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IIIIIIIIMIIIIIiii 


HISTORY 


-OF  THE— 


POLAND  CHINA 

Breed  of  Swine 


VOLUME  I 


Published  by 

POLAND  CHINA  HISTORY  ASSOCIATION 

1921 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Coneress  in  the  year  1921,  by 
JOSEPH  RAY  DAVIS  and  HARVEY  S.  DUNCAN 
in  tlie  offlce  of  the 
LiBnARiAN  or  Congress,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


In  compliance  with  current  copyright  law,  Etherington 

Conservation  Services  produced  this  replacement  volume 

on  paper  that  meets  ANSI  Standard  Z39.48-1992  and  ISO 

9706.  Preservation  facsimile  printing  and  binding 

by  Etherington  Conservation  Services 

Browns  Summit,  North  Carolina. 

www.thehfgroup.com 

2008 

CX) 


Conservation  Services 

sH-Group 


PREFACE 

Knowledge  is  the  vital  force  in  human 
progress,  and  authentic  history  is  an  essential 
element  of  knowledge. 

A  century  of  evolution  embodying  the  vision, 
aspiration,  labor  and  skill  of  American  husband- 
men has  resulted  in  the  modern  Poland  China, 
the  only  strictly  American  Breed  of  Live  Stock. 

Through  many  years  devoted  to  personal 
contact  and  research  we  have  succeeded  in 
giving  to  the  present  and  future  generations  of 
Swine  growers  this  work  to  the  end  that  those 
who  study  it  may  gain  inspiration  and  enlighten- 
ment, pleasing,  helpful  and  profitable  to  them. 

With  gracious  thanks  to  all  who  supported 
our  labors  we  dedicate  it  to  the  memory  of  those 
whose  activities  form  its  earlier  chapters,  ta 
those  of  the  present  day  who  guide  now  the 
Breed's  destinies,  and  to  those  of  the  countless 
To-morrows  who  will  prize  such  a  heritage. 

The  Authors. 


CONTENTS 


Preface. 

I.  Origin  and  Development 1 

II.  Originators  and  Promoters 3 

III.  Naming  of  the  Breed 11 

IV.  The  First  Pedigree  and  the  Record  Associations 12 

V.  Foundation  Material 16 

VI.  Prominent  Boars  Up  to  1890 19 

VII.  Prominent  Boars  Between  1890  AND  1900 24 

VIII.  Prominent  Boars  Between  1900  AND  1910 31 

IX.  Prominent  Boars  Between  1910  and  1915 37 

X.  Prominent  Boars  Between  1915  and  1920 52 

XI.  Foundation  Boars  of  the  Poland  Chinas 78 

XII.  Hot  Bloods,  Cold  Bloods,  Medium  Types  AND  Big  Types.  . .  84 

XIII.  The  Score  Card  and  Its  Influence 87 

XIV.  Auction  Sales  and  Their  Beginning 91 

XV.  Peter  Mouw  and  Thirty-five  Years  of  Big  Types 93 

XVI.  High  Selling  Poland  Chinas 101 

XVII.  Fecundity  and  Prolificacy 106 

XVIII.  Pol.\nd  China  as  a  Feeder  and  Lard  Producer 108 

XIX.  Important  Brood  Sows  and  Their   Influence  on  Breed 

Building    110 

XX.  Pedigrees  and  Their  Importance  to  Breed  Improvement.  .  122 

XXI.  National  Swine  Show  Poland  China  Winners 130 

XXII.  Poland  China  Champions  1910  to  1920 143 

XXIII.  The  Wide  Dissemination  of  the  Breed 160 

XXIV.  The  Three  Record  Associations  Organize  for  Breed  Pro- 

motion    162 

XXV.  The  Dawn  of  Breed  Journalism 170 

XXVI.  The  Breed's  Decline 174 

XXVII.  The  Breed's  Redemption 178 

XXVIII.  The  Aftermath 193 

Illustrations,  Animal  and  Advertisers'  Index  Begin 275 


Joseph  Rat  Davis 


Haevbt  S.  Duncan 


CHAPTER  I 

Origin  and  Development 

1  HE  origin  of  the  Poland  China  has  its  beginning  in  the  Miami  Valley, 
Butler  and  Warren  counties,  Ohio.  This  is  an  undulating  region  with  a 
prevailing  clay-loam  soil,  excepting  in  the  river  bottom.  The  Great 
Miami  tlows  through  Butler  county,  the  valley  of  which  is  twelve  miles 
wide  and  very  fertile.  The  Little  Miami  river  drains  the  greater  part  of 
Warren  county.  Corn,  wheat,  oats,  grass  and  clover  are  grown  ex- 
tensively in  both  counties,  which  cover  about  eight  hundred  and  fifty 
square  miles. 

The  early  settlers  of  the  Miami  Valley  were  most  fortunately  situated 
for  raising  swine.  The  greatest  variety  of  rich,  nutritious  grasses  in  the 
low  land  and  on  the  hills,  with  many  kinds  of  nut  bearing  trees,  fur- 
nishes mast  enough  to  feed  and  fatten  vast  droves  of  swine. 

Cincinnati,  a  thriving  city  on  the  Ohio  river,  whose  commerce  was 
then  at  high  tide,  contributed  much  to  the  rapid  development  of  the  new 
hog.  The  east  and  the  south  were  her  customers,  and  steamers  loaded 
at  her  wharf  with  pork,  bacon  and  lard,  for  the  new  and  growing  west. 

Prior  to  1816  two  well  recognized  breeds  of  swine,  Russia  and  Byfield, 
were  used  in  the  Miami  Valley.  The  Russia  was  white  in  color,  extra 
large,  narrow  loin,  heavy  bone,  pointed  ears,  coarse  hair,  late  to  mature, 
but  quiet  and  very  industrious.  The  Byfield  had  two  types:  first,  large 
and  coarse  like  the  Russia,  extra  length  and  height,  and  white  in  color; 
second,  small,  fine  hair,  small  ear,  large  jowl,  short  nose,  extra  broad 
back,  and  dished  face.  Both  breeds  were  recognized  as  superior  to 
the  common  hog  in  that  day,  and  were  freely  crossed  with  the  native 
hogs. 

In  the  year  1816,  the  Shaker  Society,  through  their  trustee,  John 
Wallace,  secured  one  boar  and  three  sows  from  a  firm  in  Philadelphia. 
These  were  known  as  Big  China  hogs.  The  boar  and  two  sows  were 
white,  while  the  third  sow  had  sandy  to  black  spots.  Historians  believe 
they  were  the  same  hogs  that  were  so  popular  about  this  time  in  the 
states  of  Maryland,  Pennsylvania,  and  Virginia.  They  were  large  and 
very  smooth,  and  when  crossed  on  the  Russia  and  Byfield,  produced 
superior  feeders,  improving  the  character  of  the  Miami  Valley  pigs,  re- 
sulting in  what  became  widely  known  as  the  "Warren  County  Hog." 
Weights  of  some  are  given  as  high  as  twelve  hundred  to  fifteen  hundred 
pounds. 

Hogs  were  bred  for  two  important  requirements,  size  and  good  trav- 
elers. They  were  driven  to  market  and  in  some  cases  were  compelled 
to  travel  nearly  one  hundred  miles. 

Between  1816  and  1835  the  swine  industry  of  southwestern  Ohio  had 
a  great  impetus,  due  to  the  beneficial  effects  of  the  Big  China.  About 
the  year  1835  the  old-fashioned  Berkshire  was  introduced  in  the  Miami 
Valley.     This  hog  was  extra  large,  spotted  or  red  in  color,  with  large 


2  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

lieavy  ears  hanging  down  lo  the  nose.  They  were  nearly  as  large  as  the 
Warren  county  hog  and  added  sjTiimetry  to  the  above  crosses. 

In  1839  the  Irish  Grazier,  three  in  number,  a  large  white  hog,  was 
brought  in  the  valley  by  Wm.  Neff.  This  new^  hog  grew  to  immense 
size  if  fed  two  or  three  years.  They  w^ere  great  travelers,  having  extra 
heavy  bone.  Their  superior  points  over  the  Warren  county  hog  were 
stronger  backs,  broader  loin  and  greater  length,  especially  between  the 
shoulder  and  ham.  The  three  imported  by  Neff  with  their  descendants 
were  the  only  Irish  Graziers  brought  into  the  Miami  Valley. 

Some  historians  have  fixed  1846  as  the  year  of  the  discontinuance  of 
all  outside  blood  in  crossing  on  the  Warren  county  hog.  In  the  Hark- 
rader  neighborhood  from  1842  there  were  no  further  outside  crosses, 
and  from  that  time  until  this  date,  improvement  has  been  made  by  selec- 
tion only.  The  breeders  of  swine  in  this  valley  organized  for  the  promo- 
tion of  the  new  breed — "They  became  thoroughly  assured  that  they  had 
the  elements,  the  basis  of  a  good  breed  of  hogs,  and  by  judicious  dis- 
criminating breeding  they  could  produce  and  thoroughly  establish  a 
breed  of  swine  that  w-ould  meet  the  demands  of  the  country." 

The  marked  improvement  in  the  form  of  symmetry  of  the  Warren 
county  hog  began  after  better  roads  were  built  and  canals  and  railroads 
saved  the  necessity  of  driving  manj'  miles  to  market.  The  demand  for 
travelers  declined,  and  the  animal  that  could  assimilate  the  greatest 
amount  of  corn,  clover  and  grass  in  the  shortest  time  was  sought.  This 
called  for  the  hog  of  quiet  temperament,  that  would  not  consume  feed 
and  waste  it  in  the  expenditure  of  force,  rather  in  laying  on  flesh.  The 
families  of  quiet  disposition  were  always  found  to  be  the  most  profitable 
feeders  and  good  breeders. 

In  the  increased  facilities  for  transportation  not  only  lessened  the 
value  of  the  hog,  whose  first  recommendation  was  that  he  was  a  good 
traveler,  and  could  walk  any  distance,  but  it  increased  the  price  of  corn 
bringing  it  nearer  the  consumer.  Hence  the  increased  necessity  for  a 
most  economical  pork  producer. 

In  the  earliest  history  of  the  swine  in  the  West,  the  farmers  trusted  to 
the  range  of  untilled  lands  and  forests  for  the  growth  of  frame,  and 
then  fattened  their  hogs  on  corn  alone.  As  the  range  in  the  forests 
diminislicd  with  the  settling  up  of  the  country,  the  necessity  of  providing 
its  equivalent  was  met  in  the  increased  acreage  of  clover  and  grass.  The 
excellence  of  this  feed  enabled  the  farmer  to  put  on  the  market  fat  hogs 
at  an  earlier  age.  Cheaper  pork  could  be  made  in  less  time  by  grazing  in 
small  enclosures  and  on  grain  feed,  than  when  hogs  spent  their  force  in 
rambling.  Instead  of  the  lankness  of  form  and  the  length  of  limb  and 
head  induced  by  roaming  and  irregular  and  scanty  feeding,  began  to 
appear  the  shortened  head  and  leg  and  the  more  rounded  form  and 
luller  digestive  power. 


CHAPTER  II 

Originators  and  Promoters 

Shaker  society:— None  connected  with  the  early  work  of  improv- 
ing the  breed  deserves  more  credit  and  praise  than  do  the  members  of 
the  Shaker  society.  The  Shakers  owe  their  origin  to  Ann  Lee,  who  was 
born  in  Manchester,  England,  February  29,  1736,  emigrated  to  America 
in  1774,  and  died  September  8,  1784.  The  first  church  building  was 
erected  in  autumn  of  1785,  and  the  first  formal  organization  of  the  so- 
ciety was  in  September,  1787,  at  Mount  Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  which  was  the 
parent  colony  thereafter. 

Union  Village,  in  Warren  county,  Ohio,  the  first  colony  in  the  west, 
largely  owes  its  location  to  Malcolm  Worley.  He  was  converted  and 
used  his  influence  over  his  neighbors  in  the  building  of  a  colony.  His 
house  still  stands  near  the  center  of  the  society's  estate.  Union  Village 
may  date  their  origin  to  the  year  1805.  In  1800,  Ohio  had  a  population 
of  about  45,000  and  Cincinnati  with  about  500,  while  in  1810  the  state 
had  increased  to  230,760,  and  Cincinnati  to  2,540.  The  Shakers  numbered 
126  souls  in  Ohio  in  1805  and  by  1811  had  increased  to  300. 

The  Shaker  society  was  a  religious  sect,  believing  that  all  property 
should  be  owned  jointly,  and  that  every  phase  of  life  should  be  lived 
to  do  the  most  good  for  each  other  spiritually.  They  were  against  mar- 
riage, and  did  not  permit  the  reading  of  books,  magazines  or  papers, 
other  than  those  published  by  their  own  sect.  Everything  was  owned 
in  common,  and  as  for  progress  in  the  methods  of  handling  a  great  many 


THE  Main  Bt-ildings  of  the  Shaker  Society,  Union  Vil- 
lage, Ohio 
Mrs.  W.  M.  McFadden  in  Foreground 


4  HISTORY  OF  POI.AND  CHlSA  SWINE 

of  their  nianulactured  goods,  their  members  were  rated  superior  to  the 
outside  world.  Many  of  the  inventions  of  their  time  are  credited  to  the 
Shaker  members. 

The  society  was  against  war,  and  were  often  persecuted  by  soldiers 
and  officers  of  the  army  during  the  wars  of  1812,  1847,  1863.  During 
the  Civil  War,  Secretary  Stanton  decided  that  the  Shakers,  as  fast  as 
drafted,  should  be  furloughed,  which  was  afterwards  confirmed  by 
President  Lincoln. 

Probably  the  greatest  leader  of  the  Shakers  was  Elder  David  Darrow. 
His  genius  and  that  of  the  coadjutors  may  in  part  be  realized,  when  it 
is  considered  that  the  colony  passed  througli  rapid  changes  in  many 

ways from  log  huts  to  frame  buildings,  and  thence  to  substantial  brick 

buildings  for  dwellings,  with  all  other  necessary  improvements.  A  re- 
view of  the  gigantic  undertakings  shows  a  sawmill  in  1807,  and  a  new 
one  in  1808;  a  new  church  in  1809  and  a  new  one  in  1818;  in  1819,  the 


One  of  the  Buiujings  Belonging  to  the  Shaker  Society,  U.vi' 


Village,  O. 


population  had  increased  to  about  600,  among  which  were  blacksmiths, 
masons,  stone  cutters,  carpenters,  tanners,  fullers,  clothiers,  cabinet- 
makers, tailors,  weavers,  carders,  spinners,  etc.,  all  of  whom  were  em- 
ployed in  their  favorite  vocation.  All  the  clothing,  boots,  shoes,  etc., 
used  by  the  colony  were  made  by  its  members.  Besides  this  their  land 
produced  nearly  all  their  living,  animal,  vegetable  and  fruits.  Tea  and 
coffee  were  not  used,  and  the  beverages  consisted  of  spices,  brush  sassa- 
fras, roots,  sage,  etc.,  all  grown  on  their  farm.  The  fields  produced 
large  crops  of  corn,  flax,  wheat,  rye,  etc.  The  chief  industries  consisted 
of  raising  garden  seed,  preserving  and  packing  herbs,  manufacturing 
woolen  goods,  brooms,  flour,  oil,  extracts  of  roofs  for  medicine,  sorghum, 
cattle  and  hogs. 

The  officers  of  the  society  were,  first  in  the  ministry  and  his  assistant 
for  the  men,  and  first  in  the  ministry  and  her  assistant  for  the  women, 
plus  a  person  in  charge  of  eadi  house  for  both  the  men  and  the  women, 
and  trustees,  usually  three,  who  wire  appointed  by  the  parent  colony 


ORIGINATORS   AND   PROMOTERS 


at  Mount  Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  subject  to  tlie  approval  of  the  Union  Village. 
The  first  minister  had  direct  supervision  over  the  entire  colony,  and  the 
trustees  were  in  immediate  charge  of  all  farm  operations.  They  made 
a  written  report  each  day  to  the  first  minister  in  charge  and  these  reports 
for  the  most  part  are  now  in  the  files  of  the  Ohio  State  Archaeological 
and  Historical  society,  Columbus,  Ohio. 

John  Wallace,  a  trustee,  made  a  business  trip  to  Philadelphia  in  1816 
and  while  there  was  shown  some  hogs  called  Big  Chinas.  He  purchased 
four,  a  boar  and  three  sows,  and  these  were  crossed  on  the  common 
hogs  then  on  the  farms  of  the  Shaker  colony.  So  thorough  were  the 
members  of  the  society  in  every  line  of  work,  that  the  improvements  in 
the  swine  pens  were  nothing  unusual  for  the  society,  at  least  practically 
no  mention  is  given  in  the  history  regarding  it,  but  the  appreciation  of 
the  added  improvement  in  better  swine  was  shown  by  the  farmers  living 
near  the  colony,  in  the  purchase  of  breeding  stock. 

The  rules  or  government  of  the  society  became  so  severe  that  the 
young  folks  growing  up  in  the  care  of  the  society,  noting  the  many  thingi 
of  which  they  were  denied  and  that  other  young  folks  of  the  locality 
were  enjoying,  began  to  break  away  and  leave  the  society.  From  the 
300  members  in  the  entire  state  of  Ohio  in  1811,  the  believers  had 
dwindled  to  255  by  1859,  and  to  90  in  1903.  The  membership  in  the 
entire  United  States  in  1823  was  4000,  and  in  1901  was  600.  As  this  book 
is  written  there  are  but  8  left  who  were  connected  with  the  Union  Vil- 
lage, one  man  and  7  women,  who  because  of  their  extreme  age  will  soon 
be  numbered  among  the  deceased. 

D.  M.  Magie: — Beginning  at  a  time  when  the  Shaker  society  was  at 
its  zenith,  D.  M.  Magie  began  his  work  in  the  marketing  and  breeding  of 
the  Warren  county  hog.     He  was  born  in  the  state  of  New  Jersey  in 
1811,    and    two    years    later    the    family 
moved  to  Oxford,  Butler  county,  Ohio. 
With    his    father    he   became    identified 
with   the   raising  of   live  stock  in   1837. 
Records  show  that  the  Magies,  as  early 
as  1840,  drove  hundreds  of  hogs  of  their 
own  breeding  to  the  markets  of  Cincin- 
nati.   The  superior  quality  of  these  ani- 
mals attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention 
among  the  leading  stockmen,  who  pur- 
chased   many    for    breeding    purposes. 
.  This  gave  Magie  the  idea  of  disseminat- 

^^^^^  >^^        ing  the  blood  of  his  hogs;  its  working  out 

^^^^^^  ^^^L     brought  to  him  the  credit  of  being  the 

^^^^^^^  HhI     greatest   advertiser  and    shipper   of   his 

H^^^^^^  lM|^     day.     So  successful  was  he  in  his  adver- 

^^^^^^b  i>'^^R     tising  that  the  demand  for  his  stock  ex- 

^ '•'^^^^1    ccidcd  the  output,  so  he  would  be  seen 

^  j^j   ^^^^  I  driving  aroimd  the  countrj'  with  a  wagon 

l>icking  up  the  better  hogs  in  the  com- 
munity to  help  fill  his  orders.  Many  shipments  were  made  to  foreign 
countries.  In  later  years  Magie  tried  to  establish  his  claim  to  being  the 
originator  of  the  Poland  China  breed,  but  a  committee  appointed  by  th-j 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


National  Swine  Breeders  convention  reported  in  their  meeting  held  in 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in  1872,  that  this  claim  was  unfounded.     Later,  when 

the  recording  associations  were  being  formed,  Magie  held  out  against 

them  and  never  would  sanction  the  use  of  a  pedigree.    This  action  on 

his  part  led  the  records  afterwards  to  refuse  to  accept  pedigrees  of  ani- 
mals purchased  from  his  herd. 

A.  C.  Moore:— Born  in  Butler  county,  Ohio,  in  1821,  A.  C.  Moore  early 

became  a  great  booster  for  the  Warren  county  hog.     In  1854  he  moved 

to  Fulton   county,    Illinois,    taking   with 

him   eleven   sows.    To  Mr.   Moore   great 

credit   is   due   for  breed   dissemination, 

as  he  was   persistent   in    exhibiting  his 

hogs   at   the   leading   shows   during   the 

sixties.    From  this  method  his  sales  grew 

tremendously,  especially  in  states  of  the 

West,  and  in  foreign  countries.     Unlike 

Magie,  Mr.  Moore  raised  the  majority  of 

his  breeding  stock,  having  at  least  four 

farms  as  early  as  the  seventies,  with  an 

aggregate  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  sows 

and  eight  herd  boars.    Mr.  Moore  was  al- 
ways partial  to  his  first  love,  the  Spotted 

Poland    China,   keeping   his   herds   well 

spotted.     It  might  be  said  from  his  herd 

came   the    foundation    material    for   the 

present  day  Spotted  Poland  Chinas  that 

are   eligible   to   the   recognized   records. 

He  was  a  charter  member  of  the  American  Poland  China  Record  and  a 

loyal  breed  booster  even  to  his  death  in  1907. 

John   Harkrader: -John   Harkrader,   Springboro,   Ohio,  is  credited 

with  being  the  real  constructive  breeder  of  his  day.     Carl  Freigau,  the 

originator  of  the  first  Poland  China  record,  pays  to  Mr.  Harkrader  the 
following  tribute:  "John  Harkrader  is 
one  of  those  pioneer  breeders  of  Poland 
Chinas  who  deserves  the  credit  of  origin- 
ating and  improving  this  favorite  breed. 
His  farm  is  located  near  Springboro  in 
Warren  county,  Ohio,  and  there  he  raised 
those  fine  specimens  of  hogs  that  breed- 
ers from  far  and  near  were  anxious  to 
obtain  for  improving  their  herds."  While 
there  were  many  skillful  and  judicious 
breeders  engaged  in  perfecting  this  noted 
breed,  still  it  has  been  acknowledged  by 
all  fair-minded  men  that  no  man  de- 
serves more  credit  for  the  improvement 
of  the  Poland  China  hog  at  that  time  than 
does  John  Harkrader.  He  was  born  in 
Wythe  county,  Virginia,  and  moved  with 
his  parents  to  a  farm  near  Springboro, 
Warren  Counlv,  Ohio.    Like  his  father  he 


ORIGINATORS   AND   PROMOTERS  7 

was  a  typical  Virginian,  so  to  speak,  being  of  the  mountain  district,  where 
luxuries  were  not  known,  and  homes  were  built  out  of  logs,  furniture 
hewn  from  the  great  logs,  and  clothing,  bedding,  etc.,  home-made.  After 
moving  to  Ohio  the  senior  Harkrader  assisted  the  son  in  clearing  the  land 
to  establish  the  new  home.  Their  farm  was  located  two  miles  southeast 
of  the  little  village  of  Blue  Ball  and  about  two  and  one-half  miles  south- 
west of  the  Shaker  village.  The  Shaker  society  kept  nothing  but  the 
best  in  the  way  of  live  stock  and  were  great  feeders  and  caretakers.  This 
pleased  Harkrader  very  much,  as  his  ambitions  from  boj^hood  were  to 
raise  live  stock  and  to  have  them  a  little  better  than  anyone  else.  So 
early  they  cleared  the  ground  for  the  live  stock,  building  substantial 
barns  and  sheds  to  give  shelter  and  warmth.  The  claim  of  the  Shaker 
society  to  the  origin  of  a  new  breed  of  hogs  aroused  the  interest  of  John 
Harkrader  and  it  was  from  them  that  he  secured  his  first  start  in  what 
we  now  know  as  Poland  Chinas.  A  cousin  of  John  Harkrader  in  writ- 
ing to  one  of  the  newspapers  had  this  to  say  regarding  the  methods  John 
Harkrader  used  in  caring  for  his  herds:  "This  John  Harkrader  kept 
his  farm  in  the  best  possible  condition  for  the  hogs;  kept  them  so  that 
they  were  well  sheltered  from  all  cold  in  the  winter  and  with  good  shel- 
ter in  hot  weather.  He  always  had  plenty  of  good  clean  water,  gave 
excellent  slop  and  bred  them  with  the  greatest  care,  always  taking  pains 
to  get  good  sires  from  the  Shakers  and  others  that  were  no  way  related 
or  inbred  with  his  own  stock.  Great  care  was  taken  with  the  feeding 
of  his  animals.  They  were  never  fed  in  large  droves,  but  were  kept  in 
separate  or  smaller  lots  in  such  a  way  that  they  would  not  fight  or  crowd 
each  other  and  he  always  made  an  effort  to  keep  those  of  a  like  age 
together  in  the  same  feeding  pens.  These  pens  were  always  clean  and 
free  from  dirt,  filth  and  manure.  The  floors  from  which  the  hogs  ate 
were  always  kept  clean,  which  fact  no  doubt  added  materially  to  the 
health  and  general  thriftiness  of  his  hogs.  He  was  a  great  believer  in 
the  use  of  pastures  for  his  hogs,  always  pasturing  them  in  small  droves. 
He  took  a  great  pride  in  exhibiting  the  best  of  his  hogs  at  the  state  and 
county  fairs  and  always  brought  home  a  large  portion  of  the  premiums, 
which  were  prominently  displayed  in  the  Harkrader  home.  In  1852, 
Mr.  Harkrader  marketed  four  hundred  head  of  his  hogs  in  Cincinnati 
that  averaged  about  four  hundred  pounds  around  at  an  age  of  approxi- 
mately eighteen  months.  Breeding  stock  was  sold  far  and  near  ranging 
in  prices  from  $80  to  $99,  which  was  considered  extremely  high."  In 
1855  a  brother  to  John  Harkrader,  known  as  Samuel,  moved  with  his 
family  to  Hancock  county,  Illinois,  and  took  with  him  some  twelve  or 
fifteen  of  John's  hogs,  and  from  this  herd  a  large  number  of  the  western 
farmers  secured  their  breeding  stock  that  later  developed  into  the  Po- 
land China  breed  of  swine.  John  Harkrader  was  in  stature  a  small  man 
and  was  commonly  called  "Little  John"  by  his  friends.  He  was  a  great 
man  to  be  always  hollering  and  talking  aloud,  always  bragging  on  his 
hogs  and  on  the  candidate  for  the  democrats.  He  was  an  excellent 
business  man  and  amiable  to  get  along  with.  He  died  at  the  age  of  forty- 
five  years,  just  about  the  close  of  the  Civil  War.  He  was  so  opposed 
to  the  United  States  government  over  the  Civil  War  that  he  got  led  into 
a  controversy  whereby  he  was  so  seriously  injured  that  the  injury  caused 
his  death.     In  all  other  respects  he  certainly  was  a  most  excellent  man 


8  HISTOHY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

of  good  and  clean  character,  a  great  help  to  the  community  in  which  ho 
lived  and  in  every  other  way,  excepting  only  in  this  one  weakness. 

H.  M.  &  W.  P.  SissoN.  C.alcsburg,  111.,  were  denominating  figures  in  the 
hog  business  tor  many  years.     They   were  two  of  the  finest,  brainy. 


HE.vnv    McC. 


dignified  gentlemen  of  the  profession.  They  commanded  respect,  not 
only  for  the  breed,  but  for  the  American  Poland  China  Record,  as  both 
were  charter  members  and  W.  P.  Sisson  the  first  president. 

E.  &  J.  M.  Ki.EVER,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio,  grew  up  under  the  influence 
of  the  prominent  and  most  successful  early  day  Poland  China  breeders. 
They  were  very  reserved,  willing  to  learn,  but  not  free  to  give  advice, 
keen  students  both  of  individual  merit  and  pedigree.  They  were  given 
the  distinction  as  being  tiic  greatest  showmen  of  their  day.  Their  hogs 
were  large  and  smooth,  very  prolific,  and  were  even  as  peas  in  a  pod. 


J.    iM.    Klevei 


OKIOINATOKS    AND    PHOMOTERS 


^ 


/^ 


J.     B.    DUFFIELD 


Breeding  stock  from  their  hcrtls  was  in 
great  demand  and  it  may  be  said,  with- 
out fear  of  contracUction,  that  they  fur- 
nislied  more  herd  boar  material  than  did 
any  other  one  or  two  herds  in  their  time. 
They  developed  the  Tecumseh  family 
that  has  proven  the  foundation  rock  of 
the  Poland  China  breed. 

James  B.  Duffiei.d,  Somerville,  Ohio, 
was  a  hale  fellow,  well  met  man,  very 
large  in  statue  and  rather  grufif.  Unable 
to  read  or  write,  yet  was  said  to  be  the 
smartest  uneducated  man  of  his  day.  A 
smooth  tradei",  always  keeping  his  clients 
on  the  anxious  seat  before  a  deal  could 
be  consummated.  His  herd  was  noted 
for  size,  and  many  of  the  hogs  of  that  day 
were  from  his  herd.  Tom  Corwin  2d,  one 
of  the  "pillars"  of  the  Poland  China 
breed,  was  bred  by  DufTield.  Those  who  knew  him  well,  vouch  for  his 
great  love  for  chewing  tobacco  and  excellent  red  whiskies. 

J.  W.  WiLMAMS,  Bryant,  Ind.,  began  the  raising  of  Poland  Chinas  in 
1864.  In  December,  1864,  just  after  his  honorable  discharge  from  the 
army,  he  purchased  from  Robert  Riggs,  Butler  county,  Ohio,  three  sows 
and  a  boar.  The  boar  was  named  Black  Bob,  and  one  of  the  sows  Black 
Maud.  From  this  mating  he  secured  a  litter  of  ten  pigs,  that  were 
exhibited  during  the  fall  of  1865  at  six  of  the  leading  county  and  district 
shows,  winning  the  highest  premiums  offered.  Perhaps  no  other 
breeder  of  Poland  Chinas  living  can  boast  of  over  fiftj^-five  years  of 
continuous  exhibiting  at  the  big  shows  of  the  country.  Such  has  been  the 
remarkable  career  of  "Uncle  John"  Williams,  as  he  lovingly  has  been 
called.  Among  the  great  boars  used  in  his 
herd  were  Alex  1,  Tom  Corwin  1137,  World 
Beater  1213  O,  U.  S.  1195,  Give  or  Take 
1585  O,  King  Butler,  son  of  King  Butler, 
known  as  Butler's  Darkness,  and  King  Te- 
cumseh 1 1793  A.  King  Tecumseh  was  used 
in  the  herd  several  years,  then  sold  to 
Marsh  &  Close,  Jesup,  Iowa,  at  a  long  price. 
A  son  was  retained,  known  as  Chief  Te- 
cumseh 10815  A,  afterwards  selling  to  H.  O. 
Correll,  Mechanicsburg,  111.,  and  shown  at 
the  Iowa  State  fair  in  1889,  winning  first  in 
class.  The  boar  was  then  sold  to  W.  A. 
Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa,  where  he  received 
the  official  name  of  Chief  Tecumseh,  and 
was  the  sire  of  the  renowned  Chief  Tecum- 
seh 2d.  In  later  years  the  great  boar,  Ciant 
Buster  240657,  "The  Epoch  Maker,"  was  de- 
veloped and  used  in  this  herd,  and  many 
great  breeding  sons  of  this  boar  were  dis-  j  ^^  Williams 


10 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINlv 


tributed  over  the  entire  United  States.  Mr.  Williams  was  born  in  Jay 
county,  Indiana,  in  1845,  and  has  lived  in  this  county  all  liis  life.  He 
was  one  of  the  early  members  of  the  Ohio  Poland  China  Record,  but 
recorded  some  in  the  American  and  Central  Records.  Later,  when  the 
Ohio  and  Central  were  consolidated, 
known  as  the  National  Poland  China 
Record  company,  he  was  for  many  years 
one  of  the  directors.  In  speaking  of 
some  of  the  Record  associations'  early 
problems,  he  says  that  the  directors  had 
their  hands  full  for  several  years  to  main- 
tain a  clean  and  up-to-date  record,  due 
to  a  very  rapidly  increasing  number  of 
breeders,  and  an  over-anxiousness  on  the 
part  of  some  to  record  pedigrees  other 
than  were  eligible  and  correct. 
j£-  ^S^^^m        D.wiD  Finch,  Oxford,  Ohio,  was  one  of 

^^^^||j|HjiktU'-*^£^|^^^H  those  slow,  apologetic,  keen  thinking 
v^^^^W         m^^^^^^^m     stockmen  to 

^^^^K  ^^^^^^^^^H  crowds  or  to  speak  unless  asked  a  ques- 
I^^^V       ^HHHim  ^*^t  h^  stands        one  of  the  great- 

est breeders  in  his  dav-    His  herd  was  an 
DAV.D  F.NCH  outstanding  sow  herd.'He  had  those  large, 

smooth  sows,  very  prolific,  that  were  sought  for  by  the  leading  show- 
men. Several  of  the  leading  strains  of  his  day  originated  in  his  herd, 
and  without  question  the  leading  show  sows  carried  the  blood  of  his 
great  herd  boars. 


CHAPTER 


Naming  the  Breed 


1  HE  general  accepted  name  for  the  new  breed  was  Warren  county 
hog.  In  the  early  sixties  the  names  of  "Poland"  and  "Big  China"  were 
being  used  almost  as  frequently  as  that  of  Warren  county  hog.  Magie 
Hog  was  also  used  by  many,  and  D.  M.  Magic  made  a  strenuous  fight  to 
sustain  his  claim  as  originator  of  the  breed.  Those  using  the  names  of 
"Poland"  and  "Big  China"  claimed  their  hogs  were  a  combination  of 
Poland  and  China  blood.  This  led  many  to  believe  that  a  new  hog  had 
been  imported  from  Poland  and  crossed  on  the  Warren  county  hog. 
More  or  less  investigation  followed  and  no  satisfactory  evidence  seemed 
to  support  the  claim.    Evidence  was  secured,  however,  to  show  that  in 


Mollis  Pike  220334 
by  Big   Chief  Defender  93293.     Dam   of  Passpor 
mUoN.     An   ExceUent  Producing   Sow 


one  neighborhood  an  individual  used  the  word  Poland  to  designate  the 
progeny  of  a  particular  animal  that  had  been  obtained  from  a  farmer, 
Asher  Asher,  who  was  a  Polander  by  birth  and  resided  in  Butler  county. 

In  November,  1872,  at  the  National  Swine  Breeders  convention  held 
at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  a  special  committee  which  had  been  appointed  at 
a  previous  meeting,  to  investigate  the  origin  of  the  breed,  made  a  report 
whicli  was  accepted.  In  this  report  no  recognition  was  given  to  the 
inlluence  of  the  Poland  blood,  but  the  committee  recommended  that  "in 
view  of  the  diflicultics  in  making  the  change  in  the  name  of  any  breed 
that  the  name  of  Poland-China  be  recognized  as  the  accepted  name  of 
said  breed." 

In  the  early  publications  the  hyphen  in  Poland-China  was  used,  but 
in  late  years  this  has  been  dropped  and  the  word  Poland  China  stands 
as  tiic  embodiment  of  perfection  in  swine  husbandry. 


CHAPTKIl  IV 


The  FiKST  Pedigree  and  the  Record  Associations 

Between  the  years  of  1872  and  1877  there  developed  a  practice 
among  the  farmers  of  Ohio  of  issuing  a  yearly  private  history  of  their 
farms,  in  particuhir  of  their  livestock.  Carl  Freigau,  a  young  man  of 
unusual  ability,  while  working  at  the 
printer's  trade  and  as  an  artist,  con- 
ceived the  idea  that  a  book  of  these 
various  herds  or  farm  histories  com- 
bined, well  illustrated,  might  be  sold 
at  a  profit  to  the  publisher  and  editor. 
So  strongly  did  this  appeal  to  him  that 
he  started  out  on  horseback,  visiting 
the  numerous  farms  in  the  Miami  Val- 
ley and  jotting  down  facts  most  inter- 
esting for  his  dreamed-of  publication. 
It  was  while  in  this  work  that  he 
caught  the  vision  of  making  his  pub- 
lication entirely  of  the  history  of  the 
Poland  China  hog.  Inflamed  by 
Freigau's  contagious  enthusiasm  and 
backed  by  the  ready  support  of  the 
breed's  promoters,  various  small  gath- 
erings were  held  and  the  publication's 
It  was  in  the  home  of  W.  C.  Hankinson, 
Blue  Ball,  Warren  county,  Ohio,  that  Freigau  had  called  a  gathering  of 
breeders,  among  whom  were  W.  C.  Hankinson,  J.  B.  Duffield,  Robert 
Oxtoby,  John  Milliken  and  James  Marshall,  to  make  further  plans.  This 
occasion  hap|)ened  in  the  month  of  September,  1876.  Fregiau  laid  be- 
fore them  his  first  pedigree,  which  read  as  follows: 

'"Lady  Pugh,*  white,  was  one  of  the  finest  sows  in  Warren  county, 
Ohio,  farrowed  in  July,  1865.  Bred  by  J.  B.  Pugh,  Franklin,  Warren 
county.  Ohio;  sold  to  W.  C.  Hankinson,  Blue  Ball,  Warren  county,  Ohio, 
in  the  fall  of  1868;  owned  by  him  until  she  died,  August  29,  1876.'  " 

.\fter  sufficient  data  had  been  procured  by  Freigau,  the  puuHcation 
of  the  book  was  made,  but  it  did  not  meet  the  ready  sale  that  he  had 
hoped,  incurring  a  great  expense  which  he  did  not  feel  capable  of 
iiandling,  so  (juietly  slipped  out  of  sight,  leaving  the  book,  expense  and 
all  upon  the  publisher,  M.  J.  Lawrence.  Being  very  much  interested  in 
the  contents  of  the  new  i)ubIication,  Mr.  Lawrence  (juickly  planned  an 
extensive  educational  campaign  through  his  farm  paper,  known  as 
the  Ohio  Farmer,  interesting  the  Poland  Ciiina  breeders,  and  later  helped 
organize  the  Ohio  Poland  China  Record  association,  using  the  Freigau 


contents  di.scussed  at  length 


THE  FIRST  PEDIGREE  AND  THE  RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS 


Home  of  W.T".  Hankinson,  Blue  BaLl,'  Warren  Coiintt,  Ohio 
Where  the  First  Poland  China  Pedigree  Was   Written.  August,  ISIU 

book  as  Volume  1  of  the  new  record.  The  book  was  a  complete  record 
of  the  historical  facts  of  the  breed,  and  with  the  co-operation  of  all  the 
breeders  within  the  state,  the  organization  started  off  with  a  rush.  All 
animals  accepted  for  record  from  then  on  had  to  trace  directly  to  ani- 
mals recorded  in  Volume  1. 

After  the  elapse  of  about  five  years  Freigau  came  back,  mysteriously 
as  he  had  gone,  and  because  of  his  unusual  ability  along  pedigree  lines, 
he  was  made  secretary  of  the  organization,  and  under  his  directions  the 
Record  prospered. 

In  January,  1878,  breeders  from  six  or  seven  of  the  middle  western 
states  met  at  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  and  organized  the  American  Poland 
China  Record  association.  In  the  latter  part  of  1879  John  Gilmore,  Vin- 
ton, Iowa,  was  appointed  secretary  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  continued  to 
hold  the  office  for  a  little  over  eleven  years.  He  may  be  rightly  termed 
"the  father  of  the  American  Record."  He  was  a  Scotchman  who  main- 
tained one  of  the  prominent  Iowa  herds  of  Poland  Chinas  for  a  great 
many  years,  exhibiting  with  considerable  success.  He  was  a  man  who 
had  many  warm  admirers,  but  was  not  what  is  known  as  a  "mixer." 
Those  closely  connected  with  him  in  the  record  gave  him  staunch  and 
loyal  support,  and  the  growth  of  the  rec- 
ord beginning  with  Volume  5,  and  end- 
ing with  Volume  11,  was  really  a  sensa- 
tion. In  those  days  no  produce  records 
were  kept,  no  certificates  of  registry  were 
issued,  and  all  pedigrees  were  retained 
in  the  office  for  a  year  until  a  required 
number  were  in  hand  to  issue  a  volume. 
Then  all  the  pedigrees  were  arranged  al- 
phabetically and  numbered. 

In  January,  1891,  W.  M.  McFadden, 
then  of  West  Liberty,  Iowa,  was  elected 
secretary  of  the  American  Poland  China 
Record,  to  succeed  Mr.  Gilmore.  The 
American  Record  is  now  the  largest  Po- 
land China  Record,  and  Mr.  McFadden 
has  been  its  secretary  since  1891.  They 
have  kept  abreast  of  the  times,  taking 
more  than  a  passing  interest  in  the  pro- 


14 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 


motion  of  the  breed,  subscribing  to  the  leading  shows,  and  were  the  pro- 
moters of  the  great  futurity  shows  that  have  done  more  to  buiUl  up  the 
breed  than  any  other  single  factor.  A  view  herd  owned  by  the  Record 
association  was  shipped  through  the  South  and  West  in  1915,  that 
changed  the  entire  populace  of  the  visited  country  into  Poland  China 
enthusiasts.  This  was  followed  up  with  sales  of  bred  sows,  gilts  and 
young  boars,  under  the  ownership  and  direction  of  the  Record  associa- 
tion, and  today  many  of  the  men  who  made  tlieir  first  purchases  in  one 
of  these  sales,  are  counted  among  the  foremost  breeders  of  the  breed. 
The  association  office  was  moved  to  Chicago  in  1903. 

The  receipts  for  the  year  1919  were  $79,919.55,  of  which  $60,032.50 
was  for  recording  fees.  For  1920,  receipts  $110,292.59,  of  which  -$88,110 
was  for  recording  fees. 

The  Standard  Poland  China  Record  association  was  organized  in 
1885,  but  did  not  secure  their  charter  until  1887.  Back  of  the  Standard 
existed  an  association  known  as  the  Northwest  Missouri  Poland  China 
Breeders'  association,  organized  in  1884.  The  object  of  the  organization, 
it  was  declared,  was  for  mutual  benefits  in  the  breeding  and  rearing  of 
Poland  China  swine. 

Article  9  of  the  association  reads  as  follows:  "Every  member  of  this 
association  shall  be  a  breeder  of  fine-bred  Poland  China  hogs,  either 
recorded  or  eligible  to  record  in  the  American,  Ohio,  or  Central  Poland 
China  Records." 

On  December  10,  1885,  Ira  K.  Alderman  of  Maryville,  Mo.,  suggested 
the  idea  of  organizing  a  new  Poland  China  record  for  the  reason  that 
western  breeders  were  constantly  annoyed  with  the  burden  of  buying 
three  or  four  sets  of  records  in  order  to  trace  their  pedigrees  of  their 
herds  intelligently.  His  plans  were  readily  accepted  by  the  members 
of  the  organization,  and  by  February,  1886,  the  Standard  Poland  China 
Record  association  had  been  fully  organized  and  began  to  receive  pedi- 


R^x:onD  .\! 
c,„uol  Con 


THE  FIRST  PEDIGREE  AND  THE  RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS  15 

grees.  The  first  volume  was  published  in  1887  and  contained  over  3000 
pedigrees,  many  of  which  were  the  re-recording  of  foundation  animals 
from  the  American,  Ohio  and  Central  Records.  This  new  feature  was 
heartily  received  by  Poland  China  breeders  everywhere,  as  they  were 
able  to  trace  the  history  of  their  hogs  directly  to  foundation  stock  with- 
out the  use  of  other  record  volumes.  Mr.  Alderman  served  as  secretary 
for  six  years  and  was  succeeded  by  Geo.  F.  Woodworth,  who  rendered 
very  efficient  services  for  over  twenty  years.  He  was  succeeded  in  1915 
by  Ray  Davis,  then  of  Lincoln,  Nebr.  It  was  during  this  administration 
that  an  effort  was  made  to  consolidate  the  three  existing  Poland  China 
Records,  a  movement  which  was  backed  by  the  leading  breeders  of  the 
entire  fraternity.  The  consolidation  lost  through  legal  maneuvers,  insti- 
gated by  certain  members  of  the  Standard  Record,  who  for  personal  and 
selfish  interests  could  not  see  the  culmination  of  the  three  record  mem- 
berships into  a  great  Record,  behind  a  great  breed.  A  handsome  new 
home  office  building  was  built  under  the  direction  of  Secretary  Davis, 
costing  the  Record  over  1*16,000.  The  building  is  fire  proof  and  will 
accommodate  the  use  of  the  Record  for  many  years.  F.  L.  Garrett  suc- 
ceeded Mr.  Davis  in  1917.  The  receipts  for  the  year  1919  were  $29,923, 
of  this  $23,242.80  was  for  recording.  In  1920  total  receipts  were 
$43,486.50,  of  which  $35,226.85  was  for  recording. 

The  Central  Poland  China  Record  association  was  organized  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1880,  at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  publishing  its  first  volume  the  same 
year.  In  1905  the  Central  and  Ohio  records  were  consolidated  into  one 
record,  known  as  the  National  Poland  China  Record,  incorporated  in 
Ohio,  and  the  office  located  at  Winchester,  Ind.  A.  M.  Rrown,  Winches- 
ter, Ind..  has  been  its  secretary  since  the  new  organization.  In  the  point 
of  business  the  National  ranked  third  among  the  Records.  Their  funds 
have  been  too  low  to  give  very  liberally  to  breed  promotion,  but  in  re- 
cent years  they  have  carried  on  sales  and  advertising  campaigns  that 
have  been  of  invaluable  aid.  During  the  consolidation  campaign  in 
1916,  the  Record  organized  the  National  Poland  China  Journal,  a  period- 
ical in  behalf  of  the  breed,  but  used  at  that  time  to  help  defeat  consoli- 
dation. The  Record  association  less  than  two  years  later  re-incorporated 
as  a  corporation  not  for  profit,  issuing  non-transferable  life  member- 
ships. The  receipts  for  the  year  1919  were  $19,338.69;  of  this  $14,051.50 
was  for  recording;  in  1920  total  receipts  were  $20,236.03;  of  this 
$15,261.50  was  for  recording. 

The  Northwestern  Poland  China  Swine  association  was  organized  at 
Washington,  Kan.,  in  1881.  and  about  nine  years  later  was  consolidated 
with  the  Standard  Poland  China  Record,  Maryville,  Mo. 

The  Southwestern  Poland  China  Record  association  organized  at  Rip- 
ley, Tenn.,  in  1896,  and  fifteen  years  later  was  consolidated  with  the 
American  Poland  China  Record. 


CHAPTER  V 

Foundation  Material 

A.S  STATED  previously  the  first  pedigree  written  was  in  1876  and  for 
a  sow  known  as  Lady  Pugh.  Other  outstanding  sows  and  boars  in  the 
prominent  herds  of  the  Miami  Valley  were  given  pedigrees,  published 
in  the  Ohio  Record  Volume  1,  which  have  served  as  the  foundation  of 
the  breed,  with  the  possible  exception  of  the  foundation  stock  recorded 
in  the  first  five  volumes  of  the  American  Poland  China  Record,  and  the 
first  few  volumes  of  the  Central  Poland  China  Record. 

The  Old  Harkrader  sow,  dam  of  Lady  Pugh,  may  rightly  be  called 
the  "mother"  of  the  Poland  China  breed.  She  was  recorded  in  Volume 
L  of  the  Ohio  Record  as  follows:  "OLD  HARKRADER  SOW,— White, 
the  second  choice  out  of  a  lot  of  twenty-two  pigs,  sold  at  John  Hark- 


Bi.ACK  Beauty  10th,  1242A 
irtiier  Secretary  A.  P.  R.  C.  A.    This  Sow 
CO  Litters,  and  Wcighcil  Over  mii  Pounds 


Raised  Twenty 


rader's,  Springboro,  Ohio,  sale  in  February,  1862,  being  sold  to  J.  R. 
Pugh,  Franklin,  Warren  county,  Ohio,  and  marketed  in  the  fall  of  1865." 
No  sire  or  dam  given.  A  large  majority  of  the  pedigrees  trace  directly 
to  this  grand  old  sow,  a  remarkable  statement,  but  well  founded. 

The  pedigree  of  Lady* Pugh,  after  the  organization  of  the  Ohio 
Record,  was  completed  to  show  a  sire  and  a  dam.  This  reveals  to  us 
more  of  the  great  part  played  by  John  Harkrader  in  the  foundation  of 
the  breed,  especially  his  constructive  matings.  The  dam  of  Lady  Pugh 
was  the  Old  Harkrader  sow,  and  her  sire  was  Young  Rob  recorded  as  621 
Ohio  and  13  Central,  farrowed  in  1864,  white  with  a  few  black  spots; 
good  quality.  Bred  by  J.  B.  Pugli.  Young  Bob's  sire  was  Bob  Harkrader, 
recorded  as  77  Ohio,  and  1  Central.  He  was  sold  in  the  same  sale  as  the 
Old  Harkrader  sow,  going  to  Robert  Cook,  Franklin,  Ohio. 


FOUNDATION  MATERIAL  17 

In  looking  over  the  many  pedigrees  published  in  the  first  volumes  of 
the  three  early  records,  one  would  read  from  many  of  them  the  follow- 
ing information : 

Finch's  Premium  Sow,  306  O,  farrowed  about  1870,  black;  very  fine 
style,  noted  show  animal;  won  fourteen  premiums  in  Ohio  and  Indiana 
fairs.    Bred  by  David  Finch,  Oxford,  Ohio. 

Crop  Eared  Sow,  190,  farrowed  in  1871  or  1872,  black  with  some  white 
spots.  Bred  and  owned  by  David  Finch,  Oxford,  Ohio.  Got  by  Old 
Bill  405  O;  dam.  Finch's  Premium  Sow  306  O. 

Shaker  Sow  D,  892  O,  farrowed  in  1870.  Bred  by  the  Shakers,  Union 
Village,  Ohio;  sold  to  L.  D.  Doly,  Middletown,  Ohio,  in  fall  of  1871.  Got 
by  Shaker's  Lame  Hog,  519;  dam.  Gate  Lifter,  308,  by  Uncle  Sam  579, 
out  of  White  Bess  1000.  Note:  Uncle  Sam  579  was  farrowed  in  1862, 
bred  by  D.  M.  Magie,  according  to  the  Ohio  Record,  and  by  David  Finch, 


JOHN  III    A  F-ULI..  BUOOD  MA.GII:.  BOAR 

AgtlBmoutlis  OTned  ftod  rmlMd  by  D  M  Uagle  Oxfoid  BotlorCODDt;  Ob  o 

\ote  Pcd  (J  ec  of  Queen  Uufdeld  8»v   m   Chaptei       Foundation    Mateital 

according  to  the  Central  Poland  China  Record.     White  Bess  was  far- 
rowed about  1861,  color  pure  white,  and  bred  by  John  Harkrader. 

Queen  Dufkield  804  (no  date  of  farrow).  Excellent  breeder,  was 
kept  for  brood  sow  ten  years;  owned  by  James  B.  Duffield,  Somerville, 
Ohio.  Got  by  John  3rd,  311;  dam,  a  sow  owned  by  A.  Young,  sired  by 
John  1st. 

Irwin's  Sweepstakes,  137  A,  281  O,  253  C,  96  S  (Alias  Old  Sweep- 
stakes), farrowed  March  1867,  color  dark  with  some  white  spots.  Head 
and  ears  line,  back  broad  and  straight;  hams  large,  deep  and  full; 
shoulders  broad  and  deep;  neck  short  and  arched;  bone  large,  legs 
short;  body  large,  deep  hair  rather  coarse.  Prizes:  first  in  class  and 
sweepstakes  in  fall  of  1869  at  St.  Louis;  first  in  class  at  the  National  Hog 
Show,  Chicago;  sweepstakes  at  State  and  Coles  county  fairs,  and  with 
Lady  Irwin,  Black  Bess,  S  &  A's  Currency,  sweepstakes  at  Illinois  State 
fair  for  best  boar  and  three  sows,  any  age  or  breed,  in  1871.  Weight 
1086  pounds,  bred  by  John  Irwin,  Darrtown,  Ohio,  sold  to  J.  J.  O'Fallon, 


18  HISTOHY  OF  POLAND-  CHINA  SWINE 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  resold  to  Shcppard  &  Alexander,  Charleston,  III.,  resold 
to  John  Ferris,  Charleston,  111.  Killed  by  a  kick  from  a  horse  in  fall 
of  187G. 

Morton  Meyers,  farrowed  about  1865,  color  light  spotted;  large, 
active;  noble-looking  animal;  bred  by  Jacob  Meyers,  Wayne  county,  In- 
diana. Sold  to  Captain  Butts,  in  Missouri,  postoffice  address  unknown. 
Sire  and  dam  unknown. 

Old  Alex  403  O,  farrowed  1864.  Black,  a  Httle  white;  long  body; 
short  legs,  tine  bone;  full  quarters;  good  head  and  ear;  a  fine  show  hog 
and  a  prize  winner.  Bred  by  Alex  Young  and  J.  B.  Duffield,  Somerville, 
Ohio,  sokl  to  Janus  Williams,  Butler  county,  Ohio,  resold  to  A.  C. 
Moore,  Canton,  111.,  who  named  him  King  Moore. 

Eighty  Dollar  Pig  187  O,  farrowed .    White,  few  black 

spots;  deep  sides.  Bred  by  T.  J.  Conover,  Monroe,  Ohio,  sold  in  1866 
to  John  Otto,  Canton,  111.,  resold  December  15,  1868,  to  Samuel  Hinkley, 
same  place.  Took  first  in  class  and  sweepstakes  at  Butler  county,  Ohio, 
fair  in  fall  of  1868.  His  litter  weighed  2,535  pounds  same  time.  Got 
by  Conover  Hog  135,  dam  Lady  Hess. 

Zack  310.  (alias  Gallaspie  Hog)  farrowed  1867.  Dark  spotted  to 
black;  very  growthy.  Bred  by  Wm.  Gallaspie,  Red  Lion,  Ohio.  Sired  by 
a  hog  bred  by  Harvey  Gallagher,  Red  Lion,  Ohio.  Weight  940  pounds 
at  the  St.  Louis  fair,  in  1869. 

Any  number  of  such  pedigrees  could  be  reprinted,  but  these  herewith 
given  will  establish  a  working  knowledge  for  the  reader,  regarding  the 
types,  color  marking,  weights,  conformation  and  breeding.  There  has 
always  been  some  dispute  between  the  secretaries  of  the  early  records 
as  to  correctness  of  certain  individual  pedigrees,  but  none  of  these  weigh 
materially  when  the  information  secured  to  make  each  pedigree  was 
dependent  upon  the  memory  of  persons  who  had  never  dreamed  of  such 
information  being  worth  the  keeping  of  a  record. 

It  will  be  noted  that  Zack  310  and  Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137  A  are 
the  two  "Foundation"  boars  referred  to  in  the  Chapter  "Foundation 
Boars."  There  is  no  doubt  but  that  these  two  boars  in  competition  at 
the  great  fair  in  St.  Louis,  1869,  attracted  suflicient  attention  to  warrant 
Carl  Freigau  in  making  further  study  for  the  record  which  he  later 
caused  to  be  published.  To  those  who  were  of  the  belief  that  the  breed 
was  of  a  small,  fine  variety,  the  weights  as  given  in  the  pedigree  of  these 
two  boars  will  correct  such  an  impression. 


CHAPTER  VI 


Prominent  Boars  Up  to  1890 

rSOARS  became  prominent  in  the  early  days  much  the  same  as  they 
do  today.  Exhibiting  at  the  leading  shows,  not  only  a  good  boar,  but  a 
great  line-up  of  his  get,  helped  to  put  the  boar  and  his  product  much 
in  demand.  Breeders,  who  could  be  termed  as  natural  born  advertising 
agencies,  put  their  hogs  up  where  they  were  sought  for  by  those  desiring 
unusual  publicity.  Then  there  were  boars  whose  influence  seemed  to 
radiate  out  over  the  entire  country,  and  were  not  termed  great  until 
after  the  boar  was  dead.  The  combination  of  all  played  a  most  impor- 
tant part  in  breed  building,  appreciated  largely  by  those  who  have  wit- 
nessed the  stability  and  growth  of  the 
breed  in  the  past  forty  years. 

To  briefly  mention  a  few  of  the  boars, 
whose  influence  predominated  up  to 
1890,  we  think,  would  not  come  amiss. 

Butler  93  O,  farrowed  spring,  1874; 
color  black;  bred  by  David  Finch,  Ox- 
ford, Ohio;  sold  to  W.  W.  Greer,  Oxford, 
Ohio;  resold  to  Mr.  Allbridge,  of  Iowa; 
resold  to  W.  W.  Greer;  resold  to  E.  &  J. 
M.  Klever,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio,  and  to 
M.  L.  Klever,  Cross  Roads,  Ohio.  Got  by 
Royal  Finch,  by  Combs  Hog;  dam.  Grand 
Pig  of  Crop  Ear  by  Alex  No.  1  0.  P.  C.  R. 
A.  (tracing  on  both  sides  to  Irwin  Sweep- 
stakes). 

World  Beater  1213,  farrowed  spring, 
1876;  black  with  feet  sandy  white;  head 
short  and  dished;  ear  fine;  neck  short 
and  deep;  back  extra;  side  and  hams 
deep;  constitution  excellent,  limbs  short 
and  tapering;  hair  curly;  a  good  breeder.  Bred  by  W.  C.  Hankinson, 
Blue  Ball,  Ohio;  sold  in  dam  to  A.  F.  Aufrance,  Maud  Station,  Ohio, 
1875;  sold  to  D.  M.  Magie  &  Company,  October,  1877;  died  December  5, 
1878.  Got  by  Beecher  15  O,  by  Tom  Corwin  571 ;  dam,  Pig  of  Dolly  Dot, 
by  Perfection,  tracing  directly  to  the  Old  Harkrader  sow,  and  to  Zack. 

Also  note  that  this  is  the  first  boar  whose  pedigree  indicates  he  was 
sold  in  dam.  World  Beater  was  the  greatest  boar  ever  used  in  the  Magie 
herd.  As  a  breeding  boar  we  are  told  there  have  been  but  few  that  have 
ever  been  his  equal. 

General  Hayes  507  C,  farrowed  in  1876.  Bred  by  W.  W.  Greer,  Ox- 
ford, Ohio.    Got  by  Butler  93  O;  dam,  Finch's  Black  Bess  220  C,  by  Black 


W.  Z.  Swallow,  Booneville,  Iowa 
Forty-nine    Years    an    Exhibitor    Iowa 
State    Fair.      At    One    Time    Otcner    of 


20 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWIXE 


Joe  77  C,  tracing  directly  to  tiic  Old  Harkrader  Sow.  (leneral  Hayes, 
while  not  a  famous  breeding  hoar,  becanie  tiie  center  of  some  discus- 
sion by  the  breed's  opponents,  their  cliargc  being  that  he  was  not  ihe 
sire  of  Star  of  the  West  535  C,  but  that  a  Berkshire  boar  was  used;  thus 
the  black  color  was  imparted  to  the  Poland  China  breed.  This  state- 
ment is  repudiated  in  the  foregoing  pedigrees.  Of  course  it  would  be 
logical  to  presume  that  from  the  many  valuable  points  of  the  Berkshire, 
that  only  color  would  be  transmitted  and  not  any  of  the  slow  to  matur- 
ity, stiff  ears,  etc. 

Star  of  the  West  535.  C,  farrowed  March,  1877;  black  with  white 
points;  extra  fine  head  and  very  good  hams;  ear  good;  back  fine;  fair 
jowl;  neck  a  little  long;  short  legged;  good  heart  girth.  Bred  by  Alex 
Young,  Somerville,  Ohio;  sold  to  W.  W.  Greer,  Oxford,  Ohio;  resold  to 
James  Mustard,  Broad  Ripple,  Ind.  Got  by  General  Hayes  507  C;  dam, 
Young  Dolly  by  Black  Curry. 

TcM  CoRwiN  2d  2037  0,  farrowed  April,  1878.  Pigs  in  litter  8;  boars 
3,  sows  5.  Dark  with  white  feet.  Mould  fine,  broad  back,  heavy  hams, 
a  great  prize  winner.  Bred  by  J.  B.  Duffield,  Somerville,  Ohio.  Got  by 
Star  of  the  West  535  C;  dam,  Lady  Duirield  5866  C,  by  Tom  Corwiii 
405  C,  by  Boyd's  Hog,  and  tracing  to  the  Old  Harkrader  sow. 

Tom  Corwin  2nd  was  the  most  noted  boar  of  his  day.  In  a  later 
chapter  we  shall  refer  to  him  as  one  of  the  pillars  of  the  Poland  China 
breed  development.  He  was  the  sire  of  more  valuable  herd  boars  and 
brood  sows,  that  made  breed  history,  than  any  boar  of  his  time.  At  ten 
years  of  age  he  was  still  in  active  service.  The  Corwin  family  were 
noted  for  their  great  vigor,  thick  hides  and  heavy  bone. 

Give  or  Take  1677  C,  farrowed  March  5,  1880.  Black;  very  fine  head 
and  ears  drooping  and  small;  back  straight  and  broad;  ham  extra; 
shoulder  good.  A  prize  winner.  Bred  by  C.  C.  Walker,  New  Madison, 
Ohio;  sold  to  J.  B.  DuHield,  Somerville,  Ohio;  sold -to  M.  M.  Slaughter, 
South  Charleston.  Ohio;  resold  to  Duffield  &  Shallenberger,  and  resold 


ll:st.i-  Fvum    in-   the  'SO's 
:yiinitiiiii   iiihl  Color  Markings 


PROMINENT  BOARS  UP  TO  1890 


lit  the  age  of"  two  years  to  James  Mustard,  Broad  Ripple,  Ind.     Got  by 
Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037  O;  dam.  Duchess  3d,  by  World  Beater. 

No  other  boar  has  impressed  the  work!  with  his  name  like  Give  or 
Take.  A  controversy  arose  as  to  the  breeder  of  the  litter.  Some  said 
that  Walker  wittingly  mated  the  Duchess  3rd  to  Tom  Corwin  2nd,  with- 
out J.  B.  DufField's  knowledge,  and  was  unable  to  record  the  litter  with- 
out a  breeding  certificate.  This,  DuUield  refused  to  give  unless  Walker 
gave  him  the  choice  pig.  This  particular  pig  was  outstanding  and  was 
the  prize  for  which  Walker  had  used  the  above  methods  to  procure,  and 
he  tried  to  settle  on  other  terms,  but  Duffield  refused.  Give  or  Take 
was  originally  recorded  in  the  Central  Poland  China  Record,  by  the 
name  of  Lord  Corwin  945.  In  the  Ohio  Record  he  was  first  recorded  in 
Volume  3  under  No.  1585,  then  re-recorded  in  Volume  4  as  No.  2515, 
with  the  following  footnote:  "The  executive  committee  reports  that  it 
is  at  present  not  settled  between  Messrs.  Duffield  and  Walker  who  of 
the  two  gentlemen  really  is  the  breeder 
of  Give  or  Take." 

In  the  errata.  Volume  5,  of  the  Ohio 
Record,  page  817,  appears  corrected  date 
of  farrow  which  is  still  adhered  to.  In 
Volume  6,  of  the  Ohio  Record,  page  532, 
in  the  errata  appears  the  following: 
"Give  or  Take  1585  pedigree  should  read 
by  C.  C.  Walker,  not  Duffield  and  Walk- 
er, consented  by  James  B.  Duffield."  The 
following  extract  from  a  letter  of  James 
Mustard,  Broad  Ripple,  Ind.,  states: 
"My  information  is  that  Give  or  Take 
was  bred  by  Duffield  and  Walker,  that  is, 
Duffield  owned  the  sire  and  Walker  the 
dam.  They  had  an  agreement,  as  I  un- 
derstand, that  he  should  have  a  half  in- 
terest in  this  pig.  After  the  pig  grew  up, 
there  was  an  effort  between  the  two  men 
for  a  sale  of  the  interest  of  the  one  to  the 
other.  Not  being  able  to  agree  as  which 
should  be  the  purchaser,  a  proposition 
was  made  that  one  should  set  a  price  at  which  he  would  give  or  take. 
This  was  done  by  Walker,  and  Duffield  accepted  the  proposition." 

U.  S.  779  A,  farrowed  March  15,  1879;  litter  8,  boars  3,  sows  5;  black, 
with  a  few  small  white  markings.  Small  white  spot  on  front  of  right 
hip,  and  few  small  white  spots  on  left  side.  Short,  fine  head  and  ear, 
good  jowl,  fine  short  limbs,  good  feet,  medium  growth.  Bred  by  Henry 
Stibbens,  Oxford,  Ohio;  sold  to  C.  W.  Jones,  Richland,  Mich.,  August 
1,  1879.    Got  by  World  Beater;  dam,  Bess  Stibbens  by  Royal  Finch. 

U.  S.  was  one  of  the  real  outstanding  boars  of  the  famous  old  World 
Beater,  and  distinguished  himself  as  the  sire  of  Tecumseh  4339  O. 

Success  1999  O,  farrowed  February  28,  1880;  litter  7.  Black,  fine 
straight  hair,  broad  back,  extra  hams,  good  length;  short,  strong  legs; 
prize  winner.  Bred  by  Duffield  &  Shellenberger,  Somerville,  Ohio;  sold 
to  E.  &  J.  M.  Klever,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio,  July  26,  1880.     Got  by  Tom 


.'SON. 


vDicoTT,   Neb. 
;ars   a   Breeder  and  Shoic 
5/  Exjmnsion  .iTB.i;.     In  Hi. 
rsf    rsed    I  he    Words   ■Br 
Types" 


22  IlISTOIiY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINT, 

Corw-in  2nd;  dam,  Cora  Shellenberger  by  Tom  Corwin.  A  remarkable 
sire  and  show  boar. 

Tecum SEH  4339  O,  farrowed  March.  1882;  litter  8;  black,  lengthy, 
broad  back,  heavy  hams,  deep  sides,  good  limbs  and  feet.  Bred  by  Duf- 
field  &  Folk,  Sonicrvillc,  Ohio;  sold  to  M.  L.  Klever,  Cross  Roads,  Ohio, 
July,  1882;  sold  to  J.  W.  Coffman  &  Bros.,  Danvcrs,  111.;  sold  to  E.  &  J. 
M.  klever,  Bloomingburg.  Ohio,  and  killed  by  another  boar  in  1886.  Got 
by  U.  S.  779  A;  dam.  Beauty  2558  O,  by  Tom  Corwin  2nd,  tracing  back 
to  the  Old  Harkrader  sow. 

Tecumseh  is  the  foundation  of  the  Tecumseh  family,  whose  influ- 
ence has  meant  as  much  if  not  more  than  any  other  family.  Ed  Klever 
'  once  said  that  old  Tecumseh  sired  more  herd  boars  of  real  fame  than 
all  the  boars  used  in  his  herd. 

King  Tecumseh  11793  A,  farrowed  October  24,  1885;  litter  11;  black 
with  white  spots  on  side,  white  nose.  Bred  by  Ed  Klever,  Bloomingburg, 
Ohio;  sold  to  J.  W.  Williams,  Bryant,  Ind.,"july  15,  1886.  Got  by  Te- 
cumseh 4339  O;  dam.  Greenwood  1  X  L,  by  Success  1999  O. 

King  Tecumseh  11793  A,  11959  O  was  one  of  the  greatest,  if  not  the 
greatest,  son  of  Tecumseh  4339.  He  stood  out  prominently  in  his  day, 
and  many  of  the  leading  boars  as  well  as  sows  of  that  day  were  by  him. 

Black  U.  S.  18345  A,  13471  O,  farrowed  March  1,  1887;  litter  9;  black, 
with  white  points.  Bred  by  John  Salmon  &  Co.,  Sedalia,  Ohio;  sold  to 
Perry  Hatfield,  Centerville,  Ohio,  August  18,  1887;  sold  to  W.  Z.  Swallow, 
Booneville,  Iowa.  Got  by  Success  1999  O;  dam.  Early  Rose  8082  O,  by 
U.  S. 779  A. 

A  remarkable  animal  with  a  pedigree  tracing  directly  to  the  Old 
Harkrader  sow.  His  influence  radiated  out  over  a  vast  territory,  and 
gave  unusual  satisfaction.  It  has  been  said  that  he  was  the  only  real 
contemporary  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2nd,  and  credited  as  having  come  from 
the  greatest  sow  producing  family  as  Chief  Tecumseh  2nd,  was  from 
the  boar  family. 

Chief  Tecumseh  10815  A,  farrowed  October  14,  1888;  litter  11;  black, 
white  points.  Bred  by  Daniel  Armintrout,  Bryant,  Ind.;  sold  to  J.  W. 
Williams  &  Co.,  Bryant,  Ind.;  resold  to  H.  O.  Correll,  Mechanicsburg, 
111.    Got  by  King  Tecumseh  11793  A;  dam,  Daisy  35074  O,  by  Friendship. 

Chief  Tecumseh  was  shown  as  a  pig  by  Correll  &  Coffman,  at  the 


TECUMSEH.  I.3i$.  ■  K-.  ^t^.:  ^A'ii^S^ 

mi)tn  E.AJ.M.  KLEVER.  Bloom! n_(}burj},  Fayette  Co.,  0. 


PROMINENT  BOARS  UP  TO  1890  23 

Iowa  State  fair  in  1889.  He  won  first  in  class  and  was  sold  to  W.  \. 
Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa.  It  was  Jones  who  gave  him  the  name  of  Chief 
Tecumseh.  Only  one  crop  of  pigs  was  ever  sired  by  him,  but  that  crop 
contained  more  real  herd  boars  and  history  makers  than  several  hun- 
dred ordinary  crops.  The  famous  pig.  Chief  Tecumseh  2nd,  that  later 
played  so  important  a  part  in  the  breed's  history,  being  one  of  the  "pil- 
lars," was  one  of  the  pigs  in  this  "only"  crop. 

Free  Trade  15729,  farrowed  April  27,  1889;  litter  13;  black.  Bred  by 
D.  F.  Risk,  Weston,  Mo.  Sold  to  C.  A.  Marsh,  Jesup,  Iowa,  fall  of  1890. 
Got  by  Royalty  6469,  by  D's  Look  No  Further  4407,  he  by  Look  No  Fur- 
ther 4005  A;  dam.  Lady  Corwin  2nd  3832,  by  Grover  Cleveland  4529; 
second  dam  by  Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037. 

Free  Trade  was  a  nationally  known  boar.  No  one  knew  much  about 
the  boar  until  Risk  appeared  on  the  Iowa  State  fair  grounds  the  fall  of 
1890,  and  won  grand  championship  in  a  walk-away.  Authorities  say 
the  boar  was  the  best  fitted  yearling  ever  exhibited  at  the  Iowa  fair,  up 


to  that  time,  and  was  really  a  sensation.  At  this  fair,  or  shortly  after, 
he  was  sold  to  C.  A.  Marsh,  Jesup,  Iowa,  for  •'F200,  considered  then  an 
extra  long  price.  Marsh  was  a  man  who  really  accomplished  some  big 
things  with  the  breed.  The  boar  was  fitted  and  brought  out  as  a  two 
year  old  weighing  over  800  pounds,  and  was  again  a  winner.  He  after- 
wards was  exhibited  at  the  Nebraska  State  fair  and  was  defeated  by  a 
younger  boar  known  as  Short  Stop.  Free  Trade  is  royally  bi-ed,  tracing 
directly  to  Tom  Corwin  2nd  and  the  Old  Harkrader  sow. 

Geo.  Wilkes  14487,  farrowed  April  28,  1888;  litter  6.  Bred  by  L.  W. 
Hamilton,  Sandusky,  Ind.  Sold  to  J.  E.  Bebout,  Rushville,  Ind.,  Octo- 
ber. 1889;  resold  to  Cantrall  &  Garrett,  Waynesville,  111.,  September  30, 
1891.  Got  by  King  Tecumseh  11793,  by  Tecumseh  4339;  dam,  Whitefacc 
55238,  by  Fred  Douglas  9001. 

Geo.  Wilkes  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  boars  of  his  day.  He 
was  the  chief  herd  boar  in  the  Bebout  herd,  costing  $625,  and  was  sold 
in  the  Bebout  dispersion  sale  to  Cantrall  &  Garrett  for  $750.  Probably 
the  first  attempt  to  make  real  advertising  vahu-  out  of  the  price  paid 
was  with  this  boar.  Si.\  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars  was  consider- 
ably above  the  average,  and  was  vigorously  criticised  by  breeders  as 
well  as  publications  catering  to  Poland  China  advertising.  The  boar 
lived  but  a  short  time  in  the  herd  of  Cantrall  &  Garrett. 


CHAPTER  VU 

Prominent  Boars  Between  1890  and  1900 

While:  the  breed  had  a  great  impetus  during  the  years  up  to  1890,  the 
years  following  were  equally  as  important  and  in  some  ways  far  ex- 
celled. The  great  number  of  outstanding  boars  became  less,  due  to  the 
clamoring  for  sons  of  the  few  outstanding  boars.  Many  of  these  lesser 
important  boars,  as  far  as  history  is  concerned,  were  even  greater  as 
producers  than  some  of  the  more  renowned. 

At  least  three  very  remarkable  boars  were  produced  during  this  time. 
They  became  great  as  real  producers,  and  their  influence  radiates  even 
to  this  day. 

Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579,  farrowed  June  18,  1890;  litter,  9;  black 
with  white  points.  Bred  by  W.  A.  Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa;  sold  one-half 
interest  to  E.  H.  Andrews,  Kearney,  Neb.,  April  1,  1893;  Andrews'  in- 
terest sold  to  T.  R.  Wilson,  Morning  Sun,  Iowa,  December  3,  1895.  Got 
by  Chief  Tecumseh  10815,  by  King  Tecumseh  11793,  by  Tecumseh  4339; 
dam,  Gilmore's  Slick  10536,  by  King  Butler. 

No  other  boar  nationally  carried  the  attention  of  the  swine  public 
as  did  Chief  Tecumseh  2d.  As  a  pig  he  attracted  no  unusual  attention, 
and  even  many  could  not  agree  with  Judge  Luse  when  he  placed  the  pig 
first  in  class  at  the  Iowa  State  fair  in  1891.  But  Judge  Luse  and  W.  A. 
Jones  had  great  faith  in  the  pig,  and  Jones  was  untiring  in  his  efforts 
to  prove  his  judgment. 

As  a  two  year  old  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  was  brought  to  the  State  fair 
in  the  pink  of  show  condition,  and  with  his  great  size,  stylishness,  and 
snap,  he  more  than  convinced  the  public  that  he  was  an  unusual  product. 
Mr.  Jones  had  also  brought  along  what  seemed  a  barn  full  of  pigs,  sired 
by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d,  and  breeders  today  who  witnessed  this  great 
show,  remember  vividly  the  impression  gained  in  this  great  demonstra- 
tion. Chief  Tecumseh  2d  was  an  easy  winner  in  his  class,  but  was 
turned  down  for  a  championship,  being  defeated  by  a  younger  boar,  Guy 
Wilkes  2d  17777.  Mr.  Jones  took  the  boar  and  many  of  the  pigs  io 
Nebraska  State  fair,  and  was  winner  of  first  and  sweepstakes.  Later  in 
the  season  the  boar  was  shown  at  the  Illinois  State  fair,  held  that  year 
at  Peoria.  The  boar  had  lost  a  great  deal  of  his  bloom,  and  was  defeated 
in  class  by  an  Indiana  boar,  known  as  Victor  M,  shown  by  Lloyd  Mugg. 
A  one-half  interest  in  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  was  sold  by  Jones  to  £.  H. 
Andrews,  Kearney.  Nebr.,  April  1,  1893;  it  was  while  in  the  Andrews 
herd  that  Chief  Perfection  was  farrowed.  On  December  3,  1895,  An- 
drews sold  his  one-half  interest  to  T.  R.  Wilson  for  •'t;750,  Wilson  having 
coined  the  idea  of  selling  sows  bred  to  a  noted  boar  in  public  auction, 
and  really  wanted  Chief  Tecumseh  2d,  the  most  noted  boar  of  his  day. 
to  carry  out  his  scheme.     (See  Chapter — Auction  Sales  and  Their  Be- 


PROMINENT   BOARS   BETWEEN   1890   AND   1900  25 

ginning.)  No  better  breeding  could  be  assembled  than  was  used  in  the 
production  of  Chief  Tecuniseh  2d.  The  Tecumsehs  were  outstandingly 
the  greatest  boar  family  of  that  time,  and  Gilmore  Slick,  by  King  Butler, 
carried  the  best  blood  from  the  herds  of  David  Finch  and  W.  W.  Greer. 
In  the  chapter  "Foundation  Boars,"  we  refer  to  this  boar  as  one  of  the 
"pillars"  of  the  breed. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  tell  about  all  the  great  sons  of  this  noted 
boar,  but  to  mention  a  few  that  have  bred  on  like  their  sire  would  not 
be  amiss.  Chief  Perfection,  owned  by  Jones  &  Gossick;  L.'s  Tecumseh, 
owned  by  A.  J.  Lytle;  Chief  Tecumseh  3d,  owned  by  Harvey  Johnson, 
and  Big  Tecumseh  2d,  owned  by  S.  E.  Shellenberger.  Peter  Mouw 
purchased  two  sons,  one  being  the  grandsire  of  Chief  Price,  father  of 
the  Big  Types.  Sows  crossed  well  with  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  and  many 
daughters  of  this  great  boar  were  as  outstanding  as  the  sons.  Sunshine 
83200,  bred  by  E.  H.  Andrews,  was  considered  by  many  as  the  greatest 
sow  of  her  day.  T.  J.  Harris,  West  Liberty,  Iowa,  bought  two  litter  sis- 
ters that  he  named  Tempest  and  Sunshine,  each  one  of  them  winning 
championship  at  the  Iowa  State  fair  in  the  warmest  of  competition. 

When  Old  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  died  in  1899,  his  skin  was  removed 
and  mounted,  and  for  several  years  was  on  show  in  the  offices  of  the 
Wallace  Farmer,  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 

Old  Chief  is  dead. 

That  great  old  hog. 

His  fame  has  crossed  the  sea. 

At  home  his  name 

A  household  word. 

His  crown,  "The  King  P.  C." 

Thought  proud  old  East 

She  had  the  best 

0'  this  favored  breed  of  swine, 

But  bought  his  pigs 

At  fancy  price 

And  worshipped  at  his  shrine. 

He  made  for  Jones 

A  goodly  sum. 

And  fixed  Ed.  Andrews  right; 

Then  old  T.  R. 

He  took  a  share 

Much  to  his  own  delight. 

The  boys  will  say 

They  have  a  pig 

That's  going  to  equal  Chief, 

But  they  well  know 

You  will  not  think 

It  is  their  real  belief. 

— American  Swineherd,  1899. 
Chief  Perfection  32199,  farrowed  December  18,  1893;  litter  10.    Bred 
by  Lon  Hamilton,  Elm  Creek,  Nebr.;  sold  to  E.  H.  Andrews,  Kearney, 
Nebr.,  September  5,  1894;  sold  to  Jones  &  Gossick,  Fairfield,  Iowa,  Sep- 


2C 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


tembcr  6.  1894.     Got  by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579;  dam,  Bessie  Wilkes, 
by  Guy  Wilkes. 

While  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  was  still  in  the  herd  of  E.  H.  Andrews 
he  was  mated  to  some  very  prominent  sows,  among  which  were  a  few 
Wilkes  sows  that  proved  to  be  exceptional  breeders.  One  sow  in  par- 
ticular, Bessie  Wilkes,  farrowed  a  litter  December  18,  1893,  ten  in  the 
litter,  but  only  two  boars  raised.  Becords  show  this  sow  was  sold  to 
Lon  Hamilton,  who  raised  the  litter  and  afterwards  sold  the  pigs  to  An- 
drews. They  were  very  choice  pigs  and  were  exhibited  at  the  Iowa  State 
fair  in  1894,  attracting  unusual  attention.  One  of  the  boars  was  sold  to 
Chas.  Jones  and  B.  L.  Gossick,  Fairfield,  Iowa.  This  particular  boar, 
while  the  best  individual,  developed  but  one  testicle.  He  was  recorded 
as  Chief  Perfection  32199,  and  proved  a  sire  extraordinary,  being  the 
sire  of  Chief  Perfection  2d  42559,  accredited  as  being  the  "father"  of 
the  Hot  Bloods. 

Chief  Perfection  2d  42559,  farrowed  October  16,  1896;  litter,  5.  Bred 
by  B.  L.  Gossick,  Fairfield,  Iowa;  sold  to  Hedges  &  Miller,  Pana  and 
Millersville,  111.,  June  10,  1897;  sold  to 
John  Hedges  &  Son,  Thos.  Miller.  T.  B. 
Hart  &  H.  O.  Minnis,  Pana,  Millersville, 
Edenburg  and  Sharpsburg,  111.,  October 
4,  1897.  Got  by  Chief  Perfection  32199, 
by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579;  dam, 
Lady  U.  S.  2d  95282,  by  U.  S.  Chief  24609, 
by  Black  Chief. 

As  a  pig,  this  boar  was  sold  to  Hedges 
&  Miller,  Pana,  111.,  and  was  exhibited  by 
them  at  the  Illinois  State  fair  in  1897, 
winning  first  in  class.  He  attracted  the 
attention  of  several  other  breeders  who 
later  purchased  an  interest  in  him.  No 
other  boar  ever  was  owned  by  as  many 
different  owners  at  one  time,  or  partner- 
ships, as  Chief  Perfection  2d.  He  was 
an  outstanding  breeding  boar,  and  pro- 
duced as  large,  growthy  oflfspring  as  any 
boar,  but  unfortunately,  was  the  victim 
of  a  great  craze  for  six  white  points  by  the  breeders,  and  only  the  finer, 
smaller  sons  were  kept  for  breeders.  He  also  produced  a  few  boars 
that,  like  their  grandsire,  had  but  one  testicle.  At  one  time  the  boar  sold 
for  over  .'f40,000  in  breeding  privileges,  twenty  breeders  buying  an  in- 
terest for  !f2000  each.  This  happened  while  he  was  in  the  hands  of  Line 
Lukens,  Disko,  Ind.  E.  H.  Ware,  Douglas,  111.,  was  part  owner  with  Mr. 
Lukens.  More  herd  boars  by  him  were  in  service  during  his  career 
than  of  any  boar  of  the  breed.  This  was  due  to  two  reasons:  First,  that 
his  popularity  made  his  get  worth  more  to  the  breeders  as  advertising 
propositions;  second,  the  greater  number  of  men  engaged  in  the  breed- 
ing of  Poland  Chinas  than  previously. 

Those  who  were  directly  interested  in  the  success  of  Chief  Perfec- 
tion 2d  and  his  get  became  too  zealous  in  their  efforts,  and  for  a  time 
had  the  swine  business  absolutely  in  their  control,  directing  the  winners 


Gossick,  Fairfield.  Iowa 
•  of   Chhl  Perfection  M  .',.'.;. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1890   AND   1900  27 

at  the  shows,  as  well  as  what  boars  breeders  should  buy.  This  control 
was  carried  on  for  several  years,  and  gradually  lost  its  power  with  the 
influx  of  the  so-called  "cold  bloods"  in  the  West.  (See  chapter  on  Hot 
Bloods  and  Big  Types.) 

Happy  Medium  19913  A,  farrowed  March  19,  1890;  Utter  9;  black  with 
white  points.  Bred  by  Hamilton  &  Beyer  Bros.,  Warsaw,  Ind.;  sold  to 
C.  L.  Lucas,  Packerton,  Ind.,  October  7,  1890;  sold  to  D.  C.  Miller,  Ver- 
miUion,  S.  D.,  February  17,  1891.  Got  by  King  Tecumseh  11793,  by  Te- 
cumseh  4339;  dam,  Whiteface  55238,  by  Fred  Douglas  9001  O. 

Happy  Medium  attracted  attention  first,  in  being  sold  at  a  record 
price  as  a  pig,  and  later  selling  at  another  record  price  to  D.  C.  Miller. 
Miller  was  an  exceptionally  good  advertiser,  and  lost  no  time  in  letting 
the  entire  world  know  that  the  highest-priced  boar  was  in  his  herd.  He 
did  not  try  to  make  the  boar  all  his  herd,  but  purchased  some  of  the 
greatest  sows  of  the  breed  with  which  to  mate  the  noted  boar.  At  the 
dispersal  sale  of  J.  H.  Bebout,  Rushville,  Ind.  (originator  of  the  pubhc 
sale  system),  he  secured  many  of  the  best  sows,  among  which  were  "Best 
of  1890"  and  "Courtney  3d,"  sows  with  national  reputation.  At  the 
T.  J.  Harris  sale  in  1893  he  purchased  the  first  sow  that  ever  sold  for 
$500,  Lambing's  Choice,  bred  to  Guy  Wilkes  2d.  His  herd  of  sows 
was  considered  by  many  as  being  the  best  in  the  entire  country.  Miller 
pulled  off  many  sensational  stunts,  both  in  buying  and  selling,  the  climax 
being  in  selling  a  son  of  Happy  Medium,  known  as  "Happy  Union,"  to 
a  syndicate  for  the  sum  of  $4000.  The  name  of  the  syndicate  was  "Happy 
Union  Syndicate,"  and  did  not  survive  the  collapse  of  the  boom. 

Guy  Wilkes  2d  17777  A,  farrowed  March  21,  1891;  litter  14.  Bred 
by  J.  H.  Bebout,  Rushville,  Ind.;  sold  to  G.  W.  McFadden  &  Son,  West 
Liberty,  Iowa,  September  30,  1891.  Got  by  Geo.  Wilkes  14487;  dam, 
Courtney  3d,  by  Adam  (a  litter  brother  to  King  Butler). 

Guy  Wilkes  2d  commanded  a  great  deal  of  attention  in  the  herd  of 
McFadden  &  Son,  the  son  being  the  present  W.  M.  McFadden,  secretary 
of  the  American  Poland  China  Record.  After  George  Wilkes  died, 
George  Cantrall,  of  Cantrall  &  Garrett,  Waynesvillc,  III.,  came  to  West 
Liberty,  Iowa,  and  bought  Guy  Wilkes  2d  at  what  was  the  most  sen- 
sational price  of  the  time,  $950  cash.  This  proved  a  very  successful  pur- 
chase and  Cantrall  &  Garrett  were  among  the  most  prominent  hog  breed- 
ers in  the  business.  Their  herd  was  later  dispersed  and  Guy  Wilkes  2d 
was  sold  to  John  V.  Cotta,  a  man  who  later  became  very  much  inter- 
ested in  the  affairs  of  Poland  Chinas,  especially  during  the  days  of  the 
"Hot  Bloods."  Mr.  Cantrall  went  into  the  newspaper  business,  as  a  "field 
man"  and  later  into  the  office  of  the  American  Swineherd,  as  part  owner. 
Hadley  19213,  farrowed  February  11,  1891;  litter  9.  Bred  by  Edgar 
Hadley,  Wilmington,  Ohio;  sold  to  Ed  Klevcr,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio,  Au- 
gust 3,  1891.  Got  by  One  Price  18871,  by  Black  U.  S.  18345;  dam.  Black 
Dolly  59058,  by  Newsboy  12201  0. 

Hadley  was  without  question  the  greatest  son  of  the  remarkable  One 
Price.  He  was  shown  at  the  Chicago  World's  fair,  1893,  by  Ed  Klever 
and  was  the  popular  favorite  of  the  many  hundreds  of  breeders  who 
attended  the  fair  for  the  grand  championship.  The  three  judge  system 
was  used  at  this  fair  and,  for  some  reason  or  other,  a  hog  of  much  smaller 
caliber  was  awarded  the  purple  ribbon.    Hadky  was  a  boar  of  extreme 


28 


HISTOKY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


size  and  transmitted  this  great  size  to  his  get.    Many  of  his  sons  came  to 
the  western  states  and  were  important  breed  builders. 

Hadi.ey  Jr.  35063,  farrowed  March  12,  1894;  litter  6.  Bred  by  Klever, 
Hadley  and  Hendrick,  Bloomingburg  and  Wilmington,  Ohio;  sold  to 
Sunny  Slope  Farm,  Emporia,  Kan.,  July  8,  1894;  resold  to  W.  P.  Good 
and  H.  M.  Kirkpatrick,  Lenexa  and  Waldo,  Kan.  Got  by  Hadley  19213, 
by  One  Price  18871;  dam,  Samboline  8th  63286,  byTecumseh  Chip  18869. 
Hadley  Jr.  was  a  boar  of  extreme  size,  carrying  the  blood  of  both 
One  Price  and  old  Tccumseh.  He  was  developed  in  the  Sunny  Slope 
Farm  herd  of  Emporia,  Kan.,  and  sold  in  their  dispersion  sale  for  $1000, 
going  to  the  then  well-known  breeders.  Good  &  Kirkpatrick.  In  their 
herd  several  bred  sows  were  sold,  and  the  get  of  this  boar  radiated  over 
a  wide  territory,  largely  due  to  his  tremendous  size. 

Pebfect  I  Know  50871,  farrowed  October  2,  1896;  litter  9.  Bred  by 
Risk  &  Gabbert,  Weston,  Mo.;  sold  to  Clifton  George,  Lathrop,  Mo.,  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1897;  resold  to  W.  N.  Winn  &  Son,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  October 
14,  1897.  Got  by  Chief  I  Know  33217,  by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579; 
dam.  Black  F  113992,  by  Dave  Finch  20097. 

Perfect  I  Know  carried  a  great  deal  of  size  combined  with  exceptional 
smoothness,  and  a  great  set  of  feet  and  legs.  As  a  producer  of  sows  he 
was  counted  as  one  of  the  leading  boars.  Winn  &  Son  (later  known  as 
Frank  D.  Winn)  paid  $510  for  this  boar.  He  was  shown  at  the  Trans- 
Mississippi  fair  in  Omaha,  Nebr.,  1898,  winning  grand  championship 
over  Chief  Tecumseh  3d,  owned  by  S.  McKelvie,  Fairfield,  Nebr.,  and 
Harvey  Johnson,  Logan,  Iowa.     F.  M.  Lail  was  the  judge. 

Lamplighter  73421,  farrowed  June  1,  1900;  litter  10.  Bred  by  E.  E. 
Axline,  Oak  Grove,  Mo.;  sold  in  dam  to  W.  N.  Winn  &  Son,  Kansas  City, 
Mo.;  resold  to  Winn  &  Mastin,  Mastin,  Kan.,  March  1,  1901.  Got  by  Mo's 
Black  Chief  49155,  by  Black  Chief  Rival  36277;  dam,  Nellie  Chief  98060, 
by  Chief  28333.  Lamplighter,  while  listed  as  one  of  the  medium  type 
boars,  was  really  a  sire  of  extra  large  offspring.  His  get  had  more  sub- . 
stance,  stronger  vitality,  and  in  all  were 
a  more  thrifty  lot.  For  this  reason,  he 
did  not  at  all  times  meet  the  favor  of  a 
great  many  breeders,  who  were  clamor- 
ing for  a  finer  type.  He  was  primarily 
the  foundation  sire  of  the  great  sows, 
used  in  the  Winn  &  Mastin  herd,  that 
produced  for  several  years  the  top  win- 
■ling  hogs  of  the  breed. 

Chief  Tecumseh  3i)  20740  S,  38233  A. 
arrowed  March  26,  1896;  litter  8.  Bred 
'ly  T.  R.  Wilson,  Morning  Sun,  Iowa;  sold 
o  Harvey  .Johnson,  Logan,  Iowa,  Scp- 
eniber  25,  1896;  sold  one-half  interest  to 
S.  McKelvie  &  Sons,  Fairfield,  Nebr., 
fune  1,  1898.  Got  bv  Ciiief  Tecumseh  2d 
1  1.579;  dam.  May  Allerton  47918,  by 
S!ump  Ashby  11256. 
T.  R.  wiLsn.v.  M.iKNiNo  Sun.  Iowa  Chief   TecuMiseli    3d    was   considered 

X«o^,^^c/"T;^f:;;LS1^  ii^;f"'    "l^out  the  best  show  and  breeding  son  of 


PROMINENT    BOARS    BETWEEN    1890    AND    IDfJ'J  2!) 

the  renowned  Chief  Tecumseh  2d.  He  was  first  brought  into  proini- 
nence  at  the  Omaha  Trans-Mississippi  show,  being  defeated  for  cham- 
pionship honors  by  Perfect  I  Know.  Judge  Lail  gave  as  his  reasons,  that 
iChief  Tecumseh  3d  had  not  been  clipped  and  was  showing  a  very  rowan 
coat.  Those  who  witnessed  the  show,  admit  the  race  a  close  one,  but 
,that  Chief  Tecumseh  3d,  with  his  sons  and  daughters  in  the  young-^r 
classes,  made  a  long  list  of  superior  reasons  why  his  size  combined  with 
easy  feeding  qualities  should  have  won.  There  is  no  question  but  that 
the  breeders  of  smaller  type  hogs  won  a  great  many  followers  through 
this  defeat,  as  the  shows  for  the  next  few  years  Avere  largely  predom- 
inated by  the  smaller  hog.  In  1900  and  1901,  Harvey  Johnson  showed 
a  good  many  of  the  get  of  Chief  Tecumseh  3d  at  the  Iowa  State  fair. 
An  exhibitor  and  one  of  the  heaviest  winners  in  the  show,  exhibiting 
nothing  but  the  medium  types,  stated  that  while  his  hogs  won  the  pre- 
miums, there  was  no  question  but  that  Johnson  had  the  best  hogs.  It 
was  during  the  1900  show  that  Judge  Lytle,  who  was  a  breeder  of  the 
larger  variety  of  Poland  Chinas,  began  to  place  the  ribbons  on  the  larger 
entries,  afterward  to  be  called  from  the  ring  by  a  very  prominent  man 
in  Poland  China  affairs  and  severely  criticised.  From  then  on.  Judge 
Lytle  changed  his  placings. 

Klever's  Model  29719  O,  farrowed  February  18,  1892;  litter  9;  black 
with  white  points.  Bred  by  Ed  Klever,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio;  sold  to  C. 
'E.  Vigal,  New  City,  111.,  September  19,  1892;  resold  to  Geo.  B.  Counsel; 
resold  to  Klever's  Model  Breeding  association,  Illinois.  Got  by  Look  Me 
Over  25343  O,  by  All  Right;  dam,  Queen  Success  61848  A,  by  Success 
1999  0,  by  Tom  Corwin  2d  2037. 

Perhaps  no  boar  had  as  unusual  a  life  and  ending  as  did  the  noted 
Klever's  Model.  He  first  began  to  attract  attention  in  the  hands  of  Geo. 
B.  Counsel,  whose  integrity  and  veracity  became  somewhat  in  doubt  and 
were  investigated  by  the  Record  associations.  When  Klever's  Model  was 
offered  in  a  public  auction,  a  group  of  breeders  organized  a  syndicate 
to  buy  him,  and  did  according  to  the  sale  report,  but  later  brought  suit 
against  Counsel  claiming  that  the  wrong  boar  was  sold  to  them.  The 
matter  was  tied  up  in  the  courts  for  a  number  of  years,  breeders  being 
called  from  various  sections  of  the  country  as  witnesses.  Some  of  the 
evidence  given  showed  that  the  boar  in  question  had  been  kept  under 
cover  until  the  moment  he  was  driven  into  the  sale  ring,  and  that  he 
looked  so  near  like  the  Old  Klever's  Model,  and  breeders  were  so  ex- 
cited in  buying  him,  no  one  gave  the  matter  any  thought.  The  matter 
was  finally  dropped,  largely  through  the  lack  of  funds,  as  many  of  the 
syndicate  had  lost  small  fortunes  in  fighting  the  case.  Later  Counsel 
was  barred  from  the  Poland  China  Records. 

Chief  Price  61861,  farrowed  April  10,  1898;  litter  7.  Bred  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  W.  H.  Devoe,  Rock  Valley, 
Iowa,  March  8,  1898;  sold  to  W.  J.  McLean,  same  place,  April,  1899;  sold 
to  Jno.  Miller,  Rock  Valley,  Iowa,  May,  1900;  sold  to  Peter  Mouw,  Orange 
City,  Iowa,  October  24,  1901.  Got  by  Grand  Chief  3d  28013,  by  Grand 
Chief  20177,  by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579;  dam,  Price's  Maid  162560,  by 
Orange  Price  34825,  by  Price  31747,  by  One  Price  18871,  by  Black  U.  S. 
18345,  by  Success  1999,  by  Tom  Corwin  2d  2037. 

Chief  Price  has  been   termed  the  "Father  of  the  Big  Types."'     His 


30  HISTORY  OF  POLAND   CHINA   SWINK 

influence  was  not  felt  until  altGr  the  year  1900,  l)ut  he  rightly  deservf.s 
a  place  in  tlie  same  decade  as  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  and  Chief  Perfection 
2d.  No  boar  has  had  a  greater  following,  or  produced  a  larger  growthicr 
set  of  pigs.     His  greatest  influence  came  after  the  collapse  of  the  .boom 


(Chief  Price  61861) 
The  ■fathet"  of  the  Bin  Types.     .Farrowed,  Ai>ril,  JSOS 

in  the  "hot  bloods,"  and  never  was  there  a  stage  better  set  or  an  actor 

in  better  trim  to  wait  upon  the  clamoring  crowds  that  found  their  way 

to  his  shrine  than  Chief  Price. 

Expansion  57691,  farrowed  May  22,  1900;  litter,  12.    Bred  by  M.  G. 

Arnold,  Strawberry  Point,  Iowa;  sold  to  L.  W.  Cook,  Liberty,  Nebr., 
October  25,  1900;  resold  to  H.  C.  Dawson  & 
Sons,  Endicott,  Nebr.,  1901.  Got  by  Os- 
borne's Hadley  42639,  by  Onward  34491,  by 
Smeby's  Hadley  28736,  by  Hadley  19213,  by 
One  Price  18871;  dam.  Lady  Darkness 
94080,  by  Dakota  King,  by  Butler's  Dark- 
ness 6846,  by  King  Butler. 

Out  in  Nebraska,  while  the  tempest  was 
raging  in  the  east  over  hot  bloods.  Expan- 
sion and  his  get  were  demonstrating  to  the 
swine  producers  the  real  merit  of  Poland 
Chinas.  Backed  by  an  industrious  firm,  H. 
C.  Dawson  &  Sons,  the  boar  was  given  every 
opportunity  to  show  his  ability,  which  has 
since  proven  to  be  quite  extraordinary. 
The  shows,  state  fairs  and  institutes  were 
made  Avith  a  large  number  of  his  get,  and 
at  several  places  the  old  boar  Avas  also  ex- 
hibited, and  wliile  the  premium  money  was  given  to  the  smaller  hog, 
Expansion  and  his  get  won  the  admiration  of  the  farmers.  His  influ- 
ence, witli  that  of  Ciiief  Price,  cannot  be  estimated. 


CHAPTER  VIII 

Prominent  Boaks  Bi-tween  1900  to  1910 

W  iTH  high  selling  Poland  Chinas  of  the  medium  type  from  1897  to 
1906  gave  opportunity  for  the  breeders  of  the  larger  hogs  to  exploit  the 
merits  of  their  type  and  to  be  sailing  at  full  mast  in  1907  and  1908,  when 
the  boom  on  the  hot  bloods  burst. 

Those  who  embarked  into  the  breeding  of  Poland  Chinas  during  this 
lime  were  more  or  less  confused  as  to  which  type  to  select,  some  con- 
sidering the  "boom"  worth  more  to  them  in  the  selling  of  their  hogs, 

and  others  desiring  to  produce  hogs  for  the 

size,  fecundity  and  ruggedness.  Herds  of  both 
types  were  to  be  found  in  any  state  where  live- 
stock was  grown. 

This  chapter  must,  therefore,  deal  with 
"types,"  as  it  was  during  this  period  the  "big 
types"  came  into  control  after  the  "hot  blood" 
boom  had  burst.  The  reader  will  note  from  the 
preceding  chapter  the  pedigrees  and  history  of 
Chief  Price,  the  "father"  of  the  big  types,  and 
Chief  Perfection  2d,  the  "father"  of  the  hot 
bloods.  Many  of  their  sons  were  the  command- 
T.LOTD  MuGo,  KoKOMo,  ind.  '"S  ^'g"'''^^  ^"""S  ^^^^  bistorical  period. 
1    iireeder  and  Showman  of  Tile  rccord  high  Selling  individuals  and  lit- 

""   ""'"""  rla^^r  ""'  ""'"'    ters  were  made  in  1905,  1906,  1907  (see  chapter 
on  High  Prices  Paid  for  Poland  Chinas).    These 
were  not  surpassed  until  1918;  however,  there  were  prices  paid  that 
caused  no  little  comment  from  the  entire  fraternity  and  press. 

Corrector  26466,  farrowed  April  12,  1900;  litter,  10.  Bred  by  F.  M. 
Lail,  Marshall,  Mo.;  sold  to  Winn  &  Mastln,  Mastin,  Kan.,  October  3, 
1901.  Cot  by  L's  Perfection  22488,  by  Chief  Perfection  2d  21701;  dam. 
Best  Look  59231,  by  Look  Mc  Over  9011. 

This  was  one  of  the  best  breeding  boars  of  his  day.  As  a  show  boar  he 
was  equally  as  popular.  His  sons  distinguished  themselves  in  many  of 
the  leading  herds  of  the  country.  A  one-half  interest  was  sold  to  A. 
Glenn,  Chicago,  111.,  for  $2500. 

Chief  Sunshine  2d  75587,  farrowed  May  25,  1902;  litter,  8.  Bred  by 
Wm.  Walker,  Findlay,  111.,  and  used  in  the  herds  of  D.  A.  Good,  Bears- 
dale,  111.;  J.  A.  Countryman  &  Sons,  Rochelle,  111.,  and  E.  L.  Jimison, 
Oneida,  111.  Got  by  Chief  Sunshine  33029,  by  Ideal  Sunshine  22985; 
dam,  Hulda's  Ideal  87001,  by  Kemp's  Perfection. 

This  boar  was  made  famous  as  being  one  of  the  first  boars  to  be  sold 
under  a  written  guarantee  to  live  three  months,  and  to  bo  a  reasonably 


32 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


sure  breeder.    This  practice  was  used  ([uite  generally  for  a  number  of 
years. 

Blain's  Tecumseh  29338,  farrowed  March  24,  1902;  litter,  7.  Bred  by 
W.  T.  Garrett  &  Sons,  Maryville,  Mo.  Sold  to  John  Blain,  Pawnee  City, 
Nebr.,  September  5,  1902.  liot  by  Allerton's  Tecumseh  23164;  dam.  Miss 
Doyle  2d  58215,  by  Butler's  Hadley  20038. 

John  Blain  was  one  of  the  most  constructive  breeders  of  his  time. 
His  herd  was  considered  to  be  among  the  leading  herds  of  the  breed, 
and  from  it  many  boars  were  sent  to  head  good  herds.  Among  the  best 
producing  boars  he  ever  owned  was  Blain's  Tecumseh. 

Keep  On  28553,  farrowed  February  22,  1900;  litter,  4.  Bred  by  W.  C. 
Welch,  Harveysburg,  Ohio.  Got  by  Perfect  Perfection  24235;  dam,  Bessie 
U.  S.  65121,  by  Wilson's  Black  U.  S.  27461. 

Among  the  leading  boars  of  his  time  was  Keep  On.  Many  of  his  sons 
were  shipped  west  and  were  the  sires  of  state  fair  winners  and  high 
selling  litters.  He  was  grand  champion  of  the  International  Stock  show, 
1904.    Among  his  great  sons  was  On  &  On  36591. 

On  &  On  36591,  farrowed  February  2,  1903;  litter,  7.  Bred  by  Spurling 
Bros.,  Pleasant  Plain,  Ohio.  Sold  to  H.  Driiheld,  Keokuk,  Iowa;  resold 
to  J.  B.  Young,  Bichards,  Mo.,  November  9,  1904.  Got  by  Keep  On  28553; 
dam,  Hulda's  Ideal  87001. 

In  the  hands  of  J.  B.  Young  the  boar  was  made  famous,  and  breeders 
were  willing  to  pay  fancy  prices  to  secure  his  get.  He  is  a  half  brother 
to  Chief  Sunshine  2d  75587,  both  being  out  of  the  great  producmg  sow, 
Hulda's  Ideal. 

Meddler  99999,  farrowed  September  11,  1903;  litter,  8.  Bred  by  Winn 
&  Mastin,  Mastin,  Kan.  Got  by  Mischief  Maker  30246;  dam.  Pet  2d  68646, 
by  Perfect  I  Know  19172. 

Among  the  greatest  boars  of  his  time.  Meddler  99999  would  rank 


Mbddler   9999? 

I'icil   Sriilciiibrr.  lufl.l.      Grand   Cliniiipion    World's 
\-<(n-   Piy.      .\    Sire  of   riiiisiiiil  Ability.     His   Get 

An  Ideal   Tyve  o/  the  Ho-ViiUed  -Hot  Bloods" 


about  at  the  top.  Winn  &  Mastin  were  tiie  leading  breeders  and  show- 
men of  the  central  west,  and,  as  the  popularity  of  the  Poland  China 
was  reaching  farther  west,  their  herd  was  heavily  called  upon  to  furnish 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEKN   1900   AND   1010  33 

the  leading  sires.  Under  their  care,  he  was  made  the  grand  champion 
boar  of  the  world's  fair,  held  in  St.  Louis  in  1904,  defeating  many  other 
prominent  boars,  one  of  which  was  Long  Wonder  85533,  shown  by 
Peter  Mouw.  This  winning  created  quite  a  deal  of  comment,  for  to  win 
a  grand  championship  in  a  national  showr  on  an  under  year  boar  was 
indeed  quite  out  of  the  ordinary.  He  was  sold  in  August,  1905,  to  E.  H. 
Ware,  Douglas,  111.,  for  f3000,  and  the  following  winter  Ware  made 
one  of  the  sensational  bred  sow  sales  of  the  season  on  sows  bred  to  him. 
When  Winn  &  Mastin  dissolved  partnership  in  the  spring  of  1906, 
Frank  Winn  retained  a  son  of  Meddler,  known  as  Meddler  2d,  and  in 
December,  1906,  joined  selling  forces  with  E.  H.  Ware,  making  a  sensa- 
tional sale.  In  March,  1907,  Ware  sold  a  one-half  interest  in  Meddler  to 
Hebbard  &  Roy,  Peck,  Kan.,  and  they  in  turn  held  two  very  important 
sales  of  bred  sows  mated  to  Meddler. 

On  the  Dot  106355,  farrowed  March  8,  1905;  litter,  9.  Bred  by  H. 
Driffield,  Keokuk,  Iowa.  Got  by  On  &  On  36591 ;  dam,  Bashful  of  Maple 
Grove  118509,  by  Phenomenon  31829. 

Like  some  of  the  earlier  boars.  On  &  On  fell  the  victim  of  a  multiplicity 
of  owners,  and  was  exploited  for  all  he  was  worth.  Many  of  his  sons 
were  Hke  himself,  show  and  breeding  boars,  and  estabHshed  a  family 
characteristic.    He  was  champion  boar  of  the  Illinois  State  fair  in  1906. 

King  Look  104635,  farrowed  March  27.  1900;  litter,  5.  Bred  by  C.  F. 
Hutchinson,  Bellaire,  Kan.  Sold  to  McNutt  &  Meese,  Ord,  Nebr.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1900.    Got  by  Bright  Look  21833;  dam.  No.  41  58072. 

Among  the  boars  that  figured  in  the  breed  building  in  Nebraska  was 
old  King  Look,  and  in  the  hands  of  the  master  showmen,  McNutt  & 
Meese,  he  and  his  sons  helped  to  establish  breed  type.  One  of  his  great 
sons.  Grand  Look  38305,  farrowed  in  1905,  was  a  consistent  winner  in  the 
state  shows,  both  he  and  his  get,  for  a  number  of  years.  He  was  out  of  the 
good  producing  sow%  Valley  Girl,  by  Ideal  Black  LI  S.  2d. 

Long  King  45837,  farrowed  October  28,  1902;  htter,  10.  Bred  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa.  Sold  to  F.  E.  Ballard,  Randolph,  Nebr.,  De- 
cember 10,  1903;  resold  to  Spencer  Jones,  Carroll,  Nebr..  .July  16,  1906; 
resold  to  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  May  15,  1907.  Got  by 
Chief  Price  61861,  "the  father"  of  the  big  types;  out  of  Long  MoUie 
101497.  by  Longfellow  Jr.  31464. 

Perhaps  no  boar  lent  as  much  to  the  rise  of  the  big  types  as  did  Long 
King.  He  was  an  extremely  large  hog,  and  an  exceptional  breeding  boar. 
Several  of  his  sons  went  to  head  prominent  herds,  among  them  being 
Long  King's  Equal  177373,  an  outstanding  breeding  boar. 

Pawnee  L.vd  30853,  farrowed  October  1,  1902;  litter,  11.  Bred  by 
John  Blain,  Pawnee  City,  Nebr.  Sold  to  J.  0.  James,  Bradleyville,  Iowa, 
May  5,  1903.  Got  by  Klever's  Best  25447,  by  Happy  Perfection  25446; 
dam.  Big  Mariah,  by  L's  What  Wanted. 

Pawnee  Lad  was  a  boar  of  great  vitality,  living  to  be  nearly  ten  years 
of  age.  John  Blain  purchased  Klever's  Best  from  Ed  Klever.  Blooming- 
burg,  Ohio,  and  used  him  for  some  little  time  in  his  herd  in  the  early 
1900.  He  was  by  Happy  Perfection,  one  of  the  leading  boars  of  the  east. 
Pawnee  Lad  was  a  large  boar,  as  they  were  then,  and  mated  very  suc- 
cessfully on  most  any  cross.     His  get  were  shipped  into  many  states 


34  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

and  were  among  the  most  important  in  breed  history  for  a  number 
of  years. 

Long  Wonder  85533,  farrowed  June  20,  1903;  litter,  8.  Bred  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa.  Got  by  Surprise  Wonder  4th  32435;  dam. 
Extra  Long  4th,  by  Chief  Price  6186L 

While  Peter  Mouw  had  shown  some  great  boars  at  the  leading  fairs, 
Long  Wonder  came  as  near  suiting  him  as  his  ideal  as  any  of  them. 
At  the  World's  fair,  St.  Louis,  in  1904,  this  boar  was  viewed  by  the  great 
throng,  and  even  though  he  was  defeated  by  an  under  year  "hot  blood" 
boar,  Mouw  was  satisfied  that  he  had  convinced  the  pubHc  that  his  hogs 
were  superior  for  practical  purposes.  As  a  sire.  Long  Wonder  war, 
considered  as  first  class.    His  greatest  son  was  A  Wonder  47460. 

Orange  Chief  82233,  farrowed  April  16,  1903;  litter,  9.  Bred  by 
Peter  Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa.  Got  by  Chief  Price  61861;  dam.  Orange 
Maid,  by  Longfellow  3d  30301. 

Chief  Price,  the  "father"  of  the  big  types,  was  a  progenitor  of  excep- 
tional ability,  and  for  the  most  part  his  sons,  under  the  various  conditions 
they  were  thrown,  were  equally  as  good.  Orange  Chief  is  the  sire  of  Big 
Orange  and  a  number  of  other  very  important  boars. 

Chief  Price  2d  93149,  farrowed  April  10,  1904;  litter,  8.  Bred  by 
Peter  Mouw.  Got  by  Chief  Price  61861;  dam.  Standard  Lady  A,  by 
Surprise  Wonder  4th. 

The  blood  of  Chief  Price  and  Surprise  Wonder  4th  and  5th  was  the 
combination  that  produced  the  best  individuals  for  Mouw.  Because  of 
the  popularity  of  Chief  Price,  there  were  at  least  twenty  different  hogs 
named  Chief  Price  2d,  or  as  close  to  it  as  possible,  but  the  Chief  Price 
2d  93149  was  without  question  the  best  breeding  son  of  the  famous  old 
boar.  More  pedigrees  today  trace  to  him  than  that  of  any  other  son. 
He  was  sold  by  Mouw  to  M.  P.  Hancher,  Rolfe,  Iowa. 

Big  Hadley  40832,  farrowed  September  14,  1903;  litter,  6.  Bred  by 
A.  T.  Shattuck  &  Son,  Hastings,  Nebr.  Got  by  Hadley  Jr.  28383;  dam. 
Mammoth  Beauty,  by  Mammoth  Chief. 

Big  Hadley  may  be  counted  as  one  of  extreme  size  and  quality  com- 
bined. No  other  boar  of  similar  character  stamped  his  get  with  as  much 
uniformity  as  did  Big  Hadley  or  his  sons.  He  was  used  in  the  A.  T. 
Shattuck  &  Son  herd  and  then  in  the  Thos.  A.  Shattuck  herd.  He  was 
sold  to  John  Blain  in  1906,  and  from  this  herd  went  to  H.  H.  Harshaw, 
Butler,  Mo.,  for  $500  cash  in  1909;  later,  a  half  interest  was  sold  to  W.  A. 
Baker,  also  of  Butler,  and  finally  to  an  Illinois  breeder.  The  sale  to 
Harshaw  caused  a  great  deal  of  comment,  as  this  was  the  first  so-called 
Big  Type  to  command  as  much  as  $500.  The  Hadley's  have  played  a  very 
important  part  in  the  development  of  the  breed. 

A  Wonder  47460  S,  107353  A,  farrowed  September  24,  1904;  litter,  7. 
Bred  by  E.  Gritters,  Hull,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Peter  Ellerbroek,  Sheldon, 
Iowa,  March  30,  1906;  sold  to  W.  W.  Wheeler,  Harlan,  Iowa,  September 
21,  1907;  sold  to  Henry  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  February,  1910. 
Got  by  Long  Wonder  85533;  dam,  Mollie  Fair,  by  Ideal  Medium  4th. 

Without  exception,  A  Wonder  has  proven  to  be  a  sire  among  sires, 
however,  his  popularity  did  not  begin  until  after  he  was  in  the  herd  of 
Henry  Fesenmeyer.     Gritters   and  Ellerbroek   lived  near  Peter  Mouw 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1900  AND   li)10  35 

and  purchased  many  of  his  hogs,  and  their  herds  were  mostly  Mouw 
bred  hogs,  so  that  A  Wonder  was  only  one  of  a  crop  of  pigs,  with  no 
unusual    qualifications    that    forecast    his    greatness.      In    the    Wheeler 


A  Wonder  107353A,  47460S 

Age  of  Five  Years  This  Boar  Began  to  Attract  Internatioyial 
Get  Were  Superior  to  Others  of  His  Day 

herd,  which  was  one  of  the  strictly  Big  Type  herds  of  the  west,  A  Wonder 
played  a  very  important  part,  as  the  "Mastodons,"  which  Wheeler  adver- 
tised so  successfully,  brought  many  breeders  to  Harlan,  Iowa,  and  A 
Wonder  had  begun  to  make  himself  known.  In  February,  1910, 
Wheeler  dispersed  his  herd  and  Fcsenmeyer  purchased  A  Wonder 
for  $360. 

Big  Bone  137161,  farrowed  September  2,  1906;  litter,  7.  Bred  by  Peter 
Ellerbroek,  Sheldon,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Peter  Mouw  November  15,  1907; 
sold  to  J.  G.  Galman,  Van  Horn,  Iowa,  October  8,  1909.  Got  by  A  Wonder 
47460;  dam.  Miss  Nellie  2d,  by  Surprise  Wonder  5th. 

Among  the  boars  used  in  the  Mouw  herd.  Big  Bone,  the  son  of  A 
Wonder  was  considered  by  him  as  being  a  logical  successor  to  Chief 
Price.  His  first  crop  of  pigs  in  1908  was  the  choice  of  the  many  breeders 
changing  from  the  hot  bloods  to  the  big  types,  and  thus  many  herds 
were  supplied  with  his  get.  It  was  in  the  hands  of  Galman  that  marked 
him  as  a  wonderful  breeding  boar.  He  was  a  massive  boar,  weighing 
close  to  1000  pounds.  Galman  held  several  very  successful  sales,  fea- 
turing this  great  boar. 

Big  Victor  50503,  farrowed  September  10,  1906;  litter,  8.  Bred  by 
E.  C.  Dart,  Exeter,  Nebr.  Sold  to  D.  C.  Lonergan,  Florence,  Nebr.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1907.    Got  by  Billy  Young  41292;  dam,  Zora  Vick  100065. 

After  the  Hadley's,  western  breeders  followed  very  largely  with  the 
get  of  Big  Victor.  This  boar  was  a  remarkable  boar  in  many  ways, 
being  of  good  size  and  full  of  quality,  was  a  winner  in  class  and  later 
champion  of  the  state  show.     His  get  were  strong  and  vigorous  and 


36  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

extra  good  breeders.  In  the  hands  of  Lonergan,  who  was  one  of  the 
leading  breeders  of  the  west,  the  boar  was  handled  properly  in  that 
choice  sows  only  were  mated  to  him.  The  Record  volumes  will  show 
that  many  of  his  sons  were  heading  prominent  herds  over  the  entire 
country. 

Hadley  Golddust  47471  S,  farrowed  March  6,  1907;  litter,  8.  Bred  by 
John  Blain,  Pawnee  Citj',  Nebr.  Sold  to  H.  L.  McKelvie,  Fairfield,  Nebr., 
October  15,  1907.  Got  by  Big  Hadley  40832;  dam.  Lady  Golddust  73961,  by 
Big  Hadley  28180,  by  Smeby's  Hadley  Jr.  23507,  out  of  Golddust  Tecum- 
seh  57301,  by  Chief  Tecumseh  3d  20740. 

Among  the  very  best  breeding  boars  of  his  day  was  Hadley  Golddust. 
He  was  a  boar  of  great  massiveness,  low  and  blocky,  yet  very  great  size. 
He  was  a  consistent  sire,  transmitting  large  bodies,  neat  head  and  ear, 
and  extra  heavy  bone.  His  sire  was  the  old  original  Big  Hadley  40832, 
sold  by  Blain  to  Harshaw  of  Missouri  for  "f^SOO,  and  which  started  con- 
siderable favorable  talk  among  the  breeders  of  the  larger  hogs.  His 
dam  was  by  Big  Hadley  28180,  he  being  by  Smeby's  Hadley  Jr.  23507, 
a  boar  bred  and  used  in  the  Blain  herd.  The  dam  of  Hadley  Golddust 
was  Lady  Golddust,  out  of  the  famous  old  sow  Golddust  Tecumseh, 
by  the  renowned  Chief  Tecumseh  3d. 

There  are  many  other  boars  whose  influence  was  felt  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  breed  during  this  particular  period.  Space  prevents  the 
enumeration  of  them  all,  but  to  mention  a  few  should  be  made  in  the 
interest  of  those  who,  in  studying  pedigrees,  may  know  the  facts  regard 
ing  the  construction  of  the  breed.  We  would,  therefore,  mention  the 
following  in  addition  to  those  already  enumerated : 

Smooth  Price  153321,  Big  Jumbo  153879,  Chief  Price  Again  147523, 
Chief  Price  2d  142681,  Blue  Valley  Quality  145169,  Big  Tecumseh 
101353,  King  Mastodon  134121.  Longfellow  Jr.  155513. 

Longfellow  7th  44369,  Big  Orange  145509,  Long  King's  Equal  177373, 
Panorama  177891,  Juml'o  37811;  M's  Hadley  147847,  Big  Mischief  51398, 
O's  Jumbo  53975,  and  Wade's  Jumbo  48091. 


CHAPTER  IX 

Prominent  Boars  Between  1910  to  1915 

r  EDIGREES  during  1910  and  a  few  years  later,  traced  largely  to,  or 
were  for  sons  or  grandsons  of,  the  Meddler's,  Corrector's,  Perfection's, 
Hadley's,  Long  King,  A  Wonder  and  Big  Victor.  There  was  not  a  great 
deal  of  enthusiasm  over  prices,  in  fact  they  were  very  conservative, 
especially  after  the  record  prices  of  but  three  years  previous.  The  main 
balance  of  the  hog  world  gradually  moved  westward,  and  Iowa,  Ne- 
braska, Kansas  and  Missouri  became  very  much  the  center  of  the 
industry.  The  names  of  the  boars  were  largely  prefixed  by  the  words 
"Big,"  "Jumbo,"  "Long,"  and  other  words  denoting  extreme  size.  Ad- 
vertisements were  displayed  with  the  words  "Big  Type,"  which  of  course 
was  beginning  to  listen  good  to  those  who  desired  to  place  new  material 
in  their  herds. 

Much  credit  is  due  the  western  states  for  the  selection  of  swine  judges 
to  uphold  the  size  and  good  feeding  qualities  of  the  breed.  Nebraska 
especially  took  the  lead  and,  during  the  early  part  of  this  particular 
period,  well  known  breeders,  who  were  capable  judges  and  were  un- 
shakeable  in  their  determination  to  place  the  ribbons  as  they  saw  them, 
were  selected:  A.  T.  Shattuck,  Hastings,  Nebr.;  Frank  Davis,  Holbrook, 
Nebr.;  A.  J.  Lovejoy,  of  Illinois;  and  Thos.  A.  Shattuck,  Hastings,  Nebr. 
The  breeders  in  Iowa  were  not  so  fortunate  in  securing  the  judges  they 
wanted,  and  the  breeders  of  the  smaller  hog  predominated  until  1914. 

In  1912,  Nebraska  staged  the  first  of  all  "Big  Type"  show  of  the  breed. 
It  was  heralded  as  such  by  the  live  stock  press.  There  had  been  a  great 
deal  of  noise  about  1000-pound  boars,  but  the  public  had  yet  to  see 
their  first.  At  this  particular  show,  three  boars,  Columbus,  The  Big 
Orphan  and  Pawnee  Pete,  shown  by  R.  B.  Baird,  Central  City,  Nebr.; 
Timm  Neuhofcl,  Central  City.  Nebr.,  and  Fred  P.  Robinson,  Maryville, 
Mo.,  respectively;  each  walked  on  the  scales  of  the  state  fair  grounds, 
weighing  over  the  1000  pound  mark.  There  was  a  large  crowd  present 
from  many  states,  expecting  to  sec  a  great  hog  show,  but  this  was  beyond 
the  expectation  of  any  breeder.  Columbus  was  made  the  grand  cham- 
pion of  the  show.  He  was  a  full  brother  to  The  Big  Orphan,  fourteen 
months  younger.    A.  J.  Lovejoy  made  the  placings  of  the  show. 

During  the  latter  part  of  this  period,  the  breed  took  on  a  new  im- 
petus. The  eastern  breeders  came  west  for  new  blood,  and  were  liberal 
buyers  of  the  better  stulf.  Among  the  more  prominent  purchases  was 
the  sale  of  what  was  afterwards  known  as  Dishcr's  Giant  240655,  who 
later  became  one  of  the  greatest  progenitors  of  the  breed.  His  blood 
became  scattered  over  the  east  during  the  latter  part  of  this  period  and 
the  great  pendulum  of  time  took  the  western  bi-ccders  to  the  door  of  the 
eastern  breeder  to  secure  the  sons  and  daughters  of  this  great  boar. 

In  1913,  The  Big  Orphan  was  made  grand  champion  of  the  Nebraska 
show,  followed  the  next  year  by  Big  I'rsus,  a  son  of  the  1910  grand 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


champion.  Big  Mischief.  Nineteen  fifteen  brought  out  the  marveloun 
1125-pound  Big  Timm,  a  son  of  the  grand  champion.  The  Big  Orphan. 
Big  Timm  was  made  the  grand  champion  of  the  show,  and  no  boar  ever 
received  a  greater  following  than  did  Big  Timm. 

It  may  be  truthfully  said  that  at  least  three  great  boars  were  devel- 
oped during  this  time — three  boars,  whose  influence  radiated  out  to 
every  part  of  the  country  and  are  considered  popular  even  to  this  day. 
They  were  Big  Timm,  Big  Bob,  and  Disher's  Giant. 

Public  sales  were  not  extreme  in  prices  even  as  late  as  1915.  The 
top  fail  sale  for  Missouri  in  1915  realized  an  average  of  but  $44  per  head. 
Sales  of  prominent  breeders  in  Nebraska  averaged  between  $30  to  $40, 
and  the  top  sale  of  Iowa  for  1914  was  $100.  The  top  bred  sow  sale  of 
Missouri  for  1915  was  $87.60;  on  sows  bred  to  a  son  of  Columbus.  Foot 
and  mouth  disease  spread  over  the  United  States  during  1915  and  1916, 
compelling  many  of  the  fairs  and  expositions  to  abandon  their  shows. 
Pure  bred  sales  were  handicapped  by  rigid  inspection  and  quarantine 
regulations,  preventing  interstate  shipments. 

For  the  interest  of  those  who  may  want  to  know,  we  are  herewith 
giving  the  names  of  breeders  who  were  actively  engaged  in  the  breeding 
of  Poland  Chinas,  to  such  a  measure  as  to  be  the  means  of  distributing 
an  outstanding  number  of  hogs  during  the  years  1909  to  1911,  some  of 
which  are  in  the  business  even  to  this  day.  There  were  many  more,  who 
were  actively  engaged  in  the  breeding  business,  but  from  the  records  of 
the  different  associations,  did  not  show  but  a  small  number  of  animals 
recorded.  These  names  are  given  only  as  a  matter  of  history,  and  do  not 
in  any  way  suggest  the  number  of  men  interested  in  the  breed. 


OREGON 

Herbert  Willard,  Dayton. 
Holt  C.  Wilson,  Portland. 
G.  B.  Dimick,  Oregon  City. 

KANSAS 

Roy  Johnston,  South  Mound. 

W.  R.  Webb,  Bendena. 

H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham. 

F.  C.  Swiercensky,  Belleville. 

Geo.  Wedd  &  Son,  Spring  Hill. 

Dietrich  &  Spaulding,  Richmond. 

B.  M.  Bell,  Beatie. 

F.  S.  Cowles,  Lawrence. 
A.  R.  Enos,  Ramona. 

H.  Gronniger  &  Sons,  Bendena. 

G.  M.  Hull,  Gannett. 

J.  H.  Harter,  Westmoreland. 

Stryker  Bros.,  Fredonia. 

W.  C.  Milligan,  Clay  Center. 

R.  O.  Deming,  Oswego. 

,1.  F.  Menehan,  Summerfield. 

F.  A.  Dawley,  Waldo. 

F.  Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville. 

C.  S.  Nevius,  Chiles. 

J.  D.  Spangler,  New  Sharon. 
P.  L.  Ware  &  Sons,  Paola. 

ARKANSAS 

Kirby  Stock  Farm,  Marmaduke. 
John  McLaughlin,  Marmaduke. 


MISSOURI 

F.  p.  Robinson,  Maryville. 
Wm.  H.  Scott,  Jamesport. 
Rust  &  Wales,  Peculiar. 
W.  B.  Wallace,  Bunceton. 
Isaac  Novinger,  Kirksville. 
James  Kennish,  Mound  City. 

E.  E.  Axline,  Oak  Grove. 
John  Belcher,  Raymore. 
S.  Y.  Burks,  Bolivar. 

G.  E.  Leslie,  Memphis. 

W.  G.  Lockridge,  Fayette. 
R.  E.  Maupin,  Pattonsburg. 
L.  M.  Monsees  &  Son,  Smithtor 

F.  D.  Winn,  Randolph. 

A.  F.  Siefker,  Defiance. 
H.  H.  Harshaw,  Butler. 

H.  L.  Faulkener,  Jamesport. 
S.  A.  Bugg,  Hamilton. 
W.  H.  Charter's,  Jr.,  Butler. 
H.  S.  Williamson,  Centralia. 
Sheehy  Bros.,  Hume. 

B.  T.  Wray,  Hopkins. 
J.  R.  Young,  Richards. 
E.  W.  Wallen,  Monett. 
Chas.  Z.  Baker,  Butler. 
W.  A.  Baker,  Butler. 

TENNESSEE 

H.  L.  Currie,  Brownsville. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1910  AND   1915 


NEBRASKA 

H.  C.  Dawson  &  Sons,  Endicott. 
J.  W.  Bakewell,  Endicott. 

D.  C.  Lonergan,  Florence. 
John  Blain,  Pawnee. 

E.  H.  Andrews,  Kearney. 
W.  A.  Lingford,  Dannebrog. 
Davison  &  Chrysler,  DeWitt. 
Frank  Davis  &  Sons,  Holbrook. 
Chas.  Herring,  Columbus. 
Fred  Wille,  Columbus. 

Thos.  A.  Shattuck,  Hastings. 

G.  S.  Hamaker,  Pawnee. 

H.  Prichard,  Florence. 

H.  B.  Francisco,  Hastings. 

C.  C.  Ingram,  Bloomington. 

W.  M.  Wright  &  Son,  Allen. 

Chas.  M.  Hulbert,  Oakland. 

Hoagland  Bros.,  Glenville. 

J.  H.  Hitch,  Geneva. 

Thos.  F.  Walker,  Alexandria. 

J.  C.  Meese,  Ard. 

W.  J.  Hather,  Ord. 

W.  L.  McNutt,  Ord. 

Cedar  Bank  Farm,  York. 

Cavett  Bros.,  Phillips. 

John  O'Connell,  Malcolm. 

S.  A.  Nelson  &  Sons,  Malcolm. 

W.  H.  Moore  &  Sons,  Genoa. 

J.  T.  R.  Nash,  Minden. 

A.  L.  Meith,  Cairo. 

W.  T.  Judy,  Kearney. 

N.  B.  Freeman,  Kearney. 

S.  McKelvie  &  Son,  Fairfield. 

H.  L.  McKelvie,  Fairfield. 

W.  M.  McKeever,  Hubbell. 

Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner. 

H.  C.  McGath,  Clarks. 

P.  N.  Jasper,  Lindsay. 

O.  E.  Wade,  Rising  City. 

Albert  Smith  &  Sons,  Superior. 

Robt.  A.  Schug,  Coleridge. 

F.  P.  Riggs,  Archer. 
Simon  Rentshler,  Leigh. 

O.  N.  Remington,  Tekamah. 
Mark  Stewart,  St.  Paul. 
Thompson  Bros.,  Indianola. 
Timm  Neuhofel,  Central  City. 
R.  B.  Baird,  Central  City. 

INDIANA 

E.  P.  Weldon,  Cynthina. 

J.  W.  Williams  &  Sons,  Bryant. 

Line  Lukens,  Diske. 

Lloyd  Mugg,  Kokomo. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA 

Fred  Dralle,  Mission  HilL 

MONTANA 

T.  B.  Haynes,  Creston. 

NEW    MEXICO 

Sam  Little,  Hagerman. 


IOWA 

J.  S.  Owens,  New  Hampton. 
Geo.  Regenitter,  Bennett. 
C.  E.  Sapp,  Sharpsburg. 
Fred  L.  Rood,  Clearfield. 
F.  W.  Mclntyre,  Red  Oak. 
W.  Z.  Shallow,  Waukee. 
Williams  Bros.,  Villisca. 
W.  H.  Barr  &  Sons,  Villisca. 
John  Miller,  Rock  Valley. 
Peter  Mouw,  Orange  City. 
Peter  Ellerbrock,  Sheldon. 
A.  J.  Podendorf,  Little  Sioux. 

F.  G.  Paul,  Marshalltown. 
J.  M.  Perry,  Alvord. 
Lee  Gross,  Nodaway. 
Ruebel  Bros.,  Marathon. 

G.  W.  Sefrit,  Lucas. 

J.  C.  Hardman  &  Son,  Brayton. 

J   O.  James,  Braddyville. 

L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville. 

Wm.  Lentz,  Ankeny. 

John  B.  Lawson,  Clarinda. 

J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda. 

G.  F.  Marshall  &  Son,  Monroe. 

H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda. 

J.  G.  Gallman,  Van  Home. 

E.  Gritters,  Perkins. 

M.  P.  Hancher,  Rolfe. 

C.  S.  Hanna,  Batavia. 

W.  J.  Crow,  Webb. 

W.  H.  Cooper,  Hedrick. 

Henry  Dorr,  Remsen. 

W.  W.  Wheeler,  Harlan. 

J.  H.  Watson,  Madrid. 

J.  H.  Wintermute,  Blockton. 

C.  F.  Adams,  Owassa. 

IDAHO 

J.  M.  Royston,  Payette. 

OKLAHOMA 

Lee  R.  Patterson,  El  Reno. 
Ed.  E.  Blake,  El  Reno. 
A.  J.  DeMoss,  El  Reno. 
A.  B.  Campbell,  Geary. 
E.  G.  Barnard,  Hennessey. 
E.  A.  Herbert,  Mulhall. 
J.  R.  Sparks,  Hunter. 
J.  R.  Roberts,  Renfrew. 

MINNESOTA 

E.  S.  Barker,  Mankato. 

Enoch  Swanson,  North  Branch. 

Wm.  Wiest,  La  Sueur. 

G.  W.  Wheeler,  Kasson. 

S.  L.  Perkins,  Prairie. 

L.  T.  Silkey,  Smithville. 

W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake. 

C.  F.  Gummert,  Renville. 

John  Crowe,  Dassel. 

E.  J.  Cowles,  West  Concord. 

Jno.  Devaney,  Montrose. 


40  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

TEXAS  MICHIGAN 

W.  H.  Day,  Allen.  W.  E.  Livingston,  Parma. 


CALIFORN 

A.  M.  Henry,  Farmingto 


ILLINOIS 


J.  J.  CosgrifT,  Dodd  City. 
L.  M.  French,  Como. 
G.  F.  McCracken,  Decatur. 
W.  J.  DufTield,  Claude. 
R.  L.  Howard,  Piano.  J-  M.  Kemp,  Kenney. 

W.  A.  Robinson,  Minerva.  Cox  &  Hollinrake,  Keilhsburg. 

Rice  Williams,  Rockdale.  J-  P-  Vissering,  Alton. 

E.  L.  Jimison,  Oneida. 


J.  E.  Meharry,  ToJono. 


WISCONSIN 

L.  P.  Martiny,  Chippewa  Falls.  T.^.  Purcell,  Polo. 

R.  Meinking,  Bango. 

J.  D.  McDonald,  West  Salem. 

J.  C.  Hendricks,  Hazel  Green. 

W.  J.  Bernd,  New  Richmond. 


OHIO 


D.  R.  KeifTer,  Mt.  Carroll. 

Jno.  Francis  &  Son,  New  Lenox. 

J.  L.  Gutshall,  Sheffield. 

H.  J.  Blackburn,  Henry. 

fe.  C.  Caverly,  Toulon. 


J.  M.  Klever,  Bloomingburg.  Ira  Cottingham,  Eden. 

Lon  Hunter  &  Co.,  Morrow.  E.  H.  Ware,  Douglas. 

The  Big  Orphan  171013,  farrowed  March  3,  1909.  Bred  by  R.  B. 
Baird,  Central  City,  Nebr.,  sold  to  Timm  Neuhofel,  same  place,  October 
15, 1910.  Got  by  Big  Columbus  151313,  by  Big  Bone  137161,  by  A  Wonder 
107353;  dam,  Nellie  B  369494,  by  Orphan  Boy  143415. 

The  Big  Orphan  came  into  his  own  in  1912,  winning  second  in  aged 
boar  class  of  the  first  all  "big  type"  show  of  the  breed.  He  weighed  of- 
ficially over  1000  pounds,  and  was  considered  even  a  better  boar  in  1913, 
when  he  won  the  grand  championship  honors  at  the  same  show.  For 
size,  smoothness,  and  as  a  breeder,  he  ranked  above  many  other  boars 
of  his  day. 

Pawnee  Pete  55113,  farrowed  April  3,  1909.  Bred  by  F.  P.  Robinson, 
Maryville,  Mo.  Got  by  Big  Pete  51164,  by  Peter  SterHng  31056;  dam.  Miss 
Corwin  2d  128822,  by  Pawnee  Giant  47069. 

Pawnee  Pete  was  an  extremely  large  boar  and  an  exceptionally  good 
breeder.  His  record  as  a  show  boar  gained  many  friends  for  him  and 
his  get. 

GOLDUUST  Hadley  55133,  farrowed  March  22,  1909.  Bred  by  H.  L. 
McKelvie,  Fairfield,  Nebr.,  sold  in  dam  to  W.  A.  Lingford,  Dannebrog, 
Nebr.  Got  by  Hadley  Golddust  47471 ;  dam,  Priceless  Look  129309,  by 
King  Priceless  42681. 

As  a  breeding  boar  of  exceptional  mellowness,  combined  with  size, 
Golddust  Hadley  was  rated  as  one  of  the  very  top  breeding  boars  of  his 
day.  Many  of  his  sons  and  daughters  were  winners  at  the  various  state 
fairs. 

Columbus  176435,  farrowed  May  3,  1910.  Bred  by  R.  B.  Baird,  Cen- 
tral City,  Nebr.  Got  by  Big  Columbus  151313  by  Big  Bone  137161;  dam, 
Nellie  B  369494,  by  Orphan  Boy  143415. 

Columbus  was  considered  the  greatest  achievement  of  his  day;  at 
the  age  of  28  months,  winning  the  grand  championship  honors  at  the 
1912  Nebraska  show,  weighing  over  1000  pounds.  Everyone  who  saw 
him  considered  him  a  marvel.  As  a  breeding  boar  he  did  not  rank 
with  his  brother.  The  Big  Orphan. 

Long  Jumbo  62719,  farrowed  March  3,  1910.  Bred  by  R.  W.  Halford, 
Manning,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  resold  to 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1910  AND   1915  41 

R.  W.  Halford,  September  25,  1911.  Got  by  Jumbo  Prospect  54339,  by 
Prospect  46193;  dam.  Big  Lady  J  150273,  by  Long  Chief  47441. 

Perhaps  it  is  to  Long  Jumbo  the  credit  should  go,  as  "being  the  first 
hog  to  weigh  over  1100  pounds.  As  a  breeding  boar  there  were  but  few 
his  equal;  a  wonderful  individual,  extreme  in  size  and  a  great  pro- 
genitor. 

Farver's  Goliath  169395,  farrowed  March  13,  1910.  Bred  by  M.  P. 
Hancher,  Rolfe,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Farver  Bros.,  Sibley,  Iowa.  Got  by 
Chief  Price  2d,  41357-S,  by  Chief  Price  61861 ;  dam,  Mable  Crow  150289, 
by  Hadley  Expansion. 

A  boar  with  extreme  size,  rather  rough  in  appearance,  but  a  won- 
derful breeding  boar;  his  get  were  in  big  demand,  and  many  of  them 
winners  at  the  Iowa  state  show. 

Moore's  Halvor  66854,  farrowed  August  15,  1910.  Bred  by  C.  F. 
Adams,  Owasa,  Iowa;  sold  to  C.  E.  Moore,  Muscotah,  Kan.,  March  27, 
1911;  resold  to  Walter  &  Graner,  Effingham  and  Lancaster,  Kan.,  April 
23,  1913.  Got  by  Big  Halvor  59789,  by  Long  Wonder  54267;  dam.  Miss 
Welcome  141661,  by  Welcome  Chief  59106. 

Moore's  Halvor  was  a  lino  bred  Chief  Price  boar,  and  was  a  breeding 
boar  par  excellence.  His  greatest  good  came  while  in  the  herd  of  H.  B. 
Walter,  where  his  get  were  sold  to  breeders  in  many  states. 

Blue  "Valley  61568,  farrowed  September  24,  1910.  Bred  by  Thos.  F. 
Walker,  Alexandria,  Nebr.,  and  never  sold.  Got  by  Blue  Valley's 
Quality  38995;  dam,  Daisy  Dean  119947,  by  Big  Hutch  37454. 

No  single  family  gave  more  to  the  improvement  of  the  Poland 
Chinas  than  did  Blue  Valley  and  his  great  sire.  Blue  Valley's  Quality. 
Thos.  F.  Walker  shipped  their  get  into  practically  every  state  of  the 
Union,  meeting  with  favor. 

Big  Jumbo  153879,  farrowed  March  8,  1909.  Bred  by  Peter  Mouw, 
Orange  City,  Iowa.  Got  by  Big  Bone  53069,  by  A  Wonder  47460;  dam. 
Price  Maid  107583,  by  Chief  Price  61861.  Big  Jumbo  proved  to  be  one 
of,  if  not  the  greatest  breeding  boar  in  the  herd  of  Mouw,  after  Chief 
Price.     He  had  a  great  scale  and  sired  size  and  smoothness. 

Whitesox  Chief  55189,  farrowed  August  9,  1909.  Bred  by  W.  W. 
Wheeler.  Harlan,  Iowa;  sold  to  S.  T.  Foster.  Ponca  City,  Oklahoma. 
November  11,  1909;  resold  to  W.  H.  Charters  Jr.,  Butler.  Mo.  Got  by  A. 
Wonder  47460;  dam.  Long  Price  4th  132794,  by  Columbia  Chief  2d  42528. 

W.  H.  Charters  Jr.  was  a  genius  in  mail  orders,  and,  through  this 
method,  shipped  hundreds  of  hogs  each  year.  For  several  years,  he  was 
perhaps  the  largest  single  recording  patron  of  the  Standard  Record. 
Whitesox  Chief  became  famous  through  his  get. 

RoBiDOux  59527,  farrowed  September  4.  1910.  Bred  by  H.  C.  Dawson 
&  Sons,  Endicott,  Nebr.,  sold  to  G.  W.  Scott,  Monett,  Mo.;  resold  to  A.  J. 
Erhart,  Adrian,  Mo.  Got  by  Panorama  53423,  by  Expansion;  dam, 
Mouw's  Big  Spot  140013,  by  Colossus  45702. 

Robidoux,  besides  being  a  wonderful  breeding  boar,  was  an  ex- 
tremely large  boar.  His  advertised  weight  was  1200  pounds.  In  the 
herds  of  Scott  and  Erhart,  his  greatest  work  was  accomplished.    He  was 


42  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

a  full  brother  to  Buchaneer  61283,  that  stood  second  in  the  aged  boar 
class  Nebraska  State  fair,  1915,  being  defeated  by.  Big  Timm.  Hii 
official  weight  was  1060  pounds. 

Big  Joe  200767,  farrowed  September  26,  1910.  Bred  by  Chas.  Herring, 
Columbus,  Nebr. ;  sold  to  Henry  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  October  10, 
1911.  Got  by  Smooth  Price  153321,  by  Chief  Price  2d  41357;  dam.  Big 
Mollie  391186,  by  Big  Bone  53069. 

When  the  great  breeding  boar,  A  Wonder,  died  many  wondered  just 
what  Fesenmeyer  would  select  as  his  successor.  Big  Joe  was  purchased, 
and,  without  question,  proved  as  great  a  breeding  boar  as  did  his 
predecessor.  His  sons  and  daughters  were  sought  after  for  the  leading 
herds  of  the  country. 

Rood's  Giant  149669,  farrowed  March  14,  1910.  Bred  by  Fred  L. 
Rood,  Clearfield,  Iowa;  sold  to  E.  E.  Kester,  Manila,  Iowa,  October  13, 
1910;  sold  to  Cox  &  Hollinrake,  Keithsburg,  111.;  sold  to  Elmer  E.  Gard- 
house,  Ewing,  Mo.  Got  by  King  Dodo  2d  54233,  by  King  Dodo  29307; 
dam.  Miss  Hadley  2d  136379,  by  Major  R.  54194. 

Rood's  Giant  was  one  of  the  premier  breeding  boars  of  the  breed.  In 
the  herds  of  Cox  &  Hollinrake  and  Gardhouse  his  greatness  was  demon- 
strated.   He  weighed  over  1000  pounds  in  reasonable  flesh. 

Adams  Big  Hal  196347,  farrowed  March  28,  1910.  Bred  by  C.  F. 
Adams,  Owasa,  Iowa;  sold  to  Peter  Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa,  November 
20,  1912;  resold  to  E.  W.  Kriescher,  Mount  Vernon,  Iowa.  Got  by  Big 
Halvor  59789,  by  Long  Wonder  54267;  dam.  Faultless  168978,  by  Panora 
Chief  3d  71087. 

An  outstanding  breeding  boar  that  won  favor  through  his  get.  In 
the  herd  of  Kriescher  his  greatest  work  was  accomplished. 

Wedd's  Long  King  62491,  farrowed  April  1,  1911.  Bred  by  John  B. 
Lawson,  Clarinda,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Lee  Gross,  Union  Star,  Mo.;  sold 
to  Geo.  Wedd  &  Son,  Spring  Hill,  Kan.,  October  30,  1911.  Got  by  Long 
King's  Equal  53730,  by  Long  King  45837;  dam.  Lady  Jumbo  1st  111441, 
by  Big  Price  40066. 

Without  question  one  of  the  very  best  breeding  boars  of  the  Long 
King  family;  his  sons  and  daughters,  particularly  his  daughters,  were 
exceptional  producers. 

Big  Ben  208905,  farrowed  February  22,  1911.  Bred  by  Chas.  Herring, 
Columbus,  Nebr.;  sold  to  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  October 
10,  1911.  Got  by  Smooth  Price  153321,  by  Chief  Price  2d,  41357;  dam, 
Mollie  Jones  5th,  300686,  by  Longfellow  2d  29675. 

Big  Ben  was  the  top  boar  of  the  Herring  fall  1911  sale.  He  did  great 
work  in  the  Pfander  &  Sons  herd,  being  the  sire  of  Disher's  Giant  and 
Hercules  that  were  sold  at  record  prices  as  pigs.  In  the  Pfander  &  Sons 
dispersion  sale  he  was  sold  to  H.  J.  Blackburn  and  Henry  Bros.,  Henry, 
111.,  for  $400,  and  in  August,  1918,  was  sold  to  E.  W.  Nelson,  Hannibal, 
Mo.,  for  $700.  Died  June  1,  1920,  age  nine  and  one-half  years.  No 
greater  sire  was  ever  produced.  As  an  individual,  he  was  not  as  large 
a  boar  as  many  of  his  day,  but  after  Disher's  Giant  and  Hercules  began 
to  show  their  power  as  breeders,  the  get  of  Big  Ben  was  in  great  demand. 

Oakland's  Equal  69947,  farrowed  February  18,  1911.  Bred  by  Chas. 
Herring,  Columbus,  Nebr.;  sold  to  Froistad  &  Anderson,  Newman  Grove, 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN    1910  AND    1915  43 

Nebr.;  resold  to  D.  R.  Keifer,  Mt.  Carroll,  111.;  resold  to  Bert  Irwin,  Mt. 
Carroll,  111.  Got  by  Smooth  Price  153321,  by  Chief  Price  2d  41357;  dam. 
Big  Mollie  391186,  by  Big  Bone  53069. 

Oakland's  Equal  was  a  full  brother  to  Big  Joe,  and,  in  the  herds  of 
D.  M.  Keifer  and  Bert  Irwin,  he  did  much  to  help  improve  the  breed  in 
the  states  of  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  and  farther  east. 

Big  TiMM  67111,  farrowed  April  9,  1911.  Bred  by  Timm  Neuhofel, 
Central  City,  Nebr.,  sold  to  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.,  summer  of 
1911.  Got  by  the  Big  Orphan  63348  by  Big  Columbus  151313;  dam.  Long 
Thickset  1st  160554,  by  Long  Wonder  54267. 

One  of  the  greatest  progenitors  of  his  time,  the  blood  of  Big  Timm 
has  been  popular  from  its  conception.    He  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Fer- 


ipion,  Nebraska,  1915.     Weight 


guson,  for  $40,  and  was  developed  and  shown,  first,  as  a  yearling,  then 
as  an  aged  boar  in  1914,  winning  second  honors,  being  defeated  by  Big 
Ursus,  shown  by  D.  C.  Lonergan.  In  1915,  he  was  again  shown,  weighing 
1125  pounds,  and  was  awarded  the  grand  championship  honors.  He 
lived  to  be  about  nine  years  old  and  was  active  up  to  a  few  days  before 
his  death. 

Outstanding  qualities  as  transmitted  to  his  offspring  were,  strong 
feet  and  legs,  high  arch  backs  and  longevity. 

Grand  Master  67666,  farrowed  March  8,  1911.  Bred  by  Peter  Eller- 
broek,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  sold  in  dam  to  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  re- 
sold to  Peter  Johnson,  Gray,  Iowa,  September  20,  1911;  sold  to  Chas. 
Christianson,  Gray,  Iowa,  March  1,  1912;  sold  to  Fred  H.  Hassler,  Man- 
ning, Iowa,  August  8,  1913;  sold  to  W.  A.  Leet,  Omaha,  Nebr.,  December 
1,  1915,  and  resold  to  Osbert  Allender  &  Sons,  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa. 
Got  by  Giant  Standard  62191,  by  Perfect  Giant  60470,  dam  Long  Girl  2d 
152374,  by  A  Wonder  57616. 

Grand  Master  first  came  into  the  limelight  in  1914,  when  he  won  the 
special  prize  ottered  by  another  breed  exponent,  for  the  largest  boar  of 
any  breed  on  the  Iowa  State  Fair  Grounds.  Grand  Master  weighed  1,070 
pounds  the  day  of  the  weighing  and  exceeded  by  over  100  pounds  his 


44  MISTOHY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINR 

nearest  rival.  He  later  weighed  1,120  pounds.  As  a  breeding  boar,  he 
ranked  iirst  class,  especially  as  a  sire  of  brood  sows.  Probably  his 
greatest  son  was  Masterpiece,  the  sire  of  the  renowned  Fashion  Girl. 
His  get  have  always  been  in  demand. 


Transmitting   Great 


King  of  Wonders  205757,  farrowed  February  13,  1912.  Bred  by  J.  W. 
Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Got  by  A  Wonder  107353;  dam.  Mam- 
moth Giantess  Equal  484552,  by  Long  King's  Equal  53730. 

An  outstanding  individual,  possessing  great  length,  height,  and  a 
wonderful  set  of  feet  and  legs.  He  came  nearer  the  type  and  idea  of  his 
breeders,  than  any  boar  on  their  farm.  Probably  his  greatest  son  was 
King  .loe  70282.    As  a  sire  of  females,  he  could  not  be  outclassed. 

Big  Tom  196321,  farrowed  March  1,  1912.  Bred  by  Thos.  A.  Shattuck, 
Hastings,  Nebr.;  sold  to  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  October  15, 
1912.  Got  by  Momentum  51021,  by  Pan  Ex  44941;  dam,  Anna  Belle 
111321,  by  Bellmetal  40388. 

Big  Tom  was  grand  champion  of  three  state  fairs.  As  a  sire  of  rea- 
sonably large  hogs,  with  lots  of  quality,  he  could  not  be  excelled.  His 
get  were  shipped  over  many  states  and  did  much  to  improve  the  breed. 

Smooth  Big  Bone  218543,  farrowed  March  30,  1912.  Bred  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa. 
Got  by  Black  Big  Bone  179671,  by  Big  Jones  145221;  dam.  Choice  of 
Maids  B  429170. 

The  Iowa  Slate  Fair  Grand  Champion  of  1914.  A  wonderful  breed- 
ing boar,  and  sows  bred  to  him  commanded  top  prices. 

Orphan  Wonder  1st  65180,  farrowed  March  10,  1912.  Bred  by  Timm 
Neuhofel,  Central  City,  Nebr.;  sold  to  McNutt  &  Meese,  Ord,  Neb.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1912.  Got  by  The  Big  Orphan  63348,  by  Big  Columbus  57162; 
dam,  Uneeda  Wonder  155321,  by  A  Wonder  47460. 

While  not  a  prize  winner,  yet  the  sire  of  many  of  the  prize  winners 
of  the  Nebraska  and  Kansas  state  fairs.  His  get  had  added  length  with 
great  depth  of  body,  and  straight  under-pinning  that  made  them  very 
popular. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1910  AM)    1915  45 

B  Wonder  7138U,  farrowed  March  26,  1913.  Bred  by  Henry  Fcsen- 
nieyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  U.  S.  Byrne,  Saxton,  Mo.,  February 
14,  1913.  Got  by  A  Wonder  47460,  by  Long  Wonder  44:586;  dam.  Pawnee 
Belle  159810,  by  Pawnee  Wonder  60391. 

B  Wonder  was  a  larger  boar  than  his  sire  A  Wonder.  His  dam. 
Pawnee  Belle,  was  an  extremely  large  sow,  and  the  litter  she  farrowed, 
of  which  B  Wonder  was  one,  sold  at  long  prices  for  the  time.  B  Wonder 
was  an  outstanding  sire  of  females,  and  gave  to  the  breeders  of  Missouri 
several  great  brood  sows. 

Big  Bob  212613,  farrowed  September  10,  1912.  Bred  by  B.  W.  Hal- 
ford,  Manning,  Iowa;  sold  one-half  interest  to  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon, 


Big   Bnn  212613 
0/  the  Vciy  Gretiles 


->)  the  Last  Decade 


Iowa,  November  5,  1913.  Got  by  Chief  Price  2d  142861,  by  Longfellow 
119997;  dam,  B's  Lady  Wonder  496684,  by  Long  Wonder  168025. 

Without  a  question  Big  Bob  was  one  of  three  great  progenitors  of 
his  day.  For  a  number  of  years  no  boar  of  the  breed  had  as  many  sons 
at  the  head  of  prominent  herds  as  did  Big  Bob.  Practically  fifty  per 
cent  of  the  winnings  at  each  fair  were  on  his  get  or  directly  traced  to 
him.  He  gave  great  depth  of  body,  width  and  good  feet  and  legs.  Was 
active  and  in  regular  use,  even  to  his  death  at  nine  years  of  age. 

Big  Look  63604,  farrowed  March  2,  1912.  Bred  by  J.  C.  Meese,  Ord, 
Nebr.;  sold  to  W.  A.  Baker  &  Son,  Butler,  Mo.  Got  by  Big  Gun  58980, 
by  Dorr's  Expansion  58^79;  dam.  Sweet  Look  88713,  by  King  Look  24459. 

Big  Look  was  a  noted  show  boar.  He  was  a  consistent  winner, 
wherever  shown.  By  his  popularity  as  a  winner,  the  Bakers  sold  a  great 
many  of  his  get,  that  aided  toward  breed  improvement. 

LoNGi-Ei.i.ow  Sampson  66636,-'f arrowed  August  21,  1912.  Bred  by 
Williams  Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa;  sold  to  W.  E.  Williams,  Silex,  Mo.,  De- 
cember 20,  1912.  Got  by  Big  Sampsoji  58095,  by  Sampson  53261;  dam. 
Lady  Longfellow  156178,  by  Tccumseh  Longfellow  45128. 

Longfellow  Sampson  used  in  the  herd  of  W.  E.  Williams,  Silex,  Mo., 
did  much  to  breed  improvement  in  Missouri.  He  was  an  outstanding 
breeding  boar,  transmitting  extreme  size,  with  a  reasonable  finish. 


46  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Big  Bob  Wonder  71999,  farrowed  March  10,  1914.  Bred  by  Fred  Seiv- 
ers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  H.  B.  Walter,  EfTingham,  Kans.,  September 
30,  1914.  Got  by  Big  Bob  71984,  by  Chief  Price  2d  48865;  dam.  Miss 
Orphan  Wonder  171205,  by  Orphan  Wonder  71983. 

Big  Bob  Wonder  was  the  top  pig  of  the  Fred  Seivers  1914  fall  sale, 
selling  to  H.  B.  Walter  for  $350.00.  The  entire  sale  averaged  $100.00. 
Big  Bob  Wonder  was  an  outstanding  pig,  and  grew  to  maturity  accord- 
ingly. His  greatest  son  was  Caldwell's  Big  Bob,  the  world's  grand  cham- 
pion of  1917  National  Swine  show.  Many  of  his  sons  and  daughters 
won  the  leading  shows  and  proved  exceptional  producers. 

Disher's  Giant  240655  and  Hercules  232407,  farrowed  February  10, 
1913.  Bred  by  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Got  by  Big  Ben 
208905,  by  Smooth  Price  153321 ;  dam,  Mammoth  Giantess  Equal  484552, 
by  Long  King's  Equal  117373. 

Disher's  Giant  and  Hercules,  litter  mates,  were  sold  in  August  13, 
1913,  sale  of  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  to  Warren  C.  Disher,  New  Weston, 
Ohio,  and  L.  B.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa,  respectively.  They  were 
outstanding  pigs,  and  competition  was  keen  in  the  bidding.  Top  pig 
went  to  McClarnon  at  $325,  and  Disher  paid  $300.  A  gilt  in  this  same 
litter,  known  as  Mammoth  Giantess  Equal  13th,  was  retained  in  the 
herd,  and  sold  in  the  Pfander  Dispersion  sale,  bred  to  Gerstdale  Jones 
244187,  for  $3,300,  selling  to  Meyer  Bros  of  Nebraska.  Disher's  Giant 
became  the  greatest  progenitor  of  the  east,  and  was  by  far  the  largest 
boar  east  of  the  Mississippi  river.  Giant  Buster  was  probably  the  great- 
est son  of  Disher's  Giant,  and  really  awakened  the  interest  in  the  breed- 
ing ability  of  the  old  boar,  as  the  public  began  to  pay  homage  to  Disher 
through  liberal  patronage.  Hercules,  while  not  as  great  a  breeding  boar 
as  his  brother,  sired  several  outstanding  sons  and  daughters.  The  Giant 
248743  may  be  said  to  be  his  greatest  son. 

Logan  Price  70066,  farrowed  April  14,  1913.  Bred  by  A.  J.  Poden- 
dorf,  Logan,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  F.  Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville,  Kans.  Got 
by  Chief  Price  Again  65916,  by  Long  Price  55289;  dam,  Logan  Surprise 
3d  159297,  by  Big  Orange  47982. 

Logan  Price  was  the  grand  champion  boar  of  Kansas  and  Oklahoma 
in  1914.  He  was  an  outstanding  breeding  boar,  and  in  the  herd  of  Olivier 
&  Sons,  produced  a  great  many  very  choice  individuals,  which  were  sold 
by  this  iirm  in  sales  as  well  as  at  the  shows.  The  year  1915,  they 
made  several  fairs  in  the  south  and  many  of  the  get  of  this  boar  were 
sold  at  that  time.  His  sire.  Chief  Price  Again,  was  a  state  fair  winner, 
and  the  dam,  being  by  Big  Orange,  gave  the  owners  a  good  reason  to 
keep  the  boar  in  their  herd  for  several  years. 

Big  Hadley  Jr.  240727,  farrowed  April  20,  1913.  Bred  by  A.  J.  Erhart 
&  Sons,  Ness  City,  Kas.  Got  by  Young  Hadley  57562,  by  Big  Hadley 
40832;  dam,  Tecumseh  Girl  148886,  by  Major  B.  Hadley  55422. 

A  line  bred  Hadley  boar,  and  a  breeding  boar  par  excellence.  He 
was  developed  by  Erhart  &  Sons  and  shown  at  many  of  the  southern 
fairs,  where  he  won  repeatedly.  His  sire  before  him  was  a  champion.  Big 
Hadley  Jr.  was  the  sire  of  the  first  big  type  sow  to  sell  for  as  much  as 
$1,500.    His  get  were  easily  disposed  of  throughout  the  middle  west. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1910  AND   1915  47 

SuPERBA  220623,  farrowed  March  1,  1913.  Bred  by  W.  E.  Willey, 
Steele  City,  Nebr.    Got  by  Skylark  189181 ;  dam,  Annie  Price  11th  406418. 

Superba  sold  at  private  sale  to  W.  H.  Rough,  Riverside,  Cal.,  July  7, 
1915,  and  was  shown  at  the  Panama  Pacific  exposition,  San  Francisco, 
winning  the  grand  championship  honors.  Sows  bred  to  this  boar,  and 
selling  in  the  February,  1915,  sale  of  W.  E.  Willey,  made  an  average  of 
$125.  Prior  to  this  he  had  been  the  undefeated  junior  champion  at  sev- 
eral of  the  1914  state  fairs. 

King  Jok  70282,  farrowed  July  14,  1913.  Bred  by  J.  W.  Pfander  & 
Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Sold  to  E.  W.  Cook,  Pattonsburg,  Mo.,  November 
20,  1913.  Got  by  King  of  Wonders  65159,  by  A  Wonder  47460;  dam.  Big 
Joe's  Success  161833,  by  Big  Joe  62174. 

King  Joe,  while  not  a  show  boar,  proved  one  of  the  foremost  breeding 
boars  of  his  day.  He  was  sold  in  the  Cook  dispersion  sale  for  $1,250,  to 
W.  B.  Wallace,  Bunceton,  Mo.  The  boar  in  Wallace's  hand,  made  his 
greatest  strides  toward  popularity.  The  boar  was  sold  in  the  Wallace 
dispersion  sale  to  Bert  Harriman,  Pilot  Grove,  Mo.,  for  $3,500,  as  a  5- 
year-old.  He  was  an  extra  large  boar,  and  transmitted  size  to  his  oflf- 
spring.  Through  Missouri,  where  his  influence  was  felt  the  greatest,  a 
King  Joe  bred  animal  was  always  in  demand. 

Giant  Buster  240657,  farrowed  February  25,  1914.  Bred  by  W.  C. 
Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio;  sold  to  J.  W.  Williams  &  Sons,  Bryant,  Ind., 
November  4,  1914;  resold  to  Williams,  Williams  &  Spurling,  Bryant, 
Ind.,  November  12,  1914.  Got  by  Disher's  Giant  240655,  by  Big  Ben 
208905;  dam,  Big  Lil  555924,  by  Big  Wonder  178565. 

Giant  Buster,  the  "Epoch  Maker"  as  he  was  termed  after  he  had 
fully  demonstrated  his  worth,  was  a  breeder  of  rare  ability.  Perhaps 
no  other  boar  outside  of  his  sire,  Disher's  Giant,  can  boast  of  as  great 
a  popularity  through  absolute  worth  of  production,  as  Giant  Buster. 
He  was  equally  as  important  a  sire  of  sows  as  of  boars,  and  his  get  were 
top  sellers,  even  to  this  day.  Space  would  not  permit  the  enumeration 
of  a  list  of  his  noted  sons  and  daughters,  or  of  his  achievements,  but 
sufficeth  to  say,  he  was  truly  an  "Epoch  Maker." 

Orange  Boy  230167,  farrowed  April  6,  1914.  Bred  by  A.  Kool,  Cor- 
dova, Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Mark  I.  Shaw,  Monroe,  Iowa;  resold  to  M.  A. 
Dowling,  Reasnor,  Iowa,  September  30,  1914;  resold  to  I.  J.  Conrad, 
Melbourne,  Iowa,  September  26,  1916.  Got  by  Kool's  Orange  209749,  by 
Big  Orange  145509;  dam,  Kool's  Model  514938,  by  Jumbo  185275. 

Orange  Boy  was  developed  by  M.  A.  Dowling  and  shown  by  him  at 
the  Iowa  State  Fair,  1916,  where  he  was  a  winner  in  the  open  class.  At 
this  show  he  was  sold  to  I.  J.  Conrad  for  $400,  a  price  that  was  quite 
high  for  those  times.  The  get  of  Orange  Boy  were  winners,  and  showed 
such  evenness  and  type,  that  Conrad,  a  showman  of  some  note,  wanted 
the  boar.  The  get  of  Orange  Boy,  either  directly,  or  through  his  daugh- 
ters, have  won  the  largest  amount  of  the  winnings  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair 
and  National  Swine  show  for  the  past  four  years.  In  some  respects  they 
are  not  quite  so  large  as  other  families  of  the  breed,  but  they  have 
ample  size,  and  finish  quickly,  attaining  a  large  weight  as  under  year 
stuff.    Orange  boy  is  the  sire  of  several  great  boars,  but  it  is  conceded, 


48  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

SO  far  as  dollars  and  cents  demonstrate.  The  Picket  is  probably  the 
greatest,  as  he  sold  at  one  time  for  $10,000  and  at  another  for  $60,000. 

Gekstuale  Jones  244187,  farrowed  July  15,  1914.  Bred  by  Korver 
Bros.,  Alton,  Iowa;  sold  to  Gerstdale  Farm,  Alton,  Iowa,  June  22,  1915; 
sold  to  Peter  Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa,  August  29,  1916;  resold  to  Carter 
&  Van  Deventer,  Mexico,  Mo.,  October  4,  1917;  resold  to  Winn  Bros., 
Mexico,  Mo.,  February  2,  1919.  Got  by  Big  Jones  Again  198153,  by  Big 
Wonder  168195;  dam.  King's  Maid  539060,  by  Iowa  King  200405. 

In  one  of  the  dispersion  sales  of  Peter  Mouw,  October  4,  1917,  Gerst- 
dale Jones  was  the  attracting  figure.  The  breeders  had  speculated  on 
what  the  boar  would  sell  for,  as  they  knew  he  undoubtedly  would  sell 
for  more  money  than  any  big  type  boar.  The  boar  was  termed  by  Mouw 
as  being  the  greatest  boar  he  ever  owned,  since  Chief  Price.  When  the 
boar  was  sold,  he  had  gone  to  a  new  firm,  known  as  Carter  &  Van 
Deventer,  Mexico,  Mo.,  for  $6,600.  A  great  stir  went  over  the  entire 
country,  as  this  price  was  considerably  over  anything  previously  sold, 
either  in  private  or  public  sales.  The  following  winter  Carter  &  Van 
Deventer  made  the  world's  record  sale  on  sows,  bred  to  Gerstdale  Jones, 
averaging  $683.  Many  of  the  sows  sold  bred  to  Gertsdale  Jones  were 
purchased  over  the  cornbelt  at  very  good  prices,  and  with  a  crop  failure 
in  Missouri  in  1918,  a  called  off  sale  of  bred  sows  in  August  of  1918,  plus 
financial  trouble  with  their  home  bank,  caused  the  dispersion  of  the 
Carter  &  Van  Deventer  herd,  and  Gerstdale  Jones  found  a  new  home  at 
the  price  of  $2,250,  selling  to  Winn  Bros.,  Mexico,  Mo.  It  might  be  said 
that  the  popularity  of  Gerstdale  Jones  rose  and  fell,  yet  no  boar  con- 
tributed more  to  the  breed  advancement  than  did  this  great  boar.  He 
was  a  victim  of  circumstances. 

.  Long  Jumbo  2d  74013,  farrowed  March  3,  1914.  Bred  by  R.  W.  Hal- 
ford,  Manning.  Iowa,  sold  in  dam  to  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kas.,  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1914,  sold  to  U.  S.  Byrne,  Saxton,  Mo.,  October  21,  1914.  Got 
by  Long  Jumbo  62719,  by  Jumbo  Prospect  54339;  dam.  Big  Lady  Won- 
der 156524,  by  Long  Wonder  65334. 

Long  Jumbo  2d  was  the  top  boar  pig  of  the  famous  $1,550  litter  sold 
by  H.  B.  Walter.  He  sold  for  $370  to  Byrne.  In  the  Byrne  herd  this 
boar  proved  an  unusual  breeding  boar,  and  sows  that  sold  bred  to  him, 
averaged  among  the  top  selling  sows  of  the  season.  He  was  unquestion- 
ably one  of  the  best  sow-siring  boars  of  his  time. 

Big  Price  73212,  farrowed  March  1,  1914.  Bred  to  T.  W.  Cavett, 
Phillips,  Nebr.;  sold  to  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  October  27, 
1915.  Got  by  Long  Price  70018,  by  Chief  Price  Again  2d  69152;  dam, 
Giantess  140218,  by  Cloverdale  Hadley  51814. 

Big  Price  was  an  unusually  large  yearling,  weighing  640  pounds,  as 
a  short  yearling,  with  a  9y2-inch  bone.  He  was  an  attractive  boar,  win- 
ning first  in  class  at  the  Nebraska  Slate  fair  in  1915,  and  grand  champion 
at  the  Kansas  State  fair!  On  October  27,  1915,  during  the  annual  fall 
sale  of  T.  W.  Cavett,  the  boar  \\as  looked  owv  very  carefully  by  W.  J. 
Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  a  showman  of  some  note.  He  oft'ered 
Mr.  Cavett  $1,000  for  the  boar,  and  after  some  consideration,  the  otfer 
was  accepted.    The  papers  gave  some  space  to  the  sale,  even  to  the  re- 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BKTWEEN    1910  AM)    191.-)  49 

production  of  the  check,  given  in  payment.  Big  Price  went  on  as  a 
show  boar,  and  won  many  times  in  the  shows  of  the  north. 

The  Giant  72083,  farrowed  March  1,  1914.  Bred  by  L.  R.  McClarnon, 
Braddyviiie,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  W.  G.  Lockridge,  Fayette,  Mo.,  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1914;  sold  to  Winn  Bros.,  May,  1919.  Got  by  Hercules  68356, 
by  Big  Ben  61935;  dam.  Colossal  Giantess  166209,  by  Colossal  58180. 

The  Giant  demonstrated  his  ability  as  a  producer  and  won  fame. 
He  was  the  grand  champion  boar  of  Missouri  State  fair  in  1915,  and 
later  went  on  to  the  National  Swine  show  in  1916,  and  won  third  place, 
being  sick  during  most  of  the  show.     He  weighed  over  1100  pounds, 


and  was  a  breeding  boar  par  excellence.  His  get,  both  sows  and  boars, 
have  been  among  the  top  sellers  of  the  country;  as  a  sow  sire  he  ranked 
first.  Space  would  not  permit  to  give  an  enumeration  of  the  splendid 
get  of  this  great  boar.  He  was  sold  with  the  entire  herd  of  W.  G.  Lock- 
ridge, to  Winn  Bros.,  Mexico,  Mo.,  in  May,  1919. 

SuRPRisK  Prospect  244191.  farrowed  March  12,  1914.  Bred  by  E. 
Gritters,  Perkins,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  Wm.  Scholten,  Alton,  Iowa; 
resold  to  Bloemcndaal  Bros.,  Alton,  Iowa,  September  25,  1914;  resold  to 
I.  B.  Morgan,  Galveston,  Ind.,  February  20,  1916;  resold  to  W.  C.  Gambel, 
Noblesville,  Ind.;  resold  to  Wilvcr  Dell  Farm,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  June, 
1918;  resold  to  Sparta  Farm,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  January  22,  1920. 

Surprise  Prospect  was  formerly  known  as  Long  Wonder.  He  did  a 
great  service  in  the  herd  of  the  Bloemendaal  Brothers,  and  later  in  the 
herd  of  W.  C.  Gambel.  It  was  his  great  ability  as  a  sire  that  attracted 
the  Wilver  Dell  Farms.  Surprise  Prospect  is  the  sire  of  the  ■'[;10,200 
(the  first  boar  to  reach  such  a  price).  Col.  Jack  and  of  Greene's  Long 
Prospect,  and  various  other  noted  animals.  He  sold  to  Gambel  for 
$1,000,  to  Wilver  Dell  Farm  for  .t;l,500,  and  to  Sparta  Farm  for  !{!2,500. 

Long  Big  Bone  227069,  farrowed  February  2,  1914.  Bred  by  C.  R. 
Jones,  Henry,  111.;  sold  to  Fred  Scivcrs,  Audubon,  Iowa,  October  15. 
1914.  Got  by  Black  Big  Bone  179671,  by  Big  Jones  14.')221 :  dam.  Mouw's 
Lucy  450688,  by  Big  Jumbo  153879. 


50  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Long  Big  Bone,  the  first  prize  aged  boar  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  1916, 
and  the  grand  champion  of  the  First  National  Swine  show,  1916,  was  an 
extremely  large  boar,  weighing  officially  1115  pounds.  President  Wil- 
son, on  his  visit  to  the  National  Swine  show,  personally  inspected  this 
boar.  As  a  breeding  boar,  he  was  not  the  equal  of  other  great  boars,  in 
the  Seivers  herd,  but  was  the  sire  of  a  few  very  prominent  breeding 
boars.  He  was  later  sold  to  Chas.  Herring,  Columbus,  Nebr.,  and  Mr. 
Herring  made  several  good  sales  through  his  influence.  Long  Big  Bone 
was  a  litter  brother  of  Black  Big  Bone  2d  227071,  the  Iowa  1915  grand 
champion,  winning  as  a  junior  yearling,  in  one  of  the  strongest  shows 
of  the  breed. 

Mankato  Wonder  or  Korver's  Orange  Wonder  245891,  farrowed  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1914.  Bred  by  L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa;  sold  to  J. 
M.  Peery,  Alvord,  Iowa,  September  7,  1914;  resold  to  Lasby  &  Rose, 
Mankato,  Minn.,  November  15,  1915;  resold  to  Korver  Bros.,  Alton,  Iowa. 
Got  by  Big  Orange  145509,  by  Orange  Chief  82233;  dam,  Topsy  492666, 
by  A  Wonder  107353. 

As  far  as  the  changing  of  names,  this  Boar  had  at  least  three  names, 
but  was  known  better  by  Mankato  Wonder,  and  in  the  herd  of  Lasby  & 
Rose  made  his  influence  felt  throughout  the  entire  northwest.  He  was 
sold  to  Korver  Bros.,  Alton,  Iowa,  in  1918,  and  under  the  name  of  Kor- 
ver's Orange  Wonder,  did  much  to  bring  new  trade  to  this  firm.  Man- 
kato Wonder  was  a  full  brother  to  Mc's  Big  Orange,  the  sire  of  The 
Pilot  and  the  Yankee.  The  best  sons  of  Mankato  Wonder  were  the 
Rainbow,  used  in  the  herd  of  R.  C.  Henry,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  and  Imperator 
290867,  used  in  the  herd  of  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning,  Iowa. 

Mc's  Big  Orange  293865  A,  76952  S,  farrowed  September  2,  1914. 
Bred  by  L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa.  Got  by  Big  Orange  145509, 
by  Orange  Chief  82233;  dam,  Topsy  492666,  by  A  Wonder  107353. 

Mc's  Big  Orange  proved  to  be  one  of  the  greatest  progenitors  of  the 
breed.  He  was  a  combined  product  of  two  of  the  breed's  greatest  boars 
— Big  Orange  and  A  Wonder.  His  get  were  in  demand,  especially  after 
his  son.  The  Pilot,  had  been  made  the  grand  champion  boar  of  the 
world,  at  the  National  Swine  show,  1919,  and  another  son.  The  Yankee, 
had  been  sold  to  W.  H.  Ellsworth,  Goldfield,  Iowa,  for  $40,000.  While 
they  were  popular  for  the  above  reasons,  yet  like  their  sire,  they  were 
great  breeding  boars. 

Severe's  Big  Timm  252065  A,  78425  S,  farrowed  September  6,  1914. 
Bred  by  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.;  sold  to  Fred  L.  Rood,  Clear- 
field, Iowa,  October  14,  1915;  resold  to  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa,  Feb- 
ruary 10,  1916;  resold  to  R.  A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla.,  August  1,  1917; 
resold  to  Mooreland  Stock  Farm,  Keota,  Okla.,  March,  1918.  Got  by 
Big  Timm  190903,  by  The  Big  Orphan  171013;  dam.  Susan  2d  468926,  by 
Long  Boy  139597. 

While  in  the  herd  of  A.  D.  Severe,  Severe's  Big  Timm,  made  an 
enviable  record,  which  attracted  R.  A.  Welch,  of  Oklahoma,  who  was 
then  establishing  one  of  the  greatest  herds  in  the  south.  He  had  pre- 
viously purchased  two  record  price  boars,  both  being  pigs,  paying  for 
Buster's  Giant,  by  Giant" Buster,  .$2,000,  and  for  Chief  Defender's. Choice, 
by  Chief  Defender,  $2,250.     For  Severe's  Big  Timm,   he  paid'  $2,500, 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1910  AND   1915  51 

which  created  quite  a  stir  among  Poland  Chinadom.  Sows  bred  to 
Severe's  Big  Timm  in  the  Welch  herd  made  a  record  average  of  $427, 
and  Severe  made  an  average  of  $836.50  on  boars  by  Severe's  Big  Timm, 
seUing  the  Chancellor  for  $5,500.  Severe's  Big  Timm  was  by  the  1125- 
pound  grand  champion,  Big  Timm,  and  was  a  htter  mate  to  Fessy's  Timm 
256027. 

Denny's  Giant  268493  A,  farrowed  October  2,  1914.  Bred  by  Warren 
C.  Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio;  sold  to  George  M.  Denny,  Wilmington, 
Ohio,  November  4,  1915.  Got  by  Disher's  Giant  240655,  by  Big  Ben 
208905;  dam,  Big  Lil  55924,  by  Big  Wonder  178565. 

Denny's  Giant  was  a  full  brother  to  Giant  Buster.  His  abiUty  as  a 
breeder  brought  him  fame  among  Poland  China  men  of  the  east.  Later 
his  sons  were  purchased  by  the  western  producers,  and  wherever  you 
found  one,  he  was  usually  a  very  good  one.  He  was  the  sire  of  Mountain 
Giant,  that  was  conceded  to  be  about  the  nearest  to  perfection  in  Poland 
China  swine.  Mountain  Giant  was  sold  to  Meyer  Bros.,  of  Nebraska, 
and  later  died,  without  giving  much  use  to  his  purchasers. 

Fessy's  Timm  256027,  farrowed  September  6,  1914.  Bred  by  Wm. 
Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.;  sold  to  H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1915.  Got  by  Big  Timm  190903,  by  the  Big  Orphan  171013; 
dam,  Susan  2d  468926,  by  Long  Boy  139597. 

Fessy's  Timm  was  purchased  by  H.  Fesenmeyer  at  the  Nebraska 
State  fair,  after  the  pig  had  won  the  junior  championship  of  the  show. 
He  was  outstanding  and  with  the  publicity  which  only  Fesenmeyer 
could  give,  the  boar  readily  found  favor  among  Fesenmeyer's  sale 
crowds.  Sows  bred  to  this  champion  sold  at  good  prices.  Like  his 
great  sire,  Big  Timm,  the  boar  proved  a  great  progenitor.  He  was  a 
litter  mate  to  Severe's  Big  Timm  252065. 

Big  Price's  Equal  265269,  farrowed  March  23,  1915.  Bred  by  T.  W. 
Cavett,  Phillips,  Nebr. ;  sold  to  J.  D.  Brierbower,  Phillips,  Nebr.,  Febru- 
ary 1,  1916;  sold  to  Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  October  26, 
1916.  Got  by  Big  Quahty  247167,  by  Chief  Price  Again  2d  170067;  dam. 
Big  Lady  607674,  by  Long  Price  228245. 

Big  Price's  Equal  was  a  show  and  breeding  boar.  He  won  many 
grand  championship  honors,  and  stood  first  at  the  1918  National  Swine 
show.* 

Big  Square  Jumbo  258589,  farrowed  September  9, 1915.  Bred  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa;  sold  to  E.  C.  Caverly,  Toulon,  111.,  August  31, 
1916;  sold  a  one-half  interest  to  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolon,  111.,  February  14, 
1918.  Got  by  Mouw's  Square  Jones  231299,  by  Black  Big  Jumbo  195505; 
dam,  Mouw's  Lady  13th  536510,  by  Black  Big  Jumbo  195505.  Big  Square 
Jumbo  was  one  of  the  largest  boars  of  his  time,  also  a  wonderful  breed- 
ing boar.  Many  of  his  get  were  winners  in  the  big  shows  of  the  country. 
He  transmitted  the  great  size  to  his  offspring. 

Other  great  boars  deserving  much  credit  for  their  part  in  the  breed's 
improvement  and  advancement: 

Long  Wonder  169495,  Big  Knox  155031,  Hather's  Big  Orphan  227033, 
Black  Big  Wonder  220999,  Black  Jumbo  221231,  Bloemendaal's  Big 
Chief  230119,  McGath's  Big  Orphan  221635,  Adams  Big  Bone  226123, 
Titanic  Giant  310491,  and  Long  Wonder  2d  288537. 


CHAPTER  X 

Prominent  Boars  Between  1915  to  1920 

r  ROM  the  chapter  just  prior,  "Prominent  Boars  From  1910  to  1915," 
one  is  undoubtedly  enthused  with  the  rapid  strides  of  progress  of  the 
Poland  China  as  a  breed,  and  agreeably  surprised  at  the  commonplace 
activities  toward  such  progress.  In  other  words,  the  advancement  of 
the  breed  was  through  little  efforts  of  the  promoters  toward  a  clamoring 
for  high  prices. 

The  continued  exhibiting  of  the  superior  types  at  the  leading  shows 
brought  out  several  boars  and  sows  that  began  early  to  make  breed 
history.  It  was  in  the  fall  of  1915,  that  W.  J.  Graham  of  Minnesota  paid 
$1,000  cash  for  Big  Price  73212,  the  first  prize  yearling  of  Nebraska  and 
grand  champion  of  Kansas.  He  also  paid  Thos.  A.  Shattuck  $500  for  a 
gilt.  These  prices  rather  spurred  up  auctions  throughout  the  middle 
west  and  bred  sows  sales  in  the  winter  of  1916  averaged  considerably 
more  than  a  year  previous. 

The  coming  of  the  National  Swine  show,  the  first  show  being  in 
Omaha,  Nebr.,  fall  of  1916,  instilled  new  life  and  energy  in  the  entire 
hog  business.  Hogs  were  selling  on  the  local  market,  February,  1916, 
at  $7.07,  and  each  month  became  a  little  stronger,  rising  to  $23.00,  in 
July,  1919. 

The  sales  of  1917  established  many  record  sale  averages,  and  indi- 
vidual animals  commanded  higher  prices  than  had  ever  been  dreamed 
of.  The  sale  of  Gerstdale  Jones  by  Peter  Mouw  attracted  considerable 
speculation,  but  even  the  wildest  dreams  did  not  place  the  sale  price 
of  the  boar  beyond  $5,000,  but  he  sold  for  $6,600.  From  this  sale  breed- 
ers began  to  talk  in  larger  figures.  The  local  market  conditions  were 
stronger,  justifying  an  advance  in  the  market  of  pure  breds.  The  bred 
sow  sale  of  Carter  &  Van  Deventer,  February,  1918,  the  owners  of  Gerst- 
dale Jones,  set  a  new  record,  sows  averaging  $683  per  head,  with  a  top 
of  $2,500.  Many  of  the  leading  breeders  of  the  entire  country  were 
present  and  bought. 

Breeders  were  somewhat  used  to  matured  hogs  bringing  good  prices, 
but  when,  on  July  1.  1918,  $3,000  was  paid  by  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview, 
Mo.,  for  the  six  months  old  boar  pig  Liberator,  a  new  thrill  was  experi- 
enced, which  really  became  a  great  impetus  to  the  breed.  Col.  Jack, 
after  winning  first  in  the  aged  class  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  1918,  was 
sold  at  public  auction  in  the  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  September, 
1918,  sale,  to  Paul  Wagner,  Norfolk,  Nebr..  for  $10,200.  Speculation 
had  it  the  boar  would  bring  $10,000.  and  a  great  crowd  of  breeders 
wore  present  to  sec  the  first  boar  to  connnand  so  large  a  price,  and  they 
were  not  disappointed. 

On  November  16,  1918,  L.  H.  Glover  made  a  record  sale,  selling  ten 
of  the  most  prominent  gilts  and  yearlings  bred  to  the  sensational  Liber- 


PROMINENT  BOAHS   BETWEEN   ]<)15  AND    1!)20  53 

ator.  The  fall  sales  for  the  most  part  were  not  up  to  normal,  due  to  a 
severe  siege  of  influenza  over  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  United 
States.  Many  sales  were  called  off",  and  others  forced  to  withdraw, 
especially  those  booked  to  be  held  in  a  town,  as  local  authorities  had 
demanded  all  public  gatherings  to  be  discontinued,  through  fear  of 
spreading  the  awful  disease. 

January,  1919,  bred  sow  sales  started  off  with  a  great  deal  of  enthu- 
siasm. Wni.  Green,  Algona,  Iowa,  made  a  record  sale  on  sows,  bred 
to  Evolution,  making  an  average  of  over  $700.  This  record  held  only  a 
few  days,  when  L.  H.  Glover  sold  forty  sows  bred  to  Liberator  for  an 
average  of  -^813.  Sales  of  from  $200  to  700  were  common,  records  being 
smashed  every  few  weeks. 

The  summer  sales  of  1919  started  with  the  sale  of  Mabel's  Jumbo 
244031.  Speculation  had  it  that  an  attempt  would  be  made  to  sell  this 
boar  for  more  money  than  any  Poland  China  boar  had  ever  brought, 
which  would  be  in  excess  of  $15,000,  the  price  paid  for  the  Clansman 


Columbian  Giant  374229 
Shou'inn  Extreme  Size  and  Wonderful  Conformation.     One  of  a  Litter 
ars   That   Attracted   National    Comment.      Sold   for  120,000 

by  Win.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  Lake  Geneva,  Wis.  After  a  price  of  nearly 
$15,000,  on  the  boar  in  direct  competitive  bids,  some  of  the  breeders 
who  were  UMable  to  buy  the  boar,  made  counter  offers  to  buy  breeding 
privileges  at  $500  each,  if  the  boar  sold  for  more  money  than  any  other 
boar.  A  canvass  of  the  crowd  was  taken  and  23  sows  were  volunteered 
to  be  delivered,  the  sellers,  Halford  &  Hassler,  agreeing  to  deliver  ten. 
This  sale  brought  out  a  great  deal  of  criticism,  especially  from  the  breed 
journals,  and  the  editors  took  the  breeders  to  task  for  sales  that  were 
otherwise  than  sane  and  sensible  wherein  the  breeder  tried  to  feature 
the  price  paid  rather  than  the  merits  oi'  the  animals.  Evolution,  the 
boar  with  which  Wm.  Greene  made  a  record  sale,  was  sold  for  $25,200, 
but  the  sale  was  not  taken  seriously  by  a  vast  majority  of  the  breeders. 

The  sales  of  litters  by  Liberator  were  among  the  record  selling  sales 
of  the  entire  country,  during  the  fall  of  1919.    The  October  sale  of  L.  H. 


54  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Glover  resulted  in  an  average  of  over  $1,200  per  head,  which  was  another 
record  breaker  for  sale  averages.  Harrison's  Big  Bob  sold  to  C.  C. 
Potter,  Pattonsburg,  Mo.,  for  $10,100,  and  Wonder  Buster  sold  to  Head  & 
Gray,  Palmyra,  Mo.,  for  $10,200.  Sheldon  Wonder  sold  to  Harry  Uitten- 
bogaard,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  for  $10,000.  Designer,  a  litter  brother  of  Lib- 
erator, sold  November  6,  1919,  to  D.  C.  Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence,  Nebr., 
for  $30,000.  Wm.  Ferguson,  the  seller,  making  a  January  sale  with  sows 
bred  to  this  boar,  averaging  $1,155,  and  Lonergan  &  Sons,  made  a  Janu- 
ary 17th  sale  with  sows  bred  to  the  same  boar,  resulting  an  average  over 
$1,300. 

January  19, 1920,  was  a  memorable  day,  when  thirty-six  head  of  sows 
catalogued  in  the  L.  H.  Glover  sale  sold,  bred  to  Liberator,  for  an  aver- 
age of  $3,112.  Fashion  Girl,  the  dam  of  Liberator  and  Designer,  as  well 
as  a  host  of  other  noted  sons  and  daughters,  sold  for  the  record  price 
of  $17,200,  to  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.  This  sale  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  night  sale,  Winn  &  Moore,  Randolph  Mo.,  selling  forty  sows, 
bred  to  Revelation  and  Emancipator,  for  an  average  of  over  $1,400. 
Model  Giantess  3rd  sold  in  this  sale,  bred  to  Liberator,  for  $11,300,  going 
to  Colvert  Bros.,  Oxford,  Ind. 

Other  notable  sales  between  the  fall  of  1919  and  summer  of  1920, 
were  as  follows: 

The  Pickett  selling  to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  for  $10,000 
and  free  service  fees  to  thirty  sows.  Later  the  sale  of  this  boar  to  Tow 
Bros.,  Norway,  Iowa,  with  a  herd  of  sows,  for  $104,000,  wherein  The 
Picket  was  hsted  as  selling  for  $60,000. 

The  Yankee  selling  to  W.  H.  Ellsworth,  Goldfield,  Iowa,  for  $40,000. 
Dunndale  Pilot  selling  to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  for  $50,000. 

The  Rainbow,  by  The  Yankee,  selling  to  H.  M.  Menough,  Grimes, 
Iowa,  for  $25,000. 

Checkers,  by  Checkmaker,  selling  to  Jim  Bloemendaal,  Alton,  Iowa, 
for  $20,000. 

Countersign,  by  Designer,  selling  to  Williams  Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa, 
for  $12,000. 

Passport  selling  to  Arlington  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  for  $10,000. 

Many  pigs  selling  at  prices  of  $500  to  $5,000,  both  boars  and  gilts. 
Litters  selling  from  $2,000  to  $23,000. 

By  May  and  June  of  1920,  many  had  begun  to  prophesy  "something  is 
going  to  happen,"  yet  none  were  able  to  tell  when  it  would  begin  or 
under  what  form.  The  price  of  hogs  on  the  open  market  was  strong, 
and  the  outlook  for  a  crop  better  than  in  years.  The  annual  boar 
specials  of  the  breed  papers  were  larger  than  any  preceding  year,  con- 
taining the  advertisements  of  the  many  breeders  clamoring  for  recog- 
nition.   Some  using  as  many  as  ten  and  twelve  pages  in  a  single  issue.  . 

During  this  time  L.  H.  Glover  and  Frank  D.  Winn  made  a  trip 
through  Iowa  and  located  a  litter  of  extra  large  boars,  known  after- 
wards as  Grant's  Great  Giant,  Peter  the  Great,  Columbian  Giant,  D's 
Big  Jones  and  K's  Big  Jones.  Mr.  Glover  purchased  a  one-half  interest 
in  Peter  the  Great,  and  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  purchased  Co- 
lumbian Giant,  for  $20,000.  The  new  find  was  advertised  as  "out-cross" 
blood,  and  rather  bewildered  the  public,  as  many  mistook  Mr.  Glover's 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  55 

intentions,  tliinking  that  he  had  thrown  Liberator  down,  and  they,  with 
sons  and  daughters  of  the  boar,  depending  on  him  to  push  the  boar 
on  to  even  greater  heights,  were  left  with  high-priced  animals  on  hands 
with  which  to  try  and  realize  a  profit.  Messrs.  Winn  and  Glover  pur- 
chased a  number  of  sows,  the  get  of  these  boars,  and  sold  them  at  public 
auction  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  September  7,  1920,  reahzing  but  a  fair 
profit.  Another  sale,  mixed  with  several  of  their  own  breeding,  were 
sold  on  the  Iowa  state  fair  grounds  during  the  week  of  the  National 
Swine  show  in  October.  Several  of  the  Iowa  breeders  took  exception 
to  the  sale  being  staged  so  far  away  from  the  home  of  the  sellers,  and 
against  what  several  said  was  an  over-advertising  of  some  of  the  entries 
catalogued.  So  incensed  were  a  few  of  the  breeders  that  they  showed 
their  disapproval,  in  the  purchase  of  Lot  38,  a  yearling  boar  by  the 
name  of  Real  Good,  a  son  of  Grant's  Great  Giant,  and  after  taking 
to  the  farm  of  one  of  the  breeders  had  him  castrated.    While  the  foot- 


LiBERATOR  Buster  375555 

By  Liberator  98965  Out  of  Buster's  Best  em'^  .First  Prize  Junior  Yearling,  National 

Swine  Show,  mO.      Wei'jht  at   This   Shoxo,  770  Pounds 

note  of  the  boar  did  not  qualify  in  the  detail,  yet  it  did  not  merit  the 
"school  kid"  antics  of  the  breeders,  which  undoubtedly  had  an  influence 
for  bad  on  the  breed,  as  promoters  of  competitive  breeds  used  the  dem- 
onstration as  a  joke  to  the  detriment  of  the  best  interests  of  the  breed. 
The  farther  away  the  breeder,  who  was  unable  to  get  the  details,  the 
more  alarming  and  far  from  the  truth,  the  stories. 

The  entire  country  was  blessed  with  the  greatest  crops  of  all  kinds 
in  its  history.  Technically,  the  United  States  was  still  at  war  with 
Germany  and  her  allies.  Exports  on  pork  products,  that  many  had 
claimed  would  be  shipped,  fell  short  of  1919  by  the  equivalent  of  six 
and  one-half  million  hogs.  The  local  markets,  ranging  with  $23  pork 
in  July  and  August,  1919,  and  prices  from  i^\5A0  to  $16.15  for  the  first 
eight  months  of  1920,  sent  hogs  to  $17.80  in  September,  due  to  the  tre- 
mendous shortage  of  hogs  to  reach  the  markets  of  our  country.  In 
October  the  highest  price  paid  was  $15.60  and  from  then  on  the  market 
went  tumbling,  reaching  the  low  level  of  $8.75  in  December.    The  great 


5C  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

slump  that  occurred  in  prices  in  the  face  of  reduced  receipts  was  chiefly 
attributable  to  the  general  downward  movement  in  markets  for  all 
conmaodities  retlecting  the  reaction  from  war  inflation.  Restricted 
money  for  feeding  investment,  as  well  as  for  pure  bred  live  stock,  and 
every  other  line  of  industry,  became  a  stern  reality,  forcing  the  breed- 
ers and  producers  to  accept  prices  for  their  output  considerably  below 
cost. 

The  result  was,  that  at  the  close  of  1920,  and  the  winter  of  1921,  but 
few  sales  were  held,  advertising  and  sale  expenses  cut,  and  those  who 
had  to  sell,  taking  a  loss  that  in  some  cases  was  staggering,  but  the 
faith  of  the  breeders  in  keeping  or  buying  the  best  that  were  offered 
for  sale,  was  sure  and  steadfast.  The  inferior  boar  or  sow,  that  because 
of  a  good  pedigree  was  used  for  their  popularity,  found  their  way  to 
the  feeding  pens  and  stock  yards.  An  abundance  of  feed,  but  no  price 
for  it  on  the  markets,  corn  selling  at  40  to  60  cents,  per  bushel,  corn- 
huskers  demanding  8  to  12  cents  per  bushel  to  put  it  in  the  cribs,  caused 
many  of  the  breeders  to  turn  their  hogs  in  the  fields.  The  farmers, 
many  not  having  a  single  hog  on  their  farms,  due  to  the  extreme  prices 
for  market  hogs,  took  advantage  of  the  slump  in  prices  of  pure  breds, 
and  purchased  the  majority  of  the  breeders'  output  during  the  late 
fall  of  1920,  and  the  bred  sow  sales  of  1921.  The  money  .situation,  while 
serious,  credit  could  be  obtained  by  those  worthy  of  such,  especially 
the  farmer. 

The  terms  for  pure  bred  sales  became  quite  a  serious  question,  dur- 
ing the  winter  of  1921.  Breeders  took  pride  in  the  fact  that  they  were 
selling  strictly  for  cash,  but  as  there  was  a  limited  amount  of  money 
with  which  to  pay  cash,  then  \\'hat  should  be  done  regarding  the  giving 
of  notes:  Who  were  worthy,  and  who  should  not  be  allowed  credit. 
Among  the  more  peculiar  terms,  was  the  payment  of  one-third  cash,  the 
balance  on  nine  months'  time  at  the  prevailing  rate  of  interest  {6%  to 
8%),  secured  by  an  insurance  ])olicy  on  a  "named"  company.  Some  ad- 
vertised 30%  cash,  balance,  nine  to  twelve  months,  and  others  adver- 
tised strictly  cash. 

Irrespective  of  the  many  vicissitudes  of  the  Poland  China  breeder 
during  1920  and  1921.  the  years  of  1915  to  1920  were  the  greatest  years 
of  prosperity  ever  enjoyed  in  a  similar  period.  While  prices  in  some 
instances  were  beyond  the  value  of  the  animals,  yet  we  are  prone  to 
say  that  the  failure  to  own  a  really  good  herd  boar  has  put  more  men 
out  of  business  than  ever  did  the  purchase  of  boars  at  prices  that 
were  too  high.  Many  men  purchased  and  paid  for  good  farms,  im- 
proved and  bettered  their  farming  and  breeding  operations;  built  good 
roads,  churches  and  schools  and  in  general  raised  the  standards  of  living. 
The  Poland  China  as  a  breed  was  looked  up  to  as  the  banner  hog  of 
the  world,  possessing  more  size,  an  abundance  of  quality,  and  a  superior 
feeder.  May  those  in  the  years  to  come,  who  have  in  charge  her  destiny, 
look  well  to  the  denumds  of  the  farmer  and  feeder,  keeping  in  mind  the 
necessity  of  a  meat  producing  animal  that  will  grow  to  any  size  desired, 
retaining  the  superior  flesluning  (jualitiis.  reaching  the  markets  in 
the  shortest  i)ossible  liiiu>  on  a  given  amount  of  grain. 

For  your  infonnation,  we  lierewith  list  a  few  of  the  many  boars, 


PROMINENT   BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  57 

who,   because   of   their   superior  breeding,   helped   make   possible    the 
enviable  position  the  breed  now  occupies. 

Caldwell's  Big  Bob  272689.  farrowed  February  16,  1915.  Bred  by 
H.  B.  Walter,  EtTingham,  Kans.;  sold  to  Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Howard, 
Kans.,  October,  1915.  Got  by  Big  Bob  Wonder  252987,  by  Big  Bob  212613; 
dam,  Expansive  Belle  598822,  by  Expansive  148117. 

Perliaps  no  boar  has  created  a  more  lasting  impression  than  has  the 
immortal  Caldwell's  Big  Bob.  Possessed  with  a  wonderful  vitality, 
and  endowed  with  a  tremendous  frame,  under  the  careful  handling  of 
Fred  B.  Caldwell,  this  great  boar  became  the  largest  yearling  ever 
shown,  weighing  close  to  1,000  pounds  as  a  yearling.  At  the  first  Na- 
tional Swine  show  he  made  a  close  race  for  grand  championship  honors 
and  many  favored  him  for  that  honor,  but  he  was  awarded  the  reserve 
championship  honors.  Coming  back  in  even  greater  form  the  next 
year,  1917,  he  easily  won  the  coveted  purple  ribbon.  His  official  weight 
was  1,122  pounds.  Caldwell  paid  a  record  price  for  the  pig,  $230,  and 
turned  down  after  the  first  show  at  the  National  Swine  show  in  1916. 
a  cash  offer  of  $2,500.  The  boar  was  a  winner  wherever  shown,  and 
for  a  number  of  years  after  his  winning  the  1917  world's  show  he  was 
shown  by  Caldwell  at  the  head  of  the  aged  herd.  His  get  were  in 
demand  for  a  number  of  years,  and  as  a  sire,  ranked  among  the  best. 
The  following  year  after  his  winning  the  world's  greatest  honors,  his 
get  "cleaned  up"  the  1918  world's  show. 

W's  Giant  251175,  farrowed  "March  1,  1915.  Bred  by  W.  C.  Disher, 
New  Weston,  Ohio,  sold  to  C.  D.  Wellington,  Clymers,  Ind.,  November 
4,  1915;  resold  to  W.  C.  Disher,  June  20,  1917;  resold  to  Sol.  L.  Leonard, 
St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  April  17,  1918.  Got  by  Disher's  Giant  240655,  by  Big 
Ben  208905;  dam.  Lady  Big  Crow  541824,  by  Big  Crow  162503. 

W's  Giant  became  famous  in  the  herd  of  Sol.  L.  Leonard.  Leonard 
was  attracted  to  the  boar  through  the  get,  as  exhibited  by  C.  D.  WeUing- 
ton.  His  offspring  were  of  large  frame,  and  when  grown  out  made  extra 
large  animals.  Among  the  very  best  animals  exhibited  at  the  fairs 
through  central  west  were  by  W's  Giant,  and  breeders  began  to  buy  his 
get.  Mary  Pickford  and  Melba,  Hercules  Girl  4th  and  various  other 
females  that  made  breed  history  were  by  him,  as  well  as  many  prom- 
inent herd  boars.  Sows  bred  to  W's  Giant  were  among  the  top  sellers 
of  the  west.  He  has  given  much  to  the  breed  in  the  way  of  size,  good 
feet,  and  constitution.  At  five  years  of  age,  he  weighed  close  to  1,100 
pounds,  stood  44  inches  tall,  and  was  very  active. 

Bridges  Bob  Wonder  271117  A,  76481  S,  farrowed  March  15,  1915. 
Bred  by  H.  B.  Walter.  Effingham,  Kans.;  sold  in  dam  to  Bridges  Bros.. 
Slater,  Mo.  Got  by  Big  Bob  Wonder  252987,  by  Big  Bob  212613;  dam. 
Lady  H.  619348,  by  Moore's  Halvor  175421. 

Bridges  Bob  Wonder,  a  half  brother  to  the  grand  champion,  Cald- 
well's Big  Bob  272689,  was  in  a  measure  the  image  of  his  half  brother. 
He  was  a  very  large  boar,  broad  and  deep,  with  an  abundance  of  vigor, 
and  was  the  grand  champion  boar  of  the  Missouri  State  fair,  1917.  A 
number  of  his  sons  found  their  way  into  prominent  herds,  yet  his  great- 
est abiUty  was  as  a  producer  of  females. 

Big  Fred  272201  A,  76960  S,  farrowed  March  10,  1915.    Bred  by  Fred 


58  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  Williams  Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa,  Septem- 
ber 24,  1915.  Got  by  Big  Bob  212613,  by  Chief  Price  2d  142861 ;  dam,  Big 
Wonder's  Model  515660,  by  Big  Wonder  160349. 

In  the  herd  of  Williams  Bros.,  Big  Fred  became  one  of  the  breed's 
leading  sires  of  outstanding  good  sows.  As  a  sire  of  boars  he  was  over- 
shadowed by  other  sons  of  Big  Bob. 

Chief  Defender  257785,  farrowed  March  3,  1915,  bred  by  E.  C. 
Caverly,  Toulon,  111.;  sold  to  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  October  11, 
1916.  bot  by  Mouw's  Chief  179665,  by  Chief  Price  158937;  dam,  Braddy 
D,  520256,  by  Big  Defender  182887. 

One  of  the  greatest  progenitors  of  his  time.  Chief  Defender  may  be 
classed.  He  was  the  sire  of  the  $2,250  Chief  Defender's  Choice  that 
was  the  record  untried  pig  of  his  day,  selling  to  R.  A.  Welch  of  Okla- 
homa. A  litter  mate  to  the  Welch  boar  was  Big  Improver,  purchased 
by  R.  W.  Halford  of  Iowa  for  $1,350.  This  boar  was  grand  champion 
Iowa  State  fair  in  1918,  and  a  litter  sister.  Liberty,  was  grand  champion 
female  of  Illinois,  the  same  year.  Many  other  animals  of  note  were 
the  oti'erings  of  this  great  boar. 

Mabel's  Jumbo  244031,  farrowed  April  27,  1915.  Bred  by  E.  S.  Bab- 
cock,  Manning,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  A.  A.  Chantland,  Badger,  Iowa; 
resold  to  F.  H.  Hassler  and  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning,  Iowa,  November 
25,  1918.  Got  by  Long  Jumbo  211307,  by  Jumbo's  Prospect  173435;  dam, 
Mabel  Tecumseh  561682,  by  Mabel's  Wonder  168019. 

Mabel's  Jumbo  was  one  of  the  largest  boars  ever  produced.  In  the 
herd  of  A.  A.  Chantland,  he  became  famous  as  a  sire  of  extraordinary 
large  females,  and  his  service  was  at  a  time  when  a  great  deal  was  said 
about  extreme  size  in  sows,  and  a  big  demand  for  them.  He  was  sold 
to  Hassler  &  Halford,  who  used  him  a  short  time,  and  sold  him  in  their 
combination  sale,  August,  1919,  selling  for  $18,000,  to  Henry  Hay  of 
Illinois,  after  twenty-three  sows  had  agreed  to  be  delivered  for  service 
to  the  boar,  at  $500  each.  The  sellers  agreeing  to  deliver  ten.  The  sale 
was  not  satisfactory,  as  many  of  the  breeders  over  the  country,  resented 
the  otherwise  than  straight  sales  on  the  hog's  merits.  However,  the 
first  sale  of  bred  sows  in  the  Hay  herd,  was  entirelj^  satisfactory.  Mabel's 
Jumbo  was  shown  at  the  National  Swine  show  in  1918,  and  while  he  did 
not  win  first,  he  won  many  warm  admirers. 

Big  Bone  Leader  244237,  farrowed  April  6,  1915.  Bred  by  J.  L.  Gut- 
shall,  Sheffield,  111.;  sold  in  dam  to  G.  E.  Petty,  Versailles,  Mo.  Got  by 
Chief  Leader  228209,  by  Giant  Leader  2d  201567;  dam.  Model  Big  Bone 
1st  546098,  by  Smooth  Big  Bone  196427. 

Big  Bone  Leader  came  into  his  greatest  popularity  in  1918,  when  he 
won  the  grand  championship  honors  at  the  Missouri  State  fair,  and  was 
turned  down  to  second  place  at  the  National  Swine  show.  Many  of 
the  breeders  attending  this  show  had  selected  him  as  the  winner  of  his 
class,  and  quite  a  protest  was  made  by  them.  At  the  next  two  sales,  a 
boar  and  bred  sow  sales,  many  of  his  get  were  sold  over  the  entire 
country.  As  a  breeding  boar  he  was  not  a  producei-  of  extreme  type 
stuft",  and  for  that  reason,  the  majority  of  breeders  detnanding  extreme- 
ness, the  next  season  found  his  popularity  waning.  He  died  June  11, 
1920. 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  59 

Buster  Over  275555  A,  91806  S,  farrowed  May  26, 1915.  Bred  by  J.  W. 
Williams  &  Sons,  Thornton,  Ind.;  sold  to  C.  D.  Wellington,  Clymer,  Ind., 
November  3,  1915;  resold  to  Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  July  2, 
1917;  resold  to  Wilver  Dell  Farm,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  September,  1917;  sold 
to  Willis  &  Blough,  Emporia,  Kans.,  May  25,  1918.  Got  by  Giant  Buster 
240677,  by  Disher's  Giant  240655;  dam.  Miss  Longfellow  605484,  by 
Longfellow's  Equal  235957. 

Buster  Over  first  came  into  note  in  1917,  when  he  won  the  grand 
championship  at  the  Indiana  State  fair.  Mr.  Moore  of  the  Wilver  Dell 
Farm  was  present  at  the  show  and  gave  $2,000  for  Buster  Over  and 
Indiana  Giantess  561854,  the  grand  champion  female  of  the  same  show. 
This  created  a  great  deal  of  enthusiasm  among  breeders  of  the  east,  as 
the  animals  were  worth  the  advance  price  paid.  Buster  Over  was  later 
sold  to  Willis  &  Blough  of  Kansas  for  $3,000.  He  was  a  wonderful  sire, 
transmitting  great  substance  to  his  offspring;  even  to  this  day,  his  get 
are  winners  at  many  of  the  big  shows.  In  ordinary  flesh  he  weighed 
1,000  pounds  or  more. 

Long  Joe  265521,  farrowed  August  20,  1915.  Bred  by  I.  M.  Kyhl,  Sa- 
bula,  Iowa,  sold  to  H.  L.  Pritchett,  New  London,  Mo.,  March  8,  1917.  Got 
by  King  Joe  219669,  by  Big  Joe  200767;  dam.  Wonder  Maid  579450,  by 
Black  Chief  154249. 

No  boar  in  recent  years  has  lent  more  to  type  with  uniformity  than 
did  Long  Joe.  He  was  a  wonderfully  neat  trimmed  boar,  stylish  to  the 
last  degree,  and  was  a  breeding  boar  of  unusual  merit.  His  get  were 
sought  for  two  years  after  his  death,  which  came  early  in  1919.  His 
sire.  King  Joe,  was  not  the  King  Joe  of  Missouri,  as  he  was  by  King  of 
Wonders,  and  not  Big  Joe. 

Big  Bob  2d  101125  N,  farrowed  March  5,  1916.  Bred  by  Fred  Seivers, 
Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  W.  C.  Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio;  sold  to  F.  W. 
Schumm,  Rockford,  Ohio,  November  3,  1916;  sold  to  G.  M.  Stadelman 
Farms,  Hartville,  Ohio,  June  1,  1920.  Got  by  Big  Bob  212613,  by  Chief 
Price  2d  142681 ;  dam.  Smooth  Maid  565946,  by  Smooth  Big  Bone  218543. 

Big  Bob  2d,  another  great  son  of  a  great  breeding  boar,  established 
himself  in  the  annals  of  breed  improvement,  as  a  sire  of  outstanding 
females.  His  get  were  the  foundation  of  many  of  the  leading  young 
herds  of  1919  and  1920.  In  the  herd  of  W.  C.  Disher  he  did  not  begin 
to  show  his  real  worth;  F.  W.  Schumm  developed  the  boar  and  mated 
him  to  several  choice  sows,  and  disseminated  the  descendants. 

F's  Big  Jones  320555  A,  farrowed  February  20,  1916.  Bred  by  Gerst- 
dale,  Alton,  Iowa;  sold  to  M.  P.  Hancher,  Rolfe,  Iowa,  September  2, 
1916;  sold  to  Henry  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  February  27,  1917. 
Got  by  Gerstdale  Jones  244187,  by  Big  Jones  Again  198153;  dam,  Gerst- 
dale  Queen  544980,  by  Gerstdale  Price  210631. 

F's  Big  Jones  and  a  litter  mate  purchased  by  M.  P.  Hancher.  Sol. 
Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  purchased  Big  Jones  on  August  23,  1916,  and  it 
was  at  the  Leonaiai  sale  that  Fesenmeyer  and  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham, 
Kans.,  decided  th^  would  like  a  boar  by  Gerstdale  Jones,  if  they  could 
get  one  as  good  As  Big  Jones.  Through  some  misunderstanding  both 
men  got  a  price  on  the  better  boar  of  the  two,  left  in  the  herd  of  Han- 
cher.    After  much  argument,  Fesenmeyer  got  Hancher's  Big  Orange, 


GO  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

and  later  changed  his  name  to  F's  Big  Jones.  The  boar  purchased  by 
Walter  did  not  live  long.  F"s  Big  Jones  was  prominent  more  because  of 
Fesenmeyer's  reputation,  until  the  fall  of  1919,  when  the  boar  won  grand 
championship  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  and  several  of  his  get  winning  in 
the  same  show.  This  started  considerable  demand  for  F's  Big  Jones' 
get,  and  a  few  months  later,  the  great  litter  known  as  Preston's  Giantess' 
litter,  comprising  Grant's  Great  Giant,  G's  Big  Jones  (later  known  as 
Peter,  the  Great);  Columbian  Giant,  K's  Big  Jones,  and  D's  Big  Jones, 
were  discovered.  From  this  time  forward,  the  get  of  F's  Big  Jones  was 
in  great  demand.  Like  his  litter  brother.  Big  Jones,  he  was  an  out- 
standing breeding  boar.  The  junior  champion  boar  at  the  1919  Iowa 
State  show,  Bernice  Jones,  afterwards  known  as  Checktaker,  became 
very  famous  as  a  breeding  boar.  Sons  of  Big  Jones  276531  were  also 
good  producers,  but  he  was  more  favorably  known  as  a  sire  of  sows. 

Giant  Timm  264265,  farrowed  MarcTi  11,  1916.  Bred  by  Wm.  Fer- 
guson, Scribner,  Nebr. ;  sold  in  dam  to  H.  A.  Overton  &  Sons,  Knoxville. 
Iowa;  sold  to  S.  M.  Sommers,  Hooppole,  111.,  September  21,  1916,  sold  to 
Heart  of  America  Farm,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Februarj',  1920.  Got  by  Big 
Timm  190903,  by  The  Big  Orphan  171013;  dam.  Giant's  Princess  530492, 
by  Nebraska  Giant  199749. 

As  a  breeding  boar.  Giant  Timm  was  considered  one  of  the  very  best 
boars  east  of  the  Mississippi  river.  In  1918,  he  was  shown  at  the  Na- 
tional Swine  show  and  won  third  in  the  largest  class  of  aged  boars  ever 
shown.  His  sons  and  daughters  were  in  the  leading  herds  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi valley.  Tolono  Timm,  the  winner  of  many  royal  ribbons  in 
the  big  shows  of  the  corn  belt,  was  without  a  question  his  greatest  pro- 
duction. 

The  Clansman  306669  A,  103393,  farrowed  March  20,  1916.  Bred  by 
J.  J.  Kramer,  Sheldon,  Iowa:  sold  to  Harry  Uittenbogaard,  Sheldon, 
Iowa,  February  20,  1917;  resold  to  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa,  August 
18,  1917;  resold  to  Silverbrook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  September  14,  1917; 
sold  to  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  Lake  Geneva,  Wis.,  August  5,  1919.  Got  by 
Grand  Big  Orphan  2519923,  by  Grand  Master  183879;  dam,  Kramer's 
Kind  592374,  by  Right  Kind  197975. 

Perhaps  no  boar  became  so  popular  in  so  short  a  time  as  did  this 
great  boar.  The  Clansman.  When  sold  by  Hassler  to  the  Silver  Brook 
Farm,  no  special  significance  was  attached  to  the  sale,  other  than  the 
price,  which  was  |1,500.  He  had  not  at  that  time  produced  anything  to 
make  him  great,  but,  when  L.  H.  Glover  purchased  Liberator,  a  6- 
months-old  pig  by  The  Clansman,  for  .f3,000  cash,  a  great  move  was 
made  toward  the  popularity  of  The  Clansman.  Boars  by  The  Clans- 
man could  not  be  raised  fast  enough,  and  many  of  the  sons  sold  at  long 
prices.  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr..  had  been  trying  to  secure  the  most  popular 
boar  of  the  breed,  and  tinally  purchased  The  Clansman,  paying  .$15,000. 
The  boar  quickly  made  this  back  for  Wrigley,  Jr.,  in  the  following  two 
sales.  Pcrhai)s  no  boar  ever  iuul  more  sons  at  the  head  of  prominent 
herds,  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  country,  than  did  The 
Clansman.  His  get  were  of  the  great,  stretchy,  high-off-of-the-ground 
variety,  and  were  known  for  their  nervousness.  Among  the  top  selling 
litters  of  the  breed  were  i)v  The  Clansman. 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1915   AM)   1920  Gl 

RuMHLE's  Wonder  260899,  farrowed  March  3,  1916.  Bred  by  W.  J. 
Webster,  Cresco,  Iowa;  sold  to  D.  A.  Rumple,  Geneva,  Ind.,  September 
28,  1916.  Got  by  Wonder  All  227799,  by  Wonder's  King  216403;  dam, 
Fesenmeyer's  Lady  528724,  by  A  Wonder  107353. 

Among  the  leading  breeding  boars  of  the  east  was  Rmiiple's  Wonder. 
For  the  most  part  it  can  be  said  he  was  an  out-cross  of  the  more  or  less 
popular  strains  of  his  day,  and  his  get  mated  extremely  well  with  either. 
Like  his  grandsire  on  the  dam  side,  old  A  Wonder,  Rumple's  Wonder 
bred  a  massive  hog  with  quality,  short  legs  and  considerable  width  of 
body. 

Wisconsin  Orange  282865,  farrowed  August  19,  1916.  Bred  by  M.  A. 
Dowling,  Reasnor,  Iowa;  sold  to  J.  C.  Hendricks,  Hazel  Green,  Wis., 
January  1,  1917.  Got  by  Orange  Boy  230167,  by  Kool's  Orange  209749; 
dam.  Big  Wonder  597592,  by  Big  Victor  130559. 

Wisconsin  Orange  proved  to  be  a  great  breeding  boar,  siring  several 
outstanding  breeding  boars,  as  well  as  great  brood  sows.  Model  Orange, 
purchased  by  Monroe  McCoy  &  Son  at  a  long  price  and  later  sold  to 
R.  A.  Welch  of  Oklahoma  for  5^7,500,  was  one  of  his  great  sons. 

Big  Bone  Model  331643,  farrowed  January  15,  1917.  Bred  by  Jones  & 
Pike,  Centerville,  Ind.;  sold  to  B.  F.  Reynolds,  Ft.  Jennings,  Ohio, 
October  17,  1917.  Got  by  Fair  Big  Bone  244531,  by  Wonder's  Big  Bone 
189003;  dam.  Model  Maid's  Best  590466,  by  Giant  Defender  210937. 

Big  Bone  Model  was  the  sire  of  several  outstanding  breeding  boars. 
Through  his  get  was  his  fame,  yet  very  little  comment  was  made  re- 
garding the  boar  himself.  Emancipator.  Conqueror,  Gladiator,  the  $5,000 
Amstutz  Big  Bone,  the  $3,000  Dishers  Climax,  Model  Buster,  a  litter 
mate  of  Emancipator,  and  several  other  great  boars,  were  his  sons,  and 
did  much  to  improve  the  breed.  Emancipator,  in  the  herd  of  Frank  D. 
Winn,  Randolph,  Mo.,  and  H.  H.  Moore,  Gardner,  Kans.,  was  perhaps 
the  greatest  son. 

Smooth  Prospect  304389  A,  86404  S,  farrowed  February  8,  1917.  Bred 
by  O.  E.  Wade,  Rising  City,  Nebr.;  sold  to  M.  A.  Dowling,  Reasnor,  Iowa, 
October  10,  1917.  Got  by  Long  Prospect  295031,  by  Giant  Prospect 
245091 ;  dam.  Black  Bess  697028,  by  Wade's  Jumbo  151265. 

As  a  sire  of  great  uniformity  and  breed  type.  Smooth  Prospect  was 
a  premier  breeder.  His  get  won  repeatedly  at  the  leading  shows  of  the 
cornbelt.  While  he  mated  well  with  most  all  families,  yet  the  Orange 
Boy  sows  produced  the  greatest  offspring.  King  Kole,  the  very  popular 
Missouri,  1920,  grand  champion,  was  his  son,  and  several  other  very 
prominent  boars  throughout  the  cornbelt. 

ToLONO  TiMM  291291,  farrowed  March  21,  1917.  Bred  by  S.  M.  Som- 
mers,  Hooppole,  111.;  sold  in  dam  to  E.  E.  Brady,  Tampico,  111.;  sold  to 
S.  M.  Sommers,  August  20,  1917;  resold  to  J.  E.  Meharry.  Tolono,  111., 
October  25,  1917.  Got  by  Giant  Timm  264625,  by  Big  Timm  190903; 
dam.  Lady  Wonder  654058,  by  Pride  of  Wonder's  228189. 

Tolono  Timm  was  an  out-of-the-ordinary  boar,  as  a  pig.  He  was  a 
model  of  perfection,  having  ample  size  and  a  great  uniformity.  As  a 
show  boar  he  was  a  beauty  of  perfection,  and  as  a  breeder  he  attracted 
breeders  from  many  states.  Demonstrator,  a  son,  as  a  7-months-old  pig 
sold  for  $2,000,  and  many  others  in  like  proportion. 


62  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Belmont  Buster  289021,  farrowed  February  16,  1917.  Bred  by  J.  E. 
Tucker,  Lebanon,  Ind.;  sold  in  dam  to  Ed  W.  Cook,  Trenton,  Mo.;  resold 
to  Conrad  Eckhardt  &  Son,  Dallas  City,  111.,  October  16,  1917.  Got  by 
Giant  Buster  240657,  by  Disher's  Giant  240655;  dam.  Blue  Valley  Belle 
660358,  by  Big  Valley  Columbus  288015.  ' 

In  the  great  litter  sold  by  E.  W.  Cook,  sired  by  Giant  Buster,  Belmont 
Buster  was  one  of  the  premier  pigs  of  the  sale.  As  a  breeding  boar,  he 
has  demonstrated  rare  ability.  Some  of  his  great  sons  are:  Advancer 
in  the  herd  of  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.;  Great  Big  Buster  325311,  in  the  herd  ol 
Oscar  B.  Hensel;  Buster,  a  litter  mate  of  Great  Big  Buster,  in  the  herd 
of  J.  F.  Hook.  Belmont  Buster  bred  uniformity,  with  immense  size, 
and  good  feet  and  legs.    He  won  at  the  Illinois  State  fair,  1919. 

Harrison's  Big  Bob  83302  S,  291411  A,  farrowed  February  27,  1916. 
Bred  by  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  L.  Harrison,  Taylor  Mo.. 
September  26,  1916;  sold  to  C.  C.  Potter,  Pattonsburg,  Mo.,  fall  of  1919. 
Got  by  Big  Bob  212613,  by  Chief  Price  2d  142861 ;  dam.  Miss  Big  Wonder 
515668,  by  Big  Wonder  160349. 

Harrison's  Big  Bob  showed  as  a  three-year-old  at  the  Missouri  State 
fair,  winning  second  in  class.  He  was  a  very  tall  boar,  best  of  feet  and 
legs,  and  a  high  arch  back.  His  get  were  very  much  like  him.  He  sold 
in  the  L.  Harrison  dispersion  sale  for  $10,100,  and  sows  bred  to  him 
in  the  Potter  sale,  made  a  very  creditable  average.  The  blood  of  Har- 
rison's Big  Bob  was  very  popular  all  through  Missouri  for  a  number  of 
j^ears.    The  boar  died  during  the  summer  of  1920. 

CoL.  Jack  288991,  farrowed  March  3,  1916.  Bred  by  Bloemendaal 
Bros.,  Orange  City,  Iowa;  sold  to  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1917;  resold  to  Paul  Wagner,  September,  1918.  Got  by  Surprise 
Prospect  244191,  by  Great  Wonder  310301;  dam.  Long  Lady  2d  578278, 
by  Alton's  Wonder  223187. 

The  sire  of  Col.  Jack,  Surprise  Prospect,  was  formerly  known  as 
Long  Wonder.  The  name  of  Col.  Jack  was  previously  known  as  Bloem- 
cndaal's  Long  Prospect.  After  Fred  Seivers  had  purchased  Col.  Jack, 
he  set  about  to  make  him  the  grand  champion  of  the  Iowa  State  fair. 
The  boar  was  the  talk  of  the  country  and  a  great  crowd  assembled  at 
the  state  fair  to  see  this  show.  The  boar  won  first  in  his  class,  but.  was 
turned  down  for  grand  championship,  the  ribbon  going  to  Halford  on 
Big  Improver.  Col.  Jack  had  previously  been  advertised  in  the  Seiver's 
boar  sale,  and  a  large  crowd  of  breeders  attended  the  sale  to  purchase 
sons  of  this  great  boar  as  well  as  to  see  the  sale,  as  it  was  rumored  there 
would  be  a  world  record  made  on  price.  The  bidding  was  keen  up  to 
$6,000,  and  it  then  settled  down  to  a  long  drawn  out  contest,  finally 
going  to  Paul  Wagner,  of  Pierce,  Nebr.,  at  $10,200.  Monroe  McCoy  & 
Son,  Hepburn,  Iowa,  and  Chas.  Pfander,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  were  the  con- 
tending bidders.  Col.  Jack,  therefore,  became  the  first  $10,000  boar. 
As  a  breeding  boar,  he  was  not  the  equal  of  inany  other  boars  of  his  day. 

Wonder  Buster  293975  A;  99715  N,  farrowed  February  12,  1916.  Bred 
by  W.  C.  Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio;  sold  to  L.  J.  Long,  Peru,  Ind., 
August  1(5,  1916;  resold  to  W.  B.  Wallace,  Bunceton,  Mo.,  October  21. 
1917;  sold  to  Carter  &  Van  Deventer,  Mexico,  Mo.,  March  25,  1918;  sold 
to  W.  L.  Clay,  Bunceton,  Mo.,  January  7,  1919;  sold  to  Head  &  Gray,  Pal- 


PROMINENT  BOARS  BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  63 

myra.  Mo.,  November  1919.  Got  by  Dishcr's  Giant  240655,  by  Big  Ben 
208905;  dam.  Big  Lil  555924,  by  Big  Wonder  178565. 

Wonder  Buster  was  a  litter  brother  to  Giant  Buster  of  Indiana  and 
Big  Liberty  Loan.  He  was  a  full  brother  to  Giant  Buster,  and  a  half 
brother  to  many  more  very  important  boars  of  the  breed.  In  the  herd  of 
Wallace,  he  became  widely  known  as  an  outstanding  breeding  boar. 
His  popularity  attracted  Carter  &  Van  Deventer,  the  firm  that  had 
previously  purchased  Gerstdale  Jones.  In  the  Wallace  dispersion  sale 
in  March,  1918,  Carter  &  Van  Deventer  purchased  the  boar  for  $5300. 
They  later,  due  to  financial  trouble,  sold  the  boar  to  W.  L.  Clay  for 
$3000.  In  the  dispersion  of  the  Clay  herd  in  November  1919,  Head  & 
Gray  purchased  the  boar  for  $10,200.  The  competition  being  made  by 
L.  J.  Long,  a  previous  owner,  and  W.  L.  Gamble,  both  of  Indiana.  The 
boar  has  been  a  breed  builder,  a  noble  sire,  and  money  maker  for  his 
owners.    Died  June  1921. 

Long  Orange  255519,  farrowed  February  5,  1916.  Bred  by  M.  A. 
Dowling,  Reasnor,  Iowa,  sold  to  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa,  Septem- 
ber 1,  1916;  sold  to  Lewis  Bros.,  Childress,  Texas,  October  3,  1916;  sold 
to  Lon  Alexander,  Childress,  Texas,  November  4,  1919.  Got  by  Orange 
Boy  230167,  by  Kool's  Orange  209749;  dam.  Sensation  Maud  410986,  by 
Big  Sensation  136387. 

Long  Orange  was  the  first  prize  pig  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  and  the 
National  Swine  show  in  1916.  Lewis  Bros,  of  Texas  attended  the  show 
and  paid  $300  for  the  pig,  which  was  a  long  price  for  that  time.  In  the 
Lewis  herd  this  boar  became  one  of  the  breed's  greatest  sires,  and,  later 
in  the  herd  of  Lon  Alexander,  the  boar  continued  his  prepotency.  His 
greatest  son  was  The  Ranger,  retained  in  the  herd  6?  Lewis  Bros.  Sows 
bred  to  this  boar  averaged  $1006.25.    The  top  selling  for  $3300. 

Big  Bone  Bob  266773,  farrowed  April  16,  1916.  Bred  by  Fred  Seivers, 
Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  E.  W.  Nelson,  Hannibal,  Mo.;  sold  to 
Ehner  E.  Gardhouse,  April  22,  1917.  Got  by  Big  Bob  212613,  by  Chief 
Price  2d  142861;  dam.  Lady  Jumbo  583774,  by  Long  Jumbo  211307. 

Big  Bone  Bob  became  one  of  the  leading  breeding  boars  of  Missouri 
and  Southern  Illinois,  while  in  the  hands  of  Elmer  E.  Gardhouse.  He 
was  particularly  a  sire  of  sows,  but  occasionally  a  choice  breeding  boar 
by  him  was  developed.  A  number  of  his  sows  are  to  be  found  in  many 
of  the  prominent  herds  of  the  central  west  and  south. 

DisHERS  Giant  Again  283865,  farrowed  March  1,  1916.  Bred  by  Wm. 
Post,  St.  Henry,  Ohio;  sold  to  W.  C.  Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio,  October 
31,  1916;  resold  to  E.  W.  Nelson,  Hannibal,  Mo..  August  12,  1917.  Got  by 
Disher's  Giant  240655,  by  Big  Ben  208905;  dam.  Mastodon  Lunker  647066. 
by  World's  Wonder  233209. 

Disher's  Giant  Again  was  one  of  the  great  progenitors  of  his  time. 
He  was  a  sire  of  extra  length  and  good  feet  and  legs.  One  objectionable 
feature  of  his  get  were  the  coarseness  of  hair,  inchning  to  be  a  little 
curly.  But  he  gave  them  lots  of  vitaHty  and  big  frames  that  made  large 
hogs.    His  greatest  fame  came  in  1919  and  1920. 

Big  Fashion  285609  A,  82663  S,  farrowed  February  27,  1916.  Bred 
by  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa, 
September  26,  1916;  sold  to  Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.     Got  by 


G4  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

Big  Bui)  212613,  I)y  Cliief  Price  2d  142801 :  dam.  Miss  Big  Wonder  515668, 
by  Big  Wonder  160349. 

Big  F"ashion,  in  the  lierds  of  F.  H.  Hasslcr  and  Silver  Brook  Farm, 
became  an  outstanding  sire  of  females.  His  get  were  of  the  extreme  size 
with  a  great  amount  of  rich  quality,  fine  hair  and  very  choice  brood 
sows.  The  top  twenty-one  sows  of  the  L.  H.  Glover  record  sale  were 
daughters  and  granddaughters  of  this  great  boar.  He  was  a  litter 
brother  to  Harrisons'  Big  Bob. 

Masterpiece  257345  A,  70100  S,  farrowed  February  26,  1915.  Bred  by 
C.  E.  Lyden,  Manning,  Iowa;  sold  to  F.  H.  Plassler,  Manning,  Iowa,  June 
1,  1915;  sold  to  L.  H.  Glover,  July  1,  1918;  sold  to  Sam  C.  Campbell,  Oak 
Grove,  Mo.,  April  1919.  Got  by  Grand  Master  183879,  by  Giant  Standard 
62191;  dam,  Escher's  Standard  436424,  by  Chief  Price  2d  48865. 

Masterpiece  did  not  come  into  favorable  note  until  after  the  sale  of 
the  boar  to  L.  H.  Glover.  The  boar  was  included  with  twenty-four  sows, 
listing  Liberator  at  $3000,  and  the  balance  of  the  twenty-five  at  $3000; 
among  these  sows  were  several  daughters  of  Masterpiece,  and  these  were 
among  the  top  sellers  in  the  Glover  sale,  the  fall  of  1918.  Not  being  able 
to  use  two  boars  so  closely  akin  in  his  herd,  Mr.  Glover  sold  Masterpiece 
to  S.  C.  Campbell,  Oak  Grove,  Mo.  In  this  herd  a  larger  distribution  of 
his  get  were  made  than  in  any  of  the  previous  herds.  Masterpiece,  for 
no  other  reason  could  be  called  famous,  as  the  sire  of  Fashion  Girl,  the 
dam  of  Liberator,  Designer  and  a  host  of  other  noted  sons  and  daughters. 
He  was  a  remarkable  boar,  standing  42  inches  tall  and  very  long,  with 
good  feet  and  legs. 

Long  Chief  Again  282457,  farrowed  May  2,  1916.  Bred  by  W.  F. 
Kerlin,  Rockfield,  Ind.;  sold  in  dam  to  E.  E.  Flora,  Rockfield,  Ind.  Got 
by  Long  Chief  250147,  by  Chief  Price  Wonder  250145;  dam.  Miss  Pros- 
pect 645048,  by  Prospect  Tecumseh  280829. 

The  grand  champion  of  Indiana,  1918,  and  wfthout  a  doubt  the 
greatest  son  of  the  grand  champion.  Long  Chief.  He  was  a  producer 
of  the  big.  smooth  kind  that  met  with  popular  favor  in  the  show  ring 
and  breeding  pens  of  the  east.  Several  of  his  get  came  west  and  were 
among  the  good  things  retained  in  several  of  the  prominent  herds. 

LiiJERTY  Bond  309309  A,  103339  N,  farrowed  March  7,  1917.  Bred  by 
C.  H.  Porter.  Eagle  Grove,  Iowa;  sold  to  E.  W.  Avery  &  Son,  Michigan 
Town,  Ind.,  August  14,  1917;  resold  to  Harry  H.  Moore,  Gardner,  Kan., 
January  29,  1918;  resold  to  Moore  Farms,  Gardner,  Kan.,  March  20,  1918; 
resold  to  Glover  &  Moore,  Grandviow.  Mo.,  and  Gardner,  Kan.,  October 
10,  1918.  Got  by  Big  Price  228247.  by  Long  Price  228245;  dam.  Black 
Beauty  3rd  514232,  by  Good  Kind  197799. 

Liberty  Bond  was  selected  as  a  pig  by  Harry  H.  Moore  as  a  breeding 
and  show  proposition.  The  boar  made  great  strides  toward  prep- 
aration for  the  show,  but  was  injured  in  a  boar  fight  and  did  not  get  into 
the  shows.  His  get  were  winners  at  the  Missouri  State  fair,  1919,  and 
the  National  Swine  show,  winning  practically  e\  cry  thing  possible  in  the 
open  shows  and  futurities.  Gilts  by  him  selling  in  the  L.  H.  Glover  sale, 
sold  at  record  prices  and  sows  by  him  selling  bred  to  Liberator,  sold 
at  top  prices  of  the  breed.     Later  the  boar  was  more  or  less  discarded 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  Co 

for  newer  blood,  and  he  was  offered  in  a  combination  sale  at  the  1920 
National  Swine  show,  but  no  one  would  make  a  bid  upon  him. 

Model  Mastodon  281885,  farrowed  March  2,  1917.  Bred  by  Anderson 
Bros.,  West  Liberty,  Iowa;  sold  to  Oscar  B.  Hensel,  Edelstein,  111.,  March 
2,  1917;  sold  to  Hensel  &  Adams,  Edelstein  and  Castleton,  111.,  September 
26,  1917.  Got  by  A's  Mastodon  235907,  by  Mastodon  Wonder  195691: 
dam.  Smooth  Model  637384,  by  Smooth  Bob  245277. 

Model  Mastodon  was  conceded  to  be  as  near  a  perfect  type  of 
Poland  China  as  was  ever  produced.  At  one  year  old  he  weighed 
630  pounds,  and  the  same  year,  on  the  show  circuit,  he  weighed  900 
pounds.  He  was  made  grand  champion  of  the  Illinois,  1918,  State  fair. 
His  sire,  A's  Mastodon,  was  grand  champion  of  the  Iowa  State  fair  in 
1917.  Model  Mastodon  stood  second  at  the  Iowa  State  fair  in  1917  in 
one  of  the  largest  classes  ever  shown.  He  soldTn  the  March  bred  sow 
sale  of  Anderson  Bros,  to  Hensel  for  $1075.  As  a  breeder  he  was  not  the 
greatest  or  the  poorest  but  a  sire  of  a  very  uniform  type. 

The  Yankee  298157,  farrowed  February  20,  1917.  Bred  by  L.  R.  Mc- 
Clarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa;  sold  to  Williams  Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa,  Oc- 
tober 8,  1917;  sold  to  W.  H.  Ellsworth  &  Son,  Goldfield,  Iowa.  Got  by 
Mc's  Big  Orange  293865,  by  Big  Orange  145509;  dam.  Orange  Lady  2d 
662580,  by  Hercules  232407. 

The  Yankee  was  the  best  pig  of  1917  on  the  McClarnon  farm,  and  sold 
that  fall  to  Williams  Bros.  In  their  herd,  he  attracted  a  great  deal  of 
attention,  as  being  an  unusually  large  boar.  The  Williams  Bros,  were 
very  liberal  buyers  of  advertising  space  and  gave  the  boar  as  thorough 
an  advertising  campaign  as  could  be  bought.  The  spring  of  1920,  the 
boar  was  sold  to  Ellsworth  &  Sons  for  $40,000.  Prior  to  this  sale,  Will- 
iams Bros,  had  refused  several  very  liberal  offers,  and  thought  they  were 
fixing  a  price  that  would  not  be  paid  by  anyone.  The  Yankee  lived  long 
enough  for  the  buyers  to  get  possibly  100  sows  bred  to  him,  part  of  which 
sold  in  a  sale,  resulting  in  practically  enough  money  to  liquidate  the  cost 
of  the  boar.  The  Yankee  can  be  rated  as  a  great  breeding  boar,  mating 
well  with  most  any  blood  line.  He  was  a  litter  brother  to  the  grand 
champion.  The  Pilot,  National  Swine  show,  1919. 

Cook's  Liberty  Bond  328701,  farrowed  June  28,  1917.  Bred  by  J.  A. 
Shelton,  Manila,  Ind.;  sold  in  dam  to  C.  O.  Garriott,  Knightstown,  Ind.: 
resold  to  Ed  W.  Cook,  Trenton,  Mo.,  November  10,  1917;  sold  to  Arch 
T.  Anderson,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  October  18,  1920.  Got  by  Long  Wonder  2d 
288537,  by  Long  Wonder  169495;  dam.  Big  Lady  2d  749442,  by  Giant 
Buster  240657. 

Among  the  leading  boars  during  1919,  and  1920,  and  1921,  Cook's 
Liberty  Bond  may  be  ranked  along  at  the  top.  He  was  selected  as  a  pig 
by  Ed  W.  Cook,  and  developed  in  his  herd.  He  cost  Mr.  Cook,  as  a  pig 
$37.50.  and  was  sold  October  18,  1920,  to  Arch  T.  Anderson,  St.  Joseph, 
Mo.,  for  $3500.  On  botli  sides  of  his  pedigree,  ho  traces  to  unusually 
outstanding  breeding  boars,  Long  Wonder  and  Giant  Buster.  Long 
Wonder  was  a  great  breed  builder  in  Nebraska,  and  Giant  Buster  was 
known  as  the  "Epocli  Maker"  of  the  east.  Cook's  Liberty  Bond  bred  a 
distinct  type,  one  that  met  the  approval  of  the  leading  hog  breeders. 

C  2  Ranger  86732  S,  381951  A,  farrowed  June  3,  1917.    Bred  by  C.  L. 


66  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWiNE 

Eskew,  Sidney,  Iowa,  sold  to  C.  F.  Cadwell,  Colonic,  S.  D.,  October  20, 
1917;  resold  to  Henry  Fcsenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  summer,  1920.  Got 
by  Eskew's  Monster  Fessy  85421,  by  Fesenmeyer's  A  Wonder  68397;  dam, 
Sally  Wonder  181554,  by  King  Joe  70282. 

When  big  boars  were  quite  the  demand,  and  after  the  sale  of  F's 
Big  Jones,  the  sire  of  the  then  largest  known  boars  of  the  breed,  Henry 
Fesenmeyer  hears  of  a  boar  that  he  was  partly  responsible  for,  as  far  as 
the  breeding  is  concerned,  and  this  boar  was  absolutely  the  largest  boar 
ever  produced.  The  result  was  that  he  bought  the  boar,  C  2  Ranger, 
and  the  world  began  to  show  their  approval.  This  boar  stood  46  inches 
high,  92  inches  long  between  the  eyes,  to  root  of  tail,  and  stood  on  a 
121/2  inch  bone.  The  boar  was  big  all  over,  and  just  a  little  larger  than 
any  of  the  previous  given  measurements.  As  a  breeding  boar,  nothing 
can  be  said,  so  far  as  is  qualified  by  the  breeders,  as  the  boar,  at  the 
time  of  this  publication  has  not  been  used  long  enough  to  so  warrant. 

Expansion  King  309389,  farrowed  September  24,  1917.  Bred  by  Gay 
Buckley,  Galesburg,  111.;  sold  to  V.  E.  Robinson,  Morton,  111.,  March  10, 
1918;  resold  to  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  August  22,  1918;  sold  one- 
half  interest  back  to  V.  E.  Robinson,  November  20,  1918.  Got  by  Long 
King  262527,  by  Giant  of  Wonder's  262525;  dam.  Expansion  Lady  544726, 
by  Big  Expansion. 

Expansion  King  was  an  outstanding  boar  as  a  pig.  He  was  consider- 
ably larger  than  anything  in  his  class  at  the  Illinois  State  fair,  and  the 
National  Swine  show.  He  won  second  in  class  at  both  of  these  shows  in 
1918.  At  the  National  Swine  show  some  discussion  arose  from  the 
breeders  of  another  breed  that  they  had  larger  under  year  pigs  than  the 
Poland  Chinas.  There  was  some  exchange  of  words,  and  an  offer  to 
wager  some  money,  but  nothing  was  agreed  upon,  whereas  the  Poland 
China  men  drove  out  Expansion  King  to  compare  with  the  aged  boars 
of  the  contemporaries. 

Sheldon  Wonder  339611,  farrowed  Sept'ember"  12,  1917.  Bred  by 
Lasby  &  Rose,  Mankato,  Minn.;  sold  to  E.  S.  Barker,  Wilmar,  Minn.,  May 
20,  1918;  resold  to  H.  Uittenbogaard,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  November  8,  1918. 
Got  by  Mankato  Wonder  245891,  by  Big  Orange  145509;  dam,  Sioux's 
Choice  607414,  by  G.  B.  Giant  230337. 

Sheldon  Wonder  was  formerly  known  as  Over  the  Top  and,  when 
sold  to  Uittenbogaard,  the  name  was  changed  to  Sheldon  Wonder.  He 
was  the  best  son  of  Mankato  Wonder,  afterwards  known  as  Korver's 
Orange  Wonder.  The  entire  family  was  one  of  great  substance  and 
vitality.  Sheldon  Wonder  was  rated  as  a  $10,000  boar,  and  there  is  no 
doubt  he  was  worth  this  money,  along  with  others  that  were  sold  for 
the  same  money. 

Fox's  A  Wonder  306137,  farrowed  September  27,  1917.  Bred  by  John 
Miller,  Rock  Valley,  Iowa;  sold  to  Ray  J.  Fox,  Lyons,  Ore.,  April  9,  1918. 
Got  by  Miller's  A  Wonder  213603,  by  Equal  Chief  185485;  dam.  Big  Queen 
480988,  by  Miller's  Chief  Price  121195. 

One  of  the  leading  show  boars  of  the  Pacific  coast  was  Fox's  A  Won- 
der. In  1919,  he  stood  first  in  the  senior  yearling  class  at  Oregon  State, 
Western  Royal,  Northwest  Live  Stock  show,  and  Pacific  International. 
He  was  made  the  grand  champion  at  the  Oregon  State  and  Northwest 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  67 

Livestock  shows.  Many  of  his  get  were  shown  and  sold  to  breeders  in  the 
northwest,  resulting  in  much  improvement  of  the  breed. 

Liberator  356319  A,  92965  S,  farrowed  January  1,  1918.  Bred  by  F.  H. 
Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa;  sold  to  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  July  1, 
1918.  Got  by  The  Clansman  306669,  by  Grand  Big  Orphan  251923;  dam! 
Fashion  Girl  219444,  by  Masterpiece  257345. 

Perhaps  no  other  boar  of  late  years,  so  completely  captivated  the 
entire  Poland  China  world  as  did  Liberator.  As  soon  as  he  was  sold  at 
the  remarkable  price  of  $3000,  as  a  six  months  old  pig,  he  had  begun  to 
make  history  and  for  the  past  two  years  many  pages  have  been  inscribed. 
After  a  most  brilliant  advertising  campaign,  a  sale  held  on  November  16, 
1918,  with  ten  sows  sold  with  breeding  privilege  to  the  pig,  made  a  record 


Liberator  356319A,   92965S 
By  The  Clansman  SOSSm,  Out  of  Fashion  Girl  21!>I,U.     Without  a  Question  the  Greatest  Progen- 
itor of  His  Time.     He  Sired  a  Fixed  Type  Peculiar  Unto  Himself 

sale  of  about  $600  per  head.  Among  these  sows  was  the  sow  Melba, 
that  produced  a  litter  by  Liberator  that  sold  the  next  fall  for  $12,460, 
and  several  others  that  were  nearly  as  successful.  Following  this  sale 
with  a  January  sale,  with  the  majority  of  the  sows  bred  "to  Liberator, 
another  world's  record  was  broken  by  an  average  of  $813  per  head 
Breeders  flocked  to  Glenwell  Farms,  and  private  sales  that  averaged 
even  higher  than  the  public  auctions  prevailed.  Among  the  top  pigs 
were  Momentum,  selling  to  E.  E.  Farver,  Sibley,  Iowa,  for  $6000;  the 
Cavalier  to  W.  D.  Jones,  Atkins,  Iowa,  for  $5000;  and  The  Pioneer  to 
E.  A.  Wiggers,  Evansville,  Ind.,  for  $5000  (the  latter  two  being  by  The 
Clansman  and  out  of  Fashion  Girl,  the  dam  of  Liberator).  The  fall  sale 
of  1919  was  looked  forward  to  witii  a  great  deal  of  enthusiasm.  Many 
of  the  best  sales  over  the  entire  country  were  made  where  litters  were 
sold  by  Liberator.  In  this  offering  went  several  sons  of  The  Clansman, 
two  of  them  being  out  of  Fashion  Girl.  The  average  price  on  the  sale 
was  about  $1200,  and  herd  boars  by  Liberator  were  scattered  over 
a  greater  portion  of  the  United  States.    While  these  records  seemed  away 


C8  HISTOHY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

beyond  any  dream,  yet  they  were  nothing  as  compared  to  the  January 
19,  1920  sale,  in  which  was  soUl  the  dam  of  Liberator,  Fashion  Girl,  bred 
to  The  Clansman,  selling  to  The  Columbian  Farms,  F.  R.  McDermand, 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  for  $17,200,  the  highest  price  sow  ever  sold  of  any 
breed.  There  was  fair  and  legitimate  bidding  upon  the  sow  from  the 
start.  The  general  average  on  the  sale,  with  the  balance  of  the  offering 
all  bred  to  Liberator  was  $3,112.00  on  thirty-six  head.  So  great  was  the 
demand  from  the  1000  or  more  breeders  present  that  a  supplementary 
list  of  ten  head  were  sold,  making  the  entire  forty-six  head  sell  for  an 
average  of  $2,759.78,  a  total  of  $126,950.00.  So  enthused  were  the  throng 
of  breeders,  that  should  Mr.  (Hover  have  driven  Liberator  in  the  ring  for 
sale  there  was  no  question  but  that  he  would  have  sold  for  $50,000.  The 
latter  part  of  February  of  1920,  Mr.  Glover  consigned  several  headf  to  a 
sale  in  Kansas  City,  and  while  they  out-sold  any  others  in  the  sale,  yet 
tluy  were  not  of  the  same  character  as  those  sold  in  a  previous  sale.  On 
September  Gth,  another  sale  was  held,  but  not  so  satisfactory  as  previous 
sales,  yet  slightly  in  advance  of  general  sales.  October  13th,  another,  but 
because  of  the  great  depression  in  general  over  the  entire  country,  the 
sale  was  not  as  satisfactory,  or  in  keeping  with  the  quality  of  goods. 
Liberator,  without  a  question,  is  one  of  the  greatest  breeding  boars  erf 
the  breed.  He  bred  a  type,  peculiar  unto  himself,  while  there  were 
others  near  to  it,  yet  none  quite  like  the  Liberators.  His  get  within  the 
short  time  have  scattered  to  every  nook  and  corner  of  the  United  States 
and  luost  of  the  present  day  herds  have  at  least  a  representative  therein. 
Designer  93699  S,  farrowed  January  1,  1918.  Bred  by  F.  H.  Hassler, 
Manning,  Iowa;  sold  to  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr..  September,  1918; 


Desig.veu  93699 

By   The  Clatisman  sniioai.  On'  of  Fashion  Girl  ^li•^J,^.     .1    Wonderful  Show  and  Breeding 

Boar.     Sold  for  $30,000  and   Was   the   First  Boar   to   Command  as  Much   as  tl,000  for  a 

Single  Breeding  Service.     A   Litter  Brother  to   Liberator 

resold  to  I).  C.  Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence,  Nebr.,  December,  1919.  Got 
by  The  Clansman  306669,  by  Grand  Big  Orphan  251923;  dam.  Fashion 
Girl  219  H4,  by  Masterpiece  257345. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1!)15   AND   1920  69 

Designer  is  a  litter  mate  to  Liberator.  After  the  sale  of  Liberator  for 
$3000,  there  was  attention  called  for  the  rest  of  the  litter,  and  while  some 
scoffed  at  the  extremely  high  price  demanded  for  the  boar.  Designer, 
and  he  but  a  pig,  yet  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.,  one  of  the  oldest 
breeders  of  the  west  and  the  owner  of  Big  Timm,  knew  that  if  the  hog 
lived  he  could  make  money  with  him.  So  he  paid  Hassler  $5000  for  the 
boar.  For  beauty  and  show  type,  many  preferred  Designer,  and  at  the 
Nebraska,  1919,  show,  he  was  awarded  the  first  prize  in  the  senior  year- 
ling class.  After  the  splendid  achievements  of  his  litter  mate.  Liberator, 
and  knowing  of  the  very  successful  sales  made  by  Wm.  Ferguson  with 
the  boar,  persuaded  D.  C.  Lonegran  &  Sons,  Florence,  Nebr.,  one  of  the 
oldest  firms  of  the  west,  to  try  and  buy  Designer.  They  asked  for  a  price, 
but  were  refused.  Later  they  asked  again,  and  Ferguson  desiring  rather 
to  discourage  them,  priced  the  boar  at  $30,000.  They  at  once  took  an 
option  for  a  few  days,  and  later  returned  with  the  cash  and  took  the 
boar.  Thus  Designer,  at  the  close  of  the  breeding  season,  sold  for  the 
tremendous  price  of  $30,000.  The  word  was  heralded  through  the  entire 
country,  and  the  result  was  that  the  bred  sow  sales  of  both  Ferguson  and 
Lonergan  &  Sons,  were  two  of  the  most  successful  held  anywhere.  His 
get  were  sought  for  by  many  of  the  leading  breeders.  Many  wanted  to 
have  a  litter  each  by  the  breed's  foremost  breeding  boars,  and  many 
others  demanded  sons  of  these  great  boars  at  the  head  of  their  herds. 
As  a  result  it  was  a  neck  to  neck  race,  as  which  had  the  largest  distribu- 
tion. Countersign,  perhaps  the  highest  priced  son  of  Designer,  sellino 
to  Williams  Bros,  ViUisca,  Iowa,  to  succeed  The  Yankee,  for  $12,000. 
Designer  was  a  noteable  breeding  boar.  His  cross  upon  the  daughters 
of  Big  Timm  were  exceptionally  good.  He  has  added  several  pages 
to  history  through  his  improvement  to  the  great  American  breed.  He 
was  the  first  boar  to  demand  as  much  as  $1000  breeding  service  fee. 

Passpoht  114115  N,  417619  A,  farrowed  February  27,  1918.  Bred  by 
J.  G.  Johnson,  Winchester,  Ind.;  sold  to  Johnson  &  Dwiggins,  Winches- 
ter, Ind.,  October  20,  1918;  sold  to  Arlington  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
April  30,  1920.  Got  by  Big  Liberty  Loan  114403  N,  by  Disher's  Giant 
240655;  dam,  Molly  Pike  220334,  by  Big  Chief  Defender  95293. 

Passport  was  one  of  the  best  breeding  boars  of  the  east.  His  sire.  Big 
Liberty  Loan,  was  a  Htter  brother  to  Giant  Buster,  and  an  exceptional 
good  breeding  boar.  Passport  first  became  nationally  known  after 
selling  to  Arlington  Farms  for  $10,000.  His  ability  as  a  breeding  boar, 
warranting  the  paying  of  such  a  iVrice.  While  he  has  several  noted  sons, 
two  seem  to  stand  out  ahead  of  the  others,  and  are  known  as  Password 
in  the  herd  of  C.  E.  Pollard  and  The  Compass  in  the  herd  of  Lemon 
Bros.,  both  firms  in  Indiana.  The  dam  of  Passport,  Molly  Pike,  was  one 
of  the  breed's  good  producing  sows.  She  was  sold  in  1920  to  L.  H. 
Glover,  Missouri,  and  sold  in  his  January,  1921,  sale,  bred  to  Liberator. 
Her  sire.  Big  Chief  Defender  95293  N,  was  also  the  sire  of  Hoosier  Bill 
110435  N. 

The.  Pickett  325529,  farrowed  February  24,  1918.  Bred  by  I.  J. 
Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa; 
resold  to  Preston  Donald,  Clio,  Iowa,  October  30,  1918;  resold  to  Ernest 
Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  October  21,  1919;  sold  to  Tow  Bros.,  Norway, 


70  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Iowa,  August  16,  1920.  Got  by  Orange  Boy  230167,  by  Kool's  Orange 
209749;  dam,  Wonder  Princess  704660,  by  Big  Wonder  Again  209276. 

The  Pickett  met  many  vicissitudes  in  his  life  as  well  as  laurels.  As  a 
very  small  pig,  it  is  said  he  strayed  away  from  his  mother  on  a  very  dark 
night,  only  to  be  stepped  on  by  one  of  the  men.  His  injury  was  sewed 
up,  taking  several  stitches,  and  his  life  despaired  of,  but  being  of  very 
strong  constitution,  he  survived.  He  was  a  record  price  pig  that  fall 
(1918)  selling  to  W.  Preston  Donald  for  $2000.  In  the  Donald  herd,  he 
again  met  with  disaster  by  being  attacked  by  a  bull.  But  he  survived. 
He  was  shown  at  the  National  Swine  show  1919,  and  was  considered  the 
extreme  type  demanded  by  many  of  the  breeders.  He  was  sold  to 
Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  for  $10,000,  and  the  seller  retaining 
thirty  breeding  privileges.  This  sale  created  quite  a  stir,  as  a  few  tried 
to  make  capital  of  the  sale  as  being  $20,000  rating  the  thirty  breeding 
privileges  as  worth  $10,000.  Later  the  boar  was  sold  with  the  entire 
herd  of  Ernest  Melberg,  to  Tow  Bros.,  Norway,  Iowa,  for  $104,000.  The 
Pickett  was  listed  in  the  sale  at  $60,000.  So  out  of  proportion  was  the 
price  as  given  that  many  of  the  breeders  from  various  states  began  to 
call  more  or  less  of  a  halt,  ridiculing  such  sales.  It  can  be  said,  however, 
that  The  Pickett  was  a  wonderful  breeding  boar,  siring  pigs  of  a  single 
type.  His  get  were  very  much  in  de  .nand,  largely  at  the  beginning  of  his 
popularity,  and  later  as  being  unusually  good  individuals.  He  died  May 
1921. 

The  Rainbow  329731,  farrowed  March  14,  1918.  Bred  by  Williams 
Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa;  sold  to  M.  A.  Dowling,  Valley  Junction,  Iowa, 
October  30,  1918;  resold  to  H.  M.  Meneough,  Grimes,  Iowa,  March  10. 
1920.  Got  by  The  Yankee  298157,  by  Mc's  Big  Orange  293865;  dam.  Belle 
Wonder  2d  731476,  by  Crusader  296825. 

The  Rainbow  was  a  remarkable  pig,  developing  into  a  wonderful 
show  and  breeding  boar.  As  a  breeding  boar  he  ranked  even  greater 
than  a  show  boar.  His  sons  were  winners  in  the  big  shows.  Among  his 
great  sons  are  The  Hit,  Rainbow  Boy,  and  Iowa  Rainbow.  His  ability  as 
a  breeding  boar  enabled  his  seller  to  get  $25,000  for  him  when  he  was 
sold  to  H.  M.  Meneough.  Breeders  secured  Rainbow  boars  and  gilts  at 
long  prices  to  improve  their  herds. 

DuNNDALE  Pilot  329667  and  Hawkeye  Giant  323785  (litter  brothers), 
farrowed  February  16,  1918.  Bred  by  Yotter  Bros.,  Oakville,  Iowa, 
(Hawkeye  Giant  sold  to  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa,  September  28. 
1918),  (Dunndale  Pilot  sold  to  Sherman  Dunn,  Alexis,  111.,  September 
28,  1918;  sold  one-half  interest  to  Ora  Meade,  North  Henderson,  111., 
August  15,  1919;  sold  to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  July  15,  1920.) 
Got  by  Giant  Big  Ben  294877,  by  Giant  Ben  236953;  dam.  Orange  Queen 
727462,  by  Fessy's  Timm  256027. 

Litter  brothers  and  two  of  the  greatest  breeding  and  show  boars  of 
their  day.  Starting  in  the  remarkable  sale  of  Yotter  Bros,  on  September 
28, 1918,  these  two  boars  began  a  career  of  great  achivements.  Dunndale 
Pilot  first  attracted  attention  in  the  summer  of  1919,  when  it  was  noised 
that  he  was  coming  out  on  show  circuit  and  would  be  the  greatest  year- 
ling boar  ever  shown.  The  following  winter  Dunn  &  Meade  sold  sowg 
bred  to  him  for  the  biggest  average  ever  achieved  in  the  state.    The  top 


PROMINENT   BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  71 

was  a  daughter  of  The  Clansman,  seUing  for  $5000.  The  boar  was  sold 
to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  the  man  who  had  recently  sold  The 
Pickett  for  $60,000.  Dunndalc  Pilot  was  sold  for  what  was  said  to  be 
$50,000.  He  won  grand  championship  honors  at  the  Iowa  State  fair  1920, 
and  was  admired  by  everyone.  His  measurements  were  461/2  inches 
high,  87  inches  long,  121/2  inch  bone,  and  weighed  1100  pounds.  Hawk- 
eye  Giant  attracted  the  attention  of  the  breeders  through  his  ability  as  a 
breeding  boar.  The  first  prize  junior  yearling  sow  at  the  Iowa  State  fair, 
1920,  was  by  him,  and  the  grand  champion  sow  of  the  National  Swine 
show,  1920,  was  by  him.  He  was  practically  the  same  size  as  Dunndale 
Pilot.    He  died  during  the  fall  of  1920.    Dunndale  Pilot  died  June  1921. 


DUNNDALE  Pilot  329667 

By    Giant  Big   Ben  S9iSn.     Grand   Champion  Iowa   State  Fair,  1920.     Sold 

for  $50,000 

Grant's  Great  Giant  325919,  Peter  the  Great  406277,  Columbian 
Giant  374229,  D's  Big  Jones  360071,  K's  Big  Jones  372879;  farrowed 
March  23,  1918.  Bred  by  H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  sold  in  dam 
to  John  Grant,  Preston,  Iowa.  Got  by  F's  Big  Jones  320555,  by  Gerst- 
dale  Jones  244187;  dam,  Preston's  Giantess  709644,  by  Fessy's  Timm 
256024. 

Without  a  question  the  finding  and  exploiting  of  the  so-called 
"Giantess"  family,  aroused  as  much,  if  not  more,  interest  among  the 
breeders,  in  as  short  a  time,  than  did  any  similar  pro'paganda.  John 
Grant  was  no  unusual  breeder,  in  fact,  quite  reserved  as  far  as  adver- 
tising and  publicity  were  concerned.  Those  who  had  visited  his  farm 
the  summer  after  his  buying  Preston  Giantess  (wliich  was  no  unusual 
sale),  noted  the  extra  choice  litter  of  boars  running  about  the  farm,  par- 
ticularly that  they  were  unusually  large,  long  and  high  up  off  the  ground. 
It  was  in  May  .of  1920  that  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Frank  D. 
Winn,  Randolph,  Mo.,  were  making  a  trip  through  Iowa  looking  over 
various  herds  with  a  herd  boar  in  view.  The  get  of  Grant's  Great  Giant 
in  one  herd  attracted  the  men  to  the  farm  of  John  Grant,  and  it  was 
there  that  they  located  and  later  purchased  three  of  the  five  boars. 
Grant's  Great  Giant  was  said  to  be  the  largest  Poland  China  living  at 


72  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

that  time.  He  was  indeed  a  wonderful  breeding  boar,  this  fact  being 
recognized  by  the  breeders  paying  an  average  of  .'i>453  on  fifty-seven  sows 
bred  to  the  boar  in  a  January,  1920,  sale,  and  an  average  of  $653,  on 
fifty-two  head  in  a  September,  1920,  sale,  mostly  sons  and  daughters. 
The  top  pig  selling  for  $2600.  Among  his  great  sons  were.  The  Minute 
Man,  Rawleigh's  Great  Giant,  Giant  Boy,  Peacock  Giant,  and  Giant 
Rival.  Peter  the  Great  was  originally  known  as  G's  Big  Jones,  and  was 
owned  in  partnership  by  W.  D.  Jones  and  E.  C.  Forrest.  Mr.  Glover 
purchased  the  Jones  interest  for  $5000,  and  offered  $12,500  for  the 
Forrest  interest,  but  Forrest  demanded  more,  and  Glover  refused  to  pay. 
Consequently,  the  boar  died  the  property  of  the  two  men.  Mr.  Glover 
making  one  sale  on  sows  bred  to  the  boar,  averaging  over  $400.  Mr. 
Glover  really  owned  but  one-fourth  interest,  the  other  fourth  belonging 
to  W.  D.  Johnson,  his  brother-in-law.  Columbia  Giant,  as  for  smooth- 
ness and  type  was  probably  the  leading  boar,  and  was  purchased  by 
F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  the  owner  of  Fashion  Girl,  for 
$20,000.  K's  Big  Jones  was  owned  by  I.  M.  Kyle,  Sabula,  Iowa,  (the 
breeder  of  Long  Joe  265521),  and  sold  to  F.  D.  Winn  for  $3000  with  the 
guarantee  that  the  boar  should  get  over  a  lameness.  The  boar  was 
shipped  to  Winn,  but  never  was  used,  and  died  from  the  injury.  As  a 
breeding  boar  K's  Big  Jones  was  the  equal  of  any  of  his  brothers. 
During  the  early  part  of  the  summer  of  1920,  Mr.  Winn  spent  a  great 
deal  of  time  in  Iowa  locating  and  purchasing  the  get  of  these  boars, 
which  were  catalogued  and  sold  in  a  public  auction  in  Kansas  City, 
September  7,  1920.  Others  were  catalogued  in  a  sale  during  the  week  of 
the  1920  National  Swine  show  at  Des  Moines,  Iowa.  In  this  sale  a  boar 
by  Grant's  Great  Giant,  known  as  Real  Good  406938,  was  purchased  by 
a  syndicate  of  breeders  and  taken  to  the  farm  of  one  of  the  men,  and 
castrated.  There  was  a  great  deal  of  talk  about  the  matter  from  both 
sides,  and  the  nearest  conclusion  was  that  the  boar  did  not  measure  up 
to  the  advertising  and  recommendations  by  the  sellers  (Winn  &  Glover), 
and  that  several  of  the  breeders  objected  to  the  bringing  out  of  their 
own  territory,  such  an  animal  to  a  National  show  to  be  sold.  The  sale 
price  of  the  boar  was  $300.  The  breeding  of  the  "new"  find  of  boars 
was  advertised  as  the  "outcross"  blood  and  as  just  the  right  and  logical 
cross  to  use  on  the  various  other  noted  families  in  order  to  preserve  and 
promote  the  size  and  quality  of  the  breed.  This  in  itself  was  very  much 
opposed  by  many  of  the  breeders.  Much  was  said,  and  many  pages 
taken  up  in  the  trade  journals,  regarding  the  foundation  of  the  new 
"outcross  blood,"  and  Fesenmeyer  and  Grant  both  contributed  several 
articles  as  to  the  geneology  and  reasons  why,  such  outstanding  indi- 
viduals in  one  litter.  But  the  public  wondered  why  so  great  a  litter  of 
boars  from  the  boar,  F's  Big  Jones,  whose  sire  and  offspring  had  been 
turned  down  (Gerstdalc  Jones),  and  now  with  a  rush  of  "outcross 
blood"  and  "new"  blood  they  could  not  comprehend.  More  was  said 
regarding  the  dam  and  her  wonderful  ancestors,  than  the  sire,  and  by 
right  of  heritage,  the  boars  indeed  were  worthy  offsprings.  They  were 
a  valuable  addition  to  the  breed,  and  the  regret  was  that  they  were  not 
a  long  lived  family. 

Big  Boij  Orphan  111287  N,  farrowed  Marcii  1,  1918.     Bred  by  Fred 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  73 

Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa;  sold  to  Padgett  &  Gumery,  Whitestown    Ind 
September,  1918;  resold  to  W.  C.  Gambel,  Noblesville,  Ind.,  April   1919* 
Got  by  Big  Bob  212613,  by  Chief  Price  2d  142681;  dam.  Orphan's  Black 
Maid  515644,  by  Orphan  Wonder  196461. 

Big  Bob  Orphan  was  a  show  boar  as  well  as  an  outstanding  breeding 
boar.  His  get  were  successful  in  the  show  rings.  He  sired  the  junior 
champion  boar  pig  at  the  1919  Indiana  State  fair,  and  his  produce  that 
fall  sold  for  a  higher  dollars  than  the  get  of  any  other  one  boar  in  the 
east.  He  was  grand  champion  of  the  Indiana  State  fair  in  1920  in  one 
of  the  biggest  and  best  shows  of  the  state.  As  a  sire  he  had  few  equals. 
Among  some  of  his  leading  sons  were  Smooth  Bob,  A  Wonder  Bob,  Big 
Bob  Clansman,  and  Bob  Big  Orphan. 

Highland  Ranger  118389  N,  farrowed  September  2,  1918.  Bred  by 
Brent  Woodmansee,  Highland,  Ohio;  sold  to  Oliphant  &  Kreh,  Vincennes, 
Ind.,  July  25,  1919;  resold  to  C.  E.  Pollard,  Cynthiana,  Ind.,  September  9, 
1919;  resold  to  W.  H.  Lant,  Newburg,  Ohio,  February  5,  1920.  Got  by 
Highland  Giant  102371,  by  The  Giant  72083  S.;  dam.  Lady  Giantess 
221806,  by  Giant  Buster  90455  N. 

Highland  Ranger  was  one  of  the  best  individuals  and  breeding  boars 
of  the  east.  Being  a  young  boar  at  this  writing,  his  get  are  not  as  promi- 
nent as  they  undoubtedly  will  be.  The  Giant  and  Giant  Buster  probably 
were  the  greatest  sons  of  the  two  great  boars,  Hercules  and  Disher's 
Giant.  Therefore,  this  boar  has  a  combination  of  these  two,  being  in- 
tensely bred  on  both  sides.  The  dam  of  Lady  Giantess  221806  is  by  Big 
Joe,  a  brother  to  Big  Ben,  the  sire  of  both  Hercules  and  Disher's  Giant. 
Highland  Ranger  sold  to  OHphant  &  Kreh  for  iP500,  and  to  C.  E.  Pollard 
for  !P2750,  later  selling  to  W.  H.  Lant  for  $10,000. 

The  Outpost  124421  N.  farrowed  May  13,  1919.  Bred  by  D.  A.  Rumple, 
Berne,  Ind.;  sold  to  W.  C.  Williams,  Thorntown,  Ind.,  November,  1919; 
sold  to  C.  F.  Reisch,  Lakeville,  Ind:,  December,  1919;  resold  to  White 
Bros.,  Mt.  Carmel,  111.,  April,  1920.  Got  by  The  Cavalier  119911,  by  Big 
Bob  2d  101125;  dam,  Sis  Hopkins  3d,  247068  by  Rumple's  Wonder  101809. 
The  Outpost  came  from  a  great  line  of  breeding.  He  was  an  un- 
usually good  individual,  attracting  no  little  attention  in  the  sales  of 
Williams  &  Spurting,  and  D.  A.  Rumple.  People  began  to  look  for  this 
young  boar,  only  to  find  that  he  had  gone  to  the  White  Bros.  Wild  Rose 
Hog  Farm  for  the  consideration  of  $10,000.  At  the  age  of  thirteen 
months,  he  was  said  to  have  measured  41  inches  tall  and  76  inches  long. 
Both  of  his  grandsires  were  unusually  good  breeding  boars,  transmitting 
their  good  qualities  to  this  illustrious  grandson. 

Checkers  110686  S,  farrowed  March  29,  1919.  Bred  by  Ridgeway 
Farms,  Blanchard,  Iowa;  sold  to  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa;  sold  to 
Jim  Bloemendaal,  Alton,  Iowa,  March,  1920.  Got  by  Checkmaker  94520, 
by  F's  Big  Jones  89795  S;  dam,  Hercules  Lady  248921.  by  Bernice  Timm 
87277. 

Seldom  does  a  young  boar  leap  into  such  wide  renown  as  did 
Checkers.  Being  an  unusual  pig  individually,  he  attracted  the  attention 
of  F.  H.  Hassler,  who  developed  the  pig  for  several  months  and  sold  him 
to  Bloemendaal  for  $20,000.  The  name  of  "Checkers"  was  a  striking 
name,  and  Bloemendaal,  characterized  the  name  in  the  use  of  Checker 


74  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Board  illustrations.  Shortly  after  the  purchase  of  Checkers,  the  locating 
and  purchase  of  the  noted  Preston  Giantess  litter  of  boars  became 
known,  and  as  they  were  directly  related  to  Checkers  his  fame  became 
greater.  On  August  13,  1920,  Bloemendaal  made  a  sale  of  thirty  sows 
and  gilts,  bred  to  Checkers,  receiving  an  average  of  $905  per  head,  which 
was  the  highest  average  for  an  untried  boar  in  a  summer  sale.  Checkers 
is  a  line  bred  Fessy's  Timm  pig.  His  granddam  on  the  sire  side,  A 
Giantess,  was  a  litter  sister  to  Preston  Giantess,  the  dam  of  Peter  The 
Great,  Columbian  Giant,  Grant's  Great  Giant,  etc.  Checkers  was  one  of 
the  longest,  tallest,  best  footed  young  boars  of  his  day.  He  was  the 
extreme  of  the  modern  demand  in  Poland  Chinas,  and  a  popular 
favorite. 


CHECKEns   110686S 

Out  of  Checkmaker  9^520.     One  of  the  Largest  Yearlivg  Boars  Ever  Produced.     Also  an 

Exceptional   Breedinn  Boar.     Sold  for  $20,000 

Revelation  106855  S,  farrowed  March  9,  1919.  Bred  by  Glover  & 
Moore,  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Gardner,  Kan.;  sold  to  Winn  &  Moore,  Ran- 
dolph, Mo.,  October  13,  1919.  Got  by  Liberator  92965,  by  The  Clansman 
92964;  dam.  Buster's  Best  224022,  by  Giant  Buster  78878  S. 

Revelation  was  sold  in  the  record  fall  sale  of  L.  H.  Glover,  October  13, 
1919,  to  Winn  &  Moore,  Randolph,  Mo.,  for  the  world's  record  price  for 
an  untried  pig,  $8,700.  The  day  of  the  sale  the  pig  did  not  look  as  good 
as  one  of  his  litter  mates,  but  the  buyers  had  been  on  the  farm  several 
times  and  had  selected  this  pig  as  being  the  best  to  be  sold.  His  sire  is  the 
renowned  Liberator,  and  the  dam.  Buster's  Best,  was  familiarly  known 
as  the  "Queen  of  the  Polands,"  being  one  of  the  greatest  types  of  sows,  as 
well  as  a  producing  sow  of  unusual  ability.  Litter  mates  to  Revelation 
were  sold  in  the  same  sale  to  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  for 
$6100,  and  C.  V.  Keller,  LaCrosse,  Ind.,  for  $2800.  Revelation,  as  a 
junior  yearling,  was  shown  at  the  National  Swine  Show,  winning  second 
place  in  class,  being  defeated  by  his  litter  brother  owned  by  Graham. 
Sows  bred  to  Revelation  were  among  the  top  sellers  in   the  Winn  & 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   1915  AND    1920  75 

Moore  sale  the  night  of  January  19,  1920,  averaging  over  $1400  per  head. 
Four  pigs  in  the  Utter  of  which  Revelation  was  one,  sold  for  $23,600. 
Momentum,  one  of  the  Htter,  sold  to  E.  E.  Farver,  Sibley,  Iowa,  in  the 
summer  of  1919  for  $6000.  As  a  breeding  boar  Revelation  ranked  among 
the  leaders,  and  as  a  show  boar  he  possessed  great  style  and  breed  char- 
acter that  commanded  great  respect.  Two  litter  sisters  retained  in  the 
Glover  herd,  were  shown  at  the  National  Swine  show,  1919,  winning  first 
and  second  honors,  and  were  said  to  be  two  of  the  most  sensational  gilts 
ever  shown. 

HoosiER  Bill  380903  A,  110435  N,  farrowed  February  15,  1918.  Bred 
by  C.  A.  Wright,  Sheridan,  Ind.;  sold  to  Ida  M.  Teter  &  Sons,  Sheridan, 
Ind.,  November  11,  1918;  resold  to  Findling,  Hicks  &  Knapp,  Arcadia, 
Ind.,  September  27,  1919.  Got  by  Big  Chief  Defender  95293,  by  Great 
Defender  210937  A;  dam.  Big  Lil  3d  215004,  by  Disher's  Giant. 

Hoosier  Bill  was  one  of  the  greatest  yearling  boars  produced  in  the 
east.  His  attractiveness  attracted  many  of  the  leading  breeders,  who 
selected  sons  and  daughters  to  improve  their  herds.  The  boar  became 
nationally  known  when  Kramer's  Kind,  the  dam  of  The  Clansman  sold 
to  Arlington  Farms,  Indianapolis,  with  a  litter  of  ten  pigs  at  side  by 
Hoosier  Bill,  for  $14,600.  After  the  record  sale  of  Kramer's  Kind,  the  get 
of  Hoosier  Bill  were  secured  at  very  long  prices.  He  was  sold  in  the 
Teter  Bros,  sale  for  $6100. 

Arch  Back  Giant  373737,  farrowed  March  14,  1918.  Bred  by  J.  H. 
Sheppard  &  Sons,  Modoc,  Ind.;  sold  to  C.  G.  Harvey,  Carlos,  Ind.,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1918;  resold  to  Harry  Spurling,  Taylorville,  111.,  August  23, 
1919;  resold  to  Oliphant  &  Kreh,  Vincennes,  Ind.,  September  15,  1919. 
Got  by  Big  Donnelly  371293,  by  Big  Fred  272201;  dam,  A  Wonder  Sow 
872320  by  Big  Wonder  266917. 

Arch  Back  Giant  first  attracted  attention  when  a  crop  of  pigs  sired  by 
him  commanded  an  average  in  an  October  sale  of  $451  each.  The  pigs 
were  sold  in  the  W.  C.  Gamble,  1919,  sale,  and  were  among  the  best 
footed,  high  back  variety  that  many  had  seen,  especially  being  sired  by 
one  boar.  In  the  herd  of  Oliphant  &  Kreh,  the  boar  was  used  on  some  of 
the  best  sows  to  be  bought,  and  in  their  bred  sow  sale  of  1920,  sows 
mated  to  this  boar  sold  for  record  prices.  Arch  Back  Giant  was  indi- 
vidually an  outstanding  boar.  His  grandsires  were  Big  Bob  and  Long 
Wonder  2d,  two  noted  breeding  boars. 

King  Kole  390599,  farrowed  March  6,  1919.  Bred  by  M.  A.  Dowling. 
Valley  Junction,  Iowa;  sold  in  dam  to  G.  E.  Petty,  Versailles,  Mo.  Got 
by  Smooth  Prospect  304389,  by  Long  Prospect  295031;  dam.  Orange 
Blossom  805466,  by  Orange  Boy  230167. 

King  Kole,  without  a  doubt,  was  one  of  the  very  superior  boars  of 
his  days.  He  was  a  model  of  perfection,  combining  the  size  and  rugged- 
ness  of  the  extreme,  and  the  smoothness  and  easy  fleshing  qualities  of 
the  early  maturing  kind.  Smooth  Prospect,  the  sire,  used  in  the  herd  of 
M.  A.  Dowling,  produced  many  very  choice  offspring,  that  stood  well  up 
in  the  money  at  the  leading  shows  of  the  corn  belt.  Especially  were  the 
animals  good  from  sows  of  the  Orange  Boy  breeding.  Smooth  Prospect 
traces  back  to  Wades  Jumbo  and  Wintermute's  Jumbo,  two  wonderful 
breeding  boars,  they  were  among  the  first  900-pound  boars  of  the  big 


76  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

types.  King  Kole  was  an  outstanding  pig  in  a  litter  of  nine.  As  a  run- 
ning mate  to  Big  Bone  Leader,  he  was  not  used  very  heavj%  however, 
the  few  pigs  were  of  exceptional  conformation.  He  was  shown  at  the 
Missouri  State  fair  1920,  winning  grand  championship.  Later  he  was 
taken  to  the  National  Swine  show,  1920,  and  won  third  honors.  The 
placing  was  not  exactly  approved  by  the  many  breeders  present,  as  they 
showed  by  their  demonstration  when  King  Kole  was  paraded  before  the 
great  crowds,  many  thinking  the  boar  was  entitled  to  first  place.  Several 
prominent  breeders  shipped  their  best  sows  to  be  mated  to  this  great 
boar,  resulting  in  a  wonderful  impetus  for  King  Kole  and  his  get. 

The  Pioneer  101505,  farrowed  February  13,  1919.  Bred  by  Silver 
Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.;  sold  in  dam  to  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo., 
and  Harry  H.  Moore,  Gardner,  Kan.;  resold  to  E.  A.  Wiggers,  Evansville, 
Ind.,  July,  1919;  resold  to  Arlington  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  1920.  Got 
by  The  Clansman  92964  by  Grand  Big  Orphan  75229;  dam.  Fashion  Girl 
219444,  by  Masterpiece  76100. 

The  Pioneer  is  a  distinctive  individual  in  every  respect.  He  conies 
from  one  of  the  most  illustrious  families  the  breed  has  known.  He  is  a 
full  brother  to  Liberator,  Designer,  Cavalier,  The  Volunteer,  and  other 
members  of  the  famous  The  Clansman-Fashion  Girl  matings.  E.  A. 
Wiggers,  during  the  summer  of  1919,  came  to  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  per- 
sonally selected  The  Pioneer,  paying  $5000  for  the  boar.  The  sows  in  the 
first  bred  sow  sale,  mated  to  this  boar,  averaged  .$1532.  As  a  breeding 
boar,  he  compares  favorably  with  the  leading  boars  of  the  breed. 

The  Critic  352805,  farrowed  February  14,  1919.  Bred  by  P.  A.  Par- 
menter,  Paralta,  Iowa;  sold  to  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa,  August  27,  1919; 
resold  to  E.  C.  Barber,  Alpena,  S.  D.,  October  1, 1919.  Got  by  Biggest  Joe 
315861,  by  Smooth  Big  Joe  271075;  dam,  P.  A.'s  Miss  Jones  741048,  by 
Gerstdale  Jones  2d  260127. 

The  Critic  became  one  of  the  leading  breeding  boars  of  the  northwest. 
He  carried  the  blood  of  some  of  the  breed's  largest  boars  and  sows. 
Biggest  Joe,  the  sire,  was  a  very  large  boar,  carrying  considerable 
quality.  The  get  of  The  Critic  were  in  keen  demand  and  their  influence 
was  beneficial  to  the  improvement  of  the  breed. 

Boars  worthy  of  mention,  and  who  played  an  important  part  in  the 
breed's  history  are:  Model  Big  Bob  274955;  Long  Big  Bone  2d  256457, 
grand  champion  of  Indiana,  1919;  The  Pilot  297411,  grand  champion 
National  Swine  show  1919;  Repeater  326871,  the  first  prize  junior  year- 
ling National  Swine  show  1919;  Emancipator  375375;  Dominator  361407; 
Liberator  Buster  375555. 

Boars  of  1919  farrow,  whose  influence  began  to  prove  beneficial  in 
1920  and  1921.  that  are  not  heretofore  mentioned,  but  worthy  of  recogni- 
tion, are  as  follows: 

Peter  Pan,  by  Peter  The  Great,  owned  by  Frank  D.  Winn,  East  Kan- 
sas City,  Mo. 

Sunbeam,  by  Harrison's  Big  Bob.  owned  by  H.  E.  Spurgcon.  Wayland, 
Mo. 

Cicotte,  by  Big  Jack,  owned  by  Bell  Bro.s.  &  Wood,  Wiota,  Iowa. 

Nobility,  by  Big  Square  Jumbo.  owne<l  by  J.  E.  Meharry.  Tolono,  111. 


PROMINENT  BOARS   BETWEEN   Iflla  AND    1920  77 

Progressor,  by  Imperator,  owned  by  Wm.  Ferguson  &  Son,  Scribner, 
Nebr. 

Orangepiece,  by  Mc's  Big  Orange,  owned  by  W.  H.  Ellsworth  &  Sons. 
Goldfield,  Iowa. 

Libera ti,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  J.  O.  James,  Braddyville,  Iowa. 

The  Minute  Man,  by  Grant's  Great  Giant,  owned  by  W.  M.  South, 
sville,  Ind. 

The  Ranger,  by  Long  Orange,  owned  by  Lewis  Bros.  &  Cunningham, 
Childress,  Texas. 

Chanticleer,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  Frank  L.  Ryan,  Flandereau,  S.  D. 

Supremus,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  R.  A.  Welch  &  Son,  Red  Oak,  Okla. 

Superior  Giant,  by  W's  Giant,  owned  by  Frank  L.  Keller,  Taylor,  Mo. 

D's  Giant,  by  W's  Giant,  owned  by  H.  B.  Atterbury,  Madison,  Mo. 

Liberator  Ace,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  Rhea  &  McLain,  Kinney,  Tex. 

Liberator  Leader,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard 
Lake,  Minn. 

The  Jayhawker,  by  The  Rainbow,  owned  by  Frank  M.  Clark,  Hedley, 
Texas. 

Checkit,  by  Checkniaker,  owned  by  Henry  Dorr  &  Son,  Marcus,  Iowa. 

Boars  of  1920  farrow,  worthy  of  mention : 

Peter  the  First,  by  Spring  Valley  Orange,  owned  by  H.  Obermann  & 
Son,  Monett,  Mo. 

Archdale,  by  Chieftan,  owned  by  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa. 

The  Winner,  by  The  Clansman,  owned  by  D.  E.  Hudson  &  Sons, 
Montezuma,  Iowa. 

Freckles,  by  Liberator,  owned  by  W.  L.  Mack,  Faucett,  Mo. 

The  Invader,  by  Hawkeye  Giant,  owned  by  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne, 
Iowa. 

The  Pathfinder,  by  The  Rainbow,  owned  by  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne, 
Iowa. 

Peacock  Giant,  by  Grant's  Great  Giant,  owned  by  Floyd  Stanley, 
Grinnell,  Iowa. 

The  Guide,  by  Rainbow  Boy,  owned  by  E.  W.  Cook  &  Son,  Trenton, 
Mo. 

Peter  The  Great  2d,  by  Peter  The  Great,  owned  by  L.  H.  Glover  & 
Belvidere  Farms,  Grandview,  Mo. 

The  Tarzan,  by  The  Clansman,  owned  by  Sol  L.  Leonard,  St.  Joseph, 
Mo. 


CHAPTER  XI 

Foundation  Boars  of  the  Poland  Chinas 

1  HE  history  of  foundation  boars  should  interest  the  boar  owner  of 
most  any  breed,  as  the  history  and  knowledge  of  the  genealogy  of  the 
most  necessary  and  valuable  part  of  the  herd  is  a  business  necessity. 

-  Ever  since  a  boy  upon  the  farm,  large  enough  to  read  the  advertise- 
ments and  admire  the  photographs  and  drawings,  usually  the  latter,  of 
Poland  Chinas,  in  the  swine  journals,  I  have,  like  many  others,  wondered 
just  where  they  all  started  from,  and  if  the  so-called  "Big  Types"  were 
any  relation  to  the  so-called  "Hot  Bloods;"  or  were  separate  and  distinct 
new  bloods. 

At  that  time  the  breed  was  undergoing  some  radical  changes,  and 
1  recall  hearing  many  discussions,  both  as  to  the  enormity  of  the  offence 
and  the  high  quality  of  the  performance,  according  to  the  viewpoint  of 


As  He  Appeared  lo 


Tom   Corwin   2d   2037 
at  Ten  Years  of  Age.    He  Is  One  of  the  Two  Founiati 
of  the  Breed.     Farrowed  Ajiril,  I87S 


the  person  in  question.  Territories  were  divided  and  breeders  classified 
by  the  more  radical  on  both  sides,  until  to  the  beginner,  the  whole  thing 
was  a  whirling  puzzle.  I  have  dug  into  the  history  of  the  breed,  to  the 
foundation  stock,  and  found,  not  only  were  the  "Big"  Types"  and  "Hoi 
Bloods"  "htter  mates,"  but  that  all  the  prominent  and  great  boars  of  the 
breed,  with  the  exception  of  one  boar,  trace  on  the  sire  side  of  their 
pedigrees  to  two  foundation  heads,  namely:  Zack  310  (alias  the  Gal- 
laspie  Hog),  and  Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137  (See  chapter  on  Foundation 
Boars  and  Sows). 

From  the  illustrations  used,  it  will  be  seen  that  Chief  Tecumseh  2nd 
14579  and  Tom  Cokwin  2nd  2037,  are  the  pillars  on  which  rest  the  breed's 
history.  In  other  words,  from  these  two  boars,  begin  the  branches  of 
the  Poland  China  tree,  and  all  branches,  both  long  and  short,  large  or 
small,  come  directly  back  to  these  two  foundation  heads. 


FOUNDATION  BOARS  OF  THE  POLAND  CHINAS  79 

There  are,  of  course,  other  boars  of  present-day  fame,  whose  names 
could  be  added,  but  the  names  given  represent  a  sufficient  range  in 
breeding  to  prove  all  pedigrees  traced  on  the  sire  side  to  the  two  founda- 
tion heads,  and  to  establish  three  very  important  facts,  namely: 

1.  That  all  Poland  Chinas,  both  "big  types"  and  "hot  bloods"  are 
one  and  the  same  blood. 

2.  That  selection  is  the  basis  of  all  variance  in  types. 

3.  The  plasticity  of  the  hog. 

From  the  beginning  of  pedigreed  Poland  Chinas  the  breed  has 
weathered  the  storms  of  a  multiplicity  of  ideas  and  fashions  of  the  pro- 
ducer, achieving  greatness  in  the  minds  of  all,  according  to  their  fancy. 
Yet  through  all  the  trials  and  acid  tests,  the  foundation  has  stood  like 
the  Rock  of  Gibraltar. 

Zack  310  (alias  the  Gallaspie  Hog),  pedigree  as  recorded  in  Volume 
1  of  the  Ohio  Record,  states  that  he  was  dark  spotted;  growthy,  farrowed 


Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579 
One  of  the  Two  Foundation  "Pillars"  of  the  Breed.    Farrowed  June,  1890 

in  1867.  Bred  by  William  Gillespie,  Red  Lion,  Warren  county,  Ohio; 
bought  of  him  by  Joel  Cook,  Franklin,  Warren  county,  Ohio;  sired  by  a 
hog  bred  by  Harvey  Gallagher,  Red  Lion,  Warren  county,  Ohio;  weight 
970  pounds. 

Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137  pedigree,  recorded  in  the  same  volume,  states 
that  he  was  black,  large  size,  fine  head  and  ear.  Farrowed  in  April, 
1867.  Bred  by  John  Irwin,  Darrtown,  Butler  county,  Ohio.  Sold  to  Mr. 
O'Fallon  of  Missouri;  resold  to  Shephard  &  Alexander,  Illinois,  at  the 
St.  Louis  fair,  1869,  weighed  at  that  time  1085  pounds.  No  sire  or  dam 
given. 

Zack  is  the  sire  of  the  Cook  Hog  67,  who,  in  turn,  is  the  grandsire  of 
flie  Boyd  Hog  40,  considered  to  be  one  of  the  best  boars  of  his  day, 
weighing  around  800  pounds,  in  breeding  condition.  He  was  used  in  the 
herd  of  David  Monfoot,  black  in  color  and  very  smooth.  The  Boyd  Hog 
sired  Tom  Corwin,  the  sire  of  Lady  Duffield,  and  dam  of  Tom  Corwin 


80  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

2nd,  2037  (the  arch  of  the  family  tree  in  illustration  No.  2).  Tom  Corwin 
is  the  grandsire  of  World  Beater,  a  boar  that  did  much  to  put  D.  M. 
Magie  on  the  map  as  a  Poland  Qiina  breeder.  World  Beater  is  a  grand- 
sire  of  Tecumseh  4339,  the  boar  that  Ed  Klever  says  sired  more  real  herd 
boars  than  all  of  the  boars  used  in  their  herds. 

King  Tecumseh  the  son,  and  Chief  Tecumseh  the  grandson,  of  the 
renowned  Tecumseh  4339,  were  said  to  be  more  like  the  present-day 
Poland  Chinas,  large  and  smooth.  Chief  Tecumseh  is  the  sire  of  Chief 
Tecumseh  2nd  14579  (the  arch  of  the  tree  in  illustration  No.  1). 

Chief  Tecumseh  2d  was  farrowed  June  18,  1890;  nine  pigs  in  the 
litter,  black  with  white  points,  body  square,  fine  head  and  ear. 

Like  the  above  enumeration  of  sires  and  grandsires  of  these  old-time, 
renowned  boars,  the  popular  and  prominent  boars  of  today,  whose 
names  appear  above  the  pedigree  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579,  step  by 
step  trace  back  to  this  wonderful  and  immortal  boar. 

ILLUSTRATION   1 

Smooth  Price  Big  Orange 

Disher's  Giant  Long  Chief 

Big  Joe  Grand  Master 

Big  Ben  Chief  Defender 

Giant  Buster  Mouw"s  Chief 

Long  King  Chief  Price  2nd 
Long  King's  Equal     Chief  Price 

Home  Run  On  and  Off 

Keep  On  Meddler 

Spellbinder  Chief  Perfection  2nd 


Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579  by 
Chief  Tecumseh  10815  by 
King  Tecumseh  11793  by 
Tecumseh  4339  by 
IT.  S.  1195  by 
World  Beater  1213 
Beecher  15 
Tom  Corwin  275 
Boyd  Hog  40 
Young  Cook  Hog  301 
Cook  Hog  67 

Zack  310   (alias  Gallaspie  Hog)  by 
a  boar  bred  by  Harvey  Gallagher. 


FOUNDATION  BOARS  OF  THE  POLAND  CHINAS 


ILLUSTRATION  2 


Big  Jones 
Big  Bone 
A's  Mastodon 
Big  Price's  Equal 
Golden  Gate  King 
Gerstdale  Jones 
Smooth  Big  Bone 
Black  Big  Bone 
Long  Big  Bone 
A  Wonder 


Big  Timm 

Iowa's  King 

Big  Bob 

Columbus 

King  of  Wonders 

Big  Bob  Wonder 

Caldwell's  Big  Bob 

The  Big  Orphan 

Expansion 

Klever's  Model. 


Tom  Corwin  2d  2037  by 
Star  of  the  West  1983  by 
General  Hayes  507  by 
Butler  93  by 
Boyal  Finch  235 
Coombs  Hog  64  by 
Old  Coombs  Hog  200 
Old  Billy  196  by 
Son  of  Irwin's  Sweepstakes  by 
Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137. 


Chief  Price 
61861 


ILLUSTRATION  3 


[Grand  Chief 
r  Grand  Chief  3rd       20177 
28013  \ 


r  Chief  Tecumseh 


2d  14579 


Chief  Perfection 
2d  42559 


rChief  Tecumseh 
Chief  Perfection        2d  14579 
32199  \ 


Let  us  now  look  at  the  illustration  No.  2  and  note  the  prominent 
boars  and  their  breeding. 

Irwin's  Sweepstakes  is  the  grandsire  of  Old  Billy  196,  a  boar  used  in 
the  herds  of  Finch  &  Grear,  Warren  county,  Ohio.  He  was  exhibited 
at  the  Indiana  State  fair  in  1872,  weighing  1,005  pounds,  and  was  what 
they  called  a  well  finished  hog.  Old  Billy  is  th^  sire  of  the  Old  Combs 
Hog  200,  and  the  sire  of  Combs  Hog  54,  a  boar  used  by  W.  C.  &  Jas. 
Hankinson,  Blue  Ball,  Warren  county,  Ohio.  (It  was  in  the  home  of 
W.  C.  Hankinson,  where  the  first  Poland  China  pedigree  was  written, 
September,  1876.)  Combs  Hog  is  the  grandsire  of  Butler  93,  farrowed  in 
the  spring  of  1874,  and  was  used  in  the  Klever  herds,  for  a  number  of 


»2  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

years.  Butler  was  black  in  color,  and  his  pedigree  states  that  he  was 
an  excellent  breeder. 

Butler  is  the  grandsire  of  Star  of  the  West  1983,  one  of  the  real  herd 
boars  of  his  day,  and  the  sire  of  the  immortal  Tom  Corwin  2d  2037,  the 
arch  of  the  family  tree. 

Let  me  repeat  again,  that  the  boars  whose  names  are  so  familiar  and 
who  appear  immediately  above  the  pedigree  of  Tom  Corwin  2d  2037, 
only  trace,  through  the  sire  line  of  their  pedigree,  to  Tom  Corwin  2d, 
some  being  but  two  generations,  while  others  four,  five  or  several  genera- 
tions away.    But  all  come  through  his  pedigree. 

Tom  Corwin  2d  was  farrowed  April,  1878,  eight  pigs  in  the  litter. 
Dark  color,  with  white  feet,  broad  back,  heavy  hams,  fine  built  and  a 
great  prize  winner.  On  his  dam's  side  the  seventh  dam  is  the  Old  Hark- 
rader  sow,  the  beginning  of  pedigree  sows. 

Selection  the  Basis  of  Development 

Now  that  we  know  that  all  boars,  both  great  and  small,  big  type  or 
little  type,  come  from  the  same  pedigree,  the  correct  conclusion  must, 
therefore,  be  that  the  difference  in  types  in  the  development  of  tKe 
breed  has  been  through  selection. 

To  bring  this  closely  to  you,  I  desire  in  illustration  No.  3  to  show  how, 
with  a  given  point,  dating  with  Chief  Tecumseh  2d,  two  branches  were 
started  in  this  great  tree,  one  leading  to  the  birth  of  the  "hot  bloods"  and 
the  other  to  the  birth  of  the  "big  types;"  yet  both  from  the  same  par- 
entage, and  about  equally  removed  from  the  fountain  head. 

In  the  fall  of  1889,  T.  J.  Harris,  West  Liberty,  Iowa,  exhibited  at  the 
Iowa  State  fair  several  Poland  China  sows  called  Maude  of  Manning 
strain.  This  family  coming  from  the  Lon  Hunter  herd.  Morrow,  Ohio, 
tracing  on  the  dam  side  to  the  Old  Harkrader  sow.  Several  of  the  sows 
were  purchased  by  Peter  Mouw.  In  1892  Mr.  Mouw  bought  from  W.  A. 
Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa,  the  owner  of  the  immortal  Chief  Tecumseh 
2d  14579,  a  son  of  this  old  boar,  called  Grand  Chief  20177.  This  boar 
was  crossed  on  one  of  the  Maud  of  Manning  sows,  and  produced  Grand 
Chief  3d  28013,  the  sire  of  the  renowned  Chief  Price  61861,  said  by  many 
to  be  the  "father"  of  the  Big  Types. 

On  the  other  hand.  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  is  the  grandsire  of  the 
renowned  Chief  Perfection  2d  42559,  the  father  of  the  majority  so-called 
"hot  bloods."  Yet  it  was  not  the  fault  of  this  great  boar,  as  he  produced 
some  equally  as  good  as  Grand  Chief  and  Grand  Chief  3d,  but  through 
selection  of  his  finer  coated  six  white  points,  tip  ears,  small  boned  sons 
and  daughters,  the  promoters  started  what  is  known  today  as  the 
"hot  bloods." 

While  these  two  extremes  were  being  promoted  Peter  Mouw,  H.  C. 
Dawson  &  Sons  and  others  kept  choosing  the  larger,  strong  bone  pigs  out 
of  each  litter,  and  at  the  zenith  of  the  hot  blood  days  in  1904,  Mr.  Mouw 
exhibited  Poland  Chinas  of  the  extreme  Big  Type  that  were  elephants 
in  comparison  with  the  smaller  hogs  on  exhibition,  yet  the  basis  of  both 
in  the  beginning  was  the  show  ring  type,  as  both  selected  the  highest 
scoring  animals  as  the  foundation. 

Expansion  57691,  the  forerunner  of  Big  Types  in  Nebraska,  was  said 
to  be  a  "freak"  in  size,  as  he  was  so  much  larger  than  his  little  mates. 


FOUNDATION  BOARS  OF  THE  POLAND  CHINAS  83 

Yet  H.  C.  Dawson  &  Sons  saw  the  possibilities  in  him,  and  today  his 
name  is  immortal  in  the  real  hog  history.  He  comes  from  the  wonderful 
sow-producing  family,  Black  U.  S.  18345,  a  grandson  of  Tom  Corwin 
2d  2037,  who  was  the  only  real  contemporary  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d 
14579,  he  being  pre-eminently  a  sire  of  sows,  and  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  a 
sire  of  great  boars. 

While  the  two  family  trees  divide  the  great  boars  of  the  breed, 
placing  an  equal  number  of  branches,  yet  they  are  all  very  closely  inter- 
woven, until  it  is  practically  impossible  to  note  a  pedigree  of  most  any 
hog  without  finding  the  blood  of  both  freely  crossed.  For  example.  King 
of  Wonders  appears  in  the  Irwin's  Sweepstakes  foundation,  because  his 
sire,  A  Wonder,  traces  there,  while  his  dam  is  sired  by  Long  King's 
Equal,  the  grandson  of  old  Chief  Price,  tracing  back  to  the  Zack  founda- 
tion. It  has  been  this  intermingling  of  blood  and  the  selection  of  the 
larger  and  stronger  pigs  of  the  litters  that  has  brought  and  will  continue 
to  bring  the  honor  and  leadership  to  this  great  American  breed  of  swine. 

The  Plasticity  of  the  Hog 

As  before  stated,  selection  is  the  basis  on  which  rests  the  development 
of  the  breed.  It  is  wonderful,  therefore,  to  note  the  remarkable  trans- 
formation in  the  life  of  the  Poland  China  breed,  the  maximum  and 
minimum  in  types  and  markings,  in  size  and  qualities,  to  see  the  tide 
coming  in  and  going  out,  all  of  which  proves  the  true  heritage  of  the 
breed  and  fulfils  the  assurance  of  the  originators,  who  said  in  the  early 
60's,  "We  are  thoroughly  assured  that  we  have  the  elements,  the  basis  of 
a  great  breed  of  hogs,  and  that  by  judicious  discriminating  breeding  we 
can  produce  and  thoroughly  establish  a  breed  of  swine  that  will  meet  the 
demands  of  the  country." 

No  matter  what  you  fancy  in  swine,  whether  it  be  long  or  short  hair, 
or  tails,  large  or  small  ears,  little  or  big  feet,  size  or  quahty,  you  can,  by 
selection  and  breeding,  get  the  kind  you  want;  you  have  but  to  follow 
the  given  rule,  "Like  begets  like." 

How  important  it  is  to  have  judicious  breeding  by  men  who,  like  the 
originators  of  the  breed,  have  a  vision  of  the  great  possibilities  "to  meet 
the  demands  of  the  country"  and  leave  nothing  unturned  to  keep  the 
standards  of  the  breed  forever  upheld.  Constructive  breeders,  not 
destructive  breeders,  to  keep  the  nose  of  the  critter  pointing  toward  the 
top  of  the  hill. 

Note — Since  writing  the  above,  and  deeming  it  an  item  of  interest, 
I  have  looked  up  all  the  available  records,  beginning  with  the  first  names 
of  the  boars  of  the  two  families,  regarding  the  fecundity  of  the  breed, 
as  represented  by  these  two  foundation  families.  I  find  that  the  Chief 
Tecumseh  2d  14579  family  show  an  average  of  Syi  pigs  per  litter,  and 
the  Tom  Corwin  2d  2037  family  an  average  of  8  1-3  per  litter. 

From  statistics  gathered  in  recent  years,  the  general  average  is 
slightly  larger,  but  not  in  the  proportion  that  one  would  expect  if  a  com- 
parison was  based  upon  the  criticism  given  the  breed  in  the  lack  of 
prolificacy  during  the  past  fifteen  or  twenty  years. 


CHAPTER  XII 
Hot  Bloods,  Medium  Types,  Cold  Bloods  and  Big  Types 

The  term  "Hot  Blood"  was  coined  by  J.  V.  Cotta,  Indiana,  then  a 
breeder,  but  later  a  field  man  for  a  prominent  newspaper.  Just  when 
he  gave  this  descriptive  term  is  not  generally  known,  but  is  believed  to 
be  in  the  late  nineties.  It  appeared  first  in  one  of  his  catalogs,  under 
which  were  listed  the  names  of  about  forty  breeders,  classed  by  him  as 
breeders  of  "Hot  Bloods,"  meaning  Poland  Chinas,  intensely  bred  along 
a  certain  line. 

The  classification  was  not  void  of  effect,  for  it  bound  more  closely 
the  interests  of  the  therein  named  breeders,  encouraging,  as  it  were,  the 
struggle  that  was  made  to  control  the  hog  business.    This,  however,  was 


r    That    Caused   the    Words   -Bin    Type"    To    Be   Coined.      One   of   the 
Greatest  Breeding  Boars  of  His  Day,  Aiding  Mueh  in  Creating  a  Demand  for 
a  Change  in  the  General  .Si-.r  of  the  Breeding  and  Show  Poland  Chinas.     Far- 
rowed May,  l<m 

not  the  original  intention,  but  rather  to  pay  a  tribute,  or  distinguish 
from  among  Poland  China  breeders  those  breeders  whose  herds  were 
largely  predominated  by  the  blood  of  certain  boars  that  were  wanted  to 
be  made  supreme.  Animals  not  possessing  these  bloodlines  were  called 
"Cold  Bloods." 

Popular  tradition  has  it  there  were  four  men  who  stood  above  all 
others  in  the  command,  and  in  directing  the  success  of  the  new  cause. 
These  were  termed  by  many  as  the  "Powers  That  Were."  One  incident 
along  this  line,  to  show  their  power,  was  when  an  enterprising  firm  in 
western  Iowa  purchased  the  grand  champion  boar  of  the  state  show  at 
a  long  price,  were  immediately  informed  that  they  could  not  expect  to 
receive  the  support  of  the  "Powers  That  Were."  to  put  the  boar  on  the 


BLOODS  AND  TYPES  85 

"map."       In  other  words,  they  would  see  that  the  boar  never  would 
become  noted.    As  a  consequence  the  sale  was  called  off. 

This  particular  incident  was  at  the  zenith  of  the  "Hot  Blood"  days. 
For  several  years  the  atmosphere  had  been  full  of  exorbitant  high  sale 
averages,  with  numerous  partnership  sales  of  two  to  ten  owners  of  a 
single  hog.  In  some  instances  sales  were  fixed  before  the  auction  took 
place,  and  at  the  conclusion  of  the  sale  there  would  not  be  enough  money 
taken  in  to  pay  the  expenses  of  the  sale.  This  necessitated  the  giving  of 
notes,  which  later  were  used  promiscuously  in  the  buying  of  high  priced 
hogs.  The  disease  grew  from  bad  to  worse,  until  so  pressed  were  some 
of  the  breeders  for  money  to  meet  their  obligations  at  the  banks,  and 
for  advertising  their  sales,  that  many  began  to  cash  in,  if  possible,  all 
notes  they  held,  both  on  hogs  sold  on  Icgitiinate  sales,  as  well  as  camou- 


Dy  L.'s  PerfectU 


Corrector  2646B 
■eerfino   Show   Roar  of  Medi; 
One-half  Interest   Sold  for 


Types   of  National 


flaged  reciprocity  trade  notes,  which  resulted  in  the  financial  downfall 
of  a  great  many  and  a  shortening  of  the  life  of  the  "powers  that  were" 
and  "hot  blood"  influence. 

It  must  be  understood  that  not  all  of  the  eastern  breeders  or  all  of 
the  western  breeders  were  identified  in  the  foregoing  history,  but  a  great 
many  from  both  sections.  There  were  breeders  residing  in  both  sec- 
tions who,  through  fear  of  the  "powers  that  were,"  did  not  launch  out 
into  the  breeding  of  their  favorite  big,  smooth  hog,  so  silently  carried 
their  burdens  along,  waiting  an  exit  of  the  "hot  blood"  fever.  When  the 
storm  did  subside,  they  began  to  appear  with  renewed  courage  to 
gather  again  the  threads  that  were  shattered  and  weave  again  the  chain 
of  progress  of  the  favorite  breed. 

Among  the  more  prominent  localities  lending  to  the  quick  recon- 
struction was  Western  Iowa  and  Eastern  Nebraska.  Peter  Mouw, 
through  his  persistency  in  showing  his  hogs,  did  much  to  show  the 
extreme  size  of  the  breed,  but  the  transformation  from  the  little  hog  to 
the  other  extreme  was  not  momentarily  beneficial,  but  he  paved  the 
way  for  others,  who  used  his  hogs  and  modified  and  unified  them  into 
a  large  hog  with  finish. 


86  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

"Medium  Types,"  referring  to  hogs  that  were  crossed  with  "cold 
bloods,"  making  them  larger  than  the  hot  bloods,  but  not  so  large  as  the 
"big  types,"  made  its  appearance  about  1908,  and  has  been  used  quite 
generally  to  the  present  day.  Breeders  of  modern  times  use  the  words 
only  in  referring  to  certain  bloodlines  that  do  not  produce  so  large  a 
hog  as  others. 

The  words  "big  type"  are  generally  conceded  to  be  coined  by  H.  C. 
Dawson  &  Sons.  They  did  much  for  the  breed  in  the  exhibiting  of 
their  stock  annually,  at  a  great  many  of  the  fairs.  In  1901  they  exhibited 
a  large  number  of  hogs  at  the  Nebraska  and  Kansas  State  fairs,  and 
carried  with  them  a  large  sign  with  a  lize-sized  drawing  of  the  old  boar. 
Expansion,  and  the  words,  "Expansion  Big  Type  Polands,  Big  Bone 
and  Big  Litter  Kind."  Reubel  Bros.,  Marathon,  Iowa,  also  claim  the 
credit  of  originating  the  words,  "Big  Type."  Just  who  did  lays  between 
the  two  above  named  parties,  but  the  term  has  remained  with  the  breed 
even  to  this  day. 


CHAPTER  XIII 

The  Score  Card  and  Its  Influence 

IN  THE  early  formation  of  the  breed,  a  score  card  was  adopted  to 
correctly  guide  the  beginner  into  growing  an  estimated  100  per  cent 
American  hog.  For  the  information  of  the  reader,  we  herewith  publish 
a  scale  of  points  as  adopted  by  the  National  Poland  China  Breeders 
Association  at  Chicago,  111.,  in  November,  1885 : 

Color  dark,  spotted  or  black 3 

Head  small,  broad  and  face  slightly  dished 5 

Ears  fine  and   drooping 2 

Jowl,  neat  and  full 2 

Neck  short,  full  and  slightly  arched 3 

Brisket,  full 3 

Shoulder,  broad  and  deep 6 

Girth  around  the  heart 10 

Back  straight  and  broad 7 

Sides  deep  and  full 6 

Ribs  well  sprung 7 

Loin  broad  and  strong 7 

Belly  wide  and  straight 4 

Flank,  well  let  down 3 

Ham  broad,  full  and  deep 10 

Tail  tapering,  not  coarse 2 

Limbs  strong,  straight  and  tapering 7 

Coat  thick  and  soft 3 

Action  prompt,  easy  and  graceful 5 

Symmetry,  adaptation  of  the  several  parts  to  each  other 5 

100 

SCALE  OF  POINTS  AS   nECOMMENDED  PRIOR  TO  1915 

Head  and  Face — Head  short  and  wide;  cheeks  full;  jaws  broad;  forehead  high 
and  wide;  face  short,  smooth,  wide  between  the  eyes,  tapering  from  eyes 
to  point  of  nose,  and  slightly  dished  surface,  even  and  regular 4 

Eyes  Large,  prominent,  bright,  lively,  clear  and  free  from  wrinkled  or  fat 

surroundings    2 

Ears  small,  thin,  soft,  silky,  attached  to  the  head  by  a  short  and  small  knuck, 
tips  pointing  forward  and  slightly  outward  and  the  forward  half  drooping 
gracefully,  fully  under  control  of  the  animal;  both  of  same  size,  position 
and  shape  2 

Neck   wide,    deep,    short    and    nicely    arched    at   top    from    poll   of   head   to 

shoulder    2 

Jowl — Full,  broad,  deep,  smooth  and  firm,  carrying  fullness  back  to  near 
point  of  shoulders,  and  below  line  of  lower  jaw,  so  that  lower  line  will 
be  as  low  as  breast  bone,  when  head  is  carried  up  level 2 

Shoulder — Broad,  deep  and  full,  not  extending  above  the  line  of  back,  and 
being  as  wide  on  top  as  on  back,  carrying  size  down  to  line  of  belly,  and 
having  good  lateral  width 6 

Chest — Large,  wide,  deep,  roomy,  indicating  plenty  of  room  for  vital  organs, 
making  a  large  girth  just  back  of  shoulders,  the  breast-bone  extending 
forward  so  as  to  show  slightly  in  front  of  the  legs,  and  extending  in  a 
straight  line  back  to  the  end  of  breast-bone,  showing  a  width  of  not  less 
than  six  inches  between  forelegs  in  a  large,  full-grown  hog 12 


88 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Back  and  Loin — Broad,  straight  or  slightly  arched,  carrying  same  width  from 
shoulder  to  ham  surface,  even,  smooth,  free  from  lumps,  creases  or  pro- 
jections, not  too  long,  but  broad  on  top,  indicating  well-sprung  ribs, 
should  not  be  higher  at  top  than  at  shoulder,  and  should  not  fill  at  junc- 
tion with  side  so  that  a  straight  edge  placed  along  top  of  side  will  touch 
all  the  way  from  point  of  shoulder  to  point  of  ham;  should  be  shorter 
than  lower  belly  line 

Sides  and  Kibs — Side,  full,  smooth,  firm  and  deep  carrying  sides  down  to 
belly,  and  evenly  from  ham  to  shoulder;  ribs  long,  strong,  well  sprung 
at  top  and  bottom 

Belly  and  Flank — Wide,  straight  and  full,  drooping  as  low  as  flank  at  bottom 
of  chest,  back  of  foreleg,  making  a  straight  line  from  forelegs  to  hind 
legs;  flank  full  and  out  even  with  surrounding  portions  of  body;  belly  at 
that  point  dropping  down  on  a  line  with  lower  line  of  chest;  the  loose 
skin  connecting  ham  and  belly  being  on  a  line  even  with  bottom  of  side.  . 


Hams  and  Hnmp — Hams  broad,  full,  long  and  wide.  They  should  be  as  wide 
at  point  of  the  hip  as  at  the  swell  of  ham.  Buttocks  large  and  full; 
should  project  beyond  and  come  down  upon  and  fill  full  between  the 
hocks.  The  lower  front  part  of  the  ham  should  be  full  and  stifle  well 
covered  with  flesh,  and  a  gradual  rounding  toward  the  hock.  Rump 
should  have  a  rounded  slope  from  loin  to  root  of  tail;  same  width  as 
back  and  filling  out  full  on  each  side  and  above  the  tail 10 

Feel  and  Legs — Legs,  medium  length,  straight,  set  well  apart  and  squarely 
under  body,  tapering  well  nuiscled,  and  wide  above  knee  and  hock,  below 
hock  and  knee  round  and  tapering,  capable  of  sustaining  weight  of  an 
animal  in  full  flesh  without  breaking  down;  bone  firm  and  fine  texture; 
pasterns  short  and  nearly  upright;  feet  firm,  short,  tough  and  free  from 
defect   , 10 

Tail — Well  set  on,  smooth,  tapering,  and  carried  in  a  curl 1 

Coa/— Fine,  straight,  smooth,  lying  close  to  and  covering  the  body  well,  not 

clipped,  evenly  distributed  over  the  body 3 

Color — Black,  with  white  in   face  and  lower  jaw,  white  on  feet  and  tip  of 

tail;  a  few  small,  clear  white  spots  on  body  not  objectionable 4 

Size — Large  for  age  and  condition;  boars  two  years  old  and  over,  if  in  good 
flesh  should  weigh  not  less  than  ')((()  pounds;  sows  same  age  and  condi- 
tion, not  less  than  450  pounds;  boars  eighteen  months  old  in  good  condi- 
tion, not  less  than  400  pounds,  sows  350  pounds;  boars  twelve  months 


THE  SCORE  CARD  AND  ITS  INFLUENCE  80 

old,  not  less  than  300  pounds;  sows  300  pounds;  boars  and  sows  six 
months  old,  not  less  than  150  pounds;  other  ages  in  proportion 5 

Action  and  Style — Action  easy,  vigorous,  quick  and  graceful;  style  attractive, 
high  carriage,  and  in  male  testicles  should  be  of  same  size,  and  carriage 
readily  seen,  and  yet  not  too  large 3 

Condition — Healthy;  skin  clear  of  scurf,  scales  or  sores,  soft  and  mellow  to 
the  touch;  flesh  fine,  evenly  laid  on,  and  free  from  lumps  or  wrinkles; 
hair  soft  and  lying  close  to  the  body,  good  feeding  qualities 2 

Disposition — Quiet,  gentle  and  easily  handled 2 

Symmetry  of  points 2 

Total 100 

The  head  of  the  hog  in  1885  was  worth  five  points,  while  today  but 
four.  Ej'es  meant  nothing  then  while  today  we  demand  a  consideration 
of  two  points.  Constitution  was  referred  to  as  girth  then,  and  was  given 
ten  points,  while  today  we  say  chest  twelve  points;  sides  and  ribes  were 
classed  as  separate  and  distinct  in  1885,  with  a  total  of  thirteen  points; 


Buster's  Clipper   260S26 

Uy  Giant  Buster  DOJii:,.     Fhst  Pii-.e  Srt:ior  Yearling  Sow,  Xrilioniil  Hiriiie  Show.  Jlt'O. 

Weight  C.iO  Pounds 

today  we  join  them  allowing  but  nine;  back  and  loin  were  also  separated 
with  a  total  of  fourteen  points,  and  at  present  are  joined,  allowing  the 
same  cut.  Being  more  modest  in  those  days,  feet  and  legs  were  termed 
as  limbs  with  a  possible  seven  points,  while  today  a  cut  of  nine  points 
is  permissable.  Nothing  was  required  for  size  then,  and  now  eight 
points.  Style,  condition  and  disposition  are  three  additional  require- 
ments today,  all  vital  in  the  general  makeup  of  the  animal. 

Score  card  method  of  judging  in  the  show  rings  was  inaugurated  in 
the  late  seventies,  and  was  abandoned  in  the  early  nineties.  To  the 
novice  it  proved  a  good  educator,  but  to  the  practical  hog  breeder  and 
showman,  it  became  menace,  as  no  judge  could  twice  score  an  animal 
and  reach  the  same  result,  and  a  fraction  of  a  point  would  in  some  cases 
count  a  great  deal  on  a  winner.  It  gave  to  the  theorist  a  wide  range  of 
abuse  on  minor  or  non-essential  pomts,  and  was  largely  responsible  for 


90  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

the  introduction  of  the  fancy  head  and  ear,  and  fine  qualities  of  the 
breed,  a  mistake  that  took  many  years  to  correct. 

We  wish  to  direct  the  reader's  attention  to  the  requirements  of  size 
as  specified  in  the  foregoing  score-card.  A  two-year-old  boar  in  good 
flesh  should  weigh  not  less  than  five  hundred  pounds,  sow  four  hundred 
and  fifty  pounds;  boar,  eighteen  months,  four  hundred  pounds,  sow 
three  hundred  and  fifty.  At  twelve  months,  three  hundred  pounds,  and 
at  six  months  one  hundred  and  fiftj'  pounds. 

The  score-card  has  been  quite  ignored  by  Big  Type  breeders  who 
have  evolved  two  year  old  and  over  boars  at  one  thousand  to  twelve 
hundred  pounds,  sows  from  eight  hundred  up  close  to  the  thousand- 
pound  mark;  boars  eighteen  months  old  weighing  frequently  from 
eight  hundred  and  fifty  to  nine  hundred,  sows  same  age  from  six  hun- 
dred and  fifty  to  eight  hundred  pounds;  twelve  months  old  pigs  from 
five  to  six  hundred  pounds,  and  at  six  months  from  two  hundred  and 
fifty  to  three  hundred  pounds. 


CHAPTER  XIV 

Auction  Sales  and  Their  Beginning 

r  ROM  the  pedigree  of  the  Old  Harkrader  Sow,  one  is  reminded  thai 
an  early  as  1862  auction  sales  were  in  practice.  Little  or  nothing  is 
mentioned  of  sales,  strictly  made  up  of  pure  bred  animals,  especially 
hogs. 

It  remained  for  a  Poland  China  breeder  to  inaugurate  this  very 
commendable  plan,  and  give  to  the  livestock  world  a  new  means  of 
salesmanship.  J.  H.  Bebout,  Rushville,  Ind.,  is  the  originator.  Having  a 
surplus  of  young  stock  on  hands,  he  advertised  the  sale  of  them  to  the 
highest  bidder  on  a  given  day  in  the  fall  of  1885.    A  good  crowd  attended. 


W.s  Giant  251175 

By   Disher's   Giant   i'lOias.      A    Breeding   Boar   Par   Excellence.      Weighed   1,100 

Pounds,  Stood  U  Inches  Tall 

many  out  of  pure  curiosity.  The  plan  worked,  and  Bebout  in  one  day 
sold  his  entire  year's  crop,  which  usually  took  several  months  to 
dispose  of. 

Other  breeders  began  to  use  the  same  method,  and  auctioneers  began 
to  flourish  in  keeping  with  the  increasing  demand  for  new  sales. 

The  bred  sow  sale  system  is  also  credited  to  a  Poland  China  breeder, 
T.  R.  Wilson,  Morning  Sun,  Iowa.  His  plans  were  talked  over  and 
counseled  with  Col.  D.  P.  McCracken,  Paxton,  111.,  who  had  the  honor  of 
conducting  the  first  sale. 

Mr.  Wilson  had  a  vision  that  it  was  entirely  possible  to  breed  and 
sell  a  draft  of  sows,  if  proper  advertising  was  given  to  the  boar,  as  well 
as  to  the  auction.     Working  on  this  theory,  and  for  other  good  and 


92  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

sufficient  reasons,  he  purchased  a  one-half  interest  in  the  famous  Chief 
Tecumseh  2d,  the  boar  at  that  time  being  owned  by  W.  A.  Jones,  Van 
Meter,  Iowa,  and  E.  H.  Andrews,  Kearney,  Neb.,  Mr.  Wilson  buying  the 
Andrews  interest.  This  sale  was  made  December  3,  1895,  and  the  first 
bred  sow  sale  was  made  shortly  after  this  date. 

Bred  sow  sales  became  quite  the  thing  in  order  from  here  on,  and 
for  several  years  excited  a  lot  of  zeal  and  enthusiasm  that  the  breed 
would  have  been  much  better  off  if  some  of  the  breeders  had  stayed 
within  their  limits.  Advertising  was  sought  after  at  any  price.  Wild 
descriptive  announcements,  highly  colored  or  illuminated,  with  startling 
drawings  of  the  skillful  artists,  graced  the  pages  of  the  leading  maga- 
zines, calling  attention  to  the  "greatest  boar  living."  This,  with  the 
over-indulgence  of  fictitious  prices,  and  an  effort  on  the  part  of  a  few  to 
corner  the  game,  caused  a  ripple  in  the  affairs  of  the  breed,  which  are 
explained  fully  in  another  chapter. 


By  Fashi 


CHAPTER  XV 


Peter  Mouw  and  Thirty-five  Years  of  Big  Types 

P  ETER  MOUW,  Orange  City,  Iowa,  to  whom  the  Poland  China  pro- 
ducers today  owe  a  debt  of  gratitude  for  the  foresight  and  determination 
he  possessed  in  preserving  the  great  size  and  feeding  quahties  of  this 
wonderful  breed,  was  born  in  Oepe,  Holland,  1852,  coming  to  America 
with  his  parents  in  1866.  For  two  years 
he  worked  with  his  father  in  Penn- 
sylvania, grading  road  beds  for  the 
railroad,  and  afterwards  moving  to  the 
Iowa  prairie,  where  Orange  City  is 
now  located.  With  his  father  he  built 
the  first  residence  in  this  now  pros- 
perous county  seat. 

Coming  from  an  industrious  ances- 
try,   young    Mouw    soon    became    the 
owner  of  an  eighty-acre  farm,  paying 
but  $8  per  acre  for  it.    This  farm,  or 
Iv^'^^l^^^^^Hr^HKVHH      father  piece  of  land,  as  there  were  no 
.  f  "^^jj^^^^P^^R^nl-w^      buildings  or  fences,  was  situated  about 
one    mile    northeast    of    the    present 
*//■,»  ~   ^m    ■  "^  Orange  City.    In  one  of  the  barns  there 

t'll-r-  -■:—  1.  -  .^»  -'^„..-^  now  hangs  the  old  yoke  used  on  the 
oxen  with  which  Mr.  Mouw  broke  the 
sod,  planted  the  crops  and  hauled  the 
fencing  and  house  material  for  the  first 
improvements.  Today  he  owns  one- 
half  section  parallel  to  the  first  eighty 
acres,  valued  at  around  $300  per  acre, 
and  600  acres  of  good  land  in  South 
Dakota. 
We  do  not  recall  ever  having  visited  a  farm  more  thoroughly 
equipped  with  every  improvement  imaginable.  Buildings  by  the  dozen 
make  it  look  like  a  small  town  within  itself.  There  are  four  beautiful 
dwelling  houses,  three  large  hog  barns,  besides  numerous  small  barns 
and  sheds,  two  extra  large  cattle  barns,  sale  pavalion,  hay  barn,  grain 
elevator,  machine  sheds,  silo,  ice  house  and  modern  barn  equipments; 
a  complete  water  supply  system  in  all  the  buildings  and  in  each  lot,  an 
electric  light  plant  furnishes  light  for  every  building,  as  well  as  power 
to  elevate  and  grind  the  feed,  pump  the  water,  run  the  cream  separator 
and  turn  out  the  family  washing.  Just  press  the  button.  All  kinds 
of  farm  machinery  are  also  in  evidence,  besides  a  Ford  sedan,  two 
Ford  touring  cars  and  one  Ford  truck.  Upon  asking  Mr.  Mouw  why  all 
were  Fords,  he  said,  "If  you  want  quick  service,  you  do  not  use  a  draft 


Peter  Mouw,   Orange  City,  Iowa 


94  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

team  or  a  lumber  wagon,  but  you  want  a  driving  team  and  buggy,  so  I 
want  a  Ford."  Just  why  he  prefers  little  cars  and  big  hogs  was  not  fully 
explained. 

As  a  boy  Peter  Mouw  was  taught  to  believe  in  good  livestock  of  all 
kinds.  In  1886  he  purchased  his  first  purebred  Hereford  bull,  Castello, 
and  three  cows,  paying  $1,000  for  the  four.  People  thought  he  was 
beside  himself,  but  the  cattle  suited  him,  as  they  were  the  largest  to  be 
found,  and  he  always  remembered  the  instructions  of  his  father,  "As 
long  as  you  sell  in  pounds,  deal  in  pounds."  This  advise,  Mr.  Mouw  says, 
is  the  basis  of  his  determination  to  grow  the  largest  varieties  of  livestock 
and  poultry  possible.  He  has  demonstrated  this  beyond  a  question  in 
his  Poland  Chinas,  and  hopes  to  be  able  to  show  the  Hereford  breeders 
a  real  3,000-pound  bull. 

Prior  to  1884  nothing  but  grade  hogs  were  raised  on  the  farm. 
During  the  spring  of  1884  Mr.  Ross,  of  Marcus,  Iowa,  but  late  of  Illinois, 
visited  Mr.  Mouw  and  took  a  great  delight  in  making  fun  of  the  grade 
pigs,  until  Mr.  Mouw  said,  "What  kind  have  you?  If  they  are  any  better 
I  want  some  of  them."  The  reply  was  that  he  had  Poland  Chinas,  and 
that  if  Mr.  Mouw  would  bring  four  of  his  grades  to  the  Ross  farm,  they 
could  be  exchanged  for  two  pure  bred  gilts.  Sometime  during  the  sum- 
mer Mr.  Mouw  caught  four  of  his  grades,  put  them  in  an  empty  salt 
barrel,  and  drove  to  the  Ross  farm,  returning  with  his  first  two  pure  bred 
Poland  China  gilts.  That  fall  he  could  see  there  was  a  difference  in 
the  blood,  and  immediately  prepared  the  majority  of  his  grades  for 
the  market.  It  was  during  the  old  Chicago  State  fair  in  1*^84  that  Mr. 
Mouw  sold  his  grade  hogs  on  the  Chicago  market.  He  afterwards 
visited  the  fair  and  purchased  a  Poland  China  gilt  from  Dufiield  & 
Shellenberger,  Somerville,  Ohio.  Before  returning  home  he  visited  the 
J.  W.  Coffman  &  Bro.,  Danvers,  111.,  herd  of  Poland  Chinas  and  pur- 
chased a  boar.  From  this  stock  he  raised  hogs  for  the  market,  proving 
to  his  satisfaction  that  they  were  superior  to  his  grades. 

HIS    F0UND.\TI0N    HERDS 

In  1889  a  visit  was  made  to  the  Iowa  State  fair.  The  main  attraction 
to  Mr.  Mouw  was  the  hog  show.  In  the  under-year  herds  several  good 
exhibits  were  made,  but  the  highest  scoring  herd,  owned  by  Correll  & 
Coffman,  Mechanicsburg,  111.,  became  the  property  of  Peter  Mouw.  These 
three  animals  arc  recorded  in  Volume  13  of  the  American  Poland  China 
Record  as  Orange  King  18323,  Illinois  Maid  57682  and  Illinois  Maid 
2d  57690.  At  the  same  fair  T.  J.  Harris,  West  Liberty,  Iowa,  was  exhibit- 
ing several  pigs  from  the  Maud  of  Manning  strain  that  he  had  secured 
from  the  herd  of  Lon  Hunter,  Morrow,  Ohio,  tracing  quickly  to  the  Old 
Harkrader  Sow,  the  foundation  sow  of  the  Poland  Chinas.  These  were 
large,  useful  hogs,  just  suiting  Mr.  Mouw,  and  he  purchased  several  head. 

Orangi-  King  18323  was  mated  to  these  sows,  producing,  as  Mr. 
Mouw  says,  a  wonderful  lot  of  large,  tiirifty  hogs.  The  next  full,  1890, 
he  purchased  from  Harris  for  $100  Jumbo  3d  18321,  by  Young  Jumbo 
17533,  by  Jumbo  15655.  Of  Jumbo  l.")(;.V).  it  was  said  he  weighed  1100 
pounds  on  the  Iowa  Slale  fair  grounds  in  1888.  Mr.  Mouw  says  Jumbo 
3d  18321  weighed  over  1000  pounds  in  1893,  at  the  same  fair,  and  he 
was  grooming  him  for  the  World's  fair  at  Chicago   that  fall,  having 


PETER  MOUW  AND  THIRTY-FIVE  YEARS  OF  BIG  TYPE  95 

received  special  distinction  from  the  state  board  of  agriculture  of  his 
state  by  their  commissioning  his  herd  as  one  of  those  to  represent  the 
state  in  the  swine  exhibits  at  the  World's  fair.  Between  the  close  of  the 
Iowa  State  fair  and  the  opening  of  the  World's  fair,  this  boar  was  acci- 
dentally killed  by  breaking  his  neck  in  an  attempt  to  get  over  a  fence 
to  fight.  This  boar,  according  to  Mr.  Mouw,  did  more  than  any  other 
to  establish  the  sow  herd  that  gave  him  the  firm  foundation  for  the 
superior  size  hogs  he  afterwards  bred. 

In  1892  Mr.  Mouw  made  an  exhibit  of  his  hogs  at  the  Iowa  State  fair. 
W.  A.  Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa,  the  owner  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579, 
was  there  with  an  exhibit  of  sons  and  daughters  of  this  grand  old  boar. 
The  pigs  showed  size  with  a  touch  of  quality  that  attracted  Mr.  Mouw, 
resulting  in  the  sale  of  the  best  pig.  Grand  Chief  20177,  for  $75  to  Mr. 
Mouw.  This  boar  bred  true  to  the  expectations  of  his  new  owner,  and 
after  the  death  of  Jumbo  3d  18321  he  was  quickly  fitted  for  the  World's 
fair,  showing  as  a  yearling. 

Unfortunately,  the  show  herd  became  alTected  with  cholera  on  the 
World's  fair  grounds  and  he  lost  them  all,  one  of  the  big  sows  dying 
in  the  show  ring.  Mr.  Mouw  says  he  did  not  know  it  was  cholera  until 
later,  as  he  thought  the  hogs  had  eaten  some  glass.  He  came  home,  only 
to  find  out  that  the  balance  of  his  herd  were  down  with  cholera,  and  he 
lost  180  head. 

Out  of  those  saved  was  a  pig  sired  by  Grand  Chief  20177,  and  out 
of  Jumbo  3d  dam,  farrowed  May  5,  1893,  that  was  quite  a  prospect,  and 
Mr.  Mouw  began  to  develop  him.  He  is  recorded  as  Grand  Chief  3d 
28013,  and  is  the  sire  of  the  renowned  Chief  Price  61861,  who  in  1901 
began  to  make  real  Poland  China  history.  Of  Grand  Chief  3d,  Mr. 
Mouw  says  that  he  was  much  like  the  present  day  hog,  weighing  around 
1000  pounds,  and  had  a  coat  of  hair  like  silk. 

HARD  TIMES  IN  1894 

Towa  citizens,  Uke  the  citizens  of  other  states,  suffered  untold  hard- 
ships during  the  period  of  1894  to  1897.  Mr.  Mouw  was  up  against  it, 
the  same  as  were  his  neighbors.  The  big  Poland  China  was  fast  growing 
into  disfavor  with  the  majority  of  the  Poland  China  breeders.  The 
little  fine  bone,  fine  ear,  six  white  point  pig  was  in  demand.  Cholera 
had  wiped  out  the  coveted  profit  with  which  he  hoped  to  meet  the  debt 
remaining  on  the  new  160  acres  he  had  purchased  in  1893.  Oats  sold 
for  15  cents  a  bushel.  The  new  land  did  not  produce  enough  to  pay  the 
interest  on  the  loan.  There  was  no  market  for  his  cattle,  most  of  the 
hogs  had  died  with  the  cholera,  real  estate  not  worth  much  as  a  loan 
value,  yet  $1200  interest  money  had  to  be  raised,  besides  money  to  buy 
feed  for  the  stock  on  the  farm.  Through  a  friend  the  loan  was  secured 
in  Wisconsin,  thus  staying  off  the  wolf  from  the  door. 

With  the  same  opposition  confronting  a  great  many  people,  they 
would  have  taken  the  "count"  and  dropped  by  the  wayside,  but  not  so 
with  a  man  of  determination  like  Mr.  Mouw,  who  could  not  forget  the 
old  adage,  "Where  you  lose  your  money,  there  you  will  find  it  again," 
so  the  fall  of  1894  found  him  in  attendance  at  the  Iowa  State  fair, 
where  he  purchased  Surprise  28007  for  $100  from  John  Jones,  Rewey, 
Wis.    While  it  is  not  authoritative,  one  would  infer  that  the  hog  was 


Ofi  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

named  after  the  judge  had  passed  his  decision,  and  instead  of  an 
ordinary  boar,  Mr.  Mouw  owned  the  first  prize  pig  of  the  show.  Surprise 
was  a  well  finished  hog,  jet  black  in  color,  and  made  a  perfect  cross  on 
the  Jumbo  3d  and  Grand  Chief  sows. 

The  year  1895  did  not  prove  eventful,  as  the  drouth  effects  had  not 
worn  off  and  every  bit  of  grain  that  could  be  secured  went  to  keeping 
alive  the  stock  they  had  on  the  farm.  In  1896  another  exhibit  to  the 
Iowa  State  fair  was  made.  The  boom  for  "hot  bloods"  had  begun  in 
earnest,  yet  Mr.  Mouw  says  his  hogs  looked  so  good  he  was  awarded  a 
diploma  by  the  state  board  of  agriculture,  which  he  still  has  framed 
and  hanging  on  the  wall.  At  this  fair  he  purchased  Young  Jones  39723, 
a  son  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579,  and  of  him  Mr.  Mouw  states  he  was 
one  of  the  best  breeding  boars  he  ever  owned,  crossing  well  on  all  the 
sows  and  active  in  the  herd  for  a  great  number  of  years. 

THE  GREATEST    MISFORTUNE 

Out  of  all  hardships  and  losses  suffered,  there  is  one  mishap  Mr. 
Mouw  has  not  forgotten  or  forgiven.  So  determined  was  he  to  show  his 
contemporaries  that  the  big  hog  was  the  real  hog,  he  staked  all  in  fitting 
a  herd  of  thirty-three  head  for  the  State  fair  in  1897,  and  by  a  mishap 
in  not  getting  the  entries  made  in  time,  he  was  not  permitted  to  compete 
for  the  prizes.  This  so  unstrung  him,  and  with  the  lack  of  general 
popularity  for  his  type  of  hogs,  he  was  discouraged  beyong  reconcilia- 
tion, returning  home  with  the  entire  thirty-three  head,  and  he  has  never 
shown  hogs  at  his  State  fair  or  attended  the  fair  since. 

THE  FIRST  CATALOGED  SALE 

On  November  17,  1897,  was  held  the  first  cataloged  sale  of  Poland 
Chinas  from  the  Mouw  herd.  The  terms  in  his  catalog  read:  "All 
sums  of  $15  and  under,  cash.  On  sum  over  $15,  time  will  be  given  until 
October  1,  1898,  if  desired.  Strangers  will  be  required  to  furnish  ref- 
erence." Two  sales  were  held  in  1898,  a  bred  sow  and  fall  sale.  The 
profits  from  these  helped  to  buy  grain,  as  there  was  no  market  for 
cattle.  On  January  31,  1900,  he  sold  a  drove  of  brood  sows  at  the  State 
fair  grounds,  Springfield,  111.  From  the  Farmer's  Review  we  quote 
the  following:  "The  brood  sow  sale  held  at  Springfield,  111.,  by  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa,  was  fairly  successful.  A  fair  sized  crowd 
was  present.  The  stock  was  something  of  an  oddity  in  that  section  of 
the  country,  being  of  the  exceedingly  large  kind.  Though  in  a  few 
instances  they  lacked  finish,  they  were  remarkable  for  their  size.  There 
were  some  very  good  sows,  which  M'ere  also  very  large.  The  top  sow 
sold  to  Burgess  Bros,  of  Bement,  111.,  at  $53,  on  lot  twelve.  The  entire 
sale  averaged  $25."  Mr.  Mouw  states  that  if  it  had  not  been  for  the  $500 
the  railroad  company  paid  him  for  damaging  his  car  in  transit,  he 
would  have  been  compelled  to  borrow  money  to  return  home. 

While  hogs  were  selling  cheap,  the  cattle  market  began  to  rise,  and 
in  the  spring  of  1900  he  took  seventy-five  head  of  his  pure  bred  Here- 
fords,  of  his  own  breeding,  to  Omaha  and  sold  them  at  auction.  The 
sale  was  a  success,  amounting  in  total  to  $9700  clear  to  Mr.  Mouw.  All 
of  this  went  to  wipe  out  the  indebtedness  on  the  farm. 


PETER  MOUW  AND  THIRTY-FIVE  YEARS  OF  BIG  TYPES  97 

GREAT  BOARS  IN  HIS  HERD 

Longfellow  38611,  farrowed  October  21,  1891,  bred  by  L.  D.  Stone, 
Madison,  Wis.,  sold  to  Peter  Mouw  May  9,  1898,  was  a  wonderful  big 
boar,  weighing,  as  Mr.  Mouw  says,  over  1100  pounds.  Unfortunately, 
he  only  had  a  few  sows  mated  to  him  when  he  died.  In  loading  the 
boar  in  a  wagon  to  take  him  to  the  county  fair,  a  large  sow  accidently 
got  in  the  wagon  and  jammed  the  old  boar  until  he  died.  The  great 
breeding  boars,  Longfellow  2d  and  Longfellow  3d,  were  sons  of  this 
wonderful  breeding  boar. 

Among  the  great  boars  owned  or  bred  by  Peter  Mouw,  the  greatest 
is  Chief  Price  61861,  a  grand  grandson  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579.  This 
bpar  was  bred  and  sold  in  dam  by  Peter  Mouw.  In  the  fall  of  1901 
he  traded  a  fall  yearling  boar,  weighing  over  500  pounds,  for  Chief 


Price,  and  it  was  in  his  hands  this  boar  began  achieving  the  distinction 
of  being  the  "father"  of  the  big  types. 

In  1902  Mr.  Mouw  showed  his  hogs  at  the  Illinois  State  fair  and  the 
International  Livestock  show.  The  herd  boar  was  Chief  Price,  weighing 
1005  pounds.  Among  the  sows  was  Molly  King,  a  wonderful  sow,  weigh- 
ing 900  pounds.  They  were  too  big  for  the  judge  at  the  Illinois  State 
fair,  states  Mr.  Mouw,  so  after  several  flat  turn-downs  in  the  show  ring, 
he  stayed  at  the  pens  and  began  to  sell  hogs,  and  that  night  he  slept 
happily  with  $1100  worth  of  hogs  sold  and  the  money  in  his  "jeans." 

In  1904  he  made  his  final  exhibit  of  hogs  at  the  World's  fair,  St. 
Louis.  The  main  herd  boar  was  Long  Wonder  85533,  a  son  of  the 
famous  Surprise  Wonder  4th  59693,  and  the  sire  of  the  celebrated  A 
Wonder  107353  A,  47460  S.  The  sow  herd  was  the  strongest,  having  in 
it  two  two-year-old  sows,  one  weighing,  Mr.  Mouw  says,  over  900  and  the 
other  over  800;  also  one  yearling  sow  weighing  over  700  pounds,  after 


08  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

having  raised  a  spring  litter.  This  sow,  Mr.  Mouw  says,  was  the  best  sow 
he  ever  raised.  She  was  sold  to  a  Texas  breeder  for  .'p22.'^.  In  speaking 
about  the  worth  of  this  exhibit  to  his  sales  value,  Mr.  Mouw  says  that 
in  all  the  showing  of  his  hogs,  there  never  was  such  an  interested  crowd 
as  at  St.  Louis. 

Chief  Price  61861  lived  to  be  a  very  old  hog,  and  did  much  to  keep 
the  immense  size  and  finish  in  the  herd.  Surprise  Wonder  4th  59693,  a 
grandson  of  Surprise  28007,  was  an  invincible  producer.  Orange  Chief 
82233,  by  Chief  Price  61861  and  out  of  a  $225  sow  sold  to  a  Texas 
breeder,  was  also  an  outstanding  sire.  Chief  Price  2d  93149,  Long- 
fellow 119997,  Square  Jumbo,  Smooth  Jumbo,  Longfellow  Jr,  Black  Big 
Jumbo,  Chief  Jumbo  2d,  Black  Big  Bone,  Mouw's  Orange,  Mouw's  King 
Jones,  Iowa  King,  Gerstdale  Jones  244187,  Big  Bone  137161  and  Big 
Jumbo  153879  made  history  for  this  herd.  The  last  three  boars,  Mr. 
Mouw  says,  were  his  real  outstanding  sensational  herd  boars,  after 
Chief  Price. 

The  majority  of  these  he  bred  and  raised,  while  others  came  directly 
from  his  stock.  The  greatest  boar  ever  purchased,  Mr.  Mouw  says,  was 
Gerstdale  Jones,  bought  for  $400,  and  after  using  him  in  the  herd  for  a 
short  time,  sold  him  for  $6600.  Big  Bone  was  sold  to  J.  H.  Wintermute, 
and  was  an  outstanding  sire  of  sows.  Chief  Price  2d  was  sold  to  M.  P. 
Hancher,  and  did  lots  to  produce  the  large,  easy  feeding  Poland  Chinas 
in  his  herd.  Big  Jumbo  153789,  farrowed  March,  1909,  sire  Big  Bone 
137161,  out  of  a  daughter  of  the  old  Chief  Price,  was  at  the  head  of  the 
Mouw  herd  for  a  number  of  years,  and  in  speaking  of  him  Mr.  Mouw 
says  that  no  other  boar  outside  of  Chief  Price  was  so  valuable  a  breeder 
as  Big  Jumbo. 

The  breeders  of  the  "hot  bloods"  used  to  advise  Mr.  Mouw  to  secure 
one  of  their  boars  to  cross  on  his  big  ones  to  get  a  better  hog.  Just  to 
show  them  what  a  failure  it  would  be  he  paid  $50  for  an  extreme  "hot 
blood"  boar,  and  bred  him  to  the  largest  sow  he  had  on  the  farm.  The 
result  was  a  litter  of  two  pigs.  The  boar  was  so  distasteful  to  Mr.  Mouw 
that  he  sold  him  within  three  weeks  after  he  bought  him  to  a  man  at 
Iowa  City,  Iowa.  The  boar  died  and  Mr.  Mouw  gave  the  fellow,  as  he 
says,  a  real  boar.    The  twin  pigs  were  sold  in  his  sale  that  fall. 

In  speaking  about  the  fun  breeders  of  "hot  bloods"  used  to  have 
with  him,  he  tells  about  a  breeder  at  a  fair  who  said,  "Peter,  your  hogs' 
ears  are  too  large,  they  should  have  small  ears  like  our  hogs."  There 
was  a  small  boy  standing  near  Mr.  Mouw,  and  reaching  over,  he  took 
off  the  boy's  hat,  placing  it  upon  his  own  head.  "Now,"  he  said,  "that 
would  be  the  way  my  big  hogs  would  look  with  little  ears." 

SUCCESSFUL  SALES 

Seldom  did  a  year  go  by  without  at  least  one  sale  of  hogs  from  this 
herd.  Somebody  bought  them,  and  up  until  1906  the  "somebody"  was 
usually  his  local  farmer  neighbors.  But,  all  of  a  sudden,  the  breeders 
began  to  flock  to  his  herd  and  buy  hogs  right  and  left,  and  from  1908  to 
this  date  there  has  been  no  question  as  to  whether  his  sale  would  be  a 
success;  it  was  more  of  a  question  if  he  would  have  enough  to  go  around. 

Like  any  business  man,  he  increased  his  herd  and  has  had  as  high  as 
eight  and  nine  herd  boars  on  the  farm  at  one  time.    Cholera  would  creep 


PETER  MOUVV  AND  THIRTY-FIVE  YEARS  OF  BIG  TYPES  99 

into  the  herd  once  in  a  while,  destroy  a  great  part  of  the  herd,  yet  he 
kept  on.  He  was  now  reaping  the  harvest  of  the  many  years  of  hard 
labor,  during  the  time  he  stuck  to  the  big  hogs,  when  nobody  seemed  to 
want  them  and  very  few  would  buy  them.  The  remarkable  returns  he 
has  been  able  to  get  for  his  perseverance  and  adherence  to  one  fixed 
idea  has  been  because  of  the  fact  that,  when  hog  men  became  disgusted 
with  the  small,  fine  bone  kind  and  turned  to  look  for  more  size,  Mr. 
Mouw  had  it  to  much  greater  degree  than  anybody  else,  and  he  has  been 
able  to  cash  in  handsomely  on  his  lifetime  idea. 

In  1913  cholera  besieged  the  herd  again,  and  Mr.  Mouw  decided  to 
vaccinate.  Since  that  time  every  animal  has  been  vaccinated  to  keep 
the  herd  immune. 

The  fall  sale  of  1917  averaged  $308  on  104  head,  and  $450  on  the  bred 
sow  sale  in  February,  1918,  thus  showing  the  popularity  and  demand  for 
his  type  of  hogs. 

TWO  TRIPS  BACK  TO  HOLLAND 

In  1908  Mr.  Mouw  and  his  faithful,  hard-working  wife  decided  they 
were  entitled  to  a  little  rest,  so  they  took  a  trip  across  the  waters  to 
their  native  country,  Holland.  They  were  gone  some  little  time,  as  they 
need  not  worry  about  debts  or  the  farm.  Stephen  De  Jong,  their  son- 
in-law,  was  a  partner  in  the  firm  and  cared  for  their  interests  at  home. 
Tn  1913  Mr.  Mouw  made  the  trip  again,  accompanied  by  his  brother,  at 
this  time  touring  no  little  in  the  countries  adjoining  Holland. 

There  have  been  many  stories  current  that  he  always  kept  his  money 
hid  in  the  cellar  or  on  the  farm,  preferring  not  to  trust  it  in  a  bank  or 
in  bonds.  Answering  this,  Mr.  Mouw  says  he  never  had  enough  to  bank, 
as  it  took  all  he  could  get  together  to  pay  the  feed  and  hired  help  bills. 
It  is  a  fact,  however,  that  up  until  a  few  years  ago  he  did  keep  it  in 
the  house  in  a  safe,  and  paid  his  bills  all  in  cash.  The  reason  for  this  was 
through  the  failure  of  one  of  the  local  banks  in  1900,  when  he  had  the 
total  receipts  of  his  cattle  sale,  $9700,  on  deposit,  awaiting  maturity  of 
the  mortgage  on  his  farm.  Fortunately  Mr.  Mouw  had  withdrawn  the 
entire  amount  just  before  the  failure,  although  many  others  lost  their 
life  earnings.  Since  the  banks  have  state  guarantee  of  deposits,  he  has 
banked  every  cent  received  and  pays  all  his  bills  by  check. 

RECEIVES  BLACK  HAND  LETTER 

One  morning  in  January,  1918,  a  letter  was  received  from  the  Black 
Hand,  demanding  $10,000  be  placed  at  a  certain  spot,  or  his  life  and 
property  would  be  destroyed.  Officers  of  the  law  were  put  on  track 
of  the  Black  Hand,  and  Mr.  Mouw  took  to  the  spot  a  leaf  out  of  an  old 
song  book,  with  a  hope  of  showing  the  erring  fellow  the  right  way  to 
live,  but  he  never  came  after  the  money  or  the  song. 

There  is  an  unusual  attachment  to  the  farm  life  for  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Mouw  that  makes  them  feel  more  at  liomc  out  on  the  farm  among  the 
stock  and  household  duties,  and  they  will  never  retire  to  the  spacious 
city  home  they  could  now  well  afford.  They  have  every  comfort  that 
the  city  would  give  them  and  more,  as  a  home  of  happiness  for  them 
would  not  be  complete  without  the  low  of  contented  cattle,  the  squeal 


100  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

of  thrifty  pigs,  and  the  music  of  the  barnyard  fowls,  which  have  all  done 
their  "bits"  in  making  possible  the  comforts  of  their  home. 

America's  possibilities  proven 

In  telling  this  story,  no  thought  has  been  given  to  any  possible  adver- 
tising value  it  may  have.  The  only  endeavor  has  been  to  set  down  the 
facts  of  what  has  certainly  been  a  most  interesting  and  important  career, 
carried  out  so  successfully  by  one  not  any  too  well  equipped  in  the 
beginning  for  work  of  this  kind. 

Undoubtedly  the  most  striking  fact  in  connection  with  it  is  the  con- 
vincing illustration  it  gives  to  the  possibilities  offered  in  America  to 
those  who,  to  its  shores,  endowed  with  pluck,  determination  and  indus- 
try, come.  ~ 

The  work  of  preparation  has  been  not  only  instructive  but  very 
interesting,  as  an  illustration,  not  only  of  the  possibilities  mentioned 
above,  but  also  of  what  the  livestock  business  of  America  holds  in  the 
way  of  interesting  work  and  remunerative  returns,  when  backed  by  the 
fixed  determination  of  such  men  as  Peter  Mouw.  While  the  hog  business 
gave  much  to  him,  yet  Mr.  Mouw  certainly  has  contributed  important 
and  far-reaching  things  to  the  hog  business,  and  particularly  to  his 
favorite  breed,  and  the  reward  he  secured  for  this  great  work  was 
undoubtedly  no  greater  than  he  deserved. 


CHAPTER  XVI 

High  Selling  Poland  Chinas 

Outstanding  sires  or  dams  are  usually  very  scarce  in  any  breed, 
and  as  such  demand  prices  that  oftimes  seem  exhorbitant  and  out  of 
reason.  However,  after  the  boar  or  sow  in  question  has  had  ample 
time  to  prove  their  ability  they  rarely  ever  turn  out  unsatisfactorily  to 
their  purchasers.  There  are  many  instances  where  the  purchase  of  a 
remarkable  sire,  at  what  seemed  a  long  price,  has  proven  to  be  the 
master  stroke  of  a  man's  career,  and  it  is  beyond  question  that  the  failure 
to  own  a  really  good  herd  boar  has  put  more  men  out  of  business  than 
ever  did  the  purchase  of  boars  at  prices  that  were  too  high.  The  real 
tragedies  of  the  Poland  China  business  have  in  many  cases  resulted  in 
the  buying,  at  an  extravagant  price,  boars  whose  reputation  had  been 
built  entirely  upon  show  ring  record,  or  because  of  certain  lines  of 
breeding,  or  because  of  the  reputation  of  the  man  who  owned  him. 

It  is  safe  to  say  that  the  man  who  purchases  a  boar  to  head  his  herd, 
with  the  view  in  mind  of  first  improving  his  herd,  and  second,  for  the 
advertising,  usually  lasts  longer  in  the  business  than  the  one  who 
reverses  the  program.  There  have  been  many  notable  instances  where 
price  received  more  attention  and  mention  than  any  other  feature  of  the 
herd,  and  when  practiced  by  too  many  breeders  the  result  has  been  that 
the  breed  has  made  no  real  progress  so  far  as  the  production  of  better 
hogs.  In  other  words,  history  shows  that  the  greatest  strides  to  real 
breed  perfection  has  been  accomplished  during  the  years  when  little 
was  heard  of  prices. 

The  breeders  in  the  seventies  rarely  kept  a  boar  longer  than  for  two 
crops  of  pigs,  and  yet  in  spite  of  the  moderate  prices  received,  the 
business  was  profitable.  In  the  eighties  the  business  took  on  new  life, 
when  old  Tecumseh  4339  was  sold  for  two  hundred  dollars.  He  had 
proven  a  wonderful  sire,  perhaps  the  greatest  sire  for  the  number  of 
years  in  service  as  any  boar  of  the  breed,  and  there  is  no  question  but 
that  the  purchaser  had  this  in  mind  in  selecting  this  grand  old  boar  to 
head  his  herd. 

In  1889  King  Tecumseh  11793,  said  to  be  the  greatest  son  of  old 
Tecumseh,  was  sold  to  C.  A.  Marsh,  Jesup,  Iowa,  for  $500,  and  was 
exhibited  the  same  year  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  weighing  in  ordinary 
flesh  over  eight  hundred  pounds.  In  1892  the  sale  of  Black  U.  S.  18345  to 
W.  Z.  Swallow,  Boonville,  Iowa,  for  $500  created  quite  a  stir  in  Poland 
Chinadom.  The  boar  had  made  a  national  reputation,  but  high  prices 
were  very  much  out  of  order  and  could  not  be  believed.  The  first 
attempt  to  make  real  advertising  value  out  of  a  high  price  paid  was  on 
George  Wilkes  14487,  selling  to  J.  H.  Bebout,  Rushville,  Ind.,  in  the  fall 
of  1889  for  $625.  The  leading  papers  were  strong  in  their  criticism,  as 
were  also  the  breeders,  but  the  boar  made  good  for  Bebout,  and  demon- 
strated to  the  public  that  a  real  breeding  boar's  worth  cannot  be  esti- 


102 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


mated.  George  Wilkes  was  a  son  of  King  Tecumseh.  He  later  sold  to 
Cantrall  &  Garrett,  Waynesville,  111.,  for  $750  in  the  Bebout  closing  out 
sale. 

Happy  Medium  19913  sold  as  a  pig  to  D.  C.  Miller,  Vermillion,  S.  D., 
for  $300.  He  was  a  full  brother  to  George  Wilkes,  and  no  doubt  it  was 
for  this  reason  that  he  demanded  so  large  a  price,  but  the  boar  made 
good  in  the  herd  of  Miller,  producing  the  boar,  Happy  Union,  that  sold  to 
a  syndicate  of  breeders  for  $4000.  This  later  transaction  happened  in 
1897,  the  sensational  "price"  year  of  the  business  up  to  that  time.  It  was 
this  same  year  that  the  Klever's  Model  syndicate  was  formed  and  pur- 
chased what  was  supposed  to  be  Klever's  Model  for  $5100.    This  resulted 


The  Pickett  323529 
By  Oranye  Boy  230161 

in  what  was  undoubtedly  the  most  remarkable  lawsuit  the  hog  business 
ever  saw,  over  the  identity  of  a  hog,  which  spelled  disaster  to  everyone 
connected  with  it. 

Other  notable  sales  during  1897  were  as  follows :  Big  Chief  Tecumseh 
2d  to  S.  E.  Shellenberger,  Somerville,  Ohio,  for  $681 ;  Old  Look  Out  to 
McQuiston  Bros.,  Gerlaw,  111.,  for  $1600.  A  group  of  Stanberry,  Mo., 
breeders  organized  as  the  Look  Me  Over  Breeding  association  and 
purchased  Look  Me  Over  19417  for  $3600.  The  climax  was  reached  in  the 
sale  of  breeding  interests  in  Chief  Perfection  2d,  by  Lukens  &  Fites, 
Disko,  Ind.,  which  was  totaled  to  be  $40,000.  The  whole  transaction 
was  not  a  satisfactory  one  from  any  standpoint. 

There  was  a  decided  lull  in  the  high  prices  for  a  few  years,  and 
breeders  were  more  than  careful  in  making  purchases  to  assure  their  not 
losing  by  the  transaction.  Among  such  precautions  were  carefully  drawn 
contracts,  based  upon  a  guarantee  that  the  boar  would  live  three  months, 
and  prove  to  be  a  reasonably  sure  breeder.  In  case  the  boar  failed  as 
a  breeder  the  breeding  service  was  one  hundred  dollars  each,  for  the 
sows  that  might  have  proved  safe.  Among  the  boars  sold  this  way  were 
Chief  Sunshine  2d  75587,  and  Impudence  97557,  the  latter  being  the 
Iowa  State  grand  champion  in  1905. 


HIGH  SELLING  POLAND  CHINAS  103 

Nineteen  hundred  five  brought  out  a  few  high  seHing  boars,  among 
them  being  Keep  On  61015,  a  champion  of  the  International  Livestock 
show;  Spellbinder  93317,  a  winner  at  Iowa;  Regulator  96255,  champion 
of  Illinois  1905,  selling  for  !f;2500;  On  the  Dot  106355,  the  1906  Illinois 
champion,  a  half  interest  was  sold  for  .')i2500;  Meddler,  the  grand  cham- 
pion of  the  world's  fair,  St.  Louis,  1904,  was  sold  for  $3000  to  E.  H. 
Ware,  Douglas,  111.  On  the  boar's  reputation  Ware  made  a  sensational 
bred  sow  sale  the  next  winter.  Later  a  half  interest  in  Meddler  was 
sold  for  $3000  to  Hebber  &  Roy,  Peck,  Kas. 

High  selling  litters  came  very  much  in  style  in  1906,  and  for  a  few 
years  were  the  featuring  spot  lights  of  the  breed.  Among  these  we  men- 
tion a  few  to  show  the  prices  paid.  November  20,  1906,  B.  F.  Reid, 
Veedersburg,  Ind.,  sold  a  highly  advertised  litter  for  $3900.  Among 
these  was  the  sensational  boar  Home  Run  115555.  On  December  20,  1906, 


just  a  month  later,  occurred  the  sensational  sale  of  Frank  Winn  and  E.  H. 
Ware,  when  sons  of  Meddler  and  Meddler  2d  sold  at  dazzlingly  high 
prices.  Among  these  were  Jubilee  123333,  an  April  pig,  selling  for  $2000; 
Voter  133333,  selling  for  $1600.  The  climax  for  high  litter  selling  was 
reached  in  the  Goodrich  sale,  Eldon,  Mo.,  when  a  spring  litter  sold  in 
October  for  $13,600.  The  litter  was  by  Chief  Perfection  2d,  and  out  of 
Cute  Keep  On,  a  little  sister  to  On  &  On,  both  being  by  Keep  On.  The 
top  pig  was  Ten  Strike,  selhng  for  $5025. 

The  entire  business  was  so  out  of  proportion  to  values  that  a  quick 
ending  was  not  a  surprise,  which  came  about  1908.  The  sales  from 
here  on  were  very  slow  and  within  reason,  largely  due  to  the  lessening 
of  popularity  for  the  "hot  bloods,"  and  the  changing  over  to  the  "big 
types."  Nothing  sensational  happened  to  mar  the  horizon  until  Feb- 
ruary of  1910,  when  Henry  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  paid  the  record 
price  of  $360  for  A  Wonder.  This  gave  the  "big  type"  a  wonderful 
impetus,  and  because  the  boar  was  a  great  breeder,  and  the  man  who 
owned  him  a  genius  in  advertising,  the  transaction  was  very  successful. 

Big  Price  73212  sold  by  T.  W.  Cavett,  Phillips,  Neb.,  to  W.  J.  Graham, 


J04  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  October  27,  1915,  for  $1000.  This  boar  had  won 
first  in  class  at  the  Nebraska  State  fair  and  grand  champion  of  the 
Kansas  State  fair,  the  fall  of  1915.  The  price  given  had  only  been 
reached  but  once  up  to  this  time,  but  was  generally  approved  by  the 
public.    The  seller  advertised  the  sale  with  a  picture  of  the  check. 

Grand  Master  67666  sold  to  W.  A.  Leet,  Omaha,  Neb.,  December  1, 
1915,  for  $2500.  This  boar  was  included  with  the  entire  herd  of  F.  H. 
Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa,  and  the  boar's  value  fixed  as  $2500. 

The  next  "high  light"  that  attracted  marked  attention  was  the  sale 
of  King  Joe  251257  in  March,  1916,  to  W.  B.  Wallace,  Bruceton,  Mo.,  for 
$1250,  and  afterwards  selling  as  a  five  year  old  to  Bert  Harriman  for 
$3500.  Both  transactions  were  more  than  successful.  Nineteen  hundred 
seventeen  brought  out  a  great  many  high  selling  boars  and  boar  pigs. 
Records  were  smashed  every  few  weeks.  Chief  Defender's  Choice 
292069  set  a  high  mark  for  an  eight  month  old  pig,  selling  for  $2250 
at  public  auction.  Buster's  Giant  310667,  another  boar  pig,  sold  for 
$2000,  both  boars  going  to  R.  A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla.,  Severe's  Big 
Timm  252065  selling  to  R.  A.  Welch  for  $2500. 

Perhaps  the  most  sensational  sale  of  1917  was  Gerstdale  Jones  244187 
from  Peter  Mouw  to  Carter  &  VanDeventer,  Mexico,  Mo.,  the  price  being 
$6600.  This  stirred  the  entire  country  and  the  new  firm  made  a  sensa- 
tional sale  on  sows  bred  to  this  boar  the  following  February,  averaging 
$683.  Nineteen  hundred  eighteen  was  equally  as  important  for  record 
smashers,  two  sales  especially  jarred  the  entire  country,  when  Liberator 
sold  as  a  six  months'  old  pig  to  L.  H.  Glover.  Grandview.  Mo.,  for  $3000, 
and  Col.  Jack  selling  to  Paul  Wagner  for  $10,200.  The  latter  boar  was 
first  in  his  class  at  the  Iowa  State  fair,  1918,  being  defeated  for  grand 
championship.  The  record  fall  sale  average  was  established  by  L.  H. 
Glover  on  November  16,  1918,  and  was  only  bettered  by  his  sale  on  Octo- 
ber 13,  1919,  when  an  average  of  over  $1200  per  head  for  forty  spring 
pigs  was  obtained. 

Boar  prices  mounted  still  higher,  and  the  sale  of  Evolution  to  a 
syndicate  for  the  price  of  $25,200  brought  out  a  great  deal  of  adverse 
criticism.  Later,  Mabel's  Jumbo  244031  sold  to  Henry  Hey,  Polo,  111., 
for  $18,000  in  public  auction,  after  breeders  had  volunteered  to  deliver 
twenty-three  sows  to  be  bred  to  the  boar,  Halford  &  Hassler,  the  sellers, 
agreeing  to  take  ten  of  the  services  at  $500  each.  This  transaction  also 
called  forth  a  great  deal  of  criticism,  the  breed  papers  calling  the  breeders 
to  task  for  sales  that  were  otherwise  than  made  upon  sane  and  profitable 
basis. 

Prior  to  the  sale  of  Mabel's  Jumbo,  the  noted  boar.  The  Clansman 
92964,  the  sire  of  Liberator  and  Designer,  was  sold  to  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr., 
Lake  Geneva,  Wis.,  for  $15,000.  Breeders  did  not  question  this  sale,  as 
they  realized  the  boar  being  the  sire  of  two  noted  boars,  and  selling  to  a 
millionaire,  could  be  made  pay  out.  At  the  close  of  the  year  1919, 
Designer  93699  was  sold  by  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Neb.,  to  D.  C. 
Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence,  Neb.,  for  $30,000.  This  boar  was  the  first  to 
command  as  much  as  $1000  for  a  single  breeding  service. 

Nineteen  hundred  nineteen  was  a  record  selling  year.  Many  sensa- 
tional prices  were  paid,  among  which  arc  the  following: 

Harrison's  Big  Bob  sold  to  C.  C.  Potter,  Pattonsburg,  Mo.,  for  $10,100. 


HIGH  SELLING  POLAND  CHINAS  105 

Wonder  Buster  sold  to  Head  &  Gray,  Palmyra,  Mo.,  for  $10,200. 

The  Yankee  298157,  sold  to  W.  H.  Ellsworth  &  Sons,  Goldfield,  Iowa, 
for  $40,000. 

The  Pickett  325529,  sold  to  Tow  Bros.,  Norway,  Iowa,  with  a  herd  of 
sows  for  $104,000.    The  Pickett  was  listed  as  $60,000. 

Dunndale  Pilot  329667,  sold  to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  for 
$50,000. 

With  January,  1920,  began  a  new  series  of  sale  record  smashes.  The 
notable  sale  of  Fashion  Girl  219444,  the  dam  of  Liberator  and  Designer, 
sold  at  public  auction  in  the  L.  H.  Glover  sale  for  $17,200,  selling  to  F.  R. 
McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.  This  sale  made  an  average  of  $3,112.00 
per  head  on  the  catalogued  offering,  being  a  record  far  in  excess  of 
anything  like  it.  The  evening  of  the  same  day  Model  Giantess  3d  683068, 
the  second  prize  aged  sow  at  the  1919  National  Swine  show,  was  sold  to 
Colvert  Bros.,  Oxford,  Ind.,  carrying  a  litter  by  Liberator,  for  $11,300. 

Columbian  Giant  374229  sold  to  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
during  the  summer  of  1920,  at  private  sale  for  $20,000.  Peter  the  Great, 
a  little  brother,  sold  one-half  interest  to  L.  H.  Glover  and  Belvidere 
Farms,  Grandview,  Mo.,  for  $5000,  the  owner  of  the  other  one-half 
refusing  to  sell  for  $12,500;  Checkers  110686  selling  to  Jim  Bloemendaal, 
Alton,  Iowa,  for  $20,000. 

Kramer's  Kind  219443,  the  dam  of  The  Clansman,  the  sire  of  Liberator 
and  Designer,  sold  with  a  litter  of  ten  pigs  at  side  by  Hoosier  Bill  110345, 
to  Arlington  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  for  $14,600,  September  10.  1920. 


CHAPTER  XVII 


Fecundity  and  Prolificacy 


If  we  were  to  suggest  any  one  criticism  that  has  done  more  to  harm 
the  progress  of  the  Poland  Chinas,  it  would  be  on  prolificacy.  No  doubt, 
some  of  the  accusations  were  just,  but  for  the  most  part,  they  were 
erroneous  and  unfounded. 

We  have  previously  called  your  attention  to  the  large  litters  pro- 
duced during  the  early  years  of  the  breed's  history.  Litters  of  seven  to 
eleven  were  no  uncommon  thing,  and  litters  of  even  larger  number, 
which  would  indicate  very  nmch  the  opposite  of  a  lack  in  fecundity. 

During  the  years  of  the  demand  for  a  smaller,  finer  hog,  this  partic- 
ular qualification  suffered  in  proportion  to  other  essentials,  and  there 


Dij  Giniit  Blister  .'l«M7.     Dam  MolUc  W.  70J6W.     One  of  the  Prciiiier 
Daughters  of  •The  Epoch  Maker" 

is  no  question  but  that  tlie  small  sows  would  not  produce  very  large 
litters.  But  we  would  not  have  you  draw  a  conclusion  detrimental  to 
the  fecundity  and  prolificacy  of  the  breed,  for  certainly  they  could  not 
be  judged  by  the  idea  of  man  as  to  style. 

Since  the  breeders  began  to  produce  more  size  in  their  hogs,  there 
lias  been  no  room  for  criticism,  as  the  sows  farrowed  large  litters,  and 
in  many  cases  too  many  to  properly  handle.  It  is  a  well  known  fact 
that  in  most  every  breed  the  sows  usually  farrow  more  pigs  than  are 
profitable  to  attempt  to  raise. 

Investigations  of  several  hundred  herds,  covering  a  number  of  years, 
shows  an  average  number  of  pigs  farrowed  i)cr  sow  was  nine  and  three- 
fourths.  The  report  mentioned  litters  of  twelve,  thirteen,  fourteen, 
fifteen  and  as  high  as  eighteen  pigs.    One  of  the  leading  breed  papers 


FECUNDITY  AND  PROLIFICACY  107 

carried  on  a  similar  investigation  with  as  satisfactory  results,  reporting 
the  average  of  nine  per  litter. 

With  little  attention  and  treatment  the  Poland  China  sow  as  a 
mother  is  the  equal  of  any  and  the  superior  of  the  great  majority  as  a 
producer  and  suckler  of  good  sized  litters  of  pigs  of  uniform  character. 
She  seldom  farrows  an  unthrifty  pig  and  a  runt  in  the  Htter  is  an 
exception. 

Frequently  is  a  litter  of  Poland  Chinas  farrowed  in  the  spring,  driven 
into  the  ring  of  a  fall  sale,  weighing  over  a  ton.  Therefore,  the  Poland 
China  sow  is  the  best  mother,  because  she  produces  good  pork  the  most 
rapidly  and  economically. 


,ADY  CLAN  :i:;7569 
I   92964      A    Sow  Possessing    Great 
Outstanding  as  an  Individual  and 
Producer 


CHAPTER  XVIII 

Poland  China  as  a  Feeder  and  Lard  Producer 

1  HE  Poland  China  for  feeding  and  fattening  is  the  most  popular  ot 
all  breeds.  They  have  immense  size,  mature  early  and  finish  quickly  on 
a  given  amount  of  grain.  Even  as  early  as  1870  this  claim  was  made 
for  them.  According  to  a  report  given  by  Hon.  L.  N.  Bonham,  of  Ohio,  a 
leading  authoritj'  on  livestock  questions.     He  says: 

To  show  that  the  Poland  China  had,  in  1870,  attained  unsurpassed 
excellence  in  their  readiness  to  fatten  at  any  age,  and  their  rapid  growth, 
we  quote  the  weights  of  two  lots  of  pigs,  fattened  when  eleven  months 
old: 

One  lot  of  30  averaged 384        pounds 

One  lot  of  10  averaged 410        pounds 

One  lot  of  38  averaged 528.89  pounds 

One  lot  of    2  averaged 719       pounds 

The  net  average  of  this  last  lot  of  forty  pigs  was  531  pounds. 
The  change  in  the  market  from  a  larger,  older  type  of  hog  to  the 
smaller,  younger  shoat,  weighing  around  225  pounds,  the  Poland  China 
has  been  the  leading  element  in  meeting  the  new  demand.     On  every 


First  Prize  Pen  of  Barrows  Under  IS  Months,  International'Stock  Show,  Chicago,  1920 
Exhibited  by  University  of  Illinois 

market  the  major  receipts  of  killers  are  of  the  Poland  China  blood, 
either  pure  bred  or  crossed  with  other  breeds.  Many  important  feeders 
claim  they  cross  their  hogs  with  a  Poland  China  boar  to  get  the  early 
maturing  qualities,  and  it  may  be  admitted  for  size  also.  As  lard 
producers  the  Poland  China  cannot  be  excelled.  Their  ability  to  lay  on 
flesh  rapidly,  naturally  makes  them  a  lard  producing  animal,  and  to 
fatten  easily  is  to  fatten  economically. 

For  several  years  leading  shows  and  expositions  have  offered  large 
premiums  on  fat  hogs,  both  as  individuals  and  dress  percentages.    These 


POLAND  CHINA  AS  A  FEEDER  AND  LARD  PRODUCER  100 

contests  have  been  held  from  Maine  to  California,  with  the  final  and 
tribunal  contest  at  the  International  Livestock  show  held  each  year, 
since  1904,  in  Chicago.  All  breeds  are  judged  separately  for  champion- 
ships, single  barrow  and  pens,  and  then  are  brought  together  for  best 
barrow  and  pen  of  barrows  over  all  breeds  and  cross  breeds.  The 
following  list  of  winners  over  all  breeds  should  be  evidence  conclusive 
of  the  superiority  of  the  Poland  China. 

1904— Poland  China,  exhibited  by  W.  H.  Sibbitt,  Pence,  Ind. 

1905 — Hampshire,  exhibited  by  E.  C.  Stone,  Armstrong,  111. 

1906— Yorkshire,  exhibited  by  Thos.  Canfield,  Lake  Park,  Minn. 

1907 — Grade,  exhibited  by  Goodwine  &  Goodenough,  Pontiac,  111. 

1908 — Polar^d  China,  exhibited  by  Iowa  State  College,  Ames,  Iowa. 

1909— Poland  China,  exhibited  by  Jno.  Francis  &  Son,  New  Lenox,  111. 

•1910- Berkshire,  exhibited  by  Sheffield  Farms,  Glendale,  Ohio. 

i911— Chester  White,  exhibited  by  J.  W.  Brendell,  Zionsville,  Ind. 

1912— Polai^d  China,  exhibited  by  Jno.  Francis  &  Son,  New  Lenox,  111. 

1913 — Poland  China,  exhibited  by  Jno.  Francis  &  Son,  New  Lenox,  111. 

1914 — Poland  China,  exhibited  by  Howard  B.  Francis,  New  Lenox,  111. 

1915 — Show  called  off,  due  to  foot  and  mouth  disease. 

1916 — Show  called  off,  due  to  foot  and  mouth  disease. 

1917 — Berkshire,  exhibited  by  Hood  Farms,  Lowell,  Mass. 

1918 — Pol^i^d  China,  exhibited  by  Iowa  State  College,  Ames,  Iowa. 

^1919— Poland    China,    exhibited    by    Missouri    State    College,    Co- 
lumbia, Mo. 

-1920— Poland  China,  Pen  of  Barrows,  by  Oklahoma  State  College, 
Stillwater,  Oklahoma. 


Big  Bob  Orphan  11  li: 
Nolcd  Show  mid  Brrerling  Boa 
late,  1019,  and  Grand  Chainpior 


CHAPTER  XIX 

Important  Brood  Sows  and  Their  Influence  on  Breed  Building 

1  HE  underlying  success  of  any  nation  lies  in  the  quality  of  the  woman- 
hood. Men  may  be  born  great  or  achieve  greatness,  yet  neither  without 
the  aid  and  influence  of  a  mother,  whose  life,  whether  a  leader  before 
the  public  or  a  common,  unnoticed  existence,  has  given  her  best-  in  the 
production. 

Animal  life  is  no  exception.  Through  selection  the  breeds  have  made 
their  greatest  strides  to  improvement,  and  by  the  use  of  the  pedigree, 
man  has  had  even  greater  advantages  toward  a  logical  selection  than 
otherwise.    Boars  that  have  been  born  great  are  few  and  far  between. 


Miss   Highland   267922 

By   Highland    Giant    inisri    by    The   Giant.      Dam    by    Giant   Buster. 

Wonderful  Individual  in  Type,  as  Well  as  Producer.     Was   Top  Sow 

of  Indiana,  1919 

but  boars  who  have  achieved  greatness  are  many,  and  the  striking  facts 
are  that  few  were  from  sows  of  other  than  the  practical  utility  kind. 

In  the  beginning  of  Poland  China  historj',  it  was  the  pedigree  of  a 
sow  that  was  first  written.  Much  was  said  as  to  her  dam,  while  com- 
paratively little  was  said  of  the  sire.  The  Old  Harkrader  sow  was  the 
basis  of  pure  lineage,  and  the  breeders  for  many  years  demanded  that 
their  pedigrees  be  traced  back  to  this  sow,  which  is  attested  by  the 
pedigrees  recorded  in  the  first  few  volumes  of  each  record  association. 

Among  the  first  "strains"  of  outstanding  families  in  the  Poland 
Chinas,  after  the  Old  Harkrader  sow,  was  the  Black  Bess  family,  known 
as  winners  at  a  great  many  of  the  big  shows.  Her  daughters  and  grand- 
daughters were  very  much  in  demand.  Following  her  fame  came  the 
Corwins,  also  noted  as  a  "sow"  producing  family,  adding  ruggedncss  and 
roughness  to  his  get.    Tecumsch  4339,  pre-eminently  the  king  of  sires 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILDING  111 

in  his  day,  became  famous  in  the  production  of  boars,  as  did  his  noted 
son.  Chief  Tecumseh  2d  14579,  while  Black  U.  S.  18345,  a  grandson  of 
Tom  Corwin  2d  2037,  the  only  real  contemporary  of  Chief  Tecumseh  2d 
14579,  was  an  outstanding  sire  of  sows,  and  for  a  great  number  of  years 
the  Black  U.  S.  family  was  very  much  sought  after. 

Wilkes  family,  directly  from  George  Wilkes  and  Guy  Wilkes,  pro- 
duced outstanding  sows,  and  these  sows,  crossed  on  the  sons  of  Chief 
Tecumseh  2d,  produced  very  choice  offspring.  The  Maud  of  Manning 
strain,  produced  in  the  herd  of  T.  J.  Harris,  were  among  the  good  sows 
of  the  early  nineties.  A  number  of  these  were  sold  to  Peter  Mouw,  and 
were  the  foundation  of  his  herd,  and  were  directly  responsible  for  the 
production  of  Chief  Price,  the  "father"  of  the  big  type.  Expansion 
26293,  a  direct  descendant  of  Tom  Corwin  2d,  was  the  sire  of  many  very 
choice  sows,  full  of  quality  and  large  of  frame. 

Several  so-called  medium  type  sows  were  unquestionably  very  pre- 
potent producers,  and  the  families  of  Hulda's,  Gilmore  Slick,  Darkness, 
Pet,  were  in  keen  demand.  Breeders  of  note  have  given  much  credit  to 
the  sow  in  retaining  as  much  size  as  was  maintained  in  the  medium  types. 

Among  the  sows  of  the  past  twenty  years  (1900  to  1920),  there  have 
been  several  who  have  electrified  the  world  by  their  outstanding  ability 
as  producers  of  breed  improvers,  both  male  and  female.  No  doubt,  in 
the  minds  of  a  number  of  our  readers,  sows,  who  are  not  mentioned  in 
this  chapter,  will  be  of  greater  importance  than  some  that  are  herewith 
mentioned,  but  we  are  vain  enough  to  think  that,  after  an  exhaustive 
research  of  the  breed's  greatest  sows,  we  have  nearly  covered  the  more 
important  ones  in  this  review.  We  enlarge  on  these  in  the  giving  of 
extended  pedigrees  to  show  the  reader  the  genealogy  and  character  of 
ancestors  necessary  to  a  successful  producer. 

Giantess  225094  A  (67128)  S,  farrowed  February  16,  1901;  litter,  9. 
Bred  by  H.  H.  Cunningham,  Anamosa,  Iowa;  sold  to  Fred  L.  Bood, 
Clearfield,  Iowa.    Got  by  Nelson  16800,  out  of  Lady  Price  2d  67127. 

/Domino   9169 
\Young  Giantess  21141 
fuitra   11740 

Nelson    IGSOO J  '  ""'"'    "' 1°°'   ^"'''"''   "^64 

Ulysses  Grant   5115  .  |f ""°"''  ^'"^  ""  '^^^ 


Domino   Jr.    11738. 


\Lady  Mustard  2d  10237 

Maggie   21975 /Pattis   Sambo   1637 

(.Beauty   21974 

McKelvie    2056S /McWilkes   9242 

I.,  John   Duffield   32159 


Risky    N.    59736. 


Nelson  16S00 
.Miss  Risky  59735 


{ 

Don    Price    2S326 1  °"«   ^""^   J""-    18"8 

L  Dutchess   of   Early 

{ 


Lady    Price    67126...^  LDutchess   of   Early    67125 

.Cassie   C.    67124. 


Ray  Wilkes   2d  28325 
Prairie   Queen   67120 


Giantess  was  truly  one  of  the  very  greatest  sows  of  the  breed,  very 
large  and  rugged,  yet  possessing  great  breed  character.  Her  offspring 
were  in  very  great  demand,  and  as  producers  carried  the  character  of 
their  dam.  Giantess  produced  her  first  litter  March  10,  1902,  and  her 
last  litter  August  20,  1906.  Her  litters  averaged  in  number  of  pigs 
farrowed,  nine,  ten,  eleven,  twelve,   thirteen.     She  was  mated  to  the 


112  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

following  boars:  Crescent  Tom  31725;  P.  W.  Perfection  58207;  Guy's 
Best  25552;  Longfellow  H  34522;  R's  Pawnee  Lad  3994L  and  Rood's 
Tecumseli  38269.  Perhaps  the  greatest  litter  was  farrowed  September 
20,  1904,  among  them  being  P.  W.'s  Giantess  used  in  the  Pfander  &  Sons 
herd  for  many  years,  and  was  the  da  mof  Long  King's  Equal,  the  greatest 
son  of  Old  Long  King.  It  will  be  noted  in  the  pedigree  of  Giantess  that 
she  is  line  bred,  however  somewhat  removed  from  Nelson  the  sire,  to 
Risky  N,  the  grand  dam  on  the  sire  side  of  the  dam  of  Lady  Price  2d. 
Giantess  was  a  htter  sister  to  Anna  Price,  that  was  one  of  the  great  pro- 
ducing sows  of  the  breed.    She  weighed  920  pounds. 

Mammoth  Giantess  Equal  84552,  farrowed  September  2,  1910;  litter, 
10.  Bred  by  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Got  by  Long  King's 
Equal  177373;  dam.  Mammoth  Giantess  3d  391308. 


C  Long    King    45S37. 


Chief  Price   61S61 
Long   Mollie   1014 


MAMMOTH 
GIANTESS 
EQUAL 


Giantess  6712S. 


Giantess  1th  39505. 


A  line  bred  Giantess  sow,  and  a  producing  sow  of  renown.  Her  iirst 
litter  was  by  A  Wonder  107353;  the  second  by  Big  Joe  200767,  and  the 
third  by  Big  Ben  208905.  It  was  the  third  litter  that  brought  fame  to  this 
sow  and  gave  to  the  world  one  of  the  greatest  families  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  breed  in  many  years.  We  refer  to  Disher's  Giant  240655, 
Hercules  68356  S,  and  Mammoth  Giantess  13th  519358.  Disher's  Giant 
went  east  and  was  the  prime  factor  in  the  great  impetus  of  the  breed 
from  1914  to  1920.  Hercules,  while  not  the  breeding  boar  of  his  litter 
brother,  proved  superior  to  many  boars  of  his  day.  Mammoth  Giantess 
13th  sold  for  the  record  price  of  $3300,  carrying  a  litter  by  the  renowned 
Gerstdale  Jones.  Another  sow  in  this  litter,  known  as  Mammoth  Lady 
547128,  was  sold  to  Fesenmeyer  and  was  one  of  the  great  brood  sows  in 
his  herd.  The  litter  by  A  Wonder  107353  produced  the  great  breeding 
boar  King  of  Wonders  205757,  used  so  successfully  in  the  Pfander  & 
Sons  herd.  The  litter  by  Big  Joe  200767  produced  Pfander's  Giant  219567, 
retained  in  the  Pfander  &  Sons  herd. 

Lady  Lunker  538712  A,  182572  N,  farrowed  February  24,  1911;  litter. 
8.  Bred  by  Wm.  Lentz,  Ankeny,  Iowa;  sold  to  W.  C.  Disher,  New  Weston, 
Ohio,  October  13,  1911;  sold  to  Sol.  L.  Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  March 
29,  1918;  resold  to  Harry  Moore,  Gardner.  Kas.,  January  23,  1920;  resold 
to  H.  C.  Bigelow,  Gardner.  Kas.  Got  by  Big  Crow  162503;  dam.  Black 
Night  394520. 

Lady  Lunker  in  the  herd  of  W.  C.  Disher  proved  one  of  the  breed's 
greatest  brood  sows,  through  her  ability  as  a  producer  of  extra  choice 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILDING  113 

herd  boars  and  as  the  dam  of  Big  Lil  555924,  the  dam  of  Giant  Buster. 
In  the  Disher  herd  she  produced  ten  htters.  She  was  sold  in  the  Sol.  L. 
Leonard  sale  January  23,  1920,  carrying  a  litter  by  W's  Giant  and  far- 
rowed twelve  pigs.    We  list  a  few  of  her  litters. 


fBig  Surprise  144749. 


Date    366544. 


{Miller's 
M.'s   M. 


Up   to   Date   104673. 


LADV    LUNKER 


Model   90421. 


John    L.    Ex. 


I  Giantess  Ex.  355474. 


Litter  farrowed  May  22,  1912;  litter,  9.  Sire,  Big  .Wonder  178565. 
World's  Big  Wonder  233209,  retained  in  the  Disher  herd.  Big  Lil  555924, 
the  dam  of  Giant  Buster. 

Litter  farrowed  March  4,  1914;  Utter,  12.  Sire,  Disher's  Giant  240655. 
Ohio  Giant  245093,  sold  to  J.  L.  Gutshall  &  Sons,  Illinois.  Lunker's  Giant 
294103,  sold  to  A.  S.  Rubey,  Indiana. 

Litter  farrowed  February  23,  1916;  litter,  16.  Sire,  Disher's  Giant 
240655.  Big  Lunker  325221,  sold  to  F.  M.  WiUiams,  Indiana;  resold  to 
Ezra  T.  Warren,  Kansas;  resold  to  A.  V.  Young,  Missouri,  1920.  Morton's 
Giant  323735,  sold  to  George  Morton,  Kansas.  Big  Lunker  2d  334079,  sold 
to  Jno.  A.  Williams,  Ohio. 

Litter  farrowed  October  22,  1916;  Htter,  11.  Sire,  Disher's  Giant 
240655.    Giant  Lunker  310119;  sold  to  H.  R.  Wenrich,  Kansas. 

She  also  farrowed  litters  by  Orange  Giant  270817,  by  Orange  Boy 
230167,  and  by  Disher's  Big  Defender  312379;  bred  by  Disher;  sold  to 
Sol  L.  Leonard,  and  resold  to  Harry  J.  Blackburn,  IlHnois. 

One  of  the  characteristics  of  Lady  Lunker  and  her  get  were  their 
longevity.    At  the  age  of  nine  years  she  farrowed  a  litter. 

Big  Lil  555924  A,  195342  N,  farrowed  May  22, 1912;  litter;  9.  Bred  by 
W.  C.  Disher,  New  Weston,  Ohio;  sold  to  Harry  Moore,  Gardner,  Kas., 
February  15, 1918.  Got  by  Big  Wonder  178565;  dam.  Lady  Lunker  538712. 

Big  Lil,  as  the  dam  of  Giant  Buster,  the  "Epoch  Maker,"  gained  no 
little  fame,  and  as  the  dam  of  many  other  noted  boars  her  name  has 
become  a  household  word,  being  admired  and  praised  for  her  many 
productions.  Her  sire,  Big  Wonder,  was  sold  to  Edward  Hickey, 
Nebraska,  when  at  the  age  of  five  years  for  $800.  A  list  of  several  of  her 
great  productions  will  be  a  testimony  to  her  greatness. 

Litter  farrowed  February  25,  1914;  litter,  12;  Sire,  Disher's  Giant 
240655.  Giant  Buster  240657,  sold  to  Williams,  Wilhams  &  Spurling, 
Indiana.    Giant  Buster  2d  255311,  sold  to  Jas.  H.  Williams,  Indiana. 

Litter  farrowed  October  2,  1914;  Htter,  12.  Sire,  Disher's  Giant 
240655.  Denny's  Giant  268493,  sold  to  Geo.  M.  Denny,  Ohio.  Big  Lil  3d 
648896,  sold  to  Arvel  Flora,  Indiana.    Buster's  Sister  669982,  sold  to  Jno. 


114 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


N.  Sicks  &  Son,  Iiuliiyia.    Lil  Dislicr  684944,  sold  to  W.  F.  Kerlin,  Indiana. 
Big  Lil  2d  688386,  sold  to  W.  F.  Kcrlin,  Indiana. 

Litter  farrowed  February  12,  1916;  litter,  12.     Sire,  Disher's  Giant 
240655.     Giant  Buster  ot    Indiana  296261,  formerly  recorded  as  Giant 


Big  Wonder  17S565 ) 


fWonJor    13741 


Lady    Monarch    4263D4. 


Wonder   3d   90541 
Orange  Maid   D.  209504 
f  Perfect    I   Am    S8267 
Monarch's    Best    34S156 


fBi 


g   Crow    162503. 


Big  Surprise   144749 
Own   Date   366544 
Iowa's  Model    134347 
Giantess   Ex.    355474 


Buster  of  Kentucky,  sold  to  H.  H.  Hopkins,  Kentucky;  resold  to  W.  F. 
Kerlin,  Indiana.  Wonder  Buster  293975,  sold  to  L.  J.  Long,  Indiana; 
resold  to  W.  B.  Wallace,  Missouri;  resold  to  Carter  &  Van  Devcnter, 
Missouri;  resold  to  W.  L.  Clay,  Missouri;  resold  to  Head  &  Gray,  Mis- 


.souri,  1919.  Big  Buster  3d  294477.  sold  to  James  J.  Evans,  Indiana;  resold 
to  Thornton  Breeders  Association,  Indiana.  Big  Liberty  Loan  317737 
(formerly  Boulder  Buster  308601);  sold  to  S.  G.  .lohnson,  Kabel  &  Wig- 
gins, Indiana;  sold  to  J.  G.  Johnson;  resold  to  E.  W.  Nelson,  Missouri; 
resold  to  W.  B.  Cash  &  Son,  Missouri.  Giant  Lil  714332;  sold  to  J.  G. 
Johnson,  Indiana ;  resold  to  E.  W.  Nelson,  Missouri.  Giant  Lil  2d  669836; 
sold  to  F.  W.  Sebum,  Ohio;  resold  to  Line  Lukens,  Indiana;  resold  to  Wni. 
Funkhouser,  Indiana. 

There  were  a  lew  litters  farrowed  in  which  no  boars  were  recorded, 
but  the  sows  were  sold  to  many  prominent  herds  and  were  great  pro- 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILniNG  115 

ducers.  Farrowed  one  litter  by  Gerstdale  Jones  244187,  twelve  pigs  in 
litter,  raising  but  three  sows.  A  litter  by  Big  Liberty  Loan  309309,  owned 
by  Glover  &  Moore,  and  farrowed  March  8,  1919,  fourteen  pigs,  in  which 
five  sows  were  recorded  and  went  in  to  very  prominent  herds. 

Susan  2d  468926  A,  160555  S,  farrowed  March  8,  1911 ;  litter,  11.  Bred 
by  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Neb.  Got  bv  Long  Boy  139597;  dam,  Susan 
412728. 


f  Longfellow    119997. 


Long  Boy  139597. 


Standard   Maid  B.    24S108. 


[^Orphan    Boy    143415. 


Susan   412728. 


tengthy  L.   41171 


r  Longfellow   7th   95747 

[Mollie   Fair  2d  266940 

f  Chief  Standard   51713 

Orange  Maid  A.  209500 

Big  Expansion  143413 

Lady   Ansley   3519S8 

fKing  Look   2d   125657 

Lengthy   .".th    412432 


Susan  2d  was  a  very  choice  sow,  weighing  around  600  pounds.  As  a 
producer  there  were  but  few  her  equal,  especially  in  the  litters  sired  by 
Big  Timm  190903.  She  had  a  litter  sister,  known  as  Big  Susie,  that  was 
also  very  prepotent.  Susan  2d  was  the  dam  of  Fessy's  Timm,  Severe's  Big 
Timm,  Funkhouser's  Timm  and  many  other  noted  boars.  She  was  a 
great  granddaughter  of  Longfellow  7th,  and  a  granddaughter  of  Orphan 
Boy.  Big  Timm,  the  boar  with  which  she  mated  so  well,  was  also  a 
great  grandson  of  Longfellow  7th,  and  a  grandson  of  Orphan  Boy.  The 
Longfellow  7th  breeding  is  also  to  be  found  in  the  pedigrees  of  Big  Bob, 
Designer,  Liberator  and  others. 

Joe's  Giantess  175445,  farrowed  September  14,  1913;  litter,  10.  Bred 
by  H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Got  by  Big  Joe  62174;  dam.  Black 
Giantess  1st  160475. 


Chief  Price  2d   41357. 
fSmooth   Price  554S7. 

(  Smooth   Maid    133596. 
ig  Joe  62174.  ^ 

fBig  Bone   53069.. 

13S3S2 J 

I  Mollie  Jones  .".th 
JOE'S  GIANTESS  ^      133595    

'Chief  Look    6050S. 

Fashion's  Pride 
14S141 
Blac 


rChoice  Look   62255. 


II       14S141    
[King  Dodo  2d  5423.'! 
Black   Giantess             J 
!«"""    ]  Giantess  Prospect 

L      130593    


r"Third   generation. 


Old 


Joe's  Giantess  at  two  years  of  age  stood  43  inches  high,  and  was  one 
of  the  longest,  tallest  sows  of  the  breed.    She  was  the  foundation  of  the 


116  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

Checkmaker  family,  which  includes  Checkers,  Check-It,  Constructor  and 
is  the  granddam  of  Preston  Giantess  709644,  the  dam  of  Grant's  Great 
Giant,  Peter  the  Great,  Columbian  Giant,  K's  Big  Jones  and  D's  Big  Jones. 
She  is  also  the  dam  of  Timm's  Giantess,  the  Texas  grand  champion  sow 
of  1918. 

The  litter  in  which  Joe's  Giantess  was  farrowed,  she  was  considerably 
larger  than  any  other  member  of  the  litter,  and  remained  in  the  lead  the 
rest  of  her  life.  She  was  mated  to  Fesenmeyer's  A  Wonder  by  old  A 
Wonder  for  a  1915  spring  litter,  and  from  this  litter  came  Clarinda 
Giantess  635436,  a  sow  that  resembled  her  mother  very  much.  A  litter 
brother  was  sold  to  H.  A.  WesseLs,  Cromwell,  lowaTand  while  the  boar 
died  young  he  was  the  sire  of  several  sows  of  extreme  size.  Clarinda 
Giantess  was  mated  to  Fessy's  Timm  256027,  that  was  recently  purchased 
by  Fesenmeyer  from  Wm.  Ferguson,  winning  junior  champion  honors 
at  the  Nebraska  State  fair,  and  from  this  mating  came  Preston  Giant- 
ess 709644,  the  dam  of  the  great  litter  of  boars  before  mentioned. 
A  litter  sister,  known  as  A's  Giantess,  was  retained  in  the.  Fesenmeyer 
herd  and  mated  to  F's  Big  Jones  320555,  produced  the  boar  Checkmaker, 
the  sire  of  Checkers.  There  is  no  question  but  that  Joe's  Giantess  has 
given  as  much  to  the  improvement  of  the  Poland  Chinas  as  many  of 
the  great  boars  of  the  breed.  Her  daughters  have  proven  the  greatest 
producers  and  have  transmitted  their  type  to  their  offspring. 

Buster's  Best  660818,  farrowed  September  17,  1915;  htter,  6.  Bred 
by  J.  E.  Gardner  &  Son,  Pennville,  Ind.;  sold  to  W.  C.  Williams  &  Sons, 
Thornton,  Ind.,  October  1, 1916;  resold  to  C.  D.  Wellington,  Clymers,  Ind., 
November  21,  1916;  resold  to  Colvert  Bros.,  Oxford,  Ind.,  March  24,  1917; 
resold  to  Moore  Farms,  Gardner,  Kan.,  October  16,  1917;  resold  to  L.  H. 
Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Harry  H.  Moore,  Gardner,  Kan.,  November 
10,  1918.    Got  by  Giant  Buster  240657;  dam.  Big  Susan  508986. 

(Big   Ben   20S905 
Mammoth  Giant.   Equal   484552 


Giant  Buster  240657. 


BUSTER'S  BEST 


Big    Susan    50S9.^6. 


Big  Wonder  178565 

I  Big  Lil  555924 < 

I^Lady  Lunker  53S712 

fThe  Big  Orplian  17101» 

fjumbo    185275 ] 

[^Uneeda  Wonder   371596 

r  Victor   153933 

[Long    Mollie    2d    45601S S 

[Long  Mollie  397150 

The  "Queen  of  Polands"  as  she  was  referred  to,  because  of  her 
immense  size  with  great  breed  character,  and  a  record  for  show  ring 
winning,  as  well  as  for  production.  She  stamped  her  likeness  in  every 
offspring,  and  for  the  most  part  they  were  large,  good  feet  and  legs,  and 
excellent  producers.  She  was  noted  more  for  the  production  of  good 
females,  but  many  of  her  sons  achieved  fame  in  the  show  rings  and 
Ijreeding  pens.  She  farrowed  three  litters  that  brought  her  fame,  a  part 
of  which  we  herewith  list: 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILDING  117 

Litter  farrowed  March  26,  1917;  litter,  9.  Sire,  Williams  Wonder 
288291.  Jennie  Hillcrest  Buster  733344,  sold  in  dam  to  Colvert  Bros., 
Indiana;  resold  to  W.  K.  James,  Missouri.  Josie  Hillcrest  Buster 
734634;  sold  in  dam  to  Colvert  Bros.;  resold  to  W.  K.  James;  resold  to 
Robert  E.  Thompson  &  Son,  Missouri.  Jannie  Buster  777384,  sold  in  dam 
to  Colvert  Bros.;  resold  to  W.  K.  James;  resold  to  Sol.  L.  Leonard. 

Litter  farrowed  April  19, 1918;  litter,  12.    Sire,  Gerstdale  Jones  244187. 

Litter  farrowed  March  9,  1919;  litter,  9.  Sire,  Liberator  356319. 
Momentum,  sold  to  E.  E.  Farver,  Iowa,  for  $6,000.     Revelation,  sold  to 


Winn  &  Moore,  Missouri,  $8700.  Liberator  Buster,  sold  to  W.  J.  Graham, 
Minnesota,  $6100.  Headliner,  sold  to  C.  V.  Keller,  Indiana,  $2800.  Lib- 
erators Best,  retained  in  herd.    Liberators  Best  2d,  retained  in  herd. 

The  two  gilts  were  winners  of  first  and  second  prize  in  class  at  the 
National  Swine  show,  1919,  and  Liberator  Buster  was  winner  of  first  in 
class  at  the  same  show  in  1920,  with  Revelation  as  second  prize  winner. 

Fashion  Girl  219444  S,  farrowed  February  1,  1917;  Htter,  12.  Bred 
by  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie, 
Ind.;  resold  to  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Harry  H.  Moore,  Gard- 
ner, Kan.;  resold  to  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  January  19, 
1920.    Got  by  Masterpiece  76100;  dam.  Fashion  Princess  181288. 

Fashion  Girl  became  famous  through  her  sons.  Liberator  and 
Designer.  She  possessed  breed  character  and  broodiness  that  made  her 
a  great  mother.  Her  litters  were  uniform  and  were  raised  without  runts. 
After  Liberator  had  sold  for  a  record  price,  the  sow  was  re-mated  to  The 
Clansman,  and  sold  as  an  attraction  in  the  Silver  Brook  sale,  being 
purchased  by  Glover  &  Moore,  Mr.  Glover  being  the  owner  of  Liberaior. 
Other  litters  out  of  her  being  in  so  great  demand,  enhanced  her  value 


HISTOHY  OF  POr.AND  CHINA  SWINE 


many  times,  and  she  was  sold  January  19,  1920,  in  the  record  sale  of  L. 
H.  Glover  for  $17,200  to  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  being  the 
record  price  for  a  sow  of  any  breed.  There  is  no  question  but  that  her 
sons.  Liberator,  Designer  and  The  Pioneer,  have  added  very  materially 


fGrand    Master   67666. 


Masterpiece    76100. 


Esther's  Standard   137)18 


FASHIOX    GIRL 


Fashion    Princess    1S12SS. 


j'Longv 


•s   Wonder 


^Lady's  Thickset    172924 


f Giant  Standard   62191 

I 

[Long  Girl  2d  132374 
I' Chief  Price  2d  48S63 
I  Extra  Long  7th   122625 

Long  Wonder  2d  67159 
Lady  Big  Bone    160620 

I' Big   Wonder   64827 

l_Wonder  Thickset  1st  160621 


to  the  improvement  of  the  breed,   their  influence  radiating  to  every 
section  of  the  United  States. 

Litter  farrowed  Januarj'  1,  1918;  litter,  six.  Sire,  The  Clansman 
92964  S.  Liberator  92965,  sold  to  L.  H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  July  1, 
1918,  for  $3000.    Designer  93699,  sold  to  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Neb., 


Fashion  Girl  2i  ;i 

By  Masterpiece  16100.      The  Dam   of  Liberator  92905.  Ii. 

Boars.     Sold  for  tn,SOO,  the  Worlds'  j; 


eral   Other   Great 


for  $5000;  resold  December  1,  1919,  to  D.  C.  Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence, 
Neb.,  for  $30,000. 

Litter  farrowed  February  13,  1919;  litter,  10.  Sire,  The  Clansman 
92964.  Cavalier,  sold  to  W.  D.  Jones,  Atkins,  Iowa,  for  $5000.  The 
Pioneer,  sold  to  E.  A.  Wiggers,  Evansvillc,  Ind.,  for  $5000.  The  Volunteer, 
sold  to  G.  E.  Sampson,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  for  $1200.  The  Muskateer,  sold  to 
Lone  Tree  Farm,  Green  Lake,  Wis.,  for  $1000.  Fashion  Girl  2d,  sold  to 
Olipiuuit  &  Kreh,  Vincennes,  Ind..  for  $2500.  Fashion  (iirl  3d,  sold  to 
W.  D.  Jones,  Atkins,  Iowa,  for  $1100. 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILDING  119 

Litter  farrowed  August  16,  1919;  litter,  5.  Sire,  The  Clansman  92964. 
Boar,  to  Beachon  Stock  Farm,  Indiana,  $3000.  Boar,  to  Chas.  S.  Keith, 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  $2000.    Boar,  to  B.  E.  McMillan,  Blanchard,  Iowa,  $3500. 

Litter  farrowed  February  3,  1920;  litter,  11.  Sire,  The  Clansman 
92964.  Boar,  to  D.  E.  Hudson,  Montezuma,  Iowa,  for  $6000.  Boar,  to 
Holman  Lee,  Boonville,  Mo.,  for  $5000.  Boar,  to  A.  F.  Dankenbring, 
Sweet  Springs,  Mo.,  for  $2500.  Gilt,  to  R.  T.  Winningham,  Ardmore, 
Okla.,  for  $2500.    Gilt,  to  R.  T.  Winningham,  Ardmore,  Okla.,  for  $2000. 

Among  other  notable  brood  sows,  who  have  contributed  much  to  the 
improvement  of  the  breed  and  whose  influences  will  continue  to  radiate 
through  the  years  to  come,  we  list  the  following: 

Nellie  B  369494,  farrowed  March  8,  1908.  Bred  by  H.  C.  McGath, 
Ames,  Neb.  Sold  in  dam  to  R.  B.  Baird,  Central  City,  Neb.  Got  by 
Orphan  Boy  143415;  dam,  Purple  Girl  319660. 

The  dam  of  the  Big  Orphan  171013  and  Columbus  176435,  Columbus, 
the  Nebraska  grand  champion,  1912,  and  the  Big  Orphan,  the  grand 
champion  of  Nebraska,  1913;  the  latter  one  of  the  greatest  progenitors 
of  the  breed. 

Topsv  492666,  farrowed  February  23, 1911 ;  Htter,  9.  Bred  by  J.  D.  &  W. 
E.  Gates,  Ravenwood,  Mo.  Sold  to  E.  W.  Beery,  Shambaugh,  Iowa,  Octo- 
ber 17,  1911;  resold  to  L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa,  February  17, 
1912.    Got  by  A  Wonder  107353;  dam.  Gate's  Up-to-Date  403136. 

The  dam  of  Mc's  Big  Orange  293865  and  Mankato  Wonder  245891 
(later  known  as  Korver's  Orange  Wonder) .  The  former  is  the  sire  of  The 
Yankee  and  The  Pilot. 

Orange  Lady. 2d  662580,  177742  S,  farrowed  February  10,  1914;  litter, 
11.  Bred  by  L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa.  Got  by  Hercules  232407; 
dam.  Orange  Lady  537670. 

The  dam  of  The  Yankee  298157  and  The  Pilot  279441.  The  Yankee 
sold  for  $40,000,  and  The  Pilot  was  grand  champion  of  the  world. 
National  Swine  show  1919.    Both  were  sired  by  Mc's  Big  Orange  293865. 

Miss  Big  Wonder  175143  S,  515668  A,  farrowed  March  6,  1913;  litter, 
14.  Bred  by  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Chris  Seivers,  Ross, 
Iowa,  February  25,  1914.  Got  by  Big  Wonder  64827;  dam.  Big  Model 
171614. 

The  dam  of  Harrison's  Big  Bob  83302  and  Big  Fashion  82663.  Harri- 
son's Big  Bob  won  at  the  Missouri  State  Fair,  1919,  and  sold  in  a  disper- 
sion sale  for  $10,100.  Big  Fashion  was  the  sire  or  grandsire  of  many  of 
the  top  sows  in  the  record  sale  of  L.  H.  Glover.  Both  were  sired  by 
Big  Bob. 

Lady  Big  Crow  541824  A,  192586  N,  farrowed  March  4,  1912;  litter,  10. 

Bred  by  William  Lentz,  Ankeny,  Iowa.  Sold  to  W.  C.  Disher,  New 
Weston,  Ohio,  February  26,  1913.  Sire,  Big  Crow  162503;  dam.  Patsy 
391616. 

The  dam  of  W's  Giant  251175  and  Indiana  Giant  304243.  W's  Giant 
was  one  of  the  breed's  greatest  progenitors.  Both  were  by  Disher's 
Giant  240655. 

Kramer's  Kind  592374,  farrowed  March  8,  1915;  litter.  0.  Bred  by  J. 
J.  Kramer,  Sheldon,  Iowa.  Sold  to  I.  B.  Morgan,  Galveston,  Ind.,  June 
27,  1916;  sold  to  T.  E.  Thompson  &  Sons,  Franklin,  Ind.;  resold  to  Arling- 


120  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

ton  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  September  10,  1920.  Got  by  Right  Kind 
197975;  dam.  Big  Standard  578106. 

Kramer's  Kind  became  famous  as  the  dam  of  The  Clansman  92964, 
the  sire  of  Liberator  92965.  She  is  also  the  dam  of  The  Guardsman.  At 
the  age  of  five  years  she  sold  to  Arhngton  Farms,  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
with  a  litter  of  ten  pigs  at  side,  by  Hoosier  Bill  110345,  for  $14,600. 

Orange  Queen  727462,  farrowed  March  16,  1917;  litter  9.  Bred  by 
H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Yotter  Bros.,  Oakville,  Iowa, 
July  12,  1917.     Got  by  Fessy's  Timm  256027;  dam.  Orange  Girl  671056! 

Orange  Queen  is  the  dam  of  Dunndale  Pilot  329667,  Hawkeye  Giant 
323785  and  Black  Cloud  323787.  Dunndale  Pilot  was  the  Iowa  grand 
champion  1920,  and  Hawkeye  Giant  the  sire  of  the  National  Swine  Show 


grand  champion  sow.  Giant  Maid  1920.  As  a  sire,  both  ranked  among 
the  leading  boars  of  the  breed.    Dunndale  Pilot  sold  for  $50,000. 

Preston  Giantess  709644,  farrowed  February  26,  1917;  litter  10.  Bred 
by  H.  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  Sold  to  John  Grant,  Preston,  Iowa, 
February  7,  1918.  Got  by  Fessy's  Timm  256027;  dam,  Clarinda  Giantess 
635436. 

Preston  Giantess  became  famous  through  the  great  litter  of  five  boars 
that  she  farrowed  spring  of  1919,  known  as  Grant's  Great  Giant,  Peter 
the  Great,  Columbian  Giant,  D's  Big  Jones,  and  K's  Big  Jones.  A  litter 
possessing  unusual  size,  scale  and  type.  They  were  undoubtedly  the 
litter  of  largest  boars  ever  farrowed. 

Ger-stdale  Queen  544980,  farrowed  April  7,  1914;  litter  7.  Bred  by 
Gerstdale  Farm,  Alton,  Iowa.  Sold  to  Harry  H.  Moore,  Gardner,  Kan., 
October  25,  1917;  sold  to  Carter  &  Van  Devinter,  Mexico,  Mo.,  January 
2,  1918;  resold  to  Sol.  L.  Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.  Got  by  Gerstdale 
Price  210631;  dam,  Gerstdale  Fashion  512634. 

Gerstdale  Queen  as  the  dam  of  F's  Big  Jones  320555  and  Big  Jones 


INFLUENCE  ON  BREED  BUILDING  121 

276531  became  renowned.  She  was  sold  in  the  famous  Carter  &  Van 
Deventer  sale,  February,  1918,  at  a  record  price.  F's  Big  Jones  used  in 
the  herd  of  H.  Fesenmeyer  is  the  sire  of  the  noted  litter  out  of  Preston 
Giantess  709644.  He  was  grand  champion  boar  of  the  Iowa  State  Fair 
1919.  The  Checkmaker  family  was  produced  from  F's  Big  Jones  and 
A's  Giantess.  Big  Jones  in  the  herd  of  Sol.  L.  Leonard  achieved  great- 
ness as  a  sire  of  extra  large,  choice  offsprings.  Both  boars  are  litter 
mates,  and  are  by  the  celebrated  Gerstdale  Jones  244187. 

M's  Choice  648344,  farrowed  April  1,  1915;  litter,  6.  Bred  by  Fred 
Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa.  Sold  to  J.  E.  Meharry,  Toulon,  111.,  February 
25,  1916.     Got  by  Big  Bob  212613;  dam.  Big  Wonder's  Kind  515648. 

M's  Choice  became  great  through  her  ability  as  a  producer  and  a 
winner  in  the  largest  shows.  She  was  grand  champion  of  the  world, 
National  Swine  show  1917,  and  produced  the  boars  Big  Improver  292067 
and  Chief  Defender's  Choice  292069.  Big  Improver  was  grand  champion 
of  the  Iowa  State  fair  in  1918,  defeating  the  noted  boar  Col.  Jack,  who 
was  first  in  his  class.  Big  Improver  sold  for  $1300,  in  the  J.  E.  Meharry, 
1917,  fall  sale,  going  to  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning,  Iowa.  Chief  Defender's 
Choice  sold  to  R.  A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla.,  for  the  record  price  for  an 
untried  pig,  seUing  for  $2250.  A  litter  sister  to  these  boars.  Liberty 
718000,  was  grand  champion  of  the  Illinois  State  fair  1918.  They  were 
sired  by  the  grand  champion.  Chief  Defender  257785. 

Bob's  Belle  660696  A,  194218  S,  farrowed  October  5,  1915;  litter  10. 
Bred  by  Sol.  L.  Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.  Sold  to  R.  P.  Poage,  Shelbina, 
Mo.,  January  31,  1917;  resold  to  Delaney  Bros.,  Lentner,  Mo.  Got  by 
Big  Bob  Wonder  252987,  by  Big  Bob  212613;  dam,  A  Wonder's  Belle 
633944,  by  A  Wonder  107353. 

Bob's  Belle  was  a  large  attractive  sow,  and  excellent  mother,  and 
produced  several  prominent  and  good  breeding  sons  and  daughters.  Her 
matings  with  W's  Giant  251175  proved  to  be  the  most  successful,  as  the 
offspring  repeated  her  achievements,  even  to  the  second  and  third  gen- 
eration. Her  first  litter  to  attract  marked  attention  was  sold  in  dam  to 
R.  P.  Poage,  who  developed  the  litter  and  resold  them  to  Mr.  Leonard 
at  a  price  that  was  far  beyond  the  average  sales  of  the  day.  Out  of 
this  litter  came  several  outstanding  herd  boars.  This  particular  litter 
was  by  Big  Jones  276531,  a  htter  brother  to  F's  Big  Jones  320555.  Big 
Ben  Wonder,  the  Missouri  1919  grand  champion,  was  out  of  Bob's  Belle. 
Dominator  owned  by  W.  W.  Fuqua,  Monroe  City,  Mo.,  and  Superior 
Giant  owned  by  Frank  L.  Keller,  Taylor,  Mo.,  were  considered  two  of 
her  greatest  productions,  both  being  Ijy  W's  Giant.  Bob's  Belle  sold  to 
Delaney  Bros,  for  $1000,  a  price,  while  high  at  the  time,  yet  was  in  keep- 
ing with  the  true  value  of  the  sow  as  a  producer  of  unquestionable  merit. 


CHAPTER  XX 

Pedigrees  and  Theik  Importance  to  Breed  Improvement 

iV  PEDIGREE  is  the  tabulation  of  the  ancestry  responsible  for  the  life, 
general  make-up,  and  prospective  development  of  a  particular  animal. 
It  may  be  good,  bad  or  indifferent,  yet  without  it  there  would  be  no  ap- 
preciative advancement  of  a  breed,  due  to  the  lack  of  interest  by  pro- 
moters and  producers.  A  pedigree  is  no  better  than  the  man  who  writes 
it,  for  in  it  is  written  the  character  of  the  man  who  makes  responsible 
the  issuing  of  the  pedigree.  We  are,  therefore,  proud  of  the  men  who 
have,  upon  their  own  signature,  given  to  a  great  nation  a  breed  of  hogs, 
whose  genealog}"^  from  its  conception  has  been  tabulated  and  given  to 


Prize  I-ady  987948 

IJy   Cnhnnhinn   Ginnt   .;;  i.'J.'l.      First  i;i:e  Junior  Sow   Pig.   Xational   Sn-inc   .S'/ioiP. 

r.ijii.     Weight  JM  Pounds 

US  as  pure  as  the  blood  of  its  originators.  From  these  pedigrees  we  have 
been  able  to  pick  the  weak  from  the  strong,  the  small  from  the  large, 
and  through  elimination  and  discrimination,  bred  up  this  great  Amer- 
ican breed  to  lead  all  other  breeds  of  swine. 

It  would  not  come  amiss,  therefore,  to  study  a  few  of  the  pedigrees 
to  assure  ourselves  of  the  importance  of  selection,  as  well  as  to  famil- 
iarize ourselves  with  the  procedure  necessary  to  a  successful  mating  of 
improved  blood. 

In  the  pedigrees  of  Chief  Price  61861,  termed  as  the  "father"  of  the 
big  types;  Chief  Perfection  2d  42559,  termed  as  the  "father"'  of  the  hot 
bloods,  the  reader  will  note  the  close  relation,  being  only  a  short  ways 
removed  from  the  same  foundation.     In  a  previous  chapter,  known  as 


PEDIGREES  AND  THEIR  IMPORTANCE  123 

Foundation  Boars  of  the  Poland  Chinas,  we  have  outlined  in  three  illus- 
trations the  steps  taken  in  breeding  the  various  important  boars  of  the 
past  60  years,  and  how  each  pedigree  traced  on  the  sire  side  to  two 
boars,  being  about  equally  divided.  We  desire  to  give  a  few  pedigrees 
of  important  boars,  tracing  their  pedigrees  on  the  sire  side  to  the  foun- 
dation stock,  and  following  this  with  extended  pedigrees  of  both  sire 
and  dams,  to  show  the  influence  that  one  boar  will  have  in  the  life  of 
a  particular  pedigree. 


Chief  Price  61861 
Grand  Chief  3rd  28013 
Grand  Chief  20177 
Chief  Tecumseh  2nd  14579 
Chief  Tecumseh  10815 
King  Tecumseh  11793 
Tecumseh  4339 
U.  S.  1195 
World  Beater  1213 
Beacher  15 
Tom  Corwin  275 
Boyd  Hog  40 
Young  Cook  Hog  301 
Cook  Hog  67 

Zack  (alias  Gallaspie  Hog)  310,  by 
a  boar  bred  by  Harvey  Gallagher 


Caldwell's  Big  Bob  272689 
Big  Bob  Wonder  252987 
Big  Bob  212613 
Chief  Price  2nd  142681 
Longfellow  119997 
Longfellow  7th  95747 
Longfellow  2nd  52999 
Longfellow  38611 
Hamlet  2nd  13313 
Hamlet  9097 
Prince  Tom  7875 
Honest  Tom  4611 
Hoosier  Tom  2nd  2571 
Hoosier  Tom  1625 
Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037 
Star  of  the  West  1983 
General  Hayes  507 
Butler  93 
Royal  Finch  235 
Combs  Hog  64 
Old  Combs  Hog  200 
Old  Billy  196 
Morton  Meyer's  37 
Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137 


Chief  Perfection  42559 
Chief  Perfection  32199 
Chief  Tecumseh  2nd  14579 
Chief  Tecumseh  10815 
King  Tecumseh  11793 
Tecumseh  4339 
U.  S.  1195 
World  Beater  1213 
Bcccher  15 
Tom  Corwin  275 
Boyd  Hog  40 
Young  Cook  Hog  301 
Cook  Hog  67 

Zack  (alias  Gallaspie  Hog)  310,  by 
a  boar  bred  by  Harvey  Gallagher 


Big  Timm  190903 

The  Big  Orphan  171013 

Big  Columbus  151313 

Big  Bone  137161 

A  Wonder  107353 

Long  Wonder  85533 

Surprise  Wonder  4th  59693 

Surprise  Wonder  3rd  50633 

Surprise  Wonder  41563 

Surprise  28007 

Black  Chief  21567 

A.  A.  18849 

Black  U.  S.  18345 

Success  1999 

Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037 

Star  of  the  West  1983 

General  Hayes  507 

Butler  93 

Royal  Finch  235 

Comb's  Hog  64 

Old  Comb's  Hog  200 

Old  Billy  196 

Morton  Meyer's  37 

Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Giant  Buster  240657 
Disher's  Giant  240655 
Big  Ben  208905 
Smooth  Price  153321 
Chief  Price  2nd  93149 
Chief  Price  61861 
Grand  Chief  3rd  28013 
Grand  Chief  30177 
Chief  Tecumseh  2nd  14579 


Expansion  57691 
Osborne's  Hadley  42639 
Onward  34491 
Smeby's  Hadley  28763 
Hadley  19213 
One  Price  18871 
Black  U.  S.  18345 
Success  1999 
Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037 
Star  of  the  West  535 
General  Hayes  507 
Butler  93 
Boyal  Finch  235 
Combs  Hog  64 
Old  Combs  Hog  200 
Old  Billy  196 
Morton  Meyer's  37 
Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137 


A  Wonder  107353 
Long  Wonder  85533 
Surprise  Wonder  4th  59693 
Surprise  Wonder  3rd  50633 
Surprise  Wonder  41563 
Surprise  28007 
Black  Chief  21567 
A.  A.  18849 
Black  U.  S.  18345 
Success  1999 
Tom  Corwin  2nd  2037 
Star  of  the  West  535 
General  Hayes  507 
Butler  93 
Royal  Finch  235 
Comb's  Hog  64 
Old  Combs  Hog  200 
Old  Billy  196 
Morton  Meyer's  37 
Irwin's  Sweepstakes  137 


■  ^^j^B 

^ 

/^■z-- 

'<i:sK'- /'■*'-:/  ilj 

a 

^^m^  T 

m 

r 

■I 

^ 

Hawkeye  Giant  323785 
By   Giant  Big  Ben  2S4877,  Litter  Brother  to  Dunndnle  Pilot  S29C67. 
Unusual  A4>ility 


PEDIGREES  AND  THEIR  IMPORTANCE 
Meddler  99999,  farrowed  September  11, 1903. 


Mischief   Maker    30246. 


Pet   2d   68646. 


iCliief  Perfection   16743 
Lady  U.  S.   2d  51678 
(Welch's  Blk.  U.  S.   19477 
Roxana    43743 
{Chief   I  Know   11992 
Black  Beauty  F.   40880 

I  fWelch's  Blk.  U.   S.    19477 

[pet  65S05    < 

I  Green  Lawn  Pet  65804 


Orange  Boy  230167,  farrowed  April  6,  1914. 


Big  Orange   14.J509. 


(Jumbo  185275. 


JOrange  Chief   82233.. {§------, 3 

■jMiss  Longfellow  E.      fwonder  3d  90541 
L     309684    ImIss  Longfw   A.    223586 

{^   ,          ,    ,„o<ii  fcolossus  129077 

colossal    193441 JLady  Ohava  402324 
My  Choice  461698.  ..  ./sig  Hadley   2d   152827 
l^Fancy  Klever   409236 
g    Columbus    151313 
Hie   B.   369494 
Uneeda  Won.   371596. /a  Wonder  107353 

\Lady  Mastod'n  69th  338824 


/Big 
■\Ner 


iLady 


Hadley  369758. 


Jlou 
\Sup. 
.JBi 
iBi 


g    Chief   142339 
perior  Light   348530 
g  Hadley  Jr.   149307 
g  Model  347736 


Giant  Buster  240657,  farrowed  February  25,  1914. 

.u   D  ■        ,c«9i  /Chief  Price  2d  93149 
rsmooth   Pnce   153321.|g^^^jj^  ^^.^  gjg^^ 

f,Big  Ben    208905 ^^'^^.^   ^^^^^   ^^^  fLongfellow    2d    52999 

L      300686    \MoHie   Jones   2d   173964 

Disher's  Giant        J  r  „ 

240655    1  f-Long   King's   Equal     J  Long  King   85927 

177373    If.  W.'s  Giantess  351918 

Mammoth    Giantess      J  ^ 

L      Equal  484552 1  Mammoth    Giantess      /Woodbine    Chief    79607 

L      3d   391308 (^Mammoth   Giant.    332506 

fwonder   3d    90541 

rwonder    137411 -'l^Orange  Maid   D.   209504 

TBig   wonder   178565.  .     ^^^^  ^^^^^^^^  .    ^^^^^^   ^   ^^    ^^^^^ 

I       426354    1  Monarch's    Best    348156 

Big  Lil  555924...  J  ) 

I  r  ,   „      .„-„n     J  Big  Surprise  144749 

fBig  Crow  162o03 |our  Date  366544 

Lady  Lunker  538712..^  ^ 

I  Black  Night   3;U520.  J  Iowa's    Model    134347 
I-  \Giantess   Ex.   355874 


126  HISTOHY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

DiSHEB's  Giant  78877  S,  farrowed  February  10,  1913 

f  Chief  Price  2d  4 

i  Smooth    Maid 
[      (133596)    

fLongfello 


Jth   Pi- 


Big   Ben   61935 


3th 


29675.- 


/chief   Price   31462 
^    '\standard   Lady  A.    (99123) 

/sunshine  Chief  36814 
•■•\orange   Maid    (82639) 
/Longfellow  29674 
\Mollie    King    2d    (70456) 
Mollie  Jones  2d  /chief   Price    31462 

(^'^^T'^^    iMollie  Jones   (77668) 

/chief   Price   31462 
iLong  Mollie    (101497) 


Perfection    28377 
iantess   (67128) 

/chief  Tecumseh  3d  20740 
•\Logan   Queen   2d    (63616) 


Long    King    45837 


iGia 


^^^t^t'r^   °'^"'^^^     /Longfellow  H.   34522 
'  '    iGiantess  4th    (S9505) 


Big  TiMM  67111  S,  farrowed  April  9,  1911. 

r„-      „           -,„.„  fA  Wonder    47460 

^   jB.g  Bone   o3069 |j^.^^   ^^^^.^   ,^   ^^^^3^ 

I  Big   Columbus    57162  J  jj^jjj^  j^^g^  5^^  fLongfellow    2d    29675 

L      133595    "1  Mollie   Jones  2d   115778 

The   Big  Orphan    J  > 

63348    rr...„v,„„    la         J90-.;        J  Big  Expansion   38134 

Orphan    Boy    422,5...-^.  Anslev   S1249 

Nellie  B.  137534 I  ^Lady  Ansley   hl/49 

I  Purple  Girl    123994 ..  ./King  Look   24459 
>-  \Valley  Girl  76006 

rLongfellow   7th  /Longfellow   2d   29673 

,  44369    \Lady  Wonder  3d  84988 

Long  Wonder  .-.U'67..<|  r^  „,       ,        ,,,^„ 

I  Wonder  Maid   130776. i^ong   Wonder   4436S 
Long's  Thickset     J  >-  \Emma   130775 

1st    160554 1  r 

fLongfellow    46S16 ...  .J  Longfellow    7th    44369 

Thickset    13n250 J  iMoUie    Fair   2d    113249 

^f2'/9'9"2  ^""'''^'      .  ./chief  Price   31462 
^  iLady  Wonder  5th   S5423 


Big  Lil  (186174),  farrowed  May  22,  1912. 

f  wonder  3d   41530 JLadTs""  ?97S47f 

Wonder    41331 J  l^Lady  S.    (9iS47) 

\  i  Orange  Maid  D.  fchief  Price   31462 

L      (99647)    )  Orange   Maid   S2639 

ig  Wonder  I  ). 

{~ „     .         ,    .       .,,.--,      [Anderson's   Perf.   23772 
Perfect  I  Am  31  ,o7.  .j^  . 

Monarch's  Best  [Monarch   39S55 

(101284)    \Long   Perf.   Lady   (92203) 

^  /Miller's   Tec.    4S2T.-! 

Bi"   Crow  tir.l!^  \°  ^"■"■""'^^  ^^-"^  •■•\m.'s  Mollie   Sur.    (11633s) 

1  1  r>        Ti    ..    /innj-.,^        A'P    to   Dat,-    36007 

Lady  Lunker  |  t""'    "'^'^    ^^""^ ' " '  '    iour   Beaut.v    (90033, 

(1*^1'3>    1  |-l..w;Vs   M.Mlel   33n:;,s..  fi-i-ow's  .M.Mlol  .-.ii72!i 

Rl:uk    Niuht  ]  \\M\y  I  Am   a""t7c;) 

'  ^  '■'^^"  '     i  '  ■'?nf^^^)'^'■  ■[ J"''"  L.   Ex.    410C5 

I-      (131544)    \,;i,n„tess   3d    (7)692) 


PEDIGREES  AND  THEIR  IMPORTANCE 


127 


rSig   Ben    -Jil 


Buster's  Best  660818,  farrowed  September  17,  1915. 

fSmooth    I'liiu    ir.3:i21 
•■■iMollie   Jones  r.th   3006S6 
rlJishei's    Giant  J  > 

'■       240655    I  Mammoth   Giantess       (  Long  King's  Equal  177373 

I      Equal  4S45:j2    "I^Mam.   Giantess  3tl   39130S 

jBi.   Wonaer  ^^S..S.{ZZ'moZ1\.S.-.. 

Big  Lil    553924 1  Td,-™  /-._      .    ieo-no 

-  Lady   Lunker    53S712JB'S  Crow    162d03 

'-  \Black   Night   394520 

rThe  Big  Orphan  /Big  Columbus  151313 

I       171013    \Nellie  B.   369494 


fjumbo 


Big  Susan    50S9S6.-! 


Long  MoUie  2d 
L      456018    


371596 


/a  Won 
•\.Lady  ]V 


Mastodon  6th  33SS2A 


Victor    153933. 


Col.  Jack  288991,  farrowed  March  3,  1916. 


Long  Lady  2d  57S27S. 


(-Great  Wonder  210301. 


spect    244191. . . . 


Surprise   M.iid   520120. 


fAlton    Wonder    2231S7. 


Square   Lady    5G27S4. 


A  Wonder  A.   17G9S9 
Belle   B.    45S966 
rSioux  Ch.   211459 
I  Miss    Surprise    45S9S0 
Gerfs  W.   168991 
MoUie   B.    432930 
Square    D.    213973 
R.-s  White  E.  499130 


128  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

Big  Price's  Equal  265269,  farrowed  March  23,  1915. 

rChie_f_Price  Again       1^°"!.^^"  \ll^Tl 

fchief  Price  Again 

I       2cl   170067    

Big   Quality 
247167    ... 


147523    l^Mollie  Fair  4th  299172 


'^'Vrt'l^onfiT  ^^^'"         lr.,^„  T„„,h„  iM^To    /Long   Chief   123711 

(_Sunny  Slope  Belle  30S88S 


2cl   170067    I  Lady  Jumbo   398370. 


Big  Lady  607674. 


iBlg  Jones  3d  155027.  J  ^ig  Jones  2d  155025 
lExtra  A.    297746 
Giantess  B.  423628. .  J  Major  Nelson   156133 
\Giantess  A.    4015S6 

'"'dSro-'oO?.^.^"'."      (Chief  Price  Again    147523 
l_Lady   Jumbo    39S370 
Long  Price    228245. 

Giantess  D.   487430..  j  W.'s  Wonder  170943 
itess  B.    423628 

r'^' 2^0637'"''^°"  /Sampson    180671 

Lady  Hustler   560482.1  l^°s«   Wreath    493376 

r%Z%io'''''''  /King  Hadley   182071 

*-  ■       ■■  t White   Socks   531606 


Big  Bob  212613,  farrowed  September  10,  1912. 

'Longfellow    7th   95747 


Chief   Price   2d  142681. 


R.'s  Lady  Wonder  496684 


'Longfellow  119997 

.Mollie  Fair  2d    266940 

(Chief  Price   61861 
Standard  Lady  A.  233S40 

_  ^.   Wonder   143421 
Long   Wonder   168025 

.Mischief  2d  367946 


(Smoo 
Lady 


Dth   Wonder    2d    145501 
Lady  Wonder  492532 


Lady    Wonder    371350 


Big  Bone  Leader  244237,  farrowed  April  6,  1915.     Litter  7. 

Giant   Leader    166361  .{^-'^;;^"3\^^„^3 


T     J      .ncnn        /Rood's  Giant   149669 
Lady   426220... jj^^^y  Wonderful  408820 


Chief  Lead^.  _, 

fSmooth   Price   153321  ./chief  Price  2d   93149 
[Smooth  Maid  336492 
Giant  Lady  426220..  -i  ^ 

Smooth    Mollie  J  Big  Bone  137161 

I      378398    \Mollie   Jones  5th    300686 

{„.      „          ,,.,,0,  /a  Wonder  107353 
B.gBone   137161 |j^.^^   j^^„.^    3^    ^gjj^j 
^"o2°$5r;?,'"„'"'=^^^  /smooth  Wonder  2d   145.-.01 
„  „„...      ,                                                      "                ICrow   Princess   2d   393716 

1st  546098 1  rPrince   Hadley  /Major  Hadley   151961 

J       167331    \Lady  Amazon    361238 

■[smooth  Lady   ■'619''6.{^^°"G"ntess'nh   429064 


PEDIGREES  AND  THEIR  IMPORTANCE  129 

Gerstdale  Jones  244187,  farrowed  July  15,  1914. 

rA    w„„^o.   lAtAoi  fLong   Wonder   131497 

A  Wonder   "3421 .  .  .  |j^^j,.^   ^^.^   ^^^   299172 

rmg   wonder   168195.  i   ^.^^  ^oung  Won-       /Young  Wonder  98075 

L      der  365976 i  Curly  319288 

Big  Jones  Again     J  ■- 

198153    1  J- Big   Jones    245221...  /Big  Bone   137161 

Miss   Big  Bone  (_Mollie  Jones  6th  300688 

*^^^^*    I   Miss  Long  Lady   2d     [surprise    Tec.    133923 

L      "S"''    /Long  Lady  329950 

rBig   Wonder   160349. /^ong  Wonder  131497 
/Maid  B.  2d  233364 
owa    King    200405..  4  meky  Maid   2d  /Surprise    Tec.    133923 

King's  Maid  I  ^  \Lucky  Maid  398020 

^^^"^O    1  r  G"/"a'«'«  Giant        /a  Wonder  107353 

1  Mollie   A.   Again  l^^^^^   ^°"-l"   "^   272674 

""''    [Molile    Price    434424..|™  Price  2d  93,„ 

^  1  Mollie   A.    359356 


Chief  Defender  257785,  farrowed  March  3,  1915. 

^Chief  price  2d  ^^^*^- ■{f.'^r^ZTLlTl  233840 
f  Chief  Price   155937.  .  .^  ^^^^  ^^^^^^   ^^  fLongfellow    4th    74189 

L     335352    I A   Wonder   298486 

Mouw's  Chief  J  ^ 

179665    1  rareat   Wonder  /Perfection  Great  85127 

,      „,      ^        „,  136427    1  Price  Wonder  209510 

Mouw's   Wonder   2d     J  ^ 

'-     415334    I  /Longfellow  2d  52999 

Lb.   Wonder   34367S.  .../Lady  Wonder   3d   151956 

fD.'s  Defender  163711  ./Defender  163709 
1  Mouw's  Spot  395186 
^\VM%^'^  ^^^^  /Temptation  126607 

^^"^^    /Ohio   Lady   2d   320276 

Braddy  D.  520256.. j  ^^^^^^^^   ^^^^^^ jcolossus   129077 

iBraddy   C.    450886....  Uady  Ohava  402324 

Braddy   Girl    430332.  .Jorand's  Wonder  173253 
'-  ISusan  H.  430312 


Liberator  92965  S,  356319  A,  farrowed  January  1,  1918. 

t,,,,,^,  fGiant  Standard  62191 
Grandmaster  67666..  .j^^^^^  ^.^^  ^d  152374 
Orphan   Maid    1st  fThe  Big  Orphan  63348 

160623    -iLady   Rose   2d  156127 

The   Clansman  I  ^ 

""^    \  _.    ,  1-^-  -nd   197975.  .  •{-- of  lTlo"ir6^781 

Kramer's   Kind  J  *- 

2194"    Igj^  Standard   578106  ./giantess   Chief   82821 

^-  /standard  Lady  127758 

^Grandmaster   67666..  ./siant   Standard    62191 
/Long  Girl  2d   152374 
fMasterpiece    76100.  ...I  . 

I  1  Escher's   Standard        (Chief  Price   2d   48865 

F-ashion   Girl  J  '-     137418    /Extra  Long  2d   122625 

219444    I  |,LongvIeWs  Wonder    jLong  Wonder  2d  67159 

I  Fashion   Princess         J  ^^^^  ^'^  =°"«  ''"''' 

'■     181288    Lady   Thickset  Jeig  Wonder  64827 

L     172924    \^Won.   Thickset   1st   160621 


CHAPTER  XXI 

The  National  Swine  Show  Poland  China  Winners 
1916  to  1920 

1  HE  National  Swine  show  is  the  direct  outgrowth  of  a  friendly  spirit 
among  the  breeders  of  all  breeds  of  swine,  wanting  to  work  in  co-opera- 
tion to  put  "pork"  and  pork  products  on  the  same  level  as  that  of  the 
cattle  and  horses. 

Annually,  cattle  and  horse  shows  were  the  big  attractions  for  Live 
Stock  shows,  but  the  hogs  and  hog  men  were  considered  secondary. 
This  the  pork  grower  did  not  want  to  concede;  therefore,  while  senti- 
ment was  beginning  to  crystallize  along  lines  of  close  co-operation,  a 


IBERATOR'S    BEST    84324(1 

's  Best  2i',02i.      First   Prize  Junior   Gilt,   National  SiriJie 
lior  Yearling  Same  Show,  I 


Ideal  Type  Gilt 


meeting  was  called  in  Chicago  during  the  International  Live  Stock  show 
of  1914,  and  the  organization  known  as  the  National  Swine  Growers' 
association  was  the  direct  result. 

In  1915  the  National  Swine  Growers  in  annual  session,  voted  to  stage 
a  National  Swine  show,  and  the  officers  led  by  W.  M.  McFadden,  presi- 
dent, were  instructed  to  arrange  location  and  classifications.  After  look- 
ing over  many  proposals  from  various  cities  in  the  United  States,  Omaha, 
Nebr.,  was  selected  for  the  location  of  the  First  National  Swine  show. 
The  Omaha  people  felt  the  largeness  of  the  responsibility  and  provided 
liberally  both  in  space  and  money  to  make  the  show  the  success  neces- 
sary to  make  it  an  annual  occurrence. 


NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WINNERS  131 

Little  was  it  dreamed  that  one  of  the  greatest  statesmen  of  the  world 
would  deem  the  show  of  sufficient  merit  to  attend,  but  on  Wednesday 
of  the  show  week  the  Honorable  Woodrow  Wilson,  President  of  the 
United  States,  in  company  with  Mrs.  Wilson  and  their  staff,  visited  the 
show,  and  were  dehghted,  as  well  as  surprised  at  the  enormity  of  the 
"all"  Swine  show,  as  well  as  to  the  size  of  the  individual  animals  shown. 

The  entries  numbered  of  all  breeds,  nearly  2000,  with  Poland  Chinas 
ranking  second  in  numbers  with  a  possible  300.  Practically  all  of  the 
entries  were  winners  from  other  shows  of  the  country,  and  the  interest 
shown  by  the  visitors  was  intense  even  to  the  point  of  applause  on  the 
placings  of  the  judges. 

Chas.  A.  Marker,  Auburn,  111.,  was  selected  as  the  judge,  and  Thos. 
A.  Shattuck,  Hastings,  Nebr.,  as  consulting  judge;  Ray  Davis,  breed  su- 
perintendent.   Winners  in  class  were  as  follows: 

Aged  Boar— Long  Big  Bone  227069,  by  Black  Big  Bone  179671,  out  of  Mouw's  Lucy 

450688.    Exhibited  by  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa. 
Senior  YeaWinff— Caldwell's  Big  Bob   76438,  by  Big  Bob  Wonder   71999,  out  of 

Expansive's  Belle  160327.    Exhibited  by  Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Howard,  Kas. 
Junior  year/jng-— Smooth  Big  Bob  75999,  by  Big  Bob  71984,  out  of  Mammoth  Lady 

168668.    Exhibited  by  Nels  C.  Jensen,  Exira,  Iowa. 
Senior  Pig—G  &  A's  King  Joe  253283,  by  King  Joe  251257,  out  of  Lady  Giantess 

Wonder  527048.     Exhibited   by  H.  Wade   Gillis   and  Osbert  Alexander,   Mt. 

Pleasant,  Iowa. 
Junior  Pig— hong  Orange  255519,  by  Orange  Boy  230167,  out  of  Sensation  Maid 

410986.    Exhibited  by  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa. 
Aged  Sow— Big  Maid  2d  565984,  by  Smooth  Big  Bone  218543,  out  of  Big  Maid  1st 

527500.    Exhibited  by  Fred  Seivers,  Audubon,  Iowa. 
Senior  year/infl-— Fair  Queen  581968,  by  Miller's  Chief  213599,  out  of  Hidestretcher 

Belle  Again  457218.     Exhibited  by  John  Miller,  Rock  Valley,  Iowa. 
Junior  Yearling— Orange  Mollie  594420,  by  Big  Orange  Equal  196997,  out  of  Long 

Mollie  A  461934.    Exhibited  by  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111. 
Senior  Pig-— Black  Big  Modesty  589192,  by  Mouw's  Black  Jumbo  218507,  out  of  Big 

Modesty  2d  453708.    Exhibited  by  F.  G.  Paul,  Marshalltown,  Iowa. 
Junior  Pig— Pana  Uhlan  590236,  by  The  Giant  Uhlan  243811,  out  of  Pana  Belle 

590266.    Exhibited  by  Phil  Dawson,  Endicott,  Neb. 
Grand  Champion  Boar— Long  Big  Bone  227069. 
Grand  Champion  Sow— Big  Maid  2d  565984. 


Long  Big  Bone  227069,  farrowed  February  2,  1914.    Weight,  1115  lbs. 

rRi^  Rnn»   T!71fil  /^   Wonder    107353 

rB.g  Bone   137161 |j^j^^    j^^^,,^    ^d    263158 

iBig   Jones    145221 ...  J  j^^^j,^    j^^^^    ^^^  /Longfellow   2d    52999 
I     200688    \Mollie  Jones   2d   173964 
r3urpri==e   Tecumseh      /Miller's   Tec.    117017 
,,.       ,            r     J      o^       I       133923    1  Miller's   M.    Surp.   323106 
Miss  Long  Lady  2d     J  J: 
9<J59:S      I                ,     ^       oo„„-„       /orange   Chief   2d    108201 

[Long   Lady    3299.,0 .  .  .j^^^jj.^   ^    ^67132 

rBig  Bone   137161 /a   Wonder   107353 

-,.       T       1,      ir^o^n  l_Miss  Nellie  2d  263158 

r3ig    Jumbo    153879...  J  ^ 

1  /chief   Price    61861 

Mouw's   Lucy  J  l^""  ^^"^   195766 ...  .^Lady  Jones  M.    157256 

^^""^^    I  ^Surprise  Wonder  4th /surprise  Wonder  3d  50633 

1       59693    \Mollie  King  3d  127266 

I  Lucy  360492 <  r 

Uiss  St.  Louis  39S314.fc-    -----^3,, 


132  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Big  Maid  2nd  565948,  farrowed  August  2,  1914. 

,,-,,,  /Big    Bone    137161 

Black  Big  Bone  J  ^"^  '  '  ••\.Mollle   Jones    6th   3006SS 

I       ^'^^^^    I  Miss  Long  Lady   2d     /surprise    Tec.    133923 

Smooth  Big  Bone  l~     376556    \Long  Lady  329950 

218543    J  r 

fwonder   4th  fwonder  3d  41550 

Cho^ice__  of  Maids  B.      J  \Miss  Longfellow  A.  101800 

I  Choice   of  Maids   2d      /Longfellow    46816 

"^      160480    \Mald's   Choice    154925 

fLong  Wonder  131497. |t°"-5«"°^    ^"47 

I  Wonder  Maid   277520 
I  Big   Wonder   160349..-^  r 

Big  Maid   1st  J  U^id    B.    2d   233364... l^ll^^'gf^^j'^'J'If.^jSjj 

'''""'    1  r  ,  /Big   Bone    53069 

I  J  Big  Bone  2d   58491 ..  .|^„„^^^   j^^.^   2d   140353 

iLong    Maid    426282.  .  .i  r 

^v.,   .   ,r.o„<         J  Choice   Chief  Price   55287 
Lmiss    Chief    156824.... ■^_L^„^  j^^,^  ^d   142882 

NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  1917 

The  National  Swine  show  for  1917  was  held  in  the  same  pavilion  with 
the  co-operation  of  the  people  of  Omaha.  The  entries  were  larger  than 
the  previous  year,  and  for  the  most  part,  even  of  a  higher  quality.  The 
show  committee,  because  of  breeders  over-estimating  the  weights  of 
their  hogs,  and  displaying  such  erroneous  information  to  the  many  vis- 
itors, voted  to  make  compulsory  the  actual  weighing  of  all  hogs  on  the 
ground,  and  that  the  said  official  weights  should  be  posted  over  each 
animal.  This  brought  about  a  great  deal  of  comment,  especially  from 
quarters  where  fictitious  weights  had  been  advertised,  but  the  ruling 
was  enforced  to  the  letter,  resulting  in  credit  being  given  where  credit 
was  due  in  size  of  animals  of  each  breed. 

The  average  weights  of  the  Poland  China  winners  are  as  follows: 

Aged  Boars — 7  shown — Average  weight,  1,012  lbs. 

Senior  Yearling  Boars — 5  shown — Average  weight,  805  lbs. 

Junior  Yearling  Boars — 12  shown — Average  weight,  676  lbs. 

Senior  Boar  Pigs — 17  shown — Average  weight,  455  lbs. 

Junior  Boar  Pigs — 24  shown — Average  weight,  275  lbs. 

Aged  Sows — 12  shown — Average  weight,  767  lbs. 

Senior  Yearling  Sows — 10  shown — Average  weight,  670  lbs. 

Junior  Yearling  Sows — 13  shov.'n — Average  weight,  629  lbs. 

Senior  Sow  Pigs — 21  shown — Average  weight,  444  lbs. 

Junior  Sow  Pigs — 17  shown — Average  weight,  271  lbs. 

Because  of  the  very  efficient  work  of  the  judges  and  officers  of  the 
Poland  China  division,  the  show  committee  deemed  it  sufficient  reason 
to  employ  them  again  for  the  1917  show,  and  the  awards  were  as  satis- 
factorily placed,  and  are  as  follows: 

Aged  Boar— Caldwell's  Big  Bob  272689,  by  Big  Bob  Wonder  252987,  out  of  Expan- 
sive Belle  598822.    Exhibited  by  Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas. 
Senior  Yearling — Big  Jumbo  Wonder  252937,  by  Big  Jumbo  Jr.  202945,  out  of  Lady 

Mastodon  5147G8.     Exhibited  by  J.  W.  Garvey.  Thayer,  111. 
Junior  Yearling— King  L  82951,  by  Long  King  82950,  out  of  Big  Bone  Maid  194912. 

Exhibited  by  C.  M.  Pederson,  Dunlap,  Iowa. 
Senior  P/ff— W.  A.  Wonder  281549,  by  Turkey  Valley  Orange  257487,  out  of  Bessie 

Wonder  643568.     Exhibited  by  J.  V.  Slepicka  &  Son,  Wilber,  Neb. 
Junior  P/fl— Bob's  Quality  281491,  by  Big  Bob  Wonder  252987,  out  of  Miss  Darkness 
17th  G46466.     Exhibited  by  H.  B.  Walter  &  Son,  Hningham.  Kas. 


NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WINNERS 


133 


Aged  Soiv—M's  Choice   648344,  by  Big  Bob  212613,  out  of  Big  Wonder's  Kind 

515648.    Exhibited  by  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111. 
Senior  YeaWinp— Orphan's  Big  Type  2d   194888,  by  Hather's  Big  Orphan  68981, 

out  of  Up-to-Date  154469.    Exhibited  by  W.  J.  Hather,  Ord,  Neb. 
Junior  Yearling— Model  188375,  by  Smooth  Big  Bob  75999,  out  of  Sallie  Ex  175189. 

Exhibited  by  Nels  C.  Jensen,  Exira,  Iowa. 
Senior  Pig — Bob's   Giantess   A  201807,  by   Big  Bob   71984,   out   of   Giantess  Best 

169340.    Exhibited  by  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning,  Iowa. 
Junior  Pig— Orange  Lady  642408,  by  Orange  Boy  230167,  out  of  I  Am  Miss  Wonder 

546214.    Exhibited  by  I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa. 
Grand  Champion  Boar— Caldwell's  Big  Bob  272689. 
Grand  Champion  Soa>— M's  Choice  648344. 


Caldwbxl's  Big  Bob  272689 

Grand   Champion  Boar  National  Swine  Show,  MIT.      Official   Weight,  1,122  Pounds.     No 

Boar   Was  Ever  a  More  Popular  Winner 

Caldwell's  Big  Bob  76436  S,  272689  A,  farrowed  February  16,  1915. 
Litter  9.     Weight  1122  lbs. 


Big  Bob  Womle 


TBig  Bob   719S4.... 

Miss   Orphan   Won 
der   171205 

fExpansive    34723.  . 

•I 

I  Colossus  Belle 
1^     (150407)    


r^u-   .  TD  •       oj   <oc<!c    fLongfellow    46816 
jChief  Pnce   2d  4SS65.|j^,^^  p^.^^  ^    ^^33^^ 

IR's   Lady   Won  /Long  Wonder  65334 

L     156520    "i^ A.  Lady  Wonder  142930 

fOrphan   Won.    71983.. jThe    Big   Orphan    63348 
J  "j^Lady  Wonder  2d   169913 

lr„„„    T     ,,  ,   nion^         f.Miller's   Longfw    58551 
LLong    Lady    171204 ..  .|p^.^^    ^^^^    ^^^^   ^^^^.^ 

rpxnan«inn    'RSq?  fOsborne's    Hadley    2625S 

r Expansion   26293 ^^^^^  Darkness  62317 

I  Z.   Highlander  f  Highlander   255S1 

L      (82189)    I^Zora  C.    82187 

|-°— -^- \^2^':insr' 

lrri..a    Ben    (-0203. ,{«---    403.S 


134  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHJNA  SWINE 

M's  Choice  648344,  farrowed  April  1,  1915.     Litter  6. 

rLongfellow    119997.  .  ./h""!,^^ 
Chief    Price    2d  \Mollie 


Big  Bob   21261a. 


I  Miss  Price 

Wonder  168023 


2S52.0.{: 


Chief   Price   61861 
Standard   Lady   A.   233840 


,Big  Wonder    160349. 


rLongWonderl68023.{^^Wonde.^l43m^ 

I  A   Lady   Wonder  fsmooth   Wonder  2d   145501 

'-     492532    l^Lady   Model  371350 

Long  Wonder  131497  ./^""^fellow  7th   95747 
OB        o    ae  "'^Wonder   Maid    277520 

Maid   B.    2d    233364... (Chief   Price    61861 

\0?anBe    Maid    2d    178888 
Kind    515648....]  TLong   King's   Egual      /Long  King   85927 

i^^S^T^^Sr.-". \       """^    ^^-    ^'-«-nt-s    351918 

Iwon.  Jum.  2d  476736. If  ^'""/"k"?'',^.^ 
I^Lady  Jumbo   1st  393646 

N.\TIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  1918 

The  National  Swine  show  for  1918  was  held  in  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 
The  committee  on  location  could  not  come  to  a  unanimous  decision  as 
to  location,  but  after  visiting  many  of  the  propositions  offered,  the  ma- 
jority selected  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

The  people  in  charge  from  Cedar  Rapids  did  everything  possible  to 
make  ready  for  the  show,  but  were  not  properly  coached,  and  as  a  result 


i.S«S?fe. 


Lady  Clan  2d  241333 

By    r.iu   Bob  211C13,   Out  of  Lady   Clan  liljun.      Senior  and   Orand   Champion   Sow   Jowa 

State,   v::(i.     A    Great  Inilividuat  and   Producer 

wore  not  equipped  to  handle  the  great  exhibition.  Horse  and  mule 
barns  of  a  local  firm  were  used,  but  being  of  wood  construction,  with 
no  sanitary  facilities,  such  as  were  furnished  by  the  Omaha  people, 
caused  the  exhibitors  to  complain  bitterly.  Tlie  show  rings  constructed 
proved  to  be  inadequate,  necessitating  the  driving  in  the  open,  which 


NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WIXNEHS  135 

under  the  warmth  of  an  October  sun,  was  welcomed.  Many  of  the  herds 
became  infected  with  hemorrhagic  septicemia,  and  were  placed  under 
quarantine  by  the  state  authorities,  and  others  carried  the  disease  to 
their  herds  at  home,  resulting  in  a  very  bitter  feeling  toward  Cedar  Rap- 
ids, the  show  management  and  every  one  connected  in  any  way  with  the 
show.  The  judges  selected  to  tie  the  ribbons  on  the  Poland  Chinas  were 
Ed  Klever,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio,  one  of  the  oldest  Poland  China  breeders 
and  showmen,  assisted  by  M.  P.  Hancher,  Rolfe,  Iowa.  Their  work  as 
a  whole,  while  conscientiously  rendered,  did  not  prove  satisfactory  to 
the  exhibitors,  some  of  which  could  be  credited  to  the  already  ill  feeling 
of  the  exhibitors,  due  to  conditions  previously  mentioned. 

Thos.  Hunter,  Morrow,  Ohio,  assisted  by  R.  C.  Ashby,  Chicago,  111., 
were  the  breed  superintendents. 

Aged  Boar— Big  Price's  Equal  2652G9;  sire,  Big  Quality  247167;  dam,  Big  Lady 

607674.     Exhibited  by  Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 
Senior  Yearling— Gianl  Smooth  Bone  280143;  sire,  Smooth  Big  Bone  196427;  dam, 

Good  Mollie  5th  527336.     Exhibited  by  O.  B.  Hensel,  Edelstein,  111. 
Junior  Yearling— Black  Price  295345;   sire,   Big  Price  243333;   dam,  Black  Belle 

583618.    Exhibited  by  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 
Senior  Pig— Expansion  King  309389;  sire,  Long  King  262527;  dam,  Expansion  Lady 

544726.     Exhibited  by  Robinson  and  Meharry,  Morton  and  Tolono,  111. 
Junior  Pig— Model  Bob  312351;  sire.  Big  Bob  Boy  287315;   dam,  Winnie's  Equal 

659226.     Exhibited  by  Willard  W.  Walters,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 
Aged  Sow— Josephine  1st  191278;  sire,  King  of  Wonders  65159;   dam,  Josephine 

191154.     Exhibited  by  Chas.  E.  Lyden  &  Son,  Manning,  Iowa. 
Senior  Yearling — Bob's  Giantess  B  711196;  sire,  Big  Bob  212613;   dam.  Giantess 

Best  528232.     Exhibited  by  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111. 
Junior  Yearling— Zelma  Knox  729672;  sire.  Our  Big  Knox  315907;  dam,  Zelma  B 

1st  721240.     Exhibited  by  Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas. 
Senior  Gi7<— Sensation  2d  721260;  sire,  Caldwell's  Big  Bob  272689;  dam,  Zelma 

B  1st  721240.     Exhibited  by  Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas. 
Junior  Gilt— Liberty  Girl  722296;  sire,  Blue  Valley  Big  Bone  300545;  dam,  Mollie 

Big  Bone  643574.     Exhibited  by  M.  C.  Brown  &  Son,  Martinsville,  Ohio. 
Grand  Champion  Boar- Black  Price  295345  A. 
Grand  Champion  Sow — Josephine  1st  191278  S. 

Black  Price  295345,  farrowed  March  10,  1917.    Litter  11. 


Big  Price  243333. 


'Long   Price   228i!45 


Giantess  462612. 


Chief  Price  Again        'Chief  Price  Again  147523 
I       2d   170007 \Lady   Jumbo    398370 

f  W.'s  Wonder  170943 
•\Giantess  B.  423628 

jverdale   Hadley       /sig  Hadley   133105 
161579    \Clover.  Beauty  3d   359002 

fjumbo    129473 
■  LBlack   Beauty  3d   320764 


Giantess  D.    4S7430. 


Belle  320766, 


^Old   Maid    559934. 


;ig   Cloverdale  fcentennial    176639 

253389    l^ Countess  Again   42S 


'■  fcioverdale   Hadley   161579 

Hadley    C.    242677.  ...  Lselle    C.    401584 

Black  Maid   559932.  .  .  {'^^"'''1  f  ^,"''"7  """' 
Lcioverdale  Maid  35S996 


136 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 


Josephine  1st  738088,  farrowed  March  19,  1916.    Litter  8. 


rosephine   737454 


.A   Wonder   107353. 


ri  iir„„^        otcoi       fSur.   Wonder  4th    59693 

Long  Wonder  85533.  J  ^^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^   j^.^^. 


Iiu   Hi     v.i,-    MfijTi        fldeal   Medium    4th    77605 
I^Muiiie   ra.r   -^''^  '  <    •  •  ^  ^hiteface   215060 

fLong  King-s   Equal      JLongr  King  S5927 

Mammoth   Giantess       I      177373    \P.   W.'s   Giantess  351918 

Equal  484552 J,  '- 

Mammoth    Giantess       fW-QOdbine   Chief   79607 
^     3d   391308 1  Mammoth  Giantess  3325( 


r 


/Chief   Price    2d    93149 
Smooth   Price   153321  .igmooth   Maid   336492 


Big  Mollie  391186.... |5'^,.B°"«    137161 
I^Mollie  Jones   5th 


I  (  i:.ong 

[Long   Model   ^68396..^ 


Wonder  196797. 


th   300686 
/crow's  Kind   184167 
\Princess   Lady   377362 


Miss  Model   2d  /Long   Chief    192881 


•  1  Miss  Model  464856 


N.KTIONAL  SWINE   SHOW    1919 

The  National  Swine  show  for  1919  was  handled  by  the  National  Swine 
Growers  association  proper.  The  State  Fair  grounds  of  Iowa  were  se- 
cured, and  the  great  organization  weathered  by  three  years  of  show  ex- 
perience, put  on  the  greatest  exposition  in  its  history.  Under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  newly  elected  secretary,  W.  J.  Carmichael,  the  organization 
moved  like  clock-work;  ample  housing  for  all  stock,  sanitary  conditions 
par  excellence,  and  a  general  good  fellowship  among  the  breeders  pre- 
vailed. 

Chas.  A.  Marker,  Auburn,  111.,  was  selected  as  the  judge,  and  before 
him  were  driven  the  greatest  line-up  of  boars  and  sows  that  were  ever 
dreamed  of.  Sixteen  aged  boars,  representing  the  grand  champions  of 
many  states,  were  in  competition  for  the  eight  moneys. 


By  Mc's  Big  Orange  -'.'i 


iiKit  Swine  Show,  19IU 


NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WINNERS  137 

'*^''2f258r^FxMh»PHl^^U=  '''■^'  ^"''^  W^  ^■■^^"S^  293865;  dam,  Orange  Lady  2d 
^f)i6»0.     Exhibited  by  Bloemendaal  Bros.,  Orange  City   Iowa 

5en/or  yeaWmff-Propeller  91567;  sire,  Caldwell's  Big  Bob  76436;  dam,  Zelma  B 
1st  175034.     Exhibited  by  Warren  &  Bates,  Guthrie  Center,  Iowa 

Jumor  ^^"^''"^-Repeater  326871;  sire,  Giant  Buster  240657;  dam,  Orange  Lunker 
2d  747776.     Exhibited  by  Chas.  E.  Lyden,  Manning,  Iowa. 

Senior  P/g-— Nobility  355355;  sire.  Big  Square  Jumbo  258589;  dam.  Jumbo  Lady 
652460.     Exhibited  by  E.  C.  Caverly  &  Son,  Toulon,  111. 

•^""'■^^n-P'/.— Liberty  Lad  356483;  sire  Liberty  Bond  309309;  dam.  Matchless  Lady 
720374.     Exhibited  by  Winn  &  Moore,  Randolph,  Mo. 

Aged  Sow— Miss  Bob  Wonder  623286;  sire.  Big  Bob  212613;  dam,  Miss  Big  Wonder 
515668.     Exhibited  by  Meyer  Bros.  &  Parkert,  Hooper,  Neb. 

^^'"'?^.HlT=/QQf^^';?'?;'l-^'*i\^20602;  sire,  Prairie  Giant  198839;  dam.  Big  Fair 
Lady  653350.     Exhibited  by  Blackburn  &  Meharry,  Henry  and  Tolono    111 

Junior  yfa;;'/"f—M's  Giantess  804224;  sire.  Long  Joe  265521;  dam.  Giantess  Won- 
der 450990.     Exhibited  by  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111. 

Senior  G///— Lady  Clan  2d  241339;  sire,  Big  Bob  212613;  dam.  Lady  Clan  227569. 
Exhibited  by  Winn  &  Moore,  Randolph,  Mo. 

Grand  Champion  Boar — The  Pilot  297441. 

Grand  Champion  Sow — Miss  Bob  Wonder  623286. 

The  Pilot  297441,  farrowed  February  20,  1917. 

f Orange  Chief  82233../^^'^^   ^"i^^.  ^^S" 

1  Orange  Maid  178886 
fBig  Orange  145509.  .  .-!  ^ 

.                         I                                               I  Miss  Longfellow  J  Wonder  3d  90541 

Ifsfef  "     J  '-      E.    309684 |Miss  Longfw  A.    223586 

{A  Wonder   107353....  fLong  Wonder  131497 
|Mollie   Fair   246474 
^^0^3^"-.'°"''^'^        |Up-to  Date  36007 
\AU   Queen  116366 

(-Big  Ben   208905 f'Sn^oc-th  Price  153321 

rxx  ,        o„„,„„  |MolIie   Jones  5th  300686 

'Hercules    232407 J  "^ 

I  I  Mammoth   Giantess     /Long  King's  Equal  177373 

Orange    Lady  I-     Equal  484552 1  .Mam.  Giantess  3d  391308 

2d   662580 <  > 

fBig  Orange  145509.  .  .|°"^"f  ^^'^^,  ^"SS 
I                                                 J  \ Miss  Longfellow  E.  309684 

i-Orange  Lady  537670.. i  f„,  ,,„,,, 

Colossal  Lady  J  Colossal  193441 

*-      491904    |_My  Choice  461698 

Miss  Bob  Wonder  623286,  farrowed  April  10,  1915.    Litter  12. 

fLongfellow   119997..    /Longfellow  7th  95747 
-Chief   Price    2d  i  l^oHie  Fair  2d  266940 

"^^^^    I  Miss  Price  A.  295240. /chief   Price    61861 

L  1  .Standard  Lady  A.   233840 

Big  Bob   212613.  .J  r 

rLong  Wonder  168023. J  A.   Wonder   143421 
R.'s   Lady  Wonder         I  1  Mischief   2d    367946 

496684    ■{  ; 

^                                                   A  Lady  Wonder  J  Smooth   Won.    2d    145501 

'^     *92532    \Lady  Model  371350 

fLong  Wonder  131497, /^°"S^«"°^   »"47 
r  ^Wonder  Maid    277520 

fBig  Wonder   160349.. J  ^ 

Maid   B.    2d    233364... J  Chief  Price  61861 
Miss  Big  Won-  L  l,Orange  Maid  2d  178888 

der  515668 S  „  .     ^         r 

I  ^^"^45501  |a  Wonder  107353 

I  Big  Model   458564 J  LMoUie  284130 

[chief   Model   426278.  ./chief  Price  2d  93149 
LModel's  Tec.   357192 


NATIONAL   SWINE  SHOW   1920 

National  Swine  show  in  1920  was  held  on  the  Iowa  State  fair  grounds 
and  under  the  supervision  and  direction  of  the  National  Swine  Growers 
association.    From  the  point  of  numbers,  the  Poland  Chinas  exceeded 


138  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

all  other  breeds,  having  307  entries  from  thirty-four  exhibitors,  but  the 
quality  of  entries  was  far  below  standard.  It  was  woefully  deficient  in 
quality  and  even  only  moderately  satisfactory  in  types  presented.  One 
of  the  breed  papers  in  reporting  the  show  gave  the  following  head  line 
to  their  story: 

"Fair  Poland  China  Show  at  the  National.  The  fifth  swine  show  pre- 
sented least  desirable  exhibit  of  Big  Blacks  and  failed  to  live  up  to  es- 
tablished reputation." 

Another  breed  organ  gave  as  their  head  line :  "Poland  China  breed 
outclassed  at  National  Show.  Other  breeds  exhibited  better  class  of  hogs 
at  the  great  classic,  although  many  excellent  individual  Polands  were 
on  the  grounds." 

From  the  outset  many  of  the  breeders  expressed  a  lack  of  confidence 
in  the  judgment  of  Judge  W.  J.  Hather,  as  he  was  little  known  as  a  judge, 
however,  having  been  a  breeder  of  Poland  Chinas  for  a  great  many 
years.  There  was  no  question  but  that  his  work  was  conscientiously 
and  sincerely  done,  but  his  failure  to  consistently  follow  type,  and  his 
selections  in  several  classes  were  the  occasion  of  some  very  severe  criti- 
cisms from  both  exhibitors  and  spectators. 

There  were  a  number  of  animals  left  entirely  out  of  the  money,  in 
some  classes,  that  were  favorites  with  many  of  the  most  capable  judges 
for  top  pen  placings.  Probably  the  most  serious  criticisms  were  in  the 
placings  of  the  grand  champion  boar  award,  and  the  junior  yearling  boar 
class.  The  former  was  awarded  to  the  junior  champion  of  the  show, 
and  while  a  wonderfully  good  fall  pig,  he  was  not,  in  the  estimation  of 
the  exhibitors,  a  worthy  contestant  for  grand  championship  honor. 

The  junior  yearling  boar  class  made  a  great  show  and  the  breeders 
and  exhibitors  showed  considerable  disapproval  of  the  placements,  a 
share  of  which  is  credited  to  an  effort  on  the  part  of  the  friends  of  a  few 
exhibitors  to  make  a  noticeable  demonstration  in  disapproval  of  the  low 
awards  given  their  hogs. 

At  no  show  of  Poland  Chinas  ever  held,  have  so  many  visitors  from 
as  wide  a  territory  congregated  to  view  the  placings.  Seats  lining  both 
sides  of  the  show  ring  were  packed  throughout  the  judging.  Judge,  W. 
J.  Hather,  Ord,  Nebr. ;  breed  superintendent,  A.  R.  Simpson,  Chicago,  111. 

The  show  was  honored  by  representatives  from  Italy,  in  the  persons 
of  the  Marquis  and  Marquise  Idelfonso  Stanga. 

The  exhibitors  and  awards  are  as  follows: 

THE  EXHIBITORS 

H.  F.  Adams,  Castleton,  111.  L.  S.  Fisher  &  Son,  Edgewood,  Iowa. 

C.  E.  Anderson  &  Son,  Toulon,  111.  Glover  &  Winn,  Grandview,  Mo. 

W.  O.  Bowers,  Conway,  Iowa.  Graham  Sons,  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 

Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas.  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 

Norval  Clark,  Beaver  Crossing,  Neb.  Griflin  &  Son,  Manson,  Iowa. 

I.  J.  Conrad,  Melbourne,  Iowa.  Hassler,  Halford  &  Porter,  Manning,  la. 

Wm.  Cottrill,  Des  Moines,  Iowa.  Ben  C.  Heyne,  Hooper,  Neb. 

C.  W.  Crees,  Coon  Rapids,  Iowa.  Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 

Ed  Diffey  &  Son,  North  Bend,  Neb.  Carl  J.  Larsen,  Tekamah,  Neb. 

A.  M.  Donald  &  Sons,  Seymour,  Iowa.  Sol  L.  Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

M.  .\.  Dowling,  Valley  Junction,  Iowa.  O.  J.  McCullough,  Clarks,  Neb. 

T.  E.  Durbin,  King  City,  Mo.  J.  D.  McDonald,  West  Salem,  Wis. 


NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WINNERS 


EXHIBITORS    (continued) 


Kenneth  March,  Lehigh,  Iowa. 
Homer  L.  Messamer,  Adel,  Iowa. 
John  F.  O'Brien,  Madison,  Wis. 
Geo.  N.  Parker,  Hooper,  Neb. 
D.  H.  Paul,  Haverhill,  Iowa. 

F.  G.  Paul,  Marshalltown,  Iowa. 

G.  E.  Petty,  Versailles,  Mo. 
Pleasant  Hill  Farm,  Leshara,  Neb. 


W.  M.  Schrader,  Stuart,  Iowa. 
N.  C.  Shively,  Clinton,  III. 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  Iowa. 
Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind. 
Silvis  H.  Stamm,  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 
H.  M.  Steussy,  Algona,  Iowa. 
Walter  G.  Trueblood,  Salem,  Ind. 
J.  B.  Tye  &  Sons,  Pleasanton,  Iowa. 


Aged  Boars    (11   Shown)— Hassler,   Halford   &   Porter   on    Major   Jumbo    328537; 

farrowed  August   31,   1917;   sire,  Mable's  Jumbo  244031;   dam.  Big  Bone   2d 

635814.    Ofiicial  weight,  962  pounds. 
Senior  Yearling  Boars  (3  shown)— Carl  J.  Larson  on  Omaha  Bob  102255;  farrowed 

September  6,  1918;  sire.  King  Omaha  85969;  dam.  Big  Bob's  Queen  204076. 

Ofiicial  weight,  802  pounds. 
Junior  Yearling  Boars  (12  Shown)— Grahams  &  Glover  on  Liberator  Buster  375555; 

farrowed  March  9,  1919;  sire,  Liberator  356319;  dam.  Buster's  Best 

Official  weight,  770  pounds. 


LiEERATOp.  Leader  427541 
•  Out  of  Big  Lil  G.  !>S8i70.     Junior  and  Grand  Chavtpion,   National  Su 
Show  I'Jlll.     Weight  539  Pounds.     Farrowed  September  S,  ISl'.i 


Senior  Boar  Pigs    (17  Shown) — Glover  &   Winn   on   Liberator's   Leader   113376; 

farrowed  September  8,  1919;  sire.  Liberator  92965;  dam.  Big  Lil  G  268041. 

OfTicial  weight,  539  pounds. 
Junior  Boar  Pigs    (18   Shown) — Sol   L.   Leonard  on   Freckles  416333;   farrowed 

March  1,  1920;  sire,  Liberator  92965;  dam,  Princess  Buster  840269.     Official 

weight,  328  pounds. 
Aged  Sows  (7  shown) — Geo.  N.  Parkett  on  Nancy  Masterpiece  815560;  farrowed 

September  4,  1917;  sire,  Big  Masterpiece  264845;  dam,  Nancy  598256.     Official 

weight,  788  pounds. 
Senior  Yearling  Sows — Silver  Brook  Farm  on  Buster's  Clipper  260826;  farrowed 

September  2,  1918;  sire.  Giant  Buster  90455;  dam.  Big  Lady  232992.     Official 

weight,  650  pounds. 
Junior  Yearling  Sows — I.  J.  Conrad  on  Giant  Maid  971978;  farrowed  April  6,  1919; 

sire,  Hawkeye  Giant  323785;  dam.  Orange  Maid  801174.     Official  weight,  670 

pounds. 
Senior  Sow  Pigs — Silverbrook  Farm  on  Orange  Lady  3d  295094;  farrowed  Septem- 
ber  10,   1919;   sire.   Revelation   117503;   dam.   Orange   Lady   266252.      Official 

weight,  463  pounds. 


140 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Junior  Soiv  Pigs— G\o\er  &  Winn  on  Prize  Lady  987948;  farrowed  March  12,  1920; 

sire,  Columbian  Giant  374229;  dam,  Miss  Price  718968.     Official  weight,  326 

pounds. 
Grand  Champion  Boar — Liberator's  Leader  11 3370. 
Grand  Champion  Sow — Giant  Maid  971978. 

Liberator's  Leader  427541,  farrowed  September  8,  1919. 

J  Grand  Master  1S3879 
■|_  Orphan  Maid  1st  5397S0 
1  Kramer's    Kind  f  Right   Kind   197975 

L      592374    "i^  Big   Standard    578106 

rA/ro=fo,.„;^„      ocToi-       /Grand   Master  1S3879 
I  Masterpiece    2"34.. .  .|  ^^^^^^^.^    standard    436424 

I  Fashion   Princess         /Long  View's  Won.   277741 
'-      637126    L  Lady   Thicltset   637124 

/Big  Jones  Again   198153 
•  (^King's   Maid   539060 


Liberator  35631 


Girl    81S360. 


Kig  Lil  G.    9384"0 


Big  Lil   774102. 


>uw's    Minnie  /mouw's  Sm.  Jumbo  210027 

"^^■'^^    \Mollie   King  2d   526234 

rDisher's  Giant  f  Big   Ben    208905 

240655    \  Mam,   Giant.   Equal   4S4552 

S   Lil   555924 f  Big   Wonder    178565 

\Lady  Lunker  538712 


Giant  Maid  971978,  farrowed  April  6,  1919. 


Hawkeye  Giant 


iawkey 
323785 


r  Giant  Ben   236953  ...  .|^i^  ^'Vl^L   c 
\King's   Girl    519356 

I  King's    Giantess  /King   of  Wonders    205757 

I      674108    [Mary  Ann  533396 


Big  Timm  19 


j  Fessy's  Timm  256027,^g^»^;  ■■■■--, 
[orange   Girl    671056.  ./ 


Fesenmeyer's  A  W.  225497 
Miss  Orange   641912 


Orange   Boy   230167. 


Leader  Maid  7472GS 


Koors    Model    514 


938. /■T"' 
iMi; 


LColossal   Lady    491904 
85275 
ss  Ranes   2d   409846 
fRing  Leader  262327.. ^Big  Bone   Giant   233859 
I  LBelle  Orient  3d  426194 

Miss  Chief  2d  50344 


*AGE,  PLACINGS  AND  OFFICIAL  WEIGHTS  OF  THE  1920  N.VTIONAL  WINNERS 


Premium 

1 


AGED  BO.\RS 

Name  Owner 

Major  Jumbo Hassler,      Halford      & 

Porter   

Long  King Fred  Sievers 

Jumbo  Timm  3d O.  J.  McCullough 

Orange  Leader VV.  M.  Shrader 

Winning  Timm Kritzeck  Bros 

Emancipator    Glover  &  Winn 

Smooth  Long  Halvor Fred  Paul 

Paul  Jones Edward  DifTev  &  Son . 

Average 

SENIOR    YEARLING    BOARS 


Premium         Name  Owner 

1  Omaha  Bob Carl  J.  Larsen .  . 

2  Greater  Omaha Griffin  &  Son  .  .  . 

3  Ashly n  Boy H.  L.  Messamer . 

.\verage  .... 


Age 

(days) 

Weight 

1,131 

962 

944 

980 

945 

974 

857 

920 

897 

800 

940 

854 

822 

1,314 

1,118 

1,004 

938 

Age 

(davs) 

Weight 

701 

802 

705 

800 

594 

589 

700  2 

3    750 

NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW  WINNERS 


JUNIOR    YEARLING    BOARS 


Name 
Liberator  Biistc 

Revelation 

King  Cole 

Giant  Boy 

Decide 

King's  Wonder 
Enockulator.  .. 
Yankee  Boy. . . 


Age 

Owner 

(days) 

weight 

Graham  &  Sons 

. .        573 

Glover  &  Winn 

573 

720 

G.  E.  Petty 

576 

760 

T.  E.  Durbin 

563 

770 

C.  W.  Crees 

575 

860 

Ed  Diffey  &  Sons.. 

574 

732 

J.  D.  McDonald 

579 

634 

H.  L.  Messamer 

581 

643 

Average 

5741/4 

736 

SENIOR    BO.AR    PIGS 


I        Name 
Liberator's  Leader.  . 

Liberator's  Ace 

Tye's  Liberator 

The  Harvester 

Searchlight 

Liberator's  Monarch 

Son  of  Liberty 

Mc's   Disturber 


Name 


Owner 
.Glover  &  Winn. . .  . 
.Glover  &  Winn. . . . 
.J.  B.  Tye  &  Sons.  .  . 
.C.  E.  Anderson.  .  .  . 
.Silver  Brook  Farm. 

.Glover  &  Winn 

.H.  F.  Adams 

.J.  D.  McDonald 

Average  


JUNIOR   BOAR   PIGS 


Owner 


Freckles Sol  Leonard 

The  Pathfinder M.  A.  Dowling 

The  Headlight M.  A.  Dowling 

The  Invader I.  J.  Conrad 

Big  Arch  Back  Price Kntzeck  Bros 

Progressive   O.  J.  McCullough  . 

Big  Price  King J.  D.  McDonald.  . 

Mc's  Ideal O.  J.  McCullough. 

Average 


Age 
(days) 
394 


399 
396% 


Age 
(days) 
216 
210 
215 
212 
215 
215 
215 
215 
214% 


Weight 
539 
517 
558 
482 
445 
514 
498 
428 
498 


Weight 
328 
342 


240 
235 
243 
220 
239 
268 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


AGED  SOWS 

Age 
Owner  (days) 

Geo.   N.  Parkerl 1,128 

945 


Premium        Name 

1  Nancy  Masterpiece 

2  Orange  May  2d Fred  Caldwell 

3  Bower's   Giantess W.  A.  Bowers.  . 

4  Price  Lady  Bob Kritzeck  Bros..  . 

5  Van  Der  Wilt  Lucky J.  D.  McDonald. 

6  Model  Orange H.  F.  Adams.  .  .  . 

7  The  Pilot  Type John  F.  O'Brien 

Average  


Name 


SENIOa  YEARLING  SOWS 

Owner 


Buster's  Clipper Silver  Brook  Farm.  . 

Wonder  Queen J.  D.  McDonald 

Lady  Clansman H.  F.  Adams 

Jumbo's  Mary M.  A.  Dowling 

Big  Model John  F.  O'Brien 

Average 


Nar 


JUNrOn  YEARLING  SOWS 


Owner 


Giant  Maid I.  J.  Conrad 

Liberator's  Best Glover  &  Winn ... . 

Miss  Rainbow Wm.  Cottrell 

Giantess  Equal  1st Silver  Brook  Farm. 

Miss  Quality J.   D.   McDonald .  .  . 

Mc's  Miss  Price J.  D.  McDonald. . . . 

Clan's  Orange Silver  Brook  Farm . 

Caverly  Queen E.  C.  Caverly 

Average  


SENIOR    sow    PIGS 


Name 


Owner 


Orange  Lady  3d Silver  Brook  Farm. 

Clan's  Girl  3d Silver  Brook  Farm . 

Clan's  Girl  2d Silver  Brook  Farm  . 

Buster's  Delight Glover  &'Winn.  .  .  . 

Bob's  Miss  Porter J.  D.  McDonald 

Winning  Queen  7th Graham  &  Sons.  .  . 

Mastodon  Lassie J.  D.  McDonald. . . . 

Lady  Timm Kritzeck  Bros 

Average  


Name 


JUNIOR   sow    PIGS 


Owner 


Prize  Lady Glover  &  Winn 

Black  Lil  2d Pleasant  Hill  Farm. 

Princess Sol    Leonard 

Fashion  Princess Sol  Leonard 

Liberty  Princess Sol  Leonard 

Miss  Timm  Jones  3d W.  O.  Bowers 

Valley  Maid M.  A.  Dowling 

Miss  Rainbow M.  A.  Dowling 

Average  


812 
1,130 
935 
952 
958  3-7 


'eight 
788 
740 
714 

lame 
774 
655 
598 
712 


(days) 
76r 


765 
764 
639 
594 
761 
704  3-5 


Weight 
350 


632 
644 
626 
558 
622 


Age 
(days) 
546 
573 
535 
570 
576 
580 
556 
567 
562% 

Age 
(days) 
392 
400 
400 
400 
398 
397 
390 
397 
398% 

Age 
(days) 
205 
213 
216 
216 
216 
212 
210 
210 
212% 


Weight 
670 
570 
597 
529 
682 
592 
530 
610 
598 


Weight 
463 
446 
444 
423 
466 
467 
438 
469 
452 


Weight 
326 
307 
318 
310 
318 


254 
256 
297 


•Compiled    by   The 


CHAPTER  XXll 

*  Poland  China  Champions  1910-1920 

r  ROM  the  beginning  of  Poland  China  history,  the  show-ring  has  been 
the  "measurer"  of  progress  of  the  breed.  We  call  your  attention  to 
Chapter  5,  "Foundation  Material,"  wherein  are  listed  a  number  of  pedi- 
grees referring  to  winnings  at  various  shows.  Among  these  are  the  two 
foundation  boars  of  the  breed,  namely,  Zack  and  Irwin's  Sweepstakes, 
shown  at  the  St.  Louis  fair  in  1869.  We  wish  it  were  possible  to  give 
their  placings,  but  a  wide  research  has  not  availed  us  of  this  record. 
Sufficeth  to  say,  the  impressions  made  by  the  superiority  of  these  two 
great  boars  marked  a  beginning  in  the  actual  process  of  developing  a 
new  breed. 

It  would  no  doubt  be  most  interesting  to  know  of  the  winners  from 
1869  to  the  time  of  our  subject,  and  for  a  major  part  we  have  given  such 
information  in  other  chapters,  but  this  complete  record  of  champions 
for  the  past  decade  will  undoubtedly  bring  back  pleasant  memories  to 
many  who  so  gallantly  fought  battles  for  supremacy  in  the  exhibiting 
of  their  hogs. 

Competition  and  conflict  product  opportunities  that,  when  properly 
met,  produce  a  betterment  in  type  and  merits  of  a  breed.  The  show- 
ring  is  the  school  where  men  learn  the  type  and  individual  merits  of 
the  breed.  For  the  most  part  the  Poland  Chinas  have  been  very  suc- 
cessful in  reaching  a  satisfactory  type,  cherishing  today  the  coveted 
honor  of  leading  all  other  breeds  in  the  nearest  to  perfection,  so  far  as 
human  intelligence  can  fix  as  a  perfect  hog,  the  attainment  of  which  is 
largely  due  to  the  unselfish  foresight  of  those  who  have  exhibited  their 
hogs  and  profited  thereby. 

1910 

IOWA  STATE  FAIR  Weight  by  Big  Bone  Mouw;  dam,  Ex- 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar— J.  E.  pansion  Blue  2d  by  Expansion. 

Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  B.  L.'s  Per-  Champion  Sow— J.  C.  Meese,  Ord,  Neb., 

fection  by  Perfect  I  Know;  dam,  Per-  on  Miss  Mastiff  by  Young  Tecumseh; 

feet  Louise  by  S.  P.'s  Perfection.  dam,  Miss  Priceless  2d  by  M.'s  Black 

Junior    Champion    Boar—S.    P.    Chiles,  Chief  2d. 

Fairfield   la.  Champion  Soil)  Bred   by  Exhibitor — J. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow— 3.  E.  C.  Meese  on  Miss  Mastiff. 

Meharry  on  Violet  by  Erector;   dam,  kansas  state  fair,  Hutchinson 
Nell  R  by  Lover             ,    „    ,,  .  Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar- 
Junior   Champion   Sow— J.   E.   Meharry  „_     ^^^     c„k....     r  „.„L,     ..„.      „ 


on  Cinderella  by  Erector;  dam,  Nancy 
B.  Corrector  by  Corrector. 


Geo.    W.    Roberts,    Larned,    Kas.,    on 

Meddler    Sunshine    by    Meddler    2d; 

dam,  Keep  On  Sunshine  by  Keep  On. 

NEBRASKA  STATE  FAIR  Junior  Chompiou  Boar — Geo.  W.   Rob- 

Champion  Boar — Lyman  Peck,  Ft.  Cal-  erts    on    Looking    Forward    by    King 

houn,  Neb.,  on  Big  Mischief.  Darkness;  dam.  Keep  On  Sunshine  by 

Champion  Boar  Bred  by  Exhibitor— 'W.  Keep  On. 

E.  Willey,  Steele  City,  Neb.,  on  Heavy      Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 


144 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Stryker    Bros.,    Fredonia,     Kas.,     on 
Courtley. 
Junior    Champion   Soiv — Stryker    Bros, 
on  Pilot  Bud. 

INDIANA   STATE   FAIR 

Champion  Boar — Locke  &  Dodge,  Rem- 
ington, Ind.,  on  L.  &  W.'s  Successor 
by  L.  &  W.'s  Perfection;  dam,  Stylish 
Sunshine  by  Stylish  Keep  On. 

Champion  Boar  Bred  by  Exhibitor — • 
Locke  &  Dodge  on  L.  &  W.'s  Succes- 
sor. 

Champion  Sow — Wellington  &  Spring, 
Clymers,  Ind.,  on  Master  L.  &  W. 

Champion  Sow  Bred  by  Exhibitor — 
Wellington  &  Spring  on  Master  L.  & 
W. 

KANSAS   STATE    FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Champion  Boar— J.  C.  Meese,  Ord,  Neb., 
on  Young  Mastiff  by  Meese's  Mastiff; 
dam.  Lady  Superior  by  King  Look. 

Champion  Sow — J.  C.  Meese  on  Miss 
Mastiff  by  Young  Tecumseh;  dam. 
Miss  Priceless  2d  by  M.'s  Black  Chief 
2d. 


MISSOURI    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — ■ 
John  Belcher,  Raymore,  Mo.,  on  Ex- 
pansion Wonder  by  Expansion;  dam. 
Big  Lady  I  by  Chief  I. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — S.  Y.  Burks, 
Bolivar,  Mo.,  on  Perfection  Boy  by 
Walbridge;  dam,  Maud  Wilkes  by 
Dominator. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — W. 
H.  Burks,  Bolivar,  Mo.,  on  Christmas 
Lass  by  Meddler  Corrected;  dam. 
Runaway  Girl. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Noel  Bros.,  La 
Belle,  Mo.,  on  Noel's  Perfect  Lady. 

ILLINOIS   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 

E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Banker's 

Model  by  Banker;  dam.  Flower  Line 

by  Next  in  Line. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — S.    P.    Chiles, 

Fairfield,  la.,  on  Uhlan. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 

Meharry  on  Violet. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — S.  P.  Chiles  on 

Lady  Fairfield  2d. 


1911 


IOWA    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  III.,  on  I  Am  Banker 
by  First  Mate;  dam,  Leona  by  Banker. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Peter  the  Great  by  Comptroller; 
dam,  Nannie  7th  by  Erector. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry  on  Cinderella  by  Erector; 
dam,  Nannie  B.  Corrector  by  Correc- 
tor. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Nannie  9th  by  Corrector;  dam, 
Nannie  7th  by  Erector. 

NEBRASKA   STATE  FAIR 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age — Henry  Lauer, 
Eldorado,  la.,  on  Chief  Again  Price 
by  Chief  Price  Again;  dam,  Lady 
Jumbo  by  Long  Chief. 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor— Same. 

Champion  Sow,  Any  Age — R.  B.  Baird, 
Central  City,  Neb.,  on  Baird's  Model 
2d  by  Big  Columbus;  dam,  Baird's 
Model. 

Champion  Sow,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor— Same. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  Champion  Boar — C.  F.  Gummert, 
Renville,  Minn.,  on  Tip  Top  by  Mag- 
net; dam,  Miss  On  295246. 


Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — G. 

W.  Wheeler  &  Son,  Kasson,  Minn.,  on 

Big    Corrector   by    Correct    Thickset; 

dam,  Sweet  Ina  by  Thickset. 
Senior   and   Grand  Champion   Sow — G. 

W.  Wheeler  &  Son  on  Stylish  Lady  by 

Matchless  I  Know;  dam.  Sensation  by 

Thickset  Jr. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — E.  J.  Cowles  & 

Son,   West  Concord,   Minn.,   on  Jane 

Jones  2d. 

KANSAS    STATE   FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Champion  Boar — W.  T.  Hammond,  Por- 

tis,  Kas.,  on  Blue  Valley  Chief  by  Blue 

Valley  Blue. 
Champion  Sow — C.  W.  Jones,  Solomon, 

Kas.,  on  Miss  Mollie  by  Ovation;  dam, 

Jr.  Queen  3d. 

KANSAS   STATE  FAIR,  HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Lee 
Stanford,  Lyons,  Kas.,  on  Smuggler  by 
E.  L.'s  Clover  Bud;  dam,  Fantastic  by 
Impudence. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — G.  W.  Roberts, 
Earned,  Kas.,  on  Meadow  Chief  2d  by 
Meadow  Chief;  dam  by  E.  L.'s  Clover 
Bud. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — The 
Mortons,  Tampa,  Kas.,  on  Belton's 
Pride  by  Star  Pointer;  dam,  Masti- 
cator. 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


Junior  Champion  Sow — Stryker  Bros., 
Fredonia,  Kas.,  on  Triumph  by  The 
Pilot;  dam.  Coquette. 

MISSOURI    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
E.  Finley,  Smithton,  Mo.,  on  Chief 
Spellbinder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — D.  B.  Right- 
mire,  Monticello,  Mo. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Fuller  Bros.,  Humphreys,  Mo.,  on  Lit- 
tle Surprise. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — H.  T.  Hall, 
Kirksville,  Mo.,  on  Betsy. 

ILLINOIS   STATE  FAIR 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 


Francis  &  Marker,  New  Lenox,  111., 
on  Marcus  by  Meddler  Keep  On;  dam. 
Corrector  Perfection  2d  by  Francis 
Perfection. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry, 
Tolono,  111.,  on  Banker  2d's  Image  by 
Banker  2d;  dam,  Blue  Bird  Corrector 
2d  by  Corrector. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry  on  Cinderella  by  Erector; 
dam,  Nancy  B.  Corrector  by  Correc- 
tor. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Carver  Bros., 
Princeton,  111.,  on  Flash  On  by  High 
Grade;  dam,  Flashy  Come  by  Come 
On. 


1912 


IOWA   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — S. 
A.  Roberts,  Knoxville,  la.,  on  A  Model 
by  Blake's  Best;  dam,  Bettie's  Dude  by 
C.'s  Dude. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Chas.  H. 
Krumm,  Postville,  la.,  on  Chief  I 
Know  by  Krumm's  Chief;  dam,  Dark- 
ness 6th  by  Expansion  King  Jr. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Louise  Model 
by  Banker's  Model;  dam,  Louise  Har- 
vester by  The  Harvester. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Perfect  Model  by  Banker's  Model; 
dam,  Perfect  Lady  2d  by  On  the  Dot. 

NEBRASKA  STATE   FAIR 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age — R.  B.  Baird, 
Central  City,  Neb.,  on  Columbus  by 
Big  Columbus;  dam,  Nellie  B.  by  Or- 
phan Boy. 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor— Same. 

Champion  Sow,  Any  Age — F.  P.  Robin- 
son, Maryville,  Mo.,  on  May's  Giant- 
ess by  Giant  Bob;  dam,  Mae  by  Giant 
Dick. 

Champion  Sow,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor— Same. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry, 
Tolono,  111.,  on  Banker's  Model  2d  by 
Banker's  Model;  dam,  Charity  Keep- 
sake 3d. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
E.  Meharry  on  Perfect  Banker  by 
Banker's  Model;  dam.  Perfect  Lady. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Nannie  9th  by  Comptroller;  dam, 
Nannie  7th. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 


Meharry  on  Perfect  Model  2d  by 
Banker's  Model;  dam.  Perfect  Lady 
1st. 

KANSAS    STATE   FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — R. 
B.  Baird,  Central  City,  Neb.,  on  Co- 
lumbus by  Big  Columbus;  dam,  Nellie 
B.  by  Orphan  Boy. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Stryker  Bros., 
Fredonia,  Kas.,  on  Casino. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — R. 
B.  Baird  on  Champion  of  1912. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  C.  Meese, 
Ord,  Neb.,  on  M.'s  Choice. 

KANSAS    STATE    FAIR,    HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Lee 

Stanford,  Lyons,  Kas.,  on  Smuggler  by 

E.  L.'s  Cloverbud;  dam.  Fantastic  by 

Impudence. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Stryker  Bros., 

Fredonia,  Kas.,  on  senior  pig. 
Senior  and   Grand  Champion   Sow — R, 

B.  Baird,  Central  City,  Neb.,  on  junior 

pig- 
Junior    Champion    Sow — Stryker    Bros. 

on  senior  pig. 

ILLINOIS  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J.  E. 

Meharry,    Tolono,    111.,    on    R.    T.    C. 

193193    by    Sangamo    Special;    dam, 

Rosella  by  Noble  Standard. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Frank  D.  Winn, 

Mastin,  Mo. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 

Meharry  on  Louise  Model  by  Banker's 

Model;  dam,  Louise  Harvester  by  The 

Harvester. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — J.   E.   Meharry 

on  Perfect  Model  by  Banker's  Model; 

dam.  Perfect  Lady  2d  by  On  the  Dot. 


146 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


MISSOURI    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — R. 
B.  Baird.  Central  City,  Neb.,  on  Co- 
lumbus by  Big  Columbus;  dam,  Nellie 
B.  by  Orphan  Boy. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — S.  Y.  Burks, 
Bolivar,  Mo.,  on  Noxall  by  Dominator 


Sensation;  dam,  Topsy  by  Missouri 
Perfection. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — R. 
B.  Baird. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — G.  M.  Hoadley, 
Sedalia,  Mo.,  on  Pauline  by  Water 
Lily's  King;  dam,  Trilby  by  Con- 
structor. 


Long  Giantess 
ltd   Champion  Sow   Tri-State  Fci 


1913 


KANSAS    STATE    FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 

Z.  Baker,  Rich  Hill,  Mo.,  on  King  Had- 

ley  by  Big  Hadley;  dam,  Big  Beauty 

6th  by  King  Blaine. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — J.    C.    Meese, 

Ord,  Neb.,  on  Futurity  Big  Gun  by  Big 

Gun;  dam.  Lady  M.  by  Young  MastifT. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 

Meese   on    Sweet  Hilda   by   Big   Gun; 

dam.  Sweet  Look  by  King  Look. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  C.  Meese  on 

Futurity  Miss  by  Big  Gun;  dam.  Lady 

M.  by  Young  Mastiff. 

NEBRASKA    STATE   FAIR 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age — Timm  Neu- 
hofel.  Central  City,  Neb.,  by  The  Big 
Orphan  by  Big  Columbus;  dam,  Nellie 
B.  by  Orphan  Boy. 

Champion  Boar,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor—C  B.  Powers,  Aurora,  Neb., 
on  Again  Expansion  by  Expansion 
Again;  dam.  King's  Giantess  bv  Long 
King. 


Champion  Sow,  Any  Age — W.  A.  Ling- 
ford,  Dannebrog,  Neb.,  on  Marie. 

Champion  Sow,  Any  Age,  Bred  by  Ex- 
hibitor— Same* 

KANSAS     STATE    FAIR,    HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Lee 
Stanford,  Lyons,  Kas.,  on  Smuggler 
by  E.  L.'s  Cloverbud;  dam.  Fantastic 
by  Impudence. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  C.  Meese, 
Ord,  Neb.,  on  Futurity  Big  Gun  by 
Big  Gun;  dam.  Lady  M.  by  Young 
Mastiff. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 
Meese  on  Big  Gun  by  Dorr's  Expan- 
sion; dam.  Lady  O.  by  Mastiff  Boy. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Stryker  Bros., 
Fredonia,  Kas.,  on  Silver  Crest. 

lOVVA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Sultan  by 
Meddler  Keep  On;  dam,  Corrector  Per- 
fection 2d  by  Francis  Perfection. 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1010-1920 


147 


Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Banker's  Perfection  by  Depositor; 
dam,  Walkover  Perfection  by  Master 
Walkover. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry  on  Louise  Model  2d  by  Bank- 
er's Model;  dam,  Louise  Harvester  by 
The  Harvester. 

Junior  Champion  Soiu — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Florence  by  Depositor;  dam.  Walk- 
over Perfection  by  Master  Walkover. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Sultan  by 
Meddler  Keep  On;  dam.  Corrector 
Perfection  2d  by  Francis  Perfection. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Banker's  Perfection  by  Depositor; 
dam.  Walkover  Perfection  by  Master 
Walkover. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry  on  Louise  Model  2d  by  Bank- 
er's Model;  dam,  Louise  Harvester  by 
The  Harvester. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  Florence  by  Depositor;  dam,  Walk- 
over Perfection  by  Master  Walkover. 


ILLINOIS    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — B. 
F.  Reed  &  Son,  Veedersburg,  Ind.,  on 
Prophet. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry, 
Tolono,  111.,  on  Banker's  Perfection  by 
Depositor;  dam.  Walkover  Perfection 
by  Master  Walkover. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry  on  Louise  Model  2d  by  Bank- 
er's Model;  dam,  Louise  Harvester  by 
The  Harvester. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Frank  D.  Winn, 
Mastin,  Mo.,  on  Elegant. 

MISSOURI    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — H. 

T.  Hall,  Kirksville,  Mo.,  on  Orator. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — M.    D.    Porter, 

Vandalia,   Mo.,   on  Missouri   King  by 

Golden  Harvest;  dam.  Morning  Glory 

by  Tattler. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — W. 

Z.  Baker,  Rich  Hill,  Mo.,  on  Hadley's 

Beauty  2d. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Thos.  McKone, 

Monticello,  Mo.,  on  sow  by  Prince  of 

Durham. 


1914 


IOWA  STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  la.,  on  Smooth 
Big  Bone  by  Black  Big  Bone;  dam. 
Choice  of  Maids  B.  by  Wonder  4th. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — A.  Kool,  Cor- 
dova, la.,  on  Big  Wonder  by  A  Won- 
der; dam,  Lady  Lightfoot  5th  by  Big 
Victor's  Improver. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — M.  Shivvers  & 
Son,  Knoxville,  la.,  on  Hillcroft's  Or- 
phan by  Hillcroft  Half  ton;  dam.  The 
Orphan  by  The  Big  Orphan. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — D. 
C.  Lonergan,,  Florence,  Neb.,  on  Big 
Type  Girl  by  Norman  Blue;  dam, 
Queen  Look  by  Pana  Look. 

NEBRASKA    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Soar— D. 
C.  Lonergan,  Florence,  Neb.,  on  Big 
Ursus  by  Big  Mischief;  dam  by  Big 
Victor. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  C.  Meese, 
Ord,  Neb.,  on  Futurity  Rexall  by  Or- 
phan Wonder  1st;  dam,  Meese's 
Choice  141362. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Beall  &  Jackson,  Roca,  Neb.,  on  Queen 
of  Wonders  by  Nebraska  Wonder; 
dam,  Fancy  Hadley  by  Jumbo  Jr. 


Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  C.  Meese  on 
Miss  Lady  M.  3d  by  Pan  Mastiff. 

MISSOURI  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 
E.  Willey,  Steele  City,  Neb.,  on  Su- 
perba  by  Skylark;  dam,  Anna  Price 
11th  by  Pawnee  Lad. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — W.  E.  Willey 
on  Big  Bone's  Son  Jr.  by  Big  Bone's 
Son;  dam,  Anna  Price  11th  by  Paw- 
nee Lad. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — W. 
E.  Willey  on  What's  Wanted  2d  by 
Norman  Blue. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  E.  Willey  on 
Anna  Price  34th  by  Big  Bone's  Son; 
dam,  Anna  Price  11th  by  Pawnee  Lad. 

KANSAS   STATE  FAIR,   HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Stryker  Bros.,  Fredonia,  Kas.,  on  Pow- 
hattan. 

Junior   Champion   Boar — Stryker   Bros. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sou} — 
Stryker  Bros,  on  Salome. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — F.  Olivier  & 
Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Proud  Lady 
2d  by  Blue  Valley  Price;  dam,  Proud 
Lady  by  Perfect  Perfection. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 


148 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  on 
Big  Tom  by  Momentum;  dam,  Anna 
Belle  by  Bellmetal. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — G.  W.  Wheeler 
&  Son,  Kasson,  Minn.,  on  Correct  I 
Am. 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Gcr- 
lich  &  Barker,  Mankato,  Minn.,  on 
Sioux  Queen  by  Great  Expansion; 
dam,  Big  Bess  by  Lyon  Chief. 

Junior  Champion  Sony — John  Richcrt, 
Mabel,  Minn.,  on  Lady  Wonder  •Ith. 


M.'s  Long  Joe 
First  Pii::e  Aged  Bo 


1915 


IOWA  STATE  FAIR 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  la.,  on  Black 
Big  Bone  2d  by  Black  Big  Bone;  dam, 
Mouw's  Luck  by  Big  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Isaac  Overton, 
Knoxville,  la.,  on  Young  Big  Knox  by 
Big  Knox. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — I.  J. 
Conrad,  Melbourne,  la.,  on  Mammoth 
Queen  by  Big  Wonder  Again;  dam. 
Crow's  Choice  by  Crow's  Kind. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  Shivvers  & 
Son,  Knoxville,  la.,  on  Queen  Expan- 
sion 2d  by  Chief  Price  I  Am;  dam. 
Queen  Expansion. 

NEBRASKA  STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Neb.,  on  Big 
Timm  by  The  Big  Orphan;  dam,  Long 
Thickset  1st  by  Long  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Wm.  Ferguson 
on  Fessy's  Timm  by  Big  Timm;  dam, 
Susan  2d  by  Long  Boy. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 
Meese,  Ord,  Neb.,  on  Meese's  Choice 


by  Dorr's  Expansion;  dam.  Dorr's 
Choice  by  Long  Wonder. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  C.  Meese  on 
Miss  Orphan  Wonder  2d  by  Orphan 
Wonder  1st;  dam,  Meese's  Choice  by 
Dorr's  Expansion. 

INDIANA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — F. 

W.   Kerlin,   Rockfield,   Ind.,   on   Long 

Chief  by  Chief  Price  Wonder. 
Junior     Champion     Boar — Williams     & 

Spurling,  Bryant,  Ind. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — B.  B. 

Johnson  &  Son,  Atlanta,  Ind. 
Junior    Champion    Sow — S.    D.    Ghere, 

Danville,  Ind. 

KANSAS    STATE    FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — T. 
W.  Cavett,  Phillips,  Neb.,  on  Big  Price 
by  Long  Price;  dam,  Giantess  by  Clo- 
verdale  Hadley. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — W.  Z.  Baker, 
Rich  Hill,  Mo.,  on  John  Hadley  by 
King  John;  dam,  Hadley  Beauty  2d 
by  Big  Hadley. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


149 


Meese,  Ord,  Neb.,  on  Miss  Choice  by 
Pan  Mastiff;  dam,  Meese's  Choice  by 
Dorr's  Expansion. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  A.  Baker  & 
Son,  Butler,  Mo.,  on  Lady  B.  by  Major 
B.  Hadley  Jr.;  dam.  Big  Lady  Look  by 
Grand  Look  Jr. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E.  J. 

Cowles,  West  Concord,  Minn. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — G.  W.  Wheeler 

&  Son,  Kasson,  Minn. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — E.  J. 

Cowles. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — G.  W.  Wheeler 

&  Son. 

KANSAS    STATE   FAIR,   HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — A.  J. 
Erhart  &  Sons,  Ness  City,  Kas.,  on 
Big  Hadley  Jr.  by  Young  Hadley; 
dam,  Tecumseh  Girl  by  Major  B.  Had- 
ley. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — C.  B.  Palmer, 
Marion,  Kas.,  on  Sir  Dudlye  by  Qual- 
ity Enough;  dam,  Bess  Wonder  by  A 
Wonder's  Equal. 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — W. 
E.  Willey,  Steele  City,  Neb.,  on  Anna 
Price  34th  by  Big  Bone's  Son;  dam, 
Anna  Price  11th  by  Pawnee  Lad. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  A.  Baker  & 
Sons,  Butler,  Mo.,  on  Lady  B.  by 
Major  B.  Hadley  Jr.;  dam.  Big  Lady 
Look  by  Grand  Look  Jr. 

MISSOURI    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Will  G.  Lockridge,  Fayette,  Mo.,  on 
The  Giant  by  Hercules;  dam.  Colossal 
Giantess  by  Colossal. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — S.  Y.  Burks, 
Bolivar,  Mo.,  on  Missouri's  Wonder 
by  A.  J.'s  Wonder;  dam,  Sallie  T.  by 
Missouri  Perfection. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — W.  E.  Willey, 
Steele  City,  Neb.,  on  Anna  Price  36th 
by  Big  Bone's  Son;  dam,  Anna  Price 
11th  by  Pawnee  Lad. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — M. 
D.  Porter,  Vandalia,  Mo.,  on  Smooth 
Big  Queen  by  Long  Prospect;  dam. 
Big  Queen  by  Miller's  Chief  Price. 


1916 


lOWA   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  la.,  on  Long 
Big  Bone  by  Black  Big  Bone;  dam, 
Mouw's  Lucy  by  Big  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — H.  Wade  Gillis 
and  Osbert  Allender,  Mt.  Pleasant,  la., 
on  G.  &  A.'s  King  Joe  by  Big  Joe; 
dam,  Lady  Giantess  Wonder  by  A 
Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — • 
Isaac  Overton,  Knoxville,  la.,  on  Miss 
Big  Knox  by  Big  Knox;  dam.  Chief's 
Beauty  by  Chief  Price  Again. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — F.  G.  Paul,  Mar- 
shalltown,  la.,  on  Black  Big  Modesty 
by  Mouw's  Black  Jumbo;  dam.  Big 
Modesty  2d  by  Big  Bone's  Wonder. 

NEBRASKA   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
C.  Meese,  Ord,  Neb.,  on  Meese's  Rex- 
all  by  M.'s  Rexall;  dam,  M.'s  Choice 
by  Big  Gunn. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — W.  L.  McNutt, 
Ord,  Neb.,  on  Money  Maker  by  Big 
Lad;  dam,  Esther  by  Orphan  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 
Meese  on  Miss  Monarch  Wonder  by 
The  Big  Monarch;  dam.  Miss  Delight 
2d  by  Orphan  Wonder  1st. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Wm.  Ferguson, 
Scribner,  Neb.,  on  Timm's  Big  Four 


1st  by  Big  Timm;  dam.  Big  Susan  by 
Long  Boy. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 
J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  on 
Big  Price  by  Long  Price;  dam.  Giant- 
ess by  Cloverdale  Hadley. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — W.  J.  Graham 
on  Big  Peter  Jr.  by  Big  Peter;  dam. 
Miller's  Best  by  Miller's  Longfellow. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  D. 
McDonald,  Noith  Bend,  Wis.,  on  Miss 
Chief  Price  by  Meddler's  Dude;  dam, 
Dolly  Chief  Price. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  J.  Graham 
on  Big  Peter's  Best  by  Big  Peter;  dam, 
Miller's  Best  by  Miller's  Longfellow. 

KANSAS    FREE    FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  B.  Caldwell,  Howard,  Kas.,  on 
Caldwell's  Big  Bob  by  Big  Bob  Won- 
der; dam.  Expansive  Belle  by  Expan- 
sive. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — A.  J.  Erhart  & 
Sons,  Ness  City,  Kas.,  on  Big  Hadley's 
Equal  by  Big  Hadley  Jr.;  dam,  Lady 
Jumbo's  Equal  by  Long  King's  Equal. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — H. 
B.  Walter  &  Son,  ElRngham,  Kas.,  on 
Big  Bob's  Lady  by  Big  Bob  Wonder; 
dam,  Expansive  Belle  by  Expansive. 


150 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Junior  Champion  Sow — Phil  Dawson, 
Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Pana  Uhlan  by  The 
Giant  Uhlan;  dam,  Pana  Belle  by 
Pana  Look. 

KANSAS    STATE    FAIR,    HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — F. 
Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  A 
Wonderful  King  by  King  of  All;  dam. 
Wonderful  Jumbo  4th  by  A  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — F.  Olivier  & 
Sons  on  Big  Chief  by  Chief  Price; 
dam,  Model  Belle  2d  by  Model  Expan- 
sion. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Phil 
Dawson,  Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Belle 
Wonder  by  Jumbo  Look;  dam,  Won- 
der Belle  by  King  George. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Phil  Dawson  on 
Pana  Uhlan  by  The  Giant  Uhlan; 
dam,  Pana  Belle  by  Pana  Look. 

MISSOURI    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 

E.  Marlow  &  Son,  Wellsville,  Mo.,  on 

Missouri  Blue  Valley  by  Blue  Valley; 

■  dam,  Blue  Valley  Satin  by  Blue  Valley 

Orange. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Will  G.  Lock- 
ridge,  Fayette,  Mo.,  on  The  Giant's 
Equal  by  The  Giant;  dam.  Long  Won- 
der 2d  by  A  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Ed 
W.  Cook,  Trenton,  Mo.,  on  Sunshine 
C.  by  Big  Model;  dam,  Sunshine  by 
Big  Surprise. 


Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  D.  Porter, 
Vandalia,  Mo.,  on  Lady  Golden  by 
Golden  Gate  King;  dam.  Miss  Big 
Bone  by  Big  Bone  2d. 

ILLINOIS   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — H. 
F.  Adams,  Castleton,  III.,  on  Adams' 
Big  Bone. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Mark  I.  Shaw, 
Monroe,  la.,  on  Big  Eclipse  by  Big- 
gest Yet;  dam,  Anna  Sunshine. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Orange  Dol- 
lie  by  Big  Orange  Equal;  dam,  Dollie 
3d  by  Sunshine. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — B.  F.  Dorsey  & 
Son,  Versailles,  111.,  on  Handsome. 

NATIONAL   SWINE    SHOW,    OMAHA,    NEB. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  la.,  on  Long 
Big  Bone  by  Black  Big  Bone;  dam, 
Mouw's  Lucy  by  Big  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — H.  Wade  Gillis 
and  Osbert  Allender  &  Sons,  Mt. 
Pleasant,  la.,  on  G.  &  A.'s  King  Joe 
by  King  Joe;  dam.  Lady  Giantess 
Wonder  by  A  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Fred  Sievers  on  Big  Maid  2d  by 
Smooth  Big  Bone;  dam.  Big  Maid  1st 
by  Big  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Phil  Dawson. 
Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Pana  Uhlan  by 
The  Giant  Uhlan;  dam,  Pana  Belle  by 
Pana  Look. 


1917 


IOWA   STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — An- 
derson Bros.,  West  Liberty,  la.,  on 
A.'s  Mastodon  by  Mastodon  Wonder; 
dam.  Miss  Jumbo  by  Jumbo  Chief. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — John  Schmeid- 
er,  Renisen,  la.,  on  Futurity  Wonder 
by  Great  Wonder;  dam.  Show  Girl  by 
Blue  Valley  Chief  2d. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — W.  E.  Conrad, 
Melbourne,  la.,  on  Lucy  by  Chief 
Wonder;  dam.  Black  Nancy  by  Crow's 
Kind. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — M. 
A.  Dowling,  Reasnor,  la.,  on  Orange 
Dolly  by  Orange  Boy;  dam,  Betty  by 
Biggest  Yet. 

NERRASKA    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — O. 
E.  Wade,  Rising  City,  Neb.,  on  Spot's 
Wonder  by  Nebraska  Wonder;  dam. 
Spot  by  Jumbo  the  Great. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  V.  Slepicka 


&  Son,  Wilbur,  Neb.,  on  W.  A.'s  Won- 
der by  Turkey  Valley  Orange;  dam, 
Bessie  Wonder  by  Woodline  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Phil 
Dawson,  Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Robina 
4th  by  Caldwell's  Big  Bob;  dam. 
Jumbo  Lady  4th  by  Elkmore  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — H.  H.  Meyer  & 
Sons,  Fontanclle,  Neb.,  on  Bonnie  Bos 
by  Bos  Premigenius;  dam,  Bonnie 
Star  by  Nebraska  Giant. 

INDIANA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Sil- 
ver Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  on 
Buster  Over  by  Giant  Buster;  dam. 
Miss  Longfellow  by  Longfellow's 
Equal. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — M.  C.  Brown  & 
Son,  Miirlinsville,  ()..  on  Ohio  Giant 
by  The  Giant. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Sil- 
ver Brook  Farm  on  Indiana  Giantess 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


by  Giant  Buster;  dam,  Big  Bone  Giant- 
ess by  Hoosier  Giant. 
Junior    Champion    Sow— Cliarles    Well- 
ington, Clymers,  Ind.,  on  Lady  Her- 
cules. 

MINNESOTA   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn., 
on  Big  Price's  Equal  by  Big  Quality; 
dam.  Big  Lady  by  Long  Price. 

Junior  Champion  Boar— Kritzeck  Bros, 
on  Big  Price  3d. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  D. 
McDonald,  West  Salem,  Wis.,  on  Miss 
Price  4th  by  Big  Knox;  dam.  Price 
Queen  by  Chief  Price  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Kritzeck  Bros, 
on  Black  Lady  Price. 

KANSAS    FREE    FAIR,    TOPEKA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Bert 
E.  Hodson,  Ashland,  Kas.,  on  Mc- 
Gath's  Big  Orphan  by  The  Big  Or- 
phan; dam.  Lady  Bose  6th  by  A  Won- 
der Price. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — H.  B.  Walter  & 
Son,  Effingham,  Kas.,  on  Bob  Quality 
by  Big  Bob  Wonder;  dam.  Miss  Dark- 
ness 17th  by  Blue  Ribbon  Quality. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Phil 
Dawson,  Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Robina 
4th  by  Caldwell's  Big  Bob;  dam.  Jum- 
bo Lady  4th  by  Elkmore  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — H.  B.  Walter  & 
Son  on  Wonder  Beauty  by  Big  Bob 
Wonder;  dam.  Long  Beauty  by  King 
John. 

KANSAS    STATE   FAIR,    HUTCHINSON 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Bert  E.  Hodson,  Ashland,  Kas.,  on  Mc- 
Gath's  Big  Orphan  by  The  Big  Or- 
phan; dam.  Lady  Rose  6th  by  A  Won- 
der Price. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — A.  J.  Erhart  & 
Sons,  Ness  City,  Kas.,  on  Long  Bob 
by  Big  Bob  2d. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Phil 
Dawson,  Endicott,  Neb.,  on  Robina 
4th  by  Caldwell's  Big  Bob;  dam.  Jum- 
bo Lady  4th  by  Elkmore  Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Phil  Dawson  on 
Uhlan's  Columbia  2d  by  B.'s  Colum- 


bia;   dam,   Peggy    Big   Bone    by    The 
Giant  Uhlan. 

ILLINOIS    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Chief  De- 
fender by  Mouw's  Chief;  dam,  Brad- 
dy  D.  by  Big  Defender. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — R  o  b  i  n  s  o  n 
Bros.,  Morton,  111.,  on  Big  Bob  2d  by 
Big  Bob;  dam,  Beauty  by  A  Jumbo. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry 
on  M.'s  Choice  by  Big  Bob;  dam.  Big 
Wonder's  Kind  by  Big  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  A.  Dowling, 
Reasnor,  la.,  on  Orange  Dolly  by 
Orange  Boy;  dam,  Betty  by  Biggest 
Yet. 

MISSOURI    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Bridges  Bros.,  Slater,  Mo.,  on  Bridges' 
Bob  Wonder  by  Big  Bob  Wonder; 
dam,  Lady  H.  by  Moore's  Halvor. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Bennett  Bros.", 
Lees  Summit,  Mo.,  on  Korver's  Best 
by  Korver's  Big  Jumbo;  dam,  Kor- 
ver's Big  Lady  2d  by  Big  Jones  Again. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — M. 
D.  Porter,  Vandalia,  Mo.,  on  Wonder 
Giantess  by  The  Giant;  dam,  Choice 
Wonder  by  A  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — E.  E.  Marlow 
&  Son,  Wellsville,  Mo.,  on  Lulu  King 
2d  by  Missouri  Blue  Valley;  dam. 
Lulu  King  by  Wedd's  Long  King. 

NATIONAL  SWINE   SHOW,  OMAHA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  by  Caldwell,  Howard,  Kas.,  on 
Caldwell's  Big  Bob  by  Big  Bob  Won- 
der; dam.  Expansive  Belle  by  Expan- 
sive. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  V.  Slepicka 
&  Son,  Wither,  Neb.,  on  W.  A.'s  Won- 
der by  Turkey  Valley  Orange;  dam, 
Bessie  Wonder  by  Woodline  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  M.'s  Choice 
by  Big  Bob;  dam.  Big  Wonder's  Kind 
by  Big  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — R.  W.  Halford, 
Manning,  la.,  on  Bob's  Giantess  A.  by 
Big  Bob;  dam,  Giantess  Best  by  Black 
Giant. 


1918 


CALIFORNIA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Gatewood,  Fresno,  Calif.,  on 
King  Big  Bone  Leader. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Young  &  Clark, 


Lodi,  Calif.,  on  Long  Big  Bone. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Young  &  Clark  on  Smooth  Beauty. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Young  &  Clark 

on  Black  Beauty  5th. 


152 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


INDIANA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 

E.    Flora,    Rockfield,    Ind.,    on    Long 

Chief  Again. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — Silver    Brook 

Farm,    Muncie,    Ind.,    on    Buster    the 

Great. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  A. 

Sheldon  &  Son,  Manilla,  Ind.,  on  Giant 

Pride. 
Junior    Champion    Sow — Silver    Brook 

Farm  on  Buster's  Empress. 

ILLINOIS   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Os- 
car B.  Hensel,  Edelstein,  111.,  and 
Harry  F.  Adams,  Edelstein,  111.,  on 
Model  Mastodon. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Robinson  Bros., 
Morton,  111.,  on  Expanding  King. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 
Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Liberty. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Gay  Buckley, 
Galesburg,  111.,  on  Long  King. 

IOWA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — R. 
W.  Halford,  Manning,  la.,  on  Big  Im- 
prover. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — A.  D.  Severe, 
Dows,  la.,  on  The  Rival. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Fred 
Sievers,  Audubon,  la.,  on  Long  Lady 
Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow— R.  W.  Halford 
on  Bob's  Giantess. 

KANSAS  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — • 
George  M.  Parkert,  Hooper,  Neb.,  on 
Bobbie. 

Junior  Champion  Boar— Fred  B.  Cald- 
well, Howard,  Kas.,  on  Big  Mack. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Moore  Farms,  Gardner,  Kas.,  on  Miss 
Chief  A. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Robert  L. 
Barnes,  Grenola,  Kas.,  on  Zelma 
Queen. 

KENTUCKY    STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Huffman  Bros.,  Centerville,  Ky.,  on 
Big  Bone  Timm. 

Junior   Champion   Boar — Thomas   Pow- 


ers, Crittenden,  Ky.,  on  Long  Orange. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Huffman  Bros,  on  Lady  Giant. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Thomas  Powers 

on  Great  Mollie. 

NATIONAL    SWINE    SHOW 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 

J.   Graham,   Howard  Lake,  Minn.,   on 

Black  Prince. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  E.  Meharry, 

Tolono,  111.,  on  Expansion  King. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Charles   E.   Lyden,    Manning,    la.,   on 

Josephine  1st. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  C.  Brown  & 

Son,  Martinsville,  O.,  on  Liberty  Girl. 

OHIO  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — A. 

C.  Grieve  &  Son,  Zenia,  O. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — M.  C.  Brown  & 

Son,  Martinsville,  O. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Grieve  &  Son. 

OKLAHOMA    STATE   FAIR  AT    MUSKOGEE 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Moore  Farms,  Gardner,  Kas. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Moore  Farms. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow- 
Moore  Farms. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Moore  Farms. 

OKLAHOMA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — R. 
A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  on  Buster  Giant. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — R.  A.  Welch  on 
Council  Hill  Buster. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Moore  Farms,  Gardner,  Kas.,  on  Bus- 
ter's Best. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — R.  A.  Welch  on 
Big  Joe's  Black  Beauty. 

WISCONSIN   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Dobson,  Eastman  &  Rech,  Lancaster, 
Wis.,  on  Double  Hadley. 

Senior  Champion  Boar — J.  F.  Diley, 
Rush  Lake,  Wis. 

Senior  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  D.  Mc- 
Donald, West  Salem,  Wis.,  on  Miss 
Wapsie  1st. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  D.  McDonald 
on  Wapsie  Lady. 


ARIZONA   STATE    FAIR 

Senior  Champion  Boar — H.  W.  Haines. 

Casa  Grande,  Ariz. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — Omer    McCul- 

lough.  Mesa,  Ariz. 


1919 

Senior  Champion  Sow — H.  W.  Haines. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Roland  A.  Ful- 
ton, Phoenix,  Ariz. 

CALIFORNrV    STATE    FAIR 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


153 


Fred    Gatewood,    Fresno,    Calif.,    on 

Giant  Bob. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  F.  Lehman, 

Lodi,  Calif.,  on  Big  Bone  King. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Mc- 

Carty  &  Starkweather,  San  Francisco, 

Calif.,  on  Big  Mary  3d. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — McCarty  & 

Starkweather  on  Nugget  Nell. 

ILLINOIS    STATE    FAIR 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 

Adams   &   Hensel,   Edelstein,    111.,    on 

Liberty  Boy. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — E.  C.  Caverly  & 

Son,  Toulon,  111.,  on  Son  of  Nobility. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  E. 

Meharry,  Tolono,  111.,  on  Big  Square 

Braddy. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Dorsey  &  Sons, 

Jacksonville,  111.,  on  Elleanor. 

INDIANA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
A.  Shelton  &  Son,  Manilla,  Ind.,  on 
Long  Big  Bone  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Padgett  &  Gum- 
mery,  Whitestown,  Ind.,  on  Smooth 
Bob. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Al- 
bert Petre,  Andrews,  Ind.,  on  Daisy 
Lunker. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Clarence  Mil- 
lion, Monticello,  Ind.,  on  Princess 
Prospect. 

INTERN.^TIONAL  LIVE   STOCK  EXPOSITION 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 

Peter  Mouw  &  Co.,  Orange  City,  la., 

on  Mouw's  6600. 
Junior   Champion    Boar — Wolph    Bros., 

Nehawka,  Neb.,  on  Bob's  Masterpiece. 
Senior   and   Grand   Champion   Sow — Z. 

C.  Herlong,  Micanopy,   Fla.,   on   Her- 

long's  Model. 
Junior   Champion    Sow — Palmer    Bros., 

Yorkville,   111.,    on    Lady   Orange    Big 

Bone. 

INTERSTATE  LIVE  STOCK  EXPOSITION 

Grand   Champion   Boa  r — Bloemendaal 

Bros.,  Orange   City,  la.,  on  Bloemen- 

daal's  Big  King. 
Grand  Champion  Sow — Meyer  Bros.   & 

Parkert,     Hooper,    Neb.,     on    Nancy 

Masterpiece. 

IOWA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — H. 

Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  la.,  on  F.'s  Big 

Jones. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — M.  A.  Dowling, 

Valley  Junction,  la.,  on  Rainbow  Boy. 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Meyer  Bros.  &  Parkert  on  Miss  Bob 
Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  A.  Dowling 
on  Yankee  Girl. 

KANSAS  FREE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Fred  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas.,  on  Crof- 
ton's  Col.  Bob. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Deming  Ranch, 
Oswego,  Kas.,  on  Expansion  Bob. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Fred 
Caldwell  on  Orange  May  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Kansas  Agricul- 
tural College,  Manhattan,  Kas.,  on 
Bob's  Wonder  Queen  3d. 

KANSAS  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Oli- 
vier &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Black 
Buster. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Winn  &  Moore, 
Randolph,  Mo.,  on  Liberty  Boy. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Er- 
hart  &  Sons,  Oregon,  Mo.,  on  Buster's 
Pride. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Olivier  &  Sons 
on  Black  Buster's  Kind. 

LOS  ANGELES   LIVE  STOCK   SHOW 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Viola  L.  Renwick,  Santa  Barbara, 
Calif.,  on  El  Profito. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Viola  L.  Ren- 
wick on  Big  Smooth  Gerstdale. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — M.  &  A.  L.  Bas- 
set, Hanford,  Calif.,  on  Hopeful. 

Grand  Champion  Sow — Big  Princess 
Model. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Big  Princess 
Model. 

MINNESOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and   Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 

W.  Wheeler  &  Son,  Kasson,  Minn.,  on 

Giant  Price. 
Junior  Champion  Boar—1.  W.  Wheeler 

&  Son  on  Joe  Price. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Krit- 

zeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,   on 

Mollie  Lady  Price. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — Gill    by    Big 

Price's  Equal. 

MISSOURI    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 

B.  Baker,  Knox  City,  Mo.,  on  Big  Ben 

Wonder. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Winn  &  Moore, 

Randolph,  Mo.,  on  Big  Clan. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Paul 

K.  Gibbons,  Edina,  Mo.,  on  Big  Josie 

Gerstdale. 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 


Junior  Champion  Sow — Winn  &  Moore 
on  Lady  Clan  2d. 

MONTANA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  Champion  Boar — Harold  Dono- 
hue,  Whitehall,  Mont. 

Grand  Champion  Boar — Linquin  Bros., 
Wilsall,  Mont. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Harold  Dono- 
hue. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Lin- 
quin Bros. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Spring  &  Sons, 
Belgrade,  Mont. 

NATIONAL  SWINE  SHOW 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 

Bloemendaal  Bros.,   Orange   City,   la., 

on  The  Pilot. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — E.  C.  Caverly  & 

Son,  Toulon,  111.,  on  Nobility. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Meyer  Bros.  &  Parkert,  Hooper,  Neb., 

on  Miss  Bob  Wonder. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Winn  &  Moore 

on  Lady  Clan  2d. 

NEBRASKA   STATE    FAIR 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 

Crofton    Caldwell,    Topeka,    Kas.,    on 

Crofton's  Col.  Bob. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — D.  C.  Lonergan 

&  Sons,  Omaha,  Neb.,  on  Omaha  Bob. 
Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Sow — 

Meyer  Bros.  &  Parkert,  Hooper,  Neb., 

on  Miss  Bob  Wonder. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — D.  C.  Lonergan 

&  Son  on  Futurity  Bess. 

NORTH  DAKOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Champion  Boar — M  a  r  t  i  n  Malmberg, 
Oakes,  N.  D.,  on  Oakes  Price. 

Champion  Sow—F.  M.  Mills,  Edgeley,  N. 
D.,  on  Mill  Long  Jones. 

NORTHWEST  LIVE  STOCK   SHOW 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Ray 
J.  Fox,  Lyons,  Ore.,  on  Fox's  A  Won- 
der. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Hugh  Walter, 
on  Alvin. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Ray 
J.  Fox  on  Long  Model. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Hugh  Walter, 
on  Beauty  Girl. 

OHIO  STATE  FAIR 

Senior    and    Grand    Champion    Boar — 

Grieve. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Townsly. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Ray 

Bros. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Grieve. 


PACIFIC    INTERNATIONAL 

Senior  Champion  Boar — E.  O.  Loe,  Sil- 

verton.  Ore. 
Grand  Champion  Boar — Murphy  &  Son, 

Hubbard,  Ore. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Murphy  &  Son. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Ray 

J.  Fox,  Lyons,  Ore. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Ray  J.  Fox. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — C. 

B.  Bates,  Letcher,  S.  D.,  on  Gigantic 

Jones. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Graham  Bros., 

Howard    Lake,    Minn.,    on    Winning 

Price. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Krit- 

zeck  Bros.,   Howard   Lake,  Minn.,  on 

Mollie  Lady  Price. 
Junior    Champion   Sow — Graham    Bros. 

on  Winning  Price. 

TEXAS    STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Par- 
vin  &  Cunningham,  Prosper,  Tex.,  on 
Council  Hill  Buster. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Loveland  Stock 
Farm,  Mt.  Pleasant,  la.,  on  Miss  Boul- 
der 1st. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Oli- 
vier &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  King 
Joe's  Queen. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Loveland  Stock 
Farm  on  Miss  Boulder  1st. 

WASHINGTON   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Pa- 
cific Meat  Company  on  Long  Tom  Jr. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — C.  W.  Shumate 
on  Master  Hercules. 

Senior  Champion  Sow — C.  W.  Shumate 
on  Lady  Washington. 

Grand  Champion  Sow—\N.  A.  May  on 
Miss  Yakima. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  A.  May  on 
Miss  Yakima. 

WISCONSIN   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  Champion  Boar — J.  D.  McDon- 
ald, West  Salem,  Wis.,  on  National 
Bob. 

Grand  Champion  Boar — J.  D.  McDonald 
on  Quality  Bob. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — J.  D.  McDonald 
on  Quality  Bob. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J. 
D.  McDonald  on  Giant  Bess. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  F.  Diley  & 
Sons,  Rush  Lake.  Wis.,  on  Fancy 
Golden  Gate. 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


1920 


ILLINOIS    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — J. 
W.  Garvey,  Thayer,  III.,  on  Greater 
Clansman  by  The  Clansman;  dam  by 
Giant  Buster. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Ginther  &  Fer- 
guson, Edinburg,  III.,  on  Ferguson's 
Giant  by  Wonder  Giant;  dam,  Big  Girl 
by  Big  Standard. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — B. 
H.  Cline,  Athens,  III.,  on  Lady  Black 
by  Long  Leader;  dam  by  Giant  Chief. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — J.  E.  Meharry, 
Tolonto,  111.,  on  M's  Model  by  Tolonto 
Timm;  dam,  Betty  Boulder  by  Big 
Boulder. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — T. 
Converse  &  Son,  Arlington,  S.  D.,  on 
Goldfield  Giant  327809  by  Big  Price's 
Equal;  dam.  Big  Mollie  A  by  Big  Tom. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Kritzeck  Bros., 
Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  on  Arch  Back 
Price  406865  by  Big  Price's  Equal; 
dam,  Lady  Giantess  by  Mabel's  Price. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Krit- 
zeck Bros.,  on  Lady  Gem  823096  by 
Big  Price's  Equal;  dam.  Long  Lady 
Gem  by  Cavett's  Black  Cloverdale. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — O.  M.  Rasmus- 
sen,  Parker,  S.  D.,  on  Royal  Queen 
975136  by  The  Sammy;  dam.  Lady 
Jones  by  Iowa  King  Jones. 

IOWA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Er- 
nest Melberg,  Norway,  la.,  on  Dunn- 
dale  Pilot  329667  by  Giant  Big  Ben; 
dam.  Orange  Queen  by  Fessy's  Timm. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — M.  A.  Dowling, 
Valley  Junction,  la.,  on  The  Hit  393201 
by  The  Rainbow;  dam,  Orange  Queen 
by  Orange  Boy. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — W. 
Preston  Donald,  Clio,  la.,  on  Lady 
Clan  2d  241339  by  Big  Bob;  dam.  Lady 
Clan  by  The  Clansman. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  A.  Dowling, 
Valley  Junction,  la.,  on  Miss  Rainbow 
by  The  Rainbow;  dam,  May  Orange 
by  Orange  Boy. 

OHIO  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Wm. 
Lamka,  Troy,  Ohio,  on  Secret  383415 
by  Mountain  Giant;  dam.  Model  Belle 
4th  889858  by  Emrick's  Chief  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — M.  C.  Brown  & 
Son,   Martinsville,   Ohio,  on   Freckles 


408309  by  Blue  Valley  Big  Bone;  dam, 
Giant  Lady  220950  by  The  Giant. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Fred 
W.  Linton,  Harveysburg,  Ohio,  on 
Lady  Denny  4th  279922  by  Denny's 
Giant;  dam,  Corinda  Longfellow 
585026  by  Big  King. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — M.  C.  Brown  & 
Son,  Martinsville,  Ohio,  on  Anna  Belle 
by  Blue  Valley  Big  Bone;  dam,  Clans- 
man's Best  by  The  Clansman. 

NATIONAL  SWINE    SHOW 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — L. 
H.  Glover,  Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Frank 
Winn,  East  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  on  Lib- 
erator's Leader  113376,  farrowed  Sept. 
8,  1919,  by  Liberator  92965;  dam.  Big 
Lil  G  268041. 

Senior  Champion  Boar — Hassler,  Hal- 
ford  &  Porter,  Manning,  la.,  on  Major 
Jumbo  328537,  farrowed  Aug.  31,  1917, 
by  Mabel's  Jumbo  244031;  dam.  Big 
Bone  2d  635814. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — L  J. 
Conrad,  Melbourne,  la.,  on  Giant  Maid 
971978,  farrowed  April  6,  1919,  by 
Hawkey e  Giant  323785;  dam.  Orange 
Maid  801174. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — L.  H.  Glover, 
Grandview,  Mo.,  and  Frank  Winn, 
East  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  on  Prize  Lady 
987948,  farrowed  March  12,  1920,  by 
Columbian  Giant  374229;  dam.  Miss 
Price  718968. 

TRI-STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 
W.  Kreischer,  De  Funiak  Springs, 
Fla.,  on  The  Climax  409439  by  Orange 
Joe;  dam,  Wonder's  Beauty  by  Big 
Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — L.  C.  Jones  & 
Sons,  Buntyn,  Tenn.,  on  Clansman's 
Emperor  119909  by  The  Clansman. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  L. 
Hendrix  &  Son,  Bethel  Springs,  Tenn., 
on  Long  Giantess  by  Titantic  Giant; 
dam,  Orange  Lady  2d. 

NORTH   DAKOTA   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
George  Bloomer  &  Son,  Forman,  N. 
D.,  on  Long  Timm  by  Giant  Timm; 
dam.  Long  Maid. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — George  Bloom- 
er &  Son,  on  North  Dakota  Timm  by 
Long  Timm;  dam.  Chief  Lady  by 
Chief  Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Chitchfield   Bros.,   Hunter,   N.   D.,   on 


156 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Chitchfleld's  Big  Josephine  by  Young's 
Big  Joe;  dam,  Big  Wonder  B. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — George  Bloomer 
&  Son,  on  Fancy  Timm  by  Long 
Timm;  dam,  Chief  Lady  by  Chief 
Wonder. 

INTERSTATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 
Critters,  Perkins,  la.,  on  Critter's  Big 
Wonder    by    Miller's    Jones;    dam,    A 

■    Wonder  Fannie  by  Miller's  A  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Bloemendaal 
Bros.,  Orange  City,   la.,  on   a  son  of 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Soiv — Wil- 
lis &  Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  Anna 
Bu.ster  240066  by  Buster  Over;  dam. 
Miss  Alex  Wonder  by  King  Alexandra. 

Junior  Champion  Sow  —  Willis  & 
Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  Ruby  Buster 
274352  by  Buster  Over;  dam.  The 
Giantess  by  King  of  Wonders. 

KANSAS   STATE   FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — F. 
Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Co- 
lumbus   Wonder   99569    by    Big    Bob 


Secret  383415 


By  Mou 


and   Grand   Champion   Ohh 


Long  Bog  Again;  dam.  Miss  Big  Clans- 
man by  The  Big  Clansman. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Stan- 
ley Addy,  Marcus,  la.,  on  Evergreen 
Hutch  2d  by  Omaha;  dam.  Maid's 
Wonder  Again  by  Orange  Chief. 

Junior  Champion  Sow  —  Bloemendaal 
Bros.,  Orange  City,  la.,  on  a  daughter 
of  Bloemendaal's  Big  King;  dam,  Nel- 
lie A  by  G's  Big  Giant. 

OKLAHOMA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 
E.  Tredway,  Blackwell,  Okla.,  on  Tred- 
way's  Big  Bob  106930  by  Caldwell's 
Big  Bob;  dam.  Rosebud  by  The  Big 
Orphan. 

Junior  Champion  Boar  —  Willis  & 
Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  King  of 
Busters  113671  by  Buster  Over;  dam, 
Timni's  Giantess  by  Blue  Valley  Timm. 


Wonder;  dam,  Uhlan  Columbia  Girl  2d 
by  B's  Columbia. 

Junior  and  Reserve  Grand  Champion 
Boar — Mark  Lewis,  Conway  Springs, 
Kas.,  on  Columbus  Wonder  2d  by  Co- 
lumbus Wonder;  dam.  Smooth  Queen. 

Senior  Reserve  Champion  Boar — Dem- 
ing  Ranch,  Oswego,  Kas.,  on  Ranch 
Special  356916  by  Big  Bob  Jumbo; 
dam,   Liberty   Orange   Maid. 

Junior  Reserve  Champion  Boar — H.  T. 
Hayman,  Formosa,  Kas.,  on  Longfel- 
low 113380  by  Blue  Valley  Timm  Won- 
der; (lam.  Miss  Expansion. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Wil- 
lis &  Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  Ruby 
Buster  274352  by  Buster  Over;  dam, 
The  Giantess. 

Senior  and  Reserve  Champion  Sow — F. 
Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Belle 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1910-1920 


Lady  2d  by  Black  Buster;  dam,  Belle 
Lady. 

Senior  Reserve  Champion  Sow — Adams 
&  McNutt,  Independence,  Mo.,  on  Top 
Valley  Giantess  811528  by  Elma  Valley 
Giant;  dam,  Hartman's  Blue  Valley. 

Junior  Reserve  Champion  Sow — Willis 
&  Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  Verna 
Buster  264350  by  Buster  Over;  dam. 
Darkness  Favorite. 

IDAHO    STATE    FAIR 

Grand  Champion  Boar — Harvey   Wolfe 

on  Sir  Headlight. 
Senior  Champion  Boar — J.  S.  Hulbert  on 

Big  John  318257. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — Halvey  Wolfe 

on  Sir  Headlight. 
Grand  Champion  Sow — A.  J.  Firkins  on 

National  Queen  2d  825974. 
Senior  Champion  Sow — A.  J.  Firkins  on 

National  Queen  2d  825974. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — A.  L.  Wilson  & 

Sons  on  The  Pilot's  Lady  98564. 

TEXAS    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — F. 
Olivier  &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Co- 
lumbus Wonder  99569  by  Big  Bob 
Wonder;  dam,  Uhlan's  Columbus  Girl 
by  B's  Columbia. 

Junior  Champion  tsoar — H.  B.  Walter  & 
Son,  Bendena,  Kas.,  on  Watchman's 
Wonder  442139  by  The  Watchman; 
dam,  Walter's  Farm  Belle  by  Bob 
Wonder. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Wil- 
lis &  Blough,  Emporia,  Kas.,  on  Anna 
Buster  240066  by  Buster  Over;  dam. 
Miss  Alex's  Wonder  by  King  Alex- 
ander. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Fred  B.  Cald- 
well, Topeka,  Kas.,  on  Dardanella 
982086  by  The  Jayhawker;  dam,  Vic- 
toria Bobina  by  Caldwell's  Big  Bob. 

WESTERN     ROYAL    LIVESTOCK     SHOW,     SPO- 
KANE,   WASH. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Hugh  Walter,  Townsend,  Mont.,  on 
Orphan  Bob  356935  by  Big  Bob  and 
out  of  Queen. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Hugh  Walter, 
Townsend,  Mont.,  on  .Tumbo  Bob 
381447  by  Big  Bob  and  out  of  Leona. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Hugh 
Walter,  Townsend,  Mont.,  on  Leona  2d 
724500  by  Big  Orphan  and  out  of 
Leona. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — F.  O.  Cooper, 
Willow  Creek,  Mont.,  on  Irenes'  Lass 


973548   by   Bob   Wonder   and   out   of 
Ethel's  Lady. 

SOUTHEASTERN  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 
W.  Kreischer,  DeFuniak,  Fla.,  on 
Climax. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — E.  W.  Kreis- 
cher, on  Keith's  Disturber. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — E.  E. 
Mack,  Thomasville,  Ga.,  on  Tolono 
Girl  3d  by  Tolono  Timm. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — W.  M.  Gist. 

INTERNATIONAL  LIVESTOCK  EXPOSITION 
HARROW    CLASSES 

Champion  Barrow — University  of  Illi- 
nois, Urbana,  111.,  on  Junior  yearling 
by  Illinois  Equal  324207  by  Giant's 
Equal.  Weight  720  pounds. 
Pen  Over  All  Breeds — Oklahoma  A.  & 
M.  College,  Stillwater,  Okla.,  on  June 
yearlings,  one  by  Big  Bob's  Jumbo 
84612  and  two  by  Kansas  Timm 
120611.    Average  weight,  675  pounds. 

INTERNATIONAL  LIVESTOCK  EXPOSITION 
BREEDING    CLASSES 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — E. 
E.  Mack  &  Son,  Thomasville,  Ga.,  on 
Mastodon  Wonder  354651  by  A  Mas- 
todon; dam.  Quality  Queen  by  King 
of  Wonder's  Equal. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — George  J.  Sayer 
McHenry,  111.,  on  Hawkeye  Giant 
Again  by  Hawkeye  Giant;  dam. 
Orange  Miss  2d  by  Orange  Boy. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — E. 
E.  Mack  &  Son,  Thomasville,  Ga.,  on 
Tolono  Girl  3d  835818  by  Tolono 
Timm;  dam.  Jumbo  Girl  by  Broadview 
Jumbo. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Theodore 
Purdy,  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  on  Miss  Pio- 
neer Buster  by  Sampson  Buster;  dam. 
Maid  of  Honor  2d  by  King  Joe. 

PACIFIC    INTERNATIONAL    LIVESTOCK    EXPO- 
SITION 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Her- 
bert Willard,  Dayton,  Ore.,  on  Oregoi^ 
Price's  Equal  374451  by  Big  Price's 
Equal;  dam.  Big  Mollie  A. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — O.  T.  Hubbard 
&  Son,  Dayton,  Ore.,  on  Western 
Clansman  414425  by  The  Giant  Clans- 
man; dam.  Jumbo  Beauty. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — E. 
O.  Loe,  Silverton,  Ore.,  on  Wonderful 
939202  by  Oregon  Bob;  dam.  Lady  Os- 
borne. 


HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 


Junior  Champion  Soiv — O.  T.  Murphy  & 
Son,  on  Giant  Belle  939204  by  Walter 
Farm  Giant;  dam,  Belle  Jumbo  M. 

WISCONSIN    STATE    FAIR 

Grand  Champion  Boar — William  Smiley 

&  Son  on  Orange  Miller. 
Junior   Champion    Boar — McDonald    on 

Mc's  Disturber. 
Grand    Champion    Sow — McDonald    on 

Vanderwilt's  Lucky. 
Junior     Champion     Sow — Nicholas     on 

gilt  by  Timm  Giant. 

CALIFORNIA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — John 
Glusing,  Winton,  Calif.,  on  King 
George  Big  Bone  by  King's  Big  Bone; 
dam,  Big  Model  Lady. 

Junior  and  Reserve  Grand  Champion 
Boar — Gate-wood  and  Stephens,  Fres- 
no, Calif.,  on  Navy  Boy  by  Fresno 
Boy;   dam.  Orange  Girl. 

Reserve  Senior  Champion  Boar — Mar- 
shall &  Son,  Sebastopol,  Calif.,  on 
Headlight  by  Repeater;  dam.  Dis- 
turber's Giantess. 

Reserve  Junior  Champion  Boar — A.  J. 
Elliott,  Tulare,  Calif.,  on  unnamed  pig 
by  Big  Gerstdale  Jones;  dam,  Long 
Girl. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Alex 
D.  McCarty,  San  Francisco,  Calif.,  on 
Liberty  Girl  3d  by  Fashion  Master- 
piece; dam,  Liberty  Girl  2d. 

Reserve  Senior  Champion  Sow — J.  F. 
Lehman,  Lodi,  Calif.,  on  Evergreen 
Hutch  by  Omaha;  dam,  Maid's  Won- 
der Again. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Bassett  Bros., 
Hanford,  Calif.,  on  Orange  Giantess 
by  Apex;  dam,  Columbus  Lady. 

Reserve  Junior  Champion  Sow — H.  C. 
Shinn,  Tulare,  Calif.,  on  Orange  Lady 
by  The  Calif ornian;  dam.  Bridges' 
Bobbie. 

INDIANA   STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — W. 
C.  Gambel,  Noblesville,  Ind.,  on  Big 
Bob  Orphan  111287  by  Big  Bob 
212613;  dam',  Orphan  Black  Maid 
515644. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — F.  A.  Williams, 
Williamsburg,  Ind.,  on  Clansman 
Lunker  131061  by  D's  Clansman;  dam, 
Lunker's  Lady. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — F. 
A.  William.s,  on  Lady  Fairfield  695046 
by  Big  Chief  Defender;  dam,  Lunker's 
Ladv. 


Junior  Champion  Sow — Silver  Brook 
Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  on  Clan's  Girl  2d 
b>  The  Clansman;  dam,  by  Big  Porter. 

MONTANA     STATE     FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
Hugh  Walter,  on  Big  Smooth  Orphan. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — W.  W.  Niven. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Hugh  Walter  on  Leona  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Hugh  Walter  on 
Blue  Ribbon  Giantess. 

TOPEKA    FREE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — Oli- 
vier &  Sons,  Danville,  Kas.,  on  Colum- 
bus Wonder  by  Big  Bob  Wonder. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Walter  &  Son, 
Bendena,  Kas.,  on  Timm's  Eclipse  by 
A  Big  Timm. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — Fred 
B.  Caldwell,  Topeka,  Kas.,  on  Orange 
May  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Walter  &  Son 
on  Miss  Belle. 

MISSOURI  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — G. 
E.  Petty,  Versailles,  Mo.,  on  King  Kole 
390599  by  Smooth  Prospect;  dam. 
Orange  Blossom  by  Orange  Boy. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Meyer  Bros., 
Hooper,  Neb.,  on  Western  Honor  by 
Giant  Liberator;  dam.  Black  Lil  by 
Disher's  Giant. 

Senior  Champion  Sow—B.  E.  Schuster, 
Blackwater,  Mo.,  on  Lil  Jones  272873 
by  Gerstdale  Jones;  dam,  Big  Lil  by 
Big  Wonder. 

Junior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — 
Meyer  Bros.,  Hooper,  Neb.,  on  Black 
Lil  2d  by  Giant  Liberator;  dam.  Black 
Lil  by  Disher's  Giant. 

COLORADO  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — H. 
B.  Payne,  Littleton,  Colo.,  on  Bald- 
win's Prize  1st. 

Junior  Champion  Boar — Colorado  Agri- 
cultural College,  on  Liberator's  Giant. 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — A.  D. 
McGilvray,  Boulder,  Colo.,  on  Victory. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — E.  E.  Johnson, 
Fort  Morgan,  Colo.,  on  Daisy  Lee. 

MINNESOTA    STATE    FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 
H.  A.  Lenz,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  on 
Smooth  Jumbo  by  Gerstdale  Jumbo; 
dam.  Miss  Fessy  by  Fessy's  Big  Joe. 

Junior  Champion  Boar— George  Wheeler 
&  Son,  Kasson,  Minn.,  on  The  Twin 
Six  by  Giant  Price;  dam.  Long 
Giantess  by  Nebraska  Bob. 


POLAND  CHINA  CHAMPIONS  1010-1020 


150 


Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Soiv — Krit- 
zeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  on 
Price  Lady  Bob  by  Big  Price's  Equal; 
dam.  Lady  Big  Bob  by  Big  Bob  2d. 

Junior  Champion  Sow — Kritzeck  Bros., 
on  Lady  Timm  by  Winning  Timm; 
dam,  Big  Mollie  A  by  Big  Tom. 

NEBRASKA  STATE  FAIR 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — 0.  J. 

McCuUough,   Clarks,  Neb.,  on  Jumbo 

Timm    3d    101753   by    Jumbo    Timm; 

dam.     Miss     Orphan     2d     by     Long 

Wonder. 
Junior    Champion    Boar — Meyer    Bros., 

Hooper,  Neb.,  on  Western  Honor  by 

Giant   Liberator;    dam,   Black   Lil   by 

Disher's  Giant. 
Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow — J.  C. 


Meese  &  Son,  Ord,  Neb.,  on  National 
Queen  by  Long  Wonder's  Master;  dam, 
Meese's  Model  Queen  by  Model  Big 
Bob. 
Junior  Champion  Sow — Meyer  Bros., 
Hooper,  Neb.,  on  Black  Lil  2d  by  Giant 
Liberator;  dam.  Black  Lil  by  Disher's 
Giant. 

STATE    FAIR    OF   LOUISIANA 

Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Boar — F. 

&  Mrs.  M.  B.  Younce,  Hatton,  Ark.,  on 

Sonny  Brook  Timon  313753. 
Junior  Champion  Boar — R.  O.  Deming, 

Oswego,  Kas.,  on  Longfellow  113380. 
Junior  and  Grand   Champion   Sow — R. 

O.  Deming,  Oswego,  Kan.,  on  America 

Maid  833634. 


•Compiled  and  published  first  by  the  Poland  China  Jour 


CHAPTER  XXIII 


The  Wide  Dissemination  of  the  Breed 

It  was  not  for  the  farmers  and  breeders  of  the  Miami  Valley  to  be 
wholly  responsible  for  the  development  of  the  great  American  breed,  for 
as  far  as  stage  coach  could  travel,  or  steam  boats  navigate,  the  Poland 
China  was  on  his  way  to  open  up  new 
territory,  and  not  once  has  this  breed  of 
breeds  been  forced  to  retreat. 

In  the  fifties,  native  sons  of  the  Miami 
Valley  drove  overland  to  Illinois  and 
Iowa,  some  venturing  as  far  as  Missouri 
and  Kansas,  taking  with  them  choice 
specimens  of  the  breed  antt  sending 
back  for  new  stock,  as  the  occasion  de- 
manded. Even  before  the  records  were 
organized,  trade  had  been  established 
on  this  one  commodity  through  the 
press,  and  large  numbers  were  being 
sold  by  Magie  &  Company  and  A.  C. 
Moore.  In  some  instances  state  fairs 
had  made  special  classifications  for  the 
new  breed,  and  breeders  would  travel 
miles  to  exhibit  and  sell  their  surplus 
stock. 

As  the  years  went  by  and  other 
methods  of  sale  became  in  evidence, 
such  as  the  public  sale  of  pigs  and  bred  sows,  a  still  larger  dissemination 
became  apparent.  Hogs  were  sold  at  auction  the  year  around,  which 
gathered  large  crowds  of  enthusiastic  supporters  and  made  more  popular 
the  breed.  From  this  method  foreign  countries  became  interested  and 
exportations  were  made  annually,  until  today  many  of  the  foreign  coun- 
tries point  with  pride  to  their  herds  of  the  great  American  breed  of  swine. 
The  adaptability  of  the  Poland  China  to  environment  is  first  class. 
No  matter  how  cold,  hot  or  dry  the  climate,  they  soon  accustom  them- 
selves and  within  a  short  time  are  perfectly  at  home.  No  other  breed 
can  excel  this  enviable  characteristic.  From  Maine  to  California,  and 
Montana  to  Florida,  the  Poland  China  has  met  with  nothing  but  welcome, 
and  what  was  fifteen  years  ago  a  desert  or  waste  land  now  blossoms 
with  forage  crops  and  populated  with  thriving  Poland  Chinas. 

If  we  were  to  mention  two  of  the  greatest  agencies  in  breed  distribu- 
tion of  late  years,  we  would  credit  the  public  auction  and  futurity  shows 
as  paramount.  Starting  in  1912,  the  futurities,  under  the  direction  of 
the  American  Poland  China  Record,  have  become  the  household  admira- 
tion in  twenty-five  states.  Premium  money  in  sufficient  quantities  is 
awarded  the  successful  winners  to  repay  them  for  the  eflfort  it  takes  to 


H.  E.   Singleton,  Dallas,  Tex. 
One    of    the   Breed's    Greatest    Boosters, 
Aiding  the  Industry  Much  in  the  South 


THE  WIDE  DISSEMINATION  OF  THE  BREED  161 

fit  and  show  a  group  of  pigs,  but  the  expense  to  the  American  Record 
has  been  returned  many  times  in  the  satisfaction  of  doing  something 
worth  while  in  the  promotion  of  the  breed.  Winners  in  the  futurities 
were  able  to  sell  their  hogs  at  advanced  prices,  which  was  another 
cause  for  the  breeder  to  enter  and  fit  his  young  hogs  for  the  show. 
Beginning  with  1921,  the  futurities  were  conducted  by  the  newly  organ- 
ized Poland  China  Promotion  committee,  the  united  effort  of  all  three 
Recording  Associations. 

The  recording  associations  have  received  pedigrees  from  breeders 
in  every  state  of  the  Union,  and  from  figures  compiled  by  the  National 
Swine  Growers  association  in  1920,  the  Poland  China's  lead  over  all 


By  Orange  Joe.     Seni, 


The  Climax  409439 
and  Grand  Champion   Tri-State   Fail 
hibited  by  a  Florida  Breeder 


breeds  in  the  greatest  number  of  recorded  pedigrees,  having  22,000 
more  than  their  nearest  rival.  A  total  of  168,430  Poland  China  pedigrees 
were  recorded  by  the  three  records  in  1920.  While  this  may  seem  the 
completeness  of  the  dream  of  the  Miami  farmers  and  stockmen,  it  cer- 
tainly is  not  the  completion  of  present  day  demands. 


CHAPTER  XXIV 


The  Three  Record  Associations  Organize  for  Rreed  Promotion 

r  URSUANT  to  a  call  sent  out  by  representatives  of  the  four  magazines 
devoted  to  Poland  Chinas,  to  the  directors  and  officers  of  the  three 
Poland  China  Record  associations,  for  a  conference  on  ways  and  means 
to  a  united  effort  toward  further  hreed  promotion,  a  meeting  was  held 
in  the  Statler  Hotel,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  June  29,  1920.  The  meeting  was 
opened  to  all  breeders  of  Poland  Chinas  who  were  interested  in  the 
breed's  advancement.    The  following  letter  was  the  ofTicial  call: 

'To  the  Directors  and  Officers  of  the  Three 
Poland  China  Record  Associations: 
"Realizing  the  absolute  necessity  of  co- 
operating in  some  way  to  meet  the  compe- 
tition of  other  breeds  in  promotion  work, 
representatives  of  the  four  Poland  China 
breed   papers  met  recently   to  discuss  the 
best  methods  for  effective  breed-promotion 
work   and   the   raising  of   the   funds  with 
^^a^S^^  which  to  carry  out  a  much  needed  and  more 

^      ^^^'^^^^^^     extensive  program. 
I^HH    .^1^  ^^^^^B  "The  breed  papers  are  now  carrying  on 

^^^H  ^E^^^^^^^l  ^^  educational  campaign  to  acquaint  the 
^^^^^^B^^^K^^^^  Poland  China  breeder  throughout  the  coun- 
^^^^|^^^^^^^^^H|     try  of  the  necessity  of  prompt  ac- 

WB^^^W^^^^WBy^l  tion  if  the  Poland  China  breed  is  to  pro- 
gress, or  even  hold  its  own  in  competition 
with  promotion  activities  of  other  breeds, 
particularly  our  strongest  competitor,  the 
Duroc  Jerseys.  The  Duroc  records,  as  you  should  know,  are  spending 
this  year  right  at  three  times  the  amount  of  money  to  push  their  breed 
that  the  three  Poland  China  records  are  spending.  They  have  funds 
available  for  this  work  by  reason  of  their  having  recently  raised  the  re- 
cording fee  to  $1  to  members  and  to  $1.50  to  non-members. 

"A  similar  raise  on  the  part  of  the  Poland  China  records  has  been 
suggested  as  not  only  the  surest  way,  but  the  most  equitable,  to  raise 
the  much-needed  funds.  It  is  with  this  idea  in  view,  together  with  the 
opportunity  it  affords  for  a  general  discussion  of  some  comprehensive 
breed-promotion  plan  where  all  agencies  of  the  breed  may  join  in  a 
united  efTort  for  the  breed,  that  a  big  breed-promotion  meeting  has  been 
called  for  St.  Louis  on  June  29,  at  which  time  we  respectfully  urge  every 
member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  each  record  to  attend. 

"Please  understand  that  the  Poland  China  papers  are  not  committed 
to  an  increase  of  the  recording  fees  as  the  only  method  of  meeting  this 


W.  M.  McFadden,  Chicago,  III. 
Secretary    American    Poland    Chin 
■  SI  Years 


Hecord  Associ: 


RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS  ORGANIZE 


1C3 


emergency.  They  do  feel  that  there  is  a  satisfactory  method  of  meeting 
the  situation  and  that  the  surest  way  of  finding  that  solution  is  in  a 
joint  discussion  by  all  members  of  the  three  boards  of  directors  and  as 
many  Poland  China  breeders  as  can  find  it  possible  to  attend  the  St. 
Louis  conference. 

"This  meeting,  at  which  we  already  have  the  assurance  of  a  large  and 
representative  attendance  of  breeders,  is  strictly  for  the  purpose  as 
above  outlined  and  is  not  concerned  in  any  way  with  a  consolidation  of 
the  records.  It  is  a  big  get-together  meeting  for  promotion  of  the  breed, 
and  every  man  interested  in  seeing  the  breed  progress  should  feel  a 
personal  obligation  to  attend. 

"We  cannot  too  strongly  urge  the  necessity  and  importance  of  your 
presence  at  this  meeting.  It  is  the  duty  of  every  Poland  China  breeder 
to  lend  his  personal  support  to  this  great  movement.  Watch  the  breed 
papers  for  further  particulars. 

(Signed)  "National  Poland  China  Journal, 

"American  Swineherd, 
"The  Poland  China  Journal, 
"The  Swine  World." 
A  large  delegation  attended  this  meeting,  twelve  states  being  repre- 
sented. Each  record  association  was  officially  represented  by  their 
directors  and  secretaries.  C.  G.  McCahan,  Muncie,  Ind.,  was  selected 
as  chairman  of  the  meeting,  and  the 
first  hour  was  given  over  to  hearing 
from  the  breeders  as  to  the  needs  of 
breed  promotion.  Later  the  chairman 
appointed  a  committee,  consisting  of 
the  chairman,  E.  W.  Nelson,  of  Mis- 
souri; Fred  B.  Caldwell,  of  Kansas;  E. 
C.  Barber,  of  South  Dakota;  Mayor 
Jewett,  of  Indiana,  and  the  three  rec- 
ord secretaries,  to  draft  a  plan  by 
which  sufiicient  money  could  be  raised 
and  spent  co-operatively. 

Considerable  discussion  was  made 
as  to  whom  should  rest  the  "powers" 
to  handle  the  breed  promotion.  Some 
argued  that  the  record  associations 
had  failed  in  doing  sufiicient  promo- 
tion work,  and  were  hoarding  up  the 
surplus  of  each  year's  business;  there- 
fore, in  order  to  assure  all  moneys  be 
used  for  promotion  of  the  breed,  the 
control  of  such  an  organization  should 
be  vested  with  an  association  of  Poland 
China  breeders.  This  brought  forth  considerable  storm  from  the  record 
association  officers,  who  served  warning  that  in  no  means  would  they 
turn  over  funds  to  support  such  an  organization.  The  more  conservative 
breeders  agreed  with  the  record  officials,  and  in  the  middle  of  the 
turmoil,  after  a  vindication  talk  on  the  ability  and  honesty  of  the 
various  record  officials  by  Secretary  A.  M.  Brown  of  the  National  Poland 


W.  Young.  Peoria.  III. 
Secretary  of  the  Poland   Chi: 
Promotion  Committee 


164  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

China  Record,  he  (Mr.  Brown)  suggested  that  if  opportunity  was  given 
the  officers  of  the  three  records,  he  helieved  they  could  work  out  a 
program  suitable  to  all.  At  this  suggestion  the  directors  and  secretaries 
of  the  three  records  adjourned  to  another  room,  and  in  a  short  time 
returned  with  a  plan  whereby  the  three  records  organized  themselves 
as  the  Poland  China  Breed  Promotion  association,  having  as  the  direc- 
torate three  directors  from  each  record.  Also,  that  they  would  go  before 
their  respective  record  associations,  asking  for  an  increase  in  the  record- 
ing fees  to  double  the  present  rate,  effective  not  later  than  October  1, 
1920.  This  surplus  to  go  into  a  common  fund  for  the  purpose  of  being 
spent  in  strictly  breed  promotion.  It  was  further  suggested  that  in  lieu 
of  the  feeling  expressed  by  the  breeders  in  session,  for  the  lack  of  confi- 
dence in  the  record  association  officers  to  carry  out  such  a  plan,  the 
breeders  could  suggest  a  secretary  to  work  under  the  directors.  This 
plan  was  adopted,  and  for  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  Poland  Chinas, 
the  three  record  associations  were  determined  to  pull  together  for  the 
advancement  of  their  favorite  breed. 

A  motion  was  made  to  hold  another  meeting  during  the  week  of  the 
National  Swine  show,  but  for  some  reason  or  other,  the  meeting  was 
never  held.  Later,  on  November  16,  1920,  the  three  associations  repre- 
sented by  the  three  directors  appointed  on  the  Breed  Promotion  com- 
mittee from  each  record,  with  the  secretaries  of  each  record,  met  in  St. 
Louis  to  perfect  a  working  organization.  A  full  report  of  this  meeting 
is  herewith  given,  from  the  records  of  the  secretary: 

THE  PROMOTION  COMMITTEE   MEETS 

Meeting  called  to  order  by  Mr.  McCahan,  11:30  a.  m. 

Record  association  directors  present: 

C.  G.  McCahan,  Muncie,  Ind.;  C.  Kirkpatrick,  Selma,  Ala.;  J.  H.  Lackey,  James- 
town, Ohio;  Thos.  Hunter,  Morrow,  Ohio;  C.  W.  Phillips,  New  Sharon,  Iowa;  P. 
W.  Young,  Prosper,  Minn.;  W.  O.  Garrett,  Maryville,  Mo.;  0.  E.  Wade,  Rising  City, 
Neb.;  S.  McKelvie,  Fairfield,  Nebr. 

Record  association  secretaries  present: 

F.  L.  Garrett,  Maryville,  Mo.;  W.  M.  McFadden,  Chicago,  111.;  A.  M.  Brown, 
Winchester,  Ind. 

Motion  by  W.  O.  Garrett,  seconded  by  Lackey,  that  C.  G.  McCahan  act  as  tem- 
porary chairman.     Carried. 

Motion  by  Hunter,  seconded  by  Wade,  that  P.  W.  Young  act  as  temporary 
secretary.    Carried. 

Motion  by  Kirkpatrick,  seconded  by  Hunter.  An  agreement  has  been  entered 
by  the  Standard  Poland  China  Record  association  of  Maryville,  Mo.,  the  National 
Poland  China  Record  association  of  Winchester,  Ind.,  and  the  American  Poland 
China  Record  association  of  Chicago,  111.,  whereby  the  revenue  received  from 
the  increase  in  recording  fees  which  went  into  effect  Septmber  1,  1920,  is  used 
as  a  fund  for  the  promotion  of  the  welfare  of  the  Poland  China  breed  of  swine 
and  the  breeders  thereof,  resolved  that  we,  the  representatives  of  the  above-men- 
tioned record  associations,  do  hereby  agree  to  form  an  organization  to  be  known 
as  the  Poland  China  Breed  Promotion  committee,  whose  object  shall  be  the  pro 
motion  of  the  welfare  of  the  breed  of  Poland  China  swine  and  the  breeders  there 
of  and  the  proper  disbursement  of  the  funds  to  be  provided  by  the  above-men 
tioned  associations,  and  that  a  contract  be  tendered,  the  Standard  Poland  China 
Record  association,  the  National  Poland  China  Record  association  and  the  Amei 
ican  Poland  China  Record  association  which  shall  be  in  effect  substantially  as 
follows : 

The  Standard.  National,  and  American  Poland  China  Record  associations 
hereby  agree  to  pay  all  money  received  during  the  (juarter  preceding,  from  the 


RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS  ORGANIZE  165 

increase  of  recording  fees  which  went  into  effect  September  1,  1920,  to  the  treas- 
urer of  the  Poland  China  Breed  Promotion  committee  not  later  than  the  20th  of 
the  month  following  the  close  of  each  fiscal  quarter. 

This  agreement  shall  be  in  effect  from  its  date  and  can  be  concluded  only 
by  notice  in  writing,  sent  by  registered  mail  by  the  authority  of  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  withdrawing  record  association  to  the  president  of  the  Poland 
China  Breed  Promotion  committee,  stating  that  support  of  the  Poland  China 
Breed  Promotion  committee  will  be  withdrawn  one  (1)  year  from  the  date  of 
such  notice.    Carried. 

By  request  of  Chairman  McCahan  for  figures  representing  past  business  as 
bearing  on  possible  future  prospects.  Secretary  McFadden  submitted  the  follow- 
ing record  and  estimates  which  were  discussed  by  the  committee.  Secretaries 
Brown  and  Garrett  concurred  in  the  report  and  estimates  as  being  representative 
of  the  conditions  in  their  respective  associations. 

The  following  is  Secretary  McFadden's  record  of  the  past  receipts  and  esti- 
mate of  probable  receipts  available  for  promotion  in  1921: 

AMERICAN    ni;COnD    RECEIPTS 

1-^07  $  22,731.47 

1>'08  13,570.65 

1909,  57  per  cent  of  1007 12,907.94 

1010  16!373.26 

1911  20,161.57 

If'lS  16,130.30 

1913  18,829.74 

1914  21,847.11 

1915  21,566.43 

1916  27,243.58 

1917  36,157.40 

1918  54,126.85 

1919  79,919.55 

1920  110,168.09 

PROMOTION    FUND  ESTIMATE  BASED  ON   AMERICAN    EE-OaD   BUSINESS 

Receipts  for  recording  1920,  fiscal  year  ending  October  1st- $  88,110.00 

Excess  on  pedigrees  at  new  rate  about 4,800.00 

Amount  available  for  breed  promotion  in  1921,  based  on  1920  business.  83,310.00 
p:stimated  amount  from  other  two  records,  based  on   1919   and   1920 

figures    46,690.00 

Estimated  promotion  fund  1921  based  on  1920  receipts  from  three  rec- 
ords       130,000.00 

Promotion  funds  available  1921,  based  on  receipts  1907,  1908  and  1909.      74,100.00 
Possible  receipts  available  in   1921,  based  on   Secretary   McFadden's  report, 
were  $74,100.00.     He  stated  that  his  reason  for  going  back  to  1907  was  because 
at  the  end  of  that  year  there  was  a  marked  collapse  in  the  business. 

Possible  receipts  available  in  1921,  based  on  the  amounts  received  by  the 
record  associations  covering  the  period  from  September  1,  1920,  to  November  15, 
1920,  are  an  estimated  total  of  $13,225.00,  or  $5,290.00  per  month,  a  total  of 
$63,480.00  per  year. 

After  discussion  a  basis  of  $65,000.00  available  for  the  year  1921  was  ap- 
proved by  the  committee  as  a  proper  estimate  of  the  amount  which  would  be 
available  in  1921. 

Expenditures  of  the  record  associations  for  promotion  work  in  1920  were 
estimated  as  follows: 

Futurities,    American $13,000.00 

Promotion  shows,   American 3,500.00 

Field  secretary,   American 6,000.00 

Pig  club.  Standard 5,000.00 

Pig  club,   American 1,000.00 

Pig  club,  National 700.00 

Promotion  sales.  National 2,100.00 


166  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

Promotion  sales,  American 2,500.00 

National  Swine  show,  American 2,000.00 

National  Swine  Growers'  association,  American 1,200.00 

Atlanta  premiums,  American 1,000.00 

International  barrows,  American 750.00 

South  America  show  herd,  American 1,800.00 


$40,550.00 


The  above  estimate  contains  the  major  items  of  expenditure  in  promotion 
work. 

On  motion  by  Kirkpatrick,  seconded  by  Wade,  the  attached  constitution  and 
by-laws  for  the  governing  of  the  committee  were  adopted.  C.  G.  McCahan  placed 
in  nomination  for  president  of  the  committee  by  Hunter,  seconded  by  Kirkpatrick. 
Moved  by  Garrett,  seconded  by  Phillips,  that  nominations  be  closed  and  secretary 
instructed  to  cast  the  entire  ballot  for  Mr.  McCahan.     Carried. 

P.  W.  Young  placed  in  nomination  for  secretary  of  the  committee  by  Lackey, 
seconded  by  Wade.  Motion  by  Kirkpatrick,  seconded  by  McKelvie,  that  nomi- 
nation be  closed,  that  the  president  be  instructed  to  cast  the  entire  ballot  for 
Young  as  secretary.     Carried. 

W.  O.  Garrett  placed  in  nomination  for  treasurer  by  Hunter,  seconded  by 
Phillips.  Moved  by  Lackey,  seconded  by  Kirkpatrick,  that  nomination  be  closed 
and  secretary  instructed  to  cast  the  entire  ballot  for  Garrett  as  treasurer.    Carried. 

The  president  appointed  as  vice  president  J.  H.  Lackey. 

On  the  basis  of  the  estimate  of  receipts  for  the  year  of  1921  and  the  estimated 
expenditures  of  the  year  1920  the  following  tentative  budget  of  expenditure  for 
1921  was  agreed  upon  subject  to  necessary  advisable  revision: 

Futurities    $11,120.00 

Pig  club 7,500.00 

Field  secretary  expense 16,000.00 

P^omotion    shows 5,500.00 

International  barrow 1,000.00 

Printing 5,000.00 

National  Swine  show 2,000.00 

National  Swine  Growers'   association 1,200.00 

Publicity    2,500.00 

Clerical    3,000.00 

Postage    2,500.00 

Contingent     5,000.00 

Executive  expense 2,580.00 


$65,000.00 


This  does  not  provide  for  a  paid  secretary  and  a  central  office,  which  expenses 
were  estimated  as  $15,000.00  in  addition  to  the  above  $65,000.00  and  by  reason 
of  the  fact  that  funds  being  limited,  it  was  the  judgment  of  the  committee  that 
this  item  must  be  omitted  from  the  budget  until  such  time  as  the  financial  condi- 
tion of  the  committee  would  warrant  the  expenditure  without  the  curtailment  of 
the  promotion  work  provided  for  in  the  above  schedule. 

Motion  by  Lackey,  seconded  by  Kirkpatrick,  to  adjourn.     Carried. 

The  following  constitution  was  adopted  by  the  Breed  Promotion  committee: 

CONSTITUTION 

Article  1.  The  name  of  this  organization  shall  be  the  Poland  China  Breed 
Promotion  committee. 

Article  2.  The  object  and  purpose  of  the  organization  shall  be  such  acts  as 
in  the  judgment  of  its  directors,  will  best  promote  the  interests  of  the  breed  of 
Poland  China  swine  and  the  breeders  llureor  and  the  proper  disbursement  of  the 
funds  for  that  purpose. 


RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS  ORGANIZE 


Article  1.  The  affairs  of  the  committee  shall  be  managed  and  controlled  by 
a  board  of  nine  (9)  directors,  three  (3)  from  each  record  association,  and  who 
shall  have  been  appointed  or  elected  in  such  a  manner  as  the  directors  of  that 
record  association  shall  provide.  They  shall  serve  for  one  year  or  until  their 
successor  shall  have  been  appointed  and  qualified.  In  the  event  of  death  or 
resignation  a  director  shall  be  elected  or  appointed  in  such  manner  as  the  direc- 
tors of  the  association  in  which  the  vacancy  occurs  shall  provide  to  complete  the 
unexpifed  term. 

Article  2.     The  private  property  of  the  members  of  the  committee  shall  not 
be  liable  for  the  debts  of  the  committee. 

Article  3.  Beginning  with  the  year  1921  the  annual  meeting  of  the  members 
of  this  committee  shall  be  held  during  the  month  of  December,  at  such  place,  on 
such  date,  and  at  such  hour  as  the  executive  committee  shall  designate.  Notice 
thereof  shall  be  mailed  by  the  secretary  to  each  member  at  least  ten  days  prior 
lo  the  date  of  the  meeting. 

Article  4.  The  board  of  directors  shall  in  addition  to  its  annual  meeting  hold 
a  regular  meeting  in  the  month  of  July  of  each  year.  The  date,  location,  and 
hour  of  which  shall  be  fixed  by  the  president  and  notice  of  which  shall  be  mailed 
by  the  secretary  to  each  director  at  least  ten  days  prior  to  the  date  of  the  meeting. 

Article  5.  Special  meetings  of  the  board  of  directors  may  be  called,  giving 
at  least  ten  days'  written  notice,  by  the  order  of  the  president  or  by  the  secretary 
upon  written  request  of  three  or  more  members  of  the  board  of  directors. 

Article  6.  At  its  annual  meeting  the  board  of  directors  shall  elect  a  president, 
secretary  and  treasurer,  who  shall  constitute  the  executive  committee  and  who 
shall  hold  office  for  one  year  or  until  their  successors  shall  have  been  elected 
and  qualified.  These  officers  shall  be  elected  one  from  each  of  the  three  record 
as.sociations.  The  president  shall  designate  one  (1)  member  as  vice  president 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  act  and  preside  in  the  absence  of  the  president. 

Article  7.  The  board  of  directors  shall  fix  the  salaries  of  such  officers,  agents 
and  assistants  as  shall  be  regularly  employed  by  the  committee  and  the  executive 
committee  shall  fix  the  compensation  of  any  special  employe. 

Article  8.  The  actual  expenses  of  the  directors  when  in  attendance  on  the 
annual,  regular  or  special  meetings  of  the  board  of  directors  or  executive  com- 
mittee shall  be  paid  out  of  the  funds  of  the  committee.  In  addition  to  such  ex- 
penses each  director  except  the  ex-officio  members  shall  be  paid  $10  per  day  for 
each  necessary  day's  absence  from  home  in  attendance  at  such  meetings,  provided 
that  not  more  than  three  days  shall  be  allowed  for  any  one  meeting. 

Article  9.  The  treasurer  shall  execute  and  deliver  to  the  committee,  a  bond 
for  the  performance  of  his  duty  in  such  sum  as  the  board  of  directors  shall  from 
time  to  time  prescribe  with  approved  surety  company  as  surety,  the  cost  of  which 
shall  be  paid  by  the  committee. 

Article  10.  The  secretaries  of  the  three  record  associations  shall  be  ex-officio 
and  advisory  members  of  the  committee,  without  voting  power. 

Article  11.  A  majority  of  the  board  of  directors  shall  constitute  a  quorum 
for  the  transaction  of  business  at  any  meeting  of  the  hoard  of  directors  except 
as  otherwise  provided  in  the  by-laws,  providing  that  if  a  quorum  be  not  present 
they  shall  have  power  to  adjourn  from  time  to  time  not  to  exceed  one  day. 

Article  12.  The  president  shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  the  directors.  He 
shall  sign  warrants  drawn  on  the  treasurer  by  the  order  of  the  board  of  directors 
or  the  executive  committee,  maintain  a  general  supervision  over  the  affairs  of  the 
committee  and  report  to  the  annual  meeting  and  make  such  suggestions  as  he 
may  deem  advisable. 

Article  13.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  secretary  to  keep  a  record  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  all  meetings  of  the  board  of  directors  and  the  executive  committee  in 
a  book  furnished  for  that  purpose,  and  shall  do  and  perform  such  duties  as  may 
be  required  of  him  by  the  board  of  directors,  and  the  executive  committee. 

Article  14.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  treasurer  to  receive  all  money  from 
the  record  associations,  keep  a  just  and  accurate  account  of  the  same  and  pay  out 
on  the  order  of  the  president,  countersigned  by  the  properly  designated  agent  of 


168  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

the  committee  and  annually  prior  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the  board  of  all  moneys 
received  and  paid  out  by  him  and  business  transacted  for  the  fiscal  year  ending 
November  30th. 

Article  15.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  executive  committee,  of  which  a  ma- 
jority shall  constitute  a  quorum,  to  carry  out  and  execute  the  orders  of  the  board 
of  directors,  to  audit  all  bills  presented  against  the  committee  and  to  approve  or 
reject  the  same,  to  examine  and  verify  the  accounts  of  the  treasurer  and  other 
ofTicers  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  November  30th  preceding  and  to  report  thereon 
to  the  board  of  directors  at  their  annual  meeting.  It  shall  be  their  duty  to  ar- 
range and  execute  all  contracts  necessary  to  be  entered  into  by  the  committee 
for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  its  objects  not  otherwise  provided  for. 

Article  16.  These  by-laws  may  be  altered  or  amended  at  any  regular  meet- 
ing or  at  any  special  meeting  of  the  board  of  directors,  by  an  affirmative  vote  of 
not  less  than  six  members  of  the  board  of  directors. 

Following  closely  the  committee  meeting  in  St.  Louis  on  November 
16th,  Chairman  McCahan  issued  a  call  for  a  general  meeting  of  the  Po- 
land China  breeders,  in  Chicago  November  30th,  during  the  week  of 
the  International  Live  Stock  show.  This  meeting  was  not  very  well  at- 
tended, and  much  of  the  program  was  given  over  to  reports  of  commit- 
tees appointed  in  the  June  meeting  at  St.  Louis. 

The  committee  on  constitution  and  bj^-laws  for  the  Poland  China 
Breed  Promotion  association  gave  a  report  which  called  forth  consider- 
able discussion,  especially  regarding  the  clause  providing  for  a  paid 
secretary,  and  the  maintenance  of  his  office.  There  seemed  to  be  a  dif- 
ference of  opinion  regarding  the  office  of  secretary,  some  maintaining 
that  the  St.  Louis  meeting  did  not  authorize  the  employment  of  such  an 
otTicer,  and  that  the  breeders'  association  was  only  to  recommend  the 
name  of  a  secretary.  If  the  said  nominee  was  agreeable  to  the  direc- 
torate, he  would  be  employed.  Others  argued  that  the  meeting  then  in 
session  was  to  elect  the  secretary.  No  records  of  previous  meetings 
being  in  the  hands  of  the  meeting,  a  motion  prevailed  to  continue  the 
committee  on  secretary  nomination,  and  that  said  committee  should 
notify  the  president  when  they  were  ready  to  make  a  definite  report. 
Also  that  it  was  the  wishes  of  the  breeders,  although  a  scarcity  of  funds 
seemed  to  prevail,  a  central  office  for  such  promotion  as  might  be  done, 
would  be  the  logical  thing  to  do,  in  view  of  the  fact  it  would  be  unfair 
to  ask  any  one  of  the  records  to  do  the  work. 

The  Standard  Record  was  not  represented  in  the  meeting,  either  by 
members  or  ofTicers,  and  such  action  as  was  conferred  upon  the  pro- 
motion committee  to  render,  would  not  be  fully  authorized  until  they 
(Standard)  had  concurred  therein. 

On  January  25,  192L  the  Breed  Promotion  committee  representing 
all  three  records,  met  in  St.  Louis,  and  came  to  a  satisfactory  under- 
standing as  to  location  of  the  office  and  the  employing  of  suitable  men 
to  carry  on  the  promotion  work.  The  official  report  from  this  meeting 
is  thus: 

A  contract  satisfactory  to  the  three  record  associations  and  the  Breed  Pro- 
motion connnittee  was  agreed  upon  and  executed  by  the  officers  of  the  three 
record  associaions.  The  question  of  the  best  method  of  conducting  the  breed- 
promotion  work  occupied  the  attention  of  the  committee  for  the  greater  part  of 
the  day.  Plans  for  doing  the  work  through  the  offices  of  the  record  assciations, 
by  means  of  a  division  of  territory  and  also  by  the  method  of  a  division  of  the 
work,  were  thoroughly  discussed  and  analyzed.  The  dominant  idea  of  all  present 
was  t6  endeavor  to  find  the  method  that  would  enable  the  work  to  be  well  con- 


RECORD  ASSOCIATIONS  ORGANIZE  16'J 

ducted  with  a  minimum  of  friction  and  along  the  lines  of  harmonious  action  be- 
tween the  records  which,  in  spite  of  statements  to  the  contrary,  has  characterized 
the  work  of  the  various  representatives  of  the  record  associations  up  to  this  time. 
The  discussion  brought  out  the  fact  that  there  were  serious  objecions  that  could 
be  properly  urged  against  any  of  the  proposed  plans.  The  solution  of  the  whole 
problem  appeared  to  be  the  establishment  of  an  oflice  from  which  all  of  the  breed- 
promotion  work  could  be  done,  even  though  this  would  curtail  the  amount  avail- 
able for  promotion  work  to  some  extent,  and  this  was  the  plan  adopted. 

Upon  the  urgent  solicitation  of  all  of  the  other  members  of  the  promotion 
committee,  the  three  members  of  the  executive  committee,  consisting  of  C.  G. 
McCahan,  president;  P.  W.  Young,  secretary;  W.  0.  Garrett,  treasurer,  each  agreed 
to  arrange  his  business  affairs  so  as  to  enable  him  to  give  his  time  to  the  work 
and  the  three  men  will  have  entire  charge  of  the  promotion  work.  An  office  will 
be  opened  in  Peoria,  111.,  in  a  short  time.  Mr.  Young  will  make  his  home  in 
Peoria,  and  will  be  the  secretary  in  active  charge. 

The  plans  of  the  committee  embrace  the  continuation  of  the  futurities,  the 
promotion  shows,  pig  club  work  and  an  extensive  campaign  of  publicity  through 
the  medium  of  the  press,  pamphlets,  pictures  and  other  available  means.  The  con- 
sensus of  opinion  of  the  board  was  that  the  important  consideration  is  to  have 
the  promotion  work  in  charge  of  men  who  have  been  for  a  considerable  time 
closely  identified  with  the  breed  and  thoroughly  conversant  with  (he  swine  in- 
dustry and  the  needs  of  the  Poland  China  breed. 

The  members  of  the  executive  committee  are  thoroughly  representative  and 
meet  these  requirements  to  such  a  degree  that  it  was  not  thought  possible  to  get 
a  like  number  so  well  qualified  and  who  would  represent  all  sections  and  interests 
of  the  breed. 

The  executive  committee  expects  to  make  all  possible  speed  in  getting  ar- 
rangements made  so  as  to  be  able  to  announce  that  the  office  is  ready  for  business. 
About  March  1,  1921,  official  announcement  was  made  regarding  the 
secretary's  office,  the  same  being  located  at  1307  Peoria  Life  Building, 
Peoria,  111.,  in  the  heart  of  the  swine  industry  of  the  United  States.  The 
first  new  business  of  the  office  was  the  futurity  herd  nominations,  rules, 
etc.  For  the  most  part,  in  spite  of  the  conditions  of  the  financial  world, 
the  states  responded  in  the  usual  hearty  way,  the  spirit  of  co-operation 
so  characteristic  of  Poland  China  breeders. 


CHAPTER  XXV 


The  Dawn  of  Breed  Journalism 

IJREED  journalism  had  its  beginning  prior  to  1880,  in  the  form  of 
periodicals  devoting  considerable  space  toward  encouraging  breeders  of 
pure-bred  stock  in  the  using  of  their  publications  as  the  logical  means 
of  rapid  salesmanship. 

The  Ohio  Farmer  played  a  very  important  part  in  the  organizing  of 
the  Ohio  Poland  China  Record;  in  fact,  its  owners  are  largely  respon- 
sible for  the  foundation  of  a  pure-bred  breed  of  swine,  for  they  could 
have  very  easily  forgotten  the  work  of  Carl  Freigau,  when  he,  under 
the  burden  of  the  responsibility  of  gathering  and  printing  the  basis  of 
the  new  breed,  mysteriously  disappeared, 
^^.-■,^^  leaving  the  unfinished  book  and  a  tremen- 

XP     '^^^^^  dous  expense  upon  their  shoulders.    Begin- 

^  ^"^  ning  in  the  late  eighties,  a  few  publications 

inaugurated  the  method  of  sending  per- 
sonal representatives  to  solicit  advertising 
from  the  breeders  direct.  These  representa- 
tives were  generally  known  as  "fieldmen," 
and,  as  time  advanced,  their  work  became 
of  a  two-fold  nature,  namely,  soliciting  ad- 
vertising and  assisting  the  advertiser  or 
breeder  in  the  purchase  of  breeding  stock. 

Among  the  earlier  publications  that 
were  exponents  of  better  live  stock  and  car- 
ried a  great  deal  of  Poland  China  advertis- 
ing, were  the  Indiana  Farmer,  Indiana 
Guide,  Western  Swine  Breeder,  Farmer's 
Review,  Breeder's  Special,  Dakota  Farmer. 
Nebraska  Farmer,  Iowa  Homestead,  Wal- 
lace's Farmer,  Twentieth  Century  Farmer, 
lly  all  of  these  had  from  one  to  eight  field- 
Publications 
devoted  exclusively  to  a  single  breed  of  swine  a.  -  of  but  recent  date. 
The  American  Swineherd  was  founded  in  1885,  o.  the  primary  basis 
that  the  swine  business  was  important  enough  and  large  enough  to  be 
cTiampioncd  by  a  strictly  swine  publication.  This  was  the  product  and 
genius  of  James  Baynes,  then  of  Alexandria,  S.  D.  After  five  years  of 
ups  and  downs,  in  a  western  town,  the  publication  was  moved  to  Chi- 
cago, to  be  more  centrally  located;  in  fact,  to  be  nearer  the  most  densely 
populate<l  swine  territory.  All  kinds  of  pure-bred  swine  advertising 
was  solicited,  and  not  until  1911  was  this  publication  devoted  entirely 
to  Poland  Chinas.     In  the  early  nineties  Mr.  Baynes  was  attracted  to 


A.  M.  Brown.  Winchester,  Ind. 
Secretary  of  the  National  Poland 
China  Record,  and  Part  Owner  and 
Manager  of  the  National  Poland 
China  Journal 

and  Mail  &  Breeze.    Practi 

men,  devoting  their  full   time   to  live  stock  advertising 


THE  DAWN  OF  BREED  JOURNALISM 


171 


George  M.  Cantrcll,  Waynesvillc,  111.,  who  had  become  popular  as  a 
Poland  China  breeder,  and  the  owner  of  the  record  price,  Geo.  Wilkes 
14487.  Mr.  Cantrell  joined  the  Swineherd  staff,  and  for  a  number  of 
years  spent  a  great  share  of  his  time  in  the  field,  and  of  late  as  the  sec- 
retary and  chief  advisor  in  charge  of  the  large  corps  of  fieldmen.  Dur- 
ing the  days  of  the  rapid  rise  of  the  Poland  Chinas,  when  types  were 


James    Baynes.    Chicago,    III. 
Founder   and    Part    Owner    of     the 
America7i     Sioineherd.     An     Entire 

Life  Given  to   Breed  Publicity 


George  M.  Cantrell,  Chicago,  III. 


being  changed  and  "clicks"  were  dominating,  the  Swineherd  was  the 
chief  advertising  medium  for  all  breeders. 

In  Chicago,  during  the  early  fall  of  1912,  the  Swine  World  pubHshed 
its  first  edition  under  the  ownership  of  L.  E.  Frost.  It  started  off  with 
considerable  success,  having  a  department  for  each  breed  of  swine,  and 
from  one  to  three  fieldmen  for  each  breed.  In  three  years  the  paper 
became  the  property  of  the  Jas.  J.  Doty 
Publishing  Co.,  then  of  Chicago,  and  in 
April,  1920,  moving  to  Des  Moines,  in  a 
newly  built  plant.  In  April,  1919,  the  publi- 
cation was  changed  from  an  all-breed  paper 
to  strictly  Poland  China,  and  from  a  month- 
ly to  a  semi-monthly. 

The  Poland  China  Journal,  Kansas  City, 
Mo.,  was  founded  in  August,  1914,  by  C.  H. 
Walker,  who  for  several  years  had  been  one 
of  the  prominent  fieldmen  of  the  western 
cornbelt.  Feeling  that  every  man  who 
breeds  Poland  Chinas  believes  that  Poland 
Chinas  have  points  of  superiority  over  other 
breeds  of  swine,  and  that  he  wants  to  read 
about  these  points  of  superiority,  as  well  as 
having  others  read  about  them,  in  a  pubH- 
cation  that  is  strictly  a  champion  for  the 
breed,  led  Mr.  Walker  to  found  the  Poland 


AMES  J.  Doty,  Des  Moines.  Iowa 
Publisher   of   The   Sivine   World 


172  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINR 

China  Journal.  From  its  conception  it  has  been  very  succcsst'ul,  being 
loyally  patronized  by  the  breeders,  at  the  same  time  furnishing  to  the 
breeders  the  latest  happenings,  reports  of  sales  and  fairs,  being  a  semi- 
monthly magazine  from  the  beginning. 

The  National  Poland  China  Journal,  Winchester,  Ind.,  was  founded 
by  members  of  the  National  Poland  China  Record  company,  in  1916, 


ler     and     Publisher     of    The     Poland 
Journal,  Kansas  City,  Mo.    Founded 
in  laii 


ANSAS   City, 
gcr   and   for   Several    Yean 
of   the   Poland   China   Jourr 


the  outgrowth  of  the  move  to  consolidate  the  three  Poland  China  Rec- 
ords. The  breeders  and  members  believed  they  should  have  a  paper 
devoted  to  advancing  their  interests,  and  one  that  was  nearer  to  them. 
After  a  few  years  as  the  property  of  the  Record  company,  the  publica- 
tion became  the  property  of  a  few  individ- 
uals under  the  management  of  A.  M.  Brown, 
secretary  of  the  National  Poland  China 
Record.  Rs  rise  has  been  most  rapid  and 
very  successful,  filling  a  much  needed  place 
in  the  eastern  and  southeastern  states. 

The  breed  paper  is  here  to  stay.  It  has 
demonstrated  its  right  to  a  permanent 
place  in  the  field  of  live  stock  literature. 
The  general  agricultural  paper  must  steer 
a  devious  course  in  order  to  avoid  offense 
to  its  advertisers.  R  cannot  emphasize  the 
points  of  superiority  of  one  breed  over  an- 
other for  fear  of  being  accused  of  favorit- 
ism and  losing  patronage.  The  circulation 
of  the  breed  paper  is  a  highly  specialized 
one,  every  reader  being  a  potential  cus- 
tomer of  every  advertiser.  There  have 
been  times  when  it  seemed  that  the  de- 
mands by  the  breed  papers  for  greater 
things  of  the  breed,  would  carry  it  beyond 
all  possibilities,  but  the  breed  has  kept  pace. 


'ILL[AMS.     POHTLAND, 


THE  DAWN  OF  BREED  JOURNALISM  173 

In  the  moves  for  consolidation,  breed  promotion  and  other  interests, 
national  in  scope,  have  brought  out  the  quality  of  the  personnel  in  charge 
of  each  publication,  each  finding  ready  support  by  breeders,  typifying 
the  diversified  opinions  of  the  originators  in  the  formation  of  the  breed. 
During  the  late  years,  when  prices  for  Poland  Chinas  soared  to  unbe- 
lievable heights,  advertising  was  easily 
sold.  At  the  prevailing  rates  of  flOO  per 
page  per  single  issue,  breeders  would  use 
from  four  to  sixty  pages  with  one  magazine 
in  a  year,  some  using  two  to  twelve  pages 
in  a  single  issue.  Special  editions  were  is- 
sued each  year,  reviewing  the  past  years' 
business.  Advertising,  being  one  of  the 
chief  objects  of  these  editions,  resulted  in 
the  size  of  a  single  issue  reaching  over  600 
and  as  high  as  1000  pages,  advertising  and 
reading  matter  combined. 

If  any  criticism  should  be  made  of  the 
breed  papers  it  would  be  there  were  too 
many  devoted  to  the  Poland  Chinas,  creat- 
ing a  burden  upon  the  breeders  in  the  way 
of  duplication  of  advertising.  This,  in  the 
main,  was  the  fault  of  the  breeders,  but  the 
temptation  or  chance  to  have  a  better  sale 
led  to  the  purchasing  of  additional  and  un- 
necessary advertising  in  order  to  have  the  assistance  and  support  of  the 
fieldmen,  which  in  most  instances  did  not  prove  profitable.  Limited 
territories  made  it  possible  to  cover  the  field  most  thoroughly  by  the 
fieldmen  for  each  breed  paper  and  farm  journal.  It  is  true  the  limited 
territories  made  possible  the  quick  development  of  smaller  breeders, 
yet  it  is  equally  true  that  the  general  business  became  too  much  local- 
ized, dominated  by  individuals,  that  in  some  instances  proved  very  detri- 
mental to  the  best  interests  of  the  breed  and  breeders. 


Hodge  Jones 
retary    and    Manager    of    the 
Sicine  World 


CHAPTER  XXVI 

The  Breed's  Decline 

1  HE  generation  of  breeders  which  included  as  representative  of  it  such 
men  as  S.  E.  Shellenberger,  Somerville,  Ohio;  Ed.  Klever,  Bloomingburg, 
Ohio;  John  Harcourt,  New  Augusta,  Ind.;  Hart  &  Minis,  Edinburg,  111.; 
E.  E.  Axline,  Oak  Grove,  Mo.;  F.  M.  Lail,  Marshall,  Mo.;  Wm.  Garrett, 
Maryville,  Mo.;  T.  R.  Wilson,  Morning  Sun,  Iowa;  S.  A.  Clark,  Winfield, 
Iowa;  W.  A.  Jones,  Van  Meter,  Iowa;  A.  J.  Lytle,  Oskaloosa,  Iowa;  Geo. 
Marshall,  Monroe,  Iowa;  W.  Z.  Swallow,  Booneville,  Iowa;  T.  J.  Harris, 
West  Liberty,  Iowa;  Harvey  Johnson,  Logan,  Iowa;  D.  C.  Miller,  Vermil- 
lion, S.  D.;  Samuel  McKelvie,  Fairfield,  Nebr.;  D.  C.  Lonergan,  Florence, 
Nebr.;  John  Blain,  Pawnee  City,  Nebr.;  had  gone  as  far  as  was  war- 
ranted in  shaping  the  breed  to  points  of  fancy  and  symmetry,  and  yet 
preserved  in  large  measure  that  ruggedness  of  constitution,  size,  bone 
and  prolificacy  sufficient  to  maintain  the  Poland  China  in  supremacy  on 
the  cornbelt  farm. 

Coat,  color,  bone,  early  maturity  and  prolificacy,  all  had  received 
attention  in  the  work  of  these  men  and  their  contemporaries,  and  had 
their  work  been  carried  on  along  the  lines  they  had  followed,  the  breed 
would  have  been  spared  a  deterioration  from  which  it  was  many  years 
recovering. 

The  fundamentals  constituting  a  nearly  perfect  utility  animal  had 
been  expertly  observed  by  this  school  of  breeders,  but  subsequent  breed- 
ers failed  to  maintain  it. 

Thus  during  the  later  years  of  the  nineteenth  century  and  early  years 
of  the  twentieth  century,  the  breed  had  undergone  a  very  great  change 
in  type  and  scale,  which,  as  has  been  alluded  to  in  another  chapter,  was 
largely  the  result  of  breeders  being  guided  in  large  measure  by  a  score- 
card  system  and  standard  which  led  its  closer  adherents  to  sacrifice 
bone,  scale  and  prolificacy  for  points  of  fancy. 

That  these  men  were  capable  there  can  be  no  doubt,  but  due  to  the 
fact  that  their  aim  was  not  directed  along  lines  of  usefulness  and  utility, 
the  breed  suffered  a  deterioration  in  those  qualities  fundamentally  re- 
quired by  the  cornbelt  farmer,  and  by  the  time  this  movement  had 
reached  its  zenith  and  the  seemingly  perfect  little  Poland  China  had 
been  achieved,  the  farmers  had  been  forced  to  seek  elsewhere  for  the 
signs  of  prolificacy  and  stamina  that  they  had  previously  found  in  the 
old  time  Poland  China. 

At  this  period  the  Duroc  Jersey,  though  in  many  respects  not  com- 
parable to  the  Poland  China,  offered  relief  to  the  general  pork  growers 
who  complained,  and  rightfully  so,  of  the  small  litters,  weakling  and 
under-sized  Poland  Chinas,  and  that  breed  was  given  an  impetus  that 
made  of  it  a  formidnblo  rival  of  the  Poland  China. 

The  shows  during  this  period  were  controlled  and  dominated  gener- 
ally by  breeders  favorable  to  the  little  fancy  type,  and  this  fact  served 


THE  BREED'S  DECLINE  175 

to  force  many  men  who  were  not  in  full  sympathy  with  them  to  either 
fall  in  line,  or  seek  seclusion.  It  can  be  said  in  justice  to  the  ability 
of  the  men  at  the  helm  during  that  period,  that  they  succeeded  in  pro- 
ducing many  wonderful  animals  of  their  type,  but  unfortunately  for  the 
breed  the  type  was  wrong,  and  did  not  stand  the  test  of  the  American 
farmers. 

For  a  time,  as  is  always  the  case  when  a  breed  is  undergoing  a  great 
transition,  breeders  making  the  change  and  seeking  animals  of  hot  blood 
type  and  parentage  furnished  such  demand  as  to  cause  values  to  run  on 
a  high  current  for  the  well-up  breeder  who  was  enjoying  the  patronage, 
but  as  the  herds  became  more  numerous,  compelling  a  greater  market- 
ing of  their  products  to  the  farmer  pork  grower,  who  when  he  had  tried 


Princess  Wonder  A  828892 
By  Grieve's  Long  Wonder.     First  Prize  Junior  Yearliv.rj  Ohh 


and  failed,  and  re-tried  and  despaired  of  discovering  any  merit  under 
the  crucial  dollars  and  cents  test  at  the  pork  barrel,  withdrew  his  patron- 
age, leaving  many  breeders  loaded  and  stranded. 

The  hot  blood  movement  reached  its  apex  in  1905  and  1906.  During 
these  years  prices  never  before  heard  of  were  reported  in  the  numerous 
private  and  public  sale  transactions  of  the  breed.  In  1904  and  1905  nu- 
merous boars  transferred  at  from  $2,000  to  $3,000  each,  one-half  interest 
in  Meddler  99999  was  sold  for  $3,000,  following  his  winning  the  grand 
championship  at  the  St.  Louis  World's  fair.  Breeding  privileges  had 
been  sold  to  the  most  noted  boar  of  his  day.  Chief  Perfection  2nd,  total- 
ing to  what  was  said  to  be  $40,000,  and  in  1906  a  litter  by  him  out  of 
Cute  Keep  On  commanded  the  record  total  of  $13,600,  in  the  Goodrich 
Farm  sale  at  Eldon,  Mo.,  the  top  being  $5,025,  paid  for  the  boar  Ten 
Strike. 

This  movement,  which  has  been  termed  the  hot  blood  period,  gained 
its  greatest  hold  throughout  that  portion  of  the  hog  belt  lying  east  of 


176  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

the  Mississippi  river,  but  it  reached  on  with  almost  equal  force  and 
dominance  into  Missouri,  Kansas,  and  eastern  Iowa,  with  a  goodly 
sprinkling  of  followers  throughout  Nebraska,  western  Iowa,  and  South 
Dakota.  It  can  be  said,  however,  that  of  the  then  principal  pork  grow- 
ing states  Nebraska  was  less  carried  away  by  it  than  any  other,  and 
came  through  with  a  more  uniformly  high  class  Poland  China  preserved. 
This  fact  was  evidenced  year  after  year  in  its  State  fair  exhibits  of 
large  mellow  Poland  Chinas  of  a  kind  that  would  not  have  received 
notice  of  the  judges  presiding  for  the  hot  blood  interests  at  the  shows  in 
other  states,  but  which  were  very  popular  with  the  Nebraska  breeders 
and  farmers.  No  movement  in  live  stock  annals  has  ever  had  a  greater 
opportunity  to  display  any  merit  which  it  may  have  possessed  than  this 
one,  for  without  any  formidable  rival  breed  to  challenge,  and  with  but 


By  MabeVs  Jumbo  2iVJ.Il.   Fh 


Major  Jumbo  328537 
:  Prize  Agetl  Boar  Xational  Sv 


Shotv,  1920.  WeiijM 


few  breeders  within  its  own  ranks  to  raise  a  hand  against  it,  it  ran  its 
full  course,  only  to  be  wrecked  upon  the  shores  of  its  own  impractica- 
bility. 

The  hot  blood  bubble  burst  in  1907  and  1908.  Breeders  holding  large 
numbers  of  them  that  they  had  acquired  at  much  expense,  and  the  maxi- 
mum of  time  and  labor,  were  naturally  loath  to  consider  that  the  cur- 
tain had  fallen,  and  instead  of  accepting  the  declaration  as  the  sovereign 
decree  of  the  American  farmer,  by  whom  and  before  whom  every  breed 
of  live  stock  in  America  must  either  stand  or  fall,  they  accused  the 
farmer  of  not  knowing  what  was  best  for  him,  and  held  on  as  if  to  com- 
pel his  patronage. 

This  attitude  meant  the  contesting  of  every  inch  of  ground  that  the 
big  type  breeders  sought  to  re-claim.  Having  the  organization  they  con- 
trolled the  shows  of  the  various  states  so  absolutely  that  judges  were 
appointed  who  would  not  give  a  large  Poland  China  a  premium,  and 
this  ridiculous  condition  obtained  for  years  after  the  hot  blood  was  a 
dead  issue  and  Big  Poland  Chinas  were  going  like  wildfire  to  the  farmers 
and  younger  breeders  of  those  selfsame  states. 


THE  BREED'S  DECLINE  177 

This  fact  was  the  final  blow  to  the  Poland  China  breed,  as  men  who 
possessed  creditable  Poland  Chinas  would  not  venture  to  exhibit  them, 
contenting  themselves  with  patronage  and  approbation  in  a  local  way. 
Big  Type  Poland  Chinas  were  derided  by  the  leading  factors  in  the  hot 
blood  movement,  but  eventually  the  wiser  ones  saw  that  the  hot  bloods 
must  go,  and  many  of  them  wisely  re-established  their  breeding  business 
on  Big  Type  foundation. 

The  last  sign  of  life  among  the  hot  blood  advocates  was  shown  about 
1912,  when  the  surviving  spokesmen,  still  hopefully  holding  herds  of 
hot  bloods,  sought  to  stampede  the  solidly  filling  Big  Type  ranks  with 
the  cry  of  amalgamation.  Under  the  heading  of  amalgamation  their 
arguments  were  presented  in  certain  of  the  live  stock  press,  and  an  at- 
tempt was  made  to  cause  the  breeder  to  mate  the  Big  Type  animals  with 
the  remaining  hot  bloods,  and  whether  the  motive  was  a  ruse  to  create 
demand  for  the  practically  unsalable  little  fellows,  or  whether  its  au- 
thors were  really  sincere  in  their  premises,  believing  that  a  truly  better 
Poland  China  would  emanate  therefrom,  the  leading  figures  in  Big  Type 
activities  lost  no  time  in  putting  down  the  motion,  and  thus  the  breed 
was  purged  of  and  freed  from  an  infusion  of  blood  that  could  only  have 
further  retarded  its  progress. 

The  hot  blood  movement  had  brought  such  general  condemnation 
upon  the  breed  among  the  cornbelt  farmers  that  long  after  its  passing 
there  still  remained  a  prejudice  against  the  Poland  China  which  required 
time,  patience,  and  demonstration  to  put  down.  So  current  was  the 
impression  that  the  breed  was  non-prolific  and  undersized,  that  even  at 
this  time,  when  the  records  disclose  a  balance  in  favor  of  the  Poland 
China  as  against  all  rivals  in  the  fundamentals  of  size,  thrift  and  pro- 
lificacy, one  will  not  infrequently  hear  the  breed  being  charged  with 
these  faults  that  it  no  longer  possesses. 

To  re-establish  the  Poland  China  breed,  therefore,  was  possibly  more 
difficult  than  to  have  popularized  an  altogether  new  breed,  free  from 
the  handicap  of  prejudice  and  mismanagement.  No  greater  tribute  can 
be  paid  the  breed  than  is  written  in  its  unparalleled  achievement  of  a 
victorious  comeback  against  and  despite  all  obstacles  and  opposition, 
both  from  without  and  from  within  its  ranks. 


CHAPTER  XXVII 

The  Breed's  Redemption 

Jr  OR  many  years  during  the  early  stages  of  the  Big  Type  movement  the 
seUing  was  confined  quite  entirely  to  the  cornbelt  farmers  engaged  in 
raising  market  pork  and  those  of  their  numbers  who  gradually  became 
interested  in  the  idea  of  establishing  pure  bred  herds  and  supplying 
their  more  immediate  neighbors  with  breeding  animals.  Foremost 
among  the  breeders  identified  with  the  industry  at  that  time  was  Peter 
Mouw,  Orange  City,  Iowa;  Dawson  &  Sons,  Endicott,  Nebr.,  and  Fred 
L.  Rood,  Clearfield,  Iowa.  These  three  breeding  establishments  can 
truthfully  be  credited  with  having  done  more  to  permanently  establish 
the  Big  Type  Poland  China  than  can  any  others,  for  they  laid  the  foun- 
dation among  the  stockmen  immediately  contiguous  to  them,  and  by 
whom  with  their  assistance  the  final  structure  of  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas 
rested  upon. 

The  work  of  Peter  Mouw  was  no  doubt  responsible  in  causing  such 
men  as  John  Miller  of  Rock  Valley,  Iowa;  Bloemendaal  Bros.,  Alton, 
Iowa;  R.  C.  Henry,  Sheldon,  Iowa;  Ed  Critters,  Hull,  Iowa,  and  Peter 
Ellerbroek,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  to  ably  take  up  and  pursue  the  work  along 
the  lines  he  was  following.  To  Fred  L.  Rood  of  Clearfield,  Iowa,  may 
be  credited  in  large  measure  the  impelling  influence  that  was  responsible 
for  Henry  Fesenmeyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa;  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Son,  Clarinda, 
Iowa;  John  B.  Lawson,  Clarinda,  Iowa;  J.  O.  James,  Braddyville,  Iowa; 
L.  R.  McClarnon,  Braddyville,  Iowa;  Williams  Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa; 
Monroe  McCoy  &  Son,  Villisca,  Iowa,  engaging  in  the  breeding  of  Big 
Type  Poland  Chinas,  and  from  this  center  in  southwestern  Iowa  together 
with  that  of  Peter  Mouw  and  John  Miller  in  northwestern  Iowa,  and 
Dawson  &  Sons  of  Nebraska,  emanated  the  great  preponderance  of  Big 
Type  Poland  China  breeding  material  that  is  responsible  for  the  breed's 
merit  and  popularity  at  the  present  time.  Prices  for  their  product 
ranged  on  a  very  conservative  level  during  that  time  that  the  "hot  blood" 
frenzy  was  sweeping  the  country,  and  it  was  not  until  a  greater  number 
of  big  type  herds  were  established  and  their  proprietors  sought  the  better 
specimens  over  a  broader  field  that  prices  began  to  ascend. 

The  reader  may  better  appreciate  the  immutable  convictions  of  these 
men  by  considering  the  fact  that  they  were  content  to  rear  and  sell  Big 
Type  Poland  China  pigs  at  from  sixteen  to  forty  dollar  sale  averages, 
when  at  the  same  time  "hot  bloods"  were  soaring  into  the  hundreds. 
The  advance  in  prices  was  augmented  by  a  succession  of  years  during 
which  the  general  farmer  was  receiving  better  prices  for  his  farm  prod- 
ucts, resultant  in  a  marked  prosperity  the  like  of  which  they  had  never 
before  enjoyed,  and  due  to  which  a  disposition  to  improve  their  breed- 
ing stock  was  manifested. 

The  trend  of  business  showing  great  improvement,  sales  private  and 
public  began  to  take  on  a  new  aspect  for  the  breeder  of  Big  Poland 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  17!) 

Chinas  in  1909.  During  that  year  Mr.  H.  H.  Harshaw,  Butler,  Mo.,  pur- 
chased the  boar  Big  Hadley  for  $500,  and  this  sale  created  quite  a  stir  in 
big  type  ranks.  In  the  early  days  of  1910,  W.  W.  Wheeler,  Harlan,  Iowa, 
who  owned  one  of  the  most  widely  advertised  herds  with  A  Wonder  at  its 
head,  put  an  offering  of  gilts  under  the  hammer  at  the  remarkable  and 
gratifying  average  of  $93  per  head.  Being  extensively  engaged  in  other 
lines  of  business,  Mr.  Wheeler  announced  a  dispersion  sale  of  his  herd 
for  February,  1910,  which  included  the  noted  boar,  A  Wonder.  The 
result  of  this  sale  was  an  average  of  $123,  with  A  Wonder  going  at  the 
top  price  of  the  sale  and  breed  for  a  Big  Type  at  auction,  the  price  being 
$360,  and  the  buyer  H.  Fesenmej'er,  Clarinda,  Iowa.  The  news  of  this 
sale  caused  a  thrill  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  Poland 
China  columns,  and  all  purchases  made  and  reported  proved  eminently 
satisfactory.  A  Wonder  proved  the  lucky  stroke  of  Mr.  Fesenmeyer's 
career,  making  for  him  his  foundation  fortune  as  well  as  giving  to  the 


CUI.UMBUS    WONDEI!    S)9569 

By  Big  Bob  Wonder  71999.     A   Noted  Show   and   Breeding   Boar.      Winner  of  Four   Grand 

Championship  Honors  in  1920  in  the  Southwest.   He  Is  a  Half  Brother  to  the  World's  Grand 

Champion,  1917,  CaldwelVs  Big  Bob 

breed  an  impetus  of  immeasurable  value.  Mr.  Fesenmeyer  had  some 
years  prior  thereto  purchased  the  great  sow  Giantess  2nd,  daughter  of 
the  famous  Giantess,  in  one  of  Fred  L.  Rood's  sales,  and  having  her  de- 
scendants in  his  herd  was  prepared  to  make  good  in  every  way  on  the 
broad  advertising  campaign  which  he  instituted  immediately  following 
the  purchase  of  A  Wonder. 

It  is  worthy  of  mention  here  that  Mr.  Rood's  first  sale  of  Poland 
Chinas  made  an  average  of  only  $16  per  head,  but  the  result  was  satis- 
factory, for  it  occurred  at  a  time  when  hogs  were  very  low  on  the  open 
market,  and  the  interest  manifested  by  the  farmers  in  acquiring  his  big 
pigs  indicated  better  future  days  for  the  breeder  of  that  kind.  Mr.  Rood 
had  purchased  two  gilts  afterward  to  become  famous  wherever  Poland 
Chinas  may  be  known.  Giantess  and  Anna  Price.    They  were  from  the 


180  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

same  litter  and  their  great  size  was  the  cause  of  amazement  by  all  who 
saw  them.  Tlieir  blood  was  absorbed  quite  generously  by  the  south- 
western Iowa  breeders  as  well  as  over  a  broader  field,  and  eventually 
these  two  wonderful  sows  figured  as  no  other  two  of  their  time  in  the 
general  fabric  of  the  Poland  China  breed.  Giantess,  matured,  weighed 
920  pounds,  and  Anna  Price  very  nearly  as  much.  It  was  in  one  of 
Mr.  Rood's  sales  at  Clarinda,  Iowa,  that  H.  Fesenmeyer,  then  the  leading 
harness-maker  of  Clarinda,  caught  the  inspiration  and  purchased  Giant- 
ess 2nd  at  the  top  of  the  sale,  $100.  In  another  of  Mr.  Rood's  sales,  J. 
W.  Pfander,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  purchased  three  litter  mate  daughters  of 
Giantess  at  $40  per  head  that  served  as  the  nucleus  of  one  of  the  greatest 
herds  of  its  day,  and  from  which  record  sales  were  made,  notable  among 
which  was  the  $3300  Mammoth  Giantess  13th,  to  Meyer  Bros.,  Hooper, 
Nebr.  J.  O.  James,  Braddyville,  Iowa,  bought  Anna  Price  stock,  from 
which  was  developed  his  remarkable  sow  herd  which  enabled  him  to 
be  among  the  first  to  make  a  $100  sale  average. 

The  other  southwestern  Iowa  herds  were  mainly  supplied  from  the 
Rood  source,  and  later  on  the  fame  of  these  productions  was  such  as  to 
bring  buyers  from  other  states,  who  in  turn  became  pioneer  factors  in 
Big  Type  annals.  Fred  Cox,  Keithsburg,  111.,  and  E.  C.  Caverly,  Toulon, 
111.,  were  among  the  distinctive  leaders  of  that  great  state,  and  they,  too, 
had  journeyed  to  the  Giantess  and  Anna  Price  fountain  in  the  days  when 
the  field  was  virgin.  Nebraska  and  Missouri  breeders  were  also  seeking 
this  material,  it  falling  to  the  lot  of  Mr.  Hayden  of  Nebraska  to  be  the 
first  to  pay  as  much  as  $250  for  a  Big  Type  gilt,  which  record  he  estab- 
lished in  one  of  Mr.  Rood's  sales  for  a  daughter  of  Giantess.  Mose  Brad- 
ford, Rosendale,  Mo.,  the  pioneer  Big  Type  breeder  of  that  state,  brought 
fame  to  his  name  and  one  of  the  best  sows  that  the  breed  has  ever  pro- 
duced to  the  state  of  Missouri  in  the  purchase  of  Giantess  3rd  at  $165. 
Those  days  and  men  were  the  precursors  of  our  modern  Poland  China. 
The  pilgrimage  was  being  made  likewise  to  northwestern  Iowa  and  the 
entire  western  hog  belt  was  gradually  accepting  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas. 
Indiana  and  Ohio  began  to  take  notice  of  these  activities,  and  in  1910  Mr. 
I.  B.  Morgan,  Greenburg,  Ind.,  visited  western  herds,  selecting  many 
breeding  animals  and  pursued  the  business  in  a  most  forceful  and  effi- 
cient manner,  compelling  a  comparison  of  Big  Type  and  hot  bloods  for 
the  first  time  in  that  prejudiced  area.  To  Mr.  Morgan  must  be  given 
the  distinctive  honor  of  having  been  the  first  Indiana  breeder  to  whole- 
heartedly ally  himself  with  the  Big  Type  breed,  and  to  his  work  as  to 
that  of  no  other  man  in  his  day  is  credit  due  for  the  reclamation  of  the 
eastern  territory. 

From  1910  to  1915  the  Big  Type  business  was  constantly  expanding 
both  in  the  area  in  which  they  were  being  bred,  and  in  the  merit  of  the 
animals.  This  period  witnessed  much  agitation  and  effort  along  the 
lines  of  size.  Size  of  swine  was  being  talked  everywhere.  Farmers 
wore  talking  it  as  well  as  the  breeders  of  the  different  breeds.  Big  Type 
Poland  Chinas  were  forcing  their  rivals  at  every  turn,  and  each  breed 
was  contending  to  possess  greater  size  than  the  other.  The  Duroc  breed, 
that  had  gained  its  popularity,  as  has  previously  been  stated,  by  possess- 
ing greater  size  and  prolificacy  than  the  hot  bloods,  felt  keenly  the  Big 
Type  Poland  China  claims,  and  in  1914  a  Duroc  Jersey  Record  associa- 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  181 

tion  secretary  offered  a  cash  prize  for  the  largest  boar  of  any  breed  on 
the  Iowa  State  fair  grounds  that  year.  This  unique  proposal  coming 
sufficiently  in  advance  of  the  show  to  be  given  broad  publicity,  created 
an  unusual  amount  of  interest  and  conjecture  among  American  hog  men. 
Thus,  a  laurel  wreath  fell  to  the  Poland  China  breed  when  the  great 
boar  Grand  Master,  owned  by  F.  H.  Hassler  of  Manning,  Iowa,  tipped 
the  beam  officially  at  1070  pounds,  while  his  nearest  rival  of  the  other 
breeds  fell  below  the  half-ton  figure.  No  exhibition  of  its  time  did  more 
to  establish  the  correctness  of  the  claim  of  the  superior  size  of  the  Po- 
land China  than  did  this.  Stronger  prices  for  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas 
became  more  general  in  1913.  During  the  early  months  of  that  year 
John  B.  Lawson,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  sold  an  offering  of  sows  at  the  world's 
record  average  of  $152  per  head,  with  a  top  of  $500,  which  was  also  a 
record.  John  Miller  of  Rock  Valley,  Iowa,  had  made  a  sale  a  short  time 
previous  to  the  Lawson  sale,  commanding  an  average  of  $151.  J.  "W. 
Pfander,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  selling  at  the  same  time,  realized  $335  for  his 
top  price. 

There  was  a  strong  undertone  to  the  trade,  however,  and  the  breed 
was  undergoing  an  improvement  greater  than  that  of  any  other  period 
in  its  existence.  In  the  fall  of  1914  there  were  more  purchasers  in  quest 
of  good  pigs  than  had  ever  before  visited  the  auction  ring.  The  general 
market  was  good,  with  a  top  of  $9.17y2  per  hundredweight  on  the  Chi- 
cago market,  August  17th  of  that  year.  On  September  30th  that  skilled 
breeder  and  showman  of  many  a  grand  champion,  Fred  Sievers,  Audu- 
bon, Iowa,  established  the  new  record  price  for  a  young  boar  at  auction 
in  the  sale  of  the  pig  afterwards  known  as  Black  Big  Wonder  to  the 
veteran  breeder,  Geo.  F.  Marshall,  Monroe,  Iowa,  at  $500.  In  this  same 
sale  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kan.,  procured  at  $350  the  spring  pig  after- 
wards known  as  Big  Bob  Wonder,  and  whose  fame  as  a  sire  became 
recognized  by  all  Poland  China  breeders.  These  prices  eclipsed  the 
former  record  of  $325  and  $300,  established  in  the  Pfander  sale,  1913, 
on  the  pigs  afterward  known  as  Hercules  and  Disher's  Giant.  On  Octo- 
ber 9,  1914,  Mr.  J.  0.  James,  Braddyville,  Iowa,  sold  at  an  average  of 
$100  per  head,  the  top  sow  being  sold  with  breeding  privilege  to  Iowa's 
King  to  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa,  at  $245,  and  top  boar  a  son  of  Big 
Orange  to  the  millionaire  oil  magnate,  W.  P.  Cowen,  Wheaton,  111.,  at 
$305.  On  October  21,  1914,  the  truly  great  event  of  the  breed  occurred 
in  the  sale  of  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kan.,  when  a  litter  of  March  10th 
spring  pigs  by  Long  Jumbo,  heading  the  R.  W.  Halford  herd.  Manning, 
Iowa,  sold  for  the  world's  record  price  for  a  big  type  litter,  $1530.  The 
top  price  of  $370  was  paid  by  U.  S.  Byrne,  Saxon,  Mo.,  for  a  boar  pig 
afterward  known  as  Long  Jumbo  2nd,  and  the  top  gilt  realizing  $280, 
to  H.  C.  Graner,  Lancaster,  Kan.  The  combined  weight  of  the  eight  pigs 
was  over  2600  pounds,  and  every  one  at  Mr.  Walter's  sale  felt  that  this 
demonstration  was  conclusive  evidence  of  the  soundness  of  big  type 
claims.  It  is  a  matter  worthy  of  note  that  this  sale  occurring  in  a  state 
and  territory  that  had  been  hard  hit  by  the  hot  bloods,  did  much  in  cre- 
ating interest  and  action  favorable  to  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas  through- 
out the  entire  Southwest,  as  well  as  to  stamp  Mr.  Walter  with  the  indel- 
ible honor  of  having  been  the  big  type  pioneer  of  that  territory,  which 
soon  thereafter  became  the  home  of  many  great  herds,  and  from  which 


182  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

came  a  full  share  of  the  best  show  annuals  conspicuous  in  state  and  na- 
tional exhibits. 

The  success  attained  by  those  who  had  paid  top  prices  for  breeding 
stock  during  1914,  as  well  as  those  who  had  sold  at  top  figures,  developed 
the  idea  among  breeders  that  it  was  profitable  to  advertise  those  records, 
and  this  fact,  coupled  with  a  broad  and  general  prosperity  before  un- 
precedented, the  force  of  which  the  Poland  China  business  was  enjoy- 
ing, caused  breeders  to  go  on  at  greater  lengths.  Thus,  in  September 
of  1915,  in  the  J.  W.  Pfander  sale,  one-half  interest  in  the  boar  Giant 
Ben  reached  $405.  On  October  27,  1915,  the  long  looked  forward  to 
mile  post  of  $1000  for  a  boar  was  realized  by  T.  W.  Cavett,  Aurora, 
N'eb.,  in  the  private  sale  of  his  first  prize  junior  yearling  at  Nebraska 
and  grand  champion  at  Kansas,  Big  Price,  to  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard 
Lake,  Minn.     This  sale  created  a  great  stir  in  big  type  columns.    There 


Freckles  416333 

By  Liberator  92965.     Winner  of  First  in   Class  Junior  Boar  Pigs,  National  Swine   Show. 

1X0.     Weight  328  Pounds.     Dam,  Princess  Buster,  Out  of  Buster's  Best 

were  those,  as  there  always  are,  to  question  the  sanity  and  validity  of 
an  unusual  transaction,  but  the  fact  that  both  of  these  gentlemen  were 
active  and  prominent  in  the  business  served  to  dispel  the  influence  of  the 
"doubting  Thomases." 

Step  by  step  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas  were  ascending  to  a  higher 
plane  and  when  the  $1000  mark  had  been  reached  it  seemed  that  it  was 
easier  to  move  on  upward  beyond  that  figure  than  it  had  been  to  attain 
it.  As  it  has  been  said,  the  first  thousand  dollars  we  make  is  the  most 
difficult  one,  so  too  it  seems  that  the  men  who  effected  a  first  thousand 
dollar  transaction  for  an  individual  boar  paved  tlie  way  for  the  stagger- 
ing records  that  were  to  ensue.  Thus,  the  Poland  China  fraternity  was 
in  a  measure  prepared  for  the  announcement  in  December  of  the  same 
year  of  the  sale  of  Grand  Master  by  F.  H.  Hassler,  Manning,  Iowa,  to 
Wm.  Leet  of  Omaha,  Ncbr.,  for  $2500.  There  was  embodied  in  this 
same  transaction  the  sale  of  Mr.  Hasslcr's  entire  herd  to  Mr.  Leet,  and 
the  retention  of  Mr.  Hassler  as  manager  of  the  Leet  herd  and  farms  at 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  183 

Manning,  Iowa.  The  general  run  of  public  sale  averages  for  the  year 
had  been  under,  rather  than  above,  the  hundred  dollar  mark.  Fred 
Sievers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  made  the  record  average  of  the  season  of  $127 
per  head,  while  Thos.  A.  Shattuck  of  Hastings,  Nebr.,  had  scored  the 
top  for  open  gilt,  the  price  being  $500,  and  W.  J.  Graham,  Howard  Lake, 
Minn.,  the  purchaser. 

During  the  year  1916  prices  ranged  upon  a  little  higher  level  than 
those  of  the  preceding  year  in  the  various  auction  sales  of  the  country. 
In  March  of  that  year  in  the  Cook  and  Gurthet  dispersion  sale,  Pattons- 
burg.  Mo.,  King  Joe  established  a  new  world's  record  price  at  auction 
sale  of  $1250,  and  was  purchased  by  W.  B.  Wallace,  Bunceton,  Mo. 
In  the  sales  of  the  winter  Fred  Sievers  had  again  taken  the  lead  with  a 
$142  average,  and  the  second  highest  average  was  $127,  made  by  Mr. 
Leet  at  Manning,  Iowa;  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning,  Iowa,  $105;  H.  Fesen- 
meyer,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  $101;  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons,  Clarinda,  Iowa,  $76; 
Bert  Erwin,  Mt.  Carroll,  111.;  $75;  E.  D.  Frazier,  Drexel,  Mo.,  $66;  Wil- 
liams Bros.,  VilHsca,  Iowa,  $41;  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kan.,  $67.25; 
A.  J.  Erhart,  Ness  City,  Kan.,  $73.50;  C.  H.  Porter,  Eagle  Grove,  Iowa, 
$78.37;  D.  C.  Lonergan,  Florence,  Nebr.,  $66.70;  Ed  Gritters,  Hull,  Iowa, 
$55;  Robinson  Bros.,  Morton,  111.,  $58.50;  John  Belcher  &  Bennett  Bros., 
Lees  Summit,  Mo.,  $89.58;  and  other  sales  ran  at  a  similar  range  of 
values,  while  the  top  sale  of  the  fall  season  was  made  by  Fred  Sievers, 
Audubon,  Iowa,  at  an  average  of  $219.16  per  head,  which  marked  a 
new  record  for  the  breed. 

The  current  of  trade  was  very  active  during  the  year  of  1916,  and 
the  Poland  China  business  had  for  years  been  assuming  broader  pro- 
portion. The  European  war,  which  engaged  practically  all  the  nations 
of  Europe,  was  quickening  the  pulse  of  American  business  in  every 
avenue,  and  a  flow  of  trade  and  prosperity  was  accruing  to  our  country, 
resulting  in  a  very  broad  business  prosperity.  Therefore,  the  winter 
sales  of  1917  started  off  with  a  renewed  zest.  It  again  fell  to  Mr.  Sievers 
to  set  the  pace  in  the  winter  sales  with  an  average  of  $308.25,  other  sales 
revealing  an  advance,  as  compared  with  the  averages  of  the  previous 
season. 

In  the  spring  of  1917  our  country  was  drawn  into  what  then  became 
the  World's  War,  and  with  the  advent  of  wartime  prices  the  Poland 
China  business,  like  every  other  business  in  our  country,  opened  up  upon 
lines  and  assumed  proportions  never  before  dreamed  of.  During  that 
season  R.  A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla.,  paid  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa, 
$2500  for  Severe's  Big  Tim,  thus  matching  the  price  that  had  formerly 
been  paid  for  Grand  Master.  The  same  buyer  took  Chief  Defender's 
Choice  at  $2250,  and  Buster's  Giant  at  $2000.  The  electrifying  event  of 
the  breed's  career  until  that  time  occurred,  however,  on  October  4  at 
Orange  City,  Iowa. 

In  the  summer  of  1917  Peter  Mouw  announced  that  he  would  hold  an 
auction  sale  in  which  he  would  include  the  greatest  boar  that  he  had  ever 
owned,  Gerstdale  Jones.  Breeders  visiting  the  herd  prior  to  the  sale  were 
favorably  impressed  with  the  excellent  boar.  The  event  had  been 
thoroughly  exploited  through  the  livestock  press,  and  the  word  was 
spread  about  that  Gerstdale  Jones  measured  up  to  all  claims  and 
requirements.    On  October  4th  the  breeders  were  there  by  the  hundreds. 


184  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA   SWINE 

and  conjectures  ran  rife  among  them  as  to  what  Gerstdale  Jones  might 
bring,  and  who  would  buy  him.  A  tense  moment  was  experienced  by 
all  in  the  packed  pavillion  when  the  veteran  breeder  and  chief  figure 
in  Big  Type  Poland  China  annals  escorted  his  much  prized  thousand- 
pound  boar  into  the  sale  ring.  After  appropriate  presentations.  Col.  J. 
A.  Benson,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  the  referee  of  many  a  bidders'  battle,  asked 
for  bids  and  the  fight  was  on,  and  it  stayed  on  until  he  pronounced  the 
final  word,  and  at  the  world's  record  price  of  $6600,  Gerstdale  Jones 
became  the  property  of  Carter  &  Van  Deventer,  Mexico,  Mo. 

A  new  star  had  risen  in  the  firmament  of  Poland  China  breeders,  new 
to  the  general  public  at  least,  though  Mr.  Carter  had  previously  bred 
Poland  Chinas,  and  with  his  youthful  partner,  "Billie"  Van  Deventer, 
who  had  done  the  bidding,  received  the  cheer  and  congratulations  of  the 
throng  who  had  witnessed  the  battle  of  dollars.  A  new  record  had 
been  made,  and  by  a  man  who  richly  deserved  it.  We  record  here  the 
fact  that  the  investment  in  Gerstdale  Jones  proved  an  excellent  one, 
for  in  the  Carter  &  Van  Deventer  sale  the  winter  following,  forty  head 
of  sows  commanded  the  record  average  of  $683  per  head,  thus  vindi- 
cating their  judgment  and  price  in  the  purchase  of  Gerstdale  Jones. 

In  this  memorable  Missouri  sale  the  noted  show  and  brood  sow- 
Buster's  Best,  a  daughter  of  Giant  Buster,  reached  the  new  record  of 
$2500,  going  to  Moore  Brothers,  Gardner,  Kan.  A  second  top  at  $2025 
was  paid  by  Ed  Frazier,  Drexel,  Mo.,  for  Mouw's  Chief  Lady  Second, 
and  Bert  Potter,  Edelstein,  111.,  purchased  G's  Lady  Buster  at  $1550. 
Higher  prices  than  had  ever  before  been  paid  prevailed  throughout  the 
entire  hog  belt  in  the  winter  sales  of  1918.  Peter  Mouw  &  Co.,  Orange 
City,  Iowa,  sold  at  an  average  of  $450,  with  a  $660  top.  W.  C.  Williams 
and  Silver  Brook  Farms,  Muncie,  Ind.,  featuring  The  Clansman  and 
Giant  Buster,  averaged  $340,  with  a  top  of  $1225.  Fred  Sievers,  Audubon, 
Iowa,  averaged  $408,  the  top  being  $700.  R.  A.  Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla., 
with  a  top  of  $1010,  averaged  $375.  P.  W.  Young,  Prosper,  Minn.,  made 
$241  with  a  $625  top.  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kan.,  eclipsed  all  former 
Southwestern  averages,  making  a  $400  average  and  $1200  top  on  a 
daughter  of  Big  Bob  Wonder.  In  the  J.  W.  Pfander  &  Sons  dispersion 
sale  Mammoth  Giantess  13th,  bred  to  Gerstdale  Jones,  scored  the  record 
price  of  $3300,  going  to  Mej-er  Bros.,  Hooper,  Nebr.,  and  the  herd  made 
an  average  of  $404.  In  March  of  that  year  W.  B.  Wallace,  Bunceton, 
Mo.,  held  a  dispersion  sale,  in  which  the  great  young  boar.  Wonder 
Buster,  commanded  $5300,  to  Carter  &  Van  Deventer,  Mexico,  Mo.,  and 
the  aged  King  Joe  realized  $3550  to  Bert  Harriman,  Pilot  Grove,  Mo.  On 
the  25th  day  of  March  Wm.  E.  Greene,  Algona,  Iowa,  sold  a  pig  by 
Greene's  Long  Prospect  to  B.  F.  Reeves,  Graetinger,  Iowa,  for  $2600. 
Thus  the  season  closed  with  a  list  of  new  records  established,  breeders 
enthusiastic  and  looking  forward  to  still  greater  business. 

Without  exception  the  high  sales  had  been  made  in  every  instance 
\\  here  the  boars  in  service  were  such  as  to  attract  nation-wide  interest, 
and  this  fact  led  to  an  unprecedented  search  for  outstanding  boars 
during  the  ensuing  season.  In  July  of  that  year  L.  H.  Glover.  Grand- 
view.  Mo.,  paid  F.  H.  Hassler.  Manning,  Iowa.  $3000  for  a  six  months" 
old  pig  by  The  Clansman,  out  of  Fashion  Girl,  known  as  Libei-ator. 
Though   the    announcement   of   this   event   thrilled    the   Poland    China 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  185 

fraternity,  little  did  anyone  at  the  time  surmise  that  those  two  names, 
"Glover  and  Liberator,"  would  for  all  time  be  linked  with  the  greatest 
achievement  in  the  annals  of  swine,  and  may  I  say,  livestock  breeding. 

In  September  of  that  year  Fred  Sievers  presented  in  his  auction  ring 
the  great  prize  winning  yearling  boar.  Colonel  Jack,  that  was  generally 
looked  upon  as  being  the  greatest  young  boar  listed  for  public  auction 
that  year.  Breeders  had  grown  accustomed  to  finding  splendid  offerings 
with  Mr.  Sievers,  who  had  repeatedly  won  the  grand  championships  at 
Iowa,  and  though  Colonel  Jack  had  not  been  accorded  that  distinction, 
it  did  not  deter  them  in  their  attendance  or  bidding.  This  boar  gave 
every  promise  of  making  a  new  chapter  of  history  for  the  man  who 
would  buy  him.  Paul  Wagner,  Norfolk,  Nebr.,  succeeded  in  vanquishing 
the  opposing  bidders,  among  whom  were  the  leading  figures  of  the 
fraternity,  and  Colonel  Jack  fell  to  his  bid  at  the  world's  record  price 
for  a  Poland  China  boar  at  pubHc  auction,  the  same  being  $10,200.  In 
that  same  sale  fourteen  pigs  sired  by  Colonel  Jack  made  an  average  of 
ipTSLSS,  and  the  entire  oflfering  $680. 

In  A.  D.  Severe's  October  sale  The  Chancellor,  then  a  pig,  was 
called  forth  to  the  sale  ring,  though  not  catalogued  for  sale,  and  com- 
manded $5500  to  Yotter  Bros,  and  J.  A.  Duncan,  Oakville,  Iowa,  a  new- 
record  for  a  pig  his  age.  Other  notable  sales  of  the  season  were  Long 
Big  Bone  2d,  by  Roscoe  Crip,  Rockfield,  Ind.,  to  Wm.  E.  Greene,  Algona, 
Iowa,  for  $2975.  Smooth  Black  Bob,  from  J.  E.  Meharry,  Tolono,  111., 
at  $2750  to  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  in  the  W.  D.  Jones  sale, 
Atkins,  Iowa,  a  top  of  $2100.  W.  D.  Jarman  sale,  Nodaway,  Iowa,  a 
top  of  $1735;  in  the  W.  G.  Lockridge  sale,  Fayette,  Mo.,  a  top  of  $1500; 
in  W.  C.  Gamble's  sale,  Nobleville,  Ind.,  a  top  of  $1700;  in  Harry  Uitten- 
boggard  sale,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  a  top  of  $1725;  Liberty  Stock  Farm,  North 
Henderson,  111.,  top  of  $1500;  Bert  Potter  sale,  Edelstein,  111.,  a  top  of 
$1500;  Wm.  Watt  &  Sons,  Greene  City,  Mo.,  $1125;  H.  A.  Wessels,  Crom- 
well, Iowa,  $1375.  Bert  Potter,  Edelstein,  111.,  established  the  record 
price  for  a  litter  of  spring  pigs,  selling  in  his  public  auction  seven  pigs 
by  Gerstdale  Jones,  out  of  G's  Lady  Buster,  for  $5910. 

On  November  16th  Mr.  Glover  sold  an  offering  in  which  he  included 
some  sows  with  breeding  privilege  to  Liberator,  and  these  sows  averaged 
$563  per  head,  while  the  boars  averaged  $350,  with  a  top  of  $1110  for 
a  son  of  Giant  Buster,  going  to  H.  B.  Walter,  Effingham,  Kan. 

The  result  of  the  fall  sales  were  such  as  to  cause  enthusiasm 
among  breeders  that  could  not  fail  in  finding  voice  in  the  winter  sales 
to  follow.  Early  in  the  winter  season  of  1919  R.  W.  Halford,  Manning, 
Iowa,  averaged  $640  per  head  on  an  entire  offering,  with  a  new  record 
top  price  of  $3400,  and  on  the  day  following  Fred  Sievers,  Audubon, 
Iowa,  sold  an  offering  of  sows  at  an  average  of  $760,  with  a  $1700  top. 
Mouw  &  Co.  sold  at  an  average  of  $480,  with  $3500  top.  R.  C.  Henry, 
Sheldon,  Iowa,  averaged  $569,  with  $2500  top.  Silver  Brook  Farm, 
Muncie,  Ind.,  with  The  Clansman  in  service,  averaged  $700,  with  $3500 
top.  Wm.  E.  Greene,  Algona,  Iowa,  averaged  $811,  with  $4000  top,  and 
Mr.  Glover  made  the  record  sale  of  the  winter  and  breed  at  an  average 
of  $823.  Paul  Wagner,  Norfolk,  Nebr.,  selling  an  offering  of  sows  bred 
to  Colonel  Jack,  made  an  average  of  $542,  and  again  a  high-priced  boar 
had    proven    an    excellent    investment.       The    country    was    enjoying 


186  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINK 

unbounded  prosperity.  Every  line  of  business  was  running  on  a  high 
plane,  and  any  number  of  Poland  China  sales  throughout  the  entire 
territory  were  averaging  from  $150  to  $400  per  head.  Encouraged  by  the 
events  of  subsequent  ventures,  breeders  everywhere  were  seeking  the 
high  class  specimens  of  the  breed,  and  in  most  instances  when  they 
succeeded  in  finding  them,  the  price  was  of  secondary  consideration. 

During  the  early  days  of  August  Mr.  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  multimil- 
lionaire gum  manufacturer,  purchased  The  Clansman  for  $15,000  from 
Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  to  place  at  the  head  of  his  herd  main- 
tained at  Lake  Geneva,  Wis.,  and  managed  by  Mr.  Fred  Scotter.  This 
transaction  was  the  opening  gun  of  the  summer  and  fall  season,  and 
while  that  price  represented  the  world's  record  for  a  Big  Type  Poland 
China  boar,  it  remained  as  a  record  only  until  a  few  days  later,  when 
in  the  Halford  &  Hassler  sale  at  Manning,  Iowa,  Mabel's  Jumbo  com- 


Lady  Fairfield  69504  6 
By  Big  Chief  Defender,  Otit  of  Lunker's  Lady.     Senior  and  Grand  Champion  Sow  Indiana 
State,  1920 

manded  $18,000  to  H.  W.  Hey,  Polo,  111.  Mr.  E.  W.  Gregson,  Montezuma, 
Iowa,  was  the  last  contending  bidder  against  Mr.  Hey,  and  immediately 
following  the  auction  paid  Mr.  Hassler  $5000  for  a  pig  by  Designer. 
Designer,  a  litter  brother  to  Liberator,  had  some  weeks  before  been 
purchased  of  Mr.  Hassler  by  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.,  at  $5000. 
In  the  sale  of  Mabel's  Jumbo  there  were  some  twenty-three  breeding 
privileges  pledged  from  the  ringside  at  $500  each,  which  augmented 
the  bidding,  no  doubt,  several  thousand  dollars.  Unfortunately  for  all 
the  boar  failed  to  work  satisfactorily  for  Mr.  Hey,  but  satisfactory 
adjustment  was  made  between  him  and  the  sellers. 

The  price  paid  for  Mabel's  Jumbo  remained  a  record  for  only  a  few 
days,  when  in  the  Wm.  E.  Greene  sale  the  boar  Evolution,  that  had  been 
largely  responsible  for  Mr.  Greene's  great  sow  sale  the  previous  spring, 
was  bid  off  by  a  syndicate  of  breeders  at  Sheldon,  Iowa,  for  $25,200. 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  187 

At  the  National  Swine  show  in  October  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa, 
purchaced  from  W.  P.  Donald,  Clio,  Iowa,  the  boar  known  as  The 
Pickett  for  $10,000,  while  Harrison's  Big  Bob  had  realized  $10,100  in  the 
L.  Harrison  sale,  Taylor,  Mo.,  under  the  hammer  of  Col.  R.  L.  Harriman, 
Bunceton,  Mo. 

The  record  average  for  a  summer  or  fall  sale  of  $1623  per  head  was 
attained  by  Wm.  E.  Greene,  Algona,  Iowa.  Halford  &  Hassler  at  Man- 
ning, Iowa,  had  sold  at  an  average  of  $1149.  W.  C.  Gamble,  Noblesville, 
Ind.,  made  $546  with  a  $4000  top.  E.  E.  Farver,  Sibley,  Iowa,  with  a 
top  of  $5600,  averaged  $486.  E.  C.  Barber,  Alpena,  S.  D.,  averaged  $535, 
with  a  top  of  $1025;  Line  Lukens,  Disco,  Ind.,  $692,  with  $4000  top; 
Monroe  McCoy  &  Son,  Villisca,  Iowa,  $470,  with  $3500  top ;  Frank  Ryan, 
Plankington,  S.  D.,  $602,  with  $6600  top;  Grover  E.  Sampson,  St.  Joseph, 
Mo.,  $506  average,  $4200  top;  A.  D.  Severe,  Dows,  Iowa,  $704,  a  $6200 
top;  Silver  Brook  Farm,  Muncie,  Ind.,  $645  average,  $6000  top;  Harry 
Uittenboggard,  Sheldon,  Iowa,  $615  average,  the  top  of  $4700;  Williams 
&  Son,  Bryant,  Ind.,  $801,  with  $3000  top;  T.  E.  Thompson  &  Son,  Frank- 
lin, Ind.,  $620,  $3200  top;  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  $541  average,  top  $2350; 
Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr.,  $384,  top  $925;  Dunn  &  Mead,  Alexis, 
111.,  $406  average,  top  $1625;  Oliphant  &  Kreh,  Vincennes,  Ind.,  $541, 
with  top  of  $4000;  Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  $400  average,  $2800 
top;  M.  A.  Dowling,  Valley  Junction,  Iowa,  $420  average,  $3800  top; 
E.  C.  Caverly,  Toulon,  111.,  $353  average,  the  top  being  $6000;  Williams 
Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa,  $358  average,  $1200  top;  O.  O.  Howard,  Marathon, 
Iowa,  $350  average,  $2000  top;  Kerlin,  Snowberger  &  Flora,  Rockfield, 
Ind.,  $465  average,  $2275  top.  There  were  any  number  of  sales  in  which 
averages  ran  from  $200  up,  and  this  condition  obtained  throughout 
and  beyond  the  cornbelt  states.  It  had  been  a  season,  the  like  of  which 
Poland  China  men  had  never  before  seen,  and  though  they  had  grown 
accustomed  to  new  records  following  in  rapid  succession,  there  was 
every  indication  that  they  would  witness  still  higher  values  in  the  sales 
for  the  winter  following. 

The  climax  of  this  eventful  fall  series  was  reached,  however,  in  the 
private  sale  by  Wm.  Ferguson  of  the  noted  boar  Designer  to  D.  C. 
Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence,  Nebr.,  at  $30,000.  This  was  an  outright 
sale,  with  no  strings  or  conditions  attached  to  it,  and  marks  the  highest 
price  at  which  unconditionally  a  boar  has  ever  sold  for.  Designer  was 
liked  by  many  even  better  than  his  illustrous  litter  mate.  Liberator, 
and  there  was  every  indication  that  his  blood  would  share  in  the  demand 
enjoyed  for  that  of  Liberator  and  The  Clansman.  During  the  fall 
series  of  sales  one  hundred  and  fourteen  spring  pigs  by  Liberator  had 
sold  in  eight  different  states  at  the  unprecedented  average  of  $1038 
each.  Thus  the  fall  season  of  1919  came  to  a  close  with  the  breeders 
everywhere  prepared,  ready  and  anxious  for  the  opening  of  the  1920 
winter  campaign.  By  observing  carefully  the  persistent  advance  in 
prices  for  Poland  Chinas  recorded  in  this  chapter,  covering  as  it  does 
a  period  of  years,  and  considering,  also,  the  fact  that  the  Nation  was 
passing  through  a  period  of  after-war  inflation  and  prosperity  which 
caused  speculation  and  investment  to  run  rife  in  every  department  and 
ramification  of  American  trade,  the  reader  will  better  comprehend  the 


188  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SNVINK 

stupendous  figures  which  are  revealed  in  the  report  of  the  winter  sales 
of  1920. 

On  the  9th  day  of  January,  1920,  Wm.  Ferguson,  Scribner,  Nebr., 
presented  an  offering  of  sows  to  his  auction  ring,  mated  to  the  great 
Designer.  Designer  had  been  in  the  minds  of  all  Poland  China  men, 
and  when  they  saw  this  wonderful  boar  they  determined  to  buy  a  sow 
bred  to  him.  Mr.  Ferguson  having  been  one  of  the  very  few  breeders 
in  that  state  w-ho  sought  to  expand  his  business  to  national  proportions, 
was  amply  rewarded  for  his  eflforts  upon  this  occasion.  Breeders  were 
present  or  represented  in  the  buying  from  the  states  of  Iowa,  Missouri, 
Tennessee,  Indiana,  South  Dakota,  Illinois  and  Kansas,  as  well  as  his 
his  home  state,  and  it  is  worthy  of  note  that  only  eight  head  of  the 
offering  sold  to  Nebraska  breeders.  The  thirty-two  head  listed  in  this 
auction  commanded  an  average  of  $1201.56,  with  a  top  of  $3200.  A 
September  1st  boar  pig  by  Designer  reached  $2600,  to  E.  D.  Frazier, 
Drexel,  Mo.  Twenty-one  head  of  the  offering  sold  at  from  $1000  up, 
and  the  lowest  price  recorded  was  $700.  This  sale  recorded  at  the 
moment  a  world's  record  for  sows  at  auction,  and  remains  the  highest 
average  with  one  exception  ever  made  west  of  the  Missouri  river. 

On  the  same  date  and  the  same  hour  that  this  great  sale  was  taking 
place  a  still  greater  sale,  the  greatest  made  east  of  the  Mississippi  river, 
was  in  progress  at  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.'s,  Green  Gables  Farm,  Lake  Geneva, 
Wis.,  the  home  of  The  Clansman.  Mr.  Wrigley  had  arranged  for  a 
special  train,  "The  Clansman  Special,"  to  convey  his  visitors  from 
Chicago  to  Lake  Geneva,  and  to  give  the  reader  an  idea  of  the  great 
importance  that  was  attached  to  this  event,  we  make  mention  of  the 
fact  that  there  were  two  hundred  and  ninety-eight  passengers  on  board 
the  special  train  when  it  pulled  out  of  the  Northwestern  station,  Chicago, 
111.,  sale  morning.  The  sale  was  conducted  by  Col.  W.  B.  Duncan,  to 
whom  may  be  justly  credited  the  honor  of  having  been  the  most  potent 
factor  in  popularizing  the  Big  Type  Poland  China  east  of  the  Mississippi 
river.  His  work  upon  this  occasion,  as  upon  all  others,  measured  up 
fully  to  the  requirements,  and  when  the  average  was  struck  following 
the  auction,  it  disclosed  the  new  world's  record  price  for  an  offering  of 
sows  of  $1554.86.  The  sows  bred  to  The  Clansman  averaged  $1939,  with 
a  top  of  $4000,  paid  by  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa.  A  second  top  of 
$3700  went  to  Grover  E.  Sampson,  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  and  numerous  other 
sales  ranged  from  $1000  to  $3000. 

Nation-wide  interest  was  manifested  in  the  D.  C.  Lonergan  &  Sons 
sale  at  Florence,  Nebr.,  on  the  17th  day  of  January.  The  Poland  China 
breeders  of  America  had  long  since  learned  to  know  this  firm  as  one 
of  the  most  progressive,  successful  and  dependable  identified  with  the 
business.  Repeated  winnings  at  the  great  shows  by  these  men  on 
products  of  their  own  herd  strengthened  the  feeling  and  thought  of  the 
breeders  that  they  would  find  in  this  sale  a  great  oflering  of  sows  mated 
with  the  great  Designer.  Word  had  traveled  far  and  wide  among  the 
breeders  of  fiic  Designer  purchase  at  $30,000,  and  many  coming  out  of 
curiosity  to  sec  such  a  boar,  after  looking  at  him  and  marveling  at  his 
superb  individuality,  resolved  to  acquire  a  sow  bred  to  him.  Mr.  R.  A. 
Welch,  Red  Oak,  Okla.,  had  the  distinction  of  paying  the  then  world's 
record  price  of  $6100  for  the  top  sow  of  the  ottering.    The  second  top 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  189 

of  $2350  was  paid  by  E.  D.  Hudson  &  Sons,  Montezuma,  Iowa.  Thirty 
head  of  the  catalogued  offering  sold  at  or  above  the  thousand  dollar 
mark,  while  the  forty  head  made  the  unprecedented  average  for  a 
Poland  China  sale  west  of  the  Missouri  river  of  $1310.  This  sale  was  a 
fitting  tribute  to  one  of  the  most  deserving  firms  and  offerings  of  the 
breed.  That  such  sales  as  the  Ferguson  sale  and  the  Wrigley  sale  could 
be  made  on  the  same  date  better  illustrates  the  unprecedented  demand 
that  was  current  for  Poland  China  breeding  stock.  These  and  the 
Lonergan  sales  resulting  in  such  unexpected  totals  and  occurring  just  a 
few  days  in  advance  of  Mr.  Glover's  Liberator  sale,  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
conjecture  ran  rife  timong  the  Poland  China  world  as  to  what  might 
happen  at  Kansas  City. 

L.  H.  Glover  had,  as  everyone  knew,  made  a  most  thorough  prepara- 
tion, and  this  preparation  dated  back  to  the  day  he  purchased  his  first 
pure  bred  Poland  China.  Clean,  courteous  and  aggressive  business 
methods  had  prevailed  throughout  his  career,  and  for  this  particular 
offering  he  had  sought  the  best  specimens  available  of  the  breed's  pro- 
duction, knowing  no  East,  no  West,  no  North,  nor  South  in  his  field  of 
operation,  but  drawing  upon  the  best  herds  of  the  country.  During  the 
preceding  fall  one  hundred  and  fourteen  Liberator  spring  pigs  had  been 
sold  in  eight  different  states,  as  has  previously  been  stated,  at  an  average 
of  $1038  each.  Breeders  who  had  bought  sows  bred  to  Liberator  in 
his  record  sale  of  1919  had  received  from  $4000  to  $15,000  per  litter  for 
them.  Breeders  everywhere  conceded  that  this  blood  possessed  the 
most  potent  improving  effect  upon  the  breed  yet  found,  and  they  went 
to  Kansas  City  determined  to  obtain  some  of  it.  As  a  special  attraction 
to  this  sale  Mr.  Glover  had  listed  the  great  Fashion  Girl,  the  dam  of 
Liberator  and  Designer,  and  she  was  again  safe  to  The  Clansman. 

The  fine  stock  sale  pavihon  at  Kansas  City  yard  was  the  scene  of 
action,  and  it  was  packed  from  ring  to  rafters  with  the  leading  Poland 
China  breeders  of  America.  The  pioneer  Big  Type  Poland  China 
auctioneer.  Col.  H.  S.  Duncan,  was  in  charge  of  the  sale,  and  after 
twenty  years  of  faithful  and  conspicuous  service  to  the  Poland  China 
fraternity,  he  was  now  in  his  element.  The  sale  was  opened  on  Fashion 
Girl,  and  the  bidding  quickly  reached  the  world's  record  price  of  all  time 
for  a  sow  of  any  breed,  $17,200,  and  she  fell  to  the  bid  of  Frank  R. 
McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.  She  was  followed  in  prompt  succession 
by  the  thirty-five  sows  bred  to  Liberator,  the  cheapest  of  which  com- 
manded $1600,  and  the  top  $5000,  and  when  the  average  was  struck  on 
the  thirty-six  catalogued  sows,  it  stood  $3112.  Following  the  catalogued 
offering  a  supplementary  list  of  ten  sows  were  sold,  commanding  from 
$1025  to  $3000  each.  This  sale,  unparalleled  in  the  annals  of  swine 
selHng  perhaps,  finds  its  only  parallel  in  the  New  York  Mills  Short  Horn 
sale,  held  in  1872. 

Following  this  auction  the  happiest  men  were  those  who  had  been 
purchasers,  save  possibly  Mr.  Glover,  and  believing  that  the  future  gen- 
eration of  Poland  China  hog  men  will  be  pleased  to  turn  to  this  page 
of  history,  we  are  adjoining  hereto  a  complete  list  of  the  purchasers 
and  prices: 

1.  F.  R.  McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo $17,200 

2.  E.  A.  Wiggers,  Evansville,  Ind 4  qqq 


190  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

3.  F.  R.  McDermand 5,000 

4.  Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  Green  Gables  Farm,  Lake  Geneva,  Wis. .  .  3,650 

5.  Maple  Way  Farm,  Fairview,  Mo 2,300 

6.  E.  G.  Fisher,  King  City,  Mo 1,600 

7.  A.  E.  Glendinning,  Maywood,  Mo 3,100 

8.  Grover  Sampson,  St.  Joseph,  Mo 2,650 

9.  E.  Hudson,  Montezuma,  Iowa 2,650 

10.  Bert  Harriman,  Pilot  Grove,  Mo 2,500 

11.  H.  T.  Connett,  St.  Joseph,  Mo 1,950 

12.  J.  F.  Willard,  O'Fallon,  111 1,900 

13.  G.  E.  Hudson,  Montezuma,  Iowa 2,650 

14.  Loch  Moore  Farm,  Thorntown,  Ind 2,300 

15.  Wm.  King,  Volga  City,  Iowa 3,550 

16.  W.  Preston  Donald,  Clio,  Iowa 3,050 

17.  Sol  Leonard,  St.  Joseph,  Mo 3,100 

20.  Chas.  F.  Reish,  Lakeville,  Ind 3,000 

23.  John  Stewart,  Elburn,  111 2,600 

24.  G.  E.  Deuel,  Thorntown,  Ind 2,050 

25.  J.  W.  McHenry,  Elyria,  Ohio 3,000 

26.  Wilbur  T.  Johnson,  Booneville,  Mo 2,350 

27.  Oliphant  &  Kreh,  Vincennes,  Ind 2,800 

28.  Frank  Hurley,  Ryan,  Iowa 1,950 

29.  Stuart  Watson,  LaFox,  111 2,500 

30.  W.  S.  Sharp  &  Son,  Waxahachie,  Texas 2,200 

31.  Bert  Harriman 4,000 

32.  Chas.  Pfander,  Clarinda,  Iowa 3,000 

33.  Winn  Bros.,  Mexico,  Mo 2,150 

34.  W.  H.  Hills,  Milo,  Kan 2,200 

35.  J.  H.  Bunten,  Danville,  Ind 2,050 

36.  Carl  Crawford,  Atlanta,  Mo 2,600 

37.  N.  K.  Dunham,  Salem,  111 2,200 

38.  Chas.  Jewett,  Indianapolis,  Ind 2,700 

39.  C.  E.  Howe,  Marathon,  Iowa 2,850 

40.  L.  J.  Long,  Peru,  111." 2,350 

Supplemental  List 

41.  C.  C.  Rice  and  E.  D.  Frazier.  Drexel,  Mo 3,000 

42.  Purdy  Bros.,  Harris,  Mo 1,400 

43.  Oscar  B.  Hensel,  Edelstein,  111 1,500 

45.  Palmer  Bros.,  Yorkville,  111 1,325 

46.  Consumers'  Farms,  Oklahoma  City,  Okla 1,150 

47.  M.  W.  Axtell,  Trent,  S.  D 1,400 

49.  J.  H.  Serven  &  Son,  Prairie  City.  Ill 1,125 

51.  O.  B.  Creek.  Liberty.  Ind 1,025 

52.  E.  C.  Smith,  Rivervalc.  Ind 1,275 

54.  Springhill  Farm,  Huntington,  Ind 1,700 

That  the  twelve  hundred  breeders  who  attended  this  sale  were  still 
eager  to  buy  breeding  stock  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  in  the  same  sale 
ring  that  evening  at  seven  o'clock  Winn  &  Moore,  Kansas  City.  Mo.,  and 
Gardner.  Kan.,  sold  an  offering  of  fifty-one  sows  bred  to  Revelation,  the 

son  of  Liberator,  and  to  Emancipator,  at  an  average  of  •'f!l,472  per  head. 


THE  BREED'S  REDEMPTION  191 

In  this  sale  Colvert  Bros.,  Oxford,  Ind.,  paid  $11,300  for  the  second  prize 
sow  at  the  National  Swine  show.  Model  Giantess  3d. 

All  sales  of  the  winter  received  a  tremendous  patronage  and  com- 
manded extreme  prices.  M.  A.  Dowling,  Valley  Junction,  Iowa,  featuring 
The  Rainbow,  averaged  $625,  $1500  top;  Dunn  &  Mead,  Monmouth,  111., 
featuring  Dunndale  Pilot,  averaged  $646,  with  a  top  of  $5000;  Ernest 
Melberg,  Iowa,  made  the  Iowa  record  of  $1125,  with  $5000  top,  featuring 
The  Pickett.  Mr.  Glover  made  a  second  sale  averaging  $1001,  $2525 
top.  E.  A.  Wiggers,  Evansville,  Ind.,  with  a  top  of  $3100,  averaged  $1025; 
Lukens  &  Son,  Disco,  Ind.,  $1233  average,  with  $4100  top;  WilUams  & 
Sons,  Spurling  &  Rumple,  Thorntown,  Ind.,  $2171  average,  with  a  top 
of  $3200;  on  sows  bred  to  Giant  Buster.  Williams  Bros.,  VilHsca,  Iowa, 
featuring  The  Yankee,  made  an  average  of  $613,  with  a  top  of  $1725; 
Fred  Sievers,  Audubon,  Iowa,  $524  average,  with  a  top  of  $1450;  John 
F.  Smith,  Flandreau,  S.  D.,  with  a  top  of  $1850,  averaged  $762;  Bloemen- 
daal  Bros.,  Orange  City,  Iowa,  $691,  with  a  $2500  top;  W.  J.  Graham, 
Howard  Lake,  Minn.,  $558  average,  $4050  top;  H.  C.  McGath,  Ames, 
Nebr.,  featuring  The  Avalanche  by  The  Clansman,  made  $450  average. 

There  were  any  number  of  sales  held  in  every  section  of  the  hog  belt 
during  the  winter  series  that  commanded  from  $200  to  $400  averages, 
and  a  countless  number  of  individual  sows  selling  above  one  thousand. 
No  season  in  the  history's  business  had  witnessed  prices  far  in  excess  of 
the  estimates  placed  upon  them  by  the  sellers.  As  the  spring  drew  on 
there  were  evidences  of  an  approaching  depression  in  business,  but  it 
was  not  sufficiently  felt  and  recognized  as  to  deter  breeders  in  their 
efforts  to  obtain  breeding  stock  at  big  figures,  and  this  season  marked 
a  number  of  private  boar  sales,  chief  among  which  was  the  purchase 
of  The  Yankee  by  W.  H.  Ellsworth  &  Sons,  Goldfield,  Iowa,  from  Wil- 
liams Bros.,  Villisca,  Iowa,  for  a  consideration  of  $40,000.  Jim  Bloemen- 
daal,  Alton,  Iowa,  purchased  the  boar  Checkers  from  F.  H.  Hassler, 
Manning,  Iowa,  for  $20,000.  Tow  Bros.,  Norway,  Iowa,  purchased  the 
entire  herd  of  Ernest  Melberg,  Norway,  Iowa,  including  The  Pickett,  for 
a  consideration  of  $100,000,  and  it  was  stated  that  The  Pickett  figured  in 
this  transaction  at  the  price  of  $60,000.  WilHams  Bros.,  VilHsca,  Iowa, 
purchased  a  fall  boar  by  Designer  from  Mr.  Hassler  for  $15,000.  M.  H. 
Menough,  Grimes,  Iowa,  bought  The  Rainbow  from  Mr.  M.  A.  Dowling, 
Valley  Junction,  Iowa,  the  consideration  being  $25,000,  and  the  October 
usage  of  this  boar  by  Mr.  Dowling.  Bell  Bros.  &  Wood,  Wiota,  Iowa, 
and  R.  A.  Bell,  Atlantic,  Iowa,  purchased  of  Mr.  Dowling  the  prize 
winning  son  of  The  Rainbow,  known  as  The  Hit,  for  $15,000.  F.  R. 
McDermand,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  purchased  Columbian  Giant  at  $20,000. 
There  were  numerous  other  transactions,  also  at  notable  figures. 

Though  the  depression  was  being  felt  as  the  season  progressed,  it  is 
remarkable  to  note  the  many  excellent  summer  and  fall  sales  that 
followed.  D.  C.  Lonergan  &  Sons,  Florence,  Nebr.,  made  an  August 
sale  averaging  $509,  with  a  $1500  top.  Wm.  Ferguson  &  Son,  Scribner, 
Nebr.,  averaged  $448,  realizing  for  a  spring  boar  by  Designer  $5200. 
Lewis  Bros.  &  Cunningham,  Childress,  Texas,  with  a  $3300  top,  averaged 
$532.  Colvert  Bros.,  Oxford,  Ind.,  sold  at  an  average  of  $512,  with  a 
$6650  top.  W.  D.  Jones,  Atkins,  Iowa,  realized  $600  average,  and  $9000 
top.     Jewett  &  Wiggers,  Evansville,  Ind.,  $525  average,  with  a  top  of 


102  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

.$975.  H.  M.  Menough,  (Irimes,  Iowa,  $407  average,  $1050  top.  Delaney 
Bros.,  Lentner,  Mo.,  witli  a  top  of  $4025,  averaged  $300.  Jim  Bloemen- 
daal,  Alton,  lov^'a,  made  an  average  of  $905,  with  a  top  of  $2525.  Harry 
Moore,  Gardner,  Kan.,  $355  average,  $2000  top.  Winn  &  Glover,  Kansas 
City,  Mo.,  $499  average,  $2525  top.  Tow  Bros.,  Norway,  Iowa,  $983 
average,  $5,000  top.  While  many  sales  averaged  above  $200  per  head, 
and  a  great  number  of  individuals  commanded  from  $1000  to  $3000. 

By  the  close  of  the  fall  sale  season,  owing  to  depressed  conditions 
in  the  money  markets  and  a  demoralized  condition  in  the  grain  markets, 
it  was  apparent  that  a  still  lower  range  of  values  would  obtain  during 
the  season  of  1921.  Never  in  the  history  of  the  swine  industry  were 
there  more  farmers  and  stockmen  wishing  to  buy  brood  sows  or  attending 
the  sales  of  them  than  in  this  season,  but  in  most  instances  perforce  of 
circumstances,  sales  were  made  on  a  cash  basis,  and  credit  being  denied 
the  farmers  by  their  local  banks,  they  were  unable  to  satisfy  their  wants 
and  needs.  This  condition  obtaining  among  the  farmers  affected  the 
breeders  full  as  much,  and  as  a  result  very  low  prices  ruled  throughout 
the  hog  belt.  The  top  Sale  of  the  winter  was  made  by  Jim  Bloemen- 
daal,  Alton,  Iowa,  who  sold  at  an  average  of  $376.  Mr.  Glover's  sale 
averaged  $335,  and  that  of  Mr.  McDermand  a  similar  amount.  Mr. 
Melberg  sold  at  an  average  of  $343.  There  were  few  other  sales  during 
the  winter  that  exceeded  $200  on  the  average,  and  many  of  the  offerings 
ranged  only  from  $50  to  $75.  A  number  of  the  breeders,  becoming  dis- 
couraged, withdrew  for  a  time  at  least  from  the  business,  but  it  left 
the  breed  still  fortified  with  a  greater  number  of  good  herds,  comprising 
a  greater  number  of  high  class  individuals  than  it  ever  before  possessed. 


CHAPTER  XXVIII 

The  Aftermath 

rROM  the  beginning  of  the  European  war  until  1920  all  classes  ol" 
American  business  had  been  running  on  a  high  tide  and  constantly 
gaining  in  momentum.  The  general  public  was  led  to  believe  that,  owing 
to  the  war's  great  devastation,  conditions  might  remain  so  for  a  goodly 
period.  Every  commodity  was  commanding  a  tremendous  price,  but 
dollars  were  cheap,  credit  was  free,  and  business  activity  had  reached 
a  point  of  speculation  and  gambling  in  practically  every  known  depart- 
ment. The  federal  reserve  banking  system  had  been  played  up  as  an 
unquestionable  safeguard  against  flurries  within  the  realm  of  finance, 
and  no  one  feared  a  panic.  Banks  throughout  the  country  were  piled 
full  of  assets  and  bankers  encouraged  their  patrons  to  buy.  Land 
throughout  the  cornbelt,  ever  looked  upon  as  the  safest  investment,  felt 
the  current  of  inflation,  with  the  result  that  prices  began  ascending  by 
leaps  and  bounds,  which  awakened  the  latent  gambling  spirit  that  is 
somewhere  concealed  in  nearly  every  human  breast.  Corporate  stock 
salesmen  were  everywhere  driving  the  country,  not  infrequently  forti- 
fied in  their  plundering  by  carefully  framed  letters  of  introduction  and 
endorsement  from  high  state  officials,  leading  bankers  of  the  state,  on 
to  the  local  banker  who  might  be  found  accompanying  them  upon  their 
errand  of  conquest  among  the  numerous  investors,  which  included  every 
class  from  artisan,  tradesman  to  husbandman,  each  looking  for  easy 
money,  a  get-rich-quick  return  on  their  dollars.  So  ran  the  current 
from  one  end  of  the  nation  to  the  other. 

Billions  of  dollars  of  Liberty  and  Victory  bonds,  secured  by  the 
world's  best  paymaster,  which  had  been  sold  quite  generally  to  every 
adult  American  during  the  days  of  the  war,  were  now  looked  upon  as 
yielding  a  very  stingy  rate  of  interest.  A  four  or  five  per  cent  interest 
rate,  wlien  compared  with  the  estimated  forty  to  five  hundred  per  cent 
earning  power  of  the  so-and-so  company,  was  sufficient  inducement  to 
cause  these  bonds  to  be  handed  over  for  so  many  shares  of  stock  in  the 
blue-sky  corporations.  Men  with  moderate  reserve  assets  were  carrying 
on  business  to  a  point  that  in  saner  times  would  have  seemed  appalling. 
The  gambling  fever  became  contagious,  an  epidemic.  Men  formerly 
known  to  be  conservative  and  cautious,  too,  caught  the  fever  and  joined 
in  like  the  rest,  deliriously  buying.  Farmers  and  stockmen  took  their 
fling  at  everything  listed  in  the  investment  catagories,  and  just  when 
every  one  seemed  to  have  made  his  fortune,  or  was  just  going  to  make  it, 
the  most  enjoyable  period  in  all  the  world's  history  came  bluntly  to  an 
end,  and  as  if  during  a  single  night  the  bottom  fell  out  of  the  markets, 
money  disappeared  from  the  light  of  day  as  if  by  magic,  credit  became 
a  thing  only  of  memory,  individual  fortunes  had  taken  wing  as  in  the 
phantasy  of  dreamland,  and  all  that  remained  was  a  mountain,  or  will 
I  say,  chain  of  mountains,  of  interest-bearing  debts. 


194  HISTOnv  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

The  fcdtrnl  reserve  directors  liad,  too,  played  that  most  excellent 
meaning  institution  beyond  the  limits  of  its  created  functioning,  and 
had  loaded  up  load  upon  load  of  re-discount  paper  from  its  member 
banks,  who  had  taken  that  paper  from  Tom,  Dick  and  Harry,  who  had 
spent  the  money  with  the  most  reckless  abandon,  and  now  the  reserve 
system  said  to  their  member  banks:  "You  must  pay  this  paper."  When 
these  member  banks  called  on  their  borrowers  with  a  similar  demand 
Tom  said:  "I  have  nothing  to  show  for  my  note;"  Dick  said:  "I  can 
only  pay  the  interest  upon  mine,"  and  Harry  said:  "I'll  hold  my  invest- 
ments until  the  markets  improve,  and  then  I  can  pay  all  of  it."  This 
situation  being  general  throughout  the  land,  intensified  the  most  general 
depression  ever  known  to  this  generation  of  Americans.  Foreign  nations, 
to  whom  we  had  loaned  billions  of  dollars,  were  unable  to  pay  even  the 
interest  on  their  indebtedness,  and  seemingly  the  great  minds  and  men 
throughout  the  world  had  made  no  greater  preparation  to  cope  with  this 
day  of  reckoning  than  had  the  most  humble  layman  among  us. 

It  was  only  natural  that  in  the  course  of  the  super-inflated  business 
events  that  registered  livestock,  just  like  everything  else,  would  attain 
to  prices  in  excess  of  its  value.  People  who  had  cherished  the  desire  to 
own  rgistered  livestock  in  the  prohibitive  days  of  their  poverty  had 
felt  that  now  was  the  time  to  stock  up,  and  had  the  American  farmer 
confined  himself  to  investments  only  in  his  own  line  of  business,  he 
would  have  been  but  little  hurt.  Though  he  may  have  indulged  to  excess 
in  buying  his  boar  and  his  sows,  they  would  have  eventually  returned 
to  him  his  investment,  with  profit.  But  he  did  not  so  confine  himself,  for 
in  a  single  cornbelt  state,  some  three  hundred  million  dollars  of  wildcat 
corporate  stock  was  sold  during  a  period  of  eighteen  months,  and  largely 
to  the  farmers  and  stockmen.  This  was  practically  a  total  loss,  and  it 
was  over  twice  as  much  as  the  registered  livestock  sold  in  that  state 
during  the  same  period  totaled.  Good  breeding  stock  of  all  kinds  sold 
for  more  than  it  was  safely  worth,  but  there  was  no  preventing  it,  no 
effort  made  to  prevent  it,  and  yet  the  men  who  figured  in  it  committed 
the  smallest  offense  against  society,  as  well  as  the  individual,  of  any  who 
were  promoting  industry  at  that  time. 

This  was  the  one  golden  era  of  the  twentieth  century  in  the  livestock 
business.  Breeders  were  happy  and  rejoicing  in  the  tremendous  total 
of  the  sales,  as  well  as  in  the  honor  of  doing  big  things.  Never  once 
did  any  breeder  caution  his  buyers  against  going  too  high,  even  when  it 
would  seem  that  altitude  records  had  been  reached,  but  rather  he  urged 
for  still  more.  Beginning  with  $500  for  a  boar  in  1909  as  a  starthng 
record,  the  Poland  China  breeder  had  been  clambering  higher  and 
higher,  and  the  greater  the  height  the  more  confident  he  became  of  the 
value,  and  as  he  passed  the  thoysand  dollar  milestone,  set  by  the  sale 
of  Big  Price,  on  past  the  sixty-six  hundred  Gerstdale  Jones,  the  ten 
thousand  two  hundred  dollar  Colonel  Jack,  the  twenty-five  thousand 
dollar  Evolution,  the  thirty  thousand  dollar  Designer,  the  seventeen 
thousand  two  hundred  dollar  Fashion  Girl,  these  prices  seemed  no  more 
and  were  no  more  when  compared  to  the  earning  power  of  the  animal 
than  was  three  hundred  and  sixty  dollars  for  A  Wonder,  and  one 
hundred  dollars  for  Giantess  2d,  when  they  sold  at  those  figures.  What 
had  been  slow  plodding  business  had  now  become  a  race  with  perchance 


THE  AFTERMATH  11)5 

an  element  of  gamble  thrown  in.  It  had  been  winning  consistently  lor 
years.  The  crowd  of  players  had  been  getting  larger  and  more  confi- 
dent from  day  to  day,  and  the  bet  was  that  if  times  continued  so  and  the 
animal  lived  a  certain  length  of  time,  he  or  she  would  make  a  profit,  or 
perchance  fortune,  for  the  buyer.  This  was  not  out  of  line  with  the 
every  day  intent  and  purpose  of  the  ambitious  man  any  more  than  in 
the  fact  that  he  was  now  seeking  things  with  a  magnified  vision  and  was 
attempting  to  do  in  a  few  months'  time  what  he  would  have  ordinarily 
been  content  with  devoting  a  lifetime  to  performing.  The  same  spirit 
manifested  itself  in  the  doings  of  every  other  prominent  breed  and 
specie  of  livestock,  and  with  about  the  same  results. 

Every  agency  connected  with  the  Poland  China  business  during  this 
time  was  working  under  the  same  high  blood  pressure  as  the  breeders 


Tye's  Liberator 
r.  Third  Prise  Senior  Bnar  Pig,  National  Swine 
Weight  558  Pounds.     Note  the  Massiveness  and 
Type  tor   an    Under   Year  Pig 


themselves.  There  had  previously  come  into  the  field  numerous  breed 
and  other  publications,  each  justifying  its  own  existence  and  activities 
under  reasons  which  each  deemed  amply  sufficient.  Each  had  its  corps 
of  advertising  solicitors,  whose  duties  it  was  to  fine-tooth  comb  the 
territory  assigned  him  in  procuring  advertising,  digging  up  buyers, 
making  purchases  and  generally  promoting  the  business.  Such  papers 
were  largely  judged  as  good  or  bad,  weak  or  strong,  by  the  amount  of 
space  they  could  run,  the  pep  of  their  fieldmen,  the  influence  they  could 
wield,  and  the  force  they  could  exert  in  further  augmenting  sales,  sale 
averages  and  production.  Breeders  wanted  them  and  liberally  em- 
ployed them.  Every  other  branch  of  the  selling  end  of  the  business  was 
employed  upon  a  similar  basis,  and  the  man  destitute  of  influence  and 
ability  to  make  the  sales  go  was  found  absent  on  roll  call.  Recording 
associations  were  energetic  in  the  field,  urging  breeders  and  beginners 
to  greater  activities.     Veterinary  science  had  overcome  the  hazard  of 


I'JG  HISTOHY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

loss  by  cholera,  through  vaccination,  and  livestock  insurance  companies, 
springing  up,  were  writing  policies  at  fabulous  amounts  on  sale  offerings 
or  individual  animals,  protecting  them  against  death  from  any  cause. 
These  elements  combined  were  potent  in  allaying  fears  and  likewise  in 
engendering  a  greater  element  of  confidence. 

As  sale  averages  ascended  into  the  hundreds,  frequently  near  and 
occasionally  beyond  the  thousand  dollar  mark,  those  constituting  the 
selling  factors  in  the  business  moved  on  up  into  that  attractive  realm 
of  greater  compensation,  and  as  it  become  with  the  breeders  a  rivalry 
to  excel  in  sale  averages  and  show  ring,  so,  too,  it  became  a  mark  of 
distinction  among  the  fieldmen  to  write  the  largest  contract  and  auc- 
tioneers to  command  the  highest  fees.  Had  the  break  been  foreseen  all 
factors  in  the  industry  would  have  adjusted  their  parts  to  conform 
thereto,  but  as  it  was  beyond  the  scope  of  man's  vision  to  pierce  the 
curtain  between  this  day's  business  and  the  future,  breeders  were  unpre- 
pared when  it  came,  and  many  found  themselves  encumbered  with  great 
advertising  contracts  which  had  been  run  and  not  paid  for,  with  notes 
they  had  taken  that  were  now  non-collectable,  as  well  as  notes  they 
had  given  which  they  could  not  pay. 

Most  of  the  breeders,  as  well  as  all  others  connected  with  the  business, 
accepted  the  new  order  of  things  gracefully,  and,  like  all  game  Ameri- 
cans should  do,  settled  down  to  the  task  of  clearing  things  up,  realizing 
that  if  there  had  been  mistakes  made  they  were  their  own  mistakes,  and 
they  as  men  should  answer  for  them.  Looking  about,  they  could  see 
that  everyone  else  had  been  affected  in  a  similar  manner,  that  no  matter 
who  the  man  was,  where  he  was,  or  what  he  had  been  doing,  provided 
that  he  was  in  business  at  all  during  this  period,  he  was  now  in  the  same 
straits,  and  the  only  manly  thing  to  do  was  to  make  the  best  of  it.  There 
was  no  occasion  for  the  Poland  China  breeder  to  denounce  the  fates, 
for  had  not  the  greatest  men  of  the  Nation,  in  both  governmental  and 
business  affairs,  been  caught  in  the  same  meshes,  and  did  this  depression 
not  only  encompass  ourselves,  but  reach  on  into  the  nations  of  the  Old 
World? 

The  writer  challenges  to  be  shown  any  group  or  fraternity  of  men 
who  surpass  in  genuine  manliness  and  strength  of  heart  that  which  is 
identified  with  the  great  American  Poland  China  breed  of  swine.  Yet 
like  every  other  body  of  men,  there  was  in  its  ranks  a  minority  of  fault- 
finders, kickers  and  cowards,  who,  when  the  break  came,  put  up  their 
heads  long  enough  to  shoot  their  poisonous  arrows  of  hatred,  envy  and 
falsehood  into  the  ranks  of  the  business.  The  Poland  China  breed  was 
now  handicapped  with  its  full  share  of  these  little  narrow-minded  char- 
acter assassins  and  business  destroyers.  During  the  glowing  days  of 
the  trade  they  arc  ever  to  be  found  selling  on  the  other  breeder's  efforts, 
eager  to  accept  top  prices  for  what  they  have  to  sell,  but  jealous  and 
envious  of  their  fellow  breeder's  success.  A  thousand  dollars  is  chea') 
enough  for  their  boar,  but  always  too  much  for  the  other  man's.  They 
breed  a  second  class  product,  and  by  attending  the  sales  of  the  breeder 
who  sells  first  class  product,  putting  in  the  day  denouncing  his  prices 
and  knocking  his  offering,  they  hope  and  frequently  succeed  in  palming 
thiir  own  goods  off  onto  an  unsuspecting  jjurchaser  for  twice  what  it 
is  worth.     When   the  drop  conies  they   rise   to   the   surface  and  begin 


THE  AFTERMATH  1<)7 

denouncing  other  men  and  their  methods  as  being  responsible  for  it  all. 
Content  to  take  top  prices  while  they  are  going,  practicing  stratagems 
and  laying  pitfalls  for  their  buyers,  now  that  the  drop  has  come  and 
possibly  caught  them  just  when  they  were  getting  ready  to  cash  in,  yon 
hear  them  poisonously  denouncing  all  others  connected  with  the  busi- 
ness. In  their  unmanly  attempt  to  make  themselves  strong  with  that 
element  of  the  same  ilk,  they  lay  the  fault  at  the  hands  of  the  man  who 
paid  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  for  a  boar,  or  who  sold  one  for  that 
price,  or  the  livestock  papers  did  it,  or  the  auctioneers  charged  too  much, 
and  they  very  easily  find  sympathizers,  for  in  every  department  of  the 
business  and  every  other  business  are  men  like  themselves  of  diminu- 
tive caliber.  This  element  sought  immediately  to  become  dominant 
during  the  days  of  the  depression,  adding  insult  to  injury,  and  making 
recovery  more  difficult  by  spreading  discord  and  dissension. 

It  has  frequently  been  stated  that  competition  is  the  life  of  business, 
and  that  statement  imphes  that  competition  be  clean  and  wholesome 
in  character,  willing  at  all  times  to  meet  and  be  met  on  a  basis  and  test 
of  merit.  In  the  main  the  Poland  China  business  had  been  conducted 
upon  that  commendable  plane,  but  with  the  depression  of  business  in 
1920  and  1921,  there  was  apparent  in  certain  territories  of  the  hog  belt 
groups  or  chques  composed  of  individuals  actuated  by  selfish  and 
envious  motives,  who  sought  to  establish  and  enforce  coercive  measures, 
compelling  other  members  of  the  fraternity  to  conform  to  their  wishes  in 
conducting  a  punitive  campaign  against  individuals  and  institutions 
identified  with  the  breed,  the  elimination  of  which  would  serve  their 
selfish  ends.  This  coersion  was  carried  on  to  such  an  extreme  that 
certain  fieldmen  attempted  to  dictate  to  the  breeder  whom  he  might 
employ  in  the  other  departments  of  his  business,  under  the  implied 
threat  of  working  against  him  unless  he  "lined  up."  The  breeder  was 
likewise  taken  to  task  of  from  whom  he  might  purchase  breeding 
material  and  for  entrusting  his  buying  orders  to  other  than  these  dicta- 
tors. In  this  manner  the  privilege  of  conducting  his  own  business  in  his 
own  way  was  denied  the  breeder.  In  various  states  this  dictatorship 
was  carried  on  to  such  unimaginable  extremes  that  it  was  said  of  certain 
fieldmen,  though  not  by  any  means  marked  successes  when  in  the  breed- 
ing business,  that  they  sought  to  poison  the  breeders  of  their  territories 
against  purchasing  at  sales  where  the  auctioneers  employed  were  not  to 
their  Uking.  Yet  they  had  the  temerity  to  accept  the  advertising  of  such 
breeders  and  the  publications  on  which  they  were  hired,  solicited  and 
accepted  advertising  from  breeders  employing  these  same  auctioneers 
on  the  pretext  of  pulling  patronage  for  their  sales.  Again,  in  the  same 
territories- were  circulated  and  passed  on  among  the  breeders  malicious 
fabrications  relating  to  the  sales  and  purchases  of  many  of  the  best  and 
highest  priced  selling  animals  of  the  breed.  The  object  in  this  was  to 
reek  vengeance  upon  guiltless  men,  the  result,  however,  begetting  doubt 
and  mistrust  among  all  breeders  as  to  the  validity  of  any  transaction 
in  which  they  did  not  personally  take  part.  It  is  an  unfortunate  fact  that 
the  greatest  miscreant  conforming  to  human  type  can,  for  a  while  at 
least,  have  his  following,  and  more  unfortunate  still  that  many  times 
the  unsuspecting  honest  man  is  drawn  under  such  leadership.  The 
greatest  handicap  under  which  the  breed  was  suffering  at  this  time  was 


198  HISTORY  OF  POLAND  CHINA  SWINE 

that  of  these  underhand  and  coercive  methods  which  operated  to  locaUze 
the  breed's  activities  to  the  Httle  territory  dominated  by  those  who  had 
practiced  them  for  their  own  selfish  ends.  The  breed  of  a  great  Nation 
must  not  be  hampered  in  its  field  of  operation  by  any  interest  that 
attempts  to  build  up  an  impregnable  wall  around  a  limited  territory 
and  say  to  the  rest  and  all  others  beyond  that  confine,  "I'm  running 
the  breed  here.  You  keep  out,"  and  to  those  within  that  territory,  "I'm 
directing  the  breed  here.  You  stay  in!"  No  breeder,  no  fieldman  and 
no  auctioneer  should  be  permitted  to  say  to  any  other,  "You  are  in  my 
territory."  This  great  breed  of  swine,  the  only  one  that  was  ever 
evolved  by  strictly  American  genius,  should  enjoy  the  broad  and  unre- 
stricted field  of  all  America  in  its  trade  and  operation.  That  was  the 
vision  of  its  originators,  and  that  must  ever  be  the  vision  of  its  greatest 
builders. 

Until  the  depression  of  1920,  in  its  century  of  unequalled  service  to 
the  American  stockmen  in  subduing  the  scrubs,  enriching  the  agriculture 
of  the  country  and  serving  one  of  the  great  resources  of  a  nation,  it 
knew  no  dictators  and  was  never  dominated  by  any  closed  corporation 
element  that  sought  to  keep  it  local  in  its  functioning.  Let  us  hope  that 
the  control  of  this  breed  may  never  be  relaxed  by  that  class  of  men 
who  have  been  responsible  for  its  progress,  who  look  upon  it  as  a 
national  asset,  who  work  with  it  and  for  it  in  its  entirety  rather  than  as 
a  closed  corporation  reduced  to  zones  and  limited  areas.  There  is  hope 
for  the  future  material  realm  for  man  only  as  the  young  and  rising 
generation  of  the  American  farms  may  be  taught  to  respect,  revere, 
imitate  and  if  possible  improve  upon  the  work  and  achievement  of  those 
who  have  made  this  record  possible. 


THOMAS  A.  SHATTUCK 


Much  credit  is  due  Thos.  A.  Shattuck,  Hastings, 
Nebr.,  for  the  making  possible  in  a  financial  way, 
the  publication  of  this.  The  History  of  the  Poland 
China  Breed  of  Swine.  The  thought  of  so  tremen- 
dous an  expense  in  the  publication  of  such  a  book, 
with  the  knowledge  of  a  very  limited  circulation, 
caused  no  little  worry  to  the  authors.  Through  the 
assistance  of  Mr.  Shattuck  in  visiting  a  number  of 
breeders,  the  closing  pages  of  the  History  were 
offered  as  an  advertising  medium,  to  help  defray 
the  great  expense  in  publishing  and  placing  on  the 
market,  the  History. 

Mr.  Shattuck  is  one  of  the  pioneer  breeders  of  the 
west.  Associated  with  his  father,  A.  T.  Shattuck, 
they  became  known  wherever  Poland  Chinas  were 
raised. 

Mr.  Shattuck  has  been  honored  by  the  Poland 
China  Fraternity  many  times,  in  being  selected  as 
a  Judge,  at  the  largest.  State  and  National  Shows. 
He  has  been  at  all  times,  honest,  upright  and 
four-square. 

THE'  AUTHORS. 


Il 

The  Hit 

393201 

Cicotte 

378035 

Two  of  the  Leading  Boars 
of  the  Breed 

They  Are  TV  inner s  in  the  Greatest 
Shows  of  the  Country, 

THE  HIT — Was    1st   prize   Senior   Pig,   and 
Junior  Champion,  Iowa  State  Fair,    1920. 

CICOTTE— Was  1st  prize   Junior  Yearling, 
same  show. 

MEDALLION — Was  our  1st  prize  aged  sow, 
same  show. 

Our  herd  sows  are  equally  as 
great  as  our  boars.     Our  entire 
herd  is  open  for  your  inspection. 
We  have  pleased  many  others, 
furnishing  them  with  prize  win- 
ning stock.     Why  not  you.^ 

BELL  BROS.  &  WOOD 

Wiota     -:-     Iowa 

THE  HIT 

Junior  Champion  Boar 

Iowa  State  Fair,  1920 
The  Boar  With  a  Personality 


Our  herd  is  founded  upon 
performance.  Our  sales  in- 
dicate approval  by  the  men 
"who  care." 

Your  wants  are  carefully 
handled,  and  every  pur- 
chase carries  with  it  our 
personal  guarantee. 

When  in  need  of  young 
stock,  let  us  tell  you  about 
ours.  Visitors  always  wel- 
come. 


*'Just  ring  the  bell" 

R.  A.  BELL,  Atlantic,  la. 


"Long  Lady  Timm  269799  and  Detector  114020" 

PLEASANT  HILL  STOCK  FARM 

SHENANDOAH         - :-         IOWA 

Herd  Boar  is  Detector  by  Designer,  out  of  a 
Gerstdale  Jones  and  Giant  Ben  bred  dam.  An 
outstanding  individual. 

Brood  Sows  are  by  Designer,  F's  Big  Jones, 
Liberator,  Fessy's  Timm. 

Write  me  your  wants.  Satisfaction  assured. 

EARL  HOWARD,  Shenandoah,  Iowa 


W.J.  Osgood 

SHELDON 

IOWA 

Proprietor  of  the 

Welworth 
Poland 
Chinas 

Herd  headed  by 

Welwo,lh  Orange 

343195 
Raiolxiw  373373    anct 
Welworlh  Clan  428671 


4 

■ 

¥- 

■Ti  ^3Si^^^^^l^ 

n 

J.  J.  Kramer,   Sheldon,  la. 

Our  herd  was  established  in  1906.  We  have  produced  several 
notable  an-mals'  among  which  are  Giant  Standard,  the  sire 
of  Grand  Master;  Right  Kind,  the  sire  of  Kramer's  Kind; 
Kramer's  Kind,  the  dam  af  The  Clansman  and  the  Guardsman. 
What  better  evidence  of  our  right  to  solicit  your  patronage? 
Visit  our  herd.     Correspondence  invited. 

J.  J.  Kramer  Sheldon,  Iowa 


G.  F.  RICHARDS,  Corning,  Iowa 

— Breeder  of  the  — 

Fery  Largest  of  Big  Type 

Poland  Chinas 


History  will  reveal  our  part  in 
the  breed's  progress.  Our  herd 
has  carried  nothing  but  the  very 
best  in  Poland  China  production. 
From  our  herd  has  emanated 
many  of  the  leading  show  and 
breeding  boars.  -Our  sales  will 
indicate  the  character  of  our 
business.  If  you  are  looking  for 
top  stuff,  that  will  "carry  on"  we 
have  it.  Our  prices  are  reason- 
able. Inspection  of  the  herd  al- 
ways welcome. 


Correspondence  Given  Prompt  Attention 


G.   F.   RICHARDS 

CORNING       -:-        IOWA 


LIBERTY  HEIGHTS  HERD 

BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS 

ORANGE  PIECE 

"The  Sire  With  a  Personality" 


Orange  Piece  411681. 

Our   herd  has  been  built  upon  a  firm  foundation.     Nothing  but  animals  of 
unquestioned  merit  are  permitted  to  remain  in  the  herd. 


Ellsworth's  Kind  2d  by  King  Brilliant  2d;  dam,  Ellsworth's  Kind  by  Big  Price. 

Ellsworth's  Kind,  the  grand  old  sow  of  many  generations 
service,  was  the  foundation  sow  of  our  herd.  Several  of  her 
daughters  or  ancestry  are  still  in  our  herd. 


LIBERTY  HEIGHTS  HERD 

BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS 


The  Liberty  Heights  Poland   Chinas  have  always  been  in   keen  de- 
mand.    Our   August   18,   1920  sale  averaged  $418;  October  1920  sale 
averaged  $105.     And  February  1921  sal 
the  sows  were  bred  to  Orange  Piece. 


iveraged  $250,  twenty-five  of 


Yankee  Girl  by  The  Yankee;  dam,  Miss  Big  Josie  by  Big  Fred. 

The  Yankee,  known  the  world  over,  was  selected  by  us  to  furthe 
plans  in^offering  to  the  public  the  best  there  was  in  Poland  Chinas 


Fashion  Jane  by  A's  Mastodon;  dam,  Miss  Joe  by  Biggest  Yet. 

We  desire   to   interest  you  in  our  superior  hogs,  strictly  by  their  merits. 
Will  you  give  us  the  opportunity,  that  we  may  both  profit  thereby? 

Visitors   always   welcome.     Correspondence  invited  and  promptly  cared  for. 

W.  H.  ELLSWORTH  &  SONS 

GOLDFIELD,  -  -  -  IOWA 


The  Domino  Herd 


The  Home  of  the  Celebrated 
DOMINO  116522,  the  boar  that 
is  mailing  them  all  "sit  up"  and 
take  notice. 


Domino  stays  right  up  oti  his  toes 
Domino  has  a  good  arch  in  his  back 
Domino  is  free  from  unsightly  wrinkles 
Domino  is  always  ready  for  every  meal 
Domino  is  already  acknowledged  a  sire  supreme 
Domino  sits  holding  the  double  six 
Domino  is  "The  Winner" 


August  14,  1920,  sows  bred  to  Domino  averaged $520.71 

January  11,  1921,  sows  bred  to  Domino  averaged $137.00 

February  24,  1921,  sows  bred  to  Domino  averaged $165.40 

Top  sow  of  these  sales  bred  to  Domino  was $850.00 

The  first    7  sows  bred  to  Domino  farrowed 82  pigs 

The  first  11  sows  bred  to  Domino  farrowed 126  pigs 

The  first  50  sows  bred  to  Domino  farrowed 517  pigs 


The  Domino  Herd  invites  your 
inspection.  Come  on  over,  and 
let's  talk  ii  oDer. 


Bert  E.  McMillan 

BLANCHARD,   IOWA 


1^  J 


F.  H.  RIDGEWAY  F.    D.    HUTCHESON 

RIDGEWAY  FARM 

THE  HOME  OF  GHECKMAKER  94520 


Checkmaker  (formerly  known  as  Bernice  Jones),  first  prize  Junior  Yearling 
Iowa  State  Fair,  1919.     Sire,  F.'s  Big  Jones,  the  Iowa  Grand  Champion,  1919. 

We  contribute  our  success  in  the  hog  business  to,  having  a  real  boar, 
plus  the  breeding  of  Hercules  (the  litter  brother  to  Disher's  Giant),  in  the 
majority  of  our  sows.  We  have  produced  from  this  mating  the  following 
noted  herd  boars: 

Checkers,  Constructor,  Protector,  Check-It.  Big  Check,  King  Row,  Man 
O'  War,  Mortgage  Lifter,  Profit  Maker,  Checkereno,  Giant  Check  Payer,  Re- 
liable Checkers  and  several  others. 

For  popularity  plus  real  hog,  we  can  come  nearer  pleasing  you  than 
any  herd  in  the  West.     Give  us  a  trial. 


Ridgeway  Farm 


Blanchard,  la. 


CEDAR  CREST  FARM 

DON  R.  TURNBULL 

Blanchard,  Iowa 

Our    herd  is  strictly  a  "Giantess"  bred  herd.     As  such  we 

have  produced  and  sold  some  of  the  leading  boars  now 

in  service.    Our  sales  have  found  buyers  from  many 

states,  paying  us  an  average  of  $500  per  head 

for  bred  sows  on  August  14,  1920. 

In  our  herd  is  CONSTRUCTOR  104554  and  PRO- 
TECTOR 110874,  both  litter  brothers  to  CHECK- 
ERS. We  have  shipped  fall  boars  sired  by  these 
boars  into  ten  different  states. 

We  have  also  used  the  following  great  boars;  Moneymaker 
118373,  Capt.  Lew  96945,  Constructor  Jr.  118410  and  Turn- 
bull's  Big  Chief  101044. 


'PROTECTOR' 


Visitors  Welcome.     Stock  For  Sale 
at  all  times. 

DON  R.  TURNBULL     ■:-     Blanchard,  Iowa 


The  American  108193 


The  Boar  that  is 
100%  Poland  China 


The  American 


Our  herd  has  been  successful  winners  at  the  Iowa  State  Fair,  both 
1919  and  1920.  We  have  held  several  highly  successful  sales.  Aver- 
ages from  $60  to  $135.     Our  customers  are  our  best  boosters. 


We  have  young  stock  for  sale  at  any  time. 

Prices  are  very  reasonable.    We  believe  if 

you  will  give  us  a  trial  order  for  your  herd 

boar,  you  will  always  be  our  customer. 

Try  us  once. 


HARRY  B.  DUNCAN 


BAGLEY,  IOWA 


Valley  View  Stock  Farm 

OWNED  BY 
CHARLES  W.  CARTER,  Shenandoah,  Iowa 

Herd  Headed  by 

Yankee  Prospect  117498 

We  have  never  held  a  public  auction,  being  able  to  dispose 
of  all  our  surplus  at  private  treaty.  These  have  sold  at  top 
prices,    and    in  other  herds  have  commanded  record  prices. 

We  endeavor  to  keep  in  our  herd  nothing  but 
the  leading  blood  lines  of  the  breed.  Young 
stock  for  sale  at  all  times.     Prices  reasonable. 


CHARLES  W.  CARTER 

SHENANDOAH       -:-       -:-       -:- 


IOWA 


HENRY  DORR 


CHECKIT 

Nothing  Larger  or  Belter 

Our  herd  is  one  of  the  oldest  in 
the  state.  We  guarantee  satis- 
faction on  every  sale.  We  have 
won  many  premiums  at  the 
world's  largest  shows.  Stock 
for  sale  at  all  times. 

Henry  Dorr  &  Son 

Marcus,  Iowa 


WALTER  DORR 


CHECKRn.S 

CHECKERS,   the   breed's  most   pop- 
ular boar.    Now  stands  48  inches  high 
His   sons   and  daughters  are   his   best 
boosters. 

Visit  our  herd.     You  will  be  pleased 
with  the  large  number  of  great  sows 
in    our   herd. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all   times.     Prices 
reasonable. 

JIM    BLOEMENDAAL 
ALTON,  IOWA 

TURNBULL  &  MILLER 

Blanchard         -         Iowa 


Among  the  great  boars  used  in  our  herd,  CHECKIT  104108, 
CHECKMATE  113113  and  INVINCIBLE. 

CHECKIT  sold  in  1920  spring  sale  for  S2000.'    Checkit  Over 

sold  in  the  same  sale  for  S500.     Our  bred  sow  sale, 

February  23,  1921,  averaged  $128. 

Our  herd  is  one  of  the  strongest  "Giantess"  bred 
herds  in  the  west.  We  have  young  stock  for  sale  at 
all  times.  A  visit  to  our  herd  will  convince  you  that 
we  have  extraordinary  hogs,  the  kind  that  bring 
added  profit  to  hog  production. 


TurnbuU  &  Miller 

Blanchard      (Dee  TurnbuU,  Mgr. )      Iowa 


W.  A.  Clark,  Farragut,  Iowa 

— Breeder  of  strictly — 

Big  ^Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Your  wants  carefully  handled.  We  are 
pleasing  others,  why  not  you?  Prices 
reasonable  in  comparison  to  individual 
merit.     Call  or  write. 

W.  A.  Clark,  Farragut,  Iowa 


A.  A.  CHANTLAND 

HUMBOLDT,  IOWA 

We  have  the  reputation  of  having  them 
just  a  little  larger. 

Strictly 

Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Is  Our  Hobby 

It  was  in  our  herd  that  the  famous 
$18,000  Mabel's  Jumbo  did  service. 
Our  herd  contains  not  only  his  blood, 
but  the  blood  of  Chantland's  Big 
Bob,  Major's  Jumbo  Jr.,  Hancher- 
dale  Orange  and  others. 

When  Poland  Chinas  are  grown  larger, 
we  will  be  among  those  who  helped, 
and  many  of  the  big  ones  will  still  be 
in  our  herd. 

Stock  for  sale  at  reasonable  prices. 

A.  A.  Chantland,    Humboldt,  Iowa 


C  2  RANGER 


The  Largest  Boar  of  the  Breed 


Heads  our  herd  of  strictly  Bi^  Type 

Poland  Chinas 


It  was  in  our  herd  that: 


Made  national 
reputations, 


A  Wonder  107333  A,  47460S 

Big  Jce  200767 

Fesenmeyer's  A  Wonder  68397         J-        each  one  being 

Fessy's  Timm  256024  "the  leader'"    in 

F*s  Big  Jones  320555  J        ^'^  '^^y- 

It  was  from  our  herd,  breeders  establishing  Big 
Type  herds  found  their  largest  hogs  with  finish. 

It  was  from  our  herd  emanated  the  celebrated 
"Giantess"  boars  and  sows  that  are  now  making 
breed  history. 

We  are  the  breeders  of  the  famous  Preston's 
Giantess  709644  Htter  that  have  electrified  the  world. 

What  we  have  done,  we  can  do  again. 
We  have  a  herd  of  breed  builders — 
Outstanding  Sows  and  the  largest  Boar. 
We  sell  at  prices  reasonable  and  fair. 

Visitors  ahvays  welcome  Correspondence  invited 

HENRY  FESENMEYER  &  SON 

CLARINDA        -        IOWA 


A  View  of  Our  Farm 

Green  Acres  Stock  Farm 

Farragut,  Iowa 

Herd  boars  in  service,  Greater  Yankee  118711,  a  grandson  of  The 
Yankee.  Also  a  son  of  The  Pioneer,  a  full  brother  to  Liberator  and 
Designer. 

We  will  hold  our  first  public  sale  on  September  10,  1921.  We  hvae 
always  been  able  to  sell  our  surplus  stock  at  private  sale. 

We  have  a  good  herd  of  Shorthorn  cattle.  Our  herds  of  cattle  and 
hogs  have  l)een  successful  winners  at  our  county  shows. 

Correspondence  solicited  and  given  prompt  attention. 

GEORGE  GRUBER,         Farragut,  Iowa 


W.  J.  HEALV 


J.  H.  HEALY 


J.  C.  HEALY 


J.  H.  HEALY  &  COMPANY 

Breeders  of 

Pure  Bred  Poland  China  Swine  of  the  Big  Type 
MANILLA,  IOWA 

r  H's  Timm  89824  by  Fessy's   Timm 
Herd   Headed  by  <  Col.  Bob  by  Col.  Jack 
L  Healy's  Long  Prospect 


COME  AND  SEE  US 


MAIL  ORDERS  GUARANTEED 


l>K1  KR  MOl  W 


Peter  Mouw  &  Co. 

Pioneer  and  Premier 

breeder  of 

Bi^  Type  Poland  Chinas 

We  led  the  way,  others 
followed. 

We     bred     Chief  Price 

61S61,  the  "father"  of  the 
Big  Types. 

We  are  still  in  the  busi- 
ness.     Write    your  wants. 

Peter  Mouw  &  Co. 

ORANGE  CITY,   lA. 


STEHPEN  DeJONG 


L.  R.  McGLARNON 

BRADDYVILLE,  IOWA 

We  Built  Securely  So  As  to  Last  Long 

Our  accomplishments  in  makings  breed  history  have  been  clue  to 
the  fact,  we  have  held  as  important  our  sow  herd  as  was  our  herd  boar. 
WE  BRED 

Ale's  Big  Orange  293868 

The  Yankee  298157  (Sold  for  $40,000) 

The  Pilot  297441   (Grand  Champion  of  the  World,  1919) 

The  Giant  72083   (Missouri  Grand  Champion) 

Mankato  Wonder  245891 

FOR  MANY  YEARS  OUR  HERD  WAS  HEADED  BY— 

Bi^  Orange  145509 

Hercules  232407,  litter  brother  to  Disher's  Giant 
Mc's  Big  Orange  293868 

Our  herd  at  present  is  the  blood  of  these  great  boars,  plus  the 
blood  of 

CHALLENGER 
one  of  the  greatest  and  largest  boars  of  the  "Giantess"  familv.     Your 
wants  always  given  prompt  attention.    Satisfaction  assured. 


L  R.  McClarnon 


Braddyville,  Iowa 


Pioneer  Chief  Price  Herd 


JOHN  MILLER 


les  329S55 
We  sold   4  0  bred  sows  for  an  average  of 
February     13.     I'Jll.     the    highest    aver 


Surprise 
Miller-! 
Miller-i 

$133  31 


1917 
Ma 


'  of  our  hogs  have  been  heavy  winners  in   the 
demand,   commanding  top  prices. 

JOHN  MILLER 

Rock  Valley  :-:  Iowa 


BLOEMENDAAL  BROS. 

Orange  CHy,  Iowa 

Breeders  of  advance  Big 
Type  Poland  China  hogs.  The 
individuality  and  pedigree  of 
your  herd  boar's  dam  is  just  as 
important  as  the  character  of 
his  sire. 

When  you  buy  a  herd  boar 
from  what  many  pronounce 
THE  GREATEST  SOW 
HERD  OF  THE  BREED, 
you  assure  your  herd  boar  the 
right  pareri'tage  on  both  sides, 
and  insure  right  type  pigs  in 
your  herd,  backed  by  a  concen- 
tration of  blood  that  has  been 
making  history  for  many  years. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year.  Herd  numbers 
over  three  hundred  head.  Give 
us  a  trial. 

BLOEMENDAAL   BROS. 

Orange  City,  Iowa 


WILLIAM    A.   SCAR 

EARLHAM,  IOWA 

MOTTO :  We  do  not  allow  any  l^oar  to  head  our  herd,  and  keep 
no  herd  sows  that  are  not  of  the  extreme  large,  high-backed,  deep- 
bodied,  smooth,  heavy-boned.  eas\-  feeding  kind.  We  will  sacrifice 
nothing  in  picking  herd  material. 

We  have  enjoyed  a  very  large  business.  Our  private  sale  busi- 
ness has  almost  equaled  our  catalog  sales.  \\'e  ha\e  shipped  hogs  into 
22  states. 

EVERYBODY'S  PICK  430585  IS  OUR  CHIEF  HERD  BOAR 

He  is  assisted  by  Big  Gerstdale  Jones  290249,  and  Consolidation 
444681. 

While  we  ha\'e  had  several  high  averaging  sales,  we  by  no  means 
price  our  hogs  beyond  their  worth.  Visit  our  herd.  Correspondence 
invited.     Mail  orders  a  specialty. 

WILLIAM  A.  SCAR 
EARLHAM  -  -  [IOWA 


R.  J.  Yates,  Orland,  California 

Proprietor  of  the 

Glenn  Chief  Herd  Poland  Chinas 

We  came  to  Glenn  County,  California  in  1917,  moving  from  Nevada.  There  were  no 
herds  of  Big  Types  in  Glenn  County,  and  my  herd  soon  became  known,  the  result  being 
at  the  present  time  there  are  over  25  herds  now  in  the  county.  We  have  exhibited  at  the 
various  State  Fairs,  winning  our  share  of  ribbons.  My  first  sale  in  1919,  averaged  .15206. 
In  January,  1921,  80  head  averaged  $7.5.60.  My  chief  herd  boar  is  Yates  Big  Jones 
113865.      Stock  for  sale  at  reasonable  prices.      Visitors  welcome. 

R.  J.  YATES  ORLAND.  Glenn  Co.,  CALIFORNIA 


JOHN  H.  BUNTEN  Jr.,  Danville,  Indiana 

BREEDER  OF 

Big  Type  Poland  Chinas  and 
Polled  Durham  Cattle 

We  have  one  of  the  leading  herds  of  Poland  Chinas  in  the  state. 
Herd  is  headed  by  HIGHLANDER  107729  by  The  Clansman  103903. 
Dam,  G's  Lady  Buster  -Ith  221026.  This  great  boar  was  one  of  the 
greatest  show  boars  ever  exhibited  at  the  Indiana  State  Fair. 

We  have  been  raising  Poland  Chinas  for  over  20  years.  We  think  we 
now  have  the  greatest  line  up  to  offer  you,  in  our  experience.  The  blood 
of  Giant  Buster  "The  Epoch  Maker"  flows  freely  thru  our  herd,  com- 
bined with  Titanic  Giant  and  others. 

Our  farm  is  8  miles  west  of  Danville,  and  28  miles  west  of  Indianapolis. 
Visitors  we'.come,  stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 

JOHN  H.  BUNTEN,  Jr. 

DANVILLE  -:-  -:-  INDIANA 


—THE 


Sunflower  Herd 


OF- 


PHESTON  r.  DUBACH 


SUPERIOR 
POLAND  CHINAS 


B 


VERNON  M.  DUBACH 


Indiana's  Giant  304243...HERD  SIRES-Clanster  385243 

We  want  to  know  your  wants.     Something  for 
sale  at  all  times.     Visitors  welcome. 

—OUR  SPECIALTIES- 
BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS  BIG  RED  JUICY  APPLES 

THE  DUBACH  RANCH 


WATHENA 


KANSAS 


RIVERVIEW   STOCK    FARM 

Breeders  of  Advanced  Type  Poland  Chinas 
Something  a  little  better,  we  have  it. 
Something  a  little  bigger,  we  have  that  too. 

The   latest  and   most   popular  blood  lines,   fed,   bred   and   priced,   to  make 
you   money. 

When  better  hogs  are  raised  we  will  raise  them,  or  buy  some. 
Correspondence  solicited.     Satisfaction  guaranteed. 


C.  S.  Rice 


Muscotah,  Kansas 


GEORGE-WASHINGTON  FARMS 

Radiator  can  hardly  be  equaled.     He  is  the  supreme  Poland 

China  Boar." 
Dodd's  Invader  is  the  sensation  of  the  times.     He  is  only  a 

yearling  but  is  the  marvel  of  all  who  see  him. 
The  females  of  our  herd  are  of  the  same  class. 
Herd  boars  prospects,   and  females  of  the  highest  class,  for 

sale  at  all  times  at  private  treaty. 
J.  W.  Schmitt  GEORGE- WASHINGTON  FARMS         Mankato,  Minn. 

217 


Henry  Arens,  Jordon,  Minnesota 


—BREEDER  OF— 

Bi^  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Our  sows  are  of  the  very  prolific 
strain.  We  pride  ourselves  on  our 
superior  sires. 

Stock  For  Sale  at  Reasonable  Prices 

You  Are  Always  Welcome 


Henry  Arens,  Jordon,  Minnesota 


Ernest  J.  Beihoffer,  Glencoe,  Minnesota 

—BREEDER  OF— 

THE  LARGE,  SMOOTH 

POLAND  CHINAS 

A  Herd  With  A  Character 

We  have  satisfied  a  great  many 
others,  why  not  you?  Try  us  for 
up-to-date  breeding  and  individual 
merit. 

Ernest  J.  Beihoffer,  Glencoe,  Minnesota 


Beuch  Brothers 

Breeders  of 

BIG  TYPE 

POLAND  CHINAS 


Satisfied  customers  our 
biggest  asset. 

We  have  the  hogs,  the  right 
kind,  winners    and   producers. 

We  do  our  best  to  please  you. 

Stock  for  sale  at  prices  reason- 
able. 

You  are  always  welcome  to 
visit  us,  make  your  own  selec- 
tions. 


BEUCH  BROS. 

Prior  Lake  _  _  _  Mini 


Martin  Johnson  &  Fred  Evenson 

Litchfield,  Minnesota 
BREEDERS  OF 

MAMMOTH 

Poland  Chinas 

T^HE    combination    of   effort 
-■-  to  fill  your  wants.  We  strive 
to  please.    We  do  please. 

We  employ  the  most  up-to- 
date  blood  lines  in  our  breed- 
ing operations,  thus  giving  you 
every  opportunity  to  make  use 
of  our  years  of  experience  of 
growing  and  developing  breed- 
ing stock. 

Satisfaction  assured  with  each 
purchase. 

Call  on  us  or  write  your  wants. 

Address 

Martin  Johnson  &  Fred  Evenson 

Litchfield,  Minnesota 


23  Years  as  a  Breeder  oi  Poland  Chinas 

Our  herd  produced  many  of  the  champions  of  the 
northwest.  We  sold  the  highest  price  boar  in  the 
state,  Standard  Buster  354633,  selling  for  $8,000.  Our 
1920  bred  sow  sale  averaged  $306,  with  $1,025  top. 

At  the  head  of  our  herd  is  Liberator  Bob  378293, 
one  of  the  greatest  sons  of  Liberator.  Also  using 
Minneapolis  Wonder  443336  by  Sheldon  Wonder,  out 
of  Buster's  Beauty  the  1st  prize  and  Junior  Champion 
sow. 

Our  farm  is  located  si.x  miles  west  of  Minneapolis 
on  Superior  Blvd.  Telephone  from  Minneapolis, 
Orchard  9046W. 

Visitors  always  welcome.  Stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 
Correspondence  invited. 

C.  F.  GUMMERT 

HOPKINS,  -  -  -  MINNESOTA 


A.  E.  BOSTIC,  Pipestone,  Minnesota 

—BREEDER  OF— 

BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS 

Stock  for  sale  at  any  time,  at  prices  within  keeping  of  the  times.    Satisfac- 
tion assured.     Best  of  breeding,  correctly  grown,  to  meet  the 
demands  of  farmer  and  breeder.     Write  your  wants. 


A.  E.  BOSTIC,  Pipestone,  Minnesota 


J.  M.  GLASIER,  St.  James,  Minnesota 

Our  herd  has  been  one  of  the  most  successful  prize 
winning  Poland  China  herds  in  the  Northwest. 
Superior  sires  and  dams  head  our  herd.  Mail  orders 
given  special  attention.  Visit  our  farm  and  make 
your  own  selections.  Boars  from  our  herd  are  at  the 
head  of  some  of  the  leading  herds  in  the  state. 

J.  M.  GLASIER,  St.  James,  Minnesota 


BUSSE  BROTHERS 

STAYTON,  MINNESOTA 

Breeders  of 

Bi^  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Herd  headed  by  Hesperian  Bob  118055,  Busse's  Evolu- 
tion 444079,  Prospect  Giant  366837,  The  Invincible 
King  327783. 

Our  annual  sales  have  been  among  the  highest  averaging 
sales  of  the  state.  Our  herd  boars  have  been  winners  at 
many  of  the  good  shows.  We  have  made  selections  from 
the  most  prominent  families  for  our  sow  herd. 

Visitors  welcome.     Young  stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 

BUSSE  BROTHERS 

(A.  F.  and  A.  A.) 

STAYTON,  -  -  MINNESOTA 

THE  HESPERIAN  HERD  OF 

POLAND  CHINAS 

One  of  the  leading  herds  in  the  state,  and  the 
original  home  of  Hesperian  Wonder  358693. 

At  the  head  of  our  herd  is  King  Joe's  Orange 
430773  by  Hesperian  Wonder.  We  also  have  a  son 
of  King  of  Giants,  he  by  Peter  the  Great. 

Our  first  sale  averaged  $201  on  40  bred  sows.  We 
have  been  successful  winners  at  the  Jackson  County 
Fair. 

If  you  are  looking  for  choice  individuals  of 
modern  type,  and  at  prices  that  are  within  reach, 
our  address  is, 

B.  O.  RUE 

LAKEFIELD,  -  MINNESOTA 


JOHN  CONZEMIUS  &  SONS,  LEO  (rear),  GEORGE  (right),  ALBERT  (center) 

PLEASANT  VALLEY  FARM,  POLAND  CHINAS 

Herd  headed  by  STANDARD  BUSTER  354633  bv  Evolution.  Winner  of  1st 
in  class  as  pig,  Indiana  State  Fair,  and  1st  Minnesota  State  Fair  1920. 

Our  brood  sows  represent  top  breeding  and  show  winning. 

We  believe  in  growing  nothing  but  the  best,  treat  our  customers  right,  and 
showing  by  our  winnings  the  right  to  claim  a  share  of  your  patronage. 

Our  customers  are  our  best  boosters. 

HASTINGS,  MINN. 


JOHN  CONZEMIUS  &  SONS 


BRUGMANN  BROTHERS 

WINDOM,  MINNESOTA 

Proprietors  of 

Hillbrook «««» Echo  Grove  Stock  Farms 

We  have  one  of  the  largest  herds  in  the  state.  Our  annual 
sales  have  been  among  the  high  averaging  sales  of  the  state. 
It  was  from  our  herd  that  the  great  boar  Big  Price's  Bob 
emanated,  going  to  Converse  &  Son  of  Arlington,  S.  D., 
later  to  South  America  and  sold  there  at  a  record  price. 

Our  brood  sows  are  of  the  800  pound  kind.     Very  prolific. 

Among  the  great  herd  boars  used  in  our  herd  were  Long- 
fellow Expansion  81250,  Progressive  Kind  81257  and  Big 
Price  Bob  88798.  We  have  in  our  herd  now,  Nemesis  and 
Nemesis  2d,  sons  of  Col.  Price,  a  first  prize  boar  South 
Dakota;  Super  Bob  and  Big  Price  Bob  2d. 

Young  stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 

BRUGMANN  BROTHERS 

(MAX  and  PETER) 

WINDOM,  -  -  -  MINNESOTA 


E.  HUPP,  Windom,  Minn. 

Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 


We  strive  to  grow  the  best,  and  thus  are 
assured  of  satisfying  you. 

Correspondence   invited  and  given 
prompt  attention. 


E.  HUPP,  Windom,  Minnesota 


FRED  LARSON,  Winnebago,  Minnesota 

—BREEDER  OF  SUPERIOR— 


POLAND   CHINAS 

ur  herd  commands  attention  by  virtue  of  its  importance  : 

breed  improvement.     Your  wants  carefully 

looked  after.     Prices  reasonable. 

FRED  LARSON,  Winnebago,  Minn. 


E.  KILAN  &  SON,  Jackson,  Minnesota 

—BREEDERS  OF  MODERN— 

POLAND  CHINAS 

o/  the  Big  Type,  Big  Litter,  kind 

Our    herd  kept  strictly  up-to-the-minute  in  the  infusion  of 
up-to-date  breeding.     Write  your  wants. 

E.  KILAN  &  SON,  Jackson,  Minn. 


(Our  Latch  String  Hangs  Out  to  All  Lovers  of  Good  Livestock) 


WALKERAGRES 

(Established  in  1857) 

Poland  China  Swine 
Holstein-Friesian  Cattle 

We  do  not  breed  many,  but  the  right  kind. 
A  visit  will  convince  you. 


Chief  herd  boar  is  Colonel  Bob,  Jr. 
Chief  herd  bull  is  King  Colantha  Ormsby  Bess  14th. 


The  herd  sows  are  by  Big  Price's  Equal  235239,  Big  Price  243333 
the  Nebraska,  Kansas,  Minnesota  and  South  Dakota  Champion  1915; 
World's  Grand  Champion  1920  Liberator  Leader,  and  1st  prize  Junior 
Yearling  Liberator  Buster,  National  Swine  Show  1920;  Black  Wonder, 
1st  prize  aged  boar  Minnesota  1919,  and  sons  of  World's  Grand 
Champion  Black  Price  and  Winning  Timm. 

CHARLES  E.  WALKER 

GLENCOE,  MINNESOTA 


Louis  Stifter  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 

Developing  one  of  the  leading  herds  of 

POLAND  CHINAS 

in  the  state 

We  are  at  your  service,  giving  you 
the  best  in  blood,  individual  merit, 
and  at  prices  at  which  you  can 
make  money. 

Louis  Stifter  Howard  Lake,  Minn. 


A.  C.  Martin 

Fairmont,  Minn. 

Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND 

CHINAS 

We  strive  to 

please  you. 

Stock   for  sale  at  reason- 

able  prices. 

Visitors  welcome.                                                     11 

A.  C.  Martin 

Fairmont,  Minn. 

Andrew  J.  Maloney 

Mankato, 

Minn. 

Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Stock  for  sale  at    all    times.     Satisfaction    assured. 
Prices  reasonable.     \'isitors  welcome. 

Andrew  J.  Maloney 

Mankato, 

Minn. 

James  Janovsky,  Le  Sueur,  Minn. 


Our  herd  is  one  of  the  leading  herds  of 
POLAND  CHINAS  in  the  state.  We 
have  a  large  patronage  from  leading 
breeders.     Up-to-date  breeding  only. 


Correspondence  solicited 


INSPECTION    OF    THE    HERD    WELCOMED    AT  ANY  TIME 

James  Janovsky,  Le  Sueur,  Minn. 


JOHN  H.  HOFFMAN,  WILMONT,  MINN. 

BREEDER  OF 

Big  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Herd  headed  by  Liberator  Lad  445511  by  Liberator  Buster  375555 
the  1st  prize  Junior  Yearling  National  Swine  Show  1920. 

Also,  Jumbo  Boy  445509  by  Smooth  Jumbo  360B17  the  1st  prize 
Junior  yearling,  and  Grand  Champion  boar,  Minnesota  1920. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all  times.        Visitors  welcome.  Information  given. 

JOHN  H.  HOFFMAN,  Wilmont,  Minnesota 


ORCHARD  LAWN  FARM,  POLAND  CHINAS 

Home  of  Clansman  Lady  234678,  one  of  the  greatest  sows  produced. 

Boars  used  in  the  herd;  Designer's  Fashion  372757  bv  Designer;  Master's  Giant  314141 
by  Grandmaster;  Boars  now  in  service;  Liberty  Buster  372759  bv  Liberty  Bond,  dam  by 
Giant  Buster;  Highstander  428841  by  The  Leader.. 

Our  brood  sows  are  our  pride.  Daughters  of  Liberator,  Designer,  Tlie  Clans- 
man, Excelsion,  Fashion  Master,  Mankato  Wonder,  Orange  Bo\-,  Big  Timm, 
Harrison's  Big  Bob,  Rainbow,  Caldwell's  Big  Bob. 

Stock  for  sale.     Special  prices  on  our  1921  models. 

E.  H.  HARDERS,      :-:       Luverne,  Minn. 


JAY  A.  KASPER  &  SON 

MEDFORD,    MINNESOTA 

Proprietors  of 

Burr  Oak  Stock  Farm 

Among  some  of  the  important  boars  used  in  our  herds  are, 

Long  Big  Bone  356681 
Burr  Oak  Wonder  326481 
and  Steele  County  King  412611 

We  have  been  very  successful  winners  at  the  Steele 
County  shows. 

The  fall  of  1920  we  won  in  the  County  show: 

1st  and  Grand  Champion  on  Aged  Boar. 
1st  and  Grand  Champion  on  Junior  Yearling  Sow. 
1st  Aged  Herd. 
1st  Senior  Yearling  Sow. 
1st  Senior  Sow  Pig. 
Besides  many  other  ribbons  from  2nd  to  5th. 


COL.  BOB  373127 

By  Big  Bob  212613,  out  of  Wonder  Lucy  652336  by 
Long  Big  Bone  227069,  First  Prize  Senior  Yearling 
Minnesota  State  Fair  1920,  heads  our  herd.  He 
stands  42  inches  high,  86  inches  long,  and  weighs 
over  1,000  pounds. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all  times.  We  believe  in  culling 
close  and  offering  nothing  but  the  tops.  We 
euarantee  satisfaction. 


JAY  A.  KASPER  &  SON 

MEDFORD,  -  MINNESOTA 


BROOKSIDE  STOCK  FARM 

MODERN  BIG  TYPE 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Herd  headed  by  Brookside  Joe,  by  High- 
land Big  Joe. 

Sows  in  herd  by  Mc's  Big  Price,  The  Big 
Wonder,  Col.  Price,  Standard  Chief,  Big 
Price,  and  Return  Col. 

We  are  founding  our  herd  on  individual 
merit.  They  must  be  producers.  We  sell 
at  prices  within  reach  of  everyone. 

LOUIS  LOEFFLER 


EAGLE  LAKE, 


MINNESOTA 


HILLCREST  HERD 

POLAND  CHINAS 

BOARS  IN   SERVICE: 

EQUAL  PRICE  373545  by  the  four  times  Grand  Cham- 
pion Big  Price's  Equal. 

ROYAL  PRICE  325459,  a  full  brother  to  the  National 
Swine    Show,    1918,    Grand    Champion    Black    Price. 

No  sales.    Stock  sold  at  private  sale.    Satisfaction  assured. 

EMIL  MATSON 

WILLMAR  -  MINNESOTA 


lAU'S  BIG  TYPE  POIAND  CHINAS 

Springdale  Liberator  by  Liberator  Buster,  and  Guardian 

Wonder  by  Sheldon  Wonder,  head  a  herd  of  choice  sows  by 
the  World's  Grand  Champion  Black  Price,  Jumbo  Bob,  Liber- 
ator's Buster,  Farver's  Ideal,  Hancherdale  Orange. 

We  have  several  very  attractive  prospects  in  this  year's 
crop.     Prices  very  reasonable.    Satisfaction  as- 
sured.    Come,  write,  or  phone. 

H.  C.  LAU,         :-:         Tracy,  Minnesota 


KRITZECK   BROS. 

Breeders  of  iModern  Big  Type 

Poland  Chinas 

JVe    have  one  of  the  greatest  show  herds 
of  the  North  and  West, 

D'^   D-'^^V    l^^^^l     WAS  4  TIMES  A  GRAND 

Dig  rrice  s  tqual  champion 


Liberator's   Leader 

The  World's  Grand  Champion    1 QOH 

NOW  HKAnS  OUR   HERD  l.iJLd\J 


If  you  want  the  kind  that  win  and  breed  on,  produc- 
ing the  kind  that  meet  the   requirements  of  the 
American  Corn-belt  Farmer,  we  have  them. 

Prices  very  reasonable.    Mail  Orders 
a  specialty.     Meet  us  at  the  Fairs. 

KRITZECK  BROS. 

Howard  Lake  -  -          Minnesota 


Howard  Lake,  Minn. 


Space  prevents  the  enumeration  of 
our  great  list  of  premiums  won  in  the 
strongest  competition  of  the  world. 

Our  herd  has  never  taken  a  step  back- 
ward; we  are  going  forward.  When 
better  Poland  Chinas  are  produced 
we  will  either  be  in  on  the  "helping" 
or  purchase  the  best  specimens.  Do 
not  forget  the 

WORLD'S  GRAND 
CHAMPION  BOAR 

LIBEBATOB'S  LEADER 

Is  In  Our  Herd 

This  indicates  our  ability  to 
select  for  you,  herd  heading 
material.  We  guarantee 
each  selection  and  purchase. 

KRITZECK  BROS. 

Howard  Lake  -        -  Minnesota 


L.  A.  PETERSON,  EAGLE  LAKE.  MINNESOTA 

ORCHARD  LAWN  STOCK  FARM 

Our  Specialty:— Big  Type  Poland  Chinas  at  Private  Sale 


L.   A.   PETERSONl 
Boars  that  have  helped  make  this  herd  a  success  are: 

Mankato  Standard  302541   by  Mankato  Wonder  245891 
Orange  Big  Bone  433777  by  Mankato  Standard  302541 
Typesetter  433779  by  St.  Paul  357305  (now  in  service) 
Bonus  447957  by  St.  Paul  357305.     Wonder  Bob  433781. 

Good,  big,  stretchy  spring  pigs  for  sale.     Satisfaction  guaranteed. 

LA.  PETERSON    -    EAGLE  LAKE,  MINN. 


WALTER  PFIRL,  Worthington,  Minn. 

—BREEDER  OF— 

Big  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Stock  for  sale        Write  your  wants 


ROLLING  VIEW  STOCK  FARM 

BIG  TYPE   POLAND   CHINAS 


Herd  headed  by  CHIEF  GUARDSM.\N'S  WONDER,  by  The 
Guardsman,  out  of  Mankato  Wonder  dam. 

My  stock  have  been  heavy  winners  at  the  local  and  state  shows. 
If  you  are  looking  for  the  big  ones,  modern  in  type,  at  prices 
reasonable,  visit  our  herd. 


GLEN  C.   MAINE 


Glen  C.  Maine,  Amboy,  Minn. 


CREEK  VALLEY  FARM 


The  Pioneer  Herd  of  Poland  Chinas 
in  Jackson  County 

Herd  headed  by  ORANGE  PROSPECT 
by  Giant  Prospect,  out  of  an  Orange  sow. 

He  stands,  at  10  months  old,  35  inches  high. 
64  inches  long,  heart  55,  flank  56. 

We  have  young  stock  for  sale  at  any  time. 
Visitors  always  welcome.  Our  prices  are  in 
keeping  with  the  times. 

OLE  L.  LARSON 

HERON  LAKE,  MINNESOTA 

ED.  T.  ROGGE,  Boyd,  Minnesota 

—BREEDER  OF— 

POLAND    CHINAS 

Of  the  most  Improved  Type 
Write  Your  Wants  We  Please 


WM.  A.  SHARP     .    Winnebago,  Minnesota 

— Breeder  of  Big  Type — 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Your  wants  fully  satisfied.     We  give  more  for  the 
money.     Try  us  and  see. 

WM.  A.  SHARP     .    Winnebago,  Minnesota 


W.J.GRAHAM&SONS 


Wavcrly,  Minn. 

We  show  and  sell  more  hogs  than  any  other  firm  in  the  Northwest.  Our 
herd  has  always  been  an  outstanding  prize-winning  herd.  We  list  a  Tew  of  the 
awards. 


W.  J.  GR/VHAM 


1918 


t   prize 

yoiingr 

herd. 

t   prize 

>oung 

herd   1 

r.d 

by   exhiL 

itor. 

t   prize 

get  of 

sire. 

t   prize 

prortuc 

e  of  da 

m. 

t   prize 

sow    p 

g    unde 

r    0 

months. 

rt    prize 

sow   p 

is  und 

-r  6 

months. 

A   prize 

boar  pig  und 

er  6 

months. 

nior  Champion   sow. 

h  D.-ik< 

tn  Stat 

e  Fair. 

1918 

t   prize 

young 

herd. 

t   prize 

young 

herd    bred 

by   exhi 

St  prize  get   of  sire. 

St  prize  produce   of  dam. 

St  prize  sow    under    G    fionths. 

nd  prize  sow  pig  under  6   months. 

nd  prize   boar  pig  under  6  months. 


Shci 


n;  191S 

earling   boar. 


•ird   prize   produce   of  dam. 
Grand  Champion  boar. 


1919 


la   StH<e  Fair,  Iflin 

ize  young  herd. 

ize   young    herd    bred    li 

ize  Futurity   litter. 
ize   get    of    -sire. 
ize  produce   of  dam. 
ize  sow  under  1  year. 
id  3rd  prize  boars  und; 
a   St'.i  prize  lioars  unde 
Kl    Bth    prize    sow    pigs 


Swine   .Sliotv,    1 

ize  Futurity  lit 
ze  young  herd 
ze  herd  bred  b; 
ze  get  of  sire, 
ize  produce  of  : 
ze  boar  under  1 
d    Hh   prize   boa 


Soiilli  Dalvotn  State  Fair,  1919 

1st   prize   Futurity    litter. 

1st  iir!ze   young   herd. 

1st  prize   young    herd    bred    by 

1st  prize  get   of  sire. 
1st   prize   produce  of  dam. 
1st  and  2nd  prize  sows   under 
2nd  and  3rd  prize  boars  under 


1st     and     4th     p 

months. 
Jr.   Champ,   boar 


ize  sows  unde 
ze  boars  unde 
ind  Jr.  Champ.  ; 


ortli    nnktita   State   Fair,  1919 

1st   prize   boar   under   6   months. 
1st   prize   sow    under   6   nionths. 


1st   pri 


Fair,  1019 

Dar  under  fi 


1       3 

, 

^ 

THE  SONS  OF  THE  FIRM 


LIBERATOR  BUSTER,  the  first  prize  junior  yearling 
of  the  World,  1920,  heads  our  herd.  He  is  making  his 
mark  where  others  left  off. 

Watch  the  reports  of  the  big  shows  tor  1921  and  note  the  winnings  of  this 
great  boar. 

We  have  stock  for  sale  at  all  times.  We  do  a  large  Mail  Order  business, 
as  well  as  public  sales.  We  are  offering  the  get  of  LIBERATOR  BUSTER, 
CHEVALIER  and  THE  ELEPHANT.  Prices  reasonable.  Satisfaction  guaran- 
teed.    Visit    our   herd.     Adjoins    the    city    limits. 

W.J.GRAHAM&SONS 

Waverly,  Minn. 


Park  Valley  Bi^  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Our  Herd  Carries  the  Leading  Blood  Lines 


A.  J.  SPARKS 


STACY  H.  SPARKS 


BOARS  IN  SERVICE  are 
Rainbow  Bob  404293,  a 
line  bred  Big  Bob,  weigh- 
ing about  1000  pounds  in 
breeding  condition. 

Park  Valley  Liberator 
113111  by  Liberator.  An 
outstanding  yearling  with 
lots  of  pep. 

Clansman  Giant  424S8S,  a 
grandson  of  The  Clans- 
man and  Korver's  Orange 
Wonder.  Stands  43  inches 
bigh  as  a  yearling. 

High  Check  by  Checkers, 
a  very   promising  pig. 


Our  brood  sows  are  daughters  of  the  following  boars:  The  Clansman,  Liberator, 
Liberator  Buster,  The  Elephant,  Checkers,  Orange  Boy,  Korver's  Orange  Wonder, 
Long  Wonder,  Big  Price  Bob,  Wisconsin  Orange,  D's  Giant,  Rainbow  Bob  and  Park 
Valley  Liberator. 

YOUNG  STOCK  FOR  SALE  AT  ALL  TIMES 


A.  J.  Sparks  &  Son 


Lakefield,  Minn. 


FOREST  L,  WILLIAMS 

ELYSIAN,  MINN. 
Breeder  of  Big  Type 

Poland  Chinas 


Herd  headed  by  the  very  latest  in  blood 
lines.  We  have  size  and  finish  demanded 
by  the  modern  pork  producers  and 
breeders. 

Address 
FOREST  L.  WILLIAMS 


ELYSIAN 


MINNESOTA 


JOHN  REESE 

CLARKSFIELD 

Minnesota 

BREEDER  OF  THE 

Large  Utility 

Poland  Chinas 

The  kind  that  get  big  and 
are  quick  maturing.  Our 
hogs  are  making  money 
for  many  others;  they  will 
for  you. 

We  have  something  for 
sale  at  all  times  at  prices 
that  are  reasonable  and 
fair. 

Visitors  welcome.  Correspond- 
ence invited  and  given  prompt 
attention. 

JOHN  REESE 

CLARKSFIELD  MINNESOTA 


Thirty-five  Years  a 
Breeder  of 

Poland  Chinas 

In  Minnesota 


Our  herd  has  been  the  fountain  head  for  many  herds  o"" 
the  state  and  the  northwest.  We  have  made  the  production 
of  good  Poland  China  breeding  stock  the  leading  factor  of 
our  farming  operation. 

Such  boars  as  the  following,  will  be  remembered  by  many 
as  leading  sires  of  the  state,  used  in  our  herd;  Mollie's  Jum- 
bo 244203,  Goliath  Chief  244199,  Long  Joe's  Equal  361681, 
Long  Black  Joe  265491,  A  Big  Wonder  196369,  Silkey's 
Longfellow  184967,  Square  Jumbo  210475,  Long  Black  Jones 
210473,  Chief  Wonder  131479. 

AT  PRESENT  WE  HAVE 

Lakeview  Giant  416827     Goliath  Buster  431481 
Rainbow  Jr.  431483 

Lakeview  Giant  is  a  massive  boar  weighing  close  to  1000 
pounds  as  a  two  year  old.  Stands  on  a  eleven  inch  bone, 
44  inches  high,  and  over  7  feet  long.  He  is  a  full  brother  to 
the  Sioux  City  Inter-State  Grand  Champion  1920. 

Breeding  Stock  For  Sale  Thruout  the   Year 

Correspondence  Invited.     Visitors 

Always  W^elcome 

L.  T.  SILKEY  &  SON 

Smith's  Mill,  Minn. 


ySTM.  >VIEST 

Le  Sueur,  Minnesota 


25 


YEARS  A  BREEDER   IN 
MINNESOTA 


We  have  used  boars  in  our  herd  from  the  Tecumseh's,  Meddlers, 
Thickset's  and  other  medium  type  hogs,  but  for  the  past  fifteen  years 
have  had  nothing  but  the  very  largest  of  Big  Types. 

Matchless  Expansion  257821  by  Dorr's  Expansion;  and  Minnesota 
Long  Price  311579  by  Big  Price's  Equal  [four  times  a  Grand  Champion] 
head  my  herd.     They  are  boars  of  unusual  high  character. 

We  sell  at  private  sale,  and  guarantee  to  please 
our  customers.  If  you  want  the  big  ones  with 
quality,    and    at    prices    reasonable,    address, 

WM.  WIEST,  -  Le  Sueur,  Minn. 


BEN  VASKE     -     Windom,  Minn. 

— Breeder  of  Modern — 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Stock  for  sale.     Visitors  welcome. 
Satisfaction  assured. 

BEN  VASKE      -     Windom,  Minn. 


Sonnicksen's  Poland  Chinas 

Are  the  kind  to  tie  to.  We  can 
fill  your  orders  for  the  big,  long, 
stretchy  ones. 

F  is  iters  welcome 

Lloyd  W.  Sonnicksen    -    Winnebago,  Minn. 


STEEL^S  POLAND  CHINAS 

The  big,  prolific  utility  kind  that  make 
money  for  the  grower.  We  have  the 
leading  blood  lines  in  our  herd  and 
can  supply  your  wants. 


D.  J.  STEEL 


Mankato,  Minn. 


F.  A.  LANE,  Independence,  Missouri 

—BREEDER  OF— 

BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS 

FOUNDATION  SOWS  BY 

FESSY'S  TIMM,  BIG  BOB  WONDER,  BLUE  VALLEY 

We  own  the  Grand  Champion  Sow  of  Oklahoma  1920. 
Young  stock  for  sale  at  all  times.  Farm  near  town  on  rock  road. 

F.  A.  LANE  ->  -:-  Independence,  Missouri 


ARCHIE  T.  ANDERSON 

\  isitors  always   welcome. 


ARCHIE  T.  ANDERSON 

ST.  JOSEPH,  MISSOURI 

■ — The  Home  of — 

Cook's  Liberty  Bond 


One  of  the  greatest  boars  that  ever  lived. 
He  sires  a  type  all  of  his  own.  He  trans- 
mits outstanding  individuality,  breed 
character,  and  type. 

Our  sow  herd  is  equally  as  important. 
We  have  daughters  of 

W's  Giant       The  Giant 

Liberator        The  Clansman 
Surprise  Prospect 

Sows  with  Great  Size  and  Uniformily. 


Farm   five  miles  from  heart  of  the  city.     Ap- 
pointments met.      Address 


ARCHIE  T.  ANDERSON 


ST.  JOSEPH 


Route  No.  4 


MISSOURI 


Leonard  Farm 

The  "RADIUM" 

of  the 


POLAND  CHINA  WORLD 


From  its  conception,  there  has  not  been  a  "hitch" 
in  the  progress  of  this  herd.  Many  outstanding 
herd  boars  and  their  offspring  are  a  living  testimony. 

Model  Big  Bob  274935;  Master  Orphan  272297 
(one  of  the  first  big-type  boars  to  command  as  much 
as  $1,000)  ;  Big  Tones  276531,  litter  brother  to  F.'s 
Big  Jones;  King"Ben  276533;  A  Buster  294253,  first 
prize  Senior  Yearling;  Disher's  Big  Defender  312379 
sold  for  $5,000;  are  a  few  of  the  testimonials. 

In  our  herd  now  are  two  of  the  greatest  boars  of 
the  breed,  W.'S  GIANT  251175,  TARZAN  429339. 

Our  herd  is  a  producer  of  show-winning  animals. 
In  the  1920  National  Swine  Show  classic  we  won 
the  following  premiums: 

First  prize  Junior  boar  pig.  Freckles  416333: 
third,  fourth  and  fifth,  premium  Junior  gilts;  Prin- 
cess 104546,  Fashion  Princess  104542,  and  Liberty 
Princess  104544. 

First  premium.  Young  Herd  farrowed  property  of 
exhibitor. 

Second,  Get  of  Sire,  Produce  of  Sow,  and  Young 
Herd. 

Our  sow  herd  is  equally  as  strong  as  the  boar 
herd.    We  own  the  following  celebrated  brood  sows : 

Jannie  Buster,  Princess  Pat,  Mary  Pickford, 
Titanic  Mildred,  Josie's  Giantess,  Giant  Lady.  De- 
fender's Lunker,  Lady  Big  Defender. 

From  the  pages  of  History  of  the  Breed,  will  be 
gleaned  the  names  and  information  of  the  great 
sows  we  have  used  in  our  herd. 

Visitors  always  welcome. 


SOL  L.  LEONARD 


Route  No.  4 


ST.  JOSEPH,  MO. 


PARKD  ALE'S 

PROLIFIC   POLAND   CHINAS 

PARKDALE  FARM 
INDEPENDENCE  -  MISSOURI 

My  great  show  and  breeding  herd  is  located  only 
twelve  miles  from  the  heart  of  Kansas  City  east  on 
the  National  Old  Trails  Highway.  Paved  road  all 
the  way  out.  I  am  always  pleased  to  have  visitors 
and  will  meet  you  in  the  city  by  appointment. 
Something  for  sale  at  all  times  and  satisfaction  ab- 
solutely guaranteed  or  money  refunded.  I  make  a 
specialty  of  delivering  pedigrees  promptly.  I  am 
devoting  my  entire  attention  to  the  mail  order  and 
private  sale  business  and  at  conservative  prices. 
Write  for  prices  and  descriptions.  All  correspond- 
ence cheerfully  and  promptly  answered. 

J.  R.  Adams  ITl  Independence,  Mo. 


Capps  The  "Climax" 

eacli  season  on  having  one  of  the  best  grown  and  developed  sale  offer- 
ings of  the  state. 

There  is  a  reason,  we  ha\c  nothing  but  the  best,  and  try  to  keep 
them  that  wa}-.  Good  blood  likes  good  feed  and  good  care.  \Ve  stri\'e 
to  give  them  all. 

For  this  season's  trade  (1921  and  1922)  we  offer  the  folloviiig 
blood  lines  and  ages. 

Spring  litters  by: 

W.'s  Giant,  King  Kole,  Cook's  Liberty  Bond,  Masterpiece,  The 
Guide,   Harrison's  Big  Bob,    Lil's  Clansman. 

They  are  out  of  daughters  of: 

Long  Joe,  Disher's  Giant  Again,  Fessy's  Timm,  Ott's  Big  King. 
Checktaker.  Big  Bob.  Gerstdale   Monster,  Giant  Buster. 

We  have  a  great  bunch  of  spring  and  fall  yearlings  by  .Master- 
piece, Harrison's  Big  Bob.  Yankee  Boy,  The  Phenom.  Coupon, 
Fessy's  Timm,  Pickford's  Liberator,  Revelation,  Emancipator. 

Our  farm  adjoins  the  city  limits.  Interurban  to  and  from  Kansas 
City  every  hour.  Watch  the  leading  Poland  China  Magazines  for 
sale  announcements. 

Ernest  L.  Capps  Liberty,  Mo. 


LIBERATOR  The  worlds  Premier  Boar 


Winnings  of  the  Get  of 

LIBERATOR 

AT  THE 

National  Swine  Show,  1920 


Record   of  a    Few  of  the  So«s  Pur- 
chased in  My  Bred  Sow  Sales, 
Bred  to  Liberator 


FASHION    GIRL   210444,  dam  of  LIBERATOR, 

wintersale  for   $17,200,   to  F    K 

Mo.       Mr.    McDermand 


McDerjuand,    Kan 


t^rst  on  junior  bDar  pig. 
Second   on   junior   yearling   sow. 
Third,   fourth  and  fifth  on  junior  sow  pi 
l-'irst  on   aged  lierd. 

Fir.st,  second  and  fourth  on  herd  bred  or 
r  e.\hibitor. 
First,  second  and  fourtli  on  get  of  sire 
First,  second  and  fourth  on  young  herd. 
First,  second  and  fifth  on  produce  of  dam 
Junior  champion  boar. 
Grand  champion  boar. 


Six  Super  Sires  Produced    and    Sold 

by  Us   That   Broke   (he  State 

Records  of  Six  Different 

States  as  Untried  Boars 

,J}}^y^'^}'^iP^-    ""Ifh,    1919,    son    of    LIBER- 
;1T*JK    and    Buster's    Best,    "Queen    of    Polands." 
ntroduction    to    breedi 


m  in  my  October 

rld's  record  price   of   $8,700. 

their    sale    at    Kans'is    Citv, 
brought  an  average  of   $1,045 
.s  since  been  refused  for  ! 
ae    junior   yearUng   at   National   .Swine   .Show 


to  Winn   &  Moore  tor 

bred  to 

January    19. 


the  choice  pigs  in  Fashi 
r.  I  sold  him  to  E.  A.  Wiggers.  I 
rs'  fall  sale  he  sild  fourteen  head  t 
' 'ilege  for  January  litters,  t 
averaged  over  $1,200  eacl 
Lnd  making  Mr.  Wicgers 
ive   the  cost  of  The  Pionee 


liart   Willi    The 


Jones,  this  last 
,000  for  The  Ca- 
CHANTICLEER    is    owned 


"t*  to  The  I'ioneer.  was 
D.   Jones,    Atkins,   Iowa. 
)0.      In   Mr.   Jones' 
bred  to  The   Cavalif 
_each.    and    two    spring    gilts    bre( 
'*''"'"    respectively 


nith. 


Flandreau. 

sold  his  dam,  G's  Bis  Liz.  in  my  1919  bred  sow 
sale,  to  Frank  Ryan,  Plankington.  .S.  D..  for  $.t2.". 
She  raised  Mr.  Rvan  an  outstanding  litter  of  six 
that  he  sold  in  his  sale  the  fall  of  1919  for  $13.- 
375.  Chanticleer  going  to  Mr.  Smith  at  $fi.60O. 
In  Mr.  Smith's  February  sale  this  year.  8ows  bred 
to  him  averaged  $876  each.  On  the  strength  of 
this  great  litter.  Mr.  Ryan  was  able  to  sell  G's 
Hig  I,iz,  the  dam  of  Chanticleer,  for  $5,000  at 
private   treaty. 

LIBERATOR  Bl'STER  is  a  litter  mate  to 
REVELATION,  and  sold  in  my  October  sale  to 
W.  J.  Graham  &  Son,  Howard  Lake.  Minn.,  for 
$6,100.  Mneteen  head  of  sows  and  gilts  in  their 
sale  held  January  31.  1920,  bred  to  Liberator 
Buster,  averaged  $637  each,  and  the  top  of  the 
sale.  $4,050,  was  paid  for  one  of  them.  Mr. 
Graham  declares  Liberator  Buster  to  be  the  great- 
est boar  he  has  ever  had  at  the  head  of  his  herd 
during  his  many  years  of  business.  This  great 
yearUng  ivas  first  prize  junior  yearling  boar,  and 
was  picked  for  grand  chamiwon  boar  by  many,  at 
the  National,   1920. 

SUPREMOS  has  demonstrated  the  breeiling 
nbihty  of  the  sons  of  LIBERATOR  in  the  herd  of 
R.  A.  Welch  &  Sons.  Red  Oak.  Okla.  In  their 
winter  sale,  February  17,  1920.  twenty-three  sows 
and  gilts  were  bred  to  Supremus  and  sold  for  an 
average   of    $381    each.      Mr.    


.T^S"?''  I-.'i^?;TI^'^S  3d  sold  bred  to  LIBER- 
ATOR for  $11,300  to  Colvert  Brothers,  O.xford, 
Indiana.  They  sold  her  htter  when  six  months 
old,    for   over    $15,000    cash. 

BUSTER'S  GEM  sold  for  $2,300  to  Ira  Gar- 
her  Fairview.  Mo.  He  sold  her  htter  by  LIBElt- 
ATOk  at  six  months  of  age  for  close  to  $5,000 
and  retained  the  top  boar  pig  to  head  his  herd. 

G.'S  BIG  LIZ  222774  sold  for  $550  to  Frank 
R>an,  Plankington,  S,  D.  Mr.  Rvan  .sold  her  lit- 
ter of  si.x  in   his  fall  sale   for  a  TOTAL  OF   $13,- 


for   a   TOTAL 


Wis.       Mr.    Wrigley   sold 

;r  a  TOTAL  OF  $4,775. 

(Mr.   Scotter  informed  me  that  Miss  King  was  the 
only    sow    in    that   great   herd    not    for    sale    at   any 

BUSTER  CHIEFESS  sold  for  $1,450  to  Ora 
W.  Mead,  North  Henderson,  la.  Mr.  Mead  sold 
three  boars  in  his  fall  sale  from  her  for  $4,800. 
(Mr.  Mead  retains  the  choice  boar  in  his  herd 
and  has  refused  tempting  offers  for  him.) 

MAY  WONDER  212524  sold  for  $500  to  Hen- 
derson &  Beatty,  Sharpsville.  lnd.  They  sold  her 
litter  by  LIBERATOR  in  their  fall  sale  for  a 
TOTAL   OF    $4,120. 


for  a    TOTAL   of    $4,075. 


TOTAL  OF   $3,890. 


1919,  sale  for  a  general  average  of  $2,100  each; 
114  spring  pigs  by  LIBERATOR  sold  in  olght  dif- 
ferent states  for  a  total  of  $118,325,  an  average 


I  am  sure  that  the  above  concrete  facts  give 
an.  pie  proof  of  the  popularity  of  this  blood — a 
popularity  which  has  been  earned  by  merit.  What 
the  sons  of  LIBERATOR  have  done  for  others  they 
will   do    for  you.      Your  opportunity   ' 


the 


Glenwells  Poland  Chinas 

LH.  GLOVER,  Owner 

Office  600  Vic(or  Building 

KANSAS  CITY,  MISSOURI 
Farm  at  GRANDVIEW,  MO. 


THE  LEADER  TIIF    fl/ARK^     LIBERATOR  BUSTER 

by  Cook's  Liberty       inti    li/Ji^AI4»3         by  Liberator-Wonder 
Bond.  "The  Land  of  a  Million  Smiles"  Buster. 

Our  sow  herd  is  one  of  the  best  in  the  state.  Sired  by  Giant  Buster,  Big  Liberty  Loan, 
Wonder  Buster,  Liberator,  Cook's  Liberty  Bond,  Clansman,  Harrison's  Big  Bob,  Wedd's 
Long  King,  The  Pioneer. 

We  made  the  highest  average  on  pigs,  ever  sold  in  the  South.  We  grow  them  just  a 
little  larger,  and  just  a  little  better,  is  the  reason. 

We  are  willing  to  ship  on  approval.      Prices  right.     Satisfaction  assured. 

MAPLE  WAY  FARMS,    Falrview.  Missouri 

J.  W.  HOOPS  J.  O.  HAMMONS  IRA  A.  GARBER 


We  are  not  the  oldest  breeders  in  the  state,  but  s 
coming  to  the  front  mighty  fast,  as  breeders  of  the 
are  bringing  our  herd   unusual  attention. 

BELMONT  CLANSMAN  HI-JACKER 

By  By 

The  Clansman  out  of  Belmont  Jewell.  C  2  Ranger  out  of  Titanic  Lady 

The  brood  sows  we  are  reserving  in  our  herd  are  a  tried  and  proven  selection. 
They  are  by  Dominator,  Prairie  Giant.  King  Joe,  Timm  Wonder,  Giant  Disher, 
Giant  Senator  and  Disher's  Giant  Again. 

Visitors  welcome  at  any  time.     Correspondence  promptly  answered. 

RUSSELL  B.  YOUNG  -  -  HOLLIDAY,  MO. 


JAMES  Y.  BRANHAM.  PARIS,  MISSOURI 

An  exceptionally  richly-bred  and  well-developed  herd  of  Poland  Chinas. 
Not  the  product  of  one  good  boar,  but  the  combination  of  several  World 
Renown  Boars,  mated  to  equally  as  important  bred  sows.     We  have  litters, 
By  Dominator.  out  of  a  daughter  of  The  Yankee. 
By  Peter  Pan.  out  of  a  daughter  of  Disher's  Big  Defender. 
By  Wonder  Buster,  out  of  a  daughter  of  Smooth  Joe. 
By   Disher's   Giant   Again,    out   of  a   daughter   of    Harrison's   Big   Bob. 
By  Columbian  Giant,  out  of  a  daughter  of  Denny's  Giant. 
By  Superior  Giant,  out  of  a  daughter  of  Disher's  Giant  Again. 
By  Tarzan,  out  of  a  daughter  of  W.'s  Giant. 
By  Checkers,  out  of  a  daughter  of  W.'s  Giant. 
We  try  to  please  you,  in  providing  the  right  kind  of  an  animal,  and  selling 
at  a  price  within   reach  of   any  man. 

JAMES  Y.  BRANHAM,  PARIS,  MISSOURI 


James  D.  Reid  &  Son 

MASTER'S  MODEL  BOB  291235 

Nebraska's  Grand  Champion,  1918 
HEADS  OUR  HERD 

Among  the  prominent  boars  used  in  our  herd  are  the  following:  Col.  Jack 
Again  by  Col.  Jack;  Expansion  Sure  by  Expansion  Again;  Big  Chief  Jones  by 
Bloemendaal's  Big  Chief;  Reid's  Expansion  by  Dorr's  Expansion;  Ensign  Timm 
by   Designer;    Man   O'  War  by  Designer. 

Jumbo's  Beauty  564300,  our  great  producing  sow,  at  five  years  of  age, 
weighed  918  pounds,  and  at  seven  years  has  another  litter  at  side.  We  have 
the  largest  of  big  types. 

JAMES  D.  REID  &  SON,  Wakefield,  Nebr. 


CARMAN  &  SON'S 

Poland  Chinas 

Prize  Winners  in 
the  largest  shows 

Herd  headed  by 

THE  HIJACKER  88546 

By  Gerstdale  Monster,  out  of  Long 

Lady  by  Big  Orphan  2d,  The 

Second  Prize  aged    hoar 

Nebraska  State  Fair 

1920 

Our  herd  has  used  only  top 
boars  and  sows,  and  can 
offer  you  the  best  in  Po- 
land Chinas.  Our  prices 
are  most  reasonable.  Vis- 
itors welcome. 

J.  L.  Carman  6i  Son 

COOK  -  NEBRASKA 


LOUIS  J.  VOSS 

EMERSON,  NEBRASKA 

Breeder  of  the  large,  smooth,  easy  feeding 

Poland  Chinas 

Stock  for  sale — Visitors  welcome. 

LOUIS  J.  VOSS 

EMERSON  -  NEBRASKA 


SMITH  BROTHERS 

SUPERIOR,  NEBRASKA 

Our  herd  is  one  of  the  oldest  in  the  state. 
Our  father,  Albert  Smith,  was  one  of  the 
pioneer  breeders  We  have  only  taken  it 
up  where  he  left  off.  History  will  show  we 
have  been  among  the  foremost  breeders  in 
the  keeping  of  a  strictly  up-to-the-minute 
herd,  and  have  sold  many  of  the  prize  win- 
ning and  substantial  herd  heading  material 
in  the  state.      We  are  still  at  your  service. 

SMITH  BROTHERS 

Superior  -  -  Nebraska 


GRANDVIE  W  STOCK  FARM 


HERD  FOUNDED  IN  1903 


ROBERT  A.  SCHUG,  COLERIDGE,  NEBRASKA 


Among  the  leading  boars  used  in  my  lierd  arc  the 
following: 

Schug's  Great  Orphan  216263;  Schug's  Timm 
243867  by  Big  Timm;  Bob's  Quality  3d  281495  an 
outstanding  show  boar. 

We  now  have  BRIGHT  RAINBOW  418455  to 
head  our  herd.  He  is  a  great  rhassive  boar,  richly 
bred,  and  is  proving  an  outstanding  sire. 

My  herd  has  been  very  successful  in  the  show 
rings  of  the  big  shows.  We  won  Grand  Champion- 
ship Sow  1910,  Grand  Champion  Boar  1911,  and 
Grand  Champion  Sow  1918,  at  the  Interstate  Fair, 
Sioux  City,  Iowa. 

Breeding  stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 


ROBERT  A.  SCHUG 

COLERIDGE,  -  NEBRASKA 


Roberts  Brothers 

Pierce,  Nebr. 

Breeders  of  Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

We  maintain  one  of  the  leading 
herds  in  Nebraska.  The  blood  of 
the  following  boars  flow  freely 
thru  our  herd. 

Imperial  Buster 

by  Giant  Buster,  the  "Epoch  Maker" 

The  Comet 

an  excellent  son  of  The  Clansman, 
out  of  a  daughter  of  Big  Buster. 

King  Clansman 

by  The  Big  Clansman,  out  of  a 
daughteT  of  Iowa  King's  Best. 

Write  us  your  wants 

Roberts  Bros.,  Pierce,  Neb. 


H.  L  McKelvie  &  Sons,  Fairfield,  Nebr. 

BREEDER  OF  BIG,  PROLIFIC 
POLAND  CHINAS 

At   Present  We   Are   Using 

Mc's  Col.  Bob 

an  outstanding  son  of  the  Grand  Champion  Crofton's 
Col.  Bob  by  the  World's  Grand  Champion,  Caldwell's 
Big  Bob. 

He  is  assisted  by 

Big  Bob's  Equal 

By  Smooth  Jones,  from  a  Big  Bob  dam. 

We  have  made  a  specialty  of  mail  orders,  shipping 
hogs  to  nearly  every  state  of  the  Union.  We  have 
supplied  a  great  many  Pig  Clubs,  having  over  three 
hundred  spring  pigs  each  year  from  which  to  make 
selections. 

Our  sow  herd  carries  the  blood  of  Mc's  Masterpiece, 
Big  Timm,  Jumbo  Jr.,  Big  Price  and  others. 
Remember,  we  specialize  on  mail  orders.     Address 

H.  L  McKelvie  &  Sons,  Fairfield,  Nebr. 


Joseph  V.  Martinek,  Dodge,  Nebr. 

Breeder  of  Modern 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Let  us  know  what  you 
want.  We  can  fill  the 
bUl 

Joseph  V.  Martinek,  Dodge,  Nebr. 


John   Crofton    &   Son 

Breeders  of 

Champion  Poland  Chinas 


CROFTON'S   <OLO\KL,   BOB  300103 

Senior   and  Grand  Champion    Boar,    1919    Nebraska   State   Fair;    Senior    and    Orar 
Champion,  Kansas  State  Fair.  191?;  Second  Aged  Boar,  National  Swine  Show.  191 


We  grew  and  developed  this  wonderful  boar,  Crofton's 
Colonel  Bob  306105,  and  showed  him,  weighing  1,150  pounds, 
;d  the  Nebraska  State  Fair  in  1919,  winning  Senior  and  Grand 
L'hampionship  honors  in  tlie  greatest  class  ever  show  n  at  any 
Nebraska  State  Fair.  Old  breeders  pronounced  him  the 
greatest  individual  ever  show  n  at  Lincoln.  He  was  the  longest, 
tallest  and  heaviest  boar  for  his  age,  being  only  29  months  old 
when  shown.  The  great  brood  sows  that  we  have  retained 
in  our  herd  sired  by  him  proves  his  ability  as  a  super  sire 
and  are  ndfnired  by  al!  who  see  them  for  their  great  size  and 
fiualitv. 


We  have  at  the  head  of  our  herd  the  great  young  boar, 
The   ^■.•lnkec   Boy   380287.  one  of  the  largest,   smoothest  and 


JOHN  CROFTON 


VERNON  CROFTON 


greatest  breeding  sons  of  the  noted  boar.  The  Yankee  29S157. 
Pigs  sired  by  The  Yankee  Boy  380287  from  dams  by  the 
Grand  Champion  Crofton's  Colonel  Bob  306105,  are  the  best 
that  we  have  produced  during  the  21  years  that  we  have  been 
in  the  business.  In  our  October  20,  1920  sale  we  made  the 
third  highest  average  in  the  state  for  the  fall  sale  season  of 
1920,  and  boars  and  gilts  in  this  sale  sired  by  The  Yankee  Boy 
from  dams  sired  by  Crofton's  Colonel  Bob  were  responsible 
for  the  high  average  made  in  that  sale. 

Our  herd  sows  are  sired  by  such  noted  boars  as  Crofton's 
Colonel  Bob,  The  Yankee,  Check  Maker,  Big  Timm,  Designer, 
Greater  Omaha,  McCoy's  Big  Wonder.  The  Avalanche  and 
Best  Buster. 

We  are  still  living  on  the  Old  Homestead.  C1V2  miles  north- 
west from  Dorchester  that  Uncle  Sam  gave  my  father  51 
years  ago.  We  are  building  up  a  great  herd  of  Poland  Chinas 
and  expect  to  remain  in  the  business  as  long  as  wc  are  able 
to  feed  one  old  sow.  Respectfully  yours. 


JOHN  CROFTON  &  SON 
Dorchester,  Neb. 


Lundquist  Poland  Chinas 


At  your  service  for  the  large, 
useful  kind.  We  are  pleasing 
our  customers.  We  have  some 
extra  choice  young  stock  for  sale. 


OIop  Lundquist  -  Oakland,  Nebr. 
WIEBE'S  MAMMOTH 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Our  herd  is  among  the  foremost  in  the 
state.  We  make  an  effort  to  raise  the 
kind  that  make  the  money,  not  the  noise 
If  you  are  in  need  good  thrifty  breeding 
stock,  bred  right,  grown  right,  and  priced 
right,  this  herd  is  the  place  you  are  look- 
ing for. 

Address 

G.  A.  WIEBE  &  SONS 

BEATRICE  -  -  NEBRASKA 


BLUE  RIDGE  HERD 

—OF  BIG  TYPE— 

POLAND  CHINAS 


—HERD  HEADED  BY— 

Nebraska  King  434337 

We  bred  the  1920  Nebraska  Grand  Champion  Jumbo 
Timm  312527. 

Our  brood  sows  are  among  the  leading  sows  in 
the  state.  We  have  size  with  a  reasonable 
amount  of  quality.  Mail  orders  carefully 
handled,  and  satisfaction  fully  assured.        :        : 

G.  A.  KISSINGER 

MILFORD  -:-  -:-  -:-  NEBRASKA 


VON  FORELL  BROS.   HERD 

CHESTER,  NEBR. 

large  Type  jlic  Ncbfaskan 

Poland   Chinas  "'""™''        By  m  Yankee 

(The  Greatest  Boar  We  Have  Yet  Owned) 
Conservative  improvement  by  careful  line  breeding  on  known  foundation. 
A  good  herd  to  keep  in  touch  with.     Sell  at  auction  and  privately. 


JACOB  ETMUND,  Roca,  Nebraska 

Breeder  and  Showman   of 
the  most  improved  type  of 

POLAND   CHINAS 

Your  wants  are  given  the  most  careful  attention.     Our  herd  has  produced 
a  great  many  prize  winners. 

CALL  ON  US,  OR  WRITE 

JACOB  ETMUND,  Roca,  Nebraska 


B.  Hutchison,  Silver  Creek,  Neb. 

ALWAYS  AT  YOUR  SERVICE 

When  interested  in 

POLAND  CHINAS 


•  Visit  us.     Make  your  own  selections, 

j  or  if  entrusted  to  us  we  will  guarantee 

I  satisfaction. 


B.  Hutchison  Silver  Creek,  Neb. 


John  King,  Albion,  Neb. 

Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND 
CHINAS 


Your  wants  carefully  handled      Satisfaction 
assured 

JOHN  KING  ALBION,  NEB. 


WARD  SMITH'S 

POLAND  CHINAS 

A  Growing  Herd---A  Live  Herd 

We  keep  up  with  the  times.  We  satisfy 
our  customers.  If  you  need  a  boar,  a 
few  choice  gilts  or  a  bred  sow,  we  can 
supply  you  the  kind  you  want,  and  at 
prices  reasonable. 

Ward  Smith  Ithica,  Neb. 


Thompson's  Poland  Chinas 

Striving  always  to  keep  the  kind  you  want 
for  you  at  the  time  you  want  them.  Satis- 
faction assured.     Best  of  breeding. 

L  B.  Thompson  Friend,  Neb. 


JOHN  D.  HOLLIDAY  Orchard,  Nebr. 

Our  herd  is  the  pioneer  herd  of  Northwestern  Nebraska.  Chief  herd  boar 
is,  The  Pinnacle  389537  by  Liberator,  out  of  Bell  Buster.  We  have  recently 
added  Checkerator,  a  son  of  Checkers. 

We  have  shipped  hogs  into  nearly  every  state.  Our  public  auctions  have 
been  most  successful,  averaging  as  high  as  $156.  We  are  striving  to  grow 
better  hogs  each  year,  and  always  have  on  hand  surplus  animals  of  the  very 
highest  type.     Priced  reasonable.     Satisfaction  guaranteed. 

JOHN  D.  HOLLIDAY  Orchard,  Nebr. 


L.  L.  Hensley  &  Son 

Central  City,   Nebraska 
BREEDERS  OF 

BIG  TYPE 

POLAND  CHINAS 

Our  herd  is  large  and  ade- 
quate to  meet  your  re- 
quests. 

We  welcome  visitors. 

Mail  orders  are  carefully 
handled. 

You  will  find  we  have  one 
of  the  most  up-to-date 
herds  in  the  state. 

Address 

L.L.  HENSLEY  &  SON 

CENTRAL  CITY,  NEB. 


Hugo  H.  Olson,    Stromsburg,  Nebraska 

Not  the  most,   but  the  best 

We  are  trying  each  year  to  build  our  herd  just  a  Httle  stronger. 
We    are    very    well    satisfied    to    invite    your    inspection   and    patronage. 

BOARS  IN  SERVICE 

r  The   Rainbow 

Bright  Rainbow     I  329731 

418455              I  Orange  Blossom 

[  595202 

\   Schug's  Timm 
Rainbow  Timm     J         243867 

444743  I    Miss   Buccaneer 


725118 


HUGO  H.  OLSON 


Our  brood  sow  herd  is  made  up  of  the 

blood  of  Designer,  Big  Bob, 

and  Big  Timm. 


HUGO  H.  OLSON 

STROMSBURG  Polk  County  NEBRASKA 

A.  G.  MOUNTS,  Schuyler,  Nebraska 

Proprietor  of 

GRAYSON  PLACE  HERD  of  POLAND  CHINAS 


sale  only.     Write 


A.  G.  MOUNTS,  SCHUYLER,  NEBRASKA 


The  DESIGNER 
HERD 

Unparalleled  In  Its  Achievements 

30  Years  Breeding 
POLAND  CHINAS 

Herd  Headed  by  DESIGNER  93699,  the  Boar  Wonder 

Our  herd  is  one  of  the  very  oldest  herds  in  the  West. 
We  began  early  to  make  the  State  Fair  each  year  with 
a  string  of  our  best.  From  this  method  our  sales  in- 
creased with  our  ability  to  win  the  Champions.  We  have 
won  or  are  directly  responsible  in  winning  five  Grand 
Championship  boars,  BIG  VICTOR,  BIG  MISCHIEF. 
COLOSUS,  KING'S  HADLEY  and  BIG  URSUS. 

Our  herd  has  always  been  a  heavy  winner  wherever 
exhibited.  We  have  probably  bred  and  exhibited  more 
first  prize  winners  at  the  Nebraska  State  Fair  than  any 
other  herd  in  the  state. 

The  greatest  stroke  in  our  success,  was  in  the  pur- 
chase, November  6,  1919  of  Designer,  for  the  world's 
record  price,  $30,000,  cash.  No  boar  has  ever  so  clearly 
demonstrated  the  genuine  ability  of  a  true  sire,  as  did 
DESIGNER. 

D.  C.  LONERGAN  &  SONS 


fes5S?-i!;.^j;Sgw 


DESIGNER.  The  Marvelous 


The  public  is  the  best  critic.  They  were  equally  as 
positive  that  Designer  was  an  unparalleled  sire. 

January  17,  1920,  fifty  sows  averaged $1,375 

Augufet  17,  1920,  forty  sows  averaged $    508 

These  are  state  records  for  winter  and  summer  sales. 

From  August  1,  1919,  to  March  1,  1921,  220  head  of 
sows  bred  to  Designer  have  sold  at  public  auction  for  an 
average  of  $757.75,  a  total  of  $166,705.00. 

Our  verdict  after  30  years  raising  Poland  Chinas  is  to 
pick  a  DESIGNER.    They  will  win. 

There  are  more  sons  of  Designer  in  service  in  Nebraska 
in  advertising  herds  than  those  of  all  other  boars  com- 
bined.   "A  Good  Sign." 

There  will  be  more  Designers  shown  at  the  Nebraska 
State  Fair,  1921,  than  any  other  strain.  Another  over- 
whelming evidence  of  merit. 

This  herd  has  been,  and  is  ready  at  any  time  to  furnish 
any  good  farmer  with  high-class  breeding  stock  at  a 
figure  he  can  easily  reach. 


lorence  Sta.  ,Omaha,Neb. 


Olson 

's  Poland  Chinas 

Mammoth 

in  size 

Strong  in  prolificacy 

Keen  in  d 

smand 

Satisfaction 

assured 

John 

Olson 

Shickley, 

Neb. 

HARPER  PETERSON 

Gresham,  Neb. 

Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

We  won  1st  prize  senior  yearling  sow, 
Nebraska  State  Fair,  1920,  on  Daisy  P. 
274629  by  Nebraska  Leader,  out  of 
Daisy  Spot  by  the  grand  champion, 
Spots  Wonder. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all  times.  Visit  us. 

Harper  Peterson  Gresham,  Neb. 


JAMES  W.  HUTCHINSON 

ELGIN,  NEBRASKA 


JAMES  W.  HUTCHINSON 

Breeder  of  the  Big  Mellow  kind  with  lots  of  size  and  substance.  We 
have  made  a  specialty  in  prolificacy  apd  our  sows  farrow  extra  large 
even  litters. 

Why  not  buy  your  herd  boar  from  a  herd  that  pays  attention  to 
these  very  necessary  requirements  of  modern  Polandj^Chinas.  Our 
prices  are  very  reasonable,  and  satisfaction  assured. 

JAMES  W.  HUTCHINSON 

ELGIN,  -  -  NEBRASKA 


J.  C.  Mor ford's 

Poland  Chinas 

We  keep  the  best,  grow 
the  best,  and  sell  the  best. 
How  do  we  do  it?  Let 
us  show  you. 

J.  C.  Morford 

Beaver  Crossing         -         Nebraska 


H.  C.  McGATH  &  SON 

AMES,  NEBR. 

Herd  established  in  1891,  Merrick  County,  Nebraska. 

Have  been  an  exhibitor  at  the  Nebraska  State  Fair  for  21  years. 
Always  winning  the  top  placings  of  the  show. 

Success  has  been  ours  in  the  sale  rings.  We  have  held  two  sales 
each  year  for  21  years.  On  February  11,  1919,  we  made  an  average 
of  $261  on  50  head.  On  January  9,  1920,  we  made  an  average  of  $490 
on  50  head. 

From  1898  to  1902,  Equality  Chief  43363  by  Chief  Tecumseh  2d 
was  our  herd  boar,  and  he  did  much  to  bring  size  into  our  herd. 
As  time  went  on,  we  used  in  our  herd  many  of  the  largest  boars 
ever  in  service  in  the  state.  At  present  we  have  the  invincible  son  of 
The  Clansman,  THE  AVALANCHE  352551.  ably  assisted  by  BEST 
BUSTER  315325  by  Giant  Buster. 

We  deeply  appreciate  the  honorable  treatment  received  from  the 
many  hundreds  of  patrons  that  have  been  ours  to  serve. 

H.  C.  McGATH  &  SON  Ames,  Nebr. 


T.  J.  MARSHALL 

GREENWOOD,  NEBR. 

We  have  always  kept  our  herd  up-to- 
the-minute  in  up-to-date  blood  lines.  Our 
sow  herd  has  been  noted  for  its  size  and 
prolificacy. 

We  have  been  successful  winners  at  our 
State  Show. 

If  you  want  a  choice  boar  or  a  few  'gilts, 
we  can  supply  you  at  prices  very  reason- 
able. 

T.  J.  MARSHALL 

Greenwood  -  Nebraska 


—THE  HOME  OF— 

PAUL  JONES 

THE  1180  LB.  MARVEL 

We  have  been  raising  Poland  Chinas  for  many  years.  We 
were  one  of  the  owners  of  old  LONG  WONDER  169495  that 
was  the  largest  boar  in  Nebraska  during  his  life.  NEBRASKA 
BOB  248873  by  Big  Bob  has  proven  one  of  the  greatest  boars 
we  ever  owned.  PAUL  JONES  313771  is  the  largest  boar 
we  ever  owned,  weight  1180  lbs.,  National  Swine  Show  1920. 

Our  herd  has  been  successful  in  the  large  shows  of  the  country.  Our 
sales  have  been  very  successful.  We  always  strive  to  raise  nothing  but  the 
best,  and  these  have  been  appreciated  by  our  many  hundreds  of  patrons. 

We  have  recently  added  the  great  young  boar  NEBRASKA  CHECK 
437653  by  Checkmaker,  to  assist  in  our  herd.  We  have  young  stock  for 
sale  at  all  times.     Farm   adjoins  city  limits.     Best  of  railroad  service. 

EDWARD  DIFFEY  &  SON 

NORTH  BEND  -:-  -:-  NEBRASKA 


The  SUPERIOR  Mid 

—OF— 

BIG  TYPE  POLAND  CHINAS 

The  Best  of  the  Best  Blood  Lines  always  for 
sale.  We  win  our  share  of  Prizes  at  the  Fairs.  Herd 
is  now  headed  by 

TALKER  356473 

First  Prize  Junior  Pig,  Topeka  1919 
VISITORS  ALWAYS  WELCOME 

J.  DEE  SHANK       -       Superior,  Nebr. 


R.  C.  Johnson  Mead,  Neb, 


Breeder   of  Strictly 
Big  Type,  Up-to-Date 

POLAND  CHINAS 


We  have  one  of  the  leading 
herds  in  the  state.  Our  prices 
are  very  conservative. 

Popular 
Blood  Lines 

Visitors  welcome. 

Correspondence  solicited  and 
given  prompt  attention. 

Address 

R.  C.  Johnson  Mead,  Neb< 


WM.  EIDAM  &  SON 

Fremont,  Neb. 


Breeders  of  the  Only  Strictly  American 
Breed  of  Swine 


POLAND  CHINAS 


We  have  a  very  select  herd 
carrying  the  blood  of  the 
breed's  most  noted  boars  and 
sows. 

Our  aim  is  to  grow  the  best, 
and  sell  the  best,  thus  satisfy- 
ing our  ambidon  and  giving 
to  the  purchaser  an  improve- 
ment in  his  breeding  stock. 

We  soHcit  your  patronage. 

Come  and  see  the  herd. 

WM.  EIDAM  &  SON 

Fremont,  Neb. 


A.  H.  LEACH 


The  man  that  is  smart  is 
the  man  who  buys  when 
everyone  else  wants  to  sell. 
We  can  show  you  many 
reasons  why  it  would  be  to 
your  advantage  in  the  se- 
lection of  one  of  our  popu- 
lar bred,  big  type 

POLAND  CHINAS 


They  are  among  the  largest 
and  smoothest  we  have 
seen.  We  use  only  the  very 
best  in  our  production.  They 
must  be  the  very  best  to  re- 
main in  our  herd. 


Blair,  Neb 


We  buy  them  on  the  square, 
and  we  sell  them  on  the 
square,  so  you  have  a  square 
deal  all  the  way  thru. 


Buy  an  income  for  yourself. 

Money    wisely   invested  in 

our  Poland  Chinas  secures 

substantial  income  for  later 

years. 

Visit  our  farm.    Write   us 

for  a  list  of  stock  for  sale. 


A.  H.  LEACH,  Blair,  Nebraska 


J.  A.  SANDQUIST,  Oakland,  Neb. 

—MY  MOTTO— 

ALWAYS  A  SQUARE  DEAL 


My  herd  was  established  in  1899.  We  have  tried 
to  make  it  better  each  year.  Among  the  prominent 
boars  used  in  my  herd  are:  Bob  Wonder,  a  litter 
brother  to  Nebraska  Bob;  Scar's  Long  Big  Bone  by 
Long  Big  Bone;  Col.  Bob  by  the  $10,200  Col.  Jack. 

In  active  service  now  is  ORANGE  LAD  by  Mc's 
Big  Orange,  granddam  being  Orange  Lady  2d,  the 
dam  of  The  Yankee  and  The  Pilot. 


Visit  my  herd.     Youn^  stock  for  sale  at  all  times. 

J.  A.  SANDQUIST 

OAKLAND  -:-  -:-  NEBRASKA 


WILD  ROSE  HERD 

—OF— 

Bi^  Type  Poland  Chinas 


Boars  used  in  our  herd :  Monroe  74245 :  Peaches 
Long  Wonder  76403:  Lady's  Chief  76403;  Bob 
Jones  97924;  Columbus  Jack  20512. 

We  have  raised  litters  by  Spot's  Wonder,  and 
Long  Prospect. 

Our  herd  has  been  successful  winners  at  our 
County  show.  We  have  shipped  hogs  into  several 
states. 

If  you  are  interested  in  extra  choice  breeding 
stock,  at  very  low  prices,  we  can  please  you.  Write 
or  visit. 


JAMES  J.  WHITE 

ULYSSES  -:-  -:-  NEBRASKA 


B.E.RIDGLEY 

Pici<rell,  Nebraska 

Breeder  of   Big   Type 
Poland    Chinas,   and   an 
AUCTIONEER. 

We    show    our    hogs 
each  year  at  the   State 
Fair.       We     still     hold 
the      record      for      the 
largest     yearling     ever 
shown  on  the  Nebraska 
Fair  Grounds.     In   1910 
we    won    on    Exception 
Blue    Valley,    weighing 
830  pounds. 

Write  your  wants.  We 
make     a     specialty     of 
mail    orders.      Satisfac- 
tion guaranteed 

Poland  Chinas  For  Permanence 

Our  herd  is  a  regular  winner  at  the  big  Swine  Shows.    We  have 
the  largest  Poland  China    Mail    Order    business    in    Nebraska. 
You   can    buy   What   You  Want  When  You  Want  It.     Every 
day  a  Sale  day.     Everything  at  Private  Sale. 

PLAINVIEW  HOG  AND  SEED  FARM 

Frank  J.  Rist,  Humboldt,  Nebraska 

Ghas.  A.  Fricke,  Pawnee  City,  Nebr. 

Auctioneer  and  Breeder  of  the  Big  Type  Poland  Chinas 

Boars  that  are  prominent  in  our  herd,  Big  Bob  Master  108210,  and  Chief 
Reformer  117644. 

Our  brood  sows  represent  the  leading  blood  lines  of  the  breed. 

When  in  need  of  choice  Poland  Chinas,  or  an  Auctioneer,  write  me.  Satis- 
faction guaranteed. 

Chas.  A.  Fricke                Pawnee  City,  Nebr. 

ROBERT  A.  WILLMER 

Scribner,  Neb. 

Breeder  of  Modern 

POLAND  CHINAS 


Stock  for  sale  at  all  times 
and  at  prices  in  keeping  with 
the  times. 

We  are  not  trying  to  raise 
the  "most,"  but  the  best.  We 
cull  close,  keeping  nothing 
but  the  very  choicest  for 
breeding  stock.  If  you  want 
the  largest  for  age,  with  the 
finish,  you  should  get  in 
touch  with  me. 

Visitors  welcome. 

Correspondence  invited. 

ROBERT  A.  WILLMER 

Scribner,  Neb. 


Phil  Dawson 

ENDICOTT,  NEBRASKA 


Herd  Established  Many  Years  Ago 

My  father,  H.  C.  Dawson,  was  one 
of  the  original  promoters  of  Poland 
Chinas. 

It  was  in  our  herd  that  the  words  "Big 
Type  Poland  Chinas"  were  coined. 

History  will  tell  you  of  the  noted 

EXPANSION 

HERD  of  POLAND,  CHINAS 

one  of  the  leaders  in  preserving  the 
size  in  the  breed. 

We  have  ever  kept  before  the  public 
thru  the  show  ring,  public  sales  and 
advertising.  Our  show  herds  have  won 
in  every  show.  A  Hst  of  such  winnings 
would  be  an  endless  chain. 

We  are  prepared  to  meet  your  wants. 
Visit  our  herd.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited and  promptly  cared  for. 


Phil  Dawson,         Endicott,  Neb. 


FRANK  A.  DVORAK,  Howells,  Nebraska 

—  Breeder  of — 

BIG  TYPE 

Poland  Chinas 

Selected  choice  young  breeding 

stock  for  sale  at  reason- 

able prices 

FRANK  A.  DVORAK,  Howells,  Nebraska 

HARRY  C.  DAHL,  Ames,  Nebr. 

— Breeder   of — 

BIG  SMOOTH 

Poland  Chinas 

Choice  individuals  of  all  ages  for  sale  at 

fair  prices.     We  breed  and  sell  only 

the  very  most  improved  type 


HARRY  C.  DAHL,  Ames,  Nebr. 


Geary  Bros.,  Inman,  Neb, 

Our  is  made  up  from  outstanding  selections  of 
Herd  the  breed's  greatest  blood  lines.  We  are 
keeping  it  at  the  top.  Several  of  the  lead- 
ing herds  of  the  United  States  have  stock 
from  our  plant  in  their  herds.  We  have 
been  consistent  winners  in  our  state  and 
local  shows. 

Herd  Boars  used  in  our  herd:  The  Clan's 
Monarch  377111,  Jumbo  Timm  257797, 
Best  Timm  118694. 

Satisfaction  assured  in  all  sales 

Geary  Bros.,  (coumy)  Inman,  Nebr. 


T.  U.  MALLETTE 

CRAIG,  NEBRASKA 
Breeder  of  Big  Type 

POLAND  CHINAS 

We  have  been  successful  winners  in  the  shows. 

We  won  3d  prize  on  KING  OMAHA  2d  96077 

by  King  Omaha,  out  of  Big  Bob's  Queen 

by  Big  Bob,  Nebraska  1920. 

Stock  for  sale  at  all  times.  Satisfaction  guaranteed. 

T.  U.  MALLETTE 

CRAIG  -  -  NEBRASKA 


M^rd  Fjttnhlished  in  ISSQ 

Holbrook  ■  Nebraska 

Have  always  kept    abreast 

^HB^M^^I 

^^P^^^l 

of  the  times,  employing  only 
top  individuals  in  any  herd. 

^^Hp^'            ^^ 

We  have  used  sons  of  the 

^^Ki^  ^^^  ■ 

following  boars  in  our  herd: 

IPR^    &    ■ 

Big  Hadley,  Expansion,  Big 
Victor,   Surprise  Wonder  4th, 

L  ^"M 

A    Wonder,    Revelation    and 
others. 

We   have    young  stock  for 
sale  at  all  times.     Immuned. 

^^^^H^  '^^^^H 

Prices  reasonable. 

■HHT^fll 

Address, 

FRANK  DAVIS 

305  U  Street 

FRANK  DAVIS 

IT_: U..   Dl M„I I.„ 

L.  E.  Dailey 

Eagan,  South  Dakota 

Breeder  of  Big  Type                                         1 

POLAND 

CHINAS 

We  grow  some  very  choice  individuals  that  should 
head  good  herds.    We  have  up-to-date  breeding  and 
can  sell  at  prices  very  reasonable.     Try  us  once. 

L  E.  Dailey 

Fagan,  Soutli  Dakota 

LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS 


POKTRAITS 


Baynes,   James 171 

Brown,  A.  M 170 

Cantrall,  Geo.  M 171 

Dawson,  H.  C 21 

Doty,  James  J 171 

Duffield,  J.  B 9 

Finch,  David 10 

Freigau,  Carl 12 

Gilmore,  John 13 

Gossick,  B.  L 26 

Harkrader,  John 6 

Hazelton,  John  M 172 

Jones  Hodge 173 

Jones,  W.  A 30 

Klever,   E 8 

Klever,  J.  M 8 


PuffC 

'.   162 

6 

.      93 

.     31 

199 


Magie,  D.  M 

McFadden,  W.  M 

Moore,  A.  C 

Mouw,  Peter 

Mugg,  Lloyd 

Shattuck,  Thos.  A 

Singleton,  H.  E 160 

Sisson,  H.  M 8 

Sisson,  W.  P 8 

Swallow,  W.  Z 19 

Walker,  C.  H '.    172 

Williams,  John  W 9 

Williams,  Worthy  C 172 

Wilson,  T.  R 28 

Young,  P.  W 163 


A  Wonder 35 

Big  Bob 45 

Big  Bob  Orphan 109 

Big  Timm  (Nebr.) 43 

Big  Timm  (Calif.) 86 

Black  Beauty  10th 16 

Buster's  Best 117 

Buster's  Clipper 89 

Business    120 

Caldwell's  Big  Bob 133 

(Checker's 74 

Chief  Price 30 

Chief  Tecumseh  2d 79 

Columbian  Giant 53 

Columbus  Wonder 179 

Corrector 85 

Designer    68 

Dunndale  Pilot 71 

Expansion 84 

Fashion  Girl 118 

First  Prize  Pen  of  Barrows  1920.  .  .    108 

Freckles  182 

Free  Trade '     23 

Giant  Maid 141 

Grand  Master 44 

Group  of  Poland  Chinas  1880.  '.'.'.'.'.     20 

Hankinson,  W.  C,  Home 13 

Hawkeye    Giant 124 

John  3d 17 

Lady  Black  97 

Lady  Clan   IO7 

Lady  Clan  2d '    '    134 


Pii'ir 

Lady  Fairfield    18  > 

Liberator   (j7 

Liberator's  Best .'..'.  130 

Liberator  Buster    55 

Liberator  Leader 139 

Liberty  Girl  3d 92 

Long    Giantess 146 

Major  Jumbo 1 76 

Meddler    32 

Miss   Highland '.....  110 

Mollie  Buster    106 

Mollie  Pike    1 1 

M's  Long  Joe 148 

Omaha  Bob 88 

Pet  2d ■..::.::  114 

Peter   Pan 127 

Princess  Wonder  A 175 

Prize   Lady 122 

Secret   156 

Standard  Poland  China  Record 

Office    14 

Shakers  Society  Buildings 3-4 

Tecumseh    22 

The  Climax 161 

The  Giant    49 

The  Pickett W^ 

The  Pilot 136 

The  Yankee 103 

Tom  Corwin  2d 78 

Tye's    Liberator 195 

W's    Giant 91 


INDEX 


Page 

A    Wonder 34-124 

Adam's  Big  Bone 51 

Adam's  Big  Hal   42 

Arch  Back  Giant 7d 

Archdaie    77 

B  Wonder 45 

Belmont    Buster W 

Big  Ben    42 

Bib  Bob    45 


Big  Bob   2d 


59 


_  Bob  Orphan    72 

Big  Bob  Wonder  4b 

Big  Bone    -^5 

Big  Bone  Bob   63-128 

Big  Bone  Model 61 

Big  Fashion    63 

Big  Fred    57 

Big  Bone  Leader    58-128 

Big  Hadley    34 

Big  Hadlev  Jr 46 

Big  Knox     51 

Big  Look    45 

Big  Joe 42 

Big  Jumbo 36 

Big  Jumbo 41 

Big  Mischief  36 

Big  Orange    36 

Big  Price 48 

Big  Price's  Equal  51-128 

Big  Square    Jumbo 51 

Big  Tecumseh 36 

Big  Timm   43-123-126 

Big  Tom 44 

Big  Victor   35 

Black  Big  Wonder 51 

Black  Jumbo 51 

Black  U.  S 22 

Blain's  Tecumseh    32 

Bloemendaal's  Big  Chief 51 

Blue  Vallev   41 

Blue  Vallev  Quality 36 

Bridge's  Bob  Wonder 57 

Buster  Over 59 

Butler   19 

C  2  Ranger 65 

Caldwell's  Big  Bob 57-123 

Chanticleer    77 

Checker's 73 

Checkit 77 

Chief  Defender 58-129 

Chief  Perfection     25-123 

Chief  Perfection  2d 26 

Chief  Price    29-123 

Chief  Price  2d  34 

Chief  Price  2d  S6 

Chief  Price  Again  36 

Chief  Sunshine  2d 31 

Chief  Tecumseh     22 

Chief  Tecumseh  2d 24 

Chief  Tecumseh  3d 28 

Cicotte    76 

Col.  Jack 62-127 

Columbian  Giant    71 


Columbus 
Cook's  Liberty 
Corrector  .  .  .  . 
Denny's  Giant 
Designer 


Bond 


Disher's  Giant 4b- 

Disher's  Giant  Again 

Dominator  

D's  Big  Jones   

D's  Giant   

Dunndale   Pilot    

Eighty  Dollar  Pig 

Emancipator  

Expansion    30- 

Expansion  King 

Farver's  Goliath 

Fessy's  Timm   

Fox's  A  Wonder 

Freckles  

Free  Trade  

F's  Big  Jones 

General   Hayes    

George  Wilkes    

Gerstdale  Jones 48- 

Giant  Buster  47-124- 

Giant  Timm 

Give  or  Take 

Goiddust  Hadley 

Grand  Master   

Grant's  Great  Giant 

Guy  Wilkes  2d 

Hadley    

Hadlev  Goiddust    

Hadley  Jr 

Happy    Medium    

Harrison's  Bib  Bob 

Hather's  Big  Orphan 

Hawkeye  Giant 

Hercules 

Highland  Ranger   

Hoosier  Bill 

Irwin's  Sweepstakes   

Jumbo     

Keep  On 

Klever's  Model   

King  Joe    

King  Kole    

King  Look  

King  Mastodon 

King  of  Wonder's 

King  Tecumseh    

Korver's  Orange  Wonder 

K's  Big  Jones 

Lamplighter    

Liberati    

Liberator    67 

Liberator  Ace 

Liberator  Buster    

Liberator  Leader     

Liberty  Bond    

Logan  Price    

Long  Big  Bone 

Long  Big  Bone   2d 

Long  Chief  Again 

Longfellow  7th 

Longfellow  Jr 

Longfellow   Sampson    

Long  King    

Long  King's  Equal 

Long  Joe  

Long  Jumbo  

Long  Jumbo  2(1 

Long  Orange  


::« 


Page 

Long  Wonder 34 

Long  Wonder 51 

Long  Wonder  2d   51 

Mabie's  Jumbo    58 

Mankato  Wonder 50 

Masterpiece   64 

McGath's  Big  Orphan   51 

Mc's  Big  Orange 50 

Meddler    32-125 

Model  Big  Bob 70 

Model  Mastodon   65 

Moore's  Halvor 41 

Morton  Meyers  18 

M's  Hadley 36 

Nobility    76 

Oakland's  Equal 42 

Old  Alex 18 

On  &  On 32 

On  ttie  Dot 33 

Orange  Boy   47-125 

Orange  Chief 34 

Orangepiece 77 

Orphan  Wonder  1st 44 

O's  Jumbo   36 

Panorarna    36 

Passport 69 

Pawnee  Lad    33 

Pawnee  Pete  40 

Peacock  Giant    77 

Perfect  I  Know   28 

Peter  Pan    76 

Peter  the  First 77 

Peter  the  Great    71 

Peter  the  Great  2d   77 

Progressor 77 

Repeater    76 

Revelation   74 

Robidoux 41 

Rood's  Giant 42 

Rumple's  Wonder   61 

Severe's  Big  Timm 50 

Sheldon's  Wonder 66 


Smooth  Big  Bone 44 

Smooth  Price   3(j 

Smooth  Prospect 61 

Star  of  the  West 20 

Success    21 

Sunbeam 76 

Superba .  .  .  .  47 

Superior  Giant  77 

Supremus 77 

Surprise  Prospect '  49 

Tecumseh     22 

The  Big  Orphan    '.'.  40 

The  Clansman    60 

The  Critic 70 

The  Giant    49 

The  Guide 77 

The  Invader   77 

The  Jayhawker    77 

The  Minute  Man    77 

The  Outpost    73 

The  Pathfinder 77 

The  Pickett 69 

The  Pilot 76 

The  Pioneer    76 

The  Rainbow    70 

The  Ranger     77 

The  Tarzan 77 

The  Winner    77 

The  Yankee 65 

Titanic  Giant    51 

Tolono  Timm   61 

Tom  Corwin  2d   20 

U.  S 21 

Wade's  Jumbo    36 

Wedd's  Long  King 42 

Whitesox  Chief 41 

Wisconsin  Orange   61 

Wonder   Buster    62 

World  Beater   19 

W's  Giant 57 

Zack    18 


RiS  1^)1 113-1:^6 

Bob's  Belle 121 

Buster's  Best   116-127 

Crop  Eared  Sow 17 

Fashion  Girl   117 

I'-inch's  Premium  Sow 17 

(jerstdale   Queen    120 

Giantess   Ill 

Joe's  Giantess  115 

Kramer's  Kind   119 

Lady  Big  Crow    119 

Lady   Lunker    112 


Page 

Mammoth  Giantess  Equal 112 

Miss  Big  Wonder  119 

M's  Choice 121 

Nellie  B 119 

Old  Harkrader  Sow    16 

Orange  Lady  2d  119 

Orange  Queen 120 

Preston  Giantess    120 

Queen  DufTield 17 

Shaker  Sow  D 17 

Susan  2d    115 

Topsy   119 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS 


California  Page 

Yales,  R.  J.,  Orland 216 

Indiana 

Bunten,  John  H.,  Jr.,  Danville.  .  .    216 

Iowa 

Bell  Bros.  &  Wood,  Wiota 200 

Bell,  R.  A.,  Atlantic 201 

Bloemendaal  Bros.,  Orange  City.    215 

Bloemendaal,  Jim,  Alton 210 

Carter,  Chas.  W.,  Shenandoah...   210 

Clark,  W.  A.,  Farragut 211 

Chantland,  A.  A.,  Humboldt 212 

Duncan,  H.  B.,  Bagley 20i) 

Dorr,  Henry,  &  Son,  Marcus 210 

Ellsworth,  W.  H.,  Goldfield.  .  .204-205 

Fesenmeyer,  H.,  Clarinda 213 

Gruber,  George,  Farragut    214 

Healy,  J.  H.,  &  Co.,  Manilla 214 

Howard,   Earl,   Shenandoah 202 

Kramer,  J.  J..  Sheldon 202 

McMillan,  Bert  E.,  Blanchard 206 

McCIarnon,  L.  R.,  Braddyville 215 

Mouw,  Peter,  &  Co.,  Orange  Citv.   214 

.Miller,  John,  Rock  Valley 215 

Osgood,  W.  J.,  Sheldon 202 

Ridgeway  Farms,  Blanchard....   207 

Richards,  G.  F.,  Corning 203 

Scar,  Wm.  A.,  Earlham 216 

Turnbull  &  Miller,  Blanchard 211 

Turnbull,  Don  R.,  Blanchard 208 

Kansas 

Dubach  Bros.,  Wathena 217 

Rice,  C.  S.,  Muscotah    217 

Laptad,  Fred  G.,  Lawrenc? 217 

Minnesota 

Arens,  Henry,  Jordan 218 

BeihoflFer,  Ernest  J.,  Glencoe....    218 

Bench  Bros.,  Prior  Lake 211) 

Busse  Bros.,  Slayton   222 

Bostic,  A.  E.,  Pipestone 221 

Brugmann    Bros.,   Windom 223 

Conzemius,  John,  Hastings 223 

Gummert,  C.  F.,  Hopkins 221 

Graham,    W.    J.,    &    Sons,    Wav- 

erly    234-235 

George-Washington    Farms,    Man- 

kato 217 

Glasier,  J.  M.,  St.  James 221 

Harders,  E.  H.,  Luverne 227 

Hoffman,  John  H.,  Wilmont 227 

Hupp,  E.,  Windom 224 

Johnson,      Martin,      &.     Evenson, 

Fred,  Litchfield   220 

Janovsky,  James,  Le  Sueur  Center  227 
Kritzeck  Bros.,  Howard  Lake,  230-231 

Kasper,  Jay  A.,  Medford 228 

Kilan,  E.,  &  Son,  Jackson 224 

Larson,  Fred,  Winnebago 224 

Larson.  Ole  L.,  Heron  Lake 233 

Lau,  H.  C,  Tracy 229 

LoelTler,  Louis,  Eagle  Lake 229 

Maloney,  Andrew  J.,  Mankato.  .  .  .   226 

Maine,  Glen  C,  Ambov 232 

Martin,  A.  C,  Fairmont 226 

Matson,    Emile,    Willmar 229 

Peterson,  L.  A.,  Eagle  Lake 232 

Pfirl,  Walter,  Worthington 232 

Reese,   John.   Clarksfield 237 

Rogge,  Ed.  T.,  Bovd 233 

Sharp.   Wm   A..   Winnebago 233 

2, 


Page 

Rue,  B.  0.,  Lakefield 222 

Silkey,  L.  T.,  &  Son,  Smiths  Mills  238 
Sonnicksen,  Lloyd  W.,  Winnebago  239 

Sparks,  A.  J.,  &  Son,  Lakefield..  236 

Steel,  D.  J.,  Mankato 240 

Stifter,  Louis,  Howard  Lake 226 

Vaske,  Ben,  Windom 239 

Walker,  Chas.  E.,  Glencoe 225 

Wiest,  Wm.,  Le  Suer 239 

Williams,  Forest  L.,  Elysian 236 

Missouri 

Adams,  J.  R.,  Independence 24J! 

Andersen,  A.  T.,  St.  Joseph 240 

Branham,  Jas.  Y.,  Paris 244 

Capps,  Ernest  L.,  Liberty 242 

Glover,  L.  H.,  Kansas  City 243 

Lane,  F.  A.,  Independence 240 

Leonard,  Sol  L.,  St.  Joseph 241 

Maple  Way  Farms,  Fairview....  244 

Young,  Russell  B.,  Holliday 244 

Nebeiaska 

Carman,  J.  L.,  &  Son,  Cook 245 

Crofton,    John,    Dorchester.  .  .250-251 

Dahl,  Harry  C,  Ames 272 

Davis,   Frank,   University   Place.  274 

Dawson,  Phil,  Endicott 271 

Diffey,  Ed  &  Son,  North  Bend..  263 

Dvorak,  Frank  A.,  Howells 272 

Eidam,  Wm.,  &  Son,  Fremont 265 

Etmund,    Jacob,    Roca 253 

Frickee,  Chas.  A.,  Pawnee  City.  .  269 

Geary   Bros.,   Inman 273 

Hensley,  L.  L.,  &  Son,  Central  City  256 

Holliday,  John  D.,  Orchard 255 

Hutchinson,  James,  Elgin 261 

Hutchison,  B.,  Silver  Creek 254 

Johnson,  R.  C,  Mead 264 

King,  John,  Albion 254 

Kissinger,  G.  A.,  Milford 253 

Leach,  A.   H.,  Blair 266-267 

Lonergan,   D.    C,    &   Sons,    Oma- 
ha   258-259 

Lundquist,  Olop,  Oakland 252 

Mallette,  T.  U.,  Craig 273 

Marshall,  T.  J.,  Greenwood 262 

Martinek,  Jos.  V.,  Dodge 249 

Morford,  J.  C,  Beaver  Crossing.  261 

Mounts,  A.  G.,  Schuyler 257 

McGath.  H.  C,  Ames 262 

McKelvie,  H.  L.,  &  Sons,  Fairfield  249 

Olson,  Hugo   H.,   Stromsberg.  .  .  .  257 

Uison,  John,   Shickley 260 

Peterson,   Harper,   Gresham 260 

Reid,  Jas.  D.,  &  Son,  Wakefield.  .  244 

Ridgelev,  B.  E.,  Pickerell 269 

Hist,  Frank  J.,  Humboldt 269 

Roberts    Bros.,    Pierce 248 

Sandquist,  J.  A.,  Oakland 268 

Schug,  Robert  A.,  Coleridge 247 

Shank,  J.  Dee,  Superior 263 

Smith  Bros.,  Superior 246 

Smith,  Ward,  Ithica 2.55 

Thompson,  E.  B.,  Friend 255 

Von  Forrell  Bros.,  Chester 253 

Voss,  Louis  J.,  Emerson 246 

White,  Jas.  J..  Ulvsses 268 

Wiebe,  G.  A.,  &  Sons,  Beatrice 252 

Willmer,  Robert  A.,  Scribner 270 

South  Dakota 

Dailey.  L.  E.,  Eagan 274 


Sit^'