History of Oregon

GENEALOOV OO^LEeT,o^,

HISTORY

OF

OREGON

Illustrated

VOLUME II

CHICAGO— PORTLAND

THE PIONEER HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY

1205983

HARVEY W. SCOTT

BIOGRAPHICAL

HARVEY WHITEFIELD SCOTT.

For forty years Harvey Whitefield Scott was editor of The Oregonian and in his
death the journalistic profession of America lost one of its most brilliant minds, one
of its most accomplished scholars, and one of its most vigorous and courageous writers.
He was a pioneer and a builder. For nearly a half century he labored for the develop-
ment of the Pacific coast, and Portland and the surrounding country owe their splendid
progress in large measure to the work of this terse conductor of a great newspaper.
He possessed those qualities which in the aggregate make what men call character, and
this character, shining out through the columns of The Oi'egonian, has exalted the char-
acter of the state and the minds of her sons.

His birth occurred in Tazewell county, Illinois, February 1, 1838. He came of Scotch
ancestry, his paternal forefathers landing at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1755. His
grandparents became residents of Pennsylvania and North Carolina, and his parents,
John Tucker and Ann (Roelofson) Scott, established their home in Tazewell county,
Illinois, where Harvey W. Scott continued to reside until his fourteenth year, becoming
inured to a life of severe toil, assisting with the work of the fields during the summer
months, while in the winter seasons he attended the district school. In 1852 the family
started across the plains to Oregon with ox teams — a journey that was fraught with
many dangers and privations. On reaching Oregon they first located in Yamhill county,
two of the party, the mother and a brother, having succumbed to the hardships of the
journey. The rest of the family resided in that locality for about a year and removed
to the Puget Sound country, settling in the vicinity of Olympia, in what is now Mason
county, Washington. In the difficult work of clearing the land and preparing the soil
for the cultivation of crops Mr. Scott bore his full share and was thus occupied until
1855, when he enlisted as a private in the Washington Territory Volunteers, under
Captain Calvin W. Swindall, and for about nine months was engaged in Indian war-
fare. Subsequently he worked in logging camps, also following surveying and farming
until 1857, when he resolved to secure a better education and set out for Oregon City,
walking the entire distance from Olympia. For a short time he resided with relatives
in Clackamas county, Oregon, attending school in Oregon City, while later he continued
his studies at Pacific University at Forest Grove, providing the necessary funds for his
education by working as a farm hand in the neighborhood. In 1859 his father returned
to Oregon, settling upon a farm three miles west of Forest Grove, and the son then
entered Pacific University, where in 1863 he was the first to complete the four years'
classical course, thus becoming the first alumnus of the institution. Near his father's
place was a sawmill, in which Mr. Scott worked when not employed elsewhere. He
was an expert .axman, and did a good deal of work in clearing the forest about Forest
Grove. He was fond of the classics and read in the original all the Latin and Greek
authors he could find. He possessed a retentive memory and throughout his life pre-
served a general familiarity with classical literature, being able to quote therefrom with
remarkable readiness. Undoubtedly his great literary ability was due in large measure
to his study of the classics, and when asked what books in English he regarded as
most helpful in creating his literary style, he replied: "The speeches of Edmund Burke
and the prophecies of Jeremiah and Isaiah in the Old Testament."

Following his graduation Mr. Scott went to Idaho, where for a year he was engaged
in mining and whipsawing, and in 1S64 he came to Portland. For a few months he
was employed as librarian of the Portland Library, which at that time utilized two
small rooms on the second floor of a brick building on the northeast corner of First
and Stark streets. While thus engaged he wrote a few articles for The Oregoninn and
subsequently obtained a position with the paper through the elTorts of Matthew P.
Deady, then president of the Portland Library Association. He was at that time study-
ing law in his leisure hours under the direction of Erasmus D. Shattuck, but the field
of journalism proved a more congenial one and he directed his energies along that

6 HISTORY OP OREGON

line. Showing a decided talent for newspaper work he soon became editor of The
Oregonian. in which position he found a wide scope for his tastes and abilities. With-
out previous experience in the complex duties of what is usually first a trade and after-
wards a profession, he rose to all the exacting requirements of his work, and so signal
was his success and so thoroughly was his individuality associated with his paper that
his name became a household word over the entire northwest. One of his first notable
articles was an editorial written on the death of President Lincoln, which attracted
widespread attention. He gave The Oregonian his continuous editorial service until
October. 1S72, when he was appointed collector of customs for the port of Portland,
which position he retained for four years, and in 1877 returned to The Oregonian as
editor and part owner, where he remained until his death in 1910.

With a strong love of the locality and state and a clear perception of the immense
natural advantages of Oregon and Washington, Mr. Scott gave the most minute atten-
tion to the discovery of the stores of wealth in the forests, mines, soil and climate.
To a certain extent he had so learned the feelings, demands and habits of the people
that his utterances were the daily voice of the Oregonians. Bold and forceful in his
writings, never seeking to conciliate, he met with opposition but usually prevailed.
Earnest and sincere in all that he did, he had no patience with pretense and had a
wholesome contempt for shams. Avoiding rhetorical art or indirection of language, he
went with incisive directness to his subject and commanded attention by the clearness
and vigor of his statement, the fairness of his arguments and the thorough and careful
investigation of his subject. In the midst of his journalistic and business affairs he
found time to pursue literary, philosophical, theological and classical study and to his
constant and systematic personal investigation in these directions were due his schol-
arly attainments. At the time of the reorganization of the Associated Press in 1898
he took a prominent part therein and served as a member of its board of directors until
his death in 1910.

In October, 1865, Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Nicklin and
they became the parents of two sons; John H. and Kenneth, but the latter died in
childhood. The mother passed away January 11, 1875, and in the following year Mr.
Scott wedded Miss Margaret McChesney of Latrobe, Pennsylvania, and to their union
were born two sons and a daughter: Leslie M., Ambrose and Judith.

In his political views Mr. Scott was a republican, yet he never hesitated to con-
demn any course or measure of the party which he deemed detrimental to good govern-
ment and the welfare of the nation. He was a strong supporter of the gold standard,
which he championed through the columns of The Oregonian. when the republican as
well as the democratic party of the state advocated the Bryan policy of free silver at
a ratio of sixteen to one, and through his influence Oregon gave its vote in 1896 to the
republican gold standard candidate for president, William McKinley. In 1876 he was a
delegate to the republican national convention, held at Cincinnati, which nominated
Rutherford B. Hayes for president of the United States. In 1886 he was temporary
secretary of the state convention of the union party and at numerous times was an
active participant as a delegate in conventions of the republican party in Oregon. He
was offered the positions of ambassador to Mexico and minister to Belgium, which
offices he declined. He was a dominant factor in Oregon politics, although never an
office holder, but his clear, logical and trenchant editorials had an immeasurable in-
fluence over public thought and action. He made The Oregnninn a power and influence
not only in the Pacific northwest but throughout the country. He always gave personal
editorial support to every project which he deemed of vital significance to the city and
was a member of the charter board which drafted the present charter of Portland. He
was also a member of the Portland water board and was active in the movement which
resulted in the erection of a monument in the Plaza to the dead of the Second Oregon
Volunteers who fought in the Spanish-American war. For a number of years he was
a member of the board of trustees of Pacific University and at the time of his death
was its president. In 190.3 he was elected president of the Lewis and Clark Fair Asso-
ciation and through the columns of The Oregonian did much to promote its success.
The other Portland journals followed in his lead and made the Lewis and Clark Expo-
sition the best advertised fair that has ever been held in America.

Mr. Scott was a member of the Arlington and Commercial clubs of Portland, Ore-
gon. He attained high rank in Masonry, with which he became identified in 1905 as
a member of Portland Lodge, No. 55, A. F. & A. M. He afterward became a member
of Washington Chapter, No. 18, R. A. M.; and Oregon Commandery, No. 1. K. T. In
1906 he attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite Consistory in Washing-

HISTORY OF OREGON 7

ton, D. C, and became a member of Ai Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine on the 15th
of June, 1907.

In disposition Mr. Scott was most friendly and inclined to be charitable in con-
sidering the errors and faults of men. He was kind-hearted and sympathetic, quick to
vindicate the right and denounce the wrong, whether of public or individual concern.
His crowning virtue, however, was the love he bore for his state and his pride in its
material advancement. He labored unceasingly for high ideals and the betterment of
the common lot. Success and honor were his, each worthily won, and there is in his
history an element of inspiration for others and an example of high principles and
notable achievement.

Death came to Mr. Scott on the 7th of August, 1910, following a surgical operation
in Baltimore, Maryland, when he was seventy-two years of age. The funeral services
were conducted at Portland, Oregon, under the auspices of the Scottish Rite Consistory,
the ceremony being a most solemn and impressive one. His death took from Oregon
her most illustrious figure. Among the many tributes paid to his memory by the press
throughout the country we quote the following:

H. H. Kohlsaat, editor of the Chicago Record-Herald, wrote of Mr. Scott: "He
was one of the last survivors of the newspaper era that produced a number of great
editors and leaders of public opinion. He made The Oregonian; he was The Oregonian.
He knew and understood the people and the territory he had cast his lot with as a
lad; he interpreted their sentiments, defended their interests and successfully urged his
own convictions upon them. Few men in the Pacific northwest wielded as great an
influence for good."

The following comment was made by S. A. Perkins, publisher of the Tacoma
Ledger and Nexcs: "Harvey W. Scott was the dean of the newspaper men of the Pacific
coast. There were no greater, east or west, and those of his class can be counted upon
the fingers of one hand. He ranked with such journalists as Dana, Watterson and
Greeley. He was a product of the Pacific northwest and for years exerted a greater
influence on its current history than any other man. When Harvey Scott spoke the
public listened. His opinions commanded the respect of even those who did not follow
them. For years the name of Harvey Scott was a household word in the 'old Oregon
country' and his face was familiar to thousands of pioneers. He knew the lite of the
pioneers, for lie was one of them, and his intellectual attainments and broad human
sympathy enabled him to write of pioneer life with remarkable thoroughness and
fidelity. An authority on the Pacific northwest, a profound student of history and
the classics, a master politician in the best sense of the term, an editor whose utter-
ances were always courageous and convincing, Harvey Scott was the most dominant
intellectual force west of the Rocky Mountains."

Harrison Gray Otis, publisher of the Los Angeles Times, said of him: "When
Harvey W. Scott passed away at Baltimore yesterday one of the greatest lights of
journalism went out. He was a great editor in every sense of the word; great in mental
force, great in executive ability, great as a writer. He made the Portland Oregonian
famed throughout the country for its breadth of vision, its originality of thought and
the power and effectiveness of its editorial expression. He fought many a good fight
against adverse odds and when he died was engaged in a vigorous battle for principle
against the fury of passing clamor. He saw a hamlet grow into a metropolis, saw
cities and towns multiply in the field which he dominated.

"His masterful, rugged character will be missed for long and felt keenly in the
walks where it was familiar, in the workshop which he loved, in the profession which
he honored and which honored him, and, indeed, in the ranks of the strong and thought-
ful up and down the land. Oregon still has need of him and although his voice is
hushed, we may be sure that the brave, arrow-piercing words he has spoken and written
will live for years to come and go on battling in the service of eternal truth."

GEORGE P. LA FONTAINE.

George F. La Fontaine, who is engaged in the transfer and storage business in
Portland, was born in St. Paul, Oregon, February 22, 1891. He was educated in the
public schools of St. Paul, while spending his youthful days in the home of his parents.
His father, Narisace La Fontaine was born in the Province of Quebec, Canada, and
came to Portland in 1851 when fifteen years of age. He afterward located at St. Paul,

8 HISTORY OF OREGON

Oregon, where he homesteaded on the Nehalem mountains near Sherwood, residing
there for nine years, at which time he disposed of the property and again took up his
abode in St. Paul, once more following farming. In 1893 he sold his property and
removed to Washington. While carrying on agricultural pursuits at St. Paul he was
badly burned in a forest fire, in fact his arms and back were so frightfully burned
while he was fighting the flames that it caused him to give up all farming and all
active work. In 1896 he returned to Portland and continued to reside here until
two years prior to his death, which occurred in the home of his son, B. F. La Fontaine,
near Salem, on December 26, 1913. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Margaret
Duperre, is a native of Oregon and a daughter of a native French Canadian, who
first came to Oregon in 1826. She is living with her son near Salem at the age
of sixty-seven years.

George F. La Fontaine of this review has always resided in the west and has long
been imbued by the spirit of western enterprise and progress. After attending the
public school of his native town he continued his education in St. George's school at
Tacoma, Washington, from which he was graduated in 1903. He then engaged in the bag-
gage and express business in Portland and in 1917 established business on his own account
at 66 Sixth street, under the name of the Baggage Transfer & Express Company. He
now employs four trucks in his transfer department and also has a large patronage
in the storage department of his business.

On the 19th of March, 1915, Mr. La Fontaine was married to Miss Delphia May
Shephard, a native of western Oregon and a daughter of Leonard and Josephine
(Brassfield) Shephard, who were pioneers of this state, crossing the plains with ox
teams at a very early day. Both are now deceased. The Shephards crossed the plains
from Iowa in 1849. They settled where Baker City now stands.

Mr. La Fontaine has long taken an active interest in politics as a republican.
He is a young man of great enterprise and energy and has already made a creditable
position in business circles.

JOHN B. YEON.

Many lines of activity connect the name of John B. Yeon with the history of Port-
land. He has not only been the builder of one of its finest business blocks but was
also road master of Multnomah county when the Columbia highway was built. He
likewise rendered valuable service in connection with war activities and many other
tangible evidences of his public spirit might be cited. Of Canadian birth, he was born
at Plantagenet, Ontario, April 24, 1865, his parents being John B. and Delamose
(Besonet) Y'eon. When seventeen years of age he left home, having up to this time
devoted his attention largely to the acquirement of a public school education, with
later instruction in the high school at Plantagenet. He then came into the United
States and made his way to Defiance, Ohio, in 1SS2. There he secured employment
in connection with the logging business at a wage of one dollar per day, working from
four o'clock in the morning until late at night, driving a team. While the work was
of a most arduous character, his determination and energy thus displayed laid the
foundation of his later success. The heavily timbered district around Defiance offered
an excellent field for the lumber industry and Mr. Y'eon there gained a knowledge
that he put to practical use for some years after his removal to the coast in 1885. It
was at that date that he became a resident of Oregon, where for some time he engaged
in business in connection with the lumber industry. Step by step he advanced, im-
proving every opportunity that came to him at length winning a place among the
prosperous and substantial business men of Portland. The tangible evidence of his
life of well directed energy and thrift is the fine Yeon building situated at the corner
of Fifth and Alder streets. The work was begun on the 11th of August, 1910, by the
hauling of the big beams and girders and on the 15th of August the actual task of
construction was undertaken, the building being ready for occupancy on the 1st of
February, 1911. It remains today one of the fine business structures of the city and
has been a source of gratifying income to the owner, who. having arrived in Oregon
with a cash capital of but fifty dollars, is today one of the prosperous residents of the
Rose City. This has been the logical outcome of his fit utilization of time and talents.
He early realized what a modern philosopher has said: "Success does not depend upon
a map but upon a time-table." Every locality offers its chances for advancement and

JOHN B. YEON

HISTORY OF OREGON 11

it Is the one who fully uses every moment who soon passes on the highway of life
others who perhaps started out ahead of him.

Mr. Yeon was married July 17, 1907, to Mrs. Elizabeth Welsh, a daughter of John
Mock, and they now have four children: Mary Pauline, John B., Allen Eugene and
Norman Leroy. Mr. Yeon and his wife belong to the Catholic church and he is identi-
fied with, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Arlington
Club and to the Commercial Club and politically is a republican. He was appointed
in November, 1920, by Governor Olcott, a member of the Highway Commission of
Oregon. He is never neglectful of any duty of citizenship and his cooperation at all
times can be counted upon to further plans and projects for the general good, yet
business has claimed the greater part of his time and attention and round by round
he has climbed the ladder of success. For four years he served on the board of directors
of the Chamber of Commerce and took a most helpful interest in promoting many
activities which have constituted forces in the city's improvement. In 1913 he became
road master of Multnomah county, filling the position for four years and during that
period the beautiful Columbia highway was built — one of the finest scenic roads of
the entire country. For this he received one dollar a year salary and paid all his
own expenses. In 1917 and 1918 he served as supervisor of the Spruce Division for
Oregon and in this and many other ways he gave active aid to his country during
the war period, seeking ever to uphold the interests of the government and advance
the welfare of soldiers in camp and field.

CLAUDE E. INGALLS.

Claude E. Ingalls is the editor of the Corvallis Gazette-Times, a live, up-to-date
newspaper. He was born in Plainfield, Iowa, August 27, 1877, a son of Orlo and Emily
(Lockwood) Ingalls. The father is a native of West Bend, Wisconsin, and his
ancestral record can be traced back in the United States to 1628. He followed the
occupation of farming in Wisconsin and in 1880 made his way to the Pacific coast
country, locating at Vancouver, Washington. He engaged in the operation of saw-
mills in Washington and Oregon and also in the conduct of farming interests in
those states and in Dakota. In 1S93 he returned to Wisconsin and later went to Topeka,
Kansas, where he now resides. The mother is deceased. She was born in Hyde Park,
London, England, and passed away at Vancouver, Washington, in 1895.

Claude E. Ingalls was reared and educated in Wisconsin and Kansas, being gradu-
ated from the high school at Washington, Kansas, with the class of 1897. Subsequently
he engaged in teaching school in the Sunflower state for seven years, during which
period he also studied law. He was admitted to the bar in Kansas in June, 1902,
and practiced his profession in that state for about fifteen years. He then entered
the newspaper field and purchased the Washington (Kansas) Republican in August,
1904, while in the following year he became owner of the Register, consolidating
the two papers. In 1915 he came to Oregon and purchased the Gazette-Times at
Corvallis, of which he has since been editor. In 1916 he sold a half interest In the
Gazette-Times to Charles L. Springer, who became business manager. In 1917 N. R.
Moore was taken into partnership as news editor and they have made a very
readable and attractive journal, devoted to the interests of the community in which
they live and to the dissemination of general news. They have introduced the most
progressive methods in management and publication and the Gazette-Times now enjoys
the largest circulation of any paper in the county. Mr. Ingalls has twice been elected
president of the Oregon State Editorial Association. In 1920 he was elected council-
man at large for the city of Corvallis.

On the 2d of May, 1906, Mr. Ingalls was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth
E. Caldwell, and they have become the parents of two children, namely: Alice,
who was born in June, 1911: and Robert, whose birth occurred in February, 1916.

In his political views Mr. Ingalls is a republican and during the administration
of President Taft he was appointed postmaster of Washington, Kansas, in which
office he rendered such efl5cient service that he was retained by President Wilson,
filling the position for a . period of four years. That he is a patriotic and public-
spirited citizen was shown during the World war when he served as chairman of the
County Council of Defense and also as chairman or secretary of all Liberty loan
drives. In religious faith he is a Presbyterian and in Masonry he has attained high

12 HISTORY OF OREGON

rank, being a thirty-second degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine. He
is likewise connected with the Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of Pythias
and the sons of the American Revolution, while his interest in the welfare and
advancement of his city is indicated in his membership in the Corvallis Commercial
Club, of which he is the president. He is ever loyal to any cause which he espouses
and to the standards of life which he has set up for himself, and he is numbered as
one of the progressive men and reliable citizens of Corvallis, enjoying the friend-
ship, confidence and regard of all with whom he has been associated.

LARRY I. SULLIVAN.

One of the profitable business enterprises of Portland is the Fashion Garage, of
which Larry L Sullivan is the proprietor. He is one of the progressive young busi-
ness men of the city, whose intelligently directed efforts are meeting with a substan-
tial measure of success. Mr. Sullivan is a native of Kansas. He was born in Wichita
in 1888 and is a son of E. and Sarah (Kirkpatrick) Sullivan, the former a native of
Kentucky and the latter of North Carolina. They became pioneers of Kansas, going
to Wichita during the period of its boom, and the father is now living retired on a
farm adjacent to the city.

Larry I. Sullivan acquired his education in the common schools and when a young
man of twenty-four years made his way to Portland. He established his present
business in June, 1916, starting with two Maxwell cars, and during the intervening
period of five years he has built up a trade of extensive and gratifying proportions,
being now the owner of fifteen new cars of superior style and quality and employing
eight men in his garage. Mr. Sullivan is an enterprising and energetic young man,
possessing initiative and business ability of a high order, and he was the originator in
the Pacific coast of the plan of renting out automobiles without drivers. He leases
the repair department of his garage to W. E. Winslow, who does repair work of all
kinds and also rents storage space for machines. The Fashion Garage is located at
the corner of Tenth and Taylor streets in Portland and is one of the most modern and
up-to-date establishments of the kind in the city, enjoying a large and constantly
increasing patronage as a result of the excellence of its service and the reliable and
progressive methods employed by its owner.

On the Sth of August, 1918, Mr. Sullivan was united in marriage to Miss Mary
Ems, of Wichita, and they have become the parents of a daughter. Bertha May. He
is the owner of a good modern residence in Laurelhurst and is a firm believer in the
future of this section of the country, it being his desire to induce his relatives to
establish their home in the "Rose City." He is much interested in the welfare and
progress of Portland and as a citizen does all in his power to expand its trade
relations and promote civic development. He is yet a young man but has already
accomplished much and all who know him esteem him for his energy, his aggressive-
ness and his sterling integrity.

JUDGE CLAIBORNE H. STEWART.

Judge Claiborne H. Stewart, who is now serving for the second term as post-
master of Albany, having been reappointed to that position by President Wilson in
1919, is discharging the duties of that office in a prompt and capable manner. He
was born in Knoxville, Marion county, Iowa, December 29, 1852, and is a son of Dr.
William Q. and Ann R. (Humphrey) Stewart, natives of Ohio. The family is of
Scotch-Irish descent, representatives of the name emigrating to America and becoming
residents of Pennsylvania. As a child the mother went with her parents to Illinois
and then to Iowa at a very early period in the development of that state. This was
prior to the Black Hawk war, at which time Burlington was but a trading post,
the country being sparsely settled. The father was a merchant and physician and
practiced his profession at Knoxville and Albia until 1865, when he crossed the plains
to Oregon, spending his first winter in this state near Mount Tabor, in the vicinity
of Portland. In 1866 he removed to Albany, Linn county, and purchased property

HISTORY OF OKECiOX l:j

which is now owned by Claiborne H. Stewart of this review and on which he has
reared his family. Owing to impaired health the father did not engage in the prac-
tice of medicine in Oregon but subsequently became connected with the drug busi-
ness, in which he was interested for several years. He continued a resident of Albany
until his demise, which occurred on the 17th of March, 1882, when he was sixty-
seven years of age, for he was born on the 5th of May, 1815. The mother, surviving
him for many years, passed away in 1917 at the advanced age of ninety-six years,
and both were highly esteemed and respected in the community where they resided.

Claiborne H. Stewart acquired his early education in the schools of Albia, Iowa,
and completed his studies at Albany, Oregon. On the 5th of June, 1867, he entered
the office of the Democrat as printer's devil and there thoroughly mastered the printer's
trade, at which he worked for several years, and then purchased that publication,
which he conducted until the spring of 1882, when he disposed of his holdings therein,
having a short time before sold an interest in the paper to United States Senator
George Chamberlain. In 1882 he was called to public office, being elected county
clerk of Linn county, in which position he served for two years. In 1884 he entered
mercantile circles, establishing a hardware business as a partner of E. F. Sox, under
the firm style of the Stewart & Sox Hardware Company. They engaged in the sale
of farm implements and sawmill machinery and through their progressive business
methods and honorable dealing succeeded in building up a business of extensive pro-
portions, their trade covering all of Benton and Linn counties and a portion of Lane,
Marion and Polk counties. They continued in business for twenty-four years, during
which period they gi-adually extended the scope of their trade until theirs became a most
substantial and profitable enterprise. In 1904 Mr. Stewart had been honored with
election to the office of county judge, in which position he proved most capable, ren-
dering decisions which were strictly fair and impartial. Upon leaving the bench he
became associated with his son-in-law in the conduct of a store dealing in electrical
appliances and was thus engaged until 1915, when he was appointed by President
Wilson to the position of postmaster of Albany. He rendered such satisfactory
service in that connection that he was reappointed in August, 1919, so that he is
still filling that office, discharging his duties in a most capable and efficient manner.
Always courteous and obliging and prompt and faithful in the care of the mail, Mr.
Stewart has proved a most popular official.

On the 4th of January, 1877, Judge Stewart was united in marriage to Miss Cora
J. Irvine, a daughter of the Rev. S. G. and Mary (Rainey) Irvine, the former a
native of Wooster, Ohio, while the latter was born near Belfast, in the north of
Ireland. Her parents emigrated to the United Stales when she was but two years
of age and settled at Cambridge, Ohio. Rev. Mr. Irvine came to Oregon from Wooster,
Ohio, as a missionary and owing to the wild state of the country at that time was
obliged to travel on horseback from place to place in the performance of his duties.
He was a minister of the United Presbyterian church and continued to preach the
gospel at Albany and Oakville, Oregon, the remainder of his life, his work proving
a potent force for good in the communities which he served.

To Judge and Mrs. Stewart were born ten children, three of whom died in
infancy. Those who survive are: Stanley I., secretary and manager of the Lebanon
Electric Light & Water Power Company; William Edgar, a practicing physician of
Portland, maintaining offices in the Selling building. He enlisted for service in the
World war, in which he did most important work for his country, being engaged
in the task of organizing hospitals in France. He served throughout the period of
the war, being discharged as major at the close of the conflict; Charles H. was
assistant deputy governor of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco until January
1st, 1921, at which time he was appointed one of the vice presidents of the North-
western Bank of Portland. He organized the Salt Lake City branch of the bank,
of which he was manager until January 1, 1920, when he was called to San Fran-
cisco to assume the duties of his present position. He is very prominent in financial
circles of the west, having formerly acted as bank examiner of Oregon; Mary R. is the
wife of Joseph H. Ralston, who is engaged in the electrical business at Albany,
Oregon; Ralph is also a veteran of the World war. He served with the artillery
forces and was so fortunate as to escape injury, although he participated in many
a hard-fought battle. He is now engaged in the work of estimating lands for taxa-
tion purposes in Roosevelt county, Montana; Kate, who is an employe of the First
National Bank of Albany, is residing at home; Robert L. also participated as a
soldier in the World war, serving throughout the period of hostilities as a member

14 HISTORY OF OREGON

of an artillery company. He is now connected with the Mountain States Electric &
Power Company.

Judge Stewart gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and he
has taken a prominent part in public affairs, serving for four terms as a member
of the city council, while tor about twelve years he was chief of the fire department,
thus rendering valuable service to the city. His religious faith is indicated by his
membership in the United Presbyterian church and for over twenty years he served
as its secretary, and he has also been secretary of the Albany Commercial Club. He
is a man of strict integrity, ever holding to high ideals of manhood and citizenship,
and no public trust reposed in him has ever been betrayed. His life has been so
varied in its activities, so honorable in its purpose and so far-reaching and beneficial
in its effects that it has become an integral part of the history of his section of the
state and his sterling worth is attested by all with whom he has come into contact.

HENRY LEWIS PITTOCK.

With the history of progress in Oregon the name of Henry Lewis Pittock is closely
associated and in his passing on the 28th of January, 1919, Portland lost one of her
honored pioneers who for sixty-six years had been a resident of the city. The story
of his life is one of successful achievement in the face of obstacles and difficulties
which would have completely overwhelmed a man of less resolute spirit and deter-
mination and his record should serve to inspire and encourage others, showing what
may be accomplished when one has the will to dare and to do. He was a dynamic
force in public affairs and left the impress of his individuality for good upon many
lines of the state's development and upbuilding. He had few enemies, his rigid
adherence to the principles of truth and honor gaining him the respect and esteem
of all with whom he came in contact.

Mr. Pittock was a native of England. He was born in London, March 1, 1836. a
son of Frederick and Susanna (Bonner) Pittock, both natives of Kent county. His
father first came to America in 1825 with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Pittock, who
emigrated from Dover, Kent county, and established their home in Pittsburgh, Penn-
sylvania. Frederick Pittock later went to London, where he learned the printer's trade
and was married, but returned to Pittsburgh in 1S39 and spent the remainder of his
life in that city, devoting his attention principally to the printing business. Henry L.
Pittock was the third in a family of eight children. A brother, Robert Pittock, formerly
of Portland, died in San Diego, California, about 190S, and another brother, John W.
Pittock, was the founder of the Pittsburgh (Penn.) Leader.

In the public schools of Pittsburgh, Mr. Pittock received his early education and
subsequently attended the preparatory school of the University of Western Pennsyl-
vania. He acquired a good knowledge of the printing business while working in his
father's office in Pittsburgh and in 1853, when seventeen years of age, in company with
his eldest brother. Robert, he joined an emigrant party whose destination was the
Pacific coast. At the Malheur river the brothers separated, Robert Pittock going to
Eugene, while the subject of this review came to Portland, arriving in this city bare-
footed and penniless. He attempted to secure work in the different newspaper offices
of Portland without success and was finally offered a position as assistant bartender at
the Columbia Hotel but refused the offer. In the latter part of October he was tendered
a situation by Thomas J. Dryer, proprietor of the Weekly Oregonian, who agreed to
give him his board and clothing for six months' services. In accepting this offer Mr.
Pittock displayed the elemental strength of his character — a strength that constituted
the foundation of his later success in all of his undertakings. Long before the expira-
tion of his six month's term he had proven his worth and ability and was engaged for
a year at a salary of nine hundred dollars, after which he was paid journeyman's wages.
From this time forward his advancement was continuous. Frequently during the first
years of his connection with the Oregonian the responsibility of getting out the paper
devolved entirely upon him, as Mr. Dryer was too busy with other affairs, and thus
Mr. Pittock soon assumed the business management of the enterprise. During the cam-
paign of 1860 he took charge of the paper under contract with Mr. Dryer, who was
engaged in making a canvass of the state as a republican candidate for presidential
elector, and immediately following the election Mr. Pittock purchased the Oregonian.
He at once instituted a progressive spirit in its management, and going to San Fran-

HENRY L. PITTOCK

HISTORY OF OKEGOX IT

Cisco, he purchased a cylinder press and other necessary equipment, for it was his
intention to convert the paper into a daily. On the 4th of February, 1861, he published
the first issue of the Morning Oregonian, which now ranks as the leading paper of
the state and one of the foremost publications of the entire country.

Throughout his long and busy life Mr. Pittock was actively connected with the
Oregonian, and being a man of resourceful business ability, he also turned his attention
to other fields, becoming identified with some of the most important industrial, financial
and manufacturing enterprises of the state. He was a pioneer in railroad, river trans-
portation, banking and manufacturing industries and was especially interested in the
manufacture of paper from pulp. To the energetic nature and strong mentality of such
men as Mr. Pittock are due the development and ever increasing prosperity of Port-
land, and many of the finest business blocks in the city stand as lasting memorials
to his initiative spirit and indomitable perseverance.

On the 20th of June, 1860, Mr. Pittock was united in marriage to Miss Georgiana
Martin Burton, whose parents were E. M. and Rhoda Ann Burton. Mrs. Pittock's girl-
hood was spent in Clark county, Missouri, and Keokuk, Iowa. Her parents crossed
the plains to Oregon in 1S52, settling near Milwaukie. There the father became promi-
nent as a manufacturer, operating one of the first flouring mills in the state, and he
was widely known and highly respected as one of the early pioneers of Oregon. His
daughter, Mrs. Pittock, passed away on the 12th of June, 1918, and in less than a year
afterward Mr. Pittock departed this life. He is survived by two brothers and two sis-
ters: Thomas R. Pittock, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; George W. Pittock, now residing
in Oakland, California; Mrs. Stratton, whose home is in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
and Mrs. McFall, a resident of Portland, Oregon. The surviving children of Mr. and
Mrs. Pittock are five in number: Mrs. E. F. Emery, of Millsboro, Pennsylvania; and
F. F. Pittock, Mrs. F. W. Leadbetter, Mrs. Lockwood Hebard and Mrs. J. E. Gantenbein,
all of Portland.

Many enterprises of Portland stand today as monuments to the life work of Henry
L. Pittock, but a more fitting and even more lasting tribute is the cherished memory
which his friends entertain for him. His life embodied the principles of upright man-
hood and citizenship, and his labors were ever of a character that contributed not only
to individual success but also to the general welfare and prosperity. His name Is writ-
ten high on the roll of the honored dead who were among the builders and promoters
of the great northwest.

THOMAS J. HAYTER.

Thomas J. Hayter passed away at the family home at Dallas, October 30,
1918. at the age of eighty-eight years, eight months and twenty-two days, and in his
demise Oregon lost one of her honored pioneers, who for nearly seventy years had
been prominently identified with the history of Polk county and of the state. He
was a veteran of the Indian wars and there was no phase of frontier life with
which he was not familiar. He was an interested witness of the marvelous develop-
ment of the northwest and through his industry and enterprise contributed in sub-
stantial measure to the work of reclamation and improvement, his influence being
ever on the side of advancement and improvement.

Mr. Hayter was born February 8, 1830, in the old town of Franklin, Howard
county, Missouri, a representative of an old and honored southern family of English
and Irish ancestry. His father, James H. Hayter, was a native of Virginia who emi-
grated to Missouri about 1816, settling in the village of New Franklin, then a small
hamlet in the very outskirts of civilization. Here he established a sawmill and a
flouring mill and also engaged in other manufacturing and agricultural pursuits,
becoming one of the leading business men of his community. He married Sarah
Fulkerson, a native of Lee county, Virginia, and a descendant of one of the old
families of the south, and they continued to reside in New Franklin until 1856, when
they became victims of the cholera epidemic which swept over Missouri and the
states along the Mississippi.

Of their family of ten children, Thomas Jefferson Hayter was the last survivor.
As a youth he attended the village school of New Franklin and later assisted his
father in his milling and farming operations. At the age of nineteen years, when
news of the gold strike in California was sweeping the country, he joined an expe-

Vol. II— 2

18 HISTORY OF OREGOX

dition bound for the Golden state. The party left New Franklin on the 15th of April,
1849, traveling with ox teams across the plains by way of Port Hall, Humboldt and
Truckee and following closely the route chosen by the surveyors of the Central
Pacific Railroad twenty years later. On arriving at Sacramento Mr. Hayter secured
employment as teamster for a large concern, transporting merchandise from Sacra-
mento to the various mining camps. In August, 1849, he began mining on his own
account and was thus engaged until the fall of 1850, when he sailed as a passenger
on the steamer Creole, bound for Oregon, and after a voyage of twenty-three days
landed in Portland, then a small settlement with but a few scattered houses. Here
he cut wood for a few months during that winter. He then made his way to Polk
county, where he took up a donation claim, but in 1852 disposed of this and returned
to Missouri by way of Panama with the intention of bringing his aged parents to
Oregon. They were too frail to attempt the long journey by wagon, however, and he
remained with them until 1854, when he started across the plains for the state of
his adoption. On the second journey he followed the old route as far as the Raft
river and then took up the Oregon trail. He arrived at the first settlement in Oregon
in September, 1854, and soon afterward engaged in ranching on a farm three miles
west of Dallas, specializing in the raising of fine stock.

In the fall of 1855 he volunteered for service in the campaign against the
Indians and as a member of Company G, First Oregon Regiment of Cavalry, under
command of Colonel James W. Nesmith, he saw several weeks of active service In
the Yakima Indian war. During this period he contracted bronchitis and was re-
moved to a hospital at The Dalles, Oregon, later receiving his honorable discharge.
He then returned to his stock ranch in Polk county, which he sold in the following
year, locating on a two hundred and sixty acre tract of land three miles east of
Dallas. This he carefully tilled and developed, adding many improvements to his
land and bringing it under a high state of cultivation, so that he at length became
the owner of one of the best farms in the county. He resided thereon almost con-
tinuously for more than a quarter of a century and then moved with his family to
Dallas, where he lived retired throughout the remainder of his life, having through
his industry and enterprise in former years accumulated a comfortable competence
which enabled him to rest from further labor.

In May, 1856, Mr. Hayter was united in marriage to Miss Mary I. Embree, a
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Carey D. Embree, who emigrated to Oregon from their
home in Howard county, Missouri, in 1844. at which time their daughter, Mary,
was but six years old. Taking up a donation claim in Polk county two miles east
of Dallas, the father there engaged in farming for many years, at length removing
to Dallas, where he lived retired throughout the balance of his life. He became
one of the prominent citizens of his community, serving as sheriff of Polk county
during territorial days and resigning that ofl5ce in 1848. There was not a death in
his family until one child reached the age of sixty years and Mr. Embree's demise
occurred when he had attained the venerable age of ninety-five years. Mrs. Embree
met an accidental death in 1881, being thrown from a wagon. To Mr. and Mrs.
Hayter were born six children, namely: Eugene, who is serving as vice president
of the Dallas National Bank; Mark, a prominent dentist of Dallas; J. C, a successful
merchant of this city; Oscar, a leading attorney of Dallas, who is mentioned elsewhere
in this work; Alice E., who died when five years of age; and Frank, who died at the
age of six months.

Mr. Hayter became prominent in public affairs and in 1876 was elected on the
democratic ticket to represent his district in the Oregon legislature, receiving a
flattering majority of votes. As a member of the house of representatives he was
recognized by his colleagues as an earnest and effective worker and his record was
one of which the county was proud. While his own educational opportunities had
been limited, he had become well informed through wide reading and observation and
few men had a more comprehensive knowledge of human events and affairs. His chief
interest outside of his home was centered in the establishment of an efficient school
system in Oregon. He gave liberally of his means to the upbuilding of La Creole
Academy, a pioneer institution of learning, and for many years served as a director
of his local school district. He was interested in all those things which are of cul-
tural value and which tend to uplift the individual, thus bringing a higher moral
plane to the community. In every relation he was true to high and honorable
principles, never faltering in the choice between right and wrong but always endeav-
oring to follow the course sanctioned by conscience and good judgment. His integrity

HISTORY OF OREGON 19

in business affairs, his loyalty and patriotism in matters of citizenship, his fidelity
in friendship and his devotion to home and family were characteristics which won
for him the high and enduring regard of all with whom he was associated.

His eldest son, Eugene Hayter, is an enterprising business man and influential
citizen of his community and is now serving as vice president of the Dallas National
Bank.

On the 21st of November, 1888, Eugene Hayter was united in marriage to Miss
Evelyn Schultz, a daughter of Asbury and Eliza (Seders) Schultz, natives of Ohio
and Indiana, respectively. In 1861 her parents emigrated from Illinois to Oregon,
becoming residents of Dallas, where her father engaged in contracting and building.
He constructed a number of buildings in the city, where he continued to reside
throughout the remainder of his life. Mr. and Mrs. Hayter have become the parents
of two children: A daughter, Frank L., who was born April 18, 1890, and is now
the wife of H. R. Patterson, Jr., a professor in the Oregon Agricultural College at
Corvallis; and Charles Carey, who was born October 8, 1900, and is now a student
in the department of mechanical engineering at the State Agricultural College.

W. H. GRABENHORST.

William H. Grabenhorst was born in Baltimore, Maryland, December 14, 1859, and is
the son of Henry C. and Margaret A. (Layer) Grabenhorst. The father of Mr. Graben-
horst was born in the province of Bl-unswick, Germany, and emigrated to the United
States in 1847. He is still living at the advanced age of ninety-two years, but the
mother died on the 26th of May, 1921, at the age of eighty-two years. She was born in
Chester county, Pennsylvania.

Mr. Grabenhorst was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, Maryland, and
was also a student three years at the Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg. His introduc-
tion into business was as a member of the United States coast and geodetic survey at
Washington, D. C.

On the 22d day of September, 1881, he was married to Miss Eva Haight, of
Dutchess county. New York. In 1883, accompanied by his wife, he settled in Webster
county, Iowa, where he engaged in farming. Eight children were born to Mr. and
Mrs. Grabenhorst: Anna A., Lillian M., George H., William H., Charles W., Eugene
B., Nelle C. and Evelyn I., all of whom are now living except Anna A.

In 1902 Mr. Grabenhorst and family moved to Marion county, Oregon, and pur-
chased what was known as the Frank C. Baker farm, four miles south of Salem, con-
sisting of three hundred and twenty-seven acres. He farmed this tract of land for a
number of years and was very successful in this line of work. Thinking it was for
the best interests of himself and family, he subdivided this tract of land and sold the
same in small tracts of five acres. The amount he received from these sales justified
his judgment in the matter.

In 1911 Mr. Grabenhorst moved from his farm to Salem, where he engaged in
the real estate and loan business. He is an enterprising business man. He has sub-
divided over two thousand acres of land, which has greatly promoted the development
of the city of Salem and the country adjacent thereto. His success in lite has been
due to his energy and attention to the business in which he has been engaged. His
pride in the development of the capital city of Oregon has been one of the principal
causes of adding so much to the growth and prosperity of Salem.

W. J. BISHOP.

W. J. Bishop is at the head of the firm of Bishop Brothers of Willamette Valley
Transfer Company of Portland, in which he is associated with his brothers, George
V. and A. C. Bishop. They were the pioneers in trucks for transportation purposes
in Portland and they have ever been regarded as most progressive and enterprising
business men.

W. J. Bishop was born on the 24th of July, 1881, in New York, while his brother,
George V. Bishop, was there born on the 31st of March, 1884. Their parents were
J. W. and Margaret (La Vie) Bishop; the former, also a native of the Empire state.

20 HISTORY OF OREGOX

has passed away, but the mother, whose birth occurred in Georgia, is living and makes
her home in Portland.

The educational opportunities of W. J. Bishop were those which usually fall to
the lot of the average boy. No special advantages were his at the outset of his
career, but by determination and energy he has steadily worked his way upward. He
became a resident of Portland in 1902 and he and his brothers took the initial step
in truck transportation between Salem and Portland. They operate sixteen trucks
that have a capacity of one hundred tons per day and they employ sixty-two people.
They have warehouses in both Woodburn and Salem and their business is one of
extensive and gratifying proportions. They are also numbered among the largest
hop growers of the state and as dealers in hops their business is exceeded by none.
They have three hundred and twenty acres planted to hops and during the summer
employ one hnndrei pnA seventy-five pe-^ple, while in the picking season their
employes number one thousand, so that they are most prominent figures in con-
nection with a growing industry in the northwest.

George V. Bishop spent seventeen years in the employ of the Bank of California
of Portland and when he left that institution he was filling the responsible position
of credit man. A. C. Bishop, who is also a member of the Willamette Valley Transfer
Company, is in charge of the hop industry owned and controlled by the brothers.
The company is incorporated for one hundred thousand dollars, of which only twenty-
two thousand three hundred dollars is outstanding. The brothers have been connected
with the hop industry for many years and they have long been recognized as most
progressive men of Oregon, accomplishing what they undertake and laboring along
lines which contribute to the welfare and benefit of the state as well as to the advance-
ment of their individual fortunes.

In 1906 W. J. Bishop was united in marriage to Miss Minnette Canklin of Port-
land, and they have become the parents of two children: Robert Morton and Albert
Lyle. aged respectively eleven and five years. George V. Bishop was married to
Miss Molly Kunz of Portland and they have two children: George, aged twelve, and
Richard, aged six. A. C. Bishop is likewise married, having wedded Mary Graham
of Bedford, Indiana.

The Bishop Brothers, with offices at 408 Flanders street in Portland, are indeed
well known and their worth as business men and citizens is widely acknowledged.
The Willamette Valley Transfer Company has become one of the important business
Interests of the city and added to their previously developed hop industry has made
them most active factors in the business life of the northwest.

B. L. STEEVES, A. M„ M, D.

Dr. B. L. Steeves, who since 1909 has specialized in the treatment of diseases of
the eye, ear, nose and throat at Salem, where his professional skill and ability have
won for him a liberal practice, is also prominent in financial circles as president of
the Salem Bank of Commerce and his standing in both professional and business
circles of the city is an enviable one. He has also figured prominently in other con-
nections, having at one time been lieutenant governor of Idaho. Dr. Steeves is a
native of Canada. He was born in the province of New Brunswick, July 7, 1868, and
is a son of Aaron and Lydia (Steeves) Steeves, who were also natives of that province.
They became residents of the United States when in 1886 they made their way west-
ward to Oregon, settling in Salem, whither two of their sons, D. B. and C. W. Steeves,
had preceded them. During the period of their residence here they gained many
warm friends and the father died in the capital city in 1893, his wife surviving him
for ten years.

B. L. Steeves pursued his education in the public schools of his home locality
and afterward attended the Prince of Wales College on Prince Edward Island. When
eighteen years of age he took up the profession of teaching, which he followed in the
east until 1888, when he came to Oregon and continued his studies in the Willamette
University of Salem, from which he was graduated with the class of 1891, winning
the Master of Arts degree. Desirous of entering upon the practice of medicine he
entered the medical department of the Willamette University at Portland in the fall
of 1891 and was there graduated with the class of 1894. Thus well equipped for the
practice of his profession he opened an office at Silverton, Oregon, where he remained

DR. B. L. STEEVES

HISTORY OF OREGON 23

for three years. In 1897 he removed to Weiser, Idaho, where he engaged in general
practice for twelve years, building up a large practice during that period. He also
became a prominent factor in political circles and in 1905 was elected lieutenant gov-
ernor on the ticliet with Governor Frank R. Gooding. He filled the position for one
term with credit and honor to himself and his constituents, his political service con-
stituting a most commendable chapter in his life history. In the meantime he had
not abandoned his practice but in 1909 he disposed of his professional interests in
Idaho and returned to Salem, where he took up a special line of work, confining his
attention to the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, in which he
liad become especially interested. He pursued postgraduate work in New York and
in Philadelphia and thus greatly promoted his proficiency and skill in his profession.
He owns one of the principal business and office buildings of Salem, located at the
southeast corner of State and Liberty streets. Here he maintains a well appointed
suite of rooms, supplied with all the modern appliances and equipment to be found
in the offices of the most progressive physicians. He has ever kept in touch with
the trend of modern professional thought, research and investigation through wids
reading and study and his pronounced ability is attested by his professional colleagues
and contemporaries and also by the large patronage accorded him. He has ever held
to high professional standards and is thoroughly conversant with the most advanced
methods of ophthalmology, rhinology and laryngology. Dr. Sleeves has also attained
prominence in financial affairs as president of the Salem Bank of Commerce and his
business interests are most capably and successfully conducted. His home is situated
at the corner of Church and Chemeketa streets and his residence is one of the finest
in the city.

In 1S93 occurred the marriage of Dr. Sleeves and Miss Sarah Hunt, a daughter of
George W. and Elizabeth (Smith) Hunt. Her father and mother came to Marion
county, Oregon, in 1847, being among the honored pioneer residents of this part of
the state. They secured a donation land claim which has never been divided and
which is now the property of their son, Jeptha. Dr. and Mrs. Steeves have become
the parents of two children: Laban and Muriel; the former completed a medical
course at fhe State University, while the latter was graduated in 1921 from Willamette
University.

In his political views Dr. Steeves is a republican and he keeps well informed re-
garding the questions and issues of the day. He served as mayor of Salem in 1915
and gave to the city a most businesslike and progressive administration. He and
his family hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church and he has served
on its official board. He was a delegate to the General Conference at Saratoga Springs
in 1916. To the work of the church he makes liberal contribution and does all in
his power to further its interests. He is president of the board of trustees of Willam-
ette University and served as president of the Oregon State Medical Association until
the 1st of July. 1920. having been elected to that office in Seattle in 1918. In his
chosen life work he has made continuous progress and his skill and ability today
place him in the foremost ranks of the medical profession, not only of Salem but of
the entire state. His life is actuated by high and honorable principles, commanding
for him the respect and esteem of his fellowmen, including his colleagues and con-
temporaries in the profession, and he is prompted in all that he does by laudable
ambition and broad humanitarian principles.

HON. JAY H. UPTON.

The name of Upton has long been a distinguished one in connection with the
judicial history of Oregon, members of the family having risen to positions of emi-
nence at the bar of the state, and Hon. Jay H. Upton, a leading attorney of Prine-
ville, is ably sustaining the traditions of the family in this regard. He is likewise
a prominent figure in public affairs, representing the seventeenth district in the
state senate, this being the largest senatorial district in Oregon. In public office
he has ever stood for development and for constructive measures and he is leaving
the impress of his individuality upon the legislative history of the state. He is
also engaged in farming on an extensive scale and his labors in behalf of irrigation
interests have been most effective and beneficial.

Senator Upton is a native of the northwest and comes of honorable and dis-

24 HISTORY OF OREGON

tinguished ancestry, the family having been established in America as early as
1640. and representatives of the name have since figured prominently in the public
life of the nation. He was born in Colfax. Washington, April 28, 1879, and when but
six weeks old was taken by his parents to Portland, which was the family home at
that period, so that practically his entire life has been passed within the borders
of this state. He is a direct descendant of John Upton, who emigrated from England
to Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1640, and another representative of the family served
on the staff of Washington at Valley Forge. The paternal grandfather, W. W.
Upton, occupied a prominent position in public affairs, becoming one of the first
Justices of the supreme court of Oregon. In 1876 he was appointed comptroller of
the United States treasury and served through the administrations of President
Hayes. Cleveland and Harrison. He also stood high in Masonic circles, receiving
the honorary thirty-third degree and his life was guided by the beneficent teachings
of the order. He had five sons: James B.. Charles B.. William H.. George W. and
Ralph R., all of whom became prominent members of the bar, Charles B. practicing
his profession in Oregon during its territorial days and after its admission to state-
hood. He is now deceased. William H. Upton, who has also passed away, became
an eminent jurist of Washington, serving as superior judge at Walla Walla. He was
also a well known Mason, serving as assistant grand secretary for the state of
Washington. George W. Upton, now a resident of Warren, Ohio, married Harriet
Taylor, who for twenty-five years has been active in the cause of woman's suffrage,
serving as national treasurer of the organization. At the last election she acted as
vice chairman of the national executive committee of the republican party and she
is a woman of superior mental attainments. James B. Upton, the father of Senator
Upton, was admitted to the bar in California and in 1866 came to Oregon, becoming
one of the pioneer lawyers of the state. He opened an office in Portland and there
continued in practice until his retirement in 1884. In 1888 he removed to Tillamook
county, taking up a homestead on Nestucca bay, and was one of the first to locate
in that section after the Nestucca Indian reservation was opened up for settlement.
He was one of the players on the old Pioneers, a famous baseball team of the early
days, of which Frank Warren, William Wadhams, V. Cook. Joe Buchtel and others
were also members. At Oregon City. Oregon, in 1869, he married Amanda Shaw,
a native of Missouri, who crossed the plains to Oregon in 1852, settling in the
Tualatin valley. She was a daughter of Jefferson Shaw and her demise occurred at
Portland in 1910, while Mr. Upton there passed away in 1919. They were widely
known and highly respected pioneer residents of the state. The five surviving mem-
bers of their family are: Jay H. and Charles S. Upton, who are residents of Prine-
ville; Mrs. Anna Maude Scott, of Moro, Oregon; Mrs. Marietta Ostrander and George E.
Upton, whose homes are in Portland.

In the grammar and high schools of Portland Jay H. Upton acquired his edu-
cation, subsequently entering the law department of the University of Oregon, from
which he was graduated in 1902. In 1898. while attending high school, he enlisted
for service in the Spanish-American war, becoming a private of Company H. of the
Second Oregon Volunteer Infantry, with which he was sent to the Philippines. He
served throughout the period of hostilities and also during the insurrection on the
islands, making a most creditable military record. Following his graduation he
opened an oflSce in Portland, where he continued to reside until 1913, building up a
good clientage. Subsequently he removed to Prineville, where he has since remained,
being accorded a large and distinctively representative clientage connecting him with
much important litigation tried in the courts of the district. He has much natural
ability but is withal a hard student and is never content until he has mastered every
detail of his cases. He believes in the maxim "There is no excellence without labor,"
and follows it closely. His legal learning, his analytical mind, the readiness with
which he grasps the points in an argument, all combine to make him one of the
most able lawyers of his section of the state and his upright policy has gained for
him the confidence and admiration of his professional colleagues. Mr. Upton has
not confined his attention to the practice of his profession but has also done notable
work along irrigation lines. He has been instrumental in securing the passage of
much beneficial legislation in this connection, laboring untiringly for the promotion
of irrigation projects, and for two years he was president of the Oregon Irrigation
Congress, in which capacity he rendered most valuable service, resulting in the
splendid agricultural development of the state today. It was through his efforts that
the Ochoco irrigation district was organized and developed, whereby twenty-two thou-

HISTOKY OF OREGON 25

sand acres of arid and unproductive land at Prineville has been irrigated and re-
claimed. He is also extensively interested in agricultural pursuits, successfully oper-
ating an irrigated farm in central Oregon.

In his political views Mr. Upton is a republican and in 1913 he was elected
representative from Multnomah county to the state legislature, where he made a
most creditable record. In 1921 he was again called to public office, being elected
state senator from the seventeenth district, which includes Crook, Deschutes, Jefler-
son, Klamath and Lake counties and is the largest senatorial district of Oregon, com-
prising nearly one-quarter of the area of the state. He has done valuable work
as a legislator and has been instrumental In framing legislation which has been
of great value to the state. He gives to each question which comes up for settle-
ment his earnest consideration and his endorsement of any measure is an indication
of his honest belief in its efficacy as a factor in good government or as an element
in the promotion of the best interests of the state. He possesses exceptional aptitude
for legislative activity and is a forceful speaker who occasionally ascends gracefully
to high flights of oratory. He is a hard working member of the senate and has never
used his natural talents unworthily nor supported a dishonorable ciuse.

In Portland, Oregon, on the 28th of April, 1909, Senator Upton was united in
marriage to Maude Joyce Cannon, a native of Roseburg, this state. He is a member
of the Protestant Episcopal church and is prominent in fraternal circles, belonging
to Lodge No. 142, of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, of which he is a past
exalted ruler; to Eyrie No. 4, of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, of which he is
past president; and to the Knights of Pythias, of which he is a past chancellor com-'
mander. He is also identified with the United Spanish War Veterans, of which he is a
past department commander for Oregon. He has made a splendid political record,
characterized by marked devotion to duty and the fearless defense of what he
believes to be right. His entire life has been spent in Oregon and he has taken a
most active and helpful part in promoting the work of progress and improvement,
leaving the impress of his individuality for good upon many lines of the state's
development. He is a man of high ideals and exalted standards of citizenship whose
irreproachable character and incorruptible integrity have won for him the high
and enduring regard of all who know him.

W. G. ALLEN.

W. G. A'len. who has long been connected with the development of the fruit
industry in Oregon, is now acting as manager for the Hunt Brothers Packing Com-
pany at Salem, in which connection he is supervising important and extensive inter-
ests, his services proving very valuable to the concern. He is energetic, farsighted
and capable in the conduct of the interests intrusted to his care and under his
management the business of the company has steadily grown. He also manifests a
large measure of executive ability and financial insight and in business matters his
judgment has ever been found sound and reliable and his enterprise unfaltering.

Mr. Allen is a native of Kansas. He was born July 31, 1876, and came to Newberg,
Oregon, with his parents, William K. and Mary E. (Hill) \llen, the former of whom
passed away in 1905 at Newberg, Oregon, while the latter is now a resident of Wenatchee.
Washington. The father was identified with the early prune-drying industry of the
Willamette valley and Vancouver, Washington, and he became the originator of the
tunnel system of drying all kinds of fruits and vegetables, gaining a position of promi-
nence in connection with canning interests of the northwest. In association with his
father, W. G. Allen purchased the Wallace cannery in Salem and also a cannery in
Eugene, the Salem plant being remodeled, after which it was sold in 1902. In 1900
the son went to Eugene, acting as manager of the cannery there for ten years and
also continuing to serve in that capacity after the plant became the property of the
Eugene Fruit Growers Association. In the spring of 1911 he returned to Salem and
took charge of the plant of the California Fruit Canners Association, now known as
the California Packing Corporation, remaining with that company until 1913. In
1914 Hunt Brothers erected a large plant on Front and Division streets, covering
an area one hundred by five hundred feet, and of this Mr. Allen became manager
in 1914. The company does an extensive business, canning everything in the way
of fruit. They export and sell to jobbers throughout the United States and in the

2(> HISTORY OP OREGON

busy season employ about five hundred people, their pay roll being about two thousand
dollars a day. Their products have become well known both in this country and
abroad and they expect to keep pace with the growth of the fruit industry in this
section of the state. Mr. Allen is proving entirely equal to the responsibilities which
devolve upon him as manager, and owing to his intimate knowledge of the business
is most capably directing the labors of those under him. He gives careful oversight
to every phase of the enterprise and is constantly seeking to increase the efficiency
of the plant, to improve in every way possible the quality of the products and to extend
the trade to new territory. He is a keen, intelligent business man with a rapid grasp
of details and his initiative spirit enables him to formulate plans which have re-
sulted in the enlargement and substantial gi-owth of the undertaking. He is the
owner of a fine prune orchard of two hundred and fifty acres, all in bearing, at
Dundee, in Yamhill county, and he also has a loganberry farm of twenty-five acres,
located east of Brooks, in Marion county, while he likewise is the owner of a straw-
berry farm of fifty acres all in bearing, on his five hundred acre farm located in the
Mission bottom of Marion county. His horticultural interests are capably conducted
and bring to him a substantial addition to his income.

On the 1st of January, 1900, Mr. Allen was united in marriage to Miss Florence
Cook, a native of Iowa, and they have become the parents of three children: Wayne,
Kenneth and Harold, the youngest being two years of age. Mr. Allen's success is
due in large measure to the fact that he has continued in the field which he
entered as a young man and as the years have passed he has gained wide experi-
ence, which makes him an authority in his line of work. His plans are carefully
formed and promptly executed and he has ever based his activity in business affairs
upon strict integrity and close application. He is always loyal to any cause which
he espouses and faithful to every duty and his record as a man and citizen is a
most commendable one.

HON. CHARLES WILLIAM FULTON.

When one determines the capabilities of a man, he must regard the depths from
which he has climbed as well as the heights to which he has attained. In a word,
he must measure the obstacles and difficulties which have confronted him and which
have been overcome. Judged by this standard, the record of Charles William Fulton
is a remarkable one, for he had many handicaps in youth, worked hard to secure an
education and received his legal training only at the cost of earnest, self-denying effort.
Teaching school through the day, he allowed himself few social pleasures and devoted
his evening hours to the study of law, thus making thorough preparation for the bar.
In this is indicated the nature of the man. who became one of the leading attorneys
and most hierhly respected citizens of Portland and a distinguished statesman of Oregon.

Mr. Fulton was born in Lima, Ohio, August 24, 1853, a son of Jacob and Eliza A.
Fulton. The father was a carpenter by trade and a soldier of the Civil war, serving
as second lieutenant of a company in the Twenty-ninth Iowa Volunteer Infantry during
the period of hostilities between the north and south. He had removed with his family
from Ohio to Harrison county, Iowa, in 1855, and it was here that Charles W. Fulton
began liis education in the common schools, while later he continued his studies in the
high school of Maenolia. the county seat of Harrison county. In 1S70, when seven-
teen years of age, he accompanied his parents on their removal to Pawnee City, Nebraska,
and there attended the Pawnee City Academy for two years. This constituted the extent
of his educational advantages, but even these were not enjoyed as a gift from the hands
of fate. He was but nine years of age when his father went to war and it was neces-
sary for him to do much service in support of the family and his opportunities to pur-
sue his studies were greatly curtailed thereby. Notwithstanding difficulties and
obstacles, he persevered and when he ceased to be a student he became a teacher.
While thus connected with the district schools he devoted the hours which are usually
termed leisure to the study of law. his thorough preliminary reading securing him
admission to the bar in April, 1S75. Two or three days later— on the 6th of April —
he left his Nebraska home for Oregon, arriving in Portland on the 20th of the same
month. His only suit of clothing was the one he wore and he had but ten dollars and
a quarter when he reached his destination. He did not know a single person in Port-
land nor on the entire Pacific coast. He believed, however, that success awaited him

CHARLES W. FULTON

HISTORY OF OREGON 29

in return for earnest, honest effort. It was his intention to secure a clerkship in a
law ofRce, but after making application to every attorney in the city and later apply-
ing to every livery stable in the city tor work he became discouraged at the prospect
here and went to Albany, where he met a young man, James K. Weatherford, who a
short time before had been elected to the office of school superintendent. He told Mr.
Fulton of a school which he believed he might secure at Waterloo, Linn county, eighteen
miles from Albany. That afternoon he walked to the school and secured the posi-
tion. The next morning he walked back to Albany, where he sold his watch for three
dollars and a half in order to obtain money with which to pay for his teacher's certifi-
cate, and then successfully passing the examination, he started the following morn-
ing with twenty-five cents in his pocket for Waterloo. He capably conducted the
school through the ensuing term and in the following July went to Astoria, where
he entered upon the practice of law. He came to Portland in March, 1909, and estab-
lished himself as one of the leading lawyers of this city as well as one of the promi-
nent lawmakers of the state.

On the 5th of September, 1878, Mr. Fulton was united in marriage to Miss Ada
M. Hobson, who was born on Clatsop Plains, in Clatsop county, Oregon, and is there-
fore a "native daughter." Her father, John Hobson, was one of the prominent pioneers
of the state and served as collector of customs at Astoria under President Cleveland.
Mr. and Mrs. Fulton became the parents of a son, Fred C, whose birth occurred Febru-
ary 7, 1887.

In June prior to his marriage Mr. Fulton had been elected to the state senate and
the wedding trip of the young couple was from Astoria to Salem, where Mr. Fulton
attended the succeeding session of the legislature, which at that time convened in
September. From that time until his death he was prominently connected with the
political history of the state and nation. In 1881 he was appointed city attorney by
the city council of Astoria, which position he held for three years at a salary of fifty
dollars per month. In 1890 he was again elected a member of the upper house of the
Oregon assembly. In 1893 he was chosen president of the senate, where he presided
with dignity and uniform justice, his rulings being based upon a comprehensive knowl-
edge of parliamentary law and procedure. In 1898 he was again elected to the state
senate and was once more chosen as the presiding officer of the upper house in 1901.
The following year he was reelected state senator and thus through four terms was
an active associate of Oregon's leading lawmakers, leaving the impress of his indi-
viduality upon the legislative proceedings which in large measure have shaped the
policy and guided the destiny of the commonwealth. His work in the senate is a mat-
ter of history. Mr. Fulton ever stood fearlessly in defense of what he believed to be
right, and while he believed in concerted party action and thorough organization, he
did not believe in sacrificing the public welfare to partisanship nor placing individual
aggrandizement before the good of his constituents. In 1888 he was chosen presiden-
tial elector and carried Oregon's vote to Washington in February, 1889. During the
session of the Oregon legislature in February, 1903, he was elected to the United States
senate and served for a full term of six years.

Mr. Fulton passed away on the 27th of January, 1918, at the age of sixty-five
years, and his demise was the occasion of deep and widespread regret, for he had
made for himself a prominent place in the community, and his progressive citizen-
ship and his sterling personal worth gained for him the warm regard of all who
knew him. At his death the family received hundreds of letters of sympathy and
condolence from the most eminent men of the state and the nation. In a resolution
passed by the bench and bar of Oregon appears the following: "It is with a profound
sense of personal loss that the members of the bench and bar of Oregon assemble for
the purpose of establishing a lasting memorial of his character and of his attainments
in the profession of the law and to commemorate his distinguished services to his

state and to his country His life was as an open book, for he soon created a

place for himself as one of the foremost citizens of the state, known and respected
far and wide as a man of sterling worth and of unusual ability. His probity, his sin-
cerity and his genial and kindly manner drew to himself a host of friends and admirers
to whom his untimely death in the midst of the busy and active practice of his pro-
fession came with a shock of bereavement.

"As a lawyer he enjoyed an extensive and varied practice which his diligence and
his talents and his solid attainments well merited. Always an effective and forceful
speaker, his arguments to juries were powerful and convincing. His cases were always
well prepared, so that he went into court with a clear conception of what he desired

30 HISTORY OF OREGON

to show. In the presentation of his case to the court, in his analysis of the legal
principles involved, and in making practical application of the:;e principles to the
evidence, he was earnest, strong and logical. His integrity, his conscientiousness,
his recognition of the proper relations of an attorney to court and to client, gained
for him the respect of the .iudges before whom he practiced, and he always treated
his opponents with courtesy, dignity and good nature, without abating in any degree
his loyal and enthusiastic zeal for his client's rights. As a citizen and as a neighbor
he was patriotic, public-spirited, tolerant and just. He was an unostentatious man,
free from pretense and affectation. To those who knew him well the memory of his
warm friendship, his vibrant voice, his hearty laugh, his vigorous hand grasp, his
ready retort, his apt illustration by appropriate anecdote, his cheerful, cordial and
spontaneous good fellowship, is all a precious legacy. The world is better for his
having lived in it, and the influence of his example will not soon be lost."

His record is a splendid illustration of the fact that character and ability will
come to the front anywhere, and that it is under the stimulus of opposition and neces-
sity that the best and strongest in men are brought out and developed. His course
commanded and merited the confidence and support of his fellowmen, and as lawyer
and statesman he ranked among those whose records have conferred honor and dignity
upon the state which has honored them.

R. E. POMEROY, M. D.

One of the younger representatives of the medical fraternity at Salem is Dr. R.
E. Pomeroy, a leading physician and surgeon of this city, who is specializing In the
treatment of urology and who since January 1, 1920, has served as city health oflacer,
most capably discharging the duties of that ofBce. He is thoroughly familiar with
the scientific principles which underlie the profession and by wide reading and
study keeps abreast with the advancement that is continually being made in methods
of medical and surgical practice.

Dr. Pomeroy is a native son of Oregon and a representative of one of its oldest
pioneer families. He was born in Woodburn, March 2, 1894, his parents being C. T.
and Margaret E. (Cornelius) Pomeroy, the former a prominent merchant of Salem.
The mother was well known as a successful physician, enjoying a large and lucra-
tive practice. She was married at Dayton, Oregon, and is now deceased but the father
survives and is still active in business circles of Salem. He is also a native of
this state, his birth having occurred in Yamhill county. He is a son of C. T.
and Henrietta (Blish) Pomeroy, who crossed the plains to Oregon in the early '40s,
taking up their residence near Hillsboro, where the grandfather of Dr. Pomeroy of
this review devoted his energies to farming pursuits.

After completing his high school studies at Salem, Dr. Pomeroy entered the
medical department of Oregon University, from which he was graduated in June,
1916, and at once opened an office in Salem, where his practice steadily grew in
volume and importance as his professional skill and ability became recognized. On
the 13th of April, 1917, he enlisted in the navy and was commissioned senior lieu-
tenant. He was sent overseas and had charge of a French and American unit in
venereal diseases. He remained overseas for about sixteen months and upon receiving
his discharge from the service he at once returned to Salem and took up the task
of rebuilding his practice. He maintains a finely appointed suite of offices in the
Oregon building on State street in Salem, equipped with all of the most modern
medical appliances, and is specializing in the treatment of urology. He has studied
broadly, thinks deeply and his efforts have been of the greatest value to his patients.
On the 1st of January, 1920, Dr. Pomeroy was appointed city health officer and as a
public official his record is a most creditable one, for he is most efficiently and
conscientiously discharging the duties which devolve upon him in this connection.
He is a lover of his profession, deeply interested in its scientific and humanitarian
phases, and he puts forth every effort to make his labors effective in checking the
ravages of disease.

In December, 1916, Dr. Pomeroy was united in marriage to Miss Leone Griffin
and they have a large circle of friends in the city. Fraternally Dr. Pomeroy is
identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Masons. He is a
young man of energy, ability and determination who is fast forging to the front

HISTORY OF OREGON ;J1

in his profession. His life is actuated by high and honorable principles and his
course has ever been directed along lines which command the respect and confidence
of his fellowmen and his professional colleagues and contemporaries.

JOHN MARION LEWIS

John M. Lewis, who since 1902 has served as county treasurer of Multnomah county,
is systematic, prompt and reliable in the discharge of iis duties and is proving a faithful
custodian of the public funds. He has devoted much of his life to public service and at
all times has been found faithful to the trust reposed in him. Mr. Lewis is a native son
of Oregon and his entire life has been spent in the northwest. A representative of one
of the honored pioneer families of the state he was born in Linn county, September
20, 1855. He traces his ancestral record back to old families of Virginia, North Carolina
and Tennessee. His paternal great-grandfather. Fielding Lewis, was born in 1767 in
the Old Dominion and at an early age became a resident of North Carolina, subsequently
removing to eastern Tennessee. His son, Fielding Lewis, Jr., was born in 1811 and
prior to 1830 became a resident of Wabash county, Illinois. Later he removed to
Missouri and in the spring of 1852, attracted by the advantages offered in the develop-
ment of the rich agricultural lands of the northwest, he started across the plains with
his family. The journey was a long and tedious one and it was six months ere they
reached their destination — a point near Brownsville, in Linn county, Oregon. Crossing
the Snake river opposite the site of Huntington they followed the general course of the
river down to its junction with the Columbia, thence proceeding down the Columbia
valley to the mouth of the Willamette and up the latter stream to Linn county. The
journey was beset by many hardships and perils and mountain fever and cholera broke
out in the party, claiming as a victim Lucinda Moore Lewis, the wife of Fielding Lewis,
her grave being made on the banks of the Snake river near Birch creek. When they
reached Burnt river Charles Wesley Lewis, a son, also passed away, and at the upper
Cascades a grave was made for Marion Lewis, while Mary Ellen Lewis died on the
Oregon side of the river opposite Vancouver barracks.

James Preston Lewis, one of the family who traveled with them on the long journey
to the northwest, entered land in the forest following his arrival in Oregon and this he
cleared and developed, subsequently removing to Althouse, Josephine county, where he
purchased a tract of land on which he resided until his death on the 18th of February,
1906. He became prominent in the public lite of his community and served for three
terms as county assessor. On the 29th of November, 1853, he was united in marriage
to Tennessee Teresa Tycer, the ceremony being performed by the Rev. H. H. Spalding,
who came to Oregon with Marcus Whitman in 1836. Mrs. Lewis was born in Linn
county, Missouri, a daughter of Lewis Tycer, a native of Nashville, Tennessee, and an
early resident of Linn county, Missouri. His father came from France to aid the
American colonists in their struggle for independence and tradition says participated in
the battle of Guilford Courthouse and in other engagements of note. The year 1853
witnessed the arrival of Lewis Tycer and his family in Oregon. His first home was
a pioneer cabin, but he later purchased a farm and a comfortable residence in which he
continued to make his home to the time of his death at the age of seventy-seven years
and which is still owned by a member of his family. James P. and Tennessee Lewis
became the parents of three sons and three daughters who are living: George W., who is
sheriff of Josephine county, now serving his sixth term and was formerly in business
at Grants Pass, Oregon, during a period when he was out of the sheriff's office; James E.;
Mrs. 0. J. Wetherbee; Mrs. Joseph G. Hiatt, residing at Santa Rosa, California; and
Mrs. James E. Holland. James E., Mrs. Wetherbee and Mrs. Holland all reside on
farms in Josephine county.

John M. Lewis was reared and educated in his native county to the age of seventeen
years and then accompanied his parents on their removal to Josephine county. He
assisted his father in the work of the fields and later engaged in mining to some extent.
In 1881 he arrived in Portland and here resumed his studies, being desirous of securing
a better education. He pursued a commercial course in the Portland Business College
and in 1882 became a government employe, having charge of the mailing division
of the Portland post office under Postmaster George A. Steel for about three years.
He continued to occupy the position for eighteen months under C. W. Roby, the democratic
postmaster, and was then compelled to resign owing to impaired health caused by close

'A-2 HISTORY OF OEEGOX

confinement to the work. He spent the next three years as lumber inspector in the
employ of the H. R. Duniway Lumber Company in East Portland and while there
residing was again called to public office, representing his ward in the city council of
East Portland from 1888 until 1890. In the latter year he was appointed postmaster
under the administration of President Harrison and filled the position until the consolida-
tion of the cities of Portland and East Portland, when the office was discontinued.
Later he was appointed superintendent of Station A, which superseded the old office
in East Portland, and continued in that position under Postmaster Steel until the close
of the latter's second term. In 1894 Mr. Lewis became deputy treasurer under A. W.
Lambert, and two years later was reappointed to the same office by Ralph W. Hoyt,
continuing in that position for four years more. He was then elected county treasurer
and through subsequent reelections has since remained the incumbent in that office.
No better testimonial of his capability and fidelity could be given nor of the confidence
reposed in htm by his fellowmen. His identification with political life in Multnomah
county forms one of the vital interests of his lite and he has always done able and
faithful work.

On the 1st of May, 1883, in Portland, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Lewis
and Miss Ella M. McPherson, a native of Linn county, Oregon, and a daughter of W. A.
McPherson, who came to this state about 18.50. He was connected with public service as
state printer from 1866 until 1870 and his death occurred in 1891. Four children were
born to Mr. and Mrs. Lewis, one of whom. Herbert Wayne, died at the age of two years;
Edith is a successful teacher connected with the public schools of Portland; lone mar-
ried Dallas M. Mark of this city, a veteran of the World war who spent fourteen months
in France as a noncommissioned officer with the One Hundred and Sixteenth Engineers
corps. Wade Vernon, the youngest member of the family, also served in the war with
Germany, spending twenty-one months in France as a member of the Eighteenth
Engineers Corps, and is now a student in the Oregon Agricultural College where he is
pursuing a course in mining engineering. He married Miss Jessie Thayer, of Rainier,
Oregon, who during the war period was engaged in reconstruction work in Boston,
Massachusetts.

The family attend the Central Presbyterian church, in the work of which Mr.
Lewis has long taken an active and helpful part, having served for some time as
ruling elder. In his fraternal relations he is an Odd Fellow and is also connected
with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World, while in 1910
he became affiliated with Washington Lodge, No. 46, A. F. & A. M., of which lodge he has
been chaplain for the past ten years: Washington Chapter Xo. 18 Royal Arch Masons;
Washington Council No. 3, R. & S. JM. and Martha Washington Chapter. Order of the
Eastern Star No. 14. He is a charter member of Abernethy's Cabin, No. 1, Native Sons of
Oregon, and is a member of the Oregon Historical Society. His political allegiance has
always been given to the republican party, for his study of the political conditions and
questions of the day has led him to the belief that its platform contains the best elements
of good government. His residence is at No. 604 East Ankeny street, where he has
resided for thirty-four years. His has been a well spent life, characterized by a progressive
public spirit that has found tangible manifestation on many occasions. In public
office his course has ever been above suspicion. The good of the community he places
before partisanship and the welfare of his constituents before personal aggrandize-
ment. Wherever he is known he is highly esteemed, but in the city of his residence
where he is best known he inspires personal friendships of unusual strength and all
who know him have high admiration tor his good qualities of heart and mind.

J. W. JONES.

B. W. Jones, of Portland, is a member of the firm of Goodell-Akin-Jones, Incor-
porated, financial and insurance agents, doing business both in Portland and in
Seattle. Mr. Jones was born at Farmington, Michigan, March 20. 1887. and is a son
of H. H. and Alice S. (Perry) Jones, both of whom were natives of the state of
New York. The father was engaged in merchandising in Michigan for many years
but eventually retired in 1909 and passed away at Novi, that state, in 1915. The
mother survives and is yet living at Novi.

B. W. Jones pursued his education in the high school of Northville. Michigan,

HISTORY OF OREGON 33

and afterward attended the State University at Ann Arbor, from wliich lie was
graduated in 1907 with the LL. B. degree, having completed a law course. The
opportunities of the northwest attracted him, however, and instead of entering upon the
practice of law he made his way to Lincoln county, Oregon, where he took up a home-
stead of one hundred and sixty acres. In the spring of 1910 he became actively en-
gaged in the timber business in association with F. R. Hyland, under the firm name of
Hyland & Jones. In 1912 this company was dissolved and Mr. Jones went to
Sheridan, Oregon, where he engaged in the insurance business. While there residing
he also served as mayor of the town in 1913, and during his incumbency in that
office most of the civic improvements of the town were made. In 1914 he accepted
the state agency for the Phoenix Fire Insurance Company of London, England, and
also had jurisdiction for the company over southern Idaho and northern California.
In March, 1920, however, he resigned that position to become a partner in the firm
of Goodell-Akin-Jones, Incorporated, handling insurance and commercial paper, with
offices in the Wilcox building in Portland. The firm of Metzger & Jones, insurance
brokers of Seattle, Washington, is a branch of the Portland house and is one of the
largest concerns of the kind on the coast. In their Portland and Seattle offices they
employ seventeen men and their business is steadily growing. In addition to his
activities in that connection Mr. Jones is still the owner of his homestead, embracing
a valuable tract of timber land.

In 1910 was celebrated the marriage of B. W. Jones and Harriet Bewley, a native
daughter of Oregon. Her father, A. J. Bewley, came to Oregon from Tennessee
about forty years ago, and her mother, Mrs. Minnie (Mendenhall) Bewley, was also
a pioneer of this state and a native of Tennessee. Both survive and their home is
now in Sheridan, Oregon. To Mr. and Mrs. Jones have been born two sons: Bud-
dington and Howard, aged respectively seven and three years.

After America's advent into the World war Mr. Jones offered his services, was
accepted and had completed preparations for going overseas, but the armistice was
signed before he sailed. He has long been active in politics as a supporter of the
republican party and is a firm believer in its principles. Fraternally he is connected
with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His varied business activities have
brought him a wide acquaintance in the northwest and he is today a most promi-
nent figure in insurance and financial circles, possessing comprehensive knowledge
of both branches of his business and most carefully directing his efforts, so that
success in substantial measure is his reward.

HON. IRA C. POWELL.

Hon. Ira C. Powell, president of the First National Bank of Monmouth, is regarded
as one of the leading citizens of the community in which he resides and his progress-
iveness has been a potent element in its continued development and upbuilding. He
is a representative of one of the old and honored pioneer families of Oregon, his father,
Franklin S. Powell, having emigrated to this state from Illinois, in the year 1851. In
Linn county he took up as a donation claim a half section of land near the present site of
Albany, which he operated until about 1872, then leased his property, removed to Polk
county and there became the owner of another halt section. This he cultivated for
many years and then removed to Monmouth, where he lived retired throughout the
remainder of his life. He was an extensive stock raiser and was one of the first to
introduce pure bred Merino sheep into Linn county. While residing in Polk county
he engaged in the raising of pure bred Cotswold sheep and Angora goats and was very
successful in his operations along that line. He became prominently known throughout
the state and in 1889 was elected to represent his district in the state legislature. He
also served as chairman of the board of trustees of Christian College and during his
legislative service was instrumental in having the college taken over by the state as a
normal school. He passed away at Monmouth, December 4, 1916, at the advanced age
of eighty-seven years, but his wife, Louisa (Peeler) Powell, survives and is residing in
Monmouth, having attained the venerable age of ninety-one years. She is one of the hon-
ored pioneer women of the state and her reminiscences of the early days are most
interesting.

The son, Ira C. Powell, was born in Linn county, Oregon, November 26, 1865, and
there attended the public schools, later pursuing a course of study in Christian College at

Vol. II— 3

34 HISTORY OF OREGON

Monmouth. He then engaged in teaching school and also followed farming for two
years. In 1889 he first became interested in financial affairs in connection with a private
bank and the following year in association with others he organized the Polk County
Bank, of which he became cashier. In 1911 it was converted into the First National
Bank and four years later, or in 1915, Mr. Powell was made president of the institution,
in which capacity he has since served also filling the position of manager. The other
officers are J. B. V. Butler, vice president, and F. E. Chambers, cashier, and all are
substantial and progressive business men of this section of the state. The bank is
capitalized for thirty thousand dollars, has a surplus and undivided profits of twenty-
five thousand dollars, while its resources have reached the sum of five hundred
thousand dollars. The present bank building was erected in 1896 and the
First National Bank of Monmouth is regarded as one of the sound and reliable moneyed
institutions of this part of the state. With keen insight into business affairs and with
thorough understanding of every phase of banking, Mr. Powell has been largely instru-
mental in promoting the growth and success of the institution, and while he is progressive
and aggressive, he employs that conservatism necessary to safeguard depositors as well
as stockholders. He is also a stockholder and was one of the organizers of the Central
Clay Products Company of Monmouth and is much interested in horticulture, being the
owner of two orchards, in which he engages in the growing of prunes, cherries and
walnuts. He has won a substantial measure of success in the conduct of his business
affairs and is a man of resolute spirit whose plans are carefully made and promptly
executed.

In December, 1894, Mr. Powell was united in marriage to Miss Lena Butler, who
passed away in 1908, leaving three children: Clares, aged twenty-four years, who is a
graduate of the State University, class of 1921, and also associated with his father in
the conduct of the bank; Herbert, who is eighteen years of age and is a student at the
university at Eugene; and Ira D., Jr., aged twelve, who is attending the public schools.
In 1916 Mr. Powell was again married, his second union being with Miss Ethel Jackson.

In his political views Mr. Powell is a republican and has filled several public offices
of trust and responsibility. In 1911 he was called upon to represent his district in the
state legislature, where he was the stalwart champion of many measures for the
public good. He served for four terms as mayor of Monmouth, giving to the city a most
progressive and businesslike administration, and for ten years has been a member of
the school board, doing all in his power to advance the standards of education in his
part of the state. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian
church, in wliich he is serving as a trustee, and fraternally he is identified with the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has so conducted his interests that he has not
only won individual success but has also contributed in marked measure to the upbuild-
ing, development and prosperity of the community in which he resides and Monmouth
numbers him among her most valued citizens.

HENRY WALDO COE, M. D.

Dr. Henry Waldo Coe was born in Waupun, Wisconsin, November 4, 1857, his
father being Samuel Buel Coe, M. D., and his mother Mary (Chronkhite) Coe. He is
a direct descendant, tenth in line, of Robert Coe, Puritan, who landed in New England
from England in 1634, and on his mother's side is of old Knickerbocker stock. The
Spelman genealogy gives Dr. S. B. Coe as a cousin of the late elder Mrs. John D.
Rockefeller.

Dr. Henry Waldo Coe spent his boyhood days at Morristown, Minnesota, where
his parents moved from Wisconsin in 1863. The father was a surgeon in the First
Minnesota Heavy Artillery in the Civil war. Two ancestors were captains in Colonial
wars— John Coe and his son John— while a later progenitor, James Coe, was a corporal
in the Revolutionary war, on account of whose service Dr. Coe and his sons are Sons of
the American Revolution. Dr. Henry Waldo Coe volunteered and had provision-
ally been accepted by Colonel Roosevelt for his proposed overseas volunteer army as
a base hospital surgeon, but when Colonel Roosevelt's project failed of government
acceptance Dr. Coe was unable to secure admission into the great war, though at home
he took an active part in all war activities in bond sales, Y. M. C. A.. Red Cross and
other auxiliary work. His three sons, George Clifford, Wayne Walter and Earl Alphonso,
all college boys, volunteered as privates for such service, the two older and first men-

1205983

DR. HENRY WALDO COE

HISTORY OP OREGON 37

tioned having risen in service from the ranks to lieutenants. Their records appear
later on herein.

Dr. Coe, after a high school education, took his college course at the University
of Minnesota and studied medicine at the University of Michigan and Long Island
College Hospital, graduating at the latter in 1880. He did much postgraduate work
in this country and abroad.

He located at Mandan, North Dakota, in 1880, where he was surgeon for the
Northern Pacific Railroad, superintendent of the state board of health and president
of the State Medical Society. Here also he was mayor of his, little city and was the
first member of the legislature from the state, then territory, of North Dakota, from
west of the Missouri river, representing thirteen counties. He was president of the
Oregon branch of the Roosevelt Memorial Association, and is one of the trustees of
the National Roosevelt Memorial Association.

In 1891, seeking a larger field, with his wife and a young child, George Clifford
Coe, he moved to Portland, Oregon, where he has since resided, taking an active part
in medical affairs and a leading position in the development of this state, where
within a few years his two other sons were born.

Among the medical positions he has held in Portland are those of professor of
anatomy and of nervous and mental diseases in the Willamette University and neu-
rologist of the old Portland Hospital; secretary of the Portland Clinical Society;
president of the State Medical Society; president of the Portland City and County
Medical Society; member of the house of delegates of the American Medical Associa-
tion. He is a member in these medical societies today and also of the American
Medico-Psychological Society, and an ex-president of the American Medical Editors As-
sociation, and for thirty years a life member of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science. He is a member of the Scottish Rite and Shrine orders of
Masonry.

He is affiliated with the Congregational church, the church of his New England
ancestors. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, the City Realty Board, the Pro-
gressive Business Men's Club, the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club, the Rosarians
and the Arlington Club. He is a life member of the Portland Rowing Club and the
Portland Yacht Club.

While president of the American Medical Editors Association, he made a special
trip to investigate hygienic conditions at Panama and to furnish a private report
of his findings, which were altogether favorable, to President Roosevelt.

While in the east securing the American Medical Association for Portland for
1905, he was in 1904, in a few days' campaign, elected by Portland to the state senate,
a vacancy having unexpectedly occurred in the republican ticket a few days before the
election. He was at the time the choice of both republican factions and elected by
one of the largest majorities ever given a state senator from Portland.

He was until the death of Theodore Roosevelt a warm personal friend, and en-
joyed, until the death of the ex-president, to a marked degree the confidence of the
elder Theodore, a friendship then extending back for thirty-five years to the early
days of Dakota, where both were for the time being pioneers in territorial days. For
seven years, while Theodore Roosevelt was in the White House, Dr. Henry Waldo
Coe was the confidential associate as to Oregon matters, being often called to Wash-
ington for conference touching the then somewhat distracted political situation in the
republican party in this state, and on several occasions, though not always, he was
able to pacify disturbing conditions.

Dr. Coe, as a republican, was either a delegate or alternate to five consecutive
national conventions of that party. He avoided local and state political activity in
Oregon, and it was only when Theodore Roosevelt suggested that he should do his
mite in national politics that he somewhat reluctantly attempted to do so. In 1908
he helped in the convention to nominate Taft and took charge of the financial portion
of the campaign, raising all the funds for the Oregon campaign and sending for the
first time from Oregon ten thousand dollars to the national republican committee.

He was again a delegate in 1912, following his great leader into the progressive
party movement, and was for the new party national committeeman for Oregon. He
was one of the original signers of the Declaration of Rights calling the progressive
national convention to meet in Chicago in 1912. In 1916 he joined with thirty-five
other progressive national committeemen in the endorsement of the republican nominee.

In 1893 Dr. Coe established in Portland The Medical Sentinel, which ever since
he has successfully carried forward. He was well fitted for publication work, as his

38 HISTORY OF OREGON

first financial venture was a newspaper at Morristown, Minnesota, and later he estab-
lished the Northern Pacific Times at Valley City. North Dakota, while he was still
under age and not yet a physician. At one time he was secretary of the Oregon Press
Association.

In 1894 he established his sanitarium tor nervous and mental diseases for the
care of patients, in the specialty to which in medicine he thereafter confined his pro-
fessional work, organizing what is now known as Morningside Hospital. Later he
withdrew from private practice and since 1910 has devoted himself to his sanitarium
work, which has since that date cared for only United States government cases, the
largest private institution for nervous and mental diseases on the Pacific coast, and
which is entirely owned by Dr. Coe. At present there are two hundred and forty
patients therein domiciled.

Dr. Coe has been largely interested in good sized business enterprises in the
northwest, including farming, dairying, mining, fruit raising and banking. It was
he who colonized the Furnish-Coe Irrigation Project in Umatilla county, Oregon, and he
laid out the town of Stanfield in the same region, and is a large owner of productive
lands on the project and much improved property in the little city he established.

He organized and was the first president of the First National Bank of Kelso,
Washington, the First National Bank at St. Johns, Oregon, and the Bank of Stanfield,
and is still actively interested in the little bank. He also helped organize the Scan-
dinavian Bank of Portland, now the State Bank of Portland, and was a vice president
therein, as well as a director in the Scandinavian Savings Bank of Astoria. He has
built many substantial edifices in Portland and elsewhere, including the magnificent
home at Twenty-fifth and Lovejoy, which he presented to his first wife.

Dr. Coe again married, March 25, 1915. His bride was Miss Elsie Ara Waggoner.
With her and his sons he lives in Laurelhurst, on Royal Court avenue, a quiet, con-
tented and happy life, at peace with all the world.

He is a great traveler and has been in almost every corner of the world. He
spends several weeks in Washington, D. C, each winter, and has enjoyed special honors
at the White House. Twice during the term of President Taft he was the dinner
guest of President and Mrs. Taft at the White House, while often before Dr. Coe was
the guest at the White House at the table of President Roosevelt. He is erecting a
bronze heroic equestrian statue to President Roosevelt in Portland to be completed
in 1921, by his sculptor A. Phimister Proctor. He is deeply interested in bronzes
the world over. He provided to the women of America, erecting the Sacajawea monu-
ment in the Portland City Park, the bronze therein— some two tons of metal.

Dr. and Mrs. Coe spent the summer of 1920 in travel in Europe, where Dr. Coe
went in study of mental and nervous diseases in soldiers one, two, three and four
years later after war service than could be done in America. Mrs. Coe went tor
travel and a study of the old masters in sculpture, bronze and painting.

George Clifford Coe was born in Mandan, North Dakota, in 1SS5, graduated from
Portland Academy, Belmont School and Stanford University and the Graduate School
of Harvard University; enlisted as a private in the medical section of the United
States Signal Corps, Camp Fremont, California, in May, 191S. Later was transferred
to the Fourth Officers Training Camp at Camp Zachary Taylor, Kentucky, and re-
ceived his commission as second lieutenant in field artillery and was assigned to the
Ammunition Train of the Thirteenth Division, where he trained troops at Camp Travis,
San Antonio, Texas. He is now manager of a blooded stock farm in Lovell. Maine.

Wayne Walter Coe was born at Portland, Oregon, In 1894. Graduated at Port-
land Academy and Oregon Agricultural College and attended the Graduate School of
Cornell University for one year. Enlisted as a private July 30, 1917, in Base Hospital
Unit, No. 46, at Portland, Oregon. Was transferred to Third Oflficers Training Camp,
Camp Lewis, Washington, January 5, 1918, successfully completing the course in field
artillery; promoted to sergeant and recommended for a commission. Sailed for Europe,
May 23, 1918, in a casual detachment. Detailed to Saumur Artillery School, France,
where he was commissioned as second lieutenant of field artillery. Transferred to the
Air Service and trained as aerial observer. Second Aviation Instruction Center, Tours,
France. Assigned to the Eighty-fifth Aerial Squadron, Toul Air Dome. November 5,

1918, and remained on active flying duty with his squadron until discharged in August,

1919. Later served in the army of occupation on the Rhine. He is now acting as
assistant to his father.

Earl Alphonso Coe was born at Portland, Oregon, in 1896. Graduated at Portland
Academy and after return from overseas at Oregon Agricultural College, enlisted in

HISTORY OF OREGON 39

the regular army September, 1917, as a private and was at once assigned to tlie Seven-
teenth Field Artillery, Battery B, then training at Camp Robinson, Wisconsin. He
sailed for France, December, 1917, and remained with this outfit of the Second Division
throughout their six campaigns, ending in the triumphant march to the Rhine, where
in the army of occupation he remained until mustered out in April, 1919. In 1920
he spent six months in, and graduated from a business college at Washington, D. C. He
is now, under civil service, an attache of the Market Division of the Agricultural
Department, Washington, D. C.

M. D. MORGAN.

M. D. Morgan, editor and lessee of the Harrisburg Bulletin, published at Har-
risburg, Linn county, was born in Dubuque, Iowa, May 16, 1876, a son of John and
Bertha (Moan) Morgan, the former a native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while the
latter was born in Norway. The father accompanied his parents on their removal
to Platteville, Wisconsin, and there followed the wheelwright's trade. He was an
honored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member of Company I, Tenth
Wisconsin Infantry, with which he served for two years, when he was discharged
on account of illness. On regaining his health he reenlisted, becoming a member
of Company I, Twenty-seventh Wisconsin Infantry, and served with that command
until the close of the war. He received a number of wounds and several times was
taken prisoner but succeeded in making his escape. At the close of hostilities he
returned to his Wisconsin home, but after a short time went to Dubuque, Iowa, where
his marriage occurred. In 1877 he went to Dows, Iowa, and opened a wagon shop,
continuing its conduct until ill health compelled him to retire. Coming to the
west in search of a brother, he reached the state of Oregon, and finding the mild
climate here to his liking, he took up his abode in Salem in 1904, there residing
until 1909, when he removed to Harrisburg, in which city he spent his remaining
days. He passed away April 30, 1915, and the motter survived him but a year, her
death occurring May 31, 1916.

M. D. Morgan was reared and educated in Dows, Iowa, and there learned the
printer's trade, which he followed in different parts of the country. Subsequently
he took up the study of telegraphy and for two years worked at that occupation, but
not finding it to his liking, he resumed his former trade of printer and on the 1st
of January, 1899, purchased the Renwick (la.) Times, which he operated for two
years and then sold. Purchasing the Butler County Tribune, published at Allison,
Iowa, he continued to conduct that paper for a period of six years and, then
decided to seek other fields of operation and came to Oregon, becoming connected
with the Statesman, issued at Salem, where he remained until July, 1908. His next
venture was in connection with the Harrisburg (Ore.) Bulletin, which he operated
until December 1, 1917, and then sold, purchasing a farm near Harrisburg, in Linn
county, but this investment did not prove a profitable one. He carried on his
farming operations entirely by tractor, but owing to continued drought his crops
proved a failure and he was obliged to abandon the project. He then went to Van-
couver, Washington, where he once more took up his former trade, becoming con-
nected with The Columbian, having charge of the job department and doing editorial
work. In June, 1919, he returned to Harrisburg and leased his old paper, the Bulle-
tin, which he has since conducted. He is thoroughly at home in this line of work,
owing to his long connection with newspaper interests, and he is making the Bulletin
a very readable and attractive journal, devoted to the interests of the community
which it serves and to the dissemination of home news. He has introduced the most
progressive methods in management and publication and has added to the substantial
reputation which the Bulletin has always enjoyed. Mr. Morgan is still the owner
of his farm near Harrisburg. It comprises one hundred and fourteen acres and
from its rental he derives a substantial addition to his income.

On the 20th of February, 1901, occurred the marriage of M. D. Morgan and
Miss Lola Irene Michael, and they have become the parents of eight children: Leland,
who assists his father in the publication of the Bulletin; Wayne, who is also con-
nected with the work of the paper; Genevieve, who is the second in order of birth;
and Joseph, Carroll, Donald, Irene and Edith.

Mr. Morgan gives his political allegiance to the republican party and has taken

40 HISTORY OF OREGON

an active interest in public affairs of his community, serving as a member of the
various town councils in the communities in which he has resided. Fraternally he
is identified with the Masonic order. He stands at all times for improvement in
everything relating to the development and upbuilding of the county along intellectual,
political, material and moral lines, and in his editorial capacity he is producing a
newspaper of much interest and value to the community in which he lives.

HENRY FAILING.

It was upon the 9th of June, 1S51, that Henry Failing arrived in Portland as a
passenger on the Steamer Columbia, then one of the fleet of the Pacific Steamship Com-
pany. Years later when Portland celebrated its carnival of roses when millions of the
beautiful queen of flowers had justly won for Portland the name of the Rose City, Henry
Failing could look back to that other June day, when with his father, Josiah Failing,
and his younger brother, John W. Failing, he made his way up the Columbia river
and on to the little town of three or four hundred population which at that time con-
sisted of only one or two streets bordering the Willamette, but which was destined to
become one of the great metropolitan and trade centers of the northwest. A fellow
passenger on the same ship was C. H. Lewis and for many years the two celebrated
the anniversary of their arrival in the city together. Great, indeed, was the contrast
in his condition when he became a resident of Portland to that which he had left in
the east, for he was not only a resident but a native of New York city. His birth
occurred January 17, 1S34, his parents being Josiah and Henrietta (Ellison) Failing,
of whom mention is made elsewhere in this work.

He received thorough educational training in his early youth but continued to
attend) school only until April, 1846. when at the age of twelve years he started out
in the business world as ofl^ce boy in the counting house of L. F. de Figanere & Com-
pany on Piatt street, in New York. The senior partner of the firm was a brother of
the Portuguese minister to the^ United States, while another member of the firm was
Mr. Rosat. a French merchant from Bordeaux. The house was patronized by many
French dealers of New York and while connected with the establishment Mr. Failing
was required to speak and to write the French] language with which he was already
familiar. He readily mastered business principles and became an expert accountant.
His next position was that of bookkeeper in the large dry goods jobbing house of Eno.
Mahoney & Company, the senior partner in this firm being Amos R. Eno. a New York
millionaire, who afterward told an intimate friend that it was one of the mistakes of
his business life that he did not make it more of an inducement for Henry Failing to
remain with him. However, the business association between the two men ripened
into a warm friendship that was terminated only by death. Mr. Failing applied him-
self with the utmost thoroughness to the mastery of every task assigned him and
to the work of acquainting himself with every modern business principle and thus
he had gained wide knowledge and valuable experience when he joined his father and
brother on the trip to the west, leaving New York on the 15th of April. 1S51. The
journey was made from New York to Chagres. Panama, whence they proceeded by boat
up the Chagres river and thence to Panama by mule train. On reaching the western
coast of the isthmus they took passage on the Steamer Tennessee, which eventually
brought them to San Francisco and as previously stated the 9th of June witnessed
their arrival in Portland. It was the intention of Henry Failing and his father to
engage in merchandising and they at once began the erection of a store building on
Front and Oak streets, where in due course of time tliey installed their stock sent to
them from the east. The father also became a prominent factor in the public life of
the little community and in the year following their arrival was elected a member of
the first city council of Portland and in 1853 became mayor. Following his father's
retirement from the business in 1864 Henry Failing continued the management of the
store alone, extending the scope of his activities to meet the changing conditions brought
about by the rapid growth of the city and consequent demands along mercantile lines.
He gained substantial success as a merchant and in 1869 became a factor in the banking
circles of Portland where he joined with his father, Josiah Failing, and the Hon. H.
W. Corbett in purchasing a controlling interest in the First National Bank from A. M.
and L. M. Starr, who had been prominent in the establishment of the bank in 1866.
Mr. Failing was continuously president of the bank from 1869 until his death and a

HENRY FAILING

HISTORY OF OREGOX 43

controlling spirit in the institution, which became one of the strongest moneyed con-
cerns of the northwest. He had no sooner assumed charge than the capital stock was
increased from one hundred to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, which sum was
doubled in 1S80, at which time the legal surplus and undivided profits amounted to more
than the capital stock of five hundred thousand dollars. Year after year extensive divi-
dends were paid to the stockholders and the bank became recognized as one of the
most prominent financial enterprises on the coast. In January, 1871, Mr. Failing and
Mr. Corbett also consolidated their mercantile enterprises, organizing the firm of Cor-
bett. Failing & Company, which maintained an existence for more than twenty-two
years.

A contemporary biographer has said of him: "Something of the cosmopolitan inter-
ests of Mr. Failing is indicated in the fact that not only was he one of the most dis-
tinguished and capable merchants and bankers of Portland, but was also equally active
in his efforts in behalf of political, intellectual and moral porgress. He believed it the
duty as well as the privilege of every American citizen to support through political
activity and by his ballot the measures that he deemed most beneficial to the community
and to the country at large. His position was never a matter of doubt. He stood loy-
ally for what he believed to be right and advocated a policy which he believed to be
both practical and progressive. He was made chairman of the state central committee
of the Union party, a combination of republicans and war democrats, who in 1862 car'-
ried Oregon for the Union. Two years later, when thirty years of age, he was chosen
mayor of Portland and his administration constituted an era of development, improve-
ment and reform in connection with Portland's affairs. During his first administration
a new city charter was obtained, a system of street improvements adopted and much
good work was done. So uniform was the endorsement of his first term that at his
reelection there were only five dissenting votes. In 1873 he was chosen for a third term
and as chief executive of the city he advocated and supported much municipal legisla-
tion, which is still felt in its beneficial effects in Portland. In 1885 he became a member
of the water committee and when that committee was organized was unanimously chosen
chairman, thus serving until his death. He was never bitterly aggressive in politics nor
indulged in personalities. He believed in the principles which he advocated and, there-
fore, supported them, but he allowed to each the right of individual opinion. His mar-
velous judgment and powers of exact calculation are well illustrated by his service as
chairman of the water committee. For many years he, substantially unaided, annually
made the estimates required by law of the receipts and expenditures of the committee
for the year next ensuing. These estimates are, under the varied circumstances neces-
sarily considered in making them, characteristic of him and some of them are marvels
of exactness. His estimate of the cost of operation, maintenance, repairs and interest
for the year 1893 was one hundred thousand dollars and the actual outlay was one
hundred thousand, two hundred and eleven dollars and ninety-one cents. His estimate
of receipts for the year 1892 was two hundred and forty thousand dollars and the
receipts actually collected were two hundred and thirty-seven thousand, three hundred
dollars and eighty-five cents. His estimate of the receipts for the year 1897 was two
hundred and thirty-two thousand dollars. The amount actually collected was two hun-
dred and thirty-one thousand, eight hundred and sixty dollars and ninety-five cents.
The magnitude of the task of making these estimates is emphasized when the fact is
considered that not only the fluctuations in the population of a large city must be con-
sidered, but climatic conditions anticipated and the amount of water consumed in
Irrigation based thereon; the amount of building and the volume of trade considered
and an estimate made of the water consumed in building and in the use of elevators.
These various sources of revenue were all carefully considered and estimates made
which were in excess of the actual income in but trifling amounts.

"Not only in the field of politics did Mr. Failing put forth effort that had direct bear-
ing upon the welfare of Portland but in many other ways his labors were of equal value.
No good work done in the name of charity or religion sought his cooperation in vain.
He gave freely and generously of his means and of his time to support beneficial public
projects. Chosen a regent of the University of Oregon he was made president of the
board and so continued until his death, which occurred November 8, 189S. He was also
a trustee and treasurer of the Pacific University, the oldest educational institution of
the state. He was a generous contributor to and active worker in the First Baptist
church of Portland and the Baptist Society, of which he long served as president. He
was the treasurer of the Children's Home and his heart and hand reached out in ready
sympathy and aid to all who needed assistance. He was associated with William H.

44 HISTORY OF OREGON

Ladd and H. W. Corbett in purchasing and laying out the grounds of Riverside ceme-
tery and the beautiful city of the dead is, as it were, a monument to his efforts in that
direction. He labored earnestly and effectively for the Portland Library Association,
of which he was president, and his benevolence and enterprise largely made possible
the erection of the library building. Coming to Portland in pioneer times, he lived for
forty-seven years to witness its growth and upbuilding. No duty devolving upon him
was neglected and no opportunity to aid his city was passed by heedlessly. He was still
serving as a member of the water commission at the time of his death and that com-
mittee prepared a lengthy memorial in his honor. In, every home of the city where
he was known — and his acquaintance was wide — the news of his demise was received
with sorrow and regret. He had attached himself closely to his fellow-townsmen, not
only by reason of his public activities but by those personal qualities which win warm
regard and enduring friendship. He was a man of fine personal appearance — an index
of the larger life and broader spirit within."

A few of the distinctive features of the character of Henry Failing have been
touched upon in passing. It is not for lack of individuality that the portraiture of his
life is difficult, but by reason of the very simplicity of his character. His development
was like that of the country, continuous and straightforward, and his every act con-
tributed to the growth of the city and state in which he lived. Like the flower that
unfolds in the sunlight opportunity brought forth the perfect blossom of his activity
and just as naturally. He impressed one as a man certain of his position. While a
most successful banker he was ever sympathetic and generous and of him it was said:
"It was not always easy for him to say no, but when he did speak his negative was
absolute." He was a cool observer and very deliberate in his judgment, but his deci-
sion was sharp and final. He was ever courteous though reserved and those who came
within the close circle of his friends found him cordial and most genial and kindly.
His speech was a counterpart of his demeanor, conservative and exact, and rather aimed
below than above the fullness of the facts. Although his early educational opportunities
were somewhat limited he ever remained a student and by general reading accumulated
a fund of information on various subjects far in excess of that possessed by the majority
of college bred men. His reading so kept pace with his study of men and affairs that
the combination made him a man of such wide knowledge and culture that few would
imagine that his schooldays ended when he was but twelve years of age. He was re-
markable for his familiarity with questions of national policy, particularly those of
finance and he was a prominent figure in banking circles in various parts of this coun-
try, nor was his name unknown in the financial circles of Europe. Wherever known
he was looked upon as a man most worthy of trust. It is true that his benefactions
were many and most generous, but of these he seldom spoke, for to him gifts lost their
flavor if heralded. What the history of Portland would have been without Henry
Failing it is impossible to imagine. The city in considerable measure stands as a
monument to his ability and none the less to that spirit which prompted him to recog-
nize the brotherhood of mankind and the obligations thereby imposed.

LEON V. JENKINS.

Leon V. Jenkins, the efficient chief of police of Portland, comes of honorable and
distinguished ancestry and actuated by the undaunted courage and spirit of determi-
nation which dominated his forbears he is adding new lustre to the family name.
Mr. Jenkins was born in 1879, a son of Webster and Sarah (O'Malia) Jenkins, the
former a native of New York state and the latter of Indiana. The maternal grand-
mother, Ann (Bates) Jenkins, was a granddaughter of Rufus Bates who defended
American interests as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, serving for seven years in
that conflict. He was one of the famous "Green Mountain boys" and in company with
eighty others volunteered to escort Ethan Allen on his secret expedition to capture
Fort Ticonderoga, being one of the six men who clubbed their muskets and battered
down the door which admitted Allen to the sleeping quarters of Commander La Place,
thus resulting in the capture of the fort. He was also in General Starke's command
and as a veteran of the Revolutionary war his name is recorded on the government
pension rolls. He was a Baptist minister and for sixty-two years engaged in preach-
ing the gospel, his labors being productive of much good. He attained the venerable
age of ninety-six years and was highly esteemed and respected by all who knew him.

HISTORY OF OREGON 45

Other progenitors of the family also rendered valuable services to their country as
Revolutionary war soldiers. Mr. Jenkins' great-great-grandfather in the maternal
line, George Bates, was born at Shaftsbury, Vermont, April 21, 1775, and reared a
family of twelve children, also becoming a man of prominence in his community.
At the age of six years Webster Jenkins, the father, removed with his parents to
Michigan during the period of its great activity as a lumbering centre and he became
identified with that industry. In young manhood he left Michigan and removed to
Estherville, Iowa, then at the age of eighteen enlisted and served during the Civil
war in the Seventh Iowa Cavalry for three years and four months as General Sully's
personal orderly, and subsequently made his way to the coast, going first to San
Francisco, California, and later to Portland, Oregon. He afterwards went to "Wash-
ington, taking up a preemption claim in the vicinity of Kalama and it was upon this
property that his son, Leon V., was born. While residing in that state he also became
the owner of sawmills and for years served as justice of the peace at Kalama, being
known as "Squire" Jenkins. In his later life he returned to Portland, where he
engaged in carpentering, being an expert workman. He passed away August 24, 1911,
having for seven years survived the mother, whose demise occurred August 31,
1904. Of their family four sons survive: Leon V., Elba S., Orlin C. and Roy.

Their son, Leon V. Jenkins, attended the common schools of Kalama, Wash-
ington, and Portland, Oregon, spending much of his boyhood in his father's saw-
mill and later pursued a commercial course in a business college of Portland. His
first position in the business world was that of office boy in a laundry and being
interested in that line of work he decided to learn the business. His faithfulness
and capability soon won him promotion and he advanced through various positions
until he at length became superintendent, serving in that capacity for various Port-
land laundries. His connection with the police force of the city dates from October
5, 1908, when he was appointed patrolman. He was most conscientious and faithful
in the discharge of his duties and soon won merited advancement, being made ser-
geant on the 1st of May, 1912, lieutenant on the 1st of December, 1916, captain on the
4th of May, 1917, and chief of police on the 4th of November, 1919, in which capacity
he is now serving. He is making an excellent record in office and has succeeded in
building up one of the best organized police departments in any city in the north-
west. He is a man of strict integrity, fearless in the discharge of his duties and
all law-abiding citizens feel that they are well protected while he is in office, for he is
determined to rid the city of crime and lawlessness and make Portland one of the
best governed cities in the northwest.

On the 20th of December, 1899, Mr. Jenkins was united in marriage to Miss
Kathryn Lucille Gushing, a native of Arapahoe, Nebraska, and they have become the
parents of a son, Raymond, now fifteen years of age, who is attending Hill's Military
Academy. In his political views Mr. Jenkins is a stanch republican, active in support
of the principles and candidates of the party. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and
is master of Mount Tabor Lodge, No. 42, also holding membership in the Shrine. His
record as a public official is a most creditable one and in every relation of life he
measures up to the highest standard of manhood and citizenship, standing today as
a splendid representative of the spirit of the American northwest.

THOMAS NELSON.

To many people in smaller communities and country districts the local newspaper
is not only a cheerful companion and interesting entertainer, but often friend and
adviser. A paper which possesses all of these qualifications is -the Junction City
Times, which under the able direction of Thomas Nelson has developed into one of the
best and most influential newspapers in this section of the state, its editorial policy
being consisl;ent and to the point.

Mr. Nelson was born in Young America, Illinois, April 16, 1870, a son of James
H. and Caroline (Snodgrass) Nelson, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter
of Illinois. In Illinois the father worked at his trade of plasterer, but attracted to
the west, he went to Colorado at an early period in the settlement of that state and
there followed his trade for many years. He was greatly interested in mining and
prospecting and devoted a large portion of his life to that pursuit. He was an
honored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member of the Tenth Illinois Infan-

46 HISTORY OF OREGON

try, with which command he served for a year and a half, when he was discharged
on account ot illness. The last years ol his life were spent with his son Thomas
and he passed away at Cambridge, Idaho, May 8, 1915. The mother, however, sur-
vives and is now residing in California.

Thomas Nelson pursued his education in the schools of Boulder, Colorado, later
attending the State University and also a business college. "While a student at the
university he learned the printer's trade and after completing his course he went to
California, where he worked at his trade for about a year. In 1888 he came to Oregon,
accepting the position of foreman on the Daily Reveille, published at Baker City,
with which he was connected for four years. On the expiration of that period he
went to Portland, Oregon, and for about eight months he was employed on the
Oregonian and then went to John Day, in the eastern part of the state, where he
established a paper of his own. After two years he sold out. going to Heppner,
Oregon, for a time working at his trade, but subsequently leased a plant, which he
operated for a year. From there he went to Pendleton, Oregon, and there conducted
a job office until 1896, when he purchased a paper at Cambridge, Idaho, continuing
its operation until 1919. His next removal took him to Eugene, where he ran a
job office until October, 1919, at which time he came to Junction City and pur-
chased the Junction City Times, which he is now managing. He has greatly improved
the plant, which at the time of his purchase was located in a small building. Moving
into a large modern building, he thoroughly revolutionized the plant, installing all
the latest presses and linotype machines and in fact every appliance to be found in the
most modern plants in the country. He has greatly increased the size of his paper,
changing it from a four to an eight-page publication, which is not only representative
of first-class typography but also excels on account of its terse style in setting forth
the news events of the section in which it circulates. Its local columns are full of
interest and the general news ot the world is clearly and completely given. The prin-
cipal policy of the Times has been to serve the public promptly and well and that
Mr. Nelson has succeeded Is evident from the large circulation which his publication
enjoys. All those who advertise in its columns tind it worth their while and con-
sider the investment for an advertisement in this paper a comparatively small outlay
which is many times redeemed by the assured returns.

On the 28th of May, 1916, Mr. Nelson was united in marriage to Miss Bertha
Watrous and they have become the parents of two children; Thomas Vardell, whose
birth occurred in February, 1917; and Eugene, Henry, born in May, 1919.

In his political views Mr. Nelson is a republican and his religious faith is indi-
cated by his attendance at and support of the Methodist Episcopal church. His fra-
ternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the United Artisans
and the Woodmen of the World and along the line of his profession he is identified with
the Typographical Union. Mr. Nelson's long connection with journalistic interests
has made him thoroughly familiar with every phase of newspaper publication and in
the management of the Times he is proving very successful. He is also the owner of
one of the best homes in the city and is classed with the substantial and representa-
tive citizens of his community. Mr. Nelson secured his education entirely through his
own efforts and is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished in life.
He is interested in all that has to do with public progress in the community or the
uplift of the individual and his aid and influence are always on the side of advance-
ment and improvement. He is a man of substantial worth, a splendid representative
of American manhood and citizenship.

CYRUS ABDA DOLPH.

Cyrus Abda Dolph, who lor many years was a distinguished member of the Port-
land bar and whose name to the time of his death was always found on the list of those
whose records reflected credit and honor upon the legal history of the state, was born
near Havana. Schuyler county. New York, September 27, 1840, his parents being Chester
V. and Elizabeth Vanderbilt (Steele) Dolph. The family name was originally De Wolf
but as the years passed underwent various changes until it flnally assumed the present
form during the French and Indian war. The first paternal American ancestor of
Cyrus A. Dolph was Balthazer De Wolf, who came to the new world about the middle
of the seventeenth century and settled in Connecticut, residing first in Wethersfield and

CYRUS A. DOLPH

HISTORY OF OREGON 49

later at Lyme. To him and his wife, Alice, was born a son, Edward, and through him
and his wife, Rebecca, the line of descent comes down through Charles and Prudence,
Joseph and Tabitha (Johnson), Abda and Mary (Coleman), Joseph and Elizabeth
(Norton), their son, Chester V. and Elizabeth Vanderbilt (Steele). In many ways the
family has been closely associated with America's history. Abda Dolph served in the
Revolutionary war with Colonel Whiting's New York troops. Another famous ancestor
of Cyrus A. Dolph was Governor Mayhew of colonial tame, who succeeded in settling
the difficulties with the Indians during King Philip's war. He was lord of Tisbury
Manor and became governor of, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, in 1674. Cyrus A.
Dolph was also a great-grandson of Jacob Vanderbilt, brother of the first Cornelius
Vanderbilt.

He obtained his education at Havana, New York, where he remained until 1862,
and in that year made his way to the Pacific coast in connection with his brother.
United States Senator Joseph N. Dolph. They settled in Portland, then a small town
of less than five hundred population. Mr. Dolph here took up the study of law and
in 1866 was admitted to the bar. His success in the practice of his profession was
marked from the beginning. He was early accorded a large clientage that constantly
Increased in volume and importance as the years passed. In 1869, without solicitation
on his part, he was nominated on the republican ticket for the office of city attorney.
While he accepted the office at that time he declined subsequent nominations for the
state general assembly and for the state senate and he even refused the high office of
circuit Judge of the ninth Judicial circuit, which was tendered him by President Benja-
min Harrison in 1891. His inflexible honesty brought him a most valuable clientage
from among those who appreciated the value of able and conscientious counsel. While
he was recognized as a strong and effective advocate in the work of the courts he was
best known as a counselor and was especially valued by men of large affairs whose
extensive and diversified interests called for the most expert legal guidance. Chief
among these men was Henry Villard, who appointed Mr. Dolph his personal attorney
In Oregon and the northwest and made him general attorney for all the corporations
which Mr. Villard controlled. Mr. Dolph served on the directorates of the various
important railway and subsidiary companies with which Mr. Villard was connected
and was intrusted with the duty of seeing that the great financier's policies were car-
ried out. The many important and intricate questions that arose during the early his-
tory of railroad construction and subsequent operation in Oregon and Washington were
handled by him with rare judgment and to the satisfaction of all parties concerned.
He was a director and the general attorney of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Com-
pany and the Oregon & California Railroad Company; was also consulting attorney in
Oregon for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company; was a director and for twelve years
president of the Northern Pacific Terminal Company of Oregon and thus became an
active factor in connection with the development and improvement of the railway sys-
tems of the northwest.

The law firm of which Mr. Dolph was a member was organized by him in 1873,
his associates being his brother, Joseph N. Dolph, Judge E. C. Bronaugh and Joseph
Simon. Upon the election of his brother to the United States senate and the retire-
ment of Judge Bronaugh in 1883, Cyrus A. Dolph became senior partner of the new firm,
in which he was connected with Judge C. B. Bellinger, Rufus Mallory and Joseph Simon.
Subsequently Judge Bellinger was elected to the federal bench and was succeeded in
the firm by John M. Gearin. This firm sent four members to the United States senate^
Joseph N. Dolph, John H. Mitchell, John M. Gearin and Joseph Simon — one to congress
and one to the federal bench. In personnel, in prestige and achievement it was per-
haps the most distinguished law firm on the Pacific coast. Mr. Dolph was generally
recognized as an exceptionally sound business man. His own business achievements
were by no means slight. He was instrumental in the organization of the Security
Savings & Trust Company, of which he served as a director, and of various other bank-
ing institutions. He was likewise attorney for a number of banks, though he sedulously
avoided public office. Nevertheless he was prominently active in every movement for
the welfare of the city and state and it was said of him by one who knew him well that
there was no great public enterprise inaugurated in Oregon during the forty years pre-
ceding his death with which he was not in one way or another connected. He was
president of the board of trustees of the Portland Library Association; was regent of
the University of Oregon; was a member of the Portland water committee, under whose
Jurisdiction were constructed the great waterworks for the city of Portland, and vice
president of the board of trustees of Reed College. Incidentally it may be mentioned

oO HISTORY OF OREGON

that he was the personal attorney of Mrs. Reed, drafted the will which gave the bulk
of her estate to Reed College and worked out with her the plans for that institution.

Mr. Dolph was also interested in a large number of philanthropic enterprises and
was president of the board of trustees of the Old Peoples Home, to which he devoted
a great deal of time and to which he rendered much substantial service. He was also
president of the board of trustees of the First Baptist church and was active and promi-
nent in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in the Masonic fraternity. There
is a striking unanimity in the estimate of Mr. Dolph's personality, character and attain-
ments as expressed by the men who were in a position to know him well. Judge Bellinger
once said of him: "He has in an unusual degree those qualities which distinguish the
safe lawyer from tlie showy one. Steadfast in his friendship, conservative in his jiidg-
ment when the conduct of others exposes them to censure, considerate of the feelings
of his fellows, scrupulously careful of the rights of those with whom he is brought into
business relations and conscientious in all that he does, he is deservedly held in high
esteem by all who know him." An identical view is presented in the memorial resolu-
tion of the Bench and Bar of Oregon: "No lawyer at the bar has received or merited
in greater degree the confidence of the people and his associates. In his domestic life
Mr. Dolph exemplified the same gentle qualities that endeared him to all who knew
him. His death has left vacant a large place at this bar. Cyrus A. Dolph was a good
man. a sound lawyer, a wise counselor and a faithful friend. As a man his ideals were
grounded upon the basic teachings of religion and his life conformed to those ideals
without being spectacular, ascetic, severe or dogmatic. As a lawyer he was quiet,
serious, careful, exact and safe — well trained in the great fundamental principles which,
guided by practical knowledge, made him an able adviser and wise counselor. He was
steady and abiding in his friendships and no one who ever enjoyed that relation with
him could, if worthy, fail of his support at all times or under any circtimstances. His
friendships were firm, genuine and lasting."

Mr. Dolph was married in Portland. Oregon. June 24, 1875, to Elise, daughter of
Charles Cardinell, of Portland, and they became the parents of four children: Joseph
Norton, Hazel Mills, William Vanderbilt and John Mather. The death of Mr. Dolph
occurred in Portland, June 22. 1914, when he w^as in the seventy-fourth year of his
age. Thus passed one whose worth was uniformly acknowledged by all who knew
him, one who had used his talents wisely and well, who had met every duty and every
obligation of life with the consciousness that comes from a right conception of things
and an habitual regard for what is best in the exercise of human activity.

ASAHEL BUSH.

Those forces which have contributed most to tlie development, improvement and
benefit of the state of Oregon received impetus from the labors of Asahel Bush, who
passed away at Salem on the 23d of December, 1913. He was distinctively a man of
affairs and one who wielded a wide influence. In every sphere of life in which he
acted he left an indelible impress through the attainment of his purpose and in all
that he undertook he was actuated by high ideals that sought the benefit of his home
locality or the state at large. He was no ordinary type of man. His strong personality,
quick and clear perception, energy and persistency of purpose, together with his sound
judgment, would have placed him in a position of leadership in any walk of life which
he chose to follow.

Mr. Bush was a native of the east. He was born in Westfield, Massachusetts.
June 4, 1824, a son of Asahel and Sally (Nobe) Bush, representatives of old and
prominent families of that section, who had settled there in the early part of the
seventeenth century. The father became a man of prominence in his community,
being frequently called to public offices, and he was widely known and highly respected.
. The homestead on which the son was born has been in possession of the family, in
direct line, for a century and a half and is now owned and occupied by one of the name.

In the pursuit of an education Asahel Bush attended the common school of the
neighborhood, later entering the village academy, where he remained a student until
his father's death, which occurred when he was but fifteen years of age. Soon after-
ward he abandoned his studies and went to Saratoga Springs, New York, where he
spent about three years in learning and working at the art of printing. He then went
to Albany, where for a few months he was connected \vith the state printing, also

HISTORY OF OREGON 51

receiving considerable insight into political affairs, and from there he proceeded to
Cleveland, Ohio, remaining in that city for about a year. As a striking contrast to
the present means of locomotion it may be mentioned that he made the trip from
Schenectady to Buffalo in a "line boat" of the Erie canal, occupying about a week on
the voyage. Cleveland was then but a village, and farther up the lakes were Racine
and Sheboygan, hopeful rivals of Chicago, then an aspiring young town, more noted for
its adhesive mud than anything else. Prom Cleveland Mr. Bush returned to his native
village, where he read law and also was engaged in editing the Westfield Standard from
January 24, 1849, until July 3, 1850, likewise filling the ofRce of town clerk, which he
resigned on leaving for Oregon in July of that year, going by way of the Isthmus of
Panama and arriving in Oregon City on the 30th of September.

Here he became prominent in political affairs, 'being chosen chief clerk of the house
of representatives, and soon won recognition as a leader among democratic members
of the legislature. During the session an act was passed creating the office of territorial
printer, to which he was easily elected by the legislature, and this office he continued
to hold by successive annual elections until the state was admitted to the Union. At
the general election in June, 1858, he was elected state printer on the democratic ticket
and held the office until the general election in 1864, when he was succeeded by Henry
L. Pittock.

On the 28th of March, 1851, he commenced the publication of the first distinctively
democratic paper in Oregon, the Statesman, being associated in the enterprise with the
democratic congressman from Oregon, Samuel R. Thurston, who aided in financing
the project and whose interests Mr. Bush subsequently purchased. For the next ten
years he conducted the paper with marked professional and pecuniary success, during
which time the government of Oregon was carried on by the Statesman and its friends,
sometimes called the "Salem Clique." This autocracy was not always as kind and con-
siderate of the dissatisfied and refractory among its subjects as might have been and
sometimes administered justice to them untempered with mercy. But it had one supreme
virtue; it generally kept shams and knaves out of office and never permitted or winked at
any peculation of public funds.

During his editorial career Mr. Bush performed a great deal of labor. He started
with empty pockets, but with willing hands and an active brain. Often he might have
been seen at the case setting up his saucy, trenchant, sinewy editorials and spicy,
pungent paragraphs, without copy. Industrious, temperate and economical beyond the
average of men, he gained on the world from the first issue of the Statesman. But,
though provident and thrifty in a marked degree, no taint of dishonesty or meanness
in business ever touched his name. He also maintained a constant correspondence with
the captains over tens and fifties and more, all over the territory, and by this means,
in conjunction with the columns of the Statesman, maintaned an almost autocratic
control over public affairs.

In the division of the democratic party in the presidential election of 1860, he
adhered to the Douglas wing and actively supported Stephen A. Douglas for president.
At the outbreak of the war he supported the Union cause and in 1862 was a member of
the convention of that year which put a Union state ticket in, the field. In that body
he successfully opposed the appointment of a state central committee, as looking to a
permanent organization, which he did not favor. At the succeeding presidential election
in 1864 he supported McClellan. Though a party man, he was liberal in his views and
would never cast his ballot in favor of a democratic candidate whom he did not consider
qualified for office. In 1861 he was a member of the board of visitors at the military
academy at West Point, his associates on the board being David Davis, afterwards a
justice of the supreme court and a United States senator, and also James G. Blaine,
then editor of the Kennebec Journal but not otherwise known to fame.

In the early '60s Mr. Bush was tor four years a silent partner in the mercantile firm
of Lucien Heath & Company at Salem and in 1868 he here engaged in banking in
association with William S. Ladd, subsequently acquiring Mr. Ladd's interest in the
business, which he continued under the old firm name of Ladd & Bush. He also became
well known in manufacturing lines, having milling interests at Salem, Oregon City
and Albina, Oregon.

In 1878 Mr. Bush accepted the appointment of superintendent of the penitentiary,
under the belief that the institution was costing the state more than it should, and for
four years continued to hold that office, accepting no salary for the first two years of
his service. He managed the institution as conscientiously as though it were his own
business, without reference to the "good of the party," and the result was that the

52 IIISTORV OF OREGON

expenses were reduced from one-fourth to one-half of what they had been in former
years. At the democratic convention in 1888 he was chosen chairman of the state
central committee and in this position he antagonized some of the "crumb-picking"
newspaper people by not subsidizing them tor the campaign. One of these said to him
seriously, as if the issue of the campaign depended upon it: "Mr. Bush, unless my paper
is supplied with money I am afraid it will die;" to which he replied: "I think then it
had better die," and the result was that it did.

In 1854 Mr. Bush was united in marriage to Miss Eugenia Zieber, a daughter of
John S. Zieber, a native of Pennsylvania, who came to Oregon In 1851 and was subse-
quently appointed surveyor general of the territory. Mrs. Bush possessed a very attrac-
tive and winning personality and was ever a faithful wife and devoted mother. She
died early in life, in the year 1863, leaving a family of four children, three daughters
and a son, to whose training and welfare the father was most devoted. His initiative
spirit and powers of organization brought him into prominent relations and his
success was due not only to his business talent but also to an unsullied reputation, which
he regarded as of more worth than all the power which wealth could buy. In every
relation he was true to high and honorable principles and never faltered in the choice
between right and wrong, always endeavoring to follow the course sanctioned by con-
science and good judgment. His work was at all times a source of benefit to the state
and in his passing Oregon lost one of its honored pioneers and foremost citizens — a
man who left the impress of his labors upon the northwest and its upbuilding.

His son, A. N. Bush, is a prominent banker of Salem, conducting the business
established by his father under the firm style of Ladd & Bush. He married Miss Lulu
M. Hughes, a daughter of John and Emma Pherne (Pringle) Hughes, honored pioneers
of this state. Mrs. Hughes was born in St. Charles, Missouri, October 13, 1838, her
parents being Virgil Kellogg and Pherne Tabitha (Brown) Pringle, the former a native
of Connecticut and the latter of Vermont. For generations the Pringle family were
residents of New England and the name was a most prominent and honored one in the
east. In 1846 Mr. and Mrs. Pringle came to Oregon over the old trail by way of Fort
Hall and the Applegate cut-off, being the first party to come on the cut-off, casting in
their lot with the pioneer settlers of Salem. Here Virgil K. Pringle lived until he
settled on a donation claim of six hundred and forty acres four miles southeast of the
town, but afterward again took up his residence in Salem, where for many years he was
prominently identified with business and public life. His wife was a woman of artistic
tastes, doing notable work in landscape and portrait painting when far advanced in years.
For forty-five years she was a highly respected resident of the South Salem hills and
her demise occurred in 1892.

Her daughter, Mrs. Hughes, came to Salem when eight years of age, residing with
her parents on the home farm, and during her schooldays she boarded with Father
Leslie. She would ride into town on horseback, remaining until the end of the week,
when she would return to the farm. Her education was acquired in the Oregon Institute
and on the 29th of July, 1857, she was married to John Hughes, who was for many years
a successful merchant of Salem. They became the parents of seven children, of whom
four survive. Mrs. Hughes possessed a kindly, sympathetic nature and was widely
known as the orphans' friend. She reared four orphans, two boys and two girls, and
practically reared three others. She was devotedly attached to her family and home
and hers was one of the most attractive and hospitable dwellings in Salem. A devout
Christian, she was for many years a leader in the First Methodist church of Salem,
usually entertaining the presiding bishop at her home during the church conference, when
it met in Salem. She had a most extensive acquaintance throughout Oregon and knew per-
sonally every governor of the state, including the present governor, Hon. Ben W. Olcott,
and she was also acquainted with Father McLaughlin. From Salem she removed to
Portland, where she resided for several years, and with the history of development and
improvement in the Willamette valley the name of the family has long been associated.
Mrs. Hughes passed away January 4, 1921, at the advanced age of eighty-two years,
and was laid to rest beside her husband in the cemetery at Salem, a large gathering
of friends and old settlers being present to pay tribute to her memory.

Her grandmother, Mrs. Tabitha (Foftatt) Brown, was one of the noblest women who
ever came to Oregon. She was a native of Massachusetts and following the death of
her husband she engaged in teaching school in Maryland and Virginia, subsequently
removing to Missouri with her family, which consisted of two sons and a daughter.
In the spring of 1846, when sixty-six years of age, she provided herself with a good ox
team and what seemed to her a sufficient amount of supplies for the trip and in com-

HISTORY OP OREGON 53

pany with her daughter and one son and also her brother-in-law, Captain John Brown,
started for Oregon. She made a great portion of the trip on horseback. This was a
most remarkable undertaking for a woman of her years, indicating her intrepid spirit
and dauntless bravery, and Mrs. Brown gives the following graphic description of her
journey across the plains:

"At Fort Hall three or four trains were decoyed off by a rascally fellow who came
out from the settlement in Oregon, assuring us that he had found a new cut-off and
that if we would follow him we would be in the settlement long before those who had
gone down the Columbia. This was in August. We yielded to his advice. Our suffering
from that time on no tongue can tell. We were carried hundreds of miles south of
Oregon into Utah and California, fell in with Klamath and Rogue Indians, lost nearly
all our cattle, and passed the Umpqua canyon, nearly twelve miles through. I rode
through in three days at the risk of my life, on horseback, having lost my wagon and
all that I had but the horse that I was on. Our families were the first to start through
the canyon, so that we got through the mud and rocks so much better than those who
followed." The canyon referred to by Mrs. Brown was the present famous Cow Creek
canyon, which within the past few years has been such a source of terror to the section
hands and train crews of the Southern Pacific Railroad. The canyon was strewn with
dead cattle, broken wagons, beds, clothing and everything but provisions, of which
commodity they were nearly all destitute. Winter had set in. To resume Mrs. Brown's
narrative: "Mr. Pringle and Pherne insisted upon my going ahead with Uncle John to
try to save our lives. They were obliged to stay behind a few days to recruit their cattle.
We divided the last bacon, of which I had three slices. I had also a cup full of tea, but
no bread. We saddled our horses and set off, not knowing whether we should see
each other again." Mrs. Brown was thus thrown entirely upon her own resources.
Captain Brown being too old to be of any assistance to her, and by evening they had
caught up with the wagons that had left camp that morning. The party had had nothing
to eat and their cattle had given out. The following morning Mrs. Brown divided her
food with them and started out to overtake the three wagons ahead. They saw but two
Indians in the distance. Captain Brown became dizzy and later delirious and fell from
his horse, and with great difficulty they proceeded until night overtook them and the
rain. Dismounting from her horse, which had never been ridden by a woman before and
which she experienced considerable difficulty in managing, Mrs. Brown made a lean-to
from her old wagon sheet, which she had used under her saddle, and assisted Captain
Brown to reach this improvised camp, covering him as best she could and fearing that he
would pass away before dawn. As soon as daylight appeared she saddled the horses,
assisting the old captain to his feet, and Just when they were about to renew their
journey a man from the wagons ahead came up, saying that he had been in search of
venison and that the wagons were but a half mile beyond. This small party traveled
on and at the foot of the Calapooya mountains the children and grandchildren of Mrs.
Brown joined them. They were many days in crossing the snow-covered mountains,
not being able to advance more than a mile or two each day. By this time their supply
of venison had become practically exhausted and Mr. Pringle set out on horseback for
the nearest settlement. Mrs. Brown relates: "Through all my suffering on the plains,
I not once sought relief by the shedding of tears, nor thought we would not live to
reach the settlements."

On Christmas Day, at two o'clock in the afternoon, Mrs. Brown entered the house of
the Methodist minister in Salem, "the first house," she relates, "I had set my feet in
in nine months. For two or three weeks of my journey down the Willamette I had
felt something in my glove finger which I supposed to be a button." This she found
was a six-cent piece and a quarter, her entire cash capital, with which she purchased
two needles, and traded off some old clothing to the squaws for buckskin, which she
worked into gloves for the ladies and gentlemen of Oregon, realizing about thirty dollars
from the sale of her handiwork. At a later period she accepted an invitation from Mr.
and Mrs. Clark to spend the winter with them on the Tualatin plains, which is now the
site of the city of Forest Grove. On arrivng there she saw the necessity of some sort of
school and at once proposed to use the log "meeting house" for such purposes, offering
her services as teacher without special compensation other than her expenses, which
were met by the patrons of the school, those who were financially able to do so paying
one dollar per week, which included board, tuition, washing, etc. Mrs. Brown agreed
to teach this school for a year free of charge, securing as her assistant a well educated
lady who was the wife of a missionary. The neighbors had collected broken knives and
forks, tin pans and dishes which they could spare to equip this pioneer boarding school

.VI lllSTOKV (»K OUI'dON

nml in Mnrch, 1848, the school wns opened. In the following summer the number o(
pupils hiid Increased to thirty, ranging In age from tour to twenty-one years, and a
lionrding house whs erected for the pupils, who did all the work but the washing. Mrs.
Urown thus became the founder of what was later developed into one of the leading
schools of Oregon, the racillc University of F'orest Grove, and her work along educational
lines was of Inestimable value to the state. She passed away in the late "SOs at the age
of eighty years, one of the most widely known and well beloved women the state has
ever known. Hers was a noble, self-saeriflcing life, devoted to the service of others,
and her name is deeply engraved upon the pages of Oregon's history as one whose
labors were of untold value in promoting the educational and moral upbuilding of the
state. She was truly cast In heroic mold— a worthy type of that noble band of pioneer
men and women of Oregon to whom the present generation owes a debt of gratitude
which can never be fully repaid. It will thus be seen that Mrs. Bush is a representative
of one of the oldest and most honored pioneer families of the state and she has every
reason to feel proud of her ancestry, displaying in her own life the many admirable
(luallties of her forbears. She is actively and helpfully interested in all that pertains
to public progress and development and is held In the highest esteem by a wide circle
of friends. Mrs. Hush has in her possession the marriage banns of her great-great-grand-
mother, which were published at Brimfleld, Massachusetts. November SO. 1799, an
heirloom to which she attaches great value.

THKOnOUK HfKNEY WllA'OX.

The history of Theodore Uurney Wilcox, now deceased, is the story of earnest
endeavor, guided by sound judgment and crowned by successful achievement. It is
a trite saying that there is always room at the top, but to comparatively few does
this condition seem to act as a stimulus tor business effort. In the case of Mr. Wilcox,
however, he realized that progress and sncoeps lay before him if he was willing to
pay the price of earnest. self-<ienylng effort. Throughout his entire career he fully
utUiKed his opportunities and each day in his active life marked off a fuU-faithed
attempt to know more and to grow more, so that in the course of years he reached
a point of leadership as the principal stockholder of the Portland Flouring Mills
Company, the owners of the largest flour milling enterprise on the Pacific coast.

Mr. Wilcox was born at Agiiwam. Massachusetts, a little New England village,
on the Sth of July. 1S56. and was a direct descendant of David Wilcox, who was the
village physician of Hebron. Connecticut, and who had come from Wales in 1635, his
brother having been one of the original settlers of Hartford. Connecticut. The an-
cestral line was traced down to Henry S. Wilcox, who was also born in Massachusetts,
and who there married Surah Burney. a daughter of Thomas Buriiey. who came to the
I'nited States from the north of England about 1S20 and settled in Webster. Massa-
chusetts. The death of Henry S. Wilcox occurred in the Old Bay state in 190S. when
he was eighty-seven yeai-s of age. while his wife departed this lite in 1901 at the
age of seventy-five. They were the parents of a son and two daughters and through
the periixl of his boyhood and youth this son, Theodore B. Wilcox, remained under
the p!»rental rcnit. attending the public schools to the age of sixteen years.

Starling out in the business world he was first employed in the Hampden National
Bank at Westfield. Massachusetts, and that he proved both capable and loyal is indi-
cated in the tact that in 1S77. when Asahel Bush of the Bank of Liidd & Bush of
Salem. Oregon, and also a native of Massjichusetts. found him in the Hampden Bank
at Westfield he offered him a position in the Ladd & Tilton Bank of Portland. The
offer was accepted and thus the young man became identified with the Rose City. He
wntinued to act as teller in the Ladd & Tilton Bank until 1SS4. when he became con-
fidential man to W. S. Ladd. ix-cupying that position until 1S93 and remaining as
confidential adviser to Mr. Uidd's sons until the end of 1S94. He then terminated
his connection with the bank that he might give his undivided attention to the develop-
ment of his flour manufacturing interests. Ten years before, or in 1SS4, he had
organiieil the Portland Flouring Mills Company, taking over several properties then
largely in bankruptcy. These different enterprises he combined and reorganized,
putting them upon a paying basis. The stock of the company was held by Mr. Wilcox
and the lj>dd estate, the former becoming general manager, with W. S. Ladd as
president of the company. Ipon the death of the latter in January. 1S9S. Mr. Wilcox

THEODORE B. WILCOX

HISTORY OF OREGOX 57

was elected to the presidency and for many years thereafter concentrated his efforts
and attention upon the further development and enlargement of the business until he
made it the foremost enterprise of its kind in the northwest. Ere his death a biog-
rapher wrote of him concerning his business career: "Coming of a family that for
generations has been connected with manufacturing interests, he has always been a
believer in the efficacy of manufacturing enterprises as a potent factor in the develop-
ment of a community and with this principle in mind two aims have been predominant
in his work: to make the Portland Flouring Mills one of the largest and best institu-
tions of the kind in the world; to promote the upbuilding of the northwest through
the benefits that must accrue by the development and conduct of a large and success-
ful enterprise. From insigniflcent proportions the business has steadily grown until
it is today the most extensive of the kind on the. Pacific coast, with a daily output
of over ten thousand barrels. Oregon flour bearing the name of Portland has been
carried to all parts of the world, from the Amur river to the Cape of Good Hope,
and from Alaska to Cape Horn, to all the Pacific islands and to various European
ports. Through this development of the flour trade and the introduction of the output
into all parts of the world and through the opening of new markets into which other
millers have also sent their products, the interests of the farmers of the northwest
have been greatly enhanced, their products commanding better prices, whereby the
general prosperity has been greatly promoted. At a banquet given in Portland In
honor of J. J. Hill, some time before his death, Mr. Hill, the railway magnate, said:
'Mr. Wilcox has done more than any other man in Portland through the fame of the
institution of which he is the head to develop the commerce of the Columbia river
and gain recognition for the northwest throughout the world." Having spent his early
life in the banking business Mr. Wilcox has always continued in more or less close
connection with financial affairs and is interested in several of the leading banking
institutions of the northwest, together with various other enterprises of Portland
and the state. His success finds its root In his power as an organizer and his ability
to unite varied and ofttimes seemingly diverse interests into a unified and harmon-
ious whole. His initiative spirit has prompted him to continue beyond the paths
that others have marked out into new fields where his intelligently directed efforts
and appreciation of opportunity have resulted in successful achievement."

Not alone did Mr. Wilcox confine his attention to the manufacture of flour. He
became extensively interested in Portland realty and was the owner of a number of
the splendid business houses of the city. He was also a stockholder and director of
the Pacific Coast Steamship Company, a stockholder in the United States National
Bank and a stockholder and director of the Ladd & Tilton Bank. His sound Judgment
and his cooperation were eagerly sought by business men who recognized their worth
and always profited by his opinion. Whatever he undertook constituted an element
in public progress as well as individual success. He was keenly interested in the
development of the Columbia river for commercial purposes and realizing the im-
portance of making Portland an ocean port Mr. Wilcox urged and solicited a govern-
ment appropriation for removing the bar at the mouth of the Columbia river, thus
allowing the largest ocean going vessels to reach the Portland docks and for several
years he was the president of the Port of Portland Commission. For many years he
did most earnest and effective work as a member of the Portland Commercial Club
in advancing the interests of the city, extending its trade relations and maintaining
high civic standards. For six years he served as chairman of the executive committee
of the organization. He also was prominent in organizing the Oregon Development
League, acting as president for several years, the aim of which was the encourage-
ment of the different communities throughout the state to advertise their own sections.
This movement resulted in the formation of more than a hundred different organiza-
tions, all working along the same lines.

Mr. Wilcox was twice married. A son of hfs first marriage survives — Raymond B.,
whose mother passed away many years ago. On the 18th of June, 1890, Mr. Wilcox
was married to Miss Nellie Josephine Stevens, a daughter of William and Laura (Pease)
Stevens, of Massachusetts. Mrs. Wilcox was a teacher in her early days and is a
lady of refined and beautiful character. By her marriage she became the mother of
two children: Theodore Burney, a graduate of Yale, who is now in the Ladd & Tilton
Bank; and Claire, who is the wife of Cameron Squires, also connected with the same
bank.

While Mr. Wilcox became a recognized leader in business circles in the northwest
and in support of many plans and projects for the public welfare he never sought nor

58 HISTORY OF OREGON

desired political office, yet he was frequently solicited to become a candidate for gov-
ernor and United States senator. While he declined to accept public office his aid
and cooperation could at all times be counted upon to further any legitimate public
interest having to do with the welfare and advancement of community, commonwealth
or country. In 1909, when a thoroughly reliable and influential man was needed In
the Portland water board — a man upon whom would largely devolve the responsibility
of investing the three million dollar funds appropriated for doubling the water supply,
he was urged to accept that trust and did so. He was one of the executive committee
of the Lewis & Clark Exposition and his keen business discernment constituted an
important factor in its success. The nature and magnitude of his work in public and
private connections constituted a factor of Portland's promotion, power and prominence
and he was justly classed with the foremost citizens of the northwest. He passed
away on the 31st of March, 1918, at the age of sixty-two years, but ere the close of his
career he had rendered signal service to his country in connection with the conditions
arising out of the World war. He was chosen milling commissioner immediately after
the passage of the food bill by congress in the fall of 1917 and the organization of
the federal grain corporation. One who knew him well in writing of him said with
reference to this appointment: "The appointment was in direct recognition of his
unquestioned ability and sound knowledge of grain and milling conditions through-
out the northwest. With a genius tor organization, his milling industry became a
smoothly coordinated business of vast proportions, sending its output to the ports
of all the world. Oregon flour became known wherever bread is baked and the natural
stimulus to grain growing in this state and others of the Pacific coast region created
a new and undreamed of prosperity. Mr. Wilcox was always active in the affairs of
the Portland Chamber of Commerce, serving a term as president and retaining a
place on the board of directors until his death. He was a life member of the Multnomah
Amateur Athletic Club and also belonged to the Arlington Club and the Waverly Club.
He had no fraternal affiliations. In spiritual affairs he was a communicant of the
First Presbyterian church. Theodore Burney Wilcox was a master builder — a man of
magnificent vision — never a dreamer. He was a practical man but one who keenly
understood the power of the ideal. He had a rare grasp of the perspective and in
the furthering of an accepted plan, which was always thoroughly thought out, he
was like the driving wheel of an engine in his execution. He had the courage of his
convictions and though in his keen business sense he was as strong as steel, there
was an essential softness in his soul that but few were privileged to know. He was
an inspiration and counselor to many young men starting out in life and was always
ready with his energy and other means to assist in any worthy cause. At a time of
life when he wished to conserve his energies and enjoy the fruits of his many years
of labor and success in partial retirement on a newly developed farm, the call to duty
in the great war threw him more closely than ever into the harness of affairs and
as chairman of the federal milling division of the Pacific northwest he closed his
career. In the pursuit of this work it was necessary to make frequent trips across the
continent and on the 6th of March, though ill at the time, in response to a sense of
duty, he insisted upon taking what proved to be his final trip, as he was stricken on
the train. During his last days at home the beauties of his soul were laid bare to
those near him to an extent that they had never recognized before." The story of
his life is cherished by all who knew him and his memory enshrined in the hearts of
those who came within the close circle of his friendship.

LEWIS W. KINZER.

Lewis W. Kinzer was for over four decades one of the progressive and enterprising
agriculturists of Linn county but since 1916 has lived retired, leaving the active operation
of the farm to the capable management of his son, John W. Kinzer. Although he has
passed the seventy-first milestone on life's journey, he is remarkably well preserved and
appears to be a man of fifty. Mr. Kinzer was born in Des Moines county, Iowa, in
June. 1849. his parents being Lewis and Louisa M. (Wolf) Kinzer. the former a native
of Ohio, while the latter was also born in Des Moines county. Iowa. The father removed
to Iowa at an early period in the development of that state and for a short time resided in
Des Moines county. He had previously been a resident of California, whither he had gone
in quest of gold, but not meeting with success in his venture he returned to the interior

HISTORY OF OKEGOX 59

of the country and for a time made his home in Iowa. Once more he started for the
west and with ox teams crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in Linn county, where
he purchased land near the present site of the town of Crabtree, becoming the owner
of three hundred and twenty acres. This he improved and developed and was active
in its management throughout the remainder of his life. He died about 1S70 at the
comparatively early age of forty-nine years, while the mother, surviving him for a
quarter of a century passed away about 1895, when sixty-seven years of age.

Lewis W. Kinzer has passed practically his entire life within the borders of this
state, for he was but a year and a half old when brought by his parents to Oregon.
He pursued his education in the district schools and remained at home until he at-
tained his majority, when he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of the old home
farm, devoting his energies to its further development and improvement for many
years. His well directed labors and progressive methods were rewarded by a sub-
stantial measure of success and he became the owner of a most valuable property,
continuing active in its conduct until 1916, when he suffered a paralytic stroke, since
which time his son, John W. Kinzer, has capably directed the work of the farm.

On the 6th of June, 1875, Mr. Kinzer was united in marriage to Miss M. Ellen
Arnold, who was born near Brownsville, Oregon, April 2, 1857, and is a daughter of
Isaac and Priscilla (Hannah) Arnold, the former a native of Ohio and the latter
of Iowa. The father followed farming in the Hawkeye state until 1852, when he
started for Oregon, becoming one of its early pioneers. Settling in Linn county, he took
up land two miles from the present site of the town of Brownsville and this he
cleared and developed for five years, when he sold that ranch and purchased land
four miles east of Scio. This he continued to cultivate throughout the remainder of
his life, passing away May 3, 1883, when seventy-three years of age. The mother
survived him tor seven years, her death occurring May 12, 1890, when she had at-
tained the age of sixty-seven years. To Mr. and Mrs. Kinzer were born three chil-
dren: John Wesley, the eldest, is now operating the home farm, upon which he
resides. He married Rose Belyeu and they have two children, Lyle K. and Reta D.;
Letha E. married Benjamin Franklin Carman and they reside at Eugene, Oregon;
Lizzie E. became the wife of W. 0. Wimmer and passed away in November, 1918,
a victim of the influenza epidemic.

In his political views Mr. Kinzer Is a republican and his wife is a member of the
Baptist church. He is not affiliated with any fraternal organizations but through his
membership in the Grange he has ever kept in touch with the most advanced and
scientific methods of farming. His present success is the result of his former years
of indefatigable effort, enterprise and thrift and in the section where his lite has been
passed he is widely known and universally honored.

PRINCE LUCIAN CAMPBELL.

Prince Lucian Campbell, president of the University of Oregon since 1902, was
born in Newmarket, Missouri, October 6, 1861, his parents being Thomas Franklin
and Jane Eliza Campbell. The father, too, was a well known educator who was
president of the Christian College at Monmouth, Oregon, from 1869 until 1882.

Dr. Campbell of this review won his Bachelor of Arts degree upon graduation
from Christian College in 1879. He afterward became a Harvard student and the
university at Cambridge conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1886.
From Pacific University he received the LL.D. degree, as he did also from the Uni-
versity of Colorado. He entered the teaching profession in 1879 in connection with
Christian College, where he remained for three years or until 1882. In 1890 he was
called to the presidency of the Oregon State Normal School and there remained for
twelve years or until 1902, when he was elected to the presidency of the University
of Oregon and has continued at the head of the institution, covering a period of nine-
teen years. It would be tautological in this connection to enter into any series of
statements showing him to be a man of broad scholarly attainment and one of the
eminent educators of the northwest, for this has been shadowed forth between the
lines of this review. Those who know aught of his professional career recognize the
high standards that he has always maintained and the advanced ideals which he has
ever followed.

Aside from his professional activities Dr. Campbell was president of the Polk

60 HISTORY OF OREGON

County Bank from 1892 until 1905, since which time he has concentrated his attention
upon the profession which he chose as a life work. He is a representative of the
National Association of State Universities on the American Council on Education.
His religious faith is that of the Christian church.

WILLIAM WICK COTTON.

The great part which William Wick Cotton took in the industrial and commercial
development of the northwest is reflected to a considerable extent and is available in
permanent and tangible form in the record and in the history of the great transporta-
tion company — the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company of which he was so import-
ant a factor for nearly thirty years. Throughout this period he was the secretary and
attorney for the company, the success of which is attributable in large measure to his
sound judgment and progressive methods. Withall he was a man of kindly deeds who
recognized and met the duties and obligations of life not merely from a sense of duty,
however, but because of his deep interest in his fellowmen, based upon broad humani-
tarian principles.

While Mr. Cotton was born in the great empire of the west this side of the
Mississippi, much of his early life was spent on the Atlantic seaboard. He first opened
his eyes to the light of day at Lyons, Iowa, December 13, 1859, his parents being Aylett
R. and Laura (Wick) Cotton, the former a descendant of John Cotton who came from
Barnston, England, to Boston, Massachusetts, in 1633. Aylett R. Cotton was a lawyer
and judge in Iowa. William Wick Cotton's early educational training was received
from his mother and he was then sent to the east, where he entered the Pennsylvania
State Norma! School at Millersville, from which he was in due time graduated and
then taught for a time in the same institution. He afterward became a law student of
Columbia University of New York and there completed his course in 1882, during which
he read law in the offices of John F. Dillon, chief counsel of the Union Pacific Railroad.
He was admitted to the bar of New York state and there began his practice. He
displayed special aptitude in his studies and after several years of practical applica-
tion of the lessons which he had learned under some of the greatest instructors of the
country, he became in 1SS7 assistant to the general solicitor of the Union Pacific Rail-
way Company at Omaha, Nebraska.

The year 1SS9 witnessed the arrival of Mr. Cotton in Portland, at which time he
was made general attorney for the Pacific division of the Union Pacific Railway Com-
pany and when the line passed into the control of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company he became connected with the latter organization. He was widely recognized
on the Pacific coast as a brilliant lawyer and in 1901 was appointed as an associate of
Judge C. B. Bellinger of the United States district court, to prepare a new edition of
the laws and codes of Oregon and with marked ability discharged the duties of that
appointment. His chief life work, however, was in connection with the Oregon Rail-
road & Navigation Company of which he was made attorney and secretary. In 1915 he
was named to direct valuation of the Union Pacific and its affiliated lines. In these
connections he bent his powers to constructive effort and administrative direction,
while his comprehensive knowledge of the law enabled him to pass upon every in-
volved and intricate legal point. In 1905 he was appointed by President Roosevelt
United States district judge for the district of Oregon which he accepted but later
resigned.

On the 29th of August, 1888, Mr. Cotton was married to Miss Fannie R. Colling-
wood, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and for nearly thirty years they traveled life's
journey most happily together, being separated by the hand of death on the 13th of
March, 191S.

Mr. Cotton was a well known clubman of Portland, belonging to the Arlington,
Commercial, University and Waverly Golf Clubs. His political endorsement was given
to the republican party, yet he was never active in politics as an office seeker. He pre-
ferred that Ills service to mankind should be of a different character and it is said
of him that lie was instrumental in aiding many young men now prominent members
of the Oregon bar in making their first step across the legal threshold. His assistance
was most quietly and unostentatiously given but proved him the friend indeed. His own
boyhood had largely been a period of strife against obstacles and difficulties and he
realized just what timely assistance would mean to others. Through his own inherent

WILLIAM W. COTTON

HISTORY OF OREGON 63

force of character and developing powers he had risen to a place preeminent among
the attorneys of the northwest and was one of the most widely quoted and consulted
legal figures of the railway world.

Mr. Cotton largely turned to agricultural interests for recreation and relaxation.
He became the owner and operator of three farms in the vicinity of Portland, one of
these being at Gresham, where he maintained his country home, one at Newberg and
one on Bachelder's island, in the Columbia river. He was especially interested in
dairying and took a leading part in organizing the Oregon Dairymen's League, acting
as directing adviser. He indeed made valuable contribution to the advancement and
progress of the northwest and the record which he left is both tangible and prominent.
His life was fraught with good deeds, with considerate actions toward others and by
charity quietly bestowed. During the European war he was made the head' of the
railway valuation committee in Portland and he stood for all those forces which con-
tributed to the successful prosecution of the war. Wherever William Wick Cotton was
known he is spoken of in terms of the highest regard. His life in every respect measured
up to advanced standards and the world is better for his having lived. At the time
of his demise he was the president of the Boy Scouts of Portland.

GEORGE E. MARTIN.

George E. Martin, manager of the Telephone Register, a weekly paper issued at
McMinnville, was born in New Boston, Wayne county, Michigan, December 19, 1877,
a son of Amos and Jane (Rosencrans) Martin, natives of Massachusetts. In an early
day the father went to Michigan and there followed farming until 1891, when he
came to the west, settling in Clackamas county, Oregon, where he purchased a small
tract of land, and this he continued to cultivate until his death, which occurred in
October, 1911, while the mother passed away in June, 1914.

George E. Martin was reared in Wayne county, Michigan, where he attended the
public schools, and his high school course was pursued at Oswego, Oregon. After
completing his education he learned the printer's trade, which he followed in Hillsboro,
Oregon, for three years. He arrived in McMinnville in 1900 and here found employ-
ment with the Telephone Register, of which he became proprietor at the end of two
years, continuing to operate the plant for a period of seven years, when he sold
the enterprise. He still continued with the paper, however, in the capacity of manager
and in February, 1921, repurchased the plant, which he has since operated. He has
added many improvements in the way of machinery and presses and now has one
of the most modern and best equipped newspaper plants in the state. The Telephone
Register is a weekly of high standing, filled with good reading matter and enjoying
a large circulation. Mr. Martin is conducting his publication as an independent re-
publican paper and has made it the champion of every measure and movement
calculated to upbuild the town and promote the growth of the surrounding district.

On the 31st of December, 1900, Mr. Martin was united in marriage to Miss Nena
Nicklin, and they have become the parents of two children, G. Alphadine anJ E. Dale,
both of whom are attending school.

In his political views Mr. Martin is an independent republican, and fraternally
he is identified with the Knights of Pythias. He takes an intelligent interest in
public affairs, and his work as a progressive newspaper man contributes to the
development of the district in which he is located. He is one of the enterprising and
public-spirited citizens of Yamhill county, widely known and highly respected.

ALLEN E. FROST.

Allen E. Frost, owner and publisher of the Benton County Courier, issued at
Corvallis, was born in Athens county, Ohio, October 27, 1872. a son of David G. and
Ruth A. (Stout) Frost, also natives of Ohio. The father followed farming and car-
pentering in the Buckeye state. In 1891 he came west to Oregon, taking up his abode
in Oregon City, where he continued to follow his trade throughout his remaining
years. He was an honored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member of Com-
pany B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, with which he served for three

04 HISTORY OF OREGON

years, participating in many hard-fought battles and enduring hardships and priva-
tions in order that the Union might be preserved. He passed away in 1902 at the
age of seventy-two years, and the mother's demise occurred in 1905, when she had
also attained the age of seventy-two.

Allen E. Frost attended school in Ohio and Kansas, his parents having resided
for two years in the Sunflower state. On completing his studies he began learning
the printer's trade, finishing his apprenticeship at Oregon City, Oregon, whither
he had removed with his parents in 1891. He followed his trade in the employ of
others until 1911, when he started in business on his own account, purchasing an
interest in a paper at Oregon City, with which he was connected until the 15th of
March, 1915, when he disposed of his interest in that publication and removed to Cor-
vallis, purchasing the Benton County Republican. This he is now conducting under
the name of the Benton County Courier and has greatly improved the plant, installing
two linotype machines and all the latest presses, his equipment being modern in every
particular. He has made the Courier a readable and attractive journal, devoted to the
welfare of the district. Its news is always accurate and reliable and it has there-
fore become popular with the general public, having an extensive circulation.

On the 5th of June, 1901, Mr. Frost was united in marriage to Miss Alice G.
Andrews, and they have become the parents of two children, namely: Melville Eugene,
who was born February 24, 1903; and Dorothy Loretta, born September 9, 1908.

In his political views Mr. Frost is a democrat, and fraternally he is identified
with the Woodmen of the World, while Mrs. Frost belongs to the Women of Woodcraft.
In religious faith he is a Presbyterian and he is much interested in the work of the
church, serving as one of its elders. He is publishing the Courier in accordance
with the most progressive ideas of modern journalism, and in his editorial capacity
he is contributing in substantial measure to the development of the district in which
he is located, standing at all times for improvement in everything relating to the
upbuilding and advancement of the county along intellectual, political, material and
moral lines. He is accounted one of the progressive men of his community and is
highly esteemed by all who know him.

WILLARD L. MARKS.

Willard L. Marks, attorney at law and member of the well known law firm of
Hill & Marks, with offices in the Cusick Bank building at Albany, was born near
Lebanon, in Linn county, Oregon, June 25, 1883, a son of James M. and Mary P.
(Blain) Marks, natives of Indiana. The father crossed the plains to Oregon in com-
pany with his parents in 1852 and took up a donation land claim near Lebanon.
The mother came to this state with her parents in 1848, being at that time but four
years of age. Her father was a minister of the Presbyterian church and later
became one of the founders of the United Presbyterian church. Upon coming to this
state he first located in Oregon City, where he became editor of the Oregon Spectator,
which was the first newspaper published west of the Rocky Mountains. Not long
afterward he removed to Linn county and established a church and school at Union
Point, in the vicinity of Brownsville. He died at Albany many years ago. James
M. Marks, the father of Mr. Marks of this review, traded the donation land claim
near Lebanon, which he had acquired on first coming to this state, for other land in
that vicinity and this farm he operated for many years. He was one of the leaders
in religious and educational affairs in his community and became one of the founders
of the First Presbyterian church at Lebanon. He at length removed to Albany, where
he resided for some time, and subsequently went to California, where he passed away
in 1914, when nearly eighty years of age. The mother, however, survives and is now
residing in Napa, California.

Willard L. Marks was reared and educated in Linn county. Oregon. He attended
the public schools at Lebanon and at Albany and later entered Albany College, from
which he was graduated with the class of 1904. While a student there he not only
won scholastic honors and was a member of the college debating team but was
prominent as an athlete and was a member of the track team which won the state
championship in 1903. He also served as president of the old Collegiate Athletic
League of Oregon. He met most of the expenses of his academic education by doing
newspaper work and in addition to doing his school work served as city editor of the

HISTORY OF OREGON 65

Albany Daily Herald during most of his senior year in college. After completing
his college course he engaged in newspaper work and was for a year a reporter on the
Portland Telegram. In 1906 he became chief deputy county clerk of Linn county and
four years later was elected county clerk, being the first candidate for public office
in Linn county ever nominated on both the republican and democratic tickets. He
rendered such good service in that office that he was reelected without opposition in
1912.

Shortly after his graduation from college Mr. Marks began the study of law in
connection with his other work and while serving as county clerk was admitted to the
bar. On the 1st day of January, 1915, he retired from the clerk's office to take up
the practice of law, and on that date formed a partnership with Gale S. Hill and
since then has been associated with the law firm of Hill & Marks at Albany. Upon tak-
ing up the practice of law he was appointed deputy district attorney for Linn county
and filled that position for six years.

On the 16th of April, 1907, occurred the marriage of Willard L. Marks and Miss
Beryl Turner, a daughter of John and Fluella M. (Fisher) Turner, the former a native
of Illinois and the latter of Missouri. The father was a railroad agent in this
state for several years and followed that line of work throughout his entire life.
He passed away in 1903 but the mother is still living. Mr. and Mrs. Marks have two
children, a son, Robert Leighton Marks, who was born August 4, 1914, and a daughter,
Marian Elizabeth Marks, born February 17, 1921.

In politics Mr. Marks is a republican and he has been an active worker for the
party. He served some time as secretary of the republican central committee of Linn
county and has represented the county as a member of the state central committee sev-
eral years. He was a member of the executive committee of the party in Oregon dur-
ing the presidential campaigns of 1916 and 1920. He has had different opportunities
to fill public office but prefers to devote his attention to the conduct of his extensive
law business. Mr. Marks is prominent in fraternal circles. He has filled various
offices in the Grand Lodge of the Knights of Pythias and served as grand chancellor
of Oregon in 1915 and 1916. He is also a member of different bodies of the Masonic
order and other organizations. His religious faith is indicated by his membership
in the Presbyterian church.

Mr. Marks is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished in life, for
he worked his way through college and through the exercise of determination, energy
and n'^tive ability has advanced steadily in his profession until he now ranks with the
leading attorneys of his section of the state.

C. B. O'NEILL.

C. B. O'Neill, a leading optician of Salem whose establishment is located in the
Bush Bank building, is well qualified for his professional work through comprehen-
sive training and broad experience and he has built up a large patronage. A native of
North Dakota, he was born in Minnewaukan, March 30, 1891, and is a son of William
and Carrie L. (Burdick) O'Neill, the former was born in New Jersey and the latter
in "Winona, Minnesota. The father became a pioneer of Canada and of North Dakota
and he and his wife are now residing in California.

For two years C. B. O'Neill was a high school student in North Dakota, complet-
ing his course in Portland, Oregon. Subsequently he attended McCormick College
of Chicago, where he pursued a course in ophthalmology and was graduated in 1911.
He then secured a position as traveling salesman with the firm of Woodard, Clarke
& Company, wholesale druggists of Portland, whom he represented on the road for one
and a half years. On the expiration of that period he came to Salem, where he became
identified with the Barr Jewelry Company, with whom he remained tor one and a
half years, when he established himself in business independently, opening a store
at Nos. 5 and 6 in the Bush Bank building in Salem. Here he has since been located
handling a complete line of optical goods and other merchandise, attractively dis-
played, and his enterprising methods, reasonable prices and courteous treatment of
customers have won for him a large and gratifying patronage. He is thoroughly
familiar with the scientific principles which underlie his profession and through
wide reading and study he keeps abreast with the progress that is being made
along ophthalmological lines, being recognized as an expert optician. Although he

66 HISTOKY OF OREGON

entered business with a small capital he was confident that his professional ability
would soon become recognized by the residents of the Willamette valley and his faith
has been amply justified, for his business has enjoyed a continuous growth.

On the 30th of June, 1915, Mr. O'Neill was united in marriage to Miss Edna May
Faulkner, a native of Washington, and they reside in a fine home in Salem, of which
Mr. O'Neill is the owner. During the progress of the war with Germany he enlisted
in the medical department of the navy, going first to the navy yards at Bremerton,
Washington, whence he was sent to Charleston, South Carolina. He was then trans-
ferred to the marines and sent to Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, remaining in
the service for ten months. Actuated by determination, enterprise and laudable
ambition, his career has been one of continuous progress and he ranks with the
leading opticians of this section of the state. He is interested in everything that
pertains to public progress and improvement and is accounted one of the valued citizens
of Salem, his substantial traits of character winning for him the esteem and regard of
a large circle of friends.

CICERO M. IDLEMAN.

Cicero M. Idleman, attorney at law of Portland, was born August 18, 1854, in Marion,
Ohio, the city which has so recently been in the limelight as the place of residence
of the newly elected president of the United States. Marion was also the home of Silas
Idleman, the father of Cicero M. Idleman, who was the first child born in that county,
his natal day being February 10, 1822. He was married in Marion in 1844 to Catharine
Pontius, also a native of Marion. The father departed this life in July, 1903, having
for about five years survived his wife, who died in 1898.

Cicero M. Idleman was reared in Marion and there acquired a primary education,
while later he spent two years as a student in the Smithville (Ohio) Academy. He
next entered the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, but left that institution
in his junior year to take a position under the government in the railway mail serv-
ice. He thus acted for two years and utilized his leisure time in reading law, so that
he qualified for the bar and in 1883 was admitted to practice in the courts of Ohio.
His removal to the west occurred in the year 1884 and in June of that year he became
a junior partner in the law firm of Johnson, McCown & Idleman, a relation that was
maintained until 1894, when Mr. Idleman became a member of the firm of Carey, Idle-
man, Mays & Webster. That relation continued until Mr. Idleman was elected attorney
general of Oregon in 1896, assuming the duties of the office in the month of January.
He filled the position through the four-year term, making a most creditable record,
endorsed by his professional brethren and by public opinion as well. At the close of
his term he resumed law practice and has since given his attention to his profession
without entering upon partnership relations. He is a man of pronounced ability in his
chosen calling, having comprehensive understanding of the principles of jurisprudence,
displaying great thoroughness and decision in the preparation of his cases and great
clearness, earnestness and force in the presentation of his cause before the courts. His
assertions in court are seldom seriously questioned and the many verdicts which he
has won, favorable to the interests of his clients, attest his power as a lawyer.

On the 3d of April, 1907, Mr. Idleman was married to Miss Margaret E. Denning,
a daughter of the late Job Denning, who was a native of Indiana. Their marriage was
celebrated in Portland, where Mr. and Mrs. Idleman have gained many friends. Fra-
ternally he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the
Knights of Pythias. He belongs also to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and
the Royal Arcanum. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the State Chamber
of Commerce, the Press Club, and the Progressive Business Men's Club— associations
which indicate much of the nature of his interests and his principles. He served on
the legal advisory board during the World war and also on the questionnaire board
and in fact did every possible service for the government. In politics he has always
been a republican, but has never sought nor desired office, save that he served through
the one term as attorney general of the state, as previously indicated. He was one of
three who in 1891 organized the Portland Chamber of Commerce and was one of the
committee of fifteen who erected the Chamber of Commerce building. He has labored
untiringly for local progress and benefit through these connections and has worked
unremittingly through political channels for the upbuilding of the commonwealth and

CICERO M. IDLEMAN

HISTORY OF OREGON 69

country. He was chairman of the Republican County Central Committee of Multnomah
county in 1908 and for twenty years was president of the Multipor Republican Club of
Portland. He was and is a friend of Warren G. Harding and took an active part in
promoting the cause of his one-time fellow townsman through the republican campaign
of 1920. His entire career has been marked by a progressiveness and a steadfastness of
purpose that never stops short of the attainment of his objective.

JOHN W. ORR.

Law enforcement rests in safe hands with John W. Orr, who is strict, fearless
and prompt in the discharge of his duties as sheriff of Polk county, to which office
he was first elected in 1914. Mr. Orr is widely and favorably known in the section
where he resides, for he was born in Polk county on the 9th of August, 1878, and is
a son of Samuel S. and Charlotte Orr, the former a native of County Tyrone, Ireland,
while the latter was born near Edinburgh, Scotland. In 1873 the father emigrated
to America and crossing the country to Oregon purchased land near Rickreall, in Polk
county, which he engaged in cultivating until 1905, when he removed to Portland and
there lived retired until his demise on the 19th of March, 1919, at the age of seventy-
four years. The mother survives and is still residing in Portland.

Their son, John W. Orr, attended the district schools of Polk county and the
public and high schools of Rickreall, later pursuing a course in Armstrong's Busi-
ness College at Portland. His first position was that of bookkeeper for the Capital
Lumber Company of Salem, Oregon, and subsequently turned to agricultural pur-
suits purchasing land in the vicinity of Rickreall which he continued to operate until
1914, when he was called to public office, being elected sheriff of Polk county. So
creditable a record did he make in that connection that he has since been con-
tinued in the office, his excellent service justifying the trust reposed in him by his
fellow townsmen. He leaves nothing undone to enforce the law according to his con-
science and is fearless in the discharge of his duties. He is still the owner of his farm
near Rickreall but is not active in its cultivation, his time being entirely devoted to his
public duties.

On the 10th of August, 1904, Mr. Orr was united in marriage to Miss Wilma E.
Dalton and they have become the parents of a daughter, Charlotte I., who was born
October 18, 1906. In his political views Mr. Orr is a republican, loyal to the principles
of the party, and fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the United
Artisans, the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan, the lodge, chapter and the
Eastern Star of the Masonic order, and Mrs. Orr is identified with the Eastern Star
and Pythian Sisters. He is also a member of the Grange and in religious faith is a
Congregationalist. He is ever ready to give his support to measures for the promo-
tion of the public welfare and as sheriff of Polk county is discharging his duties in
such a way as to earn the high encomiums of the general public. He has a wide
acquaintance in this section of the state, where his entire life has been passed, and
he is everywhere spoken of as a citizen of worth, his many sterling traits of character
winning for him the high regard of all who know him.

HOMER SPEER.

For thirty years Homer Speer has been a resident of Oregon, having come to this
state when but twelve years old. Eight years of this time he has lived in Tangent, where
he is successfully conducting a merchandise business, and he is now serving Tangent
as postmaster, in which position his genial personality and business aptitude have won
for him many friends.

Homer Speer was born in Bushnell, Illinois, in June, 1878, his parents being
Marcus H. and Emma (Painter) Speer, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania.
The father engaged in farming and later removed to Illinois, where he rented a fine
piece of land which he operated until 1890. In that year he came to Oregon, settled
in Marion county and resumed farming, purchasing some land which he imme-
diately set about to improve and on which he resided the remainder of his life.

70 HISTORY OF OREGON

He passed away, February 25, 1918, and had survived his wife four years, her death
having occurred in October, 1914.

The subject of this review, Homer Speer, was reared and educated in the dis-
trict schools of McDonough county, Illinois, until he was twelve years of age, when
he accompanied his parents on their removal to Oregon. The family settled in Marion
county and here Mr. Speer resumed his education to the age of nineteen years, when
he removed to California with the idea of completing his education. He commenced
the study of law, applying such close industry and mental concentration upon this
work that his health began to fail and he was forced to give up his studies. He
remained two years longer in California, however, and having regained his health,
returned to Oregon and to his home county, starting a general store at Mehama,
Marion county, which venture proved a success and in which he continued for four
years. At the expiration of this period he removed to Mill City and there was em-
ployed at various occupations for a while, later establishing another store, which he
operated for three and one-half years. For one year he had a grocery store, but pre-
ferring to handle merchandise he removed to Tangent, Linn county, and purchased
a large general store, which he has since operated. In the conduct of his store he
has employed only the highest standards and has endeavored in every possible way
to please his patrons, believing that satisfied patrons are the best advertisement.

Mr. Speer was married March 2, 1902, to Miss Alice Pratt and to them have been
born four children: Opal F., whose birth occurred in November, 1902; Marion A., born
April 5, 1908: and Merwin H., born August IS, 1914. The wife and mother died
February 25, 1919. after an illness of two years, her death being deeply regretted
by many friends who had learned to esteem her highly.

Mr. Speer is well known in Masonic circles and also in the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows. Politically he is a republican, giving support to the principles of the
party, yet never seeking nor desiring office. His religious faith is manifested in his
membership in the Christian church and the sterling worth of his character has won
for him the high esteem of all with whom he has come into contact.

JOHN E. MATTHEWS.

John E. Matthews, member of the firm of Matthews & Matthews, who are
ers of the Yaquina Bay News of Newport, is a progressive newspaper man and has
made his paper the champion of every movement calculated to upbuild the town
and promote the growth of the surrounding district. The News is one of the old
and reliable journals of this section of the state, having been founded in 1883 by the
father of Mr. Matthews, and throughout the intervening period it has enjoyed a steady
growth, now having a large list of subscribers.

Mr. Matthews was born on the island of Malta, in the Mediterranean, October
13, 1853, a son of John E. and Hester (Ruthvin) Matthews. The father was a native
of Glamorganshire, Wales, and his education was secured at the celebrated military
college at Sandhurst, on the river Thames, near London, England. He was commis-
sioned captain and for many years served in the British army. Following his retire-
ment he crossed the ocean with his children in 1864, first becoming a resident of
Canada. He later crossed the border into the United States, taking up his abode in
Iowa. In 1878 he came to Oregon and five years later, or in 1883, established the
Yaquina Bay News at Newport, continuing active in its conduct throughout the
remainder of his life. He passed away in 1915 at the age of eighty-three, but the
mother of the subject of this review died in Ireland during his boyhood.

John E. Matthews was reared and educated in Ireland and at the age of eighteen
years emigrated to Canada, where for a number of years he was employed at the
shipbuilder's trade. Crossing the border into the United States, he went with his
father to Kansas, where for ten years they engaged in the cattle business. In 1878
he accompanied his father to Oregon and when the latter subsequently established
the Yaquina Bay News at Newport, he assisted in the conduct of the paper until his
father's demise, since which time he has successfully operated the publication in
association with his brother William, who, however, is now in the officers' training
school at Fort Monroe, Virginia, while another brother, Crosby, is connected with
the life-saving service at Newport. The business is conducted under the firm style
of Matthews & Matthews and they have a modern newspaper plant, equipped with

HISTORY OF OREGON 71

linotype machines and all the latest presses, and they also do a large job business,
turning out first-class work. The News is a publication of high standing, filled with
good reading matter and enjoying a large circulation. Mr. Matthews is thoroughly
familiar with every phase of the business and is conducting the paper along the
most modern and progressive lines, productive of substantial results.

In his political views he is a stanch republican and through the medium of his
paper has rendered valiant service for his party. He is a vigorous writer, ever fear-
less in advocating the best things for his community, county and state. Fraternally he
is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and for twenty-seven years
has been a member of the encampment. He also belongs to the Rebekahs and his
religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Episcopal church. His aid and
cooperation have at all times been found on the side of progress and improvement
and he has ever stood for those forces which work for the uplift of the individual
and the benefit of the community at large. He is everywhere spoken of as a citizen
of worth and possesses many sterling qualities which have won for him the high
regard of all who know him.

C. M. OLSEN.

C. M. Olsen, deceased, was the founder and promoter of the C. M. Olsen Transfer
& Storage Company of Portland and for many years enjoyed an enviable reputation
as a representative and successful business man of the city. He was born in Gotten-
burg, Sweden, November 18, 1844, and came of a family long prominent in that
country. His people, too, were devoted members of the Lutheran church. His father,
Ole Mattson, was a farmer throughout his active lite. He wedded Anna Helgesdotter,
who was born June 9, 1822, and they became the parents of eleven children, eight
of whom attained adult age, while four of the number are living. C. M. Olsen of this
review and a sister were the only members of the family who became residents of
America.

C. M. Olsen was reared to the occupation of farming, early becoming familiar
with the best methods of tilling the soil and caring for the crops. As opportunity
offered he attended school and thus acquired his education when his time was not in
demand for farm work. At length he decided to try his fortune in the new world
and in 1868 crossed the Atlantic, landing in New York city. He afterward became
a sailor and for many years was upon the sea. He had made the voyage to the
United States on the sailing vessel Amoy from Seville, Spain, and reached New
York harbor on the 1st of April, 1868. He there embarked on the Flordimare for the
Mediterranean and remained for some time on the coasting trade. As a seaman on
the Formosa he sailed by way of Good Hope to Melbourne, Australia, and from there
to Hongkong, China, while later he visited Manila and Batavia, India. In 1873 Mr.
Olsen again visited his native land and the following year returned to New York
city as a sailor on the Oceanic. On the same steamer he made a trip to Liverpool
and was then transferred to an American sailing ship, aboard which he returned to
America. For some time afterward he was engaged in the coasting trade between
New York city and New Orleans and later served as quartermaster on a ship running
between New York and Savannah. For two years he was quartermaster on the
Anterior, running between New York, the West Indies and Brazil, and then became
quartermaster on the steamer City of Sidney and through the straits of Magellan made
his way to San Francisco, where he left the ship, remaining in California for about
three years.

It was in 1877 that Mr. Olsen arrived in Portland on the old Oregon and his first
year's residence here brought him a disastrous experience, as his employers kept his
wages. For two years thereafter he worked on a farm and by the end of that time had
no difficulty in obtaining employment, as he had given proof of his industry and
capability. It was about 1881 that he turned his attention to the transfer business and
from a small beginning developed a large and profitable enterprise, having a large
storage house at No. 128 First street. He made a specialty of moving pianos and sates
and as the years passed developed a business of extensive proportions, in which his sons
afterward became interested.

It was in Portland that Mr. Olsen was united in marriage to Miss Ottilia W. Schmale,
a native of Germany, and to them were born two sons, Charles and George. Mrs. Olsen

72 HISTORY OF OREGON

is still living and is now a silent partner in the business which was established by her
husband but keeps closely in touch with every phase of the business, which is being
carried on by her sons. Mr. Olsen was identified with the Ancient Order of United
Workmen and gave his political allegiance to the republican party but never sought
nor desired office, preferring to concentrate his efforts and his energies upon his business
affairs. He sailed to many points of the world and his experiences were indeed broad
and varied, enriching his mind with many reminiscences of foreign travel. In the
hard school of experience, too, he learned valuable lessons, all of which developed In
him a resourcefulness and strength of manhood that made him an active factor in the
world's w^ork and gained for him the respect and confidence of his fellowmen.

The business which Mr. Olsen established has been carried on under the name of
the C. M. Olsen Transfer & Storage Company since his death, which occurred on the
25th of May, 1919. His sons, Charles W. and George M., then succeeded to the business.
A change from horses to motor trucks had been gradually made over a period of five
years. At one time the company utilized twelve teams and today uses five heavy
service trucks, employing sixteen people. They cater only to the transfer and storage
of household goods and the annual volume of their business amounts to sixty thousand
dollars. Their warehouse includes twenty-five thousand square feet of floor space and
they have every facility for handling their patronage. They conduct a large suburban
business, which includes The Dalles, Astoria, Eugene, Albany, Salem and Corvallis.
They pack and crate furniture and also consolidate carloads of furniture and care for
the shipments. Their warehouse is fireproof and their business is among the foremost
enterprises of the kind in Portland.

The son, Charles W. Olsen, is a law graduate of the University of Michigan and
has been admitted to the bar in Oregon. He belongs to Washington Lodge, No. 46,
A. F. & A. M., and also to Sunnyside Chapter, R. A. M. On the 29th of July, 1915, he
married Bernice E. Knudsen, of South Haven, Michigan, and they are the parents of
twins. Jean Corinne and Cara Manette.

George M. Olsen was educated at the Hill Military Academy and in the public
schools of Portland, being graduated from the academy on Friday, the 13th of June,
1913, as a member of a class of thirteen. He is sure this number does not carry with
it the proverbial unluckiness. He also attended the University of Michigan, which he
left at the age of twenty-two years. He is a talented musician and has traveled with
his own orchestra for five years throughout the east and south. On one occasion he
had a remarkable battle with a hold-up man in Racine, Wisconsin, who attacked him
with a knife, inflicting a cut in his hand and arm, the results of which crippled his
hand. Mr. Olsen, however, succeeded in wresting the knife from his assailant and
held him at bay until aid was secured. The desperado is now doing eleven years' time
in the penitentiary.

In 1919 Mr. Olsen returned to Portland and is associated with his brother in the
transfer and storage business. He was married in the LaSalle Hotel in Chicago, Illinois,
to Miss Florence Eva Davis, a native of Mackinac Island, Michigan. During his college
days he became a member of the Phi Kappa Sigma and is also well known in Masonic
circles, belonging to the blue lodge of Sunnyside, and has taken the degrees of Royal
Arch Masonry, of the Knight Templar commandery and of Al Kader Temple of the
Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and
in politics is an active republican. The sons are proving worthy successors of their
father in the conduct of business interests in Portland, where the name of Olsen has
long been a synonym for honest business enterprise and progressiveness.

COLEMAN H. WHEELER.

Co.cman H. Wheeler was a man to whom opportunity was ever a call to action—
a call to which he made immediate and effective response. For many years he was num-
bered among the prominent lumbermen of the northwest and brought to heir in the
conduct of his business in this section of the country the experience which he had
obtained in the lumber woods of Michigan. His lite was an illustration of the fact
that power grows through the exercise of effort. He snw the chances for advancement
in this section of the country, with its almost limitless forests, and year by year he
broadened the scope of his activities until he stood as one of the foremost representa-
tives of the lumber industry of Oregon. He was born at Bellroek, Ontario, Canada, in

COLEMAN H. WHEELER

HISTORY OF OREGON 75

1865, a son of Isaac Benjamin and Marie (St. Pierre) Wheeler, the former a native of
Pennsylvania, while the latter was born in Paris, France. The father removed to
Canada in early life and there engaged in the lumber business throughout the greater
part of his days, or until he retired.

Coleman H. Wheeler was reared to the age of sixteen years in Canada and acquired
his early education in the schools of that country, while later he pursued a commercial
course in Portland, recognizing the need and value of further educational opportunities.
On leaving his home in Canada he went first to Michigan and there engaged in driving
logs on the rivers of that state. The reports concerning the vast timber resources of
the northwest caused him to make his way to this section of the country. He was first
at Tacoma, Washington, and later became interested in the unsurveyed timber lands
south of the lower Columbia in Oregon and established his home in Portland. From
that time forward he was closely associated with the lumber industry of this state.
For many years he was engaged in surveying timber lands and in locating homesteaders
on the upper Nehalem river. Among the tracts that he located and purchased for east-
ern capital was the Dubois timber tract, now owned by the Eccles interests of Utah.
He was the original owner and promoter of the Wheeler Lumber Company of Wheeler,
Oregon, a town which was named in his honor, and the estate is still a stockholder
of the company. He was conducting large-scale logging operations at the time of his
death. He had a sawmill and logging camps at Cochran and a timber tract of eight
thousand acres which was being logged for him by contract to the firms of Whitten &
Bryant and Francis Weist & Company. He not only located many tracts of fine timber
for his company, but also secured valuable holdings for himself and thus at the time
of his death he was able to leave his family in most comfortable financial circum-
stances.

In 1896 Mr. Wheeler was united in marriage to Miss Cora B. Bryant, a daughter
of Z. and Lavina (Creighbaum) Bryant, who were natives of New York and of Virginia,
respectively. They came to Oregon in 1852, crossing the plains with ox team and
settling in Baker City. The father engaged in the live stock business. There he met
and married his wife and their daughter, Mrs. Wheeler, was born there. Her grand-
father. Elijah Granger Bryant, came to Oregon in 1852 and took up a donation claim
of six hundred and forty acres, situated at Clatskanie, where he engaged in the lumber
business. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler: Coleman H., Joe Bryant
and Marguerite S.

Mr. Wheeler belonged to no fraternal orders or clubs, but devoted his leisure hours
to his home and the enjoyment of the companionship of the members of his household.
There is much that is stimulating in his life record. When he was twenty-two years
of age he obtained a book on surveying and studied it closely. At that time no govern-
ment survey had been made of the land south of the Columbia in Oregon and he sur-
veyed all of that section of the country, his work being afterward accepted by the govern-
ment. He was indeed a self-made man and one who deserved great credit for what
he accomplished. He possessed unfaltering energy, laudable ambition and indefatigable
enterprise. His business vision was broad and his faith in Oregon and her future unlim-
ited. He early had the prescience to discern something of what the future held in
store for this great and growing western country and acting in accordance with the
dictates of his faith and judement he lived to garner in the fullness of time the fruits
of his energy and ability. He was, however, but fifty-five years of age wheni he was
called to his final rest and it seemed that a much longer period of usefulness should
have been his; but death called him and he passed on, leaving a memory that is dear
to all who were his associates of the business world as well as those whom he met in
the relations of friendship.

CHARLES B. WILSON.

Charles B. Wilson, the popular and efficient county clerk of Yamhill county, was
born in Fairmount, Indiana, April 23, 1875, a son of Joseph and Marian (Binford)
Wilson, also natives of the Hoosier state. The father there engaged in merchandising
and during the period of the Civil war he served as postmaster of Fairmount. In 1887
he removed to the west, becoming a resident of California, where he remained for two
years, and then came to Oregon, settling at Newberg, Yamhill county, where for many
years he engaged in the grocery business. He is now living retired in that city in

7(i HISTORY OF OREGON

the enjoyment of a well earned rest, and his wife also survives. For fifty-five years they
have traveled life's journey together and Mr. Wilson is now eighty-one years of age,
while his wife has reached the age of seventy-six. They have many friends in the
community where they have so long resided and are held in the highest respect and
esteem by all who know them.

Their son, Charles B. Wilson, attended the schools of Indiana, California, and New-
berg, Oregon, graduating from the Pacific College at that place with the class of 1897.
On completing his education he became associated with his father in the conduct of
a grocery store and following the latter's retirement he assumed the entire manage-
ment of the business, which he successfully conducted for a period of eight years. In
1909 he was appointed postmaster of Newberg by President William H. Taft and served
in that office until 1913, when he engaged in the insurance business, in which he con-
tinued active until the fall of 1914, when he was elected county clerk of Yamhill county,
his excellent service in that position winning him reelection in November, 1920. He is a
courteous and obliging official, thoroughly fitted for the work of the office, into which
he has introduced a number of new methods which greatly facilitate the discharge of
his duties and make his services very valuable to the public. In partnership with W. S.
Link, Mr. Wilson owns a farm of four hundred and eighteen acres near Sheridan which
they are leasing, and he is also a stockholder in the United States National Bank of
Newberg.

On the 30th of June, 1897, Mr. Wilson was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle E.
Gardner and they have become the parents of three children, namely: Lois M., who
is the wife of A. J. Allan, residing six miles east of the city of Vancouver, Washington;
Wendell C, who is attending the Oregon Agricultural College at Corvallis; and Joseph
T., a student in the McMinnville schools.

Mr. Wilson gives his political allegiance to the republican party and for four years
served as a member of the city council of Newberg. Fraternally he is identified with the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World, and in religious
faith he is a Friend. He is a man of high principles and standards, progressive and
reliable in business, loyal in citizenship and at all times displaying devotion to the
duties that devolve upon him. For thirty-two years he has resided in Oregon, and his
integrity and reliability have won for him a large and ever increasing circle of friends.

WILL H. BENNETT.

Will H. Bennett, who entered financial circles in 1903 in the humble capacity of
bookkeeper, has made wise use of his time, talents and opportunities and is now occupy-
ing the position of vice president and cashier of the Inland Empire Bank of Pendleton.
Long experience and study have given him a comprehensive knowledge of the banking
business in principle and detail and he is able to speak with authority upon many
questions connected with financial interests.

Mr. Bennett is a native of this state. He was born in Portland at the corner of
West Park and Morrison streets, July 10, 1879, a son of Alexander W. and Jane (Mur-
doch) Bennett, natives of Scotland. The father came to Portland in September, 1870,
and is now living retired in that city. To Mr. and Mrs. Bennett were born five children:
Frank S., who was an attorney on the municipal bench in Portland and who passed
away in 1910, at which time he was a candidate for the office of county judge; Sim A.,
who is teller in the First National Bank of Portland; Helen, a teacher in Portland;
Grace Jane, the wife of George C. Carter of Portland; and Will H., of this review.
All of the children are graduates of the old Portland high school of Portland.

Following his graduation from high school Will H. Bennett attended night school,
after which he entered the employ of J. P. Sharkey & Company, engaged in the whole-
sale saddlery business, and for a year was connected with that firm. He then became
an employe of W. P. Fuller & Company, with whom he remained for four years, and
on the 20th of June, 1903, he entered banking circles, accepting the position of book-
keeper with the First National Bank at Heppner, Oregon. At the end of four years he
resigned that position to become paying and receiving teller for the Citizens National
Bank at Baker City, with which he was connected until the 1st of August, 1908. He
then resigned and returned to Portland, entering the First National Bank as book-
keeper. On the 14th of October. 1909, he was appointed deputy in the office of the state
bank examiner and when the laws were changed in 1911 he received the appointment

HISTORY OF OREGON 77

of bank examiner, from which position he resigned on Novembr 1, 1913, to become
vice president of the First State and Savings Bank at Klamath Falls, Oregon. He
retained that position until the 10th of January, 1916, when he resigned to accept the
cashiership of the Citizens Bank at Portland. This position he filled until the 11th of
February, 1918, when he was appointed superintendent of banks for the state of Oregon,
taking office on the 18th of February of that year. He resigned this position on the
31st of December, 1920, to associate himself with the Inland Empire Bank of Pendle-
ton, Oregon, as vice president and cashier, which offices he is now filling, J. W. Maloney
being the president.

Mr. Bennett is well known as an able financier and banker of more than ordinary
ability, who has promoted the success of the enterprise with which he is connected
by systematic and progressive work. He is shrewd, systematic and unquestionably
honest and these qualities have gained him the respect and confidence of the men who
have had business with him and have consequently influenced the prosperity of the
enterprise with which he is connected. The policy which he as ever followed in this
connection is such as carefully safeguards the interests of depositors and at the same
time promotes the success of the institution.

On the 11th of April, 1918, Mr. Bennett was united in marriage to Miss Beatrice
Burchill of Portland, and they have become the parents of a son, Pearson Murdoch,
now in his second year. Mr. Bennett is deeply interested in all that pertains to public
progress and development, and, while a resident of Klamath Palls, served as vice-president
of the Chamber of Commerce. He is a life member of the Multnomah Amateur Athletic
Club of Portland, a member of the Golf Club of Pendleton and fraternally he is identi-
fied with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Masons, also belonging to
the Shrine in the last named organization. With industry and determination as his
dominant qualities Mr. Bennett has made steady progress in the business world, advanc-
ing from a humble financial position until he ranks witli the leading bankers of the
state. Moreover, his business record is such as any man might be proud to possess,
it being a source of inspiration and admiration to his colleagues and contemporaries.
He is a man of high principles and worthy motives, who would be a decided acquisition
to any community.

IRA P. POWERS.

One of the substantial business enterprises of Portland is the Ira P. Powers Furni-
ture Company. Ira F. Powers, Sr., the founder of the business, was tor a long period
not only one of the leading manufacturers and merchants of this city but one whose
high sense of honor, personal integrity and broad humanitarianism gained for him the
high regard and unqualified confidence of his fellowmen. The American branch of the
family was established at Littleton, Massachusetts, at an early period in the coloniza-
tion of the new world and the lineage is traced back in England as far as the twelfth
century. The name of Powers, or Power, is from the old Norman name le Poer and
is as old in England as the time of William the Conqueror, one of whose officers at
the battle of Hastings bore that name, which appears on the roll of survivors in Battle
Abbey. The name was changed to the present form in 1683 and through succeeding
generations representatives of the name continued to reside in New England. Walter
Power, the founder of the American branch of the family, was born in 1639 and died
February 22, 1708. He was married March 11, 1661, to Trial, a daughter of Deacon
Ralph and Thankes Shepard, who was born February 10, 1641. A genealogical record
says: "Little is known of Walter Power, but probably he had not received advantages
of much early education but depended upon strong sinews and sterling good sense to
establish a home for himself and family. Trial, his wife, seems to have been a woman
of some education. At the time of their marriage they settled in or near Concord, now
the town of Littleton. In 1694 Walter Power bought of Thomas Waban and other
Indians one-fourth part of the township of Nashobe. His remains were doubtless laid
in the old Powers burying ground, as were also those of his wife, who survived him
many years."

Their third child, Isaac Power, was born in 1665 and was married April 14, 1701,
to Mrs. Mary Winship, the widow of Samuel Winship and the daughter of John Poulter.
Isaac Power seems to have been prominent among the sons of his father and to have
taken the lead in affairs. He was captain of the military; a petitioner for town incor-

78 HISTORY OF OREGON

poration; moderator of the first town meeting and continued to hold office for many
years. He was twice elected to the ^eat and general court and was colonial agent for
conveying lands. One of the children of Captain Isaac and Mary Power was Gideon
Power, the third of their family, who probably lived in Lexington, Massachusetts, as
his name appears on the town rolls as a soldier in an old French war. He married
Lydia Russell and they had four children, the third being Jonas Powers, who was born
December 6, 1738, and married Betsey Tower. They became residents of Vermont and
had a family of nine children. Of these Asa Powers, the second in order of birth, mar-
ried Rebecca Shippinwell, of Chester, Vermont. Of this marriage there were born
eight children, the eldest being Levi Powers, whose birth occurred July 9, 1791. Leaving
his old home in Vermont he established a branch of the family at Ballston Spa, New
York. There he wedded Mary Frost, who died March 2, 1872, while his death occurred
April 17, 1882.

While Levi and Mary (Frost) Powers were living at Au Sable, Clinton county.
New York, a son was born to them May 5, 1831. To the boy the parents gave the
name of Ira. He was carefully trained under the parental roof but from the age of
twelve years had to depend upon his own resources for a livelihood and the inferior
educational advantages of the community in which he lived enabled him to make com-
paratively little progress along the line of mental development save that a naturally
quick and receptive mind and a retentive memory enabled him to learn many valuable
lessons in the school of experience. In the course of time hfs continually broadening
knowledge promoted him to a place where his intellectual power far exceeded that of
the majority of his fellowmen with whom he came into contact, enabling him correctly
to solve intricate business problems, carefully to formulate plans and to execute them
with dispatch. His opportunity came with the discovery of gold in California, which
drew him to the Pacific coast. The long journey around Cape Horn being completed
he made his way to the mines, where he engaged in a search for the precious metal
for thirteen years, meeting with considerable success, prospecting during that period in
various parts of California and Idaho.

In the spring of 1865, however, Mr. Powers turned his attention to commercial
pursuits, establishing a second-hand furniture business in Portland in partnership
with A. Burchard. The new enterprise proved profitable and was conducted until they
suffered heavy loss by fire in 1875. In the meantime Mr. Powers had extended his
efforts to include the manufacture of furniture, which he began in 1S72 under the firm
style of Donly, Beard & Powers, their plant being located at Willsburg. In 1875 he
established a factory on Front street, at the northwest corner of Jefferson street, where
he was located tor six years. Subsequently the business was at the foot of Montgomery,
while later the plant was removed to South Portland. In 1882 the furniture store on
First street was destroyed by fire with a loss of forty thousand dollars. In 1884 there
occurred a fire in the factory with losses amounting to sixty-three thousand dollars,
covered only by eleven thousand dollars insurance. It was after this that the plant was
built on a three acre tract of land in South Portland, but here the factory was carried
away by the Willamette freshet in 1891, causing a loss of one hundred thousand dollars.
All of these losses occurred within a period of ten years. On the 1st of March, 1911,
the company removed to its present building at the corner of Third and Yamhill streets,
where a general house furnishing business is conducted. In 1893 the business was incor-
porated under the firm style of the Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company and
Mr. Powers remained as president until his death. This has become one of the impor-
tant productive industries of the city, its trade increasing as the result of the thorough
workmanship and attractive style which is characteristic of the output.

Notwithstanding that the business was a constantly growing one Mr. Powers did
not devote his entire attention to this line, his resourceful ability enabling him to
accomplish substantial results in other connections. His name became a prominent one
in banking circles and he was, moreover, actively associated with interests which bore
upon the general development and prosperity of the city but had no direct effect upon
his own finances. He was a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Manufac-
turers Association and he was active as one of the builders of the Morrison street
bridge, while of the Madison street bridge he was a stockholder.

Throughout his life Mr. Powers was actuated by a spirit of helpfulness that was
again and again manifest in his relations with individuals and also in association with
organized charities and benevolences. The homeless boy appealed strongly to his heart
and it is said at times he had as many as five such boys in his home, doing all he could
to train them for positions of usefulness and honor in the business world. It was

HISTORY OF OREGON 79

largely through his instrumentality that the Boys and Girls Society was organized in
Portland. The homeless and friendless never sought his assistance in vain, his chari-
table spirit reaching out to all, while his material assistance was the tangible expression
of his warm heart. He was in thorough sympathy with the basic principles of those
organizations which recognize the brotherhood of mankind and thus it was that after
coming to Portland he cooperated in the work of the Masonic fraternity here. He
became a member of Gold Run Lodge, F. & A. M., while in California, and transferred
his membership to Harmony Lodge, No. 12 of Portland, of which he served as treasurer
for twelve years. He also joined Portland Chapter, No. 3, R. A. M.; Oregon Com-
mandery, No. 1, K. T.; and Al Kader Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. He belonged to Pilot
Peak Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., at one time and to the Ancient Order of United Workmen,
while his political allegiance was ever given to the republican party.

Ira F. Powers, Sr., was twice married. In 1860 he wedded Miss Minnie "Wilson, who
died four years later, leaving an only son, Frederick, now of Maine. In 1870 Mr. Powers
wedded Mary Sullivan, a native of New York city, who in an early day was taken to
the west by her parents, D. and Jessie Sullivan, and afterward accompanied her mother
from California to Oregon. By the second marriage there was but one son, Ira F., of
this review.

The death of the mother, Mrs. Mary Powers, occurred in 1875. Mr. Powers survived
until the 8th of September, 1902, when he was called to his final rest at the age of
seventy-one years, leaving not only the fruits of former toil as represented in impor-
tant manufacturing interests, but also an untarnished name that had long stood in
Portland as the synonym for commercial enterprise and probity.

The son, Ira F. Powers, Jr., was born in 1872 in Portland, one block from the present
site of the business and in the pursuit of his education attended the public and high
schools of his native city, subsequently becoming a pupil in the Bishop Scott Academy.
Between the ages of seventeen and twenty years he was in his father's store, after which
he spent a year in the furniture business at La Grande, Oregon. Subsequently he became
a traveling salesman but in August, 1902, resigned his position to become secretary of the
Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company and following his father's demise he succeeded
to the presidency of the concern which is now known as the Ira F. Powers Furniture
Company. He is ably carrying forward the business founded by his father and is rec-
ognized as one of the reliable and progressive merchants of the city. The trade has
steadily grown from year to year until It has assumed extensive proportions, the ware-
house occupying a floor space of one hundred and thirty thousand feet, while eighty-
five people are employed in the conduct of the business which includes everything in
the line of house furnishings.

In 1906 Mr. Powers was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Nichols, a resident
of this city, and they have become the parents of two children, John Thompson and
Elizabeth. The family home is a beautiful modern residence in the attractive suburban
district of Rivera. Mr. Powers gives his political support to the republican party and
his interest in the development and upbuilding of his city is indicated in his member-
ship in the Chamber of Commerce, the City Plan Commission and the city industrial
committee. He has membership in all of the leading clubs of Portland and is a Mason
of high standing, having attained the thirty-second degree in the consistory. He is
also a member of the Shrine and is likewise identified with the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks.

C. J. SHEDD.

A notably successful career is that of C. J. Shedd, manager of the Davis-Shedd
Company, dealers in general merchandise, and president of the Bank of Shedd, in which
connection he is controlling important and extensive interests at Shedd, Linn county.
Mr. Shedd is a native son of Illinois, his birth having occurred in June, 1857, and his
parents were Frank and Emily (Olin) Shedd, the former born in New Hampshire and
the latter in Ohio. In 1839 the father removed to Illinois, where he engaged in farming
until the outbreak of the Civil war, when he enlisted as a member of the One Hundred
and Second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, becoming Captain of Company C. At the end
of a year he was discharged on account of illness and in 1864 he started across the
plains to Oregon as captain of a wagon train traveling with ox teams. Settling in
Linn county, he purchased land now adjoining the town of Shedd, of which he became

■so HISTORY OF OREGON

the founder and which was named in his honor. He improved and developed his farm,
converting it into a valuable property and continuing its cultivation throughout his
remaining years. He was most highly respected and esteemed in his community and
for one term was a member of the state legislature. He passed away in 1893, having
for nine years survived the mother, whose demise occurred in 1884.

C. J. Shedd was but seven years of age at the time of the removal to Oregon and
in the district schools of this state he pursued his education. After completing his
studies he engaged in cultivating the home farm until 1895, when he was appointed
postmaster of Shedd and served in that capacity for a period of four years. In 1900
he turned his attention to general merchandising in association with J. R. Davis and
in 1912 the business was incorporated as the Davis-Shedd Company, of which Mr. Shedd
has since been the manager. They carry a very large stock of merchandise and under
the able direction of Mr. Shedd the business has assumed extensive and substantial
proportions, the progressive methods and reliability of the firm winning for them a
large patronage. Being a man of resourceful business ability, Mr. Shedd has extended
his efforts into various lines and in March, 1913, in association with others he organized
the Bank of Shedd, of which he has since served as president, the other officers being
J. B. Bell of Eugene, vice president, and J. C. Clay, cashier. The bank has a capital
stock of fifteen thousand dollars, its surplus amounts to five thousand dollars and its
deposits have reached the sum of one hundred and seventy thousand dollars. Mr. Shedd
has made a close study of the banking business and has ever made it his purpose to
safeguard thoroughly the interests of depositors, so that the institution of which he is
the head has ever enjoyed the full confidence of the public and has become recognized
as a sound and substantial moneyed institution. He likewise is the owner of farm
land which he leases and is thus continually broadening the scope of his activities,
carrying forward to successful completion everything that he undertakes.

In December, 1893, Mr. Shedd was united in marriage to Miss Anna Botsford and
to them have been born three children: Bertha Lucille, Frank Raymond and Harold
L., all at home. In his political views Mr. Shedd is a democrat and for one term he
represented his district in the state legislature, where he rendered Important and
valuable service, giving thoughtful and earnest consideration to all the vital problems
which came up for settlement. For over twenty-flve years he has served as justice of
the peace, rendering decisions which have ever been characterized by fairness and
impartiality. Mrs. Shedd attends the Methodist church and fraternally Mr. Shedd Is
identified with the Masons and the Woodmen of the World. A man of keen business
discernment and sound judgment, Mr. Shedd has made for himself a creditable place
in financial and mercantile circles of Linn county and his activities have always been
of a character that have contributed to public progress and prosperity as well as to
individual success. His life has ever been actuated by high and honorable principles
and he is loyal to all those Interests which make for true manhood and progressive
citizenship.

BARGE EDWARD LEONARD.

Barge Edward Leonard, who for twelve years has been a representative of the
Portland bar, was born in Rochelle, Illinois, November 17, 1SS6, a son of Edward and
Eliza (Young) Leonard, their marriage being celebrated in Rochelle, where the father
was born in 1848. He followed farming for many years but had put aside the cares of
active business life at the time of his demise, which occurred on the 8th of January,
1921. His widow is still a resident of Rochelle.

In the schools of his native city Barge E. Leonard pursued his education, followed
by a year's art course in the Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois, and the
study of law at the University of Michigan. He was graduated from the latter institu-
tion in 1909, with the degree of LL. B., and then came to Portland, where he at once
entered upon active practice, in which he has continued. His ability in this field is
pronounced and his success is attributable in no small measure to the thoroughness with
which he prepares his cases. He is married and has one daughter.

Mr. Leonard is a member of the Scottish Rite Masons and of the Mystic Shrine,
also of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Progressive Business Club, the
City Club, the University Club, the Press Club, and of the Multnomah Bar Association,
of which he was president in 1919. He is likewise identified with the Phi Kappa Psi,

BARGE E. LEONARD

HISTORY OF OREGON 83

•a Greek letter fraternity, with tlie Friars Club and the Theta Nu Epsilon, is a Rosarian
and was chosen a director of the Rose Festival for 1921. He was nominated on the
republican ticket for the Oregon legislature in the spring of 1920 and elected at the
general election, serving in the thirty-first legislative assembly.

Mr. Leonard belongs to the American Legion and to La Societe De Forty Hommes
et Eight Chevaux. His military record is most Interesting. He entered the Second
Officers Training Camp at the Presidio of San Francisco, August 25. 1917, giving up
his practice of law in Portland and volunteering for service in the "World war. He was
commissioned first lieutenant of infantry in the National Army, November 27, 1917, was
assigned to duty with the Sixty-third Infantry on the same date and on the 26th of
February, 1918, was selected from among officers at the Presidio, because of special
knowledge, aptitude and fitness, for intelligence duty and ordered to duty with the
postal censorship board in San Francisco; organized postal censorship office at the
Ferry post office, San Francisco, which acted as a clearing house for all foreign mail
leaving the Pacific coast during the World war; by reason of demonstrated capacity
and extraordinary efficiency in the administration and organization of the postal censor-
ship, upon completion of the work, was assigned to duty in the office of the department
intelligence officer as executive officer. Military Intelligence Division, Western Depart-
ment, San Francisco, and continued as executive officer until his discharge November
27, 1918. He was detached from the Sixty-third Infantry, July 13, 1918, and assigned
to general staff in connection with work above mentioned. He was in charge of all
Investigations relative to enemy aliens in San Francisco and Bay cities, directing a
force of twenty-four investigators in this work. In October, 1918, he was recommended
for promotion to captain, recommendation, however, not acted upon because of the
signing of the armistice. He was the first officer in the Western Department requesting
bis discharge upon closing of hostilities and after discharge was recommended for a
major's commission in the Reserve Corps. Mr. Leonard's services to the army were of
exceptional character and only because of the confidential nature of the work, specific
details cannot be given. The same spirit of loyalty characterizes his relation to his
clients and has brought him prominence among the younger representatives of the Port-
land bar.

W. S. FITTS.

One of the substantial and progressive business men of Salem is W. S. Fitts, who
Is associated with his son, Ira J., in the conduct of a large fish and poultry market,
and he is also interested in the Newport Ice & Fish Company and is a stockholder in
Hotel Marion of Salem. In the conduct of his business affairs he displays sound Judg-
ment, energy and enterprise, and success in substantial measure has rewarded his
efforts. Mr. Fitts is a native of the south. He was born in Bibb county, Alabama,
November 3, 1868, a son of T. J. Fitts, who was also a native of that locality and
devoted his attention to the raising of corn and cotton. He married Rhoda Conwill,
also a native of Alabama, who passed away at the age of eighty years, and the father
is also deceased.

In 1891 W. S. Fitts came to the west, first becoming a resident of Walla Walla,
Washington. Subsequently he made his way to Oregon and for a time engaged in
farming in the vicinity of Salem, after which he located in the city, where he entered
business circles in 1901, establishing a fish market at No. 444 Court street. His pro-
gressive and enterprising business methods, reasonable prices and courteous treatment
of patrons soon gained for him a large patronage and he now has most of the private
trade of Salem. His son, Ira J. Fitts, is associated with him in the conduct of the
enterprise and he is a most progressive and alert young business man. They deal
in fish and poultry, purchasing their fish from all over the coast and handling approx-
imately fifty tons annually. Their establishment is the leading fish and poultry market
in the city catering to the retail trade and they intend within a short time to install
a cold storage plant, which will greatly facilitate the conduct of their business.
Mr. Fitts is also interested in the Newport Ice & Fish Company in association with
J. F. Meehan, Mrs. C. M. McKillop and others, and he is likewise a stockholder in Hotel
Marion of Salem. His interests are thus extensive and important, showing him to he
a most capable business man, energetic, farsighted and sagacious.

In Bibb county, Alabama, in 1894, Mr. Fitts was married to Miss Lula Elliott, and

84 HISTORY OP 0RP:G0N

three children have been born to this union: Ira J., who married Wilda Solomon of
Salem, February 6, 1921; Inez G., who is employed by Hartman Brothers, Jewelers;
and Clifford W., who met an accidental death, being killed by a truck on the 12th of
February, 1920.

Beginning business with a capital of but forty dollars, Mr. Fitts worked untiringly
to gain a start and as the years have passed he has steadily progressed, overcoming all
obstacles and diflSculties in his path, and he now occupies a position of prominence in
commercial circles of his city. The secret of his success lies in the fact that he has
never been afraid of earnest labor and that his diligence and determination have been
supplemented by unquestioned integrity and reliability. He is regarded as one of the
leading citizens of Salem and his progressiveness has been a potent element in its con-
tinued development.

OTTO FRIEDLI.

Otto Friedli, president and manager of the Portland Cheese Company at Portland,
is a native of Switzerland, his birth having occurred in the land of the Alps, November
30, 1875, his parents being John and Mary (Leuenberger) Friedli, who were also
natives of that country. The father devoted his life to the occupation of farming and
passed away in Switzerland, September 13, 1903, while the mother's death occurred in
May, 1916.

Otto Friedli attended the common schools of his native country and when a young
man of nineteen years crossed the Atlantic to America, settling first in Green county,
Wisconsin, where he was employed in a cheese factory. He later became a shipping
clerk and buyer for two of the largest wholesale cheese houses in southern Wisconsin
and continued in the business for eight years. It was in 1906 that he arrived in the
northwest, making his way to Seattle, Washington, where he engaged in the cheese
business on his own account for a year and then sold out. In 1907 he came to Portland
and here organized the Portland Cheese Company, of which he became president and
manager. The company are importers, manufacturers and wholesale dealers in cheese,
olive oil, macaroni, fish, etc., but they give the major part of their attention to the
cheese trade and are owners of the following brands: Badger State brand cheese,
Beaver brand cheese and Vertex brand olive oil. They are distributors for Martin
Brothers & Company's Bluhill cheese and Martin's New York Cheddar. Their specialty,
however. Is the Beaver brand cheese, of which they make the fancy French size for table
use. They also manufacture a Swiss cheese and employ ten people. They sell mostly
to the creameries in wholesale lots. Mr. Priedli's associate officers in the company are:
Charles Zuercher, Jr., vice president; and A. R. Morris, secretary and treasurer. The
volume of their business now amounts annually to $400,000.

Mr. Friedli was united in marriage to Miss Frieda Fuhrer, who was born in Lon-
don, England, but is of Swiss parentage. They have two children: Helen Edna and
Carl Edwin. The secretary of the company, Mr. Morris, wedded Hazel Clark of Port-
land, in 1914 and they are the parents of two children: Jeane Roberta and Hazel
Dorothy.

Mr. Friedli is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and he is a
member of both the Swiss Club and the Swiss Aid Society. He has never had occasion
to regret his determination to come to the new world, for in this land he has found
the opportunities which he sought and in their utilization has made steady progress
until he has reached the goal of prosperity, being now one of the successful business
men of his adopted city.

CLARE W. IRVINE.

A man of keen business discernment and sound judgment, Clare W. Irvine has
made for himself a most creditable place in financial circles of the state as president
of the Farmers State Bank of Independence, of which he was one of the organizers.
The success of the bank is due in large measure to the enterprise and thoroughly
reliable methods of Mr. Irvine, who carefully studies every phase of banking and whose
close application is an important element in the continued success of the institution.

HISTORY OF OREGON 85

He is a worthy representative of one of Oregon's honored pioneer families and was born
in Polk county, January 26, 1872, a son of Josephus and Sarah (Fisher) Irvine, the
former a native of Missouri and the latter of Iowa. In 1852 the father accompanied
his parents on their removal to Oregon, being at that time a lad of ten years. The
family settled in Marion county, where the grandfather took up a donation claim. It
was in 1852 that the maternal grandfather crossed the plains to Oregon and also took
up a claim in Marion county. Josephus Irvine resided in Marion county until after
his marriage, when he removed to Polk county, and for several years engaged in cul-
tivating rented land. He then engaged in draying at Independence, conducting business
along that line for about eight years, when he entered mercantile circles, establishing
a grocery store, and this he continued to operate throughout the remainder of his life.
He passed away in September, 1902, at the age of sixty, but the mother is yet living.

Their son, Clare W. Irvine, was reared in Polk county, where he attended the
district schools and also the public schools of Independence, after which he pursued a
course in a business college at Salem, Oregon. When eighteen years of age he entered
business life as an employe of the Independence National Bank and has since been
identified with financial interests. His first position was that of bookkeeper and after
serving for six years in that capacity his faithful and conscientious service and excel-
lent business ability won him promotion to the position of cashier, which he filled for
sixteen years. In 1912, in association with J. J. Fenton, he organized the Farmers
State Bank at Independence, becoming cashier. Subsequently he purchased the interest
of Mr. Fenton and has since filled the office of president, with J. B. Parker as vice pres-
ident and C. G. Irvine, cashier. The bank is housed in a modern building which was
erected in 1918. It is capitalized for twenty-five thousand dollars, has a surplus of
seven thousand five hundred dollars and its deposits have reached the sum of four
hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Irvine's comprehensive study and practical experience
have acquainted him with the various phases of the banking business and thoroughly
qualified him for the successful conduct of the interests under his control. The policy
he has ever followed in this connection is such as carefully safeguards the interests of
depositors and at the same time promotes the success of the institution, which is
enjoying a steady and substantial growth.

In June, 1904, Mr. Irvine was united in marriage to Miss Edna Burnett, a daughter
of the Rev. Peter and Mary E. (Todd) Burnett, the latter a native of Oregon. The
father came to this state at an early period in its development and has devoted his
entire life to preaching the gospel as a minister of the Christian church, his religious
instruction proving a tangible force for good in the various communities in which he
has made his home. He is now living retired in Eugene but the mother passed away
in 1917. Mr. and Mrs. Irvine have become the parents of two children, namely:
Robert C, who was born March 10, 1907; and Clare W., Jr., born May 20, 1911.
Mrs. Irvine is a member of the Christian church.

Mr. Irvine is a loyal adherent of the republican party and fraternally is identified
with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias, being the
possessor of the jeweled emblem bestowed by the latter order upon those who have for
twenty-five years been connected with the lodge. He is also a Mason, holding member-
ship in the Shrine, and his life has ever been guided by the beneficent teachings of'
these orders. He is one of the foremost figures in the business world of Independence
and through his activities has not only achieved individual success but has also con-
tributed in substantial measure to the upbuilding and progress of his section of the
state. He is everywhere spoken of as a citizen of worth, possessing many substantial
qualities which have won for him the high regard of all who know him.

E. T. BUSSELLE.

One of the best known consulting engineers of the northwest is E. T. Busselle, who
maintains offices at Salem, Oregon, and at San Francisco, California, having a large
practice in the Pacific coast states. He is thoroughly familiar with the scientific prin-
ciples underlying his profession and he has done much important work in connection
with public utilities.

A native of Indiana, Mr. Busselle was born at Shelbyville, May 9, 1877, where he
live'd until the age of six, when the family took up residence at Indianapolis, Indiana.
After completing the work of the high school, he entered Purdue University of Indiana,

86 HISTORY OP OREGON

where he pursued a course in electrical engineering. Upon leaving the university, he
entered upon a course of practical Instruction in the field of electrical science and later
on conducted a night school of instruction in electrical engineering in the city of
Indianapolis and also, several years later, in the city of Portland, Oregon. Coming
west in 1909, his first venture was in Idaho, with headquarters at Boise, where he
remained about one year. He then located in Portland and later took up residence in
Salem, Oregon, the latter change being made necessary by his association with the
organization of the public service commission of Oregon. After serving four years with
the public service commission of Oregon, he resigned the position of chief engineer,
department of utilities, to enter private practice. He then engaged in business as an
attorney-consulting engineer, his principal activities being the preparation of inventories,
appraisals and evaluation reports upon public utility properties and the compilation
of such statistical data and financial statements as are necessary to the proper presen-
tation of rate cases before regulating bodies. Starting in 1916 with a five-room suite
of offices on the second floor of the Masonic Temple building in Salem, he later estab-
lished an office in San Francisco, California, and he enjoys a large practice throughout
the Pacific coast region. Thorough preparatory study has well qualified him for the
work in which he is engaged and he is regarded as an attorney-engineer of marked
ability, his services being In such demand that he is obliged to spend a great portion
of his time in travel. His work as consulting engineer and attorney has been largely
along the line of public utility activities and he possesses an exceptional comprehensive
knowledge of the needs and requirements of utilities, as well as a knowledge of the
laws pertaining thereto.

Mr. Busselle was united in marriage to Miss Goldie Grace Shafer of Indianapolis,
Indiana, and they have become the parents of two children: Earl T., who is a student
in the University of Oregon at Eugene; and Elbert R., who is a student in the Salem
high school.

Mr. Busselle is a man of enterprising spirit and of commendable ambition, whose
professional labors have been an effective force in promoting the work of development,
progress and upbuilding in the various sections in which he has operated. Gaining
that superior ability which comes from close study and broad experience, he stands
in an eminent and enviable position among the consulting engineers of the northwest.

I. H. AMOS.

Any list of twenty men who have most impressed themselves on conditions in
Oregon would easily include the name of I. H. Amos. Such characters do not come by
chance; they may be invariably traced to generations of high thinking and auspicious
environment. Mr. Amos was born in Mt. Savage, Maryland, June 8th, 1844, of sterling
Staffordshire ancestry, son of William and Rachel (Whitehouse) Amos. Through a
fruitful life until his death, December 24th, 1915, he fulfilled the promise of such sub-
stantial heritage.

Mr. Amos was not a college man; but beginning with a good school education he
attained through a study of men and affairs, through extensive travel and the reading of
good books, such a culture as colleges seldom give. No human need was too small for
his earnest study; no national problem too big for the grasp of his splendid mentality.

A nailer by trade, he spent his early years in labor with his hands, like the Master
whom it was his delight to serve, learning that sympathy with the wage-worker which
made him so essentially a man of the people. Granted the truth of the Swedish hand-
craftsman theory that no great mental development is won without hand skill, this
humble occupation doubtless played its part in developing a most unusually practical
thinker.

Not least among the causes contributing to his great power may be counted his
family life. His marriage to Lilian Jane Sadler, daughter of John Sadler, a pioneer of
Cleveland, Ohio, enriched his life with a companion who was in thorough sympathy with
his highest aspir.itions. Into this home were born three such children as come from a
rich union of heart and brain: William Frederick, a physician of rare skill; Lilian
Edna, a teacher in one of Portland's high schools; and Grace Mildred, who is continuing
her father's business, all deeply interested in the work their father's hands have dropped.
Tlie home life was unusually beautiful, for a spirit of comradeship prevailed. As a host
Mr. Amos was unexcelled. To share the hospitality of the Amos home was an experience

I. H. AMOS

HISTORY OP OREGON 89

that left a delightful memory. Here foregathered kindred spirits and under this roof
were initiated many of the great movements that have brought blessing to the state.

Mr. Amos was an able and successful business man. From 1865 to 1887 he was with
a large hardware firm in Cleveland — in the latter years as partner. In 1887 he accepted
a position with the hardware firm of Foster & Robertson of Portland. From 1893 until
his death he represented some of the largest metal lines in the United States.

Although a keen and alert man of business, Mr. Amos was best known for his
humanitarian service, especially in the cause of prohibition. Associated as early as
1869 with the Ohio leaders and pioneers for national pronibition, he was, in 1872, a
candidate for the General Assembly and took an active part in the constitutional cam-
paign. As a prohibition party man he was ever a leader. It is noteworthy that Mr.
Amos was the inspiration of the first measure passed under the Oregon Initiative. This
Incident we give in the words of his friend and colleague, B. Lee Paget:

"Soon after the supreme court declaration upon the constitutionality of the initiative,
F. McKercher, Harry W. Stone, and myself met with Mr. Amos for lunch in Watson's
restaurant. Mr. Amos suggested that local option on the liquor question be the first
measure submitted under the initiative. It was agreed that we share pro rata the
expense. This plan was carried out with the final result that Oregon was given her
first local option law."

Mr. Amos brought to the northwest, where he became such a power for good, the
thorough training of his early experience. Coming to Oregon In 1887 he reorganized
the prohibition forces and became an active worker in the constitutional campaign of
that year. From 1888 until his death he was a member of the Oregon State Prohibition
Committee, and from 1896 to 1908, chairman of the committee. During this period
he was his party's candidate for various offices: State senator, mayor of Portland,
and governor of the state, in each case receiving a very large vote. As candidate
for commissioner-at-large for Multnomah county, in 1914, he received a phenomenal
vote (for a minority candidate) of over 12,000. No man was more loved and trust-
ed in the national councils of his party than Mr. Amos. He was prominent as a
candidate for vice presidential nomination in the Indianapolis convention of 1904. He
labored untiringly in the Oregon prohibition campaigns of 1910 and 1914, and rejoiced
in the victory of the latter campaign. The full consummation of this triumph he was
never to see, for, a few days before the law went into effect, in January 1916, he was
called by death. A Portland daily paper commented upon his death: "Father of Oregon
Dry Party Passes." There is an especial appropriateness in these words. One might
go further and say that his labors and leadership in all prohibition work of the state
make him pre-eminently the "Father of Oregon Prohibition."

But I. H. Amos was not only a prohibitionist; he was a man of affairs. Indeed, much
of his success in his chosen work was due to his ability to bring about the cooperation
of various civic and church organizations in non-partisan campaigns. He was for many
years superintendent of All Saints Episcopal Sunday school of Cleveland and later of
Trinity Sunday school of Portland, serving as vestryman in both of these churches. As
state secretary of the Sunday School Association of Oregon he inaugurated many for-
ward movements, whose beneficent effects are still felt. Notable among his achievements
was the World's Temperance Congress in connection with the World's Fair, Portland,
1905. Mr. Amos was an enthusiastic member of the Auld Lang Syne Society of Oregon,
for he loved the Oregon country as the land of his heart's desire. He was for some
time a member of the Board of Directors of the Y. M. C. A., also a member of the Oregon
Civic League and chairman of one of its most important committees. If no account
were taken of his labors in the prohibition field Mr. Amos would still be acknowledged
a most important factor in Oregon's progress.

We give a few brief excerpts from testimonials by close friends.

J. P. Newell, Mr. Amos's successor as chairman of the state committee, says:
"Nearly eighteen years of close association with I. H. Amos ever deepened my respect
and affection for him. I have never known him to do an unworthy act or to utter an
unworthy thought. There was no bitterness in his heart toward any person; his indigna-
tion was ever for the deed, never for the doer. Strong and fearless in his convictions,
he was sweet of temper and modest in his estimate of himself. If the energy which he
put into the temperance work had been devoted to selfish use:-j, he would have died rich in
money instead of good works. He had better things to do than make money. Making
the world a better place to live in was more to him than wealth. I have no regret for
the sake of him who has gone, but I am sad when I think of the years to come when
I shall miss the warm handclasp and the wise counsel of my leader and friend."

90 HISTORY OF OREGON

F. McKercher: — "Mr. Amos was a devoted husband and father, a loyal and sym-
pathetic friend, a conscientious business man and a patriotic and self-sacrificing citizen.
He was remarkably gifted in the art of meeting and persuading men. Had his energies
been expended in the usual channels he might easily have had a high standing among
leaders of political thought and action; but his finer sensibilities prevailed, and his
vigorous personality expressed itself in the work of reform for the moral, social, and
political uplift of his country."

T. S. McDaniel: — "Mr. Amos accepted the responsibilities of life seriously. Every-
thing that needed doing meant that he must relate himself to it and give to it the full
measure of his strength. Rarely have I known one who so literally disregarded his
own material interest in determining his course of action. He was to me and many
others in the prohibition ranks, a leader like unto Moses, laboring his full forty years
in the wilderness of indifference, where the people were dull of understanding, unable
to realize that God was ready to take them over Jordan as soon as they were ready to
cooperate with Him. When God brought the people to the border of the promised
land He released I. H. Amos and took him, like the ancient prophet, from a mountain
top of glorious experience to be with Himself."

Like Moses, Mr. Amos chose rather to suffer affliction with the people of God, than
to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season.

Editorial, "The Vindicator": — "Isaiah H. Amos was a good soldier of the Better
Tomorrow. It was impossible to get away from the force of his warm brotherly spirit
or to fail to admire his rock-fast devotion to the truth. It is good to have known him
and to have served with him. The memory he leaves is fragrant and beautiful. It
will be richly worth while, some day, somewhere, where the great and good and wise
and brave form their ranks in the everlasting triumphant march of eternal truth, to
feel again his shoulder touch and hear again his cheer."

GEORGE L. BAKER.

The career of George L. Baker, mayor of Portland, presents a notable example of
a self-made man. From a street Arab of San Francisco to the highest oflBce within the
gift of the people of Portland is a far cry, but the indomitable energy, resolute purpose
and courageous spirit of the man were assets of far greater value than inherited
wealth and utilizing every legitimate opportunity for advancement he has pressed
steadily forward to the goal of success. His life has been filled with adventure and in
the postgraduate school of experience he has learned many valuable lessons.

A native of Oregon Mayor Baker was born at The Dalles in 1S6S, a son of John
and Mary (Edgett) Baker. When a small child he was taken by his parents to Walla
Walla, Washington, where the family resided for a short time and then started over-
land to the Willamette valley of Oregon, traveling by means of a saddle horse and a
pack horse. From there they removed to Seattle, whence they boarded a steamer trans-
porting lumber, working their passage to San Francisco where the father opened a shoe
shop. The family were in very straitened circumstances and George L. Baker was
obliged to leave school at the age of nine years in order to aid in providing funds for
their sustenance. He worked at any honest labor he could obtain, blacking shoes and
selling newspapers, often picking up stray bits of coal from the streets in order to
provide warmth for the family. Later he secured employment at carriage painting,
after which he obtained work in a theatre, an occupation that proved very congenial
to him and rising from the bottom of the ladder he worked his way to the top as far
as theatricals on the Pacific coast were concerned. His first venture into the theatrical
world was not successful and it was not long afterward that he was compelled to seek
employment as a sewer laborer in Seattle in order to replenish the family exchequer.
While the family were residing in Seattle the son made his way to Portland where
he again entered theatrical circles, becoming caretaker for the animals in the Cordray
Museum, while later he was made assistant flyman in the old Marquam Theatre. There
he remained for several years, his energy, conscientious service and capability winning
him successive promotions until he at length rose to the position of manager. His

HISTORY OF OREGON 91

next independent theatrical venture was at Baker, Oregon, where he erected an opera
house at a cost of thirty-three hundred dollars, but the net result of a year of effort
there was failure and loss of all but twenty dollars of the investment. Returning to
Portland he looked about for a new field of operation and finally took a lease on the
old Metropolitan Theatre, which he conducted for a year at a net profit of about thirty-
four thousand dollars. The following year the Portland theatrical field was invaded
by an eastern theatrical interest and in the ensuing controversy for supremacy in
the field Mr. Baker was forced into bankruptcy after an expenditure of about sixty-
one thousand dollars. His strict honesty and integrity are indicated in the fact that
after years of hard work he was at length able to liquidate his indebtedness of
twenty-seven thousand dollars and thus start even with the world, his only assets
being some theatrical fixtures, which, however, were later lost in the fire which
destroyed the old Exposition building, thus leaving him again penniless. Still un-
dismayed by a culmination of misfortunes which would have utterly disheartened a
man of less determination and courage, Mr. Baker once more ventured into the the-
atrical world, leasing the old Tabernacle which he remodelled, launching his new
enterprise under the name of the Bungalow Theatre. This last undertaking proved a
success and he next became interested in the Eleventh Street Theatre, subsequently
taking over the Marquam which now bears his name.

In addition to his business activity Mr. Baker has been very prominent in civic
affairs. For eleven years he served as a member of the city council of Portland,
retiring from that body when the commission form of government was adopted. Two
years thereafter he was elected city commissioner and after serving for two years
in that position he was chosen mayor in 1916 and reelection has since continued him
in that office. He is one of the most popular chief executives the city has ever had.
He is giving to Portland a most public-spirited and progressive administration, char-
acterized by various needed reforms and improvements and the worth of his work
is widely acknowledged. He regards a public office as a position of trust and never
uses his natural talents unworthily nor supports dishonorable causes. His official
record is a most creditable one and he is striving in every way possible to make Port-
land one of the best governed cities in the Pacific northwest.

Mayor Baker is prominent in Masonic circles, having attained the thirty-second
degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory and also belonging to Al Kader Temple of
the Mystic Shrine. He is also identified with the Woodmen of the World, the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is
also a member of a number of civic organizations, including the Chamber of Com-
merce. Mayor Baker is a citizen of whom Portland may well feel proud. He is a
big man in every sense of the word, by nature kind-hearted, sympathetic and gener-
ous and possessing those sterling qualities of manhood which in every land and
clime compel respect and admiration.

FRANCIS MARION WILKINS.

Francis Marion Wilkins, former mayor of Eugene, is one of the most highly
residents of the city. Moreover, he is one of the oldest sons of Oregon,
his birth having occurred in Clackamas county on the 10th of August, 1848.
Throughout the intervening years which have brought Oregon from its territorial
position to a place among the leading states of the Union, he has been greatly inter-
ested in its progress and in all possible ways has aided in its improvement and de-
velopment. His father, the Hon. Mitchell Wilkins, was born in Orange county,
North Carolina, in 1818. In early life he engaged in boating and boat building on
the Mississippi river and subsequently resided near St. Joseph, Missouri, performing
the first carpenter work of any note in that embryo town. In 1847 Mr. Wilkins and
his wife crossed the plains to Oregon and after many trials and tribulations they
reached Clackamas county on the 25th of October. They spent the winter near what
is now Marquam and in the spring of 1848 resumed their journey toward the south,
at length reaching what is now Lane county, where Mr. Wilkins took up a donation
claim of six hundred and forty acres located ten miles northeast of the present site
of the city of Eugene. He at once set about the work of clearing and developing his
claim and had barely become established in his pioneer home when, lured by the
discovery of gold in California, he started for the Eldorado on horseback in the fall

92 HISTORY OP OREGON

of 1849. This venture proved unsuccessful, however, and soon afterward he returned
to his Oregon ranch, where he resided the remainder of his life, devoting his energies
to stock raising, in which he met with a substantial measure of success. He became
a prominent figure in public affairs and in 1876 he was commissioner from Oregon to
the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, acting in the same capacity at the New
Orleans Exposition in 1884 and the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893. He
likewise became one of the organizers of the State Agricultural Society and for many
years served a.s its president. In 1844, in Platte county, Missouri, he married Per-
melia Ann Allan, who was born in Bates county, Missouri, April 7, 1827, a daughter of
Robert and Elizabeth (Morrow) Allan, and they became the parents of seven children,
three of whom are living: Francis Marion, Angeline and Amos. Those deceased are
Jasper, Eliza Jane, Henrietta and May Rose. Mr. Wilkins passed away January 31,
1904, while his wife's death occurred on the 10th of June, 1909. Coming to the state
in pioneer times they bore their full share in the work of development and upbuild-
ing and in the section where they resided they were widely known and universally
honored.

In the acquirement of an education their son, Francis M. Wilkins, attended the
district schools and afterwards learned the drug business. In 1869 he was gradu-
ated from the Portland Business College and in 1877 he embarked in business on
his own account in connection with Dr. Shelton, under the firm name of Shelton &
Wilkins. After a brief period, however, Mr. Wilkins purchased his partner's interest
and conducted the business alone until his retirement in 1895, his reliable and pro-
gressive business methods and his reasonable prices having won for him a good
patronage. He has since been active in public affairs and for eight years served on
the promotion board of the Commercial Club, in which capacity he rendered valuable
service to his city in promoting its business interests. In other public connections
he has given equal demonstration of his loyalty to the best interests of the community,
serving for two years as councilman of his city, to which office he was elected in 1905.
He has also been called to the office of mayor of Eugene and gave to the city a
businesslike and progressive administration, characterized by many needed reforms
and improvements. It was during his tenure of office that the first street paving was
done in the city and the first land purchased for park purposes. He also secured for
the city many needed public utilities, including gas and street car service, and the first
combination wagon for fighting fire was secured during his administration. He served
for a number of years as president of the Lane County Agricultural Society, which
has for its purpose the holding of fairs in Lane county and for the past six years
he has been a member of the board of public commissioners. Thus along many lines
of activity he has contributed to the progress and upbuilding of his city.

In 1872 Mr. Wilkins was united in marriage to Miss Emma Goltra, a native of
Lebanon, Linn county, the wedding ceremony being performed at her home in Lane
county. They have become the parents of five children: Maude, the wife of Herbert
T. Condon of Seattle, Washington; F. L., also a resident of Seattle; Nina, the wife
of Major C. C. McCormack, a surgeon in the United States army; Lucia, who mar-
ried Major H. C. Moore, who spent a year and a half in France and is now stationed at
Ft. Lawton, Washington; and Gladys.

Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and fra-
ternally he is connected with Spencer Butte Lodge, No. 9, I. O. 0. F., and is also a
past chief patriarch of Wimawhala Encampment, No. 6. He became a member of the
first lodge of the Knights of Pythias organized at Eugene and is identified with Eugene
Camp, No. 15, Woodmen of the World, of which he became a charter member.

A. E. PETERSEN.

A. E. Petersen, a successful real estate dealer of Salem, is also well known as a
horticulturist, being the owner of one hundred and four acres of valuable land in this
vicinity, devoted principally to the raising of fruit, and along both lines of activity he
has contributed to the work of development and improvement in his section of the state.
He was born at Red Wing, Minnesota, October 12, 1877, and is a son of J. H. Petersen,
a native of Norway, who came to the United States when seven years of age, becoming
a resident of Red Wing. Subsequently he went to St. Paul and in 1889 he came to Port-
land, Oregon, establishing himself in the cutlery business. He has been very success-

HISTORY OF OREGON 93

ful in the conduct of his mercantile interests and although sixty-four years of age is still
an active factor in commercial circles, his place of business being at No. Ill Third
street, in Portland. In 1876, in Red Wing, Minnesota, he was united in marriage to
Miss Mary Suhrs, who was born in that city in 1856. Mr. Petersen was one of the early
settlers of Minnesota, having located in that state before the building of a railroad
through that section of the country. He maintains his residence in Salem, although his
business interests are in Portland, and his sterling traits of character have gained for
him a wide circle of friends.

In the schools of St. Paul, Minnesota, and Portland, Oregon, A. E. Petersen pursued
his education and on starting out in life independently he became identified with the
real estate business, handling Northern Pacific Railroad lands. He had also pursued a
course in law and was associated in practice with Charles H. Abercrombie, city attorney
of Astoria, and they likewise engaged in handling realty, their activities in that field
constituting an important element in promoting the substantial growth and upbuilding
of the city of Astoria. Subsequently Mr. Petersen operated the Seaburg Fish Cannery
on the Rogue river for two years, after which he returnd to Salem, where he became
identified with the real estate business and also followed the occupation of farming,
along which lines he is still active, his office being located in the Oregon building. He
has negotiated many important realty transfers and has an intimate knowledge of the
worth of real estate in his locality, being considered an expert in placing valuations
upon property. He is also successfully conducting his farming interests, being the
owner of a twenty-four acre ranch adjoining the city limits, which is devoted to the
cultivation of prunes, cherries, apples and loganberries. He also owns a farm of eighty
acres eight miles south of Salem and on this property he raises prunes, loganberries and
grain. He employs the most scientific methods in the cultivation of his land, his efforts
being productive of excellent results. He maintains his residence in Salem and is the
owner of an attractive home at No. 823 North Commercial street.

On the 8th of June, 1911, Mr. Petersen was united in marriage to Miss Grace Mosier,
a daughter of Tobias and Mary (Beeman) Mosier, honored pioneer settlers of Oregon
and members of two of its most prominent and influential families. The father came
to the Willamette valley in 1847 and the mother arrived four years later. Both crossed
the plains with ox teams, experiencing the horrors of Indian attacks and passing near
the scene of the Whitman massacre. Mr. Petersen is fond of good literature and is an
extremely well-read man, having devoted much time to the study of history. He is
regarded as an authority on the history of Oregon and has in his possession many val-
uable books pertaining thereto. His labors have always been constructive and intelli-
gently carried forward, resulting in the attainment of a substantial measure of success,
while at the same time his efforts have proved a valuable element in promoting the
growth and prosperity of his community. He is recognized as an enterprising and alert
business man and as a public-spirited citizen and his personal qualities are such that he
has gained the warm friendship of many.

EDWARD GRENFELL.

As fire marshal of Portland Edward Grenfell is rendering most Important and
valuable service to the city, discharging the duties of the office with notable capa-
bility and fidelity. He is one of Oregon's native sons, his birth having occurred at
McMlnnville in 1882. His parents, Edward and Annie (Shank) Grenfell, were na-
tives of Cornwall, England, and of New Zealand, respectively, the father coming to
Oregon in the '80s by way of Cape Horn. In this state he engaged in farming and to
him and his wife were born ten children, namely: Nettie, Thomas, Edward, Stewart,
Stephen, William, Ralph, Lester, Ernest and Izora.

Edward Grenfell, the third in the family, was reared on his father's farm and
remained at home until he reached the age of twenty years. On starting out in life
independently he became connected with the Bremerton navy yards, where Be remained
for two years and then made his way to Portland, securing employment as a member
of the fire department. His faithful and efficient service soon won recognition and
in December, 1907, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and in March of the
following year was made captain. In January, 1918, he received the appointment of
fire marshal and also became battalion chief of district No. 1, being now at the
head of fire prevention work in Portland. His thorough preliminary training and

94 HISTORY OF OREGON

broad experience well qualify him for this responsible position and he is conducting
the department along the most modern and progi-essive lines, at all times keeping
abreast with the advancement that is being made in methods of fire prevention.
He is a thoroughly dependable man, of courageous spirit and firm determination and
is deserving of the highest commendation for the capable manner in which he is dis-
charging his duties.

In 1915 Mr. Grenfell was united in marriage to Miss Iva O. Olenstead who was
born and reared in the state of New York. In his political views he is a republican,
stalwart in his support of the principles and candidates of the party and fraternally
he is identified with the Woodmen of the World. He is also a Mason of high rank,
having attained the thirty-second degree in the consistory and also belonging to the
Shrine, and in his life he exemplifies the beneficent teachings of the order. His entire
career has been characterized by marked devotion to duty and in safeguarding the
lives and property of the citizens of Portland he is performing a service of inestimable
worth.

ALPHA EUGENE ROCKEY, M. D.

The name of Dr. Alpha Eugene Rockey of Portland figures prominently in the
annals of surgery in the northwest. Since 1891 Dr. Rockey has practiced in the Rose
City and his wide study and increasing experience have placed him in the front rank
among those of expert skill in this section of the country. A native of Illinois, he was
born in 1857, and following the completion of a course in medicine he practiced for
ten years in Iowa City. While there residing he was united in marriage to Miss Phila
Jane Watson and they became the parents of two sons. Anxious to obtain the highest
degree of efficiency possible in his chosen profession and actuated at all times by a
sense of conscientious duty in his chosen work, he went abroad for postgraduate study
in pathology and surgery, spending several years in the universities of London, Berlin,
Vienna, Paris and Cairo.

Coming to Portland in 1891, Dr. Rockey concentrated his efforts largely upon general
surgical practice and also for nineteen years was surgeon to the street railways, first
to the Oregon Water Power & Railway Company, and from the time of its organization
chief surgeon to the Portland Railway, Light & Power Company, until after his return
from military service. He then resigned this position to engage in the exclusive prac-
tice of surgery in association with his sons, Drs. Paul and Eugene Watson Rockey.

Dr. Rockey of this review is a member of the county, state and national medical
associations and of the North Pacific Surgical Association, o£ the American College of
Surgeons and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has
served as president of the city, the county and the state medical societies and has made
numerous and valuable contributions to surgical literature, becoming widely known in
this connection.

In 1911 Dr. Rockey was commissioned lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps
by President William Howard Taft. When America entered the World war he and
his sons applied for active service and were assigned to duty at the base hospital at
Camp Lewis. There the father was given the rank of major and made chief of the
surgical service. His sons went overseas with the American Expeditionary Forces,
did active duty in evacuation hospitals in France and after the armistice were with the
Third Army in the occupied territory. Dr. Rockey was retired from active duty in
May, 1919, with the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Medical Reserve Corps of the
army.

HOLDER M. PIHL.

Holger M. Pihl, of the Pihl Transfer & Storage Company of Portland, conducting a
baggage, packing and shipping business, is a native of Denmark, his birth having
occurred at Bornholm, in that country. His father, Chris Pihl, was also a native of
that place and is still farming there at the age of sixty-eight years. The mother, who
bore the maiden name of Marie Dedrickson, is also living.

Holger M. Pihl was educated in the common schools of his native country and when

LIEUTENANT COLONEL A. E. ROCKEY

HISTORY OF OREGON 97

eighteen years of age bade adieu to friends and family and sailed for the new world.
He made his way at once to Oregon and engaged in farming in Washington county,
being employed by John F. Forbis for seven years. Then in connection with his
brother, Carl C. Pihl, he purchased a farm at Banks, Oregon, comprising one hundred
and sixty-four acres of land and continued the cultivation of the place for two years.
The brothers still own the property, from which they expect to remove all the timber,
and stock it with Jersey cows in the near future. It was in 1915 that Holger M. Pihl
and his brother, M. P., entered the transfer and storage business and today their annual
patronage brings them in more than thirty-six thousand dollars. They operate one
light and five heavy service trucks and their business is steadily increasing. It is
conducted as a partnership arrangement, Holger M. Pihl being associated with his
brother, M. P. Pihl, who came to the United States in 190S and established the business.
Another brother, C. C. Pihl, came to Oregon in 1904 and is also a resident of Portland,
but is not connected with the company. The Pihl Transfer & Storage Company employs
six men and the two brothers, who own the business, are stockholders also of the
Cremona Phonograph Company of Albany, Oregon.

In 1919 Holger M. Pihl was married to Miss Lena Stevens, a native of this state
and a daughter of J. Stevens, who has been in the employ of the City Water Works
for twenty-two years. They have one child, a daughter, Margery Ellen, who is an
Infant. Both of Mrs. Pihl's parents are pioneers of Oregon and are still living in this
state.

Mr. Pihl deserves great credit for what he has accomplished. He borrowed one
hundred dollars with which to pay his passage to the United States and thus empty
handed he started out in the business wo: Id. Step by step he has advanced and his
success has led him to an enviable position among the industrious and progressive
young business men of his adopted city.

J. B. LABER.

J. B. Laber, whose real estate activities in Portland have been of an important
character, was born in Kentucky in 1S65 and came to Oregon in 1880, when a youth of
fifteen years. For two years after his arrival in the northwest he taught school in
Vancouver, Washington. Since that time his attention has been given to real estate
activities and he has contributed much to the development of Portland and this section
of the state. He was active in promoting the Interstate Bridge, the Union Stock
Yards and the Greater Port Development, and his land holdings in the peninsular
district of Portland are considerable. While he has been one of the city's most active
and public-spirited men he shrinks from anything that savors of personal publicity.
The Peninsular Development project, which is one of the largest in the northwest,
is located at the junction of the Willamette and Columbia rivers, which he terms the
Manhattan of the Pacific, for the end of the peninsula is laid out in the form of the
battery of New York city and is so called in this gigantic plan of city building. Mr.
Laber is content to place the judgment of his activities with the people and he finds
his pleasure at his own fireside with his family.

M. J. DRISCOLL.

M. J. Driscoll, president of the Driscoll & Collier Transfer Company of Portland,
was born in Connecticut, May 12, 1866. His father, Timothy Driscoll, was a native of
Ireland and came to America fifty-seven years ago, after which he engaged in the
cotton manufacturing business, continuing his residence in New England throughout
his remaining days. He passed away at Providence, Rhode Island, about fifteen years
ago. The mother, who bore the maiden name of Hanova O'Shea, was also a native of
Ireland, and they were married in that country.

M. J. Driscoll obtained his education in the public schools of his native state and
thirty years ago came to Oregon, settling in Portland. For nine years he was connected
with the fire department of the city and then turned his attention to the livery business,
which he conducted at Fifth and Pine streets until the building was sold, when he
removed to Washington and Nineteenth streets. Four years later he disposed of his

Vol. II— 7

98 HISTORY OF OKEGON

livery barn and turned his attention to the draying business with office at 27 Second
street. After being located there for twelve years he removed to his present location
at 284 Everett street. He carries on a general draying business and employs about
twenty people, utilizing fourteen wagons and two auto trucks in the conduct of his
business, which is carried on under the name of the Driscoll & Collier Transfer Company,
of which he is president, while his wife is vice president.

Mr. Driscoll was first united in marriage to Miss Mary Callahan, a native of
Norwich, Connecticut, and to them was born one child, Alice, who is now a teacher in
the Glen Haven school. A few years after his first wife passed away he was united in
marriage to Miss Margaret Frainey, a native of Portland.

In politics Mr. Driscoll is a republican and tor four years served as a member
of the city council, exercising his official prerogatives in support of the many plans and
measures for the general good. Fraternally he is connected with the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks, the Foresters, the Hibernians and the Woodmen of the World. He
has become well known as an active and representative business man in Portland and
concentrates the greater part of his time and attention upon his business affairs, yet is
interested in all matters pertaining to the general welfare, and his support and coopera-
tion can be counted upon to further various measures for the public good.

HON. ARCHIE J. JOHNSON.

Hon. Archie J. Johnson, president of the Benton County State Bank of Corvallis, is
a man of resourceful business ability who has not only won distinction in the field of
finance but is equally prominent as an agriculturist, stock-raiser, lumberman and
statesman. A representative of one of the oldest families of the state, he was born in
Marion county, Oregon, September 18, 1867, on the old donation land claim of his
grandfather, Hiram Alvah Johnson. His parents, John Charles and Violetta
(Gunsaules) Johnson, were natives of Illinois, the former born in Pike county in 1842
and the latter in Knox county, April 19, 1846. In 1847 Hiram Alvah Johnson started
with his family across the plains, traveling with ox teams and wagons, his son, John
C. Johnson, being at that time but five years of age. On reaching Oregon, Hiram A.
Johnson took up a donation claim in Marion county, three miles north of the present
site of the town of Jefferson, and it was upon this property that Archie J. Johnson was
born. The grandfather at once began the arduous task of clearing and developing his
claim, on which he continued to reside for several years, and subsequently he was for
some time engaged in general merchandising at Jefferson. At length he removed to
Salem, Oregon, where he became prominent in public affairs, serving as justice of the
peace for a period of eighteen years. He passed away at Salem at the age of seventy-
seven years, and his wife, surviving him for two years, died at the age of seventy-six.
She also crossed the plains with her parents in 1852, making the journey with ox teams
and settling near Jefferson, Oregon.

John C. Johnson, the eldest son of the family, was reared and educated in Marion
county, Oregon, and after completing his studies he engaged in teaching school for two
years. He then turned his attention to farming and stock raising, purchasing land
near Scio in Linn county, which he improved and developed, and he was active in its
operation until 1874. He then removed to Scio, where he engaged in general merchandis-
ing for a number of years and subsequently became interested in the money-loaning
business in that city and was thus active for some time. At a still later period, in
association with his son, Archie J., he purchased the mercantile business which he had
formerly owned and managed at Scio. conducting it under the firm name of J. C. Johnson
& Son at that point for about four years, when he removed to Salem and there lived
retired until 1913, when he took up his abode in Corvallis, where he resided up to the
date of his death, December 3, 1920. The mother survives. As pioneers of this state
their experiences were broad and varied, bringing them knowledge of every phase of
frontier life. Great indeed have been the changes which have been wrought in the
intervening period, and in the work of development and improvement they bore their
full share.

Archie J. Johnson was reared and educated in Linn county, attending the public
schools of Scio, and subsequently was a student in the Portland Business College, from
which he was graduated at the age of eighteen. On starting out in the business world

HISTORY OF OREGON 99

he became a clerk in a general mercantile establishment, with which he was connected
tor a period of six years. In 18S8 he went to Seattle, Washington, where he became
associated with the firm of White & Company, dealers in real estate, with whom he
continued for one and a half years, platting six additions to that city and selling four
while there and two after leaving Seattle. In 1SS9 he returned to Scio and in association
with his father purchased the store which the latter had formerly conducted there and
this they continued to operate for about three years. In 1890, while a resident of Scio,
Archie J. Johnson became one of the organizers of the Bank of Scio and thus received
his initial experience in financial affairs. Two years later, or in 1892, in association
with T. J. Munkers, Mr. Johnson purchased the bank, becoming its cashier. In 1895 he
turned his attention to manufacturing interests, purchasing an interest in the Scio
Milling Company, of which he became manager, and serving in that capacity until 1902,
when he disposed of all of his business investments in the town. In 1900 he had been
appointed national bank examiner, which position he filled for six and a half years,
covering the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana and Wyoming and ably
discharging his duties in that connection. In 1903 he purchased a stock farm of forty-
one hundred acres in the northern part of Benton county. This was the largest stock
ranch in the county in a single body of land, and Mr. Johnson's brother-in-law and his
brother C. V. assisted him in its operation. In 1903 he and his family removed to
Corvallis. In 1906 he resigned his position as bank examiner and organized the Benton
County National Bank of Corvallis, erecting the building in which the institution is
now housed. On the 25th of July, 1907, the bank opened its doors for business and
in 1916 it was made a state bank, through taking out a state charter. From the time
of its organization Mr. Johnson has been president of the bank, which has become known
as one of the strongest financial institutions of the county, the successful conduct of
the enterprise being largely due to his initiative and ability. The policy of the bank
has been strongly influenced by his business principles, and while he is ever progressive
and aggressive, he employs that conservatism necessary to safeguard the interests of
depositors as well as stockholders. Mr. Johnson also acts as manager of the bank, with
J. L. Gault as vice president and cashier; his son, Elmo E. and Floyd B. Bogue, his
son-in-law as assistant cashiers. The institution is capitalized for sixty thousand
dollars, has a surplus of twenty thousand dollars, resources amounting to one million
and a quarter dollars, while its deposits have reached the sum of approximately one
million, two hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Johnson is also president of the Willamette
Valley Stock & Land Company, live stock, lumber and bond brokers. He is likewise
interested in farming and stock raising, having a valuable farm near Corvallis, on which
he has until recently kept his fine herd of registered Jersey cattle. He also specializes
in the breeding of Hampshire-Down sheep with his associates on their fine farm of
five hundred and forty acres in South Benton. His agricultural interests are extensive
and important and in addition to his holdings in this state he is the owner of large
ranches in Montana and Washington. During the World war he purchased some fine
spruce timber land on the Siletz river in Lincoln county and erected a mill at the
mouth of that stream, taking large government contracts for cutting spruce lumber for
airplanes and continuing its operation until the close of the war. He is a man
of exceptional business qualifications, who is continually broadening the scope of his
activities with good results, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he
undertakes, for in his vocabulary there is no such word as fail.

On the 31st of January, 18SS, Mr, Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Linnie
Young, a daughter of Nathan and Mary Young, natives of Ohio. In an early day her
father moved westward, becoming a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he
engaged in the milling business. In 1880 he came to Oregon and after residing at
various places in the state he at length removed to Scio, where he continued to make
his home from 1884 until his demise in May, 1919, at the venerable age of ninety years.
The mother passed away in 1914 and they were highly respected residents of their
community. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson were born seven children, as follows: CLeo
married J. F. Porter, formerly cashier of the Benton County State Bank, but now
secretary of the Willamette Valley Stock & Land Company. They reside in Corvallis
and have one child, Lyle. Zeta became the wife of Floyd E. Bogue, assistant cashier of
the Benton County State Bank, and passed away in January, 1919, as a victim of the
Influenza. Elmo E., who also acts as assistant cashier of the Benton County State
Bank, married Linnie D. Durrell and they have two children, Donald and Charles.
Darrell D., manager of the Willamette Valley Stock & Land Company, married Bertha
McHenry and they have become the parents of a son, Dick. Orlo O. is a student in

100 HISTORY OP OREGON

the Oregon Agricultural College. Wanda L. is a high school pupil. Archie J., Jr., who is
eight years of age, is attending the graded schools.

In his political views Mr. Johnson is a republican and he has taken a prominent
part in the public affairs of his county and state. In 1S94 he was elected state senator
from Linn county, in which office he served for four years, giving earnest support to
all the bills which he believed would prove beneficial to the commonwealth. He care-
fully studied the problems which came up for settlement and his legislative career is
one over which there falls no shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. While a resident
of Scio he was for two terms a member of the town council and also served as mayor
of the city for one term. Since becoming a resident of Corvallis he has served as a
member of the council for one term and for two years as mayor, in which connection
he gave to the city a most businesslike and progressive administration. In 1906, while
still serving in the office of mayor, he was elected state senator from Benton county,
which office he filled for four years, again rendering important and valuable service
to his county and state, his influence being ever on the side of advancement and im-
provement. At the expiration of his term in 1910 he refused to be a candidate to succeed
himself. He is much interested in the welfare and development of his city and for
two years was president of the Corvallis Commercial Club, in which connection he
contributed largely to the extension of its trade relations. Fraternally Mr. Johnson is
identified with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, and in the latter organization he has passed through all of the chairs. In
religious faith he is a Presbyterian and an active worker in the church, having since
1905 served as chairman of its board of trustees. The activities of Mr. Johnson have
ever been of a constructive character and he deserves classification with the builders of
the great northwest, for he has taken an active part in the development of the material
resources of the country and the promotion of commercial and financial interests. His
initiative spirit and notable ability have carried him into important relations and the
breadth and scope of his interests have been such that his labors have constituted an
important feature in the history of the state. He stands always on the side of progress
and improvement, of right and reform, and he is a representative of the highest type
of American manhood and citizenship.

During the World war, Mr. Johnson accepted the chairmanship of Benton County's
War Council and was made chairman of all war drives, devoting practically all of his
time to such work, ever putting his county over the top. His son Darrell D., was one
of the first to volunteer his services in the army, going to the first training camp at
the Presidio, where he was given a second lieutenant's commission. He went to France
with the Ninety-first Division; was in the great Argonne Forest fight, where he was
wounded on the night of September 26, 191S, and was compelled to lie in the hospital
at Bordeaux for two and a half months before he could return to his home in America.
He is now fully recovered however. Orlo 0. volunteered as a marine but spent his time
along the Atlantic coast mainly, not being priviledged to go across the waters.

SYLVESTER FARRELL.

When Sylvester Farrell passed away in 1909 death removed one who had long
been a most honored and prominent factor in the business life and development of
Portland. Looking at his record through the perspective of the years, one realizes
how valuable was his contribution to the city. He was a man of well balanced
capacities and powers who long occupied a central place on the stage of action and his
labors found culmination in the development of a number of most important industries.
While a most active factor in business, he never allowed personal interests or ambition
to dwarf his public spirit or activities. His was the record of a strenuous life — the
record of a strong individuality, sure of itself, stable in purpose, quick in perception,
swift in decision, energetic and persistent in action.

Mr. Farrell was of Canadian nativity, his birth having occurred at St. Thomas,
Ontario, August 2, 1833. He was the eldest of a family of three sons and a daughter
and was only ten years of age when left an orphan, an uncle acting as guardian. He
and his younger brothers lived upon a farm and their opportunities of acquiring an
education were extremely meager. Sylvester Farrell received less than a year's instruc-
tion in the schoolroom but learned many valuable lessons in the school of experience
and was continually promoting his knowledge by reading and observation, so that he

SYLVESTER FARRELL

HISTORY OF OREGON 103

became a man of notably sound judgment and manifested keen insight and sagacity
concerning business affairs and other experiences of life. The urge of necessity
prompted him to seek employment when he was still quite young, his first position
being that of a clerk in a grocery store in St. Thomas, Ontario. Attracted by the
opportunities of the great and growing west, he made his way to San Francisco, where
he learned the miller's trade, being employed along that line for three years.

Mr. Farrell became a resident of Portland in 1867 and after working along various
lines he entered into partnership with Richard Everding and purchased the business of
the firm of Everding & Beebe, the senior partner of which was a brother of Richard
Everding. With the change in ownership the firm style of Everding & Farrell was
adopted and the business was later incorporated under that name. Mr. Farrell was
continuously connected with the lirm from 1867 until the time of his demise and the
business is still carried on at the old location — 140 Front street. They conducted a
wholesale produce and commission business and their patronage steadily increased
until their interests had assumed extensive proportions. After some years the firm
also became identified with logging and with the salmon packing industry, owning can-
neries at Pillar Rock, Washington, where their output amounted to thirty thousand cases
yearly. Their logging interests are at Deep River, Washington, and the timber is sold
directly to the mills. It was in connection with George T. Myers that Mr. Farrell built
the first salmon cannery on Puget Sound in 1879 but afterward disposed ot his interest
in that enterprise to his partner. It was subsequent to this time that he developed
his interests at Pillar Rock on the Columbia river and became president of the Pillar
Rock Packing Company. As commission merchants in the grain trade the company
built up a most extensive business, theirs being one of the first commission houses in
the city, and it came to be a current phrase that "Mr. Farrell opened Front street every
morning," for he was usually at his post between six and seven o'clock. Work was his
pleasure and for forty years, from early morning until late in the evening, he was
seldom off duty at the store of Everding & Farrell. With his firm he also became
extensively interested in timber lands, in logging companies and in farm lands. What-
ever he undertook seemed to prosper and yet this was not the result of any fortunate
combination of circumstances but the direct outcome of business ability that was devel-
oped through years of experience and close application.

Death came to Mr. Farrell suddenly. On the morning of the 11th of January, 1909,
he went as usual to his office and a few moments after entering the room was seen to
stagger and fall. His nephew, standing near, caught him but almost Instantly he
breathed his last.

In early manhood Mr. Farrell was united in marriage to Miss Honor Miller and
they became the parents of five children. Thomas George was associated with his
father in business. Robert S., who was also admitted to partnership by his father, is
a member ot the state senate and one of the most prominent legislators ot Oregon, who
served for two terms in the house and for tour terms has been a member of the senate.
Fraternally, too, he has extensive connections. Annie, the eldest daughter, is the wife
of Frederick W. Cookman. Ida is the wife ot W. W. Youngson. The youngest daughter,
Jessie, is at home with her mother.

A contemporary biographer has written of Mr. Farrell as follows: "While Mr.
Farrell held membership with the Masons, the Odd Fellows, the United Workmen and
a number ot other fraternal organizations, he seldom attended lodge, invariably spend-
ing his evenings at home with his family, to whom he was most devoted. His kindly
spirit was always manifest in his treatment of dumb animals and a pet dog, horse or
cat was almost invariably his companion. In his office for seven years he had a large
maltese cat and each Sunday and on holidays he would go to the store with milk and
food for his pets. A nature that thus responds to the needs of the dumb animals is
sure to have a heart warm with kindness for all humanity and the spirit of helpful-
ness was manifest in all Mr. Farrell's relations with his fellowmen. He was one of the
founders and for many years a trustee of the Boys and Girls Aid Society of the state
of Oregon. He was never neglectful of the duties of citizenship and gave hearty and
generous response when his aid was needed to further any public project that promised
to be of value to city, state or nation. He figured prominently in state and county
politics, for several terms represented his district in the general assembly and for
six years was a member of the city council. He served upon nearly all of the city
commissions and up to the time of his death was a member of the state board of pilot
commissioners.

"The Oregonian of January 13, 1909, published the following tribute from the pen

104 HISTORY OP OREGON

of one who had known him long and well: 'The lives well spent, the good names well
earned, are not so numerous as to be overlooked. The passing over of Sylvester Farrell
deserves public recognition. Commencing his business life in this city forty years
ago in a little, old, ramshackle shed of a warehouse on the river's brink, near the foot
of Madison street, with nothing but willing hands and honest hearts, he and his still
remaining partner built up a profitable and enduring business which defied the storms
of adversity, brought them an ample fortune and placed their names at the top of the
list of honest, successful and absolutely trustworthy merchants. No man ever trusted
the word of Sylvester Farrell and was disappointed. His word was as good as his
bond and passed current for ready cash. Not only in private life, but equally so in all
his business transactions, he was a Just man and loved mercy. Many is the man whose
account has been carried by his firm through the stress of hard times and until the
clouds had rolled by, bringing relief. Whether he was a member of any church, I know
not, but in his intercourse with his fellowmen he manifested the vital principle of
Christianity and never forgot the Golden Rule. As a citizen Mr. Farrell was a model
man. Willing to serve wherever he could render useful service, he most efliclently
served his city and state in many positions and without self-seeking in any form. Pub-
lic-spirited to the extent of his ability, he rendered valuable aid in developing the re-
sources of the state and building up this city. He was one of the directors of the
company that proposed and constructed the Dayton, Sheridan & Dallas Railroad, which
was the foundation of the second railroad system of the Willamette valley, and ren-
dered great and effective support to that enterprise. He also gave great aid to the
railroad development of the timber resources of the Columbia river region. And tak-
ing the man in all his relations to his fellow citizens, his city and his state, he is
among all the hundred thousand citizen voters of the state most worthily to be ranked
the one in a thousand. Good friend, true man, hail and farewell!' The machinery of
an iron constitution suddenly stopped. The light of his lamp has gone out, and Sylves-
ter Farrell, the Junior member of the oldest living firm in the city of Portland, has
crossed the great river, there to await those who will follow."

WILLIAM H. WHEELER.

As editor and proprietor of the Brownsville Times, William H. Wheeler is pro-
ducing a newspaper of much interest and value to the community in which he lives.
He was born in Vermont, November 10, 1S50, a son of William Henry Harrison and
Ann (Standish) Wheeler, the former a native of the Green Mountain state, while the
latter was born in Canada. In the east the father followed the trades of a carpenter
and tanner and also engaged in farming for many years, but in 1S53 he crossed the
border into Canada and remained a resident of that country throughout- the remainder
of his life. He passed away in ISSl at the age of sixty-six years, while the mother's
death occurred in 1S97, when she was seventy-seven years of age.

Their son, William H. Wheeler, was reared and educated in Canada, within fifty
feet of the United States boundary line, and there learned the printer's trade. Returning
to his native state, he became editor of the Vermont Farmer, serving in that capacity
in 187.3 and 1874. Two years later he went west to California and in 1877 he purchased
a paper at Watsonville, California, which he conducted for three years and then went
to San Francisco, where he became a member of the editorial staff of the Chronicle. At
the end of four years he severed his connection with that publication and turned his
attention to farming. Coming to Oregon, he took up a homestead in Lane county and
this he improved and developed, continuing its cultivation for a period of seventeen
years. He then sold the property and turned his attention to other lines, conducting a
hotel at Seaside, Oregon, for two years. Reentering the field of Journalism, he went
to Eugene and while a resident of that city was connected with the Register for seven
years. In June, 1919, he arrived In Brownsville and leased the Brownsville Times,
which he has since operated, but previous to that time had acted as correspondent tor
city papers. The Times is one of the best and most influential newspapers in this
section of the state. Its local columns are always full of interest and the news of the
world is clearly and concisely set forth. Its information is accurate and reliable and
it has become popular' with the reading public, enjoying a large circulation, and is
therefore a good advertising medium. Mr. Wheeler is familiar with every phase of
newspaper publication and in the management of the Times is meeting with excellent

HISTORY OF OREGON 105

While operating his farm in Lane county he specialized in the raising of
Jersey cattle and he is still the owner of a residence in Eugene.

In September, 1919, Mr. Wheeler was united in marriage to Mrs. Anna A. Harvey,
and by a former marriage he has a son, Marion P. Wlieeler, who is postmaster at
Greenleaf, Oregon, and a daughter, Mabel, who is the wife of Alfred Steinhauer and
also resides at Greenleaf. Mr. Wheeler owes much of his success to his wife, who
ably assists him in his editorial work. In politics he is independent and Mrs. Wheeler
is a member of the Christian church. He stands at all times for improvement in
everything relating to the upbuilding and development of the county along intellectual,
political, material and moral lines and his many sterling traits of character have won
for him the high regard of all who know him.

F. T. WILCOX.

F. T. Wilcox, president of the Fernwood Dairy of Portland, has for fourteen years
been a resident of this city. He was born in Big Rapids, Michigan, October 29, 1869,
and is a son of S. S. and Adelaide L. (Barber) Wilcox. The father was a native of
New York, born in 1S41. He pursued his education in the public schools of that state
and at a college at Albany, New York, and in 1865 removed westward to Michigan. He
entered the hardware business at Big Rapids, that state, and was also a director of the
First National Bank of that place for twenty years, long occupying a prominent position
in the commercial and financial circles there. In 1887 he retired and moved to West
Superior, Wisconsin, where he passed away in 1892. His wife was born in Pontiac,
Michigan, and was a daughter of T. W. Barber, a carriage and wagon manufacturer of
Pontiac. Mrs. Wilcox passed away in Portland in 1908 while visiting her son.

To the public school system of his native state F. T. Wilcox is indebted for the
educational privileges which he enjoyed and which prepared him for life's practical
and responsible duties. He also pursued a special business course and was thus well
qualified for the activities which later claimed his time and attention. For a con-
siderable period he was engaged in the hardware business in Superior, Wisconsin, and
also became interested in the dairy business there, so that he gained knowledge of and
experience in the business while still residing in the Mississippi Valley. In 1906 he
removed to the northwest, settling first in Seattle, Washington, but after a short time he
came to Portland and here soon entered the dairy business, establishing the Fernwood
Dairy, which has since become one of the profitable enterprises of this character in
Oregon. The business has been incorporated with Mr. F. T. Wilcox as president, S. S.
Wilcox as vice president, and L. G. McConnell as secretary and treasurer. Their estab-
lishment is located at Nos. 13 and 15 Union avenue, and they conduct a general creamery
business and manufacture butter and are also wholesale distributors of milk, cream,
butter, eggs and cheese. Their establishment furnishes employment to about thirty-
seven people.

In 1891 Mr. Wilcox was united in marriage to Miss Cora D. Apthorp, a native of
Medina, Ohio, and a daughter of James Apthorp, a cabinet-maker, now deceased. To Mr.
and Mrs. Wilcox were born two children: Fred T., now attending Jefferson high
school at the age of sixteen years; and Stephen S., twenty-five years of age, who married
Helen Woodcock, a daughter of C. C. Woodcock, a Portland lumberman. Mr. Wilcox
is a member of the Knights of Pythias and his son, Stephen S. Wilcox, is a Mason,
while the latter's wife is connected with the Eastern Star. The family is well known
in Portland, where through the pursuit of a legitimate business Mr. Wilcox has won
substantial success and also gained an honored name.

F. G. MYERS.

F. G. Myers, who for over three decades has been a resident of Salem, is well
known as the owner and proprietor of The Spa, one of the leading restaurants and
refreshment parlors in the state. He is a most enterprising and progressive business
man and his success is the direct result of his close application, perseverance and
unremitting energy. He was born in Oil City, Pennsylvania, May 27, 1879, and when
eleven years of age came to Oregon with his parents, David S. and Clara (Weaver)

10(i HISTORY OF OREGON

Myers, who took up their residence on a farm east of Lebanon. The father engaged in
the work of tilling the soil until 1904, when he met an accidental death, being killed by
a falling tree. The mother survives and resides with her son, O. J. Myers, in Salem.

In the public schools of Salem, F. G. Myers acquired his education, later pursuing
a course in a business college. In 1898 he became an employe of W. T. Stolz, a candy
manufacturer, who was at that time the owner of The apa. He devoted his energies
to acquiring a thorough knowledge of the business, faithfully performing every task
assigned him, and at the end of four years was made manager. Carefully saving his
earnings, he was at length able to purchase a fifth interest in the business and at the
end of two years increased his holdings to a half interest, while in 1917 he bought
out the entire business, which he has since most successfully conducted, now having
one of the most attractive restaurants and refreshment parlors in the state. He is most
progressive and enterprising in his business methods and has recently let a contract
for six thousand dollars to cover the cost of enlarging and decorating his establishment,
which when completed will have a seating capacity of one hundred and ninety-eight
persons. He has installed a refrigeration plant in connection with his business and his
soda fountain is twenty-nine feet in length. He thoroughly understands the restaurant
and confectionery business and is regarded as an expert candy-maker, manufacturing
over one hundred varieties, having perhaps the most diversified line on the coast. He
makes everything that he sells, including ice cream, sherbets and lemon custards, the
last named being a specialty on which he has the monopoly for this section of the
country. He maintains a strictly high class restaurant, the service and food being of
superior quality, and he is now conducting an extensive business, giving employment to
twenty-six people, his pay roll amounting to twenty-nine thousand dollars per year.
The Spa is one of the oldest and best known restaurants and refreshment parlors in
this section of the country, having been in operation for thirty-two years, and Mr.
Myers has had its name copyrighted for the state of Oregon. Its furnishings are in
excellent taste and it draws its patronage from the best class of people in the city.

In 1907 Mr. Myers was united in marriage to Miss May E. Priester, a native of
Mapleton, Iowa, and they have become the parents of two children: Deryl Franklin and
Maxine May. Mr. Myers is a self-made man, whose prosperity is attributable entirely
to his own efforts. He is regarded as one of the prominent citizens of Salem because
of his sterling worth, because of his business enterprise and because of his fidelity to
every interest calculated to promote the welfare and upbuilding of this section of
the state.

JOHN LELAND HENDERSON.

John Leland Henderson, attorney at law at Tillamook city, is descended from dis-
tinguished American ancestry in both paternal and maternal lines, the names of his
ancestors appearing in the history of this country from the earliest colonial days. His
birth occurred in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1851, and he is a son of John and Catherine
(Leland) Henderson, the former a native of Indiana. The grandfather, also named
John, was one of the most distinguished lawyers of the south and was a contemporary
of Clay, Calhoun and Webster. For many years he served his state in the United States
senate and Daniel Webster is said to have remarked of him that Senator Henderson
was without doubt the best land lawyer in America. His son John, the father of John
Leland Henderson, was associated with him in connection with the legal profession.
Like his father he was a man of strong convictions and had numerous friends and
enemies. During one of the political riots at the time of reconstruction in the south,
he was shot while in the streets of New Orleans in February, 1866, and passed away
soon afterward. The American founder of the Leland family was Henry Leland, an
English gentleman, who came to this country in 1652, and our subject is a direct de-
scendant through his ■J'^n Ebenezer of Sherburne and his son Phineas Eleazer of Graf-
ton. A grand aunt of Mr. Henderson's was Abigail Leland, who married Millard Fill-
more, later president of the United States. A great aunt, Elvira Leland, married
Charles Coolidge and became the great-grandmother of Calvin Coolidge, now serving
as vice president of the United States. The mother of Mr. Henderson was a daughter
of Judge Sherman Leland, who was for many years probate judge of Norfolk county,
Massachusetts, and a member of both house and senate of the state. He was widely
recognized as a representative member of the legal profession and as a citizen was

JOHN LELAND HENDERSON

HISTORY OF OREGON 109

always interested in any movement for the development and improvement of the gen-
eral welfare. Mrs. Henderson was a woman of superior education and for many years,
both before and after her marriage, was a teaeher of several languages, being able to
speak and write them fluently.

Until 1865 John Leland Henderson received his education by use of a fine library,
together with instruction from his mother, who was his sole tutor till he entered the
Jesuit College of New Orleans, Louisiana. Later he was a student in a military school
at Brattleboro, Vermont, and was also for some time enrolled in Cornell University, but
upon the completion of his freshman year there took up the profession of teaching on
the Pacific coast. In 1870 he came to Oregon, locating in Portland, where he engaged
in surveying. In 1871 he taught his first school in Eugene and afterward taught in
other places in the Willamette valley. In 1879 he moved to Olympia, Washington,
teaching in the Collegiate Institution. In 1891 he went to Bay St. Louis, Mississippi,
where his ancestors had lived and there he studied law, being admitted to the bar in
1893. He engaged in the practice of his profession there and also conducted an abstract
business until 1S98, when he returned to Oregon and was admitted to practice before
the bar of this state. He located in Hood River, where he resumed his practice, remain-
ing there for eleven years, when he returned to Portland. In 1911 he located in Tilla-
mook, where he has since resided and has gained recognition as a representative mem-
ber of the legal profession throughout the state. The zeal with which he has devoted
his energies to his profession, the careful regard evinced tor the interests of his clients
and an assiduous and unrelaxing attention to all the details of his cases have brought
him a large business and made him very successful in its conduct. In addition to his
professional interests he is secretary and treasurer of the Tillamook Title & Abstract
Company, one of the most complete plants of its kind in the state.

In 1873 occurred the marriage of Mr. Henderson and Miss Harriet E. Humphrey,
a member of one of Oregon's representative pioneer families, and they became the
parents of the following living children: Leland J., a successful engineer of Columbus,
Georgia, and the father of the famous Dixie Highway, of which he is president; Louis
A., who is a graduate of the University of Oregon and served for fourteen months as
captain of engineers in Prance during the World war; Edwin A., a journalist of Seattle,
Washington; Sidney E., a mining engineer, whose home is in Oklahoma and who mar-
ried Lucia, the only daughter of President P. L. Campbell of the University of Oregon;
and Faith, the wife of E. H. Rueppell of Portland. In 1897 Mr. Henderson married
Marian I. Grimes of Rapids Parish, Louisiana, and two children have been born to
this union: Robert Lynn and William E. The elder son served with the marines
during the World war and William joined the navy, making a fine record in the naval
school. He is now associated with his father in the operation of a one hundred and
sixty acre ranch, located at Sugar Loaf Peak in Tillamook county. Mr. Henderson
takes particular pride in his six grandchildren and two great-grandchildren and expects
to live to see his great-great-grandchildren.

Fraternally Mr. Henderson is an Odd Fellow and Knight of Pythias, and he has
filled all the chairs in both organizations. He is likewise a Mason, having attained the
degrees in the chapter and council, and he is an exemplary member of that order. He
has always been a great athlete and although he is now nearing the seventy mark, every
Sunday he walks to his ranch, a distance of seven miles, where he works all day
returning home on foot in the evening. He holds many records as a swimmer and
while living in Hood River in 1908 swam the Columbia river from Hood River to
Cascade locks, a distance of twenty-two miles. Mr. Henderson's life has been one of
continuous activity and he has attained success in every undertaking whether along
the line of his profession or in business circles. During the ten years of his residence
in Tillamook he has made many friends who appreciate his sterling characteristics and
genuine personal worth, and he is readily conceded to be a representative citizen of
Oregon.

WALTER G. HENDERSON.

Law enforcement rested in safe hands with Walter G. Henderson, who was strict,
fearless and prompt in the discharge of his duties as sheriff of Yamhill county. He
was born in Zanesville, Ohio, October 5, 1846, and is a son of A. G. and Sarah (Allen)
Henderson, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Ohio. The father was a

nn HISTORY OP OREGON

brick and stone m-ason by trade and in an early day he went to Ohio, purchasing land
in the vicinity of Zanesville which he continued to cultivate until 1853, when he removed
westward to Iowa. He took up a homestead claim in Marion county and also preempted
land, and this he brought to a high state of development, remaining active in its
operation during the balance of his life. He passed away in August, 1SS4, at the age of
seventy-four years, and the mother's demise occurred in 1886, when she had also attained
the age of seventy-four years.

Their son, Walter G. Henderson, was reared and educated in Marion county, Iowa,
and in 186lj. when a young man of twenty years, he started for Oregon, working his
way across the plains by driving a four-mule team. It was a long and tedious journey,
occupying the entire summer, and on arriving in Oregon Mr. Henderson located in Yam-
hill county, where he iirst secured work as a farm hand, following that and other
occupations for several years. Later he engaged in farming independently, continuing
active along that line for five years. In 1877 he arrived in McMinnville, where he
purchased a livery business, of which he was the proprietor until 1907, when he sold,
having also conducted a hardware establishment during that period. In 1894 he had
been elected sheriff of Yamhill county, serving until 1896, and in 1908 he was again
chosen for that office, in which he remained the incumbent until January 1, 1921, his
frequent reelections attesting the value of his services in that connection. He left
nothing undone to enforce the law according to his conscience, and all law-abiding
citizens felt that they were well protected while he was in office, for he succeeded in
driving the lawless element from the boundaries of his county, so that the safety of the
public was greatly increased.

On the 16th of November, 1867, Mr. Henderson was united in marriage to Miss Mary
Adams, who passed away March 21, 1919. after a three years' illness. She became the
mother of five children, namely: Nettie, the wife of W. W. Estabrook. a resident of
Yakima. Washington; Irene, who died in 1880; Ernest R.. who is engaged in farming
near La Grande, Oregon; Glenn A., who is connected with the internal revenue office at
Portland; and Raymond R., at home.

In his political views Mr. Henderson is a republican and he has served as a member
of the city council. His fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Artisans, and the Ancient Order
of United Workmen, and his religious faith is indicated by his attendance at the
Christian church. His record in public ofl5ce is one of which he has every reason to
be proud and at all times he has been actuated by a public-spirited devotion to the
general good. His sterling qualities make for popularity, and in the county where he
has so long resided he has many friends, to whom he is familiarly known as "Walt."

ALBERT E. DOYLE.

Many of Portland's most beautiful and substantial business structures stand as
monuments to the notable skill and ability of Albert E. Doyle, a prominent architect
of this city whose efforts have constituted potent factors in making this a city beautiful,
noted throughout the Pacific northwest for its splendid business edifices and fine homes.
Liberally qualified for his professional work by thorough and comprehensive study both
in this country and abroad he has steadily advanced in his chosen vocation until his
superior work has won for him classification with the most eminent architects in the
northwest.

Mr. Doyle comes of distinguished ancestry, representatives of the family having
offered their lives in defense of American interests during the Revolutionary war and
in his professional work he is adding new lustre to an honored family name. He was
born in Santa Cruz, California. July 27; 1877, a son of James Edward and Mary A.
(Oakey) Doyle, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of England. In 1869
the father removed westward to California and during the '70s became a resident of
Portland. Here he engaged in building and contracting, erecting many of the most sub-
stantial structures during the early period in the development of this city. He con-
ducted his interests in partnership with Mr. Porter, one of the pioneer builders of
the city, and they became known as leading contractors of Portland, the excellence of
their work securing tor them many important contracts. Mr. Doyle pas.sed away in
1904, while his widow survived him for several years, her demise occurring in 1915.

HISTORY OF OREGON 111

They reared a family of four children, namely: Albert E.; Arthur M.; Ed. E.; and
Mrs. J. T. Edgerton.

Albert E. Doyle, the eldest of the family, secured a common school education and
during his boyhood spent much of his time in his father's shop, there acquiring much
useful knowledge regarding building work. For twelve years he was in the employ
of the firm of Whidden & Lewis, well known architects ot Portland, after which he
pursued special courses in design at Columbia University of New York city and in
ateliers while working in the office of Henry Bacon. Desirous of still further per-
fecting his professional knowledge he spent several months as a student in the American
School of Archaeology at Athens, Greece and a year in foreign travel. Returning to
the United States he established an office in Portland, becoming associated with W. B.
Patterson under the firm style of Doyle & Patterson. The excellent work done by the
firm soon won recognition, resulting in a large and gratifying patronage. This relation-
ship was maintained until 1914 when Mr. Doyle embarked in business independently
and has since continued alone, standing at the top of his profession. His labors have
been an essential element in enhancing the beauty and promoting the development ot the
"Rose City," and among the structures which he has designed may be mentioned the
following: the United States National Bank, the Public Library, the Reed College Build-
ings, Benson Hotel, Meier & Pranks Department Store, the Lipman & Wolfe Depart-
ment Store, the Selling building, the Morgan building, the Northwestern National Bank
building and numerous other public edifices and fine residences. A further indication
of Mr. Doyle's professional standing is indicated in the tact that in 1919 the Oregon
Chapter of the American Institute of Architecture chose among the ten most notable
examples of architectural beauty in Portland the following structures, all of which were
designed by the subject ot this review; The Reed College buildings, the Central Public
Library, the United States National Bank building and the residence of P. J. Cobbs.
Mr. Doyle is thoroughly familiar with all of the scientific principles that underlie the
profession of architecture and in his work skilfully combines beauty with utility.

In 1906 was celebrated the marriage of Albert E. Doyle and Miss Lucie Godley,
a daughter of Henry Godley, a representative merchant of Albany, Oregon, and they
have become the parents of four children: Kathleen, Helen, Jean and Billy. The family
residence is at No. 437 East Twenty-third street. North.

Mr. Doyle's interest in the welfare and progress of his city is indicated by his
membership in the City Planning Commission and the Chamber of Commerce. He is
also identified with the Arlington Club and is a director of the Portland Art Museum and
member ot the Board of Regents, Reed College. He is a man with a thorough appre-
ciation of the finer things in life and his life work is of worth to the world. As the
architect of his own fortunes he has builded wisely and well, evolving a structure of life
which in its simplicity and greatness is worthy of the hands of a master builder.

W. G. VASSALL.

W. G. Vassall, vice president of the Dallas City Bank and also identified with
various other business enterprises of this section of Oregon, is also prominent in public
affairs as city treasurer, making a most creditable record in office. He was born in
Leeds, England, August 5, 1S64, and is a son of Rev. William and Martha Ann (Skelton)
Vassall, the former a native of Prance and the latter of England. The father was a
minister of the Episcopal church and devoted his life to preaching the gospel in England,
his labors in that connection being productive of much good. He passed away in 1S83
and the mother survived him for several years, her demise occurring in 1914.

Their son, W. G. Vassal!, w^as reared and educated in England and in 1882, at the
age of eighteen years, emigrated to the United States, and making his way across the
country to Oregon, he settled in Polk county, purchasing land at Dallas. This he
developed and improved, continuing active in its cultivation until 1S99, when he turned
his attention to financial interests, entering the Dallas City Bank in the capacity of book-
keeper. His faithful, conscientious and efficient service soon won him promotion and
he became successively assistant cashier, cashier and vice president, in wliich office he is
now serving. He is thoroughly familiar with every phase of the banking business and
has been largely instrumental in promoting the growth and success of the institution,
which has become recognized as one of the sound financial enterprises of this section
of the state. The bank was organized in 1888 with the following oflicers: M. M. Ellis,

112 HISTORY OF OREGON

president; C. G. Coad, cashier; and R. E. Williams, assistant cashier. The last named
gentleman is now serving as president of the institution, with Mr. Vassall as vice
president, F. J. Craven as cashier, and A. F. Toner, assistant cashier, while its directors,
in addition to the officers, are I. F. Yoakum, J. W. Crider, R. L. Chapman and Dr. M.
Hayter, all of whom are thoroughly reliable and progressive business men of this part
of the state. The bank is capitalized for fifty thousand dollars and now has surplus
and undivided profits amounting to twenty thousand, three hundred and seventy-six
dollars, while its deposits have reached the sum of four hundred and sixty-two thousand,
three hundred and forty-eight dollars. It also controlled the bank at Falls City, Oregon,
but has since sold its interests in that connection. Mr. Vassall is also a stockholder
and director of the Dallas National Bank, a stockholder in the Dallas Machine & Locomo-
tive Works, and is also identified with various other business enterprises, his interests
being extensive and important. He is a man of marked business ability, foresight and
enterprise and in the control of his various interests he has won a substantial measure
of success.

In January, 1S92, Mr. Vassall was united in marriage to Miss Emma Murphy,
whose demise occurred in 1912. In his political views he is a republican and has taken
a prominent part in public affairs of his community, now filling the office of city
treasurer. He discharges his duties systematically, promptly and capably and is
proving a faithful custodian of the public funds. He has also been a member of the
city council and his influence is ever on the side of advancement and improvement.
Fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World and the Masons, belonging
to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland, and in religious faith he is an
Episcopalian. His activities have been of a varied character and as a cooperant factor
in many projects for the public good he has contributed in no small degree to the up-
building and improvement of this district. He is a reliable and progressive business
man and citizen and his many commendable traits of character have established him in
an enviable position among his fellow townsmen.

THOMAS L. DUGGER.

Thomas L. Dugger, editor and proprietor of the Scio Tribune, published at Scio,
Linn county, has for a half century resided within the borders of this state and is there-
fore entitled to classification with its honored pioneers. He was born in Macoupin
county, Illinois, December 17, 1S46, a son of Leonard W. and Sarah (Penn) Dugger, the
former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Illinois. Brought by his parents to
Illinois when but three years of age, the father was reared and educated in Madison
county, that state. After completing his studies he took up farming and purchased land
in Macoupin county, which he improved and developed, continuing its operation for a
number of years. He then disposed of his farm and started for the west, coming to
Oregon in 1876, but after remaining in the state for a year he returned to Illinois and
purchased his old farm in Macoupin county, which he continued to operate during the
remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1882. His wife survived him for three
years, passing away in 1885.

Thomas L. Dugger was reared and educated in Macoupin county, Illinois, and subse-
quently entered Blackburn University at Carlinville, Illinois. Previous to pursuing
his college course, however, he had fought as a soldier in the Civil war, enlisting in
1862 as a member of Company M, Eleventh Missouri Cavalry, with which command
he served for three years, participating in many hard fought battles and enduring many
hardships and privations during that memorable conflict. Upon leaving college, or in
1870, he came west to Oregon and for one year engaged in teaching school in Portland,
after which he removed to Linn county, where he followed that profession tor a period
of eleven years. He was very successful as a teacher, imparting clearly and readily to
others the knowledge he had acquired, and he became known as one of the prominent
educators of the state, having charge of Santiam Academy at Lebanon, which has since
been discontinued. He then turned his attention to agricultural pursuits on a farm six
miles west of Lebanon, which he cultivated and improved for three years, when he was
obliged to abandon his farming operations on account of his wife's health. He was next
engaged in canvassing the county for subscribers to the Albany Herald, of which he
later became associate editor, gradually acquiring a knowledge of the printer's trade in
his own shop. In 1890 he became a resident of Scio, purchasing the Scio Press, which

HISTOKY OF OREGON 113

he conducted for a period of seven years and then sold, retaining, however, his subscription
list. His next removal was to Albany, where he became connected with the publication
of the Peoples Press, but at the end of six months he returned to his farm near Lebanon
and was active in its operation from 1900 until 1905. In the latter year he returned to
Scio and again purchased the Santiam News, continuing its publication until 1912, when
he sold out and purchased a new plant, founding The Tribune In Lebanon, where he
conducted the paper for a year and then removed his plant to Sweet Home, Oregon. At
length the business men of Scio induced him to establish his plant in Scio, where it has
been in operation since 1914. Two years later, or in 1916, he purchased once more
his old paper, the Santiam News, and consolidated the two publications under the
name of the Scio Tribune, which he now owns and edits. He has a thoroughly modern
newspaper plant, equipped with the latest presses and machinery, and he has made
The Scio Tribune a most valuable and interesting journal, devoted to the welfare and
Interests of the community which it serves. Its local columns are always full of interest
and the general news of the world is clearly and completely given, the aims of the
nation are well set forth and political questions are treated Justly and without prejudice.
The principal policy of the paper has been to serve the public promptly and well and
that Mr. Dugger has succeeded is evident from the large circulation which his publica-
tion enjoys. He is the only Civil war veteran in the state who is actively engaged in
publishing a newspaper.

On the 13th of September, 1872, Mr. Dugger was united in marriage to Mrs. G. A.
Henderson, who passed away February 3, 1921. They became the parents of two chil-
dren: Samuel W., the elder, was born in 1873. He became a member of the regular
army, serving for about ten years as a musician, and he passed away at El Paso, Texas,
in February, 1918, at the age of forty-five years, while still in the service of the govern-
ment; Sarah E. was born in 1878 and her death occurred in 1893.

In his political views Mr. Dugger is an independent democrat and he is now serv-
ing as justice of the peace at Scio and as notary public. In religious faith he is a
Spiritualist and fraternally he is identified with the Leonidas Lodge of the Knights of
Pythias at Scio, of which he is a charter member. He renews associations with his
comrades who wore the blue by his connection with McPherson Post., G. A. R., of Albany,
of which he is also a charter member. Identified with this section of the state from
pioneer times, Mr. Dugger is most widely known and his sterling traits of character
have gained for him an enviable position in public regard. He is actuated by a most
progressive spirit in all that he undertakes and he has made the Scio Tribune the
champion of every measure and movement calculated to upbuild the town and promote
the growth of the surrounding district.

GEORGE MONTGOMERY ARMSTRONG.

George Montgomery Armstrong, who for many years was identified with Wells
Fargo & Company at Portland, was born at St. Johns, New Brunswick, February 16,
1873. His father, George Armstrong, was also a native of that place and devoted his
life to the occupation of farming. He came to Oregon in 1887, settling in Albany. His
brother was one of the very early pioneer settlers of Oregon and when he died left an estate
comprising more than a thousand acres of land. This, George Armstrong came to Oregon
to claim. The uncle had taught school in Canada and later in Oregon, by which means
he made his first money, which he invested in land and from time to time as his finan-
cial resources increased he added to his acreage until his holdings were very extensive.
George Armstrong, having removed to the northwest, became identified with the agri-
cultural development of the section near Albany and continued his farming operations
until his death in 1893. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Adeline Kyle, was a
daughter of John and Mary Kyle, both of whom were natives of New Brunswick, who
came to Oregon in 1887, here following the removal of Mr. Armstrong to the northwest.
In the family of Mr. and Mrs. George Armstrong were eight children, of whom three have
passed away, while those living are: Mrs. Flora Schmitke and Arthur Armstrong, resi-
dents of Calgary, Canada; Mrs. Adeline Smith, living at Scio, Oregon; Mrs. Maude Turner,
a resident of Portland; and Mrs. Alice Vienna, a widow, also living in Portland.

George Montgomery Armstrong was a youth of fourteen years when with his parents
he came to the northwest. He lived on a farm in Albany for two years and when he
was but twenty-one years of age purchased one hundred and twenty acres of land in

Vol. II— 8

114 HISTORY OF OREGON

Polk county, which he improved. Later he bought one hundred and seven and a half
acres at Souver, Oregon, which he also developed and improved, purchasing this land
from his father and paying for it on the installment plan. It was in 1890 that he came
to Portland and at once entered the employ of Wells Fargo & Company at Third &
Pine streets, being at that time but seventeen years of age. He served the company in
various capacities, as office boy, driver, messenger on the road, superintendent of stables
and eventually as superintendent of drivers and street equipment. He continued with the
company throughout the period of his residence in Portland, or until his death.

On the 17th of September, 1896, Mr. Armstrong was married to Miss Myrtle Foster,
a native of Fargo, North Dakota, and a daughter of Charles arid Lilly May (Barber)
Foster. Her parents came to Portland in 1881 and the father became an engineer for
the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company. Both he and his wife are deceased, the
former having passed away in 1894, while the mother died in 1896. In their family were
four children; May L., the wife of A. J. Johnston, auditor for the Portland Railway
Light & Power Company, and the mother of one daughter, Janet May, who is attending
Jefferson high school; Charles F., who married Grace Dowling, member of a pioneer
family of Portland, and to them have been born a son and a daughter, Dalton and Cather-
ine; Agnes S., who became the wife of R. G. Ladd, who passed away in 1915, since
which time Mrs. Ladd has lived with her sister Mrs. Armstrong, who is the other mem-
ber of the family. To Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong was born but one child, George Edwin,
who is now eleven years of age. The family circle was broken by the hand of death
on the 7th of August, 1918, when Mr. Armstrong was called to the home beyond. He
was killed in an automobile accident and words of condolence reached his widow from
many people and from all points where he was known, for he was much beloved
by his business associates and the friends whom he had met in social life. He
was able to leave Mrs. Armstrong in comfortable financial circumstances, owing to
the investments which he had previously made in farm property. He belonged
to the Masonic fraternity and also to the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the
Transportation Club. He was but forty-five years of age when he was called to his final
rest and it seems that he should have been spared for years to come but fate ruled
otherwise. He left to his family not only a comfortable competence but also the record
of a well spent life and an untarnished name. He was the possessor of many of those
qualities which men most admire — loyalty in citizenship, progressiveness and reliability
in business and faithfulness in friendship.

JOSEPH TOUSANT GAGNON.

As one of the potential factors in the growth of southern Oregon and especially
of Medford and Jackson county, Joseph Tousant Gagnon deserves more than passing
notice. Twenty-one years ago he came to this state and he is an example of what can
be accomplished through individual effort intelligently directed, for he today owns and
has under construction the Medford & Coast Railroad, which when completed will
operate a train service from the city of Medford to Crescent City and passing through
the county seat of Jacksonville. He is also the owner of two large sawmills and a
box factory and has extensive investments in timber lands and other important busi-
ness interests.

Mr. Gagnon was born at St. Agnes, in the province of Quebec, Canada, in 1S62, his
parents being Frank and Pauline (Dellier) Gagnon. The grandparents in both the
paternal and maternal lines were natives of France. J. T. Gagnon remained upon
his father's farm until he reached the age of eighteen years, when he started out to
try his fortune in the business world. He made his initial step by securing work with
a construction gang on the Canada-Atlantic Railroad and in a short time he took over
a subcontract on his own account. He continued as a railroad building contractor until
1896, when he came to Oregon and purchased a large tract of timber land. Two years
later he established his home in Medford and soon afterward built a sawmill on Jack-
son creek, which was destroyed by fire but was quickly rebuilt owing to the charac-
teristic energy and determination of Mr. Gagnon. In 1901 he located permanently in
Medford and erected another sawmill and a box factory in this city. He now has two
large sawmills in operation in addition to his box factory and the latter turns out two
million fruit and other boxes annually. The important business interests of Mr. Gag-
non in Jackson county now furnish employment to several hundred men. He is the

JOSEPH T. GAGNON

HISTORY OF OREGON 117

owner of large and fine timber interests and has still other business of importance.
The Medford & Coast Railroad, which he and other parties are building will be of
untold value and worth to the community. . The road will be equipped for both freight
and passenger trafiBc. Construction was started just prior to the World war but hos-
tilities which so materially upset business conditions prevented the road from operating
its passenger trains. For three years, however, freight traffic was carried on over the
line and in the summer of 1921 the passenger cars will be put on and an hour schedule
will be maintained on the run between Medford and Jacksonville.

In 1S85 Mr. Gagnon was married to Miss Mary Louise Dallier, who passed away in
1S87. In 1SS8 he wedded Emma Clement, who, like his former wife, is a native of
Canada, and both were of French descent. Mr. Gngnon has no living children of his
own but has adopted and reared several. Two of these were nephews, who were reared
and educated by him and are now prosperous business men in Canada. An orphan girl
was also taken into his home and is now the wife of Baptiste Coulon, of Boston,
Massachusetts.

Mr. Gagnon is a zealous member of the Catholic church, In which he is serving as
a trustee. He is a past president of the Union of St. John, a member of the Knights of
Columbus and of the Catholic Foresters of America. He is also a member of the Med-
ford Chamber of Commerce and of the Oregon Manufacturers Association. Since com-
ing to the United States he has given most of his time to his business interests, but
he takes an active and helpful part in civic matters. While living in Canada he was
an earnest supporter of the liberal party and represented Starmonte, province of
Ontario, in the dominion parliament. He is content that his public service shall he
done as a private citizen, however, since taking up his abode in Oregon and he ranks
high as a business man — one whose efforts are a contributing element to the upbuilding
of town and county as well as a source of individual profit.

THEODORE ROTH.

Theodore Roth, a successful and enterprising business man of Salem, is president
of the Roth Company and the Gile Mercantile Company, dealing in groceries, and also
of the Oregon Flax Fibre Company, one of the important industrial enterprises of the
northwest. He has done notable work in connection with the promotion of the flax
industry in Oregon, which through his efforts has been greatly stimulated. Starting
out in life with no capital except the determination to succeed, he has attained success
and stands today as a splendid example of a self-made man.

Mr. Roth is a native of Switzerland. He was born in Canton Neufchatel, April 20,
1876, and in 1885, when nine years of age, was brought by his parents, John and Anna
(Ramseyer) Roth, to the United States. They made their way to Kansas, where the
father followed the occupation of farming until 1890, when he came with his family
to Oregon, taking up his residence in the vicinity of Salem, where he again engaged in
farming. Both parents are deceased.

When fifteen years of age Theodore Roth began work in a dry goods store of Salem,
where he remained for eight years, after which he was employed for a year in a furni-
ture house. Ambitious to engage in business independently, when twenty-five years of age,
in association with P. E. Graber, he purchased a grocery store and founded the firm of
Roth & Graber, which existed as such for ten years, when the business was incorporated
under the name of the Roth Company. The business has grown steadily from year to
year, owing to their reliable and progressive business methods, reasonable prices and
courteous treatment of customers and their trade has assumed extensive and gratifying
proportions. Their interests are conducted in their own building and they are operating
one of the most up-to-date groceries on the coast, carrying the best the market affords
in the line of shelf goods and pastries. Mr. Roth is also president of the Gile Mer-
cantile Company, which he took over in 1920 and reorganized into a stock company. They
are wholesale dealers in groceries and fruits and the business is now established on a
paying basis, for Mr. Roth is a sagacious business man, whose plans are well defined and
promptly executed, and his connection with any undertaking Insures a prosperous out-
come of the same.

Mr. Roth has also done notable work in connection with the reviving of the flax
industry in Oregon. In 1915, while he was acting as chairman of the industrial bureau
of the Chamber of Commerce, a Mr. Crawford made a trip from Ireland to the United

118 HISTORY OF OREGON

States for the purpose of studying conditions in regard to the flax industry in this
country. He found Oregon a most promising Held and upon his recommendation Mr.
Roth brought the matter to the attention oS Governor Withycombe and T. B. Kay with
regard to its feasibility as a prison industry. They were in favor of the project and a
bill was prepared and passed the legislature for an appropriation of forty thousand dollars
to establish the industry. During Governor West's incumbency he had discontinued
operations with the stove works, then conducted by the prisoners, as they could not
meet their obligations, so this left the State Penitentiary without an industry. The flax
industry as operated by the penitentiary has greatly prospered and they have contracted
for over seven hundred acres of flax. The success of the industry in this connection
so impressed Mr. Roth and his associates that in 1916 they organized the Oregon Flax
Fibre Company, with the subject of this review as the president, Edward Schunke as
secretary and E. J. Hausett as superintendent, the headquarters being at Salem, while
the mill is located at Turner, Oregon. The superintendent and manager, E. J. Hausett,
is a native of Belgium and a son-in-law of Eugene E. Basse, a pioneer flax man, who came
to Oregon about twenty years ago and started the flax industry, but owing to two dis-
astrous fires he sustained serious losses and was obliged to discontinue the business,
after which the flax industry in Oregon was dormant for a number of years, being revived
only through the efforts of Mr. Roth. The Oregon Flax Fibre Company purchased its
machinery from an unused flax mill at Chehalis. Washington, securing some of the latest
types of Irish machinery for making long line fibre, spinning tow and upholstering tow.
It is thus prepared and shipped to the spinners in the various markets of the United
States. The industry as conducted by the company at present is on a par with the
methods used in Belgium and Ireland but does not conform with American ideas of
manufacturing. The quality of long line fibre produced in Oregon is rapidly approach-
ing the best produced in Ireland and Belgium. Foreign industries are watching its
growth with intense interest and it undoubtedly will become one of the great indus-
tries of the Pacific coast in the near future.

In 1909 Mr. Roth was united in marriage to Miss Elsie May Pearmine of Salem, and
they have become the parents of three children; Marvin A., George P. and Frances
Evelyn. He has displayed sound judgment, energy and determination in the conduct
of his business affairs and in everything that he does he is actuated by a spirit of
progress and enterprise that prompts his continued effort until he has reached the
desired goal. His career proves that prosperity and an honored name may be won
simultaneously. As the architect of his own fortunes he has builded wisely and well
and at the same time his labors have been a valuable asset in the development of the
resources of the state through his promotion of the flax industry. In every relation of
life he measures up to the highest standards of manhood and citizenship and Salem is
proud to claim him as one of her citizens.

JAY L. LEWIS.

Jay L. Lewis, city attorney and actively engaged in the practice of law at Corvallis
as a member of the firm of Yates & Lewis, is recognized as one of the able attorneys
of Benton county. He was born in Skagit county, Washington, October 9, 1888, a son
of James P. and Minnie (Lindstedt) Lewis, the former a native of Vancouver, Wash-
ington, and the latter of California. The father was but an infant when his parents
removed to Oregon and on entering the business world he became a bookkeeper and
accountant, being thus employed in eastern Oregon, while later he removed to the
Puget Sound country, where he continued to reside throughout the remainder of his life.
He passed away in February, 1896, and the mother's demise occurred in February, 1905.

Their son, Jay L. Lewis, pursued his education in the schools of Tacoma, Washing-
ton, and was graduated from the high school with the class of 1907. He then entered
the law school of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he was gradu-
ated in 1911 with the LL. B. degree. Returning to the west, he opened an oflSce in
Portland, Oregon, where for a year he continued in practice and then removed to Eugene.
He there formed a partnership with Judge Skipworth. with whom he continued to
practice for two and a half years, and in April, 1915, he arrived in Corvallis, where he
became associated in practice with J. F. Yates, a relationship that has since been main-
tained. They have built up a large and representative clientage and the firm name figures,
on the court records in connection with the most important cases tried in the district.

HISTORY OF OREGON 119

Mr. Lewis is an earnest and discriminating student of his profession, thoroughly familiar
with the principles of jurisprudence, and in their application is seldom, if ever, at
fault. He has ever conformed his practice to the highest ethics of the profession and is
widely recognized as an able minister in the temple of justice.

In 1916 Mr. Lewis was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle McDonald and they
have many friends in the city where they reside. In his political views Mr. Lewis is a
republican, and he is now serving as city attorney of Corvallis. Fraternally he is
identified with the Masons and the Loyal Order of Moose. Although one of the younger
representatives of the legal fraternity, Mr. Lewis is rapidly advancing in his profes-
sion and has already won an enviable position at the Benton county bar, being held
in the highest esteem by his associates in the practice of law, while as a citizen he is
progressive and public-spirited, his influence being ever on the side of advancement and
improvement.

J. W. PETTIT.

J. W. Pettit, founder and promoter of an extensive business carried on under the
name of the Pettit Feather & Bedding Company in Portland, was born in Hamilton
county, Tennessee. October 29, 1873. His father, William Pettit, died in Tennessee, and
in 1887 the mother, Mrs. Annie Pettit, started for California accompanied by her son,
J. W. They took up their abode in Oakland and as soon as J. W. Pettit was old enough
he became the support of the family. He worked for many years as a mechanic and
then entered the mercantile business on his own account at Selby, Contra Costa county,
California, where he continued business for four years. He then sold out and went to
San Francisco, where he became connected with the Crescent Feather Company as a mem-
ber of the firm. After six years he disposed of his interests there and cdme to Portland
in 1908. Here he organized the Pettit Feather & Bedding Company with a plant at
Twenty-sixth and Upshur streets and from there he removed to Twelfth and Lovejoy
streets but in 1916 his plant was destroyed by fire. He then reestablished his plant at
Fourteenth and Johnson streets, where he remained for two and a half years, within
which time he erected his present plant — a modern two-story factory building, one hun-
dred by one hundred and fifty feet, situated at the corner of Guild and York streets.
He has twenty-five employes and his trade extends to Washington, Southern Oregon and
Idaho. The feathers which he uses are mostly secured from the Orient and the other
raw materials are obtained in the east and south. He has built up the business from
nothing until his annual sales now amount to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.
He makes a standard line of high class bedding and is the sole owner of the business.

Mr. Pettit was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Guisler, a native of Oregon and
a daughter of Paul Guisler, one of the prominent retail furniture dealers of Portland.
They have one child, Margaret, named for her mother, and the family occupies an at-
tractive home in Laurelhurst, one of the finest residence districts in Portland. Mr.
Pettit belonas to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and to the Commercial Club
and is much interested in all that pertains to the welfare and progress of the com-
munity, commonwealth and country. Moreover, he is a splendid type of the high-minded,
progi-essive business man of America. He has won his success entirely through his own
efforts, building up a business by reason of close application, indefatigable energy and
capable management. He is today the only manufacturer of comforters and pillows in
the state of Oregon and has the most convenient and best factory equipment in the state.
The Business is a monument to his enterprise and ability and it is today one of the
important manufacturing industries of Portland.

OTIS A. WOLVERTON.

Otis A. Wolverton, who is now living at Monmouth, where he is filling the office of
mayor, is widely and favorably known in Polk county, for he has here spent his entire
life. He was born on a farm eight miles south of Monmouth, May 10, 1861, and is a
son of John and Mary (Nealey) Wolverton, the former a native of New York and the
latter of Ohio. In 1853 the father and mother left their home in Burlington, Iowa, and
with ox team and wagon set out for Oregon. On reaching this state they located on land

120 HISTORY OF OREGON

eight miles south of the present site of Monmouth, where he became the owner of six
hundred and forty acres. This he brought to a high state of development, continuing
its cultivation and improvement until 1880, when he took up his residence in the town
and there lived retired during the balance of his life. He was very successful in the
conduct of his farming interests and became prominent in community affairs, serving
as treasurer of Christian College, now the State Normal school, and also as a member
of the city council of Monmouth. He passed away on the 30th of December, 1902, at the
age of eighty years, and the mother's demise occurred September 20, 1909, when she had
reached the advanced age of eighty-four years. They were numbered among the earliest
settlers of the state and were widely known and highly esteemed. They became the par-
ents of seven children, of whom five are living, a brother of the subject of this review
being Judge Charles E. Wolverton, a prominent jurist of Portland.

Otis A. Wolverton was reared in Polk county, where he attended the district schools
and also the public schools of Monmouth, subsequently pursuing a course of study in
Christian College. On starting out in life independently he rented the old home place
and later purchased three hundred and fifty acres of the homestead, continuing active
in its operation from 1880 until 1902, or for a period of twenty-two years. He became
well known as a stock raiser, introducing the first herd of Jersey cattle into Polk county,
and was very successful in the conduct of his interests. In 1902 he took up his resi-
dence in Monmouth and four years later was appointed postmaster, serving in that
capacity until 1914, since which time he has lived practically retired, although he gives
considerable attention to the raising of bees, now having sixty stands, and is finding
that line of work both profitable and interesting, for he could not be content to lead a
life of utter idleness.

On the 22d of November, 1885, Mr. Wolverton was united in marriage to Miss Rosa
Loughary, and they became the parents of three children: Reuel, who was engaged in
the electric business in Portland and passed away February 13, 1915, at the age of
twenty-eight years; Edith, the wife of J. D. Bolter, who is operating the home farm;
and Leto, who is a graduate of the State Normal school and is now engaged in teaching
in the schools of Portland. The wife and mother passed away August 13, 1905, and on
the 18th of October, 1910, Mr. Wolverton wedded Mrs. Irene Dalton.

In his political views Mr. Wolverton is a republican and is much interested in the
welfare and progress of his community, serving for two years as a member of the city
council, while for twelve years he has been a member of the school board, doing all in
his power to advance educational standards in his section of the state. In 1918 he was
chosen mayor of Monmouth and so excellent was his record in that oflSce that he was
reelected in November, 1920. He has always been loyal to the trust reposed in him and
is giving to the city a most progressive and business-like administration, the worth of
his work being generally acknowledged. For ten years he has been president of the
Monmouth Improvement Company, in which connection he has done much to promote the
business interests of his city and extend its trade relations. He is also a member of the
local Grange, and fraternally is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and the Rebekahs, while his religious faith is indicated by his member-
ship in the Christian church. Mr. Wolverton has devoted much of his life to public
service and at all times has been actuated by a public-spirited devotion to the general
good. He has led a busy, active and useful life and his many sterling traits of charac-
ter have won for him an enviable position in the regard of his fellow townsmen.

IRA WALLACE CARL.

Ira Wallace Carl, who enjoys a well earned reputation as a careful and conscientious
lawyer, ever true to the interests of his clients, has since 1911 practiced at the Port-
land bar. He was born upon a farm in Coos county, Oregon, in 1886, and is a son of
August and Amanda E. (Newcomer) Carl. The father was born in Germany in 1835,
came to America at the age of twenty-three and during the Civil war enlisted in the
Union army as a member of Company F, Ninth Regiment Kansas Volunteer Infantry,
serving until honorably discharged on account of illness. He was married in Iowa
to Amanda E, Newcomer, a native of Illinois, and in 18S1 they removed to Oregon,
settling in Coos county, where for many years the family home was maintained. The
father passed away in 1903 and is survived by his widow, who is now living in Port-
land.

IRA W. CARL

HISTORY OF OREGON 1'2:]

Ira W. Carl was reared on the home farm to the age of seventeen years and during
that period attended the country schools. He afterwards became a student in the Ore-
gon Agricultural College and was graduated in 1911 from the law department of the
University of Oregon, for he had determined to engage in the practice of law as a
life work. The same year he was admitted to the bar and opened an office in Portland,
where he has remained. He is still working his way upward and advancing steadily
towards the top. Care and close attention to the case in hand has been one of his salient
characteristics and he is regarded as a sate counselor and also able in the trial of the
case before the court. He is a clear, concise, and forecful speaker and his utterances
carry conviction to the minds of his hearers.

On the 10th of August, 191S, in Portland, Mr. Carl was married to Miss Beulah
Frances Miller, a daughter of Claude R. Miller, a native of Iowa who was married in
Michigan to Miss Catherine Elnora Price, also born in Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Carl are
well known socially, having many friends in Portland and this section of the state.
During the war period Mr. Carl became a permanent member of the legal advisory
board. He also signed up and passed for the navy but the armistice was signed before
he entered active service. His political endorsement has always been given to the
republican party but without the desire of office as a reward for party fealty. He is
well known in fraternal circles and is an exemplary representative ot the Masonic
order, in which he has obtained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite while with
the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine he has crossed the sands of the desert. He is like-
wise connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Knights of
Pythias. He has a membership in the Portland Press Club. Progressive Business Men's
Club and in the Portland Chamber of Commerce. He is keenly interested in all those
forces that make for the development of the city and for civic righteousness and keeps
thoroughly informed concerning the vital questions and issues of the day. He has
always been a great reader and an apt scholar and his clear thinking enables him to
arrive at the right conclusion on almost any subject which engages his attention. He
is most generous of his means, where assistance is needed. His hours of recreation
are devoted to hiking and mountain climbing, and he is a lover of the great out-of-
doors.

SAMUEL STEEN DUNCAN.

Educational work in Yamhill county is well carried forward by Samuel S. Duncan,
who as county superintendent of schools has not only made numerous valuable improve-
ments in the administration of educational affairs but has also successfully exerted his
efforts in order to bring about harmonious collaboration between the teachers of the
county, thus insuring the pupils of the schools a higher degree of efficiency in their
lessons.

Mr. Duncan was born in Bellefontaine, Ohio, September 11, 1861, and is a son of
Andrew and Nancy (Steen) Duncan, natives of Pennsylvania. In an early day the father
went to Ohio and there resided until the fall of 1865, when he removed westward to
Illinois and later to Iowa, where he followed farming pursuits until 1884. In that year
he went to Kansas, taking up his residence near Osborne, where he lived retired until
May, 1896, when he came to Oregon, taking up his abode with his son, Samuel S., with
whom he continued to make his home during the remainder of his life. He passed away
in December, 1896, at the age of eighty-one and a half years, and the mother's demise
occurred December 17, 1893, when she was seventy-one years of age.

Samuel S. Duncan was reared in Illinois and there attended the public
schools, after which he entered an academy at Monmouth, Illinois, from which he
was graduated with the class ot 1876. He then pursued a four years' course at
Amity College at College Springs, Iowa, after which he engaged in the profession
of teaching, following that line of work in Kansas from 1885 to 1886 and from 1888 to
1889. In the spring of the latter year he came to Oregon, locating in Yamhill county,
where for a time he taught in the country schools and then went to Carlton, where for
three years he was connected with the public schools. He next went to Yamhill and thero
was engaged in teaching for three years, after which he followed his profession in Dayton
for six years, serving as principal at each of the above named towns. His next removal
took him to McMinnville, where for one year he was principal of the Cook school, and
he then became principal ot a school at Amity, Oregon, there remaining for live years.

124 HISTORY OF OREGON

On the expiration of that period he went to La Fayette, where for three years and three
months he filled the position of principal, completing the scholastic year as principal of a
school at S ICO. Montana. His successful work as an educator soon won wide recognition
and while in Montana he was offered and accepted a position in Yamhill. After teaching
there for two weeks he was appointed county superintendent of schools in 1911, his
excellent service in that capacity winning for him reelection, so that he is still occupying
that position, having heen again chosen in November, 1920. His excellent training for the
profession and his long experience in school work have made him not only a successful
teacher but have given him Inside information in regard to school affairs which well fits
him for the position which he occupies. Studious by nature, he keeps in touch with
the most modern ideas in regard to the education of children and has done much to
improve the curriculum and the methods of instruction followed in the county.

On the 12th of September, 1883, Mr. Duncan was united in marriage to Miss Jennie
McNerney, and they became the parents of eight children, namely: Grace, who married
N. T. McCoy, the proprietor of a garage at Newberg, Oregon; James A., a well known
druggist of Salem; Doris, the wife of Charles Bentley, who is connected with the
United States shipping board as port representative at Helsingfors, Finland; Wilma, a
successful teacher of Newberg, and the wife of C. A. Evans, who is there engaged in the
plumbing business; Theo Steen, who is in the employ of the Southern Pacific Railroad
Company at Portland; Charles K., who is operating his ranch at Mosby, Montana, and
also one owned by his father; Milton Verne, who is employed by J. K. Gill & Company,
engaged in the stationery business at Portland; and Leland Stewart, who is managing his
father's fruit ranch near Springbrook, Oregon.

Mr. Duncan is a stalwart republican in his political views, and fraternally he is
identified with the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.
He also holds membership in the local Grange, and his religious faith is indicated by
his membership in the Christian church. He is much interested in church activities,
serving as deacon and is also president of the Yamhill County Sunday School Associa-
tion. He regards the public schools as the bulwark of the nation, and, actuated at all
times by a spirit of progress that takes cognizance of all improved educational methods,
he has placed the schools of Yamhill county upon a high plane. His professional career
has been one of continuous advancement, and he is regarded as one of the eminent
educators of the state.

COLONEL HENRY ERNST DOSCH.

Not seeking honor but simply endeavoring to do his duty, honors have yet heen
multiplied to Colonel Henry Ernst Dosch and prosperity has followed all his under-
takings. There is perhaps no man in Portland who has done so much to make known
the advantages and resources of Oregon as Mr. Dosch, who has been the representative
of his state in various national and International expositions.

A n-'tive of Germany he was born at Kastel-Mainz, on the Rhine, June 17, 1841, a
son of John Baptist and Anna (Busch) Dosch. The name Dosch is Arabic, which would
indicate the origin of the family. The ancestry of the family can be traceed back to
the early settlement of southern Germany and through generation after generation the
fpmi'y WTS prominently represented In military circles by those who held high rank as
officers in the German army. Colonel John B. Dosch and his father. Colonel Ernst
Dosch, were officers in the army and the former had two brothers who also held high
rank in the service of their country. At the close of an honorable record in the army
he entered the diplomatic service and with a creditable record therein retired to his
large estate ad.ioining Kastel-Mainz. He had married Anna, a daughter of Ulrich Busch,
who was extensively engaged in the lumber business at Kastel-Mainz. Her brother,
Adolphus Busch, has since become one of the most prominent residents of St. Louis,
Missouri. In the family were seven children.

Colonel Henry E. Dosch, the only surviving son, pursued his education in Mainz,
Germany, in the Gewerbe scbule fuer Handel und Industrie, from which he was
graduated in April, 1857. This school bears the same relation to the present manual
training school that the high school bears to the grammar school. Subsequently he was
apprenticed to a large importing house in Mainz, his term of indenture continuing to
January, 1860, and on the 17th of that month he sailed tor the United States. Making
his way to St. Louis he secured a position as bookkeeper and was so employed until

HISTORY OF OREGON 125

after the outbreak of the Civil war. In May, 1S61, he volunteered in General John C.
Fremont's body-guard (cavalry), thus serving until November 25, 1861, when the entire
guard was mustered out of service after the famous fight October 25, 1S61, at Spring-
field, Missouri, General Fremont being removed from command. At Springfield these
valiant guardsmen met and routed three thousand Confederates in a desperate conflict
which lasted from three in the afternoon until dark and during the engagement Mr.
Dosch was wounded in the right leg. He reenlisted in Company C, of the Fifth
Missouri Cavalry and rose to the rank of sergeant major and acting adjutant. After
the battle of Pea Ridge the Fifth was merged with the Fourth Missouri Cavalry and
Colonel Dosch as acting Colonel was mustered out in April, 1863.

In May of that year he first became acquainted with the west, crossing the plains
with an ox team and walking from Omaha to Sacramento, California. He stopped for
a brief period at Virginia City, where he rode the Wells Fargo Express pony on the
Overland from that place to Lake Bigler, now Tahoe, known as Friday's station. After-
ward he walked across the Sierra Nevadas and reached San Francisco, where he secured
a position as bookkeeper and came to Oregon, arriving in Portland on the 9th of April,
1864, and then went to The Dalles, where he assumed his position as bookkeeper and
cashier for a firm dealing in miners' supplies. The next year he engaged in merchandis-
ing at Canyon City, Oregon, and continued until the loss of his stock and store by fire
led him to come to this city in 1871. For a long period he was connected with com-
mercial interests in Portland as a wholesale boot and shoe merchant, having his estab-
lishment on Front street. Failing health caused him at length to retire from business
in 1890. Indolence and idleness, however, are utterly foreign to his nature and he turned
his attention to horticulture, which has always possessed the keenest fascination for
him. In 1889 Oregon's governor appointed him a member of the board of horticultural
commissioners and succeeding governors reappointed him to the office until his service
covered eleven years. In the biennial reports which have been issued under his
direction those published in 1S99 and 1901 have been adopted as textbooks at Cornell
University, the University of Michigan, the University of Wisconsin, Stuttgart Uni-
versity in Germany and various colleges in England. Since his retirement from active
business thirty-one years ago Colonel Dosch has given mo.st of his time to the interest
of Oregon, particularly along horticultural lines. He introduced the French walnut, so
prolific now, after experimenting for years as to the best variety adapted to the climatic
and soil conditions here. He has certainly made liberal contribution to the progress and
upbuilding of Oregon in his efforts to bring before the world a knowledge of its re-
sources, especially in the attractive exhibits of the products of the state as shown in the
different expositions of this and other countries. He was executive commissioner from
Oregon at the World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago in 1893; at the Trans-
Mississippi Exposition at Omaha in 1898; at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo
in 1901; at the West-India Exposition in Charleston in 1901-2; and at the International
Exposition at Osaka, Japan, in 1903. He was also commissioner general of the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition at St. Louis in 1904; was director of exhibits and privileges at the
Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition in Portland in 1905; and occupied the same
position at the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition at Seattle in 1909. He was decorated
by the emperor of Japan for valuable services rendered them, first receiving the emblem
of the Sacred Treasure, while recently the insignia of the Rising Sun, the highest honor
that could be conferred, was given him. Colonel Dosch has been a frequent contributor
to horticultural journals and his writings have commanded wide and interested attention.
His labors in this direction have been of material benefit to the state in the improve-
ment of methods, in the introduction of new species and in disseminating an accurate
knowledge of Oregon soil, the possibilities of the state as an horticultural center and
the special fruits suited to various localities.

On the 10th of July, 1866, in Canyon City, Oregon, Colonel Dosch was married
to Miss Marie Louise Fleurot, a daughter of Pierre and Judith (Pigeon) Fleurot. Mrs.
Dosch was born in France and came to Oregon with her parents in 1857, making the
trip by way of the isthmus and up the Pacific to Portland. The children born of this
marriage are: Ernst, who married Winifred Wurzbacher; Arno, who married Elsie
Sperry; Roswell; Lilly Anna; Camellia; and Marguerite, who married Mr. David
Campbell.

In his political views Colonel Dosch has always been a democrat. In 1866 he be-
came a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, filled various offices in the
local lodge and was grand master of Oregon In 1888. He likewise belongs to Lincoln-
Garfield Post, No. 3, G. A. R., and was its commander in 1893. A contemporary of

126 HISTORY OF OREGON

Colonel Dosch has said: "During the long period of his residence in the west he has
kept in touch wHth the progress in the world of thought and action and while especially
devoted to the great northwest, yet has no narrow spirit of prejudice but is loyal to
the welfare of our country and interested in world-wide progress. Frequent trips to
the east, as well as several voyages across the ocean to the old home land, have brought
to him an intimate knowledge of the development of our nation and the influence of
modern thought in the old world; but while loyal to the land of his birth, he believes
the history of the future ages is to be written by the United States and especially by
that portion thereof lying along the Pacific coast."

Though eighty years of age he is still in the harness with the State Board of
Horticulture, preferring to wear out rather than to rust out.

JOSHUA W. FRENCH.

A detailed account of the life and experiences of Joshua W. French, now
would present a most accurate description of pioneer life of the northwest. For many
years he resided in this section of the country, becoming one of the early merchants
of the state and also one of the pioneer bankers. He was born in Holland, Vermont,
September 13, 1830, a son of Joshua and Polly ( Meade 1 French. The son acquired his
education in the common schools and remained on the old homestead farm in New
England until he had attained his majority. He afterward spent a year in Haverhill,
Massachusetts, and on the 10th of January, 1852, in company with his cousin,
Meade, sailed from New York for San Francisco by way of the Isthmus of
During fourteen days of their long and arduous trip they subsisted solely on hard tack
and stale corned beef. On the 11th of February 1852, they arrived in San Francisco,
at which time Mr. French was the possessor of a lone picayune. After making several
unsuccessful attempts to secure employment of various kinds he approached a gang of
men with teams and persuaded the boss to let him work enough to earn something
to eat. He was a powerful man physically and a willing worker and he performed
his task so capably and eflSciently that the superintendent kept him and soon put him
on as foreman. He made enough' money on that job to pay his expenses to the gold
mines and for a time met with success in his operations in the gold fields. Subse-
quently he went to Calaveras county, California, and operated a ferry on the Stanislaus
river in connection with his brother Daniel. In 1861 Joshua and Daniel French re-
turned to San Francisco, where they engaged in taking contracts for mastic roofing,
Joshua French superintending the placing of the first roof on the Russ House and the
Occidental Hotel and also on many other prominent buildings of that time. When the
Civil war broke out materials advanced so greatly in price that the firm could no longer
realize a profit on their business and sold out.

In January, 1862, through the influence of his cousin W. S. Ladd of Portland, Mr.
French with his two brothers Daniel and Joseph and also with Granville Oilman,
formed a partnership and engaged in merchandising at The Dalles, Oregon, conducting
the business under the firm name of Oilman, French & Company. At that time there
were no freight teams leaving The Dalles, owing to the scarcity of horses in the
northwest. All freight was hauled to Canyon City and interior towns on pack mules,
the goods being placed in casks and a cask lashed on each side of a mule, while the
animal at times carried thi-ee casks. It was an interesting but not an unusual sight to
see a train of eighty mules leaving the store packed with casks. The goods were paid
for in gold dust and the scales which were used in weighing the gold dust for the firm
are now in possession of the French & Company Bank at The Dalles. The partners,
after acquiring a sufficient amount of gold dust, would then ship it to the mint in
San Francisco to be coined. At one time Mr. French and his brother Daniel had a
line of steamers plying between Portland and The Dalles and a contract to carry the
United States mail as well as freight and passengers.

In the year in which the partnership was formed Mr. French went to Umatilla
where he superintended the work of erecting a stone building in which the company
established a branch store, supplying it with goods from The Dalles establishment,
his brother Daniel then taking charge of and conducting the store. In 1867 Mr.
French and his brother Daniel bought out the business and in connection with their
mercantile interests established a bank, which was the first one in eastern Oregon.
They conducted their affairs under the firm style of French & Company and met with

JOSHUA W. FRENCH

HISTORY OF OREGON 129

success in both their commercial and financial undertakings. In 1875 they disposed
of the mercantile business to the firm of Brooks & McFarland but continued in the
banking business. In 1876 they removed to their building on the north side of Second
street and three years later completed a building at the corner of Second and Wash-
ington streets, which has been occupied and known as the French & Company Bank
from that time until the present, the business being still carried on under the firm
name. On the death of Daniel M. French in 1902 Joshua W. French became the head
and general manager of the bank of French & Company. He was also the president
of the Condon National Bank and president of the Arlington National Bank and the
Eastern Oregon Banking Company at Shaniko. He was interested in and was a
director of the Wasco Warehouse Milling Company at The Dalles, also the Butler Bank-
ing Company at Hood River and was one of the principal owners in the Gilman-French
Land & Live Stock Company in eastern Oregon.

In 1861 at Sau Francisco, Mr. French was united in marriage to Miss Laura Ellen
Burke, a daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Ellis) Burke. She was born at Charleston,
Maine, and it was in the year 1861 that she made her way to the Pacific coast with a
brother and an elder sister to live with them in San Francisco. She was in her younger
years a teacher in the public schools of her native state. By her marriage she became
the mother of five children, three of whom are living: Mrs. Nellie J. French Bolton,
Edward H. and Vivian H.

Mr. French loved his home, being a devoted husband and father, counting no
personal effort nor sacrifice on his part too great if it would promote the happiness
of his family. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity of which he was an active mem-
ber and in his life exemplified the beneficent spirit of the craft. He was prominently
Identified with all things pertaining to the upbuilding and betterment of his town,
county and state. He passed away December 23, 1907, after long years of connection
with the coast country, during which he had witnessed much of its growth and progress.
His cooperation was never sought in vain when matters of public welfare were under
consideration. He gave his endorsement and support to all plans for the general good
and in many ways his labors were of decided advantage to the state, particularly in
the development of business leading to the present-day progress and prosperity of
Oregon.

CHALMER LEE GEORGE, D. D. S.

One of the leading dentists of Salem is Chalmer Lee George, who is numbered among
the younger representatives of the fraternity, and his professional skill and ability
have already secured for him a gratifying patronage. He is a native son of the state,
for his birth occurred in Oregon City, November 20, 1894. His father, William P. George,
is a native of Iowa who came to this state in 1894, locating at Oregon City, where
he engaged in the hotel business. In 1896 he became a resident of Salem, becoming
identified with the restaurant business and also following the occupation of farming,
specializing in the raising of prunes and loganberries, in which he has been quite
successful. At Medical Lake, Washington, he was united in marriage to Miss Laura A.
Williams, a native of Wales, and they became the parents of six children: Jesse R. and
William P., Jr., who are associated with their father in the restaurant business; Hazel
L., J. D. and Isabel F., all of whom are attending school; and Chalmer Lee, of this
review.

Dr. George attended the public and high schools of Salem and in 1914 he entered
the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, and was graduated from that institu-
tion in 1917 on the completion of a course in dentistry. Entering an office in the
Equitable building in New York city, he there engaged in practice and in April, 1918,
he entered the service of the United States navy as a dentist, being assigned to the
training station at Goat Island, California, thus gaining valuable practical experience.
After receiving his discharge from the service he returned to Salem on the 13th of
June, 1919, and upon successfully passing the state board examination he located for
practice in the Masonic Temple building of Salem, where he maintains one of the best
equipped dental offices on the Pacific coast, supplied with every modern appliance of
value in the practice of dental surgery. He possesses unusual mechanical skill and is
efficient, thorough and painstaking in all of his work, employing the most modern
methods of dental surgery, and he has already gained a large and gratifying patronage.

Vol. 11—9

].!() HISTORY OP OREGON

On the 3(1 of April, 1920, Dr. George was married to Miss Grace M. Howell, whose
parents, John and Amy (Nelson) Howell, were honored pioneers of this state. Her
father passed away in 1907 but her mother survives, residing at No. 740 University
street, in Salem. Dr. George belongs to Delta Sigma Delta, a college fraternity, and
fraternally he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America, the .Masons and the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. By broad reading and study he keeps in touch
with the progress that is constantly being made along the line of dental surgery and
his pronounced ability is attested by his professional colleagues and contemporaries.
His life work is one of broad usefulness and Salem numbers him among her most
valued citizens.

RALPH S. VAN CLEVE.

Ralph S. Van Cleve occupies a prominent position in business circles of Lincoln
county not only by reason of the success which he has achieved, but also owing to the
straightforward business policy which he has ever followed. Mr. Van Cleve is a
native of this state. He was born in Albany, Linn county, June 29, 1S79, and is a son
of Coll and Frances L. (Shepherd) Van Cleve, the former born in Illinois in 1833 and
the latter in Iowa in 1846. The father was a printer by trade and also conducted a
newspaper in Illinois. He was an honored veteran of the Civil war. enlisting in 1864.
He became captain of Company F, Ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was honorably
discharged on the completion of his three months' term of enlistment. In the
same year, or in 1864, he crossed the plains to Oregon, believing that the mild climate
of this state would restore his health, which the rigors of military life had greatly
impaired, and at the end of a few months his weight was increased from ninety to one
hundred and sixty-five pounds. For a short period he resided at The Dalles and then
removed to Portland, where for about five years he was employed as a compositor on
the Oregonian. On the expiration of that period he made his way to Albany, Linn
county, where he established the Daily Register and successfully conducted the paper
until 1882, when his plant was destroyed by fire. He was then appointed collector of
customs at Yaquina bay, in Lincoln county, his commission being signed by President
Arthur, and he retained that position until the election of President Cleveland, serving
for a term of four years, and for one term he filled the office of mayor of Albany. His
next removal took him to Scio, where he established a newspaper, which he subsequently
sold to its present owner, T. L. Dugger. Going to Yaquina. Oregon, he there engaged in
newspaper publication, subsequently removing his plant to Toledo. Lincoln county,
where he successfully continued its operation until his demise in September. 1913. In
the early days he had also engaged in prospecting in Idaho and Montana and was
familiar with many phases of pioneer lite in the northwest. The mother's demise
occurred in 1892. She was a daughter of J. M. Shepherd, who left his Iowa home in
the early '60s and crossed the plains to Oregon, casting in his lot with its early pioneers.
He operated a pony express from Baker, Oregon, to points in eastern Idaho and was
also a printer by trade, establishing the first newspaper at Baker. Oregon. For many
years he continued its publication and then sold the paper, opening a job oflSce, which
he continued to conduct throughout the remainder of his life.

Ralph S. Van Cleve was reared in Linn county and in the public schools of Albany
he pursued his education. After completing his studies he learned the printer's trade
under the direction of his father but has never engaged in that line of work. After his
mother's death, which occurred when he was thirteen years of age, he entered the
business world and for fifteen years was employed as clerk in different establishments,
thus gaining a thorough knowledge of business methods. On the 9th of November, 1906,
he purchased a general mercantile business at Toledo, which he has since conducted.
He now carries the largest stock of general merchandise in Toledo and is the owner of
the building in which his store is located — a modern, two-story structure, fifty by
seventy-five feet in dimensions. His establishment is most attractive by reason of its
tasteful arrangement and the large line of fine goods which he handles, while the busi-
ness methods of the house commend it to the support of the general public. He has
closely studied the needs and wishes of the public and has been able to meet the various
demands of the trade, which has now assumed large and gratifying proportions. He
does not fear to venture where favoring opportunity leads the way and opportunity is
ever to him a call to action.

HISTORY OF OREGON 131

On the 26th of April, 1906, Mr. Van Cleve was united in marriage to Miss Edith
Elder and they have become the parents of two children: Frances Oneatta, who was
born May 19, 1907; and Edith Rowena, born May 23, 1909.

In his political views Mr. Van Cleve is a republican and he has been called to public
positions of honor and trust, serving for two terms as a member of the city council. In
1915 he was elected president of the port of Toledo for a term of four years, but resigned
at the end of three years in order to devote his entire attention to his extensive business
interests. He stands high in Masonry, having attained the thirty-second degree in the
Scottish Rite, his membership being in Oregon Consistory, No. 1. He is also identified
with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the United Artisans and the Eastern Star
and his wife is a member of the Rebekahs, the United Artisans and the Eastern Star.
His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Episcopal church. In the
conduct of his business affairs Mr. Van Cleve has displayed sound judgment and his
energy and enterprise have gained him recognition as one of the substantial and repre-
sentative merchants of his part of the state. He has always followed the most honorable
methods and has therefore gained the confidence of all who have had business dealings
with him. He is a most progressive and public-spirited citizen and his many commend-
able traits of character have won for him an enviable position in the regard of his
fellow townsmen.

G. E. SANDERSON.

G. E. Sanderson, well known in business circles of the city as "Sandy, Portland's
Kodak and Pen Man," is an alert, enterprising young man whose spirit of initiative and
determination is carrying him forward to the goal of success. He has always continued
in the line of activity in which he embarked as a youth of .seventeen and is thoroughly
familiar with every phase of the trade, his specialized knowledge being of great value
to him in the attainment of prosperity. Mr. Sanderson is a native of Wisconsin. He
was born in Galesville in 1S93, a son of George E. and Cora (Button) Sanderson and a
representative of an old Massachusetts family whose ancestors gallantly fought for
American interests in the Revolutionary war. The father was one of the leading live
stock breeders of the east, specializing in the raising of Red Polled cattle. For many
years he kept a herd of from forty to sixty cattle which he exhibited at all of the leading
stock shows in that section of the country, winning many first prizes and becoming
known as an authority on live stock. Of his children five are living: Lela, the
wife of C. E. Emberson, of Seattle, Washington; Lloyd, residing in Wisconsin; Howard;
G. E.; and Ruth, who is assisting the subject of this review in the conduct of his business.
Reared on a farm G. E. Sanderson pursued his education in the schools of the
neighborhood and remained at home until he reached the age of seventeen years, when
he went to Seattle, Washington, where he became connected with photographic work.
In 1914 he arrived in Portland and here took charge of the photography department of
the Owl Drug Store, remaining thus employed for three years, or until 1917, when he
determined to engage in business on his own account, opening an establishment at No.
328 Washington street. He specializes in the handling of kodaks and pens, conducting
what is probably the only store of the kind in the country. He also carries candy novel-
ties and his main establishment is located at No. 328 Washington street in the Merchants
Trust building, where he has a suite of eighteen rooms. He thoroughly understands
every phase of the business and actuated at all times by a spirit of energy and
determination he has gradually extended his interests until he is now conducting a
business amounting to fifteen thousand dollars a month. His business methods have
ever been characterized by strict integrity and his plans are carefully formulated and
promptly executed. His employes number forty people and he is regarded as one of
Portland's most progressive young business men.

In 1912 Mr. Sanderson was united in marriage to Miss Helen Koch, of Seattle, Wash-
ington, and they have become the parents of two children. Jack and Credwyn. The
family residence is at No. 596 East Fifty-first street. Mr. Sanderson possesses a genial
nature and is a member of the leading clubs of the city, where he is popularly known
as "Sandy." He is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and
the Masons and in the last named order has attained the thirty-second degree in the
Scottish Rite, also holding membership in the Shrine in which he is an active worker.
He is a member of the Methodist church and in his daily life exemplifies its teachings.

132 HISTORY OF OREGON

Mr. Sanderson is a young man but has already accomplished much. He has fought life's
battles unaided and has come off victorious in the strife. His fellow townsmen attest
his sterling qualities and personal worth as well as his business ability and he has
gained a wide circle of friends during the period of his residence in the northwest.

LOUIS SALOMON.

For many years Louis Salomon was well known in connection with the real estate
development of Portland, where he entered that field of labor in 1888, continuing therein
until his death in 1916. He had reached the seventieth milestone on life's journey when
he was called to his final rest, his birth having occurred in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany,
March 11, 1846. He came to the United States in 1859, when a youth of thirteen years,
crossing the Atlantic on a sailing vessel which was manned by negroes, these being
the first black people that Mr. Salomon had ever seen. He landed at Philadelphia, but
after a few years spent in the east made his way to the Pacific coast, arriving in
California in 1863 and two years later came to Portland, Oregon, and still later settled
at Long Tom in Lane county, where he opened a store. He afterward removed to Lan-
caster and when the town of Junction City was laid out by Ben HoUiday, who built the
Oregon and Central Railroads, Mr. Salomon was offered his choice of a building site for
a store, without cost, if he would move to the town, which he did. There was no saw-
mill in the neighborhood, but Mr. HoUiday told him if he would get his lumber in
Portland it should be hauled for him to Junction City free of charge. Thus he became
identified with the upbuilding and development of the community, where he continued
until 1888, when he removed to Portland and entered the real estate business and con-
tinued therein until his death. His original location was at First and Washington
streets, after which he removed to 231 Stark street and eventually to 300 Oak street.
In 1905, his son, Adolph H., entered the business with him and has since become the
head of the real estate and mortgage loans business, which is conducted under the firm
name of Salomon & Company and maintains offices in the Railway Exchange building.

It was after his arrival in the new world that Louis Salomon was united in marriage
to Miss Hattie Simon, a native of Weisenheim, Germany, who came to Portland with
her parents about 1870. Her father, Samuel Simon, settled on a tract of land, now
known as the Simon Addition at East Twenty-sixth and Division streets. The marriage
of Mr. and Mrs. Salomon was celebrated on December 9, 1877, and Mrs. Salomon passed
away May 5, 1919. In their family were four children: Adolph, forty-two years of
age; Claudia, the wife of C. S. Samuel, manager of the Oregon Life Insurance Company,
their family now numbering two sons, Millard A. and Leo; Sylvia A., the wife of Sigmund
Sonnenberg, who is engaged in merchandising in San Francisco; and Sidney H., who
was born in May, 1886, and is engaged in the insurance business in Portland. The
family has long been prominently known in Portland and the firm of Salomon & Com-
pany is one of the oldest operating in the real estate fields here. During his connection
therewith the father contributed in no small measure to the development and improve-
ment of the city. He made a close study of real estate conditions, was familiar with all
property on the market and was thus able to negotiate many important real estate trans-
fers. He was actuated in all he undertook by a spirit of enterprise and by a laudable
ambition and as the years passed he won a substantial measure of success.

J. C. SIEGMUND.

J. C. Siegmund, who for nearly a half century has been a resident of Oregon and is
therefore entitled to classification with its pioneer settlers, is now numbered among the
prominent and substantial business men of Salem, where he is at the head of an ex-
tensive undertaking, conducted under the name of the Union Abstract Company, this
being the largest enterprise of the kind in the city. He was born in Sheboygan, Wis-
consin, December 25, 18G1, and in 1874, when thirteen years of age, came to Oregon with
his parents, Jacob and Margarette (Klumb) Siegmund. The family located in Portland,
where they remained for a year while the father looked about for a suitable farm. He
purchased a ranch of three hundred and twenty acres southeast of Salem and later bought
an additional tract of five hundred and thirty-eight acres adjoining his original invest-

HISTORY OF OREGON 133

ment and is still tlie owner of that property, which he has greatly improved, converting it
into one of the finest farms in the northwest. He grows grain and also engages in the
raising of good stock and although eighty-nine years of age, retains much of his early
mental and physical vigor, being still an active factor in the world's work. The mother
passed away on Memorial day of 1920, at which time she had reached the age of eighty-
three years.

Their son, J. C. Siegmund, attended the public schools of his native state, complet-
ing his education in Willamette University at Salem, Oregon. He followed the occu-
pation of farming until his twenty-fifth year and subsequently engaged in teaching
school. His fellow citizens, recognizing his worth and ability, called him to public
oflSce and from July, 1902, until July, 1907, he served as county recorder of Marion
county, discharging his duties with a sense of conscientious obligation that made his
record a most commendable one. On the expiration of his ofiicial service he engaged
in the abstract business in Salem, of which he had gained a thorough and compre-
hensive knowledge while acting as county recorder, and is now conducting his inter-
ests under the name of the Union Abstract Company. His business judgment has ever
been found to be sound and reliable and his enterprise unfaltering and his interests are
operated along the most systematic and progressive lines, productive of excellent results.
About nine thousand real estate transfers are recorded annually in Salem and Mr.
Siegmund receives more than two-thirds of the abstract business resulting from these
transfers, having the leading enterprise of that kind in the city. His place of business is
at No. 345 State street and his employes average nine people.

In 1898 Mr. Siegmund was united in marriage to Miss Inez I. Hale, a daughter of
William and Rachel (Alphin) Hale, honored pioneers of Oregon, the former coming to
this state in 1852 and the latter in 1847. Mr. and Mrs. Siegmund have become the par-
ents of a son, Floyd L., who is now attending college at Corvallis, Oregon. The various
experiences of pioneer life are familiar to Mr. Siegmund and through his industry and
enterprise he has contributed to the substantial development and progress of the section
in which he lives. He can remember when many of the well cultivated farms of today
were covered with a dense growth of forest trees and when great stretches of land that
are now thickly populated presented no indication of civilization. He has made good
use of his time, his talents and his opportunities and in the evening of life can look back
Over the past without regret and forward to the future without fear. He has a wide
acquaintance in this section of the state and Salem numbers him among her substantial
and highly respected citizens.

JOSEPH E. SHELTON.

Joseph E. Shelton is one of the owners and publishers of the Eugene Daily Guard
and as a progressive newspaper man he is contributing in large measure to the develop-
ment of the district in which he is located. He was born in Indian Mound, Stewart
county, Tennessee, February 3, 1873, his parents being Eldridge M. and Elizabeth
(Hunt) Shelton, natives of Tennessee. The father followed farming in that state and
also served in the Confederate army during the Civil war. In ISSO he went to Kentucky,
becoming a resident of Mayfleld, where he has since made his home. The mother passed
away in October, 1918.

Joseph E. Shelton acquired his education in the schools of Mayfield, Kentucky, and
afterward learned the printer's trade in the office of the Mayfield Monitor. At the age
of eighteen years he left home and started out in the world on his own account, going
to Cape Girardeau, Missouri, where he purchased a half interest in the Daily Era, with
which he was connected until 1893. He then went to Springfield, Missouri, and was
secretary-treasurer of the Leader Publishing Company of that city until 1896, at which
time he became telegraph editor of the Daily Commercial of Louisville, Kentucky, with
which he remained until the Despatch was established, when he became news editor
of that paper. Subsequently he went to Paducah, Kentucky, and founded the Daily
Democrat, of which he was managing editor until 1901, when failing health compelled
him to seek a change of climate and he went to Arizona, becoming editor of the Phoenix
Gazette. His connection with that journal continued until 1905, when, his health being
restored, he returned to Missouri and operated a weekly paper at Union until 1911.
In that year he came to Oregon and went to work as advertising manager for the Daily
Guard at Eugene, and after a year's service he became managing editor. Later he pur-

l:!4 HISTORY OP OREGOX

chased an interest in the Eugene Morning Register, with which he was connected for
two years. On the 11th of April, 1916, in association with Charles H. Fisher, he pur-
chased the Eugene Daily Guard, which they have since successfully conducted. Mr.
Shelton acted as editor and manager of the Guard until Mr. Fisher disposed of his
paper at Salem, Oregon, at which time the latter assumed the editorial duties, while
Mr. Shelton is business manager. Theirs is one of the oldest papers in the state, its
first issue appearing in 1866, when it was published as a weekly. In June, 1891, it became
a daily and has grown from a one-man shop to one of the most modern printing plants in
the northwest, equipped with all of the latest presses and three linotype machines. From
a typographical standpoint it is up-to-date and as its news is always accurate and reliable
it has won the confidence of the public in large measure and enjoys an extensive
circulation, thus making it a valuable advertising medium. Its editorial policy is vig-
orous and the Guard has ever been a leader in public affairs, always standing strongly
for the development of the natural resources of the Willamette valley.

On the 20th of December, 1899, Mr. Shelton was united in marriage to Miss Ger-
trude Elizabeth Vitt, a daughter of Hon. A. A. and Mollie (Ferguson) Vitt, natives of
Missouri. The father was prominent in manufacturing and financial circles of his
locality as a miller and banker and also won distinction in public affairs, having served
as representative from Franklin county to the Missouri state legislature. He passed
away October 3, 1920. The mother died about 1880.

Mr. Shelton is well known in fraternal and club circles of Eugene, holding member-
ship in the Masonic order, the Eastern Star, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Modern Woodmen of America and the
Kiwanis Club, while his interest in the welfare and advancement of his city and state
is indicated in his membership in the Oregon Chamber of Commerce and the Eugene
Chamber of Commerce. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party and
in religious faith he is a Presbyteriah. Mr. Shelton's broad experience in the news-
paper field has made him one of the best known men in journalistic circles of the
country and through the medium of his paper he has aided largely in promoting
public progress along material, intellectual, social, political and moral lines.

LAWRENCE S. KAISER.

Lawrence S. Kaiser, a native son of Portland and a member of one of the honored
pioneer families of the state, is doing excellent work as a public official, having served
as superintendent of the bureau of waterworks since 1914, and he has also gained
prominence as a successful real estate dealer. As a business man and as a public official
he has made an excellent record, and his efforts have been an element in the general
development and upbuilding of the city in which his entire life has been passed.

Mr. Kaiser was born in Portland, September 9, 1870, a son of Andrew and Rosa B.
(Scharr) Kaiser, the former born in Switzerland in 1830 and the latter in Wittenburg,
Germany, in 1838. The maternal grandfather was also a native of Germany and a man
of prominence in his community, serving for eight years as burgomaster, but subse-
quently left that country and came to America, landing at New Orleans, Louisiana, in
1850. The parents of Lawrence S. Kaiser crossed the plains to San Francisco, Cali-
fornia, in 1859, making the trip by mule team and being three months en route. From
San Francisco they came to Portland as passengers on a sailing vessel and the father
here established himself in business, opening a confectionery store on Front street,
near Yamhill, in the early '60s and becoming one of the pioneer merchants of the city.
At a subsequent period he removed to Linnton, Oregon, and there took up his abode
upon a ranch.

In the pursuit of an education Lawrence S. Kaiser attended the public schools of
his native city, becoming a student in the Couch and old North Central schools, where
he continued his studies until 1888. when he entered the Portland Business College,
from which he was graduated in June, 1890, on the completion of a course in book-
keeping and banking, while subsequently he devoted two years to the study of law.
Upon starting out in the business world he became bookkeeper and collector for Wake-
field, Fries & Company, remaining with that firm from 1890 until 1894, and he then
filled the position of cashier tor the water committee of Portland, acting in that capacity
from 1894 until 1902. In the latter year he became chief clerk for the water board of
Portland, thus serving until 1914, and on the 7th of May of that year was elected by

LAWRENCE S. KAISER

HISTORY OF OREGON 137

the city council to the office of superintendent ot the bureau of waterworks, in which
capacity he is now serving. His long connection with this department has made him
thoroughly familiar with its workings and he is therefore well qualified to discharge
the duties that devolve upon him, doing conscientious, systematic and efficient work,
which has made his services of great value to the city. He has also been active in the
field of real estate, purchasing a tract of land known as the Canyon Gardens, located at
Chapman and Jefferson streets, which he platted as Kaiser's subdivision of King's first
addition, selling the property to good advantage. He has made extensive investments
in real estate, having firm faith in Portland's future as a business center, and he is the
owner of property in Couch's addition. King's addition, Irving's addition, the HoUiday
Park addition, Westmoreland and the Davenport tract. In 1906 he sold one hundred
and forty-four acres adjoining Linnton to A. L. Mills, president of the First National
Bank, and he is regarded as an expert valuator and a shrewd, farsighted business man
who is never afraid to venture where favoring opportunity points out the way. His
plans are carefully formulated, and his business transactions have ever balanced up
with principles of honor and integrity.

At Springbrook, in Yamhill county, Oregon, on the 12th of September, 1893, Mr.
Kaiser was united in marriage to Miss Miriam M. Skinner, a daughter of Edward Hayes
and Penelope J. (Leddick) Skinner, of Rockford, Illinois. Mrs. Kaiser was born in
Rockford, February 18, 1871, and was a cousin of President Rutherford B. Hayes. She
came to Portland in 1890 and died October 28, 1918, leaving three children: Marguerite
Jewel, born March 9, 1895, who is a graduate of St. Mary's and Philomath Colleges
and has devoted her attention to educational work, having taught school in Oregon and
Idaho; Lawrence Edward, who was born May 23, 1903, and is now attending the Benson
Polytechnic School; and Miriam Edna, a student at the Ladd school.

In his political views Mr. Kaiser is a republican, and his religious faith is indicated
by his membership in the First Congregational church, with which he has been affiliated
since 1896. He is a member of the Oregon Historical Society, the Portland Press Club,
the Portland Social Turnverein and the Auld Lang Syne Society, while fraternally he is
identified with Camp No. 77 of the Woodmen of the World and with Columbia Lodge,
No. 114, A. F. & A. M. He is making a splendid political record, characterized by faith-
ful and efficient service and marked devotion to duty, and his life has been a busy and
useful one, filled with honorable purpose and accomplishment. He has been an inter-
ested witness of much of the growth and development of Portland and has been an
active factor in its progress. Wherever known he is held in high regard, and most
of all where he is best known.

OTTO HARTWIG.

Otto Hartwig, president of the Oregon State Federation of Labor, in which office
he has served since 1916, is exceptionally well qualified to discharge the responsible
duties which devolve upon him in this connection, ably representing the labor interests
of the state. A native of Michigan, Mr. Hartwig was born in Manistee in 1887, a son of

C. S. and Laura (Cabella) Hartwig, the former a native of Denmark and the latter
of Hamburg, Germany. Emigrating to America, they became residents of Michigan,
whence they removed successively to Wisconsin, Montana, Idaho and Oregon, arriving
In Portland in 1906.

After completing his school course Otto Hartwig learned automobile and carriage
painting in Wisconsin and later the trade of a painter and paper hanger, which he
followed successfully until 1916, during which period he took an active part in the
work of the unions. In that year he was chosen president of the State Federation of
Labor — an office which was entirely unsolicited by Mr. Hartwig, but the choice was a
wise one, for he is eminently fitted for leadership and under his wise guidance the
interests of the state labor organization have been well cared for. The State Federation
is composed of one hundred and thirty labor organizations and has a membership of
nearly fifty thousand. Mr. Hartwig is also secretary of the state board of conciliation
and a member of the board of vocational training and was identified with the United
States employment service during the World war. In 1919 he was sent to Washington,

D. C, on a commission regarding the cancellation of shipping contracts and in the same
year represented Oregon at the international convention of the Federation of Labor.
At various times Mr. Hartwig has desired to resign his office as president of the State

138 HISTORY OF OREGOX

Federation but the organization has refused to accept his resignation, believing that
they can find no one so well qualified to fill this most exacting position. By virtue of
his office he was a member of draft board No. 1 during the World war and took a
prominent part in all the loan drives and also was a member of the Boy Scouts com-
mittee.

In 1918 Mr. Hartwig was united In marriage to Miss Rachel B. Hickman of Port-
land, and they have become the parents of a son. Otto R., Jr., now in his first year. Mr.
Hartwig resides on Powell valley road in a suburban home surrounded by seven and a
half acres of land. He is a member of the Painters Union and president of the Labor
Temple Association. Although a young man he has already become one of the foremost
figures in labor organizations of the country and his natural endowments well qualify
him for the important position which he so capably fills. His record measures up to
the full standard of honorable manhood and those who know him recognize in him a
citizen whose loyalty to the public welfare has never been questioned, while his in-
tegrity and honor in private affairs are matters familiar to all with whom he has been
associated.

GALE S. HILL.

Gale S. Hill, former district attorney of Linn county, is an able member of the Ore-
gon bar, holding to the highest standards of the profession. He is likewise a member of
the law firm of Hill & Marks, leading attorneys of Albany, whose clientele is extensive
and of a representative character. Mr. Hill is a native son of Oregon, his birth having
occurred in the city where he still makes his home on the 11th of November, 1S87. His
parental grandfather. Dr. R. C. Hill, was a Baptist minister who crossed the plains to
Oregon in 1852 and for a time resided in Benton county. Subsequently he became a
resident of Albany and here founded the Baptist church, of which he continued as pastor
throughout the remainder of his active life, his work in that connection proving of
far-reaching and beneficial effect. His son. Dr. J. L. Hill, was but four years of age
when his parents made the journey to Oregon from Tennessee. For a time he worked
on farms in the state and then learned the printer's trade, after which he entered
Willamette University, and working his way through that institution of learning and
was graduated therefrom in 1871, at which time the M. D. degree was bestowed upon
him. He engaged in the practice of medicine at Buena Vista, Polk county, tor a year
and then opened an office in Albany, where he continued in practice to the time of
his death. In addition to his private practice, which was extensive and important,
he was surgeon general of the Oregon National Guards under Governor Moody and
his professional standing was of the highest. He was careful in diagnosis, and wide
reading and study kept him abreast with the advancement continually being made in
the methods of medical and surgical practice. He also wrote extensively for news-
papers and was a man of broad learning, who possessed one of the best libraries in
the state and was likewise said to have the finest museum on the Pacific coast. He
traveled extensively and at the opening of the World war he was making a tour of.
the world, being a passenger on a German boat en route from Australia to Aden. The
steamer was pursued by war ships and at length was obliged to put into a neutral port
in East Africa, from which point Dr. Hill made his way home as best he could, being
compelled to follow the African coast, but finally reached his native land in safety. He
had wedded Mary Pennington, a native of Linn county, Oregon. Her father, Stewart
M. Pennington, came to this state in 1847 and took up a donation claim in Linn county,
which he improved and developed, and subsequently went to Pendleton, Oregon, where
for some time he engaged in merchandising, in which he won success, acquiring a
substantial competence which enabled him to live retired in his later years in the
enjoyment of a well earned rest. He represented Umatilla county in the state senate
for two terms and gave earnest and thoughtful consideration to all vital ques-
tions which came up for settlement. He passed away at Albany in 1913. Dr. Hill
was prominent in the Knights of Pythias, being grand chancellor of his lodge for the
state of Oregon. He was a man of high intellectual attainments, who, working his
way through college, attained high rank in his profession and was classed with the
most skilled physicians of his section of the state. He passed away in July, 1919. at
the age of seventy-four years, while the mother's death occurred in December, 1896.
Their son. Gale S. Hill, attended the public schools of Albany and later enrolled

HISTORY OF OREGON 139

It in Albany College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1897.
He then read law in the office of J. K. Weathertord and spent one year in the office of
his uncle, W. Lair Hill, at Oakland, California, being admitted to the bar in 1900.
He opened an office in Albany and has continued in practice here. His knowledge of
the law is comprehensive and exact and he is seldom, it ever, at fault in the applica-
tion of a legal principle. On the 1st of January, 1915, Mr. Hill formed a partnership
with W. L. Marks, and this association has continued, the firm now being accorded
a large and representative clientage. Mr. Hill's ability in his profession has won
recognition by election to public office and for eight and a half years he served as
deputy district attorney under John H. McNary of Salem. In 1912 he was elected
district attorney for the old third judicial district, comprising Linn, Marion. Polk.
Yamhill and Tillamook counties, and held that office until the district was divided,
when he served for Linn and Marion counties. When each county was made a district
he was elected district attorney for Linn county in 1916 and served in that office until
January 1. 1921.

Mr. Hill gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his fraternal
connections are with the Masons, the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, while along the line of his
profession he is identified with the American, Oregon State and Linn County Bar
Associations, and of the last named has served as president. He is the owner of a
fine law library and is a man of high professional attainments, whose standing at the
bar is an enviable one. He is deeply interested in all that pertains to public progress
and improvement, giving his aid and cooperation to all plans and movements for the
general good, and his enterprise and public spirit have made him a valued citizen of
his community.

M. H. ABBEY.

M. H. Abbey is the senior member of the firm of M. H. & E. J. Abbey, proprietors
of the Abbey Hotel at Newport, a hostelry which is known throughout the Pacific north-
west, and he also has valuable holdings in lead and silver mines in British Columbia.
He is a most enterprising and successful business man and in the conduct of his various
interests displays sound judgment and excellent executive ability. Mr. Abbey is a
representative of one of the old and honored pioneer families of the state. He was
born in the city where he now resides on the 11th of April, 1869, and is a son of Peter
M. and Sarina S. (Earl) Abbey, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Canada.
The father was employed as a clerk in mercantile establishments in his native state
and later went to Canada, where he resided for a year. He then returned to the States
and in 1866 came to Oregon, taking up his residence in Elk City, Lincoln county, where.
in partnership with his brothers, he engaged in general merchandising until 1869, when
he removed to Newport. Here he opened a general mercantile establishment and also
establislied the Abbey Hotel, continuing active in those lines throughout the remainder
of his life. He was most successful in the conduct of his mercantile interests and
the excellent service afforded by his hotel soon gained for it widespread popularity
and it became known throughout the Pacific northwest. He passed away on the 6th
of February, 1916, at the age of seventy-nine years and the mother's demise occurred
in April of that year, when she was sixty-eight years of age. They were widely known
and highly esteemed as honored pioneer settlers of the state.

Their son, M. H. Abbey, was reared in Newport and here attended the public
schools, later pursuing a course in Philomath College, while his brother, E. J. Abbey,
was for three years a student in the public schools of Corvallis, Oregon. On entering
business life the brothers became associated with their father in the conduct of the
hotel and following his demise they became sole proprietors of the business, conducting
their interests under the firm name of M. H. & E. J. Abbey. In 1910 they erected a
fine modern hotel, three stories in height, containing eighty-five rooms and supplied
with all the latest equipment and conveniences to be found in a first-class hostelry. The
hotel is noted for its excellent cuisine and it has found favor with the traveling public,
being known from Alaska to San Diego. It is conducted along the most modern and
progressive lines and the service rendered patrons is high grade in every particular.
M. H. Abbey is also a stockholder in the Western State Bank of Newport and is like-
wise extensively interested in lead and s-ilver mines in British Columbia. His invest-

140 HISTORY OF OREGON

ments have been judiciously made and capably managed and by reason of his enterprise
and diligence he has won a substantial measure of success.

In November, 1901, Mr. Abbey was united in marriage to Miss Sadie Kist of Ash-
land, Oregon, and they became the parents of a daughter, Irene, who is now the wife
of E. A. Scram of Los Angeles. On the 1st of January, 1917, Mr. Abbey wedded Miss
Sadie Patterson and they have a large circle of friends in the city where they reside.

In his political views Mr. Abbey is a republican and is much interested in public
affairs of his community, having served for two terms as port commissioner of New-
port, which position he capably filled until January 1. 1921. His fraternal connections
are with the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.
His entire life has been passed in Oregon and he is actuated by the spirit of western
enterprise and progress that has been a dominant factor in bringing about the rapid
upbuilding and substantial growth of the state. He is a man of high principles and
honorable purposes and wherever known he commands the respect and confidence of
all with whom he is associated.

ANTHONY NEPPACH.

For almost forty-five years Anthony Neppach has been identified with the
now carried on under the name of the Nicolai-Neppach Company in Portland. He is
a representative of one of the oldest and best known of the pioneer families of the
city and there are few so thoroughly acquainted with the history of Portland and its
development as he. A native of Wisconsin, he was born in Fond du Lac, March 1,
1856, and was a youth of seventeeen years when he came to the northwest. His parents
were Mr. and Mrs. William Charles Neppach and their children were John C, Joseph
H., Stephen A., Susan, Peter F., Frances, William Charles and Anthony. Only two
of the number are now living: Mrs. Susan Kratz, who resides in Oakland, California;
and Anthony, of this review. It was William Charles Neppach, the father, who built
the brick structure at the northwest corner of Third and Burnside streets in 1887.
Other members of the family were prominently identified with the early business
development of Portland, for Stephen A., Peter F. and Joseph H. Neppach, brothers
of Anthony Neppach, opened a drug store on the northwest corner of First and Oak
streets in 1874 and afterward removed to the building owned by the Neppach family
at Third and Burnside streets. Another brother. John, was for years engaged in the
feed business and later conducted a feed business on the east side and afterward a
butchering business. Thus the name of Neppach began to figure more and more promi-
nently in connection with the trade circles of the city and has been prominently known
to the present time.

Anthony Neppach was a youth of seventeen years when the family home was estab-
lished in Portla.nd. He journeyed westward by way of San Francisco and arrived in
the Rose City on the 3d of September, 1873, after a seven days' voyage on the "Ora
Flame." Three shots were fired from the mouth of a cannon at Sauvies Island, an-
nouncing the arrival of the steamship, which was always an event to this city with its
five thousand population that always turned out en masse to welcome the incoming
steamers, which at that time docked at the foot of Glisan street. The Portland of
that day bore little resemblance to the metropolitan city of the present, although
changes were being gradually brought about that laid the foundation for the present Port-
land. In the year 1871 there was a large fire in the neighborhood of the foot of Jefferson
street and business was then transferred to the lower end of the town, the Clarendon
hotel being built at First and Glisan streets, while the old 0. & C. terry at the foot
of that street handled the freight across the river. The Stark street ferry, owned by
Levi and Jack Knott, handled the passenger trade between the east and west sides
by means of a cable rope. The first planing mill in Portland was built by Nicolai
Brothers and this constituted the predecessor of the plant of the Nicolai-Neppach Com-
pany of the present day. The original planing mill was erected in 1866. The supply
of timber was received from scows which entered what was then known as Balch creek
at the foot of Fifteenth street, below the plant of the Willamette Lumbering & Manu-
facturing Company, thence proceeded up through Couch's lake where the Union depot
now stands and landed the lumber at Second and Everett streets. Many times Mr.
Neppach put on his skates at First and Everett streets and skated down to Couch's and

ANTHONY NEPPACH

HISTORY OF OREGON 143

Guild's lakes, beyond where now stands the North Pacific sawmill. In the year 1876
Anthony Neppach became interested in the planing mill and has since been identified
with the business now conducted under the name of the Nicolai-Neppach Company.
He was a young man of twenty-one when he entered the plant in which he has since
worked, either in the mill or in connection with executive management. Throughout
the intervening period he has contributed in large measure to the growth and success
of the undertaking, as he became acquainted with every phase of the business and
developed his powers more and more wisely to direct its activities. The Nieolai-Nip-
pach Company were the first people that experimented with the timber of Oregon.
They went into the forests, chopped down the trees, such as cedar and larch, and packed
out on their backs a sufficient amount of wood to experiment as to its usefulness as
a finishing lumber.

In the year 1888 Mr. Neppach was united in marriage to Miss Kate M. Sohns, a
daughter of Louis Sohns, the incorporator and president of the First Bank of Van-
couver, Washington, and five times mayor of that city. He was elected nine times
to the legislature and helped frame the laws of the state of Washington when it was
changed from a territory into a state. Mr. and Mrs. Neppach now reside at No. 255 North
Twenty-fifth street, at the corner of Northrup. Great, indeed, have been the changes
which have occurred since Mr. Neppach took up his abode in Portland in company
with the members of his father's household. The site of the city then covered a com-
paratively small district near the river, but with the passing years the growth has
extended to the adjoining hillside, with East Portland as a great city across the
Willamette. The Neppach family has borne its full share in the work of general
development and progress and Anthony Neppach still maintains a prominent position
in the business circles, honored and respected by all who know him, not alone for the
success which he has achieved but also by reason of the progressive and straightfor-
ward business methods he has ever followed.

HIRAM TERWILLIGER.

The student of history cannot carry his investigation far into the records of
Oregon without learning of the close connection of the Terwilliger family with the
development and upbuilding of the state. Hiram Terwilliger was long associated with
mining and ranching interests here and from pioneer times representatives of the
name have taken active part in the work of public improvement along many lines. They
were Illinois people who cast in their lot with the early settlers, becoming associated
with the first white men who took up their abode in the Willamette valley. Prior to
living in Illinois, the family had come from Ohio and it was at Vernon, Knox county,
Ohio, that Hiram Terwilliger was born on the sixth of March, 1S40, his parents being
James and Sophronia (Hurd) Terwilliger. Both of his parents were of Dutch descent
and the Terwilliger family, as indicated by early colonial records, were among the
first settlers of New York. The great grandmother of Hiram Terwilliger in the paternal
line was owner of a large tract of land on the site where New York City now stands.
James Terwilliger, the father, became a blacksmith of Knox county, Ohio, where he
resided until 1841, and then removed westward to Illinois, settling in Hancock county
on the Mississippi river. This attractive district had already won the favorable atten-
tion of the Mormon leader, Joseph Smith, who there established a colony of the Latter-
day Saints, who at Nauvoo erected a temple and planted homes. This aroused great
antagonism among the residents of that section of the slate, but for several years
the Mormons continued to arrive and settle there from the east end of Europe. At
length James Terwilliger sold his farm and Joined the Latter-day Saints on their
emigration to the northwest. This was before the time of the gold excitement, and
farming, fur trading and merchandising constituted the only business pursuits known in
the great region between the Mississippi river and the Pacific coast. Mr. Terwilliger
started upon the long journey with a team of four oxen and an emigrant wagon, in
which were his wife and four children. He left his old home in April and it was
not until October that he reached his destination, and his wife had succumbed to the
hardships of the trip, dying while en route. On reaching the Willamette valley James
Terwilliger erected a log cabin, on what is now the corner of First and Morrison
streets in Portland, and also built a blacksmith shop, being the first to open a smithy
in this city, which at that time was a tiny hamlet giving little promise of its future

144 HISTORY OF OREGON

development and growth. In 1847 Mr. Terwilliger was married to Mrs. Palinda Green,
and in 1850 the family home was established in South Portland on a tract of six hun-
dred and forty acres of land that is now within the corporation limits of this city. He
afterward obtained the property as a donation claim and eighty-one acres of the
original tract was in possession of Hiram Terwilliger to the time of his death and
was the site of his home. The growth of the city greatly increased the value of the
property and portions of the original claim were sold from time to time for residence
purposes.

Mr. Terwilliger was keenly interested in public affairs in the early days and did
not a little to shape public thought, action and progress. He served as a colonel of the
State Militia and enjoyed the highest respect of all of his associates, who were among
the substantial citizens of Portland. He died in 1890 at the advanced age of eighty-
four years, and thus passed on one who had been a connecting link between the pioneer
past and the progressive present. The tract of land now known as Terwilliger Park
was originally donated to the city for cemetery purposes but later was dedicated to
its present use and is a permanent monument to a man who was the first to discern
the possibilities of Portland as an attractive site for a growing city.

Hiram Terwilliger was but five years of age when he accompanied his parents on
the long arduous journey across the plains and over the mountains to the beautiful
Willamette valley. During his lifetime he witnessed a marvelous transformation in
what was first a wilderness, and lived to see a flourishing and beautiful city rise on
the site of the old homestead farm which he occupied in his boyhood days. He pur-
sued his early education in the public schools of Portland and at Forest Grove, and
continued to remain in Oregon until 1862, when he went to the mines of Idaho and later
spent tour years in a logging camp in Oregon. He likewise devoted three years to a
seafaring life, sailing along the coast, and for a year and a half, beginning in 1869,
he conducted a feed and grocery store in Portland. In 1870 he became interested in
the dairy business in Tillamook county, where he continued for four years but finally
took up his abode in Portland on a beautiful tract of an acre and a half, which he
owned until his death. He was likewise the owner of seventy-five acres of valuable
Portland property and had an interest on the corner of First and Morrison streets,
where his father had originally opened his blacksmith shop. He was one of the men
of affluence in this city and at all times carefully and successfully managed his business
affairs.

On the 12th of July, 1869, in Tillamook, Oregon, Mr. Terwilliger was united in
marriage to Miss Mary Edwards, a daughter of Joseph and Margaret Edwards, who
crossed the plains in 1862 and settled in Tillamook. Mrs. Terwilliger was born in
Keokuk, Iowa, and has now passed away. They became the parents of four children:
James and Joseph, both of Portland; Charlotte, the wife of Frank Butz, and the
mother of two daughters, Latha and Ethel; and Virtue, the wife of Edward Rogers of
Portland, her family now numbering three children, Ruth, George and Mildred. The
death of Mr. Terwilliger occurred April 18, 1918, while his wife survived a little more
than a year, passing away October 26, 1919.

When Mr. Terwilliger had been a resident of Portland for seventy years the
Oregonian wrote an interesting article concerning him as follows: "To practically
every inhabitant of Portland the name of Terwilliger is known, largely through its
association with the modern drive, Terwilliger boulevard, that winds in and out in the
hills of South Portland; but to a scant hundred persons the name of Hiram Terwilliger
is inseparable from the history of Portland since its foundation. For just seventy years
ago he came to Portland, or rather passed through the dense wilderness where Port-
land now stands, and at the age of five years began a career probably unequaled by any
other living man. As a child he had only Indians tor playmates and he learned to
'speak jargon better than English.' Mr. Terwilliger does not see Portland as it is today
— he remembers only the time when 'Uncle Johnny' Stephens lived across the river; when
Clinton Kelley lived farther east; when Phineas Carruthers lived north of his father's
homestead and when G. H. Quiraby, Mr. Pettygrove and all the others were Portland's
first citizens. He is a republican but never sought political office. He ran for the
legislature one session, was defeated by one vote, so decided that was enough for him.
He decries modern social and political conditions and wishes that the whole scene
could be changed and he could 'live again the days when every one was a neighbor to
every one else; when each man had an equal amount of property and privilege and no
one was trying to wrest what you had from you through legal technicality!' " Through
his entire life Mr. Terwilliger enjoyed the confidence and goodwill of those with whom

HISTORY OP OREGON 145

he had long been associated. That his life, was an upright and honorable one is indi-
cated in the fact that his stanchest friends were those who had known him from his
boyhood days, and it was with deep regret that Portland chronicled the passing of this
honored pioneer settler.

R. J. PETERSON.

R. J. Peterson, conducting one of the fine photographic studios of Portland, came
to the city in March, 1907, and through the intervening period of fourteen years has
been a well known representative of photographic art in this city. Mr. Peterson is a
native of Jamestown, New York, and in his youthful days attended school in Gary,
New York, and also the Jamestown high school, from which he was graduated on the
completion of his course. He later entered upon an apprenticeship to the American
Aristotype Company in his home town in order to learn the method of making photo-
graphic paper. He there continued for a few years, thoroughly acquainting himself
with every phase of the business and at length took up the professional part of using
the manufactured product of the Aristo Company, becoming connected with the Monroe
Studio at Jamestown, New York. Still later he conducted a studio of his own at
Austin, Pennsylvania, and afterward in his native city. At different periods he was
connected with many prominent studios in the east, including the home studio of Mr.
Hall on Virginia street, Buffalo, New York.

It was in 1905 that Mr. Peterson made his way to the Pacific coast, thinking to
enjoy better opportunities, perhaps, in this section of the country. He arrived in San
Francisco, where he made his home for two years and then in March, 1907, removed
to Portland, where he has continued to reside. He has made for himself a most cred-
itable position in the business circles of the city. He purchased the Dufresne Studio
in the Buchanan block in 1910 and was not long in building up a good business, for
he soon gave tangible proof of his capability and high standards as a representative of
photographic art. In June, 1916, he opened his present studio in the Pittock block
and has since been here located. He is thoroughly familiar with the latest processes
of photography, has keen appreciation of the values of light and shade and has a
happy faculty of catching a natural pose or expression, so that he produces excellent
likenesses of his patrons.

On the 22d of September, 1897, Mr. Peterson was married to Miss Carrie Radley
of Olean, New York, and during the period of their residence in Portland they have
gained many warm friends and made for themselves an enviable position in social
circles. Mr. Peterson has a great love for the western country, with its beauty and
its progressiveness and is now numbered among the substantial business men of the
Rose City.

D. A. WHITE.

Since 1890 D. A. White has been engaged in the commission business in Salem
and he enjoys the distinction of being the pioneer merchant in that line of activity in
the city. His trade has assumed extensive proportions and he is most capably con
ducting his interests, his efforts being rewarded with a gratifying measure of success,
He was born near Peoria, Illinois, December 5, 1854, and came to the west in October,
1880, settling In Kansas, where he remained for a period of seven years and then re
moved to Anatone, Washington. After residing for three years in Washington he came
to Oregon and in 1890 located in Salem, establishing a commission business on Cour
street. Subsequently he moved his business to Commercial street and afterward pur
chased the ground of his present location, on which he erected a two-story building
and also a brick warehouse two stories in height and one hundred and fifty by forty
two feet in dimensions, these being on Front street. He also built two warehouses
on Water street, which have a capacity of six hundred tons of baled hay. Mr. White
is associated in business with his two sons and their interests are conducted under the
style of D. A. White & Sons. They deal in hay, grain and teed and their enterprising
methods and reliable dealing have secured for them a large patronage, theirs being one
of the largest and oldest commission houses in the city. Mr. White is also the owner

Vol. 11—10

14() HISTORY OF OREGON

of a farm of sixty-six acres near Salem, which is given over to the cultivation of logan-
berries, and this he rents, deriving therefrom a substantial addition to his income.
He is an energetic, farsighted and progressive business man and success in substantial
measure has crowned his efforts.

On the 3d of January, 1SS7, Mr. White was united in marriage to Miss Edith D.
Brewster, a descendant of Elder (William) Brewster, who was one of the passengers
on the Mayflower. Mr. and Mrs. White were married at El Paso, Illinois, and they
have become the parents of three children: H. O., who married Miss Nellie D. Cox
of Silverton, Oregon, and has two sons, Lowell and Otho, both of whom are attending
school; Floyd M.; and Blanche I., who is at home with her parents. The sons are
energetic and progressive young business men and are members of the firm of D. A.
White & Sons. The family is widely and favorably known in Salem, having resided
here for a period of thirty-one years, and through his mercantile activities Mr. White
has substantially contributed to the business development of the city. His entire career
has been actuated by a spirit of progress that has been productive of substantial results
and his worth to the community is widely acknowledged.

ELMER HURLEY SMITH, D. 0., M. D.

Associated with the professional interests of Hillsboro, Washington county, is Dr.
Elmer Hurley Smith, who serves his community as doctor of medicine and of osteopathy.
During the time Dr. Smith has practiced in Hillsboro he has won the confidence and
goodwill of his fellow citizens, with the result that he has a large and lucrative practice.

A native of Missouri is Dr. Smith, having been born in that state July 24, 1883.
His father. Dr. Lundy B. Smith, was also a native of Missouri but came west with his
family in the early 90's and settled in Oregon. Locating in Portland Dr. Smith prac-
ticed his profession for a quarter of a century and was widely recognized as one of
the leading physicians of that place. The mother of the subject of this review was
Miss Mary E. Bronson and was also a native of Missouri. Both the Smith and Bronson
families were from a line of old pioneer Ohio stock. In 1918 the mother died and the
father is now retired from active practice. He resides with his son and at times assists
him in his work.

Dr. E. H. Smith, the subject of this review, is indebted to the schools of Portland
for his early education. He later took up the study of medicine at the American School
of Osteopathy and was graduated from this institution in 1910, with the degree of D. 0.
He continued his studies in the Pacific Medical College at Los Angeles, where after
completing the desired course he received the degree of M. D. Having thus been thor-
oughly trained in two branches of his chosen profession. Dr. Smith established himself
at Hillsboro and has since practiced there. Following the advanced idea of his calling
he has used in his practice the curative knowledge of both schools, with the result that
he has obtained a substantial measure of success. Dr. Smith owns and conducts Hills-
boro's only hospital and while his practice is general he leans strongly to surgery, and
were he located in a larger city it is that branch in which he would specialize. He is
ever of an ambitious nature and hopes that the future may find him specializing as
a surgeon in one of our large cities.

In the desire for more knowledge and to keep abreast of the immense strides for-
ever taking place in his profession. Dr. Smith is a constant student and it is this close
application to his life work that has brought to him the success he now enjoys. His
ability as a physician may be well illustrated by the fact that for five years he held
the responsible oifice of city health ofTicer. In civic as well as professional affairs
Dr. Smith is progressive and there is no man more esteemed throughout Washington
county than he.

GEORGE J. WILHELM.

George J. Wilhelm is prominently operating in the field of banking at Harrisburg
as vice president and cashier of the First National Bank and is also identified with
other important business enterprises which have won him a place with the substantial
and prosperous men of his community. Mr. Wilhelm was born in St. Cloud, Wisconsin,

DR. ELMER H. SMITH

HISTORY OF OREGON 149

October 24, 1880, a son of George and Agnes (Andreas) Wilhelm, natives of Germany.
When but a year old the father was brought by his parents to America, the family
locating near Kiel, Wisconsin. There the grandfather of George J. Wilhelm took up
land, which he improved and developed, continuing its cultivation for a number of
years, when he sold it and in 1860 started on the long journey across the plains to
Oregon, making the trip with ox teams. Locating at Monroe, in Benton county, he
there purchased land, which he operated for some time and also assisted his son in
the conduct of a general merchandise business. He passed away in 1890, when eighty
years of age, and his wife's death occurred in 1889. The son, George Wilhelm, did not
accompany his parents on their removal to Oregon but remained in Wisconsin, where
for a time he followed farming, but ill health compelled him to abandon the arduous
task of developing his land and he turned his attention to the hotel business, in which
he engaged at St. Cloud and later at Sheboygan, Wisconsin, thus continuing until his
demise. He was a man of prominence in his community and at various times his
fellow townsmen sought to secure his services as a public official, but he declined all
nominations, preferring to give his undivided attention to his business affairs. He
passed away in April, 1900, and the mother's death occurred in August, 1898.

George J. Wilhelm attended the parochial schools of Sheboygan, Wisconsin, from
which he was graduated in 1S94. On starting out in the business world he secured
a position as clerk in a large hardware store at Sheboygan when but fourteen years
of age and remained with that firm for a period of six years, during which time his
capability and faithful and conscientious service won him various promotions until he
became assistant manager, being at that time a young man of twenty years. He next
became connected with the Aladdin Soap Company in the capacity of secretary-treasurer
and manager and under his direction the business was established upon a paying basis.
In 1902 he severed his connection with that firm and became traveling representative
for the B. J. Johnson Soap Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, remaining wuth that
house for a year. He then came west at the request of the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons,
whose headquarters were at Monroe, Oregon, and assumed charge of its entire grain
and milling business. This firm operated three flour mills and was the owner of four
warehouses and conducted an extensive business, turning out three carloads of flour
and feed per day. He remained with this firm until 1907, when he turned his atten-
tion to the banking business, conducting the Bank of Harrisburg, a private financial
institution, for a period of ten months, or until June, 1908, when the bank was national-
ized, becoming the First National Bank of Harrisburg. This he operated alone for a
year. The capital stock of Mr. Wilhelm's private bank was ten thousand dollars, which
was increased to twenty-five thousand dollars after its nationalization. During the
first year of its existence as a national institution it paid a seven per cent dividend, a
nine per cent dividend the second year, a dividend of ten per cent for the next three
years, twelve per cent for the succeeding four years, while in 1919 a sixteen per cent
dividend was paid, in addition to which it built up a twenty-five thousand dollar sur-
plus, its deposits reaching the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. It now
has a surplus of twenty-eight thousand one hundred and fourteen dollars and deposits
amounting to two hundred and seventy-one thousand, two hundred and sixteen dollars.
The present oflicers of the bank are. R. K. Burton, president; W. A. Lane, vice presi-
dent; George J. Wilhelm, vice president and cashier; and H. F. Halverson, assistant
cashier, all being thoroughly reliable and progressive business men of their section
of the state. Mr. Wilhelm personally attends to practically all of the business connected
therewith and is proving most capable in the conduct of its affairs, although he had
had no previous banking experience when he became connected with the institution.
He is a man of sound business principles and in the management of the First National
Bank has made it his first consideration to see to it that the depositors and stock-
holders are well protected. However, he has been progressive enough to extend credits
when they were sought by responsible parties and has in that way promoted business
and agricultural enterprises. Being a man of resourceful business ability he has
extended his efforts into various lines and is president of Hill & Company, which firm
carries a seventy thousand dollar stock of hardware, harness, implements, furniture,
carpets, rugs and general house furnishings, and also has the agency for automobiles,
recently erecting a fine garage at a cost of fifteen thousand dollars. At the time of its
organization the business of the firm amounted to eight thousand dollars per year
and the extent of Its growth is indicated in the fact that in 1919 its business amounted
to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, while its transactions for 1920 exceeded
that amount. Mr. Wilhelm was also the founder of the Harrisburg Warehouse &

150 HISTORY OF OREGOX

Lumber Company, which he established in 1912, and is now serving as its president.
The company is engaged in the conduct of a wholesale grain and hay business of
extensive proportions. He is likewise the founder of the Harrisburg Lumber & Manu-
facturing Company, which was organized in April, 1920, and is now serving as secre-
tary and treasurer of the company, which owns some of the finest and largest tracts
of hardwood timber in the state, including maple, ash, oak, fir and balm lumber. The
firm has established a new market for balm lumber with manufacturers, who hereto-
fore had not made use of this product, and their shipments are made principally to
Wisconsin. Mr. Wilhelm also has extensive farming interests in the vicinity, being
the owner of six farms which he engaged in operating until the past year, but now
rents his holdings. He was formerly extensively engaged in stock raising. Mr. Wil-
helm is a man of large affairs who is continually broadening the scope of his activities
with good results and carries forward to successful completion everything that he
undertakes, for in his vocabulary there is no such word as fail. In all business affairs
he readily discriminates between the essential and the non-essential and, discarding
the latter, utilizes the former to the best possible advantage.

On the 17th of April, 1907, Mr. Wilhelm was united in marriage to Miss Cecil
Rampy, a daughter of Robert A. and Sarah (Johnson) Rampy, who were pioneers of
this state, emigrating to Oregon from Missouri in 1860. They became residents of
Harrisburg, where for many years Mr. Rampy successfully conducted a drug store,
while later he operated a bank, gaining a prominent position among the substantial
business men of this section of the state. He continued to make his home in Harris-
burg until his demise, which occurred in 1908, while the mother passed away in 1907.
Mr. and Mrs. Wilhelm have become the parents of five children: George R., Agnes E.,
Marjorie C, Millard F. and Gretta C.

In his political views Mr. Wilhelm is independent and has taken an active interest
in public affairs of his community, serving for several terms as city treasurer. His
interest in the welfare and upbuilding of his city is indicated by his membership
in the Harrisburg Chamber of Commerce, and during the influenza epidemic of 1918
he was instrumental in curbing the disease by caring for the patients in the public
schools, which were used as hospitals, many cases being treated in this manner. In
religious faith he is a Catholic and his fraternal connections are with the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, the Modern Woodmen of
America, the Knights of Columbus and the United Artisans. He is a most patriotic
and public-spirited citizen and during the World war rendered valuable aid to the
government as chairman of Liberty Loan and Red Cross drives and also as chairman
of the Harrisburg Council of Defense. Mr. Wilhelm is a man of keen discrimination
and clear vision, possessing executive ability of an unusually high order, and his
achievements in a business way entitle him to classification with America's captains
of industry. He is wide-awake and alert and in his life exemplifies the spirit of progress
which has been the dominant factor in the upbuilding of this section of the country.

JUDGE HARRY H. BELT.

Judge Harry H. Belt, circuit judge of the twelfth judicial district, comprising
Yamhill and Polk counties, has the distinction of being the youngest judge elected to
the circuit court bench in the state. He is one of Oregon's native sons, for his birth
occurred at Salem, November 24, 18S3, his parents being John D. and Nellie (Hackle-
man) Belt, the former born in Missouri and the latter in Oregon. In 1S53 the father
accompanied his parents on their journey across the plains with ox teams. The
family located at Salem, where the grandfather took up land and cleared and developed
it, placing many improvements on his property. He was also a physician and in addi-
tion to cultivating his farm practiced his profession at Salem, continuing active alorig
those lines during the balance of his life. His son, John D. Belt, on starting out in
the business world engaged in the drug business, becoming proprietor of a store at
Salem and later conducting an establishment of that character in Dallas. In the man-
agement of his business interests he won a substantial measure of success and is now
living retired at Forest Grove, Oregon. The mother also survives and they are highly
esteemed residents of their community. He is a democrat in his political views and
strictly adheres to the principles of that party, steadfastly supporting its measures
and candidates.

HISTORY OF OREGON 151

Harry H. Belt attended the public schools of Dallas and later became a student
at the State Normal school at Monmouth, Oregon, from which he was graduated with
the class of 1903. Subsequently he taught school for three years in Yamhill county,
and so excellent was his record as an educator that he was called to the ofiice of super-
intendent of schools of Yamhill county, which office he capably filled for three years,
when he resigned in order to devote his entire attention to the study of law. While
teaching he had devoted his leisure hours to mastering the principles of jurisprudence,
his uncle, Judge George H. Burnett, now serving as judge of the supreme court of
Oregon, being his instructor. In 1906 he was admitted to the bar and then entered
the office of Oscar Hayter, a prominent attorney of Dallas. While well grounded in
the principles of common law when admitted to the bar, he has continued through
the whole of his professional lite a diligent student of those elementary principles which
constitute the basis of all legal science and this knowledge has served him well in many
a legal battle before the court. Judge Belt's ability as a lawyer soon won recognition
and he was called to the office of circuit judge of the twelfth judicial district, being
at the time of his election the youngest judge chosen to that office in the state, the
territory over which he originally had jurisdiction comprising Yamhill, Polk and
Tillamook counties. The last named county, however, is not now included within the
boundaries of the twelfth judicial circuit, which comprises Polk and Yamhill counties.
At the close of his six years' term Judge Belt was reelected without opposition and
is now the incumbent in the office. He has made a record over which there falls no
shadow of wrong nor suspicion of evil and his native sense of justice as well as his
knowledge of the law have made him an able presiding officer over the tribunal of
which he has charge. His decisions indicate strong mentality and careful analysis,
his ability being based upon a finely balanced mind and splendid intellectual attain-
ments.

On the 3d of July, 1907, Judge Belt was united in marriage to Miss Martha Pald-
anius and they have become the parents of two children, George L. and Myra, who are
attending school. Mrs. Belt is a member of the Church of Christ, Scientist. In his
political views the Judge is a republican and a stalwart supporter of party principles.
Fraternally he Is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, exemplifying
in his life the beneficent spirit underlying these orders. He possesses a high sense
of duty and honor and never swerves from the course which his conscience dictates
as right. He has a wide acquaintance in this section of the state and the sterling
traits of his character have established him high in public regard.

H. HIRSCHBERG.

H. Hirschberg, president of the Independence National Bank, at Independence,
Oregon, is bending his energies to administrative direction and executive control, and
actuated at all times by a spirit of unfaltering enterprise, has contributed in large
measure to the success of the institution, which is one of the old and substantial banks
of the county. He never sacrifices high standards to commercialism and his record is
proof of the fact that success and an honored name may be won simultaneously. Mr.
Hirschberg was born in Germany, November 26, 1853, and is a son of Hyman and Sarah
Hirschberg, who were also natives of that country and there spent their entire lives.
The father engaged in merchandising and both parents passed away in 1873, dying
within six months of each other.

Their son. H. Hirschberg, was reared and educated in his native land and there
learned the tinner's trade, which he followed in Germany until 1870, when he sought
the opportunities offered in America to an enterprising and energetic young man and
crossed the Atlantic, landing in New York city, where he worked at his trade and
also followed other occupations until 1872. In that year he came to the west, arriving
in Portland, Oregon, in April and remaining in that city until the 12th of August, when
he removed to Independence, establishing the first tin shop in the town. This he con-
ducted for two years and then engaged in general merchandising in connection with his
brother, an association that was maintained until 1886, when they disposed of their
interests and H. Hirschberg entered banking circles, establishing a private bank, which
he conducted until January 7, 1889. He then organized the Independence National
Bank, of which he has since served as president, with C. A. McLaughlin as the vice

ir.2 HISTORY OF OREGON

president and Ira D. Mix as cashier. The bank Is capitalized for fifty thousand dollars,
has a surplus of fifteen thousand dollars and deposits amounting to four hundred thou-
sand dollars. In 1890 Mr. Hirschberg erected a modern bank and office building which
the bank has since occupied. The equipment is thoroughly modern and everything
is done to safeguard and protect the interests of depositors. Moreover, the business
of the bank is conducted along lines which constitute an even balance between conserva-
tive measures and progressiveness and at the same time the policy of the bank extends
to its patrons every possible assistance commensurate with the safety of the institu-
tion. Mr. Hirschberg is a man of splendid executive ability and his administrative
direction and enterprising spirit have been important elements in the successful conduct
of the institution. On first coming to this county he invested in farm land and has
since added to his original possessions, now owning fifteen hundred acres in one body,
in addition to other farm property in the county. He is extensively interested in the
growing of hops and in 1920 raised from three hundred and fifty acres, a crop valued at
one hundred and eighty-three thousand, seven hundred and twenty-eight dollars. He
has seventeen hop houses on his land and all modern equipment necessary for the
proper production of hops and in this enterprise he is associated with Mr. McLaughlin,
the work being done on shares. He has also become the owner of business and resi-
dence property in Independence and Portland, as well as in other parts of the state,
and is extensively interested in timber lands in Benton county, owning sixteen hundred
and eighty acres, which contain eighty million feet of yellow fir. He is likewise the
owner of forty-eight thousand acres of land in the state of Sonora, Mexico, and he is
one of the most extensive land holders in Oregon. He is a keen and intelligent busi-
ness man with a rapid grasp of details and a shrewd discrimination in investment and
whatever he undertakes he carries forward to a successful termination.

In his political views Mr. Hirschberg is independent, voting for the man whom he
regards as best qualified for office, regardless of party affiliation. He is not affiliated
with any church but contributes liberally to the support of all denominations. For
the past twenty years he has been state treasurer of the State Grange, and fraternally
is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, the Rebekahs,
the Eastern Star and the Masons, belonging to the Scottish Rite Consistory and to the
Shrine in the last named organization. In the control of his business interests he dis-
plays marked ability and energy, regarding no detail as too unimportant to receive
his attention, and at the same time controlling the larger factors in his interests with
notable assurance and power. His initiative spirit and notable ability have carried
him into important relations and his activities have constituted an important element
in the general development and upbuilding of this section of the state. For fifty years
he has been a resident of Polk county and is widely and favorably known in the locality
in which he makes his home, being recognized as a progressive business man and a
public-spirited citizen, loyal to the best interests of the community.

W. H. BEHARRELL.

W. H. Beharrell, manager of Heywood Brothers and Wakefield Company, has been
identified with Portland's industries for many years, and has been twenty-six years
with the firm he now represents. He was born in New Albany, Indiana, March 2, 1854,
and is the son of Henry and Sarah J. (Daniel) Beharrell. The former was a native
of England, while his mother was born in Indiana and is now living in Portland at
the age of ninety-three. His father died in Portland at the age of seventy-seven. He
was in the implement business while in Indiana but following his removal to Portland
in 1878 lived a retired life, free from business cares.

W. H. Beharrell preceded his parents to the Pacific Coast, first making his home
in San Jose, California, where he then entered the employ of James A. Clayton, a real
estate dealer of that thriving city. In April, 1874, he came to Portland which was then
but a village. After a year spent in various pursuits, among them working as a
longshoreman, he went into the storage and wharfage business. After a limited time
he accepted a position with the Oregon Furniture Manufacturing Company, one of the
pioneer industries in that line, later rising to the position of president of that com-
pany, from which he retired to accept the position he now holds.

The Heywood Brothers and Wakefield Company are the largest chair manufacturers

HISTORY OF ORECiOX 153

in the world, having headquarters at Boston, Massachusetts. They have recently pur-
chased the plant of the Oregon Chair Company. They are large employers of labor,
having at Portland in their combined establishments a large force of skilled mechanics.
From this plant they supply the states of California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Mon-
tana, Alaska and British Columbia.

On January 15, 1S76, Mr. Beharrell was married to Miss Eliza Richards, a native
of Penzance, England, who came to America with her parents in 1872. To this union
have been born six children, four of whom are living.

His connection with one of Portland's largest institutions entitles him to recogni-
tion, when considering the growth of Portland, her industries, or any historical chron-
icle of the early citizens of the Oregon country.

JOS. F. WESELY.

A man of keen business discernment and sound judgment, Jos. P. Wesely has
made for himself a creditable place in business circles of Scio as the proprietor of a
well appointed mercantile establishment, and for the past five years he has also acted
as local express agent. He was born in New York City, New York, June 20, 1873, a
son of John and Frances (Young) Wesely, natives of Bohemia. The father was a
marble cutter by trade and in 1870 he emigrated to the United States, thinking to find
better business opportunities in this country. For three years he resided in the eastern
metropolis and then removed to the middle west, establishing his home in Milwaukee,
Wisconsin. At the end of three years he left that state and in 1877 went to Kansas,
where he took up a timber claim of one hundred and sixty acres. He cleared and
developed his land, continuing its operation for many years, and it was there that he
passed away in 1904 at the age of fifty-three years. The mother, however, survives
and now resides in Scio. She reared a family of fifteen children, of whom five sons
and five daughters are living.

Jos. F. Wesely pursued his early education in the district schools of Kansas, his
first lessons being received in a sod house, while subsequently he was graduated from
the Ellsworth schools. In order to secure the money for his academic course he clerked
for two years in a grocery store and then entered the normal school at Salina, Kansas,
where he pursued a preparatory course in business and a course in teaching. He
also entered upon the work of the scientific course, which, however, he was obliged
to discontinue, owing to ill health. Subsequently he engaged in teaching in the district
where he had attended school, remaining a teacher in that locality for a period of
seven years. Mr. Wesely is a well educated man of marked linguistic ability, convers-
ing fluently in tlie Bohemian, German and English languages, and as an educator
he was very successful, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he
had acquired. In the year 1898, in company with his uncles, he came to Oregon and
for a year was in their employ. He then became connected with the flax industry
at Scio, remaining for a year, after which he went to Salem, where he also followed
that line of work for a year. Returning to Scio, he engaged in general merchandising
in partnership with his brother, John Wesely, an association that was maintained for
four years, when the business was divided, Mr. Wesely's brother becoming the owner
of the stock of dry goods, while Mr. Wesely took over the grocery establishment, which
he has since conducted. He is very careful in the selection of his goods and his known
reliability, enterprising methods, reasonable prices and courteous treatment of patrons
have secured for him a large patronage. For the past five years he has also acted as
local express agent and he likewise has farming interests, owning and operating a
tract of fourteen acres just outside the city limits. The land is rich and productive
and from its cultivation he is deriving a substantial addition to his income. He is
an energetic and farsighted business man and in the conduct of his varied interests
he is meeting with most gratifying success.

On the 30th of June, 190S, Mr. Wesely was united in marriage to Miss Rose L.
Sticha and they have become the parents of four children, namely: Maximilian, aged
eleven years: Frances R., who is nine years of age; Angeline, aged two; and Stanley,
who died in April, 1913, at the age of seven months.

In his political views Mr. Wesely is independent, voting for the candidate whom
he deems best fitted for oflice without regard to party affiliation. He has taken a
prominent part in the public affairs of his community and for five years has served

VA HISTORY OF OREGON

as city treasurer, while for tliirteen years he acted as school clerk, the cause of public
education ever receiving his stalwart support. His fraternal connections are with the
Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows. Mr. Wesely has led a busy, active and useful life, employing every oppor-
tunity to advance, and he deserves much credit for what he has accomplished, for he
started out in life empty-handed and his present prosperity is the direct outcome of
persistency of purpose and undaunted energy. He is a public-spirited and progressive
citizen, whose sterling worth has won for him the high regard of all who know him.

HON. JAMES KNOX WEATHERFORD.

Hon. James Knox Weatherford, a distinguished member of the Oregon bar prac-
ticing at Albany, was born in Putnam county, Missouri, in March, 1S50, his parents
being Alfred H. and Sophia (Smith) Weatherford, the former a native of Virginia and
the latter of Ohio. In an early day the father removed to Illinois, in which state
his marriage occurred, and shortly afterward he went with his bride to Missouri, pur-
chasing land in Putnam county. This he improved and developed and he was later
called to public office when Putnam county was organized as a separate county. He
was appointed by the governor as the first county judge and at the next general election
was elected clerk of the county, which position he held until his death in 1856. He
was a man highly respected in this community. The mother's death occurred in 1862.

James K. Weatherford was reared and educated in his native county to the age
of thirteen years and in 1864 started for Oregon in company with a Mr. Morgan, a
friend of his father. For a time Mr. Weatherford engaged in driving ox teams in
eastern Oregon and then secured employment in a woolen mill at Brownsville, in Linn
county, where he remained until the mill was destroyed by fire in 1865. He then
returned to the eastern part of the state and resumed his former occupation of driving
oxen, being thus engaged until the fall of 1865, when he again became an employe
in the woolen mills, working under Tom Kay. He continued to work in the mills
for three years and in 1868 went to Corvallis, Oregon, where he enrolled as a student
in the Oregon Agricultural College, from which he won his A. B. degree upon gradua-
tion with the class of 1872. While attending college he resided in a small dwelling
which he had erected at a cost of seventy-five dollars and in order to defray the ex-
penses of his tuition he worked in the harvest fields during vacation periods, but
was still eight hundred dollars in debt at the time of his graduation. For six months
he engaged in teaching school and in 1874 he was elected county school superintendent,
occupying that position for two years, during which time he bestowed certificates
upon many who later were numbered with Oregon's most prominent men. among whom
were United States Senators George E. Chamberlain and C. W. Fulton. In the mean-
time Mr. Weatherford had engaged in the study of law and in September, 1876, he
was admitted to the bar. He opened an oflSce in Albany and during the intervening
period of forty-five years has here continued in practice, having associated with him
as partners at various times such distinguished members of the profession as Judge
W. C. Piper, D. R. Blackburn, ex-attorntey general of Oregon; United States Senator
George E. Chamberlain, Ex-Senator O. P. Coshow of Roseburg, J. Fred Abates, county
judge of Benton county, Oregon; Gale S. Hill, ex-district attorney of Linn county;
R. C. Cooley of Enterprise and A. K. McMahan of Albany, and J. R. Wyatt, who is
his present partner and Mark V. Weatherford, also a member of the firm. Mr. Weather-
ford of this review has specialized in the practice of criminal law, in which he has
been very successful, having won a state-wide reputation. He is an adept trial lawyer
and has probably defended more men held for murder than any other attorney in the
state. He is the possessor of the largest private law library in the Willamette valley,
if not in the state, which is of invaluable assistance to him in his legal work. Mr.
Weatherford is also the owner of extensive realty holdings. He owns the store and
office building in which his office is located, also his fine residence at No. 505 Mont-
gomery street, and several of the large business blocks of the city, including the Rolfe
Theater building. He likewise has large farming interests in Linn county and timber
holdings in Lincoln county and for a number of years has been associated with the
woolen mills at Salem, his activities thus covering a broad scope.

Mr. Weatherford gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and in
1876 he was elected to represent his district in the state legislature, where he served

HON. JAMES K. WEATHERFORD

HISTORY OF OREGON 157

for two years and was then made speaker of the house. He likewise served for
three terms as state senator, was the nominee for secretary of state and twice ran for
congress but was defeated. In 18S5 Mr. Weatherford was appointed a member of the
board of regents of the Oregon Agricultural College and for the past twenty years
has been its president. At the time of his graduation the college consisted of but
one small wooden building, but as a member of the building committee he has been
influential in securing the erection of a number of fine buildings. He has ever been
much interested in the cause of public education and for over forty years has served
on the Albany school board, doing everything in his power to advance the standards
of the schools. For one term he also was mayor of Albany, giving to the city a
businesslike and progressive administration. He is prominent in fraternal circles,
being a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand master. He is likewise identified
with the Masonic order, holding membership in the lodge, chapter, commandery and
shrine, and he also is connected with the Eastern Star. During the war with Ger-
many he gave indisputable proof of his patriotism and devotion to his country.

In February, 1877, Mr. Weatherford was united in marriage to Annette Cottle,
at that time a resident of San Jose, California, but a native of Linn county, Oregon.
They have two children: Realto L., who resides at Corvallis and is operating his
father's farm at Harrisburg; and Alfred B., who is connected with the internal revenue
office at Portland.

JOHN W. OGILBEE.

A notably successful career is that of John W. Ogilbee, who since 1883 has been
engaged in the real estate business in Portland, while for a period of twenty-seven years
he has occupied his present offices in the Hegele building. He has an intimate know-
ledge of the worth of all real estate in his locality and is considered an expert in
placing valuations upon property. A native of Ohio, Mr. Ogilbee was born in Belmont
county in 1846, a son of Robert and Mary Ann (Stonebreaker) Ogilbee, the former born
in the north of Ireland of Scotch-Irish parentage, while the later was of Pennsylvania
Dutch descent. In 1849 the family removed to Iowa, where the father followed farm-
ing and John W. Ogilbee was reared on a farm, acquiring a common school education.
On entering the business world he became clerk in a store and was thus employed
until 1871, when he removed to Oregon, taking up his residence in Portland. He first
secured a situation in a grocery store at the corner of First and Madison streets, con-
ducted by S. A. Stansbury, one of the pioneer merchants of the city. Through the
exercise of industry and economy he at length accumulated suflScient capital to engage
in business independently and in 1878 established an enterprise which he conducted
for a few years and then sold, removing to The Dalles, where for three years he operated
a grocery store. In 1883 he returned to Portland and entered real estate circles, and
has continued in that line of activity, having occupied his present quarters in the Hegele
building for twenty-seven years. He is regarded as one of the most enterprising and
reliable real estate operators in the city, being now accorded a large patronage. He
has negotiated many important realty transfers, operating largely in the Sellwood dis-
trict, and through his activity in this field has contributed in marked measure to the
development and upbuilding of the city. He is a man of strict integrity and in busi-
ness matters his judgment has ever been found to be sound and reliable.

In 1868, while a resident of Iowa, Mr. Ogilbee was united in marriage to Miss
Agnes E. Laubach, whose father. Rev. Abram Laubach, devoted his life to the ministry
as a representative of the Methodist denomination. In 1871 he was sent as a missionary
to Port Townsend, Washington and in his later years engaged in publishing the Christian
Advocate in partnership with Isaac Dillon, the plant being located in Portland. He
was untiring in his labors in behalf of the church and his efforts met with well
deserved success. Mrs. Ogilbee was born in Virginia and reared in Ohio and by her
marriage she has become the mother of three sons; W. Earl, J. Ray and Paul A.

As one of the few surviving veterans of the Civil war Mr. Ogilbee is deserving of
the highest honor and respect. At the outbreak of hostilities between the north and
south he was residing in southern Iowa and there engaged in guerrilla warfare before
enlisting with the Forty-fifth Iowa Infantry, with which command he served under
General Grant and Sherman until the close of the war, when he received his honorable

]:,S HISTORY OF OREGON

discharge. In 1883 he became one of the organizers of Sumner Post, No. 12, G. A. R.,
and is one of the four surviving charter members of the organization. During the second
year of its existence he served as senior vice commander and since has occupied the post
of quartermaster, while he is now serving as adjutant, having filled the latter office
for the past twenty years. He has never missed a meeting of his post except during
his absence from the city and has been selected as a delegate to the national encamp-
ment of the Grand Army of the Republic to be held in Indianapolis in 1921. For his
military service Mr. Ogilbee is receiving a pension from the government and he has
devoted much of his time to assisting other Civil war veterans in obtaining a govern-
ment allowance. Since April, 1868, he has been a member of the Masonic order, whose
teachings he exemplifies in his daily life, and for the past thirty-five years he has
served as a notary public. He resides at No. 595 Tolman avenue, in the Sellwood
district, occupying a large modern residence, and is well and favorably known in the
community where he has so long resided. His has been a life of diligence and determi-
nation, and success in substantial measure has come to reward his labors. He is a
reliable and progressive business man, a loyal and patriotic citizen, and his many com-
mendable traits of character have established him in an enviable position among his
fellow townsmen.

ALBERT THEODORE PETERSON.

Albert Theodore Peterson is a progressive and enterprising merchant of Toledo,
whose initiative spirit and notable ability have carried him into important relations.
His business activity has ever balanced up with the principles of truth and honor and
in all of his work he has never sacrificed the high standards which he has set up for
himself. There is no feature of public life having to do with the welfare and progress
of the community in which he is not deeply interested and his progressiveness has been
a potent element in its continued development and upbuilding.

Mr. Peterson was born in Henry county, Illinois, October 23, 1859, and is a son
of S. G. and Louisa (Johnson) Peterson, natives of Sweden, who emigrated to the United
States in 1840, taking up their residence in Chicago when that city had a population of
but eight hundred. The father subsequently went to Henry county, Illinois, where he
purchased land, to the cultivation of which he devoted the remainder of his life. He
passed away at the age of sixty-one years and the mother's demise also occurred in
Henry county. They became the parents of eight children, of whom seven survive, one
son passing away in Iowa in 1918.

Albert T. Peterson was reared in Henry county, Illinois, and in the district schools
pursued his education. He remained at home until he attained his majority and then
engaged in farming independently in that state until 1887, when he made his way to
Oregon, settling in Albany, Linn county, where for about two years he followed the car-
penter's trade. Thinking that sea air would prove beneficial to himself and wife, he
removed to Toledo in 1889 and was so favorably impressed with conditions in this section
of the state that he decided to make it his permanent home. He first engaged in busi-
ness here as proprietor of a meat market, which he conducted for a year, and was
then variously employed until 1893, when he commenced dealing in cascara bark, which
he shipped to foreign and domestic ports through the agency of J. F. Ulrich of San
Francisco. He conducted his operations along that line on an extensive scale, handling
in one year alone two hundred tons, and he is still engaged in its sale, being the only
merchant in Toledo who deals in that commodity. In 1901 he went to Chitwood, where
he purchased a general store, which he later sold and in 1902 opened a hardware and
plumbing establishment in Toledo, which he has since conducted with good success.
His is the only hardware business in the town and his large and carefully selected
stock, his progressive and reliable business methods and his courteous treatment of
patrons have secured for him a large trade. He also handles sash, doors and blinds as
well as all kinds of agricultural implements and tools. In 1916 he became local agent
for the Ford cars and two years later erected a large garage and hotel building which
is modern in every respect. He is also the owner of a large store building and in the
spring of 1921 he erected a three-story structure of brick adjoining his garage, which
is used for hotel purposes and also for his hardware business. He is the owner of
considerable property in Toledo and Lincoln county, including one hundred and twenty
building lots in the town, and he has also engaged in the cattle business to some

HISTORY OF OREGON 159

extent. He is likewise well known in financial circles of his section as the president,
and one the organizers and a stockholder and director of the First National Bank of
Toledo, located in its modern two-story bank building, the upper floor being devoted
to offices, while the lower floor is utilized for banking purposes. The bank is capitalized
for twenty-five thousand dollars. His activities are thus broad and varied, showing him
to be a man of excellent administrative ability and keen business discernment, and
whatever he undertakes he carries forward to successful completion, for in his vocabulary
there is no such word as fail.

On the 10th of March, 1885, Mr. Peterson was united in marriage to Miss Eva I.
Hall, a native of Galva, Illinois, and a daughter of George R. and Margaret A. (Hadsall)
Hall. Her parents came to Oregon in 1889, settling in Benton county, where the father
purchased a farm, which he engaged in cultivating for many years, but is now living
retired at Alpine, Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Peterson have two sons, W. E. and John A.,
who for some years were employed as telegraph operators, the latter being connected
with the Western Union at Portland. They are now assisting their father in the conduct
of his hardware business and are alert, wide-awake and enterprising young business
men. Both are married.

In his political views Mr. Peterson is a republican and is now filling the office of
commissioner of the port of Toledo, while for about five terms he has served as a
member of the city council, in which capacities his work has been of great value to
the municipality. He stands for all that means progress and improvement to the
individual and to the community and has aided in promoting many plans and projects
for the public good, being recognized as a most unselfish and public-spirited citizen.
He was instrumental in securing tor Toledo the new station of the Corvallis & Eastern
Railroad and was one of the active promoters of the Lincoln County Court House,
bringing that project through to a successful termination after it had been practically
abandoned. He worked most energetically in its behalf and at the end of three months
had succeeded in securing suflicient funds to cover the erection of the building. The
depot, which is a substantial brick structure, was erected by the citizens of Toledo, Mr.
Peterson's subscription to the fund being exceptionally large. He was also instrumental
in securing for the city the government spruce mill, the municipality donating the
factory site and also a twenty-five year water right. He also succeeded in inducing
the Fisher-Story Company to locate here, selling them the site on which their mill is
now being erected, and his services have been of great value in promoting the up-
building and development of his city. In religious faith he is an Episcopalian and
his fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the
Woodmen of the World. He is a patriotic and loyal American and during the World
war rendered valuable service to the government, actively promoting all local drives
and campaigns. The activity of Mr. Peterson in relation to the public welfare has been
of wide scope and ho man has done more to further the interests and upbuilding of
the town. What he has accomplished represents the fit utilization of his time, talents
and opportunities and the most envious cannot grudge him his success, so worthily
has it been won, so well used. His life in every relation has measured up to the
highest standards and he stands as a splendid example of American manhood and
chivalry.

E. A. BENNET.

One of the leading business enterprises of Salem is the Capital City Nu,rsery Com-
pany, of which E. A Bennet is president and manager. He has been identified with
this business for the past sixteen years and is proving energetic, farsighted and efl5cient
in the conduct of the extensive interests of which he is the head. Under his manage-
ment the business of the company has steadily grown, its trade now covering a wide
territory. Mr. Bennet is a native of Illinois. He was born in Tremont, Tazewell
county, June 22, 1864, a son of Jesse E. and Lydia (Johnson) Bennet. The father
followed the occupation of farming in Illinois and in March, 1SS2, he removed with
his family to Oregon, becoming identified with the Oregon State Agricultural Society,
but for a few years preceding his death in 1906 he lived practically retired. His wife
passed away in 1909. They had a family of two children: E. A., of this review: and
Lulie May, who is the wife of R. V. Jones, president of a large shipbuilding company
at Vancouver, Washington.

160 HISTORY OF OREGON

In the pursuit of his education E. A. Bennet devoted considerable attention to
the study of the classics and he also pursued a commercial course at Willamette Uni-
versity. In 1887 he left the university and began teaching, his first school being at
Mount Angel, after which he followed the profession successively at Newport, Sublimity
and Stayton, Oregon, and at La Center, Washington. He then entered the mercantile
field in which he continued active for thirteen year.s before forming his present asso-
ciation with the Capital City Nursery Company of Salem. He has been identified with
this concern for the past sixteen years and as president and manager of the company
he is at the head of important and extensive business interests, their trade now reach-
ing to Idaho, Montana and Nebraska. They carry a full line of fruit and ornamental
trees and shrubbery and employ from fifty to seventy-five salesmen. Mr. Bennet main-
tains his office in his attractive home at No. 1030 Chemeketa street and is proving most
capable in directing the interests of the firm. He gives careful oversight to all phases
of the business and is constantly endeavoring to extend the trade of the company to
new territory, so that his services have become very valuable to the concern.

In 1S82 occurred the marriage of E. A. Bennet and Miss Esther Reed of Washing-
ton, and they have become the parents of three children: Lidia Theodosia is a teacher
in the Jefferson high school at Portland. She married Charles B. Martin, an architect
of that city, and they live in their pleasant modern home at Evergreen Station, Clack-
amas county, Oregon; Dr. N. Paul Bennet is a prominent dentist of Seattle, Washington.
He is associated in practice with Dr. Olseu and they maintain offices on Ballard street
in that city; the youngest member of the family Is Gordon, who is now twelve years
of age.

Mr. Bennet's religious faith is Indicated by his membership in the Christian church
of Salem, in the work of which he takes an active and helpful interest, serving as an
elder therein. He is a reliable and progressive business man and citizen and his
many commendable traits of character have established him in an enviable position
among his fellow townsmen.

HORACE SEELY BUTTERFIELD.

Horace Seely Butterfield was an honored pioneer of the northwest who won promi-
nence as an inventor and merchant, his activities along the latter line contributing in
substantial measure to the growth of Portland, while as an inventor he made valuable
contributions to the world's work. He was born in Hokah, Minnesota, August 16, 1860,
a son of Hiram and Levisa Ann (Self ridge) Butterfield, the former a native of Albany,
New York, while the latter was of English parentage.

Horace S. Butterfield was a youth of fifteen years when in 1875 he came to Oregon
in company with his father, his mother having previously passed away in Minnesota.
He had acquired his education in the schools of his native state and with his father
came to the northwest, the family home being established at Eugene. The father there
engaged in farming but passed away about a year after reaching Oregon. Horace S.
Butterfield became an apprentice to H. N. Crane, a jeweler of Eugene, and in 1878
removed to Portland, where he entered the employ of John A. Beck, a prominent jeweler.
He thoroughly acquainted himself with every phase of the business and in 1880 the firm
of Butterfield Brothers was organized by Horace S. and A. E. Butterfield, who opened
the first exclusive wholesale jewelry and optical goods store established on the Pacific
coast. For twenty-five years the firm conducted business at First and Morrison streets
and afterwg,rd removed to Third and Morrison, occupying space in the Mohawk building.
Not only did Mr. Butterfield attain skill in jewelry manufacturing and repairing and
win substantial success as a jewelry merchant, but he also made valuable contribution
to the science of navigation through his inventions. In 1912 he brought forth an inven-
tion known as the Butterfield azimuth chronometer, the value of which met with instant
recognition. It was designed to show automatically the momentary azimuths, or bear-
ings of the sun and other celestial objects under observation, continually through the
day, night and year, eliminating the use of azimuth tables and all mathematical cal-
culations incident to navigation, geodetic and magnetic problems. Under date of July
19, 1913, the Scientific American Supplement said: "Readers of the Scientific American
Supplement this week have the privilege of examining the first published description
of an invention which is remarkable for being fundamentally new, both in regard to
the results secured by its use and to the mechanism Involved, as it is the only thing

^^?^-^23 , ^^2^^-<fcttr.-,,Z-<^-^^

HISTORY OF OREGON 163

of its kind and is capable of securing, automatically and immediately, results which
have hitherto been obtained only through long and difficult mental labor. This inven-
tion, or discovery, conceived by Horace S. Butterfield, of Portland, Oregon, has been
embodied, with the assistance of Olof Ohlson, in a scientific instrument which is called
the Butterfield azimuth chronometer. The value of the instrument will be at once
apparent to navigators particularly and also to surveyors and others who have occasion
to determine terrestrial positions and directions from astronomical observations, when
it is realized that by its use the following determinations may be made instantly and
automatically, without calculation or reference to tables and with great accuracy. The
position of a ship at sea may be found or the latitude and longitude of any spot on
the surface of the earth determined. The true directions may be determined independ-
ent of the compass and compass errors detected and corrected. Local time may be
accurately determined. These determinations may be made at any hour of the day
or night when the sun or a known star is visible, even though the period of visibility
is very short. Anyone who has even the most elementary knowledge of navigation, or
who has ever tried to work out the position of a ship from the usual observations,
or who has known the anxiety caused by the uncertainties of the magnetic compass, will
understand the inestimable benefit which such an instrument, which saves the time
and mental labor, and above all, eliminates the liability of error involved in these deter-
minations, must be.

"The need of an instrument of some sort for simplifying the processes of applying
astronomical observations correctly to the uses of navigation became apparent to Mr.
Butterfield through information obtained on shipboard, when he became deeply im-
pressed by the facts, well known to all navigators, that an immense amount of time
and labor is required to take observations of the sun and stars and work out the
position of the ship from these observations, and that errors are liable to occur at all
stages of the calculations; that long periods of time frequently elapse in cloudy weather
when observations at noon and at the other usual fixed times cannot be taken, and that
brief intervals of clearing at other times, when the sun is visible for a few moments,
cannot conveniently be made use of for taking observations, and above all, that mag-
netic compasses are far from reliable, and that the adjustment of their errors is a
tedious proceeding and one of constantly recurring necessity.

"The same need has also been given official recognition by the United States navy
department. In a circular letter of February 26, 1912, from the acting secretary to
all the officers of the navy, attention was called to the fact that the science of nautical
astronomy has not advanced as rapidly as other sciences in recent years and that the
department was desirous of developing new nautical instruments and new ways of
using instruments and principles already available so as to increase the accuracy and
ease of determining positions at sea from observations of heavenly bodies; and the
officers were urged and encouraged to bring all available new ideas and information
relating to new instruments and methods to the attention of the department.

"The methods heretofore necessary and now generally practiced for determining com-
pass errors and adjusting compasses and for determining the position of the observer
on the earth's surface by astronomical observations, involve a cumbersome series of
observations by the aid of different instruments and complicated calculations, including
the solution of a spherical triangle, with reference to numerous tables of constant and
variable values. Even certain recently devised methods of simplified navigation, by
which more or less close approximations of the true position at sea are obtained, in-
volve a considerable amount of calculation and reference to tables. The use of the But-
terfield instrument greatly simplifies the use of the observations to be taken for these
purposes and wholly eliminates all calculations, securing results fully as accurate as
can be obtained by the most careful observations with the best instruments correctly
worked up, and much more accurate than are usually obtained by navigators.

"The salient features of the instrument are, sighting vanes mounted to rotate
horizontally on ball bearings in the center of a pelorous plate (which is itself adjustable
about the same axis), a timepiece furnished with the usual hands, and a transmission
mechanism through which motion is imparted from the timepiece to the sighting vanes
at a variable rate, corresponding at each instant to the momentary rate of change in
the ben ring of the sun or other heavenly body.

"The Butterfield instrument may also be incorporated with the gyroscopic com-
pass, as a synchronized repeater, to give the longitude instantly by direct reading,
and may be used individually with the gyro, for quick orientation at the starting of
the compass. As the gyro can be depended on always to show the true meridian, longi-

164 HISTORY OF OREGON

tude is determined when the azimuth chronometer is used as a gyro repeater, by direct-
ing the sight vanes toward the sun by manipulation of the timepiece, when the time-
piece will indicate local apparent time, which may be readily turned into longitude.
It may also be used in the same way as an ordinary pelorous or azimuth instrument
for taking observations on chartered objects. The same reasons which make the instru-
ment useful to the navigator, make it equally useful to the surveyor and the engineer
in establishing the meridian line and running a course.

"All that has been said above with regard to taking sights on the sun applies to
observations on the stars, to obtain the same results at night, provided the star selected
for observation has a declination not greater than the maximum declination of the sun
and the timepiece is regulated tor sidereal time. All declinations within that of the
sun are taken care of by adjustments of the declination gear.

"The instrument is adapted to be used also as a precision sundial, but for this
purpose the clock movement is not necessary. The hand-setting mechanism is retained
and is used to bring the sighting vanes into bearing with the sun, thus automatically
setting the clock hands to show local time. A cam designed to correct for the equa-
tion of time will be used with the precision sundial to cause the clock hands to show
local mean time at any instant."

In 1S87 was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Butterfleld and Miss Genevieve New-
man, a daughter of Thomas and Anna (Roddy) Newman, and to Uiem was born a
daughter, Genevieve. Thomas Newman was a native of England, while his wife was
a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and came of Quaker ancestry. They were
married in San Francisco in 1854 and in the same year removed to Salem, Oregon.
Mr. Newman was a prominent figure in this state in the early days of its development
and progress. He crossed the plains with the Joe Meeks party in 1852. During
the plight of the Brother Jonathan, which was wrecked off the California coast, Mr.
Newman was one of the few passengers to help save the vessel after it was given up
by the officers. He was a prominent figure in the Indian wars of 1861 and 1882, aid-
ing in fighting the Nez Perce Indians and other tribes that went upon the warpath.
In the early '80s he and his family removed to Vancouver, Washington, where he
remained until 1886, when he came to Portland. In 1887 his wife passed away and in
later years Mr. Newman resided in California, his death occurring at Santa Cruz, that
state, April 15, 1914, when he had reached the advanced age of eighty-five years. For
six decades he had been a valued and exemplary representative of the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, his membership being in Good Samaritan Lodge of Portland.
He made valuable contribution to the state during its pioneer era and was a man
respected and honored wherever known.

Mr. Butterfleld never aspired to office, yet was many times requested to become a
candidate for official position. He was quiet and unassuming in manner, loved out-
door life and sports and was a well known angler and hunter. He was also the owner
of a fine apple orchard in the Hood River valley and there he spent his vacations,
finding the development of his apple orchard next in interest to his creative labors
in the field of science. Mr. Butterfleld was a charter member of Company K, Oregon
National Guard, which was organized in 1886 and was composed of Oregon's most
prominent men, many of whom became captains of the state's most important indus-
tries. He was also a Scottish Rite Mason, belonging to Oregon Consistory of Portland.
He passed away April 4, 1917. Through his social and business activities he made
many friends who speak highly of his sterling worth, his upright character and his
many splendid qualifications. All who knew him bear tribute to his life, and his mem-
ory is enshrined in the hearts of those with whom he came in contact. He was a man
of great kindliness and sympathy as well as of marked ability as a merchant and
inventor and he stood prominently among those who pushed forward the wheels of
progress in the northwest.

HOWARD B. FREELAND.

Howard B. Freeland, one of the proprietors of the Springfield News, published at
Springfield, Lane county, was born in Norfolk, Nebraska, May 17, 1894. He is a son
of Henry P. and Helen M. (Buffington) Freeland, the former a native of Greene county,
Indiana, while the latter was born in Le Mars, Iowa. The father went west to Nebraska
and in that state worked at his trade of harness-making until 1905, when he went

HISTORY OF OREGON 165

to Colorado and there resided until the spring of 1907, at which time he came to
Oregon, locating at Salem, where he still resides. The mother also survives.

Howard B. Freeland was eleven years of age when he accompanied his parents
on their removal westward to Greeley, Colorado, and his education was acquired in
the schools of that city, in Nebraska and in Salem, Oregon. After his textbooks were
laid aside he learned the printer's trade in the office of the Statesman and he continued
to follow that trade in various parts of the state until September S, 1919, when he
purchased an interest in the Springfield News. In November of that year he admitted
Samuel H. Taylor as a partner in the enterprise and they have since conducted the
News. They have built up a fine newspaper, and they are owners of a thoroughly
modern printing plant, equipped with all the latest presses and machinery, including
a linotype machine. They do a large job business, including considerable work
for the county, and in the conduct of their business have ever followed the most pro-
gressive and enterprising methods.

On the 15th of June, 1919, Mr. Freeland was united in marriage to Miss Leda Mae
Henderson, a daughter of James and Myrtle (Barnes) Henderson, residents of Salem,
Oregon. Mr. Freeland enlisted for service in the World war on the 28th of April, 1917,
and was stationed at Vancouver Barracks with the Fourth Engineers, but owing to
sickness was discharged on the 28th of November of the same year. He is a member
of the American Legion and his political allegiance is given to the republican party.
He was reared in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is patriotic and
public-spirited and is greatly interested in the development of his community, to which
he has largely contributed through the medium of his paper, and his worth as a man
and citizen is widely acknowledged.

VICTOR K. STRODE.

Victor K. Strode, who, according to the consensus of opinion on the part of his
fellowmen, was ever animated by a kind, noble, affectionate spirit, passed away in
Portland on the 16th of January, 1920. For almost four decades he had been a
member of the bar of this city and was recognized as one of the eminent lawyers and
brilliant orators of the northwest. He also displayed marked ability in the manage-
ment of business affairs of importance, but that which causes his memory to be
cherished and revered was a beautiful spirit that sought out the good in others and
appraised each individual at his true worth.

Victor K. Strode was born in Kane county, Illinois, on the 25th of August, 1851.
His youth was largely passed in Missouri and he was graduated from the State Normal
School at Kirksville, Missouri. Moreover, he rounded out a thorough educational train-
ing by broad reading and even in young manhood was thoroughly well acquainted with
the old English authors and throughout his life kept in close touch with the vital in-
terests, questions and problems of the day and, according to one of his lifelong friends,
"hardly any topic could arise in a general conversation that Mr. Strode would not in
some way Illuminate from the vast amount of information which he had stored away
in a finely constructed memory and which was always at command to serve his pur-
pose." It was in 1860 that Mr. Strode went to Los Angeles, California, and later
removed to Visalia, in the same state, where he taught school for about two years. On
the expiration of that period he went to San Francisco, where he entered the law
oflSce of General William H. L. Barnes, an eminent representative of the bar on the
Pacific coast. Mr. Strode read law under the direction of Mr. Barnes until his admis-
sion to the bar and for a brief period he continued in the practice of law in San
Francisco but about 1879 removed to Portland and entered into partnership relations
with Jarvis Varnel Beach, a connection that was maintained for many years under
the firm style of Strode & Beach. In 1895 their partnership relation, but not their
friendship, was severed and later Mr. Strode admitted Charles N. Wait, a son of
Aaron E. Wait, to a partnership. One who knew him well wrote of him at the time
of his death: "Mr. Strode's legal work was marked by great thoroughness. No one
ever found him surprised; he was always prepared on his law and his facts. His
conduct of a trial of a cause was accompanied by a sweetness of disposition such as
Is seldom given to any of the children of men. Attention to his own affairs has taken
him away somewhat from the practice of his chosen profession of late years, and
there are many of the younger members of the bar who did not personally know Mr.

166 HISTORY OF OREGON

strode, but the writer of this sketch has known nearly all of the lawyers of the terri-
torial and of the early state days; he feels that he can affirm that he never knew one
who had the love, confidence and respect of his associates to a greater degree than did
Mr. Strode."

In 18S7 Mr. Strode was united in marriage to Miss Kate Wiegand, the daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wiegand, well known and well beloved pioneers of Portland,
where Mr. Wiegand acquired a large amount of property before his death at the com-
paratively early age of thirty-two years. His daughter, Mrs. Strode, was born in a
house then located where the Panama building now stands at the corner of Third and
Alder streets, which building is now the property of his heirs. When the excavation
was made for this building the roots of a magnolia tree, under the shade of which
she had played in her youth, were dug out. Mr. and Mrs. Strode became the parents
of three children. Charles J., the eldest, married Ethel D. Williams, a native of Port-
land, and they have one son, Wayne. Victor W., the second son, was chief wireless
operator in the transport service during the World war and made five trips across
the ocean after having pursued a government radio course at Harvard University.
He married Helen Doris Clark, a native of Portland and a representative of one of
the pioneer families of the city. The eldest son, Charles J., is auditor for the Braden
Packing Company of Pasadena, California, and was with the Emergency Fleet Corpora-
tion during the World war. The other son of the family, Walter, has passed away.
The death of the husband and father occurred on the 16th of January, 1920, leaving
to his family the priceless heritage of an honored name and a memory which they will
ever cherish because he was largely the ideal husband and father.

In his political views Mr. Strode was a stalwart democrat and for many years
was a recognized leader of the party in this state. In 1S92 he represented Oregon as
a delegate in the national convention which nominated Grover Cleveland. He fre-
quently discussed on the platform vital questions and issues of the day and one of the
local papers said of him: "Judge Strode was an orator of remarkable ability and con-
sidered one of the best jury advocates in Oregon. His ability to see the best that
there was in his fellowmen was so conspicuous and his power to express his thoughts
so wonderful that the Bar Association on most occasions delegated to him the privilege
of delivering the eulogies said for departed members of the organization." Mr. Strode
was deeply interested in the questions concerning the purposes of lite and the destiny
of man and his belief was unfaltering concerning future existence. He often remarked
that the promise meant all that was said: "Now faith is the substance of things hoped
for, the evidence of things not seen." His own life was an expression of the highest
ideals of American manhood and citizenship. He used his time and talents wisely
and well. He gained fame and honor as a lawyer, respect as a citizen and, moreover,
his life proved the truth of the Emersonian philosophy that "the way to win a friend
is to be one." A lifetime associate wrote of him: "It shall be to the writer of this
article a matter of fond recollection that in his pilgrimage through this world to
that world that is to come, it was permitted him to know in the intimacy of a friend-
ship of more than forty years, the kind, the noble, the affectionate spirit that animated
him, known in the flesh as Victor K. Strode.

Green be the turf above thee,
Friend of my better days;
None knew thee but to love thee.
None named thee but to praise."

CHARLES H. FISHER.

Charles H. Fisher has devoted his entire life to the newspaper business and in
this field of endeavor has won success. He is now one of the proprietors of the Eugene
Daily Guard, which ranks among the oldest newspapers of the state, having been
founded as a weekly in 1866. Mr. Fisher was born in Clay county, South Dakota,
August 28, 1865, a son of Jesse L. and Mary L. (Turner) Fisher. The father was an
honored veteran of the Civil war. He enlisted in a Michigan regiment and after
serving for some time was discharged on account of disability. He afterward went
to North Dakota and in 1877 came to Oregon, taking up his abode in Roseburg, where
he was engaged in various enterprises during the balance of his life, following farm-

HISTORY OF 0REC40X 167

ing, merchandising and milling. He resided in Roseburg until his death, which oc-
cured in 1905. The mother survived him tor five years, passing away in 1910.

Charles H. Fisher was twelve years of age at the time of the removal of his
parents to this state and he attended the public schools of Roseburg, completing his
education in the State University of Oregon. It was while attending that institution
that he entered upon his journalisic career, being elected editor of the old Laurean
Literary Society. After leaving the university Mr. Fisher taught school for a brief
time and then with his meager savings purchased control of a little paper at Oakland,
which he called the Umpqua Herald. After conducting this paper for a year or two
he sought other fields of operation and went to Roseburg, Oregon, where he formed a
partnership with Fred Flood for the publication of the Herald, which is said to have
been the first semi-weekly published in the state. This was about 1SS7. Some time
later the Herald was consolidated with the Review, at which time Mr. Fisher disposed
of his interest therein, but later repurchased the journal. It was in the early days
of the consolidated Review, when they were building it up first into a semi-weekly
and then into a daily, that Mr. Fisher says he did his best journalistic work, and it
was here that he gained confidence in his own ability to go into any town and publish
a paper that the people would have to read. It is to this quality that he attributes
his constant success. In 1896 the Review became a daily and soon afterward Mr. Fisher,
retaining his interest, went to Boise, Idaho, for his health. There he organized a
stock company and started the Evening Capital News, of which he became editor.
Like all the other Fisher papers, this soon took hold and is today one of the leading
dailies of Idaho. Upon regaining his health Mr. Fisher disposed of his Roseburg and
Boise interests and purchased the Eugene Guard, which he conducted for a few years
and then sold. He subsequently purchased the Salem Capital Journal, which he con-
ducted very successfully, greatly increasing its circulation and installing modern equip-
ment. While still at Salem Mr. Fisher, in association with J. E. Shelton, purchased
the Eugene Guard, of which Mr. Shelton took charge, Mr. Fisher remaining in Salem
until he disposed of the Journal, since which time he has devoted his attention to the
conduct of the Guard in association with his partner, Mr. Fisher acting as editor of
the paper, while Mr. Shelton has charge of the business details. The partners are
men of broad experience in the newspaper field and the Guard is conceded to be one
of the best papers in this section of the state. Its plant is thoroughly modern, equipped
with all the latest presses and machinery, including three linotype machines, and it
Is a most interesting and valuable journal to the community in which it is published.
Its news is always accurate and reliable and it has therefore gained a large circulation,
which makes it a valuable advertising medium.

Mr. Fisher married Miss Effie Owens and they have many friends in Eugene and
vicinity. He is one of the regents of the State University of Oregon and his fraternal
connections are with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks and the Woodmen of the World. His political allegiance is given to the demo-
cratic party and in religious faith he is a Baptist. He has won success in the jour-
nalistic field through the wise utilization of time and opportunity and he has ever
held to the highest standards of newspaper publication, his aid and influence being
always on the side of advancement and improvement.

HALF. M. BOND.

Balf. M. Bond, cashier of the Halsey State Bank of Halsey, Linn county, is making
a creditable record in the ofllce by the prompt and faithful manner in which he is
discharging his duties, looking after the welfare of depositors and safeguarding the
interests of the institution. He has here passed his entire life, for he was born in
Halsey on the 15th of February, 1S91, a son of Owen and Mary C. (Keeney) Bond,
also natives of this state. The father, who was born in Linn county, engaged in farm-
ing and stock raising on a ranch six miles west of Halsey where he continued to
reside until his demise on the 1st of February, 1913. The mother, however, survives.

In the public schools of Halsey, Bait. M. Bond pursued his education and on enter-
ing the business world became an employe of S. E. Young & Son of Albany, with whom
he was connected for some time. In 1912 he entered the Halsey State Bank as assistant
cashier and in the following year purchased stock in the institution, becoming cashier,
in which position he has since served most conscientiously and efficiently, the growth

168 HISTORY OF OREGON

of the bank being due in large measure to his initiative and ability. The institution
was organized in 1910, at which time a modern bank building was erected. Its present
officers are: C. H. Koontz, president; D. Taylor, vice president; and B. M. Bond,
cashier, all of whom are reliable and progressive business men of this section of the
state. The bank is capitalized for twenty thousand dollars and has a surplus of twelve
thousand dollars. Its deposits will average one hundred and eighty thousand dollars
and its total resources are two hundred and fifty-two thousand dollars. Mr. Bond is
also connected with farming interests, being the owner of the home farm of three
hundred and ten acres, which he purchased from the other heirs. This prdlperty he
rents and thereby derives an additional source of revenue.

On the 20th of August, 1919, Mr. Bond was united in marriage to Miss Esther
Marie Frisbee and they have many friends in their community. Mr. Bond is a
republican in his political views and has taken a prominent and active part In public
affairs of his city, serving as city treasurer for three years, while for six years he
has been clerk of the school board. He attends the Methodist Episcopal church and
in its work he is actively and helpfully interested, having served as a teacher in
the Sunday school for the past four years. His fraternal connections are with the
Odd Fellows, the Rebekahs, the Masons and the Eastern Star. Mr. Bond is a young
man of excellent business qualifications who has already advanced well toward the
goal of success and the sterling worth of his character is indicated In the fact that
in the community where he has spent his entire lite he is held in the highest esteem.

FREDERICK EGGERT.

The influences which shape the career of an individual are often remote and
difficult to trace, but not so in the case of Frederick Eggert, a man of marked democracy
of spirit, of kindly and generous disposition, of inflexible integrity and of high pur-
poses. The foundations of his upright character were laid in the teachings of a sturdy,
religious parentage. His father, John Heinrich Eggert, was born in Lippe-Detmold,
Germany, April 18, ISll, while his mother, who bore the maiden name of Sophie Wil-
helmene Freitag, was born in Hanover, Germany, January 12, 1811. They came to
America in early life and their marriage was celebrated in Detroit, Michigan, February
12, 1837. Their family numbered four sons, of whom Frederick Eggert II was born
in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, May 30. 1843, his lite record spanning the intervening years
until he passed away on the 26th of April. 1918, in Portland, Oregon. His three
brothers survive him, but other children of the family died in infancy.

Frederick Eggert was quite young when his parents removed from Milwaukee to
Illinois, settling near Freeport, and there at the age of three years he suffered a long
and severe attack of spinal meningitis, which left him with the handicap of a frail
body, a weak heart and very limited physical strength. In the spring of 1856 the
family home was established on a farm near Lawrence, the first "free-state" town in
Kansas, and there his strength was strained to the uttermost in farm work, while he
had less than the average meager opportunity of the youth of that day to obtain an
education. When seventeen years of age his active brain, bright mind and determined
will led him to decide upon a different career than that of the farmer and he obtained
employment in a general merchandise establishment at Lawrence, where by diligence,
unfailing courtesy and geniality he won friends whose friendship and loyalty to him
have been one of his cherished possessions throughout the intervening years. His
business experience constituted the basis of his later success. He was employed in a
store when on August 21, 1863, while he was sleeping in a room over the store, Quantrell
with his fierce Confederate raiders fell upon the town, sacked and burned it and left
one hundred and sixty-five citizens lying dead in the streets, one of his employers
being among the victims. Mr. Eggert, then a frail boy, was about to be shot when
one of the raiders tor some unknown reason interposed and saved his life and did not
desert him until he had gotten him away from danger.

On the 2d of November, 1865, Mr. Eggert determined to engage in business on
his own account and made his first trip on a railroad when he went to Chicago to
buy a stock of goods. That he won success is not a matter of marvel, for he practiced
close application, stern self-denial and rigid economy and lived an upright, honorable
life that commanded for him the confidence and respect of all who knew him. In the

FREDERICK EGGERT

HISTORY OF OREGON 171

midst of an active business career he never neglected liis religious duties but was
a faithful member and generous supporter of the First Methodist church and occupied
many official positions in connection therewith.

On the 1st of September, 1873, Mr. Eggert was married to Miss Elizabeth Avery,
M. D., a homeopathic physician, who was then located in Lawrence but who had for-
merly been a resident of Connecticut. For forty-five years they traveled life's journey
most happily together and Mrs. Eggert was then left to mourn the loss of one who
had been an ideal husband in his home relations.

With the desire to secure broader business opportunities than were afforded in
Lawrence, Kansas, Mr. Eggert came to the wgst and after testing the effect of the
rainy season upon his health he closed out his business in Kansas on the 22d of Feb-
ruary, 1876, in order to become a resident of Oregon. He bore with him a letter of
introduction from L. Z. Leiter of the wholesale house of Field, Leiter & Company of
Chicago, to Murphy, Grant & Company, the largest wholesale dry goods dealers in
San Francisco, and over his own signature Mr. Leiter wrote: "Mr. Bggert's credit
is good for all the goods you can persuade him to buy." Establishing a home in
Albany and finding trade conditions somewhat different from those of the east, Mr.
Eggert found employment with Samuel E. Young, the leading merchant of Linn county,
taking charge of the dry goods department. During tlie six and a half years which
he spent in that position his business qualifications made a lasting impression upon
the pioneer residents of that place. On the 11th of November, 1882, Mr. Eggert entered
into partnership relations with Mr. Young and Walter E. Turrell, under the firm name
of Eggert, Young & Company, and engaged in the boot and shoe business as the suc-
cessors of The Pacific Boot and Shoe Company, thus acquiring the oldest store in that
line in the Pacific northwest, their location being at No. 109 First street, Portland.
Although conditions were very disheartening at the beginning his indomitable courage
and business methods enabled him to overcome all obstacles with success. After three
years Mr. Eggert purchased the interests of his partners in the business but retained
the firm name by mutual consent and ever enjoyed the lifelong friendship of his
former associates in the enterprise. Later he was for a time in partnership with
Walter E. Turrell and his brother, George J. Turrell, in the retail shoe business in
Tacoma and Seattle and subsequently became associated with J. F. Kelly, A. Staiger
and E. Rice, with whom he shared his prosperity until each in turn was able to engage
in business for himself. He was at various periods connected with other important
business enterprises in Portland. In 1889 he formed a partnership with Messrs. Treen
and Raymond, of Seattle, Messrs. Turrell, of Tacoma and Seattle, and his youngest
Drother, Charles F. Eggert, who for several years had been on a farm in the Waldo
hills of Marion county, and thus under the firm name of Treen", Raymond, Turrell &
Company they opened a wholesale shoe business in Seattle. Their trade was increasing
in substantial manner when the great Seattle fire destroyed their entire store and
stock. Mr. Eggert lost heavily, not only directly but also through his interest in a
local insurance company, which this and subsequent fires in EUensburg and Spokane
swept out of existence.

Immediately after the fire Mr. Eggert established his brother in the retail shoe
business in the unburned district and thus founded the Eggert Shoe Company of
Seattle. To his brother's four sons, who from boyhood were connected with the busi-
ness, Mr. Eggert gradually sold his interest as fast as his nephews were fitted to
assume responsibilities.

In 1897, for the benefit of his health, Mr. Eggert went to the Hood River valley
and then purchased of Hon. E. L. Smith a portion of Beulah Land, to which he added
by subsequent purchases one hundred and forty acres and built thereon a summer home
on what is conceded to be the most picturesque spot in the valley, calling his place
Eggermont. He planted one of the first commercial orchards, if not the first, in the
Hood River valley and was a pioneer in Hood River apple culture. Because of the
growth of his business which made greater demands upon his time and energies tnan
he cared to give, he sold the place in February, 1911, to the Eggermont Orchard Com-
pany.

On the 1st of November, 1892, the Eggert, Young Company removed to the Hamil-
ton building on Third street, in Portland, for the firm's increasing business and clientele
required more spacious and modern quarters. In due time three employes, Jordan
Purvine, W. B. Brazelton and Miss N. B. Townsend, became stockholders and since
Mr. Eggert's death have succeeded to the management, conducting the business as far
as possible along the lines which he instituted, for during the nearly thirty-six years

172 HISTORY OF OREGON

of his business life in Portland he had made for himself and the firm an enviable
place as an influential factor in winning for Portland its position as a mercantile
center of the Pacific coast. An excellent characterization of Mr. Eggert was given
by one who had been associated with him in his office for seventeen years and he said:
"Those who knew Mr. Eggert best were impressed with his democracy. Every man
coming into contact with him in a business way was given a hearing and If his proposi-
tion was economically sound he was received in a friendly spirit.

"A man seeking employment found in hini a sympathetic listener whether or not
there was a vacancy in the corps of helpers. And to any boy — struggling with poverty
and trying to make for himself a place — it gave Mr. Eggert the keenest pleasure to
give a helping hand. His plan for doing that was to teach him the value of money
and the need for industry — two branches of knowledge seemingly neglected in this
day. Once interested in a boy his movements were closely watched and great was
Mr. Eggert's disappointment if his teachings were disregarded. He frequently quoted
Lincoln's saying that God must have loved the common people because he made so
many of them.

"Another characteristic was his cheerful and sunny disposition. Blues did not
find an encouraging glance from him and they speedily took flight from any company
of which he was a part. His friends came to him with a fund of funny stories and
they usually took away with them an equal number in exchange; good, wholesome,
laugh-provoking stories — this always in spite of failing health and ofttimes in the
face of serious weakness.

"Mr. Eggert stood for inflexible uprightness, requiring the same of himself that
he expected in others. Nothing less than right characterized his dealings with men.
Having struggled with poverty himself and retained his integrity, he knew whereof
he spoke when he counseled men that honesty was not only the best policy but the
only policy. His frequently expressed wish was that the race could realize the truth
of the old Book's saying 'The wages of sin is death.'

"His very presence created a clean atmosphere in business, for he would not tol-
erate nor excuse deviation from the principles he believed in and knew to be right.
Possessed of good judgment and keen business insight his advice was frequently sought
and always freely given. Many a widow and orphan have felt his loss as a counselor
and friend; without realizing it himself, he was instinctively the friend of the friend-
less. And to those he called friend he was unswervingly true. Sometimes he was im-
posed upon because he never believed ill of those to whom his allegiance was given
until he was forced to believe it. For those who betrayed a trust he had only con-
tempt and the wrongdoer saw himself in a new and unflattering light after an interview
with Mr. Eggert.

"Those most closely associated with him in business miss his guiding hand. His
decisions were quickly made, his judgment unerring and his spirit kind. He was a
type of what might be called the 'old school' of business men — those who forged
ahead in spite of handicaps — and who conducted affairs of today on the solid founda-
tions learned in the early days. 'Continue thou in the things which thou hast learned,'
was a text he found helpful both in material and spiritual things and he built a life
and a business upon that which would stand." Another said of him: "His success
from every standpoint was founded on character. He was a man of clean life and
sterling integrity; his yea was yea and his nay, nay. In spite of frail health he was
optimistic of soul and cheerful in spirit. His cheery smile and kindly greeting were
always helpful and encouraging and after a little talk with him the world always
seemed a brighter place and life a little more worth while. He loved Portland and its
people; he loved Oregon, its snow-capped mountains, 'God's alabaster towers,' its beau-
tiful scenery and equable climate. He loved his country and dearly prized the honor
of its flag. Less than two hours before he passed onward he held his pen in hand
for the last time to subscribe for a very considerable amount of Liberty bonds of
which he had previously taken an amount very large in proportion to his resources.

"He loved his church. On coming to Oregon circumstances led him and his wife
to unite with the Congregational church and no exigency of its needs ever failed to
receive from him a response to the limit of his means. He was deeply religious by
birth, training and temperament and many ministers of the Gospel were among his
dearest life-long friends.

"He loved life, made the mo.st of its sunshine, dispelled its shadows by his optim-
ism, bore its burdens with fortitude, 'scattering seeds of kindness' all along the way.
During his last days he had expressed gratitude for having been granted 'five years

HISTORY OF OREGON 173

of borrowed time' beyond the allotted human span of 'threescore years and ten.'
Even in declining health Mr. Eggert had with rare exception spent a portion of each
day at his office. Three days before the end his physical strength failed him and grad-
ually waned until he entered into rest and at the age of seventy-ftve years closed an
unusually successful career, leaving an unblemished record and a name honored at
home and abroad."

A. A. HOOVER.

A. A. Hoover, well known in financial circles in Portland, is conducting a brokerage
business and is also proprietor of a bakery. Step by step he has advanced since starting
out in the business world and obstacles and difficulties in his path have seemed to serve
but as an impetus for renewed effort on his part. He was born in Macy, Indiana, March
20, 1872, but has been a resident of Portland since 1893, arriving here in the year in
which he attained his majority. His grandfather, Daniel Hoover, was a native of
Pennsylvania, and died in December, 1890, at Akron, Indiana, where he devoted his
life to farming. His son, Joseph Hoover, was a native of Macy, Indiana, born in the
same house as his son, A. A. Hoover of this review. He married Elvira Tracy, a
daughter of James and Catherine Tracy, and she yet makes her home in Akron, Indiana.
Mr. Hoover comes of ancestral lines long connected with America. The grandmother
of his father's mother attended the funeral of George Washington and always retained
a vivid recollection of that momentous event.

Reared in the Mississippi valley, A. A. Hoover came to Portland in 1893, thinking
to enjoy better opportunities and advantages in the new and growing west. He entered
the employ of the East Side Railway Company, there remaining for a year, after which
he spent a year as bookkeeper in the employ of G. Covach & Company, wholesale fish
dealers at 290 First street. Later he went to Seattle and subsequently to San Francisco,
where he entered the employ of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, continuing
with the corporation from 1895 until 1898, when he returned to Portland.

It was at this period that Mr. Hoover entered the commercial circles of the city
by purchasing a half interest in a grocery store in connection with Ethan Allen at
435 Sixth street. The business prospered and in time Mr. Hoover purchased the interest
of his partner and conducted the store under his own name until July 4, 1900, when
the store was destroyed by fire and after paying all of his bills he found himself the
possessor of but eight dollars in cash and a horse and wagon. He then sold the wagon
for fifty dollars and traded the horse for two lots at Peninsular Station. Entering the
employ of F. Dresser & Company, prominent retail grocers at Seventh and Washington
streets, he remained with that house until May 1, 1903, and while with them worked
out the plan that later won for him the title of "Doughnut King." The firm of Dresser
& Company conducted a delicatessen, of which department Mr. Hoover had charge.
They bought all of their cooked goods and Mr. Hoover suggested to the proprietor
that he be permitted to prepare and cook the articles of food at the store, thus saving
the profit which went to outsiders who prepared the food. Moreover, some of the
articles of prepared food were not satisfactory, among which were the doughnuts han-
dled by the firm. The proprietor accepted the proposition made by Mr. Hoover and the
latter's doughnuts were so superior that a great trade was built up and Mr. Hoover
later made arrangements with his employer to make all the doughnuts at his own
home and sell them to him in order that he personally might be benefited. On the 1st of
May, therefore, he opened business on his own account in the rear of his home and
began delivery with one wagon, personally making the deliveries and putting in a full
working day of twenty hours. He still has in his possession the first cutter and his
old mixing bowl. As time passed on his trade grew with such rapidity that he hired
men to make the deliveries while he gave all of his attention to the shop. In 1908 he
began to employ men in the shop and from that point the business has steadily grown
to its present large proportions. He retains all of his original employes in both oflSce
and cake and doughnut departments. The business has been most carefully managed
and directed and is so thoroughly systematized that Mr. Hoover finds little necessity
to supervise it, having turned over the management to Mrs. C. D. Waters. In another
line Mr. Hoover is putting forth effective and successful efforts, for he conducts a
general brokerage business under the firm name of Hoover-Peterson, Incorporated,
selling agents, importers, exporters and brokers, with offices in the Board of Trade

174 HISTORY OF OREGON

building. Of this firm Mr. Hoover is the president, with F. H. Peterson as secretary
and treasurer.

In 1894 Mr. Hoover veas united in marriage to Miss Dora Belle Lesher, a native of
St. Paul and a daughter of W. F. and Lucy (Price) Lesher, the former deceased, while
the latter is living in Portland. To Mr. and Mrs. Hoover has been born one child, Lucy
Elvira. Mr. Hoover finds his recreation in trap shooting and boating. He belongs
to the Trap Shooters Club, the Multnomah Angler Club, the Portland Motor Boat Club
and the Sportsman's League. He also has membership with the United Artisans, the
Modern Woodmen, Progressive Business Men's Club, Portland Chamber of Commerce,
and the Masonic fraternity, and in the last named has attained high rank and is now
a member of the Mystic Shrine. His is the record of a truly self-made man. From
early life he has worked his way upward and though all days in his career have not
been equally bright he has managed to turn sudden failures into successes and to avoid
the storm clouds which seem to indicate disaster. Step by step he has progressed and
his life illustrates what can be accomplished when there is a will to dare and to do.

Mr. Hoover's home, located on the bank of the Willamette river at Grand Avenue
and Brooklyn street, with its unobstructed view of the city, snow capped mountains and
miles of river front, is one of the finest in the city and is fittingly known as "The King's
Palace."

REV. JOHN CUMMISKY, 0. S. B.

Rev. John Cummisky, O. S. B., pastor of St. Agatha's Catholic church in Portland,
was born November 23, 1885, at Lead, South Dakota, and is a son of John B. and Belle
Cummisky. He acquired his early education at the Sisters' Academy at Sturgis, South
Dakota, and his college training was acquired with the Benedictine Fathers of Con-
ception, Missouri, and in 1905 he joined the Benedictine Order. He studied theology
and philosophy at Mount Angel, where he was ordained in 1910. He was then assigned
to mission work in Clackamas county, Oregon, where he remained until given his
present appointment as pastor of St. Agatha's church in April, 1911.

This church was opened on the 25th of April, 1911, by Father John Cummisky,
who built the combination church and school, the church services being held on the
second floor while the first floor was used for school purposes. When Father Cummisky
took charge the parish numbered less than two hundred people, with an attendance of
about sixty pupils in the school. Today, through the splendid work and organization
powers of the pastor, the parish has become one of the strong Catholic centers of
Portland, with an average of five hundred communicants, and one hundred and fifty
pupils in the school. On the 16th of August, 1919, the ground was broken for a new
church and on New Year's day of 1920 the corner stone was laid for a beautiful new
edifice, which has been constructed of Oregon stone. The dimensions of the nave are
one hundred and fourteen by fifty feet and the transept has a depth of seventy feet.
The church was completed' and dedicated Sunday, October 3, 1920, and is one of the
finest Catholic churches in Portland. The purposes and plans of Father Cummisky are
well defined and carefully executed and he is securing the hearty cooperation of his
parishioners in the work which he has laid out to accomplish for his parish.

E. E. WILSON.

E. E. Wilson, prominent in financial circles of Corvallls as vice president of the
First National Bank, has passed his entire life within the borders of this state. He
was born in the city where he now resides on the 23d of October, 1869, and is a son of
Lewis P. and Rose J. (Russell) Wilson, the former a native of Illinois and the latter
of Missouri. The father crossed the plains to Oregon with his parents in 1853, at
which time he was seventeen years of age, while the mother came to this state in the
year 1851, in company with her parents, her father being a millwright by trade. The
father purchased land in this state and became the owner of land in Benton county,
■which he cultivated successfully for many years, but is now living retired at Corvallis.
The mother also survives and they are well known and highly respected pioneers of
Benton county.

REV. JOHN CUMMISKY, O.

HISTORY OF OREGON 177

E. E. Wilson was reared in Benton county and in the public schools of Corvallis
he pursued his education, while later he became a student in the Oregon Agricultural
College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1889. He then entered the
law school of the University of Oregon, from which he was graduated in 1893 with the
LL. B. degree. He had also pursued his law studies in the office of R. & E. B. Wil-
liams and Carey and also that of Governor W. W. Thayer. Mr. Carey is the editor of
this work. Following his graduation from the university Mr. Wilson opened an office
in Corvallis, where he has since continued in practice, his ability in his profession
winning for him a large clientele. His high professional standing is indicated in the
fact that he has been called to the office of city attorney at various times, his entire
period of service covering a decade. He is the incumbent in that office and was
appointed district attorney under Governor West, but resigned. Mr. Wilson has also
become prominent in financial circles of his city and is now the vice president of the
First National Bank of Corvallis, one of the sound financial institutions of this part
of the state. He also has become interested in farm properties which are proving a
profitable investment and he is continually broadening the scope of his activities with
good results, carrying forward to successful completion everything that he undertakes.

In his political views Mr. Wilson is a democrat and a stanch supporter of the
principles and candidates of that party. He is not affiliated with any clubs or fraternal
organizations, but is much interested in the educational progress of the state and for
seven years served as a member of the board of regents of the Oregon Agricultural
College. There are few who have longer made their home in Corvallis than Mr. Wilson
and as one of the native sons his record is a source of pride to his fellow townsmen,
who have ever found him arrayed on the side of law and order, of progress and improve-
ment. He is a man of high professional standing, of marked business integrity and
ability and the sterling worth of his character is recognized by all with whom he has
been associated.

A. V. R. SNYDER.

A. V. R. Snyder, the efficient treasurer of Polk county, is also engaged in the fire
insurance business at Dallas and is managing the financial affairs of the county with
the same care displayed in the control of his individual interests. He has filled other
positions of public trust and over the record of his public career there falls no shadow
of wrong nor suspicion of evil. He was born in Milford, Illinois, April 16, 1852, and
is a son of James P. and Sarah E. (Bray ton) Snyder, the former a native of New York
and the latter of Ohio. In an early day the father became a resident of Illinois and in
1856 started across the plains to California, but was never heard from afterward and
it is supposed that he met death in the Mountain Meadow massacre in Utah. The
mother continued a resident of Illinois until her demise in 1909.

A. V. R. Snyder was reared in Illinois, attending the public schools of Oregon, that
state, and later becoming a student at the Mount Morris Seminary. After completing
his studies he learned the printer's trade at Oregon, beginning his apprenticeship in
1867, and for several years continued to follow the trade in various places. On the
24th of July, 1872, he arrived at McMinnville, Oregon, where, in association with his
brother, he founded the Yamhill County Reporter, which they conducted until 1885,
and then sold the plant and went to Astoria, where they purchased the Gateway Herald,
continuing its publication until 1889, again selling out and removing to Dallas, Polk
county, where Mr. Snyder of this review obtained employment in the office of the
Observer, with which he was connected for a time, subsequently establishing the Valley
Transcript. For four years he conducted his interests at Dallas, at the end of which
time he moved the plant to McMinnville and issued the publication at that city until
1901, when he was appointed collector of customs at Wrangle, Alaska, serving in that
position until 1902. He resigned to accept the appointment of United States commis-
sioner, occupying that office for eight years, or until 1910, when he returned to Dallas
and engaged in the fire insurance business, in which he still continues. He has closely
studied every detail of the business and is most successfully managing his interests,
writing a large amount of insurance annually. In 1916 he was elected county treasurer
of Polk county and his excellent record in that office led to his reelection without an
opposing candidate at the close of his term in 1919. He is discharging his duties with
promptness and fidelity and is proving a faithful custodian of the public funds.

178 HISTORY OF OREGON

In November, 1874, Mr. Snyder was united In marriage to Miss Laura B. Rowell
and they have become the parents of seven children, namely: George C. L., a resident
o£ Portland; Sarah E., the wife o£ W. C. Cook of McMinnville; Jennie A., who married
T. J. Warren, also a resident of McMinnville; Frank E., who is living in Seattle, Wash-
ington; A. Claire, residing in McMinnville, Oregon; Pauline, the wife of H. C. Lowe
o£ Seattle; and William C who makes his home in Tulare, California.

In his political views Mr. Snyder is a republican and has been called upon to fill
various public offices of honor and trust. While residing at McMinnville he served for
two years as city recorder and lor six years filled that position at Dallas. For four
consecutive sessions he was assistant chief clerk of the state legislature, his work being
performed most systematically and accurately. His fraternal connections are with
the Knights of Pythias and the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan, his mem-
bership being in Abd Uhl Atef Temple of Portland. He also belongs to Friendship
Lodge, No. 6, I. 0. 0. P., to La Creole Encampment at Dallas, and is likewise a member
of Elmira Lodge, No. 26, of the Rebekahs, and a member of McMinnville, Oregon, Lodge,
No. 1283, B. P. 0. E. The family attend the Episcopal church and their lives are guided
by its teachings. He has displayed rare qualities as a public official and is held in
equally high regard in the various connections in which he is found, his labors at all
times being attended by results that are farreaching and beneficial.

MAJOR EDWARD C. MEARS.

Major Edward C. Mears, a veteran of the World war, is now engaged in the general
insurance business in partnership with Herbert Gordon and for many years has figured
prominently in commercial circles of Portland, most capably managing his interests.
The family name has long been a distinguished one in military affairs, the father and
sons having rendered notable service to the country in time of peril. A native of the
Pacific coast, the major is actuated by the spirit of western enterprise and progress
that have been the dominant factors in bringing about the rapid upbuilding and sub-
stantial growth of this part of the country.

Major Mears was born in San Francisco, California, September 21, 1870. His
father, Colonel Frederick Mears, attained distinction in the Civil war, as a lieutenant-
colonel. In 1S60 he was stationed at Vancouver barracks and following the close of
the war he continued active in the regular army, passing away at Fort Spokane in
1891 with the rank of colonel, his period of service extending over thirty years. The
three surviving children of the family are: Edward C, of this review; Winifred, a
resident of San Francisco, California; and Colonel Frederick Mears, U. S. A., who is
at present supervising the construction of a railroad for the government in Alaska.
He is well known in engineering circles throughout the country, having been next in
authority to General Goethals in the work of constructing the Panama canal. He also
rendered valuable service to his country during the war with Germany, directing as
general manager the transportation of all United States troops in France at that period.

As a boy Edward C. Mears was naturally much interested in military affairs,
owing to his father's long connection therewith and he became a student in the Shattuck
Military School at Faribault. Minnesota, from which he was graduated in the class
of 1S86. He afterward continued his education in the College of the City of New York,
of which he is an 1S93 alumnus. He has been a resident of Portland since 1S93 and
for fifteen years was identified with banking in this city, serving as the first cashier
of the Lumbermen's National Bank. He was also the receiver of the Title Guarantee
& Trust Company, selling the assets of the concern and netting the creditors one hundred
cents on the dollar, and he has likewise acted as receiver for other companies. For
some time he engaged in the brokerage business, winning a large clientele which he
represented in investment in Pacific coast timber and bonds. In July, 1920, he engaged
in the general insurance business in partnership with Herbert Gordon and they are
building up a good clientage as the result of their enterprising business methods and
straightforward and reliable dealing.

On the 9th of February, 1895, Major Mears was united in marriage to Miss An-
toinette Prescott. a daughter of C. H. Prescott who was at one time general manager
of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company, associated with Henry Villard and
T. Oakes. He was likewise vice president of the Northern Pacific Railroad Cc«npany
and was one of the most prominent factors in railway and transportation circles up

HISTORY OP OREGON 179

to the tirhe of his death, which occurred on the 7th of August, 1905. Major and
Mrs. Mears have become the parents of two daughters: Antoinette, who is the wife
of Willis B. Ashley, a member of the firm of Ashley & Runuelin, bankers; and Georgi-
anna B.

Major Mears has been prominent in military affairs. For eight years he served
as adjutant of the Third Infantry Regiment of the Oregon National Guard and is also
a veteran of the "World war, called to service in May, 1917, as captain. He was assigned
to the Eighty-eighth Division, with which he served for eleven months in France,
winning promotion to the rank of major. He is a member of the American Legion,
which he was active in organizing and he is also identified with the Military Order
of the Loyal Legion, having served as commander of the local chapter and is a member
of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. He is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi, a college
fraternity and also of the Arlington Club, and his political allegiance is given to the
republican party. His activities have been of a varied nature and as a business man
his standing is of the highest. His life has been well spent, characterized by the
conservation of his forces, by the utilization of opportunity and by a correct under-
standing of life's values and purposes. The strength that he has manifested in business
circles has its root in upright, honorable manhood, winning for him the unqualified
regard of all with whom he has been associated.

H. S. GILE.

For thirty years H. S. Gile has been a resident of Oregon and he h
recognized leader in horticultural circles of the state, aiding largely in the develop-
ment of the prune industry. It was principally through his efforts that the Oregon
prune was established in the markets of the east. In 1900 he organized the Willamette
Valley Prune Association and until 1913 was its manager. This was the pioneer pack-
ing organization in the northwest and was largely responsible for saving the prune
industry to Oregon. In 1915 he was the chief factor in organizing the Pheasant Fruit
Juice Company, which was directly responsible for saving the loganberry industry
from what seemed inevitable destruction and later consolidated with the Phez Com-
pany, which now has an international sale for its products.

Mr. Gile is a native of Canada. He was born at Smith Falls, in the province of
Ontario. Crossing the border into the United States before he was of age, he later
became a resident of Nebraska, whence he came to Oregon about thirty years ago, taking
up his abode in Salem. In 1900 Mr. Gile became active in forming the first organ-
ization for packing and marketing prunes, which is now known as the Willamette
Valley Prune Association and which markets the Pheasant and Hunter brands of
prunes. Mr. Gile is still a large stockholder in this association. Oregon owes him
a great debt tor his work in behalf of her prune industry, for it was largely due to
his efforts, at a time when this fruit needed a champion, that the superiority of the
Oregon prune became known outside of the state. Analysis shows that prunes grown
in this state contain valuable therapeutic properties not found to the same extent in
the sweeter varieties of prunes, and also that they carry a much larger percentage of
albuminoids than prunes grown elsewhere, thus giving them the highest food value.
It would be impossible to find a more healthful and nutritious article of diet. Oregon
prunes are evaporated Fallenburg plums and the orchards in the Willamette valley are
as carefully cared for as the easterner's favorite rose bed. When the fruit has ripened,
it is gathered, cleaned and cured in great hot-air evaporators, after which it is taken
to the packing plants and by means of great power machinery is sorted into several
sizes, the largest fruits running about thirty-five prunes to the pound. Before being
packed the fruit is passed through a large, rapidly revolving cylinder filled with live
steam at high pressure, and is finally washed and while very hot packed in paper-
lined boxes. Mr. Gile was among the first to go east for the purpose of introducing
the Oregon prune to our great domestic markets. His efforts in this connection were
later given much unsolicited publicity by the Saturday Evening Post, which devoted
considerable space to the matter, the subject of this review being described as invading
the east with his pockets bulging with prunes. The easterners at first declared that
they were well satisfied with the prunes which they were buying from California and
complained of the sourness and toughness of the Oregon product, but through improved
methods of preparation plus perseverance and determination the Oregon prune was

180 HISTORY OF OREGON

finally placed on the eastern market and It is there to stay. Mr. Gile and his associates
are interested in five ranches, four of which total five hundred acres, and of this three
hundred and five acres are given over to the production of fruit. The fifth ranch
contains eight hundred and sixty-two acres, three hundred acres being devoted to
fruit raising. They also own and operate prune packing plants at Newberg and Rose-
burg under the firm name of H. S. Gile & Company and their interests are now most
extensive, it being their constant endeavor to extend their markets.

In 1915 Mr. Gile was chiefly responsible for the organization of the Pheasant Fruit
Juice Company, which in 191S was consolidated with the Northwest Fruit Products
Company, becoming known as the Phez Company, under which style it is now con-
ducted. Mr. Gile was the president of these corporations until January, 1921, during
which formative period the business has enjoyed a phenomenal growth, its transactions
for the year 1918 amounting to about two million dollars. Since the enforcement of
prohibition the consumption of sweet soft drinks has increased tremendously and the
business is now one which affords unlimited possibilities. The Phez Company has
confined itself to the manufacture and merchandising of pure fruit juice products,
Phez being made from the juice of the loganberry, which grows here in abundance.
They also manufacture Applju and pure sweet cider, using for this purpose from five
to ten thousand tons of apples annually, and their products command an extensive
sale throughout the United States. Five well equipped plants are owned by the Phez
Company, the one at Salem being located in the center of the city and given over to
the manufacture of loganberry juice. The buildings are of concrete and brick con-
struction and include ice and cold storage facilities of large proportions. The cold
storage is not only used by the company but is also open for public use at profitable
rates. The receiving and fruit-pressing equipment in this building includes a system of
huge hydraulic presses connected up with thorough pasteurizing, filtering and condensing
appliances. The Olympia plant is the most extensive and is located on the extreme
south end of Puget Sound, being connected with all of the railroads which enter the
city. This is devoted to the manufacture of Applju and is a model of sanitation.
Great quantities of apples known as packing house seconds are used, which means
sprayed, clean fruit, all bruised and discolored portions being removed before the
crushing process in order to avoid the least discoloration in the juice. The jam. Jelly
and preserve plant is housed in a building ninety by five hundred feet, the property
of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, located on its main line tracks in Salem,
close to its passenger station. This building is supplied with the most modern and
sanitary equipment and the capacity of the plant is about one carload a day when
running at full capacity. The junior plant at Wenatchee Is used chiefly as a receiving
and shipping station for a large part of the apples which are used at the Olympia
plant. The products manufactured by the company are unexcelled for purity and
excellence of flavor and have gained well merited popularity throughout the United
States.

Mr. Gile is an affable, courteous gentleman whose initiative spirit and powers of
organization have led him into important relations, whereby the state has greatly
benefited. An analyzation of his life record indicates that close application, determina-
tion and industry have been the salient factors in his present-day success. He possesses
a natural inclination to stick to a proposition until the desired result is achieved,
and while attaining individual prosperity his labors have been an effective force in
promoting the development of the state along horticultural lines, his efforts proving
far-reaching and resultant.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM GADSBY.

In the death of Captain William Gadsby, which occurred on the 20th of September,
1918, Portland lost a representative citizen and business man who had long been
identified with its commercial interests as proprietor of a large furniture and carpet
house at the corner of First and Washington streets. He was ever actuated by a
laudable ambition and his energy and determination enabled him to overcome all
obstacles and difliculties in his path. In fact, in his vocabulary there was no such
word as fail and the trials which always beset a business career seemed to serve
but as an impetus for renewed effort on his part.

Mr. Gadsby was of English birth and lineage. He was born January 18, 1859,

CAPTAIN WILLIAM GADSBY

HISTORY OF OREGON 183

in Birmingham, England, where the family name has long been associated with mer-
cantile enterprises. His father, William Gadsby, was but fprty years of age when
death cut short a career of great promise. He had married Prances Anne Moore, a
daughter of Richard Moore, the owner of Prestop Park, in Leicestershire, England.
She, too, spent her entire life in that country. In the family were five children.

Owing to the death of his father and business reverses which came to the family
William Gadsby was forced to start out in life on his own account when but twelve
years of age. He was employed in various ways for a period of four years and then
joined the British army, being assigned to the Seventeenth Foot, then stationed in
Ireland. In 1877 he was sent to India and while in that country acquired a thorough
knowledge of Hindustani, one of the languages of Hindustan. This qualified him for
appointment to a staff position in the Bombay commissariat department and while thus
serving he assisted in the embarkation of the army corps sent from India to Malta
and to Cyprus during the Russo-Turkish war. On the outbreak of the Afghan war
he was detailed to take charge of the stores of the Third Brigade, Kandahar Field
Force, and accompanied the division under General Roberts to relieve Kandahar.
After serving with the movable column under General Ross in the Hurnai valley he
returned to India.

It was while at Bombay, on the 4th of February, 1880, that Captain Gadsby was
united in marriage to Miss Nellie Slater, a daughter of Oliver Slater, of Newhall,
Staffordshire, England. After he had been on military duty in India for about six
years his health failed and he was compelled to resign his position in the army and
return to his native country, hoping that the change of climate would prove beneficial.
On the contrary, however, he found the climate of England very trying and thus was
induced to come to the United States. He made his way to Colorado and the dry
air of that state proved extremely beneficial to him. Accordingly he decided to locate
there and took out naturalization papers, after which he established a furniture store
in Denver, meeting with very substantial success in the conduct of the business until
1889, when the condition of his wife's health caused him again to seek a change of
climate. Portland became his destination and after establishing his family here he
again turned his attention to the furniture trade and from the beginning met with
notable prosperity. For a long period he conducted a large store at First and Wash-
ington streets, in the very heart of the commercial center of Portland. He carried
an extensive and attractive line of furniture and carpets and his sales reached a
notable figure. He ever realized the fact that satisfied patrons are the best advertise-
ment and, moreover, he ever felt the truth of the old axiom that honesty is the best
policy. His business methods were entirely straightforward, winning him a high
standing in mercantile circles. Energetic and progressive, he kept in touch with
the trend of the trade at all times and the finest that the markets in his line afforded
could be at all times found in his store.

With Captain Gadsby's removal to the United States he became a loyal citizen
of his adopted country and when the United States entered into war with Spain he
joined the army. He had previously served in the Oregon National Guard for several
years, rising from the ranks to the captaincy of Company G. Therefore at the out-
break of hostilities in the Spanish-American war he was commissioned by Governor
Lord, becoming captain of Company G of the Second Oregon Volunteer Infantry. In
that capacity he accompanied the regiment to the Philippines and was present at the
capture of Manila, remaining on the islands until invalided home. He resigned his
commission in December, 1898, and thereafter spent three months in recuperating in
southern California.

To Captain and Mrs. Gadsby were born two sons, William B. and Walter M., both
of whom were born in India and are now engaged in the furniture business. They
also adopted a daughter, Alice. The eldest son, Benjamin Gadsby, was born in Bom-
bay, India, in 1S81, while the birth of the second son, Walter Moore, occurred at
Neemuch, in central India, in 1882. Both were educated in the Portland Business
College and in the Bishop Scott Academy. They became the associates of their father
in business and upon his death succeeded to the ownership of the furniture and carpet
house, displaying the same sterling qualities of business which won success tor the
founder of the store.

The death of Captain Gadsby occurred September 20, 1918, when he was fifty-nine
years of age. Politically he had become a republican following his naturalization
and he remained a stalwart supporter of the party. He was also a member of the
Chamber of Commerce of Portland, of the Commercial Club and of the Board of

184 HISTORY OF OREGON

4
Trade and fraternally was connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He
belonged to the Episcopal church and his life was ever guided by high and honorable
principles that brought him prominently to the front as a business man, that made
him a citizen whose loyalty was above question and that constituted him a firm friend
and a devoted husband and father.

WALTER L. HEMBREE.

Walter L. Hembree, serving for a second term as postmaster of McMinnville, is
widely and favorably known in Yamhill county, for he has here spent his entire life.
He was born in the city in which he now resides October 6, 1S71, and is a son of Waman
C. and Nancy Ann (Garrison) Hembree, the former a native of McMinnville, Tennessee,
and the latter of Iowa. When a small boy the father went to Missouri and in April,
1843, he crossed the plains to Oregon as a member of a large train of immigrants,
arriving in this state in October of that year and driving an ox team the entire dis-
tance. He was at that time fourteen years of agg and had made the trip in company
with his parents, who settled on a donation claim in Yamhill county, six miles north-
east of McMinnville. He had attended school in Missouri, and in Oregon he completed
his education, remaining with his parents until he attained his majority. He traded
his squatter's right to a half section of land for forty bushels of grain and a cow, con-
ducting the transaction with the father of Judge Burnett, a leading jurist of Salem,
but the family ate the grain and the cow died. Subsequently Mr. Hembree took up
land three-quarters of a mile northwest of Carlton, in Yamhill county, which he cleared
and developed, continuing active in its cultivation and improvement for several years.
On the 14th of October, 1855, he enlisted for service in the Yakima Indian war as
a member of a company of volunteers commanded by Captain A. J. Hembree, an
uncle, who was killed the following April. The father remained in the service until
1856, when he was mustered out, and, returning to Yamhill county, he engaged in
general merchandising in McMinnville in association with his father conducting that
business for several years. Subsequently he purchased a tract of land two miles south
of the town and this he continued to operate until 1891, when he took up his residence
in Monmouth, Oregon, in order to educate his children but later returned to McMinn-
ville and there made his home throughout the remainder of his life, passing away
on the 22d of March, 1920, when he had reached the venerable age of ninety-one years
and two weeks, while the mother's demise had occurred on the 7th of September, 1891.
He was prominent in the local councils of the democratic party and was a member of
the Grange. His life was ever an upright and honorable one and for about seventy
years he was a devoted and faithful member of the Christian church. A short time
prior to his death he took an airship ride over the surrounding country, greatly
enjoying the trip. He was one of the honored pioneers of Oregon and through his
activities contributed in substantial manner to the upbuilding and development of
his section of the state. He was twice married, his first union being with Nancy Ann
Garrison, who became the mother of the subject of this review. She started across
the plains to Oregon with her parents in 1845 and in Nevada her father was killed by
the Indians. In 1892 Mr. Hembree was united in marriage to Nancy Beagle Crisp,
who passed away in April, 1914. In 1843 she made the long journey across the plains
with her parents, who settled in Washington county, Oregon, near the present site of
Forest Grove, and there they continued to reside until called by death.

Walter L. Hembree was reared in Y^amhill county and there attended the district
schools, subsequently pursuing his studies in the public schools of McMinnville and
later completed a course in the State Normal School at Monmouth. On entering busi-
ness life he became an employe in a bank at Monmouth, with which he was connected
for a time, and then was for three years active in the further cultivation and im-
provement of the old home farm, which is still owned by the family. In 1S96 he pur-
chased a book store at McMinnville, which he continued to conduct successfully until
1920, or for a period of twenty-four years, his large and well selected stock, reasonable
prices and courteous treatment of customers winning for him a good patronage. On
the 26th of January, 1916, he was appointed postmaster and his excellent service in
that connection led to his reappointment in January, 1920, for an additional term of
four years. He is prompt, efficient and reliable in the discharge of his duties and is
making an excellent record in office.

HISTORY OF OREGON 185

In September, 1904, Mr. Hembree was united in marriage to Miss Clara Irvine,
and they have become the parents of a daughter, Helen, who was born September
29, 1907. He is a stanch democrat in his political views and in 1920 attended the
democratic national convention held at San Francisco, California. For two terms he
served as city recorder, proving systematic and accurate in the discharge of the duties
of that office. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks and the Woodmen of the World, and his religious faith is indicated by his mem-
bership in the Christian church. As a business man and as a public oiBcial Mr.
Hembree has made an excellent record, and his efforts have been an element in the
general development and upbuilding of this section of the state. He has passed his
entire life in Yamhill county, where he is widely known and highly respected as a
citizen of sterling worth.

WILLIAM K. SMITH.

William K. Smith of Portland reached an honored old age and had passed the
eighty-eighth milestone on life's journey ere "the weary wheels of life at length were
stilled." For forty-five years he lived in Portland, contributing in notable measure
to its development along many lines. His own business career was characteristic of
the expansion and growth of the northwest and he aided in laying broad and deep
the wide foundation upon which has been built the preseni progress and prosperity of
this section of the country. He came to the Pacific coast from Pennsylvania, his birth
having occurred in Fayette county of the latter state on the 3rd of August, 1826, his
parents being Peter and Barbara (Showalter) Smith, who were of English and Holland
Dutch descent, respectively. The father was a farmer and carpenter, who on leaving
Pennsylvania established his home in Ohio, taking up his abode on a tract of wild land
in Clermont county, and there devoting his life to farming until his removal to
Indiana. He subsequently resided at different periods in Illinois and Texas, his death
occurring in the latter state, while his wife passed away in Ohio.

William K. Smith was but six years of age when the family went to the Buckeye
state. The various removals of his parents made him a pupil in the schools of
Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois and Alabama, and later he went with the family to Texas,
where he engaged in farming until eighteen years of age. He then started out inde-
pendently and went to Alabama, where he again attended school. He was also
employed as a clerk in the mercantile establishment fo his uncle, who was also a
physician, and while Mr. Smith was earning his living as a salesman he likewise
read medicine. For five years he remained in Alabama and then located in La Grange,
Texas, where he occupied a position as clerk in a mercantile establishment and before
he left the Lone Star state had earned a cow and calf by splitting rails. With his return
to Texas he took up the live stock business, in which he engaged for some time, but
eventually sold his herd of cattle and removed to St. Louis for the purpose of im-
proving his education. Experience had brought him to a realization of the value
of education as a factor in the attainment of success and for a time he was a student
in a commercial college of St. Louis and later attended the Shurtleff College at Alton,
Illinois. He was also studying life, its opportunities and its possibilities, and while
at Shurtleff formed a company to cross the plains, believing that he might have better
opportunities on the Pacific coast, where his brother, Joseph S. Smith, was already
living. He left St. Louis with about eight head of fine cattle and horses and a few
men to assist him In the care of the stock but ere he reached his journey's end his
horses were stolen and the party had experienced considerable trouble with the
Indians while crossing the plains. Soon after reaching California Mr. Smith sold
his cattle and took up the business of mining but was unsuccessful in this venture
and opened a small store on the McCallum river. After he had been in California for
a year he visited his brother, Joseph S. Smith, who in the meantime had removed with
his family to Whidby's island in Puget Sound, Washington. It was on this trip that
he passed through Portland in 1854, at which time the city was a small town of little
commercial and industrial importance. From Portland he traveled on horseback to his
destination and after a short visit with his brother returned to Oregon, becoming a
resident of Salem, where he purchased a stock of books, paints, oils and general
merchandise from Dr. Wilson whose donation land claim was the original town site
of Salem. Mr. Smith carried on business successfully for fifteen years and it was

186 HISTORY OP OREGON

during that time that he also developed the water system of the city, bringing in an
unlimited supply of pure water from the Santa Ana river. He also extended his busi-
ness activity in various other directions, becoming the largest stockholder in the Salem
Woolen Mills, in which enterprise he became associated with J. P. Miller, H. W. Corbett,
W. S. Ladd, L. F. Grover, J. S. Smith and Daniel Waldo all of whom were numbered
among Oregon's most prominent pioneer settlers and business men. From the Salem
Woolen Mills was made the first shipment of wool sent to the east from the Pacific
coast. Associated with practically the same partners Mr. Smith built the first large
flouring mills and an immense wheat warehouse, his mills being the largest on the
coast and operated by water power from the Santa Ana river. From point to point
Mr. Smith enlarged his activities by acquiring the McMinnville Flouring Mills and
he traded to Robert Kinney his stock in the woolen mills for a ranch of a thousand
acres stocked with fine horses, and the McMinnville mills. His laudable ambition was
still unsatisfied, for opportunity was ever to him a call to action and recognizing the
fact that Portland had splendid natural advantages, which would contribute toward
making it a city of great commercial prominence, he severed his business connections
at Salem and in 1869 became a permanent resident of Portland. Here he established a
sawmill and began the manufacture of lumber, becoming eventually the owner of three
sawmills, which he operated on an extensive scale, becoming one of the leading lumber-
men of this section of the country. He was also associated with C. H. Lewis, Henry
Failing and H. W. Corbett in financing the Bull Run system of water supply for
Portland and was a member of the original water commission, thus doing a service
for the city for which future generations will need to revere his memory for years
to come. He also became a conspicuous figure in the financial circles of Portland as a
representative of the Portland Savings Bank, which was organized in ISSO, and of
which he was made a director and the vice president. He also represented the
directorate of the Commercial Bank and was the vice president and one of the
directors of the Ainsworth Bank. Portland further benefited by his labors as the
builder of a dock and warehouse on the levee north of Salmon street in 1876 and he
turned his attention to the question of urban transportation, becoming one of the
promoters of the street railway system by aiding in the organization of the old Cable
Car Company. He was also among the first to discuss and support the question of
establishing an electric line and was interested with Ben HoUaday in building the
first railway in Oregon. Mr. Smith was likewise connected with shipping interests
and became the owner of a four-masted bark, Hattie C. Bessie, which he chartered to
Chinese merchants for twenty thousand dollars for a single trip to China. A con-
temporary biographer has said of him, "His business connections were so varied and
important in Portland that it would have seemed that outside affairs could have no
claim upon his time and attention, yet he had an important agricultural interest,
owning at one time a ranch of a thousand acres in Yamhill county, stocked with fine
horses and cattle. This property he traded for the Hattie C. Bessie. While in Salem
he purchased the first bushel of apples ever sold in that city and afterward disposed
of many of the apples at a dollar each, and sold one for five dollars to D. M. Durell,
a banker and sawmill man, who said he would take the apple to the Smithsonian
Institution in Washington, for it was almost the size of a large cocoanut. Later Mr.
Smith engaged in the real estate business and sold more land for railroad terminals
than any man in Portland. He sold to J. J. Hill, the railroad magnate, realty that was
worth more than a quarter of a million dollars and he furnished the site for two parks
to the city of Portland. In 1894 he purchased Council Crest, paying fifty thousand
dollars for sixty acres." It seems that there was scarcely a phase of Portland's
business development with which Mr. Smith was not more or less closely associated
and his sound judgment, keen business enterprise and unfaltering diligence were im-
portant elements in the growth and progress of the city, as well as in the advance-
ment of his own fortunes.

In 1S64, in San Francisco, Mr. Smith wedded Miss Debbie H. Harker, a sister of
General Charles Harker, whose title was proof of his service in the Civil war. Mr.
and Mrs. Smith became parents of six children: Eugenia the wife of T. Harris Bartlett
of Idaho; William K. ; Victor H., who was a graduate of the Willamette Medical
College, the Virginia Medical College and the Medical College of New York, and who
died in 1915; Joseph H., who married Gertrude Eger; Charles H., who died when four
years of age; and Sumner, who was drowned in the Willamette river, while saving
the life of a young lady whose rescue he effected at the cost of his own life.

Mr. Smith was a man of most generous nature and gave freely to the support of

HISTORY OF OREGON 187

various churches and also to the Willamette University at Salem. He furnished the
ground upon which the Willamette Medical School in Portland is built and was ever
a stalwart friend of education. He loved literature and was familiar with many of
the best writers and was particularly fond of Pope and of Thomas Moore. He became
a life member and a director of the Portland Library Association and continued his
interest in the work after the library was taken over by the city of Portland. Death
called him January 15, 1914, when he was in the eighty-eighth year of his age. He had
accomplished his task, had played his part well and there had come to him those
things which men covet — honor, riches and a good name.

LESTER MARTIN.

Lester Martin is an enterprising and progressive business man of Newport, where
since 1913 he has been engaged in the real estate, insurance and loan business, in
which he has been very successful, being now accorded a large patronage. He was
born in Fall River, Massachusetts, February 14, 1S79, and is a son of James A. and
Elander (Fowler) Martin the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Massachu-
setts. The father became a resident of Massachusetts about 1861 and there engaged
in milling until 1882, when he returned to his native state, where he continued active
in the milling business throughout his remaining years, conducting his manufacturing
interests at Richmond and at Roanoke, Virginia. He passed away in 1909 but the
mother survives.

The son, Lester Martin, was reared in Virginia and there attended school, also
becoming a pupil in a night school at Detroit, Michigan. At the age of sixteen years
he learned the barber's trade and in 1908 sought the opportunities of the west, going
to Cheyenne, Wyoming, where for three years he was engaged in the real estate and
coal business. He then went to Vancouver, Washington, where he resided for nine,
months, and in 1913 came to Oregon establishing a real estate, loan and insurance
business at Newport, in Lincoln county, and also opening a barber shop. He has
since continued active along those lines and his enterprise, reliability and sound
business judgment are proving potent elements in his success. He is thoroughly
familiar with property values and has negotiated many important realty transfers.
His barber shop is well patronized, owing to the fact that his establishment is always
scrupulously clean and sanitary, equipped with the latest and most improved appli-
ances along that line, and the service rendered customers is flrst-class in every par-
ticular.

On the 19th of September, 1917, Mr. Martin was united in mariage to Miss Lila
L. Lewis and they have become the parents of two children, Clydia Camille and Joseph
Lester. In his political views Mr. Martin is a republican, prominent in the councils
of the party. For the past four years he has served as chairman of the republican
central committee and has also been state committeeman from Lincoln county. His
fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Woodmen
of the World, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent Protective Order
of Elks, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church.
He has won substantial success in the conduct of his business affairs and his honorable
methods have gained for him the confidence of all who have had business dealings with
him. He is widely and favorably known in the locality where he makes his home,
being recognized as a representative business man and a public-spirited citizen, loyal
to the best interests of the community.

C. F. WRIGHT.

C. F. Wright, vice president and secretary of the firm of Ballou & Wright, extensive
DistrilDutors of Automobile Equipment, is also vice president of the Lumbermen's Trust
Company and is recognized as one of the resourceful, enterprising and progressive
business men of Portland whose plans are carefully formulated and promptly executed.
He has always followed the most honorable and straightforward methods and has
therefore gained the confidence of all who have had business dealings with him. Mr.
Wright is a native of Kansas and a son of Richard and Elizabeth (Parker) Wright

188 HISTORY OF OREGON

who were born in the state of New York. When but two years of age he was taken
by his parents to Gallatin valley in Montana, where in the early days his father
became identitied with the stock industry, while later he engaged in ranching.

C. F. Wright acquired a high school education and later pursued a business course
in the State College of Montana, after which he was for a time identified with insurance
interests. In 1S96, in association with Oscar B. Ballou, his present partner, he engaged
in business in Great Falls, Montana, and after disposing of their interests at that
place they came to Oregon and in 1901 established a bicycle business at Portland.
Gradually extending their activities, they added a line of automobile accessories and
were the pioneers in that business in Portland. They have ever followed the most
progressive and reliable business methods and their trade has steadily grown from
year to year until they are now owners of one of the largest enterprises of that
character on the Pacific coast, maintaining branch establishments at Seattle and
Spokane, Washington. Their employes number one hundred people, of whom fifty are
at work in the Portland establishment — a four-story building on Broadway. The
firm has purchased a desirable site at Tenth and Flanders streets and intends to erect
within a year a modern five-story building for the conduct of their business. They
are operating on a most extensive scale, their annual business amounting to two million
dollars, ninety-five per cent of which is wholesale trade and the firm name is a synonym
for reliability and progressiveness. Mr. Wright is also interested in other enterprises,
being vice president of the Lumbermen's Trust Company and a director of the American
Security Bank at Vancouver, Washington. He is continually broadening the scope of
his activities with good results, carrying forward to successful completion everything
that he undertakes.

In 1903 Mr. Wright was united in marriage to Miss Georgia Gwynne, a former
resident of Salem and of Welsh descent, and they have become the parents of a son,
Arthur Frederick, who is now attending school. Mr. Wright is a charter member of
the State Automobile Association of which he was president in 1919 and for ten years
he has been a member of its board of directors. His interest in the welfare and up-
building of his city is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of Commerce and
he is also identified with the Portland Golf Club and the Irvington Club. He is like-
wise a prominent Mason, having attained the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite
and also belonging to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland. He has had
broad experience in a business way and has been active in pushing forward the wheels
of progress in Portland and Multnomah county. His course has been characterized by
integrity and honor in every relation and commands for him the respect and esteem
of all with whom he has been associated.

ARTHUR VAN DUSEN, M. D.

Dr. Arthur Van Dusen, a leading physician of Astoria, was born in the place of his
present residence on the 7th of December, 1S86. He is a descendant of a fine old Dutch
family, his grandfather having been Adam Van Dusen, who settled in New York state
in the days of Heinrich Hudson and who crossed the plains by ox team in 1849 on
his way to Astoria to join friends who had settled in the fur trading post established
by another member of the New York Dutch colony at Astoria. Adam Van Dusen
engaged as a merchant at the Astor trading post long before the city of Astoria became
a reality. A son of Adam Van Dusen was Brenham Van Dusen, who was born in
Astoria and still resides there, one of the city's most highly respected citizens. He
married Fannie L. Dickinson, a member of a family of Virginia planters, her imme-
diate ancestors coming to Oregon in the early days. Among the children born of this
union was Arthur Van Dusen, whose name initiates this review.

Dr. Arthur Van Dusen received his preliminary education in the grade and high
schools of Astoria and in due time entered the University of Oregon, from which he
was graduated in 1910. Upon deciding on a medical career he attended the North-
western Medical College at Chicago, receiving his diploma in 1914. His first profes-
sional experience was obtained in the Mercy Hospital of Chicago, where he remained
for eighteen months under the late Dr. John B. Murphy, one of America's eminent
surgeons. In 1916 Dr. Van Dusen returned to his home in Astoria and opening an
office was soon enjoying an excellent practice, which was interrupted by the outbreak
of the World war. Dr. Van Dusen volunteered as surgeon in the United States navy

DR. ARTHUR VAN DUSEN

HISTORY OF OREGON 191

and served with the commission of senior lieutenant. For twenty months he was
chief surgeon at the Bremerton (Wash.) Navy Yard and this, with a cruise as surgeon
of the United States Battleship Idaho, served as a postgraduate course. At the end
of the war he returned to Astoria and resumed his practice, which has grown to
extensive proportions. Although the practice of Dr. Van Dusen is general, the greater
percentage of his work is surgery. Dr. Van Dusen has never married.

Fraternally Dr. Van Dusen is a Mason, having attained the thirty-second degree
Of the Scottish Rite and is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, and belongs to the Elks.
In the Greek letter fraternities he is a member of Sigma Nu, a literary fraternity, and
Of Nu Sigma Nu, a medical fraternity. In civic affairs he takes a prominent part,
being a member of the Chamber of Commerce and being appreciative of the social
amenities of life he is identified with many of the important clubs and social organiza-
tions of the city. In the line of his profession. Dr. Van Dusen is a member of the
Clatsop County Medical Society, the Oregon Medical Society and the American Medical
Association. Dr. Van Dusen is popular both in and out of the profession and is a man
any community would be proud to claim' as a citizen.

MATTHEW HALE DOUGLASS.

Matthew Hale Douglass, librarian of the University of Oregon at Eugene, is a native
of Iowa, his birth having occurred in Osage, Mitchell county, on the 16th of September,
1874. He is a son of the Rev. T. 0. and Maria (Greene) Douglass, the former a Congre-
gational minister. Mr. Douglass received the Bachelor of Arts degree from Grinnell
College in 1895, while in 1898 that institution conferred upon him the degree of
Master of Arts. His educational training well qualified him for the duties of librarian
of Grinnell College, which position he filled from 1899 until 1908. In the latter year he
was appointed librarian of the University of Oregon, and in this responsible position
he is still serving. He is thoroughly efficient and capable in the discharge of the duties
which devolve upon him in this connection and is a man of high intellectual attain-
ments.

At Lexington, Nebraska, on the 25th of June, 1905, Mr. Douglass was united in
marriage to Miss Minnie Griswold, a daughter of Ira P. and Lucy M. Griswold and a
graduate of the Oberlin Conservatory of Music. Mrs. Douglass is a member of the
faculty of the Oregon School of Music, having charge of the children's work in Piano.
Mr. Douglass is independent in his political views and his religious faith is indicated
by his membership in the Congregational church.

JOHN P. COOLEY.

John P. Cooley, postmaster of Brownsville, to which office he was appointed in
1914, is one of the native sons of Oregon, for he was born near Woodburn, in Marion
county, December 29, 1S52, his parents being Jackson and Harriet L. (Dimmick) Cooley
the former born in Missouri and the latter in Illinois. In 1845 the father crossed the
plains from Clay county, Missouri, to Oregon, the journey being made with ox teams.
He was accompanied by two brothers and a sister and upon reaching this state he
settled in Marion county, taking up a government claim, and upon this land a portion
of the town of Woodburn is now located. He cleared and developed his claim and con-
tinued its operation until 1S70, when he sold out and removed to Salem, where he lived
retired throughout the remainder of his life. He passed away August 16, 1884, at the
age of sixty-seven years and the mother's demise occurred in March, 1892, when she
was fifty-seven years of age. They were honored pioneers of the state and were greatly
esteemed and respected in their community.

Their son, John P. Cooley, pursued his education in the district schools of Marion
county and in the high school of Belle Passi. After completing his school work he was
employed in the woolen mills at Salem, Oregon City and Brownsville, Oregon, from
the time he was eighteen years of age until about 1913, and during that period he also
engaged in farming to some extent. On the 12th of September, 1879, he removed to
Brownsville and has since resided in this vicinity. In 1914 he was appointed postmaster
of Brownsville and is now serving in that capacity, discharging the duties of that office

192 HISTOKY OF OREGON

with promptness and efficiency. He still has farming interests, owning twenty-seven
and a half acres of land within the city limits of Brownsville, and this he leases to
good advantage. He is alert, energetic and capable in the management of his business
affairs and is known as a man of thorough reliability and integrity.

On the 28th of November, 1875, Mr. Cooley was united in marriage to Miss Sarah
E. Cole, and they became the parents of three children, namely: Oleti P., who for the
past ten years has been engaged in teaching school in Portland, Oregon; Albert
Sidney, a prominent attorney of Enterprise, Oregon; and Florence M., who became
the wife of R. H. Jonas and resides at Forest Grove, Oregon. The wife and mother
passed away August 1, 1910, after an illness of eighteen years and her loss was deeply-
felt by the members of her household.

In his political views Mr. Cooley is a democrat and he has taken an active and
prominent part in public affairs of his community, serving as mayor, councilman and
school director, in which connections he rendered important and valuable service to his
city. Fraternally he is identified with the United Artisans and the Masons and in
religious faith he is a Baptist. He has always been loyal to any public trust reposed In
him and puts forth every effort for the benefit and upbuilding of the city in which he
makes his home. From pioneer times he has resided within the borders of Oregon and
his career has ever been such as has reflected credit and honor upon the state.

HOMER T. SHAVER.

Homer T. Shaver, assistant manager of the Shaver Transportation Company, was
born in Portland, August 27, 1891, and is a son of George M. Shaver, who is mentioned
at length on another page of this work. Homer T. Shaver is of the third generation of
the family resident in Portland. He was educated in the common schools and after-
ward attended the Allen preparatory school at Portland, while from Pacific University
at Forest Grove, Oregon, he won his Bachelor of Arts degree in June, 1913. He next
entered the George Washington University at "Washington, D. C, and won his LL. B.
degree in June, 1916, after which he returned to Portland and practiced law for two
years with the firm of McDougal, McDougal & Shaver. Following the declaration of war
he made every effort to get across but on account of the condition of his eyes was not
accepted. However, he entered the shipyards at Vancouver, Washington, as employ-
ment manager and was largely responsible for the upbuilding of the organization, as he
hired all of the men for all of the yards and had four thousand men working in the
two wood and one steel shipbuilding yards when he resigned his position in February,
1918, to become outfitting foreman for the yards. In this position he outfitted fifteen
ships with all necessary materials. He was in the employ of the G. M. Standifer Construc-
tion Corporation when occupying the position of employment manager and It was
through this association that he became interested in a newly patented steering gear
for steam or motor vessels invented by Peter A. Johnson, foreman of maintenance work,
and A. C. Fries, foreman of the machine shop, both of the Standifer Corporation. It is
a Hew departure in mechanical steering gear, consisting of a device for controlling the
rudder by air pressure instead of by steam, as is tlie general practice at the present
time. The device has been installed on the Shaver Transportation Company's steamer
Henderson, where it is being tried out and perfected. An official test run was recently
made with a party of experts aboard, who were unanimous in their approval of the
device. The attractive feature of this is its extreme simplicity. The vital parts of
the mechanism consist only of an air compressor, pipe lines and a pair of steel cylin-
ders which contain pistons connected directly with a transverse arm immovably fixed
to the rudder stock. By the movement of a small hand lever in the pilotehouse, air
under pressure is admitted to the cylinders, pressing on the forward end of one piston
and the after end of the other at the same time, so that the rudder is quickly brought
to any desired position. The vibration of the rudder in the stream from the propeller
or wash of heavy seas is all absorbed by the cushions of compressed air in the cylin-
ders. To market this device the Johnson-Fries Marine Construction Company haa
been formed, of which Mr. Johnson is the president, Mr. Fries the vice president,
J. C. Neill the secretary-treasurer and Homer T. Shaver the business manager. Other
directors of the company are G. M. Shaver, A. E. Crittenden and J. C. Neill.

In June, 1920, Homer T. Shaver was called to his present position as assistant
manager of the Shaver Transportation Company and has thus become an official In

HISTORY OP OREGON 193

an organization that has been a most potent force in connection with marine transporta-
tion in the northwest through many decades.

On the 17th of October, 1918, Mr. Shaver was married to Miss Florence Jacobson of
Portland, and to them has been born a daughter, Catherine Susan, who is now in her
second year. Mr. Shaver is a Mason in his fraternal relations and belongs to the
Multnomah Club and to several college fraternities, including the Sigma Chi and the
Phi Delta Phi, the latter an honorary legal fraternity. During his college days he was
captain of the college eleven and won twelve monograms in three years — something
never achieved before. Basket-ball was the game in which he was most interested and
most proficient. His time and energies are now largely concentrated upon his business
affairs and he is regarded as an unusually alert, enterprising and capable young man
— one whose future career will undoubtedly be well worth watching.

STEPHEN P. BACH.

Stephen P. Bach, president of the First National Bank of Lebanon and also con-
nected with mercantile interests as president of the firm of Bach-Buhl & Company,
engaged in general merchandising in Lebanon, is a native of Germany, his birth
having occurred at Hoch Hansen, June 27, 1860. His parents Joseph and Rosalia
(Bartlemay) Bach, were likewise natives of Germany, where the father engaged in
merchandising during the greater part of his life. He passed away in March, 1892,
and the mother survived him for but a month her death occurring in April of that year.

Stephen P. Bach was reared and educated in Germany and after his testbooks
were put aside he was employed for two years as clerk in a lumber-yard. In 1880,
when twenty years of age, he crossed the ocean to the United States, becoming a
resident of Cleveland, Ohio, where he remained for one and a half years. He then
came to Oregon and for two years worked on a farm near Salem after which he was
for four years employed in a grocery store conducted by John Hughes. In 1890 he
came to Lebanon and engaged in general merchandising, in which he has continued,
admitting George H. Buhl as a partner in 1904. Mr. Bach later became connected
with and was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Lebanon in 1907, at
which time he was made vice president of the institution. In 1912 the bank was
reorganized and Mr. Bach became its president, in which capacity he has since served,
most capably directing its affairs. He is a man of sound judgment and keen dis-
crimination and under his management the business of the bank has steadily grown
along substantial lines until it is today recognized as one of the sound financial
institutions of this part of the state. It is capitalized for fifty thousand, its sur-
plus and undivided profits amount to sixteen thousand five hundred and four dollars
and its deposits have reached the sum of seven hundred and thirty-nine thousand,
four hundred and seventy-two dollars. The officers of the bank are: S. P. Bach,
president, J. C. Mayer, vice president, and Alex Power, cashier, and all are thor-
oughly reliable business men of this section of the state. Mr. Bach is also a stock-
holder in the Lebanon Light & Water Company and the Pacific States Fire In-
surance Company and in addition he owns considerable city property and from these
various lines of activity is deriving a most gratifying Income. In all that he does he
manifests a progressive spirit. He does not fear to venture where favoring opportunity
leads the way and opportunity is ever to him a call to action.

In January 1891, Mr. Bach was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Sheridan, a
daughter of John and Kate (Michaelburg) Sheridan, the former a native of Canada
and the latter of Wisconsin. Her father became one of the pioneers of Oregon, having
come to this state fifty years ago, and here he spent the remainder of his life, engaging
in the occupation of farming in Linn county. He passed away in 1916 but the mother
survives. Mr. and Mrs. Bach have become the parents of a daughter, Bessie Louise,
who was born in November, 1893, and is yet at home.

Mr. Bach is a democrat in his political views and has taken a prominent part
in public affairs of his locality, serving as mayor of Lebanon, as a member of the
city council and also on the school board and in each of these connections has rendered
important and valuable services to the city. Fraternally he is identified with the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and in religious faith he is a Catholic. In the
conduct of his business affairs he has displayed sound judgment and his energy and
enterprise have gained him recognition as one of the substantial and valued citizens

Vol. 11—13

194 HISTORY OP OREGON

of his part of the state. Untiring in his activity for the public good and ever actuated
by high and honorable purposes in all relations of life, his labors have been far-reach-
ing and resultant.

BENJAMIN GARDNER WHITEHOUSE.

Character and ability are the qualities which make a man honored and which
command for him the respect and confidence of others. The attainment of wealth has
never, save in a few rare instances, caused a man's name to be inscribed on the pages
of history. By reason of his fidelity to the highest standards of manhood and citizen-
ship Ben.iamin Gardner Whitehouse won the good will and high regard of those with
whom he came in contact and Portland long numbered him among her valued citizens.
Mr. Whitehouse was a native of Boston, Massachusetts, born December 5, 1834. When
he was but four years of age the family home was established at Vassalboro, Maine,
where six years later the mother passed away and five years afterward the father
died, leaving him an orphan at the age of fifteen years. He went to live with his
uncle. Captain Reuben Weeks, whose kind care, insofar as possible, made up to him
the loss of his parents. He attended the district school in the winter months and
in the summer seasons assisted the uncle in the work of the farm until he reached
the age of eighteen years and then went to Boston in 1852, finding employment in
an accounting house. Ambitious to improve his education he attended a private com-
mercial college in the evening. A year after his arrival in Boston he was advanced
to the position of bookkeeper by the firm of Door, Proctor & Company and in the
fall of 1856 the firm sent him to the lumber districts of Wisconsin to take charge of
the manufacture and shipment of lumber from Green Bay to Milwaukee and Chicago.
There were many things in frontier life that did not appeal to Mr. Whitehouse and
after two years he returned to Boston but soon made another change, owing to the
influence of friends who had gone to California and wrote him glowing accounts of
the opportunities on the coast.

In February, 1859, he started for San Francisco, journeying by steamer to Panama,
thence by land to the western coast and arriving in San Francisco, March 22, 1S59.
He did not find conditions there as he had anticipated and made his way northward
to Portland where he arrived May 22, 1859.

Through the intervening years to the time of his demise Mr. Whitehouse con-
tinued to be a resident of the Rose City and for many years has been prominently
known in its business circles. He was first employed as hotel clerk by S. N. Arrigoni,
with whom he continued as long as Mr. Arrigoni remained in the hotel business.
With the completion of the overland stage route between Portland and Sacramento
he was appointed agent for the company and cashier for Oregon. With the building
of the first railroad into Portland and the discontinuance of the stage line he sought
other employment and in September, 1S66, became connected with the Portland Gas
Light Company and the Portland Water Company, continuing with both during their
existence. He was one of the incorporators of the former and remained a director and
cashier of the company until it sold out. The Portland Water Works sold its plant
to the city in 1886 and in the later years of his life Mr. Whitehouse was connected
with the Portland Gas & Coke Company. Another biographer writing of Mr. White-
house before his death said: "It would be difficult in the space necessarily allotted
in a publication of this character to do justice to a life such as is briefly outlined
above. Mr. Whitehouse is a pioneer not of ordinary type and yet possessing many
of the characteristics that led to the settlement of the west and the erection of a
civilization that is the wonder of the world. In him were born and bred the gentler
virtues — the virtues that have softened the asperities of harsher natures, whose mis-
sion it has been to make the rough places smooth, while the mission of men like Mr.
Whitehouse has been to present living examples of the higher traits that embellish
civilization and make home a synonym for tenderness and love. Both sorts of men
are necessary and both have nobly performed their work. Their monument is written
in enduring characters in the hearts of tens of thousands now living in happy homes
and who recognize that to the pioneers they owe the blessings they enjoy today."

Mr. Whitehouse was married December 15, 1858, to Clara Bradley Homans, the
eldest daughter of Harrison and Sarah B. (Bradley) Homans of Vassalboro, Maine,
the former born in the Pine Tree state and the latter in Massachusetts.

BENJAMIN G. WHITEHOUSE

HISTORY OF OREGON 197

Not long after his marriage Mr. Whitehouse started for the coast, leaving his wife
in Boston until he could arrange to have a home for her to join him. In 1862 she
came to Portland. They became the parents of five children: Harry A., who died in
1864, when but a year old; May Elizabeth, the wife of Henry S. Hostetter, a major
in the United States army; Gertrude, the wife of Edward Cookingham, president
of the Ladd & Tilton Bank, and they are the parents of Prescott W. and Holt W. Cook-
ingham; Clara Homans, the wife of Edward L. Brown, comptroller and treasurer of
the Northern Pacific Terminal Company of Portland and they are the parents of two
children, Kathleen and Gardner; and Morris H., a prominent architect of Portland,
who married Grace R. Reed of Boston, Massachusetts. Major and Mrs. Hostetter have
two children, Patience and Marian S., who are with their parents, the major now
being stationed at Washington, D. C.

Mr. Whitehouse passed away May 9, 1912. He was always devoted to his family
and found his greatest happiness at his own fireside. He was very prominently known
in Masonic circles and upon him was conferred the honorary thirty-third degree. He
was the first secretary and first candidate entered, passed and raised in Portland
Lodge, No. 55, A. F. & A. M., after its organization, which lodge is now the largest
in the state. He served as secretary of the lodge twelve years, secretary of Portland
Royal Arch Chapter for four years, secretary of Oregon Commandery, K. T., for eighteen
years and of the Scottish Rite bodies for twelve years. He was grand treasurer of
the Grand Commandery of the Knights Templar for eighteen years, past almoner and
treasurer of the Oregon Consistory for sixteen years and had served as first and only
recorder of Al Kader Temple for twenty-two years. He was elected a life member
of Oregon Commandery, K. T., in 1908 and for faithful services as grand treasurer of
the Grand Commandery the honorary title of past commander was conferred upon him
in 1908. He was coronated thirty-third degree Mason by the Supreme Council in
Washington, D. C, January 18, 1893. Judged by every standard Mr. Whitehouse was
a man whom to know was to esteem and honor and the sterling worth of his character
constituted an example that might well be followed and that has caused his memory
to be enshrined in the hearts of all who knew him.

WILiilAM H. RICKARD.

William H. Rickard of Benton county, is a native son of Oregon, his birth having
occurred in the county where he now resides on the 1st of September, 1872. He is a
son of Samuel and Susan J. (Banton) Rickard, the former born in Indiana and the latter
in Missouri. In 1852 the father crossed the plains with his parents to Oregon, the family
settling in Benton county, where the grandfather of William H. Rickard took up a
homestead claim, which he cleared and developed, continuing its operation for many
years. At length he removed to Junction City, Oregon, where he lived retired until his
demise at the advanced age of ninety years. His wife passed away in 1915 at the
venerable age of ninety-one years. Their son, Samuel Rickard, was educated in the
schools of Benton county and on starting out in life for himself he took up the occu-
pation of farming, engaging in the cultivation of one of his father's places and also
operating rented land, continuing active along that line until his death, which occurred
in 1891, when he was forty-one years of age. He had survived his wife for three years,
her demise having occurred in 1888, at which time she had reached the age of thirty-
eight years.

William H. Rickard was reared in Benton county and there attended school, gradu-
ating from the Bellfontain high school. For one year he was a student at the Oregon
Agricultural College and subsequently operated rented land for a few years until he
was able to purchase a stock ranch in Benton county. In June, 1908, he was elected
county assessor of Benton county and as the work of the oflSce did not require all of
his attention he also devoted part of his time to the operation of his ranch. He was a
courteous and obliging oSicial, thoroughly fitted for the work of the office, into which
he introduced a number of new methods which greatly facilitated the discharge of his
duties. He displayed rare qualities as a public oflicial and that his services found favor
with the public is indicated in the fact that reelection had made him the incumbent
in the position for twelve years. He is careful, systematic and progressive in the
management of his farm and his stock-raising interests are important and profitable.

On the 12th of August, 1894, Mr. Rickard was united in marriage to Miss Ida

198 HISTORY OF OREGON

Purdy, a daughter of William and Julia (Johnson) Purdy, the former a native of
New York and the latter of Lane county. Oregon. Her father emigrated to the west
and engaged in the cultivation of a large hop yard in the vicinity of Coburg, Oregon,
being very successful in his operations along that line. He has passed away, but the
mother survives and is now a resident of Lebanon, Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Rickard have
become the parents of three children, namely; Clive H., Harvey L. and Elvin E. They
are also rearing a child, William R. Purdy, who is now fifteen years of age, upon
whom they are bestowing parental kindness and affection.

In his political views Mr. Rickard is a democrat and his fraternal connections are
with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Loyal Order
of Moose and the Woodmen of the World, while his wife is a member of the Women
of Woodcraft. He is likewise identified with the Grange and thus keeps in touch with
the advancement that is being made in methods of agriculture and stock raising. Mr.
Rickard is a typical western man, wide-awake, alert and enterprising, and his career
has been marked by steady advancement, due to his close application, his unremitting
energy and his reliability. His lite has ever been guided by high and honorable prin-
ciples and he is loyal to all those interests which make for honorable manhood and pro-
gressive citizenship.

W. N. DANIELS.

W. N. Daniels, a dealer in produce in Portland, where he has built up a business
of substantial and gratifying proportions, was born in western New York, December 18,
1861, and is a son of John Quincy Adams Daniels, who removed from New England to
New York and in the Empire state followed the occupation of farming until his death,
which occurred when his son, W. N. Daniels of this review, was but three years of age.
The mother bore the maiden name of Mary Ann Barker and was born on the Hudson
river in New York but passed away before the removal of Mr. Daniels of this review
to the west, in the spring of 1891.

Having spent his tirst three decades in New York W. N. Daniels then sought the
opportunities of the new and growing west, making his way to Kettle Falls, about one
hundred miles north of Spokane, Washington. He remained there for only two nights,
for he found the weather twenty degrees below zero and could not stand the severe cold.
Accordingly he removed to Tacoma and thence to Olympia, where he met several old
friends who years before had been his schoolmates, among these being Judge Milo Root
and Carey Lattin.

It was on the 4th of July, 1891, that Mr. Daniels arrived in Portland and here
turned his attention to the apple packing business in the Willamette valley, while later
he established the La Grande Creamery in Portland on the 1st of December, 1891,
with headquarters at 12 Front street, purchasing supplies of butter, eggs and cheese for
sale in the retail market. In 1893, in company with T. W. Russell, he established busi-
ness on Yamhill street and after a time took over the interest of his partner. In 1914
the building which he had been occupying was torn down and he removed to his present
location at the corner of First and Yamhill streets. Here he handles butter, eggs.
cheese and smoked meats. In 1901 he was Joined by his brother, John Quincy Adams
Daniels, who came from the east, where he had formerly engaged in mercantile pur-
suits and in the bond business, but for the past nineteen years he has been associated
with his brother in the produce business in Portland. He is a man of fine stature, over
six feet In height. On the 10th of June, 1890, he married Louise Dawson, a native of
Louisville, Kentucky, but at that time a resident of Buffalo. New York. They are the
parents of one son, John Quincy Adams Daniels, Jr., now twenty-four years of age,
who for two years was overseas as a member of the Ninety-first Division, Three Hun-
dred and Sixty-third Field Ambulance Corps. He participated in the terrible battle
of the Argonne forest and had his medical kit shot off his hip. He was with the
Ninety-first Division when the troops went over the top on the 26th of September, 1918.
He joined Uncle Sam's forces as a medical student and came out as a corporal. At
the time he enlisted he was studying to be a physician at the University of California
and since his return has resumed his Interrupted studies and will graduate In the
spring of 1921. His parents are most keenly interested in everything that is of Interest
to their son, the family relation being almost more that of people of kindred age than
of parent and child.

HISTORY OF OREtiOX 199

Both W. N. and J. Q. A. Daniels are now well known In the business circles of
Portland, where they have long occupied a prominent and enviable position, their suc-
cess being attributable entirely to their close application, their progressive methods,
their alertness and their enterprise. For three decades W. N. Daniels has been identified
with the northwest, so that he has witnessed much of its development, and as the
years have passed his aid has always been given to the work of general progress and
improvement as well as to the upbuilding of his own fortunes.

JOHN H. CARSON.

John H. Carson, who since 1920 has served as district attorney of Marion county,
is ably discharging his duties in this connection, for his knowledge of the law is com-
prehensive and exact and he is most capably looking after the interests of the public.
He is one of Oregon's native sons, his birth having occurred in Salem, November 2,
1894. His father, John A. Carson, was born in Lurgan, Ireland, and emigrated to
Canada, whence he made his way to Salem, Oregon, in 188S. While residing in Canada
he was admitted to the bar and on coming to Oregon he was admitted to the bar on
motion. He became one of the leading members of the bar of the state and one of his
most notable cases was that In which he defended E. C. Hasey in the famous Guggen-
heim railroad case in Alaska, around which Rex Beach built his story entitled "The
Iron Trail. " Mr. Carson also became prominent in public affairs, serving as a member
of the state senate from 1911 until 1913. In Toronto, Canada, he married H^en Fraser
:.nd they became the parents of five children: Mrs. Hugh C. McCammon, Catherine C.
John H., Allen G. and Wallace P. Mr. Carson passed away at Salem on the 7th of
December, 1916. His widow survives and is yet a resident of this city.

Their son, John H. Carson, attended the public schools of Salem and Mount Angel
College, later becoming a student at Willamette University, where he won his LL. B.
degree upon the completion of a law course. He also studied law in his father's office,
which he now occupies, being a member of the firm of Carson and Brown, the Junior
partner having also been associated with Mr. Carson's father in practice. They have
been very successful in the trial of cases and have been accorded a good clientage. Mr.
Carson is a strong and able lawyer, clear and concise in his presentation of a case,
logical in his deductions and sound in his reasoning, while in the application of legal
principles he is seldom, if ever, at fault. His fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth
and ability, called him to public office and in 1920 he was elected district attorney of
Mirion county, in which capacity he Is now serving, his official record being a most
creditable one, characterized by conscientious and efficient work In behalf of the public.

In October, 1920, Mr. Carson was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle Jane Albright,
a representative of one of the old and prominent families of Clackamas county. Fra-
ternally he is identified with the Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks. Although one of the younger members of the legal fraternity,
he is making continuous and rapid progress in his profession and is proving a worthy
successor of his father, being endowed with much of the talent and legal acumen pos-
sessed by the latter. When but twenty-one years of age he was admitted to the bar
of Salem and some time before this had successfully passed the required examination,
thus indicating his unusual mental attainments. He holds to high standards in pro-
fessional service, has great respect for the dignity of his calling and zealously devotes
his energies to hs profession. He is nccounted one of Salem's most valued citizens
and enjoys the esteem and regard of a large circle of friends.

GEORGE A. WILHELM.

George A. Wilhelm, member of the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons, automobile dealers
of Junction City and also engaged in the operation of flour mills, is a native son of
Oregon, his birth having occurred at Monroe, in Benton county. May 14, 1884. He is
a son of Adam and Elizabeth (Miller) Wilhelm, the former a native of Germany, while
the latter was born in Metz, France. When a child the father was brought to America
by his parents, who located in Wisconsin, where the grandfather of George A. Wilhelm
engaged in the hotel business. In the early '708 he came to Oregon, settling at Monroe,

200 HISTORY OF OREGON

Benton county, and here he continued to make his home until his demise. His son,
Adam Wilhelm, was reared and educated in Wisconsin and in the late '60s came to
Oregon, first hecoming a resident ot Corvallis, remaining there for two years and then
removing to Monroe. There he engaged in general merchandising and also conducted
a grain business and is still active along those lines, now operating under the firm
style of A. Wilhelm & Sons. They also have flour mills and are extensively engaged in
the automobile business, being proprietors of a large garage at Junction City, and are
likewise maintaining establishments of that character at Corvallis and Monroe, Oregon.
Mr. Wilhelm has thus become a prominent and successful business man of his part of the
state and is highly respected in the community where he resides. The mother is de-
ceased, her demise having occurred in California in 1915.

Their son, George A. Wilhelm, was reared and educated at Monroe, Oregon, complet-
ing his studies at Columbia University of Portland, after which he was for two years
connected with the Title & Trust Company of that city. In 1908 he became manager of
the Junction City Milling Company, operated by the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons, and is
now acting in that capacity. In the above mentioned year they also established an
automobile business at Junction City, of which Mr. Wilhelm acts as manager, and
under his able direction the business has enjoyed a continuous growth, branch estab-
lishments being maintained at Corvallis and Monroe, Oregon. They are agents for the
Overland and Dodge cars and in 1920 erected a fine modern garage one hundred by one
hundred and twenty-five feet in dimensions. They are recognized as thoroughly reliable^
business men and their progressive methods and excellent service have secured for them
a large patronage. They are also extensively interested in farm lands in Lane and Ben-
ton countiee, from which they derive a substantial source of revenue.

In June, 1910, Mr. Wilhelm was united in marriage to Miss Evelyn Martin of Monroe,
Oregon, and they have become the parents of three children: Margaret E., who was born
June 12, 1912; George A., Jr., born June 30, 1917; and Mary A., whose birth occurred
on the 30th of October, 1919.

Mr. Wilhelm gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Catholic church, while his fraternal connec-
tions are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus.
He is a man of high personal standing, of marked business integrity and ability, and
the sterling worth of his character is recognized by all with whom he has been
associated.

LESTER MARTIN LEHRBACH, M. D.

Although one of the youngest members of his profession in Douglas county, Lester
Martin Lehrbach is readily conceded to be one of the leading physicians and surgeons,
and he has built up a practice so extensive that it covers the entire county. He was
born in Wisconsin, a son ot Nicholas and Delia M. (Kidder) Lehrbach, his father
being a native of Buffalo, New York, where his great-grandfather settled many years
ago and where he became known as one of the most successful ot old-time merchants
in Erie county. The grandfather of our subject was a pioneer ot Minnesota, settling at
Red Wing, and there it was that Nicholas Lehrbach resided until his removal with
his family to Wisconsin. There he is still living and is acting as an official of the United
States government.

Dr. Lester Martin Lehrbach received his primary education in the public schools
of Wisconsin and his higher training at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, from
which institution he entered the Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago.
After graduating in 1906 with the degree of M. D., he went to La Crosse, Wisconsin,
where he served as an interne at St. Francis Hospital. In 1907 he located in Oregon
and practiced in Junction City for five years. While there he was elected to the city
council and was president of the Commercial Club. Failing health caused his retire-
ment from practice for about a year and upon recovering he located in Roseburg in
1913 and there he has practiced continuously since. He has built up an extensive
practice and while it is now general he is in a sense a specialist and hopes at some
future time to devote himself to surgery of the brain and nervous system, in which
branch he promises a brilliant future.

In the line of his profession Dr. Lehrbach is a member of the Southern Oregon
Medical Society, the Oregon State Medical Society and the American Medical Associa-

DR. LESTER M. LEHRBACH

HISTORY OF OREGON 203

tion. Along fraternal lines he is a Mason, being past master o£ the blue lodge, a
Knights Templar and a Shriner, and he is likewise an Elk and an Odd Fellow. During
the World war Dr. Lehrbach was very active in war drives and other patriotic move-
ments. The duties of good citizenship do not rest lightly upon the shoulders of Dr.
Lehrbach and he does all in his power toward the betterment of the general welfare
of the community. He is an earnest student of his profession, keeps in touch with its
advancement and employs the most modern methods in his practice.

NEWTON CRABTREE.

Newton Crabtree, an honored pioneer of Oregon and a representative of one of its
oldest families, his parents having arrived in this state in 1845, is now engaged in
cultivating a tract of fifty acres of rich and arable land three miles south of Scio. He
was born near The Dalles, Oregon, October 22, 1845, and is a son of John J. and Melinda
(Yeary) Crabtree, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Kentucky. At an
early day the father went to Missouri, where he resided for about five years, and in
1845 he started from Independence, that state, for Oregon, traveling with ox teams and
wagons. The party set out on their journey in May and it was not until November that
they arrived in Vancouver, Washington. Upon their arrival at The Dalles they con-
structed a raft, upon which they placed their seven wagons, and in that manner pro-
ceeded down the Columbia river to Vancouver. They spent the winter in Yamhill
county, Oregon, and in the following spring made their way to Linn county, where the
father took up a donation land claim. He at once set about the arduous task of clear-
ing and developlEg his land and after many years of persistent and unremitting labor
he succeeded in bringing his farm to a high state of productivity, becoming the owner
of a most valuable property. He was one of the real builders of the west, who bravely
endured all the hardships and privations of frontier life and aided in laying broad and
deep the foundation upon which has been built the present progress and prosperity
of the country. He became a man of prominence in his community and it was in his
honor that the town of Crabtree was subsequently named. He reared a family of fif-
teen children, five of whom were born in Virginia, five in Missouri and five in Oregon,
and six of his sons participated in the Washington and Rogue River Indian wars. The
twin brother of the subject of this review was Jasper Crabtree, who died about 1890.
The father passed away on the 28th of March, 1892, at the venerable age of ninety-two
years, while the mother survived him for six years, her demise occurring in 1898, when
she had reached the advanced age of ninety years. They were truly cast in heroic
mold. Braving the dangers of the unknown west they courageously faced the hard-
ships and privations of that long and arduous journey, devoting their lives to the
redemption of the Pacific coast region and counting no sacrifice too great that was
made for the benefit of their home locality.

Newton Crabtree was reared and educated in Linn county and has here spent his
life. He attended district school, the schoolhouse being a log cabin, for the country
was then wild and undeveloped and the Indians far outnumbered the white settlers.
On reaching mature years he took up the occupation of farming, cultivating a tract
of land which his father had given him. This he further improved and developed
and subsequently purchased additional land, but later disposed of the greater portion
of his holdings, retaining fifty acres, which he is now operating. He has ever followed
the most progressive methods in the cultivation of the soil and his unabating energy
and well directed efforts have won for him a substantial measure of success. His land
is rich and productive and its value is much enhanced by a small stream which runs
through the farm and which was named Crabtree creek in honor of his father.

In October, 1871, Mr. Crabtree was united in marriage to Miss Frances Wilson
and they became the parents of five children: Fred, who died November 26, 1894;
Nellie, whose demise occurred on the 4th of March, 1906; Maggie, who is the wife of
Frank Sommer, a farmer of Linn county; Flo, who married C. C. Smith and resides
in Portland, Oregon; and May, the wife of Arthur Lettenmaier of Oregon City. The
wife and mother died November 16, 1915, after an illness of six months, and on the
9th of February, 1920, Mr. Crabtree was married to Emma Bann.

In his political views Mr. Crabtree is a democrat and he has taken an active part
in public affairs of his community, serving for many years as a member of the school
board, while for a quarter of a century he acted as clerk of that body. Fraternally

204 HISTORY OP OREGON

he is identified witli the Indepedent Order of Odd Fellows, which order he joined on
the 3d of November. 18S0, and his religious faith is indicated hy his membership in
the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the Oregon Pioneers Society
and is one of the oldest residents of the state, having spent the entire period of his
life, covering seventy-five years, within its borders. He remembers when the country
was wild and undeveloped, with only a few scattered dwellings to show that the seeds
of civilization had been planted. The passing years have brought their influx of
settlers, and with interest he has watched changing events and in considerable measure
has contributed to the development of the community, his aid and influence being ever
on the side of progress and improvement. He has led a busy, active and useful life
and is widely known and universally honored.

BUSHROD WASHINGTON WILSON.

Those forces which have contributed most to the development, improvement and
benefit of the state of Oregon received an impetus from the labors of Bushrod Wash-
ington Wilson, whose name is written high on the roll of the honored dead who were
among the builders and promoters of the great northwest. He was distinctively a
man of affairs and one who wielded a wide influence. Persistency of purpose and
unfaltering enterprise enabled him to accomplish his purpose where men of less resolute
spirit would have failed and in all that he undertook he was actuated by high ideals
that sought the benefit of his home locality and of the state at large.

Mr. Wilson was born at Columbia Falls, Maine, July IS, 1S24, and came of a long
line of hardy forbears. The first representative of the Wilson family in America was
Gowan Wilson, who in the year 1657 emigrated to this country from Scotland, while
on the maternal side the ancestral record is traced back to the Pineo family of French
Huguenots, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1617. Mr. Wilson's maternal grandmother,
Eliza Pineo, was a cousin of Captain Robert Gray of Boston, who on the 11th of May,
1792, sailed his ship into the great waterway of the west, to which he gave the name
Columbia river. Gladly and devoutly she welcomed the explorer home and she ever
afterward held the hope that some one of her descendants might journey hence and
explore and aid in the development of that vast unknown portion of our continent later
to be known as the Oregon territory.

When Bushrod W. Wilson was ten years old his father removed with his family
to New York city, where he engaged in business as a millwright. Bushrod, or "Bush,"
as he was called, displayed his energetic spirit by obtaining employment as an office
boy, first working for Commodore Vanderbilt and later for Horace Greeley, and many
times, at the end of a hard day's work in the editorial oflices of the old Courier and
Enquirer, predecessor to the New York Tribune, he slept with Mr. Greeley on bales
of scrap paper in the press rooms of that publication. During this period Samuel F.
B. Morse maintained a small, dark office for experimental purposes in the building in
which the boy was employed and taking a notion to Bushrod he exhibited to the boy
the first model of the telegraph invention which was soon afterward to electrify the
world and change the course of communication the world over.

In 1842, when a young man of eighteen years, Mr. Wilson embarked at New Bed-
ford, Massachusetts, on the whaling ship Harvest, under command of Captain Tabor, on a
cruise of three years for whales in the waters of the North Pacific, thus fulfilling the
desires of his grandmother, Eliza Pineo. He sailed near the breakers off what is now
known as Lane, Lincoln and Tillamook counties, where he saw the burnt trees which
to this day point spectral heads heavenward. After the whaling voyage was ended
he remained for some time in New York and New England, but when the rush to
California started in 1849, he sailed around the Horn in the ship William Gray, and
there, with all the crew, abandoned the ship and went to the mines. After a few
months' fruitlessly spent in the gold districts of the Sierras, he sailed as a passenger
on the schooner Reindeer up the coast to the mouth of the Umpqua river in Oregon, and
from there, in company with one shipmate named Barrett, he walked across the coast
mountains into the Willamette valley. On arriving at the mouth of the St. Marys
river the two young men obtained employment from William F. Dixon, whose family
and that of J. C. Avery constituted the first and only settlers at this point, where
now stands the city of Corvallis.

It was not long before Mr. Wilson began to take an active part in the develop-

HISTORY OF OREGON 205

ment of the Oregon country. At the time of his arrival, in 1850, the population of the
Willamette valley was meager and the homesteads were widely scattered. There
was a growing demand for certain manufactured articles and other necessities to be
brought here from the east and abroad and the Willamette river afforded an avenue
of transportation the full length of the great valley, one hundred and forty miles
in extent. He accordingly entered upon the transportation business by means of a
long bateau, or pole-boat, and plied this avocation a year or more. The lure of the
land, however, soon seized him and he took up a homestead claim in Benton county,
which he cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation for some time. He then
sold his land and started on an expedition to the Owyhee mines of southern Idaho in
1861, where he purchased and operated mining claims on the river, meeting with a
substantial measure of success in that venture. It was during that period that he
also built for Moses Wright the first ferry across the Snake river at a point where
the town of Lewiston now stands. This he operated for a short time and then returned
to Benton county, Oregon, where he was called to public office, being elected to the
position of deputy county clerk in 1862. He was subsequently chosen county clerk,
to which office he was reelected for fifteen consecutive terms, serving an uninterrupted
period of thirty years.

In 1894 he retired from public life to devote his entire attention to his business
affairs, which had become extensive and important. Ever zealous and enthusiastic
over the possibilities of Oregon as a great factor in the worth of the nation, in 1874
Mr. Wilson organized a corporation known as the Willamette Valley & Coast Railroad
Company, which was designed to construct a railroad from Yaquina bay on the west
shore of Benton county, across the state of Oregon to a connection with an eastern
road then building westward, namely the Chicago & Northwestern, thus to effect a
transcontinental system. Advancing from his own funds the necessary money for
the surveys, he soon secured the support of other stanch citizens of the state. Including
the names of G. W. Houck, R. S. Strahan, J. B. Lee, John Kelsay, Sol King, B. R.
Biddle, P. A. Chenoweth, J. R. Bayley, S. N. Lilly, J. S. Palmer, H. Plickinger, J. C.
Avery, James Chambers, Henry Toomey, Samuel Case, W. B. Hamilton, J. M. Currier,
M. Jacobs, T. E. Cauthorn, John Harris, Ashby Pearce, I. B. Henkle, B. R. Job, W. P.
Ready, J. F. Henkle, J. A. Yantis, Thomas Graham, G. R. Parra, Frank Butler, Herbert
Symons, F. Cauthorn, Cecil H. Coote. James McLain, A. M. Witham and Zephin' Job,
all of whom were incorporators or stockholders of the original Willamette Valley &
Coast Railroad Company or its subsidiaries, the Oregon Pacific Railroad Company,
now the Corvallis & Eastern, and the Oregon Development Company. These intrepid
and sturdy pioneers entered enthusiastically into the consummation of their various
development enterprises and succeeded, despite financial depressions and obstacles
interposed by jealous competitors of other proposed transcontinental systems, in build-
ing the most difiicult portion of their system from the coast to the summit of the
Cascade mountains and establishing a five-day steamer service, with three fifteen-
hundred ton steamers, between Yaquina bay and San Francisco, with daily train service
to all points on the line of the railroad. The beneficial result of this system was
immediately shown by the decline in freight rates of fifty per cent into Willamette
valley points, which rates were maintained as long as the transportation system of
Bushrod W. Wilson and his associates was in their own control. Mr. Wilson also
gave his support to the building of the Oregon & California Railroad from San Francisco
to Portland and was instrumental in obtaining a federal appropriation for the develop-
ment of the harbor at Yaquina bay. He thus took an active and helpful part in pro-
moting the work of public progress and improvement and left the impress of his
individuality for good upon many lines of the state's development and upbuilding.

In 1855 Mr. Wilson was united in marriage to Miss Priscilla Owsley Yantis, a daugh-
ter of James M. Yantis, who crossed the plains from Missouri to Oregon in 1852, casting
in his lot with the early settlers of Linn county. He was a Presbyterian in religious faith
and an active and zealous worker in behalf of the church, organizing, in association with
his brother, J. Lapsley Yantis, and others, the first churches of this denomination in the
northwest, these being at Marysville, now Corvallis, and at Portland. In the early days,
in order to supply the pulpits of both churches. Dr. Lapsley Yantis would make the ride
of ninety miles to Portland and return in all kinds of weather, every two weeks, holding
services alternate weeks in the two cities. Mrs. Wilson came of a family long repre-
sented in this country, the Yantises and Hamiltons settling in Virginia prior to the
Revolutionary war and subsequently migrating to Kentucky wih Daniel Boone, while
later they became residents of Missouri and Oregon. Mrs. Wilson proved a noble

HISTORY OF OREGON

until the death of her husband the aims and am-
^ther «<»« tbe aormntf ferment of both, to vhi<± they set their hearts and
at purpose, and with a well defined vision of the ultimate great-
. They becaaae the parents of thirteen children, nine of whom
of the number attaining positions of prominence in
Those who survived Mr. Wilson were; Lafayette
Hamilton. Robert Justice. Thomas Edwin. Minnie
WashingTMi. Jr.
palitxal Tievs Mr. WOsmt was a republican and a leader of the party in
to beeoDie a candidate for the offices of govemm-,
or Uaited States seaator. bat dedined to serve in a public capacity, owing
by the manassnent of his extensive btisiness
Always alire tn tbe daago^ of bad legislation, he was a stanch opponent
to lie best interests of the pec^le of the state.
of wtalker tk^ affected his locality alone or were state-wide, and he was
ia his MMMUMt of laeasHres calcalated to beneSt all of the people of
practical methods in their attainment.
to the state. He passed away at
4. 19Mi at the age at sevesty-six, and Ors^a therein lost c»e of its
who had left his Impress upon the
its

vss h«m ia »«— Wi- Getsaay. Jaly 28, 1848. a^ speait his early Hie ia his aative

eoaatiy baft cnae ia the ^iw voM ia yaaae ■aahnni aad vas nairied ia Nev Toik

am me TAtt liay. ISC. to :

la

tliis dty
Xr. Xie«r paiihi Id a hatf iaienEt ia tte hTian at

AA streets. Ia UM they

HISTORY OF OREGON 207

Grace R., who married Julius L. Meier, of the firm of Meier i Frank, and who is now
the mother of three children — Jean. Elsa and Julius L.; and M. Monte, who married
Mildred Rheinstrom of Portland, and has one son. Richard. Like his father, M. Monte
Mayer is a most progressiTe. energetic and alert business man and carries forward
to successful completion whatever he undertakes. His policy in relation to his em-
ployes is a most liberal one, actuated by a kindly spirit, for the factory doees upon
Friday night and business is not resumed until Monday morning, thus glring all em-
ployes a good rest. Moreover, he is greatly interested in all civic interests of Portland.
supporting all those activities which have to do with the upbuilding of the city and
the maintenance of high standards of citiienship. He finds recreation in motoring,
to which he turns when leisure permits, but his business affairs make large d^nands
upon his time and energies. His interests have constantly grown in volume and im-
portance and he is today a well known representative of the commercial and manu-
facturing activity of Portland.

HENRY WAG.VER.

Strong and purposeful, his resources and industry resulting in the accomplish-
ment of his well defined plans. Henry Wagner has reacaed a creditable position in
connection with the business interests of Portland. He has an extremely wide acquaint-
ance in this city, for here his entire life has been passed. His birth occurred here on
the 5th of September, 1S64, his father being John Wagner, who was bom in Hessen.
Germany. The father continued to make his home in Germany until 1S51. when attract-
ed by the opportunities of the new world, he came to the United States, being then a
youth of fifteen. For a brief period he remained in Xew York but afterward became
a resident of New Orleans and in the year 1S5S he arrived in San Francisca After four
years spent upon the Pacific coast he took up his abode in Portland and continued to
make this city his home until his life's labors were ended in death. No native-born
citizen displayed greater loyalty to America or a loftier patriotism. He was a most
active and helpful member of many societies and did everything in his power to pit>-
mote the growth, extend the business relations and maintain the high civic standards ot
Portland and the state of Oregon. In early manhood he married Miss Charlotte Hergen-
roeder. also a native of Hessen, Germany, who passed away in Portland in 1S97. leaving
two sons. Henry and Alexander, the latter for many years note teller in the First
National Bank of Portland. The father passed away in 190" when he reached the
seventy-first milestone on life's journey.

Henry Wagner displayed marked aptitnde in his studies and was but thirteen
years of age when he had completed the course at school. He started upon his business
career by securing employment with C. .\. Landenberger. newspaper publisher, and
later he attended the Portland Business College in further preparation for the respcm-
sible duties of business life. When fourteen years of age he obtained a position in
the dry goods house of Lewis & Strauss, with whom he continued for four years, and
then he decided that the practice of law would prove a more congenial and perhaps a
more remunerative business than that cf merchandising. With the end in view of
becoming a member of the bar he began reading law under the direction of Ellis G.
Hughes and in 1SS6 was admitted to practice at the October term of the supreme court.
The following year he took up the wor's of the profession and concentrated his ener-
gies upon building up a practice. He won many clients and was connected with much
important litigation. In 1S96 he was elected to the state legislatnre on the republican
ticket and took his seat as a member of the general assembly. The following year he
became connected with the Henry Weinhard bwwery and upon the death of Mr. Wein-
hard in 1904 became one cf the managers of the estate and has so continued to the
present time.

On the 21st of June. 1S93. Mr. Wagner was married to Miss Louise Henrietta
Weinhard, daughter of Henry Weinhard. She passed away October 24. 1905. leaving a
son, Henry Weinhard Wagner, who was educated in the Portland .\cademy.

In .social snd musical, as well as business circles. Mr. Wagner has long occupied
a prominent position. He was one of the organizers of the .\rion Society and of the
Boyer Glee Club. He also aided in the organization of the Orchestral Union, which
flourished between ISSl and 1S92. He served five years in the Oregon National Guard
in Company G — a company noted for its excellency in drill. He has been a valued

208 HISTORY OP OREGON

member for many years of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Commercial Club and
belongs to the Waverly Golf Club, Hunt Club, Arlington Club, Multnomah Athletic Club,
German Aid Society and Portland Social Turn Verein. His keenest interest outside of
business is perhaps felt in music, and he has done much to advance the art in Portland
and to promote a love of music among his fellow townsmen. A lifelong resident of the
city, he has in every way been loyal to its interests and upbuilding, and he has, more-
over, in many ways contributed to its progress, leaving the impress of his individuality
for good upon the development of both city and state.

WILLIAM CLIFTON CULBERTSON.

William Clifton Culbertson, one of the best known hotel proprietors on the Pacific
coast, conducting both the Cornelius and the Seward Hotels of Portland, was born in
RoUa, Missouri, September 12, 1874. He acquired his education in the place of his
nativity, supplementing his public school training by study in the William Jewell College
of Missouri, subsequent to which time he took up the study of law at Liberty, Mis-
souri, and was admitted to the bar in 1897. He next went to Kansas City, Missouri,
and became one of the firm of Wallace & Culbertson, in which connection he practiced
for two years. He then severed his partnership relations but continued an active
member of the bar of Kansas City, until March, 1913. During his residence there
he served as a member of the upper house of the city council, and it was largely
due to his efforts, that the Union depot of Kansas City, was built.

When Mr. Culbertson left Missouri in 1913, he went to Montana and there en-
gaged in raising stock on his ranch of eight hundred and twenty-five acres. This
business he pursued very successfully. In fact at every point in his career he seemed
to have reached the possibility for the attainment of success at that point. He certainly
deserves much credit for what he has accomplished, for he was left an orphan at a
very early age and has long been dependent upon his own resources. He learned
the printer's trade in his youthful days but was ambitious to make his efforts count
for much more than he could hope to do if he remained at the printer's trade, and thus
he qualified for the bar and was admitted to practice. The success there attained
enabled him to take up stock raising in Montana. In 1919 he came to Portland and
purchased the Cornelius and Seward Hotels, two of the finest hotel properties in the
city. He is conducting both of these himself, and there is never a day that he does
not go through his hotels from basement to garret. He has the best help in the state,
as he aflirms, and he employs ninety people. There is thorough cooperation between
employer and employee. His hotels are famous for their management and service
and "spotless town" appearance. Mr. Culbertson believes in attaining the highest
standards in hotel service and has made a close study of what the public desires in
the way of hotel accommodations.

Through his interest in affairs for the advancement of Portland, Mr. Culbertson
at once became prominent in the city and has long ranked as one of the most progres-
sive and enterprising residents here. In his fraternal relations, he is a Mason of
high rank; is a member of the Mystic Shrine and also a member of the Elks. He be-
longs to the Chamber of Commerce and is a member of the Kiwanis Club. He likewise
holds membership in the Portland Ad Club, of which he is one of the directors for 1921,
the City Club, the Press Club and in the Progressive Business Men's Club, of which he
is one of the trustees.

In 1919 Mr. Culbertson was married to Mrs. Catherine Bateson, a native of
Pennsylvania. She is one of the prominent ladies of Portland and has been very active
in assisting her husband. It was she who originated the slogans for the two hotels:
for the Seward Hotel the slogan is "House of Cheer," and for the Cornelius Hotel,
"House of Welcome," and these slogans have made both of the hotels famous through-
out the northwest. By her former marriage Mrs. Culbertson has a son, Cornelius
Bateson, who is sixteen years of age and a young man of fine character. He is now
five feet, seven and a half inches in height and weighs one hundred and seventy pounds.
He Is attending the Benson Polytechnic school, pursuing a technical course, and his
ambition is to be a scientific farmer. Mr. Culbertson has not only gained the respect
but also the love of his step-son and a close companionship exists between them.
Mr. Culbertson is a broadly read man and one who always looks at life from a sane
standpoint. He is always appreciative of the good in others and accepts their faults

WILLIAM CLIFTON CULBERTSON

HISTORY OP OREGON 211

as just human characteristics. He has a host of friends and possesses a wonderful

faculty for retaining their regard. His earnest and genial manner impresses all who

meet him with his sincerity, and the sterling worth of his character is evident to
those who come in contact with him.

J. M. POWELL, M. D.

The name of Powell has ever been an honored one in connection with the pioneer
development and later progress of the state of Oregon and Dr. J. M. Powell, living at
Monmouth, virtually retired, now looking after his orchard and farm interests, after
more than forty years of professional work, has been actuated by the spirit of advance-
ment and enterprise which dominated his forbears and which has been a most effective
force in the upbuilding of the west. He was born near Albany, in Linn county, Oregon,
in April, 1852, a son of Franklin S. and Louisa J. (Peeler) Powell, the former a native
of niinois. The latter was born in Tennessee but was reared in Illinois. The first repre-
sentative of the family in America settled in Virginia and the name has long been a
prominent and honored one in the United States. The paternal grandfather, John A.
Powell, crossed the plains to Oregon in 1851 as captain of a train of emigrants and
locating in Linn county, took up a donation claim which he cleared and developed and
also erected a sawmill. He likewise organized and built a church, of which he became
pastor and served till his death. He was the first missionary Christian minister in
Oregon, his labors constituting a far-reaching and effective force for good. He was a
man of prominence in his community and was called to a number of public offices,
being at all times loyal to the trust reposed in him. He passed away in June, 1881, and
his wife died about 1887.

His son, Franklin S. Powell, followed the occupation of farming in his native state
until 1851, when with his wife he crossed the plains to Oregon as a member of the
company of which his father was captain, being five months in making the Journey,
which in those early days was a most hazardous and diflScult one. He was at that time
about twenty-one years of age and had married just before starting on the trip. Upon
arriving in the state he took up as a donation claim a half section of prairie land in the
vicinity of the present site of Albany and this he developed, adding many improvements
thereto and continuing active in its operation until about 1872, when he leased the -prop-
erty and removed to Monmouth, Polk county, where he took an active part in supporting
the college, church and all civic affairs, being a liberal contributor and a large stock-
holder in building a local railroad. Here he purchased a half section, which is now the
property of his widow and sons, and for many years engaged in operating his land,
converting it into a valuable and productive tract, but at length took up his permanent
abode in Monmouth, where he lived retired throughout the remainder of his life. He
was very successful in his farming operations and became the possessor of a sub-
stantial competence, which he had acquired through years of hard and unremitting
toil. While residing in Linn county he served as justice of the peace, school director,
and also was master of the first Grange in that section, while his wife, who had success-
fully followed the profession of teaching in Illinois, became teacher of the first school
in their neighborhood. Wherever he lived he was called upon for public service by his
fellow townsmen, who recognized his worth and ability and his public-spirited devotion
to duty. While residing in Polk county he was chosen to represent his district in the
state legislature and served during 1889 and 1890 as a member of that law-making
body, giving earnest support to all the bills which he believed would prove beneficial to
the commonwealth. While serving as a legislator he was instrumental in having Chris-
tian College at Monmouth taken over by the state as a normal school, and as chairman
of the board of trustees of the college he turned over to the state the ten acres of land
nccupietl by the institution and also its buildings. He was one of the most prominent stock
raisers in the state and while operating his farm in Linn county was one of the first
to introduce pure bred Merino sheep into that section, while during his residence in
Polk county he raised pure bred Cotswold sheep and Angora goats and cattle and he
led his community in large wheat yields. He was one of the honored pioneer settlers
of Oregon who shared in the hardships and privations of frontier life and aided in
laying broad and deep the foundation upon which has been built the present progress
and prosperity of the commonwealth. Mr. Powell passed away at Monmouth, Decem-
ber 4, 1916, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years, but his widow survives and is

212 HISTORY OF OREGON

residing at Monmouth, having attained the venerable age of ninety-one years. Her
reminiscences of the early days are most interesting and she is widely known and uni-
versally honored and esteemed.

The son, J. M. Powell, pursued his education in the schools of Linn and Polk
counties and later entered Christian College at Monmouth, from which he was gradu-
ated in 1873 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In 1881 the degree of Master of Arts
was conferred by the same institution. He became a student in the medical department
of the University of California, from which he was graduated with the class of 1876,
and afterward opened an office in Monmouth and engaged in practice for a short time.
Subsequently he removed to Lebanon, where he became associated in practice with
Ex-Governor Ballard of Idaho, who was a prominent pioneer and politician in Oregon,
and this relationship was maintained for three years, when he succeeded Dr. Ballard
and commanded a large field of practice. In 1887 Dr. Powell became a resident of
Spokane, Washington, and there successfully practiced his profession until 1918.
Actuated by the laudable ambition to advance in his profession, he has ever been a
close and discriminating student and in 1887 he pursued a postgraduate course in the
University of California, while in 1896 he took postgraduate work in Chicago, thus
greatly promoting his skill and efficiency. Since 1896 he has specialized in major and
minor surgery and in this branch of the profession has been very successful, his pro-
nounced ability winning for him a large practice. In 1918 Dr. Powell returned to Polk
county, Oregon, where he has since resided. He is much interested in scientific fruit
raising and is devoting the greater part of his attention to his farming interests, but his
ability as a writer and lecturer on scientific subjects gives him diversion. In connec-
tion with his brothers he has an orchard of sixty acres, specializing in the raising of
cherries, prunes, filberts and walnuts. He also grows grain and clover and is Interested
in the raising of sheep, his scientific and practical methods winning for him a gratifying
measure of success in each line of activity. In addition he is the owner of property
in Spokane and is a man of enterprise and business acumen, who is bound to succeed in
anything which he undertakes.

In August, 1881, Dr. Powell was united in marriage to Miss Ada Cheadle, a vocalist,
who passed away in January, 1915, after an illness of three years. The two children
of this marriage are Richard C. and Cora L. They have been accorded excellent educa-
tional advantages. The son is a graduate of the University of California, where he
pursued a scientific course. He is now chief engineer with the Pacific Electric Com-
pany at San Francisco, California. The daughter is a talented musician and also pos-
sesses ability as a linguist, conversing fluently in several languages. She completed her
musical education in Berlin under excellent instructors, with whom she remained as a
student for three years, and she has become noted as a pianist, ranking with the best
artists in the country. She made several European tours during her stay in that coun-
try and now resides in Spokane, Washington.

In his political views Dr. Powell is a republican and his services have often been
sought in public connections, but his professional duties leave him little time for outside
activities. He is, however, intensely interested in educational work and while residing
in Spokane served for several years as a member of the school board, assisting in the
work of consolidating five schools, and he was also instrumental in securing the erec-
tion of the large high school in that city. He is ably carrying forward the educational
work, instituted by his honored father and has done much to raise the standards of
education in both Washington and Oregon, realizing its value as a means of preparing
the young for the practical and responsible duties of life. He is a member of the Oregon
Fruit Growers Association and was the first United States examiner of pensions at
Lebanon, serving in that capacity from about 1882. Fraternally he is identified with
the Woodmen of the World and the Neighbors of Woodcraft and his professional con-
nections are with the American Medical Association, the Washington State Medical
Society and the Spokane County Medical Society, becoming one of the organizers of
the last named society in 1888. He is a member of the Congregational church and
believes in the brotherhood of all the protestant churches and the universal teachings
of the Golden Rule. He also organized the Powell Memorial Society, which is com-
posed of the descendants and relatives of John A., Alfred and Noah Powell. This
society was founded in 1920, with Dr. Powell as president and historian, and he is now
engaged in compiling a history of the Powell family and pioneer days. The organiza-
tion now has a membership of about three hundred and its meetings are held on the
fourth Sunday in June on the old donation claim of the grandfather, John A. Powell.
The life of Dr. Powell has been one of intense activity, intelligently directed into those

HISTORY OF OREGON 213

channels through which flow the greatest good to the greatest number, and he stands
a's a man among men, honored and respected for his sterling worth as well as for his
pronounced professional ability.

BYRON B. HERRICK.

That the public service of Byron B. Herrick has been highly satisfactory and credit-
able is indicated in the fact that since 1892 he has served continuously as county sur-
veyor of Marion county, having been elected without opposition during the last fifteen
terms. He possesses unusual mechanical ability and keen business sagacity, and from
the outset of his business career he has steadily advanced. He was born near Shaw Sta-
tion, Marion county, August 25, 1862, his parents being Byron B. and Elizabeth (Stanley)
Herrick, the latter a native of Oregon, and in Marion county, this state, their marriage
occurred. The father was born in Ohio in 1828 and in 1845 he crossed the plains to
Oregon, taking up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres in Marion county. This
he greatly improved and developed, converting it into one of the highly productive
farms of the county. For many years he continued to reside thereon and at length he
removed to Turner, where he lived retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. He
was twice married and became the father of eleven children, four children being born
of the first marriage, namely: Byron B., of this review; D. O., a resident of Oakland,
California; I. I., deceased; and Laura, who is the wife of Lester Shell of Portland.
Of the seven children of his second union two are deceased and the parents have also
passed away.

Byron B. Herrick received liberal educational advantages, attending the public
schools of Marion county, after which he pursued a course at Willamette University,
making a specialty of surveying. After leaving this institution his first work was
along agricultural lines and for some time he was employed on a farm. He also taught
school for two years in Tillomack and Marion county and in 1891 was appointed deputy
surveyor under W. J. Culver. So eflScient was his work in this position that two years
later he was elected county surveyor and he has since held this office continuously. Al-
though several times he has had an opponent in the field, he has won by a handsome
majority and for the last fifteen terms he has been elected without opposition. He
has contributed substantially to the successful apportioning and measuring of the
lands of the county and is loyal to the best interests of those whose material welfare
is dependent upon him, and the systematic and accurate performance of his duties
has won for him the admiration and respect of those to whom he has given his services.
On the 3d of October, 1892, Mr. Herrick v?as married to Miss Jessie A. Barzee, whose
birth occurred in Oregon and who was a daughter of Clark and Mary (Stewart) Barzee,
both deceased. The two children of this union are Merze 0., now the wife of Edward
Jerman, of Portland; and Denzil D., who is a well known musician of Spokane, Wash-
ington. Mr. Herrick was twice married, his second union being with Winifred Rigdon
Clark, and their home is at 282 Richmond avenue, Salem, Oregon.

Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise Mr. Herrick has been a stalwart
supporter of the republican party. He holds membership in the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, in which organization he has filled all the chairs, including that of past
grand, and he is also afllliated with the Woodmen of the World and the Elks. He is a
strong advocate of those measures which he believes will advance the interests of his
town and county and never withholds his support from any worthy object. He is
always loyal to any cause which he espouses and faithful to every duty and his record
as a man and citizen is indeed a most enviable one.

VERDEN M. MOFFITT.

Verden M. Moffitt, who was elected to his present position on the 2d of November,
1920, enjoys the distinction of being the youngest chief of police in the United States.
being now twenty-eight years of age. He is efficient, fearless and faithful in the dis-
charge of his duties and is making a most creditable record in office, thus justifying
the trust reposed in him by his fellow townsmen. Mr. Moffitt is one of Oregon's native
sons, for he was born in Salem, July 8, 1893, his parents being A. T. and Sadie E.

I'U HISTORY OP OREGON

(Turner) Moffitt. The father is a native of Pennsylvania, of British and Irish stock.
and the mother was born in Georgia. They came west to Oregon thirty years ago
and settled in Salem, where they now reside, being widely known and highly respected
citizens of their community. A. T. Moffitt engaged in business as a contractor and is
now living retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. He has been prominent
in political affairs, having served for three terms as a member of the city council, and
in the election of November 2, 1920, was republican committeeman from Precinct 1.
Mr. and Mrs. Moffitt have become the parents of five children: Mrs. A. W. Blackburn
of Corvallis, Oregon; Mrs. M. L. Prunk, a resident of Eugene, Oregon; Victor Lee;
Russell; and Verden M., of this review.

The last named was a pupil in the public schools of Salem and subsequently at-
tended the Capital Normal College, following which he entered Willamette University,
where he devoted his attention to the study of law and vocal music. He has become
well known as a vocalist, having a fine baritone voice. On the 9th of July, 1917, he
enlisted in the motor transport service of the United States army and in May, 1918,
was sent overseas. He was stationed at Neufchateau, France, and had charge of the
work of transporting officers to and from various points. He sustained a severe injury
of one of his legs by running into a shell hole and also was a victim of the influenza
epidemic. His experiences while overseas were most thrilling and he witnessed scenes
of carnage and destruction which for many years will remain stamped upon his mental
vision. He relates that when he came out of the Argonne forest on the 24th of Novem-
ber, 1918, the ground was still covered with French and German dead, the bodies being
in a tearful state of decomposition. He returned to the United States on the 20th
of July, 1919, and at Camp Mills, New York, received his discharge. Upon his return
to Salem he resumed his law studies, with which he was occupied until 1920, when
he took up police work under Percy M. Varney, then chief of police. On the 21st of
May, 1920, he became one of four candidates at the primaries for the office of chief of
police and at the election of November 2, 1920, he was victorious, contesting the elec-
tion with J. T. Welsh. Mr. Moffitt's popularity is indicated in the fact that he carried
every precinct in the city by a majority of two to one — an unprecedented occurrence
in the annals of Salem. Although the youngest chief of police in the United States he
is fully qualified for the duties of this important office. He gives careful supervision
to every detail of the work of his department, is a strict disciplinarian and has in-
augurated many needed reforms and improvements in connection with the police service
of the city, being at all times "on the job." He is doing his utmost to rid the city
of the criminal element and his name has become a menace to evildoers.

On the 15th of June, 1920, Mr. Moffitt was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Endi-
cott, a daughter of John Endicott of Rolla, British Columbia, and they have a wide
circle of friends in the community, Mr. Moffitt being one of the most popular young
men of Salem. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Woodmen
of the World, the United Artisans and the Masons, belonging to lodge No. 4 of that
order. He is likewise connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging
to lodge No. 1, the oldest in the state. His record as a public official is a most com-
mendable one, characterized by incorruptible honesty and efficiency of a high order,
and the citizens of Salem feel that with him their lives and property are in safe
keeping. He regards a public office as a public trust and no trust reposed in Verden
M. Moffitt lias ever been betrayed in the slightest degree. He has already attained
an enviable position for one of his years and his energy, determination and laudable
ambition will undoubtedly secure for him still higher honors in the years to come.

REV. GREGORY (ROBL), 0. S. B.

Rev. Gregory (Robl). O. S. B., one of the prominent representatives of the Catho-
lic clergy in Oregon, is now pastor of the Sacred Heart parish of Portland. He was
born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1872, a son of Andrew and Margaret Robl. who in 1875
crossed the Atlantic, becoming residents of Michigan. In 1876 the family removed
to EUinwood, Kansas, becoming pioneers of that section. In 1888 they made the trip
to the Pacific coast, arriving at Mount Angel, Oregon, at the request of the Very Rev.
Adelhelm Odermatt. O. S. B. Mr. Robl followed agricultural pursuits, taking charge
of the church property and operating the farm. He was born April 27, 1827, and passed
away April 26. 1907, while his wife died In 1890.

REV. FATHER GREGORY

HISTORY OP OREGON 217

Rev. Father Gregory of this review obtained his education in the seminary at
Mount Angel, which he entered in 1888, completing his course there and receiving his
ordination on the 16th of December, 1899, Archbishop Christie officiating, Father Gregory
being the first priest ordained by that archbishop. He was then made director of the
seminary, in which he taught moral theology until September 3, 1903, when he took
charge of the Sacred Heart parish in Portland. Here he has since been located and
the upbuilding of the parish is largely the result of his labors. When he assumed his
duties here there were only forty-five families in the parish and today there are two
hundred and twenty. The value of the property at the time he assumed his labors
here was about ten thousand dollars, consisting of a newly built frame church and
parish house, in which was conducted the parochial school and also four lots. The
buildings had just been completed and were furnished by the Rev. Father. Today the
property is valued at least at fifty thousand dollars. In 1905 he built a school at an
investment of five thousand dollars and in 1907 a hall which cost two thousand dol-
lars, at the same time purchasing the entire block of land. In 1911, at the request
of Archbishop Christie, he changed the locatfon of the church property, purchasing
the present location on Benedictine Heights, a part of the twenty-four acres owned by
the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company. This was acquired at a cost of ten
thousand dollars and thus Father Gregory has in his hands the property for a Catholic
settlement. He then sold all of the old property, including the buildings, with the
exception of the church, for nineteen thousand dollars and began building the parish
residence which was erected at a cost of nine thousand dollars. He also built the
school at a cost of twelve thousand dollars, all this being accomplished in 1911. The
church was removed to its present location on Center and East Eleventh streets in
1911. Father Gregory built a parish hall at a cost of eight thousand dollars and a
convent at an investment of ten thousand dollars. This was likewise accomplished
in 1911. Today the church property is very valuable and most attractive in appearance.
The new school building is a fireproof structure of brick and tile reinforced. The
school has an average attendance of one hundred and seventy-five children, with six
teachers, and a music department is maintained in connection therewith. Today the
present property holdings of the church are valued at sixty-five thousand dollars. Thus
Father Gregory has accomplished a great work since taking charge of Sacred Heart
parish.

In 1914 he took a trip to Europe and was an eyewitness of the German mobiliza-
tion during the first week in August. He spent several months in visiting various
points of interest in the old world, returning to his home with a mind enriched by
travel and broad experience in European countries.

MORRIS HOMANS WHITEHOUSE.

Morris H. Whitehouse, one of the leading architects of Portland, is a native son
of Oregon and a representative of one of its honored pioneer families. He has spent
his entire life in the city where he now resides, for he was here born on the 21st of
March, 1878. His father, Benjamin G. Whitehouse, was for many years connected with
the business interests of Portland and in Masonry attained high rank, the thirty-third
degree being conferred upon him in recognition of his service to the order and his
worth as a man and citizen. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, December 5, 1834.
When four years of age he removed with his parents to Vassalboro, Maine, where six
years later his mother passed away. It was five years afterward that his father died
and he then took up his home with an nncle. Captain Reuben Weeks, a kind-hearted
farmer of New England, who treated the orphan boy as his own child. There he resided
until he reached the age of eighteen, assisting in the work of the farm and attend-
ing school to a limited extent in winter. In 1852 he yielded to the lure of the city and
returned to Boston, where he found employment in a counting house during the day,
while in the evening he attended a private commercial college. After a year he was
promoted to the position of assistant bookkeeper with the firm of Door, Proctor &
Company. In the fall of 1850 he was sent west by his employ'ers to the lumbering dis-
trict of Wisconsin at Green Bay, to take charge of the Interests of the firm in manu-
facturing and shipping lumber to Milwaukee and Chicago, which cities were then in
their infancy and at the end of two years he returned to Boston. About this time he
caught the California fever through encouraging letters from friends on the coast, and

IMS HISTORY OF OREGON

in February, 1859, started for San Francisco, leaving his young wife in Boston, while
he sought fortune in a land that promised immediate and large rewards. Going by
steamer to Panama and thence by land to the western coast, he arrived in San Fran-
cisco, March 22, 1859. He found the city thronged with thousands of excited gold
hunters and not being satisfied with conditions there at the end of two weeks he jour-
neyed northward, arriving in Portland, May 22, 1859. Here he secured employment as
hotel clerk with S. N. Arrigoni, continuing with him as long as he remained in the
business. Upon the completion of the overland stage route between Portland and
Sacramento he was appointed agent for the company and cashier for Oregon, holding
this position until the office was discontinued on account of the completion of the
Oregon & California Railway, the first railway into Portland. In September, 1867,
Mr. Whitehouse became connected with the Portland Gas Light Company and the Port-
land Water Company, continuing with both companies during their existence. He was
one of the incorporators of the Portland Gas Light Company and continued as cashier
and director of the company until it sold out, subsequently becoming connected with the
Portland Gas & Coke Company.

The Masonic record of Mr. Whitehouse has probably not been duplicated anywhere
in the country. He was the first secretary and the first candidate entered, passed and
raised in Portland Lodge, No. 55, A. F. & A. M., after its organization, which lodge is
now the largest in the state. For twelve years he served as secretary of the lodge, for
four years as secretary of Portland Royal Arch Chapter, for eighteen years as secretary
of Oregon Commandery, K. T. and of the Scottish Rite bodies for twelve years. He also
served for many years as grand treasurer of the Grand Commandery of the Knights
Templars, as past almoner and treasurer of Oregon Consistory and as first recorder
of Al Kader Temple. He was elected a life member of Oregon Commandery. K. T.,
in 1908, and for faithful services as grand treasurer of the Grand Commandery the
honorary title of past Commander was conferred upon him in 1908. He was coronated
thirty-third degree Mason by the Supreme Council in Washington, D. C, January 18, 1893.

On December 15, 1858, Mr. Whitehouse was united in marriage to Miss Clara
Bradley Homans, eldest daughter of Harrison Homans. of Vassalboro, Maine. He was
absent from his wife for three years during the early part of his married life, Mrs.
Whitehouse joining him in the summer of 1862 at Portland. They became the parents
of five children but the eldest son died in infancy. Two daughters, Gertrude and Clara,
now Mrs. Edward Cookingham and Mrs. E. L. Brown, respectively, are living in Port-
land. May married H. S. Hostetter, of Washington, D. C, and Morris H., of this review,
completes the family.

In 1912 death called Mr. Whitehouse and in his passing the state lost one of its
most prominent business men and honored pioneers. Throughout the period of his
residence in Portland he took an active and helpful part in promoting the work of
public progress and improvement and left the impress of his individuality for good
upon many lines of the city's development and upbuilding. He was a man of high
ideals and exalted standards of citizenship, whose irreproachable character and in-
corruptible integrity fully entitled him to the esteem he was accorded by all who knew
him. As a pioneer he was not the ordinary type, yet possessed many of the character-
istics that led to the settlement of the west. In him were born and bred the gentler
virtues — the virtues that have softened the asperities of harsher natures, whose mission
it has been to make the rough places smooth, while the mission of men like Mr. White-
house was to present living examples of the higher traits that embellish civilization and
make home a synonym for tenderness and love. Both sorts of men are necessary and
both have nobly performed their work. Their monument is written in enduring char-
acters in the hearts of tens of thousands now living in happy homes and who recog-
nize that to the pioneers they owe the blessings they enjoy today.

The son, Morris H. Whitehouse, was accorded unusual educational advantages and
in addition to the training received in various schools he grew up in a home of culture
and refinement — the best of all known institutions for the development of the faculties
most essential in the attainment of a successful career. Aftei- attending the public school
he became a student in Bishop Scott Academy, from which he was graduated in June,
1896, at the age of eighteen. He then entered the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
nology, where he continued tor a year, there resuming his studies in 1902 and complet-
ing his course in 1906. In recognition of his work at this school, one of the leading
institutions of the kind in the world, he was awarded the first prize for special students
for best scholarship in all studies and the honor of first holder of the year 1906 travel-
ing scholarship. This gave him the opportunity of a year's study abroad, which he

HISTORY OP OKEOOX 21!l

spent at the American Academy at Rome, Italy, returning to Portland in 1907. While
in Europe he made a study of many of the greatest architectural works, ancient and
modern, and also came into personal contact with many of the most prominent masters.

Opening an office in Portland in January, 1908, Mr. Whitehouse at once became ac-
tively engaged in his profession and for five years conducted his interests in partner-
ship with J. A. Fouilloux, now a resident of New York city. He has since engaged in
business independently, meeting with marked success. Many of Portland's most not-
able public buildings are examples of his handiwork, among which may be named the
following: the University, Multnomah Amateur Athletic and Waverly Country Clubs;
the Lincoln and Jefferson high schools and the Failing grammar school; the Old Peo-
ple's Home; the Ladd & Tilton Bank interior and many of the city's most beautiful
residences and apartments.

On the 17th of October, 1908, Mr. Whitehouse was united in marriage to Miss Grace
Grey Reed, the ceremony being performed at Salt Lake City, Utah. Mrs. Whitehouse is
a daughter of James and Georgiana Reed, of Boston, Massachusetts, and is a highly
educated and accomplished lady. Professionally he is identified with the Oregon Chap-
ter, A. T. A., the State Board of Architects of which he is serving as treasurer and he
is also an associate member of the American Institute of Architects. He is an alumnus
of the American Academy of Rome and a member of the Portland Archaeological
Society, the Portland Art Association, the University, Waverly, Country and Multno
mah Clubs and of the last named organization is an honorary life member. Like hisi
father he has also become prominent in Masonry, having attained the thirty-second
degree in the consistory and also belonging to the shrine and in his life he exemplifietf
the beneficent teachings of the craft. He stands high in his profession and is proving
a worthy successor to an honorable father in contributing to the extent of his abilitj
toward the upbuilding of the northwest.

ELLIS F. LAWRENCE.

Possessing an intimate knowledge of his profession agained through thorough and
comprehensive study in leading technical institutions of America and Europe, Ellis F.
Lawrence is classed with the able achitects of Portland and the northwest, his labors
proving a potent element in the upbuilding and beautifying of the city. A native
of the east, Mr. Lawrence was born in Maiden, Massachusetts, in 1879, a son of Henry
Abbott and Annie J. (Howells) Lawrence. The name is an old and honored one in
connection with the history of this country, representatives of the family having
gallantly defended American interests as soldiers in the Revolutionary war. The father
was prominent in business circles of his city as a manufacturer of artists' and engineers'
supplies, building up a large trade in that connection.

The son, Ellis F. Lawrence, received liberal educational advantages, graduating
from Andover Academy and also from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which
conferred upon him the degrees of B. S. and M. S. In order further to perfect his
professional knowledge he went abroad and for nearly a year studied in Paris. Re-
turning to his native land he opened an office in Portland as a member of the firm
of McNaughton, Raymond & Lawrence, an association that was maintained for four
years, after which Mr. Lawrence practiced alone for a time. In 1910 he formed a
partnership with W. G. Holford with whom he still continues and they have been
accorded a large and representative clientage. They occupy a well appointed suite
of offices in the Chamber of Commerce building and their office force consists of eight
employes, the excellence of their work and their reliability in executing contracts
winning for them high standing in the profession. Many examples of their handiwork
are to be seen in Portland, among which may be mentioned the Lumbermen's Bank
building, Westminster Presbyterian church, Albina Branch Library, Fernwood grammar
school, the Peninsular Park buildings and also many fine residences. They also con-
structed the buildings for the University of Oregon and Whitman College and as
leading architects they are well known throughout this section of the country.

In 1905 Mr. Lawrence was united in marriage to Miss Alice Millett, of Portland,
Maine, and they have become the parents of three children: Henry Abbott, Denison
Howells and Amos Millett. Mr. Lawrence has become prominent in many professional
connections and for two years has been a director of the American Institute of Archi-
tects. About six years ago he became the organizer of the school of architecture of
the University of Oregon of which he is now serving as dean. He is a member of

220 HISTORY OF OREGON

the committee on education in connection with the American Institute of Architects
and of the publicity committee of the state organization of the American Institute of
Architects and is likewise identified with the Oregon Chapter of that society. He
■was also for one and a half years a member of the city plans commission and is con-
nected with the Chamber of Commerce, the City Club and the University Club. He
stands high in his profession and through his labors has not only gained individual
success but has also contributed in substantial measure to the upbuilding and beauti-
fying of his city. He is alert and enterprising, thoroughly in sympathy with the
spirit of the northwest and doing all he can to promote its progress and improvement.
In every relation of life he measures up to the highest standards of manhood and
citizenship and is accounted one of Portland's most valued citizens.

M. G. McCORKLE, M. D.

Dr. M. G. McCorkle, one of the leading physicians and surgeons of Portland who
has here practiced his profession since 1902, is a native of Tennessee and a representa-
tive of an old southern family. He was born September 30, 1871, a son of J. J. and
Ruth (Hendricks) McCorkle, the former a retired farmer and banker now residing
in Johnson City, Washington county, Tennessee. They became the parents of sixteen
children, of whom thirteen are living.

M. G. McCorkle, the fourth in order of birth, attended the district schools in
the acquirement of an education, later pursuing a course in an academy and for one
and a half years was a student in Milligan College, where he took up literary work.
He next entered the Lincoln Memorial College at Knoxville, Tennessee, which he
attended for three years and this was followed by postgraduate work in the City Hos-
pital of New York city, where for two years he served as interne. In 1895 he opened
an office at Mitchell, Oregon, where he remained for one year and then went to Wood-
burn, where for six years he continued in practice. In 1902 he took up his residence
in Portland and here he has remained in the intervening period building up a large
practice. He maintains his office at No. 804 Selling building and was the first physi-
cian to locate there. He has studied broadly, thinks deeply and his efforts have been
of the greatest value to his patients, for he is seldom at fault in the diagnosis of
cases and his sound judgment and careful study enable him to do excellent profes-
sional work. He is attached to Good Samaritan Hospital and has been especially
successful in the treatment of surgical cases. He is also a man of good business ability
and has important interests in oil lands in Wyoming.

In 1896 Dr. McCorkle was united in marriage to Miss Blanche George of Brooklyn,
New York, who previous to her marriage was a successful teacher, and they have be-
come the parents of a daughter, Lucile, who pursued an English course in the Uni-
versity of Oregon, and graduated therefrom. The family residence is at No. 481 East
Eighteenth street, North, and their home is noted for its warm-hearted hospitality.

In Masonry Dr. McCorkle has won high rank, having attained the thirty-second
degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory and the York Rite, and also holding member-
ship in Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland. He is likewise identified
With the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Woodmen of the World and
the nature of his recreation is indicated in the fact that he is a member of the Port-
land Gun Club and the Portland Golf Club. Actuated by laudable ambition his pro-
fessional career has been one of continuous advancement and his life work has been
one of broad usefulness. He is at all times actuated by high and honorable principles
and his course has ever been directed along lines which command the respect and
confidence of his fellowmen and of his professional colleagues and contemporaries.

JOHN N. MATSCHEK.

John N. Matschek, who for many years was a prominent and successful candy
manufacturer and wholesaler of Portland, conducting business under the name of
the Star Candy Company, was born in Austria, June 6, 1860, a son of John N. and
Antoinette Matschek, who came to the United States with their son John in 1868, estab-

DR. M. G. McCORKLE

HISTORY OF OREGON -I'l:]

lishing the family home in Portland. The father engaged in farming and dairying
in the employ of Mr. Sedlock on the land where now stand the old and new Failing
schools — a district bounded by Reede, Porter and Corbett streets. It was at that place
that John N. Matschek passed away and his wife's death occurred within a block of
the old home in the year 1912.

John N. Matschek attended the public schools of South Portland until he reached
the age of thirteen years and then started out to provide for his own support by
entering the employ of the Alisky Candy Company. While thus working he obtained
all the schooling he could by employing his leisure hours in promoting his education.
He continued with the Alisky Candy Company for thirteen years and then established
business on his own account at First and Market streets, manufacturing and whole-
saling candy under the name of the Star Candy Company, which company was con-
solidated into Matschek Haradon Company and still later to the Matschek Candy
Company. He conducted this business to the time of his death, which occurred on
the 12th of June, 1914, when the business was sold.

In early manhood Mr. Matschek had wedded Miss Mary Elizabeth Bates, a native
of Virginia City, Nevada, who came to PortHand with her people in 1871. She became
the wife of Mr. Matschek on the 27th of December, 1886, and to this marriage were
born two children: Pearl Lucille, now the wife of C. A. Alphonse, manager of the
Hyatt Talking Machine Company of Portland, and the mother of one child, Lucille
Elizabeth; and John N., who married Helen Marsden Rogers, a native of Pennsylvania,
and has one child, Helen. John N. Matschek is a Scottish Rite Mason who belongs
to Harmony Lodge, No. 12, A. F. & A. M., of Portland, and to the various Scottish
Rite bodies, while with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine he has also crossed the sands
of the desert.' He is likewise a member of the Elks Lodge, No. 142, of Portland and
belongs to the Multnomah Club, to the University Club, the Old Colony Club and the
Kappa Sigma, a college fraternity. He is thus widely and prominently known in
social relations and in business circles occupies a creditable position as president of
the W. C. Allen Candy Company, operating at Nos. 125 and 127 Twelfth street in
Portland. They are importers and jobbers, representing the Sweet Candy Company
of Salt Lake City, Utah, and they buy in every market of the world. Something of
the volume of their business is indicated in the fact that they now employ ten sales-
men. Thus the name of Matschek is still prominently connected with the candy trade
of the northwest, for it was in this line that the father started out in business and
in the same line he continued throughout his active life, winning progress and pros-
perity as the result of close application, thorough reliability and undaunted enterprise.
The son displays the same qualities and the name of Matschek has long been an
honored one in the trade circles of this secti.on of the country.

HON. WALTER B. JONES.

Hon. Walter B. Jones, a prominent attorney of Eugene and representative from
L"ine county to the upper house of the general assembly, was born in Waupaca county,
Wisconsin, November 5, 1879, a son of George G. and Adeline (Rogers) Jones, also
natives of the Badger state. The father followed farming in Wisconsin until about
1891, when he came west and is now living retired near Portland, Oregon. The mother
passed away in July, 1918.

Walter B. Jones acquired his preliminary education in the schools of his native
state and after completing the work of the grades engaged in teaching school during
the winter months, while through the summer season he pursued the study of law,
thus continuing for three years. He then became a student in the University of Wis-
consin at Madison, working his way through that institution, and later pursued a night
course in law at the University of Minnesota. In 1907 he was admitted to the bar
in Minnesota and subsequently went to Spokane, Washington, where he became con-
nected with the Diamond Ice & Fuel Company, remaining with that firm for a period
of three years. In September, 1910, he came to Oregon, opening a law office in Eugene,
where he has since followed his profession, and has won a place among the leading
attorneys of his part of the state. He is a strong and able advocate, presenting his
cause clearly and forcefully and applying legal principles with accuracy. He has built
up a good clientele during his ten years' residence in Eugene and is the possessor of
a valuable law library. In addition to his law practice Mr. Jones has important busi-

224 HISTORY OF OREGON

ness interests, being secretary and treasurer of the John-Jones Coal Company of Coos
county and one of the directors of the American Universal Implement Company o£
Portland.

On the 26th of December, 1903, Mr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Susie
B. Seaver and they have become the parents of six children, four of whom are deceased:
Walter B., Jr., died in Spokane, Washington, in 1907; Rodman died in September, 1920;
while two died in infancy. Those who survive are Marjorie and George.

In politics Mr. Jones is a republican and in 1917 his fellow townsmen, appreciative
of his worth and ability, called him to public office as representative from Lane county
to the lower house of the general assembly. That his services in this connection
were entirely satisfactory to his constitutents is indicated in the fact that in 1919 he
elected to represent his county in the state senate, of which he is proving an able
member, giving earnest and thoughtful consideration to all the vital questions which
come up for settlement. He likewise received the appointment of juvenile officer and
served in that capacity for four years. Mr. Jones is also prominent in fraternal
circles, holding membership in the Masonic order, the Indepedent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Woodmen of the World and the Knights of Pythias, and he attends the Methodist
Episcopal church. For six years he served as secretary of the Lane County Fair
Association and thus in many ways has substantially contributed to the development
and upbuilding of his city, county and state. Mr. Jones deserves great credit for what
he has accomplished in life, for he is a self-made man who through his own efforts
secured a college education, and wisely utilizing each opportunity for advancement
is now entitled to classification with the leading attorneys and representative citizena
of his section of the state.

JASON T. ANDERSON.

Jason T. Anderson, a veteran of the World war, who rendered valuable service to
the country during the most critical period in its history, is now serving as post-
master of Harrisburg. discharging the duties of this position most capably and effi-
ciently. He was born in this city July 3, 1891, a son of Thomas J. and Emma (Thomas)
Anderson, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of Iowa. In 1S72 the father
went to Nevada and remained a resident of that state until 1S80, when he came to
Oregon, securing employment in a store in Harrisburg, with which he was connected
for a period of fifteen years. He was then elected to the office of county assessor,
in which he served for one term and then returned to Harrisburg, where he engaged
in the real estate and insurance business from 1902 until 1916, when he was appointed
postmaster, which office he continued to fill until his death on the 19th of May, 1919,
when he was sixty-one years of age. He was prominent in the public affairs of his
community and for fifteen years was city recorder of Harrisburg. The mother survives
and is now a resident of Portland, Oregon.

Jason T. Anderson was reared and educated in his native city, attending the public
and high schools. On completing his studies he was variously employed until 1916,
when he was made assistant postmaster of Harrisburg. In April, 1918, he enlisted
for service in the World war and was sent to Camp Lewis, Washington. He was
assigned to the Twenty-second Engineers and was transferred to Montgomery, Alabama,
becoming member of Company C. From there he was sent to Camp Merritt and on
the 30th of June sailed for France. He participated in some of the heaviest fighting
of the war but fortunately escaped without injury, and at the battle of St. Mihiel was
placed in charge of a working party which for thirty-two days was subjected to the
most intensive and continuous shell fire. During this most trying ordeal he handled
his men with great coolness and good judgment, winning high commendation from
his superior officer, First Lieutenant Ridgley of Bremerton, Washington. Mr. Ander-
son was made first-class sergeant and was discharged May 12, 1919, because of his
father's dangerous illness, arriving home twenty-four hours before the latter's demise.
The son was then appointed acting postmaster and after successfully passing the re-
quired examination received a permanent appointment as postmaster in February, 1920.
He is a most courteous and obliging official and the duties of the office are promptly
and efficiently discharged.

On the 12th of October, 1919, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to Miss Velma
Purkerson and they have many friends in Harrisburg. He is a democrat in his political

HISTORY OP OREGON 225

views and fraternally he is a member of the Rebekahs and the Indepnedent Order of
Odd Fellows, belonging to both the lodge and encampment. Mrs. Anderson's religious
affiliation is with the Christian church. Mr. Anderson is always loyal to any cause
which he espouses and faithful to every duty and he is a patriotic, public-spirited citizen,
interested in all that has to do with public progress in the community, his aid and
influence being always on the side of advancement and improvement.

GEORGE M. POST.

George M. Post, a leading architect of Portland now serving as secretary of the
state board of architecture, is a native of the east. He was born in New London,
Connecticut, in 18S3 and is a representative of an old New England family, members
of which fought for American interests as soldiers in the Revolutionary war. He is
a sou of Owen L. and Mary W. (Palmer) Post, the former a carriage-maker by trade
and of their family two sons survive: George M., of this review; and Robert P., a
resident of Stamford, Connecticut.

George M. Post acquired a high school education and deciding on the profession
of architecture as a life work he secured work in an office of that character, also
continuing his studies at home and since 1900 has taken postgraduate work in archi-
tecture. Going to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he there opened an office in 1907, but at
the end of a year sought the broader opportunities offered in the west and in 1908 made
his way to Salem, Oregon, where he was associated with L. R. Hazeltine for two
years. Subsequently he conducted his professional work independently for a period
of seven years and then became a resident of Portland where he has since engaged in
architectural work, devoting his attention to general architectural practice. His ex-
cellent work and thorough reliability in the execution of contracts have won for him
a large patronage and many of the fine residences of Salem are examples of his skill
and handiwork as are also many commercial and public buildings, including the public
library at Salem, Oregon.

On the 2Sth of May, 1907, Mr. Post was united in marriage to Miss Eliza M. Ryan
of New London, Connecticut, a daughter of William S. and Sarah (Bond) Ryan, rep-
resentatives of prominent New England families, the Bonds being well known in
financial circles of the east. The only child of this union is Hanford P.

Mr. Post is secretary of the state board of architecture which owes its existence
largely to his efforts, for he was the chief factor in securing its passage through both
branches of the legislature and since its organization has served in the capacity of
secretary. He is a member of the American Institute of Architects and is also identi-
fied with the Sons of the American Revolution, the City Club and the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in
the Episcopal church. He maintains his offices in the Railway Exchange building and
resides in a beautiful home at No. 630 East Twentieth street, in the attractive suburban
district of Irvington. His professional standing is high and through his activities
he has contributed in substantial measure to the development and improvement of
Portland which has greatly benefited by his citizenship. He is ever actuated by
high and honorable purposes in all relations of life and his many commendable traits
of character have won for him a large circle of warm friends.

J. H. GARNJOBST, M. D.

Dr. J. H. Garnjobst, who since 1913 has been associated in medical practice with
Dr. E. E. Fisher, an eminent physican and surgeon of Salem, who specializes in general
surgery, is now devoting his attention to the general practice of medicine and is
regarded as one of the most brilliant young men to be found in the profession any-
where in the state. He is a veteran of the World war, in which he, gained extremely
valuable medical experience, thus greatly promoting his professional skill and ability.

Dr. Garnjobst is a native of Nebraska. He was born at Crofton on the 1st of
February, 1889, and came to Salem with his parents, W. F. and Anna R. (Hohf) Garn-
jobst. After completing his public school education he became a student in the medical
department of the University of Oregon, pursuing a course in internal medicine and
Vol. n— 15

226 HISTORY OF OREGON

surgery, and was graduated from that institution in 1912. For a time he followed
his profession in eastern Oregon and since 1913 he has been associated in practice
•with Dr. E. E. Fisher, a very successful surgeon of Salem. They occupy a fine suite
of offices in the United States National Bank building, equipped with all of the most
modern apparatus for surgical operations and every modern appliance for the treat-
ment of disease. Dr. Garnjobst is thoroughly acquainted with the scientific basis
upon which his work rests and is correct in the application of his knowledge to meet
the needs of his patients. During the war with Germany he was commissioned first
lieutenant and was sent overseas, being made chief of the X-Ray department at Base
Hospital, No. 98, in France. He saw a great deal of service among the wounded
in France and thus gained broad knowledge and experience which have since been
of inestimable value to him in his professional work. While on leave of absence he
traveled throughout the French Alps, acquiring through close observation a valuable
fund of information, and he relates may interesting anecdotes of his experiences abroad.
On the 12th of June, 1912, Dr. Garnjobst was united in marriage to Miss Ruth
E. Thostrud, a native of Cashton, Wisconsin, and they have become the parents of a
daughter, Ruth Jean. Fraternally he is connected with the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks and with the Masons, belonging to Salem Lodge, No. 4, and to Oregon
Consistory, No. 1, of the Scottish Rite at Portland. Although one of the younger
members of the profession. Dr. Garnjobst is forging steadily to the front, actuated at
all times by a spirit of enterprise and laudable ambition, and his pronounced ability
is attested by his professional colleagues and contemporaries.

ADAM WILHELM, Sr.

The name of Adam Wilhelm is closely associated with the history of Benton
county and the development of western Oregon. His keen business discernment and
highly developed powers of organization have carried him into important relations and
many of the largest business enterprises in this section of the state owe their inception
to him. There is great honor due him not only on account of the individual success
■which he has achieved, but also because of the part which he has taken in the work
of upbuilding and development in the northwest, which has greatly prospered by his
activities, and he is numbered among the builders of Oregon, who by their labors have
made possible that superior civilization which is now one of the characteristics of
the commonwealth. As head of the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons he is operating the
largest department store in western Oregon outside of Portland, maintaining branch
establishments at Corvallis and Junction City, and he is also one of the prominent
financiers of the state, being the organizer and largest stockholder of the Monroe
State Bank and a stockholder in the Benton County State Bank at Corvallis and the
Corvallis State Bank and also in a bank at Spokane, Washington.

Mr. Wilhelm was born at Mintz, Germany, December 10, 1846, a son of Adam and
Agnes (Foust) Wilhelm, also natives of that country. There the father engaged in
the making of wine and in 1848 he emigrated to America, making his way to Wis-
consin, where he purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land in the vicinity
of Sheboygan. This he improved and developed, continuing its cultivation for a period
of thirty-five years. He also engaged in the hotel business at Sheboygan, and in 1883
he came to Oregon, taking up his abode in Monroe, where he continued to reside the
remainder of his life. He passed away about 1910, when eighty-three years of age,
and the mother died in 1907 at the age of seventy.

Adam Wilhelm was but two years of age when his parents emigrated to America
in 184S and he was reared and educated at Sheboygan, Wisconsin, remaining at home
until after his marriage. He then went to St. Cloud, Wisconsin, where he engaged
in the hotel business, conducting that enterprise until 1S70, when he came to the
Pacific coast country, going first to San Francisco, and thence by boat to Oregon.
For four months he resided in Portland and at that time he could have purchased
one hundred and sixty acres in the heart of the city for the sum of eighteen hundred
dollars, but he was desirous of securing a larger farm and with that end in view
made his way to Benton county, purchasing eight hundred acres of land in the vicinity
of Monroe. He also bought a notion store and liquor business in the town, thereby
establishing the nucleus of the present large department store of A. Wilhelm & Sons.
Subsequently he purchased about four thousand acres of land, of which he is still

HISTORY OF OREGON 227

the owner. In the conduct of his mercantile interests he displayed sound Judgment
and keen discernment and his enterprising and progressive methods, his carefully
selected stock and his reasonable prices soon won for him a good patronage which
has steadily grown from year to year until the business has now assumed extensive
proportions. Mr. Wilhelm has admitted his sons to a partnership, the business now
being conducted under the firm style of A. Wilhelm & Sons. They carry a large and
attractive line of goods, including farm implements and automobiles, and are accorded
a large patronage, the firm name being a synonym for reliability and enterprise. In
1S96 Mr. Wilhelm turned his attention to the manufacturing field, establishing the
A. Wilhelm & Sons Flour Mills, the capacity of the plant being one hundred barrels per
day. He also built a large mill at Harrisburg, Oregon, which in 1919 was destroyed
by fire, and he likewise erected a fine mill at Junction City, which he subsequently
sold. He is the owner of a large warehouse at that point and there erected a fine
modern garage, which is operated by his son, George A. Wilhelm, and he also owns
another garage in the town, which he uses as a storehouse for his cars. He has two
large garages at Corvallis, where he handles all the most popular types of cars, in-
cluding the Overland, Stevens and Nash cars and trucks and the Cleveland tractor.

In financial circles of the state Mr. Wilhelm is equally prominent and well known.
He was the organizer and is now the largest stockholder of the Monroe State Bank,
which is capitalized for ten thousand dollars and has deposits amounting to two hundred
thousand dollars, and he is also interested in the Benton County State Bank of Corvallis,
the Corvallis State Bank, and is a stockholder in a bank at Spokane, Washington. He
is thus continually broadening the scope of his activities with good results and what-
ever he undertakes he carries forward to successful completion, for he possesses keen
insight into business affairs and situations and his plans are well formulated and
promptly executed.

In February, 1S67, Mr. Wilhelm was united in marriage in Kiel, Wisconsin, to
Miss Elizabeth Mueller, a daughter of Mathias and Mary Mueller, natives of Prance.
Her parents emigrated to America, and going to Wisconsin, cast in their lot with its
pioneer settlers. The father engaged in farming in the vicinity of Sheboygan and
was very successful in his operations, continuing a resident of that section of the state
until his demise. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilhelm were born nine children: Adam, Jr., who
has charge of the business at Corvallis; George, who died at the age of three years;
Mathias, who is connected with the store at Monroe; Louise, who died when fourteen
years of age; Bernard, also assisting in the conduct of the business at Monroe; Sarah,
at home; Louie, who died at the age of seven years; Lawrence, who is managing busi-
ness interests in the state of Washington; and George A., in charge of the business at
Junction City. The wife and mother passed away at Los Angeles, California, after
a two days' illness, on the 23d of February, 1916, at the age of seventy years.

In his political views Mr. Wilhelm is a republican. His first presidential vote was
cast for Horace Greeley and he was a stanch supporter of democratic principles and
candidates until the Wilson administration, since which time he has adhered to the
republican platform. In religious faith he is a Catholic and he is a member of the
Knights of Columbus. Mr. Wilhelm has great faith in the future of this section of
the country, to which his extensive investments amply testify, and he is the heaviest
taxpayer in Monroe, paying sixty-five per cent of the tax of the town. He is dis-
tinctively a man of affairs and one who wields a wide influence. Those forces which
have contributed most to the development, improvement and benefit of the state have
received impetus from his labors and his life record is a most creditable one, showing
what can be accomplished through individual effort and determined purpose when
guided by intelligence and sound judgment.

VIVIAN C. STAATS, B. S., M. D.

Dr. Vivian C. Staats, a successful physician and surgeon of Dallas, is a native of
this state, his birth having occurred in Airlie, Polk county, April 1, 1883. He is a
son of Clarence E. and Sarah E. (Tarter) Staats, also natives of this county, the
former born in 1858 and the latter in 1863. The family has long been represented
in this state. The paternal grandfather, Isaac W. Staats, left his home in New York,
New York, and made the journey across the plains with ox teams, arriving in Oregon
in 1845. Settling in Polk county, he there took up a donation claim and at once set

228 HISTORY OF OREGON

about the work of clearing and developing his land, which through untiring effort
and determination he at length succeeded in converting into a valuable and productive
tract. He continued to cultivate and improve his land until 1888, when he met an
accidental death by drowning. His wife, Orlena M. Staats, passed away in 1908 at
the advanced age of eighty-eight years. Their son, Clarence E. Staats, was reared
and educated in Polk county and on starting' out in life independently he engaged in
farming, purchasing a tract of land twelve miles south of Dallas, which he continued
to operate until 1919, when he took up his residence in the town and is now living
retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. The mother of the Doctor also survives.

Vivian C. Staats was reared in his native county and there attended school, later
pursuing a course in the Oregon Agricultural College at Corvallis, from which he was
graduated in 1904. He then entered the medical department of St. Louis University
and was graduated therefrom with the class of 1908. His high scholarship won him
the position of interne in a St. Louis hospital, where he gained valuable practical
knowledge. In 1909 he opened an office in Dallas, where he has since continued in
practice, his successful treatment of disease winning for him a large practice. He is
classed with the leading physicians of Polk county, for he has been a close and dis-
criminating student of his profession, and his knowledge and ability have constantly
developed. He also has invested in farm lands in the county and is the owner of a
valuable prune orchard of forty-five acres.

On the 6th of September, 1906, Dr. Staats was united in marriage to Miss Letha
M. Agnew, of San Antonio, Texas, and they have become the parents of a daughter,
Eva Burnice, who was born September 18, 1914. In his political views the Doctor
is a democrat, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist
Episcopal church. He is a Scottish Rite JIason and a member of the Shrine and he
also is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Woodmen of the
World and the United Artisans. His professional connections are with the medical
societies of Polk, Marion and Yamhill counties, the Oregon State Medical Society and
the American Medical Association. He has always made his professional duties his
first consideration, being most thorough and conscientious in the performance of the
work that devolves upon him in this connection. His life is a busy and useful one,
and he is a man whom to know is to esteem and honor.

ELLIOTT E. WHITE.

Elliott E. White, engaged in the hardware and implement business at Browns-
ville and also serving as mayor of his city, is a man of enterprise and progressive
business methods whose efforts are bringing to him substantial and well deserved
success. He was born in the southern portion of Pennsylvania, near the city of Emmits-
burg, Maryland, in October, 1862, a son of Elliott and Clarissa Jane (Waybright)
White, both of whom were natives of the Keystone state. The father engaged in
farming in Pennsylvania and during the Civil war he enlisted for service in the north-
ern army, becoming a member of the Pennsylvania Infantry, with which command
he remained for ninety days. On the expiration of his term of enlistment he was
honorably discharged and returned to the pursuits of civil life, his health being much
impaired by the hardships and privations he had endured while in the service of his
country. Going to Illinois, he resided for about six years in that state and in 1877
went to Kansas, where he purchased land, which he improved and developed, continu-
ing its operation until his demise in 1900, when he was flfty-six years of age. The
mother survives and is yet a resident of the Sunflower state.

Elliott E. White attended school in Illinois, Kansas and Nebraska and remained
at home until he attained his majority, when he engaged in the cultivation of rented
land. Having carefully saved his earnings he was subsequently able to purchase land
in the vicinity of Hutchinson, Kansas, and this he continued to operate until 1906,
when he came to Oregon. Turning his attention to mercantile pursuits, he engaged
in the hardware and farm implement business at Brownsville and has since been
active along that line. He carries a large stock of shelf and heavy hardware and also
deals in farm implements, handling the Case tractors, and he is likewise agent for the
Willys Overland cars. He has a well appointed establishment and his thorough relia-
bility, progressive methods and reasonable prices have secured tor him an extensive
patronage. He is watchful of every detail of his business and of every indication

ELLIOTT E. WHITE

HISTORY OF OREGON 231

pointing to success, and his close application and unfaltering energy have been the
dominant features in his advancement.

In July, 1889, Mr. White was united in marriage to Miss Clara Macklin of Kansas,
and they have become the parents of three children, namely: Ina, who married V. E.
Weber and resides in Portland, Oregon: Ethel B., who is a teacher of music at Tilla-
mook, Oregon; and Blanche M., a teacher in the public schools of Portland.

In his political views Mr. White is a republican and he takes an active and promi-
nent part in the affairs of his community, being a most progressive and public-spirited
citizen. In the fall of 1918 he was elected mayor of Brownsville and in 1919 he assumed
the duties of his office, which he is now capably discharging. His administration is
proving most beneficial, for he has been instrumental in securing many needed munic-
ipal improvements, including the grading, graveling and paving of streets, which work
he finally succeeded in putting through after much opposition. He also served as a
member of the city council for some time, in which connection he also rendered valuable
and important service to the municipality. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic
order and in religious faith he is a Presbyterian, actively and helpfully interested in the
work of the church, in which he is now serving as one of the elders. His genuine
worth, his fidelity in office, his reliability in business and his progressiveness in citi-
zenship have made him highly respected, and his worth is acknowledged by all who
know him.

ALBERT G. PRILL, M. D.

Dr. Albert G. Prill, who for almost a quarter of a century has engaged in the
practice of medicine and surgery at Scio, has won an enviable position among the
prominent representatives of the medical profession in Linn county. He was born in
Springville, New York, May 5, 1869, a son of John and Mary (Tardell) Prill, natives
of Germany, who emigrated to America in 1842. They settled in Erie county. New
York, where the father purchased land thirty miles south of the city of Buffalo, and
to its cultivation and improvement he devoted the remainder of his active life. At
length, however, he retired and took up his residence in Springville, New York, where
his death occurred in 1917, when he was more than ninety years of age. The mother
survived him for but two years, passing away in 1919, at the venerable age of eighty-
six years, and both were highly respected in the community where they made their
home.

Their son, Albert G. Prill, attended the public and high schools of Springville,
New York, later becoming a student at the Griffith Institute. Deciding upon the
practice of medicine as a life work, in 1886 he entered the medical school of the Uni-
versity of Buffalo, from which he was graduated with the class of 1890. Soon there-
after he came west to Oregon and opened an office in Salem, but after six months
removed to Lebanon, Oregon, where he continued in practice until 1896. That year
witnessed his arrival in Scio, Linn county, and he has remained a resident of this
city, his professional skill and ability winning for him a liberal patronage. In addi-
tion to his private practice he has conducted a hospital containing six beds for the
past four years, two trained nurses being in attendance at the institution. He is a
skilled physician and surgeon, whose professional experience has been broad and varied
and whose ability has been constantly promoted, not only by experience but by wide
reading and study, which have kept him abreast with the advancement that is being
continually made in the methods of medical and surgical practice.

In June, 1889, Dr. Prill was united in marriage to Anna C. Satterly Bates and
they became the parents of two children, both of whom died in infancy, Ariel V., pass-
ing away in August, 1891, when a year old.

In his political views the Doctor is a republican and an active worker in behalf
of the party. For the past twelve years he has served as city health officer and he
was also mayor of Scio for three terms of one year each and is now filling that office
for the second two-year term. His administration has proved most beneficial to the
interests of the city and when first elected to the office of mayor he was instrumental
in securing the installation of municipal lighting and water systems and during his
present tenure of office he is improving the power plant by putting in sixty thousand
dollars' worth of new equipment. He also was a member of the town council for a
number of years and his interest in the cause of public education is indicated in the

232 HISTORY OF OREGON

fact that for eighteen years he served as a director of the local school board. In fact,
he is interested in everything that tends to promote the welfare and advancement of
his community and was one of the organizers of the Linn County Fair Association,
of which he was president for eleven years. For the past twelve years the fair has
been held at Scio, but in future the meetings of the association will take place at
Albany. Dr. Prill is much interested in the study of ornithology and is a recognized
authority in that science. He has made some very fine collections and has donated
valuable specimens to the State University at Eugene, to the Smithsonian Institution
at Washington, D. C, and to the museum at Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, con-
stantly adding new specimens in the way of mounted birds, eggs and Indian relics
to the museum of the State University. In religious faith he is a Presbyterian, and
fraternally he is identified with the Masons, belonging to the chapter, commandery and
shrine. He is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights
of Pythias, while his professional connections are with the American Medical Asso-
ciation and the Oregon State and Central Willamette Medical Societies, and of the
latter organization he served for one year as president, thus indicating his high stand-
ing among his colleagues and contemporaries in the profession. The activity of Dr.
Prill in relation to the public welfare has been of wide scope and no man has done
more to further the interests and upbuilding of the town. His life has at all times
measured up to the highest standards and he has ever stood as a man among men,
honored and respected for his sterling worth as well as for his pronounced professional
ability.

HOMER S. WOOD.

Homer S. Wood, the efficient postmaster of Independence, to which office he was
appointed in 1916, is widely and favorably known in this section of Oregon, where he
has spent the greater part of his life. He is a native of Oregon, his birth having
occurred at Brownsville, in Linn county, December 30. 1877. His parents, John H. and
Addie E. (Sperry) Wood, are natives of Missouri and of Brownsville, Oregon, respec-
tively. In 1875, when a young man of twenty years, the father started across the
plains with ox team and wagon for Oregon as a member of a band of emigrants and
on reaching this state settled at Brownsville, where for twelve years he followed the
carpenter's trade. Since first coming to Oregon he has made two trips to the east
but has always returned to his home in the northwest, having great confidence in the
future of this section of the country. Following his residence in Brownsville he
removed to Albany, where he remained for two years, after which he spent a short
time in Portland. He then went to Hardman, Oregon, and for two years engaged in the
raising of sheep, subsequently resuming work as a carpenter, following his trade at
Heppner for two years, after which he went to Arlington, Oregon, and there conducted
a furniture business until 1898. In that year he took up land in Gilliam county,
Oregon, which he cleared and developed and to which he has since added by purchase
being now the owner of over nine hundred acres of valuable and productive land, upon
which in 1920 he raised a wheat crop which netted him forty thousand dollars. He
has been very successful in the conduct of his business interests and is classed with
the substantial and progressive agriculturists of his part of the state. He has taken
an active and prominent part in political affairs and in the '90s was the democratic
candidate for state representative from his district but met defeat at the polls. He
is now seventy-four years of age and his wife has reached the age of sixty-five. They
have a large circle of friends who entertain for them the highest regard and respect.

Their son. Homer S. Wood, was reared at Arlington and there attended the public
schools, later pursuing a three years' course in the Oregon Agricultural College at
Corvallis, but previous to this had been employed for five years in the depot at Arling-
ton, where he learned telegraphy. In 1901 he took up a homestead in Gilliam county
but after proving up on his claim he sold it to his father. Subsequent to his gradua-
tion from college he became connected with the firm of Balfour, Guthrie & Company,
acting as their wheat buyer in Oregon and Washington. He remained in the employ
of that company for a period of eight years and then purchased sixteen acres of land
near Vancouver, Washington, which he continued to cultivate until 1909. In that year
he removed to Independence, where he began work at the carpenter's trade, which he
had learned in young manhood, and was active as a contractor and builder until

HISTORY OF OREGON 233

1916, when he was appointed by President Woodrow Wilson to the ofiBce o£ postmaster
of Independence and is now serving in that capacity, his term of office expiring in
1924. He is proving most capable as a public official, discharging his duties promptly,
faithfully and efficiently. H8 is also cultivating twenty-two acres of land adjoining
the city, of which twelve acres are devoted to the growing of hops, and he likewise
is engaged in raising pure bred white Leghorn chickens, his residence being within
the city limits. He is leading a busy, active and useful life and his enterprise, diligence
and determination have been potent factors in the attainment of the prosperity which
he now enjoys.

On the 20th of July, 1902, Mr. Wood was united in marriage to Miss Eva Robinson,
a daughter of Asa V. and Angle (Osborn) Robinson, the former a native of Kentucky
and the latter of Oregon. The father came to this state about 1S49. settling in southern
Oregon, where he resided for several years and then removed to Independence. Here
he engaged in the drug businass and successfully conducted his store tor many years,
passing away in 1915, while the mother's demise occurred three years later, or in 1918.
Mr. and Mrs. Wood have become the parents of three children, namely: Winona, aged
seventeen, who is a student in the State Normal school at Monmouth; Dorothy, who
is fourteen years of age and is a high school student; and Dale, aged twelve, now
attending the public schools.

Mr. Wood gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and in religious
faith is a Baptist, while fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, the Rebekahs, the Eastern Star, and is also a Chapter Mason. He is
regarded as one of the leading citizens of the community in which he makes his home
and his progressiveness has been a potent element in its continued development.

WILLIAM A. EACHTEL.

The work of improving the public highways in northwestern Oregon is ably cared
for by William A. Eachtel, roadmaster of Multnomah county, to which office he was
appointed in 1918. Mr. Eachtel is a native of the south. He was born in Memphis,
Tennessee, November 25, 1864, and is a son of Andrew and Sarah (Lloyd) Eachtel,
the former a native of Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and the latter of Manchester,
England. The father was an expert mechanic, being especially skilled in the work of
constructing steam engines. In the early '70s he removed with his family to the west,
taking up his residence in Los Angeles, California, where he remained for two years
and then made his way to Virginia City, Nevada. There he continued to make his
home for three years and then went to Bingham Canyon, Utah, where he set up the
first hoisting engine in the state erected by a non-believer in the Mormon faith. Being
favorably impressed with business conditions in that section of the country Mr. Eachtel
there took up his permanent residence and was joined by his family the following year,
both he and his wife passing away in that state. Of their children William A. was
the eldest, the others being Thomas, Charles, George, Frank and Emily.

In the common schools William A. Eachtel acquired his education and when fifteen
years of age started out in life independently, securing work in the smelter at Murray,
Utah, where he was employed for eight years. He then went to Pueblo, Colorado,
where for eight years he was foreman of a company, subsequently returning to Salt
Lake City, Utah, but remained there for only a year and then came to Oregon to take
charge of the smelter at Linnton operated by the Portland Smelting & Refining Com-
pany. He was thus employed for four years and then became furnaceman of the old
Germania smelter at Salt Lake, where he remained for two years. His next posi-
tion was that of engineer for the Linnton (Ore.) Slaughter House and after spending
four years in that capacity he went to Everett, Washington, as foreman of the Everett
smelter. However, he was obliged to abandon that line of work, which was proving
very detrimental to his health, because of the noxious fumes from the metal which
resulted in lead poisoning from which he suffered on seven different occasions. He
then went to Polk county, Oregon, as engineer and acting foreman for the Pacific
Cooperage Company, with which he was connected for two years. In 1904 he was first
employed by Multnomah county as tool dresser and engineer and in the following year
was placed in charge of the convicts who were engaged in working on the public high-
ways and in the quarries. In the spring of 1906 he was transferred by the county
court to the Kelly Butte quarry where he supervised the work of building the quarry

234 HISTORY OF OREGON

and installing machinery, liaving everything in operation by the 6th o£ September,
1906, and he also constructed the quarry at Linnton. His excellent work in this con-
nection led to his appointment to the position of superintendent of quarries in 1908 and
in the following year he was made superintendent of all county machinery and prop-
erties and given charge of the work of planning and supervising all county institutions.
In 191S he was appointed county roadmaster and in addition to the duties of this ofiSce
is still acting in his former capacities, now having under his supervision about five
hundred county employes. He thus has charge of all roads, bridges, ferries, quarries,
road construction work, county machinery and properties in Multnomah county and
his is a most responsible position. He is fully equal to the heavy demands made upon
him in this connection and is discharging his duties in a thoroughly capable and
efficient manner, his services being of great value to the county. Like his father he
is an expert mechanic and is thus able intelligently to direct the labors of those under
his charge, securing excellent results. «

In 1886 Mr. Eachtel was united in marriage to Miss Gertie Hengeveld, a resident
of Pueblo, Colorado, and of Holland Dutch descent, who has passed away. They be-
came the parents of five children: William, who is in charge of the Kelly Butte
quarry; Grace, who married A. R. Fairbanks, a civil engineer; Gertrude, the wife of
Howard Cross, a teamster; Charles, an expert automobile mechanic, who received his
instruction at the Benson Polytechnic school and who enlisted as a soldier in the
World war, being at Camp Eustace when the armistice was signed; and Nellie, the
wife of W. J. Boland, a bricklayer by trade.

In his political views Mr. Eachtel is a stalwart republican, active -in support of
the principles and candidates of the party but without ambition for office holding, his
positions having all been obtained through appointment. He is a member of the
Grange and fraternally is identified with the Rebekahs, the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows of which he has been a member for thirty-four years, the Eastern Star and is
a Scottish Rite Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine. He also holds membership
in the Elks, the Woodmen of the World and the American Association of Engineers.
As roadmaster of Multnomah county he has done much to improve the public high-
ways of northwestern Oregon, thus greatly aiding in developing the resources of the
state and the worth of his work is widely acknowledged. Moreover, he is deserving of
much credit and honor as a self-made man, who, starting out In life empty-handed, has
worked his way steadily upward, prompted thereto by a laudable ambition, his individ-
ual merit and ability winning for him a position of prominence and importance and
he stands today a splendid type of American manhood and citizenship.

HON. ROBERT M. VEATCH.

Hon. Robert M. Veatch, who is now living retired at Cottage Grove, was formerly
prominently identified with legislative activities in the state 'and has done much to
shape public thought and opinion, leaving the impress of his individuality upon the
history of the state, and in his public service he has ever looked beyond the exigencies
of the moment to the opportunities and possibilities of the future. Mr. Veatch was
born in White county, Illinois, June 5, 1843, a son of Isaac and Mary (Miller) Veatch,
the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Georgia. The father was a
cabinet-maker and blacksmith, and removing to eastern Illinois when that section of
the country was largely a wilderness, he there followed his trade. Subsequently he
went to Iowa and in that state worked at his trade and likewise engaged in missionary
work until 1880, when he came to Oregon, residing with his son Robert at Cottage
Grove and also with another son, until his death in 1882. The mother had long pre-
ceded him to the Home beyond, her demise occurring in 1846.

Robert M. Veatch acquired his early education in Iowa, but his educational oppor-
tunities while there residing were very limited, as he was obliged to work for his
board and had but little time to devote to study. Thinking to find greater oppor-
tunities in the Pacific coast country, he crossed the plains to California in 1864 with a
wagon train. Three months were spent in the Golden state and he then came to
Oregon to join his three brothers, who were residing in Lane county. They induced
him to remain and he continued his education in the schools of Creswell while later
he was for one year a student in the Eugene Academy. He likewise attended the
Willamette University tor a year and subsequently was graduated from the State

HON. ROBERT M. VEATCH

HISTORY OF OREGON 237

Agricultural College at Corvallis with the class of 1S71. In order to meet the expenses
of securing an education he had been compelled to incur a debt of three hundred dollars
and he resolutely set himself to the task of meeting this obligation. He at first engaged
in the profession of teaching, which he successfully followed for a period of seven
years, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge he had acquired. He then
purchased a farm six miles east of Cottage Grove and in securing this property was
obliged to borrow the sum of three thousand dollars, paying interest on the same
at the rate of twelve per cent. With resolute and determined spirit he began the
cultivation and improvement of the land, which he continued to operate for a period
of ten years, converting it into a valuable property, free from all indebtedness. In
the meantime his fellow citizens, recognizing his worth and ability, had called him
to public office and in 18S2 he was elected to represent his district in the lower house
of the state legislature. He rendered such valuable and effective service in that con-
nection that in 1884 he was honored with reelection, while in 1886 he was called to
the state senate, and reelected in 1S88, being accorded a larger majority at each succeed-
ing election. As senator and representative he gave thoughtful and earnest considera-
tion to the vital problems which came up for settlement, earnestly supporting all bills
which he believed would prove beneficial to the commonwealth, and his legislative
career was one over which there tell no shadow of wrong nor suspicion of evil. Fol-
lowing his service as state senator he was appointed registrar of the land ofBce at
Roseburg, Oregon, which office he filled most creditably for four and a half years and
then resigned to engage in the hardware business at Cottage Grove. He was thus
active from 1896 until 1917 in connection with his two sons, but at the latter date dis-
posed of his mercantile interests and is now living retired in the enjoyment of a
well earned rest.

On the 13th of March, 1872, Mr. Veatch was united in marriage to Miss Seraphina
Currin who passed away February 28, 1884, after a short illness. Mr. and Mrs. Veatch
became the parents of three children: Henry H., who resides in Cottage Grove;
Ermine, who is the wife of J. E. Young, a leading attorney of Cottage Grove; and
John C, who is filling the office of assistant United States attorney in Portland.

For a number of years Mr. Veatch served as mayor of Cottage Grove and in this
connection rendered most important public service, giving to the city a businesslike
and progressive administration characterized by many needed reforms and improve-
ments. As a public official his activities have thus been varied in extent and no man
has done more to further the interests and upbuilding of his city and state, his in-
fluence being ever on the side of progress and improvement, of right and reform. His
political allegiance is given to the democratic party. He was appointed by Governor
Chamberlain as a delegate to the Trans-Mississippi Congress at Portland. Also
elected as delegate to the National Democratic Convention, held in Kansas City, which
nominated William J. Bryan. His connection along fraternal lines is with the Masonic
order, whose beneficent principles have ever been a guiding force in his lite. Mr.
Veatch is a self-made man who has gained success and prominence through individual
merit and ability. Although at times he had to confront difficulties and obstacles in
his career, his determined purpose enabled him to press steadily forward to the goal
of success and his life record is one of which he has every reason to be proud.

EDMUND J. LABBE, M. D.

Dr. Edmund J. Labbe, physician and surgeon, was born in Portland, Oregon, Decem-
ber 15, 1872, a son of John and Angeline (Mathiot) Labbe. The father was born in
France and came to Oregon in 1861. He established the second grocery store in Port-
land about 1862, conducting the business under the firm style of Labbe Brothers. He
remained actively connected with the trade until 1890, when he retired from business.
His wife was a native of Ohio and was but an infant when brought to Oregon in 1857,
the family settling on French Prairie in that year. Her parents had emigrated from
France, where her brothers and sisters were born, but Mrs. Labbe's birth occurred
after the parents had arrived in the new world. She survived her husband for only
three years, passing away in Portland in 1911.

Dr. Labbe spent the days of- his boyhood and youth in his native city and after
attending the public schools went east to become a student in the University of Vir-
ginia and also attended Columbia University of New York. It was in the latter

238 HISTORY OF OREGON

institution that he pursued his professional course and was graduated with the M. D.
degree in 1S95. He is now limiting his practice to obstetrics and dise.ases of children
but for some time continued in general practice. For three years he practiced in the
New York Hospital and in the Sloan Hospital before entering upon the work of his
profession in Portland in 1S98. He is now serving on the staff of the Good Samaritan
Hospital in Portland and is regarded as an expert in the branches of the profession
in which he now specializes.

Dr. Labbe was with the Red Cross in the World war, having charge of children
in the devastated areas. He held a captain's commission and was turned over by the
American army to the Third French army because of his recognized usefulness to the
French, owing to his command of the French language. At Evian he established a
hospital for children, who were sent back from behind the German lines and for seven
months was the physician in chief of that hospital, with a staff of seven assistant phy-
sicians, one dentist, twenty nurses and fifteen Red Cross aides under his supervision.
He has some most interesting as well as most pathetic pictures of the American soldiers
at the front and also of the French refugees and the story of the misery that was
caused by Germany's attempt to establish a world rule is to him a most familiar
one by reason of the suffering and misery which was brought on through the horrors
of war.

Dr. Labbe was married to Miss Olive L. Tappen of New York City, and they have
two children: John T., nine years of age; and Louise E. Dr. Labbe is a member of
the Phi Kappa Psi, a college fraternity, but has not taken upon himself many member-
ship relations, preferring to concentrate his efforts and energy upon his professional
duties, which are constantly growing in volume and importance. He is accorded a
liberal practice in Portland in addition to his hospital work and is a recognized author-
ity upon obstetrics and children's diseases.

LEE M. TRAVIS.

Lee M. Travis, who since 1901 has engaged in the practice of law at Eugene, spec-
ializing in the field of commercial law, deserves classification with the able attorneys
of his part of the state. He was born in Howard, Steuben county. New York. June 20,
1874, his parents being the Rev. Gould J. and Ella (Ford) Travis. The father's birth
occurred in Poughkeepsie, New York. He had the advantage of liberal educational
training, attending Hamilton College and also becoming a student at the Rochester
(N. Y.) Theological Seminary. In 1889 he came to Oregon, being called to the pastorate
of the Baptist church at Eugene, with which he was continuously connected until he met
death in a runaway accident. He exerted a strongly marked influence for good in the
community and his genuine personal worth was recognized by all who knew him. He
was prominent in the Masonic order.

Lee M. Travis attended school in the east to the age of fifteen years, when he
accompanied his parents on their removal to Oregon, subsequently becoming a student
in the University of Oregon, from which he was graduated with the class of 1897.
Imbued with the spirit of patriotic devotion to his country he volunteered for service
in the Spanish-American war, enlisting in 1898 as a member of Company C, Second
Regiment of Oregon Volunteers, and was sent to the Philippines, where he served with
his regiment until honorably discharged at the close of his term of enlistment.

Choosing the legal profession as a life work he pursued the regular course of study
in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and was graduated from that institution
with the class of 1900, at which time the LL. B. degree was conferred upon him. In
the meantime, however, he had been admitted to the Oregon bar at Salem in 1899 and
on the 1st of January, 1901, he opened an office in Eugene and has since successfully
practiced his profession in this city, specializing in the field of commercial law. His
practice is large and of a distinctively representative character and his devotion to his
clients' interests is proverbial. He is a strong and able lawyer, clear and concise in
his presentation of a cause, logical in his deductions and sound in his reasoning, while
;n the application of a legal principle he is seldom, if ever, at fault. He has a well
appointed law office and is the possessor of a large library, with whose contents he
is familiar.

In 1893 Mr. Travis was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Baker, a daughter of
Fred C. Baker, who is the editor of the Tillamook (Ore.) Headlight. Mr. and Mrs.

HISTORY OF OREGON 239

Travis have become the parents of two children: Frederick and Gould. He takes an
active interest in political affairs and is recognized as one of the local leaders of the
democratic party, having served as chairman of the county central committee. He was
a member of the Panama Canal Commission for the San Francisco Exposition in 1915.
Mr. Travis is well known in various fraternal organizations, holding membership in
the Acacia Fraternity, while in Masonry he has attained high rank, belonging to Eugene
Lodge, No. 11, A. P. & A. M., in which he is a past master; Eugene Chapter, No. 10,
R. A. M.; Ivanhoe Commandery, No. 3, K. T.; and Al Kader Temple A. A. 0. N. M. S.
He is likewise a member of Eugene Lodge, No. 357, B. P. O. E.; Eugene Camp, No. 115,
W. 0. W.; Eugene Aerie, No. 275, F. 0. E.; and the Order of the Hoo Hoos. His ideals
of lite are high and he utilizes every opportunity to climb to their level. His life is
actuated by a spirit of progressiveness that recognizes and utilizes opportunities and he
is widely known in this part of the state through his professional, fraternal and political
relations.

L. GUY LEWELLING.

L. Guy Lewelling, attorney at law who is filling the office of city recorder of Albany,
is a native of Nebraska, his birth having occurred at Kearney, September 8, 1882. He
is a son of Asa and Amanda V. (Hord) Lewelling, the former a native of Illinois and
the latter of Virginia. For a considerable period the father was an instructor in the
Illinois Reform School, but owing to ill health was obliged to resign that position and
went to Nebraska, taking up a homestead near Kearney. This he improved and de-
veloped and while there residing was elected county clerk of Phelps county, in which
office he served for one term. In 1892 he crossed the plains to Oregon, hoping that
the milder climate of this state would prove beneficial to his wife's health. He settled
in Linn county, where he rented land, but following his wife's death in 1895 he removed
to Albany and while here residing was appointed deputy sheriff, serving in that ca-
pacity for four years or two terms. During his second term in the office he married
Mary E. Blevins, a daughter of Andrew J. and Alvilda Blevins, who were pioneers of
Oregon, coming to this state in the early '50s. Following the completion of his service
as sheriff Asa Lewelling resumed his farming operations, in which he has continued,
being now seventy-five years of age. He is an honored veteran of the Civil war, having
served as a member of an Iowa regiment. While in Texas he was captured and in
company with three others managed to escape from prison and make his way to safety.
His uncle, Alfred Lewelling, established the first nurseries in this state at Milwaukie,
and in the museum of the Oregon Historical Society is to be seen the first cherry tree
planted in the state by Mr. Lewelling. These trees were hauled across the plains from
Iowa with ox teams and were then transplanted in the soil of Oregon.

L. Guy Lewelling was but ten years of age when he accompanied his parents on
their removal to Oregon and his early education was acquired in the schools of
Nebraska and of Albany, Oregon. Subsequently he became a student in the Albany
College and was graduated therefrom in 1899, when seventeen years of age. He then
taught school in Benton and Linn counties for two years, after which he went to
Salem and there attended night school for one year, pursuing the study of law, for it
was his desire to become a member of the bar. That his education was obtained under
difficulties is shown in the fact that in order to meet the expenses of his schooling he
secured employment at the state prison, which was then under the supervision of
Governor Chamberlain, who later became United States senator from Oregon. Enter-
ing Willamette University, he there pursued a law course, still continuing his work at
the prison, and was graduated from Willamette University in June, 1911, at which time
the LL. B. degree was conferred upon him. In the same month he was admitted to the
bar and coming to Albany he opened an office and has continued in practice here. In
1915 he was elected city recorder and municipal judge and his efficient service in that
connection won him reelection in 1917 and in 1920 he was elected district attorney
taking office January 1, 1921, in which position he is discharging his duties most
capably and efficiently. His knowledge of the law is comprehensive and exact and he is
regarded as a most able jurist.

On the 13th of October, 1912, Mr. Lewelling was united in marriage to Miss Edna
Blevins and they have become the parents of two sons: Asa Lorenzo, who was born
April 4, 1915, and Alfred Blevins, born July 11, 1920. Mr. Lewelling gives his political

240 HISTORY OF OREGON

allegiance to the republican party and in 1912 he was elected to represent his district
in the state legislature, where he gave earnest and thoughtful consideration to all the
vital questions which came up tor settlement and earnestly fought for the support of
bills which he believed to be of great benefit to the public at large. His fraternal
connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Masons and the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and in the last named organization he has attained
high rank, having passed through all the chairs in the lodge and also filled the office
of exalted ruler. He is patriotic and public-spirited and during the World war ren-
dered important and valuable service to the government as a member of the executive
board during the Liberty Loan campaigns and also served on the Council of Defense
and the Legal Advisory Board, laying aside all business interests and devoting his
time and aid to the support of his country at this most critical period of its history.
He is a splendid example of American manhood and chivalry and his standing as lawyer
and citizen is of the highest.

JAMES P. FAILING.

Portland, the Rose City, with its broad thoroughfares, its splendid business enter-
prises, its beautiful homes, magnificent churches and schools, grew to its present pro-
portions within the memory of James F. Failing, whose name is inseparably associated
with the history of the city and its development. For many years he was closely
connected with mercantile interests and at the time of his d6ath was the oldest hard-
ware merchnnt on the coast. In various other ways he left the impress of his indi-
viduality and ability upon the records of the state, for he figured not only in commercial
but also in banking circles and was active in connection with the educational and
moral progress of the community. He was born March 24, 1842, in the city of New
York, so that the width of the continent long separated him from his birthplace.
His parents were Josiah and Henrietta (Ellison) Failing, the former a native of New
York, while the latter was born in Charleston, South Carolina. The father came to
Oregon in 1851 with his two sons, Henry and John W., making the trip by way of the
Isthmus of Panama and proceeding northward along the Pacific coast to the Columbia
and thence to Portland. James F. Failing journeyed westward in company with his
mother, a sister and one brother, making the trip around Cape Horn and joining the
husband and father at Portland.

James F. Failing was at that time a youth of but eleven years. He had begun
his education in the schools of his native city and continued his studies in Portland,
attending the old Portland Academy, which at that time was known as the Portland
Academy and Female Seminary. He started out in the business world as a clerk in
his father's store, a general merchandise establishment which was conducted under
the firm style of J. Failing & Company. It was located in the heart of the Portland
settlement by the Willamette at a point now designated as First and Oak streets. For
a time Mr. Failing clerked for a brother, with whom he remained in business for sev-
eral years and then became a partner in the firm of Corbett, Failing & Company,
which for an extended period was one of the foremost firms conducting business in
Portland. This hardware business still continues under the name of the Failing-Mc-
Calman Company, in which Mr. Failing's three sons, Edward J., John C. and Frederick
E., are interested. Mr. Failing was president of the firm at the time of his death,
although he has not been active in the conduct of the business from 1900. His store
was among the first two or three merchandise establishments in Portland and for some
years was the oldest hardware business on the coast. Mr. Failing did not confine
his efforts entirely to one line, however, for in 1877 he became a director of the First
National Bank and was still senior director of the establishment when he passed away.
He was likewise a representative of the directorate of the Security Savings & Trust
Company.

On the 27th of May, 1880, Mr. Failing was united in marriage to Miss Jane J.
Conner, a daughter of John Conner, of Albany, Oregon. Piv« children were born of
this marriage, all of whom are living, namely: Edward J., Kate W., John C, Henri-
etta C. and Frederick E. The daughter Kate has for a year and a half been engaged
as a Baptist missionary in Soutli India, now located in Ongole, in the Guntur district.

Throughout his life Mr. Failing was a most consistent and earnest member of the
First Baptist church of Portland, now known as the White Temple. He served for

JAMES F. FAILING

HISTORY OP OREGON 243

many years as its treasurer and was a trustee and deacon at the time of his demise.
He was lilcewise in former years a director of the Young Men's Christian Association
and his interest in educational activities was manifest in his service as a trustee of
McMinnville College for several years. He was active in the Oregon Pioneer Society,
was a member of the Oregon Historical Society and of the Auld Lang Syne Society.
He long gave his political allegiance to the republican party. While he was never an
office seeker he stanchly supported all movements for the public good and his worth
as a man and a citizen was widely acknowledged. As a merchant his name ever stood
as a synonym for integrity and enterprise in business and the character of the inter-
ests which he conducted brought to Portland a considerable share of trade, leading to
its further development as the years passed. Throughout the intervening period from
1853 to the time of his death on October 19, 1920, or for more than two-thirds of a
century, James F. Failing lived in Portland and witnessed the development of the
city from a small town containing only one or two streets — the principal ones being
Front and First streets near the river — to a city of metropolitan proportions with all
of the advantages and opportunities of the older east, while its beauty as the Rose
City has become renowned throughout the world. Mr. Failing ever took an active part
in furthering those interests which have had to do with public progress and improve-
ment and his aid was ever on the side of advancement. The worth of his work can
scarcely be overestimated, as there was no line of development — material, intellectual,
social, political or moral — in which he was not keenly interested and bore his part
in bringing about the results which make Portland a Mecca to every tourist to the
Pacific coast.

C. EDWIN STANARD.

C. Edwin Stanard, a lifelong resident of this state, who for over three decades has
been continuously connected with mercantile interests of Brownsville, is a man of
most enterprising and progressive spirit, constantly taking forward steps along busi-
ness lines. His entire life has been passed in this vicinity, for he was born three and
a half miles northwest of Brownsville, February 22, 1860, a son of A. W. and Eliza-
beth (Hill) Stanard, the former a native of New Hampshire and the latter of Missouri.
In 1852 the father started across the plains from Missouri with ox teams, Oregon being
his destination. Settling in Linn county, he took up land near Brownsville, which he
cleared and developed, adding thereto many improvements which greatly enhanced its
value. He also engaged in stock raising and was very successful in all of his business
enterprises, being classed with the substantial men of his community. He continued
to reside upon his ranch until two years before his demise, when he removed to
Brownsville and there lived retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. His posi-
tion was one of prominence in his section of the state and he filled many important
public otBces, serving as county clerk of Linn county for two terms and also as mayor
of Albany. He likewise represented Linn county in the state legislature for two
terms, giving careful and thoughtful consideration to all the vital questions which
came up for settlement, his aid and influence being ever on the side of advancement and
improvement. He passed away in 1917, while the mother's demise occurred in 1916.
Coming to Oregon in pioneer times, they shared in the hardships and privations of
frontier life and aided in laying broad and deep the foundation upon which has been
built the present progress and prosperity of the state. Their confidence in the future
of Oregon was great and they lived to see it justified.

Their son, C. Edwin Stanard, was reared and educated in Linn county, attending
the public schools of Albany, and for one year was a student in the State University at
Eugene. He then entered business life as clerk in a store in Brownsville, where he
remained from 1878 until 1880. Having carefully saved his earnings until he had
accumulated the sum of four hundred dollars, he started a little notion store in
Brownsville, which he successfully conducted for three years, when he was appointed
postmaster of the town by President Harrison and served in that capacity for a period
of five years, proving a courteous and capable official. In 1889 he engaged in general
merchandising in partnership with a Mr. Cable and this association was maintained
for twenty years, at the end of which time Mr. Stanard purchased the interest of
his partner and admitted his son, H. Wayne Stanard, into the firm, which then became
known as C. E. Stanard & Son, under which style it is now operating. They carry an

244 HISTORY OF OREGON

extensive and carefully selected stock of general merchandise and their courteous treat-
ment of patrons, reliable and progressive business methods and reasonable prices have
secured for them a liberal patronage. Mr. Stanard is a man of keen business discern-
ment and sound judgment and in the conduct of his business affairs has met with well
deserved success. He has also become interested in farm lands in Linn county, from
which he derives a good revenue, and whatever he undertakes he carries forward to
successful completion.

In October, 1S81, Mr. Stanard was united in marriage to Miss Olive Averill and
they have become the parents of two children: H. Wayne, born in October, 1SS4, is
now a member of the firm of C. E. Stanard & Son and is ably assisting his father in
the conduct of their extensive mercantile business. He married Edna Hodson, by whom
he has two children, Boyce and James; Lela F. married W. F. Whealdon and they
reside at Portland, Oregon.

In his political views Mr. Stanard is a democrat and he has been called to positions
of public trust, having for several terms served as mayor of Brownsville and has also
filled the offices of councilman and school director, his services in these connections
proving of great value to the city. His fraternal relations are with the Woodmen of
the World and the Masons, his membership being in the Royal Arch Chapter, and in
religious faith he is a Baptist. As a business man his course has been marked by
steady advancement, for he has closely studied trade conditions and the wants of the
public and in conducting his store has made it his purpose to be always ready to meet
public needs and demands. He is everywhere spoken of as a citizen of worth, possess-
ing many sterling traits of character which have been of value in the upbuilding and
progress of the community and which have won for him the high regard of all who
know him.

JOHN G. EUSON.

John G. Euson, Portland representative of the General Steamship Corporation,
which has its headquarters in San Francisco, comes of a family long connected with
maritime interests. He is, as it were, "to the manner born," inheriting his love of
the sea from his ancestors. His grandfather was a British naval officer and his father
was a British subject and a seafaring man in his early life.

John G. Euson was born in Portland, May 7, 1890, and in the acquirement of his
education passed through the successive grades in the grammar and high schools and
later attended the Portland Business College. He completed his education in 1907 and
at once entered upon the line of activity to which he has since devoted his efforts. He
first entered the employ of the American Hawaiian Steamship Company, with which he
was connected until 1917, when he entered the United States navy. He entered the
United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, where he received a paymaster's commis-
sion and was assigned to sea duty, running to France, the North Sea and the Medi-
terranean. On the 1st of October, 1920, Mr. Euson, who had been representative for the
Parr-McCormick Company at Portland, took charge of the local office of the General
Steamship Corporation, bringing to his new position the experience which he had
gained as a former representative of the American Hawaiian, the Columbia-Pacific and
the Parr-McCormick steamship interests. The General Steamship Corporation operates
a line to South America, New Zealand, Java and Australia and from coast to coast ports.

O. L. PRICE.

O. L. Price, executor of the Pittock estate and vice president of the Northwestern
Bank of Portland. Oregon, is an alert, wide-awake and enterprising young business
man. He was born April 25, 1877, in Champaign county, Illinois, where he attended the
common schools while spending his youthful days on the home farm. The summer
months were devoted to the work of the fields and his training was of a character that
enabled him readily to recognize the real values of life and its opportunities. He seems
to possess in large measure the spirit of enterprise which has been the dominant factor
in the upbuilding and development of the northwest and the soundness of his business
judgment is indicated in the fact that he was made the sole executor of the Pittock

HISTORY OF OREGON 245

estate and also one of the trustees which position puts him in touch in an official way
with all of the Pittock interests. His business activities are of a very broad character,
for he is now the secretary and a member of the board of directors of the Oregonian
Publishing Company, is the vice president and a member of the board of the Portland
Trust Company and is on the board of over twenty other corporations representing a
varied line of industrial and commercial interests, all identified with the Pittock estate.
He is the vice president of the Northwestern Bank and is a man of most sound judg-
ment and keen discrimination, readily determining between the essential and the non-
essential in all business affairs. His knowledge of the law has been of immense benefit
to him, for in 1900 he was admitted to the bar, having graduated from the Pacific College
of Newbure. He practiced law for six years and served as legal and confidential adviser
to Mr. Pittock, and his comprehensive knowledge of the business thus gained qualified
him for the onerous and responsible duties which he took up as executor of the estate.
In 1903 Mr. Price was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Behirrell of Portland,
and they have two children, Hazel Mary and Betty. Mrs. Price is a daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. W. H. Beharrell, who came to Portland in the '80s, and her father is now local
manager for Haywood Brothers & Wakefield. Mr. and Mrs. Price occupy an enviable
social position and high regard is entertained for them by all with whom they have
been brought into contact.

FLOYD D. MOORE.

Floyd D. Moore, now serving for a second term as county clerk and recorder of
Polk county, is a courteous and obliging official, thoroughly fitted for the work of his
office, into which he has introduced a number of new methods and short cuts which
have greatly facilitated the discharge of his duties, making his services very v^lu-ible
to the public. He has also gained prominence as an educator and is a man of broad
culture and high intellectual attainments.

Mr. Moore was born at Moorefleld, Nebraska, May 4, 1888, and is a son of A. A.
and E. A. Moore, natives of Illinois, where the father followed farming pursuits. Sub-
sequently he went to Nebraska and there took up land, which he cleared and developed,
his father and two brothers also becoming residents of that part of the state, and it
was upon a portion of this land that the town of Moorefield was later founded, being
named in honor of the family. In 1901 A. A. Moore drove across the country to Wyo-
ming, settling in Wheatland, where for three years he engaged in the transfer business.
He then made the overland trip to Oregon, first locating in Merrill, where he conducted
a dairy for a year, at the end of which time he removed to Talent, Oregon, and there
resided for some time. In 1912 he became a resident of Monmouth, Oregon, purchasing
a farm on which he still makes his home, being now sixty-nine years of age, while the
mother is sixty-one.

Their son, Floyd D. Moore, pursued his education in the schools of Nebraska and
Wyoming. He accompanied his parents on their removal to the Pacific coast country,
driving a mule team from Wyoming to Oregon. Desirous of securing the best educa-
tion obtainable, he worked his way through the normal school at Ashland, Oregon, where
he injured his hip in a game of football. His work in that institution later enabled
him to secure a life certificate by examination in 1917 as a teacher in the schools of the
state and he then filled various positions in Portland.

In 1910 he went to Portland and later followed work as foreman for a contractor,
doing concrete and excavation work. In the year 1912 he became injured while working
in this capacity, which necessitated the removal of the hip joint. After recovery from
this operation he became engaged in teaching school in the state of Washington and
later was principal at Marquam in Clackamas county, Oregon. He was principal of the
Sylvan school near Portland for two years. During this time he decided to enter the
regular profession and became a student in the night school of the North Western
College of Law where he remained for a year and also pursued a business course dur-
ing the same time in the Lincoln high school, attending the night sessions in the above
mentioned schools. Subsequently he became assistant superintendent of the schools of
Polk county, in which position he served for three years, most capably performing his
work in that connection. Previous to this, however, he had still further qualified for
educational work by attendance at the Monmouth (Ore.) Normal school, where he was
an active member of the council of the student body and also gained prominence as an

246 HISTOKY OF OREGON

orator. He thus became exceptionally well fitted for his work as an educator, impart-
ing clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he had acquired and doing much
to improve the curriculum and the methods of instruction followed in the county. He
has ever held to high ideals in relation to the schools and has contributed in marked
measure to the educational advancement of the state. He has not, however, abandoned
his desire to become a member of the legal profession and is still pursuing his law
studies. In 1918 Mr. Moore was elected to the office of county clerk and recorder of
Polk county and his excellent service in that connection led to his reelection without
opposition, so that he is still in that office. He is systematic, prompt and accurate in
his work and all departments of the office are efficiently managed, his services proving
most satisfactory to the public. He has also made investments in farm lands and his
determined spirit and laudable ambition have been salient features in the attainment
of success.

On the 24th of August, 1919, Mr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Marion
Bliven of Salem, Oregon, who for several years was a successful teacher in the Polk
county schools. In his political views Mr. Moore is a republican, doing everything in
his power to advance the welfare of the party and promote its success. He is promi-
nent and active in public affairs in his section of the state and served as chairman of
the Roosevelt Memorial Association of Polk county, while for two years he has been
president of the local Chautauqua Association. He is a member of the city council
and his influence is always on the side of progress and improvement. His wife is a
member of the Methodist church and her life is influenced by its teachings. Fraternally
Mr. Moore is identified with the Masonic order, in which he has held office, and he also
belongs to the Knights of Pythias, being a past chancellor commander of the lodge.
He is also connected with Abd-Uhl Atef Temple of the Dramatic Order of the Knights
of Khorassan at Portland and with the Modern Woodmen of America, serving as clerk
in the last named order at Dallas, Oregon. Mr. Moore is ever ready to give his support
to measures for the promotion of the public welfare and as a county official he has
discharged his duties in such a way as to earn the encomiums of the general public.
He is a self-made man and is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished,
lor he started out in life empty-handed and has worked his way steadily upward by
persistent energy and unfaltering enterprise. His record should serve to inspire and
encourage others, showing what may be achieved when there is the will to dare and
to do.

J. O. WILSON.

J. O. Wilson, head manager for the Woodmen of the World, was born in Port Huron,
Michigan, August 23, 1883, and was a little lad of six years when in 1889 he accompanied
his parents to Montana. His father, Lewis Wilson, became a stockman of that state and
the son can readily recall the time when they were forced to mount their horses and in
all haste make for the post in order to escape the outrages of the Indians, the family
seeking needed protection at the post. The mother, who bore the maiden name of
Sophronia Church, has passed away.

In his youthful days J. O. Wilson was a pupil in the public schools near Chinook,
Montana, and afterward attended the Montana University at Helena and completed hia
education by a special business course in Caton College at Minneapolis, Minnesota. He
then returned to Montana and lor one year was connected with the fruit industry In
that state.

On the expiration of that period Mr. Wilson became manager lor the Singer Sewing
Machine Company, a position which he occupied for three years. He then went to
Spokane and took up the fraternal work of the Brotherhood of American Yeomen, re-
maining in that connection for two years. Later he removed to Portland and acted as
district manager for the Woodmen of the World for two years, at the end of which
time he was elected clerk of the Portland camp and filled the office for a decade. In
June, 1920, he was elected head manager for the entire order in the United States,
which has its headquarters at Denver, and he makes trips four times a year to that
city. He is the youngest man who has ever filled this position and such was the con-
fidence reposed in him that he was elected by unanimous vote. The membership of the
order is now over one hundred and thirty-five thousand and there are five thousand in
the Portland camp, this being the largest beneficiary camp of any beneficiary order in the

HISTORY OF OREGON 247

United States. Mr. Wilson is a member of many fraternal organizations. He possesses
the ready adaptability, tact and fraternal spirit that makes him so popular in the dif-
ferent organizations and, moreover, he is a most impressive orator. His efforts are
contributing much to the upbuilding of the Woodmen of the World and in Oregon alone
there are now twenty-three thousand members.

In 1903 Mr. Wilson was united in marriage to Miss Clara Will, a daughter of John
H. and Susanah (Schreckenghast) Will, of Minneapolis, Minnesota, both representatives
of old American families. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have been born four children:
Laverne, Harriet, Lorena and Ilo Will, the last named being ten years of age. Mr.
Wilson is the owner of large property interests in Montana, which he inherited from his
parents. He is an alert and enterprising business man, possessing splendid powers of
organization and executive ability. He has always taken an active interest in repub-
lican politics and was one of the managers of the C. A. Bigelow campaign. He stands
loyally by any cause which he espouses and manifests a most progressive spirit in his
support of anything which he undertakes to do.

CLYDE N. JOHNSTON.

Clyde N. Johnston, district attorney for Lane county, to which oflice he was elected
in the November, 1920, election, is justly classed with the able lawyers of Oregon. He
was born in Logan, Hocking county, Ohio, September 19, 1886, a son of Thomas and
Josephine (lies) Johnston, also natives of the Buckeye state. The father was likewise
an attorney, who in the early days became a resident of Fostoria, Ohio, where he engaged
in the practice of his profession during the remainder of his life, winning a place of
distinction at the bar of the state. He passed away in November, 1913, but the mother
survives.

Clyde N. Johnston was reared and educated at Fostoria, Ohio, and subsequently en-
tered the law school of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he was
graduated with the class of 1-908 with the LL. B. degree. He then became associated with
his father in practice at Fostoria, thus continuing for one year, and in 1909 came west to
Oregon. For a year he taught school at Cove, Union county, and in 1910 and 1911 was in
the employ of the Union Meat Company at Portland. He was assistant principal of the
high school at Eugene from 1911 until 1915 and in the latter year removed to Junction
City, where he opened a law office. He has since practiced his profession in this city
and has built up a good clientage, for he has displayed marked ability in the conduct
of intricate cases. In November, 1920, he was elected to the office of district attorney for
Lane county, for which he was the nominee on both tickets. He is making an excellent
record in office, carefully safeguarding the legal interests of his district and at all times
proving worthy of the trust reposed in him by his constituents. Since 1915 he has also
served in the office of city attorney and is giving excellent satisfaction in that connec-
tion, his ability in the line of his profession being widely recognized. He prepares his
cases with great earnestness, thoroughness and care, presents his cause clearly and
cogently, and by reason of the unmistakable logic of his deductions wins many cases.

On the 9th of September, 1908, Mr. Johnston was united in marriage to Miss Grace
Hollopeter, a daughter of Dr. Charles and Eva (Hatfield) Hollopeter. the former a native
of Ohio and the latter of Kentucky. The father, who was a physician, followed his pro-
fession in Fostoria for a numlrer of years and in 1903 came west to Oregon, opening
an office in Portland, where he successfully practiced his profession during his remaining
years. He passed away in 1917 and the mother survived him for but a year, her death
occurring in 1918. Mr. and Mrs. Johnston have become the parents of two children:
Janet, who was born June 7, 1915; and Helen, born April 10, 1918.

Mr. Johnston gives his political allegiance to the republican party and has taken
a most active and prominent part in public affairs of his locality, serving for one term
as mayor of Junction City, and while a resident of Fostoria, Ohio, he served for eight
months as chief executive of the city and also filled the office of justice of the peace.
Fraternally he is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and along the line of his profession he is identi-
fied with the Oregon State Bar Association. His religious faith is indicated by his
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. While residing in Eugene Mr. Johnston
devoted his summer vacation periods to work as a member of the Fire Patrol in the
interests of the timber association and the government and during his connection with

248 HISTORY OF OREGON

the high school of that city he also acted as athletic director. While the World war was
in progress he served as chairman of his committee for several local drives and thus
rendered valuable assistance in promoting the work of the government. The activity
of Mr. Johnston in relation to the public welfare has thus been of wide scope. He has
ever been loyal to any public trust reposed in him and at all times his record has been
such as would bear the closest investigation and scrutiny. He has ever conformed his
practice to the highest ethical standards of the profession and Lane county numbers
him among her most able attorneys and valued citizens.

THOMAS WHITEHORN.

Thomas Whitehorn, president of the Corvallis State Bank and a leading figure
in financial circles in Benton county, is also prominent in other connections, having
been one of the organizers of the Pacific States Insurance Company and the Portland
Cement Company, and he is likewise the owner of considerable city property. He pos-
sesses executive ability of a high order and is a man whose plans are well defined and
promptly executed. Mr. Whitehorn was born in London, England, February 7th, 1859,
a son of Thomas and Sarah (Stratton) Whitehorn, also natives of that city. The
father there engaged in business as a butcher and also became known as a veterinary
surgeon. He passed his entire life in his native city and his demise occurred in 1903,
while the mother was called to her final rest in 1901.

Their son, Thomas Whitehorn, was reared in the city of London and his educa-
tional opportunities were very limited, but he has learned many valuable lessons in the
school of experience and through broad reading and study has become a well informed
man. When about twelve years of age he became a sailor, his first employment being
on the River Thames. For four years he followed a sea-faring life but at length tired
of that occupation and on the 6th of August, 1878, he arrived in Astoria, Oregon. He
at first worked as a farm hand and also engaged in fishing on the Columbia river,
being thus employed for four years. He then went to Cornelius, Oregon, where for a
year he engaged in business and in December, 18S3, he removed to Corvallis. For
nineteen and a half years he was engaged in the conduct of a profitable business enter-
prise in the city and then disposed of his interests, owing to ill health. He was not
content to lead a life of inactivity, however, and in 1913 he became one of the organ-
izers of the Corvallis State Bank, of which he was chosen president and has since served
in that capacity. The bank has enjoyed a healthful growth from the beginning and
the success of the institution is attributable in large measure to the business sagacity,
enterprise and close application of Mr. Whitehorn. It is regarded as one of the sound
financial institutions of Benton county and the other officers of the bank are John
Fulton and John W. Hyde, vice presidents, and A. A. Schramm, cashier and 0. G.
Wooten, assistant cashier, all of whom are substantial and representative business men
of their section of the state. The bank is capitalized for fifty thousand dollars, has a
surplus and undivided profits amounting to thirty-one thousand, seven hundred and
ninety-one dollars, its deposits total six hundred sixty-four thousand, four hundred and
four dollars, while its resources have reached the sum of seven hundred forty-six
thousand, one hundred and ninety-five dollars. Mr. Whitehorn is a man of splendid
executive ability and was one of the organizers of the Pacific States Insurance Com-
pany and the Portland Cement Company. He erected the first and largest fraternity
house in Corvallis and is owner of considerable city property, including several business
blocks. His interests are thus broad and varied and his name in connection with
any enterprise insures its success, for whatever he undertakes he carries forward to
successful completion.

In August, 188S, Mr. Whitehorn was united In marriage to Miss Katherine Wells
and they became the parents of two sons: Claude D.. the elder, is a prominent business
man of Marshfield, Oregon; Thomas W. was but seventeen years of age at the time of
the outbreak of the World war and leaving school he enlisted in the navy. He was
first placed aboard the U. S. Cruiser Frederick, from which he was later transferred
to five other vessels. At the end of a year he won promotion to the office of first gun
pointer and during his term of service made seven long voyages. He received his dis-
charge in August, 1919, and is now continuing his studies at the Oregon Agricultural
College.

In his political views Mr. Whitehorn is a democrat and fraternally he is identified

^^ ^:^/%:A:£c

<::^yj^yx^

HISTORY OF OREGON 251

with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, being a charter member of the Albany
lodge, and he is also connected with the Knights of Pythias, having joined the order
in 1SS4. Mr. Whitehoru is a self-made man who has gained success and prominence
through individual merit and ability. Although he started out in the business world
empty-handed he is today a man of affluence and the most envious cannot grudge him
his success, so honorably has it been won and so worthily used. He is everywhere
spoken of as a citizen of worth, possessing many sterling traits of character which have
been of value in the upbuilding and progress of the community and which have won
for him the high regard of all who know him.

A. C. BARBER.

A. C. Barber, who since the 1st of August, 1919, ha.5 served as state insurance
commissioner, is most acceptably filling that oflice, discharging his duties with effi-
ciency and conscientiousness. He was born in Daviess county, Indiana, a son of Nelson
and Mary Barber. The father was an honored pioneer of Indiana, his ancestors emigrat-
ing from Vermont to that state in 1814, and the mother was also a native of the
Hoosier state, her parents having removed to that section from Kentucky. Both Mr.
and Mrs. Barber have passed away.

In the common schools of his native city A. C. Barber acquired his education, after
which he pursued a business course in Valparaiso College at Valparaiso, Indiana. In
1906 he came to Portland, Oregon, from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to join the general
agents of the National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh. He remained a
resident of that city until 1912, when he became deputy in the state insurance depart-
ment at Salem and state fire marshal, his excellent service in those connections lead-
ing to his appointment as state fire insurance commissioner by Governor Olcott on the
1st of August, 1919. He is well qualified for the position, having a thorough knowledge
of the insurance business, and is proving most competent and faithful as a public
official.

Mr. Barber is much interested in photography and has done some notable work
along amateur lines. He has been very successful in obtaining pictures in their natural
colors, securing direct colors of lantern slide size, a very recent achievement in
photography and a result most difficult to obtain. He has perhaps the best collection
of colored landscapes on the coast and has made remarkable progress along this line.
He is a man of high principles and substantial qualities, progressive and reliable in
business, loyal in citizenship and at all times displaying devotion to the duties that
devolve upon him.

JOHN N. CASEY.

As vice president of the Powers Furniture Company, John N. Casey is a prominent
figure in industrial circles of Portland where he has resided since 1879, or for a period
of thirty-two years. He is numbered among the wide-awake and aggressive business men
of the city and actuated at all times by a progressive spirit and unfaltering determina-
tion he has contributed in large measure to the successful management of the under-
taking, which is one of the leading furniture establishments of the city.

Mr. Casey is a native of Wisconsin. He was born at Necedah, August 16, 1S65, a son
of Patrick and Margaret (Clancy) Casey, both natives of Ireland, and married in Balti-
more, Maryland. As a boy the father emigrated to America and in 1862 he made his
way to Wisconsin where he became connected with the lumber industry. There he
resided until 1879, when he removed to the Pacific northwest, the family home being
established in Portland. To Mr. and Mrs. Casey were born eleven children, namely:
Harriet, Ellen, Margaret, Catharine, John N., William H., Edward P. and Fred S., all
living, and Louise, Fannie and an infant child, who have passed away.

John N. Casey, the fifth in order of birth, obtained a high school education,
after which he pursued a course in Armstrong's College of Portland. He first
became identified with the Powers Furniture Company in 1888 and for five years
continued in their employ, after which he was connected with the Gadsby Furniture
Company for a period of eleven years. At the end of that time he returned to the

Z02

HISTORY OF OREGON

Powers Furniture Company, with which he has since continued, his faithful, con-
scientious service and excellent business ability winning him merited promotions until
1906 he was made vice president and manager, in which capacities he has sine*
served. He possesses a thorough understanding of the principles of merchandising,
executive ability of a high order and a keen insight into business conditions. He
keeps in close touch with what is being done in all the departments and has succeeded
in maintaining a high degree of efficiency in the operation of the business, which is one
of the oldest and most reliable industrial enterprises in the city.

In 1891 Mr. Casey was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Sharkey, a representative
of one of the old families of Portland, and they have become the parents of five
children: Margaret, at home; William Allen, who in April, 1918, enlisted for service
in the World war and died at Fort Monroe on the 18th of October of the same year,
a victim of the influenza; John F., who died in infancy; Edward T., a student at
Columbia University of New York city; and Charles, who is attending grammar
school.

Mr. Casey is identified with the Rotary Club and the Woodmen of the World and in
religious faith he is a Catholic. He is a prominent and active member of the Knights
of Columbus of which he is a past grand knight and is now serving as chairman of the
building committee. He resides in an attractive home at No. 537 East Twenty-first,
North, which he erected in 1911 and the family is prominent in social circles of the
city. He is a public-spirited and progressive citizen who has justly won a place
among the leading merchants and business men of Portland and he is bending every
effort and energy toward the legitimate advancement of his house.

A. C. COOKE.

One of the old and reliable industrial enterprises of Portland is the Ira F. Powers
Furniture Company, of which A. C. Cooke has served as secretary since its organ-
ization under the present firm style. He has devoted his entire life to this line of
activity and is therefore thoroughly familiar with every phase of the business, while
his initiative spirit has enabled him to formulate plans which have resulted in the
enlargement and substantial growth of the undertaking.

Mr. Cooke is one of Oregon's native sons and has been content to pass his entire
life within the borders of the state, finding in the Switzerland of America an equable
climate, unrivaled scenic beauty and excellent business opportunities. He was born
in Clackamas county on the 5th of April, 1863, a son of William W. and Martha
(Young) Cooke, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Missouri.
In the Iron state their marriage occurred and in 1852 they started for Oregon,
traveling by ox team. On reaching this state they settled in Clackamas county, the
father taking up a donation claim of three hundred and twenty acres in the vicinity
of Damascus. By hard and unremitting labor he at length succeeded in clearing
one hundred and sixty acres of his land, which was covered with a dense growth of
timber. He passed away in 1875, while the mother's demise had occurred in the
year 1872. They became the parents of eight children, namely: Sarah, Mildred,
Fannie, Henry, Albert, John, A. C. and James.

A. C. Cooke, the seventh in order of birth, pursued his education in the schools
of his native state, becoming a pupil in the old Central school which stood on the
present site of the Portland Hotel. On starting out in the business world he became
connected with the furniture business as upholsterer for J. W. Birmingham, with whom
he continued for thirteen years. In 1893 he established business relations with the
Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company with which he has since been identified,
serving as secretary from the time of its incorporation as the Ira F. Powers Furniture
Company in 1903. The business hris expanded from year to year until it has now
reached extensive proportions, the warehouse occupying a floor space of one hundred
and thirty thousand feet, while eighty people are employed in the conduct of the
enterprise. They handle everything in the line of house furnishings and the firm
name is a synonym for reliability, integrity and enterprise. As secretary of this
large undertaking Mr. Cooke is proving entirely equal to the responsibilities which
devolve upon him and his services are regarded as very valuable in promoting the
business.

In 1886 was solemnized the marriage of A. C. Cooke and Miss Valeska Yost, a

HISTORY OF OREOON 253

daughter of Professor R. Yost, a well known musical artist. They have become the
parents of three children: Herbert A., a prominent attorney of Portland; Robert R.,
tire expert for the Paciflc States Rubber Company of Portland; and Alfred E., who
is attending school.

In his political views Mr. Cooke is a stanch republican, active in support of the
principles and candidates of the party but not an office seeker, although he has
frequently been solicited by his friends to accept positions of public trust. His interest
in the development and upbuilding of his city is indicated by his membership in the
Chamber of Commerce and he is also identified with the Woodmen of the World. He
is regarded as one of the substantial and progressive business men of Portland and
the fact that he has continued in the field which he entered as a young man is one
reason for his gratifying success. He is a man of worth to the community by
reason of his high principles and substantial qualities and many are proud to
call him friend.

PERCY M. VARNEY.

Percy M. Varney, now serving as parole officer of the state penitentiary and who
previous to this appointment was chief of police of Salem, was born in Lima, New
York, May 17, 1892, a son of Rev. George R. and Emma (Tibbets) Varney. The
father, a Baptist minister, has presided over churches of that denomination in various
states of the Union and during the childhood of their son, Percy, the parents resided
for a time in Spokane, Washington. Rev. George R. Varney, D. D., is now serving as
pastor of a church at McMinnville, Oregon, and his labors have been an effective force
for good in the various communities which he has served. Of their family Roy M., now
thirty years of age, is residing in Portland. He married Jessie Fresh of Baker City,
Oregon, and they have become the parents of three children, Dorothy, Evelyn and
Donald. The other children of Rev. and Mrs. Varney are: Percy M., the subject of
this review: and Lois B.: Bernice; and Phillip, all attending college.

Percy M. Varney attended the schools of McMinnville, Oregon, and was graduated
from the high school of that city in 1911, which he followed by a year's course in
the University of Nevada. In 1912 he arrived in Salem, becoming identified with the
police force here. Later he served for two years as constable and was then elected
chief of police for a term of two years, but at the end of thirteen months resigned in
order to accept his present appointment as parole officer of the state penitentiary, his
duty being to secure employment for all paroled men and look after their general
welfare. His constant aim is to perform his duty to the best of his ability and as
parole officer his services are proving very valuable to the state.

On the 1st of January, 1914, Mr. Varney was united in marriage to Miss Ethelyn
E. Allison of McMinnville, and they have become the parents of a daughter, Esther E.
He is interested in all that pertains to the welfare of community, commonwealth and
country and his influence is ever on the side of advancement and improvement. He
regards a public officer as a servant of the people and he is most conscientiously dis-
charging the duties of his present position, his record being at all times characterized
by efficiency, reliability and integrity.

JAMES LAWRENCE GUTHRIE.

James Lawrence Guthrie, vice president of the firm of Hill & Company, Inc., and
manager of its automobile and tractor department, is a prominent figure in business
circles of Harrisburg, where he is known as a man of integrity and reliability. He
was born in Jacksboro, Jack county, Texas, October 16, 1S84, a son of James P. and
Eva (Amos) Guthrie, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana.
In 1883 the father went to Texas, where for two years he engaged in farming, and
then returned to the Blue Grass state, there following agricultural pursuits for several
years. Subsequently he removed to Missouri and purchased land in Newton county
which he improved and developed, continuing its cultivation for several years. Eventu-
ally he went to Montana and there resided with his sons until his death, which

25-1 HISTORY OF OREGON

occurred in October, 1913. The mother also passed away in that year, her demise
having occurred in January.

James L. Guthrie was reared and educated in Missouri and on starting out in
the business world secured employment as a street car conductor in Carthage, Mis-
souri, being thus engaged for four years. Going to Salt Lake City, Utah, he was similarly
employed in that locality for three years and then went to Montana, purchasing two
sections of land in that state, which he operated tor a period of five years. He then
traded that property for land in Lane county, Oregon, in 1917, but after cultivating
the tract for six months he exchanged it for a stock of hardware in Harrisburg,
Oregon. This establishment he conducted for a short time, when he consolidated his
business with that of Hill & Company, of which he is now vice president, and he is
also manager of the automobile department. They carry a seventy thousand dollar
stock of hardware, harness, implements, furniture, carpets, rugs and general house
furnishings. They also have the agency for the Ford cars and Fordson tractors and
have recently erected a fine garage at a cost of fifteen thousand dollars. Mr. Guthrie
is a man of keen business acumen, thoroughly reliable and enterprising, and as vice
president of Hill & Company he has contributed in substantial measure to the
growth and expansion of the business, which is now one of large volume and import-
ance, its annual sales exceeding the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.

On the 10th of February, 1906, Mr. Guthrie was united in marriage to Miss Alma
Safer and they have become the parents of two children: Pauline, who was born
November 25, 1908; and Marion James, born March 15, 1917. In his political views
Mr. Guthrie is a democrat and in religious faith he is a Presbyterian, while his
fraternal connections are with the Masons, the Eastern Star, the Rebekahs and the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Throughout his career he has closely applied himself
to the work in hand and has steadily advanced, each forward step bringing him a
broader outlook and wider opportunities until he is now numbered with the sub-
stantial business men of his part of the state. His sterling traits of character are
manifest in every relation of life and his record is a most creditable one.

ALBERT SUTTON.

Among the leading architectural firms of the northwest is that of Sutton & Whit-
ney, of which Albert Sutton is the senior member. Thorough preliminary study and
later practical experience have well qualified him for his chosen life work and he is re-
garded as one of the most able architects in the Pacific coast country. Mr. Sutton
was born in Victoria, British Columbia, June 6. 1867, a son of John and Anna B.
(Dolan) Sutton, the former a native of Delaware, Maryland and the latter of Boston,
Massachusetts. The family has long been connected with the history of this country,
representatives of the name having defended American interests in the Revolutionary
war, while John Sutton, the father, rendered valuable service to the federal govern-
ment during the Civil war as an engineer in the Pacific squadron of the navy. Follow-
ing his marriage in 1850 in New Orleans, he went with his bride to California in 1852,
going by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He always followed a seafaring life and was
lost in Alaskan waters in January, 1873. In the family were nine children: Julia,
Margaret, Mave, James, Jennie, John, Ada, Albert and Herbert.

In the public schools of Portland Albert Sutton pursued his education, after which
he pursued a scientific course in the University of California. He then became identi-
fied with the Southern Pacific Railroad as architect of buildings and bridges and
remained in the employ of the company for three years. He was connected with archi-
tectural work in Tacoma, Washington, from ISSS until 1895 and in the latter year
went to San Francisco, California, where he followed his profession until 1910. During
the next two years he was not active in business, residing on his ranch at Hood River,
Oregon. In 1912 he became a partner of Harrison A. Whitney, a prominent architect
of Portland, establishing an oflSce in this city under the firm style of Sutton &
Whitney and this relationship is still maintained. Their excellent work and thoroughly
reliable and progressive business methods have secured for them a large and con-
stantly increasing patronage, so that they have become well known as leading archi-
tects throughout the Pacific northwest. They have established an office in Tacoma,
Washington, of which Mr. Sutton has charge, dividing his time between Portland and
Tacoma and they have erected many of that city's most substantial and beautiful

ALBERT SUTTON

HISTORY OF OREGON' 2.17

business edifices. They are now engaged in constructing tlie Multnomah County In-
firmary at a cost of one million dollars, the Meier & Frank Warehouse, costing one
million dollars and the Scottish Rite Cathedrals in Portland and Tacoma, and were
the architects who designed the Hood River Library regarded as one of the best
arranged institutions of the kind to be found anywhere in the United States. He also
constructed many apartment houses and dwellings and has built up a large business
in California, having remodeled the State Capitol at Sacramento. He also designed
the Farmers & Merchants Bank at Oakland, the John A. Roebling"s Sons Company's
building at San Francisco, said to be one of the best examples of fireproof construc-
tion in the country and the Pacific Hardware & Steel Company's buildings. They have
thus extended their interests over a broad field and are considered experts in their
line of work.

Mr. Sutton has been married twice and by the first union he has two children.
Alberta and Anna. In 1909 he wedded Maria L. Hewitt, of Tacoma, and their children
are Rocena and John Hewitt. In his political views he is a republican, interested in
the welfare of the party but not an office seeker. He is a member of Zeta Psi, a col-
lege fraternity, and is much interested in athletic sports, belonging to the college base-
ball and football teams. The Oregon Chapter of the American Institute of Architects
numbers him among its members and he is also identified with the Tacoma Chamber
of Commerce. He is a prominent Mason, having attained the thirty-second degree in
the Scottish Rite Consistory and his life has ever been guided by the beneficent teach-
ings of that order. He is thoroughly familiar with the scientific principles under-
lying his profession and his activities have ever contributed to public progress and
improvement as well as to individual success. He resides in Tacoma and is widely
and favorably known throughout the Pacific northwest, his high professional attain-
ments and sterling characteristics winning for him the respect and esteem of all with
whom he has been associated.

JUDGE JOHN BURNETT.

In the death of Judge John Burnett of Corvallis, Oregon lost one of its most dis-
tinguished jurists and statesmen. He was a leader in the ranks of the democratic
party and left the impress of his individuality and influence as well as his ability upon
the history of the state. Judge Burnett was born in Louisiana, Pike county, Missouri,
on the banks of the Mississippi, July 4, 1831, a son of Benjamin F. and Jane (Johnson)
Burnett, natives of Kentucky. About 1820 the father removed to the west, becoming
one of the early pioneers of Pike county, Missouri.

His son, John BuAiett, was reared and educated in that locality and there continued
to reside until 1849. when he became one of the gold seekers and crossed the plains to
California. He followed mining on American river and also handled stock, remaining
active along those lines in the Golden state until the spring of 1858, having in the
meantime returned to the east and recrossed the plains a second time. In the above
mentioned year he came to Oregon, taking up his residence at Corvallis, Benton county,
where he began the study of law in the office of Colonel Kelsey. In 1860 he was
admitted to the Oregon bar and at once took up the practice of his profession in Cor-
vallis. His talent and ability in his chosen life work soon won recognition and he
became known as one of the most eminent representatives of the legal fraternity in his
section of the state, being accorded a large and representative clientage. In 1870 he
was called to public office, being elected county judge of Benton county, in which
position he served for four years. In 1874 he was called to still higher honors, being
elected associate justice of the supreme court of Oregon, his term expiring in 1876. He
then resumed the private practice of law and two years later was elected to represent
Benton county in the state senate, where he served as chairman of the judiciary com-
mittee. He carefully studied the problems which came up for settlement and gave
earnest support to all the bills which he believed would prove beneficial to the com-
monwealth and his record as legislator was a most creditable one. In 1882 he was
appointed by Governor Thayer judge of the second judicial district to fill out the
unexpired term of Judge Watson and on the completion of his services in that connec-
tion he once more took up his private practice, in which he continued active to the time
of his demise. Judge Burnett was a man of superior intellectual attainments and he
filled some of the most important offices within the gift of the people of his district.

Vol. 11—17

•i.is HISTORY OP OREGON

While upon the bench his decisions were characterized by a masterful grasp of every
problem presented for solution and by marked equity. He was strictly fair and im-
partial in all of his rulings and his decisions were sustained by higher courts upon
appeal. He was a man of wide legal learning and ranked with the most eminent
jurists of the state. Judge Burnett was also interested in agricultural pursuits, owning
a valuable farm of one hundred acres, of which he devoted twenty-five acres to the raising
of prunes, and he also engaged in raising fine stock on his place, which is situated
near the city of Corvallis.

In June, 1859, Judge Burnett was united in marriage to Miss Martha Hinton, who
was born in Franklin county, Missouri, September 28, 1838, and is a daughter of Hon.
Rowland B. and Elizabeth (Bramell) Hinton, the former a native of Franklin county,
Missouri, and the latter of Virginia. In 1846 the father crossed the plains to Oregon
with ox teams, being six months in making the journey. He arrived in Benton county
in 1847 and there took up a donation claim, which he cleared and developed, con-
tinuing to operate his land for several years. About nineteen years prior to his demise
he sold that property and purchased land in Lincoln county, which he cultivated for
about eight years and then sold, removing to Monroe, Benton county, where he resided
with his sons throughout the remainder of his life. His wife passed away in 1853. To
Judge and Mrs. Burnett were born seven children, namely: Ida, who married T.
Callahan, a merchant of Corvallis, who died November 8, 1914; Alice, whose demise
occurred October 8, 1891; Burke T., who died June 11, 1862; John C, who passed away
on the 22d of July, 1877; Martha J., who is the wife of R. H. Houston, a prominent
hardware merchant of Corvallis; Brady, a resident of Canyonville, Oregon; and Bruce
whose home is in Portland.

In his political views Judge Burnett was a democrat and a leader in the councils
of his party. In 1865 he was made a presidential elector and also served as mayor of
Corvallis for several terms, being first elected to the office in May, 1891. He gave to
the city a most efficient and businesslike administration, characterized by needed reforms
and improvements, his influence being ever on the side of advancement and improve-
ment. Fraternally he was identified with the Masonic order, belonging to the blue
lodge and the chapter, and in religious faith he was a Congregationalist. Judge Burnett
passed away in March, 1900, at the age of sixty-nine years, after an illness of two
weeks, and his death was most keenly felt by his associates, friends and relatives and
Irreparably by his family, for he was a devoted husband and father. In every relation
he was true to high and honorable principles and never faltered in the choice between
right and wrong but always endeavored to follow the course sanctioned by his conscience
and good judgment. He was a man who would have been an acquisition to any com-
munity, his irreproachable character no less than his achievements giving him a
Commanding position and compelling his recognition as one destirfed to lead in anything
he undertook.

JOHN W. FERGUSON.

John W. Ferguson, who since the 1st of July, 1919, has served as a member of the
state Industrial accident commission, is also well known in other connections, being an
expert public accountant, and he was for four years state insurance commissioner. His
activities have thus covered a broad field, showing him to be a keen and intelligent
business man with a rapid grasp of details and clear insight as regards financial con-
ditions. He was born in Mascoutah, St. Clair county, Illinois, April 9, 1854, a son of
George W. Ferguson, a native of Baltimore, Maryland. The father engaged in business
as a contractor and builder and In 1850 he became a resident of Illinois, removing to
St. Louis, Missouri, in 1880. In 1852 he married Rebecca E. White, a native of New
York, and both passed away in St. Louis, the mother's demise occurring in 1899, while
the father was called to his final rest In 1901.

In the public schools of Illinois John W. Ferguson acquired his education, and
entering the business world he became a telegraph operator in the employ of the
Western Union Company in their St. Louis office. He was subsequently promoted to
the position of manager of their office at Marshall, Texas, and followed telegraphy for
five years, or until the 1st of January, 1878, when he went to Nebraska, crossing the
Missouri river by ferry at Plattsmouth. He settled at Lincoln and became identified
with the Burlington Railroad Company, being employed in the despatcher's office for

HISTORY OF OREGON iT)!!

several months. In April, 1878, he was appointed deputy clerk of Lancaster county, in
which office he served for two years, and he then became general traveling collector for
the Marsh Harvester Company, his territory comprising the South Platte district and
the counties on the northern border of Kansas. In 1883 he went to Minden, Nebraska,
where he made his first independent venture in commercial circles, establishing a farm
loan and banking business, serving as vice president of the Kearney County Bank until
1898. In 1893 he was appointed registrar of the United States land office at Lincoln.
Nebraska, serving for four years under the administration of President Cleveland and
for one year under President McKinley.

On the 4th of July, 1903, Mr. Ferguson came to Portland, Oregon. In July, 1904,
he was appointed chief deputy of the tax collecting department of Multnomah county
and served in that capacity for two years. From 1906 until 1911 he was engaged in
auditing, including the accounts of the Title Guarantee & Trust Company and the
Oregon Trust & Savings Bank of Portland and all the offices of Multnomah county, the
latter audits covering a period of ten years, also making regular audits for Baker and
Douglas counties, Oregon, and Wahkiakum county, Washington. In September, 1911, he
was appointed state insurance commissioner by Governor West, which position he filled
until January, 1915. In April of that year he became a stockholder of the Columbia
Life & Trust Company of Portland, of which he was made comptroller, and served
in that capacity until the business was sold in 1917. He then resumed his business as a
public accountant and was active along that line until the 1st of July, 1919, when he
was appointed by Governor Olcott as a member of the state industrial accident commis-
sion, in which capacity he is now serving, rendering excellent service in that connec-
tion, for he is a man of unquestioned business ability and integrity, with broad
experience along many lines of activity.

On the 14th of November, 1884, Mr. Ferguson was united in marriage to Miss
Myrta G. Willits, a native of New Boston, Mercer county, Illinois, and they have
become the parents of two children: Guenn and John W., Jr. Fraternally Mr. Fergu-
son is a Mason, having membership in Minden Lodge No. 127, A. F. & A. M., which he
joined in 1885; Washington Chapter No. 18. R. A. M.. Portland, Oregon, with which
he became affiliated in 1904, having been demitted from Kearney Chapter No. 23, R. A. M.,
Kearney, Nebraska, which he joined in 1886; Oregon Commandery No. 1, K. T., of
Portland, Oregon, having been demitted from Mt. Hebron Commandery No. 12, K. T., at
Kearney, Nebraska, which he joined in 1887; and he belongs to Sesostris Temple,
A. A. O. Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, at Lincoln, Nebraska, holding membership there
since 1889. His club relations are with the Progressive Business Men's Club of Port-
land, Oregon, and the Commercial Club of Salem, Oregon. Mr. Ferguson is a member of
the American Institute of Accountants of New York and the Oregon State Society of
Certified Public Accountants. He has been called upon to fill many positions of public
trust and in his work he has ever been most thorough, efficient and painstaking, endeav-
oring at all times to perform his duty to the best of his ability. As a business man and
as a public official Mr. Ferguson has made an excellent record and his course has been
characterized by integrity and honor in every relation, commanding for him the
respect and goodwill of those with whom he has been associated.

ISIDOR KAUFMAN.

Isidor Kaufman, who is closely associated with the history of commercial devel-
opment in Portland, has for many years been engaged in the manufacture and sale
of hats and his success in this venture is indicated in his recent purchase of some of
the most valuable down-town realty of the city. A native of Roumania, he was born
in Bucharest, April 27, 1881, and there received his commercial education and studied
several languages. His father, Philip Kaufman, who was also born in Bucharest, became
a grain merchant and died about seventeen years ago. The mother, who bore the
maiden name of Liza Goldstin, has also passed away and, like the others of the family,
she was a native of Roumania. The household numbered five sons and two daughters
and three of the sons are now in America, one being in Los Angeles and one in New
York.

The third brother on this side of the Atlantic is Isidor Kaufman of this review,
who came to the United States in 1903, landing in New York, where he resided for a
vear. In 1904 he crossed the continent to Portland and here entered the hat business

2(i0 HISTORY OF OREGON

as a manufacturer. He has since conducted this enterprise and also does both a
wholesale and retail business in the sale of hats. He manufactures all kinds of hats
and was the first merchant to place upon the market a two-dollar hat, while his five-
dollar bat, as he believes, is the best manufactured in the entire country for that
price. He has likewise established a cleaning and reblocking department and employs
six men and women in cleaning hats alone. He sells to the trade outside of Portland
and enjoys an enviable reputation as a progressive business man. He has recently
purchased a valuable lot at the northeast corner of Third and Stark streets, for which
he paid thirty-five thousand dollars, and upon this lot he maintains one of his retail
salesrooms — for he has several.

About seventeen years ago Mr. Kaufman was united in marriage to Miss Pauline
Adler, a native of Roumania, and to them have been born four children: Louis, Ernest,
Harry and Sidney, all natives of Portland. One of his sons, Louis Kaufman, fifteen
years of age, has won fame as a violinist.

Mr. Kaufman is widely known in fraternal and club circles. He has taken the
Scottish Rite and Shriner degrees of Masonry, is connected with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, with the B'nai B'rith and with the Portland Press Club. He is
actuated by a most progressive spirit in all that he undertakes and deserves much
credit for what he has accomplished, as he has steadily worked his way upward. Some
years ago he returned to Europe to study the hat industry in all of its phases and
returning to America has since given his patrons the benefit of the knowledge and
experience which he there acquired.

WILLIAM RIDDELL, SR.

William Riddell, Sr., a substantial farmer and stock raiser of Polk county, re-
siding two and a half miles west of Monmouth, is a native of Scotland, his birth
having occurred in Aberdeen, October 12, 1844. His parents, James and Isabelle
(Tytler) Riddell, were also natives of the land of hills and heather, where the father
followed the occupation of landscape gardening. He spent his entire life in his native
country, passing away in October, 1905, while the mother's demise occurred in April,
1908.

Their son, William Riddell, Sr., was reared and educated in Scotland and on
starting out to earn a livelihood was first employed as a farm hand and later took
up the work of landscape gardening, with which he was connected for three years.
In 1866 he sought the opportunities offered in the new world, residing for a time in
Canada and also in the state of California. In 1870 he came to Oregon, renting land
in Linn county, which he continued to operate for seven years, and then removed
to Polk county, purchasing a section of land two miles west of Monmouth. He has
cleared and developed two hundred and seventy-five acres of the tract, adding many
improvements and bringing the land to a high state of productivity as the result of
his indefatigable labor, determination and industry. Of the original section he has
sold all but four hundred acres, but has purchased additional land and now owns
eleven hundred acres in all. For the past thirty years lie has been engaged in raising
pure bred Angora goats and Cotswold and Lincoln sheep, generally keeping on hand
six hundred head of the former and four hundred head of the latter. He exhibits his
stock at the state fairs and live stock shows and in 1920 was an exhibitor at all of
the principal fairs held in the state of Washington. He is one of the best known stock-
men in the northwest and has been very successful in his operations along that line, pos-
sessing an intimate knowledge of the business. He is interested in modern develop-
ments along agricultural lines; believes in scientific methods and keeps abreast of
the times in every way.

On the 1st of December, 1869, Mr. Riddell was united in marriage to Miss Margaret
M. Rae, and fhey became the parents of nine children, namely: Mary I., Margaret,
William, Jr., David, James, Edward, John, Ernest and Leslie. Three of the sons are
in partnership with their father, assisting him in his farming and stock-raising opera-
tions. The wife and mother passed away December 14. 1907, after a short illness, and her
loss was the occasion of deep sorrow to her family and to her many friends in the
community where she had so long resided.

Mr. Riddell gives his political allegiance to the republican party and for two
terms he served as county commissioner. He is a member of the Presbyterian church

HISTORY OF OREGON 263

and his life is ever guided by its teachings. His genuine personal worth and his
activity in a useful line of endeavor have combined to make him one of the enter-
prising and representative men of this section whose careers have been influential
factors in agricultural development.

PHILIP V. W. FRY.

Portland has always been free from the boom conditions which produce inflated
values in real estate that ultimately must bring disaster to some investors. On the
other hand the steady growth of the city has resulted in a gradual and substantial
advance in realty prices and the real estate men of Portland have constituted an import-
ant element in the city's growth and improvement. To this class belongs Philip V. W.
Fry, who in 1910 formed a partnership under the firm name of Stewart-Fry & Company.
Since the death of Mr. Stewart, Mr. Fry has conducted the business under his own name.
He was born September 4, 1883, in the city which is still his home, and is a son of
Willis B. Fry, a native of New York, who came to Portland in the early '70s and
assumed the northwestern management of the Singer Sewing Machine Company. He
occupied that position for twelve years and then went to California, becoming Pacific
coast manager for the same company. Ten years ago he resigned the position which
he had so ably filled for a long period and is now living retired at Pasadena, California.
In early manhood he wedded Anna Van Wagenen, also a native of New York, who died
in 1891, and a daughter, Elsie, has passed away.

Philip V. W. Fry, the son of the family, was educated in the public schools of Oak-
land, California, and when nineteen years of age became identified with the insurance
business. Later he turned his attention to the real estate business in Oakland and in
1908 returned to Portland, where he established a real estate office and has since been
active in this field. He handles only inside property, both improved and unimproved.
In 1910 he formed a partnership with F. W. Stewai't, under the firm name of Stewart-
Fry & Company, and in that year and the succeeding one they made some of the
largest sales in Portland, running as high as five hundred and seventy-five thousand
dollars, while many of their sales were in the two hundred thousand dollar class. Mr.
Fry is a very energetic young man and possesses a large outlook on affairs. He has
operated in various sections of the city and wherever he goes is quoted as an authority
on realty values. He has been instrumental in putting over some of the largest deals
in Portland and has an extensive clientage who recognize that progressiveness, enter-
prise and reliability are among his dominant qualities. He is now serving on the
appraisal committee of the Portland Realty Board.

In politics Mr. Fry is a republican and is a most ardent worker for clean politics,
being identified with many of the wholesome and purifying influences which have been
springing up in the political parties in recent years. He is an active member of the
Chamber of Commerce and his cooperation at all times can be counted upon to further
any plan or measure that is of civic worth to his native city.

COE A. McKENNA.

Coe A. McKenna, who through his real estate operations has contributed largely
to the development and upbuilding of Portland and who is associated with many of the
organizations which are constantly working for the improvement and progress of
the city, was born in Omaha, Nebraska, October 22, 1887. His father, Francis I.
McKenna, was a native of Ohio and was also a realty man. He came to Portland,
April 1, 1889, and here established a real estate oflice, which he conducted to the time
of his death in 1914, operating largely on the peninsula, where he had large holdings.
He founded the United Artisans, a fraternal organization, which has its headquarters
in Portland and is today the wealthiest organization of its kind per capita in the
United States. They have recently purchased a fine modern building on Broadway
and Oak streets in Portland. Francis I. McKenna was united in marriage to Miss
Laura Linebaugh, a native of Ohio, who also passed away in 1914.

2C4 HISTORY OF OREGON

Coe A. McKenna was but two years of age when brought by his parents to the
Pacific coast and in the public schools of Portland he pursued his education, passing
through consecutive grades to the high school and afterward attending Columbia
University of Portland. He then went to Indiana, where he became a student in Notre
Dame University, and he likewise attended the College of Political Science of George
Washington University in Washington, D. C, being there graduated with the Bachelor
of Arts degree in February, 1910, and the Master of Arts degree in June of the same
year.

With his return to Portland Mr. McKenna entered business as the successor of
his father, who retired at that time and turned the business over to his son. The
latter has since conducted a general real estate office at 82 Fourth street and handles
his own property. He is thoroughly familiar with realty values, has built many homes
in Portland, thus transforming unsightly vacancies into attractive residence sections,
and he takes great Interest in the development of the city.

Mr. McKenna's public work has been of an important character and his labors have
been far-reaching and resultant. He is the president of the Portland Realty Board,
also vice president of the Northwest Real Estate Association and a member of the
Chamber of Commerce and City Planning Commission for the City of Portland. He
is likewise chairman of the Industrial Development Committee of the Associated Civic
Clubs. This is a most important position, the personnel of the committee being com-
posed of representatives from several of the leading organizations of Portland. These
men are constantly studying business conditions and the opportunities for Portland's
improvement and Mr. McKenna, as chairman, is doing splendid work in this connection.
In June, 1921, Mr. McKenna was appointed by Governor Olcott, a member of the
Committee on Tax Investigation for the State of Oregon.

In 1912 was celebrated the marriage of Coe A. McKenna and Miss Lillian C.
O'Brien, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. P. O'Brien, early residents of Portland. Her
father is the general manager of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company and is
president of the Portland Terminal Company. To Mr. and Mrs. McKenna have been
born three children: James Francis, Patricia Ann and Coe A. J. Mr. McKenna is
much interested in politics and gives stalwart support to the republican party. He
belongs also to the Commercial Club, the Press Club, the United Artisans and the
Multnomah Club. He is appreciative of the social amenities of life and his personal
characteristics are such as make for popularity among all with whom he comes into
contact.

JAMES McCAIN.

In the demise of James McCain at his home in McMinnville in August, 1919, Oregon
lost one of its most noted criminal lawyers and honored pioneers, who for nearly
seventy years had resided within the borders of the state. He was a man of high pro-
fessional attainments and his probity, his sincerity and his genial and kindly nature
drew to him a host of friends and admirers to whom his memory will ever remain a
blessed benediction. In every relation he was true to high and honorable principles and
never faltered in the choice between right and wrong, but always endeavored to
follow the course sanctioned by conscience and good Judgment.

Mr. McCain was a native of Indiana and in 1853, when but eight years of age, was
brought by his parents across the plains to Oregon, the family home being established
near Sheridan, in Yamhill county, where the father took up a donation claim. The
son here attended the common schools, after which he pursued a course in McMinn-
ville College and later took up the study of law under the preceptorship of P. C.
Sullivan, whose daughter he subsequently married. He was admitted to the bar In
September, 1868, and going to Dallas, Polk county, he there opened an office but
shortly afterward removed to La Fayette, which was at that time the county seat
of Yamhill county. Following the removal of the county seat to McMinnville he here
took up his residence and subsequently became associated in practice with Hon. William
T. Vinton, a most harmonious relationship, which was continued under the firm style
of McCain & Vinton until the demise of the senior partner. They became known as
the leading attorneys of their section of the state and their superior professional
attainments won for them a large clientele. Mr. McCain became noted among lawyers
for his wide research and the provident care with which he prepared his cases.
While well grounded in the principles of common law when admitted to the bar, he

HISTORY OF OKELiOX 26r,

continued throughout his professional life a diligent student of those elementary prin-
ciples which constitute the basis of all legal science and this knowledge served him
well in many a legal battle before the court. He specialized in criminal law and was
very successful in the trial of cases, defending a greater number of men charged with
murder than any other attorney in Oregon, and in no instance was the death penalty
imposed upon one of his clients. He was equally successful as a prosecutor and as a
criminal lawyer he gained a state-wide reputation. His high professional ability led
to his selection for public office and he was elected to the office of district attorney for
the third judicial district, which comprised Marion, Linn, Polk, Yamhill and Tillamook
counties, serving in that capacity for two terms, having also filled the position of post-
master of McMinnville, Oregon. His official record was a most creditable one, character-
ized by strict integrity and the utmost devotion to duty.

Mr. McCain was united in marriage to Miss Electa Sullivan, a daughter of P. C.
Sullivan, and her demise occurred in 1906. They became the parents of three daughters,
namely: Ethel, who married William Palmer, a resident of Washington; Ivaline, the
wife of James Wells of Los Angeles, California; and Mabel, who married O. H. Parker,
a resident of McMinnville. In his political views Mr. McCain was a progressive
republican and for fifty years was one of the leaders of his party in Yamhill county.
He was a man who would have been an acquisition to any community, his irreproach-
able character no less than his achievements giving him a commanding position and
compelling his recognition as one destined to lead in anything he undertook.

SAMUEL W. GAINES.

An excellent farm property of two hundred acres pays tribute to the care and
labor bestowed upon it by its owner, Samuel W. Gaines, who dates his residence in this
state from 1852 and is therefore entitled to classification with Oregon's honored
pioneers. He was born in Andrew county, Missouri, January 24, 1843, a son of Willis
and Louise (Crowley) Gaines, natives of Kentucky. The father followed the occupation
of farming in the Blue Grass state and about 1838 removed to the west, taking up
land in Andrew county, Missouri, which he cleared and developed, continuing to reside
thereon until 1852, when with ox teams and wagons he started across the plains for
Oregon. He made the trip in three months and fifteen days, establishing a new record,
for in those early days it usually took about six months to accomplish the long and
arduous journey across the plains. Upon his arrival in Linn county on the 15th of
August, 1852, he purchased a half section of improved land and two hundred bushels
of wheat, for which he paid the sum of fourteen hundred dollars, and devoted his atten-
tion to the further cultivation and improvement of his property, later acquiring two
other farms, which he subsequently gave to Samuel W. Gaines and his brother. The
father continued the operation of his ranch until 1887, when he removed to Sodaville,
Oregon, where he lived retired until his demise on the 3d of September, 1888, at the age
of seventy-eight years. He had long survived the mother, who passed away February
15, 1854.

Samuel W. Gaines attended school for a short time in Missouri but the greater part
of his education was acquired in Oregon, for he came to this state with his parents
when nine years of age. At that time the country was still wild and undeveloped and
he pursued his studies in the district schools of Linn county, the schoolhouse being a
log cabin of crude construction. In 1859 he became a student in the high school at
McMinnville, Oregon, and remained with his parents until he reached the age of
eighteen, when he married and established a home of his own, operating a farm which
his father had given him. For eight years he continued to cultivate that property, to
which he added many improvements, and then traded it for his present ranch of two
hundred acres, which he has greatly improved and developed. The land is now rich
and productive, but when he purchased the tract it was covered with timber, and it
required long years of arduous and unremitting toil to bring about its present high
state of development. Mr. Gaines has also cleared and developed two other farms
and his life has been a most busy, active and useful one. crowned with well deserved
success. He thoroughly understands the science of agriculture and farming is to him a
most congenial occupation. Although seventy-seven years of age, he is as vigorous
and active as a man of fifty, indicating that his life has been well lived. The home in
which Mr. Gaines and his family reside was erected in 1852, but he has since remodeled

266 HISTORY OF OREGON

it, adding many modern improvements and conveniences. For nine years he specialized
in the raising ot pure bred poultry, having as many as thirty varieties, and was very
successful along that line of activity.

Mr. Gaines has been married four times. His first union was with Miss Susan
South, whom he wedded on the 19th of September, 1861, and they became the -parents
ot tour children, namely: Coleman, who is a farmer residing near Crabtree, Oregon;
Addie, the wife ot J. H. Poindexter of Scio; Ida, who married R. H. Graham and
resides near Monitor, Oregon; and Almona, who died in 1878. The wife and mother
passed away in February, 1878, and on September 1st of that year Mr. Gaines was
united in marriage to Susie Beard, by whom he had two children: Theodore, a resi-
dent of the state of Washington; and Beta, who died at the age of nine months. Mrs.
Gaines passed away in 1887 and on the 12th of June, 1888, Mr. Gaines wedded
Margaret Graham, whose demise occurred in 1900. His fourth union was with Eliza-
beth Crabtree, whom he married on the 22d of January, 1899. She was born in
Missouri in 1840, her parents being John J. and Melinda (Yeary) Crabtree, the former
a native of Virginia and the latter of Kentucky. In 1845 her parents emigrated from
Independence, Missouri, to Oregon, becoming pioneer settlers of Linn county, where the
father became a substantial farmer and a man of prominence in his community, the
town of Crabtree being named in his honor. He passed away on the 28th of March,
1892, at the venerable age of ninety-two years, while the mother's demise occurred in
1898, when she had reached the advanced age of ninety years. They reared a family of
fifteen children, of whom five were born in Virginia, five in Missouri and five in Oregon,
and six of the sons participated in the Washington and Rogue River Indian wars.

In his political views Mr. Gaines is a democrat and he is much interested in the
cause of public education, having served on the school board for a number of years.
Mrs. Gaines is a Baptist in religious faith and her life is guided by its teachings. Mr.
Gaines has worked diligently and persistently as the years have passed, meeting the
hardships and privations of pioneer life and overcoming the difficulties and obstacles
that always confront one in business. Industry has been the basic element in his
success and he is now classed with the prosperous farmers and honored pioneers of
his section ot the state.

WILLIAM WOLF HICKS, M. D.

Dr. William Wolf Hicks, a man of advanced scientific attainments, who since
April, 1909, has been engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Junction
City, was born at Ligonier, Indiana, July 21, 1872, a son of William R. and Barbara
E. (Wolf) Hicks, the former a native of Yorkshire, England, while the latter was
born in Ohio. The father was brought to America by his parents when but eight
years of age and in the schools of this country he pursued his education. During the
Civil war he proved his loyalty and devotion to his adopted country by enlisting as a
member of the One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Ohio Infantry, with which he served
for over four years, participating in many hotly contested battles and enduring many
hardships and privations. After the close of the war he went to Indiana and there
followed his trade of carpenter, builder and cabinet-maker for several years, subse-
quently purchasing land which he cleared and developed, erecting thereon substantial
barns and outbuildings and converting it into a valuable property, which he operated
the remainder of his life. He became a man of prominence in his community and was
several times called to public office. He passed away in March, 1913, at the age ot
seventy years, while the mother's demise occurred in September, 1902, when she was
fifty-nine years of age.

William W. Hicks attended the district schools in Indiana and later pursued a
preparatory course in Wittenberg College at Springfield, Ohio, after which he en-
tered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Cincinnati, where he was a
student for three years, completing his fourth year in the study of medicine at the
State University ot California at Los Angeles. Actuated by the laudable desire to
obtain a good education, Dr. Hicks worked his way through college and when he
arrived in Oregon on the Sth day of July, 1902, his cash capital consisted of but
twenty dollars, of which amount ten dollars was required for the state examination.
After his admission to practice he went to La Fayette, Yamhill county, Oregon, and
there he opened an office, but remained only for a period of four months and then

HISTORY OF OREGON 2C7

went to Ashland, Oregon, where he practiced until 1905. For the next two years
he followed his profession at St. Johns, Oregon, and then went to Silverton, there
maintaining an office until 1909. In that year he went to San Francisco and com-
pleted a postgraduate course of six months in the College of Physicians & Surgeons,
thus promoting his proficiency in his profession. In April, 1909, he located for prac-
tice in Junction City, where he has remained. His long practice and his close study
have developed a high degree of efficiency that places him in the front rank among
the able physicians and surgeons of his section of the state and his practice is now
extensive and of a most important character. He is local surgeon for the Southern
Pacific Railroad Company and has ever kept in touch with the trend of modern pro-
fessional thought, research and investigation through wide reading and study. Dr.
Hicks has not limited his attention to his professional activities, but is a man of
excellent business qualifications, identified with many of the leading mercantile interests
of his section of the state, being a stockholder in the Lane County Fruit Growers Asso-
ciation, the Pacific States Fire Insurance Company and the Junction City Warehouse
Company. He also has extensive property holdings, being the owner of a valuable
ranch of one hundred and eighty-four acres and another comprising one hundred and
eighty-six acres, both in Lane county. They are well improved farms and he is now
leasing them and he is likewise the owner of city property, which he leases. He owns
the building in which his office is situated and also his residence, which consists of
eight rooms and is one of the finest and most modern homes in Junction City. He has
great faith in the future of this state, which he has clearly demonstrated by his
extensive investments in real estate, in which he has met with an unusual degree of
success and has been instrumental in inducing several families from his home state
to locate in this region. He is thoroughly familiar with the topography of the state and
the countless opportunities here offered to the man of energy, ability and determina-
tion, and has made several trips over the state, traversing the country with teams
before the era of the automobile, greatly appreciating the wonderful scenic beauty of
Oregon.

On the 28th of January, 1917, Dr. Hicks was united in marriage to Miss Katherine
E. Swank and they have a large circle of friends in the city where they reside. The
Doctor is a republican in his political views and has ever been interested in the welfare
and progress of his community, serving as a member of the town council. His religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church, and his professional
connections are with the Oregon State and Central Willamette Medical Societies and
the American Medical Association. He is a patriotic and loyal American and while
a resident of Indiana was a member of Company C, Indiana State Guard, with which
he served for three years. During the recent war with Germany he became a member
of the Volunteer Medical Corps, in which connection he rendered most important and
valuable service to the country, and he was also active in promoting all local drives.
Dr. Hicks is numbered among the self-made men who owe their advancement and
prosperity directly to their own efforts, for he started out in life empty-handed and by
his perseverance has gained the place which he now occupies as a distinguished mem-
ber of the medical profession, a progi-essive and enterprising business man and a
patriotic, public-spirited citizen.

JAY F. POWELL.

Modern agriculture requires for its development an efficiency and thorough knowl-
edge which amounts almost to a science and it is becoming recognized as an occupation
in which practical methods result in a high degree of prosperity. Jay F. Powell in
the cultivation of a valuable and productive farm of one hundred acres situated two
and a half miles northwest of Monmouth, exemplifies the truth of this statement. His
entire life has been passed in Oregon and he is a worthy representative of one of
its best known pioneer families. He was born in Linn county, Oregon, March 2, 1869,
and is a son of Franklin S. and Louisa Jane (Peeler) Powell, extended mention of
whom is made elsewhere in this work in connection with the sketch of Dr. J. M.
Powell.

Jay F. Powell was but five years of age at the time of the removal of the family
to Polk county and in the public schools of Monmouth he pursued his education, later
becoming a student in the State Normal school, from which he was graduated with

2fi8 HISTORY OF OREGON

the class of 1889. He then foi- a time assisted his father in the cultivation of the
homestead and subsequently studied vocal music in the conservatory at Quincy,
Illinois, after which he toured the country as a member of a male quartet, also doing
professional singing in Portland churches and during political campaigns. On his
return home he again became associated with his father in the operation of the
home farm, being thus active until the latter's retirement. He now resides on the home
place, having inherited forty-iive acres of the estate following his father's demise, and
has also purchased an additional tract of fifty-six acres, so that he is now the owner
of one hundred acres of rich and productive land. He follows the most progressive
methods in the cultivation of his farm, upon which he has placed many improvements,
converting it into one of the attractive places of Polk county. He is also engaged in
stock raising, specializing in the breeding of high grade Cotswold sheep, and his labors
have ever been of a constructive nature, intelligently carried forward, resulting in the
attainment of substantial success. He is also a stockholder in the First National Bank
of Monmouth and his investments are wisely and judiciously made.

On the 15th of June, 1905, Mr. Powell was united in marriage to Miss Augusta
Mulkey and they became the parents of two children, namely: Morris M., born No-
vember 3. 1906; and Wallace J., whose birth occurred November 27, 1907. Both are attend-
ing school. The wife and mother passed away in October, 1908, after a year's illness,
and her loss was deeply felt by her family and a large circle of friends, owing to her
many lovable traits of character.

In his political views Mr. Powell is a republican and is much interested in educa-
tional work, having served as school director and clerk for the past twenty years.
Fraternally he is identified with the Yeomen, and his religious faith is indicated by
his membership in the Christian church, in the work of which he is actively interested,
serving for a number of years as director of the choir. His genuine personal worth
and his activity in a useful line of endeavor have combined to make him one of the
enterprising and representative men of this section whose careers have been influential
factors in agricultural development.

GEORGE L. PARKER.

One of the important commercial enterprises of Portland is the G. L. Parker
Markets, Parker's Market, City JIarket, and Beaver JIarket, of which George L. Parker
is proprietor and in this connection is at the head of large business interests, his
annual sales reaching more than a half million dollars. He is also a well known turf-
man, owning some of the finest bred harness stock in the country. Mr. Parker is a
native of Canada. He was born in Toronto in 1S64, a son of Captain George and
Jane (Hoag) Parker, the former an English ofllcer and the latter a native of Canada
and of Scotch descent. Emigrating to Canada, the father became superintendent of
a Toronto steamship line, retaining that position for many years. He passed away
in 1920 at the age of eighty-two years, while the mother's demise occurred in 1880.
In their family were six children: E. M., a resident of Toronto, Canada: George L.,
of this review; Arthur E., who passed away at his home in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1919;
Harry, who died in 1919 as the result of a railroad accident; Lillian, who became the
wife of Major C. Smith of Toronto; and Minnie, the wife of Harry Wells, also a resi-
dent of Toronto.

In the schools of Canada George L. Parker pursued his education to the age or
sixteen years, when he went to Chicago, where he secured a position in a meat market
and has since devoted his attention to this branch of business activity. In 1886 he left
Chicago and making his way to Portland entered the employ of L. Zimmerman, who
was at that time one of the leading meat packers and later became president of the
board of aldermen during the administration of Mayor Williams. For a number of
years Mr. Parker was identified with Mr. Zimmerman's business interests in tnis city
opening the Franklin Market, which was the first retail market employing twenty or
more meat cutters and clerks and was owned by the Union Meat Company. In 1892
he went to Tacoma, Washington, where he established and managed the Bay City
Market, later becoming manager of the Pacific Packing Company's plant. He returned
to Portland in 1S95 and purchased the Franklin Market, continuing in this connection
for three years. In 1899 he went to Butte, Montana, and in connection with the
Walker & Gibbs Live Stock Company spent four years in that city and in Anaconda,

GEORGE L. PARKER

HISTORY OF OKEGOX 1^71

dividing his time between the two places. On the expiration of that period he returned
to Portland, where he engaged in business independently, opening a market at No. 149
First street. In order to establish this enterprise he was obliged to borrow the sum
of nine hundred dollars, which amount was loaned him by William S. Ladd, one of
the pioneer bankers of the city, although he had no security to offer, Mr. Ladd trusting
implicitly to his integrity and honor. That he made no mistake in so doing is indi-
cated in the present standing of Mr. Parker, who attributes the greater part of his
success to the timely assistance given him by Mr. Ladd. For sixteen years Mr.
Parker remained at his location on First street and then removed to Nos. 169-171-173
Fourth street, where he is now located, conducting Parker's Market and the City Market.
He also owns and operates the Beaver Market on Yamhill street between Fourth and
Fifth. He has devoted his entire life to the line of work in which he started as a
young man in Chicago and has therefore become thoroughly informed regarding all
phases of the meat and stock industries, so that his efforts have been rewarded with
a gratifying measure of success. An indication of the extent and importance of his
operations is given in the fact that he has in his employ thirty-five persons and
his annual business sales aggregate more than a half million dollars. He is recognized
as a man of excellent business ability and power of organization, whose transactions
have ever been characterized by strict honor and integrity.

It was while a resident of Butte, Montana, that Mr. Parker met and married Miss
Effie Finch, a native of Elkhart, Indiana, and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Finch,
the former a native of the state of New York while the latter was born in St. Thomas,
Ontario, Canada. For many years her father followed railroading as a locomotive
engineer. Two children have been born of this marriage: Janice, a sophomore at Bryn
Mawr College, and Helen, attending St. Helen's Hall at Portland. The family reside
in a fine home at No. 531 East Eighteenth street. North.

Mr. Parker is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Scottish Rite Consistory and
to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine, and his interest in the welfare and progress
of his city is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of Commerce. He is also
identified with the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club and acts as timekeeper for all of
its official sporting events. He is likewise connected with the Portland Community
Service, the International Live Stock Shows, the Auld Lang Syne Society, the Old
Colony Club and is a life member of the Multnomah Club and of the Irvington Club, State
Automobile Association and Harness Horse Association. He is much interested in
the welfare of state and county fairs for the purpose of breeding better live stock.
Mr. Parker is fond of harness racing and enters his horses at all county fairs in
Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia and at state fairs. He maintains his
stables at the Salem fair grounds and they are in charge of Frank Ragsdale, who has
been a successful driver and* trainer in this country and Canada for many world
known stables.

Starting out in life with no capital except the determination to succeed, Mr. Parker
has attained success and stands today as a splendid example of that peculiarly Ameri-
can product — a self-made man. He has known how to make the most of his oppor-
tunities and his well developed powers have brought him the preeminence that fol-
lows superior ability and concentrated effort. He is a forceful factor in business circles
of Portland and is accounted one of her foremost citizens.

ARGUMENTO THURLOW.

Since 1894 Argumento Thurlow has been identified with the Powers Furniture
Company, being at one time a part owner in the business, while he now has charge
of the basement. He has also filled many offices in the Masonic order and has been
accorded the honorary thirty-third degree, ever guiding his life by the beneficent teach-
ings of the organization. Mr. Thurlow is a native of Ohio. He was born January 20,
1850, in Caldwell, Noble county, a son of William and Sally Ann (Morris) Thurlow,
the former a native of Ohio and the latter of West Virginia. The father followed the
occupation of farming and thus provided for his family of six children, namely: Argu-
mento, Sophronia, Mason, Minnie, William and Annie. The family is of English origin
and has been established in America since the sixteenth century.

The youthful days of Argumento Thurlow were spent upon his father's farm and

■2T2 HISTORY OF OREGON

in the common schools he pursued his education. He remained at home until the early
'70s, when he went to Kansas where he resided until 1874 and then made his way to
Portland, Oregon. Here he entered the employ of the firm of Donly, Beard & Powers,
which later became known as the Powers Furniture Company and he has since been
identified therewith. His conscientious service and excellent business ability soon
won recognition, resulting in merited promotions and carefully saving his earnings
Mr. Thurlow at length became part owner in the store. He recently sold his interest
to the Powers Furniture Company. He has seen the business develop from year to
year until it has become one of the largest enterprises of the kind in northwestern
Oregon, the firm name being a synonym for reliability, integrity and enterprise. To
the work of expansion and development he has contributed in large measure and is now
in charge of the basement of the store, most capably managing the interests of his
department. His long connection with the firm has given him an intimate knowledge
of the business and he is thus able to supervise intelligently the work of those under
his charge.

On August 25, 188'8, Mr. Thurlow was united in marriage to Miss Mary L. Slackpole,
of Salmon Falls, New Hampshire, and they have become the parents of two children,
William and Elvira, the latter a student at the University of Oregon. The son was
formerly employed as a bookkeeper and during the World war enlisted in the navy, in
which he served for two years as machinist's mate on a submarine chaser. He has since
joined the Merchant Marine service and is serving as engineer on the U. S. S. West
Naveria, now making his fourth trip to China.

Mr. Thurlow resides in a beautiful modern home at No. 134 East Fifty-fourth
street and the family occupies a prominent position in social circles of the city. He is
one of the most prominent Masons in the state, having joined the order in 1873 at Fort
Scott, Kansas. He is now a member of Harmony Lodge, No. 12, F. & A. M., of which he
has three times been master and he is also a past high priest of the chapter, a past
commander of Oregon Commandery and a past potentate o£ Al Kader Temple of the
Mystic Shrine. He is a charter member of the Knights of Constantine and in January,
1920, was accorded the honorary thirty-third degree in recognition of valuable service
rendered the order. He is also identified with Gul Reazee Grotto No. 65. M. 0. V. P. E. R.,
and is a member of the Grange at Oswego, Oregon. For nearly a half century he
has been a resident of this city and has witnessed much of its growth and development,
bearing his full part in the work of advancement and improvement. Through the wise
utilization of each opportunity presented he has won success in the business world and
his course has been characterized by integrity and honor in every relation, commanding
for him the respect and goodwill of all with whom he has been associated.

HON. GEORGE B. DORRIS.

Hon. George B. Dorris, who for over half a century engaged in the practice of law
in Eugene, has lived retired since 1918 in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. His
birth occurred in Nashville, Tennessee, on the 7th of March, 1832, and he is a son of
Samuel F. and Susanna (Pitt) Dorris, natives of North Carolina. Following his mar-
riage the father went to Nashville, Tennessee, and there followed the carpenter's
trade, residing in that city until his death. The mother is also deceased.

George B. Dorris, the youngest of their family of twelve children, consisting of
eight sons and four daughters, was reared and educated in his native city and there
learned the tinner's trade, being apprenticed when about ten years of age to Snow,
Treppard and Payne, of Nashville, Tennessee, where he was engaged in the business
for a number of years. In 1861, when twenty-nine years of age, he sought the oppor-
tunities offered in the west and made his way to Crescent City, California, where he
worked at the tinner's trade with his brother Ben, for a few years following that
trade in Crescent City and during his leisure hours he studied law, for it was his
desire to become a member of the bar. November 29, 1865, he came to Oregon and in
the same year was admitted to practice at Eugene, passing his bar examination before
Judge Riley E. Stratton, then a member of the supreme court of Oregon, and at whose
request he had come to Oregon. Mr. Dorris continued in practice until the time of
his retirement in 1918. He had practiced his profession continuously in Eugene for
a period of fifty-four years and had the distinction of being the oldest practicing lawyer

HISTORY OF OREGON 273

in the city. He was connected with a number of important law cases and the list of
his clients was an extensive and representative one. He was always careful to conform
his practice to a high standard of professional ethics, never seeking to lead the court
astray in a matter of fact or law nor withholding from it the knowledge of any fact
appearing in the records. His preparation of a case was always most thorough and
comprehensive and he seemed not to lose sight of the smallest detail bearing upon
his cause.

On the 15th of May, 1866, Mr. Dorris was united in marriage to Miss Emma A.
Hoffman, at Jacksonville, Oregon, and they became the parents of three children:
Emma C, who is now the wife of C. A. Hardy, a prominent attorney of Eugene; May,
who married J. E. Bronaugh of Portland, Oregon; and Stella, the wife of Dr. C. A.
Macrum, a resident of Mosier, Oregon.

In politics Mr. Dorris is a democrat and he has taken a prominent part in public
affairs of his community and state. For one term he served as mayor of Eugene, giving
to the city a most businesfelike and progressive administration, characterized by many
needed reforms and improvements, and for twelve years he was a member of the
city council. In 1870 he was elected to the office of representative to the state legisla-
ture and as a member of that body gave thoughtful and earnest consideration to all
the vital and important questions which came up for settlement, fighting earnestly
for the support of bills which he believed to be of great benefit to the public at large.
His fraternal connections are with the Masonic order and the Ancient Order of United
Workmen and his religious faith is that of the Baptist church. Mr. Dorris is numbered
among the oldest residents of Eugene, having taken up his abode here in 1865, and
during the period that has since intervened he has watched with interest the city's
growth and progress, with which he has been closely identified, doing everyting in his
power to promote its advancement along material, intellectual, social, political and moral
lines. His life has been an honorable and upright one and" his example may well be
followed by those who have regard for the things which are most worth while in life.

JACOB RANDAL DAVIS.

The entire business career of Jacob Randal Davis, who for many years was
prominently identified with mercantile and financial interests of Shedd, was marked
by steady progression, resulting from close application and indefatigable energy,
prompted by laudable ambition. He was born in Knox county, Illinois, February 20,
1849, a son of Peter and Harriet (Cannon) Davis, natives of Kentucky. In early life
the father removed to Indiana and there followed farming. Subsequently ue went to
Illinois, settling in Knox county, where for many years he devoted his attention to
the cultivation of his land, but at length he removed to Wataga, Illinois, and there
lived retired throughout his remaining years, his death occurring on the 15th of
March, 1871. The mother survived him for two decades, and passed away in November,
1891.

Jacob R. Davis was reared and educated at Wataga, Illinois, and also attended
the district schools of Knox county. When but fifteen years of age he responded to
President Lincoln's last call for troops in the Civil war and served for three months,
or until the close of the conflict. After receiving his discharge from the service he
engaged in railroad work as a brakeman and thus continued until his foot was acci-
dentally crushed, when he was obliged to abandon that line of activity. For several
years thereafter he\was employed in drug stores and in dry goods establishments and
in 1878 he came to the west, settling in Linn county, Oregon, where he operated rented
land until 1889. In that year he removed to Shedd, where for about two years he
was employed in a store, at the end of which period he purchased a half interest in
the establishment and engaged in general merchandising under the firm style of Grume
& Davis. Subsequently Mr. Crume sold his interest to C. J. Shedd and the firm then
became known as Davis & Shedd. From 1908 until 1912 Mr. Davis' daughter Zella was
a partner in the business, which was then operated under the firm style of Davis, Shedd
& Davis. In 1912 the firm was incorporated as the Davis-Shedd Company, and Mr.
Davis continued active in the management of the enterprise throughout his remaining
years. He was an energetic, farsighted and resourceful business man whose life was
marked by constant progress, resulting from the attainment of his objective in the
business world, and through his efforts the business of the company increased from

l>74 HISTORY OF OREGON

year to year until it assumed extensive proportions. They carry a large and carefully
assorted stock of general merchandise and their enterprising methods, reasonable
prices and courteous treatment of patrons have secured for them a liberal patronage.
Being a man of resourceful business ability, Mr. Davis extended his efforts into other
lines and was one of the stockholders of the Bank of Shedd from its inception.

On the 31st of August, 1876, Mr. Davis was united in marriage to Miss Dora
Botsford, a daughter of Josiah C. and Azubah (McCloud) Botsford, the former a native
of Canada, while the latter was born in Ohio. The father was a prominent and suc-
cessful merchant of Wataga, Illinois, and was also active in public affairs of that
locality, serving for many years as postmaster. In 1869 he removed to Missouri, pur-
chasing land in Carroll county which he developed and improved, continuing its
operation until his demise on the 22d of April. 1903, while the mother passed away
August 18, 1897. Mr. and Mrs. Davis became the parents of a daughter, Zella May,
who was born August 5, 1883, and is now a stockholder in the Davis-Shedd Company.
She married Charles W. Kennedy and they make their home 'in Shedd.

Mr. Davis was a republican in his political views, and his religious faith was
indicated by his membership in the Jlethodist Episcopal church. Fraternally he was
identified with the Masonic order and the Eastern Star, with which Mrs. Davis is also
connected, and through his membership in the Grand Army post at Albany, Oregon,
he maintained pleasant associations with his old army comrades who bravely fol-
lowed the stars and stripes on the battle fields of the south. Mr. Davis passed aw^y
on the 27th of April, 1913, at the age of sixty-four years, and in his passing the com-
munity lost one of its valued citizens, his associates a faithful friend and his family a
devoted husband and father. He was a successful business man, diligent and deter-
mined in all that he undertook, and his record proves that success and an honored name
may be won simultaneously. Mrs. Davis is a stockholder in the Davis-Shedd Company
and also in the Bank of Shedd and is an excellent business woman, capably managing
her interests. She has long been a resident of Linn county, where her fine womanly
qualities have endeared her to a large circle of friends.

GEORGE F. FULLER.

George F. Fuller was a western man and in his life displayed the enterprising
spirit characteristic of the development of the Pacific Coast country. He was born
in Chico, California, November 17, 1860, and was graduated when seventeen years of
age from the California high school. He came to Portland in 1881, the year in which
he attained his majority, and later sailed on the upper Willamette, being employed
as fireman on various steamboats. Still later he was on the R. R. Thompson, a steamer
plying between Portland and Astoria, and for thirteen years served as its chief engineer.
On the 6th of May, 1898, he was appointed United States inspector for boilers and
occupied this position of responsibility for eighteen years, or until his death, which
occurred December 7, 1916.

On the 10th of September, 1890, Mr. Fuller was married to Miss Eva Jerome, a
daughter of the late Captain George and Nancy (Shepard) Jerome. Her father was
born in Stockport, New York, in 1823, and when seventeen years of age was sailing
out of Atlantic ports in the coasting trade and to the West Indies. After following
this branch of marine business for several years he came to California in 1849, re-
maining on the Sacramento river and in the mines until 1852, at which time he came
to Oregon and began steamboating on the Canemah. Later he found employment
on the Willamette until she was brought over the falls, being the only man on board
when she made the perilous trip. He was next employed on the steamers. Onward,
Surprise and Elk, accompanying the boiler of the latter steamer in its celebrated flight
skyward at the time of the explosion. Captain Jerome was afterward in the employ
of the People's Transportation Company, through nearly the whole of its corporate
existence. During his forty years on the river he ran nearly all of the time on the
Willamette, spending the last fourteen years of his life on the Yamhill route in the
service of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Companv. He died in Portland in Novem-
ber, 1886.

In early manhood he wedded Nancy Shepard, who was born in Canton, Illinois,
and came with her parents to Oregon in 1853. Both Captain and Mrs. Jerome, there-

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GEORGE F. FULLER

HISTORY OF OKEGOX 277

fore, were among the earliest settlers of this state and he was most closely associated
with the development of its navigation interests.

To Mr. and Mrs. Fuller was born a daughter, Frances Evelyn, the wife of Alfred
Smith of Portland, who was president of the Columbia river shipbuilding corporation
during the war and president of the Smith-Watson Iron Works of Portland. Mr. and
Mrs. Smith are the parents of one child, Alfred Fuller Smith.

Mr. Fuller gave his political allegiance to the republican party and fraternally was
a Mason, loyal to the teachings and purposes of the craft. He believed firmly in its
principles concerning the brotherhood of man and was always ready to extend a helping
hand wherever it was needed.

MRS. MARY E. LENT.

The old idea that woman's activities must be confined to the home have long been
consigned to oblivion, for woman has proven herself the intellectual equal of the
stronger and sterner sex and has won success in almost every avenue of business
outside of those which demand purely physical strength. In the real estate field Mrs.
Mary E. Lent of Portland has operated most successfully for a number of years. She
was born in Cumberland county. Illinois, August 19, 1877, and there attended the
public schools to the age of seventeen. When twenty years of age she was married
and through association with her husband, who was an attorney, she mastered the
details of the real estate business and also of the abstract business and likewise
acquired a sufficient knowledge of law to encourage her to apply herself to its study,
with the result that she expects soon to be admitted to the bar of Oregon.

Mrs. Lent is a daughter of Philip and Margaret (Haddock) Hosney. Her father,
a native of Illinois, was a farmer and business man who died when his daughter was
but three years of age. The mother was likewise born in Illinois and has also passed
away. In her native state Mrs. Lent spent her girlhood and maidenhood and came to
Portland in 1904. In 1906 she entered her present business, known as the hotel
and apartment house leasing and brokerage business. She has dealt largely with
women and has been most successful, as she feels that a woman instinctively knows
another woman's wants, with but very little explanation needed. Some of her deals
run as high as one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars and she employs five
people, having an office in the Northwestern Bank building. She enjoys the entire
confidence of her clients and has handled the business interests of one lady for sixteen
years. While she has competition in her special line of business she is the acknowledged
leader in that field and it is said that she practically never shows a buyer but one
place, because she always knows just exactly what the purchaser desires.

Mrs. Lent makes her home at No. 126 East Thirty-fourth street, where she enjoys
life with a very charming daughter, whom she has reared and educated and who
in 1921 was graduated from Catlin's Private School for Girls. She is an accomplished
musician, having given much time to the study of instrumental music, and she is
now also taking up vocal music, possessing a rare contralto voice. Mrs. Lent is a member
of the Eastern Star and is a past officer of the Rebekah lodge. Mrs. Lent is a member
of the Chamber of Commerce and also of the Portland Woman's Research Club. She
also belongs to the Unitarian church and along business lines is connected with the
Interstate Realty Association. She has for fourteen years been successfully engaged
in real estate dealing in Portland, largely specializing in hotels and apartment houses,
and there is much that is unique and original about her business. She has displayed
marked initiative in developing and carrying out her plans and now has an extensive
clientage that makes the undertaking a profitable one.

LOUIS H. COMPTON.

Louis H. Compton, who since February 1, 1920, has served as warden of the state
penitentiary, is proving a most efficient officer, maintaining strict discipline and at
the same time treating the inmates of the institution with kindness and consideration.
He is a veteran of both the Spanish-American and World wars, and in the latter conflict

278 HISTORY OF OREGON

rendered noteworthy service, being awarded the Croix de Guerre by Marshal Petain
and also receiving five citations.

Mr. Compton was born in Odessa, Missouri, November 16, 1883, a son of G. M.
and Anna (Peyton) Compton, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of Ken-
tucky. The father was a veteran of the Civil war, serving in the Confederate army.
He removed to Idaho in 1890 and homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land
east of Caldwell. Poth parents have passed away.

In the public schools of Caldwell, Idaho, Louis H. Compton acquired his education,
subsequently completing a business course. On starting out in the business world
he became an employe in a wholesale house at Boise. Idaho, and then enlisted in the
United States army, becoming a member of D Troop of the Fourth Cavalry, with which
he was sent to the Philippines, spending twenty-two months on the islands and seeing
a great deal of active service. On receiving his discharge Mr. Compton returned to
Boise, resuming his position with his former employers, with whom he remained
for two years. He then came to Salem, Oregon, as local secretary for the Young Men's
Christian Association and was thus active from 1911 until 1916, when the trouble with
Mexico arose and he went to the border as first lieutenant in the Third Oregon Infantry,
winning promotion to the rank of battalion adjutant. After demobilization he resumed
his secretarial duties and was thus engaged until the 25th of March, 1917, when he
was again called to the service. His regiment was mobilized at Clackamas, Oregon,
and was sent to Camp Greene, South Carolina, going from there to Camp Mills,
Long Island. In December, 1917, they were transported to France and there was con-
siderable excitement on the trip over, tor just as they were entering St. Nazaire,
France, their destroyers sighted the submarines. After arriving in France Mr. Comp-
ton acted as provost marshal for the first few months. His regiment and division were
made a replacement unit and during the entire war engaged in drilling raw troops to
replace the units at the front. Seeing no chance to get to the front through ordinary
methods Mr. Compton asked one of his friends, an officer in the Twenty-third In-
fantry, to use his influence in getting him assigned to his regiment. This was accom-
plished late in July, 1918, and Mr. Compton was assigned to Headquarters Company.
Twenty-third Infantry, and given command of the Thirty-seven Millimeter and the
Stokes Mortar Platoons. Discovering that the thirty-seven millimeters and the Stokes
mortars were not being used effectually, he asked for a consultation with the lieutenant
colonel, who W3S then the technical officer of the regiment. The interview was granted
and Mr. Compton's plans were submitted and subsequently adopted by the regiment,
the brigade and the entire Second Division. Following the St. Mlhiel engagement his
command was mentioned in regimental orders. The next drive in which he partici-
pated was on the Champagne front, in a sector known as St. Etienne Aux Armes.
Here they took over a difficult task from the French, the latter having been unable to
make any headway tor some time. On the morning of October 1. 1918, the attack
was begun and the division continued to advance. On the afternoon of October 4th
Mr. Compton was gassed by phosgene and mustard gas and was twice wounded, receiving
a machine gun bullet in the left arm. and later was wounded in the left leg by a shell
fragment. He refused to go to the rear after the wound in his arm, although it totally
disabled that member, and he also refused to go to the rear for treatment of the leg wound
until he was no longer able to walk. He was sent to a hospital for treatment and it
was over a montli before he recovered from his Injuries. For his bravery and gallantry
in action he was awarded the French Croix de Guerre by Marshal Petain and he also
received five citations. He was discharged from the hospital November 11, 1918. the
day on which the armistice was signed, and started back to rejoin his command, then
en route to the Rhine, but did not regain his regiment, being assigned to criminal
investigation work in a branch of the United States army secret service, owing to his
familiarity with the French language and certain other qualifications. He continued in
this line of work until his return to the United States in February. 1919, with the
One Hundred and Sixty-second Oregon Regiment, and was mustered out at Camp
Lewis, Washington, March 27. 1919, after two years and two days of service. His is
indeed a most creditable military record and one of which he has every reason to be
proud, showing him to be a man of the utmost courage and bravery, willing to sacri-
fice his life if need be in defense of his country and the interests of democracy.

Mr. Compton then returned to Salem and again took up his work as secretary
for the Young Men's Christian Association, but at the end of six weeks was appointed
parole officer by Governor Olcott. Eight months afterward Dr. R. E. Lee Steiner,
who was then warden of the state penitentiary, returned to his former position as

HISTORY OF OREGON 279

superintendent o£ the Oregon State Hospital and Mr. Compton was appointed his suc-
cessor, taking up the duties of his new office on the 1st day of February, 1920. His
military experience and his criminal investigation work in connection with the French
secret service have been of great assistance to him in his present position, enabling
him so to direct his energies as to produce most beneficial results. He is devoting
much thought and study to the work in which he is engaged, maintaining an excel-
lent system of discipline and at the same time doing everything in his power to im-
prove conditions for the inmates of the institution, so that they may receive a new out-
look upon life and thus become useful members of society.

On the 21st of March. 1910, Mr. Compton was united in marriage to Miss Bertha
V. Sharpe, a native of Clackamas county, the ceremony being performed at Boise,
Idaho, and they have become the parents of a son, David Richard, now three years of
age. Fraternally Mr. Compton is connected with the Masons, belonging to Pacific
Lodge, No. 50, and to Salem Lodge, No. 336, B. P. 0. E. He is vice commander of the
local camp of the American Legion and is also a member of the Foreign War Veterans.
He stands as a high type of American manhood and chivalry and progress and patriotism
may well be termed the keynote of his character, being manifest in every relation of his
life. In civic office he manifests the same fidelity and devotion to duty which he showed
in the military service of his country and his record is an unblemished one, command-
ing for him the admiration and respect of all.

JUDGE WILLIAM S. McFADDEN.

Judge William S. McFadden, who passed away at Corvallis, April 30, 1916, was
one of the most eminent and widely known jurists of the northwest. Coming to Oregon
in 1873, he opened a law office in Corvallis, where he continued in practice to the time
of his demise, his high professional attainments winning for him a large patronage. He
was most careful to conform his practice to the highest standard of professional ethics
and at all times proved himself an able minister in the temple of justice.

Judge McFadden was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, May 22, 1846,
a son of Thomas and Alicia (Chapman) McFadden, who were also born in that part of
the state, the latter being a niece of Alexander Campbell, the founder of the Christian
church. The father followed farming in Pennsylvania until 1883, when he made his
way to Oregon, taking up his residence in Corvallis, where he continued to reside
thi'oughout the remainder of his life. He passed away December 20, 1897, having long
survived the mother, whose demise occurred in September, 1863.

Their son, William S. McFadden, was reared and educated in Washington county.
Pennsylvania, and Bethany, West Virginia. Taking up the study of law at Washing-
ton, Pennsylvania, he completed his professional course and was admitted to the bar
in 1872. In the following year he came to Oregon, opening an office at Corvallis,
where he continuously engaged in practice until the time of his demise. He was at
one time associated in practice with E. R. Bryson, now a resident of Eugene, Oregon,
and in 1910 entered into partnership relations with Arthur Clarke, under the firm style
of McFadden & Clarke, under which name Mr. Clarke still continues the business. Judge
McFadden's pronounced ability in his profession was widely recognized and he became
one of the best known attorneys of the Pacific northwest. In the early days he was
called to California on legal business, making the journey of three hundred miles on
horseback. This was a very hazardous undertaking at that period, fraught with many
hardships and dangers, but he was successful in his mission, clearing his client, and
for his services he received a fee of three hundred dollars. His broad experience and
high professional standing led to his selection for public office and he served as district
attorney and also sat upon the bench of the county court. He was a man of wide
legal learning, seldom, if ever, at fault in the application of one of the principles of
jurisprudence. His record as a judge was a most creditable one. He was strictly
fair and impartial in all of his rulings and his opinions were sustained by higher
courts upon appeal. In addition to his professional activities Judge McFadden was
also interested in farm properties, owning five hundred acres of valuable and pro-
ductive land in the vicinity of Junction City, which is now in the possession of his
widow. He was also the owner of eight residences in Corvallis, which he rented and he
held sixty-six lots at College, but these he later sold. He was a man of sound judgment

280 HISTORY OF OREGON

and keen discernment and was most successful in the conduct of his business affairs,
his dealings ever being characterized by the strictest integrity.

On the 3d of April, 1873, Judge McFadden was united in marriage to Miss Mary
Lane, a daughter of Thomas and Rebecca (McElroy) Lane, natives of Washington
county, Pennsylvania. The father engaged in the livery business and also was superin-
tendent of a number of mail routes, carrying the mail by stage. He passed away in
Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1905 and the mother's demise occurred in 1872.
To Judge and Mrs. McFadden were born six children, namely: Julian, who is pro-
prietor of the Julian Hotel at Corvallis; Hugh, a resident of Eugene; Burke, who is
engaged in farming near Junction City; and Agnes, Alicia and Mary, all of whom are
deceased. The wife and mother passed away October 27, 1888, after a long illness,
and on the 25th of December, 1889, Judge McFadden wedded Miss Sallie Lane, a
sister of his first wife. They became the parents of six children: Bryan, who served as
captain of an Infantry company for two years in the World war and was twice wounded,
was formerly associated with his father in practice at Corvallis but is now following
his profession at San Gabriel, California; Julia and Helen, twins, the former a trained
nurse at Portland, who for two years during the World war was engaged in profes-
sional work overseas, while the latter is employed as bookkeeper with the First Na-
tional Bank of Corvallis; Curran L., a druggist at Athena, Oregon, who was com-
missioned a first lieutenant of Company K, Corvallis, and saw two years' service in the
war with Germany, spending one year in France; Grattan, who died January 29, 1899,
at the age of two and a half years; and Murius, who is a student at the Oregon Agri-
cultural College and is much interested in athletics, being a member of the football
team.

In his political views Judge McFadden was a stalwart democrat and a leader in the
ranks of the party. Fraternally he was identified with the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and his religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Christian
church. His was a most creditable record, characterized by devotion to duty in every
relation, and in his passing the state lost one of its eminent jurists, the community one
of its valued citizens, his associates a faithful friend, and his family a devoted hus-
band and father.

STEPHEN T. CHURCH.

In a history of Oregon, its settlement, its business development and its progress
along various lines, the name of Stephen T. Church figures prominently, for at various
periods he was closely associated with mercantile interests and with the development
of navigation. He was born at Lackawanna, Pennsylvania, in 1831, a son of Stephen
and Harriet Church. He spent his early life in the Keystone state and acquired his
education in the schools there. He was ambitious, however, to try his fortune else-
where and when twenty-one years of age, in company with other young men. he
outfitted with ox teams and wagons and started tor the west. They traveled across the
entire breadth of the continent to Oregon, arriving in the fall of 1852 after many weary
months of travel across the hot stretches of sand and over the high mountains until
at length their vision was gladdened by a sight of the gi-een valleys of Oregon.

From that time until his death Mr. Church remained a resident of this state and
lived to witness its development from a wild and unsettled region, largely inhabited
by Indians, into a populous and prosperous commonwealth having all of the advan-
tages known to the older east. With his partner Mr. Church engaged in mining on
Althouse creek in southern Oregon and there they operated very successfully and are
still operating. Mr. Church also established a store and purchased mules and con-
ducted a pack train between Oregon City and the mines, having twenty-eight pack
mules. At the time of the Indian war. however, the government took over his mules
and the mines. As it was no longer possible for him to continue in the business he
became associated with Joseph Teal in a mercantile enterprise at Eugene. Later he
removed to Harrisburg, where he again engaged in merchandising in association with
Asa and David McCully. While thus connected with the McCully brothers he likewise
engaged in the transportation business, which they conducted under the name of the
Peoples Transportation Company and Mr. Church was thus identified with navigation
interests to the time of his death, their boats plying between Harrisburg and Oregon
City. In all that he undertook Mr. Church was actuated by a most progressive spirit.

STEPHEN T. CHURCH

HISTORY OF OREGON 283

He was constantly seeking to improve conditions and the company built a breakwater
at the falls at Oregon City, a part of which is still standing. He readily recognized
the opportunities that lay before the new commonwealth and ever sought to con-
tribute to public advancement and improvement as well as to promote his individual
interests.

In 1857 Mr. Church was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth C. Lister, a daugh-
ter of William and Catherine Lister who were natives of England and came to the
United States in early life, afterward removing to Oregon where they settled in
pioneer times. The father of Mr. Lister had previously come to the United States
and purchased a ticket for Kentucky but was never heard from again. It is supposed
that he died of cholera. William Lister afterward crossed the Atlantic and took up
his abode in Kentucky where he resided until March, 1853, and then started by ox
team for Oregon, arriving there in the fall. He then secured a donation claim of three
hundred and twenty acres in the Mohawk valley.

Two daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Church: Harriet I., now the wife
of Dr. A. J. Giesy of Portland; and Elizabeth Luella, the wife of Lewis G. Clark of the
firm of Woodruff & Clark of Portland. They also had one son, Samuel W., who died
in early life. The death of Mr. Church occurred in 1872 and thus passed away one who
had been a valuable contributor to the pioneer development of the state. The naviga-
tion company with which he was connected did what no other company ever accom-
plished, raising and lowering the tariff according to its value at that time. Fra-
ternally Mr. Church was both a Mason and an Odd Fellow and was most loyal to the
teachings and high purposes of these organizations, exemplifying in his life the benef-
icent principles upon which they are founded.

JOHN M. JONES.

John M. Jones, the popular and efficient postmaster of Portland, received his
present appointment on the 26th of August, 1920, and has the distinction of being one
of the first men chosen as the head of the post office department in the larger cities of the
United States because of their fitness for office without regard to party affiliation. He
is exceptionally well qualified for the discharge of his duties in this connection, hav-
ing been connected with the work of the department from the age of nineteen years and
through faithful and conscientious service has won continuous promotions until his
position is now one of large responsibility. Mr. Jones is one of Oregon's native sons.
He was born in Roseburg on the 23d of August, 1871, and is a son of Joseph and
Rowena (Wright) Jones, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Missouri. The
paternal and maternal grandfathers of the subject of this review, George Jones and
John M. Wright, emigrated to Oregon in pioneer times, casting in their fortunes with its
early settlers. The father, who was of Welsh descent, engaged in farming in this state
and his demise occurred in 1913. The mother survives and is now residing in Spokane,
Washington. The surviving children of the family are Elmer, Emma, John M., Ralph,
Rowena and Elizabeth.

John M. Jones acquired a high school education and when nineteen years of age
he was appointed mail carrier by Postmaster George Steele, this being previous to the
establishment of the civil service system. For twelve years he served as carrier and
was then appointed office clerk, remaining in that position for a year. His next pro-
motion made him assistant superintendent of city deliveries and after a year in that
office he became superintendent of carriers, serving in that capacity for ten years,
following which he was made superintendent of mails and for six years had charge
of that work. On the 6th of April, 1920, he became assistant postmaster, in which
office he served until the 26th of August of that year, when he was appointed post-
master, being selected to fill that office because of his qualifications therefor without
regard to party affiliation. His long experience in the department has given him an
intimate knowledge of the work and he is meeting every requirement of the position,
proving one of the most capable postmasters the city has ever had.

In 1910 Mr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Mame Schaible, of Michigan.
and they reside at No. 916 East Taylor street. He is a veteran of the Spanish-
American war and a member of the Chamber of Commerce, supporting all of the plans
and projects of that organization tor the upbuilding of the city and the extension
of its trade relations. He is also a member of the Ad Club and the Kiwanis Club. In

2,S4 HISTORY OF OREGON

Masonry he has attained the thirty-second degree and also belongs to the commandery
and shrine and is likewise identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while
for recreation he turns to fishing, hunting and motoring. As postmaster of Portland
he is making a splendid record and is a man of honorable purposes and high principles
who commands the respect and confidence of all with whom he has been associated.

HERBERT E. WALKER.

Herbert B. Walker, assessor of Lane county, Is a native of this county, his birth
having occurred at Pleasant Hill on the 12th of July, 1875. He is a son of Albert S.
and Sarah L. (Higgins) Walker, the former of whom was born in Missouri and the
latter in Massachusetts. The father crossed the plains to Oregon in 1853 with his
parents, the journey being made with ox teams, and the family endured many hard-
ships and privations en route. In young manhood Albert S. Walker learned the trade
of blacksmithing and wagon making, which he followed at Springfield, Oregon, for
several years. At length, however, he abandoned that line of work and engaged in the
real estate and insurance business at Springfield, in which he was quite successful,
remaining actively connected therewith the remainder of his life, his death occurring
in September, 1915. The mother survives and is now a resident of Eugene.

Their son, Herbert E. Walker, was reared and educated at Springfield, Oregon, and
learned the trades of blacksmithing and cabinet-making under the direction of his father.
He followed that line of work until 1913, when he was elected recorder of Springfield,
serving in that office for four years. He then secured employment in the shipyards
at Raymond, Washington, there remaining for one year, and in July, 1919, was appointed
county assessor of Lane county to fill out the unexpired term caused by the death
of D. P. Burton. At the regular election in November, 1920, he was elected without
opposition, to a four-year term. In which position he is serving and in a most able and
conscientious manner, is discharging the duties which devolve upon him in this
connection.

In October, 1904, Mr. Walker was united in marriage to Miss Vista Pearl Morgan,
a daughter of Henry L. and Ellen (Hunsacker) Morgan, natives of Missouri. The
fatner crossed the plains in 1847 and settled in Lane county, Oregon, becoming one
of its early pioneers. For several years he engaged in the cultivation of a farm in
this section and also followed the trade of a carpenter. At length, however, he retired
and took up his abode at Lowell, Lane county, where he passed away in 1914. The
mother survives and resides in Eugene.

Mr. Walker's fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Woodmen of the World and the United Artisans. His political allegiance is given
to the republican party and his religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church.
His entire life has been passed within the borders of the state and the spirit of
progressiveness which predominates in the west prompts him to do everything in his
power to aid his community and commonwealth. He possesses many substantial and
admirable traits of character and all with whom he is acquainted speak of him in
terms of high regard.

ASA B. STARBUCK, M. D.

Dr. Asa B. Starbuck, who since 1907 has engaged in the practice of medicine and
surgery at Dallas, is widely and favorably known in this section of the state, for his
birth occurred four miles west of Salem, in Polk county, June 6, 1876. His parents,
Thomas H. and Almira B. (Gibson) Starbuck, were natives of Ohio and Illinois, re-
spectively. In 1864 the father accompanied his parents on their Journey across the
plains to Oregon, the family locating on a farm in Polk county, which became the
birthplace of the subject of this review. The father engaged in farming in this sec-
tion of the state until 1887, when he removed to Portland in order to give his children
better educational advantages. He has since made that city his home and has been
very successful in his undertakings, becoming the owner of valuable real estate, and
is also engaged in preaching the gospel as a minister of the Seventh Day Adventist
church. He has reached the age of seventy-seven years but retains his mental and

HISTORY OF OREGON 285

physical vigor and is yet an active factor in the world's work. The mother also sur-
vives. In 1852 she crossed the plains with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Davis Gibson,
as members of a train of emigrants, and as they journeyed along the Platte river
they became victims of the cholera epidemic, losing half of their party. The father
had previously made the trip to Oregon in 1848, and being pleased with the country,
returned to the east and succeeded in inducing others to locate on the Pacific slope.
Taking up a homestead claim in Polk county adjoining the Starbuck ranch, he here
engaged in farming throughout the remainder of his life, passing away at the age of
eighty-two, while his wife's demise occurred about 1902, when she had reached the
venerable age of ninety-two years.

Asa B. Starbuck attended the schools of Polk county and of Portland, being
eleven years of age when his parents became residents of that city. Subsequently he
became a student in the Walla Walla College at Walla Walla, Washington, from which
he was graduated in 1899, and in 1902 he entered the medical department of the State
University of Oregon, graduating with the class of 1906. For a year thereafter he was
interne in St. Vincent's Hospital at Portland, where he gained valuable experience, and
in 1907 he opened an office in Dallas, where he has since followed his profession. He
has through the intervening period built up a large practice and is accounted one of the
most able and successful physicians of this part of the state. He has studied broadly,
thinks deeply, and his efforts have been of the greatest value to his patients, for he
is seldom at fault in the diagnosis of cases and his sound judgment and careful study
enable him to do excellent professional work. He also has invested in farm lands
in the county and has a seventy-acre prune orchard, supplied with the most modern
equipment in the way of buildings and driers.

On the 30th of July, 1913, Dr. Starbuck was united in marriage to Miss Ruth
Beaver and they have become the parents of three children, namely: Mary E., who
was born June 9, 1914; Almira E., born August 18, 1917; and Thomas B., whose birth
occurred on the 7th of December, 1918.

In his political views the Doctor is a republican, and fraternally is Identified
with the Knights of Pythias and is also a Scottish Rite Mason and member of the
Shrine. His professional connections are with the Medical Societies of Polk, Marion and
Yamhill counties, the Oregon State Medical Society and the American Medical Asso-
ciation. He is a patriotic and loyal American and during the World war had charge
of the sale of War Savings Stamps in Polk county and also conducted all of the local
drives, for which he raised the sum of four hundred thousand dollars in Polk county.
He likewise served as a member of the Council of Defense and was chairman of the
Red Cross county committee, thus rendering most important and valuable aid to the gov-
ernment in its hour of need. He is a lover of his profession, deeply interested in its
scientific and humanitarian phases and puts forth every effort to make his labors
effective in checking the ravages of disease. He is a man of strict integrity and high
ideals, who in every relation of life exemplifies the highest standards of American
manhood and citizenship.

WALTER E. WADSWORTH.

Walter E. Wadsworth, secretary-treasurer and general manager of Hill & Com-
pany, Inc., conducting one of the leading mercantile establishments of Harrisburg, was
born in Marion, Indiana, December 21, 1865, a son of Ariel S. and Sarah Wadsworth.
the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of Kentucky. The father, who
was a contractor and builder, removed from Massachusetts to Indiana at an early period
in the development of that state, Indianapolis at that time being but a village. In the
vicinity of that town the father purchased a tract of land which he operated in addition
to his work as a contractor and builder, and he continued to reside in that locality the
remainder of his lite, passing away in 1878. The mother survived him for several
years, her death occurring in 1892.

Their son, Walter E. Wadsworth, was reared and educated in Indianapolis, attend-
ing the public schools and a business college of that city. On starting out in the busi-
ness world he engaged in work as a bridge carpenter and later became a contractor
and builder. Going to Missouri, he constructed practically all of the buildings in
Thayer, Oregon county, and continued in that line of work for a period of twelve

2S6 HISTORY OF OREGON

years. He then went to Arkansas and engaged in the conduct of Hotel Wadsworth
at Eureka Springs, of which he was proprietor for three years. On the e.xpiration of
that period he traded his hotel property for twenty-one hundred acres of timber land
in the southeastern part of Arkansas, which he still owns. He next became traveling
representative for the Racine Sattler Company of St. Louis, which he represented on
the road for six years, his territory comprising southeastern Missouri and Arkansas.
In 1908 he came to Portland, Oregon, as salesman for the Moline Plow Company, with
whom he continued for about nine years, or until 1917, when he removed to Harrisburg,
Oregon, and purchased an interest in the firm of Hill & Company. Inc., which he
has since served as secretary-treasurer and general manager. The company deals
in house furnishings of all kinds, implements, etc., and conducts one of the largest
mercantile establishments in this section of the state, their annual business trans-
actions now exceeding the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. They have
just completed a fine modern garage one hundred by one hundred feet in dimensions,
at a cost of fifteen thousand dollars, tor which Mr. Wadsworth drew the plans and
also supervised the work of erection. The company also has the agency for the Ford
and Fordson products and the business is very extensive and profitable, conducted
along the most modern and progressive lines. Being a man of resourceful business
ability, Mr. Wadsworth has extended his efforts into various lines and has become
the owner of valuable oil holdings in Kansas. He also has twenty-one hundred acres
of timber land in Arkansas, of which one thousand acres is virgin oak, and he is
likewise a stockholder in the Harrisburg Lumber Company. He is a farsighted and
sagacious business man, whose interests have been most wisely and carefully con-
ducted, bringing to him a gratifying measure of success.

On the 10th of November, 1885, Mr. Wadsworth was united in marriage to Miss
Clara P. Yates and they have become the parents of five children: Elmer L., Aileen,
Fern, Dwight and Jennie L. His political allegiance is given to the democratic
party and his religious faith is indicated by his attendance upon the services of the
Methodist Episcopal church. He is prominent in fraternal circles, belonging to the
Masons, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, and in the last named organization he has filled all the chairs and is one
of the grand officers of the Grand Encampment of Oregon. Mr. Wadsworth has led
a busy, active and useful life, employing every opportunity to advance, and his success
is the direct result of his close application and laudable ambition, while at all time^
his career has been such as would bear the closest investigation and scrutiny. He is
everywhere spoken of as a citizen of worth, possessing many sterling traits of
character which have won for him the high regard of all who know him.

WILLIAM S. TURNER.

William S. Turner, a consulting civil and electrical engineer, residing in Port-
land, is widely known through his professional connections not only in this country
but in foreign lands as well. He was born in Quincy, Illinois, was graduated from
Knox College, and in preparation for his professional career attended Cornell Univer-
sity, from which, after a two years postgraduate course, he received the degree of
Master of Science. He located for the practice of his profession in New York city in
1888 and there became well known as an engineer and contractor. From 1899 until
1907 he was construction engineer with J. G. White & Company, engineers of New
York city, and was New Zealand representative for two years. From 1908 until 1911
he was the northwestern manager for W. S. Barstow & Company, engineers of New
York city, in charge of the Portland. Oregon, office, and he is now practicing his pro-
fession independently as a consulting and electrical engineer, with offices in the
Spalding building in Portland. He makes special investigations, examinations and
reports, physical and financial valuations, draws up specifications and plans, and
supervises construction and equipment in connection with railroads, electric railways,
electric lighting systems, hydro-electric power plants, water supply and irrigation
systems. He had charge of the electrification and equipment of about one hundred
miles of steam railroad for the Ft. Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railway Company,
was in charge of construction work on seventeen miles of railroad track for the
Youngstown & Southern Railway Company, of Youngstown, Ohio, was the builder
of the roadbed, and had charge of the track and overhead construction, for the

HISTORY OF OREGON 287

Washington & Great Palls Electric Railway Company, and other Washington, D. C,
suburban lines, was the engineer on about thirty miles of high tension electric trans-
mission lines for the Long Island City Electric Company, has been the builder of
numerous power plants and trolley systems in the south, including those of the
Capitol Railway Company at Washington, D. C, Augusta Street Railway Company of
Augusta, Georgia, Washington, Alexandria & Mt. Vernon Railroad at Alexandria,
Virginia, and many others. He has done important work, as well, in the Mississippi
valley and upon the Pacific coast. He installed a complete system of underground
conduits and cables for business districts, for the Portland Railway, Light & Power
Company, and has executed important contracts and engineering work for the Oregon
Electric Railway Company, the Portland Cordage Company, the Pacific Power & Light
Company, The Portland Gas & Coke Company, and many other corporations.

On the 19th of May, 1891, Mr. Turner was united in marriage to Miss Helen Sewall
of Clarinda, Iowa, a daughter of Caleb Marsh and Catherine (Summer) Sewall, the
former, a Baptist minister, while both were natives of Maine, and have now passed
away. Mrs. Turner was born in Hamilton, Illinois, and was educated at Quincy,
Illinois, where she attended the University, but did not graduate. She is now suc-
cessfully engaged in the real estate brokerage business, making a specialty of the
beautiful suburban district south of Portland, along the west bank of the river that
includes Revira, Riverdale, Riverwood and Palatine Hill, and also some of the more
desirable large properties in other parts of the city. She has offices in the Spalding
building in connection with Mr. Turner. The residence of Mr. and Mrs. Turner is
located in Riverdale. They became the parents of two children, Katharine Savage,
now deceased, and Edmond Sewall, twenty-five years of age, who is an electrical
engineer with the Pacific Power & Light Company. He is a graduate of Stanford
University of California. Both Mr. and Mrs. Turner are members of the First Con-
gregational church of Portland and Mrs. Turner belongs to the Daughters of the
American Revolution. Mrs. Turner has spent much time abroad, having gone with
her husband when he was engaged in professional work in foreign lands. They are
both enthusiastic supporters of Portland, and do everything in their power to upbuild
the city and promote those forces which are vital to the welfare and progress of the
northwest. They are people of liberal education, innate culture and refinement, and
they occupy an enviable social position, while both Mr. and Mrs. Turner have gained
a creditable place along the lines of business to which they devote their energies.

HON. ALFRED BLEVINS.

Hon. Alfred Blevins, a pioneer of Oregon and a veteran of the Indian wars, for
two terms represented his district in the state legislature and is now one of the
leading agriculturists and influential citizens of Linn county, operating a valuable
ranch of one hundred and sixty acres located one and a half miles west of Tangent. He
was born in Kentucky, October 24, 1837, of the marriage of Isaac and Eliza (Maupin)
Blevins, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Kentucky. In early man-
hood tlie father followed blacksmithing and in 1S40 he removed to Missouri, purchasing
land in Henry county, which he continued to operate until the 12th of May, 1850, when
with ox teams he started across the plains for Oregon, arriving in the Willamette
valley in the following October. While crossing the Cascade mountains he was caught
in a snowstorm and was obliged to abandon five wagons there. He proceeded with the
two remaining wagons and it was not until the following summer that he was able
to recover those which he had left in the mountains. On arriving in Oregon he took
up land in Linn county and this he cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation
throughout the remainder of his life. He died in 1885 at the age of eighty-four years
and the mother passed away in 1889, when she had reached the venerable age of
ninety years.

Their son, Alfred Blevins, was educated in the schools of Missouri and Linn
county, Oregon, being thirteen years of age when he accompanied his parents to this
state. When eighteen years of age he volunteered for service in the Indian war and
after three months' service he was discharged in 1856. Later he re-entered the service,
going with a wagon train engaged in hauling supplies to the soldiers who were fighting
the red men, and was thus connected with Indian warfare tor about a year. After
receiving his discharge he returned home and for a time followed farming but

288 HISTORY OF OREGON

subsequently went to California and for seven years was engaged in mining in that
state and in southern Oregon, Idaho and British Columbia. On the expiration of that
period he returned to Linn county and purchased his present ranch of one hundred
and sixty acres, situated one and one-half miles west of Tangent. Of this he cleared
about twenty acres, which in its present highly developed state gives little indication
of its raw and unimproved condition when he became its owner. He has made a close
study of the needs of the soil and climate in relation to the production of crops here
and everything about his place indicates that he follows practical and progressive
methods. He has since operated his ranch with the exception of seven years spent in
the warehouse business in Tangent and two years at Corvallis, where the family resided
during the time the son was pursuing his studies. All of the features of the model
farm of the twentieth century are found upon his place and it is one of the attractive
farms of Linn county.

On the 18th of September, 1870, Mr. Blevins was united in marriage to Miss
Louisiana Maxey, who was born in Monroe county, Missouri, June 8, 1852, and is a
daughter of John J. and Laura (Morris) Maxey, the former a native of Kentucky
and the latter of Ohio. When but three years of age the father was taken by his
parents to Missouri and in 1860 he started for the west with the intention of settling
in Oregon, but went instead to California. However, after residing in the Golden
state for four years he made his way to Oregon and in Linn county he operated
rented land for some time, later purchasing a tract which he improved and developed,
continuing its cultivation for several years, when he went to Idaho and there made
his home with his children, passing away in that state in March, 1899. He had
survived the mother for a decade, her demise having occurred in 1889. To Mr. and
Mrs. Blevins were born nine children, of whom seven survive, namely: Wade H.,
Clara, Alfred, Georgiana, Edna L.. Hattie and Glenn. Those deceased are: Alice, who
died in October, 1871, when but an infant; and Laura, who was born in March, 1874,
and died in 1891, at the age of seventeen years.

In his political views Mr. Blevins is a democrat and in public affairs he has taken
an active and prominent part. In 1883 he was chosen to represent his district in the
state legislature and his creditable record in office won for him reelection in 1892. In
his public service he ever looked beyond the exigencies of the moment to the oppor-
tunities and possibilities of the future. He closely studied all the vital questions
which came up for settlement and was a stalwart champion of many measures which
found their way to the statute books of the state and are proving of great value to the
commonwealth. He has likewise served as road supervisor and in public office he
always stood for development and for constructive measures. He holds membership
in the local Grange, and fraternally he is identified with the Masons. Coming to this
state in 1850, when a boy of thirteen, the various experiences of pioneer life are familiar
to Mr. Blevins, and through his industry and enterprise he has contributed to the
substantial development and progress of the section in which he lives. He can
remember when many of the well cultivated farms were covered with a dense growth
of forest trees and when great stretches of land that are now thickly populated
presented no indication of civilization. He has made good use of his time and in the
evening of life can look back over the past without regret and forward to the future
without fear.

HOLDEN HARGREAVES.

Holden Hargreaves spent his last days in Portland where he lived retired from
business in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. He had been engaged in building and
contracting for many years but put aside activities of this character when he became
possessed of a comfortable fortune that rendered further labor unnecessary. He was
born near Manchester, England, in 1851, a son of James and Jane H. Hargreaves. He
spent the first nineteen years of his life in his native land and then determined to
try his fortune in the new world, where he arrived in 1870. After three years he
returned to England, but in 1877 came again to the United States. In that year he made
his way to Illinois, where he resided for a brief period and then removed to Mani-
toba, Canada, in connection with three of his brothers, their residence there covering
a period of eight years. At the end of that time they made their way to the northwest,
settling at Portland where Holden Hargreaves continued to reside until his demise.

HOLDEN HARGREAVES

HISTORY OF OREGON 291

For several years he was engaged in contracting and building and later established
a planing mill at Roseburg, which he operated for a few years. He then retired from
active business and made his home in Portland throughout his remaining days. He
owned the first planer ever brought into the state. It was originally the property of
Dr. John McLoughlin and was in a mill which Mr. Hargreaves purchased, and was
later given to the city museum. It was industry and close application that brought
to him the success which enabled him eventually to live retired and enjoy the fruits
of his former toil.

During the period which Mr. Hargreaves spent in England after first coming to
the new world, he was married, in 1874, to Miss Maria Tattersoll, a daughter of James
and Elizabeth Tattersoll. Eight children were born of this marriage: Fred, William,
Robert, John H., James A., Jane, Florence M., and Helen F., the last named being the
wife of C. Watson.

Mr. Hargreaves was a member of the order of United Artisans for several years.
In politics he maintained an independent course, voting according to his own judg-
ment without regard to parties. He belonged to the east side Baptist church and
always endeavored to follow its teachings. His life, therefore, was characterized by
worthy motives and honorable deeds. He passed away at his home in Portland, Febru-
ary' 20, 1918, and was interred in Mt. Scott Cemetery.

JAMES R. LINN.

James R. Linn, president of the Marion Hotel Company, is also the owner of
several ranches in the state, in addition to valuable city real estate in Salem, and he
is likewise a leader in the political circles of his party in Oregon. He is a most public-
spirited and progressive citizen whose influence has ever been on the side of advance-
ment and improvement and his efforts have been potent elements in promoting the
development and upbuilding of Salem and of the state at large.

Mr. Linn is a native of Pennsylvania. He was born in Huntingdon county, June
5, 1868, a son of James W. Linn, who became a pioneer farmer in western Iowa. His
brother. Rev. Hugh Linn, was a minister of the Methodist church, preaching the gospel
in Pennsylvania and Iowa, his labors proving effective forces for good in the sections
of the country which he served.

Coming to the west by way of Colorado and Utah, James R. Linn, at the age of
twenty-one, became superintendent of the farm for the State Home for Feeble Minded
in California and on the 1st of April, 1896, he came to Salem, entering the employ
of George W. Hubbard, for whom he acted as hop buyer, also engaging in growing
hops on his own account. In 1897 he formed a partnership with Russell Catlin, the
firm engaging in the growing and buying of hops, and this relationship was maintained
until 1915. Mr. Linn, however, continues his hop-growing activities and is the owner
of several ranches in the state, also raising grapes and berries. He owns several busi-
ness blocks in Salem and is president of the Marion Hotel Company, which operates
one of the best hotels in the state. The city finds in him an enthusiastic advocate, his
Interest being manifest in tangible cooperation with movements for its development
and progress, many of its most modern improvements being directly attributable to
his efforts. In 1897 he went to Dawson, Alaska, and for one year engaged in mining
in that vicinity.

Mr. Linn's labors have ever been of a character that have contributed to public
progress and prosperity as well as to Individual success. He was a prominent factor
In the creation of the state highway commission and has always taken an active part
in the formation of every subsequent commission, showing extraordinary ability in
suggesting the right men to fill these positions. He is an indefatigable worker for
the highway and believes it to be one of the greatest factors in promoting the future
progress of the state, and that it will mean as much to the future history of Oregon
as her industries. It was largely through his efforts that the bond issue was put
through, and he has implicit faith in the future of this section of the country, being
a man of wide vision who is thoroughly alive to the wonderful possibilities of the
Pacific northwest. Mr. Linn is a close personal friend of Irvin S. Cobb, America's most
noted jouralist and humorist, upon whom has descended the mantle of Mark Twain,
and it was owing to Mr. Linn's influence that Mr. Cobb was induced to make the trip
through Oregon which resulted in his writing an article entitled "A Quest in Youbet-

292 HISTORY OF OREGON

cherland," a description of Crater lake, which appeared in the Saturday Evening Post
of January 1, 1921. This article has been widely read throughout the country and has
created much interest, which will undoubtedly result in securing for Oregon large
numbers of enthusiastic tourists.

Ih 1917 Mr. Linn was united in marriage to Miss Farris Stecker, a native of
California. Mrs. Linn is a woman of unusually bright mind and cooperates with her
husband in all of his business affairs, theirs being a most congenial and happy union.
By a former marriage Mr. Linn has a daughter, Paula, who married Charles Dundore.

Mr. Linn gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is one of the
most active and influential men in the ranks of that party in Oregon, having an intimate
knowledge of political affairs in the state and a comprehensive understanding of ques-
tions affecting both state and national welfare. He wields a potent influence in political
circles of Oregon and was largely instrumental in securing the election of Governor
Oswald West. Industry has been the keynote which has unlocked tor Mr. Linn the
-portals of success. Thoroughness and diligence have characterized all of his work and
in business circles he has long occupied a prominent place. Throughout the period
of his residence in Oregon he has taken a most active and helpful part in the work of
progress and improvement, his industry and enterprise having been effective forces in
promoting the development and upbuilding of the state along many lines. He has a
wide circle of friends in Oregon and all who know him esteem him for his sterling
worth, tor they have found him trustworthy in every relation of life.

EDWARD J. SHARKEY.

The name of Sharkey has long been a prominent and honored one in industrial
circles of Portland and as head of the firm of P. Sharkey & Son, Edward J. Sharkey is
ably carrying forward the business established by his father. He is engaged in the
manufacture of horse collars of superior quality and is now conducting a most extensive
business, finding a ready sale for his product in many foreign lands as well as the
Dnitffl Stales. Mr. E. J. Sharkey was born September 1, 1S60, a son of Patrick Sharkey.
The father was born in County Monaghan, Ireland, on the 17th of March, 1835, his
parents being John and Katherine (Carroll) Sharkey. John Sharkey was a farmer
by occupation and was connected with agricultural pursuits on the Emerald isle until
about 1843, when he brought his family to America. He took up a donation land claim
in Canada and began the development of a farm.

Patrick Sharkey was the third in a family of seven children and pursued his edu-
cation in the schools of Ireland and also of Prince Edward island. He learned the
trade of a harness and collar maker at Georgetown, which is situated on Prince
Edward island, and when twenty-three years of age went to St. Johns, New Brunswick,
where he worked at his trade for two years. He then removed to Grand Falls, where
for four years he conducted a general store, after which he sold out and went to Boston
and there enlisted in government service as a harness-maker and was sent to Chatta-
nooga, Tennessee. After the war he returned to Baltimore, Maryland, there following
his trade for eight months. His next removal took him to Wheeling, West Viriginia,
where tor twenty years he continued to make his home, devoting his attention to the
harness business. Being a great reader he learned much about the Pacific coast and
making a trip here in 1883 he was so well pleased with the country that he returned
to the east, disposed of his business there and again came to the northwest. Settling
at Portland he established a harness and collar factory on a small scale on Union
avenue, between Washington and Alder streets. This was the first collar factory in
Portland. As opportunity offered he increased the business and later removed to
Union avenue and Taylor street, where he continued to conduct the enterprise until his
demise, which occurred on the 20th of August, 1902. Some time prior to his death he
admitted his son, Edward J. Sharkey, to a partnership in the business. Patrick Sharkey
always gave his political allegiance to the republican party and in religious faith he
was a Catholic.

On the 4th of November, 1859, Patrick Sharkey was married to Miss Elizabeth
McClement, a daughter of Patrick and Elizabeth (Miller) McClement. Mrs. Sharkey
was born on the same day as her husband, the place of her birth, however, being in
County Derry, Ireland. She came to the British province in America when four years
of age, her parents locating on a farm near St. Johns, where their remaining days

HISTORY OF OREGON 293

were passed, and in that locality she resided until her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Sharkey
became the parents of nine children: Edward J., the firstborn, is the subject of this
review; Josephine is the wife of Charles Sweeney, a locomotive engineer residing In
Portland and they have three children, Irene, Grace and Edmund; Katherine is the
wife of Frank Southard of Portland and they have five children, Harry, Helen,
Catherine, Mildred and Elizabeth; Louise married John Casey of Portland, by whom
she has four children, Margaret, Allen, Edward and Charles; John P., who is engaged
in the real estate business in Portland, married Jennie Graham and they have four
children, Graham, Clement, Ellis and Herman; Helen became the wife of Rudolph
Zeller of Portland and they have become the parents of three children, Phillip, Rudolph
and Marie; William T., who is connected with the collar factory, married Cecelia Cahill,
by whom he has two children, Gertrude and Helen. Mr. Patrick Sharkey was one of
the substantial business men of Portland and during the period of his residence in
this city developed an enterprise of considerable proportions.

Edward J. Sharkey, the eldest in his father's family, obtained his education in the
common schools of Wheeling, West Virginia, and after laying aside his textbooks
assisted his father in the conduct of the business, first in Wheeling and later in Portland,
becoming thoroughly familiar with every phase of its development. In 1903 the factory
on Taylor street, Portland, was destroyed by fire and the plant was then removed
to Union avenue at the corner of Oak street, where the business is still located.
The work instituted by the father is now being carried forward by the son who has
greatly enlarged the scope of the business, which now gives employment to thirty-five
persons. The firm of P. Sharkey & Son is the only institution in the west which
manufactures horse collars exclusively. The superiority of their product has secured
for it a large sale and the trade has extended east of the Mississippi river, while
they also do a large exporting business, shipping to Australia, the islands in the
Pacific ocean, the South American countries and to the Orient. Mr. Sharkey gives
careful oversight to every phase of the business and is constantly seeking to increase
the efficiency of his plant, to improve in any way possible the quality of the product
and to extend the trade of the company to new territory.

In 1S86 Mr. E. J. Sharkey was united in marriage to Miss Frances Virginia Davis, a
representative of an old family of Virginia of Welsh descent and they have become the
parents of four children: George E. and Mary E. are twins. The former is now assistant
manager of his father's business and is also acting as oflJce manager, while the latter
is the wife of Dr. P. T. Meaney, of Portland; Ralph L., the next of the family, is a
prominent physician of Portland. Enlisting for service In the World war he was
commissioned lieutenant and was aboard the U. S. S. Antilles when that vessel was
sunk by a German submarine, floating for four hours upon a raft before rescued;
William P., the youngest of the children, is now a medical student at the University of
Oregon.

MALL & VON BORSTEL.

Among the leading real estate firms of Portland is numbered that of Mall & Von
Borstel, whose activities have constituted potent factors in the development and
improvement of the city. W. H. Mall, the senior member of the firm, was born in
Memphis, Tennessee, in 1864, a son of W. H. and Elizabeth (Curban) Mall, natives of
Germany, who emigrated to the United States. The father engaged in business as a
carriage manufacturer and his death occurred in Denver, Colorado, in 1871. Soon
afterward the mother removed with her family of four children to Portland, where she
subsequently married Herman C. Von Borstel, father of the junior member of the
present firm of Mall & Von Borstel. In 1872 and 1873, when a small boy, W. H. Mall
sold flowers in the theaters of Denver and in 1874 removed with the family to southern
California, where he also engaged in selling flowers and notions, thus contributing to
the support of the family. Returning to Portland in 1879, he engaged in selling cigars,
fruit, etc., on the Stark street ferryboiits which were used to transport passengers
across the Willamette river before the construction of a bridge. Subsequently he estab-
lished a fruit store in East Portland and this he later sold, in 1889 opening a real
estate business which he has since conducted, handling chiefly industrial properties.
He is a member of the realty board, the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club and Auld
Lang Syne Society.

294 HISTORY OF OREGON

Herman Von Borstel, the junior partner, is a native of tliis city, born in 1880. His
fatlier, who was a native of Germany, emigrated to the United States and in the early
'70s became a resident of Portland, where he engaged in the real estate business, in
which he won a substantial measure of prosperity. After his graduation from high
school the son pursued a course in a business college and on entering the industrial
world engaged in the real estate business, in which he has since successfully continued.
He formed a partnership with W. H. Mall under the firm style of Mall & Von Borstel
and they are numbered among the leading real estate firms of the city. They have
negotiated many important realty transfers and are thoroughly conversant concerning
property values in this city.

Mr. Von Borstel served as president of the Portland realty board in 1919 and was
a member of the consolidation committee appointed by the governor of Oregon. He
is very active in the club life of the city and in Masonry has attained the thirty-second
degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory. He is also a prominent member of the Shrine
and during the recent convention of that branch of the order held in Portland was
chairman of the entertainment committee. The members of the firm are numbered
among the city's most prominent and progressive business men and through their
activities are doing much to promote the improvement and upbuilding of Portland,
where they are widely and favorably known.

0. W. HOSFORD.

O. W. Hosford, who is at the head of the Hosford Transportation Company of
Portland, was born in Vancouver, Clarke county, Washigton, February 27, 1859. His
father, Chauncey Osborne Hosford was born amid the Catskill mountains in the state
of New York in 1821 and made an overland trip by ox team to Forest Grove, Oregon,
in 1845. Through the winter following his arrival he taught school in Salem, Oregon,
and in 1847 he went to California, in which state he was united in marriage to Miss
Asenath Glover. While a resident of California he joined the ministry and returned
to the Clatsop plains in Oregon, where he engaged in preaching and became a circuit
rider. When he first arrived in Portland in 1S47, there were only thirteen houses in
the village, all of which were built of logs. The present site of the city was then
comprised within three homestead claims. After residing for some time in Portland,
Rev. Hosford went to Vancouver, Washington, and there in 1S59 built the first Metho-
dist church, of which he became the pastor. He later returned to Oregon and while
devoting his life to the ministry he also entered upon mercantile pursuits and was
thus connected with commercial interests for six years. At one time he owned all of
the land which now comprises the reservoirs at Mount Tabor, Portland, and he passed
away on Mount Tabor in 1913. His wife's death also occurred there when she was
sixty-nine years of age. An uncle of 0. W. Hosford of this review was Frank Glover,
who crossed the plains to California in the same train as that of the famous Downer
party, most of whom perished at Downer Lake, in the heart of the Sierras, in the deep
snow. It is said that this ill fated party drew lots to see who should be sacrificed to
provide food for those who remained, and Mr. Glover was among those sent back with
the rescue party who succored the survivors.

0. W. Hosford pursued his education in the public schools of Mount Tabor and at
the age of twenty-eight years took up steamboating on the Willamette and Columbia
rivers and became half owner of the steamboat Lucy Mason, which plied between Port-
land and Woodland in Cowlitz county, on the Lewis river. It was in the fall of 1887
that he began steamboating, his company being known as the Lewis River Transporta-
tion Company. With this enterprise he was connected until 1892, when he sold out
and purchased the business of the Washougal and La Camas Transportation Company,
owners of the steamer lone. He then operated this steamer for sixteen years, in which
time he received a master's license in 1S92. In 1906 he disposed of his interests in
the navigation line and established the Hosford Transportation Company and entered
the towing business in connection with his sons, 0. J., who is the secretary and treas-
urer of the company, and L. C, who is assistant manager, while Mr. Hosford is the
president. The company engages in towing logs for the various sawmills along the
Willamette and in this connection has developed a business of substantial proportions.

In 1883 Mr. Hosford was united in marriage to Miss Bertha M. Baker, a native of
Chicago, Illinois, whose parents came to Portland in the late '70s. Their son, L. C.

O. W. HOSFORD

HISTORY OF OKEGON 297

Hosford, wedded Marion Kelly, of Illinois, while the elder son, 0. J. Hosford, wedded
Frances Kleggitt a daughter of an early pioneer.

Mr. Hosford has long been greatly interested in politics and gives his support to
the republican party. He was elected to the state legislature for the term of 1919 and
1920 and in the fall of the latter year was reelected. Fraternally he is connected with
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is one of the oldest representatives of
the order in Portland. He has also taken high degrees in Masonry and is a member
of the Mystic Shrine. His entire life has been passed in the northwest and since
attaining adult age he has taken advantage of the business opportunities here offered
and has not only built up a large business in connection with the transportation
company but has also become the owner of valuable city and farm lands. For more
than sixty years he has been a witness of the growth and progress of the northwest
as the country has emerged from pioneer conditions and taken on all of the advan-
tages of the older east. He rejoices in what has been accomplished and well may he
be proud of Oregon's record for its broad and fertile valleys have been carefully culti-
vated, its splendid timbered regions have yielded many a fortune and all of its natural
resources have been developed, leading to steady industrial and commercial progress,
resulting in the building of a great empire west of the Rockies. Mr. Hosford has always
been thoroughly imbued with the spirit of determination and of enterprise that charac-
terizes the Pacific coast country and thus he has advanced step by step to the goal of
success in all of his business endeavors.

JAMES S. COOPER.

James S. Cooper, who is now living retired at Independence, devoting his attention
to the supervision of his extensive property interests, was for a considerable period
prominently identified with financial affairs in Polk county, acquiring thereby a sub-
stantial competence which now enables him to rest from further labor. He is a man of
high personal standing, of marked business integrity and ability, and is regarded
as one of the most substantial and valued citizens of his community.

Mr. Cooper was born in Lawrence county, Missouri, January 9, 1841, and is a son
of E. E. and Nancy (Wann) Cooper, natives of Kentucky. The father was a Baptist
minister and a son of Henry Cooper, who also engaged in preaching the gospel. The
family has ever been noted for its loyalty and patriotism and Frederick Cooper, the
great-grandfather of James S. Cooper of this review, enlisted in 1777, when but seventeen
years of age, as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, defending American interests at
York Pennsylvania, under command of Captain Lart. His grandson, E. E. Cooper,
removed to Missouri in 1839, taking up a homestead on Rock Prairie, near the present
site of Halltown, in Lawrence county. This he cleared and developed, also continuing
his ministerial labors, and remained a resident of the state until 1863, when with ox
team and wagon he crossed the plains to Oregon, settling on a farm in Spring valley,
Polk county. There he again engaged in farming and in preaching the gospel until
1876, when he removed to Salem, where he resided for two years and then took up
his abode upon a farm in West Salem. He there passed away on the 12th of August,
1880, and the mother's demise occurred at Independence, May 30, 1891. They reared a
family of twelve children, nine of whom were born in Missouri.

Their son, James S. Cooper, was reared and educated in Missouri, pursuing his
studies in one of the pioneer log schoolhouses. In 1860, when a young man of
nineteen years, he crossed the plains to California, where he engaged in the teaming
business, residing in that state for a period of four years, during which time he made
thirteen trips across the Sierras to Virginia City, Nevada. In February, 1864, he
started for Oregon by the overland route, reaching Spring valley, Polk county, on the
19th of March. There for a short time he conducted a small dairy and then made his
way to Marion county, where in six months he made five hundred dollars by cutting
wood and was thus enabled to pursue a course of study in McMinnville College. He
subsequently purchased land in Polk county and for two years was active in its opera-
tion. He then sold the property and went to eastern Oregon, where he remained for
two years, or until 1873, when he returned to Polk county and bought a farm west of
Salem, which he continued to operate for two years and then sold. In 1875 he established
a livery and stage business in Monmouth, of which he remained the proprietor until
1878, when he removed to Independence and here engaged in a similar enterprise for

298 HISTORY OF OREGOX

two years. The next five years were devoted to the conduct of a brokerage business
and in 1885 he opened a private bank, which he operated until 1889, when he became
the organizer of the First National Bank of Independence, of which he was made
president. In 1900 Mr. Cooper sold his interest in the bank and has since devoted
his attention to the supervision of his extensive property interests, having made
judicious investments in city and farm realty. He is the owner of several business
blocks in the city which were erected by him and he also has extensive timber inter-
ests in the state. He likewise owns two valuable farms, one of two hundred and thirty-
eight acres and the other comprising seven hundred and twelve acres, and for the past
thirty years he has engaged in hop raising on an extensive scale. His initiative spirit
and notable ability have carried him into important relations and through his activi-
ties he has contributed in substantial measure to the development and upbuilding of his
section of the state.

Mr. Cooper has been married twice. On the 7th of January, 1869, he wedded Miss
Frances 0. Graves and they became the parents of tour children: Estelle M. became
the wife of C. E. Ireland on the 5th of October, 1898, and they reside in Portland; Dora
Edith married Major G. M. Parker, Jr., of the Thirty-third United States Infantry, and
they are now residing in Panama; Ella Pearl was married on the 6th of June, 1904, to
W. D. Moreland, a veteran of the World war. He went overseas as a captain and for
gallant and meritorious service on the field of battle was promoted to the rank of
major; Clarence T. was born June 30, 1879, and passed away in October of the' same
year. The wife and mother died in August, 1879, and in March, 1883, Mr. Cooper was
united in marriage to Mrs. Jennie McNeal Logan, by whom he has four children: Mabel
is the wife of George M. Williams and they reside in Centralia, Washington; Frances,
married John R. Krause and they make their home at Aurora, Oregon; James Shelby,
Jr., born March 3, 1888, is an accountant with the Oregon Steel & Iron Company in
Portland. He is also a veteran of the World war, enlisting on the 12th of May, 1917. He
went overseas on the 1st of March, 1918, as second lieutenant in the Motor Transport
Corps and returned with the rank of captain, his distinguished service winning for
him merited promotion. He received his discharge on the 24th of October, 1919. Gen-
evieve is at home with her parents.

In his political views Mr. Cooper has always been a stalwart republican, casting his
first presidential ballot for Abraham Lincoln in 1864. He is a leader in the ranks of his
party and was a delegate to the national republican convention at Chicago in 1888,
which nominated William H. Harrison for president. He is much interested in the
welfare and progress of his community and was elected in 1904 joint representative
for Lincoln and Polk counties, serving in the 1905 session of the Oregon legislature.
For two terms he served as mayor of his city, giving to the municipality a most progres-
sive and businesslike administration. He has also been a member of the city council,
serving as president of that body at the time the town was incorporated. Fraternally
he is identified with the Masons, belonging to the chapter and council, and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church, while his wife is
atfiliated with the Methodist church. In business affairs he has ever been found
thoroughly reliable as well as progressive, winning a good name as well as a substantial
competence. He takes a deep interest in everything relative to the welfare of the
district in which he lives and has been most earnest in his support of those projects
which are a matter of civic virtue and civic pride. His life has ever been an upright
and honorable one and his sterling worth is attested by all who know him.

HOWARD M. COVEY.

In 1905 Howard M. Covey established a small automobile business In Portland
and his energy, progressiveness and business ability are indicated in the fact that
he is today proprietor of one of the largest enterprises of the kind in the Pacific
northwest. A native of Texas, Mr. Covey was born in Jefferson on the 19th of Novem-
ber, 1875, a son of M. W. and Susan A. (Grant) Covey. The father was a soldier in the
Confederate army during the Civil war, previous to which he had been a large slave-
holder and the owner of an extensive plantation in the south.

It was on this place that his son, Howard M. Covey, was reared and in the
public and high schools of Texas he pursued his education. On starting out in life
independently he engaged in the bicycle business in Texas, there remaining until 1903,

HISTORY OF OREGON 299

when he sought the broader opportunities offered in the west to an ambitious and
energetic young man. Coming to Oregon he decided on Portland as a place of
residence and in 1905 purchased the business of the Lee Automobile Company, estab-
lishing a small enterprise of that character. His initiative spirit, progressive methods
and reliable dealings soon won for him a good patronage and his business has grown
steadily from year to year until he is now conducting one of the largest automobile
enterprises in the Pacific northwest. In 1911 he erected his present building — a fire-
proof structure, thoroughly modern in its appointments, affording a floor space of
seventy-seven hundred feet. He has the state agency for the Cadillac car and is the
agent for Multnomah county of the Dodge Brothers car, giving employment to approxi-
mately one hundred people. His business is arranged in separate divisions, including
the sales, garage, parts, electrical and used car departments and the repair and paint
shops, each of which must be self-supporting and is placed in charge of a competent
man, who makes a daily report of the business transacted in his branch of work. The
business is thus thoroughly systematized and conducted along the most efficient lines,
resulting in substantial and gratifying returns.

Mr. Covey resides with his mother in the American apartments and his sister
Edna makes her home in Dallas, Texas. His interest in the development and up-
building of his city is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of Commerce and
he is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Press, Golf,
Multnomah, Anglers and Rifle Clubs, turning for recreation to hunting, fishing and
motoring. He is one of Portland's most enterprising, progressive and aggressive busi-
ness men, who in attaining individual success has also contributed in substantial
measure to public progress and prosperity and his worth to the community is widely
acknowledged.

A. R. JOHNSON.

Among those who have been active in directing real estate operations in Portland
is A. R. Johnson, member of the Johnson-Dodson Company. He was born in Denmark,
September 12, 1879, and was a lad of five years when he came to Oregon in 1884, with
his parents. Christian and Catherine Johnson. His father engaged in the canning
business in Astoria until his death, which occurred in 1885. He had conducted the
business under the name of the Scandinavian Cannery and subsequent to his demise
this was merged into the Columbia River Packers' Association. The mother survived
her husband tor many years, passing away in Portland in 1914.

A. R. Johnson attended the public schools of Astoria and when nineteen years of
age entered the general merchandise business in connection with his brother, Fred J.,
opening a store at Astoria. They sold out there about eleven years later and turned
their attention to real estate, with oflSces in the Board of Trade building in Portland,
and five years later Mr. Johnson removed his oflSce to the Northwest Bank building.
He is now conducting his operations as a member of the firm known as Johnson-
Dodson Company. They handle inside improved property and residences and l;ave just
closed a deal for seventy-two hundred and fifteen acres on the Columbia river, between
Portland and Astoria, which they will subdivide into forty-acre tracts. This land will
produce fine berries and fruits and is also good for diversified farming. This is a
gigantic undertaking which they have assumed and it is hard to realize at this time
the great benefits which the improvement of these small tracts will mean to the
state. The district will support at least two hundred families. Already they have
families settled on the property from both the middle west and the east and many
others are prospective buyers. The land is being sold at thirty dollars per acre, with
one-fourth down and the balance in terms to suit the purchaser, and it is generally
known that the land will yield about one thousand dollars per acre annually when
planted to berries. Mr. Johnson has contributed through his real estate operations
in large measures to the development, settlement and progress of Portland and the
surrounding country and is a most energetic and progressive business man. He attacks
everything with a contagious enthusiasm that cannot fail to produce results.

In 1905 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Minnie Lenart of Astoria. He is a member
of the Commercial Club, of the Realty Board and of the Knights of Pythias. He has
lived in the northwest practically throughout his entire lite and Is widely known in
Portland and around the Columbia river district. He is actuated by a most progres-

300 HISTORY OF OREGON

sive spirit in all that he does and has handled large realty interests in Portland. His
careful management, his thorough reliability and his undaunted energy bring to him
the most gratifying measure of success.

C. H. RAFFETY, M. D.

For a half century Dr. C. H. Raffety was a well known Portland physician and
while his professional services were of great value to many in this section of the
state, he also found time to devote to civic affairs and was constantly laboring for
the promotion of interests which had for their object the upbuilding and benefit of
the community.

Dr. Raffety was a native of Macoupin, Illinois, born September 2, 1839, and was
a lad of thirteen years when in 1S52 he journeyed westward with his father, S. D.
Raffety, who settled in Washington county, Oregon. In acquiring his education Dr.
Raffety attended the Pacific University at Forest Grove and afterward became a student
in the Willamette University at Salem. His brother. Dr. David Raffety, also of Port-
land, was licensed to practice medicine soon after C. H. Raffety had completed his
medical course and they entered into partnership relations, winning a prominent
place among the successful physicians and surgeons of the northwest. Dr. Raffety
not only engaged in the medical practice but also established a drug store soon after
opening his office in Portland in 1869. He always held to high professional standards
and ever kept in touch with the trend of modern professional progress, constantly
broadening his knowledge by reading and research.

In 1873 Dr. Raffety was married to Miss Almeda Smith, a daughter of Captain
John Smith, at one time government agent in the Warm Springs Indian reservation.
Dr. Raffety was a member of the Masonic fraternity and when he passed away his
brethren of the order had charge of the burial. He had always been deeply interested
in civic affairs and the progress and upbuilding of his city and state and several times
he was called to public office. During his term as mayor of East Portland he was
appointed a member of the city water commission, in which office he served for eighteen
years and was largely instrumental in having the water from Bull Run piped into
the city. This alone would entitle him to the gratitude of all present and future
residents of Portland, for no city is supplied with better water than that which comes
from snowcapped Mt. Hood. His life was one of usefulness to his fellowmen. A
modern philosopher has said, "Not the good that comes to us", but the good that comes
to the world through us, is the measure of our success," and judging by this standard
Dr. Raffety was a most successful man.

DAN JOHNSTON.

Dan -Johnston, a prominent attorney practicing at Albany, was born near Virden,
Macoupin county, Illinois, September 23, 1882, a son of Isaac N. and Emily F. (Chapman)
Johnston, natives of Macoupin county, Illinois. The maternal grandfather of Mr.
Johnston of this review was one of the earliest settlers in Macoupin county, going to
that section of Illinois from Tennessee in 1830. He was a farmer by occupation and
followed that pursuit in Macoupin county during the remainder of his life. He was
familiar with Indian warfare, having served as a soldier in the Black Hawk war. and
he was one of the worthy pioneers of his section of the state. Isaac N. Johnston, the
father of Mr. Johnston, also followed farming in Macoupin county, Illinois, and remained
a resident of that section of the state until death called him on the 14th of January,
1896, when he was fifty-two years of age. He was an honored veteran of the Civil
war, in which he served tor three years as a member of Company E, One Hundred and
Twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry. The mother has also passed away, her
demise occurring in June, 1912, when she had reached the age of sixty-two.

Dan Johnston was reared and educated in the district schools of Macoupin county,
Illinois, and then entered Valparaiso University of Valparaiso, Indiana, as a law
student, receiving his LL. B. degree from that institution upon his graduation with the
class of 1910. In June of that year he was admitted to the bar of Indiana and in the
following month came to Oregon, where he was admitted to the bar. Opening an

DR. C. H. RAFFETY

HISTORY OF OREGON 303

oflSce in Albany, he has here continued in practice and in the interval that has elapsed
has built up a good clientele. In 1915 he was called to the office of city attorney of
Albany and so acceptable were his services in that connection that in January, 1919,
he was honored with reelection and also acted as city attorney of Harrisburg, Oregon,
for several years. His knowledge of the law is comprehensive and exact and he pre-
pares his cases with great thoroughness and care, readily recognizing the value of any
point as applicable to his cause. Mr. Johnston has not confined his attention to his
professional interests but has also been active in commercial lines, being secretary of
the D. E. Nebergall Meat Company, which operates a packing plant and retail market.
He is also secretary of the Far West Manufacturing Company, engaged in the manufac-
ture of ladders, cedar chests, wheelbarrows and wood specialties.

On the 27th of May, 1910, Mr. Johnston was united in marriage to Miss Ada D.
Douglas, a daughter of E. D. and Rose (Haymon) Douglas, natives of West Virginia.
Mr. and Mrs. Johnston are the parents of two children: Prances Rose, who was born
in December, 1914; and Robert D., born in January, 1916.

Mr. Johnston gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church. He is a Knights Templar
Mason and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias lodge and the B. P. 0. E., while
along the line of his profession his identification is with the Linn County Bar Associa-
tion. Mr. Johnston is patriotic, loyal and public-spirited and on March 5, 1904, enlisted
in the United States navy, from which he was discharged March 4, 1908, as chief
yeoman. During the war with Germany he rendered important and valuable service to
the government in promoting the Liberty Loan campaigns and other war measures,
devoting a large part of his time to that work, all personal interests and considerations
being laid aside. He is a representative of America's best type of manhood and his
colleagues and contemporaries speak of him as an able lawyer and one whose ability
has brought him prominently to the front.

RALPH E. WILLIAMS.

For the past decade Ralph E. Williams has been a resident of Portland and his
entire life has been passed in Oregon, where he has gained for himself a prominent
position as a representative of the banking fraternity. He is also interested in agricul-
ture, horticulture and in timber, nor is he unknown as an influential factor in political
circles. He was born in Polk county, Oregon, September 14, 1869, his parents being
J. J. and Alice (Eckersley) Williams. The father was born in Tennessee in 1832,
and removed from that state to Missouri but became an Oregon pioneer of 1845, at
which time he took up his abode in Polk county, where he homesteaded. Throughout
the Intervening period to his death he was identified with agricultural interests, passing
away in 1915. His wife was a native of England and in the early '50s with her brother,
Otho Eckersley, came to Oregon, the Eckersleys also becoming identified with the
pioneers of the state. Mrs. Williams passed away in 1874.

At the usual age Ralph E. Williams became a pupil in the public schools of his
native county and afterwards attended high school and La Creole Academy at Dallas,
Oregon. He initiated his business career as a bank clerk in the Dallas City Bank in
1889 and since that time has made continuo.us progress in financial circles. In 1901
he was elected to the cashiership o£ the Dallas City Bank and was elevated to the
presidency in 1905, since which time he has remained at the head of the institution.
This does not comprise the scope of his business, however, for in 1905 he organized and
was elected president of the Dallas National Bank and in 1906 organized the Bank
of Falls City, of which he became president. In 1911 he removed to Portland and
further extending his business connections he is now president of the Tillamook
County Bank. He is active in the management of all the various banking institutions
with which he is associated and is regarded as a most forceful and resourceful business
man, ready for any emergency and for any opportunity. He has operated extensively
in hops, timber, wheat and realty. His landed possessions include several farms in
Polk county and a large wheat ranch in eastern Oregon.

In the year of his removal to Portland Mr. Williams was married in this city on
the 3rd of December, 1911, to Miss Grace Moyes, a daughter of D. C. Moyes of Portland,
and they have become the parents of one son and one daughter, Ralph Williams, Jr.,
seven years of age; and Harriet, aged four. Mr. Williams is well known in club circles.

304 HISTORY OF OREGON

belonging to the Arlington and Waverly Country Clubs, the Press Club, the Multnomah
Amateur Athletic Club, also to the Chamber of Commerce of Portland and to La Creole
Club of Dallas. Fraternally he is a Mason and has attained the thirty-second degree of
the Scottish Rite, while with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine he has crossed the sands
of the desert. He likewise belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and holds-
a life membership in Salem Lodge. He has long been reckoned with as a factor in
political circles of the state, was elected in 1914 tor a tour years term as republican
national committeeman from Oregon and in 1918 was re-elected to serve until 1922.
He thus took active interest in shaping the recent campaign, which gave to the party
an overwhelming victory, exceeding all others in the history of the nation. As a member
of the republican national committee he was made a representative of the sub-committee
to handle the national convention in Chicago and in seniority as to service is ranked
by only one member. This position he has filled since 1908 and his present te'rm expires
in 1922. Through the same period he is serving as Pacific coast member of the
executive committee of the republican national committee. During the 1916 campaign
he was instrumental in bringing about harmonious action between progressive repub-
licans and the republican organizations. The consensus of public opinion places him
among the eminent men of the state.

HAROLD A. SWAFFORD.

Harold A. Swafford is well known in mercantile circles of Linn county as mill
manager of the Crown Willamette Paper Company at Lebanon. Mr. Swafford is on©
of the sons of the state, his birth having occurred in Oregon City, February 10, 1890.
His parents were James L. and Temperance (Rands) Swafford, the former born in
Oregon and the latter in Stacyville, Iowa. For many years the father engaged in the
real estate business in Oregon City, in which he won a substantial measure of success.
He was a man of prominence in his section of the state and for several terms served
as county treasurer of Clackamas county, ably discharging the duties of that office. He
remained a resident of Oregon City until his death in August, 1914, when he was sixty
years of age. The mother survives and still makes her home in Oregon City. The pater-
nal grandfather of Harold A. Swafford was one of the early pioneers of this state. He
crossed the plains with ox teams to Oregon In 1852 and took up land in Clackamas
county which he improved and developed, continuing Its cultivation until his demise
In 1908.

Harold A. Swafford was reared and educated in his native city and on starting out
in the business world became connected with the Crown Willamette Paper Company,
which was at that time known as the Willamette Pulp & Paper Company. His energy,
ability and faithful and conscientious service won him promotion from time to time and
in June, 1919, he was made manager of their Lebanon plant, in which capacity he is
now most ably serving. The company also operates plants at Camas, Washington, at
Oregon City and Lebanon, Oregon, and at Floristan, California, its headquarters being
maintained at San Francisco, while a printing plant is operated at Los Angeles. They
are engaged in the manufacture of paper from timber and their business is a very
extensive one. As manager of the Lebanon plant Mr. Swafford's position is one of large
importance and responsibility, for which he is well qualified. During the fourteen years
of his connection with the company he has become thoroughly familiar with every
branch of the business and is thus able to direct wisely the labors of those under him.
He Is a man of sound judgment, | keen discrimination and energy and is most capably
directing the interests intrusted to his care, his labors being entirely satisfactory to the
company.

On the 20th of July, 1917, Mr. Swafford was united in marriage to Miss Ivy Ford,
a daughter of Rev. T. B. and Mary Ivy Ford, natives of Arkansas. Her father entered
the ministry of the Methodist church at the age of nineteen. He became very promi-
nent in church circles of Oregon, continuing as a preacher of the gospel in this state
for about twenty years, his labors proving a potent force for good in the localities which
he served. He passed away on the 14th of December, 1919, while the mother's death
occurred in August, 1915. Mr. and Mrs. Swafford have become the parents of a son,
Thomas James, who was born March 10, 1920.

Mr. Swafford gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. Fraternally

HISTORY OF OREGON 305

he is identified with the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order
of Elks. He also belongs to the Order of the Eastern Star and is a prominent Mason,
being a past master of Multnomah Lodge, No. 1, at Oregon City. Mr. Swafford is a
veteran of the World war, having enlisted on the 23d of May, 1917, with the Eighteenth
Oregon Engineers, a specially recruited outfit, and was among the first twenty thousand
to reach the other side. He was stationed in England and France and was discharged
at Camp Dix, New Jersey, March 20, 1919, with the rank of second lieutenant, having
rendered most valuable service to the country in its hour of need. Mr. Swafford has
ever been actuated by high and honorable purposes in all relations of life and his is a
most creditable record, characterized by devotion to duty, by integrity and enterprise
in business, and by loyalty in citizenship.

DONALD YOUNG.

Donald Young, former assistant district attorney of Eugene, was born at Mankato,
Minnesota, July 4, 1889, of the marriage of William E. and Nettie S. (Shingler)
Young, natives of Wisconsin. The father pursued a law course in the State University
of Iowa at Iowa City and subsequently opened an office for the practice of his profession
at Mankato, Minnesota, where he won a prominent position at the bar, being recognized
as a strong and able advocate. In 1905 he was elected to the office of railroad com-
missioner, in which capacity he served until 1909. That year witnessed his arrival
in Eugene, where he has since resided, now living retired. The mother also survives,

Donald Young was reared and educated in Mankato, Minnesota, graduating from
the high school with the class of 1907. Deciding to follow in the professional foot-
steps of his father he entered the law school of the Minnesota State University at
Minneapolis and was graduated therefrom in 1912. Immediately thereafter he came to
Oregon, opening an office in Eugene, where he has since practiced. In 1915 he formed
a partnership with Leonard L. Ray, a relationship that has been continued. The
firm has been connected with a number of important law cases and its list of clients is an
extensive and representative one. Like his father, Mr. Young is well versed in the
law and readily quotes precedents, and his standing before the court is an enviable one.
Of a logical mind, he readily combats opposing counsel in legal battle and quickly
penetrates the weak points of the other side. He maintains the highest standards of
professional ethics and enjoys the full confidence and trust of the public. From 1917
to 1921 Mr. Young served as assistant district attorney, his partner, Mr. Ray, filling the
office of district attorney. Mr. Young has not confined his attention solely to the work
of his profession but is also interested in financial affairs, being vice president of the
Farmers Security Bank at Yoncalla, Oregon.

On the 1st of August, 1914, occurred the marriage of Donald Young and Miss
Mildred Coffin and they have become the parents of one child, Jean, who was born
April 19, 1918. Mr. Young's political endorsement is given to the democratic party
and he is an earnest supported of its principles, for he believes that its platform con-
tains the best elements of good government. Although one of the younger members ot
the profession, he has already won a place among the leading attorneys of his section
of the state, and Judging from his past accomplishments his future career will be
well worth watching.

HON. HENRY WINSLOW CORBETT.

It seems almost impossible to write an adequate memorial to Henry Winslow Cor-
bett of Portland. His entire life was actuated by a sense of duty that found expression
in marked devotion to his city, his state and his country, also to the highest ideals ol
business and by a comprehensive recognition of his responsibilities toward his fellow-
men. He never deviated from a standard which he considered right between himsell
and his fellows and there has been no citizen of Oregon more truly honored during his
lifetime, nor whose name has been more greatly cherished and revered since death,
His life record is inseparably interwoven into the history ot Oregon, just as was that
ot his ancestors into the history of England, for he was descended from a very ancient
and honorable family that furnished many men of distinction to politics, to the church

Vol. 11— 2 0

306 HISTORY OF OREGON

and to the learned professions. He came of Norman ancestry, the line being traced
back to Roger Corbett, who was a military leader under William I, or William the
Conqueror, and in the conquest of England gained distinction and lands for the part
he bore in subjugating the "Merrie Isle." William Corbett, the eldest son of Roger
Corbett, was seated at Wattesborough, while his second son, Sir Robert Corbett, had
for his inheritance the castle and estate of Caus with a large part of his father's domain.
A son of the latter, also named Robert, accompanied King Richard I to the siege of
Acre, bearing on his coat of arms two ravens, which have since been the crest of his
descendants. It was in the seventeenth century that a branch of the Corbett family
was established at Mendon. Massachusetts, and to this line Henry W. Corbett belonged.
His father, Elijah Corbett, a son of Elijah Corbett, Sr., was a native of Massachusetts
and a mechanic who engaged in the manufacture of edged tools in that state and after-
ward removed to White Creek, Washington county. New York, where his remaining
days were passed. Elijah C. married Melinda Porbush, who was likewise born in the
old Bay state and belonged to one of its pioneer families, whose history is traced back
to England. The death of Mrs. Corbett occurred in New York. There were eight chil-
dren in the family of Elijah C, of whom three sons and two daughters reached adult
age, including another Elijah Corbett, who arrived in Portland in 1864 and here residea
until his death. Another son, Hamilton Corbett, died in New York in early manhood.
The daughters were: Mrs. Thomas Robertson, who came to Portland in 1856; and Mrs.
Henry Failing, who arrived on the Pacific coast in 1858. Henry Winslow was the
youngest of the family.

When his parents removed to White Creek, New York, Henry Winslow Corbett was
but four years of age. Following their removal to Cambridge, New York, he completed
a course in the Cambridge Academy, being then a lad of but thirteen. Starting out in the
business world he spent two years as a clerk and a little latter obtained a clerkship at
Salem, Washington county. When a year had passed he went to New York city and
obtained a clerkship in the dry goods store of Williams, Bradford & Company, with
whom he remained for seven years, thus gaining valuable experience. In October, 1850,
this firm furnished him with the necessary capital that enabled him to ship a line of
general merchandise to Portland, Oregon, by way of Cape Horn, on the bark Francis
and Louise. On the 4th of March, 1851, he arrived with his merchandise at Portland,
then a small town of four hundred inhabitants and containing but five stores. Front
street was a stump field, and back of First street stood the virgin forest. Mr. Corbett
rented a building, not quite completed, on the corner of Fourth and Oak streets, and
putting his goods on the second floor, there began business. When fourteen months had
passed he had disposed of his entire stock at a profit of about twenty thousand dollars
and returned to the east but in the meantime had entered into partnership with Robert
and Finley McLaren, who during his absence maintained the business in Portland.
After a year spent in New York Mr. Corbett decided to make Portland his home and
several months after his return to the west withdrew from his partnership relation
and established business under his own name. He carried on general merchandising
until 1860 and then concentrated his efforts and attention upon the conduct of a whole-
sale hardware business. In 1871 he was joined by Henry Failing and the firm of
Corbett, Failing & Company was organized, this leading to the development of one of
the most prominent business interests of the northwest. In 1869 he and his partner,
Mr. Failing, purchased a controlling interest in the First National Bank of Portland,
which at that time had deposits amounting only to forty thousand dollars. Their wise
direction led to the steady growth and development of the business until it became one
one of the largest and strongest financial concerns of the northwest, Mr. Failing filling
the position of president to the time of his death, while Mr. Corbett was vice president
for a number of years and succeeded Mr. Failing in the presidency. He was also
the president of the Security Savings & Trust Company and was regarded as one of
the leading financiers of the Pacific coast country. During the lifetime of Mr. Corbett
the capital stock of the First National Bank was increased from one hundred thousand
to seven hundred thousand dollars, while its deposits aggregated about seven million
dollars. It stood as a monument to the enterprise and business ability of Mr. Corbett
and of Mr. Failing, both of whom to the time of death occupied a prominent and en-
viable position in financial circles. The soundness of his judgment and the keenness
of his vision were everywhere recognized. He also became the president of the Port-
land Hotel Company, which erected one of the finest hotels on the coast, and he was
likewise the president of the Willamette Steel & Iron Works. He became interested in
the building of city and suburban railways and was a representative of the directorate

HISTORY OF OREGON 307

of the street railway company and added much to the development of the system. This
was not his initial connection with transportation interests, however, for in 1865 he
was awarded the contract of transporting the mails to California and four years later
became owner o£ the California stage line, which he extended to carry out the contract
for operating the tour-horse stage coach with the mail between Portland and California.
He relinquished this contract upon his election to the United States senate in 1866
but for many years was further identified with transportation interests as a director
of the Oregon Steam Navigation Company and of its successor, the Oregon Railroad &
Navigation Company. Many manufacturing interests felt the stimulus of the coopera-
tion and sound business judgment of Mr. Corbett and the industrial activity of the
city was greatly promoted through his efforts. He was at all times greatly interested
in the upbuilding o£ Portland, contributing in marked measure to the city's advance-
ment as the builder of the First National Bank building, the Worcester block on
Third and Oak streets, the Cambridge block on Third and Morrison, the Neustadter
building on Stark and Fifth, the Corbett and Hamilton buildings and many others.
He always recognized the needs and the possibilities of the growing community and
met the latter as well as the former.

Mr. Corbett had close connection with many interests and events which bore no
relation to commercial, industrial or financial activity. He gave his time and his
means freely to further many projects of which only the public was the direct bene-
ficiary. His prominence and his public spirit made him logically the candidate for
the United States senate in 1866, when he was elected over Governor Gibbs and John
H. Mitchell, becoming a member of the upper house of the national legislature on
the 4th of March, 1867. His work in the national halls of legislation was of a most
important character. He secured the appropriation for the Portland post office, also
the custom-house at Astoria and succeeded in having Portland made the port of entry
for the Willamette customs district. He introduced a bill providing for the return of
specie payment and although it was not then passed it was eventually adopted. He
was active in securing much needed financial legislation and gave the most thoughtful
and earnest consideration to every question which came up for settlement. After his
retirement from the senate on the 4th of March, 1873, he spent seven months in travel
abroad and following his return to America again became an active factor in politics
and in 1896 was a stalwart champion of the gold standard. He labored consistently
and successfully to secure success for the republican party in Oregon in that year and
in 1900 was again a candidate for the United States senate but was defeated by a com-
bination of democrats and some of the republicans. Governor Geer then appointed
him to the United States senate, but the senate ruling was to the effect that an ap-
pointed senator was not entitled to a seat, remaining vacant through the failure of a
state legislature to elect when they had the opportuniiy. Several times he served as
a delegate to the national convention of the republican party and his opinions long
carried weight in its councils. Among the local measures which he promoted during
his senatorial experience was that resulting in the removal of obstructions to naviga-
tion in the Willamette river, the erection of lighthouses along the coast and the loca-
tion of fog whistles and buoys to mark the channels of the navigable streams. He
supported the measure for an additional customs district with port of entry and
bonded warehouse, which was established. A large addition was also made to the
appropriation to survey the public lands in Oregon; and through his efforts the head-
quarters of the military department of the Columbia were removed from Washington
Territory to Oregon, and an appropriation was secured to erect the post office building
at Portland. When Mr. Corbett returned to his home from the senate he was tendered
a reception by his fellow townsmen, in the course of which his political career was
reviewed by one who said: "You can yourself judge correctly of the sentiment pre-
vailing throughout the state. We congratulate you upon having so prudently and
effectually served the public that there are few, if any, whether members of the party
that elected you or of the opposition, who express dissatisfaction with your course.
The republicans say you have been true to the principles of the party and faithful to
the pledges implied in receiving the office at their hands. The democrats admit that
you have been no ungenerous opponent, while both agree that your conduct on all
occasions has been governed by considerations affecting the welfare of our common
country and not by those of party expediency or personal advantage. Such indorse-
ment and approbation by an intelligent people are high praise in these times of cor-
ruption in high places." It was while Mr. Corbett was in office that Alaska was pur-
chased and William H. Seward and Schuyler Colfax were sent to the northwest in

308 HISTORY OF OREGON

connection with the matter. They were tendered a reception in Portland, at which
Mr. Corbett presided as chairman. Through a quarter of a century following his re-
tirement from office Mr. Corbett devoted his attention entirely to business and con-
stantly left the impress of his individuality and ability upon the history of the state
and its development.

In Albany, New York, Henry W. Corbett was united in marriage to Miss Caroline
E. Jagger, a native of that city, who there passed away in 1865, leaving two sons,
Henry J. and Hamilton F., both of whom died in early manhood. In Worcester, Massa-
chusetts, Mr. Corbett married Emma L. Ruggles, a native of that state and now occupy-
ing the old Corbett residence in Portland. Mr. Corbett is survived by three grandsons
who are prominently known: Hamilton F., of the Savings & Trust Company; Elliott
R., vice president of the First National Bank; and Henry L., vice president of the
First National Bank.

The death of Mr. Corbett occurred March 31, 1903. His last public activity was
in connection with the Lewis and Clark exposition. He led the movement resulting
in the exposition, recognizing what it would mean for Portland as a future asset as
well as a present-day advantage. Mr. Corbett was recognized as the one person who
was qualified to take the leadership and organize the exposition company on a sound
basis. From that time he entered heartily into the work and it was he who advocated
the establishment of at least one permanent building which would be an enduring
monument to the spirit and enterprise of this generation. He continued his work tor
the exposition until a few days prior to his demise, when realizing that his strength
was failing, he had to turn over his duties to others. He passed away March 31, 1903.
Quiet and unassuming in manner he was nevertheless of that heroic mold which meets
conditions with the courage and strength that is derived from a right conception of
things and an habitual regard for what is best in the exercise of human activities.
He was of an extremely generous nature and his benefactions were many. He was
constantly extending a helping hand and speaking an encouraging word to his fellow
travelers on life's journey. His life was actuated by the highest principles and the
most worthy motives and there is no name in Portland more honored today than that
of Henry W. Corbett.

GEORGE WASHINGTON SHAVER.

No history of Portland and the development of Oregon and the Northwest would
be complete without extended reference to George Washington Shaver, who became one
of the early pioneers of the state and was prominently connected with various business
interests that contributed to the development of this section of the country. He was
born in Campbell county, Kentucky, March 2, 1832, and obtained a fair education for
that period. In young manhood he went to Missouri, where he resided until he be-
came deeply interested in the west and its possibilities. When gold was discovered in
California he determined to try his fortune in the mines and in 1849 started across
the plains with ox team and wagon as a member of a large party. Slowly they pro-
ceeded across the stretches of hot sand and through the mountain passes, and after
reaching his destination Mr. Shaver began work in the mines, but his labors did not
bring him the expected returns and he made his way northward to Oregon, where he
again tried mining for a brief period. On coming to this state he settled at Waldo,
Marion county, and it was from there that he went to southern Oregon, where he once
more took up mining but without great success.

Mr. Shaver arrived in Portland on the 2d of February, 1854, and it was in this
city that he wedded Miss Sarah Dixon, who made the long trip across the plains to
Oregon in 1852 in company with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. James Dixon, who settled
at Roseburg. With his bride Mr. Shaver first located on a farm in Marion county and
four children were born to them while they still occupied the farm, while six other
children were added to the family subsequent to the time when their home was estab-
lished in Portland. They took up their abode here in 1860, upon land that is now
included within the Elizabeth Irving addition to the city. Mr. Shaver turned his at-
tention to dealing in wood and for many years had large contracts for furnishing
fuel to the steamboats plying between Portland and San Francisco. He also sup-
plied wood to various river boats and barges and thus one by one aided in clearing the

GEORGE W. SHAVER

CAPTAIN JAMES W. SHAVER

HISTORY OF OREGON 313

timber tracts of this region, Mr. Shaver probably cutting more acres of timber than
any man of his time.

In those early days there was no rail transportation and Mr. Shaver became greatly
interested in navigation. He organized the Shaver Transportation Company, of which
he became the president, while his son, James W. Shaver, was made secretary and
treasurer. This developed into one of the important navigation interests of the north-
west and the father continued in active connection with the business to the time of
his demise. The Shaver Transportation Company still exists as one of the potent
forces in navigation circles of the northwest and is today represented by Captain
George M. Shaver, who is the treasurer of the Shaver Transportation Company; Lin-
coln Shaver, who is the vice president and chief engineer; Captain Delmer Shaver,
the president; Captain J. W. Shaver, the secretary and manager; and Homer T. Shaver,
assistant manager and a grandson of its founder, George W. Shaver. Captain Shaver
of this review remained the president and head of all the different interests of the
family until the time of his death. He was a man of large business capacity, forceful
and resourceful, and belonged to that old school who believed that strength lay in the
family union and therefore he always wished his interests and prosperity to be shared
by the members of his own household. One of the fleet of ships belonging to the trans-
portation company was named G. W. Shaver in honor of the father, while another was
called Sarah Dixon, so named in honor of the mother.

Throughout his life George W. Shaver was keenly interested in all that pertained
to Oregon's progress and improvement. Coming to the state in 1850, he remained a
resident here for a half century and he left the impress of his individuality and ability
upon many interests which were of general public worth. He departed this life on
the 26th of October, 1900, at which time it was said of him: "He was not only a man
of sound business judgment and capacity for observation and action but also in his
character embodied all that is excellent and of good report. No worthy cause of
Portland but profited by his generosity and large-heartedness; no friend but was
benefited by his counsel and assistance. To the end he retained in increasing measure
the confidence of all with whom he was ever associated and to his family and friends
he left the heritage of a good name."

CAPTAIN JAMES W. SHAVER.

No student of history can carry his investigations far into the records of the
northwest without learning of the close connection of the Shaver family with all that
has had to do with the development of navigation interests in this section of the
country. Captain James W. Shaver is today prominently and widely known as the
secretary and manager of the Shaver Transportation Company, which has long owned
and operated its own boats, and the development of its business has also been a source
of gratification in connection with the upbuilding of this section of the country. In pio-
neer times the Shaver family was founded in Oregon and Captain Shaver of this review
was born at Waldo Hills, within five miles of Silverton, on the 2d of September, 1859.
He is a son of George Washington Shaver, whose birth occurred in Campbell county,
Kentucky, March 2, 1832, and who acquired a fair education in the schools of that
state. He was a young man at the time of the removal of the family to Missouri and
while residing in the latter state Ije became deeply interested in the west and its pos-
sibilities. When gold was discovered in California he determined to try his fortune in
the mines and in 1849 started across the country with ox team and wagon as a mem-
ber of a large party. Slowly they proceeded across the stretches of hot sand and over
the mountains, and after reaching his destination Mr. Shaver began work in the mines,
but his labors did not bring him the expected returns and he made his way northward
to Oregon, where he again tried mining for a period. He arrived in Portland, February
2, 1854, and it was in this city that he wedded Miss Sarah Dixon, whose father was a
pioneer settler of Oregon. With his bride Mr. Shaver located on a farm in Marion county
and four children were born to them while they occupied the farm, while later six
other children were added to the family subsequent to the time when their home was
established in Portland in 1860. After taking up his abode in the Rose City the father
devoted his attention to dealing in wood and for many years had large contracts for
furnishing fuel to the steamboats plying between Portland and San Francisco. He also
supplied wood for various river boats and barges and thus one by one the timber tracts

314 HISTORY OF OREGON

of the region were cleared, Mr. Shaver probably cutting more acres of timber than any
man of his time. In those early days there was no rail transportation and Mr. Shaver
became greatly interested in navigation. He organized the Shaver Transportation
Company, of which he became president, while his son, James W. Shaver, became sec-
retary and treasurer. The father continued in active connection with the business
until his death on the 26th of October, 1900, at which time someone said of him: "He
was not only a man of sound business judgment and capacity for observation and
action but also in his character embodied all that is excellent and of good report. No
worthy cause of Portland but profited by his generosity and large-heartedness; no
friend but was benefited by his counsel and assistance. To the end he retained in
increasing measure the confidence of all with whom he was ever associated and to his
family and friends he left the heritage of a good name."

Captain James W. Shaver, the second of the surviving sons of the family, was but
six months old when his parents took up their abode in Portland and here he was
reared, acquiring his education in the public schools, while in young manhood he be-
came actively interested in his father's business, which then included the conduct of a
livery stable in East Portland and the management of a large cordwood business, wood-
yards being maintained at East Portland and also at the Shaver dock on the river.
It was but natural, therefore, that Captain Shaver should become interested in ship-
ping and he turned his attention to navigation in 1880 in partnership with Henry
Corbett and A. S. Foster. They purchased the business of Captain Charles Bureau
and organized their interests under the name of the People's Freighting Company, of
which Mr. Shaver became manager and was also captain of the Manzanillo, a river
boat plying between Portland and Clatskanie. After a brief period Captain Shaver
acquired the interest of Mr. Foster and Mr. Corbett also withdrew from the business,
while George W. Shaver became a member of the firm, which was reorganized June 10,
1893, under the name of the Shaver Transportation Company, with the father as presi-
dent and the son as secretary and treasurer. In 1889 they built a boat which was
named G. W. Shaver, and in 1892 they began sailing the Sarah Dixon, named in honor
of Captain Shaver's mother. Some time afterward the Manzanillo was sold and the
Shaver and the Dixon were utilized by the company in its transportation business
until 1900 when the former was sold. In the same year the company purchased a
towboat called No Wonder, used in towing logs, and in 1901 the company built the
M. F. Henderson, also used for towing purposes. In 1906 they built the new Dixon and
the Wanna, while in 1908 the new Shaver was added to their fleet. In 1909 they bought
the Cascades and they also built a hundred-horsepower launch, the Echo, in 1910. The
G. W. Shaver was the finest steamer built on the Willamette in 1889 and was launched
in Portland for the Shaver Transportation Company. It was in 1893 that the Shaver
Transportation Company was organized and through the intervening period of more
than a quarter of a century has been one of the most important factors in the trans-
portation interests of the northwest.

In 1886, in Portland, Captain James W. Shaver was married to Miss Annie Schloth,
a representative of one of the old pioneer families of the state. Fraternally Captain
Shaver is connected with the Woodmen of the World, and is likewise a member of
the Auld Lang Syne Society. Politically he is identified with the democrats where na-
tional issues and questions are involved but casts an independent local ballot. For eight
years he was one of the commissioners of the port of Portland. During the war he
served on the state advisory board and took a most active and helpful interest in pro-
moting various branches of war service, particularly those which led to financing the
government. The connection of the family with the northwest has been one of long
duration and the worth of the work of its various members is widely acknowledged.
They have contributed much to the upbuilding and development of this section of the
country and their records well deserve a place upon the pages of Oregon's history.

LINCOLN SHAVER.

Lincoln Shaver, who is now vice president and chief engineer of the Shaver Trans-
portation Company of Portland, was born October 1. 1861, in East Portland and was
the fifth child of George Washington Shaver, who bore the name of the first president
of the United States and the founder of the country, while Lincoln Shaver was named

LINCOLN SHAVER

CAPTAIN GEORGE M. SHAVER

HISTORY OF OREGON 319

in honor of the preserver of the country, his birth having occurred in the year of
Lincoln's inauguration as president of the United States.

Lincoln Shaver has passed through all of the experiences of pioneer life in the
northwest. At the age of eleven years he attended school at the Shaver & McMillen
school, at what is now Cherry and Williams avenue in Portland. He attended alto-
gether for about twelve months during winter terms, but while his educational training
was somewhat limited he has been a thorough student in the school of experience and
has learned many valuable lessons in that way. He was one of a large family and
his three brothers, James W., George M. and Delmer all hold captain's commissions,
having devoted their lives to navigation interests.

When a lad of twelve years Lincoln Shaver began working with his uncle part
of the time about two and a half miles from the town of Molalla in Clackamas county.
At other periods he was engaged in the wood business and in looking after a donation
land claim that is now known as the Dixon place and which corners on the irrigation
land claim. In 1S78, his uncle John Dixon, wished him to go to Roseburg and help
another uncle, Tom Dixon, to take a band of cattle to Lake county, where John Dixon
had a ranch. They proceeded to Klamath county, at which time the Piute and Ban-
nock Indians were causing considerable trouble, so that Mr. Shaver and his uncle were
compelled to leave their cattle at the foot of Steen mountain. His uncle, John Dixon,
had sent out a man to tell them that they had better drop the cattle and not try to
fetch them in. However, they proceeded to one of the ranches of Pet French. Another
band of cattle was four miles ahead of them and was being driven to the Diamond
ranch, which also belonged to Pet French who had altogether ten ranches. The In-
dians saw the drivers who were on ahead and the latter came riding back to the
Shaver and Dixon camp as fast as their horses could run, shouting "Indians." Accord-
ingly Mr. Shaver and Mr. Dixon left their camp wagons and took their horses and
proceeded back along the road to the ranch of Dave Sherk, where there were sixty men
with three galling guns and a breast work built of fourteen inch sod. This occurred
on the 24th of July, 1878. Mr. Dixon and a man by the name of Nickelson went back
some days later after the grub wagons. Dave Sherk and two other men declared that
they were going to Fort McDonald if they saw no signs of Indians. There were a
number of pony tracks across the wagon road but the men thought it was a band of
wild Indian ponies. They had gone some distance when they saw Indians. It had been
their purpose to return if they saw the red men but the wily savages made their way
toward the rear, thus cutting him off from the men. The Indians shot at Sherk and
severed a lock of hair just above his ear. He was a fine rider, however, and able to
shoot from his horse which he kept going at a running pace until he outdistanced his
pursuers. Such were some of the experiences which the early settlers had to endure.
On the 10th of September, 1878, Mr. Shaver went to Winnemucca with a band of cattle,
proceeded southward to San Francisco and afterward returned to Portland, making
the trip on the steamer City of Chester, which broke her shaft off Nehalem river. The
steamship. Little California, towed the Chester up to the mouth of the Columbia river.
It was after this that Mr. Shaver began dealing in wood, in which business he con-
tinued until 1880, and he then began working and studying in order to gain a pilot's
license, working on the Frazer river under a number of the well known captains of
those days. He obtained his first engineer's license on the 4th of March, 1889, and his
last license as chief engineer was issued on the 2d of March, 1917.

Mr. Shaver is now the vice president and chief engineer of the Shaver Transporta-
tion Company. Gradually he has advanced in his business career and success has come
to him as the years have passed. In 1881 he went to British Columbia to help pilot
between Westminster and Yale in order that he might learn the business. He ran on
the Chain lakes in British Columbia, on the Peerless and Kamloops, two lake boats,
while on the Frazer river he was on the Reliance, William Irving, Royal City, Enter-
prise, Wilson G. Hunt, Yosemite, Gertrude and the Teaser. For six years he main-
tained his headquarters at Westminster. After his return to Portland in 1887 he ran
on the Willamette river between Portland, Astoria and The Dalles. He now looks
after the machinery of the company acting as chief engineer, and the company owns
a splendid fleet of boats, including the Shaver, Sarah Dixon, Henderson, Cascades, No
Wonder, Wanna and Pearl, all steamboats, and the following gasoline operation boats:
Doris, Echo, Marion and Alice.

In 1892 Mr. Shaver was united in marriage to Miss Berthie Kettler, who was
born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, November 2, 1867, in a little building that today stands

320 HISTORY OP OREGON

in the business section of the city. When she was two years of age her parents re-
moved to Missouri and when she was four became residents of Minnesota. After living
there for a short time the family home was established in St. Louis, Missouri, and a
little later in Hannibal, that state. Mrs. Shaver was nine years of age when her
parents went to Clarke county, Washington, settling on a small ranch. There she worked
very hard most of the time. When thirteen years of age she had opportunity of
attending school for two months and when fourteen years of age she went to school
for three months, while at the age of fifteen she spent another three months in
school. When sixteen years of age she began earning enough to buy her own clothes
and also her mother's. She was employed by others in the winter months while
in the summer she worked upon the home ranch, thus spending her time to the
age of twenty-five years, when she became the wife of Lincoln Shaver. They have
a son, Leonard Raymond Shaver, who was born August 12, 1893, in Portland and
who attended the public schools, after which he spent three terms in study at Cor-
vallis, Washington, and one term in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the State Univer-
sity, where he completed his education as a mechanical draftsman and expert account-
ant. After his return he received a mate's license and is now on the Sarah Dixon,
where he is learning the practical side of navigation with the end in view of becom-
ing a master navigator.

Such indeed is the history of Lincoln Shaver, who belongs to a family that has
done much to develop the navigation interests of the northwest. For many decades
they have been associated with marine transportation and have built up a most ex-
tensive business under the name of the Shaver Transportation Company. The activi-
ties of one brother have ably supplemented and rounded out the labors of the other,
and the four brothers have for a long period maintained a place among the leading
and representative business men of this section of the country. Lincoln Shaver Is a
member of the Woodmen of the World.

CAPTAIN GEORGE M. SHAVER.

Captain George M. Shaver is the treasurer of the Shaver Transportation Company
of Portland and has long been identified with shipping interests in the northwest. He
comes of a family that has been identified with Portland since pioneer times and that
has furnished several representatives to marine interests. George M. Shaver was born
in Portland in 1865 and began steamboating in 1S84 when a youth of nineteen years in
connection with his brother, Captain James W. Shaver, starting out as a deck hand
on the Manzanillo. He worked his way upward to the position of mate and afterward
took command of the Manzanillo in 1SS6. He made trips either as master or purser
on this boat until the building of the G. W. Shaver, a vessel that was named in honor
of his father. George M. Shaver then became purser on the new steamer and so con-
tinued until the completion of the Sarah Dixon, after which he was appointed master
of the G. W. Shaver and commanded the vessel for some time. Since ceasing actively
to sail on the boats plying in the waters of the northwest he has been an important
factor in the promotion of the interests conducted under the name of the Shaver
Transportation Company, of which he is treasurer and in charge of the commissary
department. He can relate numerous interesting incidents concerning the many years
which he ran on the Willamette with a captain's papers. He was a pilot on the old
Telephone between Portland and Astoria in the early days, this being one of the
fleetest boats on the Willamette, not only at that time but in comparison with the
boats of the present. In 1898 he went to Alaska, convoying three stern wheelers for
the Canadian Development Company. These were the Columbian, the Canadian and
the Victorian, which he took to Dawson. Captain Shaver was pilot on the Columbian
and plied between Dawson and White Horse. Captain Shaver made two trips up the
river to White Horse in the fall of 1898 from Dawson and he spent altogether about
fourteen years in Alaska, during which time his business interests at home were steadily
growing and at length demanded his attention, so that in 1912 he returned to Port-
land, where he is now active in business as the treasurer of the Shaver Transportation
Company. He made six trips up the Stickeen river with the Victorian in 1898 before
going to Dawson, but the lack of water caused them to abandon that route. Cap-
tain Shaver then mushed in from Skagway to Lower Labarge in 1899 and there took

CAPTAIN DELMER SHAVER

HISTORY OF OREGON 323

a barge from Lower Labarge to Fort Selkirk. Forty-two men made this trip — men who
constituted the crews of the Columbian and the Canadian. They were a week on the
way to Dawson, where they found the river open about the 1st of May, 1S99. In 1900
this company sold out to the White Pass and Yukon Route and with the new company
Mr. Shaver took charge as pilot between White Horse and Dawson, which position he
held for twelve years.

On the 20th of January, 1S90, Captain Shaver was married to Miss Maud Keenan,
a daughter of Samuel Keenan, a Portland pioneer who engaged in street contracting.
Her mother, Mrs. Sue R. Keenan, is now living in Phoenix, Arizona, but the father has
passed away. Captain and Mrs. Shaver have one child. Homer T., twenty-eight years of
age, who married Florence Jacobson, of Portland, and they have one child, Cathrine
Susan. Homer T. Shaver is assistant manager of the Shaver Transportation Company.

Captain Shaver is a member of the Auld Lang Syne Society, and of Washington
Commandery, No. 15, Knights Templars. There are few people more familiar with
the development of the northwest than Captain Shaver by reason of his long identi-
fication with maritime interests in this section of the country. He has watched the
steady development of shipping interests and has borne his part in the work of progress
and improvement along this line. His acquaintance is a very wide one and all who
know him speak of him in terms of warm regard.

CAPTAIN DELMER SHAVER.

The old adage about taking time by the forelock has found exemplification in the
record of Captain Delmer Shaver and that of others of the family who are associated
with him in the Shaver Transportation Company. This family early recognized the
possibilities in the line of navigation in the northwest and have long been associated
with marine transportation.

The early boyhood and youth of Delmer Shaver were devoted to the acquirement
of an education in the public schools of Portland and in the Columbia Commercial
College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1S86.

He started out in the business world in connection with his father; first in helping
conduct the large responsibilities of the home place lying on the banks of the Willamette
river, then later on when his father entered the wood business and took over a large
tract of land on the outskirts of the city now known as Dixon Place, he specialized
in the raising of a fine herd of Hereford cattle which they sold to the early dairy farmers
of the vicinity of Portland. The wood business grew very extensively and Mr. Shaver
was very busily engaged in looking after the wooding up of the steamers and the selling
end of the business.

Later on Captain Shaver went into the steamboat business with his father and
brothers, J. W. and Geo. M. Shaver. His first position being purser of the Steamer
Manzanillo on which his brother George was captain. After a year he received his
mate's papers and then his advancement was rapid until he became master of the
Steamer G. W. Shaver. For many years the company has operated steamboats in the
passenger and freight service on the Columbia and Willamette rivers, but are now
exclusively engaged in the towing business, operating about a dozen boats, many being
high-powered steamers while the others are gasoline tugs. Their business has become
one of the largest and most important on the rivers, placing them in a position of
leadership among the marine interests in the northwest. Captain Delmer Shaver was
obliged to leave the operating end in 1906 and entered the office where he has assumed
the duties of president and handles the traffic end tor the company.

On the 15th of August, 1S89, Mr. Shaver wedded Miss Nellie A. McDuffee, a daughter
of John McDuffee, of Iowa, and they have one son, James Delmer, born on the 25th of
December, 1903, who is now attending Jefferson high school with the purpose of ulti-
mately entering upon a collegiate course. There are also two daughters in the family,
Ellen Louise and Doris, who are also in school. The family residence is at No. 939
Alameda Drive.

Mr. Shaver is identified with the Woodmen of the World and the Auld Lang Syne
Society; his religious faith is that of the Congregational Church, in which he has filled
various offices. His life has ever been actuated by high and honorable principles and
the sterling worth of his character is recognized by all who know him. His business

324 HISTORY OF OREGON

activity has brought him a wide acquaintance, for through a period of more than a
quarter of a century he has been a member of the Shaver Transportation Company.

W. E. KIMSEY.

W. E. Kimsey, who since the 4th of March, 1920, has served as secretary of the
Oregon State Federation of Labor, was born in Smith Center, Kansas, in 1886, and is
a son of J. E. and Elizabeth (George) Kimsey, the former a native of Illinois and the
latter of Iowa. The Kimseys have for many years followed the occupation of farming
and the paternal grandfather, Isaac Kimsey, a native of Iowa, became one of the pioneer
farmers of Kansas, taking up a homestead claim in that state in 1871. His son, J. E.
Kimsey, is still residing in the Sunflower state where he is engaged in the feed busi-
ness, while the George family has long been prominent in political circles of the state.

The son. W. E. Kimsey, completed a high school course at Smith Center, Kansas,
and afterward learned the printer's trade, which he continued to follow in Kansas until
1909 when he went to St. Joseph, Missouri, where he resided for a year. In 1910 he
arrived in Portland and entered the employ of J. R. Rogers, being placed in charge of
the linotype department and continuing to act in that capacity until his election to
the office of secretary of the Oregon State Federation of Labor on the 4th of March,
1920. He is most capably discharging the duties of this responsible position and his
services are proving very valuable to the state organization.

In 1911 Mr. Kimsey was united in marriage to Miss Wilma Schatz and they have
become the parents of three children: Katharine V., Mildred E. and Shirley A. In his
political views Mr. Kimsey is a stanch republican, interested in the success of the
party. He has four times been elected president of Typographical Union, No. 4, of
Portland and is also secretary of the central labor council of Portland. He is likewise
serving as a member of the milk committee, appointed by Mayor Baker, and fraternally
is identified with the Modern -Woodmen of America, the Masons and the Eastern Star.
Mr. Kimsey is a young man whose salient characteristics are those which make for
popularity and he is widely and favorably known throughout the state. His ability,
enterprise and spirit of determination have carried him forward to important relations
and his future career seems bright with promise.

FRANK C. BRAMWELL.

Frank C. Bramwell, who on the 1st of January, 1921, received the appointment of
state superintendent of banks, has been a resident of Oregon since 1899 and has be-
come recognized as a most progressive business man and public-spirited citizen, gaining-
his present position of trust and responsibility through the strength of his mental
endowments and the wise utilization of his time, talents and opportunities.

Mr. Bramwell was born at Salt Lake City, Utah, December 21, 1881, and is a son
of Franklin S. Bramwell, a native of Sheffield, England, who has traveled all over the
■world and is a man of broad views and wide information. He married Emily Neal,
a native of Lancashire, England, and is now residing in Grants Pass. Oregon, but his
wife passed away in 1915. For some time he successfully engaged in the hardware
business and he is probably one of the best known men in the state. He has been
very active in political circles in both Idaho and Oregon and became one of the organ-
izers of the Oregon State Chamber of Commerce, of which he served as vice president
In 1919 and 1920. Lester H. Bramwell, a brother of the subject of this review, is
assistant cashier of the United States National Bank at La Grande, Oregon.

Frank C. Bramwell as a child removed with his parents to St. Anthony, Idaho, and
In 1899 he became a resident of Oregon, first going to Baker, where he remained for
a year, after which he removed to La Grande. He was graduated from college in 1903,
on the completion of a four years' course, following which he entered banking circles
at La Grande, later serving for three and a half years in the county clerk's office in
Union county, Oregon. In January, 190S, upon the recommendation of Senators Bourne
and Fulton, he was appointed by President Roosevelt as register of the United States
land ofBce at La Grande and in June, 1912, was reappointed to that office by President
Tatt, serving until September 30, 1916. He then removed to Grants Pass, where he again

HISTORY OF OREGON 325

became identified with banking interests. He was appointed by the State Banking
Board as state superintendent of banks, assuming the duties of the office on the 1st
of January, 1921. He is a shrewd, systematic business man, well versed in the details
of modern banking, and is proving well qualified for the discharge of the important
and responsible duties which devolve upon him in this connection, securing the good-
will and cooperation of the majority of the bankers of ,the state.

On the 28th of February, 1903, Mr. Bramwell was united in marriage to Miss Afton
Thatcher and they have become the parents of five children: Vernon, seventeen years
of age; Leola; and Frank C, Jr., Edgar and Aaron, aged respectively seven, four and
two years. Fraternally Mr. Bramwell is identified with the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks, belonging to La Grande Lodge, No. 433, of which he is a past exalted
ruler. With industry and determination as dominating qualities he has made steady
progress in the business world, his record being one which at all times will bear the
closest investigation and scrutiny. He has ever regarded a public oflice as a public
trust and no trust reposed in Frank C. Bramwell has ever been betrayed in the slight-
est degree.

ALBERT E. RANDALL.

Albert E. Randall, a retired farmer residing at Scio, where he is filling the position
of assistant postmaster, has spent his entire life in the section where he now resides,
for he was born three-quarters of a mile south of Scio, in December, 1859, his parents
being Elisha H. and Susanna (Earl) Randall, natives of Pennsylvania. The father
was a cabinet-maker by trade and in his later years followed the occupation of farming.
In 1847 he started across the plains with ox teams, Oregon being his destination, and
four years later purchased a claim near Scio, and it was upon this property that the
birth of his son, Albert E., occurred. To the development and improvement of his
ranch the father devoted his energies for many years, his death there occurring in
January, 1883, when he was seventy-two years of age. The mother long survived him,
passing away March 8, 1S99, at the advanced age of eighty-four years.

Albert E. Randall was reared in Scio and there attended the public schools, resid-
ing with his parents until they passed away. He assisted his father in the cultivation
of the home farm and when the latter retired he successfully continued its operation
until 1900, when he rented the property and took up his abode in Scio, where he has
since resided. In 1916 he was made assistant postmaster and is now serving in that
capacity, being most conscientious and efficient in the discharge of his duties. He has
also become interested in financial affairs as vice president of the Scio State Bank
and in this connection has been largely instrumental in promoting the growth and
success of the institution. He is a man of keen business discernment and sound Judg-
ment, who in the attainment of success has always followed the most honorable methods,
and he has therefore gained the confidence of all who have had business dealings with
him.

In January, 1908, Mr. Randall was united in marriage to Miss Melvina Miller and
they have a large circle of friends in the community where they reside. Mr. Randall
gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious faith is indicated
by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, while his fraternal connections
are with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias. His entire life, covering sixty-one
years, has been passed in this county, and in the locality where he makes his home
he is widely and favorably known, being recognized as a man of sterling worth who
in every relation of life exemplifies the highest standards of manhood and citizenship.

PROF. CHARLES W. BOETTICHER.

Prof. Charles W. Boetticher, superintendent of the city schools at Albany, was
born at Powhatan, Ohio, July 20, 1866, a son of George Frederick and Louise (Hoeltzla)
Boetticher, the former born near Powhatan and the latter a native of Wheeling, West
Virginia. During his earlier years the father engaged in engineering work but the
latter part of his life was devoted to farming. He was an honored veteran of the
Civil war, enlisting at Powhatan, and serving for three months toward the close of

326 HISTORY OF OREGON

hostilities as a member of a regiment of Ohio infantry. He passed away May 30, 1903,
at tlie age of sixty-eight years, while the mother's death occurred in April, 1900, when
she was fifty-eight years of age.

Charles W. Boetticher attended the public and high schools of Powhatan and later
was a student in a normal school, after which he engaged in teaching school in Ohio
for a period of five years. In 1SS9 he came west to Washington and for one year fol-
lowed the profession of teaching in the vicinity of Spokane, after which he came to
Oregon, becoming identified with the school at Silverton, which he was largely in-
stYumental in organizing. At the end of a year, however, he returned to the east and
enrolled as a student in Marietta College at Marietta, Ohio, from which he was grad-
uated with the class of 1895. He then resumed the work of teaching and became
principal of the high school at Gallipolis, Ohio, filling that position for eight years. Ai
the end of that period he went to Parkersburg, West Virginia, as principal of the high
school of that city, and in 1909 returned to Silverton. Oregon, where he remained for
two years. He then came to Albany and accepted the position of superintendent of
the city schools, in which capacity he has since served, covering a period of ten years.
His thorough education and long experience as a teacher well fit him for his duties
in this connection and he is proving a most capable educator, ever holding to the
highest professional standards. He has made a splendid record in office and has done
much to improve the curriculum of the schools and the methods of instruction followed.
In addition to his professional duties Mr. Boetticher also has banking interests at
Clarington, Ohio, which are proving a profitable investment.

On the 1st of January, 1889, Mr. Boetticher was married to Miss Mary C. Dotta
and they have become the parents of two children: Robert F., aged twenty-two years,
who is a student in the State University of Oregon; and Marion L., who is twenty-
years of age and is now attending the Oregon Agricultural College.

Mr. Boetticher is a republican in his political views and his religious faith is
indicated by his attendance upon the services of the Methodist Episcopal church. Upon
all vital questions he is well informed and he keeps abreast with the best thinking men
of the age concerning the political, sociological and economic questions of the day. He
has ever been actuated by a spirit of progress and enterprise and in his position as
superintendent of schools has contributed in marked measure to the educational ad-
vancement of the city.

DEL WRIGHT.

Business interests of the Rose City find a worthy representative in Del Wright,
manager of the Portland branch of the William L. Hughson Company, the oldest Ford
agents on the Pacific coast. He is thoroughly familiar with the automobiles business,
to which he has devoted the greater part of his life and is capably managing the in-
terests under his control, his services being very valuable to the company which he
represents. A native of Iowa, Mr. Wright was born in 1872, a son of Minor and Mary
(Mason) Wright, the former a farmer by occupation. The son secured his education
in fhe schools of Mount Pleasant, Michigan, to which city the family had removed in
his youth and on completing his studies secured work in the lumber mills and also
was employed at other labor. In 1902 he removed to Detroit where he secured a posi-
tion as traveling representative for J. P. Snyder, selling the Milwaukee line of steam
automobiles, while later he became traveling salesman for the White steamer. In
1907 he went to San Francisco, California, where he became identified with the H. 0.
Harrison Company and subsequently removed to Seattle, Washington, where for four
years he filled the position of sales manager for the Broadway Automobile Company.
On the expiration of that period he returned to Detroit and for six months was again
in the employ of Mr. Snyder, but the west still drew him and coming to Oregon he
became identified with the Northwestern Automobile Company as salesman. He con-
tinued with that firm for four years and then entered the service of the Pacific Kissel
Car Company, which later became known as the William L. Hughson Company, Mr.
Wright being selected as general manager of the Portland branch, in which position
he still continues. They are the oldest Ford agents on the Pacific coast, having the
agency for the states of California, Oregon, Washington and a portion of Nevada, with
branch establishments in San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego and Oakland, Cali-
fornia, and in Seattle, Washington, in addition to the Portland office. They are also

HISTORY OF OREGON . 327

agents for the Federal trucks and Lee trailers. They are conducting an extensive
business in Portland, occupying a two-story building ninety by one hundred feet at
the corner of Broadway and Davis street, where they give employment to fifty people.
Mr. Wright gives careful oversight to all phases of the business under his charge and
Is constantly seeking to increase the efficiency and promote the sales of the Portland
branch, his services being thoroughly appreciated by the company.

In 1902 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Wright and Miss Mary Ellen Kerr,
of Michigan, and they have become the parents of two daughters, Florence and Frances.
He is a member of the State Automobile Association and that he is a public-spirited
and enterprising citizen is indicated by his membership in the Portland Chamber of
Commerce and the Progressive Business Men's Club. His political allegiance is given
to the republican party and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias
and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has won success by industry, ability
and common sense and these qualities unite to make him an upright man and useful
citizen.

VICTOR OLLIVER.

Victor Olliver, a prominent attorney of Albany, now serving as justice of the peace,
in addition to his practice, was born in Boonville, Indiana, October 18, 1886, of the
marriage of John and Elizabeth (Lockyear) Olliver, the former a native of England
and the latter of Indiana. When about twenty-one years of age the father emigrated
to America, and going to southern Indiana, he purchased land in the vicinity of Boon-
ville, which he improved and developed, continuing its cultivation throughout the
remainder of his life. He passed away in October, 1894, while the mother's death
occurred in February, 1901.

In the public schools of Warrick connty, Indiana, Victor Olliver acquired his edu-
cation. After his graduation from the high school he engaged in teaching school in
different parts of the state for a period of five years and then pursued a course in the
Oakland City College of Indiana, while later he became a student at the University
of Indiana, from which he was graduated with the LL. B. degree in 1912. He then
practiced law at Marion, Indiana, for one year and in 1913 came to Oregon, opening an
office in Albany in November of that year, and here he has continued in practice, with
offices in the First National Bank building. His fellow citizens, recognizing his worth
and ability, called him to public office and in 1916 he -was appointed city attorney
of Albany, so serving until 1919. He was elected justice of the peace in November,
1918, and since the 1st of January, 1919, has ably filled that office. His standing in
the community is indicated in the fact that he was nominated by both parties, although
not a candidate for office. He is an able attorney, well informed in all branches of
the law and his ability is manifest in the logic of his deductions and the clearness of
his reasoning.

On the 25th of October, 1915, Mr. Olliver was united in marriage to Miss Mildred
Slonaker, a daughter of A. S. and Nettie (Gray) Slonaker, natives of Indiana. The
father is engaged in farming in Randolph county, Indiana, and the mother also sur-
vives. Mr. and Mrs. Olliver have become the parents of a daughter, Mary Louise, whose
birth occurred on the 2d of September, 1916.

In his political views Mr. Olliver is a republican and his fraternal connections
are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Masons. He is a member
of the Methodist Episcopal church and is actively interested in its work, being secre-
tary of the official board. Along the line of his profession he is identified with the
Linn County Bar Association. He stands high as a man and citizen and he enjoys
the respect, goodwill and confidence of his associates at the bar.

JOSEPH M. NOLAN.

Joseph M. Nolan, who passed away at Corvallis in January, 1917, was long identi-
fied with mercantile Interests of the city and his industry and enterprise were factors
in general development and improvement as well as in individual success. While he
attained prominence and success in business, his own advancement was never secured

:3l'8 . HISTORY OF OREGON

at the sacrifice of the interests of another and he earned as few men have done, the
friendship and goodwill of his business associates and competitors.

Mr. Nolan was a native of Ireland. He was born in January, 1844, and on the
Kmerald isle was reared and educated. In 1872, when a young man of twenty-eight
years, he sought the opportunities offered in America to a man of energy, ability and
determination, and locating in San Francisco, California, he there became connected
with a dry goods establishment, having previously acquired a knowledge of the trade
in his native land. He remained in that city until 1884, when he came to Oregon and
with his savings established a small mercantile business in Corvallis, Benton county,
which he continued to conduct throughout the remainder of his life. His enterprising
methods, thorough reliability and reasonable prices soon gained for him a good patron-
age and with the passing years his business assumed large proportions. His stock was
carefully selected and tastefully and attractively arranged and he put forth every effort
to please his patrons. As a business man his course was marked by steady advance-
ment, for he closely studied trade conditions and the wants of the public and in con-
ducting his store made it his purpose ever to be ready to meet the public needs and
demands. He became widely known as an enterprising and substantial merchant of
his city and the methods which he followed won for him the honor and respect of
all with whom he was brought into contact. The business is conducted in a building
seventy by one hundred feet, consisting of two stories and basement, and when his
son entered business life Mr. Nolan admitted him as a partner, the firm name then
becoming J. M. Nolan & Son, under which style the business is still continued.

Mr. Nolan was twice married. He first wedded Mary Callahan, whose demise oc-
curred in 1890, and subsequently he was united in marriage to Kate Thompson, by
whom he had two children, Gertrude and Victor, who are employed in their father's
store. There were also two children of the first marriage, namely: Thomas J., who
was born at Albany, Oregon, in October, 1882, and is now ably managing the interests
of the firm of J. M. Nolan & Son; and Mary, who became the wife of J. C. Causland
and resides at Spokane, Washington.

In his political views Mr. Nolan was a democrat and his religious faith was in-
dicated by his membership in the Catholic church. He passed away at the age of
seventy-three years and his life was a busy, active and useful one, crowned with success-
ful achievement. He was a self-made man whose prosperity was attributable entirely
to his own efforts and his was a most creditable record, characterized by integrity
and enterprise in business and loyalty in citizenship. His life was ever guided by high
and honorable principles and his sterling traits of character won for him the respect,
honor and esteem of all with whom he came into contact.

VESTAL RAUL ABRAHAM, M. D.

Dr. Vestal Raul Abraham, a well known and successful physician residing in Hood
River, is descended on both sides of the house from a long line of ancestors whose
names have been prominent in American history for several generations. John Rolston,
his great-great-grandfather on the maternal side, was born in Virginia in 1755, to which
colony his father had immigrated with a party of English who left England to seek
religious liberty abroad. John Rolston was a soldier in the war of Independence,
having volunteered in 1778 as a private in the regiment of Colonel Neville and served
directly under the command of Captain Wallace until the close of hostilities. After
the war he removed to Kentucky, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying
in 1842, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. His descendants, full of the
pioneer spirit of their ancestors, have drifted farther west as the country has grown,
and it was in Iowa that Vestal S. Abraham, father of the subject of this sketch,
was born.

Vestal Raul Abraham was also born in Iowa, the year being 1885. His mother,
who bore the maiden name of Rose lams, belonged to a family who were among
the prominent early settlers of Iowa. With the pioneer spirit still dominant, the
Abraham family moved to Nebraska when Vestal R. was a mere child of four years,
and it was in the graded schools of Keith county that he received his early education,
later attending Franklin Academy in that state. Following his graduation from that
institution his parents removed to Oregon in 1906 and took up their residence at
Forest Grove. While living in that place he entered the Pacific University and later

ABRAHAM, MAJOR

HISTORY OF OREGON 3151

took a course at the University of Chicago, from which he was graduated in 1911.
He then matriculated at Rush Medical College in the same city, receiving from the
latter institution his M. D. degree in 1913, after which he returned to Oregon and
served as an interne at the Good Samaritan Hospital at 'Portland. Feeling himself
equipped to take up the practice of his profession, he opened an office at Hood River
and had built up a good-practice when the World war caused him to offer his services
to his country. He was commissioned first lieutenant of the medical corps and in
May, 1917, was sent to Fort Riley, where he served for a year as medical instructor
of the officers training camp. He was promoted to captain in December, 1917, and
ordered to Camp Devens late in 1918, when he was made director of the ambulance
corps of the Twelfth Sanitary Train. In October, 1918, he was promoted to the rank
of major and ordered to France. While Dr. Abraham was at the army sanitary camp
in Langres, the armistice was signed. He was soon ordered home, arriving here,
December 22, and on December 24 he was discharged, coming out of the service as
major of the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States army..

The Doctor at once returned to Hood River and resumed the practice of his pro-
fession, and some few months after his return he became associated in the practice
with Dr. J. W. Sifton, under the firm name of Abraham & Sifton. This mutually
agreeable partnership still continues, their medical services being in much demand
throughout the Hood River valley.

In 1908 Dr. Abraham was united in marriage to Miss Maverne Templeton, a
daughter of John Templeton, a retired farmer of Forest Grove, this state, who was
born in Pennsylvania and removed to Minnesota, where he engaged in farming. On
coming to Forest Grove, Oregon, he became identified with the First National Bank.
Dr. and Mrs. Abraham have three children, namely: Virginia, Glen and Kenneth, the
two eldest attending the grade schools.

Dr. Abraham's practice embraces surgery but it is more of a general character.
He is a member of the State Medical Society and of the American Medical Association.
He held the office of coroner of Hood River county for two terms, resigning during
his second term to join the American army. He is at present county physician and
county health officer. He is a Mason, a Knight of Pythias and a Woodman of the
World, and is a charter member of the American Legion, being the delegate from
Oregon to the first national convention of that patriotic body.

HON. PHIL METSCHAN.

Hon. Phil Metschan, who was prominently known in the business circles of Port-
land and of Oregon, came to the state in pioneer times and for a number of years
prior to his death was the proprietor of the Imperial Hotel of Portland. He was born
in Hesse-Cassel, Germany, March 24, 1840, a son of Frederick U. and Caroline C.
(Schiricke) Metschan, who were also natives of Hesse-Cassel. The father was a grad-
uate of Heidelberg University, which was founded in 1386 and is the oldest university
of that country. He was a lawyer by profession and became an attache of the Duke
of Hesse. He passed away in 1875 and after three years his widow came to America,
accompanied by three of her daughters. Her last days were spent in Canyon City,
Oregon, where her death occurred in 1884.

Phil Metschan, whose name introduces this review, was a youth of but fourteen
years when he bade adieu to friends and native land and came to the new world, cross-
ing the Atlantic on a three-masted clipper. When he arrived in Cincinnati, Ohio, he
had a capital of but four dollars and seventy-five cents. He had two uncles living in
Cincinnati, one of whom gave him employment in his meat market, and there he learned
the butcher's trade. In the spring of 1858 he removed to Leavenworth, Kansas, and
became identified with the business interests of that city at the Shawnee Market, but
illness compelled him to change his occupation. In the spring of 1859 he made his
way across the plains to Denver, Colorado, and thence proceeded to California Gulch,
now known as Leadville, at which place he opened a meat market. In the fall of 1860,
however, he returned to Leavenworth, Kansas, and while there residing exercised his
right of franchise for the first time in America by supporting Abraham Lincoln. In
the spring of 1861 he again returned to California Gulch and his family has in its
possession », most interesting letter written concerning his next trip to California and
his settlement in Portland. The news of certain gold discoveries in California led him

:132 HISTORY OF OREGON

to the Pacific coast. He outfitted with three mules and in the companionship of a
German and an American started across the country. During the first three weeks of
their travel they suffered at times from a lack of water but eventually reached the
post road, on w^hich they traveled for two weeks, arriving at Salt Lake City. After a
brief rest there they continued their .lourney, reaching Sacramento, California, Novem-
ber 20, 1S61, just before the memorable floods of that year. .Mr. Metschan spent the
succeeding winter on the ranch of General Hutchinson, earning fifty dollars per month
besides his board and lodging and feed for his mules. In the following May he sold
his mules and started for the Caribou mines of British Columbia, going first to San
Francisco and then by the water route to Victoria, where he heard news concerning
the mines that deterred him from continuing the trip. Finding no suitable work in
Victoria, he proceeded to Portland, where he arrived on the Sth of June. His descrip-
tion of the town and his early business venture is most interesting and is given here-
with: "The place seemed lively, and I concluded to establish a bakery in partnership
with a German baker — a business which was needed here, as there were only two
bakeries, which had to supply a population of four thousand, besides the many strangers
who were continually returning to the mines. We rented a house for thirty-five dollars
per month. The building being an old one, and very much neglected, cost us consid-
erable for repairs. We had worked on the building only one week, when the river,
owing to the melting snows in the mountains, rose to such a height that the oldest
inhabitants, except Indians, could not remember such high water. This experience
spoiled our calculations, for the lower part of the city, in which our house was located,
was under water three feet. Through this experience we lost a full month, and sus-
tained a loss of at least three hundred dollars. On July 15th we started the second
time, and one week thereafter were ready. It stands us pretty high, as we are still
five hundred dollars in debt. You may ask, 'How it is possible to become indebted so
much?' It is very simple. Our oven cost three hundred dollars, then we had to have
a horse and wagon to deliver the bread to our customers, costing three hundred and
fifty dollars. Everything else in proportion. Business was good the first month; it is
not so good at present, but one is his own master, and I earn more even now than if
I were working for other people. Old residents here tell me that this is the dullest
season of the year, and the farmers are harvesting, which has a depressing effect on
business in the city. Oregon is a very fertile state, and by far the best fruit land in
America. The apples, pears, plums, etc., are the finest I have seen in America — even
Germany cannot excel them."

After a brief period spent in Portland, Mr. Metschan went to Canyon City, Grant
county, Oregon, where he engaged in mining and prospecting for a time and then
established a meat market and general merchandise store, which he conducted until
1890. His entire life was one of intense and well directed activity and he never hesi-
tated to take a forward step when the way was open. Actuated by a laudable ambition,
he steadily progressed and for many years ranked with the representative business men
of Portland.

It was while residing in Canyon City that Mr. Metschan was united in marriage
to Miss Mary Schaum, a native of Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, who passed away in
Salem, Oregon, in 1S95. He afterward wedded Mrs. F. D. Sweetser, who became his
wife in San Rafael, California, and who was born in Canada. His children, all born
of his first marriage, were as follows: Frank, night manager of the Imperial Hotel
of Portland, Oregon; Anna, the wife of George H. Cattanach; Mrs. Amelia Meredith,
living at Salem; Mrs. Julia Griffith; Phil, who was cashier of the Grant County Bank
and later proprietor of the Palace Hotel at Heppner, Oregon, but is now manager of
the Imperial Hotel of Portland and also president of the Imperial Hotel Company: Otto,
assistant manager of the Imperial Hotel; Anton H., who is connected with the hotel
company; Mrs. Lillian Flanders, of Portland; and Edward, who is a practicing dentist
of Portland.

It was in May, 1899. that Mr. Metschan became identified with hotel interests in
Portland by the purchase of the Imperial Hotel and the incorporation of the Imperial
Hotel Company, of which he remained the president until his death. He conducted
this popular hostelry in a most capable manner, displaying progressive methods and
the spirit of the pioneer in instituting many new and valuable ideas in connection
with hotel management.

Mr. Metschan was long prominently known in republican circles in Oregon and
while residing in Grant county filled the office of county treasurer for a .four years'
term and also served as county clerk for two years. He likewise filled the office of

HISTORY OF OREGON 333

county Judge for four years and was then again called to the office of county clerk,
serving the second term from 1888 until 1S90. In the latter year he was elected
state treasurer of Oregon by a majority of sixty-seven hundred and entered upon the
duties of the office in January, 1891, at which time he established his home in Salem.
On the expiration of liis first term in that position he was reelected by a plurality
of over twenty-three thousand. He was a most faithful custodian of the public funds,
carefully guarding the interests of the state in this particular, and over the record
of his official career there falls no shadow of wrong nor suspicion of evil. He was
faithful in the least things as well as in the greatest and was a most loyal defender
of the financial rights and interests of the commonwealth.

Mr. Metschan was long a valued representative of the Masonic fraternity. He
was made a Mason in Canyon City Lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and at one time served
as its master. In 1896 and 1897 he was honored with the office of grand master of the
Grand Lodge of Oregon. He had become a Royal Arch Mason in Blue Mountain Chap-
ter, No. 7, R. A. M., of Canyon City, of which he at one time served as high priest,
and for a time he was connected with Oregon Commandery, No. 1, K. T., while later
he became a charter member of De Molay Commandery, No. 5, of Salem. He also be-
longed to Oregon Consistory, No. 1, S. P. R. S., and Al Kader Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S..
of Portland. He was initiated into the Odd Fellows organization as a member of
Hobah Lodge, No. 22, of Canyon City and at one time served as noble grand, while in
1881-2 he was the grand master of the grand lodge of Oregon. He was also in the grand
encampment and is a past grand patriarch. He likewise acted as supreme representa-
tive to the sovereign grand lodge in the session at Los Angeles and later in the session
at Denver. He belongs to Hope Lodge, No. 1, A. O. U. W., and to the Elks Lodge, both
of Portland, and when the Illehee Club of Salem was organized he was chosen its
president. Mr. Metschan never had occasion to regret his determination to come to
the new world. He crossed the Atlantic when a youth in his teens. He here found
the opportunities which he sought and in their utilization worked his way steadily up-
ward. He was always actuated by a strong and honorable purpose and his determina-
tion and energy carried him over difficulties and obstacles into the field of success. He
became widely known among the leading political leaders and prominent business men
of the state, enjoying their confidence and high regard to an unusual degree. He passed
away at his home in Portland on the 27th of March, 1920, three days after his eightieth
birthday, leaving many friends and no enemies.

HARVEY A. WIGHT.

Harvey A. Wight, member of the Oregon bar, practicing at Lebanon, was born at
East Wrightstown, Wisconsin, August 15, 1892, a son of Howard and Lillian (Jenkins)
Wight, the former a native of Minnesota and the latter of Wisconsin. In an early day the
father went to Wisconsin, where he worked at the carpenter's trade, remaining a resi-
dent of that state until 1905, when he came to Oregon, locating in the foothills of Linn
county. There he engaged in the stock business until 1910, when he moved to the
vicinity of Lebanon and is now a resident of that locality, living practically retired,
although he supervises the operation of a small prune orchard. The mother also sur-
vives.

Harvey A. Wight attended the country schools of Wisconsin to the age of thirteen
years, when he accompanied his parents on their removal to Oregon, completing the
work of the eighth grade and also pursuing a high school course at Lebanon. He then
entered the Willamette University, where he pursued a two years' course in the liberal
arts department. In 1917 he was graduated from the law department of that university
and on the 18th of July of that year was admitted to the bar. He then opened an office
in Lebanon and continued in practice here until September, 1918, when he enlisted for
service in the World war, being sent to Vancouver Barracks, Washington. He was later as-
signed to the Local Board No. 4, at Portland, Oregon, where he assisted in the legal work
and was then transferred to Camp Lewis. Washington, where he was mustered out in
January, 1919. He then returned to Lebanon, where he has remained, and is building up a
good clientage, which his diligence and solid attainments well merit. He is thorough
and painstaking in the preparation of liis cases, is clear and cogent in his reasoning
and logical in his deductions. He is an earnest and discriminating student, thoroughly

334 HISTORY OF OREGON

familiar with the principles of jurisprudence, and is careful to conform his practice to
the highest ethics of the profession.

Mr. Wight gives his political allegiance to the republican party and while attending
the university served as chief deputy circuit court clerk of Marion county in 1917. His
fraternal connections are with the Masonic order, the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks and the Brotherhood of American Yeomen, of which he is now serving as foreman.
He likewise belongs to the American Legion, his membership being in Leo Sturdevant
Post No. 51, of which he is commander. In religious faith he is a Presbyterian. Mr.
Wight is always loyal to any cause which he espouses and faithful to every duty and
he is a public-spirited and loyal citizen and a rising young attorney of the community,
where he is justly held in high regard by all who know him.

CHARLES W. COTTEL.

Charles W. Cottel, meeting the responsibilities and duties of life, became a success-
ful business man of Portland. He was born June 4, 1843, in Crawford, Maine, a son
of Charles and Phoebe (Hascomb) Cottel. In 1857 the father removed to Illinois
with his family, settling near Wilmington, Illinois, and when the Civil war broke
out endeavored to enlist but was rejected on account of age and physical unfitness.
Later, however, he joined the army and served for a year to the close of the war.
He afterward located on a farm in Illinois, where he resided for several years and
in 1890 removed to Portland, where he made his home until his death. Here he
became a factor in business circles and for eighteen years was identified with the
Luckel King and Cake Soap Company.

In 1896 he was married to Mrs. Levina Hildebrand Outhouse, who was born on
her father's donation claim in Oregon in 1847. Her parents were Paul and Eveline
(Tetherow) Hildebrand, the latter a daughter of Solomon Tetherow who was captain
of a train that in 1845 crossed the plains from Kansas City, Missouri. On arriving
in Oregon he secured a donation claim of six hundred and forty acres. Mr. Hildebrand
also obtained a donation claim of equal size in Polk county and there he and his wife
resided until called to their final resting place. Their daughter Levina first became
the wife of John T. Outhouse, who came to the Pacific coast by way of Cape Horn in
1851. He was a native of New Brunswick and taught the first public school in Port-
land, after which he followed teaching for several years in different parts of Oregon.
He was married May 18, 1865, to Levina Hildebrand and died in October, 1889. He
was well known as an able educator, having been superintendent of schools in Polk
and Union counties, and also was receiver at the United States land office at La Grande.
In that locality he engaged in farming and stock raising for several years.

Fraternally Mr. Cottel was connected with the Woodmen of the World and with
the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Knights and Ladies of Security. He
was one of the incorporators of the new Jerusalem Swedenborgian church and for a
quarter of a century was president of the church society, at all times living a con-
sistent Christian life, and following closely the Golden Rule. Politically he was a
republican but not a strict partisan, for he cast an independent ballot if his judg-
ment so dictated. In later years he owned and conducted a little fruit ranch on
East 39th street in Portland, in the midst of which stands a beautiful residence,
and there he passed away September 13, 1920.

A. K. HIGGS, M. D.

Dr. A. K. Higgs, specializing in the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and
throat, with offices in the Selling building in Portland, is a man of high professional
attainments whose capable work ranks him among the leading specialists in his line
in this city. Dr. Higgs is a representative of an old southern family. He was born
in Valley Springs, Boone county. Arkansas, in 1871, a son of W. F. and Mary (Feather-
stone) Higgs. The father was a Confederate soldier who previous to the Civil war
was a large plantation owner and slaveholder in Louisiana.

After completing the work of the high school A. K. Higgs became a student in
the Valley Springs Academy and following his graduation therefrom entered the State

HISTORY OF OREGON 337

University of Arkansas, where he completed a medical course, and then did post-
graduate work in Chicago and New York city. In 1907 he went abroad for further
study, attending leading medical schools of London, Paris, Berlin and Vienna, thus
acquiring a thorough and comprehensive knowledge of his profession. For six years
he engaged in general practice in Texas and subsequently came to the west, opening
an ofRce at Heppner, Oregon, where he continued in general practice for four years. In
1906 he established himself in Portland, where he has since remained, specializing in
the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He has never been content
with the second best but is constantly striving to perfect his professional skill and
ability and in 1919 again went abroad for further study, going and returning by way
of the Orient. In the field in which he specializes Dr. Higgs has made continuous
progress, gleaning from comprehensive study and research and from practical experi-
ence valuable truths in connection with the profession. His labors have been attended
with a gratifying measure of success and his practice has steadily grown in volume and
importance.

In 1892 Dr. Higgs was united in marriage to Miss Anna Kerr of Arkansas, who
passed away in 1919. She had become the mother of a daughter, Lillian, who is now
the wife of Dr. E. B. Faxon, a prominent dentist of Portland. In his political views Dr.
Higgs is a democrat, active in support of the principles and candidates of the party
but has never been desirous of holding public oflSce, his time being fully occupied with
his professional duties. He is identified with the American Medical Association and
with the Oregon, Multnomah County and Portland Medical Societies and also belongs
to the Pacific Coast and Portland Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Associations. He is promi-
nent in Masonry, holding membership in the blue lodge of which he is a past master
and also in the Knights Templars Commandery, the Scottish Rite Consistory and the
Mystic Shrine. He is likewise connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks,
the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and also with
the Progressive Business Men's Club and the Rotary Club. Prompted in all that he
does by laudable ambition and broad humanitarian principles, as a member of the
medical fraternity he has attained high rank among those whose skill is uniformly
acknowledged, while his prosperity is recognized as the merited reward of his labor.
His life has at all times been actuated by high ideals and he is a man whom to know
is to esteem and honor.

JAMES R. BAIN.

One of the younger representatives of the Portland bar is James R. Bain, member
of the well known law firm of Olson, Dewart & Bain. A native of this city Mr. Bain
was born in 1890, a son of James and Lillie A. (Low) Bain, the former a native of
Scotland and the latter of Indiana. The father emigrated to the United States and
making his way to Oregon, engaged in the insurance business in Portland.

After completing his high school course James R. Bain became a student in the law
department of the University of Oregon and following his graduation therefrom was
admitted to the bar In 1912. He at once entered upon the practice of his profession in
his native city, where he has since continued, save during the period of his military
service. He is an able lawyer, well informed in all branches of the law and his ability
is manifest in the logic of his deductions and in the clearness of his reasoning. He has
made continuous progress in his profession and is now a member of the firm of Olson,
Dewart & Bain, which is recognized as one of the leading law firms of the city, enjoy-
ing a large and representative clientele. He has been associated with the firm since
1916 and although one of the younger attorneys of the city has already won for himself
an enviable position as a sound and capable lawyer.

In 1918 Mr. Bain was united in marriage to Miss Esther Lee Holder, who is a
native of Texas but was reared in the state of Georgia. In the spring of 1918 Mr.
Bain enlisted in the regular armv, becoming a member of Company A of the Thirteenth
Infantry and was sent to Camp Fremont, where he remained until the autumn of 1918.
He was then ordered overseas and while en route to France the armistice was signed.
He was discharged at Camp Lewis, Washington, on the 25th of March, 1919, as a non-
commissioned officer. In his political views Mr. Bain is a republican and a member of
the Roosevelt Republican Club. Fraternally he is a member of the Foresters of America,
and is serving as grand secretary of the state lodge; a Mason and a Woodman of the

338 HISTORY OP OREGON

World. He is also identified with the Chamber of Commerce, whose plans and projects
lor the advancement of the city and the expansion of its trade interests he heartily
endorses. He is likewise a memljer of the Portland Post of the American Legion and
served as its first commander. He holds to high standards in professional service, has
great respect for the dignity of his calling and zealously devotes his energies to his pro-
fession, in which he is making continuous progress. His life has ever been actuated
by high and honorable principles and he is loyal to all those interests which make for
honorable manhood and progressive citizenship.

FRANK E. ROGERS.

With the history of progress in northwestern Oregon the name of Frank E. Rogers
is closely associated and in his demise Yamhill county lost one of its representative
merchants and prominent financiers. His entire life was spent in this part of the state
and his industry and enterprise were factors in general development and improvement
as well as in individual success. In all of his business transactions he was enterprising
and progressive and his integrity and reliability in business affairs was ever un-
questioned.

Mr. Rogers was born in Yamhill county, near McMinnville, April 2, 1S67, and was
a son of J. William and Mary (Henderson) Rogers, natives of Indiana, who in an
early day crossed the plains with ox teams to Oregon. They settled in Yamhill county,
near the present site of McMinnville, where the father took up a donation claim,
which he cleared and improved and continued active in its cultivation the remainder of
his life. The mother is also deceased, her demise occurring about 1870.

Their son, Frank E. Rogers, was reared in his native county and pursued his
education in the public schools of McMinnville, later attending college at that place. At
the age of fourteen, however, he entered the business world as clerk in a drug store,
and finding the work congenial he continued therein until he had mastered every detail
of the business, at length becoming a registered pharmacist. In 1889, in association with
his brother, John L. Rogers, he opened a drug store in McMinnville which he conducted
the remainder of his life. They carried a well assorted stock of drugs and druggists'
sundries and the attractive appearance of their establishment, combined with their
reliable and progressive business methods, reasonable prices and courteous treatment
of patrons, soon won for them a large trade, theirs ranking as one of the oldest drug
firms in the state. Mr. Rogers also won prominence in financial circles, becoming a
stockholder of the McMinnville National Bank in October, 1891, and in April, 1908, was
made vice president of the institution, which office he filled until his demise, besides
serving from 1903 as one of the directors. He also had farming interests in Yamhill
county and in the management of his various enterprises he was very successful, being
a man of keen business discernment and sound judgment.

On the 11th of May, 1892, Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Gortner,
a daughter of M. U. and Ellen B. (Webster) Gortner, natives of Pennsylvania. The
father was born July 2, 1841, and in young manhood devoted his attention to farming
and also clerical work. In 1876 he set out for Oregon, making a portion of the journey
by rail, and on reaching this state he first settled in Salem, Marion county, where lie
embarked in the merchandising business for a time, subsequently removing to Dayton,
Yamhill county, wliere he also conducted a store. He afterward purchased land and for
several years was active in its cultivation and improvement, and later he sold the
property and removed to McMinnville, where he engaged in the sale of farm machinery
and implements, also traveling throughout the state in that connection. Later he
turned his attention to mining and subsequently took up the real estate business,
establishing ofl5ces in the McMinnville National Bank building and continuing active
along that line until his demise. He passed away September 3, 1917, at the age of
seventy-six years, having resided in Yamhill county for a period of forty-five years,
and was a well known and highly esteemed resident of this section of the state. In
1863, in Lycoming county, Pennsylvania, he had wedded Miss Ellen B. Webster, who
died in April, 1920, when eighty-five years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Rogers became the
parents of one child, Zonweiss A., who was born December 20, 1897, and who attended the
Oregon State University, being ^ member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority. She
was married to Pierre Du Bois Mead, January 2, 1921.

In his political views Mr. Rogers was a republican and for a number of years he

HISTORY OF OREGON 339

served as a member of the school board, the cause of education ever finding in him an
earnest advocate. His fraternal connections were with the Masons, the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He passed away on
the 28th day of February, 1917, at the age of forty-nine years, nine months and twenty-
eight days, and in his demise the community lost one of its valued citizens, his asso-
ciates a faithful friend and his family a devoted husband and father. He won success,
but he was a man who leaned more upon the friendship which he gained and his
quiet domestic happiness than upon his business prominence and he was fortunate in the
possession of both of these blessings. His life was honorable and upright and his ex-
ample may well be followed by those who have regard for the things which are most
worth while in life.

Mrs. Rogers survives her husband and resides with her daughter in the fine
modern home which he erected at No. 129 North C street, in McMinnville. She retains
her interest in the drug business established by her husband and is a capable busi-
ness woman, ably looking after her interests, while her kindly nature and many
excellent traits of character have won for her a large circle of warm friends. On
Easter Sunday, March 31, 1918, one year after her husband's demise, she presented
to the Presbyterian church of McMinnville a beautiful pipe organ costing two thou-
sand dollars as a memorial to her husband, who for many years was a prominent
officer in the church.

THOMAS H. C. BRASFIELD.

Thomas H. C. Brasfield was born in Clay county, Missouri, February 11, 1856, a
son of Thomas W. R. and Elizabeth (Breckenridge) Brasfield, who were natives of
Kentucky. The father engaged in merchandising during the greater part of his life
and in an early day he removed to the west, taking up his residence at Smithville,
Clay county, Missouri, where he opened a mercantile establishment, which he con-
tinued to conduct throughout the remainder of his life, becoming one of the suc-
cessful business men of his community. He was born September 16, 1817, and died
November 8, 1873, at the age of fifty-six years. The mother's birth occurred on the
15th of April, 1819, and she passed away May 15, 1883, when sixty-four years of age.

Their son, Thomas H. C. Brasfield, was reared and educated at Smithville, Mis-
souri, and after his father's death he assisted his brother in the store, remaining at home
until 1881, when he went to Denver, Colorado, and later to Idaho and Washington.
In 1883 he came to Oregon, first locating in Linn county, where he remained for two
years, or until 1885, when he removed to Grant county and took up land, which he
cleared and developed. He also devoted considerable attention to the raising of stock
and met with good success in that line of activity. He continued to operate his
ranch for a period of seventeen years, or until 1902, when he returned to Linn
county and purchased a portion of the old Porter homestead adjoining the town of
Shedd, which he has since owned and conducted, his enterprising methods and well
directed efforts resulting in the attainment of a substantial measure of prosperity. His
farm comprises three hundred and eighty-nine acres and he leases all of the plowed
land, deriving a good income from its rental.

On the 27th of September, 1898, Mr. Brasfield was united in marriage to Miss Ida
M. Porter, a daughter of David P. and Parthena (Haley) Porter, the former a native
of Ohio and the latter of Missouri. In 1851 her father removed to Iowa, where he
resided for a year and then started across the plains to Oregon as one of a large
party traveling by means of ox teams, being six months en route. Locating in Marion
county, Mr. Porter there taught school for the first winter in one of the pioneer log
schoolhouses. Subsequently he removed to Linn county, where he took up a donation
claim of one hundred and forty-four acres located near the present site of Shedd,
which property is now owned by his son-in-law, Mr. Brasfield. He brought his land to
a high state of development and continued its cultivation throughout the remainder
of his life, becoming known as one of the substantial agriculturists of his community.
He was a public-spirited and progressive citizen and became the first county assessor
of Linn county, serving for two terms in that oflSce. He was born June 22, 1827, and his
death occurred April 23, 1889, when he was sixty-two years of age. His wife's birth
occurred on the 9th of May, 1837, and she passed away September 7, 1917, at the ad-
vanced age of eighty years. They became the parents of nine children, three of whom

340 HISTORY OF OREGON

are deceased. Their daughter, Mrs. Brasfield, was born on the old homestead in Linn
county, November 12, 1865, and by her marriage she became the mother of two children:
Thomas W. R., who was born July 25, 1901, and died five days later; and Eleanor K.,
who was born November 11, 1902, and died September 17, 1908. Mrs. Brasfield is a
stockholder in the Davis-Shedd Mercantile Company of Shedd, and she holds mem-
bership in the Methodist Episcopal church.

In his political views Mr. Brasfield is a democrat, and his fraternal connections
are with the Masons and the Eastern Star, of which organization his wife is also
a member, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian
church. He has worked diligently and persistently as the years have passed, and his
has been an active life, filled with honorable purpose and accomplishment. Since 1883
he has resided within the borders of this state.

MAJOR FRANK SEVER.

Major Frank Sever, a prominent attorney of Portland and a distinguished veteran of
the World war, was born in Carrollton, Illinois, in 1888, a son of Frank L. and Mattie
(Sinclair) Sever, the former of whom engaged in business as a contractor. When the
son was eleven years of age his father died and with his mother he came to Oregon, so
that the greater part of his lite has been spent within the borders of this state. After
fifiishing the work of the public and high schools he became a student in the Uni-
versity of Oregon, from which he was graduated on the completion of a law course
and in 1911 he was admitted to the bar. He has since continued in the practice of his
profession and in 1916 formed a partnership with Herbert A. Cooke, an association
which is still maintained. They have a well appointed suite of offices in the Dekum
building and their professional ability is winning for them a large and constantly
increasing clientage. Major Sever is a strong and able lawyer, clear and concise in
his presentation of a case, logical in his deductions and sound in his reasoning, while in
the application of legal principles he is seldom, if ever, at fault.

On the 10th of May, 1917, Major Sever was united in marriage to Miss Edith
Eschrecht, who previous to her marriage was a resident of this city. He is identified
with the Phi Alpha Delta, a legal fraternity, and also with the Press Club.

Major Sever's military record is a distinguished one. For twelve years he was
a member of the National Guard, becoming captain of Company D of the Third
Infantry. He is also a veteran of the World war, enlisting in May, 1917. He was
sent to the officers' training camp at the Presidio at San Francisco, California, and at
the end of three months' training was commissioned captain. He was then sent to
Camp Lewis, Washington, where he remained for nine months. He spent ten months
in France, during the greater part of which time he had charge of the Third Battalion
of the Three Hundred and Sixty-third Infantry. He participated in the battle of St.
Mihiel and other fiercely contested engagements, in which he was gassed, also receiving
shrapnel wounds which necessitated his removal to a hospital. For distinguished service
on the field of battle he was awarded the Belgian Croix de Guerre on the 31st of
October, 1918, and following his discharge from the service on the 17th of May, 1919,
he was commissioned major. He is now serving as adjutant of Portland Lodge, No. 1,
of the American Legion, which he was active in organizing. Although a young man
he has already won an enviable position in the ranks of the legal fraternity of Port-
land and Multnomah county and his spirit of enterprise and determination is carrying
him steadily forward toward the goal of his ambition. His life has ever been guided
by high and honorable principles, and he stands today as a splendid example of Amer-
ican manhood and citizenship.

RUFUS M. RUSSELL.

Rufus M. Russell, county clerk of Linn county, was born at Sutter, California,
January 14, 1884, a son of August P. and Harriet E. (Rarrick) Russell, the former a
native of Maine and the latter of California. When eighteen years of age the father
went to California during the gold rush of 1849, making the journey in a sailing vessel

HISTORY OF OREGON 341

by way of Cape Horn. He engaged in placer mining in that state and later took up
the work of draying and teaming. Subsequently he followed farming in the Sacra-
mento valley until 1S89, when owing to ill health he sought a change of climate and
came to Oregon, settling in Douglas county. He resided in that locality for ten years
and then removed to Linn county, purchasing a farm at Shelburn, where he lived
until the fall of 1909, when he purchased a farm at Macleay, Marion county, where he
resided until he took up his residence in the city of Salem, Oregon, a few months prior
to his death, which occurred in March, 1919, when he was eighty-five years old. He
first married Sarah Rarrick and they became the parents of three children: Ella, who
is now Mrs. Oscar Lybecker; Amelia, who married Jay Harris; and Edward. Mrs.
Russell passed away when her oldest child was but ten years of age and Mr. Russell
later wedded her sister, Harriet E. Rarrick, by whom he had fourteen children, three
of whom are deceased. Frankie, the first born, died at the age of seven years and
Jess and Avery met accidental deaths while in the employ of the Spaulding Logging
Company, the former dying in Juite, 1915, and the latter in 1901. Those who survive
are: Rainous 0., Robert W., Rutus M., Arch L., Earl, Theron, Homer, Mrs. Etta Todd,
Mrs. Verda Lentz, Mrs. Alma Lentz, and Mrs. Inis Lathrop. In addition to rearing
her own large family Mrs. Russell also tenderly cared for the three children of her
sister, upon whom she bestowed the affection of a mother. She passed away in Novem-
ber, 1918, when sixty-five years of age.

Rufus M. Russell has spent practically his entire life in Oregon, for he was but
five years of age when he was brought by his parents to this state. He attended the
district schools of Linn county and subsequently completed a commercial course in
Albany College, from which he was graduated in 1907. He then assisted his father
in farming until 1909, when he secured a position as stenographer in the office of the
county clerk, later becoming chief deputy. In 1914 he was elected to the office of
county clerk, in which office he is serving his fourth consecutive term.

It was on the 14th of April, 1915, that Mr. Russell was united in marriage to Miss
Goldia Jones, only child of Edward and Minnie (McDonald) Jones, both natives of
Oregon, and both born in Linn county. The father is engaged in farming and stock
raising at Shelburn, Linn county, and has won a substantial measure of success in the
conduct of his business affairs. The mother also survives and both are highly re-
spected citizens and honored pioneers of the state.

Mr. Russell is a republican in political belief and on that ticket was elected to
his present position as county clerk of Linn county, which is sixty-five per cent republi-
can. His fraternal connections are with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias, and
his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Presbyterian church. He is
likewise a member of the Albany Chamber of Commerce, in which connection he is
aiding materially in promoting the upbuilding and advancement of the community
in which he makes his home. For thirty-one years Mr. Russell has been a resident
of Oregon and has therefore been an interested witness of much of the growth and
development of the state, and he is numbered in Albany as one of its progressive and
reliable citizens, enjoying the friendship, confidence and regard of all with whom he
has been

L. CARROLL DAY.

L. Carroll Day is conducting the Modern Conservatory of Music and Kindred Arts,
which ranks with the leading schools of this character not only in Portland but in the
entire state. Mr. Day is the possessor of considerable artistic talent and from the
age of eight years has devoted his life to the study of music. Each department of
the school is in charge of a thoroughly competent instructor and the best methods of
teaching are employed, the students of the conservatory receiving the most thorough
and efficient training.

Mr. Day is one of Oregon's native sons, for he was born in the city in which he
now resides, his parents being Harry L. and Carrie (Westfall) Day, the former a native
of Ohio and the latter of Oregon, the mother's family becoming early pioneers of this
state. L. Carroll Day completed a high school course and from an early age has de-
voted his life to the study of music, being thoroughly appreciative of its beauties. His
favorite instrument is the piano and he has done orchestral work in all of the leading
theaters of Portland, finishing his training under Viola Goodwin, of Chicago. He is a

342 HISTORY OF OREGON

skilled artist and for three years has been organist at Trinity Methodist Episcopal
church. He is also the possessor of a fine baritone voice, finishing his vocal instruc-
tion with G. Taglieri, a leading teacher of this city. The Modern Conservatory of
Music and Kindred Arts is located at No. 148 Thirteenth street, occupying a building
fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions, consisting of a recital hall and studios. Its
curriculum includes instruction in vocal and instrumental music, classical dancing
and all kindred arts. Fifteen thoroughly competent teachers are employed and there
are Wednesday evening classes in voice-building exercises, sight singing, etc., while
each Monday evening the Apollo Club holds its meetings in the large assembly hall.
The school now has an average of one hundred and fifty pupils who here receive the
best of instruction, its graduates being finished artists and it ranks among the leading
institutions of the kind in the northwest.

In 1915 Mr. Day was united in marriage to Miss Ella M. Morehead of Portland,
and they have become the parents of a son, Carroll Richard Day. Mr. Day is a member
of the Oregon Music Teachers' Association and is also prominent in Masonry, belong-
ing to the Knights Templars Commandery and to the Chanters of the Mystic Shrine.
He stands high in musical circles of Portland and the northwest and as head of one of
the leading conservatories in this part of the country he is doing much to foster a love
of and appreciation for music and the higher and more ennobling things in life, which
play so important a part in elevating public standards and raising mankind to a higher
plane of existence. He is a man of many fine personal characteristics and wherever
known is held in the highest esteem.

HON. WILLIAM T. VINTON.

Those forces which have contributed most to the development, improvement and
benefit of the state of Oregon have received impetus from the labors of Hon. William
T. Vinton, whose life record has been a credit and honor to the state which has
honored him. He has been the author of much beneficial legislation and as a mem-
ber of the state senate he left the impress of his individuality indelibly upon the his-
tory of Oregon, earnestly supporting those measures undertaken for improving the
public highways and public utilities and facilities in general. He has ever regarded a
man in public office as a servant of the people and has used his influence to carry out
the will of his constituents, never employing his natural talents unworthily nor sup-
porting dishonorable causes. He is also an eminent representative of the legal fra-
ternity, practicing as a member of the well known law firm of Vinton & Tooze at
McMinnville.

Mr. Vinton is a native of Wisconsin. He was born in Fond du Lac on the 16th
of January, 1865, and is a son of John and Harriet (Collier) Vinton, the former a
native of Wales and the latter of the state of New York. The father emigrated to
America in young manhood and when eighteen years of age, in company with his
father and brothers, he made his way to Wisconsin and there took up land, the present
metropolitan city of Milwaukee being at that time but a village. He continued to
engage in farming in that state until 1874, when he removed to Iowa, purchasing land
in Linn county, and this he continued to cultivate and improve until his demise. He
was born December 25, 1S19, and passed away in 1903 at the age of eighty-four years,
while the mother's death occurred in December, 1918.

Their son, William T. Vinton, was reared in Linn county, Iowa, in the vicinity of
Central City, attending the public schools and the normal school at Columbus Junc-
tion Iowa, while later he entered Lenox College, from which he was graduated with
the class of 1SS8. He then came to Oregon and for thirteen months engaged in teach-
ing school in Sherman county, after which he removed to McMinnville, where he fol-
lowed the profession of teaching for about five years, during which period he also
read law with James McCain. He was admitted to the bar in November, 1S92, and
Immediately thereafter opened an oflSce in McMinnville, where for a year he prac-
ticed independently. He then formed a partnership with Mr. McCain under the firm
style of McCain & Vinton, which association was maintained until the death of the
senior partner in August, 1919. In the following October Mr. Vinton became associated
in practice with Walter L. Tooze, Jr., under the firm style of Vinton & Tooze, and their
legal ability and solid attainments have won for them an extensive and varied clientele.
Mr. Vinton is well versed in the law and his standing before the court is an enviable

HON. WILLIAM T. VINTON

HISTORY OF OREGON 345

one. Of a logical mind, he readily combats opposing counsel in legal battle and quickly
penetrates the weak points of the other side. He holds to the highest professional
ideals and is careful to conform his practice to advanced legal standards. He is a man
of high professional attainments and is the owner of one of the largest law libraries
in western Oregon which greatly assists him in his legal work. He has great faith
in the future of this section of the country and has invested in business and residence
property in McMinnville and is also the owner of two valuable farms in Yamhill county.

In January, 1893, Mr. Vinton was united in marriage to Miss Minnie M. Wood, a
daughter of William H. and Mary E. (Carter) Wood, natives of Missouri. In an early
day her parents crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in Yamhill county, where the
father took up land. This he cleared and developed, continuing active in its operation
throughout the remainder of his life. He passed away in November, 1919, but the
mother survives, making her home upon one of her husband's farms. Mr. and Mrs.
Vinton have no children of their own but are rearing an adopted child, Gale B., who was
born April 20, 1903, and is now attending school. They also reared a little girl, who
has now grown to womanhood and has become the wife of William Thorns, residing
at Madras, where he is cultivating a farm owned by Mr. Vinton.

In his political views Mr. Vinton is a stalwart republican, active in his support
of the principles and candidates of that party. He has been called upon for important
public service and in 1914 was chosen to represent his district in the state senate,
where he rendered most valuable service, giving close and thoughtful consideration to
all of the vital questions which came up for settlement and introducing many import-
ant measures which have since found their way to the statute books of the state. In
1919 he was made president of the state senate, in which connection he served for one
month as chief executive of the state during the absence of Governor Olcott in 1920.
His record is that of one of the most fair and impartial presiding ofRcers that has ever
conducted the affairs of the upper house and he enjoyed in fullest measure the esteem
and personal regard of his political opponents as well as his adherents. He is much
interested in the improvement of the public highways, realizing their importance as a
factor in developing the resources of the country, and in 1917 he aided largely in carry-
ing through to a successful termination the bond issue of Yamhill county, speaking in
behalf of the measure in every schoolhouse within the borders of the county. While
serving as a member of the state senate, in association with Walter Price and Ira
Smith, he framed the soldiers' relief bill, which was passed during fhe regular session
of 1919 and which has proven of inestimable benefit to hundreds of ex-soldiers. Studious
by nature, he has given deep consideration to all public questions affecting his com-
munity, county and state and in his public service he has ever looked beyond the
exigencies of the moment to the opportunities and possibilities of the future. He is a
most loyal and patriotic American and during the war with Germany rendered valu-
able service to the government as chairman of the advisory board for Yamhill county.
Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Loyal Order of Moose, the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Masons, belonging to the chapter in the
last named organization, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in
the Methodist Episcopal church. His life has largely been one of public service and at
all times he has been actuated by an unselfish spirit of devotion to the general good.
He is a man of high ideals and exalted standards of citizenship, whose irreproachable
character and incorruptible integrity fully entitle him to the unqualified esteem of all
with whom he has been brought in contact.

R. B. GOODIN.

R. B. Goodin, who since June 3, 1913, has served as secretary of the state board of
control, in which connection he has charge of the purchase of supplies for all of the
state institutions, has proven most efficient in the discharge of the impertant duties
thus devolving upon him, for he is a man of sound business Judgment and is thoroughly
capable and reliable in the management of the interests entrusted to his care. Mr.
Goodin is a native of Canada. He was born forty-five miles south of Ottawa, November
4, 1852, a son of John and Margaret (Bennett) Goodin, natives of Ireland. In 1873
they came west to Oregon, locating in Washington county, and the father engaged in
business as a contractor and builder, in which he was very successful. In January,
1902, they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary and on the 14th of November,

346 HISTORY OF OREGON

1916, the father passed away at Portland, being at that time over eighty-eight years
of age, while the mother's demise occurred on a farm six miles from Hillsboro, Oregon,
on the 14th of November, 1902. They had become the parents of eight children.

Of this family R. B. Goodin remained with his parents until twenty-five years of
age and on starting out in life independently he engaged in farming and other pur-
suits until 1S87, when he accepted a position with T. R. Cornelius, with whom he re-
mained for seven years. On the expiration of that period he was elected county clerk
of Washington county, in which he served for two terms, and while residing in Hills-
boro he filled the position of mayor for one term. In 1907 he came to Salem, becoming
connected with the Oregon State Hospital as supervisor and chief accountant of all
outside departments. On the 3d of June. 1913, the governor, secretary of state and
state treasurer, constituting the state board of control, nominally elected Mr. Goodin
secretary, he being the first incumbent in that office. He is the executive head of the
board, by act of which he has charge of the buying for all of the state institutions.
This is a most responsible position, requiring a keen, intelligent business man, and he
is proving fully equal to the demands made upon him in this connection, being shrewd,
systematic and unquestionably honest, and his services are of great value to the state.

On the 15th of October, 1S78, Mr. Goodin was united in marriage to Miss Elma
Freeman, a daughter of Walter Freeman, a pioneer of 1852, and they became the
parents of three children: Lena, who is matron of the "Cedars," the state detention
home at Portland, Oregon; Lillian, a widow, who is a nurse by profession and is resid-
ing with her sister Lena; and Florence, the wife of A. B. Goodmiller, who is connected
with the Northern Pacific Railroad at Seattle, Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Goodmiller
have one child, Bilbry. Mrs. Goodin passed away August 2, 1895, and Mr. Goodin
subsequently married Ella E. Buck, a native of Portland. They have become the
parents of two children: Margaret, who is a student at the State University at Eugene;
and R. B., Jr., who is attending the Salem high school.

Mr. Goodin is a public-spirited citizen whose influence is ever on the side o£ advance-
ment and improvement. He has ever endeavored to discharge his official duties to the
best of his ability, proving at all times, prompt, capable and thoroughly trustworthy.
He has a wide circle of friends in the state and is the possessor of many sterling traits
of character which have won for him the respect and esteem of all with whom he has
been associated.

EMIL E. CARROLL.

Emil E. Carroll, who since 1913 has been engaged in the drug business in Harris-
burg, where his enterprising methods and reliability have won for him a good patron-
age, is a native son of the state and comes of distinguished ancestry, the family record
being traced back to Charles Carroll, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independ-
ence. Mr. Carroll was born in Union county, December 15, 1890, a son of Joel Marion
and Mary F. (Lenhart) Carroll, the former a native of Iowa and the latter of Missouri.
The father was but three years of age when his parents crossed the plains to Oregon,
casting in their lot with the pioneer settlers of this state. They were the third family
to locate in Union county and there the grandfather took up a claim of government
land, which by arduous and unremitting toil he at length brought to a high state of
development, continuing to operate his ranch throughout his remaining years. He
passed away in 1910 at the very advanced age of ninety-five years, and his wife's demise
occurred in 1895. when she had reached the age of seventy-five years. They were highly
esteemed and respected in their community as pioneer settlers who shared in the hard-
ships and privations of frontier life and aided in laying broad and deep the foundation
upon which has been built the present progress and prosperity of the commonwealth.

Their son, Joel M. Carroll, the youngest in a family of fourteen children, was reared
and educated in Union, Oregon, later completing a law course in the Oregon State Uni-
versity at Eugene. Following his admission to the bar he opened an office in Union
and there engaged in practice the remainder of his life, being accorded an extensive
clientage which his solid attainments well merited. He ever conformed his practice
to the highest ethical standards of the profession and was widely recognized as an
able minister in the temple of justice. He was a man of prominence in his commun-
ity, serving as mayor of Union and also holding other public offices of trust, the duties
of which he discharged most conscientiously and efficiently. He passed away in 1900

HISTORY OF OREGON 347

at the comparatively early age of forty-two years, and his demise was deeply regretted
by a large circle of friends, for he was a man of sterling worth whose ideals of life
were high and who utilized every opportunity that enabled him to climb to their level.
His wife survived him for eleven years, her demise occurring in 1911.

Emil E. Carroll was reared and educated at Union and later pursued a course in
pharmacy in the Oregon Agricultural College, from which he was graduated with the
class of 1910. For a time he assisted his cousin in the conduct of a drug business at
Junction City, Oregon, and in 1913 removed to Harrisburg, where he opened a drug
store which he has since operated. He carries a large stock of drugs and druggists'
sundries and the neat and tasteful arrangement of his store, combined with his reliabil-
ity, progressive methods and fair dealing, has won for him a most gratifying patronage.

On the 16th of February, 1917, Mr. Carroll was united in marriage to Miss Meldon
A. Springgate and they have become the parents of a daughter. Francetta B., who was
born April 25, 1919. Mr. Carroll gives his political allegiance to the republican party
and his fraternal connections are with the Masons and the Modern "Woodmen of Amer-
ica. In the conduct of his business affairs he has displayed sound judgment and his
energy and enterprise have gained him recognition as one of the substantial and valued
residents of his community.

ALONZO E. BURGHDUFF.

Alonzo E. Burghduff, who since the 19th of May, 1920, has filled the office of state
game warden of Oregon, is a native of Iowa and a representative of an old Amsterdam
family. He was born in Marshalltown, Iowa, in 1880 and is a son of William and
Mary (Essington) Burghduff, the former a native of New York and the latter of Ohio.
For a number of years the father followed farming in Iowa, but is now living retired
in Seattle, Washington.

Following the completion of his high school course Alonzo E. Burghduff enlisted
for service in the Spanish-American war In 1898, becoming a member of the Forty-ninth
Iowa Infantry, and was detailed to garrison duty at Havana, Cuba. After receiving his
discharge from the service he took up the work of electrical engineering in Iowa, where
he resided until 1902, which year witnessed his arrival in Portland. Here he entered
the employ of the Oregon Water Power & Railway Company, with which he was con-
nected for five years and in 1907 he became identified with the Home Telephone Com-
pany, engaging in construction work. His faithful service and efficiency soon won him
promotion and he rose to the position of superintendent, remaining with that firm until
1917. In that year he enlisted for service in the World war and was sent to the
officers' training camp at the Presidio in California. In October of that year he was
commissioned first lieutenant in the Signal Corps and was at once sent to Prance,
being connected with construction work in relation to telegraph and telephone lines
on all the fighting fronts. He traveled by motor many thousands of miles in accom-
plishing this task and was made captain in July, 1918, while in March, 1919, he won
promotion to the rank of major under General Russell, chief of staff of the Signal
Corps. After the signing of the armistice he remained in France until March, 1919,
being engaged in the work of salvaging the undestroyed material. He was mustered
out of the service in April, 1919, and now holds the rank of major of the Officers' Re-
serve Corps. He has a most commendable military record and one of which he may
well feel proud, distinguished by gallant service in two of the -nation's wars. Upon
again taking up the pursuits of private life he resumed his work as an electrical
engineer and on the 19th of May, 1920, was appointed by the game commissioner of
Oregon to the office of state game warden and is most efficiently discharging his duties
in this connection. He maintains his offices in the Oregon building, where he employs
five persons and has under his charge one hundred and twenty game wardens and other
state employes. He gives careful oversight to every detail of the work connected with
his department and is most capably looking after the game interests of the state, his
official record being a highly creditable one.

In 1902 Mr. Burghduff was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Dean of Iowa, and
they reside in an attractive home at No. 802 Nelson street, of which Mr. Burghduff
is the owner. In his political views he is a stanch republican, active in support of
the principles and candidates of the party. He is prominent in the Masonic order,
being a past master of his lodge and also belonging to the Consistory and Shrine. He

.■!48 HISTORY OF OREGON

is a member of Portland Post of the American Legion and of the Spanish-American
War Veterans and is also identified with the Acacia, Salmon and Multnomah Anglers
Clubs, being a past president of the last two organizations. His record is a most
commendable one, characterized by devotion to duty in every relation and he stands
as a high type of American manhood and chivalry.

WALTER L. TOOZE, Jr.

Walter L. Tooze, Jr., member of the firm of Vinton & Tooze, well known attorneys
of llcMinnville, has frequently been called upon for public service in the line of
his profession and is also a leader in political circles in the state. A native of Oregon
and a worthy rep.esentative of one of its honored pioneer families, he was born at
Butteville in Marion county, February 24, 1S87, the eldest son of Walter L. and Sadie
A. (Barnes) Tooze, the former born in Ohio, November 25, 1860, while the latter was
a native of Missouri, born January 1, 1868. The father came to Oregon in 1877, when
a youth of sixteen years, settling in Yamhill county, where he engaged in teaching
school until 1884. He then went to Butteville and there followed merchandising until
1887, when he removed to Woodburn, and was connected with the brokerage business
until 1907. In that year he removed to Falls City, Polk county, engaging in general
merchandising until June, 1910, when he removed to Salem, where he is now residing,
and the mother also survives. He occupies a prominent position in political circles
of Oregon and several times was chairman of the republican state convention. In
1895 he was a delegate to the national republican convention at Denver which nom-
inated William McKinley for president and during the last republican campaign was
a member of the state central committee and special representative in eastern Oregon.
He was state chairman of the Hughes Alliance and for the past two terms has been
reading clerk of the state senate. He is a noted orator and has canvassed the state
in the interests of the republican party during every political campaign for the past
thirty years, thus aiding greatly in promoting the success of that party. While resid-
ing at Woodburn he served as postmaster under the administrations of Presidents
McKinley and Roosevelt and he is one of the best known men in public life in the
state, his services being most valuable and important.

His son, Walter L. Tooze, Jr., was reared in Woodburn and there attended the
public schools and for one year was a high school student. He next entered Mount
Angel College, where he spent a year, and during the next two years he was a student
in the Bishop Scott Military Academy at Portland, after which he attended the River-
view Academy of that city for a year. Desirous of becoming a member of the legal
fraternity, he entered the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor,
from which he was graduated with the class of 1908. Immediately following his ad-
mission to the bar of Oregon he opened an office in the Wilson building in Dalla's,
where he continued in practice until the 8th of May, 1917, when he enlisted for
service in the World war and was sent to the officers' training camp at the presidio
at San Francisco, California. He was commissioned captain and assigned to the
Ninety-first division but was not sent overseas, receiving his discharge at Camp Grant,
Illinois, July 13, 1919, after twenty-six months of service. Twin brothers of Mr.
Tooze, Leslie 0. and Lamar E., were also members of his division, the former meet-
ing death in the terrific struggle in the Argonne forest, while the latter is now a
student at Harvard. Mr. Tooze also has one sister surviving, L. Ethel, who is the
wife of Walter Fisher and resides at Roseburg, Oregon. After receiving his discharge
from military service Mr, Tooze spent four months in traveling in various parts of
the United States in behalf of the republican party, and on the 1st of November, 1919,
he formed a law partnership with State Senator W. T. Vinton at McMinnville, taking
the place in the McMinnville firm of McCain & Vinton of the late James McCain, one
of the pioneer attorneys of the state of Oregon, and during his life-time deemed one
of the best practitioners before the bar of this state. Vinton & Tooze are able attorneys,
well informed in all branches of the law, and have built up a large and representative
clientage. Mr. Tooze has been admitted to practice in Michigan and in the United
States supreme court.

On the 27th of June, 1908, at Somerset, Hillsdale county, Michigan, Mr. Tooze was
united in marriage to Miss Ruth Belden Smith, who was born in Eaton Rapids,
Michigan, on the 1st day of July, 1887. She is a daughter of DeLos and Harriet

HISTORY OF OREGON 351

(Belden) Smith, both natives of Somerset township, Hillsdale county, Michigan. The
father was born September 10, 1S49, and for fourteen years was a well-to-do and
prosperous farmer, passing away at Somerset, November 6, 1908. Following his demise
the mother came to Oregon and is now a resident of Dallas. The mother is a descend-
ant of Richard Belden, who settled in Connecticut in the year 1650. Her grandfather,
Jeremiah Belden, was a son of Joseph Belden, who served in the Revolutionary war
from 1775 to 1780. Her grandfather took up a homestead In Hillsdale county, Mich-
igan, in 1835 and from that date until the death of DeLos Smith this land remained
the home of the Belden family. Mrs. Tooze is the younger of two children born to
her parents, her brother being Floyd Elmer, whose birth occurred November 6, 1880.
To Mr. and Mrs. Tooze has been born a son, Walter L., (Ill), whose birth occurred
on the 9th of October, 1912.

Mr. Tooze is a stanch republican in his political views and has done important
work in behalf of the party, in whose ranks he is a recognized leader, as is also his
distinguished father. From 1910 to 1918 he served as republican state committeeman
from Polk county and in 1920 was elected state committeeman from Yamhill county.
He was a member of the republican state campaign executive committee in 1914,
1916 and 1920. In 1916 he was made the head of the publicity department in the
campaign for Hughes and was elected a delegate to the republican national convention
held at Chicago in July, 1920, receiving a majority of seven thousand votes over his
opponent. He carried sixteen of the seventeen counties comprised in his district and
was pledged under the Oregon primary law to support Johnson at the convention,
which pledge he faithfully carried out. He was subsequently requested by Will Hays,
chairman of the national campaign committee, to report at Chicago and take part in
the campaign in the east and middle west. He has acquired a reputation as a force-
ful public speaker and since 1910 has been active in campaign work. Mr. Tooze has
frequently been called upon for service along the line of his profession and from
1909 until 1917 was attorney for Polk county in connection with the state land board.
From 1909 until 1913 he served as city attorney of Dallas, also filling that position
at Falls City from 1909 until 1917 with the exception of two years, from 1911 until
1913, when he was appointed deputy district attorney under Gale S. Hill of Albany.
In April, 1921, he was tendered an appointment as special assistant attorney general
of the United States, but declined, owing to his desire to remain in Oregon, his native
state. For eight years he served as a member of the National Guard, holding every
rank up to that of captain. He is a member of the American Legion and was a dele-
gate to the Minneapolis convention in 1919 and also attended the convention held
at Cleveland, Ohio, in September, 1920. While residing at Dallas he became the or-
ganizer of the Commercial Club in 1910, serving as its secretary for four years, and
it was owing to his efforts that the armory was erected at that place. His social
nature finds expression in his membership in the University Club of Tacoma and La
Creole Club of Dallas and he is also identified wtih the Benevolent Protective Order
of Elks, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, the United Artisans, and the Woodmen of the World, while his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. There is
no feature of public life having to do with the welfare and progress of the community
in which he is not deeply and helpfully interested. He is yet a young man but he has
already accomplished much and his ambition and energy will carry him steadily for-
ward. He has attained an enviable position in professional circles and in public
affairs and McMinnville is fortunate in numbering him among its citizens.

V. P. FISKE.

V. P. Fiske, who since 1914 has served as postmaster of Dallas, is a representa-
tive of one of the honored pioneer families of Oregon. He has spent his entire life
in Oregon and has witnessed much of its growth and development, his memory forming
a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present. He was
born in Roseburg, Douglas county, July 19, 1S62, and is a son of Rufus and Charlotte
(Grubbe) Fiske, the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of Missouri. The
father was a physician and in pioneer times crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in
Roseburg. Subsequently he returned to the east and served throughout the entire
period of the Civil war, doing hospital work at Washington, D. C. At the close of

352 III.STORY Of^ OREGON

hostilities he again made his way to Oregon, taking up his residence in Salem, where
he continued to practice his profession throughout the remainder of his life. He was
one of the pioneer physicians of the northwest and in the performance of his pro-
fessional duties endured many dangers, privations and hardships. His sltill and ability
soon gained him prominence and he became widely known throughout the state, where
his services were much in demand, his practice covering a territory of one hundred
and fifty square miles, which at that time was in a wild and undeveloped state, the
roads being almost impassable. He never neglected a call to duty and was greatly
loved and respected by the early settlers of the state because of his heroic and unselfish
work in their behalf. He became a member of the first medical faculty of Willamette
University and was recognized as an eminent representative of his profession. He
passed away in 1876, but the mother is yet living.

Their son, V. P. Piske, attended the public schools of his native state and later
pursued a course of study in Willamette University at Salem. There he later learned
the printer's trade, which he followed in various parts of the state for some time, be-
ing for a period connected with the Oregonian at Portland. In 1882 he founded the
Capital Democrat at Salem, but conducted the paper only through the political campaign.
In 188.3 he arrived in Dallas and purchased the Itemizer, of which he is still the owner,
although he now leases the plant, which he has equipped with all the latest presses
and machinery, so that it is one of the most modern in this part of the state. In 1914
he was appointed postmaster at Dallas, in which office he has since served, proving
faithful, prompt and efficient in the discharge of his duties. Mr. Fiske has also invested
in farm lands and is successfully cultivating a fine prune orchard. His interests and
activities are thus varied in character and his life has been a busy and useful one,
characterized by energy, determination and industry.

In June, 1884, Mr. Fiske was united in marriage to Miss Hester Rowell and they
became the parents of five children, namely: Vivian, who died in 1913; Ruby, who is
the wife of Floyd Meyers, a farmer residing in Polk county; Buena, who is employed
as a stenographer and resides at home; Roxana, also at home; and Georgiana, who is
a post office employe.

In his political views Mr. Fiske is a stalwart democrat and for several terms has
served as a member of the city council. Fraternally he is identified with the Eastern
Star, the Woodmen of the World, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of
the Maccabees, the Artisans and the Circle, in all of which he has served as presiding
officer, and is also connected with the Masons. He is a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal church, of which he has served as financial secretary for a number of years
and is an earnest worker in its behalf. He is widely and favorably known in Polk
county, where he has resided for a period of thirty-seven years, and is recognized as a
representative business man and public-spirited citizen, loyal to the best interests of
the community.

H. W. STONE.

H. W. Stone, secretary of the Portland Young Men's Christian Association, was
born at Mount Pleasant, Iowa, November 7, 1868. His father, David Stone, was a
native of England, who came to America in the late '40s and settled in New York, but
afterward removed to Ohio and still later became a resident of Aurora, Illinois. In
1870 he established his home in Nebraska and there surveyed a town site, to which
his wife gave the name of Aurora, in honor of their former Illinois home. In the
new Nebraska town Mr. Stone carried on general merchandising, conducting a retail
business until 1876, when he moved to Omaha and opened a grocery store. Sub-
sequently he sold out and placed his money at interest. He then went to Colorado,
but not finding conditions as he anticipated in that state he removed to Port Worth,
Texas, where he organized a loan company, conducting that undertaking till the time
of his death in 1890. He married Elizabeth Reardon, a native of Ireland, who settled
in Aurora, Illinois, in an early day, and there engaged in school teaching. Following
the death of her husband she made her home with her son, H. W. Stone of this re-
view, until her own demise, which occurred in Portland in 1908.

H. W. Stone was educated in the Kansas State Agricultural College, at Manhattan,
and was there graduated in 1S92. He pursued a four years' scientific course and a
year prior to its completion organized the Young Men's Christian Association, at

HISTORY OF OREGON 353

Fort Worth, Texas, and was the first general secretary there. His interest in this
worlt was incited by the address of a young college student who aroused such en-
thusiasm that a religious revival was held, and Mr. Stone became converted and re-
signed a position with a salary o£ three thousand dollars a year, to take up Y. M. C. A.
work at forty dollars a month. His desire to help save young men was paramount
to his desire to acquire wealth and some of the young men whom he guided to the
right road are leaders in the Y. M. C. A. work today. Mr. Stone went from Fort Worth
to Kansas and assisted in promoting the work there. He also served as state secre-
tary in Nebraska for a year and then removed to Sioux City, Iowa, where under his
direction and guidance the Young Men's Christian Association was freed from debt.
While there he became interested in educational work, in connection with other fea-
tures of the Y. M. C. A. While in Sioux City he received a call from Portland, Oregon,
to take charge of the work here. It was through W. M. Ladd that Mr. Stone was sent
to Portland, as the former had asked the International Association to find a secretary
who could establish the security of the organization in the northwest. Mr. Stone ar-
rived on the 1st of March, 1896, and found the association in rented rooms at First
and Salmon streets, doing a mission type of work. At the end of two months he
closed those rooms and spent a year and a half in reorganizing the work, raising fifty
thousand dollars for new quarters, which were built at Yamhill and Fourth streets.
After four years they erected a four-story structure on this same site. In 1907 this
was sold, as it was inadequate, and Mr. Stone raised three hundred and fifty thousand
dollars for the present building. The old building was sold for one hundred and
seventy-five thousand dollars, which amount was used in the present building, located
at Sixth and Taylor streets. This property is now worth over a million dollars. The
building is eight stories and basement and is the largest Y. M. C. A. west of Chicago.
There are more men students attending classes here than at all of the denominational
and private colleges in the state. Mr. Stone has over forty secretaries under his direc-
tion and there are more than one hundred and fifty people who are giving their full
time to Y. M. C. A. work in Portland. The educational department is operated under
the name of the Oregon Institute of Technology. Mr. Stone is chairman of the board
of governors for the United States and Canada, of the Educational Council, and there
are one hundred and seventeen thousand male students in the two countries. The
schools are mainly vocational and the finest electrical school on the coast is in the
Association building in Portland. Salesmanship is another of their specialties and
the student graduates in this with a regulation diploma. Mr. Stone believes this institu-
tion will inevitably develop into a national university in the near future. Even he
did not dream of the scope of the work when he undertook it, but as the years have
passed it has steadily grown and developed under his guidance and his labors have
been of inestimable benefit in the northwest in promoting the physical, Intellectual and
moral progress of young men.

When twenty-two years of age Mr. Stone was united in marriage to Miss Mattie
Johnson of Kansas and they are now parents of four children: Ruth M. ; Gertrude,
who is the wife of Dr. R. F. White, and the mother of one boy, David; Paul David,
who is married to Winona Lambert of Portland; and Harry W., now twelve years of
age, and attending school. Mr. Stone has never regretted his determination to give up
a remunerative position and enter upon the work to which he has devoted his life.
He has long recognized the value of character building and has made a close study of
boys, their psychology, their interests and their ambitions. A sympathetic nature,
ready tact and high ideals, have been the salient features in his success as an Associa-
tion worker. In this connection he is known throughout the country and the Portland
organization, with its wide field of influence, is the monument to his efforts and ability.

NEWTON I. MORRISON.

Actuated at all points in his career by a progressive spirit and firm determination
that have enabled him to overcome all difficulties and obstacles in his path, Newton I.
Morrison is now occupying an enviable position in business circles of Scio as pro-
prietor of a hardware and implement establishment. He is also conducting an undertak-
ing business and in the control of his various interests is meeting with gratifying
success. He was born in Chautauqua county. New York, December 21, 1862, a son
of John P. and Amanda 0. (Carey) Morrison, the former a native of Pennsylvania

Vol. 11—2 3

354 HISTORY OF OREGON

and the latter of Chautauqua county. New York. For many years the father followed
farming in New York and subsequently he went to Kansas, and there resided until about
1912. In that year he came to Oregon, taking up his abode in Dallas, where he continued
to make his home throughout the remainder of his life. He passed away December 25,
1914, while the mother's demise occurred in the Sunflower state about 1884.

Their son, Newton I. Morrison, was reared and educated in Chautauqua county,
New York, and after his graduation from high school he became a student at the For-
estville Free Academy. He remained with his parents until he had attained his ma-
jority and then learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for some time, when
he went to Kansas and there was in charge of construction work until 1886. In that year
he came to Oregon and on the 1st of May arrived in Salem, where he engaged in con-
tracting, subsequently removing to Dallas, and there he followed the same line of work
for a considerable period. At length he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits,
taking up land in Linn county, which he cleared and developed, and later purchased
adjoining land until in time he became the owner of three hundred and twenty acres. By
untiring effort and perseverance he transformed his holdings into a valuable and pro-
ductive farm, which he continued to operate for a period of twenty years, and is still
the owner of two hundred acres thereof. He likewise engaged in raising sheep and
goats and became one of the prominent stock raisers of his section of the state, handling
pure bred Jersey cattle and Poland China hogs, his operations along that line proving most
successful. In 1908 Mr. Morrison removed to Scio, where for some time he conducted
a planing mill and then entered his present field of activity as the proprietor of a hard-
ware and implement business. He carries a large and well assorted stock and his enter-
prising methods, reasonable prices and courteous treatment of customers have secured
for him a large patronage. He also conducts an undertaking establishment and his
efforts along this line have met with pronounced success, for he is a man of keen
business discernment and sound judgment who carries forward to successful completion
whatever he undertakes. Mr. Morrison owns the building in which his business is con-
ducted and is a most progressive citizen.

In January, 1884, occurred the marriage of Newton I. Morrison and Miss Naomi
J. Rhodes and they became the parents of a daughter, Estella, who died at the age of
fourteen months. Mr. Morrison is an independent republican in his political views, and
he is much interested in the welfare and progress of his community, serving as a mem-
ber of the town council, where he rendered valuable service to the city, his influence
being ever on the side of advancement and improvement. Fraternally he is identified
with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his religious faith is indicated by his
membership in the Christian church. As a business man his course has been marked
by steady advancement, for he has closely studied trade conditions and the wants of
the public and in conducting his store has made it his purpose ever to be ready to meet
public needs and demands. His has been a life of varied and useful activity, productive
of excellent results not only in the upbuilding of his own fortunes but also in the ad-
vancement of community welfare, and his sterling worth is attested by all who know
him.

B. ELBERT BEDE.

B. Elbert Bede, publisher of the Cottage Grove Sentinel, has attained a prominent
position in journalistic circles of Oregon, and in 1914 was president of the State Edi
torial Association and for five years secretary of the Willamette Valley Editorial Asso-
ciation. Mr. Bede is a native of Iowa, his birth having occurred in Randolph, June 28,
18S1. His parents, J. Adam and Flora (Tibbetts) Bede, were natives of Ohio, the
father being a well known newspaper man. He engaged in journalistic work in Iowa
and in an early day went to Minnesota, becoming identified with the conduct of news-
papers in various parts of that state. He also became prominent in political circles of
Minnesota and for three terms represented the district of Duluth in the United States
congress, where he rendered important and valuable service, his record being a most
creditable one. He is now engaged in Lyceum and Chautauqua work, being connected
with the Redpath bureau. He has continued a resident of Minnesota, his home being
at Pine City. The mother of B. Elbert Bede passed away in 1884.

B. Elbert Bede attended the schools of Duluth, St. Paul and Pine City, Minnesota.
At the early age of seven years he started to learn the printer's trade and when sixteen

HISTORY OF OREGON 355

was editor of the Pine Poker, issued at Pine City, wliile later he became editor of the
Sandstone Courier, published at Sandstone, Minnesota. He was engaged in editorial
work in various parts of the state until 1911, when he came to Oregon and purchased
the Cottage Grove Sentinel, which be has since owned and edited. He has greatly im-
proved the plant, installing the latest presses and linotype machines until its equipment
is now classed with the best in Oregon. The Sentinel is not only representative of
first-class typography, in which Mr. Bede is expert through his long years of experi-
ence, but also excels on account of its trenchant style in setting forth the news events
of the section in which it circulates. Its local columns are always full of interest, while
the general news of the world is clearly and completely given. The principal policy
of the paper has been to serve the public promptly and that Mr. Bede has succeeded ia
evident from the large circulation which his publication enjoys. In 1915 he admitted
Elbert Smith as a partner and this association has been continued.

It was on the 5th of November, 1903, that Mr. Bede was united in marriage to Miss
Olive L. Smith of Sunrise, Minnesota, and they have become the parents of three chil-
dren, namely: Ruth C, whose birth occurred on the 8th of March, 1905; Harold E.,
born November 20, 1909; and Beth A., born January 14, 1913.

That Mr. Bede occupies a position of distinction in journalistic circles of Oregon
is indicated in the fact that in 1914 he was president of the State Editorial Associa-
tion and for five years served as secretary of the Willamette Valley Editorial Associa-
tion. He is likewise prominent in the public life of the state, having filled the position
of reading clerk in the legislature during the last two sessions. His interest in the
welfare and progress of his city is shown in his membership in the Cottage Grove Com-
mercial Club, which he has served as president and secretary and in this connection
he has aided materially in promoting the substantial growth and upbuilding of his
section. He is likewise a prominent Mason, being a past master of the lodge and a
member of the Scottish Rite Consistory and the Shrine. His political allegiance Is
given to the republican party and in religious faith he is an Episcopalian. Following
in the professional footsteps of his distinguished father, he has attained a high posi-
tion in newspaper circles of the state, and in promoting his own prosperity he has
furthered the general development of his community, his influence being ever on the
side of moral uplift and intellectual growth.

RUDOLPH WILHELM.

In business circles of Portland Rudolph Wilhelm is well known as the owner and
proprietor of the Wilhelm Transfer Company, one of the leading enterprises of the
kind in the city, and he is also prominently known as golf champion of the state.
He is one of Oregon's native sons, his birth having occurred in Sellwood, November
4, 1888. His parents, John George and Mary (Stritzinger) Wilhelm, were natives
of Alsace-Lorraine, where the father continued to reside until the close of the Franco-
German war, when he emigrated to the United States, being then a young man of
seventeen years. Making his way to St. Louis, Missouri, he there worked for a time
and in the late '70s came to Oregon, taking up his residence in Portland where he
entered the employ of Henry Weinhart as foreman of a brewery, having previously
learned the business in his native land. He was thus engaged until 1887 when he
entered upon an independent business venture, erecting a brewery at Sellwood which
he continued to operate successfully until his demise in 1904. He became one of the
leading citizens of his community, serving as chief of the volunteer fire department.
It was while in the employ of Henry Weinhart that Mr. Wilhelm met and married
Mary Stritzinger, also a native of Alsace-Lorraine, and they became the parents of
six children, namely: George, a resident of Portland; Peter, who makes his home in
San Francisco, California; Rudolph of this review; Anna, who married Prank Schulz
of Portland; Emma, who married C. C. Carey of Seattle, Washington; and John, a
resident of New York city.

After completing his public school education Rudolph Wilhelm began his busi-
ness career in his father's brewery where he remained until his twentieth year. He
then established his present business at No. 44 First street, occupying a two-story
building fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions. He is an excellent business man
and has built up a trade of large proportions, giving employment to ten men and
utilizing several automobile trucks in addition to two teams of horses. He is thor-

356 HISTORY OP OREGON

oughly reliable in all of his business transactions and the Wilhelm Transfer Com-
pany is regarded as one of the leading firms of this character in Portland.

Business, however, has not been his chief interest in life, for he has also become
prominent in the world of sport, winning fame on the golf links. When Mr. Wilhelm
was nine years of age the old Waverly Golf Club established its headquarters in Sell-
wood and as caddy for the club he acquired his first knowledge of golf, continuing
in that capacity for four years. He was not again connected with the game until he
reached the age of twenty-five years, when upon the organization of the Portland
Golf Club he became one of its members, playing his first match game of conse-
quence in San Francisco in 1915 and being the tenth man to qualify out of several
hundred. He was put out the third day by H. Chandler Eagan tour to three in a
thirty-six hole match. In the same year he won the Oregon state championship, after
only five months of playing, from Hartwell, the 1914 champion. In 1916 he lost to
Russell Smith but in 1917 regained the state championship and also won the Pacific-
Northwestern open championship at Spokane, Washington. In 1918, 1919 and 1920
he continued to hold the state championship and in the last named year played at
Roslyn, Long Island, in the national golf tournament, being one of forty-two men who
qualified.

On the 4th of November, 1910, Mr. Wilhelm was united in marriage to Miss Lena
Margaret Miller, whose father conducted one of the first French bakeries in Port-
land, his establishment being located at the corner of Fifth and Harrison streets.
He was also a native of Alsace-Lorraine, going to California with the gold seekers
and subsequently becoming a pioneer of Oregon. Mrs. Wilhelm is also noted for
her athletic prowess and was a member of the girls' team of the Turnverein which
won prizes at the Lewis & Clark and the Seattle expositions. Mr. and Mrs. Wilhelm
have become the parents of two sons: Rudolph Henry and Robert John, the former
now seven years of age.

Mr. Wilhelm's fraternal connections are with the Masons and the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks and he is also identified with the Portland Turnverein and
the Transportation, Automobile, Portland Golf Club, Waverly Country Club and
Automobile Clubs. His is an evenly balanced life. He is a man of strong purpose
and determination, who devotes his entire attention to the matter in hand, carrying
forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. Although one of the
younger business men of the city he has already won for himself a creditable place
in commercial circles and his record is a most commendable one, characterized by honor
and integrity in every relation of life.

HON. DAVID C. BURNS.

On the annals of Portland and the state appears the name of David C. Burns, by
reason of his contribution to the commercial development and to the legislative history
of Oregon. He stood as a high type of American manhood and citizenship, being always
devoted to the highest standards of personal and public service. The sterling traits of
his character made him a man whom to know was to esteem and honor, and his friends
were legion. Mr. Burns was a native of Fifeshire, Scotland, born November 28, 1860.
His parents, Thomas and Agnes (Hastie) Burns, were likewise born in the land of
hills and heather. The mother passed away when her son, David C, was but two years
of age and the father was killed by a runaway team when David C. Burns was a lad
of twelve. Thus left an orphan and dependent upon his own resources, he began work-
ing in a grocery store as errand boy and subsequently secured a clerkship. While thus
employed he handled many cans of salmon which were the output of the Columbia River
Canning Company of Portland, Oregon. It was this which interested him in Portland
and determined him eventually to try his fortune in America. Accordingly in 1880,
or when nineteen years of age, he bade adieu to his native land and sailed for the new
world. At length he arrived in Chicago, where he obtained employment with Libby,
McNeill & Libby, remaining with that house until 1S82, when he found opportunity to
carry out his original intention of coming to Portland. His first employment on the
Pacific coast was with the Ordvvay Logging Company at Oak Point. He had previously
put in an application for a position with Kerron & McBeth, proprietors of a department
store. While with the logging company he saved his money and at the end of a year
he became connected with the above mentioned firm, with which he remained until

HON. DAVID C. BURNS

HISTORY OF OREGON 359

the company failed. At that time Mr. Burns, who had continued carefully to save his
earnings, took over the grocery department, while Mr. Shanahan became proprietor
of the dry goods department. From that time until his death Mr. Burns was one of
the well known grocery merchants of the city, developing an extensive business and
maintaining both wholesale and retail departments. For a long period he figured as
one of the leading merchants of Portland, employing the most constructive measures
in the conduct of his business and building upon the sure foundation of enterprise,
diligence and reliability.

Not only did Mr. Burns contribute to the material development of his city, how-
ever, but in many other ways he promoted public progress. He was elected to the state
legislature and while a member of the general assembly was instrumental in framing
the pure food and weights measure that was passed by both the upper and lower houses.
Mr. Burns had printed on all his labels the actual weight of the contents of all pack-
ages which he handled. He believed in integrity and fair play in all business deal-
ings and the course which he followed ever inspired confidence and won him success.

Mr. Burns not only displayed generalship in business but was one of the most lik-
able of men. There was no suggestion of deception in any of his business transac-
tions nor in his private affairs. He lived a clean, upright life and the sterling worth
of his character gained for him the respect, confidence and honor of all with whom he
came into contact. He was ever actuated by a desire to aid and assist his fellowmen
as well as to promote his own fortunes and he became one of the incorporators of
the Portland Grocers & Merchants Association and remained one of its most prominent
members to the time of his death. He also became interested in mining and was the
owner at different periods of considerable valuable land. As he prospered his gener-
osity was frequently expressed in kindly deeds and liberal assistance, yet he never
spoke of his benefactions, which were ofttimes known only to himself and the recip-
ient. He belonged to Clan McClay and he was a member of the Portland Chamber of
Commerce. In politics he was a stanch republican and was also a warm supporter of
the temperance cause, doing everything in his power to promote prohibition in his
adopted state. He was, moreover, a sincere advocate of woman's suffrage.

In 1903 Mr. Burns was united in marriage to Mrs. Elizabeth (Poore) Gossman
and for fifteen years they traveled life's journey happily together, being separated by
death on the 19th of February, 1918. Mr. Burns, having been left an orphan at the
age of twelve years, had little chance to acquire an education in the schools but in the
school of experience he learned many worth-while lessons and was constantly pro-
moting his knowledge by reading, study and investigation. When he sailed for America
he brought with him many valuable books but was forced to part with them on account
of moving so often. However, he always kept with him the book of poems by "Bobbie"
Burns and today this old and valuable copy is in possession of his widow. He was a
member of the Presbyterian church and his entire life was guided by its teachings.
A brother and a sister survive him in Portland; G. J. Burns, his brother, who was also
a groceryman of Portland; and Miss Catherine W. Burns, a resident of Oregon. Mrs.
Burns remains a resident of Portland and has been and is still active in many good
works.

LLOYD J. WENTWORTH.

Lloyd J. Wentworth, vice president and general manager of the Portland Lum-
ber Company, was born In Bay City, Michigan, October 24, 1872, and is a representative
of one of the old families of that state that from an early period has been connected
with the development of the lumber industry. Moreover, his ancestors came from
another state where the lumber industry centered for many years, both the father
and grandfather being natives of Maine. The father died in Bay City, Michigan,
in 1913, while his wife, Mrs. Sophronia Wentworth, also a native of Maine, passed
away when their son Lloyd was but three years of age. His brother, Norris R.
Wentworth, still resides at Bay City, Michigan, where he is a member of the firm of
Ross & Wentworth.

Reared in his native state, Lloyd J. Wentworth attended the University of
Michigan, from which he graduated in 1894 with the Bachelor of Letters degree. He
next entered the lumber business in connection with his father, going to the Mesaba
Range of Minnesota, and there entered a logging camp. He later went to Cloquet,

360 HISTORY OF OREGON

Minnesota, and worked in the sawmill and yard of the Johnson-Wentworth Company.
He steadily worked his way upward to an office position and also became acquainted
with the selling end of the business. In fact he familiarized himself with every
phase of the lumber industry. In 1901 he came to Portland and entered the employ
of the Portland Lumber Company under 0. A. Ritan. This company had been estab-
lished in 1878 by Mr. Pennoyer, at one time governor of Oregon. Mr. Wentworth
familiarized himself with the lumber trade conducted on the coast and in 1902 became
manager for the firm, which now owns large tracts of timber in the southern part of the
state. The Portland Lumber Company is one of the most prominent operating on the
coast at the present time and in his position as vice president and general manager
Mr. "Wentworth is largely directing the movements of the business. He also served as
district manager of the United States Shipping Board and the Emergency Fleet
Corporation and during the war built over one hundred wooden ships. He had under
his supervision one hundred and twenty-five inspectors and men, all from the head-
quarters in the Northwest Bank building, while fifteen thousand men were working
in the shipyards. He met every demand placed upon him by the government, ren-
dering most important service in this connection.

Mr. Wentworth was married in Portland to Miss Imogen Stuart, a daughter of
Edwin C. and Laura (Hayden) Stuart of Chicago, but now residents of Portland,
where her father has retired from business. To Mr. and Mrs. Wentworth have been
born four children: Anne, Imogen, and Janet, aged respectively fifteen, twelve and
eleven years, while Justin is but a year old. The family resides at No. 800 Hancock
street on the east side in Irvlngton. Mr. Wentworth is a member of the Chamber of
Commerce.

RICHARD E. CARROLL.

Among the enterprising and progressive young business men of Junction City
is numbered Richard E. Carroll, proprietor of one of the high class drug stores of the
locality. He is a native son of Oregon, his birth having occurred at Union, Union
county, October 19, 1896. He is a son of Joel Marion and Mary F. (Lenhart) Carroll,
the former a native of Iowa and the latter of Missouri. The father was but three
years of age when his parents crossed the plains to Oregon, casting in their lot with
the pioneer settlers of this state. They were the third family to locate in Union
county and there the grandfather took up a claim of government land, which by
arduous and unremitting toil he at length brought to a high state of development, con-
tinuing to operate his ranch throughout his remaining years. He passed away in
1910 at the very advanced age of ninety-five years, and his wife's demise occurred
in 1895, when she had reached the age of seventy-five years. They were highly esteemed
and respected in their community as pioneer settlers who shared in the hardships
and privations of frontier life and aided in laying broad and deep the foundation upon
which has been built the present progress and prosperity of the commonwealth.
Their son, Joel M. Carroll, the youngest in a family of fourteen children, was reared
and educated in Union, Oregon, later completing a law course in the Oregon State
University at Eugene. Following his admission to the bar he opened an office in Union
and there engaged in practice the remainder of his life, being accorded an extensive
clientage which his high professional attainments well merited. He was a dis-
tinguished lawyer and a man of prominence in his community, serving as mayor of
Union and also holding other public offices of trust, the duties of which he discharged
most efficiently. He passed away in 1900 at the comparatively early age of forty-two
years, and his demise was deeply regretted by a large circle of friends, for he was a
man of sterling worth whose ideals of life were high and who utilized every oppor-
tunity that enabled him to climb to their level. The mother survived him for eleven
years, her demise occurring in 1911.

Richard E. Carroll was reared and educated at Union, Oregon, also pursuing his
studies at Corvallis from 1906 until 1909, and then entered the high school at Junc-
tion City, from which he was graduated in 1915. He subsequently became a student
in the Oregon Agricultural College, where he pursued a course in pharmacy, and
was graduated from that institution of learning in 1918. He then enlisted for service
in the World war, becoming cook in Machine Gun Company, Twelfth Infantry, Eighth
Division, and was stationed successively at Camp Fremont, California, and Camp

HISTORY OF OREGON 361

Mills, New York, from -which point his command was transferred by boat to Camp
Stewart, Virginia, and later to Camp Alexander, that state. Subsequently he was
sent to Camp Lewis, Washington, where he was discharged in February, 1919. In
the following April Mr. Carroll engaged in the drug business at Junction City, where
he is now located. His establishment is first-class in every particular and his courte-
ous treatment of patrons, reliability and progressive business methods have won for
him a large trade.

Mr. Carroll gives his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church. He is much interested
in the welfare and progress of his community and is serving as city recorder and as
school clerk, and is rendering valuable service in both connections, his duties being
discharged with faithfulness, promptness and efficiency. He is a member of the
American Legion and fraternally is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World. Mr. Carroll is an energetic and pro-
gressive young business man who well deserves the success that has come to him,
for he started out in life empty-handed and working his way through college he
secured a good education, which has been of inestimable benefit to him in the attain-
ment of success. He is always loyal to any cause which he espouses and faithful
to every duty and is a representative of the best type of American manhood and
chivalry.

WILLIAM A. ULLMAN.

William A. Ullman is the senior partner in the Willamette Dairy Products Com-
pany of Portland. He was born in Latvia, formerly a part of Russia, in 1887. There
he acquired his education and in 1907 came to the United States, making his way to
Chicago. His father, Anns Ullman, was also a native of Latvia and there passed away
in 1911, but the mother, Mrs. Louise Ullman, is still living at the old home.

William A. Ullman, after coming to the new world, spent eight months in Chicago
and then went to Wyoming, thinking that better opportunities were to be secured
in the west. He remained in that state for eleven months and then continued his
journey to the Pacific coast. Arriving in Portland, he worked in an automobile repair
shop for four years and afterward organized the Willamette Dairy Products Company,
with offices at 483 Union avenue. North, in Portland, while at Rainier, on the Columbia
river, the company owns a dairy farm comprising two hundred and thirty-eight acres.
They buy, however, most of the cream from which they make eight hundred pounds of
butter daily. They have always maintained the highest standards in the quality of
their products and by reason of this have found a very ready sale on the market.
They operate three automobile trucks in gathering the cream from the farmers. In
this business Mr. Ullman is associated with John E. Schultz, also a native of Latvia.

On the 17th of September, 1913, Mr. Ullman was married to Miss Mary Mazur, who
was likewise born at the place where her husband's birth occurred. They have
become parents of two children, Natalie Mary and Arthur Williams, the latter two
years of age. Mr. Ullman has never had occasion to regret his determination to come
to the new world, for he here found the opportunities which he sought and in their
utilization has made steady advance to a place of affluence, being now at the head
of one of the important business interests of this character in Portland.

GEORGE H. SANFORD.

George H. Sanford, who is engaged in the transfer and storage business in
Portland, was born at Potsdam, New York, September 3, 1859, and pursued his education
there as a pupil in the normal school, from which he was graduated in 1877. Soon
afterward he heard and heeded the call of the west, going to Ortonville, Minnesota,
where he entered the drug business, in which he engaged for three years. He then
disposed of his store and returned to New York, but three months was the limit of
time which he could force himself to remain and so he returned to Minnesota, which
at that time was a frontier district. In 1882 he started for the Pacific coast by way of
Montana and at length arrived in Portland, Oregon. The conditions here, however.

362 HISTORY OF OREGON

were not favorable and he located at Eugene, where he spent the following winter
and in the summer turned his attention to the hop industry. In the succeeding fall
he returned to Portland and the next spring engaged in mining in Idaho. When
autumn once more returned he sold his interest in the mine and went to Farmington,
Washington, and entered upon mercantile business, in which he continued for a year.
He then sold out and returned to Portland, entering the employ of Sam Oilman, remain-
ing in his auction house for four years. He next became connected with the Gadsby
Furniture Company and afterward engaged in the furniture and hardware business
on his own account at Winlock, Washington, for three years. With his return to
Portland he became the manager for Calef Brothers, furniture dealers, with whom
he continued for eight years and in 1914 purchased the Hunt Transfer & Storage busi-
ness at 45 North Fifth street, where he employs seven people besides his two sons. He
utilizes four trucks and one wagon in the conduct of the business which amounts
annually to upwards of thirty thousand dollars.

On the 10th of November, 1885, Mr. Sanford was united in marriage to Miss Ida
Parsons, a native of Eugene, Oregon, who passed away May 22, 1920, leaving three
sons: Horace 0., thirty-two years of age, who is married and who is half owner
in the Mahan News Agency; George H.; and Frank H. The last named is also
married. Mr. Sanford has never had occasion to regret his determination to try his
fortunes in the west. Here he found opportunities which he sought, and step by step
has advanced along the line of an orderly progression until he is now conducting a
profitable business in connection with the transfer and storage business of his adopted
city.

GEORGE BELPIN PALMER.

George Belpin Palmer, who for six years was engaged in the building of homes
in Portland, and thus contributed much to the improvement and development of the
city, was born in Western Super Mare, near Bristol, Somersetshire, England, March 1,
1847, his parents being John and Jane Palmer. Both the father and the grandfather,
as well as others of the family were funeral directors, and the great-grandfather was
the first man in England to introduce the delivery of mail in the rural districts of
that country.

George B. Palmer obtained a public school education and afterwards engaged in
the same business with his grandfather in England. He reached the twenty-first
anniversary of his birth when upon the voyage to the new world for he had determined
to try his fortune on this side of the Atlantic. After reaching the shores of America
he made his way inland as far as Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, where he secured a
stock of several cars and was planning to open up an undertaking establishment. His
plans had been carried steadily forward, and on the day before he was to open his
establishment for patronage a fire destroyed the building and all of its contents. Too
discouraged to make any other attempt to engage in business in Chippewa Falls he at
once left that place and went to Kansas, settling in Topeka, where he engaged in
business as a funeral director, continuing there until 1908. That year he arrived in
Portland and at once took up the business of building and selling homes. In this
he continued until his death, which occurred on the 25th of March, 1914. For six
years he was thus active as one of the speculative builders of the city and his business
was one of substantial and gratifying proportions.

On the 20th of May, 1875, Mr. Palmer was united in marriage to Miss Cordelia
Frost, a daughter of Charles and Mary Frost, the former a native of Suffolk, England,
while the latter was born in Leicestershire, England. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs.
Palmer was celebrated in Topeka, Kansas, and they became the parents of two chil-
dren: Francis George, who died at the age of five months; and Paul Bawden, who is
a resident of Portland.

Mr. Palmer was a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, belonging to the fra-
ternity for a period of thirty-nine years. Throughout his life he exemplified the
beneficent spirit of the craft and he took the Knights Templar degree of the York Rite
and also the Consistory degrees in the Scottish Rite. He likewise belonged to the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His religious belief w^as that of the Episcopal
church, to which Mrs. Palmer also belonged. In politics he was a republican and
kept well informed on the questions and issues of the day, but did not seek nor desire

GEORGE B. PALMER

HISTORY OF OEEGON 365

public office. Both he and his wife were active in Eastern Star, just as he was In
other branches of Masonry, and they did much to further the work of the order in
Topeka, Kansas, during Mrs. Palmer's healthful and active life. Wherever he was
known Mr. Palmer commanded the respect, confidence and goodwill of all with whom
he came into contact, and the sterling worth of his character was understood and
appreciated by an extensive circle of friends.

HON. THOMAS B. KAY.

One of the most conspicuous figures in the public life of Oregon is Hon. Thomas
B. Kay, a member of the house of representatives, who for many years has been active
in framing the laws of the commonwealth and whose noteworthy service in behalf
of the public welfare earned for him the sobriquet of the "watchdog of the treasury."
He has been instrumental in securing the passage of much beneficial legislation and at
all times his influence has been on the side of advancement and improvement. He
has attained equal prominence in business life and as president of the Thomas Kay
Woolen Mills of Salem, founded by his father in 1889, he is most capably conducting
important and extensive interests.

Mr. Kay is a native of the east. He was born at Trenton, New Jersey, February
28, 1864, a son of Thomas and Ann (Slingsbey) Kay, natives of England. In 1864
the parents came to Oregon by way of the Isthmus of Panama, the father being the
first to arrive in the state, the mother joining him here a few months later. Their
son, Thomas B. Kay, was reared at Brownsville, Linn county, Oregon, where his
father operated woolen mills. He spent his school days in attendance upon the schools
of Brownsville and later was a student at McMinnville College. In 1883 he went to
Portland, where he spent a year in learning the mercantile business, and going to
McMinnville in 1S85, he there entered commercial circles. He was identified with the
business life of that city for a period of nine years and in 1894 he came to Salem
as assistant manager and salesman for the Thomas Kay Woolen Mills, succeeding to
the presidency upon his father's death in 1900. His work sustains the enterprising
spirit that has long been synonymous with the name of Kay in Salem and he Is
displaying excellent business ability in the management of the interests built up by
his father's constructive genius, meeting therein questions of no less magnitude and
Importance than were met and mastered by his father in former years. His business
activities have ever balanced up with the principles of truth and honor and in all of
his work he has never sacrificed the high standards which he has set up for himself.

In 1888 Mr. Kay was united in marriage to Miss Cora M. Wallace of McMinnville,
the daughter of a pioneer family, her mother having crossed the plains in 1847 and
her father in 1852. Mr. and Mrs. Kay have become the parents of two children:
Ercel W., who is a salesman and assistant manager of the Kay Woolen Mills; and
Marjorie, the wife of Hollis W. Huntington, a resident of Oregon.

Mr. Kay gives his political allegiance to the republican party and in many public
connections he has been called to positions of prominence and leadership, being one
of the most popular politicians in the state. While residing at McMinnville he served
as councilman and school director and after coming to Salem he was chosen in 1903
to represent his district in the state legislature, serving as chairman of the ways
and means committee. He also served in the house of representatives in 1905 and was
defeated by one vote for the office of speaker. From 1907 until 1909 he served as a
member of the state senate and in 1910 he was called to the office of state treasurer, his
excellent record in that connection winning for him reelection in 1914. In 1920 he was
again elected state representative and is now serving in that office, giving careful
study to the problems which come up for settlement and earnestly supporting all bills
which he believes will prove beneficial to the commonwealth. He has the courage of
his convictions and is recognized as a man of strict integrity, whom neither fear nor
favor can swerve from the course which he believes to be right. He has made a
splendid political record, characterized by marked devotion to the public good, and has
won the reputation of being the "watchdog of the treasury." He has at different times
been urged to become a candidate for the offices of governor and United States senator,
but each time has surrendered in favor of friends, who have won the election. He
has ever recognized his duties and obligations in regard to the public welfare and has
cooperated in every movement that has tended to advance the interests of the state

366 HISTORY OF OREGON

along lines of permanent good. For twenty years lie has served on the board of
directors of the Young Men's Christian Association, for a considerable period he was
a director and the president of the Board of Trade and is now a director of the
State Chamber of Commerce. During the period of the World war he was chairman
of some of the drives and was active in support of all war measures promulgated
by the government for the aid and support of the nation's soldiers in camp and in
field. His religious belief is indicated by his membership in the Christian church
and fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World, the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks and the Masons, having become a member of the Mystic Shrine
in the last named organization. For many years he has been a director of Willamette
University and in everything pertaining to the welfare and upbuilding of his town,
county and commonwealth he is actively and helpfully interested. Upon all vital ques-
tions he is well informed and he keeps abreast with the best thinking men of the
age concerning the political, sociological and economic questions of the day. In public
ofiice he has always stood for development and for constructive measures and his life
record has been a credit and honor to the state which has honored him.

W. R. COUCHMAN.

W. R. Couchman is conducting a profitable business enterprise in Portland as
proprietor of the Couchman Garage. A native of Illinois he was born in Havana in
1883, a son of Charles and Fannie (Tigar) Couchman. The father is now residing in
Garden City, Kansas, having removed to that locality in 1887 and for many years
he engaged in work as a blacksmith.

After completing his common school education W. R. Couchman assisted his
father in the latter's blacksmith shop and also rode the range. When eighteen years
of age he made his way to Oregon, taking up his residence in the eastern part of the
state, where for five years he engaged in blacksmithing. He then removed to Port-
land, where he engaged in running a stage line to Mount Hood. Subsequently, he
opened the old Fashion Garage, which was continued in association with a partner
until April, 1919. Mr. Couchman then purchased the business and has since been
alone in conducting it and is now operating the Couchman Garage, a modern two-
story fireproof building one hundred by one hundred feet in dimensions, with a storage
capacity for one hundred and twenty-five cars, which was erected for his use. He
also maintains a repair shop and has for rent many high grade cars which may be ob-
tained with or without drivers. He conducts a first-class establishment and owing
to the excellent service here afforded has succeeded in building up a good patronage,
making his investment a most profitable one.

In 1903 Mr. Couchman was united in marriage to Miss Grace Smith, a native of
Iowa, and they have become the parents of one son, Chester. Mr. Couchman is a
member of the Garage Men's Association and fraternally is identified with the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Masons, belonging to the Scottish Rite Con-
sistory and to AI Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is alert, wide-awake and
energetic and has won success because of his strict attention to business and progres-
sive methods. He is a public-spirited citizen and enjoys the esteem and respect of a
large circle of

HARVEY E. GUTHRIE.

The attractiveness of Oregon as a place of residence is demonstrated in the fact
that so many of her native sons have been content to pass their lives within her
borders, finding here excellent business opportunities, a mild and equable climate and
scenic beauties unsurpassed by any state in the Union. To this class belongs Har-
vey E. Guthrie, who has devoted his entire active life to agricultural pursuits, in which
he has won a gratifying measure of prosperity. He is a worthy representative of one
of the old and honored pioneer families of the state and was born four miles south of
Dallas, in Polk county, July 29, 1853, his parents being David M. and Jlary Ellen
(Davisson) Guthrie, natives of Missouri, the former born in 1S24. The father crossed
the plaiils to Oregon in 1846, traveling by means of ox teams and wagons, and settled

HISTORY OF OREGON 367

in Polk county, where he took up a donation claim four miles south of the present
site of Dallas. He cleared and improved his claim and also purchased additional
land, at length becoming the owner of seventeen hundred acres. He engaged exten-
sively in stock raising, handling pure bred Merino sheep, which he imported from
Australia, and he also was engaged in the growing of hops, ably managing the
various branches of his business, so that he at length became the possessor of a sub-
stantial competence. He was a prominent and influential resident of his community
and for many years served as a member of the state fair board. He at length retired
from active business pursuits and resided with his children until his demise on the
29th of April, 1914, when he had reached the venerable age of ninety years. The
mother passed away in October, 1860. He had been twice married and of the first
union three children were born, all of whom survive. By his second marriage he
became the father of ten children, of whom five are living.

Harvey E. Guthrie was reared in Polk county, attending the public schools of
Dallas and later becoming a student at La Creole Academy. He remained at home
until he reached the age of twenty-three, when he cultivated rented land for a period
of two years, during which time wheat sold for a dollar and nine cents per bushel.
In 1879 he was able to purchase land and became the owner of three hundred and six
acres situated four miles south of Dallas. This he cultivated and improved for a
period of sixteen years, converting it into a most valuable property, and then sold,
purchasing a tract of ninety acres three and a half miles from Monmouth. On this
land he erected fine buildings, set out large orchards of cherries and prunes, and for
nine years was active in Its further cultivation and development. He then disposed of
the property and purchased a six-acre tract at Monmouth, of which two acres lie
•within the corporation limits, and this he has made very attractive by the erection
of a fine residence and substantial outbuildings, everything about the place being
indicative of the progressive methods and careful supervision of the owner. He has
worked diligently and persistently as the years have passed and his industry has
been the basic element in his success.

On the 28th of May, 1876, Mr. Guthrie was united in marriage to Miss Fannie
Belle Davis, a daughter of John W. and Mary Jane (Henderson) Davis, the former
born in North Carolina in 1824 and the latter in southern Missouri in 1830. In 1854,
in company with J. H. Johns and his wife, the father left his home in Kentucky with
the intention of going to Oregon, but on reaching Missouri decided to settle in that
state and there took up a homestead claim, subsequently purchasing additional land.
He continued to engage in farming in Missouri until 1864, when he again set out
for Oregon, traveling with four yoke of oxen and one yoke of cows. He was accom-
panied by his wife and their family of seven children and on reaching this state
settled in Yamhill county, where for four years he continued to reside. He then
removed to Washington county and filed on a homestead, but he failed to prove up,
and he then made his way to Polk county, where for several years he operated rented
land. Later he purchased land near Independence and cultivated it for a period of
five years, or until 1877, when he sold and went to southern Oregon, for a time engag-
ing in stock raising, but not finding that occupation a congenial one, he returned to
Polk county and resumed his farming operations, purchasing land and also cultivat-
ing rented land. He continued to improve and develop his holdings in Polk county
for many years, or until the death of his wife, when he returned to Kentucky and for
six years resided iii the Blue Grass state, but he could not resist the lure of the
west and once more started for Oregon. However, death called him ere he reached his
destination and he passed away while en route, on the 20th of March, 1890. He had
long survived his wife, whose demise occurred on the 22d of April, 1878. Their
daughter, Mrs. Guthrie, was born in Putnam county, Missouri, January 30, 1859, and by
her marriage she became the mother of four children, namely: Dora Adele, who
married P. E. Chase, a resident of Oakland, California; Hugh M., who makes his
home in Corvallis, Oregon: Mary V., who became the wife of F. H. Mulkey and passed
away on the 21st of November, 1916; and Edna M., who married Mark Rickard, an
automobile dealer of Corvallis, and died March 9, 1920.

In his political views Mr. Guthrie is a democrat and has served as a member of
the town council of Monmouth. Fraternally he is identified with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World, having served as consul com-
mander of the latter organization, while his wife is connected with the Rebekahs. She
was reared in the Methodist faith but she and Mr. Guthrie are now affiliated with the
Baptist church. Energy, progressiveness and thrift are recognized the world over as

368 HISTORY OF OREGON

the foundation of material prosperity and these three qualities are possessed hy Mr.
Guthrie. He enjoys the esteem of many friends and fully deserves the honor that is
accorded the fortunate individual who has fought and won in the great battle of life.

JOHN W. SIEMENS.

Affectionately known to every man, woman and child in southern Oregon as "Cap"
Siemens, John W. Siemens is readily conceded to be the most prominent and popular
man in his section of the state. To say that he is one of the vital forces in the
progress of southern Oregon is no exaggeration, for he is the kind of public-spirited
citizen who is ever planning tor the community welfare, placing no check on the amount
of personal time and energy devoted to getting the plans carried out. Some thirty-
five years ago Mr. Siemens located in Klamath Palls, having just received his discharge
from the United States army, in which he served as cavalryman, and opening a barber
shop there made his initial step into the business world. He proved to be an astute
business man, his keen discrimination and executive ability insuring his continued
advancement, and step by step he ascended the ladder of success until he reached his
present position of prominence and prosperity.

Mr. Siemens is numbered among the adopted sons of Oregon, for his birth occurred
in Columbia, Illinois, March 26, 1862, his parents being Henry and Louise (Witte)
Siemens. Henry Siemens won prominence in the mercantile circles of Columbia and
became financially independent. John W. was afforded the best of educational advantages
and after putting his textbooks aside followed the trade of a machinist at Belleville,
Illinois, for three years. At the termination of that period he enlisted in the United
States army and was assigned to the Second United States Cavalry, serving with that
command for five years, three years of the time being spent at various posts in Mon-
tana. In 1886, receiving his honorable discharge from the army, he came to Oregon,
and locating in Klamath Falls, then Linkville, he opened a barber shop, with which
trade he had become familiar during his years of army service. The shop was located
near the Link river and became not only one of the leading business enterprises in
that vicinity but was the first stepping stone in Mr. Siemens' continued advancement
toward success. As a result of his own determined effort he has become prominent in
the financial circles of Klamath Falls and as a banker, as well as on his own account,
has loaned scores of citizens funds with which to operate their farms or their business
and manufacturing interests. It is said that he has never foreclosed a mortgage nor
forced an industry to the wall and it may be well to mention here that he has done
as much as, if not more than, any other individual to maintain and promote the solid
prosperity of Klamath Falls and Southern Oregon. An incident illustrating the confi-
dence and trust imposed in him by the general public occurred in 1921. On the 14th of
January, that year, the First State & Savings Bank, of which he was president, closed
its doors as the result of a run caused by some rumor which brought about the pres-
ence of the bank examiners. Under the state banking laws of Oregon when a bank's
reserve reaches a certain point it must be increased or the doors closed. At that time
Mr. Siemens was in Portland but upon learning of the affair he hurried home. The
citizens of Klamath Falls turned out en masse, meeting him at the train with a brass
band, and such relief was felt at his coming that the occasion took on the appearance
of a holiday. He immediately took up the rehabilitation of the bank and on the 14th
of March, not quite two months after the run, the doors were reopened and with the
voluntary assistance of citizens of all classes the capital stock was increased from one
hundred thousand to two hundred and fifty thousand, not one depositor suifering the
loss of a cent.

The life of Mr. Siemens since coming to Oregon has indeed been an active one
and to tell it in detail would fill a volume. Briefiy, for thirteen years he served as
school clerk and for a quarter of a century filled the office of city treasurer: for two
terms he was active as county treasurer and for four terms as coroner: in his associa-
tion with the American Bank and Trust Company he was its first cashier and he was
president of the First National Bank, the oldest institution in the county; in addition
to being president of the First State & Savings Bank he is president of the Klamath
Live Stock Mortgage Loan Company, president of the Saddle Mountain Lumber Com-
pany, president of the Klamath Falls Mint Company, which company owns and has
under cultivation four thousand acres of mint, and president of the Poe Valley Mining

CAPTAIN JOHN W. SIEMENS

HISTORY OF OREGON 371

Company; he is a director of the Bankers Discount Company, the Western Wool Ware-
house Company, and director and secretary of the Klamath Heating Company, which
furnishes heat and hot water to the business blocks of the city; he is likewise secretary
of the Klamath General Hospital and secretary-treasurer of the Klamath Oil Company, a
corporation that he organized and which he controls. This company has been success-
ful in proving that Klamath county is an oil production center; Mr. Siemens also main-
tains an active interest in agriculture, owning a three thousand acre grain ranch and
having about four thousand sheep. For seven years Mr. Siemens was captain of
Troop B, Oregon National Guard and he is now on the retired list.

In 18S6 Mr. Siemens was united in marriage to Miss Lucinda Hicks, a daughter of
William Hicks, a successful lumber and stock pioneer and a veteran of the Indian
wars. That life partnership has continued in harmony for thirty-five years, during
which time they have reared three children: Jesse J., who is a prominent stockman
and makes his home at Ft. Klamath; Holly H., who is engaged in business at Seattle,
Washington; and John H., Jr., who is cashier of the First State & Savings Bank, a
position he has held since he was eighteen years of age.

This recital of the many interests with which Mr. Siemens is identified stamps
him indelibly on the pages of southern Oregon history as an outstanding and forceful
figure. Almost penniless when he came to Oregon he has amassed a fortune, helped
others to build up their fortunes and has given generously of his money to many pri-
vate charities. He has seen the work of progress and development carried steadily
forward and at all times has borne his part and he is justly entitled to the proud
American title of a self-made man.

OREN H. KENT, D. 0.

Dr. Oren H. Kent, a well known and highly successful practitioner of osteopathy
at Brownsville, was born in Nemaha county, Nebraska, June 1, 1871, his parents
being William M. and Louisa S. (Ranslow) Kent, the former a native of New Jersey
and the latter of Vermont. The father was a builder and contractor who also fol-
lowed the occupation of farming. His boyhood days were spent in Ohio and in young
manhood he became a resident of Illinois, in which state his marriage occurred.
During the progress of the Civil war he enlisted in the Fifty-second Illinois Infan-
try, with which command he served for two years, and after receiving his discharge
he returned to Illinois and with his wife started across the country for Nebraska in
a covered wagon. He located in Nemaha county in 1868 and the»e resided until 1871,
when he went to Richardson county, Nebraska, where he purchased land, which he
developed and improved, continuing its cultivation for many years. At length he
retired and removed to Auburn, Nebraska, and here continued to reside until his
death in December, 1898. The mother survived him for several years, passing away
in June, 1906.

Oren H. Kent pursued his education in the schools of Nemaha and Richardson
counties, Nebraska, and after his graduation from the Auburn high school he became
a student in the Nebraska State Normal School, from which he was later graduated,
while subsequently he attended the Nebraska State University at Lincoln. When a
boy he had learned the printer's trade and after finishing his college course he en-
gaged in the newspaper business at Auburn in partnership with his instructor in the
trade. They published the leading republican paper in that section of the state, with
which they were identified for a period of four years, when Mr. Kent took up the
study of medicine at Des Moines, Iowa, later becoming a student at the American
School of Osteopathy at Kirksville, Missouri, from which he was graduated with the
class of 1905. He practiced his profession in Nebraska until 1916, when he came to
Oregon, opening an office in Brownsville, where he has remained, now being accorded
a liberal and gratifying patronage. He has been very successful in checking the
ravages of disease and is constantly promoting his efficiency and skill by wide read-
ing and study.

In May, 1898, Dr. Kent was united in marriage to Miss Pordyce E. Daniels and
they have become the parents of seven children, namely: Rollo, Merrill, Paul, Mar-
garet, Dorothy, Kenneth and Theron.

Dr. Kent is an independent republican in his political views and in religious faith
he is a Presbyterian, while his fraternal connections are with the Masons and the

372 HISTORY OF OREGON

Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is most conscientious in the discharge of his
professional duties and is guided by high and honorable principles in all relations of
life, the sterling worth of his character being attested by all who know him.

LEONARD L. RAY.

Leonard L. Ray, former district attorney of Eugene, was born in Peoria. Illinois,
July 13, 1888, his parents being George Thomas and Sarah E. (Harker) Ray, the for-
mer a native of Missouri and the latter of Illinois. Removing to Nebraska, the father
followed the occupation of farming in tliat state and later went to Illinois, where
he engaged in the drayage and transfer business until 1892. In that year he came
to Oregon and purchased a fruit ranch at Eugene, which he has since successfully
operated. The mother also survives.

Leonard L. Ray was reared and educated in Eugene and Lane county, being but
four years of age at the time of the removal of his parents to this state. In 1907 he
was graduated from the Eugene high school and subsequently entered the State Uni-
versity, being graduated therefrom with the class of 1912. It was his desire to become
a member of the bar and with this end in view he entered the Indiana Law School,
graduating in 1914. Returning to Eugene, he was admitted to practice at the bar
of this city in 1914 and the following year formed a partnership with Donald Young,
in which relationship the firm is very successful. Recognition of Mr. Ray's merit and
ability on the part of his fellow citizens found expression in his election in Novem-
ber, 1916, to the office of district attorney, in which capacity he served until 1920.
He is a strong and able lawyer, whose knowledge of the law is comprehensive and
exact. He prepares his cases with great thoroughness and care, presents his cause
clearly and cogently, and by reason of the unmistakable logic of his deductions he
wins many cases.

On the 23d of August. 1916, Mr. Ray was united in marriage at Indianapolis,
Indiana, to Miss Florence Dugan and they have become the parents of two daughters:
Margaret Lucille, who was born in May, 1917; and Sarah Emily, born in June. 1920.

In his political views Mr. Ray is a democrat and stanchly supports the party
because of his firm belief in its principles. His religious faith is that of the Chris-
tian church and his fraternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows and the Grange. He has many friends in Eugene, in professional circles and
in private life, and all respect and esteem him as a young man of the highest quali-
ties of character wh«se future career they will follow with much interest.

J. C. DELANEY.

As general manager of Delaney's Employment Service J. C. Delaney is at the
head of an extensive business which is conducted along strictly legitimate lines, rank-
ing with the best in the Pacific northwest. He maintains branch ofl^ces in Astoria,
Oregon, and Centralia, Washington, and caters exclusively to lumber interests. Mr.
Delaney is a native of the west and in his life exemplifies the spirit of progress and
enterprise that has been a dominant factor in the rapid upbuilding of this section
of the country. He was born in Chehalis, Washington, a son of George C. and Louisa
(Bingham) Delaney, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Missouri.
The family is an old and prominent one in the south, many of its members having
occupied high judicial positions and previous to the Civil war they were large planta-
tion owners. The father is now residing at Chehalis, Washington, where he is en-
gaged in business as a rancher and horse dealer.

J. C. Delaney had the advantage of a common school education and having a
desire for knowledge he has through wide reading and study become a well informed
and cultured man. In 1911 he arrived in Portland, where he was first employed by
the Pacific Fruit Company, later becoming salesman for Bell & Company. In 1917 he
secured a position with E. B. Evans, proprietor of an employment agency and in the
following year he purchased the business which he has since continued to conduct,
operating along strictly legitimate lines. He caters exclusively to lumber interests
and has built up a large trade, maintaining branch offices at Astoria. Oregon, and at

HISTORY OF OREGON 373

Centralia, Washington, which he established in 1920. From the Portland office he
sent out nine thousand men last year and in 1921 expects to send out about twenty
thousand. Under the name of Delaney's Monthly Chat he is editing a trade journal
which is sent free to all of his customers, thus giving them a better understanding
of the methods which he employs in conducting his agency. His business methods
are characterized by integrity and progressiveness and he is now at the head of one
of the leading employment agencies in the Pacific northwest.

In 1911 Mr. Delaney was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle Scott of Portland
and they have become the parents of one child, Maurine. Mr. Delaney is an inter-
ested and active member of the Chamber of Commerce and fraternally is identified
with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Knights of Pythias. He is a man of honor-
able purposes and high principles as well as of undaunted enterprise and laudable
ambition in business and wherever known he commands the respect and confidence
of all with whom he is associated.

D. PERRY EVANS.

D. Perry Evans, a leading photographer of Portland, conducting the Rose Studio
in the Washington building and recognized as an artist of unquestioned skill, was
born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, in 18S0, a son of William D. and Jane (Perry) Evans,
the former of whom followed farming as a life occupation. The son was reared on
his father's farm and following his graduation from the high school at Oshkosh he
took up the study of photography and there continued active along that line until
1907 when he came to the west, taking up his residence in Portland where he has
since remained. He is here engaged in business as a photographer, conducting the
Rose Studio which is tastefully furnished and fully equipped with everything necessary
to the successful operation of a first-class studio. He possesses excellent taste in posing
and is thoroughly appreciative of the value of light and shade, turning out most
satisfactory work and as a result is meeting with well deserved success from both a
commercial and artistic point of view.

On the 10th of October, 1914, Mr. Evans was united In marriage to Miss Eliza-
beth Holcomb of this city and they reside in their attractive modern home at No. 950
Kirby street. He is a member of the National Association of Photographers and of
the Pacific Northwest Photographers Association, of which he was secretary in 1918
while in 1919 he was elected to the office of president, thus indicating his high stand-
ing in his chosen line of work. He is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce,
the Progressive Business Men's Club and the Ad Club and fraternally is identified
with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a man of pleas-
ing personality who accords all visitors courteous treatment and is constantly striving
to bring his work to a higher artistic standard. As a consequence his studio is a most
popular one and he enjoys a large and constantly increasing patronage. He is well
known in business circles of the city and his many admirable qualities have won for
him the esteem and regard of a large circle of friends.

HERBERT A. COOKE.

One of the rising young attorneys of Portland is Herbert A. Cooke, who is prac-
ticing his profession in partnership with Major Frank Sever, an able lawyer of this
city and the list of their clients is an extensive and representative one. A native son
of Oregon, Mr. Cooke's entire life has been passed within the borders of the state.
He was born on the 3d of June, 1889, of the marriage of A. C. and Valeska (Yost)
Cooke, the former of whom was born in Clackamas county, Oregon, on the 5th of
February, 1863. His parents, William W. and Martha (Young) Cooke, emigrated
from Missouri to Oregon in 1852, casting in their lot with the earliest settlers of the
state. They had a family of eight children, of whom A. C. was the seventh in order
of birth and his education was acquired in the old Central school of Portland. For
thirteen years he worked as an upholsterer in the employ of J. W. Birmingham and
in 1893 he became identified with the Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company, with
which he has since continued, serving as secretary of the firm from the time of its

374 HISTORY OF OREGON

incorporation as the Ira F. Powers Furniture Company in 1903. Tliis is one of the
oldest and most reliable commercial enterprises in Portland and the trade has stead-
ily increased from year to year until it has reached extensive proportions, eighty
people now being employed in the conduct of the enterprise, while the warehouse
affords a floor space of one hundred and thirty thousand feet. In 18S6 Mr. Cooke was
united in marriage to Miss Valeska Yost, a daughter of Professor R. Yost, a talented
musician and they became the parents of three children: Herbert A., of this review;
Robert R., tire expert for the Pacific States Rubber Company of Portland; and Alfred
E., who is attending school. In his political views Mr. A. C. Cooke is a republican
and fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World. He is also a mem-
ber of the Chamber of Commerce and does all in his power to promote the upbuilding
and expansion of his city along commercial lines.

After his graduation from high school Herbert A. Cooke pursued a law course in
the University of Oregon and on the 4th of June, 1912, was admitted to the bar. He
at once engaged in professional work and for a time was associated in practice with
Mendenhall Brothers but since 1916 has been a partner of Major Frank Sever. Their
offices are located in the Dekum building and theirs is a large and constantly increas-
ing patronage. The partners are progressive, energetic young men who are rapidly
forging to the front in their profession. Mr. Cooke is an earnest and discriminating
student, thoroughly familiar with the principles of jurisprudence and in the trial of
intricate cases he displays marked ability. He has ever conformed his practice to
the highest ethical standards and is well qualified to take care of important litigation.

On the 31st of May, 1916, Mr. Cooke was united in marriage to Miss Edith Breed-
love, a resident of this city and a daughter of Dennis Breedlove. of Bend, Oregon.
The only child of this marriage is a son, Donald Alfred.

Mr. Cooke is a stanch republican in his political views, active in support of the
principles and candidates of the party. He is a member of Delta Theta Phi, a legal
fraternity, and is also identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Royal Arcanum.
For three years he was connected with the Oregon National Guard as a member of
Troop A of the Cavalry. He is making continuous progress in his profession and is
a splendid representative of the western spirit of enterprise and energy that has been
the chief factor in the rapid upbuilding and development of the Pacific coast country.
He has never been content with the second best but is constantly striving to reach
a higher level and his many sterling qualities have gained him an enviable position
in the respect and regard of all who have been brought into contact with him.

RIGHT REV. A. HILLEBRAND, V. G. Prot. Apost. a. i. p.

One of the leading moral and religious forces of western Oregon is the Right
Rev. A. Hillebrand, who has since coming to America been a powerful instrument in
advancing the prosperity of the northwest. He is a native of Germany, born at
Brilon, Westphalia, July 19, 1859, a son of A. and Catherine (Weber) Hillebrand.

The early education of Father Hillebrand was received in the elementary schools
of his native land and after the usual course he attended the gymnasium, from which
he was graduated in 1881. He matriculated at the University of Miinster, where he
studied philosophy, philology and theology and later became a student at the Ameri-
can College in the University of Louvain, Belgium. On June 28, 1885, he was ordained
to the priesthood at Louvain by the Right Rev. Aegidius Junger. bishop of Nisqually
of the state of Washington, who was at that time in Belgium. When Bishop Junger
returned to Oregon, Father Hillebrand accompanied him and was placed in charge
of the missions in the eastern part of Oregon, then a district two hundred and fifty
by three hundred miles in extent. For three strenuous years he lived the life of a
pioneer missionary priest, traveling on horseback over this extensive region, then
thinly populated. As a result of the zeal and capability displayed by Father Hillebrand
in his work in this country, surrounded by many difficulties almost unknown at the
present time, he was appointed, July 4, 1888, as pastor of St. John's parish, Oregon
City. Here he remains and his efforts have been rewarded with a substantial
measure of success. St. John's is today recognized as one of the best organized par-
ishes in Oregon and under the able administration of Father Hillebrand it has been
necessary during the past twenty years to enlarge the church to twice its original
size, the latest addition having been made in 1908. A new parochial residence has

RT. REV. A. HILLEBRAND. V. G.. PROT. APOST.. a.

HISTORY OF OREGON 377

been erected and in 1907, as a crowning feature of the educational system of the
parish, the McLaughlin Institute was added. This institution, the outgrowth of St.
John's parochial and high schools, is named in honor of Dr. John McLoughlin, who
has been given the title of the "Father ot Oregon," and whose remains rest beneath
the St. John's church, which location has been set apart tor a baptistry chapel, and
is a monument to his memory. In the effort to preserve the old AIcLoughlin home
of Oregon City as a memorial to the man who will long be remembered as one of
the leading pioneers, Father Hillebrand has been a prominent worker.

The silver jubilee of the entrance of Father Hillebrand into the priesthood was
celebrated June 28, 1910, and the following notice of the affair appeared in one of
the local papers: "Rev. A. Hillebrand, pastor of St. John's, Oregon City, on Tuesday
of this week, celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of his ordination to the priest-
hood. Most Rev. Alexander Christie and a large number of the archdiocesan clergy
were present at the jubilee services. Solemn high mass was celebrated at ten o'clock
by the reverend jubilariau in the presence of a congregation which filled St. John's
church to the doors. At one o'clock dinner was served to the visiting clergy and in
the evening a public reception was held in McLoughlin hall, at which a great throng
gathered. It was a joyful occasion for the people of Oregon City, both Catholic and
non-Catholic, who turned out in great numbers to present their felicitations to Father
Hillebrand, who has earned their affection and gratitude by twenty-two years of
zealous labors in their community." Three years after this auspicious occasion, in
1913, Father Hillebrand was appointed vicar general of the archdiocese of Oregon City
and still administers that office, and on April 7, 1920, by virtue of a brief from Pope
Benedict XV, he w^as elevated to the post of prothonotary apostolic and installed in
that high office officially June 28, 1920. This installation took place on the thirty-
fifth anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood and was performed by Archbishop
Christie. This high ecclesiastical office carries with it the title of Monsignor. At
the time of his appointment to this office he was the only one holding same west of
Dubuque, Iowa. In the archdiocese he serves as diocesan consulter, dean, examiner
of the clergy, censor of books and a member of the diocesan school board. Fraternally
he is affiliated with the Catholic Knights of America.

The McLoughlin Institute has an enrollment of two hundred and fifty pupils,
who are instructed by eight specially equipped teachers. Father Hillebrand is master
of several languages and among the members of his flock not less than four languages
are spoken. He has always been a deep and sincere student and his library embraces
some five thousand volumes. His collection of scientific and historical works consists
of books prepared in all languages and his theological collection is considered one ot
the finest on the coast. It is almost needless to say that during the time Father
Hillebrand has been pastor of St. John's parish he has made hosts of friends, both
within and without the church, for his kindly and helpful influence has been a con-
stant incentive to a better life among his own people and he has won their highest
esteem and devoted love.

ERNEST V. JENSEN.
A Man Who Love.? the American Flag.

The man accounted the bravest citizen of Rome was he who did most love and
best serve his country. In America service should command the highest appreciation
because on the service of the citizen alone rests the destiny of the nation.

From times as far as we have been able to delve into the past, men have made
for tTiemselves ensigns which have always possessed a significance characteristic of
the individual, tribe or nation. As nations developed and adopted flags, the banners
represented in a composite and concrete significance the character of the governments
they symbolize.

On the sensitive soul ot Ernest V. Jensen the sight ot the American flag on the
high seas made a deep impression. Two-score years ago the Star Spangled Banner
was not so common a sight in the ports ot the world as in this day. Ernest's boyhood
had been spent under the frowning walls of the old castle which for centuries has
guarded the Cattegat, in whose grimy casements slumbers Old Holger Danske, founder
ot the Danish nation and upon whose ramparts walked the ghost ot Hamlet's father.

378 HISTORY OF OREGON

His parents were humble folk. Ernest Jensen's father, when a boy at the age of seven,
had to work herding geese which after harvest picked up grain. And to keep time,
for they had no clock, he had thirteen sticks, one long and twelve short, which with a
string to make a circle he used as sundial or clock, putting the long stick in the
ground and the first short stick where the shadow was, then divided the circle into
twelve spaces for hours and when the shadow got to so many sticks he knew it was
time to drive the geese home. His forefathers had fought under Christianity's banner,
the cross of white on a field of red, and Ernest, though young, imbibed much of its
symbolism. But the economic problem was grave. Even Denmark's poets sang sadly
of the country as "A poor little land." America was discussed at almost every humble
fireside as the Land of Opportunity.

Ernest V. Jensen was born October 29, 1859, in Copenhagen, Denmark. When
fourteen years of age he shipped as a sailor on board a Danish schooner bound for
Norway and on the sea found the curriculum of the sailing masters included frequent
and forceful applications of a rope end. At Grimstad, Norway, on an occasion when
his flesh was smarting from a particularly severe application of the captain's rope he
took leave without speech or ceremony and walked in shore at early morning, going all
the way to Arendal, a distance of thirty-two miles, where he was lucky enough to
obtain a berth on a bark. The Gleice, about to depart on her maiden voyage.

December, 1874, to New York. It was on his first voyage to New York that he
heard the sailors discussing the American flag. Aboard the bark Bible reading was a
daily service, which was no doubt responsible for Jensen's adopting a course of conduct
not usually accredited to sailors. It was on this voyage to New York that Seaman
Jensen first saw the American flag. Because of mishap a vessel sighted on the high
seas was signaled and on approaching it proved to be a "Yankee" and he beheld with
emotion the banner of stars and stripes. To him it was the most beautiful thing he
had ever seen. He beheld it with reverence and tears came to his eyes. To him it
was something holy. Such was the character of the impression thought-association had
made upon his soul. When the vessel continued its way he watched the flag until it
sank beneath the horizon and during the still watches of succeeding nights the flag
fluttered through his dreams.

Ernest Jensen made nine more voyages across the Atlantic. Just before leaving
Denmark on one of his voyages Mr. Jensen promised an old professor that he would
bring him back some corn, and he brought him tour ears. He signed on the Gleance of
Dundee, Gramsby, Good Friday, 1882. This was a steel-mast bark carrying rails to
Buenos Aires for the railroad that was to connect the Atlantic with the Pacific in
South America, the line from Buenos Aires to Valparaiso. The ship after rounding the
Horn came up the west coast of the two Americas to Astoria, Oregon, October 4, 1882.
Here he renounced the sea and came ashore to remain. This was not so easy a
matter in those days as sailors were in demand and to keep from being shanghaied was
a more difficult task than finding a landsman's job. He "shipped" with a farmer who
sent him out to milk. The young "sea-farmer" was confident he could milk and
cheerily cast anchor alongside Bossy. He had an idea he could milk but Bossy enter-
tained positive ideas to the contrary. He had only just got nicely started when Bossy
with one strong, broad sweep with her starboard foot aft sent him sprawling overboard
amid a spray of milk. In the argument that followed in which the captain of the farm
took a hand there was nothing said about honorable discharge, but was very definite
otherwise.

Taking up his residence in Astoria he followed fishing until 1888, and on January
18, 1889, he went to The Dalles where he entered the employ of a mercantile company
and it was there that his creative ability first began to manifest itself. Entering upon
miniature work and window trimming he soon became proficient in the art and in 1889,
prior to the destruction of the Maine, he had used the battleship as a model in a
window display which won for him prominence from coast to coast. He has done
window dressing and miniature work for the leading mercantile establishments in the
Pacific northwest and in his chosen profession is recognized as an artist of superior
skill and ability. While living in The Dalles, Mr. Jensen served seven and one-half
years in the voluntary fire department and for this service he received a diploma.

In 1887, Mr. Jensen was married at The Dalles to Miss Mattie Foley, a grand-
daughter of Dr. Foley, a prominent pioneer for whom Foley Springs was named, but
his wedded life was destined to be short, Mrs. Jensen giving her life in presenting him
with a daughter less than two years after marriage.

At The Dalles Jensen raised the funds to erect a fountain on one of the principal

HISTORY OF OREGON 370

business corners of the town and his patriotism cost him his job. Among his most
notable works may be mentioned the following: A working model of the Columbia river,
for which he was awarded a gold medal in 1905. In this working model of the Columbia
river exhibited at the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition, Portland, Oregon, 1905,
for which he received the gold medal, for the first time small salmon were placed in
captivity for six months. Through that model the fish commissioner, Mr. Webster,
discovered and advocated to the United States fish department and the state of Wash-
ington, that it was best to keep the small salmon until they were large enough to take
care of themselves; which plan has been adopted by the state of Oregon at its salmon
hatchery; a model sheep ranch showing the sheep, receiving a bronze medal in 1905; a
shield made from grain grass and seed, winning him a bronze medal in 1905; a
model reproduction of the Columbia river from the Pacific ocean to the Cascade locks,
including the Columbia highway, for which he was awarded a silver medal at the
Panama Pacific Exposition in 1915; an agricultural picture made of grains, grass and
seed, which won for him the diploma honorable at the above named exposition; model
of the fishing industry of the Columbia river executed for J. Lindenberger of Astoria,
which in 1906 was awarded a gold medal at the exposition held in Milan, Italy; model
of Multnomah falls, receiving for this a gold medal in 1907; model of the Oregon
rural school, which was awarded a gold medal at the Panama-Pacific Exposition in
1915. In 1915, the state of Oregon conferred upon him the diploma and in 1916 he
received a gold medal from the Portland Rose Society. His model of Celilo Canal is a
great work of 1917, comprising eleven pieces and weighing in all 3,000 pounds.

In 191S he advocated the use of the Cascade locks for development of electric
power. He went before the Astoria Chamber of Commerce and the Port Commissioners
and was referred to the state legislature, after which he made the model of the country
surrounding the Cascade locks, which model has been standing In the state house for
the last two years.

His Christianity was very largely of his own interpretation and therefore distinctive.
He was active in the young people's societies — the Y. M. C. A. and the Epworth League.
He was a delegate from The Dalles to the first state convention of the Epworth League
held in the old Taylor street church in Portland. He was also delegate to the Pacific
Coast Y. M. C. A. convention held in Seattle in 1885, when the waterfront was occupied
by Indian tepees. His was a democratic Christianity and one tor which he did not
hesitate to fight. In those days The Dalles, as well as Astoria, was distinguished
more for the number of saloons per hundred inhabitants than the number of churches
per thousand. When the Salvation Army invaded Astoria it met a warm reception.
The saloon forces felt that it was interfering with business and the Salvation Army
hallelujahs, when the fight raged fiercest, might be heard from within gaol walls almost
as often as without. The democracy of the Northlands was in Ernest Jensen's religion
as well as in his social and political code and he promptly espoused the cause of the
Salvation Army when the regulars came to the Y. M. C. A. and asked for volunteer
reinforcements. It was a merry fight while it lasted, but in the end the little squad of
persecuted Salvationists won the right to carry their banner on the streets and to
plant it at the very portals of any jag bazaar whose denizens they might deem most
in need of their prayers. And now the saloon is among the dead things of yesteryear
and the Salvation Army ranks higher in the esteem of the world than at any previous
time. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias and is a member of
Harding Republican Club and has membership in the Oregon Historical Society,
Roosevelt Memorial Association, the Portland Rose Society and the American Rose
Society. Mr. Jensen recently took up the work of photography, in which he has been
unusually successful as an amateur, obtaining second prize at the state fair at Salem
for his landscapes and first prize at the fair at Gresham on similar views — 1920.

But through the years Ernest Jensen's soul has been wrapt in "Old Glory." He
possesses one of the greatest collections of fiags in this or any other country. When
he makes a present, which is very frequently, it is an American flag. These presents
have for a large part been to prominent men of the world who have visited Portland
and the list includes Prince Axel of Denmark who came to Portland in 1918; and
Sir John A. Macdonald, premier of Canada. The beautiful flag at the altar of Wau-
coma Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of Hood River was presented by Mr. Jensen. But he
has one flag which is his particular pride and which he calls his historic banner.
Beneath its folds many distinguished personages of foreign lands, men of prominence
in the nation and most of the men of prominence in the state have spoken. This
list numbers nearly two hundred. When Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt spoke

380 HISTORY OF OREGON

at the Multnomah county fair at Gresham in 1919 and was told that his father had
twice spoken from beneath that flag, he turned and reverently saluted the banner.
To mention a few of the names will show its associations: Frank Goorden, governor
of Idaho; Geo. E. Chamberlain, governor of Oregon; Senator Beveridge; President W. H.
Taft; Senator F. Mulkey; Congressman N. J. Sinnott; Congressman C. N. McArthur,
Senator Robert M. La FoUette; Ex-Vice President of the United States, Chas. W. Fair-
banks; Lieutenant General Sir R. S. S. BadenPowell; Hon. Oswald West, governor of
Oregon; Gipsy Smith, evangelist; Hon. Mayor H. R. Albee; Charles Merle D'Aubigne of
France; Lieutenant Davide Bosio of Palermo, Italy; Editor J. A. Macdonald, LL. D.,
Toronto, Canada; Senator James E. Watson; Rev. Billy Sunday; Hon. Governor Withy-
combe of Oregon; Hon. Charles E. Hughes; Senator Charles L. McNary; E. D. Baldwin,
secretary of State Central Committee; Henry D. Estabrook; Mayor George L. Baker;
Hon. Governor Lister of Washington; Hon. Governor Alexander of Idaho; Ex-Congress-
man Richmond P. Hobson of Merrimac tame; Bishop Matthew Simpson Hughes; Dr.
Joshua Stansfield; Bishop Eben S. Johnson of darkest Africa; Lieutenant Bruno Roselle
from the Italian front; Madame Angeline of Rome; Ella Flagg Young, of Chicago; Hon.
S. Benson, of Portland; Rt. Rev. Bishop W. T. Sumner; October 15, 1918, Prince Axel
of Denmark and his party; Lieutenant Commander F. W. Lamb of the Danish Navy;
Commander Johannes Korbin of the Danish Navy; Lieutenant Commander Andreas
Thiele, Danish Navy; Rear Admiral of the Royal Danish Navy; Captain Adolphus An-
drews, U. S. Navy; Hon. Howard S. Candee; Vilhjalmur Stefansson. North Arctic Ex-
plorer; Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt.

United States senators and congressmen, evangelists of national fame, etc. Could
this banner but repeat the words spoken in its presence what a world of thought It could
express! Little beams of memory of these occasions are cherished by Mr. Jensen and
to him the flag speaks the thoughts of many men of many lands and many he is privileged
and proud to call his personal friends. Is it strange that he should revere that flag?
Until the day he shall journey west he will treasure it and it is his desire that it go
with him to that nariow heritage of mortality, after which he has made provision
that it shall become the property of the Oregon Historical Association.

Ernest V. Jensen continues making his models in miniature, usually a service .in
development or public welfare; continues accumulating and presenting priceless flags
with their symbolism; continues spinning a strand of modest and pleasing color into
the thread of the Northlands entering the warp of the wonderful fabric of the Ameri-
can nation — a strand for which no American need blush nor the king of Denmark
apologize.

GEORGE G. RAE.

George G. Rae, who was long prominently identified with the lumber industry in
the northwest and for many years made his home in Portland, there passed away on
the 12th of February, 1918. in his seventy-fifth year. He was born in Scotland. July 11,
1843, a son of John and Isabella Rae. He spent the period of his boyhood and youth
in his native land and had reached the age of twenty-six years ere he severed home ties
and came to the new world, leaving bonny Scotland in 1S69. For a time he resided in
San Francisco and then came to Portland, where he entered the employ of the Willa-
mette Steam Mills, with which he was connected for fourteen years. Not long after
entering the employ of this concern he was given charge of the yards as salesman.
When at length he left the company he became one of the organizers of the Inman-
Poulsen Lumber Company, of which he was made vice president. This company has
the record of cutting more lumber in a two-year period than any other one-side mill
in the world. Mr. Rae, as vice president of the company, was active in the manage-
ment and control of the business, with which he was connected until 1906, when he
retired. He had previously made various visits to Europe and in 1907 again crossed
the water, spending considerable time in travel through Great Britain and on the
continent.

In 1914 Mr. Rae was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Maxwell. He belonged
to the Masonic fraternity and was a life member of the Benevolent Protective Order
of Elks. In the former organization he attained high rank and became a representative
of Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also belonged to the Hoo Hoos, the
leading organization of lumbermen. His political allegiance was given to the repub-

GEORGE G. RAE

HISTORY OF OREGON 383

lican party and his religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church, in which he
passed away February 12, 191S. He never regretted his determination to seek a
home and fortune in the United States, for he here found the business opportunities
which led him steadily upward until he gained a most substantial position among the
leading business men and lumber dealers of the northwest. His efforts featured in
the utilization of the natural resources of this section of the country and in the up-
building of the state, and the proof of his individual business powers and capability
was seen in the prosperity which ultimately crowned his efforts.

OSCAR HAYTER.

Oscar Hayter, a representative of the Oregon bar, practicing his profession at
Dallas, has spent his entire life in this state. He was born December 3, 1873, on a farm
near Dallas, and is a son of Thomas J. Hayter, an honored pioneer of Oregon and a
representative of an old southern family. The father was born February 8, 1830, in
Franklin, Howard county, Missouri, and there attended school to the age of nineteen
years, when he joined an expedition bound for California. He was first employed as a
teamster for a large concern, transporting hay from the Sacramento meadows to the
various mining camps. In August, 1849, he engaged in mining on his own account,
but in the fall of 1850 sailed from San Francisco for Oregon, arriving in Portland at
a time when it was but a small settlement with a few dwellings. He at once made his
way to Polk county, where he took up a donation claim, but disposed of this in 1852 and
returned to Missouri with the intention of bringing his aged parents to Oregon. But
they were too frail to attempt the long Journey and in 1854 he returned to this state,
taking up his residence on a ranch three miles west of Dallas, where he engaged in
stock raising. In the fall of 1855 he volunteered for service in the Yakima Indian
war and in the following year disposed of his stock ranch, locating on a small tract
of agricultural land three miles east of Dallas, on which he resided for more than a
quarter of a century, adding many improvements to his farm. In 1884 he took up his
abode in the town and there spent his remaining years, passing away on the 30th of
October, 1918, at the age of eighty-eight years. He occupied a position of prominence
in his community and in 1876 was chosen to represent his district in the state legislature,
where he rendered most valuable service. He was a man of liberal culture, gained
through judicious reading, and was largely instrumental in advancing the educational
standards of the state, contributing substantially to the support of La Creole Academy
and serving as a director of his local school district. In 1856 he wedded Miss Mary I.
Embree, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Carey D. Embree, and they became the parents
of six children, namely: Eugene, who is vice president of the Dallas National Bank;
Mark, a prominent dentist of Dallas; J. C, who is here engaged in merchandising;
Oscar, the subject of this review; and Alice and Frank, both of whom are deceased.

The ^on, Oscar Hayter, attended the district schools of Polk county to the age
of ten years and then became a pupil in the public schools of Dallas, subsequently
pursuing a course in La Creole Academy at Dallas. Following his graduation from that
institution he took up the study of law and while thus engaged also acted as compiler
of abstracts for the Clackamas Abstract & Trust Company. On the 9th of October, 1895,
he was admitted to the bar and at once engaged in the practice of his profession,
forming a partnership with Judge J. J. Daly of Dallas, an association which was
maintained until 1900, since which time Mr. Hayter has practiced alone. Mr. Hayter
also has important business interests, being a stockholder and director of the Dallas
National Bank and the Fuller Pharmacy, and has made investments in farm property,
having fourteen acres devoted to the raising of cherries.

On the 20th of July, 1904, Mr. Hayter was united in marriage to Miss Bertha L.
Fuller, daughter of Hon. W. V. and Eliza (Stewart) Fuller, residents of Dallas, where
her father is prominent in timber investments and horticultural circles. Mr. and
Mrs. Hayter became the parents of four children, of whom one died in infancy.
Those living are Elizabeth, Robert and Philip.

Mr. Hayter has also attained prominence in Masonic circles. He was raised to
the sublime degree of Master Mason in Jennings Lodge, No. 9, A. F. & A. M., of
Dallas, March 13, 1896; was exalted to the august degree of Royal Arch Mason in
Ainsworth Chapter, No. 17, R. A. M., of Dallas, May 27, 1897, and received the degree
of Royal and Select Master in Hodson Council, No. 1, R. & S. M., of McMinnville,

384 HISTORY OF OREGON

October 28, 1897. In the Scottish Rite Consistory the fourth to the thirteenth degrees
inclusive were conferred upon him January 10, 1899; the fourteenth degree, February 7,
1899, by Oregon Lodge of Perfection, No. 1; the fifteenth to eighteenth degrees inclu-
sive were conferred upon him December 19, 1899, by Ainsworth Chapter, No. 1, of the
Rose Croix; the nineteenth to twenty-ninth degrees inclusive, January 19, 1900; the
thirtieth degree was conferred upon him January 20, 1900, by Multnomah Preceptory,
No. 1, Knights of Kadosh; the thirty-first and thirty-second degrees, January 20, 1900,
by Oregon Consistory, No. 1, of Portland; and the thirty-third degree, honorary,
January 17, 1920. He also received the degree of Christian Knighthood in De Molay
Commandery, No. 5, K. T., of Salem, Oregon, November 4, 1909; and is a member of
Al Kader Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., having crossed the sands of the desert on the
20th of January, 1900. He served as worshipful master of Jennings Lodge from
189S to 1899 and from 1905 to 1906 and in the chapter he served as excellent high
priest for six years, from 1904 until 1910. He was appointed grand master of the
second veil in the Grand Chapter of Oregon, June 12, 1905, and by regular advance-
ment was elected grand high priest June 10, 1912.

In his political views Mr. Hayter is a democrat, active in support of the principles
and candidates of the party. Since 1913 he has been a member of the state board of
legal examiners and in 1918-19 he served as president of the Oregon Bar Association.
He has been a member of the American Bar Association since 1908.

JOHN PETTIS FINLEY.

John Pettis Finley, engaged in the undertaking business in Portland, was born in
Missouri, December 30, 1844, and in his youthful days attended school in one of the
old-time log cabins, while spending his boyhood in the home of his father, James
Washington Finley, who was also a native of Missouri, born October 13, 1813. In
1852 James W. Finley crossed the plains and took up eighty acres of land in the Santa
Clara valley, California, three miles west of San Jose. There he engaged in farming
until his death, which occurred May 2, 1865. His wife, who bore the maiden name
of Margaret Campbell, was born in Kentucky, February 1, 1820, and died in California,
October 1, 1852, just after the arrival of the family there, her death being occasioned
by mountain fever. Mr. and Mrs. Finley were married in 1838, and were the parents
of seven children, five sons and two daughters, of which number William A., the eldest,
and James, the youngest, have passed away. The others are; Newton G., who was born
in Missouri, and now resides near San Jose, California; Sarah Elizabeth, who was born
in Missouri, and is now the wife of Rev. Joseph Emery; John Pettis; Hugh McNary,
who was born in Missouri, and resides at Corvallis, Oregon; and Annie, who was born
in Missouri, and is the widow of Dr. Embry, who lived at Dallas, Oregon. The eldest of
the family, William A. Finley, was made president of the Methodist College in Corvallis,
Oregon, in 1866, and served in that capacity for many years. The family comes of Scotch
ancestry, on the paternal side, the maternal side being Scotch-Irish. The American
founders of the family came to America and settled in Missouri. Pettis county, Missouri,
was named after one of Mr. Finley's ancestors.

John Pettis Finley was a lad of but seven years when brought to the Pacific coast
and he remained in California until 1887, there following contracting and building for a
time. In 1874 he took up the business of manufacturing lumber in the Santa Clara
valley and in 1879 extended the scope of his business by the establishment of a casket
factory, which was the first industry of the' kind on the coast. In 1887 he removed to
Portland and opened a branch house of the casket company, under the name of the Oregon
Casket Company, conducting the business until December 1, 1892, when he retired from
the wholesale manufacturing department and concentrated his efforts and attention upon
the undertaking business. His present establishment, at Fifth and Montgomery streets.
In Portland, is the finest on the Pacific coast and the most complete establishment any-
where in the country. He designed the building himself and it therefore embraces
everything desirable in such an establishment. The building is one hundred feet square
and there is a garage thirty-five feet by one hundred. Mr. Finley employs the most scien-
tific methods in the care of the dead and his patronage is very extensive. For six years,
or from 1902 until 1908, he served as coroner of Multnomah county.

Before leaving California Mr. Finley was married on the 20th of April, 1869, to Miss
Nancy C. Rucker of Santa Clara county, California, belonging to one of the oldest and

HISTORY OF OREGON 385

most highly respected families of that state, the Ruckers having traveled to California
with the Pinley family in 1852. To Mr. and Mrs. Finley have been born three children:
Anna L., the wife of Frank A. Kenney, representative of the Waterman Pen Company
on the Pacific coast. They were married September 7, 1920; Arthur L. Finley, born in
1873, married Ina Craig of Portland and they are the parents of two sons, John and Craig,
ten and five years of age; Arthur L. is assisting his father in conducting the undertaking
business; the youngest member of the family is W. L. Finley, who was born in 1876,
and who is now a naturalist of national reputation. He married Irene Barnhart of Cali-
fornia and they have two children, Phoebe Catherine and William.

In his fraternal relations Mr. Finley is well known. In 1872 he joined the Independ-
ent Order of Odd Fellows and is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the
Knights of Pythias, the Artisans, the Woodmen of the World and the Knights and Ladies
of Security. He is likewise connected with the Elks and is serving for the fifteenth
term as a trustee of that organization. His religious faith is indicated by his member-
ship in the First Presbyterian church, a faith to which his parents were earnest adher-
ents, and he is also active in politics as a supporter of the republican party. He has
become widely known upon the coast, where he has practically spent his life. He has
seen and assisted in the marvelous growth and development of the golden west, for
sixty-eight years have passed since he was brought by his parents to the Pacific and
through the intervening period he has lived continuously in California and Oregon.

ARTHUR J. RUPERT.

One of the large industrial enterprises of Oregon is that of the A. Rupert Company,
Inc., general merchandise brokers of Portland, with extensive canneries located at various
points in the state. The business stands as a monument to the spirit of energy and
determination and the keen intelligence and powers of organization of its founder and
owner, Arthur J. Rupert, whose name is written high on the roll of the honored dead
who were among the builders and promoters of the great northwest. He was a man
of marked enterprise and his close application wrought for success along the chosen
line of his business activity. He never lowered his standards and he gave to his patrons
dollar for dollar. His business methods were characterized by the progressive spirit
of the age and his integrity was at all times above question.

Mr. Rupert was a native of Canada. He was born in Ontario on the 12th of July,
1875, and was a son of Thomas and Josephine (Green) Rupert, also natives' of Canada.
The father has followed merchandising during the greater part of his life and has also
served as postmaster at Springbrook, Canada, where he still resides. The mother also
survives and they are highly esteemed residents of their community.

Their son, Arthur J. Rupert, was reared and educated at Springbrook, Canada, and
there resided to the age of seventeen years, when he crossed the border into the United
States, making his way to Chicago, where he became identified with the grocery busi-
ness, later acting as city salesman for a large wholesale grocery firm there. He was thus
occupied until about 1904, when he decided to seek the opportunities the west offered
to a young man of enterprise and ability, and going to Aberdeen, Washington, he there
opened a grocery store, which he conducted so successfully that he was at length able
to establish a wholesale grocery business, of which he remained manager for eight
years. On the expiration of that period he came to Oregon and at Portland organized
the A. Rupert Company, Inc., general merchandise brokers. He was most successful
in the management of his business interests, and extending his activities, he gradually
acquired large canneries in the state, becoming the owner of factories at McMinnville,
Springbrook, Newberg, Roseburg, Lebanon, Falls City and Gresham, also acquiring a
plant at Puyallup, Washington, which he continued to operate until the time of his
death. He was a man with highly developed powers of organization, capable of manag-
ing and controlling large interests, and he well deserves classification with Oregon's
captains of industry. The successful management of a large enterprise demands a
thorough understanding of the principles of merchandising, executive ability of a high
order and a keen insight into business conditions, and these qualities he possessed in
an unusual degree.

On the 15th of July, 1895, Mr. Rupert was united in marriage to Miss Letha E.
Cone, a daughter of Milan and Esther (Drake) Cone, natives of Ohio. The father was
a farmer by occupation and his entire life was passed in his native state. He died in

Vol. 11— 2 5

38(j HISTORY OP OREGON

1891 but the mother survives. To Mr. and Mrs. Rupert were born three children:
Emily M., the wife of J. O. Cranford, who is managing the McMinnville plant of the
Rupert Company; Milan A., who is attending Columbia University at New York city;
and Alice D., at home.

In his political views Mr. Rupert was a republican and his interest in the business
development and expansion of his city was indicated by his membership in the Chamber
of Commerce of Portland. His social nature found expression in his membership in
the Waverly Golf Club and the Multnomah Automobile Club and he was also identified
with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Masons, in which he held high
rank, belonging to the commandery and to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at
Portland. Mr. Rupert passed away at his home in Portland on the 22d of January,
1920, at the age of forty-four years, after a short illness, and his demise was deeply re-
gretted, for his integrity in business affairs, his loyalty and patriotism in matters of
citizenship, his fidelity in friendship and his devotion to home and family were charac-
teristics which won for him the high and enduring regard of all with whomi he was
associated. He was a self-made man in the truest and best sense of the term, for his
prosperity was entirely due toi his own efforts. On arriving in Aberdeen, Washington,
1904, accompanied by his wife and three children, he had a cash capital of eight dollars,
but he possessed a great asset in his exceptional business ability and spirit of determina-
tion, and overcoming all obstacles and difficulties in his path, he at length reached the
goal of success.

Mrs. Rupert survives her husband and is at present residing in McMinnville. She
is the principal stockholder in the A. Rupert Company, Inc., and is an excellent business
woman. She is a member of the Church of Christ, Scientist, and her many admirable
qualities have won for her a large circle of warm friends in the locality where she has
long resided.

DANIEL G. CLARK, M. D.

Dr. Daniel G. Clark, engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Harrisburg,
is a native son of Oregon, his birth having occurred five miles southeast of Salem,
in Marion county, December 15, 1873. He is a son of Daniel and Harriet (Schaeffer)
Clark, the former a native of Ireland, while the latter was born in Iowa. When
four years of age the father was brought by his parents to the United States, the
family home being established in Missouri, where Daniel Clark was reared and educated.
In 1843 he crossed the plains to Oregon by means of ox teams, rendering assistance
to another traveler who was also making the long and arduous trip. His first winter
in the state was spent in Washington county and he then removed to Marion county,
taking up a donation claim five miles southeast of Salem, on which the reform school
is now located, this being on the line of the Southern Pacific Railroad. He at once
set about the work of developing and cultivating his land and his perseverance and
determination were at length rewarded and he became the owner of a valuable
property. He was a most progressive and enterprising agriculturist and his was the
first plastered house in Marion county, all of the material used in its construction
being hauled from Portland. He was an energetic, farsighted and sagacious business
man and was very successful in his farming operations, adding to his original holdings
from time to time until he became the owner of eight hundred acres. He utilized the
latest and most modern machinery and equipment in cultivating his land, erecting
thereon splendid buildings, his barns being at that time the largest in the state, and
everything about the place bore evidence of the enterprising spirit and progressive
methods of the owner. He continued to cultivate his farm until his death, which
occurred December 31, 1885, when he was sixty-five years of age. The mother survives
and is residing at Brownsville, Oregon, at the age of seventy-five years. They had
become the parents of ten children, but four of whom are living.

Daniel G. Clark, the youngest member of the family, pursued his early education
in the district schools of Marion county, after which he attended Willamette University
and then entered the Cooper Medical College of San Francisco, now Leland Stanford
University, from which he was graduated in 1899 with the M. D. degree. Returning
to Oregon, he opened an office in Stayton, Marion county, and there continued in
practice tor five years, after which he went to Silverton, Oregon, where he followed his
profession for a period of six years. In 1910 he removed to Harrisburg, and has since

HISTORY OF OREGON 387

resided here, being now accorded a large patronage. He has ever kept thoroughly
informed concerning the latest researches and discoveries of the profession and employs
the most scientific methods in the care of the sick.

On the 21st of June, 1903, Dr. Clark was united in marriage to Miss Roxana
Thompson, who is also a native of this state, her birth having occurred at Waldo
Hills, Marion county, June 15, 1878. She is a daughter of Alexander and Addie (Mc-
Alpin) Thompson, natives of New Jersey, who became pioneers of this state. Coming
to Oregon in the '50s, the father purchased land in Marion county, which he operated
until his death in 1906. The mother survived him for three years, her demise occurring
in 1909. Two children have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Clark: Mildred R., who was
born January 1, 1907; and Lida L., who was born July 24, 1912, and died July 2, 1914.

In his political views Dr. Clark is independent, voting for the candidate whom
he considers best qualified for office, regardless of party affiliation. He has taken a
prominent part in the public affairs of his community, having served as city treasurer,
and is now filling the office of city health officer. He is much interested in the cause
of public education and is now school director. His religious faith is indicated by
his membership in the Church of Christ, and he takes an active interest in its work,
being one of its elders. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order and his
professional connections are with the Oregon State and Central Willamette Medical
Societies and the American Medical Association. He is classed with the leading
physicians of his section of the state, for he has been a close and discriminating
student of his profession and his knowledge and ability have constantly developed.

WILLIS B. MORSE, M. D.

Dr. Willis B. Morse, a successful physician and surgeon of Salem, has ever kept
in touch with the trend of modern professional thought, research and investigation
and his pronounced ability has won for him a foremost place in the ranks of the
medical fraternity of his city and state. A native son of Oregon, he was born in
McMinnville, Yamhill county, March 21, 1866, his parents being William B. and
Nancy E. (McBride) Morse, who were natives of Boston, Massachusetts, and of Mis-
souri, respectively.

The father took to the sea early in life, studying navigation and becoming master
of a vessel at twenty-one years. He made voyages to many of the important ports of
the world and his first trip to the coast of Oregon- and California was made in a sailing
vessel. He later returned west by way of the Isthmus, coming to Oregon by way of
California and settling in Yamhill county. He was later married there and established
his home in McMinnville, to which place his wife had gone with her parents, making the
trip across the plains in 1846.

After his marriage William B. Morse was variously engaged, at one time having a
position at the Grand Ronde Indian Agency under General Phil Sheridan. In 1866 he
was appointed first warden of the state penitentiary, under Governor Woods, and
served for four years, during which time he established many reforms for the better-
ment of the inmates of that institution. During the later years of his life he was con-
nected with the railway mail service until the time of his death in 1883. He was
closely connected with the early history of Masonry in Oregon, was well known to
the fraternity throughout the northwest and counted among his closest personal
friends the prominent men of the order. He was in these various ways identified with
the early development and pioneer life of the state and became well known among the
prominent men whose labors proved so essential a factor in promoting the growth
and prosperity of the state. His widow still survives at the age of eighty-three
years, making her home in Salem. She is the sister of Hon. Thomas A. McBride of the
supreme bench of Oregon.

Dr. Morse was reared at home, acquiring his education in the public schools of
St. Helens and in the high school of Portland, this state, and Wasco Academy at The
Dalles. There his literary course was completed. He determined upon the practice
of medicine as a life work and in the fall of 1887 entered the medical department of
Willamette University at Portland, receiving his diploma upon his graduation from
that institution in April, 1891. He was for a period identified with interests in
Alaska, going to that district in 1899 and there spending six months in mining and

388 HISTORY OF OREGON

prospecting. However, the practice of medicine has been his real life ivoik and to
this the greater part of his time and energies has been given.

He has spent altogether nine months in New York city and Chicago, following
the work of the postgraduate schools and prominent teachers of these cities. He belongs
to the medical societies of his county and state, the American Medical Association
and the American College of Surgeons.

In 1899 Dr. Morse was married to Miss Ethel Cusick of Salem, a daughter of
William A. Cusick, one of the pioneers of Marion county, who came across the plains
from Illinois in the late '40s. In 1906 Dr. Morse was called upon to mourn the loss
of his wife. During the period of the World war he served as chairman of the medical
advisory board, to which all doubtful cases of the draft were referred.

Dr. Morse has been a member of the state board of health for ten years and is now
president of that body. He is an honorary member of the Rotary Club and fraternally
identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, Pacific Lodge, No. 50, F. & A. M.,
Multnomah Chapter, No. 1, R. A. M., De Molay Commandery, No. 5, K. T., of Salem, and
AI Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland. He is rated in his community
as a public-spirited, successful doctor and business man.

PETER HUME.

For many years the name of Peter Hume, now deceased, was identified with the
commercial and political development of Brownsville and Linn county, and for thirty-
five years he was a prominent and familiar figure at republican conventions. His
early life was spent in Nova Scotia, where he was born on the Isle of Cape Breton,
August 16, 1840, and where his family name was associated with large lumbering and
shipbuilding interests. His paternal grandfather, Peter Hume, was the founder of
the family in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Reaching the latter country about
1815, he engaged in lumbering and shipbuilding and in his day was a veritable lumber
king, owning much timber land and many ships. In an unfortunate hour he built
a ship and loaded it with lumber for the English market, but after setting sail nothing
was ever heard of ship, or crew, or owner. The lumber king had left his business in
good hands, however, for while yet a youth his son George, the father of Peter Hume,
had been trained in the various departments of the trade, and for several years before
the departure upon the sea of the old shipbuilder, George Hume had practically man-
aged the enterprise. He was born either in Maine or New Hampshire and was en-
gaged in lumbering and shipbuilding almost up to the time of his death at the age
of sixty. He had married Christy McKay, who was born in Scotland, a daughter of
Donald McKay, and who bore him the following children: Maria, deceased; John,
living in Australia; Mary, residing at Reading, near Boston, Massachusetts; Peter;
George, a resident of New York city; Annie, living in British Columbia; Donald, a
seafaring man; David, living in San Diego, California; Cassie, deceased; Joseph, a
resident of Brownsville, Oregon; Sarah, who resides in Oakland, California; and
Maggie, a resident of Olympia, Washington.

In Nova Scotia, Peter Hume had small opportunity for acquiring an education,
for as early as fourteen years of age he was apprenticed to a carriage maker for a
term of four years and in 1858 he began a similar apprenticeship to a house painter.
In 1862 he came to Oregon via New York, the Isthmus of Panama and San Fran-
cisco, and the following year he went to British Columbia, locating at Nanaimo, where
he worked at house painting and paper hanging. The year 1863 found him seeking
for gold in the great Cariboo mines in northern British Columbia, and in 1867 he
came to Oregon, locating at Brownsville. For some time he worked at his trade and
became much interested in the political agitation then rife throughout the northwest,
little realizing at the time the prominence he was to attain in the community. In
1872 he engaged in the general merchandise business with the late W. R. Kirk, but
sold his interest in 1876 and engaged in farming on a farm of three hundred and sixty
acres near Brownsville. In the meantime, in 1873, with Thomas Kay and others, he es-
tablished the Brownsville Woolen Mills and was elected president of the company, an
enterprise in which he was interested for many years and which he was largely in-
strumental in keeping in Brownsville, for in 1887 parties in Albany offered a bonus
of twenty-five thousand dollars If the mills would move to that city, but Mr. Hume
stepped in, organized a new company and purchased the mills and they have since

PETER HUME

HISTORY OF OREGON 391

been a means of employing labor and stimulating the business life of the town. In
1887, with J. M. Meyer and W. R. Kirk, he organized the Bank of Brownsville, and
In 1892 he removed to Roseburg, where he became cashier of the Douglas County Bank,
remaining in that capacity for five years. During that time the bank passed through
the financial panic that wrecked many institutions throughout the country, and during
this panic the bank's deposits diminished over eighty-five per cent. Returning to
Brownsville directly after the presidential election of 1896, he resumed his former
association with the Bank of Brownsville, retiring from the presidency two years
later, in 1898. In 1899 he resumed farming operations, but in 1902 he took charge
of the planing mill, which he managed and put on a good paying basis, but finding
the duties too heavy, he retired from the business in 1903.

On the 9th of September, 1869, Mr. Hume was united in marriage to Miss Mary
Walter, a daughter of Elias and Naomi J. Walter. Her father was one of the early
settlers of the Willamette valley and located near Brownsville about the same time as
Hon. H. L. Brown, Alexander Kirk and James Blakely, all of whom are now deceased.
Mr. Walter took a prominent part in the early politics of his neighborhood, was justice
of the peace in his precinct for many years and was elected county treasurer in 1861.
He was also a member of the territorial legislature which sat in Oregon City in 1849.
His death occurred in 1867. In early manhood he married Naomi Williams, whose
mother was born in Ontario county. New York, in 1825, and who moved to Michigan
with her parents when four years of age, six years later going to Illinois, her father
having died in the meantime. Eleven years later the Williams family settled in Scott
county, Iowa, and in 1845 the daughter Naomi crossed the plains to Oregon with her
brothers, Charles, Austin and Enos C. Williams, Mr. Walter being also one of the
party, which was under command of Captain Holliday. Arriving at the south fork
of the Platte river, they were surrounded by about five hundred Pawnee Indians, who
tried to stampede their stock and who held the party there during one whole day and
part of another night. Knowing that the United States troops were within a day's
march from them, they managed to hold off the Indians with threats and the promise
of a cow or two and were thus allowed to proceed with their stock. Nevertheless,
the red men raided their camp and plundered their wagons of considerable provisions,
but further than that they had no trouble up to the time of their arrival in Oregon
on the 1st of November, 1845. Miss Williams was married at the home of her brother,
Enos Williams, in Amity, Oregon, October 10, 1846, to Elias L. Walter, and thus the
courtship begun on the plains had a happy termination. The young couple went to
their claim on the Calapooya, fording the Willamette with their ox team and improving
the property, which is still in possession of Mrs. Walter's heirs. This pioneer woman
became well known among the early settlers, and because of her courageous and
fearless life in the midst of danger and adversity, the local cabin of the Native Daugh-
ters of Oregon was named in her honor. Two daughters survive her, Mrs. Hume and
Mrs. Ellen McHargue, of Jennings Lodge, Oregon. Nine children were born to Mr. and
Mrs. Hume: Maude, Clair Austin, Stella, Percy E., Cristy J., Dott, Rex, Anna I. and
Alice L.

In January, 1907, Mr. Hume removed to the Sellwood district of Portland and in
association with other citizens of the locality established the Bank of Sellwood, In
which he held a controlling interest and of which he served as president to the time
of his demise. He has been succeeded by his son-in-law, L. H. Alexander, who is the
husband of his daughter Alice.

Like a sentinel Mr. Hume stood by the republican party in this state, backing it
financially and with his personal efforts during the trying days of its rising supremacy
in the west. He was president of the first city council of Brownsville, and served his
first term as postmaster in 1873, being appointed to the same office again in 1881. He
was the first recorder of this city, serving two terms, and for three or four terms was
school clerk. His fraternal connections were with Brownsville Lodge, No. 36, A. F. &
A. M., and Lynn Chapter, No. 19, R. A. M. He founded Sellwood Lodge, No. 131, A. P.
& A. M., of Portland, Oregon, and served as its first master. At his demise, which
occurred September 12, 1915. this lodge passed a resolution, including a history of
the organization, which was beautifully written by hand and presented to his widow.
He was also a devoted member of the Methodist church and an earnest Sunday school
worker. The life record of Mr. Hume was marked by constant progress until he at-
tained a position of prominence in the commercial, financial and political circles of
Brownsville and Linn county. Coming to this section in pioneer times, he improved
the opportunities here offered and at length reached a place of affluence. At the same

392 HISTORY OF OREGON

time he contributed in substantial measure to the upbuilding and development of the
district in which he lived and his worth as a man and citizen was widely acknowledged.
The community in which he made his home misses his leadership and will never
forget the kindly life and impulse which prompted his public-spirited actions nor his
devotion to the highest ideals.

COLONEL PERCY WILLIS.

Colonel Percy Willis, who for many years was a notable figure in military circles of
the country, rendering distinguished service in both the Spanish-American and World
wars, is now on the retired list and has recently taken up his residence in Portland.
He comes of a family noted for military prowess, his father, Leo Willis, being a lieuten-
ant colonel in the Confederate army, serving under Lieutenant General N. B. Forrest,
while his uncle, John T. Morgan, was a brigadier general in the Army of the Confed-
eracy and after the close of hostilities was elected United States senator from Alabama,
in which capacity he served continuously for thirty years, passing away while occupy-
ing that office.

Colonel Willis is a native of Texas. He was born in Gonzales, February 15, 1865, and
in early youth came to Oregon with his parents. His mother survives and is a resident
of Portland. His sister, Leona, also makes her home in that city, her husband, E. B.
Piper, being the editor of the Oregonian. A brother, Eugene, is well known as deputy
sheriff of Multnomah county, and he likewise resides in Portland. Another brother,
Horace A., is living at The Dalles, Oregon, where he is in the employ of the Oregon-
Washington Railroad & Navigation Company. During the World war he served as a
member of the American Red Cross, going first to Rome, Italy, and later to Vladivostok,
Russia. A sister, Caroline, is the wife of D. C. Bogart of Portland, a traveling salesman
for Zan Brothers, a large manufacturing firm of this city.

At an early age Colonel Willis entered Willamette University at Salem, one of the
oldest educational institutions on the coast, and was graduated therefrom in 1885,
winning the degrees of A. B. and A. M. He then took up the profession of teaching,
becoming an instructor in the public schools of Salem, where he continued for three
years, prior to which period he taught for a year in the county schools of Marion
county. He then entered mercantile circles of Salem and continued therein until the
outbreak of the Spanish-American war. He displayed sound judgment and keen sagacity
in the conduct of his interests and his investments were most judiciously made. He
recently erected a fine modern office building, known as the Willis block, thus contribut-
ing to the substantial upbuilding and improvement of the city.

In the meantime Colonel Willis had identified himself with the Oregon National
Guard, joining Company B, of the Second Infantry Regiment, at Salem, which was at
that time commanded by Captain Samuel L. Lovell, who was also employed in the office
of the secretary of state. His ability and loyalty won him rapid advancement and he
was promoted from private to sergeant, then to first lieutenant, to captain, and at the
outbreak of the Spanish-American war he was commissioned a major in the Second
Oregon Volunteer Infantry, by Governor William P. Lord. With this regiment he served
throughout the war, being stationed at the Philippine Islands, and he also did duty
during the subsequent insurrection on the islands, being recommended for a
brevet lieutenant colonelcy of volunteers by Major General Henry W. Lawton of the
United States Volunteers, because of his meritorious service. After his regiment was
mustered out Colonel Willis again volunteered for service in the Philippines and was
commissioned a captain in the Forty-fifth Regiment, United States Volunteers, with
which he served for nearly two years, doing most arduous work in hunting down the
Philippine insurgents in southern Luzon. Following the muster out of the Forty-fifth
Infantry, Captain Willis was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Artillery Corps of
the regular army in the fall of 1901. The next year he attended the Coast Artillery
School at Fort Monroe, Virginia, for a short time and was promoted to captain of the
Coast Artillery Corps. In 1906 he was graduated from the Coast Artillery School and
in 1915 was commissioned a major in the Coast Artillery, Corps, serving for about a
year on the Mexican border. He also did court martial duty in Alaska. He was present
at the capture of Guam and the surrender of Manila and was with the first detachment
of United States troops which visited Honolulu in 1898, following the annexation of the
islands by the United States government. The troops received a great ovation from

HISTORY OF OEEGON 393

the residents, who turned out en masse to welcome them, the freedom of the city being
extended the American soldiers and sailors.

Colonel Willis rendered equally noteworthy service, during the World war. At the
opening of hostilities he was made commander of trains of the Sixth Division and super-
intended the organization, training and disciplining of that command, and much to his
regret was not permitted to accompany his command to France, being transferred at
the time of their embarkation to Jackson Barracks^ New Orleans, Louisiana, where he
remained throughout the war, training and disciplining troops and forwarding them to
points overseas. He was a strict disciplinarian and was most successful in training
the men under his charge, who also found him kindly, considerate and helpful. He re-
ceived the highest commendation from the mayor of New Orleans for the assistance
which he rendered the citizens of that city throughout this most trying period and
his highly efBcient work in the training of recruits was a potent factor in the victorious
conquests of the United States troops overseas. Colonel Willis has served at various
posts in the United States, notably, Vancouver Barracks, Fort Casey and Fort Columbia,
Washington; Fort Stevens, Oregon; Fort Banks, Fort Strong and Fort Andrews, Massa-
chusetts; Key West Barracks, Florida; Fort Huachuca, Arizona; Fort Monroe, Vir-
ginia, and also at Fort Mills, in the Philippine Islands. Since 1920 he has been on
the retired list, owing to physical disability incident to his service in the campaign
against Germany and is now looking after his business interests, having recently taken
up his residence in Portland.

Colonel Willis was united in marriage to Miss Ida Purvine of Polk county, Oregon,
a daughter of A. J. Purvine, a prominent pioneer of this state. Emma Purvine, a
sister of Mrs. Willis, is the wife of E. T. Prescott of Salem, who is extensively en-
gaged in the raising of prunes and fancy poultry. Another sister, Gertrude, is the
•wife of J. A. Remington, who is connected with the United States postal service. Two
brothers, Albert and Monroe, are employed at the State Hospital for the Insane, at
Salem, Oregon, and another brother, Fred, is engaged in farming near Zena, Polk
county, Oregon. Mrs. Willis also has three half-brothers: Jordan, who is part owner
and manager of the Eggert-Young Shoe Company of Portland, one of the best known
boot and shoe houses in the northwest; Cyrus, a farmer at Dallas, Oregon; and Charles,
who is engineer on a boat running out of Portland.

Colonel Willis is prominent in Masonic circles, having attained the thirty-second
degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory and also belonging to The Knights Templar Com-
mandery and the Mystic Shrine. He is a man of fine military bearing, whose record
is one of unstained honor, commanding for him the admiration and regard of all.
Merit won him his title, and honor is associated with his name wherever his deeds
have been recorded. He stands as a high type of American manhood and chivalry and
Oregon is proud to claim him as a citizen.

IDA MAXWELL CUMMINGS.

Ida Maxwell Cummlngs, formerly county superintendent of schools of Linn county,
is a native of this section of the state, born on the 4th of June, 1867, near Halsey,
Linn county. She is a daughter of Antony P. and Nancy (Powell) Maxwell, natives
of Illinois. Her maternal grandfather devoted his life to preaching the gospel as a
minister of the Christian church. He was one of the honored pioneers of the state,
taking up a donation land claim seven miles from Albany, which he operated for many
years, greatly improving the property. He was a republican in his political views
and was a highly respected citizen of his community. Antony P. Maxwell, the father
of Mrs. Cummings, was a farmer by occupation, and in 1860 he came west to Oregon,
making the journey by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He first located in Linn county
and subsequently went to Idaho, where he met with success in the mines. He then
returned to Linn county and purchased land near Halsey, which he carefully and
systematically cultivated and improved, bringing the farm to a high state of develop-
ment. He employed the most progressive methods in operating his farm and greatly
improved his property by the erection of a fine home and substantial outbuildings.
To his original tract he added from time to time until he became the owner of four
hundred and thirty-tour acres of rich and valuable land. He also specialized in the
raising of pure bred Jersey cattle and Clydesdale and Hambletonian horses and was
equally successful in this line of activity. He continued to operate his land until

•'ifi4 HISTORY OF OREGON'

his wife's death, which occurred in April, 1902, when she was fifty-six years of age.
He then retired and took up his abode with his daughter, Mrs. Cummings, with whom
he resided until his death in 1910, at the age of seventy-six years.

Ida Maxwell Cummings attendsd the district schools of Linn county and subse-
quently was a student at Albany College, the Oregon Agricultural College and the
Oregon State Normal School, from which she graduated in 1889. In 1898 she won a
scholarship which enabled her to attend the School of Domestic Science at Boston,
from which she was graduated in 1899, at the end of six months' study. She then
engaged in teaching, spending one year as an instructor in the Industrial School at
Seattle, Washington, and later she taught in the public schools of Oregon, her con-
nection therewith covering a period of twenty-three years. She was very successful
as a teacher, imp.irting clearly and readily to others the knowledge which she had
acquired and thus arousing inteipsi and enthusiasm in her pupils. Her excellt-nl
work as a teacher led to her election in 1917 to the position of county superintendent
of schools of Linn county from which she resigned April 1, 1921, to engage in the
real estate business, opening an office in Albany, Oregon. She has constantly sought
out new methods to render her work of greater value to the young as a prsparation
for life's practical and responsible duties and she has ever held to high professional
standards. Aside from her professional work Mrs. Cummings has also been successful
in other lines and is the owner of considerable property in Linn county.

On the 3d of July, 1910, Miss Maxwell was united in marriage to W. A. Cummings,
from whom she secured a legal separation in June, 1914. During the World war Mrs.
Cummings rendered valuable aid to the government through the sale of Thrift Stamps.
Linn county at one time ranking second in the amount of sales. Her political alleg-
iance is given to the republican party, while fraternally she is identified with the
Rebekah lodge. She is also connected with the Grange and her religious faith is in-
dicated by her membership in the Christian church, to whose teachings she loyally
adheres. She resides at No. 227 West Fourth street, in Albany, and is the owner of
this property. A lifelong resident of this state, ilrs. Cummings has been an interested
witness of its development and upbuilding and at all times has lent her aid and co-
operation to plans and projects for the public good. She has attained a position of
distinction in educational circles of the state and is a woman of innate culture and
refinement, with whom association means expansion and elevation.

EDWARD WINSLOW RUMBLE.

"Death loves a shining mark." So felt the many friends of Edward W. Rumble
when the news was received of his sudden death at Portland, Oregon, March 17, 1919.
A man of winning personality, warm-hearted friendliness, unselfishness and generosity,
his loss was a severe blow to his family, friends and business associates. He was con-
nected with many business enterprises throughout the state and wherever he went the
integrity of his business methods, his enterprise, his progressive citizenship and sterling
personal worth gained for him the warm regard of all who knew him.

Edward W. Rumble was born in Washington county, Iowa, in 1867. In his early
life he knew all the hardships of a pioneer boyhood on a farm in Wallowa county,
Oregon, where his parents settled when they crossed the plains from Iowa in 1880. His
education was secured under difficulties, for it was eight miles to the nearest school
— a long ride on horseback through all kinds of weather and with his share of the
farm work before and after school. Yet at sixteen years of age he was teaching school
and afterwards attended the old Blue Mountain University at La Grande, Oregon, and
the Portland Business College. His parents are the fine type of pioneer people and
their home has always been noted for its hospitality. His father, John A. Rumble, was
a member of Company D, Fourth Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, and served throughout the
Civil war. He is a progressive citizen and has held a number of public offices with
capability and fidelity.

E. W. Rumble was interested in many lines of business in eastern Oregon — mer-
chandising, warehousing, and was manager of the Elgin-Joseph stage line until the
railroad was built into Wallowa county. In the spring of 1915 he removed to Portland,
where he organized the Columbia Basin Wool Warehouse Company, which developed
into a magnificent thing for the wool growers, constituting a most important element in
the development of the wool industry in the northwest. It became the biggest under-

EDWARD W. RUMBLE

HISTORY OF OREGON 397

taking of the kind west of Boston and Mr. Rumble, in addition to being general manager,
was among the heaviest stockholders of the company, which has two main warehouses,
one in Boston and one in Portland. Mr. Rumble was a man of keen business insight and
of broad vision and his activities were always of a character that contributed to public
progress and prosperity as well as to individual success.

Mr. Rumble was married twice. His first wife was Miss Clara McCully, who passed
away in 1904. Five years later he married Miss Daisy Starr, whose parents were pio-
neers of Oregon, her father crossing the plains in 1849. Mrs. Rumble is a graduate of
the State Normal School at Monmouth, Oregon, class of 1899, and engaged in teaching
up to the time of her marriage.

Mr. Rumble was a thirty-second degree Mason and a life member of the Mystic
Shrine and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He was a loyal follower of the
teachings of these fraternities and believed firmly in the principles of universal brother-
hood upon which the Masonic order rests. His political allegiance was always given
to the republican party. His sudden death, in the prime of life and at the height of
his usefulness, was the occasion of widespread regret, for he had made for himself a
prominent place in the community. He was interested in the Chamber of Commerce
and other civic and commercial activities and throughout the period of his residence
in the northwest he contributed in substantial measure to the business development
of the state. One of the papers of La Grande, Oregon, said of him: "In the death of Ed
Rumble at Portland today passes one of the finest men in Union and Wallowa counties,
his friends and business associates agree." The same opinion was shared wherever he
was known, for his fine character and personal qualities won for him affection, honor
and esteem.

FRANK J. LONERGAN.

Frank J. Lonergan, an able representative of the Portland bar and member of
the firm of Griffith, Leiter & Allen, well known attorneys of this city, has here prac-
ticed his profession since 1908. A native of Illinois, he was born in Polo, Ogle county.
May 27, 1882, a son of John S. and Mary (Lynch) Lonergan. His parents were born
in Ireland and in the early '60s emigrated to America, their marriage occurring at
Dixon, Illinois, where for many years the father engaged in railroading. He now
resides at Durand, Illinois, and has reached the age of eighty-three years, but the mother
passed away in 1918. They reared a family of ten children, namely: James, Edward,
Anna, John, Mary E., Agnes A., George M., Charles P. A., Frank J. and Joseph M.
Of these Rev. Joseph M. Lonergan is a priest of the Catholic church and is stationed
at Durand, Illinois. During the World war he served as chaplain of the Eighty-sixth
Division and later of the Twentieth Engineers. George Lonergan, also a veteran of
the World war, received his training at Camp Devens, near Boston, Massachusetts,
after which he was sent overseas with the Twenty-fifth Engineers and participated in
the terrific struggle in the Argonne forest, where he was gassed.

Frank J. Lonergan, the ninth of the family, was graduated from the high school at
Polo, Illinois, in 1899, as president of his class, after which he entered Notre Dame
University of Indiana, graduating therefrom in 1904 with the degree of LL. B., and
he was also president of his class. He then took up the profession of teaching and
from 1904 until 1908 was instructor in history and economics at Columbia University.
In the latter year he was admitted to the Oregon bar and has since practiced his
profession in Portland, being now a member of the law firm of GriflSth, Leiter & Allen,
leading attorneys of this city, with oflSces in the Electric building. He is an able
lawyer, well versed in all branches of the law, and his ability is manifest in the logic
of his deductions and in the clearness of his reasoning.

On the 19th of August, 1912, Mr. Lonergan was united in marriage to Mrs. Jean
James (nee Davidson) a native of Texas, who previous to her marriage had served
as one of the nurses in the Good Samaritan Hospital and had also acted as ofBce
assistant for Dr. Allan W. Smith.

In religious faith Mr. Lonergan is a Catholic and is a prominent and active member
of the Knights of Columbus, being a past grand knight of Portland Council, a past
state deputy and at the supreme convention of that order held recently at New York
city was elected supreme director for a term of three years. He is a member of the
Pacific Coast Claim Agents' Association and his interest in the welfare and upbuild-

:U)8 HISTORY OF OREGON

ing of his city is indicated by his connection witli the Chamber of Commerce. He was
a Four-Minute speaker under the president of the United States during the World
war. He is much interested in athletic sports and is a life member of the Multnomah
Amateur Athletic Club, playing on its football team in 1904, 1906 and 1907. He also
played on the varsity team of Notre Dame and for four years was coach of the football
team of Columbia University, becoming well known in the field of athletics. Other
fraternal connections are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Royal
Arcanum. He holds to high standards in professional service, has great respect for
the dignity of his calling and zealously devotes his energies to his profession, in which
he is making steady advancement. He is recognized as a successful attorney, a public-
spirited citizen and a loyal friend and is held in high esteem by all who have come
in contact with him.

H. T. CAMPBELL.

Among the leading music houses of Portland is the Bush & Lane Piano Company
of which H. T. Campbell is the manager. He is proving entirely equal to the responsibil-
ities which devolve upon him in this connection and his services are very valuable
to the company which he represents. Mr. Campbell is a native of Michigan. He was
born in Escanaba and is a son of A. A. and Mary Jane (Nugent) Campbell. The father
was formerly identified with the piano business in Michigan but is now connected with
the Seattle establishment of the Bush & Lane Piano Company as salesman.

After completing his high school education H. T. Campbell entered commercial
circles in connection with the piano business and has since continued along this line,
acquiring a thorough and comprehensive knowledge of the trade. For ten years he
has been identified with the Bush & Lane Piano Company, becoming manager of the
Portland branch on the 1st of April, 1920. This is a very large corporation, maintain-
ing ten branches in the United States, of which the Portland establishment is one of
the largest, its territory comprising Oregon, Idaho and northern California. The store
is centrally located at the corner of Broadway and Alder street, a very desirable situa-
tion, and utilizes three stories of the Bush & Lane building, where employment is
given to thirty persons. They handle the Bush & Lane piano exclusively and also
carry the Bush & Lane, Victor and Columbia phonographs. Mr. Campbell is proving
energetic, resourceful and progressive in the conduct of the extensive business of
which he is the head and under his management the trade of the company is growing
steadily. He keeps in close touch with every detail of the business, with which his
broad experience has made him thoroughly familiar and his services are proving very
satisfactory to his employers.

In 1915 Mr. Campbell was united in marriage to Miss Alma Grell, of Everson,
Washington, and they have become the parents of a daughter, Emily Louise. He is
a republican in his political views and an earnest and active member of the Portland
Chamber of Commerce. He is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Scottish Rite Con-
sistory and to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine and he is also identified with
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. The fact that he has continued in the field
which he first entered is one reason for his gratifying success and as the years have
passed he has gained wide experience which makes him an authority in his line of
work. A spirit of enterprise and progress has actuated him throughout the entire
period of his connection with business affairs, bringing him to his present position of
responsibility and he is regarded as a valued citizen of his community by reason of his
high principles and many substantial personal qualities.

MARTIN LUTHER FORSTER.

Modern agriculture requires for its development an efficiency and a thorough knowl-
edge which amount almost to a science. It has become recognized as an occupation in
•which practical methods result in a high degree of prosperity and in the cultivation
of his fine farm adjoining the town of Tangent, Martin Luther Porster exemplifies the
truth of this statement. All of the features of the model farm of the twentieth century

HISTORY OF OREGON :3!)0

are found on liis place and it is one of the best equipped and most attractive farms
not only in Linn county but in the entire state.

Mr. Forster was born near New Windsor, in Mercer county, Illinois, February 9,
1861, and is a son of Frederick H. and Martha J. (Harold) Forster, the former a native
of Indiana and the latter of Illinois. The father removed to Illinois prior to the out-
break of the Civil war, in which all of his brothers participated, but owing to ill health
he was not qualified for service. Purchasing land in Mercer county, Illinois, he de-
voted his attention to its development and improvement until 1866, when he went to
Iowa and in Lucas county purchased eight hundred acres of land, for which he paid
six dollars per acre. He was engaged in the cultivation of that farm for a period
ot ten years, or until 1876, when he went to Kansas and took up a homestead, which
he cleared and developed, residing thereon for about six years, but the drought and
grasshoppers proved so disastrous to his crops that he decided to abandon his claim
and returned to Iowa. There he purchased another farm and this he continued to
operate throughout the remainder ot his life. He passed away on the 8th of December,
1919, at the venerable age of ninety-three years, while the mother's death occurred
in December, 1877, when she was forty-five years of age.

Their son, Martin L. Forster, pursued his education in the schools ot Iowa and
in 1876, when fifteen years of age, began working as a farm hand and later engaged
in railroad work. In March. 1883, he came to Oregon, where for four years he was
employed at farm labor in the employ of others. In 1887 he engaged in farming inde-
pendently and in 1888 his wife inherited a portion of her father's estate, which Mr.
Forster has since operated. The property adjoins the town of Tangent on the north
and west and to his original holdings he added by additional purchase and also sold
a portion of his land. He has made a close study of the needs of the soil and climatic
conditions in relation to the production of crops here and a spirit of enterprise charac-
terizes him in all of his work. His standards of farming are high and he is winning
success by reason of his sound judgment, unfaltering enterprise and progressive methods.
He Is ever quick to adopt new ideas in the operation of his farm and his plowing is
done by means of a tractor. His barns and outbuildings are among the finest to be
found in the state and all are equipped with electricity, which he also uses in milking
and separating the milk from the cream. His farm residence is a fine modern struc-
ture, equipped with all the improvements and conveniences which are found in the
best city homes. He has four silos on his farm and for the past seven years has en-
gaged in buying and shipping stock. He now ships from fifty to eighty thousand
dollars' worth of stock each year and his operations along that line are most extensive
and profitable, ranking him with the successful and prominent stock dealers in the
state. He makes a business of feeding cattle in the winter months and also raises
hogs. For thirteen years Mr. Forster engaged in operating the Tangent Prune Nursery
and his horticultural interests were most profitably managed, his first crop of prunes
netting him one thousand dollars per acre. He gradually extended his operations along
that line until his nursery contained two hundred thousand trees, but owing to the
reduction in prices he has since discontinued his work in that connection. He is also
the owner of a threshing outfit but does not now engage to any great extent in that
branch of activity. He is a man of splendid business ability, whose connection with
any undertaking ensures a prosperous outcome for the same, for it is in his nature to
carry forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes.

On the 3d of July, 1888, Mr. Forster was united in marriage to Miss Georgiana Set-
tlemire, a daughter of H. W. and Lydia A. (King) Settlemire, natives of Illinois. Her
father crossed the plains to Oregon with his parents in 1849 — a trip that was fraught
with much suffering and hardship and their lives were also imperiled by that dread
disease, cholera, which was prevalent at that time. In 1850 they arrived in Oregon
City, Oregon, and there the family lived for some time. H. W. Settlemire was fifteen
years of age at the time ot his arrival in this state and he worked in the employ of
others and also raised watermelons, which he sold to the miners at from two and a
half to five dollars each. At length the family removed to Mount Angel, Oregon, where
the father of Mr. Settlemire spent the remainder of his life. About 1854 his son
arrived in Linn county, where he purchased land which is now operated by his son-
in-law, Mr. Forster. He also engaged in the operation ot a nursery, which he continued
to conduct tor more than fifty years, winning a substantial measure ot success in that
and his farming operations. He passed away in April, 1912, while his wife's death
occurred in March, 1911. To Mr. and Mrs. Forster were born six children, namely:
Grace, who married L. W. Weber of Salem, Oregon; Vera, the wife of Clarence Under-

400 HISTORY OF OREGON

■wood of Hood River, and the mother of one child, Florence; Frederick H., who foUowa
farming near Harrisburg and by his marriage has become the father of one child,
Mabel; A. Raymond, a farmer residing near Tangent, who is married and has one
child, Irene; Zella, the wife of Z. G. Hayes, of Grays Harbor, Washington; and Everette,
at home.

In his political views Mr. Forster is a republican and has taken a prominent part
in public affairs of his community, serving as road supervisor for fourteen years, dur-
ing which period he was instrumental in securing the building of some excellent dirt
roads. His services have frequently been sought in other public connections, but he
has little time for outside interests, as his extensive business affairs require his un-
divided attention. However, he is a most public-spirited citizen and his aid and in-
fluence are always on the side of advancement and improvement. Fraternally he is
identilied with the Masons, the Order of the Eastern Star and the Knights of The
Maccabees, and his wife is a member of the ladies' auxiliary of the last two named
organizations. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist
Episcopal church. South, and bis life has ever been guided by its teachings. Mr. Forster
is one of the most progressive and successful agriculturists of Linn county. He is a
man who would be an acquisition to any community, his irreproachable character no
less than his achievements giving him a commanding position and compelling his recog-
nition as one destined to lead in anything he undertakes.

CHARLES THOMAS SWEENEY, M. D.

Dr. Charles Thomas Sweeney, a successful representative of the medical profession
at Medford, was born in Johnson county, Missouri, September 10, 1869, a son of William
and Nancy M. (Stone) Sweeney. In the paternal line he is a representative of old
colonial stock, the American branch of the family being founded in Virginia prior to
the Revolutionary war. Charles Sweeney was born in Virginia in 1766 and married
Frances Shackelford, whose birth also occurred in Virginia in 1776. Both represented
early American families, whose names are associated with the military struggle for
independence and with many events which shaped the early history of the republic.
Charles and Frances Sweeney removed to Kentucky in 1802, casting in their lots with
the first citizens of that state. Their son, Jefferson Sweeney, took up his abode in
Missouri and became the first merchant and postmaster of Clinton and it was there
that William Sweeney, father of Dr. Sweeney, was born. William Sweeney is still
living in the home state, having retired after a useful lite as a farmer and banker.

Dr. Sweeney was educated in the graded and high schools of Johnson county and
pursued his medical course in the Kansas City Medical College, now the medical
department of the University of Kansas, being graduated at the head of his class and
as gold medalist in the year 1S91. In 1905 he was made an honorary graduate of
the University Alumni Association.

Following the completion of his medical course Dr. Sweeney entered upon active
practice at Chilhowee, Missouri, and there devoted his attention to professional duties
until 1899, when he removed to Great Falls, Montana, where he remained in active
practice until 1910, when he came to Oregon in order to avoid the severity of the
Montana winters and purchased a ranch of two hundred acres in the Rogue River
valley. He practiced his profession in the valley through the succeeding seven years and
during the period of his residence in Josephine county was accorded a most liberal
practice that extended to the county limits. In 1916 he was nominated and elected
to represent Josephine county in the twenty-ninth session of the state legislature as
the democratic nominee despite the normal republican majority in that part of the
state. His service in the legislature was such as to commend him to the voters of
southern Oregon and, after the manner of a distinguished service medal, there came
to him the nomination for senator, but the republican majority was too great to
overcome.

In 1917 Dr. Sweeney took up his residence in Medford, where he continues to
reside. He specializes in surgery and obstetrics and is a member of the staff of the
Sacred Heart Hospital. While residing in Montana he served as county health oflBcer
and was for four years county coroner of Cascade county. He has always kept abreast
with scientific researches and discoveries having to do with the practice of medicine
and surgery and is recognized as a deep student of his profession and one who has

HISTORY OF OKEGOX 4()»J

gained prominence as a skilled surgeon. Again and again he has taken postgraduate
work, believing it necessary for members of the profession at all times to acquaint
themselves with modern ideas and methods of practice.

In 1893 Dr. Sweeney married Miss Mary E. Cleland, a daughter of James Cleland,
a farmer and pioneer of Missouri. Their living children are: Anna Grace, the wife
of R. C. Day, of Portland, Oregon; and Edith May, who is a well established artist
and illustrator, maintaining a studio in Medford. though most of her sketches and
drawings are executed for Portland and San Francisco newspapers and large com-
mercial houses. Charles T., the only son, died in infancy. Mrs. Sweeney takes an
interested and prominent part in social and club life in Medford and is a valued member
of the Greater Medford Club and also the Order of the Eastern Star.

Dr. Sweeney is a Royal Arch Mason and proudly wears a jewel presented to him
upon retirement as master of his lodge in Montana. He also belongs to the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, to the Woodmen of the World and the Modern Woodmen
and was head physician for the last named order in the state of Montana. Dr.
Sweeney finds his recreation largely on his ranch, maintaining a fine dairy stock farm,
handling pedigreed Jerseys. He is also a disciple of Izaak Walton and is accounted
one of the best trout fishermen in the state. These, however, are but subsidiary
interests in his life, as his efforts and attention are concentrated upon his onerous
and continuously growing professional duties.

ADAM M. WILHELM, JR.

Adam M. Wilhelm, Jr., member of the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons, of Monroe, oper-
ating the largest department store in western Oregon outside of Portland, is ably
managing the extensive interests of the company at Corvallis and is proving a most
capable, energetic and farsighted business man. He was born in Kiel, Manitowoc
county, Wisconsin, November 14, 1868, a son of Adam and Elizabeth (Mueller) Wil-
helm, the former a native of Metz, Germany, and the latter of France. The father is
one of the most prominent and successful merchants and financiers of the state, his
activities having contributed in substantial measure to the development and prosperity
of western Oregon. He became the founder of the firm of A. Wilhelm & Sons and his
operations in the fields of merchandising and finance have been most extensive and
important, entitling him to classification with the builders of the northwest.

His son, Adam M. Wilhelm, was but four yeas of age at the time of the arrival
of the family in Oregon and in the schools of Benton county he pursued his education.
After completing his .studies he assisted his father in the conduct of his mercantile
interests at Monroe and later he and his brothers became partners in the business con-
trolled by the father, at which time the firm style of A. Wilhelm & Sons was assumed.
They operate a large department store at Monroe, carrying an extensive and attractive
line of goods, and they also maintain two fine modern garages at Corvallis and one
at Junction City which is of mammoth proportions, handling the Willys-Knight, Nash
and White cars and trucks, the Stevens cars and the Cletrac tractor. They also con-
duct a large grain and milling business and their operations in this field are equally
successful. Mr. Wilhelm was active in the management of the interests of the firm
at Monroe until 1917, when he Established the business at Corvallis, which under his
able supervision has now reached extensive and profitable proportions. He is a man
of splendid executive ability and has inherited his father's powers of organization and
administration. The firm also operates the Monroe State Bank, which is capitalized
for ten thousand dollars and has on deposit two hundred thousand dollars, and they
likewise have most extensive farming interests in the state. The firm name of A.
Wilhelm & Sons is one of the best known in western Oregon and it has ever stood as
a synonym for enterprise, integrity and reliability in business.

In November, 1907. Mr. Wilhelm was united in marriage to Miss Lula P. Davison,
who passed away in February, 1910, after a year's illness, leaving a little daughter,
Louise Frances, who was born in September, 190S. In his political views Mr. Wilhelm
is a republican and in religious faith he is a Catholic. He belongs to the Knights of
Columbus and is also identified with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks. He is a prominent member of the Corvallis Country Club and
the Corvallis Commercial Club. While residing at Monroe he filled the office of post-
master for a number of years, discharging his duties with promptness and efficiency.

404 HISTORY OF OREGON

Mr. Wilhelm occupies a prominent position in business circles of his section of tlie
state and is known to be a man whose assistance is readily given to any project or
measure which has for its object the development and upbuilding of the community
in which he resides. He has many admirable qualities which make for personal popu-
larity and he is a man whom to know is to esteem and honor.

JAMES J. JENSEN.

One of the resourceful, enterprising and progressive business men of Linnton is
James J. Jensen who has conducted his present interests since 1916, and in the inter-
vening period of five years the business has enjoyed a steady and healthful growth,
having now reached profitable proportions. Mr. Jensen was born in Manistee, Michigan,
and is a son of H. P. and Augusta (Rasmussen) Jensen. The father was for many
years engaged in the lumber business in Michigan and in 1905 removed with his family
to the west, becoming associated with the Pacific Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau,
after which he entered the employ of the Wilson & Clarke Lumber Company at Linnton,
remaining with that firm for twelve years in the capacity of superintendent. On the
expiration of that period he again became identified with the Pacific Coast Lumber
Inspection Bureau, with which he is now connected. The two children of the family
are James J., of this review, and Marie, who is now the wife of A. Silverman who is
engaged in the grocery business in the state of Washington.

James J. Jensen attended the Portland high school and also became a pupil in the
night school conducted by the Young Men's Christian Association. In 1916, in asso-
ciation with his father, he bought out a mercantile business at Linnton which he has
since developed to an enterprise of large proportions, giving employment to five persons
and utilizing two delivery wagons. He carries a large and carefully selected stock of
merchandise and his enterprising and progressive methods, reasonable prices and re-
liability have secured for him a good patronage, his sales now amounting to one hundred
thousand dollars a year.

In June, 1920, Mr. Jensen was united in marriage to Miss Olga May Ott, a resident
of Portland, and they are popular in social circles of the community. During the
World war Mr. Jensen joined the Merchant Marine service, in which he became quarter-
master and for nineteen months was connected with that branch of the navy, during
which period he made several trips to Australia. Fraternally he belongs to the Masons,
the Woodmen of the World and the Knights of The Maccabees with which organizations
his father is also identified. He is an aggressive, energetic young business man whose
many sterling qualities have gained him a high place in the respect and goodwill of all
who have been brought into contact with him.

FRANK GEORGE DECKEBACH.

In thoroughness and the mastery of every detail of the duties that have devolved
upon him lies the secret of the success which has brought Frank George Deckebach
to the prominent position which he occupies in commercial circles of Salem as the
president of the Marion Creamery & Produce Company. As the architect of his own
fortunes he has builded wisely and well and at the same time his labors have been
a valuable asset in the development of the resources of the northwest, through his
connection with financial, transportation, journalistic and various other interests. He
is a man of determined purpose, carrying through to successful completion whatever
he undertakes and his connection with any undertaking insures a prosperous outcome
of the same.

Mr. Deckebach is a native of Ohio. He was born in Cincinnati, August 6, 1864,
and is a son of Frederick Christian and Caroline Deckebach. His grandparents left
Hessen and Wurttemberg, Germany, in the early '30s and '40s. owing to revolutionpry
conditions, and emigrated to the United States, settling in and near Cincinnati, Ohio,
which place was reached after months of travel by canal-boat over the Erie and Miami
canals. The paternal grandfather engaged in copper and brass manufacturing in 1840
and the business which he established is now being conducted by a brother of Mr. Decke-
bach. The maternal grandparents settled on a farm near Point Pleasant, Ohio, which

HISTORY OP OREGON 405

became the birthplace of General U. S. Grant, and this property is still in the posses-
sion of the family. Frederick C. Deckebach, the father, passed away in 1877, but the
mother survives at the age of eighty-four and is still a resident of Cincinnati.

In the acquirement of an education Frank G. Deckebach attended the public schools
of Cincinnati and the Woodward high school of that city and on starting out in the
business world he became an employe in the Second National Bank of Cincinnati,
subsequently filling the position of secretary with John Hauck, banker, brewer and
capitalist of the Queen City. He also served as secretary and treasurer of the Cin-
cinnati Red Stockings Baseball Club and in April, 1889, left that city for Washington
territory, locating at Hoquiam. which at that time had a population of about two hun-
dred. Mr. Deckebach assisted in platting the original townsite and in association
with F. D. Arnold organized the Bank of Hoquiam, the first financial institution there,
which is now known as the First National Bank, Mr. Arnold becoming the president
and Mr. Deckebach the cashier. In 1890 he became active in incorporating the Tacoma,
Olympia & Grays Harbor Railroad, the first extension of rail facilities from Puget
Sound and Portland to the ocean at Grays Harbor, and this company later sold out
to the Northern Pacific Railroad, which completed the building of the road to Ocosta
in 1S92. As mayor of Ocosta, Mr. Deckebach headed the celebration of the arrival of
the first railroad train at Grays Harbor one hundred years after the discovery of the
bay by Captain Gray of the ship Columbia, in 1792. He was engaged in the banking
and sawmill business at Grays Harbor until 1895, in which year he was elected a
member of the state senate of Washington, serving in the sessions of 1895 and 1897
and proving an able and conscientious legislator. In April of the latter year he was
appointed register of the United States land office at Olympia, Washington, by President
McKinley, serving in that capacity for five years. In 1902 he became the founder of
the Olympia Recorder, the first afternoon daily published in that city, continuing as
editor and manager of the paper until 1904, when he left for Salem, Oregon, where he
has since resided. Here he became connected with the ice business and also with
brewing interests, acting as vice president and manager of the Salem Brewery Asso-
ciation until Oregon became a dry state. Since 1914 he has devoted his attention prin-
cipally to the creamery and milk condensery business and is now the owner of the
Marion Creamery & Produce Company, a substantial business enterprise of Salem, whose
affairs he is most capably and successfully conducting, giving careful oversight to all
phases of the business and bending every effort toward the extension of its trade rela-
tions. He keeps well informed on everything that pertains to his line of work, being a
member of the Dairy Council and actively and helpfully interested in the various dairy
organizations of the state. As a director of the Northwest Fruit Products Company he
was actively interested in the pioneer work of building up the fruit juice industry,
but at present is not active in its management, that concern now being a part of the
Phez Fruit Products Company. He is a shrewd, farsighted business man, whose initia-
tive spirit and powers of organization have led him into important relations and his
business activities have ever been characterized by strict integrity and honesty.

In Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 12th of December, 1888, Mr. Deckebach was united in
marriage to Miss Adele L. Heinz, the adopted daughter and niece of Charles L. Jacob,
a prominent resident of Cincinnati, who at one time served as mayor of the city. Four
children have been born of this union, one daughter and three sons: Helen, Frederick,
Frank and Donald.

Mr. Deckebach is an active and helpful member of St. Paul's Episcopal church of
Salem, of which he served for many years as vestryman, being now senior warden. In
politics he has always been a republican and during the '90s strongly advocated the
sound money doctrine. For fifteen years he was active and prominent in political
affairs in the state of Washington, but since becoming a resident of Salem he has
devoted his attention strictly to the management of his extensive business interests.
He does everything in his power to promote the welfare and upbuilding of his city
and as president of the Salem Board of Trade, which later became known as the Com-
mercial Club, he headed the first movement toward placing that body on a sound
financial basis. He was the second president elected after its organization and served
many times as one of its directors. He is well known in fraternal circles as a member
of the Loyal Order of Moose, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of The
Maccabees, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks,
the United Workmen and the Knights of Pythias, of which latter organization he is
chancellor commander. He is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
of which he Is a past noble grand, and he is likewise connected with the Masons, being

406 HISTORY OF OREGON

identified with the Mystic Shrine. His social relations are with the Rotary Club, the
lUihee Country Club and the Cherrian Society, and is an ex-King Bing of the last
named organization. During the period of the World war he rendered valuable service
to the government as chairman of the Marion county and member of the state com-
mittee in the third and fourth Liberty and the Victory Loan campaigns, taking his county
over the top in every drive. Those forces which have contributed most to the develop-
ment, improvement and benefit of the northwest have received impetus from the labors
of Frank G. Deckebach. He is distinctively a man of affairs and one who wields a
wide influence. His initiative spirit and executive ability have led him into important
relations and at all points in his career he has been actuated by determination, pro-
gressiveness and enterprise, which have unlocked for him the portals of success. He
is a man who would be an acquisition to any community, his irreproachable character
no less than his achievements compelling his recognition as one destined to lead in
anything he undertakes.

C. F. MERRILL.

C. F. Merrill of Portland, comes of ancestry that is distinctively American in both
lineal and collateral lines through many generations. He is a lineal descendant of
Nathaniel Merrill, who settled in Xewburyport, Massachusetts, in 1627, just seven years
after the landing of the pilgrims on Plymouth Rock. In the maternal line he traces
his descent from Lord Guilford Dudley, who escaped to this country when Lord Guil-
ford was beheaded. His grandfather, Daniel F. Merrill, w-as in the New York customs
house as liquidator for about forty years, holding the position until he was over
eighty years of age. His father, Francis M. Merrill, was a native of New York, who
for many years resided at Bergen, where he served as postmaster for nearly three
decades. He was also engaged in the printing business there and in 1886 removed to
Chicago, where he became a member of the commission firm of Merrill & Fisher, and also
operated a printing establishment. The death of Francis M. Merrill occurred at Hinsdale.
a suburb of Chicago, in 1907. His brother, J. C. F. Merrill, was a prominent figure on
the Chicago Board of Trade, of which he was a director, vice president and president,
later being president of the National Council of Grain Exchanges. Subsequently he
closed the long established business of Merrill & Lyon to accept the honored office of
secretary, with its world-wide responsibilities. From this on he was much in Wash-
ington, correcting erroneous beliefs regarding the grain exchanges, and during the
World war, to use the words of the Chicago American: "Mr. Merrill was the author
of the section in the food control bill which kept the boards of trade throughout the
country active. He was confidential adviser to Herbert C. Hoover and Senator Cham-
berlain, who piloted the measure through the senate. * * *" His death occurred in
August of the same year, 1917.

C. F. Merrill, of this review, was born in Bergen, New York, May 24, 1870. He
acquired his education in the Empire state and afterward was associated with his
father's printing business in Chicago, a business that is now conducted by his brother.
D. H. Merrill, who in 1895, when but sixteen years of age began the publication of the
Hinsdale Doings and who has become a prominent figure in connection with the
printing business in the Illinois metropolis. Another brother, B. G. Merrill, being
much interested in the bird life, is serving as United States game warden, covering
the middle western states from the Great Lakes to the Gulf. Attracted by the oppor-
tunities of the growing west, C. F. Merrill came to Oregon with his family in 1908,
settling at Eugene. His present activity as manufacturer's agent includes a manu-
facturing, commission and jobbing business, with headquarters in Portland. The trade
connections of the house extend over Oregon, Washington. Utah, Idaho and Alaska.
Mr. Merrill has been granted one patent and has others pending. He believes that
every man should receive the utmost for the amount of service rendered. His uncle.
H. B. Graves, of Rochester, New York, began giving his employes a share of his
business profits more than a quarter of a century ago, it being his belief that each
employe's earnings should be considered a part of the capital of the company and
hence they were entitled to their share of the profits. His maternal grandfather. Horatio
Graves of Warsaw. New York, was from his youth an active advocate of and worker
for prohibition of intoxicating liquors.

In isa.'> Mr. Merrill was married to Miss Nila Saltzman, whose grandfather set-

HISTOKY OF OREGON 407

tied in Oliic in his youth, attaining a large farm and coal mine which is still in the
family possession. Mr. Merrill and his wife are members of the Christian Science
church.

DAVID L. HEDGES.

David L. Hedges, a substantial agriculturist residing in Independence, is special-
izing in the growing of hops and his efforts along this line have been attended with
pubstantial and gratifying results. He is one of the honored pioneers of Oregon, having
resided within the borders of the state since 1851, and he has been an interested
witness of its subsequent growth and development, to which his labors have con-
tributed in large measure. He was born in Morgan county, Ohio, February 25, 1838,
and is a son of Israel and Mary (Jenkins) Hedges, the former a native of Pennsyl-
vania and the latter of Ohio. The father was reared and educated in Ohio, to which
state his parents had removed about 1830. On laying aside his textbooks he became
a farmer, purchasing land which he cultivated and improved, and he also learned
the trade of a blacksmith. In 1851 he heard and heeded the call of the west and with
ox team and wagon crossed the plains to Oregon, settling on a donation claim in Polk
county, one and a half miles south of Independence. This he cleared and developed,
and was active in its cultivation for about twenty years. He then removed to Inde-
pendence, where he engaged in business as a blacksmith and gunsmith, conducting
his interests along that line for many years, when he retired. He was familiar with
every phase of pioneer life and served in the Yakima Indian war of 1855-56. He passed
away on the 22d of October, 1894, at the age of eighty-two years, and the mother's
demise occurred in September, 1885, when she had reached the age of sixty-five years.

Their son, David L. Hedges, was reared in Ohio to the age of thirteen, when he
accompanied his parents upon their removal to Oregon, and here continued his edu-
cation as a pupil in the district schools. He is a veteran of the Indian wars of 1855
and 1856, having served in the campaign against the Yakima Indians in eastern
Oregon when a youth of seventeen years. He remained at home until he attained
his majority and then started out in life independently, taking up a claim of one
hundred and sixty acres in Polk county. He at once set about the arduous task of
clearing and developing his land, which he continued to cultivate for about five
years, when he sold and purchased land about one and a halt miles north of Inde-
pendence. This he operated for two years, paying seven hundred dollars for his
eighty-acre tract and selling it for nine hundred dollars. He then went to eastern
Oregon, where he turned his attention to ranching and cattle raising, becoming the
owner of three ranches in that section of the state. At the end of four years he
returned to Polk county and purchased school land just across the river in Marion
county, operating that farm for about five years, when he sold out and going to east-
ern Washington he there engaged in the sheep business, with which he was connected
for three years. He then returned to Polk county and bought one hundred and sixty-
seven acres situated three and a half miles north of Independence, on the Willamette
river. He has since cultivated this farm, specializing in the raising of hops, which
he finds a most profitable line of activity. He brings to the operation of his ranch
a scientific knowledge of modern agriculture and has equipped his place with all of
the newest devices in farm machinery, erecting commodious and substantial barns
and outbuildings and bringing his fields to a high state of development. He is now
living retired at Independence, in an attractive residence at the corner of Monmouth
and Seventh streets.

On the 20th of April, 1860, Mr. Hedges was united in marriage to Miss Amanda
Jane Fudge, who was born in Ogle county, Illinois, in 1843, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
David Fudge, also natives of Illinois. In 1847, when but four years of age, she accom-
panied her parents on their removal to Oregon. Her father subsequently went to
California to engage in mining and died on shipboard while on his way back to
Oregon. The mother passed away in Washington. To Mr. and Mrs. Hedges were
born four children: Minnie, who became the wife of Henry Patterson and died May 4,
1902; Lottie, who married J. G. Mcintosh, a prominent merchant of Independence;
Gertrude, the wife of A. D. Davidson, a resident farmer of Independence, who is spe-
cializing in the gi-owlng of hops; and Pearl L., who is engaged in raising hops on
Mr. Hedges' farm. The wife and mother passed away on the 25th of March, 1915,

408 HISTORY OF OREGON

after a brief illness, and her demise was a severe loss to her family and the many
friends she had won during the period of her residence in Polk county.

Mr. Hedges has been a lifelong republican casting his first presidential ballot
for Abraham Lincoln and ever stanchly supporting the principles and candidates of
the party. He is much interested in the welfare and progress of the community and
has served as a member of the city council, his influence being ever on the side of
advancement and improvement. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in
the Methodist Episcopal church and his life has been guided by its teachings. He is
one of the venerable citizens of Independence and his years rest lightly upon him,
his interests and activities being those of a much younger man. He deserves much
credit for what he has accomplished as a promoter of local enterprises, and Polk
county is the richer in citizenship and resources by reason of his honorable, successful
and upright life.

ALFRED C. SCHMITT.

Among the well known and substantial representatives of financial interests of
Linn county is Alfred C. Schmitt, president of the First National Bank of Albany, which
is the oldest national bank in the Willamette valley, having been founded in 1S71. Mr.
Schmitt was born in Pulaska, Iowa county, Wisconsin, September 19, 1870, a son of
Conrad and Maria (Stark) Schmitt, who were natives of Germany and came to America
with their parents when children. The father first followed the occupation of farming
but later devoted his attention to the conduct of an insurance business at Muscoda,
'Wisconsin. He was an honored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member of
Company D, Forty-second Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, with which he served for one
year. He passed away in January. 1918, when seventy-five years of age, while the
mother survived until January, 1921, passing away at her home in Albany, Oregon,
when seventy-nine years of age, having come to this locality after her husband's death.

Alfred C. Schmitt attended the public schools of Wisconsin and later was for two
years a student at Union Academy at Anna, Illinois, working his way through that insti-
tution. In the spring of 1892 he entered Knox College, from which he was graduated
with the class of 1896, and he then attended Chicago University for one year. In the
fall of 1897 he came to Oregon and for three years was an instructor in Albany College.
He then went abroad and spent two years in study at Cambridge University in Eng-
land and at Leipzig, Germany, where he received his Ph. D. degree. Returning to
the United States he wa^ engaged in teaching for one year at Kansas City and also
spent the year 1903-4 as an instructor in the Oregon Agricultural College. In 1904
he turned his attention to financial affairs, entering the First National Bank of Albany
as cashier. He was well equipped for the duties which there devolved upon him,
for while in Europe he had made a special study of finance. In 1910 he became vice
president, and so served until November, 1919, when he was elected to the presidency of
the bank and now occupies that responsible position, which he is eminently qualified
to fill.

The First National Bank is the oldest institution of the kind in the Willamette
valley, having been founded in 1871. Its business life, therefore, reaches back for
more than half a century, over a period in which business depressions and financial
panics have at times swept over the nation; yet during these times of testing the
bank has not only continued safe and sound, displaying those rugged qualities which
give it just claim on public confidence, but also, throughout the varying fortunes of the
years, it has been a powerful support and financial reliance to the community which it
serves, making a steady advancement and healthy growth, protecting its depositors,
accommodating its customers and identifying itself with every movement that has been
for the uplift and betterment of Albany and Linn county. This record means that in
the organization and management of the bank were the elements of real strength. Its
management has always regarded safety as of first importance in banking and upon this
foundation stone its policies are based. In response to a growing demand and changing
conditions the First Savings Bank was established in April, 1909, by the stockholders
of the First National Bank, giving people of limited means an opportunity to earn some-
thing on their savings. Each shareholder owns the same proportion of the stock of
both banks, the officers and directors of both institutions being the same. The First
National Bank is housed in a fine modern building of reinforced concrete, five stories in

ALFRED C. SCHMITT

HISTORY OF OREGON 411

height and fireproof throughout. The entire' lower floor is occupied by the bank and
is completely furnished with coin, storage, book and safety deposit vaults, officers',
directors', ladies' and customers' rooms and every convenience necessary for the transac-
tion of a modern banking business. The present officers of the bank are: Alfred C.
Schmitt, president; J. P. Wallace, first vice president; P. A. Goodwin, second vice
president; and Ralph McKechnie, cashier, while the directors are Alfred C. Schmitt,
W. A. Barrett, P. A. Goodwin, L. E. Blain, J. P. Wallace, M. Senders and P. A. Young,
and all are thoroughly reliable and progressive business men of this section of the
state. The combined statement of the First National Bank, with its affiliated institu-
tion, the First Savings Bank, for the year ending February 21, 1921, is as follows: Capi-
tal stock, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars: surplus and undivided profits, one
hundred and fifteen thousand. The combined resources are over two and a half million.
In addition to his financial interest Mr. Schmitt is a director of the Puyallup & Sumner
Fruit Growers Canning Company, which owns three canneries, one being located at
Albany. He was formerly engaged in raising registered Holstein cattle and is secretary
of the Pure Bred Live Stock Association of Linn county.

On the 13th of June, 1900, Mr. Schmitt was united in marriage to Miss Orpha J.
Flinn, a daughter of Lawrence and Cynthia (Church) Flinn, the former a native ot
County Clare, Ireland, and the latter of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The father emi-
grated to the United States and after his graduation from Middlebury College of Ver-
mont came west to Oregon in 1866. opening an office in Albany. He became associated
in law practice with United States Senator Chamberlain, and in 18S8 they took over the
controlling interest in the First National Bank, of which Mr. Flinn became president, so
continuing until his death in the spring ot" 1904. The mother survived him for but a
year, her death occurring in 1905. Mr. and Mrs. Schmitt have become the parents of two
children: Lawrence F., who was born in November, 1905; and Roland A., whose birth
occurred in July. 1912.

Mr. Schmitt gives his political allegiance to the republican party and in religious
faith he is a Presbyterian. He is greatly interested in educational work, has served
on the local school board for ten years and is likewise a valued member of the State
Textbook Commission, while since 1910 he has served on the public library board. He
is a member of the Phi Alpha Delta fraternity and is also identified with the Woodmen
of the World. He has always taken an active interest in Y. M. C. A. work and for ten
years served as chairman of the board, resigning from that office in 1919. His inter-
ests and activities have thus covered a broad scope, bringing liim a knowledge of many
phases of life, and in every relation of life in which he is known, whether as educator,
financier or as a citizen of his community he is esteemed and respected by all who have
the honor of his acquaintance.

LEWIS E. OBYE.

One of the alert, wide-awake and progressive business men of Portland is Lewis
E. Obye, president of the Lewis E. Obye Motors Company. He is a native of the
west, his birth having occurred at Mariposa, California. The family is an old one in
this part of the country, the grandfather. Christian Obye, having made the voyage
around the Horn to California in 1851. His parents were Lewis Scott and Annie
(Calhoun) Obye, who early became residents of Oregon.

After completing his public school education Lewis E. Obye pursued a course in
a business college and at an early age started out in life for himself, securing a situa-
tion as clerk with the drug firm of Blumauer & Frank at a salary of three dollars and
a half a week. He was also employed as clerk in a shoe store located on the site of
the Lewis and Clark exposition grounds, retaining that position for a year. Subse-
quently he took up electrical work which he followed for some time. He first became
connected with the automobile business as salesman for the Oregon Motor Car Company,
selling the Studebaker cars and previous to that time had engaged in the sale of pianos.
In 1918 he entered upon an independent business venture in this city, specializing in
the sale of used cars and so successful was he along that line that he became known
as the "Used Car King." He operated three different salesrooms in the city, employ-
ing fourteen salesmen in the conduct of the business and between July 1, 1918. and July
1, 1919, he succeeded in selling sixteen hundred and eighty-two used cars. He is now
the president and treasurer of the Lewis E. Obye Motors Company, with David Goodell

412 HISTORY OF OREGON

as the vice president and M. W. Hawes as secretary. They occupy a two-story building
fifty by one hundred feet at Nos. 40-46 North Broadway and have the agency for the
Standard eight steel car for Oregon and southern Washington, theirs being the author-
ized service station for this car in Portland. In the control of the business Mr. Obye dis-
plays marked ability, initiative and aggressiveness and as a result the patronage of the
firm is steadily increasing, ten men being employed to take care of the work.

In 1906 Mr. Obye was united in marriage to Miss Florence Cox and they have
become the parents of two children, Gordon and Maxine. He is an active and earnest
member of the Chamber of Commerce and is also identified with the Oregon Motor
Dealers Association and the National Automobile Dealers Association. He is also a
member of the Press and Ad Clubs and is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Scot-
tish Rite Consistory. He likewise has membership in Al Kader Temple of the Mystic
Shrine and during the national convention held in this city in 1920 served on the
reception committee. He is a man of determined purpose who carries forward to
successful completion whatever he undertakes and he is accounted one of the sub-
stantial and progressive business men of Portland whose record has at all times been
characterized by strict honesty and integi-ity. He is always loyal to the best interests
of the community and enjoys the esteem and regard of a large circle of friends.

W. A. MARSHALL.

W. A. Marshall since 1913 has served as a member of the state industrial commis-
sion. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, January 19, 1875, a son of George and Sarah
(Walker J Marshall.

In 1907 Mr. Marshall came to Portland as linotype operator for the Portland Lino-
type Company and he also became editor of the Oregon Labor Press, serving in that
capacity for one and a half years. In 1912 he was appointed by Governor West as one
of nine men to draft a compensation law for the state. This was a notable legislative
achievement, resulting in a marked betterment in conditions arising from industrial
accidents. In the latter part of 1913 Governor West appointed Mr. Marshall to his
present position on the state Industrial commission and he has continued to serve
under the administrations of Governors Withycombe and Olcott. He is a member
of the executive board of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards
and Commissions, being also a member of the committees on statistics and accident
prevention of the association. His work in connection with the commission has largely
to do with accident prevention and statistics, and his services in these connections are
most important and valuable to industrial interests.

In 1898 Mr. Marshall was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Swanson, a native
of Galesburg, Illinois, and they have become the parents of three children: Marie,
Willard and John.

MISS DAISY BUCKNER.

Miss Daisy Buckner, who since 1914 has filled the position of postmistress at
Scio, the duties of which office she is most capably and promptly discharging, has spent
her life in Linn county, for she was horn at Lebanon, June 4, 1892, of the marriage
of L. L. and Fanny (Miller) Buckner, the former born in the middle west, while the
latter was a native of Linn county. The maternal grandparents of Miss Buckner crossed
the plains with ox teams to Oregon in 1852 and became pioneers of this state, set-
tling near Providence, in Linn county, where the grandfather took up a donation
claim, which he cleared and developed, continuing its operation until ISSO, when
he abandoned agricultural pursuits and gave his entire attention to the work of
preaching the gospel, as a minister of the Presbyterian church at Scio, until his
death in 1889. He was familiar with every phase of pioneer life, participating in
the Indian wars and enduring many hardships and privations and aiding in sub-
stantial measure In the work of development and improvement. He passed away at
Scio In 1889 but his wife survived him for many years, her death occurring in'
1912. Their daughter, Mrs. Buckner, now resides at Salem with her husband, who

HISTORY OP OREGON 413

is drawing a pension from the government in recognition of his services as a soldier
in the Indian wars.

Miss Buckner was reared and educated at Scio and from the age of nine years
has made her home with her maternal aunt, Mrs. Albert E. Randall. She was
graduated from the Scio high school with the class of 1911 and two weeks after her
graduation she entered business life as a clerk in the post office at Scio, with which
she has since been connected. In 1914 she took the competitive civil service exami-
nation, which she successfully passed, receiving the appointment of postmistress.
In 1917 the office was reclassified, at which time she was reappointed, having now
been the incumbent in that office for a period of six years. She thoroughly under-
stands the work and is prompt, efficient and courteous in the discharge of her
duties. In politics she is independent and her religious faith is indicated by her
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. Miss Buckner possesses excellent
business ability and her record as a public official is a most creditable one, char-
acterized by faithfulness, thorough reliability and efficiency of a high order. She
has spent her life in this locality, and that she is endowed with many admirable
traits of character is indicated in the fact that her stanchest friends are those
who have known her from childhood.

FRED J. WYATT.

Fred J. Wyatt, president of the Indian Motorcycle & Bicycle Company, is the
pioneer dealer along this line in Portland, having devsted his entire life to the
bicycle business. He is a native son of Oregon and a representative of one of its honored
pioneer families, members of which crossed the plains in 1837, becoming large landown-
ers of the state and also prominent in public affairs. He was born in Philomath, Benton
county, in 1879, a son of George and Mary E. Wyatt, who removed with their family
to Portland when the son was but five years of age. Here he attended the public schools
to the age of twelve years, when he became messenger boy for the Western Union
Telegraph Company, continuing with that corporation for a period of five years. He
early developed unusual skill as a bicycle rider and when seventeen years of age became
a professional rider, holding the championship of the northwest in 1897 and 1898.
In 1900 he gave up professional riding and established himself in the bicycle business
in Portland, becoming the city's pioneer dealer along that line. He is now the president
of the Indian Motorcycle & Bicycle Company, with Burgess W. Rice as vice president
and B. P. Finke, secretary and treasurer, their establishment being located at Nos. 204-
6 Third street. They have the state agency for the Indian motorcycles and bicycles and
also have the agency for Oregon & Clark county, Washington. Mr. Wyatt is an expert
in this line of trade and through his untiring efforts and capable management has
developed a business of large proportions.

In 1900 Mr. Wyatt was united in marriage to Miss Anna Hoffman and they have
become the parents of two children: Donald, now fifteen years of age and a high school
student; and Fred J., Jr. His interest in the progress and development of his city
is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of Commerce. His chief sources of
recreation are hunting and fishing. He is recognized as an enterprising and alert
business man and as a public-spirited citizen and his personal qualities are such that
he has gained the warm friendship of many.

EDWARD A. KOEN.

Edward A. Koen, editor and proprietor of the Polk County Observer, published
at Dallas, is well known in Journalistic circles as an able editorial writer, having at
various times been identified with many of the leading newspapers of the west. He
was born in Farmington, Missouri, September 4, 1867, and is a son of Audrey D. and
Sarah E. (Highley) Koen, also natives of that state. The father was a dry goods
merchant and also operated a farm in St. Francois county, where he spent the greater
part of his life. He passed away in September, 1892, and the mother's demise
occurred on the 4th of July, 1914. Both the father and grandfather served through-

414 HISTORY OF OREGON

out the Civil war as soldiers in the Confederate army and in that conflict Audrey D.
Koen sustained severe injuries which caused his death while still a young man.

Edward A. Koen was reared in his native state and there attended school until
the age of fourteen, when he began learning the printer's trade, with which he has since
been connected. He was employed at various places and for tour years was on the
editorial staff of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. He was also identified witK the Omaha
Bee and the Omaha World-Herald and for ten years was political editor of the St. Paul
Dispatch. He continued in the employ of others until 1905, when he established a busi-
ness of his own, founding a paper at Biwabik, Minnesota, of which he was the owner
until July, 1919, when he came to Oregon, purchasing the Polk County Observer, published
at Dallas, of which he is now editor and owner. This paper was established in 18S8 and
since becoming its owner Mr. Koen has installed the most modern equipment in the
way of linotype machines and presses and now has one of the best plants in this
section of the state. He is thoroughly familiar with every phase of the business, to
which he has devoted his life, and he is publishing the Observer according to the
most progressive ideas of modern journalism. Its local columns are full ef interest
and the news of the world is clearly and completely given: the aims of the nation
are well set forth and political questions are treated justly and without prejudice.
The principal policy of the paper has been to serve the public promptly and well,
and that Mr. Koen has succeeded is evident in the large circulation which his pub-
lication enjoys, its subscribers now numbering twenty-eight hundred. While residing
in Minnesota he operated three roller skating rinks and also was at one time private
secretary to the mayor of Omaha, Nebraska.

On the 22d of February, 1894, Mr. Koen was united in marriage to Miss Marie E.
Parker, of Council Bluffs, Iowa, and they have become the parents of two children:
Elsatia, who is twenty-one years of age and is residing at home; and Edward P., aged
sixteen years.

In his political views Mr. Koen is a republican and a stalwart supporter of party
principles. He stands at all times for improvement in everything relating to the
upbuilding and development of the county along intellectual, political, material and
moral lines and in his editorial capacity is producing a newspaper of much interest
and value to the community in which it circulates.

ALBERT EDWARD DUNSMORE.

Albert Edward Dunsmore, who passed away on the 18th of October. 1915, was a
well known and highly respected citizen of Portland. He was serving for the second
term as city recorder of St. Johns when it was annexed to the largest city, and he
at once entered heartily into the support of the metropolis, just as he had done in
advancing the interests and welfare of the smaller towns. The sterling worth of his
character was attested by all who knew him, and it seems as though he should have
been spared for many more years of usefulness, as he had only reached the fiftieth
milestone on life's journey when called to his final rest. He was born September 15,
1S63, at Huntington, Canada, a son of Thomas and Mary (Burrows) Dunsmore. The
father came with his family to the United States when Albert E. was a small child,
and after the mother's death the family returned to Canada, where they resided until
Mr. Dunsmore of this review had reached the age of fifteen years. He obtained the
greater part of his education, therefore, in his native land, and when a youth of
fifteen he returned witli his father across the border. Together they made their way
to Lanesboro, Minnesota, where the father engaged in brick manufacturing. They
later removed to Moose Lake, Minnesota, and here Mr. Dunsmore turned his attention
to the hotel business. He afterward conducted a lumber business at Motowah, Minne-
sota, for about six years, and thence made his way up to the iron range of Minnesota,
and was engaged in the hotel business at Virginia. While carrying on business there,
however, the hotel was burned when the greater part of the town was destroyed by
fire. Mr. Dunsmore then became the manager of the new Fay hotel, of which he
remained in charge for eight years.

On the expiration of that period Mr. Dunsmore removed to the west, choosing
Portland as his place of location. At a subsequent period he settled at St. Johns,
and was prominent in public affairs and in promoting the upbuilding and develop-
ment of the region in which he lived. He served as city recorder for two and a half

ALBERT E. DUNSMORE

HISTORY OF OREGON 417

yeara and was occupying that position at the time St. Johns was merged into Port-
land. He made a most capable and trustworthy official, for he ever regarded a public
office as a public trust and it is well known that the trust reposed in Albert E. Duns-
more was never betrayed in the slightest degree.

On the 20th of August, 1S91, at Moose LaTie, Minnesota, Mr. Dunsmore was married
to Miss Nettie B. Myhr, a daughter of S. and Margaret Myhr. They became the
parents of a son, Edward Leroy, who died at the age of seven years. Their other
children are: Louis S., who is attending the University of Oregon; Marion E., a
teacher of Antelope, Oregon; Virginia I., a bank clerk at St. Johns.

In his political views Mr. Dunsmore was an earnest republican, and was thoroughly
informed concerning the vital questions and issues of the day. Fraternally he was
connected with the Knights of Pythias and also with the Loyal Order of Moose, and
his religious belief was that of the Methodist church. He was a man of domestic
tastes, who found his greatest happiness at his own fireside. He made friends readily
and while he did not attain wealth, he was regarded as a substantial citizen and one
who at all times merited the confidence and high regard of those who knew him.

EMILY L. LOVERIDGE.

Emily L. Loverldge, superintendent of the Good Samaritan Hospital of Portland,
is a native of Steuben county. New York. Her father, the Rev. Daniel E. Loverldge,
was an Episcopal minister, who was born in Connecticut and came west in 1888
to take charge of a parish in Oregon. Subsequently he went to Eugene, this state,
where he presided over the church for eleven years and then retired, his death
occurring in 1908. His wife, in her maidenhood was Maria Lemoine Wolfalk, a native
of Virginia. She was the adopted daughter of Bishop Uphold of Indiana, and died
when her daughter Emily was but four years of age. To Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Loverldge
were born two daughters and a son, the latter, George Uphold Loverldge was district
attorney of Allegany county. New York, when but twenty-five years of age, and is
now deceased; a daughter, Mrs. Sarah L. Heslop, has also passed away; and Emily Lover-
ldge. There were two half sisters by the father's subsequent marriage, Mrs. John Can-
non of Astoria and Mrs. L. A. Newton of Portland.

Miss Emily L. Loverldge of this review determined to devote her life to the profes-
sion of nursing and completed a course in Bellevue Hospital at New York, here being
graduated with the class of 1890. She came to the west on the 1st of May, 1890, for the
purpose of opening up a training school for nurses, establishing the first school of the
kind In the northwest. The Institution at the beginning had about thirty beds and
was under the direct supervision of Emma A. Wakeman. Miss Loverldge serving under
her. The latter is now the superintendent of the Good Samaritan Hospital, which is an
Episcopalian institution, located at the base of Council Crest. It is an imposing
building, thoroughly sanitary in every particular and has three hundred beds, with one
hundred and thirty-three nurses in attendance. Miss Leveridge devotes all of her time
to her hospital work and has attained a marked degree of efficiency in this connection.
She has also reared two of her sister's children, Ernestine Heslop, who was graduated
from the State University at Berkeley, California, and who died in November, 1918;
and Paul Loverldge Heslop, who was graduated from Cornell University as a civil
engineer in 1912, and who is now living at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

CHARLES E. WAGGENER.

Charles E. Waggener, who is identified with the business interests of Harrisburg
as the proprietor of a first-class meat market, is a native son of Oregon, his birth hav-
ing occurred nine miles northeast of his present place of residence on the 10th of
August, 1889. He Is a son of Albert and Elizabeth (Greenhalgh) Waggener, the former
of whom was born in Linn county, Oregon, and the latter in Illinois. The father is a
successful farmer and stock raiser, owning and operating sixteen hundred acres of land
near Halsey, Oregon, and it was upon this place that his son, Charles E., was born.
The parents of Albert Waggener were pioneers of Oregon, who crossed the plains from
Kentucky to this state with ox teams in 1852, locating in Linn county, where the father

Vol. 11—2 7

418 HISTORY OF OREGON

took up land, which he continued to operate the remainder of his life. He saw service
in the Indian wars and experienced all of the dangers, privations and hardships of
frontier life in those early days. He passed away about 1895 and his wife's death
occurred about 1889.

Charles E. Waggener was reared in Linn county and acquired his education in its
district schools. He remained at home until he attained his majority and then rented
land, which he cultivated and developed, also engaging in stock raising. He was thus
active until August 31, 1917, when he disposed of his interests and enlisted in the Quar-
termaster's Corps of the regular army, which was attached to the Ninety-first Division.
He enlisted as a cook and was sent to Camp Lewis, Washington, where he also held sev-
eral petty office Jobs. He was not sent overseas and at Camp Lewis was discharged in
June. 1918, on account of physical disability.

Returning home Mr. Waggener again engaged in agricultural pursuits, but at the
end of a year purchased a meat market and ice plant at Harrisburg, which he has since
operated. He manufactures ice and supplies the town of Harrisburg with this commod-
ity, being the only meat and ice dealer in this locality. In his shop he carried a high
grade of meat and his courteous treatment of patrons and his reasonable prices have
won for him a very gratifying patronage. He is also a stockholder in the Harrisburg
Lumber & Manufacturing Company, the Linn County Fair Association and the Calipooia
Cooperative Exchange, which is engaged in the operation of a flour and feed store and
also in the conduct of a hardware establishment at Brownsville, Oregon. He still has
farming interests and in 1920 planted two hundred acres to wheat and oats. Mr. Wag-
gener is a young man of sound judgment and keen business discernment and through
the capable management of his various interests is winning a substantial measure of
success.

In his political views Mr. Waggener is a republican, and fraternally he is identified
with the Woodmen of the World. His life has been spent in this locality and he is
everywhere spoken of as a young man of worth, possessing many admirable traits of
character, which have won for him the high regard of all who know him.

HON. T. B. HANDLEY.

On the roster of public officials of Oregon appears the name of Hon. T. B. Handley,
who since 1920 has served as corporation commissioner, an office which he is well
qualified to fill, owing to his wide legal learning and experience in the legislative
halls of the state. Mr. Handley is a native of Oregon and a representative of one
of its prominent families. He was born at Hillshoro, April 19, 1882, a son of T. B.
Handley, who was born on the island of Tasmania in the early '40s. During the
early part of the '50s he went to California, removing from that state to Oregon,
where he acquired a limited education. He possessed a great desire for knowledge,
however, and through wide reading and study became an exceptionally well informed
man. He worked as a surveyor, and pursuing the study of law, was admitted to the
bar at Salem, subsequently following his profession at various places throughout the
state. He afterwards went to British Columbia, where for a time he engaged in
mining, but later returned to Oregon and continued active in the practice of law
in this state until his demise, which occurred at Tillamook in 1905. He became
prominent in public affairs and was considered one of the state's most able citizens.
He had married Tola Bayley, who crossed the plains from Ohio to Oregon in early
pioneer times as a member of a train which became lost in what was known as Meeks
Cut-off and which experienced great trouble with the Indians. She became identified
with all of the early activities for the betterment of social conditions in the locality
where she lived and is now residing at Sacramento, California, at the age of eighty-
two years. She experienced all of the hardships and privations of pioneer times and
her memory forms a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive
present, her reminiscences of the early days being most interesting and instructive.

T. B. Handley was graduated from the public schools and from the Academy of
St. Alphonsus at Tillamook, Oregon, in 1900. He then studied law under the instruc-
tion of his father and was admitted to the bar in 1907. He at once opened an office in
Tillamook, where his ability soon won recognition in a growing clientage. He is an
able lawyer, well informed in all branches of the law and the application of legal
principles. His mind is naturally analytical and logical in its trend and he possesses

HISTORY OF OREGON 419

those qualities which are indispensable to the lawyer — a keen intelligence, plus the
business sense, and a ready capacity for hard work. His high professional attainments
naturally led to his selection tor public office and while residing in Tillamook he served
as city recorder for five terms and as deputy district attorney for Tillamook county
for one year. In 1913 he was elected a member of the state legislature, representing
Tillamook and Yamhill counties, and in 1914 was reelected to that office. So satis-
factory were his services in that connection that in 1916 he was chosen to represent
the district comprising Yamhill, Tillamook, Lincoln and Washington counties in the
state senate. He served as a member of that body during the sessions of 1917 and
1919 and also during the special session of 1920, giving stalwart support to many
measures which found their way to the statute books of the state and which are prov-
ing of great value to the commonwealth. On the 1st of June, 1920, he resigned his
position as state senator, having been appointed by Governor Olcott to the office of
corporation commissioner for the state of Oregon, and was reappointed for a four year
term January 2, 1921, in which capacity he is now very acceptably serving, his official
record being a most creditable one, characterized by strict integrity and devotion to
duty. He regards a public office as a public trust and no trust reposed in T. B. Handley
has ever been betrayed in the slightest degree.

In 1906 Mr. Handley was united in marriage to Miss Pearl Trout, a native of Tilla-
mook and a daughter of a pioneer family of that county. Her parents were numbered
among the earliest residents of that section of the state, locating there at a time when
the Indians far outnumbered the white settlers. Mr. and Mrs. Handley have become
the parents of two children: Thomas B., Jr., and Louise, the former eleven years of
age, and the latter thirteen years of age. Mr. Handley has given much of his life to
public service and has ever been actuated by a public-spirited devotion to the general
good. His record is a most commendable one, characterized by integrity and honor in
every relation, and at all times his public work has been a source of benefit to the state.

FRANK LOUGHARY.

Frank Loughary, a substantial agriculturist of Polk county and one of the most
prominent stock raisers in the state, specializing in the raising of pure bred Jersey
cattle, has spent his entire life in Oregon, his birth having occurred on the farm upon
which he now resides, a valuable and attractive property situated six miles southwest
of Monmouth, on the 15th of June, 1870. He is a son of Lafayette W. and Eliza (Simp-
son) Loughary, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Arkansas. In an early
day the father removed to Iowa with his parents and during the '50s he crossed the
plains lo Oregon, settling at Falls City in Polk county, where his first winter was spent
in work as a carpenter — a trade which he had learned in his youth. He assisted in
building a lumber mill at Falls City and then turned his attention to agricultural
pursuits, purchasing a portion of the place which is now owned by the subject of this
review. He devoted his energies to the improvement and cultivation of this farm and
continued active in its operation during the remainder of his life, passing away in
July, 1915, at the age of seventy-five years. He experienced many of the hardships and
privations of pioneer life and participated in the Yakima Indian war of 1855-56. The
mother survives and resides with her son, Frank Loughary, of this review. There were
five children in the family and all are yet living, with the exception of the eldest daugh-
ter and a child who died in infancy.

Frank Loughary was reared in Polk county and here attended the district schools,
later pursuing a course of study in the State Normal School at Monmouth, after which
he became a student in the Oregon Agricultural College at Corvallis, thus liberally
qualifying for life's practical and responsible duties. He has always engaged in the
occupation of farming and following his marriage he took charge of the old home place,
which he has since operated, adding many improvements thereto and converting it
into a most valuable and productive property. Since 1904 he has engaged in the rais-
ing of pure bred Jersey cattle and is now the owner of one of the best herds in the
state. He was one of the exhibitors at the Pacific International Stock Show held in
Portland in November, 1920, where he was the winner of twenty-seven prizes. He is
thoroughly conversant with all of the details connected with the breeding and care
of stock, and he carries on his enterprise scientifically, thus making it a profitable
branch of industry. He keeps himself abreast of the times and well informed on all

4l.'() HISTORY OF OREGON

modern developments relating to his line of work and is regarded as an authority on
scientific stock raising, doing much to raise the standards of live stock in the state.
He conducts his business on an extensive scale, buying and selling pure bred cattle
which he ships to all parts of the country. On the 16th of June, 1919, he paid two
thousand one hundred dollars for a nine-day-old bull calf, the highest price ever paid
for a calf up to that date. He brings to his occupation a true sense of agricultural
economics and his efforts have met with well deserved and gratifying success. He is
also interested in the Cooperative Creamery of Monmouth, of which he has served as
president since its organization.

On the 16th of June, 1S92, Mr. Loughary was united in marriage to Miss Jessie
M. Hill, and they have become the parents of four children, of whom one died in in-
fancy. Those living are: Ivan H.. Elithe and Frank A., all of whom are at home.

In his political views Mr. Loughary is a republican and an earnest supporter of
the principles and candidates of the party. He is much interested in the cause of public
education and since the age of twenty-three has served as school director with the
exception of one year. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons and the Woodmen
of the World, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian
church. A spirit of enterprise characterizes him in all of his work and he carries for-
ward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. His labors have always been
constructive and intelligently carried forward and have resulted in placing him in the
front rank of the progressive farmers and stock raisers of the state.

HOLLIS ALGER.

Hollis Alger, who for many years was a well known lumberman of the northwest
and a leading resident of Portland, was honored and respected by all who knew him,
not alone by reason of the success which he achieved but also owing to the straight-
forward and progressive business policy which he ever followed. He Justly won the
prou4 American title of a self-made man, tor his industry and his enterprise consti-
tuted the basic elements of his success. A Canadian, he was born in Sherbrooke, in
the province of Quebec, June 4, 1844, his parents being Lyman and Eliza (Dufur)
Alger, both of whom were natives of the United States but had removed to Canada ere
the birth of their son Hollis.

The public schools of his native country afforded the latter his early educational
privileges and he later studied in the public schools of the United States, remaining
under the parental roof until he had attained his majority. He became a resident of
Minnesota about 1865 and there started upon his business career, turning his atten-
tion to the lumber trade to which he devoted the greater part of his life. He believed
that better opportunities in that field could be secured upon the Pacific coast and this
belief brought him to Oregon in 1870. He established his home in Portland and after
looking over the field began logging operations, which within a few years made him
one of the largest operators of the Columbia river country. His business affairs were
always well organized and systematically directed. What he undertook he accom-
plished, for he realized that when one avenue of opportunity seemed closed he could
mark out other paths whereby he could reach the desired goal. In the course of years
he organized the Alger Logging Company, with camps located along the principal
inland waterways and the constant development of the business made it eventually
one of mammoth proportions. In fact Mr. Alger became recognized as one of the
leading lumbermen of the northwest whose efforts constituted a most important element
in the development of the lumber industry In this section of the country. He was also
extensively interested in the logging department of the Oregon Iron & Steel Company,
in the Coweman Driving & Rafting Company and in the Cowlitz and Columbia river
booms. His association with the logging interests of Oregon covered nearly forty years
and his labors were continued until death called him to his final rest on the 23d of
March, 1908. He remained for many years the head of the extensive business which
he had founded and his name was a familiar one all over the Pacific coast country
where the lumber industry is known. He seems to have accomplished at any one point
in his career the possibility for successful accomplishment at that point. He utilized
and improved opportunities which others passed heedlessly by and neven losing sight
of the goal he pushed steadily forward, crowning his labors with success and con-

HOLLIS ALGER

HISTORY OF OREGON 423

tributing through the development of his interests to the general prosperity of the
northwest.

At Olympla, Washington, on the 24th of September, 1873, Mr. Alger was married to
iviiss Mira Brooics, a daughter of Washington S. and Mahala E. (Chapman) BrooKS.
Her father came from Michigan to Oregon in 1870 and engaged In agricultural pur-
suits, settling at Skamokawa, Washington, where he spent his remaining days, his
death occurring in 1901. He is survived by his widow who on the 1st' of September,
1920, reached the notable age of ninety-four years. To Mr. and Mrs. Alger were born
four children, of whom three are living: Hollis E., Edgar B. and Morton D. The third
son has for the past twenty years been associated with the Northwestern National
Bank of Portland. The eldest and the youngest sons took up the lumber business as
the successors of their father upon his death and are still continuing to manage the
industry which was built up by him. During the World war they rendered important
and valuable service to the government through the building of roads into the spruce
forests, thus aiding in getting out timber for the airplane industry.

Of Mr. Alger a contemporary writer has said: "He was born in a lumber country
and was never happier than when in the lumber camp. He was essentially a man of
large affairs. In his hands business assumed tangible form and grew and flourished and
the results were seen in prosperous and happy homes. He belonged to a class of men
that have the constructive faculties largely developed — the natural leaders who are
absolutely essential in a new country and who prepare the way for the oncoming thou-
sands. Of Mr. Alger it may be said that he was prominent not only on account of
the success that he attained as a business man but for his honorable and straightfor-
ward methods in all business transactions. He was a man of genial temperament and
in all he did was actuated by a spirit of fidelity to principles of honor and truth." He
possessed many sterling traits of character and successful as he was in business this
constituted but one phase of his career. He always recognized his duties and obliga-
tions to his fellowmen and met the responsibilities as well as enjoyed the privileges of
citizenship. He left behind him an example which may well be followed by those
who wish to attain success and an honored name simultaneously.

H. A. DRYER.

H. A. Dryer, who is engaged in the real estate business in Portland, was born in
Illinois, December 5, 1884. His father, Hiram A. Dryer, was a native of Indiana and
was there reared to the occupation of farming. When eighteen years of age he went
to Illinois with his parents, both of whom were born in the United States. After
attaining his majority Hiram A. Dryer, Sr., was married to Martha A. Thompson,
who was born in Illinois, and is still living.

H. A. Dryer of this review, obtained his education in the common and high
schools of Iowa, and in Humboldt College and also took a commercial course. He was
engaged as a druggist in Fort Dodge, Iowa, until 1907, when he came to Portland.
His youthful days had been spent in Humboldt, Iowa, where he attended school with
Frank Gotch, the famous wrestler.

With his removal to the northwest, Mr. Dryer engaged in the real estate business,
with ofBces in the Board of Trade building and later removed to his present office in
the Lewis building. He makes a specialty of buying and selling farms and has recently
disposed of one of his farm properties on the state highway, three and a half miles
from Portland, for thirty thousand dollars, this price being paid for eighty acres of
land. Mr. Dryer is also the owner of one of the finest farms in this section of the
state, situated seven and a half miles from Portland on the Columbia river. It com-
prises eighty acres of highly improved land, which is devoted largely to the production
of alfalfa and potatoes and his potato crop in the present year has averaged two hun-
dred sacks to the acre, while the alfalfa has yielded six tons to the acre. Mr. Dryer
also grows corn which measures eighteen feet in height and has refused thirty-two
thousand dollars tor his farm. Since coming to Oregon he has twice returned to Iowa,
once in midsummer and once in midwinter, and the results of these visits have made
him firmly determined never again under any circumstances to reside in Iowa, for he
much prefers the equitable climate of the northwest.

In 1912 Mr. Dryer was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Ingle, a native of Carthage,
Missouri, and a daughter of Edward and Rebecca Ingle, who were also natives of that

424 HISTORY OF OREGON

place, and there the father is still engaged in business as a merchant and farmer.
Mr. and Mrs. Dryer have two children: Donald, aged seven; and Dorothy Irene, five
years of age. Mr. Dryer took an active part in promoting war work and was numbered
among the salesmen on all of the Liberty and Victory Loan drives. He belongs to the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, but gives the major part of his time and atten-
tion to his business affairs and the growth of his clientage is indicated in the fact
that he now finds it necessary to employ five people. There is no one in this section
who is better informed concerning the condition and value of farm land and Mr. Dryer
has negotiated many important property transfers.

THEODORE H. WELLSHER.

Theodore H. Wellsher, a well known and enterprising florist, conducting a most
attractive and tastefully arranged store at No. 460 Madison street in Corvallis, is one
of the native sons of Oregon, his birth having occurred in Lane county on the 20th of
February, 1855. He is a son of Jacob H. and Christine A. (Rudio) Wellsher, the
former born in New York and the latter in Iowa. The father was a wagon and car-
riage maker by trade and in 1852 he started across the plains from Iowa with Oregon
as his destination. He first became a resident of Portland, in Multnomah county, but
after remaining in that city tor a year removed to Lane county, where he took up
land. This he cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation until 1859, when he
sold his ranch, and going to Monroe, Benton county, established a wagon and car-
riage factory which he continued to conduct throughout the remainder of his life.
He passed away in 1869, while the mother's demise occurred in 1904.

Their son, Theodore H. Wellsher. pursued his education in the schools of Ben-
ton county, Oregon, and after completing his studies he learned the trade of wagon
and carriage making, which he followed for some time in the employ of others, and
when twenty-five years of age his earnings were sufficient to enable him to engage
in business along that line independently. He continued to engage in the manu
facture of vehicles until 1897, when he removed to Corvallis. where he turned his atten
tion to blacksmithing, which he followed for two years. He next engaged in genera!
merchandising, which business he continued to conduct until 1907, when he sold ou
and took up the work of a florist, erecting the present greenhouses, which he success
fully conducted until February, 1920, when he sold his interest to his son-in-law, E
A. Cummings, and retired from active work.

In April, 1882, Mr. Wellsher was united in marriage to Miss Josephine Ingram
and they have become the parents of two children, namely: Cecil, the wife of E. A.
Cummings; and Vivian, who married Fred E. Butt and resides at Walla Walla,
Washington.

In his political views Mr. Wellsher is a republican and fraternally he is iden-
tified with the Woodmen of the World and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal
church. Energy, perseverence and thrift are recognized the world over as the foun-
dation of material prosperity and these three qualities are possessed by Mr. Wellsher.
His business activity has ever balanced up with the principles of truth and honor
and his sterling traits of character have won for him an enviable position in the
regard of his fellow townsmen.

A. C. STEVENS.

Prominent among the successful automobile dealers of Portland is A. C. Stevens,
who since 1911 has been a resident of this city. For many years he has been identified
with the automobile business and is an expert mechanic, thoroughly familiar with
every phase of the trade. A native of the south, he was born in Westminster, Mary-
land, a representative of an old and prominent family whose members fought for
American independence in the Revolutionary war. He is a son of J. H. and Mary E.
(Lester) Stevens, the former a carpenter by trade. After completing his high school
course A. C. Stevens spent two years as a student in the Western Maryland College
and in 1S93 first became identified with the automobile industry as a shop employe of

HISTORY OF OREGON 425

the Electric Vehicle Company at Washington, D. C. He next became connected with
the F. B. Sterns Company, acting as general assemblyman at the factory, and also
as road test man in the service department. Subsequently he was employed in the
Stearns Agency at Philadelphia for several years and in 190S was sent by the Winton
Automobile Company to Seattle, Washington, as superintendent of the northwestern
branch of their business, later being promoted to the position of assistant manager.
In 1911 he was sent by the company to Portland as general manager, his successive
promotions being proof of his superior ability in this line of work. He now has the
state agency for the Winton car and represents the Haynes Company as agent for
Oregon, Washington, and the territory lying northwest of the Columbia river. He
conducts a service and repair station for these two makes of cars only and occupies
a two-story building fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions. He is an aggressive,
alert and enterprising business man who is proving most successful in the manage-
ment of his interests, selling about thirty Winton and one hundred and fifty Haynes
cars yearly.

Mr. Stevens was married in Seattle in 1912 to Miss Lillian E. Saltzman, of Phila-
delphia, and they reside in an attractive home at No. 691 East Seventeenth street.
North. In his political views Mr. Stevens is independent, voting for the man whom
he considers best fitted for office regardless of party affiliation. He is a member of the
board of directors of the Portland Automobile Dealers Association and fraternally
is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, while his interest in the
welfare and progress of his city is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of
Commerce. In the management of his business affairs he has been progressive, ener-
getic and capable and his course has been characterized by integrity and honor in
every relation, commanding for him the respect and goodwill of all with whom he has
been associated.

JOHN H. SIMPSON.

John H. Simpson, now deceased, was long recognized as one of the progressive
business men of his section of the state, having for twenty-five years engaged in the
conduct of a hardware business, and he was also the owner of extensive and valuable
farm holdings. He was a native of Pennsylvania, his birth having occurred at Phila-
delphia on the 29th of August, 1855. His parents were Anthony and Helen (Crawford)
Simpson, the former a native of England, while the latter was born in Ireland, They
came to America in their youth and located in Philadelphia, residing in that city until
1865. when they crossed the plains to Oregon. The father was a Presbyterian minister
and for many years engaged in preaching the gospel, but later turned his attention
to the insurance business. On coming to this slate he resided for a time in Albany
and later went to Corvallis, where he purchased land, upon which he resided for many
years, but subsequently returned to Philadelphia and there passed the remainder of his
life. The mother is also deceased.

John H. Simpson acquired his preliminary education in the schools of Corvallis
and later completed his studies at the Oregon Agricultural College. Soon afterward
he entered mercantile circles, engaging in the hardware business at Corvallis in asso-
ciation with his brother-in-law. Later Mr. Bogue purchased Mr. Woodcock's interest
and subsequently Mr. Huston purchased the interest of Mr. Bogue, the firm then
becoming known as Simpson & Huston. They built up an extensive and profitable
business, in which they continued for about twenty-five years, when Mr. Simpson sold
his interest therein to his partner and removed to Albany, where he erected a beautiful
home, in which he continued to reside the remainder of his life. He was also the owner
of large farming interests, to the supervision of which he devoted his attention after
taking up his residence in Albany, and through the careful management of his busi-
ness affairs he won a gratifying measure of prosperity, being a man of keen discrimina-
tion and sound Judgment.

On the 22d of August, 1894, Mr. Simpson was united in marriage to Miss Mary
Montieth, a daughter of George and Charlotte (Wells) Montieth, natives of New York.
The father, who was an architect by profession, came to Oregon in 1873 and settled
In Albany, where he spent his remaining years.

Mr. Simpson gave his political allegiance to the republican party and for several
terms was a member of the city council, in which connection he rendered valuable serv-

42fi HISTORY OP OREGOX

ice to the city. Fraternally he was connected with the Masons and in religious faith
he was a Presbyterian. He passed away in July, 1914, at the age of fifty-nine years,
and in him the community lost a substantial business man and an honored and respected
citizen, whose life was ever guided by high ideals and characterized by fidelity to duty
In every relation.

PERCY M. MORSE.

Percy M. Morse, county surveyor of Lane county, was born in Rochelle, Illinois,
October 30, 1876, his parents being Amos A. and Ellen (Keeney) Morse, natives, re-
spectively, of New Jersey and of Michigan. It was while residing in his native state
that the father volunteered for service in the Civil war, but as he had not yet attained
bis majority and his mother was dependent upon him tor support, his offer was not
accepted by the government. Going to Illinois he there became connected with rail-
roading, thus continuing until 1889, when he was appointed general freight agent tor
the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company at Portland, Oregon, discharging the duties
of that position in a most capable and efficient manner until 1914, or for a period of
twenty-five years. He then retired, but not being content to lead a life of inactivity.
he is now with the Northwestern National Bank of Portland, having charge of the
safety deposit vaults. Although seventy-six years of age he is still possessed of both
mental and physical vigor and his life has been one of activity and usefulness. The
mother also survives and is now seventy-two years of age.

Percy M. Morse was reared and educated in Rochelle and Rockford, Illinois, and
later became a student in the high school at Portland, Oregon, from which he was
graduated with the class of 1897. The following year he enlisted for service in the
Spanish-American war, becoming a member of the Second Oregon Volunteer Regi-
ment, with which he went to the Philippines. In March. 1899, he received his dis-
charge and subsequently became connected with the Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company, remaining in the service of that corporation for a period of seven years.
Subsequently he entered the employ of the Pacific Railroad & Navigation Company,
having charge of construction work at Tillamook, Oregon, for one and a half years.
From 1909 until 1916 he was city engineer at Hood River, Oregon, and then became
connected with the Eugene Ice & Storage Company at Eugene, with which com-
pany he remained tor a year. Later he acted as deputy surveyor of Lane county for
a period of two years, while for the past year he has filled the office of county sur-
veyor, ably discharging the responsible duties which devolve upon him in this con-
nection.

Mr. Morse was married in June, 1903, to Miss Margaret Godfrey and they have
become the parents ot tour daughters, namely: Elizabeth, Katherine, Marion and Mag-
gie Lee.

In politics Mr. Morse is a republican and he has labored earnestly tor the success
ot the party. He is a member of the American Association of Civil Engineers and his
religious faith is that ot the Presbyterian church. His labors have ever been of a
constructive nature, contributing in large measure to the work of improvement and
upbuilding in various sections of the state, and his sterling worth ot character is
recognized by all with whom he has been associated.

WILLIAM J. LESTER.

William J. Lester, who since 1919 has served as president of the Garage Men's
Association of Portland, is also president of the Lester Heym Company, handling the
Dodge cars and the Johns-Manville speedometers. He thoroughly understands the work
in which he is engaged, for which he prepared himself by broad and comprehensive
college training, and is regarded as an expert in his line. The family is an ancient
and honored one in England, tracing its ancestry to the earl ot Leicester, who lived dur-
ing the reign of Queen Elizabeth in the sixteenth century.

William J. Lester is a native of Wisconsin. He was born on the 19th of May, 1891,
a son of W. J. and Annie (Shepherd) Lester and was reared in Peoria, Illinois. After
completing the work ot the public and high schools he entered the University of Illinois

HISTORY OF OREGOX 427

at Urbana, from which he was graduated on the completion of a course in architecture
and engineering. This he supplemented by study in the Bradley Polytechnic School and
thus received thorough training along mechanical lines.

Following the completion of his studies Mr. Lester sought the opportunities offered
in the west to an ambitious, energetic young man and making his way to Portland
he secured employment with the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company as engineer,
in which capacity he had charge of the telephone work in the Multnomah Hotel and the
Journal building, thus continuing for one year. The next two years he spent as in-
dustrial educator at The Dalles and subsequently was for one year assistant director
of industrial education at Portland, following which he was tor three years in charge
of the automobile school of the Young Men's Christian Association at Portland. In
1918, in association with Earl F. Heym, he opened a garage in this city, specializing in
handling the Dodge cars, and two years later purchased the interest of Mr. Heym.
He has the authorized service station for repairs to the Dodge cars at Portland and
also serves in that capacity for the Johns-Manville speedometers for the state of
Oregon. He is an expert mechanic and is most ably conducting his interests which
are constantly expanding and he is now giving employment to seven skilled mech-
anicians.

In 1911 Mr. Lester was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude Bradley and they
have become the parents of three children: Anna Blanch, Gertrude Mary, and Wil-
liam J., Jr. As a member of the Chamber of Commerce he gives hearty support to all
of its well devised plans and projects for the upbuilding of the city and the expansion
of its trade interests and he is also identified with the Kiwanis Club, while his fra-
ternal connections are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Masons,
in which he has become a member of the commandery. In 1919 he was elected presi-
dent of the Garage Men's Association of Portland, in which capacity he is still serving
and was active in perfecting the state organization, being now a member of the board
of directors. His place of business is at No. 249 Sixth street, while he resides in a-
modern and attractive home at No. 924 East Salmon street. He is one of the city's
most energetic, progressive and farsighted business men and although but thirty years
of age he has already accomplished much. Since establishing his home in Portland
he has made many friends, all of whom esteem him for his industry, his aggressiveness
and his sterling integrity.

ISAAC WINFIELD STARR, M. D.

In the sudden demise of Dr. Isaac Winfield Starr, Oregon lost one of her honored
pioneer physicians and surgeons, whose life had been passed within the borders of
the state and who for over four decades had practiced his profession at Brownsville.
His life was actuated by high and honorable principles and his course was ever directed
along lines which commanded the respect and confidence of his fellowmen and his
colleagues and contemporaries in the profession, of which he was a distinguished
representative.

Dr. Starr was bom at Bellefontaine. Oregon, November 28, 1854, a son of Phillip
McWilliams and Ann Maria (Rambo) Starr, who in 1854 left Indiana and with ox
teams crossed the plains to Oregon, casting in their lot with its pioneer settlers. They
located in Benton county, where the father took up government land and engaged in
the conduct of a nursery. He was a man of high moral character and as a minister
of the Methodist church he devoted many years to preaching the gospel in Oregon,
his work being productive of much good in the communities where he labored. At
length he was obliged to discontinue his ministerial work, owing to injuries which he
had sustained and he passed away in 1902. The mother had long preceded him in
death, passing away in 1856. They possessed many excellent traits of character and
were highly esteemed residents of their locality.

Their son, Isaac Winfield Starr, was reared in Benton county and there attended
the public and high schools, afterward becoming a student in Philomath College. He
next entered the medical school of Willamette University at Salem, from which he
was graduated with the class of 1877, and then opened an oflSce at Brownsville, Linn
county, here continuing in practice the remainder of his life. He ever employed the
most scientific methods in the care of the sick and his ability as a physician and
surgeon won for him a large practice. Actuated by laudable ambition, his profes-

428 HISTORY OF OREGON

sional career was one of continuous progress and at all times he kept in touch with the
latest scientific researches and discoveries, thereby promoting his skill and efficiency
in his chosen calling.

On the 15th of January, 1882, Dr. Starr was united in marriage to Miss Clara Bishop,
a daughter of William R. and Elizabeth Jane (Adams) Bishop, the former born in
Indiana in 1826, while the latter was a native of Missouri. When about six years of
age the mother made the journey across the plains to California with her parents,
while the father went to that state in 1850, attracted thither by the discovery of gold.
Six years later, or in 1856, he came to Oregon and after spending a few months in
Multnomah county he removed to Linn county. He was a minister of the Presby-
terian church who also followed the profession of teaching, in which he was very
successful, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge he had acquired,
and for a period of twenty-five years he engaged in teaching school in Linn county,
becoming well known as an educator, at the same time continuing his ministerial
labors. He likewise purchased land but did not engage in its cultivation, leasing
the property with profit. In 1879 he removed to Portland, where he became book-
keeper for the Brownsville Woolen Mill, retaining that position for a period of eighteen
years. For twenty-five years he continued a resident of Portland and there passed
away in May, 1913, at the age of eighty-seven years. In California, in 1S53, he had
married Elizabeth Jane Adams, who died in March, 1912. He was a man of kindly
spirit and generous impulses, beloved by all who knew him, and was commonly known
as "Father" Bishop. In 1866-67 he filled the position of private secretary to Governor
Ballard of Idaho and he also became prominent in the public life of Oregon, repre-
senting Multnomah county in the state legislature, where he gave thoughtful and
earnest consideration to all vital questions coming up for settlement, stanchly sup-
porting all measures which he believed to be of benefit to the public at large. He was
a man of varied activities whose life was a most useful one. He always stood for
moral uplift and intellectual growth and his support was ever given to those move-
ments which had for their object the bettering of conditions of humanity in his dis-
trict and the elevation of the standards of life to a higher and more ideal plane.

To Dr. and Mrs. Starr were born two children: Chester Harvard, the elder, born
October 23. 1882. was united in marriage to Miss Norma Hendricks of Eugene, Oregon.
He is now district manager for the Willard Storage Battery Company, with head-
quarters in Dallas, Texas; Georgia Leanna, born March 16, 1892, is the wife of Charles
Dean Morse, a prominent automobile dealer of Brownsville, and they have become the
parents of a son, Charles Winfield, whose birth occurred on the 30th of April, 1919.

In his political views Dr. Starr was a republican, and fraternally he was identified
with the Woodmen of the World, the United Artisans and the Masons, his member-
ship being in the chapter of the latter organization, while his professional connections
were with the Oregon State and Central Willamette Medical Societies and the Ameri-
can Medical Association. His religious faith was indicated by his attendance upon
the services of the Methodist Episcopal church and his life was ever guided by its
teachings. He passed away November 2, 1918, at the age of sixty-four years, after an
illness of but three hours, and his death was the occasion of deep and widespread
regret to all who knew him, for he was a man of many sterling qualities, esteemed and
honored because of an upright life and because of his fidelity to duty in every relation.
His probity, his sincerity and his genial and kindly manner drew to him a host of
friends and admirers and his memory lives as a blessed benediction to all who had
the honor of his closer acquaintance.

JAMES CURRAN.

James Curran had been a resident of Portland for more than forty years when
he passed away from the scene of earthly activities. He was well known in the city
and as the years passed by the number of his friends increased as the circle of his
acquaintance widened. He was born in Belfast, Ireland, April 1, 1857, a son of William
H. and Elizabeth (Barklemore) Curran, who spent their lives on the Emerald Isle,
where they reared their family of five children.

James Curran was accorded liberal educational advantages. He attended high school
in his native country, and came to America In January. 1881, in the twenty-fourth
year of his age. Traveling across the country he cast in his lot with the residents of

JAMES CURRAN

HISTORY OF OREGON 431

Portland, then a city of little commercial and industrial importance, although it had
entered upon an era of steady growth that was to bring it to its present position as
one of the important commercial centers of the Pacific coast. Mr. Curran obtained
work as handy man for the Portland Telephone Company. His previous experience
had been that of a sailor and he made his way to the Rose city in that capacity but
soon afterward entered the employ of the telephone company. He acquainted him-
self with various phases of tne work connected with telephone operation, becoming
a combination switchboard installer, a switchboard constructor and lineman. Shortly
after taking his position with the telephone company he was engaged on the con-
struction of the first long distance line in Oregon, a grounded circuit from Portland
to Oregon City. Prom the humble beginning, having one hundred exchange stations
and one long distance line, Mr. Curran watched the telephone business grow and
aided in its development in Oregon until more than sixty thousand patrons were
served in Portland alone, with many hundred miles of line reaching to every portion
of the state. Under his supervision as construction superintendent, for he steadily
worked his way upward to that responsible position, much of the present-day plan
was built. Mr. Curran was familiarly known as "Uncle Jimmy" throughout the state,
a term that indicated his democratic manner, genial nature and his approachableness.
At length he was detailed as company representative on the Portland Joint Pole Com-
mittee and in 1914 he was elected to the position of secretary and continued to act in
that capacity until his demise. He was a member of the Telephone Pioneers of
America, and attended the convention of that organization in San Francisco in 1915.
Had he lived until January 6, 1921, he would have completed forty years in the
service of the telephone company and was, at the time of his death, one of its oldest
and one of its most reliable, progressive and trustworthy representatives. His faith-
fulness and capability had gained him steady promotion and step by step he advanced,
until as one of the ofiicials of the company he was active in directing its policy and
shaping its further development. Moreover, he contributed to that progress which at
all times kept pace with the onward march of events in the northwest and made the
telephone company one of the most essential and valuable of the public utilities in
this section of the country.

On the 29th of October, 1885, Mr. Curran was married in Portland to Miss Emily
Hyndman, a daughter of Robert and Margaret (Hunter) Hyndman, both of whom
were natives of Ireland. The children of this family were four in number: Emily M.,
who is now with her mother; Elizabeth, who died at the age of seven years; William
Henry, who is in Indianapolis, Indiana, with the Indiana Bell Telephone Company;
and Mary F., now the wife of A. G. Freiwald, a wheat ranchman, living at lone,
Oregon.

Mr. Curran was reared in the Presbyterian faith. Fraternally he was connected
with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and in politics he held to an independent
course, supporting men and measures rather than parties. He died October 3, 1920.
Friends throughout the state keenly mourned his loss, but his death was most deeply
felt at his home fireside. His home was ever his club and his greatest pleasure was
found in the midst of his family. He was a great reader, and because of this became
a man of scholarly attainment. In all things he was honorable and upright and his
sterling character was perhaps best shown in the love and respect entertained for
him by his employes. To know Mr. Curran was to enjoy his companionship, to prize
his friendship and to honor him for what he accomplished and for the life which he
led.

LOTT D. BROWN.

Lott D. Brown, senior member of the firm of Brown & Helgerson, prominent attor-
neys of Dallas, specializing in probate practice and land titles, is widely and favorably
known in this section of Oregon, where he has spent his entire life. He was born near
Dallas, in Polk county, March 31, 1882, and is a son of Henry M. and Flora (Plummer)
Brown, the former a native of Polk county, Oregon, and the latter of Iowa. The pa-
ternal grandfather, William C. Brown, started across the plains to Oregon from his
home in Indiana in the year 1847, casting in his lot with the earliest settlers of the
state. He became a resident of Polk county, taking up a donation claim near Dallas,
which he cleared and developed and in 1850 also engaged in general merchandising.

432 HISTORY OF OREGON

continuing active along those lines for a period of fifty years, or until five years prior
to his demise, which occurred in 1909, while his wife passed away in 1910. He had
accumulated large property holdings, owning twelve hundred acres on the edge of the
town and another tract of four hundred acres in Polk county, and he became recog-
nized as a prominent and influential citizen of his community, representing his dis-
trict in the state legislature. On attaining adult years his son, Henry M. Brown, father
of Lott D. Brown, engaged in the further cultivation and improvement of his father's
donation claim, continuing active along that line throughout the remainder of his
life. He passed away in 1912 and the mother's demise occurred in 1902.

Their son, Lott D. Brown, pursued his education in the district schools of Polk
county and in the graded and high schools of Dallas. Subsequently he completed a
course in a business college at Portland and afterward became court reporter at Dallas
and later at Baker, Oregon. In the meantime, however, he had devoted his leisure
hours to the study of law and in 1905 was admitted to the bar. The following year
he opened an office in Dallas, where he has since continued in practice, his ability in
his profession winning for him a large clientele. For a time he was engaged in the
abstract business here and in his practice specializes in land titles and probate work,
being recognized as an authority in those branches of jurisprudence. He is an able
attorney, thoroughly familiar with the principles of jurisprudence, and in their applica-
tion is seldom, if ever, at fault. In 1918 he became associated in practice with his for-
mer student, J. N. Helgerson, under the firm style of Brown & Helgerson, and they
have been accorded a large and representative patronage. Mr. Brown also owns and
operates two hundred acres of his grandfather's donation claim, located near the
town, and there maintains his residence. He also has become the owner of consid-
erable residence and business property, which he rents, and owns the office building
in which he maintains his office, his income from this source being a substantial
one. He is actuated in all that he does by a spirit of progress and enterprise that
prompts his continued effort until he has reached the desired goal.

On the 12th of June, 1907, Mr. Brown was united in marriage to Miss Leta McKim,
of Baker, Oregon, and they have become the parents of five daughters, namely: Flora,
Margaret, Charlotte, Helen and Beverly.

In his political views Mr. Brown is a stanch democrat and has taken an active
and prominent part in public affairs of his community, serving as police judge, and
for two years was city auditor. Mrs. Brown is a member of the Christian church
and fraternally Mr. Brown is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks. He is held in high regard by his professional colleagues
and as a public-spirited citizen has ever stood for those forces which work for the
uplift of the individual and the betterment of the community at large.

WILLIAM GORDON HOLFORD.

Well equipped for his professional work through attendance at the leading archi-
tectural schools in this country and travel study in Europe, which knowledge he
supplemented by broad practical experience in the east, William Gordon Holford has
since 1911 been numbered among the leading architects of Portland, conducting his
interests in partnership with Ellis F. Lawrence, who has also attained high standing
in his profession. Mr. Holford is a native of New England. He was born in New
Haven, Connecticut, in 1878, a son of Andrew and Margaret (Gordon) Holford, the
former a native of Scotland who engaged in landscape gardening, which occupation
was also followed by his father.

After completing his high school course William G. Holford became a student in
the Wesleyan Academy and later attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
from which he received the degrees of B. S. and M. S. Being desirous of acquiring
still greater efficiency in his chosen life work, in 1905-06 he went abroad for a study
of architecture in England, Prance, Italy and Switzerland. Returning to the United
States he filled responsible positions in the offices of leading architects of the east,
doing work on the state buildings at Albany, New York, and the Soldiers' Monument
at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and also on many fine residences in that section of the
country. Coming to Oregon he has since 1911 been associated in business with Ellis
F. Lawrence. They have been accorded a large and representative patronage with
offices situated in the Cliamber of Commerce building.

HISTORY OF OREGON 43n

In 1908 Mr. Holford was united in marriage to Miss Florence Fowler, a daughter
of Dr. George Ryerson and Louise (Wells) Fowler, ot Brooklyn, New York, the
former a surgeon of national repute. The three children of this marriage are Louise
Fowler, William Gordon, Jr., and Florence Margaret.

Mr. Holford is a member of the Oregon Chapter of the American Institute of
Architects and the American Association of Engineers. He is also identified with the
University and City Clubs and his political allegiance is given to the republican
party. iTor recreation he turns to gardening and sketching in oils. In his professional
work he combines utility and convenience with beauty and in attaining individual
success he has also contributed in large measure to the improvement and prosperity
of the city in which he now resides, his worth to the community being widely
acknowledged.

HOUGHTALING & DOUGAN.

Since 1914 the firm of Houghtaling & Dougan has been numbered among the archi-
tects of Portland and in the intervening period of seven years they have built up a
good patronage as the result of their excellent work and reliable dealings. Both men
are well versed in the scientific principles which underlie the business and with practical
knowledge and constantly broadening experience have already become well established
in a field for which careful training constitutes a splendid basis.

Chester A. Houghtaling, the senior member of the firm, is a native of Cleveland.
Ohio, and a son of Lorenzo and Catharine C. (Allen) Houghtaling, the former a
prominent shoe manufacturer of that city. The son completed a high school course,
then took up the study of construction engineering in the Lewis Institute of Chicago,
after which for two years he was employed as draftsman for the firm of Purdy &
Henderson, engineers, of Chicago. He next became connected with J. S. Metcalf
in the construction of grain elevators and subsequently did much construction work
in the Chicago stockyards for leading packing firms of the city. In 1903 he went
to Saskatoon, Canada, which at that time had a population of seven hundred and fifty,
while its inhabitants now number seventy-five thousand. After residing for three
years in that part of the country he went to Spokane, Washington, where during
the years 1906, 1907 and 190S he was identified with the firm of Cutter & Malmgren,
Architects. In the latter year he went to Twin Falls, Idaho, where he remained
until 1911 and then returned to Canada, there residing until 1913, when he made his
way to Portland, here opening an office. In 1914 he admitted Mr. Dougan as a partner
and this association has since been continued most successfully under the firm style
of Houghtaling & Dougan, much important work in their line in this city having
since been executed by them.

Mr. Houghtaling resides with his mother, his father having died when the son
was but four years of age. He is a member of the American Association of Engineers
and the American Society of Military Engineers. His interest in the welfare and
upbuilding of his city is indicated in his membership in the Chamber of Commerce
and the Realty Board, and he is also identified wtih the Knights of Columbus, the
Press and Kiwanis Clubs, and Advertising Club, the Loyal Order of Moose and
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In the spring of 1918 Mr. Houghtaling
enlisted for service in the World war and received his military training at Camp
Humphreys. In August, 191S, he was commissioned captain and he was honorably
discharged in February, 1919.

Leigh L. Dougan, the junior partner, was born in Princeton, Indiana, in 1883,
a son of Albert F. and Martha (Washington) Dougan. the latter a lineal descendant
of George Washington. The father engaged in business as a grain broker and also
followed the occupation of farming. The son obtained a high school education and
in order to prepare himself to enter Armour Institute of Chicago he devoted his eve-
nings to study, after which he studied architecture and art at the Art Institute, Chicago.
This he followed by a course of two and a half years in the Kansas State Agricul-
tural College, working his way through that institution, and then went to Vincennes.
Indiana, where for one and a half years he was employed as draftsman by Thomas
Campbell. He next spent two and a half years at Tulsa, Oklahoma, in the office of
J. J. Glandfield, following which he engaged in business independently tor two years.
The year 1911 witnessed his arrival in Portland, where he was identified with the

Vol. II— 2 S

434 HISTORY OF OREGON

Leonard Construction Company and other firms of that character until 1914, when
he formed a partnership with Chester A. Houghtaling and the business has since
been continued under the firm style of Houghtaling & Dougan. While among the
more recently established architectural firms in the city, they have been awarded
many important engineering contracts and have designed and erected numerous
garages, a new Elks' Club costing one million dollars, bank and club buildings, ware-
houses and other business edifices not only in Portland but also throughout the north-
west. The firm also locates sites tor prospective customers, in addition to executing the
plans and giving exact estimates of the cost of the building desired.

Mr. Dougan was married in Kansas on the 5th of September, 1907, to Miss
Gussie McCormick and they have become the parents of two children; Donald Lee
and Lellith Virginia. Mr. Dougan does all of the designing for the firm and, when
leisure permits, spends much time in the open. He is a great lover of nature and
devotes much of his recreation period to executing drawings in water colors and
oils, being thoroughly appreciative of the wonderful scenic effects presented in this
Switzerland of America. He is identified with the Press Club and Masonic order,
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his political allegiance is given to the
republican party. The partners are making steady progress in their chosen line
of work and through their labors are contributing in large measure to the improve-
ment and prosperity of Portland and the Pacific northwest.

JOHN SYLVESTER SCHENCK.

When John S. Schenck crossed the bar in October, 1913, there was widespread and
very general regret throughout The Dalles, where for years he had been a well known
figure in banking and commercial circles and where his name is still held in grateful
remembrance by numbers of citizens to whom he had been a benefactor during his life.

Mr. Schenck was born in Auburn, New York, a son of Sylvester and Eliza (Hughes)
Schenck, whose ancestors settled in tlie Dutch colony of New Y'ork state early in the
history of America. He was educated in the schools of his native state, and, being
of an adventurous disposition, he determined to come out west while he was yet quite
young. In 1862 he located at Portland and took employment with the Oregon Naviga-
tion Company, Lawrence Coe, a well known member of that company being his life
long friend. Later he was made agent of the company at The Dalles and remained in
that position until the company sold out to the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company
in 1875.

In the latter year Mr. Schenck established the banking house of Schenck & Beall.
which continued to carry on a most successful business until it was reorganized as the
First National Bank of The Dalles, with Mr. Schenck as its first president. The hand-
some structure in which the bank, is now housed was conceived and erected by him
against the advice of many, the general opinion being that The Dalles would never
grow sufficiently to warrant so elaborate a building. The structure is the largest and
finest in the city, being five stories high and covering one-fourth of a city block. It is
unquestionably the finest bank building in the state outside of Portland and is one of
the best oflfice buildings in Oregon.

Had Mr. Schenck done no more for The Dalles than to erect this building, he would
be regarded as a public benefactor. Many of the most successful farmers and orchard-
ists in Wasco county owe their success to him, and The Dalles was a better place to live
in because of his association with it, he being prominently identified with its commer-
cial and social affairs for a long number of years. Genial, kindly, and very public-
spirited, he was in all respects a model citizen.

Mr. Schenck was married in 1877 to Mrs. Naomi L. Mitchell, widow of Dr. B. W.
Mitchell, who was one of the early physicians of the state, and during his lifetime the
leading physician of central Oregon. Mrs. Schenck is a daughter of William Pike, a
Missouri pioneer, who was a member of the ill fated Donner party and was killed on
the plains. She is the youngest survivor. After the death of her father, her mother
married M. C. Nye. who for some years conducted the Nye ranch at Marysville, Cali-
fornia, and was a member of the mercantile firm of Nye, Foster & Company, known to
all the "forty-niners" who sought gold in the Marysville district and along the Colum-
bia river. Mrs. Schenck was educated at that famous school for girls, the Mary Atkins
Seminary, now known all over the United States as the Mills College, an institution

JOHN S. SCHENCK

HISTORY OF OREGON 437

which has turned out more distinguished women than, perhaps, any similar college in
America. With her husband she has seen Oregon grow from what was practically an
undeveloped country to be one of the leading states of the Union and the fruit and
flower garden of America.

Mr. Schenck was in no sense a politician but was ever a consistent member of the
republican party. Beyond being a delegate and sometimes chairman of conventions, he
never held public office. Fraternally he was a Scottish Rite Mason and attained the
thirty-second degree in the order, becoming a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. In October,
1913, he crossed the great divide, and his death was a bereavement not only to his
family but to all the people of central Oregon.

H. S. BOSSHARD.

H. S. Bosshard, who received the appointment of state printer of Oregon in 1919
and is now serving in that capacity, was born in Chilton, Calumet county, Wisconsin,
March 20, 1873. His father, John R. Bosshard, is a native of Switzerland and when a
young man of twenty years emigrated to the United States, making his way to Wis-
consin, where he has since resided, his home now being at Chilton, in Calumet county.
For fifty-four years he has lived within the borders of the state and is one of the
widely known and highly esteemed citizens of his community. He married Bertha
C. Rathgeb, who was also a native of the land of the Alps, and they came to America
on their wedding journey.

H. S. Bosshard attended the common schools of Chilton and for one year was a
student in the high school, after which he took up the printer's trade, working in a
large catalogue office. For fifteen years he there continued to follow his trade and in
October. 1910, he removed to Salem, Oregon, where he became identified with busi-
ness interests, but in 1914 sold out his holdings. He then became a printer in the
state printing department and in 1919 was appointed state printer by Governor
Olcott, which position he is now filling. His long experience has made him thoroughly
familiar with the printing business and he is well qualified to care for the interests
of which he has charge, so that his services are proving very valuable to the state.

On the 4th of October, 1904, Mr. Bosshard was united in marriage to Miss Emily
P. Arpke of Wisconsin, and they have become the parents of two children: Josephine
Margaret and Dorothy E. Josephine Margaret died July 13, 1913. Fraternally Mr.
Bosshard is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is proving a most capable public oflJcial, the
work of his department being characterized by neatness, accuracy and efficiency. He
is always loyal to any cause which he espouses and faithful to every duty and his
sterling worth is attested by all who know him.

ALBERT WINDELL.

Albert Windell. one of the progressive and enterprising agriculturists of Linn
county, is now operating a productive tract of ten acres situated one mile east of
Harrisburg. He is also the owner of a one hundred and sixty-acre timber tract in
the vicinity of Crawfordsville, which he leases, and his industry and energy have
brought to him a substantial measure of success. Mr. Windell is a native of Canada.
He was born November 5, 1S60, and is a son of T. N. and Anna (McCordick) Windell,
the former a native of England and the latter of Ireland. The father, who was a
speculator, emigrated to America in an early day and located near Toronto, Canada,
where his son Albert was born. Subsequently he crossed the border into the United
States and for three years was a resident of Michigan. He then removed to the
south and the remainder of his life was spent in the state of Virginia, where both
he and his wife passed away.

In the acquirement of an education Albert Windell attended school in Canada
and in Michigan and on starting out in life independently he entered the real estate
field. Later he turned his attention to sawmilling and to railroading and also worked
at the carpenter's trade. About 1890 he came to Oregon and locating in Brownsville, he
there engaged in contracting and building for a period of four years, after which

438 HISTORY OF OREGON

he rented land near the town. For two years lie continued to operate that tract
and subsequently moved nearer Brownsville, while at a still later period he rented
land within seven and a half miles of Harrisburg, which he cultivated for eighteen
years. On the expiration of that period he purchased his present place, which con-
sists of ten acres of improved land and is situated one mile east of Harrisburg.
This he has further improved by the erection of a large modern barn and the place
presents a most attractive appearance, indicating the practical and progressive methods
of the owner. He thoroughly understands the science of agriculture and his careful
and conservative management of his interests has brought to him well merited
success.

In April, 1887, Mr. Windell was united in marriage to Miss Helen E. Wines
and to them were born four children: Hazel N., who died January 16, 1910, at the
age of eighteen; William W., who is now filling the position of cashier in the Farmers
& Merchants Bank at Harrisburg; Albert E., who is a pupil in the Harrisburg high
school; and Bertha, who died when but seven weeks old. The wife and mother passed
away July 16, 1903, after an illness of several months, and her demise was the
occasion of deep sorrow to the members of the family as well as to the large circle
of friends whom her many admirable qualities had won for her.

In his political views Mr. Windell is a democrat, and his religious faith is indi-
cated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. He has led an active.
Busy and useful life, and his record illustrates the power of honesty and diligence
in ensuring success. His labors have always been constructive and intelligently
carried forward and he is accounted one of the progressive men of his community,
esteemed by all who know him.

HON. HENRY J. BEAN.

Hon. Henry J. Bean, an eminent jurist of Oregon, who since 1911 has served as
supreme court judge, has devoted much of his life to public service and his record
has at all times been a most commendable one, characterized by strict integrity and
the utmost devotion to duty. He was born in Bethel, Oxford county, Maine, Novem-
ber 13, 1853. His father, Timothy Bean, became a resident of Umatilla county, Oregon,
in 1866. He followed the occupation of farming, also engaging in buying and selling
cattle, and his demise occurred in 1900.

Judge Bean pursued his education in the schools of his home locality, subse-
quently becoming a student in Gould's Academy and also in the Hebron and North
Yarmouth Academies. Following the completion of his law studies he was admitted
to the bar on the 9th of March, 1881, and in June of the same year he came to Oregon,
locating at Pendleton, where he at once entered upon the active work of the pro-
fession. His ability as a lawyer soon won for him a good clientage and he became
very successful in the trial of cases, winning many favorable verdicts tor his clients.
His fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and legal acumen, called him to public
office and he was elected to the position of city attorney of Pendleton, in which
capacity he served for four years, following which he became recorder, so serving
for two years. In 1889 he was chosen to represent Umatilla county in the state legis-
lature, where he made a most creditable record, carefully studying the problems which
came up for settlement and earnestly supporting all measures which he believed
would prove beneficial to the commonwealth. From 1896 until 1900 he filled the office
of district attorney for the sixth judicial district and from 1904 until 1906 he was
county judge of Umatilla county, while from 1906 until 1910 he served as circuit
judge of the sixth judicial district. His excellent service in that connection led to
his selection for still higher honors and in 1910 he was elected justice of the supreme
court, taking office in 1911. Subsequent re-elections in 1914 and 1920 have continued
him in that high judicial position, his present term expiring on the 1st of January,
1927. His decisions indicate strong mentality, careful analysis, a thorough knowl-
edge of the law and an unbiased judgment, his ability being based upon a finely
balanced mind and splendid Intellectual attainments.

On the 8th of June, 1S86, Judge Bean was united in marriage to Miss Mattie E.
McGahey and they have become the parents of two children: Grace and Hawley J.,
the latter now twenty-eight years of age. Both children are graduates of the Uni-
versity of Oregon and during the World war the daughter did drafting work for

HISTORY OF OKEOOX 43;i

the Northwest Steel Company of Portland. Tlie son married Miss Flora Dunham
of Portland, and is now engaged in farming in Umatilla county.

It seems that Judge Bean has entered upon the profession for which nature
intended him, for in his chosen calling he has made steady progress and has carved
his name high on the keystone of the legal arch of Oregon. His sense of duty is
keen and his ideals of life high and the fact that he has been repeatedly re-elected
to this office indicates his superior ability as a lawyer and Jurist and the sterling
worth of his character. He is a man who would be a decided acquisition to any
community and association with Judge Bean means expansion and elevation.

SIDA B. WALKER.

Hop growing is rapidly becoming one of the most important industries of Oregon,
and prominent in this field of activity is Sida B. Walker, who has spent his entire
life in the west and has gained an expert knowledge of his occupation which can
come only through long personal experience. He brings to the operation of his farm
a scientific knowledge of modern agriculture and a progressive and open mind, real-
izing that the wealth of the country lies largely in its soil, and his efforts are meet-
ing with well deserved and gratifying success.

Mr. Walker is a worthy representative of one of Oregon's honored pioneer families.
He was born in Benton county, January 13, 1859, and is a son of James T. and Amanda
(Martin) Walker, the former a native of Iowa and the latter of Ohio. The mother
was a daughter of Jacob Martin, who in 1847 crossed the plains to Oregon as captain
of an emigrant train, known as the "Bare-Headed Company," so called because of the
fact that its captain, Mr. Martin, was never seen wearing a hat. James T. Walker
crossed the plains with his parents by means of ox teams and wagons in 1852, when
a youth of seventeen years, being obliged to walk during the greater part of the Journey.
Both the maternal and paternal grandparents took up land in Benton county, their
claims adjoining each other. Subsequently Jacob Martin traded his claim in Benton
county for land in the vicinity of Rickreall, in Polk county, this being about 1870.
There he continued to reside throughout the remainder of his life, passing away
about 1891, while his wife's demise occurred about 1900. The paternal grandfather
remained on his farm in Benton county until his demise about 1870 and his wife
survived him for many years, passing away about 1900 when nearly one hundred years
old. Their son, James T. Walker, on attaining manhood engaged in the occupation of
farming, cultivating his share of his father's estate in Benton county until 1873, when
he removed to Polk county and there purchased land, which he operated for a number
of years and then went to Washington, taking up his residence in Bellingham, where
he spent his remaining years. He passed away in 1905, having long survived his wife,
whose death occurred in 1876.

Sida B. Walker was reared in Polk county and there attended the district schools,
also for a short time the schools in Benton county. When about nineteen years or age
he began cultivating rented land, which for about eight years he continued to operate.
He then turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, becoming the owner of a general
mercantile establishment at Rickreall, in Polk county, which he conducted for two
years and then sold. He next became a resident of Independence and there for three
years devoted his energies to the management of a grocery business and then purchased
one hundred and twenty-four acres of land situated one and a halt miles from Inde.
pendence, on which he has since engaged in the growing of hops. He has made a close
study of the business and his labors have been attended with good results. The spirit
of enterprise characterizes him in all of his work and he carries forward to successful
completion whatever he undertakes.

On the 3d of October, 1S82, Mr. Walker was united in marriage to Miss Georgia
Tatom, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Tatom, honored pioneer settlers of Oregon,
the former arriving in the state in 1852 and the latter in 1847. The father engaged in
farming in Polk county and there resided during the balance of his life. Mr. and
Mrs. Walker have become the parents of three sons, namely: Guy G., who is con-
ducting a dry goods and grocery business in Independence: Ray M., who is serving
as mayor of Independence: and Dean H., a furniture dealer of Eugene.

Mr. Walker gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and has served
as a member of the city council. His life record illustrates the power of diligence

440 HISTORY OF OREGON

and determination in winning success. His labors have always been constructive and
intelligently carried forward and have resulted in placing him in the front rank of
progressive farmers in Polk county, where his sterling traits of character have won
for him many friends.

KIVA SUGARMAN.

Trade marks and slogans play an important part in the commercial world, for
merchants of all kinds recognize that, "It pays to advertise," and they endeavor in
ever possible way to call the attention of the public to their establishment by cleverly
worded phrases which later become bywords. The trade-mark that adorns the signs
and stationery of the establishment of Kiva Sugarman at Klamath Falls incites humor
and indicates the true character of the proprietor. The slogan is "I ain't mad at
nobody."

Kiva Sugarman was born in Rumania in 1878, a son of Abraham and Frieda
(Solomon) Sugarman. The father was a merchant but not suflSciently prosperous
to give his son Kiva much of an education. He w^as, however, early trained in the
habits of industry and so anxious for an education that he eagerly devoured every
book he could get possession of. He helped his father in the store and hearing much
about the opportunities offered in the new world to men of courage and earnest deter-
mination, he made up his mind to leave his native country upon coming of age.
He landed in New York in 1900 with but six and one-half dollars in his pockets
and no knowledge whatever of the language and customs of America. After two
weeks spent in hunting for a job he finally secured a clerkship in a dry goods store,
receiving for his services the sum of two dollars and twenty-five cents a week. His
working day was a long one, from seven in the morning until ten in the evening, but
Mr. Sugarman had determined to succeed and his first step along that path was to
learn the English language. After being in New York about two months and enduring
many hardships and privations, his brother in the old country, having heard through
relatives in this country, of Kiva's struggle here, wrote him, offering to send him
the money to return home, but he refused to go, replying that, "this country looked
good to him," and that he was going to remain. For three months he worked in
the store and then received transportation from an uncle who was in business in
Portland to come to that coast city. Having no money he went to an old friend of
his father who had know him from childhood and had met with success on coming
to this country. Showing him the ticket he said: "I have only the ticket and no
money so I came to ask you to help me get there, for it is a long journey." "Yes."
said the father's friend, "how much do you want?" Mr. Sugarman replied: "If you
will lend me twenty-five dollars I will send it back to you as fast as I earn it." As
he had to pay a board bill of fifteen dollars before he could leave, this would only
give him ten dollars with which to make the long journey. But the friend would not
lend him the money, believing he might spend it on some girl on the train but replied
that he would take him home to his wife and have her put up for him enough bread
and onions to last him on his journey. Although Mr. Sugarman was hurt by this
refusal he determined to make the best of it. That and many other obstacles, which
he finally overcame, gave him the idea, and thought of adopting the slogan. "I ain't
mad at nobody." In 1901 he landed in Portland and took a position in his uncle's
store for one dollar per week and board and within a year's time paid for his trans-
portation. Later he secured other employment, in which he engaged for three months,
and then returned to his former employer. At the end of four years he was receiv-
ing twenty-five dollars per week, which he certainly earned. In 1906 he decided to
start in business on his own account and. locating in Klamath Falls, opened a store
ten by twenty feet. For fourteen years he has operated that establishment which is
located in the center of the business section, fronting on Main street, and is devoted
solely to clothing, shoes and men's furnishings. The floor space has been increased
to sixty by one hundred feet and the trade is so extensive as to require the services
of six clerks.

In 1902, when earning but ten dollars a week, Mr. Sugarman was united in mar-
riage to Miss Flora Gumbert, a native Oregonian, and she has indeed proved a fitting
helpmate. Three children have been born to them: Harriet, Fay and Frieda.

The political allegiance of Mr. Sugarman is given to the republican party and

KIVA SUGARMAN

HISTORY OF OREGON 443

fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen ot the World. As a representative of
one of Klamath Falls' most important business interests he is a prominent and active
member of the Klamath Chamber of Commerce. His worth as a man and citizen is
widely acknowledged for he measures up to high standards in both connections. His
success has been the result of his own determined effort intelligently directed and he
has endeavored to give the public only the best qualities of goods to select from,
his stock embracing nothing but standard brands such as the Hart, Schaffner & Marx
clothing and Florsheim shoes. Mr. Sugarman is generous to the extreme, sending
his three sisters and one brother each a monthly check and donating freely to chari-
table institutions. He also has a brother Joe, who is in business in Portland. His
sister, Rosie, the eldest of the family, married Zalman Wechsler, who passed away in
1913, leaving five sons and one daughter. Mr. Sugarman was a true patriot during
the World war, being active in all drives and generously contributing to every cause.
After twenty years in America this self-educated man has risen to a position of
prominence in the community, being a successful and respected merchant, owner of
one of the finest stores of its kind in Klamath county. He has completely mastered
the English language and speaks it fiuently without the least accent.

RAY M. WALKER.

Ray M. Walker, mayor of Independence, is also prominently identified with busi-
ness interests of the city as a member of the firm of Craven & Walker, reliable and
progressive merchants of this vicinity. The family is a prominent and honored one
in the state, having been established within its borders in pioneer times. The father,
Sida B. Walker, was born in Benton county, Oregon, January 13, 1859, and is a son
of James T. and Amanda (Martin) Walker, the former of whom arrived in this state
in 1852, when a youth of seventeen years. He first became a resident of Benton county,
where he followed farming until 1873, when he purchased land in Polk county and
was acOve in its cultivation for many years. In later life he removed to Bellingham,
Washington, and there passed away in 1905. His son, Sida B. Walker, was reared in
Polk county and in young manhood took up the occupation of farming, cultivating
rented land for about eight years. Subsequently he was for two years engaged in
general merchandising at Rickreall, in Polk county, and later removed to Independence,
where for three years he conducted a grocery store. He then purchased a farm of
one hundred and twenty-four acres adjoining the town and has since been engaged in
hop raising, in which he has been very successful. On the 3d of October, 1882, he
wedded Miss Georgia Tatom, by whom he has three sons: Guy G., who is conducting
a dry goods and grocery business in Independence; Ray M., who was born in Polk
county, July 2, 1885; and Dean H., a furniture dealer of Eugene.

Ray M. Walker attended the public schools of Rickreall and the high school at
Independence. From 1902 until 1904 he was a student in the Oregon Agricultural Col-
lege at Corvallis and in 1905 he entered the State University at Eugene, which he
attended during the two succeeding years. On completing his university course he
entered the theatrical field, opening a moving picture house in Eugene and becoming
one of the pioneers in that line of activity in the state. In 1913 he removed to Inde-
pendence, where he purchased an interest in a general mercantile establishment, with
which he has since been connected, the business being conducted under the firm style
of Craven & Walker. They carry a large and well assorted line of general merchandise
and their enterprising and progressive methods, reasonable prices and courteous treat-
ment of customers have won for them a gratifying patronage. Mr. Walker is also
interested in farming pursuits and in association with his brother. Dean H., is engaged
in raising hops, having eighty acres devoted to that industry. In the conduct of his
business affairs he has displayed sound .iudgment and is a typical western man, wide-
awake, alert and enterprising, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he
undertakes.

In his political views Mr. Walker is a republican and in November, 1920, was
elected mayor of Independence, giving to the city a businesslike and progressive ad-
ministration and making a most creditable record in office. His standing in commer-
cial circles of his community is indicated in the fact that he is serving as president
of the Retail Merchants' Association and is a most progressive and public-spirited
citizen, doing everything in his power to promote the welfare and upbuilding of his

444 HISTORY OF OREGON

community. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks and the Masons and he also belongs to the Sigma Nu, a
college society. He enlisted for service in the World war and in August, 1917, was
sent to the officers' training camp at the Presidio at San Francisco, California, where
he was commissioned first lieutenant. He was sent to Camp Lewis, Washington, and
assigned to the Three Hundred and Sixty-fourth Infantry of the Ninety-first Division.
In June, 1918, he went overseas and was engaged in the battle of St. Mihiel and also
in the Argonne forest, participating in some of the severest engagements of the cam-
paign. He was discharged May 14, 1919, and for his gallant and meritorious conduct
on the field of battle was promoted to the rank of captain. He is a member of the
American Legion, becoming the organizer and the first president of the local post, and
was sent as a delegate to the convention at Portland. He is adding new lustre to an
honored family name and is a young man of high principles and substantial qualities,
progressive and reliable in business, loyal and patriotic in citizenship and at all times
displaying devotion to the duties that devolve upon him.

SAMUEL HANDSAKER.

In the death of Samuel Handsaker at his home in Eugene on the 5th of October,
1909, Oregon lost one of her honored pioneers, for he had come to this state in 1853.
He was a native of England, his birth having occurred in Derbyshire on the 19th of
November, 1831. His parents, Thomas and Mary (Faulkner) Handsaker, were also
natives of England and the father, who was a carpenter by trade, passed his entire
life in that country. After his demise the mother, In company with other members
of the family, crossed the Atlantic to the United States in 1843. They settled near Alton,
Illinois, and there the mother passed away in 1854.

Samuel Handsaker was but twelve years of age when the family emigrated to
America, and in 1853, when a young man of twenty-two years, he decided to try his
fortune in the west and crossed the plains with ox teams to Oregon, experiencing all
of the dangers, privations and hardships endured by the early pioneers. He located
in Douglas county and there took up a donation claim, which he improved and culti-
vated for about seven years. He then turned his attention to the butchering business,
which he followed at Oakland, Oregon, for about five years. In 1S71 he removed to
Lane county and purchased a ferryboat and a stock of general merchandise at Lowell,
conducting both enterprises until about 1880, when he disposed of his interests in
that locality and purchased a farm of about two hundred acfes near Dexter. He greatly
improved the property and continued to cultivate his land until ill health compelled
him to seek a change of occupation. Going to Pleasant Hill, Lane county, he there
operated a store for a few years and subsequently spent some time on the coast. Upon
his return to Pleasant Hill he again engaged in the general merchandise business for
a few years, but ill health once more compelled him to give up active business life
and he sold his store and took up his residence in Eugene, where he lived retired until
his death, which occurred at his home at No. 630 Twelfth avenue, East, on the 5th of
October, 1909, when he was seventy-eight years of age. He had served in the Indian
war of 1856-7 and there was no phase of Indian fighting with which he was not
familiar.

On the 27th of November, 1856, Mr. Handsaker was united in marriage to Miss
Sarah J. Cannon, who was born in Lake county, Indiana, December 15, 1837, her par-
ents being Samuel and Susanna (Eyier) Cannon, natives of Ohio. Her father was a
farmer by occupation and in 1S54 he crossed the plains with ox teams to Oregon, becom-
ing one of the early pioneers of this state. His first location was in Douglas county,
where he operated a farm for a short time and then removed to Lane county, taking
up land which he improved and operated until the time of his death, which occurred
in May, 1884, when he had reached the age of eighty years. He had long survived
the mother, who passed away in 1854. To Mr. and Mrs. Handsaker were born nine
children: Julia E., who died in January, 1871; George W., a resident of Portland.
Oregon; Mary S., the widow of H. D. Edwards, who died in 1917; Edward B., whose
home is in Veneta, Oregon; Martha, the wife of John Guiley, a resident of Dexter,
Oregon; Luella, who married W. L. Bristow and resides at Pleasant Hill, Oregon;
Henrietta, the wife of P. N. Laird, a resident of Jasper, Oregon; Thomas S., who is a

HISTORY OF OREGON 44.-)

minister of the Christian church and is now residing at San Diego, California; and
John J., whose home is in Portland, Oregon.

Mr. Handsaker gave his political allegiance to the republican party and his religious
faith was indicated by his attendance upon the services of the Christian church. Com-
ing to Oregon in 1853, when the country was wild and undeveloped and the Indians
far outnumbered the white settlers, he lived to see many changes and bore his full
share in the work of general improvement and development. His life was one of
diligence and determination and these qualities enabled him to overcome all obstacles
and difficulties in his path and advance steadily toward the goal of success. He ever
stood for progress and improvement along the lines of material, intellectual and moral
development and his demise was the occasion of deep regret not only to his immediate
family but to many friends, for he was a man whose sterling worth and excellent traits
of character had gained for him the goodwill and friendship of all with whom he came
into contact. Mrs. Handsaker still owns the home farm but resides with her daughter.
Mrs. Edwards, at No. 690 Fourteenth avenue. East, in Eugene and is one of the hon-
ored pioneer residents of this part of the state.

ELOF THOMAS HEDLUND, D. D. S.

Dr. Elof Thomas Hedlund, prominent dentist of Portland, was born in Louisiana.
June 29, 1885, a son of Elof and Julia M. (Nick) Hedlund. In the public schools of
New Orleans and Roseland, Louisiana, he pursued his education, after which he entered
the dental department of Tulane University and was graduated therefrom with the
class of 1906, at which time the degree of D. D. S. was conferred upon him. In the
same year he entered the office of Dr. W. M. Miller, a prominent dental surgeon of
New Orleans, with whom he remained for three years. In 1909 he opened an office in
Portland and has since remained in practice in this city, his professional ability winning
for him a large patronage. He possesses marked mechanical skill and is very efficient
and thorough in all of his work, employing the most modern methods and appliances
used in the practice of dentistry and dental surgery. Dr. Hedlund is active in all
civic affairs and stands high as a citizen, while his professional standing is unques-
tioned.

In his political views Dr. Hedlund is a democrat and a leader in the ranks of
that party. In 1914 he was a candidate for the nomination for congress from the third
congressional district of Oregon. He has served as presidential elector, is now serving
as county chairman of the democratic central committee and is past president of the
Jackson Club. While residing in Louisiana he served with the state militia as a
member of the Washington Artillery Company, one of the old-time southern organ-
izations, membership in which establishes a young man's social standing. He is an
earnest and active member of the Portland Chamber of Commerce and is also identified
with the Portland Ad Club and the Alumni Association of Tulane University.

In 1907 Dr. Hedlund was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Hancock, of Dallas.
Texas, member of a prominent southern family, and they have become the parents of
a son, William Hancock. For recreation Dr. Hedlund turns to motoring and other
outdoor sports. In social circles of the city he is well known and popular, while his
professional associates find in him a man of the highest principles and integrity, and
his worth to the community is widely acknowledged.

REV. JAMES L. CARRICO.

Rev. James L. Carrico, pastor of St. Edward's Catholic church at Lebanon, Oregon,
was bom in Indianapolis. Indiana, November 11. 1876, a son of John V. and Rosalia
(Stewart) Carrico, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Ohio. In the
latter part of the '60s he removed to Indiana from Kentucky, becoming a resident of
Indianapolis, and there spent his remaining years, his death occurring in 1891. The
mother survived him for many years, passing away in 1915 in Lebanon. Oregon.

James L. Carrico was reared and educated in his native city, attending St. Bridget's
parochial school and the Shortridge high school. In 1891 he entered Sacred Heart Col-
lege of Oklahoma and was later ordained to the priesthood in 1901. In 1912 he came

446 HISTORY OF OREGON

to Oregon and for a year was an instructor in the commercial department of Mount
Angel College at Mount Angel, Oregon. In 1913, he was appointed pastor of St. Ed-
ward's Catholic church at Lebanon, of which he has since had charge. The edifice
was built in 1872 by the congregation of the Cumberland Presbyterian church and was
used by them as a house of worship until the organization was disbanded. In 1905
the church property was purchased by the archbishop of the Catholic church. The
parish has heen attended since 1880, at which time Rev. G. B. Van Linn attended it
from Corvallis, services being then held in the homes of the parishioners. It was
served by Father Lewis Metayer from 1889 to 1892, at which time Father Bucholzer
also attended it. In 1902 Father Lainck from Sublimity, assumed charge of the parish
and he was succeeded by Father Seroski, who purchased the church edifice. The Rt.
Rev. Mgr. Lane of Albany and his assistants attended the church until 1912, when the
Rev. William Hampson succeeded to it. He it was who erected the first parsonage and in
1913 he was succeeded by Father Carrico. In 1915 Father Carrico was instrumental
in securing the erection of St. Matthew's church in McDowell Creek valley, eleven
miles from Lebanon. The building was erected by the people of the neighborhood,
all of whom most willingly aided in the work of construction, without regard to creed.
In 1918 Father Carrico built a six thousand dollar addition to the present church
edifice, to be used as church addition, parsonage and clubroom. and he has also pur-
chased ground for the erection of a school building, thus adding many improvements
to the church property, which is now a most valuable one. He also attends Holy
Trinity church at Brownsville and his parish is a large one, covering a territory twenty-
five by one hundred miles in extent, which includes the cities of Lebanon, Sodaville,
Brownsville, Waterloo, Berlin, Sweet Home, Foster, a famous mineral springs resort
at Cascadia, Holley and Crawfordsville. The parish at Lebanon numbers fifty families
and it was chiefly through the efforts of Mr. S. P. Bach, O'Neil Brothers, and several
others of that city that the church property was purchased. Father Carrico is greatly
beloved by his parishioners and under his guidance the work of the church has mater-
ially grown and developed. Its influence is constantly broadening and it as become
a most potent force in the moral progress of the community.

ADJUTANT GENERAL GEORGE ARED WHITE.

The record of Adjutant General George Ared White is an unblemished one, com-
manding for him the admiration and respect of all. In 1915 he received his present
appointment as adjutant general of the state of Oregon asd is a veteran of the Spanish-
American war and also of the World war, having devoted much of his life to military
service, in which he has won high honors and distinction. A descendant of the Pilgrim
Fathers, General White was born July 18. 1880, on a farm at Long Branch, Mason county.
Illinois, a son of Ared H. and Mary (Murray) White, the latter a native of Philadel-
phia, Pennsylvania. The father was born in Illinois and was a farmer by occupation.

In the public schools of Kansas and Utah, George A. White acquired his educa-
tion, later pursuing a course at the Art Students' League in New York city. Coming
to Oregon nineteen years ago. he secured employment as a newspaper writer and editor.
He has always been much interested as a citizen in national defense and his first
experience as a citizen-soldier was in the Spanish-American war, in which he served
during 1898 and 1899 as a private of Field Artillery. In 1900 he joined the National
Guard, of which he is still a member, and has won promotion through the various
grades from private to the rank of colonel. In 1915 he was appointed adjutant general
of Oregon by Governor James Withycombe and after completing the mobilization of
the state troops for border service, under leave of absence he served on the Mexican
border during 1916 and 1917 as captain of Troop A of the Oregon Cavalry. Upon the
mustering out of Troop A he resumed his duties as adjutant general in February, 1917.
His service to the government during the World war was most important and valuable.
He directed the mobilization of the Oregon National Guard, also had charge of the
taking of the military census of all males of military age in the state and likewise
directed the organization of the draft under the selective service act. Upon completing
all mobilization and draft organization work he volunteered for service overseas with
the army. He was assigned to the Forty-first Division and with that command was
sent overseas as a major in the Sixty-sixth Field Artillery Brigade. For eighteen
months he remained abroad, reaching the grade of lieutenant colonel, and for his dis-

HISTORY OF OREGON 447

tinguished services abroad he was decorated with the Cross of the Black Star by decree
of the president of France. After returning home he was commissioned colonel in
the Reserve Corps. Prior to returning to the United States he assisted in founding
the American Legion and became the first national adjutant of that association in
France. During 1919-20 he founded the American Legion weekly magazine for the
American Legion at New York city. Upon returning from this service in the summer
of 1920 he resumed his duties as adjutant general of Oregon and is now serving in
that capacity.

On the 22d of February, 1904, General White was united in marriage to Henrietta
Diana Fletcher and they have become the parents of two daughters, aged fourteen and
eight years, respectively. He is a man of fine military bearing, and while maintaining
the strict discipline so necessary in times of war, the men who served under him also
found him kindly, considerate and helpful. Merit won him his title, and honor is
associated with his name wherever his deeds have been recorded. His life has ever
been characterized by patriotism and devotion to country and he stands as a high
type of American manhood and chivalry, commanding at all times the confidence,
respect and honor of his fellowmen.

CARL P. GERLINGER.

Among the business projects which figure in connection with the development and
upbuilding of northwestern Oregon is the Dallas Machine & Locomotive Works, of
which Carl F. Gerlinger is the president. In the control of his business interests he
displays marked ability and energy, regarding no detail as too unimportant to receive his
attention and at the same time controlling the larger factors in his interests with
notable assurance and power. A native of Alsace-Lorraine. France, he was born March
28, 1878, and is a son of George and Matline (Haller) Gerlinger, who were also born in
France. The father, who was a forester, spent his entire life in his native land and
passed away in 1892, while the mother's demise occurred in 1886.

Their son, Carl F. Gerlinger, was reared and educated in his native land and there
learned the trade of a machinist. He became an engineer and was thus employed on
seagoing vessels until 1902, when he came to the United States, making his way across
the country to Portland, Oregon, where his uncle was then residing. There he entered
the employ of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company, with which
he was connected for a year, and in 1903 arrived in Dallas, where he became connected
with the Southern Pacific Railroad, assisting in building the line to Fall City. He
became master mechanic of the shops at Dallas, in the employ of his uncle who had
constructed the line, and when in 1912 the road was taken over by the Southern Pacific
.Mr. Gerlinger was made general foreman of the shops and still retains that position,
which he is well qualified to fill, being an expert mechanic. On the 1st of December,

1919, he organized the Dallas Machine & Locomotive Works, of which he became presi-
dent, with W. E. Ballantyne as secretary-treasurer. They repair locomotives, saw-
mills, logging equipment and farm machinery and also engage in boiler work, black-
smithing and pattern work, manufacturing grey iron and brass castings and prune
stoves. They operate a large factory and foundry and although recently organized
their business has already assumed large proportions, their trade extending to Wash-
ington and California as well as eastern Oregon. Mr. Gerlinger is thoroughly familiar
with every phase of the business and is thus able to direct wisely the labors of those
in his employ, so that the enterprise is conducted along the most modern and pro-
gressive lines, productive of substantial and gratifying results. He possesses excellent
executive ability and keen discernment and in his dealings is known for his honorable
methods, which have won for him the confidence of his fellowmen.

In June, 1904, Mr. Gerlinger was united in marriage to Miss Marguerite Bank-
hauser, and they have become the parents of four children, namely: Matline, Alfred C,
Augusta L. and Carl. Mr. Gerlinger obtained his naturalization papers on the 10th
of May, 1909. and is a loyal American citizen, interested in all that pertains to the
welfare and development of his adopted country. He is a republican in his political
views, a member of the Dallas City Council, to which he was elected in November,

1920, and a Presbyterian in religious faith. Fraternally he is identified with the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and he is also a Mason, belonging to the lodge at
Dallas and to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland. He is classed with

448 HISTORY OP OREGON

the substantial business men of his community and is widely known and honored

as a self-made man who has attained success through honest effort and indefatigable
industry.

MARK LEVY.

Mark Levy of Portland, was born in New York, January 12, 1856, and passed away in
Rose City, March 1, 1918. The years that marked the interval chronicled the growth
of the babe into a self-supporting lad and his advancement to a prominent position
among the self-made men of the northwest. For more than a third of a century he was
a commission merchant of Portland and was the pioneer in that line of business in the
city. He won a fair measure of success and might have been a wealthy man had he
hoarded his earnings, but he was continually e.xtending a helping hand to those who
needed assistance and his generosity kept him from a point where he could be reckoned
as a capitalist. What he did gain in all these years was the love, respect and honor
of his fellows. There are few men in Portland who have ever shared to so great an
extent in the high esteem of those who have known them as did Mark Levy, and the
news that death had called him carried sorrow to the hearts of all who had been his
associates in business and in social circles. He was a son of Morris and Earnestine
(Reese) Levy, who were natives of Germany but left that country soon after their
marriage and for a few years resided in New York city, where their two eldest children,
a daughter and a son Mark, were born. The father left New York and by way of the
Panama route made his way to Sacramento. About a year later he sent for his family
to Join him, having in the meantime prepared a little home for them and they also
traveled to the Pacific coast by way of the Isthmus route. The parents were gradually
getting a business foothold when the great flood of 1861 wiped out all their posses-
sions. Mark Levy was then a lad of but five years and like the others of the household
met the hardships and privations that followed because of the loss of all their prop-
erty. He was hardly ten years of age when he began earning his living by selling
fruit on the boats that crossed and passed up and down the river. While most boys
were playing or swimming and having a good time, Mark Levy was carrying his basket
selling fruit. He attended school only until he had completed the fourth grade, but
all through his life he was learning valuable lessons that made him a man of wide
knowledge and liberal education. He attended night school to some extent and was
ever anxious to make intellectual advancement. He was but thirteen years of age
when he accepted employment in a commission house and there remained until his
marriage. It was about that time that he came to Portland, where he made his home
for more than a third of a century. He opened the first fruit and commission house
in the city, having received word from his brother-in-law, L. Samuel, that there was no
regular commission house in Portland. He then came with his wife to this city,
bringing with him the eight hundred dollars which he had saved from his earnings,
arriving in October, 1881. While he had previously held a good position in Sacra-
mento he had long contributed to the support of other members of his father's family,
so that his capital was not large when he removed to the northern city. It has been
said that "the fact that the commission business of Portland is conducted on a high level
is largely due to Mark Levy, who was until his death the dean of the Portland com-
mission business." His trade developed with the growth of the city until it had
become one of mammoth proportions. The first carload of fruit ever shipped out of
Portland to the east was dispatched by Mr. Levy soon after the completion of the
Northern Pacific Railroad. The starting of the car, which carried a load of Oregon
plums and pears, was an event of interest at that time, although in later years Mr. Levy
shipped hundreds of cars to the east. For a considerable period his brother, B. H.
Levy, was associated with him in the business, but Mark Levy became the sole pro-
prietor on the 21st of December, 1907. His integrity and his enterprise were im-
portant factors in his success and another element of his progress was his unfailing
good nature. Rufus R. Ball, who was his bookkeeper for twenty-four years, said that
during that entire time Mr. Levy never uttered an unkind word to or about anybody;
and one of the local papers, in speaking of this characteristic at the time of Mr. Levy's
death, said: "Sometimes he might get vexed at what he thought was unfair treatment,
but not a harsh word passed his lips. Voluble in praise, usually jolly with jest and
story, he went lightly and jokingly about his business when all went well; when a

MARK LEVY

HISTORY OF OREGON 451

vexing subject arose he closed his lips, grew as silent as the Sphinx, paced silently
up and down the store until he could go calmly back to business. In all of his busi-
ness years in Portland he never discharged a single individual. He chose his helpers
with rare judgment, and once hired they were fixtures until they chose to quit. He
never had but the one business and the only change in that for the thirty-six years of
his career was the removal from the, east side of Front street to the store opposite.
In his habits he was one of the most regular and punctual of men. His departure from
his home in the morning was almost as evenly timed as the striking of a clock."

One of the prize letters received by Mrs. Levy since his death, expressing their
grief at his passing, was signed by every commission man on Front street — a fact which
stands as incontrovertible evidence of the high regard in which he was held by his
colleagues and contemporaries in the business world.

Before leaving Sacramento Mr. Levy was married in that city January 23, 1881, to
Miss Jennie Marx, a daughter of Harris and Rebecca (Enkle) Marx, both of whom
were of German birth but came to America at an early day. They were married In
San Francisco and returned to New York, where they intended to make their home,
and it was there that Mrs. Levy was born. When she was but four months old, how-
ever, her parents returned to California by way of the Panama route and for a time
lived in San Francisco, while subsequently they removed to Sacramento, where Mrs.
Levy acquired her education and grew to womanhood. Mr. Marx was engaged in the
boot and shoe business in that city. To Mr. and Mrs. Levy was born a daughter,
Vivian C, who is now the wife of Felix Friedlander, a well known jeweler of Portland.

Mr. Levy was a charter member of the Commercial Club, now the Chamber of Com-
merce, and one of its first directors. He also belonged to the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks, to the Concordia Club, to the Tualatin Club and was a member of the
Beth Israel church. He was also a lifelong republican. Something of his standing
among his friends — and all who knew him were his friends — is indicated in the
remark of one who said: "He was the jolliest man, one of the best companions I ever
met. He was as true as steel, as good as gold, as loyal as the sun." The kindliness of
his nature is indicated in the fact that he enjoyed the love of all children, while a neigh-
bor said of him: "It was like a tonic to talk to Mark Levy." Again and again those
who knew him said: "Mark Levy never said an unkind word about any person." It
was undoubtedly this kindness of spirit which made his death so much a matter of
general regret. One writing of him for a Portland paper said: "He was not a man
of great wealth. Why was he not? Ah, there lies the best of all sides of Mark Levy —
he gave and gave and kept giving — not in fabulous amounts; he did not endow col-
leges or found schools. His principal monuments are in the hearts of the poor, his
greatest mourners are widows and orphans, the helpless, the hopeless and the un-
fortunate. Graven on the hearts of many of these the name of Mark Levy shines like
pure gold. And in his deeds of charity he did not often even take his wife into his
confidence. He did not even let' his left hand know what his right hand was doing.
He decried all sorts of what might be called publicity charity. His charitable deeds were
for the love of his fellowmen, not for self-glorification. * * • Mark Levy needs no
monument, no marble shaft is necessary to keep his name alive as a citizen of the
highest rank and a friend almost beyond compare. His monument was built little
by little during his life and consists of sufficient good deeds to reach unto heaven."

JOSEPH OSBOURNE CRANFORD.

Joseph Osbourne Cranford, manager of the McMinnville branch of A. Rupert &
Company, is proving energetic and farsighted in the conduct of the interests under his
care. He was born in Otis, Louisiana, March 22, 1889, and is a son of Rev. Joseph W.
and Mary E. (Leavines) Cranford, also natives of the Bayou state. The father spent
much of his life in the state of Texas, but for the past fifteen years has been stationed
at Otis, Louisiana, where he is pastor of the Baptist church. The mother also survives
and they are highly respected people of their community.

The son, Joseph 0. Cranford, was reared in Otis, Louisiana, and there attended
the public schools, after which he became a student at the State University of Louisiana,
from which he was graduated with the class of 1917. On the 1st of July, 1917, he
enlisted for service in the World war and was later sent to the Georgia School of
Technology at Atlanta. He was made a second lieutenant in the aviation service of

452 HISTORY OF OREGON

the Signal Corps and was sent to Oregon in connection witli the Spruce Division,
after which he was transferred to Vancouver, Washington, where he received his dis-
charge on the 14th of December, 1918. He then worked as government inspector of
dehydrated products, after which he was for a year connected with the California
Packing Corporation. Following this he purchased stock in the A. Rupert Company,
Tnc, packers and distributors of fruits and vegetables, and became manager of the Mc-
Mlnnville plant, which has a capacity of forty thousand cases per year. Mr. Cranford
erected this plant, which is modern in every particular, and is proving entirely equal
to the responsible duties which devolve upon him as manager. He gives careful over-
sight to all phases of the business and is constantly seeking to increase the efficiency
of the plant, to improve in every way possible the quality of the products and to
extend the trade of the company. The headquarters of the firm are maintained in
the Worcester building, at the corner of Third and Oak streets in Portland, and it
also conducts branch establishments at Newberg, Lebanon, Roseburg, Gresham. Spring-
brook and Falls City, Oregon, and at North Puyallup, Washington, this being a most
extensive business. Mr. Cranford also owns a twenty-six acre ranch adjoining the
town of McMinnville, on which he has erected a modern bungalow, and he Intends to
make this an up-to-date fruit farm.

On the 9th of November, 191S, occurred the marriage of Joseph 0. Cranford and
Miss Emily M. Rupert, a daughter of Arthur and Letha E. (Cone) Rupert. Her father
became the founder of the A. Rupert Company, Inc., one of the most important indus-
trial enterprises in the northwest, and was a dominating figure in the business life
of the state. He passed away at Portland on the 22d of January, 1920. at the age of
forty-four years. His widow survives him. They were the parents of three children:
Emily M., now Mrs. Cranford; Milan A., who is attending Columbia University of
New York city; and Alice D., at home. Mr. and Mrs. Cranford have become the parents
of a son, William Rupert, who was born September 19, 1919.

In his political views Mr. Cranford is a democrat and his fraternal connections
are with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is also a member
of the American Legion and in religious faith is a Baptist. In business matters his
judgment is found to be sound and reliable and he is most capably managing the
extensive interests under his control. He is yet a young man, but his developed capabil-
ity and powers have made him one of the forceful factors in business circles of north-
western Oregon and his many sterling qualities have gained him a high place in the
respect and regard of all who have been brought into contact with him.

JOSEPH JACOBBERGER.

Since 1S90 Joseph Jacobberger has been a resident of Portland and he is numbered
among the leading architects of the city, many of whose most substantial and beauti-
ful public edifices stand as monuments to his skill and ability in his chosen life work.
He was born in Alsace-Lorraine in 1S69, a son of Mr, and Mrs. Hubert Jacobberger.
In 1871 his parents emigrated to America, becoming residents of Omaha, Nebraska,
where the father engaged in business as a contractor and builder.

After completing his high school course Joseph Jacobberger entered Creighton
University of Omaha, where he acquired his scientific training and following his gradua-
tion from that institution of learning he was employed for a number of years as
draftsman in architects' offices. In 1890 he arrived in Portland and for five years
worked as a draftsman for the firm of Whidden & Lewis, leading architects of this
city. On the expiration of that period he engaged in business independently and is
now accorded a good patronage, maintaining offices in the Board of Trade building.
Among the notable buildings which he has designed may be mentioned the Nortonia
and Willard hotels, the Home of the Good Shepherd, the Church of the Madeleine. St.
Philip's church, the Knights of Columbus buildings, the Mount Angel College build-
ings, the Rose City Park school building and also many fine residences in the city.
He is always to be relied upon in the execution of contracts and in his architectural
work he combines utility and convenience with beauty of design.

In 1893 Mr. Jacobberger was united in marriage to Miss Anna Lillis of this city and
they have become the parents of five children: Hubert, who pursued a course in
engineering at the University of Oregon and is now engaged in that line of work;
Francis, who was also graduated from the State University and is an architect by

HISTORY OF OREGON 453

profession; Vincent, who completed a general course in the State University; Bertram,
who is employed as a clerk in the Hibernian Bank; and Margaret, a student in St.
Mary's Academy. The family resides in a fine country home at Hillsdale.

Mr. Jacobberger is a democrat in his political views and in religious faith is a
Catholic, attending the cathedral in this city. He is a member of the Knights of Col-
umbus and an active worker in its ranks, being a past grand knight of the order and
he is also identified with the City Club. His life work is a most useful one and he
is never content with the second best but is ever striving to attain a higher degree
of perfection in his chosen profession, in which he has now attained a position of
prominence. He is a man of many sterling characteristics and Portland counts him
as a valued acquisition to her citizenship.

JOHN E. MURPHY.

John E. Murphy, a veterinarian of Junction City, where he is also operating in
real estate, in which connection he is contributing in substantial measure to the up-
building and improvement of his community, is a native son of Wisconsin, his birth
having occurred in Pleasant Valley, St. Croix county, January S, 1S64. He is a son of
Edward J. and Mary Ann (McCue) Murphy, both of whom were born in Ireland. The
paternal grandfather passed his entire life in his native country and following his
demise the grandmother emigrated with her family to the new world, Edward J.
Murphy being at that time but eight years of age. On leaving the eastern metropolis
she made her way westward, establishing their home in Wisconsin. With courage-
ous spirit she undertook the task of rearing her family in a strange country and was
privileged to see her children attain to manhood and womanhood, passing away at
St. Paul, Minnesota, at the very venerable age of ninety-seven years. Edward J.
Murphy attended school in Wisconsin and on reaching mature years engaged in the
occupation of farming, which he continued to follow in that state the remainder of
his life, meeting death in a runaway accident in 1897. The mother, who had been
brought to this country by her parents when but six years of age, survived him for
nearly two decades, her demise occurring in 1917.

John E. Murphy was reared and educated in St. Croix county, Wisconsin, and
resided at home until he reached the age of twenty-eight years. After a year's absence
he returned and rented the home farm, which he operated for five years. On the
expiration of that period he went to North Dakota, taking up land near Bowbells,
which he developed and improved, continuing to reside on his farm for nine years.
He then came to Oregon and turned his attention to the practice of veterinary surgery
at Junction City, having previously purchased land near the town. In April, 1920,
he became identified with business interests of his community, opening a real estate
oflSce, in which connection he is building up a good patronage. He is a firm believer
in the future of this section of the country and through extensive advertising is
endeavoring to induce residents of the east to locate here, thus greatly promoting the
upbuilding and advancement of his community. He still engages to some extent in
the practice of veterinary surgery, which, however, owing to the extensive use of the
automobile, has become a somewhat limited field, and he is also the owner of two
valuable farms which he leases, having retained possession of his North Dakota land.
He is a progressive, wide-awake and energetic business man, whose plans are well
formulated and promptly executed and in his vocabulary there is no such word as fail.

On the 28th of January, 1901, Mr. Murphy was united in marriage to Miss Rose
C. Movius and they have become the parents of six children: Edward Lee, Mary L.,
Bernadetta I., James V., Willard J. and Rose Elizabeth.

In his political views Mr. Murphy is a democrat and he has taken an active and
prominent part in the public affairs of his community, serving as mayor of Junction
City in 1912 and 1913. His administration was a most progressive and businesslike
one and during his incumbency in the office of chief executive of the city many needed
improvements were made, including the paving of all streets and the establishment
of a new lighting system by granting a franchise to the Oregon Power Company. His
fraternal connections are with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Catholic
Knights of Wisconsin, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the
Catholic church. Mr. Murphy ever stands for all that is progressive in citizenship and
has contributed in marked measure to the upbuilding, development and prosperity of

454 HISTORY OF OREGON

the community in which he resides. He is a man of high personal standing, of marked
business integrity and ability, and the sterling worth of his character is recognized
by all with whom he has been associated.

JUDGE JULIUS CAESAR MORELAND.

Judge Julius Caesar Moreland, who was one of Oregon's most eminent lawyers,
a man whose integrity of character as well as high professional attainments won him
the respect and honor of all who knew him, was born in Smith county, Tennessee,
June 10, 1S44, a son of Rev. Jesse Moreland and a representative of one of the old
and prominent southern families. He traced his ancestory in direct line back to the
Cromwellian period in the history of England, one of the founders of the Moreland
family having been a stanch supporter of the Protector. It was about the year 1660,
following the death of Cromwell, that this ancestor crossed the Atlantic and took
up his abode on the James river in Virginia. He was the progenitor of a long line
of southern planters who were adherents of the Quaker faith and contributed to
the moral development as well as to the material progress of the Old Dominion.
John Moreland, who was a Virginian by birth, removed to North Carolina in young
manhood and in 1S07 left that state to become a resident of Kentucky. Five years later
he took up his abode in Tennessee, where he spent his remaining days, his death occur-
ring in 1855. He had been reared in the Quaker faith but later in life became a
member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His son, the Rev. Jesse Moreland, was
the father of Judge Moreland of this review and was born January 1, 1S02, near
Asheville, North Carolina. He became a licensed local minister of the Methodist faith
and engaged in preaching the gospel for more than seventy years. He earned his
livelihood by farming, giving his services to the church without pecuniary compensa-
tion. Feeling that the influence of slavery was an evil one he removed with his
family to Illinois, settling at Carlinville, Macoupin county, in 1848. There he resided
for four years, or until 1852, when with his wife and children he started across the
plains for the northwest, spending six months in making the trip to Oregon. Here
he took up his abode on a farm in Clackamas county and in 1859 was called upon to
mourn the loss of his wife who up to this time had shared with him in all the hard-
ships and privations of pioneer life. He afterward turned his attention to merchan-
dising which he followed for twelve years and he also continued to act as a minister
of the Methodist faith, being one of the pioneer representatives of the denomination
in Oregon. He passed away in Portland, March 3, 1890, at the venerable age of eighty-
eight years. His wife, too, had come of distinguished ancestry. She bore the maiden
name of Susan Robertson and was a native of Cumberland county, Tennessee. She
was also descended from ancestors who fought under Cromwell. The founder of the
Robertson family on this side of the Atlantic was General William Robertson who
had been an officer under Cromwell and who was a member of the jury in the trial
of King Charles I and as such a participant in the order demanding the death of
the monarch. General Robertson fled to Virginia for safety after the death of Crom-
well and the fall of the protectorate, followed by the restoration of monarchial rule
in England. The Robertson family was represented in both the Revolutionary war
and the War of 1812, several of the name winning high rank as military officers.

Judge Moreland was but eight years of age when he came with his parents to
Oregon and while assisting his father to clear and develop the home farm he attended
school for about three months in the year, thus laying the foundation for a liberal
education which was largely acquired in the school of experience. In 1860, when a
youth of fourteen, he went to Portland where he was employed in the composing room
of the Oregon Farmer, continuing to serve in that connection for three and a half
years. He afterward attended the Portland Academy, from which he was graduated
in 1865. In the previous year he had charge of the state printing office at Salem
and following his graduation took up the study of law which he diligently pursued,
being admitted to the bar on the 6th of September, 1869, when twenty-five years of age.

Judge Moreland then went to Boise, Idaho, where he was employed as a printer
on the Boise Statesman for a year, after which he returned to Portland and acted as
foreman on the Oregonian for a time. He then formed a law partnership with John
F. Caples under the firm style of Caples & Moreland, an association that was main-
tained for six years. In 1886 he was appointed by Governor Moody to the office of

JULIUS C. MORELAND

HISTORY OF OREGON 457

county judge of Multnomah county and in 1S90 was elected to the position, which he
continued to fill through the succeeding four year period. His decisions on the bench
were models of judicial soundness. He most carefully considered every question which
came to him for settlement and his rulings were at all times strictly fair and impartial.
He likewise filled other offices, serving at one time as a member of the Portland city
council and it was he who framed the resolution and presented it to the council to
plant the trees in the city park that today is such a comfort and pleasure to the
thousands of Portland's citizens who go there to enjoy the beautiful shade. From
1877 until 1882 he was city attorney and from the 24th of June, 1907, until his demise
he was clerk of the supreme court of Oregon. He was long recognized as a leader
in the ranks of the republican party and was secretary of the republican state central
committee from 1872 until 1885.

Judge Moreland was married at Boise, Idaho, on the 3d of July, 1867, to Miss
Abbie B. Kline, a daughter of John L. and Mary (Jordan) Kline, who were natives
of Tennessee and on coming to Oregon in pioneer times settled at Corvallis, where
Mr. Kline built the first sawmill in that section of the state. There he engaged for
a time in the lumber business and afterward resided at various points, finally taking
up his abode in Portland where he spent his remaining days. Judge and Mrs. More-
land became the parents of four sons and two daughters: Harvey; Harry, deceased;
Eldon W.; Irving; Susie, who is the widow of Mark W. Gill, formerly of Portland,
mentioned elsewhere in this work; and Mrs. Chester A. Moores. All are residents of
Portland.

Judge Moreland was a prominent figure in Masonic circles in this state. He was
initiated into the order in October, 1866, becoming a member of Harmony Lodge, No. 12,
A. F. & A. M. Later he became a charter member of Portland Lodge, No. 55, and
was its master from 1S78 until 1879. In 1872 he joined Portland Chapter, No. 3, R. A.
M. and was high priest in 1884-5. In 1879 he became a member of Oregon Command-
ery, No. 1, K. T. and in 1893-4 was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Oregon, having
previously served as grand orator, grand senior deacon and deputy grand master. In
1888 he joined Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland and there have been
few more devoted followers of Masonry in the state than was Judge Moreland. He
was likewise a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He passed away
February 2, 1918. He was spoken of by the press as one of Oregon's most eminent
lawyers and students of the history of the state. Many well deserved tributes were
paid to his personal worth and his superior professional ability. The tribute of Gov-
ernor Withycombe was as follows: "I have known Judge Moreland for forty years
and I have always regarded him as a very high type of man. He was a man of very
keen perception in both state and national affairs. Strong he was in his likes and
dislikes and was ever a devoted friend. He was absolutely dependable and all through
his career has been absolutely without a blemish. His death is a distinctive loss to
the state." He was a loving husband and father who found the greatest pleasure in
life at his own fireside surrounded by those he loved and those who honored and
respected him for his genuine worth.

HERBERT NUNN.

Herbert Nunn, who since 1897 has been engaged in engineering work in Washing-
ton and Oregon, is now serving as state highway engineer, to which ofl^ce he was ap-
pointed on the 9th of April, 1917. He has become widely known as an engineer and
has completed many important projects in various parts of the country, being recog-
nized as an authority in his chosen line of work. He deserves much credit for what
he has accomplished, for he started out in life with no capital except superior mental
endowments and the determination to succeed and his present position has been gained
entirely through his own efforts and ability.

Mr. Nunn is a native of Missouri. He was born at Harrisonville, Cass county,
July 18, 1877, a son of Albert H. Nunn, a native of Kentucky, and Eva (Warner)
Nunn, whose birth occurred in Indianapolis, Indiana. The family is an old and hon-
ored one in the south, representatives in both the paternal and maternal lines having
settled in Virginia during the period of the Revolutionary war. In 1891 Albert H.
Nunn emigrated to the northwest, taking up his residence in Washington, and is now

458 ■ HISTORY OF OREGON

living in Vancouver, that state, at the age of sixty-five years, being engaged in busi-
ness as a contractor. The mother also survives.

Herbert Nunn acquired his education largely in the school of "hard knocks" and his
professional instruction was received in the Infantry and Cavalry School at Leaven-
worth, Kansas, where he took a special course in military engineering. This is a
postgraduate school for West Point officers and Mr. Nunn was accorded the honor of
being one of three civilians chosen by Theodore Roosevelt to take this course. He
has been engaged in engineering work in Washington and Oregon since 1897. In Jan-
uary, 1906, he went to Mexico to do mining and engineering work, but was compelled
to leave that country in 1909, owing to the revolution. He then became county en-
gineer of El Paso county, Texas, constructing all of the public highways in that section
of the state. From 1911 until 1914 inclusive, he served as city engineer of El Paso
and then returned to Oregon. On the 9th of April, 1915, he was appointed county
engineer for Multnomah county and took charge of the work on the Columbia highway,
one of the most notable engineering projects in the country. He filled that position for
two years and on the 9th of April, 1917, was appointed to his present position as state
highway engineer and he is also the executive officer of the state highway commis-
sion. This is a most important and responsible position, requiring engineering ability
of a high order, and it is a foregone conclusion that under Mr. Nunn's capable direction
the public highways of Oregon will be greatly improved, thus substantially promoting
the development and prosperity of the state and rendering its scenic beauties more
easily accessible to tourists, who have hitherto been unable to view the natural wonders
of this "Switzerland of America" to advantage. In addition to his professional work
Mr. Nunn is much interested in agriculture, being the owner of a valuable farm of
one hundred and forty-eight acres in Tillamook county, on which he raises pure
blooded Jersey cattle.

On the 27th of December. 1905, Mr. Nunn was united in marriage to Miss Stella
May Bond, a daughter of Judge W. H. Bond, of Leavenworth, Kansas. Mr. Nunn is
a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and also belongs to all the local
organizations pertaining to engineering. He has mastered the lessons of life day by
day until his postgraduate work in the school of experience has placed him in the
front rank with the most eminent civil engineers of the country. His constant aim
is to perform his duty according to the best of his ability and his labors have proven
a most important element in promoting the development and progress of the various
sections of the United States in which he has operated.

JOHN C. UGLOW.

John C. Uglow, a veteran of the Spanish-American war, is identified with business
interests of Dallas as proprietor of the Majestic Theater and is also an expert violin
maker, a number of noted artists having played his instruments. Mr. Uglow is a
native of Oregon. He was born in Polk county, November 13, 1874, and is a son of
Abel and Margaret (Hunter) Uglow, the former a native of Cornwall, England, and
the latter of Canada. In 1860 the father emigrated to the United Stutes. making the
trip to the Pacific coast by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He first resided in San
Francisco, where he was connected with the milling business, and subsequently removed
to Oregon, constructing a fiour mill at Kings Valley and later becoming the owner of
mills at different points in the state. He was very successful in the conduct of his
milling interests, continuing active along that line for many years, but is now living
retired in Dallas in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. He is eighty-one years of
age and the mother also survives.

Their son, John C. Uglow, was reared and educated in his native county, attend-
ing the first public school in Dallas. Subsequently he became a pupil in an academy
at Dallas, from which he was graduated in 1S91, and then entered upon the study of
law under the preceptorship of J. J. Daly and Oscar Hayter. Later he attended the
Portland Business College, after which he pursued a course in the law school of the
University of Oregon and was admitted to the bar in 1900. In the meantime he had
become active in business circles, becoming the proprietor of a photograph gallery,
which he conducted from 1891 until 1896. It was while he was pursuing his law
studies that war was declared between Spain and America, and filled with the spirit
of patriotism he went to Portland, where he volunteered for service, becoming a member

HISTORY OF OREGON 459

of the Second Oregon Volunteers. He went with the first expedition to the Philippines
and on the expiration of a year's service was honorably discharged at Manila, after
which he returned to Oregon to resume his law course. Going to Washington, he
became connected with the Northwestern Fire Insurance Association of Seattle and
subsequently removed to South Bend, Washington, where for two years he was asso-
ciated with his brother-in-law in the conduct of a store. In 1904 he returned to Dallas
and engaged in the clothing business, which he conducted very successfully for a
period of fifteen years, or until 191S, when he disposed of his mercantile interests and
took over the Majestic Theater, of which he has since been the proprietor, his being
the only enterprise of the kind in the town. He conducts a first-class place of amuse-
ment, offering only the best attractions, and is accorded a large and gratifying patron-
age. He has had broad experience in a business way and energy, enterprise and
ability have constituted the basis of his present-day success.

In February, 1904, Mr. Uglow was united in marriage to Miss Fay Martin and they
became the parents of three children, namely: Margaret, who died in December, 1910,
at the age of six years; Abel C, whose birth occurred in April, 1913; and Rachel E.,
born in May, 1914.

In his political views Mr. Uglow is a republican and he is much interested in
the welfare and progress of his community, serving as a member of the city council.
Fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of Pythias
and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is also a Chapter Mason. He is
widely and favorably known in the locality in which he makes his home, being recog-
nized as a reliable and progressive business man and a patriotic and public-spirited
citizen, loyal to the best interests of the community.

FRED A. WILLIAMS.

Fred A. Williams, an able attorney, who since 1918 has served as public service
commissioner of the state of Oregon, was born in Harrison county, Iowa, Friday, June
13, 1878. He is a son of David and Flora (Armstrong) Williams, natives of Illinois,
the former born in 1852, the latter in 1853. Migrating to Iowa they are now residing
in Neola, near Council Bluffs, that state. They reared a family of nine children, of
whom seven survive, namely: Fred A.; Mrs. F. J. Fick of Jacksonville, Oregon; Dr.
C. D. Williams of Genoa, Nebraska; Mrs. Thomas Edmondson, whose husband is a
cotton planter of Clarksville, Texas; W. W., who is a bond broker of Portland, Oregon;
Mrs. Ralph Twamley, whose husband is a merchant and banker of White Lake, South
Dakota; and Dwight Hagar, who is identified with the civil service department at
Washington, D. C.

After completing his common school education Fred A. Williams entered the Uni-
versity of Iowa, where he pursued the liberal arts course, being graduated in 1899,
and in the following year received his LL. B. degree from that institution and was ad-
mitted to the state and federal courts of that state, following the completion of his
law studies. Prior to entering the university he had been a student at the Woodbine
Normal School in Harrison county, Iowa, from which he was graduated in 1895. Thus
liberally qualified for his professional work he entered upon active practice in Potta-
wattamie county, Iowa, where he remained until March, 1906. when he removed to Med-
ford, Oregon, and there engaged in practice for two years. Going from there to Grants
Pass, Oregon, he associated himself in practice with George W. Colvig, a pioneer settler
of Oregon and prominent in public affairs of the state, serving at one time as railroad
commissioner of Oregon, as senator from Douglas county and also as chairman of the
committee which welcomed Rutherford B. Hayes at Roseburg, the president traveling
by stage from Redding. California. In 1918 Mr. Williams was chosen at the primaries
as candidate on both republican and democratic tickets for public service commissioner,
being elected from the state at large in November, and is now chairman. He is
proving most capable in the discharge of the important duties which devolve upon
him in this connection and is a man of strict integrity, who enjoys in the fullest
degree the confidence and trust of the public. His official record is a most creditable
one, characterized at all times by a public-spirited devotion to the general good.

Mr. Williams is a home-loving man, devoted to the welfare of his children, Bruca
Wade and Barbara Jean, who find in him a kind and indulgent father. While at
college he took an active and prominent part in athletics, serving at different times

460 HISTORY OP OREGON

as captain of both the football and track teams. He is a member of Phi Delta Phi, a
college fraternity, and was during his college course identified with the Irving Institute
Literary Society, which limits its membership to fifty. Mr. Williams' faternal con
nections are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Masons, being a
member of the Knights Templars and the Shrine. He has been a close student ol
the questions and issues of the day as affecting the welfare of community, state and
nation and his aid and influence are always on the side of advancement and improve-
ment. His constant aim is to perform his duty according to the best of his ability
and over the record of his official career there falls no shadow of wrong nor suspicion
of evil. It is a well known fact that he is loyal to every principle which he espouses
and to every cause which he endorses and the sterling worth of his character ia
attested by all who know him.

JOSIAH FAILING.

One cannot but be thrilled by the story of those whose resolution, courage and
purpose carried them into new and unsettled districts, where they must face hard-
ship and privation, but where opportunity is limitless. Such was the record of Josiah
Failing, who in the year 1S51 left the cultivation and opportunities of the Knickerbock-
er state to become one of the founders and builders of the great commonwealth of
Oregon. He was as well the architect and builder of his own fortunes and in both
cases he builded wisely and well. He sought success, but only as a means to an end.
He rejoiced that he could provide liberally for his family and was equally happy in the
opportunity which his prosperity gave him to aid his fellowmen. The life story of
Josiah Failing constitutes a most splendid chapter in the pioneer history of Oregon.
He manifested the same spirit which brought his ancestors more than two centuries
ago from the Palatinate in Germany to the new world. They were of the Protestant
faith, for which they suffered persecution until about the latter part of the seventeenth
or the beginning of the eighteenth century, when they sought freedom of conscience in
England, together with other German refugees of the Protestant faith. Upon the recom-
mendation of her board of trade Queen Anne of England granted the petition of Joshua
Kockenthal and fifty-one of his co-religionists and furnished vessels to transport them to
the American colonies, where they arrived in 1708, landing at New York. They had
been naturalized in England. Most of them settled in the Mohawk valley and subse-
quently acquired from the crown the lands upon which they settled. Others followed
in 1710 to the number of three thousand.

Henry Jacob Failing, usually called Jacob Failing, was a resident of Montgomery
county. New York, where in 1804 he wedded Mary Chapman, who was born In Brad-
ford, Wiltshire, England. The name of Failing figured prominently in connection with
the history of Montgomery county and the Mohawk valley for many years. Henry J.
Failing there followed farming and maintained a trading post. He was a man of
generous and kindly disposition and of progressive spirit. For two generations the
Palatine settlement on the Mohawk in which he lived was almost exclusively German,
the language being taught in the school, while the religious faith was that of the
Lutheran church. Jacob Failing, however, realized that English was to become the
language of the people of this country and he therefore allowed nothing but English
to be spoken in his own household. His wife, too, was of English birth. A contem-
porary writer has said of her: "No description of her is so apt or so suggestive as
that contained in the word, now gone out of use, but which was in vogue during her
time, 'gentlewoman'— stately and dignified, yet sympathetic and affable. Obedience to
her in the household was absolute though never compelled. Compliance with her wishes
on the part of her children was unhesitating and seemed a matter of course. Her influ-
ence over them was such that her discipline was not only never questioned but to her
children it would have seemed an unnatural thing not to obey. She was a woman of
deep religious sentiment, a Baptist in creed and fashioned her life upon the teachings
of Scripture. Her views she impressed deeply upon her children. She was devoted
to them and being of such positive character and possessing culture much beyond her
day and locality, it is not singular that a knowledge of her individuality is well pre-
served among her descendants." Mrs. Failing passed away in her eighty-eighth year,
having retained her physical and mental powers largely unimpaired to the last.

Josiah Failing had many of the admirable traits of his mother as well as of his

JOSIAH FAILING

HISTORY OF OREGON 463

father. He was born in Canajoharie, New York, July 9, 1806, and until fifteen years
of age passed his days in an atmosphere of peace and goodwill to all, direct, straight-
forward behavior, scrupulous sense of moral and religious obligations, labor respected,
independence and self-reliant pride, to which aid is distasteful but which delights in all
that is charitable and for the elevation of man. He pursued his education in the
public schools and was always a reader of good books. When in his sixteenth year he
obtained his mother's consent and went to Albany where he learned the paper-stainer's
trade, an art then consisting of impressing designs upon wall paper by hand with blocks.
He completed his apprenticeship in New York city in 1824 and was there employed until
his marriage. He afterward served for many years as city superintendent of carts.
He put forth every possible effort to provide a good living for his family and to fit
them for the duties and responsibilities of life. He was particularly stanch in his
support of the schools and of the churches, realizing how valuable a factor are these
institutions in the upbuilding of character and the promotion of the world's best ideals.
As early as the '30s he became deeply interested in Oregon and was on the point of
establishing a home in the far west but was deterred from carrying out this idea at
that period. On the 15th of April, 1851, however, in company with his sons, Henry
and John W., he sailed from New York city for the purpose of making a thorough
investigation of Oregon and its possibilities. At that time Portland's population con-
sisted of but three or four hundred people who were living near the river bank and on
beyond the virgin forest, while the stumps of fir trees were still to be seen in the one
or two streets that had already been laid out. Mr. Failing, however, recognized the
strategic position of the city and believed that the future held something good in store
for the little hamlet. It was the purpose of Josiah Failing and his son Henry to en-
gage in merchandising and while waiting for their goods, which did not arrive until
the following October, they erected a store building twenty-two by fifty feet on what
is now the southwest corner of Front and Oak streets. With the establishment of the
business their trade steadily grew and in 1859 they erected a brick building, removing
the original wooden structure to the lot in the rear, where it long stood as a monument
of pioneer times and conditions. While success eventually crowned the efforts of Mr.
Failing and his son they met various disasters in the early days. In 1852 they had
purchased goods which were being transported to Portland on three vessels, the barks
Mendora and J. C. Merithew and the brig Vandalia, which was sunk one night on the
bar in the Columbia river. Undeterred by their severe losses at that time they perse-
vered and their conservative and prudent methods, combined with activity and enter-
prise, led to the gradual growth of their tradei and the development of their success.
They founded their business upon thoroughly substantial and reliable principles, their
patronage gradually increased and in the spring of 1864 Josiah Failing was able to
retire from business with a comfortable competence. His attention thereafter was
largely given to educational and church interests, in which he was most deeply and
helpfully interested. He found the greatest happiness in thus aiding in the educational
and moral progress of the community. In this connection a contemporary writer has
said: "This was, perhaps, the happiest season of his long and active career, for the
dominating idea of his life was to do good. While in business he was attentive to its
requirements, methodical and thorough in the discharge of his duties as a merchant,
but the store did not swallow him up and separate him from the world. There was
never a time when he was not a leader and recognized as the spirit and inspiration of
practical beneficence in Portland. The Baptist church remembers him as one of the
most active builders and liberal contributors to its well-being for a quarter of a cen-
tury. He was devotedly attached to his own denomination, but he entertained a broad
charity for the people who disagreed with him. He was not demonstrative in his
religion. His faith was rather manifested in his acts. His was the first family of
Baptists that came to live in Portland and the church may be said to have grown up
about him as a nucleus. He was active and earnest in securing the site of the Baptist
church on the corner of Alder and Fourth streets, which was originally a gift of the
town proprietors. He was a trustee of the church, which in his case was not a nom-
inal office and he discharged all his duties conscientiously and as a labor of love.
The cry of distress never reachedi his ears unheeded or found him unprepared. The
immigrants of 1852 will never forget his activity in their behalf, when stricken with
disease and threatened with starvation beyond the mountains he worked for their
relief as earnestly and as tenderly as though they had been members of his own family.
His influence was felt everywhere in the young city in shaping its affairs for the better.
It is largely due to his exertions that the first school district in Portland was organized

464 HISTORY OF OREGON

and a tax levied to build a school house. He was ever a firm believer in the cause of
education as a preparation for life's practical and responsible duties, believing that
thorough instruction should be given in the ordinary branches of an English education.
But he did not believe in the expenditure of public moneys in the maintenance of
schools of higher education, which the children of the poor could not attend because of
a necessity that would force them at an earlier age to earn their own livelihood. He
felt therefore that the schools wherein science and the languages were taught were
for the benefit of people who could probably afford to pay for such educational training
for their children."

In early manhood Josiah Failing was united in marriage to Henrietta Legge
Ellison, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Beeck) Ellison, the former a native of York,
England, and the latter of New York city. Their daughter, Mrs. Failing, was born in
Charleston, South Carolina, and soon afterward the father died, while the widow with
her babe returned to her parents' home in New York city. There she was reared and
on the 15th of July, 1S28, became the wife of Josiah Failing. Their married life was
one of the closest and most harmonious companionship. She fully met the duties and
obligations of wife and mother because her interest at all times centered in her home
and at the same time she was neglectful of no duty toward society at large.

Politically Mr. Failing was a whig until the dissolution of the party and later
a republican. He was elected Portland's mayor on the non-partisan ticket in 1853 and
in 1S64 he was a delegate to the republican national convention and later to the con-
vention of his party which nominated Grant for the presidency. It was said of him:
"His political views were a matter first of reason and then of faith." He sought good
government but was not offensive in his partisanship and some of his warmest personal
friends were those practically opposed to him in politics. He was not a man of sharp
angles, however, and never aroused an antagonist needlessly. He would not insist on
a point but would not yield a principle. He was so considerate and gentle that, differ
from him as you might, he never seemed unkind. He had little of what is termed
policy but few men ever had better self control. He found great happiness in aiding
others, giving freely of his means or his advice and wise counsel as the case demanded.
He was a man of dignified carriage, address and demeanor and while cordial, had that
in his nature which prevented familiarity. He was a man of natural rugged intellectual
power, of contemplative habits and inflexible will and at the same time he possessed a
most sympathetic and kindly nature which reached out in helpfulness to all humanity.

W. J. H. CLARK.

W. J. H. Clark is well known in business circles in Portland in connection with
the Northwest Automobile Company, while in fraternal relations he has attained promi-
nence, being now grand chancellor of the Knights of Pythias in Oregon. He was born
in Cornwall, England, May S, 1871, a son of William Henry and Elizabeth Clark. The
father was also born in Cornwall and is living retired there, but the mother passed
away about twelve years ago. Mr. Clark was in the government custom service for
a long period.

W. J. H. Clark acquired his education in the town of his birth and also in St.
Mary's College in England. He came to the United States in 1901 and engaged In
the export trade at New York as representative of a European firm. It was in 1905 that
he arrived in the northwest, taking up his abode at Seattle, Washington, where he
engaged in the automobile business and in 1908 came to Portland, where he became
associated with the Northwest Automobile Company, of which he is the secretary
and treasurer. This company handles the Cole, Reo, Dort and Marmon cars. The
business has been incorporated and the patronage is steadily growing, making the
concern one of the profitable automobile companies of Portland. The Northwest Auto
Company now employs forty-five people and has a pay-roll of from fifteen to twenty
thousand dollars per month. During their last fiscal year they sold motor cars to
the amount of three million dollars.

Mr. Clark is also a prominent figure in fraternal circles. He has attained the
thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in Masonry and is also a member of the Mystic
Shrine. He has just been appointed grand chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, in
which capacity he must visit the various lodges of the state — seventy-nine in number —
his duty being to promote interest among the members of the organization. He is

HISTORY OF OREGON 465

thoroughly in sympathy with the spirit that underlies these fraternities and his labors
are an element in the city growth of the lodge spirit.

In 1909 Mr. Clark was married to Miss Doris Wiedow, a native of Columbus, Ohio,
and they now reside at No. 776 Ivon street, in Portland, having a wide acquaintance
and many friends throughout the city.

WALLACE HAWKE.

Wallace Hawke is a well known resident of Harrisburg, having for the past sixteen
years made his home in this locality, and is now acting as butcher in the meat market
of C. E. Waggener, in which connection his duties are most capably performed. Mr.
Hawke is a native of Ohio, his birth having occurred in Marion county on the 11th of
April, 1S65. He is a son of John A. and Elizabeth A. (Marsh) Hawke, the former of
whom was born in Pennsylvania and the latter in Ohio. The father followed agricul-
tural pursuits in Ohio, Missouri and Texas and in 1883 came to Oregon, purchasing
land in Lane county, which he continued to operate until incapacitated for further
labor in that connection, when he removed to Harrisburg and there lived retired the
remainder of his life. He passed away March 6, 1912, at the age of seventy-five years,
and the mother's demise occurred in May, 1917.

Wallace Hawke attended school in Ohio, Texas and Missouri and in the last named
state he followed agricultural pursuits for two years. He removed to Oregon with his
parents in 1883, being then a young man of eighteen years, and for some time
engaged in operating rented land and also conducted a hop yard. Subsequently he
was for nine years foreman on a ranch and on the expiration of that period he removed
to Harrisburg, where he has resided for sixteen years, having for the past three years
been engaged in cutting meat in the shop of C. E. Waggener.

On the 14th of May, 1894, Mr. Hawke was united in marriage to Miss Linda Alford
and they have become the parents of five children, namely: Nora, the wife of Harry Holt,
a resident of Salem, Oregon; Fred, who is married and resides in Harrisburg; and
Wayne, Verenice and Donald, all yet at home.

In his political views Mr. Hawke is a republican, and his wife is a member of
the Baptist church. Fraternally he is connected with the Artisans, the Rebekahs and
the Odd Fellows, belonging to both the lodge and encampment of the last named organ-
ization. In 1907 he purchased a good home in Harrisburg and is most comfortably
situated in life, his sterling worth of character winning for him the regard and esteem
of all who know him.

JOHN PEARSON.

John Pearson was born in Stockholm, Sweden, May 16, 1867. His family on both
his father's and his mother's side were among the well-to-do land owners of Vermland,
Sweden, some of them also being in public life, and he traces his ancestry back for
several hundred years. In 1871 his father, Magnus Pearson, came to Chicago and in
the fall of 1873 his mother joined the father there. The family found it hard to get
a footing in Chicago and John began to help when quite young by selling newspapers.
In 1877 his father took up a homestead in Wisconsin, where his mother is still living
at the age of eighty-three years.

After the family's removal to Wisconsin John Pearson began working in the pine
woods, that being the principal industry of that district at that time. He began
sawing and felling timber but rapidly advanced to scaling logs, then to keeping time
and the books of logging concerns and to estimating of timber and the necessary
surveying. His chances for schooling were scarce, but while watching a dam in
Wisconsin he secured books in mathematics and other studies and mastered them.
Later he went to Beaver Dam Academy in Wisconsin, and studied bookkeeping and
a general business course.

He explored many tracts of virgin pine land in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin,
blocking out logging operations and upon his judgment large tracts of timber were pur-
chased and logged. As the land became logged his interest turned towards the west

Vol. 11—3 0

466 HISTORY OF OREGON

and in Idaho he picked up and blocked out large tracts of timber which today form
part of the nucleus of the Potlatch Lumber Company.

In 1904 he came to Portland, Oregon, to live. Previously he and his associates
had bought some timber properties in the Kalama Valley, Washington, and he under-
took to finish the blocking out of this unit. He became stockholder and manager of
the Western Timber Company which now owns extensive holdings both in the Kalama
valley and the Nehalem valley, Oregon. He is also interested in the Fir Tree Lumber
Company and several other timber companies. Under his direction the Gales Creek
and Wilson River Railroad, of which he is president, was built into the Gales Creek
valley.

Mr. Pearson was married September 9, 1903, to Frances Newell Sabin. They have
two sons: John Magnus Pearson, born July 9, 1904; and Henry Finch Pearson, born
May 2, 1906.

MATHEW C. GILL.

Mathew C. Gill, now living retired at Scio, is numbered among Oregon's pioneer
settlers, for he established his home within the borders of this state in 1S64 and is
familiar with every phase of its development and upbuilding, to which he has con-
tributed in substantial measure, and his reminiscences of the early days are most inter-
esting. Mr. Gill is a native of Tennessee, his birth having occurred on the 23rd of
January, 1S42. He is a son of Samuel and Hilly (Ussery) Gill, the former born in
Tennessee and the latter in Georgia. The father was a farmer by occupation and in
1856 he removed to the west, purchasing land in Appanoose county, Iowa, which he im-
proved and developed. At the end of three years he sold that property and went to
Kansas, where he also bought land, upon which he resided a number of years, adding
many improvements to his place and converting it into a valuable and productive farm.
He subsequently removed to the southern part of the state and there resided during the
remainder of his life, passing away about 1882, while the mother's demise had occurred
in 1877.

Their son, Mathew C. Gill, was reared and educated in Tennessee, remaining with
his parents until he attained his majority. In 1864 he started for the west, crossing
the plains to Oregon with ox teams, and was sis months in making the trip. Locating
in Linn county, he opened a blacksmith shop in Scio, having learned the trade prior
to his removal to the west. He continued to conduct his shop for about twenty-five
years with good success and then turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, estab-
lishing a hardware business with his son as a partner. This he operated for a number
of years and then purchased a general store, with the conduct of which he was actively
Identified until 1909, when he sold his interest to his son and retired from active busi-
ness pursuits. He has led a busy, active and useful life and his present success is
the direct result of his diligence, determination and excellent business ability.

In September, 1S67, Mr. Gill was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Elizabeth
Howe, who was born in Marion county, Oregon, February 12, 1848, a daughter of
William B. and Sally (Claypool) Howe, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter
of Indiana. The father crossed the plains to Oregon with ox teams in 1843 and the
mother arrived in this state in 1846. He settled six miles from Salem, in Marion
county, taking up government land, which he cleared and developed, converting it into
a valuable property, which later became known as Howe Prairie. On this farm he
resided for many years and then went to California, where he spent several years,
but at length returned to Oregon, taking up his abode in Scio, having during the earlier
years of his residence in the state taken up a government claim near the town. He
continued to make his home in Scio until his demise, which occurred in December,
1883, and the mother passed away in May, 1S89. They were numbered among the
honored pioneer settlers of the state and were highly respected residents of their com-
munity. To Mr. and Mrs. Gill were born ten children, namely: W. Franklin, who is
a prominent and successful merchant of Scio; Lillian, who is the wife of Ross C. Hibler
of Seattle. Washington; R. W., a resident of Portland, Oregon; Roy R. of Spokane,
Washington; Anna Grace, married J. C. Edwards and resides at Pine, Idaho; J. G. of
Lebanon, Oregon; Frances I., the wife of F. M. Arnold, president of the State Bank
at Sheridan, Oregon; Archie L.. who died in 1892 at the age of sixteen years; and Mary
E. and Mark, both of whom died in infancy.

HISTORY OF OREGON 467

Mr. Gill gives his political allegiance to the republican party and he has taken
an active and prominent part in the public affairs of his community, serving as a
member of the town council and as mayor, in which connections he rendered valuable
service to his city, standing at all times for advancement and improvement. His fra-
ternal connections are with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and
his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Christian church, in which
he is serving as one of the elders. Fifty-six years have come and gone since Mr. Gill
arrived in Linn county and throughout the intervening period he has witnessed the
entire growth of this section of the state and has aided in laying broad and deep the
foundation upon which has been built the present progress and prosperity of the com-
monwealth. His has been an active life, filled with honorable purpose and accom-
plishment, and his sterling worth is attested by all who know him.

J. B. V. BUTLER.

J. B. V. Butler, prominently identified with educational interests of the state as
vice president of the Oregon State Normal School at Monmouth, is also well known
in financial circles as vice president of the First National Bank of Monmouth. His
life has been passed in this state, for he was born in Monmouth in July. 1862, and
is a son of J. B. V. and Elizabeth (Ingalls) Butler, the former a native of New Hamp-
shire and the latter of Ohio. The father became a resident of Illinois and in 1849
started across the plains for Oregon with ox teams but performed the greater part
of the journey on foot. He was accompanied by his wife and three children and the
family settled at Portland, where he followed his trade of brick mason, later engaging
in general merchandising for several years in that city. Subsequently he removed to
Polk county, opening a store at Eola and continuing to operate his establishment in
Portland. He conducted both enterprises for a considerable period and also made
extensive investments in wheat, which he stored in warehouses at various places in the
state, but lost heavily in the floods of 1862. Soon after the founding of Monmouth
he took up his abode in the town and it was at this time that Christian College was
made the State Normal School, the institution having been established in 1872. He
engaged in general merchandising at Monmouth, in addition to dealing in wheat and
pork, and was active along those lines for several years, or until his retirement from
business life. He was very successful in the conduct of his business interests and his
energy, industry and capable management secured for him a substantial competence.
He became prominent in political circles of his community and filled several town
offices most creditably. He passed away in September, 1879, at the age of seventy, and
his wife passed away when she had reached the age of sixty-five.

Their son, J. B. V. Butler, attended the public schools of Monmouth and also
pursued a course of study in Christian College, from which he was graduated with
the class of 1884, while two years later, or in 1886, he was graduated from the State
Normal School. Subsequently he filled clerical positions with various mercantile firms
and also was for a time active in the cultivation of a farm. He then took up the work
of teaching, which he found most congenial, and has since followed this profession.
He first engaged in teaching in the public schools of Monmouth, in which he was very
successful, imparting clearly and readily to his pupils the knowledge he had acquired
and inspiring them with much of his own interest and enthusiasm in the work. His
pronounced ability as an educator soon won recognition and his work along this line
has been most important and valuable, for he is at all times actuated by a spirit of
progress that takes cognizance of improved educational methods and is ever ready
to transform ideas into realities when convinced of their worth. He was for several
years secretary of the board of regents of the State Normal School and it was largely
through his efforts and those of Mr. Powell and Mr. Hawley that Christian College
■was secured as a state normal school, at which time he became vice president of the
institution and is now serving in that important office. His liberal educational train-
ing has well qualified him for the discharge of his duties in this connection and through
broad reading and study he keeps in touch with the advancement which is constantly
being made in educational work throughout the country. Mr. Butler is also occupying
a prominent position in financial circles as vice president of the First National Bank
of Monmouth, of which he was one of the organizers. For one and a half years he
served as its president and is now vice president and chairman of the board of direc-

468 HISTORY OF OREGON

tors. He also has made investment in farm lands in Polk county, being the owner
of two hundred and fifty acres of valuable and productive land.

On the 31st of March, 18S6, Mr. Butler was united in marriage to Miss Frances
Harris and they have become the parents of four children, namely: Willis D., a
successful physician practicing at Elgin, Oregon; Cletus R., who follows farming in
Polk county; Edna, who died at the ;ige of six months; and J. B. V., Jr., who is con-
nected with the First National Bank at Monmouth.

In his political views Mr. Butler is a democrat and fraternally is identified with
the Masonic order, belonging to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland.
He is one of the leading educators of the state, holding to high standards in his
professional work, and he also figures conspicuously in financial circles of Polk county,
being recognized as a sagacious, farsighted business man of known reliability and
integrity. His activities have been of a varied nature and as a cooperant factor in
many projects for the public good he has contributed in no small degree to the up-
building and improvement of this district. He is interested in all those things which
are of cultural value and which tend to uplift the individual, thus bringing a higher
moral plane to thb community, and association with Mr. Butler means expansion and
elevation.

JAMES CROCKETT JOHNSON.

James Crockett Johnson, a prosperous and prominent farmer and stock raiser of
Wasco county, was born in Salem, Oregon, in 1869, and is descended on both sides of the
house from old New England families. His father, Joel C. Johnson, was born on
Mt. Desert Island, Maine, where for years his people had been engaged in the ship-
building industry. His mother, who was Ellen S. Crockett before her marriage, was
born in the same section and was a member of a family identified with the shipping
interests of the North Atlantic for several years.

Joel C. Johnson first came to Oregon in 1857 and settled in Portland, where many
sons of Maine had located before him, the city being named for Portland, Maine. In
1858 he journeyed across the country and located at Boise, Idaho, where he embarked
in the mercantile business, that town at the time being one of the outfitting stations
for travelers to the west. Ten years later, in 1868, he sold his business and started
for Maine. His journey from Boise, Idaho, to Cheyenne, Wyoming, where the railroad
from the east terminated, was a ten-day trip by stage and a dangerous one as hostile
Indians infested the entire route, and each passenger was fully armed, his rifle being
ready for instant use. Arriving at his home town, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss
Ellen S. Crockett, and the young couple started at once for the west by way of the
Isthmus. On arriving in Oregon they took up their residence in Salem, where for
the next seven years Mr. Johnson followed his trade of cabinet-maker. In 1875 the
family moved to Wasco county, and here Mr. Johnson took up farming and stock rais-
ing, seventeen miles southeast of The Dalles. To him belongs the credit of being the
pioneer of wheat growing on the hills of Wasco county, his experiment having given
to the state the knowledge that wheat could be grown there. He prospered in his
farming operations, was a popular man in the community, and his death was re-
gretted on all sides.

James C. Johnson has followed in his father's footsteps and has devoted his life
to farming and stock raising. He was educated in the district schools of Wasco
county and worked on the home place until he was twenty-seven years of age, when
he purchased land adjoining the home ranch and started farming operations on his
own account. After about twenty-four years of scientific stock raising, Mr. Johnson
has risen to the front rank of Oregon farmers and now owns fifteen hundred acres of
choice land, eight hundred acres of which is in wheat and which averages a yield
of thirty bushels to the acre. He has a large number of horses, headed by registered
Clydesdales; a herd of Hereford cattle; a flock of Oxford Down sheep; and a nice
lot of Duroc-Jersey hogs. Mr. Johnson believes in having nothing but pure-bred
registered sires for all of his animals and advocates this course at all times. An-
other factor which has contributed to his success is the fact that he works but half his
land each year, allowing the other half to fallow. His practical knowledge of stock
raising and farming has been mainly responsible for netting him a handsome fortune.

While a member of the republican party and active in its councils, Mr. Johnson

JAMES C. JOHNSON

HISTORY OF OREGON 471

has never been an office holder, save in such positions as were of benefit to his section,
such as justice of the peace, clerk of the school board, school director, etc. He is promi-
nent in farmers' associations, being president of the Farmers' Educational and Cooper-
ative Union of Wasco county, a branch of the National Union. He is president of The
Dalles Elevator Company and a director of the Chamber of Commerce. Fraternally he
is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the United Artisans, and the
Modern Woodmen of America.

In 1897 Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Belle Allen, a daughter of J. W. and
Kate Allen, her father also being a farmer of Wasco county. They are the parents
of two sons, Ralph Quintan, a graduate of The Dalles high school and now a student
of the University of Oregon, who is a lieutenant of the officers' reserve corps; and
Dean Vivian, now in The Dalles high school, who is developing a tendency for the
lite of a farmer and stock raiser, working from a scientific standpoint in the pursuit
of his agricultural operations. Mr. Johnson has just erected on the residential hills
of The Dalles, one of the handsome and substantial homes in the city. In all matters
touching on the civic welfare he has ever been ready to lend a helping hand, and he
is justly esteemed as a good citizen and a good neighbor.

GEORGE E. RIGGS, M. D.

Dr. George E. Riggs, engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Albany,
was born at Goldendale, Klickitat county, Washington, February 13, 1885, a son of
James and Keziah (White) Riggs, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of
Kentucky. The father was an honored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member
of the Fourteenth Missouri Cavalry, with which he served for three years, and for one
year and four months was a member of the Thirteenth Missouri Light Artillery, being
discharged at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He was a wheelwright by trade and in
1869 he crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in Brownsville, Linn county, where he
resided until 1876, when he joined a party consisting of about forty families, who
removed to Klickitat county, Washington. There he took up a donation land claim
and later acquired more land, his holdings at length aggregating six hundred and forty
acres. Through tireless effort and unabating energy he succeeded in bringing his land
to a high state of development and was active in the conduct of his farm until 1896,
when he retired and has since made his home with his sons, who are engaged exten-
sively in farming and stock raising in Adams county, Idaho, operating over eight hun-
dred acres of land. Mr. Riggs has now reached the age of seventy-seven years and his
wife is seventy-six and both are held in high esteem by all who know them.

George E. Riggs attended public schools in eastern Oregon and was also a pupil
in a private school at Weiser, Idaho. In 1907 he entered the medical school of the
State University of Oregon and was graduated therefrom with the class of 1911, at
which time the M. D. degree was conferred upon him, his proficiency in his studies
securing for him the interneship at the Multnomah County Hospital in Portland, while
during his junior and senior years he acted as assistant police sergeant under Dr. F.
J. Zeigler. In 1913 he opened an office in Albany, where he has remained, but previous
to this had taken over the practice of a physician in eastern Oregon, being thus engaged
for four months.

During the World war he was appointed a member of the medical advisory board
tor Lincoln, Benton and Linn counties. He desired to enlist in the army but was at
first rejected, owing to physical disability, but having determined to secure his ad-
mission into the service he underwent an operation by Dr. Coffey of Portland and
in 191S successfully passed the examination at Vancouver, Washington, and was ac-
cepted. He reported for service at the Medical Officers' Training Camp at Fort Riley
on the 1st of September, 1918, but did not get overseas, arriving at Hoboken on the
day the armistice was signed. For one month he was in charge of field hospital work,
training Company C at Fort Riley, and was discharged December 10, 1918, as first
lieutenant of the Medical Corps. Returning to Albany, he has here continued in
practice, his high professional attainments securing for him a large patronage. He
has studied broadly, thinks deeply, and his efforts have been of the greatest value to
his patients, for he is seldom, if ever, at fault in the diagnosis of a case and his sound
judgment and careful study enable him to do excellent professional work.

On the 1st of October, 1912, Dr. Riggs was united in marriage to Miss Lenora E.

472 HISTORY OF OREGON

Doty, a daughter of Benjamin F. and Emma L. (Rulison) Doty, and a native of Aber-
deen, Washington. Her birth occurred October 11, 18S6, and she and her sister were
the first pair of twins born in Aberdeen. Her father is a building contractor and has
been engaged in that business in California for the past four years, but maintains
his residence at No. 189 North Seventeenth street, Portland, Oregon. Dr. and Mrs.
Riggs have become the parents of a son, Gordon Milln, who was born December 6,
1919.

In his political views the Doctor is a republican and for two and a half years he
served as health officer of Albany, while since 1916 he has served as health inspection
officer of the city schools. His professional connections are with the Oregon State and
Central Willamette Medical Societies and the American Medical Association, and fra-
ternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Knights
of Pythias, the Woodmen of the World and the Modern Woodmen of America, while
in religious faith he is a Presbyterian. He owns a good residence at No. 226 West
Fifth street. In Albany, and maintains his office in the Cusick Bank building. He
is patriotic, public-spirited and enterprising, ever ready to assist in the upbuilding of
his town, and his course has ever been directed along lines which command the respect
and confidence of his fellowmen and of his colleagues and contemporaries in the
profession.

WILLIAM J. PIEPENBRINK.

William J. Piepenbrink is a member of the firm of Whitfield, Whitcomb & Com-
pany, Certified Public Accountants. The business is carried on under a partnership
arrangement between William Whitfield, Walter D. Whitcomb and William J. Piepen-
brink and their clients are numbered throughout the Pacific coast country, as indi-
cated by the fact that they maintain offices in four cities of the northwest and agencies
in three others of the large cities of the Pacific coast.

William J. Piepenbrink was born in South Bend, Indiana, in 18S4, and is a son of
W. J. F. and Julia (Knothe) Piepenbrink. Both parents are natives of Fort Wayne,
Indiana. The father is a manufacturing chemist and has specialized in making veter-
inary medicine. He has spent much time on the road in connection with the development
of the business and has also been well known as an office holder. He served under
President Cleveland as collector of internal revenue for the Indiana district and
refused the position of postmaster at South Bend. He has frequently been a delegate
to political conventions and has exerted not a little influence in that connection.

William J. Piepenbrink pursued his education in a high school at South Bend,
Indiana, and when a boy of fourteen years initiated his business career by accepting
the position of office boy with the Oliver Chilled Plow Works. He served five years
with that corporation and won steady promotion, becoming chief accountant by the
time he had attained the age of nineteen. His poor health forced him to give up
his position and he went to Grand Rapids, Michigan, where he was with the Ameri-
can Express Company for three years. He next removed to Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
and occupied a clerical position with the Fidelity Trust Company, serving as chief
clerk and assistant trust officer. In 1911 he established an office of his own as a
public accountant and continued the business there for two years.

Mr. Piepenbrink left the middle west in May, 1913, and came to Portland where
he has since made his home. Before reaching the northwest he had secured by means
of telegraphic communication a position with the firm of Whitfield. Whitcomb &
Company whom he represented as efficiency man until the spring of 1917. Both Mr.
Whitfield and Mr. Whitcomb entered the war in the spring of 1917 and Mr. Piepen-
brink took over the business which he conducted until the time of their return
after which a partnership relation was formed on the 1st of September, 1919. The
business is carried on under the name of Whitfield, Whitcomb & Company. This
is one of the leading firms of certified public accountants in the west and something
of the volume of their business and extent of their clientele is indicated In the fact
that they maintain offices in Portland, Astoria, Seattle and Spokane and have agencies
In Salt Lake, San Francisco and Los Angeles.

Mr. Piepenbrink belongs to the Oregon State Society of Certified Public Accountants,
of which he is serving as a director and he is also a member of the Washington Society
of Certified Public Accountants and the National Association of Cost Accountants.

HISTORY OF OREGON 473

On the 17th of June, 1911, Mr. Piepenbrink was united in marriage to Miss
Elizabeth Briggs, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Fraternally Mr. Piepenbrink is a Knights
Templar M-^son. He belongs to the Royal Rosarians, to the Old Colony Club and to
the Ad Club, of which he was secretary and treasurer in 1920-21. He is also a meml)er
of a Trails Club, of which he was treasurer for three years and he belongs to the
Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club, the Kiwanis Club, the City Club, the Civic League and
the Chamber of Commerce. His membership relations also connect him with the
American Rose Society, with the Young Men's Christian Association and with the
First Presbyterian church, while in politics his position is that of an independent
republican. His activities and his interests are varied and all make for progress and
improvement, his entire life being actuated by a spirit of advancement that has
resulted in the upbuilding of his own fortunes and in the promotion of public welfare
along many lines.

ROBERT BRUCE MILLER, M. D.

Dr. Robert Bruce Miller, engTged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Leb-
anon, where his professional ability has gained him wide recognition, was bom in
Cass county, Iowa, December 14, 1885, a son of Josiah E. and Jennie (Saunders)
Miller, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New York. The father
followed farming in his native state and at an early period in the settlement of the
west he went to Iowa, locating in Cass county, where he purchased land. This he
improved and developed, continuing its operation until 1901, when he came to Oregon,
purchasing a tract of six hundred acres in Yamhill county, which in the course of
time, through unremitting effort and carefully directed labor, he converted into a
valuable property. In 1910, however, he gave up the active work of the farm and
removed to Amity, Oregon, where he now lives retired in the enjoyment of a well
earned rest after many years of toil. The mother also survives.

Robert Bruce Miller pursued his early education in the schools of Amity, Oregon,
and later was for two years a student in the Oregon Agricultural College. He then
•worked in a hardware store for two years and in 1910 took up the study of medicine
at Portland in the medical school of the State University of Oregon, from which
he was graduated in 1914 with the M. D. degree. Thus well qualified for the work
of his choice he located for practice at Lebanon, where he has continued, a liberal
patronage now being accorded him. He has ever kept thoroughly informed concern-
ing the latest researches and discoveries of the profession and employs the most
scientific methods in the care of the sick. He has a very high sense of professional
honor and at all times conforms his practice to the most advanced standards. In
addition to his duties as a physician the Doctor is a stockholder in the Super Shingle
Company of Lebanon.

In March, 1916, Dr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Madigan
and they have a large circle of friends in their community. Dr. Miller's fraternal
connections are with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he
also has membership relations with the American Medical Association and the Oregon
State and Central Willamette Medical Societies and of the last named is now serving
as president, which indicates his high standing in professional circles of the state.
His political allegiance is given to the republican party, and in religious faith he is
a Presbyterian, while his wife is a member of the Catholic church. His life
is actuated by high and honorable principles and his course has ever been directed
along lines which command the respect and confidence of his fellowmen and his
colleagues and contemporaries in the profession.

C. H. GRAM.

C. H. Gram, whose long connection with labor interests well qualifies him for the
duties of his present position as state commissioner of labor, was born in Schleswig,
Denmark, January 24, 1868. His father and grandfather fought against Germany in
the wars of 1844 and 1864, which culminated in the ceding of Schleswig to Germany.
The Gram family has sincerely rejoiced in the overthrow of German autocracy.

474 HISTORY OP OREGON

C. H. Gram pursued his education in the schools of his native land and when
seventeen years of age emigrated to the United States, going to Clay county, South
Dakota, where he entered the employ of his uncle, C. N. Johnson, with whom he re-
mained for two years and four months. He then went to San Diego, California, where
he spent a year, proceeding from that city to Watsonville, California, and here he spent
two years. His next removal took him to Vancouver, Washington, and from there he
went to Dundee, Oregon, finally taking up his residence in Portland, which city he
has since made his home. In 1900 he became identified with the labor movement in
Portland and in 1903 was elected president of the State Federation of Labor, to which
position he was reelected five times, serving in all for a period of six years. His ex-
cellent service in that connection led to his appointment as deputy labor commissioner
in 1907, in which capacity he served for ten years, and in 1918 he was elected to his
present position as labor commissioner, an oflice which he is most capably filling. It
was chiefiy due to his labors that the passage of the factory inspection law was se-
cured in 1907 and his efforts in behalf of the cause which he represents have been
far-reaching and beneficial in their effects. He has devoted much thought and study
to the labor question and thoroughly understands the work in which he is engaged,
working untiringly to promote labor interests in this state.

In 1S93 Mr. Gram was united in marriage to Miss Sophie Battig, a native of Can-
ton Luzern. Switzerland, and they have become the parents of two children: Hester.
Marie and John P. The latter, although but seventeen years of age, entered the World
war as a private in Company G, of the Twenty-third Regiment, Fifth Division, and
while serving at the front was gassed. The daughter is now engaged in teaching
school at The Dalles.

In his political views Mr. Gram is a republican, and fraternally he is identified
with the Masons, the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of the Maccabees, the
Artisans and the Moose. He is a deep thinker on all vital problems, and while always
ready to listen to argument, he forms his ideas upon the basis of broad information
and clear reasoning. His influence is always on the side of reform and progress, ad-
vancement and improvement, and he is everywhere spoken of as a citizen of worth,
possessing many sterling traits of character which have won for him the high regard
of all who know him.

EDWARD ELMER KIDDLE.

Hon. Edward Elmer Kiddle has left the impress of his individuality upon the his-
tory of Oregon, and though death called him on the 28th of December, 1920, his good
work lives in much that he accomplished, for he made for himself a creditable position
in business circles as a member of the state senate and as state highway commissioner.
The ideals of his life were high and his activities at all times supported and conformed
to these ideals.

Mr. Kiddle was born in Warren, Illinois, July 15, 1862, his parents being Frederick
and Mary (Noyes) Kiddle, the former a native of Lancashire, England, while the latter
was born in Devonshire, England. They came to America in young manhood and young
womanhood and were married in Nora, Wisconsin, whence they removed to Warren,
Illinois, and subsequently became residents of Carthage, Missouri. Finally they estab-
lished their home in Paola, Kansas, where the mother passed away when her son,
Edward Elmer, was quite young. He was taken into the home of an uncle at Hamilton,
Missouri, and while there spending his youthful days acquired a common school educa-
tion. After reaching adult age Mr. Kiddle was married to Miss Emma Lillian Walling,
a daughter of Myron and Maria (Onderdonk) Walling of Hamilton, Missouri. The mar-
riage was celebrated in 1884 and in 1886 they came to Oregon, settling at Union, for
the call of the west was an irresistible one to Mr. Kiddle, who believed that he might
have better opportunities in this section of the country and through the intervening
years to the time of his death he never regretted his decision to cast in his lot with
the settlers of the Pacific coast country. He took up his abode at Union, where he
obtained employment in a flour mill and from that time until his demise he was promi-
nently connected with the milling business in this section of the state. Eventually
he removed to Island City, a suburb of La Grande, and there built a mill which was
later destroyed by fire, but with characteristic energy he rebuilt it and once more saw
his plant swept by the flame. Eventually he built the splendid cement mill, which is

EDWARD E. KIDDLE

HISTORY OF OREGON 477

the largest and most complete structure in Oregon, east of Portland. He became asso-
ciated in the milling business with W. G. Hunter and Charles Goodnough, under the
firm style of the Pioneer Flouring Mill Company and remained the active head of the
business until about a year prior to his demise. His ancestors in both the paternal
and maternal lines for several generations were millers and thus Mr. Kiddle was "to
the manner born." He thoroughly acquainted himself with every phase of the business
and so wisely directed his efforts that success in substantial me-jsure came to him.
He was also interested in the live stock business to a greater or less extent throughout
the period of his residence in Oregon and his business affairs were at all times charac-
terized by sound judgment, keen enterprise and unfaltering diligence, so that the
results which accrued from his labors were of a most substantial and gratifying
character.

Mr. Kiddle was a man most devoted to his family and their welfare. To him and
his wife were born seven children, of whom Frank and Earl died in intincy, while Greta
passed away at the age of ten years. The surviving sons and daughters are: Merton
W. and Fred E.; Mrs. Robert Eakin of La Grande; and Leta. Mr. Kiddle found his
greatest happiness in ministering to the welfare of his wife and children and counted
no personal effort or sacrifice on his part too great if it would enhance their happiness.
He was a trustee of the Community church of Island City and contributed much to its
financial support and to its moral progress. For twenty years he was a school director
of the little town in which he lived and was regarded as its most prominent citizen.
Everywhere people who knew him speak kindly of him and attest his sterling worth
in every relation of life. He served as mayor of Island City for seven or eight years
and when the call came for his service in broader connections he was found willing
to perform any duty where needed. He was prominent as a war worker and supported
all activities for the benefit of the federal government and the interests of the soldiers
in camp and field. On some occasions he wrote his personal check tor Union county's
quota, thus placing the county in one or two instances the first in the United States
to make up her portion of the war drives. He served as a member of the state senate
of Oregon in 1913 and again in 1915 and gave the most thoughtful and earnest consid-
eration to all the vital questions that came up for settlement. He was always a loyal
and stanch supporter of the good roads movement and was appointed state highway com-
missioner by the governor to fill out an unexpired term. The chief executive of the
state frequently expressed keen satisfaction over the appointment, for Mr. Kiddle gave
his time and efforts without compensation, looking after details in road building with
the same care that he used when conducting his own business. Only a few days prior
to his death he returned from Washington, D. C, where he had been in conference with
highway commissioners of the different states of the Union, appearing before congress
in behalf of the highway program of the nation. He was one of the most prominent
Masons of the state, having been initiated into the order in Nortonville, Kansas, in 1886.
After removing to the northwest he demitted to Grand Ronde Valley Lodge, No. 56,
A. P. & A. M., of which he became worshipful master in 1891 and again in 1895. Later
he joined La Grande Lodge, No. 41. and was made its worshipful master in 1899. He
was elected then grand master of state in 190S; grand high priest, R. A. M., in 1909;
grand eminent commander, K. T., in 1917; worthy patron of Hope Chapter, No. 13,
O. E. S., in 1914; and worth grand patron, of the Grand Chapter of Oregon, in 1919.
There are few, if any, in Oregon upon whom so many Masonic honors have been be-
stowed as upon Mr. Kiddle and when he passed away the Masonic service was in charge
of the Grand Lodge of Oregon and the Grand Chapter of the Eastern Stir of the state.
When he passed on an editorial in the La Grande Observer said, "It requires very few
words to tell of a man's death; it only requires a moment to repeat the sad news of
the passing of a neighbor and friend. But it would require volumes of printed matter
to tell correctly the story of Edward E. Kiddle's usefulness in this world, to depict his
many virtues, to portray his steadfastness, his loyalty to friend and to principle.
Edward Kiddle loved the little town of Island City with the same affection that Colonel
Roosevelt loved Oyster Bay. Since his first year's residence there he has been a school
director of the district, was mayor of the town for many years, and, in everything that
benefited the village, Mr. Kiddle was foremost with his energy and substance. In a
public way he served Union and Wallowa counties as state senator in an able manner,
and was appointed state highway commissioner for the state of Oregon over a year ago.
This position has taken all of his time of late and his milling and grain business has
been conducted by other members of the firm. As highway commissioner he has followed
his early Iowa principle of work, and conscientiously has discharged his duties to the

478 HISTORY OF OREGON

state. It is indeed hard to give up a man of Edward Kiddle's qualifications." Such in
brief is the history of a man whose record was at all times of credit and honor to the
state of his nativity and of his adoption.

ROBERT E. WALKER.

Robert E. Walker, a well known capitalist residing at Cottage Grove, is a native
of this section of the state, his birth having occurred near Cottage Grove on the 1st
of January, 1862. He is a son of John F. and Mary J. (Chrisman) Walker, the former
born in Bedford county, Virginia, on the 11th of January, 1S27, while the latter was
born February 16, 1S39, in Andrew county, Missouri, and came with her parents to
Oregon in 1S52. The father crossed the plains to California in 1S50 and in 1S52 came
to Oregon, taking up a donation claim in Lane county, on which property his son, Robert
E., was born. For some time John F. Walker devoted his energies to the improvement
and cultivation of that farm and increased his holdings and purchased land at Walker
station, which was named in his honor. This was in 1872. He continued to operate
that place throughout his remaining days, converting it into a valuable property. He
passed away in December, 1915, while the mother's death occurred April 10, 1910,
and both were highly esteemed and respected in the community where they made
their home.

Their son, Robert E. Walker, was reared and educated in Lane county and subse-
quently attended the Oregon State University, although during that period he was
obliged to discontinue his studies for four years, owing to ill health. He remained
under the parental roof until he attained his majority, at which time his mother gave
him three hundred and thirty-six acres of land, which he improved, and later he
secured two hundred and twenty-eight acres adjoining, his holdings thus comprising
five hundred and sixty-four acres. This property he carefully and systematically im-
proved and developed, bringing the land under a high state of cultivation through
the employment of the most progressive methods of agriculture. He was thus actively
engaged for a period of twenty-seven years, or until 1910, when he moved to Cottage
Grove and erected a comfortable and commodious residence, which has since been the
family home. He also has other town property and is likewise the owner of farm and
stock holdings, which he leases out on shares, deriving therefrom a very gratifying
annual income, and he is now numbered among the prominent capitalists of his sec-
tion of the state.

On the 26th of April, 1884, Mr. Walker was united in marriage to Miss Minnie
Durant, who passed away October 2, 1889. On the 11th of October, 1892, he was again
married, his second union being with Kate Smith.

Mr. Walker gives his political allegiance to the republican party and has taken
a prominent part in the public affairs of his community, serving for eight years as
a member of the town council, while in 1919 he was appointed by that body to fill
a vacancy in the office of mayor and is now serving in that capacity, giving to the
city a most businesslike and progressive administration, characterized by many needed
reforms and improvements. He is possessed of keen business discernment and sound
judgment and as a business man his course has been marked by steady advancement.
It is well known that he is loyal to every principle which he espouses and to every
cause which he endorses and his sterling worth is attested by all who know him.

HARRISON RITTENHOUSE KINCAID.

The west has produced some of the nation's most virile citizens. Few men of
Oregon have been so widely known and highly honored as Harrison Rittenhouse
Kincaid, who for sixty-seven years made his home within the borders of the state, and
as a journalist exerted a most marked influence upon the development of the com-
monwealth, aiding in shaping its policy and directing its destiny from an early period.
From the driver's seat of an old wagon, directing the course of a team of oxen, he
first viewed Oregon, having thus journeyed across the plains with his parents when a
youth of seventeen years. For an extended period in his later life he was connected
with journalism as the editor and owner of the Oregon State Journal and at various

HISTORY OF OREGON 479

periods was called upon to fill public office, at one time filling the position of secre-
tary of state.

Mr. Kincaid was born at Fall Creek, Indiana, January 3, 1836, and came of Scotch-
Irish ancestry in the paternal line. His father was a native of Virginia but removed
to Indiana in 1817, the year of the admission of that state into the Union. It was
still a frontier district and in the midst of the forest he hewed out a farm and engaged
in the development of the fields for many years. His son, Harrison R. Kincaid, was
reared on the old homestead there and pursued his early education in the country
schools, dividing his time between attendance at school and the work of the fields.
In 1853 the family severed the ties that bound them to their Indiana home and
started by ox teams across the country to the Willamette valley of Oregon. The diffi-
culties and hardships of the trip were many. They had to carry provisions for the
entire way, as there was not a settlement between the Missouri and Oregon City.
By slow stages the oxen plodded on over the long stretches of hot sand and across
the mountain ranges, H. R. Kincaid driving one of the teams the entire distance.
The family settled in Eugene and from that time until his demise Mr. Kincaid made
that city his home. He was employed in the mines of southern Oregon in 1S55, but
the hostility of the Indians caused a discontinuance of operations there and he then
walked the entire distance to Crescent City, California, where he cut timber and
made rails. Pioneer conditions necessitate much hard labor, but Mr. Kincaid did
not falter in his efforts to gain a start in the business world. He worked for a time
in the mines and on ranches in the Sierra Nevada mountains and also in the Sac-
ramento valley and following his return to Eugene in 1858 again gave his attention
to farm labor for a time.

Prompted by a laudable ambition Mr. Kincaid then entered Columbia College
and during the two years of his student life there he was a classmate of Joaquin
Miller, Judge J. F. Watson, W. H. Byars, later surveyor general, and others who became
leaders in the political and public life of the state. His initial step in the direction
of the profession to which he devoted the greater part of his life was made when he
entered the office of the People's Press in Eugene, then the leading republican paper
of the state. He learned to set type and wrote nearly all of the editorials during the
Lincoln and Hamlin campaign and also canvassed the country in support of the re-
publican candidates. Prom that time forward his progress as a newspaper man was
continuous. In 1862 he was on the editorial staff of the State Republican and later was
thus connected with the Union Crusader. He had gained a wide reputation as an edi-
torial writer even before he issued the first number of the Oregon State Journal, which
came from the press on the 12th of March, 1864. A contemporary writer said of him
while he was still an active factor in the world's work, in relation to the Journal:
"The course pursued by Mr. Kincaid in the conduct of his paper has been one of
candor, independence, and consistency. Questions have been considered upon their
merits alone, and all personalities and attacks upon the motives and private characters
of individuals have been discountenanced." He made the Journal a potent influence
for progress in the state along the lines of material, intellectual, social, political and
moral progress, and as a private citizen and as an official as well as in his editorial
capacity did he seek to promote the public good.

Mr. Kincaid filled various public offices. He was for four years county judge of
Lane county and in 1868 became clerk of the United States senate, filling the position
for eleven years and at the same time writing a weekly letter and most of the edi-
torials for his paper, besides acting as Washington correspondent for the Oregonian,
the Portland Bulletin and other papers of the state. He advocated the remonetization
of silver in vigorous editorials in 1S77, when no other paper in Oregon was the cham-
pion of the cause, and he continued to support the measure throughout his remaining
days. He was one of Oregon's six delegates to the republican national convention
in Chicago in 1868, when Grant was nominated for his first term, and he was also
a delegate from Oregon to the national convention in Philadelphia in 1872, when
President Grant was renominated. In 1870 Mr. Kincaid was made the candidate
of the republican party for state printer of Oregon and received the largest vote of
any man on the ticket, being defeated by his democratic opponent by only four hun-
dred and ninety-three votes. He afterward received the unanimous support of the
one hundred and sixty-three delegates in the Lane county republican convention for
secretary of state of Oregon, and at the state convention, which met in Portland
in April, 1894, he was also the choice of a majority of the delegates and at the
succeeding election was chosen for the office, which carried with it the duties of state

480 HISTORY OF OREGON

auditor, state insurance commissioner and member of all the state boards. He en-
tered upon the duties of the position January 14, 1S95, for a four years' term and his
course fully justified the faith that had been reposed in him by his fellow citizens and
members of the party throughout the state. He always opposed class legislation and
every scheme to confiscate lands, property or money, whereby any person or. corpora-
tion may live upon the savings of others.

On the 29th of September, 1S73, Mr. Kincaid was married to Miss Augusta A. Lock-
wood, a daughter of Stephen and Diana Lockwood, of Macomb county, Michigan, and
they became the parents of a son, Webster L., who was born in Eugene, Oregon, Septem-
ber 16, 1883. He was married January 22, 1909, to Dorothy Catherine Hills, a daugh-
ter of J. A. Hills, and they have two sons, Harrison R. and Webster L., Jr. Her pater-
nal grandfather was a pioneer of Oregon, having arrived in the state in 1849. Web-
ster L. Kincaid makes his home in Laurelhurst and has his offices in the Henry
building in Portland.

Harrison R. Kincaid had become connected with large business interests in both
Eugene and Portland and was one of the extensive taxpayers of Lane county. In all
business affairs and investments he manifested the same sound judgment that made
his opinions upon public questions those of wisdom. Throughout his life he was
keenly interested in everything that had to do with the welfare of his city and state.
He gave to the University of Oregon its first printing plant and was ever a stalwart
champion of the institution. He passed on to a ripe and honorable old age, his death
occurring when he was in his eighty-fourth year. His demise was the passing of one
whose life constituted a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive
present, and there was no man in all Oregon who contributed in more substantial and
effective measure to the progress of the state. Recognizing that the newspaper pub-
lisher has a greater scope of influence than most individuals, he was extremely con-
scientious in expressing his opinions and at all times attempted to follow a constructive
policy with regard to the individual and to the commonwealth.

F. MARION HYDE.

F. Marion Hyde, who since October, 1919, has lived retired in Harrisburg, was
for many years prominently identified with stock raising interests of the state, being
owner of the finest herd of cattle in Oregon. He was born in Ash Grove, Missouri,
April 16, 1851, a son of Perry and Eliza (Tyler) Hyde, the former a native of Iowa
and the latter of Missouri. The father followed ranching in Missouri until 1851,
when he became a member of a party of one hundred and fifty people who crossed
the plains with oxen and mules, with Oregon as their destination. Locating in Linn
county, he here took up a donation claim of three hundred and seventeen acres upon
which now stands a portion of the town of Harrisburg. He at once set about the
arduous work of cultivating his land and gradually brought it to a high state of
development, from time to time adding to his possessions until he became the owner
of three ranches in Lane county and three in Linn county. Upon these he ran his
stock, conducting his operations along that line on a very extensive scale, driving
beef cattle across the country to California, where he sold them to the miners. He
also became interested in racing and was the owner of some of the fastest horses in
the state, having constructed upon one of his ranches a mile track, where many notable
meets were held. In his later years he engaged in the dry goods business at Harris-
burg and also was the proprietor of a hardware establishment and through these
various lines of activity won a notable measure of success, so that his name became
a prominent one throughout the state. He was also a veteran of the Indian wars,
having participated in the Rogue River campaign, and there was no phase of western
development with which he was not familiar. He was one of the pioneer builders of
the state who by their labors made possible that superior civilization which is now
one of the characteristics of the commonwealth, and great honor is due him not only
on account of the individual success which he achieved, but also owing to the part
which he played in the upbuilding of his town and county, which benefited greatly
by his activities. He was a charter member of Thurston Lodge, A. F. & A. M., No. 28.
He passed away in 1886 and his name will ever be an honored one in the annals of this
state.

Coming to Oregon when a babe in his mother's arms, F. Marion Hyde has passed

F. MARION HYDE

HISTORY OP OREGON 483

his entire life within its borders. He remembers the time when travel was on toot
or by team before the railroads were built here and when there was no sound to
break the silence save when a settler was at work on the arduous task of establishing
a new home in the midst of the wilderness. At the time the family settled in Linn
county there was no town at Harrisburg and they had but three neighbors. Mr.
Hyde was reared and educated in Linn county and after completing his studies engaged
in the stock business on his father's ranches, in which he won notable success, special-
izing in pure bred Hereford and Durham cattle. He carried on an extensive business
along that line, having at times as many as two hundred head of cattle, and his herd
ranked as the best in the state. In 1902 he engaged in the meat business in Harrisburg,
in which he continued active for twelve years, during which period he twice suffered
considerable loss by fire. In November, 1917, he was gored by a bull and his injuries
were so severe that he was unable to walk for six months thereafter. In 191.3 Mr.
Hyde sold his father's estate, comprising over a thousand acres, and the proceeds were
then divided among the six heirs to the property. Since October, 1919, he has lived
retired in the enjoyment of a substantial competence, which he has won through hon-
orable methods and sound business judgment. Mr. Hyde is the oldest person in Harris-
burg and the only one remaining who was here in 1851. At that time the town was
known as Thurston.

Mr. Hyde has been married three times. His first marriage was with Miss Mary
Kelsey, whom he wedded in October, 1878. They became the parents of three children:
Lilly, who died in September, 1918; Rose, who died at the age of two years; and galvin,
who died when but six weeks old. On the 1st of September, 1SS9. the wife and mother
passed away after an illness of six years, and in 1S94 Mr. Hyde wedded Florence Hodges.
His third union was with Lena Johnson, whom he married in 1910, and she passed
away in October, 1914.

In his political views Mr. Hyde is a democrat, and fraternally he is identified
with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, with which he has been connected for
a period of forty-three years, and he also belongs to the Artisans lodge, of which he
is a charter member. The life record of F. Marion Hyde has been marked by constant
progress, resulting ever in the attainment of his objective in the business world.
His entire life, covering a span of seventy years, has been passed within the borders
of this state and he has well used these years, not only to promote his own prosperity,
but to aid and further the general development and progress of his community and
district.

WILLIAM WHITFIELD.

William Whitfield is the senior partner of Whitfield, Whitcomb & Company, Cer-
tified Public Accountants, and the firm is one of the most prominent on the Paciti';
coast, having an extensive business that covers this entire section of the country. Mr.
Whitfield is entitled to credit for what he has accomplished in this connection as enter-
prise, progressiveness and business ability have been the basis upon which he has
built his success. He came to America from England, his birth having occurred in
Berkshire in 1882, and his parents were Albert and Susan (Smith) Whitfield. After
qualifying for his profession in his native country he came to the new world in 1905
and spent six months in San Francisco before making his way northward to Portland.
In 1906 he established business in Portland, Oregon, and in 1910 was joined by Mr.
Whitcomb in organizing the present company. They have from fifty to sixty employes,
all proficient in their chosen profession. The company maintains four offices located
at Portland, Seattle, Spokane and Astoria and three agencies, one at San Francisco,
another at Los Angeles and the third at Salt Lake City.

In 1915 Mr. Whitfield was married to Miss Isabel Hughes and they have one son,
William Hughes Whitfield. Mr. Whitfield votes for the republican party and belongs
to the Arlington Club, the Waverly Country Club and the Rotary Club. He is also
identified with the Chamber of Commerce, while fraternally he is a Mason. He was
largely instrumental in securing the passage of a law establishing the State Board for
Certified Public Accountants in Oregon in 1912, and in 1914 was elected to the presi-
dency of the state society. In 1915 he was chosen vice president of the American In-
stitute of Certified Public Accountants. He holds to very high professional standards

484 HISTORY OP OREGON

and has done much to advance its interest and welfare as a representative of this
calling.

A most interesting chapter in the life record of Mr. Whitfield concerns his service
for the government during the World war. In May, 1917. he was made division
auditor in charge of government accounts for construction work at Camps Lewis and
Fremont. Later, or in January, 1918, he was transferred to Washington and had
charge of government accounts for all construction work of the construction division
of the army in the United States. He enlisted as a private in July, 1918, was promoted
to the rank of captain in the Engineer Corps and went overseas in August, 1918.
He was first stationed in Paris and then sent to London, England, as financial requisi-
tion officer. He was subsequently promoted to the rank of major and on the 21st of
May, 1919, received his discharge. He did valuable work for the country in his military
and professional capacities and when his aid was no longer needed returned to Port-
land, where he again assumed his duties as head of the firm of Whitfield, Whitcomb
& Company. As a certified public accountant he enjoys a most enviable reputation,
his ability placing him in the front rank in professional connections.

ULYSSES S. GRANT.

Ulysses S. Grant is now serving for the second term as mayor of Dallas and is-
also extensively engaged in the raising of pure bred Angora goats, in this connection
having served for eleven years as president of the National Mohair Growers Associa-
tion. He is a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of the state and
was born in the city where he now resides August 5, 1863, his parents being William
and Beatrice A. (Robertson) Grant, natives of Missouri. In 1844, when but a boy,
the father accompanied his parents on their removal to Oregon, the journey being
made by means of ox teams. The family home was established in Polk county,
where the grandfather took up a donation claim one mile from the present site of
Dallas. He cleared and improved his land, continuing active in its cultivation through-
out the remainder of his life. His son, William Grant, learned the trade of a car-
penter and many of the buildings in Dallas and the surrounding country were con-
structed by him. For eight years he resided in Springfield, Oregon, later removed
to Lebanon, where he remained for four years, then took up his abode in Dallas and
there spent the balance of his life. The mother survives and is making her home in
Portland.

Ulysses S. Grant attended school in Springfield and in Lebanon, Oregon, and later
learned the carpenter's trade under the direction of his father, continuing active
along that line for eighteen years. On the expiration of that period he turned his
attention to railroading and for eight years was thus employed, during which time
he was appointed postmaster of Dallas by President Harrison, being the first incum-
bent in that office as a presidential post office in which he served for a period of seven
years. He then purchased a portion of his grandfather's old donation claim in addi-
tion to other land and engaged in raising pure bred Angora goats. He formerly im-
ported his animals from South Africa and now keeps on' hand from one to two hun-
dred registered goats and this enterprise has proven most successful. He has invested
extensively in farm lands, now being the owner of twelve hundred and eight acres,
and is recognized as one of the progressive and substantial agriculturists of this sec-
tion of the state, gaining that prominence and prosperity* which are the direct result
of constructive labor. His land is rich and productive and his methods of farming
are both practical and progressive. One of the interesting relics of pioneer days is the
log cabin built by his grandfather in 1844, which is still standing upon the old dona-
tion claim.

On the 16th of October, 1883, Mr. Grant was united in marriage to Miss Nellie
E. Miller, a daughter of Monroe and Virginia (Fulkerson) Miller, who were natives
of Missouri and became pioneers of Oregon. Both are now deceased. In his political
views Mr. Grant is a stanch republican and is now serving as mayor of his city.
He has always been loyal to the trust reposed in him and is making a most creditable
record in office, seeking earnestly to advance the interests and upbuilding of the city
through a progressive and businesslike administration. Fraternally he Is identified
with the Woodmen of the World and is a prominent Mason, having attained the
thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite and Is a member of Al Kader Temple of

HISTORY OF OREGON 485

Portland Mystic Shrine and he also belongs to the White Shrine and is a member
of the Eastern Star, while his wife is a member of the Women of Woodcraft, Eastern
Star, of which she is a past matron, and also a member of the White Shrine. His entire
life has been passed upon the Pacific coast and he has ever been an exponent of the
spirit of enterprise and progress that has dominated this section of the country. He
is a man of high principles and substantial qualities and is widely and favorably
known in the community where he has so long

LOUIS C. OTTO.

Louis C. Otto, who is engaged in the loans and insurance business in Portland,
was born in Saxony, Germany, December 15, 1853, and was but twelve years of age
■when he came to the United States with his parents, John and Louisa (Schreiber)
Otto, who located in Dupage county, Illinois, where the father engaged in farming
until 1880. In that year he went with his family to Boyd county, Nebraska, and
homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres, on which he and his wife spent their
remaining days. The mother died about twenty-six years ago and the father, long
surviving her, passed away about 1916, when eighty years of age.

Louis C. Otto was reared in Illinois and was twenty-seven years of age when in
the spring of 18S0 he removed westward to Nebraska, settling first in Lincoln, where
he became associated with municipal offices serving as chief of police, county sheriff
and as constable for a period of eighteen years.

It was in 1903 that Mr. Otto arrived in Portland, where he has since remained.
Here he established a loan and insurance agency, opening an office at First and Alder
streets, but since that time has removed to the Chamber of Commerce building.
Through the intervening period of seventeen years he has concentrated his efforts
and energy upon the business and has gained a large clientage, thereby winning a
large financial return for his labors.

In 1878 Mr. Otto was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Wolfe, in Chicago, Illinois,
and to them were born four children: W. F., now forty-two years of age, who resides
in Portland and who married Minnie Buehler, by whom he has one child, Neola, aged
twelve; Louis P., thirty-five years of age, who married Fay Parker of New York and
has two sons, Walter F. and Louis, aged respectively eight and three years; Amanda
Julia, who is living in Portland with her parents and is employed on the editorial
staff of the Oregonian; and Jenette L., who is the wife of Donald D. Henderson of
Portland. Mr. Otto owns an attractive home in which he and his family reside, and
he also has other property in the city. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights
of Pythias and also with the Modern Woodmen of America. He has never had occa-
sion to regret his determination to come to the northwest, for he has here found good
business opportunities and with the passing years is making steady and substantial
progress along the lines which he has chosen as his life work.

RAY M. WALTZ, M. D.

Dr. Ray M. Waltz, a leading physician and surgeon of Brownsville, where since
1916 he has practiced his profession, was born in Spokane, Washington, January 3,
1887, his parents being M. M. and Mary C. (Starr) Waltz, the former a native of Mis-
souri and the latter of Benton county, Oregon. When but two years of age the father
was brought across the plains to Oregon by his parents who settled in Benton county.
He became a Methodist minister and for a few years engaged in preaching the gospel,
but owing to ill health was obliged to abandon his calling, and going to California,
he there spent seven years. On the expiration of that period he returned to Benton
county, Oregon, where he took up the occupation of farming, in which he was engaged
until his death in November, 1920. The mother survives.

Ray M. Waltz attended the schools of Bellfountain, Benton county. Oregon, and
subsequently was for two years a student in the Oregon Agricultural College, where
he pursued a pharmaceutical course. He then entered the medical school of the Oregon
State University and was graduated therefrom with the class of 1916, after which he
came to Brownsville and has since engaged in practice here. He is faithful and con-

486 HISTORY OF OREGON

scientious in the discharge of his professional duties and he has ever kept in touch
with the advancement that is continually being made in the science of medicine and
surgery through wide reading and study, thus greatly promoting his skill and efficiency.
He is very successful in the treatment of his patients and is building up a good prac-
tice and he likewise has farming interests in Benton county which are proving a profit-
able investment.

On the 17th of September, 1913, Dr. Waltz was united in marriage to Miss Flora
Hassett and they have become the parents of two children: Floyd, born May 24, 1914;
and Merle, born October 7, 1916. In his political views the Doctor is a republican
and he has been called to public office, having served as city physician, while he is
now filling the position of district registrar for the state. His fraternal connections
are with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and along professional
lines he is identified with the Oregon State and Central Willamette Medical Societies
and the American Medical Association, while his religious faith is indicated by his
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. Although one of the younger repre-
sentatives of the medical fraternity, Dr. Waltz is making rapid advancement in his
profession, and judging from his past accomplishments his future career will be well
worth watching. He is interested in all that has to do with public progress in the
community and his aid and influence are always on the side of advancement and
improvement.

LUTHER M. DILLARD.

Luther M. Dillard, who passed away in August, 18S9, was for many years prominently
identified with the agricultural and stock raising interests of Lane county and at the
time o^ his death was the owner of a valuable farm comprising over three hundred
and seventy acres, located about five miles south of Eugene. He was essentially a
member of the class of doers, gifted with initiative and quick resolve, and he never
under stress of action' faltered, hesitated nor reconsidered.

Mr. Dillard was born in Missouri, January 18, 1846, a son of Stephen M. and
Julia (Renshaw) Dillard, natives of Tennessee. For a time the father followed farm-
ing in Missouri and then made his way across the country to California. In 1853 he
came to Oregon, locating in Lane county, where he purchased land, which he im-
proved and operated for many years, but his wife's health became impaired and
they again took up their residence in California, where the father passed away March
30, 1867. The mother subsequently returned to Lane county and her death occurred
on the 18th of February, 1896.

Luther M. Dillard was reared and educated in Lane county, Oregon, and re-
mained under the parental roof until he attained his majority. Going to the state
of Washington, he took up a soldier's claim. For some time he was busily engaged
in the improvement and cultivation of that property and then came to eastern Oregon,
where for three years he was engaged in the cattle business. At the end of that period
he returned to Lane county and purchased land five miles south of Eugene. To his
original possessions he added by purchase from time to time until at the time of his
death he was the owner of over three hundred and seventy acres of valuable land,
which he greatly improved by the addition of substantial barns and outbuildings and
all the necessary farm machinery and equipment, everything about the place being
indicative of the progressive spirit and enterprising methods of the owner. In con-
nection with his farming operations he also engaged in the cattle business and in the
conduct of a dairy, meeting with success in each line of activity. He never stopped
short of the successful accomplishment of his purpose, and his purpose was always an
honorable one. He was actuated in all that he did by a laudable ambition that
prompted him to take a forward step when the way was open, and his ability and
even-paced energy carried him forward to the goal of success.

It was on the 4th of August, 1875, that Mr. Dillard was united in marriage to
Miss Samantha J. Emmons, who was born in Mercer county, Illinois, October 6, 1852,
her parents being James W. and Caroline D. (Shortridge) Emmons, the latter a
grandniece of Daniel Boone, the noted Indian fighter. The father was born in Indiana,
January 19, 1838, and the mother's birth occurred in Little Rock, Arkansas, May 24,
1833. James W. Emmons followed farming in Illinois until 1866, when he crossed
the plains to Oregon, settling in Lane county, but was permitted to enjoy his new

HISTORY OF OREGON 487

home only for a short time, his death occurring on the 14th of February, 1S68, when
he was forty-one years of age. The mother survived him for many years, passing
away July 2, 1919, at the advanced age of eighty-six years.

Mr. and Mrs. Dillard became the parents of four children: Earl N., the eldest of
the family, was bom July 23, 1876, and is now a resident of Springfield, Oregon;
Walter B., born February 6, 1S7S, is a graduate of the University of Oregon and is an
attorney by profession. He successfully engaged in teaching at Wilsoncreek, Washing-
ton, while previously he was for two years superintendent of schools of Lane county,
rendering such valuable and efficient service in that connection that he was sub-
sequently appointed assistant state superintendent of schools. He discharged the
duties of that important position in a most capable and satisfactory manner and his
work) in behalf of public education has been far-reaching and effective. He has also
taken a prominent part in public affairs, representing his district for one term in the
state legislature. He gave thoughtful and earnest consideration to all vital questions
which came up for settlement and earnestly fought for the support of bills which he
believed to be of benefit to the public at large; Frank C, the third in order of birth,
was born December 28, 1880. He is a graduate of the University of Oregon and is a
civil engineer by profession. John L., born January 14, 1884, is engaged in the abstract
business at Eugene. During the recent World war he served as ensign in the navy, his
period of service covering twenty-seven months.

Mr. Dillard gave his political allegiance to the republican party and in religious
faith was a Presbyterian. Coming to this state in pioneer times, he was an interested
witness of its development and upbuilding and at all times lent his aid and cooperation
to plans and projects for the general good. Lane county was fortunate in gaining him
as a citizen, for at all times he was loyal to her best Interests, and his progressiveness
placed him in a prominent position among the farmers and stockmen of the district.

WALTER D. WHITCOMB.

Walter D. Whitcomb, a member of the firm of Whitfield, Whitcomb & Company, Cer-
tified Public Accountants of Portland, was born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1884, a son of
Arthur O. and Hattie Whitcomb, the former a native of Illinois, while the latter was
born in Michigan. The father was identified with railroad Interests during his active
life and is now living retired.

Walter D. Whitcomb after attending the high schools of Chicago continued his
education in Wheaton College which conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts degree
and later received the Bachelor of Science degree. He spent two years as a student
in the University of Chicago doing postgraduate work along medical lines and then
became connected with the firm of Arthur Young & Company, certified public account-
ants of Chicago with whom he remained for three years. On the expiration of that
period he came to Portland and in 1910 entered into partnership with Mr. Whitfield
in organizing the present firm. He remained active in the practice of his chosen pro-
fession until after America's entrance into the World war when he enlisted in the
Medical corps as a private. He became one of the organizers of the Portland field hos-
pital, a local unit. Afterwards he was detached from that military organization to
become the field auditor in connection with the building of Camp Fremont. He was com-
missioned a first lieutenant and in Washington was assigned to the finance and ac-
counting department' and sent overseas in December, 1917. In the following summer
he returned on an official mission to the United States and then returned to France
where he was in charge of the finances of the medical department. He was advanced
to the rank of lieutenant colonel and eventually returned to Washington where his mili-
tary activities were closed with his discharge in August, 1919.

It was in 1910 that Mr. Whitcomb was united in marriage to Miss Bess Hyde, a
native of Illinois. With his return to Portland Mr. Whitcomb resumed his relations
with the firm of Whitfield & Whitcomb and is today one of the prominent men of his
profession on the Pacific coast. His position of leadership is indicated in the fact
that he is now president of the Oregon State Society of Certified Public Accountants
and is also a member of the national society. He is likewise a member of the board
of directors of the Chamber of Commerce. In fraternal relations he is a Mason,
having taken the degrees of the York Rite, belongs to Oregon Commandery, K. T., and
Is a member of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Ad Club, the Chamber ot

488 HISTORY OF OREGON

Commerce, the University Club, the City Club, the Irvington, Old Colony, and Athens,
and is thus very prominent in club and social circles as well as in the business life of
Portland. Devotion to duty is one of his marked characteristics and this has been
manifest in every relation of life, while the sacrifice of his personal interests at the
time of the World war indicates his patriotic loyalty to his country.

JAMES E. BRIDGWATER, M. D.

Dr. James E. Bridgwater., devoting his attention to the practice of medicine and
surgery at Albany and at all times keeping in touch with the advanced thought and
methods of the profession, was born in Caldwell, Kansas, October 5, 1883, of the mar-
riage of S. J. and Ida A. (Smith) Bridgwater, natives of Illinois. The father engaged
in the cotton gin business and also conducted a hardware store at Caldwell, Kansas,
but is now a resident of Norman, Oklahoma, where he is conducting business along
similar lines. The mother also survives.

James E. Bridgwater attended the public schools and the high school at Cald-
well, Kansas, later pursuing his studies at Norman, Oklahoma. Subsequently he was
for three years a student in the University of Oklahoma, and he then entered the medical
school of St. Louis University, from which he was graduated with the class of 1910, with
the M. D. degree. For a year he served an interneship in the St. Francis Hospital at
Colorado Springs, Colorado, and then practiced his profession for one year in that city.
Coming to Oregon in 1912, he opened an office in Albany and has continued in practice
here, enjoying a large and growing patronage. He has been very successful in his pro-
fessional work — successful not only in the attainment of a substantial income, but also
successful in his efforts to restore health and check the ravages of disease, and he is
continually striving to make his professional work of the greatest possible worth.

On the 3d of June, 1913, Dr. Bridgwater was united in marriage to Miss Mayme
Wellington and they are well known and popular in the social circles of Albany. Dr.
Bridgwater's professional connections are with the Oregon State and Central Willamette
Medical Societies and the American Medical Association, and fraternally he is identi-
fied with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and he
is also a Mason, holding membership in the Shrine. His political allegiance is given
to the republican party. During the war with Germany he served for three months
as a lieutenant in the Medical Corps, being stationed at Camp Kearney, California.
He is ever actuated by laudable ambition and his persistency of purpose, his study and
his determination have brought him to a prominent position in professional circles,
■while his high standards of citizenship have made him the champion and supporter
of all practical plans and methods for the general good.

JACOB KAMM.

On the 12th of December, 1912, Jacob Kamm reached the eighty-ninth milestone on
life's journey. Two days later he passed to the home beyond and to Portland's citizens
his life and his activities are now but a memory, yet a memory that is cherished by
all who knew him and recognized the value of the great work which he did in connec-
tion with the development and upbuilding of the northwest. He installed the machinery
in the first steamer, the Lot Whitcomb, which was the first craft of the kind ever
equipped at Portland and from that time forward he was closely associatedi with the
development of the navigation and transportation interests of the northwest. His work
was indeed of incalculable benefit and he lived to reap the reward of his labors, becom-
ing through the conduct of his carefully managed and honorably directed business affairs
one of the wealthiest men of his section of the country.

Mr. Kamm came from the beautiful land of the snow-clad Alps. He was born in
Canton Glarus, December 12, 1823, and he was quite young when his father resigned
a commission in the army of France in order to come to the new world, where he be-
lieved he might secure broader opportunities in order to provide for his family. He
had been a resident of the new world for only four years, however, when in New Orleans
he fell a victim to the yellow fever epidemic. His son, Jacob Kamm, then twelve years
of age, was thus left to meet life's battles unaided by a father's care and guidance. A

MRS. CAROLINE A. KAMM

JACOB KAMM

HISTORY OF OREGON 493

sturdy, self-reliant spirit came to him from his ancestry and with this developed in
him a determination to utilize to its full every advantage that should come to him.
Even prior to his father's death he had started out in the business world by securing
a position in the office of the leading daily paper of New Orleans and later he performed
various other tasks which would yield him an honest living. In November, 1837, he
left the Crescent City to become a resident of St. Louis, Missouri. On the trip up the
river he was robbed by a stranger of all of his money save ten cents. Necessity there-
fore obliged him to obtain immediate employment and he secured the position of cabin
boy on the Ark, a small steamer on the Mississippi river. Realizing, too, that added
educational training would increase his efficiency in the business world he attended
a private school during the winter months. He was ambitious, energetic and determined
and he utilized every leisure moment to master the details of marine engineering and
became an expert workman in that field, so that he was offered paying positions which
in time brought to him the capital that enabled him to become part owner of the
Steamer Belle of Hatchie, a steamboat which he operated until his health became im-
paired. After disposing of his interest in that steamer he acted as chief engineer for
several years on packet boats plying between St. Louis, Keokuk and New Orleans. At
that day the requirements demanded of engineers were very high. Mr. Kamm received
his diploma from the Engineers Association of Missouri, but again his health forced
him to seek a change of climate and he crossed the plains in 1849, making his way to
the mining regions in the vicinity of Sacramento. A little later he became engineer
on a steamer plying on the Sacramento and Feather rivers in California and in the
succeeding year, in San Francisco, he formed the acquaintance of Lot Whitcomb and
this eventually led to his becoming a resident of Oregon. In order to install the
machinery ordered for the Steamer Lot Whitcomb, Mr. Kamm went to Milwaukie, a
Portland suburb, and although his knowledge of such work was of expert character
his sole equipment at that point was a bellows and anvil, but with the assistance of a
blacksmith of the name of Blakesley, who was ingenious and painstaking, he managed
to shape the crude tools that enabled him to perform the work that he had undertaken.
The boilers had arrived in twenty-two sections from New York, but at length the Lot
■Whitcomb steamed out of the harbor of Portland, the first craft of the kind ever equipped
in this port, Mr. Kamm being behind the engines, a position which he maintained until
the vessel was sold and taken to California. This constituted the initial step of Mr.
Kamm's long and prominent connection with the navigation interests of the northwest
and he contributed in most substantial measure to the development of navigation in-
terests in this section of the country. He built the first stern wheel steamer of Oregon,
the Jennie Clark, and was half owner with Messrs. Abernethy, Clark and Ainsworth.
The enterprise was a stupendous one for that day, for all machinery had to be brought
around Cape Horn, but the work was successfully executed and the craft launched.
Later Mr. Kamm was instrumental in the building of the Carrie Ladd, also one of the
early steamers on the Columbia and the nucleus of the property that was later owned
by the Oregon Steam Navigation Company, which was organized in 1860 with Mr. Kamm
as chief engineer and one of the large stockholders. In 1865 he sold his interest in
the business to a syndicate, which in turn transferred its stock to the Oregon Railroad
& Navigation Company. Mr. Kamm was likewise the owner of the George S. Wright,
a steamer engaged in the coast trade between Portland, Victoria and Sitka. As the
years passed he developed his business to meet the demands of the growing trade.
After some years it was his desire to retire from navigation interests, but he was
forced to take the small steamer Carrie in payment of a debt and this became the nucleus
of the fleet of the Vancouver Transportation Company, which was organized in 1874
with Mr. Kamm as president. He continued in that connection to the closing years of
his life, although for some time prior to his demise he had retired from the active
management of the business. At one time he held a large part of the stock of the
Ilwaco Railway & Navigation Company and with others he was associated in building
the Ocean Wave and the Norma, of the Snake River Transportation Company, which
are the only boats that have passed through the famous box canon on the Snake river
without being wrecked. Long before the era of railroad transportation his labors had
facilitated trade relations in providing means of transportation for the products of
the northwest and therefore this section of the country owes mucTi of its development,
growth and progress to the efforts of Mr. Kamm. He also became widely known in
banking circles of Portland, investing to a large extent in the stock of various banks
and becoming vice president of the United States National Bank. He was likewise verr
active in the upbuilding of Astoria, became one of the large taxpayers there and presl-

494 HISTORY OF OREGON

dent of the First National Bank of Astoria. His investments also included large
property holdings in Portland and in San Francisco. In the early '60s, or during the
initial period of his residence in Portland, he purchased fourteen acres of land, then
outside the city limits, a tract that is now in the very heart of the beautiful Rose City
and constitutes one of the finest estates there and in the midst of this wide tract stands
the Kamm home, in which Mr. Kamm spent his last years in most honorable and enjoy-
able retirement.

On the 13th of September, 1859, Mr. Kamm was married to Miss Caroline Augusta
Gray, a daughter of William H. and Mary (Dix) Gray, the former coming to the north-
west as a missionary in 1836 and the latter in 1S3S. They earnestly desired to Christian-
ize the Indian population of the northwest and promote the moral progress of the early
white settlers. The father was also a practicing physician and a man of marked literary
ability. Mrs. Kamm was the second in order of birth in their family of eight children,
and by her marriage she became the mother of a son, Charles T., who became his father's
associate in business and married Fannie H. Walker, a daughter of W. B. and Catherina
P. Walker and who at his death left four children: Mrs. Caroline A. McKinnon, Jacob G,
Willis W. and Philip S.

Mr. Kamm was for many years a devoted member of the First Presbyterian church
and served as president of its board of trustees. He made generous contribution to
the support of the church and was greatly interested in its work. He belonged to the
Masonic fraternity and was one of the early members of Multnomah Lodge, No. 1, A.
F. & A. M., of Oregon City, while later he transferred his membership to Willamette
Lodge, No. 2, of Portland. He likewise held membership in Portland Chapter, No. 3,
R. A. M.; Oregon Commandery, No. 1, K. T.: Oregon Consistory, No. 1, A. & A. S. R.;
and Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Such in brief is the life history of a man
to whom opportunity was ever the call to action and who made wise use of his time
and talents. He displayed many admirable and noble characteristics and the strength
of his purpose was guided by sound judgment and most honorable principles in all that
he undertook. He was esteemed highly by all who knew him — those who were his
associates in the church, his business friends in his later years, but most of all by
the pioneers with whom he had struggled to introduce all of the advantages and oppor-
tunities of the older civilization into the new and growing west.

THOMAS W. SOMMERVILLE.

Thomas W. Sommerville, a successful farmer who is living retired on a farm
of nine acres in the eastern part of Harrisburg, has here spent his entire life, for he
was born on a farm six miles east of the city on the 18th of August, 1881, a son of
John and Ellen (Brasfield) Sommerville, the former a native of Illinois and the latter
of Missouri. In 1853 the father crossed the plains to Oregon in company with his
parents, who took up their residence in Linn county, casting in their lot with the
pioneer settlers of the state. At the time of the removal John Sommerville was but
twelve years of age and on reaching maturity he purchased land, which he cultivated
and improved, continuing its operation until 1912, when he retired and has since
resided with his son, Thomas W.. although he is still the owner of his farm of three
hundred and twenty-nine acres. He has reached the age of seventy-nine years, but
the mother is deceased, her demise having occurred in November, 1912, at which
time she was sixty-eight years of age.

Thomas W. Sommerville was reared in Linn county and in its district schools
he pursued his education, later attending the Harrisburg high school and the
Capital Business College at Salem, where he completed a commercial course. He then
engaged in farming in connection with his father and in 1912 he also retired, leasing
his farm and moving to Harrisburg, where he has erected three homes, having just
completed the third, a modern and commodious residence in which the family now
resides. It is situated in the eastern part of the city, in the midst of a nine-acre tract.
Mr. Sommerville formerly engaged in the raising ' of pure bred Cotswold sheep, in
which he was very successful, and he is now a stockholder in the May & Senders
Corporation of Harrisburg and also in the Harrisburg Lumber & Manufacturing
Company, which are proving profitable investments.

On the 21st of November, 1906, Mr. Sommerville was united In marriage to Miss
Florence Bridges and they have become the parents of a son, Thomas John, who was

HISTORY OF OREGON 495

born Juue 29, 1914. In his political views llr. Sommerville is a republican and he
has served as a member of the town council. He is a Mason of high rank, having at-
tained the thirty-second degree in Scottish Rite Masonry, and is also a Knights
Templar and a Shriner belonging to Al Kader Temple at Portland. His religious faith
Is indicated by his membership in the Christian church. In the conduct of his busi-
ness affairs Mr. Sommerville has displayed sound judgment and he is everywhere
spoken of as a citizen of worth, possessing many sterling traits ot character which
have been of value in the upbuilding and progress of the community and which
have won for him the high regard of all who know him.

HON. DUANE C. THOMS.

Hon. Duane C. Thoms, representing his district in the state legislature and also
prominently identified with commercial interests of Linn county as secretary and
manager of the Scio Milling Company, has for many years been closely associated with
the development and upbuilding of this part of the state and in attaining success he
has not only advanced his own interests but has also contributed to the welfare and
promotion of the district in which he has lived. Mr. Thoms was born in Carver
county, Minnesota, June 2, 1866, his parents being James H. and Annetta (Hamblet)
Thoms, the former a native of Bangor, Maine, while the latter was born in Massa-
chusetts. They took up their residence in Minnesota at an early period in the develop-
ment of that state, the now flourishing city of Minneapolis being at that time a trading
post. They settled near Lake Minnetonka, where the father took up land, which he
cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation until 1891, when he sold his farm
and came to Oregon, becoming a resident of Forest Grove, where he lived retired dur-
ing the remainder of his life, his demise occurring in 1902. The mother survived him
for but a year, passing away in 1903.

Duane C. Thoms was reared and educated in Minnesota, remaining at home until
he reached the age of seventeen years, when he went to North Dakota and there Joined
his brother, who was connected with an elevator business in that state. He remained
with his brother for a short time and then went to Newark, South Dakota, where he
Decame active in the same line of work, continuing there until 1891, when he came to
Oregon. Locating at Corvallis, in Benton county, he again became connected with
the elevator business, with which he was identified for three years, when he assumed
charge of the mills at Sidney, Marion county, Oregon, retaining that position for nine
years. On the expiration of that period he was placed in charge of the mills at Jef-
ferson, also in Marion county, and retained that connection until 1916, when he
purchased an interest in the Scio Milling Company at Scio, Linn county, of which
he became miller and manager and also secretary-treasurer, in which capacity he is
now serving. Subsequently he purchased the interests of three other stockholders and
in June, 1920, was joined by Oscar Eichinger, who is now filling the office of president,
Mrs. Thoms being one of the directors. They manufacture a high grade of flour, the
capacity of the mill being sixty barrels per day, and they have built up a large
trade in Oregon, while they find a ready market for their surplus stock in California.
They also furnish the town of Scio with electric power and their business has become
a most profitable one, conducted along the most modern and progressive lines. The
products of the mill are first class in every particular and the firm name is a synonym
for reliability and square dealing. Mr. Thoms is also conducting a mill at Carlton,
Oregon, in connection with his brother, and his broad experience has brought to him
expert knowledge of the milling business, so that he is most successfully conducting
the interests of the firm, being a man of sound judgment and keen sagacity. He also
has farming interests near Jefferson, Oregon, and is a most capable business man, whose
plans are well formulated and promptly executed.

In February, 1894, Mr. Thoms was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Osburn
and they have become the parents of a son, Harold W., who was born October 19, 1895,
and is now a mining engineer in the oil fields of Oklahoma. He enlisted for service
in the recent World war and was first sent to Camp Lewis, Washington, and later
to Louisville, Kentucky, where he was commissioned second lieutenant of artillery.
He was then stationed at Camp Jackson, South Carolina, whence he was sent to Fort
Sill, Oklahoma, where he was discharged two weeks after the signing of the armistice,
his period of service covering one and a half years.

496 HISTORY OF OREGON

Mr. Thorns gives his political allegiance to the republican party, of which he is a
stalwart supporter. He is a prominent figure in the public life of his community
and for two terms represented Marion county in the state legislature, while he also
represented Linn county in that law-making body, his present term of office expiring
in January, 1921. As a member of the state legislature he exerted considerable in-
fluence over public thought and opinion, especially In the district in which he makes
his home. He gives thoughtful and earnest consideration to all the vital questions
coming up for settlement and supports those measures which he believes to be of
benefit to the public at large. He has also been called to other public positions of
trust and while a resident of Jefferson, Oregon, he served on the city council and was
a member of the school board. Mrs. Thoms is a member of the Church of Christ,
Scientist, and fraternally Mr. Thoms is identified with the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is also a prominent member of the
Masonic order, belonging to the chapter, commandery and shrine, and in the Scottish
Rite he has attained the thirty-second degree. His has been an active life, filled with
honorable purpose and accomplishment. A spirit of progressiveness prompts him to
do everything in his power to aid his community and commonwealth and no one ques-
tions the integrity of his motives, for his career has been filled with tangible evidences
of his marked devotion to the public good.

PAUL WESSINGER.

Paul Wessinger, extensively and successfully engaged in the manufacture of non-
alcoholic beverages at Portland, was born in Esslingen, Wurtemberg, Germany, February
9, 1859. He acquired his education in the schools of Stuttgart, which were afterward
taken as the model for all other schools in the empire. His father, William Wessinger,
was a professor of Latin at Stuttgart until his death and under his father's guidance
Paul Wessinger acquired a classical education, and was graduated in 1877, his father
being accidentally killed, however, in 1875.

It was the desire of Paul Wessinger to become a civil engineer but after his
father's death he was influenced by his uncle's wish that he should enter business
life and accordingly he matriculated in a business college, where he received both
theoretical and business training. He then entered a large manufacturing house,
in which were made all sorts of textiles in both cotton and linen, the plant being
the property of Carl Faber of Stuttgart. Mr. Wessinger was steadily advanced through
various promotions until he became head bookkeeper, filling the position for six
years, after which he received a flattering offer to become the selling representative
for the Wuerttembergische Leinwand Industrie Blaubeuren for central and northern
Germany. After being with that house* for two and a half years, he met Miss Anna
Weinhard and after getting into communication with her parents was influenced to
come to Portland, his idea being, that their decision to accept him as their son-in-law
should finally depend upon his presenting himself personally. This was the proper
custom in his country at that time. Miss Weinhard returned to Portland in 1S85 and
Mr. Wessinger followed later in the same year. Upon his arrival he entered imme-
diately upon the study of the brewing business with the same thoroughness which
had characterized his former efforts in other lines. He soon became the detail man
in connection with the plant and at the death of Mr. Weinhard, on the 20th of Septem-
ber, 1904, was made executive head of the business and has since occupied the posi-
tion. In 1918 the estate was incorporated and Mr. Wessinger became president thereof.
He was also one of the executors of the estate. With the passage of the prohibition
law he set to work at once to adapt the plant to changed conditions, and although
it was with considerable diflSculty that he transformed his plant from one built for the
manufacture of spirituous liquors to one adapted for the manufacture of soft drinks,
he has persevered, and has built up a non-alcoholic business, amounting to nearly a
million dollars annually.

On the 10th of December, 1885, Mr. Wessinger was united in marriage to Miss
Anna Weinhard of Portland, under whose influence he had been induced to become
a resident of this city. Two children have been born to them: Milla, the wife of
Phillip Hart, and the mother of two children, Phillip, Jr., six years of age, and Louise,
aged three; and Henry W., who is holding the position of plant manager in connec-
tion with the business of which his father is the head. He married Romayne Wood of

HISTORY OF OREGON 497

Aberdeen, Washington, and they have become the parents of two children, Paul and
William, aged respectively six and three years. Mr. Wessinger and his wife occupy
an attractive home in Portland and he also has a beautiful farm located about seven
miles from the city, in the development of which he takes much interest. The place
comprises twenty-six and a half acres and is one of the most attractive spots in the
state. Through it run several trout streams and on the hillside is a terraced vineyard.
Throughout the period of his residence in Portland Mr. Wessinger has been deeply
interested in all that has pertained to the progress, development and welfare of the
city. He was and still is an enthusiastic lover of good music and especially in his
younger years was frequently asked to assist as baritone soloist in oratorio and con-
cert work. He also was one of the fifteen original directors of the Lewis and Clark
Exposition and was appointed by H. W. Corbett as chairman of the grounds and
buildings committee. He was chairman of the subcommittee which had charge of
selecting the site for the exposition and in this capacity made leases with twenty-
seven of the twenty-eight land holders free but had to buy the ground tor the twenty-
eighth parcel, so as to round out the contour of the fair grounds. Much credit is due
Mr. Wessinger for his initiative and perseverance in this work, as he gave as much
time to his duties as fair director as to his own business, giving his best efforts to help
make the expo.sition a success. Many other evidences of his public spirit could be
cited and at all times he cooperates in well formulated plans and measures for the
benefit and upbuilding of Portland, nor has he ever had reason to regret his determina-
tion to come to America. In the development of his business he has steadily prospered
and is today one of the men of affluence in his adopted city.

JOHN W. HARRIS, M. D.

Dr. John W. Harris, whose scientific skill combined with his ready sympathy, en-
deared him to the hearts of his fellowmen and made him the loved family physician
In many a household in Eugene and throughout the surrounding country, passed away
June 6, 191S, at the age of sixty-four years. His life was actuated by high and honor-
able principles, and his course was ever directed along lines which commanded the
respect and confidence of his fellowmen, including his colleagues and contemporaries
in the profession.

Dr. Harris was born in Russellville, Indiana, March 2, 1854, a son of Rev. John M.
and Jane (Wilson) Harris, both natives of Kentucky. The father was born April 1,
1803, and was a minister of the Christian church and in an early day he crossed the
plains, preaching the gospel for a time in California. During the later period of his
life he was for the greater part of the time a resident of the state of Oregon and his
death occurred in Eugene, November 3, 1881, while the mother passed away near Cottage
Grove, Lane county, about 1880.

Dr. Harris was reared and received his early education in Monmouth, Oregon.
He followed farming for a time and also engaged in teaching school and subsequently
took up the study of dentistry and also that of medicine, but was obliged to discon-
tinue his studies, owing to ill health, and to resume the occupation of farming. In 1880
he became a student in a medical school at San Francisco, California, and completed
his professional studies in the medical school of the State University of Oregon at
Portland, from which he was graduated about 1883 with the M. D. degree. He first
engaged in practice at Cottage Grove, Oregon, but later temporarily abandoned that
pursuit, owing to ill health, and for four years was connected with the drug business
at Eugene. At the end of that period he resumed the practice of medicine, opening
an office in Eugene, where he continued in practice to the time of his death, which
occurred on the 6th of June, 1918, when, he was sixty-four years of age. For four
years he served as county coroner, ably and conscientiously discharging the duties of
that office. A broad student and a deep thinker, his efforts were of the greatest value
to his patients, for he was seldom, if ever, at fault in the diagnosis of a case and his
sound judgment and careful study enabled him to do most excellent professional work.

On the 6th of June, 1875, Dr. Harris wedded Miss Mary R. Shortridge, a daughter
of James H. and Amelia S. (Adams) Shortridge, both natives of Indiana. In 1852
her parents crossed the plains to Oregon and took up land about six miles from Cottage
Grove, the mother being the first white woman in that part of the country. They
continued to improve and operate their farm until 1908, when, having acquired a com-

Vol. n— 3 2

498 HISTORY OF OREGON

petence sufficient for their needs, they moved to Cottage Grove, and there passed their
remaining days in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. The father whose birth
occurred July IS, 1S31, passed away October 26, 1916, at the venerable age of eighty-
five years, while the mother died July 31, 1919, when in her eighty-fourth year. She
was born February 12, 1835. Their daughter, Mrs. Harris, was born near Cottage
Grove, November 22, 1857, and by her marriage she became the mother of four children:
Dr. M. C, the eldest, is a well known dentist of Eugene; Edith M. is the widow of
Louis C. Martin, and a resident of Portland; Edna O. is the wife of R. Claude Gray.
who is connected with the First National Bank of Eugene; and George W., the youngest
member of the family, is a senior in the State University at Eugene. On the 15th of
July, 191S, he enlisted in the medical department of the navy and is still in the service.
Dr. Harris was a member of the Oregon State and Lane County Medical Societies
and for some time served as secretary of the latter organization. His fraternal con-
nections were with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of
United Workmen. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and his
religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Christian church. Dr. Harris
was a broad-minded man whose opinions were sound and who placed no fictitious value
upon the things of life. He stood firmly for what he believed to be the best interests
of the community at large, while he was ever most careful to conform his practice to
the highest ethical standards of the medical profession. His life was ever guided by
high ideals, making him a man among men — strong in his ability to plan and perform
and honored for his good work and his good name.

MRS. ROXANNA (WATT) WHITE.

The pioneer women have indeed made for themselves a most creditable place in
history. They have shown that their heroism is equal to that of husbands, brothers
and fathers, that their powers of endurance were as great and that their faith in the
future was as unlimited. Identified with the development of the northwest from an
early period Mrs. Roxanna (W^att) White indeed deserves mention in the annals of
Oregon. She is now eighty-four years of age and displays a youthfulness of spirit
that is remarkable. Her father, John Watt, was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in
1792, while his father was a native of Scotland and with six brothers emigrated to
America in early life. In 1818 John Watt, then twenty-six years of age, was united
in marriage to Miss Mary Scott of Ohio, to which state he had removed during the
period of its pioneer development. In 1838 he again started westward, this time
accompanied by his family and for a number of years afterward they resided in Mis-
souri. In 1844 the eldest son, Joseph Watt, made the trip across the country to Ore-
gon and returning to Missouri in 1847 he bought four hundred head of sheep with
which he and other members of the family started for Oregon in the following spring
— 1848. The daughter, Roxanna. assisted in driving the sheep all the way. They Jour-
neyed by slow stages across the long stretches of hot sand and over the mountains until
they reached Oregon in the fall of that year.

John Watt then took up a donation claim of six hundred and forty acres, including
what is now the town of Amity and there he established his home. It was on this
land that the first schoolhouse in that part of the country was built and his son,
Ohio Watt, became the first teacher, while the daughter Roxanna acted as assistant
teacher.

Mrs. White was born at Mount Vernon, Knox county, Ohio, July 20, 1836. The
stern experiences of life came to her very early through the removal of the family
into the pioneer district of the northwest. Her brother, Joseph Watt, having brought
the first sheep into Oregon, was the promoter and one of the builders of the first woolen
mills in his part of the state. Ohio Watt was the founder of the first library in Amity
and in many other ways the family became closely associated with the development
and progress of the district in which they lived. In addition to the two sons men-
tioned there were eight daughters in the household and they, too, in their individual
ways, bore their part in the work of general advancement and improvement. The father
did not long survive the removal to the west, his death occurring in July, 1854. The
brothers, however, lived to witness many changes as the years passed and the seeds
of civilization were planted on the western frontier.

The daughter, Roxanna, not only acted as assistant to her brother following the

ROXANXA WATT WHITE IN HER EIGHTY-FOURTH YEAR JUST BEFORE
TAKING HER FLIGHT OVER PORTLAND

HISTORY OF OREGON 501

organization of the first school at Amity, but also taught school for several years
afterward, she being one of the pioneers in the profession. On the 26th of February,
1861, she took up the responsibilities of married life, for it was on that date that she
became the wife of William Graham White, who had served in the Rogue River war
and was one of the men who rescued Mrs. Harris and her child after the Indians had
killed her husband. Mr. White followed agricultural pursuits and stock raising, having
come with his parents to Oregon from Illinois in 1852. He devoted his remaining
days to the task of cultivating the soil and was thus engaged to the time of his demise
in January, 1878.

Following the death of her husband Mrs. White again took up the work of teaching
and was the first teacher at Ritzville, Washington, on the Northern Pacific. She also
taught for three years at Walla Walla and for three years on the coast and also spent
a similar period in the schools of Portland. She then returned to the ranch, which
was operated under her direction. She entered upon an agreement with two young
men who were working on the railroad to run her ranch, Mrs. White furnishing every-
thing necessary and making equal division of the proceeds. This arrangement proved
not only satisfactory but profitable and later she rented the farm until 1905, when
she sold out and removed to Portland, where she has since made her home. She had
crossed the plains with an ox team in 1848 and on the 2d of May, 1920, she rode above
the city of Portland in an airplane. In 1910 she visited various points of interest in
Europe and witnessed a performance of the Passion Play. The winter of 1902-3 she
spent at Washington, D. C, where she met and shook hands with President Roosevelt
and talked with him about the buffaloes on the plains in 1848, which pleased the
president-hunter greatly. Mrs. White has lived to witness many marvelous changes,
including the introduction of the railroad and the telegraph, the building of the
transcontinental railway lines and the introduction of all the inventions which have
revolutionized trade and commerce. Her adventurous spirit has never left her, as
is indicated in the fact that at the age of eighty-three years she made an airplane
trip above the Rose City. She keeps in touch with the trend of progress and improve-
ment and no one rejoices more heartily in what has been accomplished in the work
of upbuilding this splendid western country than does Mrs. White, who more than
seventy-two years ago journeyed with oxen and wagon to the far west.

L. L. ADCOX.

As president of the Adcox Auto & Aviation School, L. L. Adcox is conducting the
largest and most successful institution of the kind west of Kansas City. He is an
expert mechanic whose business initiative and progressiveness are making his school
a model of its kind, its methods of instruction being extensively adopted by leading
institutions of this character throughout the country. Mr. Adcox was born in Beebe,
Arkansas, in 1887, and is a representative of an old southern family of English descent.
He is a son of Joseph and Lilly (King) Adcox, the former of whom was engaged in
business as a jeweler.

L. L. Adcox had the advantage of a high school education, which he supplemented
by home study, pursuing correspondence courses with the American Technical Society
and the International Correspondence Schools. In 1S99 the family moved to Oregon,
first locating at Albany and subsequently taking up their residence at The Dalles. After
five years' experience in driving and repairing automobiles Mr. Adcox determined to
establish a school which would thoroughly equip men for this line of work. The sudden
growth of the automobile industry had created an unprecedented demand for skilled
mechanics in this particular line of work and he at first followed the lead of others,
opening a combination repair shop and school in 1914. The results, however, did not
satisfy him and his initiative spirit led him to establish a school independent of any
repair shop. That his innovation was a decided improvement on the old methods of
instruction is indicated in the fact that graduates of his school were notably successful
in the mechanical field, having thorough theoretical as well as practical knowledge.
After a few years the little school began to make such a showing that men throughout
the Pacific northwest who had mechanical leanings began to think of it first when
considering a course to fit them to enter the automobile field. Today the Adcox Auto
& Aviation School undoubtedly is the largest school of its kind west of Kansas City
and it graduates a larger percentage of students who make good in a big commanding

502 HISTORY OF OREGON

way than any other auto school in America, having during the winter months as
many as five hundred students enrolled at a time. The school is fitted out with the
most complete equipment obtainable and everything possible is done to develop the
student's skill and proficiency, so that with his specialized knowledge his services
are much in demand and he is thus able to command a large salary. In 1914 the
school was incorporated as the Adcox Auto School but is now known as the Adcox
Auto & Aviation School. Its present offlcers are L. L. Adcox, president; Sarah Kesley,
vice president; and Hans Rue, secretary and treasurer. Its equipment includes forty-
eight different motors and to its students it offers ten different courses.

In 1913 Mr. Adcox was united in marriage to Miss Mary Kesley, of Canada, and
they have a large circle of friends in the city, their residence being at No. 58.5 Siski-
you. They are members of the Methodist church and fraternally Mr. Adcox is identi-
fied with the Woodmen of the World. Although yet a young man Mr. Adcox has al-
ready accomplished much and judging from his past achievements his future will be
well worth the watching, for he is at all times actuated by a spirit of energy, progress
and determination that has carried him forward to a substantial point on the highroad
to success.

NORMAN E. IRVINE, M. D.

Dr. Norman E. Irvine, devoting his attention to the practice of medicine and
surgery at Lebanon and at all times keeping in touch with the advanced thought
and methods of the profession, has won well deserved success and prominence. He is
a native son of the state, his birth having occurred at Arlington, September 1, 1892.
His parents, William and Ina Irvine, were natives of Scotland and in 1880 they emi-
grated to America, making their way across the country to Oregon. They located in
Arlington, where the father has continued to reside, being now engaged in the con-
fectionery business. The mother passed away on the 30th of January, 1911.

Their son, Norman E. Irvine, was reared and educated in his native city and after
completing his high school course entered the State University of Oregon as a student
in the medical department, from which he was graduated in 1917 with the M. D. degree.
The following year he served as interne in the Good Samaritan Hospital at Portland
and then came to Lebanon, where he became a partner of Dr. Booth. Although one
of the younger members of the profession Dr. Irvine has already gained a position of
prominence in medical circles and his colleagues and contemporaries speak of him in
terms of high regard, recognizing his skill and ability, which he is constantly pro-
moting by wide reading and study.

On the 26th of June, 1920, Dr. Irvine was united in marriage to Miss Eve S. Flood
and they have made many friends in the city. Dr. Irvine is a republican in his politi-
cal views and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Episcopal
church. He has attained high rank in the Masonic order, belonging to the Scottish
Rite Consistory and to the Shrine. He is also identified with the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks and his professional connections are with the Oregon State and Central
Willamette Medical Societies. During the World war Dr. Irvine gave proof of his
loyalty and public-spirited devotion to his country by his enlistment in the United
States navy on the 11th of December, 1917. He was stationed at Portland as a member
of the Reserve Force of the navy and was discharged on the 13th of December, 1918, at
the close of a year's service. Dr. Irvine is a young man of energy and determination,
and actuated by a laudable ambition he is advancing steadily in one of the highest and
most ennobling professions In which mankind can engage.

MAJOR F. G. ANDREAE.

Major F. G. Andreae, director of the Spaulding Logging Company of Salem, is also
prominently identified with paper manufacturing interests of the northwest as secre-
tary of the California-Oregon Paper Mills of Los Angeles, California, and director of
the Oregon Pulp & Paper Company. He earned his title in the World war, in which
as a member of the Royal Naval Air Service he rendered important and valuable
service to the allied forces, serving throughout the period of that tremendous conflict.

HISTORY OF OREGON 503

Major Andreae is a native of England. He was born in London, May 9, 1887, and
there acquired liis education, taking up the study of mechanical engineering. He
was for two and a half years a student in a technical college at Karlsruhe, Germany,
after which he spent three years in training in the London & Southwestern Railway
Shops and also a year in the Birmingham Small Arms factory. He thus acquired a
thorough knowledge of mechanical engineering and in 1909 and 1910 engaged in air-
plane work in association with his cousin, H. P. Martin, the enterprise with which
he was at that time connected now being known as the Martinsyde Air Craft Company.
During the period of the war this corporation was active in constructing many air-
planes for the British government. In 1910 Major Andreae was sent to Canada by
a large banking firm in London with which his uncle is connected, to look after thei'-
interests in an extensive sawmill at Ocean Falls, British Columbia, which they were
financing. This plant has since been transformed into the Crown Willamette Paper
Mills, the largest enterprise of the kind, on the Pacific coast, in which Frederick W.
Leadbetter, the father-in-law of the subject of this review, is heavily interested. In
the early part of 1913 Major Andreae returned to England and took up flying — a sport
which made a strong appeal to him. In the spring of 1914 he again came to America
and traveled throughout the southern states and as far north as Vancouver, British
Columbia. During this time the World war broke out and while on his way back to
England he passed through Portland, Oregon, where he met Miss Georgiana Leadbetter,
to whom he became engaged. Following his arrival in England he obtained a com-
mission in the Royal Naval Air Service on the 2d of November, 1914, and on the 1st
of February, 1915, went to Prance, where he was in the air, service until September,
1919, winning promotion from sub-lieutenant to the rank of major. At the close of
the war Major Andreae returned to the United States, and taking up the pursuits of
civil life, he is now serving as a director of the Spaulding Logging Company of Salem,
Oregon, and also of the Oregon Pulp & Paper Company and he likewise acts as secre-
tary of the California-Oregon Paper Mills of Los Angeles.

On the 29th of May, 1915, while engaged in war service, Major Andreae was united
in marriage to Miss Georgiana Leadbetter, a daughter of Frederick W. Leadbetter, a
prominent capitalist of the northwest and a leading citizen of Portland. They have
become the parents of two children: Henry Frederick and Christopher John Strathern,
aged respectively five and four years. Mrs. Andreae went to London in November,
1914, and became a Red Cross nurse and it was while serving in that capacity that
she married Major Andreae. They reside in Salem and spend much of their leisure
time in the open, being exceptionally fond of sailing. Major Andreae is a patron of
the various sports and is a true sportsman, being a good loser as well as a good
winner. While his life in the aviation service was an extremely dangerous one he
found the game most fascinating, requiring a cool head, quick wit and courage of a
high order, and it is difficult for him to content himself with the prosaic duties of
every-day life. As a business man, however, he is thoroughly competent and reliable,
wisely directing the extensive and important interests under his charge, and his efforts
have met with a substantial measure of success. He possesses a most attractive person-
ality and is a man of high principles and substantial worth, whom to know is to
and admire.

CHARLES P. BISHOP.

Charles P. Bisliop, a leading merchant of Salem, is conducting one of the largest
retail enterprises in men's furnishings in the state, outside of Portland, and as the
manufacturer of the famous Pendleton Indian blanket is widely known throughout the
United States. He is alert and energetic in the conduct of his commercial interests and
his thorough reliability as well as his industry constitutes an important feature in
his growing success.

Mr. Bishop is the son of W. R. Bishop, who was born in Carroll county, Indiana,
in 1826 and in 1836, when ten years of age, went to McLean county, Illinois. The year
1850 witnessed the arrival of W. R. Bishop in California, where he followed various
occupations, engaging in mining and teaching and also in preaching the gospel. While
residing in that state he was married in 1853 to Elizabeth J. Adams, a native of Missouri,
and in January, 1856, they made their way to Oregon, settling on a one hundred and
sixty-acre tract of land four miles east of Lebanon. There they resided for six years

504 HISTORY OF OREGON

and then took up their home on the Calapooya river, remaining until 1873, when they
went to Brownsville, there spending six years. On the expiration of that period they
removed to Portland, where the father lived retired until his death in 1913. He had
survived his wife for one year, her demise having occurred in 1912.

Their son, Charles P. Bishop, was the eldest in a family of seven children. After
completing his education he entered commercial life as a bookkeeper at Brownsville,
serving in that capacity from 1879 until the late '80s. In 1889 he established himself
in business independently, organizing, in association with the late Thomas Kay, the
Thomas Kay Woolen Mill Company in Salem. In 1891 Mr. Bishop acquired the cloth-
ing business known as the Salem Woolen Mills Store in Salem, and from a modest
beginning he has gradually extended his operations from year to year until he is now
at the head of one of the largest retail enterprises of the kind in the state, outside
of the city of Portland. He deals in men's furnishings, handling the best the market
affords in the line of men's wearing apparel, and his progressive business methods,
reliable dealing, reasonable prices and courteous treatment of patrons have secured
for him a large and constantly growing patronage. He has a thorough understanding
of the principles of merchandising and a keen insight into business conditions and
is maintaining a high degree of efficiency in the operation of his interests. In 1909, in
association with his sons, C. M. and R. T. Bishop, he purchased the machinery of the
Pendleton Woolen Mills and erected a new building, in which he installed the machin-
ery he had purchased and also additional equipment. He thus became the owner of a
thoroughly modern and well equipped plant and in 1910 began the manufacture of the
now' famous Pendleton Indian blanket, which is sold throughout the United States.
He displays sound judgment in the conduct of his affairs and by reason of his enter-
prise and diligence has won a substantial measure of success.

In 1876 Mr. Bishop was united in marriage to Miss Fanny Kay, a daughter of
Thomas Kay, who was a prominent manufacturer of Salem, and they have become
the parents of three sons: Clarence M., Roy T. and Robert Chauncey. They are enter-
prising and progressive busipess men who have inherited much of their father's execu-
tive ability and sound judgment. Roy T. Bishop was the organizer and is now the
manager of the Oregon Worsted Company at Sellwood, Oregon, engaged in the manu-
facture of worsted yarns and suitings on an extensive scale. The sons purchased the
Washougal Woolen Mills in Washington, which they are now operating, and they are
conducting a shirt and woolen hosiery factory at Vancouver, Washington. They also
purchased the Eureka Woolen Mills of California and their interests are most extensive
and important, the family occupying a leading place in woolen manufacturing circles
of the Pacific northwest.

Charles P. Bishop has gained prominence in public affairs and for three terms
was mayor of Salem, giving to the city a businesslike and progressive administration,
which proved most beneficial in its effects. In 1907 Mr. and Mrs. Bishop made an
extended trip abroad, visiting many European points of interest and returning to this
country in 1908. In his business he has made steady progress, his capable management
and indefatigable industry constituting the basis upon which he has builded his pros-
perity. His record measures up to the full standard of honorable manhood and those
who know him recognize in him a citizen whose loyalty to the public welfare has
never been questioned, while his integrity and honor in private affairs are matters
familiar to all with whom he has been associated.

ROBERT COPPOCK.

Since 1910 Robert Coppock has been residing retired in Athena. For many years
he engaged in farming in Umatilla county and is now enjoying the fruits of his dili-
gence and industry. Like many of Oregon's most prominent and successful men he
is a son by adoption, his birth having occurred in Henry county, Iowa, on the 2d
of April, 1844. His parents were Aaron and Mary (Ratcliff) Coppock. In 1S49 Aaron
Coppock left Iowa and started for California in ox drawn wagons. After establishing
himself temporarily in that state he sent for his wife and family and in 1852 they
were preparing to join him but before they started he was killed in the mines. It was
said that the father was killed by some men in the mines, their object being to get
his money. The family then came direct to Oregon, and the winter of 1852-3 was
spent in Oregon City. In the spring of the following year the mother and children

ROBERT COPPOCK

HISTORY OF OREGON 507

went up the river to Jackson, thence to Peoria, and spent some time at the home of
Joe Glover. Later Mrs. Coppock took up land in this section but her death occurred
before she had proved up on it.

The boyhood of Robert Coppock was spent in various places, and his education
was obtained whenever the occasion presented itself. In 1855 he removed to Linn
county, and made his home with Alec Brandon, working out on farms and also doing
some carpenter work, which trade he had learned in early youth. In 1861 he made
a trip to the Oro Fino mines near Lewiston, Idaho, and here as a result of his labor
and close application he achieved a substantial amount of success. He soon returned
to Oregon and settled in the Willamette valley and in 1872 he moved onto rented land
near Athena. After operating this land for some time he purchased one hundred and
sixty acres, which he improved and cultivated, raising a most gratifying wheat crop,
which he hauled to Wallowa for sale, it taking three days to make the trip. Success
attended this agricultural venture of Mr. Coppock and he gradually added to his original
tract, purchasing eighty acres of fine improved land and subsequently the farm of
his half brother, A. R. Price, which consisted of two hundred and seventy-five acres.
This land adjoined his original farm and he operated it successfully until 1910, when
he removed to Athena and retired. Here he built a beautiful new home three years
ago and is a prominent and active citizen.

In 1866 occurred the marriage of Mr. Coppock and Miss Emma Whipple, a native
of Pennsylvania. Seven children were born to this union, five of whom are still
living: Mattie, Alfred. Linnie, Arthur, and Prank. Clifford died at the age of four
years and Edith is also deceased. The death of Mrs. Coppock occurred in 1903, when
she was fifty-eight years of age, and was a severe blow to her family and many friends,
for Mrs. Coppock was prominent and active in the club and social circles of Athena
and community.

The political faith of Mr. Coppock is that of the republican party, in the interests of
which he has always taken an active part. He has neither sought nor desired public
office, preferring rather to devote his time to his business interests. There is no
more public-spirited citizen than Mr. Coppock and every movement for the general
good may depend upon his undivided support. Fraternally he is a member of the
Masons and his religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal church.

HON. CHARLES L. McNARY.

The life record of Hon. Charles L. McNary, lawyer, jurist and statesman, is a most
distinguished and creditable one and Oregon may well feel proud to claim him as a
native son. In 1919 he was elected to the United States senate and he brought to this
office ripe experience, abilities of a high order and a keen desire to fulfill his obliga-
tions and discharge his duties with credit to himself and for the highest welfare of
his state and country.

Mr. McNary was born in Marion county, five miles north of Salem, on the 12th
of June, 1874, and is a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of the
state. His grandfither, James McNary, came to Oregon at an early period in its de-
velopment, settling on a tract of land near Milwaukie, in Clackamas county, and
experiencing all of the hardships and privations of pioneer life, including hostile
attacks by the Indians. Hugh L. McNary, the father of the subject of this review, was
a native of Pike county, Illinois, and as a boy crossed the plains to Oregon with his
parents, the family arriving in this state in 1845. During the succeeding ten years
he remained at home, assisting his father in the cultivation and improvement of the
farm. For a time he conducted a brickyard in Oregon City and subsequently went
to Linn county, Oregon, where for several years he engaged in teaching school, also
taking up a donation land claim. At length he came to Marion county, acquiring
a farm near Snlem, on which he resided until 1879, when he moved into the city and
there his demise occurred in 188.3. In 1860 he had wedded Margaret Claggett, a native
of Kentucky, who came to Oregon with her parents in 1852, the family having pre-
viously resided in Missouri. Mrs. McNary passed away in 1878. By her marriage she
had become the mother of ten children, five of whom survive: John H.; Ella, the wife
of W. T. Stolz of the Stolz Vinegar Factor.v of Salem; Mary, who married H. T.
Bruse, a retired farmer; Nina, who resides in Salem with her sister, Mrs. Stolz: and
Charles L., of this review.

508 HISTORY OF OREGON

The last named was reared at home and in the acquirement of his preliminary
education attended the public schools of Salem. After his graduation from the high
school he attended Leland Stanford University at Palo Alto, California. In October,
1898, he established an office in Salem and engaged in general practice with his
brother, John H. McNary, and they soon won a liberal clientage, having charge of
many important litigated interests, which they most successfully defended. Mr.
McNary's knowledge of the law is comprehensive and exact and for two years he
filled the chair of medical jurisprudence in Willamette University, subsequently serv-
ing as dean of the law department of that institution. In 1904 he was called to public
office, being appointed deputy district attorney under his brother, John H. McNary, and
serving in that capacity until January, 1913. His high professional attainments soon
won for him greater honors and on the 1st of June, 1913, he was appointed by Gov-
ernor West to the office of justice of the supreme court of the state of Oregon, and con-
tinued to act in that capacity until the 1st of January, 1915. While upon the bench his
decisions indicated strong mentality, careful analysis, a thorough l^nowledge of the
law and an unbiased judgment. He then resumed the private practice of law in
association with his brother, John H. McNary, with whom he continued until May,
1917, when he was appointed by Governor Withycombe as United States senator to fill
out the unexpired term of the late Senator Harry Lane. In May, 1918, he was nomi-
nated for the office on the republican ticket and in 1919 was elected to the United
States senate for a term of six years, his tenure of office to expire on the 4th of
March, 1925. At the primaries he defeated R. N. Stanfield, who was elected in 1920
over Senator Chamberlain and at the election he defeated Governor West. He at once
took rank with the foremost men in the senate and has won for himself a position
as a statesman of the first rank. His course has at all times commanded public con-
fidence, for he has wisely and conscientiously used the talents with which nature has
endowed him, placing the welfare of the commonwealth and country before personal
aggrandizement or party interests.

In Salem, on the 19th of November, 1902, Mr. McNary was united in marriage to
Miss Jessie Breyman, a native of that city and a daughter of Eugene Breyman, who
was born and reared in Germany. He emigrated to the United States in 1852 and
located in Amity, Polk county, Oregon. He was one of the pioneer merchants of the
Willamette valley and a most capable business man, who met with success in his
undertakings. Mrs. Breyman was in her maidenhood Miss Margaret Skaife of Marion
county. Mrs. McNary died in July, 1918, as the result of an automobile accident,
and her sudden demise came as a great shock to her immediate family and to a large
circle of friends whom she had won, owing to her many fine qualities of heart and
mind.

Mr. McNary has filled all of the chairs in the Masonic fraternity, the Elks and
the Odd Fellows, and is a most worthy exemplar of each order. He has taken an active
interest in all public questions and municipal affairs since attaining his manhood and
can always be depended .upon to champion every movement that tends to promote
public progress and advancement. For two years he was president of the Salem
Board of Trade, assuming the duties of that office in 1909. In the same year he became
one of the organizers of the Salem Fruit Union, of which he served as president for a
considerable period. He is a man of the highest integrity and personal worth and
no public trust reposed in him has ever been betrayed in the slightest degree. His
sympathetic understanding of the perplexing problems of human society, his abiding
sense of justice and his deep insight into the vital relations of our complex civiliza-
tion have already won him the admiration and esteem of the people at large, while
in his own state he enjoys in unusual measure the warm personal regard and friend-
ship of the great majority of those who know him.

His brother, John H. McNary, was born January 31, 1869, and in the public schools
of Salem he acquired his preliminary education, after which he attended the. Univer-
sity of Oregon, being admitted to the bar In 1S94. He at once entered upon the active
practice of his profession and in 1900 was called to public office, being elected county
recorder of Marion county, in which capacity he served until 1902, while from 1898
to 1904 he served as deputy prosecuting attorney of the third judicial district. In
the last named year he was elected prosecuting attorney for that district, which com-
prises Marion, Linn, Polk, Yamhill and Tillamook counties, continuing in that office
until January, 1913, having in the meantime engaged in the private practice of his
profession in connection with his brother, Hon. Charles L. McNary, now serving as
United States senator from Oregon. Mr. McNary's legal learning, his analytical mind.

HISTORY OP OREGON 509

the readiness with which he grasps the points in an argument, all combine to make
him one of the most capable lawyers at the bar of the state and the public and the
profession acknowledge his superior attainments and ability.

In 1893 Mr. McNary was united in marriage to Miss Ester Hall, a daughter of
the late Dr. C. H. Hall, of Salem.

FOLGER JOHNSON.

Folger Johnson, who since 1911 has been one of the leading architects of Portland,
Is a native of the south. He was born in Georgia, a son of Walter H. and Florence
(Verstille) Johnson, and after completing his work in the high school he was graduated
from the Technological Institute of Georgia. He then pursued a scientific course at
Columbia University of New York city and there received the degree of Bachelor of
Architecture. In 1908 he went abroad for further study, becoming a student at L'Ecole
des Beaux Arts, a school of architecture maintained by the French government and
considered the foremost institution of its kind in the world.

In 1910 he returned to the United States and entered an architect's office in New
York city in the capacity of designer. He came to Portland in 1911 and has since re-
mained a resident of this city where he h'^s been awarded many important commis-
sions. Since 1919 he has associated with him two registered architects. The firm
(Johnson, Parker & Wallwork) follows the highest standards of the profession.

Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Edith Waldo of Salem, in 1915. They
have one son, Folger, Junior, aged six years.

In his political views Mr. Johnson is independent, voting for the man whom he
considers best fitted for office without regard to party affiliation. His interest in the
welfare and progress of his city is indicated by his membership in the Chamber of
Commerce, City Club, Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club, Portland Golf and University
Clubs.

Mr. Johnson is also a member of the American Institute of Architects. He holds to
the highest ideals in his architectural work. His thorough training and long experi-
ence well qualify him for the position of prominence which he now occupies in his
chosen field of labor.

His life has been a busy and useful one and his activities have not only resulted
in the attainment of individual success, but also in promoting the material progress
of the city in which he makes his home.

ROBERT K. BURTON.

As president of the First National Bank of Harrisburg, Robert K. Burton Is con-
tributing to the reputation of the institution for substantial qualities' and progressive
methods, and he has won for himself a creditable place among the business men of his
adopted city. He was born in Young America, Carver county, Minnesota, March 5,
1858, a son of John and Elizabeth (Backhus) Burton, natives of Yorkshire, England.
His parents emigrated to the United States in 1848, crossing the ocean in a sailing
vessel. Settling in Wisconsin, they resided for three years in that state and in 1854
went to Minnesota, where the father took up land, which he cultivated and improved,
continuing its operation for many years. He removed to South Dakota in company with
his son, Robert K., with whom he resided the remainder of his life. He was an hon-
ored veteran of the Civil war, enlisting as a member of Company I, Minnesota Heavy
Artillery, with which he served for a year during the later part of the war. His
death occurred in June, 1907, and the mother passed away in November, 1896.

In Carver county, Minnesota, Robert K. Burton was reared and educated and
after completing his studies he engaged in farming in association with his father
until 18S2, when he went to Brown county. South Dakota, and took up land. He also
purchased land and gradually added to his holdings until he became the owner of
thirteen hundred and twenty acres of land. He engaged in the stock business and
for some time devoted his attention to the raising of pure bred Hereford cattle, with
considerable success. In the fall of 1905 he went to California, where he spent a few
months, and then came to Oregon, purchasing land in the vicinity of Harrisburg,

510 HISTORY OF OREGON

which he has since cultivated and improved, now being the owner of four hundred and
thirty-five acres of valuable farming land. He does not reside upon his ranch, however,
but is living in Harrisburg on a nine-acre tract. For the past eight years he has
been identified with financial interests of the city as president of the First National
Bank of Harrisburg, whose substantial growth is attributable in large measure to the
business sagacity, enterprise and close application of Jlr. Burton. The bank is oper-
ated along the most modern and progressive lines and is today recognized as one of
the thoroughly reliable moneyed institutions of this part of the state.

On the 27th of December. 1S94, Mr. Burton was united in marriage to Miss Eliza-
beth Bland, a native of Northamptonshire, England, and having no children of their
own they have reared two children, upon whom they have bestowed their love and
affection.

Mr. Burton gives his political allegiance to the republican party and he is promi-
nent in public affairs of his community, having for the past six years served as mayor
of Harrisburg, in which connection he is giving to the city a most businesslike and
progressive administration. His fraternal connections are with the Ancient Order of
United Workmen and the Modern Woodmen of America, and his religious faith is
indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. He has led an active
and useful life, employing every opportunity to advance, and the years have chronicled
his growing success. He holds to advanced ideals in citizenship and is actuated by a
progressive spirit in business, and his sterling worth is attested by all who know him.

LEVERT V. FLINT, M. D.

Dr. Levert V. Flint, who passed away at Corvallis in November, 1916, at the ad-
vanced age of eighty-seven years and six months, was one of the most successful and
widely known homeopathic physicians and surgeons in this part of the state, having
practiced his profession in Corvallis from 18S6 until failing health caused him to retire.
He was a man of advanced scientific attainments, and in addition to his professional
activity he also engaged to a considerable extent in the money-loaning business, win-
ning a substantial degree of prosperity in his undertakings.

Dr. Flint was a native of the east. He was born in New York state. May 21, 1829,
a son of Cornelius and Eliza Flint, who were born in the Mohawk valley of New York,
and in the Empire state the father devoted his entire life to the occupation of farming.
The son, Levert V. Flint, spent his boyhood upon the home farm and in the schools
of New York state he acquired his education, later taking up the study of medi-
cine. In 1852 he started for California by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He prac-
ticed his profession for some time in that state, where he also engaged in mining, but
later returned to his old home in the east, where for a time he engaged in the practice
of medicine, subsequently removing to Baldwinsville, New York, where for a quarter
of a century he followed his profession and also engaged in the banking business, his
efforts along both lines proving very successful. He again responded to the call of the
west and on the 24th of July, 1886, he arrived in Corvallis, Benton county, purchasing
a home at No. 636 South Third street, where he maintained his office and continued to
practice his profession until his declining health compelled him to retire. He was care-
ful in the diagnosis of his cases and accurate in his application of the principles of
homeopathy. In addition to his professional activity he engaged in the loaning of money
and was also interested in farm lands in Benton county and whatever he undertook he
carried forward to a successful completion, being a man of perseverance and deter-
mination.

Dr. Flint was twice married. On the 11th of January, 1884, he wedded Jessie S.
Pettit, a daughter of Rufus D. and Elvira (McHuron) Pettit, the latter a native of
New York. Her father was an honored veteran of the Mexican and Civil wars, serving
as a captain. For many years he resided on a farm situated three miles from Baldwins-
ville, New York, and subsequently removed to the town, where he spent his remaining
years. By his first marriage Dr. Flint had two sons, namely: Edwin H., who became
a physician and is now deceased; and Harry A., who is a chemist and resides in New
York. During the World war he went to France with the Y. M. C. A., his service in
that connection covering a period of three years.

In political views Dr. Flint was independent, voting for the candidate whom he
deemed best qualified for office without regard to party affiliation. In religious faith

DR. LEVERT V. FLINT

HISTORY OF OREGON 513

he was a Spiritualist, having for over sixty years been an adherent of that belief. For
a quarter of a century he had been a vegetarian, and that he lived wisely and well is
indicated in the fact that he attained the venerable age of eighty-seven years and six
months. Dr. Flint was a man of high professional attainments and his life work was
of worth in the world. He was a lover of his profession, deeply interested in its scien-
tific and humanitarian phases, and througt wide reading and study was constantly
seeking to promote his skill and efficiency. His life at all times measured up to the
highest standards and he ever stood as a man among men, honored and respected for
his sterling worth as well as for his pronounced professional ability. Mrs. Flint is
a lady of culture and refinement and as pastor of the Spiritualist church of Corvallis
she is widely known and highly esteemed.

ROBERT L. RUSSELL.

Robert L. Russell has served as assistant postmaster of Portland since September,
19, 1920, and is most efficiently discharging his duties in this connection. A native of this
state, he was born in Gaston, January 5, 1884, and is a son of Charles H. and Mary F.
(Rolston) Russell. The father was numbered among the pioneer settlers of Oregon,
taking up his residence here in 1873. He was long identified with railroad interests
of the northwest, serving as roadmaster for the Southern Pacific Railroad Company
for a period of twenty-two years. The two children of the family are Robert L., of
this review, and Edna, who married Fred Munroe and resides at Portage, Montana.

After completing his high school education Robert L. Russell pursued a course in
the Portland Business College, taking up the study of accountancy and finance. In
1908 he was appointed clerk in the division' of mails in the Portland post office, and
later transferred to the finance division. Subsequently he was advanced to the posi-
tion of chief clerk in the money order department and still later served as postal
cashier for seven years, his excellent work in that connection leading to his appoint-
ment to the office of assistant postmaster on the 19th of September, 1920. He is
thoroughly familiar with the work that devolves upon him and is proving a most
efficient and capable official.

On the 21st of August, 1907, Mr. Russell was united in marriage to Miss Emma
Woodward of Terre Haute, Indiana, and they have become the parents of a daughter,
Dorothy. Through faithful service, merit and ability Mr. Russell has risen to his
present responsible position and he is a man of worth to the community by reason
of his high principles and many substantial personal qualities.

C. L. WHITNEY, D. 0.

Actuated by laudable ambition, the professional career of Dr. C. L. Whitney of
Portland, has been one of continuous progress and he now ranks with the foremost
osteopaths of the state. He is a lover of his profession, deeply interested in its
scientific and humanitarian phases and he) puts forth every effort to make his labors
effective in checking the ravages of disease. Dr. Whitney is a native of Iowa. He was
born in Cedar Rapids in 1890, a son of F. W. Whitney who for a number of years
engaged in stock raising in Iowa. In 1906 he removed with his family to southern
California, purchasing a fruit ranch, upon which he still resides.

After his graduation from high school C. L. Whitney attended a business college
and subsequently pursued a four years' course in the College of Osteopathic Physicians
& Surgeons at Los Angeles, California. For some time he had suffered from chronic
rheumatism of which he was entirely cured by osteopathic treatment and this led him
to take up the work of the profession, being thoroughly convinced of its efficacy in
the treatment of disease. He practiced his profession in southern California in 1913
and 1914 and in the following year came to Oregon. Since 1915 he has been engaged
in independent practice in Portland, maintaining a well equipped and tastefully ap-
pointed office in the Morgan building. He is thoroughly informed concerning the
scientific principles which underlie the profession of osteopathy and through wide
reading and study he keeps abreast with the advancement that is constantly being
made in his profession, so that he has been most successful in the treatment of dis-
voi. n— 3 3

514 HISTORY OF OREGON

ease. He is now accorded a large patronage and his professional skill and ability
have won for him a place among the leading osteopathic physicians and surgeons of
Oregon.

In his political views Dr. Whitney is al republican, interested in the welfare and
success of the party but not an office seeker. He is a member of the Alberta Com-
mercial Club and fraternally is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Tribe
of Ben Hur. His high professional standing is further indicated in the fact that in
1919 he served as president of the state organization of osteopathic physicians and
surgeons. He has always made his professional duties his first consideration, being
most thorough and conscientious in the performance of the work that devolves upon
him in this connection and is a man of high purposes and ideals whose life work has
been of worth in the world.

RT. REV. ARTHUR C. LANE.

The Rt. Rev. Arthur C. Lane, who since 1905 has had charge of St. Mary's church,
school and hospital at Albany, of which latter institution he was the founder, and
upon whom Pope Benedict XV has bestowed the office of prothonotary apostolic, is a
native son of Oregon, his birth having occurred in Roseburg, August 9, 1S72. He comes
of most distinguished ancestry. His father, Lafayette Lane, was born in Indiana in
1S44 and in 1848 was brought by his parents to this state, the family home being
established in Oregon City. They were numbered among the very early pioneers of
the state and General Joseph Lane, the grandfather of Rev. Arthur C. Lane, became
one of the most prominent men of the state. He had the distinction of being the first
territorial governor of Oregon and was one of the first two senators from Oregon in
the national law-making body at Washington. He likewise gained distinction in mili-
tary affairs, serving with the rank of brigadier general during the Mexican war, in
which connection he rendered most valuable service to the government. At the termi-
nation of the war he returned to Oregon and purchased land in Douglas county, which
he continued to operate for a number of years and then went to Deer Creek. Oregon,
where he bought a large tract of land. This he cultivated and improved, converting
it into a valuable property, upon which he resided for many years, but at length retired
from active life and made his home with his son until his death in June, 1882. His
distinguished services in connection with political and military affairs led to his
selection for the office of vice president of the United States on the democratic ticket,
the presidential nominee being Mr. Breckenridge, but the republican party was vic-
torious, Abraham Lincoln being elected to the presidency. Mr. Lane was one of
Oregon's greatest statesmen and his name will ever be inseparably associated with
the history of the state, which honored itself in honoring him.

His son, Lafayette Lane, was reared and educated in this" state, later pursuing a
law course at Harvard University and completing his professional studies at George-
town University of Washington, D. C. Returning to Oregon, he opened an office at
Umatilla and while there residing was chosen to represent his district In the state
legislature. He received the nomination for a second term but was defeated. He sub-
sequently removed to Roseburg, Oregon, and here continued in practice the remainder
of his life, being accorded a large and representative clientage, which his diligence,
his talents and his solid attainments well merited. His cases were always well pre-
pared, so that he went into court with a clear conception of what he desired to show,
and he always treated his opponents with courtesy, dignity and good nature without
abating in any degree his loyal and enthusiastic zeal for his' client's rights. He was
local counsel for the Southern Pacific Railroad for a number of years and was regarded
as a sound and able lawyer, who ever followed the highest professional standards.
He was likewise called to the office of mayor of Roseburg and gave to the city a most
businesslike and progressive administration. He married Miss Amanda Mann, a native
of Alabama, who passed away February 5, 1902, while his death occurred November 23,
1896.

Their son. Rev. Arthur C. Lane, attended the schools of Roseburg until he reached
the age of eleven years, when he went to Canada and pursued a course in Montreal
College, after which he entered the Grand Seminary at Montreal. He remained for
twelve years as a student at the seminary, there pursuing his studies for the priesthood,
and was ordained on the 5th of August, 1895. He was stationed at the cathedral at

HISTORY OP OREGON 515

Portland for a half year and for a year at St. Mary's Home at Beaverton, Oregon. His
first pastorate was at St. Louis, Oregon, and he was then called to Astoria, where he
remained for three years. The next two years were spent at Jacksonville, Medford and
Ashland, Oregon, and in 1905 he came to Albany, where he has since been stationed,
having charge of St. Mary's church, school and hospital. He has been very active
in missionary work, having opened missions at Jefferson, Mill City, Brownsville, Harris-
burg, Shelburn and Scio. He has received the degrees of A. M. and S. T. L. from
Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Pope Benedict XV has bestowed upon Father Lane
the office of prothonotary apostolic, an ecclesiastical office which carries with it the
title of Monsignor. The honor is said to be held by comparatively few of the priest-
hood in the United States, and is awarded only in recognition of signal service to the
cause of the Roman Catholic church, thus indicating the value of the work which
Father Lane has accomplished in extending the power of the church and spreading the
faith. He is a highly cultured gentleman and a tireless worker, whose efforts have
been far-reaching and effective in promoting the work of the church. He is greatly
beloved by his parishioners, to whom he is ever a sympathetic friend and wise counselor,
guiding them in material affairs as well as in spiritual matters. He is a patriotic
and public-spirited American and during the war with Germany rendered valuable
service to the government by his active support of the Librty Loan, Red Cross and
other drives. In his political views he is a democrat and fraternally is identified with
the Catholic Order of Foresters. He likewise belongs to the Knights of Columbus,
which has an enrollment of one hundred and ten members at Albany.

S. R. HEMPHILL.

Throughout the United States and Canada the Hemphill trade schools are well
and favorably known because of their thorough and comprehensive methods of instruc-
tion. Graduates of these schools are well equipped to take their places in the business
world and many have risen to positions of prominence in industrial circles of the
country. S. R. Hemphill, owner and proprietor of the Hemphill trade school at Port-
land, has been largely instrumental in promoting these institutions throughout the
United States and Canada. He also possesses considerable inventive genius, having
patented many useful articles along electrical lines.

Mr. Hemphill is a son of R. E. and Annie (Edmondson) Hemphill, the former a
native of Pennsylvania, while the latter was born in Canada. The father engaged in
business as a builder and contractor. The family are pioneers in the establishment
of the Hemphill trade schools in the United States and Canada, the first school being
opened at Winnipeg, Canada, in 1905, when S. R. Hemphill was a youth of sixteen
years. The excellent system of training afforded by the schools has won widespread
recognition and they are now conducting these institutions at Winnipeg, Regina,
Saskatoon, Edmonton, Lethbridge, Calgary, Vancouver, Victoria, Toronto and Montreal,
Canada, while in the United States they have established schools at Tacoma, Wash-
ington, Salt Lake City, Utah, Denver, Colorado, Portland, Oregon, Oakland, California,
and Dallas, Texas, and are planning to open several new schools in other American
cities. The work is being ably carried forward by S. R. Hemphill and his six brothers,
T. W. Hemphill being the promoter of the new schools, while R. G. Hemphill is in
charge of the Manitoba district. R. E. Hemphill is president of the Canadian corpora-
tion, Oliver Hemphill is in charge of the California district, Roy Hemphill has Juris-
diction over the British Columbia district and Ralph Hemphill acts as inspector of all
schools, in addition to visiting all competitive institutions in the United States and
Canada. The Hemphill schools are turning out one hundred thousand graduates yearly.
The Portland school, which is in session throughout the entire year, has a capacity
of four hundred students and during the winter months, which is the busiest season,
there is always a large waiting list. Under the able management of S. R. Hemphill
the school at Portland is enjoying a most prosperous existence and its graduates are
much in demand in the business circles of the city, their efficiency and capability com-
manding for them well paying positions. Mr. Hemphill is also the possessor of consid-
erable creative talent and has invented and patented several useful articles along
electrical lines, from the sale of which he receives a substantial addition to his income.

In 1913 Mr. Hemphill was united in marriage to Miss Geneva Killeen of Utica,
New York. He is a prominent Mason," having attained the thirty-second degree in

516 HISTORY OF OREGOX

the York Rite Consistory. He belongs to the Shrine and during the recent convention
of that branch of the order in this city served as chairman of the sports committee.
He is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his interest
in the progress and advancement of his city is indicated by his membership in the
Chamber of Commerce. He is connected with the Ad and Press Clubs of Portland
and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. For recreation he turns
to boating and is the owner of the motor boat Charmalee, which since 1912 has held
the world's record for long distance and durability. As head of the Hemphill trade
school of Portland he is contributing in substantial measure to the industrial develop-
ment of the city and any community is fortunate in having as one of its citizens a
man as upright and as earnest in his endeavors to further the standards of citizenship
as is Mr. Hemphill.

OMAR CLARENCE BROWN.

As a place of residence Douglas county offers manifold advantages and along
educational lines is particularly fortunate, having selected as leader of its school system
Professor Omar Clarence Brown, who is holding the position of county school super-
intendent. He is a native of Douglas county, born on Deer Creek in 1865, a son of
Anderson Hugh and Minerva (Burt) Brown, the former a native of Kentucky who
crossed the plains in 1852 and settled on Deer Creek. His mother. Minerva (Burt)
Brown, is a member of a family which traces its ancestry to Ralph Temple, one of
the Mayflower company who landed at Plymouth Rock in 1620. Her father, Martin
Burt, came to Oregon in 1852 and settled on a farm near Roseburg.

In the acquirement of an education Omar C. Brown attended the country schools of
his native county and in due time was graduated from the Central Oregon State Normal
School at Drain. He then pursued a course in Philomath College and later studied
law at Willamette University. He early took up teaching as a profession and has
made it his life work, first becoming an instructor in the rural schools. He was prin-
cipal of the Wilbur Academy and later vice president of the Central Oregon State
Normal School. Prior to that time he conducted the latter institution in copartnership
with W. C. Hawley, now a member of congress from Oregon, Professor Brown being
connected with the State Normal School for a period of ten years. In 1S93 he was
elected to the Oregon legislature and was chairman of the committee on education and
created the first kindergarten in the state. He also served on the committees on roads
and fisheries. Professor Brown devoted much of his legislative work to the fishing
industry for the benefit of the people. In 1911 he was elected county superintendent
of the Douglas county schools and has been continuously reelected. His work in that
trying office has won him great praise and Douglas county owes to both Professor Brown
and his talented wife a debt of gratitude, for the county has come to be recognized as
the most progressive along educational lines in the state.

In 1895 occurred the marriage of Professor Brown and Miss Ella Hill, a native
of Wilbur, Douglas county, and a daughter of W. G. Hill, who came from his native
state of Missouri to the coast in 1S4S. He was one of a band of plucky pioneers who
went to California before the finding of gold at Suffers Creek. The mother of Mrs.
Brown was a daughter of Dr. Calvin C. Reed, a pioneer physician who established the
first gristmill in Douglas county, near Winchester, and who held many positions of
honor. Dr. Reed was descended from pre-Revolutionary ancestors. At the early age
of fourteen Mrs. Brown became a teacher and has since devoted her talents to that
profession. She has taught in every grade and while an instructor in the city schools
of Roseburg she met and soon afterward became the wife of Professor Brown. Later,
when Professor Brown was a teacher in the State Normal School, she was associated
with him as critic teacher in that institution. In 1918 she was appointed rural super-
visor and under her the rural schools have developed to an amazing extent. She
originated the zone meeting tor teachers, wherein a greater cooperation can be secured,
and it Is notable that; even in the rainy season the attendance at those meetings is as
high as seventy-five per cent. Mrs. Brown has introduced many innovations outside
of mere book learning and her training of teachers and pupils of the rural schools has
taken a wide range. She is an authority on turkey and chicken raising and her articles
on these subjects are eagerly sought after by such institutions as the Agricultural
College aod the. farm magazines. She is the author of a bulletin issued by the Oregon

HISTORY OF OREGON 519

Agricultural College on turkey raising for the use of the boys' and girls' turkey clubs
of the state.

Professor and Mrs. Brown own three hundred and twenty acres of well improved
land. Jhe property has been tiled and is well fenced, there being eight and one-half
miles of Page wire fencing dividing it into convenient lots tor field and pasture. The
land is given over to general farming and fruit and stock raising. Although Professor
Brown gives his allegiance to the republican party, he neither seeks nor desires political
preferment and in Douglas county, where he is now serving as county superintendent
of schools, he has been supported alike by all political parties. During his service
in the legislature he fathered the bills to establish prison schools and improve roads
and highways. Along the line of his profession he is a member of the Oregon County
Superintendents' Association, of which organization he was first president, the Oregon
State Teachers' Association and the National Education Association. At the present
writing (1921) both he and his wife are members of investigating committees of the
Oregon State Teachers' Association. The religious faith of the family is that of the
Methodist Episcopal church, of which organization they are consistent and active mem-
bers. Douglas county is very fortunate in having at the head of her school system two
such capable teachers who love their work for its own sake and devote their lives to
its promotion.

JOHN S. MORRIS.

For many years the life work of John S. Morris was connected with the develop-
ment and growth of Linn county, of which he became a resident in 1855. Here he
became a successful orchardist and for twenty years was identified with mercantile
interests as proprietor of a well appointed drug store and as the years passed acquired
a competence which placed him among the substantial residents of his neighborhood.
In his death the county lost one of its oldest residents and most highly esteemed citi-
zens and a man who was ever ready to give his aid and influence to improvements
which he considered worth while. A native of Missouri, Mr. Morris was born July 19,
1841, and was a son of Daniel and Evelyn (Terry) Morris, both natives of Kentucky.
The parents crossed the plains to Oregon about 1855, settling in Linn county, where
the father took up land one and a half miles from the present site of Scio. This he
cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation for many years. Following the death
of his wife he discontinued his farming operations and removed to Scio, where he
turned his attention to merchandising, establishing a grocery store, which he success-
fully conducted, until he was about seventy-eight years of age, when he retired from
active business pursuits and took up his abode with his son, John S., with whom he
continued to reside until his death at the advanced age of eighty-four years.

John S. Morris pursued his education in the public schools of Scio, having removed
to this section with his parents during his childhood, and after completing his studies
he went to Idaho, where for three or four years he worked in the mines. Returning
to Oregon, he engaged in clerking for several years in Scio, and having become inter-
ested in the drug business he took up the study of pharmacy and in the employ of
D. P. Mason, a pioneer druggist of Albany, he thoroughly acquainted himself with the
trade. At length he acquired sufficient capital to engage in business on his own ac-
count and opened a drug store at Scio, which he continued to conduct for about twenty
years, his progressive business methods and reliable dealing winning for him a large
patronage. Subsequently he was for a time employed in a creamery and then pur-
chased land and engaged in orchardising, specializing in the growing of fine apples.
He devoted about ten years to that business and his energy and enterprise won for
him a substantial measure of success. Animated by the spirit of progress he was ever
ready to try out new methods and thus not only acquired prosperity for himself but
set an example for others well worthy of emulation. He afterward lived retired until
his demise, being obliged to abandon his work as an orchardist, owing to 111 health.

On the 23d of December, 1867, Mr. Morris was united in marriage to Miss Sarah
Queener, who was born in Gentry county, Missouri, March 26, 1849, a daughter of
Andrew Jackson and Elizabeth (Whitten) Queener, natives of Tennessee. In an early
day her parents removed westward to Missouri, in which state the father engaged in
farming until 1865, when he crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in Linn county, and
there for some time he operated rented land located about two miles from Scio. Sub-

520 HISTORY OP OREGON

sequently he purchased land near Stayton, in Linn county, and this he continued to
cultivate during the remainder of his life. He passed away in 1879 at the age of
seventy-nine years, and the mother died in 1S85, when eighty-four years of age. They
were well known and highly respected residents of their community. To Mr. and
Mrs. Morris were born ten children, namely: Addie, who married M. M. Peery and
resides at Springfield, Oregon; Emma, the wife of Owen B. Cyrus of Scio; Frank, a
resident of Portland, Oregon; Fred, who died in Alaska in 1S84; May, the wife of Dr.
Lowell M. Jones of Portland; Anna, who married Herman Eckhardt and resides in
Scio; Ollie, the wife of P. H. McDonald, also of Scio; and Bessie, Dean and Rollie, who
are yet at home.

In his political views Mr. Morris was a democrat and for several years he served
as postmaster of Scio, discharging the duties of that office in a most prompt and
capable manner. His fraternal connections were with the Masons and the Ancient
Order of United Workmen, and in religious faith he was a Presbyterian. He was an
active worker in the Sunday school and for twelve years served as its superintendent,
doing everything in his power to promote the work of the church and advance its
influence. He passed away September 30, 1908, at the age o£ sixty-seven years, his
death being most keenly felt by a large circle of friends and irreparably by his family,
in whose welfare he took the keenest interest, putting forth every effort to promote
their happiness and comfort. His record was at all times a most creditable one, for
his entire career was actuated by progressiveness and dominated by a spirit of fair
dealing. Throughout the period of his residence in Linn county, covering a half
century, he took a most helpful and active part in the work of progress and improve-
ment and he was a man of sterling worth who in every relation of life exemplified
the highest standards of manhood and citizenship. Since her husband's death Mrs.
Morris has built a fine modern home in Scio and she is a capable business woman,
well able to take care of the financial end of her affairs. She has many friends in
the county, all of whom speak highly of her because of the womanly qualities which
she has ever displayed.

JOEL C. BOOTH, M. D.

Dr. Joel C. Booth, whose scientific skill and ready sympathy have endeared him
to the hearts of his fellowmen and made him the loved family physician in many a
household in Lebanon and throughout the surrounding country, was born in Newton,
Iowa. July 22, 1872, a son of Jackson and Polly Ann (Hammer) Booth, natives of Ten-
nessee. The father, who followed farming in his native state, went west to Iowa in
1850 and in Jasper county, that state, he took up land, which he developed and im-
proved, continuing its cultivation for a period of fifty-three years. He then went to
Oklahoma and for four years was a resident of that state. In 1906 he came to Oregon,
settling in Linn county, where he resided until a short time previous to his death,
which occurred in September, 1910, while he was making a trip to San Jose. California.
He had long survived the mother, who passed away in Iowa, August 29, 1874.

Joel C. Booth pursued his education in the public schools of Iowa, later becoming
a student in Hazeldell Academy, at Newton, Iowa. Subsequently he entered the normal
school at Newton, Iowa, and afterward pursued a three years' course in the State
Agricultural College at Ames, Iowa. In 1896 he came to this state and entered the
senior class of the University of Oregon, with which he was graduated in 1S9S. Filled
with the spirit of patriotism, he enlisted in, April, 1898, as a member of the Second
Oregon Volunteers and served throughout the entire period of the Spanish-American
war. After receiving his discharge from the service he entered the College of Physi-
cians & Surgeons at San Francisco, from which he was graduated with the class of
1900, at which time the degree of M. D. was conferred upon him. In 1905, seeking to
advance still further in his profession, Dr. Booth completed six hundred hours of
research work, in recognition of which the Master's degree was conferred upon him
by the State University of Oregon. In 1900 he had opened an oflSce in Lebanon and
has since engaged in practice in this city, now e'njoying an extensive practice, which
Indicates his high professional standing and the confidence reposed in his skill and effi-
ciency. During the World war Dr. Booth enlisted for service and was called April 15,
1918. He was commissioned captain in the Medical Corps and was sent in turn to
Fort Warden, Fort Flagler and Fort Casey, Washington, then to Astoria, and Fort

HISTORY OF OREGON 521

Stevens, Oregon. At Fort Stevens he was assigned to the Twenty-seventh C. A. C. and
sent to Camp Eustis, Virginia. He was mustered out o£ the service at Camp Lewis,
Washington, January 2, 1919. Dr. Booth has at all times kept in close touch with the
trend of modern professional thought and investigation through his wide reading and
study and in his practice has ever held to the highest ethical standards. His life is
actuated by high and honorable principles and his course has ever been directed
along lines which command the respect and confidence of his fellowmen and his col-
leagues and contemporaries in the profession.

E. A. FEARING, JB.

One of the enterprising, progressive business men of Portland is E. A. Fearing, Jr.,
who since 1915 has been proprietor of the City Garage. He is a son of E. A. and Anna
M. (White) Fearing and after completing the work of the high school he pursued
a course in the Portland Business College. In 1915 he established his present business
in the Elks' Club building at No. 132 Twelfth street, where he occupies two floors
fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions, with a storage capacity of seventy-five cars.
The City Garage is well and favorably known for the excellent service rendered its
patrons and its business is enjoying a steady and healthful growth.

In his political views Mr. Fearing is a republican, interested in the welfare and
success of the party. He is a member of the Portland Garage Men's Association and
fraternally is identified with the Knights of the Maccabees and the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks. He stands high in business circles of Portland and is a public-
spirited citizen whose substantial qualities have gained for him the high regard and
esteem of a large circle of friends.

FRED S. MOODY.

Fred S. Moody, proprietor of a garage at Harrisburg and also Identified with farm-
ing interests in the locality, was born in Clements, Kansas, April 2, 1882, of the mar-
riage of C. N. and Cora L. (Munn) Moody, natives of Pennsylvania. About 1870 the
father removed to the west, purchasing land in Kansas which he brought under a good
state of cultivation. He continued to operate his ranch for many years and then
turned his attention to merchandising, opening a hardware establishment at Clements,
Kansas, which he conducted for some time and then resumed his farming operations.
In 1902 he left the Sunfiower state and came to Oregon, locating at Yoncalla, where
he purchased a ranch which he continued to operate for awhile and then traded his
land for a mercantile business. This he conducted until 1912 and then removed to
Harrisburg, where he is now residing, having retired from active business life. The
mother also survives.

Fred S. Moody was reared and educated in Clements, Kansas, and after complet-
ing his studies he became associated with his father in merchandising and farming,
this relationship existing until the latter's retirement. In 1912 they removed to Harris-
burg and purchased an interest in a mercantile establishment conducted by Shisler &
Son, and under the firm style of Shisler & Moody they continued to operate until 1915
at which time the partnership was dissolved, and the firm became Moody & Moody,
successfully conducting a general merchandise business until 1916, when they traded
their store for a ranch. This he operated until 1918 and then sold, to engage in the
garage business at Harrisburg, in which he has continued. He handles automobile
accessories and also does a general repair business and is meeting with substantial
success in his undertaking, having built up a good trade owing to the excellent service
which he renders patrons. He also has ranch interests which he leases, this being
likewise a profitable source of income. He is alert and energtic and his honorable
methods and square dealing have won for him the confidence of all who have had
business dealings with him.

On the 6th of January, 1908, Mr. Moody was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth
Born and they have become the parents of two children: Mildred C, who was born
January 31, 1909; and Harold C, born February 8, 1911.

In his political views Mr. Moody is independent, and fraternally he is identified

522 HISTORY OF OREGON

with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His activity, close application and sound
judgment have proven potent elements in his success and he is now proprietor of one
of the progressive business enterprises of Harrisburg, where his many admirable traits
of character have gained for him a large circle of friends.

EDWARD A. LYTLE.

Edward A. Lytle, now a resident of Alpine, Benton county, but formerly prominently
Identified with business interests of Harrisburg, Linn county, as a live stock buyer and
skipper and proprietor of a pool and billiard hall, is a native son of Oregon, his birth
having occurred in Crook county, October 2, 1S82. He is a son of Andy and Sarah
Lytle, the former of whom was born in Ohio and the latter in Pennyslvania. The
father crossed the plains to Oregon in an early day, becoming one of the pioneer settlers
of the state. He experienced all of the hardships and privations of those early days
and participated in the Indian wars, becoming familiar with every phase of pioneer
life. In Crook county he purchased land, which by arduous toil he developed and im-
proved, and he also engaged in stock raising, continuing active along those lines
throughout the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1895, when he was sixty-ont
years of age. The mother survives and now resides in Turner, Oregon. Her parents,
Samuel and Mary Ramp were also numbered among the early settlers of Oregon, the
father taking up land in Marion county. In the conduct of his business affairs he was
very successful and became one of the substantial agriculturists of his community. He
passed away when about ninety years of age and was survived by his widow, who also
reached a very advanced age and was a woman of unusual mental and physical vigor,
attending to the management of her extensive interests, which were valued at about
three hundred thousand dollars, up to the time of her death.

Edward A. Lytle pursued his education in the public schools of Eugene, to which
city his mother had gone in order to educate her children. After completing his
studies he rode the range for three years in eastern Oregon and then went to Marion
county, where for four years he engaged in farming. Prom there he removed to Linn
county and erecting a good store building in Shedd. he therein established a butchering
business and also engaged in the manufacture of ice, conducting his interests at that
point for a period of five years. While still a resident of Shedd he became connected
with the business interests of Harrisburg, where he purchased a shop in which he
installed an ice plant. On severing his business connections with Shedd he also dis-
posed of his ice plant at Harrisburg and purchased a fine pool and billiard hall at
the latter place, which he successfully conducted. He is engaged in buying and ship-
ping all kinds of fine stock, his shipments being made to Portland. He is also a stock-
holder in the Harrisburg Lumber Company and has farming interests at Turner,
Oregon.

On the 15th of January, 1904, Mr. Lytle was united in marriage to Miss Edna B.
Wimouth and they have become the parents of two children: Wister E. and Alpha B.
In his political views Mr. Lytle is a republican and his wife is a member of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church. His fraternal connections are with the Masons, the Woodmen
of the World and the Eastern Star. Mr. Lytle is a successful business man, diligent
and determined in all he has undertaken, and his enterprise and perseverance have
brought to him a most gratifying measure of success, placing him among the
business men of his community.

TRACY STAATS.

One of the progressive business enterprises of Dallas is the Craven Hardware
Company, of which Tracy Staats is the secretary-treasurer. He has earned for himself
an enviable reputation as a careful man of business and in his dealings is known for
his honorable methods, which have won for him the deserved and unbounded con-
fidence of his fellowmen. Mr. Staats is a native of this state. He was born at Airlie,
Polk county, February 11, 1874, and is a son of Henry D. and Mary E. (Zumwalt)
Staats, also natives of this county. The paternal grandfather, Isaac Staats, came to
Oregon in 1845, taking up a donation claim near the present site of Airlie. and this

HISTORY OF OREGON 523

he cleared and developed, continuing active in its cultivation throughout the remainder
of his life. Through his careful and Judicious management of his farming interests he
won a gratifying measure of success and became one of the substantial and prominent
residents of his community, serving as postmaster and justice of the peace at Airlie
and also as a member of the territorial legislature of Oregon. His son, Henry D. Staats,
was reared and educated in Polk county and on attaining his majority engaged in
agricultural pursuits, purchasing land near Lewisville, which for many years he con-
tinued to cultivate, but at length took up his residence in Dallas, where he lived retired
until his demise in May, 1919, at the age ofl sixty-nine years. The mother, who had
come to this state with her parents in 1846, is also deceased.

Tracy Staats was reared in Polk county, attending the public schools of Lewisville
and later pursuing a course of study In the normal school at Monmouth, after which
he successfully engaged in teaching in Polk county for a period of seven years. He
then became deputy county assessor, serving for four years, for two years was deputy
sheriff, and for four years discharged the duties of county treasurer, making a most
creditable record as a public official. In November, 1913, he purchased a half interest
in the Craven Hardware Company and has since been thus connected, now serving as
secretary-treasurer of the concern. They carry a large and attractive line of shelf and
heavy hardware and also deal in farm implements, and their progressive methods,
resonable prices and courteous treatment of patrons have won for them a large patron-
age. Mr. Staats also has made profitable investments in farm lands in Polk county
and in the control of his business interests he displays marked ability and energy.

In March, 1906, Mr. Staats was united in marriage to Miss Eloise S. Phillips and
they have become the parents of four children, namely: Howard D., Phillip, Margaret
and Mary E. He is a democrat in his political views and prominent in the councils
of the party, now serving as a member of the county central committee. He has been
called to a number of public offices of trust and responsibility, serving for several years
on the city council and for two terms as mayor. He is much Interested in the cause
of education and for a number of years has been clerk of the school board, doing
everything in his power to advance the standards of the schools. Mrs. Staats is a
member of the Evangelical church and her life is guided by its teachings. Fraternally
Mr. Staats is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and
the Woodmen of the World. He is a typical western man, wide-awake, alert and enter-
prising, and his sound Judgment and keen discernment have made him one of the
forceful factors in business circles of Dallas. His life has ever been actuated by high
and honorable principles and he is loyal to all those interests which make for hon-
orable manhood and progressive citizenship.

SIDNEY C. CATCHING.

One of the most modernly appointed and popular hostelries in the state is the
Caples hotel, of which Sidney C. Catching is the owner and manager. A model hotel
in its intricate operations is a mammoth undertaking when run successfully and no
one can question the administrative ability of Mr. Catching, who operates his smoothly
running enterprise without noise or confusion, utilizing the most modern and pro-
gressive methods of inn-keeping. He is a native of this state and a representative
of one of its honored pioneer families. He was born on a farm near Forest Grove,
in Washington county, on the 28th of October, 1865, a son of John S. and Rhoda (Lev-
erich) Catching, the latter of whom crossed the plains from Indiana to Oregon with
her parents in 1S52. She is still living and resides in Portland, but the father passed
away in Douglas county, Oregon, in 1889. The paternal grandfather, William W.
Catching, emigrated from Missouri to Oregon in 1845, at which time his son, John S.
Catching, was but five years old, the family home being established on a farm in
Washington county. They were numbered among the very early pioneer settlers of
the state, who through their labors made possible that superior civilization which is
now one of the characteristics of the commonwealth. Braving the dangers of the
west, the perils from wild animals and the even more savage Indians, they devoted
their lives to the redemption of the Pacific coast region, counting no sacrifice too
great that was made for the benefit of their home locality. To Mr. and Mrs. John S.
Catching were born six children, of whom the subject of this review is the eldest.

524 HISTORY OF OREGON

He has two sisters and two brothers residing in Portland and another brother liv-
ing at Jervis, Marion county, Oregon.

Sidney S. Catching attended the district schools, after which he became a student
at the Portland Business College, completing his course by graduation. On starting
out in the world of commerce he took up the fire insurance business and was iden-
tified with Eugene D. White for a period of fourteen years. In 1898 he accepted a
position as bookkeeper with the Merchants National Bank of Portland, winning pro-
motion to the office of assistant cashier. He remained with that institution for seven-
teen years and in 1915 went to Sherwood, Oregon, where for about a year he was en-
gaged in business. He then disposed of his interests in that locality and returned
to Portland, purchasing the Caples hotel, which he has since owned and operated. Of
a genial, pleasing personality, nature seems to have intended him for his present
calling and he has made the Caples hotel one of the most popular hostelries in the
state, noted for its warm-hearted hospitality and homelike appearance. He possesses
a shrewd and discriminating mind and a capacity for detail, combined with an
economic knowledge of modern food values and a specialized grasp of the art of hotel-
keeping which amounts almost to an inborn talent. The hotel is most modern in its
equipment, its appointments are of the best, showing rare taste and refinement in
the selection of the furnishings, and a homelike air of comfort pervades the place.
The service here afforded is first-class in every particular, the cuisine being espe-
cially popular with the traveling public. The hotel is situated in a quiet, exclusive
neighborhood, yet conveniently located near the heart of the city, and its patronage
is deservedly large.

In 1888 Mr. Catching was married in Portland to Miss Ida N. Her, a daughter
of David C. Her, a resident of Clackamas county, Oregon. In his political views Mr.
Catching is a republican and fraternally he is a Mason, belonging to Washington
Lodge, No. 46, of Portland and also to the Odd Fellows lodge of this city. During
the World war he took a prominent part in promoting the various Liberty Loan
drives and his loyalty and patriotism have never been questioned. Through con-
centrated effort and close application he has won success and as the owner and
manager of one of the city's leading hostelries he is contributing in substantial
measure to the prestige and business development of Portland. He is widely and
favorably known throughout the Pacific northwest and many are proud to call him
friend, for he is a man whom to know is to esteem and to admire.

BERNARD ALBERS.

The career of Bernard Albers, former president of the Albers Brothers Milling
Company and proprietor of the United States Mills of Portland, was from many stand-
points a remarkable one. A few years after holding an obscure position in a local feed
mill he had risen solely through his own unaided effort to a place of responsibility and
trust in the industrial world and at the time of his death ranked as one of the success-
ful and most enterprising business men in his line of trade in the northwest. He was
likewise recognized as an unexcelled expert in the milling business.

Mr. Albers was born in Lingen, Germany, in the principality of Hanover, March
6, 1864, and was the eldest of nine children born to John Herman and Theresa (Voss)
Albers, both also natives of Hanover, Germany. John Herman Albers was a grain
merchant in Lingen for many years. He came to Portland in 1S96 and here died the
following year. His wife, whose father was a miller, died in her native land..

Bernard Albers after becoming established in the milling business took in several
of his brothers, but it is a well known fact that Bernard was the organizer and leading
figure in the enterprises that he fathered and promoted. After graduating from the
gymnasium at Lingen, Mr. Albers familiarized himself with the grain business con-
ducted by his father; and the thorough training received under this experienced mer-
chant was undoubtedly responsible to a large degree for the success which rewarded
his mature efforts.

In 1887 Mr. Albers came to America and for two years was employed by the firm
of Hulman & Company, wholesale grocers in Terre Haute. Indiana. In 1889 he came
to Portland and for four years was employed by the feed concern of. Rogge & Storp.
In this connection he established a foothold in the business world of Portland and in
1893 inaugurated an independent business as head of the firm of Albers & Tuke. This

BERNARD ALBERS

HISTORY OF OREGON 527

business was begun on modest lines and scarcely prophesied the immense cereal busi-
ness done by the firm of which Mr. Albers was the active head.

The increase in trade was such that in order to meet the requirements for the
growing demand for their products new quarters were soon found necessary. So in
1898 Mr. Albers built a commodious milling establishment at the corner of Front and
Main streets, called the United States Mills, and in 1899 added to his responsibilities
by the purchase of the Merchant Roller Mills, which he utilized for the manufacture
of rolled oats and other cereals. Later purchase was made of the Peerless Pure Food
Company plant, which was dismantled and consolidated with the above mills. An im-
portant adjunct to that business was the feed and hay enterprise located at Front and
Lovejoy streets, with warehouse and splendid shipping facilities, including a dock one
hundred and fifty by two hundred and sixty-five feet in dimensions. The hay business
proved a source of large revenue and a hay compressor turned out an average of one
hundred tons per day. The firm had the government contract for all shipments of hay
to the Philippine Islands during the war with Spain and in 1901 shipped for the govern-
ment to these islands thirteen thousand tons. The local hay establishment was aug-
mented by a hay compress plant at Forest Grove, established by Mr. Albers in 1900,
which had a capacity of two hundred tons per day.

The Albers & Schneider Company was incorporated in 1S95, with Mr. Albers as
president and manager. The enormous cereal output which was developed under the
capable management of the head of the concern permitted of shipments to all parts
of the east as well as the intermountain Pacific states and British Columbia. The United
States Mills had a capacity of two hundred barrels of rolled oats and one hundred
barrels of other cereals daily. The Cascade Cereal Company of Tacoma, of which Mr.
Albers was president and held the controlling interest, produced one hundred and fifty
barrels of rolled oats and one hundred and twenty-five barrels of flour daily. The
Seattle Cereal Company, in which Mr. Albers held the controlling interest, had a capacity
of two hundred barrels of rolled oats per day. These great concerns, all developed and
brought to their high standard of efficiency under the guiding hand of one man, illus-
trate what is possible where there is a willingness to labor and deal fairly with your
fellowman.

Mr. Albers had no extraordinary advantage, coming to America without means,
but had the qualities that make for success everywhere — honor, honesty and ambition.
On March 1, 1903, the concern of which he was head was re-incorporated under the
name of Albers Brothers Milling Company.

Mr. Albers first married Herminie Sommer and to them were born three daugh-
ters: Agnes, now Mrs. Daniel P. Hogan; Theresa; and Herminie. He was married
the second time in April, 1902, to Miss Ida Wascher, daughter of William and' Marie
Wascher, and of this marriage three children were born, namely: Bernard and Alfred,
students in the Columbia University; and Ernest. Mrs. Albers had five nephews in
the World war, one being killed in action.

Mr. Albers was a representative of the best citizenship of Portland— a striking type
of the self-made man. He was a thorough believer in his adopted country and its laws
and customs and in the great northwest he found opportunity for the display of his
talents and the results were the attainment of a splendid success. He passed to the
great beyond March 4, 1908, leaving to his ■widow and children not only worldly means
but an untarnished name.

FRED HIRAM MILLS.

For nearly thirty years Fred Hiram Mills has been practicing law in Klamath
Falls. He is thoroughly familiar with every phase of his profession, having devoted
practically his entire life to this line of activity, and closely studies all points relative
to the litigated interests under his direction, his deductions being at all times logical
and his reasoning sound and convincing. A native of Michigan, his birth occurred
in that state in 1865, a son of Hiram Wallace and Sarah (Robinson) Mills. The
Mills family became residents of New York state prior to the Revolutionary war and
they were also among the early pioneers of Ohio. Hiram W. Wallace located in
Michigan in 1828. and there engaged in the stock business, becoming prominently
known in that connection throughout the state. At a later day he moved to Call-

528 HISTORY OF OREGON

fornia and Fred Hiram, whose name initiates tliis review, returned to Michigan to
make his home with his grandparents.

Fred Hiram Mills received his education in the Michigan schools and in due
time entered Ann Arbor University, from which he was graduated in 1889. The fol-
lowing year he located in Klamath Falls, established offices for the practice of the
legal profession, and has been active in that connection for nearly thirty years.
In the year of graduation he was aUmitted to the bar of Michigan and the follow-
ing year to the Oregon bar, in 1904 to the district courts and in 1909 to the court of
appeals. He occupies a high place at the Oregon bar and a brother lawyer says of
him: "His mental eye is clear and accurate. He has a faculty for sifting the true
and real from the false and his mind always goes to the gist of the question."

In 1900 Mr. Mills was united in marriage to Miss Mattie E. Lee. a daughter of
J. P. Lee of Columbia county, Tennessee. Her parents located in Klamath county In
1887 and her father passed away in Klamath Palls in March, 1921. Mr. Lee was well
known throughout the county which he had served for over seventeen years as
county assessor and his death left a void in the community which it will be hard to
fill.

Mr. Mills gives his political allegiance to the republican party but has never
desired political preferment as a reward for party fealty. Mr. Mills is a very success-
ful lawyer, having early manifested ability in solving intricate legal problems, and
he has remained a close student of the principles of jurisprudence. He is enjoying
an excellent practice and is being retained in the larger and more important cases
in the courts of the state and the federal courts.

ALBERT T. HAWES.

One of the leading manufacturing enterprises of Portland is the California Plating
Works, of which Albert T. Hawes is at the head. He is an enterprising young
business man who has devoted his entire life to this branch of activity and is deserv-
ing of much credit for what he has accomplished, for his success is the direct outcome
of his persistency of purpose, undaunted energy and laudable ambition. Mr. Hawes
was born in Toronto, Canada, April 4, 1890, and comes of illustrious English ances-
try, his great-grandfather having at one time served as lord mayor of London. The
Hawes family is an old established one in Canada, representatives of the name
settling in that country at an early period in the history of its development. Mr.
Hawes' paternal grandfather became one of the pioneers of Canada, locating on what
is now the site of the city of Toronto. Disliking the foggy weather prevalent in that
city owing to its location on Toronto bay. an inlet of Lake Ontario, he sold his hold-
ings for a couple of barrels of flour, moving to higher ground, and the property which
he once owned is now worth millions of dollars. His son, Ezekiel Hawes, married
Annie Mary Twydale, a daughter of John Twydale, and they became the parents of
the subject of this review.

In the public schools of his native city Albert T. Hawes pursued his early edu-
cation, leaving Toronto at the age of thirteen years. His first work on starting out
in the business world was in connection with the plating business and he has since
continued along that line of activity, gaining an expert knowledge of the trade. Upon
coming to Portland he entered the employ of the Oregon Plating Works and at the
end of three years purchased the business, with which he has since been connected,
covering a period of fourteen years. He is now conducting his interests under the
name of the California Plating Works and his close application, progressive methods
and reliable dealing have constituted potent elements in the development of his
present extensive patronage. The company employs a large force of skilled artisans
and has won an enviable reputation for the excellence of its output. In addition to
gold, silver, nickel, brass and copper plating it also does galvanizing and brass
polishing for the shipyards and has recently entered upon the manufacture of silver-
ware, the output including fine tea sets, fruit baskets, bread trays, etc., theirs being
the only factory making these articles on the Pacific coast.

On the 25th of August, 1914. Mr. Hawes was united in marriage, to Miss Anna
Fay Haefer, a daughter of John Haefer, one of the pioneer settlers of Washington,
his home being at South Bend. Mrs. Hawes passed away July 12. 1920, leaving a lit-
tle daughter, Emma Maxine, who is now two and a halt years old.

HISTORY OF OREGON 529

In politics Mr. Hawes is independent, voting for the man whom he regards as
best qualified for office without regard to party affiliation and in religious faith he
is a Methodist. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons and he is also a mem-
ber of the Chamber of Commerce, actively supporting the plans and measures of
that body for the development and advancement of the city. He possesses the enter-
prising spirit that has been the dominant factor in the rapid and substantial up-
building of the northwest and quickly recognizing and utilizing the opportunities
which have come to him he has steadily advanced until he now occupies a position of
prominence in manufacturing circles of this section of the country. He is a man
of strict integrity whose business activity has ever balanced up with the principles
of truth and honor and Portland regards him as one of her valued and representative
citizens.

HON. HENRY L. BENSON.

Judge Henry L. Benson since 1915 has occupied the bench of the supreme court.
He was born in' Stockton, California, in 1854, a son of the Rev. Henry C. Benson, a
native of Ohio. The father became a minister of the Methodist church and in 1S52
went to California by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He had married Matilda M.
Williamson, a native of Kentucky, and both passed away at San Jose, California, his
demise occurring in 1897, while his wife was called to her final rest in 1903. They
became the parents of a large family, nine children reaching mature years. Hon.
Frank W. Benson, the brother of the subject of this review, was for many years a lead-
ing figure in public affairs of Oregon, serving as secretary of state and later being
governor.

Henry L. Benson acquired his professional education in the University of the Pacific
at Santa Clara, California, and was admitted to the bar in San Francisco in 1878.
For two years he followed his profession at San Jose and in 1880 came to Douglas
county, Oregon. Locating for practice at Grants Pass in 1892, he there remained until
1898, having in 1896 been elected a member of the state legislature from the first district
and serving during the session of 1897. In the following year he was elected circuit
judge of the first district, which position he filled until 1915, and while residing in
Grants Pass he had been called to the office of district attorney, acting in that capacity
from 1892 until 1896.

In 1876 Judge Benson was united in marriage to Miss Susie E. Dougharty, a
native of Contra Costa county, California, and they have become the parents of five
children.

BENJAMIN F. SWOPE.

Benjamin F. Swope, attorney at law of Independence, Oregon, where since 1909
he has practiced his profession, was born in Nodaway county, Missouri, January 12,
1866, a son of Thomas W. and Helen Swope, the former a native of Kentucky and the
latter of Missouri. The father followed farming in Missouri until 1892, when he re-
moved to the northwest, settling in Clackamas county, Oregon, where he purchased
land in the vicinity of Oregon City. This he cleared and developed, adding many im-
provements thereto and continuing active in its cultivation until his demise in 1910.
The mother's death occurred in Missouri in 1890.

Their son, Benjamin P. Swope, was reared in Missouri and his education was ac-
quired in the public and high schools of Maitland, that state. In 1892, when a young
man of twenty-six years, he accompanied his parents on their removal to Oregon, where
for a time he engaged in teaching school, also following that profession in the state
of Washington. Desirous of becoming a member of the legal fraternity he then entered
the law department of the State University of Oregon and on the 4th of October, 1S9.3,
was admitted to the bar. He first opened an office in Oregon City, where he remained
for four years and then removed to Toledo, in Lincoln county, continuing in practice
there for twelve years, during which period he served for four years as county judge
and for seven years was deputy district attorney. His next removal took him to
Prlnevllle, Oregon, where he likewise was called to public office, being appointed assist-
Vol. n— 3 4

530 HISTORY OF OREGON

ant district attorney, but at the end of six months he resigned and in 1909 opened
an office in Independence, where he has since remained, being now accorded a large and
representative practice. He is a strong and able lawyer, clear and concise in his pre-
sentation of a cause, logical in his deductions and sound in his reasoning, while in
the application of legal principles he is seldom at fault. For the past ten years he
has served as municipal judge, recorder and city attorney for Monmouth and Inde-
pendence and is giving excellent service in those connections, the worth of his work
being widely acknowledged.

On, the 1st of February, 1894, Mr. Swope was united in marriage to Miss Grace
Holmes of Oregon City, and they have become the parents of two children, namely:
Cecil A., who is practicing law in association with his father; and Bessie H., who is a
teacher in the public schools of Eugene.

In his political views Mr. Swope is a stanch republican, loyally supporting the
principles and candidates of the party. His fraternal connections are with the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Rebekahs, the Eastern
Star and the Masons, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the
Baptist church, of which he is serving as treasurer. His high professional standing
is indicated in the fact that he has been frequently called to serve In a public capacity
and no trust reposed in him has ever been betrayed in the slightest degree. He has
always stood for progress and improvement in matters relating to the upbuilding of
town, county and commonwealth and he ranks with the public-spirited citizens and
able lawyers of Polk county.

BENJAMIN H. BOWMAN.

When a young man of twenty-five years Benjamin H. Bowman became a resident
of Oregon and for many years made his home in Portland, contributing to the business
development and progress of the city. Even before making his way to the Pacific
coast he had had broad experiences in life, for he had served in the Union army and
at every point had stood the test of character. He was born in West Falmouth, Massa-
chusetts, August 30, 1842. He was but twenty years of age when he responded to the
call of President Lincoln for troops to aid in the preservation of the Union, joining
the Thirty-third Massachusetts Regiment with which he was on active duty for three
years. He participated in the battle of Chancellorsville and many other important en-
gagements that led up to the final victory which crowned the Union arms and on three
diiferent occasions he was wounded.

Mr. Bowman thus knew much concerning the stern realities of life when he left
New England to try his fortune in the rapidly developing empire of the Pacific north-
west. Arriving in Oregon he took up his abode in Salem and became secretary for
the Joe Holman Oil Mill and also secretary for the Robert Kinney Flour Mill, occupy-
ing those positions for several years. In 1883 he removed to Portland and established
the First National Bank of East Portland which was the first banking institution of
East Portland. In this enterprise he was associated with the Breyman Brothers of
Salem and Summerville and Breyman of Prineville, the bank being located on Union
avenue and Washington streets. Mr. Bowman continued active in the management and
control of the bank until 1896, when he sold his interest therein and practically lived
retired throughout his remaining days. He was also the owner of and developed a
fine farm of one hundred and eighty acres, largely planted to fruit and situated about
twelve miles from Portland, between Fairview and Gresham. He took great delight
in improving and developing that property and made it one of the excellent farms of
this section of the state.

In 1871 Mr. Bowman was united in marriage to Miss Aurora Watt, who was born
in Missouri in 1843 and came across the plains with her parents in 1848. She attended
school in McMinnville, also was a pupil in a Sisters' convent in Portland and for
several years taught school in Oregon. Mr. Bowman belonged to the Masonic fraternity
while his wife held membership in the Order of the Eastern Star. His political alle-
giance was given to the republican party and he was a firm believer in its principles.
His death occurred July 20, 1919, when he was in the seventy-seventh year of his age.
For more than a half century he had lived in Oregon and had taken a deep interest
in all that pertained to the welfare of the state and in various ways had contributed
to its progress and substantial upbuilding. His friends, and they were many, bear

BENJAMIN H. BOWMAN

HISTORY OF OREGON 533

testimony to his good qualities and the high regard uniformly entertained for him.
Mrs. Bowman, with her husband has toured Europe, visiting all of the historic places
and many points of modern interest as well and they motored in 1916 from Portland,
Oregon, to Portland, Maine, going to Newport on the Pacific to start, so that the trip
■would he from the Pacific to the Atlantic. Mrs. Bowman resides in Portland, where she
is widely known, having an extensive circle of friends here.

ELMER ELSWORTH COOVERT.

Elmer Elsworth Coovert, who for many years was a distinguished member of the
Portland bar, and who was closely associated with the promotion of prohibition inter-
ests in Oregon made valuable contribution to the world's work, and thus left behind
him a name that is honored and a memory cherished by all with whom he was asso-
ciated. A native of Indiana, he was born in Logansport, April 2, 1863, and came to
Oregon with his parents, Ernest Johnson and Elizabeth (Pudge) Coovert, in the year
1875, the family settling at Dayton, where the father secured three hundred and twenty
acres of land, on which he engaged in farming until his death. He was a native of
Ohio and was a descendant of the Cooverts who settled originally upon the site of
Harlem, New York. He died when his son Elmer E. was fourteen years of age, and
his wife, a native of Indiana, passed away about 1914. They were parents of four
children: Jasper W.: Martin Luther; Catherine, deceased; and Elmer Elsworth. The
eldest son is with the Warren Paving Company in Portland, while Martin Luther is
an optician in Vancouver, Washington.

The third son, Elmer E. Coovert, obtained his education in the schools of Oregon,
after studying to the age of twelve years in his native state. He passed the teacher's
examination when seventeen years of age and later followed the profession of teaching
in the rural districts of Yamhill county, but regarded this merely as an initial step to
other professional labor, for it was his desire to become a member of the bar and while
engaged in teaching he devoted his leisure time to the reading of law. He was ad-
mitted to practice at Salem. Oregon, when twenty-one years of age. Prior to this
time he had gone to Astoria, Oregon, where he entered the law ofBce of C. W. Pulton
and there also did newspaper work while reading law. Pollowing his admission to
the bar, he located in Vancouver, Washington, and became associated with D. P. Bal-
lard, with whom he continued for a short time and then opened an office independently
in 1877, continuing in active practice in that place until 1896.

In the latter year Mr. Coovert moved to Portland, Oregon, where he opened a law
office, becoming a member of the firm of Coovert, Miller & Stapleton, while later Ralph
Moody was admitted to the partnership. This connection was maintained until 1912,
when the firm was dissolved and Mr. Coovert became the legal and financial advisor
of Simon Benson, devoting his time exclusively to professional work of that character.
He was long regarded as one of the eminent representatives of the Oregon bar, his
ability being of a superior order because of his comprehensive study of the principles
of jurisprudence, combined with an analytical mind that enabled him to determine
readily the salient and vital points in every case.

On the 20th of October, 1887, Mr. Coovert was married to Miss Margaret Baker,
a native of Missouri, and a daughter of Daniel Boone and Nancy (McCollum) Baker,
both of whom were natives of Kentucky. Her father went to Vancouver, Washington,
in 1870, and settled on one hundred and sixty acres of land, devoting many years to
agricultural pursuits. He died six years ago in Portland, where the mother of Mrs.
Coovert still makes her home. Her father was a veteran of the Civil war. To Mr. and
Mrs. Coovert were born two sons: Lynn Baker, thirty-two years of age, married
Martha de Bevoise of Portland, who passed away leaving a son Gabrielle; and Dean
Johnson, twenty-three years of age, who married Alice M. Green of Portland. Mrs.
Coovert is a talented woman, who was of great assistance to her husband in his labors,
Mr. Coovert always deferring to her judgment. Fraternally Mr. Coovert was a thirty-
second degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine, and he also held membership
with the Knights of Pythias. His political endorsement was given to the republican
party and he was very active in politics for many years. He made a thorough study
of the liquor question and composed the draft of the federal prohibition bill which
was introduced by Senator Worth and which headed the legislation in the national
congress. The bill was strenuously fought by the prohibitionists as they wanted a

534 HISTORY OF OREGON

bone-dry country while his bill was for the prohibition of spirituous liquors only,
as he stood for moderation in the use of light wines and beers. He could never be
swerved from a course which he believed to be right and no one questioned his in-
tegrity concerning public matters. He was actively associated with Mr. Benson in
support of the good roads movement, and in fact he stood for all those forces and
elements which he deemed of value and benefit to the community and to the state.
His worth as a man and citizen were widely acknowledged; his ability gained him a
place of professional leadership and his personal characteristics caused him to be
highly prized by all with whom he was associated.

LAWRENCE K. MOORE.

Lawrence K. Moore, who became one of the most prominent of the real estate
dealers of Portland, in which city he passed away August 31. 1920, was born in
Cherokee, California, May 11, 1868, his parents being Rufus and Sarah Jane (Brown)
Moore. The father was born in Londonderry, New Hampshire, while the mother's
birth occurred in Indiana. It was in 1867 that Rufus Moore made his way to Califor-
nia, where he resided until the fall of 1S82 and then came to Oregon, settling in the
eastern part of the state. There he engaged in farming and continued to reside until
called to his final rest.

His son, Lawrence K. Moore, acquired his early education In the public schools
and when fifteen years of age assisted his father in driving stock from California
to eastern Oregon, riding a horse all the way and following after the cattle. He then
resumed his education in the schools of eastern Oregon. He was the youngest in his
father's family and at an early age entered the mercantile establishment of his elder
brother at Moro, there continuing for several years. He afterward engaged in the
real estate business at Moro in connection with J. 0. Elrod and subsequently went to
Prosser, Washington, where he invested in property to a considerable extent, resid-
ing there until 1906, when he removed to Portland, where he made his home through-
out the residue of his days. Here he again engaged in the real estate and investment
business and became one of the most prominent realtors of Portland, handling the
majority of the big property deals of Oregon, especially outside deals and wheat
ranches. He bore an unassailable reputation for honesty and square dealing
and his thorough reliability, as well as his progressiveness, brought to him the suc-
cess which made !iim one of the most prominent realty men of his adopted city.

On the 12th of December, 1897, Mr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Jessie
Elrod, a daughter of Eli Wesley and Arminta (Elder) Elrod, both of whom were
natives of Des Moines, Iowa, in which city they were reared and married. They came
to Oregon the year of the high water, or in 1S94. and located in Sherman county,
where the father engaged in farming and also became a real estate dealer, but for
the last few years of his life he lived retired, passing away in 1917. Mr. and Mrs.
Moore became the parents of a daughter, Greta, who is the wife of A. J. Thompson,
a resident of Usk, British Columbia.

Mr. Moore was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevo-
lent Protective Order of Elks and of the Commercial Club and the Realty Board.
His political support was given to the republican party and his position on any vital
question was never an equivocal one. He was long prominently known in social and
business circles. The sterling worth of his character, his genial nature and his kindly
spirit made for him many friends and no act of his life ever forfeited their high
regard.

JOHN RUSSELL CHAPMAN, D. D. S.

Dr. John Russell Chapman of Roseburg is not only a native son of Oregon but
also a native son of Douglas county, where he now makes his home, beins successfully
engaged in the practice of dentistry, in which connection he has attained a prominent
place. His parents, George J. and Eliza J. (Eels) Chapman, were well known and
respected citizens of Douglas county when their son, John Russell, was born in 1869.
The father, though a native of Ohio, came from an old Virginia family, the ancestral

HISTORY OF OREGON 535

line being traced back to the pioneer epoch in that state. Representatives of the
name also became pioneer founders of Ohio. In 1852, filled with that adventurous
spirit which sent some of America's best blood to the Pacific coast, George J. Chap-
man Journeyed across the plains until he reached the Umpqua valley, where he de-
cided to remain, settling upon a donation claim on the North Umpqua river, and
since that time the family has taken active part in the upbuilding and progress of
Oregon.

Dr. John R. Chapman was educated in the common schools of Douglas county,
in the Umpqua Academy in Douglas county, Oregon, and in the Washington Univer-
sity at St. Louis, Missouri, from which he was graduated in 1902 with the D. D. S.
degree. He entered upon active practice in St. Louis, Missouri, but his health failed
there after a year devoted to his profession and he came to Roseburg in 1903, since
which time he has practiced in this city. It had been his intention to remain in
St. Louis and specialize in dental surgery, but as his health prevented his carrying
out that plan, he has since given his attention to general dental practice. In the
seventeen years he has served the people of Douglas county he has built up a flour-
ishing practice and stands in the forefront of his profession, concentrating his efforts
and attention in unfaltering manner upon the duties that devolve upon him in this
connection. He also has extensive timber interests in southern Oregon and he greatly
enjoys the out-of-door life and activity.

In 1921, Dr. Chapman was married to Mrs. Mary Louise (Northcraft) McCabe,
a native of Pennsylvania, who as a child was carried out on the hills, being a survivor
of the memorable Johnstown, Pennsylvania flood. She received her education in Phila-
delphia, being a graduate of the Philadelphia Engraving College.

Dr. Chapman belongs to the Loyal Order of Moose, the Woodmen of the World
and the Knights of Pythias and in the last named has filled all of the chairs.
In civic matters he is active and interested and his membership in the Chamber of
Commerce means not only identification with that body but active support of all of
its interests for the benefit and growth of the city, the extension of its trade relations
and the development of its civic standards. His religious faith is that of the Metho-
dist church, while along professional lines he is identified with the Missouri and Illi-
nois dental societies as well as the dental associations of the northwest.

THOMAS WESLEY JOHNSON.

Thomas Wesley Johnson was an Oregon pioneer and a veteran of the Indian war
and in his passing the state lost one who was closely and helpfully associated with the
early development of the commonwealth and with its later progress as an ofllce
holder. He was born in Adair county, Iowa, in 1849, a son of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas
Wesley Johnson, both of whom came from New England. The mother's maiden name
was Litton. They settled in Iowa at an early day in the development of that state
and in 1861 came to Oregon, taking up their abode in the Waldo Hills country. They
traveled with a large wagon train and a great number of cattle and experienced the
hardships of a severe winter, with lots of snow. They had to cut down trees so that
the stock could feed on the leaves. A great many of the cattle starved and froze to
death, causing a heavy loss. Mr. Johnson had a family of thirteen children and they
suffered many hardships and privations during the early days. When spring came
they went to southern Oregon, where they resided for about five years, and on the
expiration of that period the parents of Thomas W. Johnson removed to California.

From the age of thirteen years Thomas Wesley Johnson depended upon his own
resources for a living. He worked his way steadily upward, his industry and diligence
constituting the rounds of the ladder on which he climbed to success. He engaged in
farming as the years passed and in grazing cattle and for several years continued this
business in southern Oregon and afterward removed to eastern Oregon. When
Medford became a city he was chosen for the office of constable and filled that posi-
tion for many years.

It was while residing there that Mr. Johnson met and married Miss Hallie Hoyt,
whom he wedded in May, 1895. She is a daughter of Samuel and Angeline (Davis)
Hoyt, the former still living at the age of eighty-four years, his home being at Grants
Pass. Both he and his wife were natives of the state of New York and he is a
Civil war veteran.

536 HISTORY OF OREGON

Mr. and Mrs. Johnson became parents of two children, Lloyd L. and Lucile Blanche,
the latter the wife of Warren Stewart of Portland. The son enlisted for the World
war in March, 1917, becoming a member of Company F, One Hundred and Sixty-
second Infantry. He was sent overseas in December of the same year and was on
active duty on the western front, being invalided back home in December, 1918.
He manifested the same spirit of courage and loyalty which ever characterized his
father, who was a veteran of the Modoc Indian war. While thus engaged in sup-
pressing the Indian uprising he and several of his companions became lost from the
company and were two days and nights without food. One of the number became
exhausted and Mr. Johnson assisted in carrying his companion until succor reached
them. His son became a sergeant of his company and his military record is one of
which the mother has every reason to be proud.

It was in 1906 that Mr. and Mrs. Johnson removed with their family to Port-
land, where for a time he conducted a store and later he had a gasoline filling station,
continuing in this business to the time of his death, which occurred August 10,
1920. He was always a stalwart supporter of the democratic party and he was one
of the first members taken into the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Medtord.
He had many friends wherever he went, so that his death was the occasion of deep
and widespread regret wherever he was known.

CARL A. MAGNUSON.

The career of Carl A. Magnuson affords a notable illustration of a self-made man.
Landing in New York city practically without funds in 1895 and possessing no knowl-
edge regarding the customs and language of the country he has worked his way
steadily upward by persistent energy and unfaltering enterprise, utilizing each oppor-
tunity presented for advancement, until as manager of the Link-Belt Northwest Com-
pany, Portland branch of the Link-Belt Company of Chicago, Illinois.

Mr. Magnuson is a native of Sweden. He was born in Stockholm in 1877 and
attended the primary schools of that city, after which he entered the University of
Stockholm but did not complete his course there by graduation. Desirous of profiting
by the broader opportunities presented for advancement in the United States he emi-
grated to this country when a young man of eighteen years, a stranger, without
funds and further handicapped by lack of knowledge concerning the language and
customs of the country. He made his way to Chicago, arriving in that city with but
five cents in his pocket. He secured a position with the Otis Elevator Company and
being a keen observer and possessing ready adaptability he there gained valuable
practical knowledge which has since been of great benefit to him. In order to increase
his technical knowledge he took up a course of study with the International Corre-
spondence Schools of Scranton, Pennsylvania, and thus greatly promoted his effi-
ciency and skill. Actuated at all times by a laudable ambition he has through per-
sistent application, energy and the faithful performance of each task assigned him
advanced steadily in the business world, each step bringing him a broader outlook
and wider opportunities until as manager of the Link-Belt Northwest Company he
occupies a position of large responsibility and importance. He is proving energetic,
farsighted and capable in the conduct of the extensive interests intrusted to his care
and his services are very valuable to the corporation which he represents. He gives
careful oversight to all phases of the business and is bending every effort and energy
toward the legitimate advancement of his house. The company handles link belting,
sawmill chains, sprocket wheels, friction clutches, turned shafting, wood split pul-
leys, iron split pulleys, American steel split pulleys, rope transmission, pillow blocks,
hangers, collars, couplings, malleable buckets and gears and theirs is one of the largest
industrial enterprises in the Pacific northwest.

In Senttle, Washington, in 1904, Mr. Magnuson was united in marriage to Miss
Emily F. Erickson, a daughter of E. F. Erickson, a native of Sweden. The two chil-
dren of this union are Gladys and Donna, aged respectively fourteen and twelve
years.

In his political views Mr. Magnuson is a republican, interested in the success of
the party but has never sought nor desired office. He is a loyal and public-spirited
citizen and as a member of the Progressive Business Men's Club and the Chamber of
Commerce is active in supporting the plans and projects of those organizations for

HISTORY OP OREGON 537

the advancement ot the city and the extension of its trade relations. He is also iden-
tified with the Press and Old Colony Clubs of Portland and with the Arctic Club of
Seattle, Washington. Carl A. Magnuson has never regretted the impulse which led
him to seek his fortune in a strange land, for in this country he has found the
opportunities which he sought and in their utilization has achieved success, now
occupying a position of prominence in industrial circles of the city. He is a man
of determined purpose, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he under-
takes, for he possesses the resolute spirit and energy which enable him to overcome
all difficulties and obstacles in his path. His record should serve to inspire and en-
courage others, showing what may be accomplished when there is the will to dare
and to do.

WILLIAM WELLS BALDWIN.

William Wells Baldwin, familiarly known as "Will," is a native son of Oregon
and Klamath county, his birth having occurred in Linkville, a town which has fur-
nished to southern Oregon so many of her most representative citizens. His parents
were George T. and Josie (Nail) Baldwin. The Baldwins are of old English stock, the
great-grandfather of Will Baldwin having come from Huntington, England, to the
United States at an early day. He located in St. Louis, being one of the first settlers
of that city, and became one of its most prominent and successful citizens. On the
maternal side Mr. Baldwin is a descendant of hardy pioneer stock, the Nails having
been among the earliest settlers in Tennessee and Oregon. George T. Baldwin was by
trade a tinner and coming to Oregon in 1872 followed that line of work for a while in
Ashland and then removed to Linkville, now Klamath Falls. He established his trade
In that place and added hardware as an additional line, building up his business
to extensive proportions. This is now one of the largest hardware and implement
stores in southern Oregon. George T. Baldwin became one of the representative citi-
zens of Linkville and for four years served his fellowmen as judge of Klamath county,
being widely acknowledged as the most satisfactory incumbent of that office the
county ever had. His death on June 4, 1920, came as a severe shock to the community
and his passing left a void in the community that will be hard to fill.

In the acquirement of an education William Wells Baldwin attended the schools
of Klamath county and the Holmes Business College at Portland. In 1902 he entered
his father's store and has grown up with the businecs. becoming thoroughly familiar
with its every detail. In December, 1918, the business was incorporated and he was
elected secretary and treasurer, which carried with it the management of the con-
cern. He has been a dominant factor in its steady development and the store occupied
by the company on Main street is fifty by one hundred feet, with two fioors giving them
twenty thousand square feet of space. The stock is of the finest quality and embraces
a full line of shelf and heavy hardware. The company also utilizes two large ware-
houses on the main spur of the Southern Pacific Railway. The agencies carried by
the company embrace such standard concerns as the Yale & Towne. Lisk Enamel
Ware, Atkins Saws & Tools, R. & J. Dick, Belting, Airmotor Windmills, General
Electric Company, De Laval Dairy Supplies, Majestic and Quick Meal Ranges, United
American Metal Corporation and Wear Ever aluminum products. The C. L. Best Trac-
tors and John Deere Implements are also included in the agencies. The Baldwin
Hardware Company does a jobbing as well as a retail business, shipping direct from
the warehouses. The keen executive ability displayed by "Will" Baldwin in the man-
agement of the business has been a potent element in its continued advancement
and the business has become one ot broad scope and importance, the while the high
reputation ot the firm constitutes its best business asset. He is considered the best
informed man in southern Oregon on freight rates and is a deep student along com-
mercial lines.

In 1909 Mr. Baldwin was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Jacobs, a daughter
of Benjamin Jacobs of Baker. Oregon, and a well known farmer of that vicinity. To
their union one son. George Hartzell, has been born. He is named for his grandfather,
the judge, and the Hartzell family of whom Mrs. Baldwin is a direct descendant.

Although Mr. Baldwin gives his political endorsement to the democratic party
he takes no active interest in the affairs of the party. Fraternally he is a Mason,
in which order he has attained the Knights Templar degree, and he is likewise an Elk

538 HISTORY OF OREGON

and past master of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Baldwin is also a
member of the Chamber of Commerce, taking a keen interest in the material, intel-
lectual, social, political, and moral welfare of his community. In line with his busi-
ness interests he is an honored and active member of the Oregon Hardware and
Implement Association and as a citizen has gained the same regard as that given
his father by their fellowmen. Mr. Baldwin is a representative business man of Kla-
math county and measures up to high standards both as a citizen and a merchant.

HON. HENRY E. ANKENY.

Each community has its substantial citizens, representative of the spirit of enter-
prise that has been the dominant factor in the upbuilding of this great state. Actively
associated with the mining interests of southern Oregon was Henry E. Ankeny, de-
ceased, who was the owner of the Sterling gold mine and was numbered among the
most successful mining operators of this section of the state.

Mr. Ankeny was born in West Virginia, April 29, 1844, a son of Alexander P. and
Anna Ankeny, natives of Pennsylvania. They came to Oregon in the late '40s and
located in Portland. The father became interested in the Wells Fargo Express Com-
pany and also engaged in the real estate business, in gold mining and in the lumber
business and through the successful conduct of these various lines of activity he became
the possessor of a substantial fortune, being classed with the men of wealth and promi-
nence of his community. Whatever he undertook he carried forward to successful
completion, and he knew no such word as fail. Long a resident of the state, he was
an interested witness of its development and upbuilding and at all times lent his aid
and cooperation to plans and projects for the general good. He passed away about 1890,
having long survived his wife, who died about 1846.

Coming to this state in his early boyhood, Henry E. Ankeny acquired his educa-
tion in the schools of Portland and when his textbooks were put aside he assisted his
father in the conduct of the latter's extensive business interests. He was the possessor
of large farm holdings at Klamath Falls, Oregon, and also owned and cultivated a farm
of four thousand five hundred acres near Salem, to which he devoted his efforts and
energy for a period of nineteen years, and he also operated a dairy and cheese fac-
tory. Upon the death of his father he took over the management of the Sterling gold
mine in southern Oregon and for seven years he resided in the vicinity of the mine,
bending every energy to its further development and winning substantial success in its
conduct. In September, 1896, he removed with his family to Eugene, where he erected
a fine modern dwelling at No. 212 North Pearl street, which is still the family home.
About a year prior to his death Mr. Ankeny retired from active business, owing to
failing health, and he passed away on the 21st of December, 1906, at the age of sixty-
three years. He had led a busy, useful and active life and in the conduct of his exten-
sive and varied interests he not only won individual success but also contributed in
marked measure to the upbuilding, development and prosperity of his section of the
state. Being a man of resourceful business ability, he extended his efforts into various
lines and in all business affairs readily discriminated between the essential and the
non-essential and discarding the latter utilized the former to the best possible advan-
tage.

On the 10th of June, 1866, Mr. Ankeny was united in marriage to Miss Cordelia
L. Stryker, a daughter of Henry F. and Mary A. (Hart) Stryker. The father was
born in Auburn, New York, April 20, 1821, while the mother's birth occurred in Mont-
gomery county, Wisconsin, July 3, 1827. The father was a physician and practiced
at Kenosha, Wisconsin, until 1852, when ill health compelled him to seek a change of
occupation. Thinking the milder climate of Oregon might prove beneficial, he crossed
the plains to this state and located in Portland, where he engaged in the mercantile
business for a time and then went to Vancouver, Washington, where he engaged in
general merchandising the remainder of his life. He passed away December 31, 1861,
while the mother's death occurred on the 2d of December in the preceding year. Mr.
and Mrs. Ankeny became the parents of nine children, of whom three are deceased:
Alexander, Ruby and Rolin. Those who survive are: Cordelia R., the wife of John S.
Orth of Medford, Oregon; Cora B., who Is the widow of Frank Crump and resides in
Medford; Nanie M., the widow of Ro8coe E. Cantrell and a resident of Klamath Falls,

MRS. CORDELIA L. ANKENY

HON. HENRY E. ANKENY

HISTORY OF OREGON 543

Oregon; Frank E., also residing at Klamath Falls; Dollie A., who married Alfred H.
Miller and resides at Medford; and Gladys, at home.

Mr. Ankeny was a Mason of high rank, having attained the thirty-second degree,
and at the time of his death the honorary thirty-third degree was about to be conferred
upon him. He was likewise a member of the Mystic Shrine and in the work of the
order took an active part, his life being an exemplification of its beneficent principles.
In politics he was a republican and in religious faith a Christian Scientist. He came
to this state during the period of its early development and reclamation and as the
years passed his contribution to the work of progress and improvement became a
valuable one. A patriotic and public-spirited citizen, he took a deep interest in every-
thing relating to the welfare of the district in which he lived and was most earnest in
his support of those projects which are a matter of civic virtue and civic pride. In his
death Eugene lost one of its most honored and valued residents, one whose life his-
tory should prove of inspirational value to all who read it. Mrs. Ankeny still occu-
pies the family home in Eugene and is one of the highly esteemed residents of the city.
Like her husband, she is a Christian Scientist, and in her work as a practitioner of that
faith she has been very successful.

SAMUEL SMITH TRAIN.

Samuel Smith Train, who Is now living retired in Albany, is one of the pioneer
residents of the state, having come to Oregon in 1876, and he has been an interested
witness of the changes that have occurred within its borders as the work of progress
and development has been carried steadily forward. He was born in Essex county.
New York, August 6, 1841, a son of Thomas and Betsy (Barber) Train, both natives
of that locality, the father's birth having occurred in Wilmington. He was a mill-
wright by trade and built and operated sawmills in his section as well as in other
parts of the state, being active along that line for a number of years. He sawed
in his mill the planks used for constructing the road from the ore bodies near his
home to the shipping point on Lake Champlain, a distance of twelve miles. In 1852
he went west to Illinois, settling in Stephenson county on a farm, which he improved
and developed, and he also engaged in carpentering. He there passed the remainder
of his life, his death occurring in 1871, while the mother died in 1877.

Samuel S. Train acquired his education in the public schools of New York and
Illinois and after his textbooks were put aside he learned the printer's trade in
southern Illinois, working at that occupation in Lebanon for some time. He then
returned to Stephenson county and for a number of years engaged in farming in that
locality, but later went to Wisconsin to join his brother, who was engaged in the
newspaper business at Boscobel. He worked for his brother for a time and when
the latter went to Prairie du Chien. Wisconsin, Mr. Train continued to conduct the
Boscobel paper until his removal to Nebraska, where he remained for a few years, then
returned to Illinois, where he remained until his father's death. He resided in that
state until 1876, when he came to Oregon, taking up a soldier's claim forty miles
from Albany. The tract was covered with timber and after residing upon the
land for a year he disposed of it. For several years he engaged in teaching at Har-
risburg, Oregon, after which he once more entered newspaper circles, establishing a
newspaper there, which he conducted for about six years. He then removed to Albany
and purchased the Albany Herald in association with J. R. Whitney, this relationship
being maintained for about twenty years, when Mr. Train disposed of his interest
in the paper. Upon coming to Albany he purchased a half block of ground, on which
he erected five residences, which he now rents. Under President McKinley's admin-
istration Mr. Train was appointed postmaster and served in that oflSce for nine years,
discharging his duties most capably and conscientiously, proving ever a courteous
and obliging official. He has since lived practically retired in Albany. He is an
honored veteran of the Civil war, having enlisted in 1862 as a member of the Ninety-
Becond Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and in 1863 he was discharged on account of dis-
ability, his term of service being spent principally in marching through the state of
Kentucky.

In June, 1862, Mr. Train was united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane Ricks and
they became the parents of two children: Minnie, who died in July, 1884; and Arline,
the wife of S. M. Dolan of Corvallis, who is connected with the Civil Engineering

544 HISTORY OP OREGON

department of the Oregon Agricultural College. Mr. and Mrs. Dolan have had four
children, Mary; William, who is deceased; Samuel; and James.

Mr. Train's connection with the Masonic fraternity covers a period of fifty-four
years, tor it was in 1S66 that he joined the order, and his life has ever been guided
by its beneficent teachings. He is not affiliated with any religious donomination but
inclines toward the Presbyterian faith. He is a member of the Grand Army of the
Republic and through this connection keeps in touch with his comrades who wore
the blue and loyally fought for the preservation of the Union on southern battle fields.
Coming to this state in 1876, Mr. Train deserves classification with its honored pio-
neers, anti in the work of progress and development he has borne his full share, his aid
and cooperation being at all times given to plans and projects for the general good.
He is a man of many sterling qualities, esteemed and honored by all who know
him because of an upright life and because of his fidelity to duty in every relation.

WILLIAM WURZWEILER.

Any community would be proud to number among its citizens William Wurzweiler,
president of the First National Bank of Prineville. His life record is another illus-
tration of the fact that when the enterprising spirit of the German finds scope in tne
opportunities of the new world the result is success. The birth of Mr. Wurzweiler oc-
curred in that country on the last day of August, 1855, the son of Lipman and Mina
(Gumbel) Wurzweiler. His father was an extensive dealer in live stock and as a
result our subject grew up with a fondness for animals.

William Wurzweiler received his education in the schools of his native country
but in early life determined to come to the new world where vast opportunities would
be offered him. After arriving in this country he located in Seymour, Indiana, and
there learned the American language. His initial step into the business world was
made as a clerk in a mercantile establishment and he received the sum of two dollars
and fifty cents a week for his labors. After working for some time in Indiana and hav-
ing mastered the rules of American merchandising with a corresponding increase in
salary, his health failed and he was advised to go west. In 1883 he located in Pendle-
ton, Oregon, where for one year he engaged in clerking and then removed to Joseph,
where he purchased a store and operated it successfully for twelve years. At the ter-
mination of that time he disposed of the business and removing to Prineville pur-
chased a store and since 1897 has been a factor in the business circles of Crook county,
although he retired from the mercantile business in 1910. Shortly after going to
Prineville he purchased some stock in the First National Bank of that city and in
1900 was elected its vice president, a position he held until 1919 when he was elected
president. Mr. Wurzweiler has not confined himself to commercial and financial
interests since coming to Crook county but he has had large ranching and stock
interests, and is still active along those lines with his two sons. Arthur and Max.
though less than a year ago he disposed of one place consisting of two thousand five
hundred acres. At one time he had a flock of twelve thousand sheep and achieved
quite a success with them, although he later disposed of them. Among the two thou-
sand acres of land which he and his sons now own is a ranch of six hundred and forty
acres of meadow land, on which he raises selected grade cattle and two hundred and
forty acres of alfalfa. This ranch is widely known as one of the most beautiful
places in Oregon. Mr. Wurzweiler's ranch property is located in Jefferson, Crook
and Deschutes counties and in addition he has large real estate holdings in Portland,
among which may be noted the improved half block at Fourth and Davis streets, in
the heart of the wholesale business district of Portland.

At Pendleton, Oregon, in 1S84, Mr. Wurzweiler was united in marriage to Miss
Bertha Alexander of that city. They are parents of four sons: Arthur, the oldest mem-
ber of the family, is manager of the Powell Butte Ranch; Max manages the Black
Butte cattle ranch; and Earl and Nathan live in Portland and are both in com-
mercial business. The two youngest sons are ex-service men. having served through
the World war in the Sixty-fourth Ambulance Corps, A. E. F., for a period covering
eighteen months. They are now active in the affairs of the American Legion. The
service of his sons in the army is particularly pleasing to Mr. Wurzweiler who says:
"When I first came to America I took out my papers and that day I forgot Germany
and have since been as much of an American as though born here."

HISTORY OF OREGON 545

Fraternally Mr. Wurzweller is a Mason, has attained the thirty-second degree of
the Scottish Rite and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. Along financial lines he is
associated with the State and National Banking Associations. He is now serving for
the fourth time as mayor of Prineville, his sterling integrity and honor and the
uprightness of his character well fitting him for carrying out successfully the duties
of his office. The terms progress and patriotism might be considered the keynote
of his character, for throughout his career he has labored for the improvement of
every line of business or public interest with which he has been associated and at
all times has been actuated by a fidelity to his country and her welfare. "Will"
Wurzweiler, as he is affectionately known, is a citizen of whom any community would
be proud.

FRITZ WOLFF.

In the industrial circles of Portland the name of Fritz Wolff was a familiar one,
for through many years he was identified with the foundry business, being engaged
in the manufacture of heavy machinery and castings. He deserved great credit for
what he accomplished in life for he started out empty-handed and by reason of his
strength of character, his persistency of purpose and undaunted energy he gained
a place among the successful representatives of the industrial life in Portland. All
who knew him spoke of him in terms of warm regard because his career was ever
characterized by fidelity to duty and by high ideals. He was born in Germany Novem-
ber 6, 1842, a son of John and Henrietta Wolff, who always remained residents of
Germany, the father there following the shoemaker's trade.

Fritz Wolff, however, came to America in 1867 when a young man of twenty-five
years. He first settled in New York city where he followed the ironworkers' trade,
with which he had become familiar while still in his native country. For two years
he remained in New York and then sought the opportunities of the growing west, mak-
ing his way to San Francisco, where for two years he was employed as an iron-
worker.

Mr. Wolff dated his residence in Portland from May, 1871, and started upon his
business career here as an employe of the Oregon Iron Works. Later he spent some
time in the Southern Railroad shops and in 1874 established business on his own
account in partnership with Herman Trenkman, opening a small machine shop. For
a number of years they carried on business together, after which Mr. Trenkman sold
his interest to Arthur Zwicker and the new firm conducted a foundry and machine
shop on Flander and Third streets for four years, during which period Mr. Wolff built
four and a half miles of twenty-four inch pipe, which was constructed for the City
Water Company. The business was removed to the east side of Portland in 1889, at
which time a mammoth plant was erected, devoted to the manufacture of engines, ice
machinery and compressed air machinery and in addition to this output the company
conducted a general machine-shop and foundry. « They also built thirty-four miles of
pipe line used in connection with the City Water Works and also five miles of pipe
for Spokane, Washington, and twenty-six miles for Butte, Montana. The business was
conducted under the firm name of Wolff & Zwicker until 1879, and during that period
the company took several contracts for building ships. They constructed two light
ships, also one torpedo destroyer, two torpedo boats, a large tug boat and a large
freight boat, but financial reverses overtook them and they failed with a total loss.

It was at this point that the real strength of Mr. Wolff's nature showed forth. He
met the exigencies of the case in a way that indicated his resourcefulness and capa-
bility. Borrowing money on his twenty thousand dollar life insurance policies he
again started in business, organizing what was known as the Phoenix Iron Works, the
business being incorporated. They operated the first six months in the old shop,
which they leased and at the end of that time the shop was entirely destroyed by fire.
They were then carrying about five thousand dollars insurance, which sum aided them
in starting business anew. The company purchased new machinery on the installment
plan and also bought a half block of land between Hawthorne and Clay streets, where
the new plant was erected. Later another block near their shop was purchased whereon
they established a large foundry, which they operated in connection with the machine
shop. They manufactured all kinds of heavy machinery and castings and theirs was
the largest plant of its kind on the east side. Success attended the enterprise from
Vol. ir— 3 5

546 HISTORY OF OREGON

the beginning and they not only acquired valuable property holdings but their busi-
ness became very extensive, developing year by year until it reached most profitable
proportions. Mr. Wolff proved that difficulties and obstacles could not long bar his
path, for they called forth his latent energies and his ability carried him steadily
forward until he became one of the prominent representatives of industrial life in
Portland.

Mr. Wolff was twice married. His first wife passed away October 28, 1881, leaving
four children: John, who is connected with the Phoenix Iron Company and who was
the builder and owner of what was then the fastest gasoline boat in the world; Mrs.
Emma Fox of Portland; Sophia, the widow of P. L. Zimmerman of Portland; and
Helen, the wife of Charles Urfer of this city. In 1SS3 Mr. Wolff was married to Miss
Metta Rasmussen, a native of Denmark and a daughter of Rasmussen Jensen and
Jacobine Thompson. The mother died when her daughter Metta was but thirteen
years of age and ere her death she advised her daughter to come to America. When
twenty-three years of age, therefore, Metta Rasmussen crossed the ocean with an older
sister and after spending some time in the eastern cities and in Chicago, they ar-
rived in Portland in 1883. It was in that year she became the wife of Mr. Wolff, and
to them were born two children: Frederica and Carl, the latter a graduate of the
Mechanical Engineering School at Corvallis. The family holds membership in the
Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Wolff was also identified with the church, taking
a helpful part in Its work and doing all in his power to advance moral progress in
the community. He stood for all that was best in the public life of Portland, where
he continued to make his home until death called him on the 13th of July, 1916. He
left behind him not only a business of substantial proportions but also bequeathed
to his family the priceless heritage of an untarnished name. He had made steady
progress in his business career and in every relation of life was loyal to high ideals,
his career being one of integrity and honor.

JUDGE FRANK SUMNER GUNNING.

Judge Frank Sumner Gunning, who has recently retired from the oflice of county
judge, has for many years not only ranked with the leading business men of The
Dalles but also as one of the most progressive citizens of Wasco county, standing at
all times in support of those projects and measures which feature in the public
improvement and development of community, commonwealth and country. A na-
tive of Illinois, he was born at Hillsboro in April, 1S59, and is a son of J. C. and Minerva
(Lewis) Gunning. Both of his parents were representatives of pioneer families of Ohio
and West Virginia and the Gunning family before removing to the Mississippi valley
had for generations been represented in New England, the name being there known
before the establishment of American independence.

Judge Gunning was educated in the graded schools of his native state and in
his youth began working at his fatker's trade, that of a blacksmith and machinist.
Imbued with the same spirit that caused his forbears to emigrate from New Eng-
land to Illinois, he came to the west in 1891, making his way to The Dalles, where he
began working as a machinist. After remaining in the employ of others for a brief
period he established business of his own as a machinist, horseshoer and blacksmith
and has since been actively identified with the industrial development of this sec-
tion. His present establishment at the corner of Second and Laughlin streets at The
Dalles is a large one in which he employs a number of skilled mechanics. A portion
of the building is devoted to horseshoeing and the adjoining building is utilized as a
garage in which all kinds of auto repair work is done. His own mechanical ingenuity
enables him to direct wisely the efforts of the men in his employ and his establishment
is accorded a most liberal patronage.

Aside from the work which he has done along business lines Mr. Gunning has
left the impress of his individuality upon the history of his city by his active public
service. He was elected a member of the city council in 1S97 and was elevated to the
mayor's chair in 1901, thus serving until 1903, giving to the city a businesslike and
progressive administration. He also acceptably filled the ofl^ce of county treasurer
from 190S until January, 1913, then was chosen county judge of Wasco county, serving
upon the bench until 1919. His decisions were characterized by fairness and impar-
tiality and he retired from office as he had entered it — with the confidence and good-

HISTORY OP OREGON 547

will of all concerned. Judge Gunning has also been president of the Business Men's
Association and has been active in finding solutions for Intricate commercial and
industrial problems relative to the welfare and upbuilding of the city. He has been
chairman of the Young Men's Christian Association, also of the questionnaire board
and was equally active in connection with several of the more important war drives.
During his incumbency in the office of county judge the handsome new Wasco county
courthouse was completed at a cost of one hundred and eighty-five thousand dollars.
The Columbia River highway has always had in him an earnest friend and much
of the upper section of the road was built with his assistance.

In 1886 Judge Gunning was married in Illinois to Miss Minnie T. Paden, a daugh-
ter of Milton Paden, a pioneer of that state. She passed away in 1892, leaving a
daughter who is now Mrs. Zoe Hochuli of Portland. In 1895 Judge Gunning wedded
Miss Carrie J. Davenport, whose parents were well known residents of Wasco county.
Two children have been born of this marriage: Alice, who is now the wife of R. A.
Ward, vice president of the First National Bank at Bend, Oregon; and Louis, who
volunteered in the United States navy at America's entrance into the World war
and is still in the service, being a petty officer.

The cause of education has ever found in Judge Gunning a stalwart champion
and one who has rendered most earnest and effective labor in behalf of the public
schools. For ten years he was a member of the school board and during that period
did everything possible to promote the educational interests of the city. While he was
serving on the board the Court Street school was remodeled and doubled the capacity
costing twenty thousand dollars, and the high school was erected, costing one hun-
dred thousand dollars, besides two schools, each costing about five thousand dollars
were built. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias, has held all of
the chairs in the local order and has been representative to the Grand Lodge.
He is likewise connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a man
of straightforward purpose, whose position upon any vital question is never an equiv-
ocal one. He states clearly his views upon any question and never hedges. During
his long public service he has always kept in mind the interests of the people and it
has become a recognized fact that he has the faculty of seeing through the mask of
many professional politicians until it has become a common remark: "You can't put
that game over on Judge Gunning." He is straight himself and expects the same
fairness of others. He conducts his business on exactly the same lines and the gen-
eral opinion is that he is a most valuable asset to the community, his life activities
being of sterling worth in all matters of citizenship as well as in business circles.

HENRY LUPTON CARL.

Henry Lupton Carl, who in the year 1871 became a resident of Oregon, where he
resided to the time of his death on the sixteenth of December, 1916, was born at Tipton,
Iowa, in December, 1S44. his parents being George and Cordelia Carl, who were
natives of Ohio and who removed to Iowa at an early day, the father there taking up
a claim upon which he and his family lived for many years, his attention being con-
tinuously given to agricultural pursuits. Subsequently he removed to Keokuk, Iowa.
Henry Lupton Carl had been reared as a farm bred boy and early 'became familiar
with the best methods of tilling the soil and caring for the crops. He continued to
assist his father on the farm until the removal to Keokuk. After the family home
was established in that city Henry L. Carl was united in marriage to Miss Matilda
Tantlinger in 1868. She is a daughter of John and Caroline Tantlinger, who were
natives of Pennsylvania but in an early day removed to Iowa, where Mrs. Carl was
born. Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Carl resided for eight years in Iowa
and during that period he engaged in farming. When the call came for troops to
serve in the Civil war his patriotic spirit became the dominant element in his life
and in 1861 he offered his services to the government, enlisting in the Twenty-fourth
Iowa Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until the end of the war. In 1871
he determined to try his fortune in the west and made a stage trip to La Grande,
Oregon, where he resided for five years. He then came to Portland, where he con-
tinued to make his home until called to his final rest and in this city Mrs. Carl still
resides.

To this worthy couple were born four children: Byron E., now living in New

548 HISTORY OF OREGON

York city; Bert O.; George G., who is a physician of John Day, Oregon; and Lula, the
wife of Bernard Mulchy of Portland.

Mr. Carl gave his political allegiance to the republican party, which he supported
from the time that age conferred upon him the right of franchise. He belonged
to the Knights of Pythias and was also a member of Ben Butler Post, G. A. R., thus
maintaining pleasant relations with his old army comrades and at all times manifest-
ing in matters of citizenship the same spirit of loyalty which actuated him when he
followed the nation's starry banner on the battle fields of the south.

JUDGE HENRY H. NORTHUP.

Judge Henry H. Northup, who for many years was a prominent and well known
figure at the Portland bar, and who more than a quarter of a century ago served as
judge of Multnomah county, is now enjoying well earned rest in an attractive home
and dates his residence upon the Pacific coast from 1871. He came to the far west
for the benefit of his health. He is a native son of New England, his birth having
occurred in Cheshire, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, February 27, 1839, his parents
being Isaac W. and Maria (Brown) Northup, both of whom were natives of Massa-
chusetts. The paternal grandfather, Stephen Northup, was also a native of Cheshire
and his father, who likewise bore the name of Stephen, was a native of Rhode Island.
The founder of the family in the new world likewise bore the name of Stephen Northup,
coming to America from England and settling in 1648 in Rhode Island, where he
obtained a grant of land.

Judge Northup spent his early life in his native state and gained hia education in
Lenox Academy at Lenox, Massachusetts, and in the State Normal School at West-
field, Massachusetts, from which he was graduated on the 27th of February, 1860. He
then took up the profession of teaching and was thus active in the work of the school-
room at the time of the outbreak of the Civil war, when he enlisted in defense of the
Union cause on the 23d of April, 1861, when the smoke from Fort Sumter's guns
had scarcely cleared away. He joined Company I of the First Iowa Infantry, was
sent to Missouri and participated in the campaign under General Lyon who was killed
at the battle of Wilson Creek about thirteen miles southwest of Springfield, Missouri,
August 10, 1861. The campaign there was a very hard fought one, the Federal forces
being largely inferior in numbers, so that they fought against great odds. The First
Iowa had marched six hundred miles in six weeks, fought three skirmishes and then
took its place in the ranks at the battle of Wilson Creek. The regiment had been
mustered in tor three months in response to the President's call for seventy-five thousand
men to serve for that period. Accordingly, in the fall of 1861, Judge Northup received
an honorable discharge and returned home to Massachusetts. His experience, however, ■
had shown him the real conditions of war. At the battle of Wilson Creek the Union
troops numbered but fifty-five hundred men and were confronted with the forces under
Generals McCullough and Price with fifteen thousand men. General Lyon, however,
accomplished his purpose and made his retreat, but at the price of his own life.

After returning to his home Judge Northup taught school in the winter of 1861-2
and in the summer of the latter year he again enlisted, joining the Forty-ninth Massa-
chusetts Infantry, with which he served for a year. The regiment was sent to Louisiana
and after participating in several skirmishes invested Port Hudson on the 21st day
of May, 1863, and forced its surrender on the 8th of July of that year. The troops
were then sent down the river to Donaldsonville, where they were stationed for some
time and there met General Taylor with his army, forcing the Confederates to fall
back from the Mississippi river. In the fall of that year Judge Northup returned
to his home, thus ending his military career.

Again he took up the profession of teaching, which he followed in Massachusetts
until the winter of 1864-5. In March of the latter year he received an appointment
to a position in one of the government departments at Washington and made his way
to the capital city, where he remained for six years. He then resigned and came to
Portland. Oregon, for the benefit of his health. It was not his intention to remain
longer than necessary to regain his normal health, but while in Washington he pre-
pared for the bar and was admitted to the supreme court of the District of Columbia in
1868, so that after his arrival in Portland he opened a law office and entered upon a
practice which grew in volume and importance and caused him to remain a permanent

JUDGE HENRY H. NORTHUP

HISTORY OF OREGON 551

resident of this city. He continued actively and successfully in practice until 1919,
when he retired from the work of the profession and is now spending the evening of
his days in the enjoyment of well earned rest. In the year 1894 he was elected judge
of the county court of Multnomah county, serving on the bench for a term. In 1873
he was appointed register in bankruptcy by the chief justice of the supreme court of
the United States, upon the recommendation of Judge Deady, district judge for the
United States court of Oregon, and occupied the office for a period of five years. Judge
Northup was likewise at one time connected with the work of framing Oregon's laws,
being chosen a member of the state legislature in 1889 and again in 1893. He is today
the oldest living member of the bar of Portland, for he has passed the eighty-first mile-
stone on life's journey.

On the 14th of September, 1869, Judge Northup was married in Washington, D. C,
to Miss Lydia B. Harkness, a daughter of Daniel S. and Martha E. Harkness. Three
children have been born to them: Laura H., who is now a teacher in the Lincoln
high school; Harry E., who died November 8, 1911; and Wilmarth I., a practicing
dentist of Portland, who at the time of the World war joined the navy. He was
stationed at the Great Lakes and at Hampton Roads, but to his great regret did not
get to go overseas. He served with the dental department and was commissioned a
lieutenant.

Judge Northup is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and thus main-
tains pleasant relations with his old military comrades, who more than five decades
ago were known as the "Boys in Blue." Fraternally he is a Mason, having membership
in 'Willamette Lodge, No. 2, A. F. & A. M., of Portland. His political endorsement
has long been given to the republican party and his religious faith is that of the First
Congregational church. A resident of Portland for a half century, he is most widely
and favorably known, while the sterling traits of his character and his qualities of
citizenship have brought to him the high regard, confidence and goodwill of all who
have known him.

A. J. REAPER.

A. J. Peaper, who for some years was identified with the industrial development
of Portland as one of the partners in the Oregon Brass Works, passed away June 8,
1916. He was born in Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1869, a son of Charles and Delia
Peaper, the former a native of Amsterdam, Holland, while the latter was of Irish
lineage. In the schools of his native city A. J. Peaper pursued his education and in
early life started out to provide for his own support by entering the employ of the
Kelly & Lyle Milling Company in the position of bookkeeper. When he first accepted
the position the company had to raise the platform on which his stool was placed in
order that he might reach the desk, for he was then but a young lad who had by no
means obtained his growth. When he left their employ he was occupying the position
of head bookkeeper and by that time the desk, and not the stool, had had to be raised
and he had completed a number of years' period of employment there between the
ages of fourteen and twenty-three years.

Mr. Peaper afterward went to Kansas City, Missouri, and later to Mobile, Ala-'
bama, and in the latter city occupied the position of secretary with the Street Railway
Light & Power Company for two years. He then returned to Leavenworth and became
secretary for the Denton Brothers Elevator Company, with which he was associated
for four years. He next engaged in business as part owner of the Hesse Wagon
& Carriage Manufacturing Company, of which he was secretary and manager. This
was also a Leavenworth enterprise, with which he was associated for a few years.

In 1907 Mr. Peaper came to Oregon, establishing his home in Portland, where he
purchased a half interest in the Oregon Brass Works and was thereafter connected
with the business with the exception of a period of about four years. He contributed
much to the success of the enterprise through his business ability and determination
and thus gained a creditable place in the industrial circles of the city.

In 1895 Mr. Peaper was united in marriage to Miss Olive May Farrell, a daughter
of William Henry and Hannah Williams (Gary) Farrell, the latter a descendant of
early Puritan stock. He was in the south when the war broke out but made his way
to Kansas. She was of colonial ancestry and descended from the Pilgrim stock that

552 HISTORY OF OREGON

settled in New York. To Mr. and Mrs. Peaper were born two children: Alice and
Alexander Joseph, both in school.

Mr. Peaper was a Mason of high rank and became a Noble of the Mystic Shrine.
He was also identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and belonged to
the Chamber of Commerce, while his political allegiance was given to the republican
party. His religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church. He was always an
upright, honorable man who enjoyed and received the confidence and high regard of
those who knew him. Starting out to provide for his own support when a youth of
but fourteen years, he steadily worked his way upward and his persistency of pur-
pose led to the development of his powers until he became widely known as a sub-
stantial and representative business man in the various communities in which he
lived.

JOHN LEWIS ROGERS.

In the demise of John Lewis Rogers, Yamhill county lost one of its representative
m and progressive citizens, whose many sterling traits of character won for
him the unqualified respect and esteem of all with whom he came into contact. He
was one of Oregon's native sons and his entire life was spent in this state. His birth
occurred near McMinnville. in Yamhill county. November 16, 1S58, and he was a son
of J. William and Mary (Henderson) Rogers, natives of Indiana. In 1845, in young
manhood, the father crossed the plains to Oregon with his parents, the journey being
made with ox teams and wagons. The family settled in Yamhill county, near McMinn-
ville, where J. W. Rogers took up a donation claim, and following his marriage in
184S he continued to improve and cultivate his land, residing thereon throughout the
remainder of his life. He endured all of the hardships and privations of frontier life
and was a veteran of the Indian wars. He passed away on the 21st of July, 1895, and
the mother's demise occurred in 1869. They were the parents of seven children,
namely: James 0., Jane, Eva, J. Lewis. T. H., Frank E. and one who died in infancy.
The family is an old and prominent one in the state and the paternal grandfather of
Mr. Rogers became the first county judge in Yamhill county.

John L. Rogers attended the district schools of his native county and subsequently
pursued a course in McMinnville College. In 1878 he started out in life independently
as clerk in a drug store and was thus employed until 1883, gaining a thorough knowl-
edge of the business and at length becoming a registered pharmacist. He then estab-
lished a drug store in connection with P. W. Todd, a relationship which was main-
tained until 1889. when Mr. Rogers' brother. Prank E. Rogers, purchased Mr. Todd's
interest in the business and the firm then became known as Rogers Brothers. Dur-
ing the first year of his connection with the drug trade John L. Rogers worked for his
board and clothes and in order to purchase their stock of goods in 1883 he and his
partner. Mr. Todd, were obliged to borrow the sum of fifteen hundred dollars. He was
determined to win success and through laudable ambition, untiring energy, persever-
ance and determination he won the desired goal, theirs becoming known as one of the
oldest and most reliable drug firms in the state. He was thoroughly familiar with
every phase of the business and their well assorted stock, enterprising methods and
known integrity soon won for the firm an extensive trade. For a number of years he
served as vice president of the McMinnville National Bank, occupying that position
at the time of his demise, and he also had farming interests in Yamhill county. A
spirit of enterprise and progress actuated him throughout the entire period of his
connection with business affairs, bringing him recognition as one of the leading
merchants and substantial business men of his section of the state.

On the 15th of October, 1884, Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Lulu
Hunsaker, a daughter of Rev. A. J. and Mary E. (Adams) Hunsaker. the former a
native of Illinois and the latter of Missouri. In an early day the father removed to
Missouri, whence he crossed the plains to Oregon with his parents in 1847, the family
home being established in Marion county, where the mother's family had also settled.
Both the paternal and maternal grandparents took up donation claims in Marion
county and there continued to reside during the remainder of their lives. The father
engaged in farming, cultivating the old home place, and in 1875 he took up religious
work, preaching the gospel as a minister of the Baptist church and also serving for
many years as secretary of the State Association of Baptists. By example as well as

HISTORY OF OREGON 553

precept he pointed out to others the hest way in life and his labors were productivt
of much good. Since 1877 he has resided in McMinnville and for the past twelve years
has lived retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. He has reached the advanced
age of eighty-seven years but the mother has passed away, her demise occurring in
May, 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Rogers became the parents of two children: Norma, who
was born June 23, 18S8, and died July 26, 1891; and Norris L., who was born Feb-
ruary 21, 1892, and now has charge of Rogers Brothers' Drug Store at McMinnville.

Mr. Rogers was a stanch republican in his political views and was much inter-
ested in the welfare and progress of his community, holding several city offices and
discharging his duties with conscientiousness and efficiency. His fraternal connec-
tions were with the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient
Order of United Workmen, and in religious faith he was a Baptist. He passed away
on the 20th of July, 1902, after a year's illness, when but forty-four years of age,
and his demise was deeply regretted, not only by his immediate family but by a large
circle of friends. He was a man of high personal standing and of marked business
integrity and ability, whose resolute spirit enabled him to overcome all obstacles and
difficulties in his path. He was a self-made man, whose advancement and prosperity
were directly attributable to his own efforts, and by persistent energy and unfalter-
ing enterprise worked his ' way steadily upward to a position of prominence in the
business life of his community. He was a man of worth to the locality by reason of
his high principles and many substantial personal qualities.

DAVID FRANKLIN.

One of the foremost figures in business circles of the northwest is David Franklin,
who in association with his brothers, Charles and Abraham Franklin, is conducting
an extensive mail order business at Portland, its trade covering many western states
as well as Alaska and British Columbia. He is a man of resolute spirit whose plans
are carefully formed and promptly executed and throughout his career he has closely
applied himself to the work in hand. The years have chronicled his growing success
and at all times his career has been such as would bear the closest investigation
and scrutiny.

A native of Montana, Mr. Franklin was born at Helena, March 7, 1869, at which
time Butte was known as Last Chance. He is a son of Seiman and Sarah (Tuch) Frank-
lin, natives of German Poland. In 1860 the father emigrated to the United States and
during the Civil war enlisted as a member of the One Hundred and Fifty-second
New York Infantry, serving throughout that conflict. In New York he was united
in marriage to Miss Sarah Tuch, who was the youngest in a family of twelve chil-
dren. In her native land she learned the baker's trade and gained a livelihood by
selling bread in the public market place of the town in which the family resided.
During her girlhood her father died of cholera and she then left home, emigrating
to the United States in a sailing vessel which was one hundred and fifty-five days in
making the voyage from Hamburg to New York. There she secured employment in
the sweat shops, working laboriously to earn a scant livelihood. Following their
marriage Mr. and Mrs. Franklin started for the west and upon reaching St. Joseph,
Missouri, there took a steamboat for Fort Benton, Montana, this being at a period
when the passengers were required to leave the boat in search of wood, which they
were obliged to cut and carry back to the steamer for fuel. Mr. and Mrs. Franklin
arrived in the Missouri valley during an epidemic of smallpox, which claimed as a
victim one of their children.

Their son, David Franklin, attended the common schools of San Francisco, to
which city his parents had removed from Montana and he also spent one year as a
student in the high school. On starting out in the business world be entered the employ
of a fruit commission house of San Francisco as bookkeeper, manager and general
utility man, working from four o'clock in the morning until six in the evening. For
eight years he was identified with B. Levy & Sons and then left San Francisco, arriv-
ing in Portland in 1891. Here he secured a position with Mark L. Cohen, a commis-
sion merchant, with whom he remained for about five years, or until the latter's
failure in business. In 1896 he established the mail order house of Franklin & Com-
pany, being associated in the undertaking with his two brothers, Charles and Abra-
ham Franklin, with whom he is still connected. Through close application and un-

554 HISTORY OP OREGON

remitting energy they have succeeded In building up a business of extensive propor-
tions, their trade now covering the states of Oregon, Montana, Washington and Cali-
fornia and also extending to British Columbia and Alaska. They are alert, enter-
prising and progressive business men and in connection with their mail order de-
partment they are also operating a printing plant, in which they publish all of the
catalogues issued by the firm, Mr. Franklin being also skilled in the work of type-
setting. At one time the company also engaged in the shipping business, being
owners of the steamer Argo which ran aground and was lost on Tillamook bar in 1907.
They are farsighted, energetic, capable business men and the house of Franklin &
Company has ever stood for reliability, integrity and progressiveness in all business
dealings.

In Portland, on the 19th of August, 1901, Mr. Franklin was united in marriage to
Miss Anna Freedman, a daughter of Louis Freedman of Portland who formerly resided
near Warsaw, in Russian Poland, and in order to avoid military service was smuggled
into Sweden. The two children of this union are Lawrence, eighteen years of age, who
is attending the University of California at Berkeley; and Sylvia, aged thirteen, who
is a student in the Lincoln high school of Portland.

In his political views Mr. Franklin is a republican and his religious faith is indi-
cated by his membership in the Temple of Beth Israel. He is identified with the Inde-
pendent Order of B'nai B'rith and with the Columbia Lodge of Masons. He is affable
in manner and an entertaining conversationalist, his reminiscences of early days in
the west being most interesting. For thirty years Mr. Franklin has resided in Portland
and has witnessed much of its growth and development. He has led a busy, active and
useful life, employing every opportunity to advance, and his present enviable position
in business circles of the Pacific northwest is attributable entirely to his own labors,
his close application and his laudable ambition. His business methods have ever bal-
anced up with the principles of truth and honor and Portland is fortunate in number-
ing him among her citizens.

HENRY EVERDING.

Among the honored pioneers of Oregon who contributed to the upbuilding of Port-
land and who have now passed from the scenes of earthly life was Henry Everding,
who was born in Hanover, Germany, April 14, 1833. His father died when the son was
quite young and the mother with the aid of her children afterward operated the home
farm in Germany until 1855, when, believing that they might have better opportunities
in the new world, they emigrated to the United States and made their way to Cali-
fornia, where they joined John Everding, a brother of Henry Everding of this review.
He had come to the new world in 1853 and other sons, Charles, Fred and Richard, had
made their way to the United States in 1854. Henry Everding of this review, after
landing in New Orleans, took a three weeks' trip up the Mississippi and Ohio rivers,
going to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he worked in a starch factory for six months. He
later spent a few months in clerking in different stores in that city and in this way
familiarized himself with the language and customs of the country.

In April, 1855, Henry Everding went to New York city and there embarked for
Aspinwall and from the western coast of Panama sailed on the John L. Stevens for San
Francisco. The boat carried fourteen hundred passengers and when thirty-six hours
out came upon the wreck of the ill fated Golden Age, a steamer that had met disaster.
A large number of its passengers were taken aboard the Stevens and were returned to
Panama. At length, however, in May, 1855, Mr. Everding arrived in San Francisco. He
obtained employment in the starch factory of his brother, John Everding, who was
a pioneer in that line of business on the Pacific coast. Later he and his brother Fred-
erick stocked and conducted a ranch in Contra Costa county, Frederick acting as
manager of the ranching interests, however, while Henry Everding remained as an
employe in the starch factory until 1S64. In that year he came to Portland, where he
established a grain, feed and produce business in connection with Edwin Beebe, under
the firm name of Everding & Beebe. This place was located on Front and Taylor streets
and after Mr. Beebe's death Mr. Everding conducted the business alone for a number
of years. In fact his was the oldest commission house in Portland and at an early day
conducted a very extensive business throughout the northwest. In business affairs

HENRY EVERDING

HISTORY OF OREGON 557

Mr. Everding manifested keen sagacity and unfaltering determination, and his persis-
tency of purpose led to the attainment of well earned success.

In 1870 Mr. Everding was united in marriage to Miss Theresa Harding, a daughter
of August and Therese (Hackman) Harding, who were natives of Prussia, Germany.
Mr. Harding came to the United States in 1853 and settled at San Francisco, while three
years later he was Joined by his wife and children. Mrs. Everding came to Portland
in 1869, and she has two sisters and a brother who are still living in California. The
year after her arrival in Portland Therese Harding became the wife of Mr. Everding
and has since been a resident of this city.

Mr. Everding was one of the loyal followers of the Masonic fraternity. He be-
longed to Willamette Lodge, No. 2, A. F. & A. M., and became a charter member of
Oregon Commandery, No. 1, K. T. He also belonged to the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows and was ever a faithful follower of the teachings of these orders. He was
regarded as one of Portland's substantial and highly honored pioneers and citizens and
was prominently identified with the upbuilding of the northwest. His religious faith
was that of the Lutheran church and his political allegiance was given to the republican
party. He passed away October 15, 1913, and his death was deeply regretted by many
friends, but most of all in his own household, for he was distinctly a home man and
found his greatest happiness at his own fireside. He counted no effort nor sacrifice
on his part too great if it would promote the welfare and happiness of his wife and
he was always ready to do good in any direction and on many occasions extended a help-
ing hand to the poor and needy.

HOMER HALLOCK HINDMAN.

Homer Hallock Hindman, who for many years was a prosperous farmer and stock
raiser of Oregon, demonstrated in his life the possibilities for the attainment of success,
as his prosperity came to him as the direct reward of persistent and earnest labor.
He was born in Iowa, January 3, 1862, his parents being William and Sarah Hindman.
The father was a native of Pennsylvania and in early life removed to Iowa, where
he was married, his wife being a native of Nova Scotia. He took up the occupation
of farming and in the year 1864 came to the Pacific coast, settling first in Baker, Oregon,
in which locality he secured a homestead claim. He then turned his attention to the
cattle business, in which he was very successful. In fact he was associated with
many interests and activities which constituted valuable forces in the early develop-
ment of the region. He was mining for a time, at Auburn and in 1915 he retired from
active business, removing to Los Angeles, California, where his remaining days were
passed, his death there occurring in 1917. His wife had died before the removal to
Oregon, passing away at the age of about fifty years.

Homer Hallock Hindman acquired a common school education in Baker City,
Oregon, and later pursued a course in a business college at Portland. He afterward
returned to Baker and in connection with his brother followed farming and stock
raising, his business affairs being most profitably and wisely conducted. Year after
year their interests increased and at the time of the death of H. H. Hindman in 1904
the brothers owned about eight hundred head of fine stock and a good farm. Subse-
quent to his demise the stock was sold, but his widow still continues to hold her
interest in the farm.

It was on the 13th of November, 1889, in Baker City, that Mr. Hindman was mar-
ried to Miss Grace Oakes, a daughter of Omega and Isabella Oakes, both of whom
were born in Pennyslvania. The father removed to Iowa after the Civil war and
engaged in photography there until 1875, when he came to the west, establishing his
home at Roseburg, Oregon. In 1887 he removed to Baker City, where his remaining
days were passed. He had rendered active service to the Union army during the
Civil war and as he grew old he was accorded a pension and retired from active busi-
ness. He passed away in January, 1918, but his widow survives and Is now making
her home with her daughter, Mrs. Hindman. To Mr. and Mrs. Hindman were born
the following, named: Isabelle, whose birth occurred in Baker City, November 17, 1898,
and who was married August 16, 1920, to Jack R. Dooley, their home being now In
Marshfield, Oregon; Richard C, who was born in Baker, May 16, 1903; Dorothy,
who was born June 16, 1904, and is a student in the high school at Baker City; two
children who died in infancy; Fay, who was born in Baker in 1891 and on the 11th

558 HISTORY OF OREGON

of October, 1915, became the wife of Bernhard Baer, becoming the mother of a son.
Homer, on the 31st of July, 1916, while her death occurred on the 9th of August fol-
lowing, her little son now making his home with his grandmother, Mrs. Hindman.

Mr. Hindman was at one time a member of the state militia. He paid very little
attention to politics, however, but on one occasion, in 1892, was a candidate for the
office of sheriff. He voted with the democratic party and fraternally he was connected
with the Elks and with the Knights of Pythias.

JOHN P. WEAVER.

John P. Weaver, who became a well known contractor and builder of Portland
and was otherwise identified with constructive business interests at various points in
Oregon, was a native of Pennyslvania, his birth having occurred in Adams county,
September 7, 1846, his parents being Josiah G. and Maria Susan Weaver, both of whom
have passed away. John P. Weaver spent the period of his boyhood and early youth
in his native state, acquiring his public school education there, and when a lad of
seventeen he enlisted in a Pennsylvania cavalry regiment and went to the front in
defense of the Union cause in the Civil war. He participated in many notable battles,
including the engagements at Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Hatchie's Run, Poplar Grove
and Appomattox. It was in February, 1863, that he enlisted, serving until the end of
the war as a member of Troop H. Twenty-first Pennsylvania Cavalry, and with that com-
mand he participated in seventeen important engagements, being mustered out at
Lynchburg. Virginia, after the close of hostilities and receiving his discharge at Harris-
burg, Pennsylvania, July 14, 1865. The opportunities of the west attracted him and
soon afterward he made arrangements to leave his native state.

Mr. Weaver went first to Council Bluffs, Iowa, where he was engaged in brick
manufacturing, in the canning business, in publishing and in a number of other con-
structive business enterprises. The year 1907 witnessed his arrival in Portland, where
he turned his attention to contracting and building and he also had an interest in
a brick plant at The Dalles. He carefully and wisely managed his business affairs
and based his progress upon principles which neither seek nor require disguise. In
the conduct of his business he was called upon to erect the United States National
Bank at Vancouver, Washington, the high school building at The Dalles, the high school
building at Newberg and also school buildings at Forest Grove and Heppner, in addition
to the structures which he erected in Portland.

On the 1st of May, 1878. Mr. Weaver was married to Miss Mary Hilferty, a daugh-
ter of Charles and Isabelle (Cunningham) Hilferty, who were natives of Ireland, where
Mrs. Weaver was also born, being only about eighteen months old when her parents
left the Emerald isle and came to the new world. To Mr. and Mrs. Weaver were born
five children: Laura, who is now the widow of Russell M. Riner; May, deceased;
Howard; John N. ; and Rufus. The son John served as a soldier in the World war,
being connected with the army for nineteen months and spending fourteen months of
that period in France.

Mr. Weaver was a lifelong democrat, always giving stalwart support to the party.
He belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having his membership in
Council Bluffs, and he was likewise a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity.
After his removal to the west his efforts and energies were largely concentrated upon
his business affairs and he did with thoroughness everything that he undertook and
discharged every duty with a sense of conscientious obligation. Men who knew him
attested his sterling worth and the buildings which he erected stand as monuments
to his reliability and honor as well as to his skill and efficiency as a builder.

HON. JOSEPH F. YATES.

Hon. Joseph F. Yates, senior member of the law firm of Yates & Lewis, prominent
attorneys of Corvallis, is one of the native sons of Oregon, his birth having occurred
in Linn county on the 3d of July, 1866. He is a son of Joseph and Martha J. (Robnett)
Yates, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Missouri. The father was
reared in Arkansas and pursued his education in the schools of that state. When

HISTORY OF OREGON 559

eighteen years of age he crossed the plains with ox teams to Oregon, arriving in this
state in 1851 and casting in his lot with the early pioneers. Settling in Linn county,
he became the owner of a farm near Brownsville, which he engaged in cultivating for
a period of twelve years, and then traded that property for his present farm near
Corvallis. This is a well improved and valuable property and he was active in its opera-
tion until 1900, after which he there lived retired for five years, or until 1905, when
he moved to Corvallis. He is the last surviving member of a family of fifteen, and
since his wife's death in March, 1918, he has resided with his children. He is a repub-
lican in his political views and a stanch supporter of the principles and candidates of
the party. Mr. Yates is familiar with every phase of pioneer life in the west and is
a veteran of the Indian wars, serving as a lieutenant under Captain Keeney in the
Rogue River campaign. His mind is stored with many interesting incidents of the
early days and forms a connecting link between the primitive past with the hardships
and privations of frontier life and the present with its progress and prosperity.

Joseph F. Yates was reared in Linn county and here attended school, subsequently
becoming a student in the Oregon Agricultural College at Corvallis, from which he
was graduated in 18S5 with the A. B. degree. He then engaged in teaching for three
years, devoting his leisure hours to the study of law, after which he entered the
law office of J. K. Weatherford at Albany, Oregon, and later received the appointment
of deputy county clerk. He continued the study of law for one year at Albany and
then became an employe of the Benton County Bank at Corvallis. At that time he
was the only employe of the bank, which was conducted by M. S. Woodcock, in whose
library Mr. Yates was enabled to pursue his law studies during his unoccupied hours.
Subsequently his employer organized the First National Bank, Mr. Yates taking stock
therein which he still retains, and in this institution Mr. Yates was made cashier,
in which capacity he served for two years. He then resigned in order to devote all
his time to the study of his chosen profession and for one year was connected with
the law office of Charles E. Wolverton at Albany. There he prepared for the supreme
court examination, which he successfully passed, being admitted to the bar of Oregon
in 1893. He opened an office in Albany and there practiced his profession for eight
months, at the end of which time he removed to Corvallis and formed a partnership
with Judge Bryson and W. E. Yates, his brother, an association which was maintained
for about a year, when Judge Bryson passed away. Mr. Yates and his brother con-
tinued in partnership for a period of ten years, when W. E. Yates went to Vancouver,
Washington, and opened a law office, which he has since conducted in conjunction with
his son under the firm name of Yates & Yates. Joseph F. Yates continued to prac-
tice alone until 1915. when he became associated with Jay L. Lewis under the firm
style of Yates & Lewis, a relationship that is still maintained. They have a valuable
law library and their ability in their profession has won for them a large and repre-
sentative clientage. Mr. Yates enjoys the distinction of representing the state of
Oregon longer than any other person continuously, he having served as attorney for
the State Land Board for more than a quarter of a century.

Mr. Yates is a man of high professional attainments and broad experience and
his standing as a lawyer is indicated in the fact that he was called to fill the office of
city attorney, serving two terms and resigning to become municipal judge of Corvallis,
in which capacity he served three terms, and subsequently served a term as county
judge for Benton county, making a most creditable record in those offices. While
upon the bench his decisions indicated strong mentality, careful analysis, a thorough
knowledge of the law and an unbiased judgment, his ability being based upon a finely
balanced mind and splendid intellectual attainments.

Judge Yates is a man of diversified interests and is president of the Benton County
Abstract Company. He has been vice president of the Benton County State Bank,
of which he has been a stockholder since the time of its organization, and he is now
serving on its board of directors. He also has valuable farming interests, owning a
farm two and a half miles west of Corvallis and another adjoining the old home place.
He is a man of keen business discernment and sound Judgment whose plans are well
formed and promptly executed.

In November, 1896, Judge Yates was united in marriage to Miss Lucy G. Wiles,
a daughter of John and Martha (Huggert) Wiles, natives of Missouri. In 1849 her
parents crossed the plains to Oregon, settling in Benton county, where the father
took up a government claim and also purchased land. This he cleared and developed,
continuing to reside upon his property throughout the remainder of his life. Judge
and Mrs. Yates have no children of their own but have assisted three young men in

560 HISTORY OF OREGON

securing good educational advantages, defraying their expenses at the Oregon Agricul-
tural College.

In his political views the Judge is a republican and he is much interested in
the welfare and progress of his community, serving for one term as mayor of Corvallis,
his administration proving most beneficial to the interests of the city. Fraternally he
is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks,
the Loyal Order of Moose, the United Artisans and the Masons, holding membership
in the Shrine. Since the age of eighteen he has been a member of the Grange, and
in religious faith he is a Presbyterian. He is a loyal and patriotic citizen and during
the World war he rendered important and valuable service to his country as a member
of the legal advisory board. His sense of duty is keen, his ideals of life high, and
association with Judge Yates means expansion and elevation. It seems that he en-
tered upon a profession for which nature intended him, for in his chosen calling he
has made steady progress and has carved his name high on the keystone of the legal
arch of Oregon.

MRS. W. H. GRAY.

Side by side with the fathers, husbands and brothers who constituted the mighty
army that conquered the west for civilization stood the women, who in spirit were as
heroic, whose endurance was as great and whose zeal as untiring as that displayed
by the men of the pioneer households. Many of them were reared in eastern homes of
culture and refinement, tenderly nurtured and carefully educated. It seems that it
would have required sterner stuff to meet the conditions here to be found, but one
of the elements in Oregon's splendid citizenship of today is found in the gentle in-
fluence and consecrated lives of those eastern bred women. History contains no more
thrilling story than the records of their lives, and military records present no account
of greater fearlessness in the face of danger than is contained in the life story of
Mrs. W. H. Gray, who in 1838 came as a missionary to the Oregon country. Her
Christian work was

"A labor loved and followed to the goal . . .
A faith so sure of the divine intent
It dignifies the deeds of daily life."

In her maidenhood Mrs. Gray bore the name of Mary Augusta Dix. She was of
English lineage and came of the same ancestry as Dorothy A. Dix, the philanthropist.
She was born at Ballston Spa, New York, January 2, 1810, and was one of a large family,
there being seven daughters, who were reared in a Christian home amid refined asso-
ciations. Her parents took an active interest in church work and it was no unusual
thing to see them with their seven daughters seated in the church choir, the mother
and daughters dressed In white. The first break in the happy home circle came in
February, 1838, when W. H. Gray, of Utica, New York, sought the hand of Mary Dix
in marriage. He had recently returned from the Oregon country, where he had gone
in 1836 with Dr. Marcus Whitman and Rev. H. H. Spalding as secular agent of the
missions they went to establish. She was to be not wife alone but colaborer in this
mission field. Not long before the death of Mrs. Gray her daughter. Mrs. Kamm, said
to her: "Mother, I have often wondered how, with your education and surround-
ings, the refinements of life you were accustomed to and your personal habits, you
could possibly have made up your mind to marry a man to whom you were a total
stranger so short a time before and go with him on such a terrible journey thousands
of miles from civilization into an unknown wilderness, exposed to countless dangers.
Mother, how did you do it?" After a few moments' pause her mother replied with
earnestness and solemnity: "Carrie, I dared not refuse. Ever since the day I gave
myself to Jesus, it has been my daily prayer. 'Lord, what wilt thou have me to do?' "
When this question. 'Will you go to Oregon as one of a little band of missionaries to teach
the poor Indians of their Saviour?' was so suddenly proposed to me, I felt that it was
the call of the Lord in answer to my prayers and I could not do otherwise."

This was the motive that led Mrs. Gray to sever home ties and to go with her
husband in the work of consecrated Christian service to the far west. By steamer
and stage coach they traveled westward until they reached Independence, Missouri,
where they were joined by the Rev. Cushing Eels, Rev. Alkanah Walker, Mr. and Mrs.
A. B. Smith and Mr. Rogers, who were also to become workers in the missionary field.

HISTORY OF OREGON 561

They planned to make the journey on horseback — a difficult undertaking as well as
an arduous one in that day when the streams and rivers in the west were unbridged
and when little more than an obscure trail marked the way to the coast. The Indians
were a constant menace and often surrounded their camp, standing around like great
dogs and sometimes even following the party all day. They carried with them tents
which served as shelter at night, while a buffalo robe and oilcloth blankets con-
stituted their beds. At times their blankets would become heavy with rain and their
clothing in the morning would be as damp as when they took it off the night before.
When darkness came upon them they pitched their tents, spread the robes upon the
ground within and then the piece of oilcloth. The saddles and loose baggage were
arranged neatly about on the walls inside and rolled up blankets served for seats. In
the center of the tent a table was spread for the evening meal. At night the cries
and howling of wild animals could be heard. When day broke, about 3:30 in the
morning, all were astir; the animals were turned out to feed, breakfast prepared and
eaten, the dishes washed, the repacking done, morning prayers were said and they
were ready for the journey of another day. They had traveled for one hundred and
twenty-nine days after leaving Independence, Missouri, when on the 29th of August,
1838, they reached Whitman mission, where they were joyously greeted by Dr. and
Mrs. Whitman and Rev. and Mrs. Spalding, who had been anxiously awaiting them.
Mr. and Mrs. Gray became the assistants of Mr. and Mrs. Spalding, who were in charge
of the mission at Lapwai. Mrs. Gray earnestly undertook the task of teaching the
Indian women and children and soon was instructing a band of fifty or more natives
whom she taught under a pine tree until a log schoolhouse could be built. It was a
primitive structure with puncheon seats and earthen floor. There Mrs. Gray continued
her labors until November, 1842. Her well trained voice proved a potent factor in
her work. When she first joined in the singing at family prayers Rev. Mr. Spalding
realized what a power her voice would be in his Sunday worship and requested her
to take charge of that part of the service. The Indians, too, were visibly impressed
by her singing and spoke of her as "Christ's sister," and told the tale of her music
long afterward. No doubt the awakening powers of her voice, coupled with her rare
sweetness of character, had much to do with bringing about the great revival among
the Nez Perce Indians. Several hundred made confession of religion and the in-
fluence was at least in a degree lasting, for years after Mr. Spalding left that field
the Indians in many of the lodges continued to read the Bible, to sing hymns, to
pray and return thanks at their meals.

In November, 1842, the Gray family came to the Willamette valley, Mr. Gray
having severed his connection with the missions to accept the appointment of secular
agent for the Oregon Institute. The journey to the coast was one of untold hardships,
the parents, their son and two daughters floating down the Columbia to Celilo in a
bateau belonging to the Hudson Bay Company. Believing that the trial would be
safer than the turbulent waters of the Columbia near the Cascades, Mr. Gray arranged
that he and his family should proceed on the backs of Indian ponies, but when they
were deep in the mountains they encountered a severe snow storm which not only
imperiled their lives but rendered further travel impossible. Some of their Indian
guides were then sent to Fort Vancouver for help. At the Columbia the red men
found a canoe in which they proceeded down the river and when Dr. McLaughlin
heard that a woman and little children were snowbound in the mountains he at once
sent a boat manned by Hudson Bay Company men to their relief. Mrs. Gray's calm
faith and belief that all would yet be well served to keep up the courage of the others
and as the relief party were making their way up the Columbia, there came to them
upon the wings of the wind the strains of a song that she was singing. Thus they
directed their course to where the little party were imprisoned. They returned with
the family to the river bank, where embarkation was made for Port Vancouver.

From that time forward the work of Mr. and Mrs. Gray proved a strong force
in advancing the religious development of Oregon and also the temperance and edu-
cational work. Their home was the center from which radiated social and reform
movements. In 1846 they assisted in forming on Clatsop plains the first Presbyterian
church in the northwest. The strongest influences in life are often the most intangible
and who can measure the work of this noble couple who were never contented with
the second best but chose those things which are highest and holiest? Every movement
or measure for the promotion of truth, justice and righteousness received their support
and many such found their impetus in their home. In 1869 they returned on a visit
to their old home in New York, going from Portland to San Francisco and thence
Vol. n— 3 6

562 HISTORY OF OREGON

across the continent by rail, accomplishing In a few days a journey to which they had
devoted months when they made their way on horseback to the Pacific coast thirty-
two years before. It has been said of Mrs. Gray that her presence was gentle and
dignified. Many there are who yet bear testimony to the nobility of her character.
She possessed a pure spirit and a strong soul and was so pacific in her disposition
that under the severest tests she remained calm and self-possessed. Her last words
were a prayer that her husband, children and friends might join her in the Father's
house not made with hands. She passed away at her country home, the Klalskanie
farm, December 8, 1881. when nearly seventy-two years of age, survived by her hus-
band and seven of the nine children born to her. The high sensitiveness of her nature
was tempered by a serenity that had its root in an unwavering faith. She never
faltered when she believed that the work before her was that which her Maker intended
that she should do. Of a most quiet, refined nature, her life was a restraining power to
the spirit of lawlessness which is too often an element in a new community where
an organization of society and of government has not been effected. While her words
carried weight and influence, the beauty of her own Christian life and spirit constituted
a still stronger power for good.

CHARLES H. RALSTON.

Charles H. Ralston, now living retired at Lebanon, is one of the honored pioneers
of Oregon, having spent his life within its borders, and is familiar with the entire
history of its development and upbuilding, his memory forming a connecting link
between the primitive past and the progressive present. Mr. Ralston was born on the
plains of Wyoming, while his parents were en route from Iowa to Oregon, on the 1st
of June, 1847, and is a son of Jeremiah and Jemima (Ashpaugh) Ralston, the former
born near Nashville, Tennessee, and the latter a native of Hamilton county, Ohio. The
father had learned the trade of a carpenter in Cincinnati, to which city his parents
had removed when he was eleven years of age. He later became a resident of Indiana
and in 1S37 went to Iowa, engaging in general merchandising in Burlington, that state,
until 1847, when he started across the plains to Oregon with three wagons and twenty
yoke of oxen, reaching his destination in September of that year after a long and
hazardous trip. He was one of the earliest pioneers of Oregon and to the work of
development and improvement he contributed in substantial measure. He took up
a donation claim in Linn county and by tireless energy and undaunted perseverance
gradually brought his land under a high state of cultivation. About 1856 or 1857 he
laid out the town of Lebanon and there opened a store, which was the first in the town
and the county. This he conducted for about eight years and then turned his atten-
tion to the supervision of his land and stock interests, continuing a resident of Lebanon
throughout the remainder of his life. Mr. and Mrs. Ralston were members of the
Methodist church and were actively interested in its work, contributing liberally to
its support. He met an accidental death in August, 1S77, at the age of eighty years,
while the mother passed away December 25, 1894, when seventy-seven years of age.
They were numbered among the honored pioneers of the state and were widely known
and held in the highest esteem by all who knew them. They had become the parents
of nine children and two of their sons saw service in the Indian wars.

Charles H. Ralston was the youngest in the family that crossed the plains. He
was reared and educated in Lebanon and after pursuing a course in the public schools
attended Santiam Academy at Lebanon. After completing his studies he assisted his
brothers in the conduct of a store at Oregon City for about three years and then
operated his father's farm until 1876, when he once more entered mercantile circles,
becoming identified with the conduct of a grocery store at Lebanon, thus continuing
for several years. He next became interested in financial aifairs, acting as cashier and
manager of the Lebanon Bank until the financial panic of 1893 compelled it to close
its doors. He then accepted the position of weigher and ganger in the customs house
at Portland and served in that capacity for a period of thirteen years, since which
time he has lived practically retired.

In 1870 Mr. Ralston was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Katherine Griggs, a
daughter of A. B. and Sarah Jane (Morris) Griggs, who were born in the vicinity of
Quincy, Illinois. In 1848 her parents came west to Oregon and settled in Linn county,
six miles east of Lebanon, where the father took up a donation land claim, which he

HISTORY OF OREGON 565

developed and improved, continuing its operation for a number of years. Subsequently
he engaged in the feed business in Albany where he resided the remainder of his life,
his death occurring in April, 1904. The mother had long preceded him to the Home
beyond, her demise occurring in September, 1S62. Mr. and Mrs. Ralston became the
parents of four children: Maude, now the wife of Hugh Kirkpatrick, who is serving
as postmaster of Lebanon and has also been identified with newspaper interests here;
Charles H., Jr., at home; Jessie, who married Sigurd Landstrom, a prominent jeweler
of Lebanon; and Frankie, who was the third in order of birth and is now deceased,
her death occurring in September, 1S85. when she was nine years of age.

Mr. Ralston gives his political allegiance to the democratic party and has taken
a prominent part in public affairs of his locality. He was one of the first councilmen of
Lebanon, being appointed by the state legislature, and at various times has served in
that capacity, while for two terms he was mayor of Lebanon, giving to the city a most
business-like and progressive administration. Mrs. Ralston is a member of the Presby-
terian church and to its teachings she steadfastly adheres. Mr. Ralston is a man of
high personal standing, whose sterling worth of character is recognized by all with
whom he has been associated. For seventy-four years he has been a resident of this
state and great changes have occurred during this period. He remembers when the
country was wild and undeveloped with only a few scattered dwellings to show that
the seeds of civilization had been planted. The passing years have brought their
influx of settlers and with interest Mr. Ralston has watched changing events and in
considerable measure has contributed to the development of his community, his aid and
influence being ever on the side of progress and improvement.

WARREN E. McCORD.

Warren E. McCord, a lumberman of Portland, passed away January 28, 1917. He
•was born in Allegany county. New York, July 16, 1847, and was a little lad of six
years when in 1S53 he accompanied his parents, Myron Hawley and Anna E. McCord,
to Wolf River, Wisconsin. His father was a pioneer lumberman of that state and he
also built the first steam sawmill in the state of New York.

Warren E. McCord attended the public schools of Wolf River to the age of fifteen
years and then entered Lawrence University of Wisconsin. He then entered upon
the study of medicine and on his way to Rush Medical College of Chicago, to receive
his degree, he was married to Miss Ellen C. Wiley, at Janesville, Wisconsin, on the
1st of November, 1866. As the years passed they became the parents of four daughters
and one son, but the son, Warren E.. died in infancy. The daughters are: Mrs.
Jesse R. Sharp of Portland; Mrs. G. C. Von Egloffstein of Portland; Mrs. Lyman Powell
of Superior, Wisconsin; and Mrs. J. S. O'Gorman of Portland.

Throughout his entire life Mr. McCord was identified with the lumber business.
When seventeen years of age he began lumbering on his own account and operated
on the Wolf river until 1872, when he removed to Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, and be-
came interested in timber investments located on the Chippewa river, in connection
with Frederick Weyerhauser and Laird & Norton. Mr. McCord disposed of his busi-
ness in Wisconsin in 1899 and went to Idaho, where he looked up large tracts of timber.
In connection with Henry Turrish, Mr. Weyerhauser and the Kehl & Deary Company,
he purchased practically all of the accessible white pine timber in that state and in
1903 disposed of his holdings to the Weyerhauser interests. Mr. McCord was connected
with R. D. Marshall, L. C. Stanley and J. B. Kehl in the ownership and operation of
the Electric Light, Water Works & Gas Company at Chippewa Falls for many years.
He also organized and operated the Water Works and Light plant at Iron River, and
extending his efforts into still other fields of business, he organized the First National
Bank and built the first brick block there, and in connection with others, built the
railroad to the city of Washburn on Lake Superior. He afterward located government
lands until 1906 when he removed to Portland, and with Frank Boutan, R. D. Marshall,
and L. T. Powell of Wisconsin, and Henry Hewitt of Tacoma, bought large tracts of
timber in Washington, Oregon and California. In association with Mr. Frank Boutan,
he bought a large tract of yellow fir near Oak Point, Washington, and organized the
Wisconsin Logging & Timber Company which puts in fifty million feet of logs per
year, selling the output in the Portland market.

In connection with Mr. Boutan he bought ten thousand acres of spruce on Coos

566 HISTORY OF OREGON

Bay and formed the Coos Bay Lumber & Coal Company. From this tract, which
originally cost one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, they sold prior to Mr. McCord's
death, stumpage to the value of two million dollars and had as much left. This
ground is underlaid with coal and parties are now drilling for petroleum and gas, with
strong evidence of its becoming famous as an oil producing district.

Mr. McCord's identification with business affairs in his later years was that of
president of the Wisconsin Logging & Timber Company, of the Five States Timber
Company, Western Timber Syndicate, Hewitt-McCord Timber Company, McCord Lumber
Company, and secretary-treasurer of the Coos Bay Lumber & Coal Company. His oper-
ations represented mammoth proportions in connection with the development of the
lumber industry in the northwest and he belonged to that class of men who greatly
aided in promoting the upbuilding and prosperity of the commonwealth. He was
manly, had splendid business ability and possessed strong powers of organization com-
bined with executive force. His activities always spelled success and his ability to
build up enterprises brought him to the prominent and commanding position which
he long occupied.

ROBERT LEE TUCKER.

As the name inevitably suggests Robert Lee Tucker is descended from a Virginia
family of some note, dating back to Revolutionary times. His parents were Lewis and
Wlnnifred (Howell) Tucker. Robert Lee Tucker's grandfather was born in North
Carolina and moved to Alabama, where Lewis Tucker was born. The family were for
generations extensive landholders and slave-owners and as was true of many old
southern families, were divided on the question of slavery. When the Civil war was
precipitated Lewis Tucker Joined the Union army, while certain of his brothers espoused
the Confederate cause and served in the Confederate army. The family was a large
one and members of it have become prominent on both sides of the Mason and Dixon
line. Tilman M. Tucker, on the southern side, was governor of Mississippi. The
Howells were of the pioneer stock of Kentucky and the family were planters in the
Blue Grass region of that state for generations.

Robert Lee Tucker was born in White county, Arkansas, in August, 1S81. He
received his primary education in the schools of Lincoln, Nebraska, and his collegiate
course at the University of Nebraska and at Washington State College. After com-
pleting a business course at a commercial college in Spokane, Washington, he became
assistant secretary of the Y. M. C. A. at Spokane for a year. The following three years
he spent in Kellogg, Idaho, where he took up the lumber business and soon became
manager of the yard. A salesman next for a firm dealing in building material, he
spent a year on the road and then returned to Idaho as manager of a line yard at
American Falls. After two and a half years in the employ of that company he pur-
chased an interest in a hardware store, which he retained for a year. He again be-
came manager of a line yard until 1911 when he went to Portland and established
yards at Tigard, Donald and Beaverton. These he operated for four years and then
disposed of them in order to become city salesman for the North Pacific Lumber Com-
pany. In 1917 he went to Salt Lake City and associated himself with the George
Merrill Company as yard specialist, later becoming the secretary of the Bonneville
branch of that company, one of the largest of the Merrill companies, operating twenty-
seven yards.

In the fall of 1918 he came to Oregon and purchased a sawmill and an interest
in a real estate business. It was not long, however, before he sold out his business
Interests and became Portland city salesman and later manager of the retail depart-
ment of the North Pacific Lumber Company. In 1919 he purchased the property of
the Badger Lumber Company and has since conducted the business with marked success.
The premises, located at Washington and Main streets and adjacent to the Southern
Pacific Railroad tracks, measure two hundred feet on Main street, one hundred and
twenty feet on Washington street along the line of the Oregon Electric Company's
tracks and four hundred feet along the Southern Pacific Railroad's right of way. The
purchase of the Badger Company's holdings was purely a real estate deal, there being
no stock included. At the present time the yards contain a twenty-five thousand dollar
stock of lumber and building materials, sheds and a planing mill forty by one hundred

HISTORY OF OREGON 567

and twenty feet and transact a business which covers Washington county and the
counties adjacent.

Mr. Tucker has been so variously and so deeply engrossed in business that he has
found no time for politics except as an intelligent and public-spirited voter. The one
position he has ever filled which might in any way be called political was that of
chairman of the school board of American Falls, Idaho. During his administration
the board built the present school building in that city at a cost of forty thousand
dollars. Fraternally Mr. Tucker is a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. As a member
of the Hillsboro Methodist church he serves on the board of trustees.

Mr. Tucker was married in 1906 to Helen Crandall Peck, daughter of Frank C.
and Carrie L. Peck, members of an old New York family, antedating the Revolution.
Mrs. Tucker is a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal church and is prominent
in its activities. She is a woman of talent, including exceptional musical ability, and
before her marriage devoted much time to teaching. Their children, Helen Margaret
and Robert Frank are pupils in the Hillsboro primary schools.

WILLIAM A. LESLIE.

In the passing of William A. Leslie, Joseph and Wallowa county, Oregon, lost a
representative citizen and financial leader. His death occurred suddenly on the 19th
of September, 1890, at the age of thirty-one years, when on returning from a business
trip to Portland he was taken seriously ill and soon passed away. His death was the
occasion of deep grief to his many friends in the community and his passing has
left a void which it will be hard to fill.

William A. Leslie was born in Henderson county, Illinois, July 10, 1859, a son of
James and Sarah (McQuown) Leslie, the former a native of Virginia, while the latter
was born in Illinois. James Leslie came to Illinois when but a small boy with his
parents and in that state he grew to manhood and was married. He was a musician
of ability and engaged in teaching and worked at various occupations the early part
of his life. For some time he was employed in Chicago and then removed to Page
county, Iowa, where he followed the insurance business, subsequently going to Lamed,
Kansas, where he continued in the same business. James Leslie is living at the age
of eighty-four years and is a respected citizen of the community in which he resides.
The death of his first wife occurred at College Springs, Iowa, and he was later married
to Ida Donaldson, who is also living. The political allegiance of James Leslie is given
to the republican party and both he and his wife are consistent members of the Pres-
byterian church.

At the age of seventeen years William A. Leslie left Henderson county, Illinois,
for College Springs, Iowa, at which latter place he completed his education. In June
of the year 1885 he decided to come west and arriving in Salem, Oregon, remained there
for a short time. He then removed to Joseph, where he was given a clerkship in the
general store of a Mr. McCully and he served in that connection until, upon the organ-
ization of the First Bank, he became its cashier. This position he filled with ability until
September, 1890, when he resigned to take a like position with the Farmers and
Traders Bank, now the United States National Bank of La Grande. He did not live
to enter into this work, however, for upon returning from a business trip to Portland,
where he had gone to buy furniture for the bank, he was taken seriously ill at his
home in Joseph and passed away on the 19th of September, 1890, when but thirty-
one years of age.

In 1878 Mr. Leslie had been married to Miss Anna Pollock, daughter of D. Ross
and Agnes (Harper) Pollock, and a native of Page county, Iowa. Her father was a
native of Greene county, Ohio, as was her mother and their marriage was celebrated
in Warren county, that state. They later removed to Page county, Iowa, where the
father was a prominent farmer and merchant and there his death occurred in April,
1890, at the age of sixty-five years. The death of Mrs. Pollock occurred in March,
1905, when sixty-five years of age. Four children were born to the union of Mr. and
Mrs. Leslie: J. Ross, who is manager of the Inland Motor Company, with headquarters
at La Grande; Glenn E., who for many years was in charge of the grocery department
of the McCully store at Joseph and who passed away in 1919, aged thirty-five years;
Agnes, who is now Mrs. G. R. Claycomb of Joseph; and Claire, now Mrs. J. P. Mullen

568 HISTORY OP OREGON

of Joseph. Mrs. Leslie is living in her fine home in Joseph,, a prominent and greatly
respected woman of the community.

Throughout his life William A. Leslie was a stanch supporter of the republican
party, having firm belief in the principles of that party as factors in good govern-
ment. He was a member of no fraternal organizations but was a consistent and active
member of the Presbyterian church. Had he lived his further success in financial
circles would have been assured, for he had already won, by his genuine personal worth
and sterling traits of character, the unbounded confidence and esteem of the entire
community.

FRANKLIN A. BERLIN.

Franklin A. Berlin, now deceased, was for many years a prominent farmer in
Umatilla county. He was born in Berryville, Clarke county, Virginia, March 23, 1867,
a son of Lewis Berlin, who was also a native of Virginia and there he received his edu-
cation. On the outbreak of the Civil war, Lewis Berlin enlisted in the Confederate
army and served throughout the entire period. After receiving his discharge he re-
turned home, and although he had followed farming in early life, he afterward engaged
in blacksmithing, in which connection he continued until his death. He was a con-
sistent supporter of the democratic party, and his religious faith was that of the
Baptist church.

Franklin A. Berlin received his education in Virginia and there remained until
he was seventeen years of age, when in 1890 he came west with some friends and settled
at Weston, Umatilla county. He was employed in a brickyard for a number of years
and then entered into partnership with his brother, John, leasing some land which
they operated successfully for some time. He later purchased four hundred acres
at forty dollars per acre, which land he improved and cultivated. A quarter section
was then added to the original purchase, and other additional land from time to time,
until he was in possession of seven hundred and twenty-five acres of well improved
land, all in Umatilla county. In March, 1919, he purchased a home near Athena, con-
sisting of one hundred and twenty-five acres, and there his death occurred on the
23d of September, 1919.

It was on July 1, 1903, that Mr. Berlin was united in marriage to Miss Therese
Hays, a daughter o£ J. A. and Azuba (Ogle) Hays and a native of Richarilson county.
Nebraska. For many years her father engaged in farming in Nebraska and then came
west, locating in Athena. He is now living at the age of seventy-one years, but her
mother passed away August 2, 189S. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Berlin four children
were born: Lewis, Dorothy, Mary and Fay.

Mr. Berlin always gave his allegiance to the democratic party, having firm belief
in its principles as factors in good government. Fraternally he was a Mason, a
Knight of Pythias and a Woodman of the World, and his religious faith was that or
the Baptist church, of which organization he was treasurer for several years. Although
the greater part of his life was devoted to his farming interests he took an active part
in the development and improvement of the community and was a director in the
Farmers Union of Athena and of a grain agency. He had lived in Athena but a short
time before his death, but in the country near by for many years, and in that time
he had built up many and true friendships, and his demise came as a severe blow
to the community. Mrs. Berlin still survives her husband and is a well known and
prominent citizen of Athena.

JOSEPH McCUSKER.

Joseph McCusker, who became closely connected with industrial activity in Port-
land, was born in New York city in 1870, a son of Edward and Ellen (Smith) Mc-
Cusker, but while reared upon the Atlantic seaboard his later years were passed on the
Pacific coast and in Portland he departed this life. He was but four years of age
when his father died in the Empire state. His mother afterward married again, be-
coming the wife of Thomas Frost, who removed with the family to California, settling
in San Francisco, where Joseph McCusker largely acquired his education in the public

FRANKLIN A. BERLIN

HISTORY OP OREGON 571

schools, also attending St. Mary's College at Oakland, California. He started out
upon his business career by entering the employ of the Smith Labeling Company of
San Francisco, with which he remained for a few years. He afterward engaged in the
plumbing business as a partner in the Duffy Plumbing Company of San Francisco
and was thus active in the business circles of that city for a decade.

In 1S92 Mr. McCusker was united in marriage to Miss Mary Buckley, a daughter
of Jeremiah and Ann (Hennessey) Buckley, who were natives of Ireland and on emi-
grating to America made their way to California at the time of the gold excitement in
that state. They spent the greater part of their lives in San Francisco and when called
to their final rest were there interred. For about sixteen years after their marriage
Mr. and Mrs. McCusker continued to reside in San Francisco and in 190S came to
Portland, where he secured the responsible position of superintendent with the Hassalo
Engineering Company, thus continuing for three years. He then engaged in the heat-
ing and plumbing business under his own name, with offices in the Failing building,
and developed his interests until he had one of the leading establishments of the kind
in the city. He had the contract for the plumbing and heating in the Meir & Frank
building, also the Multnomah county courthouse, St. Vincent's Hospital for both heating
and power, the Failing building, the annex to the Imperial Hotel and the Seward
Hotel. The nature of his work, his thorough reliability and efficiency, brought to him
a very liberal patronage which steadily increased with the passing years and Mr. Mc-
Cusker remained an active factor in the industrial circles of the city until his death.

To Mr. and Mrs. McCusker were born six children: Helen, who is now a nurse
at St. Vincent's Hospital; Evelyn, at home; Linus; Joseph and Paul, who are grad-
uates of Columbia University; and Lucien, who is still in school.

Mr. McCusker was a member of the Catholic church, to which faith his family
adhere and he was also identified with the Knights of Columbus, which draws its
membership only from those of Catholic belief. He passed away August 4, 1916, re-
spected by all who knew him because of the creditable place which he had made for
himself in business circles. Step by step he had advanced through his ability and
energy and was one of the leading plumbing and heating contractors of Portland.

W. F. LOOKER.

Actuated at all points in his career by a progressive spirit and firm determination
that have enabled him to overcome all obstacles and difficulties in his path, W. F.
Looker is now occupying a prominent position in manufacturing circles of Portland
as vice president of the Howard-Cooper Corporation, one of the largest road-making
machinery houses on the Pacific coast, whose products find a ready market not only
In the United States but are also used extensively in China and the Orient. He is
thoroughly familiar with every detail of the business in which he is now engaged
and his initiative spirit has enabled him to formulate plans which have resulted In the
enlargement and substantial growth of the undertaking.

Mr. Looker is a native of the south. He was born in Shenandoah county, Virginia,
a son of Elijah and Catharine (Crider) Looker, the latter a daughter of Jacob Crider.
Mr. Looker's education was acquired in the district, public and high schools and as a
young man he came to the west, arriving in Portland in 1898. He first became identi-
fied with Beall & Company, with whom he was connected for ten years and then entered
the employ of the Howard-Cooper Corporation, with which he has since been associated.
His faithfulness, efficiency and ready adaptability soon won recognition and he was
advanced from time to time to positions of larger responsibility and importance until
he is now occupying the vice presidency. The business was founded by G. W. Howard,
whose demise occurred in 1920. This is one of the largest road-making machinery
houses on the Pacific coast, dealing in rock crushers, steam shovels and all heavy
machinery connected with road building. The business is conducted along the most
modern and progressive lines and the corporation has ever borne an unassailable repu-
tation for integrity and reliability, for promptness and courtesy. Their trade has
grown continuously from year to year owing to the excellence of their output and it
has now reached extensive proportions, branch houses being maintained at Boise,
Idaho, and at Seattle, Washington. Their business extends throughout the northwest
and Alaska and their products also find a ready market in China and the Orient. Mr.
Looker has devoted practically his entire business life to this field of endeavor and

372 HISTORY OP OREGON

is thoroughly familiar with every detail of the work, being regarded as an authority
in the manufacture of road-making machinery. He keeps in close touch with what
is being done in all the departments and has succeeded in maintaining a high degree
of efficiency in the operation of the business. He is bending every energy to the legiti-
mate advancement of the house and his efforts have contributed in substantial measure
to its continued development and expansion.

In Portland, in 1913, Mr. Looker was united in marriage to Miss Genevieve C.
McLain, a daughter of John McLain. In his political views Mr. Looker is a republican
and fraternally he is connected with the Woodmen of the World and the Knights of
Pythias. His firm holds membership in the Chamber of Commerce and he is also
identified with the United Commercial Travelers and the Illinois Commercial Men's
Association. He is a loyal, patriotic and public-spirited citizen and during the World
war was active in the promotion of the Liberty loan drives. As the architect of his
own fortunes he has builded wisely and well and at the same time his labors have
been a valuable asset in the development of the resources of the northwest through
his connection with manufacturing interests. His salient characteristics are those
which make for popularity, while his well developed powers have brought him the
preeminence that follows superior ability and concentrated effort.

FRANK HARRISON REYNOLDS.

One of the live wires of Rainier, who is doing his full share toward the upbuilding
of the town, is Frank H. Reynolds, dealer in real estate. He was born in Iowa in 1875,
the son of John and Susan (Croker) Reynolds, who were prosperous farmers. As a
lad Mr. Reynolds was ambitious and during his boyhood days determined to go west
and build up his fortune.

He was educated in the schools of Iowa and came to Oregon in 1909, obtaining
his first work as hotel clerk. He remained in this position but six months, when he
took up railroad work. In 1910 he established himself in the real estate business in
Portland, and was strongly urged by a client who had a number of small homes in
Rainier to locate in that city. He came to Rainier on a visit and being impressed
with its promises for a future, moved here in 1911. Starting with the property of his
cfient, he has built up a very lucrative real estate and insurance business in the nine
years he has been here. Mr. Reynolds confines his business strictly to buying and
selling city and farm property on a commission basis, and to the writing of fire, marine
and automobile insurance in standard old-line companies. He is also a notary public.
For a while he was the proprietor of the Cozy Theater but the growth of his realty
business forced him to give up this enterprise. This theater was at free disposal for
all patriotic activities during the World war.

Mr. Reynolds was married in 1918, in Portland, to Miss Alice T. Meehan, an
estimable young woman. They are the parents of one son, John Joseph, whom they
call Jack.

Ever since coming to Rainier Mr. Reynolds has been active in civic and political
affairs and he was especially so during the time of the war. He has never sought
ofBce but for four years was chairman of the county democratic committee. Mr. Rey-
nolds is a member of the Rainier Commercial Club and in religion is an adherent
to the Catholic faith. Both Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds have won many friends since locat-
ing in Rainier.

EDWARD J. DE HART.

Edward J. De Hart, who developed and was a partner in the largest hardware
store of Portland and was thus closely associated with the commercial interests of
the city for a number of years, passed away November 18, 1916. He had been identi-
fied with the Pacific coast country for more than a half century, having removed to
the west in 1861. He was born at Communipaw. New Jersey, April 1, 1836. a son
of Edward and Elinor (Simmons) De Hart, the former a native of Staten Island, while
the latter was born in New Jersey.

Edward J. De Hart acquired a common school education in his native state and

HISTORY OF OREGON 573

initiated his business career in connection with the hardware trade, serving as a
clerk when but fifteen years of age. He was thus employed for a number of years
and in fact much of his life was devoted to the hardware business. Attracted by the
opportunities of the growing west, he made his way to San Francisco, California, in
1861 and was there employed by Jacob Underbill & Company, hardware merchants,
Mr. Underbill being bis brother-in-law. After a brief period passed in San Francisco
he was sent by the firm to Portland to establish a branch store here and of this he
had charge until 1S68. The business was closed out in October of that year and Mr.
De Hart then returned to San Francisco, where he took charge of the Underbill inter-
ests, continuing as manager thereof until 1873. In the fall of the latter year he went
to New York city, where he represented the firm as buyer, with offices on Chambers
street, continuing a resident of the metropolis until the fall of 1875. At that date he
returned to San Francisco and in the following winter the firm of Underbill & Company
failed. In the succeeding spring Mr. De Hart went to Nevada City, California, where
he remained for a short time but soon after returned to San Francisco in the spring
of 1876, spending the summer there. In the fall of the same year he came to Portland
to look after the interests of R. R. Thompson and Northrup and later became one of
the partners in the business of Honeyman & De Hart, which in the course of years
developed into Portland's largest hardware enterprise. For a long period he con-
centrated his efforts and attention upon the upbuilding and development of the busi-
ness, promoting the trade along the most progressive lines and at all times adhering
to the highest standards and commercial ethics. In 1900 he severed his connection
with the business and in October of 1901 went to Medford, where he purchased an
apple and pear orchard and concentrated his energies upon horticultural pursuits,
continuing actively in the business for six years. This he sold in June, 1907, and re-
turned to Portland, where he afterward made his home. In the succeeding spring
he purchased a country residence at Hood River, which he used as a summer home.

In October, 1857, Mr. De Hart was united in marriage to Miss Elmira C. Thresher,
a daughter of Minord Sprague and Mary (Smith) Thresher. The marriage was cele-
brated in New York city and they became the parents of a daughter, Ella, whose
birth occurred in the eastern metropolis.

Mr. De Hart was a lifelong republican, giving unfaltering allegiance at all times
to the party and its principles. He belonged to the Arlington Club and he was one
of the organizers of the Commercial Club of Portland, which elected him its first
president. He stood as a representative merchant and business man of the city for
a considerable period and his activities were ever of a character which contributed
to public progress and improvement as well as to individual success. His plans were
ever carefully formulated and promptly executed. He made a close study of business
conditions and ever looked beyond the exigencies of the moment to the opportunities
and possibilities of the future, both as regarded his individual affairs and the public
good. He is yet well remembered by many of the older business men of Portland aa
a forceful factor in commercial circles here. He had attained the ripe old age of eighty
years when "the weary wheels of life at length stood still," and his entire career was
one of activity and usefulness and the public was at all times either a direct or an
indirect beneficiary of his efforts.

McMORRIS MARSHALL DOW, M. D.

Dr. McMorris Marshall Dow, engaged successfully in the practice of medicine and
surgery at Medford, was born in Lemars, Iowa, in June, 1882, and is a son of Herman
F. and Mary E. (McMotris) Dow. The ancestral line on both sides can be traced
back to Revolutionary war days and Chief Justice Marshall of the United States supreme
court, the first incumbent in that position, is numbered among his forebears. His
gri'odfather in the maternal line was Judge T. A. McMorris of the supreme court of
Coltrado. The Doctor's father was a prominent merchant of Iowa for a number of
years and at various points in the country the family has taken active part in promot-
ing progress and development.

Dr. Dow received his training at the graded schools of Sioux City, Iowa, in the
Michigan Military Academy, in the Sioux Medical College and in the San Francisco
College of Physicians and Surgeons, from which he received his professional degree in
1905. He first entered upon active practice in Texas, remaining there for a year.

574 HISTORY OF OREGON

after which he removed to Los Angeles, California, where he continued to follow his
profession until 1910. He then accepted a call to the Andrew Wade Morton Hospital
at San Francisco and remained as house surgeon of that famous institution until
1912, when he removed to Medford and established the Dow Hospital, which he con-
ducts in addition to his extensive office practice. During the eight years in which he
has made his home in Medford he has won a most enviable reputation as a surgeon
of ability and has built up an excellent practice. He at all times keeps in touch with
the trend of modern professional thought and progress, especially in the field of surgery,
to which he bends his energies and attention.

In January, 1920, Dr. Dow was married to Miss Fernn R. Beebe, a native of Jack-
son county, Oregon, and a descendant of Daniel Webster. They have one child, Mc-
Morris Marshall (II).

While his professional duties have been onerous and extensive, Dr. Dow has
by no means neglected his social and civic obligations. He is a thirty-second degree
Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine and he is also connected with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. To all public
affairs of value he gives his enthusiastic support and yet is never neglectful of any
professional duty and in order to advance his efficiency has taken postgraduate courses
In New York and Chicago and attends clinics at Rochester, Minnesota, with the Mayo
Brothers. The worth of his work is widely acknowledged and his friends esteem
him no less for his social qualities and splendid personal attributes than for his pro-
fessional skill.

WILLIAM TORBERT MUIR.

The life activities of William Torbert Muir closely connected him with the history
of the bar of Oregon and Portland named him among her valued and honored citizens
until he was called to his final rest on the 4th of November, 1911. A native of Missouri,
he was born in Boonville on the 4th of November, 1863, his father being William Doug-
las Muir, who was a native of Virginia and became a law student, after which he was
admitted to the bar and engaged in the active practice of his profession, first in St.
Louis and afterward in Boonville, Missouri, his death occurring in the latter place in
1872, when he was forty-eight years of age. His wife, Mrs. Sarah A. Muir, was a
native of Kentucky and died in Boonville in 1876 at the age of forty-four years. The
ancestral history indicates that the family is of Scotch descent and was founded in
America by Francis Muir, who on crossing the Atlantic from the land of hills and
heather settled in Virginia and afterward became an officer of the American army in
the Revolutionary war. He was the father of Douglas Muir, who became a planter
of Virginia, whence he removed to ilissouri, casting in his lot with the early pioneers
of that state. Douglas Muir was the father of William Douglas Muir and thus the line
of descent is brought down to William Torbert Muir. The grandfather in the maternal
line was Caleb Jones, who followed merchandising in Missouri and who was of Welsh
lineage, his father having come from Wales to the United States when this country
was still in possession of England. He settled in Baltimore, Maryland, and aided in
the early development of that city.

William T. Muir was reared in his native city, where he attended public school
until at the age of thirteen years he left his home and went to Kansas City, where
he took up telegraphy which he mastered. In 1883 he came to the northwest, Port-
land being his destination. Here he matriculated in the University of Oregon as a
law student and was graduated in 1887 with the LL. B. degree. His law studies were
largely pursued at night, while the hours of the day were devoted to business activities
that enabled him to provide for his own support while preparing for the bar. He
was admitted to practice in October, 1S87. and at once established an office in Portland
where he remained to the time of his demise. He always continued in the general
practice of law, becoming an able and an eminent representative of the profession by
reason of his thorough preparation of every case and his ability to relate the points
in litigation to the long established principles of jurisprudence. A contemporary writer
said of him: "His handling of his case was always full, comprehensive and accurate;
his analysis of the facts clear and exhaustive; and the careful regard which he evinced
for the interests of his clients brought him a large business and made him very success-
ful in its conduct." For two years, from 1891 until 1893, Mr. Muir filled the office of

HISTORY OF OREGON 575

city attorney of Portland and in 1905 he was chosen to represent his district in the
lower house of the general assembly, giving thoughtful and earnest consideration to
every question which came up during his connection with the state legislature. He
voted with the democratic party from the time he attained his majority until 1896, when,
unable to accept the free silver principles advocated by William J. Bryan, he joined
the ranks of the republican party. He was twice elected to the legislature to represent
his district.

Mr. Muir was married in Portland, January 12, 1S9S, to Miss Jane Whalley, a
daughter of John W. Whalley, and they became the parents of three children: Mary,
born December 13, 1S98; William Whalley, who was born April 28, 1900; and Jane,
March 4, 1906. The son was a member of the Students' Army Training Corps in Cali-
fornia.

Mr. Muir was widely and favorably known in the club circles of Portland, belong-
ing to the Multnomah Club, the Arlington Club and the Waverly Golf Club. He at-
tained high rank in Masonry, having become a member of the Consistory in the Scottish
Rite. He was identified with the Multnomah Bar Association, the Oregon State Bar
Association and the American Bar Association and at all times he enjoyed the fullest
respect and confidence of his colleagues and contemporaries in the profession of law.
All who were his associates bore testimony to the strength and worth of his character,
to his devotion to high professional standards and to his close adherence to all those
principles which mark the highest type of American manhood and chivalry.

THURSTON E. DANIELS.

Along various avenues Thurston E. Daniels of Medford has directed his efforts and
the results achieved have been highly satisfactory, not only from the standpoint of the
attainment of success but also when judged as factors in public progress. Mr. Daniels
was born in Vancouver, Washington, in March, 1881, and is a son of Thurston and
Mollie (Miller) Daniels. The father was for many years one of the best known news-
paper men on the coast, publisher of the Vancouver Register. He also served as lieu-
tenant governor of Washington and held various other positions of honor and trust.
He was a son of William B. Daniels, who was territorial governor of Idaho under
President Lincoln. The Daniels family comes from New York and originally from
New England colonial stock and the name has been carried with honor and distinction
across the continent to the far-off Pacific coast, each generation upholding the family
honor with the same steadfast integrity and loyalty and progressiveness in citizenship.
The Miller family was also early represented in the Empire state. It was in 1850
that the grandparents of Mr. Daniels came to the northwest, having walked most of
the distance across the plains.

Thurston E. Daniels was educated in the schools of his native town and in Mount
Angel College of Oregon, from which he was graduated in 1900. The same year he
received an appointment to the United States quartermaster's department and served
with credit for two years. He then became a reporter on the Morning Oregonian at
Portland and devoted two years to that work, after which he was badly injured in a
railroad accident of an Elks' excursion train, this terminating his reportorial service.
He went to California and during his stay in the vicinity of Santa Ana he estab-
lished a clothing store in the nearby town of Orange and conducted the business for
three years, after which he disposed of his store and returned to Oregon. Coming to
Medford, he again entered the clothing business, to which he turned his attention,
from 1907 until 1917. After disposing of his store he gave largely of his time to war
work, having charge of all the Red Cross drives and other war activities. In January,
1919, he accepted the position of district representative of the New York Life Insur-
ance Company and is still serving in that connection, having made for himself a
creditable place among the insurance men of the northwest.

In 1905 Mr. Daniels was married to Miss Lillian Monahan, a daughter of Frank
Monahan, one of the best known railroad men of California and founder of the town
of Needles in that state. Both Mr. and Mrs. Daniels are members of the Catholic
church and both are prominent in church affairs and in the social life of the city,
enjoying the goodwill and high regard of a host of friends. Mr. Daniels was one of
the organizers of the Elks' lodge of Medford and its first exalted ruler. He served on
the building committee which erected the present magnificent Elks building and took

576 HISTORY OF OREGON

a prominent part in its construction. He also served as district deputy grand exalted
ruler of tlie order in Oregon for two terms and he is likewise a past grand knight
of the Knights of Columbus. He is likewise active in civic matters and is now effi-
ciently serving on the board of directors of the Chamber of Commerce, doing effective
work through that organization for the city's upbuilding, the extension of its trade
relations and the advancement and support of its civic standards.

JUDGE WILLIAM SEELYE CROWELL.

Judge William Seelye Crowell, who is well known as "the grand old man of Med-
ford," has done more to build up the community than any other resident now living
here. Opportunity has ever been to him a call to action and his labors have been
most resultant factors in promoting progress and improvement. Judge Crowell has
now passed the seventy-eighth milestone on life's journey, for he was born in the state
of Ohio in 1843. his parents being Samuel and A. Maria (Seelye) Crowell. The
first ancestors of the family in the new world came in 1630 and genealogical records
say that the name was really Cromwell, but the fame of their great ancestor, Oliver
Cromwell, not being to their liking, they changed the orthography of the name,
adopting the present form. However that may be, the descendants of the Crowells
in America have made for themselves a most honorable name and place. No call to
arms in this country, beginning with the Revolutionary war, has failed to find one
or more of the family engaged in the military service of the country. The Seelyes
are of Scotch descent and have been represented in the new world since early colonial
days. The founder of the American branch of the Seelye family was pressed into the
British navy but escaped from his ship with a comrade and determined to remain
with the colonists. In this adventure his comrade was overtaken by a shark while
the lads were swimming for shore and thus lost his life. Mr. Seelye, however, was
more fortunate and reached haven safely.

As the east became more thickly settled the grandfather of Judge Crowell removed
to Ohio, becoming one of the pioneer residents there. In that state his son, Samuel
Crowell, was born and became the father of Judge Crowell.

The last named was educated in the common schools of his native state and for
two years was a teacher in the district schools. He was but eighteen years of age
when the Civil war broke out and he at once joined the Union army, serving his country
until 1865 — first in the Army of the Cumberland and afterward with General Rosecrans
in the south. At twenty years of age he had risen to a captaincy. At the battle of
Perryville, Kentucky, he lost nearly half of his company in less than an hour. At the
battle of Milton, Tennesee, he was in command of a company of Ohio troops and was
afterward cited for honorable mention for his participation in both of these engage-
ments. Returning to Ohio after the war, he clerked in a mercantile establishment
and during that service read law at night and in leisure hours, being admitted to
the bar in 1867 and licensed to practice in the United States courts in 1868. He entered
upon active practice in Coshocton, Ohio, in 1870. In 1872 he was elected district attor-
ney and still later he served as state senator. In 1885 President Cleveland appointed
him American consul to China, and he occupied that responsible position through
the Cleveland administration and for one year and a half of the Harrison administra-
tion. Resigning his post, he reached San Francisco and after making a tour of the
coast decided to make his future home in the Rogue river valley of Oregon. For a
period of six months he lived in Ashland and later purchased a ranch in the valley
but soon resumed the practice of law in Medford, where he has since continuously
resided. In 1S96 he was elected county judge, which is the only public ofHce he has
ever consented to hold save his ministerial appointment to the Orient.

Judge Crowell is really the father of the banking business in Medford. In 1903
he assisted in organizing the Medford State Bank, now the Medford National Bank,
but his most conspicuous work of this character was the organization, in 1905, of the
first National Bank of Medford, of which he became the first president. The bank
was capitalized for twenty-five thousand dollars and in less than six years he had
built up the bank until its resources amounted to over a quarter of a million dol-
lars. Originally a small cabin was occupied and the steady development of the busi-
ness is manifest today not only in the figures indicative of its patronage but also in the
handsome bank building, which is unsurpassed in southern Oregon. In 1911 Judge

JUDGE WILLIAM S. CROWELL

HISTORY OF OREGON .')7!i

Crowell retired from the banking business and actively resumed law practice, though
he is still a stockholder in the Medford National Bank. Few men of his years retain
active connection with professional and business affairs, but old age need not neces-
sarily suggest idleness nor want of occupation. In fact there is an old age which grows
stronger and brighter mentally and morally as the years pass on and gives out of its
rich stores of wisdom and experience for the benefit of others, and such is the record
of Judge Crowell.

For fifty-seven years the Judge has been a consistent and loyal follower of Masonic
teachings and he also has membership with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.
He was the first president of the board of trustees of the Christian Science church
of Medford and is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He no longer goes
into court but confines his practice to office work, acting in a purely advisory way,
and such is his reputation throughout southern Oregon that he has more business than
he wants. Many men have located in Medford since the founding of the city, but it is
safe to say that none has done more for the town than this sterling citizen, progres-
sive banker and capable lawyer, William Seelye Crowell.

CHARLES HALL.

Charles Hall, president of the First National Bank at Klamath Falls, although he
has been a resident of that city but a short time is one of the best known men in Oregon.
Born at Brookville, Pennsylvania, on the 5th of May, 18S1. he is a son of William Henry
and Elizabeth (Shields) Hall. He attended the grade and high schools in his native
town and taught school until he was twenty-one years of age. His father was of
English descent, his ancestors having come to this country four generations before the
birth of our sub,iect.

After putting his textbooks aside Charles Hall came west, locating in Oregon
in 1901. He engaged in the drug business in Columbia county in connection with his
brother and taught school at the same time. Some time later he took a literary course
at the University of Michigan and in 1906 established a drug store at Hood River. He
disposed of his interests in Columbia county and later sold out his drug interests at
Hood River, purchasing an apple orchard and organizing the Oregon & Washington
Telephone Company, of which he became president. As a result of his laudable am-
bition Mr. Hall rapidly advanced to a position of prominence in the community, where
he had come but a short time before as a mere boy. In 1914 he removed to Marsh-
field, where he organized the Coos & Curry Telephone Company, of which he became
president, an office he retains at the present time. During his residence in Marshfield
he was largely interested in lumber and ship building and various other important
commercial enterprises. In 1917 he organized the Bank of Southwestern Oregon, was
president of that institution until December, 1920, when he resigned that office but is
still a member of its board of directors. In December, 1920, Mr. Hall purchased a
large interest in the First National Bank of Klamath Falls and at the meeting of
the stockholders in January, 1921, was elected president, assuming active manage-
ment of that institution in March, 1921. At that time he removed his family to Klamath
where they now reside.

In 1906 Mr. Hall was married to Miss Ann English, a daughter of John A. English,
and to them three children have been born: Keith E., Cynthia and Charles W. Mrs.
Hall is an accomplished woman and possesses marked musical talent. As a solo
violinist she is drafted for concerts and never fails to delight her audiences. While
active in club and social affairs she naturally favors musical organizations.

In politics Mr. Hall is a republican and although not seeking political preferment
was prevailed upon to accept the senatorship of the eighth senatorial district. When
his removal to Klamath took him out of that district he tendered his resignation which
was not accepted and his electors insisted upon his serving the term out. He has
always been a believer and has taken an active interest in commercial organizations,
having been president of the Chamber of Commerce in every community in which he has
resided. He was one of the organizers of the Oregon State Chamber of Commerce, was
elected its first president, has twice been reelected and is still serving in that capacity.
Mr. Hall is an exemplary member of the Masonic Order, in which he has attained the
thirty-second degree, and he is likewise a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also iden-
tified with the Elks, and holds membership in the State Fish and Game Commission

580 HISTORY OF OREGON

and in the Oregon Land Settlement Commission. The dominant characteristics of Mr.
Hall are pluck, energy and perseverance. At an early age he entered the business world
on his own account and learned his lessons in the school of experience. He is a citizen
ever loyal to the best interests of the community, and Klamath Falls may indeed be ac-
counted fortunate in having him for a resident.

JAMES PAUL COOKE.

James Paul Cooke, representative of the brokerage interests of Portland, now en-
gaged in business under the firm style of the Overbeck & Cooke Company, was born
in Green Bay, Wisconsin, in 1874, and is a son of Constantine and Catherine (Cree-
don) Cooke. The father was born at Corpus Christi, Texas, in 1842 and in his boyhood
days went with his parents to Wisconsin, where he met and married Catherine Creedon,
whose birth occurred in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1844. Mr. Cooke made farming his
life occupation and continued a resident of Wisconsin until his death in 1876. His
widow survives and is now a resident of Chicago, Illinois.

The youthful days of James P. Cooke were spent in his native city as a public
school pupil to the age of fourteen years, when he began learning telegraphy and was
employed along that line to the age of twenty-six. In 1900 he made his way across the
continent to Portland and here turned his attention to the brokerage business, in which
he has since been engaged, covering a period of two decades. He entered into part-
nership relations under the firm style of the Overbeck & Cooke Company, and although
Mr. Overbeck passed away in 1920, the firm name is still retained. Mr. Cooke is now
president of the company, which has long enjoyed a large clientage. As a broker he
is thoroughly familiar with financial paper and investments of various kinds and his
clients have come to rely upon his judgment as thoroughly sound and recognize his
business methods as most trustworthy.

On the 6th of April, 1904, in Portland, Oregon, Mr. Cooke was married to Miss
Esther Mary McDermott, a daughter of the late Frank McDermott, who was recently
inspector of Hulls. He was born in Ireland in 1842 and came to the United States in
infancy with his parents, while in early manhood he became a resident of Oregon.
To Mr. and Mrs. Cooke have been born the following named: Eileen Frances, Virginia
Mary, Jane Frances de Chantal, Kevin George, James Paul and Mary Elizabeth. The
religious faith of the family is that of the Catholic church and Mr. Cooke belongs
to the Knights of Columbus. In politics he is a republican and during the World war
he did active work in connection with the bond drives. His partner, Mr. Overbeck,
was particularly prominent in that connection and Mr. Cooke looked after the business
of the firm in order that his partner might give undivided attention to the work of the
government. Mr. Cooke belongs to various prominent clubs and social organizations,
having membership in the Arlington, Waverly, Multnomah, Portland Golf and Auto-
mobile Clubs and also in the Chamber of Commerce. He has never had occasion to
regret his determination to try his fortune in the west and throughout his career has
displayed the spirit of unfaltering enterprise that has been the dominant element in
the upbuilding of this section of the country.

MERVIN HAYS SMITH, M. D.

Prominent in the medical circles of Astoria and president of the Clatsop County
Medical Society is Dr. Mervin Hays Smith, who was born in the state of Iowa in
1876, a son of George I. and Martha (Dougherty) Smith. His father engaged in the
mercantile business and was for many years county supervisor. He likewise held
other offices of trust and honor and was a highly respected citizen of the community
in which he resided. George I. Smith was born in New York, the native state of his
father and grandfather before him. The Smith family have been residents of America
for generations and wherever they have resided they have become prominent and
respected citizens.

Dr. Mervin Hays Smith received his education in his home town of Coon Rapids,
Iowa, where he attended the grade and high schools and in due time entered the
Creighton University of Omaha, Nebraska, from which institution he was graduated

HISTORY OF OREGON 581

in 1902, with the degree of M. D. For a time after graduation he served in the St.
Joseph's Hospital at Omaha and then took postgraduate courses in the Iowa State
University and at Chicago, and New York. In 1906 he located at Rock Island, Illinois,
where he built up an extensive and lucrative practice. He was in the midst of this
practice when he answered his country's call for service in the World war, and clos-
ing his offices he enlisted in the army. In August, 1917, he received the commission
of first lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps and was assigned to duty at Vancouver
(Wash.) Barracks where he served until August 19, 1919, when he was promoted to a
captaincy in the regular army and ordered to the Benson Polytechnic Training De-
tachment. While there he was recommended as major. In 1912 Dr. Smith had made
his first visit to the coast, when with his brother-in-law. Charles H. Stockwell, now of
Clatskanie, Oregon, he established the St. Helen's Bank, the first bank in Columbia
county, further mention of which is made on another page of this work. This visit
and his subsequent service at Vancouver Barracks resulted in his becoming attached
to the climate and the people of Oregon, and he determined to make this state his
future home. Consequently, upon his discharge from service he removed to Astoria
and there has resided ever since. His practice is extensive and lucrative and the
recognition of his ability in the profession was manifested in his election to the
presidency of the Clatsop County Medical Society. He is likewise a prominent mem-
ber of the Oregon State Medical Society and is a fellow of the American Medical
Association.

In 1902 occurred the marriage of Dr. ' Smith and Miss Mabelle Florence Stock-
well, a native of Coon Rapids, Iowa, who had been his sweetheart in school days. They
have become parents of one daughter, Lois. She is a pupil of the Astoria schools and
inheriting a natural talent for music is already accounted a most promising musician.
Mrs. Smith takes a prominent and active part in the social life of Astoria and is a
most hospitable and gracious hostess. She is a model mother and to quote her hus-
band, "the finest housekeeper in the west."

Fraternally Dr. Smith is associated with the Masons, in which order he has at-
tained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine:
he belongs also to the Elks, the Moose, the Modern Woodmen and the Woodmen of the
World. As a member of the Astoria Chamber of Commerce and the State Chamber of
Commerce he is actively connected with the civic affairs of his town, county and state
and as vice president and member of the board of governors of the Kiwanis Club he
is prominent in the social circles of the community. He is also a member of the
American Legion, in the activities of which he maintains a deep and sincere interest
and is serving as a member of the executive committee. He is held in high regard
by the other members of his profession throughout the state and a brilliant future
seems assured him.

THOMAS QUAID.

For a decade prior to his death Thomas Quaid was a resident of Portland, but it is
the town of Heppner that stands as a monument to his enterprising spirit, his busi-
ness ability and his progressiveness. It was Mr. Quaid who laid out the town and con-
tributed in most substantial measure to its development for many years. A native
of Ireland, he was born in the city of Dublin in 1S44 and was but sixteen years of
age when he came to the United States, settling first in Ohio, where he was employed
as a farm hand for about two years. On the expiration of that period he sought the
opportunities of the growing west and made his way across the country to Oregon,
taking up his abode in Jacksonville. He remained there for a short time and after-
ward had a pack train between Umatilla and Boise, Idaho. To that business he gave
his attention for two years and then with his brother went to Birch creek in eastern
Oregon, where they engaged in cattle raising for many years. Mr. Quaid drove more
than one thousand head of cattle overland to Wyoming. He had paid forty dollars a head
for some of his herd, but he raised a great many of the number and on reaching his
destination sold all at ten dollars per head. Two years later he engaged in sheep rais-
ing in the vicinity of Heppner, where he had taken up a homestead. From time to
time he purchased other land there, adding to his possessions until he was the owner
of seven thousand acres devoted to the raising of wheat, alfalfa and all kinds of
crops. Upon his land was a fine stream of running water and his fields were most

582 HISTORY OF OREGON

carefully and profitably cultivated, while his sheep raising interests were also con-
ducted along progressive and satisfactory lines. He became one of the most promi-
nent sheep men of eastern Oregon, nor was his success the only result of his labors.
At various times he gave generous assistance to many a poor man who was struggling
to gain a start and not a few of these are today among the wealthy citizens of the
state. It was Mr. Quaid who purchased the ground whereon Heppner now stands and
he platted the town and paid the first freight bill on goods hauled into the place. He
assisted in erecting nearly all of the buildings of Heppner and his efforts were a most
important element in the upbuilding of the town and in the development of the sur-
rounding country. He was at all times prompted by a most progressive spirit and his
efforts brought results that were gratifying as factors in the progress and improve-
ment of the state as well as in the advancement of his individual fortunes.

In 1874 Mr. Quaid was united in marriage to Miss Pauline Smith, a daughter of
Harvey and Elizabeth Jane (Greenwood) Smith, the former a native of Missouri and
the latter of Iowa. Both became residents of Oregon when about eighteen years of age
and they were married near Salem. To Mr. and Mrs. Quaid was born a daughter,
Catherine, the wife of W. C. Hofen of San Francisco, California.

With his retirement from business Mr. Quaid removed from Heppner to Portland
in 1906 and purchased property on West Twelfth street, where he resided to the time
of his death, which occurred May 28, 1916. In the meantime he had acquired the
ownership of several pieces of valuable property in this city and he left his family
in most comfortable financial circumstances. He was a lifelong democrat and while
in Heppner served as a member of the city council, giving his support at all times to
those measures which he deemed of benefit in the upbuilding of the community. Fra-
ternally he was connected with the Knights of Pythias and was a Mason of high
rank. He was always a worthy follower of the teachings of the craft and guided
his life according to the principles upon which it is based. For a half century he was
identified with the Masonic organization and was most highly esteemed by his fellow
members of the order and by all who knew him in every relation of life. Oregon
numbered him among its most valued and honored citizens.

ARTHUR HENRY BREYMAN.

An eminent American statesman has said: "The thing supremely worth having
is the opportunity coupled with the capacity to do well and worthily a piece of work,
the doing of which shall be of vital significance to mankind." Such an opportunity
came to Arthur Henry Breyman in that he took up his abode in the northwest during
its formative period and contributed in substantial measure to the commercial progress
of Portland for many years. Thoroughness and reliability at all times characterized
his business career and he became well known as the founder and successful manager
of the Breyman Leather Company. He was likewise extensively and profitably engaged
in agricultural and stock raising pursuits in the northwest and his activities along
that line contributed to his substantial success.

Mr. Breyman was a native of Bockenem, Hanover, Germany, his birth there occurring
May 2, 1838. His father was an officer in the German army and fought in the battle of
Waterloo. For a conspicuous act of bravery during that engagement he was awarded
by Wellington, then in command of the Hanoverian troops, a medal which is still in
possession of his descendants. During the latter part of his life he was one of the
bodyguard of the German emperor.

Arthur H. Breyman spent his youthful days to the age of seventeen years in his
native country and after his father's death started out In the world on his own account.
He shipped as a sailor boy on a sailing vessel that crossed the Atlantic to New York
and while walking along the streets of that city one day he met his brother, Eugene,
who had already been in America for several years and was at that time engaged in
business in Oregon. Arthur H. Breyman was influenced by his brother to come to
the northwest. He lived, however, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, from 1855 until 1859
and then made his way to the coast by way of Cape Horn, settling first in Yamhill
county, Oregon, where he worked for his brothers, Eugene and Werner, who were
then conducting a mercantile establishment at La Fayette. Arthur H. Breyman con-
tinued in their employ until his industry and economy had enabled him to secure
the capital wherewith to purchase a small stock of goods. He then went to Dayton

ARTHUR H. BREYMAN

HISTORY OF OREGON 585

and later to the mining town of Canyon City, where he conducted a store and was
also financially interested in the mines for several years. Disposing of his interests
there he removed to Salem, Oregon, where he once more engaged in the dry goods
business, becoming one of the leading merchants and prominent residents of that
place. While there he was associated in business with his brother-in-law, Mr. Boutell,
for about five years. He afterward removed to eastern Oregon, where he engaged in
buying and dealing in cattle and subsequently he established an extensive business at
Prineville. Again he turned his attention to general merchandising, which he followed
for five years and he also bought and sold live stock. In 1882 he removed his family
to Portland but retained large interests in the cattle industry in the Yakima valley
and later purchased the ranch and live stock interests of the Baldwin Sheep Company
near Prineville, after which he organized the now famous Baldwin Sheep & Land Com-
pany, of which he remained president for several years. He operated extensively as a
dealer in both sheep and land and eventually disposed of his business to Jack Edwards.
After taking up his abode in Portland he continued to supervise his property and
business affairs elsewhere and at the same time made judicious investments in city
property, realizing that with the growth and development of Portland this land must
eventually substantially advance in price. He also became a factor in commercial
circles here, becoming engaged in the leather, harness and saddlery business in con-
nection with his son, William Otto Breyman, under the firm style of the Breyman Leather
Company. He remained as president thereof until his death, when he was succeeded
by his son as president, while his wife, Mrs. Phoebe (Cranston) Breyman, became
the vice president. A large plant was established and the business was conducted
along most progressive lines, in keeping with The spirit which ever actuated Arthur
H. Breyman in the management and direction of his manifold and important interests.

It was on the 25th of January, 1867, while in Salem, Oregon, that Mr. Breyman
was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe Cranston, a daughter of Ephraim and Roxanna
(Sears) Cranston. The father was a native of Rhode Island and a representative of
one of the oldest families of that state, the ancestral line being traced back through
several generations. The historical records of the family contain the names of eleven
crowned heads of Europe. Further mention of the Cranston family is made on another
page of this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Breyman were born five children: William Otto,
who became his father's successor as president of the Breyman Leather Company,
married Hattie Sherlock and to them were born two daughters: Charlotte, the wife
of Edward Thompson; and Harriet. Bertha Roxanna, the second of the family, is the
wife of 0. M. Ash, of Portland. The others are: Floy Louise; Edna Cranston, now
deceased; and Arthur C, who is a traveling salesman for the Breyman Leather Com-
pany and who married Frances Batchelor, by whom he has one daughter, Phoebe
Frances.

The death of Arthur H. Breyman occurred January 17, 1908. He was a Lutheran
in his religious faith and a republican in his political belief. He stood loyally by
every cause which he espoused and manifested the utmost devotion not only to the
land of his adoption but to the specific district in which he lived, giving his aid and
cooperation to all plans and measures for the general good. He successfully accom-
plished what he undertook and at all times his labors were of a character which con-
tributed to public progress and prosperity as well as to individual success. He was
interested in the welfare of his fellowmen and the upbuilding of his adopted city and
he gave generous aid in each case when substantial results could be secured thereby.
Those who knew him — and he had a wide acquaintance— recognized the worth of his
character and there were many who felt the deepest regret that he was not spared for
many more years of usefulness as a citzen. His associates found in him one who held
friendship inviolable, while in the family circle he was a devoted husband and father,
gleaning the greatest joy of life from his promotion of the welfare and happiness of
those of his own household.

LEROY CHILDS.

Though but thirty-two years of age Leroy Childs of Hood River has forged ahead
and occupies the post of entomologist and superintendent of the experimental station
of the Oregon Agricultural College at Hood River, which is one of the most important
in the west. He was born in Alhambra, California, in 1888 and is a son of A. O. and

586 HISTORY OF OREGON

Nettie (Nye) Childs. His parents are natives of Michigan and are directly descended
from Revolutionary stock on both sides. Mr. Childs is a direct descendant of Samuel
Childs, one of the pilgrims who landed in Massachusetts between 1620 and 1624.

Leroy Childs was educated in the primary and high schools of Redlands, Cali-
fornia, near which town his father owned a large orchard. His collegiate course was
pursued in the Leland Stanford University at Palo Alto, California, from which he
was graduated in 1913 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Already proficient in
entomology and plant pathology, he took a position with the United States forest
service as field pathologist and retained that post for six months. He afterward ac-
cepted a position with the California State Commission of horticulture as assistant
secretary and in 1914 he was made assistant entomologist at the Oregon Agricultural
College and shortly thereafter was transferred to Hood River. He has through scien-
tific training and broad practical investigation and experience, become splendidly
qualified for the position which he now fills and he is rendering valuable aid to the
state in bringing to the fruit raisers and farmers of central Oregon a knowledge of
tlie best methods of caring for their orchards and their fields.

In 1915 Mr. Childs was married to Miss Hazel Holmes, a daughter of John T.
Holmes and Sarah (Vanalstyne) Holmes. Mr. Holmes was a native of Michigan and
a prominent lumber dealer of that section. Mr. and Mrs. Childs have two sons, Leroy
Winston and Allison Oliver. Mr. Childs is the author of many works relating to fruit
pests and the bulletins issued by the college and written by him have become recognized
as standard. He has been particularly successful in his dealings with apple scab and
fruit leaf roller and the service he has rendered to the fruit growers of central Oregon
and especially the Hood River valley has been of untold value to them through the
standardization of their spraying practices. Mr. Childs owns in partnership an orchard
of forty acres north of Dee. in the upper valley. Twenty-two acres of this ranch is
planted to pears, making it one of the largest pear ranches in the state. The other
eighteen acres is in apples. Mr. Childs laughingly declares that it is a fine thing to
own one's own ranch, for it permits him to try all his knowledge on his own trees
without fear and he gladly gives the orchardists the benefit of his methods and his
actual experience. It is safe to say that in the development of the material welfare
of the state Professor Childs has certainly done his full share.

ALBERT ALFRED PRICE.

Pluck, energy, ability and courtesy are the factors that have made Albert A.
Price one of the leading merchants of Oregon City, where he manages a men's ready-
to-wear store. It is characteristic of him that he carries forward to successful com-
pletion whatever he undertakes and in spite of his misfortunes in a business way he
has a flourishing trade as a result of his perseverance. Mr. Price was born in Lamber-
ton, Minnesota, the son of Simon, and Bertha (Weller) Price, a family well and
favorably known in that state.

Albert Price was educated at the Lamberton schools and at the West Side high
school of Chicago. He took a course at the Bryant and Stratton Business College at
Chicago, and was graduated from that institution in 1901. He then became a clerk
for Marshall Field & Company and remained with that firm for two years, when he
decided to come to Oregon City where an older brother was engaged in business. He
worked as a clerk in his brother's establishment and when the brother decided to
close out his business Albert Price borrowed one thousand dollars and leased the
building, the stock having been sold out. His first act was to offer the landlord an
increased rental in return for a new modern front in his store. He then put in a full
stock of men's apparel and this was the first men's clothing store in Oregon City.
He later leased the corner of Seventh and Main streets and erected upon the land
the largest store in Clackamas county. Mr. Price laid in a stock which so commended
itself to the citizens of Oregon City that he soon had the trade which had formerly
gone to Portland. With this enlarged business he associated his brothers, A. R.
Price and H. I. Price, under the firm name of Price Brothers. This commercial ven-
ture was launched in 1918 and despite conditions due to the war was a success, and
so continued until November, 1919, when a disastrous fire destroyed building and
stock. As the property was insured for only one-third of its value Albert Price saw
the accumulation of nearly twenty years of hard work turn into smoke. Nothing

HISTORY OF OREGON 587

daunted, he started to rebuild immediately and on October 1, 1920, he was occupying
the rebuilt establishment. The business is now conducted as the Price Brothers De-
partment Store, a corporation of which Albert A. Price is president. A. R. Jacobs, vice
president, and H. I. Price, secretary and treasurer. The new establishment is beyond
question one of the finest department stores in Oregon. The floor space is thirteen
thousand, six hundred feet, and each department is a complete store where many
clerks are employed.

The same vim and energy he has displayed as a merchant have been shown in
civic matters, for Mr. Price has but one slogan, "If it's good for Oregon City, I'm for
it," and he has demonstrated that he means it. He was a charter member of the
Oregon City Commercial Club and was elected Grand Trunk of the Live Wires of that
organization. For ten years he has fought in the front rank for adequate fire protec-
tion, and this was secured in 1920. Mr. Price is one of the six men responsible for the
present water system of the city. Pure mountain water is now the refreshing sub-
stitute for Willamette river water.

Albert A. Price was married in 1908 to Miss Sadie Topolar, daughter of a pioneer
merchant of Oregon City. They are the parents of one child, Beatrice, who is a student
at the Oregon City school. Mrs. Price is an active club woman, a Red Cross worker
and in every way a social favorite.

Mr. Price has membership with the Masons, the Elks, Woodmen of the World,
and the Moose lodge. He was elected dictator of the Royal Order of Moose when it
was crumbling to decay, and brought its membership up to six hundred. Unselfish
public spirit has won for Albert Price the friendship and goodwill of the people of
Oregon City.

HON. JOHN WILLIAM WHALLEY.

Hon. John William Whalley arrived in the "Golden West" when the attention
of all America, and to a large extent of the entire world, was centered upon California,
owing to the discovery of gold in that state. He was then a youth of sixteen years
who had been attracted to this country by the broader business opportunities which
he believed he could secure in the United States. A brief period spent in the mines
was followed by several years' residence in California and then he came northward
into Oregon, where for many years he was closely associated with various interests
that have contributed to the upbuilding and development of the state. The ancestral
line can be traced back through many generations in England, where those who bore
the name were yeomen, owning and cultivating the estate of Coventree, near Dent,
in the West Riding of Yorkshire, to which district earlier representatives of the fam-
ily had removed from Norfolk. The branch of the Whalley family of which John
W. Whalley was a representative was connected with the same family as Edmond
Whalley, who won distinction as a member of the army of Cromwell. The family
name figures prominently in connection with the records of the church, of the military
history of England and of the bar, the elder sons in succeeding generations managing
the estate, while the younger sons of the family entered upon professional careers.
The Rev. Francis Whalley joined the ministry as a clergyman of the Church of Eng-
land and under appointment of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign Lands he was stationed at Annapolis, Nova Scotia, at the time of the birth
of his son, John William Whalley, on the 28th of April, 1833. Two years later the
father returned to England and was appointed rector of Rivington parish, in Cheshire.
Later he became chaplain of Lancashire council and afterward served in the pastorate
of the churches at Churchtown, Lancashire, New Hutton, Old Hutton, Kendal and
West Moreland. His wife was of Welsh descent and her ancestors for more than
two centuries occupied, under lease, Overton Hall, belonging to the estate of Lord
Kenyon. This lease terminated during the lifetime of William Jones, the grandfather
of John W. Whalley, who thereupon left his native land and crossed the Atlantic
to Canada, while subsequently he became a resident of New York city, there residing
until his death, his remains being interred in St. Paul's churchyard on Broadway.

John W. Whalley was one of a family of three sons and a daughter, one of his
brothers being the Rev. Richard Whalley, who for many years was a rector of the
Church of England and always remained a resident of that land. A contemporary
writer, speaking of John W. Whalley, said: "He was reared in a home of high moral

588 HISTORY OF OREGON

atmosphere and superior intellectual attainments. He was a precocious child, being
able to read Caesar when only nine years of age and Ovid at the age of ten." The
salary of a rector did not permit him to enjoy the benefits of a college education and
when a lad of but thirteen he began making his own way in the world aboard the
merchantman Speed, which sailed from Liverpool for New York city in 1S47. This
voyage convinced him that he had no taste for a seafaring life and he then sought
other means of self-support. He made his way to New Jersey to visit his mother's
people and there formed the acquaintance of his uncle, William Jones, who was the
author of a treatise on bookkeeping and owner of a college and a teacher of that
science. For about a year Mr. Whalley remained in his uncle's office and in March,
1848, returned to his native land with the expectation of taking a position in the
Bank of England. Failing in securing the coveted place and having recognized the
superiority of business openings in the new world he determined again to come to
the United States and in February, 1849, sailed for California as an apprentice on
the Antelope. The gold excitement was at its height when in July of that year he
reached the Pacific coast. He at once went to the mines, spending the winter of
1849-50 on the south fork of the American river, a short distance below Columbia.
He next removed to the Middle Yuba and afterward was at Sacramento, Redwood
and Yreka but did not win the anticipated fortune in the gold fields and turned his
attention to other pursuits which he believed would prove more profitable to him.
He accepted the position of teacher of a school at Little Shasta and followed the
profession in California until 1864. During 1861 and 1862 he was superintendent of
schools and in that connection laid the foundation for marked educational progress
in his district. He also began writing for local papers and for the Hesperian Maga-
zine, a San Francisco publication. He possessed a splendid command of language,
displayed a fluent and graceful style, and his writings were characterized by beautiful
imagery. He won more than local fame as a writer of poetry, his lines being copied
extensively by the press throughout the United States.

It was Mr. Whalley's ambition, however, to become a member of the bar and he
utilized every opportunity to study law, his reading being first directed by Judge Rose-
borough, of Yreka. In 1861 he was admitted to practice in Siskiyou county after
passing the required examination before Judge Dangerfield. He continued his work
as a teacher until 1864, however, and then opened a law office in Canyon City, Grant
County, Oregon, thus becoming a representative of the bar of this state. He there
entered into partnership with L. 0. Stern but soon afterward removed from Canyon
City to Portland, where in the same year, 1S6S, he formed a partnership with M. W.
Fechheimer, who while a student in the law office of Mr. Whalley had frequently told
him of the advantages which Portland offered. Under the firm style of Whalley &
Fechheimer they made rapid progress and were soon regarded as among the ablest
members of the bar of the northwest. They specialized in bankruptcy law and for
several years devoted their attention largely to practice in that department of the
profession. Moreover, with prescience they recognized the possibilities for investment
and purchased considerable property which, owing to the rapid growth of the city,
increased greatly in value, so that he gained a fortune from his operations in real
estate. The partnership was dissolved in 18S3, as Mr. Whalley wished to make an
extended trip abroad and accompanied by his daughter Susan he spent eighteen months
in travel in Scotland, England. Germany, France. Switzerland, Italy and Spain. He
was an interested and discriminating observer and student of those things which
featured most largely in the historic past as well as those elements of modern day life
in Europe and returned to America with his mind greatly enriched by the experiences
of foreign travel.

Mr. Whalley resumed his active relationship with the Portland bar in 1884 as
senior member of the law firm of Whalley, Northup & Deady, his associates in the
firm being H. H. Northup and Paul R. Deady. They gave particular attention to rail-
way litigation and won an extensive clientage of this character. In 1S85 they were
joined by Judge E. C. Bronaugh. whose name was added to the firm under the style
of Whalley, Bronaugh, Northup & Deady, and when Mr. Deady retired soon afterward
the firm name of Whalley, Bronaugh & Northup was adopted. When his real estate
interests demanded his entire attention Mr. Whalley withdrew from active law prac-
tice in March, 1889, but five years later became a partner of Judges Strahn and Pipes
and again practiced for two years. He then formed a partnership with his son-in-law,
W. T. Muir, which association was maintained until the death of the senior member.
He occupied a chair in the law department of the University of Oregon for a number

HISTORY OF OREGON 589

of years as instructor in pleadings and of him it was written: "He had a well ordered
mind and in his forensic encounters always had his legal forces under control. He
became famed for his logical and strategic qualities, availing himself of every means
to guard against legal surprises and overlooking no legal defense. His marked men-
tal activity was supplemented by a habit of thoroughness in everything he undertook
and while he gave attention to every detail he never neglected the broad principles
which make the study and practice of law one of the most useful and uplifting pur-
suits of mankind."

It was on the 21st of July, 1861, in California, that Mr. Whalley wedded Miss Lavinia
T. Kimzey, who was bom in Missouri in 1841 and was but Ave years of age when brought
by her parents across the plains to the Pacific coast, the family settling in the Golden
state. Mr. and Mrs. Whalley became the parents of seven children, of whom one son and
one daughter died in infancy. The others are: Mary, who was born in California and
became the wife of J. Frank Watson, formerly president of the Merchants National Bank
of Portland; Susan, who was born in California and became the wife of General James
N. Allison, U. S. A.; Lavinia, who was born in Portland and is now the wife of H. S.
Huson, prominent construction engineer of the Northwest; Jane, the wife of W. T.
Muir, mentioned elsewhere in this work ; and Charlotte, the wife of Bert Charles Ball,
president of the Willamette Iron and Steel Works of Portland. All the children were
liberally educated, being graduates of St. Helen's Hall.

Mr. Whalley was the first president of the Multnomah Rod & Gun Club of Port-
land, a connection that indicated the nature of his recreation and interests when not
confined by the cares of business. With a few chosen friends he controlled the shoot-
ing privileges of twelve hundred acres of the lake marsh ground in Sauvie's island
and was always greatly interested in the preservation of game birds in the state, in which
connection he urged the enactment of beneficial game laws. He was chosen the first
president of the Sportsmen's Association of the Northwest and was reelected for a
second term. He was fond of travel and of all those interests which contribute to the
cultural values of life and he was likewise well known in fraternal circles. He long
held membership with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in 1870 was made
a delegate from the Grand Lodge of Oregon to the Sovereign Grand Lodge at Baltimore,
Maryland. In the old days of the Volunteer Fire Department in Oregon he was a
member of Columbia Fire Engine Company No. 3, so serving until the establishment
of a paid department. He was ever keenly interested in the welfare and progress
of the city and no cause which promised benefit to Portland failed to receive his
hearty endorsement and support. He was a devoted member of St. Stephen's Protes-
tant Cathedral and served as vestryman for several years, while for ■ three years
prior to his death he was superintendent of the Sunday school. Loyalty to any
cause which he espoused was one of his strongly marked characteristics and his
devotion to his family made him an ideal husband and father. He passed away No-
vember 10, 1900, mourned not only by the members of his immediate household but
by the many friends who had been drawn to him through the ties of pleasant asso-
ciation and kindred interest. He left the impress of his individuality for good
upon the history of Portland in many ways and his name stands high upon the
roll of those who largely molded the history of the city in the second half of the
nineteenth century.

JUDSON HERBERT FERGUSON.

Judson Herbert Ferguson, who has made valuable contribution to the upbuilding
of the Hood River valley and who is a most highly esteemed citizen of Hood River,
■was born in Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1860 and is a son of William and Nancy A. (Stur-
geon) Ferguson, both of whom were of Scotch descent and representatives of pioneer
families of Pennsylvania. In early days the town of Fairview, Pennsylvania, was
called Sturgeonville and was the home city of the maternal ancestors of Mr. Ferguson.
William Ferguson died in Pennsylvania when their son, Judson H., was five years
of age, and Nancy Ferguson, the widow, moved to Iowa with the boy.

The son was educated in Iowa and in early life worked for a time in connection
with the lumber business with his brothers. He then took up the task of herding cat-
tle and in association with an uncle became engaged in raising hogs for the market.
When he was eighteen years of age he determined to seek his fortune in the west

590 HISTORY OF OREGON

and came to Oregon, arriving in Hood River in 1879, since wliich time he has had
much to do with the growth and advancement of both city and county. During the
first year of his residence here he worked in a sawmill and then in connection with
his mother purchased a ranch of one hundred and sixty acres in the Barrett section
of the county. While still giving attention to the development and improvement of
that property he went to Portland and learned the jewelry trade, with which he
became thoroughly familiar. In 1900 he disposed of his ranch and established a
jewelry and watch-making store in Hood River, thus becoming actively identified with
the commercial interests of the city. In addition to his ranch work during the period
from 1880 until 1900 he had worked at his trade in Portland, Vancouver and other
cities of the northwest. From the establishment of his business at Hood River he
has prospered, soon gaining a liberal patronage as the result of his enterprising meth-
ods, manifest in the fine line of goods carried and in his thorough reliability in all
trade transactions. He was also one of the early promoters of the plan for giving
light and power to Hood River and was likewise associated with H. F. Davidson in
the introduction of an irrigation system in this county. He is a man of resolute pur-
pose, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes, and his
activities have largely been of a character contributing tg public progress and pros-
perity as well as to individual success. From 1902 until 1905 he was actively
engaged in the livery business and operated a line of stages to Mount Hood. In
1905 he closed out his jewelry business, turning his attention to the real estate
and abstract business, which he conducted under the name of the Hood River Ab-
stract & Investment Company for three years, and in this connection has secured
a large clientage. He established the moving picture theater, now called The Liberty,
and his untiring activity featured in the growth and development of the city and
state in large measure until 1914, when this man of many activities was stricken
with typhoid fever, which brought him near to death's door and largely forced his
retirement from active pursuits, although he is now greatly recovering his health.
During the many years of his connection with the development and upbuilding of
Hood River he has always been found in the forefront of every movement calculated
to promote the public good.

In 1899 Mr. Ferguson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Dehm of The Dalles,
whose father was for many years the leading jeweler of that city. Mr. and Mrs.
Ferguson have a fine home on State street, occupying a commanding site on the
first hill. From the lawn can be had a beautiful view of the Columbia river and
majestic, snow-capped Mount Adams.

In 1892 Mr. Ferguson was made a member of the city council and in 1917 was
again called upon to serve in that capacity, exercising his official prerogatives in
support of every plan and movement for the benefit and upbuilding of the city. He
is an Odd Fellow and has held all of the offices in the local lodge. He also belongs
to the Ancient Order of United Workmen and to the United Artisans and in the
Odd Fellows organization has been colonel of the First Regiment of the Patriarchs
Militant. Mr. Ferguson was one of twelve men who located Lost Lake at the foot
of Mount Hood in 1880. He thoroughly knows the country, with which he became
identified in early manhood, and is indeed an enthusiastic champion of the district,
which is not only to every inhabitant but to every visitor a place of alluring beauty,
with its rich valley between the splendid snow-capped mountains.

JOHN WOOD.

John Wood, who was prominently known among the representatives of the metal
trades in the northwest and who in 1908 established the John Wood Iron Works of Port-
land, was born in Rhymney, Wales, on the 28th of November, 1856, and was the third
in order of birth in a family of eleven children. His father was an iron worker
and thus John Wood was "to the manner born." The father, emigrating to the new
world, settled in Pennsylvannia, then a center of the iron industry in the United
States.

John Wood was reared and educated in the little rock-ribbed country of Wales
and made the trip to the United States in company with his brother in the year 1880.
He had previously acquired a comprehensive knowledge of iron working in his native
land and upon reaching Pennsylvania was given charge of the iron works at Bethle-

JOHN WOOD

HISTORY OF OREGON 593

hem. The opportunities of the growing west attracted him, however, and in 1882 he
arrived in Portland. For fifteen years thereafter he was associated with the firm of
Smith & Watson and later became connected with the Wolf & Zwicher Iron Works.
While thus engaged he had charge of the construction of several torpedo boats and
merchant ships built by that firm. Subsequently he assisted in founding the Columbia
Engineering Works, resulting in the installation of the first steel foundry on the Pacific
coast and the first west of St. Louis. The plant of the Columbia Engineering Works
was located at Tenth and Johnson streets in Portland and the business was one of the
largest concerns of the kind in the city. Mr. Wood continued as manager of the
enterprise for several years and then in 1908 organized the John Wood Iron Works
for the conduct of a general jobbing and iron work business. He built this up to a
large and successful enterprise, his previous broad and varied experience proving of
the greatest value to him in the establishment and conduct of this new undertaking.
He had the ability to get the best from his men because they recognized his kindly
spirit, his cooperation with them and his interest in them. Following the death of
her husband Mrs. Wood at once took up the management of the business and a local
paper said of her in this connection: "She is said to be the only woman on the coast
who owns and operates an iron works. When Mrs. Wood took up the work of the
plant she first began soliciting for orders, but almost everywhere she met with disap-
pointment because, it soon became apparent, no one expected a woman to understand
the iron business. The plucky woman stuck to her job, however, and from a pay-
roll of twenty employes the iron works increased in its capacity until it now has a
working force of seventy-five molders and machinists. From specializing in job work
the iron works turned its attention to shipyard equipment as soon as the war began.
During the period of the war the plant turned out one hundred per cent production
for the Portland shipyards, the spruce division and several mills. Ship equipment
manufactured includes Macomb bilge-strainers, hawse-pipes, ash-hoists, mushroom ven-
tilators, capstans, hoists and machine work on stern tubes. The plant turned out last
year thirty-six big steam capstans of different sizes. When the Foundation Company
opened its shipyards here the order for all iron work done on the big ship derricks,
ten in number, was placed with the Wood Iron Works. Other shipyards, receiving
the products of the plant were Grant Smith-Porter Company, Supple-Ballin, Coos Bay
Ship Company and Standifer yards at Vancouver. The present capacity of the plant
runs between twelve and fifteen tons a day. W. T. Harrison is manager. Recent
orders include about eighty tons of castings for the furnaces at the Pacific Coast Steel
Company at Willbridge, all of which is heavy work; hoists for gravel pits for railroad
use; lumber trucks for the spruce cutup plant at Vancouver and live-rolls for the Toledo
sawmill."

Mr. Wood was married twice. While still a resident of Wales he wedded Sarah
Ann Griffith, a native of that country, and they became the parents of five children,
all daughters, two of whom were born in Wales. The wife and mother passed away in
1895. In 1898 Mr. Wood wedded Mary C. Howe, a daughter of John and Ellen (Gib-
bons) Howe. To this marriage was born one son, John, who is now in school, being
educated for the purpose of one day taking over the business that was established by
his father and thus relieving his mother of the management of the industry.

In politics Mr. Wood was a stanch republican, giving loyal support to the party
at all times. He greatly enjoyed outdoor sports and was particularly fond of hunting
and fishing and had a wide acquaintance among lovers of true sport in the northwest.
He had social qualities which rendered him very popular among all who knew him,
and at his death The Timberman, a trade journal, said of him: "John Wood was widely
known among the metal trades and lumbermen of the coast and his kindly, genial smile
will Be missed. John Wood was every inch a man." He was indeed possessed of all
those characteristics which men most respect and admire — reliability and enterprise in
business, faithfulness in citizenship and loyalty to the ties of home and friendship.

LEON EARL DAWSON.

Leon Earl Dawson, who is at the head of The Dalles Electric Works, is a
native of Kansas, his birth having there occurred in 1876. His parents were J. R.
and Melvina (McMannemy) Dawson, well-to-do farming people who settled in the
Sunflower state in pioneer times. The son Leon was educated in his home town,

vol. 11—3 8

594 HISTORY OF OREGON

passing through consecutive grades to the high school. When he was nineteen years
of age he determined to go west and in 1895 arrived in Oregon. After working for
a brief period in Portland he removed to The Dalles and obtained a position with
The Dalles Electric Light & Power Company, which work he found congenial and
soon decided to become an electrician. Devoting all of his spare time to study, and
being a young man of steady habits and thoroughness of purpose, he soon mastered
the business and was put in charge of the company's retail and installation depart-
ment. He occupied that position until the company was reorganized in 1910 and closed
out the department of which he had had charge. Mr. Dawson then purchased the
manufacturing, supply and installation department of the company and has since
conducted business under the name of The Dalles Electric Works. He carries a
large stock of electric supplies and house necessities, manufactures all manner of
electrical things to meet needs of this character and installs anything wanted in
the electrical line. His showroom on East Second street displays a large stock of
electric fixtures, household appliances and similar goods. He makes a specialty of
farm installations and is the agent of the Delco-Light System for light, heat and
power. He has thus given to the farmers of Wasco all of the advantages of a city
dweller in the line of electric conveniences and he ranks as a master in his chosen
line.

Mr. Dawson was married in 1903 to Miss Cora V. Joles, whose father was a
retired business man of The Dalles. To this marriage have been born two sons,
Harold and Kenneth, who are now grade pupils in The Dalles schools.

Mr. Dawson has never taken any active part in politics but is well known in
connection with fraternal interests, being a member of the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World and the Knights of Pythias. He is like-
wise a member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained the Knights
Templar degree, and he is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He ranks with the most
popular business men of central Oregon and has seen several competitive firms
establish business but fail to attain success, for the trade is given to him. He has
been prominent in support of all civic matters relating to the welfare of The Dalles
and his cooperation can be counted upon to further any movement for the public

A. J. RIPPERTON.

A. J. Ripperton, deceased, enjoyed the distinction of being the first traveling
salesman in the state of Oregon, and in a large measure was connected with the
commercial development of the northwest. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1S25 and
came to Oregon in 1852.

In early manhood Mr. Ripperton wedded Sarah E. Kemp who was born in Mis-
souri in 1836, and was a daughter of the Hon. William Riley Kemp, who for several
years was representative of Pettis county, Missouri, in the state legislature. In
1852 he started with his family for the northwest, traveling with ox teams across the
plains. On the trip he sustained an injury and on reaching the Blue mountains passed
away. His widow and the family then continued the journey to Salem where they
lived for one year, and Mrs. Kemp lived to the remarkable age of one hundred and two
years, six months and three days.

It was in Salem that Mr. Ripperton met and married Miss Kemp, after which he
removed to Albany, where he and Mr. Le Fleishner opened a store, which they conducted
for several years. At length Mr. Ripperton disposed of his interest in that business
and afterward owned and conducted stores in different places, finally taking up his
abode in Portland where he worked for the Mercantile Protective Union. For a time
Mrs. Ripperton engaged in the selling of millinery and lace goods in Portland and in
later years both Mr. and Mrs. Ripperton represented the Mercantile Protective Union.
By reason of his activities along commercial lines Mr. Ripperton gained a wide acquaint-
ance throughout the state. His energy and enterprise won him success and the
sterling traits of his character gained for him many friends.

It will be interesting in this connection to note that Mrs. Ripperton is a third
cousin of Lady Astor, the letter's grandmother and Mrs. Ripperton's grandfather being
brother and sister. To Mr. and Mrs. Ripperton were born eight children but only

HISTORY OF OREGON 595

one, a daughter, is living — Fannie E., who is the wife of Andrew J. Porter of Seattle,
Washington.

In his political views Mr. Ripperton was a republican. He passed away in 1906,
and his many friends throughout the state felt deep regret at his death. He was a
charter member of the first Odd Fellows lodge ever organized in this state. His wife
was a Daughter of Rebekah. and their marriage was celebrated in the Odd Fellows
Lodge in Salem in 1853, about three hundred of the order being present at the mar-
riage. Mrs. Ripperton survives her husband and still makes her home in Portland.
She celebrated her eighty-fourth birthday, April 22, 1920. She was born on her
mother's birthday.

ALLAN ADOLPHUS SMITH.

Allan Adolphus Smith, who since 1910 has engaged in the practice of law at Baker,
was born in Humboldt, Iowa, April 15, 1885, and is a son of Jacob and Louisa Smith,
the former a successful farmer and prominent business man of Iowa. The family .
came originally from Pennsylvania, where representatives of the name had lived
through several generations.

In his student days Allan Adolphus Smith attended the Highland Park Unirersity
at Des Moines, Iowa, and also became a student in Humboldt College at Humboldt,
Iowa, from which institution he was graduated in 1908. He then took up the pro-
fession of teaching, becoming head of the commercial department of the high school
at Baker, a position which he occupied from 1908 until 1910. In the latter year he
became associated with the Hon. John L. Rand in the practice of law. for he had previ-
ously devoted his leisure hours to the study of law and had qualified for admission
to the bar. In 1916 he opened offices of his own, since which time he has practiced
independently at Baker. He has wide and accurate knowledge of legal principles and
prepares his cases with great thoroughness and care, while his presentation of his
cause is always clear, strong and logical. Aside from his chosen calling he has be-
come identified with other interests and is now a director of the Eastern Oregon Light
& Power Company.

On the 19th of June, 1912, at The Dalles, Oregon, Mr. Smith was united in mar-
riage to Miss Mabel A. Garrett, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Garrett, of Millston,
Wisconsin, and representatives of the well known pioneer Mills family of the latter
state. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith have been born two children, Lois and Hugh.

In his political views Mr. Smith has always been a democrat and from 1919 until
1921 he represented his district in the state legislature. Unable to fight as a soldier
he did his bit in the war activities and took a prominent part in all the various drives.
He is now vice president of the Baker Chamber of Commerce, to which position he was
chosen in 1918, and he has been a director thereof since 1913. He is also a director of
Baker Chapter of the American Red Cross and in other ways has been closely identi-
fied with the substantial development and progress of the community and with all
that makes for good citizenship and the upholding of high ideals.

WILLIAM S. WEEKS.

For thirty years William S. Weeks resided on the Pacific coast and was an en-
thusiastic supporter of the west and its opportunities. When death called him he was
filling the position of deputy sheriff and had made a most excellent record by his
prompt and faithful discharge of duty. He was born in New York city in 1862, a son
of James H. and Susan (Robinson) Weeks, both of whom were natives of the Empire
state. The Weeks family comes of English ancestry, while the Robinsons were an old
New England family. Representatives of the name there owned property which has
been handed down from generation to generation.

When William S. Weeks was about six or eight years of age he was taken to Mich-
igan by his parents. . His father was an attorney and practiced law in Lowell, Michigan,
for a time, after which he removed to Galesburg, Illinois, where he followed his pro-
fession for many years. He was connected with the legal department of the city as
attorney for an extended period, or until he retired on account of advanced years.

596 HISTORY OF OREGON

He and his wife are still living in Galesburg and are most highly respected residents
of that place.

William S. Weeks completed his education in the high school at Lowell, Michigan,
and after the removal of the family to Galesburg, Illinois, secured employment in a
drug store. He afterward became connected with the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
Railroad in a clerical capacity and subsequently was made claim adjuster for the road.
About 1890 he determined to try his fortune in the northwest and made his way to
Pocatello, Idaho, where he obtained a clerkship with the Union Pacific Railroad Com-
pany and afterward was connected with the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company.
With the latter corporation he went to The Dalles in the store department and after-
ward to Portland in the same department. He next became connected with the Northern
Pacific Terminal Company as storekeeper and filled that position for seventeen years —
a fact indicative of his marked capability and faithfulness. At length he retired from
railroad work and accepted a position as deputy sheriff, in which capacity he served
for three years, or until his demise.

On the 10th of October, 1893, Mr. Weeks was married to Miss Kate L. McPherson,
a daughter of W. A. and N. J. (Fenn) McPherson, the former born in North Carolina,
while the latter was born in Illinois and came with her father to Oregon in 1847, the
family home being established on a farm in Linn county. In 1852 Mr. McPherson
engaged in teaching school, while later he turned his attention to journalism and
established the Plaindealer. To Mr. and Mrs. Weeks were born four children: Margaret
L., Mildred, Edna Robinson and William Stone, Jr. The family circle was broken by
the hand of death when on the 9th of September, 1920, Mr. Weeks passed away. He
had been engaged in official duty that day and death overtook him while he was re-
turning to his home in the evening. The news of his demise brought a sense of deep
sorrow to many hearts. In his family he was a devoted husband and father and his
lodge brethren found him always a faithful friend, loyal to the high ideals of the
organizations which he represented. For thirty years he lived in Portland, was deeply
interested in the west and its upbuilding and was a firm believer in its future.

In 1895 Mr. Weeks became a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to
Willamette Lodge, No. 2, of which he was past master and at the time of his death
was its secretary. He was a most worthy and faithful follower of the teachings of
the craft, ever recognizing the brotherhood of mankind and the obligations thereby
imposed. He also belonged to the Episcopal church and consistently followed its pur-
poses and teachings.

EDWARD STOCKER.

The life record of Edward Stocker was marked by constant progress. He was a
successful man, energetic and determined, and what he undertook he accomplished.
A native of Switzerland, he was born in Lucerne, June 19, 1858, and his parents were
also natives of that country, where they spent their entire lives.

The son was reared and educated in the land of the Alps and when a young man
of about twenty years crossed the ocean to the United States, making his way to
Washington, where he worked as a farm hand in the vicinity of Walla Walla for
about eight years. About 1887 he came to Oregon, purchasing one hundred and sixty
acres of land four miles east of Newport. This he improved and developed, continuing
active in its cultivation until 1902, when he took up his residence in the town, where
he established a meat market, which he continued to conduct until the time of his
demise on the 31st of December, 1918. He was a man of excellent business ability and
in the management of his interests he displayed sound judgment, energy and enter-
prise. He conducted a first class establishment and his progressive methods, known
reliability and reasonable prices soon won for him a large patronage. As his capital
increased he made judicious investments in property, becoming the owner of four
valuable farms in addition to considerable city property, and was most successful in all
of his undertakings. He always followed the most honorable methods and therefore
gained the respect and confidence of all who had business dealings with him.

In 1886 Mr. Stocker was united in marriage to Miss Katharine Veit, and they
became the parents of five children: Edward P. is engaged in ranching and is a
veteran of the World war, enlisting in the army and serving for a period of two
years; Albert J. also operates a ranch in Lincoln county; Henry J. and William are

EDWARD STOCKER

HISTORY OF OREGON 599

conducting the meat market established by their father. The business has grown to
extensive proportions and they are now operating two establishments of that character
in Newport. They own the buildings in which their business is conducted and also
other property in the city and are enterprising, energetic young business men who
are proving most capable in the management of their father's interests. The son,
Henry J. Stocker, was married to Miss Grace L. Morris on the 4th of March, 1919;
Emma became the wife of George Pye and passed away, leaving a daughter, Florence
E. Mrs. Stocker survives her husband and resides in Newport, where she has a large
circle of friends, who entertain for her the highest regard.

Edward Stocker was a democrat in his political views and was active in the public
life of his community, serving as port commissioner at Newport for eight years, and
for about twelve years he was a member of the city council, rendering efficient and
valuable service in both connections. In religious faith he was a Catholic, while
fraternally he was identified with the Woodmen of the World. His was a busy, active
and useful life, crowned with successful achievement. Those who knew him esteemed
him for his sterling worth, for they found him trustworthy in every relation. He was
honorable and straightforward in business, reliable in citizenship and true to the ties
of home and friendship.

PAUL BOGARDUS.

Paul Bogardus, a well known business man of Klamath Falls, was born in Sanders
county, Nebraska, on the 14th of December, 1876, a son of Cornelius and Anna (Warren)
Bogardus. The Bogardus family are of Holland-Dutch ancestry, their ancestors having
settled in New York state when the present city of New York was New Amsterdam.
On the paternal side Mr. Bogardus traced his ancestry back as far as 1638 and he
laughingly says: "Some of my relatives are still suing for the Trinity church property
in New York." It is a notable fact that none of the Bogardus family sought residence
outside of the state of New York until the outbreak of the Civil war, when Cornelius
Bogardus enlisted in the service and after four years of fighting settled in Omaha,
Nebraska. There he became an employe of the Union Pacific Railroad and won more
than a substantial amount of success in that connection.

The schools of Nebraska afforded Paul Bogardus his early education and in due time
he entered the high school in Oklahoma, from which he was graduated after completing
the required course. He then entered the service of the government in the postal de-
partment and for the next twenty-five years continued in post office work. Fifteen years
of that time was spent as a railway clerk, for the most time being stationed at various
points in Oklahoma. He devoted every energy to the conduct of his particular line of
work and capably and conscientiously performed every task assigned him. In 1910
he came to Oregon and visiting Klamath Falls was so impressed by its general air
of prosperity that he at once decided to make that city his home. The immense amount
of experience he had received along postal lines soon brought him the offer of a
position as money order clerk in the Klamath Falls post office. He accepted that offer
and for four years was active in that connection, winning the confidence and esteem
of all with whom he came into contact. He resigned in 1918. however, and established
a realty business on his own account, confining himself to the handling of city property
and timber lands. Occasionally he takes an interest in other lines of business and
was the first stock sales manager of the Klamath Mint Company, which is producing
mint on two thousand, five hundred acres of reclaimed land for the manufacture of
peppermint oil.

In 1907 Mr. Bogardus was united in marriage to Mrs. Celia O'Loughlin, a daughter
of J. A. Daley who was a well known merchant and miner of Pennsylvania. Mrs.
Bogardus has two children by her former marriage: Coleman and Claudia. The son
has the distinction of being the first man from Klamath county to enter France as a
member of the American Expeditionary Forces. For twenty-two months he served
In that country and participated in all of the major battles of the war. Mrs. Bogardus.
who is a graduate nurse following this profession before her marriage, endeared her-
self to the people of Klamath Falls during the devastating Spanish influenza epidemic
of 1918. She was foremost in relief work during that epidemic, doing her work under
the auspices of the Red Cross. At all times she is ready to give generously of her

600 HISTORY OF OREGON

time to the promotion of any project which she thinks of value to the community and
during the spring of 1921 she served as a captain of the Chamber of Commerce drive.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Bogardus the right of franchise he has been a stanch
supporter of the republican party, in the interests of which he takes an active part.
In 1920 he was elected a member of the city council and is serving to the best of his
ability as chairman of the streets, water, fire and light committee. During the four
months he has been a member of the council Mr. Bogardus has shown no vanity in the
exhibition of power but what he thinks he ought to do he does with quiet firmness.
The religious faith of both Mr. and Mrs. Bogardus is that of the Catholic church and
he has no fraternal affiliations, preferring to spend his entire time in promoting his
business interests. He has carried forward in a most capable manner the realty
business and displays a mature judgment, spirit of initiative and marked executive
ability in controlling his interests. The business has assumed extensive proportions
and is one of the leading commercial enterprises in Klamath Palls.

SIDNEY J. MATCOVICH.

One of the important manufacturing enterprises of Portland is the Coast Engine
& Machine Works of which Sidney J. Matcovich is the president. He is a thorough
mechanic and in the management of his business affairs is proving progressive, energetic
and capable, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. The
story of his life is an interesting and inspiring one, showing what can be attained
through individual effort when industry is guided by intelligence. Starting out in life
with few of the advantages which come to the great majority of youths, he has never-
theless made wise use of his time, his talents and his opportunities and his success
is entirely attributable to his own efforts and labors.

Mr. Matcovich is one of Oregon's native sons and was born in the city where he
now resides on the 22d of December, 1S86, the third in a family of six children. His
parents are Mathew and Christine (La Freo) Matcovich, the former born in Dalmatia,
Austria, September 14, 1856, while the latter was born on board a vessel anchored in
the harbor of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 22, 1860. Previous to locating in Port-
land the father was a seafaring man, having followed that calling from early youth
in the eastern part of the Mediterranean and visiting all parts of the globe in his occu-
pation as a sailor. As a cabin boy he landed at Philadelphia when but thirteen years
of age. The mother is of Spanish descent, her parents being identified with the
theatrical business. As members of a troupe of circus performers they traveled over
Europe, Asia, South America and all parts of the world and Mrs. Matcovich converses
fluently in many languages, having an Inexhaustible fund of information, gained
through her wide travels. One of her most valued possessions is a commendatory
letter from the American minister at Rio de Janeiro, given to her as a young girl in
recognition of her heroic and self-sacrificing work in nursing Americans who were
stricken with yellow fever during an epidemic in that city. Mr. and Mrs. Matcovich
came to Portland from South America on the same vessel, the former being one of
the crew. This was his last voyage and two years later, in 1881, they were married
and have since resided in Portland. They are passing the sunset of life in a com-
fortable home on Terwilliger boulevard, surrounded by their children and grandchildren
and enjoying the respect and esteem of all who have the honor of their acquaintance.

In the public schools of his native city their son, Sidney J. Matcovich, acquired
his education, also attending night technical schools, where he pursued postgraduate
courses in mathematics and mechanical engineering. When fifteen years of age he
became an apprentice in the machine shop of Bell & Wildman, where he worked ten
hours a day, there remaining for three years, during which period he learned the trade.
When the machinery business was dull he ran a stationary engine in a paving plant
and his activities from this time forward were varied and interesting. Being a young
man of unusual mechanical skill and possessing thorough technical knowledge, his
services were eagerly sought by large industrial concerns engaged in the manufacture
of machinery. For seven years he was in the employ of the Willamette and Columbia
River Towing Company and he has been at the head of the mechanical departments
of some of the largest automobile and machinery equipment companies in Portland,
Astoria and Hood River. The turning point in his career came when Joseph Supple,
a prominent boat builder, who was acquainted with Mr. Matcovich's mechanical ability.

HISTORY OF OREGON 601

offered him his run-down machine shop on a fifty-fifty basis. Although at this time
Mr. Matcovich had no available funds, at the end of two years he was able to buy a
half interest in the establishment and in 1918 removed the shop to its present location
at the foot of East Taylor street. He then bought the remaining interest in the busi-
ness, which is now incorporated under the title of the Coast Engine & Machine Works,
of which he is the president. The firm manufactures and designs its own gasoline
drag-saws, hydraulic oil hoists and dump bodies for automobile trucks and also designs
and builds conveying machinery for unloading ships, repairs and installs boilers and
engines and in fact everything in the line of heavy machinery. Under the capable
management and progressive methods employed by Mr. Matcovich the business is en-
joying a steady growth, its trade now extending all over the northwest and it is
regarded as one of the leading industrial concerns of the city. During the World war
the plant was devoted to government work, manufacturing machinery to be installed
in the boats which were then being constructed in the shipyards in this locality. Mr.
Matcovich is proving efficient, energetic and farsighted in the conduct of the extensive
business of which he is the head and under his management it has steadily grown. He
gives careful oversight to all phases of the work and is constantly "eeking to increase
the efficiency of his plant, to improve in any way possible the quality of the output
and to extend the trade of the company to new territory.

In Portland, on the 20th day of April, 1910, Mr. Matcovich was united in marriage
to Clara Olsen, a native of Denver, Colorado, and a daughter of Mrs. Bertha Hansen,
whose birth occurred in Norway. The two children of this union are Helen and
Berenice, aged respectively nine and five years. The family resides at No. 792 Gan-
tenbein avenue, Portland.

In his political views Mr. Matcovich is independent, casting his ballot according to
the dictates of his judgment and without regard to party affiliation and his religious
faith is indicated by his membership in the English Lutheran church. He is an inter-
ested and active member of the Portland Chamber of Commerce and the State Chamber
of Commerce and fraternally is identified with Portland Lodge, No. 142, B. P. O. E.
Actuated at all points in his career by a progressive spirit and firm determination,
he has fought life's battles unaided and has come off a victor in the strife. Honored
and respected by all, he occupies an enviable position in business circles of Portland,
not alone by reason of the success he has achieved but also owing to the straightforward
business policy which he has ever pursued.

EDGAR TRUMAN SLAYTON.

Crook county has been slow to take up diversified farming for it has long been
recognized as a typical cattle and horse country, the mountains and foothills afford-
ing an abundance of range and the irrigated lands producing the native meadow and
alfalfa hay for winter feeding. Edgar Truman Slayton. however, owner of the Elder-
hurst Stock Farm, located a few miles from the county seat of Prineville, has been
more than successful in raising beef, holding the record of topping the market price
every year for that product. Elderhurst is one of the attractive places of Crook county
and consists of eight hundred acres of valuable land. The residence is of simple though
beautiful architecture and is surrounded by a grove of wonderful shade trees. The
house and the barns contain all modern improvements and are electrically lighted.
The outhouses are large and built for sanitation and the immense feed lots are models
of cleanliness, being supplied with fresh water daily. In addition to securing water
from the Ochoco irrigation project, Mr. Slayton has had private irrigation ditches con-
structed.

Edgar Truman Slayton is a native Oregonian. his birth having occurred in Polk
county in 1863. His father, Samuel R. Slayton, came to Oregon in 1852 and for some
time engaged in mining, subsequently removing to Linn county, where he took up land
and operated a ranch. In 1869 he removed to Wasco, now Crook county, and estab-
lished the farm now conducted so successfully by his son, Edgar Truman Slayton. The
mother of our subject was Eliza J. Savery, who was also a member of an honored pioneer
family.

In the acquirement of an education Edgar Truman Slayton attended the schools
of Crook county and later entered the Portland Business College, from which he was
graduated in 1884. After working on the home place for about eleven years he pur-

fi02 HISTORY OF OREGON

chased the homestead and with added acreage made it the Elderhurst Stock Farm
of today. He breeds only high grade shorthorn cattle and in addition to the eight
hundred acres of the home farm has some four thousand acres for range.

Mr. Slayton has been twice married. He was first married in November, 1894, to
Miss Jessie M. Welch, who passed away in 1899. They became the parents of two
charming daughters: Mildred, the eldest, is a graduate of the Oregon Agricultural
College and is now engaged in teaching at Central Point; while the younger daughter,
Mabel, also a graduate of the Oregon Agricultural College, is taking a postgraduate
course at Pullman College, Washington. Both are talented young women. On October
21, 1903, Mr. Slayton was again wedded, taking Miss Sarah Jeanette Marks for his
wife. Mrs. Slayton is a native Oregonian of pioneer stock and is a woman of much
intellect and with a magnetic personality.

As the result of feeding cattle for the market and the success he has attained
along that line, Mr. Slayton says that alfalfa is the cheapest and best teed for fattening.
The finish is good enough to put Crook county cattle at the top of the market many
times each year. Mr. Slayton grows all of his hay and though his farm is modern
in every particular there is not a silo on the place, though he is not opposed to silo
feeding.

In political affairs Mr. Slayton takes an active part, being an old line democrat,
and his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church. He belongs to the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, and is a member of the Crook County Irrigators and holds the
title of Duke of Baby Beet in that live wire organization.

LOT P. W. QUI MB Y.

Lot P. W. Quimby is one of the venerable residents of Portland. He has passed
the eighty-third milestone on life's journey and is now living retired, enjoying in
well earned rest the fruits of his former toil. He was born in Caledonia county.
Vermont, July 6, 1837, his parents being Daniel J. and Polly (Woodruff) Quimby, who
were natives of Sandwich, New Hampshire, and were of English lineage. The grand-
father was the Rev. Mr. Quimby, who erected a church in which he preached for
many years, this being the first church that Lot P. W. Quimby ever attended. The
educational advantages of Mr. Quimby of this review were those which could be secured
through attendance at the three months' winter term of school, and the summer seasons
were spent in arduous labor upon his father's farm. In fact he began work in the
fields at the time of early spring planting and continued his labors until crops were
gathered in the late autumn. When eighteen or nineteen years of age, however, he
decided to abandon the plow and started out upon the road as a peddler, spending about
two years in that way. He then determined to try his fortune in the west and journeyed
toward the setting sun by way of the water route and the Isthmus of Panama to San
Francisco, California, in 1859. He worked in the Napa valley for two months and in
1860 made his way into the gold mines. He still has in his possession the card of
D. O. Mills, who purchased his first gold dust before a mint was established in Cali-
fornia. Mr. Quimby, however, followed mining for only a brief period and then re-
turned to San Francisco, where he engaged in selling water, for in those days all water
used was peddled through the city at so much per bucket. He thus earned his living
for about six months, at the end of which time he sold the business and turned his
attention to the conduct of a livery stable. In 1861 he purchased a restaurant, which
he conducted until 1862, but on the 15th of February of the latter year he left the
Golden Gate with Portland as his destination, arriving on the 22d of February —
Washington's birthday. He was en route to the mines on the Salmon river and the
boat on which he made the trip was the first up the river in six months.

After reaching Portland Mr. Quimby rigged up a pack train and in the last of
February left for the mines above Lewiston. He then devoted his attention to mining
until fall, when he returned to Portland and became associated with H. W. Bennett
in the forwarding and livery business and also in the commission business. He bought
the first four-wheeled hack that was ever run in Portland and as the years passed
developed a large transfer business. He subsequently purchased the livery business
of the firm of Sherlock & Bacon and conducted the stable for about a year, when he
sold out to Mr. Acker. He then purchased an interest in the business of Sam Smith at
Second and Morrison streets, the place being known as the Weston, while the name

HISTORY OF OREGON 603

was afterward changed to the Occidental. Mr. Quimby was thus identified with hotel
interests in Portland until 1866. In that year he purchased the Lincoln House, formerly
owned by General Stephen Coffin, an Oregon pioneer, and renamed the hostelry the
American Exchange. He conducted the hotel for about sixteen years and in 1878
fire destroyed the building. He then engaged in dealing in horses in eastern Oregon,
■where he continued for four years but on the expiration of that period returned to
Portland, where he opened the Quimby House, which had been erected by the Wilson
family. This Mr. Quimby furnished and conducted the hostelry for a period of fourteen
years. It is still being carried on under the name of the Quimby Hotel. Mr. Quimby
was also the first game warden of Oregon, being appointed by Governor Geer and
filling the position for a period of six years or until 1910, when he retired from office.

In 1865 Mr. Quimby was married to Miss Amelia West, a daughter of Whiting G.
West of the Wells Fargo Express Company, who established the first line between
Portland and San Francisco, carrying express on the backs of ponies in 1858 or 1859.
Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Quimby, of whom four are living: Of the
family Elmer W. has passed away; Daisy is the wife of L. Q. Sweatland, who is one
of the proprietors of the Perkins Hotel and also of the Sweatland building of Portland;
Lottie is the wife of Harry Taylor, who in the "80s was with the Oregon Railroad &
Navigation Company, being one of the early employes of that corporation; Polly W. is
the wife of Frank Webster, who for seventeen years made the run by steamer between
Skagway and Whitehorse, Alaska; Daniel W. is an electrician at the Bremerton navy
yard; Harry W. died in infancy.

Mr. Quimby has always been keenly interested in public affairs and served for
one term in the state legislature, being elected to the office in 1863, in which year he
took six members of the house to Salem in a four-horse stage.

Mr. Quimby formerly belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and has
been a lifelong republican, supporting the party since attaining his majority. He
reached adult age soon after the organization of the party and has always been one
of its stalwart supporters. Throughout the period of his residence in the northwest he
has labored earnestly and effectively for the upbuilding and progress of this section
of the country and has been identified with many projects and interests which have
been directly beneficial to Oregon. His business interests have brought him a wide
acquaintance and the careful management of his affairs insures to him a substantial
competence. He has now advanced far on life's journey and is in the eventide of a
useful and honorable career whereby he has gained many warm friends and every-
where he is spoken of in terms of high regard.

BENJAMIN F. WEAVER.

Benjamin F. Weaver spent his last years in Portland and gained a wide and
favorable acquaintance in that period in which he was connected with the Rose
City prior to his demise. He was a native of Fredericktown, Ohio, and a son of
George and Adaline (Preston) Weaver. The father's birth occurred in Winchester,
West Virginia, while the mother's birth occurred in Ohio.

Benjamin F. Weaver obtained his education in the schools of his native state.
He was only fifteen years of age when his father met an accidental death and he
was therefore early thrown upon his own resources and was ever afterward depend-
ent upon his own labors for the success he achieved. As the years passed this
success became of substantial character. At an early day he engaged in the whole-
sale produce and grocery business at Salem, Ohio, and subsequently went to Chicago,
where he became identified with the firm of Grains & Farwell, prominent wholesale
grocers of that city. A year later he was admitted to a partnership in the business
and was associated therewith for eighteen years. He next went to Omaha, Nebraska,
where he became a partner in the Paxton & Gallagher Company and his identifica-
tion with that house continued for about seventeen years, his efforts constituting
a most important element in the upbuilding and extension of its trade. He pos-
sessed in large measure that quality which for want of a better term has been called
commercial sense. He formed his plans readily and was prompt and accurate in their
execution. After his health failed him, obliging him to retire from commercial
pursuits, he made four trips to Japan and there purchased tea, shipping many carloads
to Omaha. He and his wife made a tour around the world, hoping thereby to benefit

604 HISTORY OF OREGON

his health, but when he returned to Omaha and again entered the store it was
seen that his constitution was not equal to the task imposed upon it in commercial
life. He then disposed of his interests in the business and removed to Portland,
hoping that the climate here would prove beneficial. He lived retired from com-
mercial interests but was appointed tea inspector for the United States and oc-
cupied that position for two years. He had been reappointed for another term of
two years before the government learned of his death, which occurred May 21, 1916.
He was regarded as the most thoroughly efficient tea inspector the government ever
had. While living at Omaha, Nebraska, he had owned an interest in a large tea
store at Grand Island, that state, and as a wholesale grocer he had long been familiar
with and was an excellent judge of the product.

In 1S76 Mr. Weaver was married to Miss Lizzie Kate Rogers of Mount Vernon,
Ohio, a daughter of Timothy W. and Dorothy (Hogg) Rogers, who were natives of
Ohio and of England, respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver became the parents of a
daughter, Cora E., the wife of C. L. Boss of Portland. Mr. Weaver was devoted to
his home and family and found his greatest happiness in promoting the welfare
of his wife and daughter. He was a self-made man and deserved much credit for
what he accomplished. Starting out in life on his own account when a youth of
fifteen years, he eagerly embraced every opportunity that meant progress and ad-
vancement along the lines of legitimate business. Step by step he progressed and
for many years was a leading figure in commercial circles in the middle west. Dur-
ing his residence in Portland he gained many friends and the news of his demise
carried a deep sense of sorrow to all with whom he had been associated both in
Oregon and wherever he had previously lived. His widow survives and now lives
at the Multnomah Hotel in Portland, having become a lover of the beautiful Rose
City.

JOHN PORTER WHITLOCK.

John Porter Whitlock, who to the time of his death was president and manager of
the Coast Bridge Company at Portland, Oregon, and acted as construction engineer
in connection with the building of some of the biggest and finest bridges on the Pacific
coast, was born in Taylorville, Illinois, November 16, 1873, his parents being George
and Prances (White) Whitlock, who were natives of Albany, New York. The family
removed to Friend, Nebraska, when John P. Whitlock was but six years of age, the
father there owning and operating a large farm. The son obtained his early education
in the schools of the locality but his opportunities in that direction were somewhat
limited. However, in the school of experience he learned many valuable lessons and
was constantly broadening his knowledge through reading and observation, for he
possessed a most retentive memory. After reaching adult age he took up the business
of bridge building. He was early employed as a bridge foreman, which business he fol-
lowed for several years, becoming an expert in that line. He did bridge work in nearly
all of the middle states west of the Mississippi river and in 1896 made his way to Den-
ver, where he remained for about eighteen months, that city being his headquarters,
although his labors took him into different sections. On the expiration of that period
he removed to Seattle, where he was located for a year, and in 1910 he came to Port-
land and organized and became president and manager of the Coast Bridge Company,
which position he continued to fill to the time of his death. He was a construction
engineer and contractor on some of the largest and finest bridges built in the coast
country. There was no phase of the work with which he was not thoroughly familiar
and his efficiency was of a very high order. Thoroughness characterized every phase
of his work and he was never content unless the highest possible had been attained.

In 1903 Mr. Whitlock was married to Miss Grace E. Jenks. a daughter of Riley E.
and Alice (Anderson) Jenks. Her father was a native of Dane county, Wisconsin,
while her mother was born in Iowa. Mr. Jenks engaged in agricultural pursuits in
Iowa for forty years and there passed away on the 2Sth of July, 1919. To Mr. and Mrs.
Whitlock were born three children, one of whom died in infancy, the surviving sons
being Harold Edmond, now a high school pupil, and Evan Porter, who is a pupil in
the grades.

Mr. Whitlock was widely known through many connections. He belonged to the
Masonic fraternity, having membership in the blue lodge, No. 55, A. P. & A. M. of Port-

JOHN P. WHITLOCK

HISTORY OF OREGON 607

land, and he also attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and was a mem-
ber of Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise belonged to the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks and was always loyal to any cause which he espoused. His
religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Westminster Presbyterian
church. He was a man of very high business and social standing, meriting and receiv-
ing the trust and goodwill of his fellowmen in every relation of life. He died at Mrs.
Whitlock's father's home in Iowa, while there on a trip for his health, May 1, 1919.

EVERETT AMES.

Everett Ames of Portland was a lawyer who retired from the practice of his profes-
sion and became one of the prominent manfacturers of the Rose City. For a long
period he was thus connected with the industrial and commercial development of
Portland and his interests constituted an important element in the city's growth.
He was a man of high purpose and unfaltering activity in business, his acts being
directed at all times by a sound judgment and keen sagacity. In the last years of
his life he was particularly active in war work and no citizen of Portland labored
more effectively and earnestly to uphold the interests of the government and promote
the welfare of the soldiers in camp and field than did Everett Ames.

A western man by birth, training and preference, Everett Ames always displayed
the spirit of enterprise which has been the dominant factor in the upbuilding of the
Pacific coast country. He was born in Half Moon Bay, California, in 1873, his parents
being Josiah and Martha Ames, the former a native of England whence he came to the
new world, settling in California during the pioneer epoch in the history of that
state.

Everett Ames passed his early life in California and acquired his education in the
public schools there and in the University of California, from which in due course of
time he was graduated. He was a law student in the State University and after com-
pleting his course at Berkeley opened a law ofl^ce in San Francisco, where he remained
in active practice for seven years, or until 1902, when he entered into active associa-
tion with manufacturing interests, of which his elder brother, James P. Ames, was a
partner. For a long period the house of the Ames-Harris-Neville Company has figured
prominently in connection with the manufacturing interests of Portland, being engaged
in the manufacture of burlap, cotton bags, twine, rope, etc. The business was estab-
lished about 1860 in San Francisco, California, by E. Detrick & Company and was
conducted under that name until 1883, when J. P. Ames, of Oakland, California, became
a partner in the enterprise under the firm style of Ames & Detrick. The business was
carried on at San Francisco until 1884, in which year a branch house was established
in Portland. Operations were continued under the name of Ames & Detrick until 1893
when the Detrick interests withdrew and the firm became Ames & Harris, E. F. Harris
purchasing an interest at that time. In 1898 the firm of Ames & Harris was incor-
porated and continued the conduct of the business until 1906, when they purchased the
interests of Neville & Company of San Francisco and the Neville Bag Company, of
Portland, one of their chief competitors. The merged interests were then incorporated
under the style of the Ames-Harris-Neville Company, with J. H. James of San Fran-
cisco as president and treasurer, while Everett Ames of this review, brother of J. H.
Ames, became the first vice president and manager of the Portland business. The Port-
land house employs about two hundred operatives in the factory and also maintains a
large office force. Everett Ames continued at the head of the Portland branch until
his death, which occurred March 23, 1919, and the success of the enterprise at this
point was attributable in large measure to his initiative and powers of organization.

In 1901 Mr. Ames was united in marriage to Miss Louella Ober Everett, a daughter
of Edward and Helen (Keating) Everett, both representatives of old New England
families but early residents of California, having journeyed to the west by way of Cape
Horn. To Mr. and Mrs. Ames were born two sons: Edward Everett and James Henry,
both at home.

Mr. Ames was very prominent in all civic activities and took a helpful part in
promoting the various patriotic enterprises and drives which resulted from the World
war. He was especially active in the promotion of the several Liberty loan campaigns,
in which he figured with great success as a divisional colonel and as commander of
the Flying Squadron. He was unanimously chosen chairman of the Flying Squadron,

608 HISTORY OF OREGON

as it was conceded that there was no other man in Portland who could equal him in
rounding up the big subscriptions. He was thus called into the emergency service
whenever the city campaign proved laggard. He also directed the United War Work
campaign as city chairman. He took particular interest in the Soldiers & Sailors Club
of Portland, being instrumental in its organization and was the vice chairman of the
War Camp Community Service for Oregon. His political endorsement was given to the
republican party. He belonged to the Portland Chamber of Commerce, also to the
University Club, the Arlington Club, the Waverly Golf Club and was a life member of
the Multnomah Club. He was warmly admired by his business associates and par-
ticularly by those in his employ. He possessed a remarkable brain and comprehensive
mind, being unusually keen even for slight details. He was one of those quiet, effective
men who keep themselves in the background, yet constitute the moving force in many
public endeavors. He never sought credit nor recognition for himself but was content
to see the results accomplished. Those who read back from effect to cause, however,
recognized in Everett Ames one to whom Portland owes much for her development,
for her progress and her good name.

HON. W. V. FULLER.

Hon. W. V. Fuller, one of the progressive business men and substantial citizens of
Dallas, is secretary of the Commercial Club and proprietor of the Fuller Pharmacy and
is also extensively interested in timber lands. His activities are thus broad, varied and
important and constitute a valuable element in the substantial upbuilding and progress
of his section of the state. He comes of distinguished ancestry, representatives of the
family in both the paternal and maternal lines having defended American interests as
soldiers in the Revolutionary war.

Mr. Fuller was born in West Union, Iowa, January 10, 1861, and is a son of Lewis
and Diantha (Hoyt) Fuller, natives of New England. In an early day the father came
west to Iowa, taking up land in Howard county, which he cleared and developed, con-
tinuing its cultivation and improvement until called to his final rest. He served for a
short time as a soldier in the Civil war, enlisting as a member of an Iowa regiment. He
passed away in May, 1866, and the mother's demise occurred in February, 1912.

Their son, W. V. Fuller, was reared and educated in Iowa and on attaining adult
age he engaged in farming in that state until 1881, when he went to northern Minnesota,
where he became connected with the lumber industry. He conducted his operations on
an extensive scale, becoming the owner of planing mills and several retail lumber-yards,
and continued to reside in that state for a period of twenty years, or until 1901. In
that year he came to Oregon, settling at Dallas, where he engaged in the real estate and
lumber business, but is not active in the former line at present. For the past eleven
years he has been proprietor of the Fuller Pharmacy at Dallas but does not devote his
time to its operation, his attention being largely given to the conduct of his extensive
timber and horticultural interests. He has timber holdings In Polk, Benton, Lincoln
and Tillamook counties and also has large farming interests, specializing in the raising
of cherries. During the summer months he has charge of the fire patrol in Benton and
Polk counties, being secretary and manager of the Polk County Fire Patrol Association.
His activities thus cover a broad field and he is active in pushing forward the wheels
of progress in Polk county. He is a farsighted business man, possessing sound Judg-
ment and keen discrimination, and his initiative spirit and notable ability have carried
him into important relations.

In October, 1880, Mr. Fuller was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Stewart and thej
have become the parents of a daughter, Bertha, who Is now the wife of Oscar Hayter,
a prominent attorney of Dallas.

In his political views Mr. Fuller is a republican and he has been called upon to rep-
resent his district in the state legislature, serving in the sessions of 1917 and 1919
and also during the special session of 1920. He carefully studied the problems which
came up for settlement, giving his earnest support to all bills which he believed would
prove beneficial to the commonwealth and his legislative record is a most creditable
one. He is much interested in the welfare and progress of his community and for two
terms was a member of the city council. He is president of the Polk county fair board
and has served in that capacity since its organization in 1913. He belongs to the
Sons of the American Revolution and is a most patriotic and public-spirited American.

HISTORY OF OREGON 609

During the World war he rendered important and valuable service to the government
as county food and fuel administrator, as chairman of the Council of Defense, and was
also active in promoting all the local drives. Fraternally he is identified with the
Masons, having membership in Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Portland, and
for thirty years he has been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In
religious faith he is a Presbyterian, loyal to the teachings of the church. The activity
of Mr. Fuller in relation to the public welfare has been of wide scope and no man
has done more to further the interests and upbuilding of the community. The years
have chronicled his growing success and at all times his career has been such as
would bear the closest investigation and scrutiny. His ideals of life are high and he
utilizes every opportunity that enables him to climb to their level.

WILLIAM H. DRYER.

William H. Dryer, who for a quarter of a century was engaged in the commission
business in Portland, was recognized as a forceful and resourceful business man to
whom opportunities ever spelled action. He lived to the age of fifty-eight years and
his life of integrity and enterprise brought to him a measure of success that enabled
him to leave his family in comfortable circumstances.

Mr. Dryer was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in December, 1860, a son of Henry
and Catherine (Adelehr) Dryer, who were natives of Missouri. In that state William
H. Dryer was reared and, after acquiring a grammar school education, attended a
business college of St. Louis. The experiences of his life were broad and varied. He
went to Alaska during the gold rush, and there engaged in mining and general mer-
chandising for several years, usually spending the summer in the far north and re-
turning in the late fall, while in the following spring he would again make his way to
the northernmost territory governed by the United States. Later he concentrated his
efforts and attentions upon business affairs in Portland and for twenty-five years was
engaged in the commission business as a member of Dryer & Bollam, handling all
kinds of produce. The undertaking proved profitable and the patronage steadily in-
creased, bringing them substantial financial returns.

It was in 1908 that Mr. Dryer was married to Miss Mary Callahan, a daughter of
John and Barbara (Bassendorff) Callahan, the former a native of Ireland and the lat-
ter of Pennsylvania. They were married in the Keystone state and went to California
in 1855, coming to Oregon about 1880. They settled first at Scappose, where Mr. Calla-
han followed farming throughout the remainder of his active life. He passed away
September 5, 1920, at the advanced age of eighty-six years.

The death of Mr. Dryer occurred at Kansas City, Missouri, November 13, 1918,
and his remains were brought back to Portland for interment. He belonged to the
Woodmen of the World, gave his political allegiance to the republican party and was
a member of the Catholic church. His life brought to him many interesting and
varied experiences as he traveled from one section of the country to another and to the
Alaskan Peninsula, and wherever he went he won friends who received the news of
his demise with deep regret.

NOLAN L. SKIFF.

Nolan L. Skiff, receiver of public moneys in the United States land office at La
Grande, Union county, is a native of that town, born December 11, 1871, his parents
being Willis and Mary Skiff, the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of
Michigan. Willis Skiff came west in 1859, making the trip around Cape Horn, and
located in Seattle, Washington, where he operated a freight boat up and down the
coast. He later removed to Walla Walla, and then came to the Grand Ronde valley,
taking up a homestead, which he improved and upon which he settled. In 1870 he was
elected county surveyor and after serving several terms in this capacity he was elected
county clerk and removed to Union, the county seat. For four years he held the latter
office and then engaged in the lumber and flour industries until his death, which oc-
curred in 1886. Mrs. Skiff passed away in Union in 1887. Throughout his life Mr.
Skiff was a stanch democrat and a consistent member of the Presbyterian church. He
Vol. n— 39

610 HISTORY OF OREGON

had a large number of intimate personal friends and was greatly esteemed by all who
knew him.

The boyhood of Nolan L. Skiff was spent in Union, where he received his education
and later took a course in the Scranton, Pennsylvania, School of Mines. In 1896 he
went to Cornucopia, Oregon, where he followed mining and subsequently became fore-
man of the Queen of the West Mining Company and later for the Union Mining Com-
pany. In 1911 he removed to Halfway, where he engaged in the plumbing and hard-
ware business until he received his appointment as receiver of the United States land
office at La Grande, removing to that place. He received his appointment June 1,
1913. and was reappointed June 1, 1917, to serve until June 1, 1921.

In 1898 the marriage of Mr. Skiff and Miss Mary Leep, daughter of Selby and
Rose (Thornton) Leep, and a native of Missouri, was celebrated. Mrs. Skiff is well
known in the club and social circles of La Grande and her home is noted for its hos-
pitality.

The political allegiance of Mr. Skiff is given to the democratic party, in the inter-
ests of which he takes an active part and he is fraternally affiliated with the Odd Fel-
lows and the Elks, and in the latter order, in 1921, he was elected exalted ruler of
La Grande Lodge, No. 433. The success of Mr. Skiff has been gradual but continuous
and he is now recognized as one of the foremost citizens of his native state. He has
the record of one who has, by his upright life, won the confidence of all with whom he
has come into contact.

NORMAN L. SMITH.

Norman L. Smith is the owner of an excellent farm property at Gresham, on
which he settled in 1876. He has been a resident of Oregon for fifty-four years and
throughout this period has been an interested witness of the growth and progress of
the state. He has now passed the eighty-fourth milestone on life's journey, his birth
having occurred in Switzerland county, Indiana, on the 20th of June, 1836, his parents
being Joshua and Serisa Smith. He was but ten years of age when in 1846 his parents
removed with their family to Iowa, settling In Van Buren county, where Norman L.
Smith was reared to manhood on a farm, early becoming familiar with the best methods
of tilling the soil and caring for the crops and gaining an experience which proved of
great value to him in later life. His father died in 1855 and it was in 1866 that the
mother with the members of her family crossed the plains. In the meantime, however,
Norman L. Smith had responded to the country's call for aid at the time of. the Civil
war. On the 17th of July, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company H, Fifth Iowa
Infantry, and served with his command until mustered out at Burlington, Iowa. The
regiment was sent from Iowa to Missouri and remained on duty there until 1862. The
next order took the troops to Pittsburg Landing. Mr. Smith participated in the siege
of Corinth and served in Tennessee and Mississippi until August, 1862, at which time
he sustained a sunstroke. He was taken to the field hospital but was later removed
to the general hospital at Vernon and afterward to the hospital at Evansville, Indiana.
On account of disability he received an honorable discharge from the service in Janu-
ary, 1863, and returned to his home in Iowa. There he spent several months recuper-
ating and in May, 1864, he reenlisted, joining Company C, of the Forty-fifth Iowa
Infantry, with which he was on duty for a "hundred days. In order to get back into
service he had recruited twenty-five men and for that service was accepted as color
sergeant. He also served one hundred days in Memphis, Tennessee, and then returned
once more to Iowa. He has hanging in his home a personal card of thanks from
President Lincoln for that service.

After a brief residence in Iowa he started for the northwest in company with his
mother and the other members of the family. They crossed the plains in 1866, making
their' way to Portland, and for a time were also residents of Astoria. It was in 1885
that Mr. Smith took up his abode at Gresham and secured a homestead claim in Clatsop
county. At Gresham he purchased eighty acres of land which he at once began to
clear and soon brought under a high state of cultivation. Today his place embraces
ninety-five acres of excellent land, splendidly improved with good buildings. He has
always followed mixed farming and his labors have brought to him substantial re-
turns. He is now living retired, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits of his former
toil.

NORMAN L. SMITH

HISTORY OF OREGON 613

It was in 1865 that Mr. Smith was married to Miss Clara I. Huxley, a daughter of
Henry Huxley, and they have become the parents of six children: Percy, Bertrand,
Victor Hugo, Harry Roscoe, Laura and Daisy.

In his political views Mr. Smith has always been a stalwart republican since age
conferred upon him the right of franchise. He served for nine years as supervisor
of his district and for three years filled the position of school director. He belongs to
the Grand Army of the Republic and thus maintains pleasant relations with his old
military comrades, being identified with Sumner Post. He has ever been as true and
loyal to his country in days of peace as he was in times of war when he followed the
nation's starry banner on the battle fields of the south.

ALFRED C. P. BURKHARDT.

Alfred C. F. Burkhardt, who in 1882 became identified with the business Interests
of Portland as a florist and so continued until his demise a third of a century later,
was born near Lucerne, Switzerland, in 1858, a son of John Baptist and Maria (Mu
Lebach) Burkhardt, who were also natives of the land of the Alps, whence they came
to the United States in 1872, settling first in Tennessee, where they resided until 1880.
In that year they came to Oregon, taking up their abode in Portland, where they spent
their remaining days.

Alfred C. F. Burkhardt received his education in the schools of Switzerland to the
age of fourteen years, and then accompanied his parents to the new woild, where he
resumed his studies. He started out upon his business career in 1882 as a florist, in
partnership with his elder brother, Gustave, their place of business being at Twenty-
third and Glisan streets, and the business association was continued until 1905 when
they dissolved partnership. Mr. Burkhardt of this review then opened a florist estab-
lishment of his own, where he conducted business on his own account until his death
on July 28, 1915.

In 1897 Mr. Burkhardt was united in marriage to Miss Anna Wsrtenweiler, a
daughter of David and Anna Wartenweiler who were also natives of Switzerland.
Mrs. Burkhardt came to the United States in 1890, settling in the city which is still
her home. By her marriage she became the mother of six children: Lillian, Rosalie,
Marguerite, Hortense, Flora and Maieli.

Mr. Burkhardt was a member of the Artisans and gave his political support to
the republican party. His religious faith was that of the Methodist church and he
guided his lite according to its teachings, so that the sterling worth of his character
made him a man worthy of the highest respect.

OSWALD MAX HECTOR.

A native of the Golden West, Oswald Max Hector has been imbued with its pro-
gressive spirit and initiative. He is prominent in the mercantile circles of Klamath
Falls, where he is recognized as a most representative citizen and his store is one
of the substantial business interests of that place. Born in Sacramento, California,
on the 7th of October, 1882, he was a son of John Oswald Hector, a native of Germany
who came to the United States when thirteen years of age. The father came to this
country in order to avoid serving a military apprenticeship, a policy of his government
which he strongly opposed, and arriving in New York traveled straightway to Cali-
fornia, in which state he made his home. There he grew to manhood and having early
received his citizenship papers engaged in the hotel business in which he won promi-
nence. In Sacramento he met and married Mary Ellen Haley, a native of that state,
whose father, John Haley, was one of the old pioneers, having settled there in the
year 1849. Her mother was of old New England stock, she being a descendant of Irish
people who landed in New Bedford, Massachusetts, at an early day.

Oswald Max Hector was educated in the grade schools of his native town and later
entered Christian Brothers College, from which he graduated in 1899. After the com-
pletion of his studies he accepted a clerkship in a dry goods store and for the next
fifteen years took advantage of every opportunity to become familiar with the business.
In 1909 he located in Klamath Falls as the manager of the firm of J. F. Maguire &

614 HISTORY OF OREGON

Company and during his four years in that connection so clearly demonstrated his
ability along that line that at the termination of that time he determined to embark
in the business on his own account. The result of his decision was the purchasing
of the interests of the firm by which he was employed and he has since been active
in its conduct. Mr. Hector is classed with the highest grade merchants of the state and
as a buyer has few superiors. He is a firm believer that satisfied patrons are the best
advertisement and he has built up an extensive and lucrative patronage, because of
the quality and price of the stock. His store, located at 808 Main street, has a frontage
of fifty-six feet aind a depth of ninety feet and the windows are most artistically ar-
ranged. He carries a large stock but confines it to dry goods, draperies and women's
wear.

In June of the year 1904 Mr. Hector was united in marriage to Miss Winnie Lang-
ner, a member of an old Ohio pioneer family, and to them five children have been
born: Bernice Winnifred and Florence Ellen, both in high school; Oswald Milton and
Alysse Kallie, students at the Sisters Convent; and Claire Imelda. Mrs. Hector is a
model housewife and mother and takes a prominent part in the club and social affairs
of Klamath Palls.

Mr. Hector's sole' fraternal affiliation is with the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks and although he is a stanch republican he has never desired political preferment
as a reward for party fealty. The religious faith of the family is that of the Catholic
church. Mr. Hector has demonstrated his business ability and he stands as a stal-
wart champion for all those interests which make for the uplift of the individual and
the benefit of the community, his aid and influence being always on the side of right
and progress. He is an active member of the Chamber of Commerce and other busi-
ness organizations for the development of the community at large.

CYLTHIE JANE RAMSEY, D. O.

In the past few years women have come to the front as members of various profes-
sions and in the business world, and Tillamook City numbers among her prominent
women Dr. Cylthie Jane Ramsey. A native of Illinois, Dr. Ramsey was born in 1861,
a daughter of John and Susana f Dixon) Bradshaw, pioneers of that state. Mr. Brad-
shaw was a descendant of one of three brothers who came to America from England
immediately after the fall of Cromwell, with whom they were sympathizers, and their
descendants lived in Pennsylvania and Tennessee before moving to Illinois. Dr. Ram-
sey's grandfather on his way west passed through the now great metropolis of Chicago
when it was but a straggling village. After the marriage of John Bradshaw and
Susana Dixon the young couple removed to Kansas, becoming pioneers of that state.

Cylthie Jane Bradshaw received her education in the schools of Kansas and in
1879 was united in marriage to John Ramsey, a rising young attorney of Kansas and a
son of Dr. John Ramsey, a noted physician. He belonged to that branch of the
Ramsey family of which Sir Charles Ramsey a prominent man in Scotland, is a
member and the family is likewise one of high standing in America. In 1889
John Ramsey passed away and the only child born to them had died previously.
Although crushed by her loss, the young widow did not give up to grief but bravely
took up the struggle of life and determined to study a profession. Her education
had not been of the practical sort and she was unable to fill any position without train-
ing. She therefore entered the Pacific College of Osteopathy at Los Angeles, California,
the spirit of the pioneer thus showing in her choice of a profession and in her work
of giving relief, and was graduated from that institution in 1S99. The same year
she located in Oregon and took up the practice of her profession at Albany, where she
remained for a period of six years. She then removed to Portland, where after three
years' practice she, in 1904, took a postgraduate course at the American School of
Osteopathy and in 1916 also attended the Los Angeles College of Physicians & Sur-
geons for a short course. The following year she located in Tillamook City and she
has since practiced there, gaining a high reputation in her chosen calling.

Dr. Ramsey is a woman of marked intelligence and ability and although a regular
attendant at religious meetings has no church membership. She is a woman of deep
religious convictions, however, whose religion is one of service, seeing God as love and
kindness in the hearts of men. She leans strongly toward theosophy the avowed
objects of which society are: "(1) To form the nucleus of a Universal Brotherhood

HISTORY OF OREGON 615

without any distinction whatever. (2) To promote the study of ancient and modern
religions, philosophies, and sciences. (3) To investigate unexplained laws of nature
and the psychical powers of man." She is ever interested in any movement for the
development and improvement of the community and is a member of the Federation
of Women's Clubs and the Woman's Relief Corps. For many years she was an earnest
worker for social hygiene, believing that safety lies in a thorough knowledge of the
laws of lite and that the chief duty of the physician is to teach rather than to heal.
Professionally she ranks among the most talented practitioners of the state and has
membership in the State and National Osteopathic Associations.

MARVIN WILLITT SKIPWORTH.

Marvin Willitt Skipworth, a veteran of the World war and member of the Prine-
ville bar, is a member of one of Oregon's best known families. For many generations
the family has been represented in the three learned professions and have won wide-
spread prominence and success. His father, Eugene R. Skipworth, was one of the
best known lawyers in Oregon and practiced in Eugene for a number of years,
passing away in 1904, a most honored citizen. The mother of Mr. Skipworth was Annie
Willitt and she was a descendant of one of Oregon's old pioneer families who came
to this state in 1852. His paternal grandfather was a member of a distinguished pio-
neer family of Georgia and came to Oregon from Louisiana.

Marvin Willitt Skipworth is indebted to the schools of Eugene for his education
and in later life took up the study of law in the office of his uncle. Circuit Judge G. F.
Skipworth, and completed the study of law and began the practice in the office of
A. C. Woodcock in Eugene, who is one of Oregon's best known pioneer lawyers. He
was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1917 and soon afterward entered the military
service In the World war and was sent to Camp Lewis, Washington, where he was
assigned to office work and was promoted to sergeant. Immediately after his discharge
he joined the legal staff of the Seattle chapter of the Red Cross and there he remained
for eleven months, the last seven months of the time being in charge of the legal
department. In 1920 he went to Frineville and became associated with Senator Jay
H. Upton in the practice of law.

Mr. Skipworth is city attorney of PrinevlUe and a member of the American Legion
and adjutant of the Crook County Post and as a delegate represented his post at the
1921 state convention. He is also former chairman of the Red Cross for Crook county.
He has no fraternal affiliations. Mr. Skipworth is a young man of much ability, with
keen intellect and laudable ambition and before him lies a vast and unlimited future
and noteworthy success is assured him.

ALBERT THOMAS LAWRENCE.

Albert Thomas Lawrence is in every sense of the word a self-made man and his
career is an example to the youth of the state, for it clearly illustrates what can be
accomplished by a boy who has the character and will power to forge ahead in spite
of adverse circumstances. He was born in Benton county, Iowa, in 1870, a son of George
A. and Elizabeth (Clark) Lawrence, the former a native of Indiana and a descendant
of New England ancestors who established themselves in America before the Revolution.
The Clark family is likewise of pre-Revolutionary stock and Albert Thomas started out
in life with the red blood of worthy and honored American ancestors flowing through
his veins.

For many years the father of Albert Thomas Lawrence engaged in farming near
Paradise. Indiana, but died when his son Albert was but twelve years of age and the
burden of supporting the family fell upon his young and inexperienced shoulders. Man-
fully he assumed his responsibilities, and although all chance of his obtaining an edu-
cation was lost, he expressed his regret neither in word nor deed, and for two years
bent his energies toward the cultivation of the home farm. At the age of fourteen he
secured employment in a grocery store and served so faithfully and intelligently in this
position that two years later he was made store manager. He remained in that connec-
tion for eight years and then determined to go to Chicago, where his willingness and

616 HISTORY OP OREGON

ability to work would win him a better competence. He moved to that city and secured
a Job as porter in a clothing store, where he advanced rapidly, his devotion to his work
being recognized by the proprietor, who shortly put him in charge of the establishment.
For the next twenty-five years of his life he remained with that company, fifteen years
of that time being spent in Chicago and ten years in St. Paul and Minneapolis, where
he managed the branch houses of the concern. In 1912 he organized a colonizing com-
pany and purchased a tract of some three thousand acres In Douglas county, Oregon,
which was to be developed and sold in small tracts. This scheme fell through because
of the failure of the original investors to make good, but the tract, a beautiful site, is
In the possession of Mr. Lawrence and one of his New York friends. It is known as
Sunshine Ranch, and the original plan to devote the three thousand acres to the culture
of prunes and logan berries has not been abandoned. Mr. Lawrence owns Individually
a ranch of two hundred and fifty-four acres on Myrtle creek, on which he raises prunes
and small fruit and breeds black face Shropshire sheep. In 1920 he established a real
estate and insurance business in Roseburg and his spacious office on the ground floor at
125 Cass street has the appearance of a county fair, for the walls and ceiling are
decorated with samples of the products of the farms of Douglas county. He does a gen-
eral real estate business and represents the New Jersey Fire Insurance Company.

In 1910 occurred the marriage of Mr. Lawrence and Miss Edrls Olive Johnson, a
daughter of Ben Johnson, who is a pioneer farmer of Minnesota. Two children have
been born to their union: Olive Edris, and Albert T., Jr.

Mr. Lawrence has no fraternal affiliations and finds his pleasure In his family
circle. He is always ready to devote his time to the promotion of any movement he
deems necessary to the development and improvement of the community and is readily
conceded to be a representative citizen.

FRANK NAU.

Frank Nau, whose name long figured prominently in connection with the drug
trade of Portland and who stood as a high type of the enterprising and progressive
merchant who adhered closely to the highest standards of commercial activity, was
born in the state of New York in 1863 and was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Nau.
The mother died when he was but three years of age. The father, who was a real
estate dealer, accumulated a considerable fortune and gave to each of his sons a good
start in life.

Frank Nau spent his early boyhood and youth in New York, where he acquired
his preliminary education and later pursued his studies for a time in upper Wis-
consin, while afterward he attended the Chicago College of Pharmacy, from which
in due course of time he was graduated, thus qualifying for his active career in the
drug business. He afterward became manager of a drug store in Milwaukee, later had
charge of a second store in that city and subsequently went to New York city, where he
continued in the same line of business. About 1888 he sailed for San Francisco, mak-
ing the journey by way of Panama across the Isthmus, taking thirty days to make the
trip at that time. He arrived in San Francisco and after spending a short period in
that city continued his journey to Portland. Here he procured a position with the
Woodard-Clarke Drug Company, which was then located on Front street. The fol-
lowing year the erection of the Portland Hotel was begun and Mr. Nau decided to
open a drug store in the hotel. This he did and prospered in the undertaking. His
establishment soon won a liberal patronage and for many years he owned and con-
ducted one of the finest drug stores of the city. He removed after some time from
the Portland Hotel to Sixth and Alder streets, where he carried on a business of large
and gratifying proportions, always maintaining the highest standards in the conduct
of his store, in the personnel of the house and in the treatment accorded patrons.
It was Mr. Nau who introduced the plan of having an all-night or "we never close"
drug store and on the day of his funeral it was the first time that the doors of the
store had been locked for twenty-five years. The introduction of this innovation in
the drug trade was at first a losing undertaking, but he persevered, believing that
eventually it must win and in time the plan was crowned with success. On many
occasions he displayed initiative and enterprise that produced splendid results and
set a standard for activity among other druggists in the city.

In 1897 Mr. Nau was united in marriage to Miss Louise Burgess, a daughter of

HISTORY OF OREGON 617

Levi J. and Rebecca A. (Weller) Burgess, who were natives of Ohio. To Mr. and
Mrs. Nau were born a son and a daughter: Frank, who is now the manager of the
drug store left by his father; and Hermine, who is with her mother.

Mr. Nau was a member of the Masonic fraternity and also of the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks and was prominent in the leading clubs of the city. His political
support was given to the republican party. With his family he was motoring in
California in 1915 and had started upon a return trip to Portland when he became ill
at Red Bluff, California. From there he was brought by train to Portland but an
hour after his arrival he passed away in the Good Samaritan Hospital, his death
occurring August 29, 1915. He is remembered as one of the progressive and promi-
nent merchants of Portland and as one whose social qualities and admirable char-
acteristics gained for him the friendship and regard of all who knew him.

WILLIAM MacMASTER.

William MacMaster, financial agent, with offices in the United States National
Bank building in Portland, is an alert, enterprising and progressive business man
whose activities have been of a character that have contributed In substantial measure
to the development and upbuilding of the northwest along agricultural, stock raising
and manufacturing lines. Mr. MacMaster is a native of England. He was born in
Staffordshire on the 4th of February, 1858, a son of James and Anna (Heron) Mac-
Master, the former a farmer by occupation.

The eldest in a family of ten children, William MacMaster pursued his education
in the Kirkmaiden parish school in Wigtownshire, and in the Dollar Academy at
Clackmananshire, Scotland. After laying aside his textbooks he followed farming in
Scotland for a time and in 1881 came to the United States as a representative of the
Dundee Land Company of Dundee, Scotland, being at that time a young man of twen-
ty-three years. His ability and trustworthiness are indicated in the fact that the com-
pany appointed him manager of their ten thousand acre tract of land in northwestern
Iowa and so energetically did he apply himself to the task that at the expiration of
two years he had developed and stocked these lands and sold them. He subsequently
became assistant inspector for the Dundee Mortgage & Trust Investment Company,
Ltd., in which connection he traveled over the middle west, inspecting securities for
this corporation whose operations extend to all parts of the United States and Canada.

In 1883 Mr. MacMaster came to Portland as inspector for the local agency of the
Dundee Mortgage & Trust Company, Ltd., which position he filled until April, 1884,
when he became general inspector, serving in that capacity until 1890. In that year
he formed a partnership with A. H. Birrell and they engaged in the business of loaning
money on real estate security as representatives of the former companies merged
under the name of the Alliance Trust Company, Ltd., of Dundee, Scotland, also becom-
ing agents for other companies engaged in the same line of business. In 1902 they
dissolved partnership, Mr. MacMaster taking over the business, which he has since con-
ducted in his own name. Under his able management the undertaking has developed
rapidly until it is now one of the best known enterprises of the kind in the Pacific
northwest. He represents substantial and reliable companies which have been doing
business in Oregon since 1873 and have been potent factors in its development and up-
building. Many of the most successful projects in this section of the country along
agricultural, stock raising and manufacturing lines have been financed through the
aid extended by this outside capital, which Mr. MacMaster has always been able to
divert into profitable channels, both for the capitalists and the men who were de-
veloping this empire of boundless possibilities. He is a shrewd business man who has
demonstrated his ability to direct large interests and his labors have ever been of a
constructive character, contributing to progress and development along many lines
of endeavor.

In Edinburgh, Scotland, on the 1st of October, 1890, Mr. MacMaster was united in
marriage to Miss Annie Jeffrey Fender, a daughter of James and Katherine (Jeffrey)
Fender, the former a prominent wholesale merchant of that city. Three daughters have
been born of this marriage, namely: Katherine, who married Samuel T. Halsted, of
Riverside, California; Maisie, the wife of D. C. Oldenborg, of Kobe, Japan; and Ailsa,
the wife of R. M. Ireland, of Portland.

In religious faith Mr. MacMaster is an Episcopalian and his political allegiance is

618 HISTORY OF OREGON

given to the republican party. He has been prominent in public affairs of his city
and under Mayor Williams' administration served for two terms as a member of the
executive board. He was appointed dock commissioner by Mayor Simon but did not
qualify on account of his residence being outside of the city limits. He has great faith
in the future of this section of the country and is a prominent and active member of
the Portland Chamber of Commerce, of which he served for two years as president,
and was also a member of the board of directors, doing everything in his power to
promote the growth of the city and extend its trade interests. He is a member of the
St. Andrews Society of Oregon, of which he served as president for one year and is
also identified with the British Benevolent Society of Portland, acting as its chief
executive officer for two years. He is likewise connected with the Arlington Club and
the Waverly Country Club, serving for eight years as president of the .latter. During
the recent conflict with Germany he was active in the promotion of all Liberty loan
drives and other measures which had for their object the speedy termination of the
war, doing everything in his power to aid the government in its time of need. He
is a man of honorable purpose and high principles as well as of undaunted enterprise
and laudable ambition and in business and wherever known he commands the respect
and confidence of all with whom he is associated. His life has been one of intense
activity, intelligently directed into those channels through which flows the greatest
good to the greatest number and his efforts have brought him a measure of success
that is most desirable and have also proven of benefit to his fellowmen in many fields.

HON. MILTON S. WOODCOCK.

The name of Milton S. Woodcock is closely associated with the history of Benton
county and the development of that section. As president of the First National Bank
of Corvallis he occupies a prominent position among the financiers of the state, and
he has also gained distinction in professional circles, having engaged in the practice
of law since 1S75. His activities have been of a varied nature and as a cooperant
factor in many projects for the public good he has contributed in large measure to
the upbuilding and improvement of Corvallis and Benton county. He is one of the
builders of the northwest and the structure which he and his fellow citizens are rearing
is a credit and honor to them and to the community.

Mr. Woodcock is a worthy representative of an honored pioneer family of Oregon.
He was born near Greenfield, eight miles from the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, May
9, 1849, and is a son of Martin and Amanda J. (White) Woodcock, the former born in
Schoharie county. New York, July 20. 1824, and the latter also a native of the Empire
state. The paternal grandfather of Milton S. Woodcock was William Woodcock, who
removed from New York to Wisconsin, settling near Milwaukee during the pioneer
epoch in the development of that state. His son, Martin Woodcock, was a farmer by
occupation and in 1853 he crossed the plains to Oregon with ox teams, settling in Lane
county, where he took up a donation claim fourteen miles west of the present site of
Eugene. This Be cleared and developed, continuing its cultivation for about five years,
when he removed to Monroe, Benton county, Oregon, and there engaged in merchan-
dising in partnership with his younger brother. He also became interested in the
manufacture of wagons, his older brother being associated with him in that enter-
prise. Subsequently he took up his residence in the vicinity of Salem, Oregon, and
there spent his remaining years, passing away March 22, 1884, when fifty-nine years
of age. On the 2Sth of August, 1S48, he had wedded Amanda J. White, who survives
and is now a resident of Corvallis. They became the parents of three children, namely:
Milton S.; Eva L., who was born February 7, 1855, and is the widow of Leander J.
Stannus; and Mrs. Carrie L. Savage, who was born July 2, 1865.

The son, Milton S. Woodcock, was but four years of age at the time the family
removed to Oregon and his education was acquired in the schools of this state. In his
boyhood he was employed in his father's store, thus early becoming familiar with mer-
cantile methods, and in 1869 he began merchandising on his own account, opening a
store at Monroe, Benton county, which he continued to operate with a fair amount of
success until 1S74, when he sold and sought a broader field of labor at Corvallis. In
the meantime he had taken up the study of law under the direction of Colonel Kelsey
and in 1875 was admitted to the bar at Salem. He opened an office at Corvallis where
he has since been identified with the legal profession, although many other interests

HON. MILTON S. WOODCOCK

HISTORY OF OREGON 621

have claimed his attention. For a time he was engaged in the general hardware and
implement business as a member of the firm of Woodcock & Baldwin, an association
that was maintained for fourteen years. In 1887 he entered financial circles, estab-
lishing a private bank under the name of the Benton County Bank, which opened its
doors for business in June, 1887. Three years later, or in June, 1890, Mr. Woodcock
organized the First National Bank at Corvallis, which was capitalized for fifty thousand
dollars. From the beginning he has served as its president and under his wise guidance
and through the cooperation of his fellow officers the business of the bank has con-
tinued to increase until it has become recognized as one of the safe and substantial finan-
cial institutions of this part of the state. It is housed in one of the most modern bank
and ofiice buildings on the Pacific coast, which was erected in 1919, and it is supplied
with splendid equipment in the way of safety deposit vaults and other protection for
the benefit of depositors. The bank now has a capital and surplus of one hundred
thousand dollars and its resources are in excess of a million and a half dollars. Its
other officers are: B. E. Wilson and A. R. Woodcock, vice presidents; C. H. Wood-
cock, cashier; and P. A. Eckman, assistant cashier, all of whom are thoroughly reliable
and progressive business men of this section of the state. Mr. Woodcock was not yet
twenty when he embarked in the mercantile business, but, possessing keen insight
into business affairs and situations, he has been enabled to carry forward to successful
completion whatever he undertakes, and is a typical western man, wide-awake, alert
and enterprising. He also has extensive farming interests and valuable city property
and is continually broadening the scope of his activities with good results. He has
had broad experience in a business way and his energy and enterprise have carried
him forward to a substantial point on the highroad to success.

At Corvallis, Mr. Woodcock was united in marriage to Miss Emma J. Simpson, a
native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Rev. Anthony Simpson, who
was born in Manchester, England. On emigrating to the United States her father
became a resident of Philadelphia. He was a Presbyterian minister and served as a
chaplain in the Civil war, being sent to Virginia by the Young Men's Christian Asso-
ciation. In 1865, accompanied by his wife and four children, he started for Oregon
by the water route, going by way of the Isthmus of Panama. They sailed as passengers
on the steamer Golden Rule, which was wrecked in the Caribbean sea In June, 1865.
The ship sank but the passengers were all rescued and ten days later they were taken
by a United States man-of-war to Aspinwall and thence made their way to Panama,
where they took passage on the steamer America tor San Francisco, proceeding from
that point to Portland, Oregon, by boat. For some time the family resided in Albany,
Oregon, and then went to Olympia, Washington, where for two years the father was
pastor of the First Presbyterian church. In 1867 he removed to Corvallis, where for
aom.e time he continued his ministerial labors, and subsequently he took up his resi-
dence upon a farm in Benton county, which he operated in connection with preaching
the gospel. At a later period he returned to Philadelphia, where he passed away
shortly afterward. In early manhood he had wedded Helen Crawford, a native of
County Antrim, Ireland, and of Scotch-Irish lineage. Her demise occurred in Albany,
Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Woodcock have become the parents of three children, namely:
A. R., who is second vice president of the First National Bank of Corvallis; C. H.,
who is serving' as cashier of the bank; and E. M. The eldest of the children, A. R.
Woodcock, is a graduate of the Oregon Agricultural College and is an ornithologist of
note, being regarded as the most eminent authority in that science in the state of
Oregon.

Mr. Woodcock is an earnest republican in his political belief and exerts a wide
Influence in the councils of the party. In 1901 he was elected mayor of his city and
his services were highly satisfactory to the general public, for he advocated progress,
reform and improvement and sought by practical methods to attain the ends desired.
He is much interested in the educational progress of the state and is serving on the
board of regents of the Oregon Agricultural College, being a member of the building
committee. He is a prominent Mason, having attained the thirty-second degree in
the Scottish Rite. He was initiated into the order in Monroe Lodge, No. 49, and is
now connected with Corvallis Lodge, No. 14. He likewise belongs to Ferguson Chapter,
R. A. M., of Corvallis, of which he is past high priest;, is a member of Oregon Council
of Corvallis, of which he is a past officer; and is past grand master of the Grand Council
of Oregon. Among the offices which he has held in the Masonic order may be men-
tioned the following: In the Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of Oregon he was
elected grand captain of hosts, serving from June, 1909, until June, 1910; was grand

622 HISTORY OF OREGON

scribe from June, 1910, to June, 1911; grand king from June, 1911, to June, 1912;
grand deputy high priest from June, 1912, to June, 1913; grand high priest from June,
1913, to June, 1914. In the council he was invested with the degree of royal and select
master in May, 18S2, and the super excellent degree in February, 1883. In 1898 he
was elected thrice illustrious master of the Oregon Council of Royal & Select Masters
and in 1899 was elected thrice illustrious grand master of the Grand Council of Royal
& Select Masters of Oregon. He was the organizer of the Eastern Star lodge in Cor-
vallis and served as its first worthy patron. For the past fifteen years he has been
a member of the building committee of the Masonic building at Portland and he is
also identified with the Oregon Pioneers Association and the American Bankers Asso-
ciation. From pioneer times Mr. Woodcock has resided within the borders of Oregon,
and his career has ever been such as has reflected credit and honor upon the state.
Well descended and well bred, his life record has been marked by constant progress,
resulting ever from the attainment of his objective in the business world. His ambi-
tions and his ideals are high and his progressive spirit unfaltering. His activities
have ever been of a character that have contributed to public progress and prosperity
as well as to individual success, and he is actuated in all that he does by a public-
spirited devotion to the general good.

DAVID ROBINSON, M. D.

Dr. David Robinson of Tillamook City is classed among the representative mem-
bers of the medical profession in Oregon. A native of Ireland, he was born at Drum-
dollagh in the northern part of that country in 1874. His parents were David and
Mary Jane (Christy) Robinson and the father was a well-to-do leather merchant.

In the acquirement of an education Dr. David Robinson attended the schools
of his native country. Having early in life determined to enter the medical profession,
he came to the new world in 1892 because of better facilities for study offered in this
country and because it was his purpose to make his own way in the world. In his
native land such a course was not to be considered by one of his station in life. Land-
ing in New York he worked on a farm in Orange county, New York, and then entered
the high school of Montgomery, that state, where he completed the regular course in a
year and a half, earning his own way, and subsequently for three years he taught
school, saving sufl5cient funds during that time to enable him to enter Brown Uni-
versity In 1897. Every moment of his spare time was spent in work or study and in
1901 he graduated from that institution with the degree of A. B. He then enrolled in
the medical department of Harvard University and in due time was awarded his M. D.
degree. Following his graduation in 1906 he served for one year in the Long Island
Hospital and immediately thereafter came to Oregon, being for ten years active in
the practice of his profession at Mosier, Wasco county. In 1916 he removed to Tilla-
mook City and has since practiced there. He has won the confidence and love of all
with whom he has come in contact, for he is one of those quiet men, devoted to his
profession. There is nothing of the pompous domineering physician about Dr. Rob-
inson and one cannot fail to observe the confident force which characterizes his pro-
fessional activities.

At Mosier, Oregon, in 1907, occurred the marriage of Dr. Robinson to Miss Dollie
C. Mosier, whose father, Jonah Mosier. was one of Oregon's foremost pioneers. The
town of Mosier was built upon his original donation claim and named in his honor
as a lasting tribute to his share in building up the state. Mrs. Robinson still owns
an orchard of eighty acres, a part of her father's original claim of eight thousand
and sixty-eight acres, as well as the home in which she was born.

Fraternally Dr. Robinson is identified with the Knights of Pythias and he is like-
wise an Odd Fellow, being past grand of that organization. In the line of his pro-
fession he has membership in the Tillamook Medical Society, being its secretary, the
Oregon State Medical Association, and he is a fellow of the American Medical Associa-
tion. Dr. Robinson takes but little active interest in political affairs but his popu-
larity won for him the office of mayor of Mosier, being the first to fill that position.
Mrs. Robinson is a woman of culture and refinement. She is prominent in club and
social circles of the city, belonging to organizations of the highest order. Doctor
Robinson is a man of broad sympathies and the poor and needy have found in him a
friend. Strong in his individuality, he never lacks the courage of his convictions, but

HISTORY OF OREGON 623

there are as dominating elements in his character a lively human sympathy and an
abiding charity, which, as taken in connection with his sterling integrity and honor,
have naturally gained for him the respect and confidence of men.

ARTHUR CHAMPLIN SPENCER.

Arthur Champlin Spencer, general attorney for the Oregon-Washington Railroad
& Navigation Company and a member of the Portland bar since June, 1895, is a native
son of New England, his birth having occurred at Suffield. Connecticut, on the 17th of
October, 1872. He pursued a public school education at Deep River, Connecticut, while
spending his youthful days in the home of his parents, George Francis and Martha
(Champlin) Spencer, and when he had completed the high school course was gradu-
ated with the class of June, 1889. He next entered the Connecticut Literary Institu-
tion at Suffield and later studied in the Vermont Academy at Saxton's River, Vermont,
where he completed his studies in June, 1S91.

Mr. Spencer initiated his business career as clerk in a general store at Deep River
and after a period of preliminary experience of this character was appointed to a
clerical position in the Deep River National Bank. His identification with the west
dates from 1893, and having determined upon the practice of law as a life work, he
thoroughly prepared for the bar, pursuing his studies In the University of Oregon until
admitted to practice in the courts of the state in June, 1895. He then opened a law
office in Portland, where he has since remained, and the thoroughness with which
he qualified for his profession and his laudable ambition have both been manifest in
the success which has since attended his efforts. His clientage has been extensive
and he has conducted much important litigation before the courts of the district and
of the state.

He filled the office of deputy district attorney for the fourth judicial district of
Oregon from 1900 to 1904 when he was appointed an attorney for the Oregon Railroad
& Navigation Company, which he has since represented in a legal capacity. He has
been advanced until he is now general attorney for the company and during the
period of Federal control of railroads was general solicitor of Oregon-Washington
Railroad & Navigation Lines, the Southern Pacific Lines North of Ashland, the North-
ern Pacific Terminal of Oregon, the San Francisco & Portland Steamship Lines and
the Pacific Coast Railroad. He is counsel and one of the directors of the Hibernia
Commercial & Savings Bank of Portland.

On the 15th of June, 1898. in Portland, Mr. Spencer wedded Miss Margaret Fenton,
a daughter of James D. and Margaret A. Fenton. They have become parents of two
sons and a daughter: George Fenton, Arthur Champlin, and Margaret. Mr. Spencer
belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his political allegiance is given
to the republican party. He is also connected with the Arlington Club, the Press Club,
and other social and civic organizations. He affiliates with the First Presbyterian
church of the city and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. In the chosen calling
for which he prepared in young manhood he has made for himself a creditable name
and place, being regarded today as an expert on his knowledge of railroad and cor-
porate law.

HUGH GLENN.

There are few men who have contributed so largely and beneficially to the
development of the Pacific coast as has Hugh Glenn of The Dalles. He was born in
Amherst Island, Ontario, Canada, in 1841. His father, Samuel Glenn, was a farmer
well known in the northern part of the Empire state. The son was educated in the
graded schools of New York and as a boy entered a machine shop in Albany to learn
the trade but soon concluded that he had no taste for that line of work and in 1860
decided to try his fortune in the west. Accordingly he made his way to the Pacific
coast, arriving in San Francisco in the fall of that year. His first effort was in con-
nection with a pack train and later, by the toss of a coin, he took up mining on the
Fraser river, where in three years his efforts netted him fifty-two thousand dollars.
Assuming that he was on the road to notable success he mined for a while at Canyon

624 HISTORY OP OREGON

City and then entered into certain lines of speculation that depleted his fortune.
Accordingly it was necessary that he start anew and this he did in Portland. Having
learned the carpenter's trade, he took up the business of contracting and building and
again made good. Many of the substantial structures in East Portland were erected
by him. He also engaged in the mercantile business and again he prospered in his
undertakings but once more suffered severe losses by going on the bond of a friend.

In 1876 Mr. Glenn arrived at The Dalles, where he has remained. His first busi-
ness venture at this place was as a contractor and one of his first contracts was for
the building of twenty-one miles of the Portland and Astoria Railroad Line. He was
also president of The Dalles, Portland & Astoria Steamboat Company, which owned
and operated what was known as the Regulator Line of boats. Later he organized the
firm of H. Glenn & Company, which is still in existence and which conducts one of the
most important business enterprises of the city. They deal in paints, oils, glass
and building material of every description and have a handsome storeroom on Wash-
ington street, which is filled with a large and varied stock. The firm maintains ware-
houses with side tracks and is prepared to meet the wants of a city of a population
of fifty thousand. Mr. Glenn has now retired from the active management of the
business, which he leaves in the capable hands of his partner, Joseph E. Leroux, who Is
conceded to be one of the most progressive, alert and enterprising young business
men of central Oregon.

In 1872 Mr. Glenn was married to Miss Hattie J. Severson, daughter of Abraham
Severson of Binghamton, New York. They were the first couple to have a church
wedding in the Methodist church of East Portland. Mrs. Glenn Is the niece of the
well known Oregon philanthropist, P. W. Severson, whose many and extensive benefac-
tions have greatly endeared him to the people of the state. Among his gifts may be
mentioned that of one hundred thousand dollars to the Willamette University, fifty
thousand dollars to the Young Men's Christian Association, an equal amount to the
Young Women's Christian Association and twenty-five thousand dollars to the Hills-
boro Academy. Mr. Glenn is the executor of his estate and on his own account has
endowed the Boys' Home and the Baby Home with five thousand dollars each. No
civic enterprise that has for its object the good of The Dalles, of Wasco county or of
the state at large seeks the aid of Hugh Glenn in vain. He does not wait to be solicited
for his subscription but gives cheerfully and voluntarily of his time and money to
every cause that he believes will prove of benefit to the state.

Mr. and Mrs. Glenn have two children living, Mrs. Bertha E. Heroux and Mrs.
Grace G. Crighton, both of The Dalles. Mr. Glenn has been a Mason for more than a
half century and was the first Elk in this section of the country, becoming a charter
member of Portland Lodge, No. 142. He is interested in all civic measures and to save
to the people of The Dalles the large plant of the King Products Company he came
forward and gave his share of the hundred and fifty thousand dollars needed to finance
that corporation. He is a man of broad vision who readily sees beyond the exigencies
of the moment to the opportunities of the future, and his labors have been a most
potent force in the upbuilding and development of his state. Notwithstanding that
he has met losses and reverses at times in his business career, he has persistently put
forth effort along lines leading to success, and prosperity in large measure has come
to him as the reward of his persistency of purpose, his indefatigable energy and his
Irreproachable integrity. But it is the use that he has made of his prosperity that
has so endeared Hugh Glenn to his fellow citizens of city and state, who recognize
his public spirit and have benefited by his generosity.

ANDREW OLSEN.

For twenty-six years Andrew Olsen has been associated with the Union Fishermen's
Cooperative Packing Company, serving as a member of its board of directors for
twenty years and as its president since 1914. He is a native of Norway where he
was born in 1869, a son of Ole Olsen.

Andrew Olsen was reared upon the farm of his father in Norway, and there re-
ceived a good education. Eager to take advantage of the opportunities offered in
the new world, he came to Portland in 1890, where he remained but a short time when
he removed to Astoria and engaged in the fishing business. In 1895 he assisted In
the organization of the Union Fishermen's Cooperative Packing Company and has been

ANDREW OLSEX

HISTORY OF OREGON 627

associated with that enterprise ever since. Since 1914 he has been president of the
company and for twenty years has been a member of its board of directors. When
this company was established a quarter of a century ago it had a capital of eighteen
thousand dollars, and the business has grown to such extensive proportions that it is
now a half million dollar corporation, although the capital stock has been held down
with all increases to the original amount. This packing company is one of the largest
salmon packing plants on the lower Columbia river, having a capacity of three thou-
sand cases per day, and many men find employment in its various departments. It
has in constant use five hundred boats, each requiring the services of one or two men,
an operation that clearly indicates the magnitude of the plant. The company owns
one thousand feet of water frontage property on Taylor avenue, upon which stands
the mammoth cannery. It also has five hundred feet at Smith's Point, three hundred
feet in Alderbrook, three hundred feet at Thirtieth and Thirty-first streets, and addi-
tional property interests at Wallis Island, Puget Island, Catlamet, Wheeler, where
they have a cannery, and Aberdeen, Washington, where there is also a cannery. The
main cannery at Astoria is modern and up-to-date in every way, and is one of the
most important business interests of that city. Some of the leading brands of Col-
umbia river salmon are products of this cannery, they being widely known as the
Co-operative and Gill Net brands, the Anchor and Oceanic.

On the 24th of September, 1895, occurred the marriage of Mr. Olsen and Miss
Bertina Sverson and to them has been born one son, Arthur B., who is now associated
•with the fish commission. This young man served during the World war in the Sixty-
third Infantry and was one of the first men to enter the service of his country.

Politically Mr. Olsen is a stanch supporter of the democratic party, in the activities
of which he takes an active interest, although he has neither sought nor desired office.
The religious faith of the members of the family is that of the Lutheran church and
they take a prominent part in the affairs of that organization. As president of one
of the most important business interests of Astoria, Mr. Olsen is naturally interested
in the civic affairs of the city, and his support may always be counted upon in the
furthering of any movement for the development and improvement of the community.
He has taken advantage of the opportunities offered him and has risen to his present
position solely through his own industry, courage and grim determination. He is
readily conceded to be a representative business man of Astoria and an exemplary
citizen.

ALBERT R. HUNTER.

Albert R. Hunter, stock man and rancher near La Grande, Union county, was l)()ru
on his present ranch. May 10, 1873, a son of William G. and Liza W. (Mitchell) Hun-
ter, the former born near Peoria, Illinois, while the latter was born near Lexington,
Kentucky. The father came west with his parents in 1864, by way of Ihe Oregon
Trail, locating near La Grande, Grand Ronde valley. There the father of William
G. Hunter took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, now n part of his
son's ranch, which he improved and upon which he built a substantial log house. He
added to this land from time to time until he had three thousand acres, which lie
operated with great success until 1904, when he removed to Island City and relired.
His death occurred there in 1907, at the age of sixty-two years. During liis life he was
a stanch democrat, had served as a member of the state board of equalization for I wo
terms and had run for the legislature but was defeated. He was a county commis-
sioner for a number of years and was one of the men to build the Morgan Lake Electric
Light Company plant. He was also one of the main factors in the erection of a sugar
factory at La Grande. Mr. Hunter took an intelligent and active interest in any
movement he deemed valuable to the development and improvement of the community
and he was a booster of the city in every respect. Mr. and Mrs. Hunter were married
in La Grande in 1870, Mrs. Hunter having come west with her parents in 1864 and
locating in the Grand Ronde valley, near La Grande. Her father took up a homestead
of one hundred and sixty acres, which he improved and enlarged until he had six
hundred and forty acres of highly cultivated farm land. Both the father and mother
of Mrs. Hunter passed away on this farm, the demise of the father occurring in 1900
and Mrs. Hunter passed away in 1903. Her father was a democrat and a Presbyterian
and was a representative citizen of his community.

628 HISTORY OF OREGON

The boyhood of Albert R. Hunter was spent on the old farm and he received his
education In the country schools and later attended the old Bishop Scott Military
Academy of Portland. After putting his textbook aside he accepted a position in Island
City with the Island City Mercantile and Milling Company of that place, serving as
secretary of that firm for a period of twenty years. Three years of this time was spent
in Wallowa county, but he returned to Island City in 1904. In 1910 he resigned his
position with the firm, returned to the old home ranch in the Grand Ronde valley
and there engaged in farming and stock raising. He first specialized in fine breeds
of cattle and hogs but he is now particularly interested in Percheron horses. In 1918
Mr. Hunter was elected to the legislature and again in 1920.

In 1896 occurred the marriage of Mr. Hunter and Miss Margaret Barnes, a daugh-
ter of Dr. E. W. and Georgia (Mason) Barnes, and a native of California. To this
union two children have been born: Nita D., who is now the wife of G. L. Dutton of
Tacoma. Washington; and Allen R., who is a student in the Agricultural College at
Corvallis, Oregon.

As was his father before him, Mr. Hunter is a stanch democrat and his fraternal
affiliations are with the Elks, Masons, and Odd Fellows. In financial circles he is
prominent as a director of the La Grande National Bank and he is also a director of
the Island City Mercantile & Milling Company, the Young Men's Christian Association,
and the Country Club, and he is a member of the farm bureau, which he is now serv-
ing as president. In every undertaking Mr. Hunter has achieved a gratifying amount
of success. He is a prominent, progressive and successful man and his prosperity is
founded on his industry, integrity, and broad intelligence.

REV. EDWIN S. OLSEN.

Rev. Edwin S. Olsen, prior and pastor of the Holy Rosary church of Portland, was
born in San Francisco, Caliornia, in 1880, his parents being Gustave and Ellen (For-
tune) Olsen, the former a native of Norway, while the latter was born in Ireland. He
obtained his early education in the public schools of his native city and in the House
of Studies conducted by the Dominican order at Benicia, California. He later studied
in St. Joseph's at Somerset, Ohio, also in the Immaculate Conception College and the
Catholic University of Washington. He was ordained to the priesthood at Somerset,
Ohio, and then took charge of the Dominican novitiate at Benicia, California, there
teaching the classics, theology and philosophy for a period of four years. On the
expiration of that time he was made prior and pastor of St. Dominic's church at
Benicia, where he labored for three years. On the 15th of May, 1915, he came to
Portland as prior and pastor of the Holy Rosary church, conducted by the Dominican
fathers and has since continued in charge in this city. He manifests consecrated zeal
and devotion to the cause and is doing most effective work in promoting the interests
of the Catholic religion in this city.

ALBY WILLIAM RUGG.

For many years Alhy William Rugg, who is now living retired in Pendleton,
Umatilla county, was prominent in the ranching circles of the county. He is, like
many other of Oregon's most successful and representative men, a native of another
state, his birth having occurred in northern Wisconsin on the 11th of February, 1869,
a son of Alfred and Esther (Griggs) Rugg, the former a native of Heath, Massachu-
setts, and the latter of Colton, New York. The boyhood of Alfred Rugg was spent in
Massachusetts, and there he received his education. In later life he went to Lake
Geneva, Wisconsin, where he was married and he operated land in the northern part of
that state for a number of years. He likewise worked in some of the lumber camps
of that section of the country but later removed to Kansas, settling in Jackson county,
and spent the following three years in farming. In Phillips county, that state, he took
up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres, whereon he built a log house and
there resided for nine years. While living there he also took up a timber claim which
he was successful in putting into cultivation. In 1883 Alfred Rugg came to Oregon
and settled in Douglas county, where he purchased some timber land in connection

HISTORY OF OREGON 629

with his brother-in-law, John Griggs, later selling his share to Mr. Griggs and removing
to Umatilla county, near Pilot Rock. There his sons, Alby William, Emory A., G. W.,
and Earl took up land and he bought railroad land. He was successful in the cul-
tivation of this property and he built a frame house on it and there remained until
1900, when he went to Pendleton and retired. There he and his wife reside at the
respective ages of eighty-nine and eighty-two years, and they are readily conceded rep-
resentative citizens of the community. Mr. Rugg is a member of the republican party
and both he and his wife are active in the affairs of the Methodist Episcopal church,
of which they are consistent members.

Alby William Rugg spent his boyhood in Kansas and Douglas county, Oregon,
coming to Umatilla county at the age of sixteen years. In this county he engaged In
the sheep and cattle business, in partnership with his brother, G. W., and they also
operated a threshing outfit. They continued in the sheep business for twenty-seven
years or until 1914, and in this partnership until 1917 when he continued in the cattle
business on his own account. He owns a ranch of twenty-three hundred acres near
Pilot Rock and is also in possession of two hundred and forty acres of irrigated land
near Echo which he operates. He was very successful in his ranching interests and
as the result of his diligence and ability is now well-to-do. He maintains the family
home in Pendleton, where he has built a fine residence on Jackson street.

On the 6th of January, 1906, Mr. Rugg was united in marriage to Miss Elma
Benson, a daughter of Thomas C. and Sarah (Robbins) Benson, and a native of Uma-
tilla county, born near Pilot Rock. Her father was born in Missouri and her mother
in Clackamas county, Oregon. When a small boy Thomas C. Benson came to Oregon
with his parents and located at The Meadows near Foster now Stanfield. Umatilla
county was then but sparsely populated, Umatilla being the only town in that vicinity.
He then engaged in the stock business and in freighting from Umatilla to the granite
mines in Grant county. He operated land in the neighborhood of Foster and in 1888
removed to Portland, where he was engaged in buying cattle for the old Union Meat
Company. When the government canal was being built he conducted a dairy farm
and also a meat shop at the Cascade Locks and after its completion resumed his
position with the Union Meat Company. Establishing a commission business under
the name of the Benson Commission Company at Portland, he became president of
the organization, and is still active in the duties of that office. To the union of Mr.
and Mrs. Rugg two children have been born: Raymond and Helen.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Rugg the right of franchise he has been active in his
support of the republican party and he is a firm believer in the principles of that party
as factors in good government. His religious faith is that of the Methodist Episcopal
church and he is not affiliated with any fraternal organizations. Mr. Rugg is prominent
in the financial circles of Pendleton as director of the Inland Empire Bank. He takes
an active part in all movements calculated to uplift and benefit his community, where
he has long been considered one of the leading and influential citizens.

PHILIP BUEHNER.

Philip Buehner, president of the Buehner Lumber Company and otherwise iden-
tified with the lumber interests of the northwest, was born in Arenzville, Illinois,
June 3, 1858, and has been a resident of Portland since 1S87, making this city his
business headquarters throughout the intervening period. His father, George J.
Buehner, was born in Germany in 1824 and came to the United States in 1848, when
a young man of twenty-four years, settling first in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he married
Margaret Young. In 1857 he removed to Illinois and in that state devoted his life
to the work of the Methodist ministry until his death, which occurred in 1907, while
his wife passed away in the same year.

Philip Buehner attended different schools as the family removed from place to
place, according to the itinerant methods of the Methodist ministry of that period.
He was graduated in 1879 from the Washington University of St. Louis with the
degree of Mechanical Engineer and became connected with the northwest in 1884,
when he made his way to Spokane, Washington, though residing until 1SS7 at St.
Paul, Minnesota, when he removed to Oregon, where he has since continued. In the
intervening period, covering a third of a century, he has become closely and promi-
nently connected with the development of the lumber industry and is now president

630 HISTORY OF OREGON

of the Buehner Lumber Company and a director in the Eastern & Western Lumber
Company. He is thoroughly acquainted with the trade and with lumber conditions
in his section and has developed his business along constructive lines, carefully
systematizing his interests and displaying initiative and enterprise in the conduct
of his affairs.

In St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1883, Mr. Buehner was united in marriage to Miss
Martha M. Habighorst and to them have been born four children: Margarita C.,
who became the wife of George R. Sailor, died in 1917, leaving two sons, George R.
and Charles; Meta Martha is the wife of Robert P. Noble of New York city; Henry P.,
born in 1S89, married Myrtle Brix and they have two children, Philip and Patricia
Ann; Lillian Ruth is the wife of Charles Thornton Ladd, a son of William Ladd,
a prominent banker and business man of Portland, and they have two daughters,
Martha and Meta.

The religious faith of the family is that of the Methodist Episcopal church. His
political allegiance is given to the republican party and he is keenly interested in
all that pertains to local advancement and general progress. He belongs to the
Chamber of Commerce and is a member of the Arlington Club. During the World
war he assisted largely in the bond and Young Men's Christian Association drives and
did active work in connection with the Spruce Division. His life throughout the entire
period of his manhood has been one of usefulness and activity, actuated by honorable
purposes and crowned by substantial results.

REV. TELESPHORE BROUILLETTE.

Rev. Telesphore Brouillette, who for many years devoted his life to the Pres-
byterian ministry but is now living retired, was born in the parish of St. Cyprian,
Quebec, December 10, 1842, and is a son of Landry and Emilie (Fortin) Brouillette.
He comes of a family noted for loyalty, valor and patriotism in times of war as well
as in days of peace. His grandfather, De Barnard Brouillette, served in the French
rebellion in Canada in 1837. The father was also a soldier of the French rebellion,
and after crossing the border into the United States and becoming a resident of
Kankakee county, Illinois, he there enlisted for service in the Union army in the
Civil war.

Telesphore Brouillette was at one time the agent of the Nova Scotia government
in establishing a large French colony in that country. He became a resident of
Kankakee, Illinois, however, at an early age and was there residing when the serious
trouble between the north and the south arose over the question of the states' surrender.
Peeling that the Union cause was just he enlisted on the 15th of October, 1861, in
Kankakee county, to serve for three years, or during the war, and was mustered into
the United States army at Chicago, Illinois, January 19, 1862, a private of Captain
John P. Harvey's Company which was later commanded by Captain Cephas Strong
and was known as Company E of the Twelfth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Cavalry.
The first commander of the regiment was Colonel Arno Voss, who afterward was suc-
ceeded by Colonel Hasbrouck Davis. The regiment was organized at Camp Butler,
Springfield, Illinois, in February, 1862, and remained there guarding rebel prisoners
until the 25th of June, when it was ordered to Martinsburg, Virginia. Its first meet-
ing with the enemy was when Colonel Davis and his men were scouting the country
on the Martinsburg and Winchester pike and met the Confederate forces in far superior
numbers at Bunker Hill, September 5, 1862, but completely routed them, driving them
back several miles. On the 7th of September the Confederates, having been reinforced,
attacked the Twelfth Cavalry at Martinsburg but were again put to flight and pursued
beyond Winchester. The regiment moved to Harpers Ferry, Virginia, and thence to
Sharpsburg, Virginia, where It joined General McClellan's forces and was assigned to
Averill's Brigade. The Twelfth Cavalry performed picket duty at Williamsport and
Dam No. 4 on the Potomac and afterward escorted Sigel's army from Warrenton to
Fredericksburg. Following the battle there the Twelfth Cavalry was sent to Manassas
to watch the movements of Lee and Stuart. The regiment was conspicuous for its
bravery in the celebrated Stoneman raid, bearing a gallant part in engagements at
South Anna Bridge and Ashland, Virginia. It was later assigned to the First Brigade,
First Division, Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac, and participated in the
battles of Beverly Ford, or Brandy Station, Virginia, also at Carlisle and Gettysburg,

REV. TELESPHORE BROUILLETTE

HISTOKY OF OREGON 633

Williamsport and Falling Water, Maryland, at Stevensburg and Culpeper, Virginia.
Following the last named engagement the regiment was ordered home to reorganize
as a veteran regiment, which distinguished privilege was awarded by the secretary
of war in recognition of its brilliant service in the field. Early in March, 1864, it was
transferred to General Bank's Corps and took part in the Red River expedition and
engagements at Bayou Rapids, Bayou Lafourche, Marksville and Liberty, Louisiana.
The Twelfth Illinois Cavalry was also a part of General Davidson's expedition against
Mobile, Alabama, after which it was engaged in scouting and on guard and escort duty
until mustered out at Houston, Texas, May 29, 1866, the men receiving their final
discharge at Springfield, Illinois, on the 18th of June of that year. Mr. Brouillette had
been with his command in all of the engagements in which it had participated and
had been promoted to corporal and sergeant. In the three days' cavalry fight at the
Rapidan retreat, while in a charge on the enemy's artillery, he was wounded in the
left hand by a piece of shell which passed through his hand. He was also struck in
the right eye by the flying debris and was carried in an ambulance for a few days
until able to resume duty and while he was at the front he had many other narrow
escapes, tour horses being killed from under him. He bore a gallant part in all the
engagements of his battalion and rendered faithful and meritorious service to his
country. He received an honorable discharge at Memphis, Tennessee, Fehruary 28,
1S65, by reason of the expiration of his term of service. He was offered a commission
which was Issued to him as captain in the United States Veteran Volunteer Infantry,
Hancock's Corps, but declined.

It was after his service in the Union army that Rev. Mr. Brouillette entered McGill
University at Montreal, Canada, and studied for the ministry. He was graduated in
1874 and the same year was ordained as a minister of the Presbyterian church.

It was on the 14th of August of the same year that Mr. Brouillette was united
in marriage to Miss Ida M. Raymond in the province of New Brunswick, Canada, and
they became the parents of thirteen children, eight of whom are living: Millie, Jessie,
Sadie, Selina, Minerva, Carrie, Susie and Rex. The family came to the northwest in
1880 and (or a long period Mr. Brouillette devoted his life to the active work of the
ministry but is now living retired. He is a member of Ben Butler Post, No. 57, G. A. R.,
and was commander of Phil Kearney Post, No. 7, of the Department of Washington,
for one term, while in the order he has filled a number of minor offices. He also held
the position of acting assistant adjutant general and was for one term a member of the
council of administration of the Department of Oregon. He was chaplain of the De-
partment of 'Washington and aide-de-camp to the department commander of Wash-
ington. He has at times been active as an official in public office, serving as superin-
tendent of schools of Lewis county, Washington, and was acting mayor of Newberg
for four years. He served for several years as justice of the peace of Newberg and
ever discharged his duties with marked capability and fairness. His wife is an
active and honored member of Ben Butler Corps, No. 28, W. R. C. Both Mr. and Mrs.
Brouillette are widely and favorably known in Portland, where they exert a beneficent
influence in connection with the intellectual and moral progress of the community.

LESTER WARREN HUMPHREYS.

For many decades America thrilled with the story of the bravery and the loyalty
of the "Boys in Blue." Then came another momentous period in which the country
needed the aid of her patriotic sons and there was immediate response and a new
glory chapter was written in American annals. Aside from the valor displayed by
the khaki-clad troops who marched to the defense of democracy in Europe, the out-
standing characteristic is perhaps the modesty with which these men have told the
tale of their deeds overseas. The war records, however, speak graphically although
concisely of what has been done, and that Major Lester Warren Humphreys has re-
ceived the Belgian Croix de Guerre tells the story of his military service. In private
life he is a well known Portland lawyer, now serving as United States district
attorney. He was born in Brookville, Pennsylvania, May 20, 1883, and is a son of
Thomas N. Humphreys and a grandson of John A. Humphreys, both of whom followed
the occupation of milling. The grandfather was a soldier of the Civil war, serving
with the rank of first lieutenant in the One Hundred and Third i'ennsylvanta Vol-
unteer Infantry until 1864, and for nine months of that period was in Anderson-

634 HISTORY OF OREGON

ville prison. The father, Thomas N. Humphreys, was born in Pennsylvania in 1859
and was married in that state to Miss Margaret E. Yost, whose birth also occurred
in that commonwealth. She passed away in Oregon in 1S98, while Mr. Humphreys
is now living in Ashland, Oregon, having come with his family to this state in Septem-
ber, 1885.

Major Humphreys at the time of the removal to the northwest was but two
years of age. He attended the country and town schools, pursuing his studies
in the public schools of Salem and of Foster and also at Myrtle Creek, Oregon. Later
he became a pupil in the Oregon Agricultural College, and with a desire to become
a member of the bar, entered the law department of Oregon State University in
Portland, from which he was graduated with the class of 190S. The same year he
was admitted to practice in the courts of this state and has since been an active rep-
resentative of the profession in Portland save for the period of his service in the
World war. In his chosen calling he has made steady progress as the result of the
thoroughness and care with which he prepares his cases and the precision with which
he presents the evidence before court or jury. He is now filling the office of United
States district attorney, his record reflecting credit upon his selection for this position.

With America's advent into the World war Mr. Humphreys joined the army.
In April, 1917, he was commissioned by President Wilson as first lieutenant of the
Infantry Reserve Corps and in May of that year entered the officers' training camp
at the Presidio in San Francisco. In August he was promoted to a captaincy and in
October, 1918, was advanced to the rank of major. In June, 1918, he went overseas
with the Ninety-first Division. He attended the First Corps School, commanded Com-
pany M, Three Hundred and Sixty-fourth Infantry, and went into the Argonne as
operations officer of the Three Hundred and Sixty-fourth Infantry. On his military
record appear the names of some of the most important battle fronts of the war. He
was on active duty at St. Mihiel on the 12th of September, 1918, and participated in
the famous Argonne-Meuse drive from the 26th of September until the 4th of October.
He also participated in the Lys-Scheldt offensive in Belgium from the 29th of October
until the 11th of November, 1918, when the signing of the armistice put an end to all
further direct military activities. The story of his service is best told in the fact that
he won the Belgian Croix de Guerre, which was conferred upon him on the 16th of
April, 1919, and he was honorably discharged from military service in the United
States army at Camp Dix, New Jersey, June 19, 1919. Following his return home, or
on the 19th of November, he was appointed by President Wilson to the position of
United States attorney for the district of Oregon.

On the 6th of Novemoer, 1906, in Portland, Major Humphreys was married and
has two sons: Lester W., Jr., born in 1907; and Richard Howard, in 1913. Mr.
Humphreys is a member of the Anglers Club, the Golf Club and the Salmon Club of
Portland, is also a Master Mason and gives his political endorsement to the democratic
party.

JOSEPH EDWARD MORBACK.

The popularity of Joseph Edward Morback, manager of the Tualatin Valley Electric
Company has been proved in Sherwood by his election to serve as mayor of the city
for twelve consecutive years. He was born in Wisconsin fifty-three years, the son of
Clemens and Jane (McCutcheon) Morback. who were progressive citizens of Wisconsin,
Clemens Morback having been honored with many offices, all of which he filled accept-
ably. He was tax collector and for two terms served as county assessor. Joseph Mor-
back's ancestors on his mother's side were the McCutcheons, old Scotch pioneers of
Wisconsin. Both of the families followed agricultural pursuits.

Joseph Morback was educated in the common schools of his native township. His
first business venture was that of stock buyer and he continued in this work until
1887, when he came to Oregon to work for the Portland Pressed Brick Company, then
operating a brickmaking plant at Sherwood. Shortly after locating in Sherwood Mr.
Morback obtained employment in the general merchandise store of J. C. Smock, who
was the original founder of what is now Sherwood, but was in its early history called
Smockville, in honor of the man who had located it. Until 1909 this store was the
scene of Mr. Morback's business activity, beginning as clerk, rising to manager and
finally becoming proprietor. In 1909 he disposed of all the departments of the busi-

HISTORY OF OREGON 635

ness except that of the shipping of farm products, engaging in this branch until 1919,
when the demands upon his time and ability from other sources became so numerous
that he disposed of this enterprise. He helped to organize and was for many years
secretary of the Onion Growers' Association, one of the leading farmers' organizations
in the county. He re-organized and is now manager of the Tualatin Valley Electric Com-
pany, whose distributing plant is at Sherwood. This company serves about thirty-five
miles of territory, supplying besides Sherwood, Tigard. Tigardville, Middleton and
Tualatin. He was one of the organizers of the Bank of Sherwood and for many years
was one of its directors. Mr. Morback was also instrumental in the organization of
the Sherwood Telephone Company. This company has three hundred and fifty sub-
scribers and Mr. Morback is the president. The Business Men's Association, in which
he has served both as president and secretary, is another of his many civic activities.
While in no sense a politican Mr. Morback has served as city recorder of Sherwood
and was for twenty years a school director.

Mr. Morback was married in 1891 to Miss Rosie Belle Smock, daughter of J. C.
Smock, the pioneer founder of the town. The union has been blessed with four chil-
dren: George W., a graduate of the School of Technology at Portland and also of
the electrical department of the Oregon Agricultural College. He is now in the electrical
business in Portland; Ivy B., the wife of Walter Bowen, a member of a pioneer family
of Oregon, residing in Sherwood; Edna J., a junior in the Oregon Agricultural College;
and Gladys, a teacher in the grade schools.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Morback are active members of the Congregational church, where
Mr. Morback is a deacon and was formerly superintendent of the Sunday school. Mrs.
Morback is a teacher In the Sunday school and like her husband is active in church
and social affairs. During the World war Mr. Morback was chairman of the war drives,
while Mrs. Morback was active in Red Cross activities and such patriotic work. In
politics Mr. Morback is a republican and in all things progressive. In recording the
names of the men who are building the state of Oregon one has but to read of the
activities of Joseph Edward Morback to realize that so far as his section of Washing-
ton county is concerned, no volume depicting Its growth could be truthfully compiled
without his story being included in its pages.

REV. M. L. FERRY.

Rev. M. L. Perry is the pastor of St. Philip Neri's church of Portland, the corner
stone of which was laid on the 1st of June, 1913. The church edifice was completed
in the same year and stands at the corner of Sixteenth and Hickory streets. The
basement of the church is used tor parochial school purposes and the Rev. M. P. Smith
became the first priest in charge of the parish. He was succeeded in September, 1919,
by Rev. M. L. Ferry, who took charge and has since labored in this parish. He was
born and reared in California and acquired his education in that state, his training
being such as well qualified him tor the holy work that he has undertaken. On the
21st of June, 1910, he was ordained by Cardinal Gibbons in Baltimore, Maryland, and
in 1911 and 1912 was stationed in Chicago where he served as assistant pastor. Through
the succeeding three years he was located in Washington, D. C, after which he was
returned to Chicago, where he remained until September, 1919. The scene of his labors
then changed by reason of his transferral to his present parish. Here he has laid
broad and deep the foundation for a large parish and school. Under his guidance
the work has been thoroughly organized and each branch of the church is accomplish-
ing a worthy purpose toward the upbuilding of the whole. The school has a good
attendance and the result of Father Ferry's zealous labors is strongly manifest.

ACHILLES SHANNON ESSON, D. D. S.

Dr. Achilles Shannon Esson, a prominent representative of dentistry in central
Oregon, practicing at The Dalles, is a member of the Esson family of Scotch origin.
His grandfather was an officer of the British navy and his father was Alexander
Esson, born in Strathdon, Scotland. Alex Esson enlisted at the age of sixteen years in
the Seventy-ninth Scotch Regiment, was transferred to the garrison in Quebec, and

636 HISTORY OF OREGON

after service of seven years he was honorably discharged and remained on this continent.
He came to the Pacific coast in 1857. The following year he located in Marion county,
Oregon, where in 1874 Dr. Esson was born. His mother, Mrs. Christina (Stevens)
Esson, also belonged to one of the pioneer families of the northwest, her parents having
come to Oregon across the plains with ox team and wagon in 1852.

Dr. Esson was educated in the common schools of his native county and attended
a session of the medical department of the University of Oregon, thus obtaining a
broad literary course to serve as the foundation upon which to rear the superstructure
of professional knowledge. He attended the North Pacific Dental College in prepara-
tion for his professional activities and won his D. D. S. degree in 1901. Immediately
afterward he took up his abode at The Dalles, where he was associated in the practice of
his profession with Dr. Harvey A. Sturdevant until 1905, when he became associated
•with Dr. H. F. Sturdevant, a connection that was maintained until 1911. Dr. Esson
then purchased his partner's interest and has since practiced alone, retaining the serv-
ices of the dentists who were connected with the office when the partnership was dis-
solved. He has built up a large practice through marked ability and courtesy and
without invidious distinction may be termed one of the leading dentists of central
Oregon. He keeps in touch with the trend of modern professional thought, investiga-
tion, research and discovery and from 1908 until 1911 was a member of the state dental
board. He belongs to the Oregon Dental Association and enjoys in the highest degree
the esteem and goodwill of his contemporaries and colleagues in the profession.

In 1901 Dr. Esson was united in marriage to Miss Anne Johnson of Marion county,
a daughter of P. K. Johnson, one of the pioneer settlers of the county and the largest
hop grower of that portion of the state.

In 1912 Dr. Esson was appointed a member of the city council and was twice
elected to that position, serving from 1912 until 1916 inclusive, and during his term
of office he was chairman of the fire and water committee and chairman of the streets
committee, during which period all of the cross streets of the city were paved and the
water supply of the city greatly improved and enlarged. Dr. Esson is also a member
of The Dalles Chamber of Commerce and is at all times a most public-spirited and
progressive resident of Wasco county. Every enterprise of value to the community
is sure of his cooperation. In the recent reorganization of the local plant of the King
Products Company he was one of a small group of alert, energetic and progressive
business men who cheerfully put up one hundred and fifty thousand dollars to assist
in financing the project and keeping the plant here for the benefit of the community.
Fraternally Dr. Esson is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, but
the major part of his time and attention Is given to his professional duties, which
are constantly growing in volume and importance. He has long occupied a promi-
nent place as a representative of the dental profession and at all times holds to the
highest standards and ethics, thus meriting the high regard which is entertained for
him by fellow dentists and by the public at large.

WALTER CORNELL VAN EMON.

A scion of two of America's earliest families, Walter Cornell Van Emon, was born
in Yorkville, Illinois, on the 1st of January, 1887. His parents were George H. and
Stella (Cornell) Van Emon, the former being a descendant of Holland-Dutch ancestry,
who settled in America in 1650. They were prominent and well known people from
the establishment of the city of New Amsterdam on down through the Revolutionary
period to the present day. They emigrated to Illinois when that state was a part of
Virginia and in the Civil war their patriotic spirit prompted voluntary enlistment. For
generations the Van Emons were successful farmers, as were the Cornells, who
came from Wales to America as early as 1604. The Cornells have always been worthy
and representative citizens and their name may be found along with those of other
families who fought so gallantly for their adopted country in times of war.

The schools of Yorkville, Illinois, afforded Walter C. Van Emon his early education
and then removing to Washington, D. C, with his father, who had accepted a position
in one of the government departments, he entered the high school, from which he
was graduated in the required time. He then entered Georgetown University, taking
up the study of law, and in 1909 he was graduated from that institution with the
LL. B. degree. Soon afterward he received an appointment as special agent of the

HISTORY OF OREGON 637

United States land office in field work and this work carried him to all parts of America,
the west in particular. In 1917 he tendered his resignation from government service
and located at Klamath Falls, where he has since engaged in the practice of his pro-
fession, being numbered among the most prominent members of the Oregon bar. He
brought to the profession thorough training and natural qualifications of a high order,
and the able services he has already rendered constitute a promise of many years of
usefulness to any community where he lives. He has built up a large clientele, spe-
cializing in corporation law, and it is said that he represents a large percentage of the
lumber concerns of southern Oregon. Mr. Van Emon is clear and concise in his pre-
sentation of a cause, logical in his deductions and sound in his reasoning, while
in the application of legal principles he is seldom at fault. He determined on Klamath
Palls as a suitable location because of the climate and opportunities it offered and he
has made many friends who hold him in high esteem.

In 1915 Mr. Van Emon was united in marriage to Miss Julia Edith Rinker, a daugh-
ter of James Rinker of Wakeeney, Kansas, and they have three children: Walter
Cornell, III.; Carlton Allen; and Elizabeth Ruth. Mrs. Van Emon is a graduate of
the University of Kansas and a woman of much culture and social grace. She is a
model mother and housewife and her home is noted for its hospitality.

In politics Mr. Van Emon is an earnest republican and he stands for all that is
progressive in matters of citizenship. His fraternal afflliations are with the Masons
and he has traveled both branches, being a Knight Templar as well as a thirty-second
degree Mason. He is likewise a Noble of Hillah Temple. A. A. 0. N. M. S. Mr. Van
Emon has filled all the chairs in the Blue lodge and he endeavors in every way to live
up to the teachings of the craft. In line with his profession he has membership in
the State Bar and the American Bar Associations and his interest in the development
and welfare of the community is demonstrated by his connection with the Chamber of
Commerce. Mr. Van Emon is a member of the Phi Alpha Delta college fraternity, in
which organization he takes great pride and pleasure. There is no man more familiar
with the land laws of the country than Mr. Van Emon and he is regarded as one of
the rising young lawyers of the coast.

PRENTISS BROWN.

Prentiss Brown, elected superintendent of schools at Baker, Oregon, in April, 1920,
bringing to bear in his present position the qualities well developed by thorough train-
ing in the State University, was born in Lebanon, Linn county, Oregon, October 30,
1893, his parents being William Marsden and Flora Luphanna (Crandall) Brown.
The father was born in Iowa, August 7. 1S69, and when eleven years of age became a
resident of Kansas, where he remained until 1891 and then took up his abode in
Lebanon, Oregon. He taught school for five years and afterward founded the Lebanon
Criterion, of which he was editor and publisher for the period of a decade. Subse-
quently he turned his attention to the practice of law and also engaged in the banking
business, becoming one of the representative and prominent men of Lebanon, contribut-
ing in large measure to its growth and upbuilding.

Prentiss Brown, after mastering the branches of learning taught in the public
schools of his native city and following his graduation from the Lebanon high school
with the class of 1912, attended the University of Oregon, winning his Bachelor of
Arts degree in 1916. While in the university he took active part in athletics and
forensics and was president of his class during the junior year. Following his gradua-
tion he taught history and was athletic coach in the high school of Centralia, Wash-
ington.

On the 7th of April, 1917, Mr. Brown enlisted for service in the World war, join-
ing the Field Artillery at Seattle, Washington. He was later transferred to the
Presidio at San Francisco, California, and was ordered to report to the Officers' Train-
ing Camp. In August, 1917, however, he was discharged for defective vision, after
which he was employed as head of the history department in the Walla Walla high
school and later was elected principal of the high school at Baker. After two month's
work in the latter position he resigned in order to enter the army, the standard for
visual requirement having been lowered. He re-enlisted in October, 1918, and was
again with the khaki clad boys, serving with the heavy artillery until he received
his second discharge. Returning to Baker he was elected to the superintendency of

638 HISTORY OF OREGON

the schools of this city in April, 1920, and is giving excellent satisfaction as the head
of the school system, tor his standards are high and he has introduced various improved
methods.

At Corvallis, Oregon, on the 31st of August, 1916, Mr. Brown was married to Miss
Ida May Humphrey, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Walter S. Humphrey. Her mother,
a native of Iowa, crossed the plains by wagon in 18S0 with her father, David Perin, who
settled near Monroe. Walter S. Humphrey was the son of an Oregon pioneer, Albert
Humphrey, and was born near Eugene in 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have become par-
ents of two children: Flora May, born May 1, 1918; and Barbara Ellen, born Septem-
ber 12, 1919.

In his political views Mr. Brown is a republican and at all times keeps well in-
formed concerning the vital questions and issues of the day. He is a member of
the Methodist Episcopal church and is serving on the board of directors of the Baker
Y. M. C. A. and also of the Red Cross for Baker and Grant counties. He has. member-
ship in the Baker County Chamber of Commerce, the Baker Country Club and the
National Educational Association. He is also a Mason, identified with Lebanon Lodge,
No. 44, A. P. & A. M.; and he belongs to Baker Lodge, No. 33S, B. P. 0. E.; the Delta
Tau Delta, a college fraternity; and to Baker Post, No. 41, of the American Legion, of
which he is adjutant. Progressiveness in the educational field, patriotism in citizenship
and high standards in every relation of life have made Prentiss Brown a man whom to
know is to esteem and honor and he has a host of warm friends in Baker and through-
out this section of the state.

PHILIP STREIB.

Among the men who have done much for the growth and prosperity of Oregon is
Philip Streib, of Milwaukie. Since his residence here he has devoted his time and
energy to the upbuilding of this state and Clackamas county and rightly deserves the
place accorded him among the most prominent men of his community. He is a native
of Germany, born in Baden, in 1864, and his parents were Ludwig and Louisa (Steiner)
Streib. The father, who was a successful farmer and butcher, emigrated to America
in 1880, settling in Toledo, Ohio.

On coming to the Pacific coast on a visit Philip Streib was so much attracted by
the climate and the progressiveness of this section of the country that he at once wrote
for his parents to come west, and so in 1881 they arrived in Portland. Having learned
the brewing business he accepted the position as brew master with a large Portland
brewery and continued in that position for some ten years, but finding methods here
so different from the methods employed in Germany, he never invested a dollar in
this industry. In 1893 he decided to retire from this business so he resigned and
purchased the Hotel Jletropolis in Portland, which he conducted most successfully
for the period of eleven years. In 1904 he moved to Milwaukie, where he had previously
purchased a large tract of land, which he cleared and laid out streets. The thirty-four
acres so subdivided he named Streib's First Addition to Milwaukie, and this old
nursery tract is today the choice residence property in the city, containing Milwaukie's
handsomest homes. In 1903 he was one of the most active men in the incorporation
of the city and was one of its first councilmen. As a result of his public-spiritedness
and ability he was elected mayor and served two terms in that office, declining urgent
requests to continue in the office. Under his administration many public improve-
ments were made. Most of the streets were paved, roadways were built, the water
system was improved and many metropolitan features introduced. For six years, Mr.
Streib also served the public in the office of city treasurer. Ever on the alert for
ways in which to advance the progress of his community, he realized the necessity
of a home bank and in 1909 was active in the organization of the First State Bank,
of which he was elected president and still holds that position to the intense satisfac-
tion of the community. The bank was organized as a convenience to the citizens and
with no thought of personal gain, it being tnore of a public-spirited than a business
venture, yet, under Mr. Streib's able management and careful guidance it has come
to be one of the most successful banks in the valley and has been the means of building
up not only the city of Milwaukie but the north end of the valley to an astonishing
extent. When the Willamette Valley Southern Railroad was built, Mr. Streib became

PHILIP STREIB

HISTORY OF OREGON 641

one of the original stockholders, but this road, though It has been of great benefit to
the farmers, has not been of much satisfaction to the stockholders.

In Portland, in 1887, Mr. Streib was united in marriage to Carolina Muench, whose
father Gottlelb Muench was a California pioneer of the days of '49 and an Oregon
pioneer of 1850. To Mr. and Mrs. Streib two children have been born: Philip, Jr., and
Elizabeth. The son is now residing in Washington county on a farm which was pur-
chased by his father for the use of the latter's parents. This place, consisting of
eighty-seven acres, was too much for Ludwig Streib as he advanced in years, so it
was given to Philip, Jr., and the elder Mr. Streib is making his home with the subject
of the review in Milwaukie. The daughter, Elizabeth, was for some time assistant
cashier of the bank. She was graduated from one of Portland's best business colleges
and was an expert accountant. She is now the wife of Joseph Franz, one of the
owners of the United States Bakery of Portland.

Fraternally Mr. Streib is an Elk and an Odd Fellow and also belongs to the Port-
land Social Turnverein, German Aid Society and Geographical Association, and in
every public enterprise he is foremost with time and money. Though born across the
water, Mr. Streib is thoroughly American in thought and feeling and wishing to be-
come a fully acknowledged American citizen he applied for his citizenship papers
and in 1886 became a citizen of this country. He is patriotic and sincere in his love
for this country and as early as 18S6 was a member of the Portland Light Battery.
In politics he has always been a stanch supporter of the republican party. This man
who left the fatherland to enter the business circles of this country with its more
progressive methods has had all of his hopes realized, and, finding the opportunities
he sought, which are always open to the ambitious, energetic man, has steadily worked
his way upward until today by his resolution, perseverance and reliability he has his
name enrolled among the best citizens of Clackamas county and is honored and highly
respected.

CHARLES EMMET DRAKE, D. D. S.

Following in the professional footsteps of his father who was for many years a
leading dentist of Portland, Dr. Charles Emmet Drake has engaged in practice in this
city since 1890 and his skill and ability are indicated in the large patronage accorded
him. He was born in Marion, Ohio, December 4, 1867, a son of Dr. William S. and
Maria Elizabeth (Guthrie) Drake, the former a descendant of old families of New
England and the state of New York, while the latter was of Pennsylvania stock. The
father took up the study of dentistry and followed his profession in Springfield and
Marion, Ohio, until 1893, when he came to Portland. Here he opened an office and
for twenty years engaged in practice, becoming one of the prominent and successful
dentists of this city. He was an honored veteran of the Civil war and a member of
the Grand Army of the Republic, of whom it has been truly said: "These men need
no monument in marble. They built an enduring monument in the great American
republic." He passed away in 1916, while the mother's demise occurred in 1914.

In the public schools and the high school of Marion, Ohio, Charles E. Drake pur-
sued his education, completing his professional study in the state of Ohio. After
successfully passing his examination he practiced dentistry in Sycamore, Nevada and
Laure, Ohio, and was also associated with his father in practice at Marion, greatly
profiting by the long experience and sound advice of the latter in professional matters.
In 1890 Dr. Charles E. Drake came to Portland, where he established an office at First
and Yamhill, being joined three years later by his father, who also opened an office in
this city. A younger brother of the subject of this review, Dr. Fred W. Drake, had
also taken up the profession of dentistry and at one time the two brothers and the
father were all engaged in practice in this city, the name of Drake becoming a most
prominent one in dental circles here. Subsequently Dr. Charles E. Drake and his
brother consolidated their interests, and practiced in the Selling building, later re-
moving their offices to the Oregonian building. The brother has now retired from
active connection with the profession and is residing in Portland. Dr. Charles E.
Drake has since continued alone in practice and is numbered among the most succes-
ful dentists of the city.

Dr. Drake attends Centenary Wilbur Methodist Episcopal church, and his political al-
legiance is given to the republican party. He is a veteran of the First and the Third Old

Vol. II— 4 1

642 HISTORY OF OREGON

Oregon Guard and during the recent conflict with Germany did everything in his
power to aid the government in bringing the war to a successful termination. He is
vice president ot the Portland Rose Society and was one of the promoters of the Rose
Festival, an annual carnival of great beauty which has made the city famous through-
out the country and for seven years he served as secretary of this association. He
is also a member of the Portland Hunt Club, the Lang Syne Society and the Press
Club and his fraternal connections are with the Portland Lodge of Elks, No. 142,
Ivanhoe Lodge, No. 10, K. P.. and Samaritan Lodge. No. 2, I. 0. O. F. He is a firm
believer in the future of Portland and is the owner of much valuable city property.
Dr. Drake is one of the incorporators of The Atlantic Pacific Highway and Electrical
Exposition to be held in Portland in 1925. He has attained standing in his profession
and his lite has been one of close application and indefatigable industry, crowned
with a notable measure of success.

NATHAN GREEN WALLACE.

One of the most prominent men of Crook county, Oregon, is Nathan Green Wallace,
county judge, who resides in Prineville. Judge Wallace has had a varied business
career and has won success as printer, book binder, newspaper reporter, editor, school
superintendent and lawyer. As a boy he was ever ambitious, energetic, and untiring
in his efforts to secure for himself a good education, and these characteristics have
been dominant factors in his success.

Like many other prominent and successful men of Oregon, Judge Wallace is not
a native son, for his birth occurred in Arkansas in 1875, his parents being William
J. and Mary (Booth) Wallace. He received his education in the public schools of
his native state and at an early day, feeling the necessity of earning his own livelihood,
took up the printer's trade. At the same time he continued his studies, for he was
ambitious to accomplish better things. In addition to the printer's trade he learned
book-binding and then finding that his native state did not offer him the best field for
expansion he moved to Oklahoma and became associated with a newspaper there, doing
office work. During all that time he was studying law and in 1901 he was admitted
to the bar in Arkansas and later in Oklahoma. In 1913 he decided to come west and
was told of the advantages to be found in Crook county, Oregon, and as a result came
to this state, looked the county over and being favorably impressed located here. He
has remained a resident of Crook county and has risen to a position of prominence
and trust. For some time he was in newspaper work and his experience as a printer
and as editor of the Marlow Review, Marlow, Oklahoma, with which paper he was
associated from 1906 to 1912, resulted in continued success in that venture. He did
not long engage in that line of work, however, for the call of the legal profession
proved too great and he soon established offices in Prineville and for nearly ten years
has been one of the leading lawyers of central Oregon. Jlr. Wallace has been active
in the political circles of Arkansas and Oklahoma, as well as in Oregon. While a
resident of Arkansas he was for two terms deputy county clerk of Grant county, served
one term as superintendent of schools and several terms as police judge, and in Okla-
homa he was likewise elected to fill the office of police judge. In 1917 he was appointed
county judge of Crook county, this state, and gave so much satisfaction that he was
elected to succeed himself and is still active in that office. Judge Wallace is an en-
thusiast on public improvements, especially as concerns good roads, and it is said of
him that he has spent more ot his own money, as well as his time, on public improve-
ments -than any man in this section of the country. As a lawyer he is regarded as
one of the best in the state and while at all times courteous to court, jury, and wit-
nesses he is known to be aggressive and positive in the conduct of his cases. Judge
Wallace has become particularly well known in connection with his fights before the
state highway commission for road improvements for Crook county.

In 1S9S occurred the marriage of Judge Wallace to Lona L. Sudduth and to their
union three children were born: Herman G.. who is in business in Oklahoma City,
and who is a veteran of the World war, having served in the navy; Myttie Louise,
the wife of E. R. Bradfield of Houston, Texas; and Edwin T., in business in Okla-
homa. In 1916 Judge Wallace was again married, taking Addie Vanderpool Spalding
of Prineville, Oregon, as his wife. She is a member of a well known pioneer family.
As one of the leading men of the community Judge Wallace is active in the booster

HISTORY OF OREGON 643

organization known as the Prineville Irrigators, in which he holds the title of the
Duke of Highways. His only fraternal aflSliation is with the Knights of Pythias and
in the line of his profession he is a member of the Central Oregon and State Bar Asso-
ciations.

ANDREAS ALBRECHT.

Andreas Albrecht, who devoted his life to construction engineering and who for
twenty-three years was a resident of Portland, was born near Odessa, Russia, in 1862.
He was a lad of eleven years when he left his native country and came to America,
settling first in Nebraska, where he lived for several years and then went to North
Dakota, where he resided for a time. It was in 1893 that he came to Portland and
here entered upon work as a construction engineer. He had previously followed the
same line of activity and his industry and enterprise constituted the foundation upon
which he has built his success.

In 1883 Mr. Albrecht was married to Miss Carolina Caroline, a daughter of John
and Fredericka (Hilderbrant) Caroline, who were natives of Russia. Mrs. Caroline was
but five years of age when brought to the United States by her parents who settled
in Nebraska and there continued to reside until called to their final rest.

To Mr. and Mrs. Albrecht have been born eight children: Laura, who is the wife
of George List; Maria, the wife of Walter Welch; John; Rose, the wife of Walter
Prenaugh; Andreas, who volunteered for service on the Mexican border and also after-
ward was with the United States Army in France for more than a year; Theodore, who
was also in the service, being stationed at Vancouver; Violet; and Ernest.

The family circle was broken by the hand of death, when in 1916 Mr. Albrecht
passed away. He was a member of the Lutheran church and guided his life by its
teachings, always employing the most honorable principles in every business and social
relation.

HON. THOMAS H. CRAWFORD.

Hon. Thomas H. Crawford, who for many years has been active in the legal circles
of Union county, has the distinction of being the oldest member of the profession in
the sixth judicial district, comprising all of eastern Oregon. He is still active in
the practice of his profession, which is extensive and of an important character and
he Is distinguished among the lawyers for the wide research and provident care with
which he prepares his cases.

Judge Crawford is one of Oregon's sons by adoption, for he was born in Wash-
ington county, Arkansas, March 19. 1848, a son of George A. and Martha J. (Wilson)
Crawford, both natives of Fayetteville, Tennessee, in which place the birth of the former
occurred in 1812. The marriage of Mn and Mrs. Crawford was celebrated in the town
of their birth. The boyhood of George A. Crawford was spent in Fayetteville. Ten-
nessee, but in later life with his father and the rest of the family he removed to Wash-
ington county, Arkansas, where he engaged in farming and in raising stock. In 1870
after the death of his father and mother. George A. Crawford removed to Clackamas
county, Oregon, where he purchased a farm in the Horse Heaven district, operating
three hundred and twenty acres here until 1874. His death occurred on this place at
the age of seventy-two years. After the death of her husband Mrs. Crawford went
with a son. J. P., to eastern Washington, near Oaksdale, where her son had bought
land and was engaged in farming and wheat raising. Her death occurred while living
on that place in 1880. The political allegiance of Mr. Crawford was that of the demo-
cratic party and both he and his wife were consistent members of the Cumberland
Presbyterian church.

Judge Crawford spent his boyhood days in Arkansas, where he received his educa-
tion at private schools. In 1870 he came to Oregon with his parents and entering
the Oregon Agricultural College graduated from that institution in 1874. He then
decided to take up law as a life work, began the study of that profession with R. H.
Strahan and Judge Kelsey and was admitted to the bar in 1876. In the fall of that
year he went to Dayton, Washington, where he commenced practice and where he

644 HISTORY OF OREGON

remained until tlie spring of 187S. In 1877 he served Columbia county, Washington,
as probate judge and upon the expiration of his term, in the spring ot 1878, he returned
to Oregon and located at Baker City, resuming the practice of his profession. In
the fall of 1878 he went to Union, Union county, and there practiced until the county
seat was moved to La Grande. About 1S96 he located in La Grande, which has con-
tinued to be his place of residence. He has built up an extensive and lucrative prac-
tice and handles much important litigation for the courts. For two years he held the
office of circuit judge, being appointed to that office by Governor Chamberlain.

In 1877 occurred the marriage of Mr. Crawford and Miss Roselia A. Smith, daugh-
ter of Augustus Smith, and a native of Missouri. To them two children have been
born: Clarence, who is married, and living at Los Angeles, where he is connected with
an insurance business; and Maud, whose death occurred in 1918. The wife and mother
has also departed this life.

Judge Crawford is a stanch supporter of the democratic party, having firm belief
in its principles as factors in good government. Fraternally he is a member of the
Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias Judge Craw-
ford came to Oregon in the early pioneer days when land could be purchased from
the state for one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre, and he has seen the country
grow to a highly cultivated state with land worth more than two hundred and fifty
dollars per acre. The zeal with which he has devoted his energies to his profession,
the careful regard evinced for the interests of all his clients and an assiduous and un-
relaxing attention to all the details ot his cases, have brought him an extensive busi-
ness and made him very successful in its conduct. Mr. Crawford is the oldest member
of his profession in the sixth judicial district, the men who started out with him
having passed away. The judge finds his greatest recreation in visiting his son and
his family in Los Angeles about twice a year, and playing with his grandchildren.

BEN W. OLCOTT.

Hon. Ben W. Olcott, the sixteenth governor of the state of Oregon, Is a man not
of words but of action, who is capably, fearlessly and honestly meeting the public
demand for one who is not afraid to do things, and his service as chief executive has
won him high encomiums and gained for him in large measure the confidence and
respect of the people of the state. He is a man of resolute purpose and marked strength
of character and his official acts have been determined by his purpose to serve the
people well and actuated by a thorough knowledge of conditions and an unusual sound-
ness of judgment.

Mr. Olcott is a native of Illinois. He was born at Keithsburg, Mercer county,
October 15, 1872, and there acquired his education, graduating from the local high
school with the class of 1890. He at once entered upon a business career, and going
to Chicago, Illinois, he secured a clerical position with a large wholesale woolen
house of that city, being at the time a young man of eighteen years. He continued
with that firm for a year and in 1891 left for the Pacific coast, making his way to
Salem, Oregon, where he entered the employ of William Brown & Company, dealers
in hops and wool, with whom he remained for a year. The succeeding year was spent
in hunting and prospecting in the mountains of southern Oregon and in the fall of
1893 he returned to Salem, again becoming identified with his former employers.
At the end of a short time, however, he severed that connection and associated him-
self with the pioneer banking house of Ladd & Bush in Salem.

The years 1897 and 1898 were devoted to prospecting and mining in the east Koo-
tenai country, in British Columbia, and also on the Colville Indian Reservation in
northern Washington, after which he returned to his native city and for six years
served as cashier of the Citizens State Bank of Keithsburg, of which his father was
president. In 1904 he heard and heeded the call of the far north, going to Nome,
Alaska. In the winter of 1904 he made a thousand mile "mush" up the Yukon river
to Fairbanks, the latest Alaskan El Dorado, where he entered the employ of Captain
Barnette, the discoverer and locator of this famous gold field, who was president and
owner ot the Fairbanks Banking Company. He at first acted as paying teller, gold
dust teller and buyer and afterward had charge of the bank's interests on the creeks,
while subsequently he opened a branch bank for Captain Barnette at Chena, at the
head of navigation on the Tanana river.

HON. BEN W. OLCOTT

HISTORY OF OREGON 647

After remaining for three years in Alaska, Mr. Olcott returned to Salem and en-
tered the office of the state land agent, which position was at that time filled by Hon.
Oswald West, who later succeeded to the governorship. In 1907 Mr. Olcott was chosen
by Governor Chamberlain to represent the interests of the state in connection with
the failure of the Title Guarantee & Trust Company of Portland, this bank being a
large holder of state funds, and on the 17th of April, 1911, still higher political honors
were conferred upon him in his appointment by Governor West to the office of secre-
tary of state for Oregon, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Frank W. Benson.
So capably did he discharge the responsible duties of that office that on November 5,
1912, he was elected to succeed himself and reelected November 7, 1916, carrying every
county but one in the state. Upon the death of Governor Withycombe on the 3d of
March, 1919, Mr. Olcott automatically, under the constitution, succeeded to the gover-
norship, taking the oath of ofl^ce on the 7th of March. He retained the office of Sec-
retary of State until May, 1920, when he resigned and appointed Sam A. Kozer, his
chief deputy, as his successor, Mr. Kozer having received the republican nomination
at the primaries.

As chief executive of the state Governor Olcott's course has at all times com-
manded public confidence, for he has wisely and conscientiously used the talents with
which nature endowed him, seeking ever fully to protect the rights of the people
and to promote every progressive policy having for its purpose the betterment of the
commonwealth. He was the first executive in the United States to participate actively
in the development of aerial navigation, particularly as it applies to forest fire
patrol work, in connection with which he made a number of long flights by airplane
with army aviators, including a flight from Portland, Oregon, to Sacramento, Cali-
fornia, and another from Blaine, Washington, at the international boundary line,
to Stockton, California. Largely through his instrumentality Oregon secured from
the United States army splendid assistance in forest fire patrol work, which resulted
in the planes being placed in operation in Oregon during 1919 and 1920, and will
probably mean that they will be a permanent feature in this state in the future.

Governor Olcott takes a keen interest in boys. This manifested itself in his deep
concern for the welfare of the boys committed to the State Training School, which
for many years has been woefully lacking in suitable housing facilities and equip-
ment. He went before the 1921 legislature with a special message, presenting a plan
for the financing of a new school by direct state appropriation and without encroach-
ing upon other financial needs of the state. He told the legislature it was impossible
to make good citizens out of boys when all who were committed to the school, whether
old or young, good or bad, were herded together without any plan for segregation.
In his special message to the legislature he said:

"Briefly I call your attention again to the fact that the congregate plan as now
used in the impractical relic which we call the training school, is poor in theory and
deplorable in practice.

"If you deem my idea worthy of consideration, which I sincerely trust you may,
I urge that the present plant be replaced by a plant constructed along the lines of the
cottage plan for caring for these young transgressors.

"Give to them the environment of the home, in which scores of them have never
lived. Give them clean, wholesome, healthful surroundings, where will be implanted
in their youthful breasts the seeds which will flower into strong and decent man-
hood.

"Surround them there with chances for vocational training fitted to their needs,
training which will make them powerfully equipped for the battles ahead of them
when they enter the world. Surround them with a strong corps of teachers, with which
to develop their tendencies toward better citizenship. Place them in properly segre-
gated units under the discerning eyes of those who know their history and ancestry
and are equipped to aid in working out their salvation in better manhood. One needs
but to go among these boys, look into their faces, quiz them for a few moments, to
find in the vast majority of them splendid material for the upbuilding of honest
and self-reliant citizens.

"The investment which I am suggesting to you I consider but a paltry sum to
put up against the immense responsibilities which are contained in the product of
that institution during the future years."

The legislature granted the desired appropriation, and a new school, arranged on
the cottage plan which will make possible the careful segregation of the boys, is
taking the place of the antiquated institution. Governor Olcott expects this achieve-

648 HISTORY OF OREGON

ment of his administration to bear valuable fruit in the form of better citizens through-
out the years to come.

When the Japanese problem began to be felt in this state Governor Olcott sent out
a special investigator to gather the facts and report to him on existing conditions.
He followed this with a recommendation to the legislature wherein he said:

"In my opinion steps should be taken by means of proper legislation to curb
the growth of the Japanese colonies in Oregon; to preserve our lands and our re-
sources for the people of our own race and nationality. I believe the ultimatum should
be issued that it is the sense of the people of Oregon, speaking through their repre-
sentatives, that this state is a state with a government of Americans, by Americans
and for Americans and that Americanism is the predominant asset of its citizenry."

Governor Olcott secured the enactment of laws for the protection of the forests
which border the state's scenic highways. He believes that Oregon's scenery, with the
tourist travel which it will attract, will become one of the state's greatest assets.
For that reason the legislation he obtained will grow in importance with the passing
of the years and the consummation of the state's hard surfaced road building program.

Another strong feature of constructive policy secured during his administration
and on his recommendation was legislative provision for new industries at the peni-
tentiary for employment of convicts, so that the proceeds from sale of products ot
such industries not only will pay for cost of maintenance of the convicts themselves,
but will permit reasonable payments to be made toward support and maintenance
of wives and children of convicts who otherwise would be cared for by public
charity.

Perhaps the outstanding feature of Governor Olcott's life in public office has been
his zeal for and ability to inject business efficiency into public affairs. He radiates
efficiency and demands efficiency from those who come under his authority. This is
reflected throughout his administration.

On Christmas Day, 1912, occurred the marriage of Ben W. Olcott and Miss Lena
Hutton and they have become the parents of three sons: Chester Wallace; and Richard
Hutton and Gordon West, who are twins. His broad Americanism, his sympathetic
understanding of the perplexing problems of human society, his abiding sense of
justice and his deep insight into the vital relations of our complex civilization have
won for Governor Olcott the admiration and esteem of the people of the state. His
work in improving the public highways and preserving the natural beauties of the
state has been of inestimable value and gives promise of splendid results In the
future, and in living his own history he is leaving a most creditable impress upon
the pages of Oregon's history as well.

HARVEY R. VANSLYKE.

Since March 6, 1906, Harvey R. Vanslyke has been engaged in the meat market
business in Freewater. He was born in Cherokee county, Kansas, on October S, 1876,
a son of Peter M. and Leota L. (De Freize) Vanslyke.

Harvey R. Vanslyke spent his boyhood in his native state, where he received a
good common school education and later started out into the world for himself. His
first position was in Oklahoma, where he was employed by the Kay and Pawnee Com-
pany in the butcher business. In January, 1906. he came to Umatilla county and
located in Freewater, where on the 6th of March he opened a meat shop which he
is still conducting. His business has grown to extensive proportions and in addition
to the market in Freewater he operates one in Milton which is just as successful.
Associated with Mr. Vanslyke in the conduct ot the meat shops is his brother, W.
L., and they also own and operate a valuable fruit ranch. Mr. Vanslyke is not only
prominent in the business circles of Freewater but in the financial circles as a direc-
tor in the Bank of Freewater. For four years he was mayor of Freewater and while
serving in that office accomplished many works for the development and improve-
ment of the community.

In 1S99 Mr. Vanslyke was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Smith, daughter of
John and Matilda (Fleming) Smith, and a native of Kansas. To them four chil-
dren have been born: Leta. Lela, Clark and Mildred. Mrs. Vanslyke is prominent
in the club and social circles of the communitv and their home is noted for its hospital-
ity.

HISTORY OF OREGON 649

Mr. Vanslyke follows an independent course in politics, voting for the man rather
than for any particular party. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, the Masons, and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a man
of great ambition and throughout his community is recognized as a man of sterling
integrity. He is always Interested in every public enterprise and is one of the most
influential, enterprising and useful citizens of his community.

R. E. CASE.

R. E. Case, who for many years was widely known in connection with the hotel
interests of Portland, was born in the state of New York in 1857. His youthful days
were passed there and the schools of the Empire state accorded him his educational
privileges. It was in 1887, when thirty years of age, that he sought the opportunities
of the new and growing west, making his way first to Aurora, Oregon, where he settled
on a ranch which he occupied for a year. He then came to Portland and turned his
attention to the hotel business, first conducting the Oregon Hotel for a number of
years, and later the Cosmopolitan Hotel and afterward the Union House. In 1894 he
leased the Quimby Hotel and was proprietor thereof until 1904. In that year he took
charge of the Merchants Hotel, which he conducted during the period of the Lewis
and Clarke Exposition in Portland. At a later day he became proprietor of the Palace
Hotel, remained in charge thereof until 1915, and then retired from business life.

Mr. Case was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Costello, in Huron. South Dakota,
in 1885, and their children are: Olive, the deceased wife of William Weber; Robert
A., who is with the Equity Distributing Company, a moving picture corporation, in
the interests of which he travels in Idaho, Washington and Oregon; and Marvel, who
completes the family. The parents have both passed away, the father died in 1916
while the mother's death occurred in July, 1918. Mr. Case was a member of the Wood-
men of the World, and his religious faith was that of the Catholic church. In politics
he was a lifelong republican, always giving his political support to the party and
its principles. His hotel business brought him a very wide acquaintance and he was
very popular wherever he was known.

BERT CARL THOMAS.

Bert C. Thomas, prominent member of the Oregon bar, residing at Klamath Falls,
was born at Mount Gilead, Morrow county, Ohio, July 30, 1881, a son, of David Elder
and Addie (Clements) Thomas. His great-great-great-grandfather, Owen Thomas, was
a Baptist missionary to Virginia from Pennsylvania many years before the Revolution
and built a number of churches in Loudoun and surrounding counties, and his ancestors
took an active part in the struggle for independence. For many generations the family
lived in Virginia, and the old original Thomas homestead in Loudoun county is still
in possession of the family. Jesse Thomas, the grandfather of Bert C. Thomas, migrated
to Ohio at an early date, and there David Elder Thomas was born. The Clements family
was also prominent in the development and growth of Virginia, in which state they
settled prior to the outbreak of the Revolutionary war. They settled in Fluvanna
county and were later pioneer settlers of Ohio. On both maternal and paternal sides
Mr. Thomas is descended from sturdy tillers of the soil, but he has never been active
in agricultural pursuits.

In the acquirement of an education Bert C. Thomas attended the public schools of
Mount Gilead, Ohio, and at the age of eighteen years took a business course in a school
at Toledo, Ohio, and, upon the completion of his studies there took a civil service
examination. As a result he was connected with the War Department with head-
quarters at Washington, D. C, from 1905 to 1911. At night he studied law, attending
the legal department of the George Washington University, and in 1910 he was grad-
uated from that institution with the Bachelor of Law degree. The following year he
came to Oregon and located at Portland, where he was special agent of the General
Land Office until 1914, when he tendered his resignation and removed to Klamath
Falls to commence the practice of his profession. Mr. Thomas combines a pleasing
personality with a thorough knowledge of his profession and has built up a large and

650 HISTORY OF OREGON

lucrative practice. He is also United States commissioner for tlie district of Oregon,
and in that office has rendered valuable service to the community for the past five years.

On July 26, 1913, Mr. Thomas was united in marriage to Miss Helen Gladwin
Plumb, daughter of Professor Charles Sumner Plumb of the Ohio State University at
Columbus. Professor Plumb is a distinguished author and educator. He is head of
the department of Animal Husbandry, and his works on that subject are so correct
and simply written that they have become standard textbooks. Mrs. Thomas is a
trained musician and a vocalist of much ability. She is the soloist at the First Church
of Christ, Scientist, in Klamath Falls, and a woman of much personal charm. One
child of the union is living: Mary Charlene.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Thomas are members of the First Presbyterian church of
Klamath Falls, and he is one of the board of trustees. He has identified his interests
with those of his community and can be counted upon to do his part in furthering
the public welfare. Since locating in Klamath Falls he 'has made many friends who
esteem him highly as a man of genuine personal worth and he is readily conceded
to be a representative citizen of his section of the state.

MARTIN R. SETTLEMIRE.

Martin R. Settlemire, deceased, was for many years actively and prominently
identified with the agricultural interests of Oregon, having come to the state in pio-
neer times. He was born in Montgomery county, Illinois, March 24, 1846, a son of
George and Elizabeth (Ryan) Settlemire. The father was born October 11, 1807,
and the mother on the 4th of April, 1814, and they were married August 31, 1829,
becoming parents of two children. In the year 1850 the father started with his family
for Oregon and the mother died in California while en route to this state. The family
home was established near Mount Angel, where Mr. Settlemire took up a donation
claim of three hundred and twenty acres, thereon spending his remaining days.
On the 21st of May, 1854, he wedded Ann Melvin and there were four children of
that marriage.

Martin R. Settlemire was but four years of age when the long Journey was made
to the Pacific coast. He was reared on his father's farm and when eighteen years
of age began farming on his own account, it being the custom of the father to allow
his children to start out for themselves at that age. His father gave him two hun-
dred acres of the original donation claim adjoining Mount Angel on the west and
he afterward purchased fifty acres, becoming the owner of an excellent farm prop-
erty of two hundred and fifty acres, which he highly cultivated and to which he
added many modern improvements. He raised various grain crops best adapted to
soil and climate, having about one hundred and fifty acres thus planted, while the
remainder of his land was used for pisturage. He made a specialty of hop growing
and this, with his other crops, brought to him a substantial financial return. He
erected a good residence, two barns and the necessary sheds and buildings for the
shelter of grain and stock and for many years he was accounted one of the most
enterprising and progressive farmers of his section of the state. He also made Invest-
ment in Portland realty, becoming as well the owner of some lots in Astoria.

On November 13, 1870, Mr. Settlemire was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth
Simmons, who was born on Howell Prairie in Oregon in October, 1855, a daughter
of John H. and Mary Jane Simmons, the latter a native of Indiana, whence he crossed
the plains to the Pacific coast in 1845 in company with his parents. His father
secured a donation claim on Howell Prairie, in Marion county, becoming the owner
of six hundred and forty acres of valuable land. To Mr. and Mrs. Settlemire were
born nine children, one of whom died at the age of two years. The others are: Etta
M., now the wife of Frank Silliman, of Benton City. Washington; Flora A., the wife
of Lincoln Ambler, living at Mount Angel, Oregon; Elmer Elsworth, a resident of
Woodburn, Oregon; Minnie Esther, deceased; Eva Elizabeth, the wife of C. M. Janz,
of East Portland; Mary Ann, the wife of George F. McCorkle, of Woodland, Washing-
ton: Sadie P., the wife of Charles Whittlesey, of East Portland; Perry Davis, living
at Woodland, Washington; and Adelpha Elderine, the wife of Roy P. Finnigan, of
East Portland.

Mr. Settlemire provided a comfortable living for his family through his careful
and systematic management of his farming interests. He continued actively to engage

MARTIN R. SETTLEMIRE

HISTORY OF OREGON 653

in the cultivation of tlie soil until 1906, when he retired from business life, spending
his remaining days in the enjoyment of a rest which he had truly earned and richly
merited. He passed away November 15, 1919, and all of his surviving children were
at his bedside at the time of his demise. His household mourned the loss of a loving
and devoted husband and father and many who knew him felt that they had lost
a most sincere and faithful friend. As a pioneer he contributed much to the agri-
cultural development of the state and he lived to witness its transformation from a
wild and unsettled region into one of the great commonwealths of the Union.

HON. THOMAS RAY COON.

The life activities of Hon. Thomas Ray Coon have been broad and varied and as
legislator, as educator and as horticulturist he has achieved prominence and distinc-
tion, for he is a man who would rise to a position of leadership in any line to which
he turned his attention. He is now residing in Portland and although sixty-six years
of age is yet strong and vigorous both in mind and body, showing that his has been
a life of clean living and high thinking.

Mr. Coon is one of Oregon's native sons, his birth having occurred at Silverton on
the 4th of March, 1854. He comes of a family that has long been established in
America, his maternal grandfather, Paul Crandall, being a descendant in the sixth
generation of the Rev. John Crandall, a Baptist minister, who went to Massachusetts
about the year 1635 and a little later followed Roger Williams to Rhode Island where
they labored together for religious toleration. Joseph Crandall of the third generation
and his son Phineas of the fourth generation were both soldiers in the Revolutionary
war. Silas Crandall of the fifth generation owned a fishing smack on Long Island
sound, which was shot to pieces by the British in the War of 1812. Paul Crandall,
son of Silas Crandall, moved to Wisconsin about the year 1840 and was a member of
the second constitutional convention which met in 1847. He married Sally Stillman,
and their daughter, Polly Lavinia, was born November 24, 1825, at Alfred Center, New
York. At Milton, Wisconsin, on the 1st of January, 1845, she wedded Thomas Lewis
Coon and they became the parents of Thomas Ray Coon, the subject of this review.
Previous to her marriage the mother had taught school in Wisconsin and her father
was a prominent resident of that state, aiding in framing the constitution. Thomas
L. Coon was born at Hornellsville, New York, May 16, 1821, a son of Stephen and
Bathsheba (Wells) Coon, who in the early part of the nineteenth century resided in
western New York, where they reared their family of twelve children. Later they
removed to Wisconsin and the mother's demise occurred in 1833. Thomas L. Coon,
one of the younger members of the family, was educated at Alfred Center, New York,
and following the removal of his parents to Wisconsin he there engaged in the profes-
sion of teaching. In 1850 Mr. Coon crossed the continent to California and in 1852
his wife crossed the plains to Oregon as members of a party of thirty, which included
the parents of Mrs. Coon and their children: Webster and his wife; Luke; Phoebe;
Amanda; and Emily Crandall. Samuel L. Coon, a half-brother of Thomas L. Coon, and
Jay Stillman, a cousin, were also in the party, the latter being now (in 1921) the
only surviving member of the band of thirty. Locating on land which is now the town
site of Silverton Thomas L. Coon there engaged in tilling the soil and for a time also
followed the profession of teaching. He passed away on the 10th of January, 1854,
leaving a wife and daughter, Cornelia, and seven weeks later the birth of his son,
Thomas Ray, occurred. After her husband's demise Mrs. Coon continued to reside
on the homestead and engaged in teaching school, subsequently platting and naming
the town of Silverton. On the 27th of September, 1856, she wedded Stephen Price and
in 1861 they removed to Salem where for many years she was an instructor in the
public schools. Later she taught in Portland and The Dalles, being considered one
of the best primary teachers in the state. She passed away on the 22d of October,
1898.

In the public schools of Salem and in Willamette University Thomas R. Coon pur-
sued his education and near the end of the junior year he received a pressing offer
from Ezra Meeker to become the teacher at Puyallup, Washington, which position he
accepted, although the faculty were strongly opposed to his leaving the university at
that time. It was but natural that he should be attracted toward the profession of
teaching, as both his father and mother were prominent educators and inheriting their

654 HISTOKY OF OREGON

ability he proved very successful in the work, imparting clearly and readily to others
the knowledge which he had acquired. In 1S69 he was invited by the colored people
of Salem to teach a night school. He had about twenty pupils, ranging in age from
ten to sixty years, laborers, barbers and blacksmiths being among the adult students
and William Johnson and his wife, prominent and respected colored residents of their
day and generation, were also included among his pupils. His first public school
was taught at Franklin (now Puyallup), in Pierce county, Washington. The certi-
ficate was obtained at Tacoma, in June, 1871, from General McCarver who was the
first settler at Linnton, Multnomah county, Oregon, then at Sacramento, California,
and finally at Tacoma, Washington. The examination required by Superintendent
McCarver consisted of a specimen of the handwriting of the applicant and the name
of the school in which he had studied. In the Franklin school there were seven
pupils older than the teacher and among the younger students was Clarence K. Clark,
who later became famous as the engineer who succeeded in directing the waters of the
Colorado river from their course into the Salton sea, diverting its flow into the Imperial
valley of California, thus completing a valuable irrigation system.

From Puyallup, Washington, Mr. Coon removed to Portland where he took charge
of the Mount Tabor school, the site of which is now occupied by the A. L. Mills Open
Air School. Self government was used successfully in the Mount Tabor School. The
state of Franklin was organized with a constitution and members of the legislature
were elected from among the pupils, who made the rules of the school. They were
allowed to choose a governor but the powers of the supreme court were vested in
the teacher. This was a novel method of instruction, displaying Mr. Coon's spirit of
initiative and in this manner the pupils obtained valuable practical knowledge concern-
ing legislative procedure and the value of discipline. He next became principal of
the East Portland schools, grading them to conform with the work on the west side
and after two years there spent he took charge of the South school in Seattle, A. A.
Denny and Orange Jacobs being at that time members of the board. Owing to a
shortage of school funds in that city he went to Astoria, Oregon, where he was occupied
in grading the schools but at the end of two years resigned on account of impaired
health, due to the close confinement necessitated by his work as an instructor. His
efforts along that line were most successful and as an educator he became well known
throughout the Pacific northwest.

Removing to Hood River, Oregon, Mr. Coon there turned his attention to horticul-
tural pursuits, in which he has become prominent, conducting his operations along
the most scientific and progressive lines. In the course of his experiments he dis-
covered the value of the Clark seedling strawberry which he shipped to the Missouri
river markets and into the Colorado mines. He was active in organizing the Hood
River Fruit Growers' Union of which he served as a director and president for about
seven years and was the first to be sent out to look after the markets east of the Rocky
mountains. In 1895 he took the first carload shipment, amounting to thirteen cars,
over the Rockies. For three successive years he took charge of the shipments, the
last being to Montana. The Hood River Fruit Growers Union was incorporated in
1893 and its success in marketing the strawberry smoothed the way for the apple
grower who came later. Cooperation of the growers and an honest pack were insisted
upon. In 1894 he was a delegate from the Hood River Fi-uit Growers Union to the
Northwestern Fruit Growers Association which was organized at Spokane, Washing-
ton, and in 1895 he was elected secretary of that association. A spirit of enterprise
and progress characterizes him in all of his work and he has been most successful
in his horticulural operations, being regarded as an authority in this branch of agri-
culture. He has advanced with the scientific principles of agriculture and by his pros-
perity in a modern enterprise conducted along progressive lines has proved the eflScacy
of system in promoting productiveness. Mr. Coon remains on his Hood River fruit
land which is located right on Hood river, during the planting and growing season
and spends the winter months at his home in the Mount Tabor district. He is a
man of determined purpose, carrying forward to successful completion whatever he
undertakes, for in his vocabulary there is no such word as fail.

In Tacoma, Washington territory, on the 12th of April, 1874, Mr. Coon was united
in marriage to Miss Delia McNeal, the ceremony being performed at the home of
George F. Orchard who with his family was occupying a log cabin wnich was the
first dwelling built on the homestead of General McCarver and theirs was the distinc-
tion of being the first couple married in Tacoma. The parents of Mrs. Coon were
Abraham and Phoebe (Beebe) McNeal. Her father was born in western New York

HISTORY OF OREGON 655

of Scotch descent and the mother was also a native of that section of the country and
a lineal descendant of Michael Pierce who located at Scituate, Massachusetts, in 1645.
The parents were married in Brown county, Wisconsin, October 1, 1S50, and in 1856
they removed to Nebraslva. The mother passed away in 1S59 and the following year
the father with his four little daughters crossed the plains to California. In Septem-
ber, 1861, he arrived in Oregon, taking up his residence at Salem, and his demise
occurred at Tacoma, Washington, on the 23d of June, 1886. To Mr. and Mrs. Coon were
born the following children: Ida Cornelia, who was born June 26, 1875, and died
September 29, 1882; Eugene Carl, whose birth occurred on the 24th of June, 1883:
Thomas Melvin, born April 12, 1885; Viola Ruth, who was born July 19, 1887, and on
the 1st of August, 1912, became the wife of William Foss of Hood River, Oregon;
Florence Grace, born November 22, 18S8, who became the wife of Harry W. Woods ot
Portland, on the 12th of April, 1919; Phoebe Mabel, born April 4, 1892; Charles Wells,
who was born January 14, 1895, and died September 13, 1896; and Sarah Elinor, who
was born October 21. 189S, and died on the Sth of January the following year.

Mr. Coon was identified with the Riverside Congregational church in Hood River
and later became a member of the United Brethren church. From boyhood he has
been a Good Templar and was at one time a member of the Knights of Pythias. For
many years he has been independent in politics but was reared a republican and as a
boy enjoyed listening to political arguments. In 1904 and 1905 he served as mayor
of Hood River and in 1886 was elected justice of the peace, making a most creditable
record in both offices. He was elected joint representative for Sherman and Wasco
counties and served as a member of the state legislature during the sessions of 1893
and 1895, giving thoughtful consideration to the vital questions which came up for
settlement and earnestly supporting those measures which he believed would prove
beneficial to the state at large. He ever stood fearlessly in defense of the rights of
the people and in 1895 was one of The Thirty who would not submit to the dictates
of the political bosses in electing a United States senator. By many this is regarded
as the beginning ot the Oregon System by which United States senators are chosen
by direct vote of the people. When quite young he received two dollars and a half
from his stepfather for reading Raymond's Life of Abraham Lincoln which had a
lasting and elevating effect upon him. He is an extremely intelligent and well read man
and is the possessor a fine library, finding great enjoyment in the perusal of good litera-
ture. He presents a striking example of a strong mind in a strong body, for although
sixty-six years "young," as he expresses it, his life in the open has given to him a most
robust and vigorous physique and he is still an active factor in the world's work. He
is a high minded man who has ever stood for advanced ideals yet utilizes practical
methods in their attainment and is fearless in his defense of truth and justice, reform
and progress. Those forces which have contributed most to the development, improve-
ment and benefit of the state of Oregon have received impetus from the labors of
Hon. Thomas Ray Coon whose life record has been a credit and honor to the state which
has honored him.

FRANK G. BLEID.

Frank G. Bleid is the junior member of the firm of Williamsen & Bleid, painters
and decorators, whose high class workmanship and artistic skill have secured for them
many large contracts in Portland. A native of Sweden, Mr. Bleid was born at Norrkop-
ing, April 25, 1861, his parents being Carl G. and Hedvig (Laurel) Bleid. He secured
his education in the public schools of his native land and there took up the work of
painting, which he followed in that country until 1880, when he emigrated to the
United States, hoping to find here better business opportunities. Making his way to
Portland he secured a position with the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company and
for two years worked on their steamboats. He then engaged in business independently,
so continuing until 1895, when he formed a partnership with Reinholt Williamsen for
the conduct of a painting, paper hanging and house decorating business. From a small
beginning the undertaking has grown to one of large proportions and they now conduct
one of the most extensive enterprises of the kind in the city, employing in the busy
season as many as one hundred workmen. They have executed many large contracts
in painting and decorating, doing the work on the Wells Fargo building, the first
modern sky-scraper erected in Portland and also on other notable structures calling

656 HISTORY OF OREGON

for workmanship of a high order. They are thoroughly proficient in their work and
their business dealings have ever been characterized by reliability, promptness and
integrity.

In Portland, in 1884, Mr. Bleid was united in marriage to Miss Hulda Anderson,
a native of Sweden and a daughter of Andrew Anderson, of Norrkoping. Three chil-
dren have been born to this union: David, who married Elvina Webb, a native of
London, England; Frank, who wedded Blanche Brusnier, of California; and Marie,
the wife of Franklin Olsen.

In his political views Mr. Bleid is a republican with independent views, voting
for the man whom he deems best qualified for office without regard to party affiliation.
He is identified with Auld Lang Syne, an association composed of the older residents
of Portland, numbering among its members some of the most successful business and
professional men of the city. His career is an excellent illustration of what can be
accomplished through indefatigable effort and determination. Working untiringly to
gain a start he has steadily advanced and his unwearied industry and perseverance
have been the salient points in his continued success. He has never regretted the
impulse which led him to seek his fortune in a strange land when a young man of
nineteen years, tor here he has found the opportunities which he sought and in their
utilization has risen to a position of leadership in the business in which he is engaged.

THOMAS LENNOX STANLEY.

As manager of Klamath Falls Chamber of Commerce, Thomas Lennox Stanley oc-
cupies a leading position in commercial circles of the city and his influence is one of
broadening activity and strength in the field in which he operates. He was born at
Dwight, Illinois, on the 5th of April, 1880, a son of John and Charlotte (Lennox)
Stanley, his father being a native of Illinois, in which state he followed farming with
great success. The Lennox family were pioneers of Pennsylvania, where they settled
in pre-revolutionary days.

Thomas L. Stanley was but five months old when his mother died and from that
time on he never knew the greatest and sweetest and most sacrificing love in anyone's
life — the love of a mother. He acquired his education in the common and high schools
of his native town, and being of a most ambitious nature engaged in any sort of work in
which he saw possibilities of furthering his knowledge. For four years he taught
school, the money earned from this employment being used to pay his way through the
University of Illinois, and in 1902 he was graduated from that institution with the
degree of B. A. The next two years he spent as inspector of a nationally known con-
densed milk corporation, at the end of which time he resumed the profession of teach-
ing for two years. Subsequently he removed to McLean county, North Dakota, where
he became county agricultural agent and was one of the first men in that state to
serve in such an important position. He remained in that connection until 1912 when
he resigned to accept an appointment as secretary of the industrial association. As
in his college days when his studies had been interrupted by the war with Spain, in
which he served so gallantly in Cuba and Porto Rico, so the year 1917 the World war
interrupted his work as a member of the United States Labor Commission, his patriotic
spirit compelling his enlistment. He received an appointment as captain of the general
staff and was ordered to Washington, D. C. He served in that capacity until the signing
of the armistice ended active hostilities and received his discharge in December, 1918.
He was then called to Montana as manager and secretary of the Lewistown Chamber
of Commerce and his services in that connection were such as to draw the attention
of other commercial bodies with the result that after considering many offers he ac-
cepted the managership of the Chamber of Commerce of Klamath Falls and in July,
1920, took over that office. Mr. Stanley since coming to Oregon has thoroughly demon-
strated his ability in carrying out the duties of his office and his administration of the
office of secretary has been a prominent factor in the growth of the chamber at Klamath
Falls. He has a magnetic personality which quickly makes and keeps friends and is
blessed with the ability to bring together all elements in the organization in harmony.
When Mr. Stanley first took over the offices of secretary and manager of the chamber
it had a membership of but one hundred and twenty-one business men who paid dues
amounting to ten dollars per annum each. The courteous and energetic action of Mr.
Stanley soon brought the membership to six hundred and fifty and now each member

HISTORY OF OREGON 657

pays annual dues amounting to twenty-five dollars. He has thus proven himself to be
fully equal to the duties of this responsible position, and his indefatigable labor, in-
itiative spirit and marked executive ability have been important factors in promoting
the development and expansion of the body which he represents.

In 1907 Mr. Stanley was united in marriage to Miss Ruth Pine and to them three
children have been born: Louis T., Carrol Lennox, and Dwight Walton. Mrs. Stanley
is a prominent member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, being eligible
through three ancestors.

Although Mr. Stanley is a stanch supporter of the republican party he has neither
sought nor desired office, prefering to devote his entire attention to his business affairs
and his family. His only fraternal affiliation is with the Elks but he holds member-
ship in the Federal Highway Commission and is vice president of the Oregon Com-
mercial Secretaries' Association. He possesses keen discernment and broad vision
and is a firm believer in the Chamber of Commerce and its opportunities. His worth
as a man and a citizen is widely acknowledged, for he measures up to high standards
in both connections.

HENRY B. STONE.

Henry B. Stone, who for many years was connected with the Sash and Door business
in Portland, and was widely known in connection with the lumber industry, was born
in Wisconsin in 1844, his parents being Mr. and Mrs. Alvln Stone. At the usual age
he began his education as a public school pupil in Wisconsin and his early life was
passed in his native state, where he remained until 1870, and then at the age of twenty-
six years he came to Oregon. He iirst took up his abode in Oregon City, but the following
year removed to Portland, where he engaged in the lumber business, devoting his time
to that industry for twenty-one years. He was connected with the manufacture of
sash and doors, and developed his business to proportions that brought to him a sub-
stantial financial return.

In 1878 Mr. Stone was married to Miss Martha N. Crowson, a daughter of J. M. and
Ann (Headrick) Crowson, both of whom were natives of Blount county, Tennessee.
In 1874 they came to the northwest, settling in Washington territory, where Mr. Crow-
son followed farming. Mr. and Mrs. Stone have become the parents of two children,
Clinton O. and Earl B., both of Portland. The family circle was broken by the hand of
death when in February, 1915, Mr. Stone passed away. He had been a stanch republi-
can throughout the entire period of his manhood. He was a member of the Ancient
Order of United Workmen and also of the Eleson Encampment of the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Samaritan Lodge, No. 3. In his life there were no
spectacular phases but his fidelity to duty and his reliability were among his prominent
characteristics and he had many traits that gained for him the respect of those who
knew him.

ROY DEFOREST BUTLER.

Roy DeForest Butler, of The Dalles, son of Polk and Dell (Coy) Butler, was born
in Illinois in 1874. His paternal grandfather was a native of Virginia and the family
were among the early pioneers of Illinois. The Coy family was of Quaker stock and
numbered among the earliest residents of Pennsylvania. In 1878 Polk Butler removed
with his family to Oregon, settling at Dufur, Wasco county, at which time Roy was a
lad of but four years. He acquired his education in the graded schools of Dufur and
in the high school at The Dalles. When quite young he entered into the mercantile
business as a clerk in a general store at Boyd, Wasco county, and afterward turned
his attention to ranching on Eight Mile creek, where he secured four hundred and
forty acres, on which he planted an orchard and also engaged in raising cattle for
the next ten years. He likewise became interested in the mercantile business at Boyd
during the same period.

In 1914 Mr. Butler was elected to the office of county commissioner and occupied
that position for four years. In the meantime he took up his residence at The Dalles
and upon the expiration of his term as commissioner he established the insurance

Vol. 11—4 2

658 HISTORY OF OREGON

agency which he still conducts. He is the representative of the Oregon Fire Relief
Association for the district which embraces the counties of Morrow, Gilliam, Wasco,
Hood River and Sherman and has placed his company upon a sound basis in this
territory, having developed a business of gratifying and substantial proportions.

In 1902 Mr. Butler was married to Miss Ethel Southern, a daughter of C. H.
Southern, a pioneer farmer of Wasco county. They have two children: Melva May
and Roy Dale, both high school pupils. Mr. Butler has a sister, Mrs. Edward Griffin,
of Wasco county, and two brothers: the Rev. 0. K. Butler, a missionary in South Africa
and E. C. Butler, living at The Dalles.

Mr. Butler gives his political allegiance to the democratic party, yet he cannot
be said to be a politician in the sense of office seeking. The only public office he has
filled besides that of county commissioner was that of postmaster at Boyd. He is an
active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and has filled all of the chairs
in the local organization.

The Butler family has long been represented in Oregon, for Roy D. Butler is a
nephew of Daniel Butler, who came to this state in the '40s and is frequently mentioned
in history as one of the founders of the state and as a fearless Indian fighter. Under
other conditions Roy D. Butler is just as loyal to the best interests of Oregon and is
justly accounted one of the representative citizens of The Dalles.

MALCOLM HAMILTON CLARK.

Malcolm Hamilton Clark, member of the law firm of Clark, Middleton & Clark of
Portland, was born on a farm in Redwood county, Minnesota, in 1885. His father,
John Clark, was a native of the island of Islay, Scotland, and when twelve years of
age crossed the Atlantic to Ontario, Canada, in company with his parents. There he
was reared to manhood and wedded Mary Jane Caldwell, after which they removed
to Minnesota. He devoted his active life to farming and passed away in July, 1920.

The youthful days of Malcolm H. Clark were spent in the usual manner of the
farm bred boy. He attended the country schools and in 1907 came to Portland, seeking
the opportunities of the growing western country. Here he became a law student in
the University of Oregon and was graduated on the completion of his course in 1910.
He thereafter attended the law department of Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut,
and was graduated from that university with the class of 1911 and given an LL. B.
degree. He was admitted to the bar in May, 1910, and has since his return from Yale
engaged in practice, being now a member of the firm of Clark, Middleton & Clark. They
specialize in corporation law and are representatives of a number of the prominent
business concerns of the city, their practice being extensive and of an important charac-
ter.

On the 19th of June, 1913, in Portland, Mr. Clark was united in marriage to Miss
May M. Clarke, daughter of Thomas A. Clarke of Portland. She is a granddaughter of
Robert Freeborn, one of the well known and prominent business men of the early days
of Portland. They now have one son, Malcolm H.. Jr. Mr. Clark is a republican in
his political views. Fraternally he is connected with the Phi Alpha Delta and is well
known in the club circles of the city, belonging to the University, Portland Golf, City,
and Multnomah Amateur Athletic Clubs. He is also identified with the Geographic
Society. His interest in community affairs is shown in his cooperation with the activ-
ities of the Chamber of Commerce for Portland's benefit, development and upbuilding.
Along strictly professional lines he has membership with the Multnomah County and
the Oregon State Bar Associations and enjoys the high regard and confidence of his
professional colleagues and contemporaries.

WILSON LIPPINCOTT GASTON.

Wilson Lippincott Gaston, a noted civil engineer and a prominent factor in the
building of the first railways in Oregon, came to this state in 1862. He was bom
November 3, 1831, in the village of Georgetown, Belmont county, Ohio, and passed away
in Portland, May 8, 1908, so that his life record covered a period of almost seventy-
seven years. Mr. Gaston came of French Huguenot ancestry, as do all of the Gastons

MRS. WILSON L. GASTON

WILSON L. GASTON

HISTORY OF OREGON 663

of the United States, the family being represented in all of the states of the Union,
•while in twelve states there are post offices bearing the name of Gaston.

Wilson L. Gaston was the brother of the late Joseph Gaston, the historian. The
father of these two sons was born May 14, 1805, in the vicinity of St. Clairsville, Ohio,
and was one of the able physicians of his day but died when only twenty-eight years
of age. Their mother, Nancy Fowler, born in Beaver, Pennsylvania, October 7, 1812,
died in Morristown, Ohio, March 19, 1885. She was the only daughter of John Fowler,
who fought with Commodore Perry in the battle of Lake Erie and was one of the six
marines who rowed the Commodore through the British line after Perry's flagship had
been disabled. The Commodore himself was a relative of John Perry, the great-
grandfather of these two brothers, Wilson and Joseph Gaston. After the father's death
the young mother returned to her girlhood home and the sons were reared in the home
of their grandmother, Mrs. Jean MacCormack-Fowler, in Morgan county, Ohio. Their
grandfather, Alexander Gaston, who was also a physician, was born in Charleston, South
Carolina, in 1769. He removed to Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1791 and
there met and married Rachel Perry, a daughter of John Perry and friend and neighbor
of George Washington, under whom he served as a soldier throughout the Revolution-
ary war, being an officer of the Virginia Light Dragoons. This young woman will be
remembered as the first woman physician in regular practice in the United States.

Wilson Gaston, whose name introduces this review, obtained what education he
could in the country log schoolhouses of the time and as he grew to manhood took
up the study of civil engineering. He came west in 1857 as a lieutenant of volunteers
sent out by President Buchanan to suppress the Mormons who were making raids on
immigrant trains as they crossed the plains. Later he was detailed for service on
the immigrant road from Fort Hall to Port Walla Walla to suppress the Indians.
After serving for several years he returned to his home in the east and married, but
came to Oregon in company with his brother, reaching Jackson county in April, 1862.
He here took up the profession of civil engineering. He made the first railway survey
from Marysville, California, to Portland and personally had charge of the transit from
Jacksonville to this city. Later he engineered the construction of the high bridges
across the gulches on the Heights back of Portland for the Portland & Hillsboro Rail-
way, and these bridges remain to this day. General Stephen Coffin, a well known
figure of that period, was contractor on this job, and Captain Powell was superintendent
of construction. Mr. Gaston's next work was the building of the water-power cknal
from Willamina, Yamhill county, to Sheridan. He afterward built the bridges on the
Dayton, Sheridan & Grand Ronde Railway in 1879. Later in life he returned to the
east on business and visited with his mother in the old home at Morristown, Belmont
county, Ohio.

The religious faith of Mr. Gaston was that of the Presbyterian church, of which
his mother was a lifelong member. In his political views he was a stanch democrat,
while his fraternal relations were with the Masons.

Mr. Gaston was married in September, 1860, in Morristown, Ohio, to Miss Sebina
Olive Laishley, a daughter of the Rev. Simeon Wesley Laishley, a noted English clergy-
man of the Protestant Methodist church. He was born in Lancashire, England, in
the year 1801 and died September 6, 1849, aged forty-eight years. He was 'one of seven
brothers, all educated in England for the ministry. After coming to America he settled
in Ohio and was actively engaged in the gospel work in different states of the east.
Mrs. Gaston's mother, who bore the maiden name of Hannah Ewan, was born in
Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1805 and died November 6, 1867, at the age of sixty-
two years. She was an industrious woman, faithful wife and the mother of eight chil-
dren, of whom four, however, died in infancy. Mrs. Gaston was born November 9,
1842, in Morgantown, Monongalia county. West Virginia, and died October 23, 1915, in
Portland, Oregon, being almost seventy-three years of age. She was of a quiet dis-
position, a kind and loving mother, and displayed great courage and bravery when
she left her home and friends and started for Oregon with a baby in her arms. She
left New York, October 14, 1862, making the trip by way of the Isthmus of Panama,
and was twenty-eight days reaching San Francisco. She went on a boat up the Sac-
ramento river to Red Bluff and thence traveled in a stage drawn by horses to the
foot of Mount Shasta, where oxen were put on to assist in getting the stage over the
mountain trail in a big snowstorm. This long and perilous journey was ended when
she joined her husband at Jacksonville, Oregon, which was their home till they removed
to Salem three or four years later. In 1870 they came to Portland, selecting for their
home sixteen acres of land just at the foot of Council Crest, a portion of the J. B.

664 HISTORY OF OREGON

Talbot donation land claim. This was their home for many years and here their
five children were reared: Anna G. Patton, who was born in Morristown, Ohio, and
was the baby who made the long trip with her mother, is now residing in Pasadena,
California; Lee Retta, born at McMinnville, Oregon, married Rev. Lester F. Clark and
has one daughter, Beatrice May; Joseph Simeon, a prosperous farmer of Washing-
ton county, was born in the vicinity of Beaverton, Oregon, is married and has a
daughter, Irene Sebina; Mary Wilmot, widow of John S. York, was born in Port-
land, Oregon, and has one son, Ralph Laishley Patton, by a former marriage. This
son enlisted in the army in April, 1917, when war was declared with Germany. He
did not go overseas but served in clerical work for a year at Kelly Field, Texas, and
was then sent to Utica, New York, to attend the gunnery school and from there to
Dayton, Ohio, where he took training in gunnery and also was instructor. From that
place he was sent to the officers' training school at Camp Grant, Illinois, and lacked
just two weeks of receiving his commission when the armistice was signed; Douglas
Wilson, who is a fanner, was born in Portland, Oregon, is married and has one
daughter, Olive Julia. He has recently bought a farm in the vicinity of Beaverton,
Washington county, which comprises fifty acres.

Mrs. Gaston was a member of the Presbyterian church until her removal to Port-
land. A few years later she united with the Congregational church, her pastor
being Rev. George H. Atkinson, a pioneer preacher and college promoter of 1848.
Thus for many years the Gaston family has been closely, prominently and honorably
connected with Oregon's development and progress, leaving their impress for good
upon the history of the state. As a civil engineer Wilson L. Gaston contributed in
large measure to the development of Oregon, for railway building is always a fore-
runner of settlement and promotion of public work. Thus he made valuable contribu-
tion to the advancement of the commonwealth.

EARL WHITLOCK.

Earl Whitlock of Klamath county, Oregon, was born in Marion county, this state,
on the 1st of November, 1884, a son of William and Amelia E. (Thurmon) Whitlock.
His grandfather Whitlock was a native of Indiana, from which state he had crossed
the plains to Oregon by ox team in 1850. William Whitlock, father of Earl Whit-
lock, was born in Marion county in 1857, was reared to manhood in Marion county,
and afterwards removed to Portland, where he followed the business of contractor and
builder. The wife of William Whitlock, Amelia E. Thurmon, was a native of Oregon
and daughter, of E. J. Thurmon, and she also was born in Marlon county.

The public schools of Marion county, this state, and the Silverton Academy at
Silverton, Oregon, afforded Earl Whitlock his early education and after clerking for
two years in a mercantile establishment he decided to take up embalming. As the
result of his decision he took a course at Renouard's School of Embalming of New
York city, the Barnes College of Embalming of Chicago, Illinois, and the Hohenschuah
College of Embalming of Iowa City. He graduated from each of these institutions
and thus thoroughly equipped he became embalmer for the J. P. Finley establishment
of Portland, remaining with them for a period of five years. In 1905 he determined
to go into the business on his own account and looking the state over for a suitable loca-
tion, selected Klamath Palls, in which community he has since resided. In 1908 he
was elected coroner of Klamath county, has been active in that ofl^ce for ten years,
and is holding the position at the present time.

On the 13th of December, 1909, occurred the marriage of Mr. Whitlock and Miss
Nellie Lee Wilkins. a daughter of M. G. Wilkins. Her father is a native of Alabama
and had been a well known hotel man and A. O. U. W. worker in Oregon for many
years. Mr. and Mrs. Whitlock have become parents of a sturdy son, who has been
named Warren.

Politically Mr. Whitlock is a stanch supporter of the democratic party and his
personal popularity is well illustrated in his continued election to the office of coroner,
when the county which he serves is republican in the ma.iority. His fraternal affiliations
are with the Elks, Knights of Pythias and Woodmen of the World, in which last two
orders he has filled all the chairs. In line with his work he remains a close student
and holds membership in the Oregon State Funeral Directors' Association and the
National Funeral Directors' Association. Mr. Whitlock has been so successful in the

HISTORY OF OREGON 665

conduct of his profession that every bit of space in his handsome and modern three
story structure at Pine and Sixth streets is occupied. The structure is sixty-five by
one hundred and twenty feet and contains the very latest appurtenances for the suc-
cessful conduct of the business. Along other than business lines Mr. Whitlock has taken
an active part and as a member of the Chamber of Commerce he readily lends his sup-
port to aid every project that stands for the betterment of his native state. He is
secretary of the McColIum-Christy Lumber Company and a director in the Northern
California Oil Company, his executive ability and initiative being dominant elements
in the growth of those interests. Mrs. Whitlock is a member of most of the women's
clubs of Klamath Palls and like her husband takes an active interest in the welfare
of the community.

RUSSELL HERBERT BROWN.

Russell Herbert Brown is the president of the Federal Box and Lumber Company,
one of the newly organized business enterprises of Portland and one which has already
made itself felt as a factor among the productive industries of the city. Mr. Brown
comes to the coast country from Indiana, his birth having occurred in Parker City,
that state, on the 12th of June, 1877. His father, Francis Merritt Brown, was born
in Maine in 1834 and leaving New England in early manhood, became a resident of
Indiana. At Selma, that state, he wedded Cornelia Ann Lewis and both have now
passed away, the death of the former occurring in 1905 and the latter in 1919.

Russell H. Brown was a pupil in the public and high schools of Muncie and of
La Fayette, Indiana, and in 1901 entered the employ of Swift & Company, with whom
he remained for eighteen years, during which time he was located at various places.
He came to Portland in 1909 as purchasing agent for the Union Meat Company, a
Swift subsidiary, and he continued with Swift & Company as one of their Portland
representatives until December, 1919, when he became one of the organizers of the
Federal Box and Lumber Company, of which he was elected president. As chief
executive of this newly organized concern he is bending every effort to the develop-
ment of the business and the extension of the trade and already he has made for the
concern a creditable position in business circles, their patronage now reaching pro-
portions that make theirs a profitable enterprise.

On the 5th of September, 1910, in Tacoma, Washington, Mr. Brown was married
to Miss Elizabeth Miller, a daughter of William A. Miller. Mr. Brown is a member
of the Chamber of Commerce and cooperates heartily in the well defined plans of that
organization for the city's benefit and improvement and the maintenance of those
interests which are a matter of civic virtue and of civic pride. He is a republican in
his political views and during the period of the World war took active part in support-
ing the bond drives and various other lines of war work.

WILLIAM MASON DUNCAN.

A scion of honored and prominent southern ancestors in both the paternal and
maternal line is William Mason Duncan, who was born in Nashville, Tennessee, in
April, 18S1. On his father's side his ancestry dates back to the earliest days of
Virginia colonization, from which state the Duncans removed to Kentucky, taking an
active part in its development. It was in Kentucky that Amos Russell Duncan met
and married Betty Edwards, she being a descendant of that branch of the family whose
line extends back to Jonathan Edwards, and they became the parents of William
Mason Duncan, whose name initiates this review. The Edwards family of Kentucky
is famous in the history of that state and of Illinois. Ninian Edwards, a granduncle
of Betty Edwards Duncan, was chief Justice of Kentucky, later governor of Illinois
and the first United States senator from that state after its admission to the union.
His son, Ninian W. Edwards, married the sister of Mary Todd who became the wife
of Abraham Lincoln and their greatuncle was appointed county lieutenant, or county
commandant of the county of Illinois in the state of Virginia, in 1778 by Patrick Henry,
then governor of Virginia. Ninian W. Edwards was a distinguished lawyer of Lin-
coln's time and serving with him in the legislature of Illinois early recognized his

666 HISTORY OF OREGON

ability and the nobility of his character, and although he occupied a very much higher
social position than the man who later became president of the United States, he offered
no objection to the marriage of his sister-in-law to the rising young statesman. Amos
R. Duncan, like the other members of his family, made a name for himself in the state
of Tennessee, where he removed from his native state. There, in association with a
brother, he established a brokerage and banking business, in which he continued until
his death. He left the impress of his business ability upon the pages of financial his-
tory of Tennessee and the south and the firm which he organized was considered one
of the most reliable banking institutions in the southern states.

William Mason Duncan is indebted to the primary schools of Nashville, Tennessee,
for his early education, after which he entered Bethel College at Russellville, Ken-
tucky. He spent some time under a private tutor and after attending a preparatory
college at Louisville, Kentucky, entered Yale University, from which institution he
was graduated in 1906 with the degree of A. B. He then determined to enter the
legal profession and as a result matriculated in the law department of Harvard, where
he studied one year; and after pursuing his legal studies further at the University
of Chicago Law School was admitted to the bar in 1909. Returning to Russellville
he practiced there for one year, when he decided to come to the Pacific coast, away
from the traditions of his family, and here prove his ability to make good without
the backing of the family name. In 1910 he paid a visit to the coast and after investi-
gating a large portion of it found in Klamath Falls a suitable location and removed to
that place in 1911. There he immediately established offices and during the ten
years of his practice in southern Oregon has won a high and well deserved place at
the bar. He brought to the profession thorough training and natural qualifications
of high order, and the able services he has already rendered are a promise of many
years of usefulness to any community where he lives. The example of his father he
has followed, making the name of Duncan an honored one in the state of Oregon.

In 1915 Mr. Duncan returned to Kentucky and there he was united in marriage
to Miss Eva Booker of Franklin, that state. She is a daughter of Dr. W. G. Booker,
one of Kentucky's best known physicians. One child has been born to Mr. and Mrs.
Duncan: George Edwards who is a fine specimen of young manhood. Mrs. Duncan
is a model mother and is a leader In the social circles of Klamath Palls, belonging to
most of the women's clubs of the city. She is likewise prominent in the activities of
the Presbyterian church.

In politics Mr. Duncan classed himself as a Henry Watterson democrat and in
the affairs of his party he has taken a prominent and active part. In 1915 he was
the candidate of the party for the office of district attorney and though the republi-
cans had a majority of three to one he was elected by a majority of one hundred and
fifty. He served in that office from January, 1916, to January, 1920. Mr. Duncan
has confined his fraternal affiliations to the Odd Fellows and the Elks, in which latter
order he is the lecturing knight. In the line of his profession he holds membership
in the Klamath County, the Oregon State and the American Bar Associations.

HUGH M. CALLWELL.

Hugh M. Callwell, a man of high personal standing and of marked business in-
tegrity and ability, has been a resident of Portland since 18S7 and has a wide acqupaint-
ance in business circles of the city, now having charge of the personal property of the
American Railway Exnress Company. He was born at Dunmurry, near Belfast, Ire-
land, December 14, 1S53. a son of George and Elizabeth (McCance) Callwell. The
father was a man of importance in his community, being known as "Squire" Callwell,
and wishing to give his family of five sons the best educational advantages possible he
removed to Dresden, Germany, where Hugh M. Callwell, the youngest of the children,
attended school for three years. He afterward was a student in a military academy
at Caen, France, for one year and then went to Torquay, in the county of Devon, in
the south of Eneland. following which he pursued his studies in a Quaker school near
Winchester, in Hampshire. This is situated near Salisbury Plains, ~where the training
camps of the American Expeditionary Force were established during the World war.
Continuing his education he entered the Blundel school near Tiverton, in Devonshire,
after which he attended school in Dublin, Ireland. Thus liberally qualified for life's
practical duties and responsibilities he emigrated to America in 1875, when a young

HISTORY OF OREGOX

man of twenty-two years, and going to Iowa joined his brotlier near Decorah, where he
remained for a year.

In 1876 Mr. Callwell came to Oregon, locating first on Coos bay and subsequently
taking up a piece of railroad land near Drain. During the first year of his residence
in that locality he assisted Dr. Hall, a well known citizen of Oakland, in the work
of improving and developing his plarp. Subsequently Mr. Callwell engaged in the
grocery business at Drain, and also acted as agent for the Wells Fargo Express Com-
pany, with which he has since been connected in various capacities. On disposing of
his business at Drain he came to Portland in 1S87 as an employe of the Wells Pargo
Express Company and following its consolidation as the American Railway Express
Company he was placed in charge of all the personal property of the company in Port-
land, which position he now holds, most capably supervising the interests under his
control. For fourteen years he had charge of the money delivery of the Wells Fargo
Company — a fact indicative of his reliability, trustworthiness and integrity — and dur-
ing that period he came in contact with the leading business and financial men of the
city. His long retention in the service of one corporation is indisputable proof of
his faithfulness, efliciency and honesty and his standing in business circles of the
city is of the highest.

In Springfield, Oregon, in ISSO, Mr. Callwell was united in marriage to Miss Lydia
J. Bowerman, a daughter of Judah H. Bowerman, a Quaker minister, who had re-
moved from Picton, Ontario, Canada, to Springfield, where Mr. Callwell first met his
future bride. Subsequently the father took up his residence at Newberg, Oregon, and
he is now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Callwell were born five children: George E.,
who married Clara Heintz of Baltimore, Maryland, in 1916; Charlotte M.; Florence
E., the wife of R. W. Fairfoull of Portland; Maud M., who became the wife of Emmet
Douglas, a son of Patrick Douglas of Portland; and Henrietta M., who married Emer-
son Clark of Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1916.

In his political views Mr. Callwell is independent, voting according to the dic-
tates of his judgment without regard to party ties and fraternally he is connected with
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Samaritan Lodge, No. 2. He Is
also a member of the Lang Syne Society and during the World war was an active
worker in the promotion of Red Cross and Liberty loan sales. Mr. Callwell is a widely
read man of broad views and liberal culture who keeps thoroughly informed concern-
ing the leading economic, sociological and political questions of the day not only as
regards America but the world at large, his European residence giving him a clear
understanding of the hopes, the ambitions and the characteristics of the people of both
France and Germany. He is a deep thinker on all vital problems and while always
ready to listen to argument he forms his ideas upon the basis of broad information
and clear reasoning. His aid and cooperation have at all times been found on the
side of progress and advancement and he has ever stood for those forces which work
for the uplift of the individual and the betterment of the community at large. His
life has ever been actuated by high and honorable principles and he is a man whom
to know is to esteem and admire.

SAMSON W. HERRMAN.

One of the old and substantial business enterprises of Portland is the Holman
Transfer Company, of which Samson W. Herrman is the owner. His identification
with this enterprise covers a third of a century and its present state of prosperity is
due in substantial measure to his efforts and capable direction, for he is an astute
business man who carefully formulates his plans and in their execution is prompt and
efficient. A native of Oregon, Mr. Herrman was born in Salem on the 22d of February,
1865, his parents being Sekel and Celia (Hirsch) Herrman, both natives of Germany
who emigrated to the United States. They were married in New York in 1863 and in
that year came to Oregon by way of the Isthmus of Panama, settling at Salem, where
Mr. Herrman engaged in the mercantile business with his brother-in-law under the
firm style of Herrman & Hirsch. In 1877 the father came to Portland, opening a
general mercantile establishment at the corner of First and Madison streets and
this he continued to conduct for ten years, after which he engaged in the wood busi-
ness. He passed away in 1912, while the mother's demise occurred in 1905. They
became the parents of five children, all of whom are natives of Oregon and have con-

m^S HISTORY OF OREGON

tinued to reside in the city of Portland. Samson W. Herrman is the eldest of the
family and the others are Ella, Isaac, Emanuel and Simon.

In the public schools of Portland Samson W. Herrman pursued his education and
on entering the business world gained his first mercantile experience in his father's
establishment in Portland, assisting him in the conduct of the business until hi?
retirement. In 1S86 S. W. Herrman became connected with the Holman Transfer
Company, one of the old and substantial business enterprises of this city, and follow-
ing the demise of a member of the firm he formed a partnership with John W. Hol-
man. After the death of Mr. Holman Mr. Herrman acquired the entire business,
which was incorporated under the name of the Holman Transfer Company, and is
still conducted under that title, although Mr. Herrman is now sole owner. For over
thirty years he has been identified with the concern and his executive ability, admin-
istrative direction and enterprising spirit have been important elements in the suc-
cessful conduct of the business, which has enjoyed a continuous growth, having now
reached extensive and profitable proportions. He also has financial interests, being
a director of the Bank of Kenton, located in one of the suburbs of Portland.

In Portland, in 1889, Mr. Herrman was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Harris,
of Vancouver, Washington, a daughter of Samuel and Anna Harris, natives of Ger-
many. In his political views Mr. Herrman is a republican and his religious faith is
indicated by his affiliation with Beth Israel congregation. Fraternally he is a Mason,
belonging to the Scottish Rite Consistory and to Al Kader Temple of the Mystic
Slirine. He is also a member of Portland Lodge, No. 142, B. P. O. E., and of Lodge
No. 65, of the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith. He is likewise identified with the
Lang Syne Society and the Concordia Club, of which he has been president for two
terms and is an active and earnest member of the Chamber of Commerce, giving
hearty support to the well devised plans of that body for the advancement of the city
and the extension of its trade relations. He is interested in all that pertains to the
welfare and progress of his city, state and nation and during the World war served
as captain of the drive for the third Liberty loan. His has been a life of diligence
and determination, characterized by honesty and integrity in all business transactions,
and success in substantial measure has come to reward his labors.

GEORGE THOMAS COLLINS.

George Thomas Collins, manager of the wholesale grocery house of Mason, Ehrman
& Company, is a dynamic force in the business circles of Medford. He was born on
the 13th of August, 1880, at Holyoke, Massachusetts, and comes of English ancestry.
He was educated in his native town, attending the graded and high schools, and when
his textbooks were put aside he entered upon an apprenticeship to the paper-making
trade. Just as he was completing his term of indenture he met with an accident that
broke both knees and obliged him to quit the paper-making business. When he
recovered he became a commercial traveler, covering the New England states for a
New York grocery firm. He had been reading, however, of the Pacific coast, its excel-
lent climate and its superior business advantages and on one occasion met a fellow
traveler, who in reply to Mr. Collins' inquiry spoke so well of the country that the
latter decided to try his fortune in the northwest.

In March, 1911, traveling coastward by way of Canada he at length reached
Portland, a place in marked contrast to the regions through which he had passed,
for as he journeyed westward he traveled through great snow banks but on reaching
his destination found roses in bloom and a beautiful sunny climate. Mr. Collins
entered the employ of a wholesale grocery house in Portland and his ability won him
promotion to the position of assistant manager within six months. His connection
with the firm covered nearly two years, at the end of which time he became a rep-
resentative of the firm of Mason, Ehrman & Company, being made manager of their
southern Oregon territory, with wholesale establishment at Medford and Klamath
Falls. Mr. Collins established his home in Medford, but is widely known throughout
the southern part of the state, as Ashland, Klamath Falls and other districts claim
him and benefit by his civic enterprise and progressive spirit. His efforts have
been an important element in making Medford a wholesale distributing point, and
not only has he assisted materially in the upbuilding of the business with which
he is directly connected but has been a supporter of many public projects as well.

HISTORY OF OREGON 671

He is represented on the road by six traveling salesmen and employs twenty-four
people in his warehouse. He has carefully systematized the business, introduced
progressive methods, and his commercial activity has been a potent force in con-
tributing to Medford's upbuilding.

In 1902 Mr. Collins was married to Miss Rosa Boissy, a daughter of Alphonse
Boissy, a farmer of the province of Quebec, Canada. Both Mr. and Mrs. Collins are
recognized as social leaders in Medford, and the hospitality of their own home is
greatly enjoyed by a very extensive circle of friends.

Mr. Collins is keenly interested in the improvement of the Crater lake resort
and is one of the best known representatives of fraternal interest in this section of
the state. He is a past master of his Masonic lodge, is a Knights Templar and a
thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, and he is likewise a past potentate of
Hillah Temple of the Mystic Shrine and a past honorary Pharaoh of the A. E. O.
S. S. He is likewise a past exalted ruler of the Medford Elks and vice president
of the Oregon State Elks Association. All of these different bodies to which he
belongs count upon and receive his active cooperation and support. He is one of
the directors of the Medford Chamber of Commerce and no cause of civic betterment
seeks his aid in vain. He was appointed by Governor Olcott in April, 1921, a mem-
ber of the Oregon State Tourist Information Bureau. It is said that when George
Thomas Collins starts out for a thing he gets it, and the methods which he pursues
are such as any might profitably follow. Perhaps the secret of his success may be
found in the fact that he is never too busy to be cordial, never too cordial to be
busy.

MARTIN WINCH.

Martin Winch, deceased, was associated with agricultural and railroad interests
in Portland and Oregon but was perhaps best known through his work as administra-
tor of the Amanda W. Reed estate, Mrs. Reed being his aunt. He was born in Quincy,
Massachusetts, December 15, 1S58, and is a son of Martin and Frances (Wood) Winch.
In 1871, when twelve years of age, he accompanied his mother and his brother upon
their westward journey to Portland, Oregon, the father having previously passed away.
In Massachusetts.

After reaching this city Martin Winch attended the public schools until sixteen
years of age and then started out to provide for his own support by obtaining employ-
ment with the Oregon Steamship & Navigation Company. He continued in the employ
of that corporation for several years. When it became the Oregon Railroad & Naviga-
tion Company he was ticket agent and later general baggage agent of this company
and of the western division of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company. He continued
to act in that capacity until 1884 when he took the management of the varied interests
of Mr. Simeon G. Reed and filled these positions with great credit to himself and satis-
faction to those whom he thus represented. In May. 1904, his aunt, Mrs. Amanda W.
Reed, died and he was appointed, according to the terms of her will, executor of her
estate and one of the five trustees of Reed Institute. He labored for years in the courts
to establish the institution and deserves great credit for accomplishing this, as the
heirs fought hard to prevent it. It was this strain which in a certain degree hastened
his death. Reed College was founded in 1911 at Portland, Oregon, as the result of the
bequest of Amanda W. Reed, who left a sum, estimated unofficially at the time as three
million dollars, for a nonsectarian institution of learning in Portland, the object of
which was the increasing and diffusion of practical knowledge among the citizens of
Portland and the promotion of literature, science and art. The Ave trustees named
in the will decided to begin with a college of liberal arts and sciences and after sur-
mounting great difficulties the task was accomplished. Mr. Winch was also keenly
interested in agricultural affairs and owned and operated a fine dairy farm near
Gresham until his death, which occurred on December 17, 1915.

It was on March Sth, 1882, that Mr. Winch was united in marriage to Miss Nellie
Amelia Wygant, a daughter of Theodore and Margaret Glen Wygant. One son was born
of this marriage, Simeon Reed, who is a graduate of Princeton University and is now
a resident of Portland.

Mr. Winch was a member of the Masonic .fraternity, also a member of the Uni-
tarian church. He was a man who stood at all times for what he believed to be right

672 HISTORY OF OREGON

and has an enviable record for honesty and uprightness. He aided many a young
man financially at a time when such assistance was most needed, yet only those whom
he befriended knew of his transactions in this way. He closely followed the Biblical
injunction: "Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth." He was entirely
free from ostentation and display but his entire life was guided by high ideals and a
sense of justice that made his record one of great worth in the community in which
he lived and labored.

ISAAC NEWTON ROBINSON.

The most prosperous and flourishing general merchandise stores of Tualatin is
owned and managed by Isaac Newton Robinson. Mr. Robinson has demonstrated his
progressive ideas by building the only brick structure in Tualatin. His building
occupies the most prominent corner in town, is two stories high and 50x75 feet in
dimensions. The lower floor is occupied by Mr. Robinson's store and the second story
is used as an apartment house. Every small community has one dominant citizen
whose splendid public spirit makes him the leader in his town. In Tualatin. Isaac N.
Robinson is that leader. He was born in Clairmont County, Ohio, where the family
from which he descended had been residents for one hundred and fifty years. In the
pioneer days of Illinois, Oscar Robinson who was by trade a cabinet maker, settled
there and later moved to Ohio where his son Isaac was born.

After receiving his education in the common schools of his home state Isaac Rob-
inson worked on his father's farm until he was twenty-flve years of age. Having
learned the bridge carpenter's trade he spent tjie next four years in bridge work for
the Big Four railroad. After severing connections with this concern, he accepted
a position with the American Straw Board Company as purchasing agent, remaining
with them for fourteen years. In 1900 he came to Oregon on a visit and fancying
the climatic conditions he decided to remain. In 1901 he opened a general merchan-
dise store at Tualatin, and has remained here since. In every enterprise that has
promised the advancement of Tualatift he has been in the foreground. During the
building of the Oregon Electric Railway through Washington county he served as
paymaster for the corporation.

" Mr. Robinson married Miss Mary E. Smith a native of Maryland, whose father
Leonard Smith was an extensive dealer in lumber and the proprietor of a large saw-
mill. They have no children but reared and educated the daughter of a relative and
she is now the wife of Walter Thompson who is engaged in the automobile business
in Portland.

Mr. Robinson is a trustee of the Congregational church and was for years clerk
of the church. During the World war Mr. Robinson was the chairman of all the
war drives and bond committees for his section, while Mrs. Robinson was an enthu-
siastic Red Cross worker. That Mr. Robinson is a valuable asset to Tualatin will
not be denied by any one in Washington county.

EDWARD JAMES MURRAY.

Newspapers may well be classed among the leading enterprises of any community,
for whether great or small institutions they have their work to perform. They are a
dominant factor in molding public opinion, for it is through them that people all over
the world are brought face to face with important questions and issues of the day.
The Klamath Falls Herald, with which Edward James Murray is identified as editor,
is one of the leading newspapers in Oregon and enjoys an extensive circulation.

Mr. Murray is a native of Ireland, his birth having occurred in County Cavan
on the 3d of April. 1S75. and he is a son of Peter and Rose (O'Rielly) Murray. In
18S1 he emigrated to America and located in Syracuse, New York. He was but six
years of age when he arrived here and he endured many hardships while adjusting
himself to the customs and surroundings of the new world. At an early age he became
a messenger for the Western Union Telegraph Company at Syracuse and worked in
that connection for some time, saving up quite a little money. As a messenger he
was frequently brought into contact with the thrilling, hurrying, throbbing interests

HISTORY OF OREGON 673

of gi'eat newspapers, and his chief pleasure was in delivering telegrams to the editorial
sanctum, a duty which never failed to make his heart beat quicker and strengthen his
determination to succeed. Subsequently he entered the Christian Brothers College at
Syracuse, and after completing the course there started his newspaper career on the
Tribune-Republican at Meadville, Pennsylvania. Mr. Murray was not long in estab-
lishing himself in that city for his magnetic personality, energy and ability to write
won him a place in the heart of the public. His four years of successful achievement
on that paper brought him greater opportunities and he was for some time a member
of the republican state committee of Pennsylvania and for a time served the commit-
tee as assistant secretary. Severing his connection with the Tribune-Republican, Mr.
Murray established at Las Cruces, New Mexico, the Donna Anna County Republican,
which he successfully operated for four years. The next six years of his life were
devoted to mining but at the end of that time the call of the newspaper became so
strong that he removed to Klamath Falls, Oregon, and bought an interest in the
Klamath Republican, which was later merged into the Evening Herald and of which
he became the sole owner in 1919.

Newspapers, like individuals, possess character and the editor who has integrity,
aggressiveness and common sense becomes one of the most useful citizens in his com-
munity. For fifteen years Mr. Murray has been a constructive force in the community,
a producer and uplifter, and his paper is sincere in its struggle for a citizenship with
high ideals of community service. He hates selfishness, sham and pretense, and al-
though in many instances his editorials are condemned, the condemnation is generally
traced to the selfish faction who are intent on furthering their own interests at the
expense of the public. Mr. Murray uses his paper as an instrument for the whole
people of the county, however, and ignores the displeasure which his articles cause
a few. The popularity of his sheet is clearly indicated for it has the largest circula-
tion of any paper in southern Oregon. In addition to his duties as editor, he is presi-
dent of the Herald Publishing Company, president of the Central Hotel Company,
president of the Hydraulic Stone & Brick Company and vice president of the Lakeside
Lumber Company.

In 1896 occurred the marriage of Mr. Murray and Miss Rebecca Jane Kingston, a
daughter of Paul Kingston of Moscow, Livingston county. New York. Mrs. Murray
takes an active interest in the newspaper business of her husband and is in charge of
the business oflUce of the Herald. She has many friends in the county who esteem
her as a woman of ability, possessing a charming manner and pleasing address.

The political allegiance of Mr. Murray is given to the republican party, and he is
a consistent member of the Catholic church. His worth as a man and citizen is widely
acknowledged, for he measures up to high standards in both connections.

THEODORE WYGANT.

Theodore Wygant, navigation executive, who became a resident of Oregon on the
28th of October, 1850, was born in Ulster county, New York. November 22, 1831, his
parents being William and Amelia (Fowler) Wygant. His father afterward removed
to Indianapolis, Indiana, where the son was educated as a pupil in the public schools.
He was a youth of eighteen years when he started for the Pacific coast, leaving home
on the 22d of May, 1850, and arriving in Oregon City on the 2Sth of October. There
he spent two years employed in various ways, and in 1S52 he began steamboating on
the Upper Willamette river as clerk on the pioneer boat Canemah. Later he became
agent for the joint steamship companies at Oregon City and in 1863 he removed to
Portland, becoming secretary and treasurer of the Oregon Steam Navigation Company.

When Henry Villard reorganized the company and changed its name to the Oregon
Railway & Navigation Company Mr. Wygant was retained as secretary and assistant
treasurer, in which dual capacity he continued to serve until his retirement from active
business in 1887. He was thoroughly equipped for the office which he held by reason
of his wide and accurate knowledge of steamship and traffic conditions throughout not
only the immediate territory in which he lived but also throughout the entire west.
He discharged the duties of various official positions with the same diligence, intelli-
gence and skill which were manifested and more highly developed in his executive life,
until through the channels of work well done and achievements of lasting importance,
his name finds place on the roll of honor of those who served the company faithfully
Vol. n~i"

674 HISTORY OF OREGON

and well. The example of his integrity, his honorable dealing and his upright life is
an inspiration alike to friends, associates and subordinates.

At Oregon City, on the 19th of October, 185S, Theodore Wygant was united in mar-
riage to Miss Margaret G. Rae, a daughter of William Glen Rae and a granddaughter
of Dr. John McLoughlin, chief factor of the Hudson Bay Company in the great north-
west. Dr. McLoughlin has often been called the "Father of Oregon" and "Oregon's
most famous pioneer after Lewis and Clark." Theodore Wygant died in Portland,
Oregon, February 9, 1905, while his wife passed away November 1, 1912. She was
born on the Pacific ocean on the Steamer Beaver, which was at that time making a
passage to Fort Stikeen near Sitka, Alaska. The Beaver was the first steamship on
the Pacific coast that came from England under sail with her engine and machinery
as cargo. To Mr. and Mrs. Wygant were born three daughters who survive: Mrs.
Martin Winch, Mrs. W. M. Whidden and Miss M. Louise Wygant, all of Portland where
they are prominently known, having long occupied an enviable position in the social
circles of the city.

Mr. Wygant was a member of the Masonic fraternity and took the Scottish Rite
degrees, while several times he served as treasurer of the Oregon Grand Lodge. He
was also a member of the Unitarian church from its organization until his death and
contributed largely to its upbuilding. His record is as an open book which all may
read and from it may be learned many lessons of honor and integrity, also lessons con-
cerning the wise use of time, talent and opportunity. His work was indeed an im-
portant element in the development of the northwest, for through his identification
with navigation and transportation interests he contributed in marked measure to the
upbuilding of this great section of the country. He was a splendid organizer and his
executive ability and administrative direction were important factors in the success-
ful conduct of the business that was built up by the Oregon Railway & Navigation
Company. His name indeed deserves high place on the list of Oregon's pioneers.

NICHOLAS DE LIN.

Attracted by the discovery of gold in California, Nicholas De Lin made his way
to the Pacific coast and from 1849 until his death was closely associated with the
development and progress of the western country, being a prominent factor in the
development of Oregon and Washington from 1850. He was born in Sweden in 1817
and came to the United States in 1846, settling first in Boston. In 1849 he joined a
party who had fitted out a boat for California and sailed for the Pacific coast, hoping
to win there a fortune in the mines. They made the voyage by way of Cape
Horn and after sailing for many months reached their destination. Mr. De Lin
remained in California until 1850, when he came to Oregon, settling in Portland. Here
he invested in business property. He was a cabinet-maker by trade and also fol-
lowed carpentering in connection with his other activities, thus becoming an active
factor in the industrial development of the little city in pioneer times. Later he
formed a partnership for the operation of a sawmill at Olympia, Washington, there
continuing in business for some time. Subsequently he built a sawmill at Puyallup
Bay in Washington near Tacoma and likewise took up a donation claim in that
locality that is now a part of the city of Tacoma. Further extending his business
activities he established a furniture store at Olympia, which he conducted for three
years. He next removed to Portland, where he followed his trade as cabinet-maker,
thus again becoming connected with the city in which he had first established his
home upon his removal from California. Here he spent his remaining days and was
classed with the worthy pioneer settlers who laid broad and deep the foundation
upon which the present prosperity and progress of the city have been built.

On November 25, 1854, Mr. De Lin was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude
Miller who was born in Germany in 1S40, a daughter of John and Katharine Miller.
Her parents died of cholera in Illinois when she was but nine years of age and
she went to live with an uncle and aunt, with whom she crossed the plains in
1S53, the family home being established in Washington where her uncle took up
a donation claim adjoining that of Nicholas De Lin at Tacoma. The tract was all
covered with a heavy growth of timber which the uncle cut and which was sawed
at the De Lin mill. When he had cleared the tract he sold the land at a good price
as well as the lumber. By reason of the proximity of the claims Mr. and Mrs. De Lin

NICHOLAS DE LIN

HISTORY OF OREGON 677

became acquainted and were married. To this union were born the following children,
tour of whom are living: Ann G., who has been a teacher in the schools of Portland for
many years; Grace A., the wife of J. T. Richards of Portland; William M., also liv-
ing in Portland; Mary C, the wife of Alvah Eames of Cordovia, Alaska, who is a
post office inspector of that country. Mathias, an architect of Portland, died in 1911;
Oscar N. died at the age of sixty years in 1916, at St. Paul, Minnesota.

Mr. De Lin was closely associated with every phase of pioneer life and the devel-
opment of the northwest. He was very successful in handling the Indians, always
treated them kindly and frequently gave them trinkets as well as food. In one of
the uprisings which took place in Washington he and his family, as well as many
others, left their homes and business places for protection, but Mr. De Lin's home
and sawmill were not disturbed, while property belonging to others around him was
destroyed. This is certainly specifie proof of the feeling entertained toward him
by the Indians who recognized his fairness and kindliness. For many years Mr. De Lin
remained a witness of the progress of the northwest and has been classed as a con-
tributing element in the development of this section. But death called him on May
15, 1882, and he passed out, leaving the memory of a well spent life, his many good
traits having endeared him to a large circle of friends.

VINCENT COOK.

With the development of Portland and of Oregon Vincent Cook has been closely
associated. At different periods he has been engaged in merchandising, in manu-
facturing and in mining and his labors have at all times constituted a contributing
element to the growth and progress of this section of the country. At the present
time he is living retired, for he has passed the seventy-ninth milestone on life's jour-
ney, his birth having occurred in Chicago, Illinois, February 26. 1S41. His parents
were Horatio and Anna (Bennett) Cook, the former a native of Worcestershire, Eng-
land, and the latter of the city of London. They came to America in 1818, settling first
in New York and subsequently becoming residents of New Jersey. In 1838 they re-
moved to Chicago where the father, who was an expert cabinet-maker, afterward en-
gaged in the furniture business until 1850. He then took up his abode at Rockford,
Illinois, where he also established a furniture business. In 1852 two of his sons,
George and Horatio, came to Portland, Oregon, crossing the plains to the northwest.
In 1853 they were joined by their father who made the trip by way of the Isthmus
of Panama and upon reaching Oregon took up a donation claim of six hundred and
forty acres near Cedar Mills. The father and two sons then engaged in the furniture
business in Portland, continuing the conduct of the store for several years and Mr.
Cook was considered one of the most expert cabinet-makers in America at that time.
His son Vincent now has in his possession a settee and other pieces of furniture which
were made by his father about seventy years ago and are still in a fine state of pres-
ervation. His was the first furniture used in the first Masonic lodge of Portland.
The John Garrison and the Cook & Sons furniture factories were the first to be estab-
lished in Portland and thus the family early became associated with the manufactur-
ing development of the city. In the early '60s the death of George Cook occurred
and Horatio Cook afterward engaged in the undertaking business, which he followed
until the time of his demise in 1900. With the death of George Cook the father returned
to the ranch where he spent his remaining days, his death occurring thereon about
1869.

Late in the year 1854 Vincent Cook, his brother J. W. Cook, his mother and a
sister sailed from New York as passengers on the Star of the West, one of the early
vessels connected with the passenger service to the Pacific coast. They came by way
of Nicaragua, Graytown and San Francisco, proceeding northward to Portland.

After reaching this city Vincent Cook attended the academy, a Methodist institu-
tion, for one winter and this constituted almost the entire extent of his schooling dur-
ing the winter months. While attending the academy he and a companion. Edward
Cornell, arose each morning at four o'clock and went to the office of the Oregonian
where they folded papers and then delivered them in order to earn a little money, divid-
ing the field between them, Mr. Cook taking all on the north side of Washington street
while Mr. Cornell's territory covered all of the city to the south. There was but one
home west of the park on Mr. Cook's side of the city and none east of the river at that

678 HISTORY OF OREGON

time. In early life Mr. Cook was also employed by his brother J. W. Cook, who was
engaged in the manufacture of bags, tents and other articles made of canvas. In
1865 he was admitted to a partnership in the business, which the brothers then
conducted successfully through the succeeding three years, at the end of which time
Mr. Cook withdrew and became associated with the firm of Clarke, Henderson & Cook
in the establishment of a dry goods business at the corner of First and Washington
streets. He was thus interested in mercantile enterprises of the city for the next
six years, when he turned his attention to the salmon-packing industry in which he
engaged for several years, becoming one of the most prominent representatives of the
salmon industry in the northwest, making shipments to all parts of the world. He
remained an active factor in that field of business until 1896. In the meantime, or in
18S8, he had formed a partnership with Captain A. P. Ankeny and H. E. Ankeny and
they became successors to the Sterling Mining Company, operating in Jackson county,
Oregon, where they had fourteen hundred acres of fine placer land. Following the
death of Captain Ankeny the business remained in the control of the two surviving
partners, Vincent Cook becoming the president of the company with Henry E. Ankeny
as vice president. A six-mile hydraulic pipe was used until 1861, having been in op-
eration from 1S54. As early as 1879 a twenty-seven mile ditch was dug to the mines.
In 1877 a stock company was formed and the mines developed on a profitable basis.
Mr. Cook became the chief executive officer and had active control of the affairs of the
company, employing many workmen and winning a substantial return upon the invest-
ment. He formulated his plans readily and was prompt in their execution, while at
all times he displayed unremitting enterprise and keen discrimination.

In Portland Mr. Cook was united in marriage to Miss Oronoco L. Ankeny. a daugh-
ter of Captain A. P. Ankeny, and they became the parents of two sons and a daughter:
Ray A., Lelia A. and Floyd J. The wife and mother passed away in 1897 and ten
years later, or in 1907. Mr. Cook was married to Mrs. Martha Matilda (Giltner)
Crowell, a daughter of Dr. Jacob S. and Martha Matilda (Hause) XJiltner who were
natives of Pennsylvania and came to Portland in 1866. Mrs. Cook acquired her educa-
tion in the Portland high school and in Oakland, California, where she prepared for
college. In 1880 she entered Wellesley College of Massachusetts and was there gradu-
ated in 1884 but remained for postgraduate work in 1885.

Mr. Cook is one of the six survivors of the eighty charter members of the Arling-
ton Club of Portland. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a
republican in his political views. He still takes a great interest in baseball and other
sports. For some time he has lived retired from active business, enjoying in well
earned rest the fruits of his former toil, for his life of activity and enterprise brought
to him a most substantial measure of success, giving him place with the men of
affluence in his adopted city.

MRS. MIRANDA C. JEWELL.

Mrs. Miranda C. Jewell is one of the progressive business women of central Oregon.
Under the name of M. C. Jewell & Son she conducts one of the best greenhouses of
the state, her partner in the enterprise being her son Merle. Born in Jackson, Illinois,
Mrs. Jewell is a daughter of Jacob P. and Nancy (Gregg) Faubion, who were pioneer
settlers of that state. She pursued her primary education in the public schools of
Missouri, to which state her parents removed in her early childhood, there residing
until 1869, when the family came to Oregon. In 1871 she became the wife of Harry
Jewell, a native of England, who had located in Oregon in 1870.

From her earliest girlhood Mrs. Jewell was a lover of flowers and upon coming
to Oregon, the state of roses, she found ample opportunity to develop her love of all
that is beautiful in this phase of nature. Mr. Jewell, who is a miner, took up farm-
ing near Oregon City and in the excellent climate of that region Mrs. Jewell had ample
opportunity to raise flowers. After locating at The Dalles in 1900 she built a small
greenhouse and commenced growing choice flowers simply for her own use that she
might enjoy them. This, however, soon grew to be a business that now occupies the
greater part of her time and has become one of the most important enterprises of the
state. The greenhouse, which is located on Webster street at the corner of C street,
is the only one in central Oregon and commands a trade as far east as Pendleton and
also extending into the state of Washington. The firm owns modern water-heated

HISTORY OF OREGON 679

glass greenhouses, two of which are fifty by one hundred and twenty feet, and a third
thirty-two by fifty feet. The plant also has outdoor beds and a shipping department.
Bulbs, plants and cut flowers of every kind are at all times obtainable and a special
department is devoted to the production of vegetable plants. These florists make a
specialty of rare and beautiful flowers and no society function of The Dalles or this
section of the state is considered complete without decorations from the Jewell
greenhouse. They also furnish many floral pieces for funerals, and the business has
been developed to extensive proportions.

Mrs. Jewell, besides her son Merle, who is a partner in the greenhouse, has other
children, namely: Mrs. Grace Lowry of Canby, Oregon; Mrs. Nora Gard of Madras,
Oregon; Bertram; and Mrs. Edna Baker of The Dalles. The son Merle was married
to Fern Lamson, a native of Nebraska.

Mrs. Jewell is a member of the Christian church and also of the Eastern Star.
She likewise belongs to The Dalles Historical Society and the Woman's Relief Corps,
the auxiliary of the Grand Army of the Republic. Her interests and activities center
along those channels through which flows the greatest good to the greatest number
and she is constantly assisting some movement for the uplift of the individual and the
betterment of the community.

JOHN SMITH YORK.

John Smith York, who passed away in Portland, July 9, 1919, first became iden-
tified with the city in the fall of 1S97, and although his residence here was not con-
tinuous he was always well known and had many friends in the city. His later years
were here passed, his activities bringing him into close connection with the business
interests of Portland. He was born October 8, 1S70, in McMinnville, the county seat
of Warren county, Tennessee. His father, Landy York, was also a native of that
state and with his two brothers, Wiley and Washburn, he served with the Confederate
army in the Civil war, Wiley being killed at Perryville, Tennessee, while Washburn laid
down his life in defense of the principles which he had espoused at Gettysburg. Landy
York was wounded twice. The first time he escaped by hiding in a cave and on the
second occasion he, with two or three hundred others, was cut off by the federal troops.
When wounded he rode away and coming to a tree on the bank of a stream he con-
cealed himself amid its thick foliage, while his horse plunged into the water. The
men in pursuit, seeing his hat floating on the stream, believed that he was drowned,
while he listened to their conversation as he sat on a branch just over their heads.
Through exposure during the war, however, he lived but a short time after the cessa-
tion of hostilities. Washburn York, the father of these three brothers, resided at the
foot of the Cumberland mountains and was one of the slaveholders of that district.
Alvin York, a hero of the great World war so recently ended, was a representative of
this family. Landy York was united in marriage to Miss Martha Smith who was a
daughter of John Smith and was born in Tennessee. She suffered much hardship and
also loss of property during the Civil war while trying to care for the plantation
and her family of little ones, their home being within sound of the cannons' roar.
She died when her son John was a babe of nine months, and his eldest sister, Arminta,
took charge of the home and baby brother for four years when the father passed away
and the children went to live with an uncle.

Most of the boyhood of John S. York was spent in Tennessee working on the
plantation or farm, while his education was limited to the brief sessions of the district
schools which he attended whenever possible. In his early teens he went to Killeen.
Texas, to live with his aunt Fannie, his father's sister who had become the wife of
P. L. Duncan. At that place he had a few years' experience in the drug business in
connection with an uncle who was a physician, but seeing an opportunity to better
himself in the grocery business he became associated with a cousin, F. M. Duncan, in
that trade. Later he became proprietor of the store which he conducted for three or
four years and then sold, accepting a position as traveling salesman with the Behrens
Drug Company of Waco, Texas. He remained on the road as their representative for
about three years.

It was in the fall of 1897 that Mr. York first came to Portland and in 1898 went
with the first party to Nome, Alaska. In 1901 he returned to this city but immediately
afterward left for Dawson, Alaska, where he went into the general merchandise business

680 HISTORY OF OREGON

with a Mr. Keller, tor a year, then sold out to his partner and became manager for
the North American Trading & Transportation Company, which position he held for
five years. He enjoyed the highest esteem of the prospectors and miners of that
country and in fact was so highly regarded that he was frequently entrusted by the
mine:s with their pokes, containing thousands of dollars' worth of gold dust. One
who knew him well during his experience in the far north said: "He was always re-
garded as most capable, attentive to his duties, reliable, trustworthy and a fine, com-
panionable fellow." With his return to Portland in the fall of 1906 Mr. York became
aassociated with 0. C. R. Ellis in the real estate and hotel business and later engaged
in the confectionery business which he followed for a few years prior to his demise.
He was a progressive and thoroughly trustworthy business man and his experiences
during his sojourn in Alaska and in Portland were broad and varied.

The only relatives of Mr. York who left the native state for the Pacific northwest
were a nephew, Lee Grain of Portland and William Duncan, a cousin, who accom-
panied Mr. York to Alaska. The latter is now an oil man residing in Texas.

On the 20th of August, 1908, Mr. York was united in marriage to Mrs. Mary W.
Patton, a native of Portland and a daughter of Wilson L. and Sebina 0. Gaston. She
was also a niece of the late Joseph Gaston, the well known historian. Mrs. York holds
membership in the Congregational church. Mr. York was a Methodist in religious
belief, although not a church member, and at all times lived a life of practical Chris-
tianity, always seeking to follow closely the Golden Rule and never faltering in a choice
between right and wrong.

In his political belief Mr. York was a democrat up to the last five years of his
life when he gave his allegiance to the republican party but he was always inclined
to support the man whom he thought best qualified for the office, regardless of his
party relations.

SAMUEL LELAND EDDY.

Entering the employ of the Ladd & Tilton Bank of Portland in the capacity of
clerk on the 1st of August, 1907, faithfulness, devotion to duty and marked business
ability have won for Samuel Leland Eddy merited promotion until he now occupies
the office of vice president of that large financial institution and as such ranks with
the foremost figures in the business circles of the city. Actuated by a strong purpose
that will not permit him to stop short of the successful accomplishment of anything
he undertakes, his labors have at all times conformed to the strictest business ethics
and his work has been entirely of a constructive nature, never infringing upon the
rights nor privileges of another.

Mr. Eddy is a native of this state. He was born in Kings Valley, Benton county,
November 29, 1886, a son of Perry Eddy, whose birth occurred near St. Paul, Minne-
sota. The father emigrated to Oregon before the railroad was built from California
to this state. He made the journey from San Francisco to Portland by boat, arriving
here when the city was but a village. The mother, Mary A. (Frantz) Eddy, also
came to Oregon at a very early period in its settlement, making the journey across
the plains from Des Moines, Iowa, with her parents when an infant. The family
home was established in Kings Valley and it was at this period that Fort Hoskins
was maintained by the government in order to prevent the Indians from leaving the
Siletz reservation and menacing the white settlers.

In the public schools of his native county Samuel Leland Eddy pursued his
education, afterward attending the Oregon Agricultural College at Oorvallis. In
1905 he entered commercial circles as clerk in the grocery store of E. B. Horning,
of Corvallis, and in the following year conducted a general mercantile business at
Fort Hoskins. Removing to Portland he entered the employ of the Honeyman Hard-
ware Company as ledger clerk, thus continuing until the 1st of August, 1907, when
he became identified with the Ladd & Tilton Bank as clerk. Recognizing and utilizing
each opportunity presented for advancement he became credit manager on the 1st
of January, 1912. on the 1st of January, 1918, was made assistant cashier and since
the 1st of June, 1919, has occupied his present position as vice president. The com-
plex problems of banking are familiar to him, for comprehensive study and practical
experience have acquainted him with the various phases of the business and well
quality him for the successful conduct of the important interests under his control.

SAMUEL L. EDDY

HISTORY OP OREGON 683

The business of the bank is conducted along lines that constitute an even balance
between conservative measures and progressiveness and at the same time the policy
of the bank extends to its patrons every possible assistance commensurate with the
safety of the institution. He keeps in close touch with what is being done in all
departments and has succeeded in maintaining a high degree of efficiency in the
operation of the business. Mr. Eddy is also interested in other business enterprises
of note in the city, being a director of the Portland Vegetable Oil Company, the Kings
Food Products Company, the Stradivaria Phonograph Company, the Home Service
Company and the Portland Association of Credit Men. He is shrewd, systematic and
unquestionably honest and these qualities have gained him the respect and confi-
dence of the men who have had business dealings with him and have consequently
influenced the prosperity of the enterprises with which he is connected.

On the 4th of October, 1908, in Nortons, Lincoln county, Oregon, Mr. Eddy was
unitea in marriage to Miss Emma Edwards, a daughter of Norman Edwards, ana
they have become the parents of two children, Beatrice and Emma Jane, aged re-
spectively seven and five years.

Fraternally Mr. Eddy is identified with the Masonic order and his life is guided
by the beneficent teachings of the craft. His social nature finds expression in his
membership in the Arlington, City, Ad, University, Progressive Business Men's and
Irvington Clubs, and of the last named organization he is a director. He is preemi-
nently a business man whose record is written in terms of success and he is leaving
the impress of his individuality upon Portland's commercial and financial history,
many lines of activity being benefited through his efforts, his sound judgment and
his carefully formulated plans. There is no greater stimulus to individual activity
and enterprise than that which is found in the life history of Samuel Leland Eddy,
who has worked his way upward from a humble position in the business world and
his record is proof of the fact that merit and ability will come to the front any-
where.

WILLIAM HENRY ALBERT RENNER.

■William H. A. Renner, of Klamath Falls, was born at Greenbush, New York, Sep-
tember 3, 1863. His parents were Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Bohm, both of whom died
in Jo Daviess county, Illinois, when Mr. Renner was less than three years old. In
1864 he was legally adopted by Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Renner.

He read law in a law office for four years and was admitted to practice by the
Illinois supreme court, March 27, 1888, and has ever since been in active practice
in both state and federal courts.

He was married March 27, 1889, and is the father of Rex R., of Klamath Falls,
Oregon; Max W., of Bellingham, Washington; Alan M., of Chicago, Illinois; and
Wilma, of the Canal Zone.

JUDGE ROBERT SHARP BEAN.

Judge Robert Sharp Bean, who for eleven years has sat on the bench of the
United States district court in Oregon, has since 1882 been continuously connected
with the Judicial history of this state and has carved his name high on the keystone
of the legal arch. He was born on a farm in Yamhill county, Oregon. November 28,
1854, representing one of the old pioneer families of the state. His father, Obediah
R. Bean, was a native of Clay county, Missouri, born in 1832, and when a young man
of twenty years left the Mississippi valley en route for Oregon. After the long journey
was completed he took up his abode in Yamhill county and throughout his active life
followed the occupation of farming, becoming one of the representative agriculturists
of that section. In Yamhill county he married Julia Ann Sharp and both have now
passed away, the death of the father occurring in 1890 and that of the mother in 1908.
In political belief he was a republican and his position as a citizen was always on
the side of progress and improvement.

Judge Bean spent his youthful days in the usual manner of a farm bred boy,
living with his parents in Lane county, the family having there removed in 1855.

684 HISTORY OF OREGON

He was a pupil in the district schools and afterward attended the Christian College
at Monmouth, Oregon, from which he was graduated with the class of 1873. In fur-
ther preparation for the active and responsible duties of life, he entered the University
of Oregon and completed his course with the first graduating class — that of 1878. It
was in the same decade that Judge Bean was admitted to the bar prior to the con-
clusion of his university course. He located for practice in Eugene, where he re-
mained an active member of the profession until 1SS2, when recognition of the skill
and ability which he had displayed as a lawyer came to him in his election as circuit
judge of the second judicial district and he served on the bench in that capacity until
1890. In the latter year he was elected to the supreme court of the state, of which
he remained a member for nineteen years, and then in 1909 was appointed by President
Taft United States district judge of the district of Oregon and has since occupied that
position. His is indeed a notable record, covering thirty-eight years of judicial service.
It would be tautological in this connection to enter into any series of statements as
showing him to be an eminent judge, strictly fair and impartial in his rulings, for
this has been shadowed forth between the lines of this review, his long service on the
bench being unmistakable proof of his superior judicial qualities.

On the 7th of September, 1880, in Eugene, Oregon. Judge Bean was united in mar-
riage to Miss Ina E. Condon, a daughter of the late Professor Thomas Condon of the
University of Oregon. Their children are five in number: Condon Roy, who was born
in 1881 and is now in Los Angeles; Ormond R., Harold Cedric and Robert Douglas,
all of whom except Robert are graduates of the Oregon State University, while Harold
was also graduated from the Medical Department of Johns Hopkins University of
Baltimore, Maryland; and Ernest Gerald, who was born in 18S2 and has passed away.

Judge Bean is a member of the Arlington Club and in Masonry has attained the
Knight Templar degree. His political endorsement is given to the republican party
but he has never allowed political opinion to interfere in any way with the faithful
performance of his judicial duties. That he is a warm friend of the cause of education
has been manifest in many tangible ways and since 1882 he has been a member of the
board of regents of the University of Oregon and for the past twenty years has been
president of the board. His activities have constituted resultant factors in promoting
good citizenship and upholding the best interests of city and state in many connections
and Oregon is proud to number him among her native sons.

LOUIS LINCOLN LANE.

Louis Lincoln Lane of The Dalles is a native son of Oregon, born in Linn county
in 1861, his parents being Andrew W. and Indiana (Smith) Lane. The family is of
English extraction. The great-grandfather of Louis L. Lane came to America when
this country was still numbered among the colonial possessions of Great Britian in
order to enjoy religious freedom. He settled in Virginia and when the colonies sought
independence from the mother country he joined the American army and did his
part in winning the war. His son. David Lane, was born in Virginia and the same
military spirit was manifested in him by his service in the "War of 1812. David Lane
removed to Indiana in the period of pioneer development in that state and there
in 1830 Andrew W. Lane was born. After reaching his majority he migrated west-
ward, settling in Oregon in 1853 as a resident of Linn county. For many years he
there conducted business as a wagon maker. The Smith family, from whom Louis L,
Lane is descended in the maternal line, is also of English origin and the first record
of the family in America is found in Tennessee.

Louis L. Lane was educated in the common schools of Harrisburg, Linn county.
Oregon, and later moved to Springfield, Linn county, where he remained until he
was eighteen years of age, when the family home was established in Tygh Valley,
and there they resided for two years. With the exception of a nine years' sojourn in
Lassen county, California, Louis L. Lane has spent his life in Oregon and has con-
tributed largely to the upbuilding of the state. Belonging to a family of wagon
makers, he learned the trade and also the trades of wheelwright and blacksmith
from his father. In 1891 he removed to The Dalles, where he established a wagon
and blacksmith shop and was not long in building up a reputation as a master in his
line. Many stages, coaches and wagons which were built by him were prize winners
at the fairs and expositions held in this section of the country and added much to the

HISTORY OF OREGON 685

reputation of Oregon as an industrial center. Mr. Lane continued in that line of busi-
ness until 1906, when he became associated with F. M. Sexton under the firm style of
Lane & Sexton, in the conduct of a mercantile enterprise. Their store is the largest
of its kind in central Oregon. It is situated at the corner of Second and Jefferson
streets and is one hundred by one hundred feet, having a floor space of ten thousand
square feet. They carry a full line of shelf hardware, automobile accessories and
similar goods. They also have another building fifty by one hundred feet, which is
devoted to wagon building, plumbing and tinners' work and to general blacksmith work,
while still another building houses a full line of farm implements, tools and other
equipment to meet the farm needs. The trade of the firm covers all central Oregon
and extends into the river counties of Washington. In addition to his commercial
interests Mr. Lane has a farm comprising two hundred and eighty acres, forty ot
which are planted to fruit and this is a most productive tract of land.

In 1884 Mr. Lane was married to Miss Hattie E. Miller, a native of Pennsylvania
and a daughter of a Civil war veteran who was killed in battle. Mr. and Mrs. Lane
have one child, Gladys, who is now Mrs. Murray Carter and she has an infant son, the
pride of his grandparents.

Fraternally Mr. Lane is connected with the F. and A. M., the Odd Fellows, the
Knights ot Pythias and the Woodmen of the World. In politics he is not a partisan
but is always deeply interested in the welfare of town, county and state. While he
has never sought nor desired political preferment, he is an active member of the
Chamber of Commerce, keenly interested in every plan for civic advancement. No
list of the sterling merchants and representative citizens of Oregon is complete with-
out the name of Louis L. Lane, nor has his attention been confined wholly to business.
He recognizes that varied interests must constitute an even balance in life and each
year he and his wife take a holiday, traveling around for rest and entertainment and
thus gaining that broad and liberal culture and experience which only travel brings.

WHITNEY LYON BOISE.

For a third of a century Whitney Lyon Boise has been an active member of the
Portland bar and he has also contributed much to the development of the state through
the promotion of mortgage interests and is now chairman of the board of directors of
the State of Oregon Land Settlement Commission. Various other corporate interests
have felt the stimulus of his cooperation and have benefited by his judgment and
advice. He thoroughly knows the west and its opportunities, for he has been a life-
long resident of Oregon, his birth having occurred at Salem on the 6th of November,
1862, his parents being Reuben Patrick and Ellen Frances (Lyon) Boise. At the usual
age he became a pupil in the public schools of Ellendale, Polk county, Oregon, and
afterward continued his studies in La Creole Academy at Dallas, Oregon, while later
he became a student in the Willamette University at Salem and then attended the
University of Oregon. He completed his course in 1880, winning the Bachelor of
Science degree, and thus by liberal educational training was well qualified to take up
specific preparation for law practice. He became a law student in the office and under
the direction of Judge R. P. Boise of Salem and likewise studied with Judge Raleigh
Stott of Portland as his preceptor. In 1SS5 he was admitted to the bar at Salem and
opened a law ofiice in Portland, where. he has since continued, becoming a member
of the firm of Stott, Boise & Stott, his partners being Judge R. and Sam Stott. A
change in the partnership occurred three years later, when J. B. Waldo and Seneca
Smith were admitted to the firm under the style of Stott, Waldo, Smith, Stott & Boise,
a relation that was maintained until 1891, when the original title was resumed. In
1896 Sam Stott retired and George C. Stout entered the firm, the style becoming
Stott. Boise & Stout. Mr. Boise remained in his partnership connection until 1900
and since that time has practiced alone. He is an able lawyer, possessing compre-
hensive knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence, and at all times his deductions
are sound, his reasoning is logical and his arguments clear and cogent. Aside from
his active work as a member of the bar Mr. Boise has become identified with various
important business interests. He is now a director in the Hesse-Martin Iron Works, a
director of the W. B. Glafke Company, wholesale commission merchants, a director
in the Caravan Motor Company and a director of the Pacific Chemical Company. He
is likewise chairman of the board of directors of the State of Oregon Land Settlement

686 HISTORY OF OREGON

Commission, under the supervision of the bureau of farm lands. It was Mr. Boise who
was instrumental in securing the passage of the act through the Oregon legislature
in 1919. This commission is making a most close and scientific study of agriculture.
Broad-minded men had years before reached the conclusion that the development of
farming interests in the state was of the utmost importance. The Portland Chamber
of Commerce and the Oregon Agricultural College united their efforts in a constructive
plan that was later tied into the soldier settlement idea and given official sanction by
the Oregon state legislature in January, 1919. The Oregon Land Settlement Commis-
sion was then created with an appropriation of fifty thousand dollars to start opera-
tions. This system is based on a plan of easy payment for the financing of the
complete farm home business unit. The principle of farm management, as applied
by the state agricultural colleges for many years, to renovate broken down farm
enterprises, is simply expanded to cover the design and installation of new farms,
typical of the district in which they are located. The Oregon Land Settlement Com-
mission was determined to find a way to avoid all paternalistic or state colony methods
and to view the question from a broad commercial aspect. The commission first con-
sidered all phases of marketing, of crop rotation, of fertilization, of good roads and
transportation, of proper live stock breeding, of proper home conditions, of record
keeping and all other important details of this great industry in an endeavor to get
down to a solid foundation. The commission recognized that the matter of finance
wa'; largely the trouble with the business of agriculture and that to finance the busi-
ness it must necessarily be organized on some practical plan of farm management. The
great problem of the commission therefore was to design a typical farm business unit
that could be handled by a man of average intelligence, producing the revenue that
would pay for the business and for the home, over a reasonable period of years; then
to construct the unit, equip it with live stock and machinery and turn it over to the
purchaser as a going concern. After much study the commission put its ideas into
practical form by securing a sixty-two acre tract of land, cut out of the corner of an
old farm of much larger proportions and located on the Southern Pacific electrification
to Corvallis, two and a half miles south of Independence. There are three main fields
so designed that a rotation of crops can be conducted, pasturage for a small amount
of live stock is provided and a few acres were reserved for the farmstead, the orchard
and berry patch. The buildings are all of substantial construction, with every detail
carefully thought out, and every dollar expended that was necessary to make it com-
plete, yet not a dollar was spent that could be saved. The home was made attractive
with hot and cold running water, inside toilet and shower bath, and the other con-
veniences of the city residence. The place was provided with necessary tools and farm-
ing equipment and the chicken house and hog house were designed for cleanliness and
comfort. The question of saving every possible step in doing the chores was also taken
into consideration and the home was given every facility for the housewife effectively
to handle her work. It was found that the establishment of such a farm home business
unit required the outlay of ten thousand dollars. If one desires a farm of larger pro-
portions, it can be developed along equally commendable lines with increased capital-
ization. In a word the commission has reached the root of all matters. Production is
the chief source of the wealth of a country and its people. Seventy per cent of the
production in America comes from the farm and the Oregon Land Settlement Commis-
sion is showing the way to stabilize the business of agriculture through land settlement
on a well organized plan of farm management, similar to that applied for years by the
farm management department of the various state agricultural colleges. Throughout
the period of his residence in Portland Mr. Boise has been interested in those projects
which have had to do with the development and upbuilding of city and state. He was a
member of the committee sent by the management of the Lewis and Clark Exposition
to Washington to secure a congressional appropriation for the exposition and aided in
successfully accomplishing the mission. He was the organizer of the East Side Civic
Improvement Clubs and was elected the first president of the United East Side Improve-
ment Associations, consisting of thirty civic organizations, which have exerted a con-
trolling influence in municipal affairs in that quarter of the city. His military activities
have been confined to membership with Company K of the old Oregon militia and four
years' connection with the Oregon National Guard, following its organization.

In politics llr. Boise has ever been a republican and has done most effective and
earnest work in various campaigns. He was a member of the local committee from
1890 until 1894 and from 1892 until 1894 of the state central committee, during which
period he acted as its chairman. He was made chairman of the republican county

HISTORY OF OREGON 687

committee of Multnomah county in 1904, thus serving for two years, and he was a
member of the executive board of Portland under Mayor Williams from 1903 until 1905.
It was his influence with the state legislators that secured the enactment of the bill
providing for the Oregon Land Settlement Commission.

Ou the 3d of July, 1900, Mr. Boise was married to Miss Louise H. Hawthorne, a
daughter of Dr. J. C. Hawthorne, a prominent Portland physician, who for twenty
years had charge of the hospital for the insane in this city and who was one of the
largest owners of east side property in Portland. Mrs. Boise belongs to St. David's
Episcopal church. Mr. Boise is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, also of the
Meadow Lake Club and the Arlington Club and is appreciative of the social amenities
of life. During the war period he took active part in connection with the bond and
Red Cross drives. It would be impossible to measure the extent of his influence until
many of the activities with which he is now connected have reached their full fruition
in the development and upbuilding of the state. Opportunity has ever been to him
a call to action. Moreover, he is constantly and closely studying conditions which affect
the general welfare and his aid and influence are ever on the side of progress, reform
and improvement, nor is he content at any time to choose the second best. His ideals
are always of the highest and along most practical lines he strives for their achieve-
ment.

REV. WALTER TAYLOR SUMNER, D. D.

Rev. Walter Taylor Sumner, Episcopal bishop of Oregon and a resident of Portland,
was born in Manchester, New Hampshire, December 5. 1873, his parents being Charles
Davenport and Rintha (Thompson) Sumner. Liberal educational opportunities were
accorded him which he eagerly improved, winning his Bachelor of Science degree upon
graduation from Dartmouth College in 1898, after which he entered the Western Theolog-
ical Seminary at Chicago and was graduated therefrom in 1904. The degree of D. D.
was first conferred upon him by Northwestern University in 1912, by Dartmouth Col-
lege in 1913 and by the Western Theological Seminary in 1915. He was made a deacon
in 1903 and a priest of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1904. He served as secretary
to the bishop of Chicago from 1903 until 1906 and was pastor of St. George's church of
that city from 1904 until 1906. He became dean of the Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul
and was superintendent of city missions of the Episcopal church at Chicago from
1906 until 1915. On the 6th of January of the latter year he was consecrated Bishop of
Oregon. He is a broad-minded man whose high purposes are manifest not only in
the conduct of the church's affairs and the extension of its work but in various connec-
tions with those interests which are working for the betterment of social and civic
conditions. While in Chicago he was a member of the board of education of that city
from 1909 until 1915 and was the originator as well as chairman of the Chicago
Municipal Vice Commission, seeking to present remedies which would check the vice
of the city. He was also the first vice president and a member of the executive com-
mittee of the Juvenile Protective Association, was chairman of the general advisory
and west side advisory committees of the United Charities of Chicago and was president
of the Wendell Phillips Social Settlement for colored people. He likewise belonged to
the Men's Institute of Chicago; was secretary of the Church Association in the Interests
of Labor; was a trustee of the Church Home for Aged Persons; chairman of the
Diocesan Social Service Commission and one of the trustees of the Tribune Lodging
House for Unemployed Men. He served on the joint committee which had in charge
the work in connection with the payment of prisoners, the consideration of the ques-
tion of loan sharks and child labor. He was on the advisory committee of the Citizens'
Health Association, the Chicago Children's Benefit League, the Illinois Industrial Home
for Girls and was state representative of Illinois at the International Prison Confer-
ence. He also was made a member of the advisory council of the Boy Scouts of
America; was one of the directors of the Forward Movement Home for Boys; a member
of the advisory board and chaplain of the Three Arts Club of Chicago; was chaplain
of the First Illinois Cavalry of the Illinois National Guard until 1915; and thus into
many fields extended his labors, carefully studying the economic conditions, the sociolog-
ical and civic problems which affect every individual and constitute forces of detri-
ment or benefit to the public welfare. He stands among those progressive men of the
ministry who have long since passed beyond the point where the conduct of church

688 HISTORY OF OREGON

services constitutes ministerial activity. The scope of his labors has indeed been most
comprehensive and his efforts at all times resultant.

In Chicago, on the 1st of January, 191S, Bishop Sumner was united in marriage to
Miss Myrtle Mitchell, of Negaunee, Michigan. He belongs to the University Club of
Chicago and also to the University Club of Portland. It would be tautological in this
connection to enter into any series of statements showing him to be a man of broad
scholarly attainments, for this has been shadowed forth between the lines of this review.
•He is not only a student of theology but of life, his being that type of practical Chris-
tianity which recognizes the force of environment, of training and of influence and
which recognizes as well the fact that the seed of good if not active lies dormant in
every individual and may burst forth into being in the sunshine of proper conditions.

HON. A. M. LA FOLLETTE.

Those forces which have contributed most to the development, improvement and
benefit of the state of Oregon have received impetus from the labors of Hon. A. M.
La Follette, whose life record has been a credit and honor to the state which has hon-
ored him. For many years he has been a member of the state senate of Oregon, his
long retention in this office indicating the value of his services as a legislator and his
public-spirited devotion to the general good. He has done much to shape public
thought and opinion and is leaving the impress of his individuality upon the history
of the state. He also occupies a prominent position as a horticulturist, conducting
his operations along that line on a most extensive scale and being known as the
"peach king of Oregon."

Mr. La Follette is a native of Indiana. He was born in Crawfordsville, Decem-
ber 19, 1844, and moved to Calaveras county, California, in 1853, with his parents,
David H. and Cynthia Ann (Railsback) La Follette, who crossed the plains in 1852,
first locating in Nevada. In 1859 they removed to Oregon. While residing in Cali-
fornia the father engaged in mining at Volcano, in Amador county. On coming to
Oregon the family located at Dallas, where they remained for a year, and then moved
to the district near Salem, where they spent the winter, going in the spring of the
following year to the Mission Bottom section, taking up their abode upon a tract
of three hundred and ten acres of land, which is now the property of the subject
of this review. The land was originally owned by the mission fathers, who settled
thereon about 1833, and many signs of their occupancy are still unearthed when
cultivating the soil. A monument will no doubt be erected on the site in the near
future to preserve the memory of the early occupants. David H. La Follette devoted
his life to farming and passed away at McMinnville at the age of eighty-three years,
his wife's demise occurring at Mission Bottom when she was sixty-four years of
age. They became the parents of seven children: A. M., of this review; Mrs. Irene
Tilden, who resides in Humboldt county, California; Susan, who married a Mr. Reale
of Stockton, California; Ollie, who became the wife of H. W. Scott of Cherry Grove,
Oregon; Brant, deceased; Emma, the deceased wife of Simon Wall of Gaston, Oregon;
and Mary, who has also passed away.

In the public schools of California A. M. La Follette pursued his education, com-
pleting his studies at Willamette University of Salem, Oregon. On starting out in
life independently he took up the occupation of farming, which he has successfully fol-
lowed along the most progressive and scientific lines, specializing in the raising of
fruit. He has thirty acres in loganberries, cherries, peaches and apples, and was
the first man in the state to cultivate loganberries for commercial purposes. He has
been particularly successful in the raising of peaches, growing forty-one varieties of
that fruit, fifteen of his peaches weighing sixteen pounds and one ounce. In 1919
he shipped eighteen thousand boxes of peaches and is known as the "peach king of
Oregon." At the State Fair in 1898 he received all five premiums for produce grown
on the farm, the prizes being a Studebaker buggy with rubber tires; a registered
cow and a registered Jersey bull; a disc harrow: and a garden cultivator. He is
interested in all modern developments along agricultural and horticultural lines
and has equipped his farm with the most approved labor-saving machinery, for he
believes in scientific methods and keeps abreast of the times in every way. His
labors have always been constructive and intelligently carried forward and have re-
sulted in placing him in the front rank of progressive farmers.

HON. A. M. LA FOLLETTE

HISTORY OP OREGON 691

On the 2d of November, 1S65, Mr. La Follette was united In marriage to Miss
Margaret Townsend, a native ot Oregon, who passed away in 1917 at their town home
in Salem. She was the eldest in a family of eight children, the others being: Jose-
phine, the wife of William Reeves of Independence, Oregon; Melinda, who married
John Wickham of lone, Oregon; Marion, a resident of Portland; La Fayette, a promi-
nent farmer and stockman residing at Mission Bottom; Amanda, the wife of G. Lake
of Salem; Ann, also a resident of Salem; and Minnie, who married John Dimmick of
Hubbard, Oregon. Mrs. La Follette became the mother of the following children: Joseph
W. of Salem, who married Anna McGhie, a native of California, by whom he has
two children, Susie and Gladys; Marion, who met an accidental death as the result
of a gunshot wound; Perry L., who wedded Phoebe Hughes, a native of New York,
and has two children, Merle and Earl; Clyde M., who is representing Yamhill
county in the state legislature and who married Luella Nash, a native of Minnesota,
by whom he has six children, Marie, Violet, Clarence, Alexander, Thelma and Doro-
thy; Ina E., who attended the La Fayette Seminary and a business college and is
now presiding over her father's home; Charles Roy, who married Mary Kavanaugh, a
native of California, and has five children, Charles Roy, Carl, Pearl, Margaret and
Lewis; Elva M., who married Britt Aspenwall, by whom she has one child, Marion,
their home being at Mission Bottom; and Grace M.

In politics Mr. La Follette is a republican and in 1SS7 he was called to public
office, being elected a member of the house of representatives, where he served a two-
year term, and in 1903 he was reelected, serving through the special session after
the regular term of two years. In 1915 he was chosen a member of the state senate
and subsequent re-elections have continued him in office, his present term expiring in
1923. No better testimonial as to his worth and ability could be given than the fact
that he has so long been retained in the state legislature, where his career has been
a most creditable one. He carefully studies the problems which come up for settle-
ment and gives his earnest support to all bills which he believes will prove beneficial
to the commonwealth. He regards a man in public office as a servant of the people
and is using his influence to carry out the will of his constituents, never using his
talents unworthily nor supporting a dishonorable cause. He is one of the most
active and influential members of the state senate and through his efforts has suc-
ceeded in promoting much beneficial and constructive legislation. He is interested
in all that has to do with public progress, whether in relation to community, state
or nation, and his aid and influence are always on the side of advancement and im-
provement. He is always loyal to any cause which he espouses and faithful to every
duty and in every relation of life he measures up to the highest standards of man-
hood and citizenship. He is a second cousin of Senator Robert La Follette of Wis-
consin and on the 15th of August, 1919, he attended a reunion of the La Follette
family at Crawfordsville, Indiana, where over five hundred members of the family
were assembled. He has in his possession a photograph of the gathering, which
he prizes very highly.

WILLIAM S. FERGUSON.

William P. Ferguson, who throughout his life has successfully engaged in farming
and is now living at Athena, was born near Holden, Johnson county. Missouri. July 1,
1S67, a son of James M. and Mary M. (Marquis) Ferguson. The father was born on
the 4th of April. 1844, in Missouri, and the mother was a native of Lawrence, Kansas.
The boyhood of James M. Ferguson was spent in Missouri, in which state his marriage
later took place. In 1862 James M. Ferguson enlisted in the Union army, in Company
E, Twelfth Kansas Volunteer Infantry, under command of General Steel, and he was
active in many of the important battles of the war throughout Missouri, Kansas and
Arkansas. In 1865 he was mustered out in Missouri. He then went to Kansas, where
he was married in December of the same year, and he engaged in farming for some
time. Mr. and Mrs. Ferguson later removed to Bates county, Missouri, where they
farmed until 1878, when they came west, arriving in Umatilla county on the 8th of
August, that year. They settled four miles from where Adams now stands, this location
being at that time a wild open prairie. It was all stock country and Pendleton was
the trading point. James M. Ferguson obtained some land on the Northern Pacific
branch, squatters rights, which he improved, later sold and re«noved to near Adams,

692 HISTORY OF OREGON

where he purchased one hundred and sixty acres, to which he added until he had eight
hundred acres of well improved land. In 1893 he sold his ranch and moved to Pendle-
ton and here lived retired until he was seventy-seven years of age, when his death
occurred on the 9th of April 1921. The mother is living, being seventy-two years of
age. Mr. Ferguson was a stanch republican and maintained an interest in all of the
community affairs. He was a representative citizen of Pendleton, as is his widow.

William S. Ferguson left Missouri with his parents when he was but ten years of
age and received his education in the public schools of Umatilla county. In 1888 he
entered the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he took a two year course,
and after putting his textbooks aside he returned to Umatilla county and leased land,
but in 1898 began buying. He is now in possession of twelve hundred and eighty acres
of wheat land in the vicinity of Athena and throughout Umatilla county.

Mr. Ferguson has been twice married, his first marriage having taken place in
1895, when Miss Josephine Harrington became his wife. Two children were born to
this union: Geneva and Lynn. In 1910 Mr. Ferguson was married to Mrs. Minnie
Andre, daughter of Albert H. Robie of Boise, Idaho.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Ferguson the right of franchise he has given his
allegiance to the republican party, in the interests of which he has taken an active
part. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masons, being a Knight Templar and having
attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He is likewise an Elk. Mr.
Ferguson was at one time prominent in the financial circles of Athena as vice president
and director of the First National Bank, but his interest in this organization he has
sold and devotes his entire time to his agricultural interests.

HAROLD A. MOSER.

Harold A. Moser is well known in business circles of Portland as a certified pub-
lic accountant, and is regarded as an expert in his line of work. He was born in
Mendota, Illinois, September 25, 1865, the third in a family of five children. His
father, Jacob Moser, was born in Switzerland and about 1S51 emigrated to America,
taking up his residence in Ohio, where he engaged in business as a contractor and
builder. He married Louisa S. Eichner, a native of Ohio. Her parents resided in
Germany and in the '30s they came to America, locating at Navarre, Ohio. Follow-
ing their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Moser left Ohio for Illinois, where the birth of their
son Harold occurred and in 1872 they removed to Kansas, settling at Hays, where
they resided for ten years. At that period Kansas was a frontier state and the stamp-
ing ground of many of the noted characters that figured in the early border history.
In 1882 Jacob Moser came to Portland and was here joined by his family in the
following year. In this city he followed contracting and building for some time,
later organizing the Standard box factory. He is now living retired in Portland at
the age of eighty-six years and his wife also survives.

In the public schools of Hays, Kansas, Harold A. Moser acquired his early edu-
cation, after which he pursued a course in a commercial college of Portland. Becoming
an expert bookkeeper and accountant he has been connected with some of the large
financial and industrial institutions of Portland. For three years he was bookkeeper
and second assistant treasurer for the Northwestern General Electric Company, after
which he entered the employ of the Burrell Investment Company, with whom he re-
mained for ten years and then became cashier for the Portland Flouring Mills Com-
pany, continuing with that concern for a period of five years. For the past twelve
years he has been engaged in business independently as a certified public accountant
and his services are much in demand by the leading business firms of the city, for
he is a recognized expert in the line of work in which he specializes.

In Portland, on the 23d of April, 1895, Mr. Moser was united in marriage to Miss
Agnes J. Fitzpatrick, a daughter of John Fitzpatrick, of this city. The two children
of this union are George H. and Mary Louise. For one and a half years the son
served with the American Expeditionary Force in France, being attached to Head-
quarters Company, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Field Artillery. His military record
is most creditable. For four months he was continuously at the front, participating
in four major engagements which included the Champaigne-Marne, Aisne-Marne,
St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne battles and he was also in the defensive sector. For his
distinguished service on the field of battle he was awarded the five-bar Victory medal

HISTORY OF 0REC40N 693

and following the signing of the armistice he served for six months at Coblenz, Ger-
many, with the army of occupation. He is now filling the position of salesman with
the Fahey & Brockman Company of Portland.

The family is noted for its patriotism and devotion to country and in 1885 Harold
A. Moser enlisted in the Oregon National Guard. He was commissioned second lieu-
tenant June 3, 1SS7, and on the 11th of April, 188S, was promoted to the rank of first
lieutenant, being assigned to Company E, of the First Infantry. On the 7th of No-
vember, 1888, he resigned his commission and was not active in military circles until
the recent World war, when he joined the Multnomah Guards, a patriotic organization
and became sergeant of Company D. He attended the second officers training camp
at Eugene and in his report of Mr. Moser's qualifications the commandant of the
camp made the following statement: "He is past the age for obtaining a commission
in the combatant forces, although he is physically one of the strongest men in the
camp and one of the most active. I very strongly recommend this gentleman's name
for favorable consideration it any commissions are being given to men of fifty years
of age. He is an exceptionally capable soldier with a high type of brain, considerable
organizing ability, a splendid shot, a fine personality and would make a first-rate
officer, one of the best men in this officers' camp."

(Signed) Lieutenant Colonel John Leader, Commandant
Late Commander Royal Irish Rifles.

Mr. Moser is intensely interested in military tactics and may be termed a civilian
soldier. His hobby is rifie shooting and he is an expert shot, being regarded as an
authority on firearms. In his political views he is independent, voting for the man
whom he regards as best qualified for office without regard to party affiliation and in
religious faith he is a Catholic. He is a member of the Oregon State Society of Cer-
tified Accountants of which at various times he has served as president, secretary and
director and also holds membership with the American Institute of Accountants. He
is likewise identified with the Portland and Sellwood Rifle Clubs and the National
Rifle Association of America. Industry has been the key which has unlocked for Mr.
Moser the portals of success. Thoroughness and diligence have characterized all of
his work and in business circles he has become recognized as a man to be trusted.
He has always stood for progress and improvement in affairs relating to the upbuilding
of town, county and commonwealth and he ranks with the loyal, patriotic and public-
spirited citizens as well as the progressive business men of Portland.

ANDREW McCORNACK COLLIER.

As president of the First National Bank at Merrill and vice president of the
First National Bank at Klamath Falls, Andrew McCornack Collier occupies a leading
position in the financial circles of the state. He is a native son of Oregon, having been
born in Eugene on the 15th of November, 1890, and since 1913 he has made his home
in Klamath Falls. His parents are Charles M. and Janet (McCornack) Collier and his
grandfather Professor George H. Collier. The history of Oregon's educational sys-
tem would not be complete without mention of Professor Collier, who devoted a large
part of his life to the work. Professor Collier came to Oregon from Ohio, in which
state his family were pioneers, and having been professor of science in Oberlin Col-
lege, Ohio, he immediately stepped into a responsible position at the Pacific University,
at Forest Grove, and subsequently became professor of chemistry and physics at the
University of Oregon and Collier Hall on the campus of that great institution was
named in his honor. The maternal ancestors of Andrew McCornack Collier are of
Scotch descent and the family is an old and honored one in America. The Oregon
branch of the family crossed the plains by ox teams, arriving in Oregon in the early
'50s. They were among the earliest pioneers of this state and of Lane county in par-
ticular. Charles M. Collier devoted his talents to civil engineering, serving as engi-
neer and surveyor of Lane county for twenty-seven years, and as an alert, energetic
and enterprising man he carried every undertaking forward to successful completion.
He is now practically retired from active work in his profession but occasionally as-
sists the government of the United States in the survey of public lands.

In the public schools of his native city Andrew M. Collier acquired his education,
later pursuing a course in the University of Oregon, from which institution he was
graduated with the degree of B. A. in 1913. He majored in political economy and the

694 HISTORY OF OREGON

year of his graduation accepted a position as bookkeeper in the First National Bank
at Klamath Falls. His rise in that connection was rapid and in 1915 he was promoted
to assistant cashier and became a director of the institution. Five years later he was
made vice president of the bank. Mr. Collier attributes his marked success to luck
but those who know him attribute it to his own determined efforts, intelligently di-
rected. Mr. Collier is also prominently identified with the financial interests of Mer-
rill as president of the First National Bank there. As president of the Klamath Ice
and Storage Company and secretary of the Lakeside Land Company he is active in
the conduct of two of the most important commercial enterprises of Klamath Falls.
The latter company has played an important part in the development and improve-
ment of Klamath county, for it put under cultivation six thousand acres of land on
the lake near Malin. This land was divided into forty-acre tracts and sold to farmers
under whose care it developed into valuable farm property, and to the success of this
project is attributed the added increase in population and industrial progress. Mr.
Collier is likewise associated with the Swan Lake Lumber Company, of which he is
a director, the Associated Lumber and Box Company and numerous other business
organizations.

In 1916 occurred the marriage of Mr. Collier and Miss Georgia L. Porter, a native
of Iowa, and a daughter of G. F. Porter. Her father recently located in Klamath
Falls, coming from Afton, Iowa, where he was postmaster for several years. Two
children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Collier: Marie Genevieve and Carolyn. In
the social circles of Klamath Falls Mrs. Collier takes a prominent part. She is a
member of most of the clubs in the city and takes particular Interest in the activities
of the P. E. 0. sisterhood. Her home is a social center and she is readily conceded
to be a gracious hostess and model mother.

The political allegiance of Mr. Collier is given to the republican party and fra-
ternally he is identified with the Elks, being treasurer of the local order. He is treas-
urer and director of the Chamber of Commerce, in the interests of which he is par-
ticularly active and during the World war he took an active part in all drives, was
chairman of the Victory Loan and county director for sale of War Savings Stamps
drives, and in addition gave generously of his money. The family are consistent mem-
bers of the Presbyterian church and Mr. Collier is chairman of its board of trustees.
Although the many business interests of Mr. Collier leave him but little spare time,
he is a great iover of outdoor sports and whenever possible finds enjoyment in shoot-
ing ducks and fishing. Since early childhood he has been an earnest and industrious
worker and even during his college days took a prominent part in campus activities,
at the same time keeping well ahead in his studies. He had the distinction of being
elected manager of the Emerald, the daily paper of the student body, and of the
Oregona, the University year book. Since leaving college his business ability has con-
tinued to develop and as president of the First National Bank of Merrill he very prob-
ably enjoys the distinction of being the youngest bank president in Oregon.

Mr. Collier and his associates have recently planned and erected in Klamath
Falls one of the most modern store buildings on the coast. In his public-spirited
manner Mr. Collier is playing a prominent part in the growth and progress of Kla-
math county.

ANDRE^W M. ELAM.

One of the pioneer agriculturists of Umatilla county, whose labor for many years
contributed toward the development of this section of the state, is Andrew M. Elam,
who is now living retired in his home in Milton, enjoying the fruits of his former
industry. He is a native of Tennessee, his birth having occurred in McNary county
on the 4th of June, 1840, a son of Andrew and Margaret Elam.

Andrew M. Elam spent his boyhood days in Tennessee, where he received what
education the times afforded. He later left the parental roof and started out into
the world on his own account, going to Texas, where he engaged in the stock
business at Ft. Worth and the Brazos river country. He enlisted in the Confederate
army in 1861, belonging at first to the infantry but later being transferred to the
cavalry. He participated in some of the important battles of Texas. Arkansas, and
Louisiana, and at the close of the war returned to Granbury, Texas, and resumed
the stock business. In the spring of 1865 he was married and a year later started

HISTORY OP OREGON (i07

out for the northwest. The journey was made overland with mule teams, requiring
six months to make the trip, and on the way they experienced many Indian scares
and Mr. Elam clearly recalls the attack on Ft. Kearny, although he did not partici-
pate in any of the fighting. Arriving in Oregon, he settled where Milton now stands,
remaining there for one year. He then spent eight years in Portland, conducting
a livery stable, and after selling this business returned to Milton and purchased sixty
acres of land. He later bought an additional eighty-acre tract, to which he added from
time to time, until he was owner of five hundred and sixty acres, well improved.
For eight years Mr. Elam was active in the conduct of his farm, which he now leases.
Mr. Elam was the first mayor of the town of Milton, being elected to that office
when the town was organized. During his administration he promoted many plans
for the improvement of the community. He has been prominent in the business, as
well as the agricultural circles of Milton, and was one of the organizers of the
Peacock Milling Company, which he managed for some fourteen years and also trav-
eled for the company. He built the Elam block, the Farmers Security Bank and other
buildings and was one of the organizers of the First National Bank, of which he has
been a director since its organization. The success of the bank seemed assured from
the outset and its business has increased until it now extends over a large territory.
Mr. Elam owns one of the fine residences in Milton and is also in possession of much
town property. He has seen the country grow from a vast prairie to a highly
cultivated farm land and during the early days of his residence here he often partici-
pated in Indian troubles and skirmishes which took place on the very land where
now stand prosperous and progressive towns.

On November 8, 1865, Mr. Elam was married to Miss Martha Frazier, a daughter
of William and Paulina (Williams) Frazier, and a native of Harding county, Ten-
nessee. Mrs. Elam removed to Texas with her parents at an early date and later
crossed the plains with them. She and her husband first settled in Milton with her
parents, and there her parents resided until death. The father of Mrs. Elam pur-
chased government land and he was foremost in establishing the town of Milton.
He built a log home on some of this land, donated a suflScient amount of ground for
a post office, and gave seven acres for the Miller mill. For some years previous to his
removal to Milton Mr. Elam ran stock over to the Snake river country. Two children
were born to Mr. and Mrs. Elam: Mrs. J. H. Piper of Milton, and Bertie E.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Elam the right of franchise he has been a stanch
supporter of the democratic party, in the activities of which he has taken a prominent
part. His fraternal affiliation is with the Masons. Mr. Elam is a public-spirited
citizen, well known throughout the county as one of its most enterprising men and
at all times ready to give the benefit of his influence to any measure seeking the
advancement of the best interests of his state and community.

JAMES B. KERR.

This is preeminently an age of specialization. There are comparatively few men
who attempt to cover the entire scope of any professfon but concentrate their efforts
along a given line with the result that they attain a much higher degree of efficiency
than could otherwise be achieved. In accordance with this trend of modern thought
and custom, James B. Kerr has become a corporation lawyer and has reached an
eminent position in his chosen field. His mind is naturally analytical and the thor-
oughness with which he studies and prepares a case has constituted one of the vital
forces in the attainment of his present-day success, which places Sim among the emi-
nent members of the Portland bar.

A native of Wisconsin, James B. Kerr was born in Belolt, September 28, 1867.
His father, Alexander Kerr, was a native of Scotland and in 1835 cr.me to the new
world, establishing his home in Winnebago county, Illinois, and afterward removing
northward to Beloit, Wisconsin. In the acquirement of his education he attended the
Beloit College, from which he was graduated, and devoting his life to educational work,
he was appointed professor of Greek in the University of Wisconsin in 1870. He re-
mained a member of the faculty for many years and after passing the eightieth mile-
stone on life's journey was made professor emeritus. He passed away in 1919, while
his wife, Mrs. Katharine Kerr, died in 1891, at the age of fifty-seven years. She was
a native of Massachusetts and a daughter of Hope Brown, who became a home mis-

698 HISTORY OF OREGON

sionary in Illinois in pioneer times in the middle west. To Professor and Mrs. Kerr
were born two sons, one of these being Charles H. Kerr.

The Portland representative of the family, James B. Kerr, completed his literary
training in the University of Wisconsin, from which he was graduated in 1889 with
the Bachelor of Arts degree, and the following year the Master of Arts degree was
conferred upon him. He also studied law in the state university and finished the
course in 1S92, after which he entered upon active practice in Madison, Wisconsin, as
a member of the law firm of Spooner, Sanborn & Kerr. For four years he maintained
that connection and then removed to St. Paul, where he was made general land attor-
ney for the Northern Pacific Railway Company. In 1900 he was appointed assistant
general counsel for that railroad and so continued until 1907. However, in 1905 he
went to Vancouver, Washington, where for two years he represented the J. J. Hill
interests in their litigation over the North Bank road.

Mr. Kerr dates his residence in Portland from 1907, at which time he entered
into partnership relations with Judge Charles H. Carey, under the firm style of Carey
& Kerr. They concentrated upon corporation practice, representing all of the Hill
lines of the northwest, including the Oregon Trunk Railway Company, the Oregon
Electric Railway and also the Northern Pacific Railway Company. Mr. Kerr continues
as an active factor in corporation law practice, having ever made his professional
duties his foremost interest, yet at times he has extended his activities and invest-
ments into other fields.

On the 5th of September, 1893, Mr. Kerr was married in Madison, Wisconsin,
to Miss Mabel Bushnell, a daughaer of Hon. Allen R. Bushnell, who formerly repre-
sented Wisconsin in congress. The two children of this marriage are Katharine and
Elizabeth. The parents are members of Trinity Episcopal church and Mr. Kerr is
serving as a member of its vestry. He belongs to the Chi Psi, the Phi Delta Phi and
the Phi Beta Kappa, college fraternities, and he is also a member of the Arlington, the
University, the Waverly and Multnomah Amateur Athletic Clubs. Along strictly pro-
fessional lines he is connected with the county and state bar associations. During
the period of the World war he was chairman of the Portland Chapter of the American
Red Cross for a two-year period and was most active in promoting the various bond
drives. He stands as a splendid type of the high ideals in American citizenship — a
man who recognizes his obligations and responsibilities as well as his opportunities
and who has so divided his time that the interests of life are given due relative
attention.

JACOB PITTENGER.

Jacob Pittenger has been identified with the northwest for thirty-seven years. He
became a resident of Portland in 1S83 and although in the intervening period he has
spent a number of years in Alaska he is again making his home in the Rose City.
His birth occurred in Wayne county, Ohio, January 6, 1S50, his parents being John
S. and Mary (Garver) Pittenger who were also natives of the Buckeye state, the
former being a son of Thomas Pittenger whose birth occurred in Virginia.

Jacob Pittenger spent his youthful days in Ohio where he acquired his educa-
tion in the public and select schools. His youth was largely passed in Medina county,
to which place his father had removed when he was but a year old. After his text-
books were put aside he there followed farming until 1S71, when he removed to Michi-
gan where he was engaged in the produce business.

In the year previous to his removal Mr. Pittenger was married to Miss Emma
Auble, a daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Rodebaugh) Auble. Five children were born
to them, one of whom died in infancy. The other four are living, these being Ollie
and W. A., both of Portland; J. J., a practicing dentist of Astoria; and Maude Bell,
the wife of E. J. Williams of Ketchikan, Alaska. The parents celebrated their golden
wedding anniversary on the 14th of April, 1920.

After establishing his home in Michigan Mr. Pittenger there remained for six
years as a produce merchant, returning to Ohio in 1876. He then concentrated his
efforts and attention upon agricultural pursuits, living on the family homestead which
he continued to occupy and operate until December, 18S3. He then disposed of his
interests in Ohio and came to the Pacific coast, settling at Portland, Oregon. Soon
afterwards he was appointed deputy postmaster of the town of Albina and filled the

HISTORY OF OREGON 699

office for a year. He then engaged in the carriage business in Portland as salesman
for the Abbott Buggy Company of Chicago, filling that position for a number of years.
He also established a livery business which he conducted for a time, but about 1890
disposed of his business interests in Portland. Through the succeeding year he was
a member of the city council, serving on the first consolidated council of Portland.
Later he worked on the Burnside and Steel drawbridges over the Willamette river
and so continued for two years. In January, 1S9S, he went to Skagway, Alaska, on
the first voyage of the Steamship Oregon and for two years remained in the north.
In 1900 he returned to Portland but later in the same year went to Ketchikan, Alaska,
where he continued to make his home until 1917. During that period he was engaged
in the dairy business, having shipped several head of cows from Portland. He was
one of the pioneer dairymen of the district and successfully conducted the business
for thirteen years, his efforts being crowned with a substantial measure of prosperity.
Moreover, he was one of the builders of the town of Ketchikan, taking up his abode
there when it was scarcely a hamlet. He contributed much to its development and
progress and aided largely in shaping its policy and molding its destiny. Nine times
he was elected a member of the city council of that place and three times was elected
by the council to the office of mayor of Ketchikan. He also served on the school board
and gave his hearty aid and cooperation to every project and plan for the general
good. Returning to Portland in 1917 he has since lived retired in this city, enjoying
in well earned rest the fruits of his former toil. He has many old friends here and
is constantly making new ones, enjoying at all times the high regard and goodwill
of those with whom he has come into contact. He is an exemplary representative of
Oregon Lodge, No. 101, A. P. & A. M. and he has always given his political allegiance
to the republican party, believing that its platform contains the best elements of
good government.

HARLEY COLEMAN ROTHROCK.

Harley Coleman Rothrock, residing on his farm three miles north of Adams in
Umatilla county, was born on this place on the 8th of September, 1883, a son of Lewis
and Ida (Bolin) Rothrock. The father was born in 1850 in Springfield, Illinois, while
the mother is a native of Willamette valley. Lewis Rothrock lived with his father
and stepmother In Iowa and when he was fifteen years of age they crossed the plains
in ox drawn wagons, joining a wagon train at Springfield, Missouri. The train fol-
lowed the old Oregon Trail and the settlers experienced many Indian scares. Their
horses were driven off and likewise some of their cattle but they managed to escape
massacre. An incident of this journey which nearly resulted in destruction of the
entire wagon train occurred when a member of the train shot an Indian squaw.
The Indians demanded the surrender of this man and he was turned over to them,
concession to this demand being the only way in which the other members of the
train could save their lives. On reaching Wyoming the train divided and the Roth-
rock family continued on the Oregon Trail, finally settling near Salem. Here Lewis
Rothrock resided with his parents for two years, at the end of which time he removed
to Umatilla county and engaged in freighting from points in that county to Boise,
Idaho. For one year he followed this line of work, in which he achieved a substan-
tial amount of success and he then followed papking from Walla Walla, Washington,
to Boise. Idaho, for one year. For some time he resided near where Athena now
stands but he later took up a timber culture claim which is Harley Coleman Rothrock's
present ranch. This tract consisted of one hundred and sixty acres and on this land
he built a substantial box house. He ran large numbers of horses for some time.
Before taking up this claim Lewis Rothrock had worked for George Bernhardt on a
ranch near here for a period of six years and received much of his practical experi-
ence while in his employment. Lewis Rothrock added to this claim until he had nine
hundred and ninety-six acres, which he improved and finally brought to a high state
of cultivation. Lewis Rothrock and Lee Mitchell were the only white people who
remained on their ranches during the Indian war of 1S7S. They built a cave fort
for protection in case of attack. Lewis Rothrock operated this land until 1898, when
he rented it to his sons and went to Pendleton. Mr. and Mrs. Rothrock are now.
however, residing in Los Angeles, California, prominent and highly respected citi-
zens of their community. Mr. Lewis Rothrock has always maintained an interest

700 HISTORY OF OREGON

ill the democratic party and is a firm believer in the principles of that party as factors
in good government.

The boyhood of Harley Coleman Rothrock was spent on his present ranch and he
received his education in the country schools of the community. He assisted his father
on the farm until he was eighteen years of age, when he rented a farm and in 1917
bought a half section. In the fall of 1919 he purchased one hundred and sixty acres
more and is now operating a large acreage, as he leases additional tracts. He uses
only the most modern and up-to-date machinery and has put up all new buildings and
made many other improvements.

In 1904 Jlr. Rothrock was united in marriage to Miss Bfanche Bailey, a daugh-
ter of Joseph and Ella (Hay) Bailey, and a native of Forest Grove, Oregon. Two
children have been born to this union: Ralph and Robert.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Rothrock the right of franchise he has been a
stanch supporter of the democratic party, in the interests of which he has taken an
active part. The only fraternal affiliation of Mr. Rothrock is with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows. Although the greater part of Mr. Rothrock's time has been de-
voted to his agricultural pursuits he is prominent and active in the business circles
of Adams, being a director as well as vice president of the Inland Mercantile Com-
pany store in that place. Mr. Rothrock thoroughly understands every phase of farm
work and his close application, energy and enterprise are dominant elements in win-
ning for him his present-day success. He has kept in touch with the trend of modern
progress along agricultural lines and has a well equipped and highly developed ranch
three miles north of Adams.

DR. WALTON SKIPWORTH.

Comparatively a young state, Oregon has drawn much of her man power from
other commonwealths. North, east and south have sent their sons to aid in the up-
building of the west. The last section, In giving Walton Skipworth, D. D., to Hills-
boro, Oiegon, deprived Louisiana of a notable divine, and contributed incalculably
to the religious education of the newer state.

Walton Skipworth was born in Louisiana. December 23, 1S62, the son of the
Reverend N. M. and Cornelia (Bowdon) Skipworth. His father was a physician, who
while practicing took up the study of theology and was ordained a tninister of the
Methodist Episcopal church. South. He became a local preacher, continuing his
practice of medicine and operating a farm at the same time. Later he devoted his
entire attention to the ministry and became the presiding elder of the Shreveport
district. In 1874 he was transferred to Oregon, later becoming a member of the
Columbia River conference of the Methodist Episcopal church. He filled pastorates
at Prineville, St. John and Corvallis and died a member of the Oregon conference.
Cornelia Bowdon, his wife, belonged to an old southern family, her father being a
popular citizen and a prominent farmer in his community. Hon. Frank Bowdon of
this family was a member of congress from Alabama and an orator of distinction.
Mrs. Skipworth was an educator and a graduate of Selma Female College, and her
culture, her intellect and her beautiful character made her a true helpmeet to that
faithful upright soul, her husband, who gave up the practice of a successful physician
to preach the gospel, not only from the pulpit, but as a missionary to the Klamath
Indians.

Walton Skipworth was educated in the public schools of Independence, Oregon,
and at Willamette University, and he took the four years' conference course of study,
receiving deacon's and elder's orders. He was ordained elder by Bishop Bowman in
1889. His first charges, of one year each, were at Springfield and Ashland, and later
at Lebanon, two years; then Jacksonville circuit including Jacksonville, Medford and
Central Point one year. He then became pastor of the Mount Tabor Methodist Episcopal
church at Portland, where he remained for three years, until he was transferred to
the Idaho conference and was assigned to Union, Oregon, for three years. At this
time a change in the boundary lines between the Idaho and the Columbia River con-
ferences brought Dr. Skipworth to the Dayton, Washington, church. After two years
he went to Lewiston, Idaho, for another period of three years, and thence to The
Dalles, Oregon, for four years. He became presiding elder of The Dalles district in
1905 and served as district superintendent for the full term of six years. The Columbia

DR. WALTON SKIPWORTH

HISTORY OF OREGON 703

River conference elected him a member of the General conference which met in
Minneapolis In 1912, and he was appointed by the Board of Bishops as representative
of the Fifteenth General Conference district on the Board of Sunday Schools, which
has its headquarters in Chicago. Retiring from The Dalles district in 1911 he became
pastor at Sand Point, Idaho, where he served for one year. In 1912 he was transferred
to the Oregon conference, and appointed to Newberg, Oregon, for two years, to Grants
Pass for one year, and then to Lebanon, where he had been in charge a quarter of a
century before. Dr. Skipworth had built a strong church at Lebanon, but, to his
increased delight, on his return he found that a handsome new church edifice had
been erected. He spent but one year at Lebanon, being appointed at the end of that
time to the Hillsboro church, of which he has been the pastor since 1916.

In the first parliament of church benevolences of his denomination held in the
northwest. Dr. Skipworth represented the Board of Sunday Schools. The membership
of the parliament embraced some of the most distinguished churchmen and orators,
including three bishops. On January 20, 1909, the degree of Doctor of Divinity was
conferred upon Rev. Mr. Skipworth by Willamette University. In the Columbia
River conference in September, 1904, Dr. Skipworth introduced a resolution asking
the appointment of a commission to confer with a like commission appointed by
the Oregon conference, should said conference see fit to appoint such a commission, on
the removal of the remains of Jason Lee from Lower Canada and reinterment of his
body in the cemetery at Salem, Oregon, which bears his name. The commission, with
Dr. Skipworth as one of its members was appointed, and in June, 1906, the Methodist
Episcopal church had the profound joy of celebrating the burial of the bones of Jason
Lee in the land for which he had done so much in its earlier days.

Dr. Skipworth was married in 1885 to Miss Rosemary Royal, daughter of Charles F.
and Mary Jane Royal, a prominent pioneer family who helped to lay the foundations
of education and religion in Oregon. William Royal of this stock of people was the
founder of the Centenary Methodist Episcopal church of Portland. Dr. and Mrs.
Skipworth have three children: Ella Elizabeth; Arthur, who is engaged in the drug
business; and Rosemary Bowdon, wife of Alfred L. Mansfield. They reside in
Portland. Of Dr. Skipworth's immediate family, two brothers, E. R. Skipworth, for
many years a well known lawyer of Eugene, is now deceased; and Superior Judge
George F. Skipworth, of Eugene, and two sisters, Mrs. Eula B. Wood, of Eugene,
and Mrs. Martin L. Pipes, of Portland, are living.

Dr. Skipworth has a wide reputation as a gifted speaker and a man of pure
character. An assiduous Biblical student, he has at the same time an active, kindly
interest in the well-being of his people and he has won the love of whole communities
where he has lived and labored. Among his fellow ministers he is accounted one
of the forceful preachers of the west. He served as a trustee of Willamette Univer-
sity for fifteen years.

JOHN WESLEY COLLINS.

John Wesley Collins is one of the most active young business men of The Dalles,
where he is conducting a prosperous wall paper and paint business. He was born in
Jefferson county, Tennessee, in 1S89, his parents being William H. and Naomi (Tucker)
Collins, who were representatives of one of the old families of that state, while the
Tucker family was established in Indiana during the pioneer epoch in its history.

John W. Collins' first work was in a general merchandise store in his home town,
but he did not find the pursuit to his liking and remained in that employ for only
thirteen months. Believing that the far west offered a better chance for advance-
ment he made his way to this section of the country and secured employment in a
large wall paper establishment in Portland, where for two years he gave such study
to the business that in 1912 he was tendered the position of manager of the wall
paper department of the Central Door & Lumber Company in the same city. He
acted in that capacity for six years. In 191S he determined to start out in busi-
ness on his own account and having saved considerable money from his earnings
and made many friends in the trade, he looked around for a location and after visiting
The Dalles at once decided to cast his lot in the "cherry town," and renting a store,
established business here. After paying his rent and equipping his place he had left
as a working capital just one hundred dollars, yet by 1920 he was the owner of the

704 HISTORY OF 0REC40X

only wall paper and decorating concern in the city and was occupying a handsome
store on the main business street, with a stock of wall paper and paint fully paid for
and worth seven thousand dollars. Moreover, he is giving employment to eight expert
painters and paper hangers. He takes contracts for all kinds of painting and decorat-
ing work and has broadened the scope of his business by establishing a picture frame
department. He also sells paint and paper and many decorative articles and the
business is a growing one. while the future career of the proprietor will be well worth
watching.

In 1913 Mr. Collins was married to Miss Ruby S. Pickens, a native of North Caro-
lina, whose parents are now farming in Oregon. They have two children, Louelder
and William Wesley. Mr. Collins is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and is
active in support of all progressive civic interests. Fraternally he is an Odd Fellow
and a Yeoman. He enjoys the high regard of his brethren in these orders and has
won a well deserved reputation as a reliable and progressive business man and valu-
able citizen.

DR. DANIEL THOMAS BROWNE.

In the little town of Industry, Illinois, In 1S80, Daniel Thomas Browne was born.
He is now a successful chiropractor of The Dalles, where he is accorded a liberal pat-
ronage. His parents were Christopher C. and Alvessa (Mason) Browne, who were
well known and respected farmers of McDonough county, Illinois. The Brownes were
of old Pennsylvania stock and the great-grandfather of the Doctor became a pioneer
of Missouri. The Mason family came from New England ancestry and were pioneers
of Indiana. Christopher C. Browne removed with his family to Oregon when his son
Daniel was but a small boy and settled in Salem. The latter acquired his preliminary
education in the public schools of Salem and afterward pursued an academic course
at Dallas, while his professional training was received in the Pacific Chiropractic
College at Portland. Following his graduation he took up active professional work
in that city and there remained from 1911 until 1918. During his stay in Portland
he was for three years secretary of the Oregon Chiropractic Association and published
a magazine called The Drugless Review, devoted to the school of healing which he
represents. He was one of a committee appointed to draft a bill legalizing the prac-
tice of chiropractic, which was passed by the legislature in 1915. His work in that
connection required so much of his time that he was forced to permit The Drugless
Review to die just as it was getting on a paying basis. This unselfishness on his part
is but an index of the character of the man. In 191S Dr. Ingram, who had built up
an extensive business in The Dalles, invited Dr. Browne to join him and the firm of
Ingram & Browne has since engaged in practice in this city.

In 1905 Dr. Browne was united in marriage to Miss Almona R. Daniels, a daughter
of Francis M. Daniels, who was a merchant. They have one child, Elizabeth, a student
in the Junior high school in The Dalles. Fraternally Dr. Browne is connected with
the Elks and with the Knights of Pythias. He holds to the higest standards in his
profession and his ability and enterprise have brought him prominently to the front.

HARRY T. CLARKE.

Each individual has his part to play in the world and the ability with which he
does this determines the place that he occupies in public regard. The worth of the
efforts of Harry T. Clarke was widely acknowledged by all with whom he came into
contact, for not only did he prove himself a capable and resourceful business man,
attaining success as president of the Portland Iron Works, but was also possessed of a
broad humanitarian spirit which constantly manifested itself in a helpful relation to
his fellows. Born in Rockford, Illinois, December 4, 1864, he was a son of Orlando
and Susan M. Clarke, both of whom were natives of Rhode Island, the Clarke family
having been there established at an early period in the colonization of the state.
Orlando Clarke brought his family to the Pacific northwest in 1882, establishing his
home in Portland where he entered business circles as the founder and promoter of
the Portland Iron Works, the plant being now located at Fourteenth and Northrup

HISTORY OP OREGON 705

streets. The father continued as president of the business until his death and made
for himself a creditable place in industrial circles of the city. His demise occurred in
1888.

Harry T. Clarke acquired his education in the schools of Rockford, Illinois, and
was a young man of eighteen years when he came with his parents to Portland. He
at once entered his father's iron foundry but desirous of improving his education he
attended night school while thus employed. He began his business career as an
apprentice, not depending upon parental authority for promotion or advancement but
working his way upward and thoroughly acquainting himself with every phase and
detail of the business. Upon his father's death he entered the office and became presi-
dent of the concern, with an experience back ot him that was gained from thorough
training and broad familiarity with every detail of the work. The Portland Iron
Works were devoted to the manufacture of sawmill machinery of which they made a
specialty and their output was of such excellent quality as to win a very liberal
patronage. Through his long association with the machinery business, especially
in the manufacture of sawmill machinery, Mr. Clarke came into close connection with
the lumber trade and was admitted to membership with the Hoo Hoos, being there-
after a loyal representative ot the order. He was likewise a member of the Lumber-
men's Association and was widely and prominently known to the lumber trade.

On September 5, 1901, Mr. Clarke was united in marriage to Miss Inez Rotan, a
daughter of John A. and Elizabeth (Sorber) Rotan, who were natives of New York.
They were married in Iowa and in 1883 came to Oregon, settling at Salem where the
father engaged in the furniture business. He passed away in 1904 and Mrs. Rotan
died on the 12th of November, 1919. Mr. and Mrs. Clarke have a daughter, Barbara,
who was born in Portland.

Mr. Clarke gave his political support to the republican party but was never an
aspirant for office, preferring to devote his attention to his business affairs and to
other activities in which he was keenly interested. These were of a philanthropic
nature. All who knew Mr. Clarke were impressed with his democracy. A man seeking
employment found in him a sympathetic listener, whether or not he had a vacancy
in his establishment. Many an individual struggling with poverty and trying to win
a place for himself found that Mr. Clarke was the friend in need and the friend
indeed. His keenest pleasure came to him in assisting others and while his charity
was of a most unostentatious character it is well known that he assisted several
young people through college and that his benefactions extended in various other
directions. Thus he left behind him a fragrant memory which is enshrined in the
hearts of those who knew him. He was called to his final rest on the 13th of June,
1919.

JOHN LEWIS VAUGHAN.

John Lewis Vaughan, proprietor of the Vaughan Electric Supply Store at 206
East Court street, Pendleton. Oregon, was born on his father's farm sixteen miles south-
west of Portland, on the 13th of January, 1872, a son of Miller and Julia (Wood)
Vaughan. The father was born near Peoria, Illinois, while the mother was a native
of Jackson county, Missouri, and they both came across the plains in 1862, over the
old Oregon Trail as members of a wagon train. Miller Vaughan with his parents set-
tled in Willamette valley, Oregon, where they took up a homestead near McMinnville.
The parents of Miller Vaughan lived on this land until their death. After their demise
Miller Vaughan took up a homestead on Lewis river, near La Center, Washington,
which he improved and on which he resided for four years. He then removed to Mill
Plain, Washington, becoming a partner ot John Loveless, and they operated land in
this connection for two years, or until the death of Mr. Loveless. Miller Vaughan
then rented a section of land in the school district adjoining and after four years on
this land went to Vancouver, Washington, and engaged in the livery stable business
with Frank Norton. For two years Mr. Norton served in the office of sheriff. In 1882
Miller Vaughan left Washington and came to Oregon, locating in Pendleton. His fam-
ily removed to Pendleton a year later and for nine years he engaged in driving the
stage to Heppner, Oregon, and he also drove the fire engine team in Pendleton. While
on a visit with friends at Sumpter, Oregon, in 1904, the death of Mr. Vaughan occurred
as the result of a stroke. He was then sixty-two years of age. His wife's demise took

Vol. 11—4 5

706 HISTORY OF OREGON

place on the 22d of May, 188S, when but thirty-six years of age. Miller Vaughan was
a prominent and well known citizen of the community in which he resided and was
active in civic affairs. Throughout his life he was a stanch democrat, believing in the
principles of that party as factors in good government.

John Lewis Vaughan at the age of eleven years removed to Pendleton, where he
received his education. His initial step into the business circles of Umatilla county
was as mail carrier between Heppner and Echo, the distance being covered on horse-
back. In 1891, in connection with several others, Mr. Vaughan drove eighty head
of horses from Kennewick, Washington, to Custer, Montana, where the horses were
used for mail and stage work. Returning to Pendleton he was employed by the Pen-
dleton Power & Light Company for six years but in 1903 started in the business which
he is now conducting so successfully. When the business was first established Mr.
Vaughan occupied the old Tribune building, where the Oregon Motor Company is now
located, but as it grew to more extensive proportions more space was necessary and
the business is now housed in a splendid new building, where everything in the
electrical line may be found. Mr. Vaughan has been active in the political as well as
business circles of Pendleton and he is now serving his fellow townsmen as mayor,
to which office he was elected in November, 1918. He has also been a member of the
city council for a four-year term and from 1905 to 1912 was chief of the Pendleton
fire department.

In April, 1899, Mr. Vaughan was united in marriage to Miss Ella M. McConnell, a
daughter of James J. and Mary McConnell, and a native of Kansas. Her parents came
to Umatilla county in 1883 and her father is one of the prominent and successful men
in the community. One child was born to Mr. and Mrs. Vaughan, Millard F., whose
death occurred on the 25th of August, 1919, at the age of fifteen years.

In the fraternal circles of Pendleton Mr. Vaughan is well known, having mem-
bership in the Elks, Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias, and he is likewise a mem-
ber of the Rotary Club. Mr. Vaughan has always conducted his business upon the
highest and most honorable principles and his worth to the community, both as citizen
and business man, is readily conceded.

LAWRENCE A. McNARY.

Lawrence A. McNary, well known attorney at law of Portland, where he is en-
gaged in the conduct of an extensive practice, is a member of one of the oldest of
the pioneer families of Oregon, representatives of the name coming to this state in
1845. The ancestral line can be traced back to the great-grandfather of Lawrence
A. McNary, who was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, enlisting from Virginia and
bearing full part in the struggle for American independence. Another generation of
the family was represented in Kentucky, whence a removal was made to Illinois, and
from the latter state James and Alexander McNary made their way to the northwest
among the first of those adventurous and courageous spirits who sought to establish
homes and plant the seeds of civilization upon the northwestern frontier. They
arrived in Oregon in 1845 and James McNary became a resident of Clackamas county,
while Alexander McNary took up his abode in Polk county. They were accompanied
by their respective families, the latter having two sons and three daughters approach-
ing manhood and womanhood at the time of his removal to Oregon, these being:
Sarah E., who became the wife of A. C. R. Shaw and passed away in Fresno county,
California, in 1901; Hugh M., who died In Salem, Oregon, in 1891; Alexander W., who
passed away in Polk county in 1898; Catherine, who became the wife of John C. Allen
and died in Polk county about 1860; and David S., whose death occurred in the same
county about 1862.

The eldest son of the family was Hugh M. McNary, who was eighteen years of
age when the journey across the plains was made. He shared in all of the hardships
and privations incident to pioneer life and upon attaining his majority secured a
donation claim in Polk county and there followed the occupation of farming until
1859. In that year he became a resident of Wasco county, settling near The Dalles,
after which he engaged in freighting to the mines of eastern Oregon and Idaho. Sub-
sequently he turned his attention to the live stock business, which he followed first in
Wasco county, Oregon, and later in Klickitat county, Washington, until 1876 — the
year of his removal to Salem, Oregon. There he began making investments in property

HISTORY OF OREGON 707

and became a large landowner in Polk and Linn counties. He wedded Catherine Friz-
zell, who was born in Greene county, Missouri, and was one of the six children of
Rees and Lilly Frizzell, who were Oregon pioneers of 1S52. Hugh M. McNary died
in 1891, and his wife in 1911. To them were born seven children: Mrs. Sarah A.
Smith, a resident of Marshfield, Oregon; Anna L., living in Portland; Lillian M. of
Salem; Angelo P., who is located in Klickitat county, Washington; Lawrence A.; Hugh
P., living in Portland; and Wilson D., who is a practicing physician of Pendleton,
Oregon.

Lawrence A. McNary was largely reared at Salem, where he attended the grammar
schools, while later he benefited by a three years' course of instruction in the Willa-
mette University. His interest in the legal profession led him to become a law student
in the office and under the direction of Richard and E. B. Williams of Portland, and in
1890 he was admitted to the bar. He entered upon the practice of law in connection
with Judge W. W. Thayer, a former governor of the state, with whom he was thus
associated for five years. In 1902 he was elected city attorney of Portland for a three
years' term and in 1905 was reelected for a term of two years. He is now engaged in
the private practice of law and has made a creditable and enviable position at the
Portland bar. While he has largely confined his attention to his professional interests
he has also extended his activities by becoming a director of an Alaskan canning
company and other business enterprises.

On the 16th of November, 1914, in Alameda, California, Mr. McNary was married
to Mrs. Alice (Haskell) Leinenweber, whose father, William Haskell, was a pioneer
of California, arriving in that state in 1847 and there residing to the time of his death
in 1908. Mr. McNary is identified with the Commercial Club of Portland, is a mem-
ber of the Knights of Pythias and politically is a republican, as have been all of the
descendants of the original pioneers of the name. He has held no public offices since
1910, but during the period of the World war he assisted largely in the patriotic
work which fell to his city. For three-quarters of a century the McNary family has
resided in Oregon and the work instituted in pioneer times by the grandfather and
later promoted by the father is being continued by Lawrence A. McNary, under changed
conditions, it is true, but with the same spirit of fidelity to the state and keen interest
in its substantial upbuilding.

FRED WINCHESTER MEARS.

Fred Winchester Mears, a member of the Medford bar, now filling the office of
city attorney, is separated by the width of the continent from his birthplace, for he
is a native son of Massachusetts, born in April, 1873. Since the decade between 1630
and 1640 the Mears, Davis and Winchester families have been known as leading resi-
dents of their respective communities. Among the direct descendants of these families
were Fred Miles Mears and Eliza Jane Davis, whose marriage was celebrated in New
England and who became the parents of Fred W. Mears of this review. The son was
educated in fhe grammar and high schools of Newton Center, Massachusetts, where
his birth occurred, but at the age of twelve years he lost his father, who, having served
in the Civil war, never recovered from the wounds that he sustained in that struggle.
Determined to obtain a classical education, the young man eagerly embraced every
opportunity of earning money that would enable him to pay his way through Brown
University. He pursued his studies through the day sessions and taught night school
in order to acquire the requisite funds, and the laudable ambition that prompted him
carried him through to success and he was graduated from the university in 1895 with
the Bachelor of Arts degree, thus laying broad and deep the foundation upon which
to rear the superstructure of professional knowledge. He then entered the law de-
partment of the University of Michigan and again he resorted to every possible means
to add to his financial resources that he might meet the expenses of his law course,
and once more his determination and energy carried him forward to his goal. He
was graduated in 1898 from the University of Michigan and was admitted to the bar.
Immediately thereafter he located for practice in Sioux City, Iowa, where he followed
his profession through the succeeding ten years, gaining a large clientage and win-
ning an enviable reputation as an able and forceful lawyer and an earnest, eloquent
and convincing public speaker. In 1910 he paid a visit to the Pacific coast, traveling
from Los Angeles northward. Learning of the rapid growth of Medford his attention

708 HISTORY OF OREGON

was attracted to this city and he stopped off to convince himself of the reliability
of the reports he had heard. That visit secured for Medford another substantial resi-
dent, for he at once decided to locate here. Returning to Iowa, he closed out his affairs
in that state and since the fall of 1910 has made Medford his home. He has engaged
in practice and for five years he filled the office of city attorney. His official record
and his private work have both established him high in public regard as a wise
counselor and capable advocate in the courts.

In 1903 Mr. Mears was married to Miss Sara P. Blythe, a daughter of the Rev.
J. W. Blythe, whose people were for many generations among the best known divines
of Indiana and Kentucky. The grandfather of Mrs. Mears was the founder and
president of one of the leading colleges of that state. She was educated in the Western
College at Oxford, Indiana, and is a woman of liberal culture and innate refinement.
She is now and for some years has been the executive secretary of the Red Cross
chapter and she is active in church club life and social affairs in Medford. Mr. and
Mrs. Mears are members of the Baptist church. By her marriage she has become the
mother of two children: Frederick Blythe, a graduate of the Medford high school;
and James Blythe Davis, who is now attending public school.

Mr. Mears is an active member and supporter of the republican party, has been
drafted as a speaker in every campaign since locating in Oregon and is known in every
section of the state as a strong, forceful and influential political speaker and writer.
Following the leadership of Roosevelt, he became a member of the progressive party
and one of the campaigners in the "Flying Squadron." The progressive party in 1914
made him its candidate for congress from this district, but he failed of election. In
the campaign of 1916 he became a supporter of Hughes and now gives earnest allegiance
to .the republican party. During the World war he strove to enter the service in any
branch but was debarred on account of his near-sightedness. Finally he was sug-
gested for service in the army as judge advocate but before the red tape could be
unwound the armistice was signed. Mr. Mears is a Knights Templar and thirty-second
degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine and exemplifies in his life the beneficent
spirit and purposes of the craft. He was made an Odd Fellow while a resident of Iowa.
Throughout his entire life he has never been content to choose the second best but
has pushed on toward a higher goal and as a man, attorney and citizen he occupies
an enviable position in public regard and those who know him prize his friendship
and attest his worth.

ABRAHAM WING.

Abraham Wing, a retired merchant and farmer residing in Portland, was born
in Poland, September 12, 1835, a son of Lewis and Sima Wing. He came to the
new world from his native country in 1855, when a young man of twenty years.
Landing in New York with three cents in his pocket, with which he bought apples
to eat, he remained in the east until 1857 and then came by way of the Isthmus route
to Oregon, settling first at McMinnville where he had a brother living. He there
engaged in general merchandising with his brother, conducting the store successfully
for several years. Later he was also engaged in mercantile pursuits at Sheridan, Yam-
hill county, for about three years and in 1S66 purchased a place in Polk county where
the Lewisville post office was established by himself and he was made first postmaster.
He settled on his land and there lived for many years. His enterprise and energy
in business constituted the basis of substantial success which came to him as time
passed. He also went to Independence where he purchased a store which he conducted
for a time. Afterward he removed to Silverton where he bought another store,
conducting it for about a year. He subsequently removed to eastern Oregon and for
five years was there engaged in business at Lonerock before coming to Portland. In
the Rose City he was also identified with mercantile interests for a while and then
engaged in farming tor several years. After disposing of his farm property he returned
to Portland where he has since lived retired, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits
of his former toil. His life has been one of activity and usefulness and the careful
management of his business affairs has been the basis of the prosperity which he
now enjoys.

On December 26, 1869, Mr. Wing was united in marriage to Miss Julia Rosenthal,
a daughter of Louis and Caroline (Isaacs) Rosenthal, who were natives of Poland and

HISTORY OF OREGON 711

after coming to the United States made their way to California and thence to Oregon,
arriving in this state in 1858. Mr, Rosenthal then bought a donation claim near Monta-
villa, now the Rosewood addition, and first engaged in merchandising, after which he
concentrated his attention upon the dairy business for several years. It was he who
gave the name of Montavilla to the town. To Mr. and Mrs. Wing have been born five
children, all of whom are living: L. E., who is a resident of Houston, Texas; Rebecca,
the wife of C. B. Joseph of San Francisco, California; Benjamin C, who is manager
of the Ben Selling store of Portland; Sima E., living in Seattle, Washington; and
Rosa, now Mrs. E. Singer of Portland. This is a notable record, inasmuch as the family
circle remains unbroken by the hand of death, and Mr. and Mrs. Wing celebrated
their golden wedding December 26, 1919.

In Dol'tics Mr. Wing is a democrat and filled the position of postmaster at Lewis-
ville for thirteen years and at Lonerock for five years. He was appointed deputy
sherifi! at Dallas, seat of Polk county, and captured on one occasion horse thieves who
had stolen three horses, and the thieves would have been lynched but Mr. Wing inter-
fered and delivered his prisoners to the proper authorities. This happened in the early
'70s. He has never had occasion to regret his determination to come to the new world,
for in this country he found the opportunities which he sought and in their utilization
has made steady progress. He has also gained many warm friends here and those who
know him speak of him in terms of the highest regard.

SAMUEL HAYDEN ELLIOTT.

The Elliott family has played an important part in connection with the history
of the northwest, their records constituting a valuable chapter in the annals of
Oregon. Samuel Hayden Elliott was born in Kentucky, January 1, 1829, a son of
John Elliott, who was a native of Scotland. When seventeen years of age Samuel H.
Elliott removed from Kentucky to Macon county, Missouri, and thence started across
the plains for Oregon, making an overland trip with ox teams and wagon in com-
pany with Samuel A. Miles and W. W. Baker. In August, 1850, they arrived in Port-
land and here Mr. Elliott began following his trade of bricklaying, which he had
previously learned in the middle west. Subsequently he engaged in the manufacture
of brick, establishing the first yard at Hillsboro. Washington county, where he finally
took up his abode. In connection with Samuel A. Miles he also built the first sawmill
at St. Helen and together they operated the plant for a considerable period before
Mr. Elliott established a brickyard at Hillsboro. During the years in which he was
engaged in the manufacture of brick he also took contracts for and erected many
residences in Portland, thus contributing to the industrial and commercial develop-
ment of the districts in which he labored and to the beauty and improvement of the
Rose City.

Samuel H. Elliott was married at Hillsboro, Oregon, to Miss Mary McKay, a
daughter of Charles R. and Lettia McKay, who came to Oregon in 1841. They were
natives of Glencoe, Scotland, and upon reaching this state took up their abode in
Washington county, to which place Mr. McKay had been sent by the government.
There he secured a donation claim. In 1849 he went to California, attracted by the
discovery of gold in that state and thus he became acquainted with various phases of
pioneer life on the Pacific coast. On making the trip to Oregon he had taken the
northern route through Canada by way of Winnipeg, driving a yoke of oxen hitched
to a two-wheeled wagon or cart. He spoke the Indian language and was a power
among the red men. It is said that he often applied the whip to an Indian if he
caught him stealing, no matter how many there were in the tribe, yet he was kind
to them whenever occasion permitted and liberally gave them meat — a gift thor-
oughly appreciated by the entire tribe. There was no phase of pioneer life or experi-
ence in connection with the development and upbuilding of the west with which he
was not familiar and his contribution thereto was always of a most valuable character.

Thomas Hayden Elliott, the eldest son of Samuel Hayden Elliott, was born at
Hillsboro, Oregon, December 21, 1857. In his youthful days he worked in the brick-
yard of his father and also learned and followed the bricklayer's trade. He made
his home for many years in Portland as one of its progressive citizens and rep-
resentative business men and here passed away in April, 1920.

712 HISTORY OF OREGON

William C. Elliott, the third youngest of the sons of Samuel Hayden Elliott, ac-
quired his education in the Pacific University at Forest Grove, Oregon, and also took
up the study of civil engineering, qualifying for efficient work in that connection.
He was elected city engineer of Portland In 1902 serving under Mayor George H.
Williams and occupied the office for three years. In this connection and through
private activity in his chosen field of labor he has contributed much to the improve-
ment and advancement of the city. He built the first steel bridges in Portland, the
Morrison street bridge, which was the first bridge to separate the traffic, there being
a division for foot passengers, for street cars and for vehicles. He is also the builder
of the steel bridge at Willamette Heights and likewise of two steel bridges in South
Portland. Mr. Elliott was instrumental in securing the adoption of concrete walks
in Portland, for as late as 1902 a great many of the main streets had walks constructed
of planks. He has recently completed the Terminal Pier No. 4 and now has under
construction several county highways, including the Yamhill state highway, the Ochoco
National Forest highway and others. He was instrumental, together with John B.
Yeon, in securing the paving of Willamette boulevard, one of the most beautiful thor-
oughfares of the city. His work has indeed been of a most valuable character to
Portland and he ranks with the ablest engineers of the northwest.

In 1897 Mr. Elliott was married to Miss Addie R. Roberts, a daughter of Amos M.
and Susan Roberts. They have become parents of two children, Susan Mary and
Florence Evelyn. In his political views William C. Elliott is a republican, having
always given stalwart support to the party. He is a member of the Masonic frater-
nity, in which he has attained high rank, being now identified with the Mystic Shrine.
He is also connected with the Knights of Pythias. He represents one of the old and
honored pioneer families of the northwest and the work instituted by his grandfather
and continued by his father has been further promoted by him in his active contribu-
tions to the upbuilding and progress of his adopted city. In a history of the family
mention must also be made of the splendid work done by the women in different gen-
erations. The grandmother of William C. Elliott in the paternal line reared thirty
orphan children and was widely known throughout the Pacific coast country for her
charitable work. The widow of Samuel H. Elliott is still living and she has reared
three boys besides her own family of seven children. Two of these boys served in
the European war. The contribution of the Elliott family to the best life of the north-
west is indeed worthy of record.

Mr. McKay was one of the signers for the provisional government at Champoeg.

WALTER ALFRED HOLT.

The career of Walter Alfred Holt presents a striking example of a self-made man.
Starting out as a messenger in the Commercial National Bank when twenty-three
years of age, his energy, devotion to duty and natural aptitude for business won him
steady advancement from one position to another of greater importance and respon-
sibility until he is now serving as vice president of the institution in which he began
his career and which through various changes In ownership has since become merged
with the United States National Bank of Portland. As the architect of his own for-
tunes he has builded wisely and well, his life history constituting a notable illustra-
tion of industry, determination and honorable dealing that others might profitably
follow.

Mr. Holt is one of Oregon's native sons. He was born on a farm near Harris-
burg on the 2Sth of September, 1867, and comes of English ancestry, being a descend-
ant of William Holt and Mary Ann White, who were married in England and emigrated
to America, settling in Virginia just before the Revolutionary war, in which conflict
William Holt participated. Alfred Holt, the father of the subject of this review, was a
native of Tennessee and during the Civil war he resided along the line of Sherman's
march to the sea. Military activities centered around his home and like many other
southern families he lost all of his possessions, which caused him to seek a new
home in the west and in 1865 he arrived in Oregon, having made the journey by way
of the Isthmus route. In young manhood he had wedded Harriet Thomason, also a
native of the south, her birth having occurred in South Carolina. Her father, James
Thomason, came from England to South Carolina when a small boy and at the age
of sixteen years volunteered and fought through the War of 1812 as a private.

HISTORY OP OREGON 713

Their son, Walter A. Holt, became a student at Colfax Academy of Colfax, Wash-
ington, and subsequently entered the Bishop Scott Academy at Portland, Oregon, from
which he was graduated in June, 1889, following which he became an instructor in
that institution, so continuing tor a year. It was on the 30th of June, 1890, that he
entered financial circles, becoming connected with the Commercial National Bank of
Portland as messenger. He has since continued with that institution, which was later
taken over by the Wells Fargo Bank and which through a subsequent change in own-
ership has now become absorbed by the United States National Bank. His close ap-
plication, trustworthiness and efficiency in the discharge of his duties soon won rec-
ognition in merited promotion and advancing step by step as his ability and knowl-
edge increased he at length was chosen vice president of the institution, in which
office he is now serving. Long experience has given him comprehensive knowledge
of the banking business in principle and detail and he is able to speak with authority
upon many questions connected with financial interests. The policy of the bank is
in keeping with his standards and ideals and he has contributed in large measure
to the success of the undertaking, which ranks with the leading financial institutions
of Portland and the northwest. The business of the bank is conducted along lines
that constitute an even balance between conservative measures and progressiveness
and at the same time the policy of the bank extends to its patrons every possible
assistance commensurate with the safety of the institution. In devotion to family
welfare and financial interests Mr. Holt displays marked fidelity and energy, regard-
ing no detail as too unimportant to receive his attention and at the same time viewing
the larger factors of his interests with comprehensive mind and broad consideration.

In Portland, on the 19th of February, 1896, Mr. Holt was united in marriage to
Miss Agnes Earhart, a daughter of the late Rockey Preston Earhart. The three chil-
dren of this union are Alfred Preston, Nancy Harriet and Agnes Elizabeth, aged re-
spectively twenty-two, twenty and nine years. Mrs. Holt passed away September 30,
1920. She was devoted to her family and was the possessor of an unusually radiant
and attractive personality, together with a keen and kindly sense of humor. Her
womanly character and gentleness of disposition endeared her to all with whom she
came in contact and she was the possessor of a large circle of friends who felt a deep
sense of personal loss at her passing.

Mr. Holt gave his political allegiance to the democratic party until driven from
its ranks by the free silver craze in 1896, since which time he has favored republican
principles, but at all times casts an independent ballot, regarding the qualifications
of the candidate as paramount to all party issues. He is an honorary member and an
ex-president of the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club, with which he has been asso-
ciated since the first year of its existence. He is also identified with the Waverly
Country Club and the Auld Lang Syne Society and is an active and interested member
of the Chamber of Commerce, whose plans and measures for the development of the
city and the extension of its trade relations he heartily indorses. In thoroughness
and the mastery of every detail of the duties that have devolved upon him lies the
secret of the success which has brought him to the eminent position which he now
occupies in financial circles of Portland. His labors have ever been of a constructive
character and while attaining individual prosperity he has at the same time con-
tributed to public progress and development. He is a high-minded man whose honor
and integrity have never been questioned and any community is fortunate in having
Walter A. Holt as one of its citizens.

GEORGE KOHLHAGEN.

Fifty-three years ago, or in 1868, there was born to George and Catharine Kohl-
hagen of Rochester, New York, a boy, who was named George, for his father. The
child's grandfather, a native of the Rhineland, had come to America and established
his family in the vicinity of Rochester, where his son George was reared to manhood.
The grandson, now a factor in the growth of southern Oregon and a valued resident of
Roseburg, was educated in the common schools of his native town and upon completing
his course there he took up his father's trade, that of a butcher, working in his father's
shop until he was eighteen years of age, by which time he felt that he was not only
a butcher but an experienced meat cutter. Accordingly he left Rochester and worked
at his trade in nearby cities until 1888, when he came to the Pacific coast, settling

714 HISTORY OF OREGON

first at Seattle, while later he removed to Tacoma, Washington. In the latter city
he purchased a meat market and prospered in its conduct, but after three years sold
the business and returned to the east. There he went into business, but a single
season spent in his native state taught him the value of the mild climate of the
Pacific coast and disposing of his shop at a loss of three hundred dollars he again
journeyed westward. He remained in Portland for a brief period and in 1892 removed
to Roseburg, accepting work in a meat shop on the site where he has since erected
the handsome Kohlhagen block.

Leaving the shop he took up the business of buying sheep in a partnership rela-
tion with Al West, the brother of Governor Oswald West, and the firm prospered in
the butchering and shipping of sheep. Mr. Kohlhagen, however, was young, ambitious
and energetic and not afraid of working overtime. So he returned to Roseburg and
again took up the meat business. Twenty-nine years have passed since he perma-
nently settled in Roseburg and his position today is that of the leading breeder and
wliolesaler of cattle and sheep in southern Oregon. In Roseburg he conducts a large
wholesale business and two retail stores, one of which occupies the ground floor of
a handsome brick structure he has erected on Jackson street. The upper floors of the
building are used as a music studio, photograph gallery, etc. Mr. Kohlhagen also
owns vast acreage in Douglas county, whereon he raises cattle and sheep. On the
Umpqua river, near Winchester, he owns the Winchester ranch of thirteen thousand
acres and eight miles away he owns another place known as the Glide ranch of twelve
thousand acres, while on Roberts creek he has a tract of seven hundred acres and in
Jackson county still another place of two hundred and forty acres. In addition to
owning this vast amount of property Mr. Kohlhagen has under rental another ranch
of eight thousand acres and an additional rented tract of twelve thousand acres. Over
his extensive holdings roam thousands of head of cattle, sheep and hogs that have
been bred by and gathered together through the energy of a man who less than thirty
years ago came to Roseburg as a meat cutter in a small butcher shop. Mr. Kohlhagen
breeds Black Polled Angus, Hereford and Durham cattle entirely and his bulls and
rams are all thoroughbred stock. His bands of sheep number at this time more than
three thousand head and all along the coast and through the west the name of George
Kohlhagen is known as that of one of Oregon's foremost breeders and extensive live
stock dealers.

In 1893 occurred the marriage of George Kohlhagen and Miss Mayetta Howell,
a daughter of a pioneer lumberman of the northwest. They now have two children:
Florence, who is a graduate of the State Normal College and is following the pro-
fession of teaching; and Edward G.. who is a student in the University of Oregon.

While voting the republican ticket and always stanchly supporting the principles
of the party, .Mr. Kohlhagen is not a politician and has never had ambition to hold
office, although frequently urged to become a candidate. Fraternally he is an Elk
and an Odd Fellow and also has membership in the Maccabees and the Woodmen of
the World. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and all such organizations
and as a citizen never fails to interest himself in all civic projects and every organized
effort and plan for the general good. His life record is of stimulating value and may
well serve as a source of inspiration to those who, like himself, have been forced to
start out empty-handed, but who by employing similar methods may reach the goal
of prosperity.

JOHN OTTO ERICKSON.

Fortunate, indeed, is Astoria in having for a citizen John Otto Erickson, who is
now serving his community as district attorney. He is a native son of Astoria, his
birth having occurred in 1885, and is a son of John and Josephine (Lanto) Erickson.
His father settled in Astoria in 18S1, and for five seasons successfully engaged in the
fishing industry. He then took up dairying, in which he continued until 1912, when
he retired from active business life.

John Otto Erickson received his education in the grade and high schools of Astoria,
and in due time entered the University of Oregon and the University of Washington.
After completing his university training he decided upon law as a life work, with the
result that he took a law course at the Ann Arbor University, from which he was
graduated in 1910. He was admitted to practice by the supreme court of Michigan

JOHN O. ERICKSOiN

HISTORY OP OREGON 717

in the same year and returning to Oregon took up practice at Astoria. He imme-
diately assumed a prominent place at the bar of that city and in 1916 was elected dis-
trict attorney of Clatsop county. In September, 1917, after he had served but six
months of his four-year term, he resigned the office and enlisted in the Oregon Na-
tional Guard, Coast Artillery Corps, and was sent to Fort Stevens for training. He
was later sent to Camp Merritt and early in 1918 went to France. As a member of
Battery B, One Hundred and Nineteenth Field Artillery, Mr. Erickson went through
the hardest fighting on the front and demonstrated that the patriotism that had caused
him to give up a lucrative office in the line of his profession was backed by a courage
that proved the depth of his character. After many months in the fighting line he
returned to America in May, 1919, receiving his discharge at Camp Lewis on the 19th
of May, 1919. He then returned to Astoria and resumed his practice, which soon
again reached extensive proportions. When the primaries were called in 1920 the
voters, remembering the sacrifice he had made, nominated him again for the office of
district attorney. At the November election he was elected by a large majority, and
took over the position in January, 1921.

In January, 1921, occurred the marriage of Mr. Erickson and Miss Helma Hukan,
a native of South Dakota. Fraternally Mr. Erickson is a member of the Elks, the
Knights of Pythias, Loyal Order of Moose, U. F. K. B. & S., and the American Legion.
He is a lover of the great outdoors and since his college days has been an enthusiastic
football and baseball fan, and he finds much pleasure in hunting and fishing as vaca-
tion pastimes. As a lawyer he has already won a gratifying amount of success, his
legal learning, his analytical mind, the readiness with which he grasps the points in
an argument, all combining to make of him a most capable jurist. In the office of
district attorney he is sure to give entire satisfaction, for he has proven himself to be
a man who can be relied upon to carry out the law of the land without fear or
favor.

ELISHA E. FARRINGTON.

Elisha E. Farrington, an honored member of the Portland bar, who also figured
in financial circles as the secretary of th^ Western Bond & Mortgage Company, passed
away when but forty-eight years of age.

Mr. Farrington was born in Edford, Illinois, December 14, 1869, a son of Mr.
and Mrs. John T. Farrington, and came of New England ancestry, being a direct
descendant in the ninth generation of John Alden and Priscilla Mullen, Mayflower
passengers, whose romantic wooing has been delightfully told in Longfellow's poem.
"The Courtship of Miles Standish."

The youthful days of Elisha E. Farrington were spent on a farm in Illinois and
Iowa, and in young manhood he took up the study of telegraphy, which he followed
for some time and also acted as station agent for the railroad company at various
points in Iowa, Wyoming and Washington for a number of years. It was in 1905
that Mr. Farrington came to Portland and entered on the study of law in the offices
of Whitfield & Farrington, well known attorneys in this city. After thorough prelimin-
ary preparation he was admitted to the bar October 5, 1906. In 1908 he entered into
partnership with his brother, C. H. Farrington, and continued in the practice of
law in this connection to the time of his death, which occurred February 6, 1918,
■when he was but forty-eight years of age. He became recognized as an able and
resourceful member of the bar. He was one of the organizers of the Western Bond
& Mortgage Company, of which he was secretary, and was active in the affairs of
the company until his death.

On the 30th of October, 1914, Mr. Farrington was married to Miss Mildred L.
Abernathy, who survives him and still makes her home in Portland. They occupied
an enviable social position and Mr. Farrington's professional attainments and his
sterling worth gained for him a commanding position at the bar, and when he passed
away the bar association of Multnomah county referred to his life history as "The
record of a life of endeavor and usefulness."

Only those who knew him best can fill in the details of his active, fruitful
career, for he avoided publicity and concerned himself more with rendering efficient
service than with receiving the credit therefor. To those who knew him his energy
and diligence were a constant stimulation, his integrity and faithfulness a continual

718 HISTORY OF OREGON

inspiration; and to them his death comes as a distinct personal loss. He was one
of those men who have but one code of morals and ethics for their private relations
and for their business and professional affairs; and he applied to all his dealings
with client, opponent or stranger, the same strict rule of probity and fairness that
he followed with his best friends and closest associates.

As a lawyer he set for himself and attained the most exacting standard of prompt
and efficient service to his client, of courtesy and fairness to his opponent; as a
citizen, he labored faithfully but without self-seeking for the upbuilding of his com-
munity and city. He leaves a record of upright endeavor and achievement and his
death is a distinct loss to the community and to the bar of the county and state.

LOUIS ELSTON IRELAND.

Louis Elston Ireland has since 1910 been a resident of the Hood River valley
and in 1918 became actively identified with the purchase and shipment of apples,
maintaining an extensive warehouse in the city. He is at the same time a well
known orchardist, who has successfully propagated fruit on a ranch of his own. Born
in Laporte, Indiana, in 1873, he is a son of A. P. and Eliza (Elston) Ireland. The
ancestral line is traced back in America to the Rev. John Ireland, a minister who
came to the new world in 1763. The branch of the family of which Louis E. Ireland
is a representative was established in Indiana in pioneer times, arriving there in
1830.

Louis E. Ireland pursued his education in the schools of Laporte and started out
in the business world in connection with the wholesale candy establishment con-
ducted by his father. He remained in that line for five years and then accepted
a bank position in a small town, in which bank he says he performed every sort
of duty save that of president. The bank held him for three years, at the end or
which time he became connected with the wholesale implement business of the well
known firm of Dean & Company, remaining with that house in several capacities for
thirteen years.

It was in the year 1910 that Mr. Ireland came to Oregon and purchased land
on the east side of Hood river. He has been very successful as an orchardist, pro-
pagating his fruit according to the most advanced scientific methods and in 1918 he
built along the railroad tracks in Hood river a warehouse with a capacity of forty
thousand boxes of fruit and entered the commercial end of the apple business as a
buyer and shipper. He ships direct to his own agents in the east and middle west
and in 1919 handled nearly two hundred thousand boxes of apples, which is an evi-
dence of the rapid growth of his business and an indication of the progressive and
enterprising methods which he has employed, as well as of the high esteem entertained
for him by the growers of the valley, who recognize in him a thoroughly reliable and
progressive business man.

In 1899 Mr. Ireland was married in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to Miss Annabelle
Dean, a daughter of W. J. Dean of that city, and they have become the parents of six
children: Elston L.; Dean L. ; Rebecca; Philip A.; Arthur P.; and Corabelle. The
eldest son is a student in the University of Oregon and the others are being pre-
pared for college at Pasadena, California, where the family resides during a portion
of the year.

Mr. Ireland is a most energetic and progressive business man, who, while never
neglectful of his civic duties, takes no active part in partisan politics and has never
stood for public office. Fraternally he is a Mason and an Elk. He has made for him-
self a creditable place among the fruit shippers of Oregon and his standing as a
business man is very high.

JOHN ADAIR.

John Adair had nearly attained the age of eighty years when he passed from
the scene of earthly activity. He was a Harvard man who was numbered with those
who were active in introducing into the west the culture and ideals of the east. The
value of his influence and his labors cannot be overestimated. He was born in Ken-

HISTORY OF OREGON 719

tucky, August 8, 180S, representing one of the distinguished and prominent families
of the south. His parents were John and Catherine (Palmer) Adair, the former
at one time governor of Kentucky. He was reared under a most refining home
influence and after acquiring his early education in the schools of his native state
went to Harvard University where he took up the study of law, being then admitted
to the bar. In 1848 he was sent by the United States government to the west to fill
the position of collector of customs for the Pacific coast, with headquarters at Astoria.
He came by way of Panama, crossing the Isthmus, where he was obliged to live for
six weeks, waiting for a vessel that would bring him northward. At length he
reached his destination and soon afterward took up a donation claim near Astoria.
This he improved and on the place spent the rest of his days. He remained in
the office of collector of customs for twelve years. He contributed also to the
agricultural development of the district, while his influence as a cultured man of
high ideals was of marked benefit to the pioneer settlement in which he took
up his abode. He passed away in 1888, while his wife survived until 1893.

John Adair married Mary Ann Dickinson of Kentucky, and they became the
parents of thirteen children, nine of whom were born in Kentucky. Three of the
children died in infancy and six of them came with their parents to Nebraska. Henry
Rodney Adair, grandson of John Adair, was killed June 21, 1916, while serving with
the United States troops in Mexico under Captain Boyd.

Mr. Adair was a democrat and was reared in the Presbyterian faith but later
in life became affiliated with the Episcopal church. He was also a Mason.

HENRY LINCOLN KUCK.

For a third of a century Henry Lincoln Kuck has been identified with the busi-
ness development of The Dalles and through much of this period has conducted
manufacturing interests of importance. He is now senior partner in the firm of
Kuck & Son, giving their attention to the manufacture of harness, saddlery and
leather goods, and the enterprise he has displayed and the integrity of his business
methods have constituted the basic elements of his growing success.

Mr. Kuck was born at Lansing, Iowa, in 1862, his parents being John and Mary
(Meyer) Kuck, whose people have long been represented in the middle west. The
father was for many years the leading harness and saddlery manufacturer of his
section of Iowa. Henry L. Kuck was educated in the graded schools of his native
town and afterward went to Minneapolis, where he learned the trade of saddle and
harness maker, spending five years in thoroughly mastering the business. In 1886
he came west and choosing The Dalles as his place of location, here worked at his
trade for three years, but was desirous of engaging in business on his own account
and carefully saved his earnings until his industry and economy brought him sufficient
capital to permit him to realize his desire. In 1889 he established his present manu-
facturing enterprise, which through the intervening years has been an important
factor in the commercial and industrial life of the city. He has developed it to
extensive proportions, until it is one of the foremost interests of the kind in central
Oregon. The firm is now operating under the name of Kuck & Son, manufacturers
of all kinds of saddles, harness and leather goods, making a specialty of cowboys'
goods, such as pack bags, cuffs, saddle-bags, holsters, tapaderos, chaps, etc., in endless
variety. The trade covers all parts of central Oregon and extends into Washington
and such is the volume of business that a large force of workmen is constantly em-
ployed. The use of the automobile has in no way interfered with the trade of Kuck
& Son, which was larger in 1919 than in any previous year of its history. The firm
has always sustained an unassailable reputation for the high class of goods turned
out and the excellent workmanship, while the integrity of its methods is an acknowl-
edged factor in its prosperity. Mr. Kuck is also one of the organizers of the Citizens
National Bank of The Dalles, a new banking institution, and is likewise a stockholder
in the Hotel Dalles Company.

In 1890 Mr. Kuck was united in marriage to Miss Minnie A. Anderson, a daugh-
ter of one of the pioneer fruit growers of Wasco county. They have two sons:
Harry L., who is the publisher of the Pendleton (Ore.) Tribune; and Ernest A., who
is a partner in the firm of H. L. Kuck & Son. Both young men served their country
in the World war as members of the American Expeditionary Forces, spending about

720 HISTORY OF OREGON

two years in France. Ernest saw some particularly hard service, doing active duty
at the front for a long period.

In his political views Mr. Kuck is a stalwart republican and was formerly chair-
man of the republican county central committee of Wasco county. He is active in
every movement that spells progress for his district. He has served as city alderman,
while in 1S99 and 1900 he was mayor of The Dalles. He is a past exalted ruler of
the Elks Lodge, also a Knight of the Maccabees, a member of the Woodmen of the
World and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. His activities and interests
have been broad and varied and for many years he has occupied a conspicuous
position as a representative business man whose lite record illustrates the fact that
industry and perseverance constitute a sate foundation upon which to build prosperity.

RUFUS ALBERTUS LEITER.

Rufus Albertus Leiter, for twenty-one years a member of the Portland bar,
practicing now as a partner in the firm of Griffith, Leiter & Allen, was born in
Wapakoneta, Ohio, in 1875. His father, John Martin Leiter, was a native of Penn-
sylvania, born in 1850, and was a son of John Leiter, whose birth occurred in Maryland.
Removing to Ohio, John Martin Leiter was married in that state to Miss Margaret
Katz, a native of Germany, who passed away in 1892. Following his removal to
Portland in 1890 the father was engaged in the lumber business in Oregon until 1905.

At the usual age Rufus A. Leiter became a pupil in the public schools of his
native city, there continuing his education until 1890, when he accompanied his
parents to Portland and resumed his studies, being graduated from the Portland high
school with the class of 1894. He then entered Stanford University and won his
Bachelor of Arts degree in 1899. Returning to Portland, he continued the study of
law and in October of the same year was admitted to the bar. From that date until
July, 1910, he practiced in association with Judge W. D. Fenton and in the latter
year entered into partnership with F. T. Griffith, with whom he has since remained,
while in May, 1912, a third partner, Harrison Allen, was admitted to the firm and
the present style of Griffith, Leiter & Allen was adopted. They have long enjoyed
an extensive practice and Mr. Leiter has ever been recognized as a lawyer whose
devotion to his clients' interests is one of his marked characteristics, yet he never
forgets that he owes a still higher allegiance to the majesty of the law. Aside from
his work in the courts and as counselor he is assistant secretary of the Portland
Railway, Light & Power Company and has become a director in many other corpora-
tions.

On the 17th of April, 1905, in San Francisco, Mr. Leiter was married to Miss
Christabel Rose Sobey and they have become the parents of a son and two daughters:
John Arthur, Ruth Gifford and Barbara Rose.

Politically Mr. Leiter is a republican. During the World war he served on the
legal advisory board and assisted in promoting the bond drives. He has member-
ship with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is a member of the Chamber
of Commerce. He is equally well known in club circles, being identified with the
Arlington, University, Waverly, Multnomah Amateur Athletic and the Press Clubs.
A resident of Portland from the age of fifteen years, and actively identified with the
legal profession of the city for twenty-one years, Mr. Leiter has made himself a
creditable name and position both as a lawyer and citizen, and by all who know
him he is spoken of in terms of warm regard.

MICHAEL SPAHN.

In the death of Michael Spahn on the 21st of October, 1919, Portland lost one of
its representative business men, his progressiveness and enterprise having won for
him a place among the leading manufacturers of the city. He was born in Bavaria,
Germany, in 1862, a son of Kilian and Martha Spahn. He spent the period of his
minority in his native country, pursuing his education in the public schools there,
and in 1882, when twenty years of age, he sought the opportunities offered in the
new world. Crossing the Atlantic he arrived in Portland the same year and here

MICHAEL SPAHN

HISTORY OF OREGON 723

began work at the machinist's trade, having previously learned it in Germany.
He afterward turned his attention to farming, which he followed successfully for about
four years and then returned to Portland, where he purchased the plant of the
Columbia Elevator Company and took up the business of manufacturing freight ele-
vators and other devices. The business is still conducted and the product is sold all
over the Pacific northwest. After some time Mr. Spahn admitted his sons to a
partnership In the business and together they owned and operated the plant, Michael
Spahn filling the position of secretary and treasurer up to the time of his death, which
occurred on the 21st of October, 1919. He was very diligent and determined in all
that he undertook. His enterprise constituted a forceful factor in the attainment of
success, for at all times he held to the highest standards in manufacture and ever
recognized the fact that satisfied patrons are the best advertisement. Since the
death of her husband Mrs. Spahn has become the president of the company, while
her son, Albert John, is the secretary and treasurer and another son. Prank A., is
the vice president. The business has been thoroughly organized and has been
developed along progressive lines, resulting In the introduction of various improve-
ments in their output.

While on the farm Mr. Spahn was a member of the school board and was ever
a stalwart champion of the cause of education. He was himself a great reader and
it was his desire that his own and other children should have excellent school privileges,
thus qualifying them for life's practical and responsible duties. In politics he was a
democrat and fraternally was connected with the Modern Woodmen of America.

In 1885 Mr. Spahn was united in marriage to Miss Sabina Kummel, a daughter
of Peter and Martha Kummel, who were natives of Germany. Mrs. Spahn, who was
born in 1S61, came to the United States in 1881 and in the same year took up her
abode in Portland, where she has since made her home save for the brief period spent
on the farm. To Mr. and Mrs. Spahn were born seven children: Frank Albert;
Albert John; Amelia E., the wife of William Sleightam, of Portland: Oscar Henry;
Edwin R.; Rosa M.; and Clarence O. The family has long been well and favorably
known in this section of the state. Mr. Spahn had reached the age of fifty-seven
years when called to his final rest. He had made his life one of great activity and
usefulness and as a business man had won a most creditable position in the manu-
facturing circles of Portland. He was also keenly interested in affairs of public
moment and gave earnest support to all those projects which he deemed of general
worth.

W. A. HALLIDAY.

Wilbur A. Halliday is engaged in the insurance business at Baker, Oregon, where
he is also conducting an extensive automobile business. He is actuated in all that
he does by a most progressive spirit and step by step has advanced to a place of
prominence in connection with the business activity and consequent development of
this section of the state. He was born at Grants Pass, Oregon, in 1882, his foster
parents being Thomas W. and Emma H. (Ferguson) Halliday, both of whom were
natives of Ohio. They came to Oregon in pioneer times, settling at Vale and there
the father followed farming for a number of years. He has been called to the home
beyond, but the mother is still living.

Wilbur A. Halliday acquired a common school education at Vale, and Ontario,
this state, and also pursued a partial course in the Agricultural College at Corvallis,
Oregon. This was followed with a commercial course in Portland and thus liberal
training well qualified him for life's practical and responsible duties. He came to
Baker in 1905 and was here employed in an insurance office for a time, while later
he entered a law ofiice and subsequently was connected with one of the banking
institutions of the city. He established business on his own account in 1907 by
opening a real estate and insurance office and after eleven years, or in 1918, he with-
drew from the real estate business, but continued his insurance agency. About this
time he turned his attention to the automobile business by securing the agency of the
Overland, Oakland and Willys Knight cars and further broadened the scope of his busi-
ness to include the sale of tires and accessories. He established the largest and most
complete automobile repair shop in the city and today his automobile business is
one of extensive and gratifying proportions. He annually sells a large number of

724 HISTORY OP OREGON

cars, while his trade in accessories and tires is gratifying and the size of his repair
shop is at once indicative of the large amount of business which he does in that con-
nection. He also owns a farm and some real estate and has become one of the leading
and prosperous citizens of Baker.

It was here in 1907 that Mr. Halliday was united In marriage to Miss Ethel
Parker, a native of Baker and a daughter of Thomas and Verdie (Lewis) Parker,
who were pioneer settlers, their names being recorded on the list of the early resi-
dents of the state. In pioneer times the father was manager of a hotel and after-
ward filled the position of county clerk. He lived for some years at La Grande, but
afterward returned to Baker and both he and his wife have departed this life. Mr.
and Mrs. Halliday have two children: an adopted daughter, Elizabeth, who was born
in Baker, October 2, 1916; and Wilbur, who was born in Baker, December 1, 1917.

During the World war Mr. Halliday took active part in all the various drives
and had charge of the Red Cross drive, collecting in one drive over thirty-one thousand
dollars, giving practically three-fourths of his time to the work. Politically he is a
republican and while never ambitious to hold office has always been most loyal to
those interests tending to advance the welfare of community, commonwealth and
country. Fraternally he is both a Mason and an Elk. He belongs to the Commercial
Club and his religious faith is that of the Baptist church. He has served as secre-
tary of the Young Men's Christian Association and in 1919 was made vice president
thereof in recognition of the great interest and splendid work that he has done
for the society. He assisted in raising the earliest fund of five thousand dollars for
the association, whereby a lot was purchased preparatory to the building of the
Y. M. C. A. home and with the two drives that followed the association became the
owner of a fifty thousand dollar property free of debt. This was accomplished largely
by the personal solicitation of Mr. Halliday and his work in the various drives in
behalf of the project. He stands for all those forces which make for honorable man-
hood and for the uplift of the individual, as well as for all interests which contribute
to community betterment. His life has been a busy and useful one and his records
prove that success and an honored name may be won simultaneously.

OTTO ERICKSON.

The builders of the state of Oregon have shown pluck and energy to a marked
degree and none among them has outstripped in this respect Otto Erickson of Hills-
boro. He was born in Sweden in 1S69. His father, L. P. Erickson. was master
mechanic in the Swedish navy yard. Otto Erickson was educated in the common
schools of Sweden and came to America in 1S8S, arriving in Portland the same year.
Here he secured employment as a stationary engineer, a trade he had learned from
his father. He retained this position for a year and then became an engineer at the
mines. In 1890 he entered the employment of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company as an engineer on the river, remaining with that corporation until 1895,
when he went to Colorado. For seven years he worked for the Caribou Mining Com-
pany and in that short time was advanced from blacksmith to millmau, to master
mechanic and then to superintendent. In 1902, after seven years or service, he was
made general manager, a position which he held until 1911 when he was transferred
to Mexico as manager of the mines in that country. Conditions were such, however,
that in 1914 the mining properties of the company in Mexico were closed down, and
Mr. Erickson returned to Oregon and settled at Beaverton, Washington county, where
he had previously purchased a home.

Upon severing his connection with the mining company he was presented with
a handsome gold -watch bearing the following inscription: "Presented to Otto Erick-
son by the officers and directors of Yellow Mountain Gold Mining Company in appre-
ciation of his fidelity, integrity and nerve." The phrase aptly tells the secret of
Mr. Erickson's success in America. He landed in this country without knowledge
of the English language, but he attended night school at the Young Men's Christian
Association until he had mastered the tongue. Again, finding a knowledge of book-
keeping essential he took a course in accounting. So every problem which con-
fronted him was mastered.

In 1914 Mr. Erickson built a blacksmith shop and the pioneer garage of Beaver-
ton. The following year he became the agent for the Ford automobile and in 1917

HISTORY OF OREGON 725

Hillsboro was added to his territory, while by 191S he controlled all of Washington
county. Ford service stations were established in Hillsboro,' Beaverton and Forest
Grove for the sale of Ford automobiles and Fordson tractors. At Hillsboro, in 1917,
Mr. Erickson erected a brick garage with a floor space of ten thousand square feet
divided into showrooms, accessory department, repair shops and service station. The
extent of his business may be estimated from the fact that he carries a stock of
parts valued at twelve thousand dollars. His garage at Forest Grove measures sixty
by one hundred feet and that at Beaverton fifty by one hundred and twenty feet.
During his years of service from his salary alone Mr. Erickson saved some thirty
thousand dollars. His automobile business was started with a capital of thirty-
five hundred dollars and on August 1, 1920, the invested capital amounted to more
than ninety-six thousand dollars. The business is conducted under the corporate name
of Otto Erickson & Company. Mr. Erickson is the president and owns eighty per
cent of the stock, while the remaining twenty is shared by his employes who receive
it as a reward for faithful service.

Mr. Erickson has never sought public office, but he was at one time prevailed upon
to accept the office of mayor of Beaverton. Under his administration the streets of
the city were paved and the first concrete sidewalks were laid.

In 1895 Mr. Erickson was married in Portland to Miss Augusta Anderson who
died in 1906. leaving him two daughters, one of whom is now deceased while the
other, Edith Marguerite, is living in Portland. In 1911 he married Mrs. Mabel Carr,
a daughter of G. G. Gilmore, a California pioneer.

Mr. Erickson is a Mason of the thirty-second degree, a Shriner and an Elk. In
business circles his successful career has demonstrated that any young man of pluck
and energy, coupled with integrity and determination, can make good in this country
and become a respected and valued citizen.

JOSEPH WOOD HILL, M. D.

Dr. Joseph Wood Hill, widely known as one of the distinguished educators of
the northwest, having founded and promoted the Hill Military Academy of Portland,
was born May 28, 1856, in Westport, Connecticut, and is a son of Joseph Wakeman
and Ann R. (Wood) Hill. The father, who was born June 20, 1832, at Easton,
Connecticut, became a merchant at Westport. He traced his ancestry back to William
Hill, who came from Lyme Regis, England, in 1632, and settled at Dorchester, Massa-
chusetts. He lived at Windsor, Connecticut, in 1639, and was prominent in the early
history of that state, as was his son and namesake. The first William Hill was a
member of the general court of Connecticut in 1639 and served as deputy from Windsor
in that year and for several years thereafter. On the maternal side Dr. Hill comes
from the Wood family, which is of English origin, the first representatives of the
name arriving from Carlisle, England, in 1822 and settling at Pawtucket, Rhode
Island.

Dr. Hill prepared for college in the Selleck school at Norwalk, Connecticut. He
was graduated B. A. from Yale University in 1878 and M. D. from Willamette Uni-
versity in 1881. He was a member of Gamma Nu. He also served on the Gamma Nu
campaign corpmittee; rowed on the freshman crew in the fall regatta, and received
several honors in college.

His entire life has been devoted to educational Interests. In 1878 he became
lessee and head master of the old Bishop Scott grammar school, one of Portland's
oldest landmarks, founded by Bishop B. Wistar Morris in 1870. Dr. Hill continued
in that position until 1887, when the school became the Bishop Scott Academy, of
which he served as lessee and principal until 1901. In the latter year he severed
his business connection with the school board of the Episcopal diocese of Oregon,
controlling the Bishop Scott Academy, and founded the present Hill Military Academy,
situated at No. 821 Marshall street. Dr. Hill had long cherished the desire of estab-
lishing an academy of his own, in which he might embody and perfect his own ideas
and principles of education, developed through many years of experience and the
Hill Military Academy is the culmination and realization of this desire. The academy
is located in a beautiful and quiet residence portion of Portland and enjoys all of
the conveniences found in a large city, yet is sufficiently remote from the heart of

726 HISTORY OF OREGON

the town to be free from influences that would distract the minds of the pupils from
study.

The buildings are commodious and carefully planned and constructed throughout.
The main building, four stories high, is 'thoroughly modern in every respect, the
sanitary system is perfect and the precautions against fire have been adequately
provided by easily accessible fire escapes. The private rooms for the cadets, heated
by hot water and well lighted, are designed for two occupants and possess unusual
facilities for comfort. The armory, two stories high, contains the spacious drill hall
fifty by one hundred feet and the fully equipped workshops of the academy. During
his career in Oregon as an educator Dr. Hill has had more than three thousand
pupils under his charge and his "boys" can be found in every section of the northwest
and in many other parts of the country at large, successfully engaged in professional
pursuits or occupying responsible positions in the commercial world.

In 1910 Dr. Hill, though retaining the principalship, turned over the manage-
ment of the academy to his eldest son, Joseph Adams Hill, who became its vice
principal. Through the latter's wise and able management the academy has developed
along the most practical lines of modern education and has become one of the lead-
ing preparatory schools of the northwest, its diplomas being accepted by practically
every college in the United States that accredits preparatory schools. Its military
discipline is just, is administered without fear or favor and emphasizes every ad-
vantageous feature of military training without encroaching upon the time reserved
for studies. To the development and perfecting of the academy Dr. Hill has devoted
many years of his life and the completed project of his dreams will long stand as a
memorial to its founder, being the living embodiment of his high ideals and achieve-
ments along educational lines. On the retirement of Dr. Hill as principal in 1918
he became principal emeritus of Hill Military Academy and his son became principal,
assuming full charge of the institution.

On the 18th of November. 1878, Dr. Hill was married to Miss Jessie K. Adams,
a daughter of George S. and Polly M. Adams. Mrs. Hill died February 3, 1901, at
Portland, leaving three sons: Joseph Adams, who was born August 19, 1880; George
Wakeman, whose birth occurred on the 28th of July, 1885, and who died when about
five years of age; and Benjamin Wood, born February 18, 1890. On the 11th of
February, 1902, in Portland, Dr. Hill was married to Mrs. Laura E. MacEwan, a
daughter of J. C. and Martha McFarland, of The Dalles.

Dr. Hill originally gave his political support to the democratic party, but be-
lieving in the gold standard severed his connection with the party in 1896 and has
since been a consistent republican. He is an earnest and active member of the
Portland Rotary Club and in Masonry he has attained the Knights Templar degree
of the York Rite and is also a member of the Mystic Shrine. In religious faith he
is an Episcopalian. He has been a close student of governmental problems and
sociological and economic conditions, and he casts his infiuence where reform, progress
and intellectual and moral development lead the way.

His son, Joseph Adams Hill, who succeeded his father as principal, is a man
of liberal education, being a graduate of the Bishop Scott Academy and the Yale
Sheflfield Scientific School. He has had wide experience in the commercial world,
having been connected with the sales department of some of the largest steel and
wire corporations in the country and he has also engaged in mining in the west.
Joseph A. Hill is well equipped for the discharge of his responsible duties as principal
of the Hill Military Academy and his services have been very valuable in promoting
and continuing the growth and success of the institution, which is classed with the
leading preparatory schools of the Pacific northwest.

NELSON H. STEWART. D. D. S.

Dr. Nelson H. Stewart, enjoying an extensive dental practice in Baker, his present
professional position arguing well for further success and advancement in the future,
was born in Indiana in 1880, a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Harris) Stewart. The
father followed farming as a life work and remained in the east until called to the
home beyond.

Dr. Stewart of this review acquired a common school education in Indiana and then
began preparation for the practice of dentistry as a student In the North Pacific Dental
College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1903. He at once entered upon

HISTORY OF OREGON 727

the active work of his profession in Portland, but later removed to Astoria and in
1911 came to Baker, where he has since enjoyed a splendid practice, save for a brief
period spent in British Columbia. It was after the birth of his first child that he went
with his family to Vancouver, returning to the United States following the close of
the World war in December, 191S.

At Canyon City in 1916 Dr. Stewart was married to Miss Mayme A. Baisley, a
daughter of Ollie and Drusa (Payton) Baisley. Mrs. Stewart and her mother are
natives of Oregon, having been born in Baker county. Her father, who was born in
Missouri, followed farming for a long period and later turned his attention to mer-
chandising at Baker, but is now again a ranchman, living at Durkee, Baker county.
The mother is deceased. Dr. and Mrs. Stewart have two children: Marion, born in
Baker, in 1917: and Robert, born in 1919.

Dr. Stewart gives his political endorsement to the republican party, but has never
sought nor desired office. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias
and also with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks at Baker and is highly
esteemed in these organizations. He has also won a creditable place in professional
circles, his ability growing with the passing years, owing to his wide study and
experience.

AMOS M. ROBERTS.

Every citizen of Oregon has reason to be proud of the pioneer history of the state.
Into the northwest came a band of brave, resolute men, capable and efficient, showing
ready adaptibility to changed conditions and an understanding of the needs and
possibilities of the hew district to which they had penetrated. To this class belonged
Amos M. Roberts, who became one of the earliest lumbermen in the vicinity of Port-
land and who in the course of years acquired large landed interests that enabled him
to leave his family in most comfortable financial circumstances. His activities, more-
over, were always of a character that contributed to the upbuilding and progress of
the section in which he settled. He was born at Binghamton, New York, May 15,
1834, a son of James and Sarah (Martin) Roberts. He obtained his education in the
schools of his native city and there resided until he reached the age of seventeen
years, when the spirit of adventure and a desire to win fortune in the Golden West
led him to California in 1852. He made the trip by way of the water route, hoping
to find gold on reaching his destination. He spent five years in that state engaged in
mining but did not meet with the results which he had anticipated and accordingly
turned his attention to other business in order to win the success which was his ulti-
mate goal.

Mr. Roberts arrived in Portland in 1857 and here took up the logging business,
settling on the Columbia slough near St. Johns, where he purchased a tract of land
of one hundred acres. From this he cut the timber and further developed and im-
proved the property, converting the once wild land into productive fields. As time
passed on he became the owner of considerable property in St. Johns, making Judicious
investments there and maintaining his holdings at that place for more than thirty
years, during which time he was successfully carrying on agricultural interests.

On the 26th of September, 1858, Mr. Roberts was married at St. Johns to Miss
Susan Mary Caples, daughter of William and Harriett (Tracy) Caples, the former a
native of Maryland and the latter of Ohio. After the death of his wife in 1849 Mr.
Caples with his children made the trip across the plains to Oregon, settling at St.
Johns where he took up a donation claim and followed farming throughout his life.
He also engaged in the practice of medicine, being the first physician to hang out his
sign in Portland. His professional labors were of great value to the pioneer com-
munity. He was a great friend of education and his friends often called him to hold
school offices, being both on the school board and a director. He belonged to the
Evangelical church and tne sterling worth of his character was recognized by all
who knew him. He continued to make his home in Oregon to the time of his death
which occurred in 1889 when he had reached the advanced age of eighty-four years.

To Mr. and Mrs. Roberts were born six children: Wallace, who now resides at
Warren, Oregon; Artemus G.: Minnie M., the wife of William J. Ward of Portland;
Frances, the wife of Andrew J. Freum of Portland; Addie R., the wife of William
C. Elliott, also of this city: and Florence V.. the wife of Horace Oliver of Portland.

728 HISTORY OF OREGON

In his political views Mr. Roberts was a republican who gave stalwart allegiance
to the party. In an early day he served as justice of the peace at St. Johns. His
position on the temperance question is indicated in the fact that he was a member
of the Good Templar Society. He passed away April 15, 1910, leaving to his family
not only a substantial competence but also the priceless heritage of an untarnished
name. His widow since the death of her husband has successfully handled the real
estate holdings and is exceptionally active and capable for a woman of her age. She
has a very wide acquaintance in her section of the state, Including many whose warm
friendship she has enjoyed from pioneer times.

SALMON COWLES STEWART.

A man of keen business discernment and sound judgment, Salmon C. Stewart has
made for himself a creditable place in financial circles of his section of the state,
being now the president of the Lebanon National Bank. He was born in Henry
county, Iowa, March 11, 1S50, a son of James A. and Lucinda (Cowles) Stewart,
natives of Ohio. The father, who was a cooper by trade, came west to Iowa in 1840,
settling in Henry county, where he took up land and engaged in Its cultivation and
improvement. He followed farming in various parts of Iowa until 18S5, when he went
to Nebraska, taking up his abode in Minden, where he lived retired until his death
in September, 1893. The mother survived him for five years, passing away In 1898.

Salmon C. Stewart pursued his education in the country schools of Henry county,
Iowa, and afterward attended an academy at Pilot Grove, Lee county, Iowa. Upon the
completion of his studies he rented land which he operated for five years, or until
1880, when he went to Nebraska and took up land in Kearney county. For two
years he was engaged in the cultivation of that farm and then went to Minden,
Nebraska, where he turned his attention to the real estate and loan business, which
he conducted for two years. On the expiration of that period he went to Axtell,
Nebraska, where he became connected with financial interests, organizing the Bank
of Axtell in 1884. For twenty-seven years he served as president of that institution,
which prospered under his direction, becoming one of the successful banks of that
locality. In December, 1908, while still serving as chief executive officer of the Bank
of Axtell, he became one of the organizers of the Lebanon (Ore.) National Bank, and
on severing his connection with the Nebraska institution in May, 1911, he came again
to Oregon, residing for one year in Albany. In July, 1912, he became a resident
of Lebanon, Linn county, and was made president of the Lebanon Bank, which was
first organized as a state bank with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars
and in 1912 was nationalized. From that time forward the bank has shown a steady
increase in its business and the capital stock is now thirty-five thousand dollars, its
surplus and profits amount to twelve thousand, two hundred and ninety-nine dollars,
and its deposits total three hundred and three thousand, seven hundred and fifty-
eight dollars. Its officers are: Salmon C. Stewart, president; A. M. Reeves, vice
president; and T. D. O'Brien, cashier, all of whom are enterprising, substantial and
thoroughly reliable business men. In the control of the bank Mr. Stewart has dis-
played marked business ability, foresight and enterprise. A man of broad experience
in financial affairs he has watched every indication pointing to success and has
so directed his efforts as to inspire and win the confidence of the public. The
bank is housed in its own building, a modern two-story structure of brick, a portion
of which is devoted to offices. Its business has steadily grown along substantial
lines until it is today recognized as one of the sound moneyed institutions of this
part of the state. In addition to his financial interests Mr. Stewart is a stockholder
and director in the Lebanon Investment Company and the Lebanon-Santiam Lumber
Company and he is also the owner of three farms in Linn county. He is thus con-
tinually broadening the scope of his activities with good results and carries forward
to successful completion everything that he undertakes.

Mr. Stewart has been married three times. On the 31st of March, 1874, he
wedded Miss Ellen Goldsmith and they became the parents of three children: James
L., a prominent physician and surgeon of Boise, Idaho; Vallie H., the wife of T. D.
O'Brien, who is cashier of the Lebanon National Bank; and Viola E., who married
H. R. Shepherd of Kansas City, Missouri. The mother of these children passed
away in June, 1882, after a short illness, and on the 10th of May, 1885, Mr. Stewart

SALMON C. STEWART

HISTORY OV OREGON 7:31

married Dora Carpenter, who also bore him three children, namely: Stanley L., who
is well known in financial circles ot Oregon as state bank examiner and whose home
is at Lebanon; Max, who resides at home; and Nan, a resident of Los Angeles,
California. Mrs. Stewart passed away October 3, 1915, and on the 10th of June, 1918,
Mr. Stewart was united in marriage to Lulu Hall Lewis.

In his political views Mr. Stewart is a republican and while residing in Minden,
Nebraska, he served for one year as police judge and also as justice of the peace.
He is much interested in educational affairs and for one term was a member of the
school board at Lebanon. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and in religious
faith is a Presbyterian, the teachings of which church guide him in all of his
relations in life. Mr. Stewart has had broad experience in a business way and his
enterprise and energy have carried him forward to a substantial point on the high
road to success. He is widely and favorably known in the locality where he makes
his home, being recognized as an able financier, a representative business man and a
public-spirited citizen, loyal to the best interests of the community.

EARL C. BRONAUGH.

Admitted to the bar. Earl C. Bronaugh brought to the starting point of his career
certain rare qualities — a dignified presence, an earnestness of purpose and a sense of
high professional standards, combined with thorough knowledge of legal principles.
He early realized, too, the industry that is so essential to the careful and thorough
preparation of cases and from the outset of his professional career has been most
careful to conform his practice to the highest standard of professional ethics, which
has been to him not a matter of policy but a matter of principle.

Mr. Bronaugh was born in Cross county, Arkansas, February 26, 1866, his parents
being Earl C. and Araminta (Payne) Bronaugh. the former a native of Abingdon,
Virginia, born in 1831, while the latter was born in Tennessee. They were married,
however, in Arkansas and in the year 1S6S removed to the northwest, establishing
their home in Portland, where Mr. Bronaugh passed away on the 6th of March, 1899.
His widow survived him for two decades, her death occurring on the 5th of April, 1919.

Earl C. Bronaugh was but two years of age when brought by his parents to Port-
land, so that practically his entire life has been spent in the northwest. His home
surroundings were those which make for the development of high character and ideals.
Excellent educational opportunities were accorded him and after attending the public
schools of Portland he entered the College ot the Pacific at San Jose, California, and
was there graduated with the class of 1888, winning the Bachelor of Arts degree, while
three years later his alma mater conferred upon him the Master ot Arts degree. A
review of the broad field of business activity, with its varied opportunities along in-
dustrial, agricultural, commercial and professional lines, led him to the determination
to make the law his lite work and to this end he entered the University of Oregon
as a law student, winning his diploma and degree there in 1890. He was admitted
to the bar in June of the same year and entered upon active practice as junior partner
in the law firm of Bronaugh, McArthur, Fenton & Bronaugh. With the death of Judge
McArthur in 1897 and the retirement of Earl C. Bronaugh, Sr., from the firm, the
remaining partners were joined by William T. Muir, leading to the adoption of the
firm style of Fenton, Bronaugh & Muir. This connection was discontinued in February,
1900, at which time Earl C. Bronaugh was joined by his cousin, Jerry Bronaugh, in
organizing the law firm of Bronaugh & Bronaugh, which existed until the appoint-
ment of Earl C. Bronaugh to the circuit bench in December, 1907, by Governor Cham-
berlain as the successor of Judge Arthur L. Frazer. He filled out the unexpired term
of his predecessor and in June, 1908, was elected to the office, serving during the last
year of his incumbency on the bench as judge of the juvenile court. He was regarded
as a most fair and impartial judge, basing his rulings upon the law and the evidence
in the case. His term on the bench would have expired in January, 1911, but he
resigned on the 1st of June, 1910, again to enter upon the private practice of his pro-
fession. With his retirement from the bench a banquet was held in his honor, on
which occasion a loving cup was presented to him and the president of the Multnomah
County Bar Association said: "It is a remarkable fact and perhaps rightfully ap-
preciated that the highest honor that can be paid to Judge Bronaugh is to recall thai
in the history of Oregon's judiciary, notwithstanding the multitude of judges that

732 HISTORY OP OREGON

have come and gone in that interval, this is the second occasion when by unanimous
and spontaneous consent a testimonial of this character has been paid to a retiring
judge. Certainly the highest encomium of a judge's success in the administration
of his exalted and powerful office is not the plaudits of the multitude but the respect
and standing accorded him by the lawyers. Men at times who are elevated from
the ranks to a position of power and influence degenerate into tyrants, but in Judge
Bronaugh's case no man living and having experience with him would think of such
an aspersion to his judicial career. He not only loved a square deal but was himself
a square dealer." On resuming the private practice of law Judge Bronaugh con-
centrated his efforts and attention upon the law of real property and his opinions are
accepted as authority upon questions of this character throughout Portland. He has
himself become well known by reason of his operations in real estate and is now
the vice president and general counsel of the Title & Trust Company of Portland. He
has served for many years as local counsel for the states of Oregon and Washington
for the Alliance Trust Company, Limited, of Dundee, Scotland, also for the Investors
Mortgage & Security Company, Limited, and for the Western & Hawaiian Investment
Company, both of Edinburgh, Scotland. He was likewise at one time a director of
the Portland Trust Company of Oregon but resigned that position when he took his
place upon the bench.

On the 14th of June, 1888, in San Jose, California, Mr. Bronaugh wedded Miss Grace
L. Huggins, a daughter of Asa G. Huggins and a former classmate of her husband in
their college days. They have become the parents of four children: Elizabeth L.,
the eldest, is the wife of Joseph E. Hall of Klamath county, Oregon, and they have
three children: Gordon B., Earl Hall and Dorothy; Lewis J., the second of the family,
born in 1S91, married Frances Bragg: Earl C, born in 1894, is a graduate of the
University of Oregon of the class of 1917; Polly Grace is the wife of Orin Cheney. Mr.
and Mrs. Bronaugh are members of the Fourth Presbyterian church of Portland and
he has been an active representative of the Young Men's Christian Association, serving
as one of its board of directors. He was for many years superintendent of the Fourth
Presbyterian Sunday school, has been a member of the church board of trustees and
in various ways has taken most active and helpful part in the church work. That
he is interested in Portland's development and progress is seen in his association with
the Commercial Club. He belongs also to the Arlington Club and is a member of
the Phi Kappa Psi and the Phi Delta Phi, becoming, while a university student, one
of the organizers of Chase Chapter of the latter fraternity. Along strictly profes-
sional lines he is connected with the Multnomah County Bar Association and the State
Bar Association. His political endorsement is given to the republican party. He
served as a member of the city council from the seventh ward in 1900 and was made
chairman of the committee on streets, health and police and a member of the judiciary
committee. In 1901 he received legislative appointment as a member of the charter
board and was chairman of the committee on the executive department and a member
of the committee on the legislative department and was again appointed on the charter
commission in 1912. Fraternally he is a Mason of high rank and in 1919 was elected
grand master for the state of Oregon. He has taken the degrees of both the York
and Scottish Rites and is a member of the Mystic Shrine. The honors that have come
to him have not been sought but have been bestowed as a recognition of his capability,
his efficiency and his high character. Life is to him purposeful and he has been a
forceful and resourceful factor in accomplising projects which have looked to the
betterment of the individual, the uplift of the community and the advancement of
the commonwealth.

WILLIAM R. TAYLOR.

•William R. Taylor, a prominent and successful citizen of Athena, Umatilla county,
■was appointed acting sheriff upon the death of his brother, Sheriff Tillman Taylor,
and at the following election was a nominee of the democratic party to continue in
the office, but was not elected.

William R. Taylor is a native of Umatilla county, his birth having occurred two
miles south of Athena. He is a son of David and Sarah Ann (Gerking) Taylor. He
received his preliminary education in the schools of that vicinity and later took a busi-
ness course at the Portland Business College. After putting his textbooks aside he con-

HISTORY OF OREGON 733

tinued to farm the original home place, to which he has added from time to time, now
being in possession of a large amount of land, all of which he has brought to a high state
of cultivation. He is now residing in Athena, where he has purchased a fine home
and he taltes an active interest in all movements pertaining to the welfare of the
town and county.

On the 3d of December, 1S90, occurred the marriage of Mr. Taylor and Miss Nellie
Leeper, a daughter of Gilbert and Mary (Daft) Leeper, and a native of Iowa. To this
union two children were born: Edna, now Mrs. D. A. Clore, and Lucylle, who is at
home.

Mr. Taylor has always been a stanch supporter of the democratic party, in the
interests of which he has taken an active part. Fraternally he is identified with the
Elks and the Woodmen of the World. Along agricultural lines Mr. Taylor has en-
joyed a substantial amount of success and he has a host of friends in the community
where he has lived his entire life, who appreciate his true personal worth and many
sterling traits of character.

ALLEN CARL TUCKER, D. D. S.

Dr. Allen Carl Tucker, one of the prominent residents and successful practicing
dentists of St. Helens, is of the ninth generation from James Skiff, an Englishman who
sought religious freedom in America in 1665. The line of descent is traced through
Nathan Skiff (second generation); Benjamin (third generation); Benjamin (fourth
generation); Mary (fifth generation), who married Samuel Skiff, a distant cousin;
their son Gibbs (sixth generation), whose daughter Marilla (seventh generation)
married Norman Tucker; and their son, George F. Tucker (eighth generation), who
married Alice E. Sperry, and they were the father and mother of Allen C. Tucker.
On the Tucker side the first American record dates from 163S, but the various genera-
tions have not been followed up so closely by the younger members of the family.
The grandfather of Allen C. Tucker was born in Cherryville, New York, and was one
of the pioneers of Michigan, where he is recorded as a school teacher in 1844. His
son, Dr. George F. Tucker, was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1854, came to Oregon in
1874 and entered the dental office of his uncle in Salem.

Allen Carl Tucker was born in McMinnville, Oregon, in December, 1880. He
pursued his preliminary education in the grade schools of Yamhill county, later
attending the State Normal School at Monmouth, the Portland University and the
Northwestern University at Chicago, Illinois, where he was graduated in 1902 with
the degree of D. D. S. For twelve years he was associated with his father in the prac-
tice of dentistry in Portland, remaining there until 1914, when he established himself
in St. Helens, where he has continuously followed his profession.

Dr. Tucker was married in 1902 to Miss Barbara M. Raab, a native of Portland,
and they are the parents of four children: Carl J., Mildred Alice, Richard Allen and
Robert Willis. Fraternally Dr. Tucker is an Elk and a member of the Knights of
Pythias. He is a man much devoted to his profession and to his family and stands
high professionally and socially in St. Helens.

CHARLES LINCOLN CONYERS.

Charles Lincoln Conyers, owner of a musical merchandise store in Clatskanie, was
born in this city in 1864, the son of Enoch and Hannah (Bryant) Conyers. Enoch
Conyers was a native of Kentucky, a state of which his father was a pioneer. He
crossed the plains in 1852, and drifting along the coast settled at Clatskanie. Whether
it was because he found the country to his liking, or that some of its inhabitants
held him there is not known, but he married Hannah Bryant and is still living there
at the age of ninety-two years. Enoch Conyers was a sturdy man and did much for
his country, having established the first post office in the town and, though a farmer,
opened the first store. He held all the minor offices and in 1S60 represented Columbia
county in the state legislature. Having sold his first store he went into the merchandise
business again in 1889 in association with his son, who had grown to manhood.

Charles Lincoln Conyers was educated in the grade schools of his home town

734 HISTORY OF OREGON

and in 1889 went into tlie mercantile business witli his father, in which enterprise
he remained until 1894. He then took up a ranch, which he operated until 1899 and
then sold the ranch property and established a hardware business, which he conducted
until 1911, when he sold out and leased his building for a time. In 1913 he established
his present musical merchandise store, which he still conducts. Mr. Conyers built
a moving picture theater on the lots adjoining his music store and operated it until
1919, when he leased the property and confined his activities to the music store. He
handles high grade pianos and other instruments, and a full line of musical merchan-
dise, being agent for the Edison phonograph and all accessories, records, etc.

Mr. Conyers has served in every oilice in the gift of his people, from mayor to,
but not including, constable. He is a good roads enthusiast and has done more to
further the building of the lower Columbia River Highway than any other man in
the community.

On May 21, 1893, Mr. Conyers was married to Miss Lizzie P. Miller, a daughter
of W. S. Miller, a well known farmer of Columbia county. Mrs. Conyers has been
of great assistance to her husband in all of his undertakings. They have no children.
Mrs. Conyers is a member of the Rebekahs and is prominent in social activities in
Clatskanie, while Mr. Conyers belongs to the Maccabees and is an Odd Fellow, having
held all the offices in the latter organization. During the World war he was exceed-
ingly active in every measure that would promote the good of his country and com-
munity, and beside his time and money, gave his theater freely for all war meet-
ings. Mr. Conyers has five sisters and one brother, they are: Mrs. W. K. Tichenor,
Misses Millicent, Hannah, Azalea and Lillian Conyers, and William E. Conyers, all
of Clatskanie. ,

As a large holder of town property, as a business man and a citizen, Mr. Conyers is
widely known and held in high regard in Clatskanie and Columbia county.

LENTHAL A. BOLLMAN, M. D.

Dr. Lenthal A. Bollman, a successful physician and surgeon who since 1906 has
practiced his profession at Dallas, was born in Postville, Iowa, January 26, 1873, a son
of John W. and Martha B. (Mitchell) Bollman, the former a native of Ohio and
the latter of Michigan. When ten years of age the father accompanied his parents
on their removal westward to Iowa, the family settling in Winneshiek county. There
the grandfather took up land, which he cleared and developed, continuing active in
its cultivation and improvement throughout the remainder of his life. His son,
John W. Bollman, also took up the occupation of farming and in 1875 he went to
Minnesota, filing on a homestead in Rock county, which he brought to a high state
of development, and was active in its cultivation for nine years, or until 1884.
In that year he came to Oregon, settling in Lane county, where he purchased land
in the vicinity of Elmira, and this he improved and operated for about ten years,
when he took up his abode in Elmira, where for about a decade he engaged in gen-
eral merchandising. He then sold his store and went to Washington, locating in
Seattle, where he continued for six years, after which he purchased a farm near the
city, which he engaged in cultivating until the fall of 1920, when he removed to
Tacoma and there lives retired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. The mother
also survives and they are highly respected residents of their community.

The son, Lenthal A. Bollman, pursued his education in the district schools of
Lane county and in the public and high schools of Eugene, from which he was gradu-
ated in 1893. He then engaged in teaching in Lane, Douglas, Crook and Harney coun-
ties for six years, on the expiration of which period he entered the State Univer-
sity at Eugene, where he pursued a four years' course. Deciding upon a professional
career, he entered the medical department of the Willamette University, from which
he was graduated with the class of 1906, and he then opened an office in Dallas, where
he has since continued in practice. He does everything to perfect himself in his
chosen vocation and in 1910 and 1913 he took postgraduate work in New York city,
thus adding to his efficiency and skill. He carefully diagnoses his cases, and as he
thoroughly understands the scientific as well as the practical phases of the profes-
sion, he has been most successful in checking the ravages of disease and is now
accorded a large practice. He also has farming interests in Polk county and is the
owner of a thirty-five acre prune orchard, which he is cultivating with good success.

HISTORY OF OREGOX 737

In March, 1907, Dr. Bollman was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Jester and
they have become the parents of two children: J. Paul, who was born May 16, 1911;
and Lenthal A., born in March, 1915. In his political views the Doctor is a republican,
and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Methodist Episcopal
church. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias lodge at Dallas and
also is a Mason, holding membership in Al Kader Temple of the Mystic Shrine at
Portland. His professional connections are with the Medical Societies of Polk, Marion
and Yamhill counties, the Oregon State Medical Society and the American Medical
Association and he is serving as examiner for disabled soldiers in connection with
the United States public health service. Upon the organization of the state militia
in 1908 Dr. Bollman became first lieutenant and in 1909 he was promoted to the rank
of captain of Company H. He is a loyal and patriotic citizen and during the war
with Germany was active in the promotion of the various local drives. He utilizes
every possible opportunity to promote his knowledge and increase his eflficiency, and
his colleagues and contemporaries speak of him in terms of high regard, recognizing
in him an able physician and surgeon.

HARRY PRICE PALMER.

Harry Price Palmer, who passed away in 1919 in Portland, was prominently con-
nected with the development of the Irvington district and tor a number of years was
successfully engaged in the real estate and premotion business in this city. He was
a native of the golden west, his birth having occurred in Salinas, California, in 1877,
his parents being Willis W. and Nettie L. (Price) Palmer, who were natives of Maine
and on removing to the Pacific coast settled in California. They came to Oregon in
1878 and the father accepted a position in the office of the Oregonian at Portland.

Harry Price Palmer acquired his education in the schools of Portland and Spokane,
for he was only a year old when brought by his parents to the Rose city. He became
president of the Stock Exchange of Spokane aud there resided for about fourteen years.
His steady progress led to the attainment of success as the years passed, his powers
steadily developing and making him a forceful factor in the upbuilding of the com-
munity in which he lived. He possessed splendid powers of organization, combined
with thoroughness and efficiency, and whatever he undertook he carried forward to
successful completion. He returned to Portland in 1903 and here engaged in the real
estate business and in the promotion of business projects. He was foremost in the
upbuilding of the Irvington district, building many of the better homes in that section.
In 1916 Mr. Palmer went east to Detroit, where he promoted the consolidation of the
Kruger stores and many other stores. In 1919 he returned to Portland on a pleasure
trip and while in the city passed away.

In 1905 Mr. Palmer was married to Miss Grace Parelius, a daughter of Martin W.
and Jennie (HJorth) Parelius. who were natives of Norway and came to America
with their respective parents, Mr. Palmer arriving in Oregon in 1877. To Mr. and
Mrs. Palmer were born three children: Geraldine, Harry Price and Kingdon Parelius.

In his political views Mr. Palmer was an earnest republican as a result of his
close study of the vital questions and issues of the day, but while he believed firmly
in the principles of the party he never had time nor inclination to seek public office.
In Masonry he attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and was also
a member of the Mystic Shrine. His religious faith was that of the Presbyterian
church. His friends found him a most congenial person and he was never seen to
better advantage than in his own home and at his own fireside.

THADDEUS WHITE MILES.

Thaddeus White Miles, member of the Jackson county bar, practicing at Med-
ford, was born in Carthage, Missouri, in 1874, a son of John Webster and Ruth (White)
Miles. His father belonged to one of the pioneer families of Ohio and after living
for a time in Missouri removed to Kansas in early manhood. There he prospered in
business and won a reputation as a citizen of sterling worth. He took up his abode
in the Sunflower state at an early period in its development and served as the first

Vol. 11— 4 7

738 HISTORY OF OREGON

sheriff of Stafford county, Kansas. Later he became connected with the First National
Bank of St. John, Kansas, and devoted a number of years to the banking business,
contributing much to the substantial growth of the community in which he lived.

Thaddeus W. Miles was educated in the graded and high schools of St. John,
Kansas, and in early manhood took up the profession of teaching, which he followed
for about a year, but in 1892 decided to remove to the Pacific coast and here became
an orchardist. After pursuing a commercial course in the Salem Business College at
Salem, Oregon, he entered the law department of the University of Oregon and was
graduated therefrom with the class of 1900. Through the succeeding five years he
engaged in teaching school, but regarded this merely as an initial step to other pro-
fessional activity, it being his ambition eventually to concentrate his efforts upon law
practice.

In 1905 Mr. Miles opened a law office in Medford and about the same time organ-
ized the Jackson County Abstract Company, of which he was president for a period,
but the growth of his law practice forced him to give more and more of his time to
his professional duties and to relinquish active work in other connections, although
he remains the vice president of the Abstract Company. He has always prepared
his cases with great thoroughness and care and has presented his cause in a forceful,
logical and conclusive manner. His assertions are seldom, if ever, seriously ques-
tioned in court and he has won many notable verdicts, favorable to the interests of
his clients.

Mr. Miles married Miss Jessie M. Wagner, a daughter of Jacob Wagner, one of
the earliest of the pioneers of the Rogue River valley. Her father established the first
flour mill in the valley and was among the most progressive of its early settlers. Mount
Wagner, the famous snowclad peak that overlooks the valley, was named in his honor.

In public interest Mr. Miles has manifested deep concern and has given his hearty
cooperation to many well devised plans for the public good. He is a member of the
Medford city council and also chairman of the public library board. His wife takes
an active interest in social affairs and in the club work of the city and both Mr. and
Mrs. Miles occupy an enviable position in the regard of their fellow townsmen. He
is an Elk and is chairman of its board of trustees. All other interests in his life,
however, are made subservient to his duties and obligations as a representative of
the bar and he is now a member of the Southern Oregon Bar Association, which he
is serving as secretary.

JOHN MOCK.

When John Mock passed away on the 8th of August, 1918, history chronicled the
death of one who had for many years been a connecting link between the primitive
past and the progressive present. Moreover, he had made valuable contributions to
the work of general development and improvement as the years had gone by, not
only through the successful conduct of his business affairs but also through his specific
acts along the line of general improvement. He was largely instrumental in bringing
the street railway system to the peninsula, he made liberal grants of land for boule-
vard purposes and he also donated the land for the site of Columbia University.
These were but a few instances of his public spirit and his devotion to all that made
for progress and improvement, so that the name of John Mock has long been an
honored one among those who know aught of Portland's history.

Mr. Mock was born in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, October 4, 1838, his parents
being Henry and Elizabeth Mock, who were natives of Germany but in early life
came to the new world and for some years were residents of Mechanicsburg. In 1S44
the family removed to Platte county, Missouri, and there the father purchased a
forty-acre tract of land upon which he resided until 1852, when he again started
westward with his family. John Mock at that time was a youth of thirteen years
and drove a four-yoke team of oxen to the wagon and occasionally the two cows were
hitched in with the wagon. The boy handled this outfit with such skill that the trip
was completed without the loss of a single ox or cow, a feat rarely accomplised by
older men. John Mock also took his place with the men on the night watch, for there
was constant danger of the loss of cattle through Indian theft. On one occasion when
the party were fording the Platte river in Nebraska, he had a narrow escape from

HISTORY OF OREGON 739

drowning, but he had already learned to swim— contrary to his father's wishes and
unknown to his parents — and through this knowledge he was able to make his escape
from the water. As they journeyed westward it was found necessary to sacrifice a
part of their load In order to relieve the travel-worn oxen. The father was unwilling
to fhrow anything away, so John and his mother decided to part with a large basket
of their finest china and in the night threw it into the lake. When the family reached
The Dalles the father sold two yoke of oxen and loaded the wagon upon a scow, on
which he and his wife made their way down the Columbia to the Upper Cascades,
while John drove the other oxen over the trail, joining his parents at the Cascades.
The wagon was then put together again and they thus traveled to the Lower Cascades,
where the household goods were once more loaded on a boat, while John Mock drove
the oxen to the Sandy and there met his parents. From that point they proceeded
by wagon toward' Portland, where they arrived in October, 1852. For three weeks
the family camped at Sullivan's gulch, turning their cattle loose to let them graze,
but the animals strolled off and it was while in search of them that the family came
to the present site of St. Johns, where they met Dr. Caples, who induced them to
spend the winter with him. Dr. Caples was the first practicing physician of Port-
land and the Mock family occupied one of his places until the spring, when the father
took up a donation claim of three hundred and seventeen acres in the district now
known as University Park. Neighbors assisted them in building their first log cabin,
which continued to be the family home until 1874. Their experiences were those of
the pioneer who faces hardships and privations in making a start, but finds that
nature is gracious to those who wisely employ their time and utilize their oppor-
tunities. In the first year they cleared a small tract of land which they planted
with seeds which the mother had brought from the east. The vegetables which they
thus raised largely constituted their diet, together with the ducks and geese which
they shot on the bottom land. In the second year the father purchased a hog, which
he fattened on wild potatoes known as wapatoos that grew in the vicinity and John
Mock was often heard to say that when the animal was slaughtered it was the finest
meat he had ever tasted. The cost of living was then as now very high, flour of an
inferior quality selling for from ten to twelve dollars per sack. The unsettled condi-
tion of the district in which the family lived is indicated by the fact that wild animals
of various kinds were shot and killed. On one occasion when John Mock had been
spending the evening at the home of a neighbor he started home after ten o'clock
and was making his way along a dense grove when he heard a noise in the bushes and
the next instant felt against him the cold nose of some animal, but could see nothing
of the beast save the eyes shining like two balls of fire. Having no weapon he took
out his pocket-knife, all the while fixing his gaze upon those fiery eyes and expecting
to be attacked at any moment, but the animal slunk back into the bushes. The next
day he learned that it was a panther which had been trailed by the neighbors' dogs
and shot and which measured nine feet from its nose to the tip of its tail. As the
years passed Mr. Mock bore his part in the task of clearing, developing and improving
his farm, on which he remained until he reached the age of eighteen years and then
started out independently, devoting the succeeding six years to mining and the opera-
tion of a pack train.

When that period had elapsed Mr. Mock came again to Portland where he spent
some years with his parents. Following the death of his mother in 1876 he purchased
the property of his father, who at that time had attained the age of seventy-five. The
father then returned to Germany to visit his friends and while there was robbed
of all he possessed. After two years John Mock sent the money to his father to
return to America and the latter made his home with his son until his death, which
occurred when he had reached the notable old age of ninety-one years.

After again taking up his abode on the old homestead farm Mr. Mock of this
review devoted his energies to its further development and improvement and brought
it under a high state of cultivation. In 1874 he built a cabin of hewn logs seventeen
by twenty-four feet and occupied it until it was destroyed by fire with all of its con-
tents, including the family records and many articles of value, in 1889. Notwith-
standing this he prospered as the years passed, owing to the careful management of
his farming interests and the natural rise in land values incident to the rapid settle-
ment of the country.

On the 4th of August, 1874, Mr. Mock was united in marriage to Miss Mary M.
Sunderland, a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Sunderland who came across the
plains from Iowa. To Mr. and Mrs. Mock were born the following named: Mary

740 HISTORY OF OREGOX

Elizabeth, now the wife of J. B. Yeon of Portland; John Benjamin, who married
Vietta Curtis; Lillie Catherine, the wife of Dr. William F. Amos; and Margaret Alice.
As the years passed Mr. Mock saw great changes in the district in which he re-
sided. For a long period there was no road between St. Johns and Portland and the
produce was carried to market by boat. Today it is almost impossible to tell where
the one city ends and the other begins, such has been the extension of Portland's
boundaries. Mr. Mock always rejoiced in what was accomplished in the way of
development and improvement. He lived to see the Willamette boulevard built along
the Willamette river past the beautiful residence which he erected; in fact he did
much toward granting land for boulevard purposes and was a most generous con-
tributor to various kinds of public development. Columbia University received its
splendid campus as the result of his interest in education and he labored earnestly
toward developing the street railway system in the peninsula. He was a thirty-second
degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine and was also a member of the Grange.
At various times he filled offices of public honor and trust. His life was indeed one
of great activity and usefulness and he had almost reached the eightieth milestone
when he was called to his final rest. His reminiscences of the early days were
extremely interesting and gave accurate accounts of conditions in the early period
and the work of progress as the years passed. He was widely known among the
pioneer settlers, nor were his friends limited to the acquaintances of early days for
those whom he met in later years recognized his true worth and entertained for him
the warmest regard.

TOM DOBSON.

"Maker of music. Singer of songs —

You, too, taken? How the heart longs

To tell how we loved that way you had

Of singing life, half gay, half sad;

And loved and marveled at the exquisite ease

■With which your hands caressed the keys.

And how we found pleasure in every note

That lifted a melody out from your throat.

These things we would tell — these, and one more —

A thanks for your songs. They were lovely before;

But now you have gone, they're sweet, sweet breath

You'll be breathing for those whom you loved, after death."

These were the lines written of Tom Dobson after he had passed away. A Port-
land boy, he became one of the most distinguished singers and composers of America;
but while early crowned with the laurel wreath of fame, he lives in the affectionate
remembrance of all who knew him, not only because of his wonderful artistic gifts
but also by reason of the personality that had as its basic elements a deep interest
in mankind and appreciation of the pathos and the joy, the tragedy and the humor of
life. There are few men of twenty-eight years who have lived so fully and contributed
so greatly to the world's happiness as did Tom Dobson. Oregon had reason to be
proud to number him among her native sons. He was born in Portland, August 17,
1890, his parents being Thomas and Amy (Berry) Dobson. The father was born in
Lancashire, England, in 1844, and was a son of James and Dorothy (Townsend) Dobson,
who came to the United States in 1856, when their son Thomas was a youth of twelve,
years. They settled in Illinois, where he was reared, and in 1862, when a youth of
eighteen, he responded to the call of his adopted country and joined Company C of
the Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, with which he served with unfaltering loyalty
and valor until discharged at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in July, ISSa The year 1883
chronicled his residence in Portland. He built the second house in Albina and was
prominently identified with the development and improvement of that section for an
extended period, continuing his residence in Portland until his death, which occurred
June 25, 1907. In 1877 he had married Amy Berry, a daughter of James T. and Alida
(Winstone) Berry, the former a representative of an old family of Kentucky and the
latter of one of the old Virginia families. James T. Berry was one of the early sur-
veyors of the Pacific northwest, where he was widely known in this connection for

TOM DOBSON

HISTORY OP OREGON 743

many years. There were two children born to Thomas ^nd Amy (Berry) Dobson, the
daughter being Margaret, now the wife of John F. Logan, an attorney of Portland.
The son, Thomas Dobson, Jr., but always known as Tom, was graduated from the
Lincoln high school of Portland and afterward continued his education in Berkeley,
California. That nature had endowed him with superior musical talent was early
evident. When but eight years of age he became the leading boy soprano in Trinity
church choir of Portland and even prior to this time had begun the study of piano
and voice. When but ten years of age he went to San Francisco, where for two
winters he was a member of the choir of St. Luke's church. Later, in Washington,
D. C, he was the leading soprano in St. John's church and then, when thirteen years
of age, he returned to his home in Portland, Oregon, to complete his high school edu-
cation and while resting his voice studied piano and organ under Edgar Coursen.
He had reached the age of sixteen when he first went to Berkeley, California, and
there he studied piano with Wallace A. Sabin and voice with Mrs. Jessie Wilson Taylor.
Thoroughness characterized all that he undertook and during his tour years' residence
in Berkeley he devoted much time to the study of Italian, French and German, while
his intimate knowledge of English and continental literature was ever a constant
source of surprise and delight to his friends. He completed his musical education
in New York city, whither he went in September, 1911, to study piano and composition
with Howard Brockway and also continued his vocal studies under some of the best
American teachers of the metropolis. In May, 1913, he went to Europe, spending five
months in study abroad. He had intended to return to Europe in 1917 in order to
perfect his knowledge of the languages, but did not on account of the war. He wished
to be purely American in his art — a quality indicative of his intense loyalty to his
native land. He visited London with Stanley Houghton, the great English playwright,
where they put on a play. His first New York recital was given at the Punch & Judy
theater on March 15, 1914, on which occasion he played his own accompaniments and
sang many of his own compositions. It has been said of him: "His children's songs
seem to reach the hearts of his listeners more directly perhaps than any others. His
clear diction, his power of interpretation and individual charm won him a unique
place, while his abounding good nature, his rare sense of humor and generous use of
his gifts soon brought him a large circle of friends, to whom he endeared himself by
his remarkable memory, his wide and intimate knowledge of both music and letters
and his sheer likeableness." From the time of his first appearance he devoted himself
to concert work and to composition. While he wrote largely for children, he also
set to music some of the poems of John Masefield, James Stephens and other writers,
and his interpretation of the classics in music produced in all countries could scarcely
be surpassed. His French, German and Italian were practically faultless and his
enunciation of English the clearest and purest. He appeared in concert work for
many of the leading musical societies of the east and of the west. He interpreted
Grieg, Brahms-Volkslieder, Brockway and Carpenter with the same ease and ability
that he did his own compositions. The music critics of New York acclaimed him as
"a delightful entertainer, very original in some of his work and even unique in other
ways." Another wrote: "Great should be his name and greatly to be praised, he who
at a song recital nowadays can keep the senses of his hearers alert, their interest keen
and their sympathies warm for an hour. The singer, Tom Dobson, who came to us
from some unheralded region toward the end of last season, did that then, and it was

with pleasurable expectations that his concert was attended yesterday afternoon

The singer, his voice, his manner, his art, his songs, the pleasant intimacy of the
unique little playhouse. ... It is a gracious form of entertainment that he has hit
upon and far from its smallest element of charm is the mingling of high art with
homely in the choice of his songs and the varying manner in which he sings them."
After a concert given at Carnegie Hall in New York a musical critic wrote of him as
"a unique singer who has a repertoire of four hundred and fifty unusual songs, who
plays his own accompaniments and who sings his own charming compositions — in
short an artist of exceptional and delightful attainments." Vogue, in an article entitled
"Makers of Music," said: "Tom Dobson is another young artist with the same shrewd
sense of what makes the musician worth while. He is possessed of a most charming
tenor voice, which he manipulates with delicate and finished artistry. Understanding
clearly his particular abilities and limitations, he has consistently cultivated only
those types of song which he knew belonged to him. At a recital early in April
he proved himself well nigh perfect in his delivery of French songs and of those
humorous genre pieces which are the despair of the conventional singer."

744 HISTORY OF 0REC40X

When America entered the World war Tom Dobson endeavored to join the service
but was rejected. He then did the next best thing— he gave his services most freely
and graciously for the entertainment of the boys in the cantonments and in assistance
of many entertainments held for the benefit of the Red Cross and other war activities.
For three weeks he sold Liberty bonds in New York, and he was with Irving Cobb in
the east when they gave an entertainment, selling more Liberty bonds than at any
other point. He assisted at the Venetian fete in the home of Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt
when five thousand dollars was raised for the devastated homes of Venice. He sang
at the Ritz-Carlton in New York when an entertainment was held for the benefit of
the permanent blind, and again and again appeared in connection with the Stage
Women's War Relief. The joy which he gave to the soldiers and sailors is perhaps
best indicated in a letter which was written to his mother by Richard Welling: "I
cannot go back to Montauk without freeing my mind of some things I longed to say
to you today at St. Thomas' chapel. If I could give you even a suggestion of the
repeated pleasure your dear boy gave the sailors this past summer both at Southampton,
Easthampton and at the Y. M. C. A. building in Montauk, you would, I think, be almost
incredulous that one human being's talents could bring so much happiness. Such an
exquisitely kindly sense of humor as his, bespeaking as it does so much imagination
and sympathy, alters the whole mental outlook of a camp. You know what splendid
grumblers sailors are, and how all those on this coast longed in vain to get abroad.
Well, this frame of mind often threatened the morale of the men, and at such times
a few songs by Tom Dobson could be counted on to Inculcate infinite patience and
toleration of all our grievances. It was like magic or balm to troubled souls. We
cannot get over our loss. There does not pretend to be another singer who was poet^
philosopher, subtle humorist and personal friend of every sailor in the audience after
the fashion of your dear boy. At the end of one of his songs the men lost all shyness
and flocked about and talked as though they had just found an old friend they had
been looking for all their lives. Pray accept our heartfelt sympathy and believe me,
my dear Mrs. Dobson, faithfully yours."

Death came to Tom Dobson in New Y'ork, November 25, 1918. He had assisted
in the care of a friend ill of influenza, contracted the disease and with the develop-
ment of pneumonia he passed on to "join the choir invisible of the immortal dead."
One of his old-time Portland friends wrote: "The tragic passing of Tom Dobson
has affected us all very painfully. Tom had preeminently a genius for friendship;
the friendship that does not inquire, question or criticise, but just accepts; the friend-
ship that is a golden gift. Of all the singers I have ever known, Tom was the one
of whom it could most truly be said: 'He was a born singer.' If we should ever meet
him again, we shall first become aware of his presence by a song." Score upon score
of letters were received by Mrs. Dobson expressing the deepest sorrow at the passing
of her son. That he made strong appeal not only to his own countrymen but to those
of other lands as well is indicated by the following letter: "I am Lieutenant Dormeuil,
French officer in the United States, and I had the great pleasure of meeting your dear
son Tom several times at Mrs. Fish's house. I want to tell you the deep sorrow his
death has caused me. Although I had not known Tom for long, I had the greatest
and most sincere affection for the splendid boy he was and I am quite broken-hearted
over his so sudden death. I was away, traveling in the west, and was most sorry not
to be able to attend his funeral. I should have liked to tell you mvself of the
great admiration I had for Tom and of my real friendship and love for him. I wish
to condole with you over the great loss you have sustained and with kindest regards,
I remain yours very sincerely, Pierre Dormeuil." One of the Portland dailies said
editorially: "To the great mass of the American music-loving public, especially in
this city and New York city, the death of Tom Dobson means that a friend has passed
whose place it is not easy to fill. There are other singers, other entertainers, other
singers of funny and serious songs, but only Tom Dobson could deliver his message —
and the harp that he played so well and so skillfully is silent. Tom Dobson had a
merry smile, a cheerful look that healed better than drug-store medicine. He was in
his happiest mood when, seated before an audience, he played his own accompaniments
to funny little songs like 'A Fat Little Feller' or 'When I Was One and Twenty.' He
sang the words distinctly and his face always was composed until the last bar of
music was sung. Then invariably he turned toward the laughing audience, and his
face was sunny in smiles, as if he were saying: 'Say, good folks, let me in on the
joke, too. I'll laugh with you.' And he did. Yes, Tom Dobson's merry smiles, his
good fellowship, his free and easy manners as a song comrade, always were features

HISTORY OF OUE(iOX 74.')

of the Dobson concerts. Tom Dobson's piano accompaniments also were music gems
that were treasured in the minds of audiences long after the dates and places of the
concerts were dim. The Dobson songs were inimitable, because their composer created
a sunshine place for himself in American music." His standing among the musical
composers of the country is indicated in the tribute of Dr. Class, well known musical
writer, who said: "Tom Dobson is dead, and one cannot yet comprehend. The wish
is devoutly father to the thought. None the less, an original and gifted artist has
been interrupted in his work. While waiting upon a brother artist ill with the recent
epidemic infection, he, too, was overtaken, went quietly to a hospital and shortly after-
ward died. Generously formed of body, his soul was an etching, and his smile an
incentive to mend one's ways. At an intimate party he was a source of continuous
joy, and the next morning he was a recollection, savory and satisfactory. For any
composer to hear Dobson interpret a composition was a tour de force in sudden light.
A plangent personality, an inimitable mimic — especially of himself, his comings and
goings were the quintessence of amiable disorder. But his conscience was as inexor-
able as the tide. And the details of his art had the ordered perfection that rewarded
the fastidious. Tom Dobson is dead. His friends are the richer for his friendship,
and his musical world forever and ungrudgingly in his debt."

The strong appeal which Tom Dobson made to people is perhaps better indicated
in no other way than by a letter written to him by Mrs. Riggs, better known to the
literary world as Kate Douglas Wiggin. The letter is as follows: "Dear Mr. Dobson:
I cannot quite account for it, but fifteen minutes after I heard you sing, I wanted to
take an indirect hand in your future, somehow. I'm not young enough to be a sister
to you; you have a mother and I have pitched upon an aunt as the most satisfactory
relationship. Miss Van Dresser and Miss Norman already being in active relation,
I propose a Married & Maiden Aunt Company, Limited, formed for the specific purpose
of nourishing your talents; training the public to a still more ardent appreciation of
them; and lopping off any little eccentricities of genius that may appear as you get
more famous. I have suggested that we form a Limited Company, because, although
you should be a free agent and elect another aunt now and then when so disposed,
we shouldn't want to become a weltering mass of aunts, at the mercy of every good
looking, enthusiastic and interesting woman who might take a fancy to you. As we
now stand:

Marcia Van Dresser

T. Norman

Kate D. Riggs,
we are a very intelligent, agreeable and rather exclusive combination; and though
self-elected in this instance, we should be very difficult to secure under ordinary
circumstances. I have no desire to be Caruso's aunt, nor George Hamlin's nor Herbert
Wltherspoon's! When selecting a singing nephew my taste inclines to somewhat plump,
young ones; who play their own accompaniments, compose their own songs (and other
people's), are potential poets and indulge heavily in ice cream. You needn't sign any
adoption papers till after your concert. If you sing badly nobody'U want you for a
nephew and if you sing beautifully the audience at the Punch & Judy will be one vast
aunt-hill." The friendship thus begun was continued to the end of his life and "Aunt
Kate" indicated a relationship that was cherished by both. No more beautiful tribute
was written of him than that penned by Mrs. Riggs at the time of his demise and
which has appeared in connection with a volume of songs the music of which is his
own composition. "Tom Dobson is dead! As I write the quaint boyish name that
never completely defined or expressed him it seems impossible that only a week ago
he made his little part of the world vibrant with his unique personality. As singer,
accompanist and composer he was known only to a few hundreds in a few cities east
and west, but by those hundreds he will be remembered longer than many a great
artist whose grave is surmounted by a towering monument of marble. With a voice
of no intrinsic beauty, he had the power to make the speech of his songs music and
the songs themselves something altogether rare and lovely. A sense of humor is
perhaps a dangerous gift to a singer unless he uses it discreetly — a socalled 'comic
song' being frequently the lowest form of art; but Tom Dobson's sense of humor was
of an exclusive sort that belonged to him alone. One could laugh again and again at
his perfectly irresistible musical (and always musicianly) pranks! There was the
most delicious humor in his face, in his voice, in his fingers; indeed his very body
was eloquent with mischief when he sang certain songs of his own making. One
laughed at him, and with him, whole-heartedly; but in another instant one found that

746 HISTORY OF OREGON

all this nonsense was but the upper current of a deeper sea. A few chords, a change
of theme and he made mirth seem cheap and obvious while he touched the hearts of
his hearers and made their eyes moist with unshed tears. Who will ever forget his sing-
ing of John Carpenter's 'Improving Songs for Anxious Children'— the wittiest things of
their kind in all musical literature, He could wake ripples of merriment in an audi-
ence without once losing his boyish dignity, and he always had beautiful contrasts in
reserve, among them many of his own settings of John Masefield's verses, in which
he showed his heart and imagination, the sources from which he drew both laughter
and tears; for after all, unless an artist has this twofold power there is no touch of
genius in him. He was a Protean creature — Tom Dobson; versatile, mischievous, witty,
tender, manly, lovable, full to the brim of creative talent, and all these qualities were
mirrored in his work. To those who have only heard him in a few public recitals
this seems fulsome praise, but it will be simple truth to the little circle of musical
and literary friends who knew him intimately. I do not quite know how to measure
such terms as 'greatness' and 'littleness!' When I recall the hours of keen delight
this boy's music gave me — the pure fun, the joy in the fresh revelation of some fine
poem wrought into music, and contrast them with the boredom I have suffered when
hearing some academic darling of the critics — I can only reflect that there are voices
and other voices, singers and other singers, artists, artisans and interpreters of all
sorts. There are those whose perfections leave one cold, and others who redeem their
faults with every breath they draw. There is the estimable human machine, and
there is the natural 'spellbinder,' a part of whose power lies in his own feeling and
a part in the feeling that he evokes in his audience. There is nothing so undying, so
persistent as personality. It is one of the perpetual fires that continues to burn long
after other flames are extinguished. The critics, did they review the seemingly fore-
shortened, unfinished life of this young artist would not perhaps place him in the
first rank; but the first rank, though never crowded, must always include half a
hundred names or more, and Tom Dobson, if not among these shining ones, would
always have had, must always have had a place all his own! There he is, and there
he will forever be, enshrined in the hearts of his loyal admirers and friends. It is such
as he who are passionately mourned and never replaced."

CHARLES EDGAR COCHRAN.

Charles Edgar Cochran, assistant general attorney of the Oregon-Washington Rail-
road & Navigation Company, was born on a farm in Union county, this state. May 8,
1873, a representative of one of the pioneer families. His father, Samuel Cochran,
was born in Wayne county, Iowa, May 17, 1846, and devoted his entire life to the
occupation of farming until his retirement. He was married in his native county to
Miss Louisa Jane Ruckman. also a native of Iowa, and in 1872 they came to Oregon,
where the mother's death occurred on the 29th of August, 1910. The father survives
and resides in the Rose City.

Charles E. Cochran acquired his early education in the country schools of Union
county and afterward attended the high school at -Union, Oregon, from which he was
graduated in 1887. Ambitious to acquire a thorough education as a preparation for
life's practical and responsible duties, he then entered the State Normal School at
Monmouth, Oregon, and was there graduated in 1890. In preparation for the legal
profession he went to Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he entered the University of
Michigan and is now numbered among its alumni of 1894. Immediately afterward he
returned to Union, where he opened a law office in the month of October, having been
admitted to the bar of the state in the previous June. He continued to practice there
until October, 1906, when he removed to La Grande, Oregon, remaining a member of
the bar of that city until July, 1912. He then came to Portland and entered the law
department of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company as assistant
general attorney and has since acted in that capacity. He is likewise assistant secre-
tary of the corporation, is also secretary of the San Francisco & Portland Steamship
Company, the secretary of the Oregon & Washington Railroad Company and a director
of the State Bank of Portland. His business interests are thus extensive and of an
important character, connecting him with a number of the leading corporations of
the state.

On the 20th of May, 1905, in La Grande, Oregon, Mr. Cochran was married to

HISTORY OF OREGON 747

Miss Nellie Virginia Ghormley, a native of Rochelle, Indiana, and to them have been
born two children: Ruth Melissa and Jane Virginia. Politically Mr. Cochran is a
republican. During the World war he served on the legal advisory board and was
most active in support of federal interests. He was made chairman of the legal com-
mittee of the State Council of Defense, chairman of the Committee of Seventy for
the instruction of drafted men as to their civil rights and privileges and was also
active along various other lines which had to do with the prosecution and financing
of the war. He has attained high rank in Masonry, being a Knight Templar and
also a member of the Consistory and the Mystic Shrine. He has membership with
the Knights of Pythias and is well known in club circles. He is president of the
Irvington Club and a past president of the Portland Rotary Club. He is also gov-
ernor of the twenty-second district, comprising Oregon, Washington and British
Columbia, of the International Association of Rotary Clubs. His religious faith is
indicated in his connection with the Westminster Presbyterian church of Portland and
he is serving as a member of its board of sessions. His interests extend to all of
those activities which have to do with the material, intellectual, social and moral
progress of the community and his labors have been an effective force along many lines
of advancement.

ELBERT BROWN HALL.

A man of keen business discernment and sound judgment. Elbert Brown Hall has
made for himself a prominent place in the business circles of Klamath Falls as pro-
prietor of Hotel Hall. He has been in the hotel business for many years, growing
with the town, and his present hostelry is located in the center of the business district.
A fine new annex has recently been added, the main feature of which is a beautifully
appointed sun parlor in which many of the largest social functions of the town are
staged. Commercial travelers from all over the state highly commend Hotel Hall
as having the best rooms and sample rooms for an establishment of its size in this
section of the country.

Mr. Hall was born in Centralia, Illinois, September 25, 1871, a son of Hibbard and
Margaret Alice (Brown) Hall. On the paternal side the ancestry is traceable to the
early Quakers of western Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio, who settled in that region
at the time when there was no state dividing line. Hibbard Hall moved into Illinois
at an early day and it was in that state that he married and established himself in
the machine shop business.

Elbert Brown Hall was educated in the grade schools of Centralia, Illinois, and
after graduating from the high school there he went to Greeley, Colorado, where he
accepted a clerkship in a store. At twenty-two years of age he owned a halt interest
in the establishment but shortly afterward met with quite a loss when fire destroyed
the building and the greater part of the stock. He did not, however, allow that mis-
fortune to break his spirit and packing up his few personal belongings started to
prospect in Colorado but failed to get good results from his labor and subsequently
removed to a small town in Boulder county, that state. He opened a general mer-
cantile store, in connection with which he ran a hotel in an adjoining building, and
there he remained for three years. Achieving more than a substantial amount of
success in the conduct of his hotel he determined to specialize along that line. De-
sirous of trying his luck at running a hotel in a larger town he went to Denver but
remained in that city only one year. Southern California then attracted his attention
and while there he became interested in land sales in southern Oregon. Within a
year he went to Portland and soon afterward removed to Klamath Falls, arriving in
that city in 1905. There he engaged in the real estate business and in farming for
about three years. He then entered the hotel business, in which he has since engaged
for a period of over ten years. When he first located in Klamath Falls the business
section of the town was situated along the banks of the Link river on the old site
of Linkville. For three years he conducted the Baldwin Hotel, which is still stand-
ing in the west end of Klamath Palls, but he disposed of that property and moved
eastward with the city's growth, purchasing the Livermoore Hotel, in the conduct of
which he was successful for many years. Shortly after the erection of the White
Pelican Hotel he took over that hostelry and conducted both houses, the Livermoore
having been renamed Hotel Hall. Severing his connections with the White Pelican,

748 HISTOKY OF OREGO?v:

Mr. Hall has since 1919 devoted his entire time to the management of Hotel Hall and
Hall Annex, the latter being the handsomest and most modernly constructed building
in Klamath Palls.

In Los Angeles in 1902 occurred the marriage of Mr. Hall and Miss Catharine L.
Cook, a native of California. In the social affairs of Klamath Falls she takes a promi-
nent part and she is readily conceded by her many friends to be a charming hostess.
She takes an active interest in the conduct of the hotel and it was under her able
direction that the sun parlor in the White Pelican Hotel was built. Upon the erection
of the Hotel Annex, therefore, it was only natural that it should contain a sun parlor
and this is one of the most beautiful and artistically appointed spots in the city. Mrs.
Hall entertains a great deal.

To his many friends Mr. Hall is affectionately known as "Bert." He has been
active in public connection and as president of the Chamber of Commerce has ren-
dered valuable service to his city in promoting its interests. It was under his able
direction as executive of the chamber that twenty-five thousand dollars was secured
for civic betterment. Fraternally Mr. Hall is an exemplary member of the Masons,
being a Knight Templar and Shriner, and he is likewise past exalted ruler of the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. While his interests are now centered in Klamath
Falls he still owns some three hundred acres of land in southern Oregon in addition
to a forty acre almond orchard in California. Mr. Hall will ever be identified with
the hotel business in Klamath Falls and he will continue to advance as the city advances.
A little thoughtful consideration of the career of Mr. Hall brings one to the conclusion
that he has in most of his operations been impelled by the spirit of the pioneer. He
has sought out new plans and new conditions likely to favor his projects and after
he has made them available and profitable, he has sought out still others and after
those, others. The wisdom of his selection has been proven by the success which has
crowned his efforts.

LAKE D. WOLFARD.

Lake D. Wolfard is numbered among the native sons of Oregon whose connec-
tion with the state dates back to pioneer times. He was born at Silverton, Marion
county, January 29, 1857. He is a son of Dewalt and Kate P. Wolfard, the latter a
native of Dresden, Ohio, born in April, 1830. The father's birth occurred near Bel-
fort, in Alsace, France, in January, 1825, and he was brought to the United States by
his parents in 1827, when but two years of age. the family crossing the Atlantic on
one of the old-time sailing vessels. They located on the French grant in southern
Ohio, where Dewalt Wolfard was reared and after attaining his majority he was there
married. In 1853 he journeyed across the plains with ox team and wagon, travel-
ing by boat down the Ohio and up the Mississippi and Missouri rivers to St. Joseph,
Missouri, from which point he traveled across the country to his destination in the
northwest. On arriviing in Oregon he sought a favorable location, taking up his abode
at what is now Silverton. There he engaged in general merchandising and was the
pioneer in that line of business in his section of the state. He continued a merchant
of Silverton until 1872, when he removed to Colfax, in eastern Washington, making
the trip by wagon, boat and rail, being obliged to transfer his goods several times from
boat to rail and to wagon. On reaching Colfax he again established a general merchan-
dise store which he successfully conducted for several years. In his later days he
removed to Spokane, where he lived retired, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits
of his former toil.

GEORGE D. GOODHUE.

Among those who contributed to the business activity and development of Port-
land was numbered George D. Goodhue, now deceased, who for many years was
engaged in handling dairy products in this city. He came to the Pacific coast from
Michigan, his birth having occurred at Owosso in the latter state, in 1855. His
parents were Samuel and Marinda (Davidson) Goodhue. The father came to Oregon
with the Hudson Bay Company, making the trip by way of Cape Horn and casting

GEORGE D. GOODHUE

HISTORY OF OREGON 751

in his lot with the pioneer settlers of the northwest at a period when the work
of settlement and development seemed scarcely begun and when the few residents of
this section were largely engaged in hunting and in lumbering.

Thus reared on the western frontier George D. Goodhue obtained his education
in the public schools and in the Willamette University of Oregon. When his text-
books were put aside and he started out in the business world he first engaged in
ranching. Later he turned his attention to the dairy and creamery business, which
he followed at Salem and subsequently at Portland. In the latter city he handled all
kinds of dairy products and built up a business of very gratifying proportions. He
was actuated by a most enterprising spirit in all that he undertook and contributed
much to the development of the dairy trade in the northwest. He likewise engaged
in the poultry business and brought forth the first poultry journal that was ever
compiled in Oregon, thus doing much to stimulate interest in poultry breeding and
the conditions under which poultry is raised. He continued to handle dairy products
and supplies up to the time of his demise and was one of the substantial and pro-
gressive business men of Portland.

In 1880 Mr. Goodhue was married to Miss Agnes Heckman, a daughter of Henry
and Mary Emeline Heckman, who were natives of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Goodhue also
came to Oregon in 1875, settling at Waldo Hills but afterward removing to Salem.
To Mr. and Mrs. Goodhue were born six children: R. A.; Edna L. ; Delia E., the wife
of Max Alexander of Seattle; Prudence; Dorothy R.; and Elizabeth Jane.

The death of Mr. Goodhue occurred November 12, 1918. His family lost a faithful
husband and father, the community a substantial citizen and his friends one whose
loyalty and helpfulness could be counted upon at all times. From the pioneer epoch
In the development of Oregon he was a resident of this state and he felt keen pleas-
ure in what was accomplished through the enterprise and progressiveness of the
citizens in the upbuilding of a commonwealth which has taken its place among the
leading states of the Union.

JOHN GRAHAM ODELL.

John Graham Odell of The Dalles, who is district manager of the central district
of Oregon for the Tum-a-Lum Lumber Company, one of the most important and
extensive lumber interests of the northwest, was born in Dayton, Washington, in July,
1882, his parents being A. E. and Delia (Graham) Odell. His father was a native of
the state of New York and the Odell family has for many generations been prominent
in that section of the country. One of his cousins. Benjamin Odell, was governor of
New York. A. E. Odell left his native state when sixteen years of age and removed to
Wisconsin, where he joined the Union army and fought through the Civil war. After
the close of the war he made his way to the Pacific coast and established himself as a
contractor at Dayton, where he married and reared his family, becoming a leading
and influential citizen of that part of the country. The Grahams, from whom John G.
Odell is descended in the maternal line, were an Ohio family who located in Oregon
in 1852, settling in the Willamette valley, where the birth of Delia Graham occurred.
She has spent her life in the northwest, witnessing the pioneer development of the
state in large measure.

John G. Odell was educated in the public schools of Dayton and of Walla Walla,
Washington, and also attended Whitman College. Following his graduation he turned
his attention to the sawmill business in connection with his father and for fourteen
years remained in that line of work. After serving for two years in connection with
a mercantile enterprise at Dayton he accepted in 1912 the position of manager for the
Tum-a-Lum Lumber Company at Grass Valley, and soon afterward was promoted to
district manager. He proved his capability in the latter connection and in 1919 was
transferred to the central district of Oregon as district manager, with headquarters
at The Dalles. He still holds that post, the district embracing Wasco, Sherman and
Hood River counties, with six lumoer yards under his supervision. Mr. Odell's long
experience has given him intimate knowledge of the lumber trade from the point
when the timber is brought to the mill until it is placed as a finished product on the
market.

In 1907 Mr. Odell was married to Miss Aral Holmes, a daughter of W. P. Holmes,
a business man of Dayton. They have three children: Edwin Holmes, John Graham

752 HISTORY OF OREGON

and Kathrine. Mr. Odell belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, is also
an Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias and in the latter organization has filled all ot
the chairs. He has -won a most enviable reputation both as a business man and a citi-
zen. His knowledge of the lumber trade is complete and as district representative of
the largest lumber concern in this section of the northwest he occupies an important
place in the business world.

J. P. SCHADE.

J. P. Schade spent the greater part of his lite in Portland, where during his later
years he owned and conducted a jewelry store. He was but fifty-five years of age at
the time of his death, his birth having occurred in Westbaum, Germany, October 19,
1861, his parents being Joseph L. and Anna M. Schade, who on coming to America
made their way across the continent and settled on the east side in Portland, where
the father purchased three lots that are still owned and occupied by the family.

J. P. Schade was a young lad when brought to this city and here acquired a public
school education, after which he learned the watchmaker's trade. He was ambitious
to engage in business on his own account and eventually purchased the Jewelry store
ot J. B. Miller, which he conducted to the time ot his death. There were no unusual
nor spectacular phases in his life record, which was that of a capable and successful
merchant. His fidelity to the principles of honorable manhood and citizenship made
him one of the substantial residents of his adopted city.

In 1S87 Mr. Schade was married to Miss Anna K. Weick, a daughter of William
and Rachel Weick, both of whom were natives of Germany. On coming to America
they settled in Illinois and some time afterward removed to Portland. To Mr. and
Mrs. Schade were born three children, Lawrence J.: Ida A., the wife of Raymond J.
Hinkle; and Frances C, the wife of Charles English, who is now acting as manager
of the jewelry store owned by Mrs. Schade. ,

In his religious faith Mr. Schade was a Catholic and died in that belief February
23, 1916. He belonged to the Catholic order of Foresters, the Modern Woodmen of
America, the Woodmen of the World and the Einfrat Society. In politics he main-
tained a liberal course, casting his ballot according to the dictates of his judgment, nor
did he ever seek or desire public office. His interests centered in his business that he
might provide a comfortable living for his family. Those who came in contact with
him recognized his worth and he enjoyed an enviable reputation as a progressive
and reliable business man.

WILLIAM GEORGE WEBER

One of the best known manufacturers of central Oregon is William George Weber,
who is conducting a harness and saddlery manufactory at Hood River, where he has
developed a business of substantial proportions. He was born in St. Joseph, Missouri,
in 1860, his parents being John and Caroline (Rebmann) Weber, who were repre-
sentatives of old families of Missouri and Ohio, the ancestral line being traced back
more than a century.

William G. Weber was educated in the graded and high schools of his native
city and was first employed as a stripper in a tobacco factory, where he worked for
three years. He was ambitious, however, to gain advancement and realized that edu-
cation constituted a most potent force in that direction, so that he again took up his
studies. At an early age he learned the trade of saddler and harness maker and trav-
eled extensively in search of a location for a permanent home. He worked at his
trade in Wyoming and in various parts of Montana and on coming to the Pacific coast
settled first in Walla Walla, Washington, and there resided for eight years. He then
removed to Milton, Oregon, establishing a harness and saddlery shop which he con-
ducted for four years and on the expiration of that period opened a harness factory at
Joseph, Oregon, where he continued for eight years. While there residing he was
active in the public life of the community as a member of the city council. He was
also the general agent ot the Wallowa Stage Company, which handled the entire trans-
portation of that section until the building of the railroad.

HISTORY OF ORPXJOX 758

In 1914 Mr. Weber removed to Hood River and established tlie business which
he now conducts. His factory and show rooms are located at First and Oak streets.
The introduction of the automobile for pleasure driving and to a large extent for com-
mercial use has narrowed his business to specializing in the manufacture of heavy
farm harness and fancy saddles. He makes on order anything in the line of harness
and carries a large stock of leather goods. He has also added an automobile depart-
ment to his business and is agent for the Stevens Salient Six. He likewise handles
the Miller and the Lancaster tires and carries a full line of automobile accessories.
In this connection he is building up a very substantial business, which is adding
materially to his income.

In 1884 Mr. Weber was united in marriage to Miss Laura Murray, a daughter of
Cornelius Murray, a pioneer farmer of The Dalles, and a granddaughter of Dr. Na-
thaniel Robbins, one of the early physicians of Oregon, who not only successfully
engaged in the practice of medicine but also represented his district in the first legis-
lature of the state. Mr. and Mrs. Weber have become the parents of two sons and a
daughter: William H., living in Salem. Oregon; Georgia Irene, the wife of Harry
Wilson, a well known underwriter, now of Seattle, Washington; and Frederick Earl,
who is associated with his father in business. During the World war he was athletic
secretary of the Young Men's Christian Association, having accepted that position after
trying vainly to get into the service, being repeatedly rejected on account of the con-
dition of his heart.

Mr. Weber and his family are most widely and favorably known in Hood River
and he has never had occasion to regret his determination to try his fortune in the
west, for here he has found good opportunities and in their utilization has made
steady progress.

WILLIAM RUSSELL MACKENZIE.

One of the business men of Portland is William Russell Mackenzie, who since
1892 has here conducted independent interests as a certified public accountant in
which connection he has been accorded a large clientage. He was born May 24. 1853,
in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada, and is the son of Hugh and Jessie (Russell) Mackenzie,
of Elgin, Scotland, which town was the home of his maternal grandparents, while
his grandparents in the paternal line were from Sutherlandshire, Scotland.

Spending his youthful days in his native town, William R. Mackenzie pursued his
education in the public and grammar schools until he completed the full course by
graduating with the class of 1870. His start in the business world was made as mes-
senger boy with the Great Western Railroad Company of Canada on the 1st of Decem-
ber, 1870. Winning promotion, he served successively as junior clerk, ticket clerk
and freight clerk and at length was appointed local cashier at St. Thomas, Ontario,
for the road, thus continuing until November 1, 1875, when he went with the Canada
Southern Railway Company, becoming in turn audit clerk, treasurer's assistant and
car accountant. His next promotion brought him to the position of private secretary
to the treasurer and he thus served until December 31, 1879. On the 1st day of May,
1880, he entered the service of the Kansas Pacific Railway Company as traveling audi-
tor, this road later becoming known as the Union Pacific Railway Company. Each
change in his business career has marked an upward step. He was made stationery
agent for the Union Pacific Railway Company, and was appointed traveling audi-
tor for the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, so continuing until the 1st of
August, 1892. He has since engaged in b'usiness for himself as a certified public
accountant and his clientage has long since reached profitable proportions.

While along business lines Mr. Mackenzie has made consecutive progress, he has
not confined his efforts to interests from which he alone has reaped the benefit. In
fact, he has cooperated in many movements wherein the public has been a large
direct beneficiary. He is a trustee of the Young Women's Christian Association and a
member and trustee of the First Presbyterian church and of St. Andrew's Society.
He is also identified with the Mazamas, the Order of Scottish Clans, and has taken
the various degrees of Masonry, holding membership in Willamette Lodge, No. 2,
A. P. & A. M.; Portland Chapter, No. 3, R. A. M.; Washington Council, No. 1, R. &
S. M.; Oregon Commandery, No. 1, K. T.; Oregon Consistory, No. 1, A. & A. S. R.; and
Al Kader Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He had the honor of being chosen representative

754 HISTORY OF OREGON

of the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland to the Grand Royal Arch
Chapter of Oregon and he has also been president of the Masonic Board of Relief of
Portland. He is likewise a member of the American Institute of Accountants and
chairman of the committee on constitution and by-laws, and he has been elected to
the presidency of the Oregon State .Society of Public Accountants. He was auditor of
the Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition from 1904 until 1907 and has also served as
clerk of the Riverview Cemetery Association. He likewise has membership with the
Commercial, Arlington and Multnomah Amateur Athletic Clubs.

Mr. Mackenzie was first married December 13, 1876, to Anna Young McLean, the
eldest daughter of John McLean, a barrister of St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada. She
died November 14, 1878, at the age of twenty-two years. There was one child by that
marriage, Bruce Gilchrist, who died September 2, 1878, at the age of eleven months.
On the 1st of June, 1881, Mr. Mackenzie wedded Josepha Bowman Gun, the only
daughter of the late Dr. James Gun of Durham, Ontario. She became the mother of
seven children and her demise occurred on the 7th of September, 1900, when she was
thirty-eight years of age. Five of the children have passed away, those living being:
Charles Arthur Cochrane, an accountant of New York city; and Grace Seaforth, who
is at home. On the 12th of May, 1903, Mr. Mackenzie was again married in Victoria,
British Columbia, to Mrs. Jean Strong (French) MacLean, the widow of his brother-
in-law, the late James A. MacLean, and a daughter of the late Edwin C. French, of
Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Mackenzie are well known socially. He is a
man of high personal standing, of marked business integrity and ability, unassuming
and unaffected, but the sterling worth of his character is recognized by all with whom
he has been associated.

HENRY KRATZ.

Henry Kratz, president and manager of the Henry Kratz Shingle Company, Incor-
porated, of Clatskanie, and former mayor of the city, has shown that pluck and energy
will bring any young man to the foreground in America. He was born in Germany
in 1865, a son of Adam and Katharine (Schmidt) Kratz, and received his education in
the old country. He assisted his father with the farm work until he reached the
age of twenty-two, when he decided to try his luck in America.

He first came to Ontario, Canada, where he secured work in a sawmill and used
his spare time in bettering his knowledge of English. He remained in Canada about
a year, and learning of the vast timber interests of Oregon, he came to this state in
1889, settling in Clatskanie, where for four years he labored in the lumber business.
Having saved his earnings, he started a business of his own in 1893. In 1895 he built
a store on Bridge street, which was one of the first four structures erected in the
town, and opened a merchandise store which he conducted for fifteen years. In 1908
he sold his business and erected a shingle mill on the river, about a mile from the
business section, and has continued to operate it since. This mill has been destroyed
by fire twice, but Mr. Kratz on each occasion has quickly rebuilt it. In addition to
his interests as president and manager of the Henry Kratz Shingle Company, Mr.
Kratz is one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Clatskanie and the presi-
dent of the institution, which has enjoyed an exceedingly substantial growth since
its organization and is an important factor in the development of the community. He
is the owner of two store buildings on Bridge street and is about the largest holder
of city property in the -town. He has a farm of sixty acres a half mile out of town,
which is cut-over land, a portion of which he has cleared and brought to a high state
of cultivation.

Mr. Kratz has never failed to respond to every call of his fellow citizens and has
served for many years as a member of the city council and as mayor of the city. He
belongs to the Modern Woodmen, the Odd Fellows and the United Artisans. He has
filled all the offices of the Odd Fellows and has been a member of the grand lodge.
He is now the master artisan of the United Artisans.

Mr. Kratz was married in 1901 to Miss Maude A. Bryant, a member of the pioneer
family who established the town of Clatskanie, which was at one time known as
Bryantville. Members of the Bryant family were among the early settlers in Oregon.
They were represented in New York prior to the Revolutionary war and later their
successors pioneered in Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. Kratz have one daughter, Helen

HENRY KRATZ

HISTORY OF OREGOX 757

Katharine, who is a freshman in the University of Washington. She is a gifted
musician, who was trained in St. Mary's Institute in Portland. Oregon. Their home
on a commanding eminence, is one of the finest in Clatskanie and here their friends
are always welcome. Mr. Kratz is president of the Chamber of Commerce, which
organization is doing much for the upbuilding of Clatskanie and the surrounding
country.

LUDWIG ALFRED LARSEN.

Norway has given to Astoria many of her most active citizens, among them
being Ludwig Alfred Larsen, who has been a resident of that city since 1889. In
the thirty-two years of his residence in Clatsop county he has won for himself many
friends. He is a son of Andrew and Caroline (Olsen) Larsen and was born in Nor-
way in 1864.

Ludwig Alfred Larsen received his education in his native country and in 1886
came to the United States, spending the first three years of his life in St. Paul, Minne-
sota, where he engaged in business as a painter and decorator. In 1889 he determined
to locate on the Pacific coast and settled in Astoria, where he went into the painting
and decorating business on his own account. In 1908 he established his present busi-
ness as real estate and insurance broker and steamship agent, in addition to his
painting and decorating. Mr. Larsen represents such standard insurance companies
as the London Assurance Company, the Home Insurance Company, the Niagara o£
New York, the Alliance of Philadelphia, and the New Jersey. He is agent of such
steamship lines as the Cunard, Anchor, White Star, Norwegian-American and Scan-
dinavian-American. As agent of the Fidelity and Casualty Company of New York
he can and does furnish bonds for any amount.

In 1890 Mr. Larsen was married to Miss Albertina Johanas, a native of Norway
who had been his sweetheart in his boyhood days. Three children have been born to
this union: Annie Florence, a talented musician, who is organist at one of Astoria's
leading playhouses; Gearhart Andrew, engaged in business in Seattle, Washington;
and Nellie Caroline, at home.

In politics Mr. Larsen is a republican but he is in no way a partisan. His fra-
ternal affiliations are with the Knights of Pythias, the Sons of Norway and the
United Artisans and he has held offices in all of them. Mrs. Larsen is a member of
the Daughters of Norway, of which organization she is president and she has been
a member of the Grand Lodge. She is a singer of note and is prominent in the social
circles of the city. Mr. Larsen is likewise a talented musician and was one of the
organizers of the Norwegian Singing Society and for many years was its leader. Re-
cently he was presented with a handsome gold watch from the members of the society,
on which is inscribed. "As an appreciation of your valued services as a leader." For
many years he has been organist of the Norwegian Lutheran church, of which he and
his family are consistent members. Mr. Larsen is actively interested in the civic
affairs of the community and to that end is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and
other like organizations.

MARK WILSON GILL.

Mark Wilson Gill, a well known business man of Portland, where he conducted
activities for a number of years as secretary and treasurer of the J. K. Gill Company,
was born in August, 1867, in Salem, Oregon, his parents being Joseph K. and Frances
(Wilson) Gill. The latter was a daughter of Dr. Joseph Wilson whose marriage to
Miss Chloe Clark was the first wedding of Americans celebrated north of the Columbia
river. In 1870 Joseph K. Gill established a book store in Portland under his own name
and the business has since been continued under the style of J. K. Gill & Company.

Mark W. Gill obtained his education in the schools of Portland and as a student
in Bishop Scott's Academy. He also prepared for college in Wilbraham Academy at
Wilbraham, Massachusetts, and afterward pursued his collegiate course in the Wes-
leyan University at Middletown, Connecticut, from which he was graduated as a mem-
ber of the class of 1889. Thus liberally educated he became well qualified for life's

758 HISTORY OF OREGON

practical and responsible duties and upon his return to Portland became associated
with the business established by his father, being elected to the position of secretary
and treasurer of the J. K. Gill Company, with which he was thus associated until his
life's labors were ended in death. The store has always been one of the finest estab-
lishments of the kind in Portland and Mr. Gill of this review was active in main-
taining the high standards established by his father. He displayed a most progres-
sive spirit in all of his undertakings and ever adhered to the highest commercial ethics
in the conduct of his business.

In 1894 Mr. Gill was united in marriage to Miss Susie Moreland, a daughter of
Judge J. C. and Abbie (Kline) Moreland, the former a most distinguished citizen
and jurist of Oregon. To Mr. and Mrs. Gill were born two children: Mary Moreland,
now a student at Mills College in California; and Mark Moreland, who is attending
school in Portland.

Mr. Gill of this review was named for his two grandfathers and he gave one of
these names to his own son. He was the firstborn child and only son of his parents
and his entire boyhood save for the period of his school and college days and also
his manhood were spent in Portland. His academic studies were pursued in Wilbra-
ham Academy, which was the alma mater of both his father and mother and thus
the family standards were maintained. Th« name of Gill has ever been a synonym
for progressiveness and for those things which are of cultural value in the life of
the individual and the community. Mr. Gill of this review possessed a fine tenor
voice and in his college days was a member of the famous Glee Club of Wesleyan Uni-
versity. He also sang in the Boyer Club, the predecessor of the Apollo Club, and in
the choirs of Calvary and Grace churches. He was one of the earliest members of
the Multnomah Club and in his youth and early manhood was always a social favorite,
a position which he retained throughout his entire life. His unfeigned cordiality, his
kindly spirit and his genial manner made for popularity wherever he was known. His
interest was always in those things which have real value in life and his example
is one well worthy of emulation. He passed away May 22, 1918, and it will be long
ere his name is forgotten, as his memory is cherished by those who were his associates.

CHRISTIAN SCHUEBEL.

In the field of political and legal activity Christian Schuebel has won distinction
and today is numbered among the leading, influential and honored citizens of Oregon
City, Clackamas county. As a young man he possessed the enterprising spirit of the
west and overcoming all obstacles by earnest effort he steadily worked his way upward
until, having long since left the ranks of the many, he today stands among the suc-
cessful few. Mr. Schuebel was born at Ashland, Pennsylvania, in September, 1866, a
son of Robert and Rosamouda (Hornshuul) Schuebel, people of prominence in their
community.

The early education of Mr. Schuebel was very limited, he having attended the
graded schools for a period of twenty-six days, after a year or so taking another
course of six weeks and at the age of fifteen years attending school for six months.
When but twelve years of age he worked in a coal mine but in 1878, being fired with
the ambition which has since brought him to the front, he left his native state and
removed to Oregon, settling in Oregon City. He worked for some time on a farm and
from 1S87 to 1890 was employed at a logging camp. Ever desirous of increasing his
education he devoted his spare time to studying. In 1890, leaving the logging camp,
he took work in the Oregon Woolen Mills and here remained for three and one-half
years. In 1894 he secured work at the mill of the Crown-Willamette Pulp and Paper
Company and besides his work there he took a correspondence course from the Sprague
Correspondence school and traveled to Portland and took up the study of law at the
night sessions of the law department of the University of Oregon. As the result of
his close application he was, in 1897, admitted to the practice of law by the supreme
court and leaving the paper mill, where he had risen to the position of foreman, he
started to practice. Since that year he has served four years as a member of the city
council, tor six years has been city attorney of Oregon City and for four years deputy
district attorney. As a man of public service his ability was recognized and he rep-
resented Clackamas county in the state legislature in the sessions of 1913-1915 and
1919. Politically, as well as legally, Mr. Schuebel's success is indisputable. Some

HISTORY OF OREGON -• 759

of the legislation which be framed and passed was the bill to tax the state water
power, the law regulating hours of labor in mills and factories, the general fund
bill, which has saved the state ten thousand dollars in interest annually and the state
board of conciliation and arbitration law. He also prepared the Foreign Corporation
License Fee law, which adds nearly one hundred thousand dollars to the general
fund each year and the amendment to the Inheritance Tax law which has added four
hundred and thirty-five thousand dollars to the general fund annually. These are
but a few of the many acts introduced by Mr. Schuebel.

Sharing in his success and always cooperating with him and encouraging him
is his wife, formerly Miss Agnes Seattle, to whom he was married in 1892. Her par-
ents were pioneers of Illinois and from them she has inherited the strength, hardihood
and energy which has made her a fitting helpmate for Mr. Schuebel. Mr. and Mrs.
Schuebel have been blessed with a fine family of four daughters. The eldest daughter
is now Mrs. Lee Bequcaith, wife of one of Portland's best known dentists. Roberta,
the second daughter, is a graduate of the University of Oregon and is now a law
student at the law department of the State University. This young woman in her
junior year won the silver cup for scholarship; Agnes Clyde, another daughter, is a
junior at the University of Oregon; and the last daughter, Ruth Elizabeth, is a senior
in the Oregon City high school.

Aside from his political and legal interests Mr. Schuebel has taken much interest
in various fraternal organizations and as a member of the Odd Fellows has filled every
chair. He is also a member of the Woodmen of the World and the Ancient Order of
United Workmen. Mr. Schuebel is a representative of our best type of manhood and
chivalry. By perseverence, determination and honorable effort he has overthrown the
obstacles which barred his path to success and has reached the goal of prosperity and
his genius, broad mind and public spirit have made him a director of public thought
and action.

RODNEY L. GLISAN.

Many direct and tangible forces in the development and upbuilding of Portland
and the maintenance of its high civic standards are traceable to the efforts of Rodney
L. Glisan, who ranks with the able attorneys of the city and with those men whose
civic consciousness has resulted in effective work for upbuilding and progress in city
and state. Portland has always been his home, and in contradistinction to the old
adage that a prophet is not without honor save in his own country, Rodney L. Glisan
is classed with the valued and prominent residents of the Rose City. There are many
here yet who remember the period of his childhood and, thinking back over the
years, can visualize him as a schoolboy, attending the Bishop Scott Academy. He was
born April 3, 1S69. his parents being Dr. Rodney and Elizabeth R. (Couch) Glisan,
the former a leading member of the medical profession in Portland for many years,
while the latter was a daughter of Captain John H. Couch, who became one of the
founders of Portland, arriving in Oregon in the period of pioneer development. It was
in 1S80 that Rodney L. Glisan was enrolled as a student in the Bishop Scott Academy,
which he attended for two years. He then went abroad for further study and entered
the Ecole Protestante of Paris, France, which he attended through the scholastic year.
With his return to America he became a student in the Hopkins grammar school of
New Haven, Connecticut, there pursuing his studies until 1S86, when he matriculated
in Yale University, entering upon a four years' classical course, winning the Bachelor
of Arts degree in 1S90. His law studies were pursued in the University of Oregon from
1890 until 1892 and after there winning the LL. B. degree he continued his preparation
for the bar in the law department of Columbia University in New York city, where
he gained the Master of Arts degree. He was admitted to practice as a member of
the Oregon bar in 1892 and has since been active in his profession, devoting his atten-
tion largely to the law of real property and to the management of estates, several
being now under his supervision. He has also become interested in business enter-
prises which feature in the city's development and upbuilding as well as being a source
of substantial revenue to the individual stockholder.

Along various lines of usefulness Mr. Glisan has directed his efforts. In 1900
he became a member of the city council of Portland and during the succeeding year
was its president. He was appointed a member of the executive board and thus served

760 HISTORY OF OREGON

from 1903 until 1905 during the mayoralty of George H. Williams. He was on the
street committee of the council and executive board and took a deep interest in the
subject of street paving, visiting several cities on inspection tours. In 1901 he became
a member of the State legislature and was also a member of the charter commission
which formulated the city charter of Portland. In January, 1910, he became a member
of the board of trustees of the Portland Chamber of Commerce and has done effective
work for public benefit through that organization. He has always voted with the
republican party and has taken a progressive stand upon many vital political questions.
Mr. Glisan's active interest in athletics, too, has been manifest in many ways.
He was a member of the first football team of the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club,
of which he is a life member and of which he was at one time president. He has
rowed in several association regattas and was president of the Portland Rowing Club,
of which he is also a life member. He belongs to the University Club, is a life mem-
ber of the Press Club, has membership in the Oregon Civic League, the Chamber of
Commerce, the Portland Realty Board and is as well a member of the Mazamas Club,
a mountain-climbing organization. He likewise has held membership in the Sierra
Club and the Canadian Alpine Club, and it has been said of him: "He has always con-
tended that the Pacific coast offers an unrivaled field of wonderful scenery and has
for fifteen years spent the summer months in mountain climbing and tramping along
the mountain ranges and coast. He has tramped the Oregon and California coast line
from the Columbia river to the bay at San Francisco and has ascended nearly all
of the prominent snow peaks through this territory." Recognizing the value of recrea-
tion, pleasure seeking, nevertheless, has been only one feature of his life. He has at
all times recognized his responsibilities and obligations to his fellowmen and has
labored effectively and earnestly for moral progress. He is now a senior warden in the
Trinity Episcopal church, is a trustee of the Good Samaritan Hospital and is serving
on its executive board. The call of need always finds ready response in him and it
has been by reason of his recogniton of all life's duties, opportunities and responsibili-
ties t'Rat he has ever enjoyed a high place in professional, social and church circles,
making his life one of constantly expanding interest, activity and usefulness. When
America entered the World war he was again alert to every duty, participating in
all the bond drives and the Red Cross drives and serving on the legal advisory board.

JAMES C. HENRY.

James C. Henry, engaged in the undertaking business at La Grande, Union county,
was born at Pine Grove, Pennsylvania, April 6, 1849, a son of Charles and Lydla
(Reed) Henry.

The boyhood of James C. Henry was spent in the place of his birth. At the age of
fourteen years he enlisted in the Union army, serving in Company B, One Hundred
and Eighty-fourth Regiment under Captain Abner H. Brown, for three years and three
months, being honorably discharged at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. After the war he
removed to Jonesville, Michigan, with his parents. Later he went to Indiana and
located at South Bend, where he engaged in carpenter work for some time and was
also associated with the Singer Sewing Machine Company and other well known
firms. In 1876. however, he came west and located at La Grande. He there resumed
his carpenter work, in which he continued for one year, then accepted a position as
carpenter at the Camp Carson mines for one year and the following year engaged in
his trade at La Grande. Being offered a clerkship in the W. J. Snodgrass Dry Goods
and General Store at La Grande, Mr. Henry gave up his trade, and for fourteen years
continued in that connection. In 1892 he decided to enter into business on his own
account and established a furniture and undertaking store, in which venture he
achieved a great amount of success. In 1916, however, he sold his furniture interest
to a Mr. Carr, but he is still active in the conduct of his undertaking business. This
business is located at 1505 Fourth street and is one of the best of its kind in eastern
Oregon.

In 1870 occurred the marriage of Mr. Henry and Miss Anna E. Tutt, daughter
of Robert Tutt, and a native of Virginia, her birth having occurred near Culpeper.
One child was born to this union: Bessie, who is deceased.

Since age conferred upon Mr. Henry the right of franchise he has been a stanch
supporter of the republican party, in the interests of which he has always taken an

HISTORY OF OREGOX ( 761

active part. From 1906 to 1915 he served as county judge, has been mayor of the
city and a member of the city council. He has always taken a keen interest in the
furtherance of any movement which he deemed of value to the development and im-
provement of the community, for the duties of citizenship do not rest lightly upon
his shoulders. Fraternally he is also prominent, having membership in the Masons,
in which order he is a Knights Templar and a Shriner; he also belongs to the Elks,
the Moose, and the Odd Fellows. During the years of his residence in La Grande Mr.
Henry has made many friends, who appreciate his true personal worth and his many
sterling traits of character. He has won the goodwill and confidence of all with whom
he has come into contact and is widely recognized as a representative citizen of La
Grande and Union county.

CAPTAIN SHERMAN V. SHORT.

Captain Sherman V. Short, who for many years was identified with navigation
interests in the northwest, thus winning the title by which he was always known, was
born in Butteville, Oregon, in 1856, and pursued his education in the schools of his
native state. When a youth of eighteen years, or in 1874, he became identified with
navigation interests, serving on the steamer Ohio with Captain Scott. He was after-
ward deck hand on the Fannie Patton, the City of Salem, the Willamette Chief and
the Occident. In 1877 he was made mate of the Salem, on which he sailed for about
two years. Subsequently he filled similar positions on the City of Quincy and the
Willamette Chief. He next ran as pilot on the Occident, the S. T. Church and the
Bonanza. He left the last named to take command of the A. A. McCully, which
he handled for about a year and then had charge of the Orient, which he commanded
for three years in the Corvallis trade. He afterward ran the Occident on the same
route for a year, at the expiration of which period he left the employ of the Oregon
Steam Navigation Company and was captain on the Oregon Pacific steamer, Three
Sisters, for a few months, subsequently commanding the N. S. Bentley for the same
company. He served as master on the William M. Hoag and also on the Three Sisters
until September, 1891, when he entered the employ of The Dalles, Portland & Astoria
Navigation Company, running out of Portland on different steamers. Thus for many
years Captain Short of this review was associated with the navigation interests of
the northwest.

Captain Short was a brother of Captain W. P. Short and of the late Captain
Marshall Scott Short, who was accidentally killed at Astoria a few years ago. In
every respect Captain Sherman V. Short was a practical steamboat man. He knew
every part of his boat by reason of his extended service. Steadily he worked his way
upward until his ability in steamboat matters was testified to in his promotion to the
command of vessels. He continued to sail the waters of the northwest until he passed
away, June 26, 1915. For a number of years before his death he was a member of
the Columbia River Pilots.

Captain Short was married in 1886 to Miss AUie Mae Ray, and they have a son,
Bertram Clyde Short, who is a resident of Portland.

Captain Short's life had brought him into contact with many people who knew
him as a genial gentleman of thorough reliability and sterling worth.

HON. CLARENCE J. EDWARDS.

In the field of political life and commercial activity Hon. Clarence J. Edwards has
won distinction and today is numbered among the leading, influential and honored
citizens of Tillamook City. A native of Indiana, he was born in that state in 1871.
the son of Jesse and Mary (Kemp) Edwards. The Edwards family is of English
origin, three brothers of that family having come to this country from Wales prior
to the Revolutionary war. They separated, however, upon reaching this country
and located in New York, Pennsylvania and North Carolina respectively. It is from
the North Carolina branch of the family that Senator Edwards is descended. His
grandfather settled in Indiana in 1S30 and there the father was born. In 1880 Jesse
Edwards brought his family to Oregon and purchased a farm, upon which a portion

762 HISTORY OP OREGON

of the town of Newberg is now located. He laid out the original site of Newberg and
is still residing there on the land on which he settled many years ago. He is widely
known throughout the community where he has not only witnessed a most wonder-
ful transformation but has largely aided in the labors which have transformed the
wild tract into a splendid commonwealth. Now, in his declining years, he is living
retired enjoying a well earned rest, which is the merited reward of a long and hon-
orable business career.

In the pursuit of an education Clarence J. Edwards attended the graded schools
of Newberg and later enrolled in Pacific College, being a member of the first graduat-
ing class of that institution in 1893, which class boasted of but two members, the other
being Professor A. C. Stambrough, now superintendent of schools at Newberg. Fol-
lowing his graduation Mr. Edwards took a course in the University of Ohio and upon
its completion associated with his father in the manufacture of brick. For eight
years he was active in that connection and then, entering the business world on his
own account, promoted and built the Yamhill Light & Power plant, which he man-
aged for a period of thirteen years. His ability and intelligently directed effort were
responsible for the plant's continued success and although it had originally been built
for the purpose of furnishing light and power to Newberg only, he so increased the
facilities as to give service to nine towns in Yamhill and Washington counties. In
1913 Senator Edwards disposed of his interest in the company and located in Tilla-
mook City, purchasing an interest in the Coast Power Company, of which he became
president and manager. For seven years he has been associated with that company
in those dual capacities and his keen executive ability has resulted in the enlarging
of the plant to cover all the coast towns and industries in this section. Aside from
this business he has become well known in financial circles of Tillamook City as vice
president of the First National Bank.

In 1893 Senator Edwards was united in marriage to Miss Abbie Miles, a daugh-
ter of I. M. Miles, who was one of the early pioneers of Iowa. Her father was a
farmer and one of the best known and highly respected men in the state. He was
a Godly man and as a lay missionary his labors among the farmers and Indians
brought many stray lambs to the fold. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards have become parents
of two children: Lloyd W. and Lowell. The elder son is married and has one son.
He is assistant manager of the Coast Power Company and is a representative young
business man of the city. Lowell is attending the Oregon Agricultural College, where
he is majoring in electrical engineering. , ,

Since attaining his majority Senator Edwards has been a stanch supporter of
the republican party, having firm belief in its principles as factors in good govern-
ment. He has never sought public oflnce although many have been thrust upon him
and he was one of the best mayors Newberg has ever known. In 1919-20 he served
in the legislature of the state and in 1921 was elected senator from the twenty-fourth
senatorial district which embraces Yamhill, Tillamook, Lincoln and Washington coun-
ties. He has fathered and voted for much progressive legislation, particularly along
the lines of port development and education; and for several years served as school
director of Newberg. Senator Edwards is active in church affairs being reared in the
faith of the Friends church and he is also actively identified with a number of leading
social organizations, but his Quaker training has caused him to have no fraternal
afliliations. Mrs. Edwards is a woman of much culture and refinement and takes a
prominent and active part in the club and church circles of the city. She has been
superintendent of the Tillamook County Sunday School Association for the past
seven years; was president of the Tillamook County Red Cross during the entire
period of the World war; and has been county chairman of the Near East Relief
for the past two years. She served as director of the Oregon Federation of Woman's
Clubs from 1909 to 1913 and has been chairman of its literature and library commit-
tee since that time. Senator Edwards belongs to the little group of distinctively rep-
resentative business men who have been the pioneers in inaugurating and building
up the chief industries of this section of the country. His connection with any under-
taking insures a prosperous outcome of the same, for it Is his nature to carry for-
ward to successful completion whatever he is associated with.

INDEX

Abbey, M. H 139

Abraham, V. R 328

Adair, John 718

Adcox, L. L 501

Albers, Bernard 524

Albrecht, Andreas 643

Alger, Hollis 420

Allen, W. G 25

Ames, Everett 607

Amos, I. H 86

Anderson, J. T 224

Andreae, P. G 502

Ankeny, H. E 538

Armstrong, G. M 113

Bach, S. P 193

Bain, J. R 337

Baker, G. L 90

Baldwin, W. W 537

Barber, A. C 251

Bean, H. J . 438

Bean, R. S 683

Eede, B. E 354

Beharrell, W. H 152

Belt, H. H 150

Bennet, E. A 159

Bennett, W. H 76

Benson, H. L 529

Berlin, P. A 568

Bishop, C. P 503

Bishop, W. J 19

Bleid, F. G 655

Blevins, Alfred 287

Boetticher, C. W 325

Bogardus, Paul 599

Boise, W. L 685

BoUman, L. A 734

Bond, B. M 167

Booth, J. C 520

Bosshard, H. S 437

Bowman, B. H 530

Bramwell, F. C 324

Brasfield, T. H. C 339

Breyman, A. H 582

Bridgwater, J. E 488

Bronaugh, E. C 731

763

Brouillette, Telesphore 630

Brown, Prentiss 637

Brown, L. D 431

Brown, O. C 516

Brown. R. H 665

Browne, D. T 704

Buckner, Daisy 412

Buehner, Philip 629

Burghduft, A. E 347

Burkhardt, A. C. F 613

Burnett, John 257

Burns, D. C 356

Burton, R. K 509

Bush, Asahel 50

Busselle, E. T 85

Butler, J. B. V 467

Butler, R. D 657

Butterfield, H. S 160

Callwell, H. M 666

Campbell, H. T 398

Campbell, P. L 59

Carl, H. L 547

Carl, I. W 120

Carrico, J. L 445

Carroll, E. E 346

Carroll, R. E 360

Carson, J. H 199

Case, R. E 649

Casey, J. N 251

Catching, S. C 523

Chapman, J. R 534

Childs, Leroy 585

Church, S. T 280

Clark, D. G 386

Clark, M. H 658

Clark, W. J. H 464

Clarke, H. T 704

Cochran, C. E 746

Coe, H. W 34

Collier, A. M 693

Collins, G. T 668

Collins, J. W 703

Compton, L. H 277

Conyers, C. L 733

Cook, Vincent 677

J6i

Cooke, A. C 252

Cooke, H. A 373

Cooke, J. P 580

Cooley, J. P 191

Coon, T. R 653

Cooper, J. S 297

Coovert, E. E 533

Coppock, Robert 504

Corbett, H. W 305

Cottel, C. W 334

Cotton, W. W 60

Couchman, W. R 366

Covey, H. M 298

Crabtree, Newton 203

Cranford, J. 0 451

Crawford, T. H 643

Crowell, W. S 576

Culbertson, W. C 208

Cummings. Ida M 393

Cummisky, John 174

Curran, James 428

Daniels. T. E 575

Daniels, W. N 198

Davis, J. R 273

Dawson, L. E 593

Day, L. C 341

Deckebach, F. G 404

De Hart, E. J 572

Delaney, J. C 372

De Lin, Nicholas 674

Dillard, L. M 486

Dobson, Tom 740

Dolph, C. A 46

Dorris. G. B 272

Dosch, H. E 124

Dougan, L. L 433

Douglass, M. H 191

Dow, M. M 573

Doyle, A. E 110

Drake, C. E 641

Driscoll, M. J 97

Dryer, H. A 423

Dryer, W. H 609

Dugger, T. L 112

Duncan, S. S 123

Duncan, W. M 665

Dunsmore, A. E 414

Eachtel, W. A 233

Eddy, S. L 680

Edwards, C. J 761

Eggert, Frederick 168

Elam, A. M 694

Elliott, S. H 711

Erickson, J. 0 714

Erickson, Otto 724

Esson, A. S 635

Euson, J. G 244

Evans, D. P 373

Everding, Henry 554

Failing, Henry 40

Failing, Josiah 460

Failing, J. F 240

Farrell, Sylvester 100

Farrington, E. E 717

Fearing, E. A., Jr 521

Ferguson, J. H 589

Ferguson, J. W 258

Ferguson, W. S 691

Ferry, M. L 635

Finley . J. P 384

Fisher, C. H 166

Fiske, V. P 351

Fitts, W. S 83

Flint, L. V 510

Forster, M. L 398

Franklin, David 553

Freeland, H. B 164

French, J. W 126

Friedli, Otto 84

Frost, A. E 63

Fry, P. V. W 263

Puller, G. F 274

Fuller, W. V 608

Fulton, C. W 26

Gadsby, William 180

Gagnon, J. T 114

Gaines, S. W 265

Garnjobst, J. H 225

Gaston, W. L 658

George, C. L 129

Gerlinger, C. F 447

Gile, H. S 179

Gill, M. C 466

Gill, M. W 757

Glenn, Hugh 623

Glisan, R. L 759

Goodhue, G. D 748

Goodin, R. B 345

Grabenhorst, W. H 19

Gram, C. H 473

Grant, U. S 484

Gray, Mrs. W. H 560

Gregory, Father 214

Grenfell, Edward 93

Gunning, F. S 546

Guthrie, H. E 366

Guthrie, J. L 253

INDEX

765

Hall, Charles 579

Hall, E. B 747

Halliday, W. A 723

Handley, T. B 418

Handsaker, Samuel 444

Hargreaves, Holden 288

Harris, J. W 497

Hartwig, Otto 137

Hawes, A. T 528

Hawke, Wallace 465

Hayter, T. J 17

Hayter, Oscar 383

Hector, O. M 613

Hedges, D. L 407

Hedlund, E. T 445

Hembree, W. L 184

Hemphill, S. R 515

Henderson, J. L 106

Henderson, W. G 109

Henry, J. C 760

Herrick, B. B 213

Herrman, S. W 667

Hicks, W. W 266

Higgs, A. K 334

Hill, G. S 138

Hill, J. W 725

Hillebrand, A 374

Hindman, H. H 557

Hirschberg, H 151

Holtord, W. G 432

Holt, W. A.... 712

Hoover, A. A 173

Hosford O. W 294

Houghtaling, C. A 433

Houghtaling & Dougan 433

Hume, Peter 388

Humphreys, L. W 633

Hunter, A. R 627

Hyde, F. M 480

Idleman, C. M 66

Ingalls, C. E 11

Ireland, L. E 718

Irvine, C. W 84

Irvine. N. E 502

Jacobberger, Joseph 452

Jenkins, L. V 44

Jensen, E. V 377

Jensen, J. J 404

Jewell, Miranda C 678

Johnson, A. J 98

Johnson, A. R . . 299

Johnson, Folger 509

Johnson, J. C 468

Johnson, T. W 535

Johnston, C. X 247

Johnston, Dan 300

Jones, B. W 32

Jones, J. M 283

Jones, W. B 223

Kaiser, L. S 134

Kamm, Jacob 488

Kaufman, Isidor 259

Kay, T. B 365

Kent. O. H 371

Kerr, J. B 697

Kiddle, E. E 474

Kincaid, H. R 478

Kimsey, W. E 324

Kinzer, L. W 58

Koen, E. A 413

Kohlhagen, George 713

Kratz, Henry 754

Kuck, H. L 719

Labbe, E. J 237

Laber, J. B 97

La Pollette, A. M 688

La Fontaine, G. P 7

Lane, A. 0 514

Lane, L. L 684

Larsen, L. A 757

Lawrence, A. T 615

Lawrence, E. F 219

Lehrbach, L. M 200

Leiter, R. A 720

Lent, Mary E 277

Leonard, B. E 80

Leslie, W. A 567

Lester, W. J 426

Levy, Mark 448

Lewelling, L. G 239

Lewis, J. L 118

Lewis. J. M 31

Linn, J. R 291

Lonergan, F. J 397

Looker, W. F 571

Loughary, Frank 419

Loveridge, Emily L 417

Lytle, E. A 522

McCain, James 264

McCord, W. E 565

McCorkle, M. G 220

McCusker, Joseph 568

McFadden, W. S 279

McKenna, C. A 263

McNary, C. L 507

McNary, L. A 706

Mackenzie, W. R 753

766

MacMaster, William 617

Magnuson, C. A 536

Mall, W. H 293

Mall & Von Borstel 293

Marks, W. L 64

Marshall, W. A 412

Martin, G. K 63

Martin, Lester 187

Matcovich, S. J 600

Matschek, J. N 220

Matthews, J. E 70

Mayer, S.J 206

Hears, E. C 178

Mears, F. W 707

Merrill, C. F 406

Metschan, Phil 331

Miles, T. W 737

Miller, R. B 473

Mills, F. H 527

Mock, John 738

Moffitt, V. M 213

Moody, F. S 521

Moore, F. D 245

Moore, L. K 534

Morback, J. E 634

Moreland, J. C 454

Morgan, M. D 39

Morris, J. S 519

Morrison, N. 1 353

Morse, P. M 426

Morse, W. B 387

Moser, H. A 692

Muir, W. T 574

Murphy, J. E 453

Murray, E. J 672

Myers, P. G 105

Nau, Frank 616

Nelson, Thomas 45

Neppach, Anthony 140

Nolan, J. M 327

Northup, H. H 548

Nunn, Herbert 457'

Obye, L. E 411

Odell, J. G 751

Ogilbee, J. W 157

Olcott, B. W 644

OUiver, Victor 327

Olsen, Andrew 624

Olsen, CM 71

Olsen, E. S 628

O'Neill, C. B 65

Orr, J. W 69

Otto, L. C 485

Palmer, G. B 362

Palmer, H. P 737

Parker, G. L 268

Peaper, A. J 551

Pearson, John 465

Petersen, A. E 92

Peterson, A. T 158

Peterson, R. J 145

Pettit, J. W 119

Piepenbrink, W. J 472

Pihl, H. M 94

Pittenger, Jacob 698

Pittock, H. L 14

Pomeroy, R. E 30

Post, G. M 225

Powell, I. C 33

Powell, J. F 267

Powell, J. M 211

Powers, I. F 77

Price, A. A 586

Price, O. L 244

Prill, A. G 231

Quaid, Thomas 581

Quimby, L. P. W 602

Rae, G. G 380

Raffety, C. H 300

Ralston, C. H 562

Ramsey, Cylthie J 614

Randall, A. E 325

Ray, L. L 372

Renner, W. H. A 683

Reynolds, F. H 572

Rickard, W. H 197

Ridden, William 260

Riggs, G. E 471

Ripperton, A. J 594

Roberts, A. M 727

Robinson, David 622

Robinson, I. N 672

Rockey, A. E 94

Rogers, F. E 338

Rogers, J. L 552

Roth, Theodore 117

Rothrock, H. C 699

Rugg, A. W 628

Rumble, E. W 394

Rupert, A. J 385

Russell, R. L 513

Russell, R. M 340

Salomon, Louis 132

Sanderson, G. E 131

Sanford, G. H 361

767

Schade, J. P 752

Schenck, J. S 434

Schmitt, A. C 408

Schuebel, Christian 758

Scott, H. W 5

Settlemire, M. R 650

Sever, Frank 340

Sharkey, E. J 292

Shaver, Delmer 323

Shaver, G. M 320

Shaver, G. W 308

Shaver, H. T 192

Shaver, J. W 313

Shaver, Lincoln 314

Shedd, C. J 79

Shelton, J. E 133

Short, S. V 761

Siegmund, J. C 132

Siemens, J. W 368

Simpson, J. H 425

Skiff, N. L, 609

Skipworth, M. W 615

Skipworth, Walton 700

Slayton, E. T 601

Smith, A. A 595

Smith, E. H 146

Smith, M. H 580

Smith, N. L 610

Smith, W. K 185

Snyder, A. V. R 177

Sommerville, T. W 494

Spahn, Michael 720

Speer, Homer 69

Spencer, A. C 623

Staats. Tracy 522

Staats, V. C 227

Stanard, C. E 243

Stanley, T. L 656

Starbuck, A. B 284

Starr, I. W 427

Steeves, B. L 20

Stevens, A. C 424

Stewart, C. H 12

Stewart, N. H 726

Stewart, S. C 728

Stocker, Edward 596

Stone, H. B 657

Stone, H. W 352

Streib, Philip 638

Strode, V. K 165

Sugarman, Kiva 440

Sullivan, L. 1 12

Sumner, W. T 687

Sutton, Albert 254

Swafford, H. A 304

Sweeney, C. T 400

Swope, B. F 529

Taylor, "W. R 732

Terwilliger, Hiram 143

Thomas, B. C 649

Thorns, D. C 495

Thurlow, Argumento 271

Tooze, W. L., Jr 348

Train, S. S 543

Travis, L. M 238

Tucker, A. C 733

Tucker, R. L 566

Turner, W. S 286

Uglow, J. C 458

UUman, W. A 361

Upton, J. H 23

Van Cleve, R. S 130

Van Dusen, Arthur 188

Van Emon, W. C 636

Vanslyke, H. R 648

Varney, P. M 253

Vassall, W. G Ill

Vaughan, J. L 705

Veatch, R. M 234

Vinton, W. T 342

Von Borstel, Herman 294

Wadsworth, W. E 285

Waggener, C. E 417

Wagner, Henry 207

Walker, H. E 284

Walker, R. E 478

Walker, R. M 443

Walker, S. B 439

Wallace, X. G 642

Waltz, R. M 485

Weatherford, J. K 154

Weaver, B. F 603

Weaver, J. P 558

Weber, W. G 752

Weeks, W. S 595

Wellsher, T. H 424

Wentworth, L. J 359

Wesely, J. F 153

Wessinger, Paul 496

Whalley, J. W 587

Wheeler, C. H 72

Wheeler. W. H 104

Whitcomb, W. D 487

White, D. A 145

White, E. E 228

White, G. A 446

White, Roxanna W 498

INDEX

Whitehorn. Thomas 248

Wlutehouse, B. G 194

Whitehouse, M. H 217

Whitfield, William 483

Whitlock, Earl 664

Whitlock, J. P 604

Whitney. C. L 513

Wight, H. A 333

Wilcox, F. T 105

Wilcox, T. B 54

Wilhelm, Adam, Sr 226

Wilhelm, A. M., Jr 403

Wilhelm, G. A 199

Wilhelm, G.J 146

Wilhelm. Rudolph 355

Wilkins, F. M 91

Williams, F. A 459

Williams, Ralph E 303

Willis, Percy 392

Wilson, B. W 204

Wilson, C. B 75

Wilson, E. E 174

Wilson. J. 0 246

Winch. Martin 671

Windell. Albert 437

Wing, Abraham 708

Wolfard, L. D 748

Wolff, Fritz 545

Wolverton. 0. A 119

Wood, H. S 232

Wood, John 590

Woodcock, M. S 618

Wright. C. F 187

Wright, Del 326

Wurzweiler, William 544

Wyatt, F. J 413

Wygant, Theodore 673

Yates, J. F 558

Yeon, J. B 8

York. J. S 679

Young, Donald 305