THE HISTORY OF
PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
May Lansfield Keller.
THE HISTORY OF
PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
COMPILED BY
ELIZABETH ALLEN CLARKE - HELMICK
Michigan Alpha, Historian
PUBLISHED BY
PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
1915
(
Copyright, 1915
BY ELIZABETH A. HELMICK
DAVID D. NICKERSON & CO.
PUBLISHERS
INTRODUCTORY
THE material for this record of Pi Beta Phi Frater-
nity has been gathered from the extensive research and
correspondence of Mrs. Rainie Adamson-Small, Histo-
rian 1890-1892, Mrs. May Reynolds-Drybread, Historian
1892-1893, Olive McHenry, Historian 1893-1895, and
Jeannette Zeppenfeld, Historian 1906-1910, from the
chapter history studies, instituted in 1897 by Susan
Lewis, Historian 1895-1906, from the Arrow files gath-
ered and bound by Mrs. Kate King-Bostwick, Historian
1910-1912, and from personal letters and information
from alumne.
The author has tried to keep in mind the fact that
this work was ordered compiled primarily for the busy
student Pi Phi, and she has left out much that would
have given her real pleasure to have included in our
Fraternity's life story.
The study of the history of Pi Beta Phi Fraternity
and intimate intercourse with our loyal alumnse have
been an inspiration and joy. Our Founders and our
makers of early history, and all alumnaa have a right to
exact of the Pi Phis of to-day that they preserve the
traditions, uphold the standards, and ever live constant
to their vows and the ideals and honor of Pi Beta Phi.
ELIZABETH ALLEN CLARKE - HELMICK,
Historian.
Fort Sheridan, Illinois,
April 28, 1915.
331106
CONTENTS
PAGE
Introductory iii
Roll of Active Chapters 11
Roll of Inactive Chapters 14
I. In the Beginning 19
II. Rivalry 25
III. Extension 31
IV. Inactive Chapters 57
V. Organization and Government 71
VI. National Conventions 89
VH. Insignia 123
VIII. Alumnae Organizations 129
IX. Alumnae Clubs 139
X. Incorporation 165
XI. Grand Officers 169
XII. The Fraternity Magazine 177
XIII. Catalogue and Calendars 195
XIV. Pi Beta Phi Song Book 203
XV. Symphony and Coat-of-Arms 207
XVI. The "Cookie Shine" 211
XVII. Fellowships, Scholarships and Loan Funds . .217
XVIII. Fraternity Examinations 227
XIX. Pan-Hellenic Conventions 233
XX. Pi Beta Phi Settlement School 245
XXI. Conclusion 253
Fraternity Directory 259
Index , 265
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
May Lansfield Keller Frontispiece
Nancy Black 19
Libbie Brook . . 19
Clara Brownlee 19
Emma Brownlee 19
Ada Bruen 21
Jennie Home 21
Maggie Campbell 21
Rose Moore 21
Jennie Nicol 25
Fannie Thompson 25
Ina Smith 25
Fannie Whitenack 25
The Whitenack House 29
Kansas Alpha 33
Michigan Beta 33
Colorado Alpha 35
Illinois Beta 37
Colorado Beta 37
Iowa Zeta 37
Michigan Alpha 37
Illinois Delta 37
Columbia Alpha 37
California Alpha 41
Minnesota Alpha 41
Illinois Zeta 41
Vermont Alpha 41
Ohio Alpha , 41
Vermont Beta 43
vii
THE HISTORY OF
PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ROLL OF ACTIVE CHAPTERS
1868-1915
1. Iowa Alpha, Iowa Wesleyan College, Mt. Pleasant, Decem-
ber 21, 1868.
2. Illinois Beta, Lombard College, Galesburg, June 22, 1872.
3. Kansas Alpha, Kansas State University, Lawrence, April 1,
1873.
4. Iowa Beta, Simpson College, Indianola, October 13, 1874.
5. Iowa Gamma, Iowa State College, Ames, May 11, 1877.
6. Iowa Zeta, Iowa State University, Iowa City, February 12,
1882.
7. Illinois Delta, Knox College, Galesburg, March 7, 1884.
8. Colorado Alpha, University of Colorado, Boulder, October 15,
1884.
9. Colorado Beta, University of Denver, Denver, February 12,
1885.
10. Michigan Alpha, Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, May 21, 1887.
11. Indiana Alpha, Franklin College, Franklin, January 16, 1888.
12. Michigan Beta, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, April 7,
1888.
13. Columbia Alpha, George Washington University, Washing-
ton, D. C., April 27, 1889.
14. Ohio Alpha, Ohio University, Athens, December 16, 1889.
15. Minnesota Alpha, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
May 30, 1890.
11
12 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
16. Louisiana Alpha, H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College,
New Orleans, October 29, 1891.
17. Pennsylvania Alpha, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Octo-
ber 12, 1892.
18. Indiana Beta, University of Indiana, Bloomington, April 13,
1893.
19. California Alpha, Leland Stanford University, Palo Alto,
September 13, 1893.
20. Vermont Alpha, Middlebury College, Middlebury, December
I, 1893.
21. Ohio Beta, Ohio State University, Columbus, April 5, 1894.
22. Illinois Epsilon, Northwestern University, Evanston, May
26, 1894.
23. Wisconsin Alpha, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Novem-
ber 1, 1894.
24. Pennsylvania Beta, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Janu-
ary 4, 1895.
25. Nebraska Beta, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, January
21, 1895.
26. Illinois Zeta, University of Illinois, Champaign, October 26,
1895.
27. New York Alpha, Syracuse University, Syracuse, February
II, 1896.
28. Massachusetts Alpha, Boston University, Boston, March 7,
1896.
29. Maryland Alpha, Goucher College, Baltimore, January 9,
1897.
30. Indiana Gamma, Butler College, Indianapolis, August 27,
1897.
31. Vermont Beta, University of Vermont, Burlington, Novem-
ber 24, 1898.
32. Missouri Alpha, University of Missouri, Columbia, May 27,
1899.
33. California Beta, University of California, Berkeley, August
27, 1900.
34. Texas Alpha, University of Texas, Austin, February 19, 1902.
ROLL OF ACTIVE CHAPTERS 13
35. Pennsylvania Gamma, Dickinson College, Carlisle, December
21, 1903.
36. New York Beta, Barnard College, New York City, May 28,
1904.
37. Washington Alpha, University of Washington, Seattle, Jan-
uary 5, 1907.
38. Missouri Beta, Washington University, St. Louis, March 22,
1907.
39. Ontario Alpha, University of Toronto, Toronto, December 11,
1908.
40. Arkansas Alpha, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, De-
cember 29, 1909.
41. Oklahoma Alpha, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Septem-
ber 1, 1910.
42. Wyoming Alpha, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Septem-
ber 8, 1910.
43. Illinois Eta, James Millikin University, Decatur, March 29,
1912.
44. Washington Beta, Washington State College, Pullman, July
6, 1912.
45. Florida Alpha, John B. Stetson University, DeLand, Janu-
ary 30, 1913.
46. Virginia Alpha, Randolph-Macon College, College Park, May
10, 1913.
47. Missouri Gamma, Drury College, Springfield, January 9, 1914.
48. New York Gamma, St. Lawrence University, Canton, March
20, 1914.
ROLL OF INACTIVE CHAPTERS
1867-1915
1. Monmouth College, Monmouth, HI., April 27, 1867-1884.
2. Mt. Pleasant Female Seminary, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, October,
1869-1871.
3. Asbury University, Greencastle, Indiana, September, 1870-
1877.
4. Baptist Young Ladies' Seminary, Indianapolis, Indiana, De-
cember, 1870-1871.
5. Illinois Wesleyan College, Bloomington, Illinois, February
18, 1872
6. State Institute, Bloomington, Indiana, April, 1872-1885.
7. Pella College, Pella, Iowa, 1881
8. Dearborn Seminary, Chicago, Illinois, November, 1881-
November, 1883.
9. Jacksonville Female Academy, Jacksonville, Illinois, Novem-
ber, 1881-1884.
10. Clarinda, Iowa, Nu Chapter of I. C., 1881-1885. (Associate.)
11. Burlington, Iowa, Omicron Chapter of I. C., July, 1881-1885.
(Associate.)
12. Iowa State Normal School, Bloomfield, Iowa, October, 1881-
1885.
13. Des Moines, Iowa, Omega Chapter of I. C., May, 1882-1893.
(Alumnae.)
14. Carthage College, Carthage, Illinois, September 13, 1882-
1888.
15. Fairfield, Iowa, Beta Omega of I. C., October 12, 1882-1890.
(Alumnae and Associate.)
16. Nebraska Methodist College, York, Nebraska, July 5, 1884-
1892.
14
ROLL OF INACTIVE CHAPTERS 15
17. Ottumwa, Iowa, Iowa Theta of I. CX, August 22, 1884-1886.
(Associate.)
18. Iowa City, Iowa, Delta Omega of I. C., September 12, 1884-
1893. (Alumnae.)
19. Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, Gamma Omega of I. C., September, 1884-
1893. (Alumnae.)
20. Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Lambda of I. C., 1884-1886.
21. Wesleyan College, Cincinnati, Ohio, January 14, 1885-1886.
22. Lawrence, Kansas, Kappa Omega of I. C., 1885-1886.
(Alumnae.)
23. Callanan College, Des Moines, Iowa, October, 1886-1888.
24. Hastings College, Hastings, Nebraska, November 17, 1887-
1890.
25. University of Ohio, Wooster, Ohio, September 20, 1910-
February 14, 1913.
" In the progress of each man's character, his relation
to the best men, which at first seems only the romance
of youth, acquires a graver importance; and he will
have learned the lesson of life who is skilled in the ethics
of friendship." EMERSON.
Nancy Black.
Libbie Brook.
Clara Brownlee.
Emma Brownlee.
CHAPTER I
IN THE BEGINNING
THE Pi Beta Phi Fraternity was founded under the
name of I. C. Sorosis, on April 28, 1867, in Monmouth
College, Monmouth, Illinois, by the following eleven
students of that college : Nannie L. Black (Mrs. Rob-
ert Wallace), M. Libbie Brook (Mrs. John H. Gaddis),
Clara Brownlee (Mrs. A. P. Hutchinson), Emma
Brownlee (Mrs. J. C. Kilgore), Ada C. Bruen (Mrs. S.
Graham), Maggie F. Campbell (Mrs. J. R. Hughes),
Jennie Home (Mrs. Thomas B. Turnbull), M. Rosetta
Moore, Ina B. Smith (Mrs. M. C. Soule), Fannie A.
Thompson (died in 1868) and Fannie B. Whitenack
(Mrs. Howard Libby). Jennie Nicol was the first initi-
ate, and was regarded as one of the Founders.
11 In 1865, Beta Theta Pi and Delta Tau Delta estab-
lished chapters at Monmouth College, and the following
year Phi Gamma Delta came into existence. This con-
temporaneous advent of so many fraternities into a
school in which national Greek-lettered societies had
previously been unknown created throughout the stu-
dent body great interest in the fraternity question.
Greek-lettered, or secret societies, naturally enough,
became a general topic of conversation among both men
and women undergraduates. Thus, it came about one
evening, when Libbie Brook, Ada Bruen, Clara and
19
20 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Emma Brownlee and Fannie Whitenack were gathered
in the latter's home, that the topic of fraternities was
under discussion, which resulted in the founding even-
tually of Pi Beta Phi Fraternity.
" ' Why cannot we college girls also have a frater-
nity? ' asked Emma Brownlee. The suggestion met
with favor, and the five girls chose six other girls as co-
founders of the proposed organization. On April 28,
1867, a meeting was held in the Holt house, where Libbie
Brook and Ada Bruen roomed, to organize the proposed
sorosis. Ten of the eleven girls attended this meeting.
Fannie Thompson was not present, though she had ac-
cepted the invitation to join the society. At this meet-
ing Emma Brownlee was made temporary president and
Nannie Black was made temporary secretary. A com-
mittee was appointed to draw up a constitution and
nominate officers, and the grip was settled upon.
" The next meeting, May 5th, held at Maggie Camp-
bell 's home, was surrounded with a secrecy and mystery
which would startle us to-day. Behind closed blinds,
and in whispered words, our constitution was adopted,
every other two letters being omitted when written to
insure secrecy."
The founding of our Fraternity was not the outcome
of a hasty, thoughtless school-girl's whim or sentimental
flash, but the result of serious discussion and planning.
The early days were teeming with sacrifice and service.
The very name chosen by them, I. C., known to all Pi
Phis, published their standard, and to the wisdom, in-
telligence and endurance of these women we owe the
long and successful life of our Fraternity. To these
Ada Bruen.
Jennie Home.
Maggie Campbell.
Rose Moore.
IN THE BEGINNING 21
pioneers, with their rare insight into the needs and de-
mands of the rising generations of women for higher
and broader intellectual and spiritual development and
unity, all fraternity women of all creeds should offer
homage.
The college secret fraternities to-day hold thousands
of kindred spirits together, under many different badges,
yet with similar aims. The Arrow does not pierce the
realm of any other fraternity than Pi Beta Phi, but the
aims and ideals of the great body fraternal are the same
that prompted our Founders forty-eight years ago, and
have stirred the hearts and deep emotions of every fra-
ternity woman for all these years.
From the very inception of Pi Beta Phi, our Found-
ers worked for a national organization. At the first
meeting, in April, 1867, when the constitution was dis-
cussed, the idea of a national order was dwelt upon and
forcibly emphasized. At the second regular meeting, on
May 5th, the name of I. C. Sorosis, and the Constitution
were finally adopted, the badge was settled upon, and
the first election of officers under the Constitution re-
sulted in making Emma Brownlee president, Nannie
Black secretary, and Maggie Campbell treasurer.
Our Founders were not ignorant of the opposition
they would have to contend with in executing their well
laid plans. They realized that it meant sacrifice, and
scattered throughout the pages of our early history we
read of the constant devotion and unfailing loyalty to
the objects and ideals of Pi Beta Phi. The stirring ac-
counts of the early struggle for recognition, the grave
opposition to woman's aggression upon man's privileges,
22 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and the miraculous growth of chapters and enthusiasm
would fill a book throbbing with vital interest. The ad-
vent of a woman's secret society, patterned after the
well established men's fraternities in college, was " such
a new and wonderful vision to the developing woman of
that day that it filled them with fear," and Mrs. Emma
Brownlee-Kilgore, our Founder, tells us that on May
14, 1867, " when the eleven members of the new chapter
finally ventured forth in chapel, wearing the golden
Arrow for the first time, it was a long-to-be-remembered
event ; the young men cheered, the Faculty smiled, and
we felt that it was truly an important occasion. ' ' Here
was laid the new and lasting foundation for greater op-
portunities for women, and a precedent for the ensuing
generations was established. Truly, the fruits of our
Founders' planting on virgin soil have exceeded their
fondest dreams.
'' Let us then be what we are, and speak what we
think, and in all things keep ourselves loyal to truth, and
the sacred professions of friendship."
Jennie Nicol.
Fannie Thompson.
h;a Smith.
Fannie Whitenaek.
CHAPTER II
RIVALRY
" THE first two or three years of the life of our Fra-
ternity at Monmouth were very quiet and peaceful."
We had four chapters (Monmouth College, established
in 1867, Iowa Wesleyan University, established in 1868,
Wesleyan Female Seminary, at Mount Pleasant, estab-
lished in 1869, and Asbury University, at Greencastle,
Indiana, established in September, 1870) founded and
in a flourishing condition when Kappa Kappa Gamma
appeared in the field, in October, 1870, as our first rival.
One of our Founders, speaking of this time, tells us
that " Feeling ran very high between the two fraterni-
ties. I, C. Sorosis, of course, had the advantage of age
and established position, but the Kappas had among
their first members, several of boundless energy, great
zeal and indomitable will, so that much care and skilful
management were necessary for Pi Beta Phi to hold her
own against such opposition. But she did so, and not
only held her first standing, but steadily advanced. We
all know that the younger society lived and flourished
also. The strength of the fraternity testifies to this fact,
and Monmouth College should be proud to have been the
birthplace of two of the strongest women's fraternities
in the country."
The rivalry between Pi Beta Phi and Kappa Kappa
25
26 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Gamma continues to this day among active collegians,
but it is a healthful, stimulating rivalry, causing each
to put forth her best efforts. In our treasure chest may
be found rare and delightful mementoes of joint meet-
ings and cordial friendly greetings. The following,
written in 1886, is so typical of that charming style,
common among our college women thirty years ago, that
it is worthy of quotation in full : " To the I. C. Soro-
sis, assembled in Convention at Indianola, Iowa: Omi-
cron Chapter, of Kappa Kappa Gamma, sends greetings,
with best wishes for the prosperity and happiness of her
members. While the Key does not unlock the door into
the same mystic circle into which the Arrow of I. C.
pierces, yet each opens the way to higher walks of life,
which lead into gardens scented with the sweet perfume
of sisterly love, where happy groups, bound by the silver
cord of friendship, hand in hand, are striving to attain
a height upon which personal independence shall build
the citadel of virtue; and womanly character shall be
the key-note of the citadel arch. May the Arrow of I. C.
pierce every difficulty, and the Key of Kappa Kappa
Gamma unlock every barrier in the way, until our lives
may be spotless in the golden sunlight of the coming
morn."
This greeting voices the sentiment of our purpose in
life. When we were active college women our allegiance
to all things of Pi Beta Phi was paramount, and always
will remain first and foremost in our affections, but the
deeply instilled principles of devotion to the highest
ideals of perfect womanhood and sisterly love, give us,
in our more mature years, a broader vision and experi-
IN THE BEGINNING 27
ence, and we honor all women wearing the insignia of
any Greek-lettered fraternity, as being of a common
sisterhood, aiming at the highest and best that can be
made of the lives of each of us. The thought of rivalry
is buried in the recesses of the forgotten past, and lost,
save as an incident of our youth, and our hearts grow
tender and our warmth is kindled and glows toward all
Greeks.
As in business " competition is the life of trade, " so
in our active college life rivalry is of decided benefit,
for it spurs us on to putting forth our greatest efforts,
and serves to bring out the best in us. For the older
fraternity women, whose hearts and hands are full of
the cares of this busy life of responsibilities, the past
years of fraternity life are filled with fond and happy
memories, and the magic spell of a renewed " frat "
meeting or a " cookie shine " is ever an alluring dream
dear to many.
The Founders of Pi Beta Phi were Western women,
infused with the broad and constantly expanding spirit
of freedom, independence and healthy normal growth.
The rolls of Pi Phi to-day, with its seventy-nine hundred
loyal and enthusiastic followers, are inspiring witnesses
to the sagacity, intrepidity, and far-seeing wisdom of
these eleven women. The children and grandchildren of
Monmouth are proud of the legacy of their honored
Founders, and this inheritance will be one of the most
precious gifts we may pass down to our posterity, with
the prayer that
" Whatsoever things are true,
Lovely, fair,
28 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Beyond compare,
Pure as the Arrow's gold,
Sweet as wine carnations hold,
Honest, just, of worth untold
These hold ye, in honor due
Best to serve the name ye bear.
Wearers of the wine and blue,
Choose these in your hearts to wear."
" Convey thy love to thy friend as an arrow to the
mark, to stick there, not as a ball to bound back to thee."
FRANCIS QUABLES.
CHAPTER III
EXTENSION
IN the summer of 1868, at the Oquawka Convention,
it was decided that, in order to establish a national fra-
ternity, it would be necessary for one of the Founders
to leave Monmouth and go elsewhere to school. Libbie
Brook volunteered, and we follow her entrance into
IOWA WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY, at Mount Pleasant, Iowa,
in the Autumn, purely to plant the seed and nourish
the bud of our young Fraternity, and to-day we point
with pride to IOWA ALPHA, our oldest living chapter,
and to the long list of earnest, cultured women who
have gone forth to all parts of the world, carrying with
them the principles and teachings of Pi Beta Phi. The
next year Nannie Black founded the chapter at the
MT. PLEASANT FEMALE SEMINARY, in October, and in
1870 Kate F. Preston left Mt. Pleasant, and founded
the chapter in ASBURY UNIVERSITY, Greencastle, Indiana.
Then Mary Brook, Libbie 's sister, followed on the
mission of expansion, entering LOMBARD UNIVERSITY, at
Galesburg, Illinois, throwing her influence and energy
into establishing the chapter known to-day as ILLINOIS
BETA. The following year, KANSAS ALPHA came into
existence through the labors of Sara Richardson, an en-
thusiast from Lombard, and so down to the present time,
the line of inheritance from chapter to chapter forms
31
32 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
an important and eventful chain in the Fraternity's
history.
Active chapters from 1867 to 1882 were named in
rotation, according to the date of their charter, or estab-
lishment, with the letters of the Greek alphabet. In
1882, many changes in the chapter rolls having been
made, the Convention at Burlington voted for a revision,
which was made. This held good until the Indianola
Convention in 1886, when, owing to the rapid growth
of the Fraternity and withdrawal of all alumnae and
associate chapters, it became necessary to adopt a more
comprehensive method for designating chapters. The
present system, which was adopted on October 19, 1886,
was the result. By this method, the first chapter estab-
lished in a state becomes Alpha, with the state name
prefixed, the second becomes Beta, and so down the
Greek alphabet. ILLINOIS ALPHA is the only exception,
and it was voted that for all time the first chapter at
Monmouth should bear the name of ILLINOIS ALPHA,
and always be honored as the Mother of all chapters.
On Founders' Day, April 28, 1915, the rolls of Pi
Beta Phi Fraternity showed the following forty-eight
active chapters :
(1) IOWA ALPHA, IOWA WESLEY AN COLLEGE, Mt.
Pleasant, Iowa, established December 21, 1868, as
GAMMA CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis, by Libbie Brook (Mrs.
Gaddis), is the oldest active chapter in existence. When
the chapters were renamed in 1886 by the vote of the
Convention at Indianola, she became IOWA ALPHA of
I. C. Sorosis. Her charter members were Libbie Brook
(Gaddis), Jessie Donnell (Thomas), Lavinia Spry
Michigan Beta.
Kansas Alpha.
EXTENSION 33
(Lisle), Sarah A. Taylor, Prude Kibben (Murphy), and
Sadie Harrison (Knight). Iowa Alpha's roll shows
four hundred and twenty-four living members and fifty-
two deceased members.
(2) ILLINOIS BETA, LOMBARD UNIVERSITY, Galesburg,
Illinois, was established June 22, 1872, by Mary Brook,
as IOTA CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis, with the following
charter members : Sara A. Richardson, Carrie Brain-
ard, Ellen McKay (Greenwood), Charlotte Fuller
(Kisley), Eugenie Fuller, Emily Fuller, Emma Batchel-
der (Cox), Lucretia Hansen (Wertman), Genevieve
Dart (Crossette), Elsie Warren and Clara Richardson
(Putnam). At the Indianola Convention in 1886, the
chapter became ILLINOIS BETA. Two hundred and
seventy-one members have been initiated into this chap-
ter, of whom twenty-one are deceased.
(3) KANSAS ALPHA, KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY,
Lawrence, Kansas, was established on April 1, 1873,
through the influence of Sara Richardson, of Illinois
Beta, as KAPPA CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis. Her charter
members were: Mary Richardson, Hannah Oliver,
Clara Morris (Perkins), Lizzie Yeagley (Shaub), Vina
Lambert (Selkirk), Gertrude Bough ton (Blackwelder),
Flora Richardson (Colman) and Alma Richardson
(Wallace). Her name was changed to KANSAS ALPHA
in 1886, by the vote of the Indianola Convention. She
has initiated three hundred and sixty-seven members,
three hundred and forty-seven of whom are living.
(4) IOWA BETA, SIMPSON COLLEGE, Indianola, Iowa,
was established October 13, 1874, as LAMBDA CHAPTER
of I. C. Sorosis, through the efforts of Estella E. Walter
34: PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
(Ball), of Iowa Alpha. In 1886, her name was changed
to IOWA BETA, by the vote of the Ninth Convention,
held at Indianola, Iowa. Her charter members were :
Fannie Andrew (Noble), Kate Barker (McCune), Ella
Todhunter (Rickey), Estella Walter (Ball), Ida Che-
shire (Barker), Marie Morrison (Samson), Louise Noble
(Curtis), Emma Patton (Noble), Elizabeth Cook (Mar-
tin) and Elizabeth Guyer (Linn). Her rolls show two
hundred and fifty living members and twenty-one de-
ceased members.
(5) IOWA GAMMA, IOWA STATE COLLEGE, Ames,
Iowa, was first chartered May 11, 1877, as Mu CHAPTER
of I. C. Sorosis, through the influence of Elizabeth Cook
(Martin), of Iowa Beta. Her charter members were :
Alice Neal (Gregg), Cora Patty (Payne), Cora Keith
(Pierce), May Farwell (Carpenter), Angie Baird
(Wilson), Florence Brown (Martin), Mary Carpenter
(Hardin), Emma G. Trummel, Ellen Rice (Robbins),
Alice Whited (Burling), Jennie Leet (Wattles) and
Alfa Campbell (Fassett). By a ruling of the Ninth
Convention, at Indianola, in 1886, her name was
changed to IOWA GAMMA. In 1891 her charter was
withdrawn because of anti-fraternity laws in the insti-
tution, but when these laws were repealed, in 1903, the
chapter was again established on February 24, 1906,
and was composed of members of the local society Iota
Theta. Her rolls show that she has initiated two hun-
dred and one members, eleven of whom are deceased.
(6) IOWA ZETA, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, Iowa City,
Iowa, was chartered February 12, 1882, as Cm CHAPTER
of I. C. Sorosis. The organization was effected through
Colorado Alpha.
EXTENSION 35
the influence of Rena Reynolds (Howard), of Iowa
Alpha, and Estella Walter (Ball), of Iowa Beta, with
the following charter members: Estella Walter
(Ball), Emma Humphrey (Haddock), Laura Shipman
(Donnell) and Lucy M. Ham (Robinson). Its name was
changed from Chi Chapter to Sigma Chapter in 1882,
and in 1886, by the Convention held at Indianola it was
changed to its present name of IOWA ZETA. She has a
roll of two hundred and twenty-one living members and
fourteen deceased.
(7) ILLINOIS DELTA, KNOX COLLEGE, Galesburg, Illi-
nois, was established March 7, 1884, through the good
will of Illinois Beta, as UPSILON CHAPTER of I. C. Soro-
sis, though an attempt had been made two years pre-
vious, under the name of Tau Chapter, which failed.
The charter members were : Bessie M. Johnson, Geor-
gia Smith (Gale), M. Emma Stickney, Carrie McMurtie
(Conyers) and Gertrude Chapin (Thomson). Illinois
Delta has initiated two hundred and fifty-nine members,
eight of whom are deceased.
(8) COLORADO ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO,
Boulder, Colorado, was established through the influence
of Helena Dorr (Stidger) and Dessie Widner (Rodgers),
of the Iowa Alpha Chapter. The charter was dated
October 15, 1884, as OMEGA CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis,
and for a short time in 1886 it was named Nu CHAPTER,
when the Indianola Convention in October, 1886,
changed its name to the one she bears to-day Colorado
Alpha. Her charter members were: Mary L. Pea-
body (Dickinson), Leila Peabody, Elizabeth Heywood
Everts (Green), Carrie Dorr (Elliott), Minnie Earhart
36 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
(Wells), Esther L. Scudder, Sarah Holzman (Neu-
stadt), Georgiana Rowland and Kate Wise. Her roll
shows one hundred and twenty living members and ten
deceased.
(9) COLORADO BETA, UNIVERSITY OF DENVER, Denver,
Colorado, was established February 12, 1885, under the
personal leadership of Helen and Addie Sutliff, of Kan-
sas Alpha, as BETA CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis. The fol-
lowing year the name was changed to Colorado Beta.
The charter members were : Belle Anderson, Ruth
Hattie Ritz, Elizabeth Tuttle (Kingman), Mary Wolcott
(Smith), Frances Carpenter (Curtis) and Mary A.
Carpenter (Sadtler). The total initiated numbers two
hundred and ten, of whom ten are deceased.
(10) MICHIGAN ALPHA, HILLSDALE COLLEGE, Hills-
dale, Michigan, was chartered May 21, 1887. Her char-
ter members were: May Copeland (Reynolds-Dry-
bread), Josephine Graham (Hollinger), Myra Brown,
Belle Armstrong (Douglass), Carrie Charles (Barker)
and Anna Burgoyne (Stebbins). Michigan Alpha has
added one hundred and ninety-three members to the
rolls of Pi Beta Phi, fourteen of whom are deceased.
(11) INDIANA ALPHA, FRANKLIN COLLEGE, Franklin,
Indiana, was established through the efforts of Rainie
Adamson-Small, of Illinois Beta, Grand President, at
Indianola, from the local society Alpha Xi Theta, and
was chartered January 16, 1888, with the following
fourteen charter members : Emma Harper Turner,
Martha Noble (Carter), Inez Ulery McGuire, Jeannette
Zeppenfeld, Elizabeth Middleton, Harriott Palmer,
Maud E. Metsker, Emma McCoy (Hillis), Ona H. Payne
Illinois Beta.
Iowa Zeta.
Colorado Beta.
Michigan Alpha.
Illinois Delta.
Columbia Alpha.
EXTENSION 37
(Newsom), Pearl Wood (Sanford), Florence Shuh
(Clark), Anna McMahon, Nelle B. Turner and Mary
Emma Ellis (Monroe). Her roll shows that two hun-
dred and thirty members have been initiated, seven of
whom are deceased.
(12) MICHIGAN BETA, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, was chartered April 7, 1888, through
the influence of Minnie H. Newby (Ricketts), of Iowa
Alpha, and Statia Pritchard (Oursler), of Iowa Gamma.
The charter members were Minnie H. Newby (Ricketts),
Statia Pritchard (Oursler), Lucy Parker (Iluber),
Fannie K. Read (Cook) and Frances Arnold (Chad-
dock). May Copeland (Drybread) and Jessie Sheldon,
of Michigan Alpha, conducted the installation. Mich-
igan Beta has upon her rolls one hundred and eighty-
nine members, nine of whom are deceased.
(13) COLUMBIA ALPHA, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNI-
VERSITY, Washington, D. C., was chartered April 27,
1889, through the influence of Emma Harper Turner, of
Indiana Alpha, with the following charter members :
Phoebe Russell Norris, Sallie F. Sparks, Anna S. Hazel-
ton, Lillian S. Hazelton, Augusta M. Pettigrew (Shute)
and Emma Harper Turner. She carries the names of
one hundred and thirty-seven living initiates on her
rolls, and two deceased members.
(14) OHIO ALPHA, OHIO UNIVERSITY, Athens, Ohio,
was founded December 16, 1889, through the labors of
May Copeland (Drybread), of Michigan Alpha, with the
following charter members: Bertha McVey, Frances
Norton (Price), Corinne Super (Stine), Grace Gros-
venor (Shepard) and Fannie Brown. Elizabeth Foster
38 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and Bertha Brown were the first initiates, and since her
founding she has added one hundred and seventy-seven
to the wearers of the Arrow, seven of whom have died.
(15) MINNESOTA ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA,
Minneapolis, Minnesota, was founded May 30, 1890,
through the efforts of Minnie H. Newby (Ricketts), of
Michigan Beta, Grand Vice-President, with the follow-
ing six charter members: Ava Sumbardo (Perry),
Antoinette Palmer (Bond), Sarah Bird Lucy, Esther
Fiedlander, Clara Edith Bailey and Fanny Rutherford
(Stanton). This charter was withdrawn in November,
1896, but on September 8, 1906, Minnesota Alpha was
reestablished, with the following members of the local
society Beta Iota Gamma: Constance Day (Tawney),
Juanita Day, Irma Smith, Carrie Smith (Rucker),
Maud V. Johnson, Josephine Schain, Jessie Matson,
Florence Amble (Reed), Nellie Heyd, Alice Thompson
(Ladd), Monica Keating, Hortense Laybourn, Helen
Dickerson (Cobb), Florence Burgess (Blackburn),
Genevieve Watson, Louise Leavenworth (Newkirk),
Edith Garbett (Pickett), Ethelyn Conway (Harrison),
Luella Woodke (Humphrey), Bessie Tucker (Gislason),
Minnie Trimble and Esther Jean Chapman. She has
initiated one hundred and thirty-five into Pi Beta Phi,
four of whom are deceased.
(16) LOUISIANA ALPHA, H. SOPHIE NEWCOMB
MEMORIAL COLLEGE, TULANE UNIVERSITY, New Orleans,
Louisiana, was organized through the efforts of Mary L.
Burton (Wright), of Indiana Alpha, with the following
charter members : Josephine Craig (Wickes), Anna P.
Coyle, Isabella B. Coleman (Weise), Alice Boardman
EXTENSION 39
(Baldridge), Lottie Fairfax Galleher (Blacklock), Eliz-
abeth Henderson (Labrot) and Mary Given Matthews
(Mcllhenny), on October 29, 1891. Her chapter roll
shows one hundred and fifty initiated, six of whom are
deceased.
(17) PENNSYLVANIA ALPHA, SWARTHMORE COLLEGE,
Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, was chartered October 12,
1892, and installed by Lucy Maris and Zuell Preston
(Tyler), of Michigan Beta, with the following charter
members: Dora A. Gilbert, Marion D. Perkins (Jes-
sup), Harriet Kent (Hilton), M. Elizabeth Pownell
(Walton), Elizabeth M. Bailey (Powell), Lauretta T.
Smedley (Button) and Frances Darlington. She carries
one hundred and thirty-one living members on her roll,
and one deceased.
(18) INDIANA BETA, UNIVERSITY OF INDIANA, Bloom-
ington, Indiana, was organized by Elizabeth Middleton,
of Indiana Alpha, and chartered on April 13, 1893, by
the following members : Elizabeth Middleton, Jessie
Traylor (Grimes), Delia Evelyn Mount (Wooden),
Laura Rogers Grimes (Anderson), Eleanor Pearl
Grimes (Wright), Blanche McLaughlin, Edna Earl
Stewart and Carrie Bell Burner. She has added two
hundred and seventy-five to the rolls of Pi Beta Phi,
four of whom have died.
(19) CALIFORNIA ALPHA, LELAND STANFORD UNIVER-
SITY, Palo Alto, California, was organized by Anna Lena
Lewis, of Kansas Alpha, and first chartered September
13, 1893, with the following charter members : Mary
Myrtle Osborne (Lowe), Nellie Dora Woodburn, Stella
Mary Mayhugh, Ruby Adeline Ordway, Anna Mabel
40 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Lowe, Harriet Augusta Nichols (Taylor), Mary Alice
Mathews and Anne Lena Lewis. This charter was with-
drawn in the Autumn of 1897, and the chapter remained
inactive until February 11, 1905, when the charter was
reissued. She carries one hundred and nine living
members on her rolls, and two are recorded deceased.
(20) VERMONT ALPHA, MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE, Mid-
dlebury, Vermont, was organized by Jennie Sutliff, of
Kansas Alpha, and chartered on December 1, 1893, with
the following charter members : Laura S. Clark, Ber-
tha E. Ranslow (Joscelyn), Cora A. Brock (Daniels),
Mary 0. Pollard, Lena M. Roseman (Denio), Mabel H.
Ware (Bailey), Ada A. Hurlburt, Mary A. Towle and
Harriet D. Gerould. Vermont Alpha has initiated one
hundred and forty-eight members, having lost four by
death.
(21) OHIO BETA, OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, Columbus,
Ohio, was organized by May Copeland (Drybread), of
Michigan Alpha, with assistance from Ohio Alpha, and
chartered on the 5th of April, 1894, with the following
charter members : Anna Houston Blackiston (Pow-
ell), Mona Liggett Fay (Gee), Agnes Florida Chalmers,
May Baxter Porter (Miseldine), Gertrude Alice Plim-
mer (Sargent) and Ruth Houseman (Belknap). She
has initiated one hundred and ten members and lost four
by death.
(22) ILLINOIS EPSILON, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY,
Evanston, Illinois, was organized by Grace Lass (Sis-
son) and Loretta Hood, of Illinois Delta, and was char-
tered May 26, 1894, with the following charter mem-
bers: Maude Ethelyn Van Sickle (Schiver), Miriam
California Alpha.
Minnesota Alpha.
Illinois Zeta.
Vermont Alpha.
Ohio Alpha.
EXTENSION 41
Elizabeth Prindle (Waller), Grace Irmagarde Van
Sickle (Melone), Hila May Verbeck (Knapp) and Addie
May Griggs. She has initiated one hundred and sev-
enty-five, one of whom has died.
(23) WISCONSIN ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN,
Madison, Wisconsin, was organized by Mrs. Gertrude
Clark-Sober, of Michigan Beta, and Elizabeth Church
Smith, of Colorado Alpha, and installed on November 1,
1894, with the following charter members : Elizabeth
Church Smith, Elizabeth B. McGregor, Bessie Steen-
berg (Webster), Anna Pauline Houghton (Williams),
Anna L. Meshek (Tillotson), Amelia Ecklor Hunting-
ton (Gilmore), Agnes Arlette Perry, Genevieve Church
Smith and Nellie B. MacGregor (Ellis). Two hundred
and thirty-six members are upon her roll, five of whom
are deceased.
(24) PENNSYLVANIA BETA, BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY,
Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, was organized by Elizabeth
Culver, of Colorado Alpha, and chartered January 4,
1895, with the following members : Mary Bartol
(Theiss), Mary Moore Wolfe, Anna Kate Goddard
(Jones), Ruth Horsfield Sprague (Downs), Mary Re-
becca Eddelman (Saunders), Kate Irene McLaughlan
(Bourne) and Cora R. Perry (Finn). She has one
hundred and fifty-one living members and she has lost
four by death.
(25) NEBRASKA BETA, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, Lin-
coln, Nebraska, was established through the efforts of
Belle T. Reynolds, of Nebraska Alpha, Mae Miller Lan-
sing, of Michigan Alpha, Adaline M. Quaintance, of
Illinois Beta, and Helen B. Sutliff, Grand President,
42 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and chartered January 21, 1895, with the following
charter members: Lulu Eva Wirt, Jennie Barber
(Plym), Kate Snow Walker (Johnson), Bessie Turner
(Pearsall), Edna Blanche Carscadden (Wilson), Ger-
trude Wright (Barber), Belle T. Reynolds, Mae Miller
Lansing and Adaline M. Quaintance. She has added one
hundred and ninety-eight members to the rolls of Pi
Beta Phi, four of whom are deceased.
(26) ILLINOIS ZETA, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Cham-
paign, Illinois, was organized by Grace Lass (Sisson),
Grand President, assisted by Jessie Davidson, of Illinois
Delta, and chartered October 26, 1895, with the follow-
ing charter members : Amelia Darling Alpiner
(Stern), Edith Marie Weaver (Gilhulely), Blanche C.
Lindsay (Wood), Martha Vivian Monier (Morissy),
Laura E. Busey (Fulton), Nellie Besore (Sears), Edith
M. Yoemans, Anne B. Montgomery (Bahnsen) and Lelia
White. She carries one hundred and eighty-five living
members on her rolls, and three are recorded as de-
ceased.
(27) NEW YORK ALPHA, SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, Syra-
cuse, New York, was organized through the efforts of
Grace Grosvenor, of Ohio Alpha, and Florence Sher-
wood, of Kansas Alpha, and chartered February 11,
1896, with the following charter members : Julia A.
Talbott, Louise V. Winfield, Clara G. Hookway (Dun-
ham), Frances Beattie (Terry), Mary E. Mumford
(Latham), Lida May 'Byron, Blanche E. Harter
(Ivory), Frances May Bliss and Leora Sherwood (Gray).
Her rolls show that she has added two hundred and
twenty-three members to Pi Beta Phi, three of whom
are deceased.
Massachusetts Alpha.
Pennsylvania Gamma.
New York Beta.
California Beta.
EXTENSION 43
(28) MASSACHUSETTS ALPHA, BOSTON UNIVERSITY,
Boston, Massachusetts, was installed by Grace Grosve-
nor, of Ohio Alpha, and Mrs. Susanne Smith-Tyndale,
of Iowa Zeta, on March 7, 1896, with the following
charter members: Ethel Pearl Bancroft (Bicknell),
Clara B. Cooke, Evelyn A. Howe, Edith L. Floyd
(Swan), Winifred G. Hill (Maxfield), Mercy Mont-
gomery Hood, Adeline Mae Lawrence, Lucy Allen Gardi-
ner, Florence N. Flagg and Olive Bacon Gilchrist. She
lias one hundred and fifty-eight living members and she
has lost two by death. (See Arrow, Volume XII,
page 139.)
(29) MARYLAND ALPHA, GOUCHER COLLEGE, Balti-
more, Maryland, was chartered January 9, 1897. Eliza-
beth K. Culver, of Colorado Alpha, Helen and Elizabeth
Lamb, of Pennsylvania Alpha, and Loe Mary Ware, of
Nebraska Alpha, organized the chapter, and it was in-
stalled by Florence P. Chase (Cass), of Michigan Alpha,
with the following charter members : May Lansfield
Keller, Waunda Hartshorn (Petrunkevitch), Helen Ben-
son Doll (Tottle), Jennie Beck Smith, Elsie Price
Ganoe, Sylvia Evelina Ware (Ireland) and Edna Liv-
ingston Stone. She has added one hundred and forty-
six members to the rolls of Pi Beta Phi Fraternity.
(See Arrow, Volume XIII, page 97.)
(30) INDIANA GAMMA, BUTLER COLLEGE, Indianapolis,
Indiana, was chartered August 27, 1897. She was or-
ganized through the efforts of Bertha Hollard, of
Indiana Beta, from the local society Alpha Phi Psi,
and was installed by Mrs. Grace Lass-Sisson, Grand
President, with the following charter members : Mabel
44 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Gertrude Hank, Edith Boor Roberts (Loop), Ethel R.
Curryer, Annie Mercer McCollum, Olive Inez Phares
(Tittsworth), Jessie Larder Christian (Brown), Emily
Matilda Helming, Elizabeth Moxon Banning, Annette
Maybelle Seeley, Mary Gertrude McCollum (Moorhead)
and Marietta Lamb Thompson (Sprague). Her rolls
show one hundred and forty-two have been initiated, of
whom five are deceased. (See Arrow, Volume XIV,
page 13.)
(31) VERMONT BETA, UNIVERSITY OP VERMONT, Bur-
lington, Vermont, was chartered November 24, 1898,
through the efforts of Ada Hurlburt, of Vermont Alpha.
The installation was conducted by Ada Hurlburt and
Annis Sturges, of Vermont Alpha, and Martha P.
Luther, of Massachusetts Alpha, with the following
charter members : Ada Almina Hurlburt, Eliza May-
belle Farman, Mary Isabelle Gregory (Waddell), Kate
Russell (White), Edith Louise Carpenter, Mary Conro,
Ivah Winnifred Gale, Katheryne Knee Gebhardt
(Welch), Inez Adelaide Grout, Charlotte Frances Hale,
Susanne Pearl Whiteman (Smith), Grace Anna Good-
hue (Coolidge), Ethel Marilla Stevens (Guptel) and
Mary Adelle Grout (McKibbon). She shows an enroll-
ment of ninety-two members, four of whom are deceased.
(See Arrow, Volume XV, page 69.)
(32) MISSOURI ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI,
Columbia, Missouri, was chartered May 27, 1899, and
installed by Mrs. Grace Lass-Sisson, Grand President,
with the following charter members : Mary Iglehart
(Wear), Sue Stone (Smith), Maud Miller (Jones),
Maud Rippey (Minear), Lillian Lohr, Gertrude Bay-
EXTENSION 45
less (Mills), and Hettie Anthony. One hundred and
sixty members have been initiated since her installation,
three of whom she has lost by death. (See Arrow,
Volume XV, page 168.)
(33) CALIFORNIA BETA, UNIVERSITY OP CALIFORNIA,
Berkeley, California, was chartered August 27, 1900,
through the influence of Anna L. Mashek, of Wisconsin
Alpha, and she was installed by Ida Smith, of Kansas
Alpha, with the following charter members : Elizabeth
Jane Adams (Brown), Dora Bramlet (Ross), Eva Laura
Bramlet (Mannon), Sarah Theresa Huber (Manning),
Claire Madelaine Haas (Maples), Elma Anton Korbel,
Camilla Virginia Meyer (Herman) and Maud Estelle
Schaeffer. Her rolls show one hundred and fifty-one
initiated, two of whom are deceased. (See Arrow,
Volume XVII, page 15.)
(34) TEXAS ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, Austin,
Texas, was installed by Mrs. Ida Smith-Griffith, of
Kansas Alpha, on February 19, 1902, with the following
charter members: Jennie Armstrong Bennett (Ben-
nett), Loula Rose (Kibbe), Minnie Rose (Rector),
Vivian Brenizer (Caswell), Flora Bartholomew (Mc-
Leod), Attie McClendon (Marshall), Aline Harris (Mc-
Ashan), Ada Garrison, Anna Townes and Elsie Garrett
(Townes). She has initiated one hundred and fifty-one
members into Pi Beta Phi and lost three by death. (See
Arrow, Volume XVIII, page 141.)
(35) PENNSYLVANIA GAMMA, DICKINSON COLLEGE,
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was installed December 21, 1903,
by Grand President Elizabeth Gamble, assisted by
Mary Bartol-Theiss, with the following charter mem-
46 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
bers, all of the local society Alpha Phi Eta: Ruth
Barrett (Terrel), Anna May Hull (Crostusite), Kath-
erine Keefer, Gertrude Heller (Barnhart), Anna J.
Spears, Mabel B. Kirk, Kathleen M. Gooding (Ricken-
baugh), Delora E. Armstrong, Corinne Gaul, Mary C.
Stahr, Mary E. Hoover, Eva E. Cass, Ada Filler (Ken-
nedy), Elsie Hoffer, Dorothy G. Hoover, Marguerite
Barrett and Ideala Shimmel (Watson). This chapter
shows eighty-seven members initiated, one of whom has
died. (See Arrow, Volume XX, page 76.)
(36) NEW YORK BETA, BARNARD COLLEGE, New York,
New York, was organized from the local society Tau
Beta and chartered May 28, 1904. The installation was
conducted by the Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble,
assisted by Mary Bartol-Theiss, Grace Lass-Sisson, ex-
Grand President, and Charlotte Allen-Farnsworth,
ex-Grand Guide. The charter members were :
Minnie Randolph Boulger, Margaret Loretta Charles
Claffy, Julia Hulet Freed, Florence Eddy Hubbard,
Bessie Louise Lewis, Lisette Metcalf (Meikeljohn), Mary
Washburn Murtha (Webb), Dora Russell Nevins, E.
Millicent Perkins (Lawrence), Virginia Ralph (Davis),
Ella Jane Reaney, Mary Catherine Ruth Reardon and
Martha Ellen Thomas. She has seventy-four living
members upon her rolls. (See Arrow, Volume XX, page
235, also Volume XXIX, page 601, and Volume XXX,
page 351.)
(37) WASHINGTON ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OP WASHING-
TON, Seattle, Washington, was formed from the local
society Kappa Tau Tau, and was chartered January 5,
1907, and installed "by Roberta Frye, of Maryland Alpha,
EXTENSION 47
president of Delta Province, with the following charter
members: Mildred M. Boyd (Ryan), Imogen Cun-
ningham, Grace Silver Egbert, Harriet Rutherford
Johnstone, Dorothy Ray, Bess R. Wilbur, Genevieve
Bernice Clark (Mulvehill), Elizabeth Dearborn, Lela
Hawkins (Whitfield), Anne Krumdick (Walker), Ruth
Emeline Sturley and Agnes Logan Willis (Floyd). She
has initiated one hundred and twenty members into
Pi Beta Phi Fraternity. (See Arrow, Volume XXIII,
page 175.)
(38) MISSOURI BETA, WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, St.
Louis, Missouri, was chartered on March 22, 1907, and
installed by Elda L. Smith, Grand Secretary. The
charter members were: Ruth Bayley (Sargent),
Louise Buckingham Birch (Weidner), Helen Calista
Gorse, Julia Bell Griswold, Helen Maude Johnson, Hope
Mersereau (Bryson), Frances Rossbrough (Hudson),
Shirley Louise Seifert, Amy Starbuck, Hazel Louise
Tompkins, Elise Biddle Ver Steeg and Alice Louise
Woodward (Koken). She has initiated eighty-nine mem-
bers and lost one by death. (See Arrow, Volume XXIII,
page 267.)
(39) ONTARIO ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, To-
ronto, Canada, was organized from members of the local
society Xi Tau, and installed by Grand President May
Lansfield Keller on December 11, 1908, with the follow-
ing charter members : Ethelwyn Bradshaw, Geraldine
Oakley, Muriel Oakley, Beatrice Bowbeer, Jean Fechnay,
Bessie Cruickshank, Kathleen Ireland, Alma Anderson,
Edith Gordon, Maude Zuern, Minnie Barry, Marguereta
Chapman, Gladness Chapman, Jean McConnell and
48 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Jessie Starr. She has initiated forty-nine members
into Pi Beta Phi. (See Arrow, Volume XXV, pages
99-103.)
(40) ARKANSAS ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS,
Fayetteville, Arkansas, was formed from the local society
Gamma Epsilon Delta and was organized through the
efforts of Mrs. W. N. Gladson, of Iowa Gamma, and Mrs.
E. N. Merriman, of Iowa Zeta, and Celeste Janvier, of
Louisiana Alpha. The charter was dated December 29,
1909, and the installation on that date was conducted
by Grand President May L. Keller, assisted by Mrs. E.
N. Merriman, Iowa Zeta, Mrs. Hugh Branson, of Indiana-
Beta, and Mrs. J. F. Gilbert, of Iowa Beta. The follow-
ing were the charter members : Hazel Gadson, Ruth
Wood (Clark), Mary Shannon, Ruth Jennings, Mildred
Gregg, Victoria Vogel, Sallie Pope, Nellie Wilson, Mary
Campbell, Madge Campbell (Koser), Mary Droke, Lyta
Davis, Susie Moore (Rowan), Dolph McCain, Elizabeth
Nichols, Lucy Nichols, Sulu Fleeman, Bess Jane Graham
(Black), Margaret Stuckey (Cole), Barbara Davis
(Olney), Wauda Richards, Aileen Spencer, Ovid Young
(Barrett), Sunshine Fields (Yates), Frances Douglass,
Lillian Wallace (Raney), Claire Norris (Moody) and
Josephine Dubs (Bohart). She has initiated seventy-
four members. (See Arrow, Volume XXVI, pages 108-
111.)
(41) OKLAHOMA ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA,
Norman, Oklahoma, was organized through the efforts
of Mrs. Bertha Holland-Branson and Mrs. Lela Gray-
Clifton, of Indiana Beta, and chartered September 1,
1910. The installation was conducted by Grand Presi-
EXTENSION 49
dent May Lansfield Keller, assisted by Mrs. Florence
Chase-Cass, of Michigan Alpha, with the following-
charter members : Carolyne Wynn Ledbetter, Ella
May Thompson, Dorothy L. Bell, Inez McMillan, Bess
Jane McMillan, Hallette B. Fraley, Lucile K. Bell,
Beatrice von Keller, M. Zoe Borrowdale, Grace Lee, Eva
Lee, Alice Heines, Nellie Frances Johnson, Jennie B,
Dyer, Ereah Rash, Nannie Lee Miller and Madge E,
Ackley. She has initiated seventy-five members. (See
Arrow, Volume XXVII, pages 23-34.)
(42) WYOMING ALPHA, UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING,
Laramie, Wyoming, was chartered through the influence
of Dr. Grace Raymond Hebard, of Iowa Zeta, on Sep-
tember 8, 1910. Grand President May Lansfield Keller,
assisted by Mary Wallihan-Gibson, of Colorado Beta,
Frances Dunning, Maryland Alpha, Dr. Grace R.
Hebard, of Iowa Zeta, and Louise Tourtellotte, of
Colorado Alpha, conducted the installation, with the
following charter members : Harriet Abbott, Evangel-
ine Downey, Vera Hellenback, Theresa Langheldt, Mary
Ben Wilson, Margaret Aber (Hoge), Miriam Doyle,
Merle Kissick, Edith Miller, Dorothy Worthington, Jean
Douglass, Ruth Greenbaum, Wilberta Knight, Maud
Skinner and Agnes Wright. Sixty-six members have
been added to Pi Beta Phi by this chapter, two of whom
are deceased. (For account of installation, see Arrow,
Volume XXVII, page 39.)
(43) ILLINOIS ETA, JAMES MILLIKIN UNIVERSITY,
Decatur, Illinois, was chartered March 29, 1912, being
organized from the local Delta Theta Psi Fraternity,
which was the first woman 's fraternity of James Millikin
50 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
University. The installation was conducted by Grand
President May Lansfield Keller, with the following
charter members : Helen Page (Huff) , Lucy A. Curtis,
Norma L. Council (O'Bannow), Lois A. Browne, Marie
Scott (Camp), Jessie E. Patterson (O'Day), Mabel K.
Edmonson, Ann Stoker, Helen Keeley, Margaret Hessler,
Eula Mason, Virginia Bowyer, Irma Nicholson, Fannie
Johnson (Patch), Irene Handlin (Duerr), Lucy Pen-
hallegon-Montgomery, Florence Page, Esther M. Starr,
Grace Thrift, Olga Keek-McDavid, Margaret Gray-
Oliphant, Lucile Logan, Edith W. Bowyer, Lucile Hunt
(Petrie), Myrtle Rugh Gearin, Jessie L. Ferguson,
Helen A. Bishop, Katherine Troutman, Winifred D.
Moorehead, Katherine Holmes, Pearl Tippett (Mattes),
Ruth Bicknell- Walker, Blossom Field (Taylor), Edith
Schenck, Candace Cloyd (Johnson), Alta Witherspoon-
McDavid, Ruth Nicholson, Gladys Smith-McGaughey and
Adelaide Bingaman-Wassen. Illinois Eta's roll shows
eighty-one members initiated, two of whom have died.
(See Arrow, Volume XXVIII, pages 434-437.)
(44) WASHINGTON BETA, WASHINGTON STATE COL-
LEGE, Pullman, Washington, was chartered July 6, 1912.
The installation was conducted by Anna Lytle-Tannahill,
Nebraska Beta, with the following charter members :
Gladys McCroskey, Edna Folger, Harriet Baker, Helen
Roudebush, Edna Davis, Quevenne Mecklem, Zelv Meck-
lem, Ruth Turner, Mildred Guile, Helen Quarels, Ruth
Mclnnis, Lillian MacLeod, Laura Thompson, Eleanor
Henderson, Elizabeth Mervyn, Mildred Waters, Frances
Carroll, Elizabeth Yermilge, Helen Newland, Cora Holt
Phillips, Doris Schumaker, Margaret Thompson, Geor-
*
9
46
B
i
Florida Alpha Group.
Ontario Alpha House.
Illinois Eta House.
EXTENSION 51
gia Davis and Florence Westacott. Fifty-four Pi Phis
have been initiated into this chapter since its founding.
(See Arrow, Volume XXIX, page 48.)
(45) FLORIDA ALPHA, JOHN B. STETSON UNIVERSITY,
De Land, Florida, was chartered January 30, 1913, with
the following charter members : Ruth Allen, Marie
Dye, Fay Cribbett, Nina Phillips, Mabel Eldredge, Mar-
guerite Blocker, June Loel Adams, Mary Ellen Keown,
Lee Craig Bowers, Gladys Louise Sidway, Mildred La
Verne Vorce, Annie Nadine Holden, Harriet Spratt
Hulley, Louise Crisfield Hulley, Sarah Van Hoosen
Jones, Mary Landes Buttorff, Lillian Wadsworth Eld-
redge and Katherine Brice Carpenter. Grand President
May Lansfield Keller, assisted by Eloise Mayham-
Hulley, Pennsylvania Beta, conducted the installation.
She has added thirty-eight members to the long roll
of Pi Beta Phi. (See Arrow, Volume XXIX, page
422.)
(46) VIRGINIA ALPHA, RANDOLPH-MACON COLLEGE,
College Park, Virginia, was organized from Iota Chapter
of Alpha Sigma Alpha, and installed by Grand President
May Lansfield Keller, on May 10, 1913, with the follow-
ing charter members : Catherine Murphy, Marion
Daniel, Margaret Moffett, Ruth Curtiss, Enid Alexander,
Mollie Mistrot, Stella Cameron, Virginia Wood, Martha
Rader, Johnnie Link, Grace Link, Marion Fowlkes, and
Clara Williams. Thirty-seven members have been added
to the rolls of Pi Beta Phi by this chapter. (See Arrow,
Volume XXIX, pages 591-599.)
(47) MISSOURI GAMMA, DRURY COLLEGE, Springfield,
Missouri, was organized from the local chapter of Mu
52 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Beta Fraternity, and chartered January 9, 1914. Grand
Vice-President Lida Burkhard-Lardner conducted the
installation, which made forty-two Mu Betas members of
Pi Beta Phi. The following are the charter members :
Elizabeth C. Allen, Margaret Bishop, Lillian Boyd, Mary
Criss, Marie Gates, Marguerite George, Lois Hall, Carrie
Humphries, Mary Hopkins, Isabel Morse, Janet Mc-
Quiston, Nina McCanse, Charline McCanse, Ruth
Minard, Inez Mathes, Victoria Pease, Clara Pitt, Mar-
garet Pipkin, Aldine Patterson, Opal Rhamy, Lola
Robertson, Orpha Smith, Esther Vallette, Agatha Wat-
son, Ruth Wilson, Ora Walton, all active members, and
May Berry, Susie Dillard, Myrtle Hurt, Carolyn Harri-
son-Houston, Ruth Hubbell, Helen Hall, Mary Lair,
Marie McCanse, Yvonne McClain Morgan, Bess Rogers,
Dell Dumphy Reps, Hazel Smith, Statira Fisher-Sills,
Sarah Townsend, Ruth Thomas and Ethel Rhamy- Wag-
staff, alumnae members. Seventy members have been
added to the rolls of Pi Beta Phi by this chapter. (See
Arrow, Volume XXX, pages 324-332.)
(48) NEW YORK GAMMA, ST. LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY,
Oanton, New York, was organized from Omega Gamma
Sigma, a local fraternity, and chartered March 20, 1914,
with the following charter members : Belle Allen,
Helen Brainerd, Amanda Pellens, Minette Newman,
Mayfred Claflin, Frances Gover, Mary O'Donnell, Alice
McDonald, Arloine Hastings, Florence Maloney, Mary
Dana, Muriel Waters, Virginia Dill, Estelle Cordery,
Bessie Blanchard, Angela Courtright, Edna Mayo, Edith
Tryon, Helen Mileham, Ruth Richardson, Audrey Has-
tings, Mildred Pellens, Elizabeth Towne and Estelle
Iowa Alpha.
Iowa Gamma.
Virginia Alpha.
New York Gamma.
Wyoming Alpha.
Nebraska Beta.
EXTENSION 53
McVickar. The installation was conducted by Grand
President May Lansfield Keller. This chapter has added
eighty-seven members to Pi Beta Phi. (See Arrow,
Volume XXX, pages 543-565.)
" Do you know that the old Fraternity grows higher
and nobler to me every year? My fraternity experience
grows richer and richer to me though it be dead to all
outward show. How the touch of time has softened even
the irregularities of those days into a quiet beauty."
SCROLL, OF PHI DELTA THETA.
CHAPTER IV
INACTIVE CHAPTERS
WE, as Americans, point with justifiable pride, to our
free institutions and democratic society. We teach our
young to declaim from the Declaration of Independence
that ' * all men are created equal ; that they are endowed
by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that
among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happi-
ness. ' ' In our public schools, the rich and the poor, the
brilliant and the dull, sit side by side and stand shoulder
to shoulder, and march out as one, but it will be noticed
that at the school gate kindred spirits pair off, and
groups of congenial girls and boys fall in step to go their
choice of ways. The trite, homely old expression, * ' birds
of a feather flock together, " has never lost its signifi-
cance. The savage chief, whose instinct is his ruling
force, gathers around him the strongest men of his
barbaric tribe. All historians of all ages tell us of the
groupings of men and women with common feelings.
The assembling of congenial persons with the same
avowed ideals and hopes is as old as the mountains, and
when a person attempts to arraign or condemn the college
fraternity on the ground of exclusiveness or harmful
cliques, he is ignorant of the true and lasting benefits
coming from fraternity life, or he is paid to shepherd
and care alike for those under him, and he must be true
57
58 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
to his interpretation of this trust, frowning upon organ-
ized discriminations and selected societies. To this last
reason, we owe the greatest struggle of our life for ex-
istence in the early days of our history, and because of
this opposition, which in many cases resulted in passing
anti-fraternity laws in our colleges and universities, we
were forced to withdraw and record as inactive the fol-
lowing eight chapters :
(1) ILLINOIS ALPHA, MONMOUTH COLLEGE, Monmouth,
Illinois, our beloved Mother Chapter, founded April 28,
1867, by Libbie Brook (Gaddis), Maggie Campbell, Ada
Bruen (Grier), Clara Brownlee (Hutchinson), Emma
Brownlee (Kilgore), Fannie Whitenack (Libby), Rosa
Moore, Ina Smith (Soule), Fannie Thompson, Jennie
Home (Turnbull) and Nannie Black (Wallace). This
chapter was known as ALPHA CHAPTER of I. C.
Sorosis from its birth until the Convention at Indianola
in 1886, when all chapters were renamed by letters of
the Greek alphabet with the name of the state prefixed,
and the Mother Chapter became Illinois Alpha. It was
voted that for all time, whether active or inactive, she
should be known by this name. Illinois Alpha was the
ruling chapter of the organization from 1867 to 1884,
with the exception of a short time between 1880 and
1882, when Lambda, at Simpson College, Indianola, held
the governing power, by a vote of the Mt. Pleasant Con-
vention of 1880. In 1884, by an action of the college
Faculty, all secret fraternities were abolished in Mon-
mouth College, and the Mother Chapter of Pi Beta Phi
ceased to exist, but her influence had spread, and the
strong growth of her chapters extends to-day over our
INACTIVE CHAPTERS 59
country from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the
Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean, while her daughters
and granddaughters are scattered over the whole world.
Illinois Alpha has seventy-two living members, and
the souls of thirteen have gone to their Heavenly Father.
(2) MT. PLEASANT FEMALE SEMINARY, Mt. Pleasant,
Iowa, was established in October, 1869, by Nancy Lee
Black (Wallace), of Monmouth College, and Prude
Kibben (Murphy), of Iowa Alpha, and was known at
first as Beta Chapter, and later as Delta Chapter of I.
C. Sorosis. Her charter members were : Nannie Fitz-
gerald (Wharton), Mary Crane, Elizabeth MacEllhiney,
Ella Wright (Mapel), Anna Wallace (Hoffman), Keo
Knapp (Stoddard) and Mary Wright (Peary). Owing
to the serious disapproval of all secret organizations on
the part of the Faculty this chapter surrendered its
charter and became inactive in 1871. Thirty-six mem-
bers were initiated during her short life, twelve of whom
are deceased.
(3) BAPTIST YOUNG LADIES' INSTITUTE, Indianapolis,
Indiana, was chartered in December, 1870, as Zeta
Chapter of I. C. Sorosis, through the influence of Louise
Parks (Richards), of Epsilon Chapter of I. C., then
Asbury University. Her charter members were Laura
McDonald, Laura Bingham, Belle Roach, Julia Sharpe,
Ethel Johnston and Louise Parks. It developed after a
few meetings that the Faculty wished to reverse their
consent to organizing a secret society in the Institute,
and the charter was returned before admitting any mem-
bers other than the six charter members.
(4) PELLA COLLEGE, Pella, Iowa, was granted a charter
60 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
in 1881 through the efforts of Elizabeth DeLong, under
the name of Sigma of I. C. Sorosis, but owing to almost
immediate opposition to secret societies the charter was
returned and the chapter ceased to exist. There is no
record of the names of the charter members.
(5) JACKSONVILLE FEMALE ACADEMY, Jacksonville,
Illinois, was established in November, 1881, by Lizzie
Guthrie (Pardoe), of Illinois Alpha, with the following
charter members: Jane Scolfield, Mae Curry (Bell),
Jeannette Miller, Clara Rentschler (Hess), Nellie Bullard
(Price), Cora Rodgers (Montgomery), Ellen L. Gary
(Mack), Lida Dulaney, Lillian Best, Emma Ewing and
Belle Stilson (Hoss). This chapter was known as Phi
Chapter of I. C. Sorosis, but was short lived, owing to
Faculty opposition to secret societies, and in November,
1884, the six active members agreed to surrender their
charter. Twelve members were initiated into this chapter.
(6) WESLEY AN COLLEGE, Cincinnati, Ohio, was founded
by M. Annette Jones (now Mrs. George L. Walls), of
Kansas Alpha, on January 14, 1885, as Psi Chapter of
I. C. Sorosis. The charter members were : Harriet
Ritter, Florence McGowan, Westanna Brown, Cornelia
Humphrey, Esther Rhay and Thirza Burns. The charter
was received and the chapter fully organized when the
college authorities passed a resolution prohibiting secret
societies in the institution. The chapter, when it sur-
rendered its charter in 1886, had thirteen members upon
its rolls. In a personal letter, written at the time, it is
recorded that ' ' the girls were so angry and disappointed
that Florence McGowan and Harriet Ritter gathered the
charter, the constitution, the minutes and everything
INACTIVE CHAPTERS 61
pertaining to the chapter and burned them in the
furnace."
(7) HASTINGS COLLEGE, Hastings, Nebraska, was
organized as Nebraska Beta, November 17, 1887, through
the efforts of Luella Vance (Phillips), Maud C. Harri-
son and Flora S. Bowman (McCloud), of York, assisted
by Flora Blackburn (Lamson), of York, and Lillie Selby
(Moor), of Iowa Zeta. The charter members were:
Leta Horlocker, Luella Vance (Phillips), Adeline Shedd,
Freda Elizabeth Wahlquist (Zacharias), but owing to
almost immediate opposition, the chapter failed to
prosper and the Convention at Galesburg in 1890 voted
to recall the charter. Only five members were initiated
after the founding in 1887, making the total membership
nine.
(8) OHIO GAMMA, UNIVERSITY OF OHIO, Wooster, Ohio,
was formed from the local society Alpha Delta Psi, and
chartered September 20, 1910. Grand President May
Lansfield Keller conducted the installation, assisted by
Elda Smith, of Illinois Epsilon, and Mrs. James Ewing,
of Maryland Alpha. The following were the charter
members : Grace Lenore Thurness, Helen Elizabeth
Colville, Florence Hilda Rodewig, Anna Clark Palmer,
Dorothy Martin, Helen M. Harrington, Ellen Fessenden
Boyer, Altha Marie Munn, Helen Marie Walker, Ruth
Mackintosh, Pearl Elizabeth McCrory, Georgia L. Munn,
Estella Grace Klein, Elsa I. Schlicht and Esther Boyer.
She has initiated forty-eight members. (For account of
installation, see Arrow, Volume XXVII, page 43. For
account of expulsion, see Arrow, Volume XXIX 9 page
419.)
62 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Charters from the following five chapters were re-
called because of insufficient support or unsatisfactory
fraternity material of Pi Phi standard:
(1) ASBURY UNIVERSITY, Greencastle, Indiana, was
chartered in September, 1870, as Epsilon Chapter of I.
C. Sorosis, through the efforts of Kate F. Preston, of
Mt. Pleasant, with the following charter members :
Ella Jones (Preston), Florence Brown (Miller), Laura
Beswick (McKaig), and Rose Rankin. This charter was
officially withdrawn in 1877; it was never a strong
chapter. The school atmosphere may be imagined from
the following quotation from a letter of one of the
charter members, giving a very interesting picture of
the ' ' co-ed 's ' ' early struggles : ' ' One of the set prayers
at Chapel exercises, of one of our professors, was for
1 the over three hundred young men and the some few
voung women ' " and she adds, ' ' We felt rather few
and unwelcome ! ' ' The records show that twelve mem-
bers were initiated, four of whom are dead.
(2) ILLINOIS WESLEY AN COLLEGE, Bloomington, Illi-
nois, was chartered February 18, 1872, as Theta Chapter
of I. C. Sorosis, through the work of Kate Preston,
Indiana Alpha (then Asbury University). All the
records of this chapter were destroyed, the charter being
withdrawn soon after it was granted.
(3) STATE INSTITUTE, Bloomington, Indiana, was
chartered in April, 1872, as Eta Chapter of I. C. Sorosis,
through the influence of Love Gregg, but there is no
record that the chapter thrived, and the ruling of the
Convention of 1885 invalidated the charter, and the
chapter was put on record as inactive.
INACTIVE CHAPTERS 63
(4) DEARBORN SEMINARY, Chicago, Illinois, was estab-
lished in November, 1881, through the enthusiastic efforts
of Jennie Hardin (Disney) and Nettie C. Braiden (Mc-
Clanahan), of Monmouth College, as Rho Chapter of I.
C. Sorosis. The charter members were Celia Hefter,
Rebecca Hefter (Chapsky), Lucy S. Silke, Allie Silke
(Hunger), Eugenia Hegan, Mary Hegan and Julia
Tierney (Van Osdel). The chapter disbanded November
27, 1883, and the charter was returned in January, 1884.
The records show that nine members were taken in dur-
ing its two years of existence.
(5) CARTHAGE COLLEGE, Carthage, Illinois, was organ-
ized by Nannie Thompson (Lord), of Illinois Alpha, and
chartered on September 13, 1882, as Tau Chapter of I.
C. Sorosis. After the Convention of 1886, it became
Illinois Gamma. The charter members were: Mamie
Hooker (Doust), Kate Johnson (McClure), Julia Ferris
(Hubbs), Margaret Stepp (Aleshire) and Nannie
Thompson (Lord). In 1888, this chapter failed to com-
ply with the requirements of the Constitution and the
charter was withdrawn by a vote of the Convention.
Twenty-seven members were added to Pi Beta Phi
through the organization, five of whom are dead.
The removal, or financial failure, of the following
three colleges made it necessary to withdraw the
charters :
(1) Lambda Chapter of I. C. Sorosis was estab-
lished at COE COLLEGE, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, through
members from the Mt. Pleasant Chapter, during the
Autumn of 1884, with the following charter members :
Emma Josephine Pordyce, Carrie Fordyce, Emma
64 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Forsythe, Lavinia Forsythe, Helen Burton and Belle
Dusill. " It was composed of fine women and workers
and flourished; though, when the college failed two
years later, it was compelled to surrender its charter;
but the members held together as an alumnae chapter
until 1886. " Seventeen members were added to Pi Phi
by this charter.
(2) NEBRASKA METHODIST COLLEGE, York, Nebraska,
was established July 5, 1884, as Chi Chapter of I. C.
Sorosis, by Flora M. Housel (McDowell), of Iowa Alpha,
with the following seven charter members : Vinnie
Harrison (Cowell), Callie L. Mam (Daggy), Belle
Dickey (Hunter), Louise Woodruff (Jerome), Flora S.
Bowman (McCloud), Mary L. Baldwin (Wyckoff) and
Flora M. Wycoff (Cameron). This chapter flourished
until 1892, when the college closed its doors at York, and
moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, where it became the
Nebraska Wesleyan University. This chapter initiated
fifty-six members, six of whom are dead. It was a
prosperous and strong chapter, having sent members to
many states in the Union, one to Ceylon and one to
Japan. This chapter started, and maintained a library
in York for ten years, and then gave over one thousand
volumes to the city to become the nucleus for the city
library. It was with deep regret to the Fraternity that
it was compelled to chronicle the death of the York
chapter.
(3) C ALLAN AN COLLEGE, Des Moines, Iowa, was
granted a charter by the Indianola Convention on
October 21, 1886, with five charter members. Six mem-
bers were initiated in 1886 and three in 1887. In June,
Library at York, Nebraska.
INACTIVE CHAPTERS 65
1888, the college was closed and transferred its good will
to Drake University, which prohibited secret societies.
This chapter was named Iowa Lambda and added four-
teen members to Pi Beta Phi.
By a vote of the Lawrence Convention, in November,
1885, which invalidated all charters to chapters outside
of colleges and universities, we lost the following nine
chapters :
(1) CLABINDA, Iowa, Nu CHAPTER of I. C. Sorosis,
was organized in 1881, by Georgia Burlingham (Bell),
of Monmouth College, and was composed entirely of
young ladies of the town of Clarinda. The charter
members were: Kate Rickey (Marlowe), Dora Rickey,
Emma Cozier (Shaver), Minnie Chamberlaine (Russel),
Minnie Hinman (Welsh), Anna McPherrin (Frazier),
Alice Clement (Lundy), Laura Calhoon (McGuire),
Ada Calhoon (Holmes) and Emma. Tomlinson (Morris).
The constitution and all papers pertaining to the chapter
were destroyed by Emma Tomlinson and no records of
the initiations after the first year are to be had. Ten
members were initiated in 1881.
(2) BURLINGTON, Iowa, OMICRON CHAPTER of I. C.
Sorosis, was organized by the Mt. Pleasant Chapter
of I. C. in July, 1881. In 1886 thirty-eight members had
been initiated into the chapter, three of whom are re-
corded as deceased.
(3) IOWA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL, Bloomfield, Iowa,
was established in October, 1881, as Xi CHAPTER of
I. C. Sorosis, through the influence of Sadie Young
(Jones) and Alice Johnson (Steel), of Iowa Alpha. It
was Xi Chapter until 1882, then Nu Chapter until 1885,
66 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
then Omega until 1886, when it went out of existence
through the ruling of the Convention of 1885. The
charter members were the following : Sude Weaver
(Evans), Saidee Gooding (Hathaway), Elva Plank
(Anderson), Delia Greenleaf (Sowers), Hattie Trimble
(Stanbro) and Rena Galloway (Summers). She initiated
seventy-nine members and has lost six by death. This
chapter gave us many prominent Fraternity women as
well as strong women scattered over the whole United
States.
(4) DES MOINES, Iowa, OMEGA CHAPTER of I. C.
Sorosis, was established in May, 1882, through the in-
fluence of the Mt. Pleasant active chapter, and was com-
posed entirely of alumnse.
(5) F AIRFIELD, Iowa, BETA OMEGA CHAPTER of I. C.
Sorosis, was organized October 12, 1882, by two members
of I. C. from Iowa Wesleyan College. In 1886 it became
IOWA ETA. The charter was returned in 1890. Its rolls
show thirty-eight members, seven of whom have died.
(6) OTTUMWA, Iowa, ZETA OMEGA CHAPTER of I. C.
Sorosis, was chartered August 22, 1884, with the follow-
ing charter members: Maud Daggett, Helen Warren,
Caroline Walton (Miller), Hester Warden (Fann),
Nettie Warden (Williams), Elizabeth Flagler, Emma
Harper (Jones), Kate Jackson (Craig) and Anna
Warden (Yarble). This chapter was composed of col-
lege material, but not active collegians, and therefore,
when the Convention of 1885 voted to confine its mem-
bers to college or university students, this chapter,
known as IOWA THETA after the renaming of the chapters
in 1886, was requested to surrender its charter, which it
INACTIVE CHAPTERS 67
did in 1893, having been inactive since 1886. She
initiated sixty-eight members and has lost eleven by
death.
(7) MT. PLEASANT, Iowa, GAMMA OMEGA CHAPTER of
I. C. Sorosis, was organized in September, 1884. After
the Indianola Convention in 1886 it became IOWA IOTA.
Owing to the ruling of the Lawrence Convention it was
obliged to surrender its charter, and in 1893 it became
inactive and joined the National AlumnaB Association of
Pi Beta Phi. Ninety-six were admitted into membership
of this chapter, two of whom are dead.
(8) IOWA CITY, Iowa, DELTA OMEGA of I. C. Sorosis,
was established through the influence of Iowa Zeta, on
September 12, 1884. This was a short-lived but brilliant
chapter, adding eighteen members to Pi Beta Phi Fra-
ternity.
(9) LAWRENCE, Kansas, KAPPA OMEGA, was estab-
lished in 1885, but disbanded the following year. It
confined its members to college and university graduates.
The above twenty-five chapters were chartered and
were a part of the Fraternity organization. The history
of these silent chapters cannot be recounted by any true
Pi Phi without a feeling of regret and sympathy. Sev-
eral of them were so short-lived that the members failed
to grasp the feeling of fellowship and affection so dear
to the older fraternity woman, but the disappointment
that came to those others years ago are freshly felt when
reading the sad letters written at that time by members
of the disbanded chapters, recounting the heartaches and
tears when the charters were surrendered and the chap-
ters ceased to exist.
68 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
When a girl has once seen the vision of that beautiful
sister-life of true sympathy in grief; help, and comfort
in distress; protection in danger; rejoicing in triumphs;
pleasure in victory; joy in conquest sincere sympathy
and sisterly love under all circumstances the memory
of it, for all time, must make her a better woman.
"We wear our Arrows near our hearts that the
close contact may keep the connecting current intact
from the rushing, demanding, worldly forces of the
present day. Because it stands for so much that is
sacred and dear to us, we always whether at home,
or abroad; where the world may see, or where we may
be alone from the world wear our Arrow upon our
breast, and its presence gives us inspiration and
strength.
" We enjoy thoroughly only the pleasure that we
give." DUMAS.
Libbie Brook-Gaddis.
CHAPTER V
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT
THE Founders of Pi Beta Phi were wise and active
organizers. No sooner was the Mother Chapter at Mon-
mouth firmly established than Libbie Brook-Gaddis
entered Iowa Wesleyan University, and established Iowa
Alpha in 1868, and the next year, another Founder,
Nancy Lee Black- Wallace, established the chapter at Mt.
Pleasant in October; and in September, 1870, Kate F.
Preston, of Mt. Pleasant, founded the chapter at Asbury
University, in Greencastle. College education for women
was an experiment in the educational world. There
was no precedent for I. C. to follow among the women's
college societies. I. C. Sorosis was the first national
secret college society of women, or sorority, to be
modelled after the men's Greek-lettered fraternity. By
the nature of conditions at the time, the growth of any
woman's fraternity, "to be equal in every respect to
the strongest man 's fraternity, ' ' and confined exclusively
to college students, would necessarily be slow and full
of discouragements. On the other hand, women who
were graduates from good boarding-schools and semi-
naries and schools of the rank of our present-day high
schools, were begging to be given the privilege of the
new secret society organization. If numbers could have
71
72 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
appealed to our Founders, the rolls of I. C. Sorosis might
have been filled with enthusiastic members, but from the
very first meeting at Monmouth it was their avowed
purpose to confine the membership to college and uni-
versity women. The first Convention, at Oquawka, in
1868, gave much thought and earnest discussion to this
subject, with the result that it was voted that all appli-
cations for charters from high schools and boarding-
schools should be refused. Our Founders were deter-
mined that their Sorosis should compare favorably with
any man's fraternity. Emma Brownlee-Kilgore, descri-
bing the Oquawka Convention, in the Historian's
archives, says : " Well laid plans were made of how
we would extend the I. C. reputation of being the first
woman's secret society; how we would enter other col-
leges ; no high schools were to be considered ; and we also
unanimously decided that no college fraternity among
the young men should be better, wiser, or stronger than
ours."
Our records show that in 1869 a charter was granted
to Mt. Pleasant Female Seminary; in 1870 to the Bap-
tist Young Ladies' Seminary, in Indianapolis, and in
1881 to the Dearborn Seminary, in Chicago, and also to
the Jacksonville Female Seminary, in Jacksonville, Illi-
nois. In each of these cases the charters were granted
through the enthusiastic influence of initiated I. C.
women who were personally interested in the institutions.
These charters were short-lived.
In 1881, however, with the chartering of Nu Chapter
of I. C., composed entirely of young ladies of the town
of Clarinda, Iowa, mostly school teachers and promi-
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 73
nent women of literary tastes, a precedent was estab-
lished in the Sorosis, which was quickly followed through
the state of Iowa. Omicron Chapter was chartered at
Burlington, in 1881 ; Beta Omega at Fairfield, in 1882 ;
Zeta Omega (Iowa Theta) at Ottumwa, in 1884. These
chapters were styled associate chapters and were com-
posed of women of high intellectual and social standing,
and consequently added strength, collectively and in-
dividually, to the organization. Many were graduates
of universities and colleges of good standing, but where
no secret societies existed.
While these charters were granted by the proper
officials of the Fraternity and were properly issued,
there was no constitutional provision for them, and it
was in violation of the fundamental idea of our
Founders.
Kappa Alpha Theta and Kappa Kappa Gama, our two
strongest rivals at that time, were initiating preparatory
students, and the men 's fraternities maintained associate
chapters. Our enthusiastic officials, through too liberal
interpretation, and fired with over zeal, made the false
step which caused much feeling and long hours of dis-
cussions in Conventions which followed, until the Con-
vention of November, 1885, at Lawrence, Kansas, when
by a vote of the Convention, all chapters not connected
with an accredited institution of learning or not coming
up to the college standard were withdrawn from active
life. This devotion to the high ideals, greatest good and
best interests of the Fraternity, was forcibly exemplified
at this time, when members voted themselves l ' inactive ' '
and went home to grieve over their loss of active life
74 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
in the Fraternity. This ruling closed the active lives of
nine chapters of Pi Beta Phi Fraternity, but it put us
on the high plane held up to us as a standard by our
wise Founders and the strong, progressive women of the
organization.
Since 1885, we have vigorously maintained this high
standard among our sister fraternities. We have worked
unflaggingly for our avowed ideals, and for stronger
womanhood and advancement all along the lines of
human progress. We have aimed to make Pi Beta Phi a
synonym for honor, virtue and sterling worth. With
the above short-lived exceptions, we have worked to make
our organization what our Founders wished, " equal, in
every respect, to the strongest men's f raternity. ' '
MONMOUTH, which was ALPHA CHAPTER, and later
Illinois Alpha, our Mother Chapter, claimed and held
the final decision in all matters pertaining to the Fra-
ternity from 1867 until 1880. The legislative body
consisted of a delegate from each chapter. The names
first applied to the Grand Officers were Right Royal
Lady (president), Sub Royal Lady (vice-president),
Quaestor (treasurer), and Scribe (secretary). Monmouth
College furnished all the officers of Grand Alphas, or
conventions, in 1868, 1870, 1872 and 1881. All matters
of Fraternity discipline and government were held sub-
ject to her decision, which was final.
The names ALPHA GRAND and GRAND ALPHA should
not be confused. GRAND ALPHA was the name given to
the general conventions until 1895, while ALPHA GRAND
was the name of the chapter which held supreme power
during the interim of Grand Alphas, or conventions. In
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 75
August, 1895, it was voted that the term Grand Alpha
be dropped, and that of Convention be substituted.
In 1870, we had three active chapters when the Con-
vention at Mt. Pleasant was called, and the first dis-
cussion entered the ranks of I. C. Sorosis as to broaden-
ing the methods of government. The conditions at
Monmouth were rapidly changing; the anti-fraternity
spirit had developed into an anti-fraternity war, among
students and Faculty alike. This Convention adjourned,
however, without making a change in the mode of govern-
ment.
Heretofore, the convention officers of president and
secretary elected at the time of meeting for duty at that
session, had been chosen from Alpha Grand (Monmouth),
but in 1878, at the Indianola Convention, conditions had
reached such a stage at Monmouth, that a change in
government seemed inevitable, and the officers were
elected from Iowa Beta, at Simpson College. This action
paved the way for later legislation.
Two years later, in 1880, at a second Mt. Pleasant
Convention, Monmouth, refusing to acknowledge the
right of any other body to call a convention, owing to her
keen opposition to surrendering her claimed inherent
right to supreme authority, (though there was nothing
in the Constitution to that effect), failed to send a dele-
gate to represent her in convention. At this time, the
Convention formally voted to transfer the right to
supreme power, assumed by Monmouth since the birth
of the Fraternity, * ' to the strongest and most prosperous
chapter," which, by a vote of the delegates, was given to
LAMBDA CHAPTER, at Simpson College, and each chapter
76 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
was given three delegates in convention, instead of one as
heretofore.
The names applied to the officers were changed at this
Convention to Illustra Regina, Regina Secunda, Treas-
urer, Scribe, Censor and Corresponding Scribe. These
names applied to the chapter officers as well as to the
convention officers.
This Mt. Pleasant Convention of 1880 marked a crisis
in the early history of the life of I. C. Sorosis. The
business of the Convention was conducted with great
deliberation, seriousness and regret. It acknowledged
the waning strength of the Mother Chapter that gave
us life and existence.
Two years later, however, in 1882, after many efforts
made with the hope that the united support of all the
I. C. chapters, rallying to the Mother Chapter's dying
effort, might bring about better feeling and peaceable
adjustment and finally win a victory over the anti-
fraternity enemy, supreme authority was returned to
Monmouth, and the loyal support of all her members
gave her renewed courage to battle for her life. But the
opposition had grown too strong; the last two years of
her life were years of bitter struggle and disappointment,
and the final action came in 1884, when by a vote of the
Monmouth College authorities, all fraternities and secret
societies were forbidden, and the I. C. members scattered
to the four winds.
The Mt. Pleasant Chapter, at Iowa Wesleyan Uni-
versity, now Iowa Alpha, succeeded the Mother Chapter
in holding the reins of supreme power, and was GRAND
ALPHA until January, 1885.
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 77
The principal mission of each Convention, outside of
routine business of all conventions, had been confined
to receiving chapter reports and making plans for exten-
sion of chapters and minor reforms. Nothing of great
or special importance had been enacted.
In November, 1884, at the Convention held at Iowa
City, the election of general officers resulted in making
Nell Custer-Swisher, of Iowa City, Grand President,
Emma Livingston-Wing, of Galesburg, Grand Secretary,
and Clara Poehler-Smithmeyer, Grand Treasurer, and
these names stand out prominently in our Fraternity's
history at this time for zeal, wisdom and devotion to the
interests of I. C. Sorosis.
At this Convention at Iowa City, in 1884, the " Plans
for Organization " presented by Cora Panabaker, of
Iowa Alpha, at the Mt. Pleasant Convention in 1882, were
adopted. In addition to the general organization, with
Grand Alpha at the head, there were wise and radical
changes. Provisions were made for placing the govern-
ing power, during the interim of conventions or Grand
Alphas, in the hands of a council of grand officers, to be
selected by convention delegates from the different chap-
ters; also provisions were made for state organizations,
having at the head of each organization one chapter, to
be called Alpha Secunda of that state. Alpha Secunda
was given power to grant charters and to call state
conventions within its own state. The General Conven-
tion, or Grand Alpha, decided which chapter should be
Alpha Secunda. Only Alpha Grand had power to call
conventions (Grand Alphas). It was the duty of Alpha
Grand to keep a register of all members, to issue a
78 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
catalogue, when practicable, to manage the finances of
the Fraternity, and it was given authority to publish a
Fraternity magazine in the interest of all the Fraternity.
These changes went into effect on January 1, 1885. This
Convention of 1884 elected the first grand officers to
serve during the interim of conventions, and these officers
were elected from the different chapters, and not confined
to Alpha Grand or any one chapter as heretofore. These
officers consisted of Grand Illustra Regina (G. I. R.),
Grand Illustra Secunda (G. I. S.), Grand Quaestor and
Grand Scribe.
The government was now vested in a biennial con-
vention, composed of one delegate from each active chap-
ter, and during the interim of conventions, in a Grand
Council, as at the present time.
These changes marked a long stride toward placing
the organization on a sounder and more logical working
basis. The whole Fraternity pulled together as one and
the enthusiastic records of those days show the wonderful
spirit of union and sympathy, of charming sisterly love
and devotion to each other and the ideals and interests
of I. C.
It seemed wise and necessary to hold another con-
vention the following year, and again the Fraternity
showed herself far beyond the experimental age of ex-
istence. This Convention was held in Lawrence, Kansas,
in November, 1885, and marks the greatest event in the
I. C. Sorosis. At this Convention, it was voted " that no
chapter shall exist unless situated in a university or
college. " At this Convention also, our Greek motto, Pi
Beta Phi, in the Greek lettering, was voted put on the
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 79
Arrow, our badge. The Convention was a short one, and
all other business was overshadowed by the importance
of these two acts of legislation.
In 1886 was held the regular biennial convention at
Indianola, Iowa. These were days of great activity, un-
feigned loyalty and devotion for our Fraternity. In
fact, all fraternities were mustering their forces to fight
for their existence, for a sentiment against secret orders
swept the country, and especially the institutions of
learning.
It is impossible to recount the happenings of this
critical time without mentioning the untiring efforts of
such strong characters as Mrs. Rainie Adamson-Small, of
Illinois Beta, (Lombard), Grand President from 1885
to 1890, Elva Plank, of Iowa Epsilon, Bloomfield,
Grand Vice-President, and Mrs. Belle ReQua-Leech, of
Mt. Pleasant, the indefatigable Grand Secretary. Their
labors at a critical time in the life of the Fraternity
should never be forgotten, and their example should be
an inspiration for the younger women to emulate.
For a number of years the changing of the name
of I. C. Sorosis to the Greek Pi Beta Phi Fraternity
had been under discussion in conventions, but not until
the Ottumwa Convention in October, 1888, was the senti-
ment in favor of this change strong enough to carry the
question. ' ' Whatever may have been the theories of our
Founders in regard to the Greek feature of our sister-
hood, there had come to be a very strong conviction
in the minds of the majority of the members pres-
ent that it should no longer be sub rose." By a mo-
tion made by Mira Troth, of Iowa Kappa, Iowa City,
80 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and seconded by Minnie K. Newby-Rieketts, of Michigan
Beta, and a unanimous vote of the Convention, the old
I. C. Sorosis, dear to the hearts of hundreds of loyal and
devoted followers, stepped into the Greek world as Pi
Beta Phi, but under the same badge, the Arrow, the
same Constitution, the same motto, and the same ritual
and workings. The Greek IIB<I> had exchanged places
with the Latin I. C., taking its place upon our pin, while
I. C. had become the symbol for our secret motto. ' ' The
vote to change the name from I. C. to Pi Beta Phi was
the result of years of agitation, so tenaciously did some
of the older members cling to the original name, feeling
that with the name went some of the dearest memo-
ries."
" In accordance with a decision of this Convention of
1888, Pi Beta Phi Fraternity was incorporated as a
national organization by an act of the Legislature of the
State of Illinois, passed October 14, 1889," giving us a
legal status not previously enjoyed.
When Grand Alpha, or the General Convention, was
called to order in April, 1890, at Galesburg, Illinois,
nineteen chapters were on the rolls of Pi Beta Phi Fra-
ternity, representing chapters in nine states, and with
the establishment of Vermont Alpha, in December, 1893,
Pi Beta Phi swayed an influence in the Pan-Hellenic
world from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from the
Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. She had become
national in fact as well as in name. To the Grand Officers
were added Guide and Historian, and the names of all
officers were changed to the familiar ones of to-day,
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 81
grand president, grand vice-president, grand secretary
and grand treasurer. The Grand Council was composed
of all the Grand Officers except Historian. A province
organization was effected, and quickly initiated valuable
work for the betterment of the national organization
and government of the Fraternity. The United States
was divided into four provinces, Alpha, Beta, Gamma
and Delta, to which were divided and assigned the
active chapters, reporting through an elected secretary.
A province president had general supervision over the
chapters within her jurisdiction or province. The legis-
lative and supreme power were vested in a biennial con-
vention. It was voted, however, " that important ques-
tions, that demand immediate decision, might receive
attention, during the interim of convention, through
the Grand Council, composed of the president, vice-
president, secretary, treasurer and guide, who were given
power to act, which acts would be ratified by the follow-
ing convention."
The Convention was composed of the Grand Council,
province presidents, one delegate from each chapter, the
Historian, the Fraternity Cataloguer, one delegate from
the Alumnge Department, such delegate to be the Arrow
editor, when possible, and such other members as the
Fraternity might decide. Pi Beta Phi had now blos-
somed into full womanhood, and the result of her
maturity was forcibly shown by the number of new
chapters which came into existence, by the material
enlargement of the Fraternity magazine, the Arrow,
with its broader thought and weightier reading matter,
and by the large number of intellectually strong women
82 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
who rose in her ranks and stood out as leaders in thought
and reform. We are proud of these women to-day, many
of whom have won international fame.
In 1892, it was found necessary to refer matters of
extension to an Extension Committee, serving from con-
vention to convention, and the following year a Literary
Bureau was established for disseminating and elucidating
important matters of the Fraternity, and representa-
tives from these committees were allowed votes in con-
vention.
In 1893, when the whole country was interested in
celebrating the anniversary of the discovery of America,
and the World 's Columbian Exposition was held in
Chicago, July 17 to 22 was designated as Fraternity
Week upon the World's Fair Calendar. Many fraterni-
ties held conventions and reunions. A second meeting
of the Woman's Pan-Hellenic Congress convened on July
20, at the Art Institute, Chicago, where Pi Beta Phi was
represented by Mrs. Gertrude Boughton-Blackwelder, of
Kansas Alpha, with a paper on " Ethics of Fraternity,"
which was widely quoted and reprinted in full by sev-
eral of the fraternity magazines. In the evening of July
20 a Pan-Hellenic reception was held in the New York
State Building. Pi Beta Phi had the largest representa-
tion at this time of any woman's fraternity, including
among those present many of her best known mem-
bers.
The one monumental result of the Convention of
1893 in Chicago was the organization of the National
Alumna? Association. This was the result of that strong-
willed, indefatigable worker and wise and far-seeing
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 83
organizer, Emma Harper Turner, and to her is due all
the praise and thanks of the Fraternity for this strong
bulwark of our national power. The Alumnae Asso-
ciation elected its own officers from 1893 until 1901,
when the Grand Vice-President became president of the
Alumnae Association, and one half -day of each general
convention was voted to be given to alumnae matters.
In 1895 the Boston Convention authorized province
reunions, or conventions, to be held in the years be-
tween general conventions, and in 1899, at the Boulder
Convention, it was voted to elect a travelling delegate
who should visit every chapter on the active list of the
Fraternity during the interim of conventions. This
delegate was to be the Grand President when possible,
but when not possible the Grand Council had power to
appoint a travelling delegate. This ruling holds good
to-day.
At this time the office of Guide was supplanted on
the Grand Council by that of Arrow Editor, and the
former became purely a convention officer, appointed by
the Grand President from the chapter nearest the next
convention site.
At the Syracuse Convention, in July, 1901, the
National Alumnaa Association became a part of the
National Fraternity organization, and the duties of the
Grand Vice-President were made to include those of
secretary of the Alumnae Association, and she was made
the head of the Alumnae Department, with a salary.
She was nominated by the alumnae at their session in the
general convention and elected by the general conven-
tion's vote. Each chapter vice-president also became
84 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
chapter secretary to the Alumnae Department and was
intrusted with definite duties.
It was at this Convention at Syracuse, in 1901, that
the name of the General Convention of Pi Beta Phi was
changed to the National Biennial Convention.
To prevent the improper use of the badge, in 1901
Pi Beta Phi made adequate provision for the purchase
of Fraternity badges, in the case of the death of her
members, when the badge is not buried with the owner,
and all Pi Phis are forbidden to sell, give or loan her
Tmdge to any person not a Pi Phi. This was augmented
in 1914 by the appointment of a Custodian of the Pin.
Annual efficiency reports, through the province presi-
dents, with annual examinations of all active members
upon the Constitution, Statutes, history, policy and on
parliamentary law, have become an important factor in
the education of our members in the responsibilities and
duties of Pi Phis, and province vice-presidents, with
jurisdiction over territory the same as the province
presidents, develop and manage the alumnae interests
.and business of its members.
At the reorganization and redistricting of the provinces
in 1912, the country was divided into six provinces, with
.six province presidents over the active chapters and six
province vice-presidents over the alumnae, and in June,
1913, to this supervision was added the Chapter Advi-
sory Committee, which is composed of five (5) members
from the nearest alumnae club, three of the members be-
ing elected by the active chapter and two by the alumnae
club, " whose duties shall be to cooperate with the
province presidents and active chapters in supervising
ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT 85
(1) scholarship, (2) house management, (3) general
social conditions and (4) Pan-Hellenic situations."
The Fraternity believes, with Florence Porter Robin-
son, that " the real strength of a fraternity is in the
strength of its individual chapters."
" The only way to have a friend is to be one.' 9
EMERSON.
CHAPTER VI
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS
FIRST GRAND ALPHA, or Convention, was held in Au-
gust, 1868, at the home of Fannie Thompson, in
Oquawka, Illinois. There are no minutes, or record of
this meeting, save the memory of the living Founders.
In the July, 1898, Arrow, Emma Brownlee (Kilgore)
has told us that " In the summer of 1868, the Mon-
mouth I. C.'s came to our house in Little York to visit
Jennie Nicol and the Brownlee sisters. From there we
went to Fannie Thompson's, at Oquawka, and were met
by Ada Bruen (Graham) and Libbie Brook (Gaddis).
We Founders have always felt that this was our first
.convention. Every member was present except Rosa
Moore (who was in New York). The Convention lasted
three days and was occupied in outlining the policy and
aims of the organization, laying plans for new chapters
.and the growth of I. C. Sorosis. It was voted to confine
membership to college women only." Emma Brownlee
(Kilgore) was elected president, Nannie Black (Wal-
lace) secretary, and Maggie Campbell treasurer. (See
Arrow, April, 1908.)
Second Grand Alpha, or Convention, was held in 1870
at Mt. Pleasant, Libbie Brook (Gaddis) presiding.
Three chapters were active and represented; namely,
Monmouth College, (2) Iowa Wesleyan University
89
90 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and (3) Mt. Pleasant Female Seminary. Constitution
amendments and extension were the principal business
transacted. As a result of this meeting the new chap-
ter at Asbury University, Greencastle, Indiana, was
organized by Kate F. Preston and chartered the follow-
ing September.
Third Grand Alpha, or Convention, Greencastle, In-
diana, in June, 1872. Louise Carrithers (Morrison), of
Monmouth, was chosen president, and Mary Sterritt,
secretary, of the Convention. Louise Carrithers was
elected Grand President and Emma Madden Grand Sec-
retary of the Sorosis. Five chapters, (1) Monmouth,
(2) Iowa Wesleyan, (3) Asbury, (4) Illinois Wes-
leyan, (5) State Institute, Bloomington, Ind., were ac-
tive, Mt. Pleasant Female Seminary and the Baptist
Young Ladies' Seminary having become inactive the
previous year through opposition to secret societies on
the part of the school authorities. Three of the five
active chapters sent delegates to this Convention. Ex-
pansion was the principal topic under discussion, and
when the question " In what grade of schools shall
chapters be established? " was put before the Conven-
tion, it was answered by the vote " to establish no chap-
ters in schools not properly called a college/*
The social side of convention included a reception with
one hundred and fifty guests, and a banquet.
Fourth Grand Alpha, or Convention, at Indianola,
Iowa, in 1878. Emma Patton (Noble), of Iowa Beta,
presided. Seven chapters were now active, (1) Mon-
mouth, (2) Iowa "Wesleyan University, (3) State Insti-
tute, Bloomington, (4) Lombard, (5) Kansas Univer-
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 91
sity, (6) Simpson and (7) Iowa Agricultural College,
but owing to a misunderstanding, only three chapters
(Monmouth, Mt. Pleasant and Simpson) were repre-
sented, which failed to make a quorum, and while im-
portant legislation was discussed and changes in the
Constitution recommended, no permanent benefit was
derived from the Convention. A reception and banquet,
at which Emma Patton was toastmistress, attended by
over a hundred guests, was one of the social features of
the Convention.
Fifth Grand Alpha, or Convention, was held at Mt.
Pleasant, Iowa, on October 27, 28 and 29, 1880. Lillie
Cooper (Weber), of Monmouth, was chosen presiding
officer, and lola Hoover (Loftin) and Laura Light
(Vance), both of Monmouth, were chosen secretaries,
Miss Hoover acting as secretary at the opening session
only. The following represented their chapters:
Elma Williams, from Lombard, Mary Dashiell (Spauld-
ing), from Simpson; Sophie Timmerman, from Iowa
Wesleyan, Mary McDonald (Kappa), from Ames; and
Belle ReQua-Leech, of Mt. Pleasant, in place of Florence
Andrews-Palm, who was unavoidably absent. Mon-
mouth and Kansas State University were not repre-
sented; the latter sent greetings and regrets. The
greater part of this session was given to Constitution re-
vision. A complete and careful revision, as worked out
at the Indianola Convention and added to at this meet-
ing, was adopted at the last session. The Lombard
Chapter was directed ' ' to work up an interest in regard
to an I. C. catalogue. " The names of the general of-
ficers were changed to Illustra Regina, Regina Secunda,
92 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
scribe, treasurer, censors and corresponding scribes.
The waning power and strength of Monmouth, the
Mother Chapter, was shown in the Convention by her
failure to have a delegate present, and the legislation
" that we transfer the power of Alpha Chapter to some
other chapter, more prosperous, and therefore more fit-
ting to perform those duties. ' ' The vote stood :
Simpson 7, Mt. Pleasant 3, Lombard 2, and Lambda
Chapter, at Simpson College, Indianola, was declared
Alpha Grand, or the ruling chapter, with final decision
in Fraternity matters. It was voted to give all active
chapters in good standing three delegates each with a
vote in convention.
Sixth Grand Alpha, or Convention, was held in the
lecture-room of the First M. E. Church, Burlington,
Iowa, October 11, 12 and 13, 1882. Nine chapters were
represented by delegates and one chapter by a proxy.
The chapters were represented by the following: (1)
Burlington, Iowa, by Minnie Burt, (2) Iowa City by
Ella Ham (Robinson), (3) Monmouth by Jessie Buck-
ner, (4) Mt. Pleasant by Flora Housel (McDowell),
(5) Lawrence by Jennie Sutliff, (6) Indianola by Anna
Emerson, (7) Ames by Sarah Smithe (McDonald), (8)
Galesburg, Lombard, Izah Parker, (9) Chicago, Allie
Silke, and (10) Jacksonville, 111., Jessie Buckner
(proxy). Clara McCann (Ewing), the delegate of
Bloomfield, Iowa, was absent, and the chapter was rep-
resented by Alice Johnson. Cora Panabaker, of Mt.
Pleasant, was chosen president, and Celia Hefter, of the
Chicago Chapter, recording secretary of the Convention.
Alpha Secundas, or state conventions, were authorized,
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 93
with power to grant charters within the state. A com-
mittee composed of Izah Parker, Galesburg, Flora
Housel, Mt. Pleasant, Jessie Buckner, Monmouth, and
Sarah Smithe, Ames, were appointed to revise the form
of initiation. Voted, " that the Constitution shall be
read at each initiation; " that the secret meaning of
I. C. " shall never be written or spoken aloud; " voted,
that general conventions be ' ' once in two years ; ' ' that
" we adopt dregs of wine and light blue " as the Fra-
ternity 's colors ; ' ' that the power of obtaining and dis-
tributing pins be vested in Gamma Chapter at Mt.
Pleasant.'* At the first session a " Plan for Organiza-
tion " was presented by Cora Panabaker, of Mt. Pleas-
ant, which was taken up article by article and voted
upon, and final decision upon the whole left for the next
Convention. Voted, that Alpha Chapter (Monmouth)
be Grand Alpha Chapter; that Lombard be Alpha Se-
cunda of Illinois, Lawrence Chapter, of Kansas, Mt.
Pleasant Chapter, of Iowa. Greek Motto " Pi Beta
Phi " adopted.
Seventh Grand Alpha, or Convention, was held in the
parlors of the First M. E. Church, Iowa City, Iowa, on
November 19, 20 and 21, 1884. Nell Custer (Swisher),
of Iowa City, was elected presiding officer, and Elva
Plank, of Bloomfield, secretary. The following were
the delegates representing their chapters in this Con-
vention: Mary Dillon (Miller) and Jean Oliver
(Humphrey), (1) Lawrence; Emma Livingston
(Wing) and Jennie Conger, (2) Lombard; Kay Spen-
cer, (3) Burlington; Mary Hooker (Doust), (4)
Carthage; Martha Greenleaf (MacNab) and Elva
94 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Plank, (5) Bloomfield; Emma White (Shellenberger),
Libbie Evans (Cravens) and Estella Walter-Ball, (6)
Iowa City; Flora Slusser and Anna McLaughlin (Bux-
ton), (7) Indianola; Anna Saunders (McArthur), (8)
Mt. Pleasant, and Addie Rice (Hainer), (9) Ames.
Revised Constitution was accepted, to go into effect
January 1, 1885; general officers elected at Convention
to serve during interim of conventions, Alpha Chapter,
or Alpha Grand, having ceased to exist as a result of
Faculty ruling at Monmouth; Lawrence requested and
was granted a charter for Wesleyan College, Cincin-
nati, Ohio; committee appointed to publish quarterly
Fraternity magazine ; arrangements made for a conven-
tion fund whereby delegates might be present from all
chapters; " the system of government was changed,
the power hereafter being in the hands of a council of
Grand Officers " elected by the delegates at Convention
from different chapters. The first election of these of-
ficers resulted in making Nell Custer (S wisher), Iowa
Zeta, Grand Illustra Regina, Emma Livingston (Wing),
Illinois Beta, Grand Scribe, Jean Oliver (Humphrey),
Kansas Alpha, Grand Quaestor. (See Arrow, May,
1885.)
Eighth Grand Alpha met in the rooms of the Art
League, Lawrence, Kansas, on November 25, 26 and 27,
1885. In the absence of G. I. R. Nell Custer, Eiva
Plank, of Bloomfield, was elected to the chair. Roll
call showed the following: (1) Indianola, Ethel Law
(Turney) ; (2) Lawrence (alumnae), Caroline Beau-
man-Spangler ; (3) Lawrence K. S. U., Sue Miles (Kin-
sey) ; (4) Iowa City Alumnae, Mira Troth; (5) Iowa
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 95
City, I. S. U., Lillian Lewis; (6) Ottumwa (associate),
Lizzie Flagler; (7) Carthage, Julia Ferris (Hubbs) ;
(8) Denver, Mary Carpenter (Sadtler) ; (9) Mt.
Pleasant, Lulu Ambler (Officer) ; (10) Mt. Pleasant
(alumnae), Jo Gassner (Gardner) ; (11) Fairfield,
Mrs. W. C. Ball; (12) Bloomfield, Florence Hill (Fire-
stone) ; (13) Galesburg, Lombard, Rainie Adamson
(Small) ; (14) Knox, Carrie McMurtrie (Conyers) ;
(15) Burlington, Cora Widick (Lang) ; (16) York,
Vinnie Harrison (Cowell). Voted, " that no chapter
shall exist unless situated in a university or college; "
" that after next year conventions shall be called only
once in two years; " " that the Greek motto Pi Beta
Phi be put on the title page of the Arrow." The elec-
tion of grand officers resulted as follows: G. I. R.,
Rainie Adamson (Small), of Lombard University; G.
R. S., Elva Plank, of Bloomfield, Iowa; G. S., Belle
ReQua-Leech, of Mt. Pleasant; G. Q., Julia Ferris
(Hubbs), of Carthage.
About seventy-five I. C.'s were present at this Con-
vention, and the social activities included invitations
from Beta Theta Pi, also Phi Psi, a "cookie shine/' and
serenades. (See Arrow, February, 1886.)
Ninth Grand Alpha was held in the Delta Tau Delta
Hall, at Indianola, Iowa, October 19, 20 and 21, 1886,
G. I. R. Rainie Adamson-Small presiding. Present, the
following delegates: (1) Kansas State University,
Clara Poehler (Smithmyer) ; (2) Iowa Wesleyan Uni-
versity, Flora Housal (McDowell) ; (3) Lawrence Alum-
nae, Laura Lyon; (4) Simpson, Leota Kennedy; (5)
Ames, Olive Wilson (Curtiss) ; (6) Iowa City Alumnae,
96 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Belle Hudson (Cartwright) ; (7) Bloomfield, Fannie
Thompson (Wickham) ; (8) Lombard, Ella Grubb
(Simmons) ; (9) Knox, Maude Smith (Boydstun) ;
(10) Boulder, Carrie Dorr (Elliott) ; (11) Iowa City,
Minnie Ely (Farr) ; (12) York, Mrs. Helen Harrison;
(13) Ottumwa, Mrs. Lizzie Warden; (14) Des Moines,
Mrs. Martha Wilson. Voted, " that we adopt Roberts'
Rules of Order; " " the Arrow representative be al-
lowed the same privileges and rights as the other dele-
gates; " " to name chapters by the letters of the Greek
alphabet and by states, as Iowa Alpha, Iowa Beta,
etc. ; ' ' 1 1 that we do not organize any more alumnae
chapters; " " that all alumnae (and associate) chapters
founded before October 20, 1886, shall be allowed to
exist, but that they confine themselves, when taking new
members, to graduates of colleges and high schools; "
" that the subscription of the Arrow be limited to one
dollar; " li that power of granting charters be vested
in the three grand officers, G. I. R., G. R. S. and G. S."
Election of officers resulted in making : G. I. R.,
Rainie Adamson-Small, of Lombard College; G. R. S.,
Elva Plank, of Bloomfield; G. S., Belle ReQua-Leech,
of Mt. Pleasant; G. Q., Lizzie Flagler, of Ottumwa.
Greetings were received from Kappa Kappa Gamma,
from Phi Delta Theta, in general convention in New
York, flowers from Phi Kappa Psi, "an elegant recep-
tion at the home of Miss Ethel Law," and a banquet at
the home of Anna McLaughlin. (See Arrow, December,
1886.)
Tenth Grand Alpha met in the Ottumwa Chapter Hall,
Ottumwa, Iowa, October 16, 17 and 18, 1888, G. I. R.
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 97
Kainie Adamson-Small presiding. The following nine-
teen chapters were represented : Illinois Beta at Lom-
bard, Illinois Delta at Knox, Iowa Alpha at Iowa Wes-
leyan University, Iowa Beta at Simpson, Iowa Gamma
at Ames, Iowa Delta at Burlington, Iowa Epsilon at
Bloomfield, Iowa Zeta at Iowa State University, Iowa
Eta at Fairfield, Iowa Theta at Ottumwa, Iowa Iota at
Mt. Pleasant, Iowa Kappa at Iowa City, Kansas Alpha
at Lawrence, Colorado Alpha at Boulder, Colorado Beta
at Denver, Michigan Alpha at Hillsdale College, Michi-
gan Beta at Ann Arbor, Indiana Alpha at Franklin, and
Nebraska Alpha at York. Voted, " that the name of
this organization be changed, and that the organization
be hereafter known as Pi Beta Phi ; " " that the letters
I. C. hereafter stand for our present motto; " " that Pi
Beta Phi take the place of I. C. on our pin ; " " that our
present G. R. S.,Emma Harper Turner and Sude Weaver
(Evans) act as a committee of three to incorporate our
Pi Beta Phi as a national organization." After a two-
session committee-of-the-whole discussion of the Consti-
tution, upon vote, a committee of three (Indiana Alpha,
Iowa Alpha and Iowa Zeta) was appointed to incorpor-
ate the revisions and amendments of the Constitution as
recommended during the interim of convention, and re-
port at the next regular convention. The election of offi-
cers resulted as follows : G. I. R., Rainie Adamson-
Small, Illinois Beta; G. R. S., Emma Harper Turner,
Indiana Alpha; G. S., Lizzie Flagler, Iowa Theta; G.
Q., Elva Plank, of Bloomfield. This Convention ad-
journed at 2 o'clock A. M. It stands on record as being
the most spirited convention in the history of the Fra-
98 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ternity, and the harmonious way in which most matters
were settled was due to the business ability and untiring
zeal of Grand President Rainie Small, which was re-
flected in the enthusiasm of every delegate.
A grand ball in Armory Hall, attended by ninety Pi
Phis and an equal number of guests, ended the festivi-
ties of the Tenth Grand Alpha. (See Arrow, December,
1888.)
Eleventh Grand Alpha was held in the Phi Gamma
Delta Hall, Galesburg, Illinois, on April 1, 2, 3 and 4,
1890. In the absence of G. I. R. Mrs. Small, the G. R. S.
Emma Harper Turner presided. Reports were received
from (1) Iowa Alpha, (2) Illinois Beta, (3) Kansas
Alpha, (4) Iowa Beta, (5) Iowa Gamma, (6) Iowa
Epsilon (Bloomfield), (7) Iowa Zeta, (8) Iowa Kappa
(Iowa City Alumnae), (9) Colorado Alpha, (10) Iowa
Theta (Ottumwa), (11) Illinois Delta, (12) Iowa Iota
(Mt. Pleasant Alumnae), (13) Nebraska Alpha (York),
(14) Colorado Beta, (15) Michigan Alpha, (16) Indiana
Alpha, (17) Michigan Beta, (18) Columbia Alpha, (19)
Ohio Alpha fourteen active and five alumnae and as-
sociate chapters. The Constitution, as perfected during
the interim of conventions by Indiana Alpha, Iowa
Alpha and Iowa Zeta, was adopted and ordered printed.
It included a new initiation ceremony, a new ritual and
a province organization. The carnation was adopted as
the Fraternity flower, Pallas Athenae as the Fraternity
goddess, and the present Pi Phi whistle. Election of
Grand Officers resulted in making Emma Harper Turner,
Grand President; Minnie H. Newby (Ricketts), Grand
Vice-President ; Sude Weaver (Evans), of Bloomfield,
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 99
Grand Secretary; Georgiana Rowland, of Colorado
Alpha, Grand Treasurer; Mrs. R. A. Small, Grand His-
torian; and Helen Sutliff, of Kansas Alpha, Guide.
Upon the recommendation of the committee on province
organization the following were elected : Alpha Prov-
ince, Franc Arnold (Chaddock) , of Michigan Beta ; Beta
Province, Lizzie Wigle (Anderson), of Illinois Beta;
Gamma Province, Zoe Williams (Seevers), of Iowa Zeta;
Delta Province, Ida Winne-Ballantine, of Colorado Beta.
The social activities included an informal reception to
delegates ; literary exercises in the Presbyterian Church,
at which Mrs. Carrie Chapman-Catt delivered an ad-
dress upon " The New Revolution; " a banquet for
eighty-five, followed by dancing; a " cookie shine ;" a
reception by Phi Delta Thetas ; reception by Beta Theta
Pi and Pi Gamma Phis; and a farewell reception by
Illinois Beta and Illinois Delta in Odd Fellows Hall, at
which over seven hundred were present. (See Arrow,
June, 1890.)
Twelfth Grand Alpha convened in the Phi Delta
Theta Hall, at Lawrence, Kansas, on March 29, 30 and
31, 1892, Grand President Emma Harper Turner pre-
siding. Twenty of the twenty-one active chapters rep-
resented. Louisiana Alpha was not represented because
of her inability to find a chaperone who would take the
long trip. In the absence of Sude Weaver, Grand Secre-
tary, Minnie Newby (Ricketts) was appointed secretary
of the Convention. Publication of Arrow went to Michi-
gan Beta. Reports of the first Province Presidents
' ' showed the chapters to be in splendid condition and a
beginning made toward systematic province supervision."
100 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
The following working committees were appointed :
(1) on Constitution, (2) on Catalogue, (3) on Alumnae,
(4) Arrow, (5) auditing treasurer's report, (16) audit-
ing Arrow report, (7) printing, (8) resolutions, (9)
chapter houses, (10) literary bureau, (11) miscellane-
ous. A general Alumnae Secretary authorized to have
supervision of alumnae work. Voted, that " the 28th of
April shall be known as Alumnae Day and shall cele-
brate the founding of Pi Beta Phi." The Fraternity
yell, "Ring ching ching, ho hippi hi, ra ro Arrow, Pi
Beta Phi," adopted. Voted, that Fraternity take the
place of Sorosis in name. Election of officers resulted
in making Emma Harper Turner, Grand President;
Mira Troth, Iowa Kappa, Grand Vice-President ; Minnie
Newby (Ricketts), Michigan Beta, Grand Secretary;
Helen Sutliff, of Kansas Alpha, Grand Treasurer ; Fran-
ces E. Flagler, Iowa Theta, Grand Guide ; May Copeland
(Reynolds-Drybread), Michigan Alpha, Grand Histo-
rian ; Mrs. H. Knapp, Iowa Gamma, Alumnae Secretary ;
Corinne Super (Stine), Ohio Alpha, Catalogue Sec-
retary ; Province Presidents : Alpha, Franc Arnold
(Chaddock), of Michigan Beta; Beta, Grace E. Harsh,
of Illinois Beta; Gamma, Fannie Rutherford (Stanton),
of Minnesota Alpha; Delta, Emma Sternberg, of Col-
orado Alpha. The organization of an alumnae associa-
tion was first discussed in convention. The social func-
tions of convention included an informal reception by
Kansas Alpha the first day, banquet at Weidmann's the
second day, a formal reception and dance by Kansas
Alpha the third day, and a reception and banquet, at
which one hundred and thirty guests were present, the
last day. (See Arrow, March, 1892.)
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 101
Thirteenth Grand Alpha met in the Isabella Club, Chi-
cago, Illinois, July 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, 1893, Emma
Harper Turner, Grand President, presiding. Nineteen
delegates present, Iowa Zeta and Iowa Kappa not rep-
resented by delegate, but reports read ; total active chap-
ters, twenty-one. Committees reported new printed
Constitutions, Song Books, and initiation rituals.
Adopted ritual for Alumnae Clubs. Ratified formation
of the National Alumnae Association of Pi Beta Phi,
with the following officers: President, Emma Harper
Turner, of Columbia Alpha; Vice-President, Mrs.
Laurie Light- Vance, of Iowa Alpha; Treasurer, Ona H.
Payne (Newsom), of Indiana Alpha; Secretary, Effie
June Scott (Franklin), of Kansas Alpha; Guide, Dr.
Phoebe R. Norris, of Columbia Alpha ; Historian, Minnie
H. Newby (Ricketts) of Michigan Beta. Provinces were
redistricted with a view to holding province conventions.
The following Grand Officers were elected : Grand
President, Helen B. Sutliff, Kansas Alpha ; Grand Vice-
President, Corinne Super-Stine, Ohio Alpha ; Grand Sec-
retary, Grace Lass (Sisson), Illinois Delta; Grand
Treasurer, Lucinda Smith (Buchan), of Kansas Alpha;
Grand Historian, Olive McHenry, Iowa Alpha; Grand
Guide, Edna A. Clark, Columbia Alpha ; Province Presi-
dents : Alpha, Anna Hazelton, Columbia Alpha ; Beta,
Louise Hulbert (Wyant), of Michigan Beta; Gamma,
Minnie Roberts, of Iowa Gamma ; Delta, Elizabeth Gam-
ble, of Colorado Alpha; Catalogue Secretary, Mary
Clarke Bancker, of Michigan Beta. First informal re-
ception in parlors of Isabella Hotel; Second Pan-Hel-
lenic Congress held July 20, at Art Institute; Pi Beta
Phi was associated with Kappa Alpha Theta, Delta
102 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta and Delta Delta Delta in a
Fraternity Booth in Woman 's Building. ' ' A convention
notable for its reunions." (See Arrow, July, 1893.)
Fourteenth Convention was held in the Y. W. C. A.
Hall, 68 Warrenton Ave., Boston, Mass., on August 27,
28 and 29, 1895, the Grand President, Helen Sutliff,
presiding. Delegates were present from twenty-four
chapters ; one chapter, Callanan College, not represented
by delegate. Voted, ' ' that the name Convention be used
instead of Grand Alpha; " " that chapters be required
to preserve an Arrow file; " " that the Grand Viee-
President be keeper of the permanent roll of the Fra-
ternity, and that chapter vice-presidents act in the same
capacity for chapters ; " " that initiation fee be $5.00 and
annual tax be $5.00, which will include cost of the Arrow,
and will be paid by Grand Treasurer. ' ' Province redis-
tricting, as voted by last Convention, showed, in Alpha
Province, Vermont Alpha, Columbia Alpha, Pennsyl-
vania Alpha, Pennsylvania Beta, Ohio Alpha, and Ohio
Beta; in Beta Province, Illinois Beta, Illinois Delta, Il-
linois Epsilon, Indiana Alpha, Indiana Beta, Michigan
Alpha and Michigan Beta; in Gamma Province, Iowa
Alpha, Iowa Beta, Iowa Zeta, Iowa Lambda, Minnesota
Alpha and Wisconsin Alpha; in Delta Province, Loui-
siana Alpha, Kansas Alpha, Nebraska Beta, Colorado
Alpha, Colorado Beta and California Alpha. Election
of officers resulted in making Grand President, Grace
Lass (Sisson), Illinois Delta; Grand Vice-President,
Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado Alpha; Grand Secretary,
Florence P. Chase (Cass), of Michigan Alpha; Grand
Treasurer, Lucinda Smith (Buchan), of Kansas Alpha;
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 103
Guide, Edith Ingersoll, Colorado Beta (these officers
composed the Grand Council) ; Grand Historian, Susan
Lewis, of Michigan Beta ; Province Presidents : Alpha,
Anna Hazelton, Columbia Alpha; Beta, Loretta Hood
(Young), Illinois Delta; Gamma, Gertrude Clark-Sober,
Wisconsin Alpha; Delta, Jeannette Bennett-Dunham,
Colorado Alpha. The social side of this Convention in-
cluded an informal reception the first day, a model initia-
tion, followed by a " cookie shine," a banquet and dance,
and several informal gatherings. (See Arrow, October,
1895.)
Fifteenth Biennial Convention was held in the Library
Hall of the University of Winconsin, July 6, 7, 8, 9 and
10, 1897, Grand President Grace Lass-Sisson presiding.
Twenty-six chapter delegates, all the members of the
Grand Council, Arrow Editor, Chairman Literary
Bureau, President of the Alumnae Association, and
forty-eight guests were present. One chapter only
Louisiana Alpha was not represented. Founder
Emma Brownlee-Kilgore, in behalf of the Monmouth
alumnae, presented Convention with a silver-mounted
gavel. Upon the recommendation of the Historian, each
chapter was assigned a historical topic for study, re-
search and report. Voted, " that the Grand President
shall issue an annual message ; " ' ' that annual examina-
tions shall be taken by every active member of the
Fraternity the first week in March ; ' ' that ' * unanimous
consent of chapters in a province is necessary to grant
a charter;" that " honorary membership " be abolished.
Election of officers as follows: Grand President,
Grace Lass-Sisson, Illinois Delta ; Grand Vice-President,
104 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Grace Grosvenor (Shepard), Ohio Alpha; Grand Secre-
tary, Ethel B. Allen (Hamilton), Kansas Alpha; Grand
Treasurer, Lucinda Smith (Buchan), of Kansas Alpha;
Grand Guide, Charlotte Allen-Farnsworth, Colorado Al-
pha ; Historian, Susan Lewis ; Province Presidents :
Alpha, Mary Bartol (Theiss), of Pennsylvania Beta;
Beta, Ona H. Payne (Newsom), Indiana Alpha; Gamma,
Elizabeth Smith, Colorado Alpha ; Delta, Louise Foucar
(Marshall), of Colorado Beta. Social activities included
an informal reception, model initiation, large informal
reception and a banquet. (See Arrow, July, 1897.}
Sixteenth Biennial Convention was held in the Chau-
tauqua Auditorium, Boulder, Colorado, on August 29,
30, 31 and September 1, 1899, with Grace Lass-Sisson,
Grand President, presiding. Delegates from twenty-nine
chapters were present, and five Grand Officers. During
the interim of convention Amelia D. Alpiner (Stern), of
Illinois Zeta, had succeeded Ethel Allen as Grand Sec-
retary, and Ida Greeley Smith her sister Lucinda Smith-
Buchan as Treasurer. Voted, " that Arrow Editor be
made part of Grand Council " in place of the Grand
Guide, who will hereafter be appointed by the Grand
President ; ' ' to pay a salary to the Grand President, to
the Grand Secretary and to the Grand Treasurer; " to
have ' ' a travelling delegate, Grand President, if possible,
whose duty it shall be to visit all chapters during in-
terim of convention; " membership confined to active
and alumnae no honorary members ; Constitution re-
vised and ordered printed; Treasurer's bond raised to
$2,000. Election of officers as follows : Grand Presi-
dent, Elsie Bradford (Johnson), Columbia Alpha;
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 105
Grand Vice-President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado
Alpha; Grand Secretary, Mary Bartol (Theiss), Penn-
sylvania Beta; Grand Treasurer, Ida Greeley Smith
(Griffith), Kansas Alpha; Arrow Editor, Florence Por-
ter Robinson, Wisconsin Alpha (these compose the
Grand Council) ; Historian, Susan Lewis, Michigan
Beta ; Province Presidents : Alpha, Frances Darlington,
Pennsylvania Alpha; Beta, Lura Grimes (Anderson),
Indiana Beta; Gamma, Olivia Ambler (Simmons), Iowa
Alpha; Delta, Clara Matthews (Mcllhenny), Louisiana
Alpha. Social side of Convention included an informal
reception the first day, a reception by Delta Gamma, a
model initiation, followed by a " cookie shine " and
dancing; a trip around the mountains from Boulder to
Ward ' ' the Switzerland Trail of America ; " a recep-
tion by the Colorado Alpha patronesses of Pi Beta Phi ;
a banquet ; a reception by Theta Chapter of Gamma Phi
Beta in Denver, and trolley sightseeing ride in Denver.
(See Arrow, November, 1899.)
The Seventeenth National Biennial Convention met in
the University Buildings at Syracuse, New York, on July
2, 3, 4 and 5, 1901, Grand President Elsie Bradford
presiding. Six national officers and thirty chapter dele-
gates were present. Sadie B. Williams (Bell), New York
Alpha, appointed Convention Guide. Voted, " that the
Alumnae Association, or the work now done by that body,
become a part of the general Fraternity organization,
and that to the duties of Grand Vice-President be added
those of Alumnae Secretary, and that she be nominated
by the alumnae, and that in each chapter to the duties
of vice-president be added those of chapter alumnae sec-
106 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
retary;" that the Grand Vice-President " shall have
charge of the alumnae work, ' ' with a salary ; that * * Na-
tional Biennial " be inserted before " Convention." In
1900 " a petition was made to the Grand Council by the
Alumnae Council, by which they might be allowed to
obtain reduced rates (25 cents per year) for the Arrow
subscriptions for alumnae, after the Arrow had been
supplied to the active Fraternity. This was granted and
it proved most successful in increasing alumnae support
and subscriptions." The Syracuse Convention voted to
continue this concession to the alumnae. Election of offi-
cers as follows : Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble,
Colorado Alpha; Grand Vice-President and Secretary
for the Alumnae, Fannie K. Read (Cook), of Michigan
Beta; Grand Secretary, Mary Bartol (Theiss), of
Pennsylvania Beta; Grand Treasurer, Martha Nutter
Kimball, Colorado Beta ; Arrow Editor, Florence Porter
Robinson, Wisconsin Alpha ; Grand Historian, Susan W.
Lewis ; Province Presidents as follows : Alpha, Sadie
B. Williams (Bell), New York Alpha; Beta, Ethel Cur-
ryer, Indiana Gamma; Gamma, Olivia Ambler (Sim-
mons), Iowa Alpha; Delta, Ida Greeley Smith (Griffith),
of Kansas Alpha. Two balls, a " cookie shine," and a
banquet where one hundred and eleven gathered around
the board, were the greater features of the social side of
this Convention. (See Arrow, November, 1901.)
Eighteenth National Biennial Convention was held in
the Forest Park University Gymnasium, St. Louis, Mo.,
on June 28, 29, 30 and July 1 and 2, 1904, Grand Presi-
dent Elizabeth Gamble presiding. Present, eleven offi-
cers, delegates from thirty-three chapters, and four
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 107
Founders, Emma Brownlee-Kilgore, Fanny Whitenack-
Libby, Libbie Brook-G-addis and Jennie Horne-Turnbull.
Gratia E. Woodside, Missouri Alpha, appointed Conven-
tion Guide. Voted, " that Province Presidents, Grand
Historian, Convention Guide be given seats in conven-
tion; " " that all members of the Alumnae Association
and all visiting Pi Phis be allowed the privileges of the
floor as though members of convention ; " * * that the
Constitution, as revised by the Grand Council, and
presented to the chapters for ratification according
to instructions from the Syracuse Convention, be
hereby ratified; " " that a joint committee of active
and alumnae members be appointed by the chair to
outline suggestions for perfection of organization of
the Alumnae Department; " ll that life membership
in the Alumnae Association be given on the pay-
ment of $5.00 in one instalment, or of $6.00 if paid
in six annual instalments; " that the Fraternity
Statutes be amended to read " To conduct an ex-
amination on the Fraternity Constitution, and Stat-
utes, history and policy, and on parliamentary law,
which examination shall be taken by every chapter be-
tween December 1 and March 3; " " that the duration
of a visit of visiting delegate be not less than two days. ' '
During the interim of conventions the following printed
matter was issued by the Fraternity : second edition
Historical Sketch, second edition Song Book, 176 pages,
and Fraternity Catalogue. Grand President reported
sixteen applicants for charters in Pi Phi during her of-
fice. The election of officers resulted in making Grand
President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado Alpha; Grand
108 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Vice-President and Secretary to the Alumnae, May
Copeland-Reynolds (Drybread), Michigan Alpha;
Grand Secretary, Mary Bartol-Theiss, of Pennsylvania
Beta; Grand Treasurer, Martha N. Kimball, of Colo-
rado Beta; Arrow Editor, Florence Porter Robinson;
Historian, Susan W. Lewis, of Michigan Beta ; Province
Presidents: Alpha, Anna M. Jackson (Branson), of
Pennsylvania Alpha; Beta, Elda L. Smith, of Illinois
Epsilon; Gamma, Sue M. Stone (Smith), of Missouri
Alpha; Delta, Anne Stuart, of Nebraska Beta. Owing
to the fact that this Convention was held during the St.
Louis Exposition, social functions were confined to an
informal reception, a model initiation and banquet.
There were more than one hundred and fifty guests at
this Convention. (See Arrow, July, 1904.)
Nineteenth National Biennial Convention met at the
Claypool Hotel, Indianapolis, Indiana, on June 26, 27,
28, 29 and 30, 1906, Grand President Elizabeth Gamble
in the chair. In the absence of the Grand Secretary,
Mrs. Theiss, Elda L. Smith, Illinois Epsilon, was ap-
pointed secretary of the Convention. Ethel Rous
Curryer, Indiana Gamma, was appointed Convention
Guide. Ten officers and delegates from thirty-five chap-
ters were present. Voted, " that all Pi Beta Phi pins
purchased by further initiates be marked with owner's
name and chapter;" " that the use of the Arrow be
confined to the Fraternity badge; " " that the Grand
Council hold an annual meeting at a time and place
to be chosen by the Grand President ; " " that Province
Presidents be required to visit the chapters of their
respective provinces once during the interim of conven-
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 109
tion, travelling expenses to be paid from Grand Treas-
ury; " " that the policy of the Grand Council for the
next two years be that no charter be granted to
chapters in colleges with less than $75,000 annual
income, a high standard of scholarship, and at least
fifty women students where Phi Beta Phi is the first
sorority to enter, seventy-five where she is second, one
hundred where she is third, etc., in same ratio; "
" that Pi Beta Phi suggest to the local Pan-Hellenic
that the Dean of Women or some woman of the Fac-
ulty be invited to meet with them; " " that Pi Beta
Phi establish scholarships not to exceed $1,000, in
total, for the college year; such scholarships to be
open only to members of Pi Beta Phi; " " that the
scholarships be awarded in each case to the persons
and in the places decided upon by the unanimous vote of
Grand Council; " " that the undergraduate scholarships
be $325 each, and the graduates scholarship $350; "
" that no Pi Beta Phi jewelry shall be given to any
man; " " that a uniform patroness' pin be adopted; "
" that there be a fixed place for wearing the Arrow; n
" that it be worn on the left side near the heart; n
" that the official jewellers be authorized to make as
pledge pin an arrow-head of Roman gold with B of
burnished gold mounted on it; the pin to be the size
of the submitted design and pointing horizontally; "
<r that at the close of each year the corresponding sec-
retary of each chapter send to its alumnae a circular
letter which shall follow as closely as possible the sug-
gestions of Pennsylvania Beta; " " that the chair ap-
point a committee to consider a coat of arms and re-
110 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
port at following convention. ' ' Duties of Alumnae Edi-
tor outlined by committee. Election resulted as fol-
lows: Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, May Copeland-Reynolds
(Drybread), of Michigan Alpha; Grand Secretary, Elda
L. Smith, of Illinois Epsilon; Grand Treasurer, Martha
N. Kimball, Colorado Beta ; Grand Historian, Jeannette
Zeppenfeld, Indiana Alpha; Arrow Editor, Florence
Porter Robinson, of Wisconsin Alpha; Province Presi-
dents: Alpha, Anna M. Jackson (Branson), of
Pennsylvania Alpha; Beta, Edith Clark-Burr, Illinois
Zeta; Gamma, Anne Stuart, of Nebraska Beta;
Delta, Roberta Frye, of Maryland Alpha. The
Grand Council reported fifteen applications for charters
during the two years interim of conventions. At this
Convention, the three Indiana chapters were hostesses.
On the first day of Convention there was an informal
reception. The second day was Alumnae Day, and was
given up to the Indiana alumnae, who entertained
Kappa Alpha Theta, Kappa Kappa Kappa, Delta Gam-
ma, Chi Omega and Alpha Phi alumnae, for the Council,
delegates and Pi Phi guests, with a musical in the
Propylaeum. The third day a dance, in which over
five hundred were in the grand march, and the fourth
day a sumptuous banquet at which covers were laid for
one hundred and fifty, made up a part of the Conven-
tion festivities. (See Arrow, July, 1906.)
The Twentieth National Biennial Convention met in
the Banquet Room of the New Denechaud Hotel, New
Orleans, Louisiana, on December 30, 1907, and Jan-
uary 1, 2, 3, 1908, Grand President Elizabeth Gamble
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS HI
presiding. Thirteen officers and delegates from thirty-
eight chapters present. Celeste Bush Janvier, of Loui-
siana Alpha, appointed Convention Guide. Voted,
" that the Cataloguer be made a delegate to Conven-
tion; " " that the first annual tax of initiates shall pay
for life membership in the Alumnae Department of the
Fraternity; " " that each chapter shall be taxed $1.00
per capita for each graduate or member leaving college
permanently, except in the cases of those who have been
initiated since January 1, 1908. This tax shall be paid
into the National Treasury, thus purchasing the Arrow
for four years after the time of departure from col-
lege ; ' ' * * that four Province Secretaries, having the same
districts as the Province Presidents, shall be elected by
Convention as assistants to the Grand Vice-Presidents in
carrying on the work of the Alumnae Department; "
''' that the expenses of the Alumnae Province Secreta-
ries to convention be paid by the National Treasury; "
" that the Province Secretaries be given no vote in con-
vention; " " that each alumnae club which is situated
geographically near enough to an active chapter to make
it practicable, shall send a delegate to the chapter meet-
ing at least once a month and shall invite representa-
tives from the active chapter to attend alumnae club
meetings; " " that chapters, which for two successive
years are reported through the college authorities as
deficient in scholarship, forfeit the right to charters,
if at the end of two years there is no improvement; "
" no special student in any college of liberal arts shall
be eligible to membership in Pi Beta Phi, who carries
less than twelve hours ' work, or who has less than twelve
112 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
hours' credit in such college; " " that question of
patroness' pin be laid on the table, pending the choice
of symbols; " " that a secret number of the Arrow be
printed annually, which shall publish the minutes and
reports of conventions, the annual chapter reports to
the Grand Secretary, and any other information for the
use of the Fraternity. Election of officers resulted as
follows : Grand President, May Lansfield Keller, Mary-
land Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Cora E. Marlowe
(Kerns), Minnesota Alpha; Grand Secretary, Elda L.
Smith, Illinois Epsilon; Grand Treasurer, Celeste Bush
Janvier, Louisiana Alpha ; Historian, Jeannette Zeppen-
feld, of Indiana Alphia; Arrow Editor, Mary Bartol-
Theiss, of Pennsylvania Beta ; Alumnae Editor, Sarah G.
Pomeroy, of Massachusetts Alpha; Province Presi-
dents: Alpha, Elfrieda Hochbaum-Pope, Illinois
Epsilon; Beta, Anna W. Lytle (Tannahill), Nebraska
Beta; Gamma, Anne Stuart, Nebraska Beta; Delta,
Roberta G. Frye, Maryland Alpha; Province Secreta-
ries: Alpha, Edna L. Stone, Maryland Alpha; Beta,
Fanny Miner, Indiana Gamma; Gamma, Hilda Kirke
White, Illinois Zeta ; Delta, Louise Foucar-Marshall, Col-
orado Beta.
The social side of Convention included an informal
reception in the banquet room of the Denechaud Hotel,
with an address of welcome by President Dixon on the
first night; a royal entertainment New Year's Eve by
Kappa Kappa Gamma; the third day Alpha Tau
Omega gave the delegates a trolley ride to and through
Newcomb College grounds, visiting the pottery works,
and having New Year's luncheon on the campus; a
PI I
Convention
Swartlimore.
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 113
trip to the quaint old French opera-house, where " La
Tosca " was being played; and a banquet the last eve-
ning, with covers for one hundred and twenty-five, at
the close of which, after brilliant toasts and amusing
fake telegrams from distinguished personages, " loving-
cups " of Newcomb pottery, with the Pi Phi carnations
upon them, were presented to those two magnificent
women who had given so many years and much effort
to the Fraternity, Elizabeth Gamble and Florence Rob-
inson. (See Arrow, January, 1908.)
The Twenty-first National Biennial Convention was
held in the Presbyterian Chapel, Swarthmore, Pennsyl-
vania, on June 27, 28, 29 and 30, 1910, Grand Presi-
dent May L. Keller presiding. Thirteen officers and
delegates from forty chapters were present. The three
Pennsylvania chapters were hostesses. Mary Cooper
Johnson, of Pennsylvania Alpha, appointed Convention
Guide. In July, 1908, Anna Robinson-Nickerson,
Massachusetts Alpha, succeeded Elfrieda Hochbaum-
Pope, as Alpha Province President ; in November, 1909,
Kate Walker-Johnson, of Nebraska Beta, succeeded
Anna Lytle (Tannahill) as Beta Province President;
in November, 1908, Mary E. Wallihan (Gibson), Col-
orado Beta, succeeded Louise Foucar-Marshall, as Delta
Province Secretary; in October, 1908, Helen Schaeffer-
Huff was appointed Cataloguer; these between-conven-
tion officers were duly seated in convention. Voted,
" that the Convention Guide be given a seat and vote
in convention ; ' ' ' ' that alumnae club representatives *be
given seats in convention and the privileges of the
floor; " " that the sanction of the Convention be given
114 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
to the plan suggested by the "Washington Alumnae Club
to the Alumnae Department for maintaining a school in
the Appalachian Mountains in honor of the Founders
and founding of Pi Beta Phi; " " that the Fraternity
maintain the policy adopted by the Nineteenth Biennial
Convention, and endorsed by the Twentieth Biennial
Convention; namely, of extension into no colleges with
less than $75,000 annual income, or with less than fifty
women students where Pi Beta Phi is the first woman's
fraternity to enter, seventy-five where she is second, one
hundred where she is third, etc., in the same ratio; "
" that the Fraternity continue its present policy of
granting a $500 fellowship for graduate study either
in America or in Europe; " " that an appropriation of
$200 be made annually for two years for a loan fund,
available to Pi Beta Phi undergraduates ; " ' ' that con-
vention minutes be published as an extra number, secret
issue, of the Arrow ; ' ' " that chapters conduct examina-
tions for their pledges, on the chapter roll, names of
Founders, and Grand Council, and other matters of
general Fraternity interest; this examination to be
passed before the pledge is eligible to initiation; "
" that each chapter be required to have its Arrow files
bound through volume twenty-six. ' ' The salaries of
the Grand President, Grand Vice-President, Grand Sec-
retary, Grand Treasurer, Arrow Editor, Alumnae Editor
and Cataloguer were revised and fixed by Convention.
The following officers were elected for the ensuing two
years: Grand President, May L. Keller, Maryland
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Anna Jackson-Branson,
Pennsylvania Alpha ; Grand Secretary, Julia E. Rogers,
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 115
Iowa Zeta; Grand Treasurer, Celeste Bush Janvier,
Louisiana Alpha ; Arrow Editor, Mary Bartol-Theiss, of
Pennsylvania Beta; Historian, Kate King-Bostwick,
Michigan Alpha; Alpha Province President, Anna Rob-
inson-Nickerson, Massachusetts Alpha; Beta Province
President, Kate Walker- Johnson, Nebraska Beta;
Gamma Province President, Anne Stuart, Nebraska
Beta ; Delta Province, Gertrude Fitz-Randolph-Currens,
Colorado Alpha; Alumnae Editor, Sophie Woodman,
New York Beta; Alpha Province Secretary, Elizabeth
Shepard-Lough, Wisconsin Alpha ; Beta Province Secre-
tary, Fanny Miner, Indiana Gamma; Gamma Province
Secretary, Frances Dunning, Maryland Alpha; Delta
Province Secretary, Mary E. Wallihan (Gibson), of
Colorado Beta.
The social side of Convention : The Grand Council
and as many others as possible were housed in the Strath
Haven Inn, where delegates and visitors were enter-
tained on Monday with song, recitation, college skits
and a Pi Phi medley; Tuesday a picnic across Crum
Creek; Wednesday, the Convention picture was taken
in the morning, and in the afternoon Pennsylvania
Alpha presented fairy scenes from Midsummer Night's
Dream in the near-by dell, and in the evening Pennsyl-
vania Beta entertained with a stunt party and " cookie
shine; " Thursday evening the long-to-be-remembered
banquet, at which was announced that Nebraska Beta
had won the loving-cup for attendance at Convention.
There were one hundred and sixty-seven visiting Pi Phis
at this Convention. (See Arrow, July, 1910.)
The Twenty-second National Biennial Convention was
116 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
held in Annie May Swift Hall, of Northwestern Univer-
sity, Evanston, Illinois, on June 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29,
1912, May Lansfield Keller, Grand President, presiding.
Elda L. Smith, Illinois Epsilon, was appointed Conven-
tion Guide. Roll call showed sixteen officers and forty-
four delegates present, Beta Province President being
absent. Owing to ill health, Mary Bartol-Theiss, Arrow
Editor, was succeeded in November, 1911, by Sarah G.
Pomeroy, Massachusetts Alpha. Voted, " that all
alumnae be granted the privileges of the floor ; " " that
a permanent loan fund of not less than $200 per annum
be established; " " that each province shall have a
Province Vice-President, elected at convention, having
the same district as the Province President, and
assisting the Grand Vice-President and the Alumnae
Editor," these succeeded the alumnae secretaries
in the Alumnae Department ; " that Province Vice-
Presidents shall have their expenses to convention
paid from the National Treasury, but shall have
no vote; " " that the sanction of Convention be
given to the recommendation that $250 per annum
be given for running expenses of the Settlement
School; " " that the Chicago Alumnae Club be re-
quested to assume control of the Settlement School proj-
ect; " " that Grand Treasurer hereafter be required
to give bond in an amount not less than $6,000 ; " ' ' the
restoration of the small recognition pin be authorized ; ' '
" that the provinces be redistricted as follows, on a geo-
graphic basis, enlarging the number from four to six :
Alpha Province, eight chapters, to include the states of
Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
Conventioi
Kvunston.
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 117
Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hamp-
shire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ontario,
Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont and Virginia;
Beta Province, eight chapters, to include the states of
Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia;
Gamma Province, ten chapters, to include the states of
Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Minnesota, Mis-
sissippi, Tennessee and Wisconsin; Delta Province, ten
chapters, to include the states of Arkansas, Iowa, Kan-
sas, Louisiana, Missouri and Nebraska ; Epsilon Prov-
ince, five chapters, to include the states of Colorado,
Oklahoma, Montana, New Mexico, Texas, Wyoming,
North Dakota and South Dakota; Zeta Province, four
chapters, to include the states of Arizona, California,
Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington. The
election of officers resulted as follows : Grand Presi-
dent, May L. Keller, Maryland Alpha; Grand Vice-
President, Lida Burkhard-Lardner, Colorado Beta;
Grand Secretary, Amy B. Onken, Illinois Epsilon;
Grand Treasurer, Anne Stuart, Nebraska Beta; Arrow
Editor, Sarah G. Pomeroy(Rugg), Massachusetts Alpha;
Historian, Elizabeth Clarke-Helmick, Michigan Alpha;
Alpha Province President, Anna Robinson-Nickerson,
Massachusetts Alpha; Beta Province President, Anna
Pettitt (Broomell), Pennsylvania Alpha; Gamma Prov-
ince President, Abbie Langmaid, Minnesota Alpha;
Delta Province President, Lois Janvier, Louisiana
Alpha; Epsilon Province President, Gertrude Fitz-Ran-
dolph-Currens, Colorado Alpha; Zeta Province Presi-
dent, Marguerite Davis-Carney, Colorado Alpha ; Alpha
Province Vice-President, Grace Goodhue-Coolidge, Ver-
118 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
mont Beta ; Beta Province Vice-President, Elsa Schlicht,
Ohio Gamma; Gamma Province Vice-President, Lizette
Woerner (Hampton), Wisconsin Alpha; Delta Province
Vice-President, Margaret Ross (McEldowney), Missouri
Alpha; Epsilon Province Vice-President, Emily Maver-
ick (Miller), Texas Alpha; Zeta Province Vice-Presi-
dent, Leta Horlocker, Nebraska Beta. In August, 1913,
Kate B. Miller, Iowa Beta, succeeded Abbie Langmaid as
Gamma Province President, and in October, 1913, Edith
Baker, Missouri Beta, succeeded Margaret Ross as Delta
Province Vice-President. At this Convention the loving-
cup was awarded New York Beta.
Social events of this Convention included an informal
reception in Willard Hall the first night, with an ad-
dress of welcome by Miss Potter, Dean of Women at
Northwestern, a Pi Beta Phi Pageant, written by Kate
B. Miller, Iowa Beta, and presented by the Chicago
Alumnae Club, swimming parties, breakfast on the
beach, a boat ride on Lake Michigan, and a banquet
Friday evening in Patton Gymnasium, to which 473 Pi
Phis sat down together.
The beautiful Pi Phi book plate designed by Edith
Hammond, Illinois Epsilon, was presented to the Fra-
ternity by the chapter. (See Convention, or Secret
Arrow, 1912.)
To the fortunate Pi Phi, who can attend a convention,
it means " a new initiation into Pi Beta Phi. It is true
we were wont to speak of being loyal to the wine and
blue, but after attending one of our conventions we are
as loyal to one chapter of Pi Beta Phi as to another. The
interests, the aims, the pleasures, the triumphs, the dis-
NATIONAL CONVENTIONS 119
appointments, the losses of every separate chapter, aye,
of every individual member, we might say, become ours
also." " We are bound by ties ties warmer and
stronger than those of friendship to noble, intellectual,
womanly women all over these United States. For the
dear little girl from the far West, for the gentle Quaker
maiden of the East, for the stately sister of the North,
and for the charming girl from the South, convention
has brought us a warmer interest and love."
" Every wearer of the Fraternity badge feels a noble
pride in that badge as a symbol of high aims and prog-
ress." MARY CLARK BANCKER, Michigan Beta.
Missouri Gamma Group.
CHAPTER VII
INSIGNIA
BADGES. The badge of the Pi Beta Phi Fraternity is
a gold arrow, about an inch in length, bearing the let-
ters nB$ transversely on its feather, with a loop chain
pendent from the shaft, worn on the left side near the
heart. That the badge should be a gold arrow was
decided by our Founders on the 5th of May, 1867,
and was worn by them on the 14th of May, of the same
year, for the first time. Until 1888, the pin bore upon
its wing the letters I. C. in black enamel. The signifi-
cance of each part of the arrow has never changed, but
at the Convention of 1888, nB$ was substituted for I. C.,
the wing being enamelled in white, and jewelling was
permitted. A guard pin was used before the safety
catch was invented. This guard pin was of gold, a
Greek letter, the same as the name of the chapter to
which the owner belonged, or I. C. The first jewelled
Pi Beta Phi pin was presented by the Fraternity to the
highly esteemed President, Mrs. Rainie Adamson-Small,
and was jewelled with diamonds and pearls.
The Recognition Pin authorized by the 1912 Conven-
tion is a duplicate of the badge, only smaller, and is
worn on the coat lapel.
The Pledge Pin is an arrow-head, made of Roman
gold, and pointed horizontally, upon which is mounted
123
124 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
the Greek letter B in burnished gold. This pin is worn
only by girls who have given their pledge to join the
Fraternity, and have not been fully initiated.
HONORARY BADGES. In 1893, at the Convention held
in Chicago, during the World's Columbian Exposition,
the following honorary badges for Grand Officers were
adopted :
Grand President a small gold gavel.
Grand Vice-President a gold scroll, with wine
enamelled gavel and letters IIB^> across the face.
Grand Treasurer the $ sign in gold wire.
Grand Secretary gold pen, with IIB<I> in black
enamel across same.
Grand Historian white enamelled scroll, with IIB$
in gold letters across the face.
Arrow Editor white enamelled scroll, with word
11 Arrow " in gold across the face.
COLORS. The colors of the Fraternity are dregs of
wine and silver blue, adopted by the Convention of
1882, upon motion of Ella Ham (Robinson), of Iowa
Zeta.
FLOWER. The flower is the dark red carnation,
adopted by the Convention of 1890.
GODDESS. At the Galesburg Convention- held in
1890, Pallas Athense was adopted as the Fraternity
goddess.
FLAG. The flag is an oblong, with lower edge in-
dented; connecting the opposite corners are curved
lines which divide the field into three parts. The center
portion is of silver blue, bearing in its upper part a
monogram of the letters I C, surrounded by a halo, and
INSIGNIA
125
below is a monogram of the letters IIB<I. The lower
point is pierced by a gold arrow which overlaps the
lateral section of the wine red. This flag was presented
to Convention in 1896.
YELL. The yell was adopted by the Convention of
1892, as follows :
Ring, ching, ching,
Ho, hippi, hi,
Ra, ro, Arrow,
Pi Beta Phi.
WHISTLE. The following is the whistle call of the
Fraternity, adopted at the 1890 Convention:
{( Those three little Greek letters on the Arrow are as
a talisman that will lead into sweeter, broader, richer
fields of usefulness." GRACE LASS-SISSON, Illinois
Delta.
CHAPTER VIII
ALUMNAE ORGANIZATIONS
IT has been impossible to gather accurate detailed in-
formation about alumnae chapters or clubs previous to?
1880. As early as 1870 we have been told of gatherings
of I. C. groups at stated times and places, when active
and inactive members met and discussed Fraternity af-
fairs and chapter welfare over the teacups, but there
was no concerted movement for fostering a closer rela-
tionship between the active and alumnae members or for
organizing alumnae chapters or clubs until 1$80 or 1881.
Previous to 1880, in an I. C. Constitution in the His-
torian's archives is a provision for alumnae organization
reading : " Members of the several chapters shall,
upon graduation, become members of the alumnae chap-
ter, but shall retain connection with their former chap-
ter. The alumnae chapter shall have no power to trans-
act business. ' ' This last clause was amended by the Mt.
Pleasant Convention of October, 1880, to read:
''Alumnae chapters shall have power to transact any
business which does not in any way conflict with the
workings of the general organization." Alumnae chap-
ters, when organized, were at first given the name of
the parent chapter followed by Omega, but after the
Convention of 1882, these chapters were named with-
out regard to their origin, as, for instance, the first
129
130 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
chapter chartered, being the Fairfield Chapter, became
Beta Omega, the second, at Mt. Pleasant, was Gamma
Omega, etc.
Early in 1882, a society was formed in Des Moines,
Iowa, composed entirely of alumnaa, and existed as an
independent alumnse club until February 6, 1893, when
it received a charter from the Grand Council, as
Lambda Omega, just previous to the organization of
the National Alumnag Association. This chapter, or
club, was carefully organized, including among its
members a number of our active workers of to-day.
They held regular meetings and devoted their time to
literary study, Fraternity interests and social affairs
until they were merged into the new National Alumnae
Association. The fact that this was the last alumnse
chapter and was given the name Lambda leads us to
believe there might have been nine Omega, or alumnge
chapters, but we find record of only the following :
(1) FAIRFIELD, Iowa, chartered October 12, 1882,
under the name of Beta Omega. This chapter also ad-
mitted to membership college women not initiated I. (Vs.
(2) MT. PLEASANT, Iowa, chartered in September,
1884, as Gamma Omega, and was composed entirely of
Pi Phi members from the Iowa Wesleyan College.
" Iowa Alpha, our oldest chapter, separated its mem-
bers into active and inactive (or alumnae) chapters
when the active chapter, or members living in Mt.
Pleasant, exceeded thirty in number." The overflow
became members of Gamma Omega.
(3) IOWA CITY, Iowa, was chartered September 12,
1884, as Delta Omega, and was a strong alumnae asso-
Lila Rurkhardt-Lardner.
ALUMNA ORGANIZATIONS 131
elation until 1893, when it went into the National Asso-
ciation. With one exception this chapter was composed
entirely of alumnae from Iowa State University, Iowa
Zeta.
(4) LAWRENCE, Kansas, was granted a charter in
November, 1884, and was composed entirely of I. C.'s
graduated from the Kansas State University. This
chapter disbanded the following year.
The records of the time of these alumnae organizations
show that they were very active at home and in the
general conventions, and retained the old Fraternity
enthusiasm and loyalty which later made the alumna
the stronghold of the national organization.
In one of the early volumes of the Arrow, about this
time, is an article written by Anna E. Ross (Clark) of
Des Moines, under the heading " Relation of Pi Beta
Phi to the Inactive Member." from which the following
is quoted : "I use the word inactive, from the lack
of a more appropriate term, to apply to those sisters
who have at some time been faithful, active members
in chapter work, and who are still loyal to the wine and
blue, but who, from remoteness to a chapter, are unable
to take an active part in its workings, and can be pres-
ent only in spirit and sympathy. There is a relation
existing between a chapter and its work and the retired
member of that chapter, and this relation is determined
chiefly by the one who no longer answers * here ' to the
chapter roll. If a sister imagines that upon graduation
she has discharged the last duty she owes to Pi Beta
Phi and her sisters, that from that time onward her
path is to be this way and the chapter's that, and that
132 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
lier relations to the chapter are a memory only, she has
failed to understand the true meaning of friendship and
fraternity. If to the chapter she gives nothing she can
expect naught in return. The vows we made were not
for a day nor yet for a year, but for all time, and we
.are just as much Pi Phis to-day as we were when we
were active members of a chapter. Our work is differ-
ent; that is all. We served then an apprenticeship,
mow we have in life's great work to live the principles
-we have sworn to uphold and defend."
Previous to 1892, one of the standing committees ap-
pointed at convention had been the Alumnae Committee,
whose duties included " collecting addresses of alumnae,
organizing Pi Beta Phi Clubs, and doing general
.alumnae work/' On March 29, 1892, this committee
recommended to the Convention held at Lawrence
Ul that a general alumnae secretary be appointed to have
supervision of alumnae work," and Lillie S. Hazelton,
x)f Columbia Alpha, entered upon these duties the fol-
lowing August. This year was productive of great
alumnae activity in organizing Pi Phi alumnae clubs in
cities, and sending out circulars and " round robin "
letters among isolated members.
It had become clear to the Grand Counoil that the
only means for bringing the alumnae into closer touch
with active members, and to provide for a more general
moral and financial support, " would be to extend, or
reorganize the Fraternity in such a way that it would
touch the lives of the alumna at some vital point, and
make the work worth while for her to do, and it was
with such a plan in mind that the Grand President
ALUMNJB ORGANIZATIONS 133
(Emma Harper Turner) sent out a circular in May,
1893, proposing the formation of an Alumnae Associa-
tion of Pi Beta Phi, to be composed of (a) alumnae
chapters and clubs and (6) alumnae corresponding mem-
bers." This circular stimulated thought, and delegates
and alumnae came to the next convention with well-
formed ideas for organization.
At a meeting held in the Isabella Club House, Chi-
cago, on Tuesday evening, July 18, 1893, the question
of organization was submitted to the alumnae for their
decision. " The question was a serious one, and in-
volved many vital considerations. There was no doubt
but what such an organization would have a great and
good influence on the undergraduates of the Fraternity.
Besides inspiring them by their example, the association
of older women in Fraternity work would give a dignity
and weight to the Fraternity which would never belong
to a mere college society. " Also " it was the crystalli-
zation of a well-developed conviction in the Fraternity
that alumnae relations would be best conserved and pro-
ductive of the most good through a definite, concrete
organization/' The subject had long been one of dis-
cussion at meetings and reunions, in correspondence,
and in the Arrow; finally a way for action was thor-
oughly prepared.
The inauguration took place under most favorable
circumstances: the largest convention the Fraternity
had ever held was then in session, enrolling a represen-
tative alumnae contingent.
" To maintain the Fraternity associations of Pi Beta
Phi alumnae and to secure their cooperation in the de-
134 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
velopment of the Fraternity," was set forth as the ob-
ject of the association, and bearing in mind the varied
and busy lives of the alumnae to be served by the associ-
ation, a very simple form of government, without re-
quirements or demands, was adopted. The new organi-
zation was not covered by any provision of the Frater-
nity law, yet it must, if successful, become an important
factor in the general Fraternity welfare, and hence the
movement. The constitution and officers recommended
were submitted to the General Convention for action,
and were by it at once officially recognized and enthu-
siastically endorsed.
The first Council of officers consisted of : President,
Emma Harper Turner, Columbia Alpha; Vice-Presi-
dent, Mrs. Laura M. Light- Vance, Iowa Alpha; Secre-
tary, Effie June Scott (Franklin), Kansas Alpha;
Treasurer, Ina H. Payne (Newsom), Indiana Alpha;
Guide, Dr. Phoebe R. Norris, Columbia Alpha.
Immediately upon the formation of the National
Alumnas Association, state secretaries were appointed in
the principal Pi Phi strongholds, and the work of keep-
ing alive the old Fraternity spirit of comradeship and
love was launched. The first published list, October,
1893, shows an attempt to organize the alumnae in
Washington, D. C., Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,
Iowa, Kansas and Colorado, and a regular Alumnse De-
partment was scheduled in the Directory of the Frater-
nity in the Arrow.
The Second Convention was held in Boston, in 1895,
at the time of the General Convention, and elected the
following officers: President, Emma Harper Turner,
ALUMNA ORGANIZATIONS 135
Columbia Alpha; Vice-President, Slide Weaver-Evans,
Iowa Epsilon; Secretary, Dr. Phoebe R. Norris, Colum-
bia Alpha; Treasurer, Sarah M. Sterrett, Iowa Alpha;
Marshal, Sarah F. Sparks, Columbia Alpha.
In 1896 the Alumnae Association voted to cooperate
with the Arrow Editor, and Mary S. Hutchinson (Con-
row), of Pennsylvania Alpha, was placed in charge of
the work, which she carried on with satisfactory results
until 1899. She was styled Alumnee Editor.
The Third Convention was held at Madison, Wiscon-
sin, on July 8, 1897, and resulted in the election of :
President, Miriam E. Prindle, Illinois Epsilon; Vice-
President, Mary Thompson-Ried, Michigan Beta; Sec-
retary, Mary Harris, Pennsylvania Beta; Treasurer,
Maud Hicks-Lamson, Iowa Gamma; Marshal, Alice
Pierce-Sylvester, Michigan Beta.
The Fourth Convention, held in Boulder, Colorado, in
August, 1899, elected the following Council : Presi-
dent, Fanny K. Read (Cook), of Michigan Beta; Vice-
President, Leila Lane-Smith, Michigan Alpha; Secre-
tary, Anna S. Hazelton, Columbia Alpha; Treasurer,
Gertrude Clark (Sober) -Church, Michigan Beta; Mar-
shal, Kate King-Bostwick, Michigan Alpha.
On July 4, 1901, the National Alumnae Association
petitioned the Biennial Convention, at Syracuse, N. Y.,
through the Grand Council, and it was recommended
and presented by them, " That the Alumnae Association,
or the work now done by that body, become a part of
the general Fraternity organization, and that to the
duties of the Grand Yice-President be added those of
Alumnae Secretary, and that she be nominated by the
136 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
alumnae; and that in each chapter to the duties of vice-
president be added those of chapter alumnae secretary."
On motion, this recommendation became a part of the
Constitution, and a salary of $50 per annum, which has
since been raised to $200, was authorized.
At this time the entire alumnae membership had been
card-catalogued by Florence Chase-Cass, of Michigan
Alpha, there being 11,000 entries made in the work
Since the consolidation of the Alumnae Association
Conventions with the National Biennial Conventions,
the following have been elected Grand Vice-Presidents,
and therefore presidents of the Alumnae Conventions,
which have occupied one session of each National Con-
vention :
1901, Fanny K. Reed (Cook), Michigan Beta.
1904, May Copeland-Reynolds (Drybread), Michigan
Alpha.
1906, May Copeland-Reynolds (Drybread), Michigan
Alpha.
1908, Cora E. Marlowe (Kerns), Minnesota Alpha.
1910, Anna Jackson-Brandon, Pennsylvania Alpha.
1912, Lida Burkhardt-Lardner, Colorado Beta.
" Emma Harper Turner was president of the
Alumnae Association from 1893 to 1897. As she had
been its inspiration, so likewise, during her term of of-
fice, she was its life, its heart, its soul. She was as
untiring in her work as she had been in her work for
the general Fraternity while at its head. Her succes-
sors have ably carried on the work she began. "
"Love feels n*o burden, thinks nothing of trouble, at-
tempts what is above its strength, pleads no excuse of
impossibility; for it thinks all things lawful for itself
and all things possible." A'KEMPIS.
~
<|
CHAPTER IX
ALUMNAE CLUBS
THE national strength of a fraternity may be shown
by its organizations of alumnae as well as by its active
college chapters. Pi Beta Phi has made provisions for
husbanding her alumnae strength by organizing and
chartering alumnae clubs in connection with her Alumnae
Department wherever ten or more members may be
found.
The six province vice-presidents, elected at Conven-
tion, and having the same districts as the province pres-
idents, have the general supervision of all alumnae in-
terests in their provinces, and are responsible to the
Fraternity, through the Grand Vice-President, for the
development of Pi Phi activities of those under them.
They are representatives at convention, but have no
votes.
The Statutes of Pi Beta Phi stipulate " that every
alumnae club shall hold at least three meetings a year;
one of which shall be devoted to the interests of the
nearest chapter or chapters, one to the study of the
Constitution, the historical documents and the yearly
examination questions, and one to the observance of
Founders' Day. These and all business meetings shall
be opened and closed with the Fraternity ritual." To
stimulate a closer bond and feeling of responsibility be-
139
140 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
tween the active members and the elder sisters in the
alumnae " each alumnae club which is geographically
near enough to an active chapter to make it practicable
shall send a delegate to the chapter meeting at least once
a month and shall invite representatives from the active
chapter to attend alumnae club meetings," also " every
alumnae club president shall send annually to the Grand
Vice-President a letter covering the intimate points of
club work," and " every alumnae club secretary shall
send annually to the Alumnae Editor a report of the
year's work." Active membership in the Alumnae De-
partment is necessary to membership in an alumnae club.
" If practicable, every alumnae club shall send a repre-
sentative to the national convention, who shall have the
privilege of the floor, but no vote except on questions
pertaining to the work of the Alumnae Department."
From the day of our initiation into Pi Beta Phi it
has been impressed upon us that our vows taken then
were not alone for college days but for as long as we
live. Said Emerson: " Within every man's thoughts
is a higher thought; within the character he exhibits
to-day a higher character; " and so " Pi Phi pledges her
kindliest and best efforts toward making a part of the
visible woman this best part."
To-day, we have sixty-seven clubs over the country,
as follows:
AMES ALUMNAE CLUB, Ames, Iowa, was organized in
September, 1901, being at its inception purely social.
Later, it took as its mission the reestablishing of Iowa
Gamma, which was accomplished in 1906. Since that
time its meetings have been devoted to Pi Phi interests,
ALUMNJE CLUBS 141
and recently to assisting the Ames Chapter in planning
and building their new Chapter House upon the campus
and working for the Pi Beta Phi Settlement School. It
meets quarterly at luncheons, followed by business. It
was chartered February 17, 1913, and has twenty-three
working members. Mrs. E. B. Bush (Edna Everett),
706 Clark Avenue, Ames, Iowa, is secretary.
ANN ARBOR ALUMNAE CLUB, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
was chartered April 17, 1913, by Dora Payne-Roth,
Katherine Tower-Barnes, Mary Snow-Case, Lucy Par-
ker-Huber, Rebecca Downey- White, Lora Wright-Lewis,
Emma Hynes-Riggs, Faith Gilbert-Parker, Lida Van
Horn White-Miller and Marguerite White, all connected
with the University of Michigan. Though meetings of
Ann Arbor Pi Phis were held informally for a number
of years without a definite organization, since its char-
ter has been taken out it has become in a measure spon-
sor for Michigan Beta Chapter and assumed its share
of the responsibility of supporting the Pi Beta Phi Set-
tlement School. It has sixteen members. Mrs. H. E.
Riggs, 1319 Cambridge Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan, is
secretary.
ATHENS ALUMNAE CLUB, Athens, Ohio, was estab-
lished in December, 1901. Being located in a college
town, its interests are largely centered in the better-
ment of the local organizations, though it is keenly in-
terested in our national philanthropies. It meets
monthly in the evening. Virginia Bishop is secretary.
AUSTIN ALUMNAE CLUB, Austin, Texas, was estab-
lished in July, 1911, primarily for helping the active
chapter of Pi Beta Phi. It was chartered in March,
142 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
1915, and has assumed all the obligations and duties of
a Pi Phi Alumnae Club. It has twenty members. Mrs.
William T. Caswell, 1502 West Avenue, is the secretary.
BALTIMORE ALUMNAE CLUB, Baltimore, Maryland. As
far back as 1899 we find alumnae members meeting in
Baltimore as a Pi Phi social club. In 1906 a regularly
established club was organized by Alice Wood, Lucy
Murray, May Keller, Esther Cox, Helen Tottle, Helen
Hull, Elizabeth Culver (Hazzard), Irene Fenton,
Blanche Reisinger and Edith Lewis. The meetings, held
monthly, alternating with Saturday afternoon luncheons
and Friday evening meetings, are devoted to the inter-
ests of the active chapter at Goucher, to the Pi Beta
Phi Settlement School in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, home
philanthropy and social pleasure. One member from
this club, Blanche G. Reisinger, 235 East Lafay-
ette Avenue, has managed a magazine subscription
agency for the benefit of the Settlement School, from
which over $100 profit was realized this past year.
There are thirty-two resident Pi Phis in Baltimore, of
whom sixteen are active workers in the alumnae club.
Molly W. Wood, Chestnut Avenue and 31st Street, is
secretary of the club.
BOSTON ALUMNAE CLUB, Boston, Massachusetts, was
organized on November 9, 1901, by the following Massa-
chusetts Alpha alumnae : Ida Hodge-Benjamin, Ethel
Bancroft-Bicknell, Nettie Dodge-Chapman, Elizabeth
Coats, Avice Williams-Kent, Mae Lawrence, Martha
Luther, Winifred Hill-Maxfield, Mary McFall, Anna
Robinson-Nickerson and Jennie L. Ray. The club meets
regularly on the second Saturday of each month and is
Burlington Hospital and Pi Beta Phi Room.
ALUMISLE CLUBS 143
usually attended by members from the active chapter.
A committee of two serve as hostesses at each meeting.
The work of the club during the past year has been aid-
ing the active chapter by taking charge of the Frater-
nity home, renting a modern apartment and furnishing
it. Next year the work of the club will also include
furnishing the guest chamber at the Pi Phi Settlement
School in Tennessee. In this club a scholarship cup has
been awarded each year to the highest ranking Pi Phi
in the sophomore class at Boston University. Boston
has ninety-five Pi Phi alumnae, of whom forty-one be-
long to the alumna? club. Bertha A. Carr, 180 Long-
wood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, is the correspond-
ing secretary.
BOULDER ALUMNAE CLUB, Boulder, Colorado, was
organized November 22, 1909, by resident Colorado
Alpha alumnae in the interest of the active chapter, the
national alumnae and general philanthropy. This club
has fifteen active workers. Mrs. Paul M. Dean, 1931
Hill Street, Boulder, Colorado, is secretary.
BURLINGTON ALUMNAE CLUB, Burlington, Iowa, was
established in May, 1906, through the efforts of Jessie
Donnell-Thomas, Iowa Alpha, Bertha Poehler-Bland,
Kansas Alpha, Edna Uhler-Gilman, Illinois Beta, and
Alta Dutton, Iowa Alpha, and was chartered in 1907.
This club founded and maintained the Pi Beta Phi
Room in the Burlington Hospital, gives generously to
philanthropy and the Settlement School, and has up-
held enthusiastically the traditions of Pi Beta Phi, hav-
ing among her members many of our oldest alumnae. It
has twenty-two members. Katherine A. Lundgren, 115
144 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
North Gunnison Street, Burlington, Iowa, is the secre-
tary.
BURLINGTON ALUMNAE CLUB, Burlington, Vermont,
was first established on March 8, 1906, reorganized Jan-
uary 28, 1914, and chartered April 6, 1914, with the
following charter members : Daisy Russel-Drew, Amy
Metcalf, Maude Chaffee, Jennie Rowell, Mabel Balch,
Helen Barton-Tuttle, Sylvia Warren, Ruth Gregory,
Ruth Catlin, Bertha Coventry, Helen Durfee, Alta
Grismer, Amy Wheeler and Blanche Bostwick. This
club offers a prize to the active chapter for the highest
mark in Fraternity examinations. It meets monthly
and devotes its time to work for the local chapter of
Pi Beta Phi, the Settlement School and Constitution
requirements. It has fourteen working members. Ruth
Durfee, 128 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, Vermont,
is the secretary.
CARTHAGE ALUMNAE CLUB, Carthage, Illinois, was or-
ganized in 1905, but was composed of so few members
it did not accomplish much in a useful way until its
reorganization in 1911. It became a chartered club of
Pi Beta Phi on December 4, 1914. It is deeply inter-
ested in civic work in its home town, and through one
of its members, Ella Ferris-Scofield, has succeeded in
establishing the Municipal Boys' Work in Carthage,
and another member, Mrs. Adda Williams, secured
pledges for $1800 to assist in maintaining this work.
These two Pi Phis, ably supported by other workers,
have established the Y. M. C. A. in Carthage. Although
a small club, it has held its regular meetings with profit
and done its share liberally toward Pi Phi philanthro-
ALUMNJE CLUBS 145
pies. It has an active membership of only nine. Mrs.
R. E. Scofield, 502 Locust Street, Carthage, Illinois, is
the secretary.
CARLISLE ALUMNAE CLUB, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, is
a small, unchartered club, devoting its work and time
tx> the interest of the active chapter at Carlisle. Julia
Morgan is the secretary.
CENTRAL ILLINOIS ALUMNAE CLUB, at Champaign,
Illinois, was established in December, 1912, and char-
tered in March, 1913. It works for the interest of the
Pi Phi chapter Illinois Zeta, at Champaign, and Settle-
ment School in the Tennessee mountains. One of its
members, Dell Gillette (Morgan), was the first Pi Phi
teacher in the Pi Phi Settlement School. This club has
fourteen working members. Mrs. George Fairclo is the
secretary.
CHICAGO ALUMNAE CLUB, Chicago, Illinois, was first
organized on March 30, 1898, and reorganized on No-
vember 25, 1904, by members of the Fraternity from
Illinois Delta, Illinois Epsilon, Illinois Zeta, Iowa Al-
pha, Iowa Beta, Iowa Theta, Michigan Alpha, Michigan
Beta, Pennsylvania Alpha and Kansas Alpha Chapters.
Has held six regular meetings during the year, having
rooms for same in the Chicago College Club, Stevens'
Building. Is the largest alumnae club in the country
with its one hundred and six active members, and has
had the management of the Pi Beta Phi Settlement
School, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, since July, 1912. It re-
ceived its charter in 1911. Mrs. 0. M. Schantz, 5215
West 24th Street, Cicero, Illinois, is the secretary.
CINCINNATI ALUMNAE CLUB, Cincinnati, Ohio, was or-
146 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ganized on April 2, 1910, by Susannah Miles-Kinsey,
Gertrude Hancox-Carman, Stella Koons and Lucy Mur-
dock. With only fourteen members, this club repre-
sents nine different chapters. It meets four times a year
and has worked and accomplished much for the support
of the Pi Phi work in the Appalachian Mountains. It
was chartered in 1911. Mrs. J. Ernest Carman, 2346
Ohio Avenue, Cincinnati, is the secretary.
CLEVELAND ALUMNAE CLUB, Cleveland, Ohio, was or-
ganized on November 2, 1907, by Marie Bellows-McNitt,
California Alpha, May Copeland (Reynolds) Drybread,
Michigan Alpha, and Eva Glass-Lovell, Iowa Zeta, and
was chartered in May, 1913. It meets monthly at the
home of one of its members for luncheon, which is in
charge of three members, and is followed by business and
work. This club gives strong support, both moral and
financial, to the Settlement School, and is active in lit-
erary and philanthropic work at home. It has twenty
.active members. Mrs. Stanton Charlesworth, 9707
Hollingsworth Court, Cleveland, is secretary.
COLUMBIA ALUMNAE CLUB, of Columbia, Missouri,
was originally organized as the Missouri Alpha Alumnae
Club, but in 1914 became the Columbia Alumnae Club.
It has ten members and has assumed the responsibility
of raising funds for building a Chapter House for the
Missouri Alpha Pi Phis at the University of Missouri.
Mrs. Jesse Snyder, 210 Hicks Avenue, is the secretary.
COLUMBUS ALUMNAE CLUB, of Columbus, Ohio, was
organized on August 17, 1901, and chartered in May,
1913. It meets the first Thursday in every month, at
^six o'clock, at the homes of its members, for supper,
ALUMNJE CLUBS 147
which is in charge of the hostess and four assistants.
Its prime interest is in the local chapter of Pi Beta Phi.
Of the forty-seven alumnas residents of Columbus,
thirty-two belong to this club. Earnestine Ball, 565
East Broad Street, Columbus, is the secretary.
DALLAS ALUMNAE CLUB, of Dallas, Texas, is one of
the youngest alumnae clubs, having been chartered Feb-
ruary 8, 1915, with a small but earnest membership,
working together in the name and spirit of Pi Beta Phi.
Edith Daniel, 2205 Live Oak Avenue, Dallas, is the
secretary.
DECATUR ALUMNAE CLUB, Decatur, Illinois, was or-
ganized in April, 1912, and chartered May 4, 1914. It
meets monthly, working with the active Pi Phis of
James Millikin University to raise funds for building
a Chapter House and home. This club has shown a
deep interest in the Settlement School and local char-
itable work. It has twenty-four working members.
Mrs. C. R. Dick, 440 West Macon Street, is the secre-
tary.
DENVER ALUMNAE CLUB, Denver, Colorado, was es-
tablished in 1898. From the seventy-five resident
alumnae this club draws thirty active members. Owing
to the proximity of the University of Denver this club
devotes its meetings and work to assisting and planning
for the active Pi Phis at home. It is also much inter-
ested in the work of Pi Phi in the South, and all Fra-
ternity enterprises. Mary Morse, 1347 High Street, is
the secretary.
DES MOINES ALUMNAE CLUB, of Des Moines, Iowa,
was organized and established in 1894 by Anna Ross-
148 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Clark, Iowa Lambda (Callanan), May Broadhead- Wal-
lace, Iowa Gamma, and Lizzie Case-Howe. It was char-
tered December 1, 1912. It holds its meetings monthly
at the home of one of its members and is mainly of a
social character, though it has done much for the Settle-
ment School and general benevolence. This club issues
and sells a neat seal a diminutive Pi Beta Phi coat-
of-arms for the benefit of the Settlement School. It
has forty-eight members. Mrs. C. H. Clarke, 1510 9th
Street, Des Moines, is the secretary.
DETROIT ALUMNAE CLUB, Detroit, Michigan, was es-
tablished October 10, 1901, by the following eleven Pi
Phis: Harriet Beard, Mary Anderson, Margaret
Cousin-Robertson, Frances Foster, Clara Foster-Ram-
sey, Mary Thompson-Reid, Leonore Smith- Wilson, Mil-
dred Smith-Carter, Helen Wattles and Joanna Hemp-
sted, all of Michigan Beta, and Elizabeth Gamble, of
Ohio Alpha, and chartered March 6, 1914. It holds
regular meetings of a social nature and is especially in-
terested in the welfare of Michigan Beta Active Chap-
ter at Ann Arbor. The Detroit Alumnae Club has
twenty-two members. Irene McFadden, 831 3d Avenue,
Detroit, is the secretary.
FAYETTEVILLE ALUMNAE CLUB, Fayetteville, Arkan-
sas, is the youngest Pi Phi alumna3 club, having been
established and chartered in April, 1915, with sixteen
members. The organization was effected to better work
for the Settlement School and Arkansas Alpha Chapter
of Pi Beta Phi at the University of Arkansas. Mildred
Gregg, 129 East Dixon Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas, is
secretary.
Beta Phi Room, Cottage Hospital, Galesburg, Illinois.
ALUMNJS CLUBS 149
FRANKLIN ALUMNAE CLUB, Franklin, Indiana, was
organized in 1893 by the resident alumna? and chartered
in April, 1908. It devotes its meetings to the interests
of the active chapter, the Settlement School and national
affairs of Pi Beta Phi. Two members, Edith Wilson
and Marie Ditmars, have taught at our Settlement
School in Tennessee. The club meets monthly at lunch-
eon, followed by business and work. It has twenty-eight
members. Frances M. Dean, 198 East Madison Street,
Franklin, is secretary.
GALESBURG ALUMNAE CLUB, Galesburg, Illinois, was
first established in 1885, reorganized in 1903, but ex-
isted for a year only. In 1906 it was again established,
and chartered February 8, 1915, holding meetings on
the first Saturday of each month. It has a regular at-
tendance of between sixty and seventy Pi Phis, consist-
ing of alumnae and active members from the local chap-
ters at Lombard and Knox Colleges. This club main-
tains a room in the Galesburg Hospital and handsomely
supports the Settlement School in Tennessee. Mrs.
Henry Lass is secretary.
HILLSDALE ALUMNAE CLUB, of Hillsdale, Michigan, is
composed of the resident Pi Phis of Hillsdale, Michigan.
It was first organized in the Fall of 1906 and was char-
tered February 7, 1914. It has sixteen members and
devotes its meetings to the constitutional requirements,
helping the active chapter and helping materially in
carrying on the settlement work in Tennessee. It fur-
nished Leah Stock, a volunteer worker, to the school in
1914. Gladys J. Dibble is secretary.
HOUSTON ALUMNAE CLUB, of Houston, Texas, was
150 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
chartered in 1912. This club is purely a social one,
bringing Pi Phis, away from the college atmosphere,
together to keep alive the interests and ideals of Pi Beta
Phi. It welcomes visiting Pi Phis and takes a lively in-
terest in local and national philanthropies. Mrs. Rod-
man Cosby, 2308 Genesee Avenue, is secretary.
INDIANAPOLIS ALUMNAE CLUB, Indianapolis, Indiana,
was established in 1900 through the efforts of Emily
Helming, Fay Shover, Lelia Kennedy-Galpin, Ethel
Curry er, Ethel Roberts-Loop and Gertrude McCollum-
Moorhead, and was chartered in 1915. Its meetings are
preceded by a luncheon, and the afternoons are occupied
with sewing or other planned work, and generally a
travel talk by some member or guest. The club meets
every month, has thirty-three members, and is a staunch
friend of the Settlement School and several local chari-
ties. Blessing Rassmann, 17 North Arsenal Avenue,
Indianapolis, is secretary.
INDIANOLA ALUMNAE CLUB, Indianola, Iowa, was
holding meetings as long ago as 1901, though the earli-
est record gives the date as September 13, 1907. It was
chartered in January, 1913. The club holds monthly
meetings, of a semi-social nature, and keeps in close
touch with Pi Phi doings through an actively interested
membership of eighteen alumnse, the majority of whom
date their active days back many years. This club is
keenly interested in the Settlement School, having fur-
nished the prizes in 1914 to the members of the Tomato
Club at Gatlinburg. Mrs. E. A. Jenner is secretary.
IOWA CITY ALUMNAE CLUB, Iowa City, Iowa, was es-
tablished in October, 1905, and chartered in 1909. The
ALUMNAE CLUBS 151
club holds itself responsible for the rent of the active
Chapter House and takes a warm interest in the Pi Phis
at the Iowa State University, also in the Pi Beta Phi
Settlement School and local charities. It has eleven
members and meets once a month. Mrs. H. F. Wick-
ham, 911 Iowa Avenue, is the secretary.
KANSAS CITY ALUMNAE CLUB, Kansas City, Kansas,
was established in May, 1900, through the influence and
efforts of Nell Taylor, of Kansas Alpha, and was char-
tered in February, 1913. Its meetings are monthly, pre-
ceded by a luncheon, presided over by the hostess and
three assistants. Thirty-five members are included in
its active list, and its work is mainly social and devoted
to local charities. Constance Fennel, 931 Cleveland
Avenue, Kansas City, Missouri, is the secretary.
LAWRENCE ALUMNAE CLUB, Lawrence, Kansas, was
organized December 17, 1898, and chartered April 2,
1915. It meets quarterly and has fifty active alumnae
members. The club, with the active Pi Phis in the Uni-
versity, has formed the " Kansas Association of Pi Beta
Phi " for the building, management and keeping up the
Chapter House. This club supports the Lucinda Smith-
Buchan Scholarship, which is open to any girl in the
University. Adrienne Atkinson, 829 Mississippi Street,
is the secretary.
LEWISBURG ALUMNAE CLUB, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania,
was established and chartered on November 3, 1908, by
the resident Pi Phis, through the influence of Irene
Fenton-Clinger, Maryland Alpha, of the Baltimore
Alumnae Club. It meets monthly, with twelve members,
who act as " big sisters " to the active Pi Phis and also
152 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
do much in civic, literary and charity work. Mrs. Frank
Clinger, Milton, Pennsylvania, is the secretary.
LARAMIE ALUMNAE CLUB, Laramie, Wyoming, was or-
ganized and chartered on April 17, 1913, primarity for
organized assistance to the local chapter of Pi Beta Phi.
Mrs. R. P. Gottschalk, Box 347 Laramie, Wyoming, is
the secretary.
LINCOLN ALUMNAE CLUB, of Lincoln, Nebraska, was
organized in 1899 and chartered in September, 1914.
This club has eighteen enthusiastic members, who look
after the Nebraska Beta Chapter at the University of
Nebraska, and are active in their support of the Pi Beta
Phi Settlement School at Gatlinburg as well as in na-
tional Fraternity affairs over the country. Recently this
club bought and presented to the home chapter silver
for their dining-room. Mary Spalding, 2221 Sheridan
Boulevard, Lincoln, is the secretary.
LOUISIANA ALPHA ALUMNAE CLUB, New Orleans,
Louisiana, was established January 24, 1905. It has
eighty-five members and devotes its meetings to the in-
terests of Louisiana Alpha and her alumnae. Mrs. J.
Blanc Monroe, 1424 Louisiana Avenue, New Orleans,
Louisiana, is the secretary.
LOUISVILLE ALUMNAE CLUB, Louisville, Kentucky, was
organized in the winter of 1912, and owing to its prox-
imity to the Pi Beta Phi Settlement School has been
deeply and actively interested in its development and
success. It has twelve members. Mrs. Fred L. Koontz,
2814 Baxter Avenue, Louisville, Kentucky, is the sec-
retary.
Los ANGELES ALUMNAE CLUB, Los Angeles, Califor-
S- r-7.
ALUMNAE CLUBS 153
nia, was organized January 12, 1901, and chartered De-
cember 13, 1906. This club is composed of Pi Phis from
many chapters, and is a wide-awake, progressive club.
It has about one hundred members. Mrs. Warren
Smith, 122 North Oxford Street, Los Angeles, is the
secretary.
MADISON ALUMNAE CLUB, Madison, Wisconsin, was
established on June 23, 1900, but disbanded later, and
in 1907 was reorganized and chartered. This club meets
monthly and has been of material strength and backing
to the local chapter of Pi Beta Phi and the Settlement
School in Tennessee. It has twenty-two members. Mrs.
W. H. P. Peterson, 1726 Van Hise Avenue, is secretary.
MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL ALUMNAE CLUB was estab-
lished November 24, 1906, by members of Minnesota
Alpha, and chartered in 1909. It meets every month
and has helped to raise funds for the new University
of Minnesota Pi Phi Chapter House, also for the new
residence for teachers at the Pi Beta Phi Settlement
School at Gatlinburg, Tennessee. One member of this
club is upon the Chapter House Finance Committee,
one upon the Scholarship Committee, one upon the
House Rules Committee, and one alumna is present at
every chapter meeting. It has a working membership
of thirty-five members and is one of our strongest
alumnae clubs. Aimee W. Fisher, 2019 Kenwood Park-
way, Minneapolis, is the secretary.
MT. PLEASANT ALUMNAE CLUB, Mt. Pleasant, Iowa,
was established in 1894 by alumnae of the Fraternity
living in Mt. Pleasant, and chartered in 1915. It has
thirty members, meets monthly, and renders valuable
154 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
service to the home chapter, to the Settlement School
and to local charities. It has among its members many
old I. C. alumnae and is a progressive, wide-awake club.
Mrs. Calvin McCoid is the secretary.
NEW YORK ALUMNAE CLUB, New York, New York,
was organized November 8, 1902, and chartered in June,
1907. It meets on the first Saturday of each month at
the home of one of its members. At the Founders' Day
luncheon this year, at the Hotel McAlpin, thirty-one
chapters of Pi Phis were represented. This club has
fifty-seven working members and is keenly alive to all
Pi Phi interests, supporting the Settlement School in
the South liberally. The plans for the new teachers '
residence under way at Gatlinburg, Tennessee, is the
gift of the Misses Wilson of this club. The secretary is
Elmina Wilson, 452 West 149th Street, New York City.
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALUMNAE CLUB, Berkeley, Cal-
ifornia, was established first as the Berkeley Alumnse
Club in September, 1907, by California Beta alumnaa.
It was chartered December 13, 1913, and during the
past year has been actively engaged in making provi-
sions for entertaining the 23d National Biennial Con-
vention of Pi Beta Phi. Mrs. David Babcock, 905 Con-
tra Costa Avenue, Berkeley, is the secretary.
NORTHERN NEW YORK ALUMNAE CLUB, Canton, New
York, was organized with fourteen members under May
L. Keller's direction on March 21, 1914, and chartered
May 8, 1914. It meets monthly and is a strong help to
the new local chapter of Pi Beta Phi. Dorothy Cleave-
land, Canton, New York, is the secretary.
OKLAHOMA ALUMNAE CLUB, Oklahoma City, Olda-
ALUMNJE CLUBS 155
homa, was founded on April 28, 1911, by Mary Camp-
bell, Elizabeth McMillan, Nellie Johnson, Erma Rash,
Carolyn Wynn Ledbetter, Laura Gray-Hoyt and Emma
P. Noble. Its meetings are mainly of a social nature,
except for complying with the requirements of the Pi
Phi Constitution. C. Wynn Ledbetter, 327 Park Place,
Oklahoma City, is secretary.
PHILADELPHIA ALUMNAE CLUB, Philadelphia, was es-
tablished on May 25, 1901, by Eloise Schuyler, Mary C.
Johnson-Griffith, Ethel Griest-Snyder and Deborah L.
Ferrier, and was chartered in 1902. This club meets
monthly, and its fifty-two members have been active in
past years in helping with sewing and linen the Ken-
sington Hospital for Women, also the active chapter at
Swarthmore College, in the Big Sister Movement and
the Settlement School in Tennessee. A loving-cup is
offered annually for scholarship in the local college.
Edith S. Bunting, Chester, Pennsylvania, is the secre-
tary.
PITTSBURGH ALUMNAE CLUB, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
was established in the Spring of 1907 through the ef-
forts of Anna Spears and Mary Loose, and was char-
tered in 1909. The members are scattered over an area
covering forty miles. They meet monthly, and besides
devoting certain meetings to Fraternity study and in-
terests, sew for a hospital and work for funds for the
Pi Phi Settlement School. In 1916 it will give the com-
plete furnishings of one of the bedrooms of the Settle-
ment School Teachers' residence. It has fourteen mem-
bers. Mrs. H. E. McWhinney, 133 East 9th Avenue,
Homestead, Pennsylvania, is the secretary.
156 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
PORTLAND ALUMNAE CLUB, Portland, Oregon, first
met in May, 1913, for informal Pi Phi reunions, but in
June an organization was effected, and a charter taken
out in May, 1914. Being near no active chapter, its
meetings are generally social and semi informal and de-
voted to keeping alive the spirit and love of Pi Phi. It
has ten members. Mrs. J. C. Monteith, 520 Davenport
Street, Portland, Oregon, is the secretary.
RHODE ISLAND ALUMNAE CLUB was established April
8, 1911, by Carrie Provan-Crowell, Helen D. Barrett,
Margaret Mathison-Poole, Bertha M. Kelsey, Edith Car-
penter and Laura Russell Gibbs, and was chartered in
November, 1911. While the members of this small club
are scattered over this smallest state of the Union, they
meet three times each year and are wide awake in their
interest in Pi Phi, each member being an active worker
for the support of our Fraternity Settlement School.
The club membership to-day is confined to five mem-
bers. Mrs. I. C. Poole, 204 High Street, Fall River,
Massachusetts, is the secretary.
ROCHESTER ALUMNAE CLUB, Rochester, New York,
was organized on January 24, 1914, and chartered
March 1, 1914. It meets monthly and is more social in
its nature than working, though it takes a deep interest
in everything connected with Pi Phi and bears its pro-
portional burden of the Pi Phi Settlement School. It
has eighteen mpmbers, and Florence E. Ford, 189
Plymouth Avenue, Rochester, New York, is the secre-
tary.
Sioux CITY ALUMNAE CLUB, Sioux City, Iowa, was
organized April 28, 1914, with the following charter
ALUMN.E CLUBS 157
members: Louise Cody, Helen Struble, Grace Hamil-
ton, Mae Belle Alstrand-Anderson, Minnie Ely-Farr,
Harriet Wright-Currey, Mary Byrkit-Crouch, Alma
Brown, Cora Colbert-Derthiek, Mary Weiley-Frost,
Marie Keefer, Florence Benson-Bristol, Clarice Lytle,
Jessie A. Matson and Velma Farwell-Smith. It has fif-
teen members, and meets every month at the homes of
its members. It was chartered in 1915. Clarice Lytle
is the secretary.
Sioux FALLS ALUMNAE CLUB, Sioux Falls, South Da-
kota, was organized on January 31, 1914, primarily
through the aid of Mrs. Ella Cummings-Grefe, of Iowa,
for pleasure and to plan and work for supporting the
Pi Phi Settlement School. Grace McKinnon, 516 West
12th Street, is the secretary.
SEATTLE ALUMNAE CLUB, Seattle, Washington, was
organized on September 15, 1906, under the name of
the Puget Sound Alumnae Club, through the efforts of
Roberta Frye-Watt, Maryland Alpha, who brought the
alumnae together at the time the Kappa Tau Tau mem-
bers were working for a Pi Phi charter. It was char-
tered in 1907 and to-day is one of our most active and
strongest clubs, having fifty members. Marion L. Frye,
618 Terry Avenue, Seattle, Washington, is the secre-
tary.
ST. JOSEPH ALUMNAE CLUB, St. Joseph, Missouri, was
established in October, 1909, by Marianna Schultz-Jones,
Letitia Vance-Wood, Marjorie Adriance and Mildred
White, and chartered the following year. It meets
every month in the year and is active in home charity
work, also Y. M. C. A. work and supporting the Pi Phi
158 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Settlement School. It has ten members. Letitia Wood,
Krag Park Place, St. Joseph, Missouri, is secretary.
ST. Louis ALUMNAE CLUB, St. Louis, Missouri, was
established on February 20, 1910, by Amanda Becker-
Montague, Olive Williams-Crosby, Julia Griswold,
Emma Bettis, Sarah Thomas, Amy Starbuck, Marguer-
ite Frazer and Virginia Harsh. This club is wide-
awake and active, devoting its meetings to the interests
of Pi Phi and charity support. Recently it furnished
one room in the new St. Louis Y. W. C. A. Building,
and sent its liberal contribution to the building fund of
the Pi Phi Settlement School residence. It has twenty-
five members and meets monthly. Edith W. Taylor,
5241 Maple Avenue, St. Louis, is secretary.
SPRINGFIELD ALUMNAE CLUB, Springfield, Missouri,
was organized on January 10, 1914, by Edith Baker,
Delta Province vice-president, and Ruth Hubbell, pri-
marily for the study of the Fraternity history and laws,
and to organize systematic work for the Settlement
School. It was chartered on February 7, 1914, and has
twenty working members. Mrs. John M. Sills, 434 Kim-
borough Street, Springfield, Missouri, is the secretary.
SPOKANE ALUMNAE CLUB, Spokane, Washington, was
chartered in September, 1914, to better keep in touch
with the active life of Pi Beta Phi and assist with the
upkeeping of the Pi Phi Settlement School in the South.
Bertha Bigelow, 103 Bridgeport Avenue, Spokane, is
the secretary.
SYRACUSE ALUMNAE CLUB, Syracuse, New York, was
in existence in October, 1898, though reorganized in
November, 1904, by the following New York Alpha
ALUMNAE CLUBS 159
alumnae: Olive Reeve- Waite, Mabel Smith Taylor,
Leora Sherwood-Gray, Georgia Fulmer-Thayer, Julia
Talbott, Grace Huff, May Bliss, Alice Warner and
Louise Warfield, and chartered in 1906. This culb has
taken out incorporation papers for the purpose of
building and owning the New York Alpha Chapter
House, which was completed in November, 1911. It
meets monthly and has eighteen members. Mrs. L. A.
Howell, 622 Park Avenue, Syracuse, New York, is sec-
retary.
TOLEDO ALUMNAE CLUB, Toledo, Ohio, was first estab-
lished September 14, 1909, but not chartered until May
13, 1914. It meets monthly with ten members and has
proven itself an energetic and valuable club in its sup-
port of the Settlement School. Harriett A. Briggs, 2359
Warren Street, is the secretary.
TOPEKA ALUMNAE CLUB, of Topeka, Kansas, was first
established September 20, 1900, but owing to its mem-
bers removing from the city it was disbanded, and then
again established in July, 1914. It meets regularly,
though a small club. Mrs. Howard Campbell, 927 West-
ern Avenue, Topeka, is secretary.
TORONTO ALUMNAE CLUB, Toronto, Canada, was or-
ganized in 1909, by members of Ontario Alpha alumnae
particularly interested in developing the chapter life
and strength of the Pi Phi chapter at the University
of Toronto. It was chartered in October, 1912, and
meets monthly. It offers a silver loving-cup for scholar-
ship, to be competed for by the freshmen and sopho-
mores; keeps in touch with out-of-town alumnae by
means of a Round Robin, one in the Fall and one in
160 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
the Spring; is active in philanthropy, and since the
European war has spent much of its time working for
the Canadian soldiers engaged in active service. M.
Gordon Lovell, 119 Madison Avenue, Toronto, Canada,
is the secretary.
TRI-CITY ALUMNAE CLUB, Davenport, Iowa, was or-
ganized April 27, 1914, by the following alumnae :-
Nancy Carroll, Leila Kemmerer, Sara D. Kemmerer,
Margaret Hansen, Lillian Noth, Evelyn Robberts, Kath-
ryn Robberts, all of Iowa Zeta, Edna Dart, Kansas Al-
pha, and Helene Brammer-Drummond, of Missouri Beta.
This club includes residents of Devenport, Rock Island
and Moline. The secretary is Leila Kemmerer, 803 West
14th Street, Davenport, Iowa.
TULSA ALUMNAE CLUB, Tulsa, Oklahoma, is one of
the smallest alumnae clubs on the roll, having but five
members, but they meet regularly and keep alive the
spirit and friendships in Pi Beta Phi, and do their best
to help the work of the Fraternity. Mrs. T. I. Monroe,
Seventh and Detroit Avenues, Tulsa, Oklahoma, is the
secretary.
WASHINGTON ALUMNAE CLUB, Washington, D. C., was
established October 2, 1893, and chartered December 6,
1913. It meets every month, afternoon meetings alter-
nating with evening meetings, and some special feature
or work is planned for each meeting. This club, being
the originator of the Settlement School idea, has as-
sumed an active responsibility for its support and pol-
icy. Two tea dances have been given for the benefit of
the School during the year, and each member has felt
a personal interest in making the Settlement School pro-
ALUMNJB CLUBS 161
ductive of as great good as possible. Being in the home
city of Columbia Alpha, it has also had a general over-
sight and personal interest in the active Pi Phis of
Wasington and has helped substantially in furnishing
the chapter rooms. It has thirty members, and Rhoda
Watkins, 1429 Clifton Street, is the secretary.
WACO ALUMNAE CLUB, Waco, Texas, was organized
in the Spring of 1913, by Texas Alpha alumnae living in
Waco. It meets quarterly, complying with the require-
ments of the Constitution, and divides its time and sup-
port between the active chapter of Pi Beta Phi and the
Settlement School at Gatlinburg. Monette Colgin, 1902
Austin Street, Waco, is the secretary.
WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS ALUMNAE CLUB was estab-
lished February 19, 1910, by Grace Goodhue-Coolidge,
Vermont Beta, Anna J. Berry, Colorado Beta, Sarah
Pomeroy-Rugg, Massachusetts Alpha, Laura S. Clark,
Vermont Alpha, Grace Hayes, Vermont Beta, Beulah
Hayes, Vermont Beta, Annie Jones, Massachusetts Al-
pha, Helen Ames, Kansas Alpha, Florence Bastert, Illi-
nois Beta, Fannie Denio, New York Alpha, Louise Rich-
ardson, Massachusetts Alpha, Myrtle Mosier, Vermont
Alpha, Ruth Christesen, Washington Alpha, and Ethel
K. Cedarstrom, of Massachusetts Alpha, and chartered
in 1912. This club holds four meetings each year and
its prime object is to keep alive the Fraternity spirit
and in touch with current Pi Phi work and interests
among the Smith College students at Northampton and
the scattered Pi Phis of western Massachusetts. Amy
L. Wallon is secretary.
WOOSTER ALUMNAE CLUB, Wooster, Ohio, was origi-
162 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
nally the Ohio Gamma Club, and organized when the
Wooster Chapter of Pi Beta Phi became inactive on
February 14, 1913. Its members are composed entirely
of Ohio Gamma alumnae, who come from far and near
three times each year to keep alive the friendships and
teachings of Pi Beta Phi. It was chartered in 1913
with thirty-seven members, twelve only of whom are
residents of Wooster. The reestablishing of fraternities
at Wooster University has been their hope, and the Set-
tlement School in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, their object of
labor. Ellen F. Boyer, 624 West Market Street, Orr-
ville, Ohio, is the secretary.
YORK ALUMNAE CLUB, of York, Nebraska, was organ-
ized in December, 1913, during the visit of Anne Stuart,
Grand Treasurer, with fifteen members. Hazel Thomp-
son is secretary,
" To be what we are, and to become what we are capa-
ble of becoming, is the only end of life." STEVENSON.
Initiates of Virginia Alplia.
CHAPTER X
INCORPORATION
THE Convention of 1888 appointed an Incorporating
Committee composed of G. I. R. Ramie Adamson-Small,
of Illinois Beta, G. R. S. Emma Harper Turner, Indiana
Alpha, and Sude Weaver (Evans), Iowa Epsilon (Cal-
lanan), to which was added Emma Humphrey-Haddock,
LL. B., of Iowa Zeta, and Emily Brooks (Harrison),
of Minnesota Alpha. Under the able legal supervision
of Mrs. Haddock, the necessary data was gotten together
for incorporating Pi Beta Phi Fraternity. Then, with
the consent of the Grand Council, the power to incor-
porate was given over to a committee of Pi Beta Phi
residents of Galesburg, Illinois, composed of Elizabeth
L. Smith, Illinois Delta, Elizabeth Eaton-Brown, Illinois
Alpha, Grace Lass (Sisson), Illinois Delta, Alice C.
Stewart (Wolf), Illinois Delta, Lizzie Wigle (Ander-
son), Illinois Beta, Anna Ross (Lapham), Illinois Beta,
and Grace Harsh, Illinois Beta. On October 8, 1889,
the petition for a charter of incorporation was for-
warded to J. N. Pearson, Secretary of State of Illinois,
to be granted under the Act of the General Assembly,
entitled " An Act Concerning Corporations, " approved
April 18, 1872. On October 14, 1889, the Charter was
received from the Secretary of State, was duly recorded
in the Knox County records, and Pi Beta Phi became
165
166 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
an incorporated body, with Mrs. Small, Emma Harper
Turner, Elva Plank and Lizzie Flagler directors for
the first year. This made her legally capable of suing
and being sued, owning property and entering into large
business negotiations, and gave her a much desired legal
standing.
That love for one, from which there doth not spring
Wide love for all, is but a worthless thing."
CHAPTER XI
GRAND OFFICERS
OFFICERS of ALPHA Chapter from 1867 to 1884 were
the Grand Officers of the entire organization :
1867. President, Emma Brownlee (Mrs. J. C. Kil-
gore) ; Secretary, Nannie Black (Mrs. Robert Wallace) ;
Treasurer, Maggie Campbell (Mrs. J. R. Hughes).
1868. President, Ada Bruen (Mrs. James A. Grier) ;
Secretary, Jennie Home (Mrs. Thomas B. Turnbull).
1870. President, Libbie Brook (Mrs. John H. Gad-
dis).
1872. President, Louise Carrithers (Mrs. J. H. Mor-
rison) ; Secretary, Emma Madden; Recording Secre-
tary, Mary Sterrett.
1878. President, Emma Patton (Mrs. C. M. Noble),
Iowa Beta.
1880. President, Lillie Cooper (Mrs. W. H. Weber) ;
Secretaries, lola Hoover (Mrs. Melville Loftin), Laura
Light (Mrs. Charles Vance).
1882. President, Cora Panabaker; Secretary, Celia
Hefter.
1884. President, Nell Custer (Mrs. S. A. Swisher) ;
Secretary, Elva Plank, of Bloomfield, Iowa.
Elected at convention, and to serve during the interim
of conventions, and at the following convention :
169
170 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
1884. Grand I. R., Nell Ouster (Swisher), Iowa
Zeta; Grand Scribe, Emma Livingston (Wing), Illi-
nois Beta; Grand Quaestor, Jean Oliver (Humphrey),
Kansas Alpha.
1885. G. I. R,, Rainie Adamson (Small), Illinois
Beta; G. R. S., Elva Plank, Iowa Epsilon (Bloomfield) ;
Grand Scribe, Belle ReQua-Leech, Iowa Alpha (Semi-
nary) ; Grand Quaestor, Julia Ferris (Hubbs), Illinois
Gamma (Carthage).
1886. G. I. R., Rainie Adamson-Small, Illinois Beta;
G. R. S., Elva Plank (Bloomfield) ; Grand Scribe, Belle
ReQua-Leech, Mt. Pleasant Seminary; Grand Quaestor,
Lizzie Flagler, Iowa Theta (Ottumwa).
1888. G. I. R., Rainie Adamson-Small, Illinois Beta ;
G. R. S., Emma Harper Turner, Indiana Alpha ; Grand
Scribe, Lizzie Flagler, Iowa Theta; Grand Quaestor,
Elva Plank (Bloomfield).
1890. Grand President, Emma Harper Turner, Co-
lumbia Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Minnie H.
Newby (Ricketts), Michigan Beta; Grand Secretary,
Sude Weaver (Evans), Iowa Epsilon (Callanan) ;
Grand Treasurer, Georgiana Rowland, Colorado Alpha;
Grand Historian, Rainie Adamson-Small, Illinois Beta;
Grand Guide, Helen Sutliff, Kansas Alpha.
1892. Grand President, Emma Harper Turner, Co-
lumbia Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Mira Troth,
Iowa Zeta; Grand Secretary, Minnie H. Newby
(Ricketts), Michigan Beta; Grand Treasurer, Helen
Sutliff, Kansas Alpha ; Grand Historian, May Copeland
(Reynolds) (Drybread), Michigan Alpha; Granl Guide,
Elizabeth Flagler, Iowa Theta.
GRAND OFFICERS 171
1893. Grand President, Helen B. Sutliff, Kansas
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Corinne Super-Stine,
Ohio Alpha; Grand Secretary, Grace Lass (Sisson), Il-
linois Delta; Grand Treasurer, Lucinda Smith (Bu-
chan), Kansas Alpha; Grand Historian, Olive Mc-
Henry, Iowa Alpha ; Grand Guide, Edna A. Clark, Co-
lumbia Alpha.
1895. Grand President, Grace Lass (Sisson), Illinois
Delta; Grand Vice-President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colo-
rado Alpha; Grand Secretary, Florence P. Chase
(Cass), Michigan Alpha; Grand Treasurer, Lucinda
Smith (Buchan), Kansas Alpha; Grand Guide, Edith
Ingersoll, Colorado Beta ; Historian, Susan Lewis, Mich-
igan Beta.
1897. Grand President, Grace Lass-Sisson, Illinois
Delta; Grand Vice-President, Grace Grosvenor (Shep-
ard), Ohio Alpha; Grand Secretary, Ethel B. Allen
(Hamilton), Kansas Alpha; Grand Treasurer, Lucinda
Smith (Buchan), Kansas Alpha; Grand Guide, Char-
lotte Allen-Farnsworth, Colorado Alpha; Historian,
Susan Lewis, Michigan Beta.
1899. Grand President, Elsie Bradford (Johnson),
Columbia Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Elizabeth
Gamble, Colorado Alpha; Grand Secretary, Mary Bar-
tol (Theiss), Pennsylvania Beta; Grand Treasurer, Ida
G. Smith (Griffith), Kansas Alpha; Arrow Editor,
Florence Porter Robinson, Wisconsin Alpha ; Historian,
Susan Lewis, Michigan Beta.
1901. Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Fanny K. Read (Cook),
Michigan Beta; Grand Secretary, Mary Bartol, Penn-
172 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
sylvania Beta; Grand Treasurer, Martha N. Kimball,
Colorado Beta; Arrow Editor, Florence Porter Robin-
son, Wisconsin Alpha; Historian, Susan Lewis, Mich-
igan Beta.
1904. Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado
Alpha; Grand Yice-President, May Copeland-Reynolds
(Drybread), Michigan Alpha; Grand Secretary, Mary
Bartol-Theiss, Pennsylvania Beta; Grand Treasurer,
Martha N. Kimball, Colorado Beta; Arrow Editor,
Florence Porter Robinson, Winconsin Alpha ; Historian,
Susan Lewis, Michigan Beta.
1906. Grand President, Elizabeth Gamble, Colorado
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, May Copeland-Reynolds
(Drybread), Michigan Alpha; Grand Secretary, Elda
L. Smith, Illinois Epsilon; Grand Treasurer, Martha
N. Kimball, Colorado Beta; Arrow Editor, Florence
Porter Robinson, Wisconsin Alpha; Historian, Jean-
nette Zeppenfeld, Indiana Alpha.
1908. Grand President, May Lansfield Keller, Mary-
land Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Cora Emilie Mar-
low (Kerns), Minnesota Alpha; Grand Secretary, Elda
L. Smith, Illinois Epsilon; Grand Treasurer, Celeste
Bush Janvier, Louisiana Alpha; Arrow Editor, Mary
Bartol-Theiss, Pennsylvania Beta; Alumnae Editor,
Sarah G. Pomeroy (Rugg), Massachusetts Alpha; His-
torian, Jeannette Zeppenfeld, Indiana Alpha.
1910. Grand President, May L. Keller, Maryland
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Anna Jackson-Branson,
Pennsylvania Alpha; Grand Secretary, Julia E. Rog-
ers, Iowa Zeta; Grand Treasurer, Celeste B. Janvier,
Louisiana Alpha; Arrow Editor, Mary Bartol-Theiss,
GRAND OFFICERS 173
Pennsylvania Beta; Alumnae Editor, Sophie P. Wood-
man, New York Beta; Historian, Kate King-Bostwick,
Michigan Alpha.
1912. Grand President, May L. Keller, Maryland
Alpha; Grand Vice-President, Lida Burkhard-Lardner,
Colorado Beta; Grand Secretary, Amy B. Onken, Illi-
nois Epsilon; Grand Treasurer, Anne Stuart, Nebraska
Beta; Arrow Editor, Sarah G. Pomeroy (Rugg), Mass-
achusetts Alpha; Alumnae Editor, Sophie P. Woodman,
New York Beta; Historian, Elizabeth Clarke-Helmick,
Michigan Alpha.
" The pleasant est things in the world are pleasant
thoughts, and the great art in life is to have as many of
them as possible." BOVEE.
Missouri Alpha.
CHAPTER XII
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE
IN August, 1882, Mrs. Belle ReQua-Leech, of Mt.
Pleasant, began agitating the subject of a Fraternity
magazine; at the Burlington Convention of I. C., in
the following October, this subject was first brought of-
ficially before the Convention, and it was then voted
" to publish when funds would permit, a magazine de-
voted to literary purposes, and the interests of the soci-
ety, " and to obtain " all the information possible con-
cerning the condition of the different chapters in each
state." A motion to make it a monthly magazine was
withdrawn from the Convention after a lively discus-
sion. While this legislation was enacted and is embod-
ied in the official records of the Convention, nothing was
done about the matter until the next Convention, at
Iowa City. On November 20, 1884, the Chair appointed
Jean Oliver (Humprey), Kansas Alpha, Jennie B. Con-
ger, Illinois Beta, and Emma White ( Shellenberger) ,
Iowa Zeta, a committee on Fraternity magazine. Upon
receiving their report the following day, it was voted
to make the magazine a quarterly, and again a similar
motion to the above was put before Convention, with the
addition " that a committee be appointed to arrange for
the publication of the magazine." This motion was en-
thusiastically carried, and the Chair appointed Mary
177
178 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
E. Miller '(Barnes), of Lawrence, Kansas, and Mrs.
Estella Walter-Ball, of Iowa City, with the additions of
the G. I. R. Nell Ouster (Swisher), of Iowa City, and
Scribe Emma Livingston (Wing), of Lombard College,
as the first Magazine Committee, and under date of May,
1885, appears " Volume I, Number 1, of the Arrow, the
official organ of Pi Beta Phi." It came off the press
of Foley's Water Power Printing Establishment, Law-
rence, Kansas, under the able management of Kansas
Alpha, with Mary E. Miller (Barnes) editor-in-chief,
Mary G. Gilmore (Allen) and Nettie Hubbard (Bolles),
of Lawrence, associate editors, and Sue Miles (Kinsey),
of Kansas Alpha, as business manager. Its cover is
blue; and enclosed in a rectangle 4 x 7, at the top, is
k< ' THE ARROW ' ' in large letters ; in the center is a mys-
tic design, upon a pedestal a burning lamp, shedding
its brilliant rays of light, in which can be seen the sign
I. C. ; hanging from the lamp is our Arrow; at the
back of the pedestal is a strong chest, bearing the in-
scription IIB<, and back of the chest an ancient shield
.and crossed spears. It is interesting to note that fifteen
associate editors, one from each active chapter, aided
in getting out the twenty pages of this first number.
Our Founding Song, by Ethel Beecher Allen (Hamil-
ton), of Kansas Alpha, occupies the first page of the
literary matter, and a little over one page is given to
the report of the Iowa City Convention of 1884. A
page on " Public Opinion/' from the pen of Idelleta
Dunn (Kruger), " The Genesis of Kappa " (Kansas
Alpha), by Sara Richardson, of Lawrence, giving a val-
uable and interesting account of the methods used in
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 179
establishing our early chapters, two pages of editorials,
two pages of personals, thirteen chapter letters, and a
poem by Alma Devore (Miles), of Illinois Beta, com-
pletes the number, and it is one that we are proud of
to-day thirty years after. On the second page, under
the title, The Arrow, is this message :
Its mission is to cheer and bless
Where'er its lot be cast,
And come what may of weal or woe,
Be faithful to the last."
The price of subscription was one dollar in advance.
There are no advertisements nor illustrations.
No. 2 of Volume I is not extant as far as known, also
No. 1, of Volume II, but the second number of Volume
II, and all the succeeding numbers up to the present
time, are among the Historian's files. This second vol-
ume has a light blue cover, with wine-colored bands and
fancy conventional designs, and on the outside cover,
the words, " The Arrow, February, 1886," in gold. On
the second page of the cover is shown the table of con-
tents. Josephine March (Marvin) is literary and ex-
change editor, Mary G. Gilmore (Allen), chapter letters
and personals editor, and Clara Poehler (Means) is bus-
iness manager, while the editorial board consists of
Josephine March (Marvin), editor-in-chief, Ethel B.
Allen (Hamilton), literary editor, Mary Gilmore
(Allen), corresponding editor, with eighteen associate
editors, or one from each active chapter. There are
thirty-five pages of reading matter and one advertise-
ment. It is noticed on the frontispiece page that the
180 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
legend reads, " The Arrow, official organ of I. C. Soro-
sis, Pi Beta Phi/' The first two pages are given to a
11 Convention Ode/ 7 written by Ethel B. Allen (Ham-
ilton), of Kansas Alpha. The words of the chorus
are:
" Hail to thee, our old I. C.,
We hail thee with the charm Pi Beta Phi,
No other earthly passion e'er can vie
With the love we sisters have for old I. C.
Come wine and garnet and the blue,
The hues that sweetly tell
Of pure love warm and passion deep,
That binds us in their spell;
'Twas Cupid mingled them for ua
When, wounded by our dart,
He stole his mother's cestus blue
To bind his bleeding heart."
Four pages are given to the Lawrence Convention notes,
two pages to the report of the Grand Illustra Regina,
eight pages to the reports of delegates from fourteen
chapters, three pages to (i Convention Hilarities," in
which the " cookie shine " played a prominent part,
four pages to editorials, six pages to personals, with
three pages given to " Parthian Shafts," corresponding
to our present Exchanges, and one page of advertise-
ments on the inside of the back cover.
In 1886, by a vote of the Convention, " the Arrow
representative was given the same privileges and rights
as the other delegates," also it was voted that the " ex-
pense of supporting our magazine be distributed among
the chapters in proportion to the number of active mem-
bers in each; " also it was voted that " each chapter
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 181
shall elect a regular correspondent to the Arrow. " The
business manager reported $180 turned in, against $149
paid out. Here, early in her life, Kansas Alpha demon-
strated her ability and power to overcome great obsta-
cles, and grasped that first opportunity given her to
establish a high ranking position in the Fraternity's
welfare. Her succeeding editor pays her the following
tribute : * * Too much cannot be said in praise of our
Lawrence sisters for the ability and success with which
they have conducted the Arrow in the past two years.
Amid hindrances and delays most aggravating, lack of
financial support, and especially the countless difficulties
of the beginning of such work, they have succeeded in
producing a really valuable magazine which ranks well
with other publications of like nature."
With Volume HI, No. 1, December, 1886, the Arrow
passed from the hands of Kansas Alpha to the Iowa City
chapters. It was now printed on the press of the Re-
publican Print, of Iowa City. The covers were a plain
light blue, with " The Arrow " and the date across the
front. The editorial staff consists of Mrs. Emma Hum-
phrey-Haddock, LL. B., editor-in-chief, Lillie M. Selby
(Moor) and Gertrude Dawley, associate editors, and
Hattie E. Cochran (Robinson) (Dayton), business man-
ager, all of Iowa City.
With Volume IV, No. 1, December, 1887, the editorial
staff changes to Belle T. Hudson (Cartwright), editor-
in-chief, and Addie I. Dickey (Tuthill) and Eva Elliott
(Mahler), associate editors. On February 8, 1888, Hat-
tie Cochran, the able business manager, changed her
name to Mrs. E. Edwin Robinson. Under these bright
182 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and progressive minds the Arrow grew better with
each number. Therefore at the Ottumwa Convention,
in 1888, it was voted to continue the publication with
the Iowa City chapters. There is, however, a very
noticeable change in the appearance of the Arrow.
With Volume V, No. 1, the pages are slightly larger,
and the type has been changed to a larger style. Eg-
bert, Fidlar & Chambers, of Davenport, Iowa, are the
publishers. The title-page, on light chocolate colored
paper, shows for the first time our familiar Pi Beta Phi
scroll, pierced by the Arrow with its winged IIB<, and
above the monogram <|? shedding its rays and light upon
the manuscript resting on an olive branch. In full-face
type below is printed the name THE ARROW, and date.
The editorial staff consists of Ella M. Ham (Robinson),
editor-in-chief, Mira Troth and Eva M. Elliott (Mah-
ler), associate editors, Carrie Dorr (Elliott), exchange
editor, and Mrs. Robinson still business manager, with
seventeen chapter correspondents. The spirit and at-
mosphere of the Fraternity world of this period radi-
ates from every page of the bright volume. If a chap-
ter ever becomes discouraged, let it pull down this vol-
ume and read, and wake up to the realization that only
hard work and honest, faithful loyalty to the ideals of
the Fraternity will bring an overflowing abundance of
satisfactory results.
No. 1, Volume VI, September, 1889, published by the
same chapters, and in size and type the same, comes out
with a sligthly changed editorial staff. Mira Troth be-
comes editor-in-chief, Ella M. Ham (Robinson), business
manager, and the new members of the staff are Bessie
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 183
E. Peery and Cora Ross (Clarke), associate editors, and
Edna McElravy (Smalley-Kelly), exchange editor. In
the issue of March, 1890, No. 3 of Volume VI, Mrs. Rob-
inson takes the place of Cora Ross (Clarke) as one of
the associate editors. The June number contains the
Historical Sketch of Pi Beta Phi, prepared by Helen
Sutliff, Kansas Alpha, for the Eleventh Grand Alpha.
In March, 1891, Volume VII, No. 3, the editorial
staff is cut down to the editor-in-chief, Mira Troth, and
Ella M. Ham (Robinson). These Arrows, under the
management of the Iowa City chapters, show brilliancy
of mind and good business ability.
The Arrow at this time has just double the pages of
the first issue, and a liberal amount of advertisements.
Volume VIII reverts to the old size and small type,
with the same editors in charge. Advertisements ap-
pear both before and after the body matter of the mag-
azine. There is no No. 4 to Volume VIII.
In 1892, the Convention at Lawrence voted to trans-
fer the publication of the Arrow from Iowa City to Ann
Arbor, Michigan Beta, at the University of Michigan,
and thus terminated the very successful and satisfactory
business career of our Arrow with the enterprising Iowa
chapters. This covered the most critical period of the
Fraternity's life, and the Arrow at these crucial mo-
ments proved a support and strength to the organiza-
tion. The chapter letters of those days are well worth
reading over again to-day.
The new editorial board at Ann Arbor was made up
of Mary B. Thompson (Reid) as editor-in-chief, Flor-
ence E. Wolfenden as business manager, and the print-
184 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ing was done by the Register Publishing Company, of
Ann Arbor. No. 1 of Volume IX has the first illustra-
tion ever printed in the Arrow. It is a full-page pic-
ture of H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College for
women at New Orleans, rear view, showing the labor-
atory. This number also inaugurated the " What a
Fraternity Girl Thinks " department of the Arrow.
Volume X, No. 1, Mrs. Lucy Parker-Huber takes the
business management, and Mary Clark Bancker, of Ox-
ford, Ohio, becomes alumnae editor. Again, the follow-
ing year, in October, 1894, there is a change, and Mary
Thompson (Reid) takes up the duties of editor-in-chief
and Miriam Dunbar assumes the business management.
A very valuable feature introduced and developed by
the Michigan Beta management was the illustrations.
In No. 4 of this volume, we find the first group of active
Pi Phis the Pennsylvania Beta girls. The Michigan
Beta influence was felt strongly during her term of of-
fice. She had excellent material, both active and
alumnae, and the fine spirit and progressive methods
and untiring efforts kept the Arrow well to the front
in the fraternity magazine world.
In 1895, the publication was transferred to Pennsyl-
vania Alpha, at Swarthmore College. The Inland
Press, of Ann Arbor, ran off Volume XII, No. 1, with
Lauretta T. Smedley (Button) as editor-in-chief and
Sarah Bancroft (Clark) as business manager. Before
the time for issuing the second number, however, cir-
cumstances made it seem best to transfer the Arrow's
home to Wisconsin Alpha, at the University of Wiscon-
sin, at Madison. Jessie C. Craig (Campbell) took up
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 185
the pen of the editor-in-chief and Alice B. Dacy (Ber-
genthal) the responsibilities of business manager, with
Tracy Gibbs & Co., of Madison, doing the printing.
The covers and style of the magazine remained practi-
cally unchanged.
With the first number of Volume XIII, November,
1896, there is quite a noticeable change in the appear-
ance of the magazine. An elaborate scroll design in
black and white adorns the outside title-page, the type
and pages are slightly larger, and illustrations are
numerous. Florence Porter Robinson, as exchange edi-
tor, makes her maiden bow, and the pages of reading
matter are increased. Emma S. Hutchinson (Conrow),
Pennsylvania Alpha, was alumna? editor during 1897-
1899.
At the Convention of 1897, at Madison, Wisconsin,
the Fraternity voted to gurantee the Arrow Editor $100
a year as compensation, and also " that an advisory
board of three members be appointed by the Arrow
Editor to consult with her regarding Arrow work."
This latter legislation was quickly carried into effect.
With the October, 1897, Volume XIV, No. 1, issue,
the business management passes to the able hands of
Gertrude Clark-Sober (Church), Michigan Beta, and
Miss Robinson becomes editor-in-chief, with Emma S.
Hutchinson (Conrow), Pennsylvania Alpha, as alumnae
editor, Alice Pierce (Sylvester), Michigan Beta, for
College News, and Fanny K. Read (Cook), Michigan
Beta, for Alumna? Personals. The second number of
this volume contains interesting sketches of the lives of
seven of the early Arrow Editors, with their pictures.
186 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
The fourth number of this volume shows the picture of
five of our Founders, and the first attempt to recount
early Pi Phi history by them is made. Many valuable
articles are to be found in this volume. The printing,
done by the Democrat Printing Co., of Madison, and
the illustrations, the work of Boardman Engraving Co.,
of Milwaukee, reflect great credit upon the efforts of
the officers in charge.
Few changes are found in Volume XV. The tone and
strength are well kept up, and the Greek letters are
introduced in the print.
Volume XVI, November, 1899, comes out with a new
cover, the work of Miriam Prindle (Waller), of Illinois
Epsilon. It represents a deep bed of carnations under
the title " The ARROW of Pi Beta Phi " in very heavy
full-face type, and below, immediately under the car-
nations, are the words, " The official publication of Pi
Beta Phi Fraternity," with I. C. in the left-hand cor-
ner, in monogram, and nB< in the right-hand corner,
each within a wreath, the Arrow, with nB< upon its
wings, in the center. The editorial board continues
with Miss Robinson as editor-in-chief, Mrs. Sober as
business manager, and Iva A. Welsh acting editor dur-
ing Miss Robinson's absence abroad, also assuming the
duties of alumnae editor. This is an inspiring volume.
The circulation of the Arrow at this time was 750. At
the Boulder Convention, in 1899, the editor was made
a member of the Grand Council, with all the rights and
privileges of a Grand Officer in convention.
A new cover greets you in No. 1, Volume XVIII,
showing a scroll or vine design up and down the left
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 187
side of the page, to which, in after numbers, is added
the insignia of the Fraternity. Wisconsin continues to
publish the magazine under the able management of
Miss Robinson.
The July, 1902, number contains the group pictures
of twenty active chapters.
Volume XX, No. 1, blossoms out with still another
cover, the plainest of all our covers, a solid cadet blue,
or gray paper, with the words " The Arrow of Pi Beta
Phi " in gold across the face. It made a neat cover,
and held good until April, 1906.
Under the Wisconsin Chapter's management the illus-
trations became a feature of the magazine which has
been carried on ever since. In July, 1904, Volume XX,
No. 4, we find the group pictures of twenty-six active
chapters.
No. 3, of Volume XXII, bears a cover design by
Charlotte E. Shepard (Field), of Michigan Alpha. In
the center of the title-page a shield is divided diago-
nally through the center by a band of black, bearing
the Arrow. In the upper left-hand division is I. C., in
the right-hand lower section is IIB^> above the shield in
a plain panel space is " The Arrow," and below, under
the shield, " of Pi Beta Phi."
Iva A. Welch, Wisconsin Alpha, was Arrow alumnae
editor from January, 1901, to April, 1906.
Miss Robinson moved from Madison to Milwaukee in
the Autumn of 1902, keeping the printing of the Ar-
row still in Madison, but in November, 1907, when she
moved to Denver, we find the Arrow entered at the
Denver post office.
188 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Ethel R. Curryer, Indiana Gamma, was Arrow
Alumnae editor from April, 1906, to January, 1908.
Volume XXIV, November, 1907, is clothed in the
cover familiar to us to-day, the design of Esther Fay
Shover, Indiana Gamma. A narrow band of carnations
forms a border, while in the lower half a triangular
design of carnations encloses the emblem the Arrow.
It is an artistic design, and has greeted thousands of
eager Pi Phis during the past eight years.
No. 2 of Volume XXIV closed Miss Robinson's con-
nection with the Arrow, and ended a brilliant editor-
ship of over ten years. " During this period, the Ar-
row was self-supporting. In 1896 there were printed
for each issue barely 550 copies ; for the issue of Janu-
ary, 1908, there were required 2,200 copies." Her last
issue contained over one hundred pages of reading mat-
ter of vital interest to our Fraternity people. Her bril-
liant editorials and reviews, sparkling with clear-cut
wisdom and subtle humor, made the magazine a joy to
its readers aside from its worth as a Fraternity organ.
" Miss Robinson's personality, to a large extent, domi-
nated the magazine, both inspirationally and practically.
Many customs, long since regarded as characteristic
of the Arrow, owe their inception to her wise plan-
ning. "
On January 2, 1908, at the New Orleans Convention,
it was voted " that a secret number of the Arrow be
printed annually, which shall publish the minutes and
reports of Convention, the annual chapter reports of
the Grand Secretary, and any other information for the
use of the Fraternity," as an extra number of the Ar-
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 189
row. This number was published as an after-convention
issue in 1908, 1910, and 1912.
In April, 1908, Volume XXIV, No. 3, the Arrow was
edited by Mary Bartol-Theiss, and Sarah G. Pom-
eroy (Rugg), who was elected at the New Orleans Con-
vention, became alumnae editor. This number was pub-
lished from 64 West 109th Street, New York, and from
July, 1908, to November, 1909, from the Mason-Henry
Press, Syracuse, New York. With the November, 1909,
number the publishing is transferred to George Banta,
Manasha, Wisconsin, the official printer and publisher
to the Fraternity to date. At the Swarthmore Conven-
tion, 1910, Sophie P. Woodman was appointed alumnae
editor
The number of pages of reading matter doubles
under Mrs. Theiss' management during the first year,
and triples during the last, with a circulation of nearly
four thousand copies, making the Arrow one of the larg-
est fraternity magazines. The high standard established
by Miss Robinson was ably maintained by Mrs. Theiss,
and the fact that illness, due to overwork, forced her
resignation and retirement in November, 1911, is evi-
dence that she gave of her very life's strength to this
work. " As President of Alpha Province, Grand Sec-
retary, Cataloguer, Compiler of the Song Book, and
finally as Editor of the Arrow, Mary Bartol-Theiss has
proved herself at all times strong, reliable, and ever
alert to the best interests of Pi Beta Phi."
Sophie P. Woodman, New York Beta, was elected
alumnae editor at the Swarthmore Convention, in June,
1910, upon the resignation of Sarah Pomeroy (Rugg).
190 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
In 1900 the Alumnae Council petitioned the Grand
Council that the Arrow be furnished the alumnae at a
reduced rate, and the price was fixed at twenty-five
cents a year, or $5.00 life subscription. This resulted
in quadrupling the alumnae subscriptions, but at an
actual money loss to the Fraternity. In 1913 the price
was fixed at $1.00 a year to every one, or $10 for life
subscription. Since January 1, 1908, the initiation fee
has included life subscription to the Arrow.
With the January, 1912, No. 2, Volume XXVIII,
Sarah G. Pomeroy (Rugg) assumes the responsibilities
of editorship to fill out Mrs. Theiss' unexpired term.
At the Evanston Convention, in 1912, she was elected
to the editorship of the Arrow. In September, 1912, a
private Bulletin was authorized between the four issues
of the Arrow, and four such issues have been sent out
each year. They contain announcements, instructions
and notes of a private nature.
In 1913, the date for issuing the fourth number of the
Arrow was changed from July to June. In June, 1913,
the Grand Council voted that the first issue of each vol-
ume of the Arrow be secret. This number is a full-sized
Arrow, devoted to the reports of Grand Officers, stand-
ing committees and intimate working and development
of the Fraternity. Under Mrs. Rugg's experienced
editorship each number of the Arrow has given its read-
ers something of interest to the general public and the
welfare of women; its scope has been broadened, and
articles and illustrations of Greek sisters have been in-
troduced to our readers.
To-day the Arrow goes to every state in the Union
/
THE FRATERNITY MAGAZINE 191
except one, and to all our continental possessions; to
Canada, England, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Bra-
zil, Argentina, Chili, China and India. The promise
made in No. 1, Volume I, that " like new wine, the older
it grows the better it will become," has been fulfilled in
the present-day numbers of this official organ of our
Fraternity.
All are needed by each one;
Nothing is fair or good alone."
EMERSON.
CHAPTER XIII
CATALOGUE AND CALENDARS
THE first mention of a catalogue for the Fraternity
was in 1880, at the Mt. Pleasant Convention, when Iota
Chapter, at Lombard College, was instructed to gather
material for a Fraternity catalogue. At this Conven-
tion, it was also ordered that * ' Alpha Grand, or Lambda
Chapter (Simpson) shall keep a general register of all
chapters; " and that " each chapter shall keep a regis-
ter of all its members."
The first general catalogue to be published was in the
Arrow for September, 1887. It covered twenty pages of
the magazine and contained the names and addresses of
nine hundred and seventy members, belonging to twenty
active chapters, but gives no record of the members of
of the seventeen dead chapters.
In the Arrow of December, 1887, there appeared the
first supplement to the catalogue, with thirty-eight
added names. It was the policy for a number of years
after this to print in the Arrow each year the additional
names and addresses, and under the supervision of the
Arrow editors (Iowa Zeta and Kappa) the material for
a permanent catalogue was being collected.
At the Convention of 1890, a committee composed of
Iowa Theta, Iowa Iota, and Ohio Alpha, with Corinne
Super (Stine), of Ohio Alpha, as chairman, was named
195
196 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
by the Convention and instructed to publish a catalogue.
The first report of this committee, in 1892, at the Law-
rence Convention, included a complete catalogue in
manuscript of all active members, and a statement that
the work of gathering a list of non-active and alumna?
membership was progressing slowly but satisfactorily.
Miss Super was continued as chairman of the committee
on catalogue, with Helen Maxwell, of Colorado Alpha,
and Ida Von Hon, of Iowa Zeta, as assistants.
Interest in working up a complete catalogue of all
persons ever initiated into Pi Phi was spread through
the efforts of this enthusiastic committee and the Arrow
<3olumns, and the chapters came to the assistance of the
committee with their own chapter catalogues carefully
compiled.
Kansas Alpha and Iowa Zeta were the first chapters
to complete this work, which was published in the Ar-
row of April, 1894, and proved a great incentive to the
other chapters and of great help to the difficult task of
ihe catalogue committee. The custom was established
at this time, and kept up to include 1901, of publishing
in the July Arrow by chapters, each year, the names of
all active members during the previous year. The July,
1896, Arrow contains a complete list of the active mem-
bership of the Fraternity at that time.
In 1898, Michigan Alpha published the first inde-
pendent chapter catalogue of active and alumna? mem-
bers.
While this research work had been carried on un-
ceasingly since 1880, it was not until 1901, when Flor-
ence Chase-Cass, of Michigan Alpha, a professional cat-
CATALOGUE AND CALENDARS 197
aloguer, was appointed Fraternity Catalogue Secretary,
that our first catalogue, under its own cover, was
printed. This was presented at the Syracuse Conven-
tion, and a systematic card index installed for future
reference and corrections. There were about eleven
thousand entries on these cards, and the work involved
an enormous amount of time and strength. The cata-
logue has two hundred and three pages, and contains
twenty-nine hundred names, with addresses, college,
chapter, date of initiation, date of graduation, degrees,
and name of husband, and brings the record down to
March, 1901.
The office of Fraternity Cataloguer was instituted at
the Syracuse Convention, and Mrs. Cass was appointed
the first cataloguer of the Fraternity with a salary. She
could not accept the position, however, and Mary Bar-
tol (Theiss), Pennsylvania Beta, was named in her
stead. No more capable and careful person in the Fra-
ternity could have been found to continue the untiring
and persistent efforts of Mrs. Cass than Mary Bartol,
as the results most admirably show. From 1901 to
1908 these records were kept to the satisfaction of
every one.
In 1902, Mary Bartol (Theiss) published the First
Annual Supplement to the First Catalogue, under sep-
arate cover, and a copy was forwarded to each owner
of a catalogue. In 1903, the Second Annual Supple-
ment was published, and in 1904 the Third Annual
Supplement brought the Fraternity list to date.
In June, 1906, Mary Bartol, who had now become
Mrs. Lewis E. Theiss, had published the second edition
198 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
of the Official Catalogue. It contains the full enroll-
ment of each chapter, active and inactive, a detailed al-
phabetical enrollment of the entire membership of the
Fraternity, a geographical index showing the present
home of every member, a list by chapters of those no
longer living, and a table of relationships. Every mem-
ber is enrolled at least three times. The volume of 364
pages, contains the records of 4,181 members of forty-
nine chapters, and shows an immense amount of skilled
and painstaking work. Price seventy-five cents.
To this second edition, a First Annual Supplement
was compiled and added by Mrs. Theiss in 1907, and
a Second Supplement in 1908. Mrs. Theiss became ed-
itor of the Arrow with the April, 1908, number, and
while not officially carried on the records as cataloguer,
she performed the duties of the office until the appoint-
ment of her successor, Helen Schaeffer-Huff, of Pennsyl-
vania Gamma, in October, 1908.
In 1909, the Third Annual Supplement, with a new
list of " changed addresses " aranged alphabetically,
was completed by Mrs. Huff, and in June, 1910, a
Fourth Supplement was published, making the records
complete to that date.
The third and last edition of the Catalogue was issued
in September, 1911, by Kate McLaughlin-Bourne, of
Pennsylvania Beta, who was appointed by the Grand
President to succeed Mrs. Huff in this work. In the
preface she notes that " every available source of in-
formation has been exhausted " in getting the material
for this edition, and the five hundred and fifty-six pages
testify to the indefatigable efforts of Mrs. Bourne to
CATALOGUE AND CALENDARS 199
make this edition complete and accurate. The work is
divided into four parts : ( 1 ) a record of membership
by chapters, active and inactive; (2) alphabetical cata-
logue of members; (3) geographical index of members;
and (4) table of relationships. Six thousand, four hun-
dred and twenty-six names are recorded under the
chapter headings, covering the total initiations into
sixty chapters of Pi Beta Phi from 1867 to June 29,
1911. This volume forms the most valuable public doc-
ument of the Fraternity.
CALENDAR. The first Pi Beta Phi Calendar was pub-
lished in 1910, under the supervision of Roberta G.
Frye (Watt), of Maryland Alpha, and was so highly
appreciated and enjoyed that the next Convention at
Swarthmore, in June, 1910, voted to continue the an-
nual publication, and Anna F. T. Pettit (Broomell)
and Katherine Griest, of Pennsylvania Alpha, were ap-
pointed a committee to serve during the next two
years.
The calendar of 1911 was printed by Walter B. Jen-
kins, of Philadelphia, upon sixty-five sheets of deep
cream, heavy laid paper, in brown ink. The covers were
of heavy brown paper, with " Pi Beta Phi, 1911 " em-
bossed on it in gold. Each day of the year bore an
appropriate quotation, and the birthdays of the Found-
ers, Grand Council and active chapters were noted.
The 1912 Calendar, also printed by Mr. Jenkins, was
done in black and white, a page a week style, with quo-
tations for each day, but with the anniversaries left out.
Editorially, the Arrow says of this Calendar: " The
compilers have wandered far afield and have culled the
200 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
choicest blossoms from many literary gardens. If
' genius is a part of taking pains,' genius is here ex-
emplified. ' '
At the Evanston Convention in June, 1912, the cal-
endar committee was composed of Katherine Griest and
Deborah L. Ferrier, of Pennsylvania Alpha and Edith
Valet of New York Beta.
The Calendar for 1913, also printed by Mr. Jenkins,
proved to be the most popular ever gotten out by the
Fraternity. It resembles the former calendars in style,
with the addition of a bright and very attractive bor-
der of green and red, with the Fraternity flower in the
four corners. Here also we find the anniversaries of
the birthdays of the Fraternity, the Founders, the
Grand Council and chapters noted.
The 1914 Calendar was issued in the form of a page
a day pad, mounted upon heavy cardboard, with appro-
priate verses for each day and the birthday anniver-
saries noted. This calendar was not as popular as the
previous year's week-a-page, hanging style, and the fol-
lowing year the committee decided to return to the
former.
The 1915 Calendar is a duplicate of the 1913 Calen-
dar. It is bright and artistic to the eye and with ap-
propriate and pleasing daily quotations, and has grown
to be looked upon by the Fraternity as the Fraternity
Calendar.
These Calendars are daily inspirations to the readers,
and bring the alumnae in daily touch with the spirit of
Pi Beta Phi, and reflect great credit upon the compilers
and printer.
" A friend may well be reckoned the masterpiece of
Nature." EMERSON.
CHAPTER XIV
PI BETA PHI SONG BOOK
THE first Arrow, of May, 1885, contained Ethel Allen-
Hamilton's Founding Song, to the tune of Dearest May,
and frequently after songs appeared from time to time,
but no attempt was made to collect these in book form
until at the Lawrence Convention in 1892, when Mich-
igan Beta presented the Songs of Pi Beta Phi in pamph-
let form. The adoption of our " Ring Ching Ching "
at the same convention stimulated song and Fraternity
singing, and we find the pamphlet of '92 worn out and
exhausted by the time of the Boston Convention.
In 1895, a committee consisting of Mary Bartol
(Theiss), of Pennsylvania Beta, Viola Lukens, of In-
diana Alpha, and Elizabeth Smith, of Colorado Alpha,
were appointed to compile and publish a Fraternity
song book, which resulted in The Songs of Pi Beta Phi,
published January 1, 1899, by Mary Bartol. This book
contained one hundred and seventeen pages and seventy-
eight songs, and was printed by J. W. Pepper, of Phil-
adelphia.
The second edition of the song book was published
under the authority of the Grand Council, and edited
by Mary Bartol-Theiss in 1904. The presswork was
done by the Metropolitan Engraving, Lithographing &
Printing Company, Philadelphia, Pa. The book con-
203
204 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
tains one hundred and seventy-six 8x11 pages, and one
hundred and thirty songs, two waltzes and a two-step.
The present, or our third song book x was edited by
Alleyne Archibald, of Nebraska Beta, assisted by Lela
Howard, of Columbia Alpha, Anne Stuart, of Nebraska
Beta, Jessie Smith-Gaynor, of Iowa Zeta, and Mary E.
Shannon, of Arkansas Alpha, and is a joy and necessity
to the life of every chapter. The book contains one
hundred and seventy-six 9x12 pages, and one hundred
and sixty songs, and reflects great credit upon the com-
pilers and the Fraternity.
11 When the songs of Pi Beta Phi ring in our ears
and make us strong in our loyalty; when, at reunion
times, the enthusiasm of the active girls join with ours
of long years; when the stirring * Ring Ching Ching '
strikes the ever responsive chord in our natures, we are
stirred by the same kind of emotion and loyalty that
fills the breast of the soldier at the roll of the drum
and call to the flag."
" As love is the life of faith, so with the increase of
love faith increases. Even from man toward man, faith
and love grow together. The more we love the more we
understand, and the more we trust one another." DR.
PUSEY.
CHAPTER XV
SYMPHONY AND COAT - OF - ARMS
As a result of a competitive contest, the Convention
of 1910 voted to adopt the following, submitted by Abbie
"Williams-Burton, of Illinois Epsilon, as the Fraternity
Symphony :
" Whatsoever things are true,
Lovely, fair,
Beyond compare,
Pure as the Arrow's gold,
Sweet as wine carnations hold,
Honest, just, of worth untold
These hold ye, in honor due
Best to serve the name ye bear.
Wearers of the wine and blue,
Choose these in your hearts to wear."
The Fraternity has had these beautiful lines, lettered
in gold, upon a soft, cream-colored card, with an artis-
tically embossed design in wine and blue and gold, made
by hand, for appropriate reminders of anniversaries.
The Pi Beta Phi book plate upon the inside front
cover of this history is also the gift of an Illinois Epsilon
alumna, Edith Hammond, and was presented to
the Convention guests in 1912 from the entertaining
chapter at Northwestern University.
A PLAN for a coat-of-arms was submitted to and
207
208 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
adopted by the 1910 Convention at Swarthmore, Penn-
sylvania. These were submitted to an authority on her-
aldry, and were carried out as closely as possible in
making the coat-of-arms, adopted by the Grand Council
in February, 1912, and were copyrighted in March, 1912,
by the Fraternity in the name of Anna F. T. Pettitt
(Broomell), who had the work in charge.
The Pi Beta Phi coat-of-arms " consists of a lozenge
on which is blazoned the Brownlee crest, an eagle dis-
played. On the eagle's breast is blazoned the seal of
Monmouth College, a sun in splendor, with the word
* Lux ' in the center. The eagle holds in his right talon
the ( , and in his left the Arrow of Pi Beta Phi. The
lozenge signifies that the arm is that of a woman's or-
ganization; the eagle is the crest of the originators of
women's fraternities in general and Pi Beta Phi in
particular; the sun is the seal of the college in which
Pi Beta Phi had its first home, and the eagle by holding
the <^2 and the Pi Beta Phi Arrow shows the absolute
identity between the I. C. Sorosis and Pi Beta Phi Fra-
ternity. "
As the knights of old fought to glorify his family
arms, " so the symbols of the Pi Beta Phi coat-of-arms
should bring to the mind of every Pi Beta Phi a reali-
zation that this great Fraternity of ours is a heritage
from the past, that we who are proud to use its coat-of-
arms should be equally proud to uphold its ideals, for
which those noble women, our Founders, established the
first chapter at Monmouth College, and that our mod-
ern fraternalism should embody in it the chivalry of
the past."
" It is a good thing to be rich, and a good thing to be
strong, but it is a better thing to be beloved by many
friends." EURIPIDES.
CHAPTER XVI
THE " cookie shine " is strictly a Pi Beta Phi insti-
tution, and brings to mind many happy and merry
events in our lives, in the years of long ago. Our be-
loved Lucinda Smith-Buchan told us, in the January,
1902, Arrow, that " this characteristic feature of the
Fraternity had its origin in the Kansas Alpha Chapter,
back in the days when Chancellor Frazier was the Robin
Good Fellow of each and every student of the state
university. ' Cookie shine ' was his own individual
name for any kind of an informal social company
brought together by accident or design. "
On one occasion, in June, 1872, when a number of
the Lawrence girls were invited to the home of Flora
and Alma Richardson, to meet their sister Sara, a newly
initiated Pi Phi from Lombard College, " the good
Chancellor chanced to be present, and when the girls
began to lay their ' spread ' of good things known only
to college girls, the Chancellor dubbed the feast a
1 cookie shine/ The word so pleased the girls that
they immediately adopted it for their own, and from
that time on it became in Kansas Alpha sacred to the
use of the Pi Phi girls." From Kansas, it was carried
to other chapters, until " the term itself, and the occa-
sion for which it stands, has become so inseparable a
211
212 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
part of the social life of our Fraternity that it will al-
ways be held in unquestioned and loving regard by all
of us."
Mrs. Buchan writes that " the entire evening, with
its initiation ceremony, supper, and the following pro-
gram, whether composed of music, dancing, card games
or other diversions incident to the tastes and abilities
of those present, is spoken of as a ' cookie shine.' But
for a formal ' cookie shine,' it is the supper itself,
which has perhaps received the greatest amount of at-
tention from the greatest number of hands." " Spread
upon a long tablecloth (or sheet) on the floor, every-
thing from hot biscuits, veal loaf and chicken, through
a long line of scattered chips, olives, pickles, nuts, fruits
and cookies, to the most conventionally served ice-cream
and coffee."
But if there is only time to pass the word around that
there will be a " cookie shine " to-night or to-morrow
afternoon, * ' every one brings her own donation, with the
single injunction that nothing must be brought which
will call for napkins, or plates, knives, forks or spoons for
the serving of it. Then every one comes bearing a paper
parcel, or a small basket," and when the time arrives
for refreshments, the large tablecloth, or sheet, is spread
in the middle of the floor, and the contributions thrown
here and there upon it, and the girls sit on the floor,
Turk fashion, amid laughter, singing and merrymaking,
and time vanishes with the pickles and cake. One of
the beauties of the " cookie shine " is that, when the
party is over, the festive board is quickly cleared by
gathering up the four corners of the sheet or cloth, and
" THE COOKIE SHINE " 213
dispatching the fragments unceremoniously, leaving the
room as if by magic clear again.
" In fine weather, the ' cookie shine ' supper is often
spread on the grass. Very often some special features
of entertainment will be prepared for the ' cookie shine. '
These are usually conceived and executed by a few of
the girls, without the knowledge of the others, so that
there is always a greater or less air of expectancy.
Farces, either original or adapted to the chapter's use,
are a very popular feature of the programs, impersona-
tions of ridiculous characters, another. In the presen-
tation of these features much skill is often manifested
that before was unknown, or under-estimated, so that
these chance occasions not seldom prove to be of more
than transitory interest/'
For a number of years the " cookie shine " was a
regular convention stunt, " until at the Boston Con-
vention in 1895 there were but a few chapters unac-
quainted with the name and the * spread ' to which it is
given, and the memorable Boston * shine ' revealed its
mysteries to those still uninitiated. Though in general
the * cookie shine ' is the same, whether partaken of in
California or Boston, still there are many local differ-
' Those wlw bring sunshine to the lives of others,
cannot keep it from themselves." J. M. BARRIE.
CHAPTER XVII
FELLOWSHIPS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND LOAN FUNDS
THE editor of one of our men's journals once said
' ' It is not so much the men we take in that counts ; it
is the men we turn out." What the Fraternity helps
the girl to make of herself is what counts in her life,
and so Pi Beta Phi, in her effort to help develop the
best in the girl pledged to her ideals, has instituted, as
a tangible evidence of this policy, scholarships and loan
funds.
At the Nineteenth National Biennial Convention,
held in Indianapolis, in June, 1906, it was ordered
" that Pi Beta Phi establish scholarships not to exceed
$1,000 in total for the college year, such scholarships
to be open only to members of Pi Beta Phi; " also that
these scholarships be " two undergraduate scholarships
of $325 each, and one graduate scholarship of $350,"
such " scholarships for 1906-1907 to be placed at
Barnard College, but at the end of the first year the
awarding and places to be left to the discretion of the
Grand Council."
These were available immediately, and Aileen March
Weaver (Robinson), '06, of Kansas Alpha, was awarded
the graduate scholarship, and Mary Mathilda Wads-
worth, '09, of Nebraska Beta, one of the undergraduate
scholarships. Owing to the lack of competitors, the sec-
217
218 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ond undergraduate scholarship for 1906-1907 was not
awarded.
Mrs. Weaver-Robinson was born and reared in Law-
rence, Kansas, entering the State University in Septem-
ber, 1902. She was initiated into Pi Beta Phi on Octo-
ber 11 of the same year. In the Spring of 1906 she was
elected to Phi Beta Kappa, and in June gradua* d
with A. B.
Miss Wadsworth was born in Oregon, Illinois, but in
her childhood her parents moved to Council Bluffs,
Iowa, where she received her early education. In the
Fall of 1905, she entered the University of Nebraska,
and was also registered in the University School of
Music. She was initiated into Pi Beta Phi October 14,
1905, affiliating with New York Beta in the Fall of 1906.
The 1907-1908 graduate scholarship, under the same
conditions as 1906-1907, was awarded to Anna F. T.
Pettit (Broomell), of Pennsylvania Alpha. Mrs.
Broomell's early days were spent in the Friends' School
of Philadelphia. In 1889, she entered the Friends'
School of Philadelphia. In 1889, she entered the
Friends' Central School, from which she graduated in
June, 1904, and entered the sophomore class of Swarth-
more College the following Autumn. She was initiated
into Pi Beta Phi November 17, 1905. In June, 1907,
she was graduated with the degree of B. A., and upon
receiving the Pi Phi scholarship, she transferred to New
York Beta, entering Columbia University, and receiving
her degree of A. M. in 1908.
One undergraduate scholarship for the year 1908-1909
was awarded to Mary Badger Wilson, Columbia Alpha.
I
'S
-
s
o
I
FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 219
Miss Wilson entered George Washington University in
January, 1908, was initiated into Pi Beta Phi March 14,
1908, and attended Barnard the first semester, 1909.
Neither undergraduate scholarship for 1907-1908, nor
the graduate scholarship for 1908-1909, or second under-
graduate scholarship for the latter year, were competed
for, and at a meeting of the Grand Council, held in
New York during the Thanksgiving vacation, 1909, it
was decided to withdraw the scholarships for 1909-1910,
and to offer in their place one graduate fellowship with
the value of $500. This " fellowship to be open to any
member of Pi Beta Phi who has received her bachelor's
degree, and available for use in any university in this
country or Europe."
The desired result followed immediately; competition
was keen, and the same plan was followed for 1910-1911.
Imogen Cunningham, Washington Alpha, was the suc-
cessful competitor for the year 1909-1910, and Sarah G.
Pomeroy (Rugg), Massachusetts Alpha, for the year
1910-1911. This plan has been very satisfactory, and
" it is safe to say that the establishment of these schol-
arships and fellowships has brought Pi Phi prominently
before the Faculties of the leading universities and col-
leges " for the past six years, " and has directed atten-
tion to the fact that the Fraternity is awake to the value
of genuine scholarship. "
Imogen Cunningham was born in Portland, Oregon,
but at an early age moved to Seattle, Washington, where
she attended the public schools, graduating from the
Seattle High School in the class of 1903. She entered
the University in 1904, and was one of the charter mem-
220 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
bers of Washington Alpha, which was installed Janu-
ary 7, 1907. Upon her graduation in June, 1907, she
received the degree of B. A. She used the Pi Phi Fel-
lowship for work at the Technische Hochschule, Dresden,
from October, 1909, to July, 1910, under the great
photo chemist Luther.
Sarah Gertrude Pomeroy (Rugg), daughter of a New
England clergyman, was born in Fitchburg, Massachu-
setts, but received her early education in the public
schools of Boston and its suburbs, where she has lived
the greater part of her life. She completed her prep-
aration for college at Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham,
Mass. In the Autumn of 1902, Mrs. Rugg entered Bos-
ton University, and on December 13, the same year, was
initiated into Pi Beta Phi. In 1906, she graduated with
the degree of A. B., and three years later received the
degree of A. M. from her Alma Mater. As Pi Phi Fel-
low, she studied at the University of London, doing re-
search work in the Library of the British Museum.
The graduate fellowship for the year 1911-1912 was
awarded to Mildred W. Cochran, Columbia Alpha. Miss
Cochran was graduated from George Washington Uni-
versity in 1907 with the degree of B. S. She taught one
year in Limestone College, South Carolina, where she
had the chair of mathematics and science, and three
years at Grafton Hall, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Miss
Cochran studied English and biology for her master's
degree at Columbia University.
The 1912-1913 Pi Phi Fellowship was held by Eliz-
abeth Craighead, of Pennsylvania Gamma. Miss Craig-
head entered Dickinson College in the Autumn of 1898,
.2
o
o>
I
W
FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 221
graduating in June, 1901, with the degree of Ph. B. She
was initiated into Pi Beta Phi on June 4, 1904, and was
elected to Phi Beta Kappa in the Spring of 1901. She
taught for ten years, when she was awarded the Pi Beta
Phi Fellowship, and spent the summer of 1912 at Gre-
noble and the following winter in Paris and New York,
studying at the Sorbonne, the University of Paris, and
Columbia University.
The 1913-1914 fellowship was awarded to Mary Inez
Droke, daughter of Prof. G. W. Droke, of the University
of Arkansas. Miss Droke was born in Fayetteville,
where she has always lived. At the age of fourteen, she
entered the University of Arkansas, graduating in music
in 1907. She was a charter member of Arkansas Alpha
of Pi Beta Phi, which was installed December 29, 1909.
In the Autumn of 1908, when nineteen years old, she
accepted the position of head of the mathematics depart-
ment of the Fayetteville High School, and in 1911 re-
entered the University as a candidate for the degree of
B. A., which she received in June, 1913. She was a
member of Scull Club, an honor society of the Univer-
sity. In the summer of 1913, she travelled in Germany
and Switzerland, and in October went to Paris, enroll-
ing as a student of mathematics at the opening of the
Sorbonne.
For the first time in the founding of the fellowship,
it was deemed best to divide the 1914-1915 fellowship,
and it was awarded to Estaline Wilson, Missouri Alpha,
and Alleyne Archibald, Nebraska Beta.
Estaline Wilson was born in Warrensburg, Missouri,
finished the public and high school courses at fifteen,
222 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
and graduated from the Warrensburg State Normal two
years later. After teaching two years she entered the
State University, was initiated into Missouri Alpha Oc-
tober 9, 1909, and was graduated in 1911, taking the
A. B. degree, and B. S. in education. She was elected
to Pi Lambda Theta, an honorary fraternity.
Alleyne Archibald graduated from the School of
Music of the University of Nebraska in the class of 1902.
In September of the same year she entered the faculty
of this institution, continuing her study for five years.
In June, 1908, she was chosen by Henry Purmont Eames
to be his assistant in his Pianoforte Studios in Paris.
Her two years there were spent in further study, teach-
ing and concert work. She returned to America in
1910, and in September reentered the University School
of Music, Lincoln. Miss Archibald is the daughter of a
Baptist clergyman, has done most of her professional work
in the "West, and has steadily progressed in her profes-
sion, which gives her Fraternity just cause for pride.
Loan Fund. At the twenty-first Biennial Convention,
held in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, June 30, 1910, it was
voted " that an appropriation of $200 be made annu-
ally for two years for a Loan Fund, available to Pi
Beta Phi undergraduates." A committee appointed to
draw up regulations for governing the use and admin-
istration of the Loan Fund recommended that loans
" be made in any amount to the maximum of $100 to
any one person in any one year," with the understand-
ing that loans " be paid if possible within two years
after leaving college, with the privilege of renewal for
two year periods. " * * On the renewal of a loan one-half
FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 223
per cent, of its face value shall be charged, " and " in
the event of any loan remaining unpaid at the expira-
tion of two years after leaving college, interest at the
rate of two per cent, per annum shall be charged."
" In case of the death of the student to whom loans
were made, the loan lapsed/'
The disbursement of this fund was placed in the
hands of the Boston Alumn Club, and during the two
years of its administration, 1910-1912, $475 from the
Fraternity's treasury was devoted to helping Pi Phi
undergraduates.
At the Evanston Convention, on June 26, 1912, it
was voted " that a permanent Loan Fund of not less
than $200 per annum be established, the details of its
administration to be worked out by a committee ap-
pointed by the Grand President." Mrs. Mildred
Babcock-Babcock, Massachusetts Alpha, Elmira Wilson,
Iowa Gamma, and Jennie L. Rowell, Vermont Beta,
were named as the committee. The conditions remained
practically the same as the previous two years. Twenty-
one applications for loans were received during the
three years, for sums ranging from ten dollars to three
hundred dollars, thirteen of which were granted.
All loans made after June, 1912, when paid back,
will go into a permanent Loan Fund.
" The Loan Fund each year has been made use of
by girls who otherwise would have had to leave college,
so that it has more than justified the claim for the needs
of its establishment. The loans show a geographical
distribution of applicants from California to the At-
lantic coast."
:t Application is the price to be paid for mental ac-
quisition. To have the harvest we must sow the seed."
BATLEY.
CHAPTER XVIII
FRATERNITY EXAMINATIONS
EMMA HARPER TURNER must be made sponsor for our
wise, philosophical, after-Christmas bete noire, annual
Fraternity examinations.
After the Galesburg Convention in 1890, we had
among our standing committees, the Library Bureau,
which became the Literary Bureau after the Lawrence
Convention in 1892, and devoted its energies to out-
lining and developing a literary program in the chapter
meetings, and especially to the study of woman's work
and achievements. In 1893, some time shortly after that
memorable World's Fair Convention in Chicago, Miss
Turner, who had become the head of the National
Alumnae Association, suggested to the Grand Council
that the Fraternity make the study of our history its
literary work, and it was accordingly assigned to the
Literary Bureau.
Under the able management of Florence Chase (Cass),
of Michigan Alpha, chairman of the Literary Bureau
from 1893 to 1895, our first examination was held in
April, 1894, and proved so highly satisfactory and im-
portant to the right development of our members that
they were continued annually until 1899, when, at the
Boulder Convention, the Constitution was revised, mak-
227
228 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ing it one of the Province President's duties " to con-
duct an examination on the Fraternity Constitution
and Statutes, history and policy, and on parliamentary
law," to be taken by every chapter between December 1
and March 31, and the Literary Bureau Committee was
dispensed with.
At the Evanston Convention in 1912, the preparation
of these examinations was transferred to the hands of
a Committee on Fraternity Examinations, composed at
the present time of Edith L. Carpenter, Vermont Beta,
chairman, Louise de la Barre-Branasch, Minnesota Al-
pha, Mollie Brown- Worcester, Colorado Alpha, Grace
Fahenstock-Birmingham, Illinois Delta, and Nellie B.
Wallbank, Illinois Beta.
These examinations have been of incalculable benefit
to Pi Beta Phi, compelling the members to become fa-
miliar with the ideals, government and discipline of the
organization, helping them to the better and broader
understanding of what is expected of a fraternity mem-
ber.
Too often the fraternity girl's world is bounded by
the horizon of her own chapter, if left untrained, and
she fails to realize that she stands for a living example,
not alone of her own Greek organization, but all Greeks.
" What Pi Beta Phi means to each of us we cannot
express in words; what she is to us we can best show
in our daily acts, and in our kindness to those around
us. Our Fraternity is the secret stimulus which spurs
us ever onward to things that are ' noble, good and
true/ and the girl who has pledged herself to think only
on these things, feels the desire to be the embodiment
FRATERNITY EXAMINATIONS 229
of these noble qualities arising with such irresistible
force within her that her thoughts and actions are di-
rected toward the good of the Fraternity and her asso-
ciates."
" As gold more splendid from the fire appears,
So friendship brightens with the length of years."
MEANDER.
CHAPTER XIX
PAN- HELLENIC CONVENTIONS
IN response to the invitation of Kappa Kappa Gamma,
delegates from (1) Kappa Alpha Theta, (2) Kappa
Kappa Gamma, (3) Alpha Phi, (4) Delta Gamma, (5)
Gamma Phi Beta, (6) Delta Delta Delta and (7) Pi Beta
Phi met in Boston on April 15, 1891, to discuss methods
for the betterment of fraternity conditions in the differ-
ent colleges. This Convention elected Lucy Wight, Kappa
Kappa Gamma, president, Margaret Smith, Kappa Al-
pha Theta, vice-president, and Emma Harper Turner,
Pi Beta Phi, secretary. Into the hands of five commit-
tees the principal topics under discussion were placed
for submission to their respective fraternities. These
topics covered a combined effort to: (1) secure uniform-
ity of inter-fraternity courtesy, (2) cooperation in pur-
chasing fraternity jewelry and stationery, (3) Pan-
Hellenic plans for the World's Fair in Chicago, (4)
uniformity in dates of fraternity publications, and (5)
inter-chapter cooperation and etiquette. The Conven-
tion having no legislative power, it could recommend
only, which it did by bringing these five subjects before
their organizations. To keep alive this work, a stand-
ing committee composed of one representative from each
fraternity present, with Emma Harper Turner, Pi Beta
233
234 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Phi, as chairman, and Lucy Evelyn Wight, Kappa
Kappa Gamma, as secretary, was elected.
On the 16th, at a reception given by Phi Chapter of
Kappa Kappa Gamma, Mrs. Julia Ward Howe received
the guests, assisted by Miss Kingsburg and one delegate
from each fraternity of the Convention. This Conven-
tion will long be remembered for its delightful inter-
fraternity fellowship and cordial good will, and may be
considered the forerunner of our present-day Pan-
Hellenic Congress. (See Arrow, June, 1891.)
The Congress of Fraternities. During the Congress
of Fraternities, held in Chicago, during the World's
Columbian Fair, July 19 and 20, the morning session of
July 20 was devoted to women's college fraternities.
Mrs. Charles Henrotin delivered the address of welcome,
also addresses were delivered by representatives from
Kappa Kappa Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta, Delta Gamma,
Delta Delta Delta, Alpha Phi, and by Mrs. Gertrude
Boughton Blackwelder, of Pi Beta Phi. Mrs. Bough-
ton's paper was on the " Ethics of Fraternity," and it
was reprinted by several of the fraternity magazines
and highly complimented.
A social meeting of grand officers was held in the
afternoon, and a Pan-Hellenic reception was held in the
New York Building in the evening, which proved a de-
lightful Pan-Hellenic occasion. Pi Beta Phi had the
largest representation of any woman's fraternity at this
reception.
At the World's Fair, Pi Beta Phi was associated with
Kappa Alpha Theta, Delta Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta
and Delta Delta Delta in a Fraternity Booth in the Or-
PAN -HELLENIC CONVENTIONS 235
ganization Room of the Woman's Building, where a
resting-place for fraternity women was provided, and
also a register for the names of members.
While these meetings seemed to be filled with inter-
sorority enthusiasm, the time proved not ripe for the
permanent organization until years later.
The First Inter-Sorority Conference. In response to
an invitation from Mrs. Margaret Mason-Whitney, Na-
tional President of Alpha Phi, representatives of seven
national fraternities (Kappa Alpha Theta, Kappa
Kappa Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta, Delta Gamma, Delta
Delta Delta, Alpha Phi and Pi Beta Phi) met at Co-
lumbus Memorial Building, Chicago, on May 24, 1902,
for the purpose of forming a permanent Pan-Hellenic
organization. Mrs. Laura H. Newton, Kappa Alpha
Theta, was elected chairman, and Minnie Ruth Terry,
Alpha Phi, secretary. After informal but important
discussion, the recommendations of the conference were
embodied in six resolutions, which were submitted to
the several fraternities as a foundation for the by-laws
of the proposed organization. Elizabeth Gamble repre-
sented Pi Beta Phi. " It was recommended that a sim-
ilar meeting, called by each of the several fraternities in
rotation, be held annually, to which a delegate shall be
appointed from each of the several fraternities, the
meeting of 1903 to be called by Gamma Phi Beta in
St. Louis." (See Arrow, July, 1902.)
The Second Inter-Sorority Conference met at the call
of Gamma Phi Beta, in St. Louis, on September 19, 1903,
to receive the reports upon the six resolutions submitted
by the First Conference, and to form if possible an
236 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
inter-sorority compact. Alpha Chi Omega and Chi
Omega sent delegates, making nine fraternities in the
conference. Mrs. Laura B. Norton, Kappa Alpha Theta,
was chosen chairman, and Lillian Thompson, Gamma
Phi Beta, secretary. The reports showed that the ma-
jority of fraternities refused to adopt the recommenda-
tions of the previous conference, and no sorority com-
pact was formed. The conference ordered the forma-
tion of Pan-Hellenic associations in every institution in
which two or more national fraternities existed, to be
formed of one alumna and one active member from each
chapter represented in the conference, " the first chap-
ter established in each institution being empowered to
organize the Pan-Hellenic association there, chairman-
ship to be held in rotation by each chapter in the order
of its establishment." (See Arrow, November, 1903.)
The Third Inter-Sorority Conference was called by
Delta Gamma, and met in Chicago on September 16 and
17, 1904. Alpha Xi Delta was represented, but Alpha
Chi Omega sent no representative. Grace Telling, Delta
Gamma, was made chairman, and Amy Olgen (Parme-
lee), Delta Delta Delta, secretary. Pi Beta Phi was
represented by Elizabeth Gamble. The question of ro-
tation in calling the conferences was decided by adopt-
ing the following roster: (1) Pi Beta Phi, (2) Kappa
Alpha Theta, (3) Kappa Kappa Gamma, (4) Delta
Gamma, (5) Alpha Phi, (6) Gamma Phi Beta, (7) Al-
pha Chi Omega, (8) Delta Delta Delta, (9) Alpha Xi
Delta, (10) Chi Omega; and it was agreed that the
delegate from the fraternity calling the conference
should act as chairman, and the delegate from the fra-
PAN -HELLENIC CONVENTIONS 237
ternity next in order should be secretary. C{ Each
sorority was asked to instruct its chapters that the pur-
pose of the different Pan-Hellenic associations was not
merely to promote good feeling and social intercourse,
but especially to discuss and act upon all matters of
inter-sorority interest with a view to raising fraternity
standards and ameliorating existing evils. " (See Ar-
row, November, 1904.)
The Fourth Inter-Sorority Conference met in Chi-
cago, September 15 and 16, 1905; Amy H. Olgen (Par-
malee), Delta Delta Delta, was chairman, and Mrs. Rob-
ert Leib, Alpha Xi Delta, was secretary. Pi Beta Phi
was represented by Elizabeth Gamble. Alpha Omicron
Pi was admitted to the conference. It was voted that
no sorority should be admitted to membership in the
conference which had less than five chapters, or which
maintained a chapter in a school below collegiate rank.
A constitution was presented for submission to the heads
of the different fraternities. (See Arrow, November,
1905.)
The Fifth Inter-Sorority Conference was called by
Mrs. Robert Leib, Alpha Xi Delta, in Chicago, on Sep-
tember 14, 1906, with Jobelle Holcombe, Chi Omega,
acting as secretary. A committee on credentials re-
ported the following present: (1) Pi Beta Phi, Eliz-
abeth Gamble; (2) Kappa Alpha Theta, Mrs. Laura H.
Norton; (3) Kappa Kappa Kappa, George Challoner;
(4) Delta Gamma, Margaret Sheppard; (5) Alpha Phi,
Mrs. J. H. McElroy; (6) Gamma Phi Beta, Lillian W.
Thompson; (7) Alpha Chi Omega, Mrs. Richard Ten-
nant; (8) Delta Delta Delta, Amy Olgen Parmelee;
238 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
(9) Alpha Xi Delta, Mrs. Robert Leib; (10) Chi Omega,
Jobelle Holcombe; (11) Sigma Kappa, Mrs. G. A.
Marsh; (12) Alpha Omicron Pi, Mrs. Clifford Bigelow.
This conference adopted a model constitution for local
Pan-Hellenic associations. It was moved that sororities
in high schools and other secondary schools be discoun-
tenanced. (See Arrow, November, 1906.)
The Sixth Inter-Sorority Conference met in Chicago,
September 13, 1907, with Miss Jobelle Holcombe, Chi
Omega, as chairman, and Elda L. Smith, Pi Beta Phi,
as secretary. The proposed constitutions for the con-
ference and for the local associations were discussed.
Alumnae were urged to assist in solving local Pan-
Hellenic differences. Marked progress along the line
of social service was reported. (See Arrow, November,
1907.)
The Seventh Inter-Sorority Conference met in Chi-
cago on September 11, 1908, at the call of Pi Beta Phi,
Anna W. Lytle (Tannahill) presiding and L. Pearle
Green, Kappa Alpha Theta, acting as secretary. The
proposed constitution for the conference was accepted
by all the sororities present, and the name of the organ-
ization was changed to National Pan-Hellenic Confer-
ence. Much important business was transacted at this
conference. (See Arrow, November, 1908.)
The Eighth National Pan-Hellenic Conference met in
Chicago September 17 and 18, 1909, L. Pearle Green,
Kappa Alpha Theta, presiding, and Edith Stoner,
Kappa Kappa Gamma, acting as secretary. Pi Beta
Phi was represented by May L. Keller. Zeta Tau Alpha
and Alpha Gamma Delta were admitted to the confer-
PAN -HELLENIC CONVENTIONS 239
ence and sent representatives. Upon recommendation
of the Extension Committee and by vote of the grand
presidents Alpha Delta Phi and Delta Zeta were ad-
mitted. The fraternities were asked to vest limited leg-
islative power in their delegates and that seven-eights
vote should decide matters voted upon at the confer-
ence; members were urged not to allow fraternity loy-
alty to conflict with college loyalty. A new model con-
stitution for local associations was prepared. (See Ar-
row, November, 1909.)
The Ninth National Pan-Hellenic Conference was held
in Chicago on September 16 and 17, 1910, Mrs. A. H.
Roth, Kappa Kappa Gamma, presiding, with Mar-
guerite B. Lake, Delta Gamma, acting as secretary. Pi
Beta Phi was represented by Elda L. Smith. Sixteen
fraternities sent delegates. Alpha Delta Phi and Delta
Zeta were represented for the first time. A material
strengthening of the value of these conferences dates
from about this time. Much valuable discussion and
legislation characterizes the meetings. One hundred
and twenty-two fraternity women met at luncheon at
the Chicago Beach Hotel. (See Arrow, January, 1911.)
The Tenth National Pan-Hellenic Conference met at
Evanston, Illinois, November 3 and 4, 1911, with Mar-
guerite Lake, Delta Gamma, presiding and Mrs. John
Howard McElroy acting as secretary. Pi Beta Phi was
represented by May L. Keller. The name of the con-
ference was changed to National Pan-Hellenic Congress.
A new constitution was adopted, which granted limited
legislative power to the delegates. Government be-
tween sessions was placed in the hands of an executive
240 PI" BETA PHI FRATERNITY
committee of three, to serve as chairman, secretary and
treasurer. Provision was made for the issuing of quar-
terly bulletins. The conference closed with a Pan-Hel-
lenic luncheon in Patton Gymnasium, Northwestern
University, at which covers were laid for three hundred
and fifty. Thirty-one Pi Phis were present, represent-
ing fifteen different chapters. (See Arrow, January,
1912.)
The Eleventh Pan-Hellenic Congress met at the Con-
gress Hotel, Chicago, on October 17, 18 and 19, 1912,
with Mrs. Cora Allen McElroy, Alpha Phi, presiding
and Lillian Thompson, Gamma Phi Beta, acting as sec-
retary. Mrs. James L. Lardner was the delegate from
Pi Beta Phi. During the year Phi Mu and Kappa
Delta were admitted to the Congress. Mrs. Ida Shaw
Martin, Delta Delta Delta, was appointed Historian of
the Congress for the coming five years. The following
committees were appointed to work during the coming
year and report to the Twelfth Congress : Committee
on Point System, Committee on Investigating Inter-
fraternity Organizations, and Committee to Investigate
Sophomore Pledge Day. Three hundred and ninety-one
fraternity women and one fraternity man (Mr. George
Banta, Phi Delta Theta) were present at the annual
Pan-Hellenic luncheon in Patton Gymnasium, North-
western University, Evenston, with Mrs. McElroy toast-
mistress. (See Arrow, January, 1913.)
The Twelfth Pan-Hellenic Congress met at the Con-
gress Hotel, Chicago, on October 16, 17 and 18, 1913,
with Lillian Thompson, Gamma Phi Beta, presiding,
Lois Smith-Crann, Alpha Chi Omega, acting secretary,
PAN -HELLENIC CONVENTIONS 241
and Amy Olgen-Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta, treasurer.
Mrs. J. L. Lardner was the delegate from Pi Beta Phi.
City Pan-Hellenics reported. Contested fraternity
fields discussed; resolution passed, " That no fraternity
represented in the National Pan-Hellenic Congress bid
a girl who has been a member of a so-called sorority, or
other secret Greek letter society of similar nature, exist-
ing in a high school or other school of equivalent stand-
ing, whether such society exist openly or secretly. This-
ruling to apply to a person who shall either accept or
retain membership in such society after September,
1915." Financial support was given the Chicago Colle-
giate Bureau of Occupation. The first conference of
editors of fraternity magazines met in connection with
this Congress, on the 16th of October. (See Arrow,
December, 1913.)
The Thirteenth National Pan-Hellenic Congress met
at the McAlpin Hotel, New York, on October 15, 16
and 17, 1914, Mrs. J. H. Crann presiding, Mrs. E. N.
Parmalee acting as secretary, and Miss Lena G. Baldwin
reported as treasurer. Mrs. J. L. Lardner was the
delegate from Pi Beta Phi. A meeting of the Grand
Presidents preceded the Congress. Eighteen fraterni-
ties submitted their annual reports. The business of the
Congress was systematized and reported through the
following standing committees: (1) Eligibility, (2)
Extension, (3) Social Customs, (4) Conference with
College Presidents, (5) Local Pan-Hellenics, (6) Rec-
commendations, (7) City Pan-Hellenics, (8) to Study
Secrecy of College Fraternities, (9) to Study Certain
Definite Phases of Fraternity Life, (10) on Codifi-
242 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
cation, (11) on Compilation of Material in Frater-
nity Reference Bureau, and (12) on Recast of Eligi-
bility Matriculation Clause. The Executive Committee
for 1914-1915: Chairman, Mrs. E. N. Parmalee, Delta
Delta Delta; Secretary, Miss Lena G. Baldwin, Alpha
Xi Delta; Treasurer, Mrs. Mary C. Love-Collins, Chi
Omega. Three hundred and seventy-seven " Greeks "
sat at luncheon together at the McAlpin Hotel, at which
Mrs. Crann presided as toastmistress. (See Arroiv, De-
cember, 1914.)
" It has seemed to me that three things must enter
into the life of every wholesome girl: loyalty to ideals ,
which must never waver; enthusiasm and steadfast
purpose in following the gleam; and the desire for
service , ivhich, when granted, makes life worth living."
SOPHIE WOODMAN.
I
tuo
CHAPTER XX
PI BETA PHI SETTLEMENT SCHOOL
EMMA HARPER TURNER, delegate from the Washing-
ton Alumnae Club, presented to the Alumnae at its regu-
lar convention meeting on June 29, 1910, a proposition
for the establishment of a settlement school in the Ap-
palachian Mountains in honor of the Founders and
founding of Pi Beta Phi. The idea met with the enthu-
siastic support of the Alumnae, and a committee, with
Anna F. T. Pettit (Broomell), Pennsylvania Alpha as
chairman, was instructed to present the matter to the
National Convention. Mrs. Pettit-Broomell, as chair-
man, offered the following recommendation, at the
morning session of June 30, 1910: (1) " That the
sanction of this Convention be given to a plan sug-
gested by the Washington Alumnae Club for a settle-
ment school in the Appalachian Mountains in honor of
the Founders and founding of Pi Beta Phi, thus open-
ing the doors of opportunity to Pi Beta Phi to become
a pioneer among women's fraternities in one of the
great altruistic movements of the present day. That
this worthy memorial be dedicated to our Founders on
the fiftieth anniversary of the Fraternity: (2) That the
following committee, representing the National Alumnae,
be elected by Convention to outline and develop the
work : Emma Harper Turner, Columbia Alpha, Julia
E. Rogers, Iowa Zeta, Mary B. Harris, Pennsylvania
245
246 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
Beta, Leila R. Soule (Bitting), Michigan Alpha, Jennie
C. Rainey, Louisiana Alpha, Mary E. Wallihan (Gib-
son), Colorado Beta, Alice C. Stewart- Wolf, Illinois
Delta, Edith L. Carpenter, Vermont Beta, Jennie B.
Allyn, Massachusetts Alpha, and Anna F. T. Pettit
(Broomell), Pennsylvania Alpha." The proposition
met with the hearty support of the National Convention
and the committee began its work at once. The follow-
ing eighteen months were spent in careful and extensive
investigations of the needy fields. By the process of
elimination, the investigators, May L. Keller, Anna
Pettit (Broomell) and Emma Harper Turner, finally
settled upon Gatlinburg, Tennessee, as the most isolated
and needy place in the Appalachian Mountains, and on
February 20, 1912. the doors of the Pi Beta Phi Settle-
ment School were opened for scholars, with Miss Martha
Hill, an experienced mountain worker, as teacher. Our
schoolhouse was a rented building alongside the main
road, overlooking the Little Pigeon River, while the
teacher's cottage, which had been simply but com-
fortably furnished, stood back on the mountainside at
the edge of the thick wood. The first term of school
opened with thirteen pupils, and closed June 28 with
thirty-three pupils.
At the Evanston Convention, in July, 1912, upon the
recommendation of the original committee of ten, the
National Convention requested the Chicago Alumnae
Club to assume control of the Settlement School. This
second committee was composed of Elizabeth A. Clarke-
Helmick, Michigan Alpha, Kate B. Miller, Iowa Beta,
Lulu Alvord-Barrett, Michigan Alpha, Dema Harsh-
Mary O. Pollard.
Dell Gillett Morgan.
Pi Beta Phi Cottage.
PI BETA PHI SETTLEMENT SCHOOL 247
barger, Illinois Delta, and Lucy Hammond- Von Hoist,
Colorado Beta. ,
In August, the second session, with Miss Hill cooper-
ating and working in junction with the native district
teacher, opened with over seventy scholars. On Decem-
ber 1, the county school funds having become exhausted,
we sent our first Pi Phi teacher, Dell Gillette (Morgan),
Illinois Zeta, to Miss Hills 's assistance, and from the
infusion of real Pi Phi earnestness and spirit into our
mountain work, the school has grown beyond our most
sanguine hopes in its usefulness and far-reaching and
lasting good. This session closed the last of March with
over one hundred regular pupils, some of whom had
moved to Gatlinburg for the school, and others were
walking ten miles daily to attend. Besides the regular
school work, sewing and cooking classes were organized,
and industrial work became a feature.
In July, 1913, the people of Gatlinburg gave to the
Fraternity thirty-five acres of the choicest land in the
district for its permanent home. The buildings on the
property were put in good repair, and the third session
of the school began in August in our own building
the same one in which Miss Hill had opened the school
the previous year. Abbie B. Langmaid, Minnesota
Alpha, assisted by Helen Bryan, New York Beta, was
in charge until October, when Mary 0. Pollard, Ver-
mont Alpha, succeeded to head resident. In December
the contract was let to C. R. Williams and A. J. Huff for
building the six-room schoolhouse. Lumber was sawed
from logs from the mountainsides, and the carpenters
were mostly men of the neighborhood. Our greatest bill
248 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
of expense was the freighting over the mountains, mak-
ing the building, when completed, cost $3,560.
In January, 1914, our work had increased to such
proportions that two more workers were necessary, and
Edith Wilson, Indiana Alpha, and Leah Stock, Mich-
igan Alpha, volunteered their services, making four
teachers, with one hundred and twenty-seven pupils.
The industrial and settlement work had grown to be so
important that when school closed on April 3, 1914,
Miss Pollard remained on. During the Spring she or-
ganized the first Tomato Club of the county, and fa-
miliarized herself with the industrial needs of the peo-
ple, and studied to help them as only an intelligent,
earnest, self-sacrificing person can. She had the state
hookworm specialist at the school and personally
helped in waging war against that ever present pest
among these people. The generous supply of seeds and
bulbs sent by the U. S. Agricultural Department at
Washington was distributed among the people and in-
structions given for beautifying their yards and homes.
During the first week in July the Grand Council were
guests of the School, and upon July 9th, the new six-
room school building was dedicated, in the presence of
eight Pi Phis and some five hundred people.
The fourth session of the school opened August 10,
1914, with Mary 0. Pollard, head resident, Edith Wil-
son and Marie Ditmars, Indiana Alpha, and Margaret
Young, Illinois Epsilon, as assistants, and with one
hundred and thirty-four pupils. The County School
Board voted the county appropriation of $375 to the
Pi Beta Phi Settlement School.
Pi Beta Phi School 1915.
fll'lHn ! > ;| !" I V'l>,
..',.
1 ' " . r! . ; . : \t,
Settlement School Assistants.
PI BETA PHI SETTLEMENT SCHOOL 249
After the most profitable session in the history of the
undertaking, school closed on April 2, 1915.
The mountain people among whom our Pi Phis are
laboring are a sturdy American strain; their ancestors
were the patriots of the Revolutionary days of our
country, and the account of the victories won by them
in these very mountains make an important chapter in
our country's history. They came from strong Scotch-
Irish and pure English stock and to-day are as primi-
tive and simple as we might have found our own ances-
tors centuries ago. Their ignorance, and all that goes
with generations of neglect, are beyond our imagina-
tion. For generations, many of them have not seen a
book or magazine; no new blood has come into their
settlements, and many have never been ten miles from
their door-steps. It has been estimated that not over
one per cent, of the isolated mountain people can read
or write. Their lives and living have drifted back in
many cases to almost the animal existence, though by
instinct they are courteous and kind. The object of the
school is to teach the people to read and write, to sew
and cook, to develop the natural resources at their doors,
and to make them a useful and happy people in the
mountains, and an honor to their country.
"We. Pi Phi sisters here, they, hillfolk sisters there,
We, in the midst of all things lovely and true,
They, for whom the whole world seems askew,
Shall we, the women on whom God's light
Shines, not by reason of our bright,
Refuse to share it with our sisters there ? "
Kate B. Miller.
" True friends have no solitary joy or sorrow."
WM. ELLERY C BANNING.
CHAPTER XXI
CONCLUSION
Pi BETA PHI FRATERNITY is an organization including
among her members women in every walk of life who
have pledged themselves to a " friendship that by the
very privacy of the organization may have a deeper
meaning than those of every day life; friendship that
means companionship in its threefold character of
similarity of tastes, confidence and steadfastness." No
one is invited to membership until the utmost care has
been taken to ascertain that this exists. Pi Beta Phi
teaches unselfishness, patience, self-control, charity,
sympathy, purity, love and friendship in their purer
and truer sense; she teaches that there are common
and binding ties other than those of family blood.
Through forty-eight years and by over eight thousand
women these standards of life and thought, duty and
responsibility have been upheld, demanding the very
best in her members and championing the very best in
life. We expect more of our members because of the
fact that they belong to Pi Beta Phi.
It has been claimed that fraternities are exclusive.
Very true, they are exclusive as every family is exclu-
sive, or as each church organization is exclusive, or as
clubs are exclusive. However, membership in Pi Beta
Phi is not confined to the wealthy, or even to those
brilliant in mind and beautiful in face or figure, but is
253
254 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
composed of kindred and congenial spirits, selected with
great care in order that her members may perpetuate
the vows of her Founders and members as we select our
lifelong friends in every-day life. If it were otherwise,
and these conditions were not forced upon us, its strong-
hold upon the lives of her members would be lost.
The fraternity is not a family, church nor club, and
yet some of the ruling ideas of each must be woven into
her structure. Upon entering college for the first time,
the fraternity furnishes the initiate her college home
life. The love, loyalty and close companionship of
home are found in the fraternity, and its union and
relationship are very strong and sacred. * ' The cardinal
virtues of the happy family circle are the fundamental
props of the fraternity." The chapter house, presided
over by a woman of ability, culture and experience takes
the place of the home when the girl starting upon her
college career is particularly in need of the close com-
panionship of those who will treat her with a mixture
of charity and frank criticism and in the fraternity
she receives the love, sympathv and guidance that
would be given her by her parents. Some one has ex-
claimed: " Blessings on the chapter house around which
clusters some of the most precious associations of col-
lege life. Though its roof may leak, or its furnace
smoke, though its landlord may scold or its mortgage
clamor, it will always stretch its wings to cover just one
more homesick freshman or old alumna, and it can hold
more good times than all the marble halls that were
ever built in Spain."
It has been claimed that Fraternities cultivate the
CONCLUSION 255
social side of college life to the sacrifice of scholarship.
Membership in Pi Beta Phi is condusive to better scholar-
ship. She demands that her members live up to a high
standard of scholarship, and she maintains a scholarship
committee in each chapter which is responsible to the
Fraternity for the scholastic standing of her chapter.
At least once each year every chapter is visited by one
of the Fraternity's officers for thorough inspection and
advice. She confers with the Dean of Women and tries
to ascertain accurately just how each member of the
chapter stands in scholarship and in college activities.
Low scholarship is a subject for discipline and continued
low scholarship caused by neglect or indifference is pun-
ishable by forfeiture of the charter of the chapter.
" Life in every chapter is a practical training school
for the cultivation and strengthening of self-control,
self-restraint, loyalty, intelligent consideration of others,
keenness of judgment and larger opportunities in col-
lege and life." The Big Sister movement is strongly
exemplified in the fraternity life and the fraternity
house offers the family care and love and mutual help-
fulness of the home, while to be appreciated, trusted,
loved, makes the joy of endeavor and work more keen
and the sting of sorrow and disappointment less poig-
nant. There are thousands of college women to-day who
will support the statement that their fraternity friend-
ships were the best gift of their college course. The
close organization, lifelong intimacy and personal cul-
ture, cooperation with one another and loyalty unto
death incite us to strive for the very best possible in us
and for each other. The greatest benefit comes to the
256 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
fraternity girl herself in the developing and strengthen-
ing of her own character. " Her high aim in life is
forced upon her by nature of the conditions of her mem-
bership and life in the fraternity."
In her initiation ceremony every Pi Beta Phi pledges
her loyalty to her Alma Mater, and she insists that her
members at all times support the college authorities. In-
fringement or violation of college rights and rules are
liable to punishment and even expulsion of the erring
member. Our members are impressed with the teaching
that ' ' in the classroom a Pi Beta Phi 's faithfulness, ear-
nestness and courtesy must be ever apparent and at all
times the life of a Pi Beta Phi must be so womanly as
to set a standard for the society in which she moves."
The Fraternity in its organization and all that it
teaches and stands for in the lives of its members is
unimpeachable and deserves the generous support of all
parents and educators. College spirit and standards
are strengthened by the Fraternity, making her a prom-
inent and worthy factor in college life, and many a
student has been led to complete her course against
great odds through her fraternity's influence and aid.
The Arrow of Pi Beta Phi, worn upon the breast of
her members is the " outward and visible sign of the
inward and spiritual grace " that has indelibly placed
its approval upon nothing short of the true, honest,
just, pure, lovely.
" Any institution that fosters true friendship and
love for another, high ideals and aims in living, striving
for the beautiful and virtuous in life should be encour-
aged for these are the central force of all right living. ' '
" Finally, whatsoever things are true,
Whatsoever things are honest,
Whatsoever things are just,
Whatsoever things are pure,
Whatsoever things are lovely,
Whatsoever things are of good report
If there be any virtue and if there
Be any praise, think on these things.
APPENDIX
FRATERNITY DIRECTORY
FOUNDERS OF THE FRATERNITY
Maggie Campbell, Thyne Institute, Chase City, Va.
Libbie Brook -Gaddis, 1005 S. Third St., Champaign, HI.
Ada Bruen-Grier, 16 Thomas Ave., Bellevue, Pa.
Clara Brownlee-Hutchinson, Monmouth, 111.
Emma Brownlee-Kilgore, 7639 Lowe Ave., Chicago, 111.
Fannie Whitenack-Libby, Goodhue, Minn.
Rose Moore, 59 East 21st St., New York City.
Ina Smith-Soule, 912 North L St., Tacoma, Wash.
Jennie Horne-Turnbull, 2510 N. 32d St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Fannie Thompson (deceased).
Nancy Black-Wallace, 1049 Court St., Salem, Ore.
GRAND COUNCIL
Grand President May L. Keller, Westhampton College, Rich-
mond, Va.
Grand Vice -President Lida Burkhard Lardner (Mrs. J. L.),
810 Milburn St., Evanston, 111.
Grand Secretary. Amy B. Onken, Chapin, 111.
Grand Treasurer Anne Stuart, 1906 D St., Lincoln, Neb.
Arrow Editor Sarah Pomeroy-Rugg (Mrs. F. A.), 580 Com-
monwealth Ave., Boston, Mass.
259
260 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
HISTORIAN
Elizabeth Clarke Helmick (Mrs. Eli A.), Fort Sheridan, HL
CATALOGUER
Kate McLaughlin Bourne (Mrs. Harry S.), Lewisburg, Pa.
ALUMNAE EDITOR
Sophie Parsons Woodman, 561 West 186th St., New York City.
Pi Beta Phi Representative in National Pan-Hellenic Con-
gress Lida Burkhard Lardner (Mrs, J. L.), 810 Milburn St.,
Evanston, HL
ALPHA PROVINCE
President Anna Robinson-Nickerson (Mrs. David D.), 74
Rockland Ave., Maiden. Mass.
Ontario Alpha University of Toronto. Vermont Alpha
Middlebury College. Vermont Beta University of Vermont.
Massachusetts Alpha Boston University. New York Alpha
Syracuse University. New York Beta Barnard College.
New York Gamma St. Lawrence University. Maryland Al-
pha Goucher College. Columbia Alpha George Washington
University. Virginia Alpha Randolph-Macon College.
Florida Alpha John. B. Stetson University,
BETA PROVINCE
President Anna F. T. Pettit-Broomell (Mrs. G. L.), 4929
Rubican Ave.. Gennantown, Philadelphia, Pa.
FRATERNITY DIRECTORY 261
Pennsylvania Alpha Swarthmore College. Pennsylvania
Beta Bucknell University. Pennsylvania Gamma Dickin-
son College. Ohio Alpha Ohio University. Ohio Beta
Ohio State University. Michigan Alpha Hillsdale College.
Michigan Beta University of Michigan.
GAMMA PROVINCE
President Kate B. Miller, 112 S. Ashland Blvd., Chicago, HI.
Minnesota Alpha University of Minnesota. Wisconsin Al-
pha University of Wisconsin. Illinois Beta Lombard Col-
lege. Illinois Delta Knox College. Illinois Epsilon
Northwestern University. Illinois Zeta University of Illi-
nois. Illinois Eta James Millikin University. Indiana
Alpha Franklin College. Indiana Beta University of In-
diana. Indiana Gamma Butler College.
DELTA PROVINCE
President Lois Janvier, 1445 Webster St., New Orleans, La.
Iowa Alpha Iowa Wesleyan College. Iowa Beta Simp-
son College. Iowa Gamma Iowa State College. Iowa
Zeta Iowa State University. Nebraska Beta University of
Nebraska. Missouri Alpha University of Missouri. Mis-
souri Beta Washington University. Missouri Gamma
Drury College. Kansas Alpha University of Kansas. Ar-
kansas Alpha University of Arkansas. Louisiana Alpha
Newcomb College.
EPSILON PROVINCE
President Gertrude Fitz-Randolph-Currens (Mra. J. W.), 1510
13th St., Boulder, Colo.
Oklahoma Alpha University of Oklahoma. Texas Alpha
University of Texas. Wyoming Alpha University of Wyo-
262 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ming. Colorado Alpha University of Colorado. Colorado
Beta University of Denver.
ZETA PROVINCE
President Marguerite Davis-Carney (Mrs. P. F.), 3504 Etna
St., Berkeley, Cal.
California Alpha Leland Stanford, Jr. California Beta
University of California. Washington Alpha University of
Washington. Washington Beta Washington State College.
ALUMNAE DEPARTMENT DIRECTORY
Secretary for the Alumnae and Grand Vice-President Lida
Burkhard Lardner (Mrs. J. L.), 810 Milburn St., Evanston, HI.
Alumnae Editor Sophie Parsons Woodman, 561 West 186
St., New York City.
Secretary for Foreign Countries Grand Vice -President.
Committee on Settlement School Elizabeth Clarke-Helmick
(Mrs. Eli A.), chairman and treasurer, Fort Sheridan, Illinois.
ALPHA PROVINCE
Vice-President Grace Goodhue-Coolidge (Mrs. Calvin), 21
Massasoit St., Northampton, Mass.
Baltimore, Md. Boston, Mass. Burlington, Vt. New
York, N.Y. Northern New York, Canton. Rhode Island.
Rochester, N.Y. Syracuse, N.Y. Toronto, Canada.
Washington, D. C. Western Massachusetts Alumnae.
BETA PROVINCE
Vice-President Elsa Schlicht, 210 N. Sandusky St., Bellevue,
Ohio.
FRATERNITY DIRECTORY 263
Ann Arbor, Mich. Athens, Ohio. Carlisle, Pa. Cincin-
nati, Ohio. Cleveland, Ohio. Columbus, Ohio. Detroit,
Mich. Hillsdale, Mich. Lewisburg, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa.
Pittsburgh, Pa. Toledo, Ohio. Wooster, Ohio.
GAMMA PROVINCE
Vice-President Lisette Woerner Hampton (Mrs. W. S.), The
Elmore, Prospect, Ky.
Carthage, 111. Central Illinois. Chicago, HI. Decatur,
111. Franklin, Ind. Galesburg, 111. Indianapolis, Ind.
Louisville, Ky. Madison, Wis. Minneapolis, and St. Paul,
Minn.
DELTA PROVINCE
Vice-President Edith Baker, Webster Groves, Mo.
Ames, Iowa. Burlington, Iowa. Columbia, Mo. Des
Moines, Iowa. Fayetteville, Ark. Indianola, Iowa. Iowa
City, Iowa. Kansas City, Mo. Lawrence, Kan. Lincoln,
Neb. Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. New Orleans, La. Omaha,
Neb., and Council Bluffs, Iowa. St. Joseph, Mo. St. Louis,
Mo. Springfield, Mo. Sioux City, la. Sioux Falls, S.
Dak. Topeka, Kan. Tri-City Alumnae. York, Neb.
EPSILON PROVINCE
Vice-President Emily Maverick Miller (Mrs. E. T.), Univer-
sity Station, Austin, Tex.
Austin, Tex. Boulder, Colo. Dallas, Tex. Denver, Colo.
Houston, Tex. Laramie, Wyo. Oklahoma City, Okla.
Tulsa, Okla. Waco, Tex.
264 PI BETA PHI FRATERNITY
ZETA PROVINCE
Vice-President Leta Horlocker, 418 Blanchard Building, Los
Angeles, Cal.
Los Angeles, Cal. Northern California. Portland, Ore.
Seattle, Wash. Spokane, Wash.
INDEX
Advisory Committees, 84, 111.
Allen, Mary Gilmore-, 178.
Alpha Chapter, 74.
Alpha Delta Psi, 61.
Alpha Grand, 74, 75, 77, 92, 93,
94, 195.
Alpha Phi, 110, 233.
Alpha Phi Psi, 42.
Alpha Sigma Alpha, 51.
Alpha Tau Omega, 112.
Alpha Xi Theta, 36.
Alumnae Association, 82, 83,
100, 101, 105, 107, 133, 134.
136.
Alumnae and Associate Chap-
ters, 96, 129.
Alumnae Club, 139.
Alumnae Club Delegates, 113.
Alumnae Club Ritual, 101.
Alumnae Committee, 132.
Alumnae Conventions, 134, 135.
Alumnae Councils, 106.
Alumnae Day, 100.
Alumnae Department, 107, 111.
Alumnae Editor, 110, 135.
Alumnae Members, 116.
Alumnae Secretary, 100, 105,
116, 135.
Ames Alumnae Club, 140.
Ames Chapter, 92.
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 37.
Ann Arbor Alumnae Club, 141.
Annual Chapter Letters, 109.
Annual Examinations, 84.
Annual Message of Grand
President, 103.
Annual Tax, 102.
Archibald, Alleyne, 204, 221.
Arkansas Alpha, 48.
Arrow Editor, 83, 96, 104.
Arrow Publication, 99, 100, 102,
112, 114.
Arrow Subscriptions, 96, 106,
108, 111, 114, 184.
Asbury University, 62, 71, 90.
Athens Alumnae Club, 141.
Austin (Texas) Alumnae Club.
141.
Babcock, Mildred Babcock-, 223.
Badge, 22, 80, 84, 97, 108, 109,
116, 123, 124.
Baker, Edith, 118.
Ball, Stella E. Walter-, 33, 35,
178.
Baltimore Alumnae Club, 142.
Bancker, Mary Clark-, 184.
Banta Publishing Company,
189.
Baptist Young Ladies' Insti-
tute, 59, 90.
Barnard College, 46.
Barnes, Mary E. Miller-, 178.
Barrett, Lulu Alvord-, 246.
Bell, Georgia Burlingham-, 65.
Bell, Sadie B. Williams-, 105.
Bergenthall, Alice Dacy-, 185.
Beta Chapter of I. C., 36.
Beta Omega Chapter of I. C..
66, 73.
Beta Theta Pi, 19, 95, 99.
Black, Nannie L. (Mrs. Wal-
lace), 19, 21, 31, 58, 59, 71,
89, 169.
Blackwelder, Gertrude Bough-
ton-, 82.
Bloomfield, Iowa, 92.
Bloomington, Indiana, 39.
Bolles, Nettie Hubbard, 178.
265
266
INDEX
Boston Alumnae Club, 142, 223.
Boston University, 43.
Bostwick, Kate King-, 115, 135,
173.
Boulder Alumnae Club, 143.
Bourne, Kate McLoughlan-, 198.
Bowman, Flora S., 61.
Branson, Anna Jackson- , 114,
136, 172.
Branson, Bertha Holland-, 48.
Brownlee, Clara (Mrs. Hutch-
inson), 19, 58, 89, 208.
Brownlee, Emma (Mrs. Kil-
gore), 19, 20, 21, 58, 72, 89,
103, 107, 169, 208.
Brook, Libbie (Mrs. Gaddis),
19, 20, 31, 32, 58, 71, 89, 107,
169.
Brook, Mary, 31, 33.
Broomell, Anna F. T. Pettit-,
199, 208, 218, 245.
Bryan, Helen, 247.
Bruen, Ada C. (Mrs. Graham),
19, 20, 58, 89, 169.
Buchan, Lucinda Smith-, 101,
102, 104, 171.
Burlington (Iowa) Chapter, 65,
92.
Burlington (Vt.) Alumnae
Club, 144.
Burton, Abbie Williams-, 207.
Butler College, 43.
California Alpha, 39.
California Beta, 45.
Callanan College, Iowa, 64, 102.
Campbell, Jessie Craig-, 184.
Campbell, Maggie F. (Mrs.
Hughes), 19, 20, 21, 58, 89,
169.
Carlisle Alumnae Club, 145.
Carnation adopted, 98.
Carpenter, Edith L., 228, 246.
Carruthers, Louise, 90, 169.
Carthage Alumnae Club, 144.
Carthage College, 63.
Cartwright, Belle Hudson-, 181.
Cass, Florence Chase-, 43, 49,
102, 136, 171, 196.
Catalogue, 78, 91, 100, 101, 107,
111, 136, 197.
Catt, Carrie Chapman-, 99.
Central Illinois Alumnae Club,
145.
Chapter Houses, 100.
Chapter names, 32, 96.
Charter, 78, 96, 103.
Chi Chapter of I. C., 34.
Chi Omega, 110.
Chicago Chapter, 92.
Church, Gertrude Clark Sober-,
135, 185.
Cincinnati Alumnae Club, 145.
Clifton, Lela Gray-, 48.
Coat-of-arms, 109, 208.
Clarinda, Iowa, 65.
Clark, Anna Ross-, 131.
Clark, Edna A., 101, 171.
Clark, Sarah Bancroft-, 184.
Clarke, Cora Ross-, 183.
Cleveland Alumnae Club, 146.
Coe College, Cedar Rapids.
Iowa, 63.
Colorado Alpha, 35.
Colorado Beta, 36.
Colors of Pi Beta Phi, 93, 124.
Columbia Alpha, 37.
Columbia Alumnae Club, 146.
Conrow, Emma Hutchinson-,
185.
Constitution, 20, 91, 93, 94, 97,
98, 100, 101, 104, 107.
Convention, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84,
102, 106, 114.
Convention Funds, 94.
Convention Guide, 113.
Cook, Fannie K. Read-, 106, 135,
136, 171, 185.
"Cookie Shine," 95, 99, 103,
105, 106, 115, 211.
Cooper, Lillie, 91, 169.
Craighead, Elizabeth, 221.
Culver, Elizabeth K., 41, 43.
Cunningham, Imogen, 219.
Curryer, Ethel Rous, 108, 188.
Custer Nell (Mrs. Swisher), 93,
94.
Custodian of the Pin, 84, 93.
Dallas (Texas) Alumnae Club.
147.
Davidson, Jessie, 42.
INDEX
267
Dawley, Gertrude, 181.
Dayton, Hattie Cochran-Robin-
son-, 181, 182.
Dearborn Seminary, 63, 72.
Decatur (111.) Alumnae Club,
147.
Delegates to Convention, 76. 78,
81.
Delta Delta Delta, 102, 233, 234.
Delta Gamma, 102, 105, 110,
233, 234.
Delta Omega, 130.
Delta Tau Delta, 19.
Delta Theta Psi, 49.
Denver Alumnae Club, 147.
Des Moines Alumnae Club, 66,
147.
Detroit Alumnae Club, 148.
Dickinson College, 45.
Disney, Jennie Hardin-, 63.
Ditmars, Marie, 149, 248.
Drake University, 65.
Droke, Mary Inez, 221.
Drury College, 51.
Drybread, May Copeland-Rey-
nolds-, 37, 40, 100, 108, 110,
136, 170, 172.
Dunning, Frances, 49.
Dutton, Loretta Smedley-, 184.
Elliott, Carrie Dorr-, 182.
Epsilon Chapter of I. C., 62.
Evans, Sude Weaver-, 97, 98, 99,
135, 165, 170.
Examinations, Annual, 103.
Examination of pledges, 114.
Extension Committee, 82.
Ewing, Mrs. James W., 61.
Fairfield Chapter of I. C., 66.
130.
Farnsworth, Charlotte Allen-.
46, 104, 171.
Feyetteville (Ark.) Alumnae
Club, 148.
Fellowships, 217.
Ferrier, Deborah L., 200.
Field, Charlotte Shepard-, 187.
Flagler, Frances Elizabeth, 96.
97, 100, 170.
Florida Alpha, 51.
Franklin, Effie June Scott-, 101.
Franklin (Ind.) Alumnae Club,
149.
Franklin College, 36.
Fraternity Booth at World's
Fair, 102.
" Fraternity " takes place
"Sorosis," 100.
Founders' Day, 100.
Founders of Pi Beta Phi, 19, 71.
Frye, Roberta, 46, 199 (see
Watt).
Gamble, Elizabeth, 45, 46, 102.
105, 106, 107, 110, 113, 171,
172.
Gamma Chapter of I. C., 32.
Gamma Epsilon Delta, 48.
Gamma Omega Chapter of I. C.,
67.
Gamma Phi Beta, 105, 233, 234.
Gaynor, Jessie Smith-, 204.
George Washington University.
37.
Gladson, Mrs. W. N., 48.
Goddess of Pi Beta Phi, 124.
Goucher College, 43.
Grand Alphas, or Conventions,
72, 74, 75, 77, 78, 89, 90, 91.
92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101.
Grand Council, 78, 81, 104, 108,
109.
Grand Historian, 80, 107.
Grand Officers, 169.
Grand President, 104.
Grand Secretary, 104.
Grand Treasurer, 104, 116.
Grand Vice-President, 83, 105.
106, 135.
Gregg, Love, 62.
Griest, Katherine, 199, 200.
Griffith, Ida Greeley Smith-, 45,
104, 105, 171.
Grip of Fraternity, 20.
Grosvenor, Grace, 42, 43, 104.
Guide, 80, 83, 104, 108.
Haddock, Emma Humphrey-,
165, 181.
Hamilton, Ethel B. Allen-, 104,
171, 178, 179, 203.
Hammond, Edith, 207.
Harris, Mary, 135, 245.
268
INDEX
Harrison, Emily Brooks-, 165.
Harrison, Maude S., 61.
Harshbarger, Dema, 246.
Hastings College, 61.
Hazelton, Anna S., 135.
Hazelton, Lillie S., 132.
Heberd, Grace Raymond, 49.
Hefter, Celia, 92.
Helmick, Elizabeth Clarke-, 117,
173, 246.
Hillsdale Alumnae Club, 149.
Hillsdale College, 36.
Historical Sketch, 107.
Historical Study, 103.
Holland, Bertha, 43.
Holt House, 20.
Hood, Loretta, 40.
Hoover, Tola, 91, 169.
Home, Jennie (Mrs. Turnbull),
19, 58, 107, 169.
Houston Alumnae Club, 149.
Howard, Lela, 204.
Howard, Rena Reynolds-, 35.
Huber, Lucy Parker-, 184.
Hubbs, Julia Ferris-, 95, 170.
Hulley, Eloise Mayham-, 51.
Humphrey, Jean Oliver-, 94,
170.
Hurlburt, Ada, 44.
Hutchinson, Mary S., 135.
I. C. Sorosis, 19, 79, 95, 97.
Illinois Alpha, 58.
Illinois Beta, 33.
Illinois Gamma, 63.
Illinois Delta, 35.
Illinois Epsilon, 40.
Illinois Zeta, 42.
Illinois Eta, 49.
Illinois Wesleyan College, 62,
90.
Incorporation, 80, 165.
Indiana Alpha, 36.
Indiana Beta, 39.
Indiana Gamma, 43.
Indianola, Iowa, 79, 90, 92, 95.
Indianola Alumnae Club, 150.
Indianapolis Alumnae Club,
150,
Ingersoll, Edith, 103, 171.
Initiation, 93, 98, 102.
Iota Chapter of I. C., 33, 195.
Iowa Agricultural College, 91.
Iowa Alpha of I. C., 32, 76.
Iowa Beta, 33, 34, 75, 91, 195.
Iowa City Chapter of I. C., 67,
92, 130.
Iowa City Convention, 93.
Iowa City Alumnae Club, 150.
Iowa Gamma, 34.
Iowa Iota, 67.
Iowa Theta, 66, 73.
Iowa Kappa, 101.
Iowa Lambda, 65.
Iowa State College, 34.
Iowa State University, 34.
Iowa State Normal School, 65.
Iowa Wesleyan University, 25,
32, 76, 89, 90.
Iowa Zeta, 34, 101.
Jacksonville, Illinois, 92.
Jacksonville Female Academy,
60, 72.
Janvier, Celeste, 48, 111, 112,
115, 172.
Johnson, Elsie Bradford-, 104,
105, 171.
Johnson, Kate Walker-, 113.
Johnson, Mary Cooper-, 113.
Jones, Sadie Young-, 65.
Kansas Alpha, 33, 211.
Kansas City Alumnae Club,
150.
Kansas State University, 33,
90, 91.
Kappa Alpha Theta, 73, 101,
110, 233, 234.
Kappa Kappa Gamma, 25, 73,
96, 110, 112, 233.
Kappa Omega of I. C., 67.
Kappa Tau Tau, 46.
Keller, May Lansfield, 47, 49,
51, 53, 61, 112, 113, 114, 116,
117, 172, 173, 246.
Kelley, Edna McElravy-Smal-
ley-, 183.
Kerns, Cora E. Marlowe-, 112,
136, 172.
Kimball, Martha Nutter-, 106,
108, 110, 172.
Kinzie, Sue Miles, 178.
INDEX
269
Knapp, Mrs. Herman, 100.
Knox College, 35.
Lamb, Elizabeth, 43.
Lamb, Helen, 43.
Lambda Chapter of I. C., 33,
58, 63, 75, 195.
Lambda Omega, 130.
Lamson, Flora Blackburn-, 61.
Lamson, Maud Hicks-, 135.
Langmaid, Abbie B., 247.
Lansing, Mae, 41.
Laramie Alumnae Club, 152.
Lardner, Lida Burkhard-, 52,
117, 136, 173.
Law, Ethel, 96.
Lawrence, Kansas, 94, 99, 131.
Lawrence Chapter, 92, 93.
Lawrence Alumnae Chapter, 67,
150.
Leech, Belle Re Qua-, 79, 95, 96.
170, 177.
Lewis, Anna Lena, 39.
Lewis, Susan, 103, 104, 105, 106,
108, 171, 172.
Lewisburg Alumnae Club, 150.
Light, Laura, 91, 169.
Lincoln Alumnae Club, 152.
Literary Bureau, 82, 100.
Loan Funds, 217, 222.
Lombard University, 33, 90, 92.
93.
Lord, Nannie Thompson-, 63.
Los Angeles Alumnae Club, 152.
Louisiana Alpha, 38, 99, 103.
Louisiana Alpha Alumnae Club,
152.
Louisville (Ky.) Alumnae Club.
152.
Lukens, Viola, 203.
Luther, Martha P., 44.
Madden, Emma, 90, 169.
Madison Alumnae Club, 153.
Mahler, Eva Elliott-, 181, 182.
Maris, Lucy, 39.
Martin, Elizabeth Cook-, 34.
Marvin, Josephine March-, 179.
Maryland Alpha, 43.
Mashek, Anna L., 45.
Massachusetts Alpha, 43.
Maxwell, Helen, 196.
McClanahan, Nettie Braiden-,
63.
McDowell, Flora Housel-, 64.
McHenry, Olive, 101, 171.
McLaughlin, Anna, 96.
Means, Clara Poehler-, 179.
Membership in Pi Phi, 104, 111.
Merriman, Mrs. E. N., 48.
Michigan Alpha, 36, 196.
Michigan Beta, 37.
Middfeton, Elizabeth, 39.
Miller, Kate B., 118, 246.
Milliken University, James, 49.
Minnesota Alpha, 38.
Minneapolis and St. Paul
Alumnae Club, 153.
Missouri Alpha, 44.
Missouri Beta, 47.
Missouri Gamma, 51.
Monmouth College, 19, 58, 74,
75, 76, 89, 90, 91, 92.
Moor, Lillie M. Selby-, 61, 181.
Moore, Rose, 19, 58, 89.
Morgan, Dell Gillette-, 145, 247.
Motto, 79, 80, 93, 95, 97.
Mt. Pleasant Alumnae Chapter
of I. C., 67, 91, 130.
Mt. Pleasant Alumnae Club,
153.
Mt. Pleasant Chapter, 92.
Mt. Pleasant Female Seminary.
59, 72, 90.
Mu Beta Fraternity, 52.
Mu Chapter of I. C., 34.
Name of Fraternity, 100.
National Conventions, 136.
1st and 2d, 89.
3d and 4th, 90.
5th, 91.
6th, 92.
7th, 93.
8th, 94.
9th, 95.
10th, 96.
llth, 98.
12th, 99.
13th, 101.
14th, 102.
15th, 103.
16th, 104.
270
INDEX
17th, 105.
18th, 106.
19th, 108.
20th, 110.
21st, 113.
22nd, 115.
National Organization, 21.
Nebraska Beta, 41, 61, 115.
Nebraska Methodist College,
64.
Nebraska Wesleyan University,
64.
Newcomb College, H. Sophie,
38.
Newsom, Ona H. Payne-, 101.
New York Alpha, 42.
New York Alumnae Club, 154.
New York Beta, 46.
New York Gamma, 52.
Nickerson, Anna Robinson-,
113.
Nicol, Jennie, 19, 89.
Norris, Dr. Phoebe R., 101, 135.
Northern California Alumnae
Club, 154.
Northern New York Alumnae
Club, 154.
Northwestern University, 40.
Nu Chapter of I. C., 35, 65.
Ohio Alpha, 37.
Ohio Beta, 40.
Ohio Gamma, 61.
Ohio State University, 40.
Oklahoma Alpha, 48.
Oklahoma Alumnae Club, 154.
Omega Chapter of I. C., 35, 66.
Omega Gamma Sigma, 54.
Omicron Chapter of I. C., 65, 73.
Onken, Amy Burnham, 117, 173.
Ontario Alpha, 47.
Oquawka Convention, 31, 72,
89.
Ottumwa Chapter of I. C., 66.
Ottumwa Convention, 79.
Pallas Athenae, 98.
Cora Panabaker, 92, 93, 169.
Pan-Hellenic Conventions, 109,
233.
Pardoe, Lizzie Guthrie-, 60.
Patroness' Pin, 109, 112.
Patton, Emma, 90, 91, 169.
Peery, Bessie, 183.
Pella College, 59.
Pennsylvania Alpha, 39.
Pennsylvania Beta, 41.
Pennsylvania Gamma, 45.
Phi Delta Theta, 96, 99.
Phi Gamma Delta, 19, 98.
Phi Psi, 95, 96.
Philadelphia Alumnae Club,
155.
Phillips, Luella Vance-, 61.
Pi Beta Phi Fraternity, 97, 98,
109, 114, 116, 118, 123, 124,
142, 145, 148, 182, 207.
Birth, 19.
First Meeting, 20.
First Constitution, 20, 21.
Grip, 20.
Second Meeting, 20.
National Organization, 21.
Badge, 21.
First Officers, 21.
Change of name, 80, 97.
Pittsburgh Alumnae Club, 155.
Plank, Elva, 79, 93, 95, 96, 97,
169.
Plans for Organization, 77, 93.
Policy, 109, 111, 114.
Pollard, Mary 0., 247, 248.
Portland Alumnae Club, 156.
Preston, Kate F., 31, 62, 71, 90.
Province Organizations, 84, 98.
99, 102, 116.
Province Presidents, 99, 100,
101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106,
107, 108, 110, 113, 115.
Province Reunions or Conven-
tions, 83, 101.
Province Secretaries, 111, 115,
117.
Province Vice-Presidents, 84,
116, 117.
Psi Chapter of I. C., 60.
Quaintance, Adaline M., 41.
Recognition pin, 116, 123.
Reisinger, Blanche G., 142.
Reynolds, Belle T., 41.
Rho Chapter of I. C., 63.
INDEX
271
Rhode Island Alumnae Club,
156.
Richards, Louise Parks-, 59.
Richardson, Sara, 31, 33, 211.
Ricketts, Minnie H. Newby-,
37, 38, 80, 98, 99, 100, 101,
170.
Ried, Mary Thompson-, 135,
183.
Ritual, 98, 101.
Robert's Rules of Order, 96.
Robinson, Eileen M. Weaver-,
217, 218.
Robinson, Ella Ham-, 182, 183.
Robinson, Florence P., 105, 106,
108, 110, 113, 171, 172, 185,
186, 187, 189.
Rochester Alumnae Club, 156.
Rogers, Julia E., 114, 172,
245.
Roll of Active Chapters, 11.
Roll of Inactive Chapters, 14.
Rowell, Georgiana, 99, 170, 189.
Rowell, Jennie L., 223.
Rugg, Sarah Gertrude Pome-
roy-, 112, 116, 117, 172, 173,
189, 190, 219, 220.
St. Joseph Alumnae Club, 157.
St. Lawrence University, 52.
St. Louis Alumnae Club, 158.
Salaries of Grand Officers, 114,
136
Scholarships, 109, 111, 114, 217.
Scholarship, The Lucinda
Smith -Buchan, 151.
Seattle Alumnae Club, 157.
Shannon, Mary E., 204.
Sherwood, Florence, 42.
Shover, Esther Fay, 188.
Sigma Chapter of I. C., 60.
Simpson College, 33, 75, 91, 92.
Sioux City Alumnae Club, 156.
Sioux Falls Alumnae Club, 156.
Sisson, Grace Lass-, 40, 42, 43,
44, 46, 101, 102, 103, 104, 171.
Small, Rainie Adamson-, 36,
79, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 123, 165,
170.
Smith, Elda L., 47, 61, 108, 110,
112, 116, 172.
Smith, Elizabeth Church, 41,
203.
Smith, Ina B. (Mrs. Soule), 19,
58.
Smith, Lelia Lane-, 135.
Sober, Gertrude Clark-, 41, 186.
Song Book, 101.
Sparks, Sarah F., 135.
Spokane Alumnae Club, 158.
Springfield Alumnae Club, 158.
State Institute, (Bloomington,
Ind.), 62, 90.
State Organizations, 77, 92.
Statutes, 107.
Steel, Alice Johnson-, 65.
Stern, Amelia Alpiner-, 104.
Sterrett, Mary, 90, 169.
Sterrett, Sarah M., 135.
Stetson University, J. B., 51.
Stidger, Helena Dorr-, 35.
Stine, Corinne Super-, 100, 101,
171, 195.
Stock, Leah, 149, 248.
Stuart, Anne, 117, 173, 204.
Sturgis, Annis, 44.
Sutliff, Addie, 36.
Sutliff, Helen B., 36, 41, 99, 100,
101, 102, 170, 171, 183.
Swisher, Nell Custer-, 93, 94.
169, 170, 178.
Sylvester, Alice Pierce-, 135,
185.
Syracuse Alumnae Club, 158.
Syracuse University, 42.
Tannahill, Anna Lytle-, 50.
Tau Beta, 46.
Tau Chapter at Galesburg, 35,
63.
Texas Alpha, 45.
Theiss, Mary Bartol-, 45, 46,
105, 106, 108, 112, 115, 116,
171, 172, 189, 190, 197, 203.
Theta Chapter of I. C., 62.
Thompson, Fannie A., 19, 58,
89.
Titles of General Officers, 74,
76, 78, 80, 91.
Toledo Alumnae Club, 159.
Tomlinson, Emma, 65.
Topeka Alumnae Club, 159.
272
INDEX
Toronto Alumnae Club, 159.
Tourtellotte, Louise, 49.
Travelling Delegate, 83, 104,
107.
Tri City Alumnae Club, 160.
Troth, Mira, 79, 100, 170, 182,
183.
Tulsa Alumnae Club, 160.
Turner, Emma Harper, 37, 83,
97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 133, 134,
136, 165, 170, 245.
Tuthill, Addie Dickey-, 181.
Tyler, Zuell Preston-, 39.
Undergraduate Loan Fund, 114,
116.
University of Arkansas, 48.
University of Colorado, 35.
University of Denver, 36.
University of Illinois, 42.
University of Indiana, 39.
University of Michigan, 37.
University of Missouri, 44.
University of Ohio, 61.
University of Oklahoma, 48.
University of Texas, 45.
University of Toronto, 47.
University of Vermont, 44.
University of Washington, 46.
University of Wisconsin, 41.
University of Wyoming, 49.
Upsilon Chapter of I. C., 35.
Valet, Edith, 200.
Vance, Laurie Light-, 101.
Vermont Alpha, 40.
Vermont Beta, 44.
Virginia Alpha, 51.
Von Hoist, Lucy Hammond-,
247.
Von Hon, Ida, 196.
Waco Alumnae Club, 161.
Wadsworth, Mary Mathilda.
217, 218.
Walfenden, Florence E., 183.
Wallace, Prude Kibbon-, 59.
Waller, Miriam Prindle-, 135.
186.
Walls, M. Annette Jones-, 60.
Ware, Loe Mary, 43.
Washington Alpha, 46.
Washington Alumnae Club,
114, 160.
Washington Beta, 50.
Washington State College.
(Pullman), 50.
Washington University, (Seat-
tle), 47.
Watt, Roberta Frye-, 46, 199.
Welch, Iva A., 186, 187.
Wesleyan College, 60, 94.
Western Massachusetts Alum-
nae Club, 161.
"What a Fraternity Girl
Thinks," 184.
Whistle of Pi Beta Phi, 125.
Whitenack, Fannie B. (Mrs.
Libby), 19, 20, 58, 107.
Widner, Dessie, 35.
Wilson, Edith, 149, 248.
Wilson, Elmira, 223.
Wilson, Estaline, 221, 222.
Wilson, Mary Badger, 218, 219.
Wing, Emma Livingston, 94,
170, 178.
Wisconsin Alpha, 41.
Woman's Pan-Hellenic Con-
gress, 82.
Woodman, Sophie P., 172, 173,
189.
Wooster Alumnae Club, 161.
World's Columbian Exposition,
82.
Wright, Mary L. Burton-, 38.
Wyoming Alpha, 49.
Xi Tau, 47.
Yell of Pi Beta Phi, 125.
York Alumnae Club, 162.
Young, Margaret, 248.
Zeppenfeld, Jeannette, 110, 112
172.
Zeta Chapter of I. C., 59.
Zeta Omega Chapter of I. C. :
66, 73.
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