History of Randolph County, Indiana with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers : to which are appended maps of its several townships

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1461018

GENEALOGY COLLECTION

3 1833 00805 5730

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;i.a:.:Miaa«aiieiBiifflei0i®K'ie!9Biai®i&fe'

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^XSTORy

MNBOLPH COUNTY,

INDIANA,

WITH

Illustrations and Bioo-rajihical Sketclu'S

OF

SOME OF ITS PROMINENT MEN AND P10NEh:R8,
fO WHICH ARE APPENDED MAPS OF ITS SE\TRAL TOWNSHH'S.

heprintec! I967 by Eastern Indiana Publishing Co,
Box 85 Knight St. ovm, Ind.
Extra copies available on request

CHICACO:
^. Xj. ICIISrGMs/LJ^^lNr,

iiiIWW^'-'''--M#^!pi3l©^j^¥lW^^P@(®|g^

1461018

^^glXTY-EIGHT yeai-s have joined tho ages before the flood since the first white settler pitched his cajup within the hordi.-rs
i^^^ of Eandolph County. Hundieds and thousands of liardy i)ioneers followed the first bold adventurer into this waste and
lii^ll howling wilderness. Their vigorous strokes have felled the giant monsters of the woods and opened the virgin soil to
^^^ to the genial sunshine. In hardship and peril, under privation and want, thi-ough scarcity and sickness, in labors con-
=|^W stant and severe, they toiled their lives away. And now hardly a single soul of all that heroic band remains on earth
VW^ among us! Possibly a scanty, scattered few yet survive. A small number more of those? who came here as children
4- still breathe the vital air— still linger amid the places of their youthful homes, to wonder whether those fields and farms

and d.vellings and towns are indeed tho spots where, in the dense woods so long ago, their fathers and their mothers built the rude
cabins, or even the " camp " or the rail pen, to shelter their dear ones from the cold and the stonn. They gaze bewildered on the
gilded show, and marvel at the incredible change which time and toil, like mighty magicians, have wrought. Soon, full soon, tho
grave will close over the "very last" of these ancient pioneers; and their children, too, are old and way-worn, and, one by one
they, also, are dropping from sight; and. erelong, pioneer life will bo a thing forgotten, or known only in the recital of fireside
tales, handed down from the days of long ago. And yet, of the history of these sixty-eight years no permanent memorial has
ever been made. A few manuscripts, a scattering, ancient newspaper here and there, alone attest, in writing or in print, the peri.s
and the toils of those pregnant, eventful years, those hardships, that ■^ndiu-ance, that heroism, that wonch-ous activity and persever-
ance, that endless labor, day and night, summer and winter, in sunshine and storm, and endless and fathomless mud, out of all
which beyond the power of the present generation even to imagine, has grown this wondrous edifice of luxmy and splendor, this
gi-and and stately Commonwealth —the noble old mother of us all !

Sixty-eight years ago not one stick had been laid upon another, except by tho miserable red men to build their wretched
wigwams. The sun shone, the waters flowed in their channels^ the forest flung its arms aloft, the bosom of mother earth lay warm
and fertile beneath; the sand, the gravel, the lime-rock, all were stored away beneath the ground; every needed article which na-
ture furnishes to her childi-en was at hand; the sweet and baimy air, fragiant with the breath of flowers, waved with gentle motion
the yielding foliage; then, as now, fell the fructifying rain from the clouds, and moistened the surface of the ground; springs
gushed from the earth, and sped dancing away over the pebbles, under the shadow of the forest. But wherefore? Ah, wherefore r
That a few ignorant red men might chase a few deer or kill a turkey now and then; that they might eat the flesh and tan the hide of
the one, and ornament their head with the tail feathers of the other? Is such a beggarly thing a suflicient result for so grand an
array of appliances? Nay, vta-ily, but that a race might come at length in the progress of the ages who could take possession and
make the utmost out of these wondi-ous possibilities; a race who should h.ive power and skill to fulfill the primal command " to
multiply and replenish the earth and subdue it." And now tho work is (at least measiu-ably) done, the miracle of yeai-s is accom-
plished, and from out those gloomy woods and ti'ackless jungles and primeval pathless wastes, have sprung these waving fields,
these homes of l)eauty, those palaces of splendor, which we do now behold! And shall not the history of tho authors of tins
mighty change be 'ATitten? Shall their mcmoiy perish from the earth? So it would seem, for among tho thousands skillful and
gifted of the sons and daughters of these hardy sires, has never one been found to search out the events of the past and writi^
them for future generations. Verily, our soul cries out this thing ought not so to be. Why do these sons and daughters of those
heroic fathers and mothers sufi'er that heroism to be forgotten, and the memory thereof to vanish from among men? The ttisk
were, truly, not properly cms to perform; for we are only a latecomer into this "Western land. Ou. boyhood and early manhood
were spent far away amid other and distant scenes. Out youthful eyes rested on the hills and mountains of the far-off East; but
our boyish ears in those days, now long past, drank eagerly in the recital of events, then ancient, the tales of what was to us i>i(j-
neer life, of hai'dship and toil, of Indiau warfare, of border troubles, of defeat and captm-e, of dreary winter camps, of loathsome
prison ships, of poverty, sufibriug and want, of failing hai-vests, of midnight conflagt^^k-na. of deadly epidemics; all these and
more by far, came upon men, and were heroically borne by them, by grandfathers and grandmotuers iu tLOoc j'ajS*"'"' "4'^''J_X'''"i.2
Syne," in the land where om- childhood's hours were spent. And we have read, too, histories of those times, gathered in patient
perseverance, by the grateful descendants of those hardy ancestors, and ])ublished as enduring m(>inorials of those by-gone years.

Time has fled rapidly on, and the sources of history for these things in this county of oui's, have been well-nigh dried up.
Yet thus far nothing permanent and eflectaal has been done. Pardon us, then, dear friends, if, in om- earnest conviction that
something should be accomplished, and that without delay, we have overstepped the bounds of propriety, if in the eager desire to
collect and preserve the memorials of these hardy settlers, we may appeal- to have usurped tho place which ought ia belong to some
native-bom son or daughter of old Eandolph.

But hitherto no step forward hiia been tiiken, and we have been by many who claim to bo friends, urged and encouraged to
undertake the task; and truly a long and tedious task it has, in fact, tm-ned out to be; even longer and more tedious and dffficult
than we had pictured to ourself. The facts are hard to find— hard to verify— hard to condense— hai'd to present in proper fonn:
and one thing we wish to say with great frankness, that while we havedoneoui- utmost for the purpose, yet we do by no means flatter
om-sclE to have attained complete accuracy, and perhaps hardly even an approximation thereto. The chief dependence for inf<u--
mation as to alleged facts is, of coiu-se. the memory of pioneers or of their relatives or friends; but memoiy is proverbially treach-
erous and imcertain, and often contradictory, o. g., take so simple a fact as the tiiitr when the fii-st rail track reached the State line
at Union City. The thing took place only about twenty-nine years ago; it was a notable public event, and perhaps twenty persons
are now residents in that town who were then there and witnessed the occurrence or hem-d the fact stated by those who did witness
it As to this event, one would suppose entire accuracy might be secm-od; yet we find it true that three different men. all claiming
to be eye-witnesses, give three different dat<>8, varying as much as a whole month, and each one is sure that he isri^^ht, o-ivint^
special reasons for the exactness of his memoi-y. So, then, absolute accuracy is doubtless out of the question; and for eve^i-y de^
feet which any critical eye may detect in this work, we can our.9olf doubl-less point out a dozen. We are, indeed, painfully con

sniou.s of the . imperf eotions of our work, yet, we feel, moreover, that we have expended great labor and taken exceeding cai-e to
approach as near entire correctness as could possibly be done. And, with this conviction, we humbly solicit the forbearance of our
readers. If it were to happen that a second edition were to be issued, corrections might be made as should be found needful; but
as to that, time alone can tell. We can say with truth, that having taken up the enterprise, we have done what could reasonably
bo asked or expected to make the Ixiok reliable, interesting and true; we have honestly tried to make it a work of which Randolph
County "will not willingly let die," and which may be a worthy and valuable addition to the local history' of the Commonwealth.

In arrangement of material, the principle of grouping has been employed to a great extent. Agriculture, education, relig-
ion, railitaiy mattei-s, cemeteries, attorneys, physicians and several other subjects, have been treated for the county as a whole.

The military history is unusually full and comprehensive. Biography, also, is very extensive in the work, and personal
roiniiiif;<i>ncos have been fi'oely given, the author believing that those sketches will be full of interest. So far as possible, the lives
(if ctuly pioneors have l>eer, detailed, especially of those who are now resting from their labors. The lives of subscribers are iu-
.snrteJ, Imt the biogi-aphies of many may be 'found who have long since left the shores of time, and of many also who are now
^.gt'd and feeble and iniirm, yet who are numbered still among the living heroes who have achieved the mighty conquest of human
prowess over wild and savage nattu'e, and who have made the wilderness to bud and blossom as the rose, and who smvivo to behold
the changes that have been wi'ought. The chapter on the public lands was framed from materials furnished from Washington,
thiough the kindness of J. "H. Htine, Esq., Government employe therefor many years, but who still retains his connection with,
and nft'ection for, the county which was his residence when called into the public service.

In the militaiy history, great use has been made of Adjiitant General Terrell's Keport for Indiana, published soon after the
dose of the war. while, in many cases also, facts from personal and other sources have been stated. The prison life of C. W.
Diggs was condensed from Gen. Shank's lleport on the Treatment of Prisoners, published by authority of Congress in 1809. The
details coucorning the others were written down from the lips.of the parties themselves. Great labor has been expended in search-
ing tlio otficial records of various kinds. The county oHJcers, past and present, have rendered every practicable aid, and furnished
every possible fiicility in fnrlhoraiico of our enterprise, and scarcely an individual has been found in the county who did not cheer-
fully do wlKiii'Ver soeined needful to make our toilsome task an abundant success.

Among the other woi'ks consulted have been Tuttlo's and Dillon's History of Indiana, Darke County History, Allen County
History, Delaware County History, Elkhart County History, the Legislative jom-nals, C. H. Smith's Recollections, Smith's Eai-ly
Afcthtxlism, and various other works. The Smitli family gave access to the manuscripts left by Hon. Jere Smith, some of whicli
have Ijcen incorpor:ited in the work. i\Ir. Osboru, of Economy, Wayne County, allowed us to jiresent the substance of the '' weather
lecovd '■ begun bv his father nearly fifty years ngo, and continued by the family to the present time.

ACKNOA\' LEDGMENTS.

A few among the multitude who have ren<lered assistance in the work (not to exclude others ]-)ei'haps equally worthy of men-
tion), are as follows:

Greonsfork.- -flames C. Bowen, S(]uire Bowen, James Clark, Aaron Hill, Thfinias Hough, James Kelly, Jesse Parker, Henn'
Horn.

Washington. -Paul Beard. Jr., W. A. A\-. Dalv. William Johnson. Silas Johnson, Thomas Phillips. Mrs. Shoemaker (daugh-
ter of Cnrlis Ckniv).

West River. -Willi;un JL Botkin, C. W, Oaborn, Jeremiah Smith, Ira Swain.

White. River and Winchester.— T. M. Browne, Hannah Diggs, William Diggs, Jr., H. H. Neff. M. A. Reeder, Gen. A. Stone,
I. 1>, A\;itts. 'J honi.Ms Wnrd. Jesse Way, 3\roormau Way. Ju.litli Way, W. C. Willmore.

I'rnn.kHn.- I'vlder Thomas Addington, Dr. Bailey, Arthur McKew, Pardon Sherman. Mj's. Sherman, Dr, Shoemaker.

\\t\Yil Edxvard Edger, Jos.>.])h Edger, Peny Fields. John Kcv, Daniel B. Miller, John Mock. Burgett Pierce, Thomas
\\'ard. Olnev Whipple.

Wayiie (and Union City). — Seth Hoke, Alfred Lenox, Mrs. Thomas Mason, Robert Mm-phy, William Oit, William Pickett.
Jesse Paxson, William Peacock, George and Asenath Thomas, James Woodbmy, W. K. Smith.

Stony Creek.— Isaac Amburu, John H. Bond, W. A. Thornliurg. Solomon Wright, Dr. Chenoweth.

Nettle Creek. —Mrs. Burroughs .William Cleviuger, M. L. Canady, Mrs. Patev Branson, Lemuel Wiggins, Mrs. Wine, James
Scott, Mrs. Mark Diggs.

Jackson. — Ezeiiel Clough, Thomas Devor, Jesse Johnson, James Porter, Mrs. Reeves, Mrs. Ruby, the Simmonses. the
Wanous.

Green.— Philip Barger, filr. fzyy^n, Thomas Godwin. Thomas Hubbard. Mr. McProud.

^^'^•'^tti.—lb:. Driver, Mj-s. Hammer, Mr. Jones, llev. Moses Marks, David Macy, John A. Moonnan, Mrs. Wallace.

It remains for us to express our grateful acknowledgements to the many kind friends (and their name is legion, and they
enilirace the (.nliic countv), who Ijave (>ncouraged and assisted in accomplishing our arduous task. Without their kind co-operation,
indeed, such a task would have been utterly in vain.

Tlie sources of history in our case liave been mostly personal and verljal. Something, of coui'se, has been gleaned from
books and from reeords. Imt mo.st has been dr.iwii from original sources, from the aged, worthy pioneera themselves or from their
inielligeni. and enbTprising descendants.

Entire and absolute accuracy is, of couree, scarcely attainable iu such an enterprise, since the information is to l>o gained
almost wholly by word i;t mc-ulh: and i-eliance must be u]ion the memoiy, often of persons who are aged and iniirm, and concern-
ing events which (xcnrred in tiie long, long ago. Even where one would expect to find rt-cords at comnmnd iu the county offices of
cimuty ollici:ils in the iiast, a painful deficiency is noticeable.

It might lune well beciu suppased that a full and accurate record could have been found as to the names and terms, etc.. of
of the various inciuulieuts of comity and township offices. It would have been thought also that a record of the names of the sol-
diers enlisted from tin. county would have lieeii preserved as a part of the official history thereof. Neither of those things, how-
ev(T, is to 1)0 found: ami as to some of the officers of the days of " Auld Lang Syne," to find out who they were, how long they
served, etc.. has been wholly out of the (luestiou. And after the long experience of painful and often fruitlesa research, the
andior feels n setlled conviction th;\t. instead of lieing blameworthy for omissions or mistolves, he is. rather, desoi-ving of public
a|)prov.ii, not lo say admiration, for the array of facts as to the early and later history present<'d, and for the degree of accuracy
achieved in the performance of the work.

I?eoords, wherever nttain-ible, have been freely brought into re<piisition. Written docvunents, personal or official, have been
used; records preserved in that precious troasm'e, the family Bible, " gi-andmother's old Bible," oftentime worn and fallen iu

PREFACE.

pieCJS from reading and handling, when the primeval forest frowiiod heavy aad dark over all this land, written by hands beloved
tha< have long been cold and lifeless in the tomb, have in many cases been made to yield their sacred remembrances for oiu' benefit.
BLiths, marriages, deaths, lists of the names of childi-en, eight, ten, even fifteen or eighteen in number in a single group, have
hen discovered in the ancient record; or the ancient gi-andfather, or, better still, the aged grandmother, with clearer mind and
more accurate memory, haS recited the facts, still recollected, of the events of their early youth and their active matm'ity, of Indian
tijubles, of early migration, of primal forest life, of privation and hunger and hardship, when the roads were trails, and the
stream-crossings were fords, when the dwellings were cabins and the towns were not.

It is greatly to be hoped that, while minor errors may, doubtless, be found, and possibly of such not a few, yet substantial
accm-acy will have been attained; and, if not, that such errors will rather be regarded as mistakes to be lamented than as faults to
be condemned.

To the business men, the legal fraternity, th(^ medical profession, the clergy and the press, to the officials, past and present
of every degree, and to all and sunth-y, too many even to name, citizens of Randolph, now or heretofore, for every encouraging
word spoken, and for every friendly act done in its behalf, sincere and hearty thanks are hereby cheerfully tendered by the author of
Randolph County History, by the publishers thereof, and by all who have taken part or bimie responsibility in its la'cjiaration.

And now, to the citizens of Randolph, the waiin-hearted, generous men and women of our noble eld county, and to those
who have at any time been residents therein; to those who, remain of the old stock, and to the children of the pioneers wherever
they may be found, and truly they are scattered far and wide throughout this mighty ^Wstern valley and among the mountains
stretching boilndless to the ocean shore; and to the reading public at large, we modestly and timidly, yet confidingly, present this
iinal result of long and wearisome labor, fondly hoping that those who receive and those who read the work 'will, at least, do us
the justice to lielieve that, in this pious attempt to rescue fi'om hopeless oblivion the memory of the venerable past, and to assist
the pr(\sent and coming generations to bestow fitting and reverential honor upon the hardy and glorious band who, in by -gone years,
witli mucJi labor and unknown hardship, led forth "the grand procession of the ages" to lay the foundations of this princely Coiu-
'" of the latter day; that, in tliis diificult, yet sacred and jileasing, task which our hands have undertaken to accomplish.

"we have done what

(The deaths r,f the pi
have dro])ped into the grave,
from the lips of aged j-.ersor
tomb! I

[Note. — It is jiroper to state that while thi
considerable number of the biographical sketches

leers ;u'e occurring
This treatise w;
then hale and

rith alarming frequency. Since this work was begun, many of the aged veterans

planned, indeed, in the " nick of time." It contains important statements taken

ow, alas! pale and silent in death, and hidden in the cold and solemn

idy of this volume is the work of myself, it is true, nevertheless, that a
1 ill the book have been piepr.red Sy other hands. K. TLCKEl!. ]

^EMfBi&

PART I.

HISTORY OF KANDOLPII COUNTY.

CIlAPTKlt I— (ipiicrni — Spnnish l;x|itonilioil»— Kcllos

ClI

•Varmints"— I'lgcou 1

Slory-lU'll Mr.k!iiK-.li:rc
oost-rul'l'cii Timlior, c'lc.

-Treaties- UoMrvcs-TowiM-lliirvingOroumb-

l„gSSi..nKh'» Wnr-Thc En.! - 16-28

PIIYSirAI, OKIKillAPIIY.

irriillVllI.— JIccliliB"

-I'iui.ccrs-AKcd People 11

racnl»-iicUgion, cte. -. .3S-fil

KKCOKUS.
'I— licerts— AiiptenliccJlilp— VreePRpcrs—
r«' Ponrd— i*rob8to Court... — ,»....». .69-711

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PART II.

BIWiUAPHICVL SKETCniiS-CosT

JKAPHICAL l<KCT<:llfS-C<.x

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INDEX.

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r.7, 2l.V2m, 281,

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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

CHAPTER I.

PUE-HISTOIilC

Gkneral— Spanish Exi'i.okations— Relics— Antiqtiitie.1.

ABUNDANT evidence exists to show that North America, (and
/A. South America as well), was inhabited hundreds, possibly
thousands, of years ago by a swarming human population. Even
though we possessed no written records of the doings of men upon
the Eastern Continent during the ages that are past, yet the ruins
that still remain of the works which they left behind them would
attest their presence and their power. In the stirring words of
the poet,

"Thes

imory,

but 111

cord in the d<

On the waste sands ; statues fallen and cleft,

Heaped like a host in bittle overthrown ;

Vast ruins where the mountain's ribs of stone

Were hewn into a city J streets that spread

In the dark earth where never breath has blown

( Cf heaven's sweet air, or foot of man dares tread

The long and perilous ways : the Cities of the Doad I"

The immense walls and towers, the stupendous temples, the
wondrous pyramids, the burnt and molten mounds filled with
bricks and pottery — the caves hewn from the solid rock, the tombs
excavated into the sides of cliffs, the marble slabs and huge pil-
lars covered with writing; made by human hands ; Porapeii and
Herculaneura, deep buried, or dug from the bowels of the earth ;
the roads and highways remaining still to show to us in these
later days how those old nations practiced locomotion in those
by-gone ages ; the marble pillars, the fallen statues, the gigantic
sphinxes, the ruins of Thebes and Athens and Palmyra; — all these,
and a myriad ether things declare the certain fact that, long gen-
erations ago, human inhabitants dwelt in number% and in power
upon those spreading Eastern lands.

It happens, indeed, that we possess legible written records
of human actions as performed by a few men who belonged to
some of the ancient nations who once occupied portions of Europe
and Asia and Africa. We have histories telling lis somewhat of
the things which some of the ancient peoples did ; telling us of
the Jews, the Phoenicians, the Egyptians, the Assyrians, the
Chaldeans, the Greeks, the Romans.

But these histories are (as all histories must be) merely frag-
mentary. They name a few men, a few cities, a few rivers, and
describe some of the actions of a small number of persons out of
the mighty multitude who once swarmed along those plains and
mountains and valleys. But the great mass of human deeds of
even the historical periods, so called, must for ever lie inextricably
hidden beneath the mist of the unknown and unrecorded past.

So of these Western plains. The written history for unknown
ages is wholly lacking — intelligible records, made as such by
human pen or pencil or chisel, are not to be found ; but the un-
conscious record shown in earth, in mounds and embankments, in
burial-grounds and human skeletons, is abundant on every hand.
The ancestral remains scattered far and wide throughout the
Western Continent incontestably prove the fact that, before the
stubborn Briton, the jolly Frenchman, the bluff Dutchman, the

stern and haughty Spaniard ; before Gilbert and Hudson, before
De Soto and La Salle, before Columbus and Cortez and Balboa
and Pizarro ; before even the wandering, wigwam-dwelling reil
man, there dwelt throughout this vast Mississippi Valley a thronfr
ing race of men : a race, moreover, neither feeble as to powei,
nor lacking in knowledge and in skill.

These ancient peoples would seem indeed to have labored
under some great and serious drawbacks to their power, since no
proof has been found of an acquaintance with iron or with iron
implements, and little or none, moreover, of the' existence of
domestic animals of draft or burden.

Yet their achievements, despite these serious drawbacks, as
shown by the remains of the; • works, by the ruins of what they
once possessed and dwelt in and of what they constructed, are
indeed wonderful. And would it be too much to affirm that, —
were the proud Anglo-Saxon race, and the other European races
as well, to be swept during the next century from the American
Continent, leaving no written records preserved and handed down
to following ages, and (say) two or ten thousand years were to
pass, while the tooth of time should gnaw remorselessly upon the
dwindling remnants of their fading glory — would it be too much
to declare that, after such a lapse of time, tho.se who should then
tread the American shores, would behold, in that far-off future
time, fewer and less striking proofs of the former presence and
power of these boastful " white men " than do now appear to
attest the prowess of the " Mound-Builders " and " Fort-makers,"
of the Palace-dwellers of Central America and Yucatan, the
" Cliff-dwellers" of Colorado, or the Sun-or-Devil-worshipera of
Tetzuco ?

All over this great valley, and among the mighty mountains
and yawning canons of the far-off West, once lived and moved a
mighty race of men. The works which they have forsaken, the
ruins which " Old Father Time *' himself has been able neither
to deface nor destroy, yet stand, and raise their heads beneath the
canopied sky, and say — " Whose works are all these?"

Mystery hangs over the story of these people, darkness
deeper than the darkness of the catacombs covers them, yet they
were here !

As England was peopled before the Norm.ans, the Saxons,
the Danes, so was the American Continent peopled before the
white man or the red man. And not merely were such rac>;s
scattered far and wide upon our mountains and over our plains,
but here, in Randolph County, Ind., here, on these lands which
we now own and hold and till, they dwelt. On these rivers atid
streams they paddled their canoes, the animals of these forest-
they slew for food. Here they ate, they drank, they toiled, fhoy
dwelt, they fought, they died and were buried. Here, even like
heroes of other lands and times, recorded or otherwise, they tried
in battle fierce and stern defense, to beat back their ruthless foes •
but alas ! like other hapless races, they failed and dwindled, and
disappeared from the earth ! Whence they came, how long they
and their ancestors had been domiciled on these lands, and in
what manner was the process of extinction ; who were and whence
came their strong invaders conjecture can only imagine.

The world has been full of hostile migrations, and of the
absorption or the destruction of the nations dwelling upon the

HISTORY OK RANDOLPH CorNTV.

invaded lands; and had not the history of
•ritten, no mortal could now supply the lack,

ich :

)ada been

They were here, and they iii'c gone ! And
sadly on their fortifications and on their bones exhumed from
the places of their sepulture, and, as the sighing west wind gently
whispers '• Whence and what were those ?" echo mournfully re-
peats " whence and what?" but the answer never comes !

A race so numerous, so intelligent, so skillful, so iabofious,
so brave, must have had dwellings, towns, clothing, implements of
labor and of warfare. But of their manner of life we know lit-
tle. It is strange, indeed, that amid all tlie remains of their
works so little is left to give a clew to their life, their habits,
their dwelling.?, their towns, their civilization.

Some tokens indeed there are, but these indications are not
many. In Europe, among the lake dwellings and elsewhere, are
found matting, stone arrow heads, copper and stone knives and
axfcs, shell heaps, fragments of woolen cloth, bones of o.xen, horses
and cattle, of sheep, dogs and goats; seeds of strawberries, rasp-
berries, etc., loaves of bread, and many other things.

In America also have been found matting, pipes, hammers
(made of stone) large enough for two men to wield, and in heaps
sufficiently large to be hauled away in cart loads, and in quanti-
ties enough to be used in walling a well ; stone-axes, stone, wood
and copper tools in mines worked by those primeval races ; pot-
tery of curious construction and various device, figures supposed
to have been idols ; cups, bowls, and dishes of divers shapes and
designs, etc.

In the northern and eastern portions of the United States,
few remnants of stone-work have been found. But in Yucatan,
Centra] America, and Colorado, ruins of great towns remain,
nearly rivaling the desolated cities of Asia and Africa, while in
New Mexico, Colorado and the adjacent regions, stone dwellings
and fortresses and towns built upon inaccessible heights, and
reached by flights of steps or by ladders, are found, and aborigi-
nal tribes of men still dwelling in them.

SPANISH DISCOVERIES.

The history of Spanish explorations in New Mexico and
California reveals a wonderful state of things ; and modern trav-
elers discover present remnants of those ancient peoples and of
their wondrous towns.

Bryant's History, speaking of Spanish explorers in l.'381-2,

"Traveling up the valley of the Rio del Norte, * * *
a journey of _.tcn days brought them to villages containing ten
thousand people. The houses wore well built, four stories high,
with good chambers, most of them having fire-places for winter.
The people were well dressed in cotton and leather, with good
shoes and boots, such as the Sjtanish had not seen in America
before. After four days the travelers went on to another tribe,
called the Tiguas, of sixteen towns. In two days they came to a
country of eleven towns, of which the natives said the popula-
tion was more than 40,000. They next visited the Quires and
found five towns with l."),000 people. Fourteen leagues farther
they found the Cunames, who had five towns with 20,000 people.
Their houses were built of stone and lime and were the best the
Spaniards had seen. Next wore the Amejes, 30,000 in number.
Fifteen leagues westward they found the town of Acoma with
G,000 people.

"This town (Acoma) is still in existence, peopled probably
with the same race of inhabitants. It was on a high cliff, which
was more than fifty platforms in height, and could be ascended
only by steps cut out of the rock itself. All the water the peo-
ple had was in cisterns. The arable land was two leagues
:away, being watered by artificial means from a little river in the
neighborhood."

Judge Cozzcns thus describes the town of Acoma as it was
in a 860:

"Acoma stands upon the top of a rock at least ■"(•'jO feet

above the plain. The Puchio can be reached only by means of
a staircase of 37.5 steps, cut in the solid rock. At the upper
end of this [staircase] is a ladder eighteen feet long, made from
the trunk of a tree, from which notches have been cut for the feet."

Bryant continues: "Twenty-four leagues farther west,
Espcjo and his companions came to Zuni, where they found the
crosses, etc., left by Coronado half a century before. The Zuni
live there still."

It appears then, that our western regions, New Mexico, Ar-
izona, California, etc., were, at the time of their exploration by
the Spanish, inhabited by a cultivated people, clothed, dwelling
in houses, with cities, in some respects, the most remarkable in
the world.

J.^W. Powell, in Scrilmcr, December 1875, says:

" Thus, in this desert land, we find an agricultural people,
dwelling in stone houses, with walls laid in mortar, and plastered
within; houses two, three, four, five and six stories high; skill-
ed in pottery, weaving, dyeing; with picture writing, mytholo-
gy and religion ; with no beasts of burden and no knowdedgo of
metals, their tools being bones, stone and wood."

He says further that there were found, when the region was
discovered by the Spaniards and explored by them in the six-
teenth and seventeenth centuries, about sixty towns, and that some
thirty of these towns still remain ; that nearly all were semi-
Christianized by the Spanish Catholics, but that seven exist now
as in ancient days.

These seven towns are in what is called the province of
Tusayan, anil are named as follows: 0-rai-bi, Shi-pau-i-luv-i,
Mi-shong-i-ni-vi, Shong-a-pa-vi, Te-wa, Wol-pi, Si-choam-a-vi :
the last three called the Moqui towns. They are all built on
high rocks or cliffs, with houses of several stories, entered by
ladders, or steps, or both. Before 1540 the clothing was cotton ;
but between 1.540 and 1600 they were supplied with sheep
through the Spaniards, and since that time they have nsed
woolen and now employ it largely. The men wear moccasins,
leggings, shirts and blankets (which they make themselves); the
women wear moccasins with long tops, besides short petticoats
and a shawl over the right shoulder, a belt around the waist and
an outer garment.

These seven towns have at present 2,700 inhabitants,
though they are much dilapidated, and when in their glory tlioy
doubtless contained a far greater number.

Mr. Powell says further :

" The ruins of towns are found in great profusion throughout
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and Southern
California, on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, on the
western slope as well ; * * * over all this vast territory, in
every beautiful valley and glen, by every streamlet and every
sjjring, on the high mountains, on the clifl's, away out in the des"-
erts of drifting sand, and down in the deep canon-gorges are
found ruins, stone implements or fragments of pottery."

Mr. Powell thinks the Navahoes^ the Apaches and kindred
tribes have swept down in past ages from the north and gradu-
ally uprooted these ancient races, leaving only the feeble rem-
nants that are now existing.

The Mexicans and Peruvians, when visited and conquered
by Cortez and Pizarro, were far advanced in many arts of domes-
tic life — in building, weaving, road-making, tilling, etc., etc.

The Natchez, a tribe of great intelligence but of limited
numbers, and dwelling on the Lower Mississjppi, claimed to be de-
scendants of the ancient inhabitants and declared that their pro-
genitors had occupied that land for unknown centuries.

The traditions of the Indians of the northern lake region
extend back for " thousands of moons," even to the time, as these
traditions declare, in which the Mastodon, whose remains abound
throughout the region, still dwelt in those wilds.

And now, interesting questions press themselves upon our
notice: Who are they — whence came they — how long dwelt they
— -whither went they — how came they to leave tlic region — are

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COrNTY.

13

md if s

nd what

any traces of them stil
and how many ?

WHENCE CAME THESE KACES ?

Conjecture is idle. But opinions are rife and diverse — and
fruitless. Baldwin thinks they came from the southward — grad-
ually extending through the great valley farther and still farther
toward the North. This conjecture may be true. But even this
would bo only an approximation.

How came they in Central America "' Was that the grand
center from whence the conquering hordes came northward to
the great lakes and over the vast land of the Western Cordilleras,
and spread southward to Peru ? And if so, we repeat, how came
they in Central America 'i Echo answers, how ? Or did they
come from the North, going southward, still and ever southward Y
The settled opinion seems to be that the invaders who swept those
older races from the face of the country came from the North ;
and, if so, why not tho former occupants as well ? And then
again the question arises, whence carae those northern invading
hordes if such there were? That portion of the continent could
not now nourish such hosts of men, nor furnish such a birthplace
of nations — how could it in ancient times ?

Some insist upon an American center and originating point
for the race, or rather for " nne of the races," as they say. Be it
so — but that only multiplies the miracle of the creation of man, re-
quiring not one but many "Edens." The sad fact appears to be
that much, very much of our opinion upon such subjects is bare
conjecture — simply "guesswork" and nothing more. It is
granted that races other and older than the Indians of Colum-
bus's, or at least of De Soto's time, have filled the land; but who
they were, whence they came, how long they dwelt, who swept
them away, and when and how the dread result was accomplished
we may imagine, we may guess, but the world will be none the
wiser therefor ; and these questions, though full of interest, can
probably never find an answer.

There might, indeed, be some apparent ground for an opin-
ion that tho ancient inhabitants of Mexico, Yucatan, Peru and
Colorado, as found by the Spanish explorers and conquerors in
the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, are the descendants of the
same people who built the "mounds" and "forts "and "em-
bankments " of the central regions ; yet even this is only a " may
be so." ' ^

And, where history is utterly wanting, conjecture is wholly un-
able to supply the lack. Volumes might be written, as they
have already been, and doubtless will be in time to come, but
who will know any more of the matter through their means ?

But not to dwell. This ancient people (or succession of peo-
ples) must have been numerous, intelligent, skillful, enterprising
and of long continuance ; and the loss of their history to the world
is a misfortuue that can never be regarded otherwise than with
profound regret.

The scant and meager remains that still exist from their nu-
merous and widely scattered works, make us wish only tho more
that we could know who and whence were this wondrous and mys-
terious race of men.

A book is extant, indeed, written some thirty years ago. con-
taining an account, apparently authentic and sincere, of the travels
and explorations of the author in the Mississippi Valley, as to tho
mounds in that vast region, which declares as a fact chat he found
among the Dakota or Sioux Indians, a venerable chief of great
age, named De-coo-dah, who claimed to be the last surviving mem-
ber of the Elk tribe, who were the remnants of the ancient
Mound-Builders. The author affirms that the old chief traveled
with him in the explorations of the ancient relics ; and, more-
over, that he made abundant statements, giving the traditions
handed down from his ancestors, of the reason and purpose of
the different kinds of structures visited by them. The work is
now very rare, only three copies being known to exist. One be-
longs to Prof. E. H. Butler, of Winchester, obtained, after much
time and trouble spent in search of it, through Clarke &. Co.,

publishers, of Cincinnati. Another was found in some old libra-
ry in the southern part of Indiana by Daniel Hough, Esq., late
of Fountain City, Ind., and now in the library loft by him at his
decease. That copy was obtained by Mr. Hough by exchanging
therefor $20 worth of other books. Another one ia known to
he in existence in the United States but its exact locality cannot
now by us be given. The title and description of the book is as
follows : " Traditions of De-coo-dah, and Antiquarian Researches,
comprising extensive explorations, surveys and excavations of the
wonderful and mysterious remains of the Mound-Builders in
America ; tho Traditions of the last Prophet of the Elk Nation
relative to their origin and use ; and the evidences of an ancient
population more numerous than the present Aborigines, by Will-
iam Pigeon. Published at New York by Horace Thayer, 18
Beekman street, New York, 1858. Entered in the Southern Dis-
trict of New York, 1852."

If space could be spared for the purpose, which, however,
cannot now bo done, it would be of deep interest to give a resume
of the contents of the treatise in question. Whether the book be
a true recital or not, we cannot tell. It seems to have every
mark of authenticity, and no appearance of fraud or trickery of
any kind. The announcement of the chief fact, that the author
had discovered a descendant of the Mound-Builders, may strike
many as being strange ; yet such a thing would be in itself no more
strange than the fact that the Welsh are descendants of tho
ancient Britons.

RELICS.

Numerous indeed and wonderful are the relics of these unknown
races of men, scattered through the length and breadth of the
Mississippi Valley and elsewhere; some of which also are to be
found in the county of Randolph. In Ohio alone, more than
10,000 mounds, and 1,500 inclosures and embankments are said
to have been found, all presumably the work of these races.
These mounds, etc., are found often covered by trees from five
to eight centuries old.

Shell heaps, apparently gathered by human hands, abound
all along the coast from Nova Scotia to Florida — some of them
are very extensive. One heap upon Stalling's Island in Savannah
River, 200 miles from its mouth, is 300 feet long, 120 feet wide,
and 15 feet high. Doctor Koch of St. Louis states that in
1839 he dug up, in tho bottom lands of the Bourbeuse River (in
Missouri), at eight or nine feet deep, the bones of a mastodon,
with legs standing erect and sunk in the deep tenacious clay.
Fires had been kindled around it, and, in the ashes, from two to
six inches deep, were found half-charred wood, half-burned bones,
stone arrow-heads, stone axes, rough stones, etc.

A year later the same gentleman discovered, in the bottom
of the Pomme de Terre River, Benton County, Mo., a skeleton
of a mastodon, almost entire, with two arrow-heads underneath
it. They lay in a bed of vegetable mold covered by strata of
sand, clay and gravel, hitherto undisturbgd, and on the surface
stood a forest of old timber.

The works which have been discovered are of diiferent kinds
in different regions. In Ohio, Indiana and Illinois the mounds
are round, square, or having many angles, re-entrant or otherwise.
In some rpgions, mounds are found in the shape of animals.

In Wisconsin, a few miles below the mouth of the Wisconsin
River, is one called the " Big Elephant Mound," from its shape
like an elephant. Tho length is 135 feet, and its width is in
proportion.

Many of tho works were probably for defense, many for
burial, some, perhaps, for worship, while to some no apparent
purpose has been assigned. Many of them are very large.

On the Scioto River are embankments, the aggregate length
of which is twenty miles!; The walls, in some cases, are twenty-
five feet high, with an outside ditch fifty to eighty feet wide.

Some inclosures contain 150 acres of ground. They are
arranged in groups of squares, circles, squares in circles, circles
in squares, etc.

niSTORY OF llANDOLPll COUNTY.

The mounds are of various shapes — pyramids, circles, trun-
cated, terraced, approached by inclined planes and what not.
Avenues between embankments appear, extending, in one instance,
near the Ohio River for sixteen miles.

The squares, circles, etc., are perfect, and, in some ciises,
more than a mile in circuit. Their shape and measurement are
so accurate as to show a high degree of geometrical knowledge
and skill.

I There are some Temple Mounds, so-called because they appear
like the Mound Temples in Mexico. Altar Mounds occur, con-
taining layers of ashes, etc.

In many of them are found relics of various kinds — pottery,
arrow-heads, axes and hammers (made of stone), copper tools,
pipes, images, and sometimes human bones, though mostly tne
sand banks and the gravel banks alone seem to have been lised
for places of burial.

The copper mines of Minnesota would appear at some remote
period to have been extensively worked by some ancient unknown
people. Trenches, twenty feet deep, have been found by modern
miners, containing tools made of stone, of copper and of wood,
and covered by centuries of vegetable and forest growth. In one
deserted mine in Minnesota there was found, eighteen feet down,
a mass of copper ore weighing six tons, raised up on a frame of
wood five feet high, apparently for removal. How they did these
tilings, moved tiiis mass, worked their copper, made their tools,
etc., is entirely unknown. Whether they used fire and molds,
or pounded the tools into shape with their J)onderous stone ham-
mers, or otherwise, will always remain a fathomless mystery.
Some of the mounds were of immense size. One at Cahokia,
111., covered six acres of ground, and its truncated top measured
200 by 450 feet, and its cubical area equaled one-fourth of that
of the great Pyramid of Ghizeh in Egypt. There are graded
roads leading from terrace to terrace, evidently for easiness of
access.

In Ohio has been found a work combining a square with two
circles. Each square measures exactly 1,080 feet to a side, and
the circles are precisely 1,700 and 800 feet. Implements have
been discovered made of polished porphyry, of granite, of jasper,
of quartz and of obsidian.

ANTIQOITIE.S.

[Note. — All kinds of curious antiquities are given promis-
cuously in the following sketch, whether strictly pre-historic or
not, and even though not pertaining to the ''Mound-Builders."]

RANDOLPH COUNTY.

There are many antiquities in Randolph County, i

embankments, etc., some of which are described beh

1. One of the best known is to be seen (partly) in the fair
grounds northwest of Winchester. It is an inclosure of forty-
three acres in the form of an exact square. The embankment was
from seven to ten feet high, with openings east and west eighty
feet wide; as also having a mound in the center of the area fif-
teen feet high. The whole inclosure and the embarkment also,
when found by the first settlers was covered with large forest
trees exactly like the adjacent regions. The eastern opening was
unprotected, the western one was surrounded outwardly by an
embankment shaped like a horse shoe open toward the gate,
joined on the north side to the main embankment, but left open
at the south side of the gate for a passage to the outer grounds.
The embankment has been considerably lowered throughout
the greater portion of its extent by cultivation, by the passage
of highways, etc., but it is still several feet high, and is very
plainly traceable along its entire extent.

Some of the bank on the south side toward the southeast
corner still remains as it existed at the first settlement of the
country. That part is now some six feet high, and perhaps
twenty-five feet wide. A large portion of the eastern bank has
lately been dug away for tlie purpose of brick-rnaking, and it is

said that charcoal is found scattered throughout the mass of clay
composing the embankment. '

On the side of a creek not very far distant were gravel
banks containing great quantities of human bones, which are said
to have been hauled away by wagon loads. These skeletons
were many of them large, but the bones wei'e much decayed, and
crumbled readily when disturbed and brought .out to the air.

2. Another embankment eiists on the Ileaston farm west
of" Winchester, neai the crossing of Sugar Ct-eek, inclosing per-
haps an acre — not very hi^h.

3. There are mounds m Washington Township. One is
iiear the Hogback Pike on the right of the Winchester and Lynn
road. It covers two acres an|l is forty or fifty feet high.

4. Up Sugar Creek on the Iluhtsville pike, a burial place
was excavated, throwing out bones and other things.

5. A remarkable hill or mound, forty or fifty feet high, com-
prising several acres, round like a ilattish liay -stuck, is in the
southeast corner of Washington Township.

6. In Paiater's gravel bank in the bluffs of Bear Creek, near
Elder Thomas Addington's (Section 32, 20, 14), were found (in
1879) fifty or sixty skeletons of human frames. Some had been
buried separately and some were in a trench three feet deep.
Those buried singly werd in a sitting posture with the lower
limbs extending horizontally. Those in the trench appeared to
have been thrown in promiscuously, some of them crosswise.
Some of the graves had been eight feet deep, others only three or
four. In the trench was surface earth mixed with the gravel,
elsewhere- the gravel was pure. Whether the gravel diggers have
uncovered the whole trench is not known.

Many, perhaps most, of the skeletons were of unusual size.
One jaw was so large as so pass readily outside when applied to
an ordinary man's face. One thigh bone was so long that, when
put beside the thigh of a man six feet high, the lower part of the
bone reached four inches below the knee.

The teeth in the jaws were perfectly sound, some were much
worn but none were decayed. No hair was found, nor any
woody nor fibrous material, such as cloth, etc. The bones were
brittle but the teeth were firm and solid. Elder Thomas Ad-
dington saw these things personally, helping to take the gravel
from the bank, and the bones from the gravel. He is a sober-
minded, intelligent, truthful man. Mr. Painter put the bones in
a box, and buried them on his farm.

Mr. Addington said one of the skeletons had high cheek
bones and long, thin skull like an Indian, and beside it were a
pipe and dog. The others were not so.

7. Skeletons have been found in, and taken from a gravel
bank near Joseph Mills's, on the Windsor pike, two miles south-
east of Farmland.

8. Two skeletons were found in Jones's bank near Olive
Branch.

9. East of Windsor and north of the Pike, on Esq. Thomp-
son's farm, may be seen a largo oval mound, covering an acre,
and twenty-five or thirty feet high. It is 450 yards round the
base and longer than it is wide. When dug into, it shows clay
mixed with ashes, and coal more or less. A chunk, seeming to
have been a sod of grass, was thrown up from the bottom of a
hole twenty feet deep, dug from the top vertically downward.
A red oak tree, four feet through, was standing (forty years ago)
near the top of the mound, but no other trees of much size were
on its surface. The ground around the mound was then covered
with large forest trees. There are now many trees growing along
the sides of the mound, from six to fifteen inches through.

An excavation of considerable size appeared (forty years ago)
perhaps twenty rods from the base of the mound, which is thought
to bo the place whence the earth for its construction was taken.

Another smaller mound lies across the river not far away.

Esq. Thompson has preserved many fine specimens of arrow
heads, hatchets, hammers, pestles, etc., picked up on his farm.
The hatchets and hammers have hollows cut around them for

HISTORY OK llANDOiJ'H COI'NTV.

withe handles. The relics arc all of stone. Many of ihcm are
worked smooth and highly polished.

10. There was found on Section 34, Town 20, Range 12,
on Bear Creek, Franklin Township, by George Addington, on
the farm upon which he resides, a hidden well. He was digging
in a low but not boggy place on his farui for stock-water. About
three feet down he struck some puncheons lying Hat, and upon
removing them he found below a hollow '' gum," and a well,
inclosed by the gum, ten or twelve feet deep. lie put in an oil
barrel to complete the " curb,'' and the well is there now, and he
uses it to water his stock.

11. Arthur McKcw, of llidgevillc, a prominent and relia-
ble citizen of the county for nearly fifty years, says that, when
he was taking the assessment of Greensfork Township (say
thirty-five years ago), a light-colored mulatto man who lived
apart from the "settlement" and who had a white wife, showed
him, not far from his house, what seemed to be a sort of a sunken
well, filled with logs set endwise in the earth, the ends of the
logs reaching to the top of the ground. The well ( if it was a
well) was in the center of a brush-pond, with more or less water
around it. The roots of the trees for some distance around had
been "blazed," the blazes pointing from several directions to-
ward the well as a central point.

Mr. McKew saw the well and the sunken logs and the
blazed trees, and it was his understanding that none of the set-
tlers had dug the well, nor filled it up nor had done the blazing,
and that none of them knew anything about how the thing
came there.

[Note. — The country in the region had been settled some
thirty years, and it is possible, though hardly probable, that the
work had been done by some of the settlers.]

12. There is a large, whitish, mound-like hill or knoll,
rounil and smooth, with neither trees nor grass, not far from
Snow Hill Station, north of Lynn, on the Grand liapids llail-
road, cast of the railroad and west of the [like. This knoll, cov-
ered in the winter with snow, is thought to have given the name
to the old town, orhamlot, of Snow Hill.

1-'!. The graveyard in Jericho ( Friend.^ ) seems to have been
an ancient burial ground, and human bones have at ditferent
times been thrown out where none were known to have been
buried. The graveyard is a large gravelly knoll, of an acre or
more, ten or fifteen feet high, at a (listance from any stream of
water.

14. The gravel bank which forms the graveyard at Arba
is an ancient burial ground.

15. Bones have been taken from a gravel bank northwest
of Spartansburg.

16. Human bones were found in a gravel hill north of
Stocksdale's, east of the pike, and southeast of Bartonia.

17. In a gravel bank on the west side of White River, west
of Mt. Zion Church, near Nathan Butts's, were found several
skeletons; and, Avith nearly every one, coals of fire seem to have
been thrown in. They were three or four feet below the surface,
lying horizontally, and mostly large 'L'he teeth were solid,
though some were worn.

[Rev. N. T. Butts, who lives near and helped take them out,
is our informant.]

18. There is a considerable knoll, or mound, in Washing-
ton Township, west of the railroad and of the wagon roail that
passes along west of the railroad and parallel thereto. It is
southwest of Snow Hill station, located in Cal. Johnson's field,
and in sight of the large clayey knoll (No. 12).

1!). There are some circular embankments on the Bales
farm (now owned by Mr. Branson), not farfrom Cedar (Friends)
Meeting House, in Stony Creek Township, a little north of Cabin
Creek. In one place there are two circular embankments to-
gether. The circles cut each other. A mound is in the center
of each circle, higher than the embankment. The earth for both
the wall and the mound would seem to have been taken from the

space between the two. The embankments are now about three
feet higher than the level of the ground outside. The central
mounds are perhaps ten feet across and four feet high. The
ground inclosed in both is about three acres, two acres in the
larger and one acre in the smaller. There is an opening like a
wagon-way on the east side of each inolosure.

20. Another on the same farm (Bales's) and on the other
side of Cabin Creek, is a semi-circle opening to the west. The
opening is nearly closed by a curved bank, except a space about
twelve feet wide at each end of the bank. There are depressions
leading through the passage ways. In the center is a mound
fifteen feet across, and the inclosure is about two feet high
(1880), containing two acres. South and near by, is another
mound fifteen feet across and four feet high.

The fields have been tilled thirty or forty years (or even
longer.) At first they were covered by the forest and their
height was much greater than at present.

21. Near Buena Vista a stone wall was found near the sur-
fiico at the base of a hill, extending downward into the earth.
How doej) it went or how long the wall was, our informant does
not know. The part he saw was a rod or so long. It was be-
tween Buena Vista and Unionsport, on the south side of the
•oad, on land owned by Elliott, about one-half mile south of

the r

ad.

22. Temple Smith (now living near Stone Station) picked
uitastonc (triangular, six inches to a side) an inch thick, scoopcil
hollowing in the middle on both sides, very smooth, and highly
polished, of a dark, yellowish cast.

23. On Mulligan's farm east of Stone Station, Mr. Lewis
f<jund (ten or twelve years ago), a dark, streaked stone, very
smooth, long and round, two inches through, with a smooth,

I round hoi.! drilled nearly through lengthwise ; one end had been
j broken olV, the otlKr was smooth and fiat.

24. /imri Moll'at, east of Winchester, found a tombstone with
part broken oft', 144 years old. [When it was found was not

I told].

2o. When digging a well near Solomon Wright's, not far
I from the mouth of Cabin Creek, the diggers found, at the depth
j of twenty-five feet, a walnut log six inches thick. They cut the
j log out as long as the wiMi of the well, and brought it to the top.
j This was thirty years ago. The log lay at least ten feet below
the channel or bod of Cabin Creek near by.

20. A Mr. Osborn, who was at Amos Smith's, one-half
mile south of Powers' Station, Jay County, Ind., told as follows
[1880] :

In a ditch dug by Joseph Stevens, in the northeast part of
Green Township, nearly south of Powers' Station, to drain a pond,
great numbers of human bones were taken out, many being of
unusual size. The jaw bones were full of teeth.

The jaw.s were Iirittle, and the teeth, though sound and solid
in texture, were yet so loose as to shake readily in the sockets.

There was founil also what seemed to be a shriveled hand,
like the hand of a little child.

[Not:;.— Whether any remains of mastodons or other huge
animals have come to light in Randolph County, we are unable
at present to say. No such discovery has ever come to our
knowledge].

IIISTORV OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

(JlLAl'TER n.

INDIAN insTOKV.

V'KUAL-INI.IAN '1

uiiiks-Ua('ks — ('unci

S-MlSi'Kr.LAKK(l

Kkminiscknces-

Ti!()Ui)Li:s— Wails — T

tiCATiKs — ltnsi;i;\

TOWNS— ]!UUVIN(

GUOUNDS-UlCTIlOsri

(;t— DlcsTiNV— W

AND Chief— Pea(

E Coming— TixvMSKu'

AVau-Tiii;Em).

j GENERAL.

T PROM its first (liscovery by Do Soto in 1540, as also at and
Jj after the time when La Sally and the French pioneers explored
the great river in 1680, down to the period 6f which \vc intend-
more especially to treat, tliere had been e.xisting through the
whole Mississippi Valley a somewhat dense Indian population.
AVlien De Soto reached the Mississippi (as rchited by his
clironicler), " A great cacique, Aquixo, came to meet the strang-
ers with an imposing array of 200 canoes, filled with armed men,
a part of whom stood up to protect the rowers with feathered
shields, but all with their bodies and faces painted, and their
heads adorned with plumes of many colors. The caciques and
other chiefs were sheltered under awnings. Tlie canoes were
most neatly made, and were very large, and, with their pavilions,
feathers, shields and standards, looked like a fleet of galleys.
They brought presents of fish and fruit and bread ; and came,
they said, to welcome and do homage to the strangers."

And when the French explorers floated down the river to
Akansea, and when La Salle after them and 140 years later
than De Soto, guided his adventurous canoe along the current of
the mighty Father of Waters downward to the Gulf of i\Icxico.
and set up the cross and tlie flag of France, as a token of the
proud claim that this whole vast region belonged by right of dis-
covery and exploration to the haughty monarch of that proud
kingdom, — they found, at every point, abundant evidences of a
numerous population.

INDIAN TRICES.

At that time and long before it, the region now composing
the territory of Indiana was occupied by the tribes of Indians
belonging to the Miami confederacy.

That confederacy consisted of several Algonfjuin tribes, and
it had been formed many years before for mutual protection and
defense, especially against the fierce and powerful Iroquois, or
Five Nations, who had made frequent and fatal incursions into
the beautiful valley against the Indians dwelling therein. Prom-
inent among these Western tribes were the Miamis, the Pottawat-
omies, the Weas, the Piankeshaws, etc.

KEKIONGA.

At the junction of the St. Mary's and the St. Joseph's, near
what is now the city of Ft. Wayne, .stood, as the key to the grand
thoroughfare from tlie lakes to the Ohio, Kekionga, the ancient
and venerated capital of the Miamis. It had been visited by
white men at least as early as 1076 (and jierhaps even much
earlier than that, as late researches into the French accounts of
the explorations of those times would seem to indicate). Says a
narrator. Judge , given in Tattle's History of Indiana :

"The ancient route between the Ottawa (Maumee) and tlie
Wabash, and onward to the Ohio and the Mississippi, was first made
known to the French in Canada by a visit of one of their priests
from the mission on Lake Michigan to Kekionga about the year
1676. Nor can there be any doubt that Baron La Salic was at
Kekionga in the year 1680, as his letter to the Governor General
of Canada states that fact, and also mentions that the route
alluded to had already been traversed by French traders from
Canada."

La Salle is said by some to have built a stockade fort at
Kekionga in 1680. Vincennes was at the place in 1705, and
found there several Indian traders from Pennsylvania. Periiaps
Vincennes at that time (1705) built the French stockade, the dim

1 visible when Gen. Wayne built Ft.

i of the Western India

outlines of which \
Wayne in 1794.

INIIIAN I

A brief account may here be ;
and of their Eastern enemies.

Two great confeileraoies had been formed.

1. The Iroquois in the East. 2. The Miamis in the West.

The Iroquois confederacy is supposed to have begun with the
Mohawks, that tribe uniting at first with the Oneidas. After-
ward the league was enlarged by the accession thereto of the
Onondagas, the Senecas, the Cayugas ; and, after many years,
finally by the Tuscaroras (in 1712). Their territory was at first
in New York and Canada, but they enlarged their hunting grounds
by conquest, till at length they roamed over parts of New En-
gland, over New York, Kentucky, Virginia and Illinois. They
had warred against the tribes in the Ohio region, and obliged them
also to combine for the common protection and defense.

The Algonquins, consisting of many tribes, occupied portions
of the country from Massachusetts and New Jersey on the cast
to the Mississippi on the west. The chief nations were the New
England Indians, the Mohegans, Delawares and Powhatans in
the central East, and the Ottawas, Chippewas, Sacs and Foxes,
Miamis, Shawnees, etc., in the Mississippi Valley.

The Algonquins were a splendid race, rivaled only by the
Dakotas in the West and the Iroquois in the Lake Regions. The
Miamis were perhaps the leading Algonquin nation, at any rate,
among the ablest belonging to that race.

The tribes mainly inhabiting Indiana were the Miamis, the
Pottawatomies, the Weas and the Kickapoos.

The Shawnees were chiefly in Southern Ohio and Kentucky
and the Illinois between the Wabash and the Mississippi.

The tribes in the Missi.ssippi Valley, northwest of the Ohio,
had been greatly weakened by their fierce conflicts with the power-
ful Iroquois, yet they still had considerable strength. For many
years after the coming of the French, they were able to muster a
large array of armed warriors, e(iuippod for attack or for defense,
and, even up to the beginning of the second decade of the nine-
teenth century, continued to cause much fear and suSering, and
great calamity upon the encroaching and aggressive white man.

INDIAN CHIEFS.

Miamis. Meche-cun-naquah, or Little Turtle, 1747-1812.
Jean B. Richeville (Richardville), 1761-1841. Francis La Fon-
taine, 1810-1847. The Godfreys, Fram.ois and Lewis, lived at
Godfrey Farm, and then at the mouth of the Mississinewa.

Fottim atomies, Metea, died 1827 ; Waubunsee, war uf 1812.

Delawares, Red Hawk, battle of Kanawha.

Ciujuija or Mingo, Logan, battle of Kanawha.

Slunviwe, Spemica Lawba (Iligh-horn) or Capt. Logan, born
on Mad River, Ohio, 1788 ; friendly to the whites ; gave great aid
to the whites; killed near Fort Wayne, 1812.

Cornstalk, battle of Kanawha, 1774 ; treacherously murdered
l)y the white soldiers in a fort which he had entered peaceable and
friendly.

Shawanose, Blue Jacket, at Wayne's victory, 1794 ; chief
spirit among the tribes. Black Wolf, born in Florida, of high
rank; cunning, graceful, brave; was at Braddock's defeat,
and So on to 1794 ; was mild and merciful ; died at Wapokonet-
ta, one hundred and ten years old. Tecumseh, born on Mad
River. Ohio, 1768; killed on the Thames, Canada, 1813. The
Prophet, brother of Tecumseh, confederate with him ; survived
the war ; pensioned by British Government.

WyaiidotH, Nicholas ; conspiracy of 1747-48.

Ottaivas, Pontiac, war of 1763, near Detroit.

BIOORAl'lUES.

I\Ir. Hawkins says : (Joseph Hawkins, of Jay County, Ind.)
" I was well acquainted with Johnny Green, the old Indian war-
rior mentioned by Jere Smith.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

17

" The Indian chiefs were Cornstalk, Blue Jacket, Split Log
and Capt. Johnny, Shawnees or Delawares ; Kichardville and
the two Godfreys, Fran(;ois and Lewis, Miamis.

" This Cornstalk was not the chief who led the Indians in the
battle of th(; Kanawha, 1774. That Cornstalk (as also his son)
was basely ghot while in a fort by the soldiers therein, into which
he and his boo had gone in a peaceable and friendly manner."

Mr. Htvwkins was intimate when a boy with the Godfroy
chiefs and thsir families. He gives the following incident con-
cerning Poqua Godfroy (son of Chief Fran(;ois):

" Poqufe Godfroy (son of Chief Francois) got into an affray
at Hamilton. He was about twenty-one years old. He was
frightened, and thought the white folks were going to kill him,
and so he tried to be beforehand with them, and sliished away right
and left himself. He was arrested for assault and battery, but
was at length released on bail, and suffered to depart. On his
way home,' the first man he saw whom he knew was my brother,
Samuel Hawkins, at Winchester, after the mail. The boy was
wild with joy ; he cried out, ' 0, you my friend; you shall go
home with me. They try to kill me, but you my friend ! '

" And Samuel took his mail that way, and went home with
Poqua and stayed overnight at the house of the old chief, much
to the delight of the frightened Indian boy and his aged father
also." Chief Godfroy afterward moved to the mouth of the Mis-
sissenewa, uni died there not far from 1840. Ilis stately monu-
ment is still to be seen on the north side of the river near the
mouth.

Godfroy was the home chief, and Richeville was the war chief
of the Miamis. Godfroy was an honest, upright, reliable man,
esteemed by the whites and beloved by the Indians.

Black 'Hoof [Cat-ah6-kasa], a Shawnee chief, was born in
Florida, wliije his tribe sojourned in the South. They returned
to Ohio and he with them.

The tirue of his birth is not known, but he was a leading
chief at Bi-addock's defeat, in 1755, and in all the Indian wars
for forty years afterward.

He felt keenly the encroachments of the whites, and fought
them with the bitterness of desperation. But, seeing at last the
utter hopelessness of the struggle, he yielded, and ever afterward
he stood for peace. Tecumseh tried to draw the old chief into
his conspifacy, but tried in vain. Black Hoof liad fought the
whites long enough, and bade the fierce Tecumseh go his way.
He opposed polygamy, living forty years with a single wife and
rearing a large family of children. He died at Wapokonetta,
aged one Jtundred and ten years.

Blue Jacket [Weya-pier-scn-wah], a Shawnee chief, was
the Indiati leader at their defeat by Gen. Wayne in 1794.
In the council held before the battle, the decision would have
been for p(!ace, but his voice changed the day, and they made the
attack an(i were routed.

He was at the treaty of Greenville, spoke for peace, signed
the treaty and kept his word.

Cornstalk (the elder) was a Shawnee chief of bravery and
distinction, and one of the leaders of his tribe at the battle of the
Kanawha (Point Pleasant), Va., in 1776. He had tried before
that disastrous engagement to induce his people to bury the
hatchet, but in vain. After that, however, his efforts were
crowned with success. He submitted in good faith to the whites,
joined in the treaty and observed it faithfully, and lived quietly
and at pejicp. Some of the Indians, however, remained hostile,
and such was the temper of the times and so ready were the
whites to commit atrocities against the helpless "red men," that,
in 1777, wtten Cornstalk and his son, Enilipsco, both of excellent
character, of kindly disposition, and entirely and sincerely friendly
and peacojible, entered, in amity and good will, the American fort
at Point pleasant, they were murdered in cold blood. Cornstalk
himself foil pierced by seven or eight bullets. His grave is said
yet to be visible at Point Pleasant near the site of the ancient
fortress.

Some of the descendants of the old chief are thought to be
still living, residing on the Kansas River. One of his sons lived
to a greatly advanced age.

^'■Johnny Green" was a chief who dwelt in the region of Ran-
dolph, and w.as well known to many of the settlei's of that time.
Several mention him in their " Reminiscences." He was some-
what noted in the Indian wars, being present at " Wiiyne's vic-
tory " in 1794. He is supposed to have been concerned in the
killing of Morgan in Wayne County. He had much provoca-
tion to the deed, since Morgan was a bitter " Indian hater,"
and had, not very long before, undertaken treacherously to procure
the murder of the old Indian. At Brookville (perhaps),
"Johnny" had obtained leave to accompany some whites in a
trip they were making. Soon after they started, Morgan, among
others, tried to induce the crowd to kill Green, and succeeded in
getting a vote to that effect. One of the party took Johnny under
his protection, and got him safely away.

A white man was burned at the stake by the Indians some-
where east of Muncie, but the particulars of the fact, whether as
to reasons, time or parties engaged, we have never learned.

[Note. — Whether this " Johnny Green's tribe " (mentioned
below) belonged to the "Johnny Green " already named, we are
not able to state. There may have been more than one " Johnny
Green," as there were two "Cornstalks" and two " Killbucks."
Johnny Green's Tribe. — They emigrated to the West and
settled in Iowa, and they now live in Story County, near Mar-
shalltown, on the Iowa River, above Iowa Rapids.

Johnny Green, the old chief, is dead, and his son, "Buck
Green," is now chief The number of the tribe is about 350.
They own a reserve of land ; have good houses and dress mostly
like whites, though the women go bareheaded and wear blan-
kets and moccasins, Indian-fashion.

The men spend most of their time in hunting ; the women
make baskets and beadwork and other curious things. The
tribe is harmless and peaceable. The squaws may often be seen
riding by on ponies, with pannier baskets laden with trinkets
for sale, and having, besides, a child in each basket, the whole
cavalcade presenting a sight comical to behold. [This account is
given by a friend of the author's, who resides in Iowa in the
vicinity of the tribe in question].

. Francis La Fontaine, Miami Chief.— His Indian name was
To-pe-ah. His father was French and his mother a Miami woman,
and he was born near Ft. Wayne, in 1810. In 1832, he married
Catharine (Po-con-go-qua), daughter of Chief Richardville, and
upon the old chief's death was chosen principal chief. He
moved to the forks of the Wabash, and lived there till the re-
moval of his tribe west of the Mississippi, in 1846.

He spent the Winter with his people, but returned in the spring ;
was taken ill on the journey, and died at La Fayette, April 13,
1847, aged thirty-seven years. In person, he was tall, corpulent
and robust, a man of wonderful size and strength, his usual weight
being 350 pounds. He presented, when dressed in Indian cos-
tume, a splendid specimen of manly dignity.

He had seven children, only two of whom are now living.
His body was embalmed at La Fayette, brought to Hunting-
ton and buried there.

Edward Edger, long time a dealer in furs, etc., with the In-
dians, says that one chief La Fontaine, was living there ten or
twelve years ago, on the Indian Reserve, that he visited that
chief at that time, at his house in that region.

JoJin B. Richardiiille (Pe-che-wa), was the son of the sister
of Little Turtle, Taucumwah, by a French trader, Joseph
Drouct de Richeville, born about 1761. Pe-che-wa became
the recognized chief by a daring act of humane valor when but a
young man. He was present at Harm.ar's defeat in 1790 ; signed
the treaty of Greenville in 1795, of Ft. Wayne and of Vin-
cennes in 1809, and of St. Mary's in 1818.

In 1827, he built a fine dwelling on his reservation, five miles
from Ft. Wayne. He was an extensive trader, having an estab-

HJ8T()]IV OF RANDOLl

lishmentin Ft. Wayne, but moving, in 1836, to the Forks of the
Wabash, he died at his house at St. Mary's, August 13 ,1841,
aged about eighty-one years. He was of middling height and
weight, quiet, modest and retiring, but genteel and manly in his
deportment with the whites, and having a large influence over his
people and, moreover, highly respected and confided in by the
white settlers. His daughters erected a marble monument over

He was succeeded by Francis La Fontaine, who had married
Catharine, daughter of Richardyille,

Captain Logan (Spemica Lawba — High Horn), a Shawnee
chief, was born on Mad River, Ohio, in 1778. He was captured
when a lad by Capt. Benjamin Logan, of Kentucky, in 1786 ;
was adopted by him, and afterward returned to his tribe, con-
tinuing, however, to be the friend of the whites. This friend.ship
he showed in a most remarkable manner, finally sealing his fidel-
ity with his hlood.

He was one of Gen. Hull's guides to Detroit in 1812. Af-
terward he conducted twenty-five women and children from Ft.
Wayne to Piqua, through the wilderness, with signal kindness
and humanity, making the entire journey without sleep, and
treating his helpless charge with the utmost gentleness and the
most delicate attention.

During the siege of Ft. Wayne by the Indians, after the
surrender of Detroit by Hull in August, 1812, it was determined
to send relief from Piqua, and it became necessary to convey the
information to the beleaguered fort. Two white men with Capt.
Logan and some friendly and faithful Shawnees undertook the
perilous task. They paissed the besiegers and reached the fort
in safety, and Capt. Logan, with Capt. Johnny and Bright Horn,
two of his Indian companions, retraced their steps to their com-
rades, who were waiting outside the besiegers' linos. The rc-en-
forcoraents reached the fort, and the Indians finally withdrew and
abandoned the siege. Subsequently he met his death in a most
affecting manner, which can be best related by quoting (substan-
tially) from " Kingma.n Bros.' History of Allen County, Ind."

On the morning of November 22, 1812, a subordinate officer
charged him with unfaithfulness. Stung by this charge and to
prove its falsity, he started with Capt. Johnny and Bright Horn
down the Maumee to reconnoiter. Suddenly they were surprised
and captured by a company under Winarnac, a Pottawatomie chief,
and Elliot, a half-breed in the British employ. Seizing the op-
portunity, they attacked their captors, killing two and wounding
three more. Logan, however, received a fatal wound, and Bright
Horn was also wounded. Capt. Johnny mounted the two wound-
ed men, each upon one of the enemy's horses, and started them
toward the camp, which they reached about midnight. He stayed
long enough to secure Winamac's scalp, and came in on foot,
reaching camp by daylight. Capt. Logan lingered two days in
intense suffering, and died. He was buried with the honors of
war, but his death cast a gloom over the entire army, and espe-
cially caused great grief to him whose bitter words had impelled
Capt. Logan to the act by which he met his untimely death at
the early age of thirty-four.

Metea, a Pottawatomie chief, was a brave, skillful and
athletic warrior, reaching the acme of his power during the war
of 1812. Ho undertook to ambush Gen, Harrison's army as they
were marching to the relief of Ft. Wayne.

He might perhaps have succeeded, but hi.< party were dis-
covered by Capt. Mann of the American forces. Metea was
behind a tree, but his left arm was e.\posed. Capt. i\Iann
instantly took aim, crippled the arm, and rushed forward in hot
pursuit. Metea fled and escaped.

The chief's arm never recovered, and Metea often recounted
the incident, giving Capt. Mann great praise for his bravery. He
was remarkably intelligent, a fine orator, and an acute reasoner.
He died in 1827 from poison by some hostile Indians.

Liltle Turtle. (Me-che-cun-ne-qiiah) was tlie son of A(]uc-
nac-que, a great Miami war chief, who represented his nation at

the treaty of Lancaster, Pcnn., in 1748. Little Turtle was born
in 1748. His mother was a Mohegan, and a superior woman.
They lived at the Turtle village on Eel River, sixteen miles
northwest of Fort Wayne. He showed remarkable power and skill
even from boyhood, and, on the death of his father, was chosen
chief of his tribe. He proved the wisdom of the choice by his
wonderful prowess. He led the savages at Harmar's and St.
Clair's defeats ; he was at the attack on Fort St. Clair, near
Eaton, Ohio, in November, 1792, as also at the action at Fort
Recovery, Ohio, in June, 1704. He took part in the fight at
Wayne's victory in the fall of 1794, though he protested against
attacking Gen. Wayne and advocated peace with the whites.

The Government built him a house on his reservation at Eel
River in consideration of his efl"orts for peace, and he lived like a
white man. In 1802 (or 180-3), he appealed to the Legislature of
Kentucky to stop the sale of liquors to the Indians, and likewise
to that of Ohio, but without success. He said: "They [the
traders] strip the poor Indian of skins, guns, blankets, everything,
while the squaws and children lie shivering and starving in his
wigwam," — a picture true to the life, and a burning shame to the

He firmly opposed Tecuraseh in his schemes for a general
war, and, January 25, 1812, wrote to Gen, Harrison pledging him-
self to do all in his power to preserve peace. But shortly after-
ward he died. He had the gout and went to Fort Wayne to
obtain medical aid, but without avail, for he died July 14, 1812,
at the " Old Orchard," in his tent. He was buried with the
honors of war, and his Indian ornaments and accouterments,
including a sword, given him by Gen. Washington, and a medal
having upon it Gen. W.'s likeness, were buried with him.

Some years afterward Coesse, his nephew, who was himself a
chief, came to Fort Wayne und pronounced a most elo<iuent and
pathetic oration over tiie grave of his uncle, which was listened to
with deep interest by many of the citizens of Fort Wayne.

Wauhumee, Pottowatamie, was a cruel and vindictive savage.
He often became drunk, and was then more of a devil than a
man ; yet he was reckone<l a brave and daring chief. He was one
who added to the awful savagery of tlie terrible massacre after
the surrender at Fort Dearborn by his ferocious brutality.

Francois Godfroij \^:\?, a Miami chief; he lived on the "God-
froy Reserve" till about 1839, when he sold out and moved to
the mouth of the Mississincwa, where he died about 1840, and
where his monument is still to be seen on the north side of the
river, near the mouth. He had three sons — Francis, Poqua and

There were several Indian villages in that region — White
Woman's Village, Deaf Man's Village, Blind j\Lan's Village,
and Cote Sippon's Village. Meshomingia's Village was farther
up the Wabash.

Godfroy was a fine ?pecimen of Indian character, as were also
several of the other chiefisofthe region — Cornstalk, Richardville,
La Fontaine, etc.

Tcciiimcli, Shawnee chief, was born near the Indian town
of Piqua, on Mad River, Ohio, in 1708. His parents moved
from Florida about 1750. His father was killed in tiie famous
battle at Point Pleasant, on the Kanawha in Western Virginia.
Tecumseh became leader of the tribe, being declared chief some
time before 1795, living then near Deer Creek, Urbana, Ohio.
In 1798, he is supposed to have changed his residence to White
River, Indiana. Judge Wharry, of Greenville, whoso memory
extends back to those times, says that Tecumseh and his brother
came to Mud Creek, near Greenville, and took up their residence
there not far from 1799. He says that their tribe had driven
them away, and that they were still living near Greenville at the
first settlement of Darke County, and that the place where they
had their dwelling is still called Tecumseh Point. If this be so,
and Judge Wharry would seem to have the means of knowing ttie
ficts, the statement explains their whereabouts lietwcen 1708 and
1809. His brother, Lau-le-wa-si-kau, announced himself as a

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

" Prophet" by the name of Pems-quat'a-wah (Open Door.) Te-
cumseh \Yas five feet ten inches high, stoutly buiit, and of great
endurance, of superior shrewdness and skill, and large intelligence
for an Indian. He is stated to have been able to read and
write. He is said also to have occupied the first dwelling on
the site of Chicago. Tecuraseh, in 1809, was at Harrison's
treaty at Fort Wayne, and would not sign that treaty, severely
denouncing also those who did so. In 1810, he traversed the
Southern regions, stirring up the Indians of the whole eastern
Mississippi Valley to vengeance and a war of extermination ; and
with much success, though many, especially in the Northwest,
refused to join him.

He traveled incessantly, haranguing his dusky countrymen
with wonderful eloquence, and amazing power and effect. He
opposed land grants by the Indian tribes, declaring that they
should give no more foothold to the white intruders. The excite-
ment amn.ig the Indians was very great, though Tecumseh failed
to carry the whole body of his race to his views and plans. If
ho had been able to do so, the disastrous results would have
indeed been terrible beyond conception. Even as it was, they
were fearful enough. Tecumseh was greatly enraged at his
brother the Prophet, because he had precipitated the conflict
between the Indians and the whites before he (Tecumseh) was
ready. The result of the battle at Tippecanoe (Prophet's Town),
so disastrous to the Indians, disconcerted their plans, and greatly
discouraged the haughty leaders and their wild and savage fol-
lowers ; but the contest was still kept up for some two years, till
the death of Tecumseh at the battle of the Thames, in Canada,
in 1813, crushed the hopes of the warriors, and a lasting peace
was made.

Gov. Harrison from Vincennes had tried to conciliate the
chieftain and his brother before the war opened, but in vain.

He marched at length to Tippecanoe, and November 7, 1811,
resisting a terrible night attack of seven hundred Indians, routed
them in the morning, burned the Prophet's Town, and marched
back to Vincennes triumphant.

Tecumseh was in the south at the time, and on his return,
finding the Indian power broken, attached himself to the British,
betaking himself and the braves who still clung to him to Canada
for the purpose.

Tecumseh, though stern and savage, had yet some noble
traits. He was less cruel than some of the British officers. Like
the Mohawk chief, Thayandanega [Brant], in the Revolution,
who was far less cruel than Col. Walter Butler, the Tory parti-
san, and many times saved prisoners when Butler would have
slain them, so Tecumseh, though fierce and furious, yet inter-
fered in behalf of mercy against the relentless Proctor, the Brit-

Tecuraseh was active with the English in Canada after he
joined them till he was killed at the battle of the Thames, Octo-
ber 5, 1813. His death utterly crushed the hopes of the native
confederacy. A large portion of the Indians had held out against
all the efforts of Tecumseh and his brother, and now the " hos-
tiles " submitted, and for this region Indian war waB forever at
an end.

In several battles soon after, in the south, the Indian power
in that region also was demolished. At Emuckfau, January 22,
1814, the Creeks were defeated by Gen. Jackson. March 27,
1814, at 'Tohopeka [Horseshoe Bend], a bend in the Tallapoosa,
the Creeks, a thousand strong, besides their women and children,
in a strong fortification awaited the final onset of the whites.
Gen. Jackson led his men to the attack, storming the breastworks
and killing the whole number. The chiefs who were not at the
battle submitted, and the power of the nation was at an end.

Maj. Adams, who was in Harmar's defeat, and who was in
later years Judge of Darke County Court, had five balls shot
into him in that terrible battle, which he carried to the end of
his days, as a continual reminder of Indian prowess.

Gen. St. Clair was utterly unfit for the command of such an

expedition into the wilderness against fierce and unruly savages.
He was bed-ridden and helpless with the gout. He could neither
mount nor dismount his horse without help, and his second in
command. Brig. Gen. Richard Butler, was killed in the fatal bat-
tle resulting in St. Clair's defeat.

Harmar's army is said to have been in a wretched condition,
lacking supplies and almost in mutiny. St. Clair's men, it is
stated, were much in the same condition, the troops worn out with
forced raiirches, and half starved with great lack of rations. Both
armie.'' were badly supplied, badly fed, badly led, badly handled ;
and bad, shameful, disgraceful defeats were the wretched result.
The efforts of the Indian braves at various times since the intrusion
of the European invaders to rid the country of their hated pres-
ence have indeed been heroic ; and, in any other race of men,
would have challenged and commanded the admiration of man-
kind. Opecancanough, Philip of Po-kan-o-ket, Pontiac, Tecum-
seh, Osceola, Capt. Jack, and others like them, struggled bravely,
as much so, perhaps, considering the fearful odds against them,
as any people under the sun, but ever in vain. They saw the
wave of invasion rolling fiercely and ceaselessly over the land,
and put forth herculean and sometimes frantic attempts to check
its progress and destroy its power, but their cunning and their
fury were alike for naught.

Tecumseh was an orator of wonderful power, and his speech
in reply to Gov. Harrison, at Vincennes, was one of the most
remarkable ever delivered. The chief was straight, athletic,
manly, dignified ; and in a most impassioned appeal he described
the wrongs of his race by the Vihite man, and declared his uncon-
querable determination to submit no longer, but to stand to the
death, and crush the white man's power or be crushed thereby.

That interview between the two chieftains. Gov. Harrison and
Tecumseh, is historic. It was the stern defiance of the red man,
and his bitter challenge to a grand, final and exterminating con-

Tecumseh was bold, intrepid, arrogant. As the Governor was
speaking, " Tell him he lies," broke from the Indian warrior,
which ended the interview. The next day, at the final confer-
ence, Tecumseh said, " The whites must not cross the ' old bound-
ary.' " Replied Gon. Harrison, " The United States will enforce
the treaty, by the sword, if need be." " So be it," was the reply
of the warrior, and they parted, to meet in person during life no

Tecumseh hasted southward, and, by heroic and almost super-
human exertions, he undertook to arouse the native tribes to
relentless hostility. While he was absent, the battle of Tippe-
canoe had occurred, contrary to his express orders, and frustrat-
ing all his plans. Still, however, he kept a bold front, striving
constantly to maintain the conflict against the United States. In
1812 or 1813, he joined Gen. Proctor at Maiden, and took part
in the battle of the Thames, October 5, 1813, in which the famous
chieftain was killed. By whom the act was done has been reck-
oned uncertain. Most have supposed that Col. R. M. Johnson,
of Kentucky, was the fortunate personage, but a statement is
made in a " History of Indiana and of Elkhart County," Charles
C. Chapman & Co., Chicago, 1881, as follows, page 108 :

" Tecumseh was killed at the battle of the Thames, October
5. 1813, by a Mr. Wheatly, as we are positively informed by Mr
A. J. James, now a resident of La Hsrpe Township, Hancock
Co , 111., whoso father-in-law, John Pigman, of Coshocton County,
Ohio, was an eye witness." Col. Johnson never positively
claimed the honor of having killed Tecumseh, but his simple
statement of the circumstatices of that battle seemed to render
it probable that he had done so, and most people have thought
he did.

As has been stated, the death of Tecumseh crushed among
the Indians every possible hope of success, and they sucoumbec^

Lau-le-was-i-kaw, the Prophet, who called himself Pems-
quat-a-wah (Open Door), was a Shawnee warrior, and the broth-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

er of tlie celebrated Tccuraseh ; was a good orator, and ingratiat-
ed himself with the tribes by denouncing witchcraft, the U3e of
liquor, mingling with white men in marriage, dress, etc. He
pretended to cure all diseases and to make his tribes victorious.
Ho leagued with his brother, Tecumseh, establishing himself at a
town nonr T,a Fayette.

In the battle of Tippecanoe, he stood on a hill singing a favor-
ite war song, assuring them of an easy victory. Their defeat
broke their faith in the Prophet and crushed the confederacy.

The Prophet took up his abode with a few Wyandots, on
Wildcat Creek, his town being destroyed November 8, 1811.

In 1812, the Prophet and some warriors moved to Detroit
and were received as friends and allies of Great Britain.

At the close of the war he retired to Canada, returning after-
ward to the Shawnee settlement in Ohio, and still again emi-
grating westward beyond the Mississippi, where he died in 1834.
The British Government allowed him a pension till his death.
Judge Wharry (often mentioned in these sketches) says that he,
when a lad, saw the "Prophet," in 1813, at Frankfinton, near
Columbus, Ohio.

He seems to have been far inferior to his brother, the fam-
ous chieftain, in the elements of greatness; and to his incompe
tence as a leader, Tecumseh always charged the defeat of his
plans and the crushing failure of all his schemes for the con-
quest of the whites; although it is, of course, true, that no possi-
ble combination among the Indians could have achieved success
against the superior intelligence and power of the redoubtable
white race.

Black Hmok, Sac chief, was a famous warrior and chieftain
(born at the mouth of Rock River, 1767), who led his nation in
the struggle of the savages against the whites about 1832. After
a few months of conflict he was taken prisoner and carried to
Washington and elsewhere, to let him realize by veritable eye-
sight the actual and wondrous superiority of the whites over his
own people. He saw, and was convinced, and submitted to terms
of peace and amity.

He died about 1837 or 1838, on the banks of the Des Moines,
in Iowa, in what is now the county of Davis, where his remains
were deposited above ground in Indian style. [Another account
snys he was buried in a grave six feet deep.] They were stolen
and carried away, but were recovered by the Governor of Iowa,
and placed in the museum of the historical society at Burling-
ton, Iowa, where they were finally destroyed by fire.

David Connor, Indian trader and chief [white man], came
to Greenville in 1811 or 1812, and opened a small store and trad-
ing house, from which he dispensed blankets, calico, powder, lead,
flints, tobacco, whisky and what not, to the "noble red men."
He was married, but his wife remained in Greenville, refusing to
accompany him in his wild life among the Indians. Although a
rough, hard man in many respects, yet ho had some good traits.
He wielded a great influence over the Indians, which ho some-
times employed for good purposes. In about 1824 (so says Judge
Wharry, of Greenville, Ohio, who knew Connor all his life) some
New York Indians, traveling to Green Bay, were murdered by
some white villains in Indiana. Connor succeeded in securing
justice and keeping the peace, and the Miamis on that account
made him a "chief" of their tribe, with all due ceremony. He
established himself at Fort Recovery soon after the war of 1S12
had closed in the West, probably in 1814. Ho had used his in-
fluence in securing the treaty of peace, and had made some ene-
mies thereby. Several Indians came to his store one day, and
told him they had come to kill him. " All right," said he " give
mo a few minutes to fix things up." They granted his request
and sat down. Suddenly he took a keg of powder, poured it on
a deer skin, and seizing a fire brand, swore in strong, rough
Miami, that he and they "should go to h — 11 together." They
"got" in a "heap hurry." The Indians never molested him
again. One of them told Judge Wharry: " Connor one devil of
a man; he care no more for Indians than he care for himself."

He next built a shanty above Deerfield (1820-21). After a
few years he moved down the river to three miles below Wheel-
ing and twenty miles above Marion. Still again he moved three
miles below Marion, bought land, built mills, grew rich, and died
some years ago.

[Note. Some will have it that he had a station at Mississi-
newa crossing, near Allensville, and also one at Ridgeville, but
the residents along the river do not understand the matter thus.]

At Greenville, the understanding was that ho had a wife and
two boys, and that she would not go with him in his wild, roving
border life, and he "took up" with Polly Voorhees, by whom he
raised a large family. He was a very rough, outbreaking man,
80 passionate that few dared to cross him. R. H. Sumption taught
school near him, and six of his children attended the school. He
did not call for his pay till the middle of the second term. The
bill was large, and Mr. S. feared he might not take the matter
kindly. Connor happened to be in good humor and paid the
bill without a word. At one of his " posts," the Indians got
" ahead " of him. He had a shed at tho side of his cabin, and a
log out on the side next the store-room, and as he bought bun-
dles of skins, he would toss them through the " crack " into the
shed. By some means the Indians made or found a hole from
the outside into the shed, through which they got out parcels of
skins. First one would get out a parcel and take it in and sell
it to Connor, then another, and so on, till Connor began to won-
der whore they got so many coon skins. Polly had noticed the
game of the " red skins," and at last she said, " Connor, you fool,
how long are you going to buy your own coon skins ? " " Why?"
said he. " Because," said she, " those tarnal Ingins have been
stealing your coon skins and selling them to you over and over."
What he did then and there is not told, but we may easily guess
that there was a "rumpus," or danger of one about that time.
[Burgett Pierce and others mention Connor in their recitals.]

Tho " Jay County History " says " that a pioneer family lived
for a considerable time in a cabin built at Fort Recovery, Ohio, by
David Connor, for a trading house at that point. So that most
probably Mr. Connor traded at one period with the Indians near
Fort Recovery. Judge Wharry, of Greenville, who knew Con-
nor well, states that ho went from Greenville to Fort Recovery
in 1814, and stayed and traded at that location for several years.

DEATH OF FLEMING.

We subjoin an account of the death of "Fleming," an
Indian (not indeed a chief), which occurred near Ridgeville,
soon after the settlement of that vicinity, given by Joseph
Hawkins, Esq., of Jay County, Ind., as told him by parties
acquainted with the transaction. Some account of thesams trag-
edy may be found in the reminiscences of Thomas Ward, George
Thomas, and perhaps others. One Smith, a mulatto, had a white
wife. She told the Indian, Fleming, that if he would kill Smith
she would marry him. The Indian shot Smith through tho body,
but did not kill him. Out of this in some way grew the fact that
some half-drunk Indians (Fleming and others) made an attack on
Joab Ward. He was at breakfast, and they came in armed with
butcher knives. He arose, seized a g-n from the hooks, and
sprang backward to the outer door, and into the back yard, point-
ing his loaded gun at one and another of the gang. Elias Kizer
managed to get another lo.aded gun, and joined Ward in the yard.
Then Fleming began to run, and Ward told Kizer to shoot him,
which he did, the bullet striking his foot, as it was raised in run-
ning, passing in at his heel and up his leg to his knee. The
other Indians begged so hard that they were let go. Fleming got
across the river and lay down in the bushes, remaining there some
time. Jesse Gray, the famous "Indian hunter," hearing the
fact, came with his brother John (a lad of sixteen), to shoot the
Indian. He told his brother to shoot him. The Indian lay on
his belly, and as the boy went to shoot, he bent his body upward
from the ground; and as the boy shot, he drew himself suddenly
down, hugging close to the ground, and the bullet only grazed his

HISTORY OF IIANDOLPH COUNTY.

back. But he acted as though he had received a fatal shot, and
they thought him killed and went off. After the poor fellow had
been wounded (in all) three days, Lewallyn, from pity, took
him in. Some days after, Jesse Gray and Smith came to Lew-
allyn's and shot Fleming in the bed as he lay, and killed him.
The Indian saw them come, and turned over to the wall and
wrapped his head in the blanket, and Smith put his gun against
Fleming's back and shot him through the heart as he lay there
in bed.

[Note. — Joab Ward told Hawkins as to the attack, and
Charles Simmons, an employe of David Connor, told iiim as to
what Gray and Smith did].

DEATU OF ELEMINQ — By Thomas Ward.

"A white man brought whisky and sold it to the Indians.
That white man fell out with my father, Joab Ward, one morning,
and told him he should ' smell h — 1 ' in less than an hour. Within
an hour's time three Indians, Fleming, Killbuck and another,
came to father's house as they were eating breakfast, armed with
big knives and partly drunk. Elias Kizer and Thomas Andrew
were there. All three managed to get their guns. Fleming
tried hard to kill father; but when the men got the guns, Fleming
ran, and the other Indians began to beg. Elias Kizer shot Flem-
ing as he ran, the ball striking his heel when his foot was raised,
niul KiHiiiijg up his leg to his knee. He managed to cross the
river, but fell in the wocd.s on the north bank, and lay there sev
eral days. Jesse Gray and his brother came and undertook to
kill him as he lay in the weeds, and thought they had done
They, however, did not injure him. Lewallyn, who lived near,
took him in out of pity, but Smith, the mulatto whom Fleming
had shot through but had not killed, came with Jesse Gray to
Lewaliyn's house and shot him dead in his bed, as he lay upon a
pallet of deer skins. Before Fleming was killed, he kept on
threatening to kill Joab Ward and my father."

It seems that the Indians were not much offended at the death
of Fleming. He was vicious, and they had turned him off, and
he skulked around, getting his living from place to place among
the whites as he could. They came and buried him, but said,
" He no good — Fleming bad Indian."

Jesse Gray, however, was afraid of the vangeance both of the
Indians and the whites, and he fled the State, taking up his abode
in Ohio, near Hill Grove, Darke County, and resided at that
place several years.

Tyre T. Puckett, residing west of Winchester, relates, con-
cerning the poor Indian, that Fleming lay wounded on a deer-
skin at Lewaliyn's cabin. The Indians, though they had ban-
ished him from their tribes, nevertheless took pity on him. In
particular, "Aunt Sally," wife of "Uncle Jake," and mother of
" Indian Jim," came and doctored him, and said he would get
well. Gray and Smith came to the cabin. Gray undertook to
get Mrs. Lewallyn out of the house; she resisted, and he pulled
her out, she crying out meanwhile, " Don't do any murder
here." Almost instantly she heard the shot, and, struggling back,
she saw Fleming lay dead upon his pallet.

The grand jury (of which Mr. Puckett's father was a mem-
ber) indicted Jesse Gray (and probably Smith) for the homicide,
and a " true bill " was found against them. They fled the county
and the State, and no special pains were taken to find them, since
everybody was glad the " vicious Indian " was out of the way.
Mrs. Lewallyn was the witness, of course, for the State, because
she was the one (and the only one, perhaps) who saw the "deed,"
except indeed Smith and Gray themselves.

OTHER CHIEFS.

In the " History of Delaware County," by Kingman Brothers,
may be found sketches of several other chiefs of the Delaware
Indians, viz. : Tamanend, Capt, White Eyes, Capt. Pipe, Buck-
ongahelas and Killbuck, Jr., for whose history we ^ave no
room. A brief mention must sufiice. Tamanend was a mighty

chief, brave, illustrious, patriotic and virtuous. The scene of his
e.xploits was on the eastern seaboard, near Philadelphia, and he
died about 1G85.

Capt. White Eyes [Ko-gue-tha-gech-ton] was a distinguished
Delaware Chieftain, and a firm friend of the Americans. During
the Revolution, he steadfastly refused to be drawn into the strug-
gle between England and America. He died at Philadelphia in
1780, supposed to be 120 years old.

Capt. Pipe [Hop-o-can, tobacco-pipe, and Ko-giesch-qua-no-
hei, maker of daylight], was a noted war- chief of the Wolf tribe
of the Delawares. He was an active partisan of the British,
dying about 1818.

Buckongahelas was a more famous chief than Logan. He
favored the English, but after Wayne's defeat he disdained their
favor, and was firm in his friendship to the Americans. On his
death-bed he adjured his people to desert the British, and remain
steadfast to the United States. He was brave and truthful. Hi.s
death occurred in 1804.

Killbuck, Jr. [Gelelemend] was the son of the elder Kill-
buck ; was firmly attached to the United States, and was specially
protected by them in a treaty made with his nation. He died in
1811, aged about eighty years.

Delawares. — Kithawenund, or Capt. Anderson, Pee-keelund,
Magh-pi-way, or Red Feather, Pit-cheke-ka-pou, The Beaver,
Hock-ingpora-skow, Lah-pah-ni-hi, or Big Bear, James Nanti-
cope, Ne-te-ho-pun-a, Capt. Tu-nis, Capt. Ketch-ura, The Cat,
Ben Beaver, The War Mallet, Capt. Cagh-Koo, The Buck, Pet-
che-nau-a-las, John Quake, Que-nagh-to-oth-mait, Little Jack.

Miamis. — Pucan, The Owl, Little Turtle, Wa-pe-mau-qua (the
Loon), Silver Heels, Sha-wa-pe- no-mo.

The above signed the treaties made with their tribes in 1804,
1809 and 1818.

Other Indians, — Mont-see (Monsie) was chief of the Miamis
and resided at Mont-see town (Muncie). An account of him is
not at hand.

" Uncle Jake " resided at the Indian town near Muncie long
after the rest of the natives had emigrated westward, and till his
death, as did also his wife "Sallie," and his son "Jim."
" Aunt Sally " died first; she was buried in the old Indian grave-
yard near their town, and her husband, " Uncle Jake," watched
over her grave, keeping his lonely vigil for two weary days and
nights, and when he died, " Indian Jim," their son, did the same
for him ; but when "Jim," poor fellow, died, he was the last of
his race, and none was at hand to perform the solemn, sacred
watch over his lonely grave. " Jake " was well known to the
early settlers, a fine specimen of his nation ; " tall, straight and
stout, clever and nice when sober, but vicious when drunk, — "
much like white people in that. " Sally " was very small, but
active and sprightly ; she, too, loved the bottle, and, like her hus-
band, got drunk. "Jim" lived with the white settlers and
became civilized, working and earning his livelihood in a friendly,
peaceable manner. It is not many years since his death
took place. (See History of Delaware County, 1881.) This
family seem to have been dwellers in Randolph County in the
early time, since Ira Swain, coming to the region when'a small
lad, used to know them, and used also to play with the Indian
boy "Jim." (See Account of Ira Swain.)

Cornstalk, the younger, was a chief in later times after the
war of 1812. He was friendly, and a fine, stately, noble Indian.
He used to come to Randolph County to hunt, spending more or
less time among the settlers. A striking incident is related of
Cornstalk and his wife by Squire Bowen, which occurred soon
after the settlement of his father, Ephraim Bowen, in the county.
We have no detailed statement of the life of this chief at our
command.

Fonttac, Ottawa chief, was in 1761, a great friend of the
French. He was tall in person and dignified and stately in de-
meanor, fifty years of age, and civil and military ruler of the
Ottawas, Ojibways and Pottawatomies. He formed his cele-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

brated conspiracy suddenly in 1763. Many tribes were joined in
that movement ; Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Dela-
wares, Mingocs, etc. Nine British posts fell: Detroit was saved;
the war was short ; the conspiracy was soon crushed, the struggle
ending in 1764.

IlIiMINISCENCES.

Statement of Mrs. Henry Horn, of Arba, Indiana: " I trav-
eled during the summer of 1880 in Northern Michigan. There
are Indian Reserves in that region, and I became acquainted,
among other persons, with an educated and talented Indian lady
of the Ottawa tribe. Margaret Boyd, by name (she has also a
long and difficult Indian name, Oqabegijiqokwe). She was educated
when young, by the Catholics, they intending her for a mis-
sionary ; she now lives near Petoskey, Northern Michigan ; is
seventy-two years old, and supports herself, in Indian fashion, by
making various curious and useful articles for siile, baskets, moc-
casins, pin cushions, slippers, etc., of most exquisite workman-
ship and surpassing artistic skill. One of her brothers (Mac-
coteybinassee, Black Bird) went to Rome for education as a
Catholic priest, .(^n Indian comrade was the companion of his
journey and was to remain with him while at Rome; but alas!
erelong her poor, lonely brother sickened and died in that far-
off foreign land, alone, except that one faithful comrade and
friend. She commemorated her brother's death by composing a
poem in English, of rare beauty and exquisite pathos, a copy of
which is here given :

DEATH OF WILLIAM MACCOTEVKINAS.SEE.

The morning breiiks! See bow ihe glorious sun,
Slow wheeling from Ihe East, new luaier slieJs
O'er Hie soft climes of Italy. The flower
That kept ita perfume through the Jewy nij^ht
Now breathes it forth again.

Hill, Tale and grove,
Clad in rich venlure bloom, and from the lOok
The joyful w

Ll thou, Imperial li

houldst lift thy h

Decked with thy triple crown, where eloudlesi
And lands rejoicing in Ihe summer sun
Rich blessings yield.

But there is grief to day!
A voice is heard within thy marble wall.'),
A voice lamenting for the youthful dead.
For o'er the relics of her forest boy
The mother of dead empires weeps, and lo!
Clad in white robes, the long procession moves.
Youths throng around the bier, and high in front,
Star of our hopes, the glorious cross is reared.

Flowing spoulauoo\is from the spirit's depths
Pours its rich tones, and now the requiem swells —
Now dies upon Ihe ear.

Who stands beside my brother's grave, and though ii
Dims his dark eye, yet doth his spirit weep.
With throbbing heart he gazes on the spot.
Where his young comi-ade shall forever rest ;
Fur they, logether, loft their forest home,

Glad tidings of great joy. My brother dear
o sleeps beneath the sod his labors blessed.

Ilov

Of (helo

e Indiai
:nt< of his

boy I

'C the d

Imagination clothes his tearful thoughts
In rude and plaintive cadences of woe!
Soft be thy peaceful sleep, my brother loved.
At Nature's call Ihe branches here shall wave,
The wailing winds lament above his grave!"

The dewy night shall weep ;
And he, the lonely youth, my cousin sad,
(), he shall come to shade with moss the grave
To plant above his head the mystic cross;
To hope, to pray, to mourn in silent grief!
No marble here shall grand and slalely rise,

But o'er thy tomb 1 11 le
To lift its pensive head :
Uejoicing in the skies.

I'Uil

Such us my fathers thought when all arou
Shook the old forest trees.
Dost thou forget the hour, my brother dea
When first wo heard the Christian's hope i
When fearless warriors felt their bosoms r
And yield beneath the power of mighty love?
The heavenly Truth persuasive moved our souls
Whilst on the flowery mount the preacher stood.
The gentle messenger of Christ proclaimed
The dying love of Jesus tu an outcast race,
And through the listening silence of Ihe wood
His gentle, solemn words like spirits passed ;
And oh ! Iiadst thou been spared, my tender boy,
We two hail gone to bless our fatherland.
To spread rich stores of grace, and, hand in hand.
Each holy labor would in love have shared ;
But there the relio of my brother lies
Where Nature's flowers shall bloom o'er Nature's cli
IS stretch and classic art has piled

Her

.stiy

n high.

Sleep on, sleep peaceful
The traveler from thy far-on lana suau come
And claim this spot, and give to thee in grief
What kingly tombs have not— the tribute of
An honest tear shed o'er ihy lonely grave I

The woman who wrote the foregoing lines is now living at
Little Traverse City, in Northern Michigan, with a remnant of
the Ottawa tribe, to which she belongs. Mrs. Horn visited her
at her own home, had with the Indian lady a most interesting
and instructive interview, and brought away several beautiful and
curious ornaments wrought by the skillful hand of the worthy
poetess. Some of the articles were a basket, a paper-receiver and
lamp mat, all made of birch bark, wrought with porcupine quills;
a pin-cushion made of velvet, ornamented with beads in a unique
manner, and other things besides. Mrs. H. had also a mat pur-
chased of Petoskey's son, who is a merchant in the village of
the same name. All the specimens are wonderfully rich and nice.

Chief Petoskey lives there still among his tribe, near the
town. He is ninety-eight years old, but strong and hearty,
standing straight, tall and vigorous, like a tree in their forests.
Ho wsLi at the door chopping wood when they called for a friendly
visit; hi lei them into his dwelling, and entertained his guests
like a prince, as he is. He is an Ottawa chief, living with his
tribe upon their reservation.

Mr. Henry W. Horn has a photo of the old chief, which he
says is a most striking likeness. The picture looks like that of a
white man of striking appearance; yet Petoskey is a full-blood
Ottawa Indian. They brought also the photo of Minonquet, an
aged Indian woman (103 years), living at the old Mission Farm,
some miles from Petoskey. She is bowed with years, but vigor-
ous still, remarkably so considering her wonderful age.

At Petoskey, in the suburbs of the town, is a natural park of
two acres, covered with a young growth of sugar trees, inclosed
with a plain fence. Through the park runs a narrow path
between the trees, and at the head of the path stands a post with
a board put up, and on the board this inscription :

MARtJlIETTK AVENUE,
Original Trail between Grand Traverse Bay and Mackinac.
'J'raveled for hundreds of years by the Indians, and more
(ban two hundred years ago by Father Maniuollc, the
I'umous missionary and explorer.

INDIAN TROUULES.

As a specimen of treatment of Indians by white men, and as
the " spark which set the magazine on fire " in this region at the
beginning of the war of 1811-13, we give the following from the
history of Darke County :

"A S()uaw, with her husband and son, wag coming to Green-
ville to purchase supplies at David Connor's. They camped over
night by Irvin's Spring, a mile out of Greenville. A white man,
who had traveled with them, went on into town and told that

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUiNTY.

some Indians were np by Irvin's Spring. The commander was
absent, and a villain bj' the name of Fish was exercising authority
at the time. He went out and killed the Indian and his wife,
and wounded tho boy. The lad fled like the wind, and, in an
incredibly short space of time. Fort Meigs, 100 miles distant, was
besieged by 2,000 savages bent on revenge for wrongs that were
past, and for the utter extermination of the cruel white men."

David Connor came to Greenville in 1811, or early in 1812,
and with him came a man by the name of David Thomson, who
had been a soldier with " Mad Anthony " in the Indian wars of
twenty years before, being with Gen. Wayne at Rouge de Bout
and elsewhere.

D. T. died in 1840, aged eighty years. His oldest daughter,
the widow of Judge Beers, one mile north of Greenville, died in
August, 1881.

Shortridge was killed and scalped by the Indians near where
Cambridge City now stands. Shdrtridge had on clothes belong-
ing to an " Indian hater," and the Indians thought he was the

Charles Morgan and his two brothers were killed by the
savages at a sugar camp in the northern part of Wayne County,
where they were boiling sugar water. Morgan resisted power-
fully, but was overcome and tomahawked. One boy was killed
by the tomahawk and the other was shot p.s he started to run.
All three were scalped. This took place before 1811. Morgan
was a leader in the band that tried to murder Johnny Green, an
Indian warrior residing in the region, and many thought at the
time that Morgan's death was accomplished by Green in revenge
for his bitterness against the Indians.

"PIGEON roost" massacre, SCOTT COUNTY, 1812.

A settlement was formed in 1809, five or six miles from any
other white residents, on about a square mile of land. Jeremiah
Payne and Mr. Coffraan, two of the settlers, were hunting on the
afternoon of September 3, 1812, two miles north of the Pigeon
Roost settlement, and they were surprised and killed by a party
of Indians. The savages then attacked the settlement (about sun-
set), and in one hour had killed one man, five women and sixteen
children, also burning the cabins with some of the dead bodies of
the victims. Those slain were as follows :

Henry Collins and wife, Mrs. Jeremiah Payne and eight
children, Mrs. Richard Collins and seven children, Mrs. John
Morrill and one child and her mother ; Mrs. Jane Biggs and
three children slipped away, and, before daylight, got to Zebulon
Collins's, six miles distant.

William Collins, an old man of sixty years, with Capt. John
Norris. defended themselves against the Indians for three-quarters
of an hour ; and, after dark, escaped with two children, and
arrived at Zebulon Collins's the next morning. The militia
gathered and went to the settlement, and found the smoking
ruins with some of the charred bodies of their slaughtered friends.

BURNING AT THE STAKE.

In the Indian village of Old Town, five miles above Muncie,
many victims were tortured to death by a slow fire. They were
tied to a stake, which was of oak, and ten or twelve feet high.
A ring of ashes was round the stake, and tho dancing in a circle
by the Indians had tramped the ground as hard as a brick. The
stake remained for many years to be seen and shuddered at by
tho passing traveler.

Mr. Thomas S. Neely, of Muncie, Ind., and a pioneer of that
region (in history of Delaware County also elsewhere quoted
from), says : " On the farm of Samuel Cecil, in Section 2.5,
Center Township, in 1839, was a piece of ground near the then
Richmond State road, now the Burlington Pike, on which tradi-
dition says one Col. Winchester was burned by the Indians.
The stake was visible when I came, and was charred. Around
it for about fifty feet the ground was level and smooth, and the
spot was round like a circus "ring, only not thrown up on the cir-

cle. This tradition had gained considerable credence at the time,
and all believed it to be true."

Who this Col. Winchester was, when the act was done, or
why in particular they subjected this prisoner to that fate we have
no information. This method of putting to death was but com-
mon among the Indians, and many wretched captives both of In-
dians and whites perished in that way.

Indians always traveled in single file. Hundreds of them in
a company would move in this way, and the line would extend
perhaps for miles. They would approach a house by stealth.
The first one would know, adozen Indians, all armed and painted,
would be standing at the door, with guns, tomahawks and scalp-
ing knives, looking frightful enough.

Mr. W. C. Smith says : " Killbuck, a noted Indian, came
to father's cabin when the family were all abed and demanded
admittance. Father gave no answer. He struck the door several
sharp blows with his tomahawk, declaring he would split the door
down if it were not opened. Father said to him, ' I'll put a rifle
ball through you if you don't clear out.' Killbuck said he was
cold and hungry, and wished to warm himself and get something

" Father being afraid he was drunk, would not let him in, but
told him ' go up to " Sal's " wigwam (a squaw who had lived not
far off), and come back in the morning.' He went and came
back in the morning, saying, 'white man heap brave, he no cow-
ard.' "

Another incident. Some Indians came to a cabin to pur-
chase provisions. The man was absent. The woman went to
the smoke-house to get them some bacon. One squaw seized a
large piece and went to carry it off. The white woman wrenched
it from her, striking the squaw to make her let go of the flitch of
bacon.

The other Indians were greatly pleased at her boldness, pat-
ting her on the shoulder, saying, " white squaw heap much brave,
heap much fight."

The white traders used to practice all sorts of tricks upon the
natives. One trader told the Indians that tho needle-maker was
dead, and that after his supply on hand was gone, there would be
no more. He sold his needles for a coon-skin apiece, worth fifty
to seventy-five cents.

DEATH OF INDIAN " CHRISTMAS."

He was shot by young Lewallyn as related in Burgett Pierce's
reminiscences. The Indians were greatly excited by his mur-
der, and were with difliculty pacified by promises of a fair
trial, and assurances that the guilty one should be punished. Mr.
Lewallyn the elder, is related to have walked all the way to
Muncie to tell the Indians that his son should be given up for
the proper course of justice. But he was tried and acquitted,
and the Indians were more dissatisfied than before. It is said that
" Christmas's " horse ran all night saddled and bridled, reaching
the home of his owner at Muncietown early next morning. The
body of the Indian was buried on the bluff just west of the cross-
ing below Decrfield, between the road and the river, perhaps 100
yards west of the crossing. Skeletons were so much in demaind
in early times that a certain physician is stated to have dug up
his bones for an "anatomy."

Armfield Tiiornburg, of Windsor, says that the three Indians
who killed Morgan and the two lads were " trailed," and were
killed on the banks of Stony Creek, three miles south of Wind-
sor, just in Delaware County.

"Jay County History" mentions the killing of Christmas
thus : " One day one of the men shot an Indian whom he caught
stealing cabbage from his garden. This aroused the anger of the
Indians, and the settlement were very much alarmed lest they
should all be murdered. They made a fort of Lewallyn's house,
and the four families lived in it for two weeks in constant fear of

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

an attack. But their enemies did not come, and they again vent-
ured forth to their usual avocations."

Burgett Pierce says of this same Indian that they came
in a large company to bury their murdered comrade, and
that they performed over his remains a most affecting ceremony,
one aged chief making a feeling oration, the tears streaming down
his cheeks as he did so.

Our understanding is that Burgett Pierce himself witnessed
the burial rites, and beheld the tears coursing down the cheeks
of the dusky orator, while he stood recounting in mournful elo-
quence the virtues of their deceased comrade.

SPECIAL ACCOUNTS OF INDIANS, ETC.

"Johnny Green," spoken of by Jere Smith ; " Charles
gan," by Jesse Parker ; " Fleming," by Hawkins, Ward, Thomas,
etc.; "Cornstalk" (elder), J. Hawkins; "Cornstalk" (later),
Squire Bowen ; "Killbuck," by Burgett Pierce.

Indian traders were David> Conner, on Mississinewa
Joseph Gess, south of Winchester ; and Goldsmith Gilbert, in
Delaware County, etc.

Indian " trails " were from Muncie to Greenville, passing
south of Winchester and of Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal
Church on White River, and also not far from Spartansburg.
From Muncie to Fort Wayne; from Godfrey's to Fort Wayne ;
from Muncie to Godfrey's; along the Mississinewa River ; along
the White River, etc.

A prominent Indian trader and fur dealer was Edward Edger,
of Deerfield, Randolph County, who is living in a cheerful old age
at Winchester, Ind.

FORTS.

Forts were built by setting upright split timbers, eighteen or
twenty feet high, fast in the ground and close together, with large
gates, strong, thick and heavy, made of hewn timber from three
to six inches thick. In each fort was at least one block-house,
two stories high, with the upper story projecting two or three
feet over beyond the lower, and having port-holes to shoot down
from. The Indians could make nu headway against a block-
house, except, indeed, by setting it on fire. At the beginning of
the war of 1812, a fort was built at the cabin of George Smith,
near Richmond.

One day when the men were out at work, the dogs barked and
the women thought the Indians had come. They formed a troop,
made one of their number captain and marched out, leaving one
to care for the children, and to open the gate for their return.
Each woman took her husband's gun as bold as a warrior. The
alarm proved false, the dogs were barking at some stray ponies ;
but the women had proved their bravery, and came back almost
sorry that they had found no Indians.

People sometimes got lost, and the trumpet (or the tin horn)
would be blown to call the settlers together to hunt for the lost

INDIAN WARS, TREATIES, ETC.

In 1747-4S, a deep conspiracy was laid, under Nicholas, a
famous Huron (Wyandot) chief, for the destruction of Detroit
and other posts, and to crush the French. The attempt failed,
and Chief Nicholas abandoned his home neur Sandusky, having
burned his villages and his fort, and sought a resting-place far-
ther west. On the 8th of April, 1718, he departed for White River,
Indiana. He is thought to have died in the White River Val-
ley, near the Wabash, in 1748, aged fifty-eight years.

Fort George, near the head-waters of the Savannah, and Fort
Loudoun, near the sources of the Tennessee, were built by the
English, for defense against the Indians in that quarter.

Pontiac, a famous Ottawa chief, in 1763, formed a powerful
confederacy, consisting of the Ottawas, the Chippewas, the Pot-
tawatomies, the Sacs and Foxes, the Menoraonees, the Miamis,
the Wyandots. the Shawnees, and still other tribes, which were
crushed in 1763-64.

Bryant says : " Pontiac was chief of the Ottawas, whom he
is said to have led at Braddock's defeat. * * * His mother
was an Ojibway. * * * He was now fifty years of age, unusu-
ally dark in complexion, of medium height, of powerful frame
and haughty bearing ; subtle, patient, cruel, and of more than
ordinary capacity. He possessed all of the few good qualities of
his race, and most of their bad ones. He incited a rising of the
Indian tribes from the Lakes to the Lower Mississippi."

Pontiac submitted at length, attended the grand Indian Coun-
cil held at Oswego, 1766, made his great " peace speech," and
returned laden with presents to his Western home, living on the
Miami like an ordinary hunter.

At the battle of the Kanawha, in 1774, the Indians were led
by Cornstalk, a Shawnee chief; Red Hawk, a Delaware chief;
and Logan, the celebrated Cayuga or Mingo chief and orator.

The battle resulting in " Wayne's Victory " was fought in
November, 1794. The number of Indians engaged in that fight
has been thus stated : Delawares, 450 ; Wyandots, 27-5 ; Shawnees,
275 ; Miamis, 175 ; Ottawas, 225 ; and of the Senecas, Potta-
watomies and Chippewas from 200 to 300. There were also
perhaps 100 Canadians.

The battle was fought against the advice of Little Turtle, who
told his people that they would better make peace, for, said he,
" The Americans are led by a General who never sleeps." Blue
Jacket overruled Little Turtle in the Council, and the battle was
fought and lost. Little Turtle and Blue Jacket both were ready
for peace after this defeat, and they continued faithful to the
treaty, resisting the whole force of Tecumseh's power and elo-
quence, and holding many of their people from joining in his
scheme of extermination against the whites.

The -famous Tecumseh and his brother, the Prophet, who
jointly incited the tribes, from the Lakes to the Gulf, to relent-
less hostility, were Shawnees. Tecumseh was born on Mad River,
Ohio, 1768. The Prophet fixed his headquarters at the mouth
of Tippecanoe, on the Wabash, and for several years (1811-13)
a terrible Indian war was waged, which was ended by the battle
of the Thames, in 1813. Tecumseh was killed in that battle,
and the hope of the savage confederacy was crashed.

In May, 1812, a great Indian Council was held on Mississine-
wa River, at which the Wyandots, Chippewas, Ottawas, Potta-
watoraies, Delawares, Eel Rivers, Weas, Miamis, Piankeshaws,
Winnebagoes, Shawnees and Kickapoos were present. The
council seemed for peace, but Tecumseh was furious for war, and
many joined him.

Fort Wayne was besieged by Tecumseh in the summer of
1812, but he failed. The massacre at Fort Dearborn took place
August 15, 1812. Mackinaw was surrendered to the British July
17, 1812. Detroit was given up to the British in 1812.

The treaty of Fort Harmar (Marietta) was made January 9,
1789, and agreed to by the Wyandots, Delawares, Ottawas,
Chippewas, Pottawatomies and Iroquois (under Governor St.
Clair).

Wayne's Treaty, made at Greenville in 1795, was signed by
the Chippewas, Ottawas, Pottawatomies, Wyandots, Delawares,
Shawnees, Miamis, Eel River Indians, Weas, Kickapoos and
Kaskaskias.

Gen. Harrison's treaty at Fort Wayne, in 1809. was entered in-
to by the Delaware, Eol River, Pottawatomie and Miami tribes,
and was sanctioned by the Weas at Vincennes, October 26, 1809,
and by the Kickapoos, about the same time, ceding the 12-mile
strip, etc. Gen. Harrison concluded a treaty at Fort Wayne in
1803, with the Delawares, Shawnees, Pottawatomies and Kicka-
poos, and the Eel Rivers, Weas, Piankeshaws and Kaskaskias.

In 1818, Messrs. Jennings, Cass and Parke, as United States
Commissioners, made a treaty at St. Mary's, Ohio, with the
Miamis, who ceded all their land in Indiana, with reservations.

Other treaties besides the ones mentioned above have been en-
tered into by different tribes, till, at present, but a single band
remains (near Peru, Miami County).

<i#- .

HISTORY OF RANDOl.PH COUNTY.

INDIAN RESERVES.

As a specimea of reservations and exceptions, those made by
the United States in the Indian country, in the treaty of Green-
ville, 1795, are here stated, to wit :

A tract of land at Loraraie's store, six miles square ; Girty's
Town, two miles squire ; head of Auglaize, six miles square ;
Fort Defiance, six miles square ; Fort Wayne, six miles square ;
eight miles west of Fort Wayne, two miles square ; Ouatenon, six
miles square ; Maumee, foot of Rapids — old British fort — twelve
miles square ; mouth of Maumee, six miles square ; Sandusky
Lake (old fort), six miles square; Lower Rapids, Sandusky, two
miles square; Detroit, irregular tract; Mackinaw, mainland and
island and Isle Bois du Blanc ; Fort Dearborn, six miles square ;
mouth of Illinois, twelve miles square; Peoria, fort and village,
six miles square ; Clai-k grant, 150,000 acres ; Post Vincennes
and French lands; Fort Massac and lands adjacent near mouth
of the Ohio River.

As an example of reservation to the Indians, we give the fol-
lowing at the treaty made at Fort Wayne, 1818 :

Ten miles square, opposite the mouth of the River A. Bouette
[Aboite]; three sections to Jean B. Richardville ; two sections to
the same ; to Joseph Richardville and son Joseph, two sections ; two
sections to Francis La Fontaine and his son ; one section to the son
of George Hunt ; one section to Little Turtle ; one section to
Josette Beaubien.

In the different treaties made in later times, certain tracts
were reserved for Indian occupation by various tribes, as the Pot-
tawatomies, the Wyandota, the Miamis, the Shawnees, etc.

On these " reserves " the Indians dwelt for a longer or shorter
time. The tribes sold out, however, by and by, one by one, until
none are now left in this region, except a single band (Me-shin-
go-me-sia). The rest of the Miamis ceded their lands about
1840, and left about 1846. Fran(;ois Godfroy, a Miami chief,
hada " reserve" partly in Jay County. He died between 1837
and 1840, at the mouth of Mississinewa.

MESHINGOMESIA BAND.

When the Miamis made their final cession [1840], the band
above named refused to leave, and they were allowed to remain
and hold their lands.

The territory was held in common till 1873, in which year a
distribution was made (by United States law) among the mem-
bers of the band. Each person received an equal amount in
value (of unimproved land). The division was made by Com-
missioners appointed by the United States, of whom one was
Jonas Votaw, Esq., of Jay County, who furnished the informa-
tion here given.

The transaction excited much interest. The commission met
on the Indian land, and sat from day to day till the work was
completed. The basis of the award was the tribe as it existed in
(about) 1840, (including those who had intermarried into the tribe
since that time), and the descendants of such. It was for the
interest of the tribe to have the number of shares as small as pos-
sible, of course, since the fewer the shs.res, the more each one
would get.

The greatest dispute arose as to an Indian named Waukoon.
He was a Pottawatomie lad who would not go with his tribe, but
hid himself till his people were gone, and then lived with the
Miamis, and with this band, and in the family of the chief,
Meshingomesia. Upon these facts he claimed membership in the
band. He had a wife and seven children, besides which he had
cleared out a large farm.

The commission decided in his favor, and his family got their
shares with the rest.

Meshingomesia died a very old man in 1878; Waukoon is liv-
ing yet (1880). There is still quite a settlement of that band
living chiefly as farmers, having churches, schools, etc. The
preaching and teaching are done mostly by members of the band.

Originally, a large '' reserve " was held by the Miamis, some

thirty miles square, between Eel and Salamonie Rivers. That
Reserve lay in Howard, Tipton and Grant Counties. The In-
dians left in (about) 1846, and it was opened to settlers in
1847. Filling rapidly with eager emigrants, it has become a
flourishing and populous region. Sixty-six persons were
recognized by the Commission as members of that " Indian
band," and the division was made among those sixty-six persons,
averaging about eighty acres to each. Waukoon and his family
got over 600 acres (with his improvements thrown in).

These shares were to be exempt from taxes for five years,
as also to be entirely free from any previous claim on the owners
of the land, and moreover incapable of alienation for the same

INDIAN TOWNS, ETC.

The various tribes had their hunting-grounds, their fields,
their dwellings, their towns.

Kekionga, at the head of the Maumee, as already stated, was
a celebrated Miami town at the time of the first French explora-
tion. Later, there were several more in that vicinity, belonging
to different tribes. An article in the Philadelphia Register in
1791 states as follows :

There were at that time [it does not say when, though
ibly not long before that date] seven towns near the conflu-
ence of the three rivers — St. Joseph's, St. Mary's and Maumee :
The principal village of the Miamis, called Omie Towh, contain-
ing also several French traders. It stood on the east bank of
the St. Joseph, or on the north side of the Maumee, directly
opposite the mouth of the St. Mary's. Another village (Miami)
of thirty houses, stood on the opposite bank, across the river from,
the Omie Town.

The Delawares had three villages, two on the St. Mary's,
three miles from its mouth, of forty-five houses. There was one
also on the east bank of the St. Joseph's, two or three miles from
its mouth, with thirty-six houses.

The Shawanoes [Shawnees] had two villages, two miles down
the Maumee : one was Chillicothe, on the north bank (fifty-eight
houses); another was on the south bank, opposite Chillicothe,
having sixteen houses."

The army demolished all these towns and burned 20,000 bush-
els of corn, so that it would seem that the troops, though defeated,
had destroyed the villages and the property of the Indians.

Ouatenon was a large and important Wea town, eight miles
below Lafayette. [Note — A towu on White River above Muncie
was called Ouat-i-nink.]

Prophet's Town was built at the mouth of Tippecanoe River,
as the headquarters of the tamous brother of Tecumseh.

Mont-zee-town (Muncie) was originally an Indian town on
White River. There were many others scattered through the

As late as 1820, and also since that time, Indian towns were
to be found scattered along White River in Delaware County and
below. Old Town, Montzee Town, Yorktown, Bucktown, Straw-
town, Andersontown, etc., were Indian villages on the banks of
White River. No towns are known to have existed in Randolph
County. They hunted here, their trails passed through this
region, they had wigwams and huts and cabins scattered here
and there through the woods, but their villages, so far as are now
known, were located elsewhere.

Many, perhaps most, of the towns belonging to the Indians
have at one time or another been destroyed by the whites. When-
ever, since the first white settlement, hostilities would arise, the
villages of the savages would be the first and chief objects of
attack.

Gen. Harmar, in 1790, undertook to d'^molish a Shawnee
town near Chillicothe, and also a Pickaway town in the same
region, and Kickapoo and Miami towns in Indiana were burned
the same year.

In 1791, Gen. Scott utterly demolished the Wea town, Oua-
tenon, said to have contained .5,000 people, and Gen. Wilkinson

26

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

carried the same fate to Kickapoo towns on Eel and Wabash
Rivers. In the same year, Gen. Harraar, though badly defeated,
burned all the towns (seven in number) near the junction of the
St. Joseph's and the St. Mary's.

In 1811, the " Prophet's Town," at the mouth of Tippecanoe
River, was destroyed by Gen. Harrison.

In 1812, the Miami villages on the Mississinewa (near its
mouth) were taken and burned by Lieut Campbell. They
marched from Dayton December 4, 1812, and came early on the
morning of December 17 upon a town of Delawares and Miarais
on the Mississinewa. In taking it by surprise, eight warriors
were killed, and forty-two persons taken prisoners. The place
was burned outright, as were also three other villages, and the
soldiers returned, hungry and frost-bitten, to Greenville, Ohio.
Their route in returning, and probably in going, passed through
Jackson Township, in the northeast part of Randolph County.
As they were going to Greenville, they camped on Army Branch,
in the west part of that township, near land afterward settled by
James Simmons. They were detained upon the expedition longer
than they had expected, and were, moreover, incumbered with
prisoners, and the troops were at the point of starvation. Run-
ners were sent ahead to the settlements near Eaton, and provis-
ons were sent forthwith for their instant relief. Joseph Haw-
kins, now of Collett, Jay Co., Ind., whose father was one of the
band of young men who went to the relief of the suffering army,
gives the following account :

" When Lieut. Campbell was coming back with the expedition
which had gone against the Indians on the Lower Mississinewa,
they had been detained so long and had so many prisoners that
they were nearly worn out, and well-nigh starving, their provis-
ions being gone. Runners were sent ahead to inform the settle-
ments, and to ask for instant succor. The people were aroused
at once, and young, light-footed men (soldiers at Fort Nesbitt)
took biscuits hastily baked by the women, and went forward at
full speed to find and feed their starving countrymen. They
found the soldiers camped on Army Branch, Jackson Township,
Randolph Co. It was an affecting sight, and many cried for joy.
The older men went on later with pack-horses laden with provis-
ions. One man sold his load, and when he got back to Fort
Nesbitt, the soldiers there ' rode him on a rail.'

" My father was one of the young men who went forward for
the relief of the troops."

Mr. Hawkins further says : " There was a line of forts along
the frontier. Forts Jefferson, Black, Nesbitt, Greenville, Recov-
ery, Auglaize, Defiance, Loramie, Wayne, St. Clair, etc., were
erected for the defense of the pioneer settlers."

INDIAN BURYING GROUNDS.

Mr. Neely (of Muncie) says : " When I came here, an Indian
graveyard was in a good state of preservation, located on the
north bank of the river, and about three hundred yards west of
the Greenville road. A great many graves were visible, and some
had been and were then being txhumed by the curious relic-
hunters and others. This was the principal burial-ground of the
Delaware Indians at this point."

Mt. William Jackson (in the same history) says : " The old
Indian village and graveyard stood on the north bank of White
River, a little west of the bridge on the Muncie & Greenville Pike.
When I came (1835), many distinct features were still visible.
The graves, in many instancen, were surrounded with pens of
poles piled round them. Many skeletons were exhumed, and
several skulls have been preserved which were taken from this
burial-ground."

RETROSPECT.

From the beginning of European occupation the savages
were so treated by the whites for the most part as to provoke
bitter' and relentless hostility. Cruelty was returned for kind-
ness, and treachery for generous confidence. The history of
European intercourse with the Aborigines is crowded with ac-

counts of uncalled for severity and needless cruelty. It is small
wonder, therefore, that the American natives should be hostile.
For ages they . beheld a strong and cruel race of men invading
their country, taking possession of their lands, encroaching upon
their hunting-grounds, destroying their dwellings, laying waste
their corn-fields, and burning their villages; and with the genuine
instinct of universal humanity, they strove to defend their homes,
and to beat back and destroy the fierce invading hordes. It has
been indeed a gallant, though a fruitless struggle, which the
Indians have waged. It has been weakness against strength,
poverty against wealth, bows and arrows and hand-missiles against
firearms, tomahawks against cannon, footmen against horsemen,
untutored cunning against cultivated skill, savagery against
civilization. They fought with a bravery and resolution worthy
of a less hapless destiny, but the struggle has been ever ih vain.
Nearly four hundred years have iled since Columbus
landed at Guanahani, and what a conflict has the world beheld
on these Western shores during the ages that have passed since
that momentous era ! The struggle has been long and fierce
and bitter, cruel and remorseless alike on the one side and on the
other, but ending ever in defeat, utter and hopeless to the poor,
untutored red man.

DESTINY.

From the moment when the haughty Spaniard under the
leadership of the Genoese navigator set foot on the shores of Gu-
anahani up to this very hour, a conflict, stern, bitter, relentless,
has been going on. Now active and wild, now lulled and hushed
for a time, now bursting into an awful explosion of massacre and
conflagration, followed by fierce retaliation, and blank extermi-
nation of the particular tribes then engaged, and now given up
as if in utter and hopeless despair; quieted for brief spaces as in
case of the Quakers and of the French Catholic missionaries, but
breaking forth anew with each succeeding generation. Well
nigh 400 years have witnessed this fearful spectacle, and even
yet in some remote regions it is taking place.

But through the whole cycle of centuries, the aborigines of
the American Continent, whether gentle Mexicans, civilized Pe-
ruvians, or more savage North Americans, have been alike, a
doomed race. And for most of the descendants of the ancient
dwellers — the hapless offspring of the native races on these
W^estern shores — that doom has come. to be an accomplished fact!

Yet they were verily worthy of a gentler fate. And had they
been met from the outset with the kind and faithful spirit of jus-
tice and mercy and truth, the history of the new world, need not
have been as now it has been, and must be, written in blood!

Had the white race reciprocated even the kindly advances
made by the aborigines, a lasting friendship might have been the
result.

There were fifty years of peace between the noble old chief,
Massasoit, with his braves, and the Massachusetts colonies.
The Indians and Quakers, under the mild and just treatment
set on foot by William Penn, walked on the broad pathway of
love and good will for seventy long and happy years. The French,
for the most part, had peace and friendship, because, in the main,
their treatment of the savages was fair, kindly and huteiane.

Cases are numerous in private life where justice, truth and
confidence by the white man have begotten a like spirit in the
Indian.

There is acase which, by the way, has perhaps never yet been
put into print, so fully in point that we cannot forbear to state it :

MR. WHITB AND THE CHIEF.

Just after the Revolutionary war had come to an end, a gen-
tleman, Mr. White, the founder of Whitestown, Oneida Co., N.
¥., moved with his family into the forest a few miles from where
Utica now stands. He built a cabin and moved into it. A Mo-
hawk chief, who during the war had been an ally of the British,
lived not far off. Mr. White sent for the chief, and he came.
Said Mr. White, " The war is over, let us be friends." The red

HISTORY OV RANDOLPH COUNTY.

man scarcely spoke, and was non committal. Bat, spying with
his eagle eye a boy, the son of a widowed daughter of his host,
he said to Mr. White: "That boy, me take him — three days."
The mother sprang to her child, wild with affright ; but her father
hushed his daughter, and said calmly, "Take him." The chief
took the boy. And on the thin! day, just as the sun was sink-
ing into the tree-tops, a whoop was heard, and as they looked,
they saw the chief and the child — both dressed in royal style, the
boy dancing with glee as he came — emerge fi-ora the shadow of
the woods. They entered the cabin, the chief gave the boy to
his mother, and said, " There, white man trust Indian ; now In-
dian trust white man." And he did ; and ever after there was
friendship between the two.

For ages long, since the coming of the European across the
mighty deep with his winged ships and his weapons of fire, war
had been between the incoming strangers and the natives of the
soil. But for these regions that war was at l_e_ngth well-nigh over.
Indian conflict had ceased in these parts before the first dweller
had touched the soil of Randolph, The last battle had been
fought with these Indians, and final and hopeless defeat had
crushed the fierce and bitter spirit of the savage foe.

Tecumseh, perhaps the ablest and the bravest chieftain that
ever roused the warriors of his race to conflict, had formed his
league and rallied his dusky hosts, and, after weary and bloody
yenrs of mortal warfare, had been slain on the banks of the
Thames, not one short year before (1813). The prophet, deceit-
ful and cruel, but not noble nor brave, had, upon the death of
hisieroic brother, sunk into his native nothingness; nearly all
the other great chiefs had, even before Tecumseh's career,
despaired of any hope of success against the omnipotent white
men, and were, though sullen and morose, yet disposed for peace.
There had been war, and massacre, and battles, and destruction
of cornfields, and burning of towns and villages, through the sad,
eventful years of 1811, 1812 and 1813. But the Indians were
crushed ; and they gave up the struggle in hopeless despair.
Great numbers indeed had stood aloof, and refused to join Tecum-
seh's league, convinced that success against the whites would be
impossible. Little Turtle, the famous Miami chief, even before
Wayne's victory in 1794, advised peace. Said he, "We cannot
succeed; the foe have now a chieftain that never sleeps." He
fought in that battle, but ever after, he was on the side of peace.
Yet Tecumseh's influence was great, and he drew away many in-
to the war. But his eloquent voice was hushed in death ; his
famous league was broken, and the tribes sued for peace.

tecumseh's war.
The pioneers of Dearborn and Wayne, of Clark and Harrison,
and of Knox and Jefferson Counties, on the eastern border of
Indiana Territory, and along the valleys of the Ohio and the
Wabash, who had made their homes in Indiana forests between
1793 and 1811, lived for two eventful years in mortal apprehen-
sion. Says one aged lady, a resident of Wayne County in
writing some "Reminiscences" of that fearful time: "After
the battle of Tippecanoe (1811) we lived in constant fear, and
passed many sleepless nights. Well do I recollect how I kept
my head raised from ray pillow to listen for the Indians to come
and take our scalps. They were often seen scouting round, but
harmed none that were peaceable; still we feared and trembled."
Another says (after the Pigeon Roost Massacre September 3, 1812,
in Scott County, Kentucky, by some Shawnees): "The way I
lived was this : On all occasions I carried my rifle, tomahawk
and butcher knife, and a loaded pistol at my belt. When I went
to plow I laid my gun on the ground, and stuck up a stick by it
for a mark, that I might get it quick if I needed it. I had two
good dogs; at night (or by day either) I kept one outside to bark
and give the alarm, and one inside to bark and waken us (if in
the night), to be ready if there was any danger. My weapons

were always loaded and ready to my hand. I kept my horses in
a stable close to the house with a port hole so made that I could
shoot from inside the house to the stable door. During two years
I never went from home with any certainty of ever returning,
not knowing the day nor the hour nor the minute that I might
receive a fatal bullet from some unknown, hostile hand ; but by
Divine mercy I was preserved, and am now alive to tell the tale."
And yet, through all this fear and peril, candor compels the
statement that, throughout this region at least (to quote from the
narrative again), the Indians "harmed none who were peacea-
ble." The pioneers in general seem to agree to that fact that the
Indi.-ina molested only hostile white men.

Charles Morgan who (with his two half-brothers) was killed
at a "sugar camp" near Washington March 10, 1813, was a
bitter "Indian hater." It seems that Johnny Green, an Indian
warrior, but at peace with the whites, was at an Indian town on
Blue River, also at peace. He asked leave to go with some
whites to the settlements; they let him go with them, and agreed
not to harm him ; as soon as they had him fairly among them,
however, the party bound him, and' many of them wished to take
his life. He was conveyed to Esquire Hunt's, seven miles south
of Centerville, where a vote was taken, and a large majority
called for his immediate death. Morgan was present, and was
very eager for the death of Green. It came to pass, however,
that Thomas McCoy, a stout Irishman, cut the ropes, took him
on the horse behind him, and carried him away from danger.
Green was fierce and revengeful, and, for this dastardly attempt
upon his life by Morgan and others. Green is thought to have
killed Morgan.

Shortridge also had on clothes belonging to George Ish,
another violent " Indian hater," and the Indians thought they
were killing Ish. Thus stood the times while the fierce Tecumseh
and his cruel, but cowardly brother, were gathering their warrior
clans, and cheering them to the bitter, deadly conflict.

But in 1813 these scenes were forever ended, and the settlers
of Randolph, after their coming hither, saw no Indian war. The
men who came and pitched their camps, and reared their cabins,
and made their homes within these borders from and after 1814,
had the Indians only for quiet, friendly neighbors, who would
bring them deer, and turkeys and squirrels, and help at raisings
and log-rollings, and whose pappooses would gambol and play
with the children of the white pioneers.

But even this was not to be of long duration. In a few
years the red men forsook their huts, and left their wigwams
tenantless, and passed on gradually, and ere a long time had
fled, came back no more.

For a brief space, dusky-faced men, warriors no longer, their
women, mayhaps, keeping them company, would go trooping on
foot, or on their little ponies, or leading their pack-horses along
the old time-beaten trail from north to south, or east to west, or
the opposite. For a few years the humble remnants of these
once haughty and powerful forest tribes would pass meekly and
peaceably by, bring buckskins, and baskets, and moccasins and
paltry trinkets, and timidly ask an exchange for corn, and salt,
and meal, and powder and whisky.

And the trader, or mayhaps the settler would take their
" truck," and give them in return what they wished, but especially
the whisky. And thatcurse of human kind, that foeof the universal
human race, would do its devilish work upon these poor red men,
and they would get drunk and fight, and stab and kill, or lie
helpless and besotted till the horrid debauch was over, and then —
they would " seek it yet again !" And now this whole drama is
past, and it has become to us like the fitful charges of a forgotten
dream. Perhaps not one in a hundred of the dwellers of Ran^" /ph
County ever set eyes upon an Indian. Be it so ! Be it so ! Two
such races as the fierce, ambitious, domineering, insatiable
European, and the savage, bold, wily, revengeful Indian cculd

HISTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

never ds^ell together in tlie same land ; and since the European
came to stay, there was nothing left for the Indian but to go ;
and from these regions, for the most part, HE HAS GONE !

CHAPTER III.

PHYSICA]. GEOGllAPIiy.

Location — Boundaries — Indian Boundaries— Counti&s— Sec-
ond Boundauy—Kekionga— Miscellany— Public Lands-
Meridians and Base Lines — Surface— Veoetation- Ani-
mals—Drainage— Minerals— Inland Waters— MississiNE-
wa— White Kiveb— White Water— Miami— Divides— Uses

WE have thus far treated somewhat at length the pre-historic
state of the county and the region, and spoken briefly of
its Indian history. We now propose to proceed in a somewhat
regular way, describing Randolph County in systematic detail.
First, then, as to her material and physical features :

LOCATION.

Randolph County, as at present constituted, lies in the east-
ern part of the State of Indiana, directly upon the Ohio line,
somewhat midway of the State from north to south. It is about
twenty-one and three-quarter miles in extent from cast to west, and
about twenty-one miles from north to south, containing nearly
4.57 square miles, or about 292,000 acres. It may be properly
enough described by stating first its boundaries and matters con-
nected therewith.

boundaries.

Randolph is bounded north by Jay County ; cast by Mercer
and Darke Counties, Ohio; south by Wayne County, and west
by Henry and Delaware Counties. It lies wholly inland, and
has no lakes nor large navigable streams on its boundaries. The
fortieth parallel of north latitude extends through the southern
part of the county (running east and west], near Arba. Win-
chester is not very far from this parallel, and is thus within one
or two degrees of the latitude of several of the great cities of the
world — New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Lisbon,
Madrid, Rome, Constantinople and Pekin. That fact docs not
prove, indeed, that Winchester is a great city like the places just
named, but only that our latitude round the habitable globe is
favorable for the growth of towns.

The eighth meriilian of longitude west from Washington (or
the eighty-fifth west from London), passes through the county
north and south near and west of Ridgeville and Winchester.
Thus the diffcronce of time with New York is 40 minutes, with
Chicago about 12 minutes, with St. Louis about 20 minutes, and
with San Franscisco about 150 minutes.

INDIAN boundaries.

Two old Indian boundaries pass through the county, both in a
southwesterly direction, and, except in the northern portions,
exactly parallel to each other.

1. VVnyne's boundary, agreed on in a treaty made at Greenville,
Ohio, in 1795, between Gen Anthony Wayne and several tribes
of Indians. (See Indian History.) This boundary (as to that
part of it which extends through Indiana) begins at Fort Recov-
ery, and passes southwest to the mouth of Kentucky River. It
extends through Jay, Randolph, Wayne, Union and Franklin,
between Dearborn and Ripley, between Ohio and Switzerland
Counties, and through Switzerland County. This line enters
Randolph near the northeast corner of Jackson Township (and
of the county, and passes through Jackson, Wayne and Greens-
fork Township. It strikes the north line of Wayne Town-
ship about li miles west of the Ohio line — of Greens-
fork about 3 m'iles, and the Wayne County line about 4^ miles

west from the State line. (See maps.) It passes near and a
little west of New Lisbon, Union City, Bartonia, Salem, Spartans-
burg and Arba.

The surveys on the east side of this boundary were made by
the United States Government soon after 1795, certainly between
1795 and 1803. The surveys extended from the State line west-
ward to the boundary, making fractional sections on the east side
of the boundary, and on the west side as well, when the land on
the west side was surveyed. "Jogs" also are found in the sec-
tions at the boundary, on both sides, of course.

The system of survey now in vogue (by meridians, ranges,
townships and sections) was instituted by the national Con-
gress, May 25, 1785, and May 18, 1796, and from its
excellence and supreme convenience it has been retained con-
tinuously from the time of its adoption. The surveys and plat-
tings made before that day of patents granted under the kings of
England, and by other sovereigns, and also of grants made by
our own government to persons as a reward for meritorious serv-
ice, were effected without regard to meridians. As, for instance,
in the State of New York under English and Dutch grants -and
in Louisiana Territory and Indiana, Illinois and Missouri under
French grants, and in Ohio and elsewhere in the case of grants
to soldiers and others — other and widely varying systems of sur-
veying prevailed. (See chapter on Public Lands.)

When the first settlement of eastern Indiana after the Revolu-
tion began, only the land east of the old (Wayne's) boundary had
been surveyed, and persons who settled had to stop on the east
side of that line, c. g., some of the early settlers near Newport
(now Fountain City) that came in before 1809 have stated that
they went into the woods just as far as they could get, entering
their land directly on the boundary.

COUNTIliS.

The counties in the southeastern part of Indiana (Territory)
that were formed before the " twelve-mile strip " had been sur-
veyed extended at first westward only to the old boundary. And
Randolph (laid out in 1818) reached, when first created, only to
the twelve-mile boundary. Afterward the limits of the counties
were altered so as to make them stand as at present.

Dearborn County at first embraced all the territory between
the Ohio line, the Ohio River and Wayne's boundary. And this
whole region was for a time known as the Territory (or even
State) ot Dearborn.

Settlement was begun thei'c in 1796 by Adam Fluke the year
after Wayne's treaty was made, and, of course, before the land
had been surveyed. The county (Dearborn) was created (by the
Territorial Government) seven years afterward, in 1803. Dear-
born was the third county in the Territory, Knox (around
Vincennes) being the first, and Clarke (on the Ohio) the second.
The fourth county was Harrison, on the Ohio, west of Clarke.
The fifth county was Wayne, taking the northern portion of
Dearborn. Whether Wayne County, when it was created, ex-
tended across the " twelve-mile strip," we do not know. It may
have done so, since that strip was ceded by the Indians in 1809,
and the county was erected in 1810. When the first settlers
came into Randolph (1814), the land between the two boundaries
had been surveyed, and was open for settlement. But the land
west of the "twelve-mile strip" was not ceded by the Indians
till 1818, and not surveyed till 1821-22.

Randolph was the next county organized east of the " bound-
aries," viz , in 1818, two years after Indiana became a State. A
more detailed account will be given hereafter.

SECOND BOUNDARY [TWELVE MILE].

About fourteen years after the first boundary had been estab-
lished at Greenville by Gen. Wayne (1795), a second boundary
was drawn according to a treaty which will now be described, viz :

The second boundary (already mentioned) passing tlirough
the present limits of Randolph County, is the twelve mile bound-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ary in the western part of the county. It was agreed on in a
treaty made with the Indians by Gen. Harrison, Governor of
Indiana Territory, in 180U (at Fort Wayne, September 30, and
at Vincennes, October 26). It was called the twelve mile bound-
ary because, in that treaty the Indians ceded (along with other
lands perhaps) a strip twelve miles wide west of the old boundary
already described. This twelve mile line begins at Fort Recovery
(at the same point with the other), and, proceeding in a straight
line, but at a greater angle than the old boundary till it reaches
a point not far from, and a little west of Ridgeville, and twelve
miles west of the old boundary ; it runs thence parallel with the
said old boundary to the Ohio River.

This second or new, or twelve mile boundary passes a little
west of Ridgeville, and a little east of Unionsport. It crosses
the Missisaincwa River in southeast quarter Section 11, Town
21 north. Range 13 east, Franklin Township, and White River
in White River Township about one mile east of the northeast
corner of Monroe Township, southeast quarter of Section 16,
Town 20, Range 13. The surveys might seem to have been made
without reference to this twelve mile boundary. At any* rate,
there appear to be full sections lying across the boundary without
"jogs " on either side of the line. The ranges are numbered
from the second meiidian, which is about ninety miles west of
the west line of Ohio. The fact seems to be that the second
meridian was located and the base line established, and the ranges
measured and marked on the base line, and then the land be-
tween the boundaries was surveyed before the land on the west
of the " twelve-mile strip," and, after the cession iii 1818, the
survey was completed. As to this lattef purchase and session.
Judge Jere Smith, in his Civil History of Randolph County,
(manuscript) says : " In the month of October, 1818, a treaty was
made by the United States Government with the several tribes
occupying the territory of the State of Indiana. The council
was held on St. Mary's River, somewhere near Shane's Prairie,
not far from where Willshire now stands. Lewis Cass, then
Governor of Michigan Territory, and Jonathan Jennings, Gov-
ernor of Indiana, were appointed by President Monroe, Commis-
sioners to make the treaty. At that treaty, all the country lying
west of the twelve mile purchase and south of the Wabash, and
up it to the rcouth of Little River, and up that river to its head,
and to the Fort Wayne Reservation made by Gen. Wayne in
1795 (with certain reservations specified), was ceded to the
United States. This cession embraced the whole central part of
the State. The land was all surveyed in 1820-21-22, and settlers
flowed in rapidly."

When Randolph County was tirst created (as already re-
marked) it embraced only the land east of the twelve mile bound-
ary. But at the session, commencing December, 1819, the
Legislature laid out, in advance, much of the ceded territory into
counties, and in so doing fixed the final boundaries of Randolph
County as they now stand, but attached thereto for judicial pur-
poses, all the territory north of it to the State line, as also Dela-
ware and Grant. Blackford, Jay, Wells, Adams, Allen, etc., were
vacant land for years afterward, and all that territory was, for
the time, attached to Randolph County ; and the Commis-
sioners, at their session, August, 1820, made all that territory
into a single township and named it Wayne, and ordered an
election to be hold at Fort Wayne for the choice of two Justices
and one Constable. Rather an extensive township that ! largo,
indeed, as to size, but weak as to population. And for some five
years the courts of Randolph had jurisdiction over that region.

KEKIONGA (fort WAYNEj, ETC.

The Miami capital, Kekionga, had stood for ages near the
present location of Fort Wayne, and it was first visited by white
men at least as soon as 1676, and probably much sooner. A
French missionary from Michigan visited the Indian capital in
that year, and Chevalier La Salle is thought to have been there
about 1680, and, about 1705, the French planted a fort there.

Fort Miami. In 1745, the Ilurons burnt this fort. The French
built another there in 1748. In 1759, with the fall of Canada,
all the Frencli posta fell into tlie hands of the English. Ensign
Holmes, of the Briti.sh Army, built a fort on the east bunk of the
St. Jo.seph in 1760-61.

In 1763, in Pontiac's war. Ensign Holmes was betrayed and
slain, and the Indians captured the fort. However, Pontiac's
war was soon ended, and the English again garrisoned the fort
in 1764.

The war of Independence followed, and the peace of 1783
was accomplished ; yet the British, though their government
had agreed to withdraw their troops with all convenient speed,
seem to have held for years several posts, as Detroit, Niagam,
Michilimackinac, and also one near Fort Wayne. When " Mad
Anthony" marched against the Indians in 1794, he found the
British occupying a fort on the Mauraee River, and some ratlier
sharp correspondence took place between the two commanding
officers. Fort Wayne was built by order of Gen. Wayne
after his victory over the savages at the rapids of the Maumee.
For many years after its erection. Fort Wayne was a prin-
cipal center of dealings with the Indian tribes occupying the
forests of Indiana.

Greenville, too, was a place of Indian payment from 1795 (n
1815. From that time onward Fort Wayne was the pldce tif
meeting for the payment of Indian annuities.

A great deal of trade was carried on, chiefly with the Imlians,
at Fort Wayne at the times of payment. Still no permanent
settlement was made there till about 1815. Fort Wayne was
evacuated as a military post in 1819, but it became a depot
of trade in furs, provisions and whisky.

Richardville, one of the Miami chiefs, grew immensely rich
by dealing in furs and by his sales of land. At the Indian pay-
ments traders would come from Ohio and Michigan and even
New York, to peddle their wares and cajole the Indians.

When Indiana was admitted as a State (1816), Allen County
was a part of Knox. The seat of justice for Fort Wayne re-
mained at Vincennes till about 1819, when that was attached
to Randolph County ; and it so continued, with Winchester for
the county seat, till about 1823, at which time Allen County was
created. Fort Wayne was laid out as a town in 1823, and the
plat is recorded in Winchester.

David Connor had a trading post at various locations on the
Mississinewa River, and elsewhere. He stationed himself at Fort
Recovery, then above Deerfield, afterward below Wheeling, and
finally below Marion. An Indian trader was at La Gro, on the
Salamonie, and another at the crossing of the Wabash, by the
" Quaker trail," near New Corydon, Jay County, Ind.

A trader had been (probably for a short time) at the crossing
of the Wabash, near New Corydon, Jay County, much earlier
than the time of David Connor's operations on the Mississinewa,
perhaps before the war of 1812. His name was Miller, his goods
were furnished him by Vanausdal, of Eaton, Ohio. Miller was
murdered by parties unknown.

Allen County was created in 1823, and embraced at first also
what is now Wells, Adams, Huntington and Whitley, leaving
Jay, Blackford, Delaware and Grant still belonging to Randolph.
Huntington was organized in 1834, Adams in 1836, Wells in
1837, and Whitley in 1830, Delaware in 1827, Grant in 1831,
Jay in 1836 and Blackford in 1839, leaving in that latter year
both Allen and Randolph at their final and permanent size.

PUBLIC LANDS.

The system of rectangular survey for public lands was pro-
posed by a committee of the Continental Congress, viz.:

Messrs. Jeff'erson, Williamson, Howell, Gerry and Reas, who
reported. May 7, 1784, by Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, their

Ill STORY OF RA.NDOLPII COUNTY.

'• An ordinance tor ascertaining the mode of locating and
disposing of land in the Western Territory, and for other pur-
poses therein mentioned."

The ordinance was considered, debated and amended, and on
motion of Mr. Grayson, of Virginia (May 3, 1785), seconded
by Mr. Monroe, the size of the township was reduced to six miles
square, and May 25, 1785, the bill became a law.

Under this ordinance, that part of Ohio called " The Seven
Ranges," was surveyed into ranges of townships extending north-
ward from the Ohio River, and numbered toward the north.

The sections were not surveyed, but "mile corners" were
established in the exterior lines of the townships, and the " mile
lots" were numbered from one to thirty-six, beginning with the
southeast corner of the township.

The area of the " Seven Ranges " was 1,641,724 acres. By
act of Congress, May 18, 1796, a Surveyor General was ap-
pointed (the year after Wayne's treaty at Greenville had been
made with the Indians).

Under this act, one-half the townships were divided by " run-
ning" lines each way, two miles apart, through the townships,
and making "mile marks" on these lines. The sections were
numbered from one to thirty-six, beginning at the northeast
corner of each township, and proceeding west and east alternately,
ending with thirty-six in the southeast corner. Fractional town-
ships were numbered exactly as though they had been full size.
This method of numbering is still employed and has been used
ever since its adoption. The act of May 10, 1800, directed the
subdivision of townships into half-.sections of 320 acres. The
act of February 11, 1803, directed the subdivisions into quarter-
sections (160 acres). The act of April 24, 1820, subdivided
into half-quarter sections (eighty acres). The act of April 5,
1832, directed the survey of quarter-quarters, i. e., forty acres.

No further reduction has ever been made. The price of the
public lands also has varied somewhat as follows :

At first not less than a section could be "entered," and the price
was §2 per acre, the purchaser paying in four equal annual pay-
ments. Afterward, "floating claims" were allowed, i. e., if a
man failed to complete his payments he might have a patent for
as much as the money he had paid would cover, and let the rest

go-
After awhile the price was set at $1.25 cash, with the privi-
lege of buying 160 acres, and then of eighty, and by and by
forty acres. In (about) 1840, the right of pre-emption was se-
cured by act of Congress; and in 1862, the "Homestead" act
was passed.

In 1872, an act was passed for " soldiers' homesteads," allow-
ing their terra of service to count on their homestead time.
At some time a provision was made, graduating the price of the
public lands according to the time they had remained unsold in
market, coming down at tiie lowest point to 12J cents per acre.
And it is a noteworthy instance of the public benefit of a judi-
cious railroad system, that, while millions of acres had been stand-
ing for years unsold at the minimum price in Central and Southern
Illinois, in the route of the Central Railroad ; after the road had
been built under a grant of immense quantities of land to the
railroad, the part retained by the Government was sold by it at
$2.50 per acre (twenty times the former price), yielding a net in-
come of over $9,000,000.

The land in Indiana east of the " old boundary " was sur-
veyed from 1799 to 1802. The "twelve-mile strip" was sur-
veyed in 1811. The land west of the " twelve-mile strip" was
surveyed from 1820 onward.

The following statement concerning meridians and base lines,
i.s condensed from the report of the Commissioner of the Land
Office for 1875 ; pages 37-38.

MERIDIANS — 15ASE LINE.S.

Certain north-and-south lines, called meridia
as initial lines of reckoning.

and west are designated, called base lines, crossing the meridians
at right angles.

From the meridians the rjnges are numbered cast or west, or
both, as may happen. From the base lines the townships are
numbered north or south, or both, as the case may be.

MERIDIANS.

During the course of ninety-six years (May, 1785), the fol-
lowing meridians have beon designated :

The first meridian is the west line of Ohio, commencing at the
Ohio River, at the mouth of the Miami River, being 84° 51'
west from Greenwich (or about 7° 49' from Washington).

The lands in Ohio and those in Indiana east of the " old
boundary," are numbered east and west from the first meridian.
The base in this case is the Ohio River.

The second meridian is located ninety miles west of the west-
ern Ohio line, and extends northward to the Indiana State line.
[86° 28' west].

All the lands in Indiana west of the " Old Boundary," are
controlled by this meridian, and also that part of Illinois included
by fifteen ranges west ; and the ranges are numbered eastward
fifteen ranges, or ninety miles, to the State line (or a less distance
to the " old boundary "), and westward fifteen ranges, or ninety
miles, extending some distance into Eastern Illinois. The base
line is an cast and west line crossing the meridian twenty-four
miles north of the Ohio River.

The third meridian extends northward from the mouth of the
Ohi

to the northern boundary of Illinois. This meridia
regulates the land between it and those subject to the second me-
ridian, and westward to the Illinois River. It is the line of 89°
10' 30" west from Greenwich.

The fourth meridian extends from the mouth of the Illinois
northward from latitude 38° 58' 12" through Illinois, Wiscon-
sin and Minnesota.

This meridian controls all the lands in Illinois, west of the
Illinois River, or of this meridian north of its intersection there-
with ; all the lands in Wisconsin, and all in Minnesota lying east
of the Mississippi and of the third guide meridian (west of the
fifth principal meridian) and north of the river.

The fifth meridian extends northward from the mouth of the
Arkansas River, with a base line westward from the mouth of
the St. Francis River. It controls Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa,
Minnesota west of the Mississippi and the third guide meridian,

[90° 58' west].

St] extends from latitude 37'

ne is the 40th degree of lati-

!, Nebraska, Dakota south and
and Colorado (except the Rio

and Dakota east of the- Missouri

The sixth meridian [97°
to the Missouri River. Its base 1
tude.

This meridian controls Kar
west of the Missouri, Wyorair
Grande Valley).

These are the six principal Meridians. Besides these there
are others, as follows:

The Michigan meridian for Michigan, the Tallahassee meri-
dian for Florida, the St. Stephens meridian for parts of Alabama
and Mississippi, the Iluntsville meridian for Northern Alabama,
the Choctaw meridian for Northern Mississippi, the Washington
meridian for Southwestern Mississippi, the Louisiana meridian for
Louisiana west of the Mississippi, the St. Helena meridian for
Southeastern Louisiana (east of the Mississippi), the New Mexico
meridian for New Mexico and Colorado in the Rio Grande Val-
ley, the great Salt Lake meridian for Utah, the Boise meridian
for Idaho, the Mount Diablo meridian for Central and Northeast-
ern California and all of Nevada, the San Bernardino meridian
for Southern California east of the meridian and some west of
it, the Humboldt meridian for northwestern California, the Willa-
mette meridian for Oregon and Washington, the Montana meridian
for Montana, the Gila and Salt River meridian for Arizona, the
Indian meridian for Indian Territory.

[NorE. It may bo remarked that the Texas Lands are not

HISTORY OF KANDOLPH COUNTY.

mentioDed. They were left in the ownership of the State, and
hence, are not included in the United States Surveys. Thus it
is seen that twenty-four meridians of survey have been designa-
ted by the Government.]

Randolph County land is numbered from two meridians, first
and second.

The first meridian is the line between Indiana and Ohio. The
second meridian is ninety miles west of the first.

The land east of the old (Wayne's) boundary is surveyed and
numbered westward from the first meridian.

The second meridian begins at a point on the Ohio River in
Perry County, Ind., ninety miles west of the Ohio line. It ex-
tends north between Perry and Crawford, through Crawford,
Orange, Lawrence, Monroe, Morgan, Hendricks, Boone, Clin-
ton, Carroll and Cass, between Pulaski and Fulton, between
Stark and Marshall, and through St. Joseph to the north line of
Indiana.

The land west of the old boundary and to the second meri-
dian, is surveyed and numbered eastward from the second meri-

One range in Randolph County (fractional), and four ranges
in all, are counted from the first meridian, and fifteen ranges in
all are reckoned eastward of the second meridian to the Ohio line.

Randolph County embi-aces Range 1 west of the first princi-
pal meridian (east of the old boundary), and Ranges 12, 13, 14
and 15 east of second principal meridian.

It embraces townships 16, 17, 18 and (south half of) 19
west of first meridian, and townships (north half of) 18, and (the
whole of) 19, 20 and 21, east of the second principal meridian,
in Ranges 12, 13, li and 15 aforesaid.

The base of the survey on the east side of the old boundary
would seem to be the point where the boundary touches the Ohio
River. At any rate the townships number thence toward the
north. Hence the south line of Randolph County is about
ninety miles north of the point where the old boundary strikes
the Ohio.

[It is however only about sixty miles from the nearest point
on the Ohio.]

The base line of the survey on the west side of the old boun-
dary crosses the second meridian about 24 miles north of the
point at which that meridian touches the Ohio River, there being
four townships south of the base line to the Ohio on the east side
of the second meridian.

On the west side there are fourteen townships in Indiana
south of that base line.

The whole of Indiana west of the second meridian is surveyed
and numbered westward from that second meridian and also more
or less of Illinois.

There are "jog^" on both sides of the ''old boundary," the
surveys on the two sides of that boundary having no connection
with each other. There are no "jogs" at the '-twelve-mile
boundary." The surveys west of the '' old boundary," and on
both sides of the " new boundary " were all made from the sec-
ond meridian eastward, although the land east of that second
boundary contiguous thereto was surveyed before the land on the
west side.

One thing may be of interest, and not universally known, as
to the survey of the public lands, viz : The townships are square,
six miles on aside, while the meridians are not parallel (of course).
This disagreement causes fractional sections, which are made to
occur at the side which is at the close of the survey. The range
lines were first established six miles apart, and then the townships,
six miles square, were measured off, and afterward the section lines
were run each way, one mile apart. The section corners were
established by corner trees, as also by witness trees, all marked
with descriptions of size, measurements, distances from corner, etc.

By these section-corners the section is afterward divided into
halves, quarters, eighths, sixteenths. The original surveys arc
described as they were taken, in the " field notes," which are de-

posited in the office of the County Auditor, and are accessible to all
who wish to consult them. Owing to various obstacles and diffi-
culties and possibly sometimes to carelessness, the original surveys
were not always accurate and sometimes seriously wrong. The
corners, however, established in such survey, when they can be
determined, must stand. It is true, indeed, that some sections
contain more than other.\ and the lines between corners are not
always regular ; but certainty and stability are of paramount im-
portance, and far more so than mere quantity. Legal methods,
have been established by the State for completing the survey of
a section, and for ascertaining and fixing any desired corner, line
or boundary ; and when done according to law, the work of the
" lawful surveyor " has to stand.

It may or may not be known by all although it is neverthe-
less a certain fact, that surveying is for many reasons a most deli-
cate and difficult operation ; and the fewest number, even of pro-
fessional surveyors, are able to execute an extensive survey with
even approximate accuracy. It is true also that " disputed bound-
aries " are a fruitful source of quarrels between neighbors, and
not seldom fierce enmity and perm-anent and bitter personal
hatred, will grow from such a dispute.

A very curious instance, showing both the difficulty in the
subject matter, the fierceness of strifes arising from such sources,
and the need of accurate knowledge and superior practical skill
in execution, as also the advantage, nay, the absolute necessity
of possessing the confidence of the contending parties, occurred
many years ago ; and, as the case has never been in print, so far
as we are aware, it may be well to preserve a statement of the
case for the advantage of posterity.

A certain large landed estate with many heirs was to bo
divided. The attempt was made by different surveyors, but no
two came out alike, and none was satisfactory. At last a survey-
or was sent for a hundred miles away. He came, knowing noth-
ing beforehand of the trouble in the matter. He found, perhaps,
a hundred men on hand, and saw that he had a doubly-difficult
task to perform — to make a survey diflBcult in its.elf, and to satisfy
the parties concerned of the correctness of his work. He soon
found that the chief trouble grew from the fact that a line had to
be ascertained that extended through an impassable swamp. He
felt that the essential thing to be done was, to satisfy that crowd
of men that he could measure a line exactly without going
near it ; so, ordering two stakes to be set at an unknown distance
apart, he, without himself going near either one of them or up-
on the line between them, by measurements and calculations
of triangles, found the distance between those stakes, and an-
nounced it to an inch. " Now," said he, " go measure it." They did,
and to their amazement found that he was right, " to a shaving."
" There," said he, " are you satisfied that I can tell the exact
length of aline without passing over it or being upon it't" " We
are," was the universal reply. " Well then, don't you see that I
can tell how far it is across that swamp without crossing it?"
" Yes, we do," was the answer. He then went on with his work,
and completed the survey ; and, though his results were unlike all
the rest (which was natural enough), all were satisfied, and the
bitter controversy was forever at an end. They felt that he was
"master of his business," and that if the survey could be made
at all, he could do it, and that he had done it. The other sur-
veyors might have been near enough correct, but they had not
secured the confidence of the parties concerned in advance.

Another actual case equally curious, though of another sort,
we state, both of the instances showing, among other things, how
matters that occur in actual life are more difficult than any prob-
lems found in textbooks.

A man died leaving a widow with ten children, all minors, and
also a considerable estate. A final division could not be made
till the youngest came of age. Before that time, seven of the
children had died, one by one, so that the final distribution of
the estate had to be made to the widow and the three surviving
children. The law was this : The widow was entitled by statute

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

to one- third, and the children, collectively, to the other two-thirds.
If a- child died, half its portion went to the mother, and the
other lialf in equal shares to the surviving children. How much
is the final share of the widow, and of each surviving child?
This problem in fractions the court had to solve, and "seas of
figures " were made by experts in attempts to make the calcula-
tion and to determine the result.

SURFACE.

There are no mountains noreven high bills in Randolph County.
The center between the Mississinewa and White Rivera is largely
low and mostly level, much of the land needing draining. Far-
ther from the sources of the streams the surface becomes more
rolling. And in the southern part of the county it is still more
so. On Nolan's and Green's Forks, Martindale's Creek, West
River and Little White River, the gentle hills and sloping val-
, leys present a very picturesque appearance. In early times much
of the level portions were difficult of occupation, but, of late years,
extensive ditching has been done and the low portions make the
very best farms.

VEQETATION.

Occasionally, when the settlers first came, a low, wet prairie
would be found ; but, for the most part, a thick, heavy woods
covered the soil, and they were filled mostly with an abundant
underbrush. Jere Smith, in his " Reminiscences," says :

" The country was thickly timbered with a tall, heavy forest,
having a wonderful undergrowth of shrubs and wild grass and
weeds. The trees were beech, sugar tree, ash (gray, blue and
swamp), oak (white, red, burr, pin and river), poplar, walnut
(white and black), elm (red or slippery, and white or hickory),
hickory (black or pignut, and shell bark), buckeye, linn, wild
maple, hackberry, coifeenut, honey locust, cottonwood. The
undergrowth was spice-bush, ironwood, water-beech and horn-
beam, prickly-ash, dogwood, kunnekanic (Indian name, now ex-
tinct), red-bud, paw-paw, wild plum, red and black haw, sassa-
fras ; in swamps, black alder, willow, thorn, crab-apple, young
cottonwood.

WEEDS AND GRASSES.

" Nettles, peavines, may apple, ginseng, ferns (two kinds),
snake-root (black and seneca), silkweed, ramps (soon extinct),
bear-grass, file-grass, skunk-cabbage, cat's tail. In clearings,
butter-weed, thistles, mullein, dog-fennel (may-weed) ; in tilled
lands, Spanish needles and touch-me-nots."

ANIMALS.

The same authority says: "The game were deer, squirrels
(gray, black and red), turkeys, pheasants and bears. Other wild
animals were wolves, raccoons, ground-hogs, possums, porcupines,
wild-cats, foxes, panthers, otter, minks and pole cats."

There were, in many parts, especially after the country had
been partially settled, great numbers of wild hngs, the offspring
of animals which had been tame, but that were grown wild by rang-
ing in the woods. These wild hogs were often very fierce and
savage, and considerably dangerous. And it is curious how
quickly the tame swine themselves would become wild by running
in the forest. These droves of hogs would sometimes remain
unmolested for two or three years, since they would fatten only
in the "mast years," and the mast would occasionally fail for a
year or two, or even more, and the herrls of swine would greatly
increase during those years, and become vastly formidable to
persons passing through the forest. In some places autumnal
fires had killed the undergrowth and left the forest beautifully
open. In a few cases, also, hurricanes had passed and prostrated
the timber, leaving the ground covered with trunks of trees
lying in every direction. One such tract existed near Spartan-
burg. Another was caused a few years later by a terrific storm
that tore through the southern part of the county. A history of it
will be found in " Reminiscences by Jere. Smith," in another

L terrified witness of t

part of this work,
fearful scene.

The surface of Randolph County rises to a considerable height.
The land on which Union City stands, is said to be, with one ex-
ception, the highest land in the State, being not far from 1,000 feet
above the level of the Gulf of Mexico. Of the State itself, the
northeastern part slopes to the northeast, the water passing through
the Maumee to Lake Erie. The center slopes to the west and
southwest, being drained by the White, the Wabash, etc., into
the Ohio. The southeast and south portions slope directly to the
Ohio, and the regions of the northwest and north are drained
into Lake Michigan. A small portion of the east drains eastward
to the Miami. The chief valleys in the State are the Maumee
(and its affluents) in the northeast, the Wabash in the center, the
Whitewater in the east and southeast, the Kankakee in the north-
west, the St. Joseph in the north, the Ohio in the south, the
Miami in the east. The county itself embraces parts of the
Wabash, the Whitewater and the Miami Valleys, as will be more
fully seen hereafter. There were originally a few swamps or
marshes, mostly at the head of the streams, as the swamp be-
tween Nolan's Fork and Greenville Creek, in Greensfork Town-
ship, and some others. These two creeks run in opposite direc-
tions from the same marsh. Nolan's Fork flows south into White-
water, and Greenville north and then east toward the Miami.
But these old-time swamps, by the clearing of the forests and the
draining of their surface, are mostly changed to dry land.

During late years, and especially at the present time, an
immense amount of ditching has been, and is being done by the
farmers of the county. It is considered that the high and rolling
ground, even, is vastly improved by thorough draining ; and,
while the low marshy land, utterly useless otherwise, has been,
by a thorough system of ditching, transformed into excellent
farms, the more rolling land has in many cases been ditched
also and greatly improved thereby. Many of the artificial
drains are immense ditches, deep and wide, and extending for
miles through scores and hundreds of farms. Their construction
is regulated by law, and, though costly, they are of immense
benefit, and, in fact, indispensable to the prosperity of the farming
interest. Though it is regretted by many, that the legal regulations
require so great an amount of attending cost, causing the ditching
of the country to be exceedingly expensive ; still, the owners of
low lands cannot do without the ditches. Yet, a system is greatly
to be desired that shall result in the construction of the largest
and most serviceable ditches at the lowest practicable cost.

MINERALS, ROCKS, ETC.

Gravel is somewhat abundant, being found in drift heaps like
knolls, covered in most cases with surface earth several feet deep.
Often these gravel deposits are very large. Some of them are in
the bluffs of the creeks, but many also are at a distance from any
stream. Sand is found in many places but is not so plentiful as
gravel. Lime is burned on the banks of the Mississinewa River
near Ridgeville, and on the White River near Macksville, and
also near Farmland. There are two kilns near Maxville and one
near Farmland. The proprietors of the two kilns near Maxville
burn, on an average, twelve times a year, 400 bushels at a time.
The demand is large and rapid, the whole of a kiln being sold
often as fast as it can be loaded. The lime is said to be of an
excellent quality. These quarries furnish aljo rock for founda-
tions, etc., and experts say that, by digging deeper, excellent
building stone might be obtained in abundance. In some places
within the county, rock-boulders are found quite plentifully.
Across the southern part of Randolph occurs a remarkable deposit
of loose rocks on the surface. The tract is, perhaps, a mile wide,
and is supposed to extend eastward over most of the county. In
some parts of the tract the stones lie so thick as nearly to cover
the ground. Sometimes immense rocks weighing many tons are
met with, boulders also, some of them very large, are found in

HISTORY OF RANDOl.PH COUNTY.

various parts of the county. In some cases farmers take pains
to gather the rocks from their lands, and utilize them by walling
a well or, by laying them into the foundations of a barn. In
some places also the huge rocks have been blasted by powder, so
as to become available for walling purposes.

MAXVILLE REGION.

The following sketch contains some facts furnished by I. M.
Branson, Esq., of Maxville, Randolph County. His article has
been somewhat condensed to correspond to the narrow limits of
the space available for its insertion : A tract of land containing
eighty to one hundred acres lying north of Maxville, and extend-
ing both eastward and westward from that town, constituting at
the present time a portion of the valley of White River, seems to
present striking evidences of the action thereon of the forces of
the Glacial Epoch, during which, after the prevalence for un-
known ages of fire and water, ice became for a season monarch of
the world-wide waste, producing, as the result of its power, a con-
dition of things described as the Drift Period, such as loose, un-
stratified deposits of clay, sand, gravel, and stones or rocks famil-
iar to the sight of every man in the Northern States, which, by
the way; are said not to be found much south of forty degrees
north latitude. In some places, the drift deposits form oidy a
slight covering above the solid rock while elsewhere the deposits
are piled up in hills and ridges. This latter state of things
exists in the locality mentioned. Apparently the drift or ava-
lanche came southwest, leveling by its mighty power hills and
ridges, filling ravines and hollows in its onward course. The
melting of the ice has left these vast deposits of boulders, gravel,
fossils, etc., scattered everywhere.

The whole region was previously a surface of limestone. In
some places the lime rock is still uncovered, though lying mostly
from a few inches to several feet below the surface. Over the
whole ground are scattered many kinds of material — stone, clay,
soil, sand, loam and alluvium in a mass together. The boulders
are of all sizes, from small rubble stones to rocks weighing several
tons. The masses are rounded as if water-worn, and possess a
structure entirely different from the layers of rock upon which
they rest. These boulder rocks have evidently been transported
to their present location by some wonderful force, presenting as
they do marks of parallel grooves or strije, so-called, caused, as
supposed, by the scraping of the boulder masses upon the solid
stone-layers lying below. The bedrock at the surface is polished
and grooved in the same manner. The locality in question might
seem to have been the spot at which the huge glacier stopped its
motion and melted away, thus leaving its entire burden of drift.
There have been found petrified fish, beech nuts, hickory nuts,
wood, worms, etc., all transformed into solid stone. The chief
evidences of the approach and resting-place of a glacier are mo-
raines, erratic blocks, polished surfaces, stria, etc.

The river flows west and northwest througli this tract. The
hills are low and gradual in ascent. The ravines extend north
and south with the ends running into the river " filled up." In
excavating for limestone, different strata of earth and soil, sand,
gravel, loam and clay are discovered in a conglomerate mass. In
the river valley, below this region, none of the features named are
noticed. Some of the bouhiers are monsters. The surface of
the limestone is level ; extending from the river, toward the high-
lands on each side upon this ground, are siluateil the Maxville
lime-quarries. The bottom of the river is a solid bed of lime-
stone. Many fossils have been found, such as the imprint of
leaves, twigs and plants, shells, nuts and small grades of animal
life upon the surface of the lime rock. This whole tract possesses
great interest for a geologist and would bear a far more careful
and extensive exploration.

INLAND WATERS.

There are no lakes, nor even ponds of any size in Randolph
County. The rivers are the Mississinewa and its branches in the

north (flowing, i. e., the main stream, nearly west); the White
River and its branches in the center, the main stream flowing
west; the branches of the Whitewater (but not the Whitewater
itself), in the south, flowing southward; and one or two branches
of the Miami in the east, tending eastward.

MISSISSINEWA VALLEY.

This valley embraces the entire northern part of the
county. It rises in the State of Ohio and enters Ran-
dolph County in the northeastern part of Jackson Township,
flowing nearly west, veering, however, slightly north through the
northern parts of the northern tier of townships, Jackson, Ward,
Franklin and Green; it enters Delaware County near the north-
west corner of Green Township. It is a considerable stream,
flowing into the Wabash, through Randolph, Delaware, Grant and
Miami Counties, a little above Peru. The towns near it (in Ran-
dolph County) are AUensville, Deerfiold, Ridgeville, Steubenville
and Fairview, and (out of Randolph) Albany (Delaware County),
Jonesboro and Marion (Grant County). AUensville, Steuben-
ville and Deerfield are south of the River, and Ridgeville is north
of it. None of these towns except Ridgeville are of much im-
portance, though it is a thriving little town. AUensville is in Jack-
son Township, nearly north of Union City. Deerfield is in Ward
Township, north of Winchester; Ridgeville is in Franklin Town-
ship, northwest of Winchester. Steubenville and Fairview are
in Green Township, the most northwestern part of the county.
The chief branches of the Mississinewa arc on the south side,
Bush, Bear, Mad, Hickory and Massie's Creeks, and Little Mis-
sissinewa River. On the north side, Goshen, Dinner and Day's
Creeks. Bush Creek rises in White River, and flows through
Franklin, Monroe and Green, entering the Mississinewa a little
east of Steubenville. Bear Creek heads in White River, flows
through White River and Franklin, emptying three miles below
Ridgeville. Mud Creek (there are several) rises in White River,
flows through White River and Ward, emptying just west of
Deerfield. Hickory Creek heads in White River, flows through
White River and Ward, and reaches the Mississinewa, east of
Deerfield. Massie's Creek rises in Ward and empties between
AUensville and Deerfield. Little Mississinewa River heads in
Wayne Township west of Salem, flows nearly north and just
west of Union City, through Wayne and Jackson, and meets the
Big Mississinewa a little east of AUensville. Goshen (north
side) flows from Jay County into Ward Township, emptying near
Deerfield. Day's Creek is mostly in Franklin Township, empty-
ing east of the mouth of Bear Creek. Dinner Creek flows south-
west through Green Township and empties west of the mouth of
Bush Creek. Some of these streams are of considerable size,
and themselves have aflluents; Bush Creek hasElkhorn and sev-
eral others, Bear Creek has Tiger Branch. The towns in this
region (not yet mentioned) are, or have been, New Lisbon, Jack-
son Township cast of Little Mississinewa; Mount Holly, west of
New Lisbon in Jackson; New Pitt.sburg, in Jackson, north of
the Mississinewa near the Jay County line; New Midiiletown,
Jackson, between Union and Deerfield on the Deerfield State
road: Saratoga, on the railroad between Union City and Ridge-
ville, in Ward Township; Harrisville, on the "Bee Line,"
between Union and Winchester in Wayne; Randolph, on the
railroad south of Deerfield, Ward Township, Salem, Wayne
Township, near the head of Little Mississinewa; Union City, near
the Little Mississinewa, at the junction of several railroads.

WHITE RIVER VALLEY.

Is in the center of the county, extending from east to west.

Wliite River is the largest stream in the county. It rises in
the east part of Washington Township, flows northeast several
miles through Washington, White River and Wayne, then turn-
ing westerly (in Wayne) it passes out of Wayne and through
White River and Stony Creek, across a very small corner of Mon-
roe, leaving Randolph near Windsor ; thence through Delaware,

34

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Madison, Hamilton, Marion, Johnson, Morgan, Owen, Greene,
between Daviess and Knox, and between Knox and Pike, and
Gibson Counties, with a general southwesterly course, it enters
Wabash opposite Mount Carmel (a town in Illinois) a long distance
below Vincennes.

The towns near White River (in Randolph) are : Snow
Hill, Washington Township ; Harrisville, Wayne Township ;
Winchester, White River Township ; Maxville, White River
Township ; Farmland, Monroe Township ; Windsor, Stony Creek
Township. Those towns are all south of the river but Snow Hill,
Harrisville and Farmland. Snow Hill and Farmland are north,
and Harrisville east, of White River. White River takes its
westerly course near Harrisville in Wayne.

Winchester is a considerable town, and a railroad center ; the
others, except Farmland, are small and of little importance.
Harrisville is on a railroad and so are Farmland and Winchester.
The towns (out of Randolph) on White River are : Muncie,
county seat of Delaware ; Anderson, county seat of Madison ;
Noblesville, county seat of Hamilton : Indianapolis, county seat
of Marion and capital of the State; Martinsville, county seat
of Morgan ; Spencer, county seat of Owen; Bloomfield, county
seat of Greene.

These towns are railroad towns also, and more or less active
and flourishing. They are important centers of business and
trade for the region around them.

Indianapolis is one of the greatest railroad centers in the
world, is by far the largest town in the State, and rapidly reach-
ing its older rivals throughout the country.

The chief branches of the White River are on the south side,
the water on the north draining mostly into the Mississinewa.

The affluents are: Stony, Cabin, Eight Mile, Sparrow,
Spring Branch, Sugar and Salt Creeks.

Stony Creek is mostly in Delaware County, entering Ran-
dolph south of Windsor, and emptying not fiir from that town.

Cabin Creek rises west of Huntsville in West River, flows
northwest through West River, White River and Stony Creek,
emptying midway between Maxville and Windsor.

Eight-Mile Creek begins in Washington, flows through
Washington, West River and White River, and empties into
White River (stream) in the northeast corner of Stony Creek, a
little west of Maxville.

Spring Branch is wholly in White River, between Sparrow
and Sugar Creeks.

Sparrow Creek licads in West River, flows through White
River, and empties a mile east of Maxville.

Sugar Creek rises in Crane Pond in Washington ; flows
through Washington and White River, and empties a little north-
west of Winchester.

Salt Creek begins in Washington, flows north through Wash-
ington, White River (and the town of Winchester), and empties
a short distance north of Winchester.

Stony Creek has a large branch, Little White River. It
rises in Nettle Creek, flows through Nettle Creek and Stony
Creek, and enters Stony Creek (stream) in the west part of the
township.

The towns in this region are: Losantville, Huntsville,
Pleasant View, Unionsport and Buena Vista.

Losantville is in Nettle Creek at the head of Little White

Unionsport is in West River and White River on Cabin
Creek.

Huntsville is in West River at the head of Cabin Creek.

Buena Vista is east of Unionsport in West River and White
River.

Pleasant View is in Stony Creek and Nettle Creek, north-
east of Losantville.

WHITE WATKK V.4LLEY

Embraces most of the southern portion of Randolph County,
though no part of the river itself is found therein. Its chief

branches in Randolph are : Nolan's Fork, Greensfork, Mar-
tindale Creek and West River.

Nolan's Fork drains the southern part of Greensfork Town-
ship.

Greensfork drains the west part of Greensfork and the
south part of Washington Township.

Martindale Creek and West River drain the south part of
West River Township.

Arba is on the west side of Nolan's Fork in Greensfork
Township.

Lynn is on the west side of Greensfork in Washington
Township.

Bloomingsport is near one of the western branches of Greens-
fork in Washington Township.

These branches of White River, in Randolph County, flow
chiefly southward.

MIA. MI VALLEY.

The only affluents of the Miami in Randolph County are
Greenville and Dismal Creeks. Greenville Creek rises in Greens-
fork Township, southeast of Spartansburg, flows north and north-
east through Greensfork and Wayne, near and east of Spar-
tansburg and Bartonia, and enters Ohio in the northeastern part
of Wayne ; Dismal heads in the north part of Greensfork,
flows northeast through Wayne, and enters Ohio a mile south of
Union City. Spartansburg is on the west side of Greenville Creek
in Greensfork Township. Bartonia is also west of Greenville
Creek and in Wayne Township.

" CROSSINGS."

The streams are crossed by the numerous highways extending
in all directions. Large bridges are required over the White and
Mississinewa in several places. The chief crossings of the
Mississinewa are: 1. North of Allensville, a pike. 2.
South of New Pittsburg, a pike. 3. North of Deerfield, a
pike. 4. South of Ridgeville, an iron bridge. 5. Midway
between Ridgeville and Deerfield, a ford. 6. South of Fair-

The main crossings of White River are : 1. Near Mount
Zion Meeting-house, southeast of Winchester. 2. East of Win-
chester on the Greenville State Road. 3. Two or three crossings
in the region of Harrisville. 4. East of Winchester, near White
River Friends' Meeting-house. 5. Not very far from Winchester,
northwest of the fair grounds. 6. Not far from Stephen Moor-
man's in the region where Sampletown used to be. 7. Near
Maxville. 8. Just south of Farmland. 9. South of Morris-
town. There is a large bridge over Stony Creek just east of
Windsor.

VALLEYS AND DIVIDES.

The Mississinewa Valley embraces the northern part of the
county, chiefly Jackson, Ward, Franklin and Green Townships.
White River Vallev is in the center, taking -(parts of) Wayne and
White River, Stony Creek, Nettle Creek, and (parts of) Wash-
ington and West Rivers.

The Whitewater Valley includes most of Greensfork, Wash-
ington ami West River. Miami Valley takes (parts of) Greens-
fork and Wayne. There are three " divides," mostly low and
marshy — (1) between Mississinewa and White Rivers ; (2) between
White and Whitewater Rivers ; (3) between White and White
River and Miami. The " divide " between Mississinewa and
White begins near the center of Wayne southwest of Salem, and
passing near Harrisville, extends on the north side of, and not
very far from White River stream, through White River and
Monroe Townships.

The "divide" between White and Whitewater begins in the
west part of Greensfork, and, passing into the north part of
Washington and bending southward, it extends near the center of
West River Township, and through the south part of Nettle
Creek. The "divide," setting ofi" the Miami waters from
those of the White and the Whitewater, commences in Wayne

., / J

<^-ii-Tji<f e^^-^CMi^lt

HISTORY OV RANDOLPH COUNTY.

south of Union City, extends southwest through Wayne into
Greensfork, and thence south and southeast to the southeast
part of Greensfork.

USES OF THK STREAMS.

Many of these streams were in early times used for water-
power for grist-mills, saw-mills and other machinery.

The most important in these respects were Mississinewa
River, White River and Cabin Creek, the last being in some
respects the best of the three for water power.

In the latter days the amount of water is much more vari-
able and uncertain than of old in all the streams. The clearing
of the timber and the drainage of the low lands seem to have
greatly lessened the quantity of water in the rivers and creeks.
And for these, and perhaps other reasons, steam has almost
wholly superseded the use of water as a power for the propelling
of machinery in this county.

There is still a water mill on White River at Maxville and
one at Windsor, one on Mississinewa at Ridgeville, one on
Cabin Creek near its mouth, and perhaps one or two others.
The slope of the streams is very slight, and water has to be
conveyed a long distance to secure sufficient fall for the requisite
power.

In earlier times many more mills, both for sawing and grind-
ing, carding machines, etc., were to be found, most of which are
now discontinued.

Mississinewa and White were at first (especially the former)
used during the spring floods for boating, rafting, etc.

Wayne and Randolph were settled before the main portions
of the White River, the Mississinewa and the Wabash valleys ;
and, when these latter named regions began to be settled, about
the only way to reach them with supplies of fruit, potatoes, flour,
pork, etc., was to haul the merchandise to the Mississinewa at
Ridgeville, build or buy a flatboat, load it, and guide the awk-
ward, unwieldy thing down the current of the river to the set-
tlers below. Sometimes a number of boats would be taken down
together.

Mr. Joab Ward, of Ridgeville (see Thomas Ward's remin-
iscences), built many boats and sold them to parties who wished
to convey their produce down the stream. Generally the man
who owned the commodities would purchase a boat and do his
own boating, or hire some person for that special trip.

Mr. Ward would furnish a boat, all complete, forty feet long,
for $25. Many stories are told by the early settlers of the in-
cidents of boating life, and of the dangers and the losses in-
curred during the voyage down the stream. Sometimes the
owners of the "crafts" would have to "run the mill-dams," and
the boats would be broken and wrecked, and some men were
drowned. In a few instances the owners of the mills would for-
bid the passage of the dams by the boats, and one mill-owner
drew his rifle to his shoulder and threatened to shoot the boat-
man. The boat passed the dam, however, and the man did not
shoot.

Once a man from Deerfield, Mr. Searl, gathered several boat-
loads of charcoal and started down, but near Fairview the car-
goes were wrecked and lost.

This business of boating continued for several years ; but,
before very long, those valleys became settled and raised their
own supplies and, of course, that put a stop to the flat-boating
on the Mississinewa.

This kind of craft could only "float," and of course could
not be brought back up stream ; and therefore a boat never went
but one voyage, and frequently (as already stated) did not even
accomplish that. When the boatmen had made their downward
trip, the boats were disposed of in some way, and the gallant
fellows came on shore and went home by land, and, of course, on
foot. A group of jolly chaps would frequently have a merry
time (and sometimes a hard one) in " footing" it in company,
from Marion or the mouth of the Mississinewa or somewhere

else in that region, to their homes near Ridgeville. It was not
uncommon for persons who were expert boatmen to hire out to
take a boat down the stream to the Wabash and then walk back.

It seems hard now, but the brave, stalwart fellows thought it no
special hardship then. In fact, the flatboatmen on the Ohio and
Mississippi to New Orleans had to come home from that far distant
market on foot. One thing sometimes gave special trouble to the
footmen on the Mississinewa. The boating could be done only
in time of the spring floods, and the creeks and bottoms would
be flooded too, and the footmen in returning were in danger of
of having to wade and almost to swim. One o'd boatman stated
that he was obliged on coming home from one of his trips to
wade up to his neck. But dear me ! What did they care 'i It
all went in a life time, and life was dull without adventures and
mishaps.

It would seem a wonder that no town grew up at Ridgeville.
Lewellyn's mill and Ward's " boat-buildery" (to coin a word)
both were there, and surely less than that would start a town now-
a-days. But the " boating'' would only last for a single trip — and
not every year at that. And a mill alone will not make a town
even now. It will help somewhat but cannot make one, and much
less could it do so then. And Lewellyn's was not very much of
a mill. So Ridgeville had to wait fifteen or twenty years for its
first laying out, and sixteen or seventeen years more for another
start, and then some twelve years longer before it really took to
growing in earnest.

It was first platted in 1837, twenty years after Meshach
Lewellyn first settled on the tract. But the town was a failure
and the lots were never sold. " Newtown" was laid out in 1853,
when the railroad from Union City was in process of construc-
tion. The place- made a beginning, but the road " flatted out,"
and the town hardly "got out of the shell." But in 1867 the
Logansport road became a fact and Ridgeville began to become
a reality. Not very long afterward the north and south
road was built, giving the embryo town a crossing, and Ridge-
ville seems at last to be making a somewhat important center of
trade. But its real and certain growth as a permanent thing
only began to be on the completion of the Grand Rapids track,
full fifty years from its original settlement and the budding of
its first mill.

About fourteen years ago the Free Will Baptists founded
Ridgeville College, which has been' struggling on with more or
less efficiency and success ever since.

[It is a curious fact as to the name of the new town at
Ridgeville, that a soldier who died there during the war, is
said, upon the " Company Roll," to have died at "Newtown,"
Ind., showing that by some the town was still called by the name
given at the now laying out, which name, however, seems
at the present time to have entirely disappeared.]

1461018

OHAPTEE IV.

EARLY ULSTOllY.

Genisral-Settlkment-Fikst Things— Manner of Life
:ng, Ci.EAniNo, Lands, Fuunituue, Food, Cookinu
Clotiiino, Money, A5iusement.s, Relioion, Etc.

GENERAL HISTORY.

WHEN Indiana was made a State, in ISlti, Wayne County
embraced all the territory north of her south line and
east and south of the outer boundary of the " twelve-mile strip,"
(probably).

All west of the " twelve-mile strip " to Vigo, Knox and Sulli-
van, was Indian land. There had been no white inhabitants in
Indiana north of the settlers in (what was then) Wayne County,
except a few soldiers and some two or three white families on the

30

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

present site of the city of Fort Wayne, and the soldiers had been
removed from that post the year before (1816). There was
nothing anywhere else north but forts at Green Bay, Detroit,
Fort Dearborn (Chicago), and Mackinaw (the last named on the
Straits of Michilimackinac, and a far northern region with a bleak
and inhospitable climate). In this respect, indeed, the present town
of Mackinaw is a worthy successor of the old village and fort.
Not many years ago, perhaps in the spring of 1871, ice was
still found solid and unbroken in the Straits of Mackinaw to
the depth of four feet. That cool and breezy region makes, how-
ever, a delightful summer resort, and many from the country in
general, and from Randolph County as well, find health and
pleasure combined amid the picturesque scenery of that rugged
country.

The two Indian boundaries cut off from the territory occu-
pied by the savage tribes, only a small portion of the east side,
widest at the south, and running to a point at Fort Recovery,
Ohio.

It will be seen that almost the whole State was at that time a
dense wilderness. The settled portions comprised a small, nar-
row tract in the southeast part, and " patches " along the Ohio
and Wabash Rivers, at Vevay, Corydon, Evansvillo, Vincennes
and Terre Haute. The French had settled Vincennes more than
a century before, and the Swiss had colonized Vevay in 1803.

Other emigrants were flocking in and pushing settlements
forward, and numbers of Carolinians, Virginians, Tennesseeans,
Kentuckians, etc., had located in the State (or Territory, rather)
in Dearborn, Franklin and Wayne Counties, before the purchase
of the twelve-mile strip (1809), and the settlers' wave had reached
Randolph in 1814. The State was admitted to the Union in 1816,
and in 1818 emigrants enough had entered the region to entitle
the people thereof to form a county. The settlers had occupied
Nolan's Fork, Greensfork, Martindale Creek, West River and
White River with some of its creeks east of the " boundary."

The new county was named Randolph from old Randolph
County in North Carolina, because many of the residents within
its limits had come from that county in the " Old North State ;"
and because a member of the Legislature, living within its bounds,
was also a native of the same.

Its boundaries at first were only from the present north line
of Wayne County, and east of the twelve-mile boundary.

In 1824, the State capital was permanently located at Indian-
apolis, then a mere hamlet in the woods. The Indian title to the
lands in the central and northern parts of the State was mostly
extinguished in 1818.

Winchester was located as the county seat of Randolph in
1818 (the same year that the county was established, and some
years before Indianapolis was founded), in the unbroken forest,
and for a considerable time Winchester was the sent of justice for
all the white people north, including those who were making
their homes at Fort Wayne.

The counties now comprising the territory which had been, at
some previous time, included in either Wayne or Randolph Coun-
ties, are as follows, with the date of their respective creation :

Wayne, 1810 ; Randolph, 1818 ; Allen, 1823 ; Delaware, 1827;
Grant, 18-31; Henry, — ; Huntington. 1834; Adams, Wells,
Jay, 1836 ; Blackford, Whitley, 1839.

[Note. Other northern counties are not here mentioned.
Theoretically, Randolph extended northward to the northern line
of Indiana ; practically it is not known that she exercised any
jurisdiction beyond the vicinity of Fort Wayne].

8KTTLEMENT.

The first settlement in Randolph County was made in April,
1814, by Thomas W. Parker, with his wife and three children, a
Quaker family from North Carolina. He selected his land,
brought his family to the place he had chosen, built a " camp "
and lived in it four weeks, till his cabin was raised and covered,
and then they crawled in, the first night, under the end logs of

the cabin, dragging their scanty furniture inside after them.
The cabin was like ten thousand others built before and since,
made of poles or small trees, and covered with clap boards,
i. e., short boards split from a straight, smooth-grained oak, ancl
about four feet long, to be used in place of shingles. How long
the cabin remained without door or floor is not known. Probably
the door hole was cut out the next day. But as to floor, the
cases are numerous, where settlers have lived for years without
floors or windows either ; and some have been with neither fire-
place nor chimney, the fire being built on the ground in the
middle of the house, and the smoke spreading all through the
room like a .omoke-house. Instances have been known where
families have lived through the winter with not even chinking
between the logs. Indeed, the fifth settler in Randolph County,
as we shall presently see, lived from November till the next fall
in a "camp." How or why human beings in a civilized land
should do such things is hard for us to understand, but some of
the settlers did it. Yet, it is to be recollected that every thing
had to be made by hand. There were no saw mills, no boards,
no plank, no anything, and very little money to buy anything
from elsewhere. And there were very few wagons, and no
roads at all to travel from place to place.

Thomas Parker had comefrora Carolina with five other families,
and in the course of the summer two of them had come and settled in
his neighborhood, viz.: John W. Thomas and Clarkson Willcutts.
Thomas Parker entered a part of the fractional section, on the
east side of Wayne's boundary where it crosses the Wayne
County line, and the other two settled farther north. John W.
Thomas located on the same section with Parker, a large frac-
tional quarter, 168 acres, (since owned by Mr. Lewis). Clarkson
Willcutts lived on the south half, southe.ist quarter. Section 28,
Town 16, Range 1 west, (land since owned by P. Heiner).

October 22, 1814, Ephraim Bqwen came from Pennsylvania,
and settled still farther north, (northeast quarter, Section 18,
Town 16, Range 1 west), entering the farm so long occupied
since by his son Squire, and now by Squire's son, James D.
Bowen, northwest of Arba. Mr. Bowen had a considerable
family, six children, and was pretty well off for those times. He
lived long in the county, dying in 1858, aged eighty-nine years.
His wife died in 1849.

The fifth family was that of Ephraim Overman, who took the
land where Joshua Thomas now resides in Section 27. He is
thought to have come in November, 1814. What seems to be
very remarkable, he is stated to have kept his family in a " camp "
from November, 1814. to the fall of 1815. What need there
could be for such a thing we cannot tell. One would think that
with a lot of boys, some of them large enough to work, Mr.
Overman need not have been so careless as it would seem that he
was. It may not be safe to judge so harshly, however, for he
would appear to have been amanof sense and judgment, as Wayne
County sent him to the Legislature in two years from that time,
1817. Mr. Overman had five children, all boys. [The father
of Joseph Hawkins of Jay County, who emigrated thither in
1829, dwelt in a " camp " all summer].

Thus far the record is clear. From this point, however, we
cannot be certain as to the exact times of settlement.

Squire Bowen (who was a boy nine years old when his father
moved here) gives the list of settlers as follows: " The other set-
tlers who came in 1814 were these — James Cammack, west of
Arba; Eli Overman, where Henry Horn now lives, west part of
the village of Arba ; Jesse Small, near where Isaac Jordan now
lives, Section 22." He does not remember any others, though
there may have been some, but could not have been many.
Squire Bowen says: "David Bowles, Jesse Johnson, James
Frazier and Hodgson, came in 1815. They settled near Lynn.
John Peale took the land south of Ephraim Bowen. Several
Smalls came in 1815. Obadiah Small occupied the site of the
present town of Spartansburg. John Small had the Hough
place just north of that village."

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Mr. Bowen cannot tell exactly who came in 1815, but he
thinks not very many. He says that he believes the tide of emi-
gration did not get under full headway till 1816. John Fisher
thinks that when he came to Wayne County, just south of Ran-
dolph (December, 1816), there were no settlers in Ran-
dolph, except those on and near Nolan's Fork ; and that
William Wright was the first settler on White River, and that he
came from Ohio, on his way to White River, two or three weeks
after that, say December 15, 1816.

Mr. Fisher was then twenty-four years old, and his memory
now seems quite strong and clear, yet he is, perhaps, in error.
[He has died since the writing of the above paragraph].

Solomon Wright says he came here in March, 1816, and that
the Ways and Diggses had come the year previous, as also two or
three Wrights and a Haworth.

If Solomon Wright is correct, White River was begun in
1815. But the tradition is firmly held among the Ways and
the Diggses, that their advent to this country for settlement was
in March, 1817, which would seem to set Solomon Wright's
coming in 1818. He may have come in 1817 ; but there are
points about the whole matter of early dates which seem hard to
understand or to reconcile.

LAND ENTRIES.

So far as land-entries are concerned, a considerable amount
of it was done in both 1814 and 1815. Land was often entered
months and even years before the owners occupied it, and not
seldom the patentee never personally took possession. And often
on the other hand, persons would live in the new country months,
or even years, before they could succeed in entering land.

Many came with no money, and had to work and rent or
live out, or do some other way to earn the money to pay for
what they bought. The records of the land ofiice show that the
entries in the county, during 1814, were as follows in order of date:

Clarkson Willcutts, Greensfork, southeast quarter of Section
28, Town 16, Range 1, 160 acres, January 19, 1814.

James Cammack, Greensfork, east half of Section — ,
Town 16, Range 1, 323.16 acres, January 22, 1814.

Ephraim Bowen, Greensfork, northeast quarter of Section
28, Town 16, Range 1, 160 acres, April 13, 1814.

Travis Adcock, Washington, northwest quarter of Section 14,
Town 18, Range 14, 160 acres, May 14, 1814.

John Thomas, Greensfork, northwest quarter of Section 33,
Town 16, Range 1, 156.58 acres, July 21, 1814 (fractional).

Thomas Parker, Greensfork, northwest quarter of Section
32, Town 16, Range 1, 156.88 acres, August 16, 1814.

Ephraim Overman, Greensfork, northwest quarter of Sec-
tion 27, Town 16, Range 1, 160 acres, October, 1814.

Travis Adcock, Washington, southeast quarter of Section 10,
Town 18, Range 14, 160 acres, October 19, 1814.

Shubael Ellis, White River, northeast quarter of Section 18,
Town 20, Range 14, 160 acres, November 30, 1814.

Eli Overman, Greensfork, southeast quarter of Section 33,
Town 16, Range 1, 156.58 acres, December 13, 1814.

Thus there were in 1814 ten entries by nine persons, com-
prising about 1,750 acres. Seven were in Greensfork, with
about 1,273 acres, two in Washington with 320 acres, and one
in White River with 160 acres.

In 1816, there was in Greensfork only one entry, Nathan
Overman, southwest quarter of Section 27, Town 16, Range 1,
159.50 acres, September 13, 1815.

There was but one in White River, to wit, George W. Ken-
non, southeast quarter of Section 26, Town 20, Range 13, 160
acres, September 10, 1815.

In 1815, there were in West River seven entries, as follows:

William Blount, southwest quarter of Section 8, Town 18,
Range 13, 160 acres, April 10, 1815.

• Lot Huddleston, northwest quarter of Section 17, Town 18,
Range 13, 160 acres, May 3, 1815.

John Jones. Town 18, Range 13, 325.68 acres. May 3, 1815.

John E. Hodges, northwest quarter of Section 8, Town 18,
Range 13, 160 acres, July 6, 1815.

Isaac Barnes, Section 7, Town 18, Range 13, 186 acres, July
6, 1815.

Arny Hall, east half southeast quarter of Section 17, Town
18, Range 13, 80 acres, October 12, 1815,

Cornelius Shane, northeast quarter of Section 8, Town 18,
Range 13, 160 acres, July 6, 1815.

Seven entries, about 1,230 acres.

In 1815, there were, in Washington, entries as follows :

Curtis Cleny, southwest quarter of Section 11, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres, January 7, 1815.

Obadiah Harris, southwest quarter of Section 10, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres. May 8, 1815.

John Ozbun, southeast quarter of Section 8, Town 18, Range
14, 160 acres, August 9, 1815.

Paul Beard, northeast quarter of Section 10, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres, August 9, 1815.

Paul Beard, northwest quarter of Section 11, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres, August 9, 1815.

Obadiah Harris, northeast quarter of Section 15, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres, October 14, 1815.

George Frazier, northwest quarter of Section 9, Town 18,
Range 14, 160 acres, October 17, 1815.

Seven entries, equaling 1,120 acres.
The total entries in Randolph County for 1815, were sixteen
entries, and 2669.50 acres, all but two being in Washington and
West River Townships.

The entries in Washington were in Sections 8, 9, 10 and
11, of Township 18, Range 14.

The entries in West River were in Sections 7, 8, 17 and 18,
Township 18, Range 13.

The total entries to the close of 1815 (1814, 1815) were
twenty-six entries, with 4,420 acres, in four townships, Greens-
fork, Washington, White River and West River.

The year 1816 saw a great increase of entries, and of settle-
ments also.

The total for 1816 was 6,109 acres, in the following town-
ships :

Greensfork, four entries, 830 acres; Washington, thirteen
entries, 2,080 acres; White River, eighteen entries, 2,880 acres;
Ward, one entry, 640 acres; West River, three entries, 400
acres.

The great rush that year seemed to be to Washington and
White River; 1,600 acres were entered in the latter township in
three days, December 4, 5 and 7 ; and in Washington six entries
were made in October and four in November, or 1,600 acres in
the two months.

The years 1817 and 1818 saw a greatly stronger movement,
in so much that the entries for the two years amounted to 25,200
acres, those for each year being somewhat nearly the same.

The entries in 1817 were in Greensfork, Washington,
White River, West River, Franklin, Ward and Wayne.

Washington, eighteen entries, 3,439 acres; White River,
thirty-five entries, 5,337 acres; Greensfork, seven entries, 1,-
178 acres; Ward, eight entries, 1,280 acres; West River, twelve
entries, 1,832 acres; Wayne, five entries, 800 acres; Franklin,
two entries, 360 acres. Entries, 87 ; 14,226 acres.

The entries in 1818 were in the same townships.

Washington, twenty-four entries, 3,060 acres; White River,
forty one entries, 8,437 acres; Greensfork, five entries, 437
acres; Ward, one entry, 160 acres; West River, nine entries, 1,-
440 acres: Wayne, seven entries, 1,280 acres; Franklin, one
entry, 154 acres. Entries, 88; acres, 11,968.

Total entries up to the close of 1818, were, in Washington,
64; White River, 96; Greensfork, 24; Ward, 10; West River,
31; Wayne. 12; Franklin, 3. 240 entries, with 36,729 acres.

Emigration to Randolph after 1818 fell off greatly, so much

IllSTOllY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

80 that during the nine years fr«ra 1820 to 1828 inclusive, a
smaller quantity of land was entered than in 1817 alone.

The Ibllowing statement will show the amounts of land entered
year by year to 1840 :

1812, 160 acres; 1814, 1,744; 1815, 2,512; 1816, 6,10ft;
1817, 14,226; 1818, 11,968; 1819, 3,623; 1820, 1.779; 1821,
1,654; 1822,2,084; 1823,1,496; 1824,530; 1825, 789; 1826,
2,047; 1827, 882; 1828, 1,445; 1829. 2,477; 1830, 4,320;
1831, 10,890; 1832, 8,225; 1833, 16,833; 1834, 10,430; 1835,
10,909; 1836, 77,368; 1837, 48,308; 1838, 7,293; 1839, 894;
1840, 700.

Thus it appears that the rush of settlers to Randolph was at
first in 1817 and 1818, and then again from 1833 to 1837 inclu-
sive, especially the two years 1836 and 1837. The amount of
land entered in these two years last named, reached the amazing
quantity of 125,676 acres, and, including 1833, 142,509, which
is almost exactly half the area of the entire county. The land
entered in 1836 and 1837 exceeded all the previous entries dur-
ing thirty-five years from 1812 to 1836, by some 8,000 acres.

By the close of 1838, almost all the land had been "taken
up." Except the " school sections," little remained for original
entry, and what was yet unentered lay in scattered parcels here
and there throughout the county. By that time, therefore,
Randolph had been bought of '• Uncle Sam," and the public title
was transferred to private hands.

"Speculators," however, here, as elsewhere, had extensively
"got in their work," and in various localities, vast tracts lay
unoccupied for years because the speculator's title covered it.

It has been said by some of tlie early pioneers, that most of
the land on both sides of the road between Winchester and Dccr-
field was owned by one man, and after his death that vast body of
land remained stdl vacant for many years.

As a specimen of the evil work of entering land for " specula-
tion," a single person, residing at Cincinnati, appears to have
" entered " many tracts in several different townships comprising
we know not how many acres. Another, from Cincinnati, also
engaged largely in the same speculative work. Still a third in-
dividual, yet living, and now a resident of the county, appears as
having entered tract after tract, scattered here and there.

Thus the curse of the ownership of land in vast amounts began
in the county in its early history, and the same evil has contin-
ued among us, still increasing its huge proportions, eating up the
substance of the body politic, and sapping the very vitals of the
community.

A people who do not own the land they live on, must be, in
the very nature of things, a subject class, dependent not alone for
the means of livelihood, but for a domicil (not to say a home) it-
self, upon the mere whim of another. Whether any practicable
method exists to prevent the permanent accumulation of lands in
the hands of a few "lords of the soil," is hard to say. The
" Law of Moses " in the old Jewish commonwealth, undertook to
fight the old demon of " land monopoly " in those ancient times,
by forbidding the soil ever to be sold in fee, requiring it to revert,
every seventh, or at most, every fiftieth year, to the original own-
ership. But this is not history, but a bit of a treatise on land
ownership, and may be considered to be, in the midst of a his-
tory of Randolph County, out of its place. Perhaps so. How-
ever, facts are facts and cannot bo ignored. Whether present
evils can be remedied in coming time, those future years and ages
must determine for themselves.

FIRST RELIGIOUS MEETING, ETC.

Squire Bowen says the first religious meeting was held i

his

father's cabin (probably in 1815), and that Stephen Williams
(local preacher) exhorted at that meeting.

The first sermon was preached also in Ephraim Bowen's cab-
in by Rev. Mr. Holman, of Louisville. Text from Isaiah, " Is
there no balm in Gilead? Is there no physician there? Why
then is the hurt of the daughter of my people not recovered? '

James G. Bowen, who was at the meeting, says it was an ex-
cellent discourse, and that it greatly edified the assembly.

EARLY BIRTHS.

The first person born in the county was Robert Thomaa, son
of John W. Thomas. His birthday was December 18, 1814.
He now resides in Huntington Countv, Indiana.

The second was Thomsis WiUcutts', son of Clarkson Willcutts,
born February 14, 1815 (St. Valentine's day). He now resides
in Grant County, Ind.

The oldest person born in this county, and now residing there-
in, is thought to be Elihu Cammack, son of John Cammack, and
born near Arba (in Greensfork Township) April 15, 1817, and
residing (mostly since 1846) on the State road east of Bartonia.
[Elihu Cammack married his second wife in Iowa in 1881, and
removed thence in the fall of that year. Who is now the oldest
native living in the county we do not know.]

Lewis Cox, son of Jesse Cox, of West River Township, claims
to have been born in August, 1817.

Fanny (Diggs) Hill was the first child born on White River,
and her birth was September 11, 1817.

Lydia (Wright) Jones, sister of Solomon Wright now (1881)
residing in Stony Creek Township near the mouth of Cabin
Creek, and wife of Endsley Jones, was born October 5, 1817, a
few days after her parents came from Ohio to the settlement
upon White River.

Matilda Hunt, daughter of Rev. William Hunt (familiarly
called " Old Billy Hunt"), and sister of William S. Hunt, Esq.,
was born in June, 1819.

John W. Botkin, son of Hugh Botkin of West River Town-
ship, was born southeast of Huntsville, September 1, 1819.

FIRST SCHOOL.

J. C. Bowen says that the " Friends " built a cabin for school
and meetings at Arba in 1815, and that a school was kept in
that house during the winter of 1815-16 by Eli Overman ; and
Jesse Parker says that he was at that school the first day with
his " primer," and that he attended during the whole term.

Th;it school, taught by Eli Overman, was the first in the
county, and, moreover, in 1818. this same Eli Overman was
elected a member of the first Commissioners' Board.

A much larger number of settlers came in 1816. Settle-
ments were probably planted in this year (1816) on Martinsdale
Creek, West River and White River, and additions were made
to those on Nolan's and Green's Forks. On Green's Fork, about

1816 or 1817, came several families. Silas Johnson, now liv-
ing, who was fifteen years old at the time, states that his father,
Jesse Johnson, moved to Randolph County in the fall of 1817,
that Paul Beard came in the spring (1817), and John Moor-
man, Francis Frazier (uncle to the " bellmaker"), and John
Barnes, came perhaps the year before (1816). Curtis Cleny
says that he entered his land February 13, 1817. [The Land
Office record says his patent is dated January 7, 1815.] Travis
Adeock entered his land May and October, 1814.

Obadiah Harris entered his land May, 1815; Paul Beard's
entry is dated August 9, 1815 ; Jesse Johnson's patent is dated
November 28, 1816 ; John Baxter entered his land January 9,

1817 ; Isaac and Stephen Hockett's patents bear date February
8,1817; Daniel Shoemaker and David Kenworthy were very
early settlers, perhaps in 1817 ; Francis Frazier, the bellmaker
(fifteen years old at the time), says his father, James Frazier,
also a bellmaker, came in 1817, and settled one mile east of
Lynn.

WHITE RIVER.

Early in 1816, Paul W. Way, Henry H. Way, William Way,
Jr., Robert Way (a lad sixteen years old), and William Diggs,
came from South Carolina and located land four miles west of
Winchester. Paul Way returned for his parents and his family.

HISTOllY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

39

and, coming back with them and several families besides in the
spring, arrived in March, 1817.

The same fall, John B. Wright, David Wright, William
Wright, and Judge John Wright, settled from Salt Creek west.

In the summer of 1817, William Way returned on horse-
back alone, to South Carolina, to bring his father, William Way,
Sr., to the new country, which purpose he successfully accom-
plished. With them came, among others, Mrs. Beverly, mother
of Dr. Beverly, now of Winchester, and Moorman Way, then a
lad of a few years old, but for many years a shrewd, active and
successful lawyer, well known to the bar and the courts of the
surrounding region for nearly half a century [died 1881.]

The emigration of that period would now be a sight to be-
hold. Many came on horseback ; not a few made their weary
way on foot, having a single pack-horse to carry their few house-
hold goods. One man, long a prominent resident of Randolph,
says that his father came with two one-horse carts, and that he,
a boy of seven years old, rode one of the horses all the way from
Carolina.

Some could boast a two-horse wagon, while few, very few,
possibly one in a hundred, came through with a huge old fashioned
Carolina wagon, drawn by four horses. But even when the
settlers had wagons, the men and the larger boys were obliged
to walk, since the women and the girls, together with the house-
hold stuff, were even too much for the awful roads over which
they must pass. People who should travel now as those old
pioneers came to this country, would be the town talk and the
laughing stock of the whole region round. Yet it is a fact that
in this very way, rough and uncouth as it may seem to the exquis-
ites of the present day, came into these western wilds the " cream
and substance" of the Southern land, and of this western world.
A prophet's eye could have descried in those motley groups and
cavalcades of men and boys, or even of women and girls, on foot,
of pack-horses piled up with all sorts of goods, and surmounted
with the woman and the baby, of carts drawn by little " plugs '
of ponies or by mules, and loaded to the utmost capacity ; of
men on horseback with their wives or mothers on a pillion behind
them ; of capacious wagons of the ancient style, almost as roomy
as Noah's ark, and nearly illimitable in capabilities of contain-
ing children and goods and furniture ; that in these various
methods, now regarded as so uncouth and .so outlandish as to be
impossible and unimaginable for any but the very scum and out-
casts of humanity, came to this land the men and the women
who should be, and the children who should grow up to become
the strength and the glory of the land. Many of the proud
and haughty dames and maidens of the present luxurious days,
were they to behold, filing past their palatial mansions, the pro-
cession in which their own ancestors made (though not proud
yet) successful entry into the woods of the great northwest,
would well-nigh faint with mortification and almost die with
chagrin at the barest hint that they could by any possibility be
connected by even the remotest tie of relationship or consanguin-
ity to such a group. Yet such were our fathers and our grand-
fathers. These stalwart old pioneers were our progenitors, and
we have no occasion to blush to acknowledge the fact. Those
noble sons and daughters of hardship and toil have more cause
to feel ashamed of us, their posterity, than we of them. They
heroically performed their part, and grandly hewed their way from
poverty and want to comfort, and even to opulence. God grant
that their descendants may as patiently, as worthily and as suc-
cessfully accomplish the labor assigned to their lot in life ! God
grant that the generation now upon the stage of action may
leave to their children a heritage as nobly enlarged and as greatly
increased in all that is useful and excellent and of good report,
as did those strong-limbed and bold-hearted (and gentle souled
as well) men and women who, amid difficulties and obstacles
insurmountable to any but the hardiest and the sturdiest, pressed
their resistless way into the forests of Randolph and made her
wilds to bud and blossom as the rose.

As to settlements up to the close of 1818. Jere Smith savs,
in his "Civil History:" '-In the year 1818, when Randolph
County was erected, there were fifty or sixty families on White
River and Salt and Sugar Creeks, fifty or sixty families on
Green's Fork and Mud Creek ; thirty families on Nolan's Fork,
including Joshua Foster on the Griffis farm, near the State line;
eight or ten families on Martindale's Creek, and twelve or fifteen
families on West River, above the Wayne County lino." So
that, by Mr. Smith's estimation, there were, at the time of the
election in 1818, about 180 families in the present boundaries of
Randolph County. Of course, at that time, the population was
wholly east of the western boundary of the " twelve-mile strip,"
since the land west of that line was still Indian Territory, on which
white men were bound by treaty not to settle. In 1818, the
tribes ceded those lands, and in eight or ten years the county
west as well .is east of the boundary was settled. In fact, that
territory began settlement in 1821, but emigration was slow to
push in for several years.

It would be interesting to find the " election returns " for
August, 1818, the first in Randolph County, to learn how many
and who were, at that time, the free and independent electors
here. Those returns, however, have not been discovered.

On West River, in August, 1817, there were eleven settlers,
all living east of the boundary and on Sections 7, 8, 17
and 18, the first and the last being fractional sections
against the boundary. William Blount (and his two sons-
in-law) on Section 7 ; James Malcom, Section 17 : Henry Shoe-
maker, Section 17 ; Samuel Sales, Section 17 ; Amy Hall, Sec-
tion 17 ; David Jones, Section 17 ; Evan Shoemaker, Section
18 ; Griffin Davis, Section 18 ; William Smith, Sections 5 and
6 ; Isaac Barnes, Section 7, came in 1818 ; John E. Hodge,
Section 8, came in 1818. The sections lie on both sides of West
River but on the east side of the boundary, and William Smith
(father of Hon. Jure Smith) went highest of the river, taking
land in Sections 5 and 6, the latter section having but a small
fraction east of the boundary.

MISSISSINEWA VALLEY.

The Mississinewa had a few settlers, but how many Mr.
Smith does not know. Meahach Lewallyn (an old man with a
large family) came near Ridgeville in 1817, and Joab Ward in 1819.
He says also, (in substance), that in 1819 there was a large emi-
gration.

West River settlement received four new families, and many
came to the other settlements ; 1820 also witnessed a good
growth. But from and after 1820, the population began to fiow
into the " new purchase," which movement took many settlers
from Randolph. Still the continual net increase was consider-
able. Henry Kizer, father of Elias Kizer and grandfather of
Thomas W. Kizer, settled near Stone Station in 1820. The
settlement on that river was, in fact, but sparse. Meshach
Lewallyn entered land [parts of Sections 1 and 12, Town 21,
Range 13], July 19,1817.

Benjamin Lewallyn, son of Meshach Lewallyn, entered south-
east quarter of Section 7, Town 21, Range 14 [in Ward Township],
June 10, 1817, and on the same day five more quarter sections
in Ward Township were entered by Messrs. Kite, Jacobs, Cana-
dy. Reed and David Connor. Several Masseys came at about
that time, as one of them, James Massey, was juryman in 1818,
and Hon. Jere Smith says of him : " James Massey was an old
man, and died soon after. He lived in (Jackson, or) Ward Town-
ship. His son-in-law, James Smith, was Commissioner two or
three terms, and one of his sons waa Associate Judge of Grant
County a term or two." It appears that they left that region
early. When Daniel B. Miller came [in 1822] the Masseys had

Two of the petit jurors also were from the Mississinewa,
Meshach Lewallyn from Ridgeville, and James Jacobs from the
settlement east of Deerfield.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The names of the M;isseys appear among the patentees of the
Land Office. They entered land and lived there a while, but
seem to have moved away before 1823. Another entry had been
made in that region several miles east of Deerfield and south of the
Mississinewa River. Mr. Strain entered a whole section in 1816,
which was by months the earliest entry on the Mississinewa. lie
does not appear, however, ever to have lived there. He entered it
probably for speculation. The section lay just west of the west
line of Jackson Township. Joab Ward, and Joel Ward his
brother, settled at Ridgeville in April, 1819. Joab Ward did
not enter land at that time, but bought a small tract (forty acres)
of Meshach Lewallyn. Elias Kizer moved into that region in
1820, and was one of the prominent citizens of that part of the
county for a considerable time, changing his residence to near
Winchester, and dying there some years ago. Joab Ward stood
as a bulwark of society during more than the average duration of
human life.

The settlers of course endured great hardships, such as per-
sons without any experience of the kind can neither comprehend
nor believe. In fact, brought up as they have been to buy every
thing they need, the present generation can hardly conceive how
it would be possible for a family to move into a gigantic forest,
with nothing but an axe, an auger, a frow, and a drawing knife;
a few kettles, some pewter plates, a log-chain or two, etc., and
with these scant materials and a little corn to make into bread,
and a gun to shoot game for meat ; and yet that they could, in
a comparatively short time, come to be good livers. And yet it
was so. Scarcely anything was bought except iron and salt, and
powder and lead. Capw and hats were made of deer skins, or
coon skins, or straw ; cloth was spun and woven out of linen, or
linen and wool combined, or clothes were made of deer skins.
Shoes also were made from buckskin. Buildings were construct-
ed from the logs of trees, with no outlay but labor ; clapboards
were in the place of shingles, and pins or weight poles for nails ;
puncheons for floors, and doors, and benches, and chimney backs,
and tables ; two auger holes in the wall and a post at the corner,
driven into the ground, to receive the ends of the rails, with elm
bark would be just the thing for a bedstead ; puncheon stools
would hold a man up more firmly than the nicest chair that ever
waa made. Chimneys were built of sticks and clay, and fire-
places and hearths of puddled clay: even the "lug pole" and
trammel and hooks were made of iron-wood, and when any of
them burnt down, another could be put in its place, just as easy
as anything. The truth is that a dextrous, active family, in a
very few years would make around them an amount of conven-
iences that many households of high pretensions would find it difli-
cult to match at the present day. If anything was needed, from a
doorlatch or a hoe-handle to a new house or barn, all that was to
be done was to take hold and make it. And it is true, moreover,
that families who were moral and religious, and who were free
from vices, enjoyed more true, heartfelt comfort, and more solid
happiness than they have ever done since ; or than their chil-
dren or their grandchildren, pampered with all the luxuries that
were ever invented to make people helpless and shiftless, are able
to compass for themselves in these days.

But small space will be given in this place for either their
pleasures or their sorrows. It is believed the story of the old
pioneer himself, as told by his own lips, will give a more pleasing,
as well as a more vivid picture ; and hence the feature has been
adopted to introduce the persona! statements of the ancient sojourn-
ers, taken from their own mouths, if living, or from some cherished
friend of the dear departed one, if the age.l veteran breathes no
longer the health-giving vital air. The description of the trials
of those times will be left to be given chiefly in the " Reminis-
cences," which are a peculiar feature of this work, and which
will be of surpassing richness, to refresh the memory of the old,
and to inform the minds of the young as to what their fathers and
mothers, and their parents, did to open this county to sight and
labor and enjoyment for the sons of men.

FIRST THINGS.

The first settler was Thomas W. Parker, on Nolan's Fork, in
Greensfork Township, west of Arba, in April, 1814.

The first boy in the county was Jesse Parker, son of Thomas
Parker above, eight years old. He lived long at Bethel, Wayne
County, Ind., a jovial, hearty old man, honestly earning his
living by the constant " rap, rap, rap of his well worn hammer."
(Died near Lynn, fall of 1881.)

The first girls were Celia and Sarah Parker, daughters of
Thomas and (Anna) Parker above ; Saiah was burned to death
when a girl ; Celia was married to Benjamin Arnold, and now re-
sides, an aged widow, at Arba."

The first woman was Anna Parker, wife of Thomas Parker
above. Thomas and Anna Parker died more than fifty years
ago.

The first county formed in what is now Indiana, was Knox
County, created in 1790, under Governor St. Clair, with Vin-
cennes as the county seat, and including all Indiana and Michi-
gan. The settlements were few : Vincennes, possibly a few set-
tlers along the Ohio, a fort and garrison at Fort Wayne, and one
at Detroit.

The first settlement in Indiana was at Vincennes, by the
French (perhaps) in 1702. A post was establislied by Siour
Juchereau and Missionary Meret at that date.

When General Gage, a British officer, demanded of the
French settlers at Vincennes that they should leave their homes
and their lands, the French protested that they had held them
by charter from the French King for seventy years, and
that to drive them away now would be unjust and cruel, and they
were allowed to remain.

The first county east of the " Old Boundary " (Wayne's),
agreed on in 1795), was Dearborn, erected by Indiana Territory
in 180-3, settled in 1796, before any surreys had been made ex-
cept the "gore" between the Ohio line and the " Old Boundary"
line, which was surveyed in 1800, three years before, and em-
bracing the whole region west of the Ohio line and east of
Wayne's boundary.

Wayne County was organized in 1810, embracing all the ter-
ritory east of the " New Boundary," and north of the southern
boundary of the county.

Randolph County was organized in 1818. at first extending
westward only to the west boundary of the twelve mile stop. It
was first settled in 1814.

The first organization of the Northwest Territory was by the
(old) Congress of the Confederation in 1787.

The first Governor was Gen. Arthur St. Clair, October 5,
1787.

The first capital of the Northwest Territory was Marietta, es-
tablished by Gov. St. Clair shortly after his appointment.

The first capital of the State of Indiana was Corydon in
Harrison County, in the southern part of the 'State, almost ex-
actly south of Indianapolis.

The first Governor of Indiana was Jonathan Jennings, elected
in 1816.

The first Representative for Randolph County is not known.

The first Senator was Patrick Baird, of Wayne County.

The first two townships in Randolph County were Greensfork
and White River, established in 1818 by David Wright, Sheriff,
and embracing the entire county.

The first road opened through the county was the " Quaker
Trace," from Richmond to Fort Wayne, in 1817.

The first " public road " established was from Winchester to
Lynn in 1819, at the May session of Commissioner's Court.

The first Justice of the Peace may have been John Wright.
At any rate he officiated at the first wedding in February, 1819.

The first marriage license was issued by Charles Conway,
Clerk, to Jacob Wright and Sally Wright, February 2, 1819.

The first licensed store was opened by William Connor, No-
vember, 1818, on Sections 10, 18, 14, two or three miles north-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

west of (Old) Snow Hill, in Washington Township. (Jesse Con-
non, son of John Connor, and nephew of this William Connor,
sajs that he was born in that first store, and that the place was
where Lynn now is, and not as above stated. Mr. Jesse Connor
was born, however, not before 1831, thirteen years after this
store was licensed. This William Connor was a bachelor, and
unsettled in residence and business);

The first town laid out was Winchester in November, 1818.

The first house in Winchester was built in the spring of
1819. It was a round log-cabin, one-Ftory, "scutched down"
with clapboard roof and stick and clay chimney. It stood on
Inlot No. 9, North Front, and was owned and occupied for many
years by Martin Comer.

The first steammill was built at Winchester by Elias Kizer,
in about 1835.

The first steam engine brought to the county was for that
mill.

The first dwelling in the county was erected by Thomas
Parker, in the spring of 1814, on Nolan's Fork, west of
Arba.

The first meeting house was built by the Friends, at Arba,
in the fall of 1815.

The first school was taught in Friend's meeting house at Arba,
during the winter of 1815-16, by Eli Overman.

The first Methodist meeting was held at the dwelling of
Ephraim Bowen, northwest of Arba, in 1815.

The first Methodist sermon was preached by the Rev.
Holman, of Louisville, Ky., at the cabin of Ephraim Bowen,
in the year 1815.

The first white child born in the county was Robert Thomas,
son of John W. Thomas, the second settler in the county.
The child was born near Arba, December 18, 1814.

The second child was a son of Clarkson Willcutts, who was
the third settler, and it was born February 13, 1815.

The oldest person born in the county, and now living
therein, is supposed to be Elihu Cammack, son of John
Caramack, near Arba, born April 15, 1817. [Elihu Cammack
moved to Iowa, fall of 1881].

The first child born in White P'ver is thought to be Fanny
(Diggs) Hill, daughter of William Diggs, Jr. (now "Old Billy
Diggs," living in Iowa), wife of Matthew Hill, of Jericho; she
was born September 11, 1817.

Lydia (Wright) Jones, sister of Solomon Wright now living
near the mouth of Cabin Creek, was born October 5, 1817, three
weeks after the arrival of her parents from Clinton County,
Ohio.

The first sheriff was David Wright, appointed by Governor
Jennings to organize the county in 1818.

The first county election was held in August, 1818.

The first officers elected were Wm. Edwards, John Wright,
Associate Judges; Charles Conway, Clerk and Recorder; David
Wright, Sheriff; Solomon Wright, Coroner; Eli Ov.erman, Ben-
jamin Cox, John James, Commissioners.

The first Commissioners' Court was held in August, 1818.

The first Circuit.Court was held at the house of William Way,
October 12, 1818, by Associate Judges Edwards and Wright.

The first attorney admitted to practice law in Randolph
County Circuit Court was James Rariden, who was also appoint-
ed first Prosecuting Attorney.

The building of the first court house was let to Abner Over-
man, for $254.60, December 6, 1818.
V The building of the first jail was undertaken by Albert Banta,
for $125.00, December 6, 1818.

They were both accepted by the Commissioners October 6,
1820.

The first bill by the grand jury was John P.. Huddleston
versus James Fruzier, for an affray, found June, 1820.

The first trial in the Circuit Court was Conway versus Conner.

The first judgment rendered by the court was in the same

case. The judgment was for the plaintiff, and the amount
$135.00. Time of rendering judgment April, 1820.

The first criminal case was State versus James Frazier. Ac-
quittal.

The first divorce granted was in favor of Huldah Way from
her husband, Nathan Way, August, 1823.

The first settler in Greensfork Township was Thomas Par-
ker, west of Arba, April, 1814.

The first settler on White River was William Diggs, Jr., who
came during the summer of 1816, with Paul, Henry H., William
and Robert Way. He married during the winter of 1816 or 1817,
and settled, perhaps, February, 1817.

The first settler in West River may have been William
Blount. He first entered land, and may have been the first set-
tler. His entry is dated April 10, 1815. It was afterward the
Zimmerman (Retz)farra, on West River.

The first settler in Ward Township is not now known. James
Strain entered a section of land in 1816, but he is said never to
have lived on the land. Fifteen entries were made in 1817, the
first being Daniel Richardson, May 21, 1817, southwest quarter
of 12, 21, 14, on Mississinewa River, northeast of John Key's.

The first settler in Nettle Creek was probably John Bur-
roughs, southwest of Losantville, in 1822. His widow is living
there still.

The first settler in Stony Creek may have been Isaac Bran-
son. "Aunt Patsy " Branson, now living at Muncie, says that
she came with her husband to Stony Creek Township in 1819.
She is perhaps mistaken. He entered his land November 28,
1822. Yet, he may have resided in the county some years, and
he entered land in that township November 28, 1822.

However, David Vestal made the first entry October 31,
1822, four weeks before Isaac Branson did his. Yet Mr. Bran-
son is said to have come in February, 1819, and "Aunt Patsy "
thinks they were first, and perhaps they were so.

The first settler in Green Township may have been Martin
Boots. His entry was made August 18, 1832, six entries being
made in that year.

The first settler in Monroe Township was perhaps John Rody.
At least, he entered the first land April 10, 1833, one mile south
ofMorristown.

The first settlers in Wayne Township were probably Benoni
and Henry Hill and Amos Peacock, in the spring of 1818.

The first resident of Jackson Township is thought to have
been Philip Storms. He lived at a very early day at the Allens-
ville crossing of the Mississinewa, and still before that in the
southern part of the township. He was poor and not- able to
purchase land, and once or twice had land entered from under
him, which greatly provoked him, as well it might, since that
was justly enough reckoned a very serious breach of "squatter
unwritten law." He resided in the region in 1830.

The first settler in Washington Township may have been
Travis Adcock. At any rate, he made the first land entry in
that township, 1814, and he was residing there at a very early

The first settler in Franklin Township was Meshach Lewallyn,
during the summer of 1817.

The first framed bridge (probably) was made over White
River north, toward Deerfield.

The first railroad through the county was the Indianapolis &
Bellefontaine (now Bee Line) Railroad, completed in 1852-3.

The first wagon-shop, so far as now known, was owned by
Thomas Butterworth, before 1840, now living two and a half
miles southeast of Winchester.

The first blacksmith shop may have been John Way's, at
Winchester, (not known). James Frazier, father of Francis Fra-
zier, the bellmaker, was a bellraaker and blacksmith. He came
in 1817 (in the spring). Jere Smith's father came in August,
1817, and ho was a blacksmith and worked at his trade.

The first brick may have been burned by David Wysong,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

south of Winchester. He burned the brick for the <"ourt houpe,
built in 1826.

The first lime kiln was probably at Maxville.

The first orchard is thought to have been set out by Henry
H. Way, near Sampletown, about 1817 or 1818. Some of the
trees are still standing, two to two and a half feet through, and
in a bearing condition.

The first reaping machine was owned (owner unknown).

The first brick house in Winchester, and perhaps in the
county, was built by Martin Comer, where the National Bank
now stands [year not now known].

One of the oldest brick dwellings in tie county now stands
on the Brickley farm, one mile southwest of Dunkirk meeting
house. The brick were burnt on the farm for the purpose.

The persons who have been longest in the county now resid-
ing in it are James C. Bowen and Squire Bowen of Greensfork
Township, who came with their father to Randolph County, Oc-
tober 22, 1814, nearly sixty-eight years ago.

The person who has lived longest in White River Township
is probably Jesse Way, who came to White River in the early
spring of 1817. Moorman Way perhaps is the next, having come
later in the same year. [See below].

The persons who have lived longest in Winchester are Hon.
Martin A. Reeder and his aged mother, Mrs. Mary A. Reeder,
the latter now eighty one years old. They came to Winchester in
1822, and have been residents of the town during sixty years.
The next is Moorman Way, Esq., who came in 1831, and the
next is Jesse Way, who came in 1832 [Mr. Way died in the fall
of 1881].

The first frame house in the county was built in Winchester,
by Judge John Sample, in 1820.

The first penitentiary sentence was rendered in the August
term. 1824, against David Banta, for hog stealing. The prisoner
escaped into Ohio and was never captured, and so the sentence
remains not carried out to this day.

The first conviction was David Banta's.

The first slander case was tried August, 1826.

The first slander conviction was February, 1828.

The first water-mill in Greensfork Township may have been
Jcssup's on Greenville Creek, east of James Rubey's, on land
now owned by Rubey. It was built as early as 1820, and per-
haps earlier.

The first mill in the county may perhaps have been Lewallyn's,
near Ridgeville, as early as 1819, and probably sooner than
that.

The first mill on White River was probably Sample's mill,
west of town, or Jeremiah Cox's mill near Jericho. Cox's mill
was built in 1825, five or six miles east of Winchester. No
mill is found there now.

The first carding machine in the county was owned by Daniel
Petty, east of Wincnester, very early, exact date not known.

The first carding machine in Winchester is supposed to have
been built by Moorman Way, Esq. It was run by ox-power,
and was built about 1832.

The first grist mill in Jackson Township is thought to have
been a corn-cracker, built soon after 1833 by Jacob Johnson.

The first water mill in Jackson Township is thought to
have been built on the Mississinewa by Hinchey. The exact
date is not known.

The first school in Jackson Township was taught by Mrs.
Beach in 1838, in her own house.

The first pike in Randolph County is thought to have been
the Greenville and Winchester pike, still unfinished (or a pike
near Bloomingsport).

The first two-story hewed log cabin in Winchester was built
in the fall of 1819, on Inlot No. 1, west front, by James Mc-
Cool, a blind man. It was good and substantial, and was occu-
pied by him as a hotel in 1819, and stood until not long ago.

The first cook stove brought to Randolph County was by

Edward Edger, of Deerfield, about 1838 or 1839. It cost $-50
in silver at 10 per cent premium, equal to ^55 in currency, besides
the cost of hauling it from Cincinnati.

Another cook-stove was brought to the county at the same
time for Mrs. Kinnear, south of Deerfield. It was just like Mr.
Edger's and cost the same amount.

The first entry in Randolph County was by Jeremiah Moffatt,
in Wayne Township, northwest of Harrisville, December 1,
1812, northwest quarter Section 18, Town 20, Range 15. He
never occupied the tract.

The first entry in Greensfork Township was by Clarkson
Willcutts, January 9, 1814, southeast quarter Section 28, Town

16, Range 1.

The first entry in Washington Township was by Travis
Adcock, May 14, 1814, northwest quarter Section 14, Town
18, Range 14.

The first entry in West River Township was by William
Blount, April 10, 1814, southwest quarter Section 8, Town 18,
Range 13.

The first entry in White River Township was by Shuball
Ellis, November 30, 1814, northeast quarter Section 18, Town

20, Range 14.

The first entry in Ward Township was by James Strain,
October 16, 1816, Section 13, Town 21, Range 14. He never
lived on it.

The first entry in Jackson Township was by John Aber-
crombie, October 16, 1816, southwest quarter Section 7, Town

21, Range 15. Jackson Township was not settled till long after-
ward.

The first entry in Stony Creek was by David Vestal, Octo-
ber 31, 1822, southwest quarter Section 8, Town 19, Range 12.
Two more entries were made the same day by John Connor, and
five more in the month of November following, or 880 in all in
less than a month.

The first entry in Nettle Creek Township was by John
Burroughs, October 21, 1822, southwest quarter Section 15,
Town 18, Range 12. Within less than a month 760 acres were
entered in that township.

The first entrv in Franklin Township was by Meshach
Lewallyn, July igj'lSn, Sections 1 and 12, Town 21, Range
13.

The first entry in Monroe Township was by John Rody,
April 10, 1833, southeast quarter of southeast quarter Section

17, Town 21, Range 12.

The first entries in Green Township were made by John
Michael and Martin Boots, August 18, 1832, northwest quarter
Section 8, Town 21, Range 12, and northeast quarter Section 9,
Town 21, Range 12.

The first carding machine in Randolph County was on Salt
Creek, east of Winchester, owned by Daniel Petty, date not
known.

The first tan-yard wasprobably set up by Hugh Botkin south-
east of Iluntsville. Mr. B. came very early. The first one
may have been at Sampletown.

The first death is not known.

The first burying ground was probably at Arba. Arba,
Lynn, Cherry Grove, Jericho, White River and Dunkirk meet-
ings were all established shortly after the settlement of the county'
Arba being almost certainly first.

The first drain-tile made in the county, as also in the State,
were manufactured by hand by John K. Martin in a machine
made by himself in 1856. He made 200 rods and burned them
in a brick-kiln in his father's yard.

The first woolen factory in Randolph County is thought to
have been at Unionsport by Hiram Mendenhall. The date can-
not be stated.

The first teacher's institute was held at Winchester under the
direction of Prof. E. P. Cole, Principal of Randolph County
Seminary, about 1850. Those early in-stitutes were full of in-

(L^V/,

'//// c 1/ "//rit^

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

43

terest and profit, and would compare very favorably with many
held in later times.

The first session of the Union Literary Institute commenced
June 15, 1846, with Rev. Ebenezor Tucker as Principal, in a
two-story hewed log house, upon ground cleared from the heavy
green woods for the purpose. A huge tree-trunk, four feet
through, lay for years not twenty feet from the door, that
had just been felled " in the green," and the boarding house
erected the next year had several green stumps under the
floors.

The first hotel in Winchester was kept by James McCool, a
blind man. It was set up in 1819.

The first hotel in the county may have been kept by Joseph
Gass, between Economy and Winchester. At least it was there
in the spring of 1817, when the " Way Company" came through
from Carolina to White River.

The first store in Winchester would seem to have been kept
by Esquire Odle, at what date is not now known.

The first hatter's shop was owned by James Oldham, which
was begun perhaps in 1819.

The first County Treasurer was perhaps Jesse Johnson, ap-
pointed by the Commissioners, November, 1818.

The first assessor (lister) was George Bowles, appointed Feb-
ruary, 1819. He made his report in May and was allowed $10
for assessing. the county.

The first Treasurer's report was made May, 1819 ; sum re-
ceived 810 ; expenditures, $20.

The first grist-mill on the Mississinewa, above Lewallyn's,
was built by Mr. Parsons, who came there in 1829, and built it
soon after.

The first murder in the eastern part of the State was done in
Wayne County, in 1816. A man by the name of Criss killed
his son-in-law, Mr. Chambers. He was tried, convicted and
hung at Salisbury, then the county seat of Wayne County.

The first post ofiices in the various townships were probably
as follows: White. River (and in the county), Winchester,
Ward, Deerfield ; Greensfork, Spartanburg ; Washington,
Bloomingsport ; Franklin, Ridgeville ; Wayne (old) Randolph;
Stony Creek, Windsor ; West River, Trenton ; Nettle Creek,
Losantville; Jackson, New Lisbon; Green, Fairview ; Monroe,
Farmland.

MANNER OF LIVING.

Some articles have been furnished by Hon. Martin A. Reed-
er, who has been a resident of the county for about sixty years,
the substance of which is given below, with also some additions
from other sources :

BUILDINGS.

Many would put up a "camp," and live in that for some
weeks or months, and wait to build a cabin until the large trees
had been cleared from a place extensive enough to prevent dan-
ger from the tree trunks falling on the house. Others woulil put
up their cabins in the dense woods, with perhaps a dozen trees
near, any of which might, in a storm of wind, have crushed the
dwelling and all its inmates. And yet, though scores of cabins
were erected thus, it is not known that a solitary tree ever threw
its huge trunk upon the roof of a single settler's dwelling.

CABINS.

Cabins were built of round logs from eight to ten inches
through, and covered with clapboards. They were of all sizes ; —
some perhaps twelve by fourteen feet, and some eighteen by
twenty-five feet, with one seven or eight feet story and a loft
above in the roof.

A small cabin would have one door and one window. A large
one might, perhaps, possess two of each. The chimney and fire-
place would be wholly outside, opening of course into the house.

At the "raising," the neighbors for miles around were ex-
pected to come and lend their aid (who at first, were not many).

and they went. No " shirks " were there. " Help me and I.
will help you," was their motto, and the rule was faithfully prac-

On the " raising day," the body of the house would be com-
pleted and the roof put on. Cutting out the door and window
holes, and the opening for the fire-place, putting in the doors and
windows, building the fire-place and chimney, laying the punch-
eon floors, chinking and daubing the cracks between the logs,
laying the loft, etc., were done by the owner at his pleasure as
he had opportunity. Barns and outhouses were raised from time
to time, so as not to tax the settlers too heavily.

These cabins, though not elegant, were, when properly com-
pleted, solid and substantial, and warm to boot ; and many, many
years of happy, contented, prosperous life have been spent with-
in their lowly walls. And many who lived all their youthful
years in such a humble domicile but who have since become able
to abide in stately mansions, can now truthfully declare that their
happiest days were spent nevertheless beneath the shelter of those
mighty, overshadowing forest tre^, under the lowly roof of that
old- time log-cabin. How true the words of the poet :

'■'TisnotiuUIIea, nor in rank,
'Tis not in wealth like London bank,
To make us truly bleei."

Note. — Many of the early-built cabins had no windows at
all. The door and the big open-mouthed fire-place were the
only avenues for light. It is within the knowledge of the writer
of this sketch that families who emigrated from Carolina to Ran-
dolph County in 1847, had never seen any glass windows, and
had no idea what they were for. Some houses dwelt in in 1846
had no windows.

The ideas of convenience then were not just like our own. In
about 1850, the daughter of one of the earliest settlers said of a
certain new house that she occupied (with her large family), "the
room is so convenient [the house had but one room] we can set
up six beds in it."

HOW TO BUILD A " CAMP." — BY JOSEPH HAWKINS.

" Have a big log, cut notches up and down the log fourteen feet
apart, set double stakes fourteen feet out from the log, cut small
logs six to eight inches thick, ' scafe ' off the ends so as to fit the
notches in the log, put one end in the notch and the other be-
tween the stakes ; in the notch let the ends touch, but put blocks
between the other ends, so as to make the upper one slant enough
fur the roof, put some logs atop of the big log and some across
the front above ; put on the roof, and stuft" the cracks with moss.

Moss was plenty on the old logs, as thick as a cushion and
as soft as a sheepskin ; you could tear off a sheet as long as a
bed-quilt if you wished. We often used sheets of moss for blank-
ets to ride on instead of a saddle. The front of the camp
was open six feet high, and logs were across above. A log
heap fire was built in front on the ground. At first we left
it unprotected, but the smoke would sweep into the camp and
choke us so that we could not stay. Then we took puncheons
and set them upright in a semi-circle around (outside of) the
fire, leaving passages next the camp to go in and out at. This
mended matters greatly. We lived in this camp from March un-
til November, 1829. We cleared that summer nine acres — five for
early corn and four for late corn, potatoes, turnips, etc.

The men had built three camps side by side against the same
log, expecting to have three families. Only two came, and that
left two camps for us. There were eight in our family, and the
two older boys fixed a bed in the extra camp, and the rest of us
slept (in three beds) in our own proper camp."

Candles were made by taking a wooden rod ten or twelve inch-
es long, wrapping a linen or cotton cloth around it, and cover- '
ing it with tallow pressed around the stick with the hand.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Lamps were made by digging the inside from a large turnip,
sticking up a stick in the center, about three inches long, with a
strip of cloth around the stick, and turning melted lard, or deer's
tallow, in until the rind was full.

Often the great blazing fire-place gave light enough, and many
an evening's work has been done with no other means of vision.

HOUSES.

The houses were made strong in this way. The loft was con-
structed of split logs, and the doors of split timbers three or four
inches thick, with battens fastened across and hung on strong
wooden hiijgeS, having also a strong wooden bar across the door
inside, fastened at each end by the fork of a tree put into the door
casing by a hole bored with a large auger.

To break into such a house as that would be by no means
easy, yet the dwellings were seldom locked Such a thing as en-
tering a house unlawfully, was well-nigh unknown.

CLEARING.

After the cabin-building or along with it or even before it,
for great numbers lived in camps all summer, would come the
"clearing."

One piece would be cleared entirely, for an orchard, and the
fruit trees would be planted as soon as they could be procured.
And some (though few) of those orchards thus planted in the fresh
clearing are still standing after the lapse of more than half a
century. But where are the hands that set their tiny infant
trunks and straightened their branching roots within the opened
earth? Alas ! alas ! They will be seen on earth no more ! Ask
of the memorial stones that stand in melancholy sadness to tell
the inquiring person — by the names, the ages, mayhaps the vir-
tues, but never the vices, nor the failings of those whose ashes
lie beneath the sward ! Besides the orchard was opened an ad-
ditional clearing for a corn field. The undergrowth and small
trees were cut down and piled and burned, the larger trees were
deadened, tlie "grubs" were taken out, and the ground planted
in corn, etc. Then ten to twenty acres or more would be deadened
"in the green," and year by year the process of clearing up this
"deadening" would go on, till, in the lapse of time, every old
tree-trunk would have fallen and been consumed; the stumps
themselves would bo burned out by the roots, and the result would
be, after untold hard work, night and day, winter and summer
a clean, bright, beautiful field.

"DEADENING."

The manner of clearing up a deadened field was somewhat
tedious and quite curious. The girdled trees were left to dry
standing, and to fill at their leisure. Every spring and autumn
several trees would be found prostrate upon the earth. Men in
those days loved to make wind, water and fire work as well as
they do now, and some of their ways of doing so were quite in-

These huge trees lying on the ground were not choppeil up
by the axr — that would be too hard work. But limbs and broken
frngments would be laid crosswise on the trees at proper lengths,
and a fire built upon the body of the trunks, which would be kept
up till the trunk was burnt completely through. The fires had
to be tended and replenished for days and sometimes for weeks.
This work was black and dirty but it saved untold labor, and
the ashes produced by the burning greatly enriched the land
where they lay. This method of cleaning was called "nigger-
ing," and taking care of the fires was said to bo " tending the
niggers." It was no small pleasure and amusement for a lot
of jolly lads to take a round over a clearing at night, and " right"
up the waning fires across the massive tree-trunks, shouting,
hallooing, laughing and singing, making the echoes ring through
the surrounding woods as they went running and dancing from
fire to fire in mutual rivalry as to who should fix up the greatest

The shadows of the night made bright and splendid by the
blazing piles as the flames burst forth afresh under the process of
replenishment, the flying sparks from the brands as they were
broken and thrown anew into the fires, and all the hurry and ex-
citement of the scene, made the work of "tending the niggers," at
night, a time o*^ jolly and boisterous merriment hardly to be sur-
passed.

Sometimes after a deadening had stood for several years, a
heavy storm of wind would sweep over the field and bring down
immense numbers of those decaying trunks to the ground in a
single night. Then would come work indeed. Hundreds and
hundreds of smoking, blazing fires would cover the whole area,
and the process would go on for days and weeks, till at length the
huge logs would all have disappeared, the last pile of "brands"
would be consumed, and the field would be found — like Solomon's
beloved in the Canticles — "black but comely ;" covered with coals
and ashes, but the delight of the settler's heart, and waiting for
the upturning plow, the springing seed, and the laughing crop.

LANDS.

There were no pre-emption laws at that day. A considerable
time passed after the treaty with the Indians ceding the public
lands before the survey was completed and they were thrown
into market. During this intermediate time, many persons
"squatted," as it was termed, i. e., moved upon the unsurveyed
land and made greater or less improvement. And. also, after
the lands were thrown into market and became subject to entry,
many persons came to the county who, though unable to enter
land, would select a tract, move upon it and intend it for their

The settlers would respect the presumptive right of the
" squatter," for, while there was no public law, the pioneers " were
a law unto themselves ;" and, if any heartless speculator should
venture to "enter " a tract thus occupied, neither he nor any other
man under his authority dared take possession ; but if any such ven-
tured to show themselves, they were hunted from the land like a
wolf or a panther, and might feel thankful if they kept their
heads safe on their shoulders.

It was " squatter law" — and that law was most sternly obeyed
and enforced — that he who had built and begun an improvement,
should have the right to buy at first hands as long as he might
choose to claim it. And many a poor follow, penniless at first,
and utterly unable to buy a foot of land, made a location never-
theless, opened out a "clearing," built a cabin, and contrived,
" by hook and by crook," to raise money to enable him to
become the proud possessor of a homestead, monarch (not indeed
of all he could survey, but) of one little piece of earth's genial
surface, enough to constitute that dearest of all places, a home.
And not a few who now have spread themselves like a green bay
tree, began life in the woods, or their fathers before them or
along with them did, in exactly that humble and lowly way.
Not seldom the poor emigrant would accept the offer of one who
had made an " entry," to purchase " on time," giving, sometimes,
50 per cent in advance, or maybe more, hoping to make the
money for payment out of the land by the time his notes fell due.

This living by sufferance, the state of uncertainty, the danger
that one's cabin and clearing would be " entered " over his head,
was decidedly unpleasant, however, and no one did so except by
the force of sheer necessity. Those who could possibly do so,
made an " entry," so as to put their homestead beyond contin-
gency. And it could not be expected that a " squatter " would
" improve " much beyond what was absolutely needful to enable
him to live, and certainly not more than enough to furnish him
the means of raising the funds for the purchase of his coveted
spot. Yet, still improvement went on, and, where the settler, as
was mostly the case, had actually entered his land and obtained
his " patent" under .the broad seal of the nation, he went to work
with a will ; and the amount of clearing, of cabin building, of
deadening, of burning, of fencing, of planting and of harvesting,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

which was accomplished from year to year, was something won-
derful to behold. The statistics of the quantity of land entered
during each respective year, from the time of the first patent till
the last tract of land had been hunted out, show how steady, and
in some years how rapid, was the current of emigration flowing
over these lands, and filling all the region with a thoroughly
active and intensely earnest population. Of one family composed
of stalwart and enterprising boys, some of whom are still living
to enjoy the fruits of their labor, it is said that they surpassed all
others in the county for the amount of " clearing " which, for
themselves and for others, they accomplished during the years in
which these giant forest trees were being prostrated to the earth,
and the fruitful soil was being opened to the genial sunshine.
Hundreds and hundreds of acres did that single heroic group
subdue by their conquering prowess ; and the tokens of their
valor still remain in the fruitful fields, yielding, ever since that
triumphant hour, their abundant harvests for the comfort and the
sustenance of man and beast.

There were few in those early times but actual settlers. Some
there had been in various places, the advance guard of pioneer-
ism, who would "squat" down for a brief period till permanent
settlers would commence to take possession, and who would
almost instantly "pull up stakes," and "shove ahead " to some
still unsettled region.

But the body of settlers had " come to stay," at least to make
an actual and bonafide commencement, and intended substantial
business. These felt all on an equality with each other, and
each and all stood ready with might and main, with hand and
heart, to uphold the right of every other, and to render every
possible assistance in the struggle for establishment and pros-
perity. Hospitality and sociability were everywhere. The
latch-string was always out, and every neighbor bade every other
freely welcome. And great comfort and much enjoyment was
experienced by these rude settlers. And almost perfect security
existed, moreover, locks and bars and bolts were things wellnigh
unknown. Stores were fastened with a pin outside the door,
like an old-fashioned stable ; the dwellings were left open, or at
least unlocked through the watches of the night, or, if fastened at
all, it was through fear, not of man, but of the prowling wild beasts.

It is an interesting reminiscence of those pioneer days thut,
as late as 1837-40, John Connor, the veteran mail carrier for
nearly thirty years on the route northward from Winchester, used
to take, upon a horse led by his side, a heavy sack of silver
money, sometimes to the amount of $5,000 or $6,000 at a time,
for payment at the Fort Wayne land office, for land entries at
that point. He would " camp out" one night as he went, yet
he was never molested ; and, to the honor of the old veteran be
it said, no man ever lost a cent by rr.faithfulness of his. Night
and day, summer and winter, th ' I'gh mud, snow and rain,
whether sweltering in a July sun or shivering beneath a Decem-
ber snow storm, swimming the swollen streams booming during
the freshets of the spring months ; faithfully, untiringly, heroic-
ally, did that conservator of the United States mail press onward
from south to north and from north to south alternately, grow-
ing old but not rich, in his country's service; and only leaving
that department of work to enlist in the army at the commence-
ment of the war of 1861.

May the day be long deferred when such integrity, though
found among the poor and lowly, shall fail to receive its due
meed of honor in the hearty approbation and esteem of the public,
in whose behalf such untiring faithfulness has been exerted.

All honor to him who thus, through many long years of weari-
ness and privation and toil, faltered not in the path of public duty,
heroically performing what was then so indispensable to the public
welfare, and, for accomplishing which needed result, no Letter
and easier method had then been discovered.

FURNITURE.

This country lies far interior, away from all water-courses,

those old time channels of intercommunication. Emigrants
could reach this county only by a long and tedious stretch of wagon
road and forest trail. Hence the settlers brought with them
commonly only the most necessary tilings, and especially those
for which no substitute could be found in the new land ; kettles,
ironware, etc., must be brought, since nothing could be found in
the West to take their place. Bedsteads, chairs and tables were
useful, but they were also heavy and bulky, and awkward to
move, and substitutes could be found, and they were, in many
cases, left behind.

Feather beds, bedding, pewter ware, cooking utensils, etc.,
were brought. But for bedsteads, the settlers made something
which answered the purpose. Two rails with one end inserted
in the side and end logs of the cabin, meeting in a post at the
inner corner driven into the ground, with clapboards laid across
from the side rail to a strip pinned upon the log, would do for a
bedstead. One active young wife made one for herself by
boring holes in some poles and making two benches, and
laying eight, large, thick clap-boards upon them, and lo ! she
had a bedstead; and on went her straw bed, all the bed she had
and her sheets and bed quilts ; and she was never prouder of
anything in her life than she was of her bedstead and her bed,
nice and good and brand new.

Sometimes, for an extra nice " fixing," men would split out
pieces from a straight-grained oak, and make bed rails, and pre-
pare other pieces for the slats, boring auger holes in the side rail
and in the side house log, and putting the slats in these, and that
was good and solid. Four high posts would stand at the corners,
and rods or wires be strung from top to top of the four posts,
and curtains would be hung on the rods ; and who could wish a
neater curtained bed than that ? Often two of these would be
made for a single cabin, one in each farthest corner ; one for
the father and mother, and the other for company ; and the chil-
dren— why, they had to go into the loft, and sleep under the
rafters to the music of the rain falling on the roof, or of the
snow rattling on the clapboards. And that was a jolly place to
sleep. And instead of chairs were made puncheon stools, and
puncheon benches, which last were better than chairs or stools
either, since half a dozen urchins could sit upon one. And as
for chairs or stools at the table, they were not needed, inasmuch
as all the half grown boys and girls had feet, and they stood up
at the table, like folks at a modern Sunday-school celebration
picnic dinner ; and almost every article of convenience that set
tiers had they made for themselves. Door hinges and latches
were made of wood, and a string sufficed to raise the latch ; and
to pull the string inside was better than a lock, because no
false key could pick the lock or unbolt the door. A poking
stick answered for tongs, and some stones on the hearth did in-
stead of andirons; and, as for stoves, those articles had not been
invented yet, or, if they had, it would cost so much to haul the
bulky things of the sort which were called stoves in those days
into these Western wilds, that when here, the cost would be more
than that of a forty-acre lot.

FOOD, COOKING, ETC.

The people of the present time will doubtless be glad to learn
how the pioneers managed (not merely to raise or earn, but) to
make their bread in those days when stoves and ranges, and all
the modern paraphernalia of baking and cooking were not.

Bread was made mostly of cornmeal, and in three forms, viz. :
"Dodgers," " Pone," and "Johnny Cake."

To the people now all these three are reckoned as one ; but
to the pioneer, th-y were entirely distinct, yet all excellent of
their kind, and ^''her or all good enough to make " a pretty dish
to set before the ;■ ..ig."

" Dodgers" were made of meal with pure water and a little
salt, mixed into a stiff dough, and molded with the hand into a
kind of oval cake, and baked in a "bake-pan" or "Dutch-
oven," viz., a round iron vessel as wide across as a half-bushel

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

or less, and six or eight inches deep, with legs, of course, and a
lid with a raised rim to hold coals on the top.

The coals were put in abundance underneath the '• oven,"
and on the top as well ; and when the bread was done there came
out the "dodgers," as moist, as sweet, as nice as epicure ever

" Pone" was made with meal, water and salt, with the addi-
tion of milk or cream and yeast, thinner than dodgers, and was
baked in the same way.

" Johnny Cake" was made with lard and butter, water
and salt of course, and baked in a loaf or cake, say six inches
wide and an inch thick, upon a board perhaps two feet long set
up before the fire. When one side was baked enough the other
side of the cake was turned to the fire till it was done, and then
you would have perhaps the sweetest and best corn bread ever
made. Besides these there were grated corn, pounded hominy,
lye hominy, green corn (roasting ears), etc. Corn has been well
said to be the poor man's grain, and on account, among other things,
of the ease with which it can be made into food, the variety of
which it is capable, and the general excellence of the different
kinds. Lye hominy and green corn, the two simplest forms of its
preparation, are at the same time well-nigh the best and most
delicious food that ever passed the lips of man.

After wheat had been raised, of course, some flour was used,
but still for a long time corn was the chief source of bread.
The mills were but poor, many of the first for grinding wheat
having only hand bolts, and the flour would be none of the best.

But you are not to think that the settlers were destitute of
meat. On the contrary, they had abundance, and that of the
best and rarest kinds. Deer, turkeys, pheasants and what not
were plenty ; and a good rifle would bring some of them down
at almost any hour. To shoot turkeys standing in his cabin
door was no uncommon exploit for the pioneer ; and to bring
down on an average, one deer a day, besides a full day's work,
was what many a backwoods man succeeded in doing.

Almost every settler (and settler's son) was a hunter as well,
and those who did not care themselves to shoot deer could readily
get all the venison they wished of their sportsman neighbors,
and that almost for a song.

Then there were hogs, at first or very soon afterward. There
were many " wild hogs," that were the offspring of such as had
strayed from older settlements, or from the Indians, some of
whom kept swine. These hogs were called " elmpeelers," and
were long-legged, long-bodied, long-headed, sharp-snouted, with
short, straight, pointed ears, and as nimble nearly as a wolf ; and,
when very wild, more saviige than the bears themselves. They
would make but a poor show (except as a curiosity) at one of our
modern fairs, but at that time they wore highly valued, even
above the fat, unwieldly, helpless things called improved stock.

When a "Yankee man" was trying to sell some improved
breed to the western " hoosier " (or " sucker " it may be) and men-
tioned as an advantage that they could not run, " Can't run ?" said
the settler. "No," said the Yankee. "Don't want 'em," replied
the " sucker." " My hogs have to get their own living and look
out for themselve-s, and I would not give a snap for a hog that
can't outrun a dog."

So " improved stock" was then and there at a discount.

These woods-hogs would get fat only during " mast years,"
and somettmes the herds of hogs would get to be three or four
years old and would become thoroughly wild and very savage,
fleet of foot and almost as fierce as a tiger, so that hunters would
be obliged to take to a tree to get beyond their reach.

Duriiig the non-mast years these troops of swine would sub-
sist upon roots, etc., such as hickory roots, sweet elm roots, slip-
pery elm bark and such like. There was no hog-cholera then.
Swine even now peel elm trees, eating the bark as high as they
can get at it, and in such cases they seem clear of cholera. This
habit of eating the bark from elm trees is what probably gave
hogs in those days the name of "elmpeelers." When fatted on

hickory and beech mast the meat was very sweet but oily, and
would not make good bacon. Hunting wild hogs was grand
sport, though somewhat dangerous withal.

Besides pork, as above described, and wild game, the streams
abounded in fish; bass, salmon, pike, buff'alo, red horse, white and
black suckers, silver sides, catfish, etc., were plentiful in the
streams, and men could have all they pleased to catch. Besides
bread and meat, potatoes were soon raised, so as to furnish a full
supply; as also pumpkins, squashes, cabbages, and other garden
vegetables. But wheat, for several years, proved nearly a failure,
so that flour, if used, had to be brought from the Miami or some
other older settlement ; and only a few could afford to take the
trouble to get it, or cared to obtain it if they could.

But how was cooking (other than baking bread) done? This
way: A stiff bar of iron-wood (or of iron itself) was fastened in
the chimney lengthwise the fire-place, about midway from front
to rear, and perhaps eight feet high, called the "lug-pole." On
this bar were suspended several hooks of different lengths, made
of small iron rods (or sometimes of wood). These hooks extend-
ed far enough downward so that the pots and kettles of various
sizes would hang above the fire and close enough to it to receive
the needful amount of heat. Thus, boiling of all kinds was done.
For roasting (or basting), a wooden pin was fastened over the
fire-place, and from this pin the turkey, venison saddle, or what
not, was hung by a string or a wire in front of the blazing fire-
place. The side next the fire would soon be cooked, and, by
turning it round and round, the whole would be done "to a turn,"
the gravy dripping out into a dish set below upon the hearth.
Thus, with milk and butter in abundance after the first two or
three years, with tree-sugar and molasses in profusion, with wild
berries and plums, etc., with which the woods abounded, the
settlers, after they once got started, had no lack. In fact, many
things of which they had a plentiful supply, would now be
reckoned (if they could be obtained at all) a wonderful luxury.

As to the supply of game and the readiness with which it
could be gotten, it may be stated that one man has been known
to kill nine deer in a single day, another has killed six. These
are of course extreme cases, yet to kill a deer or two, half a dozen
turkeys, and fifteen or twenty pheasants in a day was nothing
uncommon for a single person.

To light the house, no gas nor kerosene, nor even tallow
candles were needed. The huge fire-place would, for any ordin-
ary purpose, give light enough. Some had a kind of contrivance
consisting of a sort of dish or bowl with a nose or spout for the
rag-wick to lie in. In the dish was melted tallow or lard, and
the wick lay with one end in the melted lard, and the other up
along the spout. This lamp would hang by a string in the
middle of the room and well supplied the place of chandelier or
astral. Sometimes a still simpler arrangement was employed,
a broken saucer with some tallow or lard in it would have a piece
of rag laid in as a wick, and your lamp was all complete. And
for outdoor uses, the boys used to light themselves and their
company to meetings or spelling schools, or to hunting sprees or
"hoe down" parties, with torches, consisting of a handful of
hickory bark. All that had to.be done was to peel some bark as
you went along, light the ends in the fire-place when about to
start for home, and keep it whisking about as you went on. The
more wind the better, though wind in those forest paths gave
little trouble. A group of torches scattered along among
the trees, flaring and dancine and flashing as they were waved
hither and thither by their bearers, presented so picturesque a
sight as in these artificial days can seldom be witnessed. A good
torch-light was worth half a dozen lanterns any day (or any night
rather).

IMPLEMENTS.

The methods and means of work were simple enough.
Trees were girdled and felled, and cut into lengths with the ax.
In fact the ax was, to the settler, the tool of all work. With-
out it he was helpless. With it he was a crowned king.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

With an ax and an auger and an old hand-saw, he could
make wellnigh anything.

Rail-splitting was done with maul and wedge.

Moving logs was was done with a lever, or hand-spike, while
one in a hundred or a thousand would boast a crow-bar.

Clapboards were split out with a frow.

Puncheons were split with maul and wedge, and shaped and
smoothed with the ax, or with a large, long irow, suited to the
purpose.

Flax was threshed by whipping the bundles on a barrel-head,
or a block set endwise. It was spread and rotted, and dried and
" broke," and swingled (scutched), and hatcheled (hackled), the
tow carded, and the flax or the tow spun and reeled, and spooled
or quilled, and warped, and woven, and colored, and made up
into garments.

Grain was hand-reaped, or cradled, and threshed with a flail,
or tramped on the ground with horses, and cleaned with a sheet
or a basket fan.

Hauling was done on a sled, made out of " crooks " split from
a tree-root.

Plowing was done with a bar-share plow, which had only a
wooden mold board.

Iloes were huge, ungainly things, large enough to cut and dig
" grubs " with.

Men traveled mostly on foot, or on horseback. Many a man
went on foot to Fort Wayne or to Cincinnati to enter his land.
One man entered three different forty-acre tracts, and went on
foot to Cincinnati for the purpose, each several time, except that
one of the trips was made partly on horseback. The old man is
still living to enjoy the fruits of his labor. Boys, sixteen years
old, have tied up their money in a rag, and gone on " Shank's
mares " alone through the woods, to make entry of land for father,
or mother, or possibly for themselves.

Many a farm was tilled for years with a single horse, or even
an ox. Not seldom a poor fellow's only horse would lie down and
die, and leave him in a " fix " indeed. However, people were
accommodating, and a person could get help from his neighbors
to the extent of their ability.

Wagons were very scarce. To become the owner of a wagon
was an event to reckon from as the beginning of a new era.

One early settler says, that in a space of two miles square,
where resided perhaps thirty families, only two wagons were to be
found.

He says moreover, that the neighbors got up a milling
expedition, taking a wagon with six horses, and twelve bushels of
grain. The horses were restive and wild and would not pull
together, and the wagon became fast in the mud ; and six men
took a horse and a sack of grain apiece and " put out " for the
mill, leaving the wagon in the mud hole to be got out at some
other time.

Thus our ancestors plodded on ; slow and tedious and awk-
ward their methods would now be reckoned, but honest, faith-
ful, industrious, frugal, simple-hearted, sincere, hospitable and
generous. They heroically accomplished the herculean tasks ap-
pointed to their lot, and bore patiently and successfully
the burdens which providence laid upon their shoulders- Let
their posterity beware how they contemn the humble condi-
tion of their forefathers. Let this generation look back to those
old-time scenes, and to the worthy actors in them, not with
a feeling of shame nor a sense of disgrace, but let them reckon it
an honor to have sprung from a line of ancestry so noble, so ex-
cellent, so hardy and energetic, so worthy of sincere respect,
nay, almost of reverence; and let them see to it that in met!'-
ods of energetic labor and in heroic success in the employment of
larger and better means of accomplishment, they prove them-
selves before the world to be worthy successors of their venerable
progenitors.

CLOTHING.

Most of the settlers brought with them into the wilderness

all they could afford, to last them until more could be raised, at
least to last for one year, and often for more than that.

After a corn field and a truck patch must come a flax patch.
When the flax became ripe it was pulled, threshed, spread, rot-
ted, gathered up, broken, scutched, hackled, spun, woven and put
on the back to wear. All the machinery needed for this work
was a flax-brake, a scntching-board, a hackle, a spinning-wheel,
a quill-wheel and. winding blades, warping bars and loom, all of
which were very simple and inexpensive, and most of them could
be made in the vicinity or even at home. And all the work,
from sowing the seed to taking the last stitch upon the garment,
was done upon the premises, and much of it was performed as
easily by the lads and the lasses as by the men and women them-

The hackling of the flax produced tow. This tow was carded
and spun, the flax was spun into "chain," and the tow into fill-
ing, and both were woven into "tow linen;" and out of this
strong and not unsightly fabric, many garments for summer
wear were made ; dresses for females being colored according to the
taste, and the males wearing theirs uncolored. For winter,
people had sheep, and took the wool, carding it by hand, spin-
ning it on a " big wheel," and weaving it with linen or cotton
warp (or chain) into " linsey-woolsey " or "jeans." The " lin-
sey " was worn mostly by the women, and the jeans by the men ;
sometimes the fabric was colored "butternut," and sometimes
blue.

Cambrics, muslins, etc., were scarce and costly, and rarely
used. For outer garments men soon began to use deer-skins,
making pantaloons and " hunting shirts." The latter was
much like a modern sack coat, and a very comfortable, though
not especially handsome garment it proved itself. At first the
buckskin was obtained, ready dressed, of the Indians ; but the
settlers soon learned to prepare it themselves. The men had
commenced to make and sew their own buckskin garments, the
work being too hard for female fingers. The sewing was done
with the sinews from the deer's legs, or with a " whang," i. e., a
thong or string cut from the deer hide, a shoemaker's awl, and a
very large needle. These buckskin clothes were just the thing.
They were within the reach of all. costing nothing but labor;
they were very durable, lasting for years ; they were warm, and
as to looks, each man looked as well as his neighbor, and what more
is needed ? And they were an almost perfect protection. The sting
of the nettle, the scratch of the briers, and even the bite of the
rattlesnakes was harmless. The cockle-burs and the Spanish
needles would not stick to them, they kept out the cold " like a
charm," and, moreover, whei; properly dressed, and neatly made,
they presented by no means an unsightly appearance.

The garments were commonly made and worn large and free,
which of course greatly added to their comfort and convenience.
Sometimes, however, in standing near the fire, a man would get
his "breeches" hot, and another in mischief would clap the hot
buckskin to the flesh, and the luckless wearer would jump, with
a yell and a bound, clear across the room, as though the great
log fire were tumbling on him. Sometimes too they would get
wet, and if allowed to dry, the skin would become very hard and
stiff, and could not be used again till it had been softened by
dampening and rubbing.

The Indians made moccasins, and the settlers bought and
wore them, being excellent for dry weather, winter or summer,
but not for wet. For the wet season, strong leather shoes were
used, though many, especially the younger class, went much
barefooted.

Upon the head the men wore in the winter chiefly a strong,
well-made, low crowned, broad-brimmed wool hat, somewhat like
that which the older Quakers now wear. Sometimes a warm
head-gear was made from a coon-skin. It was comfortable, but
looked wolfish. In summer, home-made hats, braided from whole
rye-straw, grown for that purpose, were in extensive use.

Women also made their bonnets out of straw, only each par-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ticular straw was split into five or six pieces by a "splitting ma-
chine."

This machine may be thus described : Narrow strips of tin
were firmly set in a piece of wood an inch square and six inches
long. The straw was spread open and drawn through these tin
" teeth" and made into strips of equal width. Five of these
strips (sometimes seven) were plaited into a braid, and the braid
made long enough for a whole bonnet. The braid was ironed
smooth (having been bleached if thought necessary), and nicely
sewed into bonnets ; and they looked equal in neatness (not to
Siky taste) to the fashions of the present day.

Sun-bonnets were made much as at the present day, of calico
and pasteboard. The great object of a bonnet was at that time
supposed 10 be to protect the face, head and neck from the sun,
and the wind and the cold ; and they were made accordingly.
What a bonnet is for now is best known, perhaps, to the wearers ;
or, if they do not, how should anybody else be expected to know ?

The fashions of that primitive time, doubtless, would seem
awkward and uncouth at the present day ; but the clothing
answered the prime ends for which clothing is worn, decency and
comfort, even better perhaps than the garments of the present
day. And as to looks, folks were better satisfied with what they
had then than people are now ; and. if they were suited who had
them to wear and to look at, surely we who are so far removed
by two generations of time have no occasion to complain.

It can be truly affirmed that underneath those coats and hunt-
ing shirts, uncouth in looks and awkward in fit, dwelt souls brave
and generous, and hearts tender and kind, loyal, affectionate and
true. God grant that the same may ever be truly declared of
their children and their children's children while the ages roll.
Fashions may come and fashions may go, but what matter, so
the deep fountain of love and truth and faithfulness in the hu-
man soul remains pure, untarnished and perennial.

MONEY.

Money was scarce, little, indeed, was needed, for, as has been
shown, almost every necessity and luxury was produced at home.
Some money, however, was necessary, chiefly to pay taxes, and
to buy iron and salt, powder and lead. Taxes indeed, for many
years, were low. The first county tax levied in Randolph was
*'twenty-five cents upon each horse-beast." The first settlement
of the treasurer showed as follows :

ReoeipU $20.00

Expenditures 20.00

Balance 00.00

That was in May, 1819.

In November, |260.00 were the receipts, and $259.75 the
disbursements.

In 1820, the county treasury boasted of $462.63, $309.63 of
which were realized from the sale of lots, and $1 from a fine,
leaving $152.00 as the avails of county taxation in a single county
for a whole year. And up to 1829 the annual county taxes still
fell short of $900.00. So "taxes" required but a small amount
of the "needful."

But iron and salt and powder and lead were indispensable, and
heavy and costly. They took money, and abundance of it, or its
equivalent.

As a specimen of the costliness of articles in those times, the
statement is made that Benjamin Bond, who came to Wayne
County in 1811, gave for nails twenty-five cents a pound, and
paid for them in cordwood cut apon his land just west of New
Garden meeting-house in Wayne County, at twenty-five cents a
cord upon the ground, a cord of wood for a pound of nails !

Once in Western Pennsylvania in the long, lung ago, a horse
was given for a barrel of salt, and at another time (in this region)
eighteen dollars was given for a bushel. Money could be ob-
tained, indeed, though not largely. Deer skins would bring fifty
cents; raccoon skins thirty-seven and a half cents, and muskrats
twenty-five cents. The fur buyer, when he came his annual

round, would pay cash; but the merchants paid only in trade. If
the settler would wait for the fur buyer, he could have the cash,
if not, he must "dicker" it out, and let the merchant finger the
cash himself.

Deer must be killed from May till November, and raccoons
and muskrats from December till April. So the hunter had his
harvest all the year round; only, if he wanted money, he must
store up till the fur-dealer came. But necessaries could begotten
at any time. And these were comparatively few, though some-
what expensive. A side of sole leather and of upper leather, a
barrel of salt, powder and shot for hunting, some fish hooks, and
perhaps an ax, would suffice for a whole year. For land buying,
some money was required, of course, and after the "specie-circu-
lar" in the spring of 1837, only silver (for gold was not then
in circulation, being, before the days of California, dear, and
of course scarce, or, more properly speaking, not in ordinary use
as money at all) was available, and hard work indeed it often was
to obtain the needful.

One (now old) man tells of the strait he was put to at the time
when that famous "Specie Circular" came in force. He was a
lad of eighteen years. Having had his eye for along time upon a fine
sugar camp near his father's dwelling, but without money enough
for his purpose, he heard that another man intended to "enter"
the tract. Hurrying to gather up funds for that and for some
more land desired by his father, he set out, on foot and alone,
carrying his money, tied in a knot in his pocket handkerchief,
most of the way in his hand, bound for the land office at Fort
Wayne. The money was largely in paper, and in just three days
the "specie circular" was to come in force. He hoped to reach
Fort Wayne by that time and struggled on. But he could not
"make it." The third night found him at St. Mary's, a few
miles short. The next day he entered the Land Office, not
knowing what he could do, fearing the worst yet hoping the
best. The Receiver happened to be an acquaintance of his
father's, and agreed to take his "paper money." And so he
made his point and got his land. And then, afoot and alone, he
wended his way homeward again, without money only as he
borrowed two dollars of his friend, the Receiver, but happy in
possession of the certificate which would in due time bring for
him a patent under the "Broad Seal" of the United States of
America. The reason why he was found thus with no money to
go home on, was this: He supposed that the tract of land he
wished to enter was an "80 acre" piece. It was 84, which would
take exactly $5.00 extra, so the question came up, "Will you
take all your money and, get your land, or will you save your
money and not purchase?" He had come too far to go back
with his object all unaccomplished, and the young hero decided
that he would have the land and get home as he could. And
have it he did, and, under the generous offer of his friend, the
Receiver, he accepted the loan of two dollars to pay his expenses
homeward. It is a pleasant thing to note that, though this boy
(and his father) were ardent Whigs of that olden time, and the
Receiver was a Van Buren Democrat, he befriended the boy
nevertheless, like the frank and genial man that he was.

AMUSEMENTS.

Wherever there are human beings, there will be amusements.
Thousands of years ago a prophet foretold that Jerusalem should
be rebuilt, and that the streets " should be full of boys und girls
playing in the midst thereof." Wherever there are boys and girls
there will be playing, and men and women are only grown-up
children.

The Indians of the western continent, the Africans of the
eastern, all tribes and and all nations of men, have their sports.

Even the various tribes ofanimals are not without their games,
in which they engage with rollicking glee. And the human
tribes, savage and civilized, barbarous and cultivated, rich and
poor, in the torrid heats and amid northern snows, in the sands
of Arabia, in the valleys of India, on the plains of China, amid the

HISTORY OF RA.NDOLPH COUNTY.

snows of Norway and of Lapland ; on the stormy steppes of Rus-
sia, amid the glaciers of Greenland, and in the North American
wastes, where wander the wild Esquimaux ; in every spot where
human foot has trod, jollity has found a resting place, and fun
has set up his throne.

When the woods were full of Indians, as at first, the white
boys played and romped with the copper-colored children ; and
the men would pitch quoits, and heave stones, and run races, and
jump with the savage braves.

The Indians indeed were wonderfully susceptible of the ridic-
ulous. Solemn as they seemed, they were full to the brim of
native fun and enjoyed a joke hugely. When the son of the first
settler, a lad seven or eight years old, was passing near an In-
dian wigwam, driving a calf up to his pen, a squaw standing be-
hind a bush jumped out with what the frightened boy thought to
be a gun, and started for him. He sprang like a deer, and wild
calf, and scared boy, and yelling squaw, went thrashing through
the woods together. The boy ran to his father's cabin and the
squaw after him. She had no gun, but only a stick ; but she was
so "tickled" at the boy's fright, that she just fell down on the cab-
in floor and laughed, and laughed, and rolled ovei' and laughed,
as if she never would have done. She laughed and jabbered over
her broken English as she lay there thinking of the chase and
the fright she had given the little white boy, until the lad grew
madder and still madder at the wild creature, and wished her
anywhere but there, laughing and making fun of him.

The sports of the settlers were generally of the more active kind
as, jumping, wrestling, running races, with frequently a " hoe-
down " ai an evening inerry-making, after a raising, or a log-roll-
ing, or a spinning bee, or some other gathering for work and as-
sistance.

An invitation would be given to the men and boys to come
and help roll logs, or to raise a building, or something like that,
aud to the women to come and bring their spinning wheels. Both
classes would go. The men would roll logs or what not, and the
women would spin. At nightfall supper would be served, and
then for a frolic by such as pleased to take part in it, which
would doubtless be fast and furious, since those who participated
were stalwart lads and buxom lasses, and, in sober truth, " all
went merry as a marriage bell."

And not seldom the women would carry their spinning wheels
as they went and returned, on foot.

There have been indeed more harmful sports than these back-
woods-balls, especially if they were kept free from the mischievous
presence of and disturbing power of intoxicating drinks (which
was not always the case), since they were for the most part simply
lively methods of working off a superabundance of animal spirits,
wliich mere hard work outdoors or indoors could not subdue.

Then for the boys, hunting served the purpose both of hard
work and high sport as well, for to chase the bounding deer
through the leafy woods, or to wait and watch for his forest lord-
ship, as his kingly horns would come tossing proudly among the
waving boughs, and to bring his active form to the earth with the
unerring shot of the faithful rifle amid the wild baying of the
eager hounds as they gathered to be " in at the death," — these,
wild and fiery hunts were, for these rollicking boys, the keenest
of sports. And thus it was —

" Mid earnest work and furious play
The youngsters passed tlieir lives away". "

RELIGION.

But not all even of the young spent their leisure hours in
sport. For many, very many, the religious exercises of those
earliest days of primitive simplicity were more satisfying, as they
were certainly more profitable, than any form of mere worldly
pleasure could possibly be. Great numbers of the first settlers of
Randolph were men and women of a strong and earnest religious
faith and, of a hearty, loving spirit, fearing God, and delighting
to do good to men.

The earliest religious meetings were probably of the Friends
or the Methodists, possibly the former, though whichever may
have been first, the other was not far behind.

The Friends built a house for divine worship, either the first
or the second summer of their residence here, and the humble
edifice served the double purpose both of church and school- ^
house.

The Methodists began their meetings in the house of Ephraira
Bowen, Sr., not very long after his removal to this county, and
the first Methodist sermon ever preached in the county was de-
livered in that unpretentious abode; and the great body of those
who belonged to that people, which in truth was not a large
crowd, gathered there to listen to its cheering words. The min-
ister officiating was Rev. Mr. Holman. of Louisville, Ky., and his
text was an appropriate one for the introduction of the gospel mes-
sage into the new land: " Is there no balm in Gilead ? Is
there no physician there ? Why then is the hurt of the daugh-
ter of my people not recovered ?"

Some who heard that sermon are still among us, and they
speak highly of that first efi"ort by that gifted servant of Christ.
Mr. Bowen's dwelling was long a place for the Methodist meet-
ings of that region.

Perhaps the earliest houses of worship through the county
were built by the Friends, the one at Arba being the first, those
at Lynn, Jericho, White River, Dunkirk, Cherry Grove and per-
haps some others, following not long after in point of time. The
Methodist meetings were held mostly at first in private houses,
as Mr. Bowen's in Greensfork near Arba, Mr, McKim's at
Spartanburg, Mr, Marshall's in Ward Township, Mr, Hubbard's
and Mr, Godwin's in Green Township, and so on. Other de-
nominations also gathered congregations in various parts, as :
The Disciples, the United Brethren, the Christians, the Protes-
tant Methodists, the Baptists, the Presbyterians, and in latter
days the Anti-Slavery Friends, the Wesleyans, as also the
African Methodist Episcopal Church, and perhaps others.

There are now also Lutherans, Catholics, Universalists, Dunk-
ards, etc. Just when each of these arose, it is at present difficult
to tell.

Several of these branches of Christians have but few churches
in the county. The number of each is supposed to be as follows :

Friends, about ten or twelve; Methodist Episcopal, a large
number ; Disciples, six or seven ; United Brethren, a consider-
able number; Christians, a considerable number; African Metho-
dist Episcopal, three or four ; Baptists, two or three ; Lutheran,
three or four ; Universalist, one ; Catholic, two ; Protestant
Methodists, one or two; Wesleyans have died out.

Some of the Methodist churches were built very early, as :
the Chapel west of Deerfield, the Prospect Meeting House east of
Deerfield, etc.

In e;irly times many protracted meetings wero held, and sev-
eral camp-meetings, at some of which remarkable seasons of relig-
ious awakening were witnessed, and many souls were brought to re-
pentance and forgiveness. Many preachers too have been promi-
nent and successful in their labors for Christ. Protracted meet-
ings are still employed, (in addition to regular Sabbath and other
stated work), as a powerful and efficient means for the spread of
religious knowledge, and the impression of the public mind with
religious truth. Camp-meetings are also (though more rarely)
held, since the altered condition of society renders them less a
matter of necessity or convenience than formerly. Almost every
neighborhood now has commodious churches, large enough to hold
the congregations who desire to gather for Divine worship. There
are indeed, in various places in the county, groves which have
been furnished with seats, etc., for the convenience of meetings ;
and, during the pleasant Sabbaths of summer, out-door meetings
are occasionally held in them. But immense crowds now are
rarely seen, except upon very unusual occasions such as county
fairs, political " rallies," traveling menageries, or such like.
One religious gathering is still very large, the Richmond Yearly

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Meeting of Friends. That is not held in this county but in
Wayne, while yet the Randolph "Orthodox Friends" all be-
long to that wondrous "body." That far-famed "meeting" is
not what it once was, since within twenty years past it has been
divided, and now three "yearly meetings" exist upon the terri-
tory once occupied by the "Richmond Yearly Meeting " alone.

In the simple-heartedness of those early times, the people
are thought, by the aged veterans who can remember what took
place forty, fifty or sixty years ago, to have been more warm-
hearted and whole-souled in their religious feelings and convic-
tions than they are to-day. However that may be, religion, to
those who then professed it, was a serious business, and they made
thorough work of it. Women would take a babe in their arms
and the husband a three-year-old child in his, while together
they would go cheerfully on foot for miles to the place appointed
for divine service. The daughter of the first settler of the
county, who, by the way, is living still near where they first
pitched their " camp," states that she often, when a " girl in her
teens," walked from near Arba to Newport to Friends' Meetings,
(at least six miles), and was not aware of having done anything
worthy of especial mention. A young Friend at Cherry Grove
would rise at 3 A. M. and work several hours in his field, and then
ride on horseback sixteen miles to week-day Friends' Meeting.
A Methodist circuit rider would go his round once a month, rid
ing frequently hundreds of miles during the time, and having an
appointment every day, and not seldom one at night besides.
The preacher honored his calling then, and to be a Methodist
circuit rider, meant to go to work at preaching and to have plenty
of it to do ; and to their honor it should be said that, as a rule,
they performed a great amount of ministerial labor, and that, ac-
cording to the fall measure of their ability, they served the gra-
cious Lord in His vineyard in their appointed lot. And those old-
time ministers of Christ have, one by one, lain down to their final
rest, and their souls have gone home to receive the gracious wel-
come, " Well done, good and faithful servant, enter thou into the
joy of thy Lord."

And true it is that the simple-hearted worship offered and the
instruction given in those rude and uncouth cabins, was to the
full as acceptable to the Great Father of all our mercies as is any
nowa-days to be met with in the grand and magnificent piles of
brick and stone that pass for houses of worship in these later
days. Linsey woolsey home-spun, and deer-skin hunting shirts,
calico sun bonnets and coon-skin head-gear were as pleasing to
the eye of the Omniscient as can any rich and costly methods and
fashions be which the descendants of that honest, sturdy, faithful
race of sterling men and loving women feel themselves called
upon now to indulge or to practice.

It is indeed a comfort to the pure and humble soul, in all
.ages and places, to know and feel the blessed truth, that while
"man looketh upon the outward appearance, God looketh on the
heart ;" that the Good Shepherd knoweth His sheep, and leadeth
them in peace into the green pastures of His love.

To show that many of the early settlers were religious, we
append a few names of families who, in days long gone by, belonged
to some one of the various churches of the time. It is not to be
understood that none besides the families named were included
among the active workers for Christ, but only that these have
been mentioned as prominent among the early Christian believers
by some one or other of the pioneers who still remain in the land
of the living, and whose memory reaches backward into those
"beginnings of things" in a religious point of view among the
forests of Randolph.

RELIOIODS PEOPLE.

Alexanders, Addingtons, Akers, Beach, Botkins, Beards,
Bowens, Barneses, Ballinger, Burroughs, Brown, Bealses,
Bonds, Buttses, Brumfields, Coateses, Croppers, Carters, Cot-
toms, Cadwalladers, Chenoweths, Clenny, Grouses, Canadas,
Chandler, Clevengers, Diggses, Devor, Debolts, Engles, Elliots,
Edgers, Floods, Goodricbe8,Grubb8,Gorsuch, Hunts, Hills, Horns,

Hunnicutts, Hinshaws, Hoffman, Harbour, Hammer, Hiatt,
Hewitts, Hart, Johnsons, Jacksons, Jordans, Kennedy, Kizer,
Lanks, Locke, Moorraans, Masons, Murphy, Miller, Marshall,
Macys, Middletons, McKew, Monks, Maulsbie, Mclntyre,
Mendcnhall, McProud, Neffs, Nicholses. Overmans, Os-
borns, Pucketts, Pollys, Parkers, Phillipses, Peacocks, Reeders,
Rubys, Ritenour, Reynolds, Rogers, Recce, Reynards, Shoe-
makers, Sumwalt, Stone, Scotts, Starbucks, Sumption, Swain,
Smiths, Thornburgs, Thomases, Ways. Wrights, Wickersham,
Worths, Wiley, Wiggins, Willmore, Wards, Willcutts, Wiggses.

GENEALOGICAL DATA, ETC.

Ancestry of John Jenkins : John Allen and Esther (Wool-
man) Allen were the great-grandparents of John Jenkins, now
resident between Buena Vista and Huntsville, Randolph Co.,
Ind. He was born June 16, 1708, and she (being the daughter
of John and Elizabeth Woolman in England), was born in East
Nottingham, Old England, July 3, 1706.

Patience Allen, the youngest child of John and Esther Allen,
was born November 3, 1746. She was the grandmother of
John Jenkins. She married James Gawthrop about 1770, and
died in Frederick County, Va., in 1828, in her eighty-second
year. Her husband, James Gawthrop, was born at Stenton, near
Kendall, in Westmoreland, May 4, 1742.

Hannah Gawthrop, daughter of James and Patience Gaw-
throp and mother of John Jenkins, was born December 12, 1788,
being one of ten children. She died Sunday, May 23, 1847, in
her fifty-ninth year, three miles north of Wilmington, Clinton
Co., Ohio, and her husband, Jacob Jenkins, died May 23, 1849,
in his sixty-eighth year, at his old residence near Wilmington,
Ohio.

Mr. John Jenkins has the family Bible that was purchased
by his great-grandmother, Esther Allen, upon her marriage,
about 1725. The book was printed at Edinburgh, Scotland, in
1721, by Samuel Watson, printer for the King.

The Bible is now 160 years old, and is in good repair. The
print and spelling are like ours, except that the long s's are used.

He has several antiquities, such as old tools, etc. Among
them are two chairs, made in 1795. They are stout and firm.
One of them has never lost a slat nor a round, and is as solid
now as when new. The other is sound also, except that one of
the slats in the back is loose. The chairs have been for most of
the time in constant use, as kitchen chairs.

The bottoms of the posts have been worn off nearly two
inches. Of course they have been re-bottomed one or more
times. He has also a mattock sixty years old, nearly as good as
new.

Rev. Greenman, of Union City, Ind., has a book about 250
years old, picked up at a second-hand book-stall in Cincinnati.

OLD MAIL ROUTES.

One of the chief mail routes in " auld lang syne," and per-
haps the most difficult and severe as well, was the one from Win-
chester to Fort Wayne.

That route was established before 1829. It was then the
main link that the northern settlers had to civilization and to the
great world "outside the woods."

Elias Kizer carried the mail on that obscure and well-nigh
impassable track for several years before 1830. The Hawkins
boys, sons of John J. Hawkins, Esq., almost the earliest settler
in the forests of Jay, carried the mail for about eighteen months,
about 1833. They went sometimes by the solitary Hawkins
cabin near what has since been the village of Antioch in the
county of Jay, and the "Quaker Trace;" and sometimes by
Joab Ward's, and the Godfrey farm west of Camden, and
thence to Fort Wayne by the " Godfrey Trail." It was a lonely,
wearisome, burdensome task, and was too much for the boys;
and ere long they were full fain to relinquish the labor to
some more hardy pioneer. And such a one was found in the per-

y^/-:^- //V7^^^

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

son of John Connor, who in the spring of 1835 laid hold of the
work, and who kept it, through rain and mud, and frost and
snow and floods, year in and year out, for twenty-six or twenty-
seven years, till 1861 ; and then he went into the array, old and
wavworn as be was, and laid him down to die in the enemy's
land.

Many a struggle had he with the hostile forces of nature,
many a mud-hole, sometimes seventy-five miles long, undertook
to bury him out of sight ; many a flood rose across his pathway,
many a fierce and bitter storm frowned and howled in his face,
but ever in vain. The old hero came out of the contest a
conqueror every time.

Sometimes his horses, one or both, would lie down and die,
under the terrible service ; but he would simply get more and
try it again.

It was almost a thing of necessity that his farm near Port-
land should come to be what some rather cruelly nicknamed it
"Connor's bone-yard." The fault lay not so much in Con-
nor, as in the inexorable and relentless nature of the service to
which he had devoted his life.

Those old horseback or hack mail routes (and the latter were
perhaps worse than the former), were truly serious realities in
the days of "auld lang syne." When that route was opened,
not one post office was to be found along the entire distance.

After some years, Deerfield was established, and still later a
post office in Jay (then Randolph) County, June 11, 1835, at
the house of Daniel Farber, near College Corner. John Con-
ner then had two post offices to serve with mail instead of one.
And gradually settlers found their way into the northern woods,
till that whole region became filled with dwellings and dotted with
towns and schoolhouses and churches and post offices. And still
John Connor kept on carrying the mail, till people on the route
got to think that Uncle John Connor and "Uncle Sam " must be
one and the same.

WRIGHT FAMILY.

They were a very numerous family. As mentioned already,
three of the first officers were Wrights, and there were more
Wrights than anything else. Two of the three officers, John and
Solomon, were brothers, and the other was their cousin, and in
particular there were many John Wrights.

John Wright, blacksmith, who donated land for the county seat,
was brother to David Wright, Sheriff, and went to the Legislature
three or four times ; moved to Illinois in 1830, and died long ago.
When he left, William M. Way, his son-in-law, became the owner
of his land, who sold it to John Mumma, who laid it out as Mumraa's
addition (the tract long known as the "goose pasture").

John Wright, Judge. He served as judge twenty-eight years
(four terms), up to 1846. He then moved over the Wabash,
where he died some years ago. His oldest son, Edward, who
lived (1880) on the Huntsville road, two and a half miles from
Winchester, died in 1881.

Hominy John Wright, father to Solomon, Wright, who is now
living near the crossing of Cabin Creek. This John settled two
and a half miles west of Winchester. He had twelve children,
three of them triplets, Abram, Isaac and Jacob. He had a
son John, also called Hominy John.

Spencer John Wright, son of James Wright who settled the
Kizer farm north of Winchester.

Blue-chin John Wright, son of David Wright, Sheriff.

Thus there were at least six John Wrights. Old Thomas
Wright, the oldest of all, was father-in-law of John Coats, who died
since (1871). Thomas Wright's progeny are too many to be
counted. Mr. Smith says of them, " Whole colonies of them
have emigrated westward. If they and all the other
of the Wrights who were here in 1818 had remained i
county, there would be little room for any one else."

The above is a specimen of some members of a singli
nection among the pioneers. Similar accounts might be
of other families, as the Ways, the Diggses, the Johnsoi

Hodgsons, etc., etc. The pioneers indeed were remarkable, as a
rule, for their large faraiiius. The original command to the pro-
genitor of the human race was, " Be fruitful and multiply and
replenish the earth, and subdue it ;" and these sturdy emigrants
considered themselves only in the line of primal human duty (as
indeed they were thus) in raising flocks of <<hildran to giow up
and possess the goodly and excellent land.

CHAPTER V.

ORGANIZATION.

ORGANIZATION OF COUNTIES.

IT may be proper at this point to give a brief statement con-
cerning the counties of Indiana as to the time of their crea-
tion, that the reader may gain a clear idea of the course and pro-
gress of settlement in the different sections of the State, and in
our own section as well.

Some sketches are given also of governmental matters previ-
ous to that time.

NORTHWEST TERRITORY.

The State of Virginia had, before the Revolution, claimed
the body of the territory lying northwest of the Ohio. Con-
necticut also had a claim, which was quieted by giving her the
proceeds of several million acres of land lying on the southern
shore of Lake Erie, embracing what is now known as the " West-
ern Reserve," and including Ashtabula, Lake, Geauga, Portage,
Summit, Medina, Cuyahoga, Lorain, Huron, Erie and parts of
Ashland and Mahoning Counties, Ohio. Virginia ceded her
claim to the United States by an act dated January 2, 1781.
Congress accepted the grant, September 13, 1783, as a national
domain.

Virginia, by an act passed December 20, 1783, directed her
delegates in Congress, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Hardy, Arthur
Lee and James Monroe, to accomplish the cession. This was
done by them March 1, 1784.

On the 13th of July, 1787, the Congress of the Confedera-
tion passed the now famous " Ordinance of '87" for the gov-
ernment of the Northwest Territory. And on the 5th of Octo-
ber, 1787, Arthur St. Clair was appointed Governor thereof.
He was President of Congress at the passage of the ordinance,
and retained the Governorship for twelve years (1788-1800).

In July, 1788, Gov. St. Clair organized tlie Territory, mak-
ing Ft. Harmar (Marietta) the capital. January 9, 1789, he con-
cluded a treaty with some of tlie leading men among the Indians,
at Fort Harmar, but its validity was questioned or absolutely
denied and hence the treaty was never enforced.

In 1790, Gov. St. Clair made a journey to Clarksville, Vin-
cennes and Kaskaskia, to conciliate the Indians. His efforts,
however, were fruitless.

September 13, 1790, Gen. Harmar moved from Fort Wash-
ington (Cincinnati), reaching the vicinity of Fort Wayne, and
suffering a disastrous defeat October 19.

May 23 and August 24, 1791, Gens. Scott and Wilkinson led
expeditions against the Indians on the Wabash (the Wea Prairie),
eight miles below Lafayette, and at Ke-na-purr-a-qua on Eel
River, six miles from Logansport. Both e?peditions were suc-
cessful. In September, 1792, Gov. St, Clair marched from
Fort Washington, erecting Forts Hamilton and Jefferson on the
way. On the third day of November, 1792, the army reached
the Wabash at Recovery, j^nd the next day (November 4) was
terribly defeated by the Indians under Little Turtle, Blue Jacket
and other chiefs.

Early in 1794, Gen. Anthony Wayne, then chief commander,
having marched into the Indian country, built Fort Recovery on

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the ground of St. Clair's defeat, moved onward July 26, 1794, and
erected Fort Adams on the St. Mary's, and FortjjS^efiance at the
junction of the Auglaize and Maumee Rivers.

August 20, 1794, he defeated the Indians at the rapids of
the Maumee, and, September 14, he began the erection of Fort
Wayne. October 28, Gen. Wayne returned to Greenville.

The treaty of Greenville was framed and ratified at a meeting
lasting from June 16 to August 10, 1795. The land embraced in
that treaty included much of Ohio and a small portion of southeast-
ern Indiana. The line agreed upon extended (with exceptions and
reservations specified) from the Tuscarawas branch of the Musk-
ingum River, westward by a varying line to Fort Recovery, Ohio,
and thence southwest in a straight line to the Ohio opposite the
month of the Kentucky River.

This is Wayne's boundary, already suflBciently described.
Wayne had defeated the Indians so severely, and had so thoroughly
convinced them of the hopeless folly of resisting the powers of the
United States, that they sincerely and heartily observed the
terms of the treaty. Public confidence was restored, and emi-
gration set in to the region ceded thereby, with a strong and
steady current.

Oct. 29, 1798, Gov. St. Clair issued a proclamation for a
General Assembly for the Northwest Territory, to be held at
Cincinnati, January 22, 1799. The Assembly met and ad
journed to September 16, 1799, at which time it convened again
and continued in session till December 30, of the same year. There
were then in the whole northwest only seven counties, and but
one of them (Knox) was within the present State of Indiana.

May 7, 1800, Congress divided the Northwest Territory
into two parts, Ohio and Indiana. Ohio Territory embraced
substantially what is now the State of Ohio, and Indiana Terri-
tory took in all the Northwest, containing by census that year
only 4,875 souls. Gen. William II. Harrison was appointed
Governor of Indiana Territory.

January 10-26, 1800, the judges metatVincennes, and framed
needed regulations. Ohio waa made a State in 1802, Michigan
Territory was set off in 1805, and Illinois Territory in 1809.

The hrst General Assembly for Indiana Territory convened
at Vinccnnes July 29, 1805. At this time two more counties
had been formed, viz. : Clark, in 1801, and Dearborn in 1803.
Dearborn embraced all the territory in Indiana east of Wayne's
boundary, and Clark took a large extent of country on the Ohio
River.

Wayne was made in 1810, and Franklin in 1811.

By 1816, when Indiana became a State, thirteen counties
had been formed, in all, to wit: Knox, 1796, (when created),
all of Indiana and Michigan ; Clark, 1801, on the Ohio River ;
Dearborn, 1803, east of Wayne's boundary ; Harrison, 1809, on
the Ohio near Corydon, the first State capital ; Wayne,
1810, north part of Dearborn ; Jefferson, 1810, cut off from
Clark; Franklin, 1811, between Dearborn and Wayne, includ-
ing also Fayette and Union ; Gibson, 1813, south of what is now
Knox; Warwick, 1813, next east of Gibson; Wasljington,
1814, north of Harrison and Clark ; Switzerland, 1814, southern
part of Dearborn, on Ohio River; Posey, 1814, southwestern
county in the State; Perry, 1815. somewhat west of Harrison
County; Jackson, 1815, north of Washington. [This last
county, Jackson, though erected in 1815, would seem not to have
been represented in the Constitutional Convention of 1816, or it
may be that, being small in population, it was united with some
other county]. Thus the settlements at this time (1816) were :

First — East of the (old) boundary (and perhaps some between
the two boundaries) Switzerland, Dearborn, Franklin, Wayne.

Second — On or near the Ohio River, west of the boundaries,
Clark, Harrison, Perry, Warrick, Posey.

Third — On the Wabash (northward) Gibson, Knox.

Fourth — Interior, (north of Harrison and Clark), Washing-
ton and Jackson.

A year or two before the Constitutional Convention of 1816,

the settlement of Wayne had been pufhed northward into the
south part of what is now Randolph, and the Constitutional Con-
vention met at Corydon June 10-19, 1816.

The first election of State officers took place on the first Mon-
day in August, 1816.

In the first State Legislature, Jackson County was repre-
sented, and also one more county, formed in 1816, Orange, west
of Jackson County.

One of the Representatives from Wayne County resided in
the bounds of what became Randolph County, to wit. Ephraim
Overman. He was the fifth settler in Randolph County, coming
there in November, 1814. He settled oneand a half miles north of
Arba, where Joshua Thomas now lives, on the Pike.

[Note 1. — Counties having the names of Wayne and Ran-
dolph are mentioned as existing in Northwest Territory, in 1805.
But Wayne County thus referred to was in Michigan, embrac-
ing all of Michigan and some of northern Indiana, etc. Ran-
dolph County was in Illinois].

The counties of Indiana were formed with some rapidity.
Before 1817, sixteen counties ; during 1817, three counties ;
during 1818, eight counties — Randolph County, being one;
1818-22, seventeen counties; 1823-1828, fourteen counties',
1830-37, twenty-one counties ; 1843-71, thirteen counties; mak-
ing in all ninety two counties.

Thus the progress of settlement was, in general, from the
south toward the center, and so toward the north.

It will be seen that Randolph County was among those that
were early in settlement. The whole central part, and the vast
northern and western portions, remained a wilderness for years
after Randolph began to be settled. Winchester was laid out
some years before Indianapolis and Fort Wayne. Settlement in
Randolph began in 1814, but the central and western regions re-
mained Indian land till 1818, and they were not surveyed till
1821-22.

Randolph is the sixteenth in population (1880), and the seven-
teenth in size. This county, at one time, embraced a large por-
tion of the State northward from her present limits, and Dela-
ware and Grant besides. At its first formation, however, the
county included only the country east of the twelve-mile bound-
ary and north of Wayne County, but the boundary was after-
ward changed, and other portions were temporarily joined thereto.
The regions attached were settled more or less rapidly, and new
counties were organized from time to time, till at length, by the
erection of Blackford in 1839, Randolph became " herself and
nothing else."

ORGANIZATION.

During the session of the Legislature of Indiana, held at Cory-
don, 1817-18, eight new counties was formed, of which Randolph
was one.

It embraced, at first, all the territory north of Wayne County,
and east and south of the twelve mile boundary. It was afterward
so changed as to include, temporarily and for judicial purposes, an
area outside of the twelve mile strip, and also an immense indefinite
territorv north and west, comprising, at one time or other, Dela-
ware, Grant, Jay, Adams, Blackford, Wells, Allen, and how
much else we do not know, perhaps even to the north line of the
state, no county having then been organized in either of those
directions. And as settlers moved into those regions they were
reckoned as in Randolph until new counties were erected and
organized, including them.

The act creating Randolph County was approved by Gov. Jen-
nings, January 10, 1818. The law creating the new county ap-
pointed William Majors, Williamson Dunn, of Dearborn County,
James Brownlee, of Franklin, members of Constitutional Conven-
tion, Stephen C. Stevens anil John Bryan, to fix the county seat.
The boundaries were- described in the act as follows :

"All that part of the county of Wayne which is inclosed in
the following bounds shall form and constitute a new county, that
is to say, beginning at the state of Ohio line, where the line that

HISTORY OF RANDOJ.PH COUNTY.

divides the 15th and 16th townships strikes said Ohio line, thence
westward with said township line until it strikes (ine old boundary,
thence westward with the centre line of the 18th township in the
new purchase until it strikes the Indiana boundary, thence north-
ward with said boundary until it strikes the Ohio line, thence
south with said line to the place of beginning." Until suitable
accommodations could be made, the courts were appointed to be
held at the house of William Way.

The locating commissioners met in August, 1818. an.d fixed
the county seat at Winchester. They received and secured to the
county donations of land as follows: Charles Conway, 60 acres;
John Wright, 50 acres; David Wright, 10 acres; David Stout, 18
acres; Daniel Petty, 20 acres. 158 acres in all from five men, a
splendid donation. Randolph County surely has no right to com-
plain that her county seat did not get a good "send off." All of
the land thus donated was in Sections 20 and 21, Township 20
north, Range 14 east of the second principal meridian. The lo-
cation is on Salt Creek, and some distance south of White River.
The town now lies on both sides of Salt Creek, and has extended
itself northward nearly to White River.

Some old settlers say that the new county seat would have
been located at Sampletown, four miles west, but that the settlers
there were unwilling to "come down" sufficiently with donations.

Pursuant to the laws then in force. Gov. Jennings appointed
David Wright, Sherifi", to organize the county. He did so by
making two precincts, Greensfork and White River, the chief
settlements being on these two streams. He created two town-
ships as above, dividing them by an east and west line across the
county. An election was held in August. 1818, to choose two
Associate Judges, a Sheriff, Clerk, Recorder, Coroner, and three
County Commissioners, which oflScers were chosen as follows:
William Edwards, John Wright, Associate Judges; David Wright,
Sheriff; Solomon Wright, Coroner; Charles Conway, Clerk and
Recorder; Eli Overman, Benjamin Cox, John James, Commis-
sioners. These officers were all commissioned, and the county
machinery was put duly into motion. The Wright family furnished
three of the eight above named, and that connection was at that
time very numerous in the county, some account of which is set
down elsewhere.

Thus far the organization of the county, and the election of
officers therefor.

The official history at large will be furnished in a separate

COUNTY SEAT — WINCHESTER.

[Much of the following account of Winchester has been taken
substantially from "Manuscripts" by Honorable Jere Smith,
who came to Randolph County in August, 1817, and resided
therein for more than fifty years until his death].

Winchester was the first town established in the county. The
site was fixed by the commissioners to locate the county seat in
1818. As already stated, they located it on Sections 20 and 21,
Town 20, Range 14 east of second meridian, by donations from
five different persons, in all 158 acres.

Lots were laid out in the fall and winter of 1818. The first
sale of lots took place February, 1819. The whole plat was an
unbroken forest, a primitive wilderness, heavily timbered, with a
thick undergrowth.

A large oak, three feet through, stood for years on Inlot No.
9, east front. It was cut down in 1825 or 1826, and the stump
was standing there in state when Judge Smith built the Frank-
lin House in 1839.

The Commissioners, Messrs. Cox, Overman and James, and
Paul W. Way, Agent, had agreed upon the plan of the town.
Overman and Way were both surveyors, backwoods fashion.
Charles Connor, who was also a "half surveyor," had a little stiff-
armed compass, four-inch face, and an old two-pole chain, tied
with leather and tow strings. Paul Way did the surveying. As
the Commissioners were looking over the ground to locate the
public square, Charles Conway told Judge Smith that Old Eli

Overman stuck down the Jacob-staff, saying, " Here shall be the
northeast corner of the public square," and there it was, and there
it 18, and is to be, unless, indeed, as seems not very unlikely in
these latter days, some city "engineer" shall take it into his
overgrown head to plant new corners and turn town, streets and
all " awry."

The first house built was a round log cabin, onestory high,
" scutched down " after it was raised, and before the rafters were
put up.

It had a clapboard roof, and a clay and stick chimney. Mr.
Smith says, " I do not know who built the house, but Martin
Comer owned it and lived in it a long time. It stood on inlot
No. 9, north front, and was built in the early spring of 1819.

The second house was put up by Thomas Wright, father-in-
law of John Coats, still living in the county (1871), in the spring
and summer 'of 1819. It was like the other, and stood on inlot
No. 8, north front.

In the summer and fall of 1819, James McCool, a blind man,
put up upon inlot No. 1, west front, a good, two-story, hewed-log
house. When I first came to Winchester (1819) it was the hotel of
the town, kept by the blind man, McCool. When next I came,
James Oldham, hatter, kept tavern in it, and a hatter's shop back
of it. Old Esquire Odle owned it afterward, and built a little
frame store at the north end, and a frame shed back for bed-
rooms, and he ran it as a hotel, store and residence for some
years.

In the winter of 1819-20, James Oldham, the hatter, built a
good hewed-log house, story and a half, on inlot No. 11, south-
east square ; and in the spring of 1820, Alvin C. Graves built a
round-log cabin on lot No. 14, in the southeast square.

The hewed-log court house and the Banta jail were built in
1819-20.

In that year (1820) Judge John >ample built the first frame
house, a small one-story building, on lot No. 3, east front. He
set it on the west line of the lot, some distance south of the north-
west corner of the lot. He sold it the next year to George Burk-
et, who extended the house north to the corner of the lot, and
kept store in it for some years. He then sold it to Jesse Way,
and he also had a store there for awhile."

It would seem from this account that there were now (1820)
seven buildings in Winchester (if the Judge has mentioned them
all).

Mr. Smith goes on, " The next frame house was in 1824-25,
by David Haworth, which house was standing in 1871. It was
on inlot No. 10, northeast square, where Jacob Elzroth lived so
long, and where he died.

" Andrew Aker, in 1826 or 1827, built a frame house on inlot
No. 8, north front, two stories, with a one-story store-room at the

"In 1826-27, Abner Overman built a frame house on the north-
east corner of lot No. 2, east front. He sold it to John Way in
the fail of 1829, who moved into it, and started a blacksmith shop,
and lived there the rest of his days. In 1823, Mrs. Mary Reed-
er bought inlot No. 2, west front, built a cabin and lived there
some years. She then traded it off to Nathaniel Coffin, for inlot
No. 12, southeast square, on which last lot she is still living.
She (Mrs Mary Reeder) is the "oldest inhabitant" of Winches-
ter, having lived in it ever since, being (in 1881) fifty-nine years
old. She was in the town seven years before I was, and ten years
before Jesse Way.

" There were, I presume, other cabins and shanties put up in
the town during this decade, but I cannot now call them to mind."

Thus far Mr. Smith.

Winchester would seem to have had an exceedingly slow
growth, remarkably so, considering it was the seat of justice of
a county containing at the start 200 voters, and increasing its
population with considerable rapidity; considering, moreover,
that for ten years not another town was even attempted within
its limits.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Judge Smith appears to think that the dozen or so houses
which he described were nearly or qaite all that had been
built up to 1830. And information from several sources indi-
cates that not more than a dozen families were residents of the
town at the lapse of twelve years after the town had been platted.
One jail and two court houses had been built. Court after court
had been held ; jurors had heard cases in the court house, and
determined their verdicts seated upon the stumps and logs out-
side; lawyers and judges and clients had threaded and waded
and swam their way through the primal woods to that frontier
town; but lo ! almost no town was there. But in those halcyon
day* small need was there of towns, people lived at home and
mae'j wellnigh every thing they used, and had little occasion to
buy anything which they could not make. The larger portion
of the settlers had come from the Carolinas, where towns were
" few and far between," and what more need was here of such
things ?

EARLY BUSINESS.

Some facts as to the early business are as follows :

The first store was kept in Randolph County in November,
1818, by William Connor, an older brother of John Connor
(mail-carrier), whose widow lived in Winchester until tf short
time ago. It was licensed by the Commissioner's Court held in
November, 1818. and was kept in a log cabin on the north bank
of the creek, on the southwest quarter of Section 10, Township
18, Range 14 (a little northwest of Old Snow Hill).

David Connor's Indian trading-post on the Mississinewa was
older, but this of William Connor's was the first licensed mercan-
tile house in the county. He paid ^20 for his license, and had
perhaps $200 worth of goods. Of David Connor and his trad-
ing-posts Mr. Smith says :

" David Connor, of Greenville, Ohio, established a little
Indian trading-post on the little (?) Mississinewa near the pres-
ent site of Allensville. When the war broke out he discontinued
it. At the close of the war, or rather during its continuance, he
moved farther down the river, and established his post where
Lewallyn afterward settled and built his mill. Connor did not
enter the land or make any improvement at either place. Mes-
hach Lewallyn, then living seven miles north of where Rich-
mond now is, moved out to Connor's trading-post, and Connor
moved his post still farther down the river, nearer the Indians,
to a point two miles below where the town of Wheeling now
stands (Delaware County). After the treaty of 1818 (some
years after), he made another move, following the Indians, and
set his trading house near the boundary of the thirty-mile re-
serve and about three miles below the present site of Marion,
where he died."

[Note. — Burkett Pierce, Arthur McKew, Robert Sumption,
Thomas Ward, Edward Edger and others, do not agree with the
above statement. They make his first location at Fort Recov-
ery, his second two or three miles above Deerfield,; his third
below Wheeling, and his fourth and last below Marion, where he
built mills and where he finally died. They say that 'he never
had a post either at Allensville or Ridgeville, and, moreover,
that he was at his station above Deerfield up to perhaps 1833, or
afterward.

It will be seen that up to 1830, Winchester as a town was
not much of a success. The business of the place was small,
the buildings were few and poor, the roads leading to it were
new and bad, the people needed but little trade, and all went
thoroughly on the slow order. The court sat and did whatever
there was for them; Charles Conway, as Clerk and Recorder, had
all the county writing to do, which was not as much for the whole
eleven years as has been since recorded in a single year.
County offices were at a discount then. The Sheriff could not
have done much, though he was Collector and Sheriff both, as
the county tax for 1829 amounted to a sum less than $900.
Jurymen came and returned without any bills to find or cases to
try, and were paid the miigniOcent sura of .50 cents per day ; and

the Associate Judges maintained their dignity and satisfied their
desires for food and lodging to the tune of $2 per day.

Winchester was a town in the woods, but for a long time
there was decidedly more woods than town. It vfas an old saying by
some odd specimen of humanity concerning a certain town, that
" he could not see the city for the houses." But at Winchester
he would have found no such difficulty. The houses were not in
the way, the city was all in full view, the buildings were not
near enough together to obstruct the vision in any direc-
tion. The trees, with their huge trunks and far-reaching branches,
may have hindered the sight somewhat. Doubtless they did.
But what of that ? They were cut down and felled to the ground
and reduced to ashes one by one, or else in vast heaps they
formed a holocaust to the God of Fire, submitting helpless and
palsy-smitten to his terrible power.

And gradually, too, but oh ! how exceeding slowly, the town
increased its fair proportions until, at last, we behold a city,
goodly in size, bustling and thriving in its business, and success-
ful in its prosperity.

Winchester has been hindered in its growth by the fact that
Union City stands on the one side and Farmland on the other,
but there is room for her also, and she shall make her
victorious way through trial and struggle to assured renown dur-
ing the days to come. There are those who affirm that Winches-
ter, instead of Union City, might have been the original
railroad center for the region. Possibly so. Some who are
quick to find fault insist indeed that one prime cause of
the slowness of growth of Winchester, is, that the capitalists of
the place have not been sufficiently enterprising in investmon*-
for business of various kinds. One thing at least is true of the
chief citizens of Winchester, which cannot be said of that class
of persons in every town, that they are genial, estimable, relia-
ble men, and the form of investment which any man shall adopt
must be left to his own volition.

The judicious investment of capital in enterprises affording
useful, honorable and remunerative employment to large numbers
of people is, in fact, a great advantage to a town, and a great
blessing to her people ; and wealthy men who thus furnish such
means of employment and useful industry are a benefit alike to
themselves and to the public.

OFFICIAL HISTORY.

[Much of this official history is from Hon. Jere Smith'"
manuscripts].

William Edwards, elected Associate Judge in 1818, was a
younger brother of Jonathan Edwards, who located south of Win-
chester in 1818. He continued to be Judge some sixteen years ;
was Representative two or three times, and then moved to Illinois.

Charles Conway continued to be Clerk and Recorder three
terms (twenty-one years). In 1832, he was strongly opposed by
Daniel Worth, who was beaten. In 1839, he moved to Missouri.
He was born in Penn.sylvania. His father was in the north-
western army, and was killed in St. Clair's defeat. His mother
then moved to Tennessee, where Charles was raised. Ho mar-
ried there, and came here in 1814 or 1815. [Perhaps not so
soon as that]. Mr. Smith says, " He was truly an honest man,
which, the poet says, is the ' noblest work of God.' "

David Wright resigned as Sheriff, and the Coroner filled the
term. David Wright soon died. He had three brothers — Will-
iam, James and John B. David was the youngest of the four.

Solomon Wright, Coroner, was elected Sheriff in 1820 and
1822. Ten years afterward he moved to Grant County, and died
long ago. The Solomon Wright now living in the county is
another member of the Weight family.

Of the Commissioners, Eli Overman served two years, and
was succeeded by John Wright (blacksmith). Eli moved to Grant
County twelve or thirteen years afterward, and died there.

Benj. Cox served two years. He lived many years in the
county. Overman and he were Friends. Cox was a preacher.

HISTORY OK RANDOLPH COUiNTY.

John James was Commissioner five or six terms, moved to
Grant County and died many years ago. He was a Baptist.

1818, 1819.

The Commissioners met August, 1818. They accepted the
Report of the locating Commissioners; appointed Paul W. Way
Agent, and selected grand and petit jurors for the Circuit Court
in October.

The grand jurors were John Ballinger, Jesse Roberts, Will-
iam Diggs, Arrasbee Diggs, John Way, Jonathan Edwards, Isaac
Wright, William Wright, William Kennedy, Jesse Johnson,
James Massey, Travis .\dcock, William Way, Sr., Daniel Petty.

PETIT JDRORS.

Paul W. Way, Samuel Lee, James Jacobs, William Way, Jr.,
Jonathan Heath, Jesse Green, Solomon Wright, Meshaoh Lew-
allyn, David Stout, Joshua Cox, Abraham Wright.

Some account in detail of these jurors: Jonathan Ballinger,
foreman, died soon after. He was a resident of West River
settlement.

William Diggs (then called old iBilly Diggs) was father of
Armsbee Diggs, also a juryman. William Diggs has been dead
a long time. There is now a William Diggs, a very old man —
not, however, that William Diggs, but his son — who is nearly
ninety years old.

William Way, Sr., had also three sons on the same jury —
Paul W., John and William, Jr. Old William lived to a great
age, and died at Newport, Wayne County, (Fountain City) some
years ago.

John Way lived and died in Winchester. His son, Jesse,
still resides there.

Paul W. Way lived and died in Winchester. His children are
all dead but his oldest son, William M. Way, who lives in Illinois,
and his oldest daughter, Anna, the wife of Nathan Reed. [Mrs.
Reed is dead]. Isaac and Jacob Wright, two of three who were
triplets, emigrated West years ago.

William Kennedy lived southeast of Winchester and died
about 1870.

James Massey was an old man, and died soon after. He
lived in (Jackson or) Ward Township. His son-in-law, James
Smith, was Commissioner two or three terms. His sons left the
county early. One of them was Associate Judge of Grant
County a term or two. [Note — A James Massey settled in
Nettle Creek, who may have been the same man].

Jesse Roberts we can say nothing of.

Jonathan Edwards died a few years ago one mile south
of Winchester.

Jesse Johnson lived and died a half-mile south of Lynn. He
came to the county in 1817 (or sooner).

Travis Adcock lived in the south part of the county. He
afterward had his name changed to Travis Emery. The resi-
dents near Lynn say Travis Adcock (Emery) removed to Iowa
about 1837.

Daniel Petty lived on the Moorman Way place. In 1826 or
1827, he moved to Walnut Level, where he was living a few
years ago.

Joshua Cox lived and died east of Winchester, where his sons,
Andrew and Joel, still live (or did a few years ago).

Samuel Lee was an old man, and died in 1827.

Jonathan Heath we can give no account of.

Meshach Lewallyn was an old man, with a large family of
sons and daughters. He lived at Ridgeville, and built a mill
there. [Lewallyn seems to have been a resident of Randolph,
August, 1817].

Mr. Smith says : '* The Connor trading post, Lewallyn's
mill, the building of pirogues and fiatboats, the killing of two
Indians, and the (somewhat frequent) 'mistakes' in killing hogs
in the woods, constituted the chief interest in Ridgeville life in

those days." Mr. Smith would seem to be in error as to the
location of David Connor at Ridgeville.

James Jacobs there is no account of. Mr. Jacobs was a set-
tler on the Mississinewa.

David Stout moved to Delaware County ; built a mill on
White River, and laid out Smithfield near his mill.

FIRST CIRCUIT COURT.

The first court was held at the house of William Way, Octo-
ber 12, 1818, Associate Judges Edwards and Wright. James
Rariden was admitted to the bar and appointed Prosecuting
Attorney. The grand jury were impaneled and discharged for
lack of business with an ajlowance of 75 cents each.

The petit jury was not impaneled. The court allowed Mr.
Rariden $12. There were no cases and the grand jury re-
turned no indictments. Adjourned to the next term.

The second court was held May 7, 1819, at Charles Conway's
house.

John A. Daly was admitted to the bar. James Rariden ws,:
made prosecutor.

Mr. Daly was the brother of George Daly, and the latter
was the father of ex-Sheriff W. A. W. Daly, residing near Lynn.

Mr. Rariden is the same famous " Old Jim Rariden," so
well known ever since.

GRAND .TORORS FOR MAY, 1819.

John Wright (Hominy), Isaac Wright, David Stout, Joshua
Cox. James Wright, William Haworth, John Wright (Bl.), James
Massey, David Haworth, William Wright, Tence Massey, Armsbee
Diggs, Jonathan Hiatt. Five of the above are Wrights. They
found no bills, and were discharged the same day. No cases
were pending in this court.

Third court, September 10, 1819. John Watts presiding
Judge of the Third Circuit, and Associate Judges Edwards and
Wright.

GRAND .TORORS FOR SEPTEMBER, 1819.

Paul Beard, Benjamin Cox, John James, Paul W. Way,
Meshach Lewallyn, Abram Peacock, William Blount, Travis
Adcock, David Bowles, Thomas Parker, Bphraira Overman, Jr..
John Cammack, Abner Overman, Isaac Wright, Jesse Cox, John
Thomas, Jesse Ballinger. No bills were found ; jury discharged
same day. One cai3e in court, an appeal from Esquire Moor-
man, Greensfork Township. Cause dismissed.

Up to the third term of court no trial, and but one judicial
decision, viz., the dismission just named.

commissioners' COURT — CONTINUED.

Board of Commissioners held second term at the house of
Benjamin Cox, November 1818. Appointments: Jesse John-
son, County Treasurer, one year.

Overseers of Poor— Francis Frazier, John Thomas, Greens-
fork; John Way, John Wright, White River.

Constable — Jonathan Edwards, White River ; Abner Over-
man, Greensfork.

Viewers— John Wright, William Diggs, Joshua Cox, White
River; Joshua Wright, Lsaac Kinley, David Bowles, Greens-
fork.

Superintendents School Section— William Hockett, Towns 18
and 19, Range 14; James Massey, Town 21, Range 14; John
Way, Town 20, Range 14.

Board granted license to William Connor to sell merchandise
one year — first store in county. Section 10, Town 18, Range
14 (between Snow Hill and Winchester). Special term held
December 6, 1818, to let court house and jail (see Public Build-
ings).

Third regular session was held February, 1819. George
Bowles was made Lister (Assessor) for the county.

Fourth term Commissioners' Court held May, 1819, George

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Bowles made his report and was allowed $10 for assessing the
county.

Levy on every horse, beast, etc., 25 cents. And this was all
in 1819 (for county taxes).

Jesse Johnson, Treasurer, reported — Received taxes, $20 ;
paid out, §20.

It were enough to make the heads of the present tax-ridden
population whirl to think how different matters are now.

First road laid out May, 1819 (see Roads).

August, 1820, Commissioners organized all the territory
northward, probably to the State line, into a township, calling it
Wayne (see elsewhere).

November, 1819, Treasurer reported — Receipts, $260 ; ex-
penditure, $259.75.

February, 1820, Abner Overman, Lister.

May, 1820, Lister reported.

Levy — Each three year old horse, 37?, cents; each house of en-
tertainment, $10.

November 1820, Treasurer reported :

Revenue $152 00

Lots sold 309 G-i

Fine 1 00 $t02.63

Disbursements 437 08

On hand 25 55

As the law then stood, the Commissioners had to fix the rate
of charges at licensed taverns. They did it thus :

Dieting (per meal) .-. 25

Gin (half pint) 28

Brandy 25

Whisky (half pint) 12J

French Brandy 37i

Rum (half pint) 37|

First delinquent list had seventeen names ; amount $11.50.
Up to 1824, Sheriffs were ex-oflScio collectors. The courity busi-
ness was done by three Commissioners. But in 1825, the Board
of Justices began, embracing every Justice in the county, service
gratis. This board had to appoint a Collector each year.

February, 1825, John Coats, Justice, White River, was made
President of the Board.

May, 1825 — Present, Justices John Coats, White River; Geo.
Ritenour, on Mississinewa River ; David Moore, on West River ;
Joshua Wright, on Martinsdale Creek ; David Vestal, on Stony
Creek ; Joseph Hall, on White River (crossing of Lynn road) ;
David Frazier, Greensfork ; Noah Johnson, S. Sample's Mill.

LEVY TAXES.

Poll, 50 cents ; gold watch, $1 ; horse, 37 J cents ; carriage,
50 cents ; ox, 12J cents; liquor license, $5 ; brass clock, 50 cents ;
foreign merchandise, $10 ; silver watch, 25 cents ; town lots
($100), $1 ; covering horse, price of standing.

L.\ND.

One hundred acres (first quality), 25 cents ; 100 acres (sec-
ond quality), 20 cents; 100 acres (third quality), 15 cents.
Treasurer reported :

Liquor License $10 00

Estriiys 3 37 J

Taxes, CoUeotor 502 38} $5f.fi 51^

DisbursemenU 575 70

Due Treasurer $ 9 19

May 1826, rates were charged : Tavern license, $3 ; meal,
18f cents; whisky, 6J cents; peach brandy, 12h cents; rum
or French brandy, 18| cents ; horse (onegallon), 6^ cents ; horse,
all night, 25 cents; lodging, 6^ cents.

May, 1829. Levy — Covering horse, once-anda-half the
price; 100 acres of land, first quality, $1.20 ; 100 acres of land,
second quality, 90 cents; 100 acres of land, third quality, 60
cents; ferry, $2; licensed store, $10; horse, 75 cents;
ox, 37J cents; town lot, 3 per cent; watch, silver, 43J cents ;
watch, gold, $1.50 ; Carriage, $2 ; br,iS3 clock, $1.50.

Treasurer's Report, 1829— Receipts, $817.49; disburse-
ments, $826.93; balance due Treasurer, $9.44.

Thus, after twelve years, the annual county taxes fell shortof
$1,000.

Now we have, one does not know how much — and in all more
than $1.50,000. Then only a few things taxed, now everything !

Treasurer to 1824, Jesse Johnson ; Treasurer to 182,5-29,
John B. Wright; Treasurer, 1829-30, James T. Liston.

The Sheriff was Collector, 1818-24.

Thomas Wright was Sheriff, 1825-27, and was appointed Col-
lector also But for 1828 he was not appointed.

Mr. Smith says (in substance) " I may be allowed to give
the history of that matter.

"J came (for some reason) to Winchester, January 7, 1828.
Board of Justices in session, only three present, Woodworth,
Nelson, Willson. Esq. Nelson wished me to be collector; I told
him 'No, I cannot give security;' he said, 'I will fix that.'
' Well, I will do it then,' said I.

"The board appointed me, and I was sworn in with David
Heaston, John Nelson, and Charles Conway for my security.
In May. 1828, I was elected Teacher at Richmond. I made my
brother, Carey Smith, Deputy, and he did the collection, and I
taught school nine months, being my first and last.

" Revenue collected. $804.38. Commission for collection,
$40."

From 1818 to 1824, Commissioners were elected; 1825-30,
Boards of Justices did the county business.

As the Justices got no pay for this service, their attendance
was very irregular. They would come, for the most part, only
when their neighborhood wished or needed something special, and
then they would go home again. On one occasion the Sheriff
had to go with a subpoena and compel the attendance of two
Justices to forma quorum. Hence, after seven years, the Legis-
lature of 1831, restored the Commissioners, and the county busi-
ness has been done in that way ever since.

COURTS, 1820-30.

During this time, there was but one court of record, consist-
ing of a Presiding Judge and two Associate Judges. The court
could be held by the Presiding Judge alone, or by the Associate
Judges alone, or, of course, by the Presiding Judge, with one or
both Associates. But the Associates could try neither criminal nor
chancery cases. The Associates did the probate business with a
separate record.

Court, April, 1820, Edwards and Wright. One day Charles
Conway took judgment by default against William Connor
(store keeper) for $135, with interest at six per cent, from De-
cember 26, 1818, with costs and charges. The court did not
compute the interest and add it in, but added this clause, "This
execution is entitled to a credit of $1.50, from January 30, 1820."

This was the first judgment ever rendered in the Randolph
Circuit Court, and it was one by the Associates, without a lawyer
so far as appears. The judgment might liave been considered
void for uncertainty of amount. But no advantage was taken of
the defect ( if it were one). Jesse Johnson "stayed the execu-
tion" twelve months, and doubtless the amount was duly paid
sixty-one years ago.

April, 1820. Solomon Wright, Sheriff. Grand Jurors-
William Hunt, foreman, Henry Hill, James Massey, Daniel
Petty, Ephraim Bowen, R. Mclntyre, John Ballinger, Amos
Peacock, Joshua Wright, Isaac Wright, Albert Banta, John
Coats, Thomas Wright. No cases, discharged; 75 cents each.
The next court was held at Charles Conway's, June, 1820. Court
held two days, and had two cases. Grand Jury found one indict-
ment, the first in the county., John P. Huddleston vs. William
Frazier, affray.

October, 1820. Held in court house, one day, no case — no
indictment.

April, 1821. Judges Eggleston, Edwards, Wright. Court

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

sat one day. Frazier was tried and acquitted. A chancery, a
divorce and one appeal case were disposed of.

July, 1821. Associate Judges — two days, Bethuel F. Morris,
Cyrus Finch and Isaac M. Johnson were admitted to the bar, and
Morris was appointed Prosecutor.

He removed to Indianapolis shortly, and became the first
Judge of the Indianapolis Circuit Court. He was the Judge at
the trial at Pendleton (Falls Creek), of the white men convicted
and hung for the murder of some Indians. And he is the Judge
also, against whom some scribbler in a Philadelphia paper of that
day perpetrated the monstrous tale that "went the rounds," to wit :
" He (the writer) came to a hewed log building with a wood-
en chimney, raised a little above the mantel, and the hearth not
filled in. He found a barefooted man sitting on the puncheon
floor near the fire-place paring his nails. By and by a man
came riding up with a deer's-skin hunting skirt on. The other
man (the barefooted man) accosted the 'man on horseback'
'Well, Mr. Sheriff, have you got a jury?' 'Not quite. Judge, I
have nine men caught and tied, and I'll soon have three more.' "
This picture was intended for Pendleton Court House and
Judge Morris, not so far out of the way for the court house, but
a vile caricature of an able and upright Judge, by some Philadel-
phia upstart, prospecting in our far-off Indiana wilderness !

But to the court. Two cases, and Philip Hobaugh made proof
of a pension claim.

October, 1821. No cases, no indictment.
April, 1822. One day, little business.

August, 1822. Judge Eggleston — two days, some business.
April, 1823. One day, three indictments. Charles H. Test,
Lot Bloomfield, and Charles W. Ewing, were admitted to the
bar. Test and Ewing both became Judges afterward.

August, 1823. Court sat two days. Martin M. Ray and
William Steele admitted. Divorce (first one) granted. Huldah
Way from her husband, Nathan Way.

November, 1823. Full bench, two days, three State cases,
two civil suits.

February, 1824, one day, three cases. August 1824, full
bench. Cyrus Finch was appointed Prosecutor; Josiah F. Polke
admitted. Mr. Smith says : "I was at this court, and saw and
heard my first criminal trial and conviction to the penitentiary.
It was a somewhat peculiar case. David Banta had been in-
i-called, i. e., tjiking and killing a
Cyrus Finch prosecuted and James
3 clearly proved that the hog was
; that he took the hog home, cleaned,
and salted it. Judge Eggleston charged the jury that
when he found by the mark that the hog was not his, the as-
portation of tlie hog completed the larceny, if he did that with
the intent of appropriating it to his own use; and that, if the jury
so found, they must bring him in guilty. The jury brought in
this verdict :

" Guilty, as charged in the indictment. We do further find
that the property has been restored, and do fine the defendant
$3 and costs, and that he go to the State prison for one year."
Rariden gave notice of a motion for a new trial and arrest of
^ment, reasons to be filed next morning.

Next morning Judge Eggleston asked Rariden, "Where is
the prisoner ?"

"I have not seen him."
"Call the prisoner."

The bailiff called at the door, "David Banta." three times.
No answer. Rariden ( sotto voce), "My client probably has
some business in Ohio which he wants attended to just now."
Some of the jurors had thought that, as the property had been
restored, the parties should be quits. But the judge held that
recovery of the property did not condone the offense, and gave
indtrment for $3 and costs, and one year in the State prison.
rint I'avid was not there to pay the money, nor to go to prison,
und he has not, to this day, come and done it, nor any part of it.

dieted for 1
marked hog not his own.
Rariden defended. It wa
marked with a mark n

judgmi

That was the first conviction for felony in a Randolph court.
But, though there was a conviction and a sentence, there has
never been, to this day, an execution of the judgment. "

August, 1824. Two days, some dozen cases. February, 1825,
Edwards & Sample, Judges; Oliver H. Smith, Prosecutor. Five
days, half-a-dozen cases. August, 1825, full bench, 0. H.
Smith, Prosecuting Attorney. Two days, four State cases,
two civil cases. February, 1826, full bench. Two days,
eight or ten cases. August, 1826. Amos T^ane, Prosecutor,
full bench. Three days, nine pages uf rcoord. Elijah Ain.iM'?
name appears for tlie first time on the record ( to keep the
peace ). It appears often after this, for, perhaps, twenty-five
years. He has been dead some years. Ele was a wild, troub-
lesome, reckless man. He was reckoned to belong to a gang
of counterfeiters, thieves, etc., with headquarters in the " fallen
timber" in the south part of the county. Old residents of that
region are full of tales of the reckless mischief of Arnold and his
comrades in daring and crime. The gang was broken up after
a long time.

Wilder Potter was also indicted for "mayhem. " The first
slander case was disposed of, defendant acquitted.

February, 1827. Two days, seven pages of record. August,
1827. Full bench. Test, Prosecutor. Wilder tried for mayhem,
convicted, fine $5 and costs, Rariden, defense.

February, 1828. Full bench, two days, nine pages. Second
slander suit, defendant found guilty. August, 1828. Full
bench, two days, ten pages. February, 1829. Three days,
fifteen pages ; M. M. Ray, Prosecutor. Jere Smith first acted as
Deputy Clerk that term, serving thus for ten or eleven years.

August, 1829. Three days, seventeen pages. John D.
Vaughn, John S. Newman and Caleb B. Smith were admitted to
the bar.

"At this term, my old friend, Conway," says Mr. Smith," was
tried for assault and battery. He owned the fact. 'I'll be pun-
ished,' said the old man," 'if I didn't put him out.' Conway,
however, was acquitted by the jury."

This brings the history of the courts up to 1830.

OFFICIALS, 1818-1830.

It may not be amiss to devote a chapter to the detailed oSicial
history of the county, up to the limit just named.

The commissioners were as follows :

Benj. Cox, 1818-20; Eli Overman, 1818-20; John James,
1818-24; John Wright, 1820-22; Zachanah Puckett, 1820-22;
David Bowles, 1822-23; Daniel Blount, 1823-24; David
Stout, 1823-24.

PRESIDENTS, BOARD JUSTICES.

John Coats, 1825-26; Samuel D. Woodworth, 1826-29;
John Odie, 1828-31.

Justices, attending more or less, 1825-31 :

George Ritenour, Wm. Hunt, Wm. Rowe, David Frazier,
Wm. Massey, John Nelson, Noah Johnson, Jesse B. Wright,
Geo. T. Willson, Isaac Barnes, Samuel Woodworth,- Daniel B.
Miller. John Odle, Curtis Voris, John Jones, David B. Semans,
John Coats.

ASSOCIATE JUDGES.

William Edwards, 1818-34; John Wright, 1818-46.

SHERIFFS.

David Wright, 1818-19; Solomon Wright 1820-24; Thomas
Wright, 1825-1827.

Charles Conway, 1818-39.

TREASURERS (APPOINTED BY COMMISSIONERS).

Jesse Johnson, ]818'-24; John B.Wright, 1825-29; James
T. Listen, 1829-30.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

At a special term of Commissioners' Court, December 6, 1818,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the building of a court house and jail was let — the first to Abner
Overman lor $254.50, the second to Albert Banta for ^125— to be
completed in eighteen months. The court house was to be 18x24,
hewed log and two stories. The jail was to be 14x18 feet, of
.-iquare hewed logs, thirteen inches on each face, floored above and
below, and also a middle floor all of the same timber, two stories,
each six feet high in the clear.

In October, 1820, the court house and jail were received by
'he Commissioners. There was no outer door to the lower story
of the jail, but its only entrance was a trap-door from the upper
story, and that was entered by a short flight of stairs and a door
at the top of the stairs.

In 1826, the Commissioners thought the county needed anew
courthouse, which was the truth. In July, 1826, Paul W. Way
was appointed to let the contract for the new building, which he
did, and it was finished in 1828.

The old log court house was sold (with the lot No. 7) in 1829
or 1830.

The public square, three and one-half acres, was cleared about
1820, by David Lasley, a young man who had lately come to the
county. The" timber was very heavy, sugar-tree, oak, beech,
lickory, etc. Some of the trees were three or four feet through.
He says it took him three or four days to get a hole in the woods
large enough for the sun to shine on the ground. He did the job
alone and it took him three and one-half months. He got ^35
for the job, boarding himself and working often far into the
night.

It was winter when he burned it, and there had come snow,
and to burn it was almost impossible. He says that Moorman
Way got $70 for putting new trees in the square, just twice as
Uiuch as he got for taking the old ones off.

The original jail was still in use as a jail in 1846, and for
years afterward (till 1856). That block-house jail was all Ran-
dolph had for thirty -six years.

The second court house did not prove a good job, and the
Commissioners sold it, and from that time till 1877, Randolph
County had no courthouse.

Some years before (1856) two buildings had been erected, one
for a jail and one for county offices, brick, two stories. The
courts were held in Ward's Hall, on the north side of the public

However, in 1875, the Commissioners, Thomas Clevinger, F.
G. Morgan and Philip Barger, let the contract for a new court
aouse to A. J. Campfield ; architect, J. C. Johnson, Fremont,
Ohio, for $73,000. The building was completed in 1877 with-
out the changing of a single dollar in specifications or estimates.
What may now seem strange, it was yet a fact, that very strong
opposition was made to the measure and a fierce furor of denun-
.'iation took .place, in so much that, when two of the Board,
Messrs. Morgan and Clevinger, were presented as candidates for
renomination by the Republican party, they were defeated be-
cause they had been guilty of contracting to build that said court
house. But the court house was built nevertheless, and there it
stands to-day, the pride and glory of the county, of its architect,
and of the Commissioners who had back-bone enough to go for-
vard and secure its construction. It is, indeed, a gem of beauty,
r marvel of taste and elegance and of cheapness as well. A man
might sooner be the architect of that edifice than be President of
the United States, or King of England. A President may be
only an ordinary man, and a kiag may be a dunce or a madman ;
but for such a building as that, only genius the most wonderful
."ould conceive, and skill the most consummate could design and
-xecute so beautiful and artistic a structure. It has been justly
pronounced by good judges to be one of the finest buildings in the
State.

One of the Commissioners has since said (and doubtless the
others would say the same), that he is not sorry for the part ho
ook in the transaction, and that if he had the thing to determine
ugain he would do just as he did before.

Say what one will as to the time or manner of construction,
none can deny that it is one of the most beautiful edifices in the
whole land, and well worth the money it cost, and now stands an
honor to the county to which it belongs.

It has been claimed since its erection, that two very serious
draw-backs and defects exist — that it is not fire proof, and that
no sufficient provision was made for heating the building.

If these things be true, they are indeedserious objections, and
mistakes that should not have been committed.

The necessity of fire-proof arrangements for the security of
the public records is, indeed, the grand, unanswerable, overwhelm-
ing reason for the construction of costly public buildings, and no
expense should be spared which is really essential to the attain-
ment of that end. And careless or defective flues are in a vast
number of cases, the cause of the conflagrations that so often bring
dismay, and widespread desolation upon the dwellers of the
county.

The corner-stone of the new court house was laid in the pres-
ence of a crowd estimated at 8,000 people.

The following documents were deposited thereunder, viz.:

Copy of the Holy Bible.

Roll of officers and members of Winchester Lodge, No. 56,
F. A. M.

Reports of Grand Masonic bodies, 1874-75.

Masonic Directory for Winchester.

Copy of each paper published in the county.

Copy of Winchester Patriot, first paper published in Ran-
dolph County, dated October, 1843.

Report of Superintendent of Winchester Schools, 1874.

Premium list of Randolph County Fair, 1875.

Names of Judges and officets of the Circuit Court.

Names of county officers and members of the bar.

Names of corporation of officers of Winchester.

Copy of Hon. John E. Neff^s speech on the Civil History of
Randolph County, delivered at the laying of the corner-atone.

Coins and medals.

Copy of contract for first court house.

Names of members of the Richmond Comraandery and cornet
band present.

Among others on the stand were David Wysong, who built the
first court house ; David Lasley, who cleared the public square
of the native forest ; and John Coats, who, at that time, was
thought to be the oldest citizen of the county — eighty-eight years
old.

Material — Stone, brick and iron.

Exterior — Stone, pressed brick and galvanized iron.

Mansard Roof — Slate.

Rooms — First floor as follows : Auditor's office, two rooms ;
Clerk's office, two rooms ; Recorder's office, two rooms. Two
iron stairways — one large, one small. A large hail lengthwise.
A hall crosswise. Four iron doors at the ends of the halls. The
halls have tile marble floors, black and white. Second floor as
follows : A large hall opening into the various rooms. A large
court room ; several other rooms for various purposes.

Construction — Rubble stone foundation with various rubble
stone walls along and across the basement ; entrance, step-stone ;
wall.i, pressed brick, with cut stone finish ; stairways and outer-
doors, iron ; cornice, dormer windows, etc., galvanized iron ;
deck-roofs, etc., tin ; mansard roof, slate ; framing timber, solid
pine ; floors and inside floor, ash ; inner doors, pine ; court room
painted in frescoe.

Cost (without heating) $73,000 ; compensation of architect,
three per cent ; cost of heating apparatus. $4,900.

NEW JAIL.

The Commissioners are now (March, 1881) making provi-
sion an<i arrangements for the construction of a new jail, at a
cost of between $30,000 and $40,000. They have purchased oi-
Martin A. Reeder, south of the Franklin House, on the east side

J^f.,^ mf^'^-^^-

"T^

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

of Main street, a lot for $1,200, and the intention is to proceed
to the erection of the building during the present summer, and
the expectation is, that it will be substantially and thoroughly
built with modern methods of strength and security for the deten-
tion and safe keeping of the persons confined within its walls, not
to the neglect, however, of their health and bodily comfort. The
following are (in substance) the specifications for its construc-
tion :

At the April session, 1881, the building of the jail (and
SheriflTs dwelling) was let to A. G. Campfield, contractor, ac-
cording to specifications by Hodson, Architect, to be completed
by December, 1881.

Cost of building, $34,600; compensation of architect, three
per cent ; dimensions of jail, forty-five by fifty-eight feet ;
sheriff's residence, fifty-four by twenty-nine and a half feet ;
foundation, rubble work ; prison floors, stone flagging ; mansard
roof, covered with slate ; prison proper, iron cells with passageway
seven feet wide all around them inside the outer walls, and a cen-
tral hall nine feet wide; cornices, chimney-caps, etc., galvanized
iron ; glass, AA double strength ; windows, grated with heavy
twisted and riveted iron bars. Upper tier of cells reached by
corridors, extending from the stair-cases in the hall, between the
jail and the Sheriff's residence. The hospital is over the jail
proper, in the second story (in the mansard roofj, the lower
story being sixteen feet high and including both tiers of prison
cells. The cells open into the inner h_3,ll, and have grated un-
glazed openings for light, heat and ventilation. The hospital
department contains a hospital room and two or three bed-rooms,
besides some others.

The sherilTs residence has three stories (with the roof). On
the first floor are sitting room, kitchen, parlor, office, hall and
stairway, and two other small rooms for no special purpose. On the
second floor are two large rooms and two small rooms, the juve-
nile and the female departments, each of the latter two having two
cells apiece, and a larger room to each department. The whole
building is to be heated by steam from the court house engine,
400 feet away. Great improvements, so reckoned, and great ex-
pense as well, in jail construction, have been made since the days
of the hewed log jail built in 1819.

Then, log jails at a cost of $100 or less were strong enough
to hold the rogues of that day ; now, whether a jail built wholly
of iron will hold the villains of the present time remains yet to be
tried.

The old adage is, "The world grows wiser and wickeder,"
and many believe the saying to be the truth. It is, at least, the
fact that the shrewdness displayed, both in the commission of
crime and the evasion of its penalty, is perfectly amazing. The
building is now (July, 1882) completed and in use. The heat-
ing from the court house proved a failure. A separate engine
for the jail is now employed.

SUPPOEt OF POOR.

Some provision was made in the first days of the state for the
poor. For many years, however, there was no County Asylum.
Thirty years probably elapsed before Randolph County did more
than to give outside aid, or to " hire out " or to "bind out " pau-
pers or pauper children. One curious fact appears, that for
some years a man was paid for keeping his own mother as a pauper.
After that she was " sold out " to another party, who would
keep her cheaper than her own son would do it.

Overseers were appointed by law to attend to the poor and
afford needful help. The law required these ofiBcers to " farm
out" such as were paupers, on the first Monday in May, allow-
ing, however, the money to be paid, when judged proper, to the
pauper himself; and required them, also, to "bind out" all pau-
pers (females) under eighteen and (males) under twenty-one years
of age. Some instances occur in the record of "farming out"
at a very low price, which, however, room for insertion is lack-
ing.

COUNTY INFIRMARY.

Some time previous to 1851, the Commissioners purchased a
tract of land two miles southeast of Winchester, on the Lynn
pike, for a Poor Farm. A dwelling was on the premises, which
for a time was occupied for a Poor House. In March, 1852,
William Fitzgerald was as (also he had previously been) em-
ployed as Superintendent of the Poor House, as follows : $400 a
year, quarterly, in county orders, including food and lodging for
himself and family ; the family to give all their services, except
when "the five younger children" were in school during the
winter season. Before that date two reports are on file, showing
the personal property of the county at the Poor House to be
about $800 and $900 respectively.

In July, 1852, a County Poor Asylum was put under contract,
to bo completed by December, 1852 ; contractor, Joseph John-
son. Dimensions, 65x40 feet, 12 feet high, 16 rooms below, hall
12 feet wide lengthwise the building, and another hall 7 feet
wide the other way, with rooms also above. Cost, $1,750. This
building was burned down in a few years and another one was
erected not long after, which is now standing. The first was
built of wood but the second is of brick, having two stories. It
is lari;e and commodious, being reasonably adapted to its pur-
poses.

The cost of maintaining the poor at the Poor Asylum and
otherwise during the years 1868, 1877 and 1880, is given below :
1868 (year ending May 31), $1,369.57 (probablv excluding
Superintendent's salary); 1877, $4,415.99; 1881, $5,998.22.
One would suppose there must be sonie error in the statement of
cost of maintaining the poor for 1868. We give it, however, as
set down in the annual exhibit for that year, as spread upon the
Commissioners' record at the time.

superintendents' poor asylum.
William H. Fitzgerald, from beginning to 1855 ; Simon Gray,
from 1855 to 1857; Jeremiah Cox, from 1857 to 1859;
Thomas McConoohay, from 1859 to 1861 ; Elias Kizer, from
1861 to 1866; Jonathan Edwards, from 1866 to 1869; Amos
Hall, from 1869 to 1878; Madison Hill, from 1878 to 1879;
Amos Hall, from 1879 to 1882.

TOWNSHIPS— ORGANIZATION.

QREENSFORK TOWNSHIP

was organized in 1818 by David Wright, Sheriff, appointed by
Gov. Jennings for that purpose. It included the whole south-
ern half of the county. The north line of the township was a
line one mile south of the line between Townships 19 and 20.
The northwest part of Greensfork for one and a half miles
reaches that line still. The north line of the rest of the town-
ship is one mile farther south. This division remained during
1818 and 1819. November, 1819, West River was erected, in-
cluding " all that part of Greensfork lying west of the west
line of Section 16, Township 18, Range 14." This line is two
and one-half miles west of the present west line of Green's Fork
Township. Washington was afterward formed on the west, tak-
ing off two and a half miles, and Wayne on the north, taking
one mile on the north (except for one and a half miles) in the
northwest quarter of Greensfork, leaving that township as at
present.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP

was created in 1818 by David Wright, Sheriff, before the organ-
ization of the county and preparatory thereto. It included the
whole of the county north of the line between Greensfork and
White River as above stated.

[Note. — The county at that time itself extended only west
and north to the outer boundary of the twelve-mile strip, com-
monly called the " new boundary."]

August, 1820, Ward Township was formed, taking all that
part of White River nOrth of the line between Townships 20 and

IIFSTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

21, leaving White River on the north line as it is now. About
this time (1820), the boundaries of the county had been enlarged
to take in what it includes at present west of the twelve-mile
boundary and Delaware County, and Grant County and all the
State northward from Randolph County were attached thereto for
temporary judicial purposes. Liberty Township (now in Dela-
ware County), was erected in 1825. Delaware was made a sepa-
rate county in 1827, and Grant in 1831.

Stony Creek was set off July, 1826, embracing at first Town-
ships 19, 20 and 21, Range 12, and perhaps the north half of
Township 18. Green and Monroe were afterward formed, and
the boundary of Stony Creek moved one mile eastward, making
White River stand as it now does.

WARD TOWNSHIP

was created August, 1820, and included all the county north of
the line between Sections 20 and 21, to wit: All the present town-
ships of Jackson, Ward, Franklin and Green (if the boundaries
of the county had then been extended to its present limits, which
is probable.) In fact, the general formation of counties in (this
part of) the purchase of 1818, and the final establishment of the
bounds of Randolph County were made by the Legislature at the
session commencing December, 1819.

The other three townships were cut off subsequently, leaving
to Ward its present limits.

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP

was created July, 1826. It embraced Townships 19, 20 and 21,
Range 12 (and, one would suppose), the north half of Township
18. Liberty Township, including perhaps Delaware County, had
been formed on the west side of what is now Randolph, in 1825,
and Stony Creek embraced the entire west side of Randolph
County. It then included (probably) all of Nettle Creek Town-
ship, the most of Stony Creek and the larger western parts of
Monroe and Green. Nettle Creek, Monroe and Green were in
due time created with their prescribed limits. The limits of
Stony Creek were also enlarged on the east by taking a mile
from White River, and thus Stony Creek became as she stands
at the present writing.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP (NORTU).

Note 1. — In August, 1820 (at the same time that Ward was
out off from White River), a township was created, extending
northward indefinitely from (probably) the present north line of
the county, perhaps to the north end of the State, and named
Wayne Township. Mr. Smith says : " The Commissioners ap-
pointed the place of election at the house of Dr. William Turner,
at Fort Wayne. They made Ezra Taylor Inspector, and
directed an election to be held for the choice of two Justices and
one Constable." This territory (as we think), was wholly outside
what is now Randolph County.

LIBERTY TOWNSHIP (DELAWARE COUNTY).

Note 2. — As to " Liberty Township " Mr. Smith wr'tes :
"In the May term of 1825, David Rowe was allowed $1.50
for making return of the election of two Justices of Liberty
Township. From this and from ray recollection, I can say that
in January, 1825, either the whole or the east part of Delaware
County was made into Liberty Township. The township con-
taining Smithfield is still called Liberty. And as Daniel Stout
had been County Commissioner in Randolph, and had moved to
what is now Delaware County, built a mill and laid out Smith-
field, I presume he had that county erected into Liberty Town-
ship. There were but few inhabitants in that region, and
David Rowe, who brought the election returns, lived pretty well
up on Prairie Creek, at least six miles from Smithfield. Also,
May, 1826, John J. Deeds, who had settled on White River and
built a mill above Smithfield, was appointed Supervisor on the
West Fork of White River from the mouth of Cabin Creek to

Mont-see-town, as the Indians cafod it. Hence " Mont-see-
town" was then (May, 18t26) in Li„,rty Township and in Ran-
dolph County as well."

John Sample was at the same time made supervisor on West
Fork of White River from Sampletown to the mouth of Creek. It
should be. stated that the Legislature had declared the West Fork
of White River to be a navigable stream, and had ordered it to be
worked as such. Thus, up to 1830, the townships stood as stated
below :

Greensfork, 1818 ; Ward, 1820; White River, 1818; Stony
Creek, 1826 ; Wayne (outside, north), 1820 ; Liberty (outside,
west), 1825.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP, 1831.

Was erected at the term in May, 1831, beginning at the
corner between Sections 14 and 15, Township 18, Range 14 ;
thence north eight miles ; then west seven miles ; thence south
eight miles ; thence east seven miles to the place of beginning.

The line between Washington and West River was then ex-
actly through Huntsville north and south, and the line between
Greensfork and Washington was half a mile west of the present

In September, 1834, half a mile was taken from the west side
of Greensfork and attached to the east side of Washington.

West River was created at the same time (1881) and extended
to the Delaware line. It embraced all west of the west line of
Washington Township, i. e., the west half of the present town-
ship of West River, westward from a line north and south through
Huntsville, all of Nettle Creek Township and two miles at the
south end of the present Stony Creek Township.

west river township, 1831.

Was first formed May, 1881, embracing at that time all west
of Huntsville, and eight miles from north to south, including
thus the west part of West River, all of Nettle Creek and two
miles at the south end of the present Stony Creek Township.

In January, 1835, West River Township was made to be
thus: Beginning at the southwest corner of Township 19, Range
13, and extending northward seven miles, and four miles east-
ward, the east line being one mile west of the present line of
West River.

Afterward one mile was taken from the west side of Wash-
ington and attached to the east side of West River, making West
River and Washington as at present.

JACKSON township, 1833.
first laid out by the Commissioners at the November

Wa

term, 1833. The bounds of the township at first were all of what
is now Jackson and Wayne Townships. But in September,
1838, Wayne Township was cut off from Jackson, leaving Jack-
son, Greensfork and Wayne as they are at present.

Before that ( September, 1834) half a mile was taken from
the west side of Greensfork, and attached to the east side of
Washington.

GREEN township, 1834.

Was created in January, 1834, embracing its present limits
and two and a half miles of what is now the north part of Mnn-
roe. Afterward Monroe was formed from parts of Green and
Stony Creek, leaving Green as it now appears on the map.

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP, 1835.

Was created January, 1835, lying in Range 12, and extend-
ing seven miles north from the Wayne County line, and including
one mile at the south end of what is now Stony Creek. After-
ward ( probably when Monroe was formed ) one mile was given
to Stony Creek from the north end of Nettle Creek, making
Stony Creek to stand as it now does.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP, 1838.

Was formed September, 1838, being cut off from the south

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

end of Jackson Township, and leaving Jackson as it now
stands.

MONROE TOWNSHIP.

Was in existence in 1851 and must have been created before
that time. It was formed by taking parts of Stony Creek and
Green Townships, and Stony Creek was extended southward by
taking two miles from the north end of Nettle Creek Township.

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP, 1859.

Was created with its present limits, in June, 1859, being cut
from the west side of Ward Township, leaving Ward as it is
found at the present time, Franklin being the last township formed
in the county.

UNION TOWNSHIP, 1838.

Union Township was created by the Commissioners in March.
1838, four miles square, at the north end of West River, leaving
West River four miles square. A remonstrance was afterward
presented against the formation of Union Township, and it is to
be presumed that the township was dissolved asi t is not now in
existence, though no record has been found of such action on the
books of the Commissioners.

Union Township included the village of Unionsport. Why
action was taken for so small a township, and what was to be
done with the remainder of West River, deponent saith not.
Both Union and West River were far too small. The name,
Union, would seem to indicate some connection between the for-
mation of the new township and the " community " movement
which established Unionsport Village about that time.

SALAMONIE TOWNSHIP, 1834.

Salamonie Township (Jay County), was erected by the
Randolph Commissioners September, 1834, embracing all of Jay
County (then a part of Randolph). Jay County was formed by
the Legislature shortly afterward. Allen County had been laid
off before and Blackford was made a few years later.

MADISON TOWNSHIP.

Madison Township (Jay County), was erected in May, 1835,
embracing five miles on the east side of Jay County. Jay Coun-
ty was afterward organized, including Salamonie and Madison
Townships.

CREATION OF TOWNSHIPS, 1818-1859.

Greensfork, formed 1818, brought to present form, 1834.

White River, formed 1818.

Ward, formed 1820, brought to present form 1859.

Stony Creek, formed 1826.

Washington, formed 1831.

West River, formed 1831.

Jackson, formed 1833, present form 1838.

Green, formed 1830.

Nettle Creek, formed 1835.

Wayne, formed 1838, in its present form.

Monroe, formed before 1850.

Franklin, formed 1859, in its present form.

Union, formed 1838, remonstrance, organization dropped.

Wayne (northern regions), 1820.

Liberty (Delaware), 1825.

Salamonie (Jay), 1834.

Madison (Jay), 1835.

TOWNSHIPS AS NOW LOCATED.

On the north side of the County are four townships, making
a strip across the north side of six miles wide, except Green,
which is four and one-half miles wide. They are arranged thus,
reckoning from the west :

Green, six and one-half miles east and west and four and one-
half miles north and south.

Franklin, six miles north and south and four miles east and
west.

Ward, six miles square.

Jackson, six miles north and south and about five and one-
eight miles east and west.

On the south side of the county are four townships, bounded
on the north by an irregular line, with location and size as fol-
lows, beginning at the east side of the county :

Greensfork, six and one-eighth miles from east to west and
about seven miles from north to south, with a corner in the north-
western part, one mile north and south and one-half mile east
and west.

Washington, eight miles from north to south and five and
one-half miles from east to west.

West River, eight miles from north to south and five miles
from east to west.

Nettle Creek, seven miles from north to south and four and
five-eighths miles from east to west.

Through the middle of the county are four townships as fol-
lows, beginning at the east :

Wayne, five miles from north to south and about five and
one-eighth miles from east to west.

White River, seven miles from north to south and ten miles
from east to west, and also a strip at the southwest four miles
from north to south and one mile from east to west.

Monroe, four and one-half miles from north to south and six
and five-eighths miles from east to west.

Stony Creek, five miles from north to south and five and five-
eighths miles from east to west, excepting one square mile in the
southeast corner.

Area of townships : Green, 30 square miles, 19,200 acres ;
Franklin, 24 square miles, 15,360 acres ; Ward, 36 square miles,
23,040 acres; Jackson, 30| square miles, 19,680 acres; Wayne,
41 square miles, 26,240 acres : White River, 74 square miles,
47,360 acres; Monroe, 30 square miles, 19,200 acres; Stony
Creek, 27 J square miles, 17,360 acres ; Nettle Creek, 32J square
miles, 20,720 acres ; West River, 40 square miles, 25,600 acres ;
Washington, 44 square miles, 27,560 acres; Greensfork, 47J
square miles, 30,160 acres. Total area of county, 457J square
miles, 292,480 acres (approximation).

ROADS AND BRIDGES.

There were, at first, no roads. Every man picked his way
according to his own fancy, as a hunter roams through the woods.
The earliest regular track, perhaps, through the Randolph forest
of any considerable length, was the " Quaker Trace," opened by
the settlers of Richmond and vicinity, to get an outlet to Fort
Wayne for trade with the Indians.

Squire Bowen says : " The ' Quaker Trace ' was begun in
1817. James Clark and twenty-five or thirty others took three
wagons with provisions and a surveyor with his compass and chain
and measured distances and blazed trees and marked mile trees,
cutting out the road wide enough for a wagon to pass. They wound
around ponds and big logs and trees, and quagmires, forded the
Mississinewa and the Wabash, and so on to Fort Wayne. James
Bowen went as one of the company twenty-five miles to beyond
the Mississinewa Crossing, till one wagon load had been used"up.
That team returned, and James came back with them. The
route passed through Arba, Spartansburg, Bartonia, South Saleja,
(west of) Union City, through Mount Holly, through Allens-
ville, crossing the Mississinewa just north of that place, through
North Salem, and crossing the Wabash at Jay City, Jay County,
near Corydon. There was but one house between (what is now)
Dan Comer's, one mile north of Spartansburg and Fort Wayne,
viz., at Thomson's Prairie, eight miles north of the Wabash."

This road or trace was, for a long time, a famous thorough-
fare, being known far and near, and it obtained much travel.
Most of it came to be at length a public highway, and
much of it remains so to this day. Except the " Quaker Trace,"

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

there were, up to May, 1819, no regular traveled roads. There
•were simply blazed paths, or tracks haphazard through the woods
wherever a settler might happen to go.

FinST ROADS.

At the se.ssion of the Board of County Commissioners, held
May, 1819, Jesse Johnson and others, residents of the south
part of the county, petitioned for a road as follows :

Beginning at Winchester, thence the nearest and best way to
go between Jesse Johnson's and Paul Beard's, thence the nearest
and best way to the county line at the southwest corner of Sec-
tion 14, Township 18, Range 14. The petition was granted
and the road was laid. It took chiefly the route now the Win-
chester and Lynn pike and southward to the county line.

The second road was from Winchester west to the boundary,
August, 1819.

The third road was ordered at the same time, August, 1819,
from Winchester through Bloomingport to Wayne County line.

The fourth road was the extension of the " Lawrenceburg
road " from the house of Ephraim Overman to that of William
Yates (August, 1819) [the road through Arba northward].
William Yates entered the north half. Section 9, Township Itf,
Kange 1, northwest of Spartansburg.

The fifth road was from West River settlement to Winchester,
August, 1819.

The sixth road was from Economy to Huntsville.

The seventh road (February, 1820) was from Winchester to
Fort Recovery. This road is not now in use.

The eighth road (May, 1820), was from Winchester to John
Foster's (Griifis farm). This afterward became substantially
the State road to Muncie, Indianapolis, etc., the route, however,
beini; somewhat changed.

[Note. — The John Foster or Griffis farm, on Sections 2.5, Town
17, Range 1, Wayne Township, was entered in 1817 by Cheno-
with].

The ninth road (May, 1820), was from Sample's Mill to
Huntsville. [Sample's Mill was on White River west of Winches-
ter, somewhat east of the " twelve mile boundary]."

The tenth road (August, 1820), was laid out from Winchester
to Ridgeville.

[Note— The County Records of 1821-2.5 are mostly lost.]

The next road on record (call it the eleventh') is from Sam-
ple's Mill to Lewallyn's Mill (Ridgeville\ May, 1825.

The twelfth road (May, 1825) was from southeast corner
Section 3.5, Township 16, Range 1 west, to Obadiah Small's.
The point of beginning is on the county line two miles east of
Arba, and Obadiah Small owned the land that Spartansburg now
stands on. This road is thought to be the one now running from
Bethel, Wayne County, by " Pinhook," Charles Crist',s, and
Jeremiah Middleton's to Spartansburg.

The thirteenth road was from the State line north of Union
City to Ridgeville, via Deerfield.

The fourteenth road was from (the direction of) Dalton
through Losantville to Windsor.

The fifteenth road (November, 1827) was from the Win-
chester and Lynn road, west through Bloomingsport to Hunts-
ville.

The sixteenth road was (September, 1828) from Huntsville, by
Hunt's, Rook's and Vestal's to the county line west of Vestal's
house.

The "Quaker Trace" began to be worked in 1825-28, and
much of it is worked an<l traveled still.

January, 1830. a road was laid from the west end of Hockett's
lane to the Wayne County line, at the southeast corner of " Mar-
tindale's Deadening." A wonderfully, clear and exact descrip-
tion. The settlers knew where the " road " was as easily as the
"boy knew his daddy."

March, 1831. From John Moorman's, via Arba to Ohio
State line.

May, 1881. Road from the southwest corner of Samuel
Smith's fence to the crcssway south of Jackson's, thence to the
new road at the north end of William Smith's laue. (Another
description worthy of special notice).

September, 1831. Cartway laid from Winchester across the
ford of White River to Lewallyn's mill.

September, 1832. State road from Winchester to New-
castle.

May, 1833. Richmond and Fort Wayne State Road.

May, 1833. State Road from (toward) Greenville, Ohio,
via Ridgeville and Fairview to Saunders' in Delaware County.

May, 1839. State Road from Winchester via Ridgeville and
Camden to Bluffton, Wells County.

May, 1839. State road from Cambridge to Fort Wayne,

March, 1845. State road from Huntsville through Unions-
port, Macksville and Fairview into Jay County.

March, 1845. State road from Deerfield through Steuben-
ville and Fairview to Granville, Delaware County.

Doubtless many roads have been laid at some time or other
not herein mentioned. Enough are named to give a general
idea of the system of highways established and maintained by the
county for the use of the citizens.

These roads, laid out, as we have said, by public authority,
were opened and worked to some extent, yet for a long time most
of them were but poor indeed. The trees were cut away some-
what, a few bridges were made, and log ways were built in some
places, yet for the most part they were horrid enough. David
Lasley relates in his "reminiscences" how lie (with another man)
built three-quarters of a mile of " log-way" on the road west of
Winchester. As late as 1859 there was one and a quarter miles
of log- way, nearly in one " string," north between Winchester
and Deerfield. Often logs a foot or eighteen inches through
would be laid down and sometimes absolutely nothing on them,
and the wa:^on had to go " bumping" across that continuou.?
log-heap. Each new road would be divided into districts ai
overseer appointed, and " hands" given him for his " gang" to
open and work the highway, e. g., Francis Frazier (bellmaker,
east of Lynn), James Wright and William Ilockett, were appointed
to mark and lay off the road leading through Lynn, which they
did. Albert Banta claimed damages, and John Ballinger, John
Way, William Haworth, Joshua Cox and Henry Hill were chosen
to consider and assess damages. They reported "no damage."
The road was laid, and Paul Beard was made Supervisor of tho
south end and John Elzroth of the north end. Beard had all the
east part Greensfork Township (in the south end of the county)
for his district, and Elzroth had all the north end for his, east of
Sugar Creek.

Paul Beard was a physician, and was called " Old Dr.
Beard," being the grandfather of Elkanah Beard, and he lived
southeast of Lynn.

John Elzroth lived near the "Poor Farm." After residing
in Randolph a long time he moved to the " Reserve," in Gram,
County. In 1871 he came back by rail to Deerfield, and on
foot to Winchester, hale and hearty, then eighty years old. He
was an older brother of Jacob Elzroth, so long a magistrate in
Winchester.

[Note.— Either he or a brother of his died June, 1880, at
Crawfordsville Ind., aged ninety-four years. He was in Ran-
dolph Couuty on a visit five weeks before his death, being then
hale and sprightly].

Dr. Beard's district was eight miles long and about four miles
wide, with thirty-two sections and perhaps thirty road-hands,
and nine miles of road to open and work.

Mr. Elzroth's district was nine to ten miles long and seven
miles, wide, containing sixty-six section and about forty hands
and four and a half miles of road.

All males from eighteen to fifty years had to work two days
each per year, and that was all the road tax there was. Hands
could be hired from 25 to 50 cents a day. Mr. Smith says :

HISTORY 0¥ RANDOLPH COUNTY.

" How does that look by the side of the road-taxes now (leaving
out pikes and railroads)."

And it may be added, how did the " bridle paths" and " log-
ways," " pole bridges" and " mud beds" then compare with the
roads now. It must be confessed that, even now, road work is
often laid out to poor advantage. A better method of highway
labor is sadly needed.

For the second road (west from Winchester) Judge John
Wright was made Supervisor, with all the hands in White River
Township west of Sugar Creek and south of White River.

On the third road (Winchester to Bloomingport) is a point
of some interest, Joseph Gass'. Mr. Smith says : " His house
stood on the north side of a brushy prairie in Section 29, Town
19, Range 14, some three miles north of Bloomingport. He
built there in early days on the main Indian trail between Mun-
cie (an Indian town at that time) to Greenville, where the Indian
annuities were paid from Wayne's treaty in 1795 to 1815 or
1816, at which time the place of payment was changed from
Greenville to Fort Wayne. The Indians traveled from Muncie
(which they called Mont-see-town) up White River on the south
side till they crossed Prairie Creek at its mouth. They then
took a "bee-line" for Greenville, which none but an Indian can
do. The trail passed north of Huntsville and Spartansburg,
and was about as straight as a surveyor could have made it. The
trace was quite a plain one and was much traveled even by whites
in those days.

Joseph Gass was a brother of the Gass who went with Lewis
and Clark across the continent to the mouth of the Columbia River
(1805-07), and who published a journal which he kept on that
expedition. Joseph Gass built and settled on that trace at that
point when there was no white settler from six miles west of
Greenville to " Mont-see-town," and he lo<lged travelers who
passed on that trace, and hence his house was a noted place to
mention on the route of that road. Mr. Smith says he had
often seen him and the house he built there.

The town of Springboro was afterward laid out February
15, 1834, at the point where Joseph Gass lived, but the town was
not a success, and it is now extinct.

[Note. — Jesse Way says Joseph Gass's was not on the " In-
dian trail" but considerbaly south of it.]

Mr. Gass probably settled there before he entered his land.
He was there when the " Way company" came through from
Carolina to White River, March, 1817. But the date of
his land entry is August 11, 1817. How much earlier than
March, 1817, Mr. Gass settled at that place we are not able to
state. He seems to have been one of that enterprising class
quite common in those days, whose activity took the form of trad-
ing with the Indians, which perhaps might have been well enough
except that it often included the practice of selling strong drink
to the poor red men. That business, whether among white men
or Indians, however lucrative it may be to the trader, brings evil
and only evil to him who uses the fearful fluid. And as now,
so of old, the traffic in strong drinks was one great source of
trouble between the settlers and the savages. A sober Indian
was commonly peaceable but a drunken savage was an object of
fear and dread.

However, in those days, the manufacture of intoxicating
liquors and the traffic in them was not regarded as otherwise than
proper and honorable.

The fourth road (north from Arba) was viewed by Ephraim
Bowen, Ephraim Overman, Jr., and David Bowles ; and Jona-
than Small was made Supervisor, with all the hands on Nolan's
Fork and Greenville Creek to work the road. Lawrenceburg, at
the mouth of the Great Miami was then expected to be " the
town " on the Ohio, and roads had been extended f among others)
up White River, past Richmond, to Randolph County line, and it
was called the "Lawrenceburg road."

Of the eighth road (May, 1820, State line to Winchester), Mr.
Smith says :

" In May, 1820, Viewers were appointed to mark out a road
from Winchester to the State line, near Foster's (Griffis farm).
The road was reported and established in August, 1820. John
Coates was made Supervisor from Winchester to the ford of White
River, and Amos Peacock from White River to the State line.
In 1822 or 1823 the Legislature authorized the laying of a State
road from the State line near Foster's, through Winchester to
Indianapolis. Joshua Foster, John Sample and John Way were
appointed Commissioners to lay the road. They took Paul W.
Way for their surveyor, and started from Foster's to run to Win-
chester. But they ran too much south, so they made a " bend "
to the north before reaching White River. But being still toe
far south they veered again northward, west of George Hyatt's,
and came in at the end of Broad ( now Washington ) street and
ran on that street through Winchester. Then diverging to the
south till they got opposite (west of) the middle of the public
square in Winchester, they struck west on the route of the
present State road ( Pike now) to the west side of the county.
Thence down White River (south .side) to Old Town (Indian
town) six miles above Muncie, thence down the river by Ander-
son, Strawtown, etc., to Indianapolis. The county road from
the State line west to Winchester was merged in this Statfi
road." Again Mr. Smith says (of the thirteenth road above): "Sep-
tember, 1825, a road was reported beginning at the Greenville
road northwest from Greenville (Connor's old trace to his trad-
ing post) by Daniel B. Miller's to Lewallyn's Mill. This was
not opened and worked till 1832. February 2, 1832, the Legis-
lature passed an act appointing Daniel B. Miller Commissioner
to lay out a State road from the State line (same point as the
thirteenth road) to Parson's Mill, thence to Lewallyn's Mill, thence
to intersect the Miamisport road, near Sanders', in Delaware
County. Judge Miller appointed me his surveyor, and in Aug-
ust or September, 1832, we began the survey.

We started where Connor's trace crossed the State line, a lit-
tle north of Union City, went nearly straight to the east side of
Deerfield, thence to Parsons' Mill, half mile below Deerfield,
thence to Lewallyn's Mill, near Ridgeville, thence onward be-
yond Emraettsville, keeping in a straight line to Sanders' in
Delaware County, passing north of Fairview. The county road
from the State line to Lewallyn's Mill was merged in this State
road. The road remains substantially as we laid it out, having on it
Middlctown, Deerfield, Ridgeville and Eramettsville."

Of the "Quaker Trace" Mr. Smith says (among other
things ): " One Baker settled at the Wabash Crossing and kcp.
entertainment many years, as also a canoe for crossing the river.
It was a prominent point for a long time." A Mr. Storms set-
tled very early near the Mississinewa Crossing. But at first and
for some years there were none anywhere on the route except a
single house on Thomson's Prairie, as already stated.

[Note Mr. Smith says the "Quaker Trace" was opened in
1818 or 1819. The Bowens say in 1817; which date is correct
we do not know. The Bowens are more likely to be right, since
they lived on the route, and one of them helped to make the

Probably at first the large streams was crossed by fords.

The first road (through Lynn) crossed White River in itn
upper course about a mile north of (old) Snow Hill, and the Ease
Branch of Green's Fork, south of Lynn. The road west to Wind-
sor crossed Cabin Creek near Solomon Wright's, and Stony Creek
east of Windsor. The road north toward Deerfield crossed
White River north of Winchester, and Mississinewa north of
Deerfield.

The State road from Greenville to Winchester crossed Green-
ville Creek east of Bartonia, and White River east of Nathaniel
Kemp's.

The road from Losantville to Windsor would probably cross
Little AVhite River.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The large bridges (if any werf; built) would needs be in tlie
north part of the county, since the large streams were all there.

There are now several large bridges, some of which are of
iron. A bridge crosses the Mississinewa in connection with the
Allensville pike running north. Another one is south of New
Pittsburg. There is one north of Deerfield, one at Ridgeville
and one at Fairview, besides one or two between the two places
last named.

There is a bridge across White River east of Winchester, and
one on each of the pikes leading thence to Union City, one across
White River northwest of Winchester, one still west of that,
one south of Farmland, and one near Parker. There is a large
bridge across Stony Creek east of Windsor on the Winchester
Pike. There are, of course, bridges innumerable across the sev-
eral creeks that course through the county in various directions.

Some of the streams are still crossed by fords, as Cabin Creek
just west of Unionsport, Greenville Creek northeast of Bartonia
{ between Elihu Cammack's and William Macy's ), Salt Creek
northwest of Winchester, Mississinewa east of Ridgeville, and
perhaps many other places.

BRIDGES I.V RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Iron bridge at Fairview, across Mississinewa River, old, Sec-
tion 4, 21, 12, not substantial.

Iron bridge at Ridgeville, Section 12, 21, 12.

Iron bridge over White River, near Stephen Moorman's, on
the line between 15 and 16, 20, 13.

Bridge south of Farmland, over White River, between 19,
20, 13 and 24, 20, 12.

Bridge south of Parker, 29, 20, 12, over White River.

Bridge north of Deerfield, over Mississinewa, between 8 and

9, 21, 14.

Bridge west of Ridgeville, over Mississinewa, between 10 and
11, 21, 13.

Bridge north of Allensville, over Mississinewa, between 9 and

10, 21, 15.

Bridge south of Pittsburg, over Mississinewa, between 12, 21,
14, and 7, 21, 15.

Bridge west of Harrisville, over W^hite River, between 13, 20,
14 and 18, 20, 15.

Bridge ^ast of Winchester, Section 35, 20, 14. over White
River.

Bridge northwest of Winchester, over White River.

Bridge near Maxville, 20, 20, 13 (probably down at present).

Bridge north of Winchester, over White River, 17, 20, 14.

Bridge east of Ridgeville (gone), between 17 and 18, 21, 14.

Bridge north of Steubenville, over Mississinewa, between 11
and 12, 21, 12.

Bridge southeast of Winchester, over Wliite River, on Green-
ville State road.

Bridge over Stony Creek, near Windsor, on the Winchester
Pike.

Bridge over Greenville Creek at State line, 24, 17, 1.

Bridge over Greenville, east of Bartonia, 2(3, 17, 1.

Bridge over Cabin Creek, west of Maxville, 23, 20, 12.

Ford over Greenville Creek, northeast of Bartonia.

Ford over Mississinewa, east of Ridgeville.

Ford over Cabin Creek, west of Unionsport.

IRON liRIDGES IN RANDOLPH COUNTV, 1881.

1. Over Salt Creek in Winchester, on Franklin street.

2. Across Mississinewa, at Ridgeville.

3. Across White River, south of Parker.

4. Across White River, five miles west of Winchester, near
Stephen Moorman's.

5. Across Mississinewa, at Fairview. This is the first iron
bridge in the county : built in 1868.

Road work has been heretofore done under the direction of
Supervisors chosen for each road district, each man -between

eighteen and forty-five having to work the road. A law passed
the Legislature of 1S80-1881 making important and radical
changes, putting the roads into the hands of a new officer styled
Township Superintendent. The law goes practically into effect
April, 1882, since no Superintendent can be appointed until that

MILLS, MACHINERY, ETC.

As to mills, etc., before 1820, we have not been able to gain
any certain or exact information. There were some mills built
on Nolan's and Green's Forks ( as, also, some horse-mill corn-
crackers and hominy-pounders ).

William Smith, father of Hon. Jeremiah Smith, built a mill
in 1819, on West River. Meshach Lewallyn built one at
Ridgeville on Mississinewa, about the same time. J ere Cox
erected one on White River, some miles east of Winchester,
in 1825. Jessop had a mill on Greenville Creek as soon as
1820 or before. Aaron Hill's father, as also a Mr. Hawkins, in
the region of Arba, had hominy-pounders, and perhaps, corn-
crackers, run by horse-power, shortly after the first settlers
came. However, Aaron Hill's father came to this county in
1831.

Jesse Way says he thinks the first water mill in the county
was built by John Wright, on Salt Creek, just north of Win-
chester, in 1818 or 1819.

But to find exact dates, and to determine the locations of
those early mills, has been a difficult, and in many cases an im-
possible task. In the statement herein given, locality has been
followed rather than priority of ijate; and no doubt many, after
all the labor expended in the work, have been omitted.

AVATER- MILLS.

A mill was built at (just below) Macksyille by Robert Cox
about thirty-two years ago (1848). It is now owned by Roberts
& Goode. It is a good (grist) mill, and does a thriving business.

At the mouth of Cabin Creek Mr. Bunker built a saw-mill
very early. Afterward John H. Bond rebuilt the saw- mill and
added a grist-mill. William Roberta bought and rebuilt the mill
soon after 1854. It is standing yet and is owned by Dick &
Cowgill.

Roberts put in steam, but the mill is now run by water alone.
The saw-mill has been removed but the grist-mill does a good
business.

Up Cabin Creek (three-quarters of a mile) is another grist-
mill; Jacob Boles built one on that site very early. Afterward
it was rebuilt by Peter S. Miller (from Bucks County, Penn.), and
again by William Marine (about) 1844. It was owned by John
H. Bond and Solomon Wright, and now by Studebaker. ' Steam
was used at one time but now water alone. A portable saw-
mill was there once but it has been taken away. 'The mill now
has a good reputation for work.

Just above that (also on Cabin Creek), William Marine had
built another mill (about) 1839. lie at one time owned both
these mills (called Marine's upper and lower mills). The upper
one has gone down.

While Marine was running both these mills, Nathan Menden-
hall undertook to build still another mill between Marine's upper
dam and the lower mill connected with that dam. He built his dam,
dug the race, got the timber on the ground but finally he
stopped. Why we do not know, for one would think a man might
as well go clear through as to begin such a job as that. It is a
pity he had not put to actual test the project of running a water-
mill without water!

Two miles above (on Cabin Creek still) stood Mendenhall'.s
(lower) mill, built before 1840. It has been rebuilt once or
twice, and was discontinued not long ago. The works were taken
to Parker, and the mill is in operation there now.

A mile above was Mendenhall's upper mill, built by Nathan
Mendenhall (father of the one mentioned above), at a very early
day.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

65

The mill was rebuilt bj his son Hiram. It has since been
changed into a woolen factory, and is now used as such. It is at
Unionsport, and is run by both water and steam. It has had a
good reputation, and with the requisite capital a fine business
might be maintained.

A saw-mill was built by William Davison before 1829. It
was running up to 1852, but was discontinued soon after.

Thomas Gillum built a " corn-cracker" one-fourth of a mile
south of Buena Vista, one of the first water-mills in the county.
It was gone long ago.

Below Macksville mill (on White River), Mr. Spiller built a
saw-mill (about) 1850. It was rebuilt by David Harris. The
mill was running five years ago, but is gone now.

On Sparrow Creek, a saw-mill was erected (before the Macks-
ville grist-mill was built) by Morgan Mills. He used to saw day
and night. He would set his log and start the saw, and then lie
down and take a nap. When the saw got through the log, the
snapping of tlie trigger would wake him up, and he would set the
log again. That mill went down twenty-five years or more ago.
Robert Cox rebuilt the mill and used it to saw the lumber for the
mill he built (at Macksville) on White River.

Noah Johnson built a grist-mill on Sparrow Creek at the
crossing of the Huntsville and Sampletown road, southeast of
Macksville, very early, about the same time as Gillum's mill on
Cabin Creek there was also a saw-mill. Both have been gone
many years (twenty-five years or more],.

James Clayton built a saw-mill on "Eight Mile Creek"
above Macksville. That mill quit sawing before 1830.

Lewallyn's grist-mill on the Mississinewa near Ridgeville,
was built (say) 1819 or 1820. It was afterward owned by Will-
iam Addington, and then by his son Joab Addington, afterward
by Addington & House. Still again by Arthur McKew, and
now by Whipple. It goes by water and steam both, and is an
extensive and valuable establishment, having done a large busi-
ness for many years.

Frederick Miller had a grist-mill and saw-mill on Bear Creek,
three miles southwest of Ridgeville, perhaps forty years ago.
They have been gone many years.

On Bear Creek, Josiah Bundy and Jacob Horn once had a
saw-mill. It did not do much.

The old Sampletown Mill between Macksville and Winches-
ter, just east of the "twelve-mile boundary," was built very
early, but has been gone a long time. Some of the old timbers
are to be seen yet.

Jere Cox built a grist-mill above Winchester on White
River in 1825, on the farm now owned by William Pickett. Jo-
seph and Benjamin Pickett built a saw-mill, William Pickett in
1853 purchased the place and both mills. They were operated
till about 1864, and were torn down in 1870. Mr. Pickett says
there were five dry years (from 1864 to 1869), in which the
water was so low that the mills could not run, and they were left
to go to wreck, and were taken away in 1870.

Parsons had a grist-mill on Mississinewa one half mile below
Deerfield before 1832.

Jessup had a "corn-cracker" on Greenville Creek, north of
Spartanburg before 1820.

A grist-mill used to stand on Greenville Creek northwest of
the Griffis farm in Wayne Township. It was there in 1850,
but has been gone many years. The timbers are there still.

A Mr. Hinchy had a saw-mill and grist-mill on the Missis-
sinewa, east of Allensville, in the early settlement of Jackson
Township, which were somewhat important for several years.

There are some mills (one or more), on Mississinewa, near
Fairview.

John Wright is said to have had a corn-cracker water-mill on
Salt Creek, north of Winchester, thought by some to have been
the first water-mill in the county. Jesse Way says Wrights mill
was built in 1818 or 1819.

Joshua Bond, uncle to Benjamin Bond, long of Washington

Township, had an oil mill (perhaps the only one in the county),
as, also, a grist-mill, both run by horse-power, near Winchester,
very early — perhaps as long ago as 1820, or thereabouts. Ben-
jamin Bond was married in 1826, and he spout most of several
previous years with his uncle Joshua, working in that mill.

Joshua Bond settled near Winchester about 1818, and set
up his mills soon after ; and about 1835 or so, he removed to
Jay_ County, building a horse mill there also, and running the
same till a comparatively late day, dying about 1878, at the age
of ninety-four.

His mill in Jay County was noted, settlers coming from both
far and near.

He was one of seven brothers, all large limbed, stalwart mount-
ain men of North Carolina, five of whom, when he was sixty
years old, were living still.

Old Paul Beard had a saw-mill on Greensfork, which was
old in 1837. There was a mill site where a grist-mill had been,
but had gone down in 1839, and a new mill by Levi Stout (same
man) two miles lower down on Greensfork, a mile and a half
north of west from Lynn, about 1838, which was still running
in 1854. It is now wholly gone.

Amos Ellis had a saw-mill, in old times, between these two
mill sites, which was gone, however, in 1840.

Most of the water there now runs in a ditch.

There were other mills built from time to time, particularly
saw-mills, concerning which no information has been obtained.
These early mills must not be reckoned to be like the great mills
of the present day. They were, indeed, but small and insignifi-
cant affairs. It is related of one of the first mills in Jackson
Township, that the owner boasted that his whole " fixings " had
cost him only ^2.50. What in particular that same $2.50 was
expended for " Dame Rumor " has not condescended to furnish
information. Whether it was for dressing the " gray heads " in-
to mill-stones, or to purchase the iron gearing (if they had any),
or for something else, it matters not. The money was spent,
and it has gone past recovery, and the mill has gone, too, and ro
relic of either remains. " Sic transit gloria mundi." And go
"passeth the glory" of those old-time marvels of machinery as
well.

Those old-time mills were very humble, unpretending estab-
lishments. Cox's mill above Winchester, built fifty-six yea--
ago, and eleven years after the first settlement of the county,
bolted flour in a hand bolt. The " corn crackers, " so called
(Jessup's on Greenville Creek, for instance), used to grind about =■
peck an hour. The stones employed in many of the first mills were
simply the native boulders of the region, dressed to suit the pur-
pose. Still they served the needs of the settlers in a small way
for many years. Some half-dressed mill stones are lying beside
the highways still.

The grist would be sent on the back of a horse or a mule
with a half-grown lad, and one by one these grists would be
slowly, oh, how slowly, worked through the machinery of the mill.

Men, however, who were able to command a wagon and team
and enough grain to warrant the labor required, would take atrip
to the more extensive and better appointed mills on the White
Water, or the Stillwater, or even the Miami. In the earliest
times, boys have been sent on horseback twenty miles or more,
from the Arba settlement to the mills on the White Water be-
low Piichmond, both to buy corn and to get it ground in one oi
the mills in that region.

The story told by the old settlers of nearly every one of the
first mills in the whole region, though perhaps not an actual faco
as to even a single one of them, is yet painfully suggestive of the
more important real fact that the mills did actually grind so " aw-
ful slow " that everybody would naturally believe that a dog
might " lick the meal by spirts," and lift up his head and howl
between the "jets" for more. But let us not laugh at these
small beginnings of things. The settlers used far more labor,
and displayed much greater energy in undertaking what they

66

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

were able to accomplish under such appalling difficulties than
their posterity do in effecting the far greater results of the pres-
ent day.

STEAM MILLS.

For years after the opening of the country for settlement, the
use of steam power was unknown. To fit up a steam establish-
ment required a large amount of money, more, in fact, than most
could command. Still as the country grew, and the milling neces-
sities began to surpass the capacities of the water-power, and the
" corn cracker" and the hand-bolt mills of the region, men vent-
ured to try how steam would answer the purpose, and one by
one, mills were built away from the streams. The result has been
that water-power has dwindled and almost grown out of use, and,
steam has nearly carried the day.

One of the first steam mills in the county, possibly the first,
was built by Elias Kizerat Winchester, as early perhaps as 1835,
in the east part of the town. It was discontinued perhaps twen-
ty-five years ago.

Mr. Roberta had a steam grist-mill at Winchester (in the
west part of the city). It was running say in 1860, but its
rumbling has been silent for some years.

The brick mill and warehouse near the depot has been
standing for some twenty years. It was built for a warehouse
by John Mumma. Martin owned it awhile, then Heaston k
Riley, then Colton & Bates, now Bates Brothers. It is an ex-
tensive mill, has a high reputation, perfortping good, thorough,
reliable work, and a large amount of it.

Deerfield Steam Mill was built by Jason Whipple thirty-seven
years ago (1845). It has been in operation ever since, and is a
good mill. For many years it had a very large patronage, and
does still an extensive business. At one time it drew custom for
thirty or forty miles in every direction. Customers had the priv-
ilege, by staying through the night, of having their grists ground
in turn, and many availed themselves thereof. Sometimes a
dozen or twenty teams would wait through the darkness of the
night, rather than go home through the long and tedious journey,
and then be obliged to return at a future day.

People came from Centerville, Wabash, Greenville, etc.
Other mills have been built, and its business has decreased,
though it does well still. It is now owned by Willis Whipple,
son of Jason Whipple.

The mill at Allensville ia fixed so as to run by water or steam.
It was built in about 1850, and has been running under various
control ever since. It has a fair reputation for quality of

A saw-mill (water and steam) was built, and afterward a grist-
mill, by McNeely before 1845. Both are there still, and doing
good work. The establishment was rebuilt by Thomas Reese &
Co.

There was a steam saw-mill on Olive Branch, then it was
made a grist mill, and afterward the works were taken out and
carried to Farmland.

At Farmland, Dr. William Macy had a steam sawmill, after-
ward belonging to Ford & Co., but it has been silent for twenty
years.

Stanley Brothers had a steam grist-mill at Farmland before
1860. Having been burned, it was rebuilt with new machinery
by Hawkins. It is now in operation.

Another steam-mill is at Farmland, built by Charles Stanley
about ten years ago, which is running still.

A steam-mill was built at Ridgeville on the railroad, by Ar-
thur McKew. It was burned and rebuilt of brick ; is now owned
by Starr & Co. The mill is a good one, and does much work.

There is a steam-mill at Harrisville, built some years ago, and
doing a considerable business.

A steam grist-mill was running for several years at Arba, but
it burned down in 1877, and has not been rebuilt.

There are two stean> saw-mills at Spartansburg. One has
been in operation for twenty-five years. The other was built by

Wesley Locke about two years ago. It has a corn-mill and
planing-mill attached, and does good work.

A large steam grist-mill was erected at Union City, Ind.,
five or six years ago. It is a grand establishment ; is owned by
Converse & Co.; has a capacity of 200 barrels per day; has an
extensive run of custom, and does also a large amount of mer-
chant work.

There are two corn-mills in Union City, one is owned by C.
W. Pierce and the other by Kirschbaum.

There is a saw-mill at Parker, also a steam grist-mill, built in
1876.

There is a steam saw-mill at Pleasantview, which Las been
running for several years.

Several mills have existed at different times in Jackson Town-
ship, but most of them have ceased to run, except the one at
Allensville.

A steam saw-mill has been in operation for several years on
the State line pike, two miles south of Union City, but it was
removed a year or so ago.

Carter k Montgar had a steam saw-mill in Union City, Ohio,
in and after 1852 for several years ; the first saw-mill on that
ground.

Mr. Sheets set up a saw-mill west of Union City, near where
the machine shop is now, in 1852.

There was a saw-mill on Oak street. Union City, near where
William A. Wiley now resides.

John H. Cammack has a saw-mill in the Cammack neighbor-
hood, some two miles east of Bartonia. It does considerable busi-

There is a saw-mill eight miles southwest of Farmland, still
doing work, having been in operation many years.

A steam grist-mill has been for many years, and still is, in
operation in Union City, Ohio. It has a good reputation, and
does a large business.

There is a steam-grist mill at Huntsville. It has been in
operation for fourteen years, and is a good mill.

There is also a saw-mill at Huntsville, owned by Peyton John-
son.

There is another saw-mill owned by Jere Hyatt.

A saw-mill has stood not far east of Deerfield, on the State
road, from early times until a year or two ago, owned latterly by
John H. Sipe.

There was, for years, a saw-mill on the boundary, southwest
of Spartansburg.

A saw-mill was in operation for twenty years or more near
Salem. When Union City began to need lumber for building,
that mill, among others, helped much to supply the demand.

A grist-mill and a saw-mill were formerly in operation north
of Lynn, but one was burned (or both) and now there is neither.

Anthony McKinney built a saw-mill on Mississinewa, one and
a quarter miles below Fairview, about 1839, put in a corn-cracker
about 1840. and built a new and more extensive mill, putting in
" wheat buhrs " about 1842. He had three run of buhrs — and a bolt
carried by machinery. It was a good mill for awhile, and is still in
operation. Mr. McKinney sold the mill to Samuel Zaner. He
owned it about a year and sold to Abner Wolverton, about 1864,
who owns it yet. There are now two runs, one for corn and one
for wheat. Steam was put in in 1875, and now water and steam
are both employed.

Mr. Ward had a saw-mill on Mississinewa, below Ridgeville,
some twenty years ago, which ran for several years.

John Foust had a saw-mill and corn-cracker in about 1856, in
Franklin Township, just at the township line, on Mississinewa,
wiiich stood five or six years.

Cyrus A. Reed had a saw-faill one mile above Fairview. It
was built about 1850, and stood perhaps ten years.

There is a saw-mill at Shedville, running by steam. It has
been in operation but a short time.

Before 1825, Lemuel Vestal undertook to erect a mill on Stony

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Creek, near Windsor. Before completing it, he sold out to John
Thornburg, who finished the grist-mill and also built a saw-mill.
[See record of John Thornburg]. After four years, ho sold to
Andrew G. Dje, and he to Moses Neely, and still again the mills
were transferred to Thomas W. Reece, who built them anew.
Their owners since have been Neely, Marie Pattis, Johnson &
Dye, William A. Thornburg, Keece & Sons, Mahlon Clevengor,
John Thornburg, and now, Robert Cowgill.

Doubtless other mills may exist, or have done so in years
past, of which no account has been obtained.

OTHER MACHINERY.

Peter Cable had a carding machine, etc., in the west part of
the county. At first Mr. Cable had a little carding machine in
the garret of John H. Bond's grist-mill. He was very poor, and
got the use of Bond's " power." After awhile he bought a waste
farm that was too wet for tillage. He ditched the prairie and
drained the ponds, springs and swamps, and collected the water,
and got enough to run a carding machine and woolen factory.
For a long time it was a famous establishment, getting cus-
tom far and near, and Mr. Cable made a fortune. His factory is
gone now. There are pleasant anecdotes about Mr. Cable and
his mill. Somebody had at one time turned the water upon the
wheel and made the mill run empty through the night. He
was provoked, and on Saturday he sawed the foot-bridge over
the fore-bay almost in two, and laid it in its place. Monday
morning he came to start his mill, and, forgetting all about his
"trap," he stepped upon the sawed plank and went, souse, into
the fore-bay. He scrambled out just as Thomas Addington was
going to the mill. He ran to meet Thomas, laughing and cry-
ing out: " 0, Thomas, Thomas, I caught mine self, I caught
mine self! " Another. Mr. Cable was one day walking along a
muddy road, near a horse. The animal stepped in a water-hole
and the water flew fiercely into the honest German's face. Wip-
ing the muddy slosh from his eyes, he cried out, " Veil, dat vas
right mutty, didn't it ?" Mr. Cable lives there still, three miles
south of Macksville.

There has been for some years a woolen factory at Unions-
port. It has a good reputation, and its yarns are in great de-
mand.

.There used to be a carding machine at Winchester, belonging
to Elias Kizer, but it is not there now.

The old county seminary, at Winchester, was fitted up and
run as a woolen factory for several years. It was quite exten-
sive and did much work, but it has been discontinued.

There was, for many years, a carding machine and woolen
factory at Deerfield. It was burned down and rebuilt, and
burned again, and, since the last fire, has not been rebuilt.

There is a large amount of machinery at Union City, Ind.,
and Ohio, as also at Winchester, Farmland and Ridgeville,
for various purposes which will be described under the head of
Union City, and the rest.

It is told us, as a matter of curiosity, that Moorman Way
once undertook to fit up a carding machine at Winchester, and
run it by ox-power. The establishment did some work for
awhile.

A carding machine was built and operated in very early days,
near Winchester. It is thought to have been the first in the coun-
ty, but has been gone for many, many years. It belonged to
Daniel Petty, and was operated by horse-power.

PIKES — RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The first pike asked for and granted is thought to have been
the Williamsburg & Bloomingsport pike, September, 1858.

The second was the Greenville State Line Company, granted
also September, 1858. Its officers were : N. Kemp, President ;
Daniel Hill, Secretary ; James Grifiis, George Hiatt, Alexander
White, Directors. The whole length of this line was some ten
miles. But it is remarkable that of this pike has been built only

about four miles ; three and half miles at the westward, and
three-quarters of a mile next the State line, leaving a wretched
gap of some six miles of the worst road in the county.

Since 1858, a great number of pikes have been projected,
many of which have been made, and the diiTerence between the
"old time mud" and the new " regime" is very great indeed,
though it must be confessed that even the pikes are by no means
what they ought to be; since in the "muddy, rainy time," some
of them get so badly cut up that the imagination has to be brought
into service considerably to succeed in considering them actual
gravel pikes and not old-fashioned mud roads.

Below is given a statement of the assessed valuation of some
of the pikes now in Randolph County for the year 1880, as also
the estimated cost of dilTerent pikes as contained in the state-
ments to the Commissioners by the parties asking permission to
build them.

ASSE.SSED VALUATION OF PIKES IN RANDOLPH COUNTY, 1880.

White River, Farmland and Shiloh, $1,892; Macksville and
Unionsport, $253; Winchester and Windsor, $3,300; Winches-
ter and Deerfield, $2,800 ; Winchester and Bundy's Mill, $2,050 ;
Winchester and State Line, $500 ; Dunkirk, $400 ; Lynn and
Winchester, $1,000 ; Lynn and Spartanburg, $600 ; Arba and
Bartonia, $2,040 ; Nettle Creek and Stony Creek; $f)00 ; Buena
Vista and Unionsport, $1,173; Winchester tttld Huntsville,
$1,526 ; Salem and Union City, $2,180 ; New Pittsburg and
Hoover, $200; Union City and White River^ $1,088; Union
City and Winchester, $1,500 ; Stone Station and Olive Branch ;
West River and Washington Township, $282 : White River
and Southern, $600; Williamsburg and Bloomingsport, $116;
Economy and Bloomingsport ; Newport and Winchester, $300 ;
State Line, south from Union City ; State Line, north Union
City and Recovery.

ESTIMATED COST OF PIKES.

From the Commissioners' record, we take some data as the
estimates upon the costs of pikes projected in the county.

Some of the earlier ones were not discovered in our search and
hence they do not appear.

Two have already been mentioned. We number the others
in order (not altogether in order of time):

Winchester and Huntsville, August 19, 1867, length seven
miles, fourteen and a half rods ; estimated cost $17,100. N.
P. Heaston, engineer.

Huntsville and Ilagerstown, February 21, 1867, over six
and a half miles ; cost $8,200, Robert C. Sheets, Engineer.

Unionsport and Hagerstown, June 21, 1867 ; ten and nino-
tenths miles ; cost $17,985. Charles Jaqua, Engineer.

Farmland South, two miles; cost $8,777.04 (large bridge).
P. Pomroy, P. Hiatt, Engineers.

Winchester and Deerfield, November 6, 1865, nine and a
half miles; cost $17,000.

Farmland and Hagerstown, November 6, 1867, nine miles
281 yards; cost $18,834.12. P. Hiatt, Engineer.

Farmland and Economy, south end, October 22, 1867, four
miles 420 yards ; cost $8;468.31. P. Hiatt, Engineer.

Salem and Union City, May 5, 1868, eight and two-thifds
miles ; cost $17,044. C. Jaqua, Engineer.

Losantville and Northern, September 6, 1868, ten atid three-
quarter miles ; cost $23,782. N. P. Heaston, Engineer.

Spartansburg and Arba, Cherry Grove and Lynn, March -23,
1869, seven miles; cost $14,616. James H. Hiatt, Engineer.
Winchester, White River and Union City, September 10, 1869,
seven miles, four chains ; cost $8,998.20. J. Wharry, Engin-

Bloomiugsportand Greensfork, August 16, 1869; cost $6,860.
S. P. Heaston, Engineer.

Lynn and Winchester, August 31, 1867, eight and three-
quarter miles ; cost $19,500.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Winchester and Bloomingsport, May 18, 1867, ten and a
half miles ; cost $27,300.

Huntsville and Buena Vista, July 3, 1867, six and a half
miles ; cost $8,310.26. P. Pomroy, Engineer.

Union City and White River, Mav 28, 1870.

Winchester and Salt Creek, May '20, 1867.

Farmland and Mississinewa Valley. March 27, 1869.

Winchester and White River, July 17, 1869, three and a
half miles ; cost |6,165.

Spartansburg and Arba and Bartonia.

Mississinewa and Shiloh, March 5, 1869, seven miles.

Spartansburg and Lynn, March 5, 1869.

White River and Farmland, March 5, 1869.

Buena Vista and Unionsport, and West River, September 6,
1875.

Macksville Cemetery and Unionsport, September, 1875.

Dunkirk Company, right of way granted, June 5, 1876.

Stone Station and Olive Branch, June 5, 1876.

New Pittsburg and Brown, June 6, 1876.

County Line and Farmland, March, 1880.

Bush Creek and Mississinewa, February 20, 1880.

Tampico and Lynn, February 2, 1880.

Huntsville and Buena Vista, June, 1880.

Bush Creek and Rockingham, June, 1880.

Elkhorn, June, 1880.

Ridgeville and Mississinewa Valley, June, 1880.

Ward and Franklin Townships, June, 1880.

Mount Zion, June, 1881.

The Winchester and Windsor pike was granted June, 1867.

The Arba and Bartonia, June, 1868.

The Winchester and Richmond, via Lynn, about the same
time.

Some of the above pikes were never made.

The first pike in Green Township was begun in the summer
of 1880. Considerable work of that sort is going on in that
region now (1881-82).

TOWNS.

In the present article, we give simply the names of the towns
in Randolph County, with their location and actual condition,
leaving the detailed description of each to another time and place.
There are (or have been) in Randolph County, fifty-two towns,
(or hamlets with names attached) and post ofiices, located in the
various townships as follows :

[Note — The townships are arranged in order of location].

Oreen Township — Eminetsville P. 0., Sec. 5, Town 5, Ranges
7 and 8, Town 21, Range 13, decayed ; Fairview P. 0., Section 4,
Town 21, Range 12, not flourishing ; Olive Branch (hamlet),
small ; Rockingham, on Mississinewa, below Ridgeville, e.xtinct ;
Shedville P. 0. (unincorporated), just begun ; Steubenville,
Sections 13 and 14, Town 21, Range 12, extinct ; Carlisle, Sec-
tion 12, Town 21, Range 13, extinct.

Franklin Township— RxUgnwWU P. 0., Section, 12, Town 21,
Range 14, thriving.

Ward Township — Berlin (perhaps on Mississinewa River),
extinct ; Deerfield P. 0., Sections 16 and 17, Town 21, Range

14, decaying; Randolph P. 0., Sections 16, 17, 20 and 21.
Town 21, Range 14, small; Sarataga P. 0., on Panhandle Rail-
road, not large ; Stone Station, Sections 30 and 31, Town 21,
Range 14, very small ; (Clark P. 0.).

Jackson Township — AUensville, Section 9, Town 21, Range

15, dead ; Castle P. 0., Section 27, Town 21, Range 15, store
and toll-gate ; Mount Holly, Section 27, Town 21, Range 15,
dead; New Lisbon, Section 12, Town 18, Range 1, dead; New
Middletown, Section 30, Town 21, Range 15, dead; New Pitts-
burg P. 0., Section 6, Town 21, Range 15, decayed.

Wayne Township — Bartonia P. 0., Section 27, Town 17,
Range 1, decayed ; Harrisville P. 0., Sections 17 and 18, Town
20, Range 15, thriving ; Randolph (ohl). Section 27, Town 17,
Range 1, extinct; Salem, Sections 11 and 12, Town 17, Range

1, dead ; Union City P. 0., Sections 24 and 25, Town 18, Range
1, large.

White River Township— M.w\iss\\\e, Section 20, Town 20,
Range 12, decayed ; New Dayton (hamlet) P. 0., Section 2,
Town 20, Range 13, small ; Sampletown, Section 22, Town 20,
Range 13, extinct; Winchester P. 0., Section 20, Town 20,
Range 14, large ; Unionsport P. 0. (partly in West River),
small ; Buena Vista, Cerro Gordo P. 0. (partly in West River),
decayed.

Monroe Township— Y^rmXandi P. 0., Sections 12, 13, 18 and
20, Town 20, Range 13, thriving; Morristown, Parker P. 0.,
Sections 16 and 17, Town 20, Range 12, thriving ; Royston
Section 17, Town 20, Range 13, extinct.

Stony Creek Township — Georgetown, Section 29, Town 20.
Range 12, extinct; Neff P. 0., Section 24, Town 20, Rang ■
12, store and dwelling ; Windsor P. 0., Section 10, Town Is,
Range 12, small.

Nettle Creek Township. — Fallen Timber P. 0., northeast of
Losantville ; Flemingsburg, Section 23, Town ■ 19, Range 12,
extinct: Losantville P. 0., Sections 11, 12, 13 and 14, Town
19, Range 12, small ; Pleasant View, Good View P. 0., Sec-
tions 11, 12, 13 and 14, Town 19, Range 12, small.

West River Township. — Buena Vista, Cerro Gordo P. 0.,
Sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, Town 19, Range 13, decayed; Hunis-
ville, Trenton P. 0.. Sections 27 and 28, Town 19, Range 13,
thriving; Swain's Hill P. 0., Section 5, Town 18, Range 13,
post office ; Unionsport P. 0., Sections 4, 5, 8 and 9, Town 19,
Range 13, neat.

Washington Toivnship. — Bloomingsport, P. 0., Sections 5,
6, 7 and 8, Town 18, Range 14, not large; Johnson's Station
P. 0., Section 11, Town 18, Range 14, small; Lynn, P. 0.,
Sections 34 and 35, 19, and 2 and 3, Town 18, Range 14, thriv-
ing; Rural P. 0., Wood Station, Sections 9 and 16, Town 19,
Range 14, small; Snow Hill (old). Section 23, Town 19,
Range 14, extinct; Snow Hill Station, Section 16 and 21,
Town 19, Range 14, very small ; Springboro, Section 29, Town
19, Range 14, extinct; West Lynn, Sections 3 and 3, Town
19, Range 14, not large.

Oreensfork Township. — Arba P. O., Section 33, Town 16,
Range 1, thriving; Spartansburg ( formerly Newburg ) P. 0.,
Section 10, Town 16, Range 1, thriving; Edgewood (hamlec j,
Section 12, Town 16, Range 1, seminary and church.

RECAPITULATION.

Four of the above are only post offices. Four are only ham-
lets, never laid out as towns. Eleven are absolutely extinct.
Four are dead, but not wholly gone. Eightare very small. Eleven
are much decayed. Two are somewhat active. Six have con-
siderable trade. Two are quite large towns. There are twenty-
eight post offices.

Fort Wayne ( now Allen County, but when laid out, in Ran-
dolph County), 118 lots; streets, 66 feet; alleys, 5, 14,16 feet.
The streets in the plat were: North and south — Barr, Clin-
ton, Calhoun; east and west — Water, Columbia, Main, Berry.

Location: Junction of St. Joseph's and St. Mary's Rivers,
head of the Maumee River (now Allen County), in Section- 2,
Town 30, Range 12.

Recorded at Winchester, June 9, 1824.

The town has grown, of course, immensely since those primi-
tive days, and it is now a city of 30,000 inhabitants.

SURVEYS OF THE TOWNSUIPS IN RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Township 16 north. Range 1 west, of First Principal Merid-
ian— surveyed by Israel Ludlow, 1800 ; subdivided by Samuel
Archer, 1812.

Township 17 north. Range 1 west — surveyed by Daniel C.
Cooper, 1800 ; subdivided by Jeremiah McLane, 1805.

Township 18 north. Range 1 west — surveyed by Daniel C.
Cooper, 1800 ; subdivided by Jeremiah McLane, 1800.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Township 19 north, Range 1 west — surveyed by Daniel C.
Cooper, 1800.

Township 18 north. Range 13 east — east part, Henry Bryan
1811.

Township 19 north, Range 13 east — east part, Jacob Fowler,
1811.

Township 20 north. Range 13 east — east part, Jacob Fowler,
1811.

Township 21 north. Range 13 cast — east part, Jacob Fowler,
1811.

Township 18 north, Range 14 east — Henry Bryan, 1811.

Township 19 north. Range 14 east — Jacob Fowler, 1811.

Township 20 north, Range 14 east— Jacob Fowler, 1811.

Township 21 north. Range 14 east — east part, Jacob Fowler,
1811.

Township 18 north. Range 15 east — not told.

Township 19 north, Range 15 east — Jacob Fowler, 1811.

Township 20 north, Range 15 east— Jacob Fowler, 1811.

Township 21 north. Range 15 east — Jacob Fowler, 1811.

Township 18 north. Range 12 east — not known.

Township 19 north. Range 12 east — John Hendricks, 1821.

Township 20 north. Range 12 east— John Hendricks, 1822.

Township 20 north. Range 12 east— J. F. Polke, 1822.

Township 18 north. Range 13 east — west part, John Hen-
dricks, 1821.

Township 19 north. Range 13 east;— west part, John Hen-
dricks, 1821.

Township 20 north. Range 13 east — west part, John Hen-
dricks, 1821.

Township 21 north. Range 13 east— J. F. Polke, 1822.

Township 21 north, Range 14 east — west part, John Hen-
dricks, 1822.

[Note.— The " old boundary " separates 16, 17, 18, 19 north.
Range 1 west, from 18, 19, 20, 21 north. Ranges 12, 13, 14, 15

The " new boundary" divides 18, 19, 20, 21 north, Range 13
east, and 21 north. Range 14 east].

The "field notes " were copied from the records at the Land
Office (Cincinnati, perhaps) by Samuel Williams, Clerk in said
office, March 1, 1834.

They were recopied from the first copy by Calvin G. Good-
rich, Surveyor of Randolph County, August 24, 1841.

The latter copy is now on file in the office of the County Au-
ditor at Winchester, Randolph County, Ind.

OHAPTEE VL

HECORDS.

Dekds— Appkenticesiiip— Frke Papers— Adstraot of Titles—
Mareiaoes— CnicaiT Court— CoMSitssioNEUs' Board— Pro-
bate Court.

EARLY EECORDS.

CHARLES CONWAY was for the first twenty years Clerk,
Recorder and Auditor (i. e., he did the business which the
Auditor now performs), all three at once. The three together
must have made but a poor living for even one man.

The Recorder's book shows the following facts, viz. :

From September, 1818, to December 31, 1822 (four years
and four months), fifty-six instruments in all were put on record.

In 1823, thirty-two instruments; 1824, twenty-two; 1825,
thirty-eight; 1826, twenty-one; 1827, fifty-two; 1828, forty-
eight:

By the close of 1828 (about ten years), 262 pages had been
filled by the Recorder, including all kinds : deeds, bonds, mort-
gages, bills of sale or chattel mortgages, official bonds, etc., or

an average of twenty-seven instruments or twenty-six pages a
year for ten years.

The following statements will show the slow but gradual in-
crease of work in the Recorder's office:

In 1829, 64 pages ; 1830, 77 pages ; 1831, 68 pages ; 1832,
100 pages ; 1833, 149 pages ; 1834, 143 pages ; 1835, 260 pages ;
1836, 294 pages ; 1837, 350 pages ; 1838, 480 pages ; 1839,
467 pages; 1840, 415 pages; 1841, 478 pages: 1842, 393
pages; 1843, 389 pages; 1844, 335 pages; 1846, 415 pages;
averaging for nine years, 1829-37, 167 pages annually ; for
the last eight years, 487 pages yearly ; for seventeen years, 318
pages annually ; and for the whole time 210 pages, or about 17
pages per month.

In 1818, only one " record" is made, viz.: David Wright's
bond as Sheriff.

In 1819, only one record, Solomon Wright's bond as Coro-
ner, date of record, November 25, 1819.

In 1820, things began to " start" a little. Thirteen instru-
ments were put on the record, or one a month and one to spare.

First bond for deed — Paul W. Way, County agent, to Jamea
McCoole, for Lot 1, west front, Winchester; deed to be given on
or before the year 1825, on what conditions precedent to be ful-
filled does not appear.

Second and third patents (5,967 and 6,105) to Charles Con-
way, dated August 15, 1817, and May 5, 1818, signed by James
Monroe, President. Recorded February 10, 1820.

Fourth warrantee deed— From Paul W. Way, agent, to
Isaac Wright, of Clinton County, Ohio, for north half of Lot 6,
south front, Winchester; price, f30. Date of deed, December
14, 1819; date of record, March 7, 1820.

Fifth deed— r. W. Way, agent, to Albert Banta, Lot 3, south-
west square, for $31.20; date, April 3, 1820.

Sixth deed— David Heaston to John and Elizabeth Elzroth ;
land in Section 6, Town 19, Range 14 ; price, $500; dated,
March 13, 1820.

Seventh deed — A curious instrument; purport as follows:
First. John Elzroth has sold sixty acres of land to Jacob Roths
(Roads) on south side of Section 33, Town 20, Range 14.
Second. Elzroth agrees to take in payment the share of Polly
(Elzroth) Roths in the estate of Nicholas Elzroth (her father),
provided said legacy amounts to $160 or more. Third. If said
legacy falls short of $150, John Roths agrees to pay to John
Elzroth the deficit. Recorded April 6, 1820.

Eighth deed — From John Elzroth to John Roths as descrii'^f*

Ninth deed— John Elzroth to John Irvin, 180 acres ; price,
$500; Section 6, Town 9, Range 14; recorded March 13,
1820.

Tenth deed — P. W. Way, agent, to Hiram Bailey, Clinton
County, Ohio; Lot 6, south front, Winchester; price $30.
Dated December 14, 1819 ; recorded February 5, 1820.

Eleventh deed (by donation) — Charles Conway to Paul W.
Way, County Agent, sixty acres. Section 20, Town 20, Range
14, for town plat (in part) of Winchester. Deed made Septem-
ber 30, 1819 ; recorded September 4, 1820.

Twelfth, bill of sale— George Hight, of Darke County, Ohio,
to William Vance, Jr. Amount, $2,678.50.

[Note — The schedule is deemed worthy to be here inserted.]

One bay horse, 7 years $2(10 00

One brown horse, seven years 100 00

One dun-mare 90 00

One black horse (abouut 12 years) 60 00

One sorrel horse 50 GO

One black horse, 15 years .50 00

One sorrel horse, 3 years 50 00

Ten sleers, 1 year 60 00

Ten heifers, 1 year 50 00

Five calves 1 year 10 00

Seventy hogs at S3 210 00

Two wagons 20<'i 00

Four oxyokes 12 00

Three ox chains 20 00

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

One sorrel marc, colt 50 00

One bay horse, colt, 1 year 20 00

One iron gray mare, oolt, 1 year 20 00

One pair oxen, 8 years 100 GO

One pair work steers, 3 years 50 00

One English bull 75 00

Twenty-one cows at $18 378 00

Five steers, 3 years at $12 00 00

Two heifers, 3 years 24 00

Seven steers, 2 years at,$10 70 00

Four heifers, 2 years, at $10 40 00

Gears for three horses, three double trees 40 00

Three plows 20 00

Three felling axes 9 00

Three weeding axes 0 00

Two malaxes 0 00

One crowbar 3 00

One cradle, two boythes 7 00

Three grass scythes and hangings 12 00

One horse sledge 4 00

Threeiron wedges 5 00

Two pitchforks 3 00

Throe negro hoes 6 00

Six sickles G 00

One wooden clock 30 00

One plate stove 35 00

Seven Windsor chairs 16 00

Four tables 10 00

One stand 2 00

Three looking glasses 12 00

One iron shovel 2 00

One set harrow teeth 13 00

Two grindstones, with cranks, etc 18 00

One pair andirons - 4 00

One crane, trammel and hooks 5 00

One shovel and tongs 4 00

One !2-gallon kettle 7 00

One coffee mill 3 00

One shotgun 17 00

Three saddles and bridTeB'..!!'.'.'.'.'.'.!.'....'.. 70 00

One U. H. map 20 OO

Four maps 40 00

One Ohio map 10 00

Two hand axes, two drawing knives, six augers, four
planes, three chisels, one cross-cut saw, one hand

saw 34 00

Four bedsteads 10 00

Three bed sacks, ten bed blankets 40 00

One mattress 0 00

One counterpane, four sheets 25 00

One pair saddle-bags, etc 5 00

One seven-gal. kettle, onelarge pot, one stew pan. one
grateiron.one hake oven, one griddle, one small pot,
one toasting iron, one disli kettle, one spider, one

skillet 23 50

Three sad irons, two pairs steel yards 5 00

One frying pan 1 50

One wheat sieve 2 50

One buffalo hide 8 00

One cutting box 5 00

Total amount $2078 50

If the above marked prices were a fair estimate for the time,
the schedule furnishe.s a noteworthy exhibition of the comparative
value of commodities of various kinds at that date.

It would be interesting to know more of this George Hight.
He would seem to liavo been a large farmer for those early days.

Thirteenth deed (mortgage) — James Oldham to Paul \V.
Way, agent of Outlet No. 2, southeast square, Winchester, $1.50,
given as security for the payment of two promissory notes given
by Oldham to Way (doubtless for the land itself),' and due in
one and two years from date, with interest. Notes dated Sep-
tember 80, 1819 ; acknowledged September 27, 1820; recorded
January 6, 1821,

In 1821, nineteen instruments were recorded. Twelve deeds
in fee, two deeds of gift, two mortgages, one bond for deed, one
SherilT's bond, one bill of sale.

In 1822, twenty-two instruments passed to the Record.
Eighteen deeds in fee, two deeds in gift, one Sheriff's bond, one
Coroner's bond.

As specimens of the frequency in those times of bringing
deeds, etc., for record, we give a statement for 182(J.

From November 28, 1825, to April 15, 1826, none ; May
8, 1826, three; June 3, 1826, one: June 26, 1826, one; July
3, 1826, one; July 4, 1826, one; July 5, 1826, one; July 17,
1826, two; July 8, 1826, one; July 14, 1826, one; September
2, 1826, three; September 14, 1826, one; September 15, 182n,
two; October 11, 1826, one; October 23, 1826, one ; January
11, 1827, one.

It is refreshing to those who complain in these latter days of
exorbitant fees to bloated officials, to learn that "Charlie" Conway's
fee-bill for recording instruments of writing for the worthy citi
zens of Randolph County from September 2. 1826, to January
11, 1827, amounted to $6.75, or exactly $1.50 per month. Tl.-
princely sum was not all, however. He had, besides his fees •
Clerk of the Court (including Circuit and Probate business), hi"
fees for issuing marriage licenses, and then the fees for serving a
clerk of the Commissioners' Court, which would doubtless rais-
ins monthly salary to $5, possibly $7.50 per month.

Our good friend, Conway, must have got even more than that,
for the record frequently shows that he was in the habit, as oftcr.
as he could get the chance, of taking acknowledgments, solem-
nizing marriages and similar things. And the entire avails of his
official labor may possibly have swelled to the amount of $10 per
month. And think what a vast sum, honest man as Judge Smit'
reckons him to be, he wrested from the pockets of the hara-
handed yeomanry of Randolph during his almost life-long contin-
uance in office.

Twenty-one years make 252 months, and ten times 252 are
2,520, and so many dollars, and how many more no mortal
knows, that graj-haired official took in pretended compensation
for work performed in official station, from the tax-payers and
business men of that over-burdened community.

The first deed on record seems to be one made by Charles
Conway (as Recorder) to Paul W. Way, agent, of sixty acres of
land, being the tract donated by the said Conway to the county
for the location of the county seat. The date of the deed is Sep-
tember 30, 1819.

Another deed is founded on notes that bear the same date, Sep-
tember 30, 1819, though the deed itself was acknowledged nearly a
year later, September 27, 1820, and recorded January 6, 1821.
It was from James Oldham to Paul W. Way, agent, for ouiIt;
No. 2, southeast square, Winchester, to secure the payment o.
two promissory notes for $75 each, due in ono and two yeiii
from date.

The next deed in order is dated the next day, October 1, 18^
made by William Jones to Paul W. Way, agent, for Lot No. 1-.
southwest S(iuare, Winchester. It is a mortj^age to secure pay
of two notes $31.28 each, due in one and two years.

The transiiction hardly seems clear, but probably Way had
conveyed the lot to Jones in some way, as agent for the county,
and then Jones had mortgaged it back to Way to secure the pay
ment of the purchase money. No account of such a transaction,
however, has been found, and the actual deed on record, made by
Way, as agent, conveying the lot in question to Jones, is dated
in 1822 (probably), at any rate after the time for payment of tht
notes.

[Note. — Daniel Lasley, County Superintendent of Education,
found amid the rubbish of the Recoriier's office (where it had lain
for more than sixty years, the original of the above document.
He rescued it from its hiding place, mounted it in a neat frami,
and it now serves to assist in decorating the walls of his office in
the court house. Two or three other instruments (not so oM as
that, however), arc in the back of the frame].

APPRENTICESHIP.S.

On page 233, Book B.' is found the record of the in-
dentures of Cornelia Ann Jackson, a poor child of tiie age
of five years and nine months. She is to be taught the
"business and mystery of housekeeping," to have fifteen
months' schooling (sixty-five days for three months, or 325 days

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

on the whole) three months thereof to be when she is between
the ages of fifteen and eighteen years ; and at her majority she
is to have as follows :

" One good feather bed with bedding, bedsteads and cord,
such as are common among respectable farmers ; one good spin-
ning (flax) wheel ; two good suits of warm clothing, such us good
home-made flannel ; two pair of new shoes, and two pair of
new stockings."

On page 202, Book B, is found another record of apprentice-
ship, of a lad named Logan M. Jackson, to Francis Frazier.
He is to have eighteen months' schooling (sixty-five days for
three months), three months to be when he is bfitween nineteen
and twenty-one. He is to have $50 (in land, or otherwise
under the direction of hia guardian), two good home-made suits,
two pair of shoes, two pair of stockings and one fur hat.

sueriff's deed.

The first SherifTs deed that is found is made by Solomon
Wright, Sheriff, of Lot No. 6. southeast square, Winchester, un-
der a writ, " alias f lures fieri facias," against Thomas Hutson and
Jacob B. Hornish. Date of deed, April 12, 1823. Recorded,
June 29, 1824.

The first mention in the record of a Notary Public appears
under date of October 15, 1834. The deed was made by N.
Longworth, of Cincinnati, and acknowledged by him at the date
above mentioned, before James Foster, of Hamilton County,
Ohio, who was a Notary Public.

The deed was made to Dennis Kelly, and was recorded Octo-
ber 27, 1834.

A curiosity is to be seen under date of August 4, 1834. It
consists of the "Free Papers" of Ezekiel Lewis, an enterprising
colored man, who was one of the pioneers of the Greenville set-
tlement, northeast of Spartansburg. We give the document en-

VNo. 52.

State of Virginia,
Rockingham County.

To wit: Registered in the office according to law, October
19, 1820. Ezekiel Lewis, a free man of color, about twenty-
two years on the fifth day of March, 1829, as appears by his in-
denture, he having been bound by the overseers of Rockingham
County, to John Koontz, to learn the tanning business, by order
of the court of said county at the January court, 1818. He is
about five feet ten and one-half inches high, has a scar on his
forehead, which is not perceivable when his hat is on ; he is stout
built, and follows his trade, and is very dark.

The foregoing register was compared by the County Court of
Rockingham County, with the said Ezekiel Lewis, and found to
be duly made, and a copy thereof was ordered to be furnished
him as the law directs. Done at October court, 1820.

In witness whereof I have delivered him this copy, and hereun-
to affixed the seal of my said county this 2yth day of November,
1834, in the forty-ninth year of our commonwealth.

H. J. Gambell,
Clerk of Rockingham County.

Recorded (at Winchester) August'4, 1834.

[This Ezekiel Lewis became a permanent and prominent
settler in the colored settlement on the Ohio line, and, at his
death was the owner of an excellent tract of land, 160 acres,
northeast 1, 16, 1.]

KINDS OF I

For many years, all records belonging to the Recorder's office,
were kept in the same set of bo^ks. But, after some years, differ-
ent sets were provided, and there are now eighteen distinct sets
of books in that office alone.

The records, in all, number 142 books ; the deeds alone in-
clude sixty-five books; the mortg.igej number nineteen books;

the chattel mortgages are in three books ; the school fund ^nort-
gages comprise two books; tax titles are in two books; Sheriff's
deeds have been recorded in two books ; mechanic liens are all
in one book ; record of executions, one book ; record of decrees,
one book ; record of fee bills, one book ; indexes of deed.s,
twelve books; indexes of mortgages, seven books; entry of
deeds, three books; entry of mortgages, three books ; partition
records, one book ; soldiers' discharges, one book ; town plats,
one book ; miscellaneous records, five books. Each book con-
tains from 400 to 700 pages.

The whole number, as before stated, is 142, several of which
are in the process of being filled. The contrast is indeed sharp
and striking, in the Recorder's office, between the business in
early years and at the present time. The first four years and
four months have less than sixty entries, covering about sixty
pages. The last four years include several thousand pages.
For some years past a memorandum has been taken of the mort-
gages recorded, and also of those which have been canceled dur
ing the same time. The gratifying fact appears that the amount
canceled far exceeds that of those entered upon record during the
time in question, though the exact sums cannot now be stated.

ABSTRACT OF TITLES — RANDOLPH COUNTY.

This very important business was undertaken about 1875, by
William Harris. Daniel Lesley bought half interest, and, in
about a year, ho purchased the whole. The work is immense,
having taken thus far about six years, and requiring several
months yet to complete the labor.

The books are as follows : The books of general abstract,
240 and 464, immense double folio pages ; one book, maps of sec-
tions. 169 large double pages ; two books, towns, 240 and 319
large double pages. The abstractor at present has his office in
that of the Recorder. The enterprise is of great and constantly
increasing importance to the real estate interests of the county.

MARRIAGES — RANDOLPH COUNTY.

A very ancient authority has declared that it " is not good
for man to be alone," and for all the ages since that primitive
era, the search has been unceasing by each individual man to find
his mate.

This universal " race for a wife " was not stopped, perhaj:
not even checked by the process of emigration. The boys weni
on courting the girls in the western woods, even as they used t(-
do, and their fathers before them had done, in their far-off Eac.'
ern or Southern homes. And hence it came to pass, ere a lon^
time had lapsed, that the Clerk of the Court was called on for a
" marriage license," a'ld the services of the squire or parson were
had in requisition, and the log cabin beneath the shadow of the
beeches was the center of a gay and joyous festal scene, in the
shape of a country wedding. And the young people of Randolph
were no exception to the general rule in this respect. And so
the record of marriages, as kept in the Clerk's office, begins at
the very first, and keeps equal step through the lapsing years
with the ceaseless whirl and turmoil of business and of pleasure.

That record, though faithful and true, doubtless, for the most
part, to the facts of marriage, at any rate to the number seeking
marriage in the county, yet fails to show the whole number oT thi
residents of the county who, in those early years, took unto them
selves wives of the daughters of the land.

It very often happens, almost of necessity, in fact, that the
young men, hale, strong and personable, would come into tha
wilds and select for themselves a home, and after remaining Ion.'
enough to clear a patch and erect a cabin, would return to the
land of their nativity, marry the lovely lass who had long been the
girl of their choice, and wend their cheerful way, sometimes on
horseback, man and wife, possibly two upon the same horse, to
the Western paradise, and settle down in their new home to fight
life's rough battle in earnest together. One couple came on
horseback, and the bride stuck her riding whip into the ground

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

on reaching the place of their destination, ami it stands there yet,
now grown a giant tree, to commemorate their early arrival.
The lady died many years ago, but the groom, then hale and
young in 1822, lived "until the spring of 1881 in the county,
almost sixty years a denizen of Randolph, between eighty and
ninety years old. And many found their mates among the dam-
sels dwelling in the older settlements, outside of Randolph.

Two of the very first pioneers on White River went out from
the places of their selection, and found -their way down into
Wayne County, the very first winter of their tarry in this region,
and, when they returned, each had a wife to share his labors and
his pleasures. And, moreover, as the number of settlers multi-
plied, there were swarms of boys and girls everywhere, for the old
pioneer families were wondrous for their numbers. Ten, twelve,
fourteen, eighteen, twenty-two, and even twenty-four children
have been found to be reckoned in a single household. Some
families there were who moved into the Western wilderness with
fourteen children. One family in this region of the State num-
bered eighteen children, nine sons and nine daughters ; and, when
the youngest was twenty-three years of age, the whole eighteen
were grown, married and still living, as also the father of this
immense company of descendants ; and now, when the youngest
is forty-four years old, twelve of the eighteen yet behold the
glorious sun. and still breathe the vital air. There is a citizen
now residing in the county, who has eleven sons now alive, all
farmers but two, and every one Republicans, so that (with his
own vote) he turned an even dozen for the successful candidate
in 1880. No wonder that Randolph gave 2,200 majority for
Garfield.

The first license for marriage in Randolph County was issued
to Jacob Wright and Sally Wright, February 1, 1819 ; and they
were married February 2, 1819, by Rev. John Gibson, M. E.
preacher.

The second marriage was that of Absalom Gray and Margery
Cox.

The license was dated June 7, 1811.), and the marriage took
place June 10, 1819, the nuptial ceremony being performed by
John Wright, Justice of the Peace.

The third marriage license was to Samuel Frazier and Mary
Cook, dated June 21, 1819. The marriage was performed by
Ephraim Bowen, Justice of Peace, August 3, 1819, six weeks
after the license was issued.

The number of licenses varies greatly in different years. In
1819, twelve licenses were issued; in 1820, ten; in 1821, ten;
in 1822, eight: in 1823, twenty-three; in 1824, seventeen; in
1825, twenty-five; in 1826, fifteen; in 1827, thirty; in 1828,
twenty-seven; in 1829, twenty-four; in 1830, thirty-nine; in
1831, thirty-two; and up to April, 1832, sixteen.

From February, 1819, to April, 1830, 290 marriaee licenses
were issued by the County Clerk ; up to August, 1837, 271 ; to
September, 1847, 907; to July, 18,52, 686; to June, 1858, 1,-
164 ; to October, 1865. 1,272; to February, 1870,1,109; J.an-
uary, 1875, 1,208 ; to January, 1879, 1,117 ; to February, 1881,
593. Making a total in sixty-two years of marriage licenses is-
sued by the County Clerk of Randolph County of 8,678 couples,
waiting to be joined in the bonds of holy wedlock. Probably, in-
cluding those happy Randolph swains, wlio were so fortunate as to
find their fair dulcineas in other counties or other States, the whole
number would reach 9,000.

Who and how many of this immense multitude still remain
alive; how many yet are residents of Randolph County; how
many have removed to other regions of our widespread land;
how many have gone to that clime where they " neither marry nor
are given in marriage;" how many descendants have sprung from
these marriage unions; how many have been separated by the re-
morseless hand of death; how many of the whole vast number
have been second, third, or even fourth marriages, and how many
now remain in the loneliness of their desolation, waiting in
patient resignation the hour when they shall be summoned to join

only to Him who dwells

the pale nations of the dead an
in the light of omniscience !

This statement of the marriage licenses issued does not em-
brace those who were married in " Quaker meeting ; " and that,
in this county, where, almost from the very beginning, there have
been' six or eight " preparative meetings of Friends " in constant
and prosperous existence, must have been a considerable number.
How many, however, have thus been joined in the bonds of holy
wedlock, the means of determining are not now at hand.

The whole number of marriages cannot fall far short of 10,-
000.

RECORDS — CIRCUIT COURT. ■

Amount of record. Up to April, 1838, not quite twenty years,
there had been made in all about 500 pages of record for the
business of the Circuit Court, an average of about twenty-fiv.
pages for each year. The first twenty-four terms, one hundred
and twenty-one pages of record were filled in the "Order Book,"
making an average of five pages per terra, or ten pages per yeur.

From that time the record stands thus : April term, 1840, 96
pages; September term, 1840, 80 pages; March term, 1841, 74
pages; September term, 1841, 66 pages; March terra, 1842, 101
pages; September term, 1842,82 pages; March term, 187ri,
142 pages; March term, 1877, 825 pages; during the year 1880,
446 pages.

Besides all this there is an immense amount of Probd!-
Record and of Vacation Record, etc., concerning which we have
made' no account. Statements concerning the marriage license
record may be found elsewhere.

The entire mass of " records " in the various "county offices"
is something astonishing.

We have already stated the " Books of Record " in the Re-
corder's office to be 147 (including those pertaining to the '• ab-
stract of title).

In the Clerk's office are about 340 books ; in the Auditor's
office are about 240 books; in the Treasurer's office are about
250 books. The whole mass of " record " includes about 1,000
books, most of them large, with from 300 to 700 pages each, and
some of them of immense size.

Besides all these, the "papers" belonging to every case that
has ever been before the courts are supposed to be on file, and
every report made to the Commissioners and everything else k
(in theory) preserved (in one office or another) for ready and coii- '
venient reference. In the Auditor's office "pigeon holes'" ar.'
made to suffice for the "stowing away " of these endless "papers;"
but in the Clerk's office, through the painstaking ingenuity of
the late Circuit Clerk, John W. Macy, Esq., a system of tin
"boxes" has been put into use, in which all the "cases" that
could be found in the office arc deposited in regular detailed
order.

The whole, number of boxes is 1,685. Only 1,047 of them
are yet in use. Each box containes a greater or less number of
" cases." Some have in them as many as twenty " cases." Each
"case" is in a strong, firm envelope, the envelope being num-
bered to show the " box " to which it belongs and also its own
number in the box.

The "cases" are "indexed " in the "order books" so as to
show the number of the " box " and of the " case " in each box.
The system is ingenious, simple, perfect and capable of indcfinit;:;
expansion in application to years or even centuries to come ; and
its successful establishment in the Clerk's office is of incalculable
advantage to the public business.

AMOUNT OF RECORD — CIRCUIT COURT.

First six terms, 8 pages, October, 1818, to October, 1820.
Second six terras, 21 pages, April, 1821, to November, 1822.
Third six terms, 41 pages. August, 1823, to August, 1825.
Fourth six terms, 51 pages, February, 1826, to August,
1828.

Fifth interval, 383 pages, February, 1829, to April, 1838.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Sixth interval, 476 pages, May, 1838, to January, 1841.

Seventh interval, 560 pages, September, 1845, to February,
1849.

Eighth interval, 640 pages, March, 1876, to January, 1^77.

Ninth interval, 626 pages, September, 1879, to February,
1880.

These statistics show an almost incredible difference between
the early and the later times in this respect.

These statements include only the "order books," so called,
besides which there are the "fee books," "index books" and
various other kinds, familiar indeed to the incumbent of the office,
but a fathomless mystery to the "outsider."

RECORDS — CIRCDIT COURT GLEANINGS.

In looking over the books containing the records of the Cir-
cuit Court, various items of interest have been gleaned, some of
which are given below :

November, 1823, a license to sell spirits was granted to Will-
iam Suttonlield, of Fort Wayne, under bond of $500.

August, 1826, Daniel Shoemaker was fined $1 for disturbing
the court by crowding on the window. The next day the fine
was remitted and paid back to the delinquent.

August, 1827, the grand jury report concerning the jail,
that it is clean but not strong, that the trapdoor is not sufficient
and that the hinges on the outside door are not strong enough.

February, 1828, Thomas Shaylor was indicted for an assault
and battery. He pleaded guilty, and Vas fined $1 and costs, and
was to stand committed until paid.

Bazel Jay was declared insane, and guardians were appoint-
ed to take charge of his estate, viz., Nathan Hocket, James Jay
and Joseph Jay.

Same court — Slander trial. John Irvin vs. Richard Tharp.
Defendent adjudged guilty, and damages set at $17.52,5 (not
another mill) and costs. It would be interesting to learn by what
process the jury were able to attain such marvelous exactness,
even to the twelfth part of a cent, but that will probably never
be forthcoming. That degree of exactness would be invaluable
at the present time, both to juries and otherwise.

August, 1828, Marshall Wright vs. Kizer for an affray. They
confessed guilty, and were adjudged to pay each $1 fine and half
the costs.

August, 1828, grand jury report " the jail is sufficiently strong
but not sufficiently clean. It needs an inside door-shutter, and
a lock for the accommodation of both sexes."

February, 1829, Sheriff allowed $1 for furnishing wood for the
session of the court.

If we could only find so accommoduting a Sheriff now-a-days !
But alas ! tempora mutantur, et nos mutamur cum illis. Times
change and we change with them.

February, 1829, Paul M. Way indicted for retailing liquors
without license. The defendent pleaded guilty, was fined $2 and
costs, and paid the fine to the clerk forthwith. Not many years
afterward, the same Paul Way was an active, thoroughgoing tem-
perance man. And the exact why of the case does not appear in
the record.

Edward Mason was indicted for " vending foreign merchan-
dise without license." Pleaded guilty and was fined $1 and costs,
and it is to be presumed he paid up like a little man, "though
nothing is said about it in the records. "

Several indictments are found against parties for selling spir-
its without license.

The jail is reported to be clean and strong, but not sufficient-
ly warm.

February, 1830, the fact is set down that the petit jury got
50 'cents a day.

Seventeen jurymen served a total of forty days, and received
among them $20.

The Associate Judges received $2 a day.

February, 1834. Ezekiel Roe vs. Isaac Lewallyn and Ed-

'ard McKew. Charge — trespass vi et armis. Lewallyn ad-
judged guilty and fined $13, McKew cleared and authoriecd to
recover costs of plaintiff.

Hannah Lewallyn vs. Ezekiel Roe — charge of slander. De-
fendant guilty and mulcted in damages 1 cent and costs. Paid
forthwith to the Clerk.

May. 18.35, Ezekiel Roe decreed to lie in jail six hours for
contempt of court, in making noise and other disturbance in couri-
room.

Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1838, by popular
vote.

At an election held to determine the question, thirty-eight
voted for incorporation, and none against. The persons voti'^ij;

John Way, Carey S. Goodrich, Edward B. Goodrich, George
T. Willson, John D. Stewart, George M. Goodrich, David Heai-
ton, Jeremiah Smith, Nathan Garrett, John Neff, Zachary Puck
ett, John Connor, Josiah Mongar, Jacob Elzroth, Alfred Rossmati
Robert Way, John Wright, Martin Comer, Charles W. V/ise-
heart, Andrew Aker, Welcome L. Puckett, James W. Olds, John
Aker, George W. Monks, Elisha Martin, Michael Aker, Jesse
Moorman, David Aker, Thornton Alexander, Paul W. Way
Stephen Segraves, W. Page, Philip Allen, Jesse Way, Josepli
Botkin, William Kizer, Micajah Puckett, James Alexander.

The town was divided into five wards, and a Trustee was chos-
en for each ward :

First Ward, northeast square, Elias Kizer ; Second Waru.
north front and northwest square, Nathan Garrett ; Third Ward,
west front and southwest square, Jeremiah Smith ; Fourth Ward,
south front and southeast square, John D. Stewart ; Fifth Ward,
east front, Jesse Way.

October, 1839, eleven indictments were found against one
person for selling liquor. He was found guilty and fined $2 in
each case, and the costs also were assessed against him.

On file in the " pigeon holes " are found immense quantities
of all sorts of things. Among them are great numbers of old
" bonds." From these were selected the following "grocers' bonds,"
given at various times :

James Burke, 1835 ; James H. Hart, 1836 ; Thornton Alex-
ander, 1836 ; John Neff. 1836 ; Jesse Cartwright,1836 ; S. Dv.
1837; A. B. Hester, 1837; A. Garinger, 1838; D. S. D-
1838; Michael Aker, 1838: Henry Neff, 1838; Alexand-'
Martin, 1838 ; William Page, 1839.

Thornton Alexander is probably the one who was afterw;<
elected Sheriff, became a sot, and finally died some years ai'ie-
ward with delirium tremens ; and from his desolate dwelling wbi
his lifeless corpse lay stiff and gaunt therein, the ladies of Win
Chester, headed by the widow of the wretched man, marched it,
long and grim procession to the groggery of William Page, and
knocking in the heads of his barrels and what-not, spilled tli!
abominable, murderous stuff into the street, out of which startling
transaction grew the noted " Page Liquor Case," so famous tweu
ty-five years ago. And the same terrible demon of the drinl,
traffic raises still its devilish head, and eagerly goes about to de
stroy everything fair and lovely and of good report.

Hundreds, possibly thousands, of indictments have been ef
fected against liquor sellers in Randolph County, and scoi'fes o
men have been fined for selling strong drink "contrary to law.'
Yet men are to be found who, for money, will carry on the mis
chievous traffic, and law-makers will still play with thewild beast
Alcohol, as though it were a merry, gamboling kitten to be pette(
and cuddled, instead of being, as it is, a tierce and ruthless mon
ster to be throttled and slain, with its horrid carcass burned I
ashes and scattered to the four winds.

CURIOUS CASES.

In 1842, Philip Kabel, a wool-carder, sued one Jonathan
Frier for slander. The complainant charges that Frier had sai'
publicly of Kabel, " He spoiled my wool," " he stole ten pound-

HISTORY OF IIANDOLPII COUNTY.

out of sixty, and that before my eyes." After a severe quarrel,
the matter was settled apparently; Frier agreed to haul a load of
wheat to Lawrenceburg for Kabel and to take hira and his family
oh a visit into Wayne County, Ind.; and on this promise from
Frier, Kabel withdrew the slander charge from court.

It would seem, however, that Frier broke his agreement. At
any rate Kabel sued Frier for damages for breach of contract
and recovered $1. Frier appealed to the court and a judgment
was rendered against Frier, but only for $3. Whether that was
the end, and how much was the cost we do not know. It must
have been considerable, and, moreover, must have been somewhat
equally divided. Frier would have to pay the first co-sts, since
he was beaten, and Kabel would have to pay the second since
the amount was lowered in the court above. But what a com-
ment on the folly and passion of men !

ANOTHER CASE.

A father was a farmer, his son was a blacksmith. They
dealt and kept accounts ; on a petty disagreement as to items of
account, one sued the other before a Justice, and the beaten one ap-
pealed to court. When the case was decided the parties pro-
voked each other into a fight in the court yard, and a severe
battle took place ; suits followed, and so on until both were
broken up after years of bitter hostility and estrangement, and
hundreds, perhaps thousands of dollars expense.

CASES IN COUKT.

Fey, for killing Heltz, his son-in-law, in 1845, convicted of
murder, sentenced to be hanged, commuted to imprisonment for
life, hung himself in prison soon after entering penitentiary.

Calvin Bunch, for poisoning his wife near Bartonia in 1863,
convicted of murder in first degree and sentenced to imprison-
ment for life; pardoned by Gov. Jray in 1880.

Barney Hinshaw for killing Abram Heaston in Winchester,
acquitted on the ground of self-defense.

, for killing Kennon at Union City, adjudged

guilty of manslaughter with three years in penitentiary.

Another murder at Union City, we have not the namrs.

Case of John H. Lewis and son, for killing young Lumpkin
in 1879. A terrible case of passion ; one man killed and two
badly wounded, concerning a diich across a pike.

The public mind was greatly aroused, and many thought it a
clear case of willful murder; the result, however, as tried in Jay
County, was a verdict of acquittal, which ending was, to say the
least, entirely unlooked for and, to many, utterly unaccountable.

Case of State vs. Woodbury was a remarkable one, in which
a sister undertook to fasten upon another sister the charge of
having set a barn on fire to spite herself against a suitor
for giving attentions to another. The trial occurred seven years
after the burning of the barn charged upon the young woman.
The result was a verdict of acquittal, which is thought to have
been in accord with the general sentiment.

A very curious case was tried in the Circuit Court, in the
fall of 1880. Hartzell vs. Hartzell, in which both man and
wife sued mutually for divorce, but the judge denied them both,
80 that in law they are still one, although in fact distinctly and
decidedly two.

CASE IN PR03ATE COURT.

In the time of Judge George Debolt, a jury was trying a
case which had already taken a week and was likely to take two
weeks more. The wages of the jury were 25 cents a case. Some
of the jury were Asahel Stone, W. W. Smith, Elias Kizer,
Pearson, etc. Pearson had lost a child and was nearly crazy
with grief, and the jury finally agreed out of consideration
for him. But during the progress of the case, after a week's
sitting as above stated, the jury rebelled, and informed the Judge
that they must have pay or they would refuse to continue. The
Judge was surprised, and said to them: "Do you know it will be

my duty to send you to prison for contempt of court ?" " We
do, and we shall not resist your order if you make it." The
wortliy Judge was nonplussed, but the parties to the suit came
to the rescue and agreed to pay the jury per diem till the trial
was ended, which was some three weeks or more.

The courts in tlieir various forms furnish sad commentaries
upon the failings and crimes of the human race, as also upon
the curious and strange " tangle" into which, often, in spite of
everything, business will manage to fall. He that knows enough
to keep " clear of law" is indeed an exceedingly wise and wonder-
fully fortunate man.

In old times, a landlord who had been engaged for years in ;i
wearisome and expensive lawsuit, upon the decision of the casf.
painted a new sign for his hotel, having on one side a man
clothed in rags, and on the other a man with no clothes at all.
When asked the reason for such a freak, he replied, "The mar
in rags is the successful party in a lawsuit, and the man in purU
naturalibiis is the one who is beaten."

RECORDS OF COM.MtSSIONERS' COURT.

The record begins in November, 1818.

Superintendents of school sections were appointed :

William Hockett, Townships 18 and 19, Range 14.

John Wright, Township 20, Range 14.

James Massey, Townships 19 and 20, Range 13.

Expenses of establishing the county seat were found to bo
$97. Two and a half pages of record were made at the first
session.

December, 1818, contract was entered into for building a
court house and jail ; two pages of record.

February, 1819, two pages.

May, 1819, George Bowles appointed Lister (Assessor) ; cost
of assessing the county, $10; county tax was 25 cents on each
" horse beast ; " three pages of record. Commissioners' wages,
$2 per day.

August, 1819, five pages.

November, 1819, Jesse Johnson, Treasurer, allowed $13 for
services to November, 1819.

West River laid off from west line of Section 16, Township
18, Range 14, north to White River and west to county line;
record, seven pages.

February. 1820, Abner Overman. Lister; four pages of record.

May, 1820, four pages.

June, 1820, special session upon the court house and jail i
one and a half pages.

August, 1820, Ward Township created, whole north part of
the county ; Wayne Township also, extending indefinitely north-
ward to Fort Wayne, etc. [Records missing up to Nov., 1825. J

November, 1825, first session of Board of Justices ; two pages.

January, 1820, Robert Way was allowed $5.25 " for ' blazing
lines ' through the woods for streets in the town of Winchester,"
six days ' work, 87^ cents per day ; four pages record.

March, 1820, two pages.

May, 1826, Joshua Foster, who had been Corarai-ssioner of
Greenville k Winchester State road, had removed from the re-
gion, and John Nelson was elected in his room.

Road laid out from Ilockett's road three-quarters of a mile
north of " Gass' " in an irregular direction to the State road at
Vernon." [Where is that ? Perhaps Sampletown — No one now
seems to know.] Eleven pages of record. David Vestal was
paid $5 for assessing Liberty Township (Delaware County.)

July, 3, 1826 — Special — two pages; called to arrange for a
new brick court house.

July 29. 1826, conditions for court house agreed upon ; two
and a half pages.

September, 1826, David Wysonghad contracted for buiWing
a new court house ; the price does not appear. He is allowed $225
extra for rock foundation instead of brick ; four pages.

November, 1826, three pages.

e^<^

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH CQUlVIY.

75

January, 1827, David Wysong is paid 1292.50 in part for
work on court house.

March, 1827, one and a half pages.

May, 1827, Robinson Mclntyre appointed Trustee of Semi-
nary Fund for three years; nine pages.

July, 1827, bounty offered for wolf scalps ; 12^ cents over six
months old, 6^ cents under that age, except old prairie wolves.
Stony Creek was laid off, comprising Townships 19, 20 and 21,
Range 12 ; two pages record.

Account of sales of lots in Winchester by Paul W. Way,
County Agent:

First sale, November 6, 1818, thirty lots, $14(39.76 ; second
sale. September 30, 1819, fourteen lots, $736.32 ; third sale, Sep-
tember 26, 1822, eleven lots, $269.16 ; fourth sale, February 26,
1825, eleven lots, $208.26; fifth sale, November 26, 1825,
eighteen lots, $121.15 ; sixth sale, January, 1828 (items not
given).

September, 1827, Albert Banta was acquitted of 13 cents
tax on town lot; John Coates, 16 cents for the same, which
doubtless made them feel better; William Smith was allowed
$6 for keeping Judith Ray, an infant pauper, three months;
Curtis Cleny was allowed $11.44 for keeping Levi Hale, a pau-
per, three months ; three and a half pages.

November, 1827, road laid out leading from Winchester
toward Richmond, between Obadiah Harris and John Moor-
man, by William Connor's, Hezekiah Hockett's and the meeting
house near William Hunt's; two pages. January, 1828, one
and a half pages; March, 1828, 5 pages. Inside work of court
house let. May, 1828, twelve pages ; July, 1828, two pages ;
September. 1828, five pages ; November, 1828, Paul W. Way
was allowed $189.90 for work on court house. January, 1829,
Solomon Wright was allowed $112.50 for work on court house.
David Hoaston, allowed for same, $109.67 ; Abraham Kerne ac-
quitted of 4A cents tax; Elijah Arnold adjudged a resident ;
three pages. March, 1829, four pages ; May, 1829, fine re-
ported by Justice assessed against John Stevenson for swearing
ten oaths, $10 ; allowance made for keeping pauper six months,
$12; twelve pages. July, 1829, three pages.

September, 1829, Ezekiel Williams is reported as fined for
swearing ten oaths, $10; for .something else, $2; total, $12.
Joseph Crown is allowed to work at his trade in the west room of
the court house; seven pages.

January, 1830, road is laid "from the west end of Hezekiah
Hockett's lane to the Wayne County line, at the southeast cor-
ner of Martindale's deadening." Surveyors now might have
some trouble in locating that road ; Surveyor Jaqua would better
be set to find the route. But the parties then knew where the
road was to be and the Commissioners thought that was enough.

December, 31, 1829, John Mann fined for working on Sun-
day in his clearing, $1 ; no costs charged, David Semans, J. P. ;
four pages; March, 1830, five pages. May, 1830, Travis Adcock
is allowed $1.50 for three days' time spent in attending to a
pauper. Philip Storms then lived in the county since he is ap-
pointed supervisor in place of Charles Simmons ; thirteen pages.

July, 1830, four pages. David Semans, President.

September, 183(i, four pages ; November, 1830, two pages,
William Hunt, President; January, 1831, John Odel, County
Treasurer, four pages ; Treasurer's Report for 1830, $869.24;
Treasurer's Commission, $25.90.

Joel Ward is engaged to do work at his own price ; if he and
the county do not agree, a committee of workmen are to settle
the dispute, and he may draw at any time for $50. May, 1831,
four pages.

Road laid from southwest corner of Samuel Smith's fen'ce to
the crossing south of Jack.son'3, thence to new road at the north
end of William Smith's lane. Charmingly accurate and clear
description, only " Samuel Smith's fence," southwest corner and
all, is probably gone long ago.

Commissioners' Court revived and county divided into three

districtss First District, east of line dividing Townships 15 and
16, Range 14. Second District, west of said line to the line
between 'Townships 15 and 16, Range 13. Third District, west
of said last line.

Commissioners met September, 1831. Cartway laid out
from Winchester across ford of White River to Lewallyn's mill,
five pages.

November, 1831, five pages; January, 1832, report of Paul
VV. Way, agent, in settlement; total receipts, $2,679.02|-, set-
tled in full; eight pages.

May, 1832, Jere Smith appointed Commissioner of the "three
per cent fund." Ordered as follows (of that fund): $50 to the
bridge over White River east of Winchester, $30 to the bridge
over Sugar Creek, $500 upon the road from Winchester to New-
castle. S. R. Shaylor, J. P., reports: Three men fined for
swearing, |3 ; fine for assault, $1 ; fine for disturbing religious
meeting, $1 ; eighteen pages.

September, 1832, State road from Winchester to Newcastle
located shortly before ; expenses of location through Randolph
paid by Commissioners; length of road in Randolph 17 miles, 28
chains, 47 links; November, 1832, seven pages ; Januarv, 1833,
County receipts, $796.13 ; March, 1833, John Odle, Treasurer,
reports: Receipts, $2.50; expenditures, $1.50; balance on
hand, $1. Jeremiah Smith appointed Treasurer one year.

May, 1833, Jere Smith, Surveyor, makes reports of the loca-
tion of the following roads : State road from Richmond to Fort
Wayne; State road from Winchester to Newcastle; State road'
from Greenville (via Ridgeville and Fairview) to Saunders' in
Delaware County.

September, 1833, Andrew Aker is appointed Commissioner of
the three per cent fund, the avails frorn which fund are said to
be $500. Paul W. Way is put in charge of road from Winches-
ter toward Fort Wayne to expend $160. David Heaston is to
expend $150 on the Greenville road ; David Frazier is to apply
$90 on the road toward Richmond, and $70 toward New-
castle.

November, 1833, Jackson laid out, including also all of what
is now Wayne. Treasurer's receipts^ $775.73.

January, 1834, Green laid out, present limits and two and a
half miles of what is now the north end of Monroe : Treasurer's
receipts, $7.59.19; taxes laid — license for capital in trade, $1,000,
or less, $10 ; license for each addition thousand, $5; license for
grocery, $10 ; license for selling wooden clocks, $10 ; license for
tavern, $10 ; license for covering horses, one price per season ;
horses, 37.}; oxen, 37.}; watches, 37i ; carriages, four wheels,
$1 ; carriages, two wheels, 50 ; brass clocks, $1 ; town lots,
two per cent; first rate land, 1 cent per acre; second rate do,
I cent; third rate do, i cent; Treasurer's report, $221.42.

September, 1834, half a mile taken from Greensfork and
added to Washington, Andrew Aker appointed Treasurer ; re-
ceipts for the year, $1,070.94;^- ; Joel Ward'h work viewed by
referees and adjudged to be worth $188.00 (moral, agree upon
the price beforehand) ; Salamonie Township (Jay County)
erected.

January, 18^5, Nettle Creek, created with one mile also that
now belongs to Stony Creek. West River arranged seven miles
long and four miles wide (east line one mile west of present
line).

May, 1835, Madison Township laid off in what is now Jay
County, five miles wide on the east side of Jay County ; meeting
advertised by the Sheriff for the formation of an agricultural so-
ciety to be held on the last Saturday in May, 1835.

September, 1835, two paupers farmed out at $30 per year;
road laid beginning at the southwest corner of Robert Bunker's
door yard ; nice place to bpgin at.

March, 1836 — Building an office for the Clerk and Recorder.
Ordered to be let by Jere Smith. It seems from subsequent en-
tries that David Heaston took the contract.

November, 1836 — Three per cent funds on hand, amounting

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

to $1,914.22. Ordered to be expended thus : Greenville State
road, $700; Richmond and Fort Wayne, $800; Centerville
Road, $250; Newcastle, $114.22; Muncie, $50.

November, 1836 — David Heaston undertook the contract to
build an office for the Clerk and Recorder.

Samuel Skaggs was appointed Trustee of " Library Company"
in place of Jere Smith, resigned.

March, 1837— Treasurer's receipts, $1,808.16.

May, 1837 — License on vending wooden clocks at $60.
Andrew Aker, Treasurer.

March, 1838— Union Township, four miles square laid off,
embracing the north end of West River Township. Edmund B.
Goodrich and Jere Smith appear as Commissioners of the Semi-
nary fund.

Reports from seven Congressional townships show funds
amounting to $2,640.81.

May, 1838 — County divided into forty seven road districts.

September, 1838 — Wayne Township cut off from Jackson.
Nathan Garrett licensed to keep tavern.

May Term, 1839— Court house not done. Paul W. Way
directed to relet the job of completing it. It had been let to
David Heaston, but he would not fulfill the conditions of the
contract.

Benjamin Inman was allowed a license to sell goods at
Springboro.

Receipts for county from January to November, 1839,
$l,842.69f.

Michael Aker contracted for finishing the court house for $2, 480.

That second court house would seem to be almost as long in

building as Herod's Temple in Jerusalem. " Forty and seven

years was this temple in building, and wilt thou destroy it in

three days?"

J. L. Addington was paid for attending the agricultural
society 75 cents.

William Kizer, Collector— Receipts $2,707. 24|. Three per
cent fund expended that year.

S. D. Woodworth, $1,894.27. H. D. Huffman, $318.79.

State road from Winchester via Ridgeville, Mount Pleasant
and Camden to Bluffton, located.

Also road located from Cambridge to Fort Wayne; field
notes recorded. Remonstrance presented against taverns and
groceries to sell intoxicating drink, signed as follows, dated
Junel. 1840: George W. Goodrich, W. C. Willmore, Moor-
man Way, George W. Monks, James W. Olds, E. B. Goodrich,
G. W. Henderson, David Aker, Robert Way, W. M. Way,
Philip Allen, S. B. Cunningham, Elias Kizer, Robert Woody,
Paul W. Way, James Butterworth, David E. He.iston, John.
Way, Thomas Best, Nathan Wooters, A.sahel Stone, W. G.
Puckett, Cary S. Goodrich, Mary Reeder, R. Irvin, Nelson S.
Ball, Henry Diggs, William Holderraan, John Leake.

March, 1840 — Heman Searl received license for tavern at
Deerfield.

May, 1840— Clock peddlers' license, $100.

August, 1840— J. L. Addington was allowed $2 for attend-

via Unionsport, Macksville, and Fairview into Jay County, nine-
teen and three-quiirtcr miles in Riindolph County.

State road from Deerfield to Granville, Delaware County,
via Steubenville and Fairview, twelve and two-third miles in
Randolph County.

COUNTY AGENT.

It would seem from the "record" that the business of County
Agent, beginning at the first establishment of the county, con-
tinued a long time.

Paul W. Way was appointed County Agent in 1818, to sell
lots in the county seat, etc., and in June, 1852, thirty-four years
after his appointment, ho reports business as follows : Moneys
received since February, 1847, $497.79, with vouchors for the

same. Whether this report closes his business the statement
does not say.

1856 — Two brick buildings were erected for county purposes.

It would appear that the second court house of 1826 was a
"poor job" and became worthless so as to be abandoned. These
buildings as above were erected for county offices, jail and
Sheriff's, residence, coupled with lialls for scomtaoMcUea in rootna
above, and the courts were held for years in what is now Ward's
Hall, north of the public square.

June, 18.'J9, Franklin Township erected, the last and smallest
in the county.

June, 1875 — New court house put under contract.

April, 1877 — New court house completed.

Spring of 1881, new jail contracted for an.l co,nmonr.c.J, A.
G. Campfield, contractor, Hodson, architect.

PROBATE COURT.

At first and up to 1834, the Associate Judges acted as a Pro-
bate Court. From 1834 to 1852, there was a distinct Probate
Court presided over by a separate Judge.

From 1852 to 1873 the Probate business was done by the
Court of Common Pleas.

In 1873, the Court of Common Pleas was abolished and the
Probate business was transferred to the Circuit Court.

The first to administer the affairs of Probate for Randolph
County were Hons. John Wright and William Edwards, Associ-
ate Judges for the county, elected August, 1818.

The first court seems to have been held May 3, 1819. At
that time Antony Way (son of " Huldy " Way ), aged ten years,
nine months, was bound to Thomas Frazier to learn "farming."
He was to receive eighteen months in all, schooling, and at
his majority $100 in a horse, saddle and bridle, and one
good suit of new cloth clothes. Thinking that a veritable " bond
of Apprenticeship " " all of the olden time " would be a "curi-
osity " to the present generation, we subjoin the " bond " by
which Thomas Frazier, master, and Antony Way, apprentice,
were mutually obligated to care and instruction and service :

This Inilenlure, nmde this third day of May in the year of our Lord, one
thousand eight hundred and nineteen, Wilnesseth : That Antony Way, son of
" Huldy" Way. a^ged ten years nine months and 6ve days, by and with the
consent of his guardian, Jonathan Oibum, hatii, of his o*n free will, placed
and bound himself to Thomas Fm'

d Thon

s Fraziei

veil, c

itony VVay shall accomplish and arrive at
the full age of 21 years; during all which term of years the said Antony Way
his said master shall well and faithfully serve, his secrets keep, his lawful com-
mands gladly do and obey; hurt to his master he shall not do, nor willfully suf-
fer it to be done by others, but of the same to Ihe utmost of his power shall
gi»e notice forthwith to his said master; Ihe goods of his said master he sh.ill
not embezzle nor waste, nor them lend without his consent to any; nt cards,
dice, nor any other unlawful games he shall not play; taverns nor ale houses
he shall not frecjuent, *«**»** matrimony heshallnotcontraci,
f om the service of his said master he shall not absent himself without his mas-
ter's consent; but in all things as a good and faithful servant shall and will de-
mean and behave himself toward bis said master and all his during his said
term. And the said master his said servant in the art of husbandry will teach
and instruct or cause to be well and sufficiently instructed after the best way
and manner he can ; and ahull and will tind and allow to his said servant meat,
drinks, lodging, and "apperrill." both linen and woolens and all other neces-
saries fit and oouvenient for said servant during Ihe term aforesaid ; and also
shall, for the space of one year between the date hereof and the time when the
said Autony rtay shall come to be fifteen years of age, put the said Antony to
some good English school lo be instructed in reading and writing and arithmc-~
tic. and also six monlh>< when the said Antony is between the age of 18 and 20,
to be instructed ivs aforesaid; and at the expiration of the said term of servi-
tude for the said Antony the said Thom is Frazier shall pay to the said Antony
the sum of $101), to be discharged in a horse, saddle and bridle, and also one
good suit of new cloth clothes. In witness whereof we have hereunto set our
hands and seais Ihe day and year first above wrilten. his

Antont X Wat, [seai,.]

Attest, Charlks Conway, Clerk. Thomas Frazier, [seal.]

Under date of March, 1821, stands an inventory of goods be-
longing to Isaac Burnett, a deceased Indian trader, who had been
located at Fort Wayne, then and for some years longer in Ran-
dolph County.

Some of the items appear below.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

....|121 71

847i yards blue calico, at 85 osnts

9 T»rrl. B.,«ift Bbeeting, at 76 cents o 'o

21 yards Eugli-u „.i!^„. at 69i — "- 18 26

• 76 yards domestic cotton, at 30 cents 22 20

72 Eood coon skins, at 40 cents - 28 80

• 82 bad coon skins, at 20 cenU 16 40

4 oatt 1 rat, 2 bear skins (sic) 5 UO

1 sorrel horse 15 00

Monev on hand 163 00

66 pmnds butter, at 12} cents 7 00

)9j pounds powder, at 87J cents 16 43J

clothes, blue cloth, blankets, surcingles, bridles, legging
straps, knives, spurs, plumes, snuff boxes, fine combs,
flints, screw nippers, playing cards, 26 looking glasses,
wampum, belts, files, rasps, shears, bits, striped deer

20 best fine combs, at 37} cents...'. .'. .' 7 60

657 ear bobs

6 pair large ear wheels 6 00

6 pair small ear wheels 4 60

1000 while wampum 4 00

950 purple wampum 4 00

7 lomahiwkB 6 12}

SLtraps 6 00

42 deer skins

1 pound tea 2 00

1 breechcloth, etc., etc., etc

B. B. EERCUEVAt, )

John P. Hedqeb, V Appraisers.

Samuel Hanna, Admiuatrator.
FoET Wattme, March, 1821.

FIRST WILL.

The firet will on Record is that of John Ozburn, decedent, of
Clinton County, Ohio. Its provisions are in brief, as follows :

1. Pay his debts and expenses.

2. Pay to Daniel Ozburn (his son) and his heirs forever, $1.

3. Pay his daughter, Ann Kersey, and her heirs forever, ^1.

4. Pay Sarah Way's heirs, $1.

6. Pay Haldy Way (wife of Nathan Way) and her heirs
forever, $1.

6. Give to John Ozburn a three-year old mare and one hun-
dred acres of land (he to support his mother during life, or widow-
hood).

7. Give to Jonathan Ozburn sixty acres, the rest of the 160
acres (left after the one hundred acres on the north side has been
taken by John Ozburn) upon payment of §80.

8. Pay to Mary Ballard and her heirs, $1.

9. Give to Susannah Ozburn and her heirs forever, a cow and
$10.

10. To my beloved wife, Sarah Ozburn, all my movable
property during her widowhood, then to return to John Ozburn,
to be his forever, except her wheel and bed ; she to have pos-
session of the one hundred acres willed to John Ozburn, and sup-
port therefrom during widowhood.

FIRST ADMINISTRATION CASE.

April 30, 1821 : Estate of John Moore. Administrator,
David Wright. Sale May 25, 1821 :

Feathers, S7.27| ; one stew-kettle, $2.05; one flax wh^el,
$1.39 ; one weeding hoe, 96 cents ; one Yankee hoe, 75 cents ;
one kettle and bale, $4.06; one mare and bridle, $42.91 ; one bake
oven and bale, $1.80 ; six pewter plates, $2.61 ; one castor hat,
$1.76. Total, $84.81.

FIRST GIRL APPRENTICE.

April 8, 1822, Mary Moore, four years ten months,
Solomon Wright, guardian, bound to James Massey till eighteen;
to have schooling one year, and, at majority, one suit of clothes,
one feather bed and furniture, and one cow and calf.

April, 1822, George Burkett obtained letters of administra-
tion on the estate of Dr. William Turner, of Fort Wayne, de-
ceased.

April, 1822, Daniel Ozburn came into court with receipts

from six legatees of John Ozburn, decedent, and paid $1 to the
court for the heirs of Sarah Way.

July, 1822, Samuel Hanna, administrator of Isaac Burnett,
of Fort Wayne, deceased, returns inventory and bill of sale, con-
taining among other things, as follows :

Sixty-seven deer skins at 13 cents, $8.71 ; twenty-six coon
skins at 27^ cents, $5.33; thirty eight dressed deer skins at 36
cents, $13.68 ; seventeen muskrat skins at 16 cents, $2.72 ; re-
porting the debts to be $5,469.18. The estate was declared
bankrupt, and an order issued to sell two sections of land belong-
ing to the said decedent. The land had been granted to him at
the treaty of St. Mary's in 1818, in connection with the Potta-
watomies. Permission of the President of the United States for
the sale had to be obtained, which was granted by James Monroe,
and the land was sold.

Also his undivided interest in six sections granted to his chil-
dren which he had by an Indian woman, Cakama, a Pottawato-
mie, sister of Toppemba, principal chief of the nation. Ilie
land was appraised at 68J and 50 cents per acre.

The tract on Tippecanoe RiVer was sold at 70 cents, and that
on Flint River, Michigan, for 50 cents per acre. Total, $768.

July 22, 1822, George Burkett, administrator of Dr. William
Turner, returned the bill of sale, containing the following items.
I 5 00

"Waggon" $80 00

Cow and calf. 10 50

Cow and calf 14 00

4 Cows and calves (to the

widow— all) 18 37

2 Cows 16 60

1 "Yoak" oxen (widow).... 15 00
1 Horse (widow) 20 00

3 Yearlings and a calf (all).

8 00
. 18 37}

1 Saddle

10 Bushels pola
1 Box surgical

} Dozen tumblers

2 Beds and furniture.

Set castors and glas:

8 00
.... 16 00
.... 16 50J
„... 21 00

4 37}

,.... 6 64i
;... 15 00

1 62}

8 60}

August, 1824, first guardian, self chosen, was by Adam.Ki-r;
zer, minor son of Henry Kizer; guardian, Charles Conway. .

WILL OF JEREMIAH cox, RECORDED MARCH 29, 1830.

1. Pay his debts and personal charges.

2. To his sons Jeremiah and Elijah 160 acres each, previous-
ly deeded to them.

3. To his sons Enoch and Benjamin, 320 acres jointly.

4. To Robert and William, 320 acres jointly.

5. To Samuel and John, 320 acres jointly.

6. To his daughter. Amy Roberts, $25.

7. To her children at age, $200.

8. To his wife Catharine, one-third of all his estate not before
mentioned, two-thirds to be divided equally between twelve
children.

Money on hand of Jeremiah Cox's estate, United Stated notes,
$225 ; silver, $1,082.31^.

Sale bill covers nineteen double column pages.

June 7, 1830. Bill of sale of John Canaday's estate amounts
to $1,009.22J.

October 19, 1830. The inventory of the estate of lahmael
Bunch contains the following :

"A right of hogs not 'appraist,' running in the woods, and
wild, 'cutent be got,' sold for ten dollars to James Simmons on
the day of sale to highest bidder."

Philip Storms seems to have been a resident then, for he bid
off a "free" at 97 cents.

A list of the purchasers at the sale of Ishmael Bunch's prop-
erty will be interesting as showing the residents at that date,
November 4, 1830. [Ishmael Bunch lived not far from Dolph
Warren's, in Jackson Township.] Zachariah Key, George Reit-
enour, John Wolfe, Samuel Helm, Charles Summers, Henry
Jackson, Philip Storms, Samuel Williams, William Brockus,
Jeremiah Brockus, John Gray, Bennet Evans, James Simmons,

78

inSTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

Samuel Simmons, Mary Key, Samuel Emery, George Porter,
John Jones, Samuel Hawkins, James Brown, Robert Parsons,
William A. Lindsey, Amos Smith, Allen Wall, Isaac Lewallyn,.
-<.l..;l., T,......)l tvvo..i^ olv p.Msons. Thf tRrrit,.>iy from which

these persons came is quite extensive, from below Dcerfield
to above AUensville, and from Jay County.

January 4, 1831. Estate of Joseph Small ( Green's Fork),
contained, among other things, one "spider," one "frying pan."

The purchasers at his sale were Emsley Wade (one skillet and
frying-pan), Jason Overman, Aaron Mifls, Jesse Overman, Al-
fred Long, Abijah Mills, Jonathan Moore, Nelson Conner, Samp-
son Shoemaker, Joseph Green. Daniel Shoemaker, Jesse Small,
Aaron Hill, Henry Davis, Willis Davis, John W. Shoemaker,
Daniel James, John Mills, David Harris, John Mann, Robert
James, William H. Freeman, Charles Morgan, Ziba Marine.

WILL OF JAMES CAM.MACK, 1830.

1. Pay debts and expenses.

2. Son William, land heretofore deeded and one cow.
. 3. Son John, land heretofore deeded.

4. Son Samuel, land heretofore deeded.

6. Son Amos, land heretofore deeded, and farming utensils.

6. Daughter Elizabeth (Ozburn), |30.

7. Daughter Margaret. $10.

8. Daughter Mary (Hall), $2.

9. Daughter Ann (Williams), $10.

10. His wife Rachel, all except as above, including household
furniture, farming utensils and stock, during her life.

Estate of John F. Hawkins (of Jay County), father of Judge
Nathan B. Hawkins, Benjamin Hawkins, Esq., Joseph C.
Hawkins, etc., died 1831, $280.70J.

WILL OF WILLIAM HUFFMAN, AUGUST 25, 1832.

1. To five sons and three daughters, the whole real e.state ;
the daughters to pay $25 each, the amount to be divided among
the boys, and William to pay $20 to the rest.

2. Rest of the property to pay the debts, etc., the balance to
be divided equally among all the heirs.

3. Bay mare to George for two years.

WILL OF ABRAM PEACOCK.

1. 154f acres to his wife while she remains a widow or is
alive, and theu to John.

2. Daughter Margaret, the large Bible.

3. Amos, Elvira, Achsah have had enough already.

4. After the debts are paid, the remainder is to go to the
widow, Pheriba, Miriam and Margaret.

The inventory of John Cammack's personal estate, as returned
by John James and John W. Thomas, amounts to $704 51^.

WILL OF MATTHEW MASSEY, DKCEMBER 3, 1832.

1. To his wife, the plantation, while a widow or during life,
then to the children.

2. To his wife, the gray mare, horse, colt, two milk cows, thir-
teen sheep, all the stock and fatting hogs and geese, and corn
and wheat, the household and kitchen furniture.

3. The rest to be sold and divided among the children.

WILL OF JOHN TULLES, OF WAYNE COUNTY, RECORDED IN RAN-
DOLPH COUNTY.

This will indicates a "new dsparture," the "day spring " of
a "new era " as will be seen.

1. To his wife Eleanor all his property, she to bring up the
children that are under age.

2. After her death and the majority of the youngest child the
property to be divided among the children.

WILL OF MORDECAI MENDENHALL.

February 24, 1835.
1. Pay the debts.

2. To his wife, Phobe, two beds, two spinning wheels, reel,
cupboard and ware, pot, Dutch oven, skillet, brass kettle, three
chairs, chest and flax hackle, smoothing iron, wire sieve and fire
shovel, cow, horse and saddle, half the orchard, and a comfortable
support while living or his widow.

3. To Hannah, $20.

4. To Susannah, $1.

5. To Robert, $1.

6. To Aaron, $1.

7. To Stephen, $5.

8. To John, $114.

9. To Phebe, loom and $12, and a living with her mother
while single.

10. Anything else divided among all the heirs.

WILL OF JAMES F. DRESSER.

November 29, 1874— prohated June 18, 1879.
All his property to his sister, Charlotte A. Dresser ; R. A.
Wilson to be executor.

WILL OF JEREMIAH SMITH.

Recorded January 12, 1875.

1. My body for burial, and my soul to God.

2. Debts, if any, to be paid.

3. The graveyard where my father and mother lie buried on
the old farm in Section 5, Township 18, Range 13, 150 feet
square, to be kept for my posterity as a burial ground — a poplar
tree in it, one foot through, to be preserved — the iron . fence
around my father's and mother's graves to be finished and kept up.

4. Oliver H. to bo educated to graduation, and to have $1,-
500 like the rest.

5. No account to be taken of other sums given during life.

6. My flute to Jeremiah G., and the oil paintings of myself
and wife to Charlotte A. ; my private library, etc., to be divided
among children amicably. Old books, manuscripts, etc., to be
preserved.

7. My goods sold, and debts collected, and distribution made
to heirs annually.

8. Real estate (except that in Union City) to be sold at the
discretion of my executors and distributed.

9. The Union City property to be held and disposed of by
the close of 1895.

10. The executors are to use their best judgment for the
good of the estate, managing as they have reason to think I
would have done in the same place.

11. William K., and John Dye Smith are to be executors, and
after them or either of them, Henry B., Jere G. and Oliver H.,
in order as named.

I enjoin it upon all ray sons and daughters that harmony and
concord, unity and affection, be cultivated and preserved among
them during all their lives, and that they suffer no " root of bit-
terness " to spring up and trouble them; and that they live hum-
ble disciples of the Lord Jesus Christ throughout their lives, that
I may meet them in a happy eternity.

EDWARD BTARHUCK'S PROPERTY.

Inventory, November 9, 1874. Taken by widow, $500 ;
personal property, $1,211.49 ; dues, $47,734.34 ; additional,
March, 1876, $6,141.50.

INVENTORIES.

George W. Monks. $20,378.14, October 21, 1865.
Carey S. Goodrich, $10,991.28, November 2, 1865.
David Riddlebarger, May 2, 1876, $4,488.33.
Philip Powell, September 13, 1876, $10,306.30.
William Chenoweth, November 24, 1876, $19,574.77.
James Rubey, February 3, 1877, $5,971.80.
Ezekiel Robbins, December 23, 1876, $3,579.16.
John Sumwalt, April 12, 1877, $3,329.45.
Edward Thoma.s, March 12, 1877, $3,039.01.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

John C. Retts, March 31, 1877, and August 30, 1877, $7,-
947.38.

Levi Reece, September 1, 1877, $4,466.30.
A. Bai-nes, November 14, 1877,' $8,589.90.
Dennis Hart, December 14, 1877, $9,153.60.
Robert S. Fisher, May 25, 1880, $58,991.11.
Fountain Murray, March 8, 1878, $5,528.00.
Samuel Emery, Sr., July 25, 1878, $4,285.01.
Mark DiRgs. $18,369.34.

Abram J. Chenoweth, January 8, 1879, $7,548.45.
Mordecai S. Ford, March 1, 1879, $3,0.54.31.
James F. Dresser, August 22, 1879, $17,382.00.
Thomas Meeks, September 17, 1879, $10,605.21.
Israel F. Wirt, October 16, 1880, $15,468.50.
William Hawkins, July 27, 1880, $10,050.96.
Jacob S. Miller, June 10, 1880, $5,031.01.
Daniel B. Miller, 1881, $41,591.59.
Amos RockhiU, July 20, 1881, $5,254.85.
Joel Blansct, 1881, $3,279.79.
Peter S. Miller, $5,031.01.
John Fisher, February 22, 1881, $18,273.15.
John Demory (colored), $2,788.70.

CHAPTER YII.

HEMINISCENCES.

THE following reminiscences by old and early settlers concern-
ing their pioneer life in Randolph County and elsewhere, were
ritten from their own lips, mostly in their own language. Care
has been taken to have all the matter in these narratives fresh and
unique, the same thing not being repeated, each pioneer's tale
giving some fact or phase not found in any other.

Most of these sketches are from the original settlers, and from
those who mme when the land was heavily laden with dense, un-
broken forests, and the country was still a wild and unpeopled

The "reminiscences" are arranged for the most part, though
not entirely, in the order of time.

Some of the "sketches" contain incidents that occurred out-
side of Randolph County, yet in connection with persons who
have been at some period residents thereof. This portion of the
work might have been greatly enlarged.

JliSSE PARKER, 1814,

son of Thomas W. Parker, first settler, April, 1814, and long of
Bethel, Ind., but dying November, 1881, near Lynn, Randolph
County.

" The Indians were thick all around us, but they were civil
and peaceable and friendly. They would help the settlers
raise cabins, bring us turkeys and venison, etc Three wigwams
were in sight of our cabin. We children had great sport with the
young Indians, and they were then almost or quite our only
playmates.

" A squaw once scared me nearly to death. I had gone to
drive a calf home to its pen. The calf was near one of the wig
warns ; I felt skittish (this was before I had became so familiar
with them), but the calf had to be brought and I had to do it,
for children had to mind in those days. So how about the calf 'i
This way — I got around it and started it for the pen, and away we
went, calf and boy, when, hallo! out popped a squaw full tilt
after me! She had jumped behind a tree and stuck out what I
took to be a gun, and as I came near she bounced after me. My
legs flew, you may guess ; I could keep up with the calf with the
squaw after me. She chased me home, she was tickled well nigh
to death, and I was scared nearly out of my wits. I thought I
could feel the ball hit me; but she had no gun, it was only a stick,

and she was in fun. But there was no going around nettles then ;
they flew like sticks in a whirlwind, and she came rushing after
me, parting the brush as she came ! The Indians would often
come slipping around watching for deer, and would carry the
dead doer to their wigwams. The squaws would dress the veni-
son and jerk the meat and dress the skins for leather.

"The Indians wore paint and all their war equipments, which
made them look frightful enough. But we soon got used to them,
as they were very friendly. As the country settled up, they went
farther back — Winchester, Macksville, Windsor — and then to
Sraithfield, Muncie and Anderson. They would pa-s back and
forth on their trails, bringing moccasins, etc., to trade for iron,
salt, corn, etc., for their use.

"There were many rattlesnakes, yet but few people ever got
bitten by them.

"Father settled April, 1814; John W. Thomas and Clarkson
Willcutts, farther north during the summer, and October 22,
1814, Ephraim Bowen drove up t-o father's door, and he went still
farther up Nolan's Fork, and the farthest north of any. North
and northwest was an endless wilderness, except a few soldiers at
Fort Wayne and Fort Dearborn and Green Bay and Mackinaw.
"At first it seemed lonely, but neighbors came gradually, and
the blue smoke of their cabins could be seen curling up among
the forest trees, as we followed the "blazes " from hut to hut.

" The settlers who had come in by 1819 were these : Thomas
Parker, John W. Thomas, Clarkson Willcutts, Ephraim Bowen,
Ephraim Overman, Eli Overman, John Schooly, Seth Burson,
Nathan Overman, Joshua Small, George Bowles, Jesse Small,
Jonathan Small, David Bowles, James Caramack, John Cam-
mack, John Jay, Isaac Mann, John Mann, William Mann,
Stephen Thomas, Elijah Thomas, Stephen Williams, etc., etc.
" We settled near (east of) the old (Wayne's) boundary. Game
was plenty — deer, opossum, coons, turkeys, crows, wildcats,
catamounts, bears, wolves, etc. The wolves would come near
the door at night to pick up the crumbs, though precious little
they found to pick, except the bones. Stephen Williams built a
wolf-pen. Sometimes a wolf would get caught, and there would
be fun. They would put a dog into the pen, and the wolf would
whip the dog quick enough. The wolves would howl till one
could not sleep for their noise.

" Our bedsteads had but one post, and they needed no more.
The rails were bored into the logs of the house, and met in
one post at the corner. But we slept first rate. The floor was
puncheon, the door was one big puncheon, the loft was boards
laid on poles, or often none at all. We would climb into the loft by a
ladder, and slept u.nder the roof to the music of the rain on the
shingles. The fire-place was cut out six or eight feet long : the
back and jambs were dirt beaten in and puncheons outside; the
chimney was sticks and clay ; the table was a puncheon upon
poles laid on forks ; the chairs were rough stools, or we had
none, or sat on puncheon benches ; yet we were happy and full
of glee. Our diet was splendid — venison, turkey, roasted coon,
fat possum, bear steak, roasted squash, sweet potatoes, pump-
kins, corn bread baked on a hoe, or a lid, or a board, johnny-
cake, or dodger bread, all good. Health and hunger make the
best sauce, and we had them both. Then we had pounded
hominy, and lye hominy fit to set before a king.

" About my schooling : It was not much, picked up in the
woods. The neighbors joined and put up a cabin for church and
school, the first of the kind in the county. The first school was
taught by Eli Overman, and I attended it and was there the first
day. My first book was a primer, and my next (and my last)
was Noah Webster (spelling book).

" The house had a puncheon floor and door, a puncheon to
write on, scalped off" smooth with the ' pitching ax. ' The benches
were split poles with legs. Not a plank, nor a shingle, nor a
brick, nor a nail, nor a pane of glass was in the whole house.
The nails were pegs, the bricks were dirt, the planks were
puncheons, the shingles were clapboards, the glass was greased

HISTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

paper over a crack for light, and the bigger boys got the wood
for fuel. They had not far to go ; the mighty giants stood huge,
grim and frowning, stretching far and wide their monstrous
arms as if to reach down and devour us. I tell you, the way the
men and women (and the boys and girls, too) made the work
hop around was a wonder — a sight to beliold. Log-rolling
would begin and keep on twenty or twenty-five days, people
helping one another all around, liaising cabins, chopping
trees, rolling logs, clearing land, splitting rails, making fences,
plowing, planting and what not, kept folks busy enough for
weeks and weeks the whole year through. People would go
miles to help their neighbors; one could hear the ax ring or the
maul go crack, crack, or the trees come crashing down, from
morning till night, all over the woods. The loom and the wheel
were heard in every cabin ; the giant oaks, and the kingly sugar
maples and the mighty beeches could be seen bowing their proud
and stately heads, and coming heavily, helplessly down on every
hand. The girls spun and the women wove and made the
clothing, and took care of the family. Now, the first thing
when a couple get married, is a hired girl, and the next thing a

" We had hard times, indeed, in those grand old days amid the
majestic, overshadowing forest. And now, how changed ! And
what shall sixty-six years more of time, stretching forward into
the dim and wondrous future, accomplish for those who shall
look on those coming days ? We wh(5 have borne the brunt of
the hardy past — how few we stand, how swift our passage to the
opening tomb! The rising race — what do they know? They
complain of hard times, forsooth ! Then, it was the ax, the
maul, the iron sledge-hammer, the flail, the brake, the swin-
gling-board, the hatchet, the "cards," the wheel, the reel, the
winding blades, the loom. If we went anywhere, it was on
foot, or on horseback, or even on oxback, or on rough, home-
made sleds. And now these things are fled, and the faithless
ones of the present day will scarcely believe that such things
are any more than idle tales made up to beguile the weary hours
in the telling ; yet they are true, as the few old pioneers know
full well.

"The Indians helped father raise his cabin. There was no
one else to help. He covered his " camp " with bedclothes and
brush the first night. We crept into our cabin under the end
logs the first night after it was built because no door hole had
been cut. Father and mother went to Friends' meeting at New
Garden (probably) the next " First Day " after they moved into
the forest, seven miles through the woods. John Peale and
Francis Thomas, at New Garden pole-cabin meeting-house, one
day, swapped pants, and Pealo kept the ones he got, and was
buried in them, April 21, 1879. The swap took place about
1813, so that he must have kept those " pants " about sixty-
six years.

" The Pucketts were eight brothers. Four settled near Dun-
kirk. Daniel settled near Newport, Benjamin lived a few
years in Randolph, but moved to Morgan Countv, Ind., in
1826.

"We crossed the Ohio at Cincinnati, on a flat-bottomed boat,
thpt was pulled over by a rope stretcheii across the river.

" There were just three pole-cabins in Richmond with families
living in them, and one with goods for sale. The families were
John Smith, Jere Cox and Robert Hill.

" Robert Hill had the store. Mother sold him some " slaies,"
reeds for weaving, for some muslin and other " traps."

" Francis Thomas lived near the toll-gate below Newport, per-
haps. My father and John W. Thomas went up to Nolan's
Fork and picked out their " places." Parker moved to his
land first ; Thomas next, and afterward Clarkson Willcutts.

"Thoma.s Parker sold out to John James, and bcpught out
Clarkson Willcutts, and Willcutts bought elsewhere.

" The squaw who .scared me so and chased me through the
brush, was so " tickled " at my terrible " scare " that she could

not tell mother what she had done, for laughing. She fell
down on the cabin floor, and laughed and laughed, and kept on
laughing; and to mother's'question, she only pointed her finger
at me as she lay there, and burst out laughing again ; and I
stood there, as mad as a lad of my age could well be, at the squaw,
forscaring me so terribly, and then laughing herself well-nigh to
death over the fun she had got out of me.

MUS. CELIA ARNOLD (I'ARKER).

Mrs. Celia Arnold, daughter of Thomas W. Parker, first set-
tler of Randolph (who is now living at Arba, Ind.), and sister of
Jesse Parker, being one of the three children who belonged to the
family of the first emigrant to the Randolph woods. She say,<i,
" I was born in 1811, married Benjamin Arnold in 1830, and have
had five children, three of whom are living. My husband died
12th month, 11th day, 1878, aged seventy-two years. He was
born 3d month, 11th day, 1807. lie came to Randolph County
in 1823, being the son of William Arnold.

" As we were coming to Indiana, our wagon upset and scraped
my wrist. Two families, John Thomas and Thomas Parker,
came all the way in the same wagon, nine in all, and some of the
way Thomas Willcuts and his wife and five children. [Note. —
David Willcutts, later of Newport, Ind., Thomas Willcutts'
youngest son came with us]. All these did all the riding
they did on the one wagon. We brought beds and cooking
utensils, and one chair (for mother). She died in 1823. I
used, when a girl in my teens, to go on foot to New Garden,
six and a half miles, to meeting. I have done it many a time,
and did not consider myself as having done anything worthy of
special mention."

SQUIRE liOWEN, 1814.

" The " Quaker Trace " was begun in 1817. Jamea Clark,
with twenty-five or thirty men, started with three wagon loads of
provisions, as also a surveyor and chain, etc., and they marked
" mile trees," and cut the road out enough for wagons to pass.
They wound around ponds, however, and big logs and trees, and
quagmires, fording the Mississinewa above AUensville, Randolph
County, and the Wabash just west of Corydon, Jay County, and
so on to Fort Wayne. My brother James and myself first
went to Fort Wayne (with a four-horse team) in 1820. James
himself had been the trip a year or so before that. ■ We took our
feed along for the whole trip, as there was but one house from
one mile north of Spartansburg to Fort Wayne, viz., at Thom-
son's Prairie, eight miles north of Wabash River. At Black
Swamp we had to wade half-leg to knee deep, walking to drive
(we always had to do that). After that first trip, we always took
oxen, generally three yoke for a team. No feed was needed for
the oxen, for they could be turned out to pick their living. Our
load was commonly about 2,500 pounds of bacon, flour, etc.
Bacon would be 10 to 12 cents a pound, and flour |7 to fS a
barrel. The trip would take about two weeks, and we expected
to make about $40 a trip. It would take eight days to go, three
days in Fort Wayne and four days to return. Once an ox team
came through in three days, which was the quickest trip ever
made. We would unyoke the oxen, "hopple" them, put a bell upon
one of them and turn them out. For ourselves, we would build a
fire by a log, cook supper, throw down an old bed on the leaves
under a tent stretched before the fire, and lie down and sleep as
sound as a nut. We would start early, drive till 9 o'clock and
get breakfast, and let the oxen eat again. From two to six teams
would go in company. Sometimes the teams would get "stuck,"
but not often. If so, we would unhitch the " lead " yoke from
another team, hitch on in front, and pull the load through. Once
only I had to unload. I got fast in the quicksands in crossing
the Mississinewa. We got a horse from a settler (Philip Storms),
cariied the flour to the bank of the river on his back, hitched the
oxen to the hind end and pulled the wagon out backward.

" The first religious meeting washeld in father's cabin. Stephen
Williams exhorted (perhaps in 1815). The first sermon was

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

preached there also (in 1815), by Rev. Holman, of Louisville>
Ky.; text, Isaiah, "Is there no balm in Gilead ? Is there no phy-
sician there? Why then is the hurt of the daughter of my people
not recovered?'' It was a good Gospel sermon, and was food to
the hungry souls longing to be fed in the wilderness. We used
to go to meeting to Dwiggins' (near Newport), and they would
come up to our house. The Methodist meeting house near Dwig-
gins' was warmed thus : They had a box, nearly filled with dirt,
standing in the middle of the floor, and would make a fire with
charcoal in the box. That house never had a stove in it, but
was warmed in that way as long as it stood, fifteen or twenty
years. They would have a rail-pen near the church to hold the
coal, and carry it in as it might be needed. Mrs. Bowen says
she has carried many a basket of coal to replenish the fire. The
first meeting house was at Arba, built by the Friends in 1815,
and used for church and schoolhouse both ; I went to school there
four or five years. Afterward they built ahewed-log church, and
had a stove in it.

" We would catch wolves in a wolf-pen. We could pay our
taxes with the "scalps." A wolf-pen was made, say six feet
long and four feet wide and two feet high, of poles for bottom,
sides and top, the size of your arm. The top was made like a
"lid," withed down to the pen at one end, and so as to lift up at
the other. The "lid" would be "set" with a trap so as to fall and
catch the wolf and fasten him into the pen. The bait would be deer
meat. To kill the wolf, take a hickorj switch and make it lim-
ber by " witheing " it, i.e., twisting it limber. Make a noose and
slip it through the pen and around the wolfs neck, and lift him
against the top of the pen and choke him to death. If the wolf
were shot and bled in the pen, no more wolves would come into it.
One big wolf father undertook to choke, but the dogs wished so
much to get in at him, that we let them in, but the wolf fought
them terribly, and whipped the dogs out, till father put an end
to the battle by choking him in dead earnest. We moved into
the thick, green woods. We would cut out the trees a foot and
under, grub the undergrowth, pile and burn the logs, girdle the
big trees, and kill them by burning brush piles around them.

" The last time I went to Fort Wayne was in 1829. Several
tribes drew their payments there for years after Fort Wayne was
laid out as a town. The Indiana around here were Shawnees.
They would trap in April and May, and then go back to their
towns. The squaws would plant and raise the corn, and dress
the skins. The men did the hunting and the women did the
work. At one time at Fort Wayne, thirteen Indians were killed
during one payment in drunken fights."

" Plenty of wild plums and grapes (and some blackberries)
were to be found. The plums and grapes grew on the banks of
the creeks, and along the edges of the (wet) prairies. There were
different sorts, red and purple, small and round, but very sweet
and good, better than most tame plums. Some grapes were fall
grapes and some winter grapes.- The blackberries grew on the
" windfalls." There was one near Spartansburg. There were
crab-apples, but too sour to use, and papaws, but no one would eat
them. The woods were full of weeds of many kinds, and of pea-
vines, and horses and cattle lived well on them. Some places had
been burned over, and the woods, in those spots, were open like
a big orchard.

" I knew Johnny Cornstalk, the Shawnee chief. My mother-
in law once made him an overcoat. He was a large, portly,
fine looking, genteel Indian, straight as an arrow.

He once came fwith his wife) to my father's, on horseback,
to tell him that they had found a bee-tree in his woods. They
rode up. Cornstalk dismounted, but his wife sat still upon her
horse, tall, straight and lady-like, genteel, dressed richly in In-
dian fashion, with a beautiful side-saddle and bridle, and a fine
pony. Mother said, " Won't you light ?" Spry as a cat, she
sprang off, and they went into the house. She was waiting for
an invitation. They were a stately, elegant-looking couple.
Cornstalk told father of the bee-tree, and father went and cut the

tree down and gathered the honey, and gave Cornstalk half.
They were then "camping" near James Jackson's place. I
knew Chief Richardville five miles above Fort Wayne, on St.
Mary's River. He was a Miami Chief, had a large, brick house
and was rich. His daughters dressed Indian fashion, but very
grand and stylish. He was a good, honest, genteel, friendly
man. and much respected, both by the Indians and white men.
We made bricks one season at Fort Wayne, and saw him often.
"In plowing, when father first moved, we used a bar-share
plow and a wooden mold -board. I could tell tales by the hour of
those old times, but it is not worth the while to print so much of

.JAMES C. EOWEN, 1814.

Son of the fourth settler, who came on his forty-fifth birth-
day. October 22, 1814, when James was only a half-grown boy.

" Hunting was splendid, and game plenty in the woods. Deer,
turkeys, bears (and wolves) were abundant.

" We used to go to mill to Newport, to George Sugart's mill,
but oftener to White Water, to Jere Cox's mill. Sugart had a
little "corn-cracker" run by water-power. The buhr went around
no oftener than the wheel did. Sugart would throw in a bushel
of corn, and go out and swingle flax, etc., for an hour or two, and
then go in and attend to his grist again. Awful slow ! One day
a hound came in and began licking up the meal as it came in
spurts from the spout. It did not come fast enough for him and
he would look up with a pitiful howl, and then lick for more
meal ! We boys would go fourteen miles to liiWl on horseback.
Sometimes we would go with a wagon and take a load, and then
it would take two days. Often the settlers had to go over to the
Big Miami for provisions. Sometimes two men would join teams
and go with four horses, and bring a big load. Once I went with
Clark Willcutts' son (we were boys) on horseback to a mill four
miles east of Richmond, to get a grist of corn. We each got a
sack of corn, took it to Cox's mill, got it ground, and took the
meal home. It was twenty miles and took us two days.

" Pork was $1.50 a hundred net, and sometimes $1, or even less
than that. As late as 1835, when I was Justice, I rendered
judgment on a debt, and the defendant said he had wheat at
Jeremiah Cox's mill, and he could not get HI cents a bushel, in
money, to pay the debt. At Newport, Jonathan Unthank sued
David Bowles for $5, balance on a store debt. Bowles was angry
and declared he would never trade with Unthank any more. " To
think, " he said, " that I have traded there so much, and he must
go and sue me for $5 I" Benjamin Thomas (Wayne County) said
he had as good wheat as ever grew, and he could not get 12J
cents a bushel, in money, to pay his taxes !

" In making " Quaker Trace," in 1817, twenty-five or thirty
men started with three wagon-loads of provisions. I went about
twenty-five miles (beyond the Misaissinewa River) until one wag-
onload was gone, and then returned with that team."

[Mr. Bowen thinks that Sample's mill, on White River, was
the first mill of any importance in the country. He says, also,
that Cox's mill liad at first a hand bolt, and that flour had to be
bolted by hand, which was a slow and tedious process].

[Ephram Bowen came from Ohio in a big Shaker wagon, with
a load of " plunder," and then went back after his falnily.
The patent for his quarter-section was signed by James Madison.
E. B. was an intelligent, devoted Methodist, and did much to
help plant the foundations of religion in this western wilderness.
His dwelling was the " preacher's home," and a preaching station
for more than thirty years. The first meeting was held at his
house, and the first sermon was preached there also. All the
Methodists in the region were there, and others, perhaps thirty
persons. The descendants of E. B. are numerous and wide-
spread. There were at his death seventy grandchildren and many
great-grandchildren. E. B. and his family are a fine specimen
of the hardy pioneers who subdued these Western wilds. Courag-
eous, honest, industrious, devout, intelligent, energetic, upright.

III8T0IIY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

enterprising, successful ; their labors and achievements have
helped thehowling wilderness to become the" garden of the Lord,"
and to cause the " desert to bud and blossom as the rose."]

SILAS JOHNSON, 1817.

" I was fifteen years old when father came here. Paul Beard
and John Moorman and Francis Frazier and John Barnes were
here when we came. Paul Beard came the same spring. The others
had come perhaps the year before. Curtis Cleny came, I think,
the same fall. Daniel Shoemaker, James Frazier, David Ken-
worthy were early settlers. The settlers before us had not been
here more than a year, perhaps not so long. John Barnes was
very old and he died last spring (1880 ).

"James Frazier (bell-maker) had a large family, and lived in
a " camp." The roof-poles of his camp were put in the forks of
a cherry tree. There came a heavy snow May 4, after the
leaves were out, and broke down his forks, roof — snow and all
right on their heads.

" The Friends first attended meeting at Center Meeting in
Wayne County, but soon Lynn meeting was set up (about 1820).

" Francis Frazier lived west of the pike, a mile south of Lynn.
Daniel Kenworthy lived east of Jesse Johnson. Curtis Cleny
lived a mile south. Daniel Shoemaker lived a half mile east of
Lynn. James Frazier lived one mile east of Lynn.

CHOLERA, 1849.

" In the morning about breakfast, a black cloud came up from
the east, dark and threatening ; there was some thunder and a
little rain, suddenly a sharp stroke of lightning seemed to strike
the earth between Mr. Palmer's and the four corners, a mile east
of Lynn. The sky was filled with smoke, and a fearful sicken-
ing smell as of burning sulphur filled the air, which lasted some
time. A little while afterward, that same morning, John Lister
and two sons (one a lad ) passed those corners. They were all
taken sick that evening, John died next morning, and his oldest
son during the day. The lad lingered a month, but recovered.
William llodgin passed next, and then Henry Benson and three
others ; they were all taken sick and died tlie next day or very
shortly. On Chamness' place, a mile ofl^, five or six were taken
sick, but they did not die.

Isaac Moody and Jonathan Clevinger nursed the sick all the
time, but were not sick themselves. Most of the persons east and
south of those corners were taken sick. Twenty-seven died, and
a few got well. It lasted two or three weeks. There seemed to
be an uncommonly sharp smell after dark. [See W. Pickett's,
Francis Frazier's and W. D. Stone's accounts].

When Jesse Johnson came in the fall of 1817 (perhaps),
Paul Beard had cleared a field and burned the standing trees
black by piling the brush of the undergrowth around the roots of
the trees and then burning the brush piles.

Settlers at that time were Pajil Beard, Sr., Francis Frazier,
John Moorman, John Barnes (Wayne County), Travis Adcock,
Isaac Hockett (Cherry Grove), Gideon Frazier.

David Kenworthy had entered land ( 80 acres ) some years
before, but he came after Jesse Johnson did.

Jesse Johnson had been here and had entered the land, and
came and settled soon afterwards.

Curtis Cleny was the next that bought near Francis Frazier,
John Moorman and Travis Adcock.

Cleny was in the Indian war of 1811-13, in the block-
house and scouting in the region.

James Frazier and John Baxter came the next spring. Ed-
ward Hunt came when Jesse Johnson did, fcnd settled west of,
and near to Lynn, 1817. James Abshire was an early settler,
northwest of Lynn. He was a famous hunter. His son Isaac
Abshire is still residing in thatregion."

IRA SWAIN, 1815.
" My father, Elihu Swain, was born in 1759, on Nantucket

Island, moved from there to Guilford County, N. C, in 1776 ;
to Jefferson County, East Tennessee, in 1785 ; to Wayne County,
Ind. (near Randolph County line) in 1815, and died in 1848,
aged nearly ninety. He married Sarah Mills in North Carolina
in 1782. They had ten children, six boys and four girls— John,
Nathaniel, Hannah, Samuel, Joseph, Lydia, Elihu, Rachel, Job
and Ira. The family lived in a tent made of a wagon sheet for
three weeks or more, lying in beds on the ground. Tliey built a
pole cabin, which for some time had a Yankee blanket for a door.

" For two or three years the children used to play with the
Indians, who were plenty. A dozen Indians lived noar, with
their families, in "camps," made of poles set up in a circle, with
ash bark peeled off the tree for a roof, the fire being built in the
middle and a hole at the top in the peak to let off the smoke.

" In two or three years the Indians left their wigwams and
came back no more, but their little pole tents stood tenantleas
and desolate for years.

" Ore little Indian by the name of " Jim," who lived not 200
yards away, and with whom I played many a day when we were
boys there together, was adopted by Judge Reeves, and grew up
civilized. I met him years afterward at La Porte, Ind. He
knew me, though I did not know him. He had traveled a great
deal, but he came back, and lived on Judge Reeves' old place a
few years ago, remaining there until he died. When our family
were coming from Tennessee, I saw a sight of cruelty which will
stick by me to my dying day, and the memory of which has done
much to fasten in ray mind an eternal hatred of human slavery.
As we came through Richmond, Ky., a man was being flogged near
the road where we passed. I was but a child, but I remember it
well. The man's hands were drawn down over his knees, and a
stick was thrust through between his arms and his legs, thug
fastening him forward. His body was naked, and they were
whipping him terribly. He was screaming with all his might,
and his back and hips were all cut into a jelly. It was a fearful
eight.

" Father entered Congress land. The twelve-mile purchase was
in market, but the land west of it was not, being surveyed in
1821-22. Father had to go or send to mill to Connersville (thirty
miles). They would buy corn near the mill and get it ground
and bring the meal home.

" The first school was near David Moore's (in 1816 or 1817),
with, perhaps, twenty scholars. The house was a pole cabin,
14x18 feet. One end of it was cut out (much of it) for a fire-
place. We used to pile up logs in the fire-place (i. e., the larger
scholars did) for a rousing big fire. The fire-place was built up
to the mantel, with puncheons filled in with clay inside, and the
chimney was made above with sticks and clay around. The fl6or
was puncheons, and the benches were split poles with legs. The
older pupils used to get wood at noon to last till the next day
noon. That was not much trouble, though the chief care was
not to fell the trees on the schoolhouse, and it took "lots " of
wood to keep the house warm.

"For several winters we had no shoes. Then father dug out
a large log and made a big trough and tanned some hides, and
made some leather, and so wo got some shoes. One man who
had a trough and some hides tanning, intending to move
and wishing to take his hides along (I suppose they were
not tanned enough, and he thought there was no bark on
the prairie where he was going), made a big truck wagon
with wooden wheels, sawed from a large oak tree. He
loaded his tan trough, bark, hides and all, upon his huge
truck-wagon, and away he started for Illinois. After trav-
eling two or three days, he bethought himself that he had left;
some tobacco in a crack of his cabin, and, leaving his folks and
team (of oxen) in the woods, he "footed" it back after the to-
bacco, found it, got it, and tramped back again, spending two or
three days in the operation. What the folks did meanwhile I do
not know ; I suppose they just waited there in the woods, cook-
ing and eating, and taking it easy.

^^AriiZ-

If • '-\ , ,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

'• The people in those days maile 'hand-mills' with stones 'a
foot over ' to grind com with. To turn them was hard work.
My wife's father once took a peck of corn to grind on one of
them ; a boy came with a tin cup to toll the grist. The man
ground and ground, till he got so tired that he called out to the
boy, " Come here, sonny, with your tin, and get some more toll,
or I sh.all never get done." People went on horseback, or rather
walked and led the horse, with a sack of corn or meal on his
back, thirty miles to mill. A man or a boy would go with a
horse and three bushels of corn in a four-bushel sack all
that distance. Johnny Banks made a great improvement ; he
loaded one horse and attached a rein, leading one and riding
another, thus not exactly killing two birds with one stone, but
what was still better, getting two grists of corn to mill with one
boy. Great labor-saving invention, to make on • boy to accom-
plish the work of two, and more than that, for the led horse, hav-
ing no boy to " tote," could take a full load of corn. We were
often two weeks without bread. However, mother could make
plenty of lye hominy, and we had potatoes, and sweet potatoes,
and sweet pumpkins and squashes, and plenty of bacon and
chickens and eggs, venison, wild turkey, etc., so tli't people need
not starve even on such fare."

"Mr. Blount lived at first on the Zimmerman pi ice [southern
part of West River]. Mr. Barnes Uvea south of it.

Griffith Davis lived south of Mount Pleasant Church. Will-
iam Smith settled a mile north. .He came in 1817. I remem-
ber the " falling timber." I saw a tree fall between the house
and the corn-crib, and remember playing under the tree top, as it
lay there, with Cahoon's children, an Irish family, who lived near
by. I recollect father's trying to get some colts that were in the
woods among the fallen timber. We could see them and hear
them " whinny," but he could not get them. They worked
round home in three or four days. Tlie cattle also took several
days to come home. We could hear them bawl, but they
could not be got at. One heifer did not come, but we got her a
year afterward. A man saw the mark on her and came and
told us, and father went and got her. My sister was keeping
house for Isaac Branson, with his children ; father clam-
bered over the trees after the storm and got there ; half of the
house roof was blown off, and the stable roof also, and the logs
were blown down round the horse, so that he could not move, yet
he was not hurt ; their cow was killed, and that was the only
animal we knew to have been hurt. Tree.s were blown crosswise
in every direction ; east of our house it blew down but little ;
the storm seemed to rise for a space, but it came down again near
Albert Macy's and took his house roof off; by-and-by it rose, and
did net come down any more. The crops were injured, but not
so badly as one might think ; there was no hail ; the worst of
the storm was north of us. The house we lived in at the time
of the storm is standing yet, and in good repair."

w. M. nOTKIN (1816).

"My father was a tanner ; his tan troughs are here yet, though
out of use for many years. A large cherry tree is growing in the
end of one of them, as it lies buried in the ground. General muster
used to be held on father's farm. A colored man named Jack
ran away from Kentucky in early times and came to ray father's,
stopping awhile to work. One night a spelling-school was held
in father's cabin. While they were spelling, a knock was heard at
the door ; father went to the door and asked who was there. Jack
heard the reply, and knew his master's voice. Peter Botkin
opened the window and let Jack jump out and escape. The
master offered father ^50 to help him get the slave, but we helped
hira off instead.

Plows were made almost wholly of wood ; the bar and share
were iron, but the moldboard, etc., were of wood"; sometimes

a piece of a saw or the like would be put over the moldb&aru to
make the plow scour.

To make a cradle to rock the baby in, we took a hollow buck-
eye and split the log, and put rockers on the bottom.

I have cut many a cord of wood at 20 cents a cord and board,
and have split rails at 9J cents a hundred. I have worked many
a day for 25 cents, and 37-| cents in harvest, from sunrise tifl
sundown at that. Wheat was 87-i- cents a bushel, and pork $1.25
a hundred net. I used to slide on the ice barefooted ; the skin
on the bottom of my feet was hard, almost like a stick.

Methodist meetings were held in fither's cabin, and quarterly
meeting at Jesse Cox's. ■ Father's cabin burned down, and then
meetings were held elsewhere; William Hunt and Nathan Gib-
son were preachers ; father was very poor when we came to Ran-
dolph.

There is now on my place a tan trough, made by my father
more than sixty years ago, hollowed from the body of a large
tree, the top of the tree, some thirty feet long, being still in con-
nection with the trough. There are also rails, made of white
oak, of blue ash and of walnut, still sound and in use on the farm,
made by father before 1820, and put up into fences by him on
his original farm in that early day. It is only two or three years
since I changed the location of some of the rails which had lain
all that long time unmolested in a fence, and the "crossing" of
the rails were firm and sulid."

[Mr. Botkin, poor though he v/as when a boy, as his story
shows, is poor no longer. He owns several hundred acres of ex-
cellent land ; has a splendid brick mansion in a beautiful situa-
tion ; is a thrifty and prosperous farmer, and a prominent and
influential citizen, foremost in every good work. It is really a
wonder how many of the rich men of the day are sons of men
who were very poor, and some of them widows' sons and even
orphans.

Thomas Ward's father was not able to enter forty acres of land.

Nathan Cadwallader's father died when Nathan was a lad ;
their old horse died and they were too poor to buy another.

John Fisher was an orphan boy who rode a pony alone from
Carolina to Indiana.

Simeon Branham was an orphan boy who went for himself
alone in the world at sixteen years old. And so on ad infinitum.

JOHN FISHER, 1817.

" Father was forty-five and mother was forty-two years of age
when they died and left me alone orphan in the world. I knew
of no settlers in Randolph when I came but those on Nolan's
Fork. What I understood to be the first wagon that went to
White River was that of William Wright, from Clinton County,
Ohio, in the fall of 1817."

[Mr. Fisher is mistaken. Settlers hail come upon Nolan's
Fork, Greensfork, Martindale Creek and West River in 1815,
and on White River in the summer of 1816. Mr. Wright's wagon
may have been the first that passed through that neighborhood
two miles north of Newport { Fountain City). The company
from Carolina in the spring of 1817, bound for White River, most
likely went along a route farther west, past Economy, Joseph
Gass', etc.]

" I owned a little mare and a saddle and bridle, and nothing
else. I was an orphan boy and had no more than that ponv
and its accouterments. I had heard of the free and glorious
Northwest, the grand and fertile plains beyond the mountains
and the river, where no slave might tread; and set my heart to
find that wondrous country, and I found it and thanked God for
the consolation. I crossed the Blue Ridge at ' Ward's Gap,'
thence to Grayson C. II., Wythe C. H., Abingdon, Va., head
of Holston River, Tennessee, a large spring, from which flows a
wonderful stream as big as the White Water at Richmond. I
traveled down Ilolston to French Broad, turning north into Ken-
tucky, crossing Clinch Mountain, and Cumberland Mountains to
Cumberland River, and so on to Kentucky River, Cincinnati,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Richmond. The latter place had perhaps thirty houses, one small
store kept by Robert Morrison, one log tavern, etc.

Newport was founded in 1822. It was a solid wilderness for
years after I came. I have voted at every Presidential election,
beginning with Madison's second term, 1816. I voted for rdadi-
son, Monroe and Adams, against Jackson, Van Buren ; for Har-
rison and Taylor, against Polk, Pierce, Buchanan ; for Lincoln,
Grant and Hayes. I hope to give yet one more vote, and to help
elect one more Republican President, and then I must leave
national politics for younger hands [Friend Fisher had his wish.
He went to the polls and helpeil elect another Republican Presi-
dent ; and nov/ he is gone to the land " where the wicked
cease from troubling, and where the weary are at rest." He
lacked thirty hours of living long enough to hear the candidate of
his choice declared President by the presiding officer of the Sen-
ate in the joint convention of the whole Congress assembled to
witness the counting of the electoral votes and the proclamation
of the grand result. The second Wednesday of February was on
the 9th, and he died on the morning of the 8th, at 6 o'clock.
Father Fisher's era of life was truly an eventful one].

Mr. Fisher says : " I had no wagon for seven or eight years ;
my hauling was all done on a sled, winter and summer. In 1826,
a neighbor and I bought a wagon ' to the halves ' and we used
it in company. In 1829, I bought his half and owned it alone.
That was an event in my life, to be the'sole owner of a two horse
wagon. Wagons were like 'angels' visits, few and far between.

•' Of course there were some wagons in the country, but great
numbers had none, and I belonged to that numerous class until
the eventful hour when the bargain was struck, the trade was
complete, and the wagon was mine, all mine. "

JANE FISHER, 1817.

" Father, Edward Starbuck, Sr., came to Wayne County, in
1817. The family who came were father and mother and nine
children. One daughter had been married in Carolina, and did
not come till afterward. Father had, in all, eighteen children ;
ten by his first wife and eight by the second, nine boys and nine
girls, the first set five and five, and the second set four and four.
The first that died was Phcbe (Leverton), sixty years old, and that
was when the youngest was twenty -three years old. The father
and eighteen children were alive till the youngest was twenty-three
years old. The whole eighteen were married. The next that
died was James, sixty-five; Edward, sixty-one; Betsey, eiglitv.
Thirteen are still living. (1880).

" I have a large platter (pewter) which was my father's in
Carolina, which he got from his mother. Its age is probably not
less, perhaps more, than 120 years. The platter is fifteen inches
across, is heavy and thick, and has never been remolded."

Mrs. F. has an iron candlestick, more than fifty years old, and
as good as new, made by her uncle, Zachariah Coffin, a famous
blacksmith of those early days. It is " the old candlestick "—
the family candlestick — that used to hang, by a hook at the top,
from a chair back, to study by, when people were thankful for
"tallow dips;" and the splendors of gaslight and kerosene
were a thing unknown and unimagined-

She can show several wooden trays forty years old, in
good condition, though dusty for lack of use. She can show
also the greatest curiosity and oddity of all, in the identical "first
coat and pants," made for and worn by her oldest son Daniel,
now in his fifty-ninth year. The ancient' relic must bo about
fifty-five years old. They arc truly quaint and odd ; the coat is
not " shad-belly," but more like " sWallow-tail ; " the pants are
" single fall, " as was the fashion sixty years ago ; the buttons arc
good, bright, brass buttons, good for fifty years more; the cloth
is striped, home-made, strong and smooth, and just a trifle coarse.

Mrs. F. says: " When we ' kept house,' at first, we had a
tabic, four cups and saucers, half a dozen plates, four knives and
f)rks, one iron pot, one skillet, one rolling pin, four chairs, one
light featherbed, two sheets, one flaxand-cotton, and one tow,

one quilt, one coverlet. I have the coverlet yet. Mother wove
it herself, in old Guilford County, N. C, and she gave it to rae.
I have had it more than sixty years, and how much older it is I
cannot tell I borrowed a straw tick of Aunt Rebecca for three
or four weeks, till I could make some for myself out of tow,
which I did, all but the weaving — I hired that done. For a
bedstead, I borrowed an auger and made two benches out of
puncheons, and lugged in nine clapboards and put across on the
benches, and on this new, grand bedstead I made up our bed ;
and, let me tell you, I was "set up ' greatly, and felt as proud of
my bed, all nice and neat, as of anything I ever had. My
brother Edward and myself went back to North Carolina ten or
twelve years ago. I was surprised, and pleased, also, to find
how well I remembered the country ; I could go anywhere, and
knew every hill and stream, every road and farm, although I
had been absent fifty years. I found in that ancient region four
aunts and one sister, whom I had not seen since my father
moved away. They were, of course, greatly rejoiced that we
should be spared to meet, face to face, this side of glory land. "
[Note. — Mrs. Jane Fisher, relict of John Fisher, deceased,
departed this life at the dwelling of her son in-law, Capt. J. R.
Jackson, Union City, Ind., Thursday, February 4, 1882, aged
about seventy-eight years. She had become much enfeebled,
having, some months before her death, suffered a paralytic
stroke, from the effects of which she never recovered.]

TEMPLE AND PRISCILLA SMITH, 1817.

"Jo.seph Hockett came to Randolph County, Washington
Township, in 1816. The Quaker meeting was set up at Cherry
Grove in 1816 or 1817 ; they built a double log cabin for a
meeting-house.

" Bloomingsport was laid out not far from 1828, by Nathan
Hockett. Alfred Blizzard built the first house; Beeson kept
the first store.

" Dr. Paul Beard, Sr., was the first physician in the region ;
there was none in Bloominsgport for a long time. Dr. Gideon
Frazier resided there in somewhat early years.

" Other physicians were Drs. Gore, Strattan, Kemper, etc.
Messrs. Beeson, Comfort, Bullard, Budd, Wyatt, Wright, Coggs-
hall, Hockett, etc., have been merchants.

" There has been a potter's shop, a wheelwright's shop, a saw-
mill, a grist-mill, etc.

"There are two churches, Methodist and United Brethren.
At Ridgeville, fifty-four years ago, Meshach Lewallyn's daughter
Polly married David Hammer. At the wedding supper, the
bride's brothers were present, and one of them, dressed in buck-
skin hunting-shirt and leather belt, and with a butcher knife at
his waist, undertook to carve the turkey, and did it with his hunt-
ing knife.

" At another wedding, the people tad gathered, but the supper
was not yet done ; and as the women were trying to bake pones or
slapjacks or something, the crowd of half-drunken fellows would
snatch and eat as fast as the women would bake, till at last, one
chap, not quite so drunk as the rest, took a club, and stood and
watched, and guarded the women till they got enough baked-for
supper. This was at the house where the boys were chopping as
related below. The family was immense, a dozen children or so ;
the cabin was small. They had a loom in the house but took it
down and out, to make room for the ' weddingers.' "

Mrs. Smith says: " When I was twelve years old, my sister
and myself went to help one of the neighbors pick wool. They
baked a great " pone," and turned it out on the floor. The
ducks came in, waddling and quacking, and fell to pecking away
at the ■' pone " till they had broken it badly. The woman had
her milk set under the bed, and in scaring the ducks away from
the "pone," they scattered and ran under the bed, and went
floundering and plunging and paddling " slapdab " through the
milk. As the ducks went out, the sheep came in, 'baa-baaing ' all
over the room. We went home without eating, and said to

HISTORY OV RANDOLPH COUNTY.

motlicr, '■ If those folks wish us to pick wool, they must bring
the wool here ; we can't stand such living;' and our picking wool
there :iraong the sheep and ducks was at an end.

" The boys would come in and stamp the mud oft' their feet
upon the floor until the dirt was so thick that they had to scrape
it from the floor with a hoe to let the door shut. One of our
neighbors told us to be sure to call on a family of " new-comers,"
who, he said, were "upper crust," neat, stylish people, and
that we must fix up our best. So one day sister and I fixed up
in our " nicest," and went over there, a little afraid that we were
not slick enough. When we got there, lo, and behold, a sight
indeed ! Four boys, brothers, from eight years and upward, were
at the wood-pile chopping wood, with their shirts on and — nothing
else ! We were taken aback, and thought we must have got to
the wrong place. But no, this was the very house. We went
in ; they set us some stools, black and greasy from having had
meat chopped on thera. Hardly knowing what to do, we spread
some handkerchiefs on the stools and sat down. It was winter,
and the creeks were frozen. The boys went out to the ice to
slide barefooted, and when they came back their feet were as red
as lobsters. "Are not your feet cold ?" " No, they burn," was
the reply. And such times the folks had, and such things were
done by young and old in days of ' auld lang syne.' "

PAUL BEARD, JR., 1817.

" Settlers, about the same time with my father, were James
Frazier, east of Lynn ; Francis Frazier; John Pegg, three miles
southwest of Beard's; Obadiah Harris, Cherry Grove ;• Stephen
Hockett, Cherry Grove ; Edward Thornburg, Cherry Grove ;
Travis Adcock, Curtis Cleny, Jesse Johnson shortly after, and
perhaps others."

[Paul Beard, Jr., and his wife are both living at this time,
1880.]

MRS. PAUL BEARD, DAUGHTER OF BENJAMIN CO.K, 1817.

" Mother was greatly afraid of tlie Indians ; father was not
afraid of them at all. They would come at night ; father would
get UD and make a fire, and let them sit and smoke and stay all
night if they wished. Sometimes they would come late in the
night and wish to warm, and when they were warm they would
go away. Father had to go to Richmond for grain and for mill-
ing; this was too much trouble, and they used to pound corn for
bread.

" Father made a sweep with a maul at the end, and a pin
through the maul ; two men would take hold of the pin, one on
each side, and thus work the maul to pound the corn into
meal in a trough or mortar below. We took the finest for bread,
and the coarse for mush. We raised a kind of squash that was
excellent for baking; many a meal has been made on baked
squash and milk and butter.

Benjamin Cox was a great hunter, and killed abundance of
deer. He has shot as many as five and six deer in a day. A
prairie was near and also a spring; he would sprinkle salt around
the spring, and the deer would come to lick the salt. He made a
scaifold, ten or twelve feet high, in the forks of two elm trees, and
from that he watched the deer, and shot them as they came.
He has killed scores of deer from that scaffold. Mrs. Beard
thinks her father was the first settler on White River, east of
Winchester.

" John Cox, father of Benjamin Cox, came in the spring of
1818; Joshua and John Cox, sons of John Cox, came in the
fall of 1818.

" Thomas Ward and Joseph Moffatt came shortly afterward ;
Jonathan Hiatt, Zachariah Hiatt and Jehu Robison came not
long after.

"White River meeting-house was built of logs in 1820 or
1821. It was warmed by a box filled with dirt, with coals or bark
on the top for a fire."

" Mrs. Paul Beard, Jr., is the daughter of Benjamin Cox.

She was born in 1813; she married Paul Beard, Jr., in 1033.
They have had nine children, eight are living and seven married."

ELIHi; CAMMACK, 1817.

"The floor of the barn on my father's farm near Arba was
made of lumber sawed by hand with a whip-saw, done in this
way : The log was put on a high frame, and one man stood above
on the log and the other below, and they sawed somewhat as with
a cross-cut saw. The work was slow and very tedious, but there
was no other way then and there. That barn was covered with
shingles, and was reckoned the best barn in all that region.

" The meeting-house was warmed by a dirt box. They would
have a great log heap fire out of doors, and take the box out to
the fire and shovel in coals enough, and then take it buck into
the house, and set it in the middle of the room, and people would
get round it and warm themselves as well as they could.

" The cabin in which I was born sixty-three years ago is still
standing and in good repair. The roof has been renewed, but
the logs are sound, and a family occupies it now. The cabin was
" scutched down," i. e., scored and hewed down after the build-

" I have hauled to Cincinnati many winters ; the price for
hauling was 50 cents per hundred; the trip took a week. A.
man would make from $6 to $9 a trip. Teamsters on the " pikes"
would have big Conestoga wagons, and four to six horses, and take
tremendous loads — equal to a small ship. Dealers would pack
meat in " bulk," and teamsters would haul it " loose," and some-
times, when they would get "stalled," they would throw the load
of meat out on the ground, like a pile of wood, and come back
afterwards and pick it up again. The first wagon I ever owned
myself, about 1841, I bought the iron for in Cincinnati, and got
the money to pay for it with by selling (hauling) bacon, smoked,
'hog-round,' good, sweet and nice, to Cincinnati from near Arba,
at $2.12 per hundred. The iron was P.50 per hundred. I have
hauled wheat to Eaton, selling at 37J cents a bushel. I have
fattened hogs and sold the pork, net, at Spartanburg for $1.2o
under two hundred, and $1.37, two hundred full. This was
done about 1842-43. Henry Peacock, of Jericho, now dead,
has told me that since he settled in Jericho, he has paid $18 a bar-
rel for salt, and paid for it in pork at $2 a hundred.

" I must give you a story told me on himself by Judge W. A.
Peele, at Indianapolis, when he was Secretary of State. When
he was a boy just old enough to turn the grindstone, his father
and himself went to my grandfather's to grind an ax. They
went into the house ; grandmother had lately made a rag carpet,
perhaps the first in the county. His father walked in, and
stepped on the carpet. William thought the carpet was some
nice cloth spread upon the floor, and that his father had done
very wrong, so he tried to better the matter by undertaking to
jump across it. lie failed, and stumbled upon it, and got dirt on
the carpet, and was scolded and laughed at besides for all the
pains he took to keep off the wonderful and mysterious thing."

WILLIAM DIGOS, JR., LATE OF WHITE RI%'ER, 1816.

" I was born in Anson County, N. C, December 17, 1798.
In the year of 1816, I came to Indiana to seek a home for my-
self. Paul, Henry H., William and Robert Way and "I
came across the country from North Carolina in a road wagon,
crossed the Ohio River at Louisville, Ky.; came to Blue River,
•but not being pleased with the country, we came to Wayne
County, made our temporary abode at Charlotte Way's (afterward
my mother-in-law), and looked around for suitable places. We
finally selected our lands and built our camps about two miles
west of Winchester. I remained there till the latter part of Au-
gust, when the Indians became so numerous that our friends ad-
vised us to abandon our claims and seek safety in the settlements.

" I was married to Charlotte Way October 6, 1816, and re-
turned to my claim in February, 1817. At that time there was
only one white settler nearer than twelve miles.

HISTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

" We moved into a camp and lived in it till I could cut the
logs and build a small log house, which seemed a palace to us
then. Vie saw no white man's face for eight weeks after settling
there. ]5ut Indians were plenty, yet peaceable.

" The first year, I cleared four acres of ground, and planted it
in corn, but it did not ripen, and we had to go to Richmond, where
settlers had been living for twelve or fifteen years, for all oiir
breadstuffs. Wheat was then 75 cents a bushel, and corn ?1.

" When we were getting out of bread, I would start on horse-
back for the White Water, buy a sack of corn, get it ground, and
take it home. In this way we lived till more settlers came. Not
long after, small hand-mills were introduced into the county, and
as soon as the corn became too hard for roasting, we would take
a small jack-plane, shave the corn off the cob and dry it. We
would take this corn to a hand-mill and grind it into meal. The
nearest mill to my house was three miks.

" Often I have worked hard all day, and then taken a sack of
corn on ray back to the mill, and gone home with it to furnish
bread for my family next day.

" In this manner we lived till the country settled up so as to
afford better accommodations. We brought up nine children ; all
but one are living vet, and they were all born in Randolph
County, and on White River. The eldest, Fannie, now Mrs.
Matthew Hill, lives at Jericho, Randolph Co., Ind. ; Anna, now
Mrs. Jesse Reynard, lives east of Buena Vista, Randolph
Co., Ind.; Eunice, now Mrs. Thomas Sloorman, of Winchester,
Ind.; Pleasant W., married Anna Peacock, and now resides at
Earlliam, Madison Co., Iowa; Agnes, not living; Henry H.,
married Sarah Wright (now deceased), and afterward Lois Ann
Carpenter. Their home is at Nora, Jo Daviess Co., 111. An-
thony Diggs, married Elvira C. Thomas, daughter of George
and Asenath Thomas, and they reside at Earlham, Madison Co.,
Iowa ; Ruth, married Matthew W. Diggs, and they live at Farm-
land, Randolph Co., Ind. After our children left us, we sold the
farm which had been our home so many years, and moved to
Poplar Run, to be near some of our children. We remained
there some years when my wife's health became poor, and the
children had all left that neighborhood. We sold that farm also
and moved to Winchester. In about sixteen months my beloved
companion died. Since then I have made my home with my
children, and am now residing at Earlham, Iowa. My age is
now eighty-nine years."

Paul W. Way. Henry H. Way, William Way, and Robert
Way and myself, came in the summer of 1816 ; Henry H.
Way and myself were both single, and we married during the
winter of 1816-17, he taking for his wife Rachel Manlove, of
Wayne County, Ind.; Robert Way stayed, as did all the group
but"paul Way, who returned to Carolina and brought back a
large company in the spring of 1817. During the spring or
summer of 1817, William Way went to the South and brought
his father and mother to White River.

Paul Way and his company got to White River in the spring
of 1817. crossing the Ohio River on the ice with their wagons.

[Note. — That winter was very cold].

" Henry, William and Robert Way built cabins for themselves
and the rest. Persons from Williamsburg, fifteen miles away,
came and helped raise the cabins.

Fanny (Diggs) Hill is the first white child born in White
River, her birthday being September 11, 1817 ; she is living still.
My wife died January 31, 1877. I went to Jo Daviess County,
III, in May, 1877, to visit my children, stayed there three
months, went on to Iowa, and am in Iowa still.

My health is good, I can walk around town and to church,
etc. I am an Orthodox "Body Friend," never having gone with
any "separations."

I have voted at every Presidential election since I was old
enough to vote, casting my first Presidentiar ballot for James
Monroe in 1816, and having voted for President in all seventeen

times. I Wiis a Whig in the days of that party, and have since
been and still am a Republican."

FANNY (diggs) HILL, 1817.

" I went to school first at Williamsburg, in Wayne County,
Ind., when eight or nine years old. I attended school also un-
der Henry D. Huffman in a log schoolhouse three miles west of
Winchester. For a wonder, that house had window sash and
glass !

When my mother was getting me to .sleep one day, she heard
a noise outside the cabin door. Hurrying to the door, she looked
out, and lo! there stood a bear!

She scared it away, and it went to the milk-house, and tore
the cloth off the milk-strainer, etc., but shortly went away.

Father for years had but one horse ; mother has many a time
gone out and cut an armful of wild grass to feed the horse.

My mother's father, Henry Way, of Wayne County, Ind.,
was killed by lightning.

Mother used to tell me that we were the first family on
White River, and that our cabin was fifteen miles away from
any other dwelling, and that for six weeks she saw no white per-
son's face but that of her own husband. She used to tell me that
the Indians told her when they were at her cabin how easily they
could have killed her and sister while the girls were milking, as
the Indians lay hid in the brush.''

FRANCIS FRAZIER, LYNN.

" I ustd to kill many deer. Really, I was too fond of it. My
friends tried to get me to quit. George Sugart, with a committee
of Friends, undertook to visit me to give me advice. I managed
to shun them three times, but the fourth time they caught me at
home, and I could not dodge them. They talked kindly and
urged me to lay aside my gun. I tried to do so for awhile, but
' what is bred in the bone, will break out in the flesh.'

" One day a boy told me that some swine needed attention
out in the woods. I went, taking my gun. Tying two pigs to-
gether with my suspenders, I slung them across my shoulder, and
started for the house. Along flew the hound, chasing some deer;
pell mell they went and I after them. I tossed the pigs between
some logs and laid off my shot pouch ; had my coat on my shoulder
and lost it. I shot one deer, and chased the other a mile and a
half, but could not get it. I came back and found the dead deer,
a splendid buck, throe snagged, three years old. I-hung it up,
hide on, entrails out, and went to hunt for my pigs- They were
gone, so were my " gallowses," and I have never seen them to this
day, though that was fifty years ago, or more than that.

" One damp, drizzly day I was out hunting, and heard a hog
squealing terribly. I ran toward the noise, perhaps half a mile ;
came to a thickety pond and started into it. I saw nothing, but
still heard the squealing, and also the bones ' craunching,' and
knew a bear was killing the hog. As I pushed through the
thicket, the thought struck me, " What if I shoot and she takes
after me? There is nothing for me to climb, and I shall be a
' goner.' "

" I turned and went home, and got my two brothers on horse-
back to come. The dog ran in, the bear bit him, and he bounded
out yelling for dear life. The bear bounced out too, and we after
him, jumping logs, and tearing through the bush screeching like a
thousand Indians. The dogs treed the bear, I shot him, and
down he came tearing through the branches, and James rode up
just as the bear fell. We skinned it and took the meat home, but
it was too fat to eat. Once William Kiff came to our house, and
wanted some venison ; so we went out to hunt. The day Wft8
cloudy and misty, and I was not in humor to stay long. I said to
myself, " I will go home ; Kiff may hunt venison for ^fflfself."
All at once a red deer stood near me ; I shot and down' It;?^^ Came.
It was a grand, four snagged buck, right " in the TeT^et'';'^:hprns

HISTORY OF RANUOLPII COUNTY.

drop off in winter. In the spring they begin to grow, and the
horns will come with " points " or snags on, one (on each horn)
for every year of the deer's age. I have spen a deer with thir-
teen snags, seven on one horn and six on the other. I dressed
the deer and carried it in, and "jerked "the meat, i. c., cooked it
in strips over a slow fire. Kiff filled his pockets witii the veni-
son and went home satisfied.

" We nsed to wear shoes and leggings to keep the snakes from
biting us. I have killed nine rattlesnakes in one day, The
woods had plenty of plums and grapes.

" One morning I started toward White River Prairie. Seeing
something run into a hollow log. I stuck my rifle into the log
and let fly, but the recoil of the rifle came near knocking me
down. As 1 went home, I came to a " maple flat," and saw a
great gray wolf coming. I whistled and she stopped, and I shot
at her. I went to the house and got father and Samuel to go
back with me. The old sinner had tried to run, but she had
made five or six beds as she went, and vomited mutton at each
place. After awhile we found her nearly dead. We used wolf-
skins, instead of saddles, like blankets on a horse.

" On ' Fifth Day,' as we were going to meeting, I said to
James, '■ Let us kill a deer as we go home." '' All right," said
he. James' wife spoke up, " If any deer is killed, James will
have it to do." We went after the deer, and the women went
home. We went to a pond and saw deer tracks. There was a
sloping tree with the roots turned up, and James sat there watch-
ing for deer. The bushes crackled, and out sprang two bucks.
One threw his head up, and I shot it between the eyes and the
nose, and down he dropped. "Hallo," cried James, " is the
deer down ?" " Yes." - We tied the feet and carried it home on
a pole. "Well," said James' wife, "who killed the deer'f
"Francis," said James. She hated it that I had shot the deer
instead of her precious husband.

BELL-MAKING.

"My father was a bell maker, and so was I. Bells were in
great demand then. Cattle and horses and sheep ran in the
woods, and there had to be a bell in the flock to keep them to-
gether. I tended a little farm, and would plow till the flies would
vex my beast, and then go and work in the shop, making bells.
In that w«y I would make §17 to $22 worth in a single week.
They sold from 25 cents to $.3.50 a piece. Those heavy ox bells
w.Me large ; they could be heard easily four miles. I have heard
one of thero seven miles. [I questioned the accuracy of his
memory, but the old gentleman rallied gallantly to the defense of
his bell.s, declaring that his statement was simply the sober,
actual fact. — Author.]

" I would take my saddle bags and stuff' them with ' nests ' of
bells, i. e., little bells in bigger ones, perhaps two dozen bells, and
set out for Winchester. The bells were ready sale, cash down. I
would trade for shoes, hats, anything needed, and tie them on
my horse, and go home loaded some times to the very tail of the
horse. People would joke me, " Hi\llo, there, got ahorseback
grocery?" "Yes; can't you see for yourself,'' I would say.
1 made the bells of the best Juniata iron. When father died, the
doctor's bill was $60. He wanted his pay in bells, but I would
not do it, and he took a wagon. Sometimes I used boiler iron,
and sometimes sheet iron, but Juniata (or Sligo) iron was the
best. People would send far for my bells. I sent $16 worth to
Fort Wayne, and they said, " They are the best bells we ever
saw." They sent another order for $100 worth, but I could not
fill it. The demand at home and from Illinois and Iowa movers
was more than 1 could supply. I made bells for over twenty
years.

"I was quite wild at one time of my life, and inclined to
skepticism. I had two nice horses, perfect idols to me. I would
walk to Newport any day rather than ride either of them. One
day as I was plowing I thought, " If there is a God, I wish he
would reveal Himself to me in some way that I may know Him !"

Shortly afterward, as I was in the house, and the horses were
in the stable, suddenly there came a sharp flash of lightning and
a crashing thunder peal. I went to the stable and there were
my beauties with their heads lying on a long trough. I spoke to
them, but they made no sign. The lightning had killed them
both dead. It impressed me greatly, " Turn, or the next will
be thine," rang in my soul. I did turn, and since that time I
have tried in my poor, weak way to serve the Lord, and I hum-
bly trust my Maker looks upon my feeble service with gracious

CHOLERA, 1849.

" The rise of the cholera near Lynn (1849) was very strange
and striking. A cloud rose in the morning from the east, with
some lightning and thunder. The lightning struck the ground
at the cross roads near Isaac Palmer's, east of Lynn, and there
came a terrible smell. The cholera began the same day, and ran
along those roads west and south. The next day, in the morning,
when I was at Newport, a neighbor came for a coffin, and said,
"James Lister is dead with the cholera, sick only a few hours."
I went home instantly. Henry Benson was taken also and died
that night. Ilodgen died also. Jesse Williams came to shave
the corpse, and some one said, "Jesse, what is the matter?"
He quit shaving, went out of the door, sat down, and in a few
minutes he was dead. Hodgen and Williams lay dead together.
Hodgen's wife stayed all night alone with the two corpses.
Hodgen's body was taken away the next morning for burial, and
Williams' corpse lay there alone till the next day. Twenty-
sevendied in all. Ur. Cook came down from Winchester, say-
ing that he could cure it easily enough. He went into the field
and picked and ate blackberries, and in two or three hours he
was dead himself!"

NoTK. — The writer of these sketches then lived at the Union
Literary Institute, near Spartansburg, and some eight miles from
Lynn ; and it was stated at the time that six lay dead before the
one that died first had been buried. And also that two half-
grown lads had to bury their father alone. It was said also that
at Boston, six miles south of Richmond, Ind., the first person
was taken sick at sunrise, and that before sundown six persons
lay dead in that village. Whether these statements were true is
not now known, but it is certain that they were made at the time
as being matters of current news, and that they were supposed
to be correct. The writer well recollects what fear pervaded the
school at the institute lest the dread scourge should break out
amongst them in its terrible power as at Lynn and elsewhere.
The boarding house of the institution was filled with students,
and the cholera among them would have been an awful visitation,
but by God's mercy the fearful plague came no nearer, and they
were spared. [See also statements of Silas Johnson and William
Pickett, and of Elder W. D. Stone.]

JERE SMITH, 1817 — READ AT OLD SETTLERS' MEETING, JUNE

11, 1864.

The subjoined sketch is so apposite and so well drawn that I
cannot forbear to transfer it, in substance, to my pages :

" I came to Indiana, in 1817, with my father, William Smith,
being twelve years old. He stopped that spring near Garrett's mill,
on Green's Fork, two miles above Williamsburg, Ind. The settlers
there were mostly from the same neighborhood in South Carolina
with my father. David Young had come out in the fall of 1816,
rented some ground for father, and a little cabin in a new town
called Salem, in Wayne County, extinct long ago. Father put
in a crop on that land, and stayed there till August, and then
went up into Randolph County. The country all seemed low
and like a river bottom in the jungles. The uncleared land was
full of ramps, a rank, ill-smelling weed, eagerly eaten by the
cows, and utterly ruining their milk. They grew early, how-
ever, and were soon gone. Buckeyes, nettles, gnats and mosqui-
toes were very plenty. In May, I saw the first Indians. An
Indian family camped on the bank of the branch near Salem. I

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

xras terribly afraid, for all I had ever read or heard of cruel,
bloody savages came thronging up to my mind. However, I
ventured up after awhile, and got over my scare. After that, an
old Indian, called Johnny Green, from whom Green's Fork was
named, used to come and talk with us. He would get half
drunk, and then the way he would talk was a wonder. He
would tell of Wayne's fight with the Indians on the Maumee.
He said, acting it out as he talked, ' Injun hide in timber, heap
Injun. White man come, heap white man. Injun shoot, heap
shoot. White man get in a row. Injun heap shoot, heap shoot.
Bimeby old Anthony get mad, heap mad ! Gallop horse along row,
heap halloo, hooee, hoo-ee, hoo-ee.'

"White man come, heap come, keep come, Antony heap
holloo, hoo-ee, hooee, hoo-ee, Injun shoot, heap shoot, white man
keep come, then Injun run, run, run, heap run. Me run, run,
heap run. Bimeby me come to a swamp, me jump in — yoo ook,
sink down, hide, night come, me slip away.' It excited me
grefitly to hear the old Indian savage act out this scene, and tell
the tale of this battle, and the picture remains in my mind vivid
to this day. In Julv, 1817, father entered fractional Sections
5 and 6, Town 18, Range 13 east, near the head of West Fork
of White Water, now in Randolph, but then in Wayne, just east
of the new boundary, and two or three miles farther up than any
other settler, like the Nolan's Fork settlers three years before, on
the utmost verge of civilization. We laid our corn by, helped
Uncle George Smith through harvest ^and haying, and then Aug-
ust 18, 1817, father took his team and'wagon, my two older broth-
ers, David and Carey, and myself, and went nut to his land, sev-
eral miles through the woods, to build a cabin. We stayed all
night at old William Blount's (the Zimmerman Farm), and the next
morning went on, cutting a road as we went. A little after noon
we got to the spot, the top of the hill where my father built, and
where he spent the rest of his days. We cleared the bushes
away, turned the horses to the feed trough on the tongue, and •
went to work. In a week we had a cabin up ami covered, and
had made a fire-place and chimney up to the funnel with dirt
back and jambs, but the house had no floor. Father and one
brother went back to bring the family and things, but my other
brother and myself stayed there and cleared a patch for turnips.
The next week the Aimily came, and we sowed our turnips. We
hud a fe« small late ones that fall. We hewed logs and built a
house in October, and had it floored and ready in December. In
the winter we cleared two acres in the creek bottom, smooth for
meadow, and sowed it in timothy ; also six acres, • eighteen inch-
es and under, ' for corn, and built a smith shop for father to work
at his trade in. He was a blacksmith.

" William Blount lived highest up the creek, but one of his
sons-in-law built a cabin about one-fourth mile above him, and
another son-in-law lived on the same section.

'•John Proctor lived just below on Section 17. Evan Shoe-
maker had the north end, and Griffin Davis the south end of
Fractional Section 18.

"John Jordan (and his son, William) lived on Section 19, in
Wayne County. Thomas Brower and John Gwynn lived below on
the same section. James Malcom was on the northeast (juiirter of
Section 17, and Henry Shoemaker lived with hira. Samuel
Sales, Amy Ilall, and David Jones, lived on the southeast quar-
ter of Section 17. Isaac Barnes and John C. Hodge (brother.s-
in-law), from Beaver County, Penn , had entered land and built
cabins. They went back for their families, and returned in the
spring of 1818, by boat, down the Ohio to Cincinnati, and thence
by land. Mr. Barnes' cabin stood on Section 7, across the
creek from where Blount lived, and where Barrett Barnett lived
a few years ago. Mr. Hodge's dwelling stood on Section 8, near
and south of where my father built, and where Emerson Street
lived ten years ago. So Mr. Hodge was our nearest neighbor.

" The country was thickly covered with a tall, heavy forest,
having a dense undergrowth of shrubs, wild grass and weeds. I
will name the trees most abundant: first, beech, sugar tree, ash.

three varieties, gray, blue and swamp; oak, five varieties, white,
red, burr, pin and river; poplar; walnut — white and black ;
elm — red or slippery, and white or hickory; hickory — white or
shell-bark, and black or pignut ; buckeye, linn, wild-maple, hack-
berry, coffee-nut, honey-locust, cottonwood. The undergrowth
was spice-bush, iron-wood, water-beech, horn-beam, prickly ash,
dog-wood, kunnekanic (Indian name — tree now extinct), red-bud,
pr.paw, wild-plum, red and black haw, sassafias. In swamps
there were black-alder, willow, thorn, crab-apple, young cotton-
wood. Weeds and. grasses were nettles, pea-vines, may-apple,
ginseng, ferns, black snake-root, seneca-root, silk-weed, ramps
(soon extinct), bear-grass, file-grass, skunk's cabbage, pond lily,
cats-tail.

" In clearings, there were butter weeds, thistles, mullen, dog
fennel ; in tilled lands, Spanish needles and touch-me-nots.

" The game were deer, squirrels — gray, red and black ; tur-
keys, pheasants and bears. Other wild animals — wolves, raccoons,
ground hogs, opossums, porcupines, wild cats, foxes, panthers,
mink, otters and polecats. Wild bees were abundant.

" People helped each other roll logs, raise buildings and husk
corn, often going several miles for that purpose. For milling, peo-
ple had to go to Milton, or even to Connersville. My father got a
pair of hand mill-stones, and we ground meal upon them, rather
than go so far to mill. We also beat hominy in a mortar, and
used that and potatoes and squashes and pumpkins instead of
bread. My father finally had his mill-stones geared, and much
of the corn of the neighborhood was ground upon them. Two
turning would grind pretty well, but four would rattle it out
finely.

OLOTiriNG.

" Our clothing was made of flax, wool and deer-skin, all home
made. There was no money to buy " store clothes," and very
few to be bought. Trade was mostly by barter. Peltry, honey,
beeswax (for there were bees, both wild and tame), etc., were trad-
ed for salt, iron (which always had to be bought), and some-
times for leather, though many tanned their own leather, and
many wore only moccasins. Hides were tanned in great troughs
made from trunks of large trees chopped out hollow.

" Winter clothing was coon-skin caps, dressed deer-skin hunt-
ing shirts, pants and moccasins. Summer wear was linen, straw
hats, bare-feet or moccasins. We often got moccasins from the
Indians for corn, butter, hominy, salt, etc. The people, thougli
now they would be called rough and uncouth, were yet neighbor-
ly, kind, sociable and affectionate, and intelligent and moral
withal.

" The wild range was good for many years, and we soon had
plenty of cattle, which furnished abundance of milk, butter and
meat, with hides and tallow to buy salt, iron and leather. From
1821 to 1828, a common way to trade was, so many young cat-
tle for a thing, for (say) a horse, yoke of oxen, piece of land, etc.,
and anything from six months to three years old was "counted
in." If the parties could not agree, the price was settled by
referees. Sometimes so many bushels of wheat or corn would be
the price. In 1826-27, money began to appear somewhat, and
barter became less frequent. However, in the spring of 1838, I
traded a large, rather ugly four-year-old horse, and a half-jvorn
dragon-bitted bridle, for a forty-acre lot a mile west of Winches-
ter, no price being named in the trade.

CLEARING L.^ND.

"Clearing land was done thus : " One foot and under," or
" eighteen inches and under," i. e., all below twelve or eighteen
inches, were cut, and they and the " grubs " and old logs were all
burned up. The rest were deadened by "girdling" [i. c, cut-
ting through the bark, or the sap), or by burning brush heaps
around the trees. If girdled to the " red," the tree would die
immediately ; if only through the bark, it would take two or
three or four years, soonest if deadened in August. The dead-
ened trees would fall more or less, and the land wihi>4 kw

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

to be recleared each season for several years. Many, about tbe
fourth year, would cut down everything standing, and clear the
land fully. The trees would be made into proper lengths for
rolling by "niggering," i. e., burning the trunks into pieces by
piling large limbs and cbunks across, and keeping fires across
the tree-trunks. Attending to these fires was called " watching the
niggers." I have done it many a time, attending sometimes a
hundred fires in one job. Sometimes, at first, land was cleared in
the green, but as soon as they could, it would be done by dead-
ening, and mostly in August, by cutting the undergrowth, with
stubs a foot or so long ; nearly all would rot or die out the third
year. The whole might be cleared by cutting and cross-piling
and firing, with but little labor.

BIRDS AND "VARMINTS."

" When the land was cleared " in the green," the birds, etc.,
for three or four years would nearly take the crop. The trees
left standing would afford them ample refuge, and they would
. take heavy toll. In 1821 or 1822, a general inroad of turkeys,
birds, squirrels, raccoons, and even bears, passed the West River
settlement toward the South. Much of the crops were destroyed.
The creatures crossed over the Ohio into Kentucky ; vast num-
bers were slaughtered as they passed ; I once killed three turkeys
from one flock, and my father and brothers, five more, making
eight in all. The little boys used to »be kept going round the
fields, " hallooing " and screaming, to keep the birds away ;
sometimes yelling themselves hoarse.

" PIGEON ROOST."

" In the fall and winter of 1821-22, a pigeon roost was made
between father's h^i Huntsville, on the southwest quarter of Sec-
tion 33, Township 18, Range 13, and northwest quarter of Sec-
tion 4, Township 18, Range 13. They began in October or
November, and stayed to lay and hatch the next spring. They
would begin to come about sun-down, and keep coming till 8
or 9 o'clock at night ; some flocks would be more than a mile
long. There must have been millions of the birdi ; on still nights,
we could hear their noise to our house, a mile and a half. People
would go there by night and kill them by hundreds, coming from
Martindale Creek, and even from Green's Fork. The birds
would lay their eggs in March, two in a nest, hatch and fly
away, such as were left. I have seen but few for many years.

' FALLEN TIMBER.'

" In 1824, a terrible hurricane passed over my father's house.
It was the second Sunday in July — the regular monthly meeting
of the Baptist Church at Salem, of which my father and mother
were members. My brother David and myself had been there
and were going home ; hence it took place July 11, 1824, at 5
P. M. As we were going along the Jacksonburg road, near the
county line, we saw a black cloud rising in the west and we
stopped in an empty cabin, hitching our colts near by. The
cloud roared terribly, and the sky became suddenly dark; in five
minutes it grew as dark as a starlight nigiit ; no sound was heard
for twenty or thirty minutes but a deep, dead, tremendous roar ;
I heard no rain, no thunder, no trees falling, nothing but that awful
roar, deep, dead and loud ; it stopped quite suddenly, and the sky
grew bright again ; on going out. we saw there had been a heavy
rain, and many trees, both dead and green, had been blown down
around us. We started again for home, two miles north ; some
trees had fallen across the road, but we got to old John Zimmer-
man's (Blount's) place, with little trouble. He and his boys were
out fixing the fence to save the crops ; forty or fifty rods of fence
were flat, and many trees also. John Zimmerman said (he was
Dutch), " You can't kit home, te trees is all blown town acrost
te rote." We said, "We will try." David said, "Our colts
can go through the brush where a wild cat can't." The farther
we went the worse it got. The thick timber began one quarter of

a mile above, and for a half mile to the creek crossing there had.
been no clearing, but it had been dense, unbroken forest. As we
entered the mass of crushed and fallen timber, we tried to follow
the track till we got to where Elijah Arnold built, and his widow
Rhoda still lives (1864). We could get no farther; it was
nearly dark, and stripping the bridles and old riding quilts from
the heads and backs of the colts, we shouldered the things and
put for home. The poor fillies neighed most pitifully as wo
left them ; we got home before long, they came three days
afterward. They never told us how they got through, neither
can I imagine, but they made it somehow; we found the family
unhurt, frightened at tbe terrible storm, but thankful for safety.
Most of the roof was blown off, weight poles and all ; some of the
clap-boards were carried 200 yards or more ; the body of the
house was hewed logs, and they stood firm. Early the next
morning, the whole neighborhood set to work, righting up houses,
buildings, fences, etc., and on Thursday, we got the road opened
again. Half a mile south of father's, a sound, thrifty-growing
beech tree was twisted like a hickory withe, from two to eight
feet above the ground, and was lying down all whole except that
twist. It would seem that the tree had been bent over, and that
while falling, it had been ' whirled ' by the tornado, and the tree
was so tough and green that it would not break, but just twisted
like a withe. I helped cut the tree out of the road ; it had stood
west of the track and lay a little north of east. Another
fact, at John E. Hodge's house, 300 yards south of father's, a
twelve or fifteen gallon iron sugar kettle had been leaning against
the southeast corner of the cabin, a low, one-story building. The
wind moved the kettle three or four feet, and turned it bottom-
upward. Mr. Hodge's cabin was wholly unroofed, and some of
the ribs and logs were thrown out of place ; the wind was stronger
there than at father's, being 300 yards nearer the center of the
storm. How far west or how high up in the air the storm was
formed I never knew; it seems to have struck the timber at the
Randolph and Henry line ; its course was about due east, and
nearly in a straight line, verging slightly south. The extent of
the storm was about six miles from west to cast ; it seems to have
come down to the timber about the county line, and to have come
nearer and widened for two and a half miles, then to have ground
and crushed everything in its reach, for about one and a half
miles in length, and a mile in width ; then it seemed to rise or .
grow weaker, till at length it appeared to pass entirely above the
timber. My father's house and the road we traveled were nearly
a mile west of where its effect ceased, and its crashing track was
about half a mile wide there, its whole track being at that point
about three miles from north to south ; not quite a mile west, the
crashing power was a mile wide, and for two miles farther west, the
crashing force was a mile from one to one and a quarter miles. That
whole region was a dense virgin forest, and the storm threw down
all the timber in one immense mass. Some- four miles west, a
road had been opened north and south ; that road was utterly
blocked, and for years was wholly impassable for man or beast.
This space, four miles east and west, and a mile or so north and
south, was called the " fallen timber." Some ten years later
the settlers began to enter and clear the lands and the tract is now
occupied by fine farms."

So far as known, no person and no animal was killed or in-
jured, which is, indeed, a wonderful fact.

[Note. — It is stated elsewhere that a cow was killed belong-
ing to Isaac Branson. See Reminiscences of Mrs. Anna Retz,
above].

URIAH BALL (1817).

" When father first came west (1817), not being satisfied with
Warren County, Ohio, he took a flat-boat and floated down the
Ohio and the Mississippi, stopping first in Tennessee, near Chick-
asaw Bluffs; he bought out an improvement there and located,
but sickness soon drove us away from that region, and he went
across the river to Little Prairie, Mo. Before long he turned
his face northward again, coming back through Kentucky to

HISTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

Warren County, Ohio. The first Indian I ever saw was near
Chickasaw Bluffs, Tenn. I was afraid of him, and tried to liide
behind father ; but the Indian (all painted and feathered) would
' peek ' around father at me, to scare me, I suppose.

" The great earthquake had occurred a few years before (1811-
12), and at Little Prairie we would often come to great " cracks"
in the ground several feet wide. Sometimes trees Would be stand-
ing split partly open, and " iistraddle " of the crack. Two miles
from Little Prairie, there had been before the edrthquake a lake
of considerable size. The earthquake so raised the land fts to
" spill all the water out," and the bottom was at that lime two
feet higher than the surrounding land. Outside the lake Wete
trees and canebrakes, but in the lake ground were only great
weeds like sun-Hower weeds, called by the French " wample-pihs."

" The earth had not done shaking yet, for as I lay on the cabin
floor sick with the ague, the house and the doors, and the dishes
would rattle with the shaking of the earth ; and as we were on
the Mississippi, the water would "ripple" As though there were
a heavy shower, while yet the sky was clear and the air still.

" In New Madrid the houses had been cracked and twi.'jted by
the earthquake, and stood so yet when we were there (although
some years after the earthquake had occurred).

" I sat on the west bank of the Mississippi and looked across
the river with a spy-glass at the deer and the bears as they would
come down to the river to drink, standing upon the eastern shore.

[Mr. Ball now resides at Union City, aged and feeble.]

JUDITH (WILSON) WAY (1817).

" I was born in Carolina in 1807, and was in ray tenth year
when father emigrated to Indiana in 1816-17. '

"On the first day of December, 1816, a large company of
emigrants set out from South Carolina, bound for Randolph
Co., Ind., as follows :

Paul W. Way and family, five in number.

John Way and family, si.\ in number.

John Moorman and family, six in number.

Benjamin Beverly and family, si.x in number.

George T. Wilson and family, five in number.

Armsbee Diggs and family, two in number.

They were relatives bv blood, or marriage, or both.

Paul W. and John Way were brothers. George T. Wilson
had married John Moorman's daughter.

" Benjamin Beverly's wife was Paul Way's sister, as also was
Armsbee Diggs' wife. Thus there were six men with their
wivf- and eighteen children, making thirty in all. We had four
wagons, to wit: One two-horse wagon, two five-horse wagons,
one four-horse wagon. John Moorman (with his son-in-law,
George Wilson), had a two-horse wagon and a five horse wagon ;
Paul W. Way (with Benjamin Beverly, his brother-in-law), had
one five-horse wagon ; John Way (with Armsbee Diggs, his son-
in-law), had one four-horse wagon, making sixteen horses in
all.

" We overtook families of emigrants in every variety of loco-
motion ; some had only pack horses, and sometimes there would
be a whole family with a single horse. I remember one such in
particular. They had a little knot of a horse piled up with
goods, with two or three children on top and the woman and
baby besides. The whole cry was " to get to Indiana," no mat-
ter how, so as only to reach that paradise beyond the Ohio.

"As I said, we started from Carolina December 1, 1816, and
we reached Williamsburg, Wayne County, Ind , February 27,
1817.

•' Our route lay across Blue Ridge, over the Holston, along
French Broad and Crooked Rivers, through Sawanna gap, over
Cumberland Mountains, an<l so througli Tennessee and Kentucky
to the Ohio River at Cincinnati. We camped on New Year's
night on a very high bluff on French Broad, with steps cut down
to the river. We saw a live alligator, which to us childien was
an unusual sight. There was a severe snow-storm as we were on

top of the Cumberland Mountains, and we had snow and cold
weather from there all the way through. The Ohio River was
frozen over, and we crossed on the ice ; boys were skating, and
ladies and gentlemen were riding in sleighs on the river. Our
folks were afraid to cross with their heavy wagons and big teams ;
and the men went over to Cincinnati and got men to come with
long rojies and haul the wagons across the ice in that way. The
hind wheels of Paul Way's wagon (which was the last one to
cross), broke through the ice, and it was hard work to get the
wagon out and across, but they succeeded. George Wilson (my
father), was likely to have been drowned. He fell into an air
hole up to his neck, and came near being sucked under the
ice ; but he held to the ice and the men pulled him out.

" We mot a tribe of Indians (I think somewhere in Kentucky),
going home with their ponies and their squaws. They had been
to make peace, and to get their pay and their presents. There
were 500 or more of them, men and women on ponies with
the chief. Our company were greatly alarmed, but the Indians
did us no harm. They isked for tobacco and bread, and they
got what they asked for, so f;ir as our folks had them. We were
very glad to get along with them so easily aa that. They went
on their way, and our people passed on toward the Ohio, thank-
ful to escape so cheaply.

"That winter journey was a severe one, and to look back it is
not easy to see how we were able to gdt safely through. But by
God's mercy we were spared to come safe to our looked-for haven.
and to reach the friends who had already made the trip, and to
meet them in joy and thankfulness of heart."

This is understood to have been the first company of emi-
grants to White River in Randolph County.

Paul W. Way, Henry II. Way, William Way, Robert Way
and William Diggs had gone up White River from its mouth
through the woods to Randolph County. Paul Way had gone
back to Carolina to pilot the company through, and the others
had stayed in Indiana. Henry Way and William Diggs went
down to Wayne County during the fall and winter, and were
married, and William Diggs and his wife are understood to have
been the first family who settled on White River in Randolph
County. Fannie Hill, of Jericho, oldest daughter of William
Diggs, says her mother lived there for six weeks without seeing
a white face (except probably her husband).

Such moving and such settlement as this would not very well
suit modern notions of pride and comfort. But such was the
way of the pioneers, and thus this goodly heritage gained its
brave and hardy settlers.

The Ways, the Wrights, the Moorraans, the Diggses, the
Pucketts, the Hills, and many others were numerous and noted
in early times among the primitive settlers, and many of their
descendants still remain.

[Note. — Truth compels us to state that the romantic travel
up White River from near its mouth to the neighborhooil of Win-
chester, is declared by William Diggs, Jr., one of the party who
is supposed to have made the wonderful trip, to be wholly a
"myth;" that their journey was simply from Henry County
over into Rnndolph, far enough indeed, but by no means su&h a
journey as a trip the whole length of White River would have
been.]'

[Note 2. — Jesse Way, who says he, too, was a lad in the
same company of emigrants, though younger than Judith Wil-
son, insists that the party saw no company of Indians like that
of which she speaks. It is difficult to sec how she could im-
agine the fact, more so than to consider that Jesse may have for-
gotten the circumstance].

[NoTK 3. — Another and perhaps a more serious objection to
the correctness of her memory, is the question what Indians they
could have been, and whither they were going. However,'
Aunt Judith insists that they met the Indians, let them be
who they might be, and no matter where they had been or
where they might be going].

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

WILLIAM PEACOCK.

" Jessup's Mill, on Greenville Creek, was built some years
before Co.x s Mill was, on White River.

When I was a little boy, say six" years old, I used to go with
some older boy to carry dinner to the men who were building
Cox's Mill, on White River.

For a long time there were no ministers belonging to Jericho
meeting. John Jones came about 1835. Benjamin Cox be-
longed to White River, and he used often to exercise at Jericho.
Mr. Robinson has been a minister about fifteen years.

The early settlers were Henry Hill, Benoni Hill, Amos Pea-
cock, Abram Peacock, Stanton Bailey, Jeremiah Cox, William
Pickett, Joshua Buckingham.

The Shockney family did not come for years afterward — not
till I was grown."

QEOKGE AND ASENATH THOMAS, 1818.

Asenath (Hill) Thomas was born in North Carolina, in 1815,
and was brought to Jericho, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1818. Jer-
emiah Cox entered land in the neighborhood before Henry Hill
came. Abram and Amos Peacock were the first settlers there.
They came, also, in 1818, but before Henry Hill did. A Mr. Ken-
nedy lived up White River, three miles away, near Mount Zion.
Mrs. Thomas says, " We used to ' neighbor' with them, they lived so
near us. We went by a ' blazed path' through the woods. An ' In-
dian trail' passed from the north and west^ through Jericho, and past
old Benjamin Thomas', east of Newport. The Indians would go
'n companies, fifteen or twenty pack-horses at one time. They
would call at father's (Henry Hill's) for bread and milk. They
thought milk was a wonderful treat. They would bring hickory
kernels, moccasins, baskets, etc., to exchange for corn, meal, salt,
etc. One of their chiefs was named Johnny Cornstalk. He
often passed, and was always friendly. He was a stout, heavy
man, with large limbs and high cheek bones. He would come in
and stay and talk and laugh and enjoy himself for hours with
us. The Indians mostly talked very broken English, but he
spoke our language quite well.

" There was one bad Indian ; the tribe had driven him off. He
skulked round among the whites. Finally he shot a white man,
and another white man shot him and wounded him, and still
another man killed him. The Indians would not take him after
he was wounded. The poor fellow got Mr. Lewallyn, of Ridge-
ville, to take him in. Mr. L. sent to the Indians to come and
get him. They said " No ; bad Indian ; don't want him." The
man whom the Indian had shot, found out that he was at Lew-
allyn's, and came there and shot him as he lay wounded in bed."
[This was Fleming. See other accounts elsewhere].

"Friends' Meeting at Jericho was established about 1821.
They built a log-cabin church, no windows, but merely holes, with
shutters. The seats were poles, with legs. The women's side
had a big fire-place ; the men's side had a hearth in the middle,
with a hole above to let the smoke out. They would use coals
from the fire-place, with bark, etc., that would not smoke much.

" Benoni Hill, Henry Hill, Amos Peacock, Abram Peacock,
Elijah Cox and Wm. Cox formed the meeting. The first preacher
was John Jones, 1835. The first school was in 1822 or 1823, taught
by Mariam Hill, consisting of twenty or twenty-five pupils, in
Friends' Meeting House. Father Henry Hill once went to Rich-
mond to work for money to pay his taxes, $1. He could get work
at 25 cents per day. John Charles lent him ^1, and he came
back and paid them. He has taken bacon to Richmond, and
sold it at $1 a hundred, half in trade. Eggs and chickens, for
awhile, were no sale at all. Bye and bye we could get 3 cents
a dozen for eggs, at Winchester.

" The first mill on White River, in this region, was Jeremiah
Cox's — a water mill; a corn mill at first, then a flour mill also.
The first run was gray heads; the other run was buhrs from
abroad. It was built in 1825, and stood forty-five years. It
was somewhat famous in its day.

"The lumber for Jeremiah Cox's house, owned now by Simon
Cox — house still standing — was hauled fifty-two years ago from
Richmond, and from Uncle Elijah Thomas' saw-mill, near New-
port.

" Henry Hill lived in a pole cabin, fourteen by sixteen feet ; no
windows, but a hole for four lights, with a shutter. He made a
sash with his pocket-knife, put in the lights, and then we had a
window, and were grand for a fact ! Our hearth was rock and
dirt pounded together. Cattle would get fat on the wild pea-
vines, etc., but they died with what was called the " bloody mur-
rain." They were fat and full^of tallow, but they would be taken
sick and die in a few hours. Father had four heifers "come in"
nearly at one time, and three died suddenly.

" People tanned their own leather in tan-troughs, made from
big logs hewed out. George Thomas has a strip of leather tanned
by Henry Hill forty-five years ago. George has worn it in his
suspenders forty years, and it is good and strong now.

" People went to meeting in home-spun — the men in linen or
tow shirts, and tow pantaloons, and deerskin jackets ; the women
in check home-spun. All classes would go barefooted. After
awhile, people began to have shoes, and women would carry their
shoes in their hands, and put them on when near church."

JAMES CLARK, 1819.

" We went to mill at Moffat's, Newman's, or Cox's. Our corn
sacks would hold four bushels, but we would take two or three
bushels, and put the sack across the horse. Fruit was abundant
— gooseberries, plums, etc. Our clothing was linsey, home-made,
or buckskin. Breeches, jackets, hunting-shirts, were buckskin.

" To dress skins was a great curiosity. The art is now nearly
lost. I used to dress many skins years ago, and I will tell how :

TO DRESS DEERSKINS.

" Soak the skin soft ; take off the flesh
tedious job, two good skins are a full day'
up till dry ; take deer's or beef's brains and
and put them into a sack with warm water,
like soap-suds ; work the skin soft in this
hours, wring it lengthwise as dry
pull it in every possible way till enti'rely
wring, pull) three or four times, till white,
flesh and smoke the skin soft and yellow,
when dry, but when wet it will stick to youi

with a grain knife (a
's work) ; hang them
dry them on a board,
and squeeze them till
lather, two or three
id stretch and
dry. Do so (soak,
Then cut off all the
It is nice and warm
r hide.

LOST CHILD.

" Once a child, Mr. Burson's, was lost — a three year-old girl.
It wandered off three miles through the woods, to Micajah Mor-
gan's. Mr. M. saw it clambering the fence, and took it in. Mrs.
M. said, " She looks like Enoch Burson's child." Mr. M. started
on horseback with the girl, and met Ephraim Bowen, hunting it.
Mr. B. took the child and carried it home.

WORK, MONEY, ETC.

" At one time I hired out, mowing, twenty -six and a half days,
at 25 cents a day. (Eighteen years old.) We used shin-plasters,
mostly, for money. We seldom could get silver. The coins were
commonly cUt up into pieces, called " sharp-shins." Shin-plasfers
disappeared by and by, but silver was still very scarce. Sugar
and deerskins were all we had to sell for money. Sugar, §6 a
hundred; deerskins, from 25 to 50 cents apiece; fawn-skins, 25
cents ; doeskins, 37i cents ; old buckskins, 60 cents. Land was,
at first, ^2 per acre ; one-quarter dowD ; not less than IbO acres.
About 1820, the price was put at $1.25, and 80 acres ; and
afterward, 40 acres, all down. Many paid entry money and
could not pay the rest, and lost their land. Afterwards, the law
was made so as to allow a " floating claim, " i. e., the money paid
might apply to a part of the land.

" The.community was civil and peaceable, mostly. No great
crimes, no big affrays, nor fights, nor murders.

HISTORY OF EANDOLPH COUNTY.

" There was a mill north of Spartansburg — Jessup's Mill. I
went there onco. There was no roof; the mill stood open. The
miller's house was across the creek. from the mill, and a foot-log
between. He would take a peck measure full over, turn it in,
come back and talk awhile, and go with another peck, and so all
night long; just about a peck an hour.

DEER HUNTING.

" next day I killed my second deer. I had killed the first deer
near Overman's. I shot that first deer, and asked him to help carry
it in. 'No,' said Overman, ' I can't leave planting corn. You
just take it on your shoulders, and its tail between your teeth, and
climb a sapling and hang it up.' I didn't do it, however. But
for my second deer. I was hunting a horse in the range. As I
was going round a pond at the head of Nolan's Fork, a deer
sprang up ahead of me, and I drew up my gun and let fliy, and
down came the deer. In 1821, 1 was staying with a cousin,
north of where Spartansburg now is. We had been planting
corn, and when that was done I went hunting. I saw no game
till, finally, I came to Beaver Pond. The deer tracks were abun-
dant, but no deer. Coming to a thick maple-top, I laid my
rifle in it, and cleared away the twigs, and made a "rest"
for ray gun. About sundown I saw a deer cross, but too far off
to shoot. About dusk there stood a rfoe in plain sight, about twenty
steps away. I shot and she went. I hunted for her, but no doe
could I find. I went back to my " rest" to watch for deer again.
Presently along came a big buck, not ten yards distant. I moved,
and he " bounced." About 11 o'clock, I heard the water go
" plug-plug." Soon I saw a deer about 20 steps from me, run-
ning its head into the water, and flapping its ears. I sighted for
two minutes, and shot, and the deer ran. I got down to load the
gun, but I had not powder enough ; and so I went to the cabin
about 12 o'clock. " Where have you been all night?" "Beaver
Pond." " Shooting deer ?" "Yes." " What luck ?" " Had two
shots, but haven't found my deer." In the morning we went
out and found both deer, dead, not ten yards apart. This was the
year Napoleon died, 1821.

" Twice I have shot three deer in one day, and two in a day
many times. Once I was chasing a gang of deer, and the sky
clouded up and I started for home. AH at once there stood four
deer gazing at me. I let drive at them. After loading again, I
went to the place and found the "hair cut" and scattered on the
snow. I followed the trail and saw blood plenty, and at length
found the deer, dead, 100 yards from where it had been shot. I
hurg it up, skinned it, left the meat hanging, and, going back, I
found another place of " hair cut." I followed that trail, also,
and the first I knew, there lay the other deer, dead, in a thicket
of spice-brush. One shot had killed both deer. The carcass of
the dead buck lay stiff' and cold where it had been shot down. I
did with that as with the other, and went to the cabin. Next
morning we brought in the venison, and splendid meat it was,
too, I can tell you."

SOLOMON WRIGHT.

" My grandfather, James Wright, was a Carolinian Quaker,
who fled to the wilds of the Holston, in Tennessee, to escape con-
scription into the army, in the war of 1776. My father, John
Wright, was puny at first, and was rocked in an old trunk-cover
lined with the skin of a sea animal, the hair on which is said to
rise and fall with the tides. As he grew up, he gained strength
and vigor. He married Margaret Reece, in Carolina. About
1804, the Wrights emigrated to Ohio, to military lands. In
1814, or thereabouts, the twelve-mile strip came into market, and
some fourteen or fifteen families, who lost their lands on the mili-
tary tract through a flaw in the title, came, soon afterward, to
Randolph County. They had fine improvements in Ohio, but they
lost the whole. James and Abram Wright moved first of this
company. My father came out and selected some land, but did
not move then. James and Abram Wright settled on Eight-mile
creek. William Haworth came with them. William Diggs and

Armsbee Diggs came from Carolina about the same time. Will-
iam Way, Sr., and his sons, William, Paul and Henry, all
grown and married, came also. I think these came in the fall of
1815. James and Abram Wright moved soon afterward from
Clinton County, Ohio.

" March 10, 1816, my brother Isaac (one of the triplets), and
myself started, with one horse for us both, from Clinton County,
Ohio, to go to the woods of Randolph. With a few things in a
sack slung across the horse (among them, seven or eight apples —
the last of the season), we set ofi" in high glee, I being fourteen
years old, taking turns in riding, or, as it is called, " riding an(l
tying, " a very common practice then. Our route was Waynes-
ville, Springboro, Eaton, New Paris, Williamsburg, Ind., and so
on to Randolph. We got to brother James' glad enough. Isaac
said, " I had to walk nearly all the way. Solomon was so chick-
legged he could hardly go at all." We went to work on father's
place to clear and build. One day I had laid off" my coat and
vest on the leaves, when the fire ran and caught them, and burnt
leaves, coat, vest and all. As I held up the smoking shreds.
Uncle Haworth cried, "Save the buttons!" "There are no
buttons to save," was the curt reply. There was I, a poor lad
fourteen years old, one hundred and twenty miles from home,
with no clothes but shirt and pants. I had to wear an old over-
coat of brother James', a world too large and long, which made
me the laughingstock at all the log-rollings. In warm weather,
I gladly shed the old coat and took to shirt and pants.

" I stayed through the summer, and were turned home: and in
about a year father and I came through with a load of provisions.
A year after that, father moved to his land. Cabin Creek was so
named on a trip we made to David Connor's, below Wheeling.
Seeing a group of Indian cabins on the bank of the creek, some
one cried, " Let us call the stream ' Cabin Creek,' and Cabin
Creek it is to this day. Muncie was so named from Muncie
[Montzie], an old Indian. The Indians complained of Connor's
whisky. " Too much ' Sinewa,' " they said. I saw the first lot
sold in Winchester.

"Once in school, near Dunkirk, on the last day, the girls got
behind the chimney and pushed the fire-place and back wall over
into the house, and scattered the clay- all over the floor — grand
fun. they thought.

" My oldest boy, George Washington, killed a bear. He was
quite young, and people would ask, " Is that the boy who killed
the bear ?" He skinned the bear and brought it [the skin] home.

" One day some white men and Indians were jumping near the
mill pond. One white man jumped with stones in his hands.
The Indians were angry. One of them threw the stones into the
pond, exclaiming, " No fair !"

"Nathan Thornburg came one day and said, " We are starving
for meat." We went hunting, but found nothing. Just as we
were going home, a deer started up. I shot the deer and cried
to Thornburg, " There is your meat; go get it," which he did.

"One evening a man came and said, " There is a bear over the
hill yonder." We went, and, sure enough, the dogs had treed a
bear. Thornburg snapped and I snapped. He stuck in a new
flint and shot the bear outright. One man said, not very long
ago, " The telegraph cannot come here ; there is no water- course."
Once, as we were traveling near Smitbfield, we came upon a gang
of Indians, lying on the ground under the oak trees. The
dog barked, and they jumped up and hastily wrapped themselves
up in some way. One Indian asked me for " big ax, to cut bee
tree." I told him, "No ; got none." He brought me some
venison, as black as black cloth, and gave me a piece. I
took it. The young man with me took none. The Indian was
displeased, and said, " No good white man." .

" In 1833, my wife noticed the "stars falling." She went to
the door and cried, " 0, come and look, quick, or the stars will
all be down !" While we were moving from Ohio, aa we stopped
one evening, a young man sat on a stone and sang :

" 0, when shall I see Jesus, and reign with Him «bove?"

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The occasion was affecting. We felt lonely and sad, and
wept freely.

"Between Williamsburg and White River, an old ewe " gave
out," and we laid her on a tree-root " in the wilderness." Seven
weeks afterward we found her there, feeding about, and took her
home. A great many Indians were here then. I used to hop with
them and shoot at a mark. We lived in harmony till two young
white men went down below Stony Creek and stole two Indian
ponies and escaped to Ohio. Shortly, the Indians went after
them. They said, " No good white man ; steal Indian ponies."
I always noticed that, in the Indian difficulties, the whites were
mostly to blame, and that the trouble generally arose from steal-
ing their horses or from selling them liquor.

" A while after we came to Randolph, father sent me to mill, on
the Stillwater below Greenville. I followed the Indian trail
through the forest, seeing not a living soul, except that I met
me carry some Indians, who, upon my asking them " how far to
Greenville ?" held up six fingers, to mean, as I supposed, six miles.
When I got to Greenville, the old fort was there in decay and
partial ruin, and not much of a town. Passing on, I found the
mill on Stillwater, some miles below, got my " grinding," and
returned safely home. This was probably before 1820.

Solomon Wright is probably mistaken, by at least one year,
in his idea of the time when he came to Randolph. It seems
well settled that William Diggs and the Ways came in the fall
of 1816, and that the Wrights, etc., none of them till at least
the spring, or, more probably, the fall, of 1817. They did, some
of them, certainly arrive that fall, and that was probably the time,
December, 1817, when William Wright went to White River, as
told by John Fisher, he thinking that wagon the first to White
River.

The following reminiscences of Solomon Wright were written
and furnished by Miss Lillie A. Garrett :

" About the time grandpa settled on this farm, he saw a young
fawn floating down White River, rescued it from the water and
put it into a hollow sycamore ; and when he came back from
hunting, took it home. He kept it several years. Grandpa says,
' I put a bell on it, and it would go off into the woods, and wild
deer would follow it ; and when I would hear the bell I would
look out for the deer and kill them.'

" He became awful cross, and when anybody came, he would
turn his hair back, bow up his neck, meet them at the gate, and
they had to stand back or be " floored." One day, two boys were
going to meeting, and " Buck" made them "climb" to get out of
his way ; and he kept them up their saplings till it was too late
for meeting. At last he " bunted" over one of the children, and
grandpa shot him.

" Jacob Wright and Sarah Wright (?) were the names on the
first marriage license issued at Winchester.

" Abram Wright and Isom Garrett were pioneer teachers. One
taught at Dunkirk and one on Green's Fork, and the schools used
to meet to " spell" against each other. Those " spelling matches"
■ were gay times, and were useful, to boot.

" To persons inquiring the way to Winchester, Charles Conway
used to reply, " Just go on as far as you can get among the logs
and brush, and you are in Winchester." Paul W. Way surveyed
the town plat, and Abram Wright carried the chain for him.
David Wright " cried" the lots at the first sale. He said to
David Wysong, "That young man is good-looking, and he would
look still better it he would bid just a little higher." Hiram
Mendenhall and others, between 1830 and 1840, joined their pos-
sessions and formed a " Community" at Unionsport. The town
still stands, but the " Community" was dissolved long, long ago.

"In time of the " Millerism" excitement, a deep snow fell,
which the frightened devotees predicted would turn to brimstone.

The first teacher at Cabin Creek was Mary Ann Ring.
Grandpa sent the tv.o oldest children. The little '' chits" hid
their f'r 'er, tied up in a rag, under the floor before they entered
the scivjohoom on the first day.

The Diggs', Littleberry, Marshall and Franklin • taught the
school in after times, and the " Wright children" grew fond of
learning, eight attending at one time. And future years found
them at Winchester, Williamsburg, Liber, etc., and then as
teachers through the region. Great interest was taken by them
in temperance, anti-slavery, etc. Fanny, the youngest, now tlio
wife of Judge R. S. Taylor, of Fort Wayne, used to stand on a
chair and recite :

In the " Separation," most of the Cabin Creek Friends left
the "Body." Amos Bond, J. H. Bond, Solomon Wright, etc.,
were noted Anti-slavery Friends. Gre;^ enthusiasm prevailed,
and lectures, papers, pamphlets, etc., were the order of the day.
The underground railroad track passed this way, and " Cabin
Creek" was one of the chief stations.

When " Birney's vote" was found to be about 7,000, Hiram
Mendenhall, who presented the " petition" to Henry Clay, at
Richmond, Ind., said, " Thank God, there are left yet 7,000 men
who have not bowed the knee to Baal, nor kissed his image " —
referring to the rumor that so many kissed Henry Clay. Grandpa
kept an inn for many years, as this road was a great Western
thoroughfare.

The Van Amburg show passed here once, and the men, some
of them, stayed overnight, and the elephant stood in the yard,
tied to a young walnut tree.

Some Mormon converts once camped at the creek ford, and
their preacher declared they wtre going to Nauvoo, protected by
the same power that guarded Daniel in the "lions' den." They
seemed sincere and hearty in their faith. Abram Wright at-
tended a meeting of Mormons, at which the people wept profusely
under the words of a speaker who said he had prayed all night
to be delivered from the devil, whose chains he could hear rattling
down the stairs.

" Samuel Peters, a highly respected young colored man, used
to board with us. He went South, after the war, was cashier of
the Freedmen's Bank, at Shreveport, La., and had been
elected to Congress there, when he died in the fall of 1873 by
yellow fever, which struck that city so- fatally at that time. First
burial in Friends' Burying-Ground at Cabin Creek was a child
of Mordecai Bond's, and the next was Jethro Hiatt's wife.

First mill in Stony Creek Township was built at Windsor,
by John Thornburg, 1827. The first cooking-stove was owuti
by Solomon Wright, bought at Newport.

A criminal with his legs fastened round the horse, once stopped
for dinner. Two men held the clanking chains upon his ankles
as he walked into the house. " Look at that and be honest, boys,"
said grandpa to his sons, who were standing by and gazing at the
poor fellow.

"Eminent Quaker preachers of the olderv time, in Randolph
County, were Isora Puckett, Benjamin Cox and others. In later
years. Martha Wooton, Daniel Puckett, Charles Osborn, etc.,
labored here to some extent, though not residents within the
limits of the county.

WILLIAM KOBINSOX.

" I have owned and improved six different farms in this region,
building six separate houses. When ray father moved here, I
was too young to go to mill, but my brothers used to go to Solo-
mon Wright's to mill and get wheat ground, unbolted, and then
take the meal to an old man who had made a sieve by stretching
a cloth over a piece of hoop bent round, and they would sift the
meal through that, and thus make flour.

" Soon after father settled, the State road was made from Win-
chester to the State Line toward Greenville, right past father's
cabin. I saw the men going along blazing " the trees." Judge
Edwards said that when Paul Way surveyed the road, he had a
man go along the county road and blow a horn, so as to keep
him in a straight course. When they reached the "Dismal,"

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

they hunted a narrow passage for a crossing, and curved the road
to hit the spot. The State road was the leading highway in this
country, and, for many years, an immense amount of travel
passed upon it. I have counted eighty wagons of movers in one
day, going to Western Indiana, Illinois, etc. My father's cabin
was a stopping-place, and we have had so many at once that we
boys often had to go to the hay mow to sleep to give room to thn
lodgers.

" Years afterward, when the West had become somewhat
settled, cattle used to be taken east in immense droves. I have
seen 700 or 800 in a single herd. David Heaston's, James
GriflBs', and my father's were the chief places for movers and for
droves. Father used to charge a man for supper, breakfast,
lodging and horse feed? 37| cents. The old National road was
another great thoroughfare.

" An old man, Banta, built a bridge over Greenville Creek on
the State road, and I helped him do the job. We went out
there to work, camping in the woods. His folks neglected to
bring us any provisions, and for three days we lived on bread
and water.

" My father lived here six years before he was able to enter
any land. He got money to enter his first land by hauling
wheat to Lewallyn's mill, at Ridgeville, for flour ; and by buying
pork, potatoes, etc., building a flat-boat, and taking the boat-load
of bacon, flour, etc., down the river to Logansport, and selling
his load to the Indians.

" He entered land east of Winchester (Kemp farm). A com-
pany, of whom Jesse Way was one, went down the Mississinewa
River with loaded flat-boats, and Jesse lost his boat, and his load
too, in trying to run the dam at Byles's mill on that river.

"An Indian "trail" was simply a pai/j through the woods.
The path would be trodden so as to be plainly visible. Some-
times the amount of pony-travel would be so great as to make a
heavily-trodden track. "Trails" passed in various directions.
One led from Muncie to Greenville, straight as an arrow. One
from Muncie to Fort Wayne ; one from Godfroy Farm to Fort
Wayne, etc."

RUTH (test) ROBINSON.

" When a girl, I went with my mother to a quilting and corn-
husklr.g. When we got there, nothing seemed ready, but the
boys went to the woods and got some poles for frames ; the
women pieced the quilt and carded the tow, and so they quilted
the quilt, each woman quilting where and how she pleased. Doubt-
less, the quilt was just as warm, which is the chief thing after all.
One woman got drunk. She said she was getting her " nats upon
the taps;" and she would go out and help cook. Whisky was
everywhere. Still-houses were plenty, and much whisky was
made and drank. My father settled in Union County in"l817.
He owned the first mill in that county, and my oldest brother
built a factory. My father came to Ohio from New Jersey in
in 1802, to Waynesville, and I was born there. He resided at
Cincinnati eighteen months, then at Covington, operating a
woolen factory, and building the first good house in Covington.
He lived thirty-six years on the East Fork of White Water, and
then moved to Richmond residing there for four years. He
died in 1852, eighty-four years old.

" Some men from Union County took the first (and only) two
flat-boats down the East Fork of White Water to New Orleans.
There was a heavy freshet and the water was very high. There
was a great crowd to see then, start, from all the country round.
They sold their load at New Orleans and came back all the way
from that distant market on foot."

THO.MAS WARD.

" The first money I ever had, when a young lad, as my own,
was V2h cents. My brother and I sold a pair of deer-horns for
2.'} cents, and I had half I managed, afterward, somehow, to
get 87J; cents, and loaned it to father, he promising to give me a
sheep. His "sheep" proved to be a lamb, but I raised it and

traded it for a pig, and then that for a calf, and so on. After-
ward, I came to be the owner of a colt, which I traded again, and
60 on from small things to greater, till, by the time I was twenty-
one years old, I had become the owner of six hundred acres of
wild land."

[Gideon Shaw states that Thomas Ward, when a lad, was at
his father's, in the southeast corner of Randolph County, buying
furs, etc.]

" I began very early to trade for things. Father let me have a
pig or two, and I traded for a calf and then for a motherless colt,
and so on. I bought my own clothes. As before stated, men
would come along and hire me to survey and deaden land, ami
I would do the surveying, and hire the deadening for less than
what they would give me. At one time I entered an eighty-acre
tract foi $100, and sold it shortly after for $200. I used to
trade in furs and peltry, and would make, sometimes, $200 in
a single winter, or even more in that way.

" The first land I ever entered for myself I carried the raonev
in my hand all the way to Fort Wayne, traveling on foot the whole
distance. There was a nice Indian sugar orchard which I wished
very much to own. We found out that another party was planning
to enter it, and I started on foot with money for that tract, and
also for some that father wished to enter. I had the money tic i
up, and carried it in my hand the whole way. The " specie cir-
cular" had lately been issued, and in just three days it was to
take effect. I got to John Brooks' the first night, gave
Mrs. B. the money to keep and went to bed. The
next day I got to Adam Miller's, near Bluffton. The third
day I tried hard to make Fort Wayne, but the traveling
was very bad, the snow being nearly knee deep, and I was but a
boy (eighteen years old, or perhaps less), and I had to come short
of the mark. In the morning I went to the Registrar's oflice,
made application for the land for myself and my father, got my
certificate from that oflice and went boldly to the Receiver. Col.
Spencer knew my father and knew me, too, for he had stayed at
my father's at different times. I told him the whole story — the
paper money, the sudden start, my hard travel on foot, and how
I had missed by a few hours, and what a disappointment it would
be to lose my land after such a chase for it. He was a sturdy
Democrat, and father was a stedfast Whig ; but Col. Spencer
was a gentleman and a kind-hearted man, and he pitied the poi^r
boy ; and he said to me, " You shall have your land, and you;
father shall, too. I am going into Ohio on business of my own
and I can use the money myself." So he took my money a;i ,
I entered the land. But my piece was some four acres raoi^.,
than a full eighty, and it took $5 extra ; and that was every cen;.
of money I had. But I was determined I would have the land,
let come what would; so I paid my last cent and got it. I told
Col. Spencer what I had done, and he aaked me how I expected
to get home. I told him I did not know, but that I was going to
start and risk getting through. " 0, that Will never do," said
he ; and he insisted that I should borrow of him enough to take
me home. I finally did so, and tramped home again, sendir g
his money back the first chance I found. I had an uncle (Danii-1
Miller), on Robinson's Prairie, and I stayed the first night with
him, the second night at Portland, and got home the third night.
When I started in the morning from my uncle's, on my way
from Fort Wayne, he told me of a nearer way through the woods;
that I could go by " blazes" to the Wabash, and cut off several
miles. I took his directions, and followed the " blazes" through
without difficulty. I thought no more of traveling thus through
the thick woods, guided only by " blazed" trees, than I wouhi
now to travel along a beaten road.

"I have lost great amounts of property during my life. I put
two hundred and forty-five acres of land near Ridgeville, and one
thousand acres of Iowa land, into the north and south road through
Ridgeville, when it was first worked on, and lost it. I did more
for the road than anybody else, living or dead. Others managed
I to secure their stock, but my loss by the road was $30,000 or

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

more.' Mr. Lewallen's mill, at Ridgeville, was built, probably, after
1819. My father, Joab Ward, commenced building boats about
1835. When the country along the Wabash, etc., began to settle
up, the fact made a market for several years, and the people of
Wayne and Randolph tried to supply it by sending their prod-
uce down the Mississinewa to the Wabash, and thereabouts.
Boats were needed, and Ridgeville was the head of high-water
navigation, and so father took to building boats and selling them
to people to take their produce down the river on. He
would build a boat forty feet long by ten feet wide, at 62i
cents a foot, i. e., $25 for the boat, all ready for floating. He
would cut the timber green, from the woods, have two
heavy side-pieces sloped rounding upward at both ends, cut a
"gain" in the lower edge to receive the ends of the planks which
formed the bottom, pin the bottom planks to the sides and the
middle piece, fasten on some pieces of plank at the top of the
gunwale, so as to increase the depth of the boat (making it, per-
haps, two feet), stop up the cracks, and she was ready to receive
her load and to float along her downward way. This flat-boating
could be done only in times of flood.

High water was mostly during the winter and spring. The
business lasted perhaps ten or fifteen years. The river floods be-
came less, and the markets in that region ceased or were supplied
in other ways.

Father built, in all, a large number of boats — thirty-seven in
one spring. He used to hire hands to work for him, and board
them at 12| cents a meal. '

One spring, several boats started down the river, loaded with
apples, potatoes, cider, etc. At the first mill dam below Marion
(McClure's), one boat, belonging to Hampton Brown, who lived
below Newport (Fountain City), in going over the dam, ran under
and sunk and lost the whole cargo, and the boat was ruined. The
men swam out to the shore and were saved.

At one time, a raft came plunging down upon the swift-rush-
ing flood. They contrived to land a cable and tied it rOund a
tree ; but the raft broke in two and went over the dam. There
were two men on the raft. One came ashore, but the other shot
under the water and was never again seen alive. His dead body
was found afterward, some distance below."

DAVID LASLEY.

" William Edwards came in 1818 ; Jonathan Edwards came
in 1818; they lived north toward town.

David Wysong lived three-fourths of a mile east.

John Elzroth lived near the "poor farm," coming in 1818.

Thomas Jarret came in 1818. He lived one-quarter mile
away. Peter Lasley bought his land at private sale, but unim-
proved.

In Winchester there were a few log cabins, and a log court
house. David Heaston came in 1811i, a little southwest. In
Winchester were Paul W. Way, Charles Conway, John Odell,
John Wright (blacksmith), John Wright (Judge).

" I cleared off' the public square in Winchester ; there were
three and one-half acres ; it took me three months, working al!
day and half the night, and I got $35 for the job. Moorman
Way got more than double that sum ($75) years afterward for
putting in new trees. It was. all " in the green," there came a
snow and the heaps Avould not burn well ; much was sugar-tree,
three feet and over. A very large elm stood right in the cross
street. The timber in this region was sugar-tree, beech, hickory,
walnut, oak, elm, etc., etc. Oak was scarce, sugar-tree most
abundant of all. There was much wet land in the region that
nobody would have, that land is now the best in the county. I
helped make a big cross-way on the State road west of Winches-
ter, three-quarters of a mile long. The logs were many of them
eighteen inches through. Two of us built it in three months,
getting $10 a month, boarding ourselves. Poles had to be put
in between the logs at the top, and the whole was covered with
dirt six inches deep. We had to cut many of the trees, standing

knee-deep in water, and the logs often floated as we hauled them,
making the work of drawing them to the track much easier."

JOHN MANN, GREENSFORK.

" We used to grind our corn on a hand-mill. My father
had one, and the neighbors were in the habit of coming and
using, it. It was hard work ; a few quarts would tire a
man completely out ; you had to turn with one hand and
feed with the other (a few grains at a time). The mill worked
very slowly, and we generally ground only enough for a meal or
two at once. The way the mill was made and worked was this :
The lower stone was laid flat and fast; the upper stone was fixed to
turn upon a center piece in some way, and was made to revolve
by a pole, fastened (loosely) in a beam above, and in the top of
the stone below, near the edge of the stone, in a shallow hole
drilled in the surface. This drilling into the stone was hard to
do, for there were no tools, and there was no way to fasten any-
thing to the stone. These stones were about two feet across,
home-dressed and home-made."

SIMON cox.

" When I came to Randolph, Charles Conway lived half a mile
south of Winchester. John Wright (blacksmith) lived on the
north side of Winchester. Paul Beard and Jesse Johnson (and
perhaps others), were on Greensfork, near Lynn. There were
some settlers down White River, but I did not know them. No
settlers were on White River above us. John Cox, my father,
came in 1818, with eight children ; none are now living but myself.
He died forty years ago. White River meeting was set up about'
1820. The members were Benjamin Cox. John Wright (black-
smith), Jonathan Hiatt, Simon Cox, Thomas Ward, Joseph
Moffatt and may be others. Jericho meeting was begun soon
afterward. The first school was about 1823; Isaac Pearson
was the teacher. George Cox, born 1820, remembers riding
home from school on his Uncle Pearson's shoulders ; George was
perhaps three years old.

" The first mill was on Salt Creek, north of Winchester, water-
mill, built by Solomon Wright ; it ground very slowly, being in
use some years. Jeremiah Cox's mill was the next — a flour
mill — bolt run by hand. The first meeting-house was the White
River Church, warmed by coal in the middle,

" The first doctor I knew of was at Winchester. The first
store I knew of was there too. The first frame house was Jere-
miah Cox's, built about fifty-five years, and standing yet in good
repair. The first child born in our settlement was my son,
George Cox, born January 6, 1820.

"Benjamin Cox and myself once started to go through to the
Johnson settlement below Lynn, after some grain to take to mill.
One had to go ahead and cut " a road " for the wagon to pass.
We had to " camp out," and a deep snow fell in the night."

BURKETT PIERCE.

" Meshach Lewallyn and Joab Ward lived near Ridgeville
when I came; they had been there not long. James Massey

and Massey cam ; the same fall that I did, and settled

near Saratoga. (James Massey was here in 1818, before B. P.
came). George Ritenour came two weeks after me and settled
across the river. Meshach Lewallyn built a small mill in 1819
(I think), a water-mill ; it would grind two or three bushels a
day ; the meal would come by " spurts." A dog came in and
tried to lick the meal ; now he would get some meal, and now he
wouldn't; it did not suit him, and he would throw up his head
and howl, and then he would try to lick the meal again." (This
story has been told us of four different mills in the region, as
also of one in Pennsylvania.)

" Mr. Lewallyn afterward built a better mill, which became a
noted point in those times for many years; he built a saw-mill
also. David Connor built a log shanty two miles east of Deerfield,
on the Mississinewa, and traded with the Indians. He sold them

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

flour, and salt, and powder, and whisky, etc., for furs and peltry.
He took loads of furs and skins in " pirogues," down the Missis-
einewa, up Wabash, up Little River, across the portage nine
miles to St. Mary's, and so to Toledo and Detroit. He hauled
his goods across the portage on wagons with three yoke of oxen.
Brother Thomas and I went with him once. He had otter, musk-
rats, beaver, coon skins, minks, etc., a heavy load. He got his
pay in silver, and bought a pony to bring the silver home. (This
was in 1822.) He stayed at that point a year or two or so, and
moved down the river to near Wheeling, and later, to below
Marion, where he settled, built mills, and spent the rest of his
life. He died rich a few years ago. I took hogs to him, which
he bought and butchered. He showed rae half a bushel of silver
money. He was a "smart" man, and a man of his word; but
he would have his own way in a bargain. He made a "power"
of money. He did not like to sell to settlers, because he could
not charge them enough. He commonly sold to Indians, and
his price to them was very high.

" Lewallyn's son, Shadrach, shot an Indian in their yard. A
patch of corn had been planted, and the boys were gathering it
on a sled (as most of the hauling was done then). The Indian
had bought some powder and whisky at Connor's, and he " cut
up " and scared the boys. They unhitched the horses, and one
of the boys ran, and the Indian ran after him and pointed his
gun at the boy. Shadrach called out, "What is the matter'?'
The boy said, "The Indian is going *o shoot me." Shadrach
caught his gun and undertook to shoot the Indian. Shadrach's
wife tried to pull him away for 100 yards, but he shot and killed
the Indian right there in the yard. This was in the evening.
Shadrach went to his father's that night, and in the morning
they covered the body in the hollow of a tree turned up. Old
Meshach went to Muncie alone, and told the Indians what his son
had done and that he should be tried fairly, and suffer the pen-
alty. He also told the Indians to come and bury their comrade
and they did so; fifteen or twenty came and buried him on the
river bank, on my farm. The young man was tried, but he was
acquitted ; and that made the Indians ho.stilc. I went to Con-
nor and talked with him, and got him to intercede with the
Indians. Connor had great influence wich them, and they would
do almost anything he wished. He told them that I was his
cousin, and that he wished they would be reconciled. I had
come into the county after the shooting and before the trial.
The Indians had torn up the floor in the cabin I was to live in,
and I fixed it. We sent some boys to get the cabin ready, and
we expected to move up from Joab Ward's. While the boys
were at the cabin, six or seven Indians came in. One of the
young men set them a puncheon bench, and they sat down.
Presently one of them. Big Nose, drew his knife, and caught
my brother Thomas, and cried, "Now I kill you; you killed my
cousin." Brother said, "No, I wasn't in the country then."
"You are a liar," Big Nose cried. He held Thomas a long
time, but let him go at last. Another young man, who was with
Thomas, ran away 100 yards and caught up his gun. The Indian
caught my brother again, but finally said, "I let you go. I no
kill you this time — next time I kill you, sure." The other In-
dians smiled like, but said nothing. The Indian turned my
brother's face toward him and said, " Look, next time I kill you."

" The boy came and met us and told us. Joab Ward said, " Fol-
low the Indians." I said "No." Then he said, "Go back with
me." My wife stood there with the child, and she said, " Let us
go on," and we started again. We went, and my wife followed,
trembling, but when we got in sight of the cabin, all fear left her.
We got to the cabin and unloaded, and there came along a big,
burly fellow, and offered to stay with us. " He was not
afraid,'' he said. He stayed. There was a big stump of a tree-
root near by. Before bed-time he looked out and said, " I see
an Indian out there. I see his blanket and his eyes. He is going
to shoot." The fellow got his gun and his axe, and stood ready
a good while. I said, "I am going to see." " Oh no, he will

shoot you." I did go out; there was no Indian, only the stump
and some snow. In the morning we went out to cut up the tree.
I said, " It would not do for an Indian to come and cut up like
that one yesterday." I looked up, and there stood an Indian I
He heard what I said, but he smiled and was friendly.

" In about a month my brother went back to Ohio. He had
not been long gone when six Indians came and hallooed from
across the river, wishing to come across. Big Nose among them ,
I took my canoe, and brought them across. I charged hiru
with his mischief He said, "No, me civil," "Yes, it was
you." " No, whisky." They went up to Connor's, and by and
by, returned. (One was called Killbuck). One was so drunk
that he could not walk alone ; two of them were leading him
across waist deep. When they had come across, Killbuck said,
" We not been saucy." I went into the house, but presently he
came back, foaming with rage. " You go and get your gun,"
said he. "How do you know," said I. "What did you come
back for?" " To show you I no coward, give me some bread,"
said he. I did, and he went away pacified. That poor drunken
fellow lay there all night with his feet in the water, dead
drunk.

"One night an Indian hallooed. "What do you want?"
"To come in and warm." I let him in. "Me civil," said he.
After he got in, he began to curse, and swore he would kill the
first man that came into the cabin. I quieted him down, and
then he began again. He went on to Connor's, and in the morn-
ing he came back, and said, " Connor told me ' No,' and Iwon't
hurt anybody."

"In boating, flat-boats would jump the dams four feet high.
People would bring fruit from Wayne County in wagons, and
boat them down to settlers on the Wabash and elsewhere.

"After Fleming was killed, about twenty-five Indians came
and had a ceremony over him. They had guns, and marched
up very solemnly. One old Indian made a speech. He spoke
a long time; Killbuck interpreted. He said, " Don't be scared,
he was a bad Indian. We will be friendly." As the man stood
there speaking, he seemed much aftected, and the tears streamed
down his cheeks.

" We used to goto mill at first to Richmond. David Wysong
made a tread-mill (for oxen). One day I went with a grist, and,
in the night, while I was there, the oxen slipped through, and
stopped the mill, but they could not get out and were just hang-
ing by their necks.

" The first school was taught two or three years after I came, in
a log cabin, kept by Mr. Stevens, at $1 per scholar. There
were perhaps twenty scholars. Half of the patrons could not
pay. There were only two or three books in the school. The
teacher wouM write letters on paddles to have the little fellows
learn. I once drove thirty head of hogs to Ross County, Ohio, to
have them fatten on the "mast." The Indians began to shoot
them. I talked to them. ' Big Jim ' said, " Fat hog make good
soup," and laughed. When I came to the county, a big brush
heap lay where the Winchester Court House now stands.

"John Cox settled near Winchester in 1815 or 1816."

JACOB DRIVER, 1821.

" Settlors when .1 came, in 1821 : John Sample, at Sample-
town (Mill), Paul W. Way, William Way, Henry Way, William
Diggs (old), William Diggs (young), Littleberry Diggs, Armsbee
Diggs, Tarlton Moorman, Robison Mclntyre, Wjilter Ruble,
John Wright and others.

" The Claytons came nearly when I did — perhaps two or three
years afterward.

" Tarleton Moorman is the bro±er of James Moorman and the
father of Stephen Moorman."

PELATIAH BOND.

"Benjamin Bond, my father, lived, at one time, just west of
New Garden Meeting-House, in Wayne County.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

" In building a house, he bought nails at 25 cents a pound,
and paid for them in cord-wood at 25 cents a cord, chopping the
wood on his own land, and selling it on the ground at the rate of
four cords for $1.

" In Western Pennsylvania, in early times, a man gave a horse
for a barrel of salt."

DANIEL B. MILLER, 1822.

" The settlers, when I came (on the Mississinewa, 1822), were,
Riley Marshall, east of Deerfield; William Massey, James Mas-
sey, Robert Massey, north of Miller's ; Frank Peake, north of
Mississinewa River ; Samuel Emery, on the south side of the
river ; Burkett Pierce, west of Deerfield, north of river ; George
Ritenonr, west of Deerfield, south of the river ; Martin Boots,
between Deerfield and Ridgeville. He was the first blacksmith
in that region. He moved to Fairview, afterward.

"I was single, and came on horseback from near Cincinnati,
via Richmond and the " Quaker Trace," to Riley Marshall's. I
bought eighty acres of a non-resident owner, andboarded eighteen
months at Riley Marshall's, going then to Wayne County to be
married, and bringing my wife with me, on horseback, into the
woods of Randolph. Judge M. thinks James Massey was the
first settler in Ward Township, Some of the Masseys were there
in 1818. Burkett Pierce says James and another Massey came
the same fall he did— 1820 or 1821. Judge M. thinks, also, that
Philip Storms came to Allensville after he (Miller) came to Ran-
dolph, and that Connor stayed on the nver above Deerfield, five
or six years after 1822.

" Lewallyn's mill ground very slowly. They said a pig crawled
into the trough and licked up the meal, and that he would squeal
because the meal did not come fast enough for hira. This is
probably another version of tho " hound" story, so often repeated.

"Meetings were held for a long time at private dwellings,
i. e., at Riley Marshall's, and also elsewhere."

MAKTIN A. KEEDER, 1822.

" John Gass had settled at his place, southwest of Winchester,
and was keeping tavern there when the Wavs, etc., came from
South Carolina, in the spring of 1817.

" The first entry in Randolph County used to be said to be
three miles east of Winchester, where Miles. Scott now lives. That
land was entered by Jeremiah Motfett, in December, 1812.

•'Anti-slavery societies began to be formed between 1836 and
1840, or sooner. The U. Q. R. R. had a sort of organization,
though not a very elaborate one. Lists of the stations, of the
routes, of the men who would entertain and who would forward
fugitives, etc., were kept for reference along the route.

At Winchester, Eli Hiatt was a chief promotor of the work.
Others, were .Tames P. Way, Frank Diggs, Jesse Way, Moorman
Way, Dr. Cook, M. A. Reeder and others ; George Biiiley and
others, at Huntsville ; Zimri Bond, John H. Bond, etc, at Cabin
Creek. Large numbers were in sympathy with the work ; some,
in fact, who would hardly have been expected to do so. One
man, a landlord in Jay County, who was then, and has always
since been, a stanch Democrat, was nevertheless a constant and
reliable helper in the U. G. R. R.

At one time, a company of twelve stopped at Eli Hiatt's.
The pursuers came to town while the fugitives were still here.
They knew the fugitives were not far off, but not that they were
in town.

Dr. Cook went early toward Ridgeville, and, returning, met
the man-hunters — giving them such information &s caused them
to suppose their prey was ahead, and they pressed vigorously on-
ward (four men, all armed to the teeth).. The slaves were taken
back to Huntsville, from there to John Bond's and thence to
Caraden, and so on toward Canada.

"During the war of 1861, Mr. Reeder and his wife went as
nurses in the hospital, etc., spending more than a year in that
service, and going wholly at his own expense. He was at Wash-

ington City, at Gettysburg and elsewhere, witnessing many sad
and fearful scenes of terrible suffering, and doing his utmost for
its relief. He bore a commission from Gov. Morton, and recom-
mendations from President Lincoln, which enabled him to go
anywhere he pleased in the prosecution of his loving work, and
he feels thankful for the degree of success which attended his la-
bors in his country's cause. Gov. Morton's name was itself a
" power," and, of course, President Lincoln's " sign manual" was
omnipotent, and both together became irresistible."

The following was printed in a Winchester paper in 1875;

M. A. REEDER.

Last week, Mr. Harris AUman and his wife returned, afler an
absence of forty-five years, to visit their former friends and com-
rades in this vicinity — now, alas, but few. His father, Matthew,
Allman, was a very early settler here, and in 1830 removed to
White Lick, between Plainfield and Indianapolis. Since that
removal, a wonderful change has taken place !

Winchester was then a solid forest. About eight families
were at that time residents of the place, scattered here and there
over the town plat, in small log cabins. The heavy timber was
near on every hand. The streets could not be seen. Only three .
houses now [1875] remain standing that were here when Mr. All-
man left, and one of them has lately been reconstructed.

The old settlers are mostly gone. M. A. Reeder has been .
longest a resident of the town, including, also, his mother, who
is still living. Mr. Allman passed through the city (in company
with M. A. R.), searching, almost in vain, to find the spots of
familiar interest of the early olden time. Mr. A. pointed out many
locations of objects then important, now to the younger genera-
tion unknown.

The old schoolhouse, on the site where now stands the resi-
dence of A. Aker, Jr. : the old spring at which the scholars
slaked their thirst, located on the east bank of Salt Creek, about
a rod south of the Washington street bridge ; the old Aker Hotel,
partly standing, just east of the City Hall ; the Odle storeroom,
the first dry goods store, afterward the. residence of D. Haworth
and of Jacob Elzroth, Esq., and now occupied by George Isom j
Haworth 's cabinet-shop, now occupied by J. W. Diggs as an un-
dertaker.

The big oak tree, seven feet through, which stood where now
stands Col. H. H. Neff's elegant mansion ; the " old fort and
mound," near and in the " Fair Grounds ;" the " Ring Spring,"
one hundred yards west of the toll-gate on the pike leading west-
iTftrdv; the big walnut tree, six feet through, standing where now
Hon, E. L. Watson resides; the old Quaker (or Richmond)
Trace, leading from the Wayne County settlements into these
northern woods, which ran out the south end of East street, which
trace is noW nearly obliterated — these, and other landmarks un-
known to the present inhabitants, were full of interest to one who
spent his boyhood in our vicinity when all was rough and wild,
full fifty years ago.

ISAAC BRAN80N — STONY CREEK.

Came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1822 (or sooner), entered
land in the southern part of Stony Creek, in 1822 [Section 10,
19, 123, being the farm afterward owned by Abram Clevinger.
This land he sold to Joseph Rooks, about 1825, and entered land
again in the southern part of Nettle Creek Township [W. N. W.,
15, 18, 12], near Mr. Burroughs, March 26, 1816. They sold
out again and moved to Delaware County, becoming pioneers in
that region.

They raised a large family of children, enduring great hard-
ships and peril. Mr. Branson died many years ago, but " Aunt
Patsy" Branson, as she is called, resides. with one of her daugh-
ters, in Muncie, Delaware County. She is nearly ninety years
old, but very spry and strong, walking a mile or two without dif-
ficulty or fatigue, and retaining in memory the events of her old-
time life with remarkable tenacity.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

They had peculiar hardships when they first settled in Ran-
dolph. They came into the woods with one horse of their own,
though somebody's two-horse wagon moved them there. In less
than a week after they arrived, her husband cut his knee with a
frow, while splitting clap-boards for a roof to his "camp," and
so badly that he could not step on his foot for six weeks;, and
much of that time he lay helpless on the puncheons of the floor.
About the same time, his only horse died. The horse was not
very good, but it was better than none, and it was all they had,
and they had nothing to buy another.

They came in February, and brought four large iron kettles
to make sugar in. Mrs. Branson and her husband's brother, a
lad of seventeen, who came with them into their forest home, took
hold and opened an immense sugar camp that stood ready to their
hand, and and actually cut the wood, carried the water, made
the troughs, and produced about three barrels of excellent tree-
sugar, all nice and dry, as good as need be. This sugar was in-
deed a "God-send" to the poor, afflicted family in the wilderness.
Mr. B. hired a " plug" pony of his uncle in Wayne County, and
contrived to do his work. After they got corn planted, he took
sugar to Richmond and exchanged for corn and other necessaries.
But their corn and vegetables grew splendidly, and long before the
year was out, they had plenty of corn and potatoes and such
things. They took to the corn as soon as it came to " ro.isting
ears," potatoes as soon as they would do to cook, and squashes as
soon as they got large enough, and ^ on.

They had a cow, and the pea-vines were up to her back, and
she gave abundance of milk, and grew fat on her keeping to boot.

When Mr. B. went to Richmond with his sugar, he borrowed
a wagon and a yoke of oxen, and took grain and things, also, for
some other neighbor settlers, and the trip took a week or more.

Mrs. B. thinks they came in 1819, which may possibly be
the fact ; but if so, they must have resided here more than three
years before they entered land, since that took place in the fall
of 1822. And that, too, may have been true, as Mr. B. seems
to have been very poor, and it may have been three years before
he could raise the money for an entry.

ELDER THOMAS ADDINOTON.

" Once, when T was a boy at school, the teacher would sleep in
" books." There was a boy in school who was rather " simple"
and greatly given to " pranks," just because he " did not know
any better."

One day, a mouse came running across the floor, and the
" simple" boy went to chasing it. .'The teacher was asleep, but
the noise waked him. He looked up and saw the boy capering
about the room. As he spied the lad, he caught his whip and
chased the little fellow, whipping as he went. The poor chap
gave no heed to the slashing of the teacher, but went dancing
ahead after his mouse. At last he " grabbed" with his fingers,
clutched the " varmint," and turning short round, facing the
master, cried, " See, teacher, I ' cotch' him !"

What the teacher did thereafter is not remembered. The
laughing that the school accomplished just then was past all con-
trol, and the picture of that "simple youth," grinning in glee at
his success in grabbing that quadruped, is a vivid thing in the
minds of all who then beheld the performance of the feat."

WILLIAM cox, WEST RIVER.

" Settlers at that time were Joseph Hollingsworth, Albert
Macy, Jesse Ballinger, Joshua Wright, William Stansberry, and
others. Daniel Worth lived on the John Hunnicutt place ; John
Bunker was where John Charles now resides ; Morgan Thorn-
burg lived near White chapel. Some of these had been on their
places for several years.

HURRICANE.

" Eli B. Barnard says he was twenty-seven months old when
the tornado took place. Their roof blew off, and they
shoved the cradle with him in it under the bed to keep him from

drowning, and he says he remembers that. This was where
widow Ballinger lives northwest of Charles W. Osborn's.

A horse was hemmed in with the fallen trees into a place
only a few feet square, and yet the horse was not hurt ! One
man, scared nearly out of his wits, had yet sense enough left lo
pray ; and he cried, " 0 Lord, if thou wilt spare me this time, I
will get away just as soon as I can go !" And he kept his wor>!,
the people say, and the next morning, picking his way to the
nearest standing timber, he left for parts unknown.

Squirrels were one year so poor that they were not fit to eat
William Smith's mill was built before 1819." [Doubtful.]

WILLIAM PIOKETT.

" I have been a miller much of my life. I helped Jeremiah
Cox build his mill on White River, in 1825. It was a watc
mill and stood on the place I now own ; Jeremiah Cox died soo.
after. Joseph and Benjamin Pickett bought the mill, Benjam.-
Pickett built a saw-mill, and in 1853, I bought the farm, 103
acres, and the two mills. The mills ran till the "five dry years,"
1864—69 ; they were pulled down in 1870. The river hat, far
less water now than formerly. I worked as a miller three years
at White Water, afterwards off and on at Winchester, dressing
buhrs, etc. A steam mill was built there about 1835.

" When we were tearing down my saw-mill, a big post fell on
me. While taking a sill from the second story (the mill was built
double), a post, a foot square and eleven feet long, knocked me
down and fell on me. I was confined several weeks. They
thought I could not live: but that was ten years ago and I am
here yet.

WILD HOGS.

" Great numbers of wild hogs were in the woods, descendants
of tame ones, brought by early settlers, that had become wild.
The males would stay wild for years. They would get with
droves, and in a short time the whole drove would become so
wild that you could hardly get them back again. Wild hogs
would attack people when hard pressed. John Chapman, Allen
County, was attacked by a wild boar when out after the cows.
He climbed a big log, and had to stay till the creature left. Hf^
had a fisto with him ; the hog chased the dog and then took after
Chapman himself. He had to stay on the log till some time i
the night.

An immense male hog once attacked a cow, in Thomas
Coates' lane. He stuck his tusk into her breast, and the bloo'l
spurted right out. He then struck another cow and knocked li.
down as if she had been shot. His tusk was broken, or he would
probably have killed her. The children were in the lane, they
saw the hog, and climbed the fence. The men chased him more
than half a mile, and shot him again and again, and at last killc<!
him.

This animal belonged to one of the neighbors, but the creature
had gone wild. On theMississinewa hogs were found wild in abun-
dance when the settlers first came there, as people would let their
swine run in the woods, and after a while hunt them up again, to
get them home, or to kill them for meat. They would go out and
find the " range," and when snow would come several men would
go on horseback, and shoot the hogs as they could find'them.
Sometimes the creatures would be four or five miles from home.
After they were shot the hogs would be hauled home, by the nose,
or on a sled or on a wagon. Once in a while people would make
a fire out in the woods, and scald and dress them before taking
them home.

DEER, ETC.

" Deer sometimes have thirteen prongs. At first the straight
" spike " grows, the next year one prong on each horn, and so
on. A straight horn is called a "spike;" one prong, is called a
"fork;" more than one, "snags," three-snagged, four-snagged,
etc. Deer were fat in the summer and fall and poor in the
spring. I have often killed old deer that had no honib. Horn'
of old deer would be perhaps two feet long, when fall grown.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

" Amos Peacock and Henry Hill once took a load of smoked
bacon to Kichmond, and got only $1 a hundred.

I have bought salt that cost me ^11.37 a barrel. I had flax
seed to sell. I paid for hauling the seed, and the salt back from
Dayton, and the whole cost me as above, f 11.37 per barrel.

" As I was cradling wheat, a cloud gathered south of east,
taking several hours. It covered nearly the whole sky. There
was much lightning and thunder, and a little rain ; I did not
stoj cradling. The body of the storm seemed to pass south.
Shortly after I smelt a strong smell of burning sulphur, the
smell lasting perhaps half an hour. It made me feel sick and
faint, and I came near falling to the ground. Shortly after that
the cholera broke out terribly at Lynn and other places." [See
statements by Frazier, Johnson, Stone, etc.]

MARY HYATT — COATS — PICKETT.

"I was born in Grayson County, Virginia, in 1806. My
father, Zachary Hyatt, came to Wayne County, Ind., 1814,
and to Randolph County in 1817. Winchester, when I first
saw it, October, 1819, had a court house and jail, and three
houses. Once father lay sick, and I was weaving. Suddenly I
saw through the open door a deer crawling through a crack in
the fence. There were two crooked rails, one up and the other
down. The deer had one hind leg broken. I sprang out with
my little thread-knife, and my sisters and myself, with the dog,
chased the deer one-quarter of a mile to a pond about knee deep.
The dog caught the deer by the throat, and we waded in and
killed it with clubs. We dragged the deer from the water, cut
the leaders of the legs, and tucked the others in so we could
carry it with a pole, and in that way we bore it home in triumph.
The men were away, except father, and he was sick. Once the
men were shooting turkeys, and one lit down into the yard and
tried to crawl through the fence. My sister and I caught it and
killed it.

"I used to spin and weave a great deal. I have woven many
a yard of tow, and linen, and woolen. I wove coverlets, etc.,
for the whole region, Richmond, Mississinewa, Wabash, etc. Mr.
Lewallyn from Ridgeville, once brought fiye coverlets. I told
him, " I can't weave them, I have more than I can do." " Don't
say a word," said he, " I shall leave the work, and you must do
it, though it should stay here five years." So, he left the work,
and in due time I wove them. We used to card and spin raw
cotton, and wool too. My price for weaving coverlets was, ?1
apiece.

"One day mother went away to be gone ten days. The flax
was on the ground rotting. We girls took up the flax, dried,
broke, swingled and hatcheled it, carded, spun and wove it; and
by the time mother came home, the cloch was in garments, and
on the children's backs.

" We used pewter platters, dishes, etc." [Mrs. Pickett showed
a large ancient pewter platter, about a foot across, and heavy and
thick, that her mother bought in 1818. It had never been
molded over, and was about as good as new.]

"My father sold his placL- in North Carolina, and got ready to
move to Indiana. Everything was packed and loaded, ready
to start in the morning. The boys got up before daylight, and
fed the horses, and got the harness to "gear up. ' Mother said,
"you need not do it, father is sick." In ten days, father died.
Mother married again, and in a year or two, came to Indiana."

WILLIAM ARMFIELD THORNBURG STONY CREEK.

"When we first came, Richmond was our place of trade. We
would go with the front wheels of a wagon, taking out the king-
bolt, and fixing clapboards on the bolster and the "slider," pul-
ing on our coon skins and deer-skins and ginseng, and wheat if
we could spare any, and the corn to be ground. The trip could
be made as handily as you please. With only the two wheels,

one could turn and twist almost any way around and among the
trees. The " truck " would be traded for " store tea," and cot-
ton yarn, and powder and sole-leather. If a barrel of salt were
needed, father would go with the whole wagon.

" The first mill I ever saw, was Sample's mill, a corn cracker.
The mills then were small affairs, but we boys thought them
something wonderful.

" Our folks made large quantities of tree sugar. Two springs,
we made, each season, two barrels of grain sugar, 100 pounds of
cake-sugar, and forty or fifty pounds of molasses.

"The third spring of our residence in Randolph, Samuel An-
thony, father of E. C. Anthony, Esq., of Muncie, came to that
place with a store of goods. Father needed some things. He
said to my mother and myself, " you go to Muncie with a sack
of sugar apiece." We filled the sacks; mother took hers before
her, but I took a heavy sack. We got there in due time (twelve
miles), and traded the sugar at 6| cents a pound for coffee at half
a dollar, and other goods as high as they could well be. When ^
father built his mill, coffee and whisky had both to be furnished,
or the men would not work. I had to go to Judge Reese's dis-
tillery in Delaware County, for the whisky, which when a lad, I
have often done. Father and I once went to Richmond with
two yoke of oxen and the wagon, carrying flour and ginseng
and sugar and deer-skins and coon skins, perhaps $35 worth in
all. The trip took four days, (thirty-five miles). A man named
Brightwell was in company. As they were about to start for home,
Brightwell said, "take a drink," handing a bottle of "ginger
pop," and as he drew the cork the "pop" flew clear to the loft.
Father drank and gave me some. As we came to a big hill,
father said to me, " you tend the hind cattle, and I will see to the
forward yoke," locking the wagon, as he spoke, but taking the
forewheel instead of the hind wheel. We went down the hill, but
it was a terrible "go," neither of us knowing what the matter
was. Just as we reached the bottom, I saw what he had done,
and said, " what made thee lock the forewheel ? " " The dogs,
I did, didn't I?" said he. I told my brother, and he remarked,
" father was pretty tight." However, he was no drinker, but he
got caught that time."

MRS. JOSEPH BROWN, JR.

" My uncle, William Simmons, cameearly to Randolph County,
Ind., and, I think, as soon as 1821. He lived just at the line
between Jackson and Ward Townships, directly on the Missis-
sinewa River, south of New Pittsburg. He died in middle life,
but was the father of twenty-one children by the same wife. They
were all raised " by hand," the mother being unable to " suckle"
them. Twelve became grown, and ten are still living.

"James Simmons (my father) worked one harvest for Chief
Richardville, near Ft. Wayne. One day an old man passed along
tiie road having a tall hat on his head and a bundle on his back, and
being otherwise odd looking. The boys began to " poke fun " at
him. Suddenly he laid down his bundle, took off his bat, whirled
round and faced them. Said he, " Do you know the eleventh
commandment ?" " No, what is it? " " Mind your own busi-

" That was a " center shot," their battery hushed, and without
another word the old man went his way.

"When he was a boy at home, during the " squirrel year,"
James shot squirrels for weeks, throwing them to the hogs out-
side the field, and leaving them to decay upon the ground. It
was a hard task, but they saved their corn by the means.

" Daniel B. Miller and his wife came on horseback to their
forest home, and she stuck a black locust riding switch into the
ground in the door yard. It grew and became a fine, large tree,
and a few years ago was there still.

"James Simmons was a great hunter. It may be safely said
that he killed more deer than any other man in Jackson Town-
ship. When he was building his log house, he set himself
to cut and hew four logs a day, and besides that to kill one deer,

HISTORY 0¥ RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and he did it. They lived at first for two or three months in a
"camp " made of rails.

" He has killed six deer in one day. At one time he ran a
deer till away after dark and got lost, and in the night he kept
wandering round and firing his gun. His wife heard the firing,
and, thinking that he might be lost, she took the ax and pounded
as hard as she could upon a " gum " there was in the yard. He
heard the pounding, and the noise guided him home.

" In winter time, after supper he would sit and tell deer stories
as long as anybody would listen. He used never to think about
gluing home from hunting as long as he could see the " sights "
upon his gun, and often he would have a " time " to find his way
to his cabin."

BEAR STORY.

"When I was a little girl, my brother (a little bit of a fellow),
and myself were playing by a creek near the house, and a bear
came and sat watching us from the opposite bank, a high bluff
ten or fifteen feet high. I thought it was a dog, and was not
scared. Presently mother saw the old fellow, and "hissed" the
dog, which came and " tackled " the bear. She called to us, and
we heeled it for the house. While the dog and the bear were
" tussling," Jacob Harshman came along with his gun, hunting,
and he shot and killed the bear. ■

" They used to have some fun in those days too. Cameron
Coffin, a gentleman land-owner, came out to see to his land ; he
was not used to the woods, and the "bushwhackers " made game
of him. One day he was at James Simmons' sugar camp, and
the boys were making wax. Coffin was 'green ' upon the subject
of wax making, and they made some very hard and sticky,
and got him to take a great chunck into his mouth to eat it ; he
chewed the wax till his teeth and jaws were all stuck fast to-
gether. He worked and worked and clawed and dug at the wax
till he was nearly choked. Finally the stuff softened and melted
somewhat in his mouth, and he made out to get clear of it; but
he had a terrible time, and the boys nearly died laughing at the
fun. At another time, they were walking a foot log over the
river, and he undertook it, too; he did not know hov/ to keep
his balance, and the boys pretended to come near falling off, and
shook the log so that he did fall ofi" into the water waist deep.
He was not used to such life ; the backwoods boys were too much
for him, and he " got out of that," and went back to the settle-
ment where he came from, and left the jolly blades to play tricks
upon themselves."

F. G. WIGGS, GREENSFORK.

"Father left North Carolina when I was seven years old ; we
were six weeks and three days on the road, reaching William
Arnold's (now Noah Turner's), May 5, 1826. I rode a horse
(that pulled one of our carts) all the way. Father put me on
the horse the evening we started, and I rode clear through.
We had two carts, and father led the other beast. Mother also
walked a great deal ; we camped under a tent through the whole
journey ; several families were in company : Joseph Copeland,
wife and four children ; Isaac Cook, wife and four children ;
father and mother and four children, eighteen in all.

" Father lent Isaac Cook $25 to come with (which he paid af-
terward). Father bought eighty acres of Benjamin Puckett,
agree'"' to give $250 a" 1 a cart valued at 51;.15. He afterward
enters 1 eighty acres, and mother lived on it till she died in the
fall of 1881; we settled in tho wilderness. William Arnold and
Fred, .-:.'• Fulghuir. -r- j just before father did. Fred Fulghura
had come back to Carolina and told us what a grand place Indi-
ana was, and father wes not satisfied till he moved out there him-
self Deer used to come into father's clearing, and they were
so tame that they would not run away ; father had no gun, and
never shot any of them."

JAMES W. CLARK.

" The first school I went to was held in a little horse stable
made of slabs set endwise. David Semans taught the school.

The seats were slabs with legs in, no backs, of course. The first
church in the town was in 1837, on the ol.i church lot, now (a
part of) the graveyard. Three camp-meetings were held near
Spartansburg (in 1838-40 probably). The rowdies disliked
Preacher Bruce. He was pretty " sharp " on them. They had
planned to flog him. They were swaggering round with peeled
canes. He disguised his dress, got a " peeled cane," went down
to the spring among the rowdies, and heard all their plans. He
then went back, opened meeting, and told the astonished trick-
sters from the pulpit all their plot. The rowdies did not whip
him. There were great revival meetings. At one time one hun-
dred members joined.

" The first Disciple meeting was held near old Mr. Stewart's,
a mile or so west of town. Several persons joined. The Baptists
held meeting at Mr. Cartwright's. He was a Baptist.

" When I was a boy, people hired me to hunt their cattle. I could
go anywhere, and not get lost, day or night. When twelve
years old, I used to grind bark for the tanner at eleven pence
(12 J centa) a day. Wild hogs were plenty in the " timber." I
have been treed by them many a time. As I would be after the
cows, the hogs would be in the woods, and they would see and
chase my dog, and he would run to me, and they after him.
Then the hogs would see me and chase me. I would begin to
climb right sudden, you may guess, a high log or a tree, and
there I had to stay till tliey would leave, which sometimes would
not be anywise soon. The hogs would boo-boo around, and then
seem to go away, and suddenly be back, and try to get at
me again. These wild hogs had sprung from swine that had
been tame, and had bred in the woods, and so their offspring had
grown to be wild. My grandfather would let his swine run in the
woods, and by-and-by he would find where they slept, and build a
pen partly round their nest, and watch and shut them in. Then
he would catch the pigs and mark them, and let the whole
" pack " go again. At killing time, men would go out and track
and shoot them wherever they might chance to be found. When I
was twelve years old, grandfather was chasing up and killing his
hogs. The men would shoot them, and I hauled them to the
road with a horse. I forget how many I hauled that day.
Grandfather marketed that pork at Richmond for $1.50 net.

" A big poplar tree stood in front of Mrs. Hammond's house,
and another large tree stood on my lot. When I was a boy, I
had a young bullock, perhaps a two-year-old, that I worked. It
was a tough job to catch him, the only way being to run him
down ; and we would have a tedious race. One day I chased
him a long time, and finally he plunged into a pond, and I after
him waist deep. He stopped ; I gathered him by the horns,
Frank Morgan waded in with a rope, and we roped him and
brought his lordship out of the pond in triumph."

[Mr. Clark reckons himself to have been longest a resident of
Spartansburg, since 1826, or fifty-six years ago. Frank Morgan
and he were boys then together, but Frank spent many years of his
youthful life elsewhere, and, moreover, he died in 1880 at Spar-
tansburg. Still, Mr. C. is by no means an old man, but is active
and vigorous aa in former days.]

WILLIAM CLEVINOER.

" The settlers when father came, 1828 (near father's), were
Bezaleel Hunt, Nettle Creek ; Joel Drake. Nettle Creek ; Mark
Diggs, Nettle Creek ; Joab Thornburg, Stony Creek ; Jonathan
Finger, Stony Creek ; Job Thornburg, Stony Creek ; Abraham
Clevinger, Stony Creek ; David Vestal, Stony Creek ; George
W. Smithson, Stony Creek; Joseph Rooks, Stony Creek (large
family boys) ; Jonathan Clevinger, Stony Creek ; John Diggs',
Stony Creek ; and in the colored settlement, Richard Robbins
(blacksmith), John Smith, Benjamin Outlan, Richard Scott,
Jerry Terry, Isaac Woods.

" I have been to fifteen log-rollings in one spring. The first
show I ever went to was an animal show at Mttnoie. I walked
fifteen miles and got there by 9 A. M. My f»t-her was a member

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

101

of the Christian Church, and a Democrat. He voted for Jackson
the first time that Jackson was elected, just after he came to Ran-
dolph County.

"He had just money enough to «nter 120 acres. He had one
old horse, and it died in the spring. He had no way to buy any,
and he did without, borrowing snmctimcs, which was hard to do.
He cleared ground, and tended it mostly with the hoe. By next
season he got an ox-team. We plowed our corn with an ox, put-
ting harness on it like a horse, and one boy would lead the ox
and one hold the plow.

"Father and his boys have cleared more land than any other
family in Randolph County — more than six hundred acres. Father
had no wagon for years. He hauled everything on a sled. He
never owned a good wagon. He bought an old one for ^30, and
got "bit" at that. That was about 1836. He used that seven
or eight years, and never owned any other. He made one crop
with no team, and two crops with oxen. Then he traded the
oxen for one horse. The oxen were young, and we could not
"break" them well. We did mostly with one horse. Some-
times in the winter we would have a boy behind the sled with a
rope hitched to hold back with. We had no wheat bread till we
raised some wheat to make it from, for a year or two, at least. I
remember when there were only three wagons in two miles square
among twenty-five or thirty settlers. Once we put liorses to a
wagon with twenty bushels of corn and wheat, and started to
mill (Economy). The hoi-ses knew nothing of pulling together,
and the wagon got stuck fast before half a mile. Six men took
a horse and sack apiece and went ten miles to mill, and left four
or five to get the wagon out. The mill was owned by Nathan
Proctor. Nathan Proctor, Elijah Arnold and others were
charged with counterfeiting, thieving, etc. They were said to
have a " rendezvous " in the " fallen timber." Some were
convicted, and the gang was broken up at last. One of them,
arrested for passing a counterfeit bill, asking to see the bill, took
it and swallowed it.

" My father got his meat thus : He had a dog that would
catch any hog. He helped his neighbors catch their wild hogs,
and they would pay him in pork. The hogs were so wild they
would not eat corn.

"How to build a cabin with weight poles: Build the
square, let the top end logs project a foot or so, put the
butting pole farther out than the body of the house, have it
split and notched and pinned with the edge upright, so as to
catch the ends of the boards ; lay logs to build up the gables,
with their ends scafed off to allow the roof boards to cover them,
and the supporting poles so arranged as to give the proper slant.
Put on the first course of boards, and lay a pole on the course
far enough from the butting pole to receive the second course,
keeping the " weight pole " up by " knees " between it and the
butting pole. Put on the second course and another weight pole,
and " knees," and so on to the top.

" Mother never got a meal of victuals on a cook-stove in her
life."

.JOHN KEY.

" Father came from Tennessee in 1829. He was a Methodist,
and took great delight in the religious services of the olden time.
When camp-meeting opened, he would move down to camp to
stay while the meeting lasted, on a rude wagon with truck wheels
made by sawing them from the end of a huge oak log. He had
no wagon, and for home purposes used a sled. When father
landed in "Randolph," he had just 37 J cents, one old horse, and
five children. Pork was high afterward, and he sold four hogs
for $50, and entered his first forty acres of land.

" Swine would run wild, and often, while we were hunting them
and the dogs were trying to catch them, the wild creatures would
cut the poor dogs' throats with their sharp, strong tusks.

" Once while some men were hunting wild swine, the savage
beasts undertook to run into Dolph Warren's cabin, and scared
the family inside well nigh to death. Squirrels would be so

thick and would make such havoc in the corn that the children
had to be set to scare the greedy " varmints " away.

"The pea vines would grow as tall as a man's head, and as
thick as they could grow, so that one could track a horse or a
cow through the tangled masses of pea vines almost as readily ,
as through a snow-bank.

" Wild plums would grow in the thick woods, loaded down with
as nice fruit as one would need to see; gooseberries, raspberries
and blackberries would grow in the '•clearings" and open places.

"The State road through Dcerfield to Ridgoville, etc., was cut
out about 1830. Mr. Andrew Key helped cut it out from the
State line west, and assisted in opening it, too.

"Mr. Key entered forty acres at first (with that hog money),
and afterward forty acres more ; still later, he bought out Collins
(his brother-in-law)."

"Andrew McCartney, born in 1804, in Virginia, came first
to Jay County, in 1837. He has been married several times ;
once, and the last time, to John Key's sister. He had had a
large family, was a rough, harsh, cruel man, with whom no one
could live in peace. He would boast of his scrapes and exploits,
and, in fact, would readily find and plunge into enough of them to
answer any five ordinary men."

" Riley Marshall lived where Judge Miller did afterward.
Mr. Miller bought Mr. Marshall out."

STATEMENT BY JOHN MOCK, WARD TOWNSHIP.

In 1824, Daniel B. Miller lived in Jackson Township. In a
few years, the Harshmans came, and soon afterward, John Sheets
settled on the Mississinewa, and built a saw-mill. Benjamin
Devor, Ezekiel Cooper, Thomas Devor, Christian Nickey, Dr.
Diehl, the Mikesells, Baileys, Moses Byram and the Debolts,
also moved in before very long.

March 24, 1824, Wa"rd (including Franklin) Township had
seventeen families — Meshach Lewallyn, Benjamin Lewallyn,
George and Henry Renbarger, Daniel Badger, Burkett Pierce,
George Ritenour, William Odle, Elias Kizer, Allen Wall, David
Connor, Reason Malott, William Massey, Riley Marshall, Daniel
Mock, Jeremiah Lindsey, -loab Ward. Lewallyn had a mill that
would crack five bushels of corn in twenty-four hours, if every-
thing was in order. In 1829. he put in a hand-bolt and ground
wheat, each customer bolting his own grist. A saw-mill
was built about that time, near Deerfield. At the Presidential
election in 1824, five votes were cast in the township of Ward.
At that precinct D. B. Miller was Inspector and Riley Marshall
Clerk. Persons could vote anywhere in the county, and most of
the voters went elsewhere to cast their ballots.

In 1829, Ward received a large reinforcement from Tennes-
see, Key, Fields, etc., etc.

In 1836. George Ritenour built a grist-mill one mile west of
Deerfield, with two run of buhrs, which did pretty good work.
Samuel Helm built a saw-mill two and a half miles east of Deer-
field. Collins & Fields also put up a saw-mill half a mile east of
Deerfield. The village of Deerfield was laid out in 1831, but did
not improve till 1837, when Edward Edger came and brought a
store, and from that time it grew and a great amount of business
was done there.

A long time after the first settlement, William P. Charlton
built a steam saw-mill at Ridgeville, and William Addington re-
built the grist-mill, which were of advantage to the county round,
but no town was established till years afterward.

There were but few settlers in Green Township before 1835.
John Life and Samuel Caylor, Bennet King, the Orrs, Cyrus
Reed, Philip Barger, Elijah Harbour, Thomas Hubbard, Nathan
Godwin, the Garringers and others came about that date or soon
after. Fitzpatrick, Evans, Haynes, etc. lived at Fairview.

Antony McKinney built a mill in 1839. Cyrus Reed built
a saw-mill near the grist-mill, causing trouble and a tedious law-
suit.

In 1824, Winchester was a field of stumps, with one store on

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the northeast corner of the square, owned by George Burkett.
The old log court house was on the north side of the street, which
lay north of the square. Charles Conway lived in a log cabin
between the store and Salt Creek, and there was a log cabin still
nearer the creek. On tho northwest corner of the square was a
double log cabin, occupied as a hotel by John Odle. There was a
small log cabin in the southwest part of the town, and the new
log jail stood on the jail lot. Those were the buildings in Win-
chester in March, 1824. In 1825. Thomas and Joseph Hanna
put a stock of goods into a new building on the north side of the
square, and before many years Michael and Andrew Aker bought
them out, and sold goods a considerable time. Meanwhile the Man-
sion House was built, and Jesse and William M.Way put a store in it.
The brick across the street was built, and Jere Smith built the
Franklin House. A. B. Shaw erected a brick on the northwest
square. Moorman Way built the brick west of the Mansion
House. Rush and Kizer put up a brick building on the east of
the sqare.

In 1836, Elias Kizer and David Haworth put up a steam grist-
mill east of Salt Creek, the first steam engine in Randolph
County. This mill was of great importance, as there was none
north of it nearer than Fort Wayne. The new (second) court
house was built in 1826, or thereabouts.

Some of the early settlers in the region now called Monroe
Township were Andrew Devoss, John Henenridge, Jesse Ad-
dington, Mr. Sloan and others. It settled very slowly. The
region had no conveniences, no thoroughfare, no mill, no village
nor town of any sort, until 18.52. The southeastern and
southern portion of the county had been long settled ; the
Bowens, the Fraziers, the Johnsons, the Hocketts, the Hinshaws,
the Beards, the Hunts, the Botkins, the Smiths, the Arnolds of
famous memory and many others had filled up that region. But
in 1824, Nettle Creek and Stony Creek were still in the deep,
unbroken forest. Nathan Mendenhall built a mill on Cabin
Creek, which was a great convenience. John Thornburg put up
mills near Windsor for both grist and sawing.

Among the facts of old times, it may be mentioned that there
was not a shoe shop in Randolph County before about 1830.
People made their own or got some neighbors to do it for them,
and there was not a boot made nor worn in the county before
that date.

A man by the name of Hartley made the first pair of boots in
Winchester, for Michael Aker, and Aker, after exhibiting them a
while to a curious crowd, wore the boots himself

During the winter of 1824-25, an imitation of a school was
had at Deerfield, on a grade from arithmetic down, and the
teacher could not spell the word "highest" any better than to
say h-i-e-s-t, nor tell how much salt $l.l2i will buy, at U-'^li
for fifty pounds [a rather snug little mental problem, by the
way]. I never saw a blackboard in a schoolhouse in Randolph
County, except at the seminary.

The people in the early days were full of hospitality. The
settlers were from all quarters — Connecticut, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia,Kentucky, Tennessee
and Carolina — and all classes vied with each other in generous
hospitality to strangers sojourning in the region.

None were ever allowed to suffer, and men would kill deer
and give the flesh away. And so with turkeys and pheasants
and fish. The way to catch fish was peculiar, and worth a de-
scription.

If the ice was thick enough to stand on, we could cut holes,
and drive the fish to the holes and spear ..them.- Sometimes, in a
sunny day, we would tie three hooks back to back, and haul the
fish out that way. In the spring, they would bite freely ; later
in the season, we would take torches of hickory bark, and spear
the poor fellows as they lay in the ripples of the streams. Some-
times, wo made a "brush-drag" by taking a grape-vine of suffi-
cient length, laying strips of thin hickory bark across the vine
under it, and then piling brush on till there was as much as we

wished, tying the brush to the grape-vines with these strips of
hickory bark ; and, when the drag was completed, it would be
hauled through the water, and the fish would move along in front
of the "drag," and so they would be caught.

There were several ways to kill deer. One way was simply
to shoot them from the ground ; another was to climb a tree, and
shoot them as they were drinking from a spring. Another, and
a very cruel way, was to bleat like a fawn, and decoy the does to

s very sly v

3 they s

death. Hunting turkeys
wonderfully sharp-witted. However, in the "gobblin
you could call the "gobblers'" to you by making a kind of pipe
of the center bone of the wing. Fox hunting and coon hunting
were great sport, though chasing the foxes and chopping the trees
for the coons made a pretty hard task ; yet the fun of it made
the work seem light.

The tools for farm work at first were exceedingly simple. An
ax, an iron wedge, a mattock and a maul, and a big " nigger
hoe," an old-fashioned single shovel plow, and a barshare plow
with an iron share, a coulter in front and a wooden mold-
board, and a harrow made of wood, teeth and all. These were
all they had till about 1829. About that time, John Way began
to make the front part of the moldboard of iron, some of which
would scour, and these were used till about 1834, when Ilorney,
of Richmond, made a cast-iron moldboard and share. And, in
1845, Beard & Sinex brought forward the steel moldboard. About
1830, John Mansur, of Richmond, sold cast-steel axes, and about
1835, the Collins' patent came About 1840, Gaar & Co. pro-
duced the four-horse power chaff-piler threshing machine, and
later the eight-horse power separator came to hand — the Pitts,
from Buffalo, for instance.

In 1836, there was only one open buggy in Ward Township,
and one top buggy, Edward Edger having the former and Widow
Kinncar the latter. Reapers and mowers, hay rakes, corn
planters, nor even simple corn-markers, had any of them come into
use in 185.5, when Mr. Mock left Randolph County for the West.
The first cook stoves in Randolph were brought by Edward Edger
to Deerfield in 1838, one for himself and one for Mrs. Kinnear.
They weighed 600 pounds each and cost $50, besides the hauling
from Cincinnati, which was a large sum. Roads there were none
in those early times, only perhaps that they were cut out some-
what ; and the travel went anywhere among the trees and stumps,
with mud in the wet season two feet deep, even as late as 1855,
when he left for Illinois. Mr. M. started from Deerfield June 10,
1855, in a wagon with as good a span of horses as could be found
in the county, with himself and wife and three small children and
two trunks, perhaps 600 pounds in all, and it was all they could do
to get through to Winchester. At least a mile of the corduroy
was afloat or under water. There were too "little showers"
that day, in which the rain fell five inches deep.

Mr. Mock relates that he once shot a horse belonging to one
of the settlers by the name of Cox in the White River Settle-
k,nent, east of Winchester, in mistake for a deer. Mock was
young, and he was greatly alarmed. He went to Mr. Cox and
told him. "So thee has killed my horse." "Yes." "And
thee thought it was a deer." " I did." " And thee wishes to
pay me for the horse." " It would bo no more than right that I
should, I suppose." "Well, John, I guess I'll not charge thee
anything for the horse." And then Mock felt mightily relieved.

One of the old settlers (who might be named, but will not be,
as he is yet alive) came to mill one morning and bought a drink
of whisky. In undertaking to swallow it, he threw it up twice,
but, catching it in the glass, he kept turning it down, exclaiming
the third time he swallowed it (with an oath), " Stay down ;
whisky costs too much money to be wasted that way." And it
stayed at last.

Jacob Voris was a butcher and a grocer and a baker. He
made great quantities of gingerbread, that wonderful " nick-
nack " of olden time. The chaps had a song about it, one
stanza o*" which ran thus :

HISTORY OF RANDOLrH COUNTY.

" Of all the birds that fly ia air,
The white, the blue, the red;
Of all the cakes that Voris bakes,
Give me the ' gungerbread.' "

At one time they had a spelling match at the school west of
Deci-ficM under William Shoemaker as teacher. They spelled
from the dictionary, which was the first time Mock had ever seen
a book of the kind. It scared him out. He thought it was of
no use to try to spell from that.

The best teacher in that region in those days was James Ed-
wards, from Cincinnati or thereabouts. He taught a term or two
and left again.

CHARLES CRIST.

When we moved to Hancock County, Ohio, there was but one
house within three miles of where we built our cabin. It was
January, and the snow was eight inches deep in the woods. My
family stayed at that house, and we (brother and myself) tramped
back and forth night and morning, to build my cabin, and we
could get only two other men (four in all) to help raise it. It
wag small, fourteen by sixteen, and just high enough to stand
up in. When we moved in, it was chinked, but not daubed ; had
neither chimney, nor floor, and no door (only a hole for one).
We built a big log-heap fire to cook and warm by for two or
three days, till we got a fire-place and chimney made, and we
hung up a quilt for a door. There were only throe or four houses
then at Fort Findlay. There was one store ; the two men that
kept it were so poor that they had only one coat between them,
and they brought their goods on packhorses. We were as happy
then as ever in our lives. The Indians lived on their " Reserve,"
between Findlay and Upper Sandusky (about twelve miles
away). They used often to pass as they were hunting — Wyandots
and others. They are gone now, except some who live like
white people. I have stayed many a night with the Indians.
They lived well; the half-breeds, especially were intelligent and
industrious.

" For some years, we had to go to mill to Perrysburg (Fort
Meigs), on the Maumeo River, across the "Black Swamp."
That "Black Swamp" was a terrible place. We would take
three yoke of oxen, and twenty-five bushels of grain, and cross
the swamp, eighteen miles, and then go fifteen miles farther to
the mill. The trip would take us twelve days, sometimes going
only two or three miles a day. We crossed at what was " Hull's
Trace," and the places were still there where Hull's soldiers cut
brush, and little trees, and fixed and wove them together, to
make places to keep them out of the mud and water as they slept
at night The mud was black and deep — how deep I do not
know. Large rocks were scattered in many places through the
swamp.

"At another swamp in that country, there was a "crossing "
made of rails, for a road, and the swamp would shake for several
rods on each side, as a wagon passed along the track, and if a
horse or ox got off the rails, he would sink into the mire so that
he could not get out, only as he was hauled out. The " Black
Swamp" has since been drained, and the farms there are among
the very best. This swamp exteuded a great distance, perhaps
150 miles. As we traveled across it, we slept in the wagon, and
would tie one ox to the wagon, and turn the rest out to feed.
The surface away from the track was firm enough for cattle to
walk on, and feed upon the weeds and bushes. I was at Lower
Sandusky when the cholera prevailed. The emigrants going
West died there in great numbers. I saw them lying dead
around, I cannot tell how many. I got a load of salt to take to
Findlay, and as I went to get some buckwheat straw to stuff
round my barrels, I found several corpses lying covered in the
straw.

"We lived in Marion County, Ohio, when the "stars fell," No-
vember, 1833. Some people that worked the next day in a deep
well saw the" stars falling " all the next day also. In a deep well
in Baltimore County, Md., eighty-four feet deep, which I cleaned

out, I saw distinctly the stars from the bottom of the well. In
Hancock County, Ohio, Mrs. Crist saw a "ball of fire" fall to the
ground, and explode in all directions. I, myself, saw, one night,
one fall not fifty yards off. It struck the ground aud burst, and
the fire flew every way. The light was bright enough te see to
pick up a pin. It seemed as large as a man's hat, and burst as
it struck. I have bought cornmeal at |1 a bushel that was so
musty it was green, and that smelt so strong you could smell it
several feet from the wagon, and we were glad to get even that !
I used to split rails at 20 cents a hundred, and to work at 40
cents a day.

" The first spring, I cleared up five acres for corn. A good
crop grew, but tiie birds and "varmints" mostly ate it up. I
used to kill squirrels, and coons, and turkeys, so many that I
did not take the trouble to pick them up. The turkeys would
come twenty or thirty in a flock."

THOMAS MIUDLETON.

" I came to Indiana with $3 and a rifle-gun. I have been
greatly afflicted ; had much sickness. Have seven times been sick
expecting to die ; yet I am eighty-one years old, and in moderate,
though feeble, health. I have paid thousands of dollars for doc-
tors' bills. I w.as sick, when a boy, and I am sick in the same
way yet. My back was hurt when I was a small child, and it
hurts me still. I have had the piles and the gravel from early
youth. I was ruptured in 1826, which remains till now. Dr.
Ruby made thirty visits from Bethel at one time. I took my
wife and walked and led the mare to Richmond. My wife stayed
six weeks, and got no relief. She came home and lived till Octo-
ber. My second wife was visited once a day for seventy days. I
once sent for Dr. Warner, who prescribed for my case. Said he:
"When this medicine is gone, come and see me."^ I went, and he
charged me ^l.^O, and said : "You can't be cured. Some doc-
tors will say: 'We can cure you,' but all they wish is a big bill ;
they can run that up on you fast enough." I was at one time
greatly troubled with the gravel, and Dr. Morgan tried to ease
me. He injected morphine into my side, which seemed to give
relief. I had been almost raving and wild with pain from
Wednesday morning till sometime Sunday.

" Thus many and severe have been my afflictions from my
youth even till this day, but I have trusted in the Lord, and
trust Him still."

EUSHA T. BAILEY.

" Dr. Silvers used to live near Ridgeville. He and his cousin,
when small boys, were captured by the Indians, and lived and
traveled with them for many years (1811 and onward) from Vin-
cennes to Muncie, Greenville, Ft. Wayne, etc.

" When the Indians captured the boys, the clothes were thrown
on the bank of a creek to make believe the children had been
drowned.

" The Indians often passed through portions of Randolph
County.

"Dr. Silvers used to say there was a spot on Nolan's Fork,
under a knotty walnut tree (he thinks on the farm of John Thomas,
oneof the first settlers), where the Indians had buried money. The
doctor has gone, in later years, and dug to find it; whether he
succeeded or not, probably no mortal knows.

"At another place, near Richard Corbitt's, he said metal had
been found.

" On Green's Fork, he said, an old Indian buried a lot of
money, and the doctor spent months in hunting for it, but whether
he found that or not no one ever knew but himself.

"The Indians used to ha /-e copper kettles (gotten in trade with
the English or the French), and settlers have found some of them.
Mr. Frazier, on Green's Fork, found one in early times."

WILLIAM M. LOCKE.

"The first preaching appointment at Spartansburg was started
by Ohio preachers at Brother William McKim's. The Methof^

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ists built their first church there, in 1837, and their present one
in about 1869.

" The first preaching was about 1833. We joined in 1834, in
Mr. McKim's barn. Camp-meeting3 were held a little west of
town three different seasons. The preachers in charge were Revs.
Hall, Bruce and Smith. Large numbers joined the church.

"A Mr. Manning died near the camp ground. He had been
sick, and was feeling better, and he wished so much to attend
meeting, that he went before he was able, and by the excitement
and the night air ho took a relapse, and was dead before they got
him home.

"There had been a little mill where Jessup's mill was after-
ward built, but it was gone. The " Quaker Trace " had been
cut out, but as you went farther north, the track went " all over
the woods," over saplings, round logs and ponds, etc.

" John Alexander used to tell how, in high water, the cattle
would get on the bridges, and the puncheons would be floating,
and the oxen would get their legs between the puncheons, and
the teamsters would unyoke the cattle and let them swim out.
How the wagons were got across cannot be stated. Old Thorn-
ton Alexander and his boys (colored) used to wagon regularly to
Ft. Wayne."

ARTHUR M'KEW, 1831, RIDGEVILLE.

" When I was a lad, thirteen years old, Iwent with father to Fort
Wayne, with two yoke of oxen and a wagon ; and he worked there
two weeks. When about to start for home, father found a man
who was going to Logansport, and father waited, went with him,
taking the oxen and wagon, and sending me home by the "Quaker
Trace," alone. It took me five days to make the journey. It
was a lonely trip, and I camped out several nights. Father, in
coming home, lay out the last night. There was a heavy snow-
fall, and he spread the blanket over him and raked the snow on
and around him to keep him warm.

"At one time, Thomas Shalor, whose home was near Camden,
Jay County, Ind., came to mill, and after bacon, etc., with a
wagon and two yoke of oxen. As he started home, in passing a
drain bridged with poles, an ox got a leg between the poles, and
broke it. Mr. S. came back for help, and hired me (a boy four-
teen years old) to take a yoke of oxen and help him through. As
we were crossing the " maple slash," in Jay County, the ox-
tongue broke. It was in winter, and the snow was six inches
deep. Shaler went to Mr. Welch's, four miles off, to get help
and tools. He returned after dark with an ax and an auger and
two men. Joseph Hawkins (another boy, fourteen years old) and
myself took the " back tracks" of the men, getting to Mr.
Welch's after midnight, nearly chilled through. She got up (the
woman was in bed), and gave us some " corn dodger," and it was
good, sure. The men came with the wagon and team, near day-
light, with feet badly frost-bitten. After breakfast, Shalor and I
went on, getting to Philip Brown's for dinner (corn bread and
venison) — near Liber — and staying at Judge Winters' that night.
In the morning, we cut the ice and crossed the Salimony, and
went on thrpugh the thick woods, there being no road ; and away
in the night we got within half a mile of Shalor's cabin ; but
there was a creek and ice, and the oxen would not cross ; so we
tied them to the wagon, and, shouldering some meal and bacon,
footed it to the cabin. But that cabin was a sight. No daub-
ing, no chinking, no lioor, no fireplace, no chimney ; fire in the
middle of the cabin, and the iiouse filled with smoke. The woman
got up, cooked us some meat and gave us some dodger, and we
lay down. That woman and her four little girls had been there
alone for more than a week, and were out of food. [See J. Haw-
kins' statement.] The next morning I started for home with the
cattle. I bad passed Judge Winters' about 1 P. M., when I met
father, with Mr. Lewallyn and Mr. McCartney, hunting me. We
got home about midnight, I having been absent five days.

" At another time, a horse had strayed. He was " spanciled,"
and I "trailed" him. I had on a rimless straw hat, and no coat
nor vest, but simply tow shirt and pants, and was barefooted. I

followed the trail to near Huntsville, stayed all night with a
" Dunkard," and ihe next morning went with him to a " woods
meeting." The preacher made inquiry, and a man came and
told me he had seen such a horse, and where. The horse had
been raised at Connersville, and seemed to be heading thither. I
went to Connersville, Cambridgo City, Milton, Jacksonsburg,
Waterloo, etc., but no horse could I find, and so I set out for
home. I met father near Maxville, hunting for me. I told him
what the man had said, and he went and found the horse in that
neighborhood. I had somehow missed him. My travels had
been one hundred miles or more, and lasted seven days. At
Waterloo they thought rae a runaway apprentice, and were about
to arrest me as such ; but a man there happened to know my
father and myself, and they let me go. And truly I was a sight
to behold, and my story, though true, was entirely unlikely, and
people would not believe me.

" Flatboating was a great business in those times. We used
to steer the boats down the river over the dams, etc., to the Wa-
bash, or elsewhere, and then go home on foot. Once, five of us
were hired to take five boats down, all la.shed together. We got
through all safe, got our pay twenty miles below Marion, and
" put" for Randolph. We struck south for the road (what there
was), and so to Marion. Billy Gray said, " Boys, this makes ray
thirteenth trip. I always had plenty of company at the start,
but none when I got home." We set forth that day for " keeps."
The next day, Billy Gray was not well, but ho warmed up and
left us. We had to wade waist-deep that day to cross a stream.
The nextJay he went ahead again, but we passed him before he
reached Fairview. Gray stayed at Elijah Thoma-s', south of Fair-
view. Addington stayed at Caylor's Tavern, Roe came home,
three miles from Ridgeville, and I got home to Ridgeville at mid-
night, having traveled that day more than fifty miles, often wad-
ing, and in places waist deep."

[Note. — Arthur McKew died at his home, in Ridgeville, Jan-
uary, 1882.]

" George Porter, ray brother, came out in the spring of 1829,
and raised crops, and then came back and moved his family to
Randolph, three or four weeks before I arrived there.

" There was a mill at Ridgeville, when I came. Henry Hinchy
built a water-mill on the Mississinewa, after a while, for corn and
wheat, bolted by machinery, in (about) 1844.

" The first school was taught by George Porter's wife, about
one-half mile west of our house (in Ward Township), about 1836.

" We used to go to meeting (M. E.), at Riley Marshall's house,
near (what is now) Prospect Meeting-House. Mrs. P. used to go
afoot and " tote" the baby — three miles. Mrs. Porter used to
be greatly afraid of the Indians, though they never injured her.
Travelers would often pass from Winchester to the " Quaker
Trace." We were glad to see them and have them stay over
night.

" The Brockuses would drink and fight. Their wives were fine
women, but the men used them badly. They would not work,
but would go off hunting or running about. The women would
be at home with nothing to eat.

" I went three times to Cincinnati to enter land — forty acres
each time — afoot, except, partly, the second time. Then I rode
a colt to Harailton, and sold it there for $35 cash, to enter land
with. I had been offered $100, credit, for the horse at home, but
I was in a hurry to enter my land, for fear somebody else would
get it before rae. I went afoot to Cincinnati, and home again.

" Thomas Shaler lived in a cabin on this place (and his brother ;
but they moved off). He had been here three or four years. Samuel
Emery came in 1826. He lived in Ward Township, two miles
down the Mississinewa. Allen Wall lived close by Emery's.
There were no more between here and Deerfield, on the Mississin-
ewa. Daniel B. Miller and Riley Marshall lived near Prospect
Meeting-House, east of Deerfield. Philip Storms lived near
" Sockum," at the crossing. He had been there some time. An-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

drew Debolt lived at Mount Holly. William Simmons had been
here, had gone away to Blue River, and he came again in 1330.
Messrs. Keys, Hodge, Manus and Fields lived south of here.

" Thomas Devor and Mr. Beach, Jacob Johnson, Joseph Sut-
ton, James Wickersham, Amos Smith, Thomas Wiley and John
Hoke came after a while. John Skinner and James Skinner
came also."

WILLIS C. WILLMORE.

" Before I was five years old, I remember being at my grand-
father Harrison's; I was with some black boys tramping clothea
in a big trough. My uncles made me popguns, and gave me
slices of toast from the plate before the fire. When five years
old, father took me to his new home, and my new mother.

" As I got to the gate, I ran into the house, and the first thing
I knew I was in my stepmother's lap. Father settled among
the Blue Ridge Mountains. A part of the farm was creek bot-
toms, the rest was on the mountains. Some of the surface was
very steep, so that it could be cultivated. The sloping land had
to be plowed one way, and some could not be plowed at all ;
and that which was too steep to be plowed was cultivated entirely
with the hoe. The stones and the hoe would often meet, and sev-
eral hoeing together would make lively music. The mountains
were full of bears, wolves, panthers, wild cats and snakes. Rat-
tlesnakes and copperheads were the most dreaded. Our nearest
neighbor was a mile distant. We could see no house but our
own. Many days would pass with a sight of none but our own
family. The pasture was fine in the mountains and ravines,
and ready in March. The cows would come to their calves for
three or four months, and then they had to be hunted. I was
the cowboy, and often night would find me in the mountains call-
ing the cows. The hair would well-nigh stand on end for fright
while driving them over rocks and hills, and through laurel thick-
ets, not knowing when I might meet a wild beast or tread on a
snake. One night, two of my brothers, out coon-hunting, came
home at daylight, and said the dogs were baying a bear in the
mountain close by. We went with the gun to find the den. I
walked to its mouth, the bear met me and passed without a word
of " How-d'ye," or " Good bye." I crawled in and captured
three cubs and took them home.

Another night, John and I were hunting in a strange place.
John fell from a cliff; I hugged a tree. At dawn we were at the
edge of a precipice over a stream.

One time, going home from picking whortleberries, we came
upon three huge rattlesnakes lying in the sun. We cut three
long forked sticks, and put them over their necks, and I held
down their heads with a short fork, and cut them off with my
pocket-knife. We did this to prevent their biting themselves, be-
cause we wanted the oil. We dragged our snakes two and a half
miles to get them home. When I was skinning one of them the
headless neck drew back and stood in the attitude to strike, ai
gave a forward blow as if to bite. My brother laughed at r
years afterward for being bitten by a rattlesnake without

" In the valley where I was born, in the Blue Ridge, the si
would shine far up the western heights long ere we could s
its disk above the eastern hills, and long before night, moreover, it
had sunk behind the mountain tops. In that rugged country,
work began at daylight, and at 9 A. M., the horn blew for break-
fast, and at 2 or 3 o'clock for dinner, which was the last meal.
The work kept on from dawn till dark, and in winter cotton had
to be picked till 9 or 10 o'clock at night.

The hills were very steep, so much so that often we were
obliged to " tote " things a long way to where they could be
"hauled." One day I was driving a cart, and, though several
were holding it, over it went — load and all. Luckily the "over-
turn " did little damage, so we loaded up again and went on.

People here can have little idea of the hardships of such a life
in 80 rough and rugged a land.

Yet there were some advantages even there. The clear, cool,

bright springs gushing from the hillsides, and the pure, fresh,
bracing mountain air were a delight to behold and to breathe.

" I had even in my boyhood resolved that this hard and broken
land was "not the land for me." I had beard of that fair, level,
rich country in the Northwest, beyond the beautiful Ohio, and I
determined to find it, and view its glories for myself. And in
due time the opportunity came. Father liad met with losses and
went to Ohio to find a new home. Meanwhile, I remained be-
hind to settle his business, and a hard and tiresome task it was,
indeed. In performing the work, I walked more than a thousand
miles, and rode hundreds of miles besides.

Once we ' ran off' a tract of land overflowed by a violent rain,
riding on horseback and using poles instead of pegs. The survey
had to be made, and the surveyor would not do it, and so we did.

When all was done that I could do there for father, I moved
stepmother with eight children to the "Great West," Ending fa^
ther in Gallia County, Ohio, in which region he made his new
home. So here I was in the wonderful Northwest, and I had
come to stay. I had bidden the rough and rugged mountains a
long, long farewell. I had found the forest plains of which I had
dreamed so often and so fondly. In Ohio I married, and, after
four years, made my way to Wayne County, Ind.; and after a
brief sojourn there, we pitched our tent under the green beeches
of Randolph.

" But the West was not without its hardships also. Workwas
wearisome, and money was scarce. Twenty-five cents a day (cash)
w.as reckoned fair wages. Fifty cents in " dicker " was easier to
get than half that amount in money.

I chopped and split rails from heavy oak timber for 25 cents
a hundred and my board. Everything (that farmers produced)
was low. The first cow (and calf) I bought was for ?6..50. She
was three years old and very small. When I got home with her
and the calf, I called to my wife, " See here, I have brought you
two calves." She looked and cried out, " She can't raise a calf."
She did though, and both of them made splendid milkers.

We bought pork at $2 net, delivered, and corn was 12| cents
a bushel. I boarded a teacher, Samuel Godfrey, in Wayne
County, about 1830, for 75 cents a week.

" November 17, 1831, we moved into our cabin, and the next
day it snowed. I had managed by years of hard work to get
money, with which I had entered IdO acres of land, and I felt
richer than a king, and hoped and e.xpected to prosper. But,
alas, disease and affliction were speedily my lot. I was doomed
to crutches for life. In less than three months I was prostrated
with the " cold plague," and I have never stood upon my feet
unsupported nor walked without crutches since that hour. 1 lay
a long time helpless, my wife rolling me over in bed. Nobody
thought I would live. But here I am ! When it became clear
that I could not regain strength, I was alarmed at the prospect.
What was to become of us ? But these fears were at that time
taken away, and I clung to the promise, " Sefek first, etc." \Ve
resolved to hold together as a family, which we have done. To
pine, would avail nothing. How we lived is hard to tell. " God
delivered us," is all [ can say. The wheel and the loom did a
brave part. When the calamity came, I was engaged in preach-
ing to two churches. Of course I stopped. But when I had re-
covered so as to go on crutches, though not to sit up, I was sent
for to see a sick man. The house was crowded ; I lay on a pallet
and pointed them to Christ. Since then, often have I, lying on a
couch, in the congregation, invited sinners to repentance, and bade
Christians God speed ! The followers of the Lamb would meet,
and sing, and pray, and I would try to preach, and the Lord was
well pleased for His gracious name's sake. And many a time we
were fed on heavenly manna !

My worldly prospect was indeed dark, but God comforted
me, and blessed be His holy name !

I had grace to trust Him, and He sustained me. We had kind
friends, and we always had enough ; sometimes the bitter tear
would fall, but I lifted up the eye of faith to Him who sent the

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ravens to feed Elijah, and to Him who, though He rules all
worlds, yet had not where to lay his head I I was not disap-
pointed. My friends have been many and kind, and with them
would I live and die ; and may we all rise to light, clothed in the
garments of Sftlvation !

" I was converted and joined the Baptists in 1821, was licensed
in 1825, and ordained in 1830, and in 1839, when we moved to
Winchester, a Baptist Church was organized for that place and
region, which stood many years.

There was, at the time, a Methodist meeting-house, and there
was no other. The Presbyterians began before long, and kept
up an organization for ten or fifteen years, building a house for
their worship, but the church was always weak, and at length be-
came extinct.

" After I moved to Winchester, at first I wrote lying on a nar-
row straw bed, but mostly on my knees. The Recorder's office
then was worth but little ; an able-bodied man could have done
the work, but I had to hire a deputy, and the profits were small.
In the summer of 1847, my disease' returned, and in May, 1848,
I was hauled between two feather beds to where I now live. I
was confined to my bed at that time for more than two years ;
since then I have been several times snatched from the jaws of
death by the same hand which has led me all my journey
through. Like the Jews before Jordan, 1 look across the river
and behold the blessed Canaan.

Like Moses on Mt. Pisgah's top, I view the heavenly land-
scape o'er, and humbly wait the appointed time when God shall
set my happy spirit free, and receive my blood-washed soul to
the blissful mansions of eternal rest.

" For some years I trusted in the sweet Bible promises, and
was upheld in the midst of my sorrow. But, as my family cares
increased, after a time I became somewhat disheartened ; my way
seemed hedged up, darkness was on me, and I felt gloomy and
pad. When I looked at my wife and children, and thought of
their needs and my own, and my helplessness, my soul cried,
" What will ijecome of us ?'

But one Sabbath, after having been to my appointment at
Concord (for I could preach though I could not stand, and had
been greatly helped and strengthened in the Lord's work), I came
home, and at night, when in bed, a burden of distress rolled upon
ray heart, and it seemed that I should be crushed ; I was not
asleep, it was no dream ; but I saw myself struggling through
deep water, and suddenly my Savior was walking by my side,
and He sweetly held me up as I bufi'eted the waves. Deep peace
fell on me, all trouble and doubt and sorrow fled, and my soul
was bathed in joy unspeakable and full of glory. The holy bap-
tism of that midnight hour has never left me ; but I have been
enabled to walk in the strength of the grace I then received, even
to this blessed day.

A cripple bodily 1 have continued to be to this moment, but the
ecstasy of spirit which my poor soul has many a time received
from the Lord, human tongue in this world can never tell. And
the good Lord is with His unwortliy servant still.

The prayer of the Psalmist, '"'When I am old and gray-
headed, 0 Lord, forsake me not," has with me and mine been
wonderfully answered ! Near fifty years ago, I Lay feeble and
helpless, waiting for death to do its work upon my wretched
body; and yet, here I am still, tarrying in this tabernacle of
clay, patiently expecting the hour, now surely near at hand,
when I shall be, " not unclothed, but clothed upon ;" and mor-
tality shallbe swallowed up of life — when I shall be permitted to
see the King in His beauty; when my crutches and my poor old
frame shall be laid aside together, and my freed spirit shall go
shouting home !"

We will priiiae Him again when we pass over Jordan."
Since the Baptist Church spoken of above went down, Mr. W.
has stood outside of special church relation. But he is in full
and blessed sympathy with God and all good men, and feels that

all humble, penitent, God-fearing, heaven-seeking souls are his
brethren and sisters. He feels too, that —

" The church on earth and all the dead,

But one communion malie.

They nil have life in Christ, their Head,

And of His righteousness partake."

Through the glass of faith he views from the tops of the " De-
lectable Mountains" the glorious sights and scenes in the New
Jerusalem ; and feels that the time will not be long till he shall
be among them, till he shall join the ecstatic throng; till with
the spirits of the just made perfect, with the " church of the first-
born, whose names are written in heaven," he, too, cleansed and
purified, " washed in the blood of the Lamb," shall take up the
heavenly song, and swell the hallelujah chorus that rises ever
from the hosts of the saved in the courts of glory on high !

" When I taught school, I did bravely, taking pupils through
arithmetic, etc., where I had never been myself! The firnt
school was by subscription, eight weeks, taught in an old log build-
ing in Frederick Davis' field. It had once boasted a clay and
puncheon fireplace, but that had been pulled down, and the
chimney-place was open, like a barn door. The hooka were what-
ever each pupil brought — Bible, Testament, Life of Washington,
Life of Marion, History of England, spelling books, and so on.
Each one used whatever he brought, too; "uniformity of text-
books " was not in vogue in that institution, sure; of course,
classification gave no trouble, but each tow-headed urchin was
head, and foot too, of his own class. I had, perhaps, twenty
pupils. My school was liked ; my government was somewhat
unique, and certainly original. One day I had two lads standing
face to face, two or three feet apart, with a stick split at both
ends and one end on each boy's nose ; another mischiev-
ous ten-year-old I had thrown astraddle of the naked joist-pole
overhead ; and a fourth luckless wight who had fallen under my
magisterial displeasure, was expiating his crime by standing with
his hands behind his back and his nose plump against the wall !

Just at that supreme moment of the endurance of penalty for
transgressing tlie majesty of violated law, in popped a neighbor and
patron of the school, more noted for bluntness than gentility,
through the open door. He stared, first at one, then at the
next, and so on, till at length as the whole ridiculous gravity of the
curious situation dawned upon his mind, suddenly he broke out
with a rough expression, and, sinking with his ponderous weight
upon the puncheon floor, burst into a loud and uncontrollable fit
of laughter. Was not that school-room a sight ? " Wholesome
discipline" was at a discount at that moment of supreme ridicu-
lousness ; and teacher, pupils and visitor all gave way together,
and laughed in concert till they got tired, and quit because they
could laugh no longer.''

At another time, the same " school visitor " " cut a shine "
in that (or some neighboring) school, which fun-loving teachers
will wonder at when they read : The school was in session ; all
were at their "books," and studying "for keeps." One young
man was sitting, face to the wall, engaged in writing, as he sat
in front of one of those old slab or puncheon writing-desks, fast-
ened against the side of the house.

All at once, in popped "that same old coon" with a meal-
sack slung around his neck. Paying no special heed to what
was going on in the room, he strode straight across the floor to
this young man aforesaid ; and, before any one had the slightest
idea of his intention, the old sack was slapped violently round
the young man's face, the other exclaiming, " Tend to your
books, you or-na-ry cuas." Teachers generally say they like to
have visitors : doubtless this teacher had often said the same.
But probably thereafter his desire for visitors contained at least
one mental reservation.

Mr. Cadwallader's school was liked, perhaps all the better
for his attempted "new departures" and original methods. At

HISTORY OP RANDOLPH COUNTY.

107

any rate, he was engaged again for the winter school, with an
enormous increase of wages from ^7 to §9 per month — a growth
of well-nigh 30 per cent, and an increase worthy of especial
notice and remembrance; conclusively showing that the employers
in that backwoods school-district thoroughly understood the
appropriate method and means of renderin-; suitable encourage-
ment to corresponding merits ; and that they put their knowledge
earnestly into practice, much to the satisfaction of the worthy
subject of the present sketch.

"That winter furnished some interesting experience. The
big boys took me at Christmas, and ducked me through a hole in
the ice up to my chin, till I would agree to " treat," which I
finally did. They let me out, and I sent for some apples, for the
" treat." The sequel came near being tragic, for the apple boys
stayed so long that the others thought I was "shamming," and
had sent for no apples ; and, so they caught me, and went to duck
me again. Luckily, the boys came just at the nick of time, and
I was let go, and we had a gay " treat." Thus went school life
(not very) long ago, when I was young and in my teens."

During Mr. C.'s term as Senator, an event occurred, so curious
and vexatious, and so apt an illustration of the evils of hasty
legislation, and, moreover, of the importance of careful and
exact expression, that we cannot forbear to state it somewhat in
detail. He had resolved that Indiana should have, like her sis-
ter States, a law regulating the movements of railroad trains, a
thing, in fact, greatly necessary. So, he drew up a bill, mostly
like the Ohio law ; presented it to the Senate, and it was " tee-
totally " passed in fifteen minutes ; in fact, before he sat down.
It was read, once, twice, ordered to be considered engrossed,
read the third time, and finally passed, all in the same transac-
tion. Not an objection was raised, not a word was changed ; it
went through "clean." It passed the other House much in the
same way, and nothing more was thought of it. On the day in
which the law was to go into effect, the whole State of Indiana
was "waked up" by the unearthly screeching of every engine-
whistle on every railroad of the State. Especially were the ears
of our Senator, whose residence is close to the railroad depot in
Union City, greeted with whistling fit to "wake the dead."
When the railroad men were asked, " what does this mean ? "
they replied, " Senator Cadwallader's whistle-bill requires it."

Mr. C. resolutely denied the allegation, but on examining the
"Record," there it stood in black and white — " Every engineer
shall, within eighty rods of any crossing of any street or public
highway, sound the whistle continuously until he has passed said
crossing." Cities were allowed to regulate the matter as they
chose ; but as no town had done so, the law was binding in town
and country alike. Here was a racket indeed. Mr. C. was non-
plussed ; but knowing the bill was not so when he had it pass the
Senate, he got hold of the copy thereof, and found this curious
fact, to wit : The section, as he wrote it, stood thus : * * " shall
sound the whistle and ring the bell continuously until, etc., i. e.,
sound the whistle once, at first, and then keep on ringing the
bell, etc. Somebody had drawn a pencil mark across the words
"and ring the boll," making the clause road, "shall sound the
whistle continuously," and thus it stands on the " Record." Who
made the alteration, Mr. C. has never been able to find out. But
it shows very stri'viug'y how important it is to have the words of
a law just exactly right, and how great a change a slight al-
teration will make. The bill, as it was presented, commanded
(though the idea is not very clearly expressed), a proper and
need Tul thing. As it stands on the Record, the thing required
would be an intolerable nuisance.

Probslly no man was ever greeted with such a howl of indig-
nation as uom every corner cf the State met the astounded ears
of the Senator from Rcu^.elph. Examination, however, soon
quieted the clamor, and showed his intention and his action to
nave bei.a proper, and that he was simply tho victim of a strange
and, thus far, unexplained mistake (or, possibly, of a trick on the
part of some truckler to the favor of railroad corporations).

Mr. C. has had the satisfaction of witnessing the Indiana
Legislature pass the " Railroad Whistle Bill" in an amended form,
i. e., in the shape that he put it through the Senate originally,
and of having the Senate pass, unanimously, a Resolution that the
"blunder" of the previous "act" was in no way chargeable to him.
One would have supposed that Gov. Williams would have
seen the absurdity of the bill in the form in which it seems to
have come into his hands, but it appears he did not ; and "Gover-
nors" are not always " sharp" in the matter of language, any
more than other people, as the Hoosier State, in common with
others, has had occasion to discover.

I should not do justice to my feelings were I to omit to state
that Mr. C. is himself an eminent specimen of an honorable and
high-minded citizen. Though economical, he is not penurious;
though desirous to make money, he is not oppressive to the poor
and unfortunate ; though not, in name, a professor of religion,
yet in heart he delights in all things good and lovely, and^aasiatj
liberally in building up every worthy enterprise. He is a hearty
and earnest friend of the temperance reform, and an active and
uncompromising Republican. He possesses the unqualified re-
spect of all his fellow-citizens, and is an honor to the town in
which he resides, and to the county which, for well-nigh fifty
years, has claimed him for her own. Although highly honored,
thus far, by his fellow-citizens, the State will never know^what
she has lost by neglecting to advance him to the post of State
School Superintendent, for a genius so decidedly fresh and vig-
orous when in the inexperience of untutored youth, as shown by
his original inventive powers, in the way of penalties for violation
of school law, would infallibly have wrought out radical and thor-
ough reformation in all school appliances and methods, so that
lads and lasses both in the near and the remote future would have
revered and blessed his name as the ceaseless ages roll.

WILLIAM TAYLOR.

" William McKira laid out Spartansburg. William Dukes
lived in the house where Taylor now lives. Elias Godfrey and
Thomas Hart kept a grocery in the house now occupied by John
H. Taylor. Mr. Fires built the house where John Wiggs now
lives, and sold it to Stephen Barnes, who completed it, and occu-
pied it till he died. In the war of 1812, many men went from
our region to Norfolk or Portsmouth. We lived 200 miles from
Norfolk. People used to drive their hogs thither to market.
The country where we lived was level and sandy. The upper
counties were broken, and the soil was good for wheat and
tobacco. We lived east of Raleigh forty miles. We could hear
the cannon roar at Raleigh on the Fourth of July. We were six
weeks and two days on the road coming West. My oldest son
and myself walked nearly all the way. We camped out every
night but one. Jesse Jordan had come to Indiana, and stayed
three or four years, and returned to Carolina for some money
that was due him, and he came back to Indiana with us. We
were well and enjoyed the trip first rate. We had two one-horse
carts to haul our luggage in. We had a tent, and would throw
our beds down on the leaves. We slept one night at the foot of
the Blue Ridge. We started the last Sunday of April, and
arrived at Arba June 8, 1836. We came the mail stage
route a long way, then through Powell Valley, Cumberland Gap,
etc. We crossed the Blue Ridge at Good Spur and Poplar
Camp, and carae through Crab Orchard, etc. We traveled
nearly a week on the Blue Ridge. We could see houses on
points of hills and away down in valleys where we could not
guess how anybody could ever get to them. One place called
Dry Ridge had no water for a long distance. We crossed the
Ohio at Cincinnati, which seemed to me to be quite a large town,
the largest I had ever seen. We did not stop long there, but
drove through, and camped for the night. As we came through
Raleigh, they were building the new State House. Jesse Jordan
had $1,500 in North Carolina currency that he had to exchange
because it would not pass in Indiana. He got United States

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

bank notes, the only bills that would pass. I had ray money in
gold. I paid for my land in half-eagles — seventy half-en -les. I
had in North Carolina 125 acres. I went back to Carolina once
and stayed six weeks. Jesse Jordan's widow also went back
a short time ago. She said tho people seemed to be doing
very well."

BRANSON ANDERSON, 1833.

" Settlers when we came, in 1833, were Jacob Chenoweth, in
Ohio; Hezekiah Locke, on the Bailey place; Mason Freeman,
on the Marquis place. John Foster came on the Griffis place a
year or so after we came. [This is not the Joshua Foster who
was in that vicinity many years before.] Mr. Farms had just
put up a cabin on the James Ruby place ; had not moved into it
yet. Smith Masterson lived on the Downing place, north of
Dismal. James Griffis lived on the Williamson farm, and moved
not long afterward to the Griffis place, on the Greenville State
road."

ELISHA MARTIN.

" In June, 1832, in a race, molding brick with Silas Connell,
I molded, from sun to sun, 25,148 brick, and he, 23,365. I
was about twenty years old. My father-in-law scolded me ; told
me I should not have tried it, and that I could not stand it. He
stood by me and kept me from working full speed, till 2 P. M.,
when he told me to "go it." Silas led me all the forenoon. A
great crowd were looking on, and they bet two to one on Con-
nell. By and by, the tide turned, and the bets became five to
one for me, and I beat. People after that offered to bring men
to beat me, but they never did. I had a man on his yard and
he on mine. They set their watches just alike, and we begun
to a second. Wo worked till dinner. I had my dinner brought
to the yard ; took a few bites and went to molding again. Men
said I molded forty-eight brick the last minute. They carried
me to the house, washed me in whisky, and would not fet me lie
down till near morning. I went to work the third day after.
The bet was only $10 on a side. Isrura Engle, of Union City,
and Ezekiel Clough, of Jackson Township, lived at Cincinnati at
the time, and know that I did what I claim to have done."

Mr. Martin was a brick molder, and has been for many years.
He owns a good farm south of Winchester.

THOMAS SHALER. [bY JOSEPH C. HAWKINS.]

" I had to go to mill at Ridgeville, from near Antioch, Jay
County, Ind., generally on horseback. I had to do the milling, while
the older boys carried the mail from Winchester to Ft. Wayne.
Thomas Shaler, who used to live near, but had moved to near
Camden, came to mother's on his way to mill with a wagon and
oxen. He persuaded her to have rac go with him and get fifteen
bushels of corn, and said he would bring home the meal for her;
so she sent me. Brother Ben had raised the corn at Joab Ward's,
and I shelled it; got a horse there and took it to mill, and had
the meal all ready. But Shaler had been getting drunk and
fooling round, and he stayed three days. I determined to walk
home and bring a horse and get ray grist that way. But at last
he got ready and started. (Sec Arthur McKew's Reminiscences.)
He left my raeal at William Welch's, and I took the grist home
from there (John Adair's place south of Liber). Shaler was away
about nine days, and his wife and family were at home
starving. He was a drunken, shiftless fellow, boasting of being
half-Indian. His wife was an excellent woman, with four chil-
dren; all girls. She was there in the woods, ten miles from any
settler. Their cabin had no fire-place, floor, nor chimney, no
daubing nor chinking, and the snow was eight inches deep;
everything was frozen up, and they had nothing to eat. She had
burned some coal in one corner of the shanty, had made a sled,
and was intending to take an ox, the sled, her four children, and
a kettle with coals in it to keep the children from freezing to
death, and to start for Mrs. Hawkins' cabin fifteen railes off, the
nearest settler she knew. But her husband and young McKew

got to the cabin that night about midnight, with the provisions.
Shaler and McKew cut the ice and crossed the Big Salamonie,
near Judge Winters', but there was a stream called Big Branch,
up which the water had set back from the Big Salamonie, over a
wide space. The water had suddenly frozen, and then had sunk
away, leaving the ice, and they could not get the oxen across in
the night."

[Note. — This Tom Shaler was the same that James Porter
found •' squatted " on the land that Porter entered afterward,
northwest part of Jackson Township, Randolph County. Shaler
moved from there near to Liber, and soon after that to near
Camden. This incident took place about 1833. Joseph Hawkins'
father moved to Jay County in 1829. He died in 1833, and
they were " roughing " it up there in the Jay County woods,
a poor widow with a large family.]

JACOB JOHNSON, 1833.

" The first resident of Jackson Township is supposed to have
been Philip Storms. He " squatted " on a piece of land east of
my farm ; but a Mr. Fager entered the land from under him,
and he then moved to Mississinewa crossing and remained there
several years. It is also said that another person entered Mr.
Storms' land there ; that he was very angry and threatened to shoot
the intruder, but that they finally settled the matter amicably and
that he moved elsewhere. He was living in the region in 1830,
how much later is not now known, and if he had lived elsewhere
in the township several years, he was certainly the first comer. Mr.
Jacobs is- thought by some to have been the first permanent settler
in the township, but these things are " mighty hard to find out."
Ishmael Bunch was a very early pioneer also.

" I (Johnson) lived in e rail-pen from May 3 to June 22. Our
family were myself and wife and nine children, and we were as
happy as need be. We made the floor of the rail-pen of bark,
and renewed it twice. When the water would splash up through
the bark, I would put in a new floor of the same sort.

The State road to Portland was laid out about 1838, only
forty feet wide !

The first Justice in Jackson Township was James Wicker-
sham.

The first couple married were David Vance and Sally Smith
by Esq. Wickersham.

The first mill was erected by Jones, on Lowe's Branch, one
and a half miles above me.

I built a horse-mill, then a water-mill, and afterward a saw-
mill.

The grist-mill was run twenty years and the saw-mill ten
years, but they are all rotted down now.

The graveyard on my place was begun about 1840.

The Indians were all gone but one, "Old Duck." He
hunted and trapped and took his skins and furs to' Greenville.
He used to stay with Jacobs, at Harshman's, and with Andrew
Debolt."

Note. — This " Duck " is spoken of in Jay County History
as being familiar with the early settlers of that county. He
seems to have been a clever, civil, honest Indian. At one time
he Wiis at a church trial, and when the witness began to testify
" crosswise," he rose to leave, saying, " Me go; no much good"
here, too much lie."

The author of Jay County History says (in substance) :

All early settlers are familiar with the name of the old In-
dian, Doctor Duck, who remained in the county a long time after
his tribe had moved to Kansas. He showed much skill in the
treatment of diseases. * * * He was religious and often ap-
peared to be praying to the Great Spirit. He attended meeting
for preaching at Deerfield and the church trial afterward, which
he left as stated above. He tried to cure John J. Hawking,
a pioneer of Jay County, but did not succeed, though he
lived with Mr. H. six months. About two weeks after Mr. H.
died (March 15, 1832), the Indian visited his grave and spent

HISTORY OE RANDOLPH COUNTY.

nearly half a day there alone, apparently preaching and perform-
ing wild ceremonies."

Settlers (that Mr. Johnson remembers) when he came were :
Daniel B. Miller, Ward Township ; Jacob Harshraan, two miles
west of Johnson's ; Abram Harshraan, same neighborhood ; Reu-
ben Harshman, same neighborhood (died lately in Union City,
Ohio) ; Andrew Debolt, Mount Holly, dead ; James Reeves,
near Castle P. 0., dead ; Amos Smith, near New Lisbon, gone
long ago ; Samuel Skinner, near New Lisbon, gone long ago ;
John Skinner, near New Lisbon, gone long ago ; James Willson,
James Wickersham, etc.

John Johnson, his brother, came when he did, dying a year
or so ago, aged eighty-eight years.

William Warren, James Warren, James Simmons, came soon
after Mr. Johnson.

James Porter was living near New Pittsburg, and others had
settled near Allensville, on the Mississinewa River.

ANDREW AKER.

" My trade as a merchant was extensive and various. I used
to buy every commodity that was salable at that day. I bought
produce of all kinds and shipped it on flat-boats down the Mis-
sissinewa, sending sometimes two or three boats at once, loaded
with flour, bacon, apples, etc. We went to Logansport, Lafay-
ette, etc., selling mostly, though not entirely, to Indian traders.
Sales would be made on credit, and then we would go down at
the time of the Indian payments, which were made once a year,
generally in August or September, and get the money for the
goods sold to them. The last time I went we had three boat loads.
The boats were made by Joab Ward, who kept a boat-yard near
what is now Ridgeville. He would make a boat all complete for
an amount varying from $25 to $30, which would carry about
one hundred barrels of flour.

" I lost my sight about 1836, and sold goods till 1838.
I worked twenty-five years at pump-making. I had worked at
it when young, and, trying it again after blindness came on, I
found that I could do the work with success, and resumed the
business. I have made and sold great numbers of pumps, work-
ing all through the country, making forty at one time at Re-
covery.

" Thomas Hanna kept a store at Winchester when I came
there. Esq. Odle had owned a store before that ; Hanna's store
was quite an extensive establishment for those days.

Paul W. Way set up a dry goods store afterwards, and Will-
iam and Jesse Way began also. Michael Aker bought out my
stock and followed me in the business, though he did not continue
long.

The court house was up and covered when I came to Win-
chester; David Wysong furnished the brick, and the lime was
obtained at New Paris, or at Middleboro ; lime was not burned
in this county till afterwards.

Joseph Hanchy had made puinps, hauling his tools with an
ox team, and making them from farm to farm. He is the same
man who planted nurseries in various places through the coun-
try.

"Soon after I came here I bought 108 acres of John B.
Wright and 100 acres of Charles Conway. I bought the Daniel
Petty land east of town, of Oliver Walker, as also a lot in every
square in town. I traded the lot in tlie north front with a build-
ing on it for the farm I now live on (108 acres).

I traded 180 acres with a good house and barn and orchard
and 50 acres cleared for 400 acres, and sold that in four or five
years to Joshua Bond for $1,100.

" Ernestus Strohm began a cabinet shop, and I was in partner-
ship with him for awhile. We made a sideboard worth $175
about 1838, the first costly piece of furniture made in the county.
It is a splendid article — large, square, rather low, with a large
framed glass at the middle of the top. I have it yet in a good
Stat© of preservation ; in fact, almost as nice and good as new.

It was the first thing that was made in that shop, and it was
made to show what kind of work the shop could furnish.

" Some amusing things would take place in those primitive
times. Some such incidents occurred in my own experience.

Curtis Voris and a half-brother of his had moved out here
from Greenville. He had some money to spare and he asked,
" Who would be safe ? " The person told him, " Andrew Aker."
So he came to me : "What percent?" "Six." "How long
time?" " A year." "All right," said he, "and I will trade
out the interest." "Better yet," said I, "I will' take your
money. How much can you spare?" "Two dollars and a
half," was the rejoinder. That I was astonished is simply the
truth. However, I took his money, the whole of it, and he kept
his bargain by trading out the interest, all of it.

"A man from out North was trading one day, and having
made a bill of (perhaps) $2, offered in payment a $5 bill. It
was a base counterfeit, and I told him so. " Why," said he, "it
is good; I got it from Hell." "Take it back there, then, it
will not pass here." He meant a man with that name.

" One day. Old Samuel Emery, from the Mississinewa (who
died only a short time ago), came in with a roll of deer-skins.
He was truly a rough-looking customer. His pants were buck-
skin and ripped up nearly to the knee. He wore a straw hat,
with the rim half torn off; his shoes were ragged and tied up
with hickory bark ; and altogether he was as forlorn as one often
sees. He wished to " trade out " his roll of buckskins. He got
several articles, I reckoned up the account and the trade was
nearly .even. He then said, " I wish to get a few more things,
powder and lead and some flints, and I would like to get trusted."
I spoke to Charlie Conway at the back end of the stove. " 0,"
said he, " Sam Emery is all right, he is one of the substantial
citizens out on the Mississinewa." He got his powder and
things on credit and paid for them promptly according to agree-
ment. After that time he did a large amount of trading at my
store, always dealing fairly, like the honorable man that he was.
But when I first set eyes on him as he entered the store with his
roll of buckskins on his shoulder, he was a strange-looking cus-
tomer indeed !

" The same man who loaned me the $2.50 also bought a cow of
me for $8. He agreed to pay me for the creature in two or three_
months. He paid me, though it took a much longer time than
that. He made the payment in small sums, sometimes as low as
12J cents, and never more than 37| cents at any one time. But
he paid me fully after a while.

Shortly after I came to Winchester I built a brick house,
getting the brick of David Wysong at $2.50 per thousand deliv-
ered. Mr. Wysong died only two or three years ago, about
eighty years old.

The pump business is carried yn at present by my sons-in-
law, Knecht and Thomas. They do not make now, but buy and
sell, purchasing sometimes as high as 4,000 pamps at one time."

MRS. JESSIE ADDINGTON, 1834.

"Joab Ward and Meshach Lewallyn lived near Ridgeville.
There were no houses from here to Winchester. Thomas Add-
ington (not Rev. Thomas) occupied a cabin near where George
Addington now lives. William Addington had come on in Marcli,
and had settled one mile north. There were no settlers east or
west that I know of.

Benjamin Lewallyn and a Mr. Jones, as also James Addington
(uncle to Jesse), had settled on the Mississinewa, below Ridgeville.
That town was not begun till long afterward. People used to
bring flour, bacon, apples, potatoes, apple-butter, etc., to Ridge-
ville to Ward's, and buy of him a flat-boat to send them down
the river to market. Mr. Addington has bought of Mr. Ward
apples supposed to be spoiled for trade by being frozen. We had
to go to White River or Mississinewa to get help in raisings or
log-rollings.

"Thomas Addington (cousin of Jesse, son-in-law of Joseph

HISTORY OF RANUOLPIl COUNTY.

Addington, on Sparrow Creek) had moved out here just before,
had built him a cabin and his family (and we. too) moved in with-
out chimney or floor. We stayed there, cooking outdoors, for a
month, till ours was built. We moved in as soon as our cabin
was covered, having nothing but log walls and a clapboard roof.
We cooked by a log-heap fire for several weeks, till a chimney
was built, some time in August.

" Religious meetings used to be held in private dwellings
around the settlement by the Methodists. There was no school for
several years. There were several other Addingtons, father and
uncles of Jesse Addington."

" The county was new. Very few settlers were here in 1834.
James Griffis lived on the Williamson place; Smith Masterson
lived west about a mile ; William Kennon lived on State road,
near Bartonia (fatlier of Thomas S. Kennon); John Dixon lived
one and a half miles northwest of me ; Green resided on the State
road. Kennon and Griffis had been here two years. Masterson
came the same year but earlier than I did.

There were no roads, only " blazes." There were paths,
tracks and "blazes." Hill Grove and Spartansburg both were
towns, but few houses in either.

For milling, we had to go to Richmond or Stillwater. There
was a mill at McClure's, which is standing yet. In dry times, the
water would fail. We had to go to Piqua, or Trey, or Dayton, for
salt. Andrew Kennedy (Congressman) once said that the time
would come when a bushel of wheat would bring a barrel of salt.
No one believed him, but the dny has come.

I once tried to go to the first house in Union City (there was
only one) to appraise some property there (Star House). I struck
the railroad track and went on east. Coming to a house, I in-
quired, " How far east to Union City?" " Half a mile west,"
was the repJy.

We had to cut up corn and haul it to the barnyard to keep
the squirrels from taking it in the field.

There were no mills near, not even a corn-cracker. Cole's
mill and Dean's mill (Ohio) were there. There had been one at
Sharp Eye. A dam had been built, but the people thought it
made them sick, and it had to be taken down. When I first
came I moved into a cabin near by.

I came in March, 1834, and cleared seven acres and put it in
corn that spring. I cut, rolled and burnt what I could, and the
rest I killed by piling and burning the brush around them. I
hired 2,000 rails made and fenced the land.

I have never bought in all, during forty-six years, ten bushels
of corn. Two grists of corn and three bushels' of wheat is all I
have bought in that time.

I moved with three wagons, and afterward brought another
load of bees, grain, etc. I had wheat in Darke County, and
after harvest I hauled the wheat home.

I worked for one man (Mr. Teegarden) in Darke County one
year, at $7 per month (some of the time at 31 cents a day). I
have worked many a day at 31 cents a day. I never hunted or
fished much. They must bite quick or show themselves, or I was
o-p-h. I have killed only two deer. One night, fishing in a
" riffle," in the " Dismal," we caught a basketful of suckers with
our hands, many of them a foot long. One year, the creek froze
and then raised above the ice with great numbers of fish, and the
water froze again and fastened the fish between the ice in great
quantities. We could have caught lots of them, but we thought
freezing the fish spoiled tiiem.

I found a steel-trap in Darke County, and sold it to an Indian
for six coon-skins to be brought at such a time. The time came,
but no coon-skins, and I thought " Good-bye steel-trap, good-bye
coon-skins," but he came and brought them afterward, and said,
smiling, "Too good sugar-making — couldn't come." Sugar-
trees were plenty. We made all the sugar we needed, and some

The first school in the neighborhood was, say, in 1838. The
first meeting-house was at South Salem.

I used to be a Presbyterian, but have joined the Protestant
Methodists."

The following is a list of old men residing in Wayne Township -
(age, 1880): John Hartman, 7G ; Jacob Baker, 70; Joel Elwell,
75; William A. Macy, 71 ; Ezra Coddington, 73 ; Francis Frazier,
79; Robert Murphy, 75. Isaac Clifton, 73; George Huffnogle,
80 ; William Pickett, 79.

Mr. Murphy is growing old and somewhat feeble and de-
crepit, but no more so than might be expected at his age.

PETER HOOVER (1835).

Settlers when Mr. Hoover came: Robert Murphy; John
Dixon came the fall before and bought out Mr. Kennon ; James
Griffis, William Kennon, Smith Masterson.

" People were sociable then. Men would go seven or eight
miles to a raising or a log-rolling — to Sheets', north, or to Griffis'
or Camahan's, south, or even farther. People worked then.
They did not oat and sit around. Twenty to thirty men were a
large crowd. The first election (for Jackson and Wayne Town-
ships together) was held at Peyton's west of Union City, in, say
1836, and only seven votes were polled. The rest went to other
polls to vote. A person could vote anywhere in the county then.

Mrs. Teeter came early ; her husband had died in Pennsyl-
vania. She raised a large family and died about 90 years

p. FIEI,DS (1833).

"Settlers when I came — some of them were Burkett Pierce, west
of Deerfield, very old and living still ; George Ritenour, across
the river, near Pierce's, an early settler, but is now dead ; Will-
iam Odle, Curtis Butler, living along the river below town, moved
away long, long ago.

There were none above (east of) town till a mile above me.
Samuel Emery lived a mile up the river. He became very old
and died a year or so since.

Mr. Bragg came the fall before I did, in 1832 ; he is dead.

Allen Wall was on the north side of the river, opposite
Bragg's ; he, too, is dead.

James Mayo, north of the river, also dead.

Aquila Loveall lived near Mayo's; he is not living.

Daniel B. Miller, up..the river on the south side ; he is quite
old and resides at Winchester, having his third wife (he is now
dead).

Robert Parsons lived a mile below Deerfield. He owned a
corn-cracker; he is dead. Deerfield had not "started" yet.
One shanty stood there, but no town had been begun. A school
shanty was standing one and a half miles above, on Congress
land, on the north of Deerfield and Union City road.

There was one also near the> Id (Chapel) meeting-house west
of Deerfield.

The Chapel Meeting-House was built about 1835, and is the
oldest one in the region.

Prospect Meeting-House was not built till several years
after I came, perhaps about 1840. The cemetery at the Chapel
is the oldest one in this part of the country.

When Lewallyn came to settle near Ridgeville, they unloaded
their goods into the brush. Some stayed and went to building
a " camp," and the others went back to get the rest of the " plun-
der."

Lewallyn's daughter married one Mr. Renberger, who used to
live near Ridgeville, and she may perhaps be living nbw.

I came from Hawkins County, Tenn., sixty-four miles up
Holston River from Knoxville. I sold 100 acres of land there
for $100. We came here with one four-horse wagon and a car-
riage.

Lancelot Fields, my brother, had moved to this county before
me, and had settled near New Pittsburg, not far from James Por-
ter'';. He had returned to Tennessee on business, and, when he

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

came back to Indiana, wo came along, too. There were thirteen
in the company.

Deerfield & Union City road had been laid and " blazed,"
but it was not yet opened through. I helped open it to Middle-
town.

One Indian, called "Old Duck," lived in Allen Wall's
yard, in a litLle shanty.

Cabins were made with " knees " and weight-poles and latch-
strings.

The people were social and friendly. We used to go six or
eight miles to raisings and log-rollings, and to Richmond to
mill.

Deer were plenty, though I did not care for hunting. I
never killed but one deer in ray life.

But venison was very easily gotten. There were plenty of
hunters who were only too glad to shoot for us all the deer we
wanted. George Porter and his boys were hunters, and had no
land. Zack Key, brother of Andrew Key, lived near us, and if
we wished any venison, all we had to do was to speak to him,
and he would shoulder his rifle and bring one down in a hurry.
He would hang it up and tell me where to find it, and I would
go out and bring the carcass in. The hunters cared nothing for
the flesh. All they wanted was the skins, which would sell for
from 25 to 50 cents.

Once I was hunting my horse.i. They had wandered far, and
in looking for them, I came to Ephraim Bowen's. It was per-
haps in 1836, not long after I came to the county. The settlers
were far more numerous in that part of the county, but farther
north it was wild enough. Mr. Bowen and his folks were very
kind and hospitable. They could not tell me where to find my
horses, but they did another thing which was first-rate for a tired
and hungry man. They would not take ' no ' for an answer, but
insisted that I should stop and take dinner with them, which I
did, and went on my wandering way much refreshed.

Horses had a wide range then, when running out, and some-
times gave immense trouble to their owners in hunting them."

JOHN R. WAKREN.

"Settlers when I came were Daniel B. Miller, on the Miller
place ; Samuel Helms, two miles north of Saratoga ; Andrew
Key, three miles north of Saratoga ; William Pogue (father of
Robert Pogue, Union City), near Andrew Key ; John T. Evans,
west of Saratoga ; Edward Evans, west of Saratoga ; Abrara
Harshman, east of Saratoga; Alexander, near llarshman's;
William Bragg, below Andrew Key; Daniel Mock, west of
Saratoga; Georgii W. Barber, one mile west of Saratoga; Will-
iam Simmons, on Mississinewa River; Samuel Sipe, near Perry
Fields; John Sipe, came shortly after I did.

The first school after I came was near Daniel B. Miller's,
about 1840.

The first meeting-house was the one at Prospect, 1840.

The first grist-mill was west of Deerfield.

The first smith shop was kept by Jo Locke, north of Sara-
toga.

There was but one house in Deerfield.

A man told me I would not know when I got there."

EDWARD EDOEIl, DEERFIELD.

"When I came to Deerfield, just three families resided there,
viz.: Henry Taylor, Henry Sweet and Jonathan Thomas.
Henry Sweet was a blacksmith. Henry Taylor had a few gro-
ceries in a log cabin there. He also sold some whisky, and pro-
fessed, besides that, to keep a hotel, too.

Curtis Butler had been doing business there, and had been
Acting Postmaster at that place. Deerfield was by no means an
unimportant place, in fact, small though it was, and deep buried in
the thick forests of the Mississinewa. Although that valley had
been settled more than twenty years, yet along its whole course.

that little Deerfield was its only town, and its only post office,
and the only one, it may also be said, between Winchester and
Fort Wayne.

But Mr. Butler had moved to Marion, and left the post office
in the hands of William Odle. The amount of business may be
judged of when it is stated that the salary of the office was $1.75
per quarter. It rose afterward to $40 per quarter. I was ap-
pointed Postmaster soon after my removal to Deerfield. Short-
ly after that, and for two or three years, an immense business
was done in Randolph and Jay Counties in the entry of land, es-
pecially in Jay County, and vast sums of (silver) money were
sent by John Connor, the mail carrier, to Fort Wayne.

He used to have two horses — one for the mail and one for the
money sack. He would have, sometimes, as much money (silver)
as two of us could well throw upon the horse's back. He would
lead the horses and walk, sometimes.

People would "look land" and leave the money with me,
and I would send it by Mr. Connor.

He has taken thus as high as $6,000 or $7,000 at one trip.
We used to hide it in a bole in the ground, beneath the puncheon
floor, under the bed.

We handled in that way, in all, many thousand dollars. I
would receipt for the money, and take Connor's receipt, and ho
would pay it at Fort Wayne and obtain the patents, and bring
them to me, and I would deliver them to the parties concerned,
and they would pay at the rate of $1 for eighty acres.

Though Mr. Connor was poor, he was faithful and honest,
and, during my whole course of business with him, for nearly
twenty years, I never suff'ered a cent of loss.

He carried the mail for some twenty-eight years, up to about
1861. His appointment began about 1835."

" The mail routes were as follows: Richmond to Fort Wayne,
via Winchester; Greenville west to Winchester.

There were perhaps others. The mails were carried once a
week from Winchester to Fort Wayne and back. Connor had
to lie out in the woods one night on his trip going to and coming
from Fort Wayne. The operation would not be considered very
safe now, especially with hundreds and sometimes thousands of
dollars in conveyance, but Johnnie Connor was never molested.

Between Winchester and Deerfield was a dense forest and
much swamp.

There were only two settlors between Elias Kizer's (one mik
north of Winchester) and Deerfield, viz.: Samuel Cain and John
Kinnear. Mr. Cain's was two miles, and Mr. Kinnear's throi
and a half miles, south of Deerfield.

A large part of the land on both sides of the road northward
from Winchester to Deerfield was held by James G. Birney, a
non-resident, and the country remained unsettled for many years.

Deerfield became an important trading point, and it was fo
years a lively place.

David Conner, the Indian trader, left his post east of Deer-
field some years before I came, though I think not very long.

" I traded with the Indians for furs, as also in succeeding years
in cattle, hogs, etc. I traveled extensively, to Green Bay and
the northwest for furs, etc., and in general trading, visiting every
northern State and the South also.

The trade at Deerfield at one time extended over Jay 4ind
Blackford Counties, and even much farther than that. I have
sold as high as $15,000 in a single vear, and have taken in as
much as $700 in one day. One day"l bought 160 saddle hams
that had been killed the day before. There had fallen a snow
several inches deep, a tracking snow, so called, because the hunter
could track the deer in it.

George Shaneyvelt, of Jay County, killed nine deer in one
day.

The furs were coon, mink, muskrat, wild cat, catamount, etc.

Wolves and bears and wild cats were common, and deer were
very plenty.

Deer-skins were of difi'erenfc prices, from 50 cents to $1.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH OOUNTY.

" Short-blues " were $1, i. e., deer killed in the fall whose hair
was short and whose skins had a bluish cast.

In early times great quantities of tree-sugar and molasses, and
of venison hams used to be wagoned to Cincinnati ; and salt and
iron kettles, etc., would be hauled back. I sold four tons of
sugar kettles in one winter. The cost of hauling was great. At
one time a quantity of salt that was worth $18 in Cincinnati, cost
$20 to get it hauled from there to Deerfield.

Four-horse teams would take two or three days to get from
Winchester to Deerfield.

Teamsters would cut out a road and then throw brush across
to hide it so that nobody else would see the track, that the ones
who made the opening might have the use of it for several trips.

" I had the first cook-stovo in the county. It was brought from
Cincinnati. That and another cost $100 in silver at 10 per cent
premium, equal to $110 in currency. The other one was sold to
Mrs. Kinnear, south of Deerfield.

" Considerable flat-boating down the Mississinewa was done
after I came to Randolph.

At one time the task was undertaken to take several loads of
coal down the river.

A German named Keizer, who was poor, wished me to advance
goods to him and take the coal for security. I would not, but
Mr. Searl let him have the goods and took Frederick Miller as
security. The coal was burned, the boats were built and caulked
with tow, and the coal was loaded upon the boats, as also the
goods which Mr. Searl furnished to Keizer upon Miller's security.

I had about two wagon loads of furs which I put upon one of
the boats, and I steered the boat on the trip down the river.

Mr. Holly steered another of the boats.

We came' to Mr. McKinney's dam below Fairview, and Hol-
ly's boat got fast on a bar.

Mr. McKinney came out with his rifle and threatened to
shoot if we attempted to jump his dam. We did attempt it, how-
ever, and he did not shoot.

But the boats could not cross the dam, and the merchandise
was a total loss, except my furs, which I sent back by wagon to
Deerfield. Mr. Searl lost about $2,000, which came near break-
ing him up. These boats were loaded at Ritenour's mill below
Deerfield, a point at which many boats received their cargo.

At another time Joseph Ilinchy and I took a boat load of
flour and salt, etc., down the river. He and I built the boat, and
we loaded it at Ritenour's mill. I steered the boat, and we
jumped four or five dams. One of them was Connor's, which
wa-s only a brush dam, and not hard to pass.

When we got to the " Feeder dam " for the canal, they asked
$10 to go through, and it would have taken all day to clear out
the logs. so as to permit the boat to pass. I offered $1.00 for a
man to come on the boat with me and help me jump the dam. A
man accepted the offer ; we performed the feat and got the boat
over safe. The boat was taken to Logansport, and the cargo
was sold mostly to the Indians. This was done in 1839.

This Joseph Hinchy was a very eccentric man. He owned
land in many places, and set out orchards far and near, planting
and grafting the trees; and some of his old orchards arc standing
yet. He set out trees at Joab Ward's, at Wheeling, at Marion
and many other places. He was a pump-maker also. [Mr. Aker
says he hauled his tools for pump making on a sled with oxen.
He wore only buckskin clothes.]

He used to have plenty of money, and would lend it to almost
anybody that wanted it.

" Deerfield was for years a place of large business. At first
the trade was to and from Cincinnati by wagon, afterward to the
canal at Piqua. We used to trade largely in swine. T once
drove a herd of hogs from Kentucky to South Carolina, begin-
ning to sell them in North Carolina, and so onward till they were
all disposed of.

Once in driving swine from Deerfield with 2,000 in the drove,
there came a terrible freshet (about Nev,- Year's). We swam

Greenville Creek twice. The hogs swam the creek. We lost
none, but some we had to pull out by the ears. The trip to Cin-
cinnati took twenty-one days. There were about ten hands with
the drove. I got for the hogs $6 net. Pork, however, was very
variable, and sometimes fell very low, and many have been bank-
rupted thereby.

" I once traveled six weeks in Kansas, sleeping in a wagon the
whole time. My companion most of the time was an Indian, who
was a trusty, faithful man.

When a young man, I traveled through the South, working at
my trade ; as also I was pilot on a steamboat from New Orleans
to Louisville, spending five or six years in these ways. During
these trips I passed through parts of North Carolina, South Car-
olina, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas.
When a boy sixteen years old, I went as an apprentice with my
master, Benedict Thomas, to Texas, from Georgetown, Ky., with
a flat-boat load of furniture and saddles and bridles and dry goods.
We took them on a flat-boat to the mouth of the river, on a keel-
boat to Natchitoches, and thence by wagon IGO miles to the old
Spanish fort.betweenthetwo Trinity's (rivers). He traded his goods
for mules and horses and for Spanish hides. He stayed in Texas,
and sent me to New Orleans to exchange the animals and hides
for mahogany, coffee, molasses and sugar, which I did and re-
tured home on foot. Another man came with me. We bought
knapsacks and started, being twenty days on the road, and sleep-
ing in the w lods or with the Indians. One place was 140 miles
(from French Camps to Fort Columbia on the Torabigbee) ; thenco
we came to Tuscumbia, and so, on home. We got provisions of
the Indians — jerked meat, bears flesh and venison, and also hom-
iny and sweet potatoes and corn bread. \Ve passed through the
Chickasaw and Choctaw nations.

My brother Archibald walked from New Orleans sixteen
times, and my brother William twelve times, from 1809 and on-
ward. They would go down with flat-boats and return on foot.
The flat-boats would cost $150 and would have to be sold at New
Orleans perhaps for $10. They generally made two trips a year.
One of them once tried three trips, but he got sick. They com-
monly traveled " Carroll's Trace," from Lake Pontchartrain to
Colbert's Ferry, on the Tennessee River. The " trace" .stretched
for miles and miles through deep, tall cane-brakes, a clear well-
trodden path with thick canes on both sides of the path nearly
impenetrable. The canes were sometimes thirty or fort feet high
and as thick as they could grow.

In 1847, I went to New Orleans for hemorrhage of the lungs.
Recovering my health, I returned home, and have lived since
that time thirty-five years, enjoying still a reasonable degree of
health and strength."

,IOHN HOKE, JACKSON.

The settlers in 1830 were, west of Union City, Wayne Town-
ship, Thomas Peyton, Converse place ; Jacob Emerick, William
Anderson's farm ; John Emerick, Weimar farm ; north of Union
City ; John Sheets, Smith fai-m ; Eli Nofsinger, north of Smith's
farm, on Little Mississinewa; near New Lisbon ; Amos Smith,
west of New Lisbon ; David Vance, William Cox, Isaiah Cox,
Thomas Wiley, at New Lisbon ; Andrew Debolt, at Mt.
Holly, all sons-in-law of Amos Smith; Jacob Johnson, west of
Mt. Holly, 1833; Seth Macy, one and a half miles of John.son's
(west); James Skinner, one mile west of New Lisbon ; John
Skinner, near his brother James ; James Reeves, father of the
Reeveses, one-half mile north of Skinner's ; James Wickershara,
one mile south of New Lisbon ; Nickum, where Eli Man-
gas lives; Thomas Devor, one-half mile north of AllensviUe ;
John Thomson, north of Devor's ; Jacobs, near Alfensville, north
of Mississinewa; Simmons, west, on Mississinewa ; James Porter,
south of New Pittsbui-g ; Philip Storms had been at Mississinewa
Crossing, but had gone away ; James Warren^ near Middletown,
one-half mile south ; John Warren, three miles west of Middle-
town ; William Warren, laid out Middletown.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

I think these settlers had been here from two to five years.

For awhile people used hand-mills to grind corn-meal.

Mr. Skinner had a mill perhaps the first, in about 1840. It
was a corn-cracker and stood a few years.

Mr. Hinchy had a saw-mill and a corn-cracker one-half mile
east of Allensville. They stood a long tipae,

Others, perhaps, had mills that I do not now call to mind.
The Allensville mill was the first important and extensive mill in
the region, and it is there now.

The Indians (Wyandots) used to come and hunt on Gray's
Branch, but they had mostly stopped coming there two or three
years before I came. A few came afterward.

The first settlers did little but hunt. They thought the
country would never be filled up, but would remain a superb
hunting-ground. Settlers began to come in and go to clearing
farms, and then they began, too, somewhat. Hunters would
come through my clearing, and say: " Are you going to clear out
a farm?" "Yes, I thought I would." " Well, maybe that's the
best way. " The land at first was a good deal wet ; half of it stood
in water much of the time. Clearing and draining has dried it
out pretty well."

THOMAS HUBBARD, GREEN.

" I entered 131 acres and bought, second-hand, 158 acres. I
now own 150 acres. We came in a four-horse wagon, cutting
our own road from White River, ten or twelve miles, taking two
days.

A man, Neselrode, had a cabin and we took the cabin. I paid
for my land and had $.50 left. There was a cabin or two stuck
around in the woods between here and White River. We came
the road to Maxville, thence to Fairview. I did but little hunt-
ing, since I could get plenty of deer hams for 37i cents a pair.
I had to take a sled (I had a good team) to White River for corn,
staying all night and till late next day. I bought the corn and
got it ground on White River. Corn was 50 cents a bushel. I
raised the first wheat in the settlement. I got a man to put in
three acres for me, and when I came, in October, the wheat was
up and looked nice. The crop was sixty bushels.

Flat-boats and pirogues were used to go down the river with
pork, flour, apples, etc. One spring, five boats went down loaded
vith charcoal. The boats were "stove in " near here, and the coal

was lost. Tie

laggy.

e broke

II going over

McKinney's mill-dam ; the others were " stove in" before thi
Searl, of Deeriield, owned the coal, and he was nearly broken up
by the loss. They intended to take the coal to New Orleans
(about 1840).

We bought the trees for our orchard of Joab Ward, of Ridge-
ville, in 1840. There were 120 budded trees, and they made a
good orchard. We gave §9 a hundred, and we brought them down

Mrs. Hubbard remembers seeing the soldiers at Chillicothe,
guarding the British prisoners in the war of 1812. Her father had
just moved from Pennsylvania, and he was poor, and her mother
baked buscuits an3 pies, etc., for the soldiers, sometimes cooking
all night to supply their wants.

A Methodist quarterly meeting was held in our house before
the floor was laid. The sleepers were used as seats. Afterward
the children played holding meetings, singing, praying, preach-
ing, etc., going through the whole exercise in quite a business-
like manner."

MRS. SHERMAN.

" We had a splendid spring in a ' gum ' seven feet deep. We
lived on the " Sample Trace," leading from Sample's mill, on
White River, to Lewallyn's mill on the Mississinewa. And our
spring was a noted point. We came February 20, 1837. The
snow had been deep. The waters were high, and, in
White River, we lost a bunch of keys. We never expected
our keys again, but some one found them two or three years
afterward, and they were returned to us, and we have the keys

yet. My husband built a cabin on his land before we moved to
it, and we lived in that cabin more than twenty years. He im-
proved his own land somewhat, but he worked out a great deal,
mowing, clearing, etc., on White River, in the older settlements.
I wove, braided straw hats, etc.

New Dayton Church was built in 1877, but the graveyard
has been there forty years or more.

The Methodists formed a society seon after we came, and
meetings have been held, in dwellings, etc., from that day to
this.

There was no school for some years after our settlement be-
gan. The people were poor and " hard run," and lived far
apart.

William Wright taught once, and so did George McPherson.

Asenath Wright taught school about 1840 in a little old cau-
in on Reese Wright's farm, that had been a dwelling.

For fifteen years no teacher in this neighborhood could go
beybnd the •' Single Rule" in " Old Talbot."

George McPherson was an oddity in the schoolroom. He
would call " to books," sit down to read and let the school run
itself. If anybody passed, the children would pop up and run to
the window to see, and so on."

[Mrs. Sherman and her husband. Pardon Sherman, died in
the winter of 1881-82, within a few weeks of one another, she
going befor , her husband to try the realities of the unseen Spirit
Land.]

SILAS DIXON, WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

" David Robison and Peter Hoover were here when I came ;
Ezekiel and George GuUett came when I did. The woods were
alive with wolves and bears and turkeys and deer. We once killed
two bears before breakfast. They came along down the furrows as
we were passing back and forth. The dogs were called and they
tried to catch the bears, chasing them and treeing them, and at
length they were shot and killed.

We used to go to Moffat's mill near Richmond. I entered
forty acres of land and bought forty more."

[Mr. Dixon died in the spring of 1881.]

ISEUM H. ENGLE.

'• I followed brick-making in Cincinnati, also wood-sawing. I
was unfortunate and lost all my property and had to begin anew.
I sawed wood for several years in Cincinnati. One day I sawed
and handled ten cords, sawing it once in two, and tossing it into
a cellar. I was not especially tired, and thought nothing partic-
ular about the matter."

[Note. — I. H. E. is the best wood-sawyer and saw-sharpener I
ever knew or heard of.]

•' I have been a church member for more than sixty-five years,
and an exhorter and Class-leader for thirty-five years. The re-
ligion of Chiist has been a wellspring of joy to my soul all that
long time. I have had deep trials, but the Lord has given mo
triumph over all ! I have taken every number of the Cincin-
nati Christian Advocate, now Vol. XL VII, No. 2,500, and be-
fore that the New York Advocate for several years. I have had
abundance, and have been brought low ; but ray treasure is in
Heaven, and my heart is there also; and soon, full soon, I shall
see the King in His beauty, and He will give me the riches of
the glory-land !"

[Mr. Engle has moved to Jay County to reside with one of
his sons, and his aged wife died there in the spring of 1882.]

" The county was all woods. A fe\y settlers were scattered
here and there, but they had only cabins with small clearings
that hardly made a "break " in the vast wilderness.

Settlers when Philip Barger came here:

Alexander Garringer, opposite Fairview, across the river;
Martin Boots, opposite Fairview, across the river.

A Mr. Porter had lived where Fairview is, but he did not

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

stay. Daniel Culver bought him out, and he had gone ; Culver
was living there when Barger came.

Neselrode lived where Hubbard is now ; Hubbard bought Ne-
selrode out in 1837, and lives there still.

Alexander Stevens settled in the east part of Green Township
in 1830.

John Bone lived below Fairview (living still).

Anthony (Wayne) McKinney came in 1837.

His son, J. B. McKinney, lives now opposite Fairview, and
owns 1,400 or 1,500 acres of land.

Nathan Godwin came in 1837. His son, Thomas Godwin,
lives in Fairview.

John Garringer was here in 1836, where Baldwin now lives.

Martin Smith bought Garringer out in the fall of 1836.

Bennett King lived in the northwest corner of the county.
He is father of VVilliam 0. King, near DcerGeld. Bennet King
went to Missouri and is living there.

Elijah Harbour lived west of Samuel Caylor's, fall of 1835.

The Browns lived across the river; Thomas Brown and three
sons.

Jonathan Green married a Brown.

The Browns had been there two or three years when he came.
They sold out to Zebulon Cantrell in 1839 and left for Iowa.

Israel Wirt entered land south of the Browns about 1836,
and moved fall of 1837. He died August, 1880, eighty-four
years old.

I'unis Brooks lived on Brooks' Prairie; had been there two
or three years.

Samuel Caylor, 1837.

John Life came spring or summer 1838.

Fairview was begun in 1837.

Alexander Garringer had a store across the river (at his cabin).

" The first mail route was from Deerfield to Granville, Dela-
ware Co., once in two weeks, out and back, on horseback. I got
the fifth number of the Winchester Patriot [H. H. Neff], and
have taken the paper from that ofSce ever since.

The first mill was built by Antony McKinney on the river
below Fairview, where Wolverton's mill now stands.

First he built a saw-mill, then he added a corn-cracker, then
a grist-mill. He was putting in the dam in 1838. He started
the saw-mill in 1839, the corn-mill in the fall, and the wheat-mill
in 1841 or 1842.

The first smith-shop was by Martin Boots, he had a shop and
was a smith himself.

Alexander Garringer had a smith shop, and Perry worked
for him.

First school was winter of 1837, in a little round log cabin
near the bridge, on the river bank at Fairview.

Horatio Pace was the teacher, aud the school was very small.

First meeting was before I came, perhaps in that round log
schoolhouse.

First meeting-house was a log house in Fairview (about 1839),
Methodist Episcopal.

About 1844, a quarterly meeting was held at Thomas Hub-
bard's. Their house was new and had no floor, and the sleepers
wore for seats. Bruce was the preacher.

Methodist meetings used to be held at Nathan Godwin's.

New Light meetings were held at Martin Smith's.

Churches were afterward built at Fairview.

The schoolhouse now standing is the third, log, frame, brick.

The first brick house was cither Samuel Caylor's or William
Ore's.

First brick-kiln was by Thomas Hubbard ; 30,000 or 40,000 ;
for chimneys, $3 per thousand.

First reapers. J. B. McKinnev and Philip Barger. Barger's
started first. They were the Kirby reaper, 1855 or 1856.

First threshing machine run was by Philip Stover, of Dela-
ware County — "falling beater," "chaff piler." He thra.shed
first for old Elijah Harbour, and then for Philip Barger.

Fir.st justice was John Garringer, 1838. They say he kept
his docket on slips of paper, and stuck them in the cracks of his
cabin. Nobody else could read thorn. After him were Jona-
than Green and then Thomas Harbour.

First grave in Fairview Graveyard was that of an old lady,
Mrs Shirley, mother-in-law of Reuben Eppart. Mr. Godwin
laid off the graveyard.

" Thomas Rowell was buried in what is now J. B. McKinney's
pasture lof, but the exact place is unknown. It was before 1838.

Elijah Harbour, though a clergyman and an excellent citizen,
was also a great deer hunter. He has often shot them from his
own cabin door. One night three wolves chased some deer round
his house through the ,snow, making paths in the snow as they
went round and round.

The wolves were chased away, being followed down the river
to Fairview. But father Harbour would never molest the deer on
the Sabbath, and the deer would come on Sunday and graze
quietly on the prairie as though they knew they would not be
liarmed on that day.

Mr. Harbour was famous also for holding meetings for wor-
ship and preaching, and many a Christian soul has been cheered
by his warm and loving words and his fervent exhortations and
prayers, and many a sinner convicted and converted through the
blessing of the Spirit upon liis earnest warnings and appeals.

His funeral was attended by a very large concourse of people,
showing thus their respect and esteem for so useful a citizen and
so loving and ardent a Christian."

"Deerfield was a small town with two little stores and a few
log houses.

The settlors were (1838) Isaac Cherry, on David Harker's
place ; Samuel Bryson ; George Ritenour, near the old chapel
on the river, west of Deerfield ; Burkett Pierce, across the river,
west of Deerfield.

There were doubtless others, but they are not now recollected.
I was a boy thirteen years old when father came to Randolph.
There were a large family of us, and we had a hard, rough time.

Father died the same year I was married, and mother was
left with a family of seven or eight children, several of them be-
ing small and dependent. The family was raised successfully,
however. All but one lived to be married, and all but two are
living still. Some of them are getting to be pretty well along in

JACOB CORL, JACKSON.

"Settlers in 1838: Daniel B. Miller, near Prospect; Abra-
ham Ilarshman, near William Warren's ; Reuben Harshraan,
Jackson Township, now Union City ; Jacob Harshman, Jackson
Township, dead ; Andrew Key, Ward Township, dead; James
Porter, Jackson Township, near Pittsburg ; William Simmons,
dead ; James eSimraons, dead ; Joseph Lollar, near Saratoga,
dead ; Simeon Lucas, near Saratoga ; Joseph Lucas, near Sara-
toga ; Sam Emery near J.ay County, very old, dead ; George
Clianeyvelt, one mile west of Pittsburg, dead; William Sizemore,
near Middletown, nearly one hundred years old, dead.

There was an old settler, Mr. Nunnamaker, at Pittsburgr
eighty-four years old. He was a soldi'^r in the war of 1812, and
has received a pension for many years. He died in 1880."

JAMES KELLY, GIIEENSFORK.

■• I came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1842, twenty-eight
years after the first settlement. Prices then were almost noth-
ing. Wheat was 25 cents in trade, 32 cents in Cincinnati. It
had to be hauled in wagons through the mud — though there were
some pikes in Ohio.

Men would go with four-horse teams, hitch their horses be-
fore and behind the wagon to feed them, and sleep in the wagon.
I was oficred pork (hogs weighing 200 pounds net) at 75 cents
per 100 pounds, for money to pay taxes, and I did not take it.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Myself and wife went over to the Miami, helped butcher thirty-
seven large hogs, cut the meat, chopped the sausage, stuflfed
them, rendered the lard and salted the pork. They gave us half
a barrel of stuffed sausages, one large h^m, one keg of lard, ribs,
back-bones, etc., all we cho.se to carry home. We brought away
meat enough to last till the next fall, all for two days' work of
my wife and myself.

William Hill, father of Aaron Hill (now living south of Arba)
made a pestle-mill to pound hominy. He fenced it and ran it by
horse-power, getting some custom. Another man, having a corn-
cracker, also made a pestle-mill, but did not fence it. He would
let the mill run itself. In pounding, some kernels would scatter
out, and sheep would come and pick it up. One day, when the
mill was " going it all alone," a flock of sheep came picking
around, till a big buck, smelling at the log, climbed up and stuck
his head into the mill-hole. "Crack!" came the pestle, and
knocked the buck dead. The sheep climbed up, one by one, till
twenty-seven sheep. lay dead around the mill, and the owner of
the mill (and this was the pith of the joke) had to pay for the
sheep."

Note. — I hav^ given you the story as it was told. If any
body doubts the tale, I cannot help it.

" Aaron Hill's father used to work -oxen, and sometimes ride
them. One day, Aaron rode an ox over to Eli Overman's of an
errand. (One version says he went courting.) Said Eli, " Did
thee ride ? "' '' Yes," said Aaron. Said Eli to one of the boys,
" Put up Aaron's beast." The boy went out, but came back,
saying, " I can't find any beast." " I thought thee said thee
rode." "I did; I rode an ox," piped out tiie bashful boy.
" Go turn it to the straw-stack," said Eli."

[Aaron says the stories on him are " bogus."]

" James Clark was once driving to Whitewater, when a big
walnut struck him on the back. He was fire-mad in a second,
thinking somebody had struck him. He wheeled, crying out,
" Who did that? '"' But " nary man."

A man — Mr. Cartwright — coming from North Carolina, had
heard of white walnuts, and that they were good to eat. He set
upon a lot of buckeyes and went to eating them. Some one
asked him :

" What are you eating ? "

" White walnuts."

" Like them ? "

" Not overly well, but think I will after awhile."

A young fellow, whom I will not name, once went to Fort
Wayne, with his brother and brother-in-law, with provisions for
the Indian trade. The roads were terrible through the bogs and
the marshes. The young fellow — only a lad, as it were, and a
mild, gentle lad, at that-^-could not get his oxen through the
swamps.

His brother-in-law, a wild, rough, profane fellow, would come
and whip and swear, and thrash them through.

Finally, at a bad crossing, the wild fellow told the boy he
would not swear for him any more ; that he must get through
himself. The lad tried, but "no go."

" You must swear at them."

" I don't know how ; besides, I don't wish to."

" You must, or stay here in the swamp," was the unfeeling
reply.

The boy, grown desperate, seized Km gad, swung it over the
oxen's head, and, laying on with fearful blows, broke out into a
sort of half swearing, yelling as if the Indians were after him.
The oxen went through, whether by the whipping, or the yelling,
or the swearing. But the lad was so mortified that he offered
the other all his truck money (33 or so) if he would not tell of it.
The fellow took the money and made the promise, but broke his
word and told of it before he got to Spartansburg, and kept the
money to boot.

Of course these tales, related by Mr. Kelly, were obtained by
him from early settlers, since he himself came to the region at a

comparatively late date ; and it is no more than likely that they
should have been stretched somewhat in the various tellings to
which they had, in the course of years, been subjected.

J. PAXSON, UNION CITY.

" At Canal Dover, Ohio, a merchant proposed that I be his
clerk. I was surprised at the offer, but ' took up ' with it, and held
it till he sold out (two and a half years). At Union City I was
putting up a store for Benjamin Hawkins. He bought goods at
Cincinnati, and came and put the bills into my hands, saying,
" When the goods come, I wish you to ' open them out ' and go
to selling them." I was astonished, for 1 was at the first of it ;
but I took him at his word, and when the goods were " hauled "
from Greenville (for the railroad was not in running order yet)
I went to work. Afterward we agreed for my wages, and I
stayed with him for some years. . But he left, and I concluded
to set up for myself I chose the boot and shoe trade. I went
to Cleveland and bargained for $800 or $900 worth ; I could
pay only part cash. Said the dealer, " That is a pretty large
bill;" "yes, but I need them. If you prefer, I will let you take a
note I have for a farm I sold ($550)." " Well, leave it." I did
so ; soon sold out, so as to need a new supply, sent cash in part
payment of the debt, and for the new stock,. and soon, when
that note came due, he sent it to me to collect, which I did, and
paid him. From that time I could always get whatever I wished.
My store was the first of the kind in the city, and, of course, it is
the oldest in the town. I carry now $10,000 to $12,000 worth
of goods, making large sales annually, and have been mostly
without a partner."

Note. — His failing health and feeble strength made him take
in a partner a few years ago, and finally to sell out entirely in
1880, the firm being now Gordon & McKee, and still later, Gor-
don & Thomas.

WILLIAM STANTON, STONY CPEEK.

" We passed through Cumberland Gap ; they hailed us, but al-
lowed us to pass. At Cumberland Ford we encountered ZoUi-
cofter's army. We asked to pass their lines ; Zollicoffer said,
"No; you may get through, perhaps, but not here." I said,
" We will not harm you ; we have property North, and we wish
to go to it." But still he said, "No." So we turned back
through the Gap into Powell Valley, taking a circuit of thirty-
five miles. We crossed Cumberland Mountains by terrible
roads. It was a whole day's travel over a track but little used.
But we met no army nor any soldiers. There were eight wag-
ons in company ; four stopped in Tennessee, turning aside to a
settlement of Friends there. These stayed in Tennessee till
spring. The other four wagons came directly forward through
Kentucky.

We crossed the Ohio River at Madison. People welcomed
us in a very friendly manner, one old blind man remarkably so.
The people wished to make a dinner for us, but we could not
stop. We stayed an hour or two, and when we started we found
in each wagon nice things — pies, cakes, etc., as tokens of good
will. There were about twenty persons in the company, my
family having seven in number. We came through Rush County,
Ind., to see relatives there, then to West River, where we stayed
two months, at Absalom Dennis'. Afterward we came to Mark
Diggs', arriving there in January. The main trip took us
seven weeks. We got through safe and sound, thankful to find
at last a quiet haven afar from storm and tempest, and a peaceful
home among friends in a land of safety."

" Away from slavery." That refrain has been sung for
three-quarters of a century, and solemnly, mournfully marching
to its steady chorus has been the ceaseless movement of the endless
column, leaving the southern plains and valleys, crossing the
mountain heights, and threading the yawning "gaps," crossing
the beautiful river and spreading itself at length like a fertilizing
flood over the virgin Western plains. What wonder that, under

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the weakening power of tliis dcplotive process, the Southern land
should become enfeebled and decrepit, as though worn out with
deadly infirmity. This avalanche of human beings poured in a
limitless flow upon these widespread plains li.is been like the vi-
tal current giving life to the new created body politic. And
what we have gained they have lost, and what a loss ! Why
may the process now not be reversed — that as the mighty virgin
West once received her life and strength through the emigration
thither of the best and worthiest of the dwellers in the Southern
clime, so now the West may, now and in future years, give back
to the depleted and enfeebled South, depleted by a process of
impoverishment extending through several generations, and en-
feebled and well-nigh exhausted by a long and bloody and disas-
trous war — by hundreds and by thousands — the worthy and vig-
orous descendants of the sturdy pioneers who fled, years ago,
from the plague and curse of the Southern land— the institution
of human slavery? Slavery is gone, and the emptied and im-
poverished South-land cries out to the wealthy and populous
North and the hardy and vigorous West to send from their
abundant and overflowing population to restore her waste and
desolate places, and (o renew the prosperity of the elder, ancient
time.

CHAPTER VJII.

OLD .SETTLERS.
Meetings— PioNicKi:s—AoKi> Pe

SOME old settler.s met in Moorman Way's grove, northeast of
Winchester, June S, ISOL Articles of association were pre-
Bfint«d by Hon. Jeremiah Smith, and were unanimously adopted.

Ai-ticle II provides as follows: "Any person who bas re-
sided thirty-five years in Randolph County may become a mem-
ber by signing these articles.'"

Akt. VIII. — The association shall meet once annually, at
such time and place as it may fix. * * * The meetings shall
be bold for sociability and for reminiscences of old times, man-
ners and customs; and members shall furnisb to such meetings
historical sketches, from their own knowledge or recollection, for
file or record, as the association may order.

At the tii'st meeting, seventy. nine persons .signed the roll.
Officers were chosen as follows:

Hon. Jeremiah Smith, Winchester.

J. C. Bowen, Groensfork; Joseph Pearson, Washington;
William Hunt, West River; David Heaston, White River; Dan-
iel B. Miller, Ward; George Huffman, Tranklin; William Macy,
Monroe.

We suppose none wore present from the other townships.

Martin A. lleedor. Secretary; James Clayton, Treasurer.

At the afternoon meeting, speeches were made by the follow-
ing persons: Jesse Parker,"* J. C. Bowen, Squire Bowen, Lu-
cinda Hiatt, William Macy, Eli Edwards, Jeremiah Smith,
George Hiatt, David Heaston, Joseph Macy, John Coats, Temple
Smith, Jonathan Edwards, James Clayton, George Ritenoiir,
Zachary Puckett

September 7, ISOl, the association held its second meeting.
l'"oiir persons joined.

Addresses— Walter Ruble, D.iniel B. Miller, H. D. Hufl'man,
Elias Kizer, Miles Hunt, William Kennedy.

Juno >S, 1802, limitation as to time changed from thirty -five
t(3 twonty-fivo years. Eighteen persons signed the roll.

Juno i:{, LSf);!, fourth meeting, twenty-ono persons joined.

Addrossos — John PeoUe, Wavne County; Jesse Parker, Rev.
William Hunt. Hon. Jorcmiab Smith; Rebecca Jii\ir,n, Wayne
f^ounty (written).

Juno 11, l.S()4, fifth meeting held.

Addresses— Hon. Jeremiah Smith (written): Henry Summers,
William Hunt, Elias Kizer.

June 10, 18(i5, sixth meeting held. A large number joined.

Addresses — Jeremiah Smith, "Tornado;" Jeremiah Cox,
Wayne County, Ind.; James C. Bowen, First Term of Court;
Miles Hunt, Elias Kizer, Temple Smith, etc.

June 8, ] S()(), seventh meeting held.

Addresses — Jesse Parker (written); Elias Kizer (written); H.
D. Huffman.

June 0, 1807, eighth meeting held

Addresses — Joseph Pearson, H. D. Huffman, Gen. A. Stone,
H. H. Neff, Miles Hunt, J. W. Williamson, Jesse Parker, etc.

June 11, 18()S, ninth meeting held. H. D. Huffman "played
school."

Addresses— Willis C. Wilmore (written); Ciuiis Cleny (writ-
ten); J. B. Abbott, H. D, Huffman, T. W. Roeco, W. D. Fra-
zoe presented a hymn book printed in 1829.

June 10, 180'.», tenth meeting.

Addresses- Willis C. Wilmore (written); Isaac Jonkinson,
Fort Wayne; H. D. Huffman, spelling school.

June 9, 1870, eleventh meeting. Eight members joined.

Addresses — Hon. Jeremiah Smith, H. D. Huffman, J. C.
Bowen, Ithamai' I' egg, George W. Vandeburg.

June 8, 1871, twelfth meeting; thirteen new members.

Addresses— H. D. Huffman, Temple Smith, W'. D. Stono.
Asahel Stone, H. H. Neff, Mrs. E. A. McGriff, Miles Hunt.

June 6, 1872, thirteenth meeting; seven new members.

Addresses — Jeremiah Smith, " Civil History," Winchester,
I), inocrat; Henry D. Huffman, reminiscence.

No meetings held till September 13, 187!).

Members in all from tbo first, 242.

October 25, 1879, now association formed; thirty-seven mem-
bers joined.

Addresses— Miles Hunt, Thomas M. Browne, W'. C. Wilmore
(written). Whole number, 27'J.

.Juno 14, 1880, sixteenth meeting. Speaking by Miles Hunt,
William Robinson, E. Tucker. E. Tucker presented portions of
history of Randolph County in course of preparation by him.
The project was unanimously indorsed by the meeting, and rec-
ommended to public favor.

Members in order of coming into county:

[Note. — The roll is defective. About half the members seem
never to have been recorded in the permanent book. J

FIRST MEETING, JUNE, 1861.

Jesse Parker, April, 1814; James C. Bowen, October 22, 1814;
Squire Bowen, October 22, 1814; Robert Way, May, 181(^; John
Puckett, May, 181(); Jesse Way, February, 1817; William Macy,
February, 1817; Jonathan Edwards, 1817; Elizabeth Edwards,
1817; Abigail Clayton, 1817; Anna Reed, 1817; Jeremiah Smith,
August, 1817; Armsbeo Diggs, 1817; Mary Diggs, 1817; Luciu-
da Hiatt, 1817; Edward Wright, 1817; Elihu Cammack (born).
1817: Eli Edwards, 1817; Anderson D. Way, 1818; Daniel Wy-
song, 1818; George Hyatt, 1818; Benjamin Puckett, 1818; Jo.
seph Pearson, 1818; Mary Pearson, 1818; Levi Green, 1818;
James Ballanger, 1818; Elisha Shoemaker, 1818; Rachel Ruble,
1818; Catharine Edwards, 1818; William Hunt, 1819; David
Lasiley, 1819; Zach Puckett, 1819; David Heaston, 1819; Cath
arine Heaston, 1819; Polly Wright, 1819; George Huffman,
1819: Elizabeth Huffman, 1819; William Coats, 1819; Joseph
Macy, 18J9; Martha Hickman, 1819; Eli Lasley, 1819; John
Coates, 1819; Temple Smith, 1819; SothMofiBt, 1819: E. L. Brown
(born), 1819; Rebecca Puckett, 1820; James Clayton, 1820,
Christian Huffman, 1820; Stephen Huffman, 1820; John Rite-
nour, 1820; Walter Ruble, 1821; Henry Edwards, 1821; Fally
Edwards, 1821; Nathan Rinard, 1821 ; John Rinard, 1821; Elias
Kizer, 1821; Daniel B. Miller, 1822; Levi Ruble, 1822; Amos
Mann, 1822; James Pierce, 1822; Mary Reeder, 1822; Martin
A. Reeder, 1822; Sarah Thomas, 1823; Hannah Rossmsn, 182;J;
Margery Kizer, 1823; Hannah Way, 1823; Matilda Beals, 1823;
Harvey Wysoug, 1823; Thomas W. Kizer, 1824; Amos Smith,
1824; Miles Hunt, 1825; Eli Hiatt, 1825; N. P. Heaston, 1825;

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

117

Honry D. Huffman, 1825; Stephen Moorman, 1825; Lafayette
Irvin, 1825; Henry B. Cox, 1825.

Members from September 1, ISfil. to June, 1803, inclusive:
William Kennedy, March, 1817; Nancy Kennedy, March, 1817;
Joab Ward, April 7, 1819; Charity Coffin, October, 1815); Uriah
Pierce, October, 1810; Martha Pierce, October, 18U); Burkett
Pierce, October, 1819; Moses Lasley, March, 1820; Henry T.
Mclntyre, November, 1820; Elizabeth Wright, 1820; Nancy
Miller, October 12, 1820; Tarlton Moorman, April 27, 1820;
Thomas Pierce, November, 1822; Lydia Pierce, November, 1822;
Josfeph Thornburg, January, 1S27; Andrew Aker, May 18, 1828;
Hannah Aker, May 18, 1828; Silas H. Moore, September 24,
1820; Israel Wright, June 3, 1830: Elizabeth Wright, June 3,
1830; Samuel Wright, June 3, 1830; Benjamin Harris, Septem-
Iwr 20, 1831; Ensley Jones, March 3, 1832; James D. Bowen
(born), December 23, 1832; George Addington, September 19,
1832; Jacob Elzroth, April 1«, 1833; Elizabeth Elzroth, April
16, 1833; Christian Habich, October 10, 1833; William A. Macy,
October, 1833; James Evans, October, 1834; Thomas Alexander,
June, 1835; Edward Edger, January, 1830; John Hoke, October,
1830; Joseph Lucae, October, 1836; Stephen Haines, December,
.1830; Adam Wright, 1830; Andrew Devoss, January, 1837; Jo-
seph Edger, Januai^ 27, 1837; Silas Colgrove, October 20, 1837;
Rebecca Colgrove, October 20, 1837; John H. Dunn, May, 1838;
Tyre T. Puckett, Absalom Oren, Charlas Coffin.

From 1804 to 1870, names not found; 98 members; 1871-72,
members joined:

William Barnes, Harrison Anderson, Andrew J. Lasley, Jacob
Beals, Rebecca Beals, Priscilla Smith, Jacob Farquhar, Amos Or-
cutt, William Butler, John W. Hill, W. D. Stono, Henry T.
Semans, William Shockney, Ithamar Pegg. Jesse Addington,
Hester A. Aker, Margaret Astley, John Lindley, John D. Sum-
mers, Christian Hoaston, Jacob LaAley.

1879— John Neff, aged fifty-seven, 1839; Harriet Neff, sixty-
seven; Thomas M. Browne, fifty, 1844; W. S. Hunt, sixty-one,
1840; Lavina Hunt, fifty-nine, 1829; S. J. Farquhar, forty- one,
1838; Jacob A. Hinshaw, fifty, 1831; Philip Barger, sixty-five,
1838; Mahlon Farquhar, sixty-nine. 1837; W. M. Botkin, fifty-
six, 1821; John Jenkins, forty-nine, 1837; C. W. Lewis, sixty-
one, 1825; Mary A. Hunt, sixty-six, 1816; Nancy Hunt, forty-
eight, 1831; John Connor, forty-nine, 1830; J. C. Denton, sev-
enty-six, 1827; Julian Denton, sixty-seven, 1826; Solomon Se-
mans, seventy-three, 1817; Tyre T. Puckett, sixty-nine, 1819;
Temple Smith, seventy-three, 1819; Alfred McCanny, sixty-six,
1837; J.T. Hunnicutt, sixty-two, 1833; Alpheus Hoagland, fifty,
1832; Levi Dolby, seventy-three, 1832; Stephen Haynes, sev-
enty-nine, 1834; Judith Way, seventy-two, 1819; Lydia Jones,
sixty-three, 1817; Jane G. Edger, sixty-three, 1837; Ellen
Haynes, sixty-four; Stephen Moorman, fifty-six, 1823; John
Ellis, sixty-two, 1837; Lizzie Goodrich, forty, 1839; Laura E.
Fisher, thirty-fivei, 1844; Mercy Pierce, forty-eight, 1839; Hester
Aker, seventy-three, 1834; Polly Reeder; Fanny R. Teal, thirty-
nine, 1840.

The loss of a part of the list of members is greatly to bo
regretted, but there seems to be no way to supply the lack.
Many of the members are dead, but for the most part we have no
means of determining the number. Very few of the first settlers
are yet living.

Jesse Parker, Bethel, Wayne County, 1814, (dead); James C.
Bowen, near Arba, Randolph County, 1814 ; Squire Bowen,
Spartansburg, 1814; Jesse Way, Winchester, 1817; Elihu Cam-
mack, near Bartonia (born), 1817, moved to Iowa in 1881;
George Hiatt, near Winchester, 1818; David Lasley, near Win-
chester, 1819; Polly Wright, near Winchester, 1819; Temple
Smith, near Stone Station, 1819; Mary A. Reeder, Winchester,
1822; Martin A Reeder, Winchester, 1822; Hannah Rossman,
Winchester, 1823; Thomas W. Kizer (born), Winchester, 1824;
Amos Smith, Stony Creek, 1824; Miles Hunt, 1825; Eli Hiatt,
1825; Stephen Moorman, 1823; Lafayette Irvin (born), Winches-
ter, 1825; Burkett Pierce, nearDeerfiold, 1819; David Lasley, 1819;
Moses Lasley, near AVincbester, 1820; Henry T. Mclntyre, Maxville
(bom), 1820 ; Andrew Aker, Winchester. 1828 ; Israel ^'right. White

River, 1830; Ensley Jones. White River, 1832; James D. Bow-
en, Greensfork (born), 1S32; George Addington, 1832; William
A Macy, Wayne, 1833; Edward Edger, Winchester. 1830; Ste-
phen Haines, Unionsport. 1836; Joseph Edger, Ridgeville, 1837;
Silas Colgrove, Winchester, 1837; Rebecca Colgi'ove, Winches-
ter, 1837; Tyre T. Puckett, White River, 1820; Priscilla Smith,
Stone Station (dead, winter of lSSl-82j; Philip Barger, near
Fairview; James McProud, Green Township; John Ford, Green
Township; Ruth Wallace, Monroe Township; John H. Bond,
Stony Creek; Job Thornburg, Stony Creek; Joab Thornburg,
Stony Creek; Susannah Diggs, Nettle Creek; William A. Thorn-
burg, Stony Creek; PeiTy Fields, Ward; Jacob Corl, Jackson;
Uriah Ball, Union City; Robert Pogue, Union City; Jehu
Hiatt, Winchester; J. B. Beverly. Winchester; Benjamin R.
Shaw, Spartansburg; Gideon Shaw, Winchester; J. Armfield,
Thornburg. Windsor; William Peacock, Jericho; Asenath Thom-
as, Jericho; Asahel Stone, Winchester; Jamas S. Cottom. Win-
chester; Henry H, Neff, Winchester; John Neff, Sr., Winchester;
W. W. Smith, Winchester; Nathan Reed, Winchester; Edward
Edger, Winchester; Joseph Edger, Ridgeville; James Adding-
ton, near Ridgeville; Thomas Addington, New Dayton; John
Mann, Spartansburg; Thomas Middleton, Spartansburg; Will-
iam Locke, Spartansburg; Moorman Way, Winchester, died in
fall of 1881;"jan6 Fisher, Union City (died February, 1882;)
Willis C. Wilmore, White River: William C. Diggs, Jr., now
residing in Iowa; Fanny Hill, Jericho; Thomas Ward, Win-
chester; Daniel Hoffman, Winchester; William Taylor, Spar-
tansburg; Silas Johnson, Lynn; Eli Reece, Cherry Grove; Will-
iam Chamness. West River; Isniah Rogers, Bloomingsport;
WilliamDiggs, White River; Hannah (Mendonhall) Diggs, Win-
chester; Thomas Moonnan, Winchester: Moses Mfirks, Parker;
Abram Hammer, Monroe; Paul Beard, iynn; James M. Clark,
Spartansburg; James Clark, Greensfork; Henry Hoover, Wayne;
Robert Miu'phy, Wayne; Amos Cadwallader, Greensfork; Fran-
cis Frazier, Jericho; Silas Johnson, Lynn; William Peacock,
Jericho; Asenath Thomas, Jericho; Arthur McKew (died Jan-
uary, 1882;) John Key, Ward Township; Aaron Simmons, Jack-
son Township; Mrs. Reeves, Jackson Township.

(by

John Bone, early; Philip Barger, 1838; Martin Boots, early;
Tunis Brooks, 1833; Thomas Brown and sons, 1833; Samuel
Caylor, 1837; Zebulon Cantrell, 1839; Daniel Culver, early;
Nathan Davis, early; John Ford, early; John Garringer, 1830;
Isaac Garringer; Jonathan Garringer, 1835; William Gray;
Nathan Godwin, 1837; Thomas Godwin, 1837; Jonathan Green,
1833; Elijah Harbour, 1835; Thomas Hubbard, 1837; Bennet
King, early; Ulrich Keener, early; Benjamin Lewallyn; John
Life, 1838; David Killburn, early; Benjamin Mann, early; An-
tony McKinney, 1837; William May, 1857; John B. McKin-
ney, 1837; James McProud, early; Neselrode, early; Porter; Al-
exander Stevens, 1830; Martin Smith, 1830; William Vineyard;
Jacob Winegartner; Israel Wirt, 1830.

FBANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

Thomas Addington, 1805; William Addington, 1833; Jesse
Addington, 1834; James Addington, 1830; Thomas Addington,
1834; John Addington, 1832; E. T. Bailey, 1847; Sebastian
Brunnengast, 1833; AVilliam Deinbin, 1830; Joseph Edger,
1837; George Hoffman, 1838; Mr. Jones, 1830; Moshach Lew-
allyn, 1817; Benjamin Lewallyn, 1830; Arthur McKew, 1831;
Edward McKew, 1831; George McPhereon: William R. Merine,
1833; Ezekiel Roe, 1831; Abram Renbarger, 1832; Pardon Sher-
man, 1837; Robert Sumption, 1854; Francis Stevens, 1830;
James Stevens, 1830; Andi-ew Stevens, 1835; Alexander Stevens,
1835; W. J. Shoemaker; William Wright; John Woodard, 1837 ;
Jacob Winegartner, 1833.

Alexander; William Bragg, 1832; George W. Barber; Curtis
Butler; Frank Blake, 1822; Martin Boots, 1822; Eli Blount; Ben-
jamin Clevinger, 1850; Glapp; William Doty, 1828; EdwardEd-
ger, John T. Evans, Edward Evans, Samuel Emery, Perry Fields;
Lambert Fields, 1831 ; Jessa Gray, Samuel Helms, Abram Harsh-

118

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

man, William Jackson, Henry Kizer, Andrew Key, Samuel Kane,
William Kizer, Aquila Loveall; John Key, I82".t: Andrew Mc-
Cartney; James Massoy, 18] 7; Massey, 1817; Daniel Mock,
James Mayo; Riley Manihall, 1820; William Massoy, early;
Eobert Massey, early; Daniel B. Miller; John Mock, Reason
Malott; Joseph Orcntt, 1838; Amos Orcutt, 1838: William Odle;
Burkett Pierce, IS'iO, Uriah Pierce. William Pogue, Robert
Pogne, Robert. Parsons, Francis Peake, George Ritenour, Will-
iam Simmons. Samuel Sipe, John H. Sipe, John B. Sipo, Jephtha
Sutton, Temple Smith, Calvin Soarl; Allen Wall, 1817; John R.
Warren, 1830; John Whipple, 1847.

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

Brockns, very early; Brockus, very early; Beach, very early;
Ishmael Bundy, very early; Isaiah Cox, 1836; William Cox, be-
fore 1836; Jacob Corl, 1838; Ezekiel Clough, 1862; Chandler;
Andrew Debolt, 1828 (perhaps); Thomas Devor, 1834; Henry
Debolt, 1844; George Debolt, 1844; Abram Harshman, 1S32;
Jacob Harshman, 18-32; Reuben Harshman, 1834; Isaac Harsh-
man, 1837; Hinkle,18— ; John Hoke, 1836; Peter Hoke; Jacob
Johnson, 1833; John Johnson, 1833; Seth Macy, before 1830;
Mangus; Eli Noftsinger, 183U; George Porter, 1827; James
Porter, 1829; Jamea' Reeves, 1332; Thomas Shalor, 1820;
Philip Storms, 1826; Amos Smith, John Skinner, James Skin-
ner, Aaron Simmons ; James Simmons, 1827; William Simmons,
1828; Siaemore. Sheets; David Vance, early; Thomas Wiley,
1836; James Wickersham. 1832; James Warren, 1835; Dolphus
Warren; William Warren, 1834.

John Anderson, 1833 ; Branson Anderson, 1833; Edward Bw-
ton, 1840; Leven IBarton, 1850; Bailey, Jacob Bennett; John T.
Chenoweth, 1840; Elijah Cox, William Cox: Jeremiah Cox,
1825; Elihu Cammack (1817) 1846; John Dixon, 1832; Silas
Dixon, 1832; Dowuing; John Foster, 18151; Mason Freeman,
1833 ; Francis Frazier, Fai-nes, Fahnestock ; James
Griffis, 1833; Green, 1832; Graves; Ezokiol Gullett, 1840;
George Gullett, 1840; Henry Hill, 1818; Benoni Hill, 1818;
Daniel Hill, 1818; John Hartman, 1848 ; Solomon Hartmau,
1848; Peter Hoover, Sr., 1834; Peter Hoover, Jr., 1834; Fanny
Hill (1817) 1836; William Kennoa, 1830; Thomas S. Kennon,
1830; Hezokiah Locke, 1833; Robert Murphy, 1834; Smith Mas-
terson, 1833; W. S.Morton, 1856; William A. Macy, 1853; D. T.
Morris, 1858; Amos Peacock, 1818; Abram Peacock, 1819;
William Peacock, 1819; William Pickett (1828) 1853; Poor,
early; David Robinson; William Shockney, 1840; Samuel Shock-
ney, 1840: Sheets; George Thomas, 1835; Mrs. Teeter; Will-
iamson, 1838; John W. Williamson.

Thomas Addington. 1834; Andrew Akev, 1828; Thomas
Aker, Michael Aker; John Aker, 1837; James Butterworth,
1840; Simeon Brickley. 1843; Thomas M. Browne, (1844). •-;
Thomas Butts, 1824; Nathan Butts, 1838; Thomas Brown, 1834;
William Coates; Benjamin Cox, 1817; Simon Cox, 1817; John
Cox, 1818; John Coatos, 1819; Stephen Clavton. 1822; Abigail
(Way) Clayton, 1817; James Clayton, 1822; Thomas Clevingor,
1845; George Cox (born) 1820; L. D. Carter, 1840; Edmund B.
Carter, 1840; Henry Carter, 1840; .John D. Carter, 1840; J. J.
Cheney, 1852; John H Cottom, 1843; James S. Cottom, 1843;
David J. Cottom, 1843; .John W. Cottom, 1843; Silas Colgrove,
1837; Charles Conway, 1817; Martha (Mendenhall) Diggs, 1837;
WilliamDiggs, Jr., 1810; William Digg.s, 1818; Armsboe Diggs,
1817; Littleberry Diggs, 1817; Jacob Elzroth, early; John Elz-
roth, early: William Edwards, 1817; Jonathan Edwards, 1817;
Jacob Fisher, 1826; John Fisher, 1824; Ab.salom Gray, 1818;
Simon Gray (born), 1824; Carey S. Goodrich, 1831; Edmund B.
Goodrich, 1831; -John B. Goodrich, 1831; Stephen Harris, 1831;
H. D. Huffman, 1820; Barnabas Hunt, 1847; David Hea.ston,
1819; Christian Heaston, 1^19; Jehu Hiatt, 1833; Abram Heas-
ton, 1833; David E. Hoffman, 1838; John Irvin, 1819; S. C.
Irvin (born). 1827; George Hiatt, 1818; .Jonathan Hiatt, 1818;
Ensley Jones, 1831; Lydia (Wright) Jones (born), 1817;

Thomas Johnson, 1.S3:!; William Kennedy, JS17; Nathaniel
Kemp, 1841; Isaiah Kemp, 1841; Elias Kizer (1821), 1831;
Thomas W. Kizer (1S24), 1831; David Lasley, 1819: Peter Las-
lov, 1819; David Macy, 1820; Elisha Martin, 1832; John Mar-
tin, 1822; Robison Mclntyre, 1819; Henry Mclntyre, 1820;
Hiram Mendenhall, 1837; Morgan Mills, 1821; John Monks,
1820; Tarleton Moorman, 1832; John A. Moorman, 1822; Stephen
Moorman (born), 1822; James Moore, 1845; C. C. Monks (born),
1827; G. W. Monks, 1820; John K. Martin, 1837; Joseph Mof-
fat; John Neff, 1833; H. H. Neff, 1833; John Neff, Sr., 1833;
Willis Perry 'colored); Mark Patty, early: Harvey Patty, 1835;
Joseph Puckott, 1819; Isom Puekett, 1819; Thomas Puckett,
1820; Zachary Puckett, 1820; Tyre Puckett, 1819; James Purs-
ley, 1831; Jesse Pursley, 1833; Peter Reinhoimer, 1865; Isaac
Pearson; Jesse Reynard (born), 1819; Solomon Reynard, 1817;
Jehu Robinson, 1822; William Robinson, 1822; Martin A. Reeder,
1822; Mary Reeder, 1822; Walter Ruble, 1824; Nathan Reed,
Alfred Rossman; Leroy Starbuck, 1831; Durant Smith, 1829;
Walter Starbuck, 1831; John Starbuck, 1831; Ezra Stone, 1839;
Asahel Stone, 1839; William D. Stone, 1839; John Sample, 1819;
Solomon Semans, Godfrey Sumwalt, John Sumwalt; Jeremiah
Smith, 1817; Paul Way. 1816: Robert Way, 1810; Jesse Way,
1817; William Way, 1820; William Way, Jr., 1820; John Way;
Henry Way, 1816; Solomon Wright. 1817; Jacob Wright, 1818;
John Wright, 1818; Isaac Wright, 1818; David Wright, 1818;
David Wysong, 1818; E. L.Watson, 1850; Israel Wright, 1827;
Samuel Wright, 1827; Willis C. Wihnore, 1831; Joab Ward,
1819; -Toel Ward, 1819; Thomas Ward, 1819; Moorman Way,
1817; Judith (AVilsun) Way. 1817.

MONROE T

Adams, 1836; Mi-. Bowers, early; Philip Baughn, early;
Phili]) Booher. 1835; John Baughn; William Brod.'rick, 1853;
David Call, John Craig; Mr. CaiT, 1835; Andi-ow Cortner, Lev-
en Cos, James Driver, Jacob Driver; Jonathan Flood, 1836;
Isaac Garringer, Abram Garst; Elias Halliday, 1851 ; Eli Hiatt
(1821), 1803; Peter Hester, 1830 (perhaps); Eli Hiatt, 1830;
James Howry, 1835; Abram Hammer, 1830; David Haas; Ber-
nard Kew, 1832; A. Lewallyn. 1845; David Macy, 1800; Aaron
Macy, 1852; William Macy; Jethro Macy, 1854; John A. Moor-
man (1822), 1807; Joseph Macy, Andrew Martin; Morgan ftlills,
1834; Moses Marks, John B. Mills, Luther Moorman, Andrew
McCamy; Jonathan Peeples, 1830; John Rody, 1833; J. B.
Reed, 1833; Henry Rash, 1835; Jo.seph Smith, 1835; Samuel
Smith, 1835; Mr. Sawyer, Henry Saley, Jacob Wright, Jacob
Windermaker, John F. Wood, William Wood, James Wood,
Thomas Wall is.

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

Isaac Ambnrn, 1829; Samuel Amburn, Jacob Beals; Isaac
Branson, 1819; John H Bond. 1831; Joesph Bond, 1833; Abram
Clevingor, John Connor, John Coons, John ('asteeu; John Clev-
inger, 1828; Jonathan Clevinger, early; Andrew J. Dye; Jolin
Diggs, 1822: M'illiam Dixon, 1829; John Domory (colored),
1825; Jonathan Finger, William Holloway, Joseph Hewitt;
Jethro Hiatt, 1829; Solomon Hobaugh, John Holloway, Hosoa
Lamb, Morgan Mills. William Moore; Joab McNees, 1829;
John M. McNees, 1829; Reuben Medlar, 1840; George Moore,
18:38; Henry Moore, 1839; William Merriwether, 1840, Joseph
Rooks, 1822; Richard Robbins (colored), 1820; Robert Scott
(colored), 1832; James Scott (colored), 1832; George W. Smith-
son. Ira E. Smithson; Randolph Smullen. 1825: Amos Smith,
1829; Isaac Thornburg; John Thornburg, 1824; Joseph Thorn-
burg, 1825; Joab Thornburg, 1825; .Job Thornbiu-g, 1825: Tsaac
Thomas, 1830; Nathan Thornburg, 1829; William A. Thornburg,
1825; David Vestal, 1823; Lemuel Vestal, 1825; Daniel Vestal;
Solomon Wright (1817), 1829.

John Burroughs. 1822; Isaac Branson, 1824; Thomas Bur-
roughs, 182-; Mahlou Branson, John Bcokout; Bright Gist,
1831; Jacob Crouso, 1832; Matthew Chavis (colored); Willian)
Clevinger, 1828; Isaac Crouse (born), 1837; Jonathan Otuiaay,
1840; Walter Canady, 1829; John C. Clevinger (born), 1836:

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COTJxNTY.

M. L. Canady (born), 1848; John Clevinger, 1828; Abnihiim
Colman (polorod); Joel Drake, 1828; Mark Diggs (1821), 1827;
Wilkersou Gray, 183."); John Grubbs; Jordan Halste ad, 18;il;
William Hendricks; Solomon Hanscom, 1855; Benjamin Hunt,
1828; Antony Johnson. 1S2U; Reuben Johnson, 18;i2; L. \V.
Johnson, 18:52; Henry Leaky. 1831 ; George Leaky, ISJil; Christ-
ian Leaky, 1837 ; Henry Moss'by, John Massy, Phiiieas Macy, Dr.
Maulsby; Samuel Outland (colored), 1825; Benjamin Outluud
(colored), 1825; Mason Powell, Martin Scott (colored) ; William
Shullabarger, 182:5; Solomon Sparks, Enoch Sayles, Hamilton
Snodgrass. John Snodgrass. William Snodgrass. Robert Scott
(colored), Benjamin Skipworth (colored). Dosha Smothers (col-
ored), Jerry Terry (colored), Ichalx)d Tharpe, Jacob Tharpe;
Isaac Thornburg. 18:30; John T. Yardeman, 18(10; Thomas
Wilkerson (colored), Isaac Woods (colored). Samuel Woods
(colored), Jacob Woods (colored). Jesse Woods (colored); Lemuel
Wiggins, 1858; George W. Wine, 1830; Hicks K. Wright,
Philip AVoocls (colored).

Elijah Arnold; Hugh Botkin, 1810; Joshua Ballenger, 1817;
William Blount, 1817; Thomas Brower. 1817; Isaac Barnes,
1818; William M. Botkin (born), 1823; Butler; Jesse Cox, 1817;
John Charles. 1845; Bela W. Ci-oppcr. 1833; Daniel Cropper.
1833; William Cox, 1823; William Chamness (1810), 1854:
Nathaniel Case. 181G; Valentine Gibson, William Gibson. John
GAvynn; Arny Hall, 1817; William Hunt, ]SI8: AVilliam S.
Himt, 1840: Stejihen Haynes, 1834; David Hunnicutt. 1832;
John T. Hunnicutt, 1833; John E. Hodges, 1818; Jonah Heaton,
1810; Joseph Holling.sworth, 1810; Miles Hunt; Samuel Jack-
son, 1817; John Jordan, 1817; David Jones, 1817; Joseph Jay,
181S; Peyton Johnson, 18:W; Robert Lumpkin, 1831; James
Malcom, 1817; William Macv, 1821: Albert Macy, 181i); Rufus
K. Mills, 1857; Moses Martindale, 1817; Odle. 1815; Charles
W. Osborn, 1857; John Proctor, 1817; William Peacock, 1818;
Martin Phillips, 1810; Isaiah Rogers, 1810; A. Rotz (born),
1821; William Smith, 1817; Samuel Sales, 1817; Samuel Smith;
Jeremiah Smith, 1817; David Smith, 1817; Ira Swain (near),
1810: Robert Starbuck, 1833; James Smith, 1818; Evan Shoe-
maker, 1817; James Thornburg, 1817; Daniel Worth, 1823;
Thomas Worth, 1822; Joshua Wright, 1810; Frederic Zim-
m, 1818.

Travis Adcock. 1815: James Abshiro. early: William Barnes,
18;S7; Benjamin Bond. 1834: Paul Beard. Sr., 1817; Paul Beard,
Jr., 1817; Joseph Baxter, 1824; Elijah Brock; William Benson
(colored), 1843; Michael Benson (colored), 1840; John Barnes
(Wayne), Alfred Blizzard, Beeson; Ciu-tis Cleny, 1817;
George Daly, 1843; W. A. W. Daly, 1843; Francis Frazier,
Sr., 1817: Gideon Frazier; James Frazier, 1817; Francis
Frazier, Jr., 1817; Nicholas Gai-rett, 1841; Thomas Gar-
rett, 1841; Isaac Hockett; Obadiah Harris,. 1817; Ste-
phen Hockett, 1817; Jacob Hinshaw, 1832; Edward Hunt,
1817; Joseph Hockett; Jesse Johnson, 1817; Silas Johnson, 1S17;
William Johnson (born), 1S23; Samnol Jennings, 1825; Jona-
than Johnson, 1817; John Johnson, 1817; Joshua M. Johnson
(born), 1831; David Kenworthy: John Bloorman, 1817; Samuel
Moodv, 1821; Isaac Moody, 1823; Malachi Nichols, ISIO; Henry
D.Nichols (born). 18:32; Valentino Pogg (Wavne). 180S; Thomas
Phillips; Eli Reoce, 1828; Samuel Smith, 181U; J. H. Stiue,
1851; Edward Scott. 1820; Daniel Shoemaker, 1818; Thomas
Tharpe; Edward Thornburg, 1817: Joseph T. Wood, 180().

Thornton Alexander (cxjlored), 1822; Isaac Alexander (col-
ored), 1S22; William Ai-nold, Elizabeth Arnold; Harrison An-
derson, 1835; Squire Bowen, 1814; James C. Bo wen, 1814: Ste-
phen Barnes, 1830; D. Bowles, George Bowles, Henry Bailey,
Stanton Bailey: James Cammack, 1815; John Cammack, 1810;
Reuben Clark, 18111; Abner Cadwallader, 1833: Thomas Cad wal-
lader, 1833; John W. Clark, ISSti; Richard Corbott, Daniel
Comer, W. T. Chenoweth; Charles Crist, 1854; John Clark;
Mitchell Campbell. ^K>()■ Ira Cadw.allader, (833; Alliwi Davis

(colored), 1833; Frederick Fulghum, 1821; John Foster. Joshua
Foster: Orpha Griffin, 18:i0; Philip Hockett; William Hunt,
1844; Thomas Hough, 1844: John W. Hill (born), LS:!!!; Jere-
miah Horn, 1.S20; William Hill, 1823; P. Holland (colored),
l.S:i3; John James, 1S17; James Jackson; James Kelly. 1N42:
William Locke, 1828; William Lewis. 1833: Ezokiei Lewis
(colored). 18:i2: F. G. Morgan, 1830; K. H. Morgan, IS51):
Henry McDonald, iS5'.); Samuel F. Middletou; Thomas .Middle-
ton, 18:S(); John Mann, 1820; William A. Macy, 1S;!3; Issac
Mann, 1810; Malachi Nichols, 181(i; Issac N. Nichols, (Cornel-
ius Overman; Ei^raim Overman, 1814; Eli Overman, 1815;
William Osborn; Thomas AV. Parker, 1814; Jesse Parker, Thomas
Parker, Margaret Parker, James Peale, John Peale; John Ran-
dlo (colored), 1833; Jesse Small, 1815; Obadiah Small, 1815;
David Semans, 1825; Joseph Shaw. 1831; Stockdale, 1835; Col-
lier Simpson (colored), Mi's. Small; John W. Thomas, 1814; Wil-
liam Taylor, 1.s:30; Clark AVilkutts, 1811; Windsor Wiggs, 1820;
AVillis C. Wilmore, 1831.

)WNSHIP, 1>

■:,{\>

John Bone, 73; Anna A. Bone, 75; Bhoda Boots, 7('); AVill-
iam McCracken, 72; Susanna Myers, 74; Zebulon Cantrell, 72;
John Ford, 77; Eleanor Hubbard, 73; Thomas Hubbard, 70;
Stanton Jones, 7('); Rebecca Jones, 70; Margaret Jarnagin, 81 ;
Julia H Lipe,70; James G. McProud, 77; Hannah G. McProud,
74; Mary Thornburg. 74; Jose])h F. Vicki'oy, 71t; John Wood-
Population of Green Tosvnship, 1,040; Fair-.iow, 100; total.

1,140.

Eighteen persons over seventy years. Total ages,
Average age, 75.8; one aged person to eveiy 03.3.

Oldest person in townshiji, Margaret Jarnagin, 81 yean

,354.

Caroline Bergwitz, 81 ; Elizabeth Engle, 71; Lucinda Janes,
82;, AVilliam McFarland. 82; Jane N. Porter, 80; Robert Star-
buck, 74; Elizsiboth Sims, 74: Pardon Sherman. 78; Mary Sher-
man, 74; John Ullam, 82; Elizabeth AVood, 71).

Papulation of Ridgeville, 775; Franklin, 874; total, 1,04'.).

Number of old [.ersons. 11; total ages, 857; average, 77.1);
one to 150; oldest person in township, John Ullam, eighty-two
years

AVilliam Addington, 70; Sarah Alexander, 75; John Beara,
70; Mary Baugh, 78; Malinda Bergman, 75; Rosella Bai'ber.
73; Elkanah Brouse. 73; Nancy Brouse, 70; Elizabeth Cole, 75:
Amelia Courtney, 75; Mary Courtney, 77; James T. Evans, 70;
Zilpha Evans, 73; Perry Fields, 70; Millie Fields, 75; .Jacob
Hotmere. 84; Christina Hotmere, 72; Clarissa Halo, 70: Mary
Hindsley, 75; George Kemp. 75; Sarah Lollar, 72: AVilliatn
Montgomery, 81; Andrew McCartney, 75; Sarah MoCift'tney. 75;
Burkett Pierce. 87; Jane Ross. 75; Sarah Ronbarger, 73; Tem-
ple Smith. 73; Philip Shivoling. 77; Priscilla Smith, 71; Bar-
bara Si]ie. 75; Barbara Sipe, 74; Caspar Stick. 70; John Sipe.
74; LydiaSt. Clair, 74; Mary Sipe. 70; Marv AVhitoneck. SO;
Ja.son"AVhipple. 78.

Population of Deertiold. 102; Saratoga, 13'"); Randolph, 54;
AVard Township, 1.570; total, 1,802.

Old persons, 38; ages, 2.835; average, 74.0; one to 4!);
oldest person in township, Bm-kott Pierce, eighty-seven years.

Jacob Corl. 74; Elizabeth Corl, 73; Daniel Cobleutz, 74:
Ezekiel Clough, 7'^; Thomas Devor, 77; John Gittinger, 70:
John Hoke, 70; Jacob Johnson, 87; Mary Johnson. 85; Jacob
Mangus, 78; Elizabeth Mangus, 72; James Porter. 78; Hannah
Porter. 74; Cathai'ine Sutton, 87; Michael Shank, 1)5; Joseph
Sutton, 70; William Sutton, 72; Aaron Simmons, 70; AVilliam
Stokesburv, 72; Henry Wevrick, 75.

Populiition of Now Pittsburg, 80; Jackson Township. 1,2!)1);
total, l,37i».

Number of old settlers. 20; total ages, 1.531; .iverage, 70.5;
one to 0',); oldest person, Michael Shank, ninety-live years.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Gessine Able, 70; Jacob Bennett, 70; Mary Blackman, 70;
Isaac Clifton, 71 ; Sarah Conklin, 78 ; Ezra Coddington, 73; Silas
Dixon, 73; Joel Elwell, 73; Francis Frazier, 78; Lutitia Fra-
zier, 7(S; Julia Fleming, 71; Peter Hoover, 74; John Hartman,
70; Rebecca Harris, 74; Clarence Keister, 71; Robert Murphy,
75; Mary Miller, 71; William Pickett, 78; Mary Pickett, 73;
Margaret Scott, 74; Susan Woodbury, 74.

Population — South Salem, 31 ; Bartouia, 33; Harrisville, 112;
Wayne Township, 1,710; Union. 2,478; total, 4,370.

Old pe"sons, 21; ages, ],r>40; average, 73.0; one to UO.
Oldest persons in township, Francis Fnizier, 78; Lutitia Frazier,
7S; William Pickett, 78.

Issac Burkett, 77; Sarah Baker. 78; Jacob Baker, 77; Uriah
Ball, 73; Simeon Branham, 73; George W. Burge.ss, 72; Horace
Dwinell, 70; John Fisher, 88; Jane Fisher, 77 ; Rachel Fitzsim-
mons, 78; Eleanor Farley, 70; Dennis Faley, 70; James Hook,
73; Isrum H. Ingle, 84; Rhoda Ingle, 80; (.atharine Masslich,
70; John McMahan, 74; Robert Pogue, 77; Eleanor Ruby, 73;
Nancy Stevenson, 77; James Thorn, 76; Eleanor Thorn, 78.

Population of Union City, 2,478.

Old persons, 22; ages, l.T)',),"); average, 72."); one to 112.0.
Oldest person in city, John Fisher, eighty-eight years.

Williams Austin, 73; Andrew Aker, 77; Hannah Aker, 74;
Edgar Bowser, 70; Sally Bowser, 70; Salina Boohr, '.»]■ John
Cox, Sr.,77; Hopsy Cox, 72; Eli Edwards, 72; Isaac Engle, 75;
George Hyatt, 74; Lucinda Hyatt, 72 : John Harvey, 70; Robert
S. Hogemann, 75; Aggie Hawkins, 70; Millie Harvey, 70; Ens-
ley Jones, 70; Margaret Johnson, 79; Thomas Johnson, 72;
Philip Kabol, 70; David Lasley, 80; Hannah Lasley, 70; Jacob
Muckey, 78; Mary McCrista, 7'J; Mar}- A. Mosor, 70; Michael
Moser, 70; Catharine Moser, 70; Louis Neff, 70; Sarah Oland,
75; Luddy Pegg, 71: Tyre T. Puckett, 70; Mary Pugh,70; John
Pickett, 71; Thomas Pierson, 81; Ann Pierson, 73; Lydia Pierce,
7(!; Mary Pegg, 73; Rachel Rynard, 84; WilliamRetz, 73; Mary
Ramsey, 75; Charles Summers, 73; Durant Smith, 78; James
Segraves, 84; Isaac Wright, 71; Willis C. Wilmore, 79; Sarah
Wilmore, 77.

Population- -White River, 3,288; Buena Vista, 30; Unions -
port, 37; Maxvillo, 62; Winchester, 1,065; total, 5,388.

Old persons, 4t) ; ages, 3,434; average, 74.7; one to 77. Old-
est person in township, Salina Boohr, ninety-six years.

Esther Aker, 73; Louisa Brown, 73; Minnie Blatchford,
81; Mary Carter, 77; Edward Edger, 70; Jacob Henderson, 70;
John Hallowell, 70; James Moorman. 85; Henry Miller, 70;
Daniel B. Miller, 82; Rebecca Payne, 82; Willis Perry. 8(); Al-
fred Rossman, 72; Mary Reeder. 84; Nancy Swain, 7U; Judith
-Way, 73; Jesse Way, 72; L. Way, 70.

Population, 1,005.

Old persons, 18; ages, 1,375; average, 74.16; one to lO'J.
Oldest person in city, Willis Perry (colored), eighty-six.

Jacob Arbagast, 70; Leonard Boyce, 70; William Broderick,
70; Ellen Cox, 78, Calvin Cecil, 72: Nancy (Jecil, 73; James
Cecil, 70; Eli Hiatt, 78; Hannah Hunt, 70; Joseph Hewitt, 72;
Sarah Hewitt, 75; Elizabeth Harrison, 71; Barbai-a Howland,
05; Susannah James, 76; John Johnson, 70; Sarah Johnson, 75;
Abigail McGuire, 73; Elizabeth Miller, 73; Nancy McNoes, 70;
Catharine Miller, 72; Elizabeth Roberts, 81.

Population — Farmland, G08; Parker, 200; Monroe Township,
1,022; tota:, 1,800.

Old persons, 21; total ages, 1,587; average ago, 75.5; one
to 05. Oldest in township, Elizabeth Roberts, 81 years.

Isaac Amburn, SIO; John H. Bond, 71; George A. Carman,
71; Elizabeth Cannau, 72; Jacob Driver, 73; John H. Denton,

70; Ruth Faulkner, 71; Elizabeth Helun, 70; William C.
Holmes, 77; Elizabeth Holloway, 72; Catharine Hiatt, SO; Es-
ther Lynch, 75; John McNees, 74; Hannah Meriweather, 72;
Mary Moore, 71; Benjamin Pugle, 71; Ira E. Smithson. 80;
Amos Smith, 80; John Service, 71; Mary Service, 74; Susanna
Thornburg, 83; Job Thombm-g, 78; Joab Thornburg, 85; Eliz-
abeth Thornburg, 85; Sarah Terrell, 77; Mary A. Weaver, 70;
Solomon R. Wright, 78; Margery Wright, 82.

Population— AVindsor, 134; Stony Creek, 1,206; total, 1,338.

Old persons, 28; ages, 2,138; average 76.4; one to 47.8;
oldest person in township, Isaac Ajuburn, ninety years.

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

Thomas Bookout, 73; Nancy Bookout, 71; Hugh Bailey, 75;
Joshua Chamness, 73; Rebecca Chamness, 71; Susan Diggs, 72;
John Grubbs, 86; Mary Grubbs, 76; Nancy Gilmore, 75; Wilk-
erson Gray, 78; Joshua P. Hunt, 74; Miles Hunt, 71; Antony
Johnson, 80; Elizabeth Johnson, 85; Hannah Lamb, 75; Theo-
dore Lamb, 80; Elizabeth Milton. 73; Jsicob Mulf ord, 72 ; Will-
iam Oakerson, 70; William Snodgrass, /O; Martha Shires, 70;
Sarah Segraves, 77; Wood Weaver (colored), 72; Margaret

Win

, 73.

Population — Losantville, 52; Nettle Creek Township, 1,417;
total, 1,460.

Old persons. 24; ages, 1,708; average, 75; one to 60. Old-
est person in township, John Grubbs, eighty-six years.

WEST BIVEB TOWNSHIP.

Nancy Adamson, 71; Jane Brewer, 72; William Butler, 76;
Reuben Bias, 70; Elizabeth Clark, 73; William Chamness, 87;
Elizabeth Earawas, 79; Michiiel Grace, 75; Jonathan Hunt, 70;
Matilda Hoover, 70; Andalusia Harvey. 79; John Jenkins, 70;
Peter Ladd, 75; Martha Lamb, 72; George Moore, 71; Sarah
Macy, 75; Lydia Maxwell, 75; Elizabeth Mann, 71; Martha
Mendenhall, 79; John Porter, 70; Martin Scott, 79; Beulah
Starbuck, 86; Ira Swain, 70; Aaron Schmuek, 70.

Population — Huntsville, 163; West River Township, 1,634:
total, 1,797.

Old persons, 24; total ages, 1.785; average, 74.6 years;
one to every 75. Oldest person in township, William Chamness,
eighty-seven years.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

Lydia Ashby, 78; Simon Adamson, 73; Sarah Bnimtield, 78;
Rebecca Bales, 73 ; Jacob Bales, 73 ; ElenBond, 78; Sarali Bax-
ter, 79; Sara Bodie, 79; James Blansett, 73; Caleb Cogshall, 82;
Margaret Cogshall, 75 ; Catharine Daly, 75; .Susan Fudge, 72;
Philip Farmer. 73; Hillery Green, 77; Mary A. Green. 80; Eliz-
abeth Gordon. 73; Nancy Hinshaw, 79; MartinL. Hardwick, 77;
Elizabeth Hardwick, 72; Rachel Harrold, 76; Ann Hinshaw, 74;
Silas Johnson. 78; Rachel Jeffries. 73; Mary Lykens, 74; Mosos
Lasley, 70; Anna Lykins, 76; Jesse Mills, 70; Deborah Mills,
70; Benjamin Miller, 73; Rebecca Miller, 77; Lutitia Neal, 78;
Susanna Puckett. 72; Rebecca Phillips, 77; Deborah Rockhill.
87; Isaiah Rogers, SO; William Rash, 02; EliReece, 70; Phcebo
Stout, 82; Jesse Stetler. SO; Sarah C. Sharji, 87 ; Daniel Thomas,
80; Mary Thomas, 75; Hiram Wilkie, 70; Mary E. York, 80.

Population — Lynn, 239 ; Bloomiugport, 141 ; Rural, 37;
township, 1,922; total, 2.339.

Old persons, 45; ages, 3,463; average, 77; one to 52. Old-
est person in township, William Rash, ninety-two yeare.

QBEENSrOKK TOWNSHIP.

Charlotte Arhart 75; William Benson, 74; Malinda Brown,
71; Squire Boweu, 75; Lydia C. Banks, 81; James C. Bowen,
78; Mary Cook, 75; Maria Cotman, 80; Charles Crist, 79; Mary
Crist, 70; Keturah B. Chenoweth, 76; James Clark, 75; Esther
Dempsey,71; Baker Elliot, 70; Jesse Flood, 70; Stephen Grave,
70; Thomas Hough, 73; Elizabeth Hammond, 79; James N.
Hart, 73; Mazania Horn, 70; Enos Hiatt, 74; Samuel Kesler,
70; Robert G. Kinsev, 70, William Locke, 75; Hannah Locke,
72; WilHamB. Lewis, 70; Thomas A. Middleton, 80; William
Moore, 70; Abraham Manning, 84; John Mann, 75: Mary Mc-
Donald, 70; Hannah Morgan, 80; Levitt Mitchell, 71; Nanoy

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

121

Newbem, S5; Philip Penniiii^^on, 72; David Pierson, 80; Mar-
garet Parker, 73; John Randle, 84; Priscilla Shoemaker, 70; El-
nora Slick, 79; William Taylor, 81; Tabitha Taylor, 77; Lucin
da Thompson, 80; Manlove Thomas, 77.

Population— Spartanburg, 209; Arba, 109; township, 1,809;
total, 2,127.

Number of old persons, 44; total ages, 3,308; average age,
75. 2; one to every 48.3. Oldest person, Maria Cotman (colored),
eighty- six years.

CHAPTER IX.

CEMETERIES.

XT is thought that a general account of the cemeteries, their
location, the names of persons buried respectively in each (so
far as can be ascertained from tombstones, or otherwise), with
age, date of death, etc., would be of interest as a piirt of the
general history of the county. It is greatly to be regretted,
however, that so many of tLo pioneers who are known to have
died within the county have no memorial discoverable, by way
of tombstones or otherwise, that may tell to succeeding genera-
tions when, where, how long they lived and acted among men.
We would fain hope that the next ages may show improvement
in this respect, though nothing done as to coming generations
can ever supply the lack of care in the past.

As a rule, the names of persons not less than sixty years old

CEMETERIES — LOCATION.

African Methodist, Section 12, Town 19, Eange 12, Stony
Creek Township; Alexander's, Section 1, Town 16, Range 1,
Greensfork; Arba, Friends, Section 33, Town 16, Range 1,
Greeusfork; Buena Vista, Soction 9 Town 19, Range 13, West
River; Catholic, Union City, Section, 23, Tovm 18, Range 1,
Wayne; Cedar, Friends, Section 26, Town 20, Range 12, Stony
Creek; Cherry Grove, Friends, Section 4, Town 18, Range
14, Washington; Dunkards', Section 13, Town 18, Range

1, Jackson; Dunkirk, Friends, Section 20, Town 20, Range
14, White River; Fairview, Section 4, Town 21, Range 12,
Green; Fountain Park, Section 20, Town 20, Range 14,
White River; Gilead, Disciples, Section 21, Town 10, Range 1,
Greensfork; Griffis family, Sectioo 25, Town 17, Range 1,
Wayne; Hoover's, Section 12, Town 17, Range 1, Wayne; Hope-
well, Protestant Methodist, Section 30, Town 21, Range 13,
Green; Huntsville, Section 28, Town 19, Range 13, West River;
Jericho, Friends, Section 20, Town 20, Range 15, Wayne; John-
son's family. Section 33, Town 18, Range 1. Jackson; Liberty,
Section 32, Town 19, Range 14, Washington; Little Creek,
Baptist, Section 13, Town 18, Range 12, Nettle Creek; Losant-
ville (south). Section 10, Town 18, Range 12, Nettle Creek;
Lynn, Friends, Section 11, Town 18, Range 14, Washington;
Maxville, Methodist, Section 20, Town 20, Range 13, White
River (new one named Woodlawn) ; west of Maxville, Section 20,
Town 20, Range 12, Stony Creek; Mt. Zion, Methodist, Section

2, Town 19, Range 14, White River; Neff, family. Section 33,
Town 20, Range 14, White River; N. Dayton, Section 35, Town
21, Range 13, White' River; N. Lisbon, Disciples, Sections 11
and 12, Town 18, Range 1, Jactaon; Peacock's, family. Section
10, Town 20, Range 15, Wayne; Pittsburg, Section 6, Town 21,
Range 15, Jackson; Pleasant Hill, east of North Salem, Section

3, Town 21, Range 15, Jackson; Pleasant Hill, north of Farm-
land, Section 1, Town 20, Range 12, Monroe; Pleasant Ridge,
north of Huntsville, Section 15, Town 19, Range 15, West River;
Poplar Run, Friends, north of Pleasant View, Section 12, Town
19, Range 12, Stony Creek; Prospect, Methodist, Section 24,
Town 21, Range 14, Ward; Rehoboth, Methodist, northwest of
Farmland, Section 2, Town 20, Range 12, Monroe; Ridgeville
(old). Section 12, Town 21, Range 13, Franklin; Ridgeville
(new). Section 12, Town 21, Range 13, Franklin; Ritenour's,
Methodist, Section 18, Town 21, Range 14, Ward; Salem,
"Boundary," Section 32, Town 19, Range 13, West River; Sar-
atoga, Section 0, Town 20, Range 15, Ward; Sheets, Section 28,

Town 18, Range 1, Wayne; Smith's, family. Section 5, Town 18,
Range 13, West River; Snow Hill, Section 23, Town 19, Range
14, Washington; Spartansburg, Section 10, Town 10, Range 1,
Greensfork; Steubenville, Section 13, Town 21, Range 12,
Green; Sparrow Creek, Friends, White River: Swingly, south-
east of Windsor, Section 32, Town 20, Range 12, Stony Creek;
Thornburg (Hardshaw), Section 4, Town 20, Range 12, Stony
Creek; Union Baptist (colored), Section 13, Town 19, Range
12, Nettle Creek; Union, southeast of Windsor, Section 5, Town
20, Range 12, Stony Creek; Union Chapel, west of Bloomings-
port, Section 11, Town 18, Range 13, West River; Union City,
Section 26, Town 18, Range 1, Wayne; White River, Friends,
Section 22, Town 20, Range 14, White River; Whitesell's, Sec-
tion 8, Town 20, Range 15, Wayne; Windsor, Section 29, Town
19, Range 12, Stony Creek; Wiggs,' southeast of Spartansburg,
(Norwich, old Quaker cemetery); Winchester, Section 20,
Town 20, Range 14, White River. Thus there are, early or
late, within the bounds of the county, not far from sixty
burial grounds, public or private, besides others, mostly family
grounds, concerning which no information has been obtained.
Some of the cemeteries are in beautiful condition, being cared
for in a neat, tasteful, becoming manner. Many, however, have
been allowed to go out of repair, presenting a melancholy and
forsaken aspect.

John Kays, buried about 1S39, first person buried there.

Lewis Burden, father of " all the Burdens," died January 1,
1848, aged 00 years 5 months.

Benjamin Lewis, father of Ezekiel Lewis, very old, date of
death not known.

Milly, wife of Benjamin Lewis, very old; died perhaps in
1850.

Thornton Alexander, Sr., died September 10, 1851, 72 years.

Ezekiel Lewis, died December 8, 1858, 01st year.

Margaret Shaffer, " Aunt Peggy," died about July, 1805, 05
years.

Mary Davis, wife of Allen Davis; date of death not known,
50 years 0 months.

Collier Simp.son, died October 8, 1805, 70 years.

Mary Ann, wife of Collier Simpson, died December 9, 1805.
00 years,

Sarah A., wife of R. Holly, died December 24, 1800, 85 years.

Allen Davis, died about 1870, 80 years.

Abraham Cotman, died in 1870, 85 years.

Polly Burden, widow of Lewis Burden, died in 1870, sup-
posed to be 100 years old, or even more than that.

Susan Bobbins, wife of Richard Robbins, died January 7,
1877, 52 years.

Richard Robbins, died February 2(), 1878, 78 years.

Silas Burden, died in 1879, 02 years.

Phillip Holland, died about 1872, 83 years.

Cesar Peale, very old, died in the winter of 1880.

DS')

N 33, I

N 10,1

E 1.

Sarah Murray, died September 5, 1846, 05 years.

Henry Horn, died September 8, 1840, 59yeai-s.

Sidney Barnes, died in 1852, 02 years.

Samuel H. Middleton, died July 28, 1850, 02 years.

John W^ Thomas, died April 8, 1859, 72d year, (2d settlor.)

Mary W., wife of Oljed Macy, died December 24, 1801, 78
years.

James Ellis, died August 10, 1804, 04th year.

MiUa Ellis, died October 1, 1804, 65 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Parker, died May 31, 1805, 05th
year.

James Lewis, died October 0, 1805, 70th year.

Isaac Clements, died June 13, 1806, 70 years.

Elizabeth Clements, died January 23, 1868, 74th year.

Paul Newbum, died August 16, 1860, 02d year.

Benjamin Moorman, Sr., October 6, 1866, 84 years.

Mary Cadwallader, died February 13, 1867, 65 years.

Jeremiah Horn, died -July 27, 1869, 60 years.

122

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Rachel, wife of Harman Bailey, died July 15, 1870, 00 years.

James Longfellow, died September 6, 1871, 71 years.

John Tharp, died December 3, 1871, 80th year.

Richard Corbitt, died May 1, 1872, 74 years.

Sarah, wife of Edward Thomas, died October 17, 1872, 100
(said also to be 104) years.

Edward Thomas, died March 9, 1873, 80 years.

Hiram Hill, died March 17, 1873. 00 years.

Lemuel Wasson, died March 0, 1873, 76th year.

Jabez Hiatt, died Jiine 21, 1874, 00 years.

Rachel, wife of Benjamin Elliot, died June 20, 1875, 61 years.

William Chenoweth, died October 18, 1876, 74 years.

Edward Thomas, died January 11, 1877, 78th year.

Wesley Harmon, died March 6, 1877, 05th year.

Anna, wife of John Tharp, died September 27, 1877, 83d year.

Seth Gardner, died March 12, 1878, 7lBt year.

S. W. Maines, died July 18, 1878, 63d year.

Jacob Horn, died November 10, 1878, 71st year.

Elizabeth, wife of James C. Bowen, died February 17, 1879,
00 years.

Didamia, wife of Joseph Skinner, died April 30, 1879, 77th
year.

Jemima, wife of William A. Macy, died May 24, 1879, 75

Ailsey, wife of L E. Moore, died July 3, 1879, 74 years.
Martha Wiggs, date of death not stated.
William Wiggs, date of death not given.

BARTONIA CEMETERY, WATNE, SECTION 20, TOWN 17, RANGE 1.

Balsor Cramer, died July 23, 1803, aged 63 years.
Benjamin Bright, died February 24, 1870, 66th year.
James L. Bright, died February 26, 1870, 70th year.
Matilda Trammel died December 12, 1871, 64 years.
I. W. Trammel, died March 5, 1872, 72 yeaiB.
Abigail Bright, died January 1, 1875, 05 years, mother of fif-
teen children.

DUENA VISTA CEMETERY (wEST OF THE TOWn), WEST RIVER SECTION 9,
TOWN 19, RANGE 13.

Thomas Gillum, died February 9, 1845, aged GO years.
Jane Gillum, died May 15, 1855, 72 years.
Robert McCracken, died September 23, 1858, 73d year.
Urith McCracken, died August 1, 1861, 74th year.
Elizabeth, wife of James Hurst, died May 29, 1804, 72 years.
Alexander S. Starbuck, Company C, Ninth Indiana Cavalry,
died at Indianapolis September 8, 1805, 18 years.
Thomas Brooks, died January 28, 1808, 78th year.
Fountain Murray, died February 10, 1878, 07 years.

CATHOLIC CEMETERY, UNION CITY, IND. , TWO MILES NORTH, SECTION 23,
TOWN 18, RANGE 1.

The Catholics have a cemetery two miles north of the city,
on the Salem Pike, embracing a suitable <piantity of land to
answer the pm-posos of burial for many years to come. The
ground seems well suited to the end intended, being dry and
rolling, and capable of the adornment suitable for so sacred a spot.
The location is greatly retired, one would think rather too much
so for readiness of access, since the distance from town re-
quires n journey of two miles from the church for every inter-
ment; however, the road thither is always in good condition.

A large congregation of Catholics reside at Union City, on
both sides of the line, and in the vicinity, and many burials oc-
cur among that class of our fellow citizens.

Ferdinand Wiese, died January 11, 1801. aged 63 yeai-s.

Patrick Ragan, died October 31, 1809, 60 years.

Gertrude Wiese, died May 10, 1872, 73d year.

Joseph Schranz, died November 5, 1874, 02d year.

Thomas Burke, Mayo Countv, Ireland, died November 20,
1878, 50 years.

Daniel Kitty, died October 21, 1879, 04 years.

CEDAR CEMETERY, FRIENDS, STONY CREEK, SECTION 20, TOWN 20, RANGE 12.

Joseph S. Bond, died November 17, 1840, aged 61 years.

Rachel Bond, died October 28, 1842, 62d year.

John Harrold, died November 29, 1840, 92d year.

Phebo Thornburg, died March 14, 1809, 60th year.

Nathan Thornburg, died August 18, 1875, 65th year.

Eunice Bond, died January 24, 1870, 64 years.

William Whittaker, died March 31, 1872, 72d year.

Erastus Lucas, died December 1, lSi2, 02d year.

Elizabeth, wife of Rejiben Medlar, died February 22, 1874,
00 years.

Chai-ity Hubbard, died February 1, 1874, 09 years.

Joseph Hubbard, died September 7, 1878, 75 years.

Esther Fodrea, wife of William, died February 23, 1876,
64 years.

CHERRY GROVE CEMETERY, WASHINGTON, SECTION 4, TOWN 18, RANGE 14.

Thomas Peirson, Sr., died May 1, 1821, aged 85 years.

Samuel Robbins, died Febniary 14, 1837, 74 years.

William Peirson, died August 10, 1831, 70th year.

Edward Thornburg, died December 19, 1834, 83d year.

Elizabeth Peirson, died June 4, 1835, 71 years.

Elizabeth Peirson, died December 31, 1830, 08th yeai-.

Martha Hockett, died February 4, 1839, 78 years.

Mary Harris, died October 7, 1844, 71st year.

John Pegg, died March 13, 1846, 75 years.

Jane Woodard, died December 14, 1840, 74 years.

Lydia F. Watkins. died April 27, 1850, 74 years.

Abram Himt, died September 9, 1851, 07 years.

Mary, wife of Isham Good, died Febrqpry 4, 1853, 07th year.

Alice Frazie, wife of John Frazie, died May 25, 1855, 78
years.

John Frazie, died September 17, 1800, 80 years.

Keziah Thornburg, died February 4, 1801, 92d year.

John Frazier, died September 10, 1801, S2d year.

Jonathan Johnson, died March 14, 1802, 01 years.

Samuel M. Cook, died June 4, 1802, 80th year.

Samuel Hillson, died August 19, 1802, 04 years,

Rachel Marine, died March 25, 1803, 00 years.

Joseph Baxter, died August 22, 1803, 76 years.

Joshua Chamness, died December 19, 1803, 03 years.

Sarah Bond, died June 24, 1804, 75th year.

John E. Ballard, Company F, First Indiana Cavalry, died
October 24, 1804, 29 years.

Phebe Blizzard.died March 15, 1800, 89 years.

Nicholas Garrett, died December 5, 1860, 78th year.

Mary, wife of Isaac Beeson, died January 0, 1807, 78th year.

Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Peirson, died May 3, 1807, 66

Lydia, wife of Joshua Chamness, died July 12, 1867, 75th
year.

Miriam Charles, died March 25, 1867, 66th year.

Martha Peirson, died June 25, 1 807, 78 years.

John Peirson, died February 9, 1808, 77th year.

Andrew Farquhar, died March 8, 1870, 57 yeara

John Marine, died March 17, 1871, 71 years.

Nancy, wife of Samuel Robbins, died September 14, 1871,
8Rth year,

Absalom Dennis, died November 10, 1872, 05 years,

Robert Miller, Sr., died March 22, 1874, 77 years.

David Smith, died July 25, 1874, 02 years.

Sarah B., wife of Clayton Stevenson, died November 5, 1874,
03 years.

Benjamin Hunt, died November 11, 1874, 02 years.

Edward Thornburg, died November 24, 1874, 71st year.

John Ozbun, died April 5, 1877, 83d year.

Clayton Stevenson, died January 10, 1877, 00 years.

Keziah Thombui-g, died April 20, 1877, 71 years.

Meekey, wife of Nathan Hockett, died July 54, 1877, 69 yeara

Elijah Hinshaw, died March 3, 1878, 62 years.

Nathan Hockett, died Augn.st 11, 1878, 80th year.

Margaret, wife of Jesse Stettler, died July 13, 1878, 83 yeare.

Thomas Adamson, died October 13, 1878* 60 years.

Mary, wife of Samuel Hillson, died November 27, 1879, 59th

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

123

- Eebecea Thombrtrg, died November 10, 1880, 76th year.

Elizabeth Hoggatt, bom January 7, 1793; date of death and
age not given.

GERMAN BAPTIST "dUNKAKd" OBMETEBT, NORTH OF TOION CITY, INC.,
JACKSON SECTION 13, TOWN 18, RANQE 1.

Eli Nofiflinger, bom April 6, 1806, died October 8, 1872,
67th year.

Abraham Root, died Jlay 2, 1876, 77 years.

Elizabeth Root, died May 8, 1876, 77th year.

Barbara Flory, wife of John Flory,died August 28, 1876, 73d
year.

George Retry, died October 20, 1876, C2d year.

This cemetery is comparatively new, having been in use some
ten or eleven years only.

DCNKIBK CEMETERY, FRIENDS, THREE AND ONE-HALF MILES WEST OF WIN-
CHESTER, SECTION 26, TOWN 20, RANGE 14.

Great numbers of graves have rough stones, with no inscrip-

W. H., died 1833.

Joseph Puckett, Sr., died November 7, 1835, 51st year.

Mary Pickett,' wife of above, died November 14, 1846, 60
years.

Jesse Green, died September 14, 1838, 60th year.

Sarah, wife of Jesse Green, died September 27, 1873; 102d
year, a widow thirty -five years.

Samuel Ruble, Sr., died October 17, 1839, 62 years.

Rachel, wife of Samuel Ruble, died in October, 1844, 62

James Wright, died July 24, 1851, 55th year.

John Wright, father of Solomon Wright, died November 13,
1851, 77th year.

Sarah, wife of Walter Ruble, died Januaiy 22, 1852, 60th year.

Catharine, vrife of Stephen Hofifman, died October 27, 1852,
63 years.

Stephen Hofifman, died October 17, 1868, 86 years.

Emsen Wright, died November 22, 1853, 56 years.

Rachel Wright, died May 29, 1857, 56 years.

John IJemor)', died November 9. 1860, 76 years (colored).

Lecy, wife of William Thomas, died, October 9, 1860, 61st

Solomon Reynard, died January .5, 1861, 63d year.

Nancy, wife of Willis Perry (colored), died September 1,
1862.

Epitaph. — " I was a slave, freed by a lawsuit prosecuted by
David White, the Quaker. May God bless his name! My hus-
band's freedom was bought for $675. He made the money on
rented land. Who of you that tauntingly say of my race, "They
can't take care of themselves,' have done better?"

Rachel, wife of Levet Ruble, died August 16, 1864, 54th year.

Levet Ruble, died Januai-y 19, 1871, 66th year.

Martha, wife of William Tocus, died September 17, 1866, 66th

Elder Zaohariah Puckett, died April 1, 1867, Qlst year.

Elizabeth Hufi&ier, died March 21, 1879, 60 years

Ruth Green, died March 10, 1880, 74th year.

Dunkirk Graveyard is one of the oldest in the county. It is
full of graves, and doubtless contains the bodies of many old
settlers. It has, however, but very few tombstones, and the
places of burial of these ancient pioneers can never be known.
Great numbers of rough, unlettered stoups are found thickly set
over the cemetery, and many unnoted hillocks raise their melan-
choly heads above the consecrated ground, but they yield no
token of the one who may chance to lie buried deep beneath
them. Why should it be thus? And shall this state of things
continue through the ages to come? God fbrbid!

FAIRVIEW CEMETERY. GREEN, SECTION 4, TOWN 21, RANGE 12.

Robert McKinney, aged 61 years.
Joseph McKenney; Revolutionary soldier, 90 years.
Elizabeth, wife of Nathan Godwin, died July 24, 1843, 59th
year.

John Miller, died April 15, 1856, 61st year.

Samuel McClure, died in November, 1858, 75 years.

Catharine Hall, died December 1, 1860, 90 years,

Elizabeth Gilbert, died May 4, 1801, 63d year.

Thomas J. Rees, killed at Pittsburg Landing April 7, 1862,
Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, 21st year.

Barbara McClure, died December 31. 1862, 80 years.

James Campbell, Sr., died January 24, 1863, 71 years.

Abigail, wife of Rev. Abner Wolverton, died August 6, 1863,
52d year.

Marvel G, Street, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died at
Murfreesboro, Tenn,, April 22, 1863, 35 years.

Eliza, wife of Moses Friddle, died October 14, 1863, 63d year.

James Sullivan, died August 20, 1864, 63 years,

Ailcey, wife of James Sullivan, died July 6, 1868, 64 years.

Thomas A. Gustin, Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Indiana, died October 20, 1864, 34 years,

Oliver Sullivan, Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana, died
July 13, 1864, 25 years,

Loring B, Morris, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died
November 15, 1864, 21 years.

Franklin L. Keever, Company E, Nineteenth Indiana, died
April 12, 1865, 25 years.

Alfred Evans, Company H, One Hundred and Thirtieth, Indi-
ana, died April 9, 1865, 34 years.

Michael Goons, died December 4, 1865. 68th year.

Catharine, wife of Joshua Coram, died February 26, 1867, 74

Eli Jarnagin, died April 22, 1867 (soldier), 23 years.
Randall Lockbart, died May 27, 1867, 65 years.
Elizabeth, wife of John Bone, died October 20, 1867, 61 years.
Elizabeth Ulm, died December 23, 1867, 76 years.
Susannah, wife of George Sites, died October 25, 1818, 60

Adam Keener, died December 3, 1869, 89th year.
Rhoda, wife of Rev, Elijah Harbour, died July 15, 1870, 82
years.

Rev, Elijah Harbour, died Seytember 13, 1872, 84 years.
Pradence, wife of T. G. Harris, died September 15, 1871- 72

A.' B. Webb, died December 20., 1872, 61 years.
Antony W. McKinney (war of 1812), born in Kentucky in
1794, and died August 26, 1873, 79 years.

Caleb Manor, died July 21, 1874, 68th year.

John Life, Sr,, died March 30, 1875, 75th year,

Joel Wilson, died April 1, 1875, 70th year.

William Rees, died May 9, 1875, 69th year.

Jacob Wise, died June 8, 1875, 77th year.

Nathan Godwin, died November 3, 1875. 96th year.

Charles May, died September 18, 1876, 84th year.

Rebecca, wife of John Campbell, died Oct 25, 1879, 61 years.

Laban Hickman, died January 7, 1877, 70 years.

Isabel Beekman, died March 6, 1877, 59th year.

T. C, Harris, died March 22. 1877, 78th year.

Robert N. Judy (soldier), died September 4, 1877, 32 years.

FOUNTAIN PARK CEMETERY, WINCHESTER.

Three different burial-places have been set apart in the vicin-
ity of Winchester for the use of her citizena

First Cemetery. — Charles Conway in 1834, established a
graveyard near and east of the lot now occupied by the Christian
(Disciple) Church, The intention had been to locate the burial
ground east of Salt Creek, but for some reason that was never

The place was on some accounts unsuitable, and most that
have been buried there were afterward removed.

Second Cemetery. — In 1844, David Heaston permitted the
use of a spot southwest of town, in a bend of Mud Creek.

This ground, though in use as a cemetery for thirty-six years,
was most unfit for the purpose. The soil was wet, and to drain
it was nearly an impossibility; yet several additions were made,
two by A. J. Neff, who owned the lands adjoining, and one by
Mr. Heaston himself.

124

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The lirst addition was 151ix227i feet in size, and contained
seventy-seven lots, and was recorded August 22, 1862. The
second addition was made by A. J. Neflf, on the south side, con-
sisting of thirty-six lots, recorded July 19, 1807.

The third addition also was donated by A. J. Nefif, on the
north and east sides, containing 120 lots, and recorded Aiigust
14, 1870. But the citizens wore uni-econciled to the inconven-
Jenci« of the place, and, while on the one hand many took the
Ijodies of their fi-iends elsewhere for biu-ial, on the other ofiForts
were made to obtain a more suitable location.

In 1877, a petition signed by iive-eighthsof the tax-payers of
the place was presented to the town authorities, praying prompt
action by them upon the matter.

A committee of nine persons was ajipointed, three from each
ward, to wit: First Ward, A. Stone, A. Teal. J. J. Cheney;
Second Ward, .J. M. Hodsou, R. Bosworth, L. W. Study; Third
Ward, T. W. Kizer, J. M. Carver, J. W. Diggs. This move-
ment proved a failure, and the committee never reported
Shortly afterward Gen. Asahel Stone purchased grounds of Chris-
tian Heaston, south of town, comprising forty acres, at a cost of
$4,000; had it surveyed and platted inabaost cimous and pictur-
esque manner at a further outlay of 1300; and, on the first day
of March, 1880, he, in conjunction with his worthy wife, exe-
cuted a deed of the property, under the name of " Fountain
Park Cemetery," to the town of Winchester, under a suitiible
Board of Control, and with regulations intended and adapted to
secure neatness, taste, beauty, quiet, and every proper character-
istic of a resting-place for the dead, naming also three pereons
as a Board of Control, viz., Asaiiel Stone, H. H. Neli' and T. W.
Kizer.

The gift was thankfully accepted by the Trustees of the town,
and, on the M day of July, 1880, the tract was dedicated as a
bui'ial ground in perpetuity, in the presence of a large and in-
terested assembly.

Addi-essos wore delivered by Rev. B. F. Foster, Rev. A. I.
Luollan and Hon. T. M. Browne. The addresses were worthy
of the occasion The one delivered by Gen. Browne especially
was a gem of the rarest kind. Utterances found therein are
worthy to be engraved in imperial marble, and set in memorial
archways above the entrance to the consecrated ground in which
repose the moldering bodies of oui- loved and lost.

"Is it true, as some would teach us, that we are all afloat on
a trackless sea, with neither chart nor compass to direct nor to
guide, at the mercy of the winds and the waves, simply di-ifting,
ilrifting aimlessly and hopelessly until some fierce storm wreck
our vessel and the shattered bark go down beneath the fathom-
less waters without the hope of resurrection? True, indeed,

' None, none return from those quiet sliores,
Who cross with tlie bo.atnian cold and pale;

We hear the dip of the golden oars,
And catch the gleam of the snowy sail ;

and then the voyager passes out of sight; but, because we see no
returning sail shall we believe that it has gone down in endless
night? May wo not still haVo faith that it has anchored at the
other shore? * * * I'jjdt spirit is immortal has been the al-
most unchallenged conviction of the master minds of all ages,
and the bed rock of every system of religion. * * * The
profoundost depths of our being respond to this faith in an end-
less life. * * * Let ua aliide therein until the end. * *
* It will cheer us in lite and be our solace in the hour of
death. It will give our lives at all times and in every struggle
a heavenward side.

"I am now done. It seemel to me fit that in this solemn
|)resenco and upon this sacred occasion, I should speak a word
for that faith that lightens the veiy darkness of the tomb. Let
the stones that may be erected in those sacred jirecincts be not
monuments of jiride nor ambition, nor wealth nor even of sor-
row, but rather let them Ije memorials of a people's faith in on
overruling God, and of an endless life beyond the grave."

Thus far, Gen. Browne. His whole address is even more
sentimental, devotional and profoundly religious than those of
the clerical gentlemen who spok(( from the same ]>latfonu on
that interesting occasion.

Many lots have already been purchased, some burials ]>«^«
been made, a few removals from the former burial-tJ-i-''"iid have
been effected, and more are in contoropl.ition xne gift of the
generous donors is duly appreciate! by a grateful community,
and future yonra nnd iLjri*. will ^.i-oe-r-s-o and revere their memory.
It may be not amiss to remark that the whole amount of funds
to be received from the sale of lots, etc., above the expense of
attendance is to be applied to imi)roving and beautifying the
hallowed spot, that the ideal of the generous donors may be com-
pletely realized, and that the sacred inclosure may come to be,
as swiftly pass the rolling years, still more and more worthy the
cultured and refined sentiment of an intelligent, sympathetic,
Christian people.

E 14.

N 29, TOWN 20,

Ezra Stone, Iwrn May 11, 1791, and died August 23, 1848,
57 years; removed from old cemetery.

Rebecca, wife of William Badgley, died February 2, 18!J9.
86 years; removed from old cemetery.

Eliza Kizer, died Mai'ch 6, 1867, 67 years; removed from old
cemetery.

Margery, wife of Elias Kizer, died October 30, 1809, 70
years; removed from old cemetery.

Joseph A. Badgley, died July 14, 1868, 08 years; removed
from old cemetery.

Elijah Stevens, died October 15, 1869, 62 years; removed
from old cemetery.

Abigail, wife of Joseph A. Badgley, died January 27, ISS],
82 years. .

John Jenkinson, removed from old cemeteiy.

Mi's. Jenkinson, wife of above, removed from old cemetery.

Moorman AVay, died August 17, 18X1, 73 years.

Mre. Way, wife of above, removed from old cemetery.

]VIrs. Goodrich, long time widow of Hon. E. B. Goodrich,
diet! in September, 1X81, about 80 years.

QlLE.^D CEMETEay, OREENSFOUK, section 21, TOWN 10, RAN'GE 1.

Joseph Shaw, May 6, 1857, 64 voars.

Sarah Shaw, March 10, 1860, ()2 years.

Joseph Smith, October 5, 1857, 77 years.

Rebecca Smith, September 14, 1869, 83 years.

Susannah, wife of Uriah Ball, September 4, 1864, 51) years.

David Kinsev, October 17, 1865, 85 years.

Fannie Elliot, July 25, 1867, 63 years.

Miles Elliot, Ajiril 6, 1880, 84 years.

Hannah, wife of Peter Deverage, July 20, 1868, 67 years.

Samuel Armstrong, August 31, 1809, 72 years.

Rebecca Horner, April 20, 1873, 82 years.

Miriam Clark, August 2, 1875, 66 years.

Pharaoh Clark, February 21, 1877, 73 years.

Elizabeth Gray, February 22, 1X78, 73 years.

OBlFFIS CEMETERY, WAYNE, SECTION 25, TOWN 17, KANGE 1.

James Griffis, October 1, 1859, 61 yeai-s.

Mai-garet Grifiis, Februiu-y 2, 1809, 54 years.

George Elston, Januaiy 8, 1872, 59 yeai'S

Elizabeth Elston, February 6, 1872, 53 years.

George McClmo, about 1870, 65 years.

Mrs. McClure, about 1875, 70 years.

The above is only a private burying giunnd, on a beautiful
knoll, in the middle of the " Old Griffis Farm," and but few
persons have l^oen buried there.

O AND ONE-HALF MILES SOUTtl OF UNION C
SECTION 12, TOWN 17, RANGE 1.

Sarah wife of John Dixon, March 31, 1842, 51 years.
John Dixon, March 12, 1805, 75 years.
John Anderson, March 4, I860, 65 years.
David Wasson, December 9, 1850, 75 years.
Barbara Hoover, wife of Peter Hoover, April 3, 1852,
years.

Peter Hoover, November 16, 1858, 82 years.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

125

Ostharine Law, December 7, 1852, 82 yeai-s.
Lewis Blackman, Febraary 18, 1850, 62 years.
Dayid Williamson, May 5, 1857, 7(i years.
George Woodbury, Company H, Eighty-fourth Indiana, died
at FrarAlin, Tenn., April 18,1863, 82 years.

Priscilla, wife of John Anderson, January 17, 1863, 77 years.
Flora, wife of David VVasson, December 21, 1805, 84 years.
Nancy, wife of Benjamin Dixon, December 18, 1868, 67

Ann, wife of Ezekiel Pritchard, March 18, 1870, 02 years.
Samuel Downing, M. D., July 7, 1871, 06 years.
Hannah, wife of Abraham Teeter, December 17, 1872, 90
years.

John M. Williamson, May 26, 1874, 62 years.
John Louder, August 25, 1875, 70 years.
Sarah Louder, March 3, 1874, 00 years.
Abner Anderson, December 8, 1877, ()7 years.

HOPEWELL CEMETERY, GREEN, SECTION 31, TOWN 21, RANGE 13.

Ebenezer Walker, May 24, 1852. 77 years.
Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Fansher, August 17, 1853, 05
years.

Daniel Culv*, Sr., April 16, 1854, 82 years.

Samuel French, July 15, 1857, 07 years.

Esther, wife of Samuel French, April 29, 1858, 67 years.

Jacob Tramar, August 1 5, 1867, 03 years.

Rpv. Jonathan Flood, October 22. 1807, 86 yeai-s.

Joseph Gantz, May 18, 1870, 59 years.

Jesge Harrison September 20, 1870, 02 years.

Elizabeth, wife of J. H Smithson, February 10, 1872, 03

Eobert McCracken, June 14, 1872, 01 years.

Sarah, wife of above, December 9, 1874, 02 year.s.

John S. Bunsold, June 10, 1873, 63 years.

Edith, wife of T. M Silvers, August 13, 1873, 00 years.

Malinda Green, November 11, 1874, 05 years.

Julien Green, December 29, 1874, 72 years.

Peter M. Silvers, December 17, 1875, 07 years.

Jacob Bales, May 3, 1875, 70 yeara

Eachel R., wife of above, July 28, 1875, 02 years.

Mary, wife of Philip Wetzel, March 12, 1870, 00 years.

Isaac Holloway, February 23, 1877, 80 yoara

William Cortner, February 24, 1879, 89 years.

Catharine, wife of David A. Green, September 3, 1879, 51

HUNTSVILLE CEMETERY, I

Hl9, I

E 18.

Mary, wife of Col. John Hunt, Fleming County, Ky., April
24, 1843, 74 years.

HughBotkin, February 27, 1851, 00 years.

Catharine Jonefi, March 4, 1851, 80 years.

Sarah, wife of William B. Hunt, October 10, 1855, 85 years.

Nancy Lamb, July 29, 1856, 87 years.

John Lynch, March 31, 1857, 62 years.

Jesse Gaines, November 11, 1859, 80 years.

Lucy, wife of above, September 30, 1863, 81 years.

Elizabeth Jones, July 11, 1859, 63 years.

James F. Jones, husband of the above, Campbell County,
Va., July 17, 1868, 81 years.

Benjamin Harris, June 12, 1863, 75 years.

John Harris, November 26, 1863, 73 years.

Celia B.. wife of above, Aiigust 18, 1878, 74 years.

William Z. Pascall, Company C, Ninth Indiana Cavalry,
died at the hospital, Indianapolis, May 2, 1864,?19 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Jonathan Butler, -July 26, 1864, 81 years.

Jonathan Butler, January 18, 1868, 92 years.

Benjamin Edwards, July 30, 1865, 67 years.

Jesse Z. Paschall, January 11, 1865, 70 years.

William A. Lamb, April 8,1808, 05 years.

Rev. Bazil Hunt, Fleming County, Ky., October 30, 1809,
80 years.

William Miller, born in Donegal County, Ireland, in 1804,
and came to America in 1844; died March 2, 1809, 65 years.

Mary, wife of William Cabei-son, July 27, 1870, 67 years.

Nathan Garrett, October 7, 1871, 05 yeara.

Benjamin G. Lamb, volunteered July 20, 1862, in Com-
pany D, Sixty-ninth Indiana Regiment; discharged Juno 3, 1865,
and died August 29, 1872, 33 years.

William Harris, Campbell County, Va,, March 8, 1873. 70
years.

Jacob Ross, June 30, 1873, 81 years.

Isaac Mann, August 3, 1874, 79 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Bela W. Cropper, October 80, 1875, 81

Bela W. Cropper, died in 1874, Baptist preacher, 83 years.
Rev. William Hunt, 1877, 8(i years.

Laiu-a, wife of Stephen Haines, Jlarch 26, 1878, 73 years.
James Vanlandigham, March 9, 1880, 09 years.
Jericho (Wayne Township, Section 30, Town 20, Range 15).
Rachel Buckingham, September 7, 1844, 70 years.
Joshua Buckingham, October 15, 1854, 85 years.
Mary, wife of Benoni Hill, May 12, 1856, 07 yeiurs.
Benoni Hill, August 20, 1870, 82 vears.
Hannah, wife of Thomas Wells, September 18, 1802, (il
years.

William Nixon, November 13, 1865, 84 years.

Hannah, wife of Simon Cos, October 11, 18()5, 54 years.

Amos Peacock, July 24, 1850, 63 years.

Hannah, wife of Amos Peacock, September 8, 1867, 74 yoai-s.

Benjamin Schooley, May 24, 1867, 78 years.

Aaron K. Schooley, November 12, 1868' 77 yeai's.

John J. Peacock, June 22,1868, 58 years.

J-ohn Price, January 9, 1809, 05 years.

Mariam Cox, wife of Joshua Cox, December 24, 1872, 74

Solomon Hinshaw, February 2, 1872, 55 years.

William B. Cox, April 13. 1873, 72 years.

Henry Hill, May 2, 1874, 83 years.

Avis (Woodard) Hill, August 15, 1875, 79 years.

Amy, wife of Thomas North, April 22, 1875, 70 years.

Thomas North, Juno 8, 1878, 77 years.

Margaret, wife of William B. Cox, July 20, 1870, 75 years.

Hannah, wife of James Smith, December 1, 1877, 75 years.

Jericho is an old burial-ground. Very many graves have
only rough, unmarked stones. Some have initials, with neither
name, age nor date. Is it too late, even yet, to supply the lack
and to betoken the resting-places of the dead, sacrod to affection :'
It is surely something remarkable that a people like the Friends,
BO kind, so loving, so affectionate, so full of veneration for the
departed dear ones, so penetrated with sympathy for the afflicted,
should have, in ages past, felt it incumbent upon them to deny
to their worthy and lamented dead a fitting public memorial u(
the spot of their burial, that the visitors to the sacred inclosuro,
through generations long to come, may feel their hearts bound
as by a solemn and indissoluble tie to the souls of all the noble
and worthy dead that have fallen asleep in Jesiis since first the
forest wilderness began to become the peaceful abode of civilized
Christian men and women. And will they not be convinced at
length that the gentle and tender spirit of Christian love by no
means forbids, but on the other hand, requires and commands
that the memory of the lamented and beloved dead shall he
kept perpetually alive, not merely in the secret heart of the mourn-
ing soul and bereaved comrades left behind, but also by suita-
ble tokens, not costly and for vain show and display, but modest
and appropriate, that future times may learn where lie the mortal
remains of those who were, during their lives, honored and
beloved.

Johnson'' a Burying- Ground (Jackson Township, northea^-t
quarter of Section 33, Town 18, Range 1). — Elizabeth (Simmons)
Noffsingor, wife of John Noffsingor, born April 11, 1878; died
February 3, 1867, 79 years. Her sons were Eli John, Jacob,
Absalom, James, Samuel; her daughters were Cathai-ine, Susan,
Elizabeth, Lydia.

Mary Cromas, wife of Abraham Cromas, October 31, 1849,
59 years.

Abraham Cromas, March 3, 1858, 02 years.

126

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

William Goodman, 1870, 84 years.

Mrs. Jacob Johnson died in the winter of 1880-81, very old.

Jacob Johnson, August, 1881, 87 yeare.

John Johnson, about 1878, 88 years; probably buried here;
no tombstone, however, h.is boon erected.

Liberti/ (two and one-half miles north of Bloom ingsport, Sec-
tion 32, Town 19, Eange 14).— William Rockhill. February 27,
1852, 00 years,

Jes.se Brumfield, August 11, 1855, 57 years.

Jacob B. Mills, bom July 27, 17'J8, and died May 14, 1858,

Ezra Vandegi-iff, March 15, I860, fi4 years.

Daniel B. Johnson, November 3, 1801, Company C, Nine-
teenth Indiana, 20 years.

Hem-y Braroley, November 14, 1802, 00 years.

Letitia, wife of John Wood, November 8, 1803, 02 years.

Jane, wife of J. B. Mills, born February 22, 1789, and died
September 1, 1804, 70 years.

Mary, wife of Pleasant Bales, December 31, 1804, 55
years.

Pleasant Bales, February 8, 1,S65, 54 years.

George W. Daly, February 17, 1868, 75 years.

Christian Rush, April 1, 1808, 05 years.

James Abshire, bjrn August 1, 1777, and died July 18, 1808,
91 years.

Thomas Gordon, October 3, 1808, 02 .years.

John John.son, February 11, 1871, 58 years.

John N. Smith, September 11, 1873, 70 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Aaron Ballard, February 2, 1874, 7<l years.

Little Creek (Maulsby's, Nettle Creek Township, Section 13,
Town 18, Range 12).— Rachel Street, November 1, 1864, 09 years.

Mary, wife of Thomas Maulsby, December 9, 1870, 02 years.

Sarah, wife of Hicks K. Wright, August 5, 1874, 03 years.

Hicks K. Wright, April 10, 1875, 03 years.

Thomas Maulsby, Januaiy 19, 1878, 73 years.

Cemeterij South of LosanfvUle (Section 10, Town 18, Range
12).— Charles Johason, October 22, 1832 (earliest date), 13 years.

Joseph Burroughs, September 13, 1837; not given.

William Crouse, November 30. 1838, 75 years.

Robert Lumpkin, November 12, 1842, 80 years.

Jesse Sisk, April 10, 1845, 68 years.

Catharine, wife of William Crouse, March 15, 1840, 75 years.

Pheriba, wife of Nathan Sisk, August, 1847, 73 years.

Joseph Johnson, March 26, 1848, 02 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Robert Lumi)kin. August 3, 1848,82 years.

Joseph Bookout, August 13, 1855, 09 years.

Paulin Seagrave, May 7, 1857, 02 years.

Reuben Johnson, December 18, 1S58, 08 years.

John Burroughs, September 6, 1802, 70 years.

Mary, wife of Hosea Sisk, Juno 0, 1.S03, 00 years.

Mary, wife of Reuben Johnson, August 11, 18(53, 69 years.

Mary, wife of Jesse Oxley, July 22, 1804, 08 ycais.

Sarah, wife of Joseph Bookout, March 20, 1872, 70 years.

Richard Vanlandigham, May 20, 1872, 72 years.

Damaris, wife of Jesse Chambers, January 3, 1870, 05 years.

Charles BmToughs, March 10, 1870. S2 years.

f.ijini— Friends (Washington Township, Section 11, Town IS,
Range 14). --Samuel Peirson, March 14, 1837, 79 years.

David Kenworthy, May 22, 1JS43, 72 years.

Elizabeth Benson, January 31, 1844, 77 years.

Phebe, wife of Samuel Peirson, January 3, 184S, 80 years.

Moses Farmer, January 23, 1849, 83 years.

Hannah Beard, June 2, 1851, 72 y(3ars.

Sarah Farmer, September IG, ]S53, S3 years.

Paul Beard, Sr., March 14, 1857, 77 years.

Obadiah Harris, Jr., March 5, 1858, 84 years.

Leroy Davis, October 15, 1859, 01 years.

John Moody, October 29. 1800, 72 years.

Mary Moody, September 7, 1802. 00 ycai's.

Thomas Clevinger, November 20, 1800, 08 years.

Isaac Moody, August 3, 18()9, 73 years.

Jen'netta, wife of Lerov Davis, January 28, 1871. 80 years.

PermeHa, wife of M. B. (Julphur, March 24, 1872, 73 years.

Elizabeth H Piatt, November 11, 1874, 04 years.

Reuben Farmer, February 25, 1874, 69 years.

Mary, wife of Thomas Clevinger, June 3," 1875. 75 years.

Agatha, wife of Joho B. Picket, July 29, 1875, 02 years.

Millicent Moody, December 8, 1876, 00 years.

Aaron Rich, July 4, 1877, 71 years.

Note —Lynn Graveyard is an ancient burial-place, and con-
tains the dust of many of the pioneers of Randolph; but rough
stones, or none at all, show whore some of these aged fathers and
mothers lie.

Woodlawn {new, Maxville Township, Green W. Williams, pro-
prietor; 258 lota Location, north side of the pike, opposite the
.,,,.,,„ . ^j Maxville; recorded January 15,

, east half of Section 20, Town 20,
wnship). — Jesse Pursley> December 4,

old Maxville Cemetery, i
1875.

MnxviUe (old and i
Range 13, White River
1862, 87 years.

Robison Mclntyre, September 15, 1871, 85 years.

Mary Mclntyre, October, 1854, 73 years.

Rebecca Mills, October 11, 1872, 78 years.

Morgan Mills, April 30, 1878, 84 years.

Armsbee Diggs, March 9, 1872, 72 years.

Mary Digga, November 14, 1872, 72 years.

Tarlton Moorman, December 30, 1875, 93 years.

Peter S. Miller, January 5, 1876, 67 years.

John Smnwalt, October 10, 1876_, 90 years.

Mary, wife of Solomon Mason, 18/8, 71 years.

Maxville Cemetery would seem to be an ancient burial-
ground, though, for some reason, but few old persons have tomb-
stones therein. One would suppose that many more have been
deposited beneath this hallowed ground, but the earth gives no

Cemetery Weat of Majcville (near the tf)ll-gate. Section 20,
Town 20, Range 12).— Margaret, wife of Thomas Watson, March
18, 1853, 88 years.

Elizabeth Swain, December 30, 1859, 04 years.

Miller's Biiri/ing-Groinid (Schoolhouse No. 0, Wai'd Town-
ship, northeast quarter of Section 23, Town 21, Range 14). —
Lucy Ann Poormau, wife of John Poorman, September 2, 1875,

Joseph Dollar, December 15, 1809, 09 years.

Kindred Smiley, buried at No. 6, Schoolhouse; no toralj-

John Brannoman. buried in the summer of 1880, 82 years; no
tijmbstone.

ML ZioH (White River Township, Section 2, Town 19, Range
14).— Thomas Butts, August 8, 1848. 70 years.

W. E. Fitzgerald, February 15, 1851, 105 years. Revolu-
tionary soldier.

Sarah Fitzgerald, September 7, 1851, 92 years.

Josiah Pennington, January 5, 1852, 79 years.

Alley Pennington, November 2, 1855, 76 years.

Rachel Shockney, September 8, 1855, 67 years.

Susannah, wife of John Haas, August, 1857, 60 years.

Sarah Shockney, October 17, 1862, 59 yeai's.

Charles Shockney, April 7, 1803. 05 years.

James H. Surface, August 1, 1863, 20 years. Company C.
Si.xty-ninth Indiana Regiment.

Jacob L. Fudge, September 8, 1867, 63 years.

Elizabeth, wife of John Ousler, July 7, 1856, 68 yeare.

John Ousler, May 17, 1852, 74 years.

Samuel Shockney, September 23, 1 859, 00 years.

Catharine, wife of Valentine Oyler, July 17, 1873, 79 years.

Valentine Oyler, March 19, 1852, 69 years.

John M. Lucas, August 22, 1869, 00 years.

William Kennedy, December 21. 1876, 77 years.

William Shockney, July 3, 1.S75; 75 years.

John M. Bishop, January 2, 1874, 81 years.

Note— W. E. Fitzgerald, 105 years old, was killed by falling
from a load of oats that he had loaded himself. He was strong
and sprightly, though so old, and, except for this accident, might
have survived for years. Mrs. William Kennedy died in the
spring of 1881, 84 years.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

127

Sarah, wife of John M. Bishop, November 1,1880, 62 years.

Hannah Ireland, February 3, 1864, 63 years.

Elam Ireland, October 31, 1875, 80 years.

"William Eobison, August 29, 1874, 72 years.

Catharine, wife of Peter Forbep, July 12, 1870, 85 years.

Abel Hinshaw, June 11, 1876, 77 years.

Daniel Moore, August 30, 1876, 63 years.

Susan C. Neil, September 28, 1876, 79 years.

Jerusha Stine, October 3, 1876, 66 years.

James W. Stine, October 16, 1876, 64 years.

A^eJT" (near poor-house, Section 33, Town 20, Range 14). —
Susannah, wife of Charles Summers, September 15, 1847, 85
years.

Dennis Kelly, March 29, 1849, 64 years.

Susannah, wife of John Nefi^ October 5, 1854, 80 years.

John Neff, SeptemVier 25, 1856, 85 years.

Mary, wife of Dermis Kelly, September 15, 1866, 77 years.

Polly, wife of Jacob A. White, January 7, 1878, 75 years.
Mrs. Thomas Johnson (sister of Col. H. a Neff), August, 1881,
old. The above would seem to be rather a private family ground,
belonging to the Neffs and their friends, though some of that
name are buried elsewhere.

New Dayton (Bear Creek Graveyard) White Eiver Township,
Section 35, Town 21, Range 13; size, 122 square rods; John Ray,
proprietor; number of lots, thirty-five; recorded September 25,
1872. Bear Creek Graveyard, second addition, John Ray, pro-
prietor; number of lots, 110; Section 35, Town 21, Range 13;
recorded August 11, 1877.— Maj. Brown, April 7, 1855, 63 years.

Catharine, wife of Maj. Brown, April 15, 1855, 71 years.

William Piatt, August 28, 1861, 75 years.

John N. Gettle, Sr., March 29, 1862, 77 years.

Esther, wife of James Stanley, November 22, 1862, 67 years.

John Addington, Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana, Septem-
ber 12, 1864, 23 years.

Dorcas, wife of W. R. Addington, September 8, 1869, 60 years.

William R. Addington, October 5, 1875, 73 years.

Francis Bergwitz, August 16, 1872, 80 years.

David Booher, March 16, 1874, 76 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Walter Ruble, November 11, 1874, 68 yeai-s.

Jane, wife of Salathiel Dodd, February 25, 1875, 76 years.

Robert Stephen, December 29, 1875, 61 years.

Joshua Mattbie, September 25, 1875, 62 years.

John K. Puckett, xMarch 7, 1876. 73 years.

Elizabeth, wife of George W. Smithson, April 4, 1876, 80 years.

John Winship, September 7, 1876, 82 years.
—-Elizabeth, wife of Luke Hollowell, October 8, 1877, 62 years.

Margaret Manser, December 5, 1877, 77 years.

Walter Ruble, December 8, 1878, 89 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Joshua Maltbie, June 29, 1879, 55 years.

New Lisbon (new, Charles Trine, President Lisbon Cemetery
Company; 601 lots; Section 11, Town IS, Range 1, across the
pike from tlie Lisbon Church, in Jackson Township; recorded
October 5, 1875.

Note — -The old cemetery is a short distance south of the new
one, and on the other (the east) side of the highway.

A'^eu) Lisbon (Disciples,' Jackson Township, Sections 11 and
12, Town 18, Range 1).— Julia Sutton, October 1, 1849, 55 years.

Cornelius Sutton, bom June 20, 1780, and died August 30,
1859, 79 years.

Mary Boles, November 26, 1850, 76 years.

George Debolt, June 20, 1853, 60 years.

RachelDebolt, December 30, 1861, 65 years.

James Ferrill, October 3, 1854, 72 years.

Elizabeth Ferrill, March 26, 1857, 73 years.

Samuel W. Hughes, January 5, 1856, 72 years.

Rachel Wickersham, September 15, 1855, 70 years.

James Wickersham, October 7, 1873, 93 years.

Rev. Thomas Wiley, September 23, 1862, 52 years.

Rachael Banta, February 6, 1863, 59 years.
"^ David Banta, October 6', 1867, 71 years.

Betsey Lambert, January 26, 1865, 74 years.

Jonathan Lambert, bom January 15, 1819, and died Sep-
tember 24, 1869, 71 yeara

Andrew Stone, Febmary 2, 1866, 81 years.

Peter Yeiser, March 27, 1867, 65 years.

Mary Yeiser, January 29, 1871, 72 years.

Lucinda Thomson, wife of J. Thomson, October ' 24, 1876,
64 years.

James Reeves, 1874; old; ten children, six living.

Norwich (old Quaker, near C. Crist's, southeast of Spartans-
burg, Section 15, Town 16, flange 1). — This cemetery was estab-
lished in 1825, and is still in use for purposes of burial. A
large number have been interred here, but only a few old persons
have tombstones, as follows:

Aaron Adams, 70 years.

Esther Miers, 1870, not given.

Samuel Ruby, not old.

James Moore, October, 1875, 99 years.

Hannah, wife of James Moore, April 20, 1869, 85 years.

John Randle (colored), September 27, 1881, 85 years.

Windsor Wiggs, 1856, 63 years.

Sarah, wife of Windsor Wiggs, August 4, 1881, 84 years.

Like some other cemeteries in this region, it lies in the midst
of a farm, nearly half a mile from any public highway, and with
no avenue of entrance.

Peacock Graveyard (one and a half miles northeast of Jericho
Meeting-house, Section 30, Town 20, Range 15). — Abram Pea-
cock, 1833, over 70 years.

Aaron Hill, 1855, over 80 years.

Amy Cox, 1850, over 80 years.

David Lyle, 1850, over 60 years.

Mrs. Rhoads, 1850, very old.

Rebecca Manor, daughter of old Mrs. Rhoads, 1825; old.

Note — This yard has no tombstones, and George and Ase-
nath Thomas gave me the above from memory, and the statements
are only approximations, and possibly not very close ones at that.
The burial-ground is private, and only a few have ever been
deposited therein.

New Pittsburg (Jackson Township, Section 6, Town 21, Range
15).— Archibald McFarland, June 10, 1850, 77 years.

Mary, wife of ArchibaldMcFarland,May 10, 1857, 81 years.

William Simmons, March 24, 1849, 51 years.

Mary, wife of William Simmons, December 5, 1860, 53 years.

Esther Marsh, wife of Jesse Marsh, December 10, 1856, 56

Phebe, wife of Arthur Trew, December 12, 1857, 79 years.

Nancy Fields, wife of Lanceford Fields, February 22, 1861,
52 years.

Lansford Fields, May 11, 1866, 66 years.

John Stick, October 27, 1867, 79 years.

Elizabeth, wife of John Albright, February 6, 1871, 61 years.

Susannah McFarland, wife of Joseph McFarland, April 26,
1872, 58 years.

Joseph McFarland, November 6, 1879, 62 years.

Julian Stick, wife of Casper Stick, May 1, 1876, 66 years.

Silas Richards, July 7, 1878, 58 years.

Thomas Croyle, early settler, buried in the old cemetery; re-
interred in the new; no stone; very old.

Nunnamaker, soldier in the war of 1812; drew pension; died
in the summer of 1880, 84 years. There is an old cemetery near
Pittsburg, but it is out of repair and not in use, and we do not
know whether any tombstones are there or not, since, in fact, we
did not discover its precise location.

Pleasant Hill (east of Salem, Jackson Township, Section 3,
Town 21, Range 15). —William Cline, August 23, 1853, 107 years.

Bell Woten, May 17, 1856, 91 years.

Demas Lindley, November 29, 1857, 73 years.

Jane, wife of William Cline, January 27, 1862, 61 yeara

Henry Dehny, August 26, 1863, 83 years.

Thomas P. Smith, December 30, 1863, 73 years.

Mary, wife of Thomas Peden, October 14, 1866, 56 years.

Thomas Peden, April 12, 1868, 76 years.

Susanna, wife of Demas Lindley, July 2, 1869, 72 years.

Mary, wife of Henry Denney, April 30, 1870, 63 years.

Rev. Tyler Weld, July 6, 1870, 61 years.

Stephen Marine, June 14, 1870, 67 years.

128

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Barbara, wife of J. Zeiler, April ;:i, 1871, 05 years.

James Lambert, Ootober 16, 1S7J, 03 years.

John Moore, January 15, 1872, 03 years.

Charles Simmons, bom March 20, 179St, and died March 10,

Catharine, wife of Abraham Walters, May ID, 1875, 88 years.

John Lindley, September 5, 1 875, 00 years.

John Zeiler, October 3, 1877, 74 yoare.

James G. Constable, March 8, 1878, 68 years.

Nancy, wife of James G. Constable, December 28, 1879, 00
years.

Nancy, wife of Thomas Devor, Febi-uary 0, 1880, 08 years.

Cemetery one and a half miles north of Farmland, Section 1,
Town 20, Eange 12.— John Cox, Au^st 13, 1800, 90 years.

Leven Cox, August 17, 1876, 78 years.

Peter Heater, very old; no stone.

Pleasant Ridge (West River Township, Section 15, Town 19,
Range 15, was laid out about 1842, by John Jenkins. The first
burial was a child of John and Frances Jenkins October 30,
1842, child 4 years. The interments in these grounds have been
few). — Frances C. S. Jenkins, wife of John Jenkins, January 3,
1877, 06 years.

John Kepler, January 24, 1 848, 85 years.

Isabelle Shearer, Pebruai-y 10, 1853, 70 years.

Mrs. Kepler, very old. This cemetery is connected with a Pres-
byterian Ohm-ch, established some thirty-five or forty years ago.
The edifice is still standiag in the graveyard, but no worship has
been held therein for many, many years.

Poplar Run — Friends (Stony Creek Township, northwest
ouarter of Section 12, Town 19, Range 12). --John Diggs, Jan-
uary 22, 1803, 00 years.

Catharine Diggs, October 29, 1 807, 04 years.

Frederic A. Pettibone, February 2, 1874, 73 years.

Mark Diggs, June 14, 1878, 79 years.

Henry W. Moore, May 9, 1879, 75 years; no stone.

Solomon Hanscom, 00 years.

Margaret Hanscom, 60 years.

Restore Lamb, age not given.

Prospect (Ward Township, Section 24, Town 21, Range 14,
east of Deertield). --Mary Cooper, wife of Ezekiel Cooper, Janu-
ary 20, 1846, 81 years.

John Witt, September 28, 1847, 67 years.

Mary Pogue, wife of William Pogue, December 30, 1854,
73 yeai-8.

William Pogue, March 12, 1856, 76 yeai-s.

Mary, wife of E. Bragg, November 3, 1857, 53 years.

Mary, wife of W. Bragg, July 10, 1858, 74 years.

Nancy, wife of Michael Bannon, February 1 2, 1863, 09 years.

Michael Bannon, February 3, 1870, 82 years.

Ahaz Cartwright, August 20, 1863, 77 years.

Susan, wife of Walter Smiley, September 11, 1805, 04 years.

Salome, wife of John Sarff, September 13, 1809, 69 years.

Abraham Harshman, September 15/ 1868, ()8 years.

Susan, wife of Robert Pogue, March 10, 1871, 05 years.

Nancy Ann, wife of Daniel B. Miller, December 18, 1872,
07 years.

James Warren, June 27, 1876, 92 years.

Judge Daniel B. Miller, spring of 1881, 83 years.

Milly.wife of Perry Fields, February, 1881, age not given.

Reuben Harshman, spring of 188], age not given.

William Sizemore, 1877, 90 years.

Esther Sizemore, 185(.», 60 years.

Jodiah Sizemore, 65 to 70 years.

It is rather remarkable that in u cemetery so old and so cel-
ebrated as Prospect, no more monuments of Glderly''person8 are
found. Whether it is because few are buried there, or because
the placing of memorial stones has been neglected, we cannot
tell.

An old Cemetery; many graves; few tombstones; many old
settlers douljtless lie sleeping beneath the gi'assy sod, but no
human eye can designate the spots whore they respectively wait
the last groat day.

Rehoboth (four miles northwest of Farmland, Section 2,

Town 20, Range 12). — Minors L. Fowler, March 9, 1803, Com-
pany C, Nineteenth Indiana, age not given.

George Cowgill, June 15, 1865, 72 years.

Rhoda, wife of Philip Lykens, April 27, 1860, 71 years.

Colia, wife of George Cowgill, July 2, 1807, 82 years.

Margaret Brinkley, September 13, 1871, 58 years.

Abram Grove, Septoml^r 29, 1870, 72 years.

Jacob Windermaker, no stone, died perhaps in 1805, 75 years.

Mr. Chessman, no stone, died perhaps in 1806, 75 or 80 years.

Ri(l(jcrillc (east of town, new, Franklin Township, Section

12, Town 21, Range 13).— Peter Dailey, January 10, 1S79, 71
years.

Pennell Mendenhall, April 10, 1871, ago not given.

Hugh Williamson, October 26,1873, 73 yeax-s.

Mary Anna Williamson, May 2, 1878, 73 years.

Nancy, wife of Peter Dailey, August 21, 1877, 81 years.

The old Ridgeville Graveyard is in disuse and neglected.
Most of the interments in the region are made in Ritenour's
Cemetery, as the oldest and most carefully kept burial-ground
in the region. One would have supposed that a place settled
as long as the vicinity of Ridgeville has been, would have had
a carefully preserved cemetery, dating back from the olden time.
Such seems, however, to be not the fact. Indeed, the extensive
settlement of the neighborhood was accomplished only much later
than the original entry into that wilderness by the Lewallyns,
the Kizers and the Wards. The old graveyard at Ridgeville ap-
pears to have been uusuitablo, and, therefore, little used, and the
new one has been opened for interments only for a short time.

Ritmours (west of Deerfield, Section 18, Town 21, Range
14. Addition to the old one, size, 90x120 feet; number of lots,
forty-four; location, between Deertiold and Ridgeville, south
side of Mississinowa River, by the old chapel ; recorded Octol>er

13, 1865. Ritenour's Addition, soveuty-two lots; size, 80x242
feet; recorded Octoljor 23, 1806).— Edward McKow, Juno 29,
1850, 88 yeai-s.

Aquila Loveall, 1851, 67 years.

John Way, March 10, 1851, 90 years.

Charles Sumption, February 10, 1852, 01 years.

Susanna, wife of Philip Rarick, Sr., January 30, 1853, 71

Catharine, wife of Edward McKew, December 16, 1858, 03

Patience, wife of Jacob Clark, February 12, 1859, 66 years.
Elizabeth, wife of Burkott Pierce, February 17, 1859, 62
years.

Elizabeth, wife of George Ritenour, December 4, 1859, 09

' Ezekiel Roe, June 20, 1800. 73 years.

John Woodbiu-y, May 10, 1800, 71 years.

Joseph Berry, September 3, 1862, 89 years.

James Q. Odle, Company C, Thirty-ninth Indiana Regiment,
wounded atShiloh, Tenn., and died June 18, 1802, 22 yeai-s.

Elizabeth, wife of Ezekiel Roe, October 9, 1802, 07 years.

Barbara, wife of Joseph Berry, September 9, 1803, 83 years.

Eve, wife of Robert Parsons, September 10, 1863, 78 vears.

Robert Parsons, October 18, 1803, 89 years.

Elizaljeth, wifeof George Ritenour, August 27, 1864, 69 years,

Granbcrry B, Nickey, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, died at Mem-
phis April 7, 1804, 28 years.

John Willy, March 12, 18fU, 71 years.

George Meek, June J 7, 1804, 78 years.

Mary, wife of Josei)h S. Baker, November 27, 1805, 63 years.

Mildred, wife of George Ritenour, August 29, 18()5, 71 years.

Sarah, wife of John Kinneai', March 12, 1807, 75 years!

Margaret, wife of Josiah St. John, October 28, 1868, 76 years.

Hannah, wife of Robert Starbuck, April 8, 1869.

Catharine, wife of Michael Wimar, December 28, 1800, 07
year.s.

Michel, wife of Adam Hollowell, April 10, 1870, 88 years.

Sarah, wife of William Shoemaker, Sr., August 12, 1871, 75

live, wife of J. P. Ulrich, bom in Baden Everstadt, Eiirope,
in 1807, and died December 10, 1871, 65 yeai-s.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

129

Joseph Lewis, February 14, 1872, 6") years.

John P. Champe, August 14, 1872, 6-") years.

Samuel E. Turner, October 2, 1870, 71 years.

Christena, wife of James Hester, Januaiy 9, 1873, 72 years

Catharine Clapp, December 19, 1873, 03 years.

Samuel Sipe, January 18, 1874, 75 years.

Abigail, wife of A. Collins, March 17, 1874, 71 years.

Mercy, wife of Joseph Lewis, April 13, 1874, 08 years.

Christian Heaston, April 18, 1874, 07 years.

Isabella, wfe of Christian Nickey, December 30, 1874, 70
years.

Elizabeth, wife of George E. Thompson, December 20, 187G,
70 years.

David Kiddlesbarger, January 29, 1876, 81 years.

Sarah, wife of Joseph Elliot,' May 24, 1870, 02 years.

John Fetters. May 13, 1870, 07 years.

William Dail, June 0, 1870, 63 years.

Daniel Mull, September 22, 1877, 00 years.

Christopher T. Henisaor, September 13, 1870, 07 years.

James HaJl, April 5, 1880, 81 years.

George Ritenour, no stone, very old.

Andrew Ritenour, no stone, very old.

Mrs. Andrew Ritenour, 1879, no stone, very old.

Isabella, wife of Ephraim Jellison, October 2, 1841, 03 years.

Ephraim Jellison, May 8, 1840, 73 years.

John Vaughn, September 31, 1804, 09 years.

Thomas Jellison, September 20, 1804, 06 years.

Rebecca Jellison, wife of Thomas Jellison, March 28, 1804,
06 years.

Frederica, wife of Martin Heniser, February 12, 1877, 70
years.

Sarah, wife of Christian Heaston, April 18, 1874, 07 years.

A Mr. Clawson is thought to have been the first burial in Rite-
nour's cemetery, dute not known. In 1830, it had come f« be
extensively used. Perhaps 200 persons had by that time been
laid to rest there, from the whole region for eight or ten miles
around, and, perhaps, farther even than that

SaUm (on boundary near Swain's Hill, Section 32, Town li).
Range 13). — Catharine, wife of PVedorick Zimmerman, March
7, 1850, 80 years.

Frederick Zimmerman, died in 1835; don't know whore ho
was buried, no age given.

Barton Andrews, November 14, 1 850, 64 years

Elizabeth Tallman, January 5, 1.S57, 73 years.

James Tallman, husband of the above, Februaiy 4, 1857,
74 years,

Lieut Salathiel D. Colvin. in the battles of Shiloh and Stone
River; wounded at Chickaraauga, and died at Chattanooga Oc-
tober 9, 1863, 36 years.

Rachel Andi-ews, September 29, 1807, 09 years; an earnest
Methodist.

Joseph Macy, February 18, 1809, 60 years.

Jonathan W. Hunt, November 8, 1873, 59 years.

Nancy, wife of Albert Macy, July 24, 1874, 97 years.

John C. Retz, August 4, 1870, 06 years.

Hardy Evans, March 18, 1877, 77 years.

Sarah E.. wife of William Browne, 73 years.

Saratoga (Ward Tovraship, Section 0, Town 20, Range 15;
James T. Evans, proprietor; 110 lots; recorded June 9, 1874).
— Ann, wife of John A. Warren, April 21, 1878, 03 years.

Mary, wife of John R. Warren, October, 1879, 52 years.

David Almonrodo, June, 1880, 65 years.

Hiram Gillnm, July 27, 1871, 07 years.

Mary Ann, wife of John A. Bransz, March 10, 1875, 02
years.

Elizabeth wife of E. C. Hendrickson, February 5, 1876, 00
years.

Saratoga Cemetery is new, the town itself having had an
existence only a few years.

Slieets'' Graveyard (near Union City, Section 28, Town 18,
Range 1 ).— Lydia, wife of A. Sinks, April 24, 1858, 62 years.

Peter Weimar, August 31, 1859, 60 years.

Never much used, and now lying in the comer of a field.

wholly neglected, the stones lying broken and prostrate on the
ground, a sad sight, a forsaken, forgotten graveyard, left to the
weeds or the ruthless plow desecrating the hallowed soil.

Snow Hill (Washington Township, Section 23, Town 19,
Range 16). — John Hinshaw June 18, 1856, 72 years.

Margaret, wife of John Hinshaw, Febniary 17, 1860, 69 years.

Isaac Robbins, October 22, 1805, 72 years.

Samuel Hiatt, March 12, 1800, 01 years.

John N. Denckson, November 7, 1876, 09 years.

Originally in connection with a Methodist Church, but that
has been gone for many years.

Sparroiv Creek (north of Buena Vista; Section 33, Town 20,
Range 14).- — This graveyard is much out of repair. Few tomb-
stones are found. Daniel Beals' grave is there, who was
quite aged. Several Addingtons lie there, but no gravestones,
except Daniel Beals,' show an age beyond sixty years. Many
graves appear, but nearly all have only rough stones, without
any mark or definite token. A Friends' Meeting-House was once
hero, but it has been gone for forty years or more. The ceme-
tery has an old fence around it, but the only way of access is
through an old field, and it is, perhaps, fifty rods from the high-
way.

Spartavshnrg (Greensfork Township, Section 10, Town 16,
Range 1). -Ephraim Bowen, Sr., August 20, 1858, 89 years.

Hannah Bowen, September ], 1844, 67 years.

Elizabeth Ranney, September 7, 1859, 72 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Abram Manning, February 16, 1862, 09

Caleb Manning, August 22, 1864, 64 years.

Mary Jackson, August 5, 1803, 00 years.

Hosea Knox, January 3, 1809, 73 years.

Jesse Manning, Angu.st 4, 1871, 75 years.

John McKim, May 20, 1873, 61 years.

Mary, wife of Thomas Hough, July 1, 1873, ijO years.

James M. Bailey, October 22, 1873, 04 years.

Margaret, wife of Philip Hulvey, Aiigust 21, 1874, 73 years.

Elizabeth, wife of William Sasser, January 1, 1877, 64 yeai-s.

Mary Ann Patchin, February 27, 1879, 05 years.

Edward Jackson, February 20, 1879, 79 years.

Steuhenville (Green Township, Section 13, Town 21, Range
12).— Benjamin Morris, March 28, 1840, 88 years.

Moses Meek, March 22, 1846, 75 years.

Hannah, wife of Moses Meek, September 1. 1802, SO yeai>i.

William P. Gray. November 7, 1860, 72 years.

Mary, wife of William P. Gray, October 18, 1801, 72 yeai-s.

Hannah, wife of John Dull, January 3, 1870, 50 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Zebulon Cantrell, July 2, 1872, 01 years.

A church was built here in early times, but never finished,
nor used for worehip.

Swinghj (cno and a half miles southeast of Windsor, Stony
Creek Township; Section 32, Town 20, Range 12).— Catharine,
wife of Christian See, August 18, 1830, 49 years.

Mary, wife of Elias King, March 1, 1845, 68 j'ears.

Jane, wife of Moses Neely, March 26, 1848, 62 years.

Agnos, wife of Henry Jones, July 26, 1848, 60 yeiirs.

Moses Neely, April 3, 1853, 72 years.

Margaret Clevinger, Januai-y 20, 1807, 70 years.

Samuel Cloviuger, Sr., June 7, 1807, 81 years, soldier of
1812 probably.

Daniel Kegen-ies, bom May 25, 1800, and died September 4,
1808, 02 years.

Jacob Helm, September 10, 1809, 05 years.

Mary A, wife of Dani<il Kegerries, November 0, 1874, 58 years.

Soldier, no name nor stone.

Tlwrnburg (Hardshaw Township, Section 4, Town 20, Range
12). — Abram Clevinger, very old; Eunice, wife of the above,
very old. We learned but little concerning the above burial
ground. It was once with a Friends' Meeting- House, but the
meeting was " laid down" (discontinued), and the graveyard has
been but little in use for many years. We did not succeed in
making it a visit. That is the only one (so far as we are aware)
to which we failed to give a personal examination, being prevented
therefrom by unavoidable circumstances.

130

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Union Baptist {Colored) (southeast of Pleasant View, Section
13, Town 19, Range 12).— Amy, wife of Robert Scott, 18f54,
84 years.

Robert Scott, buried at Dunkirk in 1848, 78 years.

Betsy Stafford, very old.

Rev. Samuel Jones, 62 years, Baptist,

Isom Davis, 70 years.

George Smith, old.

Betsy Jones, very old.

Wells White, old.

Jacob Boone, very old.

Charity Boone, 80 years.

Note — No stones; graveyard neglected.

Vnimi (two miles south of Windsor, Section 5, Town 20,
Range 12) — Drummond Smithson, December 31, 1844, born
July 12, 1754; one year old when the old French war broke out;
twenty-two years old (lacking eight days), at the signing of the
" immortal declaration, " died aged 90 years.

Mary, wife of Drummond Smithson, January 16, 1851, 97 years.

John Fletcher, August 20, 1854, 60 years.

John B. Sample, August 23, 1854, 64 years.

William Moore, October 7, 1855, 88 years.

Winney, wife of William Moore, October 17, 1855, 95 years.

John Fettars, December 30, 1859, 59 years.

John M. Driskill, Company B, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died at
Nelson's Furnace, Ky., February 20, 1862, 25 years,

Simon Driskill, died at Nashville, Tenn., March 25, 1862,
23 years.

William S. Driskill, Company B, Thirty-sixth Indiana,
December 31, 1862, 21 years,

Mary, wife of William Jackson, February 17, 1864, 63 years.

Mary B., wife of Samuel B. Clevenger, May 24, 1864, 55 yeai-s.

Alexander Campbell, May 19, 1865, 61 years.

Mary, wife of John Fetters, October 7, 1865, 63 years.

Samuel B. Clevenger, November 30, 1865, 64 years.

Solomon Faulkner, bom June 26, 1799, and died August
25, 1867, 68 years.

Elizabeth Wolfe, wife of Michael Wolfe, November 4, 1867,
72 years.

Catharine, wife of Wesley Clevinger, September 20, 1868,
60 years.

John A. Clevinger, May 25, 1869, 43 years.

Jinzy, wife of William Moore, January 27, 1870, 74 years.

Michael Wolfe, born March 18, 1791, and died March 21,
1870, 79 years.

Susannah, wife of E. T. Thomburg, November 4, 1872,
60 years.

Rev. Samuel Hardesty, February 11, 1873, 44 years.

Wesley Clevinger, June 8, 1873, 67 years!

Rebecca, wife of Isaac Ambiirn, June 28, 1873, 76 years.

John Dudley, March 24, 1874, 83 years.

Mary, wife of Ira E. Smithson, July 13, 1874, 75 years.

William B. Thomburg, December 20, 1874, 33 years.

Sarah, wife of Samuel O'Donald, January 23, 1875, 70 years.

John Parker, February 16, 1875, 82 years.

Samuel O'Donald, May 0, 1875, 71 years,

Margaret, wife of James Neely, June 20, 1875, 64 years.

James Neely, March 8, 1876, 67 years.

John N. Odle, November 3, 1876, 54 years.

John W. Dudley, December 2, 1876, 34 years.

Mahlon Clevinger, February 20, 1877, 60 years.

Docia, wife of John Dudley, February 3, 1878, 77 yeai-s.

Elder George W. Terrell, March 22, 1878, 74 years.

Henry Pool, August 30, 1878, 43 years.

Margaret, wife of Amos Smith, November 3, 1879, 76 years.

Ruth, wife of Solomon Faulkner, bom August 21, 1808,
and died June 2, 1881, 73 years.

Three soldiers, no name nor stone.

At the first grave in Union Cemetery, Mr. Clevinger, then a
young man, stuck into the ground a sprig of a tree, and the sprig
is growing still, a pretty large tree. Union Cemetery is large,
finely situated, and well cared for, and it seems to be extensively
patronized.

Union Chapel (west of Bloomingsport, Section 11, Town IS,
Range 13);— Ann, wife of Isaiah Rogers, February 21, 1849,

Jane Mumbower, December 6, 1849, 68 years.

Rachel, wife of M'illiam Davisson, January 23, 1852, 73

John Simcoke, July 11, 1853, 86 years.

Robert Willis, Febriiary 22, 1857, 88 years, soldier of old

Edward Fennimon, December 29, 1858, 78 years,

John W, Cox, Company F, Thirty-sixth Indiana; enlisted
September 1, 1801 ; wounded at Chiokamauga, and died at Chat-
tanooga October 8, 1803, 18 years.

William Engle, Thirty-sixth Indiana, wounded at Shiloh, 21
years.

William Botkin, Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiana, was in the
battle of Richmond, Ky., and died at St. Louis Febmary 6,
1863, 21 years.

Mercy, wife of Joshua Sharp, June 2, 1863, 65 years.

Marj' Ann, wife of Edward Fennimore, September 19, 1868,
93 years.

Pryor Harvey, December 8, 1869, 68 years.

Samuel W. Fennimore, April 10, 1872, 05 years.

Susanna, wife of Robert Penery, October 27, 1873, 06 years.

Thomas Phillips, April 9, 1874, 82 years.

Caleb Fennimore, March 24, 1876, 61 years.

Susan, wife of W. A. Mumbower, November 22, 1876, 02

Peter Botkin, November 24, 1870, 72 years.

Robert Willis, a soldier of 1812; date and age not
known; Capt. Craig, of the last war; William Daugherty and
wife, who were very old, are buried at Union Chapel. He was a
poor man with a large family, but was a hard worker, and
cleared up during his life vast tracts of land.

UNION CITY.

The tirst burying ground for Union City was laid out by
Hon. Jere Smith and Dr. J, N. Converse, north of the original
plat, chiefly between Howard and Plum, and somewhat north of
Division street, and including what is now Oak Grove, the ele-
gant residence and grounds of E. L. Anderson, Esq.

There were 517 lots for private owners, and Lots 25 and 20
besides. Some burials took place there, but the ground seemed
not suitable, and it was but little used, and at this time many,
perhaps most or all of the bodies, have been removed.

Other grounds were selected, an association was formed, and
a new cemetery was established. Union City Cemetery Associa-
tion was formed Febmary 4, 1803. The first Trustees were
Finloy Maloy, James White, Isaac P. Gray, John L. Roaenbush,
Joel N. Converse.

The company first bought six acres of land of Joel N. Converse,
west of the present city limits, between the pike and the rail-
road. They nest (in 1807), bought about one acre of Joel N.
Converse, extending the ground north to the pike, and two acres
southward to the railroad; plat recorded October 21, 1870. The
third purchase was twelve acres west of the cre^k (1874), This
last tjact, as also the new grounds south, has never been platted
into lots. Cost of the grounds: six acres at IIOO per acre, $600;
three acres at $150 per acre, $450; twelve acres at $200 per acre,
$2,400; total, $3,450. The original six acres were platted into
825 lots, with suitable streets between the lots, the re'-ord of the
plat being made July 28, 1803, and the new purchase north has
been platted. The plat was recorded October 21, 1870; number
of lots, 120; size of lots, eight to thirty feet wide; price of lots
in general, $1.50 per foot front; price of lots on streeta, 10- per
cent extra; price of lots at comers, 20 per cent exti'a; ownere of
lots, 328; price of digging graves at first, $1.50. under ten years;
$2 above ton years; price of digging granes now, $3 aud $4.
The company has been somewhat crippled by the last purchase,
being considerably in debt on account of it, and not much im-
provement has been attempted. However, a hedge has been set
around the cemetery, and it is now in the second year's growth.
The ground is well situated for the purposes of burial, being

HISTORY OF IIANDOLPII COUNTY.

131

moderately rolling. Several lots have been set apart irrecoverably
for the interment of soldiers, as also a considerable space for the
use of non-lot owners. Many fine monuments and some costly
ones have been erected at the graves of friends, and some
shrubbery has been set, and fences placed around lots, and the
cemetery begins to present a neat and tasteful, and even elegant
appearance. Among others is found the beautiful shaft eroctt^l
as a soldier's moniunont. It makes a fine display, and is a cred-
itable and appropriate tribute to the memory of the brave de-
parted. It is to be regi-etted that provision was not made for
engraving upon the monument the several names of the soldiers
at their respective interments. The Sextons have been as follows :
First, Samuel Sutton, until April, 1872; second, F. A. Hinsch,
until April, 1874; third, J. M. Wren, until December, 1875;
fourth, B. F. Buckingham, to the present time, July 27, 1881.

No record of bui-ials was kept for many years. The record
was begun April 8, 187'.'i, and has been continued to the present

The number of interments is given herewith: Kest of the
year 1872, twenty-nine; whole of 1873, forty-one; 1874, thirty-
nine; 1875, forty-five; 1876, sixty-nine; 1877, forty-five; 1878,
thirty-six; 1879, fifty-two; 1880, fortytliree; 1881 (part), forty.
The varying ^number of interments is somewhat striking:
Last five months of 1880, thirteen; first live months of 1881,
thirty-five; last three months of 1880, five; first three months
of 1881, twenty-four; last two months of 1880, one; first two
months of 1881, fourteen. The lowest number in one month is
none; the greatest number is ten, viz., March, 1881.

This record of interments does not show the full number of
deaths in the city or its vicinity. The Catholics have a cemetery
in the neighborhood, and all persons belonging to them are in-
terred in that inclosure. Many are taken to the places whore
friends or companions have been deposited in former years.
Ever since the appointment of memorial services on Decoration
Day, May 80th, (or May 31st if the 3(lth fall on Sunday), by the
Grand Army of the Republic, appropriate and affecting, and
sometimes greatly impressive observances have l)oon hold at
the cemetery from year to year. The present burial-ground is
apparently well suited to its objects, and will remain doubtless
permanently consecrated to its 'sadly interesting puri>oses. TJie
location is at a reasonable, yet not too great distance from the
city. The ground is sufficiently rolling to present an agreeable
appearance, and dry enough to answer the use to which it has
been devoted, with sufficient slope, moreover, to allow a ready
and adequate drainage, lying on both sides of the bed of the
Little Mississinewa.

The situation is retired, yet not too much so, lying between
the highway leading to the fair grounds on the one hand, and
the two westward railroad tracks on the other, and only just out-
side the city limits. As already hinted, something has been done
by way of ornamentation, many tasteful and some costly monu-
ments have been erected in memorial of friends who are " loved,
not lost;" and the whole result appears to approve the judgment
and justify the discretion of those who made this second selec-
tion of a cemetery for Union City. The regulations as to en-
trance and deportment are strict, yet not too severe, but simply
intended to secure the quiet, order and decorum needful in a
place allotted to the resting-place for the dead. Location
Wayne Township, Section 20, Town 18, Range 1 — Amasa
Payne, November 2, 1856, 84 years. Catharine Roe, January
15, 1857, 59 years. Note. — The above must have been buried
elsewhere and transferred to this place, or else there was a
private burying ground here before its use as a public cemetery.

Frederic Roe, October 17, 1871, 00 yeai-s.

John Hartman, March lU, 1804, 22 years. First Sergeant of
Company C, Fifty-seventh Indiana Regiment, served two years
and four months, and died at home.

Barbara, wife of Charles Patty, October 22, 1804, 04 years.

Rev. Timothy Colclazer, September 20, 1805, 54 years.

Isaac Beal, April 11, 1809, 00 years.

Mary, wife of Enoch Rogers, October 4, 1808, 81 years.

Mary Swain, September 25, 1808, 04 years.

James M. Worstler, July 8, 1808, 27 years.

Samuel Janes, June 20, 1800, 79 years.

Mary Morris, September 14, 1800, 78 years.

Darius Converse, March 21, 1809, 52 year,'?.

D. French, M. D., January 20, 1870, 08 years.

Ann, wife of L. B. Pope, June 21, 1870, 75 years.

Jacob Livengood, October 20, 1870, 03 years.

Sarah, wife of J. G. McKeo, December 30, 1871, 05 yeai-s.

Elizabeth Thomson, March 20, 1871, 84 yeai-s.

James McFeoly, So])tembor 23, 1S72, 75 years.

Ariston Dwinell (teacher), February 17, 1872, 30 years.

Edward Stai-buck, Jr., September 25, 1874, 01 years.

Mary Starbuck (first wife), January 13, 1800, 40 years.

Lydia Ann Starbuck (second wife), March 27, 1803. 37 years.

Hon. Jeremiah Smith, December 28, 1874, 70 years.

Cynthia Smith, wife of the above, July 7, 1872, 57 vears.

Eva G. Heck, May 1, 1875, 08 years.

Timothy Masslich, Litiz, Penn., March 4, 1875, 73 years.

Hannah, wife of William Parent, October 28, 1875, 05 years.

John Keever, September 10, 1875, 01 years.

Jacob Livengood, June 23, 1875, 03 years.

John G. Doser, August 13, 1870, 05 yeai-s.

James Rubev, M. D., December 17, 1870, 70 vears.

Melissa A,, wife of J. S. Lotz, March 20, 18^0, 51 vears.

Susan, wife of B. Hams, March 12, 1877, 84 yeai-s.

Louisiana, wife of Daniel Paulus, December 1, 1877, 08 years.

Louisa Wilkerson, March 21, 1878, 80 years.

Nathan P. Woodbury, March 15, 1878, 70 years.

John Fisher, February, 1881, 80 years.

Mrs. Masslich, mother of Bontloy Masslich, summer of 1881 ;
very old.

Jane Fisher, relict of John Fisher, February, 1882, 78 years.

White K/rec— Friends (Section 22, Town 20, Range 14). -
Thomas Wright, April 30, 1835, 74 years.

Thomas Wai-d, February 11, 1830, 80 vears.

Margery Ward, May 12, 1843, 84 years.

Nathan Barker, April 24, 1839, 71 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Michael Hill, March 24, 1840, 02 years.

William McCristy, January 20, 1850, 84 years.

Joseph Moflatt, June 30, 1854, 78 years.

Mary Moffatt. April 10, 1855, 04 years.

Joshua Cox, May 10, 1853, 05 years.

Joseph Keys, October 0, 1854, 80 years.

Mary, wife of Thomas Nixon, March 20, 1857, 73 years.

Mary Hickman, November 1, 1857, 72 years.

Ruth, wife of Nathan Barker, April 24, 1850, 01 years.

Zachai-iah Hiatt, December 31, 1800, 82 years.

Anna Hiatt, December 17, 1850, 81 years.

Jemima, wife of Andrew Nesbit, June 3, 1859, 81 years.

MiU-garet, wife of Joshua Cox, April 10, 1801, f')7 years.

Mai'tin Comer, April 29, 1803, 70 years.

Amy, wife of Joab Ward, August 27, 1804, f')7 years.

William H. Broughman, Company C, Eighth Indiana Cavalry,
April 12, 1800, 20 years.

Thomas Pierce, November 5, 1808, 68 years.

David Haworth, August 2, 1808, 74 years.

Joel Ward, October 2, 1809, 81 years.

Ruth Ward, May 12, 1871, 77 years.

John Fraze, October 12, 1871, 03 years.

Abigail Frazo, September 14, 1871, 77 years.

Benjamin E. Keys, August 4, 1872, 75 years.

Jacob Hickman, March 15, 1873, 03 years.

Joab Ward, November 5, 1874, 84 years.

Sally (Wright)Coats, July 11, 1875, 80 years.

John Coats, 1878, over 90 years.

Coats, 1877, 80 years.

Miranda, wife of Isaac Coats, September 8, 1878, 08 years.

Isaac Coats, July 23, 1870.

White River Cemetery is very old. Friends' meeting having
been established about or even before 1820. Mrs. Edwards,
mother of Hamilton Edwards, resident south of Winchester, was
buried in the autumn of 1881, being of a great age, 84 years.

Whili'scU (three miles west of Union, Section 8, Town 20,
Range 15). -Mary Weld, August 10, 1851, 00 years.

132

PIISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Thomas Weld, Jamiaiy 3, 1852, O'J years.

Eleanor Taggart, July 25, 1857, 'J2 years.

Jane W., wife of J. B. Lawrence, January 17, 1858, 68 years.

Samuel Conklin, March 30, 180(», 73 years.

Joel F. Smith. November 3, 1803, 18 years.

Henry Whitesell, March 7, 18()S, 82 years.

William Martin, September 4, 1872, (>7 yeiirs.

Jacob Whitesell, April iJ, 1877, 78 years.

Mary, wife of Jacob Whitesell, November 14, 1803, 72 years.

Magdalena, wife of Homy Whitesell, July 3, 1877, 83 years.

Whidsor (Stony Creek Township, Section 21), Town 19, Kango
12). — Three soldiers, no stone, and, of course, no inscription.

John Dye, June 8, 1836, a soldier in the war of 1812, pro-
bably, 44 years.

Jacob Cline, February 1, 1840, soldier; must have been a
mere- lad, bom in 1707, 43 years.

Isaac W. and infant daughter, children of Jeremiah and
Cynthia Smith (Judge Jere), died August 6, 1850, and Juno 2'.t,
1853, ages not given.

Luke Arnold, October 25, 1850. 00 years.

Samuel Wilson, September t), 1858; a soldier, born in 17U4,
eighteen years old in 1812, 04 years.

John Gable, August 13, 1805, born in 17'J2, 74 years.

Christena, wife of Jonathan Clevinger, June 27, 185'J, 71
years.

Thomas Wallace, February 7, 1870, 03 years.

Nancy Cline, December 10, 1870, 08 years.

John Carver, May 13, 1800, 62 years.

James Hays, September 10, 1874" 8(> years,

Jonathan Clevinger, February 12, 1875, 87 years.

Amos A. Harold, December 20, 1875, 74 years.

Perry C. Guukel, February 25, 1877, a soldier in the civil
war, 36 years.

Arabella, wife of Owen O. Thomson, May 14, 1878, 5',) year.s.

Winvhrntcr (old ; David Heaston, proprietor; seventy-seven
lots: location, southwest of Winchester, Section 20, Town 20,
Kange 14; size, 151^x227.^ feet; i-ecordod May 22, 1802. A. J.
Neff's addition; location, south side; thirty-six lots; recorded
July 1',), 1867. A. J. Neff's second addition, 126 lots; location,
north and east sides; recorded August 14, 1816. Fountain Park
Cemetery, established by Asahel Stone, and donated by him to
the citizens of Winchester for the pmijosesof a public cemetery;
size of tract, forty acres; recorded March 1, 1880).

John Huston, March 11, 1841), 05 years.

Phebe Hull, wife of John Hull, Sr., August] 3, I84t), died of
cholera, 70 years.

John Hull, Sr., born in Connecticut May 1, 1760, and died
August 20, 184'.t, cholera, 83 years.

Susannah Reeco, born April 10, 1770, and died May 31,1850,

Maria, wife of James Ramsey, February 2, 1852, 71 years.

Jemima, wife of Jacob Kelly, March 1 8, 1 855, 73 years.

John Way, September 25, 1850, 78 years.

Paul W. Way, October 20, 1856, 71 years.

Rebecca, wife of William Badgley, born in New Jersey Decem-
ber 11, 1772, and died February'.), 185iJ, removed to Fountain
Park Cemetery in 1881, 86 years.

Achsah, wife of Paul W. Way, May 1, 1859, 73 years.

Rev. Simeon H. Lucas, October 31, 1800, 45 years.

Hester, wife of John H Campbell, November 2U, 1800,

Esther, wife of Edmund Burton, October 7, 1861, 06 years.

Martin R., son of E. and S. Thomas, Company G, Eighth
Indiana Infantry, three years, August 3, 1862, 21 years.

Lieut. W. L. Steele, Company H, Eighty-fom-th Indiana,
died at Franklin, Teun., May 16, 1863, 37 years.

Ann, wife of J. W. Steele, July 27, 1803, 03 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Jonathan Edwards, December 26, 1803,
78 years

David Ramsey, born in York County, Penn., October 17,
1S02, and died June U, 1864, 62 years.

Susannah Craig, bom August 16, 1704. and died June 3,
1864, 70 years.

Erastus H. Reed, son ,)f Nathan Eoed. Company F, One
Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana, August 20, 1864, I'J years.

Eliiiaboth Noff. oldest daugher of John Nefi, Esq., and wife
of Jacob Elzroth, Esq., bom in Bototom't County, Va., October
10, 17ll(), and died Se])tember 20, 1804, 08 years.

Jacob Elzroth, 1803, very old.

Capt. J. Lawrence Neff, Caiitain of Company G, One Hun-
dred and Twenty-fom-th Indiana, commissioned in February,
1804, Resaca to Atlanta, Franklin and Nashville; killed at
Kingston, N. C, at the head of his company, March 10, 1805,
age not given.

Edmund Burton, October 4, 1805, 85 years.

Cary S. Goodrich, October 1 4, 1805, 54 years.

John Bolender, served six years as a grenadier, three years
in active service against Napoleon Bonaparte, and died December
9, 1805, 75 yeai-s.

David Heastou, December 18, 1805, born in Rockingham
County, Va,, came to Randolph inlSlO, soldier of 1812, 72 years.

Sarah, wife of Christian Heaston, May 1 , 1806, 03 years.

Rebecca Pierce, widow of John B. Goodrich, born at Peters-
burg, Va., AugiLst 31, 1787, and died June 1, 1 867, 80 years.

Polly, wife of Jehiel Hull, June 17, 1807, 61 years.

Catharine Fie, September 14, 1867, SO years.

Christian Habigh, April 8, 1868, 69 years.

Nancy, wife of John Huston, February 5, 1869, 70 years.

Joseph Martin, June 16, 1871, 71 years.

Henry Summers, born in Augusta County, Va., July 15, 1784,
and died August 10, 1871, 87 years.

Sarah, wife of Thomas Brown, December 20, 1871, 74 years.

Anna, wife of Nathan Reed, March 25, 1872, 04 years.

Henry Carver, August 19, 1872, 09 years.

Elizabeth Segi-aves, October 30, 1872, 08 years.

Walter S. Monks, March 28, 1873, 57 years.

George W. Monks, no stone.

.Jehiel Hull, 1873, 70 years.

Ellis Mullen, November 18, 1874, 76 years.

Martha M. Watts, wife of Samuel Watts, Feb. 19, 1875. 08 years.

Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Martin, born at Parmasen, Rhein,
Bavaria, in 1815, and died June 9, 1874, 59 ye.irs.

Catharine, wife of George Hay, March 20, 1870, 07 years.

.loiias Lykens, August 15, 1876, 78 years.

Catharine, wife of D;ivid Heaston, August 9, 1870, 83 years.

Thomas Brown, May 20, 1877, 85 years. _

Christian Heaston, September 6, 1877, 7 ( years.

Philippine, wife of Henry Harmann, April 13, 1878, 68 years.

David Wysong, April 26_, 1878, 79 years.

George Hay, May 15, 18/8. 63 years.

George G. Gorstner. April 5, 1879, 70 years.

Edward Wright, August 23, 1880, old.

Soldier, unknown.

Mrs. George W. Monks, no stone; particulars unknown.

Proiiiii^ciunis. — John Monks and witv are buried on the old
Monks farm, south of AVinchester; John Irving and wife are
buried on the Irving farm, south of Winche.ster; Windsor Wiggs
is buried in the cemetery on the Crist farm, southeast of Spar-
tanburg. He died November 27, 1856; Sarah Wiggs, widow of
Windsor Wiggs, died August 4, 1881; William Smith, father of
Hon. Jore Smith, buried on his old farm in Section 5, Town 18,
Range 13; burying ground 150 feet square, iron fence around
the grave; Mrs. William Smith, wife of the above, buried at
the same place; D.-miel Bales, buried at Sparrow Creek Ceme-
tery, southwest of Dunkirk.

DoTxbtloss many persons are interred throughout the county
in private grounds unknown to the general public at the present
time, as also to the writer of these sketches.

In concluding this memorial to the dead, it is jwoper to state
that great labor lias been bestowed upon the subject, yet the re-
sult obtained cannot be supposed to be entirely uccm'ate, nor
fully complete. But it may bo truly declared that the whole is
as thorough as it was in the jiower of the autlior to accompli.sh;
and the hope is indulged that a generous public will appreciate
the difficulties of the t.isk attempted, and forgive such defects
and errors as may by a critical examination bo discovered to exist.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

133

CHAFIER X.

COLORED PEOPLE.

Setti.eji knts— Tkji I

-RlOOKAP

PERSONS of color came so early to the county, and in such
numbers, and have remained, during the yeais since those
olden days, dwellers in these regions, and in Randolph County
in j)articular, so extensively and so permanently, that it has been
deemed advisable to give an account of them in a separate chni>.
ter.

There are three colored settlements in Randolph County.
Ist, Greenville Settlement, northeast of Spartansburg.
'2d, Cabin Creek Settlement, on Cabin Creek, not very far
from Huntsville.

3d, Snow Hill Settlement, Washington Townshi]).

Tn 1822, Thornton Alexander, Sr., with a wife and nine chil-
dren, moved from Warren County, Ohio, to Greensfork Town-
ship, northeast of Spartansburg. Within a few years, he entered
HOO acres of excellent land. In a short time, other colored fam-
'lies followed Mr. Alexander, so that a considerable settlement
was soon formed. In 1833, eleven years after he had entered the
wilderness, iho following settlers were in the region:

Ezekiel Lewis, east of Thornton Alexander; Collier Simpson,
north of Alexander; William Lewis; Philip Holland, near the
Griffis farm; Allen Davis, near Jessup's Mill; John Randlo, near
Spai-tansburg, 1833.

Colored persons continued to come in until, by 1840, the set-
tlement had been quite large. About 1845, the Union Literary
Institute, a manual labor boarding school, was established for indi-
gent youth there by the munificence of Benjamin Thomas, James
Moorman, James Clemens, Thornton Alexander and others,
friends of the poor, both white and colored. Land to the amount
of near one hundred and eighty acres was donated, and a charter
obtained from the Logislatm-e. Rev. E. Tucker was emj)loyed
as Principal, and a boai'ding house, by donations from triends
of the cause, was erected. The school was opened in June,
1816, and for years the school was somewhat famous throughout
the region. Good schools were scarce then, and large numbers
of all colors attended from Randolph and adjacent counties.
Colored youth were mombei-s of the school fi-om Dayton, Piqua,
Cincinnati, Richmond, Logansport, Indianapolis, from Shelby
and Mercer Counties, Ohio, and even from Mississippi. Many
colored youth received an education there who have since done
good work for their people.

Prof. Tucker left in 1854, and, after passing through various
hands, and being intermitted for several years, the institution
was revived again, and Prof. Tucker took charge, and taught
from 1873 to 1871).

The school is now under the supervision of Mr. Milton A.
Roberts, a graduate of Spiceland Academy, a gentleman of fine
talents and of high promise for future usefulness as an instructor
of youth. It was originally a boarding school, but the change of
tiiuos has brought it to be cl'iolly a neighlxirhood school. How-
ever, it is still accomplishing a good work for those who attend
its instructions.

The settlement on the Indiana side of tlie State line now con-
tains some thirty families, eitlier owning the land or renting from

Most of the early settlers are dead. John Handle alone re-
mains of the grown-up settlers, old and blind, but sprightly and
cheerful. [He died, October, 1881.] Isaac Alexander, who
came there as a boy seven years old, in 1822, still resides in the
settlement.

Many of the men volunteered in the army and gave good serv-
ice in helping to crush the rebellion and to secure freedom to
the down-trodden millions of their race; and they are reaping
their due reward in the enjoyment of a full citizenship, bestowed
on them by a grateful country.

Some of the prominent residents now are William Shoemake,
William Shafifer, Hiram Simpson, Jesse Flood, John Mason, Jesse
Okey, Hiram Cotman, John M. Thompson, Lemuel Stokes, Jack-
son Okey, Charles Mason, Levi Liusey, Pierce Thomson, Reuben
Randle, William Lewis, Douglas Holland, William Oglesby, John
Handle, Sylvester Holland, Charles Fox, Thomas Burden, Isaac
Alexander, Richard Goons, John W. Randle, Patrick Goodall,
etc., etc.

The settlement hero lies on both sides of the Ohio lino, with
by far the largest part in Ohio. In Indiana, a territory about
one mile by three is occupied, while in Ohio nearly three miles
square is covered by the colored residents. In Ohio, four school
districts are to bo found, with a good schoolhouse in each, three
of them being new brick edifices of good construction and neat
design, and schools are maintained for seven to eight months in
the year.

The nucleus of the settlement in Ohio was foi-med alxmt fifty-
five years ago, by James Clemens, Sr., with his large family of
boys and girls, there being eight or ten childi-en, five of whom
are still living. James Clemens and his wife, Sophia, are dead,
both living to be about ninety years old. He took up in his life-
time about six hundred acres of land, which is now mostly dis-
tributed among his numerous descendants. The principal resi-
dents now are Charles Clemens, James McKown, Keuben Goens,
William Burden, William McKown, Zebedeo Buss, Asaniah Goens,
Elijah P. Clemens, Windsor W. Epps, Leander Swaney, Sandy
Jones, Riley Bass, Pen^ Clemens, Jjayton Clemens, A. J. Clem-
ens, J. W. Clemens, Charles Carpenter. John Carpenter, Willson
Smithj Mi-s. Mahala Clemens, Mrs. Dimmt, Alfred Clemens,
Silas Wade, Moses Jefl'erson, Blake Durant, Sumner Durant,
Silas Bobbins and many others.

In the whole Greenville settlement, some years ago, there were
about nine hundred people. There is on the Ohio side a Wes-
leyan Church, and on the Indiana side an Afi-ican Methodist
Episcopal Chui'ch. The clergyman among them are: Rev. Lem-
uel Stokes, Indiana side, A. M. E. ; Rev. Charles Clemens, Ohio
side, Wesleyan; Rev. Perry Clemens, Ohio side, Wesloyan.

There are several jtromising young men, most of whom are or
have been teachers:

Elijah P. Clemens, teacher; Windsor W. Ej>ps, teacher and
studying law; Silas Robbins, now practicing attorney at St.
Louis, Mo.; Wesley Robbins, teacher, and practicing medicine;
Wiley A. Robbins," faimer; John Wade, .attending school; Mai--
tin Clemens, teacher and farmer; Sunmer Durant, teacher and
farmer; Blake Durant, teacher and farmer; Cassius F. Stokes,
teacher at Kokomo, Ind. ; Lee Roy Stokes, teacher at Nobles-
ville. Ind. ; Jackson Okey, teacher and f .inner; Milton A. Rob-
erts, teacher and preacher and law student.

During the nearly sixty years of the existence of this settle-
ment, gi'eat niunbei-8 have emigrated from this " hive'' and gone
to other regions, to helji form new settlements, or to the towns
for readier access to the facilities for work. New .accessions h.ive
been as constantly made to their numbers, and the growth from
without and from within, combined, despite the ceaseless drop-
])ing out to Grant County, to Paulding Coimty, to Michigan and
where not, has raised the numbers in the settlement to eight or
nine hundred souls. It is wholly a farming community, not hav-
ing even the shadow or semblance of a town, unless, indeed, the
old shell of a village at Tampico, on the Ohio side, be reckoned
such, wherein no business, except liquor-selling occasionally and
a blacksmith shop now and then, has been located or transacted
for yeai-s.

The people of color seem to have a natural aptness for music.
The settlement has long been noted for the ability of many of its
members in this respect. Many " schools ' ' have been held
among them there, with pleasing success.

From 1874 to 1878, a glee club existed in the Greenville set-
tlement, composed of a few enthusiastic young persons — Elijah
P. Clemens, Adeline Clemens, Richard Cotman, Philo A. Tucker
(white), Jane P. Costen, Emma Goens, Ellen Goens, Eliz.abeth
Goens and Lillie F. Tucker (white). The club took great delight
together in their nmsical efforts, spending much time in prepar-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ing amateur entertainmonts at Gxhibitiona, temperance meetings,
etc., etc.

Several of the same company formed tliemselves into a " band
of singers," and gave several concerts thi'ongh the region, vi^ith
good acceptance and success.

During the years that are past, many celebrations have been
held in. the settlement. First of August, Sabbath schools, tem-
perance, emancipation, politics and other siibjects have called
the people together at viirious times and their white fellow-citi-
zens as well, in great numbers, and much pleasure and profit have
been imparted by the addresses and exercises upon the several

At one celebration, some thirty years ago, Hon. George W.
Julian, then a young and earnest anti-slavery man, sinco and for
many years a noted and powerful advocate of freedom and right
in the national councils, and in still later times an adherent of the
modern Democratic faith, gave, before a numerous and enthusiastic
assembly, in a pleasant and shady grove in the Greenville settle-
ment, a most feeling and eloquent appeal for human liberty and
right, which has not even yet been forgotten by some who that
day listened thereto. And it still continues, in the minds of the
advocates of human freedom who knew the earnestness of Mr.
Julian in that former day, and for so many subsequent years, in
the advocacy of anti --slavery, to be a standing and inscrutable
mystery how he could join himself to that party with principles,
aims and methods still unchanged, against which, for five and
twenty years, he had waged a war so fierce, so bitter, so unrelent-
ing. But this, like the ways of the " heathen Chinee," may bo
one of the things which no man can ever find out.

CABIN CEEEK, COLORED SETTLEMENT.

The Greenville colored settlement began about 1822, in the
State of Ohio. Not long after that date, others sought for homes
in the wilderness f ai-ther west, and a nucleus was formed of what
became Cabin Creek Settlement, lying chiefly, perhajis, in Net-
tle Creek, but extending also into West River and Stony Creek,
and slightly into White River Township. Colorc-d families be-
gan to come into the region not very long after 1825, from
North Carolina and Virginia, and, after a time, the settlement
greatly increased, embracing several miles in extent, and compris-
ing some eighty to one hundred families and several hundi'ed
people. During later years, the number has materially lessened,
the families having sold their possessions and moved to locations
more suited to their notions. There are now some thirty to forty
families, 'orming a single school district.

John Demory came first to the western part of the county
about 1825, with Lemuel Vestal, from North Carolina, Demory
being the first colored person in that part of Randolph County.

Two other colored families came soon afterward — Drew Tay-
lor, on Eight Mile Creek, and Obadiah Anderson, in the south-
east part of the county. Aftar them came Richard Robbins,
Samuel Oatland and Benjamin Outland, who, as to the colored
settlement proper, came first, or nearly so, shortly after 1825,
settling in Stony Creek Township. Nearly all the families at
present reside in Nettle Creek Township. The settlement is ex
clusively a farming community, as there is no town whatever in
connection therewith.

Afterward came Robert Scott, Willis Crane, Nathan Ward,
Dudley, Jewy Terry, Abram Cotman, Thomas Wilkerson, Mat-
thew Chavis, Soeny, Robert Ward, Isaac Woods, Edward Outland,
Abram Woods, Benjamin Skipworth, SamuelAVoods, John Smith,
Jesse Woods, Philip Woods (father), Jacob Woods, Dosha Smoth-
ers and a Iwgo family of girls, Colman Scott, Solomon Scott.
There were also many others.

The citizens in that settlement now are chiefly James Scott,
Andrew Scott, Eleazar Scott, Ananiah Scott, Martin Scott, Mon-
roe Barber, Peter Ladd, Wyatt Jennings, John Roberts, Richard
Scott, Isaac Ward, David Stafford, Stephen Perkins, Burrell
Perkins, Mrs. Paulina Scott, Charles Ban-acks, George Hill,
Perry Stafford, John Sawyer, Greenberry Scott, Isaac Woods,
Charles Smothers, Anderson Moore, George Outland, John Hall,
Minerva Moore, Immanuel Stafford, John Watkius and some
others.

It is a fact to be noted that, in the spring of 1880, a colored
man, John Roberts by name, was chosen Assessor of Nettle Creek
Township.

Some old fogir-s, like Rip Van Winkle, who were not aware
that the world had moved during the last twenty yeai-s, foaght
hard against the attempt to elect him, and were very indignant
at their failure; but Mr. Roberts has proved to bo a competent
and worthy officer, and the sun shines and the rain falls as in
olden time.

There is also a Baptist Church, formed long ago, declining
and apparently dying some years since, but revived and re-organ-
ized, and now in active operation, with a few members.

There were at onetime throe school districts and three school-
houses in the settlement, which was then seven miles long and two
miles wide. There is now only one schoolhouse, though some
colored families attend at the white schools, and without objec-
tion or complaint.

The school is maintained by the public funds.

A colored musical band is kept up, and its members are very
proud of the fact that, at the soldiers' re-union, held at Win-
chester in the fall of 1880, they gained the prize offered for pro-
ficiency and skill in performance.

There is also an African Methodist Episcopal Church in reg-
ular operation in the settlement, in which worship and si
are steadily maintained.

Some twentj years or more ago, sevei-al colored families had
their attention called to the fact that there were cheap lands at u
point between Winchester and Lynn, not far from Snow Hill.
They resolved to settle there, and did so, and by and by a settle-
ment of several families had grown up in that region.
They aie located in Washington Tovraship, and form a separate
school district. Their children appear to be making good prog-
ress, and the settlers in general arc approving themselves to the
people in the region round about Since these various settle-
ments began to be formed, many have emigrated to other places
— to Grant County, Ind., to Paulding County, Ohio, and else-
where. But a considerable number remain in each neighborhood
still.

It is a somewhat remarkable fact, and one favorable to the
colored settlers, and to the people of Randolph County at large,
that, in 1851, Randolph County gave a good, majority against the
famous thirteenth article of the new constitution adopted for In-
diana in that year.

The people of these settlements belong mostly to the African
Methodist Episcopal and the Wesleyan Chirrches. They have
meeting-houses and preachers, and, on the whole, are a church-
going people.

The first settlement at Snow Hill was made about 1838.
Gabriel Moore came into the region in 1888. Michael and William
Benson moved there in 1840. Benjamin Copeland settled there
about 1817. Davison Copeland settled there about 1850; Little-
burn Winbtirn, about 1818 or 1841). Prentiss Copeland came just
before the war.

Afterw.u-d came Meredith Small, Elisha Boon, Wiley Law-
rence and son, Jesse Winn, Thomas Watkius, Henry VVatkins,
John Bragg, Isaac Watkins, Jamas Watkins, William Culfor.

No more than ten or twelve families have been here at one

The families resident now are Wiley Lawrence, William Ben-
son, Mrs. Michael Benson, Thomas Watkins, Henry Watkins,
Asbury Benson, l\Irs. Elisha Boon. John Bragg, Isaac Watkins.
James AVutkins, William Culfor.

There is an African Methodist Episcopal society and a pub-
lic school. Some of the residents own the land on which they
dwell; others live on rented f aims. The people of the settlement
are moral and industrious, and the young are intelligent and well
behaved, and, by their discreet deportment, merit the confidence
and esteem of the community ih general.

s of color have been residents of Randolph County out-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

135

side of the settlements referred to. Among them may be reck-
oned, as having been for many years active and prominent among
the people, William H. Demory, who resides some miles south-
vrest of Winchester. He is an intelligent gentleman, a thrifty,
enterprising farmer, and an active, worthy citizen, and has the
respect of all who know him. His biography is given elsewhere
in this work. His father, John Demory, is said to have been the
earliest colored settler in the western part of the county. An
account of his life, also, is given elsewhere.

In later years, some persons of color have become residents of
Winchester and Union City. At Winchester resides an old col-
ored gentleman by the name of Willis Perry, whost-. biography is
given. Another enterprising colored man is found there in
the person of Kent Bro^vne, Esq., for several years an active,
thriving and respected barber in that town. He became during
the war an employe in the army of Gen. Thomas M. Brovnio,
and came North with him. Kent Browne has many friends
among the citizens of the county, and bids fair to achieve an
honorable success.

At Union City are a considerable number of families and per-
sons of color, special mention of whom time and room now fail
to give.

Henry McDonald, who resides at Spartanburg, Ind., has
been, through a long life, a laborious, worthy and reliable citi-
zen, and still, though numbering more than threescore years
and ten, is found vigorously plying his hammer and making the
sounding anvil ring.

TEMPIJBASCE.

There have always been among this people,
who would indulge in intoxicating liquors. Considerable efiforte
have been put forth to check the sin and the curse of drink,
with at least partial success.

In about 1850 (perhaps earlier), a temperance society was
formed in the Greenville settlement, and carried on with interest
and a degree of success, for, perhaps, ten or twelve years. That
society finally went down. In 1874, when the Murphy movement
aroused the country, a new association, auxiliary to the Christian
Temperance Union, was formed and kept up for several years.

The meetings were held at the two churches at frequent in-
tervals, and great interest was maintained for a time by speeches
and essays from the members, both male and female, by volun-
teer singing by the young people of the settlement, by addresses
from abroad, etc. And to the credit of the youth of the neigh-
borhood, be it said, that right nobly did they each and all per-
form the work assigned them. Some beautiful music was pre-
sented, several excellent addresses were delivered, showing what
young people, when aroused to action, can do for their country
and their kind.

It is a terrible commentary on the deadly mischief wrought
by the sale and use of intoxicating drinks, and how nearly impos-
sible is the task to destroy the terrible curse, that at a liquor
saloon at Tampico, Ohio, in the colored settlement, on Christ-
mas Eve, after a drunken shooting match in the immediate vicin-
ity, and a furious fight among the parties thereto, one man was
killed outright, another was so nearly killed that for a long time
his life was despaired of, and still another was so badly beaten
that his face was said by one who saw him the next morning to
be nearly as black as that of a Guinea negro. Four men have
been nearly ever since in the Greenville jail, and the first one
tried (the trial taking place diuring the week beginning Monday,
March 6, 1882), has been founvl guilty and sentenced to imprison-
ment during life, and the trial of the second is now in progress
(March 15, 1882).

For many years two churches have been maintained in the
Greenville settlement, viz.: African Methodist Episcopal
Church, in Indiana; Wesleyan Church, in Ohio. The churches
are just one mile apart. They have been established from forty
to fifty years. Great numbers have belonged, from first to last,
to one church or the other, and the societies have flourished more
or less during the whole course of their existence.

Eegular preaching services have been constantly maintained.

and revival meetings have been held, continuing sometimes for
weeks together, gathering into the church fellowship sometimes
scores of professed converts. Many have backslidden from time
to time, but many, too, have stood fast, enduring to the end, and
going up to claim the promise of a heavenly mansion from their
gracious Savior and Lord. Great numbers have ''died in the
Lord." Their bodies slumber in the dust; their happy spirits,
set free from earth and its besetments and entanglements, have
gone, we may fain hope and believe, to be forever with the Lord.
Some of the members of the African Methodist Episcopal
Church on the Indiana side have been Robert Scott, Matthew
Lewis, Allen Davis, Daniel Burden, John Randle, Reuben Ran-
dle, Levi Linzey, the Pnrnell brothers (three or four of them),
Nimrod Lewis and many others.

Among their preachers have been Paul Quinn (late Bishop of
the African Methodist Episcopal Chiu-ch), Mackintosh, Ward, the
Revels brothers. Harper, Mac Smith, Burden, Winslow, Radcliff,
Chavis, Stokes and many besides.

Stw7v Hill. — There is an African Methodist Episcopal Church
at this settlement, which is reasonably flourishing, but we have
no account of it at hand. It belongs in the same circuit with
Greenville and some others.

Regular Union Baptitt Church, Colored. — Nettle Creek Town-
ship, one and a half ipiles southeast of Pleasant View.

About 1843, Rev. Samuel Jones, from Mercer County, Ohio,
came to Cabin Creek settlement and preached in a log school-
house near the present site of the Baptist Church (a little south
of James Scott's residence). He organized a church, which has
remained to the present time.

The memljers were Stephen Patterson, Isom Davis, James
Scott and wife, Thomiis Robinson and wife. The meeting-house
was built in 18(jO-G5. It was for some years a lively church,
and several others were formed in the region, and a little asso-
ciation was organized. The churches were at Newport, Green-
ville settlement, one in Grant County and one in Rush County.
A meeting of the association was held at Greenville settle-
ment, in the Wesleyan Church, on the Ohio side.

The churches at Greenville settlement and Newport (Fountain
City) have gone down; the others are existing still.

The church at Nettle Creek languished on account of finan-
cial troubles, but in 1878 it was formed anew, with seven per-
sons, and now consists of nine members, as follows:

Tames Scott and wife, William Shoecraft and wife, Reuben
Means, Keziah Scott, Ann Eliza Scott, Rachel Sawyer, Susan
Amanda Wood.

At one time there were thirty-five members belonging.
The preachers have been Messrs. Samuel Jones (first), Samuel
Jones (second), John Jones, Lee Van, Reuben Means, Unis B.
Plane (present minister).

They have Sunday school, but not very regularly.
Cabin Creek {Colored) M. E. C/iwrc/t. —Began in 1833. The
first meeting- house was at their old graveyard southeast of Pop
lar Run Friends' Meeting-House. That house has been gone
many years (closed in 1865), and they have worshiped in their
schoolhouse to the present time. They are now erecting a taste-
ful and commodious church near their public school building,
which will furnish ample accommodations for worshiping assem-
blies for years t(, come. The size is 28x38; cost, $700.

Among their early members were Nathan Ward (Rev.), Ben-
jamin Skipworth (Rev.), Burrell Jones (Rev.), Job Felton, Willis
Grain, Harrison Hurdle, Elisha Hurdle, Hardy Evans, B. Per-
kins, Elias Watkins, Richard Robbins, John Smith, James Fer-
guson, Alexander Williams, William Davison (Rev.), Benjamin
Outland, Samuel Outland.

Some of their preachers have been John Turner, Mcintosh,
Dove, Davison, Ward, William Trevan, Skipworth, Stokes, Wins
low, Quinn, Crosby, Crosby, Daniel Burden, Harper, Price, Mc-
Smith, Nichols, Alexander Smith, Chavis.

The members now are P. Perkins, Chai'les Smothers and wife,
Peter Ladd and wife, Maria Stafford, Edward Bolden and wife,
Minerva Moore, Anna Weaver, Rev. Isaac Ward, Elias Watkins,
Mary Jane Smith, Mahala Perkins, Eveline Jennings, Emily
Barber, Rebecca Wood, Armeta Wood, eto.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The settlment used to bo BPvcn miles long and two miles wide;
now, only about two miles long.

The meeting-house is in West Kiver Township, two miles
southeast of Pleasant View. A large part of the .settlement is in
Nettle Creek Township, though it used to extend into three —
West River and Stony Creek also.

The first preacher in the settlement was Rev. Paul Quinn,
then circuit-rider, afterwai'd, dxu-ing many years, Bishop of Af-
rican Methodist Episcopal Church, and dying at Richmond,
Ind., several years ago.

There were once eighty or one hundred families in that col-
ored .settlement, and the Methodist class was strong and flom-ish-
ing. The settlement and the Methodist society are both much
smaller than of old.

BIOQKAPHY.

Wo furnish herewith short accounts of some who were early
pioneers among tho colored people in Randolph County, or who
have boon in some way distinguished among them.

Thornton Alexander, Sr., farmer, colored, born about 1780,
Ciilpeper Coimty, V3., a slave; but set free at thirty-six (ISIO).
His master, Abram Sellers, brought him, with his wife and nine
children, to Wan-en County, Ohio, in ISKi. He moved to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1822 (first colored settlor on Indiana side
in Greenville colored settlement). He entered, first and last,
820 acres of land. His patents are signed by James Monroe and
Andrew Jackson. He died in 1851, aged about seventy-one
years. He had fifteen children — thi-ee pair of twins. All lived
to be grown but one pair of twins. He was twice married. Tho
children were Gabriel and John, Henry, Thornton, Betsey, Jo-
seph, Isaac and Jacob, Abraham, twins (no name), Lueinda,
Mary, Joshua, Casey Ann.

Gabriol, Uiii children, six living; twice married; dead many

John, ton childi-en, three living; twice married; died 187U,
aged sevonty-tive years; second wife still living.

Henry, four children; diedjin 1840 by a tree-fall.

Thornton, five children, all living; wife dead many years;
barber, Richmond, Ind. ; seventy years old.

Betsey, married George N. Black; six children; dead about
ten years.

Joseph, three children; dead thirty years.

Jacob, man-led Rebecca Clark; two children; South Bend;
barber.

Isaac, four times married — Virginia Clark, Charlotte Gales,
Eliza Bass, Elizabeth Alexander; five children, all living. He
is the only one that still holds any of his father's land.

Abraham, died a young man.

Lueinda, died (date not known).

Mary, married Zebodoe Smith; died yeai's ago.

Joshua, died, date unknown.

Casey Ann, maiTi(!d Thomson; lives in Michigan.

Mr. Alexander was a very enterprising, hard-working citizen,
entirely unleamou, but of good sense and with sound business
judgment, very energetic and economical withal. Like the chil-
dren of many another thriving, hard-working fnrmer, his family
did not seem to acquire the habits of economy and thrift prac-'
ticed by their father, and tho whole tract, except some fifty acres
held by Isaac Alexander and his family, has hmg since slipped
from the fingers of his descendants, leaving very little to show

So sadly true does tho fact turn out to be that the possession
of a lai-ge property by a father, ])roves, in many instances, a nui-
sance rather than an advantiige to his children. Ho works and
saves and leaves his estate to them. They sjiond and lose, and
ore niauv years are far worse ofl' than if they had begun with
nothing.

ISAAC ALEXANPEH, OliEKNSI'OIiK.

' ' When we came here I was ten years o'd. Sp;u^.ansburg had
not been begun. That ground was th(!n a corn-fiold, and for sev-
eral years afterward. Mr. Hawkins lived on the Hough place;

Mr. Thomas, on tho Dan Comer place; someljody on the Frank
Morgan place; Mr. Bailey on the Moorman place, below town.

In the colored settlement, William Lewis and Philip Holland
bought each eighty acres near the Griffis place. Lewis sold his,
but Philip Holland kept his till his death, in 1872 or 1S73.

Collier Simpson came about 1830. He died years ago.

Ezekiel Lewis came not long after T. Alexander. Ho has
been dead a long time. His widow lives at Foimtain City, Ind.

I was at the Indian payments the year the last one was
made. The Pottawatomies wore pai<l at Eel River, Pottawato
mie Mills, beyond tho Wabash, at Tippecanoe, an Indian
town; and the Miamisat tho forks of the Waba,sh, being the jimc-
tion of the Wabash and Mississinewa.

There wore jiorhaps five hundred of them in each place. Tho
woods were fqll of them. The Indians were sent away the next
season. I saw them at Piqua as they went down the canal t«
Cincinnati to tako steamers down the Ohio and on the Missis-
sippi for the far West.

I have resided in Canada five years."

Mr. Isaac Alexander has been married four times, the fourth
wife being still living. He had no children except by his third
wife. He resides on a part of his father's estate, and is gi-owintr
old and feeble, though still able to do more or less work.

He is the only one of his father's large family who remains
in the settlement. The ri^st are either dead or removed long ago
to other regions.

Born a slave in North Carolina in 17i)8. His master's name
was Roland Jones. He was set free in 1832. He came to Way no
County, Ind., in 1834, and to Randolph County in 1843. Ho
married Mary Ann Moore in 1842. He has had eighteen chil-
dren, fom- in slavery, fourteen in freedom. Eight of the four-
teen are still livllig. He is a Methodist Episcopal and a Repub-
lican, and tesides ohe-half mile south of Rural, on the railroad.
Although eighty-four years old, he is still strong and hearty and
in good spirits, thankful to the Great Giver of all good for all
the mercies received. Ho states as follows:

My master's name was Roland Jones. I had a wife and four
children, who belonged to Samuel Jones. He ''broke up," ami
his property was sold by the Sherifl'. My wife and children
were sold on the block and taken to Alabama, and I never have
heard from them since, except once, a short time after. My
brotlier, Michael, and my mother, were freed with me, at my
master's death.

My master had his fourth wife. We were to work the place
and take care of her till she died, and we were to have the surplus
of all we could make off the jilace, and Michael and myself were
to have each one a horse and four- sheep, and our freedom.

We took care of the widow till she died, and then we settled
our affairs and moved to Indiana. We had $100 in money, and
loft $125 behind, which we got afterward. We came with John
Jones, who sold out and moved to Indiana.

I had but little, but, by the blessing of God, I have been able
to care for a family of fourteen children, and now see my eighty-
fourth year, and I hope to be kept in peace and comfort till God
shall see fit to call mo homo.

Samuel Jonos, who owned my wife, was very prominent. He
was High Sheriff of Rowan County; had been elected to the
Logislatiu-e (both Houses) several terms, and was administrator
of many estates; married into the wealthy Brown family, and
got a largo legacy from his wife's grandfather. My master gave
a fine plantation to Samuel and Robin Jones, and took his share
in slaves, and tlien sot them free.

Samuel Jonos fiom-inhe<l round like a ' ' green bay tree " for
awhile, and then " broke up" and "went to sticks." The Sheriff
sold his property, and he "took the prison bound," as it is called
— i. o. , he was sent to jail for debt, but was allowed to live outside
the jail under obligation not to go beyond a certain specified
limit. Ho was a "Head Mason," and, in fact, was prominent in
most matters of the region and time. Many believed that he
" broke " fnll-haudod.

Slavery was a hard and bitter thing, and I thank the good

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

137

Lord that I have been spared to see the end of that " sum of all
villainies."

MICHAEL BENSON, COLOREI), SNOW HILL.

Born in 1807, in North Carolina, a slave; set free by Row-
land Jones(see William Benson); married Nancy Lewis inlSH'J;
came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1840. He has had
children: was a farmer, and a Eopubli
fifty-seven years old.

His widow lives at Snow Hill settlement still,
immai-ried. She belongs to the African Methodist Episcopal
Church.

He died in 1804,

Bom in Carroll County, Tenn., August 2, 1840. His mother
had been freed before he was bom, but she, and he, too, lived on
the plantation where she had been a slave till he was twenty-
three or twenty-four years old.

He went into the ai'my as a hostler for Col. Thomas M.
Browne, starting the •' Cold New Years," January 1, 1804, and
continuing with him through the marches of the regiment in
Mississippi, Missouri, Arkansas and Texas, till the Colonel
was mustered out of service, at Hempstead. Texas, in the spring
of 1800. Coming with Col. Browne to AVinchester in March,
1806, Kent began W once as a barber, and has followed that busi-

In 1867, he married Mary Burden, daughter of Marshal Bur-
den, of Greenville settlement, Darke Co., Ohio, and they have no
children.

He had no education when young, and has not taken time to
acquire any since, but he is shrewd and active in business, and
highly respected by his fellow-citizens in the town of his resi-
dence.

Was born in South Carolina, a freeman, in 1782. He came
to Tennessee, and afterward to Wayne County, Ind., and again
to Darke County, Ohio, Greenville settlement — the latter move-
ment in 1888. He had thirteen children, eleven of whom became
grown and were married and nine are now living. Their names
were William, James, Priscilla. Lucy, Silas, Lewis, Daniel,
Thomas, Caroline, John, Joel, Sidna, Biddy. He died in 1848.
His wife, Polly, died in 1870. She is said to have been several
years older than her husband, and to have been upward of a
hundred years old when she died, in 1876. If so, she must have
been born before the Declaration of Independence was made, and
she had lived through the entire period of our independent na-
tional existence.

ABRAHAM COT-M.iJI, GllEENSFOEK.

Born in 1702 in South Carolina. He was a slave, owned by
Joshua Hickman, a Baptist. His wife wa.i Ann Maria Johnson,
who was born in "Old Maryland," nine miles from Georgetown,
D. C, about 1800. She belonged to Mr. Newsam. They were
set free and came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1882, moving after-
ward to Randolph County (Cabin Creek settlement), and still
after that to Greenville settlement.

He had three children, one of whom, Hiram Cotman, is now

Abraham Cotm.an died in the winter of 1870, aged eighty-
four years. Ho bought two diiferent tracts of land near Cabin
Creek. First, he entered forty acres of land, and afterward
boi.jht forty acres nearer Winchester. His widow is now living,
and^resides in Greenville settlement, northeast of Spartanburg.

HILLRY CHAVOUS (COLORED)

Wiis born August 10, 1823, in Charlotte County, Va., his ances-
tors having been free for several generations, during at least sev-
enty or eighty years. He was one of fourteen children, thirteen
of whom became grown and were married, and seven or eight are

i/-, '"'.ther died in Virginia, in 1848, at the age of sixty years,
havir , been a wagon-maker by trade, at which trade also Hillry
work;; 1 in his youth and early manhood. His father was in good
circumstances, owning 130 acres of land in Virginia, and he was
an active, intelligent man, though without book education.

Hillry came, in 1855, to Washington City, working there at
his business as a wagon-maker. lu 1861, he came West to Ox-
ford, Ohio, in 1801, going afterw;ird to Iowa, working on a firm
one year in Johnson County, eighteen miles from Iowa City. He
spent three years at Michigan City, Ind., turning neck-yokes
with Hostler & Myers. In 1866, he set up business in turning
neck-yokos, etc., at Portland, Ind., entering a partnership witli
J. N. Templar of that place. He invested |2,0Ua in that enter-
prise, and was so unfortunate as to lose the whole In 1868, he
changed his place of business to Union City, at which place he
remained until about 1881, when he removed to Parker (Morris-
town), on the Bee Line Railroad. At Union City, he was in
business with various persons, Messrs, Hartzell, Mason, Stocks-
dale, Willson, etc. Mr. C. has very little education, but he pos-
sesses great mcchanic.il skill, having invented several ingcniou.s
machines — .is an oscillating engine, a lathe for turning neck-
yoke.-i, for both of which he obtained patents, and whicii seem
both ingenious and practical, though, like many another skillful
mechanician, he always lacks for means to make his contrivances
extensively available.

He has been twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth
Davis, and they were married at Oxford, Ohio. She died at
Michigan City, having been the mother of four children, three of
them still living. His second wife was Mrs. Anna (Ratliffe)
Berry, who, though twice married, has had no offspring.

Ever since setting up business at Portland, Ind., he has been
engaged in the turning business in some form. If he could com-
mand capital equal to his business activity and shrewdness, he
would indeed make a. stir among his fellow-citizens; as it is, he
has, for many years, been wide-awake, and ever active and enter-
prising among his fellow-citizens.

JOHN BEMORY, FREE-BORN, HALE FRENCHltAN.

Was born in Charleston, S. C, in 1774, He mawied Sarah
Kobison in Anson County, N. C, in 1801. He came to Randolph
County, Ind., with Lemuel Vestal, in J 825, on Stony Creek, near
the Thornburg.s. He had eleven children, as follows:

Mary, married William Weaver, living: Irvin, John, Han-
nah; Robert, living in Cabin Creek settlement; Charles, Cole-
man; AVilliam, living southwest of Winchester: Zachary; Phebo
Ann, married Jacob Felters, living; Maston.

He was the first colored man to settle in the west part of
Randolph County. The second there was Drew Taylor, on Eight
Mile Creek. The third was Obadiah Anderson, near Wayne
County.

Mr. Demory owned eighty acres of land and a house and lot
in Winchester, at the time of his death, which took place in 1800
in his eighty-sixth year.

Is the son of John Demory, above mentioned. His biog-
raphy is elsewhere given. We add some sketches describing his
(juaint and varied adventures from his own lips. He now owns
the eighty acres west of Winchester that used to belong to his
father. He ib a prosperous and thrifty farmer.

APDENDA.

" In 1847, I crossed the ocean as Steward on the steamer
Washington to Southampton, and Bremorhaven, and Paris.
Returning to New York, I shipped on the steamer Hermann to
England again, and after that on the Iroquois from New York
to the West Indies.

"I commenced life on ship-board in 1845, being body serv-
ant to Commodore Perry on the James K. Polk, which was burned
at the Straits of Gibraltar, and accomjianying the Commodore in
a six-months' trip through the Mediterranean, the Rod Sea,
Egypt and elsewhere. Returning to New York, he went up the
Hudson to Whitehall and so to Buffalo, and upon Lake Erie to
bring a vessel thence through to Lake Erie, the Welland Canal,
Lake Ontario, the River St. Lawrence, the Gulf of St. Lawrence
and the Atlantic Ocean, to Brooklyn Navy Yard. The ocean

138

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

voyages above mentioned took place after my service with Com-
modore Perry as just related.

"In 1852, I came AVest to Cincinnati. I went upon the
steamboat Fanny Bullitt as cabin boy, giving a bill of sale of
myself to the Captain, because it was considered safer in going
down the river into a slave country to be reckoned as belonging
to some responsible party, than to go as a free man. Afterward
shipping as Steward on the Echo, Capt. Key, I wont up Red
River te Natchitoches. The Echo was burned just below Alex-
andria, with a cargo of cotton. Going back, my next engage-
ment was on the Magnolia, Capt. Thomson, running in the New
Orleans and St Louis trade. Capt. Thomson was the worst man
I ever had to do with. On the way up the river, he fell out v/ith
me. I was folding napkins, and some ladies coming along
ha'^-lcc -:e some papers, saying, ' Please hand those to the Cap-
tr.iu.' I did so, thinking no harm. They proved to be 'kiss
papers ' from some candy they had been eating. He was a bach-
elor, and took the act as an insult, and, with !tn oath, kicked mo
severely. I turned in a flash and knocked him down. He was
enraged, but, not venturing more summary measures, he put me
on shore and had me arrested. I explained to the officer, and he
believed me, and put me on an up-river steamer, and I got to St.
Louis as soon as Capt. Thomson did. He had my baggage, and
I presumed I should hever get it. But I did, for shipping on the
James H. Lucas, Capt. McGuire, at St. Louis, bound up the Mis-
souri River, Capt. Thomson, coming to put some lady passengers
on hoard that steamer, found me there; and he cried, 'Hallo,
William; is that you?' I thought I was a gonor, but he merely
said, 'I have got your baggage locked up' on my vessel for fear
those niggers would steal it. Come and get it. ' I feared that
was a trap to catch me on board his vessel, but I wanted my
baggage, and I went after it, and got it all right, and no harm
came to me. We went up to St. Joe and back to St. Louis.

" My next trip was on the George W. Kendall, Capt. Norton.
I shipped one time on the Itasca from Cincinnati via Louisville,
and up the Mississippi to St Anthony's Falls. At another time,
I shipped as Steward for a trip up the Mississippi. At Nauvoo
I went on shore and bought some provisions for the boat, as I
had a right to do. The Clerk, however, who was also part owner,
was provoked at me, because ho generally bought them himself,
and charged them up at advanced prices, thus filling his own
pocket. He swore at me, and said he would settle with me at St.
Louis. When there, he came at mo with a club, and I caught
his club with one hand and struck him with the other, flooring
him. Ho was very bad and cruel, and those on board took my
part, and I got out of the trouble unharmed.

"At another time, the Captain of the boat on which I was em-
ployed set me to guard a certain line, and to prevent all persons
from passing beyond it. The people mostly submitted quietly;
but one fellow, a boat-runner, refused to observe the directions
of our Captain, and, saying he would not be ordered round by a
Cincinnati free nigger, drew his revolver. I had a little one in
my hip pocket, and, drawing it quick as lightning, I shot him in
the mouth. He fell, and I ran into my room and hid my pistol.
A comrade found it where I had hid it, and hid it again, and
they never discovered it. I was taken and tried, bxit men testi-
fied that I was peaceable and never can'ied a pistol, and iny at-
torney maintained the ground that the man fell somehow,
a..d iliat, his o\m revolver exploding, he was shot in that way. I
got clear once more by paying some fine and the costs. But
tl-'-'sc tilings wore becoming too common to be interesting, and I
loit ooat life, got married and settled down to business on the
land."

HENEY m' DONALD, COLORE!.., SPANTAN8BUKO, BLACKSMITH.

Was born in South Carolina in 1814 His mother had been
r, la e, but was set free before his birth. He came to Preblo
Ccaniy, Ohio, in ISIJi); married Mary Knowles, and has hud
foiu' children, all dead; moved to Greenville settlement in 1850,
anJ! to Spartaur,biu-g in 1859. He learned the blacksmith's trade
ii P uth CaroUra when a boy fifteen or sixteen years old, and
Las -allowed it ^ .er since.

He is now sixty-seven years of age, but works in his shop
still. He is a kind neighbor, and a skillful and faithful

workman, and is respected and relied on as an upright and sub-
stantial citizen. He has a good property in the town of Spar-
tansburg, including a fine house and lot, and the shop in which
he follows his life-long vocation. He says of himself:

" 1 have no education. This fact has greatly hindered me in
business. I forget so much of my work that I lose largely. I have
never been troubled in any other way. Peoi)le have always been
friendly. I was to have had some schooling, but just then Nat
Tui-ner's insurrection broke out in Virginia, and laws were passed
forbidding colored people to be taught. A free colored man who
taught another free colored man got T>()0 lashes and was put in
jail. A white man, for the same thing, was fined $000 and impris-
oned. All gatherings of slaves separate from whites were prohib-
ited by severe penalties; so I got no schooling. I went to Sun-
day school a few times before Nat Turner's day. In other re-
spects, I got along very well. My apprt^nticeship lasted five years.
I then worked for a man, furnishing the tools and he the shop.
When a boy, I lost four years' work.

" My father (a white man) hired me out for four years (eleven
to fifteen years), for $20, $25, $80 and $40; the money to bo paid
to mo at twenty-one. But I never got it He was killed iu the
Cumberland Mountains, having been robbed of $G,(tO0 ns he was
coming North to buy land. The murderer was caught and hung.
If father had lived, I should have got the money all right; but
as it was, I never got it"

W^as born in Perquimans County, N. C, in ]71»5. Ho was a
slave forty years. He was bought and set free by David AVhite,
a generous Quaker gentleman, and brought by him to Newport,
Wayne Co., Ind., in 1885, with his wife and family of six chil-
dren. Mr. Perry had maiTied Nancy Mills in North Carolina,
who was what was called "Quaker free'' — i. e., her Quaker
owner had done as much toward setting her free as the laws of
Carolina allowed at the time. Their seventh child, Rachel, was
born three weeks after the arrival of the family in Wayne County.

They had thirteen children in all. His wife died in 1802,
and was buried in Dunkirk Burying-Ground, west of Winchester,
her husband erecting a neat and tasteful monument over her
gi-ave, at a cost of $100, containing the following inscription:

" I was a slave, freed by a law-suit prosecuted by David
MTiite, the Quaker, may God bless his name! My husband's
freedom was bought for $075. He made the money on rented
land. ■\Aiio of you that tauntingly say of my race, ' They can't
take care of themselves,' have done better? "

They had no property when they came to this county, but Mr.
Perry set to work at once with a hopeful spirit and an invincible
purpose to attain a position of comfort ?Tid independence. He
began by renting land of Thomas Hill, oortheast of Newport.
He ha<.l, the first year, fourteen acres oj. corn, raising a big crop,
and fatting $120 worth of hogs. He worked his crop with an
old blind horse that cost him $5. He bought an old cart " for
a song," had it made into a wagon, and so on. Not many years
after, ho bought eighty acres of land near Dunkirk, for $770,
paying $11'0 and giving notes for $580. Those notes he obtained
at a heavy discount, getting them by the payment of $880 cash,
thus saving $200 by the operation.

On this farm he resided till after the war, selling it at length
for $8,0(X). He purchased property near Versailles, Darke Co.,
Ohio, remaining there three years, selling at a sacrifice; he re-
turned to Indiana and settled at AVinchest'er, where he still resides.

After the loss of his fii-st wife, ho married Hetty Ann Kimsey,
which union proved a misfortune, since, after living with her
four years, he was obligetl to obtain a divorce.

Mr. Perry has no education, but he has always been steady,
faithful, industrious, frugal, honest and respected.

His life has been long, and his adventures varied, he being
now in bis eighty-eighth year.

He is feeble iu health, having suffered a severe attack of the
palsy five years ago, and another attack not long since.

He belongs to no religious society, but says he is ti'ying to
live a pure and upright life, and hopes to meet his friends in
heaven.

HISTORY OF RANDOLrH COUNTY.

139

JOHN RANELE, GKEENSFORK, 1833.

Lives in the Greenville colored settlement, and had been a
resident there for forty-eight years. His story can best be told in
his own words:

"I was bom in Virginia, east of the Alleghany Mountains,
in 175)0, being a slave, and was sold on the auction block and
taken to Georgia and sold again. The man who bought luo
bought also two others, who had, it seems, been stolen. The
owner of the two came on, found, claimed and gained them.
My pm-chaser kept the two, and gave me in part payment for
them. I was then taken to South Carolina and sold by that
owner to his mother. She came to Indiana in 18K), to get away
from slavery. She owned four. She was a Methodist, and her
husband a Quaker. Before his death, they both freed all they
b"d owned; but slie bought four more and brought them to In-
diana. The company were my mistress, hor son and daughter,
her daughter's husband and the foiu' slaves. Mistress died in
1813. Shortly afterward, I sued for my freedom. By Ten-ito-
rial law, a man might hold his slaves awhile by his recording an
inventory of them, and, if under foarteen, they could be held
till thirty-seven years old; if over fourteen, the slave could have
his choice as to length of time. They put me down as under
fourteen. This law had been declared void. Others had sued
and gained freedom, and so I tried it, too. I agreed to give the
lawyer $100 if he gained my suit. I had no money, of course,
but I was in custody of the Sheriff, and he hired me out two
years, my wages to follow the suit. I was set free, and I gave
the lawyer an order on the Sheriff for .fJOO, which he got, but I
never got any mora When I heard my petition read, it made
me charge my owner with jjounding, beating, striking, tying,
chaining, and I know not what all. I was scared, for 1 had made
no such charges; and besides, the Clerk told me I must prove my
affidavit, which I knew could not be done in that shape. I went
on foot to see my attorney at Brookville, James Noble (and a
noble old man he was, too), and said to him, ' Mr. Noble, I never
told you my owners abused me. They never struck me a blow
in my life.' He replied, 'Oh, never mind; you go home;
we'll fix that all right.' When the Jury brought me in free,
he whispered, ' Now, Johnny, get your $3.25 and pay the
jury.' (At that time, the successful party had t« pay the
jury.) I went and got the money of my employer and paid
them, and I was a free mau. This was at Salisbury, two
and a half miles west of Kichmond, then county seat of
Wayne County. I had nothing, but began to work. I went to
Fort Wayne in the fall of 1817 (by 'Quaker Trace ') with some
teamsters. From one mile north of Spartansburg there was no
farm till near Fort Wayne. There were two stations — one at
Mississinawa and one at 'Wabash. Fort Wayne was a fort and
an Indian trading post. I was first married to Sarah Culpher
in 1817. She died in six months. I married again in 1820, my
second wife being Lydia Sawyer. I worked three or four years
as a traveling pewter-molder, molding over old pewter, etc. My
home was in Preble County, Ohio, and I traveled extensively, on
horseback, with my tools in saddle-bags, through Western Ohio,
to Dayton, Cincinnati, Springfield, Urbana, Toledo, etc., and so
to Michigan and through Eastern Indiana, mostly, however, on
Twin and Wolf Creeks, and on Mad River, Ohio. I made money,
and saved enough to buy some land. I came to Spartansburg
in 1833, and purchased seventy-four acres for $500, including
thi-ee big hay- stacks. I bought more afterward, till I had 220
acres there, and finally sold it to Wilson Anderson in 1874. I
ti'ied to settle near Bethel, and bargained for some land, but the
man's neighbors were so hostile that he backed out. I went to
school a little in South Carolina to make up for lost time of
whi.j children. My mistress taught me some, and the rest I
have picked up as I could. I tried to send my children to school
at Spartansburg, but they were treated so imkiudly that I took
them out. Afterward, there was school in the colored settlement
east of me, and I sent there. Daniel Hill, Ira Marine, Betsey
Black, Ann Wi'liams, etc., taught them. I have tried to keep
posted on the nifairs of the country. Ever since the anti-slavery
movement arose, I have taken papers, sometimes several at once.
I hnve had the Liberator, Valladium, Emancipator, Pliilanthro-

pist, Standard, Natimial Era, Wcsh'ijan, etc. From the time
of Bailey's death {National Era), I have taken the Gazette.
When I came to Spartansburg in J 833, the colored settlers near
the State line were Thornton .ilexaudor and his large family of
grown and married children; Ezokiol Lewis, Collier Simpson;
William Lewis, father of .\lfi-ed Lewis; etc.; Allen Davis, neai-
Jessup's Mill; Philip Holland, near the Griiilia farm. Thornton
Alexander was the first.

The old meetinghouse (A. M. E.) was built about 1837.
The religious work for both sides at first w.is done by the white
Methodists. The African Methodist Episcopal society broke off
first, but some stayed with the white Methodists till the Wesley-
ans arose. The white Methodist meeting-house was in Ohio, in
the woods near the Clemens Bm-ying-Ground. Afterward, the
Wesleyans built a log chm'ch near their present one."

Mr. Randle has clear judgment, strong sense and firm prin-
ciple. Mr. Ralph Pomroy, merchant at Spartansburg, once said
that, if John Randle were white, ho would be sent to the Legis-
lature. He has always been an active and intelligent friend of
education. He was one of the first Trustees of Union Literary
Institute, and held that position for thirty years, and until age
and infirmity obliged him to resign. Hie is now blind, but other-
wise sprightly and active. His mind seems as bright is ever,
his memory being sharp and vigorous, and it is a rich treat to
talk with him of those old times when darkness lay heavy and
thick over all the land, Mr. Randle has been u.any times to
Canada. Ho moved there first in 1 832, and once afterward. He
has owned land there. He owned at one time 500 acres in the
settlement, but now only 140 there, and in all, 300. He has had
eleven children, five living — Mary, Reuben, Moses, Nathan,
Elijah; William, Nathan and Elijah reside in Paulding County,
Ohio; Mary lives at Oxford, Ohio; Moses is at Westville, Ohio; Reu-
ben lives in the settlement inGreensfork; William has had eight
children; Marj'jfive; Reuben, six; Moses has one. His second wife
died in 1851, and he married Nancy Sizomore in 1857. This mar-
riage did not prove fortunate, and they were divorced. She died
two or three years ago. Mr. Randle now resides with his son Reu-
ben. He has been for years totally blind, but enjoys otherwise
excellent health, waiting cheerfully the hoiu when the darkness of
earth shall be dispersed by the inofi'able brightness of the glorious
kingdom.

Mr. Randle died Sejitember 27, 1881, aged eighty-five years,
and was bmied in the old Quaker Graveyard, near C. Crist's.

EICHARD ROBBINS.

Born in South Carolina in 1 800, a freeman, was a black-
smith; came to Wayne County, Ind., about 1820, and to Ran-
dolph County (Cabin Creek) about 1825; married Margaret Ter-
ry, daughter of Jerry Teny, and afterward, Susan Davis, daugh-
ter of Allen Davis. He had sixteen children — eleven by his first
wife and five by his second — eight of whom are living. His
children were Eliza, Agnes. Elwood, Nancy, John, Melindn,
Reuben, Celia, Ann, Simeon and an infant: Clarkson, Wiley A.,
Wesley, Silas, Alouzo. Clarkson wont South to teach after the
war, and died there; John, Simeon and Reuben were in the
Union army.

Mr. Robbins was an enterprising, thriving, intelligent man,
a humble, active Christian and a highly respected citizen. He
acquired a good property, and, a few years before his death, was
worth several thousand dolhu-s.

Though without early advantages, he became a man of much
information. Many of his children have attained a good edu-
cation.

He was a strong and thorough Abolitionist, and en-
gaged eai-nestly in the work of that active body of citizens, and
lived to see his race freed and enfranchised, and, for several
years before his death, enjoyed the privilege of the ballot.

He was, in religion, a Wesleyan Methodist, and in politics,
an unswerving Republican.

Of his sons, Wesley studied medicine, and Silas prepared
himself for the law, and is now practicing at St. Louis. Mr. It.
removed to Greenville settlement, Darke Co.. Ohio, about 1857,
and died there in February, 1877. His second wife had died

140

HISTORY OF UANDOLPII COUNTY.

about II year before. He had a fine property, which he had ac-
quired by patient economy and thrift, but, through mistaken
kindness to some of his children, his aflfairs became involved, and,
in the administration of his estate, it proved insuificieut fully to
discharge the debts thus incurred. In earlier life, he was a
blacksmith, and followed that laborious but useful and honorable
business many years; but in his later life, he was mcstly a farm
er, being possessed at his death of a tine tract of land of 1(50 acres
in Darke County, Ohio, and about seventy-five acres in Randoljjh
County, Ind. He was buried in the AleKander Graveyard in
Greensfork Township, Indiana.

JOHN BOBERTS, NETTLE CKEEK.

Was elected in the spring of 1880 Assessor oE Nettlo Creek
Township, the first colored Assessor in Randolph County— perhaps
the first colored official in the county of any kind. They had an
exciting time. He beat, they say, three preachers, was declared
defeated by three votes, contested the election, and won by one vote.
The struggle is said to have cost the contestants $50 apiece.
Much feeling was aroused for a time. The novelty of having a
colored Assessor in a township with so strong and aggressive a
Democratic vote seemed to many to bo intolerable, and some, in
their hastu, are said to have spoken somewhat harshly about the
matter. But Mr. Roberts is really a fine, intelligent, genial gentle-
man, and fully competent withal; and public feeling soon quieted
down, and the township is rather proud, on the whole, to have
been the one to break the ico for the new departure. There are
some forty-tive colored votes in Nettle Creek Townsliip, and so
large a body of electors would seem to be justly entitled to offi-
cial recognition, and neither party should object thereto,

Mr. Roberts has performed his official duties with dignity and
intelligence, and no citizen finds any ground of reasonable ob-
jection to the work he has accomplished for the public.

JAMES SCOTT, NETTLE CREEK.

Is the son of Robert Scott, who came to Randoli)h County,
Ind., in 1832, from Wayne County, and before that from
North Carolina. Mr. Scott has been married twice, and has had
fourteen children, all by his first wife. His second wife is still
living. Mr. Scott has a fine farm of I'iO acres, and a comfort-
able dwelling. He mot with a serious misfortune a few years
ago in the loss by fire of a nice residence erected not long bffore.
He is rospoctable and reipectnd, a member of the Baptist Church,
and a sound Republican. Although past seventy years, he is
active and vigorous, and altogether a fine spjcimen of the race
to which he belongs.

His first wife was Hannah Deraory, and the second, Casseline
(Cox) Taylor, of Kentucky.

Was born a slave in 1770, in North Carolina; emancipated
in 1779; married Amy Robbina, half sister of Richard Robbins;
had twelve children, nine grown, seven living now.

He came to Wayne Cimuty, Ind.. in 1821, and to Stony
Creek, Randolph County, in 1832. He died in 1848, seventy-
eight years old.

His children wore Martin, Nettle Creek, ten children; Rachel
(Outland), Michigan, one child; George, dead; Robert, dead;
Amy, dead; James, Nettle Creak, fourteen children; Groenberry,
Nettle Creek, ton children; Uriah, do.id; Lewis, Michigan, five
children; Robert, four children; Lydia, two children. There
was one other, name not given.

Ho entered eighty acres of .'and, and followed farming.

Was born a slave, at Frankfort, Kv., in 182'.>. H-jr maiden
name was Casseline Cox. In 1845, she married Pallas Taylor.
Her husband enlisted in the army during the civil war and died
in the service. She came North ia 1805, residing at Troy, Ohio,
four years. In 1870, she married James Scott, he being much
older thim herself. She had five children by her husband in
Kentucky. Her father had fourteen children. In 1872, at the
ago of ninnty-eight, he visited his daughter in Randolph County.

He was still alive in 1877, being one hundi-ed and two years old.
She has not heard of his death, if it has occurred In 1877, ho
was still comparatively well and strong. She is an active, ener-
getic, wide-awake woman.

Is tne son of Robert Scott. He was born in North Carolina
in about 1800; came to Randolph County, Ind., in about 1827;
has had ten children, and lives in Nettle Croek.

Mr. Scott was one of the pioneers of the Cabin Creek colored
settlement, formexl some fifty or fifty-five years ago.

Many of the old settlers moved away, more of them died, and
now few of the old stock are left, and the settlement itself has
dwindled greatly.

Mr. Scott is a Baptist and a Republican, and a very old man,
worthy citizen.

Was born in South Carolina April 15, 1815, a freeman. Ho
removed to Tennessee, marrying in that State, and residing there
ton years. In 1837, he came to Wayne County, Ind., and to the
Greenville settlement, Randolph County, in 1855. His wife,
Priscilla Biu-den, was born in 1811, in South Carolina, daughter
of Lewis Burden, who died in 18-18. They have had three chil-
dren, one of whom is cow living.

Mr. Shoemake has always worked at fanning, though when
he came to Indiana they were very poor, arriving there with a
one-horse cart, the children riding in the cart, and his wife and
himself on foot. The first land he ever owned was forty acres,
bought in the Greenville settlement in 1855. Since then, he has
been constantly thriving, until now he owns 500 acres of valua-
ble land in the region of his residence. Though he has no edu-
cation, being unable either to read or to write, he has much gen
eral knowledge, and is a man of active enterprise. He is an uu-
flinching Republican in politics. In the winter of 1878-79, he
became the subject of a fearful persecution. A colored man of
the region (in Darke County, Ohio) had been cruelly murdered by
a large gang of armed marauders on the night of Saturday, Octo-
ber — , 1.S70. Thoy were all (as they still are) unknown to the
public. Some jiersons, however, imagined him to bo one of the
band. He was arrested, imprisoned without the privilege of bail,
though the Grand Jury of Darke County had refused to find a
bill against him; and herculean efforts were put forth, by every
means that wit could invent or money could proc\irc, to convict
Mr, Shoemake of the murder of Stephen Wade. Many days were
spent upon the trial, but, through the mercy of providence and
the incessant exertions of his friends— since he was kept closely
locked in jail for weeks before his trial— his innocence was de-
clared by a jiu-y of his countrymen, and he was let go free. The
cost of his defense amounted to more than $2,000! Prominent
among hia earnest friends may be reckoned Reuben Goens, a
gentleman of honor and integiity, whose untiring labors greatly
aided in bringing the trial to the fortunate result attained. The
public mind in Greenville seemed greatly excited by the fact that
two terrible tragedies had been enacted in the same township by
companies of men banded for the purpose; and there seemed to
be a desperate attempt to find a victim of the public rage, and it
happened that Mr. Shoemake was laid hold of as that victim,
and every nerve was strained to carry the point. But the attempt
signally failed, and Mr. Shoemake returned from hia imprison-
ment to the congratulations of his neighbors and friends. The
terrible mysteries still remain hidden in midnight darkness, and
none but the bindofl gangs themselves seem to know who made
up tho.se fearful troops, that came —the first, in the edge of the even
ing, into the heart of a bustling village, and the second at midnight,
under a moonlit sky, to a peaceful country home, where its inmates
lay in quiet slumber, and in both oases shot to death the master
of the hou.se and the father of the family, with the most revolt-
ing brutality and the most fearful cruelty. That such things can
occur in n civilized community, within the sound of the " church-
going boll" — nay, almost within the shadow of the church itself —
is, indent), passing strange. Yet occur they did, and the blood
of those men still cries from the ground in vain, uncleansed, un-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

141

atoned for, unavenged. If traly the words of Holy Writ declare
that innocent blood cannot be cleansed from the land but by the
blood of those who shed it, theie lies upon that community a
most fearful curso, which shall yet arise to plague the perpe-
trators of such awful crimes.

Yet it by no means follows that Mr. Shoemake was one of the
gang who murdered Wade, and, in fact, all attempts to show
that he was one of the number proved utter failures.

Yet a numerous gang there was in each case, and toiTibly they
accomplished their revolting crime. Yet "murder will out," and
some day those tragedies, performed in secret, shall be "pro-
claimed upon the hou.setop," and the perpetrators of those fearful
atrocities shall be exposed and brought to suffer condign punish-

As elsewhere, so here, the men of color Hocked to the appeal
of President Lincoln, and when allowed, offered themselves
freely as soldiei-s in the Union army.

Some joined the Massachusetts colored regiments, and some
the United States volunteer troops; and some, moreover, were
taken as members of white regiments. It has been a matter of
difficulty to obtain an account of the colored volunteers from
Randolph, but we have done the best we could.

Eighth Regiment United States Colored Troops, James H.
Gay, not accounted for.

Twenty-third Regiment United States Colored Troops, John-
son Bm-den, Nelson Cook, Washington Ellis.

Twenty-eighth Regiment United States Colored Troops, John
Perkins, mustered out November S, 1.SG5; John Roberts, mus-
tered out November S, llSfJS, George W. Johnson, not accounted
for.

We give below brief statements concerning some of the Ran-
dolj)h colored volunteers.

William Shaffer, Company K, Forty-second United States
Colored Troops, enlisted October S, LSI 14; spent three weeks at
Camp Cai-rington; was in the fight at Nashville, December, 1S()4:
was detailed to hospital duty at Hospital No. 0, Nashville, Tonn. ;
discharged at Huntsville, Ala. . October 7, 1 SC5.

P M. B. Thomson enlisted in Company F, Fifth United
States Colored Ti'oops, September 1, IHiiS, at Camp Delaware,
Ohio. The regiment went into the Eastern army, and was in
the engagement at Deep Bottom, Va., at Petersburg, Bermuda
Hundred, Fort Harrison (Dutch Gap), Fort Fisher, N. C, Wil-
mington and Raleigh. I'he regiment was mustered out at Caro-
line City, N. C, September 1, ]Sfi5, and the men wore discharged
October, 1805, at Camp Chase, Ohio.

In 1870, he joined the Twenty-fourth Regul.ar Regiment Col-
ored Troops. They spent two years at Fort McCarth, Texas;
Laredo, Texas, on the Rio Grande, one year; Port Duncan,
Texas, nearly one year and fom- months, till May, 1875; went on
a scouting expedition to the North Prong of the Brazos River,
six months; was discharged in camp September 1, 1875, having
served five years in the regular army.

Levi J. Linzy, Greensfoi-k Township, enlisted in Com-
pany G, Thirty-third Indiana, September, 186-t; mustered in
at Indianapoli."-; went forward to Chattanooga; was in hospital,
sick, at Chattanooga, till Ajiril, 1805- went forwai'd to the regi-
ment via New York City to Newbern, N. C, and mai-ched against
Johnston; was sent to Camp McDougal, New York City, and
discharged July 21, 18G5.

Sylvester Holland enlisted in Forty-fifth United States Col-
ored Troops Se|)tember 1, 18(54: went forward to the Eastern
army, and was in the charge against Petersburg, Va. ; lay sick
at Fortress Monroe, and was discharged at that place June 2,
1805.

Nathan Raudle enlisted September, 1803; wa.s sick at Nash-
ville several weeks; his father visited him there; was dischai'ged
after the close of the war, winter of 1805-00.

Other colored soldiers from Greenville settlement were Will-
more Cook, William Lewis, Alfred Lewis, John Lewis, Richard
Goens, William Smith (Ohio), Sylvester Scott (Ohio), Hem-y
Costin (Ohio), Johnson Costin (Ohio), Benjamin F. Goens (Ohio),
Michael Sane (Ohio), Patrick Rickman (Ohio), Clarkson Lett

Shiloh, William White, Aaron McPhorson, J. M. Thomson, Will-
iam Randle, Alexander Mason (Ohio), Milton Oglesby, Charles
Oglesby, Wiley Oglesby, Johnson Burden, Jesse Lamb (Ohio),
John Patterson (Ohio), Asa Faxson (Ohio). John Robbins (Ohio),
Reuben Robbins (Ohio). Simeon Robbins (Ohio).

Seventy-second Colored Regiment, John Nicholas, Lorenzo
Bragg, Willmore Cook (died in service).

Members of the Forty-fifth United States Colored Regiment:
Lemuel Stokes, Alexander McKown, Charles Mason, Reuben
Goens, William H. McKown, Zebodee Bass, Henry Stokes,
Charles Clemens, Jackson Holland, Levi Shaffer, all then
belonging to Darke County, Ohio.

Doubtless others from Randolph County belonging to the
colored race wore volunteers in the Union army during the war
of the rebellion, but we have not learned their names.

CHAPITER XI.

UELIGION.
5 A I'TisTs— Catholics — Cimi.sTiAiNs—OoNGUEGATioxAi.isTS — Dis-

CIIM.KS— FrIKNDS— GKUMANClIURCIlI-iS— MUTIIODI.STS— PlIKSHV-
TKlilANS-PnOTKSTANTMlCTIIODlST.S— UNIVKRSALISTS— 1'NITF;D
UllKTHUKN— AVKSLKYANS-CLEIUiVMICN-SlMllITfAI.I.STS— ITOLI-

Miss I5ani)-Y. M. 0- A.— BlooKAi'iiv.

RELIGION.

IT has seemed advisable to group the aecouut of the various
. chm-ches together. Hence, the statement concerning them
fill be found below in aljihabetical order. First in order come

the

The Bajitists have not been very numerous in Randolph
County, though there have been some from the earliest days of
the settlement of the county. Cui'tis Cleny, of Lynn; W. C.
Wilmore and John Jamas, of'Greensfork; Ira Maulsby, of Nettle
Creek; Mi-. Cartvn-ight, of Spartausburg; Bela Cropper, of
West River; Ezra Stone, of Winchester; James Spray, Edward
Scott, etc., have been ju-ominent Baptists, and some religious
work has been done in the region Ity that wortliy body of Chris-
tians. Messrs. Cropper and Wilmore have been ministers of that

Still, large success seems not to have attended their efforts,
and the number of their societies is but small in this locality.
There have been churches at Little Creek, at Losantville, at Win-
chester and at Middletown. The one at Winchester has been
long extinct. The chm-ches at Losantville and Little Creek
have been greatly distm-bed by the question, among them consid-
ered important, of "Means and Anti-Means," and both are near-
ly or quite extinct. The one at Middletown still maintains itself,
though it is not vigorous.

There are also a few Baptists of other kinds in the county,
who will be described in due time.

Himtsvillp. — The Baptists used to have meetings at Bela W.
Cropper's and Samuel Spray's, not far from Huntsville. Thoy
never had a church nor any society in that neighborhood. B.
W. Cropper was a preacher, and did religious work in that re-
gion; but no church was ever planted there, so far as we have
been able to learn.

Little Creek. ---This society was established many years ago,
and, after a time, they built a meetinghouse near the residence
of Ira Maulsby, who was, perhaps, their chief member. Several
families belonged to that society, and for years it had consider-
eable strength, but the removal of some members and the death of
others, and also other causes, perhaps, has nearly extinguished
the society.

Ixisaiitville. — This society was organized many yeai-s ago,
and had a more or less vigorous and successful existence, but we
do not possess the information requisite to a regular detailed ac-
count of the organization.

Providence. Church — Regular. — Located at Rose Hill, Ohio,

142

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and Middletown, Ind. This society was formed in Ohio about
1840, and began to hold services neai- Middletown in 1860.
They never had a meeting-houso. Their gatherings have been
held chinfly at dwelling-houses. Theirmeetings take place once
a month, at Middleto\vn and Rose Hill — every third meeting at
the former place, at Mr. Hinlde's on Saturday, and at the Clu'is-
tian Church, at Middletown, on Sunday. The society intend
soon to build a house for worship at Koso Hill. The first mem-
bers at Middletown were Richard and Eliza Straight, Hem-y and
Eliza Ann Hinklo, Mahlon and Rachel Peters, Silas and Mai-y
Byrom, John Peters, David and Eliza Byrom, Rachel (wife of
George) Debolt.

The preachers have been Revs. Mahlon Peters, John McDan-
iels, SeymoTir Craig, John Peters, George Cottrell. Mi'. Cottrell
has ministered to the church for fifteen years past. Present
memborRliip at Middletown: Henry Hinkle, wife and daughter,
Ira Adamson and wife, Alvin Skinner and wife, Mrs. Mary Moore,
Mrs. Elizabeth Holmes, Mrs. Mary Miller (living near Bartonia).
They belong to the branch of the Regular Baptists styled Anti-
Mission Baptists;

Winchester. — About 1840, a Baptist Chiu-ch was organized
for Winchester and the region. The meetings were held at first
at John Lykin.s' , five miles south of Winchester; aftei-ward, at
Winchester, and still later, at AVillis Wilmore's, south of Win-
chester. The society continued for a considerable time, but the
members died or moved away, and the church finally ceased. The
fii'st members were Bela Cropper and wife, James Spray, Edwin
Poor and wife, George Vandoburg and wife, Ezra Stone, Willis
C. Wilmore and wife, Edward Scott and wife. Afterward,
Thomas Loring and wife joined the society, and probably others
may have done so. The church never had a meeting-house. At
Winchester, the services were held at the court house; elsewhere,
at private dwelling-houses. The society never grew very much.
The Deacons were Brethren Stone and Cropper. The church
was a friendly band, no dilficulty ever ai-ising to mar their peace.
Prayer-meetings were held from house to house, with sweet sea-
sons of Christian love and high hope and foretaste of endless
bliss in the mansions above. In Winchester, they assisted in
maintaining a union Sunday school for several years.

Some of the preachers were Revs. Nathaniel Case and James
Harvey. Willis C. Wilmore has been for nearly or quite fifty
years a preacher among the Baptists, and ean active and zealous
Christian withal.

Ezra Stone was a tine Chi'istian gentleman, who was much
esteemed and greatly beloved.

Edwai'd Scott lived east of Winchester, bis wife dying No-
vember, 1880, oighty-four years old. He had died years before
that time.

ISpartanshurg. — Hezekiah Cartwright was a Baptist residing
near that town, and preaching by the ministers of that order took
place at his house. Wo have heard of no other Baptists in that
region, though there may have been such. No church of the
kind so fai- as known was ever formed in that vicinity.

L//)(n.— Curtis C. Cleny, residing near Lynn, was a Baptist,
but, as his location was ne;tr Wayne County line, our impression
is that he belonged to a church in tliat county — perhaps
to the Freedom Baptist Church.

Wnst River. — William Smith and his wife, father and mother
of Hon. Jere Smith, were Baptists and wore members and regular
attendants upon the Friendship Church, south of them in W^ayne
County.

Free- Will Baptist CImrcli — Ridgecille and vicinity. — There
was a society at Father Mendenhall's, on the river, as long ago
as 180O, or earlier. They began tr, hold wor.ship at Ridgeville
about 18(58. The society have no meeting-house in the town,
the college chapel being occaj)ied for meeting pm-jjoses. At
Father Mendenhall's was a hewed log chiirch, which, however,
has not been used since the society began at Ridgeville. Some
of the members have been Robert Sumption, Pennel Mendeuhall,
John Collier (Rev.), Mahlon Sumption, William Hollowoll, Eg-
bert Payne (Rev.), Cunningham, John Thurber, Allen Baker, Dr.
Farquhar, William Reed (Prof.). Asa Pierce (Rev.), and their
wives. The church at Ridgeville numbered at first thirty to

forty members; now about fifty. The society maintains a good
Sunday school the yeajc round, with eighty to one hundred pupils.

The preachers have been Messrs. Collier, Atkinson, Bates,
Davis, Pierce, Vaughn, Harrison, etc. Preaching is held every
other Sabbath. About 1867, the Free-Will Baptists undertook to
establish Ridgeville College, which has been in operation ever
since. The enterprise has been a struggle from the beginning,
but the institution is still TOstained, and it is to be hoped (,hat it
will hold its gi'ound through the ages to come.

Stone Station Free-MHll Baptist Church. — Meetings were held
there during the winter of 1880-81, at which about forty pro-
fessed conversion, and a church wai formed, embracing twenty -
five members, viz., Thomas (31ark and wife, George Sperea and
wife, David Ritenour and wife, Mrs. Ross and daughter and two
sons, Mrs. Owens and family, Samuel Ross and wife, James Jef-
ferson and wife, etc. They meet in the Clark Schoolhouse, and
Rev. Asa Pierce is their minister. It is intended to build a
meeting-house before long. Sunday school is maintained regu-
larly.

There is a Gorman Baptist (Dunkard) Church north of Union
City, which will be noticed in connection with the German con-
gregations. There has been, also, some work for the Baptists
among the colored residents of Randolph, which is shown in the
account given herein of the colored settlements which have ex-
isted in the county.

CATHOLIC CHURCH.

Union City. — This church was begun in 1854; Rev. Sheon,
of Sidney, was pastor one year. . Rev. Hemsteger, from Piqua,
came in 1855. Rev. Clano came next and established a chapel
on the farm of Mr. Weiss, two miles from town. Rev. Hemsteger
Clime again and stayed four years. Rev. Shelhammer, from
Greenville, then came, remaining till 1802. Rev. McMahon was
next, till 1865. During his pastorship, a church was built on
Plum, north of Oak, frame, and, about 1870, a large and splen-
did bell was abided. Rev. Lamour was pastor from 1805 to 1870;
Rev. Van Swadler, 1870 to 1871; Rev. Noll, 1871 to 1875. Rev.
Quinlan succeeded, who is pa.stor at the present time (1882).
The congregation is thriving and prosperous, with a property of
four lots, a church, parsonage, nunnery and schoolhouse; as also
a cemetery, out of lown, two miles north on the Salem pike (see
account of cemeteries). There is a splendid bell on their meet-
ing-hoiLse, which, when it was put up, was by far the finest in
town. The congregation numbers 150 families or more, and the
appointed church services through the week and on the Sabbath are
regularly maintained. A flourishing day school has been main-
tained for many years by the Catholics, which has been for a con-
siderable time, and is now, free to all comers, through the munifi-
cence of Peter Kuntz, Esq. , lumber dealer in Union City and a
member of the Catholic congregation.

Winchester.- Some Catholics have been residents of Win-
chester from early times, and, as long ago as 1854, or even be-
fore that, priests would visit the town and perform the services
of religion for the communicants of that faith. For many years,
their meetings wore held in private houses. Clergymen from
Muncie, Indianapolis and elsewhere used to come and officiate
in religious things at Winchester. About 1875, three lots were
piu'chased on West Washington street, and a neat place of wor-
ship was erected at a moderate cost. The congregation intend
to build a parsonage, but that has not yet been done. The prin-
cipal Catholic families are as follows: Patrick McDonald, John
Kinney, Edward Laynan, James Mack, Edward Laren, Bryan
Gaffey, Dennis Laynan, Michael Doyle, John Lacoy, William
Fitzmaorice, Edwai'd Fitzgerald and others. The church is out
of dol)t and in a remarkably prosperous condition. The regular
church services are held once a month, besides special services
at irregular intervals. Some of the clergymen who have officiated
have been Fathers Maloney, Mack, Fitzmaurice, Clark, Lamour,
Noll, Quinlan. The church is connected in the same parish with
Union City, and the pastor. Rev. Quinlan, of Union City, sup-
plies also the congregation at Winchester once a month.

Cliurcheji and Preachers.— Ministers of the Christian Church

TIfSTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ir Randolph County. TMomasAddington, New Dayton; Emerson
Addington, New Dayton; Thomas A. Brandon, Union City; Dav-
enport. Harrisville; Moses Gwynn, Morristown; I. V. D. R,
Johnson, Bloomin^sport; L. W. .Johnson, Losantville; B. F.
Kemp, Jordan, John Manhouse, Windsor; Samuel McNees,
Farmland; A. H. Chen, Peter Robison, W. D. Ross, Morristown;
William Terrell, Windsor. Perhaps there may be others besides
the above. Congregations: Windsor, Union Chapel (south of
Windsor), Mt. Zion, Losantville, no meoting-house; Pleasant
Grove, southeast of Windsor; White River Chupel, Farmland;
Shiloh. north of Farmland; Mississinewa, Olive Branch, Green
Township; Clear Creek, no meetinghouse.

Fairview. — This church was begun about thirty -seven years ago
(1845). Their meetings were held in the beginning at Martin
Smith's. Their meeting-house was built many years ago (1846),
but has become old and time-worn, and is not now used. For a
time they had great success, and people used to turn out to their
services wonderfully. The preachers have been Messrs. Wolver-
ton, McDaniel, McNees, Hollmid. Aker, Minnick, Richardson
and doubtless others. ITie members cannot now be givea The
society is not at present in a flourishing condition, and their con-
gregations are small.

Farmland. — This religious society commenced in the region
in 1838, on White River, near the toll-gate. The preachers
were Messrs. Barker and Batterall. The class was organized in
1838 at the schoolhouse. Shortly afterward (1S30 or 1S40), a
log church was built, and the brick now standing, in 1850 or
thereabouts. They organized at Farmland in 1854 in a school-
house and provided themselves with a church in 1867. They
were for many years the strongest denomination in the place,
though for some time they have been declining, and are now
quite weak in numbers. Their members in the region have boen
Peter S. Miller and wife, Nathan Thornburg and wife, A. H. Mc-
Nees and wife, A. N. McNees and wife, William Elwood and
wife, Hiram Smith and wife, Samuel McNees and wife and others.
Their meeting-house has lately been sold to the Friends, who oc-
cupy it at the present time. The names of their ministers !ire
not at hand.

Harrisville. — This church was organized in 18G5, and their
meeting-house was built in 18(56. The first menibers
were ai«3ut twenty-five, some of whom were William Ingle
and wife, David S. Davenport and wife. Miles Scott and wife,
Samuel Keister, Rebecca Shelley, Mmy Duncan, Elizabeth White-
sell, et«. The Trustees at first v.ere Henry Hill, William Ingle
and Miles Scott. The pastor of th^ church most of the time has
been David S. Davenport, resident at Harrisville. Rev. Lung
was preacher one year,' Capron, one year, and Newhouso, two
years. The church now numbers over 10') members. Preaching
takes place once a month, and Sunday school every week during
the summer, Jacob Conkling, Superiutendent. The school aver-
ages from thirty to fifty pupils. Paul El linger is Elder, and
Joel Elwell and Frederick Ingle are Deacons. Rev. Davenport
preaches also at four other points— Ogden, Henry County; a
country place beyond Muncie, Delaware County; Union
Chapel, southeast of Gettysburg, Darke Co , Ohio, and at Hora-
tio, Darke Co., Ohio. The DunJiards alsp hold meetings once a
month atHaTisville in the Christian Church, beginning in 1880.
Their preachers have been Reva Marquis and Sunmons.

Liberty Chapel, — -(North of Bloomingsport), was built about
1800. Many who had been United Brethren joined the society,
some of these having been previously '-New Lights." The
preachers have been Messrs. Jellison, Brumfield, Coates, I. V.
D. R. Johnson, Davenport, King, Kemp. Some of the members
have been John Johnson, Strother Brumfield, John Anderson,
Curtis Bales, Isaac N. Bales, eta There is a society, but not
very large nor flourishing.

Christian Church, north of Libeiiy Chapul. — Was built many
years ago, as early, perhaps, as 1838. The first preacher was
Jesse Brumfield. There was once a good society. After awhile,
the "Reformers" and they had a split .ind the Tvork did not go
on. The United Brethren Church supervened at Liberty, and,
many years afterward, the " New Lights " again at Inberty, in
1806.

Middletmmi.—This society was organized about 1855, and
the meeting-house was built about the same time. First mem-
bers, Ephraim Dull and wife, William Cole and wife, Enos Cole
and wife, Jame? Alexander and wife, John Poorman and wife,
Henry Weyriok, John Boner, Thomas Alexander, William War-
ren, Sr. and Jr. and wives, James Warren and wife, .Josepli
Hinkle and wife, Abram Alexander and wife and many others,
eighty in all. Their preachers have been Revs. Sharp, Vincent,
Leavell, Gettinger, William Cole, Andrew McNees, Jacobs, Dav-
enx)ort, Samuel McNees, Kemp and perhaps others. At times,
the society has been flourishing. It became much run down,
and a few years ago the Friends began religious services there
and were somewhat active. The Christians, however, took up
their work again, and there is a small society, with services once
a month and part of the time a Sunday school.

Oliiie Branch. — The society was organized about 1858 or
1860 by Rev. Larkin Mullen, and re-organized about 1860.
The church was built in 187l\ Some of the members have been
and are John Wenzol and wife, Washington Cortner and wife,
David Lewis and wife, Mrs, Engle and her son, William Engle,
Jacob B. Jones and wife, Mrs. Stanley, etc. Preachers, Messrs.
Mullen, HoUoway, Puckett, Ross, Addington, Johnson, Cortner.
Preaching is monthly, three sermons at a time. Sunday school
not very large. The society numbers 100 to 150 members. The
present pastor is Elder Thomas Addington, resident on Boar
Creek, northwest of New Dayton.

/"arfcej'.-— Begar in 1854. A society was formed, and they
carried on their operations regularly and successfully, but for a
long time they had no house of worship. They built one at
length, but became involved in debt, under which load they were
forced to allow the church to be sold, which was done during the
present year, the society of Friends being the purchasers. Some of
their ministers have been Messi-s. McNees, Aker, Lynn, Boss.
Gwynn, Wells, Capron, Burkett, Minnick, Addington. Among tho
members have been John G n nckel and family, David Gunckel, Mon ■
roe Gunckel, William Phillips and wife, Martin Phillips and
wife, Leonard Boise and svife, Alexander Fowler and two sons,
John Bowers and wife. The church has seen somewhat en-
couraging seasons. At a revival in 1804, fifty or sixty members
joined them, but the interest has declined, and the debt on their
hands took their meetinghouse. They hope to recover their
strength and regain their standing and usefulness as a church of
Christ.

Pittsburg. — This church began about 1809. Some of its
members are Stttphen Jacks and wife, Harvey Coons and wife,
Moses Fen-ell, James Malloy and wife. At one time the society
was quite active and flourishing, seventy members joining in one
night. They have become less vigorous than formerly, though
the operations of the society still continue to some extent.

Pleasant drove. — (Union Church, east of Deerfield). Was
built in 1877, by the Disciples, Methodists and Christians, and
all three use it, the society naving been organized since the
house was erected. The Meth-idists have occasional services,
but no class. The members of the Disciple Church are W. B.
Field, Nicholas Linkhauer, Abram Sipo, Washington Peters,
Clark Peters, Enoch Peiers, Joseph Marsh, George Marsh and
their wives. Preaching has been by Messi's. Harrison, Youtz,
Manny, Enos Polly, Solomon McKinney, etc. The Christians
were organized at first before 1865. Some of the members are
Joseph Warren and wife, Henry Bragg and wife and others.
Preachers, Jesse Jacobs, Benjamin Kemp, Capron, etc.

Pleasant Oore.— (Northwest of Poplar Bun, Friends'
Church, Stony Creek). The church was built in 1846. Preach-
ing had been established some years previously. A society was
formed and a church movement was begun one and a half miles
south, but that fell through, and the church was built where it
now stands. Among the principal members were and are Jona-
than Clovinger, Lewis Clevinger, M'esley Clevinger, Wesley
Dudley, Thomas Aker, Elisha Thornburg, Avila Thornburg,
Madison Clevinger. Isaac Keener, Joseph Omn, with most or all
of their wives. Some of the preachers have been Messrs. .^n
drew McNees, Francis A. Wilkins, Larkin Mullen, Swain, Rich-
ard Brandon, I. V. D. R. Johnson, Wesley Ross, William Ter-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

rell, Edward Burke, Davenport, 'tc. There is a flourishing
Sunday school and they have preaching services once in three
weeks. It has enjoyed powerful revivals and received large ad-
ditions, and is a strong and active chiu'ch.

Pleasant Hill. — Was established before 1847. Meetings
were held at Mr. Constable's. A frame church was built about
1850, and the prasent brick house in 1870. Some of the mem-
bers in 1848 were Mrs. Liudley, Constable, Isaac Borkhammer,
Hugh Woodin, Hiram Grice, Stokesberry and their wives and
others. Some of the preachers have been Revs. Swain, William
Murray, Davenix)rt, McNees, McNees, Terrull, Jacobs, Brandon,
Green, Brown (nowi. They have preaching once a month and
Sunday school every Sabbath, some years summer and winter.
There is a good congregation.

Shedcille (half-mile oast). —The society was formed in 1877,
and the hotise was built in 1880. The ch>u-ch was organized
by Rev. Kahn and Witzel at the schoolhonse south of Shedville,
with alwut ihirty-two members. The i)rosent number is ubout
one hundred. The ]>reachers have been Addington and Cortner.
Some of the members are John McProud, J. 0. Jones, J. Ford,
James McProud,. C. B. McProud, Henry Woodard, Jesse Pace,
William Bales, Milton Meranda. The interest is strong and ihe
attendance good, with a flourishing Sunday school.

Shiloh (two and three-fourth miles north of Farmland). —
Preaching had been begun by that denomination in the neigh-
borhood before 1858; held in a log house east of Shiloh. The
meetinghouse (brick) was built in 180O. Last year a new frame
church was erected near the former one (1880). The preachers
have been Mullen, Barber, Wilkins, Koss, Terrell, Jackson, John-
son, etc. The members have boon Isaac Halloway and wife,
John Mills and wife, John Goodin and wife, Philip Witzel,
John Cortner and wife, Andrew Cortner and wife, etc. It has
been during a portion of the time a large and flourishing society
of 100 to 150 membei-s; it is now not so large. They have had
Sunday school more or less in past years, but there is none at
the present time (1880).

Stonij Creek (one mile west of Noff). — Was organized Febru-
ary 20, 1858, by Elder William Terrell, with nineteen membera
— S. W. Smithson, D. S. Terrell, Isaac Thornbui-g, George
Clevenger, William Clevenger, Isaac Faulkner, John W. Sanders,
Peter Helm, etc. December 5, 185U, Pleasant Grove and Stony
Creek Churches united as a monthly meeting under the name of
Pleasant Grove Church, with oflScers as follows: J. M. Terrell,
Clerk; Drummond S. Terrell, Ira Smithson, Deacons; Allen
Hunt, Treasurer. Members up to October 5, 18r)8, 108; joined,
January 18, 1800, 57; joined January 25, ISCO, 05; others, 4,
making a total of 229 members. It would seem that a new or-
ganization of some sort was effected September 1, 1800, under A.
M. and Samuel McNees, and that at some time seventy-seven
names were taken. In 1865, four members were received, and,
in 18G7, fortv-two members. Total of members, 1809, 05; 1870,
93; 1871, 90- 1872, 94; 1873, 71; 1877, 96; 1878, 97. A Sab-
bath school has been maiutoined with more or less vigor and in-
terest. The chax)el was built ubout 1859. The preachers have
been William Terrell, A McNees, S. McNees, E. Hodson,
Wrightsman, Roberts, Elisha Thomburg, Hardesty, Tingle,
William Hunt (Methodist), Mullen, Minnick, Addington, Sharp,
King, Cowgill, Johnson, Ross, Chandler, Leeka, I V. D. R.
Johnson (present pastor).

Sugar Creek. — The Christians have a society on Sugar Creek,
holding their meetings at the schoolhoase, northeast of W. C.
Wilmore's. Rev. Thomas Addington, and, perhaps others, have
preached there. We have obtained no details concerning
them.

Union City, Ohio. — The first Christian Chua-ch of Union
City, Ohio, was organized with thirty-five members, in 1801, by
Elders Heury Gittinger, Harrison Vinson and C. M. Sharpe.
Elder Gittinger was the first pastor. Other pastors wore H. Vin-
son, C. M. Sharp, A. W. Brodrick, J. Jacobs, J. Weelra, T. S.
Wells and T. A. Brandon. The society built a church, corner of
Oak and Plum, at a cost of *1,3(K). Builder, Jacob Deardoflf;
dedication by Elder Joseph Weeks. A debt was contracted by
the building of the church, which the society could not pay; the

Union^port. — The Christians have had preaching in this
neighborhood for many years, though mostly in private dwellings
and schoolhouses. About 1808, when the woolen factory was
new, a meeting was held by them therein with good results, and
there has been a society ever since. Some of the members have
been Absalom Oren, J. C. Bates, William Aikens, Samuel Gil-
lura, Mr. Merriwethor, James Pursley, David Moore, Andrew
Moore, Mr. Fister, John Moyer. Preachers, Isaac V. D. R.
Johnson, Absalom Oren, IVIr. Cropper, etc. The society occupies
at present the moeting-houso between Buena Vista and Unions-
port.

M^ind«or. — The church was built in the fall of 1859. Rev.
Larkin Mullen was the preacher. Others have been Messrs.
Minnick, Wells, Wilkins, Elisha Thomburg, William Terrell,
T. Addington, Humphrey, etc. The class at one time wa.s strong
and flourishing, but is not neany so large now. Members, Mr.
Gable and wife, John Woolford and wife, Jolm M. Terrell and
wife, Jacob Carver and wife, Joseph Thornburg and wife, Elisha
Thomburg and wife, T. W. Thornburg and wife, Ambum and
wife, Amos Smith and wife, Jonatlian Thornburg and wife, be-
sides others. The church stands near the cemetery and the
schoolhonso a short distance southeast of town.

CONGREGATIONAL CHnRCH.

Winchef:1pr. — About 1870, a church of this order was formed
at Winchester, embracing a small number of members. Meas-
ures were taken looking to permanent occupancy of the field; a
subscription was r.iisedfor a meeting-house, u lot was purchiised,
a preacher engaged, etc. The movement, however, seemed not
to succeed, and, though the organization may never have been
formally dissolved, yet for some years no direct, definite activity
has been shown, any further than that the place hTis been visited
occasionally by Rev. L. P. Rose, Congi-egational Homo Mission-
ary Agent for the State of Indiana, and that religious services
have been conducted by him in Winchester during his visits to
the place. Rev. J. (t. Brice. clergyman and missionary agent,
resided for many years at Winchester, preaching and lecturing
and making collections for missionary purposes through portions
of Indiana and Ohio. Not very long ago, he removed to Weston,
Mo., where at the latest knowledge he was living in a green and
vigorous old age. Congregationalists tave been residents of the
county at various times and dates, but for the most part they
have united with other branches of the Christian body. A Con-
gregational Church was once attempted at Buena Vista by Rev. J.
G. Brice about 1840, but no success attended the effort

CHURCH.

This body of Christians (called sometimes Campbellites, from
Alexander Campbell, and sometimes Reformers and also Christians,
etc.), came into this region shortly after their first rise, and formed
chiu'ches at various points. Some of their early preachers, such .as
Elder Benjamin Franklin and others, assisted in planting their so-
cieties in this county and the ones adjoining. Some debates have
been held here by their champions with opponents in doctrine or
practice, and, fi-om the first, the adjacent portions of Wayne and
Randolph have been to them congenial ground. (See Reminiscen-
ces of Rev. H. C. Tillson. ) Yet there are now only a few churches
of the order in the county, some accounts of which are subjoined
hereto. Their societies at present are Union City, Winchester,
Spartanburg, Gilead, White River Chapel, New Lisbon.
Preachers, C. G. Bartholomew, J. T. Shaw, L P. Watts, W. D.
Stone, Revs. Vinson (father and son), Sloan, Polly, Ellis, etc.

Bethphagc (south of Spartanburg). — The meeting-house be-
low Jesse Jordan's was built very early, being, perhaps, first in
the county built by the Disciples. It was erected probably about
1888 or a little later. Bethphage was a famous place in
its day; one or more debates were had, which were largely at-
tended; at least, one powerful revival was held, perhaps more,
and many members were gained to the Disciples, and the mem-
bership became so numerous and extensive that two congrega-
tions were at length formed — one at Sugar Grove near Benja-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

145

min Elliot's, southeast of Spartanburg, and one at Gilead,
southwest of the sume village. They were built in 1854 or about
that time, Gilead, probablv, somewhat later, and Bethphage went
into disuse. A special detailed history of Bothphage, with
membership, etc:, has not been obtainod. Some of the preach-
ers were Elders Franklin, Swallow, etc. The latter held a
series of meetings with very powerful results, bringing in many
new members.

Gilead. — Was built somewhr^.t after 1854, as one of two
churches growing from the society at Bethphage. It continues
to this day a flourishing society, with preaching, Sunday school,
etc. Some of the members have been Henry D. Nichols, Isaac
Nichols, Murray Chenoweth, Columbus Chenoweth, Harvey
Piatt, Henry Thomas, John Mann, James Peolle, John Peelle,
Samuel Hill, etc , John Kelly, James Kelly, several Hills, Mr.
Throckmorton, with the wives of most or all of the above.

Neiv Lisbon (Jackson Township). —Was formed July 7, 1830.
Several preachers had held meetings some years before -El ihn
Harlan, Hosea Tillson and perhaps others. Meetings wore held
at private dwellings — first at Thomas AViley"s; also at Mr. Reeves,'
Mr. Skinner's and elsewhere, and, in the summer, in the grove.
The first members were Thomas Wiley and wife, John Skinner,
James and Anna Skinner (parents of Mrs. James Reeves), James
Reeves and wife, Putnam and Milly Campbell, Charles and Per-
lina Smith, William Pratt and wife. Thomas Wiley and
Charles Smith were chosen Elders, and John Skinner, Deacon.
The first church was of hewed logs and it stood near the old ceme-
tery, having been built before 1839 and named Carmel Meeting-
House. The second church was a nice frame edifice, and was
built in 1855. The society is at this time (July, 1881), build-
ing a large church near the site of the second one. The preach
er3 have been Thomas Wiley, John Thomson, William Murray,
Valentine Thomson, George W. Thomson, Farrell Vincent and
Enos Polly, They were without regular preaching for a long
time. Mr. Polly has been their pastor most of the time for ten
or twelve years. Their Sunday school began aliout twenty years
ago. and, though awkward and irregular at first, has grown to
be a prosperous school. The society may be regarded at present
as in a flourishing condition. Some of the chief members, be-
sides the original members above mentioned, have been James
Wickersham and wife, Abram Smith and wife, Jacob Mangas and
wife and children, David Banta and wife and children, William
Ross and wife, Isaac Beal and wife, James Lambert and wife
and doubtless many others not now recollected. The New Lis
bon Church was the first built in the township. The Baptists
had preaching in early times at Mr. Beach's, near Allensville and
in that neighborhood, but their church ws.i built in Jay County,
near North Salem. The new Disciple Church was dedicatad
with appropriate ceremonies in the presence of a large and in-
terested congregation on Sabbath, October 24, 1881. Some sta-
tistics, etc., of the church are as follows: By 1843, there had
been fifty-one members; by September, 1807, there had been 340
members in all. There was a revival in August, 1871, and
twenty two joined at one time; twenty-five joined in 1873; fifty-
five in 1874 (forty-.seven in December); eleven in 1875 and
twenty-five in 1875. Atthe renewal of the society in 1871, there
were seventy-one members, and 176 have joined since that time.
In all, there have been 522 members, of whom some 17( t still belong.
The size of the new meeting-house is 37x55 feet, and it cost $2, -
0()0. The building committee are Eli Mangas, Daniel Mussul-
man and George Warner.

Salem (four miles southwest of Union City). — Was established
about 1843. For a considerable time the church flourished. A
meeting-house was built some thirty years ago, and there has
been a large and thriving society. Among the preachers have
been Messrs. Bamhill Polly, W. D. Stone and others. By re-
movals, deaths, etc., the church has been greatly reduced, and for
some time preaching has been intermitted. We have no definite
account of the society.

Spartanburg. — As early as perhaps 1838 or 1839, or may be
sooner, meetings began to be held in Greensfork Township by
the Disciples. A Christian (New Light) Church had existed be-
fore that time at Bethel, Wayne Co., lud., and, at the time the

Disciples arose under the lead of A. Campbell, the society at
Bethel divided, a majority going with the Disciples. The
Christians afterward built a church at Hollandsburg, and both
societies remain till this day. Before very long the Disciples
began to hold meetings in Randolph County and a society was
formed in the region south of Spartiinbiu-g. Between 1839 and
181:0, probably about 1840, ahewod-logmooting-hcuse was built,
largely by the efforts of John Sterling, who lived where Ephruim
Bowen now resides, east of Jesse Jordan's place, between Jesse
Jordan's and Joshua Thomas.' That church stood for many
years and was a famous center of religious influence in its day.
Before that house was built, meetings were held at the old school-
house north of the Jordail place. The howed-log church wii
called Bethphage, and in that house the noted debate was hol.i
between Benjamin Franklin, the distinguished Disciple preachev,
and Mr. Randolph, one of the leading Methodist clergymen of
the time. In the same church, Rev. Swallow conducted a te\ .
val meeting, as the result of which eighty converts joined tb-
Disciples. The same Randolph above named engaged in severui '
debates upon slavery with MoormanWay, Pusoy Gra\ o, Arnold Bufi
am, and perhaps others at Arba, Bethel and may bo elsewhere.
Some of the early Discii)le preachers wore Elders Tillson,^Frank-
lin, Elihu Harlan, Valentino Harlan, Miller, Windsor, Swallow
and others. The revival under the labors of Rev. Swallow so in- ■
crea.sed the numbers and enlarged the bounds of the society, th.if,.
in process of time, two other houses were built — Sugar Groi. ,
southeast of Spartanburg, in about 1854, and Gilead, southwe:,*
of Spartanburg, some years later. Some of the chief meinbt'i
of the Bethphage Church at first were John Sterling ana
Arthur Hagepeth and wife, Mr. Howe, etc. The meetings there
were at length discontinued, and the church itself has been re-
moved tor many years. The Sugar Grove Church also has fallen
into disuse for some time. The society at Gilead still contin-
Ties to bo flourishing, with an active Sund.ay school. Some thir-
teen years ago, or about 1808, a society was gathered and a
church was built at Spartanburg, which still stands and is occu-
pied by the society in that vicinity. Some of the chief members
there are Clement Alexander, James Ruboy, Jeremiah Horn,
Benjamin Shaw. Levi Hill and others. A Sunday school is heM.
in connection with the church, which is reasonably flomushinr;
from year to year. In the fall of LSSl, Elder Ellis, pastor cil
Winchester, began preaching work with the Spartanburg con-
gregation also. A series of meetings was held, lasting several
days, with the result of a renewal of religious interest and t!i
prospect of a higher Christian life among the members and in
the community. The Superintendent of the Sunday school, dur-
ing ISM and 1882, was Charles F. Tucker.

Siujar Grove (near Ben Elliot's place).— This church w.
built in about 1854, being erected by a portion of the Bethphafjs
congregation, out of which two societies grew —Sugar Grove and
Gilead. This church was used for meeting pm-poses till th^
Spartansburg Church was built, after which it gradually ceased
to be used, though it is standing at the j)re8ent time. We have
not a particular statement of the items of history connected with
this congregation, although some additional information may be
found in the statement concerning Spartansburg and vicinity.

Union City.— Wan organized in 1858 by Rev. Thomas Wiley,
with twenty-four members. The Trustees were Simeon Bran-
ham, Thomas Wiley, Isaac Beal, J. E. Paxson. The first Eldc"
was llev. Thomas Wiley, who was also pastor. The original
records are lost and the first Deacons and Clerk are unknow!'.,
The pastors have been Revs. Wiley, Barnhill Polly, Thompson,
Harrison, Moore, Aylesworth, Howe, Tully, Bartholomew and
Sloan. The Elders are Henry Polly, B. F. W. Stewart, W. H.
Anderson, John W. Starbuck, James White, Jefferson Gist. Tlv--
Deacons are William Strawbridge, Jamas M.Warren, E. L. An-
derson, D. L. McDonald. The Trustees are Simeon Branham,
William H. Anderson, Thomas Jones, Ephraim H. Bowen, Gab-
riel Fowler. Clerk, William Commons; Treasurer, D. L. Mc-
Donald. Number in Sunday school, 200 to 275. Superintend-
ent, William A. Wiley. Pupils, 175 to 250. Teachers, twenty-
five. Secretary, B. F. W. Stewart Choir Leader, William A.
Wiley. Their church building was the first house of worship

146

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

erected in the town. It was a frame, 40x45 feet, commenced in
1853, completed in 1858. Jere Smith gave a lot to the society at
first and afterward another, at the solicitation of Simeon Branham,
Esq., one of the Trusteos. The house became too small for the
increasing congregation, and the society have erected a massive
brick edifice, 48x92 1 feet, Gothic style, J. C. Johnson, Fremont,
Ohio, architect. The cost of the building complete was $13,500.
Since the organization, ()22 persons have been connected with the
church and the present number of members is 450. Series of
meetings have been hold from time to time in addition to the
regular and constant weekly and Sabbath services, by tlie pastor
and others, and great numbers have been brought to profess faith
in Christ and to submit to the seal of the covenant in the ordi-
nance of baptism. The congregations in this society are large,
attentive and interested, and the various services of the sanctuary
are well sustained. The Superintendent of the Sunday school,
William A. Wiley, has held that position from the commence-
ment. The church has a fine organ and a large and well-trained
choir, whose skill and spirit add greatly to the interest of the sanct-
uary service, and William A. Wiley is also leader of the choir.
Elder Bartholomew resigned the pastorship in the summer of
1880, and the position remained vacant for some months, the
pulpit services being supplied meanwhile by Rev. Polly, one of
the Elders of the congregation. In January, 1881, Elder Sloan,
late from Richmond, Ind., was called to be pastor of the church,
and was installed to the position with simple and impressive cer-
emonies. Elder Sloan enters upon his new labors with this
large and interesting flock under favorable auspices and with
encouraging tokens of unity and harmony among the people
of his charge, and of increasing interest by the members of the
society in the work which the Lord has committed to their care
in the great vineyard. The first membei's were .about twenty-
four in number, among whom were Rev. Thomas Wiley and wife,
Simoon Branham and wife, Isaac Beal and wife, Barnhill Polly
and wife, Peter Nickum and wife, John Harlan and wife, Austin
Williams. In January, 1806, there were 135 members; at the
close of 1869, 125 members. In the succeeding years, the num-
ber of persons joining the church was as follows: 1870,32; 1871,
10; 1872, 7; 1873, 22; 1874, 58; 1875,51; 1876,80; 1877, 126;
1878, 14; 1879, 25; 1880, 67. The Elders have been Thomas
Wiley, Barnhill Polly. Uriah Ball, David Polly, John Harlan,
Valentine Thomson, N. Bowles. The Deacons have been Cor-
nelius V. Hwlan, James White, Levi Hill, Henry V. Polly,
David McDonald, J. T. Shaw, J. J. Downing, William Pinkertoii,
Isaac Beal, Samuel Sutton, B. F. W. Stewart.

When the enterprise of building the new church was set on
foot, the following gentlemen were chosen as a Building Com-
mittee, viz.: William H. Anderson, David Polly, William A.
Wiley, Simeon Branham, E. H. Bowen, John W. Starbuck, John
L. Frank, J. R. Jackson (resigned from ill health).

The foundation of the church was laid during the fall of 1875,
and the building was first occupied for religious services on the
first Sabbath of March, 1878.

The cost of the edifice was about $13,500. Before the organ-
ization, in 1858, Union City had been a point of missionary work
from the first settlement of the town.

This church is very prominent in the denomination, being
among the largest in the State. Several large religious conven-
tions have been held at this place with this congregation, the
latest in 1881, being a large and enthusiastic assembly, and last-
ing nearly a week.

White River Chapel (north of Snow Hill). — There was preach-
ing at Timothy Hinshaw's and elsewhere for six or eight years,
as far back, perhaps, as 1850, or sooner.

The church was built in 1850.

The members of the society were Uriah Ball, Isaac Engle,
Timothy Hinshaw and wife, Riley Lloyd and wife, and others.

Preachers, John Carnahan, Thomas Wiley, Thomas Buman,
Moses Swallow, Mr. Henry, etc.

The society is at present dormant The Friends now use the
house for worship and Sunday school.

Winchester. -'EAdavs Butler K. Smith and George W. Thomp-
son, the former residing near Indianapolis and the latter at Union

City, Ind., held a meeting in the Disciples' Church at Winches-
ter, Ind., August 25 and 26, 1866; and on Lord's-Day, August
26, 1800, the brethren and sisters were formed into a church by
agreeing to a covenant as follows:

"The undersigned, met together on the fourth Lord's-Day in
August, 1806, at the Christian (Disciples') Church in Winches-
ter, in Randolph County and in the State of Indiana, agree
to accept the Bible as the revelation God has given men, and as
their rule of faith and practice; and hereby enroll ourselves as a
Church of Christ, at Winchester, Ind., and promise and cove-
nant to labor faithfully as servants of Christ to build up His ■
church upon the foundation of the apostles and i)rophets, Jesus
Christ himself being the chief corner-stone."'

First members —Jeremiah Smith, Isjiiah P. AVutts, William D.
Frazee, Joshua C. Multbie, Elizabeth C. Maultbie, Eli.ns Cleven-
ger, Martha M. Clevenger, Robert R. Williams, Vashti Williams,
Sarepta C. Williams, Mary E. Biowne, Beulah Leak, Malinda
Patty, Sarah Ireland, Minerva Shaw, Sarah Irvin.

Whole number of members, 122; present number, 50.

Several have died, among whom is Judge Jeremiah Smith,
who departed this life December 28, 1874, and whose funeral
services were conducted by Rev. G. W. Thompson. His remains
were interred in the Union City Cemetery.

The first Deacons were appointed September 9, 1860— R. R.
Williams, Joshua C. Multbie.

R. R. Williams was also Clerk and Treasurer. In 1868, ho
moved away, and, March 29, 18r)H, Edmund Engle was chosen
in his place.

Trustees were elected January K), 1875, as follows: Thomas
M. Browne, I. P. Watts, Edmund Engle.

Elders elected December 20, 1875: L P. Watts, James Hou-
ser, Felix Simms.

Deacons were chosen: Nelson Toland, Edmund Engle (chosen
before).

Deaconesses: Elvira Toland, Minerva Shaw.

A new meeting-house was built during 1875-76, and dedica-
ted Jime 4, 1870.

The church has maintained regular Sabbath services, as also
social and j)rayer meetings and Sunday school.

Rev. I. P. Watts has been their regular preacher for several

Many persons have preached, and sometimes protracted meet-
ings have been held, with various results.

The congregatiims have been small, but the church has cour-
ageously maintained its ground with a settled purpose to bear
aloft the standard of the cross.

The Sunday school numbers from thirty t-o forty pupils.

The clergymen who have preached to the church at Winches-
ter have been G. W. Thompson, Butler K. Smith, Jeremiah
Smith, I. P. Watts, Wm. D. Frazee, E. Goodwin, Samuel Mat-
thews, Uriah Ball, R. T. Brown, Wayand, Barnhill Polly,

Thomas Munnell, Hardin Harrison. Benjamin Franklin, Elder
Davis, J. O. Beardslee, Enos W. Pollv, J. H Vinson, H. T. Mor-
rison, Russell T. Prichard, J. W. Ferrell, George W. Bailey, T.

B. Scoville, D. H. Garv, C. A. Burgess, Belding, J. C.

Tully, C. G. Bartholome'w, N. A. Walker, J. B. Ludwig, Felix
Simms.

Their first meeting-house had been built by the Presbyterians
some years before, being a small frame structm'o, which is still
standing, but has not been used as u church for several years.

The present place of worship is a substantial brick edifice, in
the south part of town, on Meridian street.

In the fall of 1881, Elder Ellis was engaged as their Pastor,
who has a fine reputation as an active and reliable worker, and
who appears to give good satisfaction.

A series of meetings has been in progress during the winter
ofil88]-82, -with considerable effect and several accessions.

The first settlement of Friends known in Indiana was in
1800. The fij-st meeting-house was built of logs. The first.,
yearly meeting for Indiima was opened in 1821. The old
Friends' meeting-house at Richmond was first occupied in 1824,

CHRISTIAN CHURCH.

Main St.Winchester Randolph, Co Ind.

Randolph County Bank

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and the present one in lS7tS. George Fox began to preach in
England in 1647. There are now in the world twenty-six yearly
meetings of Friends. Indiana Yearly Meeting used to embrace
all thf> tairltory west of Ohio. There are now in those bounds
foui- Yearly ]\[eetings, Indiana, Western, Iowa and Kansas. In-
diana Yearly Mooting has thirteen Quarterly Meotings, and is
held at Richmond, Ind... and has 18,000 members. Western
Yearly Meeting was set up in 1<S57, and is held at Plainfield,
Hendricks Co., Ind. It has fourteen Quarterly Meetings. Kan-
sas Yearly Meeting was set up in 1872. It is held in Leaven-
worth, and has four Quarterly Meetings, and 5.000 meml)ers.
Iowa Yearly Meeting is held at Oskaloosa, and has eleven Quar-
terly Meetings, and 10,000 members.

Winchester Quarter, including Poplar Run, White River
and Cherry Grove, monthly. Poplar Run, monthly, including
Poplar Run, Cedar and Fannland, preparatory. CheiTy Grove,
monthly, including Cherry Grove, Lynn and Bloomingsport,
preparatory. White River, monthly, embracing Wliite River,
Jericho, Winchester, preparatoiy. Arba, preparatory, belongs to
New Garden, monthly and quarterly.

Poplar Run, monthly, Elihu Carter, John Osborn, John H.
Bond. Whit« River, monthly. Elkanah Beard, Irena Beard,
Jesse C. Johnson, William Cox'. Cherry Grove, monthly,. Ruth
Johnson, -Ira C. Johnson, Mrs. Joel Mills. Arba, Mrs. Parker;
Charles W. Osborn, belongs to White River Quarterly, William
Robinson, Jericho.

Statistics, Winchester Quarter — Members, 1,1)30; parts of
families, '205; males, y2',>; isolated pereons, 127; females, 1,000;
ministers, 18; faruilies, 314.

Winchester Quarterly Meeting embranes three Monthly Meet-
ings— While River, Cherry Grove and Poplar Run. White
River Monthly has meatings for worship: White River, Jericho,
Winchester, jjuncie. Cherry Grove Monthly, has Cherry Grove,
Lynn. Poplar Run Monthly has Poplar Bun, Cedar. There
are several other meetings wiich have been held as follows: Mid-
dletown, west of Union City (discontinued) ; Perm, Pike, Jay
County; West Chester, Jay County; Camden, Jay County;
Olive Branch, Randolph County; Farmland, Morristown, Buena
Vista, and two in Michigan. The total membership is over 2,000.
Alba Preparative Meeting belongs to New Garden Quarterly
Meeting, which meets at New Garden, Wayne County.

Recorded ministers belonging to Winchester Quarterly Meet-
ing in 1881: William Cox, Jericho; Cynthia Reed, Cherry
Grove; Jonathan Hodgin, Cherry Grove; Levi Jessup, Cherry
Grove; Ruth Johnson, Lynn; Ira C. Johnson, Lynn; Elkanah
Bewd, Winchester; Irena Beard, Winchester; Martha B.
Thornton, Winchester; John Osborn, Cedar; William Wright,
Cedar; Lyndley M. Jackson, Cedar; Lydia Ann Wright, Cedar;

Levi Cox, White River; Cook, Long Lake, Mich.; Alice B.

Bergman, West Chester ; Delia Branson, Poplar Run.

Hardshaw was established before 1831, and laid down about
1834,

Cabin Creek was established in 1834.

Sparrow Creek was sot up about lS3fi, located about one and
a half miles west and one mile south of Dunkirk. There is an
old cemetery at Hardshaw, and also one at Sparrow Creek.

Sparrow Creek meeting-house was burned not very long after
the meeting was established, and it was never rebuilt

Cabin Creek went mostly Anti-slavery in 1843, and con-
tinued such until that society died out. A new meeting, called
Cedar, was set up at the same place in 1800, which is now strong
and flourishing.

Poplar Run was set up in 1846, after the "separation." The
leaders were Mark Diggs, John Diggs. Henry Moorman, Eli
Townsend. Recorded minister, Elihu Carter. Their meeting-
house was first of logs; the second, and present, is a frame,
built in 1856.

Poplar Run and Cedar compose a Monthly Meeting.

Dunkirk was established about 1822, and laid dovsna about

1856. It became wholly Anti-slavery, and has never been re-
newed since that body of Friends dissolved their organiza-

At Cedar Creek, in 1881, has been built n new and very neat
and convenient meeting-house near the old place of worship.
The new house was first occupied for service, though, unfinished,
in August, 1881, for the Monthly Meeting. The occasion was a
blessed season and the attendance was large. Many Friends were
there from a distance, and the assembly were deeply sensible of
the overshadowing prasence and melting power of the precious
Spirit to cause all hearts to flow into one free channel of Chi-is-
tian love That consecration of their new house of worship will
long be remembered by the Friends who were present as a
bright and blessed time to all their souls, and a day to reckon
from as the beginning of new and still better things.

Arba was formed about 1815. They built, during the fall of
that year a pole cabin meeting-house of the most iwimitive kind,
with neither fire-place nor chimney, which served both as school-
house and church for some years. After a considerable time a
new, hewed-log church was built, which was occupied for worship
for some thirty years, which, nevertheless, gave place in turn to a
neat and plain brick structure, which now opens its welcome
doors on First and Fifth Days, as well as at other times for the
gentle, quiet, loving Friends to assemble " in the spirit" to wait
on the Lord according to His appointment for the sweet and re-
freshing tokens of His gracious presence, and for the power ot
the life-giving Spirit to work in their souls that which is well
pleasing in His sight. The members at times have been Thomas
Parker, Jesse Overman, Ephraira Overman, Eli Overman, Jacob
Horn-, Thomas Cadwallader, Micajah Morgan, John Thomas,
Clarkson Willoutts, Aaron Mills, William Hill. John Cammack,
Frederic Fulghum, Francis W. Thomas, and many others.

Preachers- -Francis W. Thomas, Adaliza Parker, MillyHunt,
and perhaps others.

There now about two hundred member.s, or thirty families or
parts of families.

The present members, some of them, are Aaron Hill, Jacob
Hill, William Hunt, Henry W. Horn, Henry Horn, Nathan Over-
man, Jordan Fulghum, Clarkson Fulghum, William Fulghum,
Jonathan Rogers, Joshua Thomas, Manlove Thomas, Silas Horn,
Calvin Pucket with their wives and families, and others besides
them.

A new meeting was formed within their bounds a few years
ago, by the name of Beech Grove (in Wayne County).

The Friends at Arba are an active people, engaging largely
in mission work, holding religious meetings, establishing First
Day schools, having temperance meetings, etc. Some five year.s
ago an enthusiastic temperance gathering was held in the grove
near the north toll gate, being addressed Ijy Hon. T. M. Browne,
Rev. Marine, then of Richmond, and others. The assembly was
large, and great interest was taken, and much good was done.

The' Society of Friends at Arba, established about sixty-six
years ago, has maintained a solid existence, and enjoyed a steady,
substantial growth, quiet, peaceful, united, they have pursued
the " even tenor of their way," manifesting a constant and ua
wavering abiding in the things that make for peace and truth
and mercy and righteousness and Christian love. Though mak-
ing but slight apparent noise and stir in the groat world, yet
their quiet and gentle power has been -like the words of the
sacred \vriter: " My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech
shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb,
and as the showers upon the grass. "

Besides the Friends, preaching has been had at the jjlaco
more or less from time to time; but no permanent lodgment was
ever made by any society but the Friends, so far as known.
The Episcopal Methodists have made it a preaching point to
some extent, and the Wesleyan Methodists once had regular meet-
ings for a considerable time, but they were discontinued.

Buena Vista (between Buena Vista and Unionsport) — The
church was built about 1870, by a union effort of all classes,
and was then given into the charge of Friends. There was
no Society in connection with the meeting-house, but Friends
from abroad made appointments for a time. Their meet-

148

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ings have, however, been given up, and the house is occupied
once a month by the Christians (New Lights).

There was once a Quaker Church standing about in the mid-
dle of the burying-ground. It was built by Thomas Gillum,
perhaps thirty years ago, say ] 850, or thereabouts.

Cherry Grove is one of the group of Friends' Societies
formed by that branch of Christian believers dui-ing the first
years of settlement in Randolph County.

About 1820, Arba, L} nn, Cherry Grove, White River, Jericho
and Dunkirk had all taken their beginning in religious work;
and, except Dunkirk, every one of these meetings hold fast to its
place and its work among men.

The exact year of the establishment of each one is not easy to
tell at the present time. Each one of them grew up, naturally,
as it were, by the gathering together of those who, in each local-
ity, were of one heart and one mind in the worship of the Lord.
They had been sober and devout worshipers in the Southern land,
and they brought with them, deep settled in their inmost souls,
their love of God and man and their hope in Christ, and their
sense of obligation to be the Lord's, and to live and die for Him.
And almost the very first thing done by them was to plant the
tabernacle of the Lord in the wilderness; and, through rain and
sunshine, and winter's cold, along forest trails and over paths
dimly traced by blazed trees, on horseback or on foot, did those
sturdy pioneers obey the command of their Lord not to " forget
the assembling of themselves together. "

The history of one is sub.stantially the history of all. One
in spirit, in faith, in love and hope, and in their views of the
appropriate methods of Christian work and worship, this group
of Friends' Societies have gone on, hand in hand and heart with
heart, in their loving service of their Divine Master.

The chief members of Cherry Grove at first were Stephen
Hockett, John Osborn, Jonathan Johnson, John Pogg, Caleb
Reece, Thomas Frazier, Curtis Biles, James Jay, Gideon Frazier,
Edward, Joseph and Nathan Thornburg, etc.

The recorded ministers from time to time, during almost two-
thirds of a century have been Thomas Frazier, the only one for
many years, Elizabeth Pearson, Elwood Osborn, Jonathan Hod-
gin, Levi Jessup, Seth Reece, Huldah Reece, Cynthia Reece,
Martha Johnson.

Some of the members at this time are, in addition to most of
the above ministers: Isaac Osborn, Davis Pegg, Eli Reece, Cal-
vin Johnson, Elkanah Osborn. There are about eighty families
belonging to the Preparative Meeting, with about two hundred
and eighty persons, including children.

It is worthy of remark, as showing the sincerity and per-
manancy of the religious convictions of early Friends that
the ministers among this group of meetings were, for a
long time, very few. Jericiio had none, Cherry Grove had
but one, Arba had but one, Dunkirk had only one; and for
many years Jericho Friends would moot on First and Fifth
Day, winter and summer, rain or shine, regular as the sun-
rise, and sit in absolute and ceaseless quiet with neither prayer,
nor exhortation, nor song, under the gentle ]>ower of the purify-
ing and comforting Spirit, cherishing in their waiting souls the
lovely Christian graces. The meeting-house now standing has
been in occupancy for about twuny-two or twenty-three years.

The first house was log, built where the schoolhouso now is.
The second was frame, built in 1838. That was burnt down in
about 1850, and another, the present one, was erected the next

The meeting-house stands upon a delightful kuoll, being one
of the finest church sites in the county.

Cherry Grove Monthly Meeting was set up in 1822; the Pre-
parative Meeting was established some years before that time.

Dunkirk. — The first meetinghouse at Dunkirk was built in
1822, and the second and last one in 1830. The Friends there
were led by Isom Pucketl for thirty-six years; when he died,
the church went down (1850).

The Dunkirk Society as a budy went with the Anti-slavery
Friends, and the meeting went down before that l>ody dissolved
its organization.

Tlie first house was built of logs, with puncheon door, earthen

tire-place in the middle of the floor, without any chimney, the
smoke escaping through an opening in the middle of the house.

Among those who helped to build it are Jerry Reynolds,
Isom Puckett, Je.-ise Green, Elijah Jackson, John Wright,
Solomon Reynard, Solomon Wright.

It was situated on the Paul Way farm. The church is still
standing. The graveyard is used for purposes of burial, though
much out of repair. It is to be regretted that the early Friends
were so unwilling to place memorial stones over the graves of
their dear departed, since by that neglect all memory of most
of those ancient pioneers will speedily pass from among men.
Dunkirk has scores, jierhaps hundreds, of rough stones set up as
a token that at some time some friend or relative was deposited
beneath; but who it may have been, or when the act was done,
or what the ago or sex of the one above whose dust the " dumb
token " still remains, that lifeless, that letterless stone will not
reveal, and no mortal now living can tell, and the secret is for-
ever hidden. The tomb ie locked, and the key is thrown into
the river, and perpetual darkness rests down upon the rolling

That ancient graveyard would be regarded by coming ages
as a thrice sacred spot, and all the more could future generations
road upon the fair face of the slabs of unmoldering marble the
names, the ages, the virtues of fathers and grandfathers and
great-grandfathers in a long, backward- extending line of
honored and venerable, but now wellnigh forgotten ancestry!

In New England and the East there are no spots like those
ancient "God's acres," where whole generations of ancestors lie
entombed, and where, moreover, the monuments above the life-
less dust- of the departed dead preserve in fadeless freshness the
memory of those who in their appointed lot and place, in ages
long gone by, served well their generation according to the will
of God.

In Old England there is no spot upon her honored soil like
that wonder of the world, the mausoleum of the British Empire
— the burial place of the great, the honored, tho renowned, the
venerated among that mighty nation — Westminster Abbey. And
think of being buried in Westminster Abbey with no stone to
mark tho resting-place! To be honored with a niche among that
congregated host of heroes worthy and beloved, and yet to
lie utterly unnoted and wholly unknown among that company
of England's best and noblest, even as though bleaching in the
blank and empty desert, or as though in the deep bosom of the
ocean buried.

And Dunkirk, in tho Randolph woods, though a humble, is
yet a sacred, spot; and could wo, as we repair thither, but point
out the graves of the worthy sires and grandsires, and of the
aged mothers and grandmothers who have in that solemn place
been biu-ied out of sight until the Archangel's trump shall sound,
after they had well fulfilled the mission which the Great Master
above had given them to do, instead of being, as it now threatens
speedily to become, simply a ruinous old inclosure, rough and
unsightly, with uncouth, shapeless stones projecting uselessly
from the hillocked earth, that same Dunkirk, hidden away in
tho recesses of the forest, would grow to be, and more and more

I as the years and the ages roil, become a veritable " temple of
Mecca," a shrine sacred to love and affection, and to reverence of

1 the lamented dead.

Erect tho gravestones and preserve the cemeteries, and let

i suitable and imperishable monuments mark the resting-places

j of the " dear ones long departed," not indeed for vain and costly

. show, or in tho way of proud and senseless display of aristocracy

' and pride, but under the gentle power of affection and with a
sincere and worthy purpose to preserve to the' public through

] succeeding gonerutions tho knowledge and the memory of those
who, during their lives, were devoted to friendship and kindness

I and the love of God and man.

1 Fannlnnd. — Benjamin Morris, of the Cedar Preparative.

I Meeting, has a minute from that society allowing him to hold
meetings at Farmland. He does .so every other week, Sabbath and

1 Sa\)bath evenings. There are about thirty members. Their serv-
ices wore at first held in the old sohoolhouse. During the present
year (1881). thoy have bought the old Christian (New Light)

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Clitirch at a cost of $350, and are undertaking, under the lead-
ings of the enlightening Spirit, to establish in that village a
permanent, religious work, in connection with their order of
faith and practice.

Jericho was established about 1820. They built a log cabin,
with no windows, but merely holes for light with shuttei-s. The
seats were poles with legs. The women's side had a big fire-
place, but the men's side had a hearth in the middle oE the
room, with a hole in the roof above to let the heat and smoke
out They would use coals from the tire-))lace, bark, etc., that
made but little smoke. Benoni Hill, Henry Hill, Amos Peacock,
Abram Peacock, Elijah Cox, and William Cox, with their wives,
formed the meeting.

There was no minister for fifteen years. The first preacher
was John Jones, about 1835. Other preachers have been resi-
dent among them, though not very many.

In 1843, a division took place in the society at Jericho, a
large company adhei'ing to the Anti-slavory Friends. A new
meeting-house wiis built neai- Henry Hill's, and it was occupied,
perhaps, for twenty years. The Hills, the Peacocks, and others
were prominent in this " separation" at Jericho. After the abo-
lition of slavery, the Anti -slavery Friends disbanded, and most
went back to the "body." In about 1878, another division oc-
curred at Jericho arising from the fact that the great body of
the societies belonging to the Richmond Yearly Meeting (and,
perhaps, to others), have decidedly changed their methods of
procedure and tieir modes of worship from those which had
been prevalent for many years. Some of the Jericho Friends
were unwilling to yield to these changes, and set up a meeting
for themselves. The two divisions occupy the same meeting-
house, the old society meeting in the forenoon, and the new in
the afternoon. The ' ' new " would to outsiders appe.ir to be the
" old,'' but since the Yearly Meeting has also changed, those
who persist in the old methods are reckoned to be the " new "
society. Both, curiously enough, claim to be in the spirit, and
to be using the methods, of the original Quakers. The " new
methods" certainly differ very greatly from those forty and fifty
years ago. How it was at first, we are unable to say. The
members of the meeting in harmony with Richmond Yearly
Meeting are George Thomas, Frances Frazier, Asenath Thomas,
and many others.

The members of the other meeting are William Peacock,
Clarkson Peacock, Peacock, Elijah Peacock, William Rob-
inson, Gilbert, with their wives, as also perhaps others.

The Jericho Friends are a steady. God-fearing,' kind and
generous people, trying to walk in the leadings of the Spirit,
and following peace and good-will toward their brethren and
their fellow-men; and it would seem, to those who look on, a mat-
ter of sincere regret that the little gi-oup of faithful Christians,
small enough even in the whole, could not so far walk in unity
as to continue to be one in outward work and modes of worship,
even as they doubtless are in substantial love and desire for
Christian purity and spiritual advancement.

Lynn was formed very early in the history of the county, per-
haps as soon as 1818, or thereabouts. ) The chief members were
Paul Beard, Sr., Jesse Johnson, Francis Frazier, James Frazier,

Kenworthy, Travis Adcock, John Moorman, Obadiah Harris,

and others not now known. The ministers have been Obadiah
Harris, the fii'st, and foT many years the only one, Ruth John-
son, Ira Johnson, Cynthia IVIills, James Mills (moved to Kansas),
Elkanah Beard, Irena Beard (the two last missionaries to India
and elsewhere). Travis Adcock, and others removed to Iowa
about 1837. The church now standing is very old, having been
built more than forty, and perhaps even fifty years ago. It was
erected about 1830. The Friends at Lynn have always had
among them those who were active in every good and benevo-
lent work, and their record is abundant and honorable in labors
for Christ, and for the upbuilding of His cause among men.
Their first house was of logs, built about 1820. The Friends
at Lyim are now (summer of 1881), erecting ' a new house of
woi-ship on the west side of the pike, near the toll-gate south of
the village of Lynn.

Nm-ivich (near Charles Grist's). — A meeting-house was built

and a graveyard established by the Friends near Charles Grist's,
southeast of Spartanburg, very early, probably as soon as 1825.

The ground (one and a half acres) was given to the society
by ioxa men jointly.

The religious society was discontinued about 1840, or perhaps
sooner. The cemetery is still in use, though not in very good
repair.

The donors of the tract were Stanton Bailey, Cornelius Over-
man and two others. We have been unable to obtain more defi-
nite information as to this society, as it has been extinct forty
years or more, and those who had to do with it are gone from the
region long years ago.

Parker.— Th& Friends have held meetings at this place for
some six years. The Friends who have attended, and have min-
istered as they were ' led by the Divine Light.' have been Delia
Branson, Benjamin Morris, Isaiah Jay, Mwtitia Carter, John Os-
bom, John H. Bond, Lydia Wright.

The resident Friends are Elkanah Mon'is and wife, Barclay
Smith and wife, Andrew Dragoo and wife. Dr. Rogers and wife,
Martin Phillips and wife, Philip Cultice and wife, P. B. Barnes
and wife, Lydia Jessup, Willson Jossup, Hannah Miller, Fanny
Morris, Charles Long, Jacob Wells. Sallie Wasson, L. H. Karns
and others.

In the summer of 1881, they bought the house that had been
the Christian meeting-house, and they now occupy it for regular
religious service, striving humbly to wait on the Lord in quiet-
ness and unity in the way of His appointment, trusting in the
fulfillment of His gi-acious promise, " Lo, I am with you always,
even to the end of the world. ''

Sparrow Creek. — The meeting was organized about 1835.
Dunkirk, Jericho and White River had been joined in a monthly
meeting. Sparrow Creek Meeting-House was built, and Dunkirk
and the latter were made into a monthly meeting. The house
was a good frame building, with two rooms, for males and fe-
males, and it was built about 1835. It was burned some years
afterward, during a winter school, through the means of a stove-
pipe.

The society undertook to build again, and got the frame up,
but in some way the matter failed. The members were some of
the Pucketts and the Bealses and others. The graveyard still
remains, and has some care, though it is in bad repair.

In 183y, Arnold Buflfum first lectured in Winchester on abo-
lition, and he came out and spoke also both at Dunkirk and at
Sparrow Creek, and afterward formed an anti-slavery society at
Dunkirk. At that place. "Old Billy Hunt" (Rev. William
Bunt) challenged a discussion upon slavery. Dunkirk and Spar-
row Creek Quakers went nearly en masse for abolition.

Friend Methodixt, Union, Souiheasf of Windsor. — Rev. John
Smith, a United Brethren preacher, came into the neighborhood
where John Thornbiu-g lived about forty-five or fifty years ago.
Upon his preaching, the people liked his doctrine well, and a
Union Church was formed by Methodists and Friends. Some of
the chief members were John Thornburg, George W. Smithson,
G. Wesley Terrell, William Moore, John N. Terrell.

The log church near the cemetery was built in 1838. Their
meetings were very interesting, and did much good. The church
was thriving and prosperous while John Thornburg (who was a
minister) lived among them. After his death, divisions arose,
the meeting-house was sold, and another was erected farther
south, and gradually the Friend Methodist Church became a
thing of the past. 'The cemetery, with the church, is there yet,
and is patronized for purposes of burial for miles around, The
graveyard is located upon a sightly knoll; making a pleasant ap-
pearance. Many graves are there, and a large number of tomb-
stones raise their heads above the friendly soil to betoken to
friends and passers-by where rest the remains of the sleeping

White River. — This meeting was " set up " about 1820. The
chief families wore those of Benjamin Cox, John Wright (black-
smith), Jonathan Hiatt, Simon Cox. Thomas Ward, Joseph Mof-
fatt,. and perhaps more besides. Of tliese pioneers of church
work among the Friends, none are living. All have passed
on to their reward, and many, very many, of their bodies

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

lie sleeping in the silent graveyard beside the church, where,
for so many faithful years, they met to worship Him who wishes
for His followers only those who worship in spirit and in truth.

Thn ministers belonging to "White River cannot now be stated.
One of them is Levi Cos. Neither have we at hand the names
of the principal members of the society.

The present meetinghouse has been standing many years,
having been built in about 1840.

Before its erection, and from the beginning of their settle-
ment, the Friends had, what everybody else had, for the same
purpose, in the "wooden country," a log church, and many a
season of sweet and rich and melting communion with the "Spirit
which giveth life " and bringeth peace to the waiting, be-
lieving soul, did those quiet, humble. God-fearing Friends enjoy
amid the mighty forest shades, afar from the din and bustle of
the busy mart, and from the thronged i)laces of concourse where
hundred.s or thousands congregate for business, for pleasure, or
even for tho worship of Him who tilleth all in all. For sixty
years, that quiet spot has witnessed, week after week, tho ap-
proach of the worshiping grou|ia as they drew near the sanctuary
of the Holy One to assemble themselves together in the name of
the Lord; and still, week by week, the grandchildren and the
great-grandchildren of those aged fathers and mothers of the
olden time follow the footsteps of their venerated ancestors who
planted the worship of Jehovah in those unbroken woods, and in
meekness and hiimility they bow their souls in solemn adoration,
and lovingly wait and earnestly wrestle and pray for the over-
shadowing and indwelling presence and power of the same spirit
who visited, ages ago, the first Christian dwellers in these lands.

And thus may it be from generation to generation. Ages
hence, may the descendants of the pious woi-shipers of the former
years in these quiet retreats still come as of yore to the same con-
secrated spot, and tind ever the ancient promise true that " the
mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting, and His
righteousness unto children's children."

Wiiiche.8fer. —Although Randolph County has been filled with
Friends ever since its first settlement, and nearly a dozen pre-
parative and several monthly meetings have long existed within its
limits, yet, stiange to say, that society never had regular estab-
lished service in Winchester till a few years ago. Elkanah Beard
took up his residence in the town in 1S73, he and his wife being
prominent ministers among Friends, and they began to hold serv-
ices for worship after the manner of their society in the same
year, the meetings being held in the City Hall.

The interest gradually increased till in 1875, and a prepara-
tive meeting was established, ;is also a monthly and quarterly
meeting, not far from this same time. A neat and convenient
meeting-house was erected in 1876.

Tho resident recorded ministers are Jesse C. Johnson, W.
C. Brown, Elkanah Beiird, Lrena Beard and Mary Matilda Par-
ker. Meetings are held Fifth day nights and First-day morn-
ings and nights, congregation ranging from forty to one hundred
and fifty. An interesting Sabbath school is held in connection
with the society.

Winchester Quarterly Meeting comprises Randoljih, Black-
ford, Delaware and Jjiy Counties, and embraces meetings as fol-

Lynn, Cherry Grove, Poplar Run, Cedar, Winchester, Jeri-
cho, White River, Olive Branch, Farmland, Parker, Randolph
County; Muncio, Delaware County; Blackford, Blackford County,
Penn, Pike, Westchester, Jay County^ — fifteen in all.

The monthly meetings 'are throe in number — Cherry Grove,
White River, Poplar Run.

More than nineteen hundred members are included in the
quarterly meeting. Five preparative meetings, as also Dunkirk,
now extinct, and Arba, belonging to New Garden Quarterly
Meeting, in Wayne County, were established nearly at the
first settlement of the county, ssy between 1815 and 1824. Of
these, Arba is supposed to have been the first, being established
in 1815.

The Friends at Winchester have been active dimng the win-
tor of 1881-.S'2, and much good seems to have been produced by
their religious labors there and elsewhere.

For some time before 1842, a trouble had been arising among
the Friends in Richmond Yearly Meetings on the (juestion of
abolition. While professing to be auti-slavory, the great body
of the meeting were imwilling to cooperate with Abolitioniste
in their work of arousing the nation to the sin and guilt of slav-
ery, and disapproved of those who did so cooperate, notably
condemning Charles Oslx)rn, who was a Friend of high character
and great simplicity and earnestness of spirit. This action
caused a split, and a new society was formed by the name of
Anti -slavery Friends, with their yearly meeting at Newport
(Fountain City), Wayne Co., Ind. Much activity prevailed
among them for several years, and a large number of Randolph
Friends joined the new society. Cabin Creek and Dunkirk Pre-
parative Meetings did so almost entirely. A new meeting was
formed at Jericho. The movement continued for some twenty

Near its beginning, the London Yearly Meeting, to which the
Friends throughout the world look up with reverence as the great
mother of them all, interested herself in the trouble, and sent a
deputation of Friends to visit the "recusants'* .and try to recon-
cile them to the "body."

Their labors proved fruitless, for the time, at least, and Anti-
slavery Friends, with their simple ways, in Hoosier cabins, and
dragging their ox sleds through Indiana woods, made themselves
merry over the rich and haughty English Quakers as they wended
their slow and toilsome way through the wonderful mud from
point to point and from cabin to cabin, offering to buy oxen to
hitch to their costly carriages to haul them through the ten-ible
mud and well-nigh impassable mire, making ceaseless trouble to
the backwoods Hoosiers by their disagreeable and unsuitable
aristocratic ways, obliging whole families to sleep out of doors,
or at least outside the dwelling, because their ladyships could
not possiljly sleep in the same room with a man (besides their
own husbands), and what not.

But the Anti-slavery work foimd other channels, and the
' ' body " softened down considerably, and the mutual yearnings
after reunion prevailed, and the Anti-slavery Friends, such as
cho.se, were received back to the " body " and no questions asked.

Among the leadei-s and prominent Friends in this region en-
gaged in the Anti -slavery secession were Chai-les Osbom, William
Hough, Dr. H. H. Way, Nathan Thomes, Benjamin Thomas,
Benjamin Stanton, Joel Parker, David Willcutts, Walter Edger-
ton; and in Randolph County, nearly all the Friends in Dunkirk
and Cabin Creek Preparative Meetings, and numbers at Jericho,
and some elsewhere, among them the Hills and the Pe.acocks,
etc., at Jericho; the Puckotts, etc., at Dunkirk; tlie Bonds and
the Wrights at Cabin Creek, etc., etc.

The Anti-slavery movement in general was indeed a " thing
of life." Though exceeding small as to numbers, they made up
that lack by excess of activity and overflowing zeal, causing the
country to echo from side to side with their strong and not too
gentle condemnations of the system as such, and of all its prac
ticers and abettors in high places or low, especially in high sta-
tions. Osbom, Lundy, Garrison, Wright (Elizur and Theo-
dore), Green, Lovejoy, Codding, Bimey, Buffum, Pierpont,
Goodoll, Tappan, Whittier, Child, Bailey, Garnet, May,
Leavitt, Douglass, and a great multitude of compeers, set them-
selves the task, under Q«d, of overthrowing American chattel
slavery; and for years the world stood and jeered and mocked,
and cursed and mobbed alternately, tarring and feathering, and
egging and stoning and flogging, and sometimes oven killing
outright the despised Abolitionists, who were truly hated by all
men. But time sped swiftly on, and the thunder rolled and the
lightning flashed, and the storm burst; and, when the sky cleared
itself once more, slavery lay dead, and the slaves had been made
freemen. And the faithful band, its ranks sadly thinned,
shouted, " Hallelujah! Glory to God! " They felt like march-
ing forth as did Miriam of old, among the Hebrew maidens,
with timbrels and dances, singing as they marched, " Sound the
loud timbrel over earth and seal Jehovah hath triumphed. His
people are free!"

And now the devoted band are dead almost to a man. A few,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTS.

and a very few, and only those of the younger class, are still in
the land of the living. 'Most of their names are lost to history,
but their work remains, and their record is on high.

The " Undergroimd Railroad" had many adherents and abet-
tors in Randolph, and great numbers of refugees from slavery
were sheltered and helped on their way toward the North Star by !
faiMif'il fiiouds ilwolliTig in the region.

We class the German churches of various kinds together, and
arrange them in a single group, though of several dififerent orders.

GERMAN BAPTISTS (dCNKAEDs).

The first of these people in America emigrated from Swart-
zeau, Germany, to Germantown, Penn., in 1719.

For many years, their hardships were great and their progre.«s
was slow.

Christopher Saur, one of their number, in 1748 printud the
first German Bible made in America, and edited the first paper
ever issued from their church, and perhaps from any religious

Their fii-st annnal conference, so far as known, took place in
1778.

The first meeting-house known was built in Franklin County,
Penn., in 1798. There must have many built before that time,
one would think, though in old times much religious work was
done in private houses, barns, schoolhouses, etc.

The first brother that settled in Virginia was John Garber, at
Flat Rock Valley, in 1777, who built up a large congregation.
From this church Jacob Miller came to near Dayton, Ohio, in
1800. He raised twelve children — nine sons and three daugh-
ters. Three of his sons became ministers, and reside in Indiana,
doing much work for the Gospel there.

The German Baptists have eighty-five congregations in In-
diana, and seventy-five in Ohio, mostly with extensive member-
ship and large houses for worship.

Their churches are found in twenty States, and number more
than one hundred thousand members.

Eleven newspapers are published under their auspices, and
they have three colleges— Mt. Morris, 111., by Elder J. W. Stein;
Ashland, Ohio, by Elder S. G. Sharp ; Berlin, Penn. , by Elder
James Quirter.

In Darke County there are four congregations — Ludlow and
Painter Creeks, Hillgrove, Oakland and Palestine.

In Randolph County, Ind., there is but one — Union City, one
mile north of town.

In Darke County, Ohio, adjoining Randolph, they have
twenty-three resident ministers and nine houses of worship.
Sometimes one church or congregation will have several meeting-
houses. Thus, Union City Church has two — one north of Union
City, and one southeast of Hillgrove, Ohio.

Baptist (north of Union City, Ind.).— About 1820 or 1827, by
a council held at William K. Marquess' (Samuel Parent's, a
GeiTuan Baptist Church was organized and called Greenville
Creek Church. Their preaching was supplied by ministers from
a distance, who came on horseback, along narrow, winding traces,
and often through deep mud and water, to bring sinners the tid-
ings of salvation, and not without the abundant blessing of the
Lord of the vineyard.

In 1830, John Crumrine was elected to the ministry at the
house of Susannah Crumrine. In 1830, William K. Marquess
was called to the service of the church as a preacher.

In 1848, a church was organized near Union City, with about
seventy members, of whom only six or eight are now living here.

Brethren Crumrine and Marquess were the first resident min-
isters. Rev. Crumrine moved to Wabash County, Ind., in 1852,
and Rev. Mai'quess died November 9, 1857. 'Their preaching
points were in Preble, Miami, Darke and Mercer Counties, Ohio,
and Randolph. Wayne and Heni7 Counties, Ind.- The places
were Harris Creek, Stillwater, Ludlow, Fort Recovery, Green-
ville Creek, Union City, W^inchester, Deertield, Bloomfield, Grand-
ville, Hagerstown and Blue River.

Many of the members have died, and great numbers have re-
moved to the West

In 1 852, Thomas B. Wenrick was chosen to the ministry, and
ordained in 1854 or 1855, being tl>o «tst rosi.lont Elder.

William K. Marquess, Jr., was chosen about 1855, and Eli
Dickey, William B. Sirauions, Samuel I'uteiljnngli and Bnnjamin
Bowman, have since been elected in this church as minietors of
the Word.

Eli Dickey moved to Ohio about 1870; the others reside lu-io
still. Stephen Miller and George Pet«rs moved to the bounds of
this church for a short time.

In 1870, the first house of worship was built on the State line
one mile north of Union City (in Indiana). The size is 44x56
feet, and the cost was $3, 250, and there is a cemetery in connec-
tion. The second meeting-house was erected in 1878, about a
mile Boutheaat of Hillgrove, Ohio, at a cost of $050, with a size
of 32x44 feet.

The church is large and flourishing, enjoying peace, harmony
and the blessing of the Good Shepherd.

The names of the first members cannot now be given. Some
of them have been and are as follows:

William K. Marquess (Rev.), John Crumrine (Rev.), John
B. Wenrick (Rev.), Eli Dickey (Rev.), William B. Simmons (Rev.),
Samuel Puterbaugh (Rev.), Benjamin Bowman (Rev.), Stephen
Miller (Rev.), George Peters (Rev.), Frederick Roe, John Zum-
brun, 0. W. Marquess, Adam Simmons, S. Blocker, D. Blocker,
John Knife, P. Wimar, J. Emerick, J. Kunkle, E. Noffsinger,
Elizabeth Noffsinger, Mr. Deal and family, George Boyer, — —
Conoway.

There are, as already stated, two churches. The communion
is held once a year, in the house north of Union City.

The name ot the society was changed. December 25, 1868, to
Union City Church.

The number of members January 1, 1881, was 225.

Zion Church (Evangelical) Emmetsville. — The church began
in 18G5. Meetings were held at Mr. Zimmerman's till 1879,
at which time the society built a meeting-house just east of Em-
metsville, a frame, 28x4(5 feet, at a cost of $1,200.

The fii-st memljers were Emanuel Zimmerman and family,
George Weiss and family, Peter Young and family, Jacob Young
and family, Philip Bretch and family. And there have joined
the society since, George Allmann and family, John Blouch and
family. Christian May and family.

Preaching once a fortnight, but worehip and Sunday school
every Sabbath. Service both English and German.

There is one church like this at Winchester, and no other in
the county.

Evangelical Association, Winchester. — There were members
belonging to this denomination before 1 833, but no class. At that
date. Christian Habbich came to Winchester, and a class was
formed, and religious services have been maintained ever since.
For about thirty years, meetings were held in private dwellings.
In 18G3, a church was built on Franklin street, west of the pub-
lic square.

The members in 1855 were Habbich (three families), Ulrich
(one family), George Hay, Philip Schmidt.

Since then, some of the chief members have been George S.
Keller, C. and G. Kizer, Schrickengost, Wietz, Boltz, Sayler,
George W. Meier, Andrew Lewis, etc.

F?eachers — Messrs. Shafer, Bretch, Wales, Evans, Uphaus,
Buchman, Brechster, Dreier, Hosstetler, etc. The present Pastor
is Rev. Launer, and he resides in the place. The church is a
mission church. The Pastor supplies three churches — Winches-
ter, Emmettsville and Richmond; preaching, in both languages,
once in two weeks. The congregation sustains a Sunday school,
as also a prayer meeting. The number of members is about
eighty. The church, with the lot, cost about $2,000.

The society is evangelical, believing in conversion and exper-
imental religion. Only two are in the county, at Emmettsville
and at Winchester.

Dutch Reformed (Pittsburg). — This society began about sev-
enteen years ago, and their meeting-house was built about 1870.

152

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Some of their preachers have been Revs. Colliflower, Stuck
and Weaver.

Their members have been the Shaneyfelts, Rickards, Stick,
Nunnamaker, Lammot, Ravenstein, De Lawter, IlifiFj etc.

Lutheran (Union City) was organized about 1857, by Rev.
Thomas Lacker, residing near Greenville, Ohio, with A. Abel,
Sr. , as Elder, and T. Rosenbnsh and C. Schneidermann as Trust-

The ministers have been Rev. A. Reefecker, Darke County,
Ohio; Rev. J. Looiler, first resident Pastor, nine years; Rev. J.
A. Spangenberg, eight months; Rev. E. Behme, several years;
Rev. A. Michael is present Pastor (1881).

Until 1860, the congregation worshiped in private dwellings,
stores, etc.

Their meeting-house was built (Plum, north of Oak) in
1800-61.

The congregation increased greatly under the ministry of Rev.
Loefler. When the church was dedicated, there were but thir-
teen members, yet the house was free from debt.

In 1807, the church withdrew from the General Synod (New
Lutheran), and joined the Joint Synod (Old Lutheran), with
which it is now connected. Number of members, about one
hundred and fifty; number of families, about fifty.

The Sunday school has ten toachers and seventy-five pupils;
congregational schools held during summer months; religious in-
struction every Saturday morning, and lectures on the Catechism
every other Sunday afternoon.

This chiu-ch is the only Lutherar Church in Randolph County.
Darke County, Ohio, has twelve, mostly German. Some of the
societies date back thirty-five or forty yeais. In the United
States, there are 2,700 ministers, 4,740 congregations and 000,000
communicants.

The religious services in the society are well attended by in-
terested congregations.

Reformed (two and a half miles south of Fairviow).— The
church was formed about 1800, and their house was built in 1862.

The chief members were the Seitzes and the Campbells,
and the preacher was Rev. Weaver.

The society has of late floarished less than in former years,
though at present the interest seems to be reviving.

Early Metltadism (from "Indiana Miscellany," W. C. Smith.)
— Methodism was introduced into Clark's Grant as soon as 1802.
Rev. Hugh McCull settlt-d on the White Water, in Wayne County,
in 1805, and for sixty years or more he blew the Gospel trumpet,
dying 1862, in his one hundred and fifth year.

The first circuit in Indiana was-the White Water Circuit, formed
in 1807, and belonging to the Ohio District and the Old Western
Conference.

This circuit extended from the Ohio River north as far as
there were any settlements.

In 1808, Joseph Williams was preacher in charge, and John
Sale was Presiding Elder.

They found upon the circuit 185 white members and one col-
ored.

In 1809, Indiana District was formed, containing six circuits
— Illinois, Missouri, Coldwater, Maramao, White Water and Sil-
ver Creek — two in Indiana.

The territory comprised the whole of Indiana, Illinois and
Missouri.

Silver Creek embraced the southern portion of the State, and
White Water Circuit lay north of Silver Creek Circuit.

In 1809, White Water had 352, and Silver Creek 188.

In 1810, White Water alone had 484.

In 1811. Moses Crune was preacher in chai'ge and a great
favorite.

For two or throe years, the services were held mostly in the
forts, which had been built for the protection of the frontier set-
tlers. The preachers would go around and travel from fort to
fori

In 1813, White Wat«r had 847, and the five circuits 2,176.

In 1814, the preacher was David Sharp; in 1815, William

Hunt; 1810. David Fraley ; 1817, Benjamin Lawrence; in 1818,
William Hunt

In 1818, there were seven circuits and nine preachers, with
3,044 members.

One of the first meeting-houses in Indiana was built in 1808,
called Meeks' Meeting-House, standing on Clear Creek, a mile or
so southeast of Salisbury, Wayne County, old county seat.

One sermon from Augustus Joeelyn, in particular, from 2 Peter,
ii, 22, "The dog is returned to his own vomit, and the sow that
was washed to her wallowing in the mire," was long remembered
as a fearfully powerful sermon upon backsliding and backsliders.

The third Methodist meetinghouse was at Boston, and called
Salem Meeting-House, where was built up a strong society.

The first frame meeting-house was at Centerville, under Rev.
James Havens.

Camp-meetings were a power in those days. Great num-
bers were converted in them.

The first camp-meeting in Indiana, so fai- as known, was in
1810, and was held in Wayne County, a mile southeast of Salis-
bury. Thomas Nelson and Samuel Thompson were preachers in
charge, and John Sale was Presiding Elder.

In a short time, the place of meeting was changed to Rev.
Hugh McCull's land, and annual camp gatherings were maintained
for many years.

From 1819 onward for years, two preachers wore assigned to
one circuit The assignments for White Water were as follows,
including, at this time, all the [Xjints of Randolph County:

1819— Allen Wiley, Zachariah Council.

1820--Arthur W. Elliot, Samuer Brown.

1821 — James Jones.

1822— Allen Wiley, James T. Wells.

1823— Russell Bigelow, George Gatoh.

1824— John Everhart, Levi White— 8,292 members in In-
diana.

The second Methodist meeting-house in Wayne County was
built on land belonging to John Cain, three miles northwest of
Richmond, called Cain's Meeting-House. It was of logs, 18x22
feet, and the dedication sermon was preached by Rev. John
Summerville. The text was a queer one^Zech., x, 4, "Out of
him came forth the corner, outof him the nail, out of him the battle-
bow, out of him every oppressor together." But doubtless the
discourse was, like many in those days, a powerful efifort, for men
in th6se sledge-hammer times made a "business" of preaching.
And in that humble sanctuary, such men as Moses Crume, John
Strange, Walter Grilfith, Alexander Cmnmins, Augustus Joee-
lyn, James Jones, Arthur W. Elliot, Russel Bigelow, Allen Wiley
and James Havens proclaimed the Gospel of Christ to entranced
throngs of hardy pioneers; and a Gospel it was — sweet, strong,
clear — a portion to each, both saint and sinner, in due season.

1825. — Three districts were in Indiana— Madison, Indiana
and Illinois.

1820— James Havens, circuit-rider.

1827 — James Havens, John T. Johnson.

1828— T. S. Hitt, James Scott; 12,090 members in Indiana.

In 1823, White Water Circuit embraced all Franklin and
Wayne Counties, and parts of Fayette, Henry and Randolph
Counties.

Rev. John Gibson was a powerful preacher, and died in 1818,
or near that tima

Rev. Allen Wiley, when holding a two-days' meeting near
Salisbury, in 1818, had a text given him with a request that he
would preach from it, and a pledge that the writer of the request
would attend and listen to the discourse. The text was taken,
the request was read to the assembly, and a grand sermon was
the result The text was, " (Jod said to Moses, ' I am that I am,'
and He said, ' Thus shall ye say unto the children of Israel, I
am hath sent me unto you.' "

Mr. Smith said it was discovered that the person who sent
the text to Mr. Wiley was a young lawyer by the name of Dally,
and that he left shortly for New Orleans.

We give an incident in the life of Hon. James Rariden, ad- '
ding also a few items of his history:

He came to Indiana very early, stopping at Salisbury, and ob-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUiNTY.

153

taining the position of Deputy Clerk under David Hoover. He
entered the law, with ronmrkable power, eloquence and success.
He wa? not a Christian, and was habitually profane. One day,
his little son, who had been at church, said to hia mother,
"Mother, the preacher said that swearers will' go to hell, and
pa swears." The remark startled Mr. Rariden. and he declared,
"I will quit swearing at once." WTiether he did or not we do
not know. He was liberal, though quaint and original in his
method of showing it. One day, a subscription for money for a
horse for Rev. Everhart. containing sums of 10 cents to 25 cents,
and so on. ""Why," said he, "this will never buy a horse for
anybody." He went out immediately, bought a horse and gave
if to the needy minister, and let the " picayune " subscription go
its way.

Camp-Meetings. — The first camp meeting in the United States
is said to have been held near Red River, Kentucky, in 1799, by
two brothers MoGee, one a Presbyterian and one a Methodist.
It was induced by the great effect of preaching at a meeting in
the neighborhood previously, and produced a wonderful revival,
being followed by others in various places.

The first in Indiana Territory is thought to have been on the .
^Vhite Water Circuit, between Brookville and Harrison, conducted
by Rev. Hezekiah Shaw, in 1808.

The third in the Territory was in 1810, between Richmond
and Centerville, by Elder John Sale, and after that, camp meet-
ings were held yearly at the grounds of Rev. Hugh McCull, a
famous pioneer preacher, who died in 1862, in his one hundred
and fifth year.

Many camp-meetings, grove meetings, etc., have been held in
the county. Some of them have been at Spartansburg, Fairview,
Mt. Zion, Union Chapel, Ritenoiu-'s, and of later years, at Union
City Fair Grounds, Winchester Pair Grounds, Arba, Windsor,
Ridgeville, Shiloh, Chonoweth's (near Bartonia), and other places
besides. They were once a great power for good, mixed with
considerable evil. The roughs would go for mischief, but the
Spirit of the Lord was there in power, and brought many a
haughty blasphemer to the foot of the cross.

The camp meetings of later years seem but feeble echoes of
the old-time gatherings in the leafy woods. The mischief is
there in abundance, but the oifsetting, wrestling, conquering,
converting; new creating Holy Ghost power is all too seldom
seen in modern days. In fact, they seem, in many cases of late,
to be conducted simply as a money speculation, and the Spirit of
Power is absent.

The Methodist Episcopal societies are Union City, Win-
chester, Spartansburg, Bartonia, Huntsville, Mt. Pleasant, three
and a half miles southeast of Huntsville, Lebanon, one and
a half miles northeast of Huntsville, Macksville, Mt. Zion, south-
east of Winchester, Unionsport, Thornbiirg Chapel, Windsor.
Pleasant View, Union Chapel, west of Bloomingsport, Farmland,
Morristown, Saratoga, Pittsburg, Ridgeville, Lynn, Vineg.u- Hill,
Losantville, Concord, Fairview, Deerfield, Reholx)th, northwest
of Farmland, New Dayton, Pleasant Hill, north of Farmland,
Bloomingsport, New Pittsbiu-g, Mt. Pleasant, west of Bloomings-
port, on the boundary, and perhaps others.

Bartonia. — A class was established there (at Mr^ Bailey's)
about 1848, and. the meeting-house was built about 1850. Ed-
ward Barton was Class-Leader. Some of the members have been
Edward Barton, James Bailey, William Shockney, James Jack-
son, William A. Macy, Ejihraim L. Bowen, Chenoweth; Will-
iam Locke, Manning, Manning, Spencer, and their wives.

Preachers have been Messrs. Stout, Hollinsworth, Wright,
Hull, Black, etc. (see Spartansburg).

The class still exists, though it is small.

Mr. Chenoweth, during his life-time, prepared a grove upon
his land for the holding of meetings, and in the summer time,
religious services are often held there.

He died a few years ago, and Lis decease has been a great
loss to the community and to the society.

William Locke, who, for many years, was a warm-hearted
member of the Bartonia Class, also removed not long ago, and no
one remains who can fill the gap his absence has created.

Bloomituj spurt. — The cla.ss was first held at Jeremiah Tharpe's,

south of Bloomingsport. A log house was biailt, perhaps about
18'2S. The trustees of the society were John Stevens, Nathan
Fr^zier and Thomas Phillips. The present house was built in
1849.

Other members have been Laban Tharpe, William Chamness,
William Webb, Caswell Bachelder, Alfred York, Daniel Hiatt,
Harbor Pierce.

The class numbers about forty at the present time.

Deerfield. — The class was formed about 18;}7. The meetings
were held at first in a log schoolhouse east of town, then at Perry
Fields' for some years, then in a log sohoolhou.se half a mile
south of Perry Fields', and in other places also. The church at
Deerfield has been built about thirty years.

Some of the early members were Anthony Ritenour, Pen-y
Fields, Caleb Odle, William Odlo, Ephraim Collins (exhorter),
William B. Fields (exhorter).

Some of the preachers for Ritenour's, Prospect and Deerfield
have been Revs. Burns, Bartlett, Hall, Bradshaw, Bradbury,
Kent, Campbell, Newton, Herrick, Ramsey, Blake, Kerwood,
Madden. The present incumbent is Rev. Harrison.

Among the present members are Fletcher Barrett, David Har-
ker, John Garwin, Perry Fields, Willis Whipple, Isaac Thomson.

Fairview. — The Methodists began to hold services at the first
settlement of the region.

Rev. Elijah Harbour moved in very early, and he was a local
preacher, and did much toward planting religion in that part of
the county. Preaching was held at Nathan Godwin's, near Fair-
view; at Mr. Pendry's, in Delaware County; and at John Booth's,
in Jay County. A "log church was built in Fairview about 18;.!9,
and a" frame house in 1849, which is standing yet, having been
remodeled in 1874.

Some of the early members were Nathan Godwin, Bennet
King, John King, James McProud, John Life, Elijah Harbour
(Rev.), Caleb Manor (Jay County), John Booth (Jay County),
William Richardson, with their wives.

Names of preachers : Messrs. Harbour, Ackerman, Bradbury,
Brandshaw, Bowers, Leech, Sales, Smith, Hull, Bruce, Barrett,
Phillips, Strite, Sells, Woolpert, Parrot, Donald, Robinson.

They have a Sunday school numbering sixty to seventy pupils.

Thomas Godwin says that he came of age while Rev. Brad-
shaw was circuit-rider, and that the preacher was at Thomas'
father's house on the day that he (Thomas) was twenty-one. The
young man, wishing to play a joke, said to his father, " Put yoiir
thumb on my head." Tbe old man did so. Thomas, slipping
quickly from imder his father's hand, said, "There, father, I
have slipped from under youi- thumb.'' The clergyman was sur-
prised and jileased to boot, at the freshness and oddity of the
jest, insomuch that he spoke of it many years afterward.

Farinland. — A class was formed some time before ]8()(;.
The Christians were more numerous. Both meetings were held
in the schoolhouse at first, but, in 1808 or 1869, the Methodists
built a church, and gradually incnased in numbers and influ-
ence, eventually gaining a prominent stauding.

Among the members in 1806 were John S. Mclntyre, Samuel
Mclntyre, William B. Oliver, Charles Wall, Mr. Kelley (preacher
—returned to Virginia).

Members since that time: John A. Moorman (Rev.), Elias
Holliday, John H. Denton, Lewis A. Gable, James S. Davis, M.
W. Diggs, S. C. Grimes, K. L. Mull, etc.

Preachers— Moses Marks, W. R. Jordan, McMahan, J. H
Peyton, Roberts, McKegg, J. W. Lowry, Jackson, Spellman, A.
J. Lewellen, Charles Bacon.

The society niunbers about eighty members. Sunday school
has eighty to one hundred pupils, and is sustained all the year,
being a live, wide-awiike, prosperous school.

ifdjif.s Schnolhnufte (one mile south of Pleasant View). — A
class has existed there twenty years or more. Some of the leading;
members have been John A. Hunt, George Howell, ElizabetV
j Hunt and sons.

At Pleasant View there is Methodist preaching, hut no class.
' preaching being held once in three weeks, and Sunday schoo
! every Sabbath. The preacher now is Rev. Peck.
j Letmnon (between Huntsville and Winchester).— This churcl

154

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

was built in 1867. Ita members are Edward Butler and wife,
William Butler and wife, Jonathan Butler and wife, Ackerell
Lamb and wife, Joshua Campbell and wife, John T. Harrison
and wife.

The preachers havm been Khodes, Wones, Harvey, Wolverton,
Bowen, Peck.

Meetings have been held also at Beech Grove Sch(X)lhouse,
near "Woods' Station.

Lynn. — The Methodists began at Hopewell, in Wayne County,
very early, one mile south of Mi'. Curtis Clenny's. Mrs. Shoe-
maker (daughter of (/urtis Clenny, who came to near Lynn about
]Sir>), who is our informant, joined the Hopewell Class in 1881.

In 1844, preaching was established at Mr. John Moody's,
southeast of Lynn, and a class was formed, and the meetings
were held in dwellings for many years. About 1850, or possibly
sooner, the Methodists had preaching in a log house on the Free-
stone farm.

The Methodist Church at Lynn was built about 1855.

Some of the members of the class at Mr. Moody's were John
Peale and wife, John Moody and wife, Elijah Benson and wife,
Elizabeth Shoemaker, Mrs. Elizabeth Benson.

Somfi of the members at Lynn were Pierce Hollingsworth
(local preacher), John Peale and wife, John Clenny and wife,
and others not now recollected.

Preachers — Messrs. Burns, Cooper, Stout, Smith, Bradford,
Wright and many others.

There have been great revivals in connection with the Lynn
work. At one meeting, 150 members joined.

In 1801, a powerful awakening occurred, the meeting lasting
a month.

Of late years, the work has much declined. Afewyears ago,
the place was abandoned as a preaching point. At length it was
resumed, along with others that had been dropped, foui- or five
being thrown into a missionary circuit. The work revived, and
the circuit became self-supporting. However, the society has
dwindled, and at present (1881), no regular meetings are held,
and there is no Sunday school.

Maxi-ille.- Meetings were held at John Sumwalt's, and a class
was organized about 1821 or 1822. Several other preaching
points were established not far from the same time— George
Ritenoiu-'s, on the Mississinewa; William Kennedy's (Mt. Zion,
southeast of Winchester), etc. Mr. Kennedy belonged first to
the class at Ritenour's, and attended class there, he and his wife
going on horseback through the woods eight miles though preach-
ing was held also at Kennedy's cabin.

Another nucleus of Methodism was among the Hunts, in West
River, " Old Billy Hunt " being a preacher for fifty years or more.

Some of the early preachers were Richard Brandreth, sixty
years ago, then a lad in his teens, still living, an old man, at
Piqua, Ohio, a physician and a clergyman: Messrs. Wood. John
S. Smith, living; John H. Hull, 1887; Ansel Beach, 1838; Fran-
cis Carey, William DickersoD, Colbreth Hall (married " Old Billy
Hunt's" daughter), William Hunt, etc., etc.

Memborsliip — There were but few members of the class at
Su'nwalfs ^or t«n or fifteen years — John Sumwalt, one and a half
miifs soril' ' " i\Taxvil!o; Godfrey Sumwalt, at Sampletown Cross
Ri 'V; .J ■i^iwalt. who lived inlhe vicinity; Walter Ruble

ar I ; '^ '. ' 1 '. Odle, Mrs. Tarlton Moorman and others.

i' . .1 ,t; ..laxville was first built in 1888, near the mill,

a frm: :«..

T! J • was Irarned, supposed to have been done by an in-

ccndi.uy, i:. 'olT. The present house was built nbout 185(1.

Early lj ti.bers at Masville, besides the ones named: Rob-
ison Mclntyio, who had been a Presbyterian, but who became an
active Methodist; Henry D. Huffman, also a Presbyterian, but an
efficient worker; Alexander Mclntyre, John Melntyre.

Present members : Mrs. Mclntyre (widow of John Mclntyre),
Charles Schultz (local preacher), Charles W. Paris, Stephen
Moorman, Rudolph Good, David Addingtou, Stephen Brickley, etc.

Mt. Pleanant (West River, on boundary). — Methodist meet-
ings were hold at Mr. Freeman's, then at Shoemaker's, and after-
ward at Brother John Grubbs. ' A log church was built perhaps iu
1888, two miles west of Mt. Pleasant, and Salem Church, two

and a half miles north of the boundary, at about the same time.
The present Mt. Pleasant was built about 1865. The one west
of Mt. Pleasant was Asbury Chapel.

The members have been Barrett Barnett, John Retz, Mr. Mc-
Gunnigal, John Jordan, Mr. Freeman, John Shoemaker, John
Grubbs, George Jordan's sons Mid others.

Preachers have been (some of them) Messrs. Hall, McMahan,

, Roberts, Strite, Rhodes, Fr(

m. Maun,

n Kennedy' s).
i only paths

Fish, Metz, Spellm
Shackelford.

A Sunday school is held every Sabbath,
fifty members, and a good congregation attend the »
church.

Mt. Zion (southeast of Winchester, no:u- Williai
— Preaching began in this vicinity very early, wh(
and trails traced their winding way among the forest trees.
Kennedy was an ardent Methodist, and the preachers soon found
him out, and his cabin was the circuit-rider's home for many
years. His wife and himself used to go on horseback through
the woods to near Richmond, and to Ritenour's Church, between
Ridgeville and Deerfield, in those ancient days. Probably a pole
cabin answered the purposes of worship, after having mot in the
dwellings of Brethren Kennedy, Lucas, etc.

A log church was built in about 1836, which answered the
desired end till 1808, at which time the present neat and tasteful
edifice was erected.

The first interment in the cemetery is supposed to have been
Mrs. Wheeler, vvhich took place in (we do not know the date).

Some of the pioneer members of the Methodist Class in those
times, when men and women gathered among the forests for wor-
ship, and not for show, were as follows:

William Kennedy and wife, John M. Lucas and wife, David
North and wife (he is still living and resides in Kentucky), Tyn-
dall and wife, Pierce Hollingsworth and wife (local preacher),
William Hollingsworth and wife (local preacher), Stephen Will-
iams and wife (local preacher).

The early preachers cannot now be given. Some of the later
ones have been Revs. Stout, Cooper, Jenkins, Newman, Newton,
Thomas, Butts, Cain.

Chief members now: Nathan Butts, John R, Phillips, Henry
Tisor, Anna Hollingsworth, Mrs. Johnson, Mrs. Gard, Mrs. Kep-
linger, etc.

Mt. Zion has been an important station from the beginning.
Much of the time, a Sunday school has been in operation, though
there is none at the present time. It is true, also, that this class
has seen times of depression and discouragement, such a sea.son
existing at the present time.

New Dayton.— There was preaching as early as 1887, at the
very first settlement of the region. The first Sunday school in
the region was organized by Rev. J. G. Brice.

The meetings were held at aschoolhouse near Isaiali Milner's,
on the present pike from Olive Branch to Stone Station. A class
was organized at an early day and the services were hold at va-
rious places — at Mrs. Helms' and elsewhere.

It has been, on tlie whole, a good, substantial class, dwindling
sometimes, and given up two or three times by the conference;
but it would not stay "dropped." and still struggled on, deter-
mined to live. In 1877, a tasteful and con%'enient church was
erected near the cemetery, and the class feel well rejiaid for the
conHict they have endured for nearly forty yeai-s.

Some of the members are. or have been, James Addington
(exhorter) and wife, Isaiah Milner and wife, Simon Lighty (ex-
horter) and wife, Eli Hiatt and wife, Jesse Addington and wife,
L. W. Sherman and wife, Mrs. Pardon Sherman, Hannah Rose, eta

Preachers — Messrs. Barrett, Lank, Heustis, Harbour, Brad-
shaw; Brice (Congregational), Pierce, Newton, Spellman, Ocker-
man, Elijah Harbour, etc.

A good Sunday school is sustained, with fi'ora sixty to eighty
pupils.

I'ift.sbarg. — The Methodists began hero about 1858. Preach-
ing was held at James Porter's. Afterward, a log church was
built at Walnut Corner, south of Pittsbui'g. A frame chui-ch was
built at Pittsburg about 1800, but the society went down not
I very long after.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

155

Some of the chief members have been Eobert Kemp, Lansford
Fields,- James Porter, Mrs. Puterbaugh, AVilliam Fields, tho
Keys, the Iliffs, eta

Parker. — This society has been in operation ever since the
town started, but they had no church till 1872.

Some of the chief members have been Messrs. Daughorty,
Friddle, James Cecil, Ezra Cecil, Knajip, Ephraim Cecil, Peter
Deal, John Morris, J. L. Miller.

There are sixty or seventy members. They have a Sunday
school. Rev. Holdstock is their pastor now.

The class belongs to the Selma Circuit, though it formerly
was attached to the Windsor Circuit.

Pleasant Grove (near Granger Hall, two miles north of
Spartanburg). — The church there was built about 1847, and re-
mained till about 1800. Some vi tho same members who after-
ward formed the Bartonia Class were prominent in building
Plea.<?ant Grove Church and sustaining religious sei-vices there.
Being so near both Spartanburg and Bartonia, the class could
not very long maintain a separate existence.

Pleasant Hill (one and three-fourths miles north of Farm-
land).—The class was fonned in 1858, by Eev. John B. Bui-t.
The house was built in 1800.

Some of the eairly members were Leven Cox and wife, William
Broderick, Van Ormond and others.

Preachers have been Messrs. Burt, Lacey, Phillips, Jackson,
Roberts, Redkey, Boydon, Jordan, Spellman, Lewellen,McKegg,
Bacon.

The number of members now is between thirty and forty.
Some of them ar.j William Surawalt, James Fryer and wife,
Ellon Cox, James Roberts and wife, William James and wife,
Rebecca Shaw and wife, William J. Macy and wife, Jesse Cox
and wife, Simon Heffer and wife, William Broderick and wife,
Benjamin Sum wait.

Prospect (east of Deorfiold, Ward Township).— There was an
early preaching place near this house. The circuit-rider used to
make Riley Mai'shall's one of his pointe away back at the begin-
ning of things. Mr. Marshall came about 1821, and the time of
the commencement of preaching dates back nearly to that day.
The meeting-house was built about 1845. It has been used until
within a few years, and this neighborhood has been, since the
first settlement, an important point to the Methodists. But the
house had become so out of repair that it was scarcely fit for use,
and, Saratoga having grown up as an active center of business,
the new church was built there; and "Prospect ]\teeting-House "
stands, neglected and forsaken, beside the ancient cemetery, one
of the oldest in the county, " where the rude forefathers of the
hamlet sleep," a sad memorial of the melancholy changes that
come over the face of human affairs as the ages roll. The ceme-
tery is still in use, and will probably continue so.

Judge Daniel B. Miller, a venerable pioneer of this region
who had removed from his early haunts to s|)end his declining
years at Winchester, directed his mortal remains to l)e burno,
nevertheless, to old Prospect Cemetery, to sleep amongst those of
his pioneer neighbors and associates.

The new church at Saratoga has been standing only a short
time, being, however, a commodious, substantial structure of
brick, erected thus in hope that the coming generations may find
therein a place to worship God, and that time's rude, destructive
hr.nd may not again, in either the neiu" or the not too distant fut-
ure, force tli^ae who shall dwell in the land in the coming ages
to build arow the walls of their temple, or find, mayhap, still
other seats of piety and devotion.

In the ai:"'ont cemetery at Prospect Meeting-House lie very
many old men and women, pioneers of the region. Some of
them, as may be seen in the record of cemeteries, have tomb-
stones erected above them to preserve to coming generations for
their memory a name among the living. But for many — alas,
how many!— this burial in tho cold, cold ground has been u cut-
ting-off from memory, as well as from sight; and the day is soon
to come, perhaps has already dawned, when no man knoweth
their sepulcher, and no man will know till the blast of the Arch-
angel's trpmpet in the midst of the rending sky shall reveal the
final resting-place of each of the myriads of earth's departed ones.

Besides Riloy Marshall's, meetings were held at D. B. Mil.
ler's and at Samuel Helms,' Mr. Miller had a vacant building,
which wan used, and afterward Mr. Helms erected a large brifk
dwelling, and the upper part, being all in one room, was occupied
as a meeting place, and they say it made a first-rate assembly

Some of the early members were Samuel Helms, Daniel B.
Miller, Riley Mai-shall, Ezekiel Cooper, Samuel Milligan — also
Ephraim Collins, Perry Fields, Lansford Fields, William Fields,
Sr., Martin Fields, Robert Pogue, Bennet Evans, Edward Evans,
Andrew Key, etc. , etc. (For preachers, see Deerfield. )

Kchoboth (west of Shiloh, northwest of Farmland) was built
alx)ut 1853. The frame is now being torn away to be replaced
by a new one the present summer (1881).

The members have been Abram Hammer, John Craig, Alfred
McCamy, Jacob Windermaker, John Windennaker, Joseph Ham-
mer, Jacob Simmons, George Morris, Stephen Willey, Cooper
Morris, Richard Homer, etc., etc.^

The society would seem to sustain an active and vigorous ex
istence, and to maintain its hold upon the community.

Hidgeville. — The Methodists began to hold services about
1850, first at Mr. Renbarger's, afterward at a schoolhouse in
Ridgeville, as also on the Dilly farm, two miles northwest of
Ridgeville, and at Robert Collier's, northeast of tho town. Class
was held and services were established fifty or sixty years ago at
Ritenour's, as 'elsewhere related.

Members in the region have been George E. Thomson and
wife, Benjamin Lewallyn and wife, Abram Renbarger and wife,
George Ritenour and wife, William Munden and wife, Obadiah
Hall and wife, James Odle and wife, Caleb Odle and wife, Rob-
ert Starbuck and wife, William J. Shoemaker and wife, Mr, Wy-
song and wife, Arthur MoKew and wife, Hannah Ward, Mrs.
Ann Addington, George Gagner and wife.

Preachers — Messrs. Sell, Pierce, Herrick, McDaniel, Way-
mon, Meta, Harrison, etc.

Sunday school is kept up, and a commendable activity pre-
vails in church affairs.

liltennur's. — A class was formed at this point very early.
Mr. George Ritenour joined the Methodists when a boy, in Vir-
ginia, and he settled on the Mississinewa before 1820. Preach-
ing began probably shortly after 1820. Class was held at his
house, and perhaps elsewhere in the neighborhood, for fifteen
years possibly. The log meeting-house, standing yet (1881) was
built about 1830. It has stood vacant many years, ever since
Deerfield Meeting-House was built.

Some of the members were George Ritenotir (exhorter), Will-
iam Odle, Caleb Odle.

When the Deerfield Class was formed, that absorbed the older
class and service, and Ritenour's he-same a thing of the past.

Ritenour's Class and Graveyard and Church were probably the
first of tho kind on the Mississinewa River. William Kennedy
and his wife used to ride on horseback through the forest by
blazed trails to Ritenour's to meeting.

Camp-meetings were held in that neighborhood, and John
Key, now residing east of Deerfield, says his father used to
move down to the camp-gi'ound for the meeting upon truck
wheels. In fact, that log church, now for a qufuier of a century
desolate, and still standing, grim and black, like some Old- World
ruin, was, in those old times, a famous place; and to hear the
sermons delivered in the power of the Spirit, to the eager, spell-
bound assemblies thronging within and around that once sacred
shrine, scores and hundreds of fervent worshipers flocked, for
miles and miles through the grand old woods, along the dim
blind trails, or with no track at all, on horseback or on foot, to
reach tho sanctuary and join in the shouts of praise and the
sacred hallelujahs that made the echoes ring.

Salem (on boundary line, near Swain's Hill). —John Gh'ubbs,
an em-ly pioneer, coming to Nettle Creek among the first, was in
olden days an enthusiastic Methodist and a wide-awake local
]>reacher, and he has done a great work in building up religions
society through this region.

A church was built for the Methodists at the Salem Burying-
Ground many years ago (1838). It was used a long time, but

IIISrORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

went down about 1855, and Concord Meeting-House was built,
not far from that time, and the new church became the place of
worship for the Methodists of that region, and for others as well.

The cemetery i;3 still used for pm-poses of interment, but the
meeting-house is a thing of tlie past, and not the slightest mark
or memento of its existence is to be found.

Some of the ancient members have been John Grubbs, still
living, eighty-eight years old, and sick and helpless, but strong
in spirit and rejoicing in Christian hope; Antony Johnson, very
old; Hicks K. Wright, died a few years ago. (John Grubbs
died triumphant a few days after our visit to his dwelling.)

Spartansburg. — Methodist preaching began in Greensfork
Township the earliest in the county. The first preaching was
by Rev. William Holman, of Louisville, Ky., at the house of
Ephraim Bowen, probably in 1815, and a meeting for worship
and exhortation was held at the same place by Stephen Williams,
local preacher, not very far from the same time. A class was
formed soon after, and jjreaching was held and class conducted
at Ephraim Bowon's, and at Squire Bowen's and James C. Bow-
en's for thirty years or more. About 1830, William McKim set-
tled at Spartanburg, and preachers from the Ohio Conference
established meetings at Mr. McKim' s. Some years later, about
1837, a meeting-house was built at Spartanburg, on a lot given
for the purpose by Mr. McKim, who laid out the town. This
house stood until 1857, when a new chiu-eh was erected by the
Methodists, which is occupied by them at the present time.

Some of the early preachers were Revs. Holman, Williams,
Lawrence, Beck, Hull, Bruce, John L. Smith, Richmond, Brad-
bury, Biu-ns, Swazy, Holliugsworth, Cooper, Wright, Sublett.
Some of the later preachers have been Newton, Thomas, Curtiss,
Bicknell, Cain.

Spartanburg and the region used to bo famous for religious
activity. At one time, the class was so large that the house
would be filled and two loaders would conduct class at the same
time on opposite sides of the room. Camp meetings were held,
and extensive revivals took place, bringing great num'oers to a
profession of Chi-ist.

Some of the early members were William McKim, William
Borders, CJhristophor Borders, William Locke, James Fiers,
Ephraim Bowen, James C. Bowen, Squire Bowen, William Dukes^
Stephen Dukes, Thomas Middleton, AVilliam A Macy, John
Bates, Chonoweth, etc., etc.

Some of the present members are Squire Bowen and wife,
James C. Bowen, Harlan Hunt and wife Julius Moore and wife,
Richard Bunch and wife, William Jackson and wife, and others.

A Sunday school is hold, consisting of from forty to sixty
pupils.

SfeubentuUe.—{Ihe Methodists built a church at Stoubenville
about 1845, but it was not finished, and was never dedicated to
religious purposes. The cemetery laid out with it is still used
to some extent.

Thornhimj Chapel (Stony Creek, north of Neflf Post Office).
— Preaching began in the neighborhood in 1840, by Rev. AVill
iam Bradbury. Meetings were held at Abram Clevinger's and
elsewhere— sometimes in the woods, again in an old store build-
ing put up by Jonathan Clevinger, then in an old log house on
the western part of William Hewitt's farm, etc. The church was
built in 1857, and it is standing yet.

About 1850 and onward, cump-meotings were held yearly fior
several years, and great power was manifested, and also great
results achieved, through the divine mercy. Rev. Morrison was
ore of those on the work in those days. The meetings were or-
derly and ii-inressive and convincing. They were continued
many days. People moved to the grounds and dwelt in tho tents
erected for the piu'|)ose daring the continuance of the meeting,
and gave up their souls to the power of the truth and to the en-
joyment of religion.

Some of the early preachers wore Messrs. Bradbury, Leech,
Smith, Stout, Morrison, etc.

Among the first members were Joseph Hewitt and wife, Ran-
dolph Smullen and wife, George A Carmian and wife, etc.

John A. Grubbs, Isaiah Rogers, Kerwood and William How-
ell often came and e.\ercised their gifts of exhortation among tho

people. The church ased to have grand and gracious seasons in
former days. The work has declined in later years.

Members now: William Hewitt and wife, Lindsay and wife,
G. A. Carmian and wife. Smith Smullen and wife, Margaret
Hewitt, Joseph Gilmore and wife, John T. Thornburg and wife,
Jacob B. Clevinger and wife, Milton Smullen and wife, Susan
Clevinger.

Sunday school is maintained, and the class is attached to
Trenton Circuit.

Union Chapel (west of Bloomfield). — Preaching began in this
neighborhood nearly sixty years ago, being held at Christian
Edmonds' and at Thomas Phillip's, who came in 1821. Rev.
John Strange, famous in the history of pioneer Methodism, was
among the first preachers. Rev. William Hunt also labored in

s 1830 o;

.r(1S8t)

this

There was first a log church, built an oarly a
A frame church was erected in 1862, and tbo pic
a now meeting house is in progress.

The circuit in early times used to be HuntsviUe, Economy,
Union Chapel, Bloomingport, Hopewell, Spartanburg, Mt. Zion
and Mt. Pleasant (old Snow Hill).

Christian Edmonds donated the lot for the church.

The members, some of them, were Christian Edmonds, Isaiah
Rogers, Hugh Botkiu, Peter Botkin, Jesse Cox, Joseph Rogers,
Daniel Worth and others.

Preachers — Messrs. Strange, Beck, Fairchild, Swank, Ansel
Beach, Moses Hall, Bruce, Hull, Smith, Caney, Biu'ns, Hunt,
Lank (senior and junior), Farnsworth, Kelso, Medsker, Morrison,
Meek, Mark, Smith, Barnes, Spellman, Strito, Phillips, Roberts,
Bowen, Canann, Pierce, Newton, Jamos Johnson, Rammel, Smith,
Anderson, Kerwood, Cain, Harbor, Huestis.

The present class numbers forty-five.

Union Citij. — It was organized by Rev. Colclazer, of the
Deerfield Circuit, in 1852, the first year of the existence of the
town. The first class were Henry Debolt, wife and sister, R. T.
Wheatly and wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Livengood (member still).
They were joined soon after by J. T. Farson and wife (local
preacher), S. L. Carter and wife (members still).

The first preaching place was Henry Debolt's house, then the
"Bee-Line Boarding Car," then Hawkins' warehouse, then Scan-
lan's Hall, then White's warehouse (which was burned).

In 1858-51), their first meoting-house was built, a neat, com-
modious brick, on Columbia, north of Oak.

In 1809-70, a large edifice was erected on the southwest cor-
ner of Oak and Plum, and carried so far as to be occupied for
worship. In 1880, the house was completed, at a total cost of
$18,000. Tho house is large and commodious, having the main
audience room in the second story, and the school room, class
rooms, etc , in the jaasement. The building externally makes no
pretensions • to architectural beauty, but the audience room is
tasteful and beautiful, and in all its appointments worthy of an
intelligent and cultivated people.

They have a neat two story frame parsonage near the church,
built in 1874.

Their preachers have been Revs. Colclazer, Newton, Stout,
Blake, Meudenhall, Templin, Rhodes, Sparks, Greenman, Simp-
son, Lynch, Barnos, Vigus and Meek, and now Greenman again.

Number of members, 843 (February, 1881).

First Board of Trustees— S, L. Carter, R. T. Wheatley, Henry
Debolt, C. Saxton, J. T. Farson.

The Trustees since 1870 have been R. Wiggs, R. S. Fisher,
W. T. Worthingion, B. Masslich, R. T. Johnson, J. S. Starbuck,
S. L. Carter, Simeon Dunn, J. M. Shank and J. M. Hartzell.
R. Wiggs has removed to Kansas, and R. S. Fisher is dead. B.
Masslich is Secretary of the board

Methodist Sunday school was organized in 1853, by Rev. J.
T. Farson, Superintendent. Pupils, twenty-five. Place, Bee-
Line Boarding Car. F. Maloy was Superintendent from 1857
to 1870; 1856, ten teachers, eighty pupils; 1860, twenty teach-
ers, 130 pupils. In 1871, J. S. Starbuck became Superintendent.
After him have been Messrs. Tansey, Doty and Mitchell. In
1S80, there were thirty-eight teachers and 278 pupils.

Tho church has a good organ and an efficient choir.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

There have been many awakenings and revivals connected
with the work of this church, some of them extensive and power-
fu], and a wholesome activity pervades the membership.

The Methodists commonly have large and attentive congre-
gations.

The occasion of the dedication of the completed church was
one of great interest (1880). The audience room was literally
"crammed" above and bolow. The sermon was preached by

Rev. Dr. , of Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, and

was highly spoken of as a powerful and scholarly effort.

The raising of the funds needed to complete payment for the
hoiiBo was interesting and almost dramatic.

In April, 1880, the Indiana Annual Conference was held at
Union City, comprising some four hundred members, lay and
clerical.

The sessions continued ten or twelve days with great and in-
creasing interest. Several powerful sermons were delivered, and
on the last Sabbath of the conference, a discourse by Bishop
Foster to an excessively crowded assembly was pronounced to be
the grandest sermon ever listened to in Union City.

Three most interesting and affecting occasions were witnessed
in the Methodist Church during the winter and spring of
1879-80: First, the dedication of Ihe church; second, the fun-
eral of Prof. G. F. Mead, Superintendent of Union City Schools,
who died after an illness of one week, February, 1880; sermon
by Rev. Meek, Pastor; third, the funeral of Robert S. Fisher,
who died after a week's illness; sermon by Rev. Meek, Pastor.

On all three of these occasions, the services were attended by
a densely crowded and deeply affected assembly. Especially
were the two funeral services intensely impressive, the commu-
nity having been deeply wrought upon by tLie solemn and mourn-
ful circumstances, and absorbed in intense sympathy for the
families and friends of the deceased.

A series of meetings was held during the winter of 1880-81,
lasting several weeks. A deeply interesting state of feeling re-
sulted, and the members were greatly quickened and strength-
ened, though but few apparent conversions took place. Some
prayer meetings for Sunday schools have been held in addition
to the usual and regular stated meetings, in which a deep inter-
est in that department of church work has been developed, and
good results in increased activity in the Sunday school will doubt-
less show itself in the future history of the congregation, and
the spiritual advantage of the rising generation will be great'y

As specimens of the growth of the church from year- to yeai-,
the number of probationers received at different fimes is given:
February, 1859, 121; December, 1860, 2-4; March, 1803, 17;
May, 1805, 21; February, 1807, 18; January, 1809, 20; January
and February, 1870, 44; January and February, 1871, 22; in
1872-74, 32; in 1875, 72; in 1876-77, 314; in 1878-80, 40.

Number of members between 1859 and 1801, 124; mimber of
members February, 1881, 355; number of probationers Febru-
ary, 1881, 43.

Local preachers in connection with the work have been J. T.
Farson, David Strallham, F. Maloy, G. W. Arnold, P. Y. Geb-
hart, C. ,L. Carter, B. tt Reed, H. Roitonour, M. L. Reynolds,
P. S. Stephens.

The Stewards at the present time are T. S. Johnson, Jacob
H.-iney, R. B. Castle, A. B. Cooper, J. F. Ruby, S. H. Dunn,
TLomas Mitchell, S. A. Foster.

The Claes-Leaders are Robert Pogue, William T. Worthing-
ton, H. H. Loievre, A. A. Hutchinson, William Pogue, Thomas
S;mpkins, H. S. Foster, William Locke, E. M. Tansey, J. S.
Starbuck, Morris Doty, Jane Crabbs, Laura Kelly, Mollie Pogue,
J. G. Harlan.

The church has paid, during 1879 and 1880, about $0,000
for church debt and improvemontB, and about I2(X) yearly for
benevolent operations.

From 1852 to 1859, Union City was simply a point upon Deer-
field Circuit, and the class had hard work to live, averaging, for
several years, seven members. In 1859, it was made a station,
with $100 missionary appropriation. It remained a missionary
station five or six years. Since about 1805, it has been self-sup-

porting, aud for several years it has been, as it still is, a strong
and vigorous society.

During the winter of 1881-82, a protracted meeting was held
of some six weeks or even longer. For nearly two weeks, it was
conducted by Rev. Harrison, sometimes called the " boy preacher,"
with some, though not remm-kable, results. In all, perhaps,
sixty or more persons were added ta the society.

Rev. Greenman, the present pastor, seems a faithful and vig-
orous worker, and the church is much strengthened by his ear-
nest label's for the cause of the Redeemer.

UnionspoH. — Methodist services have been held in the region
for many years. Elza Lank, Sr., held a series of meetings at
Unionsport years ago, and a strong revival was the resiilt.
Others also have preached in the neighborhood. The meeting-
house at Unionsport was built about 1808 or thereabout.

Some of the chief members of the society are, or have been,
John Lumi)kin, John Botkin, Mr. Cropper, Mr. Elliot, Stephen
Haines, etc., etc.

Vinegar Hill.—i/Li. Pleasant (Old Snow Hill) wiis transferred
to a schoolhouae southwest of W. A. W. Daly's residence, and
the preaching point is called Vinegar Hill.

About nineteen years ago, several stations were formed into
a mission, and Rev. George Jenkins was put upon the work.
The points were Spartanbm-g, Arba, Lynn, Bartonia, Mt. Zion
and Vinegar Hill. He continued the work dviring three years,
but in the second year the work became self-sustaining, and Vin-
egar Hill has been a point in the circuit ever since.

Some of the membere are James Barnes and wife, Jacob
Hinshaw and wife,. Meredith Hinsbaw and wife, Zimri Hinshaw
and wife, Absalom Hinshaw and wife, and others.

Windsor.— khovit 1830, Rev. Robert Bums, from Wayne
County, came to the regiou, preaching the Gospel. He estab-
lished a class at Abram Clevingor's.

Members have been (in early times), besides others, Randolph
Smullen and wife, William Moore and wife, Bezaleel Himt and
wife, Jonathan Fryer and wife.

Preaching was held at times at Fryer's, and at Hunt's also.

A hewed-log church was built at Windsor in 1839, and in
1859 a frame, which stands yet.

There have been as many as 140 members. The number now
is small. Some of them are Mrs. Odle and family, John Odlo,
Widow Odle, Armfield Thornburg and wife, Robert T>veedy and
wife, Fanny Wallace. Preacher a* the present time, Rev. Carey.

There is a Sunday school of thirty to fifty pupils.

lF(»c/i«ster. —Methodists established themselves very early
in the county, the fust servic«,s of that denomination being at the
house of Ephraim Bowen, near Ai-ba, about 1815.

How early they began to bold meetings at Winchester we
have no information. The records of their early operations in
that place have not been discovered.

The first written account at hand is that of a deed for a lot,
given in 1853, by George W. Monks. The date of the deed was
July 14, 1853, and the Trustees at that time were W. H. Fitz-
gerald, Jehiel Hull, John H. Cottom, William Allen, William
Gorsnch.

Winchester was made a station in 1859, and about that time
the church which is now standing was built, since it was dedi-
cated October 2, 1859, with appropriate services. The station
was attached to Mxmcio District, but for several years past it has
belonged to Richmond District, and all that time to North In-
diana Conference.

At first, and for a long time, the state of religion was low,
and the churches had but a feeble influence.

There have been, however, several seasons of revival power,
which brought in, at the timas of their occurrence, many souls to
the church, and the Methodists shared very largely in the revival
spirit.

At present, the interest in religion in connection with the
Methodist congregation is only moderate, the worldly spirit of the
time seeming to depress the jx)wer of godliness among the people.

The first quarterly meeting connected with Winchester as a
station was held June 4, 1859. The record of that meeting shows
as follows:

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

S. Lamb, Presiding Elder; John H. Peyton, Pastor in charge;
Missionary Committee, S. H. Lucas, Jehiel Hull, Charles Sexton,
William Kennedy, Elias Kizer.

Three Sunday schools were in operation — one at Winchester,
one at Mt Zion, the place of the other not known.

The report of 1801 states the numbers for the Sunday school
at Winchester at 225 pupils and twenty-five officers, and the
library at 500 volumes; and the Sunday school at Mt. Zion at
sixty pupils and ten officers, and 1(X) volumes in the library.

H. J. Meek was pa.stor in 1800.

S. Stout had charge in 1802, but, becoming Chaplain of the
Eighty-fourth Indiana, S. H. Khodes was assigned to his place.

In 1803, the meeting-house was valued as $4,000, and the
parsonage then in existence at $700. When that parsonage was
built we do not know. Another parsonage was built, which is
still standing.

In 1803, O. V. Lemon was Presiding Elder, and C. P. Wright
was pastor in 1804. In 1805, Benjamin Smith was Pastor.

In 1867, W. H. Goode was Presiding Elder, and M. H.
Mendenhall was pastor in charge. The church was valued at
$5,000, and the parsonage at $1,800.

In 1808. S. C. Miller was pastor in charge.

In 1801), M. Mahin was Presiding Elder, and M. A. Toague
was pastor in charge. In 1873, W. B. Kistler was pastor.

In 1874, E. Holdstock was Presiding Elder, and R. Tobey,
pastor.

In 1875, W. O. Pierce was ]iastxir, and a new parsonage was
built, at a cost of $1,310. In 1870, B. A Kemp was pastor.

In 1877, the official members were as follows:

Trustees— John W. Williamson, E. B. Reynolds, John W.
Diggs, Asa Teal, R. A. Leavell, W. A. W. Daly, John Bichai-d-
Bon, Aaahel Stone, Lee Ault.

Stewards— H. H. Neff, John Wright, Lee Ault, C. W. Diggs,
J. S. Fisher, Dennis Kelly, Augustus Engle, Jacob Henderson,
George A. Diggs.

In 1878, M. H. Mendenhall was Presiding Elder, and W. O.
Pierce, pastor.

In 1870, E. F. Hasty was Presiding Elder.

In 1880, P. Carlan was pastor in charge.

In 1881. Horace M. Herrick became pastor, and has charge
of the congregation at the present time.

Number of members on record at difierent dates: 1800, 147;
1809, 'M; 1870, 140; 1880, 147.

The Sunday school seems to have been in constant operation.

Some of the Superintendents have been James S. Ferris, E.
B. Reynolds, J. B. Routh, A. J. Neflf, C. W. Diggs and E. H.
Butler.

Doubtless others have been also in that position, but the rec-
ords are silent as to the fact.

Among the members of the church at different times have
been C. S. Goodrich, George W. Monks, S. M. Lucas, W. B.
Pierce, E. J. Putnam, Thomas J. Hull, C. A. Avery, John W.
W illiamson, John M. Lucas, R. Deem, J. C. Roberts, C. Saxton,
J. R. Brown, William Daugherty, A. J. Noflf, B. F. Diggs, Me-
lissa Diggs, Amanda M. Way, E. B. Reynolds, W. A, Thomson,
Elias Kizer, J. S. Fisher, Jesse Bates, R. A. Leavell, H H. NefiF,
John Richardson, J. B. Routh, John Thornburg, E. T. Chaffee,
Thomas C. Ivivingston, C. W. Diggs. E. H. Butler, W. F. Housor,
Edward Bates, W. A VV. Daly, R. D. Spellman, Jacob W. Hen-
der-^on, J. S. Ferris, F. A. Engle, J. W. Diggs, S. McClure. An-
diow Aker, H. W. Bowers, J. W. Jarnagin, Dennis Kelly, O. V.
Lemon, James Ennis.

It is presumed that the foregoing list conqirises only a small
number of the members. Doubtless there have been many others
equally worthy of mention.

Pastors have been Revs. Peyton, Meek, Stout, Rhodes, C. P.
Wright, Walker, Smith, Mendenhall, Miller, Teague, Kistler,
Tol)ey, Pierce, Kemp, Spellman. Carlan, Herrick.

Several superannuated preachers are now resident at Win-
chester, and are connected with the church there. Among these
are P. A. Hagermnn, O. V. Lemon, R. D. Spellman.

The operations of the Methodists in Winchester must have
begun much sooner than any date mentioned in the above state-

ment. Preaching services used to be held in the court house cer-
tainly before 1840, and perhaps as early as 1880, or even sooner
than that. No account, however, has yet been found of those
early religious efforts. Randolph County has been alive with
Methodism from the very start, and surely the county seat can
not have been neglected by their pioneer preachers.

During the winter of 1881^2, revival meetings were in
progress, in connection with the Methodist Episcopal Church in
Winchester, which seemed to have a salutary effect upon the com-
munity, and which resiilted in bringing a considerable number
into fellowship with the church.

This branch of the Christian Church has never flourished
much in Randolph County. Individual members have resided
therein, and sometimes efforts have been made to establish socie-
ties, but the members have always been too few to make a perma-
nent lodgment, and the persons would abandon the attempt and
generally fall in with some other church.

Robison Mclntyre, at Maxville; Mr. Jenkins, north of Buena
Vista, etc., are specimens of the fact stated, as also Heniy D.
Huffman, west of Winchester; Robert Murphy, south of Union
City; Benjamin Dixon, Wayne Township, near Salem; David
Wason (Ohio), Mrs. Williamson, State line, south of Union City,

Buena Visia. — A meeting-house was built some years after
the Pleasant Ridge Church was erected, but an attempt was made
to form a Congregational Church from the members of the Pres-
byterian Church. As a result of the effort, all failed, and tlie
meeting-house at Buena Vista has been for many years occupied
as a barn by Robert Starbuck, on whose land it is situated.

Pleanant Ridge (two miles south of Buena Vista). — Was
formed November 28, 1842, at a schoolhouse near Mr. Hogeland's,
one mile north of Huntsville, Ind. There were eighteen mem-
bers, as follows: Jacob B. Kepler and wife, John Starbuck and
wife, Cyrus Starbuck and wife, John Shearer and wife, James
Shearer and wife, John Jenkins and wife, Isaac Hogeland and
wife, Parker Jewett and wife, Joseph C. Kepler, Patience Smith.
Jacob B. Kepler, John Shearer, John Jenkins were chosen Ruling
Elders. Between 1842 and 1849 inclusive, twenty-six members
Were received, making a total of forty- four members. The church,
however, did not continue, but about 1852 it ceased to be active,
and has become wholly extinct A log meeting-house (very good
for the time) was built by the church at the beginning of their
existence, about 1842. A graveyard also was established, the first
burial in which was in 1842. The preachers at different times
were Revs. J. S. Brice, E. R. Johnson, I. N. Taylor, Thomas
Spencer and Andrew Loose. The house is yet standing, but has
long been used for secular purposes, being now occupied as a
carpenter shop.

SaUm (Wayne Township).— Not long after 1835, a New
School Presbyterian society was begun in the Gullett neighbor-
hood, south of Union City. Some of the members were Robert
Murphy, Benjamin Dixon, David Wasson (in Ohio), James Was-
son (in Ohio), Mrs. Williamson and others. The preacher who
had ministered to them died, and the society became extinct;
some of the members joined elsewhere. Mr. Murphy united with
the Protestant Methodists, Mr. Dixon with the Disciples, etc.
The society had no meeting-house, but held their services in a
schoolhouse.

Union City. — Was first organized in the house of Martin Cox,
Washington Township, Darke Co., Ohio, by Rev. Isaac Ogden,
Presiding Missionary, November 8, 1835, with six members.
The ministers have been Revs. Gulick, Ogden, Meeks, Campbell,
Drake, Lower, Eastman, Coulter, Ziegler. Mr. Drake was pastor
seven years, and received into the church 107 persons. The
greatest nimabor of additions in any one year (1851) was thirty-
eight. The chm'ch was changed to Union City in 1862. The
first meeting-hoiuse was a log building near Martin Cox's, now
used as a wood-house at Cox's Schoolhouse. One of Martin
Cox's sons preserves the puncheon door as an old-time relic.
The next house was what is now the German Reformed (brick)
Church at Hill Grove, Darke Co., Ohio. The first services in

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

159

Union City were held at the Methodist Chiu-ch. The greatest
number of members at any one time before the removal to Union
City was fifty^ seven. Six years after the removal, there wore
but forty. The greatest number at one time was 127. The
church built a meeting-house on Union street, south of Oak, in
1803, and occujued it till about Christmas, 1879, at which time
they dedicated their new tasteful and elegant edifice, on How-
ard, north of Oak; cost $1,200. Their present pastor is Rev.
William Coulter (1880). The congi-egation enjoys the services
of a small but excellent choir, with Miss Ella R. Ferguson, or-
ganist. The Elders have been C. AV. MoKee, ■ Hand, Levi

Reck, L. B. Pope, T. L. Steele, John Gettinger, Simon Hedrick,
James Wasson, W. D. Moore, James Hanlin, J. "W. Torronce,
lOavid Ferguson. Deacons, Simon Hedrick. Daniel Clapp,
Robert J. Clark, S. R. Bell, Charles S. Hook. Number of mem-
bers since organization, 175; number of members at present,
sixty-live. Sunday school was organized in 18G7, with Simon
Hedrick, Superintendent, continuing as such for several years.
Others, James Hanlin, M. C. Bemis, &c. Present Superintendent,
S. R. Bell. Number of teachers, twelve ; number of pupils, fifty to
seventy-five. The Presbyterian Church and congregation have
been less numerous than some others in the city, and have suffered
some serious trials in the course of years, but they are now united
in the support of a worthy pastor, who is leading them steadily
and faithfully onward in the work of their Master and Lord.
Mr. Coulter resigned his pastorship January. 1881, which left
the church destitute for the time. Rev. Ziegler was called to
the pastorship in the spring of 1881. He is a young but efficient
laborer, and the chui-ch and congregation appear pleased and
satisfied with his ministrations, and he is greatly acceptable to
the community at large.

Note.- Before the removal of the present society from Hill
Grove, Ohio, to Union City a New School Presbyterian organiza-
tion was attempted, in about 18G0 or 1861, holding their meet-
ings in Paxson's Hall. The members were few, and no regular
preaching was maintained. Occasional services were held for a
time, but the church did not continue long, but gave up to the
one which has been previously described.

Wincluisiei: — A New School Presbyterian Church was formed
there about 1S42 by Rev. J. G. Brice. Some of the chief mem-
bers were Samuel Ludy, James Brown, Esq., and Mr. Morrison.
They maintained services for twelve or fourteen years, and, in
1853, undertook the erection of a meeting-house, which, how-
aver, they could not finish. Their jweachers have been Revs.
Brice, Spencer and Loose. About 1854, an Old School Pre.sby-
.erian Church was formed. Some of the members were Dr.Craig,
Dr. Ferguson and others. There were some dozen members at
irst, and after a time the number had increased to forty. Sev-
mil of the New School members joined also. In 1S57, the new
)rganization bought the unfinished house, and, completing the
iame, used it for purposes of worship. The preachers were
VTessrs. Holliday, McCullock, Chapman and Campbell. This or-
ganization prosjiered reasonably for some years. About 18(55,
leveral prominent members removed — Dr. Ferguson, to Union
Hity; Judge Brown, to Minnesota, etc., and, in 1808. the church
.vas dissolved by direction of Presbytery, and their meeting-hoiise
oassed into the hands of the Disci])les' Church. In November,
188], a Presbyterian Church was organized at Winchester, and
irrangoments were made for regular services in connection there-
vith. The names of the members and the details of the action
poken of have not been furnished us. Religious services were
leld for some weeks during Fobraary, 1882. by Revs. Ziegler, of
Union City, and McCa.sIin, of Muncie. A good attendance took
)lace, but the results of the effort we are unable to state. They
naintain an active and flourishing Sunday school.

PROTESTANT METHODISTS.

Deerfekl. —This body of Christians has never been numer-
)U8 in Randolph County. About 1837 or 1838, they established
1 preaching ])lac6 at Charles Sumption's, north of the river, op-
losite Deertield, and maintained it for ten or twelve years.
There were but few, Charles Sumption and his family being the
ihief members. Rev. Elisha Barnett was the preacher, having

been previously an Episcopal Methodist. About 1850, Rev. Mr.
Young, a Protestant Methodist clergyman, was active and promi
nent through Randolph County, but no detailed statement of his
labors or of their results is at hand, and of him we can at pres-
ent say no more.

Hopeicell (southwest of Fairview). — The society was organ-
ized before 1845. The first preaching was by Rev. Jonathan
Flood at hiso\vn house, he being the pioneer of his denomination
in the region. The first chnrch was a frame, built about 1853.
The societ} was small. The principal members were John
Woodard and family, Jonathan Flood and family (wife and four
children), William McCracken, etc. There are now about sixty,
as also there is a Sunday school of sixty to seventy pupils.
Preachers, Messrs. Flood, Howly, Williams, Patty, Bodoll, Out-
kelt, William AVilliaras, Bateman, McCollum, Conn, Jones, Rich-
mond, Prim (present minister). There used to be a circuit, with
three points — Hopewell, Bear Creek (in a schoolhouse) and Deer-
field. Hopewell alone has survived. Some of the members are
Howell French and wife, John McCamish and wife, John Q.
French and wife, Samuel French and wife, Lorenzo Gantz, John
Demint, William Bailey and wife, William Mills and wife, Ma-
tilda French, Christopher James, William James and others.
Preaching occiu-s once in tlxree weeks.

Spartanburg. — Meetings have been held by this class of re-
ligious professors for some years jiast in Spartansburg and the
vicinity, in groves, in the Disciples' Church and perhaps else-
where. Some adherents to that body reside in the neighborhood,
though no society has been formed there and no church has been
built by them at that place. And, so far as the viriter is aware,
except the house at Union City, no plfice of worship belonging to
the Universalists exists in Randolph County, and the one at Union
City is not regularly occupied. Some persons holding to that
form of faith reside at Winchester, and presumably elsewhere in
the county. It is our impression that they have had at times a
Sunday school at Winchester, but none exists at the present time
so far as known.

Union City. — The first organization was had January {), 1800.
Trustees, Dr. J. N. Converse. Dr. D. French, Silas Coats; and a
lot for a church was deeded to the society by Hon. Jere Smith.
About 1 872, Dr. French having died, and Silas Coats gone to
Kansas, S. S. Converse and John Drake took their places. A
neat convenient church was built and furnished for $4,000. In
1S73, a parish was organized, and Rev. Elihu Moore became
pastor, with Sabbath school, etc. There is at present no pastor
and no stated religious services. An occasional meeting is some-
times held by a minister from some other place. March 25 and
20, 1882, Rev, L. J. Spencer, of Palestine, Ohio, preached for
the congregation three discourses — Immortality, Resurrection,
Death of the Soul.

UNITED BRETHREN.

Statistics. — The churches in Randolph partly belong to
AVhito River Conference and partly to an Ohio Conference.
White River Conference has two districts, viz., Dublin and Mar-
ion, and the two have seventy-nine ministers. Dublin District
has ten circuits and twenty- two classes. Marion District has
eleven circuits and twenty -three classes. Several of the churches
in the county belong to a conference in Ohio.

Cliurrhe« and Ministar.'i. — Churches, Antioch, Losantville;
Bethel, Greensfork, north of Clark's Schoolhouse; Emmettsville;
Liberty Chapel, north of Bloomingisort; Mt. Pleasant, southeast
of Spartanbiu-g; Jit Zion, northwest of Losantville; Saratoga,
Sparrow Creek, Union City (Ohio), White River Chapel, Nettle
Creek (Vardeman's), Zion, south of Steubenville. Ministers, G.
H. Byrd, Jennings, Jesse Barnes, J. D. Vardeman, George Mad-
dox, S. D. Warwick, Samuel Kerus, S. W. Keister (Union City,
Ohio) and may be others.

Antioch. — Had a meeting-house in the beginning near the
Antioch Burj'ing-Ground, just in the suburbs of Losantville;
that meeting-house ceased to be used about 1855, and the society
worshiped at a house west of Jordan Halsted's. About 1875, a
now society was formed in Losantville, and the society have met

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

in a public hall up to the present tim-j. The members of the
Antiooh congregation (some of them) are gi/en below: William
Johnson, William Snodgrass, Frank Burroughs, Isaac Medsker,
Elisha Hearty, Daniol Hearty, Daniel Medsker, James Hearty,
Wilkerson Gray, Jonathan Canada, Daniel Johnso", with their
wives. Preachers of Antioch and Mt. Zion, Cornelius Van Ars-
dal, Andrew McNees, Larkin Mullen, James Sisk, Moses Mc-
Daniel, William Terrell, Paul Jellison, Nathan Hollingsworth,
Elza Hollingsworth, Jonathan Gibson, L V. D. R. Johnson and
others. Albert Long is the preacher n<iw (1881).

Bethel Cliapel (north of Clark's Schoolhouse, in Greensfork
Township). — The United Brethren began preaching about thirty
five years ago by Rev. Caswell AVitt. A class was organized two
miles north of the present meeting-house, at Isaac Farmer's.
The meetings were held first at an old log schoolhouse, on the
comer of Mr. Shoemaker's place, for four or five years; then at
another a mile north, six or seven years; still again, at Hawn's
Schoolhouse, until the meetinghouse was built, which was done
in 18fi7. The first house was burned in 1878, and another one
was put up the same year. Some of the first members were Ezra
Cadwallader and wife, Philip Hill and wife, Samuel Moody and
wife, Betty Clevingor, Polly Kenworthy, Levi Kenworthy, Re-
becca Horner, Eli Thomas and wife, Robert Kinzie and wife.
Preachers, Messrs. Caswell Witt, Scott, Vardeman, William Witt,
William Ault, John Cranor, Amos Day, Manning Bailey, Wright,
Demunbren, Rusk, Small (present minister). There is a Simday
school of sixty to seventy pupils. The chief members now are
Philip Hill and wife, Rev. William H. Johnson and wife, John
Moody and wife, Thomas Moody and wife, John Roe Jennings
and wife, Samuel Jennings and wife, James Jennings and wife,
Jesse Barnes and wife, Jesse Parker and wife. At one time,
there were !•")() members. At one series of meetings, held by
Rev. Milton Wright, more than eighty joined at once. The
church now numbers from eighty to one hundred members.
Preaching services are held once in three weeks, one sermon each

EmmettsviUe. — The society began in ISfiO. The preachers
were David Gunkle and John Cranor, who formed the class.
The church was built in 18G3. There wore at first about fifty
members, some of whom were James Bailey, John Brooks, Isaac
Thornburg, William May, Hai-vey Jenkins, William Cole, John
Cole, Asaph Webb. The society gi-ew soon to over 10(1 members,
hut it is very small now. The preachers have been Messrs. Gun-
kle, Cranor, Evans, Bailey, Holcomb, Rector, Stover, Vickers,
Dougherty, Day, Mosher, Byrd, Hutson, Demunbren, Cook,
Hale, etc.

Liberty Chapel (north of Bloom ingport). —The United Breth-
ren used to hold services at Mi-. Bales' and elsewhere many years
ago. The old Liberty Chai)el was built perhaps as early as
1840. Some of the members were John Johnson, James Abshire,
Stacy Rinoar, Pleasant Bales, Jesse Mills and others. The old
house went down, and a new house was built by the Christians
(New Lights). The United Brethren have their headquarters
for that vicinity now at Bloomingport Several of the United
Brethren joined the New Lights — John Johnson, Pleasant Bales
and others of the Baleses. Some of the preachers were William
Kendrick and I. V. D. R. Johnson, who now preaches for the
Now Lights.

Liberty (north of Ridgeville). — The society first commenced
seivice in a cabin north of Ridgeville. The lot for the church
was deeded by Mr. Baker, and the meeting-house was built about
liS-jl). It has been out of use since I SOU. The members have
been Henry Tiizer, Joseph Bak«r, Joseph Butterworth, Charles
Class, Paul AV. Heniser, John Sackman, Adam Jack, Thomas J.
Phillips, with their wives, mostly, and others. Preachers,
Messrs. Conoughey, Johnson, Miller, Thomas, William Miller,
Samuel Holden, Heaston, Wilkerson, Hendrix, D. F. Thomas,
Johnson, McKoe, etc.

Mt. Pleasant (Pinhook). — Many years ago, the Disciples used
to preach at the schoolhouse in the neighborhood, but they
formed no society. In 180(3, the Friends set up a mission school,
which proved to be large and full of interest, numbering from
sixty to one hundred and twenty. The school was kept for three

seasons— 1860, 1807 and 1808. The third summer, a preacher
of the United Brethren Church held a meeting there and formed
a society of that order. Some of the members have been the
Moores, the Slicks, William Parker, Caleb Manning, Lovett
Mitchell, George Alexander, Joseph Alexander, John Jackson,
Philip Hill, Eli Mettler, Mr. Rankin, William Manning and
others. Preachers, Milo Bailey, Cranor, Byrd, Gronindyke, Jen-
nings, Small, etc. The society had rather died down, but Rev.
James Jennings, a local preacher, held a series of meetings dur-
ing the winter of 1S80-81, and revived their work there and is
their preacher at the present time. The Sabbath school is
active and flourishing. At first, the society worshiped in the
schoolhouse in District No. 1, but when the now brick school
dwelling was erected, the church bought the old school edifice,
and, enlarging it for their purjiose, made it into a meeting-
house, and it has from that time been devoted to use f or rel igions

A'eai- M. .Z/on.- -This denomination used to have religious
service and a society in the neighborhood of Mt. Zion, north of
Lynn, forty to forty-five years ago, at Mr. llalterman's and Mr.
Wheeler's, and, perhaps, Thomas Butts.' Several families who
belonged to that denomination resides in the region, among

whom were Thomas Butts, Ilalterman and his sons — Jacob,

Eli, etc., Wesley Wheeler, etc. There has been no class for
thirty years or more. Some of the preachers were Revs. Ault
(very famous), Norris, Kendrick and others.

Mt. Zion. — Was built about 1800. It stands west of Jordan
Halstead's, nearly north of Lo^antville, The members have been
Isaac Routh, Christian Leaky, John A. Snodgrass, Miles HoUiday,
Jonas Johnson, William Pool, Nathan Pool, Lyman Halstead, Wes-
ley Leaky, &c. This society is active and flourishing. For some
fifteen years the society at Mt. Zion included also those of Anti-
och (Lo.santville). But about 1875, two distinct classes were
formed and they so continue to this day. Preachers, see Antioch.

Saratoga. — Was formed about 1860; the church was built
in 1873, and the parsonage was erected in 1880, being a neat
and tasteful edifice. Among the fiirst members were Joseph Lol-
lar and wife, John Fraze and wife. William Fraze and wife.
The society has been and is somewhat flourishing, with preach-
ing once in two weeks and an active Sunday school. The preach-
ers have been Revs. Hendricks, Wagener, Shroup, Bennett, Cost,
etc. The present incumbent is Rev. Montgomery. Present
members, Charles Fields and wife, John Fraze and wife, Will-
iam Fraze and wife, Cynis Bowsman and wife, Wesley Bragg
and wife, Samuel Sipes and wife, James Evans and wife. Elisha
Lollar and Joseph Shiveling are Trustees. The present pastor
(1881 ) is Rev. Jacob Cost, and he preaches at four points —
Saratoga, White River Chapel, Otterbein (north of Deerfield)
and Prospect (in Jay County, between Pittsburg and Salem).
The pastor for 1882 is Rev. Montgomery.

Sparrow Creek. — They had preaching twelve years ago, first,
in Sparrow Creek Schoolhouse. Their meeting-house was built
ten years ago (1871), northeast of Buena Vista, being a neat and
comfortable frame edifice. Their members have been Jacob
Houser, Peter Lasly, Jesse Reynard, Leroy Starbuck, Elisha
Johnson, David Huston, John Brooks, Rector, etc. Preachers,
Milo Bailey, G. H. Byrd, Milton Harris, Benjamin Holcomb,
Cook, Demunbren, etc. They have no Sunday school.

Union City, Ohio side.— In 1801, a Christian (New Light)
Church was organized. The congregation flourished for a time
and a good meeting-house was built. A heavy debt was con-
tracted, however, and the house had to bo sold and the church
disbanded. A United Brethren Church was organized in 1S76,
and they purchased the house. They have since continued with
a good degree of activity and success to the present time. Bev.
J. W. Keister is their pastor, who seems to be an intelligent,
pious and devoted servant of Christ. He is heartily and thor-
oughly in sympathy and eifort with the temperance work and all
the other great Christian reform enteri)rises of the day, and the
people feel encouraged to renew their diligence in the service of
their Master. They carry on a flourishing and efficient Sunday
school. The United Brethren congregation is the only one on
the Ohio side. Many of the church members there belong to the

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

161

congregations worshiping on the Indiana side. Tlie population
on the Ohio side is ijrobably 1 ,500. A revival meeting was in prog-
ress during the winter of lSSO-81 for several weeks, with much
interest, and many conversions. Nearly fifty united with that
.society during the meetings, and tho church and its pastor are
greatly encouraged and strengthened (winter of ISSO-Sl). In
the summer of 1881, two events of importance occurred. First,
their annual conference held its sessions with that society, a
meeting of interest and great religious value. Second, the
church repaired and renewed the interior of their meeting-house,
which was redodicated in the latter part of the summer with im-
pressive ceremonies. .Altogether, the United Brethren Chm'ch
is doing a good and much-needed work in that town, maintain-
ing the standard of the Cross among that otherwise destitute
population. A still more active and successful revival meeting
was in progress for many weeks during the winter of 1881-82.
The congregations were large and enthusiastic, and a large num-
ber of converts have been added to the church, and a lively and
growing religious interest prevails among that people.

White River Chapel (near Vardeman's, Nettle Creek). — A
society was formed about 1865, and their church was built about
187'2. Their members have been Joshua Maddox, George Mad-
dox, Edmund Petro, Mrs. Gillum, James Bolin, John Vardeman,
St., John Vardeman, Jr., Henry Grubbs, Stephen Warwick, Ad-
dison Rhodehammel, etc. For several years, the United Breth-
ren held meetings in the old Concord Church, but each society
concluded it would be bast to have a house all to itself, and two
houses were built, a mile apart, the Methodist Church at the lo-
cation of " Old Concord," and the United Brethren a mile
east.

Zion (one mile south of Steubenville). — The society began
about 18G0. Preaching was held in the schoolhouse by Rev.
David Gunkle. The meeting-house was built in 1875. At first,
there were some twenty members. Tho present number is about
thirty-fivo. Some of them are, or have been, William Gray, Ed-
wiird Gray, Silas Gordon, Christian Size, James McProud, Con-
stant McProud, W. T. "Gray, S. S. Clark. Preachers, Messrs.
Gunkle, Cranor, Eector, Day, Rice, Demunbren, Cook, Hall, Bias.
The Sunday school numbers from twenty to thirty and preaching
occurs once in three weeks.

TRUE

This denomination arose in the United States chiefly
by a secession from the Methodist Episcopal Church, about
1842. The movement sprang from several causes — oppo-
sition to slavery, secret societies and Episcopal power. And
these three principals were declared in the new society, Anti-
Slavery, Anti-Secretism, Anti-Episcopacy. The movement sprang
rapidly through the country and became for a time strong and
vigorous. The denomination began in this region at Newport
(Fountain City), Wayne Co., Ind., in 1843, in the form of a
quarterly meeting held there by ministers and lay members who
wore ready for the movement. Among the members of that con-
vention were Rev. Ogden, from Troy, Ohio; Josiah Bell, Francis
Root, Wayne County, Ind. ; Daniel Worth, Stephen Moorman,
Randolph County, Ind. ; William Williams, Harvey Davis,
Grifiin Davis, John W. Johnson, Wayne County, Ind. ; John A.
Moorman, Walter Starbuck, George Vandeburg, Jonas Lykins,
James Clayton and wife, Seth W. Beverly, Randolph County,
Ind. As a result of that conference, tho denomination took its
rise in Randolph and Wayne Counties, and several classes were
formed. In Randolph County, at Sparrow Creek (Buena Vista),
at White Chapel, in West River Township, and at Clayton's,
five miles west of Winchester. An account of the White Chapel
class will be found elsewhere, which was a good strong church.
At Buena Vista, some of the leading members were Walter Star-
buck. George Vandeburg and Jonis Lykins. At Clayton's, were
James Clayton and wife, Seth W. Beverly, John A. Moorman
and Stephen Moorman. The preachers officiating at various
times have been John W. Johnson, John A. Moorman, Daniel
Worth, Mifflin Harker, Thomas Boucher, Jesse Pryor, Rev. Glad-
den, Alexander Haywood, Dr. Hiatt, Charles Clemens, William
R. J. Clemens, Aaron Worth, Coate and others. The societies.

except at White Chapel, were never strong, and they gradually
dwindled away. The members died, or moved away, or went
back to the Episcopal Methodists or Friends: or, in some cases,
they stand aloof from church membership to the present time.
In fact, most of the veterans of that anti-slavery conflict are no
longer among the living. Some of the younger soldiers in that
struggle still answer to the "roll call" of duty, but, as to the
elder heroes in that fierce contest, their arms wore long since
laid aside; their mortal frames rest sweetly in the friendly dust,
and their souls have gone to the mansions above. Their work
is done; victory is gained; slavery is fallen — " is fallen," amid
the happy shouts of an emancipated and enfranchised race. The
Wesleyan Church at Newport (Fountain City), Wayne County,
still exists, though much weakened in strength and numbers
since tho activity and power of that early time, when the battle
against human slavery and unchristian prejudice raged fiercely
throughout the land; but in Randolph County, the Wesleyan
society as a denomination has wholly ceased its activity. No
meetings have been held for perhaps ten or twelve years, at least
but very few, and the Wesleyan work in Randolph lives only in
the memory of the past.

Span-oiv Creek. — Began about 1843. The meetings wore
held at first in a log schoolhouse near Leroy Starbuck's, on the
Buena Vista pike, two miles east of that place. The building is
still standing. Afterward, they were held south of that, at
Shearer's Schoolhouse. The Wesleyaus never had a meeting-
house on Sparrow Creek. Preachers, Alexander Haywood, John
W. Johnt'on, Dr. Hiatt, Elijah Coat* and some others. Mem-
bers, Walter Starbuck, George Vandeburg, Jonas Lykins, Thomas
Johnson, Rufus K. Mills, John Mills, etc., etc. The society is
now nearly or quite extinct, having had no public services some-
times for months together, and none at all for some years.

White Chapel (totween Bloomingport and Economy). — Soon
after the formation of the American Wesleyan denomination,
about 1843, a class was established in the southern part of West
River, in the vicinity of Rev. Daniel Worth's, who had been a
Methodist Episcopal preacher, but who went with the Wesleyans.
Meetings were held for some ye:irs without a meetinghouse, but
White Chapel was built before 1852, and tho Wesleyans kept up
their services till say 1872. The society has now become entirely
extinct, and tlie house was sold and removed in 1880. The mem-
bers have been Daniel Worth, Macy Bunker, Owen Williams,
Aaron Worth, William Price, Henry Mullenix, William C. Mul-
lonix, Andrew Farquhar, Mahlon Farquhar, Clayton Stevenson.
The preachers have been Daniel Worth, John A. Moorman, John
W. Johnson, Alexander Haywood, Charles Clemens, Mr. Coate,
Dr. Hiatt, Mr. Gladden, Aaron Worth, etc. The society was, for
a time, lively and active, but it gradually lost its strength, and
finally fell into entire extinction.

The chmches are as follows, one of each : Methodist Episco-
pal, Rev. Greonman, pastor; Disciples, Rev. Sloan; Presbyterian,
Rev. Ziegler; Lutheran, Rev. A. G. H. Michaelis; United Breth-
ren (Ohio), Rev. S. W. Kcister; Roman Catholic, Rev. J. H.
Quinlan; Universalist, vacant.

Each of these congregations has a house of worship. The
Methodists and Disciples have large and costly ones; the others,
smaller and less expensive ones, but sufficient for their respect-
ive needs. Each congregation, except the Universalists, has
a resident pastor and regular weekly services and a Sabbath
school.

The Methodists, Lutherans, United Brethren and Roman
Catholics have each a parsonage. The inhabitants of the town
are largely religious, and most of the i)rincipal citizens are active
members of some religious society. The temperance sentiment
of the place (Imliana side) has always been very strong and ac-
tive; and, though many vigorous eflForts have been made to estab-
lish tho whisky business, those efforts thus far have always been
failures.

The various temperance organizations of the day have been
in operation from time to time- -Sons, Templ.u-s, Alliance, Cru-
sadei-3. Murphy societies, etc., etc. There is. now an Independ-

162

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ir a ball and holding

enfc Temperance Society in operation, bin
meetings several times a week (1880-81).

On the Ohio side, unhappily, the sentiment has been the
other way, and, though there exists over there a strong and vig-
orovis temperance feeling, it remains in the minority, and a large
number of drink-shops are allowed to squander the bard earnings
and desolate the homes of their unfortunate victims. The his-
tory of the various churches in Union City is given in the ap-
propriate place under each head.

Several clergymen are residents of the town besides the pas-
tors of the churches. The principal ones with the pastors aa-e
Rev. H. J. Meek, pastor M E. Chtirch, Oak street (gone) ; Rev.
C. G. Bartholomew, pastor of the Disciples' Church, North How-
ard street; Rev. W. M. Coulter, pastor Presbyterian Church,
North Howard street (gone); Rev. Michaelis, Lutheran, North
Plum street; Rev. Quinlin, Catholic, North Plum street; Rev.
Keister, United Brethren (Ohio side); Rev. Reynolds, Methodist
Episcopal; Rev. T. A. Brandon, Christian, North Howard street
(gone); Rev. Stephens, Methodist Episcopal, east side of town;
Rev. E. Tucker, Congregational, North Plum street; Rev, H. B.
Polly, Disciple; Rev.W.D. Stone, Disciple, West Oak; Rev. Sloan,
Disciple, North Plum (gone); Rev. Ridenour, Methodist, West Oak;
Rev. Carter, Methodist, North Union; Rev. J. T. Shaw, Disciple,
North Columbia; Rev. Vinson, Disciple, Ohio side; Rev. Vinson,
Disciple, West Oak; Rev. Oldlield, Methodist, North Howard;
Rev. Ziegler, Presbyterian, North Howard, Mr. Bell's.

Note — Several of the above have removed from the city.

Resident clergymen of Winchester are Revs. Herrick, Watts,
Ellis, Brown, Johnson, Beard, Lemon, Spellman, Launer and
perhaps others.

SPIRITUALISTS.

Unioiisport. — This people have held meetings at times at Mr.
Lamb's and at Josiah Mendenhall's. Some years ago, they held
two or thi'ee grove meetings on the lands of John Lewis, near
Uniousport. They have no settled organization at the place, but
several persons in the vicinity are inclined to that faith, and
think they have evidence that their friends who died years ago
have appeared to them in material form, have spoken and in other
ways proved their actual bodily existence. Spiritualism has
found some adherents in past years in Winchester, and probably
there are some of that way of thinking there at the present time;
but, so far as we are aware, no public services or other demon-
strations or exhibitions are now held in that town. M'hat the
condition of things may be in this respect there or in the county
at large at the present time we are not informed.

HOLINESS BAND.

Union City. — The " Holiness Work " commenced in Union
City under the labors of Rev. Mr. Lynch, pastor of the Meth-
odist Church, about ten years ago. Father Carter was the first
to enjoy the blessing, under the labors of Brother Lynch, during
the revival of 1870-71, and he continued to enjoy that blessing
and a sense of full acceptance and a perfect salvation till the
close of his long and useful and devoted life. He spoke of his
enjoyment of full salvation at every class-meeting, and showed
by his daily walk that he possessed what he professed. During
the summer of 1871, Brother Lynch, with about thirty of his
members, wont to Urbana Camp-meeting, he being anxious that
they should avail themselves of this opportunity of seeking the
blessing. About twenty of the members from Union City pro-
f "^sod to receive the baptism of perfect love at that place.
AVeekly meetings were held for six years in the promotion of
Holiness, but after that time the interest somewhat abated, and
the meetings were permitted to close and gave place to the Cot-
tage Prayer- meetings, held by the Young Men's Christian Asso-
ciation. Five years ago (1870), in the meetings conducted by
Rev, Mr, Vig-us, the work revived again and several professed to
receive the blessing, but no special meetings were held till 1878,
In the spring of that year, a young man by the name of Grouser
came to Union City, and held meetings for three or foiu' weeks
in the Methodist Episcopal and United Brethren Churches and
the surrounding country. His extreme doctrine seemed to cause
a division of sentiment among Christians to some extent. One i-e-

sultof hismeetings was the formation of a "Holiness Band," who
have held their separate meetings once or twice a week. The band
has numbered from twelve to twenty persons. During the sum-
mer season, they have held many meetings in the country, going
sometimes twenty miles for that purpose. At the j)re8ent time,
about sixty persons in Union City profess enjoyment of the bless-
ing of Holine.ss; and, on the whole, the work is on the advance.
Two camp-meetings have been held at Union City Fair Grounds
for the promotion of the cause, one by the Holiness Band, in
connection with the Warsaw Holiness Camp-Meeting Association,
and one by the Methodist Episcopal Church of Union City and the
association just named. 'The meetings took place in the summers
of 1879 and 1880. During the winter of 1880-81, a series of meet-
ings were held in Union City under the direction of the Holiness
Band, at the rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association,
continuing some two weeks. At the present time three meetings
are held weekly in this interest — Tuesday evening, at the Meth-
odist Episcopal Church; Friday evening, at the United Brethren
Chiu-ch, on the Ohio side, and one by the Band on Sabbath after-
noon. Some opposition has been developed in process of time,
both in the churches and outside of them, and the advocates of
Holiness have borne a measure of reproach and evil speaking on
account of their faith in this behalf; but grace has vouchsafed
them meekly and joyfully to endure reproach and persecution
for their faith in the grace of full salvation applied to their
souls. The doctrine of Holiness as held by them may be briefly
stated thus: There are two states of Christian experience — a
lower and a higher state. The first is commonly attained at con-
version, in which the soul is turned to God and set upon his
services; but the passions remain still with more or less jwwer to
tempt and distress and sometimes to lead astray the struggling soul.
The second is gained by prayer for and faith in this special
blessing; iuid in this second or higher state, the power of
temptation in the mind is wholly removed, and the soul is fully
saved from sin and enabled by the strength of divine grace to live
wholly free therefrom and in the full enjoyment of perfect love.
Some hold that the power of appetite and passion is wholly de-
stroyed; others seem not clear in their view upon this latter point.
With many the doctrine of Holiness exists as a firm and steadfast
and intelligent faith in the power of Christ to save them from pres-
ent sin and a humble and constant reliance upon and a trust in Him
for entire freedom from known and constant transgression, coup-
led with a deep conviction of their helplessness in themselves
and their need of entire dependence upon Christ for His indwell-
ing power constantly put forth to accomplish their full salvation
from the power and the fact of sin. In others, there would ap-
pear to be somewhat a fanaticism and a kind of imagination of
freedom from sin while yet it is clearly evident, to others, at
least, that the persons in question possess their full share of hu-
man infirmity, lx)th in the power of passion in their .souls and in
the actual yielding theretfj by them. In fact, some of the pro-
f«88ors of Holiness show that they are no better than other men.
The practice of such naturally brings the doctrine into disrepute.
A special doctrine of Holiness would seem to have been main-
tained of old in the Christian Church, notably by the Methodists
in the time of AVesley, and for many years after that day and
more or less down to Uie present time. The Methoditts as a so-
ciety, however, appeal- to have declined from their early faith
and practice in this respect. Among most professoi-s of religion
at present, the " Doctrine of Holiness " as hold by its special ad-
vocates is judged to be rather fanatical and somewhat injurious
to the influence of religious truth in the community. One thing,
however, must be admitted to be correct — that the faith of the
churches in the attainability of a high degi'ee of Christian purity
is far too weak, and that they need to awake to the great com-
mand, "Be ye holy, for I am holy."

YOUNG men's christian ASSOCIATION.

In the spring of 1874, a paper was circulated and signed by
twenty-two persons, residents of the city, containing a call for a
meeting for tlio formation of a Young Men's Christian Associa-
tion for Union City and vicinity. The meeting was held in May,
1874, and officers were chosen as follows: James F. Rubey,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

163

President; J. N. Hoover, Vice President; M. A. Harlan, Secre-
tary; Simon Hedrick, Treasurer; John S. Starbuck, Correspond-
ing Secretary; Bentlcy Masslick, Levi Keck, W. T. Worthington,
John C. Read, J. N. Galloway, Exocntive Committee. A consti-
tution was adopted, some of the features of which are given below:

PnEAMBi.E.— We, thesubscriliors. actuiited liy a desire to promote evan-
gelical religion ivniong the young men of Union'City and vicinity, and im-
pressed with the importance of forming an association in which we may
labor together for the great end projiosed, do hereby agree to adopt for our
governmenl the following constitution :

Name— Young Men's Christian Association of Union City.

Object — Salvation of young men through Jesus Christ, and the pro-
motion of evangelical religion.

1. Active, church members by the payment of $2 a year. Resident
pastors, free.

2. Associate, persons of good moral character, by pavment of f 2 an-
nually ; ladies, 50 cents.

3. Sustaining, persons as in " Second," by payment of ?r> atone time.

4. Life, by payment of .|20 at one time.

!). Honorary, elected by a two-thirds vote, having been proposed at a
previous meeting.

The association occupied a room at No. 88 Columbia street.
In June, 1874, Messrs. Hedrick, Starbuck and Rubey report attend-
ance upon a Young Men's Christian Association Convention at
Dayton, and state that they found an excellent spirit pervading
the assembly and great enthtisiasm in the prosecution of their
work. In December, 1874, a Young Men's Christian Association
Convention was held at Union City. Rev. L. J. Templiu was
appointed to deliver the welcoming address on the part of the
association, and the pastors of the ohm-ches wore invited to do
the same in behalf of their respective Eocieties.

December 22, 1S74, the city was districted and committees
appointed to canvass the town to get children and youth into the
Sunday schools.

December 29, 1874, it was decided to hold " Cottjige Prayer-
meetings," that is, meetings in private houses throughout the city.

May 3, 1875, Rev. L. J. Templin was appointed delegate to
the national convention at Richmond, Va., May 20, and Brethren
Worthington, Foster, Hedrick, Fisher, Masslich, Read and Star-
bnck delegates to the district convention at Richmond, Ind., on
the lyth and 10th instant

November 14, 187,"), "Week of Prayer" observed throughout
the city and at the reading-room, and a union Sabbath meeting
at the M. E. Church, November 21, 1875. Services as follows:

Sabbath, November 14- Reading-room, conducted by Fisher
and Wiggs.

Monday, November 15, ditto.

Tuesday, November 16— First Christian Chiu'ch, Union City,
Ohio, Gebhart and Worthington.

Wednesday, November 17 — Presbyterian Cbtirch, Starbuck
and Read.

Thursday. November 18 — Methodist Episcopal Church, Hed-
rick and Hanlin.

Friday, November 19— Friends' Church, Knight and Flee-

Saturday, November 20 — Disciples' Church.

Sabbath, November 21— Methodist Episcopal Church, Hed-
rick, Starbuck and Fisher, with meetings during the week at the
reading-room, at 8:30 A. M. and 0:30 P. M., for prayer.

The series of meetings was continued till Tuesday, December
14, 1875.

Moved to new room in Hartzell building in December, 1875.

July 1, 1870, Brethren Fisher and Starbuck were appointed
delegates to the International Convention at Toronto, Canada,
to be held July 12, 1876.

November 6, 1870, twenty-one meetings reported to have
been held during the summer and fall in the region, and much
good accomplished.

In the sjn-ing of 1877, James Moorman presented a lai-ge
brick building to the association.

November 12, 1877, report of work for the year shows as fol-
lows: Sabbath meetings held, 20; services, 188; members at-
tending, 370; accessions to the church, 50; cottage prayer-meet-
ings held, 111.

February 11,1 878, rejiort made that the course of lectures
by Prof. J. C. Fletcher iiad resulted in a debt on the association
of $11.25. The association met for the first time in their own
property.

December 10, 1878, reported forty-seven country and village
meetings, with good attendance and interest; thirty-five cottage
pr.iyer- meetings, twenty three Bible readings and twelve Murphy
meetings.

November 17, 1879, report of cottage prayer-meetings during
the year, eighteen. School in progress at Bennett's Schoolhouse
from April to September, with a good interest and an average
attendance of fifty. Other meetings reported, thu'ty.

November 23, 1880, report twenty cottage prayer-meetings
and twelve religious services elsewhere.

For several years, great activity was shown by the association
and much good was accomplished. The past .year, their work has
been mostly suspended, though the association still exists. They
own the building donated by James Moorman, estimated to be worth
$2,500, with a debt of $250. During a portion of the time. Sab-
bath Bible meetings for reading and study were held at the rooms
of the Young Men's Christian Association, but the Sabbath is so
fully taken with regular meetings in connection with the various
churches of the city, leaving little or no time for any outside
work that but few could be found who would attend the Bible
readings, and they were at length discontinued.

In November, 1881, the week of prayer was observed in Union
City by a union meeting, as follows: Presbyterian Church, Mon-
day and Wednesday evenings; United Brethi-en, Tuesday and
Friday evenings; Methodist, Thursday evening and Disciples'
Church, Saturday evening. Some interest was manifest and a
considerable attendance was obtained during the week at the
various houses of worship, though only a bare fraction of those
who should have taken part in this renewal of prayer and effort
for the souls of the young to bring them to regeneration and
salvation.

Below will be found biographies of a few persons out of the
many who have in days past been active leaders of religious sen-
timent, or earnest workers in the cause of Christ in the region.
They are given, not because they are the most important among
the noble band of Christian heroes whose lot has fallen in these
parts, but because these persons were especially accessible, or
because the facts concerning their life and work were within
reach. The denomination, as also the township to which they
resi)ectively belonged is pointed out with each statement.

Rev. Thomas Addington, Franklin, Christian,was born in 1829,
in AVayno County, Ind. His father moved to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1834, settling.one and a half miles southeast of Maxville.
Ho married Martha Ann Hughes in 1851. They resided on his
father's farm until 1805, and from that time mostly on Bear
Creek, in Franklin Township. They have had five children, all
living, and two married, and the oldest, Emerson, is also a
preacher. T. A. attended the common schools, as also the Union
Literary Institute, and Liber College in Jay County, Ind., and was
ordained a minister of the Christian denomination, sometimes
called New Lights, in 1S58. He is a talent«d, influential and
useful preacher, and his field of labor has extended through
Randolph, Jay, Blackford and Wells Counties, etc. Elder Ad-
dington gave us a brief statement of the society to which he be-
longs, which we subjoin.

Between 1792 and 1802, three separate bodies of Christians
arose in different and distant localities, entirely unknown to each
other, and from different sources.

In the East, from the Congregationalists and Baptists; in
the South from the Methodists, and in the West (Cane Ridge,
Ky.), from the Presbyterians. Their chief men were: In tile
East, Dr. Smith; in North Carolina, Elder Jones; in Kentucky,
Elders Stone, Purviance, Thompson, etc. By and by they be-
came acquainted, and united on this basis:

I. The Bible the only guide.

II. Christian character the only test of membership.

III. Christian the only name.

In 1 823, the followers of A. Campbell organized as Disciples,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and were early kuown as such; but Elder Barton W. Stone, in
the Christian branch, adopted Campbell's views, and took many
with him, and the name also; and since that time juany of the
Disciples claim the name Christian. The original Christians
claim, however, that the name " Christian " as a modem denom-
inational appellation, belongs rightfully to them, and not to the
Disciples.

Elder Addington has preached extensively and successfully
in the region in connection with the Christian (New Light)
Chm-ch. He is reckoned a prominent clergyman, and is doing
much good among the people to whom he preaches.

He is, in politics, a Republican, having in his early life been
an Abolitionist. One of his sons though a young man, is an or-
dained preacher in the Clu'istian Church, and gives high promise,
by Divine favor, of future usefulness in gathering the "Lord's
harvest" in the great world-field; and he has before him, if God
spare his life among men, the prospect of many years of labor
for Christ and human salvation.

Elder Thomas Addington is ready with the jjen as well as
fluent in speech, and he has contributed many valuable articles
to the press upon important .subjects pertaining to religion and

Uriah Ball, magistrate, Disciple, was born at Woodstock, Vt,,
in 1S07, and came to Warren County Ohio, in 1S17; went down
the Mississippi, spending time in Tennessee and Missouri; re-
turned through Kentucky to Warren County, Ohio, and remained
until 1S2U; then went to Cincinnati, and to Oxford, Ohio, in bS81;
and to Eaudoljih County, Ind., southeast of Winchester, in
Lsen-GO. He lived at Lynn in l.SOO-GT. and moved to Union
City in 1SG7. He married Susannah Wrench in 1830, and
Mrs. Elizabeth Bragg in 18G7. He has had four children,
all dying in infancy. Mi\ Ball served an apprenticeship as a
carpenter, and followed the business for twenty years. He was
also a faa'mer, and besides sold goods at Lynn seven years. At
Union City, he was a carpenter until too feeble to work (1877).

He was Justice of the Peace for Washington Township nine
years, from 1840 to 1851, and has been Justice in Union City
from 1878 to 1882. Ho has been a member of the Disciples'
Church for forty-four years, some of the time Elder, and also
Local Preacher for many yeai's.

Eev. C. G. Bartholomew, late pastor of Disciples, Union City,
was born in Brown County, Ohio, in a country log cabin, in
1S30. His removals have been as follows: Clennont County,
Ohio, 1850; Campbell County. Ky. , 1858; Leavenworth, Kan.,
]8()0; Jefferson College, Ky., 1801; Rockville, Parke Co., Ind.,
1803; La Porte County, Ind., 186',); Indianapolis, 187^; Kush
County, Ind., 1875; Wayne County, Ind., 1876; Irvington,
Indiana, 1877; Cambridge, Indiana, 1878; Union City, Ind., 1879.
His occupation has been teaching, preaching and medicine.
Teaching and preaching, ]8'48 to 1803; studying medicine, 1853
to 1854, and again in 1802 and 1803 in Cincinnati School of
Medicine and Surgery. He practiced medicine and preached,
and was engaged also for a time in secular pursuits. Since 1872,
his time has been devoted exclusively to preaching until a year
or two past.

Ho has been largely connected with evangelical and mission-
ary work in his denomination in Pennsylvania, New York, Illi-
nois, Michigan, Ohio and Kentucky. He has long been a life
director of the American Christian Missionary Society. Besides
regular pastoral work, his evangelist and missionary labors have
been abundant, and, by the Divine favor, many souls have been
led to profess Christ through hi.s means.

Mr. B. has a large and interesting family. In 1852, he mar-
ried Ann Davidson. They have had ton children, seven sons
and throe daughters; eight still living. None are married, and
seven are at home- -a lovely and happy group of youth, a joy to
the hearts of the loving parents, and giving high promise of ac-
tivity, usefulness and success in the matm'ity of manhood and
womanhood yet to come.

For some twenty years, Mr. B. has been a large contributor
to the current literature of the time, embracing an extensive range
of religious, political, .scientiiic and social subjects. In Kentucky,
during the war. he was steadfastly, openly and thoroughly Union;

and, though in no sense a partisan politician, he maintains firmly
sound morality as an integral part of tnie political science, hold'-
iug with the wise man that "righteousness exalteth a nation,
but sin is a reproach to any people." He has been from the
beginning to this day an earnest thorough, radical and en-
thusiast:c worker in the gi-eat cause of total abstinence, and it is
a part of his religion to abound in every good word and work.

Mr. Bartholomew has for some two years engaged in general
religious work, in the regions of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, etc.
Dm-ing the summer of 1880, he employed some months in "speak-
ing to his fellow-citizens upon political themes, in the interests
of the Republican party and the election of Gaifield to the Pres-
idency; and at the present time (April, 1882), he is a candidate
for the Republican nomination as State Senator from the joint
district composed of the counties of Randolph and Delaware,
seeking that position from an especial desire to further the in-
terests of the temperance cause in genei-al and of constitutional
prohibition in particular.

Elkanah Beard, Winchester, Friend, was born in Washing-
ton Township, Randolph County, Ind., in 1833, being the son
of William Board, and the grandson of Dr. Paul Beard, one of
the first pioneers of Washington Township. He married Irena
Johnson, daughter of Silas Johnson, and grand-daughter of
Jesse Johnson, another pioneer of that vicinity. She was born
in 1835, and they were married in 1852. Their rcBidnu'-o was
near Lynn Friends' Meeting-House, until 1873, at which time
they removed to Winchester, which they have reckoned to bo
their home for the past eight years. They have, however, spent
much time in other parts of the world. Both Elkauah and his
wife became recorded ministers among Friends somewhat early
in life; and in 1803, about a week after Vicksburg was taken by
the Union forces, Elkanah went there, and in the fall his wife
also joined in the work among the freedmen, set on foot by the
Society of Friends. In the course of time many schools were
established by them throughout the South, and Elkanah and his
wife had the oversight of those in Mississippi and Louisiana,
Those of which they had charge were at Vicksburg and Jackson,
Miss.. Beard's Levee, Papaw Island, Lauderdale, and Young's
Point, La.

They remained in the South much of the time, six years,
with Vicksburg as headquai"t«rs. In 1809, they came North,
and went to India as missionaries, spending a year at the Holy
the Ganges (Benares being to the Hindoo
to the descendants of Israel), establishing
at Jabulpoor, on the Nerbuddah River, in
Central India, a city of 80,000 inhabitants, and dwelling in that
town more than a year. Mrs. B.'s health failed, and they were
obliged to return to America, having spent more than three
years abroad. Mrs. B. had an abscess in the side, internally, and,
for two years and four months, was nearly helpless, being unable
to walk or dress herself. The physicians, both in India, and in
England where they stayed two months in the vain attempt to
eifect a cure, as also in America, pronounced her disease in-
curable. She lay thus helpless for years, apparantly a hopeless
case. Her mind, however, dwelt much and long on the precious
and abundant promises of Christ to his beloved ones; and it
seemed to her, and at length she felt sure, that there was ground
for faith that the Lord would, in answer to the "prayer of faith,"
grant her full deliverance.

They had been eighteen months in America, and were so-
journing at Richmond, Ind.. when, on the morning of the 10th
of January, 1874, she was healed instantly by faith in Christ.
She arose from hor bed that morning, dressed herself, walked a
mile and a half that day, and has been well and strong ever since.
Her husband and herself both declare she had not been able to
walk nor dress her.self during the wliole twenty-eight months;
but from that morning her abscess ceased and has not troubled
her to this hour. It was about the time of the " Crusade," and
she went oiit with the " praying women," kneeling in the snow,
and has ever since been active and healthy.

She says: " I felt that the promises were true, and that they
were mine; and I grasped the promise, and, as my faith took
hold (m Christ, I felt the healing power thrill through my frame

City of Ben.aros,
what Jerusalem
at length a

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

as sharply as I ever felt anything, and I knew that I was well;
and I sprang from my bed in an ecstacy of bliss, and. if ever a
soul rejoiced and praised the Lord, I was that soul."

Mre. B. has no theory, and offers no explanation; but she
says, like the man born blind who was healed by the Savior,
" One thing I know, whereas I was for twenty-eight monihs a
helpless invalid, I arose at once healed and sound, and have
been so from that day to this houi'. "

The mission begun by them in India has been maintained,
its location being changed, however, from Jabulpoor toHo-shun-
go-bad, also on the Nerbuddah River. They had two schools, and
Mrs. B. spent some time in " zenana " visiting. The " zenana " is
the portion of the dwelling set apart for females, into which no
male person, except, perhaps, the lord of the mansion, is ever
permitted to enter. Very few were open even to female visits,
but some were so, and these Mrs. B. visited. Her school con-
tained about forty "high caste" girls, from ten to fifteen years
old, many of whom were already married, marriage at ten
years being not at all uncommon. The pupils were taught Hindoo
literature, as also they received moral and religious instniotion.

The girls were ' ' hired " to attend school, the compensation
being, however, very small, according to our idea of values; ^ to
I a cent a day was all they were paid, which sum, even the small-
est of the two named, was, nevertheless, enough to buy a pupil
her dinner. Some of these girls, though of high caste, were
poor, and lived at very small cost. The work of Elkanah
was with the people at large, especially with the students
of King's College, a Hindoo school of high rank, containing
from twelve hundred to fifteen hundred young men of high
promise. Many of these, as also others, were daily visitors at
his house, to whom he gave religious instruction. He also made
frequent visits to the temples and elsewhere, reading and speak-
ing to the thronging crowds in those places. One part of their
work was to teach to speak and read English, to prepare the
young men for Government employ, and through them access
was obtained to families in many cases.

The girls are exceedingly shy of men, and they must never
be seen by the male sex. One day Elkanah came to the door
and knocked and spoke. In a twinkling, every pupil had disap-
peared, in the utmost consternation.

They spent several months at first, part of the time in Lon-
don, England, and part in Benares, in acquiring the Hindoo
language. There are two kinds, the Hindoo, or common sj)eech,
and the Urdu [oor doo] or court language. Mi's. B. letirned the
Hindoo, and Mr. B. the Ur-du, so that between the two they had
both.

After nearly three years' stay abroad, they returned to
.America and to Lynn; and in 1873, Winchester was made their
home. Since that time several years have been spent by them in
missionary work among the Western Indians, beginning in 1877.

Before this, however, and the year after Mrs. B.'s wonderful
recovery, they made a religious visit to California and Oregon,
spending six months in that labor, visiting the scattered members
of the Society of Friends in those distant regions, holding meet-
ings, preaching, etc.

They joined Rev. E. P. Hammond in his revival work in
that country, being engaged eight weeks in meetings in San
Francisco, Sacramento, and in Portland, Ore.

On the way down the coast from San Francisco to San Ber-
nardino, April 20, 1875, when about one hundred and twenty-five
miles from San Francisco, the steamer ran into a deep fog and
was wrecked upon the rocks almost in a moment, there being
eight feet of water in the hold when the passengers wore roused
from their beds to face the terrible danger. The Captain was
drinking and fooling away his time in the cabin, having given
peremptory orders for the ship's course against the remonstrances
of the pilot that they were too near the shore. The passengers
escaped mostly in their night clothes, everything being lost.
The wreck occurred about 8 P. M., and Mr. B. reached the shore
about 1 A. M.. but his wife, being in another boat, was on the
waves all night, and. until 11 o'clock the next day. He thought
her lost. Even the Captain said, "No hope; the lifeboat can-
not live in such a sea." But it did, and they mot once more.

and praised the Lord for all his mercies, and for that their
crowning deliverance. No lives wore lost, though 200 persons
were on board the doomed vessel; but the ship and its cargo
were a total loss.

In 1877, they began work among the Western Indians, spend-
ing two summers in traveling through the Indian Territory and
elsewhere, in visiting the tribes and engaging in religious work
among them. Two years also, they kept house in the "' Territory,"
the last year of which was among the Arapahoes and Cheyennes,
who are " Blanket Indians," i. e., comparatively wild and living in
tents. Many tribes were visited and labored with with gratify-

The ModooH, wild and fierce as thoy were among the lava
beds, are tractable and quiet, gentle, tender hearted and ami-
able, and very docile. The Apaches and the Camanches also
were visited, and some time was spent among them.

The lives of these Friends from 180:5 to the present time
have been indeed remarkable in labor for the poor and the dark-
minded; and their Christian efforts among the Freodmen, among
the heathen of India, and the Western aboriginal tribes, and on
the Pacific coast, as also through the Eastern States and the re-
gions nearer home, have been crowned with a measure of success
for which they devoutly thank the blessed Master and Head of
the church that He has counted them worthy to bear and suffer
for His dear name.

They have been engaged in religious work in Ohio and In-
diana, as also in the- East, visiting Now York, Boston and else-

Elkanah and his wife feel thankful, moreover, that they have
been instruments in 3od's hands in reviving the ancient activity
and religious life among Friends, feeling certain as they do that
the present revival among them is simply a return to the ' ' old
paths" of 250 years ago, when their ancestors in faith were led
to wait on the Spirit and work in love and praise the Lord in
gladness of heart. Mr. Beard thinks he was the first in later
days to go forth and hold meetings for religious awakening with
other branches of Christ's people. He joined with Rev. Elijah
Coate a Wesley an preacher, at Economy, Ind., in a series of
meetings, which was richly owned and blessed by the presence
and power of the gracious Lord to awaken sinners and to com
fort and enlighten and strengthen saints.

In the fall of 1881, Elkanah and his wife set out anew in
religious journeying through the land, expecting, if the Lord
will, to spend several months in the work among churches of
Christ in various regions of the country.

JohnH. Bond, son of Josej>h Bond, Anti-Slavery friends, was
born in North Carolina in 1807; came with his parents to Wayne
County, Ind,, in 1811; married Mary Hockett in 1828; moved
to Stony Creek, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1831, and resides on the
same place still. They have had nine childi-on, and eight are
living, all married. His house is at the mouth of Cabin Creek,
near the Winchester and Windsor pike. Ho is a farmer and
miller; is a Friend; was an Abolitionist and an Anti-slavery
Friend, and is a Republican. He and his worthy lady are kind
and gentle in spirit, meek and lowly in temper, modest in de-
meanor, and steadfast and consistent Christians. They were
very active and prominent in the ojjerations of the Underground
Railroad, of those old times, his house being one of the stations
on the branch passing up Cabin Creek toward Jonesboro and
elsewhere. Mr. B. was one of the charter Trustees of the Union
Literary Institute, a school established in Greenville settlement,
northeast of Spartansburg, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1845, for the
education of colored and other indigent youth, and continued a
member of the board for more than thirty year . He was an
earnest and faithful advocate of Anti-slavery truth when such ad-
vocacy was unpopular and dangerous; but he has lived to behold
his views of truth triumph, and those whom for years he used
to lodge clandestinely, coming to his house in the night and go
ing in the night, conveyed thi'ongh the land under cover of dark-
ness, and helped to flee in secrecy and peril from point to point
as though they had lieen felons while yet justly chargeable with
no crime, but only "guilty of a skin not colored like our own,"
he has seen to rise to light and freedom, and to equal manhood

166

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and citizenship in the " land of the free and the home of the
brave."

Rev. T. A. Brandon, Union City, Christian, was born in
1823, in Darke County, Ohio. His parents moved to Miami
County, Ohio, in 1831, and returned again to Darke County,
Ohio, "in LS.Sil. He was converted July 25, 1840, and bef:;an to
preach in 1843. Hii ordination as a Christian (New Light)
minister took place in 1845, and he has been preaching ever since
— thirty-seven years. His appointments and residences have been
these: Darke County, Ohio, and Jay County, Ind., 1846; Preble
County, Ohio, 1845 to 1853; Mt Healthy, Ohio, 1853, to 1856;
Marion, Lnd., 1857 to 1859; Dearborn County, Ind., 1860 to
1861; Hamilton County, Ohio, 1861 to 1863; Warren County,
Ohio, 1864 to 1866: Miami County, Ohio, 1807; Yellow Springs,
Ohio. 1867 to 1808; Pickaway County, Ohio, 180U to 1870;
Bellefontaine, Ohio, 1871 to 1875; Union City, Ohio and In-
diana, 1875 to 1881. His work while residing in Union City
was general, laborious and extensiva He married Susan
McCullough in 1851. They have had four children, all living.
In Gospel labor, Kev. Brandon has been enabled by grace to be
abundant, and the Lord has granted him the privilege of wit-
nessing much fruit from the seed sown by his hand. During
thirty- seven years, he has preached 7,000 sermons, baptized 1,-
200 persons, and received into church fellowship between three
and four thousand souls, and has married about one thousand
two hundred couples. He vowed at the outset to know only
"Christ and Him crueitied," and God has given him strength to
keep the vow. He is yet blowing the Gospel trumpet, and the
good Lord is still giving him souls for his hire, and honoring the
word proclaimed through his feeble lips.

The Christian denomination numbers about one hundred
thousand, chiefly in New England, and the Northern, Middle and
Western States, several hundred ministers, and not quite so many
churches as ministers.

They published the first religious paper in the world, in
1808, the Herald of Oospel Liberty, which is ])ublished yet.

The Christian Church sprang about the same time from three
distinct and independent sources— New England, the Ba))tists,
Dr. Smith; North Carolina, the Methodists, Elder Jones; Ken-
tucky, the Presbyterians, Elders B W. Stone, Purviance, Thomp-
son, etc. The great Cane Ridge revival, among the Presbyterians
in Kentucky, about 1800, was greatly famous in those days, and
the world has scarcely ever known its equal, and its effects remain
extensively to this day. In November, 1881, Rev. Brandon re-
moved to Lebanon, Ohio, as the pastor ol the Christian Church
at that place.

Thomas Butts, White River, was born in 1778; came to
White River, near Mt. Zion, Randolph County, in 1824, and
married Elizabeth Surface, and after her death he married again.
He died many years ago, having been the father of eight chil-
dren. He entered land at first, and at his death owned 240

Rev. Nathan T. Butts, White River. Methodist, was born in
1838, in Randolph County, Ind. , and married Louisa Macy in
1858. His wife dying, he married again. He has six children,
and lives on his father's homestead. He has been a teacher
fourteen years, and is now a clergyman and a farmer.

He has represented Randolph County in the Indiana House
of Representatives, and was a candidate for Senator, coming
near .succcess. Mr B. is a man of intelligence and influence.
When in the Legislature, he was Chairman of the Committee on
Temperance. He was in part author and framor of the famous
bill sometimes called the "Baxter bill," and less frequently, but
more properly, the Butts-Baxter bill, or the Baxter-Butts bill.
The facts, stated somewhat briefly, are these:

Mr. Butts, after his election and before the asijembling of
the Legislature, had prepared a bill intended to prohibit the
sale of intoxicating liquors, and to make the liquor seller, as al-
so the owner of the building, responsible for damage done by the
sale. Mr. Baxter presented one having as its princip;il feature
local option, so-called, in some form. Half a dozen bills in all,
probably, were brought forward. The whole subject aud the
bills were referred to a Committee, of which Mr. Butts was

Chairman. A sub-committee was appointed, of which Messrs.
Baxter and Butts were members; and, by this sub-committee,
chiefly by the two gentlemen named, a new bill was framed,
combining various features of the other bills; and this new draft
was submitted to Messrs. Baker, Harrison, Mellett, Barber and
Jacobs, and perhaps others; and after additions and changes to
suit their suggestions, the paper thus prepared was presented to
the House of Representatives by Chairman Butts November 13.
1872, at the special session. Only one speech was made against
the bill, viz., by Mr. Schmuck, and one in its favor, to wit, by
Mr. Butts. Several amendments were presented, all by Mr.
Butts, to perfect the bill and bring all friends of temperance to
its support, and it passed both Houses, and became a law by the
approval of Gov. Hendricks, February 27, 1873.

There is a fact of interest connected with his signing the bill,
to wit: He was taken seriously ill, so much so that he entertained
doubts of his own recovery. Hit; anxiety for the success of the
measure was so strong that he required the act to be brought to
his sick room, and he signed it in bed. The vole on the passage
stood (in the House), fifty-five to twenty-six. Ayes, forty-four
Republicans, eleven Democrats; Noes, six Republicans, twenty
Democrats.

Some points in the law were declared unconstitutional by
the Supreme Court, and it was repealed by the next Legislature.
The Indiana Supreme Court has been famous, by the way, for
killing measures of public utility. Many years ago it nearly
destroyed the public school system by a characteristic decision,
then this temperance law, and lastly the constitutional amend-
ments, voted on in the spring of 1880 and having majorities in
their favor (of those voting upon them) of from fifteen to forty-
nine thousand.

The ground of the adverse decision in this last case is some-
what difficult to state. The vote was taken on the same day
with the spring township elections (April, 1880), and the ma-
jority of the court seemed to hold that it could not be known
that the number voting in favor of the amendments, any or all
of thenx, was a majori^ of the voters present for any purpose on
that day. At another time, the same Supreme Court is under-
stood to have held that they could not know judicially that a
pint is less than a quart; and that the averment that liquor was
sold by the pint was not equivalent to saying that it was sold in
less quantity than a quart.

Rev. William Coulter, pastor of the Presbyterian Church,
Union City, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1844, and
moved to Defiance County, Ohio, in 1853, and enlisted in the
fall of 1802; but, being young and young looking, was refused.
He did enlist, however, in the Twenty-first Ohio, in the spring
of 1864. The regiment was in the Army of the Cumberland; was
at Chattanooga, and through the Atlanta campaign; was wounded
in the arm in a skirmish on the Chattahoochie, and sent to the
hospital for six weeks; went through to Savannah and to Rich-
mond with Sherman, and was discharged (mustered out), in July,
1805. He attended the Wesleyan (Delaware) University until
1808, teaching also; was licensed as a Methodist in 1808; took
Deacon's orders in 1870, Elder's orders in 1872, and in 1873, joined
the Presbytery. He accepted a call from BrookljTi, Mich., in
1874, and came to Union City in 1877.

Mr. C. manned Kate Rosenstool in Indiana County, Penn.,
in 1809. They have four children. Mr. C. is, as to talent,
solid rather than brilliant, cjuiet in manner and method, yet deep
and sound in thought, and discreet in counsel and in action.
Though comparatively young in years and ■ in the ministerial
work, he is decidedly a " growing man," and worthy of the con-
fidence and support of his people. On the first Sabbath in Jan-
uary, 1881, by the reluctant consent of his congregation, he re-
signed his pastorship, and the church was for a time without
a leader, and he without a charge. The society is comparatively
weak in numbers, and they are scarcely able to render a suitable
pastor an adecjuate support. Their financial burden as a con-
gregation has been made heavier than heretofore by the purchase
of a more commodious lot, and the erection of a tasteful, not to
say elegant, place of worship. It is to be hoped that the sever-
ance of the pastoral tie between Mr C. and his people hero will

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

167

not work a serious disadvantage to either party, thoucrh it is in-
deed a fact that good pastors and eligible situations are more
easily sought than found. Mr Coulter has removed to a pas-
toral work in Michigan, suffering, however, a deep affliction in
the sickness and death of their oldest daughter, a lovely child,
and one most dear to the hearts of the stricken parents, who was
taken sick just as they wore ready to remove to their now field of
labor, and they remained only to see her close her eyes on earth,
and to deposit her lifeless corpse in the cold and solemn tomb.

Rev. Bela W. Cropper, West River, Baptist, was born in Ken-
tucky in 1791; married Elizabeth Ashby in 1814; came to War-
ren County, Ohio, in 1828, and to Randolph County, lud., in
1833. They had foiu-teen children, six of whom are now living.
He was a farmer, living one and a half miles northwest of Hunts-
ville, and died in 1874, eighty-three years old. He was a member
of the Baptist Church, officiating also as a preacher among them.

Isrum H. Engle, Union City, Ind., Methodist, was bom in
Baltimore County, Md., in 179*), His father w.is a Revolution-
ary soldier. Mr. Engle states as follows: "My father died
when I was but seven years of age, in 1S03, and in 1809, my
mother bound me out for seven years, and my master took
me to Clermont County, Ohio. I was to have bad six months'
schooling, but I got none. I went to school after I was free,
one month. I got married, and that put a stop to school going.
My wife had learning, and she taught me some. Her name was
Rhoda Clough, and we were married in 1821, at Mr. Carey's,
father of Sam Carey, and of Phebe and Alice Carey, College Hill,
Ohio. My wife was born in 1800." They lived at College Hill
three years, and eleven years at Cincinnati; they moved to Jay
County, Ind., in 1838, and to Union City in 1805, and to Jay
County again, to reside with his children, in the fall of 1881.
He was in his younger days very active and vigorous, stat-
ing that he has sawed, handled and thrown into a cellar, ten
cords of wood in twelve hours. His wife, iVLrs. Rhoda Ingle,
died in May, 1882, aged eighty-two years.

Rev. J. T. Farson, late of Union City, Methodist, was born
in the District of Columbia in 1820, being the eldest of a large
family. His father moved to Coshocton County. Ohio, where he
grew up, and married in 1844. His wife's name was Harriet C.
Page, and she was brought up in Knox County, Ohio.

Mr. Farson came to Union City in 1852, and moved to Urbana,
111., in the fall of 1801. He died at Champaign. 111., near
Urbana, in December, 1S09, being killed by an accident, A
team of horses that he was driving ran away, and he was thrown
across the railroad track, receiving from the fall a fatal wound.
He was the father of eleven children, eight of whom are now
living, and two are married. Three daughters are teaching in
the public schools of Chicago, where they reside with their
widowed mother. One, Lucia, married Bently Masslich, and
has three children, residing at Union City. Another,
Amanda O. Webber, resides at Urbana, 111. One son, John, is
an attorney at law in Chicago. Mr. F. learned the wagon and
carriage business, and followed it while at Union City, being in
partnership a part of the time with William T. Worthington.
At Urbana, he was a druggist, and at Champaign a dry goods
merchant. He became a resident of Union City almost at its
earliest settlement, in 1852. He lived at first in a log house,
near Hon. N. Cadwallader's mansion, and afterward built a
dwelling on the present site of the Commercial Bank. The house
was afterward removed, and is yet standing on the east side of
Howard, the third south of Oak. He had been a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church from his youth, and united with
that society in Union City in the summer of 1852. Soon after-
ward he was licensed as a local preacher, and served the church
in that capacity during the rest of his life. He was Superin-
tendent of the first Sunday school in Union City, and ho also
taught one of the earliest day schools in the place. Mr. F. was
an active Abolitionist, an enthusiastic Republican, and an earn-
est, warm-hearted Christian. He served for awhile as Town-
ship Trustee of Wayne Township. In every department of
moral and religious activity his influence was strong and lively,
and his labors became in every worthy enterprise a power for

Rev. Almon Greenman, Union City, was born in Summit
County, Ohio, December 12, 1826. In 1830, his father moved to
Northeastern Indiana, and settled where the town of Kendallville
now is. The country was then a wilderness, most of the inhabi-
tants being Indians of the Pottawatomie tribe. His opportuni-
ties for early education wore only such as the log schoolhouse
furnished. These were as faithfully improved as the necessity
of helping to clear uj) a farm in the woods would allow. He
was converted and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church
in 1844; was licensed to preach in 1840, and, since the autumn
of 1850, has been a member of the North Indiana Conference,
except two years spent in the St. Louis Conference and stationed
in the city of Springfield, Mo. His fields of labor in Indiana
have been as follows: Allen and Ossian Circuits, in Allen County;
Allisonville Circuit, in Marion County; Dublin Circuit, in
Wayne County; New Castle, Richmond, Anderson, Muncie, Lo-
gansport, Peru, Marion, Huntington, Fort Wayne, La Grange
and Union City; also four years as Presiding Elder in Goshen
District. He was one of the four clerical delegates to the General
Conference in Cincinnati in 1880. Not quite a yeai- was spent
in Indiana Asbury University, when Dr. Simpson, now Bishop,
was its President What little education he has obtained was
mostly gained amid the hardships and poverty of frontier life.
As may be seen from the above life sketch, Rev. Greenman has
risen to be among the leading men of the Methodist clergy. He
is now pastor of the M. E. Church at Union City, Ind., which is
a large and influential society, numbering several hundred mem-
bers. He is now upon his second year of his pastorate with that
congregation and the work of the Lord is evidently i^rospering
in his hands.

John Grixbbs, Nettle Creek, Methodist, emigrated from Vir-
ginia to Ohio, and afterward to Nettle Creek Township, Ran-
dolph County, in 1835. He has been an active, zealous Meth-
odist, a local preacher of that cburch, and faithful in his labora
for Christ. He is now eighty-eight years of age, and has been
for years feeble and sometimes severely sick. Upon a visit to
his humble dwelling, August, 1S81, he was found stretched upon
his bed, gasping for breath, almost speechless and suffering great
distress. At the name of Christ and the mention of Heaven,
however, his aged soul revived, and he was well-nigh " shouting
happy;" and, in broken accents, he tried to tell how near he was
to " heavenly glor^'.-' He has been twice married, and his second
wife, herself an aged matron of aeventy-seven years, was patient-
ly caring for her afflicted husband, and earnestly striving, though
mostly in vain, to assuage his woes. His home is some two
miles nearly east of Losantville. [A few days aftor the inter-
view described above, he did indeed "go shouting home."
His ]xior old body lies moldering in the grave, but his happy
soul is at rest in the Kingdom].

Rev. Elijah Harbour came to Green Township, Randolph
County, in about 1833 or 1834. He raised a large family and
spent a long life upon the homestead of his choice, dying at
length in 1872, after tarrying upon these mundane shores more
than his full fourscore years — eighty-four years five months and
twelve days. His wife, Rhoda, had preceded him to the Spirit
Land more than two years. She died May 30, 1870, aged eighty-
two years two months and twenty-three days. Mr. Harbour was
a Methodist and a l'>cal preacher, and was active and successful
in helping to spread the knowledge and the practice of godliness
through those frontier regions. The religious exercises in con-
nection with the interment of his earthly remains were very
largely attended, and they were followed to the grave by a great
tteong of sympathizing neighbors and friends.

Daniel Hill, Wayne Township, Anti-slavery Friend, was born
.in Wayne Count}', Ind., in 1817; came to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1818, being the son of Henry Hill, late of Jericho,
Wayne Township, Randolph Co., Ind. He has had three wives
and four children. Ho rasided some forty years or more at Jeri-
cho, and then removed to New Vienna, Ohio, where he now re-
sides. He was, through his early and middle life, a farmer and
a cai'penter. He is now publisher of peace papers, books, ete.,
at New Vienna, Ohio. He was a prominent Anti-slavery Friend,
and an original Trustee of U. L. Institute, resigning in 1878,

168

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

after thirty-three yeara' service. Daniel Hill was Senator from
Eanddlph County at Indianapolis four years, doing for the pub-
lic faithful and energetic service. He has been long and largely
trusted and highly honored by the Friends, to which body he
belongs. Ho is a recorded minister among them, and has trav-
eled and spoken extensively as such, and also as a lecturer in
the cause of peace and of Sunday schools. He is an enthsiastic
friend of total abstinence and of every good and philanthropic en-
terprise. His temperament is cheerful and even jovial; he is
kind and warm-hearted, but firm as the rocks upon every ques-
tion of principle. His character is altogether that of an excel-
lent and trustworthy citizen and of a consistent and exemplary
Christian. He publishes the Friend of Peace, the Sunday
School Worker and a variety of publications upon k-ndred sub-
jects, which spread throughout the land a sweet and tender and
quiet, but yet a powerful and eflicient influence for good upon
the nation, to check the spirit of ambition and war, and bring
the world to the real and universal practice of the true and
peaceful Gospel of Christ.

Rev. William Hunt, Huntsville, Methodist, bom in Virginia in
1790, and removed to Kentucky in 1791 ; was a Methodist
preacher in 1812; preached in Sullivan County, Ind., in Ken-
tucky, Madison and Clark Counties, Ohio, and White River Cir-
cuit, Indiana (1816); emigrated to Randolph County, Ind., in
1818. He married Matilda Smith in 1817; then Mary Smith;
had nine children; died in 1877. He became a preacher in
1812, and followed it more or less all his life. Six children are
still living. He was a farmer; in his early life, he "rode cir-
cuit," but latterly he "located." He was a preacher sixty-five
years. He laid out the town of Huntsville in 5 834.

William S. Hunt, West Rivei, was born in Kentucky in 1819;
came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1840. He married Laura Hunt,
daughter of Rev. Wm. Hunt, in 1841, and has had twelve children,
all living to be grown; ten are now living— seven married; he is a
farmer and owns 300 acres; was Justice of the Peace seventeen
years, and Township Trustee nine years; is a strong Republican
and an active and respected citizen; a worthy and reliable man,
and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Rev. Alpheus Jennings Lewellon, Farmland, Ind., Methodist,
is the son of Philip Lewellen, and he was the son of Thomas
Lewellen, who was the grandson of one of three brothers who
came from Wales to America in a very early day. His grand-
mother Lewellen was a daughter of Benjamin Jennings, who
came from England and settled in Somerset County, Ponn., in
1770. A. J. L. was born in Randolph County. Va, in 1824,
came to Indiana in 1837 and settled iu the eastern edge of Dela-
ware County. He served as an apprentice to the cabinet-making
business, with Messrs. Nottingham & Swain, in Muncie, in 1844
and 1845; came into Randolph County in 1845, and resided at
Windfior. He married Eleanor Kinert, of Windsor, from Penn-
sylvania, in 1840; he lived at Georgetown in 1851 and 1852, and
sold goods. In 1853, he moved to Iowa, remaining till 1803,
when he returned to Indiana He was licensed to preach by the
Quarterly Conference of the Langworthy Circuit, Upper Iowa
Annual Conference, in 1802, and, in 18()3, took charge of the
Montpelier Circuit, North Indiana Conference, O. V. Lemon,
Presiding Elder. He was admitted on trial bj' the North Indiana
Conference, at Knightstown, Ind., April, 1804, being ordained
Deacon in 1806 and Elder in 1808. He has served in the follow-
ing charges: Montpelier, Warren, Alexandria, Lincoln, Xeuia,
Boxley, Tipton, Jerome, Eaton and Farmland. Revivals have
been enjoyed in each of the above charges, with accessions to the
church varying from fifty to three hundred. In one series of
meetings on Xenia Circuit, 125 professed saving faith and 111
persons joined the church in two weeks. Ho has two brothers
and one sister living, and two brothers and one sister dead. His
sister (who is living) married Nelson Leonard, a son of Rev.
Thomas Leonard, who lived many years at Smithtield, Delaware
Co., Ind., and who now resides at Fort Wayne. His brother,
Z. M. Lewellen, is a farmer near Eaton, Delaware Co. , Ind. His
youngest brother, Philip Wesley, is a physician at Clarinda,
Page Co., Iowa. He graduated at Green Castle; studied medi-
cine at Burlington, Delaware Co., Ind, ; attended lectures and

graduated at Cincinnati Medical College. Mr. L. has had six
children, only one living. He is stationed at present at Farm-
land, Randolph Co., Ind. (1880).

Rev. August George Henry Michaolis, Union City, In<l. , pastor
Lutheran Chiu'ch, was bom in Kalbe on the Saalo, Prussia, in 1821 ;
went to Berlin in 1824, educated at Berlin and in theology at
Elborfelt and Barmen, 1842 to 1850; camo to New York in 1851,
Wisconsin in 1851, Ohio in 1852; Findlay, Hancock Co., Ohio,
in 1852; Bucvrus, Crawford Co., Ohio, in 1854; Liverpool,
Medina jUo., Ohio, 1805; Monroe, Mich., in 1872; Union City,
Ind, 1878. He married Caroline Marggraff in 1854; has had eight
children, seven living; Evangelical Lutheran, Augsburg, confes-
sion unaltered. In his church are 140 communicants and thirty
six voters; members of families, 300. The church has a parson-
age. He keeps up, in the summer, a German school, and, at
other times, a Saturday school for general instruction; in winter,
catechism twice a week. He has a full congregation and the
services are conducted wholly in German. Some of this congre-
gation are among the most substantial and estimable citizens of the
town, and Rev. Micbaelis himself appears to be a most worthy
and exemplary gentleman and a valuable member of the commu-
nity.

Rev. H. J. Meek, pastor of the M. E. Church, was born in
Carlisle, Penn., in 1822, and married Elizabeth Elliot in 1844.
He joined the North Indiana Methodist Episcopal Conference,
at Goshen, Ind., in 1S55. He has preached on circuits, stations
and charges as follows: Goshen, 1855; Indianapolis, 1856; Will-
iamsburg Circuit, 1857; Hagerstown Circuit, 1858-59; Winches-
ter Station, 1800-01; Wabash Station, 1802-63; Kendallville
Station, 1804-00; Knightstown, 1807-08; Goshen District, Pre-
siding Elder, 1809-72; Fort Wayne, 1873; Fort Wayne, Presid-
ing Elder, 1874; Kokomo Station, 1875-77; Union City Station,
1878-.SO; Blufifton, 1881. They have had thirteen children, eight
still living. His work has been greatly owned and blessed with re-
vival influences, especially at Winchester, Wabash, Kendallville,
Knightstown and Kokomo. Great numbers have been added to
the church through God's blessing upon his labors, in some cases
from 100 to 300 accessions taking place. Mr. Meek is sixty
years of age, but still retains his vigor and energy of body and
mind, and the church hopes for yet many years of eflicient labor
from this worthy servant of Christ. After serving the usual num-
ber of years at Union City, he was stationed at Blufl'ton, Wells
Co., Ind., at which place he now (March, 1S82) resides.

Rev. John A. Moorman, Farmland, Wesleyan and Episcopal
Methodist, born in North Carolina in 1820; came to Randolph Co.
in 1822. Has been twice married ; his first wife was Nancy Hiatt;
his second wife was Mercy Shaw; he has had ten children, nine
of whom are living and four married. Mr. M. was a farmer
mostly up to 1801; he sold goods in Farmland eleven years
(1805 to 1870); has been insurance agent for ten years, Notary
Public for fifteen years, clergyman for thirty-four years, among
the Wesleyans for thirteen years and the Episcopal Methodists
for twenty-one years. He has been a member of the Indiana
Legislatm-e for three terms — 1800-04 and 1870-78. He was in
the memorable "bolt" during the civil war, resigning his seat.
He was Quartermaster in the One Hundred and Seventeenth
Regiment, a six months' regiment. Mr. Moorman is a man of
active habits and pure and sterling morals, and is in every
way an estimable and valuable member of society. He is
a reliable Republican, as also an active temperance man and a
friend of every useful and benevolent enterprise. In early times,
he was an out and out Abolitionist, and, for thirteen years, a
Wesleyan preacher. Within a short time past, he has become a
practicing attorney at the Winchester bar.

Charles Osborn, Wayne County, Anti -slavery Friend, was
born in North Carolina in 1775; came to Wayne County. Ind.,
in 1819; laid out Economy in 1825; married Sarah Moorman,
and afterward, Hannah Swain. He had sixteen children; their
names were James, Josiah, John, Isaiah, Lydia, Elijah. Elihu,
Gideon, Charles N, Parker, Narcissa, Cynthia, Jordan, Sarah,
Benjamin, Anna. Six are living 8till--Elijah, Charles N., Par-
ker, Jordan, Sarah and Anna (1880). Charles Osborn published
the first anti-slavery paper in the United States, the Philanthro-

HISTOllY 0¥ RANDOLPH COUNTY.

169

pisf, at Mt. Pleasant, Oliio, in 1817 and 181S. Its motto was
"Emancipation, immediate and unconditional." This was sev-
eral years before Benjamin Lundy established the Genius of Uni-
versal Emancipation, and thirteen or fourteen years before GaiTJ-
son began the Liberator, at Boston, in 1831. He was recorded a
minister among Friends in 1808, traveled and preached a full
anti-slavery Gospel, establishing manimiission societies in North
Carolina and Tennessee, in 1814 and 1815; and, in 1810, remov-
ing to Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, he established the Philnnfhropiil, as
stated above. He traveled extensively as a minister among
Friends in America,, and visited Eui'ope, also preaching in En-
gland, Ireland, France, Germany, Prussia and Holland, spending
eighteen months across the ocean — 1832 and 1834. He had been
a worthy and trusted member of Indiana Yearly Meeting of
Friends, but he was proscribed and deprived of his position in
society on account of his opposition to slavery and colonization,
in 1842 and 1843. He was dropped from the "Meeting for
Sufferings " of the Richmond Yearly Meeting, nominally becatxse
he had co-operated with Arthiu- Tajipan, William Lloyd Garrison
and others outside the "Body of Friends," in earnest anti-slavery
work. He was active in the "Separation,'' in 1842 and 1843,
which resulted in the formation of another distinct Yearly Meet-
ing, called Anti-slavery Friends. He moved to Michigan in 1842,
and to Clear Lake, Ind., in 1848; he died at Clear Lake in 1850,
in Christian love and joyful hope, seventy-five years old. His
life was indeed one of earnest labor and endurance for Clu-ist.
God vouchsafed to his patient, waiting spirit abundance of peace
and high views of heavenly things, and often a strong power to
speak for His holy truth and a clear witness of gracious accept-
ance in the earnest service of a humble heart, and he has doubt-
less been called home to behold the glory of the Lord in His up-
per and better sanctuary. Charles Osborn's father, Daniel Os-
born, was born in Stissex County, Del. , in 1 745, iund his mother,
Margaret Stout, in 1744, in York County, Penu. His grand-
father, Matthew Osboni, was a native of England.

Charles W. Osborn, West Kiver, Auti-slavery Friend, son of
Isaiah Osborn, and grandson of Charles Osborn of famous anti-
slavery memory, was bom near Economy, Wayne Co., Ind., in
1833: attended school at Union Literary Institute and Antioch
College. He married Asenath W. Wood, in 1858, and came to
Randolph County, Ind., in 18(J0; they have had sis children;
he has taught school six years; he is a farmer; was an Abolition-
ist, an Anti-slavery man and is a Republican; he is a minister
among Friends, and has been Clerk of Monthly Meeting for
seventeen years; he is active in temperance, in Sunday schools
and in all good things. Mr. O. is highly esteemed as a Chris-
tian and a citizen. Largely under his aiispices, a gi-ove temper-
ance and prohibition convention was hold in the stimmer of
1S81, in a grove not fai- from Economy, Wayne Co., Ind., lasting
tha-ee days, addressed by Mrs. Malloy, Mrs. Trego, Mr. Reynolds
and other temperance workers and attended by a lai-ge, eai'nest
and enthusiastic assembly.

Isaiah Osborn, Economy, Wayne Count}', Anti-slavery Friend,
foiu'th son of Charles Osborn, was born in Tennessee in 1803.
Mai-ried Lj-dia Worth, sister of Rev. Daniel AVorth, in 1829; had
eight children and died in 1840, in Wayne County, Ind. ; he
was a Friend, and held with the Anti-slavery Ffiends in the
"Separation." HocametoMt. Pleasant, Ohio, in 1810; became a
printer, and came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1819; went to Tennes-
see in 1822 and worked for Benjamin Lundy on the (ienitis of
Emancipation till 1824 (in Tennessee); worked at Centerville,
Ind., for John Scott till 1827, and at Indianapolis till 1828,
when ho came to Wayne Coimty. He married Lydia Worth and
took to farming and teaching. Ho settled a short distance north
of Economy. Wayne County. .Ifter his death, his widow mar-
ried Mr. Baldwin, of Union County: her second husband is also
dead, and she lives a widow, gentle-spirited and peaceful, with
her son. Charles Osborn, in West River Township, Randolph
Co., Ind. The Csborns have been noted for their steadfast ad-
herence to principle, and their unflinching devotion to truth and
right. Isaiah settled on a farm near Economy, Ind.: was at one
(ime Justice of the Peace, and, for many years, .Assessor and
Collector of Taxes; was an active member of Fri(>nds and a warm

and earnest advocate of the slave, being a stern and outspoken
Abolitionist of the earliest time.

Robert Pogue, Union City, Ind., Methodist, was born in
1802. in Knox County, Teun., "being the eldest of nine children.
His father moved to Greene County, Ohio, in 1800, and resided
there till 1835, settling in Ward Township, Randolph County,
in the latter year, six of his nine children having also resided in
the same county: he was a miller and then a farmer, chiefly the
latter. In religion, he was a Methodist and in politics a Demo-
crat; he lies buried in the old Prospect Graveyard, east of Deer-
field. His son Robert left home at seventeen years of age, learn-
ing the trade of a distiller; at nineteen, he took up a roving life,
first going into Northwestern Ohio, at the call of Capt. Riloy, of
African fame, for men to assist in surveying; he was too late for
that, but not very long afterward, a party of three — Martin,
Lewis and Pogue — set out on foot for an exploring tour tlu'ough
Indiana and Illinois; they passed through Connorsvillo, lluah-
ville, Indianapolis, 'ion-e Haute, Springfield and Jacksonville
(1821); these were but small villages, and at Indianr.polis they
woi-e laying the foundations of the old State House. To Con-
nei-sville, the journey was a wilderness, with very few openings;
to Indianapolis and Terre Haute, almost an unbroken forest,
there being a little settlement upon AValnut Creek, between In
dianapolis and Terre Haute. Going up the Wabash by the Indian
Battle Ground, to Austin's iirairie. eighteen miles above Terre
Haute, they struck out boldly across the wide plains, ninety
miles, to Springfield. 111., then a mere group of cabins. Terre
Haute had one hotel and two stores, and Indianapolis but little
more. They saw but one dwelling-house between the Wabash
and Springfield. In Springfield, not a single good house was to
bo found. Whi'e there, young Pogue cast his first vote, though
slightly under age. yet the cause was a good one, the question
of freedom or slavery in the new State, and his vote counted one
for the right side —freedom. One of the three was a cooper,
and one (Pogue) was a distiller, and they arranged to settle there
and sot up the liquor business. Lewis and Pogue returned to
Greene County, Ohio, while Martin set oat from Illinois with a
drove of horses to Green Bay, Wis. On the route Martin was
drowned in swimming a river; he swam across to get a canoe,
which proved to be locked fast. In swimming back, his strength
failed, and he sank only a few rods from shore. In 1824, Mr.
Pogue married Susannah Vaughn, the issue of which union has
been nine children, eight of whom became grown, and four havo
been married, and five are still living; his wife died in Union
City, ind., in 1871, at the ago of sixty-fom- yeiU's. Becoming
disgusted with the distilling business, he beg.an making spinning-
wheels for wool and flax; and, when that failed, he undertook to
bo a carpenter, which business, with farming, furnished him em-
ployment till he gave up work. In 1839, Mr. Pogue emigrated
to Ward Township, Randolph Co., Ind. Residing there till 18l)0,
he removed to Union City, which is still his home. He joined
the Methodist Church, near Prospect, in 1842, and has been
Steward, Class-Loader, Trustee, Sunday school Superintendent,
or the like, sometimes two or t'uree at once, most of the time
since; ho is now Steward and Class-Leader in the church at
Union City. Though his father was a Demixjrat, Robert became
a Whig, casting his first Presidential vote for John Quiucy
Adams in 1824; he was a Whig and then a Repiiblican, having
voted for fifteen successive Presidential elections, ending with
James A. Garfield. Mr. Pogue has been active in local public
affairs, especially in school matters, having been School Director,
Township Clerk and School Trustee; his influence through his
whole life has boon for improvement in the public schools, and
ho feels that his efforts have not been in vain. He has suffered
severely from rheumatism from his early manhood, though now,
in his old age, he is more nearly free from that ailment than he
WHS in early and middle life. Mr. Pogue is one of that haiipy
band who makes religion the sum and substance of life, and he
feels now, after forty years in the love of Christ, that the service
of God is its own reward. When Mr. Pogue joined the Meth-
odist Church, the meetings were held in Mr. Helm's chamber.
Mr. D. B. Miller and Mr. Helm biu-nt a brick-kiln together;
each built a brick house, which wore nearly the first houses of

170

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the kind in Ward Township. Prospect Chnrch was erected not
long afterward, Mr. Pogue himself being the head workman (about
1845).

Isom Puckett, Dunkirk, White Kiver, Friend, was born in
Carolina before 1774; was married in Carolina to Elizabeth
Kane, and came to Kandoljih County in 181'J, settling at Dim-
kirk. west of Winchester; they had ten children, most of whom
lived to be grown and to be married. He was a Friend, a Whig,
Anti -slavery, Abolitionist, an abstinence advocate and a Quaker
preacher. Under his counsel and influence as a leader, the little
band of Friends at Dunkirk were foremost in works of humanity
and love. He died about 1856, and « as buried at Dunkirk, but
1)0 memorial marks his grave; and his own relatives could not
now perhaps discover or point out the place which ought now to
be to them a sacred spot, where his mortal remains found their
last earthly resting-place. Anna Puckett, daughter of Isom
Puckett, born about 1796, married Elijah Jackson, about 1816;
had eight children; was an excellent and motherly woman, an
Anti -slavery Friend in the days of that movemem, a recorded
minister among Friends, and of a loving. Christian spirit. She
was noted in her day for being one of those " doctor nurses," to
whom humankind owe so much and render so little, and was
greatly skilled in the use of water and of herbs for ourat've pur-
poses. Her husband was a farmer and a Friend, and died about
1863. Anna died in 1876, aged eighty years. Their children
have been di.^tingu'shed for their excellence, two of her children
and two of her grandchildren being recorded ministers among
Friends. The children of Isom Puckett in all were ten, viz.,
(Jincy (Ballinger), Anna (Jackson), Sally (Adamson), Olive
(Diggs), Nathan. Mahala (Mason), Benjamin, Mary (Harris),
Lydia (Jackson), Thomas Clarkson; they were all born in Caro-
lina, the youngest being only a few months old at the time of
their emigration to Indiana. The daughters are all defid,
and the three sons are supposed to be living. Nathan resides
near Ann Arlxjr, Mich., having in 1SS2, removed from
Richmond, Ind. ; Benjamin, in Iowa, and Thomas Clarkson at
Nora, III, of which place he had been a prominent and influental
citizen since 1853, owning a fine landed property and dealing
largely in stock, and engaging, also, in other active business un-
dertakings; he has been the father of a large family of chil-
dren, all but one of whom are still living. In early life,
he was Sm'veyor of Kandolph County, Ind., and he held
several local offices during his residence in Illinois; his oldest
son is a physician in a thriving town in Iowa. His marriage
took place in 1852, his wife being Miss Emily Patchin, of North
Gage, Oneida County, N. Y., and a sister of the wife of liev. E.
Tucker, now and for many years a citizen of Randolph County,
residing at present in Union City in that county.

Rev. J. H. Quinlan, Catholic pastor. Union City, was born in
Seneca County, Ohio, in 1843; went to school at Cleveland, New
York and Milwaukee, 1861 to 1870; was ordained a Catholic
priest at Milwaukee in 1870; Delphi, Carroll Co.. Ind,, in 1870
and 1872; he traveled for his health in the Northwest during the
summer of 1872; Elkhart, Ind., 1872; Union City. 1876. The
Catholics have at Union City a flourishing and prosperous con-
gregation of 150 families, with a school of ninety to one bundled
and ten pupils. Three teachers are employed and the school is
maintained for ten months in the year. The school is free to all
the pupils. It is supported by the income of a fund of $5, (XX). con-
tributed by Peter Kuntz, Esq., a citizen of the town and a mem-
ber of the congregation. The gift is truly a magnificent one,
and the Catholic society have great reason to be thankful to their
worthy communicant and fellow-citizen for this act of princely
generosity. The Catholics have a fine property of four lota, con-
taining a church, parsonage, nunnerj' and schooUiouse, all neat
and convenient, though plain and inexpensive.

Rev. Thomas Wiley, Union City Disciple. Mrs. Eleanor
Ruby (1835; says; "My husband, Thomas Wiley, became
a preacher more than forty years ago. He was born and
partly raised in Bourbon County, Ky., and had little educa-
tion; he learned to write when a boy by getting a "rock-slate"
and having his father set copies on the slate. In early life, he
undertook to teach school, and made out very well. He had to

study hard and late at night to keep ahead of his scholars, get-
ting help in a "pinch" from Thomas Devor, to whom he felt
under great obligations. Mr. W. became a missionary preacher,
traveling over much of Eastern Indiana and Western Ohio and
org.anizing many churctios in the region. To show pioneer tri-
als, an extract is given, somewhat condensed, from his diary:
'■' April 10, 1852— Went to Fort Wayne, but found no chance for a
meeting. I was behind time; they did not get my letter; it rained
hard before I got to town, nnd the weather was very wet till next
day (Sunday). The congregation had gone down; not more than
five or six life-liko Christians. The church was poor timber at
first, and they had unworthy preachers, who have done more
harm than half a dozen men could do good in twelve months.
One man who had his appointment in the paper, was found play
ing cards and gambling among the loafers. Another was ex-
pelled from the Episcopal Church and joined the Disciples; was
found to be base and was thought to have poisoned his wife to
death. Like priest, like people. Doleful situation! " Mr. Wi-
ley became weakly by incessant labor, and moved to Union City.
He was made Postmaster and so remained till his death, in
1861. He owned 130 acres of land near New Lisbon. He laid
out that town in 1848; the place flourished till the railroads were
built and Union City was established so near. When we movod
to Randolph County, the whole region was one vast wilderness.
The only settlers within reach were Mr. Sheets, north of Union
City; .Amos Smith, north of New Lisbon; Hezekiah Fowler,
father of Gabe Fowler, and Thomas Peyton, on the Converse
farm. " Kid " Marquis settled on the Parent farm soon after.
James AVickeraham, my uncle, came shortly. There was nobody
at Union City for years afterward. We used to ' ' neighbor " with
Mr. Fowler's, four miles. We would visit them, going on foot
through the woods, perhaps once a year. Mr. Wiley began by hir-
ing a hewed-log house built at first, before we moved. He got some
leather and made some shoos, and took them up into the woods
and paid for his work with shoe,s. The house was large and
roomy, and we thought we had a palace. The whole northern
country was settling while we lived there (1836 to 1852), and
groat numbers passed on their northward way. Many stayed
overnight as tliey were struggling on toward their desired haven.
We have had fifteen in one night, and we never charged them
anything for their entertainment. One time we were busy with
apples. My husband was absent, and I had invited some neigh-
bors to come in and help us cut them. A stranger came and
wished to stay. I told him " No, husband is absent, and we are
to have an 'apple-cut' this evening." "But I will be civil, and
I can cut apples, too." At last, I invited my son-in-law to re-
main all night and let the stranger stay. Ho cut apples nicely, and
was very civil and jovial. I tried to "pump'' him, but he would
not be "pumped." Finally, at breakfast, he said: "I will tell

you who I am. I am Mr. , one of a company who have

split off fi-om the Methodists, and we are working on our own
hook. I tried to debate with one of your folks (meaning Disci-
ple), and bo whipped me out teriibly." So he went on his way."
Mr. Wiley broke down in health as a result of his energetic and
extensive labors in the ministry, through the new and sparsely
settled regions of Eastern Indiana and elsewhere, and ho re-
moved to Union City, Ind., shortly after the commencement of
that town, still preaching occasionally and becoming an Elder in
the newly established church of the Disciples in that place. He
was also appointed Postmaster in the infant city, but his
health continued to decline and in a very few years he died
there. His widow married Mr. Rubey, of Wayne County, Ind.,
and they removed to Union City, but her second husband also
died, and she now resides as a widow in the same place, aged,
but active in bodily health and genial and sprightly in mental
activity.

Rev. R. D. Spellman, Winchester, was bom in Massachusetts in
1813, and he came to Western Reserve, Ohio, in 1817, and to In-
diana in 1851. He joined the Methodist Episcopal Church in
1836, and entered the ministry in 1852. He had before that
been a practicing physician, as also, in youth, a teacher three
years, in Perry County, Ohio. He began the practice of medi-
cine in 1840. His field of labor as a clergyman has been

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Wayne, Homy, Randolph, Adams, Do Kalb, Wabash and Mad-
ison Counties, Ind. — thi-ee-fourths of the time in Wayne, Henry
and Randolph. He married, in 1842, Elizabeth Beckwith.
daughter of Col. John Beckwith, Colonel of a regiment in the
war of 1812. They have had four children, three living. Mr.
Spellman is now superannuated, and resides in Winchester. He
preaches still somewhat, and engages in temperance work, which
has been his delight from his yoTith. Mi'. Spellman is now ab-
sent from home on a trip to Eastern Ohio to attend the golden
wedding of his brother, Marciis F. Spellman, of Portage County,
Ohio (fall of 1881). There were in his father's family seven
children, and live are living now, and of those five he is the
youngest. Mr. Spellman has been, since 1852 until within two
years, an active and successful Gospel preacher, and he looks
back upon the work which the Lord has enabled him to accom-
plish with gratitude for the high favor thus conferred upon him.

Edward Starbuck, Wesleyan, late of Union City, was born in
North Carolina in 1813, and came with his father to Wayne
County, Ind., in 1817. He resided for many years near Mt.
Vernon, east of Fountain City, Wayne Co., Ind., as a farmer
and brick-mason. In 1865, he removed to Union City and began
business as a banker, being a stockholder and an office-holder in
the First National Bank of Union City. Mr. Starbuck was three
times man-ied. His wives were Mary Vineyard, Lydia Good and
Esther Ashton. He died at his home in Union City in 1874,
greatly lamented by his relatives and by the public at large, and
was followed to his burial in Union City Cemetery by a large,
sympathizing and deeply soiTowing concourse. Mr. Starbuck
was a man of strong moral and religious convictions, and of a
largely benevolent spirit. He was greatly drawn to a deep sym-
pathy for the poor and the oppressed, and was an original and
life-long Abolitionist. In eai'ly life, he joined the Episcopal
Methodists, but withdrew from that body and united with the
Wosloyans for anti-slavery reasons, and for many years, and till
his death, he maintained his connection with them, holding
among them the honored position of a local preacher. Mr. Starbuck
was a man of great moral worth and of deep religious feeling,
active in support of religious and benevolent institutions and
operations, especially those intended for the elevation of the
poor and needy. The anti-tslavery cause found in him a consis-
tent, energetic and faithful advocate and sujiporter. Ho was a
liberal contributor to the funds of the American Missionarj' Asso-
ciation in its work of evangelizing the freedmen. Mr. Starbuck
was the father of nine children, eight of whom are living — John,
Lewis, George, Elizabeth and four others. John S. has been a
wholesale egg, butter and poulb-y dealer in Union City. Ind., and
is a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, a valu-
able and reliable citizen and an estimable and useful man. One
of the daughters is the wife of Dr. William Commons, a promi-
nent physician of Union City. The third wife is still living.

Rev. W. D. Stone, Union City, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio,
in 1820; went back and forth with his father, Ezra Stone, to and
from Now Orleans, when a lad; came to Winchester, Ind., in
1839; attended County Seminary at intervals from 183U to 1847,
and again after the Mexican war, in which he enlisted in May,
1847, in the Fom'th Indiana Volunteers as a private, and in
which war he served fourteen months. Soon after its close, he
married Miss Jane D. Poor, attending also the seminai-y under
Prof. Cole; moved into the woods north of Winchester, cleared
oflf six acres of land, and "cleared out." In 1852, they moved
to Wayne Township, and afterward to various points — Han-is-
ville, Salem, Nov/ Lisbon, Recovery, Spartansburg, etc., and now
living at Union City. He volunteered in the three-months' serv-
ice in the war of 1801, being Captain of Company I, Seventeenth
Ohio Volunteers. The regiment was in the West Virginia cam-
paign. On the expiration of that service, ho re-enlisted in the
One Hundred and Eighteenth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, and
was made Captain of Company C. They were in the Ai-my of
the Cimiberland, under Burnside and Scholield. He was sent at
one time to Boston, Mass., in charge of a company of officers and
men, to take command of a body of conscripts (drafted men) in
Massachusetts, and to distribute them as might be needed. He
was, among other battles, at Resaca, Ga., summer of 1804, and

was wounded in the side by a shell, and was discharged July 21,
lSt)4. His business hiis been teaching and preaching. The
teaching has been done at many places — Harrisville, Salem,
Bethel, Newport, Union City, Spartansbvu'g, Recovery (Ohio),
etc., etc. The preaching has been done in Michigan, in Miami
and Shelby Counties, Ohio, and other places. He is an active,
wide-awake, somewhat eccentric, but very energetic and success-
ful, educator and preacher. He wsis almost idolized by his pu-
pils, and is greatly esteemed by the churches to which he minis-
ters. He is enthusiastic, acting on the Bible maxim, " Whatsoever
thy hand tiudeth to do, do with thy might." They have no chil-
dren, which is true also of his brother, Gen. Asahel Stone. It
is a great loss to the counti-y that so worthy a stock seems doomed
to extinction, and that no children live to bo an honor to the
name and to perpetuate it in the laud. By God's blessing, hundred.^
of souls have been brought upon his labora into the kingdom
of the Redeemer. He is still in active service, in his fifty-
fourth year, and we may hope for much service from his hands
in the Master's vineyard. The cholera prevailed in Winchester
in the fall of 1849. It caused a terrible panic, and many left the
town. Twelve men banded together to stay and "tight it
through." The doctors mostly left. Dr. Longshore came from
Deerfield, thinking he could cure cholera, but he failed utterly,
and as he was riding away, a man asked for a prescription for a
patient. Ho wrote on a scrap and handed it to the man, saying,
" Fill that, and give a dose ever}' hoxir till he dies," and rode off
as hard as he could go. Nothing seemed of any avail till a half-
witted fellow in a saw-mill somewhere south of Winchester
dictated a remedy which proved eflfectual to cvu-e the cholera
Thomas Kizer, druggist, knows what the "saw-mill medicine"
is. They had " signal taps " for each one of the twelve. One
day, Joel Avery was missing. The " tap ' ' was given, but no
Joel. The town was searched, and at last he was found back of
Wellcome Pnckett's, apparently dead. But he was breathing
sligtitly, and they made some strong lye, and filled a trough, and
put him in, and he " boimced. " It revived him, and ho got well.
It was a fearful time! A large number died. Some whole fami-
lies wore taken oil'. The death fiend seemed to have been turnorl
loose upon the devoted town, imchecked, and reveling in wretch-
edness and desolation. Elder Stone removed from Union City
in the fall of 1880, to his fai-m in Jackson ToAvnship, north of
New Lisbon. His health, which had become quite feeble during
that summer and fall, grew somewhat better, and he took up preach-
ing and pastoral labor which he had been obliged to intermit. But
it was only for a short time. His health proved still unequal to
the task, and he is striving to find, though with little success, in
active out-door labor and relaxation of mental exertion, a restoiu-
tion of mental and bodily health and strength. Dm'ing the fall
of 1 881 , he returned to Union City to his former residence in
that town, and in September they took their first trip to the prai-
ries of Kansas.

Nathan Thomas, Wayne County, Ind., Anti-slavery Friend,
was the third .child of Benjamin Thomas, one of the pioneci-s of
Now Garden Township, Wayne Co. , Ind. He was born about
1813, and was twice married, the last time to Mrs. Ann (Will-
iams) Reynolds, who is still living, having been a widow since his
death, nearly thirty years. Mr. Thomas had a large family of
children, thi'eo of whom were by his last wife. He was wonder-
fully active in religious and benevolent movements; was one of
the chief actors in the "Separation," and a trusted leader among
the Anti slavery Friends. He was greatly interested in the free
labor movement, and traveled exteusivoly in the South and else-
where to aid in encouraging the production of cotton and market-
ing it by free labor. He was one of the Trustees of the U. L.
Institute, and was greatly active in its support, and deeply in-
terested in its success. His advantages in that early time had
been but meager, yet he became an intelligent and influential
man. His deatJi occurred while he was still in the early maturity
of manhood, when he was only about thirty-eight years old. The
cholera swept him from among men in the fall of 1851. His
early demise was indeed a severe loss, as men view things, to the
community and to the country. His widow, Mrs. Ann Thomas,
has been from her early girlhood a remarkable specimen of untir-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ing Christian and benevolent artivity, restless and unceasing in
her efforts to accomplish good, especially to the poor and friend-
less. She was bom and reared in Ireland, belonging to a family
of distinction in that country. One of her brothers was for many
years a British military officer in India Another was. during
his life, an English official in Australia. A third died on the
plains while on the way to California during the early gold ex-
citement about that region. She returned to her native island in
187y to visit the scenes of her youth, and it is a somewhat curi-
ous fact 'jat, through her means, a marriage was accomplished
between une of her sous and a lady of that, country. He crossed
the ocean diu-ing the winter of 1iS7'.)-8(>, claimed his bride, and,
returning to America in the spring, resiiined his business as
associated press agent in the city of Chicago; and his mother is
now spending with that son in that wonderful city a pleasant
and tranquil old age, enjoying the retrospect of a life spent in
the active service of the Lord, and the consciousness of the com-
forting presence of her loving Savior.

Benjamin I'homivs, Newport (now Fountain City), Ind., was
born in North Carolina in 1782; came to AVayno Coiuity in
1812,'being the second settler north of Kichmond, Ind. He
married Anna Moorman in North Cai'olina Nathan Thomas,
their third child, Avas the lirst white child born in Now Garden
Township, Wayne County. Benjamin Thomas had twelve chil-
dren, six of them still living. He remained on the land he en-
tered till his death, about 1851. He was prominent in the " Sep-
aration " among Friends of the Richmond Yearly Meeting on
account of slaverj', in 1S42-4H, aud was one of the principal
founders of Union Literary- Institute, a manual labor institution,
established in 1845 and 1840, in Randolph County, for colored
and other yoiith. He was active and influential among Friends
during his whole life. He was mild and gentle in his disposi-
tion, quiet in his temper, exemplary in his life, iudu.strious and
frugal, a consistent Christian, a worthy citizen and a generous-
hearted, benevolent man.

John ThombOTg, Friend-Methodist. Stony Creek, oldest sou
of Isaac ThornbOTg, was bom in North Carolina, Guilford
County, in 1794; came to Ohio in IHIH; married Susannah Bales
in 1815; came to Randolph County in 1824; entered 100 acres
of land two miles south of Windsor, and moved to the county
April. 1825. He had ten children, four born in Ohio and six in
Randolph County. Lemuel Vestal had undertaken to build a
mill on Stony Creek, near Windsor. He had employed his work-
men, and they had got out the timber, but he could not go on,
and he sold out to John Thornburg, who put up both a saw-mill
and a gristmill, the latter gi-indiug corn and wheat, bolting with
a revolving hand bolt. That mill sawed the timber to build the
first frame house in Muncie, the lumber being hauled to that
place by ox teams. After owning the mills foiu: yeais, he sold
them to Andrew G. Dye, who, after several years, also sold to
Moses Neely, who sold to Thomas W. Reese, and he built the
mills anew. They have boon owned successively since by Neely,
Mai-k Patty, Johnson & Dye, William A. Thornbiu-g, Reeco '&
Sons, Mahlon Clevenger, John Thornburg, and now l)y Robert
Cowgiil. The mill is a good one, though it lacks power some-
what. The water is not nearly so abundant and reliable as of
old. The cleai-ing-up of the lands has dried up the ground and
lessened greatly the volume and steadiness of flow of the streams,
and vastly decreased their value for propelling power. John
Thornburg sold his land to Joseph Rooks, and the mills to Dye,
and went farther up Stony Creek, and again entered 100 acres,
and built a cabin, buying out also David Vestal, with twenty-five
acres of cleared laud, and there he remained till his death, in
1845. His widow is living yet. with Marion Hewitt, near Neff,
eiglity-four years old past. After her first husband's death, she
married Thomas Clevenger, who was a widower with eight or
nine children, only two or three of whom were giown ; and so she
has raised two large families, seventeen in all, and still survives
to look back with thankfulness upon the way in which, though
rough and rugged, yet gracious aud merciful, the good hand of
the Lord haUi led her through all the days of her lengthened
pilgrimage on the eartJi, and to look forwiird to her speedy and
abundant entrance into tho heavenly inan.sions.

(■ she shall Imthc her

Her htisband, John Thornburg, was originally a Friend, but.
believing in the unity of all Christians, he was prominent in
forming and maintaining a congregation in his vicinity on the
ground of union. It was composed chiefly of Friends and Meth-
odists, and was often called the " Friend-Methodist." Their
chm'ch wius called the Union Chapel, and the graveyard neiu-
where it stood is to this day spoken of as the Union Cemetery.
Mr. Thornburg was himself a preacher, and while he lived the
society flourished, but after his death it dwindled, and has be-
come extinct, most of the members joining other societies.

Rev. Ebenezer Tucker, Congrcgationalist, Union City, born in
Cherry Valley, N. Y., in 1811J, attended common schools and
Cherry Valley Academy, 1820-29; Oneida Institute, New York,
18".50-40; teaching winters, and manual labor siunmers; Auburn
and Oberlin Theological Seminaries, 1841-44, graduating at
Oberlin in 1844; married Lois Patchin, North Gage, Oneida
Co., N. Y., Sei^ember 25, 1844; Fredericktown, Ohio, 1844;
Pastor Congregational Chiu*ch eighteen months, 1844-40; Prin-
cipal Union Literary Institute, near Spartansburg, Ind., 1840-54
(school mainly for colored youth, established largely by Anti-
slavery Friends); farmer, Nora, 111., 1854-59; President Libor
College, Jay Coiuity, Ind., 1859-08; Principal Union City one
year; lamp agency, 1809; New Orleans, Professor in Straight
University, 1870; Tougaloo University, Mississippi, 1871-72;
missionary, Raymond, Miss., 1872-78; Union Literary Institute,
Spartanburg, Ind., 1873-79; Union City, 1879. He began
teaching April 5, 1835, and has taught, in all, a time equal to
forty-two yeai'sof eight months each. He has been a clergj-man
since 1844, preaching mostly without compensation, being Pastor
eighteen months at Fredericktown, Ohio, and nine years at Liber,
Ind. His teaching has been laborious and exhausting, but not
without power for good. About foiu: thousand youth have been
members of the schools under his charge, and great numbers of
young men and women in Ohio, Indiana, Mississippi, Louisiana,
Now York, etc., ascribe to his counsels and instructions an impulse
toward light and knowledge which has urged them onward to
grander heights ot wisdom and usefulne.ss. He has had six chil-
dren (four living), as follows: Granville Cliirkson, Caroline
Amelia, Julius Edson, Laura Frances, Charles Finney, Philo An-
drew. G. Clarkson, farmer, teacher, soldier, miller, died 1882;
Caroline A., died, Nora, 111., 1858; Julius E., carpenter, mil-
ler, cabinet-maker; Laura F., teacher, milliner: Charles F.,
teacher; Philo A., telegrapher. G. C. married Mary A. Pom-
roy — Emma Teagle; Julius E., married Sarah Ellen Knight —
widower; Charles F. man-ied Cinderella Maria Campbell: Philo
A. married Janetta Clapp. Ebenezer Tucker's parents were
both of New England descent, his father having been born in
VeiTOont. His maternal grand parents were natives of
Connecticut, the grandfather having been a soldier in the Rovo-
lutionarj- war at Stonington, Conn., and an early and active pio-
neer of Chen-y Valley, N. Y. His father's father was born iu
Marlboro, N. H., about 1740, and his father's mother in Rox-
bury, near Boston, in 1 747, fifteen and eight yeai-s before the
French and Indian war respectively. « His father was one of
twins who were the youngest of nineteen children by one mM-
riago, many of whom were born in the State of Vermont. Being
married at sixteen, the mother bore nineteen childi-en by one
husband, and lived to be ninety-three years old, dying in Cherry
Valley, N. Y., in 1840. They were married at Roxbury, Mass.;
kept house several years iu Keonc, N. H. ; moved into Vermont,
hauling their goods with oxen, and the married couple riding on
the same horse 21K) miles into the Green Mountain land. In
about 1790, they set out for what was then called New Connecti-
cut, and now Western Reserve, in the winter, upon a sled, with
two horses, the group consisting of husband and wife and nine
children, two being twins a year old. They crossed the Green
Mountains; the, snow left them, and they left the sled aud kept
on with the two horees. One horse died, and they still pressed for-
w;ird with the other. They pawned their things as they went on,
the last thing disposed of thus being the woman's shawl, seventeen

'E^y

Res Or GEO.RICKERT.SecZ JacksomTp, Randolph Co. Ind.

Res of Mrs LUCINDA BYRUM, Jackson Tp, Randolph Co. Ind.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

173

miles from where they finally stopped. They quit traveling,
beicanse — because — well, because they could get no farther, end-
ing their wearisome journey in Montgomery County, N. Y., re-
moving shortly to Otsogo County, N. Y., about fifty-live miles
west of Albany. There they settled., and there they resided till
they left the scenes of mortality, the husband in about 1S2-!,
and the wife in 1840, at the great age of ninety-threo. Poor
and destitute, they reached that hard and rugged region, and
poor for forty or fifty years longer they continued to be, during
their whole sojourn in this sublunary sphere; ihat poverty and
destitution made deepw and more desperate by the sad fact that
twice in that country their house was burned to the groiind, the
last time escaping barely in their night clothes, losing every-
thing in their dwelling. Thus did emigration take place, and
thus did emigrants live in those olden times in that Eastern land.
Such a group as the one described — mjin, wife, nine childi-en,
one poor, woe-begone horse, wandering, strangers in a strange
land — would be a sight to behold ! Yet of the great crowd of
descendants of these poor emigrants, scattered east and west,
Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana,
Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, the
great body have always been, and are to this day, upright, thriv-
ing, respectable, industrious, intelligent, and by far the larger
portion of the whole number God-fearing people. The tree was
good, and the fruit has been good for many, generations. God
bless and prosper the poor, but hardy and virtuous, emigrant,
and let all the people say, Amen! I^et no man despise the poor
and the lowly, but let all conspire to favor and to encourage the
humble and desolate, for out of such shall come, in the follow-
ing years, through successive ages and generations, those who
shall become the strength and substance of the nation, and the
pride and glory of the land! The region of New York to which
they came is famous in the annals of the Eastern land. Cherry
Valley was settled in 1740, 142 years ago, by intelligent and
pious people from Scotland. The winter after their establish-
ment of the colony, the snow lay in immense depth for months
upon the ground, and they came near starvation. A friendly
Indian discovered their condition, and kept them alive by suc-
cessive trips to the settlements on the Mohuwk Piiver, some fif-
teen miles distant, traveling upon snow-shoes and carrying pro-
visions upon his back for their sustenance, persevering in his
friendly work till the return of spring enabled them to obtain
their own supply. In the Eevolutionary war, the town was
burned, and the inhabitants were either killed or carried captive
to Canada. One person, who was then an infant in his mother's
arms, became aftorwai-d the distinguished Judge Alfred E. Camp-
bell, of CooperstowD, N. Y., who became the author of the work
entitled "Annals of Tryon County," embracing the whole of New
York west of Albany County, a most valuable and interesting
treatise, and crowded with information concerning those olden
times. Cherry Valley was burned near the same time with the
massacre of Wyoming, in Pennsylvania, both being in the Sus-
quehanna Valley, the former town being at the head of Cherry
Valley Creek, one of the sources of that river, and Cooperstown
being the residence of Judge Fennimore Cooper, the fajnous
novelist, who immortalized that whole region by the productions
of his vigorous and fertile brain. Some of the families of the
original settlers 142 years ago still occupy the homesteads of
their ancestors. The Campbell family in particular still remain
where their progenitor established his home in 1740, after cross-
ing the stormy ocean-wave from the rocks and mountains of his
native Scotland. One of his sons was a Colonel in the Revolu-
tionary army. Gen. Washington, in his Presidential tourthrough
New York and New England, was a guest at the Campbell man-
sion, and one little boy, a lad of some ten years, who saw Presi-
dent Washington at his father's residence at that early time,
lived to be more than ninety years old, and had the honor, in
Gen. Grant's administration, to be able to say that he had seen
the first President and the last. When President Grunt visited
Troy, in the State of New York, to attend the funeral ceremonies
of Gen. Wool, Mr. Campbell, then above ninety years of age,
made a journey from his homo to Troy on purpose to have it to
say that he had seen the first President and the last. He saw

and was glad, and in a short time he lay down to lake his last
earthly sleep, and wiis gathered to the sepulchers of his fathers.
The ancestral graveyard in that village is, indeed, a most inter-
esting spot, containing, as it does, the tombs of several genera-
tions. In the fall of ISSO, a centennial celebration was held, at-
tended by perhaps twenty thousand people, and addresses were
delivered by Gov. Horatio Seymour and other distinguished per-
sonages of the State and region, conunoniorating the captuie and
burning of the town by the Indians under the famous Mohawk
chief, Thayandanega, or Brant, and the cruel Toiy partisan, Col.
Walter Butler, who, in merciless ferocity, exceeded the savages
themselves, and who was himself shot and tomahawked on tho
banks of Oneida Creek by an Indian, who cried, in answer to But-
ler's appeals for mercy as the avenging savage took his scalp,
"Remember Shen-y Valley! Remember Sherry Valley! " Tho
subject of this sketch was an early Abolitionist, joining that much
abused and maligned group of men and women in his early youth,
in 1835. He attended the Oneida Institute at Whitesboro (neai'
Utica, N. Y. ), the first collegiate school in the United States which
opened its doors to colored youth. While there and at Oberlin, ho
became acquainted with many of the young men of color who have
since become famous in the country. Among them were Messrs,
Freeman, Sidney, Loguen, Whitehorne, Day, Garnett, Cranmell,
Rogers, Vashon, Allen, and othei-s not now recollected. He gradu-
ated with tho class of 1 'S40, a member of which class was Rev.
Highland Garnet, then and ever since — till his death in Liberia, in
1882, whither ho had gone by Presidential appointment as Con-
sul to that African commonwealth— an energetic, talented, in-
fluential and greatly successful clergyman, being, from his youth,
remarkable for his oratorical ability. It is an interesting fact
that Mr. Garnet was the fii-st colored jiersou who was permitted
to sjjeak in the United States Hall of Representatives, which he
did, to a crowded asoembly, on the 12th of February, 1805. He
was Pastor of a church in ^Vashington City at the time, and their
choir also officiated upon the occasion. The spacious hall was
crammed, both upon the floor and in the galleries, and the viist
audience hung spell-bound upon his lips. One who heard the
memorable disom-se concludes an account of the remarkable
scene as follows: "It is needless to say more. Men who went
to the house to hear a colored man, came away having heard i'
man in the highest and fullest sense. Many who went there
with feelings simply of curiosity came away wrapped in aston-
ishment. Not only a man, but a great representative man, had
spoken, and they were amazed. In fact, Mi-. Garnet was tlip
finest colored orator in tho land — far superior, not, indeed, in
reasoning power, yet, in dignity and impressiveness of personal
presence, in the graces of finished oratory, and in the gi'andour
of natural and cultured eloquence, to the far-famed Fred Doug-
lass, for so many years a prominent pei-sonage before the Amer-
ican ])ublic." As stated, Ebenezer Tucker graduated in 1840
from Oneida Institute, the class numbering eleven, most of whom
are still living, after a lapse of forty-two years, but not one of
whom he has ever seen in tho flesh since the morning after the com-
mencement, when that band of earnest yoimg men took the parting
hand and sepwated to their life-work for Chi-ist and for the wel-
fare of the human race. His business has been chiefly teach-
ing, and, during the larger portion ot the more than forty years
spent in that employment, his work has been in institutions fully
and warmly open to the youth who have been guilty of the hei-
nous crime of possessing a " skin not colored like our own; " fif-
teen years Principal at Union Literary Institute; nine years
President of Liber College; and nearly four years in Straight
University, New Orleans, and at Tougaloo University, Mississippi,
bringing him thus in connection with some thousands of
young persons of color, many of whom have since become
prominent among their people and l)efore the country. And,
though still poor in pui-so, he feels rich in tho reward of the es-
teem and affection of his pupils now of the olden time, and the
conviction that his hands have been enabled to scatter seed upon
the furrows of the great world-field, which is even now yielding,
and shall, in the growing future, continue still more largely to
yield an abundant harvest for the garner of eternal life.

Rev. J. T. ^'ardeman. Nettle Creek, was born in Fayette Co.,

174

HISTORY OF KANDOLPII COUNTY.

Ind., in 1815; has had three wives — Mai'tha Jenkins, Rebecca
Jenkins and Sarah Boling — and has had eighteen childi-en. He
is a farmer, and a preacher in the United Brethren Church. He
joined the church fifty-one years ago, and has been a member of
the United Brethren forty-two years, and a minister among them
thirty-eight years. He is now Presiding Elde'- (l.S^iO). He was
once a Representative in the Legislature. Mr. Vardeman came
t« Randolph County in ISOO. He is active and prominent in his
denomination and in the community, residing northeast of
Losantville.

R. T. Wheatley, Methodist, lafe of Union City, Ind., was
bom in 1825, in Montgomery County, Ohio, and his wife in
1830, in the same county. They were married April 80, 1851,
and, in June, 1851, they removed to a farm two miles northwest
of Union City, Ind. They attended meeting at Prospect Meet-
ing-House, east of Deertield, till the summer of 1S52. At that
time, a Methodist Episcopal society was fonned at Union City.
The first members were R. T. Wheatley, Class-Leader; Sarah
Jane Wheatley, Henry M. Debolt (probationer), Martha E. De-
bolt. These were the whole class at first. John T. Farson and
wife joined in the fall, while the preacher, Rev. Colclazer, was
absent at conference, and S. L. Carter at nearly the same time.
They struggled along for awhile. Rev. Nowton followed Rev.
Colclazer, and he advised the society to disband and go back to
their former connections, there being but six members. The
next quarterly conference took away their Sabbath preaching
and gave them only night preaching. The quarterly meeting
struck a dividend and assigned the payment of their quota by
the society upon a basis of eighteen members. They had seven-
teen at the time, the average for the year having been nine.
The class met their assessment at once, which no other class in
the circuit did. The Presiding Elder said that Union Class was
bound to live anyhow, and he gave the society Sabbath preach-
ing again. Mr. Wheatley and his wife returned to Ohio in the
spring of 1859, having been privileged to see Union City Class
grown to the dignity of a station. They now reside at Dayton,
clinging still to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and striving to
do good as they have opportunity.

Rev. Willis C. Wilmoro, Baptist, White River, was born in Am-
herst Co., Va. , February 17, 1801. His mother died when he was
two years and seven months old. In two and a half years, his
father married again. They lived in Virginia, among the
mountains, till Willis was grown. In 1N22, ho came to Ross
County, Ohio, and the next year he went to Gallia County,
Ohio. In 1825, he married Sarah Love, and she is still living.
In 1825, he was licensed to preach among the Baptists. He
moved, in ]82'J, to Wayne County, Ind.; was ordained as a
preacher in June, ISHO, in old Friendship Church, Wayne
County. He had taught school one term in Virginia, and ho
also taught several terms in Ohio and Indiana. In 18;'1, Mr.
Wilmore settled among the groon beeches of Randolph, in the
southwest part of Greensfork Township. In February, 1S;52,
he was struck down with what the doctors called the "cold
plague," and ho has never walked since. In 18;i0, ho was
elected Justice of the Peace. In bs:)',), ho was chosen County
Recorder, which oflBce ho held two terms, or fourteen years.
Removing to Winchester in 1831), he was taken worse in 1848,
and was brought to his present residence, which has been his
home to this day, except one year, about 1803, at Winchester.
Until 1848, ho preached more or le.ss, but for many years from
that time he mostly ceased his labors in that field, until within
some years past. They have had nine children. One died in
infancy. Eight grew up, and have been married, and seven ai'e
living now — William H., five children, Ward Township, farmer;
Lucinda 8. (Monks), five children, White River, fai'mer; John L.,
six children, White River, farmer; Nancy A. (Adamson), ten chil-
dren, White River, fai-mer; James W., dead, two children, den-
tist; Jesse W., seven children, White River, farmer; Isaac N.,
died an infant; Benjamin F., three children, homestead, farmer;
Mary J. (Englo), one child, White River, farmer. He has been
owner of large tracts of land, having pui'chased mostly when land
was low; and, after giving every child a ffirra, he has several
hundred acres loft. In politics, he is a Republican, inclining, of

late years, to Greonbackism. He is now in his eighty-first year, a
cripple for the last fifty years, but cheerful and happy, and
otherwise healthy. His father, William Wilmore, had fourteen
children, raising thirteen of them, being a lad during the
Revolutionary war, born in 1709, He died in 1853, in Jackson
County, Ohio, aged eighty-four years. He was maiTied twice.
The name of his first wife was Nancy Hamson, and her grand-
mother died at one hundred years old. His second wife was
Susan Grissom, who died at about eighty. The children were
John H., born June 4, 17119, eleven children, died in Rockbridge
County, Va.; Willis C, born February 17, 1801, nine children,
liviiig, Randolph County, Ind.; James, born March 21, 1803,
eight children, living, Adair County, Ky. ; Hezekiah, born Jan-
uary, 1800, died an infant; Mary Ann, bom January 19, 1808,
nine children, died in Elkhart County, Ind. ; Rosaline, born May
12, 1810, died in Gallia County, Ohio; Elizabeth, born Decem-
ber 1, 1812, living in Jackson County, Ohio; Thomas, born Sep
tember 12, 1814, living in Jackson County, Ohio; Rebecca, born
July 19, 1816, living in Jackson County, Ohio; William R.,
born May 30, 1818, living in Iowa; Robert, born May 14, 1820,
living in Jackson County, Ohio; Nancy, bom February 17, 1822,
died in Jackson County, Ohio; Levi, born July 13, 1824, died
in Huntington County, Ind.;' Stephen N. , born September 9,
1820, living in Huntington County, Ind. So that the Wilmore
connection are a great flock, and have been scattered into Vir-
ginia, Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana.

Rev. Daniel Worth, Wesleyan, West River, born in North Caro-
lina in 1795; moved to Sullivan County, Ind., in 1822; Randolph
County, Ind., in 1823, He married, first, Elizabeth Swain, and
afterwai'd, Huldah (Swain) Cudi. He had eight children. Ho
was Justice many years, and was Senator and Representative for
Randolph County. He was a preacher — first, Methodist Episco-
pal, then Wesleyan, and an eai-nest Abolitionist. He was active,
impulsive, firm. Ho spent years in preaching and lecturing
upon temperance and anti-slaveiy, and it is claimed of him that
he did more of that labor during his life than any other man of
his time in the State. In his later years, he wont as a mission-
ary preacher to portions of his native State, North Carolina.
There was originally a large native anti-slavery element there,
and some of it was yet alive, and Wesleyan missionaries went to
that region and formed several Wesleyan churches. Daniel
Worth wont to preach to these churches. He was arrested and
thrown into prison, technically, for having sold or given to some-
body there a copy of '' Helper's Work," then lately published, on
the charge of inciting slaves to insurrection, the penalty for
which was death. He finally was bailed out and came away.
He died not very long after. His second wife is living still, at
Fountain City, Ind. Mr. Worth was active in the work of what
was called the Underground Railroad. He was wonderfully en-
ergetic in the work of well-doing, entering into the labors for
Christ and humanity with all his might. His first wife, Eliza-
beth Swain, was born May 27, 1798, and died May 12, 1858.
His second marriage took place May 19, 185".). His imprison-
ment lasted four months and six days. The expenses of his
prosecution were about $1,000. His death took place in Foun-
tain City, Ind., December 12, 1802. The children of Daniel and
Elizabeth Worth were these: Emily, born January 1, 1819,
died September 27, 1822; Edmund B.. born June 7, 1821, died
October 22, 1822; Emily (second), born May 0, 1824; Sarah,
born January 3, 1827; Rhoda, born October 24, 1829; William,
born February 23, 1832; Lydia, born November 1, 1834; Mary
K., born February 4, 1839. '

• J Rev. Hosea C. Tillson, of Bethel, Wayne Co , Ind., was never
a resident of Randolph, but he was a pioneer preacher of more
than fifty years ago, and much of his early work lay among the
old-time settlers of Randolph. He road a paper at a preachers'
meeting held at Spartansburg, Randolph Co., Ind., February 2,
1882 (by the Disciples), and from that essay we take an abstract
containing reminiscences of great interest fi-om an eye witness
and actual worker in the enterprise of evangelizing the wilder- -
ness and planting the Gospel among the forest pioneers in this
region. Mr. Tillson says: •"The outfit of a pioneer preacher was
a large supply of the love of God shed abroad in his heart by

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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

175

the Holy Spirit, a pocket Bible, a hymn book, a horse, a pair of
saddle-bags and a lai'ge cape overcoat to keep warm in winter
and to shed rain in summer, tied on behind the saddle when not
needed. He took no umbrella, because it could not be used riding
through the thick woods."

Mr. T. began to serve in the ministry in 1880. He preached
first at Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio, traveling to Cincinnati and
Kentucky, crossing the river again at Aurora, Dearborn Co.,
Ind., and going thence to Wayne County, preaching and also
working at his trade as a cooper.

In 1830, he first preached in Randolph County. He says:
" A small settlement had been formed on the Little Mississinewa,
fom- miles north of where Union City now is. My old school-
teacher and other friends had moved up there into the woods.
James Wickersham, James Skinner and Thomas Wiley were
among them. I preached there to twenty persons, which was all
there were in the neighborhood. " Returning home through New-
burg (Spartansburg), he left an appointment to preach there, in
June, which he fulfilled. Some of the Friends had moved to Fort
Wayne, and he was invited to visit that place, which he accom-
plished in August, making a three days' horseback ride through
the wilderness, and thence six miles down the river, where the
meeting was held in a cabin on the banks of the stream. He
says: '"On Sunday morning, large canoes came sailing on the
river, loaded with people, and landed near, filling the cabin. One
woman asked for immersion. Her request was granted, which
was supposed to be the first baptism in the waters of the beauti-
ful Maumee." Returning, scarce of money, he fed on blackber-
ries and baited his horse on the wild grass, and, at other times,
he ate black haws, thinking of John the Baptist and his ' ' locusts
and wild honey."

He continued his visits to the settlement north of Union City,
in 1837, accompanied by the two Harlans, and, in 1838, began
to baptize into the faith of Jesus. The settlement had increased
and a cabin would not hold the people, and the men made a
booth of bushes at the cabin door, with fence rails for seats,
while the preachers' horses stood tied to the trees, eating corn
brought in their saddle-bags. We quote again, in substance:
' ' The first week in January, 1 840, the meeting was held in
Thomas Wiley's hewed-log house before his large log-heap fire.
Brother Wiley cut the ice a foot thick, and, in a heavy snow storm,
we baptized James Wickersham and his wife and some others, and,
at night, several more by the light of hickory bark torches, thus
getting both my suits of clothes wet, but Sister Wiley had them
well dried by morning. In the spring of 1842, we ordained
Thomas Wiley and Charles Smith Elders of the church there by
the laying on of hands." In 1840, he was called by Jonathan
Thomas to preach at his new saw-mill, on Clear Creek, east of
Deerfield, at which place he continued to preach for three years
with much success. He preached also at Brook's Creek, in Jay
County, and at Petersburg and Walnut Corner, Randolph County.

South Salem, Springboro (north of Lynn), etc., were begun
about the same time. He states : ' ' We were called to Joel Howe' s
cabin, in the edge of the big woods west of Spartansburg, in the
summer of 1839. An acre was cleared, a loose plank floor was in
the cabin, but the cracks were not stopjied. A large sycamore
gum stood near, with a hole cut in one side for a smoke-house.
The first two meetings, not more than eight persons were present,
but in the early winter, at the third or fourth appointment, the
house was so full of people that we could scarce get in. They
had come from the settlements south out of curiosity. But the
Lord was there in the power of the Spirit, and tears flowed freely.
At night, we preached at Davis' Schoolhouse, south of Spartans-
burg, to a crowded house."

Shortly afterwai'd, at the same house, and at Brother Silas
Davis' dwelling, two meetings were held at the same hour by
Brothers Valentine Harlan and Tillson, and two brethren, John
Starling and Nathan Hedgepeth, were baptized at Davis' Spring.
"Soon after that, Bethpage Meeting-House was built and a great
work spread through all that region. * * * i ^m the last
one of the pioneer preachers left on the shores of time in these
parts, and I am 'only waiting till the shadows are a little
longer gi-own.' " Mr. T. baptized many believers, some years

more than 200. He says in his paper: " The old horse was dead
long ago. The old saddle was torn up in 1843 (when I was out
with Brother Franklin), but here is the old saddle-bags and
Father Harlan's old hymn-book, like the one I had, and here is
the old cape overcoat; and last, and best of all, here is the old
backwoods preacher in good health and with as warm a heart for
the prosperity of Zion as he had fifty yeare ago."

Mr. Tillson's description of the bluff' pioneers, who were the
agents in God's hand for causing the beginning of the Gospel of
the Kingdom in those wildernesses is very ijuaint and striking:

" Joel Howe, taking his little sorrel mare with rope rein
bridle and sheep-skin saddle, and going to Bethel (eight miles)
one Sunday morning dressed in home-spun clothes of flax and
tow, with straw hat and feet all bare, was the angel of mercy
appointed to be the herald of salvation that should open the gates
of the New Jerusalem to that infant community. James Wicker-
sham and James Skinner, two poor brethren coming down to
Whitewater to buy breadstuff, urged me to come up on tho
Little Mississinewa and break to their famishing souls the bread
of eternal life. Sister Nancy Leabo, at Wnlnut Comer, whose
husband died, leaving her to struggle on in poverty and want.
called me there to preach his funeral. Jonathan Thomas, in his
shanty built of rough plank, urged me to come and speA the
words of heavenly consolation to himself and his neighbors, cast
of Deerfield. The meetings there were held, first in a Metho-
dist brother's cabin, then at the saw-mill, the men seated on the
logs in the mill-yard like pigeons in the trees. When preaching
on Bear Creek, northwest of Winchester, Brother James Level
and wife came on horseback nine miles to meeting on Sunday
morning, returning at evening. Souls were ' hungry for the
Word ' in those times and would endure hardships to reach the
spots of blessing, where stood the servants of Christ to feed the
eager, waiting crowds with the bread furnished from the Mas-
ter's hand." Mr. T. is now (1882) about seventy-eight years old.

OHAPTEE XII.

EDUCATION.

iNKBAL— Association— Seminary— Union LiTEUAuv iNSTiTUTt:
—Normal Schools— In.stitutes — Teachers' Association—
FuNHS— Schools— Statistics— Piti V ATE Schools— TuusTEE.s--
Music—liECTURES-SuNDAY .Schools— LiBEARiKS.

THE pioneers of Randolph were but poorly situated for edu-
cation. Many of them came from North Carolina, where
schools were few and far between. Still, even there, especially
among the Friends, some schools were to be found, and it was
not long after the early settlers had planted themselves in these
woods till they began to jjrovide, as they could, for the enlight-
enment of the rising generation. During the second year of
their residence in their new homes, the first group of pioneers
had erected a building, for the double purpose of the worship of
God and the instruction of youth. In fact, these two things
have been, in American history, almost inseparably connected.
All through the country, both in New England and the Sunny
South, as well in the distant West as in the central East, on
the rugged hillsides or in the smiling valleys, either the religious
meeting was held in the schoolhouse, or the school was ' ' kept "
in the church. For it has been constantly a feature of the
Christian religion to welcome and to foster knowledge and in,
telligence. And not seldom it has happened that the school and
the church have waited for neither schoolhouse nor meeting- house,
but have established themselves around the very hearths of the
settlers. Some wife and mother, more intelligent than the rest,
who, in her bright and sunny girlhood beyond the Eastern
mountains, had outstripped her rivals in reading and spelling,
and who had not forgotten her learning, would " set up a school ''
in her own cabin and receive the attendance of the children of
her neighbors, and, amid her household cares, find time for the

176

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

additional labor incident to the giving of instruction. Kude, in-
deed, .according to the modem standard, were these backwoods
schools. The houses, the fixtures, the books, were all of the
simplest, plainest, most inexpensive kind. A pole cabin hastily
erected vma good enough for the building. 8plit saplings, with
legs inserted in auger holes at each end, answered for the soats;
puncheons were amply sufficient for the floor and the door, and
for the writing desks as well, laid against the wall upon pins
driven into boles bored in the logs of the cabin; a dirt heai-th
and clay jambs (or no jambs at all), and a stick and dirt chim-
ney, were "just the thing'' to hold the piles of wood, and lead
ofif into the upper air the smoke from the huge fires that gave
meager warmth tp the shivering urchins hovering around them;
the light made its struggling way through "sheets of greased
paper" pasted over a space made by leaving out a log along the
whole side of the house. Great fires were kept up against the
rude back walls by wood supplied in abundance from the sur-
rounding forest, since the older boys would chop and ciirry for
the purpose all needed fuel from day to day at morning or at
noon. Books were few and various. A Dilworth's or a Web-
ster's spelling book, a Testament, a Murray's English Header,
or a "Sequel," or possibly some stray history, or (piestion- and- an-
swer geography, the Life of Washington or Franklin, or what
not, would suffice for a reader; Talbot or Pike, or some still
older textbook, on arithmetic, or a slate and pencil itself alonn,
answered for teaching " figgers,'' while for writing, an inkstand
filled with the juice of pokeberry, or oak bark, or witch hazel
boiled with copperas, a goose-quill picked up in the fence comer
or plucked from the wing of a goose, a pewter plummet for rul-
ing the coarse and heavy paj>er, and possibly a ruler itself, whit-
tled and smoothed from a piece of straight hickory or sugar tree,
and in one case in fifty, mayhap, a bona fide pen-knife. These
things, some or all of them, made the happy school-boy prouder
than a king's son.

Such appliances for school improvement seem to the present
generation to be worthless, and tit only to be laughed at; yet it
is a fact worthy of food for serious reflection that, by those prim-
itive methods, the active, enterprising, energetic, successful men
and women of the past and the present, the fathers and the
grandfathers of the young people of to-day, who possibly despise
those rude and ancient times; that by such rough and rugged
discipline as this did they gain the knowledge and the training
which make them what they are and have been. Some of the
most intelligent of the present elder generation never went to
school a day in their lives in a schoolhouso that contained a
single pane of glass. And the fact is adapted to humble our
pride in the gay and costly things which modern extravagance
furnishes to assist in "teaching the young idea how to shoot,"
inasmuch as the products of those meager instrumentalities seem
in many respects superior to the results which, coming from our
grand and magnificent palaces, sacred to learning and improve-
ment, we do now behold. So tiue it is, though the fact is little
realized nor ai>prociated that education is accomplished, not by
teachers nor by books, nor by splendid and costly houses and
appliances, but by earnest, persistent ))er8onHl action, by con-
stant, laborious, thorough self-development. The poet says,
"Who would be free, themselves must strike the blow,'' and the
same truth holds in all human results. Who would be wise, or
great, or good, himself must work out the gi-and result. God
and friends and nature may aid, may furnish power and genius
and opportunity, but the work itself can si)ring alone from the
head and heart of him who desires the sublime consummation.
At Arba and at Jericho, the first scholars were taught in ])ole-
cabin meeting-houses. In Jackson Township, the first was had
in the house of a settler, and taught by his worthy wife. In
some places, rough buildings were erected on puriKjse for schools,
while not seldom," other edifices, as empty dwellings, old field
cabins, or even stal)les themselves, wore fitted up, and the chil-
dren were gathered therein and taught the rudiments of an En-
glish education.

Laughable, indeed, were some of the attempts at school-
keeping in those old-time "woods colleges." In many cases,
"readin' and spellin' " were the limits of what the school-master

dared to undertake. And the books and the classes — they were
wonderful in their variety. Whatever a jJupil brought, that
he used; and no high-fangled teacher nor nosing school committee
interfered to "shut down" on the pleasure of parents or of pu-
pils; but, as in the days of Israel of old, " every one did that which
was right in bis own eyes." It might chance, indeed, that a
presuming youth, fresh from the schools of "Yankee Land,"
(though such an event was almost never known), would venture,
with his armful of books, to enter the school-room door, think-
ing that his " Yankee books " would surely " pass muster '' " out
West" But no; the teacher would examine briefly, and bluntly
say, " Themar books ain't no use — take 'em home and keep 'em
thar."

One of the prominent men of the county gives an amusing
experience in this respect. His parents had just come to the
West from "Old Massachusetts." The boy, perhaps, ten or
twelve years old, marched proudly to the sylvan temple of wis-
dom, with his armful of New England books — Colbnrn's Mental
Arithmetic and Adams' New Arithmetic, those mathematical
gems of olden time; Greenleafs Grammar, Goodrich's Header
(perhaps). Smith's Geography, etc. The t:eacher, a long, lank,
gaunt, ungainly fellow, rapped on the window. The children
suddenly cea-sed playing, and, crying, "It's books! it's books;"
ran pell-mell into the log schoolhouse. School began. The
teacher came along, eying askance the formidable pile of books;
and fingering the one that lay on toj) — "Old Zerah Colbum,"
he opened the volume, and, leafing it over awhile, broke out,
' ' Boy, take that ar book home and toll your ' pap ' to burn it up.
The man what made it did not know what he was about, and
couldn't do his own sums." (The work has no answers). Tak-
ing up the grammar, he said, ' ' That seems like it mought be a
good enough book, but grammar ain't toached here, and you kin
take that homo too." Next came Adams' New Arithmetic, at
that time one of the best text-books on arithmetic in existence.'
Turning the leaves over one by one, ho drawled out, at length.
" This is some better; the man knows how to do about half his
sums. But see here; take that ar Ijook home too, and tell your
' pap ' to send Pike's or Talbot's 'Rethmetic. Them's the kind
we use." And so with the rest He made a clean sweep of the
books, and the poor, crest-fallen boy, chagrined beyond measure
that his " Yankee books " had thus summarily passed under utter
condemnation, went homo at night (or perhaps at noon) and
made report to his astonished father of the rece])tion which had
been accorded to the books he had so proudly luggetl to school
in the morning.

But there were good teachers even then, and the memory of
some is still preserved, and their work remains, and will still
grow and incirease for ages yet to coma The proverb is, " Good
teacher, good school," or again, " Like master, like scholar," and
in some cases, even in these rough and unsightly edifices, in spite
of every obstacle, and notwithstanding every drawback, teaching
work was accomplished, the methods and the results of which
would not disgrace the finest and the most costly modern school
edifice in the land.

Notwithstanding the wise and substantial foundations laid
in the original constitution of Indiana, there appears to have arisen
in the commonwealtli a kind of jealousy against what were call
the rich, for fear they might get more than their share of school
advantages; and so, in the constitution of LSf)], the county sem-
inaries wore killed, and the funds which had been previously
devoted to their support were transferred to the public common
school fund. This would seem to have been unwise, since the
aid thereby rendered to the general fund would bo almost in-
finitesimal, while yet, under the arrangements of the old consti-
tution, a seminary might by that means have been kept in effi-
cient working order.

Yet so it was, and the seminary, as a county institution, fell
under the condemnation of the dear people, and was obliged to
cease thereafter forever to be.

The first association for educational purposes in Randolph
County, so fai- as now known, was formed by a company of en-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

terprising gentlemen of Winchester and vicinity (as appears by
the books of the County Recorder) in 1827. Their names were
as follows: Thomas Wright, Jr., William Wright, Paul W.
Way, Abner Overman, David Heaston, Caleb Odle, Thomas
Hanna, Jonathan Hiatt, Jehu Robinson, David Haworth, Aaron
Dolby, John Odle, John B. Wright, Jonathan Hiatt, Sr., Albert
Banta, James Davis, Jonathan Edwards. William Edwards, John
Wright, Jacob Porson, David Wright.

The record is as stated below:

"We, the undersigned, citizens of the State of Indiana and
of Randoljih County, being aware of tho importance of school
education, do mutually covenant and agree to and with each
other, to form ourselvas into a society, under tho name of the
Winchester School Association, and to elect out of our Iwdy threo
Trustees to manage the business of tho society. August 21,
1827."

Paul W. Way was chosen Secretary, but who were made
Trustees does not appear.

This movement would seem creditable on the part of the citi-
zens of Winchester. Eight years or less only had elapsed since
that town had been staked out in the heavy, ivnbrokon forest,
and very few families had yet made their homes in that village
in the woods, so that most of the jiorsons named must have re-
sided outside the town.

It would have been a matter of interest to have discovered
the record of the proceedings of this association, that we might
have known, who live in these latter days, what those worthy
pioneers were able to accomplish. But no record is known to be
extant, and we can only conjecture their action.

Bfforo the new constitution of 18")!, the school system of In-
diana was chiefly in embryo. Many of the school sections were
sold only between 1840 and l8r)(>. and schools were few, and
mostly not very efficient. Nearly all the schools were supported
(and very poorly, at that) by subscription. Some of these select
schools, indeed, were not inefficient; and it is confidently claimed,
and probably not without some degree of truth, that the rate of
progi-ess in those early places of instruction was far greater than
in the ordinai'y general schools of tho present day. Tho reasons
of the fact (if it be one) are not hard to bo found.

One thing was provided for under tho old constitution, in-
tleed, and, to a great extent, carried out, in the establishment of
county seminaries, which might well have been suffered to re-
main, even to the jiresent day. Almost every young man, and
young woman as well, of that former time, who, later in life, has
approved himself as a man of mark, was helped to start in tho
race of usefulness and renown in those same despised and re-
jected county seminaries. And, had they been continued and
maintained in their true spirit, and according to the ideal of
their establishment, they would have stood to-day, in gennral
efficiency for the improvement of the whole community, far above
anything which the modern graded school or high school of the
villages and cities has been able to accomplish. But in tho con-
vention of 1850, stinginess, or, to express tho thing still more
exactly, penny-wisdom and poundfoolishno.ss, prevailed, and tho
seminaries were slaughtered.

The ])oor man cut off his own nose to spite his face, and, for
foar some rich man's son might chance to go to school at the
seminar}', the poor cut themselves off from ovory possible ojipor-
tunity of higher education which had been within their reach.
Rich men, indeed, could do without tho seminaries, since they
could send their children far away, if need bo; but the poor man
could not. Their opportunity must be noiir at hand, or it can
avail them nothing. And thus it would have been.

The county seminary, established by public aid, and fostered
and strengthened by private as woU as public favor and support,
would have been, as it wore, a moans of higher education, con-
stantly within tho reach of every youth who should have the
least desire to break forth from the dungeons of ignorance into
the light and freedom of wisdom and intelligence; and the poor
would have availed themselves of the opportimity fai' oftenor
than the rich.

But so it was. Demagogism prevailed, and the hen that laid
the golden egg was killed, and, as in tho old Grecian fable,
nothing was found to reward the slaughterers for their murder-
ous deed: so in this case no good was accomplished for the com-
mon schools to waiTant the wholesale and remorseless extinction
of the obnoxious county seminaries.

Tho same spirit that killed the seminaries ruled for a long
time, and checked and choked tho rising desire for learning; so
that, for years, aided by the preposterous decision of tho Su-
preme Court, comnuinities were forbidden to tax themselves for
the education of their own children. Tho idea that people can
empower their trastees to levy taxes at discretion, under a con-
stitution that forbids them to do the same thing themselves, is
ridiculous enough. But such was the sjjirit of the time in high
places. And while money could be spent in all manner of non-
sense, none could be expended in raising the public mind out of
darkness into light, and in chasing away the evils and cui'ses at-
tending ever upon ignorance and vice. I venttire an opinion
that it is as unconstitutional to-day to empower Trustees or
Commissioners to use their discretion in taxation as it is or was
for the people at large to be allov.'ed to do the same thing. But
the old-fogy decisions of a dark age could not kill, though they
did seriously check, the rising spirit of knowledge, nor wholly
restrain the advancing public sentiment of the era; and so the
body of tho people pay ivngnidgingly enormous taxes for the sup-
port of schools for the whole people. Though the methods of
application may be, perhaps, susceptible of improvement, yet
the public mind of the time feels an eagerness for knowledge and
a determination to raise high the standard of intelligence. Es-
pecially are the poor beginning to see that, if the rich are will-
ing to tax themselves for the elevation of the masses it is not for
them, the poor, to complain or object, since the measure is simply
and almost wholly for the special benefit of the poor themselves.
It has been claimed for years, that, notwithstanding the ancient
drawbacks, Indiana has tho best school system in the United
States. This boast may bo founded on fact, or it may not. One
thing, at least, is true, that her schools of to-day are immeasm--
ably superior to those of fifty or even thirty years ago. Some-
where in this volume may bo found a racy sketch of a "woods
school " in Randolph County, taught by no less a personage than
Hon. N. Cadwallader, late Senator, and banker of Union City,
Ind., said school taught by oiu" worthy fellow-citizen in tho year
of grace 1845, only thirty-five years ago. But tho sketch is so
rich that' it will bear reproducing, and we will tell tho story
again, partly in his own words;

"I taught in an old log building in a clearing. It had onco
boasted a (clay and puncheon) tire-place and a stick chimney;
but the house at that time had neither, for the chimney and fire-
place were wholly gone, and the end of the house was all open.
The books were anything that the parents happened to have at
hand at the time — Bible, Testament, Marion, Washington, Frank-
lin, si>elling book, Murray's Sequel, or anything else; and each
one used whatever he brought, be it what it might. School-book
uniformity was not in vogue then in that institution, but glorious
liberty wiis the order of the day. Of com'so, classification was
out of the ([uestion, but each urchin was head (and foot, too) of

In discipline, Mi'. Cadwallador was unique. One day, he had
four undergoing, all at onco, on the puncheons, the solemn pen-
alty of violated law. Two were standing face to face, with a
stick split at each end, and one end snapped on each boy's nose.
One had been thrown astride of a naked joist-pole overhead,
while a fourth was stationed, with his hands behind his back and
his nose plump up to the wall. Was not all that a sight? The
State can never know how great is her loss in not having appoint-
ed Mr. C. State School Superintendent, for that original bent
of genius would have wi-ought wonders ere this in the line of
methods of instniction. of architecture, of discipline, of amuse-
ment. At any rate, such was "school-keeping" thirty-five years
ago in our own beloved Randolph, full thirty-one years after its
first settlement. Verily, the world moves. Doubtless our schools
yet need " reconnoitering,"' still they are by no means what they
"used to was'' in the " auld lang since ago." Hence we may

178

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

thank. God for the tokens of advancement that we behold, and
take courage and hope for the future. Forty, and even thirty
years ago, the •' select school" was the glorj-of the hour. Some
active, earnest man would gather around him the aspiring minds
of a neighlx)rhood, and ho would have a school indeed.

We very much question whether the ones we now have could
begin to rival those glorious old-time assemblages called "select
schools,'' where every pupil had paid his tuition, and was bent
on getting the worth of his money. They needed no spurring for-
ward. Everybody was going at the top of his bent. All that
could be done was to " hold to the sled, guide it and let it go."
We have often heard men remark, in later years, that their chil-
dren did not learn half so much in a given time as they used to
do in their boyhood and youth. The statement, when made by
one of the ambitious spirits referred to above, is true. The
boys could go to school only a few days, or a month or two, and
they would study with all their might. The "individual"
method, so much in vogue in former years, has its bright as well
as its dark side; for a high-spirited youth, all alone, with none
to hinder him, would sometimes go half through the " rethmetic "
in six weeks, or even less. We have ourselves known a class of
six go through "Kay's Higher" in twelve weeks. Now, that
was work! It did not take ten years to get " through the pro-
gramme," for the young man would not start till sixteen or eight-
een years old, and in ten years from that time he would be mar-
ried and have a family, and would have cleared up forty acres of
land. Young folks used to study as for a race; and it did not
hurt them, either; they did not stay at it long enoxxgh to hurt
anybody.

But the subscription school, and the select school, and the pay
school, have mostly had their day, and have given way to the
public free school, and now the poorest can go as freely as the
richest. Forty years ago, there existed in the Hoosier State
only the two helps to get "out of the chimney corner" — the
select school and the county seminar}' — chiefly the latter. Ask
any prominent man now of from fifty to sixty years of age how
he got his education, and he will tell you, " In the chimney cor-
ner," topped off by a term in some select school or county semi-
nary. Aid, as a matter of fact, more poor country lads like
"Our Cad " or " Our Tom" attended the county seminary than
rich ones did. It is the "poor chaps" all over the coimtiy that
make men and women of themselves by going to school. Rich
young people are forced to attend, and come out dunces all the
same. A poor orjjhan lad, who knows he has nothing but his
hands and his brains and his grit to go on, studies as though he
were mauling rails by the job, and by and by he comes out at the

By the original constitution of Indiana, a seminary fund was
created. Certain moneys, among which wore fines, forfeitiu-es;
etc., were devoted to this purpose. A seminary was to be built
in each county, and the fund was to be applied in that way.

The first record which has been found of action as to the sem-
inary for Randolph County ia dated May 7, IHMU, and is as follows:

"At a called meeting of the Trustees of the County Seminary
of Randolph County, on the 7th day of May, 18;l!», present.
Hiram Mendenhall, John J. Peacock and Edmund B. Goodrich:

" Ordered, That Carey S. Goodrich be appointed Clerk of
the Board.

' ' Ordered, That E. B. Goodrich be appointed Treasurer,
and that he call on Zachariah Puckett, late Trustee of the County
Seminary, for all books, notes, bonds, papers and moneys in his
hands as Trustee aforesaid; and that the said Edmund B. Good-
rich rej)ort to this board at their next meeting.

" The board hath this day conditionally purchased of David
Heaston a lot in the town of Winchester for the purj^se of erect-
ing a county seminaiy, the aforesaid purch.ise subject to the
supervision of the County Commissioners."

And then the board adjourned until Monday, the 14th inst.

Hiram Mendenhall, Carey S. Goodrich (Clerk). John J. Pea-
cock, Edmund B. Goodrich, Seminary Building Trustees.

Board met May 14, ]8:«).

Considered that the fund at command is not large enough to
warrant the erection of a county seminary; therefore,

" Ordered, That the funds be loanetl so as to be due May 1,
1840."

Board met February 29, 1840, and voted to commence the
erection of a county seminary, and they directed George AV.
Goodrich to draft a plan for a building, with dimensions as fol-

Size, 35x47) feet; tii-st floor at least three feet from the earth;
first story, twelve feet in the clear; second story, ten feet in the
clear.

Board met March 13, 1840, and ordered the house to be only
one story.

Board met March 18, 1840, and directed advertisements for
bids for building the seminary, to be put up at Winchester,
Windsor, Spartausbiu-g, Mendenhall's Mill and Deerfield.

House to be finished by May 1, 1841, and to be built of brick.

Board met April 10, 1840, and let the erection of the build-
ing to George W. Moore for $2,300, that being the lowest bid,
and ordered that $20 be paid George W. Goodrich for draft ar,':
specifications.

June 1, 1841, board met, and voted to borrow from the sur-
plus revenue fund .f 1,000, under a law then lately passed.

June 10, 1841, board ordered the letting of two jobs: 1.
Digging well, erecting pump, building privies and leveling yard.
2. Making and fixing forty-nine desks in the school-room. Both
jobs were to be done by October 1, 1841.

June 10, 1841, board met, opened bids, and let the jobs as
follows: First, to George W. Goodrich, for $170; second job,
to Ernest Strome, for $124.

December 18, 1841,'tfoard met and accepted, with some slight
reservations, the seminary, and ordered the contractor to be paid
for the same, $2,200.

January 1, 1842, board met and adopted rules for the care of
the school building and other property, and for the behavior of
the students.

The rules adopted were quite precise and somewhat strict, e. g. :

Section 1.— Be it ordained that any person or pereons who
shall break any glass or shall break any locks, hinges or latches,
or break or lose any keys, or any of the sash, cords or pulleys, or
springs, or .shall tear any of the curtains of the windows, shall
be fined as follows:

For each glass, 7)0 cents; for each lock broken or key lost, !?4;
for each latch or hinge broken, 50 cents; for each light or sash
broken, 50 cents; for each pulley cord broken or torn loose, 25
cents; for each pulley spring broken, 37 cents; for each tearing
window curtain, 37 cents; for injuring desks, seats, etc., not
above 50 cents for the first offense, to be doubled for any subse-
quent offense ; for scratching the wall, etc., not over $3 ; for
breaking or injm-ing the gates or fences, not above 50 cents, t.j
be doubled upon repetition; for injuring trees or shrubbery, noL
above $1, doubled for repetition.

The studies allowed were orthography, reading, writing, arith-
metic. English grammar, geography, algebra, geometry, survey-
ing, philosophy, chemistry and Latin.

March term, 1842, Seminary Trustees' report to the Board of
County Commissioners as below:

Receijits, $3,145.<t2 ; expenditures, $2,857.82; balance on
hand, $287.20.

August 30, 1842, board ordered payment to George D. Moore,
.^200 for building the seminary.

The seminary opened in the spring of 1842, imder the charge
of Prof. James S Farris.

Mr. Farris was an acceptable teacher, and the school grew
and prospered under his instruction. He remained several years,
and was succeeded by Rev. Thomas Spencer.

Mr. Spencer continued for several years, and his successor
was Prof. E. P. Cole, who retained connection for three or four
years. During his administration, much was done in prociu-ing
library, apparatus, etc. , for the use of the school, which, how-
over, was all sold back to him in liquidation of debts due him
as Principal of the seminary.

The school, on the whole, was flourishing and prosperous,
and did excellent service in furnishing the opportuni^ of higher
education to the youth of the county and the region.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

179

Tlie county seminary plan would seem, indeed, to have been
a wise provision, and might well have been continued. Under
the constitution of 1851, however, the county seminaries were
closed, the property sold, and the avails applied to the general
school fund.

During their existence very many youth were aided in their
efforts after knowledge. Most who have been prominent since
that time, who were then in their youth, attended the seminai-y
more or less.

Schools were kept for awhile in the building by private enter-
prise, but it was finally sold by the Trustees and employed as a
woolen factory by the Carter Brothers, and afterward by another
as a wagon shop.

The instructions given in that institution were of a kind of
which those who gave them had no need to be ashamed. Modern
educators appear to imagine that before them was nothing, and
aEter them shall be -what? And echo answers, What? Yet it
is nevertheless true that the methods practiced and the results
obtained by the gentlemen who presided over the labors of that
seminary in those early years were good enough even for an age
so fastidious and boastful as the present.

One instance must bo given to show that the teachers in
Winchester Seminary knew how to perform thorough work, and
to make the pupils do the same.

It was the custom in that school-and not by any means a
bad one, either — to have classes examined separately, and when-
over any class might chance to be ready, and the.n to call upon a
teacher of the region to conduct the examination. An arithmetic
class was ready, and a neighboring Professor was summoned to
the work of finding out how much that particular group of j'oung-
sters knew about " figures." The method of examination was this:

The subject of arithmetic, as found in " Ray's Third Part,"
was divided into topics. Each topic was presented under sub-
heads, adapted to bring out fully and clearly its true natiu'e, and
the mutual relation of each to all the rest.

Slips of paper were prepared, each containing the matters
belonging to a distinct topic. The class was numbered, and the
Professor, knowing no pupil in the class, assigned to them by
number the topics, simply by chance. Each pujiil took his topic,
and, with no opportunity for preparation by textbook or other-
wise, going to the board, put the needful work thereupon, and,
when his time came, explained, in a clear and connected manner,
the whole subject assigned him (or her, since several of the class
were females). No questions were asked: none were needed.
The examiner merely sat and listened. In fact, the subjects
were presented so clearly, so fully, so exhaustively, that, as the
Professor sat gazing on their work, and hearing their recitations
and explanations, the lines of Goldsmith, adapted, might be ap-
plied:

And still lie gazed, as still the wonder grew,
How that bright clas.s had mastered all they knew.

He had witnessed and conducted many examinations before,
as he has done many since, and some that were by no means poor
nor unworthy; yet he is, in candor, obliged to declare, that, for
completeness, for thoroughness, for clearness and uniformity of
knowledge, for absence of failure, for lack even of hesitation on
the part of the pupils concerned, for excellence in general and
in particular, that performance stands unrivaled within liis
knowledge. Some dozen pupils were in the class, but not a poor
one among them all. Half-grown boys and timid girls alike stood
the test, and went through their work calmly, smilingly and tri-
umphantly. The author would be glad to rex;ord the names of
the members of that class as a slight t<.iken of admiration for
their instructor and themselves, as he feels sure that a group
who, in boyhood and youth, could pass si' heroically such an ex-
amination as that to which they, on that eventful day, submitted
themselves, could not fail, in the coming yeai-s, to be otherwise than
" men and women of mark" in the life struggle into which they
were so soon compelled to plunge. But the examiner knew not then
whom he was examining, nor does he know to this day. All
honor to the faithful, earnest, enthusiastic, laborious, successful
insti-uctors of that olden time. By the Great Teacher it was said,
thousands of years ago, '"By their fruits ye shall know them,"

and well and confidently may the educators of " auld langsyne"
ajjpeal to the apparent, unquestionable results of their laborious
energy in triumphant vindication of their faithfulness, and of
their wisdom and their practical skill as well, in the department
of instruction.

After some years of pioneer school work, a new aid to educa-
tion arose in the county in the shape of the Union Literary In-
stitute, neai- Spai-tansburg, and literally "in the woods." There
was the green stump of a liuge oak, four feet through, not ten
feet from the school room door; and the immense tree trunk lay
there, prostrate, just as it fell, with its huge body for the chil-
dren to run on, and to play over and across. And the boarding
house stood above several green stumps, whose trunks had been
removed to make room for the house.

Prof. Tucker, its first Principal, and his goods, had been
brought from Central Ohio, 100 miles, in big open wagons, by
two teamsters from Wayne County, Itid., who went clear through
by land to bring the young Professor, his wife and their infant
child, and his few household goods, all lonely and solitary, into
the Indiana woods; and to that hewed- log sehoolhouse in the for-
est, and to the boarding house, made of timbers cut and hewed
wholly from the green woods, with home-shaved shingles and
studding split, like rails, from a tree, with rafters and sleepers
and joists all hewed from logs, made ready with the broad- ax,
the Hoosier and the Buckeye lads and lasses begaatocome; and,
as years rolled, they came still more and more, and. during eight
years and more, nearly five hundred persons from many counties
and several States were at some time members of the institute.

And, as those days come up in memory, and the picture of
those old-time scenes is renewed, the question presses. Why did
those young men and maidens flock into that boarding house,
working for their daily food, and living almost literally on bread
and water at that? And the more one thinks, the more the won-
der grows. Why did they come? But come they did, and for
eight long, but happy and fruitful, years, did the work of that
school goon, under the shadow of the wilderness, till, from sheer
exhaustion, the Professor gave up his task, and pushed still far-
ther west upon the untrodden i)rairie, feeling that not for the
best farm in the West would he repeat the labors of those eight
years, since he felt literally worn out. And well he might be.
For months his days were spent thus: One recitation at home
before breakfast; at 7 A. M., algebra and geometry before school;
at 8 A. M., school began, and classes recited solid, without in-
termiission, till 12 or 12:80; school 1 P. M., and recitations solid
again till 0 P. M., sometimes two at once; and then at homo,
thi-ough the evening, till ',) P. M.. classes in his own room, mak-
ing fully twelve hotu-s of solid teaching every day. This labor
went on day after day and night after night for months and
months. Not seldom would two classes come forward at once,
and both would be put through their " paces " at the same time.
It was once said of him by a friend that he could hear three
classes, explain a problem in algebra and read the newspaper all
at the same time. This, of course, was a ten-ible exaggeration,
but the labor undergone during some of those years in that for-
est college was " fearful." These lines are written to-day not in
the least by way of boasting, but simply to give the present gen-
oration some faint idea of the way in which were laid, in days
gone by, the foundations of knowledge and wisdom in the Ran-
dolph woods. But the years fled apace, and the last day came,
and the farewell word was spoken, and that dear old spot was left
to the care of other men; and those pioneer days are gone, and
cabins and hewed- log buildings are used as schoolhouses no more.
And the teacher of to-day may be glad that it is so, yet he may
beware not to despise those low and humble beginnings, for truly,
unless those old things had been in those years long ago, when
this whole region was a wilderness, the present happy and better
times could never have come to pass. The change, indeed, is
wondrous; from a rude log cabin, with rough puncheon floor and
split-pole seatB, with gieased-paper cracks for light, puncheon
desks against the wall, and hxige fire places, with heaps of wood
piled on, sled length, and roaring in full blaze on the hearth,
and $7 a month, to the comforts and even luxuries of to-day,

18

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

with the princely wages that now prevail. Forty years ago, it
was no uncommon thing for a teacher to go to his school-room
by sun-up, and to begin to teach, even at that early hour, tliose
who were already in waiting to take up the labors of the day.
Eight hoiu's were the regular and expected time, and that whole
time had to bo spent, and not seldom, ten. and even twelve hours
were put in each day in the work of the school -room.

And all this for the mere pittance that now would hardly
BuflBce to pay a boy to watch a gap in the fence!

But the question remains still unanswered — Why did those
students in those old times flock to that hewed-log schoolhouse
in the Indiana woods?

The answer, however, is easj-. A fountain of knowledge had
been opened iu the wilderness, and these young people were
thirsting after wisdom, and they came to slake that burning
thirst

They were determined to rise, and they pressed eagerly for-
ward to seize the means put into their hands for that purpose.

Ah! to teach in those by-gone times was a pleasure, rather
than a buiden.

So anxious, so eager, so earnest were they all, that theiinstractor
could wish the day to be forty hours long, that he might [have
time enough to teach his longing, hungry pupils all they desired
to learn.

No urging heedless dunces, no pushing, no forcing, were
needed. The eager students, hungry for knowledge, had to be
hold back, to be restrained, lest they should study themselves to
death.

One feature of this institution, unique for those times, was
that no distinction was made for race nor color nor sex. Black
and red and yellow and white, male and female, have from the
very beginning, even to the present hour, been welcomed without
distinction to its advantages.

Established by the munificence, chiefly, of some Anti-slavery
Friends, and managed by a board chosen from several religious
denominations, and of both colors, race prejudice and class favor-
itism have been utterly banished from its walls. Even the dis-
tinction of sex, on which is founded, throughout the land, so
widely varying systems and methods of training, made no differ-
ence here. Whatever a boy had to do, that a girl had to do.
And the same practice the same instructor has maintained
through more than forty yoai-s of his life, spent in the business
of teaching. His motto was and is, " Give to each and all the
best possible chance, and let each make the most and highest that
he can."

And times have changed, also, for the " nigger college." In
place of the hewed-log house, built among the green stumps,
now stands a comfortable, sightly brick edifice, that, for five and
twenty yoara, has opened its doors, with no warmer nor more
kind'y welcome, indeed, than did its predecessor in previous
years, yet gladly and freely, to receive the youth of all colors and
conditions, both from near and from far, inviting them, without
prejudice and without distinction, to partake, without money and
without price, of all the riches ot knowledge Uiat it has to ofler.

Prof. Tucker left the institution in 1854, returning, how-
ever, in 1878 and remaining till 1879. After being under
the management of various instructors— Messrs. Parker, Housh,
Bagby, Smothers and others— the school was for a time mostly
intermitted, and the chief part of the landed estate sold, the
proceeds being vost«d in a fund, the income of which has been
and is to he expended in maintaining the school. Some of the
land sold has come back into possession of the institution, and
they own at the present time forty aci-es, with the schoolhouse,
teacher's dv/olling and a farm residence.

The Trustees of the institution originally were Daniel Hill,
John H. Bond, John Rundle, John Clemens and Nathan Thom.iB,
and besides these William Beard, William Peacock, Richard
Bobbins, William H. McKown, Reuben Goens, Ebenezer Tucker,
Jesse Okey.

The school has a charter from the State of Indiana, vesting
the ])roperty in five Trustees. Tlie constituHon of the company
jirovides for a board of thirteen Directors, five of who are them
five Trustees, and eight more are chosen by the donors to the in-

stitution, four' annually, to hold for two year's, and till their suc-
cessors are elected and qualified.

Three of the first board are dead — Nathan Thomas, John
Clemens, John Randle — the last of whom died only a month ago.
Of the others, William Beard and Richard Robbins are dead.
Ebenezer Tucker and William Peacock resigned their positions
June, 1881. Daniel Hill, John H. Bond and John Randle. of
the first Board of Trustees, resigned after having discharged the
duties of their positions nearly or quite tbirty years.

Of the Board of Directors, David Willctrtts was a prominent
member for about thirty years, much of the time being President
of the Board, and very active in the care of the concerns of the
school.

The present Trustees are William H. McKown, Reuben
Goens and Jesse Okey, there being a vacancy of two Trustees,
caused by the resignation of Ebenezer Tucker and William Pear
cock.

The Directors are Reuben Goens, Jesse Okey, Richard Goens,
Jackson Okey, Zebedee Bass. William McKown, Levi Linsey,
Andrew J. Clemens, Elijah P. Clemens.

One of the fundamental principles of the school is that there
shall be no distinction in its management, or advantages on ac-
count of color, rank or wealth; and also, that the principles of
the Bible as against slavery and war shall always be maintained
therein, and that no person shall hold an official jKisition in con-
nection with the institution who does not believe in the Script-

The Treasurers of the institution have been Nathan Thomas,
James Moorman, Joel Parker, A\illiam Peacock, John Henley,
Ebenezer Tucker and William H. McKown, the last-named being
the present incumbent.

Much good has been accomplished by the institution throiigh
its slender means during the years that are past, and it is to be
hoped that a still brighter future is in store for it in the time to

NORMAL SCHOOLS.

A few years ago, Superintendent Lesley, in conjunction with
competent assistants, ventured upon the experiment of conduct-
ing a normal school for Randolph County at Winchester. The
next year, one was held for six weeks at Union City, and the
next year, two were iu pi-ogress in that thriving town at the same
time — one on the Indiana side and one on the Ohio side.

To establish and maintain a permanent normal school requires
a strong effort, a peraistent puqiose and a numerous constituency.
Union City, for a brief period, undertook to accomplish such a
work.

The attempt was somewhat heroic, and, though the movement
could hardly have proved a lasting success, yet, for the time,
much good resulted — if not in pecuniary compensation to the
teachers employed yet, to the pupils who availed themselves of
the opportunity afforded.

There have been three normal schools in Union City — two in

India

a Ohio

The first (in Indiana) was somewhat fully attended, having
several teachers.

The second (in Indiana) was but small, with three teachers.

The third (iu Ohio) had a fair attendance, with throe teachers.

Since that time, no normal for Union City hiis been attempted,
but those who would be normalites at home have been left to
pursue the even tenor of their way to their respective county
seats, to the ela.ssic halls of Winchester or Greenville, where the
genial, wide-awake Butler on the one hand, or the sedate and
sober minded Martz on the other, will smooth their pathway up
the rugged steeps of the hill of science.

Since that time, in each successive season (except 1881), nor-
mal schools have been carried on at Winchester for the present
and prospective teachers of Randolph County, with commendable
energy and thoroughness, and with reasonable success. Some
of the teachers have been Profs. Butler, Ault, Bosworth, Marsh,
Branson and Bowers, Superintendent Lesley, and perhaps others.
The pupils have pursued their studies in these schools with great
eagerness and with gratifying snccesf- One thing is probably
true, that, while these summer schools may do for those who are

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

simply preparing to teach, yet, for such as have already spent
seven or eight months during the year in the arduous labors of
the school-room, attendance upon the normal during six long,
hot and weary weeks more will be found to be virtual suicide.

If clergymen and professional men need the proverbial sum-
mer vacation, much more do teachers, whose labors are far more
exhaustive than are those of either of the other classes men-
tioned. "Let the teachers rest" is the cry of outraged nature.
Let the people and the teachers hear and heed the cry.

teachers' iHsrrrcTEs, btc.

Most persons suppose that institutes are a thing of modern
days alone, and they will perhaps be surprised to be told that,
thirty years gone by, under the leadership of Prof. E. P. Cole,
and with the cooperation of other instructors of that time, en-
thusiastic and successful institutes were held, not, indeed, as a
mattw of legal duty, but as a voluntary method of acquaintance
and improvement

Those who were then young, now are old, and most, perhaps
all, who took part in those institutes, have left the profession, and
many of them doubtless have been called from earthly labor to
reward.

These meetings were maintained for several years, but the
removal of some of the parties, and other things combined,
caused their cessation for a time.

Li 1865, the school law of Indiana was remodeled, making
provision, among other things, for the holding of a county in-
stitute, requiring the closing of the schools during its sessions,
and appropriating a limited amount of money from the funds of
the county toward its support.

In June, 1866, Pleasant Hiatt was appointed County School
Examiner, and, during his term, held one institute. Resigning
in 1866, he was succeeded by Rev. John G. Br ice, who had the
position till the summer of 1871, but held no institute. In Au-
gust of the same year, Andrew J. Stakebake was appointed to
the office of County Examiner, and he revived the institutes, hold-
ing one each year of his term.

In 1873, the office of Cotmty Examiner was changed to that
of County Superintendent, and in June of that year, Charles W.
Paris was chosen Superintendent of Education. He continued
the holding of institutes, as also he fulfilled the requirements of
the school law concerning township institutes, then first made
obligatory by the statute. Both township and county iustitutos
have been maintained to the present time. Those in the town-
ships are held monthly during the winter season, and now and
then in the summer. The county institute has been in August
or September, except one or two at the Christmas Holidays.
They have been generally well attended, the number of members
sometimes rising tc nearly two hundred.

Numerous teachers at home and from abroad have assisted in
giving instruction at the institutes, and many lectiu-es have been
delivered, to the satisfaction and delight of those who attended
ihem. Prominent among these instructors and lecturers who
have officiated from time to time have been Profs. Eli F. and
George B. Brown, George W. Hoss, Bell, Olcott, Daniel Hough,
Harrison, Butler, Bos woith,Ault, Lesley, Marsh, Branson, Tucker,
etc. The intelligence and efficiency of the corps of teachers in
the county have been greatly increased during the past few years
and the members of the profession show a commendable determi-
nation to improve their opportunities to the utmost, and perform
the best possible service to the public and to the youth placed
tinder their oara

COUNTY INSTITUTE, 1881.

A county institute was held in August, 1881, under the di-
rection of Daniel Lesley, County Superintendent, at the high
school building in Winchester, during five days. The instruc-
tion was given by Prof. Adams, Principal of Danville Normal In-
stitution, and Mrs. Emma S. McCrae, long High School Princi-
pal at Muncie, Ind. Both these persons are lively and interest-
ing in their deportment and their methods, and the members
were both pleased and profited thereby. The attendance was
good, the numbers of teachers present more or less during the
week being about one hundred and sixty.

COUNTY teachers' ASSOCIATION.

This was formed in March, 1880, with the intention of hold-
ing quarterly meetings for consultation and discussion, and the
presentation of essays and addre-sses upon educational topics.
Meetings were held during 1880, but they have been for some
months omitted. In fact, county and township institutes, nor-
mal schools, etc., take so much time and scholastic labor that the
experiment of an additional educational enterijrise may well be
considered of doubtful i)racticability.

The people of this country have, from eai-ly times, made
wonderfully munificent provisions for the education of the youth.
And especially the New England colonies were, in the first ages
of settlement, foremost in educating all their children, and wher-
ever Now England emigration and influence hdve gone, their
power has been unif oiinly employed to foster and permanently t<.
establish abundant means of mental and moral culture to'the
people at large.

But the intelligent and pious all over the land have, from t' c
earliest times, been forward to spread knowledge and plant the
foundations of learning over the country.

The provisions of the national and State governments have
been abundant and remarkable.

First, the Congress of the Confederation, May 20, 1785, in an
act for the disposal of the public lands, provided as follows:

There sliall be reserved the Lot No. 10 of every townshii) for
the maintenance of public schools within the said township;
also, one-third part of all gold, silver, lead and copper mines, to
be sold or otherwise disiHJSod of, a.s Congress may direct

The famous "Ordinance of 1787" declares: "Religion,
morality and knowledge being neoessai'y to good government
and the happiness of mankind, schools and the moans of educa-
tion shall forever be enconra^erl."'

April U, 1810, in the act for the admission of Indiana, it was
required that the people of the Territory should ratify and per-
petuate the appropriation of Section No. H) to the use of schools,
which they did June 2',», 1810.

In the original constitution of the State, framed in 18 Hi, u
general system of education is authorized and recjuired. Legis-
lation for this purpose began with the first Legislative Assembly.
An act was passed at the first session, approved December 14,
1810, for leasing and improving the school lands.

The original school law of Indiana was approved January ;il ,
1824, incorporating Congressional townships and providing for
the establishment of schools therein.

The system at first was crude, and the funds were yet to b(!
obtained, and their source was but scanty, still a beginning was
made. The fund began to bo, and such has been its growth and
continual increase that, in 1878, the school fund of Indiana
stood at the amazing sum of $8,974,555^)5, and in 1880, probably
$U,500,(K)0.

The items making up the fund may be stated na follows:

1. Congressional township fund, |2,45;{, 100.78.

2. Saline fund, arising from the sale of land containing salt
springs, $85,0<M).

3. Surplus revenue fund, established February 0, 1837, $573,-
502.i»6. This sum is liable to be called back by the National
Government, but, during forty-five years, the fund has never been
disturbed.

4. Bank tax fund, upon the old State Bank, established in
1834, $80,000.

5. Sinking fund, remaining to the State from the old State
Bank, $4,767,805.39.

6. Fines, forfeitures and escheats, yielding a considerable
amount

Thus wisely and wonderfully well has the commonwealth of
Indiana built upon the fotmdations planted by the nation, and in
such a princely manner have the needs of the people for intel-
ligence been supplied

The above has reference to the permanent State fund alone,
only the income of which can ever be used, and that for no pur-
pose except the payment of tuition.

182

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The purchase of sites, the erection and furnishino; of school-
houses, the contingent expenses of the schools, etc., are pro-
vided for by a special tax, and tho tuition fund is increased to
an amount sufficient for its purpose in the same way.

:, 1880, 1S81.

n.srB.cs.

.„„.o..

SP.

u.

---

Dl.bursB-

""t^zr"

Brceipls.

"1':™'

%7,T"

White River

Washington

Greeusfork

Stony Creek

Nettle Creek

West River

$8071
Iil50
4839
31 U

3323
211(5
3568
39fi3
4923
6843
1841
8713
2083
1437
471
7021

i!73316

J.5031
3445
3700
)8I!9
2345
1576
1631
2053
3070
3565
3080
1381
4631
1018
960
365
4365

$40474

J3040

2139
1243
1017
1746
1085
1510
1893
2358
4762
460
4093
1065
477
306
3556

S33843

$3879
3063
1583
1.571
1443
, 1467
1391
1538
1134
4370
3938
1149
9865
483
668
87
4053

$38562

SI 446

1563
687

1030
651
213

1009
568
531
577

3938
359

11

1^
Jon

*16119

$14:i3
500
896
551
793
1354
383

Ward

960

3693

Monroe

o'crtli'n

Winchester

84f<9

275

41

Union City

Totals

15.36
$32443

Thus has the State provided, and the townships, cities and
towns piled up the taxes mountain high, that the childien and
youth of the commonwealth may enjoy the advantages of intel-
lectual development. Such princely sums oxiieudod ought to
produce immense results^much greater, in fact, than have (wer
yet been accomplished.

There are now in Randolph Coimty hftyone l)rick, eighty-
four frame and no log schoolhousos, with an estimated value of
$128,245. Ten of these are expensive edifices, erected with an
outlay of from $4,()()0 to more than $2(),01)() each, as follows:

Winchester — Two houses, both brick; tho fir.st, built in 1S()7,
cost $22,000, and containing six rooms; tho second, in 1870,
and containing four rooms.

Union City (Ind. ) — Two houses; one, brick and frame, two
stories, eleven rooms; one frame, two stories, four rooms.

Farmland — One brick, two stories, four rooms, cost $12,000.

Spartansburg — One brick, two stories, throe school-rooms,
two recitation rooms, cost 117,000, with land, furniture, fencing,

Lynn — Brick, two storias. two rooms, cost !y4,rinO.

Edgewood (colored) — Brick, two storios, two school rooms,
two recitation-rooms, cost $l,r)00.

Morristown — One, brick, two stories, cost $5,(100 i estimated).

Saratoga —One, Ijrick, two stories, two rooms. $:!.000 (esti-
mated).

Ajba has a one-story brick with two rooms.

Pinhook (Greensfork No. I) has a one-story l.)rick with two

The wages in all amount to about $40,474, and other e.Kpond-
itures to 116,1111.

The number of houses in each township, outside the towns
(and the towns), is as follows:

Jackson, l); Ward, 12; Franklin. ((; Green. 8; Monroe, 0;
White River, 21; Wayne, 10; Greensfork, 11; Washington, 10;
West River. 11; Nettle Creek, 10; Stony Creek, 0; Winchester,
2; Union City, 2; Farmland, 1; Ridgeville, 1; Himtsville, 1.

NUJIBEK OF GRADED SCHOOLS.

Winchester — Two buildings, nine rooms, eleven teachers.
Union City— Two buildings, ton rooms, eleven teachers.
Farmland — One building, three rooms, three teachers.
Ridgeville — One building, four (college) rooms, four teachers.
Huntsville — One building, one room, one teacher.

Spartansburg — One bui Iding, three rooms, three teachers.

Arlja — One building, two rooms, two teachers.

Pinhook — One building, two rooms, two teachers.

Edgewood — One building, two rooms, two teachers.

Lynn — One bfiikling, two rooms, two teachers.

Morristown- -One building, two rooms, two teachers.

Schools are maintained for a length of time varying from
four to nine months during the year, at a cost from the public
funds of from !|!200 to ?4,r)00 per year for tuition, with othc''
expense's amounting to from 84(5 to "$2,600. The salary of tht
Superintendent at Winchester and Union City is paid wholly or
partly from the special revenue funds. The Winchester school
cost per year of eight months — tuition, $4,621; expenses, $1,876.
The Union City schools cost, per year of nine months — tuition.
$4,860; expenses, $2,517.

e taught, throughout the count;

on separate schools (rooms).

s were employed— 120 males anc:

In these school buildings ar
about one hundred and sixty-sev

Diiring 1880-81,211 teacher
82 females.

The number of teachers holding certificates who had been
licensed by the Randolph Superintendent was about two hundred
and forty.

The teachers have certificates of from six months to two years,
a goodly number having been renewed after obtaining two two
year certificates, while several hold licenses from the Stai-
Board. The larger number have been educated withiu the
county, in the high schools and tho county normals, though an
increasingly large projiortion have attended the normal schools
outside tho county — Lebanon, Valparaiso, Danville, Terre Haute,
and perhaps other places.

In most of the schools, all the legal branches are taught,
while in many of them other studies also ai'e jmrsued, as alge-
bra, philosophy, book-keeping, drawing, etc., and in the town
high schools, a regular and more extensive course of study is
laid down and followed, with a good degree of exactness; and
each year, some persons graduate, and receive diplomas certify-
ing to that interesting and important fact. A larger number
undertake portions of the course, dropping out here and there,
not more than 10 per cent ever reaching the high school, and no.S
more than I to 2 percent gaining the summit of school ambition
— graduation.

A sadly large proportion accomplish only a very ordinary
knowledge of the common branches, and only a very, very fc>''
out of the whole number find themselves, on leaving sclioi.."
eijuipped in any good degree with the wherewithal for a success
ful entry upon a business life career. This is a state of thin;
which is not jileasing to contemi)late. and the friends and pr
motersof education ought to bestir themselves to find, if possible,
a sure and speedy remedy therefor.

A training more practical and a course occupying a shorter
time should be furnished, that the great mass who can attend
during a number of years much less than the whole, may be edu-
cated therein.

Many object to carrying the public school so far, but cer-
tainly poor persons, those who pay small taxes, or none at all,
should never even dream of tinditig fault with the policy, since,
at the ct)st of a few cents or a dollar, or even at no cost, they have
placed within their reach the means of a reasonably thorough
and somewhat extensive education. Country school -teaching
will long, and possibly always, be a temporary occupation, fuihcr
than a settled business, peculiarly adapted, indeed, to those who
are "preparing "' for an intellectual life pursuit. It is, in truth,
a Godsend to them, and, on the whole, right well and nobly do
they perform the tasks allotted to them. There exists among thr
great body of oiu- teachers an earnest and a wholesome, albeit a
friendly, rivalry and ambition each to outdo the other in excel
lence and success in their sphere of action. Much time and
money ai-e spent by teachers in attending normal institutes, and
normal schools, both at home and abroad, in maintaining town
ship and county institutes, in reading educational journals, etc.,
etc. , to the end that they may be able to rise high in the scale
as educatoi's. and to accom|)lish thorough and successful work.
And, indeed, the spirit of ambition and devotion is greatly neces-

HISTORY OF RANDOl-PII COUNTY.

183

sary, since more money is spent upon this one thing than upon
any other single public interest. The' education of youth i.s,
perhaps, the grandest public enterprise, and it well deserves the
supreme attention paid to it, and the immense outlay of labor and
treasure bestowed thereupon.

The educators and the public are studying with increasing
earnestness how to purify, sh-engthen and perfect our magnifi-
cent, costly and somewhat efficient, yet still greatly defective,
system of public schools, and to bring to pass that most desirable
result — complete, thorough and most efiective methods of public
and private instruction, coupled also with the most economical
outlay practicable of public funds, and especially how to secure
to a far larger number a much greater and more various range of
instruction during a time more suitable to their needs.

From t'lO county Manual for 1880, we take the following:
Daniel Lesley, County Superintendent. Trustees— Ira Tripp,
"White Eiver; Joel Mills, Washington; John F. Middleton,
Greensfork; William T. Davis, Stony Creek; John C. Clevinger,
Nettle Creek; Levi Johnson, West River; Luther L. Moorman,
Green; John B. Sipe, Ward; Peter Poorman, Jackson; Robert
B. McKee, Wayne; Adam Slonaker, Monroe; Isaac N. Stratton,
Franklin.

Winchester— A. E. Hiatt. President; William Moore, Secre-
tary; J. L. Stakebake, Treasurer.

Union City— W. A. Wiley, President; C. S. Hook, Secretary;
William Harris, Treasurer.

Ridgeville— M. L. Sumption, H. T. Kitselman, A H. Far-
quhar.

Farmland— Peter O. Hewitt, J. H. Merridith, W. B. Carter.

Tlie County Board of Education is made up of the County
Superintendent, the Township Trastees and the Presidents of the
City School Boards.

In the Manual are given also (1) rules for gradation and
promotion; (2) township institutes; (2) course of study; (}])
plan for grading licenses and wages; (4) jrowers and duties of
school districts, etc. ; (5) text-books; (0) names of licensed teach-

The text-books are chiefly, though not entirely, those issued
by the eclectic publishers. The number of teachers holding
licenses during the summer of 1880 was 242.

The grades are six in number based mainly upon the readers,
the Fifth Reader being used in the last two grades.

Grammar (proper) extends from the third grade through the
sixth gi-ade. Geography goes through the third, fourth and
fifth. Arithmetic begins in the second, and is continued through
the sixth grade. History is assigned to the fifth and sixth,
and physiology to the sixth ; reading, spelling and writing,
through the whole course.

Attempts are being made, with more or less success, to regu-
late the country -school work by a uniform system of gradation.
An effort is put forth, also, to systemize the township institute
work so as to make them useful for the purposes intended by the
law requiring them. As to gadation of country schools, peculiar
and somewhat serious obstacles lie in the way, which may, per-
haps, be at least partially overcome.

We append below a brief account of some of tiio more im-
portant schools of the county.

Arba Graded School. — The Arba building has two rooms, and
for some eight years the school has had two teachers during the
winter, though some of the time the number of pu])ils hardly
justified the outlay. Some of the teachers have been Messrs.
Bond, Canada, Daly, Brown, Nichols, Glunt, with Mrs. Bond.
Miss Green, Miss Teagle, etc., primary teachers. The school is
under the authority of the Township Trustee.

Edgewood (Colored). — The school building belongs not to
the township, but to the Union Literary Institute, a chartered
institution of thirty-six years' standing. It has two rooms and
two teachers, one only of whom is employed by the public funds.
The pupils, however, have all the advantages of the double
graded school maintained throughout the year, and the course of

instruction has been thorough and extensive. A detailed account
of the Union Literary Institute may be found elsewhere in this

Farmland. - The town was incorporated for school purposes
in 1870. The first School Trustees were J. S. Davis, W. W.
Fowler, L. A. Gable, and all the trustees have been these: J. S.
Davis, W. W. Fowler, L. A. Gable, J. H. Merridith, P. O. Hew-
itt, H. F. Wood. The present school building was erected about
1808 by the Township Trustee, at an estimated cost of S<12,000,
running the township heavily in debt, which burden of debt has
remained substantially till the present time, though indeed
somewhat reduced in amount. When the town became incor-
porated for schools, the schoolhouse continued the property of
the township, and it is so still, proving a " bone of contention "
between township and village from year to year. The town
school has been held, however, in the large building in the vil-
lage, the Town Trustees paying a small rent to the township for
the use of the house. The grading of the school has been car-
ried on for several years, jis far back at least as 1809. From
that year, a I'rincipal has been empoyed with several assistants.
Those Principals have been Lee Ault, 1809-72; C. W. Paris.
1873; Mr. Atkinson, 1874-75; W. L. Lloyd, 1870; M. Bosworth,'
1877-78; J. M. Branson, 1879; J. V. Stewart, 1880; John Han-
cock, 1881. There are three grades and three teachers cm-
ployed. The statistics for 1880-81 are given below:

Primary — Enrollment, 78; average monthly, 49; average
daily, 37; jier cent of attendance, 75.

Intermediate — Enrollment, 03; average monthly, 42; average
daily, 35 ; per cent of attendance, 84.

High — Enrollment, 49; average monthly, 30.7; average daily,
30; per cent of attendance, 82.

Total— Enrollment, 190; average monthly, 128; average
daily, 102 ; per cent of attendance, 82.

Boys, 94; girls, 90. Total, 190.

The teachers for 1880-81 were: Principal, J. V. Stewai-t;
Intennediate, Miss Mayne AVasson; Primary, Miss Flora Deal.

Green Toinwtiip. — Eight schoolhouses, seven brick The
schools hold six months; wages, $1.25 to ?2.5(). The teachers
for 1880 have been: No. 1, Lola Webb; No. 2, Leroy Dearmond;
No. 3, Allen Holly, Paulina Green; No. 4, Charle.s M. Hubbard:
No. 5, Jacob Life: No. 0, Edward E. Gunklo, Millie Blakely;
No. 7, David Graham; No. 8, C. A. Rickards. The Trustees have
been Silas T. Gordon, Antony Jarnagin, James McProud, Joseph
Devoss, Liither Moorman.

HuntsiHlle. — The brave little village of Huntsville has, for
some reason not appreciable by the great outside world, made
herself to be a "school corporation;"' yet she has only ou'o
schoolhouse, one room in that building and one teacher perform
ing all the teaching in that ambitious " burg. ' ' Nevertheless, to
choose that teacher and to manage that school, three Town Trust-
ees have to be chosen, and they have to choose three other citi-
zens, who must in turn chouso the teacher, and do " all and sun-
dry " things needful in and about that school building and school
aforesaid, that education may thrive and knowledge keep even
pace with the increase of population in the town of Huntsville.
Why so much machinery must be set and kept in motion to grind
so small a grist ' ' all by itself " remains a mystery. Still, the
town ot Huntsville sticks bravely to its school corporation, pays
its own school taxes and has the luxury of a school independent
of the "whole round world."

MorriMown. — The school building was erected by the Town-
ship Trustee for the village. It is a good substantial structure,
built in 1875, having two stories and two rooms. Jonathan L.
Miller has been Principal for two years, and is engaged, also,
for the current year, 1881-82. J. F. Deal was j^rimary teacher
for the piist year, and is employed for the current year also.
Number of pupils for 1880-81, 130: High School, 55; Primary,

Lijmi Graded School. — ^A commodious school building with
two rooms was erected for the town of Lynn in about 1874, by
the Township Trustee, at a cost of about §4,000. A graded
school has been maintained from that time to the present. The
Principals have been Messrs. Bond, Lesley. Marsh, Nichols.

184

HISTORY OF RANDOI.ril COUNTY.

Tlie 8(jhool is still under the control of the Township Trustee,
the town not being large enough to warrant an act of incorpora-
tion for school purposes, or, at least, the village of Lynn not
being so eager to assume the responnibility of separate and in-
dependent school existence. ,,

Pin Hook (Jnuied School, No. 1. — District No. 1, Greons-
fork Township, has had two teachers, most of the time, for eight
years, and, for a pai't of the time, two rooms. Some of the in-
structors have been Misses Jennie Hill, Eich, Cammack, Messrs.
Nichols, Brown, lluby and others. Their schoolhouse is a tine
substantial one-story brick, with two rooms. The school, how-
ever, of late is hardly large enough to justify a double school.

RUlgei'ille. — The schoolhouse at Eidgeville is an old frame
building, with one room, and capable of accommodating only a
single teacher. However, Kidgeville College furnishes rooms

Josephine Sumption, Elias Boltz, 1878; Alexander Wood, 1879;

! William J. Houck. Gabriel A. Jacobs, David M. Odle, 1880.

; The following resume of its affairs is condensed from its catalogue
for 1880-81:

I Students— Seniors, four; Juniors, tlireo; Sophomores, three;

: Freshmen, seventeen; Preparatory sevonty-uine; music, twonty-

j eight. Ladies, .sixty-one; gentlemen, seventy-six.

Trustees (term expires 1881) — Rev. D. A. Tucker, Milhouscn;

i A^ . F. Studabaker. W. T. Pettyjohn, David S. Harker, Kidge-
ville; Moorman Way, Esq., Winchester; James Hanlin, Port-

' land; P. W. Holverstott, Marion, Ohio; Robert H Sumption,
Ridgeville. Term expires 1S82: Rev. S. D. Bates, Marion,
Ohio; E. C. Clongh, Jordan; Dr. C. S. Arthur, Portland; Ar-
thur McKow. Ridgevillo; Rpv. B. F. Zell, La Rue, Ohio; Sam-
n.'l H:iiiliii. ]'.)rt!;n\.ii Dr. J. A. Henning, Redkey; Norman

additional for thice toachers besides, so that the Ridgeville
"younkers" have the hnnoi mostlv, of '' entering college " in
their "childhood da\s"

Ridgemlle Cnllei/e -Was founded by the Free-M'ill BH])tists
in 1807. Its fii-st President w<ihRp\ J L Collier. The pro.sent
President is Rev. S. D. Bates, A M. It has straggled with diffi-
culties from the utset. The number of its students has been
small; its faculty, though men and women of talent and energy,
were well sustained on fair salaries till the hard times following
1873 occurred, when the income was not sulficient to pay the
salaries, at which time the faculty were put ujjon the income to
prevent increased indebtedness, as did many of the colleges of
the West A few friends, however, have clung to the institution
in every struggle, and its prospects apjiear to be brightening.
The number of its graduateii has thus far been very small, as
follows; Elisha Wood, John H. Sheets, B. Frank Boyer, 18711;

I Lynch. Ridgeville. Term ends 1S,S,? Rev. Asa Pierce, Dr.

I Allen H Farquhar, Ridgeville, Richard Matohet, Jordan: Mil-
ton R. Hiatt. J. Collins, Ridgeville, Abram Kitchen, Spring-
field, Ohio; A. J. Metsner, Portland; Joseph D. Marot, Ridge-

j The officei-s of tlie board are as follows: Rev. S. D. Bates,
j Chairman; W. T. Pettyjohn, Auditor; Elias Boltz, B. S., Libra-
' rian; M. R. Hiatt, Secretary; E. H. Sumption, Treasurer.
j The Executive Committee are composed of the following gen-
' tlomen; Dr. A. H. Farquhar. Arthiu- McKew. R. H. Sumption,
j Milton R. Hiatt, Rev. Asa Pierce.

! Faculty: Rev. S. D. Bates, A. M., President, Professor of
Mental and Moral Philosophy; Rev. Thomas Harrison, A. M.,
Professor of Latin and Greek; Elias Boltz, B. S., Professor oit
JIathematics and German; Miss Josephine Sumption, B. S., Pre-
«eptress and teacher of French; , Professor of Not-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

185

ural Science; I. N. Nason. A. M. , Adjunct Professor of Latin
and Greek and teacher of instrumental music; R. Fricke, teacher
of instrumental music.

Rev. J. L. Collier, the first President, tilled the posi-
tion live years with energy and efficiency. The combined labor
of superintending the erection of the college building, teaching
and preaching at the same time, seriously impaired his health,
and he resigned his position, much to the regret of his many
friends. "When his successor. Rev. S. D. Bates, assumed the re-
sponsibilities of his office, in 1S72, there were not quite $1,000
raised toward the endowment of the institution. He has since
that time carried it up to $130,000, besides raising several thou-
sand dollars toward the completion of the building, the increase
of the library, apparatus, etc., etc.

While he has not engaged in teaching, and all the income
was needed to remunerate those who were giving instruction, he
has not received a dollar from the college treasury for all the
labor he has performed for the endowment of the school, but has
met his expenses by labors in other directions. It will be of
historical interest to state that he instructed the late lamented
President, J. A. Gai-field, the winter after he was on the Ohio
Canal, and persuaded him to attend a seminary with him two
years, rather than sail on Lake Erie. Mr. Garfield afterward
stated that this was the turning point in his life, and that he
was more indebted to M.'. Bates than all other men.

The college is located at Ridgeville, a town at the crossing
of the Pan Handle & Grand Rapids Railroad. The building is a
three-story edifice, 108x80 feet, with eleven commodious rooms,
besides cellar, and chapel and halls on the second, third and
fourth floors, standing on an elevated campus of about five acres,
planted with shade trees.

The number of students for the current yeai- is stated to be
double that of the former year, and the prospect seems encom'ag-
ing. Four courses of instruction are presented — Classical,
Scientific, English and Normal.

The expenses are as follows: Tuition, $1) to !J10 per term of
twelve weeks; instrumental music, $10 for twenty-four lessons;
incidentals, $1 per term.

Ridgeville is a tlu-iving, quiet, moral village, free from sa-
loons and other places of dissipation, and with good religious ad-
vantages.

Saratoga (Ward Township).— See Ward Township Schools.

Spaiiansburg (iraded School. — In 1875, the public school
building was completed, with three rooms, at a cost of about $7,-
000. Since that time, a graded school has been maintained, with
from two to thi-ee teachers. The Principals have been as follows:
Messrs. Bond, Tucker, Hahn, Bond and Polly. The public
school has been mostly six months. The number of pupils en-
rolled varies from seventy-five to one hundred and thirty. Sev-
eral times a select school has been taught in the summer. Some of
the subordinate teachers have been Miss Jennie Hill, Mrs. McCoy,
Emizetto "Wiggs, James Humphrey, Miss Ponlan. The Spartan-
burg school edifice is well situated, the location being a beautiful
knoll just south of town, overlooking a delightful valley and jire-
senting a pictiu-esque view of cutivated field and shady woods.
Several from beyond the vicinity have, each year, availed them-
selves of the advantiiges of the school.

Union City.— The first school was taught by Miss Mary Ens-
mingor, in the fall of 1853. The first jjublic school was taught
by George W. Brainard, 1853-54. Next, was a school by J. T.
Farson, in the " Bee Line Boarding Car," stsmding near the old
Presbyterian Church. Next, Mr. and IVt-s. Osborn taught in the
little brick house on the State line, north of Mr. Dixon's. Also,
Miss Anderson in a house lately occupied by Mr. E. Bunch,
Columbia, north of Oak. Pinneo Case taught in White's Ware
House, whore Branham's restaurant now is. That ware-house,
with all the books, etc., was bui-ned in 1857. During the next
two years (1857-5'J), N. Rowe taught in a building now owned
by N. Moore, on Pearl street, and Messrs. Hitchcock and Dady,
in a building opposite the fonner Eagle office. In LS58, a brick
public schoolhouso was erected, the east part of the present main
building. Mr. and Mrs. Gray taught the first school in that
biiilding, and after them, Willimn A. Wiley, with an ius.sistant.

In the winter of 1800-01, Wright and Russell opened a select
school in Paxsou'sHall, and Miss Amanda Farson taught a school
in 1801. Id the wiut«r of 1862-03, Levi Wright and wife taught
the public school. Pupils enrolled, 108; compensation, 12 and
*1.13perday. Mi-. Wright continued till l8fS4 (April). The
statistics of the last term are as follows: High School, L. Wright,
S2; IntormediateSchool, Simon Hedrick, $1.50; Primary School,
Mrs. Wright, $1. Enrollment, 201. Teachers in the following
years: 1804, Mr. Frash and three a-ssistants; 1805, William D.
Stone and throe assistants; 1800, J. S. Leckbider and three assist-
ants; 1807, Elias Loofbourrow and four assistants; 1808, Ebe-
nezer Tucker and four assistants; 1809-70, Delia Posey and four
assistants; 1871, Ariston Dwinell and four assistants; 1872-73,
W. B. Page and four to six assistants; 1874-78, J. C. Eagle and
seven to eleven assistants; 1879, G. F. Meado and ten assistants
(died in February, 1880); 1880-81, F. Treudley and ten assist,
ants; 1881-82, F. Treudley and eleven assistants.

The following is the account of teachers in Union City schools
since 1800:

1800— Principal, J. S. Leckbider, $4.50; Ella Fisher, $2; E.
E. Anderson, $2; Minnie Swain, $1.

1807 — Elias Loofbourrow, $3; Jennie Baldwin, $2; Joanna
Knapp, $2; Rebecca Wharton, $2; Mattie Whan-y, $2.

1808— Ebenezer Tucker, $5.75; Mary M. Wright, $3; Mir-
iam Grist, $2; Joanna Knapp, $2; Jennie Baldwin, $2.

1871 — Principal, Ai'iston Dwinell. We have no account of
his subordinates.

1872— Principal, W. B, Page, $5; E. P. Connor, $2.50; Olive
Williamson, $2.25; Flora Rush, $2.25; Alice Parent, $2.

1873— Principal, W. B. Page, $5; M. J. Swayne, Lizzie 1).
Starbuck, Ella R. Ferguson, Lizzie Williamson, Jennie D. Mc-
Clure, Oli ,e Williamson. Mattie B. Powers, $2.25 each.

1874 -Principal, J. C. Eagle, $1,000 a year; J. V. Stewart,
•$4 a day; Jennie L. French, Sallio E. George, Martha A. Wil-
son, Emma A. Mai-shall, Alice Kemp, Ruth Hutchinson, $2.50
each.

1875---Priucipal. J. C. Eagle. $1,100 a year; Daniel Lesley,
$4.75 a dav; Lizzie Meredith, H. S. Foster, $2.50 each; Cynia
Woodburv" Mrs. Willson, $2.37?> each; Mollio Banks, $2.25."

1 87( )— Principal. J. C. Eagle, $1,100; Charles W. Paris,
$4; Lizzie Meredith, H. S. Foster, $2.50 each; Cyrus Wood,
biu-y, Mollie Banks, Martha A. Willson, $2.25; A. R. Kemp,
Lamvi Palmer, Edith Leslie, Clara S. Crane, Nettie Wiggs, $1. 75

1877 — Principal, J. C. Eagle, $1,1(H} per year; Lizzie Mere
dith, H. S. Foster, $2.50 each; G. Reynard, M. A. Willson, $2.-
12i each; Joanna Ton-ence, Nettie V. Wiggs, Susie Bowersox,
Ella Ferguson, $2 each. [Whether there were others we do nni.
know."!

1878- Principal, J. C. Eagle, $1,100 a year; Olive Coffeen,
$3; H. S. Foster, $2.50: Ella Ferguson, M. A. Willson, $2.12J
each; G. Reynard, $2.25; Mr. Torronce, Nettie V. Wiggs, $2;
Susan Bowersox, $1.75: Ella Dill, $1.50; H. R. Knauer (Gor-
man and music), 30 cents per hovir.

1879— Principal, Giles F. Mead, $1,000 a year; F. Treudlev,
$3; M. D. Ozias, M. A. Harlan, $2.50; J. C. Torrence, $2.2o;
Inez Bartholomew, Bell Dwinell, Susie Bowersox. Ella Fergu-
son, M. A. Willson, $2 each; Ella Dill, $1.50. Prof. Mead died
Februitf}', 1880, and Mr. Treudley took the vacant plac&

Teachers for 1880-81: Frederick Treudley. Superintendent,
$1,000 a year; Mrs. M. A. Mead, High School, $540; M. A. Har-
lan, teaclior of No. 9 and teacher of music. $720; Mrs. J. IL
Knapp, No. 8, !^50; Miss Aurle Hedrick, No. 7, $405; Miss
May Meredith, No. 0, $300; Miss Bell Dwinell, No. 5, $300;
Mi.ss Libbie Reeves, No. 4, $300; Miss Ella Dill, No. 3, $300;
Miss Ella Ferguson, No. 2, $300; Mr.s. M. A. Wilson, No. 1,
$450.

Enrollment for 1830: No. 1, 100; No. 2, 84; No. 3, 83; No.
4, (i7; No. 5, 50; No. 0, 48; No. 7, 40; No. 8, 45; No. 9, 37;
High School, 30. Total enrollment, 002; average for 1880,
388; highest monthly average, 440; lowest monthly average,

The TiTistees of the Union City Schools have been as follows : J.

186

TIISTOIJY OF RANDOi;PH COUNTY.

N. Converse, Nathan Cadwalladpr, J. M. Jaynes, Edwm-d Starbuck,
Henry Jacl-son, Tilghman Tritt, David Fer>,mson, \V. A. Wilev,
C. S. Hardy, L. D. Lambert,, O. C. Gordon, Allen Jaqua, H. H.
Yergin, John S. Starbuck. C. S. Hook, AVilliam Hai-ris. Pres-
ent board, 1881, W. A. AViley, C. S. Hook, William Harris.

A regular course of study has been established, reciuiring
twelve years for its completion. Ninety-nine hundredths of the
pupils in attendance never go through the prescribed course, but
drop out anywhere between No. 1 and the third High School
year. A few, however, do persist in the arduous chase after
their diploma, and succeed in cai)turing it at hist. The gradu-
ates are given elsewhere.

Some efifoi'ts are now being made to obtain a library for the
High School, but the attainment of that desirable end is yet
mainly in the future. A good beginning, however, has been
made, and some fifty valuable volumes have been obtained. A
praiseworthy enterprise has been iunuguratfld here and elsewhere
to create a love for higher and purer literature, and with some
success. The form the enterprise has taken has been chiefly the
celebration of the birthdays of certain distinguished poets, as
Bryant, Longfellow, Whittier and possibly other.s. by reading
and reciting exti-acts from their works, writing essays and crit-
iques, etc. The efTect, both in this city and elsewhere, has been
vei-y good. The light of a new world of beauty and love and
wisdom has dawned upon the minds of the young, and thoy are
surprised to discover how vastly superior are Thanatopsis, Evan-
geline and the sweet and so'ft ilvjw of the mild and gentle
" Quaker Poet's" verse to the trashy dime novels, or even the
blood and thunder stories or the love" and murder tales of the
Ledger, or the Weekly, or the Saturday Nighf, or any of the le-
gion of sensational sheets that weekly spawn their noxious brood
upon a gaping and astonished world.

The first schoolhouse in Union City was built in IS-^S, made
of brick, with two stories and three rooms. The first addition
was made in 1808, at a cost of $5,500, also built of brick, with
two stories, two schoolrooms, two halls, a pump-room and an
office. A second addition was made some years afterward, of
wood, with two stories and two rooms. Another building has
since been put up, made of wood, with two stories and four
rooms. The main school building as now existing has the great-
est amount of school room, with the smallest space of hall, entry
and stairways, and withal, the most ready and convenient of ac-
cess that we have ever seen. There are eight large school-rooms
and an office, with only one stairway, one lower entry and one
u]5per entry, both small. There are no halls nor passage ways
properly so called. A single teacher standing at the top of the
stairs can oversee almost the entire ingress and egress of the
pupils of all the rooms through the entries up or down the stair-
way and through the outer door of the building. The course of
study as at present existing may be stated in substance thus:

First Year, D Primary — Reading, charts, primer and first
reader; V/riting, print and script on the slate and board; Spell-
ing, words in their lessons; Numbers, addition and subtraction,
amounts not to oxceod forty. Language and oral lessons.

Second Year, C Primary — Reading, second reader; Spelling,
words of the lessons; Writing, slat.-s, board and copy-books,
with pencil; Numbers, fimdamental operations, not above three
figures, signs, Roman niimerals to C; Language, short sentences,
correct common errors, kinds of sentences, etc. Oral lessons.

Third Year, B Primary— Reading, third reader: Spelling,
words in the lessons; Writing, Penmanship No. 1; Numbers,
up to 1,000,000, subtraction, no carn-ing, multiplication to
nines: Language, review verb, sxibject, predicate, make sen-
tences. Oral lessons.

Fom-th Year, A Primary— Reading, fourth reader; Spelling,
McGuff'ey's Speller to page 50; Writing, copybook, No. 3;
Numbers, WTitton arithmetic commenced; Geography, Eclectic
No. 1. commenced. Language and oral lessons.

Fifth Year, B Intel-mediate — Reading, fifth reader begun;
Spelling, Eclectic Speller to page 71; Writing, No. 3 copy-
book: Geography, Eclectic No. 1 continued; Arithmetic, men-
tal and written continued. Language and oral lessons; nt. text-

Sixth Year, A Intermediate — Reading, fifth reader completed
Spelling, Eclectic Speller tf^ page 91; Writing co])y-book No
4; Numbers, mental and written arithmetic through reduction
Geography, primary geography completed; Language, continued
no text-book. Oral lessons.

Seventh Year, C Grammar — Reading, sixth reader; Spelling
Eclectic Sjieller completed; Writing, copy-book, No. 5; Nuni
bors, mental and written, to partial payments; Geography, Eclec-
tic No. 2, begun ; Language, grammar (in textbook) begun.
Oral lessons.

Eighth Year, B Grammar — Reading, sixth reader; Spoiling,
selected lessons; Writing, copy-book No. 0; Numbers, mental,
through Ray's Intellectual ; written, through Ray's Practical:
Geogi-aphy, Eclectic No. 2, completed; Language, grammar con-
tinued. Oral lessons.

Ninth Year, A Grammar— Reading, sixth reader; Spelling,
selected lessons; Writing, copybook No. 7; Numbers, Higher
Arithmetic begun; History, begun; Geography, physical, Cor-
nell's; Grammar, false syntax, analysis, parsing, composition.
Oral lessons.

High School Course — First Year, grammar, arithmetic, phys-
iology, botaii}-, algebra, German and i)ook-keeping (elective).

Second Year, algebra, natural philosophy, rhetoric, Latin bo-
gun. Third Yoai-. geometry, Latin completed, chemistry. United
States History, United States Constitution. Spelling, definition,
composition, declamation, etc., through the course.

Recapitulation — Primary Course, four years, Nos. 1 to 4,
through fourth reader; Intermediate, two years, fifth reader;
Grammar, three years; High School, three years; total course,
twelve years.

If the great body of the pupils could spend twelve years in
the pursuit of those courses, one might suppose they would there-
by gain " oceans " of knowledge. As it is, one in a hundred
"gets through," but where are the ninety and niner And con-
jecture sadly answer.s, "I know not where, indeed."

The text-books are as follows: McGuft'ey's Reader and Speller
— new series; Arithmetic, Ray's; Grammar, Harvey's; Geography,
Eclectic; Geography, Physical, Cornell's; Algebra, Loomis &
Ray's; History, Ridpath's; Botany, Wood's; GeometiT, Loomis' ;
Physiology, Natural Philosophy, Chemistiy. Steele's; Latin,
Harknoss'"; Virgil and Cmsar.

The following are the graduates:

1870 — Perry Shank, Webster Lambert, Preston AVoodl)ury,
Edna Thomas-^four.

1878— Jessie Ruby, Winnie Scott, Flora Hutchinson, Ella
Dill, Lizzie Wiggs, Flora Branham— six.

187'J -Jennie Reed, Charles Proctor— two.

1880— May McNeal, Neva Harrison, Aurie Hecb-ick, Libby
Reeves — four.

1881— Herbert Mitchell, Samuel Bartholomew, Alicia Fowler,
Clara Hutchinson — four.

1.S82— Nettie B Jackson, Clara Kavanaugh, Dora A. Clark,
Jennie Hanlin, Anna Deem, Sarah A. Murray, Susan Stewart,
Maynard B. McFeely, Morton H. Lambert — nine. Total,
twenty-nine.

The commencement exercises. May 18, 1882, held in the ca-
pacious Methodist Episcopal Church, wore of a high order. The
graduation essays and orations wore well prepared and finely de-
livered in the presence of a crowded and deeply interested as-
sembly, the music was splendid, the presentation address was
excellent and impressive, and the whole performance was such
as to reflect great credit upon all concerned in any way therein.

Union City, Ohio. — There had been a school building for
many years, but with the growth of the town it had become more
and more unsuitable for its purpose, and, after much delay and
considerable trouble, the present schoolhouse was erected, in
1872. It is built of brick, two stories high, being a plain but
substantial edifice, containing at first four (but at present five)
rooms. For two years, B. F. Stewart was Superintendent G.
W. Landis held the ])osition for seven years, and F. G. Cromer
was chosen as Principal during the summer of 1881. Five
teachers are employed, including the Superintendent.

The School Boai-d propose, the coming season (1882), to erect

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

a new sohoolhoiise nearly the size of tlie present one, which will,
with the rooms now in use, fui'nish seven rooms, and a public hall
for anniversary exercises.

The enumeration for 1881 was 440. and the enrollment for
1880-81, 230. The Catholic School, in Union City, Ind. , is sup-
plied with pupils very largely from the Ohio side, which fact ex-
plains the small enrollment compared with the enumeration. A
course of study has been arranged, covering about ten years, of
which the High School embraces three years. The teachers for
1881-82 are as stated below:

F. G. Cromer, Superintendent and Principal of High School,
$4:, W. Johnson, Grammar School Department, $2,50; Miss
Fanny Polly, Intermediate Department, $1.75; Sadie Hillard,
A Primai-y Depai-tment, 11.75; Maggie Garber, B Primary De-
partment, $1,75.

The Trustees are A. G. Gribbon, President; J. J. Norris, Sec-
retary; H. S. Stockdale, Treasurer. The school seems in a
healthy and properous condition, the Principal appears well
qualified for his respon.sible task, and, under his faithful super-
vision, an earnest corps of wide-awake teachers are accomplish-
ing a successful work.

Ward roimship.— John B. Sipe, Trustee. Twelve school-
houses, two brick, ten frame, thirteen teachers. Twenty -five em-
ployed during the year, sixteen males and nine females. Seven
months is the time of school. $2,680 paid for teachers; $700
paid for expenses. One graded school, two rooms, Saratoga.
Trustees of township have been Olney AVhipj)le, William Smitli,
two years each; D. F. Haw ley, four years; Henry W. Fields,
two years; Peter Stick, two years; Chi-istian Nickey, two yeai-s;
Benjamin Clevinger, four years; John B. Sipe, now [1881].

Schoolt in Winchrster. — The first sohoolhouso was a log cabin
built with the corner ends sticking out. It rttuiid on Washing-
ton, at the corner of Washington and East, went of Salt Creek.
It was built before 1831. Jacob Henderson was teaching school
in the old cabin, when it was biuued down, with all the books,
in 1830. The school was then taught for a time in the old Meth-
odist Church; afterward, in the county seminary; still later, in
the brick schoolhour.e on South street; then, in anew sohoolhouse
on Will street; after that, in one built on South Main street.
For u time, there wore two school buildings, one in the main
part of the town, southwes t of the public square, and one on the
principal street, north of the railroad Bee Line depot The
large brick edifice (High School) now standing, was built in
1800-07. at a cost of nearly $22,000, at a time when labor and
material were very high, by Thomas AV. Kizer, Township Trast-
ee. The school opened in that house March 9, 1808. Another
school building was erected in the south part of town, near Gen.
Stone's, in 1879, made of brick, with two stories and four rooms.
The cost we are not able to state.

. Winchester. — Upon the completion of the graded school
building, in Winchester, in 1807, Prof. Farris, who was also the
first Principal of the semin.iry, some twenty-five years before,
was employed as Principal of the public school in the new build-
ing. Since that time, the Principals have been Messrs. Cooi)er,
Ault and Butler, the latter being now in that position.

The chiu-acter of the Winchester schools has been gradually
rising, until at the present time their reputation is excellent.
Much elTort has been put forth to provide apparatus, library,
etc. , for the High School, and a very creditable result in this re-
spect has been attained. The corps of teachers for Winchester
at present consists of Superintendent E. H. Butler, with Messrs.
Bowers and Mareh and a sufficient number of active and efficient
female instructors, besides Prof. W. S. Montgomery, a skillful
and enthusiastic teacher of the science and the ai't of music, both
vocal and instrumental.

The school statistics of Winchester are as follows: Enimiera-
tion, 670; enrolled, 500; average, 435: number in High School,
07; Senior Class, 9; gi-aduates from High School, 32; books in
library, 400. The school has a geological cabinet, and chemical
and philosophical apparatus.

The commencement exercises in connection w*ith the gradua-
tion of the respective classes fi'om year to year have become an
important and deeply interesting feature of our public school

system, drawing as they do from time to tim
blies to witness the performances. About thirty-nine of both
sexes have finished the course iit Winchester, only eleven of
whom were males. It is somewhat noteworthy that in all the
High Schools, the pupils who have continued to the end have
beoa mostly of the gentler sex. At Union City, out of twenty-nine,
only eight were of the "sterner sort."

The number of schoolhouses, together with the number of
teachers in the different townships will be found as follows:

Green Township, eight districts — Eight schoolhouses, seven
brick and one frame; eight teachers, six males and two females.

Franklin, six districts— Six houses, one brick, five frame;
thirteen teachers, ten males, five females.

Ward, twelve districts — Twelve houses, two brick, ten fraiup;
thirteen teachers, eight males, five females.

Jackson, nine districts — Nine houses, four brick, five frame;
nineteen teachers, ten males, nine females.

Wayne, ten disti-icts — Ten houses, five brick, five frame:
twenty-two teaohore, twenty males, two females.

Greensfork, eleven districts — Eleven houses, five brick, six
frame; thirteen teachers, eleven males, two females.

Washington, sixteen districts— Sixteen houses, four brick,
twelve frame; thirty-one teachers, twelve male, nineteen females.

West Eiver, eleven districts -Eleven houses, one brick,
ten frame: eleven teachers, all males.

Nettle Creek, ten districts — Ten houses, seven brick, three
frame; ten teachers, five males, five females.

Stony Creek, nine districts — Nine houses, four brick, five
frame: nine teachers, six males, three females.

Monroe, nine districts — Nine houses, five brick, four frame;
nine teachers, six males, three females.

White River, twenty-one districts — Twenty-one houses, three
brick, eighteen frame; twenty-five teachers, eighteen males seven

The following are the number of schoolhouses and teachers
in the dift'erent towns:

Huntsvillo — One house, frame, one room, one teacher, male.

Farmland — One house, brick, three rooms, three teachers,
one male, two females.

Ridgeville— One house (and college), four r
ors, two males, two females.

Winchester —Two houses, brick, nine rooms
four males, seven females.

Union City — Two houses, one brick, one frame, ten rooms.
eleven teachers, two males, nine females. Total, 51 brick. Si
frame; 135 in all; 167 rooms; value, $128,245.

Township Institutes within the year, 52; number of teachers.
211; males, 129; females, 82.

White Rivoi- 815 ,'545 140

AViLshingtoii 726 470 140

Greensfork fiOH 893 100

Stony Creek 397 22H 10,5

Nettle (^reek 427 254 160

West Kivei- •'■,74 284 83

Green 328 181 120

Wiinl 555 .330 100

.liickson 406 239 145

Wiiyne 712 623 140

Monroe 294 237 120

Franklin 241 126 120

Winchester, Town 591 445 160

llid-evillc, Town 180 112 160

Fiinnl.ind , Town liK) 126 16i)

llnntsville. Town 80 37 IOC

Union City, Town 922 628 180

Totals. ^.^ ^. ...^^^.^.. 994 5073 Av. 132

The average wages paid teachers for 1880 were as follows:
Greeii, males, $1.75; females, $1.50; Franklin, males, $1.88;
females, $1.53; Ward, males, 11.02; females, $1.60; Jackson,
males, $1;00; females, $1.41; Wayne, males, $1.85; females,
$1.50; Greensfork. males, $2.14; females, $1.74; Washington,
males, $1.76; females, $1.58; West lliver, males, $1.87; Nettle
Creek, males, $1.91; females, $1.90; Stony Creek, $2.03; fe-
males, $1.90; Monroe, males, $2.03; females, $1.70; White

, four teach
ion teachers.

188

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Eiver, males, 11.70; females, $1.58; Huntsville, males, $2.50;
Farmland, males, $3.50; females, $2; Ridgeville, males, $2.(50;
females, $2; Winchester, males, $4.41; females, $2; Union City,
males, $4.7(i; females, $2,25.

A Catholic school has been maintained for many years. The
building contains two rooms, the upper room being entered by
an outer (covered) stairway. The school is conducted by two fe-
male teachers and a music teacher. It is wholly free to the i)u-
pils through the income of a fund established for that purpose
by Pet«r Kuntz, lumber dealer, a jiublic-spirited citizen of the
town and a worthy member of the Catholic Church. This school
is well patronized. The number of jjupils reaches and some-
times surpasses a hundred. If the Catholic friends seem disin-
clined to patronize the public schools, which are supported by
public taxation and freely open to the whole community, it is
well, at least, that by the princely munificence of one large-
hearted citizen, liberally contributing out of his honorable and
abimdant gains for the praiseworthy object, the poorest child
shall have eijual oi)i)ortunity at learning with the richest man in

The German Lutheran pastor has for many years maintained
a German school during the summer of each year for instruction
in the German language.

There are every summer, also, private schools hold in the pub-
lic school-rooms, for such us choose to attend them. Writing
schools iire in progress from time to time for separate and special
instruction in that important art.

Altogether, the record of Union City in educational matters
has been very creditable, and her schools are reckoned to be in a
flourishing condition.

TOWNSHIP TEUSTRES.

White IJiver— Thomas W. Kizer, lS03-<39, John W. Diggs,
1870-7(5; S. D. Coats, 1870-,S0; Ira Tripp, 1880-82.

Washington—David T. Hiatt, INCiU-Gv ; Jonathan Ozbun,
18GS; Hemy D. Nichols, ]8()S)-72; James H. Dean, 1872-70;
Ira C. Johnson, 1870-78; Joel Mills. 1878-82.

Greensfork— Jumes D. Bo wen, 1803; Levi Hill, 1804: James
H. Bowen, 1805-00; John Harlan, 1800-07; Francis G. Mor
gan, 1808-09; John W. Hill, 1870-74; John W. Taylor, 1874-
70; Isaac M. Nichols, 1870-80; John F. Middleton, 1880 82.

Monroe— -Henry Jacobs, Robert Cowgill, 1803 ; Royston
Ford, Henry Jacobs, 1804-05; James S. Davis, 1800-70; George
O. Jobes, 1870-72; James Daugherty, 1872-70; Dennis Thorn-
burg, 187G-S0; Adam Slonaker, 1880-82.

St/Duy Creek— Henry C. Thornbiirg, 1803-70; George W.
Worl, 1870-80: William T. Davis, 1880-82.

Nettle Creek — William C. Hendricks, 1803-05; William
Lumpkin, 1800-74; Hicks K. Wright, 1874-75; Lemuel Wig-
gins, 1875-78; John C. Clevinger, 1878-82.

West River— Rufus K. Mills, 18(53-05; William S. Hunt,
180(V72, 1878-81; John Hornaday, 1872-78; Levi Johnson,
1880-82.

Green- -Antony W. Jarnagin, 1803-08, 1870-72; Silas T.
Gordon, 1808-09; James McProud, 1872-74; Joseph C. Devoss,
1874-78; Luther L. Moorman, 1878-82.

Ward— Olney Whipple, 1803-04; D. F. Hawley, ]S05-<)8;
Peter Stick, 18(59; Henry W. Fields, 1870-72; Christian Nickey,
1872-74; W. W. Smith, 1874-7(5; Boniamin Clevinger, 187(5-80;
John B. Sipo, 1880-82.

Jackson— Joseph Brown, 18(53-05 (appointed), 1870-70;
Paul Gettiuger, 18(54-(55; Henry Debolt, 1800-09; Rufus G.
Hindsley, 1870-80; Peter Poorman, 1880-82.

Wayne— Robert Murphy, 1803; Alexander Gullett, 1870-72;
Jacob C. Macy, 1872-70; John M. Tumor, 1870-78; Robert B.
McKee, 1878-82.

Franklin Levi W. Mann, 1803; E. T. Bailey, 1804-07;
Isaiah C. Milner, 1808; Cyrus Blackaby, 1809; John'W. Seavey,
1870-78; George Addington, 1878-80; Isaac N. Stratton, 1 880-82,

Union City— Nathan Cadwallader, Joel N. Converse, J. M.
Janes. 1805-72; Edward Starbuck, David Ferguson, Tighlman
Tritt, Hem-y Jackson, W. A. Wiley, C. S. Hardy, L, D, Lambert, '

O. C. Gordon, Allen Jaqua, H. H. Yergin, John S. Starbuck, C.
S. Hook, W. Harris. Present board, 1881, W. A. Wiley, C. S.
Hook, William Harris.

Winchester (1872)— L. J. Monks, J. M. Hodson, Thomas W.
Kizer, A. J. Stakebabe, A. R. Hiatt, F. M. Way (account not
full), William Moore, J. L. Stakebake.

Ridgeville (1873)— M. R. Hiatt, D. W. Ward, Eoujamin F.
Boltz, W. S. Morritt, W. F. Studebaker, M. T. Sumption, H. T.
Kitzelman, A. H Farquhar.

Huntsville (1878)— Albert Jacobs, Horace M. Keevor, Will-
iam W. Miller.

Farmland (1870)— J. S, Davis, W. W. Fowler, L. A. Gable,
J. H, Merridith, P. O. Hewitt, H. P. Wood. Present Trustees,
J. H. Merridith, P. O. Hewitt, H. F. AVood.

Note — The above list may possibly be deficient, or even inac-
curate, though much care has been exercised in its preparation.

In the pioneer days, the people found but. little time and had
small means to devote to the cultivation or the enjoyment of the
fine arts— and particularly as to music. The fact that many of
the pioneers were "Quakers" was unfavorable to its extensive
development, since that excellent society seem to have regarde<1
the knowledge iuid the practice of that beautiful ^t as unneces-
sary, and, perhaps, even improper. That prejudice (if it be one)
has at the present time greatly worn away, i\nd the minds of the
people at large have gradually been awakened to this fact that
"music hath charms to soothe the savage breast;" that so far
from its being a sin or a crime, or even a needless wiiste of time
or means, it is in reality one of the greatest blessings to the hu-
man race, that the knowledge and culture thereof tend in a won-
derful degree to soften the roughnesses of life, and to encourage
and develop everything lovely and amiable in the human soul.

The first public movement known to the writer toward a
higher degree of attention to the subject of music in Randolph
County was a musical convention, or rather institute, held at
Winchester in the winter of 1870-71, by Prof. W. S. Montgom-
ery, assisted by J. D. Boggs, of Huntsville, Ohio, and William
T. Giffe, then just beginning his work as an instructor in that ex-
cellent art, since grown famous both as a teacher and as an au-
thor, and now teacher of music in the schools of Logansport,
Ind. This institute at AVinchester was the place of his first ap-
pearance before the pul)lic as a musical instructor. Prof. Mont-
gomery conducted a class in a course of forty-eight lessons, and,
at the close of this school, the convention was held for two weeks,
having three sessions each day, -and giving a thorough and ox-
tensive di-ill in the rudiments and the practicp of the noble and
delightful art, and ending with a public concert. Altogether, it
may bo reckoned to have been a musical success, and laid a
broad and solid foundation for the advancement that has since
taken place in this branch oi culture and refinement in Randolph'
County. Many of the members of that convention yet reside in
the county, and look back to that ' " beginning of things " with
great satisfaction and delight, and still stand firm and steadfast
friends and helpers in this excellent work. A public lecture was
delivered at the concert by a gentleman from Indianapolis, whose
name is not now recollected, and altogether, greet good was
done.

Prof. Montgomery has since that time performed much mu-
sical work in Ran.lolph and AVnyne Counties. He has taught
adult or juvenile classes (in some cases both at once) in many
places throughout the county, has held some conventions and
conducted several concerts. Ho has taught at Ridgeville, "Win-
chester, Union City, Arba, Lynn, Giload, Spartansburg and else-
where. A convention was held at Ridgeville in June, 1874,
assisted by Prof. Boggs — one at Spartansburg, Christmas,
1879, and one at Lynn, March, 1881. The schools were mostly
closed, by public concerts, the one at Spartansburg receiving the
a.s8istauce of Prof. William T. Giffe. These concerts have been
in every case occasions of deep public interest and of great and
lasting advantage.

Mr, Montgomery is a nuisical instructor and perfonner of
many years' standing, and has achieved a high reputation in his

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COirNTY.

189

line of labor in Randolph, Jay, Blackford and Wayne Counties,
Ind., during twenty -five years of energetic and successful efforts
put forth in this direction, and his enthusiastic exertions have
aided greatly in developing a pleasing degree of attention to the
subject of music, and the knowledge of the science and the amount
of skill in the practice of the art has been largely owing to his
earnest work performed in its behalf.

In the fall of 1N80, Mr. Montgomery was employed to give
instruction in music to thn public schools of Winchester, and his
services have been secured for the same purpose during the year
1881-82. Music has been and still is taught in the Union City
schools and probably the same thing has been done in some other
places in the county. The music teacher in the Union City public
schools at the present time is Prof. Harlan, who is also one of
the regular teachers of the High School. Prof. Burgett and
others have taught music at different times at Winchester and
elsewhere within the county.

There are many organs, pianos, etc., in the region, and, on
the whole, there is a gratifying and growing degree of interest
taken in the subject by the citizens of Randolph, and that in-
terest will doubtless increase still more and more in time to come.
It is a fact that may be of interest, although known to few, that,
forty or fifty years ago, and for thirty years or more, music, vocal
and instrumental, was taught through Randolph and Wayne and
other counties by a colored gentleman who was an enthusiast in
the art, and, for those early times, a skillful and efficient in-
structor and performer. But age and infirmity have done their
work, and "OldGabe Smith" travels round to teach singing-
. schools and hold concerts no more.

Union City has been very backward in furnishing improve-
ment and instruction in the way of lectures. A lecture system
was attempted during the winter of 1879-80 and maintained
during several weeks, with only moderate success. The season
was unfavorable, the evenings being occupied by religious meet-
ings, etc., during the entire winter. The course of eight lectures
by resident citizens was completed as follows: Eev. William
Coulter, "Cromwell and His Times;" Rev. E.Tucker, "Lib-
erty," a poem; Prof. Treudley, '"The Heavens;" Dr William
Commons, "Homer and Siege of Troy;" Dr. C. S. Evans, "Oxy-
gen;" S. R. Bell, Esq., "Pompeii;" Rev. C. G. Bartholomew,
"The Old and the New; " Rev. H. J. Mock, "Hash." The lect-
ures were greatly enjoyed by those who were attendants upon
the course, and they felt themselves richly repaid, both for the
time and the money expended. The attendance, however, was
but meager, considering the size and wealth and culture of the
tovra, and the mere nominal price of tickets — 50 cents for the
course of eight lectures. The services of the lecturers were
wholly gratuitous, yet they gave much time for the preparation
of their addresses, and their efforts were worthy of a better recep-

A second lecture course was attempted by means (as before)
of home talent. This series was to be historical, comprising the
annals of the United States, from "prehistoric times" to the
present happy, peaceful era wherein we joyful " live and have
our being." The course consisted of ten lectures, with authors
and subjects as follows: Dr. William Commons, "Prehistoric;"
Dr. Green, "Period of Discovery;" Rev. Keister, "Period of
Colonization;" Rev. H. J. Mock, "French and Indian War;"
Prof. Treudley, " Revol.utionary Period;" S. R. Bell, Esq.,
"Constitution; War of 1812," etc.; Rev. E. Tucker, "Jackson
and Adams," etc., first lecture; ditto, second lecture; Rev. W. D.
Stone, "Mexican War;" Rev. William Coulter, "Civil War to
the Present Time." The first eight were delivered by the gen-
tlemen named. The ninth lecture was prepared and delivered
by Dr. William Commons, Rev. Stone asking to be excused on
recount of the press of his other labors. The last has not yet
^"obruary 11, 1881) been given, as the reverend gentleman has
• Cia absent for some weeks from the town on private business.
ili was not delivered at all, because he removed from the city.)
... li second course was 1L!» the first, highly appreciated by those
who attended, but this time, also, the attendance was but meager.

entirely unworthy, as to numbers, of the earnest efforts put forth
by the i)ublio spirited gentlemen who spent so much time to
please and entertain an unappreciative public. Whether the
watch-word for next winter will be the schoolboy's motto — " Try,
try again," cannot at this time be told.

Lectures have also been delivered at Winchester at different
times b)' distinguished gentlemen from abroad, as Rev. Mr.
Flotchor, President Burgess, Prof. Fertich and others, but no
special facts are at hand concerning them.

Much has been done in this department in Randolph County
for many years past, and Sunday schools are held in nearly every
meeting-house and some schoolhousos in the county. But we
lack statistics in detail upon this subject, and beg leave to be al-
lowed to omit further statement as to this interesting and impor-
tant matter. Some information (ioncerning it may bo found in the
acicount of the various churches.

L1BBABIE8.

Maay residents of Randolph possess extensive librai'ies.
Among such may be named, as known to the writer, Hon. Thomas
M. Browne and Gen. Asahel Stone, both of Winchester. There
are doubtless many others who own tine collections of valuable
books, clergymen, attorneys, physicians, teachers, as also other
citizens of means and culture, have expended much money in
gathering valuable libraries. Of public libraries, not much can
be said. Many years ag<5, legal provision was made for township
libraries, by which each township in the county and the State
acquired a large number of books of more or less value. These
libraries still exist to some extent, though they are sadly neglect-
ed, both as to care and use. Public libraries, other than the
township libraries already mentioned, are unknown in the
county. Three small circulating libraries are known to be in
use — Winchester High School Library, Union City High School
Library and Union City Library. All three are small, yet new
and valuable, and the books are extensively read by the persons
entitled to their use, and wisdom would dictate that the collec-
tions in (}ue8tion should be greatly enlarged. It is a fact, more-
over, though probably not extensively known, that a law was
passed many years ago, and is still in force, authorizing cities ,
and towns, on certain conditions, to take stock in libraries which
may have been established by private munificence; and money,
whether private or public, might be put to many uses less bene-
ficial than to create and maintain public libraries.

CHAPTER XIII.

TEMPERANCE.

THE cause of abstinence from intoxicating liquors found early
advocacy in Randolph County.

The Friends had for many years been taking strong and com-
paratively high groiind against the common use of strong drink,
as had also the Methodists of the earlier days, not, perhaps,
strictly identical with, yetmuch similai- to, the more modem dis-
tinctive movement.

This movement was, in fact, a gradual one, growing by pro-
gressive steps, and through various efforts during the lapse of
many years, taking at length the shape of the American Tem-
perance Society, which was formed at Boston, Masa, in about
1826, on the principle of total abstinence from ardent spirits as

That movement spread rapidly and extensively through the
settled portions of the country, and in ten years had become a
general success, insomuch that the habits of drinking and offer-
ing ardent spirits, their use in harvest and at raisings, etc, as

190

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

also their sale in tlio goneral stores and groceries of the country
had, in very extensive regions, mostly or entirely ceased. During
several years before 1881), most of the active temperance workers
became convinced that the enterprise could not be permanently
successful unless all intoxicating drinks wore abandoned. The
pledge against all such licjuors gradually superseded the old
. jiledge; and, in 1S3(), the American Temperance Association
changed its ground accordingly, framing its pledge substantially
as follows:

The undersigned, believing that the use of intoxicating drinks
as a beverage is not necessary, but rather injui-ious, and that
while their moderate use is continued the evils of drunkenness
can never be prevented, do hereby mutually pledge ourselves to
each other that we will neither use nor traffic in the same nor
furnish thom to others; and that in all suitable ways we will dis-
courage such use and traffic in the community.

This gi-ound thus taken in 1S3(), forty-six years ago, has b(*en
in substance the basis and foundation of all temperance acticm
since that time. During forty years past the forms of opposi-
tion to the use of intoxicating drinks as a beverage, and to the
traffic in the same, have been legion; the principle in all, how-
over, being substantially identical.

The detailed histoiy of temperance work in Randolph County
during those early times is supposed to be not now accessible.

The first temperance meeting of which we have an account
was held at the court house in Winchester about 1S8(), under
the auspices of the original National Association, with the pledge
against distilled liquors. Temperance societies were formed
extensively throughout the county, and the religious element
for the most part became convinced of the correctness of the
principles of the movement, and the necessity of the work pro-
posed.

Among those who were actively engaged wore Moorman
Way, Paul W. AVay. John Way. Henry Huffman, Thomas Fisher,
Isom Puckett, William Harris, J. E. Beverly, M. A. Koeder,
James Clayton, the Dunkirk Friends in gonei-al, and many
others whose names cannot now be giveu.

J. E. Beverly, then a young man tmder age, was, for a con-
siderable time, Secretary of the County Society, and Isom Puckett
was at one time its President.

The movement flourished for several years, and most good
people wore indoctrinated with its principles. Moorman Way
at one time walketl eight miles to attend a temperance meeting
held by a Presbyterian clergyman who was an active and tal-
ented advocate of the cause.

Soon after 1840, the movement was revived in the form of
Washingtonianism. One Mr. Porter, from Cincinnati, held
meetings at Winchester for that cause, and. perhajjs, organized
societies here, and the movement extended as before through-
out the coimty at large, and continued to prevail for s"veral years,
with much enthusiasm.

Up to this time the various temperance societies had been
open and free to all ; but, as the Washingtonian movement began
to show symptoms of decline, the temperance work took now
shape in the form of secret ttssociations of various kinds. Per-
haps the earliest, at least one of the earliest, was the Sons of
Temperance. It began in Now York City, but .spread rapidly
westward, and was soon planted in Randolph County, in 1S44.
Others wore Good Templars, Daughters of Temporancp, Temples
of Honor, etc.

These associations have done an extensive work, continuing
for many years, in some cases even down to the present time.
In some respects tte work done by these various societies was
more restricted than the former movements, chiefly from two
causes. First, niJiny ardent temperance workers were in convic-
tion opposed to f^ecrot societies, and could not, in conse(juence,
affiliate with their work; and such, while deeply sympathizing
with the object to be attained, and unwilling to throw anything in
the way, yet felt obliged to .stand aloof from active pai'ticipation.
The second re;iaoii was that the various secret ordei-s re([uired
the payment of moiiey as a pre-recpiisite of memborshii), and as
a condition of continued (jonuection.

In the summer of 1854, a Fourth of July tempiu-auoc C(Mo-

l)ration was held at Wincluwter. Groat preparation had been
made, and great display was indulged in. All the temperance
orders then in vogue were present, and marched in procession in
regalia. An immense crowd wiis in attendance, and great enthu-
siasm was apparent. Just before that, an event of notable im-
portance in temperance had taken place in Winchester. A noto-
rious saloou-keopor had delicd the whole power of public senti-
ment and kept brazenly on with his mischievous work. He had
been appealed to in every way. and especially by the ladias of
the village, to cease his work and close his saloon. He refused.
A citizen of the town, once honored and prominent, who had at
one time boon County Sherifl', having become a hard drinker,
was lying sick from a debauch and prostrated with delirium tre-
mens. He Anally died with this awful disease, and while his
lifeless corpse was lying stai'k and stiff at his vsrotched home,
the ladies of Winchester gathered at the domicile of his afflicted
widow, and, jilacing her at their head, formed a largo ami im-
[)osing procession and marched in a body to the grog shoji where
this man had bought much of his liquor, and sternly demanded
of the keeper that he destroy his liquoi-s and quit the business
of di'am selling. He refused, and they proceeded to smash in
his liquor barrels, and spilled the whole in the street. Great ex-
citement throughout the region was the consequence. The grog
.seller sued thewoiuou, but, owing to the fact that all their wives
were engaged in the onslaught, none of the attorneys of Win-
chester would engage for the plaintiff, and he was obliged to get
legal assistance from Greenville, Ohio, and elsewhere. The
final issue of the case is not now remembered. (See Judge Col-
gi-ove's biography). The case was strongly commi^nted on, and
the spirit of the courageous ladies highly praised by the gifted
orator of tho day. Matthew R. Hull, Esq., who to an enthusiastic
and elo([uont delivery, added a most sarcastic and liery manner,
and his invectives against tho heinous traffic and all its partici-
pators were bitter and terrible.

For many yeai's one of tho most active and indefatigable
workei-s in the various departments has been Miss Amanda M.
Way. who has in later years gained even a national reputation.

E. B. Reynolds Esq., has also, among perhajjs others, become
famous through the country as an energetic and successful tem-
perance orator and lecturer, having within the last year or two
been engaged in the work in Kansas of bringing the temi)orance
sentiment of that State to the point of adojjting the prohibitory
amendment in the constitution of that State.

Within a few years past, several new phases of tho temperance
work have made their appearance.

Some ten years ago, an organization intended to embrace all
existing societies was foruied, called tho Temperance Alliance,
which, for a time, did efficient work in educating the people in
the princi])les of total abstinence.

About February, 1874, the Women's Crusade broke out at
Union City, and for a brief season swept everything before it.
Almost all the Christian women of the place were engaged in
the work. It grew up without previous notice or preparation,
and the movement seemed to be the spontaneous outburst of an
overwhelming sense of tho terrible i)ower and curse of the drink-
ing habit, and tho fearful evils of tho liquor traffic. The Cru-
sade first took shape at Washington Court House, a village in
Southern Central Ohio, and was taken up rapidly thi'oughout the
State. A gentleman known as the "Ohio Broad Ax." held some
meetings at Union City, and told how they were doing in Ohio.

At one of these meetings, on Fridaj'i a committee of ladies
was appointed to decide upon a coursoof action. The Commit-
tee was Mrs. Commons. Galloway, Croner and McFeely. On
Saturday, tho Committee, three of them, mot at Mr. Commons'
office. Mif. Commons was made President, Mrs. Galloway, Vice
President, and Mrs. Croner, Secretal-y; A kind of constitution
was drawn up, coupled with a general pledge " to do what thoy
could." A meeting was hold on Monday night, and seventy-tive
ladies signed that i)ledge. The next'xjay at 1 o'clock, another
nleotiug was held at the Presbyterian Church. One hundred
and flfty or more ladies were present. Religious exercises were
had. but no deliuite plan of action had been decided on. Sud-
d(Mily one lady said. " Lot us go to Cain's saloon." Others also

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

191

said, " Let us go." The proposition was voted with a rush. A
procession of about two hundred ladies was formed, two and
two, and down they went, arm in arm, to Cain's saloon.

The news spread over town like wild-fire, and the citizens
came crowding down, fearful of the treatment their wives might
receive from the saloon men and the roughs who wero also there
in great numbers. The ladies entered, their lenders pu.shing up
to the counter and commencing a talk with Cain. He brandished
an article written by some clergyman or other in opposition to
the Crusade in other quarters, telling "women to keep at home,"
and mind their own business, etc.. and demanded them to "read
that " and learn their duty. Meanwhile Cain, expecting prayer
by the ladies, seemed desirous of having the matter over as
speedily as possible, and asked the ladies if they wished to have
prayers. No plan to that effect had been made, but the ' 'spirit
of the time " was on them, and Mrs. Commons, who was one of
the leaders, replied that if he would kee)) the crowd still, they
would. He said they should bo still, and Mrs. Enos Turpen en-
gaged in prayer, after singing. The whole thing was sponta-
neous; no plan whatever had been arranged, and they did simply
what the Spirit led them to do. Mrs. Turpen made a most mov-
ing prayer. Her soul was all on fire, and she evidently spake as
the Spirit gave her utterance. Some who were there said, ' ' She
prayed like an angel, " and that " such another prayer was never
heard from human lips." At one point the roughs seemed about
to break loose. Mrs. C. glanced at Mr. Cain, and he hushed
them with his fist. After prayer, he insisted that his article
should be read; and Mrs. Commons, standing behind the counter,
in the midst of that strangely mingled crowd — Christian ladies,
their husbands and friends, the saloon keepers and the roughs,
read the article. He boasted of its doctrine, written by a clergy-
man, and admonished the ladies to go home and be quiet and
let his business alone.

Some said, " Let us go home." Mrs. Commons said, " No, I
want to talk" and said to Mr. Cain, "Will you keep them
still?" "Yes, I will." Mrs. Commons went on to make her
speech, taking the article as the basis. She said afterward that
she felt as though " the power " rested on her, and she spoke
simply as she was moved upon. The crowd were restrained from
doing the ladies harm, and tbey went home. The next day the
work was renewed, and so.it continued for some two weeks, and,
for the time, every saloon but one was closed,

The movement could not, in the nature of things, be kept up
indefinitely, and the saloons after a time, opened again to resume
their work of making drunkards for money.

A legal movement was also commenced against the saloon
keepers, which, however, resulted in failure from the well-known
fact that to obtain evidence against saloon keepers is generally
utterly impossible.

At Cain's saloon, Mrs. Commons spoke about twenty minutes,
and the house was as still as death. She seemed wonderfully
helped, and spoke freely and with great apparent effect. The
saloon keeper seemed like a caged lion. When Mrs. C. closed
her speech, she said, "Now I am ready to go;" and the ladies
marched away as solemnly as though it were a funeral. The
Marshal on the Ohio side, though a drinking man, declared, "No
one shall harm you," and he went with them for protection as
they went their round to every saloon on the Ohio side; and
then they went back to the church and found the house filled
with gentlemen. The next day they visited every saloon on the
Indiana side. One was so frightened that he put up iron bars
to his windows. He agreed to close out Another sent a letter
to the Committee offering to ship the liquor back to the wholesale
house and qiiit the business. Four places w.^re closed out on
the Indiana side.

The Ohio side was visited again, and for some time every
liquor shop but one was shut up. There had been twenty sa-
loons, and for some weeks all were closed except one.

Suits were also brought against several liquor sellers. One
offered to close up if they would drop the suit, but the Alliance
would not do it.

Cain was shut up by a legal process for awhile; but after a
time he began again.

The Alliance held meetings every day until October, in the
Presbyterian Church, and after that once a week.

The suits that had been begun at Greenville proved a costly
failure, since in a liquor loving community evidence against rum
sellers can scarcely be obtained.

The next year (1S75), the ladies of Indiana met at Indian-
apolis and formed the Women's Christian Temperance Union,
and auxiliary unions were formed in Randolph County; and,
among other places, at Union City, which was more or less effect-
ive in sustaining the temperance spirit and prosecuting temper-
ance work. In November, 1875, a National Union was organized
at Cleveland, Ohio, and the Indiana Union was made auxiliary
thereto.

Francis Murphy began his work in Pittsburgh, Penn., late in
the fall of 1S7(1. G-reat success attended his labors. Many tem-
perance converts were made, and the movement spread exten-
sively East and West. Among others the Timmony brothers
joined the Mui-phy movement, and began to hold meetings from
place to place. In process of time, they came to Galion, Ohio.
Meanwhile, the Temperance Alliance work was going on at Union
and elsewhere in Randolph County; but there was no knowledge
in detail of the Murph)' movement.

A great religious revival was in progress in Union City among
the Methodista under the leadership of Rev. Mr. Vigus, theij'
pastor. But an anxiety arose to become acquainted with the
Murphy movement, and, if practicable, to introduce it there.
A meeting was called at the Methodist Church for consultation.
At this meeting, Mrs. Commons made a statement of what little
knowledge sh.i had gained from the papers of the time, and her
nephew, Mr. Dodge, who had been in the work in Eastern Ohio,
was visiting at her home, and, being present at the meeting,
was called np, and he told what he knew. Ho stated, among
other things, that the work was carried on mostly by the re-
formed men thomselvos. A committee was appointed, and an-
other meeting was held in a few days. The committee, how-
ever, had prei)ared no report. The Timmony brothers were at
this time at Galion, Ohio. The committee was discharged and
another one was appointed to confer with the Timmony boys,
find arrange for them to come to Union, if possibla The com-
mittee did so, and they agreed to come four nights. The people
flocked to the meetings, and joined in great numbers, and it wus
clear that they ought to stay longer. But money was required
to pay the rent of the hall as well as to pay the lecturers. At
first a collectior was taken each night, but that did not seem
likely to be sufficient, and, among other things, a plan was ar-
ranged by which an individual gentleman or firm became re-
sponsible for the hall rent one night apiece. Thus the meet-
ings were continued eleven nights. As the result, about two
thousan 1 names were obtained, and for a time drinking liquor
in Union City was mostly at an end. .

A reading room and rooms for amusement and recreation
were hired and fitted up and the movement went on quite en-
thtisiastically for a time. The ladies helped the enterprise
much in every possible way. Among other things, they held a
strawberry festival to raise funds for the Murphy club, wh'cb
netted $1(50. But the movement flagged in interest and zeal,
and is now entirely extinct. Many went out and held meetings
throughout the surrounding country, and formed auxiliary
clubs, thus bringing many into the work.

The enterprise was soon after set on foot at Winchester, and
with great api>arent effect, though the results seem not to have
been permanent. Among the gentlemen who were more or less
prominent at Union City in furnishing funds for the movement,
were Messrs. Cadwallader, Starbuck, Worthington, Pierce, An-
derson, Reeder & Bowersox, Turpen and others.

As already stated, the Women's Temperance Union was sub-
sequently formed, and continues to the present time.

During many years, the temperance sentiment has been very-
strong, so much so as mostly to prevent the existence of licensed
saloons. At Union City, at Ridgeville, at Farmland, at Fairview,
at Spartansburg, at Lynn, at Arba, sometimes at Winchester,
liquor saloons have for the most part been prevented. The his-

HISTORY OF ]{ANDOLPII COUNTY.

tory of the movemont in this respect would furnish much in-
teresting and instructive material, yet tlie demon of drink is
like that other demon of misf.hief, thrustinff himself into every
company, and everywhere seeking whom he may devoiu*: and
many are cast down by his power. One ageuc_\ for temperance
employed for a time with good effect at Union City and perhaps
elsewhere, was the holding of Sunday afternoon strest moi^tings.
•Many were held with large attendance, and it is hoped with
good results. The speeches at those meetings were good, and
often elocpiont, and doubtless many listened to temperance truth
from the sidewalk and the street corner who would not trouble
themselves to attend a meeting held indoars.

The religious denominations have boon mostly active in the
temperance work from the beginning, as also many who were
oulside the churches. In fact, good and philanthropic men and
women of all shades of belief in other respects have made com-
mon cause of the temperance work, and have marched shoulder
to shoulder in the grand war against the legions of king acohol.

Especially have the members of the Legislature from Ran-
dolph distinguished themselves in that body in undertaking to
enact measures for the suppression of the drink traffic. Messrs.
Stone, Ward, Monks, Butts, Moorman, Reeder, Cadwallader,
Watson, Murray, Hill, and doubtless others not now recollected
were eai-nest in the work, and some of them strongly radical in
their views and actions.

Hon. M. A. Reeder introduced a bill for the entire suppression
of the traffic. Hon. Nathan Butts was Chairman of the Tem-
perance Committee in that Legislature which passed the so-called
Baxter bill. That bill was the result of the joint labors of
Messrs. Butts and Baxter, aided by the suggestions and advice
of many other active and judicious friends of temi>erance, both
in the Legislature and out of it The jjerfected bill was pre-
sented by Mr. Butts as Chairman of the Committee. The only
s[)eech in its favor in the House was made by him, and it [)assod
both branches of the Legislature, was signed by Gov. H<»ndricks
on his sick bod, with gi'oat interest expressed by him in its ))ehalf,
and became a law, only to be killed shortly afterward by an ad-
verso decision of the Indiana Supreme Court

The people of Randolph County take a very deep interest in
the movement during the present Legislative session (1880-81),
to pass laws preventing or restraining the liquor traffic, as al"o
to enact a prohibitory amendment to the Indiana Constitution,
and Hon. Mr. Murray in the House and Hon. Mr. Bundy in tho
Senate (from Henry County, but representing also Randolph),
have been found uniformly active and voting for temperance and
against the traffic in intoxicating liquors. Strong efforts have
been made at different times in the Legislatiu'e of Indiana to
pass stringent laws against intoxicating drinks, notably in 1854-
55. 1872-73, and 1880-81. The first two laws mentioned were
both killed in the courts. liiquor selling seems to be considered
by the com'ts of Indiana to be under their special protection as
though that particular method of wholesale and remediless mis-
chief must be left untouched and unmolested, perfectly free to
execute its murderous work without let or hindrance from any
quarter.

A new struggle is now at hand as to the litjuor traffic, to wit.
its total suppression by constitutional amendment, and upon this
(juestion doubtless Randoljih will give for herself a good report
when the ballots are counted, and helji strongly on the righ.t
side to determine the result of the popular election held for the
expression of the will of the citizens of Indiana upon this vital
(piestion.

One outgrowth of the Woman's Cnisado in Union Cit)' was
the Young Men's Christian Association.

After the saloons had been closed by the Crusade, the ladies
sent to Indianapolis for Dr. Munhall to come to Union City and
organize a Young Men's Christian Association. He did so, and
the following autumn the association established themselves in
a jileasant location with a reading room and library. The Y. M.
C. A. has been in operation with more or less activity ever since.

For a time the Y. M. C. A. and the W. C. T.'U. occupied
the same rooms, holding fi-equent meetings, and cuiTying for-
wai-d their respective enteiiirises with energy and success.

The Murphy movement took hold at Winchester with a rush,
and seemed for a short time to sweep everything into its cur-
rent; but tho enterprise soon declined, and for a long time it has
shown little or no activity. In Farmland and Ridgeville, a long-
er life was attained, the latter place continuing its work in
this ri^spect even to the present. Tho Women's Christian Tom-
])pranco Union is organized by townshifis. The County Union
has a President, with a Vice President in each township.

In 18S0, there was formed at Indianapolis an organization
called the Grand Council. It was composed of delegates from
the various temperance societies and orders in the State, such as
Christian Temperance Unions, Good Templars, Temples of Honor,
Blue Ribbons, Red Ribbons, Sons of Temperance, Knights
Temijlar, etc. The chief work of the winter was the circu-
lation of petitions to the Legislature asking for a prohibitoiy
amendment to the State Constitution forbidding the manufact-
ure and sale of intoxicating drinks as a beverage, and also for
a law to prevent, so far as possible, the evils of the li(pior traffic.

In the session of 1875, Hon. M. A. Reeder, Representative
from Randolph County, presented a bill for the suppression of
the traffic in intoxicating drinks as follows;

reeder's prohibition bill.
Av act to supjvvfts ttip. mamifactwe and salf of intooricnting

drinks, and for piininhing into.rication :

Section 1 . Any person or persons within this State who
shall manufacture, buy, sell or give away any intoxicating
drinks, for any purpose whatever, or be found in a state of in-
toxication, shall, upon conviction thereof, be deemod guilty of a
misdemeanor, and shall be fined in any sum not less than .¥5
nor more than $50, and for any subsequent offense shall bo im-
prisoned in the county jail for any time not less than five days
nor more than thirty days.

Section 2. All acts, and part of acts, coming in conflict with
this act are herelsy repealed.

Section 3, It shall bo the duty of the Clork of the Circuit
Court to make proclamation, as provided by law for other elec-
tions, that a poll will be opened on the first Monday in April,
1875, and at each general election thoi'eafter, at the usual places
of holding elections in the several townships and wards in the
county, under the same regulations as are now provided by law.
for the purpose of accepting or rejecting by ballot the provisions
in Section 1 of this act, and if a majority of the legal voters of
any township or ward in the county shall elect to receive the
provisions of Section 1 of this act, then it shall be in full force
until tho next general election; but if a majority of voters shall
elect to reject the ])rovisions of this act, then it shall be void and
of no effect.

Section 4. Whereas, an emergency exists for the immediate
taking effect of this bill, the same shall be in force from and
after its passage.

This bill proceeds on what is by many conceived to be the
only true principle of law and morals with reference to the liquor
traffic, that the lousiness is fraught with such constant and wide-
spread and inevitable mischief to the human family as to be
liroperly and perpetually a nuisance, and that therefore the
traffic is pre-eminently a crime, and that it should be forbidden
and )iunished like any other hiu'tful and destructive practice.

It has been difficult to obtain any considerable detaileil
statement of temperance work in Union City from the beginning.
The sentiment against the traffic in intoxicating drinks has al-
ways been very- sti'ong and active, proving uniformly effective to
prevent tho open traffic. Men have tried to obtain license to
sell, but thus far without success. The methods of temperance
efforts have been vai-ious. Sons of Temperance, G(.v)d Templars,
Daughters of Temperance, Temperance Alliance, National Chi-is-
tiaii Temperance Union (M'irphy),Ci'usade, Juvenile Temperance
Band, etc. , etc., have all borne a part in the gieat work. At one
time, monthly street meetings were held, which sometimes drew
large crowds to temperance addresses. Some temperance Fomih
of Julv celebrations have been held. Lecturers have addressed

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

193

the people. Clorgymon for the most part have been faithful to
their duty to draw men by the cords of love to the joyful coiu-ts of
the palace of sobriety.

Yet, in spite of all, intemperance has done a fearful work
even here. The unfortunate fact that the State line cuts the
town in two, and that the liquor traffic is in full bhist across
that line, has tempted many a father, husband, brother and son
to the wretched paths of di-unkenness and shame. Many a sol-
emn resolve, strengthened sometimes by a recorded oath, has
melted like snow before the heat of a noonday sun, or like wax
before the fire; and the " demon of drink" has driven the poor
perjured wretch, over promises, and oaths, and prayers, and
tears, headlong down to a drunkard's despised and dishonored

An interesting account can be found in S. Branham's Reminis-
cences, how two saloons were "squelched" in Union City, Ind., at
almost the very starting of the town. Every now and then the
"Old Demon" raises his head and swears he will break looso
on the Indiana side, when herculean efforts will be put forth to
tighten his chain, and thus far with success.

Yet tiere is abundant and fearful drinking and draukenness
to boot, even on the Indiana side. Two remarks are made by
the residents of Union City, Ohio — one by the temjjerance men
and the other by the saloon-keepers. The first say, "The drink-
ing comes chiefly from Indiana." The second say: "You pre-
tend to try to suppress liquor saloons on your side; if you knew
what and how many citizens and business men, and even church
members, come regularly 'across the line' to take their 'driun,'
you would be amazed and hide your head in shame. "

Within a range of less than two blocks from a certain point on
the Indiana side resided at one time three notorious and habitual
drunkards, some of whom abuse their wives in a most brutal manner,
and all three are far gone in inebriety and wretchedness. Sa-
loon-keepers have been warned repeatedly to cease selling to
them, but they disregard the warning, or else others are cruel
enough to get for their besotted comrades the devilish drink, and
they come home drunk as before. Words cannot describe, imagi-
nation cannot paint the ceaseless and measureless evils of the use
of intoxicating liquors as a beverage and of the traffic therein.
Open saloons are kept across the line, but drunkenness and its
curses are here and among us still.

Several efforts have been made to establish saloons on the In
diana side, sometimes accompanied with great determination to
succeed, which have been uniformly met, however, by the most
energetic opposition on the part of the prominent citizens of the
place. A history of some of these contests would possess great
interest. In one case, a few years ago, after defeating the sa-
loonists at Winchester, before the Commissioners, they appealed
to the Circuit Court and obtained a change of venue to Muncie,
in an adjoining county, thinking the temperance jieople would not
follow them. They were followed, however, in force, and, notwith-
standing sharp practice, which might well be called trickery by
the liquor men, they were finally defeated with heavy costs.

The history in detail of the contest against the liquor traffic
in Randolph County would by itself till a large volume. That
history, however, cannot here be given at greater length than has
already been done.

SONS OP TEMPERANCE.

The order was instituted in New York City, September 29,
1842. The object was to solidify and perpetuate the results of
the Washingtonian Society. It is now composed of a national or-
ganization, fifty-seven grand divisions aud nearly 3,000 subordi-
nate divisions, embracing every State and nearly every Territory
— Canada, Great Britain and the islands both of the Atlantic and
the Pacific. It has enrolled as members more than throe millions
of persons. Its fundamental principle is, "Total abstinence
from all intoxicating drinks."

Connected with the order is an association for females, en-
titled Daughters of Tem])erance, as also one embracing young
persons, called Cadets of Temperance. The first division in In-
diana was formed in 1.S4C.

On the 22d day of June, 1881, the National Division of the
Sons of Temperance for North Ajnerica met at Saratoga, N. Y.

The order of the Sons was established at an early day in Ran-
dolph County, and for a long time seemed to flourish. In 1854,
a grand Fourth of July celebration for temperance in Randolph
County was held at Winchester, embracing the Sons, the Good
Templars and other temperance associations. The occasion at-
triicted an immense crowd, and the exercises were greatly im-
pressive, and doubtless much good was accomplished.

This onier. arising in New York City about 1854, was intro-
duced into Randolph County by the creation of Winchester
Lodge, No. 3, April 15, 1854, by G. W. C. F. Hatch, of New
York City. During the same year, lodges were established at
Union City, Farmland, Windsor, Kidgeville, Lynn, Huntsville,
Maxville and Spai-tansburg. The work spread rapidly in the
State, fifty lodges being organized in less than a year. The Grand
Lodge for the State was organized at Winchester, January 17,
1855. At this convention, forty -three lodges were represented,
comprising nearly three thousand members. F. G. Hall was
elected G. W. C. T., and Gen. Asahel Stone, G. W. S.

Since that time, lodges have been instituted at Blooming-
port, Buena Vista, Deerfield, Mon-istown, Fairview, Harrisville
and Jericho. These societies continued in operation many years,
sowing good seed, spreading the knowledge and the practice of
total abstinence, reclaiming the inebriate and saving the young
from the formation of the terrible habit of drink. Most of them
have ceased to work, the temperance sentiment of the time hav-
ing created other channels of outflow, and developing and
strengthening itself in other forms and by other methods of
operation.

Alwut 1879 or 1880, a gentleman by the name of Porter, who
was a reformed inebriate, held many meetings and formed sev-
eral " Porter Lodges" in Randolph County, chiefly in the west-
ern pai-t. His influence seemed to be great for the time, and
many were brought to espouse the cause of total abstinence
thi'ough his efforts. Whether the societies have continued to
flourish and what has become of their founder is to lis unknown,

INDEPENDENT TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT.

The Murphy movement, after some years of activity, seemed to
lag and die. During the winter of 1879-80, anew movement
sprang up which has been in operation with greater or less de-
gree of activity ever since. Meetings were sustained several
times a week during the greater part of 1880, interspersed oc-
casionally with concerts for amusement, instruction and pocun-
iai-y profit. At first the Association fitted up a hall in the third
story of a brick building east of the Branham House. The lo-
cation, however, was difiticult of access, and considerably uncom-
fortable, especially in hot weather. During the summer of
1880, the Association succeeded in raising money and labor
enough to erect a Tabernacle on a vacant lot, south side of Oak
street, easi, of the Bowers Building. The edifice is neat, though
cheaply Imilt, and with no pretense at show or display, capable of
accommodating seven hundred or eight hundred people. The
Tabernacle was opened in July, 1880, by a series of tempei-ance
meetings, which wore largely attended. Addresses, lectures and
a temperance Simday school were kept up in the Tabernacle
until the weather became too cold, the school being under
the charge of Miss Dwinell. The Tabernacle furnishes a
very good place for largo meetings of any kind. Several politi-
cal" gatherings a.sembled there during the campaign of 1880.
The room is on the ground, and thus easy of access. It has no
floor, except the earth covered with sawdust, wliich fact adds
wonderfully to the ijuiet of the meetings, as there can be no
noise from walking, stamping, and such things.

We are soiTy to be obliged to state that this Association has
entirely ceased its workings, and that the Tabernacle has been
sold to pay a debt which was contracted for its construction, and
it is now used as a carriage shoj'.

In fact, the temperance work seems to be almost wholly dor-
1 mant in Union City. Efforts have been made from time to time

IJISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

a interest, but, from some cause, with no apparent suc-

This Association was formed in 1879, and is carrying ou tlie
wnrlf iMviulifir to its splioro with more or less energy and success.
A coiu'se of lectmot was held under its auspices during the
winter of 1879 SO. Rev. C. G. Bartholomew in a public address
explained to an interested audience in the Disciple Church at
Union City the reasons, the objects and the needs of the Asso-
ciation and the claims which it presents for the sympathy and
assistance of the community. For some time (LS82), the society
has been inactive, and no life in its peculiar work is at this time
apparent.

REMINISCENCES.

As an indication of the public sentiment in many parts of
Randolph County, as a specimen of the tactics sometimes em-
ployed, we append the following from Fairview, in Green Town-
ship, as related by Philip Bargor, Esq.:

" There has been a strong temperance work in this region
for many years, Washingtonians, Sons, Good Templars, etc. The
people generally are strongly opposed to li(iuor selling. Not
much of it has ever been done here. Samuel Caylor oncL kept ho-
tel and sold liquor.

" Several persons have tried to carry on the business at Fair-
view, but they have been shut up or driven out in some way.
Some years ago, William Clemens set up a li-iuor shop at Fair-
view. The fruits soon began to appear — noisy and dninken
men, etc. I was Justice, and I issued wan-ants to about a
dozen drunken men who I knew got liquor there, and had Pros.
Cheney come from Winchester. The men came and wore ex-
amined separately, but wo could get nothing from them. They
had left a jug of liquor near when they came, and when they
got to it again they swung the jug defiantly and drank in triumjih.
Some one or two with the Prosecutor and Constable had stayed to
dinner, and saw and heard their defianca

" Mr. Cheney was greatly mortified at oiu- failure, and angry
at their triumph, and he cried, 'Is any one here willing to swear
out a warrant against that man for keeping a nuisance?' 'I
will,' said one. It was done instanter, and the Constable
posted off forthwith to serve the warrant

"But the bird had flown. The Magistrate's summons to
those customers of his had frightened him, and he put out on
the double quick without waiting to see the upshot; and ho never
came back to answer for a nuisance.

"Another man tried it. Twelve complaints were made,
and throe indictments were found. One was sustained, and he
was fined and sent to jail in default of payment. He bailed
himself out for $100, which he furnished, and went and got
drunk and died of delirium tremens. So liquor sellers have
found a hard road to travel in Fairview."

The history of the drink traffic in Randolph County is full
of exciting incidents. Its coiu-se has been 'evij, only evil, and
that continually,' fighting, fighting, ever tightingfor its devilish
power over the bodies and the souls of men, like its old father,
Satan, going about like a roaring lion seeking some human prey
to devour. The Commissioners of Randolph County have mostly
refused to grant license to liquor sellere. It is said, indeed,
that the Circuit Court has rendered a decision that in certain
circumstances the law requires license to bo given. Still, to
their honor be it said, the Commissioners persist in their refusal,
thus throwing the fearful responsibility of the unseemly and
mischievous act, if it must be done, upon the court iteolf.

The history of the liquor trafBc, and of the struggles
against it in Randolph County during the years that are past,
and the various .success attending them at different times, if it
could be written, would be full of thrilling interest The inci-
dents at Union City and elsewhere in this behalf have been very
exciting and somewhat dramatic. The last attempt to establish
the traffic on the Indiana side was strong and determined and
desperate, and was defeated only by the most earnest and persist-
ent and energetic opposition, the legal portion of which opfwsi-
tion was largely, perhaps chiefly, under the leadership of Seth

M. Whitten, Esq., to whom the temperance community owe a
large debt of gi'atitude for his shrewd and successful manage-
ment of the contest, and who drew upon himself thereby the most
bitter and malignant hatred of the liquor interest.

CHAPTER XIV.

ANTISI.AVERY.

General— Undeiujrounu R. H.— William Steele— IIunaways-
Strinofellow (Wilker.son GiRL.s)— Reminiscences— Negri
Reoistkv.

A LARGE portion of the early settlers of Randolph and ad-
joining counties came from Carolina to get rid of slavery.
Very many were Quakers, who were thoroughly hostile to the
institution, and had abandoned it on principla The Friends
had been largely interested, moreover, in the Carolinas, in Penn-
sylvania and elsewhere, in the various movements in ojiposition
to slavery and in behalf of the people of color which had been
in progress.

It was but natural, tLorefore, that the Antislavery movement
from 1811) downward should find active adherents and supporters
in this region of country. Charles Osbom, who was among the
first, and who has been claimed by some to be the very first pub-
lic advocate of unconditional emancipation in the United States,
lived at Economy, near the borders of Randolph County; and
the doctrine had many supjxjrters in the region. Especially
was this the case in Randolph and Wayne Counties, Ind.

Among the first public advocates of abolition in Randolph
may be named Moorman Way and Jehu Hiatt, still living in
the county (1881). There were many others, Ijiit exactly who
the author cannot now state. The Pucketts, the Ways, the
Hiatts, the Wrights, the Peacocks, the Hills, the Bonds, etc. ,
were early on the side of abolition.

About the time that William Lloyd GaiTison was imprisoned
at Baltimore for publishing a condemnation of the cruelty of the
slave trade. Dr. Henry H. Way, of Newport, Wayne Co., Ind.,
arranged a discussion between Rev. Mr. Randolph and himself
upon the subject of abolition.

This discussion was the first of the kind west of the Alleghany
Mountains, being held about LSiiO, at Arba, Randoljjh Co., Ind.

Dr. Way, being unable to attend, engaged Moorman Way,
at that time a mere youth, but active and enterprising, to take
his place. The discussion lasted an entire day, and was largely
attended.

In 1889, Arnold Buflfum, a famous early abolitionist, lectiu-ed
at Winchester, and afterward at Dunkirk and Sparrow Creek
Friends' meeting-houses, west of Winchester; and shortly after-
ward an Antislavery Society was formed at Dunkirk, at which
mooting, among other things, the slavery question was discussed
by ■' Old Billy Hunt" (Rev. William Hunt) and Mr. Bufi"um,
Mr. Hunt taking the Antiabolition side. Other societies were
formed soon after, and much activity prevailed, and much bit-
terness withal. The difference of sentiment became so gi'oat,
especially among the Friends, that, after several years, a large
secession took place and a new society was formed, calling them-
selves Antislavery Friends. The yearly meeting of the new so-
ciety was held at Newport, Wayne Coimty. It had extensive
support in Randolph County, some of the preparative meetings
of Friends going over nearly en masse. In others new preparative
meetings were formed. Dunkirk and Cedar meetings were al-
most wholly Antislavery. At Jericho a new meeting was set up.
It should be said in justice to the membei-s of the body that they
claimed to be strongly Antislavery, but they were opposed to
affiliating with outside efforts. The movement gradually drifted
into politics, that phase of the movement in this region keeping
pace with the general sentiment and cm-rent of action in other
portions of the country.

As a specimen of political Antislavery in the early time, an
account is subjoined of a Convention held at Winchester, Ind.,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

May 1, 1847. The officers of the meeting were as follows: Hiram
Mendenhall, President; Daniel Hill, Secretaiy. Moved that
wo nominate candidates for the various offices. Discussed by-
Messrs. Bennett, Tucker and Mooiman Way, and adopted.

Committee on Nominations: James Clayton, H. P. Bennett
and Joseph Thomburg. Moved by E. Tucker as follows:

Resolved, That it is one of the objects of the Antislavery en-
terprise to raise our colored fellow citizens to the enjoyment of
that impartial protection and those equal rights to which as men
they are entitled, and of which they are now to a great extent in
this and other States deprived; and we pledge ourselves as liberty
men to use our political power and iniiuence t« gain this end so
far as it can be reached thereljy ; and to pei-severe therein until
success shall crown our effoi-ts.

Discussed by the mover and othere, and passed unanimously.

Nominations as follows: Representatives, Benjamin Puckett,
Daniel Hill; Commissicocr, Ephraim Oren; Troa.siu'er, John A.
Moorman; Surveyor. Elisha Garreti

Delegates were appointed to a District Convention, to be
held at Camden, Jay Co.. Ind., as follows: H. P. Bennett, James
Clayton. Moonnan Way. Benjamin H. Puckett, Daniel Hill, Jo-
seph Thornburg, Hiram Mendenhall, Paul W. Way, Robert
^^■oody, Elisha Giuiett, George Addington.

Resolved [moved by E. Tucker], That we circulate petitions
<isking the State Legislature to repeal all laws making distinc-
tions on account of color.

Resolred, That a Convention be held at Dunkirk (F lends'
Meeting- House, west of Wincht>ster), May 'i!>, 1847.

Subjects for consideration, Constitution and Shiveiy, War
with Mexico), and other Antislavery matters.

The apparent hopelessness of the crusade by Abolitionists in
behalf of the people of 'lolor in Indiana will be seen when
coupled with the fact thiit fom- years after this time the Thir-
teenth Article of the Constitution of 1X51 was adopted by a
majority of neai'ly one hundred thousand, Randolph being the
only county that gave a majority against that Thirteenth Article.
But the activity resolved or by the Alwlitionists at the very com-
mencement of their entorjn-ise was jiersisted in for more than
fifty years, until, in the spring of 18S 1 , the famous Thirteenth
Article, and every other part of the Constitution making di.'-tinc-
tion on account of color, was swej.t away by a majority of from
thirty thousand t<^ fifty thousand.

Among other agencies, assistance ti> fugitive slaves was freely
given in various parts of the county fi'om the em-liest times. The
Dawes case occuiTcd not very long after the beginning of the
Antislavery movement. (See account elsewhere).

The Undergi'ound Railroad, so-called, was put into operation
and found many helpers and sympathizei-s throughout the county.
The case of the Wilkerson slave girls, in the year 18;}U, was a
most remarkable one, arousing great excitement and eliciting
much sympathy from Antislavery men, and much condemnation
by proslavery adherents and opponents of abolition.

The Wilkerson girls had in some way escaped from their
master in Tennessee, who was, it seems, a Methodist minist(>r,
and had found their way to Cabin Creek colored settlement, in
the western part of Randolph County, where their grandfather,
Mr. Wilkerson, resided at the time. Mr. Stringfellow, the slave
claimant, raised a large party of men in the region of Huntsville
(said to have been headed by another preacher), who proceeded
on horseback in pursuit of the girls. Their coming was noised
round and became known, not in time, however, to effect tJie es-
cape of the girls from their grandfather's house before the ar-
rival of tlie slave-hunters.

Milly Wilkerson, the grandmother, sent her son or grandson
on horseback with a horn, with orders to ride for life, and blow
the horn to rouse the settlement; and he did it like u hero, and
the colored peojjle came poiu'ing in from every direction, armed
with clubs, hoes, axes, and whatever they could lay their hands
on. The party shot at and wounded the boy in the arm as he
was riding and blowing his horn, yet he did not flinch, but kept
on riding and blowing as if for the crack of doom.

Milly, with the desperation of a wounded tiger, armed herself
with a huge corn cutter, and threatened to cut down whoever

undertook to attempt an entrance into her cabin. Meanwhile,
the girls managed to escape flirough the back window to the
woods, and thence to John H. Bond's and to Newport, and thence
to Canada. Stringfellow neve'* got his slaves again. It is said
that the girls got tlirough the crowd in the daytime, disguised as
men. He, however, entered suit at Winchester against a largo
number oi the people of that region for helping the girls to es-
cape and hindering him from capturing them. Wo give below
a copy of the complaint tiled in the case which ho brought. Mi\
Sb-ingf ellow doubtless thought ho was gi-eatly robbed and terribly
^vronged by the escape and loss of those two girls, valued by him
at §1,200. The other party, on the other hand, reckoned them-
selves to be doing service to God smd humanity by aiding these
poor fugitives in their attempt to escape from bondage.

The defendants were represented in court by Moorman Way
and Samuel W. Parker, Esqs. , and so stiu-dy a defense did tliey
make that the plaintiff, weary and disheartened, abandoned the
case in despair. (Still fiu-ther details of the case are given by
Judge Colgrove, which see.)

Many cases of interest took place in Raudoli>h County, some
of which are described in other parts of this volume.

The citizens of this county may well be Uiankful that the
institution of human slavery, which made such occurrences jws-
sible, is forever numbered among the things that have been but

There were vai'ious routes, more or loss frequented, extending
across the county. Knots of Antislavery men would be found
here and there, even among a general proslavery population. One
remarkable group was to be found in Jackson Township. . Rev.
Thomas Wiley, of New Lisbon, Milton Beach and Mr. Chandler,
near- Alleusville, and perhaps others there, wore active Abolition-
ists in the midst of a hostile commimity. Mr. Wiley, as a bold
and fearless reformer, denounced slavery and the black laws, and
declared he would never obey them. The Democrats, to test his
sincerity, electetl him to office, but he was true to his declara-
tions and his convictions, and refused to qualify, paying the pen-
alty instead required by the law.

Mr. Chandler was elected to some other office by the Demo-
crats for the same reason, but he, too, refused.

The sepai'ation among the Friends, caused for a time
much sorrow of heart, and much alienation; but time and
the abolition of slavery have brought about a reconciliation, and
most of those who had belonged to Antislavery Friends went
back to the body. The larger j)art of those who were prominent
in those times ai-e long ago dead. Some of the younger ones are
still living. Jehu Hiatt, Dr. Beverly, Job and Joab Thoru-
bm-g, Daniel Hill, William Peacock,' John A. Moorman, Sol-
omon Wright. Ebenezer Tucker, Martin A. Reeder, and
doubtless several others, are still living, but most have gone to
their rest and their reward. As a result, the great body of the
people of Randolj)h Coimty became imbued with Antislavery
sentiments, and ever since the Republican party arose, the
county has given an immense majority for that organization.
Nom-ly all the prominent citizens have been ranged with
that party, though there have been a few notable exceptions
who have boldly maintained against an overwhelming majority
the doctrines and principles of the Democratic faith. They must
have boon unquestionably sincere, since they thereby cut them-
selves off from every hope of ]X)litical preferment from the peo-
ple of the county. Prominent among the movement", in Anti-
slavery in Randolph County may be reckoned the establishment,
in 1840, of the Union Literary Institute, in Greensfork Town-
ship, northeast of Spartansburg, near the Ohio line, in the
Greenville colored settlement. An account of the school may
be found in the chapter on Education. The influence of the In-
ntitution was good in several ways in the elevation as to intelli-
gence and morality of the people of color, in softening down the
prejudice against color (since the school was always attended by
some, and often by many whites), in standing as a steady and
faithful protest against the foolish and cruel jxilicy of ostracis-
ing any class of citizens, especially on account of color or race.
The school still exists, and, after thirty-live years of labor for the
outcast poor and the downtrodden ones of the land, still opens

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

its welcoming doors to all who desire the advimtRgos nft'ordoj
within its friendly walls.

It is an interesting fact that Hiram Mendenhall, the gentle-
man who presented tbe famous petition to Henry Clay at Rich-
mond, Ind., on the occasion of his visit to that place, was a resi-
.Innt '<[ Vuiu3^ii.,jri, Kaiia..lj>h O^juiily. A. fuller statement of
the affair may be found in the notice of Hiram Mendenhall.

Another movement against slavery carried on in this region
was the Free Labor Movement. Most Antislavery Friends held
it wrong to use the products of slave labor; and they set on foot
an enterprise to encourage free labor cotton and sugar to estab-
lish free labor gins and sugar houses, and agencies to buy aud
sell free labor products.

Several stores were established in the region, and it is an in-
teresting reminiscence that at the sale of the personal estate of
Moorman Way, Esq. (lately deceased), in October, 1881, a con-
siderable quantity of goods left on hand from his old free labor
store were offered.

UNDERQKOUND RAILROAD.

William Steele is thought by some to have been the founder
of what is called the Undergrotmd Railroad.

William Steele was a Scotchman, and second cousin to W. E.
Gladstone, Prime Minister of England.

He was born at Biggar, on the Clyde, in Scotland, in ISOl),
and came to America in 1818. They resided first at Winchester,
Va., then at Barnesville, Belmont Co., Ohio, ten years, and then
at Woodfield, Monroe Co., Ohio, thirty years. He moved after-
ward to Kansas, and still again to Oregon in 1872. Mr. Steele
died in 1880, in Oregon.

He was a pioneer in Antislavery with Benjamin Lundy.

Lundy was a saddler at St. Clairsville, Ohio, and had ac-
cumulated several thousand dollars at his trade. He called a
meeting at his house in St. Clairsville in 1815, and five or six
persons attended, forming at that time what they called the
Union Humane Society, declaring war upon slavery. Six j'ears
afterward, Lundy commenced the publication of the Geniim of
Emancipation at Mt. Pleasant, Ohio.

William Steele became iuterested in the Antislavery work
fi'om his early youth, and is said to have reduced the assistance
of fugitive slaves to a system. The organization he set on foot
s]>read shortly throughout the AVest. They had signs and pass-
words, but had very little, if anything, in writing. Among other
in-ominent Antislavery men Mr. Steele was honored by having a
reward of $5,000 offered for his delivery in Virginia. It seems
he did not care enough for the money to go to claim it himself, and
no one else ever performed the job, and Mr. Steele spent his life
and closed his days in the free West.

It is a wonderful thing, and yet supposed to be a fact, that
no slave was ever taken from the hands of the agents of the Un-
derground Railroad. Mi-. Steele lived to see the work of the
ITndorground Railroad accomplished, and the business of the
company quietly and honorably brought to an end by the war of
the rebellion and the emancipation proclamation, through which,
according to the word of Scripture, a nation was born in a day.

For unknown ages slaves have run away. David had a run-
away slave in his camp before he was made King of Israel.
Onosimus ran away from Philemon in Paul's time — /. c. ,some
say .so, while others will have it that Onesimus was Philemon's
brother " according to the fle.sh." The Seminoles in Florida were
mingled with runaways from Georgia.

" Oppression maketh a wise man mad;" what, then, will it not
do upon a j)Oor woe-begone slave? Some fifty or sixty yeai-s
ago, peojile in the Northern States began to help fugitive slaves
to oBcapo from servitude. Gradually the work grew into a sys-
tem, as shown in the biography of William Steele, above written.
Stations were agreed on, routes aiTangod, signals adopted, con-
ductors appointed and the operation of the affair became quite
regular and business-like. The secrecy with which the work
was carried on made people call it the Underground Railroad.
On some routes great numbers i)as8ed. Abolitionists of course,
were the chief actors, though others and even proslavery men and

slaveholders themselves sometimes assisted more or less. Few
runaways were captured and very few Abolitionists were ever
convicted for helping slaves off.

We give a few incidents below, showing somewhat the nature
of the work. A colored fugitive was staying at Daniel Worth's,
in West River Township. One day, as the colored man was in
the house fondling the baby, pursurers came after him. Daniel
was near the door outside, and talked loud. Mrs. Worth, hear-
ing them, said, ''Who are they?" The negro, looking out,
know his master, and, dropping the child, "lit out" through
the back window for the " fallen timber," a half mile away. They
saw him and gave chase, but he got to the timber, and to find
him there was worse than to find a needle in a hay mow. He
was safe. They were greatly em-aged, and offered Daniel
Worth $100 if he would bring the slave in, but he would
not. They threatened to go and bring men and clear out the
whole fallen timber, and asked Daniel how far it extended.
"So many miles west, and I never heard how far into Ohio,"
was his reply. They came back several times, but never got
their man.

Alexander Davis, a large, stout man, came from Tennessee
on horseback. He could write, and wi-ote passes for himself.
Pursuers tracked him to Economy. A lad overheard their plans
aud gave the alai-m. He was taken to Daniel Charles', Greens-
fork, then to Joseph Thornburg's, Chen-)- Grove, then to New-
port;, and so to Canada. On the way from Cherry Grove to
Newpoit he met the pureuers. It was rather dark. He knew
them, but they did not recognize him. After awhile he left
Canada for New York City, and sent a letter saying that he was
doing well.

An interesting young man from Georgia once came to Econ-
omy. He was skillful, being a ' repairer of engines. Aaron
Worth was attending school at the Union Literary Institute, and
took him there, and he was forwarded to Canada. They never
heard from him again.

Two brothers, Dawes, traveling, stopped at Winchester, hav-
ing two slaves. They were tanners, and decided to locate there.
Thoy contracted for tanbark, etc., but were advised to go back
to Kentucky, and sell their slaves. They concluded to do so,
and to buy hides in Cincinnati as they returned. They set out
at noon, and got to Newport about dark, in a double wagon.
Dr. H. followed them, got a warrant at Newport, twelve men pur-
sued and arrested them as kidnapers, and brought them back to
Newport in the night. They found the law and the temper of
the people were such that conviction for kidnaping would cer-
tainly ensue, and thoy were persuaded to emancipate the slaves.
The point was this: Owners were allowed to hold their slaves
while simply passing through, but their contracting in view of
settling was interpreted to be in law a location; location made
the slaves free, and attempting to take them away was kidnap-
ping. They tried to prosecute Levi Cofl&n for his part in the
transaction, but they did not succeed.

Lewis Talbert ran away from a plantation a few miles from
the Ohio River, in Kentucky, and came to the Union Literary In-
stitute. After att-ending school for some months, he grew so un-
easy thinking of his sisters in slavery, that he could not rest,
and resolved to go and get them off to the free States. He went,
stayed one day and two nights on the farm; did not see his sis-
ters, but left them word that he had been there, and that he
would come again. In three weeks he was back at the school.
After awhile he went again, got his sisters, brought them to the
Ohio, but for some reason one sister was afraid to cross, and the
other would not come without her; so they went back, and he
crossed into Ohio and came on to Newport aud to the Institute
again. Meanwhile, he had told others how to run away, and
several had left, and pursuit was made. The hunters came to
Richmond, got assistance, and sixteen men came in tlie night on
hoi-seback to New])ort. Lewis had been there, but had left.
Thoy found no fugitives. Three men stai'ted at midnight on
foot to come to the Institute to t«ll Lewis to get out of the way.
They came just at daylight, and asked, " Is Lewis Talbert here?"
,,No; why?" "Because if he is be must make himself scarce;
they are after him; sixteen men came into Newport last night,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

197

and will be right up here." Lewis had "vamosed" already.
They did not come after him, nor did they lind him anywhere
else. Afterward he laid his plans to visit Kentucky again.
A confidant unwittingly revealed them, and his master's son
came to Indianapolis, seized him, had him adjudged a slave,
and took him bound to Kentucky. He said afterward, "That
was just where I wished and had started to go; but I did not
fancy that style." His friends suppv^sed him done for; but in
six weeks from the day he was put upon the train at Indianapo-
lis, his black face popped in at the door of the Institute.
"Why, Lewis, we thought j'ou down in New Orlenns by this
time.'' " Oh no; I was never born to be sold down the river."
He had been twice sold, antl the trader had started his gang on
the steamboat down the river. They let him be loose on the
boat. He managed to get a chambermaid to cut the ropes of a
boat behind and let him down into the river. He paddled for
shore, and found himself in Southern Indiana, with only shirt
and pants. He was taken up by some amateur hunters, but he
put a bold f^ce on it and said he was a free negro from about
Richmond, and showed a genuine note of hand, signed by Elijah
Coffin, President of the State Bank, Richmond. They let him
go. He afterward went to Canada and became a preacher.
Whether he ever got his sisters away, or what lias become of
them, or of him either, is not known by the wi-iter of this
sketch.

SLAVE OrKLS — CABIN CREEK.

Two slave girls were brought into the Cabin Creek colored
settlement. They were closely tracked to the house where they
were. A parley was held; a crowd had gathered; the girls were dis-
guised with men's clothes and smuggled through the crowd,
taken to John Bond's, then to Dunkirk, Cherry Grove, and to
Newjjort, at Levi Coffin's. There they were concealed between
two feather beds. The piu^uers traced them there too, but they
were never taken. The girls were sent away to Canada. (See
fuller account elsewhere.)

A gentleman in Richmond had his house so fixed that slaves
could be concealed so that, though his dwelling was searched over
and over, time and again, while the hunted ones were there, still
none were ever found. Even his children never knew until years
afterward of that place of concealment. Once a company of fugi-
tives were traced directly to his house; the house was watched
outside while it was searched inside, and was watched for days
and nights, but no discovery was made, the slaves were never
found, and got safe off at last.

EMSLEY JONES' ADVENTURE.

One dark night a colored man came to Emsley Jones', an Ab-
olitionist near Dunkirk, and told him that a runaway wished to
see him. He went out, and the negro led him directly to a
couple of slaveholders. "Where are those slaves?" "I
cannot tell," said he. One of them striick hi
knife to cut his throat, but only hit his chi
aside, and in the dark got out of their way; but
the slaves.

»fith a sharp
He stepped
'never found

" I have known of twenty-tive in one company. They came
partly in a wagon, and some on foot from Newport, and were
sent to Jonesboro or to Camden. I took one company of ten to
Jonesboro; we had to camp out one night.

" Seventeen lodged at my house at once. The man who took
them on went through to Jonesboro in one day and night. Piu*-
suit was mada Three of us rode all night, and got to them at
Jonesboro about daylight The gang were dispersed into the
woods, and were kept there tliree weeks before they could be got
away. The pursuers got there before noon. Three men, Jack
Page and two others, were the hunters. They hunted round for
several days, but went off without their prey."

Gangs of fiigitives used to come to the Institute. At one
time fifteen came in one company. It was a woman and her ten
children, a son-in-law and a grandchild, and two others. The
woman and children belonged to one man. and they were all he
had. She was asked, "Were you not used well?'' "Yes.''

"Why did you ran away?" "My children wore my master's,
and the mistress and the white children wanted us to be sold, and
we thought it time to ipiit"

Fugitives would often sto]) and attend school for awhile at
the Institute. At one time there were ten at school together.

The whole subject of the L'ndergroimd Railroad is a remark-
able e{)isode in the history of this country. Many exciting oc-
cm-ronces, and some amusing ones as well, took place in the ])rog.
ress of events. At Oberlin, Ohio, at one time, some slaves were
conveyed out of town toward the lake iu open daylight, under a
load of hay. One black man was once painted white, and rodo
off to a place of security in that disguise. On one occasion, a
decoy wagon was sent out in advance toward Elyria from Oberlin
containing some free negroes, residents of the town, some of them
dressed as if they were women, knowing they would be watched
and followed, as they were. At Elyria, eight miles away, the
whole group was arrested. As much delay as possible was made,
but in the course of two or three hours after the aiTest, the fact
was learned that this party was a "sell." But meanwhile the
real fugitives had been taken away by another road entirely un-
known to the would-be slave catchers, and got safely off to
Canada.

At one time a slave woman at one of the lake ports, who had
been closely pursued, was conveyed across the lake in a coffin as
a corpse, being accompanied by several friends in deej) mom'uiug.

The pursuers went over to Canada on the same boat, but they
never learned the ruse that had been practiced upon them. The
gieat mass of events in connection with this movement will, of
course, be lost in oblivion. A few have been rescued from the
general fate, and we have made a small addition to the number
for the perusal of future generations.

In addition to the excitement and separation among the
Friends on account of slavery, the Methodist denomination also
suffered to some extent by the " True Wesley an " movement.
For a considerable time, that body found many adherents in this
region of the State, including a considerable number in Randolph
County. Some account of the Wesleyans may be found in the
chapter devoted to the cbiu'ches, as al.so a statement concerning
the Antislavery Friends in the same chapter.

Some other incidents also may be found elsewhere in these
pages among the " reminisconoes " contained in this volume.

It is an amusing fact that many persons reall}' supposed that
the Underground Railroad was underground. A young lady
from New Hampshire once asked the writer of these sketches how
the thing was ever managed "under the ground." " What do
you mean?" rejoined he. " Why, the Underground Railroad -
how did they get to it and from it?" said she. "Did you under
stand that it was really undergroimd?" "Yes. of course; 1
never heard it called anything else." And then we had to ex-
plain iio that young lady, who was really an intelligent girl,
why the Undergi'ound Railroad had received that oiu-ious and
expressive appellation, at which explanation the lady was greatly
smi>rised in her tiu-n.

jS SLAVE CASE.

In 1839, a peculiar case was entered in the Randolph Circuit
Court, being a charge against several persons, colored and others,
by Thomas Stringfellow, of Tennessee, for concealing his two
female slaves, Susan and Margaret, and assisting them to escape.
The aflair was a famous one. and made great stu* at the time,
Two girls by the name of ^V'ilkorson had managed to escape
from Tennessee, and had made their way to the house of their
grandfather Wilkerson, residing in the colored settlement on
Cabin Creek, in Randolph County. They were pursued and
overtaken at that place. A gang of some seventeen armed men
on horseback, raised in the vicinity of Huntsville, had gathered
and gone to the house where the girls were. Meanwhile, the
old lady Wilkerson had armed herself with a corn knife, and.
with fierce and deadly earnestness, guarded the door, threaten-
ing to cut down whoever attempted to enter. She also put her
little grandson upon a horse, with a horn, with orders to ride
for life, and blow the alarm as he went, which he did with a
will, and the neighbors came together as if running to a house

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

on lire. In the confusion t.ho girls were gotten out of the back
window into the woods, and so they escaped. It serves to show
how blunted were the moral perceptions of men on this subject
of human liberty at that time, that the slave claimant was a
Methodist clergyman, and the lead((r of the troop of pursuing
hoi-semen was a Baptist proanhor. They doubtless, like Paul of
old in his Pharisaic blindness, thought they wore doing good
service to God as well as to man; but thank heaven, tuoso days
of darkness are past.

The indignant declaration of bravp old Massachusetts, by the
prophetic lips of the gifted Whittier, has become sober fact
throughout the entire National jurisdiction:

No lildodhouud on our stniud;
No ffltcrs in the Buy .Slate,

No si

e upon

We give the complaint in full as a memento of the condition
of our common country forty years ago.
Kandoi,1'u County, Cikcuit Couiit, Armi, Teum, 183ii.— Tkesi'ass—

Damages Laid, $1,201.
State of Indiiina, i
Randolph County, f " '

Thoma.s Strlngfield, Plaintifi, vs. Alexander Williams, llolxTt Scott.
Milly Wilkcrson, Martin Scott, William Wood, Samuel (Jreen, Willborn
^Vilkerson, Matthew Cliavis, Benjamin Outland, Defendants.

Thomas Strinfflield, a resident citir.en of the State of Teniies.sce, in the
United States of America, complains of the defendants na)ned aforesaid,
lieiug in custody, etc., on a plea of trespass, to wit :

That the plaintiff was heretofore, to wit, on the 26th of January, 183i»,
and for a long time before and still is, the true and lawful owner of two
negro women— Susan and Margaret — of great value, to wit, of the value of
$1,200, and duly entitled to claim pi-operty and service in the said negro
women, by and under the laws of the State of Tennessee, And, whereas,
the said negro women had, before the day last aforesaid, escaped from the
plaintiff to whom they owed .service as aforesaid, and had come into the
county of Handolpli aforesaid, without the consent of the plaintiff. And.
whereas, the plaintiff had .sent to the county of Randolph a duly (imilificd
agent, with authority to arrest said negro women, and take them back to
the State of Tennessee aforesaid, yet the defendants, well knowing the
pre7ni.se.s, and that the said n(!gro women were the property of the said
plaintiff, and owed to him labor and service under the law of Tennessee,
afterward, to wit, on the 26th of January. 1839, with force and arms, at
tlie county of Randolph aforesaid, did unlawfully, knowingly, foreilily and
wilfully conceal and harbor and entice away said negi'o wt)raen, and did
then and there forcibly, unlawfully, knowingly and wilfully, after due
notice as aforesaid, tliat they were the plaintiff's property, conceal,
command and .-ussist the said negro women to make their escape, and to
elude the lawful pursuit of the plaintiff for the said negro women. By

-IS whereof, the said negro women, tlie property of the said plaintiff,

• - - . _j . ^^^ parts unknown, and have

!r wrongs then and there did

Ei,KtNS & Perhv, AWirneys for PUtintif.
The case was contested for a time, Moorman Way and Samuel
W. Parkei- being the attorneys for the defendants. The case was
never brought to final trial, however. It was abandoned at last
by the plaintifT, enraged, no doubt, by the determined opposition
he encountered from the Abolitionists, and convinced of the use-
lessness of further contest, and the hopelessness of any attempt
either to recover his slaves or to get redress for loss of their ]>er-
sons and their services. Such occurrences, of course, greatly
provoked slaveholders and those who were not Abolitionists, but
those who Ijolongod to that despised but determined band felt a
necessity laid upon them to fight slavery in every possible man-
ner to the bitter end. They felt in their inmost souls that
" man is worth more than laws," and that the liberty of an op-
jiressed but innocent race was an object worthy of the titmost ac-
tivity and determination.

ANTISLAVEKY INCIDENTS -.lOHN H. BOND.

"The Underground Railroad through Cabin Creok^began about
IS;il. The first fugitive was brought by Thomas Frazier.
Thomas rode on horseback and the slave walked. Great num-
bers have passed here first and last. i)robably himdi-eds of them,
on foot, on horseback, and in wagons. Seventeen is the largest
number that ever lodged at our house at one time. They would be
brought from New[>ort, and be taken from here to Jonesboro, or
elsewhere. I took one company of ten to Jonesboro. The tr:p
.ed three days, and wo had to camp out pne night. We

knew that they were coming. Word was sent from farther south
to William Beard, in Union County, and by him to Levi Coffin,
and from there to Cabin Creek.

At one time a company that had beeu sent on to Michigan
were jjursued, and a man went all the way from Cabin Creek to
Michigan on horseback to give warning.

A man was onco caught and taken back to Newiwrt, but his
friends there managed to rescue him."

Scores and scores of cases might be given if there were room
to ])rint the recital, which, however, there is not.

"One day H. it Way (Uncle Hem-y), came to me and said,
"Jesse, is thy horse In thy stable'?"" "Yes." "Has theo a sad-
dle and bridle, and are all in good condition"? Does thee need
them for a few days?" "'No, not especially." "Well, feed
him properly, and if thee don't find him in the stable in the morn-
ing, thee need not be uneasy."

The horse disappeared that night, but several days afterward
ho was there again. H. H. Way had been up into Michigan, or
somewhere, and a troop of negroes on horseback had passed
through the town.

One morning, on passing by Levi Coffin's, many people were
standing in the street around his door. "What is the matter?
Is somebody dead?" Henry Way came out of the house and
said. " Only a fresh lot of negroes come to town."

Henry H. Way was a young physician, and brought a lot of
medicines along to Daniel Dawson's, whom they moved to Blue
River, in the south part of the State. (Jesse Way still survives,
a resident of Winchester, and an honored citizen of that place,
one of the few, the very few remnants of " pioneerism" still re-
maining in this county of ours.)

Old Newport (and Levi Cofiiii in that toivn) was the head center
for Underground Railroad work for this whole region. He re-
moved to Cincinnati, and until the end of slavery w<is prominent
in Aiitislavery labors, assisting in the escape of thousands of
fleeing fugitives from bondage toward the North Star. Levi
and his worthy wife died a few years ago.

NEQRO REGISTRY.

In consetpeuce of the adoption of the Thirteenth Article of
the Constitution of LS-")!, a book was prepared for the use of the
County Clerk wherein to register persons of African blood, to
show that they were residents of the State before the ratification
by the sovereign people of Indiana of the Constitution for the
Commonwealth containing that remarkable article including,
of course, the identical article itself. The book contains, per-
ha[)s, "lOO blanks, each for a sepai-ate negro or mulatto; in fact,
twice as many as the heads of colored families residing in the
coiTnty. It is a noteworthy fact that in Randolph there were at
the time two large and strong colored settlements, and another
also that Randolph County alone among all the counties of the
State, gave a majority against the Thirteenth Ai-ticle.

But so far at least as Old Randolph is concerned, the registry
business was nearly a "plumb failure." Just twelve is the en-
tiro number registered. One was recorded by George W. Monks,
as Circuit Clerk, in ISuH two years after the adoi)tion of the
article requiring it, and near the close of his term of ofiice. The
other ejevon were registered in a group by the name of Peelle,
in 1857, oneof them being the noted "Cesar Peelle." near Spar
tansburg, Ind., who died in the winter of 1M80, a very old man.

The last acts of registry were done by H. H. Neff, Clerk at
the time, and anyone can see by the looks of the record that he
had no heart in the work, but that he did the thing just becau,se
he had to.

That Thirteenth Article and the laws under it, though the
article itself received the amazing majority of nearly one hun-
dred thouB'ind, was, nevertheless, for the most part a dead letter,
and persons of color continued to come and go at their pleasure,
and men harbored and hired them and traded with people of
color as before, never so much as asking the question, " Where
did you come from?" These laws were indeed sometimes em-
ployed to ve.x and scare the friends of humanity. One promi-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

190

nent teacher within the author's knowledge wns seriously
threatened with indictment by the Grand Jury of a neighboring
county for harboring persons of color, contrary to the statute and
against the peace of the State and the safety of the Common :
wealth, bectiuse the Trustees of the institution of which he had
chiirgo allowed some bright, active and upright colored youth
from the State of Ohio to attend the school and enjoy its privi-
leges. But that old Thirteenth Article is dead, dead, thrice and
four, yea. live times dead at last, it was a dead letter at first; the
amendments to the Federal Constitution killed it the second time,
the resulting decision of the Indiana Supreme Court killed it the
third time, and an overwhelming popular majority of the voters
ot Indiana who voted upon the question killed it the fourth time;
and after the Suj)reme Court of the State, three to two, had gal-
vanized the lifeless corpse with a quasi vitality, a second popu
lar vote by a sweei)ing majority pushed the dead and rattling
skeleton back into its grave to come out thence to vex the eyes
of living men no more forever.

OHAPTEE XV.

AGlliriTLTUKE.

Gkneual— FituiT— HouTicui/ruKE— SoKciiirM
ES— DiiAiNS— Wkathkh, Croi's, Etc. -Pati
—Fairs— Impi.ements.

''TRILLING the ground has always, fi-om the time that Adam was
J- set to di-ess and to keep the " garden eastward in Eden " till
this very hour, been the chief employment of the human race.
Without food and raiment, the human kind would soon be extinct,
and these must come, directly or remotely, mostly from the soil.
And in this Western world nearly the whole moans of livelihood
was for a long time found in farming or around the farmer's
lu-oside.

In these artificial times, to begin on a farm requires a for-
midable outlay of money. A modern house and barn built of
lumber, etc., purchased <at a railroad town and brought by the
locomotive from the distant factory, or by river-floats and by
steamer from the forests of Michigan or Wisconsin, or elsewhere,
is an expensive thing. A stalk of wheat cannot be exit down in
those latter days without a $150 reaper, nor a spire of grass
brought to the gi-ound without a costly patent mower; no raking
can be done except with a patent horse-rake, a hill of corn can-
not be put into the soil without a horse-drill, or, at least, a hand-
planter; nor cnn the growing corn be worked unless a man has a
walking plow or a riding plow, mayhap, with an umbrella to sit
under; hay must be pitched into the mow with a horse and a
pulley fork. To sow a kernel of wheat one must have a two-horse
drill, and, to thresh it, a $1,(1(K) steam engine and a S")0( ) separator.

The machinery of the present time has come to be so multi-
farious and so complicated that an old-time pioneer who has been
dead fifty years, were he to return to the scenes of his forest life,
would be utterly nonplussed and could not imagine what the
immense an-ay of '■ new-fangled inventions" could be intended
for.

Our fathers and grandfathere. when first they threaded their
weary way among the giant forest trees to the spot of their choice
in this new country, needed no such host of outlandish, bewil-
dering implements, nor such a costly array of edifices. A rude
camp, made of poles or rails against a huge log, and upheld by
stakes driven into the gi'ound, or at best a log cabin, the logs
dragged up to the spot by a horse and raised by helping, friendly
neighbors, or by settlers gathered from miles around, or by
the Indians themselves, was, to the hardy emigrants, a palace,
because it was their own. No nails, nor rock, nor brick: no glass
nor plank were needed; no bough ten tables, nor doors, nor shin-
gles, nor bedsteads, nor chairs had to be purchased; the roof Wiis
clapboards, weighted down by poles laid on them, or fastened by
pins through the boards. The doors and the floor and the tables

were puncheons, and the chairs wore pieces of puncheon set upon
legs; the hearth was pounded clay, the fii-eplace was clay, against
piuicheous; the chimney was dirt and sticks built up together;
the bedstead was poles, with ends bored into the walls and held
up at the corner by a single post driven into the ground; the
hingas, latches, etc.. were all made of wood; the latch was raised
by a string, and the door was locked by pulling the string in-
side.

The wheat was cut with a sickle, threshed with a flail and
cleaned by shaking in a sheet or by a basket fan; hay was cut
with a scythe and raked with a wooden fork, and hauled on a sled
or on some poles to the log stable or the stack. Plowing was
done with a bar-share plow and tending corn with a single
shovel plow; hauling was done ujwn a sled and gears were made
with rawhide tugs and corn-husk collars. Clothes for men were
made of deerskin; buckskin jacket, hunting-shirt and vest and
pants and buckskin moccasins and deerskin cap were an excellent
supply for men, and home-made linsey wolsey for women. Men
could dtess the deerskins themselves, and make them up into gar-
ments with their own hands. Women would pull and thresh,
brake and scutch and hackle their fla.t, and s[)in and weave the
cloth, and make it into garments for themselves and for the chil-
dren. Even the girls were equal to the occasion. At one time,
a mother of a largo family with several nearly grown girls was
obliged to leave home for ton days. The flax lay spread upon
the ground, where it had been placed for rotting. The girls,
with the help of a half grown brother, gathered up the flax,
broke, swingled and hackled it, spun and wove it and made it into
clothes for the younger childi'en, and when the mother came
home, the little "younkers" were wearing their new clothes as
proud as young princes. Little wheel, reel, winding blades,
warping bars, rattling, pounding loom and hand-needle were bet-
ter than a |r)(»fl,()00 factory, for they were right at home and
could be put to iise at any moment without money and without
price, and no cost except labor; and stalwart boys and strapping
girls had muscle in abundance. Hand-mill and hominy-pounder,
or biu-nt-log mill, or com-gi-ater, made meal or hominy, saving
the trouble of going twenty, thirty or forty miles on horseback,
or with two or three yoke of slowly-plodding oxen through al-
most trackless ways to the distant mill.

Many came from the Old Country with only a solitai-y pack-
hoi-se, and that horse supplied their need for weeks, and some-
times for months. A settler would often lose his only pony and
would be obliged to dig along with none, because he would be too
poor to get another one.

Often settlers would move into the woods in the winter, so as
to take advantage of the sugar-making season before deadening
the splendid sugar trees, which were so abundant in many jilaces.
One family who moved into Stony Creek Township nearly at its
first settlement, consisting of a young man and his active, robust
wife and her young brother, a lad of sixteen yeai-s, had a very
serious misfortune almost at their first coming. Only three or
four days after their arrival, while he was splitting clapboards
with a " frow." it glanced into his knee and gave such a fearful
wound that he was helpless on the puncheons of their camp floor
for six weeks or more. They had come in February, and the
heroic wife and her helpful brother, no wise dismayed, set to
making sugar. They had brought with them foui- large kettles
on purpose for that very service, and. by the coming of wai-ra
woiather. the woman and the lad had succeeded in making foiu'
or five barrels of excellent tree sugar, which answered a splendid
purpose dm-ing the coming summer months in exchange for corn
and other supplies. Their only hoi-se, also, died shortly, but
one was obtained of an uncle in Wayne County, with which they
contrived to pass the summer. The husband is dead, but the
heroic wife is still alive to tell the tale of their early trials.

Another settler some years before that made a great quantity
of sugar, and, on taking it to Cincinnati, found the market over-
stocked and had to bring part of it home again, and, being a
mechanic, he set a barrel of sugar open in the shop for anybody
to eat when h<. chose to do so, and in that way he contrived to
get rid of his surplus sugar.

Many of the very earliest residents were merely transient.

200

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

making no "improvement'' beyond barely a cabin for temporary
occupancy, opening no clearing, but subsisting by hunting and
trapping, living on the flesh and bartering the hides for such nec-
essaries as had to bo purchased. It took little to do such fami-
nes. Johnnycake and hominy and venison and other wild game
furnished them an ample subsistence. And, when pormanent
settlers began to plant their stakes and build their cabins, these
"squatters" would "pack up their traps'' and "shove out" for
some newer region. One of the Western pioneers declared that
he would n(jt live nearer to any neighbor than fifteen miles, and
another, that he wished to be so far from settlers that he had to
"camp out" at least one night ingoing to visit tUem. A neigh-
l)or only three or four miles distant was "close by," and a woman
thought it no hardship to start out of a morning on foot, with a
babe in her arms, and two or three others trotting and prancing
along by her side, to meeting, three or fom- miles, or to visit a
neighbor at the same distance.

For instance, when the Peacocks and the Hills settled in J'eri-
cho, in the spring of IHlH, i\lr. Kennedy was living near Mt
Zion Meeting-house, south of Nathaniel Kemp's. They were the
nearest settlers to tlie Jericho people, and so they would " neigh-
bor" together upon a path marked by blazed trees through the
' woods. When Rev. Thomas Wiley first settled near New Lisbon,
north of, what is now Union Oity, tbeir nearest neighbor, outside
of their own group, was Mr. Fowler, one mile south of Union City,
and those " neighbors " used to visit b;'.ek and forth, because
they lived so close together, you know.

And it is the uniform declaration of all early settlers that the
society of acquaintances was much more highly prized, and wel-
comes were far more hospitable in those days, than is the case in
thaso later years.

But when men " came to stay," the next thing after building
a houE- \ or, oftenei, a camp, was to njake a "clearing," and
plant a field of corn. The man and larger boys would set
promptly to girdling the larger trees, "twelve inches and over,"
and under that size, to cut down and pile and burn. The woman
and the girls and younger boys would pile brush and grub, and fire
the heaps, and in a few weeks, by the time for corn planting,
early or late, a sightly clearing would appear, and the precious
seed would be buried in the earth, forerunner of the golden har-
vest. Sometimes seven acres of ground would bo prepared and
planted at the first planting, by a single family. With the
" baying " propensities implanted in the present artificial gener-
ation, these methods would seem almost like starvation, but wants
were then few and easily supplied. There were no roads and
nearly no markets. The towns wei-e few and small — mere log
hamlets in the vast and endless forest. Whnn the tirst settlers
came to Randolph, Cincinnati was a litili', straggling town;
B,ichmond was a hamlet of perhaps twentj^ houses; Newport,
Winchester, Muncie, Indianapolis and hundreds of other places,
now fresh and thriving towns, had never yet been thought of.
Nineteen-twentieths of the whole State of Indiana were still vir-
gin forest, and to get into or out of these new sattlements was a
task indeed. Iron and salt must in some way l>e gotten, and
they wore obtained, but it was "by the hardest." One resident,
still living, declares that his father once paid f 18 for a barrel of
salt. Another one, now an old man, says that a barrel of salt
which he once got from Dayton stood him in $11.

These prices are, of course, very extreme cases, yet $4 and $5
per barrel were only ordinary jjricea And iron, too, and articles
made of iron, were very expensive. But the products of the fai'm
were much of the time excessively low. Pcrjc and wheat and
corn and cattle, almosf *Jie only things available to a farmer,
were so low as scarcely to repay the cost or trouble of hauling or
driving to market. A ])ioneer of Central Ohio, who came from
Eastern Now York as late as 1«39, had, in the fall of 1841, two
crops of corn and of oats on hand — the oats in the stack, and
the com, one crop in the .shock and the other in the crib. When
asked by an Eastern visitor why he did not market his grain,
" What's the use ? " he said; " corn is only 10 cents at Columbus
and oats 12 cents, forty-five miles away, and that will not pay
for hauling them to market," which was probably the fact.

In a neighboring county, as late as 1842 or 1848, in a diary

kept by an observant citizen, facts are not«d from time to time,,
to wit:

"Eggs are very scai-ce and hard to get — C> cents; butter is
scarce and rising rapidly — 8 cents: com high, hardly any to be
got— price, 15 cents; pork (net), brisk, good business doing — $2
a hundred."

Early settlers of this county have sold pork at Kichmond at
$1 a hundred net, and half ti-ade at that. A resident who came
in about 1842 was offered pork, good and well-fatted, at 75 cents
cash per (net) hundred, and declined to purchase, because, as he
said, he could do better. Another who was born in Eandolph,
and is still a citizen, says that he has hauled hams and shoulders
to Cincinnati and sold them for $2 a hundred. An ancient resi-
dent of Wayne County assured the writer of this article that he
had tried and tried in vain to sell as good wheat as ever grew
for 1 2^ cent per bushel to obtain money to j>ay his taxes.

An emigrant to Randolph County ;ls late as 1846 bought a
cow with a calf ten weeks old, fat and fine (which now alone
would almost or quite bring the money), for $10.

He bought a dressed hog, weighing 212 pounds, for $4.25.
A year or two before that (fall of 1844), the same man bought
an excellent cow (which, if he had now, he would not sell tor #50)
for $d, and he sold the same cow for $7.

Beef during those times was sold at 1 ,| to 2 cents per pound.
It is a curi us fact, however, that tallow was even then 8 to 10
cents a pound, whereas now, white beef is anywhere from 5 to 15
cents, tallow only is from 5 to 6 cen*^s a pound — lower than beef
ribs! The quantity of tallow has vastly increased, but the de-
mand for it has ueoreased still more. 'Then tallow was from two
to five times as high as ordinary beef in the large, now the tal-
low is the very cheapest part of the whole animal.

For many years, the farmers of Randolph did, not as thoy
wished, but as they could, and labor-saving inventiuna and other
improvements were but slow in finding their way into wbat was
then the far West. And in the stock, too, the settlers had to be
satisfied with the commonest cattle, sheep, s\vine, etc. " Elm-pot<l-
ers" for hogs, that, when fattened, -would weigh 1 50 pounds, were
good enough, and a 2(X)-pound hog was splendid. There were
man^' wild hogs in the woods, and it was one of the diversions
of the time to go out on horseback, with gun and dog, to chase
and shoot their winter's pork, with a horse and boy, moreover,
to hitch to the gambrels of the dead hogs and haul them
to the open road, whence the wagon or the sled would tak^A
several at once to the dressing-place at home. And the cat^
tie and the horses were of the commonest land. Many, in-
deed, did their best with the "common stock," and not a few
fine specimens of the " native bieeds " were to be seen, showing
what care and feeding will accomplish. But, as time rolled on,
men saw what .older settlements in Ohio and elsewhere had done,
and gradually ' ' improvement " began to be the order of the day
in Randolph, as well as in other places. It is, in fact, true that
but few of the Randolph farmers have at any time been noted
for extensive handling of improved breeds, most preferring to go
to Wajne County or to Ohio to get what animals they wished.
But the result of the gradual movement has been that the whole
matter of domestic stock has, in the coarse of years, been almost
wholly revolutionized, and the elm-peeler hog and the scrub cat-
tle are raiely, if ever, seen. The farmers of Randolph, moreover,
have kept pace to the full with the onwaid march of things, and
the fields, and the sheds, and the dwellings, of the thrifty and
wide-awake residents ai-e filled with all manner of machinery and
implements without number or end, to make labor easier and
more iiro<luctive.

Stork Imprnvement. — James Moorman is thought to have
brought nearly the tirst bull to Randolph County of blooded
stock from Kentucky, in 1853. Benjamin Hunt, west of Lynn,
is known to have handled Durliam blooded stock on his farm
about 1840 or 1842. lie had also black Bei-kshire hogs even
earlier than that. William D. Frazee had fine blooded cattle.
He exhibited, in 1858, a splendid Dmham cow, which, with
only poor keeping, gave nine gallons of milk per day, and
whose calf at a year old, without ever having eaten an eai-
of corn, wae estimated at 1,000 to 1,100 poimda' weight. Other

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

cattle-owners were Charles Stevenson, below Huntsville: Isom
Sedgwick, near Huntsville; John Brooks, west of AVinchestor;
Anthony We\v (one of the leading stock men), etc. William
Starbuck and Nelsim Pegg, near Buena Vista, have dealt in
shorthorns, James Branson, of Stony Creek, first had Jersey
cattle. In sheep, Joshna Johnson, of Buena Vista, and Isaac
Farquhar, of Huntfiviile, have owned fine stock. As to swine,
Benjamin Hunt was one of the very earliest. Nelson Pegg,
Buena Vista; Elza Mclntyro, Maxville; Messrs. Graves, Morton

and Kennon, Bnrtonia; Botkin, Farmland, and others have

been noted. Thomas Smith Kennon has dealt in fast horses,
and has a private track on which to test and train and show the
speed and nnettle and Ixjttom of the horses which he may own.
In 18S2, Samuel Conkling, living west of Union City, had one
bull and a cow and some heifers and the finest mare in the
county. She took, afterward, the first premium at the Ohio
State Fair; the cattle were shorthorns.

The first improved swine were "black Berkshires." Who
first introduced them or when is not now known. Peter Stidham,
of Greensfork; Esquire tira^'es, of Bartonia, as also George
Parent, near Union City, in Ohio, have been prominent in deal-
ing in blooded swine, as also in sheep. Messr& Morton and
Kunkel, near Bartonia, have also done something in that line.

The first nureery in the region was by Joseph Cole, in Darke
County, Ohio. Afterwai'd, George Gephsu-t, south of Union City,
established a nursery, and after him, Benjamin Buckingham,
west of Union City. Levi Hill, of Greensfork, south of Spar-
tansbiu-g, is carrying on the nursery business to a considerable
extent. Mr. Woodbm-y got his trees in Wayne County.

Among stockmen Jeremiah Middleton, William M. Camp-
bell, Wilson Anderson and James Ruby, of Greensfork, deal
largely in swine.

Joseph Hewitt, near Neflf; Gall aher, south of Neff ; Israel Smith,
son of Amos Smitli, in Stony Creek, have handled much stock,
some of them having been engaged in raising and selling for
twenty -five years or more. Amiiield Thomburg, in 1839, owned
what was judged to be the best horse then in the county. Ho kept
the animal twoyejirs, charging $8 per colt, and clearing $450 the
first year. The horse was taken into Iowa to Black Hawk's Pur-
chase, and afterward to Illinois, and sold for SfiO."). The horse
was of the Bertrand stock, raised in Clinton County, Ohio.

Samuel Amburn and Isaac J. Smi+h, east of Windsor, are
good fanners. Smith especially raises great numbers of swine.
owning sometimes twenty-five brood sows in a single yeai'.

Stony Creek, as also Nettle Creek, is a good township, finely
watered by streams and springs, and well suit^id both for stock
and grain. At the present time, Calvin Hinshaw, north of
Lynn, is very prominent among owners of swine. He has a large
herd of very fine animals of the Poland-China variety, selling
them at high prices.

Ajnong farmers who have handled fancy stock in years past
have been Jonathan Johnson, Nathan Johnson, William Johnson,
Anthony Way, Benjamin Hunt, David Clevinger, Frank Cranor,
Paul Beard, Lemuel Wiggins, besides others not known.

Nathan Johnson used to deal extensively in improved stock,
mostly short-homed cattle. Joel A. Newman was engaged con-
siderably in the cattle business, but he has mostly (juit. Daniel
Engle owns a large stock of cattle and swine. Jonathan Johnson
and Elijah Nichols were stockmen thirty yeai-s ago. Isaiah
Hockett dealt in Berkshire hogs thirty or forty years ago; ho was
one of the very earliest to deal in improved breeds. Lemuel
Wiggins, at Losantville, has been a largo cattle-owner; he owns
twelve orchards on his various farms. John C. Clevinger brought
twelve head of cattle (males and females) from Warren County,
Ohio, about 1855; he sold them for $60 to .f 100 each before the
wai-. Henry C. Thornburg, Mr. Driscoll and Thomas A\'. Keoce
bought one each at $100. Mr. Reece had improved stock later,
from Wayne County, Ind. William Adkins brought swine,
chiefly Poland-China, from Butler County, Ohio. One male,
three years old, was sold by Adkins for $58. A. J. Day, in latoi-
years, sold many pigs. Maiion Hewitt has fed fifty to sixty head of
swine in a year. William Hewitt raises 100 to 120 head; J. C.
Clevinger often has 100 head, etc.

These men deal also largely in cattle. Hoi-ses and sheep
throughout the region are about on an average. The stock of horses
is good, and there sure many splendid animals owned. Sheep ai-e
but few, and of but moderately improved stock.

William Hewitt has raised considerable fruit; he sold 300
bushels of winter fruit in 18S0. Mai'ion Hewitt also sells quite
a <piantity of fruit. William Peacock and William A. Macy, of
Wayne Township, have orchards of excellent fruit.

John T. Thornb\u'g has engaged extensively in bee culture,
but, during the winter of 1880-81, his bees died extensively,
many of his hives being killed by the severity of the cold. Bee
culture is low, the swaiins have largely perished, and people
have become greatly discoixrasied in the matter. William John-
son, of Washington Township, is employed in bee cultiu'e, with
much interest and skill and gratifying success; he has obtained
Queen bees from Alabama and the "Holy Land " for the improve-
ment of his stock of bees, as also whole swarms fi-om Alabama,
obtaining, in 1880, six from that State.

TRUIT INPROVEMENT.

The first orchai-d is thought to have been planted by Henry
H. Way, near Sampletown, west of Winchester, perhaps before
1820. Many orchards were early started, very few of them, how-
over, being " grafted fruit." The first nm-series were established
by one Hinshaw, an eccentric genius who ti-aveled through the
country, sowing npple-seeds, making jnimps and what not, akin
to "Johnny Appleseed," of Jay County memorj-, if, indeed, he
wore not the same person. (He was not the same, but one of
kindred spirit and similar practice.)

One of the first to undertake the improvement of fniit was
AVilliam Doty, near Buena Vista, who afterward removed to
Fai'mland. Asahel Stone btgan a nursery, from which several
orchards were planted. John Howard, west of Buoua Vista,
planted several nurseries; he seemed well skilled in his business,
but ho did more good for the public than for himself, as he was
given to di-ink.

G. D. Hufiinan commenced a fruit farm in 1873, and has now
forty acras planted: 2,500 ai>ple trees, 800 pear trees, two acres
of gi-apes, with 2,000 gi-apo vines, besides other kinds of fruit,
are found in his grounds. The products of his orchard and vine-
yard are just beginning to appear. He had 2(X) bushels of apples
last year, and several tons of grapes. William Snyder has 500
aci-es of apples, begun in 1873. William Botkin has grown fi'uit
considerably.

Several nurseries have existed from time to time in difierent
places in the county. Levi Hill, of Spai-tansburg, is spending
much time and money in establishing himself in the fruit ti-eo
business.

Among '* boemen " may bo named John Somers, near Win
Chester; Benjamin Puckett, who had a large stock of bees;
Thornbui'g, of Winchester, extensive business; Rev. Pierce, of
Winchester, had a largo stock; James McNeal, south of Win-
chester; William Johnson, of Johnson's Station. Poultry fan-
ciei-s have been N. H. Ward, of Winchester; Mote Mills, Win-
chester, foi-morly with Joshua Johnson, of Buena Vista.

William and Marion Hewitt, uf Stony Creek, and Lemuel
Wiggins, of Nettle Creek, have done creditably in the fruit line.

No horticultural society had ever existed in Randolph County,
until January 14, 1881. The State association was organized in
1800, holding its nineteenth session in 1870. Several citizens of
Randolph County have been connected with the State movement,
Gon. Asahel Stone being, perhaps, one of the foremost. Daniel
E. Huffman has been connoctod with it since 180(5; he was a
member of the Executive Committee for years, and is now one of
the Vice Presidents. Hon. W. E. Murray, Gen. A. Stone and
William Botkin are meml)ers of the as.sociation from Randolph
at j)resent.

The annual meetings for the State are held at vai-ious points
I — at Dublin, in l,S7y; at Crawfnrdsville, in 1880, and the society
I will meet at Muncie in 1881. Though there had been no public
I organized movement for improvement in horticulture, flori-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ciilUu-e, etc. , in Randolpli County, yet mucli was done in a private
way. The contrast between tLe beautiful shi-ubbery, creeping
])lnnts, house flowers and what not of the present day and the
•'old time" dark and bare house walls and the naked dooryards
of primitive days, is indeed wonderful. But still only the
bright dawn of the morning of beauty and delight has barely be-
gun to break over the darkness of the past. The sublime dec-
laration of Holy Writ, "He has made everything beautiful in
its time," is only faintly realized.

It is a sad thought that money and labor enough to have
made this world of ours a very paradise of unspeakable beauty
from end to end of the civilized world have been squandered for
ages upon ages upon the low and useless, and even base, human
passions and propensities. A single farmer, an old settler of
Randolph County, declared, not long ago, that ho and his family
of several boys had spent more money for tobacco alone than
would suffice to pay for his farm of eighty acres. Only think of
the pictures, the musical instruments, the ornaments of beauty
and skill, the shrubbery, the flowers and the articles of adorn-
ment of every imaginable sort, that that $4,000 would have pro-
cured for that tobacco-devouring group diu-ing the past fifty

And yet men and women will smoke and chew tobacco and
ckink sjjirits and do abundant other similar and oven worse
things, lavishing money like water upon foolish, useless and hiu-t-
ful practic&s and indtilgenoos, plragging the race ever downward
toward sensuality and loathsome corruption and crime. God
speed the day when, as the wild prairies are clothed with end-
less and bewildering beauty, so the haunts of men, where the
objects of natural beauty have been ruthlessly destroyed, may
come to bti robed in the splendor of cultivated art spread abroad
on every hand.

Convtij Horticnlfnrnl /Sorieti/. — January 14, 1882, a meeting
was held in the grand jury room at the court house, in Winches-
ter, to organize a horticultm-al society. Hon. William E. IMiu'-
ray was chosen President of the meeting, and D. E. Hufl'man,
Socrotmy. On motion, a committee was appointed to present a
constitution and by-laws, consisting of J. P. Lesley, Nelson
Pegg and Obadiah Fields. After discussions and remarks by
William Snyder, D. E. Hoilman, Jesse Willmoro, E. Hiatt, etc.,
the committee reported a constitution and bylaws which were
adopted by sections :

Name — Randolph County Horticultural Society.

Object — Horticulture, including fruit growing, shrubbery,
gardening, beautifying homes, etc.

Officers — President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasm-or and
Executive Committee.

Meetings— (Annual) first Saturday in December, at 10 A. M.

Other Meetings — First Satiu-day of each month, and at other
times by adjournment or appointment.

Membership — $1 annually; women free.

Members— William Snyder, Nelson Pegg, B. F. Willmoro,
Obadiali Fields, Amas Lesley, Ephraim Hiatt, D. E. Hoftman,
W. E. Miu-ray, Strother Brumiiold, Jcssse W. Willmore, John W.
•larnagan, J. P. Lesley.

Meeting adjourned to meet the first Saturday in Februarv,

188:^.

Society met Febniary 4,
))ormanent officers were chot
William E. Murray; Vice President, Nelson Pegg; Secretary, J.
P. Leslev; Treasurer, William Snyder; Executive Committee.
Jesse Wiilmore, Ephraim Hiatt, D. E. Hoftman.

The President delivered a brief address, a communication was
read from W. H. Ragan, Secretary of the State Horticultural So-
ciety. J. P. Lesley road an instructive pa]>er upon frnit trees;
several new members joined the society, and an adjournment was
had to Satu)-day, March 4, at LliO P. M.

March 4, 1882, society met upon adjournment. A communi-
cation was read from W. H. Ragan, Secretary of the State Horti-
cultural Society, under date of February 20, 1882. The time of
meeting was changed to the second Saturday of each month.
Specimens of apples, very f^ne, were exhibited as follows: Roman
Beauty, Uriah Davis; Wine Sap, White Pippin, Never Fail,

Newtown Pippin, Nelson Pegg; Red Romanite, Oesr.e Willmore.
Methods of gi'afting wore explained and illustrated by David
Huston. An essay on apple culture was road by Obadiah Fields.
Remarks were made by Jesse Willmore and Nelson Pegg. D.
E. Hofl'man pr&sonted a list of varieties for an orchai-d of 100
trees — three Early Harvest, two lied Astrachan, two Early Tren-
ton, three Fall AViue, three Rambo, four Maiden's Blush, two
Lowell, three Twenty-Ounce, two Belmont, twenty-five Ben
Davis, ten Roman Beauty, ten Smith's Cider, ten ^^'ine Sap, five
Wagner, five Tallman's Sweet, three Baldwin, three Willow
Twig, three Grimes' Golden, two Roman Stem. For a commer-
cial orchard, fewer varieties tind more Ben Davis and Roman
Beauty.

David Huston presented another list — three Yellow June, two
Bailey's Sweet, four Early Harvest, two Tallman's Sweet, four
Red Astrachan. eight Roman Stem, two Daniel Apple, eight
Wine Sap, two Fall Wino, six Roman Beauty, six Maiden Blush,
six Smith Cider, six Rambo, four AVagner. three Fall Pippin,
four Yellow Bellflower, three R. I. Greening, four Ben Davis,
three Seek-no- further, four Never-Fail. three Spitzenberg, four
Baldwin, three Red Romanite. four Tapehocken, two White
Pippin. Marion Har-ter recommended the Esopus Spitzenberg
and American Golden Russet.

A deep interest was manifested thi-oughout, and the members
were greatly encouraged. Additional members, John Commons.
Hai-vey Hiatt and Mai-ion Harter. Jesse Willmore was appointed
essayist; subject, "Forestry and Transplanting Trees." Ad-
joiuned till the second Saturday in April.

Society met Aj)ril .S, 1882. New member, I, J. Farquhar.
Essay on Forestry by Jesse Wilhnore, with remarks by Messrs.
Fai'cjuhar, Murray, Fields, Huffinan. J. P. Lesley read a paper
on " Orchard Culture, " ifull of facts and suggestions. D. E.
Hoftman essayist for next meeting. Society adjourned to meet
at the residence and in the grove of D. E. Hoft'man on the second
Saturday in May, 1882.

SORGHUM.

Some twenty years ago, a new industi-y arose in the United
States — the raising of cane of various sorts for siruji. The kind
first raised was imjjorted from China to France, and from France
tlu-ough our Patent Office to this country. Many kinds, the
Chinese, or Sorghum, the African, or Imphoe, and still other
varieties have been cultivated with large success through most of
the Middle and Western States. The product amounts to manj
million gallons of sirup in the United States. Many attempts
have been made to manufacture sugar fi'om the Northern cane,
but with only partial success. The molasses product from sor-
ghum, etc., enters little into the general national market for quo-
tation at the groat centers; yet the farming population raise and
USB it largely. At first, each producer undertook to have a mill,
and make his own cane into sugar or sirup. Wooden mills were
fii'st employed to crush the canes, and, though less rapidity was
attained than by the iron mills now in vogue, yet it is the gen-
ei'al and probably the coirect opinion thiat the wooden mills pro-
duced a better article of sirup than is made with the other sort.
The sorghiun is raised commonly in small (luantities, in patches
of a quarter or a half an acre, chiefly for home consumption,
though not a little is sold, also, to parties who raise none. Ran-
dolph began the raising of sorghum and tlie kindred canes early,
and^large amounts have been produced fi-om year to year. Lat-
terly, mills have been established at convenient points, and one
mill answers for a large region; 1,UOO, 2,()0() and 3,000 gallons
are no uncommon quantities to be made by a single mill.
Farmers haul their cane sometimes six or eight miles to be
crushed. When made ))rojierly, this sorghum sirup is very
nice and j)alatable, and many like it better than they do the
Now Orleans article. The general custom in making the sirup
is to do it " upon shares." taking two gallons to every five, eleven
pounds being considered a gallon; or, for cash, an amount vary-
ing from 15 to 20 cents per gallon.

The improvements in utensils and methods have been such
that the product is now a very superior article, bright, clear,
sweet and every way adapted for general, nay, for univei'sal use.

Many mills have been in operation in Randolph County for

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH OOFNTY.

many years, but genonil statistics aro not availtible, and giioss
work would add nothing, and might start somo on a false scent,
and sprve simply to perplex them, with no good result. Among
the owners of mills for sorghum hnvo been Mr. Iloyer and Mr.
Bunch, in the southern part of Greensfork Township, as also ]\L'.
■Weiss, near Graugorville, Mr. Alexander, north of S])artansliurg,
etc. Mr. Royor and Mr. Bunch are old hands at the Vnisiness, and
succeed in making a very splendid product. Probaby the rest
make as good. A Mr. Fulghum was very noted a few years ago
for the wonderful sorghum, bright, heavy, clear, pure, which
was produced at his mill, but he has left the township, and only
the memory of his splendid production remains. Mr. Fulghum
lived in Groensfork, southeast of Spartansburg. Somo think the
" sorghum cultui-e " has declined within two or throe years ]>a.st.
We cannot judge how the fact may be as to the matter.

Our statistics upon this matter are but meager, concerning
the manufacture referred to in this article. A\'e have no general
information as to the county at largo. AVo only know that sor-
ghum, etc., is grown, and, of course. nianufactm'e<l throughout
its whole extent, but definite details we are unable at presc^nt to
furnish.

I, almost an inconceivable, amount of labor has
been expended by the farmers of Kiindolph County during the
sixty-eight years of their settlement therein, in fencing theircul-
tivatod land. From the beginning, untold (juantities of the
finest, gi-andest trees — oak, ash, hickory, and even walnut and
what not — have every year boon felled romor.ielessly to the ground,
and, l)y the hardest and severest toil, been severed into rails to
I)e piled u)) into huge fences, eight, tea and even twelve rails
high, that no beasts, and scarcely man himself, could surmount.
And quite well have those old-time fences served their pm'])ose.
A son of one of the eai-liest pioneers, himself an enterpri.sing
farmer, statas that last spring (1881) he reset a fence laid by his
father more than sixty years ago, that had never Ijoforo lieen dis-
turbed since first the rails were laid into the "worm," and that
he found many of the walnut rails still sound and firm.

But, oh! the mauling and pounding and chopping and lifting
and tugging for sixty years ]iast, that the fanners of Randolph
have accomplished, in order to make and repair and renew those
same rail fences. Few, perhaps none, hiive any idea of the
amount of such materials and such structures in the county and
in the comitry at large, and of their simazing cost in labor or in
money, or in both. To fence Randol]>h County iu fields of ten
acres each, with roads one mile apart, would take about 7,5(1(1
miles of fence, which, at twenty rails to the rod, will require
.18,0(H»,(100 rails, which, at §30 per 1,(X)0, would cost aljout !?1,-
500,000; or, to make post and board fence at $1.00 per rod, the
cost would be !S3, 840,000 -equal to the value of yO,0(M) acres at
$10 per acre! It is evident, that, with the exhaustion of the
timber, sources of fencing material, a necessity is ai'ising for find-
ing some other means of creating or renewing fences. Only two
methods have thus far been suggested or practiced, viz. . by live
hedges and by iron. The first is unsuitable for general use for
several reason.s, and so is the la,tter. What will be done in the
future is hard to t«ll. Some hedges have been set and have grown
to be suitable for fence, and a small amount of fence has been
made of iron wire, while some iron fence has been constructed
in citieB and villages. Very lately, an idea has arisen that posts,
and possibly rails, may be cheaply manufactm'ed of artificial
stone by each farmer at home. If so, the matter will be of in-
calculable advantage to the country. The manufacture of stone
has indeed long been an assm-od fact. The question whether it
can be done so easily and so cheaply as to enable each farmer to
make his own farm fencing material hcis not yet been determined.
Experiments with this in view are in progress, and the hope is
that in the near futiu'e, the manufacture of stone posts, rails,
etc., breach land-owner upon his own ])romises will have be-
come an accomplished fact. Barbed wire seems to be coming
into extensive use in many regions of the cotmtry; yet there are
very sei'ious objections to its employment for general fencing
puriwses, one of which is the great danger of damage to stock
from running against its sharp iind jagged jwiints, which fact

not seldom occurs. The manufacturers are trying to oln-iate this
difficulty by making the points loss sharp and also by having it
of a whitish color so as to be readily seen; still, it remains true
that " barbed wire fence " is u nuisance anrt ought not to bo om-
ployo.1.

Scdiiwirk F<;„-v. Within a short time past, a new kind of

fence, consisting of woven wirt% lias been invented by Messrs
Sedgwick, late of West River 'J'ownsliip, llandolph County, iind
the material is manufactured in great cpiantiti.'s at Richmond.
Ind., and the sale of it has Itecoiiie very extensive and is con-
stantly incn^asing. The fence is light, cheap, ta.steful, beautiful,
safe and durable, and would seem to bo admirably adapted to its
intended purpose; and it may ])rove, at least, a most important
factor toward accomplishing the solution of the great and
per])lexing fence ])roblem in this Westeni world. Let us hope
so, indeed, since this vast problem stands well-nigh like the won-
ih'ous Sphinx on the Egyjitian sands, ready to devour whatever
unhappy wight shall fail to answer the tpiestion juopounded to
his v<'xed and troubled .soul.

Fo:

>re than fifty years within the liounds of Randolph,
a ditch for drainage made by public authority

had not been hoard of, much less been seen or known. Howe>
the necessity of ditches liocame a[>parent, and the Legislature
i)rovided a way for their construction, and in due time the good
work was begun in Randolph. The first ditch that appears on
the Commissioners' records, so far as discovered, was petitioned
for by Heni-y Handschy, in the northeast part of Jackson Town-
ship, to drain a pond to the Mississinewa by a ditch seventy rods

The petition was acted on March Kl, 18(58, and John B.
Clap[), Joseph Kemp and David S. Harker were apjwintod Assess
ors, according to the law of the case provided. Sei)tember, bSCiS.
John W. Griffis petitioned for a ditch 3,y()0 feet in length,
through lauds of Griffis, Holland and Shafier. Dceeniljer, 18()8.
Jesse and Epaminondas Oakey asked for a ditch '2,5>.'')7 feet long
through lands of Oakey, Moorman. Thompson and Shoomake.
Since tliiit time, many ditches have been asked for and granted
and made, vastly impi-oving the condition of the lands of the
county, making tracts that had been worthless from excess of
water to become the finest .ind most fertile lands in th(( whole
region. There is a ditch running west of Spartansburg. several
miles long.

The longest ditch in the county thus far ordered ;s one drain-
ing the swamps of the "Dismal." located Juno, 1880. The
ditches that have been made uji to this time are chiefly in AVhite
River, Groensfork. Wayne, Jackson. Monroe and Ward. Six-
teen ditches were ai>plied for from July, 18(10, to March, 1 874.
Twelves ditches were asked for from March, 1880, to August, 1881 .

In connection with public ditches, the subject of tile-draining
may bo considered, which has grown up from a thing unknown to
bo a vast industry, employing multitudes of hands and costing
huudroils of thousands of dollai's. but richly worth all it costs,
and dastined to become still more vast and wonderful in amount
and importance and value.

The growth of this business in this county has Ijoen wonder-
ful. In IS.V), the first drain-tile ever made in the State of In-
diana was made at Elisha Martin's I)rick-yiird, south of Winches-
ter. Mr. Miu-tin's son, John K., a lad of nineteen, getting sight
of half a tile, set to work, constructed a mold himself, made 200
lods of tile, by hand, of com-se, and burnt them in his father's
brick-kiln. Xow, in R.indolph County alone, there are at least
seventeen tile factories, tm-ning out, in the aggregate, it may Im?,
100.000 rods of tile annually of various si/.os. One of the* fac-
tories, perhaps no more extensive than the rest, burns twenty
kilns in a year, of 400 rods each, or 8,000 rods annually. At
this rate, seventeen kilns would make ]li(),()(M> rods a yeai'. Evi-
dently, immense numbers are being used. A little calculation
will show that tile-drains across the entire county, thirty rods
apart, would recpiiro iiliout a million and a half of rotls of tile,
which, at the rate now fm-nishod, would be put in in about twelve

204

HISTORY OF RANDOJ.PII COUNTY.

The tilo factories aro located as follows; Parkor, Farmland.
Ridgeville, Saratoga, Winchaster, Lynn (two), Bartonia, Hunts-
villo (two), Buona Vista, Losantville (two), Spartansliurg (near),
Salem (near), Harrisville, Pittsburg and perhaps others. There
is also one on the State line, in Ohio, two miles south of Union
City, and one in Union City, Ohio. This last is a remarkable
establishment, an account of which will bo found under Union
City.

The business of tile-making has been carried to a high de-
gree of perfection, the machine sending fortli a continual stream
of ready-made pipe, which is cut liy a wire into appropriate
lengths of one foot each. This branch of industry is both hon-
orable and greatly useful, the value of the soil for production
being immensely increased. In old times, ditches were put in
simply in swampy places or to drain jionds. Now, tile-drains
are laid by many farmers over nearly the whole extent of their
lands, and the sf)il is wonderfully benefited by the operation.

We present an account of throe or foar of the tilo-kilns as an
indication of the natiu-e and extent of this now and most usefjil
branch of industry.

Tile Faclonj 'near Burna Vista (Thomas Brady). — This es-
tablishment was set up at Buena Vista about 1S75 by Gray Bros.
In 18<S1, it was bought by Thomas Brady, and moved one and a
half miles south and put into operation on a greatly enlarged
scale and with facilities much itoproved. Gray Bros, used to
burn twenty kilns in a season, with 450 rods each. Mr. Brady
has introduced the " Wicker Kiln,"' being tlio first of the kind in
the coimty. It has a jiermanent brick top, and the tiles are put
in and taken out at the side. The burning is effected in a pecul-
iar manner; first, at the top and then below, both at the sides
and the ends. Two fii-ingholes are at each side and live at each
end. They save twenty-four hours' time and 25 per cent of the
fuel, and make a superior <juality of tile. Thirty-six to forty
hours' time and four and a half cords of wood will complete the
burning of the large kiln of 1,0()0 rods of tile. Mr. Brady has
only just begun with his new style of kiln, but h(! is greatly
pleased with its operation and expects abundant success. There
are two tile factories near Huntsville, one owned by Jerry Bly
and another besides that.

Tile Factory Near Piftshunj.' Was established in 1S77, being
owned by Jesse Puterbaugh and operated by Moses M. Ferrell.
They have burned twenty-three small kilns in a season, 350 rods
each. The present kiln is large, holding 1.400 rods. They
burn one kiln ]ipr month, and find ready sale for all they can
make

Tile Fartorn, l.ijnn, Frixl d- l-rirkrl.-^lt was established in
1876. They biu-n eighteen kilns during the season, of 400 rods
each, and find an abundant said for all they produce. 'J'here is
also another tile factory near Lynn, owned by Hintt & Shultz,
which has been ni operation for several vears.

Tile Farlori/tvio miles north ..r I'.nrlcnr, owned by Bulloclc &
Brothei-s, established in 1877, and doing a large business.

Mr. Snooks, of Union City, Ohio, has tile works of a superior
sort, some account of which is given in his biography.

One is about to be established (spring of 1S82) by Warren S.
Montgomery, near Stone Station, northwest of Winchester.

WEATHER, CROPS, ETC.

In the sjiringof 1817, the emigrants who came tii-st to White
River met a heavy snow at the top of the Alleghanies on their
journey, and traveled in the snow all the way therein to their
new home, crossing the Ohio on the ice. probably about March
1, at Cincinnati.

Other winters have Ijeeu severe; 1887, 184:), 1857 wore very
hard winters, but we have no account of them for this locality at
hand.

1841 — Jacob Farquhar says (West River Township): "In
the spring of 1841, I had abundance of corn, and many came
from Jay County and elsewhere to buy of me. Among others,

Mr. , the Sheriff of Jay County, came after corn April

0, 1841. Ho stayed all night, and on the morning of April 7,
he started for home with a load of corn, the roads boiug frozen
hard enough to liear up IT- w;igon. Corn then sold foj 12.J

cents a bushel, and coonskins for 75 cents apiece— six bushels
of corn for one coonskin." About 1847 or 1848, the wheat
crop was very poor, wheat rising from 40 and 50 cents to $1.20
and !i!1.25 a bushel. In 1851 wheat was 40 cents a bushel at
Greenville, Ohio.

In 1874, the corn crop of Randolph was good, while yet in
the coimtry at large the yield was poor; and in the spring of
1875 the price of corn rose to 70 and 78 cents, netting the Ran-
dolph farmers a tine amount

Years ago. the weather was much less cold and snowy than it
has been of late. During the time from 184() to 1854, there was
but one period of sleighing of more than three or four days' con-
tinuance, and cold spells rarely lasted more than three days.

About 1875 was a very wet summer, the rains through July
being so frequent and so severe that the gathering of the harvest
became nearly an impoHsi))ility. Much of the grain grew and
rotted in the shock, and much that was housed was badly dam-

The wheat crop of 187U was v/onderful for abundance and
for excellence, many fields yielding thirty bushels and more to
the acre, and some rising to the amazing figure of fifty bushels,
and one small field in Grant County yielding at the rate of sixty
bushels to the acre. Some new kinds, the Fultz, and some
others, yielded amazingly.

The wheat crop of 1880 was a good one as well, though not
nearly e(iual to the one of the previous summer.

The summer of 1880 was exceedingly dry in the western por-
tion of the county, so as nearly to ruin the corn crop there.

The winter of 1880-81 was remarkable for cold and snow.
The snow began about November 10, and continued mostly until
March, with splendid sleighing much of the time, which was im-
proved immensely by such a product of sawlogs, etc. . hauled to
the mills as Randolph County never saw before, Tho mills at
Union City alone are said to have bought 25,000 logs, contain-
ing millions of feet of lumber.

The last week in March (March 1881), the snow began
falling in the night of Monday, and by the next day it was some
fifteen inches deep, and continued at intervals for several days,
until the body of snow lay on the ground from twenty to twenty-
four inches deep, a moist, heavy snow, and if it had not melted
as it fell, many think it would have been three feet deep. That
snow lay on for some two weeks or more, making, proljably, about
the worst roads that ever were seen.

The winter of 1880-81 is noted as being long, hiu-d, snowy
and severe, and the Mississippi Valley was greatly damaged by
water, especially the Missouri River. The suffering through
Minnesota and Nebraska and Dakota by deep snow and desperate
weather was fearful, as also by the awful floods on the Missouri.

The summer of ISSl has shown us the hottest weather ever
known in this region. About the 4th of July and onward, the
thermometer ranged from lOlP to 112^ in the shade, and with-
out a drop of rain for some weeks. The heat was awful. Some
•days have been almost without wind. However, at this writing,
(September 25, 1881), the di-outh and the heat are Iwth at an
enri Refreshing and abundant showers have watered the
parched earth, and the severity of the scorching heat has greatly
abated. No frost has yet fallen, and the weather is as delightful
as can well be imagined. October 27, 1881. .still no killing frost,
abundant rain has fallen, weather not even chilly, grass and
other things growing with great luxuriance. Two nights, Octo-
ber 20 and 21, slight frosts, doing no damage whatever. The
winter of 1881-82 was mild, with much rain and little freezing,
and a small amount of snow.

The spring of 1882 was forward through March and the fore
part of April, causing the grass to spring, the pie -plant to grow
luxuriantly, the wheat to come forward with unusual vigor, and
the poaches and early cherries to bloom About the 10th of
April, a smart .snow fell, and the night afterward a freeze oc
curred, making ice half an inch thick and freezing the ground
still deeper than that. Freezes and frosts kept on nearly every
night for more than a week, and even to this time (April 2'J,
1SS2), the weather has not regained the warmth that prevailed
during tlie latter half of l^Iareh.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

206

Prices have risen to pretty high figures^— butter, 25 to 30
cents; cattle and swine, from $4 to $(3; beef, to from 8 to 15
cents; corn, 70 cents; potatoas, $1.80 to $2.40, etc. Potatoes,
sauer kraut, etc., have Ijeen imported from Europe during the
present winter in largo quantities, a thing which, perhaps, never
before occurred in this country.

May 29, 1882. — The weather has been cold and very wet for
more than a month; not more than halt the corn crop is yet
planted, and not one-tenth of the plant has yet come up.
Miich of the ground had to be replowed because the heavy
rains had run the land together and made it hard and soggy,
and the outlook is altogether very discojiraging for the spring
crops, especially for corn. Many years ago, the corn crop by the
Ist of Juno used to be knee high and even more; and the 25th
of June, lS4(i, thirty-six years ago, the writer of this article saw
corn between Spartansburg and Richmond as tall as the top of
the head of a boy riding on horseback.

Several frosts have occiUTed during the month of May, doing,
however, but little damage.

June 25, 1882.— Crops generally look well, except corn, and
that is now coming on finely, though exceedingly small for the
time of year, the largest being not more than knoe high. Com
has lieen known to furnish green corn by July 4.

WEATHER

The author of this work has obtained access to an account of
the state of weather in the vicinity of Randolph County, kept
at Economy, Wayne Co., Ind., every day since April, 18;it3.

Three observations have been recorded daily, viz., sunrise, 2
o'clock P. M., and sunset.

Some items of information taken from that record are given
herewith:

The hottest day in 1888 was August 21 — U2 degi-ees above
zero at 2 P. M.; the coldest days in the winter of 1888-84 were
January 8 and 28, 10 below; the hottest day in 1884 was .August
12, yC) above; the coldest day in 1884-85 was February 7, 22
below; November 2i), 1885, the thennometer stood at sum-ise at
5 below: Mai-chl2, 188G, 18 below; November 4, 1880, 12 above;
May 4, 1837, 80 above — pretty hot for the 4th of May; Novem-
ber 1, 1887, ll)alx>ve: February 22, 1S8S, 21 below; May 11.
1888, 25 above; July 2U and August 12, 1888, «8 above: Octo-
ber 31, 1838, 18 above; November li), 1888.. zero; March 4,
183',», 18 below— coldest of the winter: May 4, 1889, 23 above;
July 29 and August 25, 1839,92 above — hottestof the year; Sep-
tember 28, 1839, 22 above; five succeeding days averaged 25;
November 25, 1839, 9 below; January 18, 1840, 15 below--
coldest of the winter; June 12 and 28, 1840, 80 above; October
20, 1840, 14 above; avorfige for four days, lo'\; January 18,
1841, 10 below— coldest; Juno 18, 1841, 98 hottest day;
March, 1842, warmest March on record ; average of month, 5( >^'j ;
March 24, 1843, 12 below; average of mouth, 13.\; October 14,
1843, 20 above; October 31, 1844, 19 above; February 2, 1845,
7 below —coldest of the winter; September 22, 1845, 30 above;
October 15, 1845, 20 above; July 9, 1840, 94 above; Januaiy
10, 1848, 21 below; June 27, 1848, 97 above— hottest of the
season; September, 1848, 29 above; June 20 and 21, 1849, 90
above; November 10, 1849, 24— killing frost; May 18, 1850, 28
above; May 7, 1851, 19 above; September 18, 1851, 92 above-
pretty hot for middle of September; January 19, LS5], 19 be-
low; average for the day, 14 below; May 20, 1852, 20 above —
pretty cold; June, 1858, 90 above, and above five days; average
of the month, 71 J.

1854 — From June to September inclusive, there were forty-
one days in the " nineties,'' viz., June 20 to 28, three days;
July, seventeen days; August, twelve days; September, nine
days; Aiigust 20 to September 10, eighteen days, above 90 every
day but three; four were 95; September 4 was 90; September
5 was 98; July 30, 1854, average for the day 84— highest but
one on the record; January, 1850, coldest month on the record;
January 9, 27 below; January 10, 29 below— <;oldest on the
record; number of days below zero in January and Febmary,
twenty days; February 3, 22 below; February 4, 24 below; Feb-
mary 5, 22 below; June 22, 1850, 95 above— seven days in

"ninety " in June, 1850; July 10, 1850, 98 above; July 29, ]85().
95 above; this month has the highest average heat on the record,
75, 95, 88 above -average 80; March 10. 1857, 10 below; May
12, 1857, 25 above; August (i, 1858, 98 above; June 5, 1859,
80 above— killing frost; July 10 to 20, 1859, 90 above; July 13
to 18, 1859, 90 and 98 above; December S, 1859, 15 below;
December 81, 1859, 15 below; January 1, 1800, 10 below; Jan-
uary 2, 1800, 18 below; June 27, 18(;0, 94 above; September 8,
1803, 90 above; January 1, 1804, 21, 14, 17 below; average 17J
— coldest whole day on record.

Note. —At Liber, Jay Co., Ind., the thermometer stood at 0
A. M. 20 below— oold New Year. At 9 F. M. the night before
it stood at 45 above, thus falling in nine hours 71 degrees, or a
fraction less than 8 degrees per hour.

July, 18(54, has fourteen "ninetias;"' July 30, 1804, has 98
above; Februai-y 10, 1800, 27 below; October, 1809, was exceedingly
cold, perhaps the coldest October ever experienced, thus: 13th, 24;
lOth, 22; 20th, 18; 24th, 11; 25th, 17; 27th, 11; 31st, 10; average
for seven days, 17 above zero; September 5 to 9, 1872, JH), 93, 98,
93, 92 above; December 22, 1872, 23 below; Januai-y 29. 1873.
28 below; October, 1878, was another cold October; October 7
was 24; 24, 18; 29, 15; 31, 19; average of four days, 19 above
zero; Stsptember. 1874, has four ''ninetias;" January, 1875, has
seven days below zero; February, 1875, has nine days below zero;
January 9 and 1 0 and February 1 8 have each 20' below zero; Sej)-
tember 2, 1875, has 90 -the hottest of the season. The win-
ter of 1875-70 had only two days below zero; DecHmber 17 and
18, 3 and 1 below; January 3, 4 and 5, 1879, 20, 20, 20 be-
low; January 3, 1879. averaged 15 below — the second coldest
day in forty-eight years: May 20, 1879, 88 above— hot for
the time of year; December 20, 1879, 3, 10, 9, wore the
lowest points reached during that winter: November 19, 1880,
10 below; November 22, 1M80, 21 below— coldest in November in
the record; December 9, 1880, 10 below; December 29, 1880, 20,
8, 14 below; average 14 below — the third coldest day upon the
record; July 5 to 18, 1881, !Ht, 90, 93, 95, 90, 90, 98, 98, 91
above; average 94|^. Thus far the record.

Notes. — August, 1^85, there was frost four times; February
28, 1830, at midnight, 10 below; at sunset, 11 below; at sun-
rise, 5 below; June, 1839, there was frost six times; July, 1839,
frost twice; August, 1839, frost three times; June, 1.S40, frost
four times; June, 1843, ft-o.st five times.

The above seems strange, since the thermometer indicated not
much below 4(». How there could be frost with the thermometer
at 40 or thereabouts is not easy to understand; but the keeper
of the record declares it to have been a fact.

It may bo well to say that the highest degi'ee of heat marked
may seem lower than has been noted elsewhere.

The place where the thermometer hung in the shade was be-
neath the boughs of a thick pine tree, where uo sunshine could
l)enetrato, and at a distance from any wooden or other sui-face of
any kind.

Mr. Osbom began the record in A])ri!, 1833, and kejit it per-
sonally about forty yeai-s, and before his death he left it in
chai'ge to continue the work tmtil at least fifty years had passed.
Two yeiu-s only remain of the full half centuiy, and his son is
faithfully continuing the record.

In 1872, the fai-mers of the county held meetings through-
out the region to discuss the merits of that order lately estab-
lished in the country.

In March, 1873, Round Top Grange, No. 85, was established.
Before the middle of 1874, twenty-seven granges were organized
in Randolph County, with from 900 to 1,100 members. The
Randolph Coimty Council of Patrons of Hiisbandry was organized
November 8, 1873, with Nathan Fidler as President, and B. F.
Willmoi-e as Secretary. The object of the council was to impart
insu'uction as to the inner work of the order, and for general
supervision over its aflfairs.

June 24, 1875, Henley James, Master of the State Grange,
met a company of Masters, Past Masters and Matrons at Win
Chester, and organized Randolph Pomona Grange, No, 2, in-

20G

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

stalling I. J. Farquhar, Master; Isham Sedgwick, Secretary;
William Ruble, Treasurer; the work of organizing, however,
being completed August 31, 1875.

In 1<S7(), the statistics of the order wore as follows: First
grange instituted, March, 1873; twenty- seven granges established;
three disbanded; fom- consolidated; lodges in operation, twenty
— aggregating several hundred members.

Since 187(), the growth has not been appjirant. In fact, for
some reason, many of the granges have ceased active operations.
Some of them are still continuing their work.

The objects of the order are certainly excellent — increase
of acquaintance and socialibility among farmers and their fam-
ilies, growth in intelligence as to business and the farming in-
terests of the country, consultation as to the best means of sus-
taining the prices of farmers' products and lowering the cost of
fanners' supplies, and, in general, the promotion of the welfare,
prosperity and success of the farming jiopulation of the country,
home life training, beautifying and ennobling farm life, sweeten-
ing, refining and piu-ifying the minds of the community at
lai'ge. The establishment of the order would seem, therefore,
to have accomplished much good in several ways. In truth, the
pursiut of farming lies at the very foundation of all business
prosperity in the country and throughout the world; and what-
ever tends to enlighten, to elevate, to oncoiu'age, to energize, to
strengthen, to purify, to ennoble that cl.ass of om- people tends
directly and powerfully to benefit the ■ community as h whole.
And it is to be hoped that the farmers of the land will lay hold
with vigor and energy of every sound and wise moans of attain-
ing and disseminating knowledge, wisdom, friendship and frater-
nal love through all the growing masses of our peojjle over the
whole wide spread land.

Pleasant Groix; (J range, No. 'J2(') (two miles north of Spar-
tansburg). — This grange was organized June 28, 1873, by Thomas
W. Eeece, with twenty male members and ten females. The
officers wore as follows: James Rubey, Master; C. F. Alexander,
Overseer; James Macy, Lecturer; Levi Snyder, Steward; J. AV.
Jackson, Assistant Steward; Emsley Jackson, Treasurer; J. F.
Middleton, Secretary; Alfred Rubey, Gatekeeper; Jennie Jack-
son, Ceres; Mrs. Hannah Wise, Pomona; Carrie Rubey, Assist-
ant Lady Steward.

The present officere are: C. F. Alexander, Miistor; James B.
Rubey, Overseer; John F. Middleton, Secretary; Peter Stidham,
Treasurer; Levi Snyder, Lecturer; Henry Wise, Chaphiin;
James Aiinstrong, Steward.

Members, January 1, 1878— twenty males, sixteen females,
and in ISSl, alxjut the same. Meetings have been maintained
once in two weeks from the fii-st, with interest and profit.

The gi'ange has a neat and convenient hall, which was dedi-
cated by a picnic June '27, 1 874, as also with addi-esses by Hen-
ley James, Master of the State Grange, and by Messrs. Will-
more and Fidler, of Randolph County. A large and interested
crowd was present. Several sup]>ers have been prepared .it the
hall at various times.

Great hannony has prevailed, a good social influence has
be 'U exerted, general information as to prices, the laws of busi-
ness and ti-ade, etc., has been diflused, a healthful influence has
been spread tluroughout the commmiity, and, by tJie general
movement throughout the country, much advantage has accrued
by the lowering of prices, consequently bringing producers and
consumers together by improving methods of production and en-
larging the amount of products, etc. The farming population
are the strength of the Nation; but they labor iiudor peculiar
and heavy disadvantages, and every movement which adds to
their knowledge and encourages and increases their activity
and prosperity nourishes and strengthens every honorable and
useful industry of the Nation. When the farmers prosper, all
goes well; when they suffer and languish, every interest de-
clines, and everj' business droojis and weakens, "God speed the
jjIow," and Heaven bless and cheer and j)rosper the fiu-mer.

Well may the poet sing:

■• Fur back in tbc ngc.-).

Tlie plow with wn-iillis wiis (Towncil ;
The liamls of klnf;s anil sajc'"*

(Itsdaincd the toil.
Hv which tiie world was nourished ;
And blood and pillager were the soil
In which the laurels tlouriahed.

" Now the world her fault rei>aii's—

The guilt that stains her glory,
And weeps her crimes amid the scenes

That formed her earliest glory.
The proud throne shall crumble ;

The diadem shall wane ;
Thi; tribes of earth shall humble—

The pride of those who reign.

" And V

The
Theg _, ...„.

Shall fade, decay and perish.
Honor waits o'er all the earth,

Throvigh coming generations.
The. art that ciils the lianeat forth

To feed the expectant nations."

COUNTY.

A liu-ge number of the societies have been suffered to die out.
Some, however, still flourish. Those which now exist (ISSl)
are: Sugar Croolj, organized July 31, 1873; New Dayton, organ-
ized 1873; Pleasant Grove, organized 1873; Pleasant Moimd,
South Salem; Jackson, Jackson Township; Parker, Monroe
Township; Green Township.

Many persons entered the lodges with extravagant expectations
of immediate and striking results. Many had only a dim and
shadowy idea of the real nature and design of the institution.
Many expected to control the markets of the country and perhaps
of the world, and when time and experience taught them a more
sober view of things, they blamed the Order of Patrons and for-
sriijk the lodges. Those who entered the order with moderate
views and a reasonably clear conception of its true natui-e, have
remained steadfast and found therein increasing profit and de-
light.

Some of the objects may be stated thus: Association of farm-
ers for mutual advantage, home life training, beautifying farm
life, cherishing every possible sweet, purifying, refining, enuo
bling influence in the minds of the people at hu'ge, especially in
the country homes.

Two special points of advantage may be mentioned as among
the results of the Grange movement.

1. The adoption of the no-credit system. This alone has
l)een, so far as put in practice, of immense value. In fact, the
debt habit, aspecially as indulged in the |)urchase of luxin-ius
and tinory, has been evil and only evil, and that continually.
Credit will, of course, continue to exist; yet it is dlled with dan
ger, and comparatively few know how to handle it largely with
safety and success; and he who learns to pay as he goes, has
acquired a method of life the value of which can hardly be over-
estimated. If the Grange should succeed in fastening this habit
of economy upon the country, the result v/ould be worth more
than all it would cost

2. The other resitlt whi(!h wo mention is the <lirection of
tlio farming mind to the laws of business, the cost of production,
and the menus of direct communication between producer and
consumer, and the consequent decrease of cost of transfer of
commodities, especially of machinery and farming and domestic
im]ilemonts.

At a meeting held at the coiu't house in Winch^ter April
17, l!Sr)'2, after an adtkess by D. P. HoUoway. of Richmond,
Ind., an agricultural society was fonned, and officers appointed
as follows: President, Ashael Stone; Vice President, David Las-
loy; Treasurer, Uriah Ball; Secretary, John Laslev; Directors,
George W. Daly, Washington; James Clayttm, White River,
Elza Lank, West River; James C. Bowen, Greensfork; Daniel
Hill, Wayne; James Simmons, Jackson; Joab Wai'd, Franklin;
Philip Barger, Green; J. B. Somerville. T. W. Reece, R. N.
Butler.

The iirst fair was hold October 14 and 15, 1852. The ground
was one acre, a beautiful grove northwest of town, near Judge

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

207

Colgrove's foi-mer residence. It was fence<l as follows: The
boards wore placod longtliwise, edge to edge, the fence being
seven feet high, and it was hold up by two upright posts at each
end, and at the middle also, with the boai-ds between the posts,
and the posts fastened together by hickory withes near the top.
The cost of preparing the ground was '$W. The display was
good, with a ftuo show of horses, cattle, jacks, jennets, swino,
etc. The sm-plus receipts wore |150. The number of members
was 200.

18r)3— Fair was held September 2\) and 3() and October 1,
1X53. The weather was bad, bat the show was good. Hon.
Sjuiiuol W. Parker delivered an addj-eas. Nathan Htushaw pre-
sented proof of having raised foxu- acres of corn, producing at
the rate of l-4()?- bushels per acre, and Thomas W. Keeco four
aires at the rate of 115 bushels per acre. Receipts, §615.02;
outlays — premiums, $184.25; expenses, $203; total outlay $387.-
25; surplus, $227.77.

. This fair was held near Mi'. Pomroy's, northeast of town.
'The ofiScers of the society were: President, \V. A. Poelle; Secre-
tary, John B. Goodrich; Trea.sin'er, George 'W. Monks; Delegate
to State Boai-d, Asahel Stone.

1854— Officers: President, Thomas VV. Reoce; Secretary,
John W. (.iottom; Treasurer, George W. Monks. Fair, October
12, 13, 14, 1854.

The Association rented ground (seven acres) south of town
for ten years, and inclosed it with an oak fence eight feet high.
The weather was bad, the wheat and corn crops had been light
and poor; but the display of animals was better than before, and
the exhibit of fruit was fine. Daniel Hill showed a harrow and
roller combined, which was considered a great improvement,
and Carter Bros, exhibited buggies and carriages of very tine
eousU-uction. One of thorn, a rockaway, was sold to Asahel
Stone, Esq., and he has had it in use to this day, and it is still in
good repair.

The Carter Bros, iirut made buggies in Randolph County.
They rn-o still in active business in Winchester.

1855 — President, N. Kemj); Vice President, Asahel Stone;
Secretary, J. W. Cottom; Treasurer, G. 'W. Monks. Fair, Sep-
tember 27, 28 and 20, 1855; large crowd; good di.splay.

1S5(1— Attendance small; display only moderate. There
were some good horses, cattle and swine. President, T. W.
Reece; Treasui'er, N. Kemp; Secretary, J. AV. Cottom.

Record of weather during the winter and spring of 185('):
January 'J, thermometer 27 degi-eea below zero at sunrise: Feb-
ruary 5, 23 below at sunrise; March 12, snow eleven inches
deep, average; March 22, snow off, except drifts; April 7, some
snow drifts still; somosoAfing oats and flax; April 28, 185('), first
cherry bloom; April 2U, 185(), tirst apple bloom; May 111, beech
and sugar, full leaf; May 31, killing frost— corn, potatoes, etc..
badly frozen : June 30, corn mostly only six inches high; August
Ki, vegetation drying up, leaves on trees dead in many cases;
Sejitember 30, snowed smartly, season dry, crojis poor; October,
smolcy throughout.

1857 --Receipts, $712.73; expenditures, $578.11; surplus,
$134.02; society prospering; land leased; buildings erected and
l)aid for. The grain crop was good. A field of corn of five ucrtw
yielded 1341 bushels to the acre. Fruit was fine, and the cattle,
etc., good.

AGRICULTURAL yAIB- WINCHESTER, 1858.

The fair was held October 13, 14 and 15, 1858. The weather
was rainy, but the crowd was largo. As one result, the associa-
tion got out of debt, with a surplus of several hundred dollars
on hand. Among other fine exhibitions were a beautiful Durham
cow, by David Heaston; a splendid bull, by H. K. Wright; a
superior cow, by William D. Frazee, giving five gallons in the
morning and four gallons at night, without extra feed, and
upon poor pasture; one yowling by the same, which had never
eaten an ear of corn, and was estimated to weigh 1,000 to 1,] 00
pounds. Exhibitors of sheep were Brotherton & Reed, Picket,
Puckett and Hartman. Swine were shown by Thomas Robison,
J. L. Shaw and H. D. Huffman. Fruits, dairy, honey, etc., by
William Doty. Carriages and buggies by Carter & Craig. Pre-
miums j)aidthat year, amount, $500. President. JamosClaytcm;

Treasurer, Nathaniel Kemp; Secretary, N. P, Heaston; Assis-
tant Secretary, W, D, Frazee; one Director from each township.
The records have been destroyed mostly up to IMfiS.

18()3 — J. A. Moorman and Nathaniel Kemp were Delegates
to the meeting of the State Board of Agricultiu'o.

1808 -Thomas W. Kizer was Delegate to the saiue.

A new association was formed Februaiy 20, 1807.

Article I. Object, to encourage agi'iculture.

AuT. II. Name, Randolph County Agricultural, Horticult-
ural and Mechanical Association.

Art. III. Stock. $5,000; shares, $25.

Art. V. Officers: President, Vice President, Secretaiy,
Treasm-er, Executive Committee of seven aiookholdors.

Art. VI. Officers elected for one year.

Art. VII. Stock may bo increased to $10,000.

There seems to have been another Association formed in 1871,
and by this association a tract of ground was purchased of L.
L. Heaston, consisting of twenty-two acres, occupying a part of
the old fort of the Mound-Builders, and containing the great
mound in the center of the ancient inclosure.

Tne officers were: President, Pharoz Hiatt; Vice President,
William Robinson; Treasurer, William Moore; Secretary, Ed
mund Engle; Executive Committee, Joshua M. Johnson, David
son Cheoseman, Nathaniel P. Heaston, Moses Lasley, James
Barnes, Nathan Fidler, Walter Scott Monks; Superintendent,
Asa Teal.

The fair for 1S71 was held September 24 to 27; 3,(X)0 were
present the second day; tickets sold in all, 5,025; receipts, $2,-
277.87; expenditures, $2,277.87.

1S72-- Crops poor: wheat averaged eight bushels, badly dam-
aged; price, $1 to $1.40; corn, forty to fori y-five bushels per
acre: price, 25 ceuls: swine, good throughout the county, many
weighing 300 to 4(K) pounds at twelve months; there was niucli
fruit; fair held September 24 to 27; second day 3,000 were pres-
ent: entries for 1S71, 771): for 1S72, 888; receipts for 1872,
$l,4SO,35; expendi tares, $1,4S0. 35; debt of Association, $1,0(K I.

1S7;!— Officers; President. Asahel Stone; Vice President,
Joshua M Johnson; Treasurer, William Moore; Secretary, Ed-
mund Engle; Executive Committee. Asa Teal, Pharoz Hiatt, Nel-
son Pegg, Nathan Fidler, Davidson Cheoseman. James Barnes,
Thomas W. Kizer; fair held September 23 to 20, 1873; 5.00(1
l>resout the first day: receii>ts, $2,71ll.S2; expenditures, $2,081).-
1)0; surplus, $21).1)2.

1874- Officers: President, Thomas W. Kizer; Vice Prasi-
dent, George Addington; Treasiu-er, James H. Bowen; Secre-
tary, John L. Stakebake; Executive Conuuittee, Jesse Connor,
A\'i\liam Suydt-r, George AV. Hamilton, Andrew Adams, A\illiam
O. King, Mosps Lasley, Lewis L. Heaston; fair held Sei)teinber
14 to IS, 1874: tickets sold, 5,170.

1875 — Officers: President, Joshua M. Johnson; A'ice Presi-
dent, Richard Bosworth; Secretary, D. E. Hoffman; Treasurer,
John Brooks; Executive (Jommittee, T. Thar]i, Nelson Pogg,
John S. IMcIntyre, Asa Teal, Andrew Adams, AN'illiam O. King,
Marcus D. Starbuck; fair held September 13 to 17, 1875; atten-
dance good; display fair. Crops had been liadly damaged by
rain. Farniers are attending larcrely to draining their gi-ounds.

1870 The fair for 1870 was" the best ever held here, uj. fo
that time. Total entries, 800; horses, 124; cattle, 38; hogs. 40;
poultry becoming an important entry; they are largely dealt in
throughout the county; twenty tons were shipped by one firm
in twenty days; the crops were fair to good.

1877— Fair held September 18 to 21; horse entries, 'J3 18
tor speed; sheep and hogs, a tine disfday: poultry, a largo show
and a grand success; receipts. $2,032.20'; grains good; ])otatoes
splendid; fruits good, though quantity small, owing to over
growth the previous yeai'.

1878— Officers: President, John Brooks; Vice President,
Nelson Pegg; Secretary, George S. Fi.sher; Treasurer, Thomas
W. Kizer; Executive C(jmmittee. Isom Sedgwick, George Ham-
ilton, AVilliam Snyder, Aaron Hairis, L. L. Heaston, George
Addington; fair hold September 17 to 20; weather good; entries,
1,500 more than ever before; attendance, third day, 5 000 peo-
|ilo. Frtiit was nearly a failure, because of a killing fi-ost May

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

l;'. Tbn wheat cri>p w;ih the host ovor rnisod. Com crop was
good, but hogs sold lai-gely for .$2.25.

1S71I — Fair held SeptembM' IG to I'.t; show of fniitn cxcellont
tho best over made at this fair; 1,800 entries; 4.700 tickets
isold, a reasonable success, thongh display and attendance not so
gi-eat as at some previous fairs; balance of receipts, $400; en-
tries of fruit alone, ;U:l

1«S1— Officers: President, Thomas "W. Kizer; Vice Presi-
dent, William Kuble; Treasurer. William Moore; Secretary. A.
K. Hyatt; Executive Committee, I. J. rar(]uhar. John Frazier,
I. B. J3ranson. J. K. Mai-tiu, Nelson Pegg, E. B. Mclntyre.
1'liomas Tharji.

187:i — Entries: horses, general purposes; exhibitors, fifty-six;
animals, sixty-eight; premiums, twenty-eight; amount. §115.

Horsas. light draft; exhibitors, twenty-five; animals, twenty-
nine; premiums, ten; amount. $51.

Horses, heavy draft; exhibitors, eleven; animals, twelve;
]iremiums, eight; amount, $44.

Jacks, mules, etc.; exhibitors, four; animals, thirteen; pre
niiums, six; amount, |29.

Cattle -exhibitors, eight; animals, thirty-tivo; premiums,
eighteen, amount, $93.

Swine- -c.xhibitor.s, fourteen, animals, sixty-three; premiums,
twenty-one; amount, $87.

Sheep -exhibitors, six; animals, fifty-two; preminm.i, sixteen;
amount, $82.

Poultry -exhibitoi's, six; animals, eighteen; premiums, four;

Grain and vegetables — exhibitors, thirty-one; entries, eighty:
premiums, twenty-six; amount. $22.

Other entries. 320: total premiums, $(U4: total entrias. (mO.

1874 —Hor.ses entered. 105; premiums. $933: cattle. 23; pre-
miums. $<SU; jacks, mules, etc., 21; ])remiums, §37; swine, 30;
premiums, $54; shoe]). 03; premiums. §71; poultry, 50; jn'cmi-
ums. $15; gi-aiu. etc.. S7: j.remiums, $17; fruits. 48; premiums,
s27.">(l; otlier entries, 143; premiums, $193; total enti'ies, (530;
total (iremiums, $1,190.

1875 -Horses. lOO; premiums, $927; Ciattle, 9; premiums,
§42; mules, etc., 25; premiums. $05 : awine, 78; premiiuns, §75;
sheep. 22; pi-emiums, $58; grain, etc, 55; fruits, 11; sundries.
20(1; premiums, $258; total entries, 50(); total premiums. $1,-

1870— Horses entered, 113: premiums, $447; cattle, 27; pre-
miums, $IOi); mules, etc., 25; premiums, §59; swine, 38; pre-
miums, §100; sheep, 54; premiums, .$71; poultry, 85; premiums,
§:!5: sumh'ies. 591; premiums, $407; total enti'ies, 933; total
premimns, $1,219.

KANDOLI'Jt lAIK- WINCHESTER, 1881.

The fair for 1881 was held at tho usual time and place, and
would probably have been a substantial success but for the week
of rain, which throw a wet blanket over its affairs and of course
gi'eatly checked iitt<>ndance u[)on its e.xhibifioD, and. moreover,
seriouslv i!iterfere<l with the amount of its receipts.

The" officers for 1881 82 are: John K. Frazier, President:
Williiim O. King. Vice President: A. K. Hiatt, Treasurer; R
E HofVmar. Secretary; Messrs. Carter, MuiTav. Heastou, Kizer.
Sheeley. rar(pihar and Branson, Directors.

It 'is a fact worthy of remiu-k that Clai-kson T. Pickett has
(fall of ISSl). two watermelon vines having a growth of 330
feet of vine, and the melons weighed 700 pounds 12 ounces.
Some of the melons from that kind of seed have weighed eighty-
two jiound-i each.

UNION AOniClILTURAI. AND MECHANICAI, A.SSOC1ATION, UNION <•1T^, IND.

This Association w;ls created about Janu;u-y 10, 1870. The
record of the first meeting does not appear, but the officers
elect(^d for tho second year (chosen in November, 1870), were:
.1. N. Conv.'ise. President; J. M. Jan.^s. Vice President; E.
Starbuck, Trea.surer; W. C. Johnson, Secretaiy. The first Pres-
ident is not known; tho others were as follows: Vice President.
J. M. Janes; Secretary, C. J. Van Andy; Treasurer, Edward
Starbuck.

The Directors, chosen November, 1870, were: L. Arnold, J.
S. Johnson, J. McFeely, John Griffis, J. D. Smith, H. Debolt,
James AVoodburj'.

L. D. Lambert has been Secretary for ten years; E. Starbuck
was Treasurer until his death and Henry Stockdale succeeded
him aijd holds the position still.

The society was accommodated with suitable and commodious
grounds for their annual fairs by a generous act of Dr. Joel N.
Converse, securing to their use a tract of land containing forty
acres by a free lease for the term of twenty years from April 1,
1870.

1^ original capital stock was $2,<M)0, in $10 shares. The
stock was some years afterward enlarged to the limit of $10,(XH).
All tho old stfxik and 213 shares of the new stock has been
taken.

The teiTitoiy embraced by the association is Randolph and
Jay Counties, 1 nd. . and Darke County, Ohio, and the Constitu-
tion provides that the Directors .shall be chosen from the two
States in pro{)ortiou to the stock held in each, with not less than
three, however, in either State at any election.

Betting, gambling, traffic in intoxicating drink, and all im-
moral shows are expressly prohibited. The fairs held at Union
City grounds have Ixsen mostly free to all the world.

The first fair was held in the fall of 1870, and was a reason-
able success; and a fair has been held each year since that time.
The interest has varied from season to season, yet tho stock-
hoklers and managers have felt satisfied that th'^ enterprise that
they have in han.i is a good and praiseworthy one, and that a
healthful effect has been produced upon the community through
their means.

The Presidents have been Messrs. Convei-se, Janes, Bran-
ham. Smith. Reeder and Parent, and possibly others. The Vice
Presidents have been Massrs. Janes, Elston, Smith, Reeder,
IMorris and J aqua, and perhaps others. The Managers have
been Messrs. Johnson, Arnold. Wofjdbury, Griffis. J. D. Smith,
IMcFeoly, Debolt. Turner, Parent, Trine, Buckingham, Wiggs,
Stockdale. Mills, Trine, Grants, Morton. Hiunilton, Shockney,
Kunkle, Hall, and perhajjs others.

The ieceii)ts for tickets and disbursements in various years
f<u' premiums have been as follows:

Tickets 1870, $2,195.40: 1871, $2,525.25; 1877, $2,279.02;
1878. $2,185.50; 1879, $2,520; 1880, $1,835.84.

Premiums -1870, $1,209.50: 1871. $2,145.50; 1877, $1,752.-
75: 1878, §1.021.72; 1879, $1,029.25 1880, $1,381.50.

Tho iissociation was in debt January 14, 1881, $2,247.95.
Besides the use of the fair ground for the annual gatherings of
the association, they furnish an excellent opportunity for large
meetings of various kinds — picnics, camp-meetings temperance
assemblies, political mass- meetings, and what not, find ample ac-
commodations within its shady retreats.

In 1870, an iuunense Republican mass meeting assembled at
the fair grounds to listen to O. P. Morton. Camp-meetings
have been held there for three successive years — 1879, 1880 and
1881. The first was tmder the auspices of the Holiness Band,
the second under tliat of tlie Mefhodist Episcopal Church, and
the last in 1881, was addressed mostly by colored clergymen
from Ohio and Indiana.

The ground occupied by the association is well suited to its
ptu-pose; being reasonably rolling and largely covered with
thrifty shade trees, which every year become more and .still more
delightful, while several abundant wells yield a grateful supply
of healthful wat«r for the use of man and beast.

UNION CITY PAIR, 1881.

The fair association held their annual meeting at their
beautiful gi-ounds one mile west of Union City, Ind., September
22 to 25. 1881.

Notwithstanding the regular county faii-s held every year at
Greenville, Winchestfr, Portland, et«.. Union City still bravely
holds her own. Some departments were well represented, while
others made not so grand a show. A very fine display of live
stock was on hand; much of it. however, was from abroad. The
vegetable department made only a middling show, on account

HISTORY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

of tbe dry season. Machinery was present in full force. Mil-
linery, organs arid furniture gave a creditable appearance, while
the line arts hai'dly put in an appearance at all. As to entries,
there was of swine an unusual display; about eighty head of all
kinds were on hand. Some of them were very large, and all
were excellent. "With such hogs, the value of corn for ordinary
feeding is more tJian doubled; and in beauty and general
merit there is no comparison between the old hound chasers, that
could outrun a dog in olden times, and these sjilendid new

Of cattle the exhibition was superior. One firm from Dela-
ware County. Ind., brought to the fair twelve head, older and
younger, all Short Horns, full blooded — two cows, two bulls, two
and three yoai-s old, live heifers, one and two years old, and
three calves. The three-year-old male was very liu'ge. while the
two-year-old would weigh 1,800 pounds. His owner bought
him for $50 when a calf ten days old. and has been offered Sj(H)
for him now, but he would not take $1,000. The calves six
months old he asks §7-") for, and has sold one of them at those
figures. The name of the finn owning this herd of cattle is
Sharp & Skinner.

An Alderney bull and heifer belonging to J. H. Stine, Esfj. .
of Washington City, were there, the stock of which was im-
iwrted from Eiu-ope by W. "\V. Corcoran, banker at the National
Capital. The number in all was twenty-eight or thirty head.

Nearly seventy sheep. Merinos, Cotswolds iind Southdowns were
in the pens, and a line sight they were to see. There were many
horses also, though how many we did not learn.

The crowd of people on Thmsday was very large, said to be
probably 8,000. The weather was all that could be desired un-
til Friday morning, when a heavy storm of wind and rain swept
over the country and gave the thirsty earth a delicious and plenti-
ful supplv of the life-giving fluid.

A very large Short-Horn bull, six years old, weight 2,200
])oundB, was on exhibition by J. W. Starbuck, of Buena Vista,
as -also a cow and a grade heifer. Some owner had brought to
the fair a splendid Devonshire male live years old, as also a year-
ling heifer which gave a (juart of milk though never with calf.
Thomas Mellen of White Eiver, one cow with a male calf seven
months old, said to be the finest there, except for color, which
was spotted. Many of the cattle were beyond all [rt'aise for the
glossy richu&ss of their color and their excellence and s[ilendor

The change in this respect is well nigh inconceivable. At
first a hoe, a mattock, a plow, an ax, a scythe, a sicikle, a rake, a
fork, a sled, a shovel plow, a barshare ])low, a flail, a fanning
sheet. Now, an amount and variety of tools, of implements, of
machinery, perfectly amazing and bowildt^ring. Knowledge and
time alike fail to describe this branch of farming affairs. An
account of the needful appai'atus for convenient and successful
farming work at the present day would of itself fill a volume.

An Oliver chilled steel plow, a horse drill, a riding corn
jilow, a combined reaper and mower, a self-binder, a patent hay
fork, a threshing separator run by a steam engine —those are
only the beginning of things in this new era of inventions for
the purpose of saving labor and multiplying power. And what
is remarkable, and to some inexjilicable, the more the machinery
for superseding hiiman labor, the higher the wages of hiunan
labor on the whole becomes. To find labor now when the self-
binder takes tliC harvest on the stem and leaves it nicely, snugly
bound in the sheaf with no human labor save a driver to the
machine, is as difficult as it was when the whole vast work from
first to last was done b.v human hands.

The business of making and handling agriotiltiiral imple-
ments has grown to bo an industry very extensive find very use-
ful. Immense factories have sprung u]i throughout the country,
and dealers put forth their signs of business in every city and
village, and the agents who handle these things meet you on
every hand, and tease one nearly to death to piu'chase some one
or more of the ton thousand implements fabricated for the
farmers' use.

CHAPTER XVI.

SECHET SOCIETIES.
Gknkkal I. 0. O. F.-F. & A. M.-K. «v I'.-l. (). (). K.

SECKET societies of various kinds have been established in the
county from time to time, among which have been Masons, Odd
Fellows, Sons of Temperance, Good Templars, Fatrons of Hus-
bandry, Knights of Pythias, Improved Order of Red M;.^n, and
perhaps others concerning which we have no information. And
a j'emark at this jioint is called for, to wit, that the author
has applied, by circular or by letter, or both, to every known
lodge in the county, but that from a considerable number no
reply whatever has lieen received.

Winrhester Ijutije, No. IJl. — In Novemlier, 1852, a petition
to the Grand Lodge of Indiana, I. O. O. F., was signed by Silas
Colgrove, John J. Cheney, Heman L. Searl, David Ferguson,
Calvin D. Searl, Cyrus A. Reed. Thomas L. Scott and Benjamin
Ramsey, asking a charter for a lodge at Winchester of I. O. O. F.
A dispensation was granted November 11, 1852, and a charter
issued by Joseph L. Silcox, G. M., Pid Willis W. Wright, G. S.
The charter was signed then or afterward by Schuyler Colfax,
Solomon Meredith, Robert Dale Owen, Fabius Finch, P. A.
jNIackelman, Theodore P. Hough, etc., etc.

The lodge was organized December 30, 1852, in the second
story over the drug store of H. P. Kizer, by brothers from Mun-
cie, viz. : David S. Haines, John C. Helms, Thomas J. Mat-
thews, Thomas M. Jamason, William Woiiling, Edwai'd J. Rasley.

The following were admitted, who had been members of other
lodges: Thomas L. Scott, J. J. Cheney, Silas Colgrove, Cyrus
A. Reed and Calvin D. Searl.

The Acting Grand Master then appointed the following offi-
cers pro tem. :

John C. Helms, N. G. ; John M Jameson. V. G. ; Thomas
Matthews, Secretary; Job Swain, Treasurer; Eli J. Jameson.
Warden; William Brotherton, Conductor; Jacob Colvert, L. H.
S. and N. G. ; Josiah P. Williams, R. H. S. and N. G. ; Andrew
VVachtel. L. H. S. and V. G.: William L. Matthews. R. H. S.
and V. G.; William J. Ethell, R. S. S.; J. O. B. Tuttle, L. S. S.

The following persons were initiated: Paul W. Jellison,
John Richardson, Job Carr, Martin A. Reeder, Thomas W. Ki-
zer, John Armstrong, Harvey Patty, George W. Holms and Phili[)
Barger.

The lii'st officers were then elected and installed, viz. : Silas
Colgrove, N. G. ; Thomas L. Scott, V. G.; John J. Cheney. Sec
retarv; Harvev Patty, Treasiirer: C. D. Searl, Philip Barger,
T. W. Kizer, Trustees.

The oflicors for the term were appointed as follows:

Martin A. Reeder, AVarden: Jol) Carr, Outer Guard; John
Richardson, Inner Guard; Paul W. Jellison. Conductor; G. \\ .
Helm.s, R. H. S. to N. G.; C. A. Reed, L. H. S. to N. G.: C. D.
Searl, R. S. S. : Hai-vey Patty, L. S. S.

The receipts on the first night were $100.

The \\'inchester Lodge, being the fir^t in the coimty, became
u kind of nucleus for the surrounding region.

Past Grands in order of time:

Silas Colgrove, Thomas L. Scott, John J. Chenej-, M. A. Reeder,
David Ferguson, B. F. Diggs, James P. Way, J. A\". Cottom,
Thomas M. Browne, Absalom Quick, Thomas W. Kizer, N. II.
Ward. A. Stone. William Burris, G. W. Hill. J. F. Deem, E. J.
Putman, J. E. Johnson, F. F. Needham, E. Thomas. R. S. i'ish-
er. John W. Diggs, John K. Martin. D. H. Keyes, A. M. Owens,
\y. D. Frazee, G. M. Bonebrake. W. E. IMurray. J. S. Way,
Moses Sattengcr, I. P. Watts, F. M. Wav, J. ' L. gtakebake, E.
L. Watson. N. Reed, A. J. Stakebake. W. B. Mikesell, Ira' Tripp,
\Villiam D. Kizer, J. S. Hiatt, Stephen Clevenger, L, ^I. Hill.
R. P. Porter.

Twinty-three of the alrove are still members of the lodge in
good standing. Thre'e have died, ten have joined other lodges,
six have been drojiped for non-payment of dues.

Orphan fund, $1,858.'J0; expended for widows and education

210

HISTORY OF RANDOLni COUNTY.

of children, .?7()1.40; in hands of Trnstpos. §1,157.51); loaned
out, §1,131.48; paid for funeral expenses, $5H9. 50; sick benefits,
peMons, 213; amount of money paid, $3,r27.()0; other charities,
$32fi.25; Grand Lodge dues, ?52().72; loaned oxit, both funds,
$.3,5'.»1.20.

Effects of the lodge— General fund on hand, fid 1.72; loaned,
S2,5-V,).72; lodge room and fixtures, $1,500; orphan fund, cash,
§20. 11; loaned, §1,131.48; total, §5,457.03.

Twelve lodges and five encampments new exist in the county,
a greater number of lodges and of members, I'n proportion to
po]iulation, than are found in any other county in the State.

Of the original charter members, twelve are Jiving; two, Job
Can- and Harvey Patty, are dead; four have joined other lodges;
four have been di'opped for non-payment of dues; and four— J.
J. Cheney, Thomas L. Scott, M. A. Eeederand Thomas W. Kizer
— are members still.

Statistics of lodge — Initialed, 231; admittt>d by cm-d, 5S: re-
instated, 35; total, 327; withdravra by card, U5; suspended, Ml;
died, 17; expelled, 3.

The lodge has occupied, since IS.^O. rooms in the third storj'
of a building on the public sfiuare.

It has enjoyed a high degree of harmony and prosperity. Its
work has been prompt, active and thoroiigh. The funds for be-
nevolent pm-posas have been freely. yet judiciously expended, and
those who have been and who still are members have reason to
rejoice in the amount of good accomplished by means of the es- j
tablishment of the lodges of the I. O. O. F. in Randolph County.

Statistics, 1SS0— Paid for funeral benefits, §30; paid for sick |
benefits, §103; receipts, §31(2; expenses, §27.77; dues to Grand :
Lodge, $31.37. I

Fain-kw Loilt/e, No. 131. — Lodge instituted August 17, ]H7>3. j
Members now belonging, 04 ; funeral benefits, 1870, §33; orphan |
fund, §43.17; property (estimated). §2,115; receipts, 187U,§125.-
r)0: expen.ses, §31.- IS; dues to Grand Lodge, S'J.SS. ;

Uiiiiiii ('Hi/ L<iilgn,l. O. O. l<'.,Xii. /."iV, was chai'tered August I
28, 1854, Charter members: \V. H. Twiford. J. N. Converse, '
H. L. Searl, James White, C. D. Searl, Alfred Lenox,

The lodge lost its projwrty by fire soon aftei- its formation
(January 20, 1857), the loss being pai-tially covered by insiu-ance,

Tlio amount of expenditiu-es since the fire has been: For
expenses of various kinds, §5,737.02; for benefits during sick-
ness, and to widows and orphans, $2,431.12; total, §8,108.74.

Resources of the lodge, about §10,000, chieily in real estate.
Number of contributing membei-s, eighty-five or ninety.

The I. O. O. F. professes to be a society for fraternal fellow-
ship and assistance, composed of men of various cn^cds and ideas.
Its business is to alleviate trouble, to cement the bonds of friend-
ship, love and truth, and to give aid. counsel and jn-oteetion in
times of need.

The charitable resources of the order are being more actively
employed each year.

The loss by the iiro referred to abi

The Encampment. L O. O. F., 1
thii-ty-seven members. Its receipts avi
§35.05. Paid for relief, $2. H, I
Klump, Chief Pati'iarch.

The officers of the lodge for 1880 are:

J. J. Norris, N. G.; S. H, Dunn. P. (},; C.
Thomas Austin. Recording Secretary; H. H. Lefever, Permanent
Secrotai-y; George Grabs, Treasurer; R. J. Clnrl;, Warden.

The statistics of 1870 were as follows:

Paid for sic^k benefits, $23; orphan fund on hand loaned out,
$027.30; property worth, §7,051.60, receipts, §31 1.01 ; expense.s,
$200.03.

Parker Lidge, No. ;;o. -Organised November, 1855. Char
tor members: Henry Adams, John Lankford. Harvey Harris,
John Chandler.,

There are about thirty members. The ..Ulcers now are: R.
A. McCamy, P. (i.; M. M, (Jwynn, N. G.; John Morris, V. (}.;
H, Hinchmaii, Secretai-y; John A. Jones. Ti-easm'er.

Their hall was built in 1875, The lodge is in good working

e was about §800.
>. 81, numbered, in 1870, i
o §30. Its expenses were
Lefever, Scribe; I. C.

property worth, §3,400; receipts, 1870, $()7.80; exjtenses not
stated.

Fanitlnnd lAxhir, No. 20,s.— Instituted June 13, 1850. Hall
bivned Ajtril 7, 1807. Loss, $1,700.

Members now belonging, sixty-one. The value of its new
building is §4.000.

Paid for sick benefits. 18*0, §84; paid for funeral benefits,

§ ; orphan fund, loaned out §402.-10; property worth. §3,-

580.57; receipts, §160.00; exirenses, $88.08; dues to Grand
Lodge, §11.14.

Ijosaxtville I^dqn, No. 'JH'J. — This lodge. was formed May IS,
ISfjjl. Charter memters: William Hendricks, James Ralston,
Milo Monro, Joseph Grouse, W. A. Snodgi'a.ss.

The above were the officers at fu-st

There are at present about thirty members. Their hall was
biu'ned do\vn June 24, 1870, causing an entire loss, except §050
insurance. The society is now building a new hall (1881), at a
cost of about §700. They have an orphan fund of about $300.

The present Trustees are Cornelius Metsker, H. P. Franks,
M. D., M. L. Canady, Esq.

Officers now are: Daniel Devore, N. G.; Wilkinson Gray, V.
G.; M. L. Canady, Secretary; H. P. Franks, Treasurer; James
Stewai-d, P. G.

The society is reasonably prosperous. Harmony and broth-
erly feeling prevail, and the brethren feel encouraged to perse-
vere in the wise and virtuous maxims and practices inculcated in
the teachings of the order.

Statistics, 1880 — Paid for sick benefits, nothing; paid for
funeral benefits, §7.50; orphan fund, loaned out, §241. 05;- prop-
erty worth, §041.80; receipts. §30.05; expenses, $02.00; dues to
Grand Lodge, §2.00.

Trrnhiii Tm'Iuo, No. i'^.S. —Instituted January 6, 1800. Num-
ber of members now belonging, twcntj'-nine.

One hundred and twelve have had membership in this lodge,
and five have died.

The lodge has paid §100 for funeral benefits and the educa
tion of orphans.

Orphan fund, loaned out, §100.20: resourci'sof lodge besides
orphan fund, §2,075.53.

The lodge owns a hall, and is in good order for working in
the mystw-ies of the society.

HiinrlaiiMinr<i Uxlue, No. 'ISJ. was instituted August 27, 1807,
by K. H. Bcri-y, Grand Si^eretary. Odd Fellows from "Win-
chester. Union City and Whitewater were in atcendance upon the
occasion. The charter members wore Adoljihus Barnes, John
Harlan, S. G. Hill, John Chenoweth, Levi Hill, Harvey Piatt,
S. S. Humphroy.s.

The lodge has numbered sixty members. At j.resent, there

A hall was built in 1807, at a cost of §050.

The lodge is in gooil condition, with property worth §2,500.
Its orphan fund is §500.

Some years ago, a grand celebration was held in Anderson's
Grove, east of town. Among other speakers, B. H. Horrell, from
Southern Indiana, addi-esSed the assembly ui)on that interesting

ly. V. G.;

Paid for sick benefits, i

)rphnn fund, loaned out §453.0

Harmony and peace prevail among the members.

The present officers are: Wilson Anderson, N. G.; Ii-a Tay-
lor, V. G. ; J. W. Locke. Secretary; John W. Hill, Recording
Secretary; .John Bai-nes, Treasurer.

Paid for sick benefits, 1870, §20.

Drrrjwkl hxlj/e, No. 2.'Aj'.— Instituted November 11. 1807, by
Thomas W. Kizer, Deputy Grand Master

Charter members: Vriah Pierce, Francis E. Mas.soy, Will
iam O. King, John Barnluirt, Lewis A. Heath, John W Hall,
W. G Smith, Benjamin Bodorff, W. B. Smiley, E. B. Heath,
Thomas N. Pierce.

Initiated: E. Myers, J. Harker, C. N. Taylor, J. W. Bragg,
Olney Whip)>le, T. L. Addington.

Officers: I'riah Pierce, N. G.: Lewis A. Heath, V. G.; Will-
iam O. King, Secretary; Olney Whipple, Treasurer; John Barn-
hart. "\\'arden; Euos Myers, Conductor; T. L. Addington, R. S.
to N. G.; J. Harker, L. S. to N. G.; W^ B. Smiley, R. S. to

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

'ill

V. Q. ; James W. Braj^g, L. S. to V. G.; W. G. Smith, R. S. S.;
Thomas N. Pierce, L. S. S.; Benjamin Bodorff, I. G.; Trustees,
E. B. Heath, Thomas L. Aldington, Thomas N. Pierce.

The lodge meets every Saturday night, and is in good work-
ing order. Members, twenty-six.

Officers at present: William O. King, N. G,; F. C. Walker,
V. G.; J. M. Colletfc, Secretary; L. Huwthonie, Treasurer; S.
WaUz, K. S. to N. G.; H. Stick, L. S. to N. G.; J. Parcell, J.
S. G.; E. McGriff, Warden; D. S. Collins. Conductor; Thomas
Kolp, It. 3. to V. G. ; Jacob Auker, L. S. to V. G. ; Joseph Kolp,
R S. S.; K. F. Thompson, L. S. S.: J. Purcell, F. C. Wal-
ker, H. Stick, Trustees.

Paid for sick benefits, 1879, $18; orphan fund, loaned out,
$130; property worth, 1520; receipts, $i)7.00; expenses, ?4;j.71;
dues to Grand Lodge, $7.80.

Lynn Lodge, No. '2Ui. — Organized November 12, 18()7.
Charter members: Abram Brower, J. L. P. Frist, William
Moon, Charles Powell.

There were at one time forty members. The number now is
fifteen.

Their hall was bnilt about 1870, and their property is esti-
mated at $'J00.

The officers are: -Joel Norton. N. G. ; James Barnes, V. G.;
Elkanah Hin.shaw, Treasurer; Hueston Thomas. Secretary; J. L.
P. Frist, P. G.

Receipts, §34.07; expenses, $8.il0; educating orphans, !?5.2u;
burying dead, $15.

Kidc/erilh Lodge, No. 2'.I7. — Ridgeville Lodge was instituted
December 10, 1807, by authority of the Grand Lodge of Indi-
ana, by Thomas W. Kizer, Grand Master.

Charter members: W. E. Starbuck, F. M. Way, J. R. Jones.
George F. Miller, James Vankey, M. T. Sumption.

Elective officers of the lodge: J. R. Jones, N. G.; W. E.
Stai'buck, V. G. ; M. R. Hiatt, Recording Secretary; J. L. Col-
lier, Permanent Secretary; D. S. Kitselman, Treasm-er; M. T.
Smnption, D. AV. Ward, J. L. Collier, Trustees.

Nmnber of first members, t«n.

Present officers: G. D. Williamson, N. G.; D. M. Odel, V.
G. ; J. T. Long, Recording Secretary; J. R. Willmore, Perman-
ent Secretary; J. M. Haywood, Ti-easurer; S. R. Allen, D. S.
Kitselman, M. T. Sumption, Trustees.

Number of members in all, ninety- four. Present member-
ship, forty one.

Statistics, 1880— Paid for burial expenses, $30; paid for sick,
$7; orphan fund, loaned out, $147.30; property worth, $483.35;
receipts, $70.70; expenses. $43.65; dues to Grand Lodge, $4.50;
other charities, $i.

Windsor Lodge, No. '>17. — Instituted January 7, 1870, by
Richard Berger, of Muncie Lodge, No. 74, under a dispensa-
tion from J. B. Kimball, M. W. G. M,

Charter members: John Gable, Matthew D. Ijynch, Robert
Fisher. Nelson T. Chenoweth, Abraham B. Hammer, Elijah J.
. Pemberton. William K. Wallace.

George W. Dickson and William Baily were admitted on card.

The following were initiated: Michael Friedline, John C.
Clevenger. Isaac H. Thornburg, James P. Hawk, Charles C. Clev-
enger.

Total at organization, fourteen. Number admitted since,
forty. Number at present, thirtv-soven.

First officers: Nelson T. Chenoweth. N. G.; Elijah J. Pem-
berton, V. G.; William Bailey, Secretary; Matthew D. Lynch,
Permanent Secretary; John Gable. Treasurer.

Officers, Mai'ch 17, 1881 : Joshua Swingley, N. G. ; Enos L.
Ambm-n, V. G. ; George W. Dixon, Secretary; Nelson T. Cheno-
weth, Treasurer.

Charter granted by the Right Worthy Grand Lodge, I. O.
O. F., of Indiana at its semi-annual communication of 1870.

The lodge built a hall the first summer, which was dedicated
by B. F. Foster, Grand Secretaiy. I. O. O. F., of Indiana, Sep-
tember 8, 1876.

At two yeai's old, the lodge was out of debt, and is so still,
being in a healthy and prosperons condition, both us to work and
to finances.

The last report showed as follows:

Cash, general fund, $351.71; orphan fund, $06.64.

The benefits due its members have always been p!-omptly and
fully paid, and Windsor Lodge, No. 51 7, is reckoned one of those
which are sound and reliable.

Statistics, 1880— Paid for funeral benefits, nothing; paid for
sick benefits. $7; orphan fund, loaned out, $78.21; property
worth, $43S.25: receipts, $137.76; expenses, $27.18; dues to
Grand Lodge, $10.71.

While Rirer Eiicnnipment. No. .~)0, is located at Winchester,
Ind. It was organized May 22. 1850.

The charter members were A. Stoue, David Ferguson, John
W. Cottom, Silas Colgrove, K. H. Neff, James P. Way, T. W.
Kizer.

The first officers were: D. Ferguson, C. P.; J. W. Cottom,
H. P.; H, H. Neff, S. W.: A. Stone, J. W. ; J. P. Way, Scribe;
j T. W. Kizer. Trea-suror.

Tlie present memliership numliers about fifty.

The officers at this time are: J. H. Gill, C. P.; M. A.
Reeder. HP.; C. E. Ferris, S. W.; Mortimer Miller, J. W.; L.
AV. Study, Scribe; J. L. Stakebake, Treasurer.

The encampment has always been and still is in a harmo-
nious and prosperous condition.

Statistics for 1880— Members, ll'J (in all); receipts, $103.50;
expenses, $30.40; paid for relief, nothing; dues to encampment,
$18.30.

Fairricir Eiicanijiment, No. .Vi'.—No information received.

SpdiimisbHiy Enrampme)it, No. 10], was instituted May 0,
1870, by Patriarch Ferguson, of Union City, assisted by Pati-i-
archs from Union City and Winchester.

Charter members' were: L. A. Custer, J. H. Curtis, J. C.
Knox, J. W. Jackson, A. Barnes, J. AV. Locke. Samuel Witter.

The first officers were: L. A. Custer, C. P.; J. H. Curtis,
H, P.: A. Barnes, S. AV.; J. C. Knox, S. AV.; J. AV. Locke, Sec-
retary: S. Witter, Treasurer.

They have on hand $501. The number of membere is sev-

E. Jackson, Chief Patriarch : J. A\'. Jjocke, Scribe.

ML Carmeli Farm laud) Kiic<tiiipmri,t, No. //«.— No inform-

The first lodge of this order in Randolph County was insti-
tuted in AVinchester Novemlier II. 1852. The lodges in all are
fourteen, viz. :

No. 121. AVinchester, J. J. Evans. Scribe; instituted Decem-
ber 30, 1852.

No. 134, Fairview, AV. E. Starbuck, Scribe; instituted Au-
gust 1 7, 1853.

No. 152, Union City, W. AV. Nivison, Scribe; instituted De-
cember 30, 1852.

No. 170, Parker, A. R. McCamv, Scribe; instituted August
28, 1854.

No. 208, Farmland, J. A. Moorman, Scribe; instituted June
13, 1850.

No. 232, Losantvilln, J. P. Rawlings, Scribe; instituted
Mav IS, 1804.

No. 248, Trenton, J. B. l^Iills, Scribe; instituted January 0,
1860.

No 287, Spiui;ansburg, J. AV. Locke, Scribe; instituted Ait-
gust 27. 1867.

No. 203, Deerfield. J. M. Collett, Scribe; intituted about No-
vember, 1807.

No. 204. Lynn, J. S. Blair, Scribe; intituted November 12,
1867.

No. 297, Ridgeville, M. T. Sumption, Scribe; instituted De-
cember 10, 1807.

No. 370, Randolph, J. H. Battorif, Scribe; no account.

No. 445, Bucna A'^ista. John J. Dunn, Scribe; no account.

No. 517, AVindsor, J. J. Clevinger, Scribe; instituted January
7, 1876.

Several of the lodges have given no account for insertion in
this volume.

Specific application has been made to every lodge of secret so-

212

HI8T0RY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

cietios known in the county. Many of tbcni have miule no re-
sponse. The author regrets the fact, but he cannot help it.

The number of encampments, I. O. O. F. , is live, as follows:

■Winchester, No. 50; May 22, ISr.O.

Union City, No. 81. (See I. O. 0. F.)

Fnirview No. V)2. No informidion.

Spartansburg, No. 101; May I'J, 1870.

Farmland, No. 1 10. No information.

Members belonging, 249; receipts, $426. 8-)-: expenses, $\1^k-
93; relief, $511; burials, ?35; dues to encampments, $3',1.r)G.

Winchester, No. .■'■)6'.— Instituted May 2S, 1.S44. Charter
members: Edward Edger, Beattio McClellan, Michael Aker.
Members now belonging, seventy-one, :

This lotlge ha.^ entered, passed and raised some throe hun-
di'ed and lifty Masons, giving to that large number the means by
which they may become lighte in the Masonic world.

Uninu Gifj/ Cluipter, No. '.>4. R. .1. ilf. —Instituted by dis-
pen.sation of the Grand Chapter of Indiana in December, 1875.
It was fully organized, under charter, in the following October,
1870, with Thomas Mitchell, H. R ; John Common.s, K. ; and
N. Cadwallader, S.

Thomas Mitchell was continued High Priest until the pres-
ent year, when William Commons was elected to that position.

Present members, twenty-six; and the officers for 1881 ai-e as
follows:

William Commons, H. P.; B. F. Coddington, K.; Kobert
J. Clark, S.; Thomas Mitchell, C. H. ; lud R Belton, P. S. ; J.
M Shank. P.. A. C; Christian AVetz, Capfc. 3d V.; N. P. Pang-
born, Capt. 2d v.; AV. A. Wiley, Capt. 1st V.; N. Cadwallader.
Treasurer; S. L. Gregory, Secretary; John Schneider, Grand.

Dcerjiald, No. 117. —Instituted May 30, 1 S5 1 . Charter mem -
bers from Winchester Lodge, No. 50.

Members now belonging, twenty-two.

She has entered, passed and raised over a hundred members.

Owusa. hall. Pro.specta ai-e favorable.

Liinn Ixidije, No. 2:^3, was formed May 25, 1S5S. Jophata S.
Sellers, Masti^r; R. W. Hamilton, S. W.; Levi C. Harris, J. W,

The members now number twenty-nine.

Their hall was built in 1858, which is worth, with the lot,
$1,500.

The officers now are: Sylvester Tillson, Master; W. A. W.
Daly, S. W.; John Eeynold's, J. W, ; Hemy D. Nichols, Secro-
tai'y; Columbus Cheuowoth, Treasurer; Henry Stillwell. S. D.;
Alfred Price, J. D. ; Tarlton Nichols, Tiler.

The charter members were Joseph T. Mills, Matthew Comer,
John Harri.s, Israel Lamb, Obadiah Stilwell.

The lodge has entered, passed and raised over sixty mem-
She is in good condition, many seeking to enter and share
the ndv.intages of the oi'dor.

Farmland Lodi/r, iVo. .W^'.— Instituted June 13, isr,i). Char-
ter members probably from Winchester, No. 50.

Members now belonging, fifty seven.

The lodge owns the hall it occupies, and is in good working
condition.

Doric Lodoe, KidijeriUe, No. .•i6'i'.— Instituted May 30, 1807.

Members now belonging, thirty-four.

The charter mombei-s were from Deertield Lodge, No. 1 1 7.

She has entered, passed and raised about forty members.

JlmitJuulle lAidge, No. 3(i7. — Instituted . Charter

members, .

Members now belonging, thirty- four.
' No report from Hnntsville Lodge for this work.

Piltuhnrii Lodge, No. HS7. — Lodge discontinued.

Tarpen Lodge, No. 40t, Union City, //k/.- -Organized under
charter from Grand Lodge of Indiana, May 25, 18()i'. Charter
members from Vaum City, Ohio, No. 270.

First Officers: William M. Anderson. W. M.; John Com-
mons, S. W.; William H, Swain, J. W.

Charter members: William H. Anderson, John Commons.
William H. Swain. Nathan Cadwnllader. A. J. S. Bowers. A\ill'

iam B. Hedgepeth, J, W. Campbell, Raiford Wiggs, A. T.
Knight, John M. Janes.

William H. Andereon was Master of the lodge during the
vears lSOU-1873, inclusive; William Commons, dm-ing the years
1874-70; Edwin M. Tansey, for 1877; and William A. AViley,
for 1878; William Commons, for 1879 and 1880. William H.
Swain is Master for 1881.

Present number of members, forty-nine.

Present officers: Christian Wetz, S. W. ; William H; Swain,
W. M.; Charles S. Hardy, J. W. ; B. F. Coddington, Treasurer;
Webster Lambert, Secretary; William Commons, S. D. ; James
M. Shillenberger, J. D. ; J. G. Harlan. Tiler.

The lodge has entered, passed and raised over sixty members.

They have a lease ontheir hall for twenty years.

The fraternity is barmonious and piHssperdus.

(Hire Branch lAxlge, No. ^2(;. —Instituted July 27, "1870.
Charter members, . Members now belonging, twenty-

The lodge

s the hall it oocnpiea, and is in good condition.

BEOAPITntATION. '

The number of Ma.sonic lodges in Randolph County, i

. . ' far
learned, is nine; thenumberof degrees conferred, about twelve
hundred; the membership at present, aboat thi'ee hundred and

There may be, perhaps, other lodges, but their statements have
not reached us. In fact, many lodges have failed entirely to re-
spond to the request respectfully tendered them to furnish a
resume of their history for insertion in the jn-esent volume, which
fact )nust be the reason for so brief a mention of their affairs.

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.

■ Inrincilde iMlge, No. ^4, Union 07(/.— The Knights of
Pythias wore established a few years ago at Washington, by one
j\tr. Dunlap. It was intended for the benefit and protection of
Government employes at the capital and elsewhere. The or-
ganization has spread, however, and lodges have been formed
through the United States, and even in foreign countries. The
motto of the order is ' ' Friendship, Charity and Benevolence. "

The Invincible Lodge of Knights of Pythias at Union City,
No. 84, was formed June 2, 1879. The charter members were
fifteen: J. B. Ross. Gevrge W. Wiggs, Pierre Gray, Bayard S.
Gray, John O. Ewan, E. A. Bradbury, David Kahn, Joseph Loh-
man, George W. Patchell, L. H. Ball. Adolphus Adams, R.
Kirschbaum, John D. Smith, Ezra Thomas, C. Brandebiuy.

The officei-s at first were: PieiTO Gray, Chancellor Com-
mander; Charles G. Tritt, Vice Chancellor; Bayard S. Gray,
Prelate ; George W. Patchell, Master of Arms; L. H. Ball,
Kee])er of Records and Seals; George W. Wiggs, Master of Ex-
che(iuor; J. D. Smith, Master of Finances.

The present number of members is alx>ut fifty.

The lodge is in a flouri.shing condition. They meet once a
wei'k, on Thursday night, and choose their officers every six
months.

The association is composed mostly of young men, and hjis
mot with general favor, and espesially from the ladies, who have
proffered to the lodge banijueli and toasts. The anniversary is
commemorated by special exercises, and the society has been the
means of affording satisfaction and innocent enjoyment to its
meral)i3rs, and to all who have ' been connected with its opera-
tions, or who have in any way contributed to its comfort.

Through the agency of Lodge No. 84, a lodge was estab-
lished also at Winchester, which is in successful progr&ss.

The officers at the present time are: George W. Wiggs, C.
C; J. D. Smith, V. C, ; M. A. Harlan, P.; H. D. Grabs, K. of
R. and S.; James M. Starbnek, M. of E.; Pierre Gray, M. of F.:
Bayai-d S. Gray, P. 0.

Winchester IjHlgp, No. '.)l. — Through the efforts of Knights
Ed Bradbury. Pierre Gray, George AViggs and others, of In-
vincible Lodge, No. 84, Winchester Lodge, No. 91, Knights of
I'vthius of the Grand Jurisdiction of the State of Indiana, wat
instituted at Winchester, on the night of the 13th of April, 1880,
with the following charter members and officers: \i. W. Study,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

P. C; C. L. Lewis, C. C; J. W. Thompson, V. C. ; G. E. Leg-
gett, P.; B. F. Boltz, K. of R. and S. ; C. E. Ferris, M. of F.;
J. A. Thomas, M. of E.; W. A. O'Harra, M. at A.; George Hi att,
I. G.; Ellis Kizcr, O. G. ; and Knights J. S. Kemp, Gideon F.
Shaw, ,Tohn H. Gill, H. D. Moorman and M. C. Gafifey.

There were present at the institution Knights from Union
City, Eichmond, Cambridge City, Muncie, Portland and Deca-
ttir, numbering, in all, about one hundred and ten. At G o'clock,
before work was begun, a lunch was served in John Richardson's
storeroom, on the southeast corner of the square, i)ropared by
the ladies of the Christian Church. At 7 o'clock, the work of
conferring the ranks of Pago find Esquire began, and, lasted
until mi£iight. The hungry Knights and frightened Esquires
then riapaired to a banquet wliich the same ladies had prepared,
<vnd which bore evidence of their taste and skill.

A braver set of Knighis never left a oastle hall and marched
over creaking drawbridge than those who tiletl out of thit ban-
quet hall, with brightness and beauty behind. Fresh zeal was
given as the quiet Palmer, who sat in the arched doorway, whis-
pered, " Keep to the left, brave men; no railing on the right."

The work of conferring the Knight rank was completed and
the officers installed about 4 o'clock, A. M., whereupon the weary
Knights sought their welcome couches.

Since the institution, the lodge feas had regular weekly meet-
ings, with two exceptions, and has conferred the ranks upon the
following named persons: William Linktrsdorfer, E. P. Smith,
James A. Lesley, C. O. Irvin, Gus L. Guthiel, G. W. Long-
necker, W. S. Harper, W. P. Needhara, J. E. O'Harra. B. F.
Marsh, E. S. Jaqua, W. A. Edger, M\ W. Canada, L. A.
Thomas, C. C. Yunker, Alvin Miller, W. P. Harris and E. H.
Addington, and now has a membership of thirty- fom-.

The I. O. O. F. Lodge very kindly tendered their hall for in-
stitution pxirijoses, and, since that time, the same hall has been
used by the K. P.

The lodge has three times successfully given the beautiful
and touching drama of '• Damon and Pythias," assisted and
conducted by Prof. D. Hanchett.

After its institution, the lodge had au indebtedness, on ac-
count of property and other things, of iJlSO.

It is now free from debt, with a healthy sm-plus in its ex-
chequer.

No deaths have occurred since the organization of the lodge.

Knight L. W. Study, in 1881, and Knight C. L. Lewis, in
188'2, were Representatives to the Grand Lodge.

Mississinewa Tribe, No. H'2, Union City. — The name of the or-
der was originally Independent Order of Red Men, and as such
has existed for many years.

The lodge in Union City was formed January -l-l, 1870.

We can give no accurate statement as to the I. O. O. R., as
to the time of establishment, principles, objects, number of
lodges and what not. An account was promised us for insertion,
but none has been furnished, and no data from' which we could
ourselves prepare such a statement concerning this comparatively
new and somewhat unique society.

The members at the first were the following:

J. S. Bowers, O. A. Baker, Stephen Clevinger, F. H. Lewis-
ton, Henry W. Loisuro, W. B. Harlan, J. A. Green, S. M. Went-
worth, H. C. Vening, D. J. Wise, W. H. Lawrence, J. C. Meier,
W. Turpen, C. W. Voorhees, John Lawrence, Samuel Curtner,
N. W. Cooper, F. H. Rodman, Flmer Hombarger, J. \X . Sngai-t,
J. A. Hoover. J. W. Williams, G. AV. Purdue. C. W. HufFman,
Joseph Schronz, William Reeves, W. A. Orr, G. W. Lawrence,
J. L. Heck, J. Hirsch, A. C. Throp, W. S. Murray. J. W. Myers,
G. W. Burns. J. A. Armstrong, Charles Covey, J. Thomas, B.
F. Julian, J. P. Standt. The officers are given below:

I. H. Green, W. S.; W. A. Orr, S. S. ; J. L. Heck, J. S.; J. H.
Herdman, W. P. ; W. B. Hm-lan, C. of R. ; J. S. Bowei-s, K. of W.

The lodge of Rod Men in Union City has had but n brief ex-
istence, but the progress has been satisfactory, and the members
feel encouraged to persevere in the work upon which they have
entered.

Note. — The G. A. R. has lately been extended to Randolph
County. Two posts have been formed— Union City and Win-
chester— the former esttiblished in November, 1881, and the lat-
ter in April. 1882. .For particulai-s, see military history of Ran-
dolph County. For temperance orders, see article on temper-
ance. For Patrons of Husbandry (Grangers), see Agriculture.

OHAFI^EE XVII.

POLITICAL.

RANDOLPH County would seem to have been largely Dem-
ocratic in early times, or else non-partisan.

Charles Conway. Clerk and Recorder for twenty-one years,
was a Democrat. Jeremiah Smith, long a prominent official;
Beattie McClelland, Daniel B. Miller, George Dobolt, James
Brown, Andrew Aker, etc., were Democrats, and they all were
elected to office.

But, however it may have previously been, 1840 saw a com-
plete change, for the "hero of Tippecanoe" swept the county
and the region like a whirlwind. The country never witnessed
such another campaign as that of 1840. Not even during the
wai', nor since, was the nation so lashed into fury as it was by
the simple song of " Tippecanoe and Tyler too.''

"And with them we'll beat little Van,

Van, Viiu !,•* a used up man,

With them we'll beat little Van."

The rise of the Liberty party came near giving Randolph
County to the Democrats again. The canvass of 1844 found but
nine majority for Clay. And for years the Anti-slavery vote,
which came very hu'gely from the Whig side, kept the county
neai'ly upon a balance. But when the Whig ranks broke, never
to rally again, the Republican party took an immense majority;
and that majoxity has been maintained, for the most part, ever
since. The year 1S80 gave that side more than twenty-two hun-
dred majority.

Two townships have formerly been, and are to this day, very
.strongly Democratic — Jackson and Ward. Nettle Creek and
Franklin have a large Democratic vote, but the other townshij)s
are overwhelmingly the other way. Some of the precincts have
scarcely any Democratic voters.

Gen. Stone gives some reminiscences of the Harrison cam-
paign, in which he was a young but wide-awake actor. He says:

'"The country was wild with enthusiasm. A company of
men went by wagon and via Indianajwlis to the Harrison meet-
ing at Tippecanoe battle-ground. We were gone three or four
weeks, camping out every night On the way, as wo went, one
fellow, a long distance away, showed a petticoat. (Old William
Allen, an Ohio Democrat, and not very long ago Governor of
Ohio, had charged that Gen. Harrison was so cowardly that the
ladies of Cliillicothe had presented him a petticoat, and the
tiling was sei'^ed on as a campaign argument, and a signal that
maddened the Whigs, moreover, as a red rag is said to infuriate a
raging bull.)

' ' This fellow fiaimted a petticoat, and we went for him across
lots. He was caught after a long chase, and he begged pitifully,
making all sorts of pleas and promises, and was let go.

"Hundi-eds of people from Randolph attended the rally at
Greenville, for the old hero was there himself, and the people
gathered almost en masse, from great distances, to see and to
hear him.

•'Another .charge, made against Harrison by way of sneer,
that he lived in a log cabin and drank htird cider, was turned by
the popular enthusiasm into a token of honor ; and ' log cabins '
and ' hard cider' became the watch woi'ds and party signals of the

' ' Headcpiarters were made of log cabins, and hard cider "was

214

IlISTOKY OF RANDOLPH COlTNTY.

set forth in everv conceivable way. Old men would have minia-
ture cider barrels as heads to their canes, and show them proudly
as they came to vote.

" Thousands and thousands of poles were erected, insomuch
that the towns and villages seemed like a hai-bor, tilled with
masts of every height and si'.e. '" I

The assembly at Greenville, before mentioned, is said to have
numbered KHMWO jiersons, and the enthusiasm and labor ex-
pended in gathering such a crowd then would more easily gather a
million now.

They came from Kentucky, from Indiana, from Michigan.
More than three hundred ladies came from Kentuck-y.

Oue deletration from a river county came with a monster canoe
on wheels, drawn by ten white horses and containing twenty -
seven young ladies.

The chief speeches wore made by Tom Corwin, the "Buck-
eye wagon-boy," then in his prime, and the best stump speaker
in America; and Gen. Harrison, who>was a good, thoiigh not a
great speaker.

Mr. Stone says: "Fully one thousand people went from
Randolph. A company of 100 men in uniform marched under
commnnd of Josiah Montgar. The trij) took three days, and wo
were a jolly crowd. There came near being a tragedy, however,
at Jehu Robinson's (on the Kemp i)lace). He was a hot Demo-
crat, and put up the petticoat. The boys ' wen t for ' the rag. The
Robinson company imdertook to keep it up, and for a brief space,
matters looked serious. 1 hey got it down, however, and it stayed
down while the procession ])assed.

' ' To the Richmond meeting we took a log cabin on wheels,
drawn by thirteen yoke of oxen, the trip occupying five days.

'• The load wont afoot till near the town, and then they mounted
the wagon and rode into town in all their glory.

"Many were on horseback and rode as cavah-y, with whom u
laughable incident occurred.

"As we passed a tine mansion, some ladies wore gathered,
and they marched down to greet us in a large group, singing as
they came, and carrying 'Tippecanoe' flags. As they got near
us, we were ordered to salute our visitors, which was done by a
drawing of sabers. The movement made such a racket tliat the
ladies, not knowing what it meant, were scared nearly to death,
running, screaming, hiding behind trees, etc. The men were
greatly chagi-ined to think they had frightened away their gentle
visitors, and rode off completely cowed."

One very important factor in the accomplishment of the
sweeping political revulsion of that year was a speech in Con-
gress by Mr. Bond, a member from Ohio, purporting to shoiv in
detail ithe immense e.\travagance of the party then in power.
Those speeches were scattered by the million, "thick as leaves in
Vallambrosa," and they were read, and the peo]>le were wild with
indignation, and the old and whilom honored Democratic p.-u-ty
was crushed as with a resistless whirlwind under the tempest of
popular indignation that tore through the land.

In later year.s, immense political gatherings have been had in
Randolph. Among them have been the rally at T'nion City to
hear Gov. Morton in ]Si70; the rally at Winchester, in the same
campaign, to listen to Robert G. Ingersoll, a most famous ora-
tor; the monster rally at Winchester to welcome Hon. A. G. Por-
ter, Republican candidate for Governor in ISSO, etc.

A most interesting occasion was the meeting to listen to the
speech of Gen. Ben Harrison at Union City in LS80, on the eve
of the election. Though not intended for a rally, and though
hold at night, yet the i)eople gathered in a crowd of three to four-
thousand, coming for miles and miles, and showing immense en-
thusiasm.

Of com'se, the D<jmocratic party made rallies also, and did
well, but they cotild not rival tbe Republicans in such a county
as old Randolph. They showed their pluck, however, bravely
holding their ground in the face of overwhelming odds and do-
ing their best in the Htat« campaign which came su near being
a success that half a dozen votes in ouch township would have
turned the scale and given them the Presidency.

OKEENB.VCKISM.

The Greenback party has made some, thoirgh small, headway
in the county, amoimtiug to a few hundred out of seven or eight
thousand voters of all sorts.

"PRIMAKY ELECTIONS,"

It is a peculiar feature of Randolph political methods that
the nomination of candidates for offices among the Republicans
has been, for twenty yesu-s or more, effected by direct popular pri-
maiy elections.

Many voters we greatly dissatisfied with the method, think-
ing that it aggravates the evils it was intended to cm-e; and
strong efforts were made, at the primary elections in the spring
of 18S0, to change the method; but without success, since a ma
jority of several hundred was cast in favor of the continuanct> of
the syst'-m.

A somewhat remarkable episode in ixjlitics occun-ed in 1S7S,
in this county. Two of the successful candidates of the nomi-
nating election of that year were singled out and charged, tUough
probably without good reason, with having used unfair means to
secure their nomination. A concerted movement was set on foot
for their defeat, and the disaffected joined with the Democrats
in a convention which named oue Democrat and one Republican
for the two offices referred to above. The movement was so
strong that the ordinary Republican majority of seventeen to
eighteen hundred was cut down to some three hundred or there-
about, as to these two candidates.

TENUKE OF OFFICE.

A remarkable change has come to pass from the customs
of • ' auld Inng syne " as to the tenure of offices.

Charles Conway was Clerk twenty-one years. W. C. Will-
more was Recorder fourteen years. George \V. Monks was Clerk
for fourteen years. Many have held their positions for six and
eight years.

But tne business has grown so immensely, vastly increasing
the fees and snlai-ies of the vai-ious offices, that a single term,
even of two >oai-s, is thought to be enough to make a man rich.
And so the fashion now is to give each fellow "one pull at the
teat," and choke him off to give " the next pig a chance."

The salaries have been, indeed, and still are, far too high,
and many think that the fact is injurious to the public service.
Certainly the ignoring the value of exjierience in official station
is a reversal of all recognized rules of business in private life,
and can scarcely fail to inflict serious and permanent loss u))on
the public interest.

Know-Nothingism took a brief and evanescent hold in Ran-
dolph County. Lodges of " Native Americans" were formed in
several places, soon, however, dying out.

It is worthy of remark that a gentleman who, for many years,
has been a prominent and influential Democrat in the State of
Ohio, who was also of genuine Democratic stock, was an active
member of a KnowNothing lodge in Randolph County during
of 185-1 or thereabout.

ANTI-SLAVERV - FREE-SOILISM- REPUBLICANISM.

The anti-slavery cause took very strong hold n\K>n the puljlic
heart of Randolph. The Free-Soil movement made still greater
headway, and the Republican pai-ty swept away all opposition;
and for almost a generation, Randoljih Couuty has been over-
whelmingly Republican, giving, at the last Presidential election,
abont twenty-two hundred majority for that party. A few men
have stood firm as Democrats, thougli it must be said thai some
of the chief partisans of that side in Randolph at the present
time, are gentlemen who were, years ago, anti-Deniocratic.

Col. and ox-Gov. I. P. Gray was for years a Republican,
reaching the State Senate as the candidate of that party.

Gideon Shaw and Benjamin R. Shaw, Esqs., now prominent
Democrats, were Wliigs before the war.

Some have, however, retained their own original standing, or

fX AUDITOR I J

^■< AUDITOR &R£PRES£NMTIvE{y

'*'' 't/'l^

l^c-iJ^^' (y^ c^'x^ iyuXle^i-^

(J.'J\2-

J. M. HODSON.
John Milton Hodson was born August 24, 1839, in Clinton County
Ohio. His father, Matthew Hodson, was a fanner in that county, and
remained there until 1852. In that year, he removed to Hancock County,
Ind., and in 1867 to Eush County, Ind., where he died in 1873, at the
age of seventy-nine years. He was a member of the Society of Friends,
and in the ante-bellum, days was a pronounced Abolitionist. He acted in
concert with the managers of the famous " Underground Railroad," and
often sheltered fugitive slaves, and assisted them on their way to liberty
He was a man who always occupied a high place in the estimation of
those who knew him, and was always recognized as a good citizen and
an honorable man His son, J. M., was reared on the farm, and gained
a good English education in the common schools. Subsequently, he at-
tended an excellent school at Westland, Hancock Co., Ind., conducted by
the Friends, and later was a student in the Normal School at Lebanon,
Ohio, completing the scientific course. By his previous . preparation, he
was well qualified for the profession of school teaching, which he adopted
in 1856. He taught two years in Hancock County, Ind., and was simi-
larly engaged for a year in the adjoining county of Hamilton, and for a
period of sixteen years, was engaged in teaching in the counties of Han-
cock, Hamilton, Rush, Henry, Hendricks and Randolph, respectively.
From 1867 to 1869. he held the office of School Examiner of Rush Coun-
ty, Ind.; he was Superintendent of the Schools of Knightstown, Ind., for
one year, having under his supervision seven teachers and 500 pupils
He served two years in the same capacity at Plainfield, Ind., where there
were six teachers and 450 pupils. As a teacher, he always ranked highly,
and gained the good will of the scholars, while under his supervision the
schools were marked by progress and improvement.

In 1872, Mr. Hodson came to Winchester, and in July of that year
purchased a half interest in the Winchester Journal, of which he was
joint proprietor for nine years, or until July, 1881, when he sold his in-
terest to his partner, Mr. Beeson.

Mr. Hodson is yet comparatively a young man, but his life has been
a busy one, and the energy and enthusiasm with which he has entered
into his labors have been fairly successful and repaid from a financial
standpoint. He is not a member of any religious denomination, is a
Unitarian in belief, yet most liberal toward all candid opinions of

He is an active member of the Masonic order. He was made a
Mason in 1865, and took the Master Mason's degree later in the same
year ; and in 1869 took the Chapter, Council degrees, and, in 1870,
Knights Templar degrees. In politics, he is an enthusiastic Republican,
having been identified with that party ever since he was old enough to
vote. He is an uncompromising temperance man, and has rendered
effective service to the cause by precept and example. He is in all
respects a good citizen and a valued member of society.

On the'17th of October, 1861, Mr. Hodson was united in marriage
with Miss Martha A. Rawles, of Stark County, Ohio. After twenty
years of devotion and affection, she was called from earth, in the winter
of 1881, while sojourning in Florida with the hope of recruiting her
health. She was an excellent Christian lady, an ornament in society, and
the favorite of all who knew her and felt her gentle influence. Three of
their children preceded the mother to the home beyond the grave, while
one, a bright little ^1, gives fine promise for the fbture.

.^

^/ I ex- CLERK.

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E. H. BUTLER,
Eli H. Butler was born August 12, 1841, in Hancock County, Ind.
His j)arent8 were natives of Virginia ; but emigrated to Indiana at an
early day, and were prominent among the early settlers of Hancock
County. They had a family of ten children, of whom five sons and three
daughters now survive. Of the sons, two are practicing physicians, one
an engineer, one a sewing machine agent, another a farmer, and the fifth
a successful school teacher and superintendent. The latter is the subject
of this sketch. His early life was passed like that of the avenige farmer
boy of early days, excepting that the schools which he attended in the
winter were of a higher order than was customary at that period — alge-
bra, geometry and the higher mathematics being among the studies pur-
sued. In early life, he decided to adopt the teacher's profession, and that
his choice was well taken, the after years proved. At the first, school
teaching was the medium through which he acquired the means for con-
tinuing and completing his studies. He was seventeen years old, wlien
he taught his first school, and for three or four years following, he taught
in the winter, attending Spieeland Academy during the summer. After
leaving the academy, he was engaged as a teacher in the graded school
at Milton, Wayne Co., Ind., in which capacity he acted from 1867 to 1869
He then became Superintendent of the public schools at Lawrenceburg
Ind., the school having twelve grades. He discharged the duties of this
position satisfactorily to all, for a period of five years, and at the end of
that time removed to Attica, Ind., where he accepted a similar position
in a school of nine grades, and in addition, acted as Deputy County
Superintendent for one year. la 1877, he took charge of the public

schools of Winchester, and so ably has he discharged his duties as Super-
intendent, that his continuance in this capacity is by the universal wish
of the public, and all who enjoy the benefits of the measures and improve-
ments he has instituted in the schools of this town. He seems to be
peculiarly qualified for the profession he has adopted, and his work has
been crowned with success, which will continue to blossom and bear fruit
as long as his pupils survive. He is zealous and energetic as a teacher,
and by his raitd, yet firm manner, has won the regard and confidence of
all, both teachers and scholars. As a neighbor and citizen, he is highly
esteemed by all who know him, for his sociability and amiable bearing
toward all. He is an active and earnest Republican, and has done
eflfective service for the party, in his quiet, unostentatious way. He is
also actively identified with the Masonic fraternity, and has teken all the
degrees, up to that of Knight Templar.

In his domestic relations. Prof Butler has been called upon to suffer
the deepest grief, having twice felt the icy hand of death severing the
ties that bind the hearts of husband and wife. He was first married, on
the 19th of August, 1861 , to Miss Matilda M., daughter of James Sample,
a pioneer citizen of Hancock County, Ind. On the 3d of November, 1863,
his wife died, leaving one child and many friends to mourn her loss.
September 17, 1869, Mr. Butler was united in marriage with Miss Susanna
A. Davenport, who died March 8, 1876, leaving three children. On the
1st of June, 1879, he wedded Miss Clara B. Richardson, his present com-
panion. By this union, they are the parents of one child. His wife is
an excellent lady, and the favorite of the circle in which she moves, shar-
ing with her husband the regard and affection of numemue friends.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

215

walk in the footsteps of their progenitors. Such are Col. M. 13.
Miller, Willim K. Smith, John Dye Smith and others whose fa-
thers before them were sterling Democrats, ' ' all of the olden
time," and whose children worthily and sturdily sustain the flag
.ind uphold the banner beneath whose gallant folds so many State
and national victories wore, in years gone by, triumphantly
gained in this grand old commonwealth of oui-s. All honor to
men who have the coiurage of their principles, and who cling to
what they believe to be right in the clouds of defeat as cheer-
fully as in the sunshine of victory.

The Sons of Liberty are understood to have found adherents
in this county in the civil war of 18(31, and it is affirmed, with
confidence, that lodges were formed and meetings held in secret
places within our borders, under night and darkness, and the
obligations of a solemn oath to secrecy and obedience. But the
result of the war crushed all such movement and atUimpte, whether
real or only imaginary, under the heel of popular indigna
tion. And it is the truth, doubtless, that, in the heat of those
troublous and terrible times, the men who leagued togetl.er to
undertake to "stop the war " verily thought, within themselves,
like Saul of Tarsus of old, that they were doing God and their
country great service.

It is one of the fearful evils of such convulsive times that
sincere and well-meaning citizens become arrayed in fierce hos-
tility, and not seldom in deadly conflicit.

The wars of the Roses in England found good men in both
armies.

John Wesley and his worthy wife wore on opposite sides as
to who was the proper heir to the English throne, and that differ-
ence at one time threatened serioas results.

The Whigs and the Tories, in our Kevolution of 1770, were
equally good and equally sincere. To the Tories, the Whigs
were rebels, and deserved the fate of rebels. The Loyalists were
simply fighting for their Govenmientand their King.

The Unionists and the " Copperheads " (to use an opprobri-
ous name without its oiiprobrious meaning), aud even the " Se-
cessionists," were doing, in their several ways, what they really
supposed to be right, and demanded by the exigencies of the

• And it is indeed a very sad thing when sincere and upright
aud earnest men are set thus in hostile or even deadly array.

Would to God the time might come when all good and pa-
triotic men should be able to -'see eye to eye " upon the great
fundamental questions of national weal, and to unite in one
solid, world-wide, invincible phalanx of liberty and justice,
whose power should be put forth like the strength of one man,
everywhere and always, to suppress the wi-ong, to maintain the
right, to protect the poor, the needy and the weak; to create and
increase comfort and happiness among men; to discourage vice
and to foster virtue; to spread knowledge throughout the world;
to perfect the reign of love and good will among men; and to
bring to pass that happy, glorious day in which men shall beat
their swords into plow- shares and their spears into pruning-hooks,
and men shall learn war no more; and none shall hurt nor destroy
throughout earth's wide domain!

Another fact worthy of note is that upon the question of the
thirteenth article of the constitution of 1851 (against persons of
color), while the State as a whole voted therefor, and gave for
the article a majority of nearly 100, 000, Randolph County alone,
ia all the State, refused her assent, and cast a majority against
the thirteenth article aforesaid.

Randolph County has furnished a moderate number of oifice-
holders for the State at large and for the nation.

Hon. W. A. Peelle, Secretary of State, 1860-18(i2.

Hon. J. E. Neff, Secretary of State four years; Democrat.

Hon. Isaac P. Gray, Lieutenant Governor and Governor (by
the death of Gov. Williams), 1879-1880.

Hon. Thomas M. Browne, United States Disti-ict Attorney,
and member of Congress (the latter for three terms — six years —
elected by a good, and, the last time, an immense majority).

Hon. Silas Colgrove, twelve years Circuit Judge.

Hon. Jeremiah Smith, Circuit Judge.

Hon. L. J. Monks, Circuit Judge at the present time.

Hon. Stanton J. Peelle, present member of Congress from the
district containing Indianapolis, and nominated for a socond term
in the summer of 1882.

There may have been others not now recollected.

CHAPTER XVm.

PERSONAL.
Okkicial— Attounicy.s— PnY.sici.VNs— Prfas.

IN the following article we furnish an account of various
classes of persons — officers, attorneys, physicians, and also a
brief history of the press in Randolph County, with sketches of
some of the men connected therewith, as also biographies of per-
sons belonging to some of the classes above mentioned.

(For other biographies, look under clergymen, military, town-
ships, towns, business, etc.)

William Hendricks, 1817-1823, First District—one district
in the State.

John Test, 1823-1827.

Oliver H. Smith, 1827-182!*; John Test, 1820-1831; Jona-
than McCarty, 1831-1833— Third District— three districts.

Jonathan McCarty, 1833-1837; James H. Rariden, 1837-
1841; Andrew Kennedy, 1841-1843— Fifth District— seven dis-

Andrew Kennedy, 1843-1847; William Rockhill, 1847-1840;
Andrew J. Harlan, 1840-1851; Samuel Brenton, 1851-1853—
Tenth District — ten disti-icts.

Samuel W. Parker, 1853-1855; D. P. Holloway, 1855 1857—
Fifth District.

David Kilgore, 1857-1801— eleven districts.

George W. Julian, 1861-1871; Jeremiah M. Wilson, 1871-
1873— Fourth District.

Jeremiah M. Wilson, 1873-1875; William S. Holman, 1875-
1877; Thomas M. Browne, 1877-1883— Fifth District— thirteen
districts.

RECAPITULATION.

William Hendricks, six years; John Test, six years; Olivet
H. Smith, two years.

Jonathan McCarty, six yoai-s; James Rariden, four years;
Andrew Kennedy, six years.

William Rockhill, two years; Andrew J. Harlan, two years.
Samuel Brenton, two years.

Samuel W. Parker, two years; D. P. Holloway, two years.

David Kilgore, four years.

George W. Julian, ten years.

Jeremiah M. Willson. foiu- years.

William S. Holman, two years; Thomas M. Browne, six years.

Total, sixteen Congetwrnen in sixty-six years— 1817 to 1883

1810-24— Patrick Baird, Wayne and Randolph.

1825 — James Rariden, Wayne, Randolph, Allen; Centerville.

1820-28 — Amaziah Morgan, Rush, Henry, Randolph, Allen,

1829-Sl— Daniel AVorth. Randolph, Allen, Delaware, Cass
Hunteville.

1832-33— Samuel Hanna, as next above— Fort Wayne, St
Joseph, Elkhart.

1834-35— Andi-ew Aker, Randolph, Delaware, Grant; Win
Chester.

1830-30 — Andrew Kennedy, Delaware, Randolph; Muncie.

1840— Michael Aker, Delaware, Randolph, Winchester.

HISTORY OF EANbdLPJT COtlNtY.

ter.

1841-42— Michael Aker, Randolph, Blackford, Jay; Winches-
r.

1843-45— Isaac F. "Wood, Randolph, Blackford. Jay; Spar-
tansburg.

1846-48— Dixon Milligan, Randolph, Blackford, Jay; Port-
land.

184»-5()— Jacob Brngh, Randolph, Blackford; Jay.

185 J -52 Longshore, Randolph, Jay; Deei-tield.

1853-56 — Theophilus Wilson, Randolph, Jay; New Corydon.

1857-00— Daniel Hill, Randolph; Jericho.

1860-62— Asahel Stone, Randolph; Winchester.

1862-64 — Thomas M. Browne, Randolph ; Winchester.

1864-68— Thomas Ward, Randolph; Winchester.

1808-72— Isaac P. Gray, Randolph; Union City.

1872-70— Andrew J. Noff, Randolph; Winchester.

1870-80— Nathan Cadwallader, Randolph; Union City.

1880-84— E. H. Bundy, Randolph, Henry.

1882'-86— Marcus C. Smith, Randolph, Henry, Delaware;
Muncie.

HOUSE or REPRESENTATIVES.

The following list gives name, residence and counties repre-
sented:

1816— Joseph Holman, Ephraim Overman (Randolph), John
Scott, Wayne and Randolph.

1817— Holman, Scott, Robert Hill, Wayne and Randolph.

1818, 1819, 1820, 1821— Supposed t« have been represented
with Wayne County.

1822-24— John Wright (Randolph), Wayne and Randolph.

1825 -Daniel Worth (Randolph), Randolph and A.llen.

1826— Samuel Hanna (Allen), Randolph, Allen, and all the
territory north of Madison and Hamilton Counties tothe Waba,sh
not attached olsewhera

1827-28— Daniel Worth (Randolph), as next above.

1829 — Lemuel G. Jackson (Delaware), Randolph and Dela-

1830 -David Semans (Randolph), Randolph and Delaware.

1831 — Andrew Aker (Randolph), Randolph alone.

1832-33— Eli Edwards (Randolnh), R.jndolph.

1834— Zachariah Puckett (Randolph), Randolph.

1835— Eli Edwards (Randolph), Randolph.

1836-37— Zachariah Puckett (Randolph), Randolph.

1838-39— Miles Hunt (Randolph), Randolph.

1840— Smith Elkins (Randolph), Randolph.

1841-42— Robert W. Butler (Randolph), Randolph.

1843 — Edward Edger, (Randolph), Randolph.

1844-45— Roylston Ford (Randolph), Randolph.

1846- -James GriflSs (Randolph), Randolph.

1848— H. H. Neff, Asahel Stone (Randolph), Randolph.

1848— Isaac F. Wood.

1849— Elza Lank, Jr., James Brown.

1850— Elza Lank, Jr.

1851-52— John Wilson.

1853-54— Josi ah Bundy.

1855-56— George W. Monks.

1857-60— Silas Colgrova

1861-04— John A. Moorman.

1865-06— Thomas W. Reece.

1867-08— Enos L. Watsou.

1809-70— J. T. Vardeman.

1870-72— Asahel Stone.

1872-74--Nathan T. Butts.

1874-70— Mai'tin A. Reeder.

1870-78— John A. Moorma;j.

1878-80— Enos L. Watson.

1880-82- William E. Miuray.

1882-84 — Theodore Shockney (nominated).

CONHTITUTIONAI, C0N\'ENTI0N, 1851.

Randolph County, Beattie McClelland.

Randolph and Jay (Senatorial), Dixon Milligan, Nathan R.
Hawkins.

CIRCOIT JirtlQES.

John Watts, Miles Eggleston, Charles H. Test, Isaac

telackford, Samuel Bigger, David Kilgore, Jeremiah Smith, Jo-
seph Anthony, Jeremiah Smith, Jehu T. Elliot, Silas Colgrove,
J. J. Cheney, Jacob M Haynes, Silas Colgrove, Leander J.
Monks.

ASSOCIATE JCPGES.

William Edwards, 1818; John Wright, lS]8-4(5; John Sam-
ple; William Peacock, 1834; Littleberry Diggs, Peter S.Miller,
Stephen C. Stepheiis, John T. McKinney," Daniel B. Miller,
John Mock

It is possible that there may have been more than the ones
named above.

William Edwards, Associate Judge; John Wright, Associate
Judge; John Sample, Associate Judge; James T. Liston, sole
Judge, 1831-33; Zachariah Puckett, sole Judge, 1833-34; Smith
Elkins, sole Judge, 1834-30; E. B. Goodrich, sole Judge.
1830-42; Beattie McClelland, sole Judge, 1842^9; GeorgL-
Debolt, sole Judge, 1849-51.

Closed Augi.ist 16, 1852.

Probate business was done at first by the Associate Judges,
then by a single Judge, afterward by the Court of Common
Pleas until that court was discontinued, and since that time by
the Circuit Court.

(See Judges of Court of Common Pleas, and also of the l-ir-
cuit Com-t.)

JUDGES COMMON PLEAS COURT.

Nathan B. Hawkins, 1853 (died in oflSce); James Bro^vn,
1853-54; W. A. Peelle, 1854-60; Jacob M. Haynes, 186(MJ3.

Since that time, probate business has been done in the Cir-
cuit Court.

The Court of Common Pleas was abolished (as also the Pro-
bate Court had been), and the business of both was transferred
to the Circuit Court, by which it is still transactetl.

ATTORNEYS.

The lirst Prosecuting Attorney was Jamas Rariden, appointed
by the court After him at various times were Betiiuel Morris,
John Gilmore, Lot Bloomfield, Oliver H. Smith, Amos Lane,
Charles H. Test, Mart.in M. Ray, James Perry, William J.
Brown, Caleb B. Smith, Samuel' W. Parker, Jeremiah Smith,
Andrew Kennedy, Jehu T. Elliott, John Brownloe (up to Octo-

1'.)).

Elected -Wiliiam A. PeoUe, Thomas M. Browne, Silas Col-
grove, J. J. Cheney (Common Pleas), Enos L. Watson (Common
Pleas), William Garber, Thomas M. Browne, Daniel M. Brad
bury, E. B. Reynolds, Alexander Gullett, A. O. Marsh, J. E.
Mellette.

The Court of Common Pleas was established under the con-
stitution of 1851, and continued till a few years ago.

The Prosecuting Attoraeys for that court were William Moor-
man, elected 1852; J. J. Cheney, 1854; E. L. Watson, 1850,
185S, 1S02; Thomas J. Hosford, 1860; Mellette, John J. Haw-

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.

Eli Overman, 1818-20; Benjamin Cox, 1818-20; John James,
1818-24; John Wright, 1820-22; Zachariah Puckett, 1820-22;
David Bowles, 1822-24; Daniel Blunt, 1822-24; David Stout,
1822-24; Boai'd of Justices, 1825-31; William A. Macy, 1831-
34; John James, 1831-34; Elias Kizer, 1831-34; Thomas Bax-
ter, 1833-30; RobisonMcIntyre, 1834-37; James Smith. 1835-
38; JohnCoates; George B. McNees, 18.17-40; Abram Adamson,
1837-40; John L. Anderson, 1838-41; William Kennedy, 1839
-42; Samuel Pike, 1840-43; Nathaniel Kemp, 1845; Philip
Barger, 1840; John M. Lucas, 1848; George W. Vandeburg,
1850; Emsen Wright, 1850; Andrew Devoss, 1851 ; Nathaniel
Kemp, 1856; Thomas Aker, 1H56; Endsley Jones, ]85(); Elihu
Cammack, 1857: Hicks K. Wright, 1.S59; Ai-thur McKew, 18()0;
Clement F. Alexander, ISOl; Andrew Devoss, 1863; Hicks K.
Wright, 18(^5-73; Nathan Reed, 1805-68; Elihu Cammack, 1867--
73; Thomas Clevingwr, 1868-77; Francis G. Morgan, 1873-70;
Philip Barger, 1873-76; William M. Botkin, 1877-80; Wilson

HON, LEANDER J. MONKS.
Leander J., eldest son of George W. and Mary A. Monks, was bom
July 10, 1843, at Winchester, Randolph Co., Ind. He attended the pub-
lic schools of this county, where he acquired a good primary education,
and in 1861 entered the State University, at Bloomington, Ind., where he
remained during the school years of 1861, 1862 and 1863. He left the
l/niversity in the Junior year, and in 1865 entered upon the practice of
the law. He rose steadily in his profession from the first, and in a few
years was called upon to fill honorable and important positions. In 1870,
he was chosen Chairman of the Republican Central Committee, of Ran-
dolph County, and in 1872 was again called to the same position. In
1874, he was elected a memt>er of the Republican State Central Com-
mittee, and again, in 1876, to the same position. In 1878, he was the
Republican candidate for Judge of the Twenty-fifth Judicial Circuit, com-
posed of the counties of Randolph and Delaware, and in view of his can-
didacy for this office, declined the nosition as a member of the State
Central Committe-e. His nomination to the office of Judge of this cir-
cuit was the spontaneous expression of the good will and confidence of
the people of this district, and he was elected without an opponent. In
the administration of this office he has proved hinlself a man of pro-
nounced ability. He is prompt and energetic in the discharge of his du-
ties, sec TinfT in the public business the utmost dispateh
accuracy and justice. By his pjrompt and wise conduct <

the court, he has won golden opinions from all classes, and men of all
parties, and in his profession he occupies a high rank as a lawyer and
Judge. In the practice of his profession, he has been associated with
several gentlemen who are still identified with the bar of Randolph
County. First, in 1865, he was associated with Coi. M, B. Miller. This
relation was discontinued some time during the year 1866, but re-estab-
lished in the following year, and continued until 1871. In November of
that year, he entered into partnership with Hon. E. L. Watson, with
whom be practiced until July, 1875. He then formed partnership rela-
tions with W. A. Thompson, which continued until he retired from the
practice to enter upon the duties of the judicial office.

In his habits. Judge Jlonks is simple and regular, cordial and
sincere in manner, gentlemanlj' and unassuming, and courteous to all
alike. And while he has established an enviable professional reputation,
he has, by his noble and manly qualities, won his n-ay to the hearts of
all good citizens, and is highly esteemed as a gentlemen of integrity and
honor. He is yet young, and may reasonably hope, should life be spared,
for still higher advancement, in reward for dutie<: fa Ihfully performed.
He is a member of the Indiana State Bar Assoc ation, and was elected
by that body as a member of the Committee on Juiliiln.l Procedure, to
serve during the current year (1882).

On the 2d day of August, 1865, he was united iii ii j-riage with Liz-
zie W., daughter of Alexander and Margaret B. Wliite. His wife is an
excellent lady, and shares with him the regard of a large circle of friends.
They have a neat, cozy home on Franklin street, made hap^^ by the
presence of their two daughters— Maggie and JI.*.j D.

^Oi^'yhotw 0) r-^-t.

MOORMAN WA^i

5:?^

attained greater eminence

Marlboro S C and m his

n resources as his parents

ight years (1816) he was brought

len he was very young Att__ .^ . =- ^ ,

ives to Randolph County Ind where he continued

which took place on the 17th of August 1881 The only educational

fed were those afforded by the early schools of this locality which were

;ly meager. Yet to these meager opportunities he owed only the begin

ning of his education. He was a ■self taught man his leisure hourf long before
he had entered an office or had thought of adopting a profession mere devoted to
study and self-improvement. Before reachmg manhood he learned the art of
—'■'net making, and was engaged in that occupation and that of a carpenter
1838. In the spring of that year he became a law student in the office of
■e Perry, at Liberty, Union Co Ind He entered upon the study of this
:ssion with a mind well trained and in the following year (1839) he was
tted to the bar at Winchester The conditions necessary to the admission
law student in those days were much more stringent than now the applicant

' sulijected to a rigorous examination His license bears the signatures of

David Kilgore and Samuel Bigger Judges of the Eleventh and Sixth Judicial
Circuits. That he obtained a place at the bar at the end of so short a term of
his opportumtv for at that neriod a

Of him It was said by one who

aggres

as self possessed and

__ ,,__ jnclincd to skirmish

ind grapple his antagomst but when the

nethod of defen'

from the ffiing of the complau
caution, he often vexed the coun wiiu uojecuoi
il. It was seldom that the mistakes of his ad
e rarely yielded an advantagf when he had one

n for a

objec

trial In h"

re technical than sub
lary escaped his notice

acknowledged himself fairly beaten. ^
of the court or verdict of the iuiT, he d
was the victim of a wrong. If he eve:
tantly. He was not an orator, but he s
indulged in invective and tried to beat

quently excited irrepressible laughter, i

Zl^eZl

and capable oi

3r which unpai'i

5 and analytic. He

.fhi^

nvments of the highest order,
inited eccentricities of r*- — "'

thoughtful reader; his discussions
_-^hly instructive. In his later years, he was deeply in-
iscussed b^ our modern scientists, particularly the origin

idiated utterly the whole

and man s destiny.
01 Spencer Tyndall Huxley and Darwin, 1

immortality of the soul He believed creation the result of an intelligent cause.
He wab a member of no church, although his sympathies were strongly with the
Society of Friends In his persona! life, he was pure and singularly free from
the vices that have debauched so many of our public men, and we never heard a
moral obliquity breathed against his name. He had weaknesses that greatly
paraljzed the usefulness of his life, but they are now forgotten; he had faults
(and who has not?) but these are laid with him in the grave," In early life, Mr.
Way was identified with the Whig element in politics, and took an active part in
'"- " -md Clay campaigns of 1840 and 1844. But he was always =— '"

iffalo platform. He supported . _ .

'ar He was fitted by nature and education to occupy legislative or
sitions but although frequently importuned to do so, he never per-
name to be used m connection mth the candidacy for any elective
., .. J — ». v.-. !!«,. .. jjjg practice of his profession, and by

office ..

faithful and industrious adherence

ivancious nor disposed to acquire wealth by exactions. He

permit a tenant to occupy a rarm for. years, without paying

he would pay the annual taxes, and many an impecunious

to bless his generosity. He was married, in 1833, to Miss

imable young lady and a noble wife. One child came to

death claimed it in its infancy-, and in 1865 the dread pres-

and whose death left a void in his heart that was never
It followed all his after life. On the 20th of August, 1881,
I met to give expression to their respect for their distin-
} three days previously, had passed beyond the confines of
hores of eternity. From the memorial address nresented on

'e make the following abstract: " By the d<

,. .,.:. .„ v.. >... not only its olr'—

of our courts and judicial proceedings, and during all this tune there was scarcely
an important legal controversy in which he did not take a leading part. He —
a commanding position at the bar soon after entering upon professional life.

which he was a member and ai

a the contemporary of
yiorton; and now that he
, beside theirs on the n

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Awdersou. 1870-82; E. F. HolUday, 187(>-S2; W. E. Cogcreshall,
1880-83.

Note. — To get. an exact list of Commissioners from the tirnt
has been found nearly or (jtiite ont of the question.

iRD JUSTICES.

John Coates, 18'ir>-2(); Samuel D. Woodworth, 182()-2l);
John Odle, 182»-31.

Justices attending more or less, 1825-31 — -Goorgo Eitenour,
Wai-d; David Frazier, Washington; Noah Johnson; Isaac Barnes,
V/est Eiver; John Odle, White Eiver: William Rowe, George T.
Willson; Curtis Voris, Ward; David B. Somans, Greensforli;
AVilliam Hunt, West Eiver; William iVIassey, Wiird; Jesse B.
Wright; Samuel D. Woodworth, White River; John Nelson;
Danio! B. Miller, Ward; JohnJouPs; John Coates, White River.

AUDITORS.

Charles Conway, 1818-30, did the business now belonging to
the Auditor's office; A. K. Eaton, 1841-45; Nathan Garrett,
1845-59; Elisha Garrett, George O. Jobea, 1859-01; Thomas L.
Scott, ISni-nS; W. E. Murray, 18(55-74; W. D. Kizer, 1874-78;
George N, Edger, 1878-82.

Charles Conway. 1818-39; George W, Monks, 1839-53; Henry
H. Nefl; 1853-01; J. B. Goodrich, ]8(U-()9; Henry T. Semans,
1809-73; Richai-d A. Leavell, 1873-77; John W.'Macy, 1877-
81; I. P. Watts, 1881-85.

TREASDREBS.

Jesse Johnson, 1818-24; John B. Wright, 1825-29; James
B. Listou, 1829-30; John Odle, 1831; Jeremiah Smith; Zacha-
riah Puokett, 1.S;'.8; Andrew Aker, 1839-40; John Neff, 1844;
Thomas W. Roece, 1847; Simeon H. Lucas, 1850; Ira Swain,
1855-57; JohuW. Jarnagin, 1857-01 : E. F. Halliday, 1801-05;
A. M, Owens, 1805-09; James H. Bo wen. 1809-73; Simon Ram-
sey, 1873-75; Harrison P. Hunt, 1875-77; O. C. Gordon. 1877-
81; Calvin Puckott, 1881-83.

It is nearly impossible to trace these things back to those old
times. This list is partially incomplete.

Charles Conway, 1818-39: W. C. Willmore, 1839-53; Will-
iam Burres, 1853-01; J. S. Cottoui, 1801-05; F. A. Engle. 1805
-09; John W. Williamson, 18()9-73; W. C. Brown, 1873-77; D.
C. Braden, 1877-81; O. F. Lewellen, 1881-85.

David Wright, 1818-19; Solomon Wright, 1820-24; Thomas
Wright, 1825-27; Eli Edwards, 1829-31; Jeremiah Smith, 1833;
Nathan GaiTett, 1837; Robert Irvin, 1840-44; Nathan Reed,
1844-48; William Kizer, 1848-52; Amer Forkner. 1852-50;
William M. Campbell, 1850-00; A. H. Jenkins, 18(5<)-()4; Joe!
A. Newman. 1.S04-08; William M. Campbell, 1808-70; D. F.
Ford, 1870-73; W. W. Macy, 1873-74; W. A. AV. Daly, 1874-
78; W. W. Macy, 1878-80; R. V. Murray, 1880-82.

a (some of them.)
Solomon Wright, David Heaaton, Benjamin Ramsey, William
R. Finn, Martin A. Reeder, John H. Peake, R. H. Gnxims, Jon-
athan Edwards, Isaac R. Ford, John D. (Jartor.

srHVEYons (partial list.)
Moorman Way, Samuel D. Woodworth, Jeremiah Smith, C.
S. Goodi-ich, Edmund B. Goodrich, Anderson D. Way, Thomas C.
I'ackett, Eqos L. Watson, Pleisrint Hiatt, Charles Ja<[ua, Phi-
nehas Pomeroy, Ephl-aim C. Hiatt, Michael C. Gaffey, A. 7J.
Russell (elected 1882).

SCHOOL EXAMINERS (sOME OF THEM.)

Jeremiah Smith, George W. Monks, Samuel D. Woodwoi-th,
M.x)rman Way, Carey S. Goodrich, Isaac F. Woo.l, William A.
Peelle, J. J. Cheney, Pleasant Hiatt, J. G. Brice, A. J. Stake-
bake, Choiles W. Parris, Daniel liesley.

5 COMMISSIONERS.

James D. Bowen, 1S81 ; R. C. Shaw, 1881; M. C. Gaffev

:S-Officio), 1881.

In the annexed ai-ticle, we give such of the Justices as we
have been able to discover. To find out the earlier ones has been
a difficult task, and some, doubtless, have been omitted. They
are given as much as possible in the order of service. No name,
however, is given more than once, though many persons luivo
served several terms.

Jonathan Green, in Green Township, served sixteen years.
Thomas Hough, lately resigned, was Magistrate some Iwenty-livo
years. James Wickersham, John Johnson, William Hendricks,
Jacob Elzroth and others, held their offices for many years. The
last named was Justice of the Peace about forty years.

O. O. Thompson, Philip K. Dick, Henry Dobolt, Boyal H.
Davis, Nathan G. Lamb, Joseph Edger, William Drew. Beuja
min PursaiJ, William S. Hunt, Nathan Eeynard, Nathan Reed,
Henry W. Hill, A. B. Webb, William Hebb, Winston E Harris,
served at least two terms each.

It will be no wonder if some of the names are credited to the
wrong township, since, in many eases, no clew as to residence was
to be found, except names of bontlsmou, which indication might
mislead.

Franklin— George E. Thomson, Seymour Allen, Joseph Edger,
Jerrv F. Pence, Samuel M. Betts, William F. Sludabaker, David
W. "Porter.

Doubtless severfll of the names classed as iinknown belong to
Franklin, but which ones we cannot tell.

Green — G. V. Shaylor, Jonathan Green, Samuel Shaylor,
Alexander Budd, Jesse Z. Parshall, Thomas E. Harbour, Philip
Bu.shaw, Silas T. Gordon, Philip Barger, Robert J. Budd, A. B.
Webb, William Hebb, Robert Miranda, James B. Somerville,
Marshall Doarmond, Harmon Hubbard, Charles S. Jones, Silas
S. Clark. William H. Harrison, Luther L. Moorman.

Greensfork — Ephraim Bowen, David Semans, James C.
Bowen, AVillis C. Willmore, William N. Jackson, Christian
Snid(jw, Isaac Overman, Mablon Thomas, S. G. Hart, Thomas
Hough, Nathan Harris, James D. Bowen, John AV. James, David
H. Caffey, Johu Harlan, Wright M. Turner, James AV. Locke.

Jackson — James AVickersham, James C. Constable, Benjamin
Devor, George Dobolt, Henry Debolt, Thomas Devor, J. A.
Jones, Benjamin F. Kemp, Royal H. Davis, Joseph McFarland,
Edward Simmons, Robert B. AVilkerson, Elihu Lanter, Abraham
Lambert.

Monroe — AViuston E. Harris, Goorge AV. McGriff, Samuel S.
French, James B. Somerville.

There have doubtle.->3 been many more, but we are not able to
designate them.

Nettle Creek— AA'illimn Shellabarger, AVilliam C. Hendricks.
Jacob Crouse, Henry Leeka, Hamilton Snodgrass, N. G. Lamb,
AV. Crouse, J. E. Maulsby, Miles Halliday, Stephen B. Cunning-
bam. John H. AVilliams, Hugh AVoods, James R. Routli, Henry
Vautress, F. H. L. Davisson, Aaron Sanders, Floyd M. Brewer,
C. B. Mm-ray, John C. Clevinger, Fremont GaiTett^ Cornelius
Curry. Clement R. Strahau, Martin L. Canada.

Stony Cr( ek— David Vestal, George W. Smithson, Malachi
Davis, Andrew J. Dye, Gideon B. AVallace, Thomas Aker, Aaron
Shaw, O. O. Thomson, Peter S. Miller, Solomon Semans, John
Mclntyru, Philip K. Dick, Joseph B. Branson, George W. Clev-
engcr, Charles Emerson, Aaron Sanders, David Ford, Sherrod
AV. Reece, Thomas AV, Thornburg. David Stanton, John Jessup,
Abram Symons, Jacob Dick.

AVard— AVilliam Massey, Curtis A'oris, George Ritenour,
Daniel B. Miller, William Odle, John Wilson, Mo.ses A. Moitib,
J. AA'. Jellison, John Stick, Joseph Edger, James Addington,
Isom Boswell, John Mock, AA'illiam S. Campbell, AVilliam Drew,
Henry V. Sipe, George R. Miller, Benjamin Pm-sail, Joseph S.
Baker, Wellington Stewart, John L. Addington, Benjamin F.
Bundy, Thomas L. Addington, John M. Collett, John Allbright,
David F. Hawloy, Henry T. Wanen, Jacob R. Ijucas.

Washinot(m— David Frazier, Noah Johnson, William Jay,

218

HISTORY OF lUNDOLPH COUNTY.

Uriah Ball, John Johnson, William Engle, Henderson Murray,
William Farlow, Charles F. Powell, Thomas J. Colvin, Zimri E.
Hinshaw. I. V. D. R. Johnson, Jesse Cook, (Jeorge M. Bascom,
William H. Thoruburg, Thomas N. Rash.

Wayne — Samuel Downing, Uavid Polly, Anclrew J. Dixon,
Thomns J. Mason, John Commons, Levi Graves, James White-
sell, Thomas Evans, Henry P. Mot-o, James Nichols, John Down-
ing, Finley 5Ialoy, Thomas J. Mason, Nathan Wootlbury, James
B.^Ross, B. F. Graves, Uriah Ball, Seth M. Whitten. Samuel
R. Bell, Andrew McConnell, Miles Scott, Joshua Harlan, Eben-
ozer Tucker.

White River — John Wright, John Way, John Coates, John
Odle, John Sample, S. D. Wo(jdw<jrth, Joel Ward, Jesse B.
AVright, Horace L. Rawsou, Benjamin Wheeler, Alvin C. Graves,
Oliver Walker, Jacob Elzroth, Paul W. Way, Silas Colgrove,
Asahol Stone, S. B. Cunningham, Josiah Montgar. Robert Way,
David Lyle, Stephen Coffin, Fielding P. Menylield, Solomon
Youker, Tiiomas North, Aanm Shaw, Seth Moffitt, Samuel Helm,
James S. Cottom, William D. Frazeo, Nathan Rynard, Hemy \\.
Hill, John K. Martin, J. J. Cheney, Joseph Merryfield, George
Cox, John Gray, Ira Tripp, Nathan Reed, James S. Engle. Silas

A, Cro|>per, Chai-los L. Lewis, A. H Patty, Stephen J. Hick-
man, Benjamin F. Marsh.

West River— Joshiia AVright, Elijah Arnold, William Hunt.
Ira Swain, Sylvester Hollistor, Jonah Peacock, Elza Lank. Jr..
Daniel M'ortii, Bela W. Cropjier, Nathan G. Lamb, Jesse Z.
Paschal, William S. Hunt, Richard Jobes, Robei-t B. Cowgill,
Samuel French, John Charles, Silas A. Cropper, W. C. Jo))es,
Samuel Ruble, Albert J. Hawley, Thoma.s Kiinbrough. Isaac
Jenkinson, Thomas Mills, William R. Pai-s<ma, William P. Harris,
Joseph T. Thomas, Winlield S. Robertson, David B. Lamb.

Unknown-John Nelson, LS27: George F. Willson. LS-JT;
Joseph Hull, iS21»; AVilHam Rowe; James Smith, IS:J1: Sanme)
Peacock. 1S:]7; Robert Millman, 1840;,.Willam S. Campbell.
I.S40: Bekjamin Inman. 1840; Jason Overman, 1.S4U; John H.
Williams. 184(1; Wellborn Stmu'fc. 1847; David R. Gray. 184S;
George H. Miller; Isaac P. Woodard. IStU; Almiran Titus.
].S.-)7; Wilson Nichols, l.sr)7; William N. Maxwell, ISIifi; John
W. Butler. 1800; James M. Clevonger, 18(17: J. J. Fulghum.
1 80.'-,; James A. Sullivan, 1800.

It may seem strange, yet it is true, that to find who have been
tlio Justices from the beginning is a thing hardly |x)ssiblo, at least
without more time and pains than we have been able to devote to
the subject. For Township Ti'ustoes, see Education and .Schools.

Persons admitted to practice in Randolph Circiit tJourt in
early times were:

October, 1818, James Rai'iden.

May, 181'.), .John A. Daly.

June, 1820, James Gillmore, Isaac M. Johnson.

August. 1822, Charles W. Ewing.

April, 182:i, Charles H. Tost, Lot Bioomfield.

August, 182:5, Martin M. Bay, William Steele.

August, 1820, Amos Lane.

February, 1828, Septimus Smith.

.\ugust,"l828, Foster P. Wright.

F.'bruarv, 1821), John D. Vaughn. John S. Newn.an, Caleb

B. Smith.

At some time, George W. Daly, Oliver H. Smith, William A.

August, 18:K), Hiram Bell, Gustavus A. Everts, Sanmel Big-

ger.

Fobruiu-y, 1832, William J. Brown, Henry Cooi)e
August, 1832, Samuel W. Parker, David Kilgore, ]
ck.
February, 1833, Thomas C. Anthony.
February, 1834, Zachm'iah Puckett.
November, 1835, William J. Renner.
May, 1830, Joseph Anthony.
May, 1837, Joseph S. Sullivan, Jeremiah Smith.
March, 1841, Aiukow J. Harlan, James Hanna.
May, 1838, James W. Borden.

April, 183Vt, Moorman Way, James Pony, Hugh T. Reed,
John Brownlee. Morrison Rulon, Silas Colgrove.

October. 1831t, Richai-d Winchell, Moses Jenkinson, Jacob
B. Julian, E. A. McMahon.

Nearly the entire number of persons named were non-resi-
dents of Randolph County. Only about six of them were resi .
dents of the county, and of those six, barely t^vo are living, viz.,
Hon. Silas Colgrove and Hon. William A. Peelle.

Residents of the county: George W. Dalv, Zachariah Puck-
ett (1 831), Jeremiah Smith (1837), Moorman Wav (t83'.>), Silas
Colgrove (18311), William A. Peelle.

We give below the biographies of some of the persons who
have been meml)prs of the? bar of Randolph County, as also a
list of those who are at present, or have lately been, resident at-
torneys, either at Winchester or at other towns in the countv.
The list is as follows:

S. R. Allen; O. A.Baker, Union City, Ohio; S. R.Bell. Union
City, lud. ; A. C. Black, Farmland; Thomas M. Browne, Winches
ti>r; John J. Cheney, Winchester; Sil.is Colgrove, Winchester;
T. F. Colgi'ove, Winchest<ir; W. AV. Canada, AVinchester^ S. A.
Canada, Winchester; C. C. Clevengor, L. A. Cranor; W. P. Debolt.
L. C. Devoss. I'nion Citv. Ind.; J. S. Engle, Winchest(^r; L V.
Gray, Union Citv: .\lexander GuUett, gone to Colorado; Pierre
ClraV, I'nion VAty: B. F. Graves. Hiurisville; Fremont Garrett;
Winchester; P.. S. Grav. gone to Portland; Miles Hunt, Losimt-
ville: F. A. Hav; E. M.'lves.Winche.ster: Allen Ja.|ua,Union Citv ;
L. D. Lambert. Union Citv; C. L. Lewis, Wiiiehesttn-; Martin
B. Miller. Winchester; L. J. M.)nks (Judge). Winchester: A, ().
Marsh, \\iuchesU-r; W. E. Monks. AVinchesler: B. F. Jlarsh,
Winchester: J. W. Macv. AVinchester: J. A. Moorman, Fiu-ui-
land: F. S. McFarhmd, Union Citv; J. E. NeiT, AVinchester: J,
AV. Newton, Winchester: A. H Puttv, ANinchester; J. T. Spence.
Wiuche.'.tev; C. T. I'i.'kett. Union Citv. Ohio; J. 15, Ross, Union
Citv; A. J. Stak.'b.ikf, Wiiirhesh-r: L. AV. Sdulv, AVinchester:
Theodore Sliockiiev. I'lnon Cifv: A^'. K. Stu,lal)Mker, Uidgevill,.:
AV. A. Tlioinsou. Winchester; J. W. Tiionisou, Winchester; Moor
man AVav. A\'iiichester (.leaeased): Enos L. AVatson. AVinchester:
Alexand.-r Wood. Kidgeville; I P. AViitts, AVinchester; John H.
AViUiamson. Ki.lgeviUe: E, B. AVood. Ridgeville; S. M. Whi(.
ten. Union Citv; David AVasson. Union Citv: Cvni-, AA'ooaimrv.

a Citv.

the lawyers prominent at the AVinchester bar in for-
mer times mav be muned Zachariah Puckett. James Brown. Beattie
McClelhmd, Jeremiah Smith. AVilliam D. Frazee. Carey S. Good-
rich. AVilliam A. Pe.-Ue. Edmund B. Goodrich, John C. Gootlrieh
-six of whom bi'camc Judges in this county of some degi'ee. Six
of the numl>er are certaiulv dead, and |)erliaps some or all of the
rest.

Before 1N30, the resident attorneys of AN'inchester were very
few, if anv. Zachariah Puckett was admitted in 1834; Jeremiah
Smith, 1837; Moorman AVay, 1831); Si his Colgrove. 1831).

t' second

1 Virginia,

in 183(1.

Edmund B. Goodrich was boru ii
son of Judge John B. Goodrich.

He married, in 1S21), Ellon Bel
Mai-y M. Robinson.

He had six children, and three of them are now living.

Ho moved to Handoljjh County in 1831, and became a lawyer
and a merchant, and also Associate Judge of Randolph County.

He wiis in busine.ss with his brother Carey, and they built
tlie brick store on the north side of AVashington street, between
the livery stable and Slain street.

Judge G. was aAVhig in politics, and a Methodist in religious
conviction.

He was already prominent, and might have become more so,
but misfortune overtook him.

He was a kind and estimable man, and\\'as respected and be-
loved. He had a growing property .and an active business; but
about 181v5, he suffered heavy reverses in pork ti'ansactions. and
thought he was financially ruined. He Imd also a severe attack
of typhoid fever, and his troubles and reverses caused him tc
commit suicide.

to A. ^^/iM^t

C^/c^p^/<-

-\ ///rr.A'^^^

/a'^f.i

/£

■^J}^*' W|

\^^ ^^- ^^P ^n,o. /■ CyA^.

GE CIRCUIT fOUPT i

if'^fS^.-^.

-r '„/,

f

^32-^?;^i:-^?'?^2'?32-*-2-<i?-

^M^i^^

J(svyvwurrud.

;e had a family of ten children, c
neer days, getting a little educa

r of the year. By diligent a
practical and comprehenBive
d, and shortly after at

0 HoUandsburg, Ohio,

I to 1865. While
3, serving two t.
n City Times in

lence in the public and political affairs of the ci
ways affiliated with the Republican party, and hit
e faithfully reflected in the Herald. During his s

i, or eight years, in that
3. and was its publisher
year, and purchased the

in thel

He became a Mason many

High Priest of the Chapter at Union City,
matter of religion, and is not identified wi
were members of the Socirty of Friends.

daughte

I appear

than Mrs. Commons, and m

11 1846, to Miss Elizabeth CarUsle, \
of G. B. Best, of Cleveland, Ohio.

iz., John K., Franky, Ally, Clara E. and Mary A., al
ave Franky and Mary A. His estimable wife is a lad;

life.

exed.

1836. in Franklin County, N. T., and is the daughter of Samuel and Kuth Rogers.
Her fathe_r,_him3elf a native of Liaccln, N. H., was a lineal descendent of John

1 of Queen Mary. Fror '

a Ruth Saunders,

es, both duri

il 1878, f

. she died, aged eighty
I day, and was chosen
:e in New York, and aJ
! of English descent, bi
se of the Colonists in tl

ently a

liberty, and espoused the
:e, and together with his
nary war.
Clarissa, the daughter, ]

rg, Ohio. In 1850, she ei
m that institution in 18oo. uurmg ner co
lool, and spent one year at Mackinaw, Mich.
: left Oberrm to teach school at Richmond, I
10. In that year, she was united in marriag(
tt three years they resided at HollfinHshnrp
ion City, Ind. Here, during
ntifled with the Sunday schoc
■8. came to Winchester with I

vith Job

5, and in 1863, r

foment, and addi
wives and moth(
, menaced their
vely engaged in 1

Presbyterian Chi'roh at Ashtabula, Ohio,
consistent Christian and an active worker
he spread of the Gospel. Her connection
with the organization of the Temperance
with this organization, and was subsequently
" -usaZe • -taking an active part In thia

e close

organiza

of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, fti
nd written appeals to strengthen the temperan
eral years she has edited the temperance department of tl
lOugh naturally modest and retiring, sha haa delivered publ

in? Gradually, but surely her

I know her best, Mrs. Commons is

II education, she combines the quali-
I is well qualified by nature for the
ly is somewhat noted for longevity-
— and we join in the hope expressed

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

His financial condition proved, however, to bo sound, and bis
fefirs nero tl)iis shown to have been gi'oundless.

His widow is still living, at the age of ei^jhty years (18Slj.

The death of her husband and her oilier afflictions unhinged
her mind, and she became insane, which sad condition hns con-
tinued much of the time ever since.

It is remarkable that, when liodily sickness prostrates her,
she regains her mental sanity.

She has been deeply afflicted, and her share of worldly sor-
row has been very great, though she is a most excellent and ex-
emplary woman. Her afflicted condition has gained for her the
deepest sympathy of her friends and acquaintances. But her
clouded slcy will soon be made clear, and upon her night of
anguish the bright morn of eternity erelong will rise.

(Mrs. Goodrich died in September, 18fSl, aged over eighty
years, having had, in truth, a life of soitow and affliction. But
her Bonw\- i.s over; her affliction is gone; she rests in peace in
the arms of her Savior.)

CAREY S. GOODRICH, WINCHESTER..

Carey S. Goodrich was born in Virginia, and grew to man-
hood in that State.

He came with his mother and her family to Randolph County
in 1831.

He was a prominent merchant and attorney in early times. His
mercantile business he closed in 1843, but he continued to prac-
tice as a lawyer through his life.

He had a wife and a family of four children. His widow-
still survives.

He died in 18(56, being nearly sixty years old.

He ^vas respected and intluential, a valuable and worthy cit
izen, deeply interested in the substantial welfare of the commu-
nity, and earnestly active in every enterprise for its promotion.

Like the rest of the family, he was a Whig in politics, and
then a Republican, and an acceptable member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church.

Col. Gray was born in 182S, in Chester Countv, Penn. ;
moved to Urbana. Ohio, in 1S3G; to Montgomery County in 1839;
to Darke County in 1842; to Union City, Ind., in 1855.

He was mai-ried to Eliza Jaqua, daughter of Judson Jaqua,
Esq. , and has had foiu' children, two living — Pierre and Bayard S.

He was engaged, till the breaking-out of the war, in mercan-
tile businass.

He was appointed Colonel of the Fourth Indiana Cavalry,
which position he held from September 4, 1802, to J'^ebruarv 1 1,
ISGt.

He also raised and t>rganized the One Hundred and Forty -
soventh Regiment Indiana Volunteers, mustered in March 13.
ISO,-), Col. Peden; mustered out August 4, 1865.

He was also Colonel of the One Huudied and Fifth Indiana
(minute men). Served five days - July 12-17, 1863.

At the close of the war, he became a banker, org.-inizing.
with Hon. N. Cadwallader, the Citizens' Bank, of which he is a
prominent stockholder and Vice President.

In 1866, he was candidate of the anti -Julian wing of the Re-
publican party for Congi-ess. Entered the law in 1868, and was
State Senator of Randolph County in 1868-72, on the Repub-
lican ticket, of which body he took position as a leading member.

In 1870, he was appnuted by President. Grant Consul to St.
Thomas, West Indies, and confii'med by the Senate, but declined.

In 1872, ho was appointed a delegate at large for the State of
Indiana U< the National Liberal Republican Convention at Cin-
cinnati, and, by that convention, was made the member, for the
State of Indiana, of the Liberal Republican National Executive
Committee.

In 1876, the Democratic State Convention nominated him by
acclamation for Lieutenant Governor, aad he was elected to that
office in October, 1S76.

In 1880, he was a candidate before the Democratic State Con-
vention, and lost the nomination by four votes, but was named by
acclamation a second time for Lieutenant (iovomor.

Col. Gray has been a prominent business man of Union City
for twenty-five years, and is highly respected by his fellow-citi-

In the general Democratic defeat incurred in October, 1880,
Col. Gray shared the catastrophe. But, by the death of Gov. J.
B. Williams, in November, 18S0, Lieut.Gov. Gray was promoted
to the position of Governor of Indiana, which honor he sustained
with appropriate dignity, addressing the Legislatm'o in perhaps
the most voluminous joessage ever presented by any occupant of
the gubernatorial chair to any legislative body.

Gov. Gray has two sons — PieiTe and Bayard, who show tokens
of decided talent, and will doubtless, at no distant day, succeed
in achieving a distinguished reputation. Both have become mem-
bers of the bar. Pierre is also a business man in general, and,
iu the summer of 18S1. engaged in a carriage-making company,
under the firm designation of Starbuck, Tritt & Gray, the capital
stock being i?10,00(), and the number of hands to be employed,
thirty. five.

Bayard S,, in the fall of 1881, bought the office of the Port-
land iSiiii, the Democratic paper of Jay County, Ind., and seems
likely to sustain the i-eputation and dignity of the establishment.

L, D, Lambert was born in 1827, in Wayne County, Ind, ;
went to Darke County, Ohio, in 1829; Allensville, Ind., in 1847,
selling goods for seven years; Hollandsburg, Ohio, five years;
Allensville again; Union City, Ohio, in 1839, and Union City,
Ind,, some time aftervvai-d.

He sold goods till 1868, then taking up the law.

He ha.s been a member of the Board of Tnistees, and was
Corporation Clerk several years.

He had the honor of being the first Mayor of Union City un-
der the city charter, being re-elected to a second term, hold
iug the position fi'om 1875 to 1878.

Mr. Lambert is a substantial citizen of the town, an outspoken
d efficient Republican, and altogether an estimable and relia-

ble u

married, and has a worthy companion and two chil-
both sons. One of them, Webster, is iu the jjractice of law.

He

iHOCKNEY, UNION CITV.

Theodore Shockney is a native of Randolph County, born in
Wayne Township September 16, 1852.

Loping his mother at nine yoai's old. and his father a year
later, he was thus early thrown upon his own resom'ces.

He was employed in hard farm labor during the summer,
and during tlie winter attended the common counti-y schools, and
at si.;teen years of ago began teaching in the public schools,
gaining, in due time, the reputation of a leading instructor in
the county.

In the spring of 1872, he commenced reading law in the office
of Hon. I. P. Gray, afterward Governor of Indiana, finishing
his legal studies m the office with Hon. S. J. Peelle, elected
member of Congi-ess from the Seventh Disti-ict in October, 1880.

In the autumn of 1877, he married Emma A. Keever, of
Union City; and, iu the spring of 1878, he commenced the practice
of the law in that jilace, and in May, 1880. he was elected Mayor
of Union City.

Being a young man of jrood talents, he is rising in the esti-
mation of the public, and making for himself a solid reputation
as an attorney.

At the nominating election held in April, 1882, Mr. Shock-
ney received the Republican nomination for Representative to
the State Legislature, by a good majority, over AVilliam E. Mur-
ray, the present incumbent.

" The Plain-Dealer, the only DemoTatic newspaper in Ran-
dolph County, having been purchased by a company of Republi-
cans in .lune, 1882. the name of the journal was changed to that
of the Neirs, and Mr. Shockney was assigned the post of editor
of the paper under the new- ownership.

Jeremiah Smith was born in South Carolin

1 1805, and

:20

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

came with his father. Williiim Smith, to Rnndolph County, Iml,
ill 1817 (West River).

He movpd to Winchester in cavly maniiood, having taught
scliool one term at Richmond. Ind. How he got his education
is nowhere stated — whether h\ thi- light of pine knots, or in the
forest log cabin sohoolhouses of 'hat rude period, or in the woods,
or in all these thi-ee ways combined. The tiiith (and the main
fact) seems to be that he got it, and the modus operandi is little
matter. And it is a .somewhat remarkable fact thfit, in those
■ rugged times, men made more of themselves, with the scanty
means of imj-rovemont then at their command, than boys now
do, with advantages and appliances for study and mental devel-
opment iit for the lieLi- apparent to a throne.

It is an old saying — "Necessity id the mother of invention;''
and still another is, " Hanger will break through a stone wall; "
and yet another, tiuaint and blunt and homely, but strikingly
true, "Where there is a will, there is a way.''

Doubtless he was "hungry'' for knowledge more than the
starving m.in for bread. He had the '• will," and nature before
his resolute soul opened a nigged but a practicable wtiy.

Ho ap)iears to have ac<j[uired a good knowledge of both law
aud sm'voving. since lie practiced Ixsth on an extensive scale.

He studied law in Wiuchestor with Zachai'iah Piickett. Escj.,
being admitted to practice tliero in 18;t7. He was also emjiloyed
in Biu'veying the Kankakee country in about 1 ,"S2( *-'i'i. and per-
haps elsewhere.

He was for many years Deputy Clevk. etc. , in the ofilca of
Charles Conway, who was twenty-one years Clerk and Recorder
of Kaiidolph County, Ind. Ho has been, at different timrs.
Deputy Sheriff. Sheriff, Prosecuting Attorney, Sm'vcyor. Deputy
Clerk, Judge of the Circuit Coiu-t, a.nd for thirty yt>iirs a practic
ing lawyer. He is said to have ))eon one ot the best Jndg<'.s of
English law in the coiu-ts of Indiana.

Ho was 11 Democrat in polities, sincere iu iiis o])iiuonp. and
f eai-less aud uneom]iroinising in their advocacy and maintenance.
and it is no wonder that, in the extreme heat and jiarfisansliip of
his latter times, when groat ipiestions stirred the pu'olic i'eelings
to their utmost de])tii, in the strong Anti-slavery and Republican
county of Raudol[)h, ho should be subject to public obloquy and
reprobation for his extreme political views and utter.''uces.

In a debate with Ovid Biitler on the question. ■' Is slavery
sinfulT' he took the negative, and maintained his sid<- with
marked ability.

He was honest and incomiptible, both in public and in pri-
vate life. No man ever so much as breathed a suspicion to cloud
or darken his fair fame in this re,-;pect.

Ho was a htern advocate of public economy, and an uucom-
pn.imising foe to ostravugiince f>f eyer\' kind.

He built the Franklin House, Winchester, about 18:lil : also
a residence for jiimself, afterward -both of which are still good,
substantial buildings, the first occupied as a hotel for yoai-s by
Peter Reinheimer, and the latter now owned by Judge Silas Ool-

Jndge Smith, by frugality aud )>rudeut foresighi, amassed a
iiandsome fortune, much of it iu landed estate.

In conjunction with Hon. O. H. Smith, he located the town
of Union City. Ind.

The '■ Bee Lino " was the pioneer road for this whole region.
In fact, its track was the second of the kind in the State, aud
the second to enter Indianapolis, then im unimportant interior
to'vu. now one of the grandest railroad centers in the world. The
Bee Line was completed for use about July, 185:1, aud Union City
forthwith began a brilliant caver of activity and jirosperity.

T)ie creation of this city was mainlv due U) the exertions of
the Messrs. Smith, and they wore auip'ly rewarded bv the fnct
that they were large (.and almost sole) owners of the ..oil on which
the new town must be built; aud hence the increasi- iu value i.f
the land became very great.

Judge Smith maintained his residence in AVinclie.ster till his
death, in 1874. lieing alwiitbixty-ninc j'ears old.

Ho marriod Cynthia Dye. and raised a liirgo family. There
were ten children, eight of wliom are now living.

He wrote several works, n list of which is not at iuiTul. Con-

I cerning Randolph County, he wrote '•Reminiscences of Ran -
' dolpli County." and also "Civil Historj' of Randolph County."
j neither of which was ever published in book form. From these
I manuscripts of his. however, much of the information contained
I in this work has been taken.

I He left six sons and two daughters, all gi-own and all now
I heads of families. The surviving children areas follows:
j William H. Smith, merchant, boots and shoes. His estab-
I lishmeut was begun in 1S59, and it is managed with ability and
I liuccoss. Ho has a wife .and one surviving child. (She has since
' died.) His residence, on Columbia, corner of Oak and Hickoi-y.
I is a splendid Irrick mansion, one of the Imest in I'nion City.
i John Dye Smith, jeweler, L'nion Cit>. His business, too, is
of long stiinding. having been commenced in 1855. His estab-
lishment is the leading one in that branch in Randolph County.
He has a wife aud two children, and has a fiue residence on
: South Columbia street, east side.
i Charles C. Smith, farmer. Winchester, Ind.

iVIary E., married Frank B. Carter, Bradford, Ohio.
I Heniy B. Smith, jeweler, Hartford, Ind

Charlotte, wife of' George W White, Bradford. Ohio.
J. Giles Smith, plumber and gas-litter. Indianapolis.
I Oliver H. Smiili, resides at Union City, Ind. ; is married.
j Ml'. Smith's parenis were consistent members of the RegrJar
Baptist Choi'ch. He was himself identified with the Discip'oa.
and was active in snpjxjrting that branch of the Christian bod\ ,
I being also an accredited teacher among them.
! His sons, like their honored sire, are all active Democrats.
! They bid fair to take good care of the handsome property left
I them by their father, and to uiake it simply a basis on which
j each may build for himself a fair and sightly edifice of elegance
[ and pros])crity.

I They are said to be. without exception, active, frugal and
thriving, aud to be malnng for themselves an honorable place
; among the business men in the land.

I Mv. Smith was firs' appointed Circuit -Judge by the Governor
I of thi' State to till a vacancy, and afterward held the otiico during

a term •■(' seven years Liy jiopuhir election.
] He died in December. 1874. His age was not so great but
: that he might have lived many yeai-s longer, but his worthy and
j heluveil companicm came to a sad aud sudden end by a fatal in-
jury received at the depot of the Richmond & Grand Rajiids
Railroad in Winchester. By a terrible accident, she was thrown
beneath an approaching train, and both her lower limbs were
severed from her body. She survived but one dav, departing
this life July 7, 1872. "

Her husband was, as it were, prostrated by this fearful catas-
trojjhe to the life partner of his joys and cares, and never seemed
able to rally his powers to overcome this sad calamity, and, iu
two and a half yeai's, ho Jay down beside his beloved in the sleep
that, upon eai'th, "knows no waking." They repose beneath
the same monument, iu the Union City Cometerj'.

He had, during the maturity of his power, prepared a care-
fully constructed will, lovingly providing for a perpetual care of
the tombs of his parents, as also disposing of his fortune iu the
interest of liarmony, economy and tlu'ift, strictly enjoining upon
his large family kindness, good will, fraternal affection, and
moral and Christian virtue, and harmony and friendly feeling in
the settling of his .affairs aud the distribution araong them of his
estate; and providing, moreover, that an iron fence, to be con
structed around the tomlis of hia pareats near the place of their
pioneer settlement in this county sixty-five years ago, shoidd l>e
completed aud preserved in perjwtual memorial of tlieir virtues,
and as a lasting token of filial affection.

Seth M. '.Vhitteu, though very young, enlisted in a Michigan
regiment for military service during the war of tue rebellion.
He saw much hai'dship, suffering severely, and having several
narrow .>scapi-« from death in battle.

He was in the Eastern Army, and, at the battle of North Anna
Slay '2;i, 1804, stood firmly with a few afttr most of the line had

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

221

June 3, liS64, uear Cold Hai'bor, he forsook guard duty to go
into battle line.

At Petersburg, ho was conspicuous for bravery.

March 25, 1865, though unwell, h© boiTowed a gun und went
into action. Oathe march, he picktd up a large hatciiet, wliich
he stuck in his belt. This hatchet saved his lifw, for a Vroken
shell struck the hatchet, knocked him sprawling and the gun
from his handa

The same day, ho was wounded in the leg. But he kept
steadily on with the line, returning to camp when the rest did.

In April, 1865, he captured a rebel flag.

Shortly af terwiu-d. he was captured, but was returned at Ap-
pomattox, short of rations, but brave and plucky still.

During and after the war, his eyes were greatly dibeased, and
at one time he was pronounced hopelessly blind. He haa par-
tially recovered hi." sight, howe\er, though it is not strong and
reliable.

Mr. Whitton was a bound boy in youth, and had but little
opiwrtunity. In the army (a strange place, no doubt), he ac-
complished ninch iaithful studying, and, after the war, became
a itfacher.

He was for some time at Washington, in United States service.

He has succeeded, against almost unconquerable obstacles, in
mastering the profession of the law, and, amid discouragejuents
that would have crushed most men. ho has pressed straight for-
ward, in a ceitseless and by no mei.ns ahopoh-ss struggle for suc-

He is shrewd, active, fearless and imtirjng, faithful to princi-
ples and to his clients as well.

His record on temperance is cioiir and strong, pressing the light
where most fail, viz., in the held of legal prevention, giving, in
that line, bold, tuiergetic and valuable assistanco in breaking the
power of the cohorts of alcohol.

Mr. A\ iiitten has an amiable Christian wife and two promis
ing children.

He took up his abode in Union Citv'in 1875, and resides here
still. He is steadily gaining in reputation and esteem among
his fellow-citizens.

His wife wa-s prostrated with severe sickness while he was
absent on business at Washington, and, after lingering for some
weeks, Mi-. Whitten was summoned by telegram to hor be.!side
to behold his beloved companion at the point of death, and in a
few days he suffered the unspeakable afliiotion to close her sight-
less eyes and convey her mortal remains to the home of her
youth, where, amid the grief of sympathizing friends, her life-
less form n-as consigned to the friendly tomb.

PRE8T0K N. WOOnBCRY, UNIOK CITT, IND.

Preston N. Woodbury, son of James Woodbury, a thriving
farmer of Wayne Township, Randolph County, was burn in 1856.

He remained with his father till nl age. working on the farm
and attending school from year to year.

Residing nfcv Union City, he becauj3 a member of the high
school of that place, being one of the first graduating clas?'. who
coropleted their course in 1870.

His first employment after graduation was as book-keeper for
Worthington & Fisher's wholesale notion store one and a half
years; nest as book-keeper for J. T. Hiu-tzell, in his hardware
store, three and a half years.

In iTime, 1881, he accepted the position of Secretary in the
Pioneer Mutual Association of Union City, Ind.

In 1877, he mai-ried Florence A. And'pi-son, daughter of Sam-
uel Anderson, late of Union C ;y, and they have one child, a son.

Mr. WoodbuT)' seems a young man of promise, and may com-
mand a sterling reputation and an enviable nama

(It heems that we have made a mistake in placing Mr. Wood-
bury's name among the attorneys, for which we hope to be par-
doned.)

Pin.SICIANS AND DENTISTS. ,

Winchester— Physicians, J.E.Beverly, regulai-: (i. W.Bruce,
regular; Richard Bosworth, regular; John W. Botkin, botanic;
J. T. Cbenoweth, regular; T. Cox, regular; J. J. Evans, regular;

Jehu Hiatt, old, out of practice, A. T. Hnddleston, homoeopathic;
J. E. Markle, regiilar; W. G. Smith, regular.

Dentists, Messrs. Huddleston, Ballard, Stanley,

In former times, Drs. Benjiuniu Puckett and Woody.

Union City (not here now) —Physicians, Messrs. Diehl, Twir
ford. Humphreyville, Adam Simmons, Noah Simmons, Convei-ao.
Janes, Solsbon-y, Otwell, S*anton, Seward, Ruboy, Hastings,
Sti-ong, Coojjer.

Physicians at present, Mobsi-s. Ferguson, Yergin, Han'ison,
Evans, Commons, Green, AVilliamson, Weimar, Grabill, Parsons,
'^Vliite, Thomson, Rubey, McFarlaud, Fahnestock.

Denti.sts, Messrs. Stahl, Cowdery, Lofovre.

Spartansbiug— Messrs. Ruby, Mitchell, Francisco, Purviancts
Lawrence, Hector, Janes, Hindman, George Humphi-ey, Samuel
Humphrey, Morgan, Berry, Baldwin.

Arba— Messrs. Young," Kelly, Hunt, Heiner & Son, Meek.

Harrisville —Messrs. Dreer, Adams, Huilin^er, Owens.

Bartonia — Messrs. Wallace, Mitchell, Owen, Conner, Marquis.

Bloomingsport— Frazier. Gore, Strattan, Kemper, Good, Cog-
gashall.

Lynn— Messrs. Beard, Banks, Adams, Hamilton, Alfred Ham-
ilton, Blair, Meeks, Swain.

Buena Vista — Messit?. Keen. Blumenback.

Huntsvillo — Messrs. Hunt. Jobes. Chenoweth. Eikenliom',
Miller. Hunt, Jordan.

Unionsport — Messrs. Botkin. Chenoweth.

Ridgevillo — Messrs. Bailey, Shoemaker, Farqiihar, Hiatt.

Windsor — Messrs. Chenoweth.' Davison, Farrow.

Georgetown — Messrs. Keener, Maiine.

Duerlield— Messrs. Longshore, McAfee, Banks, Washburn,
Snow, Heam. Smith, Hall. Bosworth, Lambert. Pnrcell. Ballard,
Clevenger.

Saratoga— Messrs. Evans, AVard.

Losantville— Messrs. Berrj', Franks, Lowe.

Plea,><ant View— Dr. Fvank.

Emmetville — Messrs. Ore, Bailey, Capron.

Fairview — Harris, Goodwin, Fawsen, Moore, Vickers, John-
son, Davis. Fager.

Farmland — Messrs. Keener, Hunt, Davis, Smith, Rogers.

Morristown ■ -Messrs. Comer. Marine, Leech, Orr, Rogers.

The above lists are perhaps only partial. They were obtained
by inquiry of individuals, who depended upon memory for the
replies given.

EUSUA T. BAILEY, BIDaEVILLE.

Elisha T. Bailey was born in Clinton County, Ohio, in 1821;
moved to Warren County, Ohio, in 182-1; to Wayne Countv,
Ind., in 182t); to Green 'Township. Randolph County, in 1847;
and to Ridgevillo in 1850.

He married Julia A. Morgan in 1845, and Paulina Mock in
1855, and ho has had eight children, six of whom are living.

He read medicine with Stanton Judkins, of Newport (Fovint-
ain City), Ind., from 1813 to 1847, and has practiced from 1847
to 1881, having att««nded lectiu-es at Miami Medical College in
1853 54.

He was also a merchant at Enunetsville in IS 17, and at
Bidgevilie from 1857 to 1863.

From 18(S0 to 1864, he held the office of Township Trustee,
four years.

Dr. Bailey used to be a \\'hig in politics, and, in later times
has been a Republican.

He is one of the pioneoi-s of Ridgeville, having settled there
before there was any town, aud resided in the j-ilace ever since.

I'Al I, BEARD, SB. (dECE/^-^ED).

i'aul Boai'il, Sr., was born in North Carolina in 1770; came
to Randolph Count}-, Ind., below Lynn, near Lynn Meeting-
House, in the spring of 1817, having maiTied Hannah Pearson in

222

[HSTOIIY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

181 3 (bom 1778). Thoy had nine cliiklren -Obod, Eunice, Will-
iam, j'.noch, Enoch (second), Paul, Hannah. George, John. |
Paul Beard was a physician; belongedto the FrieudB, and died j
in 1857, aged eeventy-seven years four months and twenty-three !

His wife, Hannah Beai-d, died in ISol, aged seventy. two
years five months and twenty-four days.

He was a noted man in pioneer days, both as a physician and
as a citizen, being upright, respected and trustworthy, and skill-
ful in his profession.

JOHN E. BEVEBLV, WINCHESTER.

John E. Beverly was born in Mai-lboro District, S. C, Sep-
tember 17. 1810.

The same fall, his i)aronts set out for the Northwest, and,
tarrying for awhile on the way. came forward in the spring with
the company conducted by P"aul W. Way, crossing the Ohio at
Cincinnati on the ice.

Mr. Beverly's parents stopped in Wayne County for several
years, removing to Randolph in 18'2S.

His teachers in boyhood were Henry Way. AVilliam and H.
L. Macy, Elijah Brock and Samuel Johnson.

They settled seven miles west of Winchester, and somewhat
south of Macksville.

As a child and a youth, Mr. Beverly was greatly eager for
knowledge, attending such schools as came in his way. but using
also every practicable means of self-improvement.

The opportunities of knowledge in those days were but slight.

He was nearly grown before he ever saw a weekly newspaper.
But the Randolph County Library was to his inquiring mind a
priceless treasure. In that collection were Hume's England,
Josephus, Encyclopedia Britannica,Cavallo's Natural Philosophy,
a small treatise on chemistry. Shakesjieare, Milton, Pope, etc.

He says: "Often have I walked to town (seven miles) on
Saturday afternoon, reading as I wont, to exchange books."

He says further: "I had from boyhood worked much in
brick yards, and had. little by little, taken to brick-laying, and
become so expert as to be called for far and near."

H^ thinks he has done more " jobs," large and .small, than
any other man in the county.

But still he found time, amid the labors of the farm and the
trowel, to read and to think, and to take an active interest in
temperance and anti -slavery, etc.

In the fall of 1843, Dr. Woody proposed to him to read med-
icine in his office. He did so, reading physic, and also continu-
ing to lay brick.

During the winter of 1840-47, he attended lectures at the
Ohio Medical College, taking clear and copious notes throughout
the course, which notes he has preserved to the present tima

His father died in 1833, and, being the oldest son, ho was
obliged to care for the orjjh.med family, which he did for years,
standing as a father to the fatherless brood.

He began to practice medicine with Dr. Woody, at Winches-
ter, shortly afterward undertaking the profession alone.

In 1857, ho removed to Fair Haven, and in 1859 retmned to
Winchester.

He served, dming a part of the war of 1801, as medical mem-
ber of the Enrolling Board for the Fifth Congressional District.

For a time, he was |)ropriet(jr of RawUtlph Coiiiiti/ .Journal.

In 1860, he removed to Richmond, Ind., retui-ning to Win-
chester in 1874, and that place has been his residence to the
present time.

Dr. Beverly has mostly retired from practice.

He has been twice married — first, to Caroline Louisa Good-
rich, in 1843. who died in 1858.

In 1855, he married Ann Eliza Goodrich, a sister of his for-
mer wife, who is still living.

They have had several childi-en, three of whom survive — one
son, in Chicago; and two daughters, at home.

Dr. Beverly, as we have said, was an advocate of temperance,
having been for years, when a young man, Secretary of the first
temperance society in the region, about 1835 or sooner. He was
also one of the small and despised, yet energetic band of early

Abolitionists, who succeeded at length, by the most wonderful
activity, in turning the world, not upside down, but right side
up, uj)on that most important subject.

By his thorough and consistent coui'se through life, Dr. Bev-
erly has gained, and still retains, the esteem of his fellow-citizens.

Dr. Beverly mentions, as a reminiscence of anti-slavery work,
that a band of Abolitionists, among whom were Fred Douglass,
Charles L. Remond, Bradbnrn, James Monroe, etc. . held a series
tlu'oughout the country of 10(1 conventions, making the movement
a grand success. In fact, the present generation have no idea
of the stern and terrible eai-nestness of effort put forth by that
devoted class of Christian men and women, the Abolitionists of
the olden time. The sterling song, indited by William Lloyd
Garrison, beginning, '' I am an Abolitionist, I glory in the name,"
fitly describes the whole brotherhood, and sisterhood as well,
throughout the land.

But, though mostly forgotten by the nation at large, they
have their abundant reward, the consciousness that the work on
which they had set their hearts, is accomplished. The proud
boast of the British iwet.

•■ Wc have uo slaves in Eugluiiii. the moment that
A bondman breathes our nir, that moment lie is free;
They ti)uch our country and their shackles fall."

Even so now is it, thank heaven, with our own loved native
land.

So may all the evils that beset our nation be rooted up and
banished forever from om' midst!

So may the strong and faithful, the firm and steadfast, the
tried and true, throughout our wide-spread country, band to-
gether once more and continually to oppose the wrong and the
false, and advocate, maintain and practice, amid obloquy, oppo-
sition and scorn, if need be, and God so will, the right, the just
and the true, until, as in the struggle of the olden time, now
happily crowned with abundant success, the heroic combatants
for that which is good and holy shall see, from time to time,
with joy unspeakable, victory perched upon their banner! Or,
if, in God's good pleasure, any be called away while yet the liat
tie is fierce and the conflict strong, may they close their mortal
eyes sustained Ijy an invincible faith that from the seed which, go-
ing forth weeping, they have sown, shall yet be reaped a glorious
harvest!

Nelson T. Chenoweth was born in Darke County, Ohio, in
1837, being the son of Jacob Chenoweth, Esq., an old pioneer of
Darke County, and residing still on the old homestead west of
Nashville. He is one of a large family of grown-up boys and
girls, who have all (or nearly so) risen to distinction.

He was in the Union army four years, being a member of the
Sixty-ninth Ohio, Company E.

He was brought up on his father's farm; became a teacher;
studied medicine with his brother, John T. Chenoweth, then of
Williamsburg, but now of Winchester; graduated from Eclectic
Medical Institute in Cincinnati in 1867.

He formed a partnership with Dr. Botkin, at Unionsport,
Ind., which lasted one year; married his wife there — Laura E.
Haines, daughter of Stephen Haines; came to Windsor in 1808,
and resides there still.

He is a thorough Republican, a wide-awake and enterprising
citizen, and an intelligent and faithful physician, commanding
an extensive and successful practice.

They have three children.

JOEL N. CONVERSE, UNION CITY. IND.

Joel N. Converse was born December 13, 1820, in Madison
County, Ohio; married Ann Eliza Phillips November 5, 1840;
has two children— Laura A., wife of D. H. Reeder, miller, Union
City. Ind.; Lois R., wife of Dr. Flowera, Columbus, Ohio.

He read medicine, and practiced from 1841 to 1852. graduat-
ing, in 1840, from Starling Medical College, Columbus. Ohio.

He settled at Union City, Ind., in 1852. at the commeneraent
: of the town, and has resided there ever since.

Since 1852, he has been engaged mostly in railroad construe -
I tion and management. He was Director, Vice President and

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

In tliB AVest, ho wiis Vice President and Superintendent of
the Nobruskn Railroad for ten years.

For years he was School Trustee of Union City, Ind.

In business, ho is a man of great activity, energy and enthu-
siasm; in social life, a wnrm-hoarted, genial companion and
friend; in politics, a stalwart Republican; in religion, he con-
siders himself largely liberal; in family life, he is greatly de-
voted to the comfort and pleasure of those dependent on him.

He is a strong friend of general and compulsory education,
and an enthusiastic worker in the temperance ranks, and, in gen-
eral, a sincere and active co-worker in whatevei- seems to him to
be adapted to build up society and increase the well-being of the
human race.

Mr. Converse has been largely favored and blessed with
success in his efforts to gain property, and is understood to pos-
sess a comfortable fortune.

For twenty-five years, much of his time has been spent away
from home, yet his home feelings and sympathies return all the
more active for the deprivation ho has boon subjected to in this
respect; and he looks forward to the time when the relaxation of
business activity .shall enable him more thoroughly to enjoy
the pleasures of an intelligent, cultivated home.

In the fall of 16i80. Dr. Converse sold his residence in
Union City — one oE the most tasteful and elegant mansions in
that place— and removed ti> Chicago. It was purchased by
William Harris, of the firm of Tm-pen & Harris, grocers, for
$10,000.

John Heiner w:is born in 1827. in Maryland; studied med-
icine in the University of Maryland, Baltimore, graduating in 184(i,
practicing in Carroll County, Md., from 184(') to 1SG4; married
Matilda Jane Kelly in 1850; has had five childa-en, all living,
two married— one son a physician.

He has resided at Arba. Ind., from 1864 to the ])resent time.
, Dr. Heiner is an intelligent and reliable physician, and has
an e-xtensive practice.

He belongs to the (ierman Reformed Church, and in politics
is a Democrat.

C. S. Evans was born in Chester County, Penu., in 1832;
came to Richmond, Ind., in 1837, and to Spartan-sburg, Ind., in
1852; to Holiandsbiurg, Ohio, in 1857; and to Union Citv in
1868.

He married Almira Boyd in 1859, and Hannah M. Robertson
in 1807. They have had two children.

He read medicine with Dr. Lawrence, at Spai'tansburg, in
1852-55; practiced at Hollandsburg, Ohio, in 1857-68, grad-
uating from the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati in 1863.

He joined the One Hundred aid Fifty-sixth Ohio as Assist-
ant Surgeon in the summer of .1863; had charge of the Cincin-
nati Barracks, and then of a post hospital at Paris, Ky.; rejoined
the regiment in Maryland, and left the service, his time having
expired and something over. His chief busine.«s has been prac-
ticing medicine, though at times selling goods, etc.

Dr. Evans has a high reputation as a practitioner, as a gentle-
man and a citizen, and is reckoned to be an ornament to his pro-
fession and an honor to the community of which he is a member.

David Fergivson was bora in Philadelphia. Penn. , in 1813,
of Scotch parents; graduated at Jefferson Sledical College, Phil-
adelphia, in 1837: came to Butler County, Ohio, in the same
year, and to Clark County, Ohio, in 1838.

He removed to AVinchester, Ind., in 1849, and settled in
Union City in 18()5.

His wife was Jane Van Sickel, and they were married in
184il. They have had three children. Two ar^living, and both at
home with their parents, and both daughters, one unmarried the
the other a widow.

Dr. Ferguson joined the United Presbyterian Church in 1829,
and the Presbyterian Chiurch in 1838. He was Deacon for twelve
or fom-teen years, and has been Ruling Elder fourteen years.

Hb has been President and Treasmrer of Randolph Mutual
Association at various times; joined the I. O O. F. in 1842;
Grand Lodge of Indiana in 1856; Grand Encampment of In-
diana in 1857; Grand Lodge of the AVorld in 1879.

Thus it will be seen that he has grown gray in the service of
his fellow-m.en, having been an active practitioner of medicine
for forty- four years.

He is still hale and active, and seems to bid fair for years of
activity and usefulness.

.lEHlI HIATT, WINCHESTER.

Jehu Hiatt was born in Grayson County, Va., near the Good-
spur Crossing of Blue Ridge ou the New River, one of the
sources of the Kanawha, in 1802.

His father died when Jehu was about three months old.

He was brought to Clinton Coimty, Ohio, in 1S14, and to
where Richmond uow stands in 1815, before Richmond was laid
out. That was done in 1 816, and he attended the first sale of lota
there. Richmond in 1815 was a corn-Qeld, and Robert Morrison
had a little store in the neighborhood.

He went to Knightstown in 1830, and moved to AVinchester
iu 1S:^3 or 1834, and his residence has been chiefly in the vicin-
ity of that place ever since.

He bought forty acres east of AVinchester. occupying it as his
home for many years. Having sold it, he removed his residence
to AVinchester, where it still remains.

He mai-ried Sarah A. Thomas in 1828. They had no chil-
dren, and his wife died iu AVayne County in 1805. and was bm--
ied at Goshen Mooting- House, near Middleboro.

He was raised on a farm; worked at tanning and at shoemak-
ing, and finally read medicine with his brother-in-law, John
Thomas, near Middleboro, AVayne Co., Ind.

He practiced fii-st at Knightstown, and then at AVinchesttir,
but retired from the profession twenty years ago.

He was raised a Friend, became a Hicksite, and now consid-
ers himself a •' seeker after truth.''

He was one of the eai'ly Abolitionists when that " hated sect ' '
was " everywhere spoken against,'' and when courage waste
(juired to face the storm of obloquy and of persecution and of
addled eggs and of brickbats, coupled, moreover, with the dan-
ger, and the fact of fines inflicted and penalties enforced against
the "accm-sed few" who had the audacity to hold to the faith
and to practice the belief that " all men are cieated e^iual," and
that liberty, except for crime, is the inalienable birthright of all

Dr. Hiatt, though for many yoare a widower, seems cheerful
and contented, and appeai-s to enjoy the time of old age that has
slowly but siu'oly crept upon him. His health is good, and ho
is vigorous and -sprightly, though almost eighty years old, and it
would be no wonder if ho were to be spared to behold fourscore
years and ten; and yet he maybe called suddenly away from the
scene of his earthly cai-es to tij what may be in store for earth-
born spirits in the unseen f utm-e.

ROBERT H. MORGAN, SPARTANSBUnO.

Robert H. Morgan is the son of Micajuh Morgan, a pioneer
settler of AVayne County, Ind.

He was born in AVayne County in 1827; attended school at
the Union Literary Institute, and at Friends' Boarding School,
and at Farmers' Academy, College Hill, Ohio, and at AA'itten-
burg College, Siiringfield, Ohio. Studied medicine at Marion,
with Dr. Lomax, 1850-51.

He married Mrs. Rebecca (Small) Davis, daughter of Joshua
! Small, in 1853. She was bom in 1829, oa the Silas Horn place,
! northeast of Arba, Ind., and died at Spartansburg in 1879.
! Mrs. Morgan had three children by her first man-iage, and
I eight by her second.

R. H. Morgan lived one year at Marion, eight years at Nora,
i III. and at Spartansburg since 1859.
j He volunteered, Ai)ril 17, 1861, in Eighth Indiana (three

224

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

months), Company D, Capt Silas Colgrove, Col. Beuton. (Lin-
coln's proclamation wa.s April 10.)

The regiment went to Indianapolis, then to ^Vest Virginia.
It was in the battle at Rich Mountain. July ISfil, etc.

^V'hen their time was out, he volunteered in the Fifty-seventh
Indiana; was commissioned as First Lieutenant of Company D.

(For account of regimert, see elsewhere. )

R. H. Morgan was discharged for disability in May, 1804.

Dr. Morgan has been a practicing phyician for about thirty
years, and has had a good re[)utation as a practitioner.

His wife died in the fall of 1879, after a very lingering afflic-
tive illness with the di'opsy. She was an excellent Christian
wife and mother, bore her painful sickness with exemplary pa-
tience, and passed to her heavenly rest leaving a fragrant mem-
ory to her family and siurviving friends.

His aged mother, a widow for many years, and now more than
eighty years of age, has resided with her son Robert for several
years.

Robert J. Parsons, only surviving son of Robert Parsons, for-
merly of Deerfield, Randolph Countv, was born in WavneCountv,
Ind.," in 1820.

He came with his father to Deerfield in 1828 or 182i), and
resided there till he became of age. He then left home and went
to near Dayton, Ohio, .studying medicine while there.

In 1850, he located as a physician at Union, Montgomery
Co., Ohio; removed to Milton, Miami County, in 1853, remain-
ing there till 1881. In the latter year, he returned to Randolph
County and established a drug store at Union City, continuing
also his practice.

He belongs to the eclectic school.

He has been an active practitioner for nearly forty years.

In 1875, he was elected Professor of Obstetrics in the Eclec-
tic Medical College of Philadelphia, which, however, he was
obliged to decline on account of the health of his family. The
college, however, continued his connection therewith as Emeritus
Professor in the institution, which position he now holds.

He has been three times mairiod — Asenath Thomas, in 184();
Susan Dalton, in 185-t; and Rhoda Jones, in 1880. He has had
six children, only two of whom are living.

Although by early training a Democrat, he has been a Re-
publican, and is so still.

John L. Reeves is the son of James and Rachel Reeves, hav-
ing been born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1827. He came with
his parents, in 1832, into the woods of Randolph, settling in
Jackson Township, neai' what came afterward to bo New Lisbon.

His father built a cabin, not ^t first entering land. In two
years or so, he entered land, moved to it, "built a camp," and
became an independent land-owner, lord- of the manor and mas-
ter of his own castle.

John went to school three months when a lad, and his second
term of three months was spent with his grandfather, in Dela-
ware County, young John walking through the woods, in his
thirteenth year, to reach the desired spot, and returning in like
manner to his home and to the farm work in the spring.

He stayed with his father till he was of age. However, he
began to read medicine before that important event, lying in the
hay mow for the purpose when his mates were at their sports,
and obtaining books from New York, under the advice of Drs.
Downing and Miller.

In the fall of 1851, he began work at plastering, and followed
it three years with all his might, reading medicine at night.

He farmed for awhile, but bled at the lungs, and gave it up.

He began practice in 1854, at Pittsburg, Randolph County.

Ho had been married, in 184'.). 'to Angeline Milligan, who
died in 1854. He had sold out and was all ready for moving to
Iowa when his wife was stricken down, and was soon laid in the
cold and silent tomb, and his plans of life were fnistrated.

However, he continued his practice, and, in 185(5, located at
Lancaster, Jay Co., Ind., building up there a tine business.

In 1801, he enlist d in the army, joining the Fortieth Ohio

as Lieutenant of Comj^any F. He was promoted to Captain and
still again to Major. His time of service was three years and
four months.

At Chickamauga, he was wounded in the left ankle, which is
still lame at times, He was also stunned by a shell, and supposed
by his comrades to be dead. But, recovering from the shock, he
was nevertheless disabled for three months. He came near be
ing captured the same day; hut was spared the horrors of Ander-
sonville, and the ])erils, and perhaps the fact, of an awful death
in that fearful prison pen.

He attended the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati in
1800, i>nd resumed the profession, locating at Union City, Ind.

His practice has been continued till the present time, except
for about a year past, on account of severe sickness, from which
he has not yet fully recovered.

He is at present engaged as Vice President and Medical Di-
rectorof the Pioneer Mutual Life Insurance Association of Union
City, Ind.

Dr. Reeves man-ied his first wife in 1849. She died in 1854.
and he married again. His second wife was Esther McFarland,
who is still living. He has had six children, four of whom now
survive. Two of them were by his first wife, an 1 four by his
second.

Dr. Reeves, in his youth and early manhood, possessed a re-
markable amount of energy, and ho has preserved hie habits of
activity to the present time, gaining for himself, unaided and
alone, an honorable and useful position among his fellow-men.

James Ruby was born in 1807, in Kentucky; came to Wayne
County, Ind., when a small boy.

He married Martha Myers, and afterward Hannah J. Hamil-
ton-the latter in 1847.

He studied medicine with his brother-in-law, and began prac-
tice at twenty; removed to Hollandsburg, Ohio, in 1850, and to
Union City, Ind., in 1807.

He died in 1870, at the age of sixty-nine years.

He had eleven children — eight living, three married.

Children — James Finley, 1850. married. Commercial Bank,
Council. [See biogi-aphy].'

Martha, 1852, unman-ied, at home.

Samuel B., 1855, rnarried, physician. Union City.

MaiT Lewella, 185 i, unmarried, at home.

Joseph B. , 1859, married, Louisville, Ky., railroad mail serv-

Jessie F. , 1801, unmarried, post office clerk. Union City.

Ambrose B., 1804, book-keeper. Bowers Bros.

Lizzie B., 18()G, girl, at home.

Dr Ruby was an Episcopal Methodist, a Republican, an ex-
cellent physician and a worthy man.

His son Samuel is following the footsteps of his honored fa-
ther, and, by industiy, intelligence and integrity, he is rising to
a high standing in his profession.

\VILLI.\M J. SUOEMAKEK, UIDGEVlI.l.K.

William J. Shoemaker was born at Richmond, Va., Novem-
ber 18, 1S20. His grandfather, Jeremiah Shoemaker, sold a
large estate in Hanover County, Va., taking his pay in Conti-
nental money. It proved a t<ital loss, and he afterward made
cigar-lighters of tiie bills.

His father served in the wai- of 1812, at Camp Holly, on the
James River, below Richmond, marrying in 1815, and moving,
in 1824 to Columbiana County, Ohio, and, in 1837, to Randolph
County, Ind., not far fi-om Ridgeville.

He had eight childa-en, all grown, seven married and foiu-
now living. He moved to Kansas in 1858, and was killed by a
runaway team a few days after his arrival in that region.

W. J. Shoemaker worked for his father in the woods till
twenty-two years of age, attending sph(«il in private houses and
ill '• greased-paper-window cabins.'"

In 1841, he entered Winchester Seminiuy, under Prof. Farris.
He sold a little black colt Ui James Butterworth, which paid for
board and tuition foui- months.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

The Buramer of 1842, he cleared six acres for his father, took
a colt for his pay, traded the colt for a yoke of cattle, taught
school at Fuirview at $1.50 per day, sold his oxen, and, with his
money, paid his way a year at Winchester, breaking down hit
health by excessive study, and teaching-school neai- Huntsville
eight months to " recruit on."

Prof. Ferris, needing an assistant, he employed Mr. Shoe-
maker, dividing the school and giving him half the work and
half the pay during five months.

His next step was to Bloomington, attending the State Uni-
versity for eighteen months. He reached the Junior class, but
quit for lack of means. Leaving the university without a cent,
and walking thirty miles, he stopped and earned money enough
to pay for a deck passage to Wellsville, on the Ohio River, walk-
ing thence to Hanover, Columbiana Co., Ohio.

Here he boarded with his brother and set in to study medi-
cine with Messrs. Robinson & Coons.

Finishing his course and practicing several yeai-s in North-
eastern Ohio, he came back to Ridgeville in 1853, $1,000 in debt

Here he practiced his profession, erecting, meanwhile, the
t'lird house in Ridgeville (with Robert Starbuck), on credit.

He battled with life for four years, and^ in 1H58, " put out"
for Kansas, having been married in Northeastern Ohio jn 1851.
In that far-off land, he buried, dming the first eight months, a
father and a sister.

He undertook farming, and had fine prospects till the drought
ruined hiscropa The middle of July showed a beautiful growth
of corn; the month of August, nothing.

During the winter of 1859-60, he was a Clerk in the Legis-
lature that framed the free constitution for Kansas, and voted
itself down to Lawrence.

In I860, Mr. Shoemaker returned once more to Ridgeville,
which he has never left since that time.

In 1805, he was reckoned to command at least the second
best practice in Randolph County.

His wife is still living, fresh and sprightly, though the
mother of eleven children, five of whom are living, and only one

One of his sons was sick and helpless for many months, re-
(iuiring ceaseless care and aid day and night. Mr. Shoemaker
attended upon his son through all that wearisome time, taking,
on an average, for sixty days and nights, only three hours' sleep in
the twenty- four.

Their care was repaid by the recovery of that afflicted and
suffering son. He now is connected with his father in business.

His life has been full of adventure and suffering, but hope
and courage have never failed him, and his motto is still, as ever,
" Never give up; it is wiser and better always to hope than once
to despair."

He has been a life- long Republican, and, in former years,
was connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church.

H. H. Yergin was born in Wayne County, Ohio, in 1839, and
came to Union City, Ind., in 1867.

He married Elizabeth Crawford, daughter of Col. Crawford,
and they have one child. In youth, he was clerk in a drug store.

He graduated in the scientific course at Delaware College,
Ohio, and at the Cleveland Medical College, Ohio, in 1864, pur-
suing the post-graduating course in the same school in 1866.

He is a member of the Medical Society of Wayne County,
Ohio; of the Ohio and the Indiana Medical Societies; of the
Randolph County Medical Society, etc.

He is employed by the Bee Line and the Pan Handle Rail-
roads as surgeon for accidents among their employes.

Dr. Yergin is a physician of high standing in the profession,
and commands nn extensive practice.

In political faith, he is a Democrat.

The Delaware District Medical Society (including Randolph
County) was organized at Muncie, Ind., Tuesday, June 19, 1877,
as the result of consultation upon the subject.

There was a fair representation of the various county socie-
ties, and by 12 o'clock thirty-eight physicians and three medical
students were present

The meeting was held in the Methodist Episcopal Church.

An organization was completed by 2 P. M. , and dinner was
had at the Kirby House. Several toasts were offered, among
them the following:

1. Medical Diplomas. Response by Dr. William Lomax.

2. Medical Education and Medical Colleges. Response by
Dr. Parvin, of Indianapolis.

3. The Preacher and the Doctor. Response by Rev. Whit-

The committees were as follows:

1. On Organization — John E. Markle, J. J. Ransom, S. F.
Brunt, H. D. Reasoner, R. P. Davis, G. D. Leech.

2. On Officers (one from each county) — Randolph County,
W. O. Smith; Jay County, R, P. Davis; Blackford County,
William Ransom ; Madison County, Dr Young; Delaware
County, W. J. Boyden; Grant County, none present.

Permanent officers President, John Home; Vice President,
J. E. Markle; Treasurer, G. W. H. Kemper; Secretary, G. D.
Leech; Censors, William C Ransom, Henry C. Winans, H. D.
Reasoner.

The second meeting was held at Winchester, Randolph County,
December 18, 1877.

Members received— Peter Drayer, N T. Chenoweth, G. W.
Sheperd, D. Ferguson, William Commons, A. H. Farquhar. L
N. Davis, A. H. Good.

Honorary members — Drs. Hibbard, Mclntyre and Weist, of
Richmond, Ind.

The third session took place at Hartford City, Blackford
County, June 17, 1878.

Officers chosen; President, J. E. Markle. Randolph County;
Vice President, W. C. Ransom, Blackford County ; Secretary, G.
D. Leech, Delaware County; Treasurer, G. W. H. Kemper, Del-
aware County; Censors, R. P. Davis, Jay County; T. J. Bowles,
Delaware County; H. D. Reasoner. Grant County.

The fourth session convened at Marion, Grant County, De-
comber 17, 1878.

The fifth meeting occurred at Anderson, June 24, 1879, at
the Presbyterian Church.

Officei-s elected: President, W. A. Hunt, Madison County;
Vice President, J. S. Shively, Grant County; Secretary, G. D.
Leech, Delaware County; Treasurer, G. W. H. Kemper, Dela-
ware County; Censors, Peter Drayer, Blackford County; Will-
iam Commons, Randolph Couuty; R. P. Davis, Jay County.

Resolution adopted in favor of a State Board of Health, and
of local boards in the several townships.

The sixth session was held in Muncie, Ind., at the Mayor's
office, December 23, 1879.

Members— 0. F. Anderson, Wheeling; D. R. Armitage, Mun-
cie; S. F. Brunt, Suramitville; T. J. Bowles, Muncie; Oliver
Broadbent, Anderson; A. B. Bradbury, Muncie; J. T. Cheno-
weth, Winchester; N. T. Chenoweth, Windsor; William Com-
mons, Union City; George F. Chittenden. Anderson; F. M.
Davis, Wheeling; H. C. Davisson, Hartford City; R. P. Davis,
Red Key; J. Dillon, Daleville; Peter Drayer, Hiirtford; L. N.
Davis, Farmland; G. W. Daniels, Sweetzer; J. J, Evans, Win-
chester; George Egbert, Sweetzer; S. W. Edwins, Frankton; D.
Ferguson, Union City; A. H. Faniuhar, Ridgeville; William
Flynn, Marion; C. Free, Funk's P. 0.; A. H. Good, Selma:
F. N. Harrison, Winchester; John Home, Yorktown; W.
N. Home, Yorktown; L. P. Hess, Marion; John W. Hall,
Sweetzer; Samuel S. Home, Jonesboro; J. W. Hunt, Alex-
andria; H. E. Jones, Anderson; G. W. H. Kemper, Muncie;
J. M. Littler, Albany; G. D. Leech, Muncie; William
Lomax, Marion; C. Lomax, Marion; Walter H. Lewis, Pendle-
ton; John E. Markle, Winchester; C. R. Mason, Hartford City;
William J. Morgan, Perdieu; John F. McKinstry, Jonesboro;
John A. Meek, Jonesboro; N. H. Manering, Rigdon; W. V. Mc-
Mahon, Ovid; S. W. McKinney, Jonesboro; A. L. Murray, Gran-
ville; W. C. Ransom, Hartford City; H. D. Reasoner, New
Cumberland; J. A. Ransom, Montpelier; O. J. Reasoner, Shid-

226

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

eler; O. W. Smith, Wincliester; J. K. Sliideler, Koyerton; J.

B. Summers, Mnncie; G. W. Sheperd, Ked Key: C. Q. Shull,
Montpelier; D. T. Sbowalter, Montpelier; James S. Shively,
Marion; Isaac. N. Seal. Hackleman; M. T. Shively, Marion; J.
Stewart, Anderson; F. B. Spann, Anderson; D. L. Trowbridgre,
McCowan; Robert Winton, Munoie; fl. C. Winans, Mnncie; S.

C. Weddington, Jonesboro; Lewis Williams, Marion.

Randolph County Medical Society was formed at Winchester
January 12, 1876, and it holds meetings quarterly, the oflBcers
elected annually.

First members— J. C. Beverly, Winchester: J. E. Markle,
Winchester; David Ferguson, Union City; J. Heiner, Arba; J.
T. Chenoweth, Winchester: L. N. Davis. Farmland; W. G.
Smith, Winchester; J. J. Evans, Winchester; A. K Good, Win-
chester; L. M. Jones, Winchester; A. H. Farquhar, Ridgeville.

Officers fkst year — J. C. Beverly, President; J. Heiner, Vice
President; L. M. Jones, Secretary: David Ferg-ison, Treasurer.

Officers, 1877 — Markle, Commons, Evans, Ferguson.

Officers, 1878 — Ferguson, Davis, Chenoweth, Evans.

Officers, 1879— Commons, Good, Evans, Chenoweth.

Officers, 1S80— Heiner, Chenoweth, Farquhar, Evans.

Officers, 1881 — Davis, Good, Smith, Evans.

Number of members in all, 36; 1877, 15; 1878, 15; 1879,
27; 1880. 25; 1881, 26.

Members, 1881 C. S. Arthur, Portland; J. S. Bern', Spar-
tansbnrg; J. S. Blair, Lynn; J. E. Bennett, William Commons,
Union Citv; J. T. Chenoweth, Winchester; N. T. Chenoweth,
Windsor; R. P. Davis, Red Key: L. N. Davis, Fai-mland; C. S.
Evans, J. J. Evans; A. R Farquhar, Ridgeville: David Ferguson,
Union City; R. Ford, A. H. Good, Bloomingport; John Heiner,
Arba; H. Harrison, Union City: R. N. Harrison, R. Hamilton.
Lynn; J. N. Hollinger, J. M. Keener, Farmland; J. E. Markle,
Winchester; W. G. Smith. C. Smith; H. H. Yergin, Union
City; A. G. Rogers, Parker.

Randolph Medical Society is auxiliary to the State Medical
Society, and is governed by the code of ethics of the American
Medical AssociatioiL

The members of the medical society comprise only a part of
the physicians of the county, since they embrace what are some-
times called "regular physicians," and not all of thrm. Any
•cgular physician in good standing is eligible-to merabership.

Newspapers in Union City:

1. Union Train, by Putnam, 1853.

2. Crystal Fountain, by Jones.

3. - •, by Osborn, 1854.

4. ■ , by Bromagem.

5. Chip-BaskPi, by W. D. Stone

6. Yimes,hj Simmons Bros., 1861; B. Masslich, foreman:
press taken to Portland, Jay County, 1862.

7. Union Eagle, Dynes, 1863: L. G. Dynes, W. S. Dynes,
B. F. Diggs, B. H. Bonebrake, B. Masslich. proprietors, 18(53-
66; B. Masslich, sole proprietor, 1806, and ever since (1882).
The Eagle has about one thousand subscribei's.

8. Oazettr, various publishers, 1870-71.

U. Independent (Greeley), 1872, Hedgepeth & Co.

10. Times. Republican; John Commons, 1873-78; George
Patchell, 1878-82.

11. Plaindealer, Democrat, Wentworth, 1S77-.S2.

12. Nen-s, Sbockney, 1882.

The papers named above have all been merely teraporai-y es-
coj)t the Eagle, the Times and the J'laindealer. The latter is
the only Democratic paper in Randolph County, while there are
five flourishing Republican sheets — three at Union City and two
at Winchester.

The Times and the Eagle and the Fluindealer would all seem
to have gained a permanent foothold and life enough to " pad-
dle " each one '" its own canoe." The Times having attained its
ninth, the Eagle its nineteenth and the Plaindealev its seventh
year. The News has just begun.

The Eagle proprietor, B. Masslich, has conquered a financial
success, and the young and ambitious chief of the Times seems

bent on pushing boldly forwaixl in the path to public favor, and.
by energetic activity, to command the general approval.

The Plaindealev, too, is plodding onward in its own chosen
way to cheer the hearts of its Democratic iiatrons and to establish
the faith that it has esi)oused.

All three of thesi' pajjers have job offices, in which more or
less general printing is done.

The Eagle has about one thousand regular subscribers.

The Times has one thousand steady subscribers, and has
lately established a steam press.

The Plaindealer has ^ight hundred subscribers.

The general growth ot the community is shown very striking-
ly, among other things, by the increase of the printing business.
Thirty years ago, one press managed to get a meager support
from the whole county and the adjoining region. Now, five per-
manent printing establishments tind remunerative employment
in Randolph County alone.

And it is, on the whole, an encouraging reflection that,
though given somewhat at times, possibly, to partisan extrava-
gance, and now and then to something like ungenerous flings at
each other, yet the general tendency of their publications is for
the better, and that their influence tends to discoui'age vice, and
to encourage intelligence, aud to strengthen morality and virtue.

Long may this become more and more the pleasing truth, and
speedily may the defects and enors apparent in the methods of
conducting them be fully and permanently rectified, and their
power and efficiency become entirely and strongly promotive and
productive of good throughout the whole community.

Winchester. — The first paper in the coimtv was begun in
1843, by H. H. Neff. at Winchester, under the name of the Win-
chester Patriot, which is published to-day as the Winchester
Journal.

The Herald was begun in 1873, as the Winchester Gazette.

Statements ai'e made elsewhere as to both these sheets.

Several other journals have maintained a brief existence at
the county seat. Among others, one or more Democratic presses
have been established. But we have not in possession any reliable
data of others besides the Journal, the Herald and the Phantan-
magorian. and hence further mention of them is omitted.

The Winchester Patriot, begun by H. H. Nefl", Esq., 1843.
had various publishei-s. Hodson& Beeson began in 1N72 (July).

It hiis a circulation of twelve htmcked to fifteen hundred:
present number, fifteen hundred.

They employ a steam power press, a Campbell newspaper
press, and a Peerless job press, and the machinery is propelled
by a Brookwalter engine.

ipplied with abundance of type and

i job custom, employing tlu'ee hands

The establishment
material.

They have an extensi
besides the proprietors.

The Patriot was established as a Whig paper, and the sheet
has been Republican over since the existence of that party.

Mr. Hudson sold his interest in the JonrnaJ to his partner,
Mr. Beeson, July 1. 1881, who continues its sole proprietor.

The Winchester Herald was established in 1876 by the
Rev. J. G. Brico, professing to bo independent, though thought
by many to do what is often the fact, viz., to possess Demo-
cratic proclivities: sold out after a time to E. L. Watson, and by
him changed in politics to Republican; by him sold again to
John Commons, former proprietor of the LFnion City Times, in
1878, and still owned by him.

The Herald has a good circulation, and maintains faithfully
the fundamental principles of morality and good order.

A feature of the Herald is its Sunday-school and temperance
columns, under the care and control of Mrs. Clara R. Commons,
the active and gifted wife of the editor.

The Pliauta-sniagorian, established at Winchester in February,
1881. W. P. Needham, editor. Price, U in advance.

It aims to be a live, wide-awake journal, and to keep abreast
of the times in activity and enterprise. It is a peculiar feature
of the ■ Phantaz ' that its printing, etc. , is all done at Fort Wayne,
some sixty miles from its office of publication. But that, in
these days of railroads and telegraphs, is no drawback.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNIY.

It contains the news of the county and region, and a good
portion of that of the world at large, and whether the mechan-
ical work is executed one block or 100 miles away is no matter.

Ridgemlle, Farmland, etc.— Home< effoi-ts have been made to
carry on a printing press and a weekly jounial at Ridgeville.
Randolph County, but, thus far, without permanent success.
What the future may have in store for Ridgeville, Farmland,
etc., in this matter, cannot now be stated; but the past and the
present must be mostly silent in this respect in their behalf.

In the month of November, 1881, a newspaper was set on foot
at Ridgeville. Name, Ridgeville Leader. Proprietor, J. R.
Polks. Date of first issue, Friday, November 11, 1S81.

It is to be hoped that this new aspirant for public favor may
achieve a permanent success.

The author has an impression that, at some time not very
long past, a newspaper was attempted at Farmland, but no spe-
cial or exact information is in our possession; and, even if the
impression bo correct, the attempt seems to have been a failure,
since no paper is issued from that village at the present time.

For some years past, and especially at the present time, the
activity of the press in Randolph is very great. All five of the
offices are abundantly supplied with work, and some of them are
greatly pressed with the demand for jobs of various kinds.

The growth of the county in this matter is truly amazing —
from a single press in 1843, to five offices and six newspapers,
with a great number and variety of machines for supplying the
vastly increased amount of printing demanded by the civilization
of to-day.

In Randolph County the Journal at Winchester, and the
Times, at Union City, are especially remarkable for their enter-
prise and success. The Times, in the spring of 1882, b^iught a
building for an office, and also purchased and set up a steam
press. But the others, too, do a good stroke of business, and
have the confidence of their respective patrons and the public.

Bentley Masslich was born in 1837, atLittiz, Peun.; moved to
Bethlehem, Penn., in 1854; near Dayton, Ohio, in 1857; to
Union City, in 1859; married Louisa Bachman in 1859; Penin-
nah Watkins in 1867; Lucia E. Farson, 1870.

He has had seven children.

He learned printing at Bethlehem in 1854-57; was a teacher,
surveyor and book-keeper; sold books, iewelry, etc.: bought an
interest inihe Eagle in 1804; bought the whole in 1800; has
ever since been sole proprietor.

The Eagle was established in 1803, by L. D. & W. S.. Dynes.

Under the present management, the Eagle is the outspoken,
fearless advocate of right, and the earnest opponent of wrong;
is mild and courteous in tone, and singularly free from offensive
personalities.

The Eagle has a peculiar, rather unique, make-up, a little as
though casualties and crimes were "all there is in the world."

Mr. Masslich is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church; for six years, has been Trustee, and for ten years, or-
ganist. He is Secretary of the Board of Trustees of three build-
ing and loan associations, of the Randolph County Bible So-
ciety, of Y. M. C. A., and of S. S. V. &E. L. [See Temperance.]

The Eagle has been active against lotteries as gambling, and
forbidden by law, and has lost some patronage by its course. The
editor feels the comfort of an approving conscience, and good
citizens fervently hope that he may follow the advice of Sumner
to Secretary Stanton — "stick" — and that he may keep on shy-
ing a club at the head of Satan wherever he can see it^

Mr. Masslich was in early times closely pinched, but he has
become able to build for himself a good house and office combined,
and is reckoned one of the substantial citizens of the town.

During the summer of 1881, the new institution of MaiTiage
Dowry arose, the first association of the kind being formed at
Union City, and for a time, these companies had an immense
run, the community being apparently " wild " after them. The
Eagle, convinced of the unsoundness of their foundations, took

a firm stand, almost alone, against them from the beginning — a
position which a few months' time showed to be true.

OEOUGE W. PATCHELL, UNION CITY, IND.

George W. Patchell was born in 1858, at Pittsburgh, Penn.

His parents moved to Union City, Ohio, in 1867, when young
George was at the age of nine years.

He spent his boyhood and youth at school on the Ohio side,
and learned the printing business in the Times office, with John
Commons.

In his twentieth year, he bought that establishment as sole
proprietor, though a mere boy without capital, making the
purchase December 1, 1877. Since that time, he has paid for
the office in full, adding to its fixtures and implements atx)ut
$700, purchased and paid for a fine lot on North Howard street,
and erected an elegant residence thereon, the whole of the prop-
erty—office, lot and dwelling— being entirely paid for; and all
this within less than four years.

Our young friend of the Times is thought by some to be rather
" high -headed." George may not, possibly, be wholly guiltless
of the charge, yet his splendid success in so early youth speaks
well for his ability; and increased age and more extended inter-
course will doubtless smooth down the rough places, prove him
to be a man of sterling biLsiness ability, and bring to him still more
abundant success.

Mr. Patchell has infused into the Times establishment a re-
markable degree of enterprise, by which, in return, he is reap-
ing a large reward in a splendid run of business and an over-
whelming press of work flowing into his office in a constant and
rapidly increasing stream.

He married Lillie Ann Butcher, daughter of John Butcher,
Esq., of Union City, Ind., in December, 1880, and, in June, 1881,
took their wedding trip to the Kansas prairies to conunemorate
the fact that the lust payment had been made upon their fine lot
and beautiful new dwelling in the thriving city of their residence.

Mr. Patchell is a thorough Republican. Ho was a candidate
for the nomination to the office of Clerk of Union City, Ind., in
the spring of 1881. Ho lost the nomination by a few votes.
The result, though naturally mortifying to his ambition, is never-
theless a decided advantage, since his natm-al forte is business,
and to have such talents perverted to the channel of office-seek-
ing would be an injiu-y to himself and a harm to the public.
However, there is time enough yet, if desire should run in that
direction; and the old saying is, "A bad beginning makes a good
ending," which, like other ancient "saws," has the merit of be-
ing at least sometimes ti-ue.

But why shoulii we 6nlar(';e':' Mr. Patchell has life before
him, and the world at. his command — at least, so much of it as
ho pleases to subject to his wishes; and his friends hope and
predict for him a career of distinguished prosperity and abund-
ant financial success.

It IS anotherold saying that '' It is an ill wind that blows no-
l»Jy any good," and it is a fact that the whirlwind of "mar-
riage dowry," with eight or ten separate kindred asstwiations in
Union City alone, while it whisked so much ca.sh out of the pock-
ets of so many overconfident men and women, created such a de-
mand for the printing of leaflets, etc., that the Times office, be-
ing ready and anxious for the work, was so crowded with the
jobs of these and other insurance companies as to clear about §1,-
(X)0 by the operation, which sum was, a large proportion of it,
laid out in a steam press and en.^ine, which is now in successful
operation in an office on the ground floor, lately purchased, also,
lodation of his enlarged business.

Stephen M. Wentworth has led a life of varied adventures,
having been born at Chillicothe, Ross Co., Ohio, in 1836. His
grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution through the whole
war, and received a pension till the day of his death. He was
born in about 1700, and was ninety-two years of age when he
died. He entered the army as a drummer boy, in a company of
which his father was Captain, and, the father dying at length,
the son rose to be Captain in his father's stead.

228

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Tho grandfather came from Maine to Chillicothe in 1815,
having a large family of ten children or more.

Stephen's father, Benjamin S. Wentworth, was born in the
year in which Washington died— 17yy— and died iu 184U, with
the cholera, boinir the father of twelve children, ten of whom
grew up, and seven are living still.

Stephen M. remained at Chillicothe till about sixteen years
of ago; in 1852, entered the Enquirer office, Cincinnati, contin-
uing therein till 1857.

He attended the Cincinnati Law School one session in that
year.

Two years were spent in the office of the Philadelphia En-
qairer, at the metropolis of Pennsylvania.

In the summer of 1803, he went with a company of printers
to New Orleans, doing printing of various sorts for tho soldiers
in the Union army. After five or six months thus spent, ho be-
came connected with the office of the New Era in New Orleans,
being also reporter for the True Delia.

In July, 1807, he left the Crescent City and came to Mem-
phis, remaining for a year.

He was three months in Louisville, six months in the Ga-
zette office at Cincinnati, and, till 1875, in the office of the En.
qidrer, in the same city.

In 1877, he came to Union City, buying out the Plaindealer,
and sending out the first issue under the new management Sep-
tember 18, 1877.

He volunteered as a member of a "gunner squad" during the
summer of 1802, serving as cannonier in Fort Mitchell, among
the Kentucky Hills, near Cincinnati, for six or eight weeks.

S. M. Wentworth married Minnie Bartley, of Dayton, Ohio,
in 1870. They have no children.

Mr. Wentworth is Democratic in politics, though not a vio-
lent partisan. He is a man of active habits and genial temper-
ament, being only in middle life, and may hope for many years
of honorable usefulness in the service of his country, in the
practice of his noble profession, which he has followed during so
many years, amid such varied and stiiring adventures.

The paper of which he is publisher has a good ojiportunity
for success, it being the only Democratic sheet in the county,
where four Republican weeklies find a competent support.

Democrats are not very abundant in Randolph County, in-
deed; yet still there are enough to furnish an ample support for
one journal devoted to tho advocacy of their principles and meas-
ures, and, if they do their duty as partisans, Mr. Wentworth
will succeed in attaining financial success in its ])ublication.

CHAPTER XIX.

MISCELLANY.

— iNSUIl/

AN Ass()(;iATioNs— .Statistics— Ani-.o

DOTES— BlO(fIlAP'IY.

UNDER this title we give an account of various matters —
banks, insurance, loan associations, anecdotes, statistics,
finances, i)oi)ulation, biography of jiersons outside the county,

BANKS.

' BAMI

Loiiiis iiml iliscoimt.s. ...

Bonds

Due from bunks and

bimktrs

Ileal estate and ti.Miircs.

cLhW'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.

$104,. 570 47

l.'-.,475 00||

3;i.2Hl

10

17,837

1)2

042

r.4

28,651

at

iM!)!>,i)nH

:i!)

•, 187!)

apitiil & Kt<ick piiid in .' $32,000 00

Siiridus fund 8,400 00

DLsoouiit 1,843 33

Uiidivklcd proflUi 200 44

Dopositi-- Ifi2,404 62

Loans aud discounts $124,050 42

Real Estate and fixtures 13,919 87
Due from banks, etc. . . 30,041 10

Expense IS

U. S. bonds 20,8fl

Cash 48,?!;

31, 1881.

Capital stock .....'.....'$ 32,000 00

Surplus fund 5,000 00

Discount 1,073 18

Exchange 198 73

Deposits 186,a52 53

Undivided profits 1,663 62

Indiana Banking Co. ... 497 71

Total $227,28.5 77 Total $227,285 77

Officers, etc. — Nathan Cadwallader, President; Isaac P. Gray,
Vice President: Edward M. Tansey, Cashier; Charles Cadwalla-
der, Assistant Cashier; Directors, Nathan Cadwallader, Isaac P.
Gray, William K. Smith, Ephraim K. Bowen, William tt An-
derson.

Stockliolders — Nathan Cadwallader, Isaac P. Grav, William
K Smith, Ephraim IL Bowen, William H. Anderson, B. F. Cod-
dington, Henry D. Smith, Edward M. Tansey, John D. Smith,
Charles C. Smith, Oliver H. Smith. Mary E. Carter, Charlotte
A. Whit*.

1879.

Loans and discounts.

Bonds

Due from banks

Real estate, furniture.

$109,787 47 i Capital stock

18,700 OOh Surplus fund

21,121 01 .Discount aud exchange.
Deposits

:;ash 61,873 221

Total $207,222 15 ; Total $207,222 15

Officers, etc., 1871)— Charles S. Hardy, President; James F.
Ruby, Cashier; Henry B. Grahs, Assistant Cashier; Directors,
John S. Johnson, Charles S. Hardy, Robert S. Fisher (dead), Henry
S. Stockdale, John S. Starbuck, James Moorman, James F. Ruby.
Stockholders — James Moorman, Robert S. Fisher, John
Koontz, John S. Johnson, George B. Johnson, Charles S. Hai-dy,
William Anderson, Anna J. Pierce, Raphael Kirschbaum, Joseph
R. Jackson, James S. Cottom, John Fisher, Elihu Cammack,
Charles Negley, William Kew, James F. Ruby, William T.
Worthington, Henry S. Stockdale, John S. Hartzell, L. A.
Goble, John S. Starbuck, Samuel Kahn.

Loans and discounts. . . .

United.States Bonds, etc.

Due from banks and

bankers

$145,415 67
1,000 00^

12,089 38
882 41
1,690 00
1,175 47
494 85
51,427 05
12,220 00

Capital stock paid in.

Surplus fund

Discount

Exchange

Individual deposits...

Total

. . $00,001) 00

3,500 00

7,441 54

418 69

Furniture and fixtures. .

Current expenses

Ta.\es

Cash items

Specie— gold

Total

$226,394 83 i

. . $226,394 83

Officers — Charles S. Hardy, President; John S. Johnson,
Vice President; James Finley Ruby, Cashier; Henry D. Grahs,
Assistant Cashier.

LIABILITIES.

Loans and discounts .

. $123,773 10 [Capital

33 190 30 Surplus fund

. . . . $80,000 00
5 500 00

Real estate, etc

8,576 90 'Discount

683 90 1 Deposits

. 17,190 23jl

2,355 92
80 376 51

calh'™::::::::;::::

Tolal

..$168,33243! Total

■ATKMBNT, NOVEMllEH 7, 1881.

.' $175,451 91' Capital '.'....'.

.. 35,9.54 971 Deposits

. 41,903 43 Discount and intere

$168 382 43

Loans and discounts .
Due from ban Its

. .'.'.' $80,000 00

Cash ou hand

Expen,sc

t... 18;^ 60

Tolal

hExclange

.$243,429 18- Total

4 95
. . . . $243,429 IH

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Oflicers, etc.— Nathan Reed, President; James Moorman,
Vice President; Thomas F. Moorman, Cashier; Thomas Moor-
man, Assistant Cashier; Directors, Nathan Reed, James Moor-
man, Simon Ramsey, Thomas Moorman, Joseph R. Jackson.

Stockholders — Jehu Hiatt, Henry Moorman, A. O. Marsh,
A. C. Beeson, N. Reed, James Moorman, Simon Ramsey,
T. Moorman, T. F. Moorman, Phebe B. Reed, R. S. Fisher, R.
Kirschbaum, Samuel Kabn, Joseph R. Jackson.

COUNTY BANK, WINCHESTER.
STATEMENT, 1879.

Loans and discounts. . . . $130,340 11

Due from banks 48,203 59

Furnituro, etc 1,925 00

Expense 1,313 01

Cash 28,768 31

Total , $204,448 03

tal $100,000 00

lusfund 1,000 00

est 6,0.')4 51

Deposits 97,393 51

Furnitiire . .
Real estate. .
Other banks

Expenses

Cash 19,458 15

. $155,955 46
1,625 00
2,5.50 00

5, 1881.

'Capital '. $100,000 00

Surplus 3,000 00

Deposits 98,899 29

Collection 67 60

[Interest 4,160 01

! Total $206,076 90

Total $206,076 "" '

Officers — Aeahel Stone, President; Dennis Kelly, Cashier;
S. T). Coais, Assistant Cashier: Directors, Asahel Stone, Thomas
Ward, Adam Hirsch, Dennis Kelly., Siujon Ramsey.

Stockholders — Asahel Stone, Thomas Ward, L. O. Ward,
Thomas Ward, Jr., Adam Hirsch, John Hiatt, Dennis Kelly, S.
D. Coats, Simon Ramsey, Amos C. Beeson, John E. Neff, Rachel
Steele, L. W. Study, Anna Lykens, John E. Campbell, Sarah A.
Campbell, Rhoda Brooks, John Charles.

INSURANCE.

INDIANA BENEVOLENT AND ENDOWMENT ASSOCIATION, UNION CITY, IND.

Home office, Union ('ity, Ind.

Association formed 1880.

Trustees — C. S. Hardy, President Commercial Bank, Union
City, Ind. ; William Han is, firm of Turpen & Harris, Union
City, Ind. ; William K. Smith, boots and shoes. Union City,
Ind. ; Isaac S. Stahl, dentist. Union City, Ind. ; A. A. Hutchin-
son, grocer. Union City, Ind.; H. H. Yergin, physician, Union
City, Ind. ; S. R. Bell, attorney at law. Union City, Ind. ; Allen
Jaqua, hardware, Union City, Ind. ; J. L. Heck, insurance. Union
City, Ind.

Officers— C. S. Hardy, President; William K. Smith, Vice
President; Isaac G. Stahl, Secretary; Allen Jaqua, Treasurer;
William Harris, General Manager; A. A. Hutchinson, Actuary;
H. H. Yergin, Medical Director; S. R. Bell, Attorney; J. L.
Heck, Superintendent of Agencies.

Membership — Initiation fee, $10; semi-annual fees, $2,50
(for five years); semi-annual fees, $1.50 (after five years); death
assessment, $1.

Return Assessments — All death assessments paid for the first
five years will be returned at the expiration of five years.

Beneficiaries receive, at the death of the policy-holder, or at
the expiration of a term of years numbering from twelve to fif-
teen, a sum amounting to from 11,500 to $4,U00 (or less, being
from 50 to 80 per cent of the certificates in force at the time).

One hundred dollars for funeral expenses upon application.

NATIONAL MAKRIAOE DOWRY ASSOCIATION.

Home office. Union City, Ind.

Formed at Union City, March 21, 1881.

Officers— -James B. Ross, Prasident; Joseph R. Jackson, Vice
President; Samuel R. Bell, Secretary; C. W. Pierce, Sr., Treas-
urer; G. E. Reynolds, General Agent; C. W. Pierce, Jr., Gen-
eral Manager.

Trustees — Joseph R. Jackson, loan agent; James B. Ross, at-

torney; C. W. Pierce, grain merchant; S. R. Bell, attorney; G.
E. Reynolds, stock-dealer and farmer.

Membership fee, $5, 4i7, $10, in Classes A, B and C.

Eighty per cent of assessment set apart for a dowry fund.

Twenty per cent devoted to expense fund.

Benefits— Not more than $16'; per month of membership for
Class A, $33.!j for Class B, and $50 for CIms C.

Semi-annual dues, $1 per $1,0(K).

Assessment, upon marriage occm-ring, $1 per $1,000.

If any certificate-holder die before marriage, the heirs, etc.,
shall receive 80 per cent of all assessments paid by such party.

Membership ceases at marriage.

PIONEER MUTUAL ASSOCIATION, UNION CITY.

The Pioneer Mutual Association was formed in the spring of
1881.

Its declared object is to furnish insurance upon lives of per-
sons between the ages of twenty and eighty years inclusive, at
the cheapest possible rates.

Terms— Certificates given, $6 for $1,000, $10 for $2,000, $15
for $3,000, $25 for $5,000.

Yearly assessments, $1 per $1,0(K), during life.

Death assessments, $1.25 on $1,000 certificate; $2.30 on $2,-
000; $3.35 on $3,000; $5.50 on $5,000.

■ Each policy calls for a sum equal to the aggregate net avails
of the assessment made in the ease in question, but not greater
than the full sum named in the certificate, the odd cents in each
death assessment, as also the yearly rate, being reserved for ex-
penses.

The association seems at the present time to be flourishing, a
large number, considering time elapsed, having obtained certifi-
cates therein.

Manyobject to the feature in the association insuring persons
at BO great an age, and a largo number think the principle im-
sound of allowing pei-sons to insure parties in whom they have
no proper insurable interest; yet the association continues to
carry on its operations, and time, that tests all things, must de-
termine what is truth as to these disputed points.

The opinion is common, moreover, that the insurance of par-
ties of great age cannot prove, in the long run, a business suc-
cess, since death must occur so frequently that such an avalanche
of assessments must ensue as to swamp the association and the
policy-holders in one common ruin. And still again, that the
policy of collection in small sums, and in having no permanent
fund on which interest may accrae, so greatly increases the ex-
pense of management as eventually to make them bo rejected
as undesirable.

But this work is not a treatise on insurance, but simply a
history, and the author must content himself with a bare state-
ment of facts, and to leave the argument in the matter to other
persons, and to other times and places.

farmers' mutual AID AND LIFE ASSOCIATION, WINCHESTER, IND.

Formed in 1880.

Officers^Andrew McConnell, President; C. O. Mikesell, Vice
President; R. G. Mote, Treasurer; John Kunkel. Secretary; J.
J. Mikesell, General Manager. The above officers are also the
Directors of the association. G. W. Bruce, Medical Examiner;
L. W. Study, Attorney; J. N. Shockney. General Agent.

The following is the plan of the association:

Foiu' classes. A, B, C and D, each having four divisions.

Initiation fee, $8, $10, $12, $15.

Deatli assessment, $1.10, $2.20, $3.30, $5.50.

Annual dues, $1, $2, $3, $5.

Sums payable (when classes are full), $1,000, $2,000, $3,000,
?5,0(X).

Ages, twenty to eighty-five years.

Expense fund: The initiation fees, the annual dues and 10
per cent of the death assessments.

No medical examinations required between sixty-five and
eighty years.

This is another association like the " Pioneer " of Union City
which insures ages as high as eighty years — an age which, upon

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

principles heretofore Bupposed to be sound, would bo a transac-
tion unwarranted by the laws regulating safe and substantial
business transactions.

Formed in 1881.

Officers — J. M. Hodson, President; R A. Loavoll, Vice Pres-
ident; W. P. Harris, Secretary; T. F. Moorman, Treasurer; J.
T. Chenoweth, Medical Director; H. Ritenour, General Man-
ager; W. W. Canada, Attorney.

Directors— J. M. Hodson, R. A. Leavell, W. P. Harris, T. F.
Moorman, J. T. Chenoweth.

The association is without stockholders.

Insurable age. eighteen to eightv-two vears.

Amount receivable, $2,000 to $5', 000..'

Beneficiaries classed in four divisions, according to age.

Dues semi annual.

Assessments made at the death of members.

Initiation in proportion to amount insured.

Amount receivable conditioned upon the number of paying
members nt the time.

The highest age on this association is eighty-two years.

MARRIAOE DOV

The year 1881 witnessed the beginning, at Union City, Ind.,
of an association called by the above title.

There seems to be something bewitching in the matter, for,
in a brief space, similar organizations have sprung up in great
numbers. Eight or ten exist already in Union City, and they
are organized at the rate of iifty in a week throughout the State
of Indiana.

It is difficult to describe them, or to tell on what they are
founded, or how they hope to live, as everybody who buys into them
expects to make large profits on the money expended, which, of
course, cannot be, since very large amounts go into the pockets
of agents and to the officials who manage the aiiairs of the com-
panies, besides, also, the legitimate expense for printing, rent,
etc., etc.

To cover a risk in a convenient, nou- burdensome manner, or
to pay money to a few at the expense of the many, the method
may bo appropriate; but as a matter of speculation, to realize
largely and on the whole, it cannot be otherwise than a delusion
and a failure.

No provision is made for any growth by increased production
in any way whatever, and much of the money paid in is absorbed,
and, as many of the first certificate-holders get more than they
pay out, it necessarily follows that the later ones must lose
enough to pay all the expenses, and all the overplus received by
any in the early stages of the operation.

The movement now bids fair to have a run over extensive re-
gions, perhaps over the whole land, and seems likely to rival the
financial crazes of former times, and to take its place in history
side by side with ' John Law's Mississippi Company,' and the
' Morus Multicaulis. '

Saturday, November 2(), 18.S1, the National Marriage Dowry
Association, the earliest of the batch, " broke," because the as-
sessments had become so heavy that the certificate-holders would
not pay them, preferring to lose their stock rather than to carry
the enormous and constantly increasing load any longer.

The last absessment was for twenty-six marriages in a bunch,
occurring in one week, aggregating about |ir)0, in the whole,
for each cercificate-holder.

This " break " is the beginringof the end. So must they all
do in a brief space.

March, 1882, the failure of the National, just mentioned, was
the signal, the alarm-bell, for the death of them all; and, in a
very short time, after a little struggling and maneuvering, the
whole mass of them, old and new, "gave up the ghost,'' leaving
their disappointed and deluded certificate-holders to weep and
wail over the sudden demise, and over the total loss of the funds
invested so far as not received before the time of failure.

Marriage dowry is dead — dead— three times dead! And over
its defunct remains may be chanted the quaint ditty, said to have

been the epitaph inscribed upon the tombstone of an infant which
died at a few days old.

It is due, perhaps, to the projectors of this unique mode of
insurance to say that they were honest, upright gentlemen, who
intended no fraud upon the public, but who were not aware to
what their scheme would run, and who supposed a safe and legi-
timate business might be done.

BUILDINQ AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS.

Laws have been enacted in Indiana, and perhaps elsewhere,
authorizing and regulating such associations. Four such com-
panies have existed in Union City. Three of them have expired
by limitation of time. One is still in operation, and a fifth is
expected to be organized before many weeks.

The first and the second were formed in the spring of 1871.

Of the first, the record is not at hand.

The second was organized May 17, 1871, with fifty-two stock-
holders and a capital of $100,000, the time being limited to eight
years.

Each stockholder has one vote, and no one person can hold
more than ten shares.

The Directors at the beginning were Messrs. Tansey, Bowen,
Gullett, Lambert, J. D. Smith, Commons, Bowers, Watson and
Frey.

The payment was required of 25 cents per week per share,
and each stockholder might borrow the fuuds of the association
by bidding the highest therefor, and by giving proper security,
and on condition of forfeiture and foreclosure of mortgage in
case of delinquency.

The third association was formed March 15. 1873, with a time
of seven years, a capital of 1100,000, and a membership of per-
haps fifty.

The Directors were Hardy, Commons, Worthington, Williams,
Downing, White, Hedrick, Hedgepeth and Woodbury.

This company ceased in 1880.

The fourth organization was created in November, 1879.
Limit, eight years. Stockholders, ninety-nine. Stock, $100,-
000. Number of shai'es, 500. Amount of each share, $200.

Directors — Downing, Masslich, J. D. Smith, Fey, Frey, P.
Gray, Norris, Lewis and G. W. Ross.

This last company is now in the second year of its existence.

These companies seem to answer reasonably well the objects
for which they were organized, and to satisfy, on the whole, the
wishes and expectations of their founders and their members.

Some think there is too much risk in them, yet it may be
said, with truth, that there is risk in every business, and those
who do not fancy the risk need not enter them.

It would seem that men are tempted to " bid " too high for
the privileges of "borrowing the funds," not understanding
fully how much larger a per cent they really pay in the operation
than they seem to pay.

The Fifth B. & L. Association is now in progress. It con-
tains au important improvement over its predecessors in the fact
that .-tockh Iders may withdraw their funds with 6 per cent in-
terest by giving ninety days' notice. The principle of "forfeit
lire " incorporated in so many associations of various kinds is nn
injurious, unjust and mischievous feature and should be avoided.
The only case where it is admissible would seem to be where a
" risk is covered.''

In a "savings' bank" or a "bank of deposit," the principle
of "forfeiture," upon ceasing to' make payments, would be out-
rageous and unendurable.

STATISTICS.

Below may be found some statistics relating to finance, popu-
lation, ages, distances, etc., in connection with the county of
Randolph.

It has already been seen that up to 1830, or for twelve years
of its corporate existence, the "county taxes" fell short of
$1,000.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Of course, there were some state taxes, but probably the
whole public impost at that time would not double that small
amount, To show the immense increase of wealth and taxation
as well, we give some statistics referring to various years, as fol- .

Taxes for the separate townships —

White River— 1845, $2,326; 1865, $31,000.

Washington— 1845, $1,182; 1805, $15,000.

Greensfork-1845, $1,092; 1865, $13,000.

Stony Creek— 1845, $754; 1865, $9,000.

Nettle Creek— 1845, $645; 1865. $11,000.

West River— 1845, $768; 1865, $13,000.

Greon -1845, $848; 1865, $8,000.

Ward-1845, $1,088; 1865, $10,000.

Jackson— 1845, $598; 1865, $7,000.

Wayne— 1845, $721; 1865, $67,000.

Total— 1845, $10,022; 1865. $153,000.

1878— Taxes, $183,383; assessments, $12,341,221.

1880— Taxes, $163,906; assessments, $11,370,528.

RECEIPTS AND DISBnRSEMENTS.

1868— Receipts, $113,253; disbursements, $84,392; balance,
$28,862.

1877— Receipts, $282,512; disbursements, $211,333; balance,
$71,179; receipts (county), $86,200; disbursements (county),
$73,026.

1881— Receipts, $243,340; disbursements, $176,394; balance,
$66,946; receipts (county), $44,177; disbursements (county),
$29,833.

1868— Jurors, $2,509; salaries, etc., $8,442; poor, $1,370;
bridges. $6,936.

1877— Jurors, $2,407; salaries, etc., $5,539; poor, $4,416;
bridges, $200; township, etc. (on hand during year), $148,747;
Town.ship Trustees received, $80,334.

1881— Jurors, $1,839; salaries, etc., $6,192; poor, $5,598;
bridges, $7,339; township, etc. (on hand during year), $137,680;
Township Trustees received, $99,826.

[The amount for bridges in 1877 is probably a mistake].

TOWNSHIP STATISTICS.

The following table shows the immense amounts handled by
the Township Trustees for 1877:

White River (including Winchester), $16,886: Washington,
$6,979; Greensfork. $7,177; Stony Creek, $3,662; Nettle Creek,
$3,685; West River, $4,609; Green, $3,135; Ward, $5,760;
Jackson, $4,909; Wayne (with Union), $13,293: Monroe (with
Farmland), $6,227; Franklin, $4,012. Total, $80,334.

Of this immense sum handled by them, about $35,000, or a
little loss than half, is levied by the Trustees themselves.

A large portion of this sum is in tlieir hands continuously,
and on their power there is practically no check. Theoretically,
they are limited to a certain rate, but as a matter of fact, by bor-
rowing from one fund to another, as also by actual borrowing
from private parties on the credit of the township, almost any
amount desired can be commanded by those well-nigh omnipo-
tent officials, which whole matter of "borrowing" is believed to
ba without warrant of law, if not in direct violation thereof.

It may be clearly seen from these figures that no officer in the
land has so much power in levying taxes and spending public
money as these same Township Trustees, and yet it is a fact that
no official has so little check upon his actions and so little atten-
tion paid to his official coarse as does he. Verily, such a thing
ought not so to be.

FINANCES. 1880.

Treasurer's report— On hand June 1, 1880, $74,621,71; re-
ceived since, $169,652.39. Total, $244,274.10. Disbursed,
$177,343.80; on hand June, 1881, $66,930.30.

County revenue— Handled, $45,047.87; paid out, $30,837.-
16; on hand, $14,210.91.

Statement of funds in hands of Trustees, year ending March,
1881, as per reports to Auditor's office and on file therein:

White Kivei- «13,989 80 18,938 37 tfS.OSl 43

Washingtou 6,558 32 5,103 47 1,855 85

Greensfork 6,460 35 5,584 43 875 83

Stony Creek 4,3.33 93 3,108 46 1,245 46

Nettle Creek 4,987 88 3,26119 1,736 69

West Rivei- 4,78174 ,3,20103 1,586 71

Green 4,683 40 2,945 13 1,737 37

Ward 6,613 24 4,955 25 1,656 99

Monroe 6,054 35 4,475 63 1,578 73

Jackson 5,754 83 3,2.55 91 3,498 93

Wayne 10,97119 3,76130 7,209 89

Franklin 3,986 71 3,027 37 1,959 44

Totals $79,593 63 $50,616 43 $38,977 20

Statement from Trustees' report October, 1881, for transac-
tions during six months from April, 1881 :

Townships. Handled. Eipinded. On Hand.

•Franklin $1,983 85 $557 60 $1,453 25

Stony Creek 4,089 72 3,097 93 1,99179

Wayne 11,773 11 4,294 87 7,477 24

Nettle Creek 4,449 93 2,892 18 2,0.57 74

Green 4,22154 2,682 17 1,. 589 37

White River 10,318 14 5,344 54 4,873 60

Wasliinglon 6,628 34 .3,394 24 3,332 10

Green^ifork 5,001 85 2,265 24 2,786 61

Jackson 4.779 53 1,977 70 2,80183

Ward 4,763 31 1,319 60 8,444 01

+Monroe 9,25193 6,-588 66 2,663 37

West River (report not obtained.)

TOWN SCHOOL TREASURERS, OCTOBER, 1881.

4,621 00 4,183 77

$6,198 63 $13,470 46

$234 34

HEAVY TAX-PAYEES.

The following list of assessments as published in 1881 for
that year, possesses interest as showing who are large property
holders of the county.

Of course the sums stated show the amount owned by each,
only comparatively, for reasons that need not be enumerated.
The list shows the persons and the firms whose assessments ex-
ceed $10,000, the names being given in alphabetical order:

Willson Anderson, Greensfork $10,150

William Anderson, Cnion Citv 16,190

Edmund L. Anderson, Union City 10,445

Benjamin F. Bundy 11,650

Thomas >I. Browne, Winchester 18, 1 35

John Brooks 11,610

Ephraim L. Bowen, Greensfork 13,085

Simeon Branham, Union City 18,915

Bowers A: Brother, Union City 14 075

Andrew Cortner 12,515

James J. Clayton '. 13,900

,Tohn W. Clayton 17,950

James S. Cottom, Winchester 17,760

HISTORY OF RAND01.PII COUNTY.

John J. Cheney, WincUesk-r 14,650

Samuel Caylor, Green Township 31,605

Nathan Cadwallader, Union City 22,655

Frederick Davis 13,360

Mark Diggs (heirs), Nettle Creek 14,455

Susannah Diggs, Nettle Creek 12,615

Peri-y Fields, Ward Township 10.530

Robert S. Fisher (heirn), Union City 28.520

John Fisher, 8r. (heirs). Union City 13,700

John B. Goodrioli (heirs), Winchester 16,330

WiUlam a. Green, Sr., Union City 13,815

Jehu Hiatt, Winchester 16,955

Adam Hirsch, Winchester 18,605

William M. Hunt 11,620

Peter Hoovtr, Wayne Township 14,445

Elias F. Halliday. 'Fai-mlnnd 10,730

John Jenkins, West River Township 10, 170

.Joseph R. Jackson, Union City 22,700

Joseph Keys 12,ia5

Thomas W. Klzer, Winchester 20,660

Henry P. Kizer, Winchester 13,04-5

Philip Kable, Sr 16,860

Dennis Kelley, Winchester 10,960

JohnKoontz, Union City 30,185

Raphael Kirschbaum. Union Citv 16,820

Kbschbaum & Co., Union City 13,150

Moses Lasley, White River 17,110

C. C. Monks, Winchester 12,946

James Moorman, Winchester 362,170

Elisha Martin, Sr., White River 12,690

Zimri Moffltt, White River 17,765

Jesse B. McKinney, Fairvicw 48,0.S5

Joseph Meeks, Green Township 14,200

Arthur McKew, Ridgevillc 32.620

David Mosier 10,270

Nathan Reed, Winchester 18,620

John Richardson, Winchester 11,855

Amos Rockliill (heirs) 15,710

Clark Reed 10,960

Roberts Starbuck 17.860

Asahel Stone 51,&10

Benjamin R. Shaw, Spartansburg 11,450

Gideon Shaw, Winchester 15,495

Isaac Smith 14,270

Philip Shiveling, Br. (heirs) 11,620

Samuel H. Shockney, Wayne Township 13,200

William K. Smith, Union City 13,900

Turpen & Harri.s. Union City 17,135

Thomas Ward, Winchester 72,695

Moorman Way, Winchester 39,535

Hai-vey Wysong, White River 10,885

Edward Wright (heirs) 20,096

Willis C. Wilmore, White River 14,700

Lemuel Wiggins, Losantville 17,970

Israel F. Wirt (heirs). Green Township 15,585

James M. Warren, Ward Township 12,550

John R. Warren, Ward Township 16,990

Dolph Warren, Jack.son Township 30,920

James Wnodliury, Wayne Town.ship 11,125

Withain ifc Anderson .t Company, Union City 23,780

William n. Wood 14,63,5

Total 11,618,105

The assessments belonging to Union City in the above list
amount to a total of $282,il75.

The assessments belonging to residents of Winchester amount
to $632,305.

It is a remarkable and suggestive fact that the comparatively
small capital located at Union City sustains, many timed the vol-
ame of business that the moneyed men of Winchester carry on.
Indeed, nearly the entire business activity of the county seat is
imder the control of men whose names are not found in the above
list.

Many of the active men of Union City fall below the grade
of assessment stated above; still, most of the capital in Union
City is actively employed.

It is probably the case in the small towns and cities of the
country that active business talent is to a great extent united to
a limited capital, which fact, although, like poverty, it increases
the energy and sharpens the business shrewdness, yet is found
to be sometimes greatly inconvenient and vexatious.

It may be remarked of Union City that the fortunes there
have been acquired within a comparatively short time, andalmo.st
wholly as the result of enlightened busiuV^s activity.

However, one town should not set itself against another, but
the citizens of each and of all ought to realize that the true ad-
vantage of wealth lies in the fact that it confers power upon the
jxissessor to add more largely to the'activity and the comfort of
the community as a whole, and of each one as individual citizens;
and that he is the greatest benefactor who draws from his ca[)i-
tal, be ii small or large, the greatest amount of productive
labor, coupled with the largest and surest wages.

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10.5 4.0 8.5,15.9,10.0
10 7il4.l|ll.5 9.0.14,

9I14.

14.513.4j....
3.012.i
7.013.6
4.0] 9.5

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

r RANDOLPH COCTNTT.

1840, 10,684; 1850, 14,725; 1860, 18,997; 1870, 22,862;
1880, 26,768.

1800—4,740. 1810— 23, 582; increase, 18,842. 1820—140,-

988; incre^e, 125,406. 1830-343,028; increase, 196,040.

1840—685,866; increase, 342,838. 1850—988,416; increase,

. 302,550. 1860—1,350,428; increase, 302,012. 1870—1,680,637;

increase, 330,209. 1880—1,978,329; increase, 297,692.

Franklin— 1870, 1,537; 1880, 1,649; increase, 112.
Green— 1870, 1,034; 1880, 1,140; increase, 106.
Groensfork— 1870, 2,043; 1880, 2,127; increase, 84.
Jackson— 1870. 1,349; 1880, 1,379; increase, 30.
Monroe— 1870, 1,662; 1880, 1,900; increase, 238.
Nettle Creek— 1870, 1,459; 1880, 1,469; increase, 10.
Stony Creek-1870, 1,212; 1880, 1,338; increase, 126.
Ward- 1870, 1,614; 1880, 1,862; increase, 248.
"Washington— 1870, 2,051; 1880, 2,339; increase, 288.
Wayne-1870, 1,781; 1880, 1,716; decrease, 65.
Union City— 1870, 1,437; 1880, 2,478; increase, 1,041.
West Eiver— 1870, 1,612; 1880. 1,747;
White River— 1870, 2,613; 1880, 3,288;
Winchester- 1870, 1,456; 1880, 1,965; increase, 509.
Total— 1870, 22,860; 1880. 26,758; increase, 3.898.
Union City (Ohio side)— 792.

POPULATION OF THE TOWNS IS

Union City 3,478

Winchester 1,965

Ridgeville 775

Farmland 669

Lynn 339

Spartansburg 309

Morristown 309

Huntsville 16B

Bloomingport 141

Saratoga 136

Windsor 134

Harriaville 112

Arba 109

Deerfield 108

Fairview 100

New Pittsburg 80

Maxville 63

Randolph 54

Rural 37

Unionsport 37

I 1880.

Buena Vista

Bartonia

South Salem

(estimated)

Emmetsville

Pleasant View

New Dayton

Stone Station

Olive Branch

New Lisbon

AUensvillc

Snow Hill

Shedville

Middletown

Castle (P.O.)

NetT(P. 0.)

Fallen Timber (P. O.)

Total

POPULATION 1 88(

(3reen 1,040

Franklin 874

Greensfork 1,809

Jackson 1,399

Monroe 1,013

Nettle Creek 1,417

Stoney Creek 1,304

Ward 1,570

Washington 1,932

Wayne 1.716

White River

West River

Total

Total— 1870

Increase

. .3,388
. .1,634

TOWNS.

Square MII'<S.

Acre..

Population
Square Mile.

Z"i:r.:.

Franklin

24
331

48i
80
25i
33f

S'

44
45
40

; 74

15,360
,21.600
30,040
19,200
16,300
30,730
18.000
33.040
28,260
28,800
25,600
47,360

47,5

33.8

43.85

46

75

45.3

47.6

51.7

.53.16

97.1

44.9

73,8

13.5

19

Greensfork

Jf-''son

14

Mc:,roe

NriJe Creek . .

8.5
14

13.4

W--d

T.|;i ;;r;ngton

W?3t RiVeV .'.'.'.'.'. '.'.'.'.'.".'. '. '..'. '. \
White River

12

6.6
14.25

8.79

T0WN3.

over 70.

Total Ages.

Average Age.

One to so

Green

18
11
44
30
31
24
28
23
38
4.5
31
46
•18
24

3! ■

lissi

1,587
1,798
2,138
1,595
3,835
3,463
1,546
3,434
1,375
1,785

75.6

75.'3

76.5

75.5

75.0

76.4

73.5

74,6

77

73,0

74,7

74,16

74,4

Greensfork . .

48.3

69

95

47.8

Ward

49

Wayne.

90

77

109

West River

79

Total

380

38,606

75,37

70.5

Below average of population, seven.
Above average of population, seven.
Highest average to population. Stony Creek.
Lowest average to population. Union City.
Below average ago, seven.
Above average age, seven.
Highest average age, Franklin,
Lowest average age. Union City.

In August, 1862, when the regiments must be sent forward,
and yet there was no money to pay their bounty. Gov. Morton
first thought of appealing to the soldiers to go. He tried it with
one regiment. " i'es," said they, " because you ask it, but for
no other reason. "

He quit that, and ^ent to the banks. The first said, sharply,
"None to spare.''

Next was Stoughton Fletcher:

" What do you want? "

" Money." .

" Get out; got none," growled Fletcher.

" But I must have it."

' ' How much ? "

"Fifty thousand dollars."

"What security?"

" None but my individual name."

"Bah! " roared he; "what have you to put it in?"

"Nothing."

Fletcher picked up an old basket and piled into it $50,000 in
bank notes.

"There; give me a memorandum. Let me hear that the

Morton got $50,0()0 at Fletcher & Sharpe's, and $50,000 at
Harrison's.

Next day was Sunday. Monday, he tried again, and with

Alfred Harrison went to Cincinnati and got $250,000 of Mark
E. Beeves, going on Monday and returning on Tuesday.

Thus he obtained •■$550,000 in three days — enough to pay
seventeen regiments.

But now the money had all to be raised again to pay it back.
It was in vain to appeal to the Legislature; they were lukewarm
or ho.stile; something else must be done. He determined to ap-
peal to the people.

The response \vas prompt. Marion County gave $20,000;
Wabash, $10,000; Hendricks, $10,000; Decatur, $6,000; Henry,
$6,000; Tippecanoe, $5,000; Delaware, $5,000; Fayette, $5,000.
Twenty citizens of Richmond loaned $20,000; President McK,,
Terre Haute & Indianapolis Railroad, $10,0(X); the Terre Haute
& Indianapolis Railroad itself, $10,000. And so on till there
lacked but $250,000, But whence was that to come?

He went to Washington. Lincoln said, " I would, but I
can't; go and see Chase."

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Chase said, " No, we can't. Do -what you can, and let the
rest go."

Then to Stanton. Stanton -was the man for a pinch. Mor-
ton told him all, and what Lincoln said and Chase said. Stan-
ton raised himself to his full height: ''You must have the
money, and you shall; and I will read them the law for it:"
and, pulling down a law book from the shelf, cried, " There's
the law, fits you to a T; for your State is threatened with rebell-
ion." (Law of 1801, to arm and equip men in a State threat-
ened with rebellion. )

He drew his warrant for $250,000, appointed Gov. Morton
his disbursing agent. The " War Governor " went to the treas-
ury, got his pile, and went home triumphant.

It was six weeks after the loan before the money was returned
to the banks, but they charged no interest.

These sums were afterward repaid by State authority, and
Gov. Morton's heroic rashness was grandly vindicated !

rNDIANA--A SKETCH— O. H. SMITH.

Indiana was born in 1810, with 05,000 people within her
borders not very many years ago. A few counties only were or-
ganized The whole middle, northern and northwestern portions
were an unbroken wilderness and held by the Indians. Well do
I remember when there were but two families settled west of the
Whitewater — one at Flat Rock, above llushville; and one on
Brandywine, near Greenfield.

When I first saw the spot where Indianapolis stands, the
whole region east to the Whitewater and west to Wabash \'as
woods — woods — nothing but woods. No roads, no bridges, no
farms, no houses, no fields, no crops, no orchai'ds, no barns, no
harvests.

Years afterward, the courts were held in log cabins, and the
jury sat under trees. I was Prosecutor at the Indian murder trials
at Pendleton. The court was held in a double log cabin. The
Grand Jury sat on a log in the woods, and the foreman signed
the bills on his knee. Not a juror had shoes on; all wore moc-
casins; all were belted round the waist, and carried side knives.
Travel was by horse, or foot, or canoe, and the pack-horee was
the grand medium of commerca

Many a time have I crossed the swollen .stream, swimming my
horse and paddling the canoe by his side. I stood, but as yes-
terday, on the site of Indianapolis, when scarcely a stick was
amiss. I passed through the wilds of Marion on my pony when
the bear, the wolf, the deer, were frightened before my steps, and
wildly bounded to their secret lairs.

I remember when the semi-monthly ox-wagon of John Hager
carried all that came to Indianapolis, and was the only link that
bound that infant metropolis to outside civilization.

Behold! how all things stand changed as by a magic wand,
as they lie bright and beautiful before onr astonished gaze of to-
day!

[Written by O. H. S. many years ago, and much more won-
derful to-day (1882) as to amazing extent of substantial progress
of the commonwealth, the West, and the whole country!]

In early times there lived in Indiana George Boone, a de-
scendant of Daniel Boone, nearly seven feet high, large-boned
and heavy-muscled, and such feel — thick, long, broad, beyond
anything ever seen or known before. George was a State Sena-
tor, and while Senator he used to tell this tale with great gusto,
as follows;

"At eighteen years old I took a fancy to go sparking. It was
late in the fall, but not cold enough to wear shoes. Sunday
evening came. I dressed in my butternut best, six months old,
pantaloons not far below my knees, coat tight as an eel skin on a
hoop-pole. I went barefooted, wading the creeks and bottoms
till I got to where my dulcinea lived. They were at supper, with
mush and milk and plenty of it. The old lady handed me a
large bowl. I reached, but struck the big milk pitcher, and over
went the milk upon the table. Sally went roaring into the other
room. It was all over with me and I saw no more of Sally.
The clock struck 10. The old h'dy said: 'Won't you wash your

feet and go to bed?' ' Yes, ma'am.' ' Well, here is an iron poi'
I took it, but could get my feet in only by crowding them in
sideways. I got them in, but they began to swell tighter and
tighter till they hurt me so that the .sweat rolled oft' my chin.
The clock struck il. 'Mr. Bocne, are you not done washing
your feet r' 'What did this pot cost.'' "A dollar.' 'Here is
your dollar, bring me the ax.' I took the ax, broke the pot, opened
the door, and 'put' for home, and have never seen the old lady
since. I met Sally at a ooru-husking some years later, and she
roared out laughing."

As Senator and in business lifathis " big-footed Hoosier' was

ADVICE — O. H. SMITH.

Touch not the bowl, it is only evil and leads to ruin; it is
not needful, but harmful and deadly. I am now sixty-two years
old, and have trod the soil of Indiana for near forty years. I
have borne the rough exposure of a new country and a harsh and
changeful climate. I have swam rivers, I have slept in the
woods, I have fasted long. I have borne all, and for forty years
have not tasted liquor. I have stood firm in high life and before
the chiefs in State and Nation, and I am hale and hearty. I
scarcely know what sickness is. Take my advice, for I think it
safe to follow.

H. SMITH.

When I came to the State, March, 1817, not a railroad was
in the United States, nor a canal west of the Alleghany Moun-
tains (east of them, neither). The telegraph was not; fire was
struck by a flint and steel; not a foot of turnpikes in the State;
plank roads had not been heard of; girdled trees covered the
fields; the shovel-plow the only cultivator; no roads west of the
Whitewater (nor north of it); not a bridge in the State; travel
ing all on horseback or on foot, the husband in front with a child
or two in his lajj, the wife behind with others in hers: not a car-
riage nor a buggy in the State. Mr. Lovejoy brought an open
buggy from New England to Connersville; I borrowed it to ride
to Wayne County, but gave it up, fearing the people would think
me too proud and "stuck up," and that they would not vote for
me for Congress. The finest farms near Connersville, with all
improvements, were worth $5 to 110 per acre. The finest stall-
fed beef was 11.25 per hundred; com, 10 cents; wheat, 12J
cents; wood, $] a cord delivered. The first year my fees fell
short of S200. When they reached $300, I felt as rich as Croe-
sus. My debts were paid. I had money in my pocket and I was
•' happy. "

TRAVELING THE CIRCUIT — O. H. SMITH.

We were bound for Fort Wayne. We reached Winchester,
put up at Paul W. Way's, and, in the morning, set out on our
wilderness journey. There were two ways —the "Godfroy Farm"
and the " Quaker Trace."' Mr. Raridon chose the latter. By
noon we had reached the Wabash — a big one-half day's ride,
thirty miles o/ more. "Shall we tie or turn loose," said I.
" You could not drive Old Gray from me," said Mr. Kariden,
and Judge Eggleston; "My Indian pony will never leave me."
I made no promise for my Gray Fox. We turned them loose.
Old Gray stuck up his ears and oil he galloped, and off went the
pacing pony. My Fox lingered, but soon he went also. A week
afterward they were brought to us at Winchester on our return.
They had been taken up at Fort Defiance, Ohio. Thompson lived
on Townsend's Prairie ten miles away. We hung our saddles
and bridles on the trees, shouldered saddle-bags and footed it
through, completely fagged. Just as we got there a fearful
storm broke. All night long dowQ poured the rain, but what
cared we? Corndodgers, boiled squirrels and sassafras tea, and
then bear-skins on the floor, and sleep as sweet as mortal ever

Our saddles were brought next morning. AVe got ponies from
the landlord and hurried on in time for co\u-t.

Fort Wayne had then about 200 people and Allen County
fifty votes. Court was held and adjoarnad, and we went to an

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

235

Inditan horae-riico at Chief llichardsville's, up the St. Maiy's
RivtT. AVe retiu'neJ to Winchester on oui- boiTowed ponies,
took our own horses, and were in time for court at Centerville.

; but Indian jiaths through the

John Conner was one <rf nature's noblemen. Ho had been
taken by the Shawnees when a lad. and raised among them.
When dressed and painted, it was hard to tell him from a sav-
age. Once he came to Andersontown, then a lodge of the Chief
Andorsou. Conner ]iretended to be a Shawnee and a representa-
tive of Teoumseh. He took his seat on a log just in sight and
waited, smoking his ])ipe. I will let him tell the rest: "Soon
Chief Anderson came to me. T rose; we exchanged pipes, with-
out a word. He pointed to a benr-skin. I sat down with my
back to the chief. Soon I saw an Indian, Zileoway, who knew me
well, eyeing me. I tried to evade him, but he bawled out, 'You
great Shawnee— you John Conner." The whole camp burst into
a roar. Chief Anderson ran up to me, ' You great representa-
tive of Tecumseh,' with a loud laugh."

William Conner, brother to John Conner, also taken by the
Indians, knew many Indian liinguages, and often acted as inter-
preter at Indian treaties. Ho was with Gen. Hnn-ison at Fort
Meigs, marched up the Maumee and was] at the battle of the
Thames, and first recognized the dead Tecumseh on the field
after the fight. When asked, '' Who killed Tecumseh^" he al-
ways said: "Gen. HarrLson or CoL Johnson, the commanders —
one or the other —no one can tell which.

I was going to Pendleton to attend the " Indian mwder'" tri-
als. On Thursday, I mounted "Gray Fox." The only way was
through Indianapolis, a ;;mall village in the woods. I stayed at
Indianapolis over night, and passed up Falls Creek, oast side.
The west side was the main track, but the water was high and
muddy, and I thought the east side the safest without crossing.
There were no bridges in those days. The day was dark and
drizzling. My path ended ten miles from Indian<ip<)lis. Turn-
ing the head of "Gray Fox" west, the creek, muddy, sullen and
deep, was soon in sight. Fox plunged in and swam the main
channel beautifully, but the moment ho struck the overflowed
bottom, he began to sink and plunge. The water was about four
feet deep; the girth broke; I seized the stimiji leather with one
hand and Fox's long mane with the other. He dragged me
through water and mud to the shore. My hat was gone, but what
mattered that, so I got to court. Fox bounded on like a reindeer,
and before night I was seated with the other lawyers round a
liuge log-tire at Long's Hotel.

ANECDOTE -BY .JONAS VOTAW.

In the early days of Jay County, Ind.. a Dutchman who lived
north of Portland had got some new sh(3es, and his wife put
them on to go some three miles throiigh the woods to a neigh-
bor's. She did not retui-n, and her husband thought her lost.
They started with torches to hunt her up after dark. They
found her track by the print of the new shoes — " Yaw. dat is my
Phrona: I know te new shoes." By and by the track showed
a bai'e foot

" Oh, Phrona! " cried he, " you haf lost my new shoes! " and as
they tracked the bare feet through the mud, he kept wailing,
" Oh, Phrona, Phrona! My new shoes are lost ! my now shoes

After awhile, they got to the house, and there she was. safe
and sound.

The poor man rushed up to her, exclaiming. "Oh, Phrona!
what haf you tone witli mv new shoes? "

They were too large and heavy, and she had taken them off
and carried them in her hand; and she showed him his new shoes,
and he was happy.

(Note.- The travel was to Fort AVay
id once been Randolph.)
I had not vet visited Allen Coimtv, S(

nd that whole

north

of Randolph. There

Early in May. I turned my pony's head north for Fort Wayne.
The streams were high, and the land under water for miles. I
had a small Indian pony, a good swimmer, a fine pacer and a
splendid traveler.

I left the Mississinewa, and, the same day, reached Godfrey's
Farm. The chief was at Fort Wayne. A squaw came out.
She could not S2jeak English, but pointed to Fort Wayne. I
pointed to the stable, to my horse, to my mouth, and then laid
my head on my hands, shut my eyes and began to snore. She
seized the bridle. I dismounted. She fed the pony. Night
came. Supper was had — corn bread, venison and sassafras tea.
A boar-skin was spread on the floor for a bed, and some tall
sleeping occm-red.

In the morning, an Indian came along who could talk a little
English, and I hired him for $2 a day to guide me over the Sal-
amonio and the Wabash. We mounted, and off we st;u"ted. He
galloped away, and was soon out of sight. I found him, how-
ever, at the Salamonie.

The ponies swam the flood finely, and away for the Wabash.

I had no food and no weapon.

The moment we reached the river, the Indian peeled some
hickory bark, and spanceled (tied) the legs of the horses. I sat
on the bank. He plunged into the woods, and. in an horn', came
back, bringing the bark of a hickoiT tree twelve feet long and
three feet wide. He made a canoe. I got in at one end, put my
saddle, etc., in the other, seized the paddle and was soon across
the W' abash. It was a "close fit." for the water came within an
inch of the top of the canoe.

Tlie Indian and the jwnies swam the river.

And now tlio Indian had kept his promise. Ho held up two
fingor.s. I paid him $2, and he went to the south and I to the
north.

I came to a lake, and, fearing to try it, I turned to the top of
an old beech, tied my pony to a limber tree and lay down, hun-
gi-y and tired.

The wolves soon began to howl, and I went to sleep by the
sound of their music. I slept soundly, and the next day, at the
Fort Wayne Hotel, I did justice to the dinner, for I had fasted
since early breakfast at Godfrov's farm the day before.

I made a speech and went home, and in the whole county of
Allen I got just ten votes to pay me for my fearful trip!

•■ I'm toUl, ill riding some\yhere West,
A slmn;ier found a Hoosier's nest ;
111 other words, ii small pole cabin.
Just large enough to jiut ' Queen Mab ' in.

" Its situation, low but airy,
Was on the border of a prairie ;
And, fearing he might get benighted,
'He hailed the house,' and then alighted!

'■ The Hoosier met him at the door—
Their salutations soon were o'er—
lie took the stranger's horse aside,
And to a stm'dy sajiling tied !
Then, having stripped the saddle off,

._, :c closing with a pin;

And showed forthwith a strong desire
To .seat him by the log-heap Are,
Where half a dozen Hoosieroons
Were busy with their pewter spoons !

" Willi mush and milk, and dirty faces,
They seemed inclined to keep their plac
But Madam, eager to display
" r rough, but undisputed sway-
offspring to the ladder led,

(Ted her young ones off to bed I
shortly to partake
ison, milk and Johnny cake,

Her offspring I
And eulTed her

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

One side was lined with divers g
The other spread with ' skins of vai-mints.
Dried pumpkins overhead were strung,
And venison hams in plenty hung ;
Two rifles placed above the door-
Three dogs lay stretched along the floor.

" In short, tlie domicile was rife.
With specimens of Hoosier life ;
The host, who centered his affections
On game, and range, and quarter aections.
Discoursed his weary guest for hours,
'"'" ' U-composing powers

" And then— but how the story ended
It mattei-s not. What I intended
Is to apply the Scottish poet.
That all who rend may surely know it

' Tliat biirljr chiels and clever hizzies,
Are bred in sic a land as this is.' "

(We insert some biographies of n
ms.)

sidents for obvious rea-

EDW.IRD EDQER. SR.

Edward Edger, Sr., father of the present Edrvard Edgor, was
born in Scotland about 1750, and died in 1833.

He brought eight children to America, and one was born in
America.

Ho never used spectacles, either to read or to write. He
never lost a tooth, never was sick a day, and never paid a dollar's
doctor bill.

The Sabbath before he died, he read in the Bible all day.

Some thirteen years after his death, his remains were removed,
and his heart was found to have become ossified.

He was a farmer by vocation. Ho came to America in 1807;
removed to Virginia and lived one year; went to Kentucky and
resided several years, and finally settled at Castiue, Darko Co.,
Ohio, where he died and was buried.

Of his children, one son and one daughter are still living.
The surviving son is Edward Edger, who resides at Winchester,
Randolph Co., Ind. an old man, and a long time resident of the
county.

KEMINISCENCE— REBECCA JULIAN, WAYNE COUNTY.

Eead Old Settlers' meeting, June, 1803.

(Date of commencement, before 1811. She lived in Wayne
County. Wayne County was settled in 1805; Randolph, in
1814; battle of Tippecanoe, 1811.)

The country was an entire wilderness, except here and there
a cabin, with (perhaps not) a small family. We were in fine
spirits till the battle of Tippecanoe (1811). After that, we lived
in constant fear, and passed many sleepless nights. At length,

some soldiers" were sent to our fort ( ) for our protection.

My husband served as a volunteer three months, but was not
called from the fort.

The Indians harmed none who were known to bo peaceable.
They killed a young man, Shortridge, but he had on the dross of
another who had threatened the Indians, and it is thought they
mistook him for that other.

In the spring following, Charles Morgan and his two half-
brothers were killed at their sugar camp and scalped, and one of
them thrown into the fire. This took place about six miles from
us. These dangers gave us trouble for two or throe years, and
drove us from home; but peace came, and we returned with glad
hearts.

To make homes in the heavy timber was hard work, but the
settlers were hearty and strong, and in good spirits, and took to
their work with a will. The men cleared the ground and rolled
the logs, and built the dwellings and the barns and the fences,
and the women often went to help cook, and we had lirstrate
timea Many modern diseases we had never heiu-d of — dyspepsia,
neuralgia, etc., etc. It was not fashionable then to be weakly
and puny and helpless. Wo would take our spinning-wheels and
walk two or three miles to a spinning- frolic, and, after supper,
we would take tho wheels and walk home again, and feel good

over it. We took no special pride in having soft, lily-white
hands. Our hands were made for tise, and we needed them, and
we used them. We did not keep them simply to be looked at.

MICAJAH MORGAN, WAYNE COUNTY, IND.

Micajah Morgan was bom in 17U5, in North Carolina; his
wife, in 18(H). He died in 1800. His wife is living yet, with
her son. Dr. R. H. Morgan, Spartansburg, Randolph Co., Ind-

Mr. Morgan came to Richmond in 1808, and to the old Mor-
gan place, south of Arba, in 1818. He was an upright, honest
C'hristian man, of the Quaker faith.

It is said of him that he would sell com only to his poor
neighbors, and at a moderate price— say 25 cents. Though corn
went up to $1, he still sold for his price, and only a grist at a
time, that his poor neighbors might have the advantage of h\^
generosity.

He had eleven children, seven now living. Six of the sev.'
are boys, all of whom were in the Union army. None were ki]lo<
nor died in service; only one was wounded, and all the six ar

His sons in the army were:

Thomas, Twelfth Indiana, scout in Kentucky; Sergeant Fifth
Indiana Cavalry; was in Eastern Army, and in many battles;
discharged at close of war; served about four years; enlisted at
Richmond in 1801; mustered out 1805; now a merchant in Col-
umbus, Ind.; one son, a lawyer, in Columbus, Ind. ; three daugh-
ters, married, one in Grant County, two at Columbus, Ind.

Chai-les, Forty-fifth Indiana, captured near Jackson, Miss. ;
lay in a dungeon sixty days at Jackson, nearly dying of starva-
tion; an old acquaintance, who had gone South, and was Quar-
termaster in the rebel army, recognized him. and got him released
from the dungeon; he was kept a prisoner six months, and set
free; ho was with Banks up Red River, with Butler at New Or-
leans, and elsewhere; ho served to tho end, mustering in and out
at Indianapolis; he resides in Wells County, Ind.; is a farmer,
and has five children.

Robert H. (account under the head of " Physicians ").

(xeorgo (account under Groensfork Township).

William, Seventy fifth Indiana, sapper and miner; wounded
and disabled; detailed into the Invalid Coq«; discharged at the
close of the war; lives in Randolph County; is a farmer, anU
has six children.

Clarkson, Fifty-seventh Indiana; captured near Perryville
prisoner at Danville, Va. ; discharged ; is a blacksmith at Arba,
and has two children.

W. A- Peelle was born in North Carolina in 1820; studied
law at Winchester, and admitted to tho bar in 1840; resided at
Marion 1845; settled at Winchester in 1840; became Prosecut
ing Attorney in 1848; was elected Judge in 1854, and Seeretarj-
of State for Indiana in 1800, having been defeated in 1858, anu
again in 1862.

Ho resumed the practice of law at Centorville in 1804, iim
that city has been his residence ever since that time until lately,
residing now at Richmond.

He was made Judge of the Criminal Court in 1807; was ;
member of the Legislature for Wa3me County, in 1807.

Judge Peelle was hotly engaged in the fierce contest that was
waged in Wayne County over tho removal of their county sent
from Centorville to Richmond. He c:u-ried on the fight with ai:
energy and desperation worthy of success, but fate was against
him and he had to yield.

His life has been an active one in polities and in the busine.ss
of his profession. He was a Whig, and is a Republican.

His early life was characteristic. He studied by the log fire
of his log-cabin home, or by a blaze made of hickory bark;
taught school at sixteen, audonwiird till 1842, some seven years;
began to study law in 183y, and was admitted to practice in 1845.

His father came to Indiana in 1820, when William A. was
one year old.

After his admission to the bar, be spent some time at Marion,
Ind., but he soon retm'ned and settled at Winchester.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

237

At Centerville, he piu'chased the residence of Ifon. O. P.
Morton, but, when the county seat was removed, there was noth-
ing left bat to get away.

He is a good lawyer and an energetic worker, not polished
in speech nor manner, but clear, plain and forcible, and some-
times fiery in his surpassing enthusiasm.

Judge Peellehas worthily won the reputation he so gallantly
beara.

Nancy (Eichards) Stockdale was born in Maryland in 1790;
married, in 1808, to Eli Stockdale, born in 17SS, died 1845.

They came to Greensfork, Randolph County, in 1835, forty
seven years ago. Her husband died in Greensfork.

In 1855, she moved to Daike County, Ohio, whore she still
resides.

Her husband was a soldier in the war of 1812 for fifteen
months, and she now diaws a pension of $8 per month on his
account.

The old lady is quite strong and healthy. Slie has been hard
of hearing for twenty-five years, but her mind is clear and bright.
She rode to town in a spring wagon, into which she climbed her-
self, with but slight help.

She has had thirteen children, eight living.

David, farmer, north of Spartansburg, Ind.

Henry, money-lender, Union City, Ohio.

Larkin, farmer, Hillgrove, Ohio (lives with him).

Edward, farmer, near Spartansburg, Ind.

Richard, farmer, near Spartansburg, Ind.

Jane (Morrow), California; husband a Presbj'terian clergy-
Susanna (Arnigogch), farmer, Darke County, Ohio.

Mary (Caskey), Union City, Ohio.

It is truly wonderful to the present generation what hard-
ships and privations these heroic souls, remnants of a bygone
age, have endured in their time. The life of this aged grand-
mother dates to the year after the Presidential inauguration of
Gen. Washington, and her life measures almost the whole space
of our constitutional existence as a nation. When she first
opened her eyes upon the light, we were an infant republic,
despised by the old nations, hardly daring to believe in its own
future, striving feebly to carve out an imknown destiny, now a
strong and mighty people of fifty millions of souls. Then, a
narrow string of settlements scattered along the Atlantic coiist;
but now, lo! the whole boundless stretch of continent from ocean
to ocean is om-s!

She is old enough to have seen all the Presidents, since she
was a lass in her tenth year when Washington died. Her life
has witnesed .the entire grovrth of the gigantic West Only a
few thousand ^persons were in the great valley of the Mississippi
at the date of her birth. Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans,
Detroit, were but insignificant villages. Chicago, Cleveland,
Milwaukee, had not been even imagined. Chicago was not begun
till she had passed hor third of a century.

What will the nest ninety years show to the dwellers in this
land, in the year of gi-ace 1982?

!KEB, SWEETSER, IND.

G. Clarkson Tucker, son of Rev. E. Tucker, was b'an in Knox
County, Ohio, in 1840; moved to Randolph County, lud., in
1840; Nora, III., 1854; Liber, Ind., 1859; volunteered in the
One Hundredth Indiana, Company H, September, 18(12; first
with Grant, then with Sherman. The regiment marched with
Grant, in the fall of 1802, to Central Mississippi, and back to
Holly Springs after the capture of the supplies there by Van
Dom; went down near Vicksburg in the spring of 1803; to Jack-
son in pursuit of Jonhston; across Mississippi, Alabama and
Georgia to Chattanooga; into East Tennessee after Longs treot,
and back, fall and winter of 1863; thi-ough Georgia with Sher-
man's conquering columns to Atlanta and the sea; from Savan-
nah to Raleigh, Richmond and Washington; thus accomplishing
a march of I know not how many thousands of miles, east, south,
north, through Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South
Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia. They

were in all the battles fought by the army (jf which thoy were a
part, bearing, with cheerful ardor and untlinching courage, all
the hard.ships and suil'erings which fell to their lot, leaving their
dead behind at every step, but pressing onward, ever onward, to
the goal of victory. The regiment was never captured, and never
driven back in battle. Always forward, right forward, was its
unvarying motto. It had to retrace its stops, indeed, fi-om Cen-
tral Mississippi, but that was the fault of the troops who were
sent (but who failed) to defend the supplies gathered for their

He was but si.xteen years of age, a mere lad, when he on-
listed, but, without a miu-mnr and without a fear, with steadfast
heart and determined will, with his gallant comrades, he trav-
ersed the length and breadth of the land, resolved never to seek
his childhood home again until the work of crushing the rebel-
lion was an accomplished fact. And he achieved his purpose.
The One Hundredth Indiana was a part of the mighty host, vet-
eran and stalwart, bronzed with toil and worn with hardships,
but resolute and determined as ever, that marched in .solid pha-
lanx through the streets of Washington on that wondrous gala
day, in grand review, under the kindly, kindling eye of the com-
manding Generals, especially of that one who, for long years,
had been their especial leader, trusted, tried, wellnigh idolized.

The work of war was done. The reign of peace had come,
and the citizen-soldiers came home to be soldier- citizens.

And grandly did that mighty host undergo that transforma-
tion. A single month after the last regiment was discharged, a
stranger traversing our country would never have dreamed that,
within a brief period, the land had been alive with soldiers and
tilled with marching armies.

The subject of this sketch went forth a mere boy in years, but
firm in purpose, steady of habit and faithful to principle. Ho
retiurned to his home as he went out, only more so — more firm,
more resolute, more settled in the great principles of truth and
liberty, for the defense of which he offered himself to the seiTice
of his country.

And thousands upon thousands of others did the same. The
baptism of war through which tliey passed was to them a holy,
sacred, purifying flood, which brought them into a new and glor-
ious life for God and their fellow-men.

He now resides at McGrawsville, Miami Co.. Ind., between
Marion and Logansport, on the Pan Handle Railroad.

He has resided, since arriving at manhood, at Kingston, Mo. ,
Nora and Lena, 111., Raymond and Midway, Miss., and Union
City, Sweetzor and McGrawsville, Ind.

He has been a teacher, a farmer and a carpenter, and he n(jw
ovras and runs a steam saw-mill at McGrawsville.

He is a Congregationalist and a Republican.

Ho has been twice married. His first wife was Mary Poni-
roy, of Nora, 111., and the second was Emma Toagle, of Grant
County, Ind. He has had three children, all of whom arr ,ving.

He has the reputation of unusual strength. Stories pass
from lip to lip among his acquaintances of the remai'kable feats
ho has performed in this respect.

G. C. Tucker, on the 5th day of June, 1 N65, was hxu-t in the
saw-mill, in which he had been working for several years, by ac-
cidentally having his foot thi'own against the saw in motion.
The limb had to be amputated. Blood-poisoning (pyemia) set in,
and in about ten days, Juno 15, 1805, at about 2 P. M., he de-
parted this life, with a well-grounded hope of a part in the first
resurrection; and his mortal remains were on the next day do
posited, in the presence of weeping family and sympathizing
friends, in the cemetery at Marion, Ind.

nEUNlOMS, s

In the olden pioneer tiiues, weddings were often a very sim-
ple thing. Frequently they were celebrated with no display or
ado. At one occasion of the sort within the knowledge of the
writer, the wedding feast consisted of a bountiful supply of
roasted potatoes, scraped from the ashes and eaten, as the cus
torn was, with salt.

B>it in these later times, occasions of festivities have become
very elaborate and expansive affairs. And, as each age produces

TIISTOUV OF RANDOLPH (^orXTY.

something uow. so. in lliosi' days, wo liavr re unions. sur|>iis('s.
goldeu, silver, diiunuutl, etc., weddiugs. And uspr-cinlly (lie l;i>t
few years have been fruitful insurpises. Thu times M'ii>ctfd in-c

chiefly some anniversary of birth, mari-iago, etc. jMany havr 1 n

hold in the county, some vpry largo, with several liundnd in at
tendance. It would not be easy to state the nK^tliMd eni|iloM.(|,
since no two are alike. Often <me nf tin' Inad^ (if tlirfaniilv is
taken into the secret. Soiuetinirs. li.iwev.T, lu.th are kejii iii
tiroly in the dark until the whole thing l>ursts Middeidy upon
their astonished vision. The party (one or more) to bo sm'iirised
is sometimes enticed from home to give a clear field for the de-
nouement of the plot.

Particulars cannot well be given. SutHcc it to say, the occa-
sions are som-ces of much laboi. consideraldo expense and more
or less astonishment. But the pleasm'e aftbrded to all concerned
is reckonetl to be an abundant recompense for all the outlay in-
curred, of whatever kind.

A\'ithin a few years past, the various sorts of wedding anni-
versaries, golden, silver, etc., have been celeljrated liy a supper
and the bestowal of more or less costly presents.

The anniversary of the wedding of John and Jane Fisher,
who had been married sixty years, was celebrated two or three
years ago with a ku'ge assemblage of relatives and much r(\joic-
ing. The old patriarch has lately been called from earthly labor
and sufl'ering to heavenly peace and rest And so. at the present
writing, has the bereaved widow. Jane Fisher, dying nearly a
year after her husband.

AVeddings themselves have, for a short time past, been made
the occasion, among well-to-do people, of costly, not to say val-
nal)le gifts. Sometimes a mere liiit of the presents Ijostowed tills
half a column in the newspaper publishing a notice of the nup
tial festivities.

It would seem a pity that such costly practices could not be
discouraged and checked. Were none but the wealth v to adopt
the custom, it might not (though useless, even wiDi lii..ini be ^o
harmful. But in this country, no one likes lo h,' lu'liind. and
the general adopticm of so needless, not to say fooli^li, :i euMoin.
will load many into costly outlays who can ill bear the e.\|ieu.^e.

ini le- ivael,,.,! Ins onr Inuidn.d and sixth year. How much

1h. h.Id. lli^, Ide w.i^ brnuglit to :,n uiitieiolv end by an tm-
|onK,.d f.a- ea^ualt^. His bodiK l,r:,lth ,n.d strength had been
^o,,d. and I,- had not eeased to ,„.,lon„ an ,v.. labor on the farm.
Wliil.. n|,o„ ;, load of oat-, «l,iel, «as l.emg driven to the bam,
aftoi- le. had loa-led tie. sh-siv.- a> th-.v were pltdir-l by a boy
from til.. -Iioi-i,. m the nioiitli of Ae^u-i, l^oii. a> the wagon drew
u|. along>id.. the stabh. wle.ro 1h.. t,naiii was to be dejiositod, he
wasso,n,.how jo.th'd fioinih,. loud, and, boing blind, he could
not see to Mil, .Id himself, )-'alliiig upon thenndof a logpro-
jeeting fioii] the (.ornt.r of flie -tahle. his I'ibs wore broken, and
internal injuries were received. Yet ev<'n this did not sufiBcc to
kill the old veteran, but he clung to life .still, lingering on from
August. ]8r>0. till February. LSril, and only dying at the latter
date.

We know not much of his history. It would have been a
thing of interest to trace, had the thing been possible, his jiath-
i way backward into the mists of departed years, and discover the
! momentous events during a life of so unusual duration, and his
I own eonneetion therewith.

\ H- v.a,.- ,-. rhil'l nhoii (;,.„. Washington, himself amere youth,
, ac.|.oiii|>li^lii.d hi- peiilous jouniev. at a risk of life several times
reiH.;,tod. tlu-ou-h the \irginia mountains to the valley of the
Ohio, to u!vo warinnL,' to the Freneh that the English intended
; not lo allow th(.iii an undistiii-bi.d oei^npatioji of that wondrous
! s(>-et..li .,f eounIrN in the M i-si>-.i|.|,i \ allrv, and bearing back
i the auMV.-i- whieh Imriod iVon.h dcUanee against b.nglish threats
! of werni.i- And wh..n thai war closed, ^^\wu the (lallic poyver
j yi..!d..d the content and gav,. the l-'.nglish free >eop,. through that
i whoh. va-^t contnicntal tcnitorv. that a-ed soldier, who died a

OHAJ'^J^Ell XX.

^III.IT.MiV.

RANDOLPH had small conn,.etion « ilh the war..f Indcpm
ence. A few ..Id soldi. ■,■. ,.;,„„. f,, th. •.-,.• wdd-. (.. ^|ieti.l t'
tranquil evening of th.-i'; .lays aim. 1 il,,. W,.,((ji, f.,r..Ms, ()
Kevolutionary veteran li(.s btn'i(.il in l''airvi,.\v C'..iii.'l. ry. .lyii
at the age of ninety yetu's, long, long ago, though (li.. .lat.. ..i' 1
death is not stated.

Another was laid to rest in Mt. Zion (Graveyard, in W hite Kiv
Township, not far from the f..r-ne,. r..<id..'ic.. of William Ke
nedy, himself a picmeer of that r.'-io'i. |.i.iha].s th.. eai.li..-t
settle east of Winchester. He is -lali..l l.i hav l>e..n on., hii
dred and tivo years one month an. I litfi...n .liyr- ol.l. dying Vr
ruary 15, bSul, not, indeed, of weakn.-ss ami old age. but,
will bo presently seen, by a fatal aceident. bringing his life t.
premature close.

The ancient veteran must have been more than twenty-ni
years old at the first rattling of munketry at Ta'xingt.m. an.l "n..ai
forty years of age during the closing *h„uis of the gr.'at sfi-ii
gle for independence. And he lived onthroie^h 1 til an.l (roul

.. h-A

Y ha

■.■nth c

the (•oni;i.;t.^of rng-.'d war..ir inth.. ha.vb lalr,r-..f (li.. w..rk-li..p
..!■ the farm. He was a lad .)t nine \ ear^ when the w.jrld was
.start I. ..1 by thi. .■arth.iuake which tunibled the city of Lisbon to
laihs. an.l wh..lm.>d thousaniLs of her terrified people fathoms
.l..,.|. lH.„..ath th.. wrathful billows of the Atlantic,

Wh.n ih.. v., mil.; repnl)lie.)f th.' W.'^t shouted rejoicing accl a-
mati..iisr..r Ih.. .■]..vati..ii ..f the v.^iici'Mt...! Washington to the chief
magislra.'v .>f th.. iiali.'ji h.. ha.l siiv..d. ou]. soldier had advanced
intoth.. rorly-f.mi-thy,.ar..f his .'aithly i..\ist..nce. He witnessed
the acci'ssion of thirteen Presitleuts, five of whom performed a
double sei-vice.

There yvere doubtless others, perhaps many of them, who
dro])]ied in one by one, accompanying, in their old age, or fol-
h.wing lli..ii s.iiisor their daughters from the yvoru -out lauds east
of !h.. ,\lh.-l!:iiH..s, iiiio the Western Paradise, the grander

This aL;-...l patriar..h was almost threescore years and ten
wh..ii thi. vi.r'. .arliesl ..migrant planted his stake in the soil of
Uan.l.li.h. and li,. hoped, .l.uibtless. \vh..n he changed his domi-
,.il.' fr,.iii th.. laml of th.^ rising t.) that of the setting sun, sim-
|.|\ t.i b.'h il.l wi(h his fiiiling eyesight the pai'adise of the poor
and 111.. Ian.!l.-s, an.l t.. thank G(kV as ho closed bis aged eyes,
f. .1- th.. |ii-. .s|„.ci that his p.isterity yvould enjoy so goodly a land

But k.; thu.m
witness with his o
IS] 4 and progress

. than a generation ho was spared to
m the transformation which began in
rapi.lly increasing ratio to his latest

But he died at last, an.l was l.iiii..d; an.l all of him that was
mortal rests in i.eae,. in th.. sa<.|-..d s .il of Itan.lolph.

The .me wh.) was Iniri.^.l in tie. rrM.'irrv at Fairviow was the
rath..r of Antony .^b•Kil^l..^ . wh.. was hims..|f a j.ionoerof Green

Ab.sh:i<.h l...w,-tllyn. 1 he .■arli..st .>migrant t.) settle in Frank-
lin. \vas an ..M in.in wh.^n lirst li.' plunged into the dark forests
.m Ih.. banks .,ftli.> Mi...sissim.wa.

•famesMassey. too, yvho was among the very first on the same
river above what long afterward came to be the bustling town of
Decrtield, was an old riian.

y^U^^^^^ -^'Qrir^

GEN. SILAS COLGROV

E.

ong the many prominent citizens of this ecu

e entitled

recognition

and popular gratitude than he o

As a pio-

place that is ins

parably a

of Randolph County, and in eac

h of these position

s has ren-

istinguishei

services. He is a native of St

Buben County. N.

e 24th of May, 1816. His educ

ational advantages

in youth

mitcd, being only such as the common sch

ools of early days

afforded.

ructions there received were th

e groundwork for

a rich and

tore of usef

ul knowledge, acquired by patien

t study at leisure

imes, and

nergy and d

iligence, he has risen to the firs

sion. He

fa family 0

eighteen children, of whom aU

ut one grew to ma

tunty and

)hio, and others in Indiana, Illinois, Minnes(
n 1837, the subject of this sketch was united in marriage with J
Hone, in New York, and in the fall of the same year left home with
West. He was accompanied as far as Winchester, Ind. , by some rel
rate to Illinois, butatthispoiut he took leave of them, having.
. He began the study of law at his home in New York, complet
aration in the office of Zachariah Puckett, one of the early at
ter. He was admitted to the bar of Randolph County in 18!

)unties of Randolph, Henry, Wayne. Jay, Blackford. Grai
hich capacity he served two years. In 1856, he was electe
le State Legislature, from the district composed of the

n New York, three ii

•cely ctpired when the sli
a company f(

ill of ei

■the 6

»s that of a

,0 the Eighth

But in three days he had i
jefore they left for Indianapolis, he was elected Ca
Of this number, 100 were accepted for the three mc
returning to their homes. This company was assign
and Captain Colgrove was commissioned Lieutena
ivas in Maj. Gen. McCleUan's army, in the West Virginia campaign,
with Gen. Rosecraus as their brigade commander. They took part in the battle
, and assisted in the capture of Garnett's forces. At the expira-

iing the Eighth Regiment for the three years' service. Shortly
er, he was appointed Colonel of the Twenty seventh Regiment

Indiana Volunteers, which was sent forward and placed under the command o<
Brig. Gen. Banks. They took part in the terrible battle at Ball's Blufl. and
helped to convey the dead across the Potomac after the fight. The regiment w»e
a part of the Army of the Potomac, serving first with the Fifth and afterward
with the Eleventh Corps, and participating in all the important battles in which
these corps were engaged. Finally, the Eleventh and Twelfth were consoli
dated, under the name of the Twentieth Army Corps, with Gen. Hooker in com-

anooga.

3f Atlanta. During h^
Jed several times, but remained bravely at his post, although his
ifflciently serious to justify him in leaving the service, had he
He was a brave officer, and his distinguished services to the
gnized by President Lincoln, who conferred upon him the i

rned tc

t, on the 7th of August, 1864. He resigned, li

en appointed by

Gov. Morton to fill t

e unexpi

ed term

f Judge

n one of the Judges of

the Supre

me Coun

of Indian

as elected President of the Cinci

nati. For

Wayne &

apids Railroad, an

ber, 1864,

was appoi

nted Presi

e Military Commission for the trial of H

rsey. Mill

gan and Bowles, th

•8. The trial was

of 100 day

und guilty and se

tenced to death. Th

imprisonment for

life, and the trio were

finally set

free by th

e Supreme

the United States

on the ground that a

military tr

ibunal had no juris(

] 1865. Gen. Colgrove was electei

Judge o;

the circui

sed of Randolph

nd Delaware Counties

serving s

X years.

In 1873, :

ain elected to this

>ench unt

11879. r

om this position, 1

e resumed the practice

of his pro

which he

lively engaged.

narked su

his decisic

ns just.

He was

spected for his kii

dnesa and courtesy in

his capacity, and hi

e bench was mar

ked by a conscientiou

fidelity t

0 the trus

reposed i

filiated -with the Whig party di

aHi.zCy.Jl/o

CAP'i'AIN W. W. MACT.

m the 21th of Febi

a half w

Ting a Ic
,1864, hf

e, and the progenitor, perhaps, of all who

neteenth Regiment, Indian;. Infantry Volunteers, and was mustered into the ser
Indianapolis, on the 29; h ot the same month. Shortly afterward, and before en

5 the field, he was promoted to the ranli of Fifth Duty Sergeant. His regin
rived at Washington City on the 9th of August, 1861, and was assigned to duty »

6 Army of the Potomac, forming a part of the First Brigade, First Diviaion, F
■my Corps. The battle of Cedar Mountain, on the 9th of August, 1862, was the ;
gagement in which the regiment participated, the preceding year haying been pai

Weldon Railroad, August 18-21; the battles of Hatcher's Run; Gravelly K
in the running fight after Lee's army, from his evacuation of Richmond to his a
,er at Appomattoi, on the 9th of April, 1865.

romotion. The Nineteenth and Twentieth Indiana Regiments were consolidat
sr the name of the Twentieth Regiment Ind

Captain

le Plain Lan.
• April, 1863
to that rank

.ingoftheSd of July, j

brave and honorable, and
pany was but a just recc

of that 'city. ' He was in
tered out at Indianapolis,
at Washington, just afiei
Grand Army that filed th:
erab who had led them t<
Capt. Macy gladly re

On December 20, 1867, Capt. Macy was t
Addington, a native of Randolph County, Ind., i

mther

Capt. and Mrs. Macy are the parents of one child,

A young man, also, by the name of Albert H. Addi
year, and a nephew of Mrs. Maoy, has been living with

In all the relations of life, Capt. Macy has proved
proachable integrity, and has won the esteem of all who :

aughter of John L.

•m since the fall of 1878
self a gentleman of irre

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

But as to who or how many of the aged men who came to the
new West had been soldiers under Washington, or Gates, or
Schuyler, or Morgan, or Greene — had witnessed the surrender of
Burgoyne at Saratoga, or of Cornwallis at Yorktown, or had folt
the blood trickling from their chapped and frozen members as
they tracked, with unshod feet, the winter snows of Valley Forgo,
is now unknown to mortal man.

How soon and how easily are the heroes of one age lost from
the sight and from the memory of the ages that come after them!

But, though the remembrance of the men as individual citi-
zfns may perish, the memorial of their inestimable sei-vices re-
mains more enduring than imperishable miirble; the freedom be-
queathed by a nation of heroes to succeeding generations of men
dwelling in this fair land — " The land of the free and the home
oE the brave."

The name of the ancient hero of whom the especial sketch is
givpn above was W. E. Fitzgerald. Another veteran pioneer,
still older, but who died two yeai-s later, and who was born one
year later (1747), lies buried in Pleasant Hill Cemetery, east of
New Salem, in Jackson Township. He was one hundred and
six years and seven months old, having been born in 1747, eight
years before the old French and Indian war, and the same length
of time before the earthquake at Lisbon.

We do not know whether William Cline was a soldier of the
Revolution or not, nor, ia fact^ an}'thing of his parentage, or
birth-place, or history. He was twenty-eight years old when the
first crash of hostile arms wakened the morning echoes on Lex-
ington Green in 1775; was in the ripeness of manhood, at the
age of forty-two, when Gen. Washington took the oath of office as
the first President of the new AVestern republic at New York, on
the famous ^Oth of April, 178'J; was verging to old age. at fifty-
live, when Ohio joined the sisterhood of States, in 1 802 ; was nine
years past his full threescore when Indi ana boldly stepped into line
to the " music of the Union," in 181 'h was ninety yeai's old and
nine when old "Rough and Ready marched his army to the Rio
Grande against the self confident Mexicans; and for almost seven
more annual suns, he yet lingered on these mundane shores after
his days had rounded out their full century of years for this aged
veteran as a dweller in this world of labor and of sorrow.

WARS OF 1789-1795.
As a link to bind the history of Randolph to that rough and
stormy time when the whole region of Western Ohio was a thea-
ter of war; when the forests were filled with cordons of fortresses
stretching far and grim along the border; when army after army
cut their " traces " through the pathless woods, of which at least
the names "St. Clair's Trace," "Wayne's Trace," "Hull's
Trace." still remain to gieet the ears of the present generation —
for the purposeof marching against the bloody Indians; when the
women and children of Western Ohio crowded into block-houses
built in the dense forests, while the husbands and grown-up sons
were, almost to a man, with Harmar, or St. Clair, or Wayne, and
many of whom never returned from those fatal and bloody de-
feats; when the hunters of Kentucky, those hardy and gallant
foresters of the olden time, flocked across the Ohio to defend the
northern frontier and secure a peaceful home in the coming years
for their own posterity -we repeat, wo give, as a solitary link to
connect these days with those times of cruel warfare with savage
. nature and more savage men, a narrative concerning a single vet-
eran of the Army of the Northwest, who. did faithful and heroic
service diu'ing those times, through three long, eventful years —
from January, 1792, to January, 1795 — wliich period comprises
the time in or near which occurred the bloody defeats of Gens.
Harmar and St Clair, and the decisive victory of Gen. Wayne —
' ' Mad Anthony " Wayne — which last fully convinced the Indians
that further resistance to the rising power of the whites was but
a vain and fruitless struggle against destiny and fate-

This veteran, hereip referred to, was David Thompson, grand-
father of Mrs. J. F. Hedgepeth, of Union City, Ind. As will be
seen, ho was a Corporal in the United States service, and his
grand-daughter possesses valuable relics in the shape of copies of
papers once belonging to her venerable progenitor, transcripts of
which are given a little below.

David Thompson seems ti) have been a Virginian, as he emi-
grated from that State to Wayne County, Ind., in 1820.

He died of cancer, in Delaware County, Ind., October 22,
1847.

He must have been an old man. Ho entered the United States
Army in 1792. If he was then twenty years old, he must have
been born in 1772, and in that case his ago at his death would
be seventy-five years. He was probably somewhat younger than
that

His obituary in a Delaware County paper was as follows:

•'Died, October 22, 1847, David Thompson, of cancer, who
was a remarkable man. He served three years in the old Indian
wars, being under Gen. Wayne in his celebrated campaigns
against the Indians, and of the General's private scouta And
for reckless and daring bravery, he had no equal. "

We give below a certificate from his Captain, as also one from
Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne, each of which will explain itself:

The bearer, David Thompson, haa served as a Corporal in the Army of
the United States, from which he ha.s obtained an honorable discharge.
But in justice to the said Corporal, for the many services he has rendered
the public, I consider it my duty, and am fully warranted to say that his
conduct has uniformly met with my approbation, as well as tHat of all
other officers who have had the opportunity to know him. Corpoi-al
Thompson was generally employed in reoonnoitering the Indian country,
in paths leading to and from the Indian villages, as well as being constantly
in advance of the army during the camjjaign. While thus engaged, he
assisted in the capture of seven Indiau prisoners, all warriors, except one,
while in the vicinity of their towns gaining information for the army. In
the accomplishment of his object, several skirmishes ensued, in which he
ehaved in a brave and soldier-like manner. And when the garrison of
Fort Recovery, which I had the honor to command, was surrounded and
attacked b)' nearly two hundredsavages, this Corporal Thomjjson made his
escape tlirough them, with intelligence to the Commander-in-Chief, who
was twenty-four miles from the place, for which I now beg leave to return
him my sincere thanks, and hope that all good people who are friends to
their country may receive and treat with respect the said David Thomp-
son, a reward he has merited.

Certified under my hand and seal, at Staunton, in the State of Virginia,
this 39th day of October, 1795.

Alexandeu GnssoN,

Captain Fourth Sub-Legion.

The following is a copy of his discharge, under the hand of
Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne, Commander-in-Chief of the Army of
the Northwest:

By His Excellency, Anthony Wayne, Esq., Major General and Com-
mander-in-Chief of the Legion of the United States.

These are to certify that the bearer hereof, David Thompson, a Cor-
poral of the Fourth Sub-Legion, has served in the above said Legion and
in Capt. Gibson's company for the space of three year.s, and is, for the
reason below mentioned, discharged from the service of the United States,
he having received Ills pay up to the 1st day of January, 1795, clothing of
all kinds, and all other just demands for the time of his enlistment in the
Legion to the day of his discharge, as appears by the following receipt.
He is discharged, having faitlif uUy served the whole term of time for which

. any ill use that may be made of his discharge, by its

falling into the hands of any other person whatsoever, here follows a descrip-
tion of the .said David Thompson :

He is twenty years of age, five feet, eleven inches high, dark complex-
ion, black hair and black eyes, born in the county of Amherst, State of
Virginia, a farmer.

Given under my hand and seal, at headquarters, this 19th day of Au-
gust, 1795.

William Clakk.

Lieutenant Acting Sub-Legion, Major and Inspector to the Fourth Sub-
Legion.

Anthony Wayne.
To whom it may com ern, civil or military.

It is certain that a large nunjber of the early pioneers were
soldiers in the Indian wars during the closing years of the eight-
eenth century, either as residents of Ohio, Virginia or Kentucky.
We should delight to record their names, and their service as a
part of the work of patriotism performed by the men of that gen-
eration, but time and space fail us, and the requisite informa-
tion is not at hand.

INDIAN WAR OF 1811-13.

No settlers had at that time come into Randolph. The In-
dians were here, and emigrants had planted themselves in Preble
County, Ohio, and perhaps in Darke, and in Wayne County, Ind. ;

240

HISTORY OF RANDOLPJl COUNTY.

A few out-

and the savagys rciiuudd thniugh all that coanir
ragos, yot only a fi>w, were committed in the region; none, how-
over, on the soil of Randolph. Morgan was killed in WajTie.
The man burned at the stake met his fate near Muncie, in Dela-
ware County.

War is cruel, and saviigo warfare is always attended with
featm-es of jioculiar atrocity; yet it is remarkable how uniform
is the testimony of those who had then moved into these wilds
that the Indians molested none who were peaceable. Mrs. Diggs,
the wife of William Diggs, who is still alive, and now known iis
'■ (^Id Billy Diggs," and who resides with his children in Iowa,
used to relate to hor oldest daughter (and the rest) that the In-
dians would come to her cabin on White Eiver after her settle-
ment had been made in Randolph County, and tell how easily they
might have killed and scalped her and her sister as the Indians
lay in hiding among the bushes, while the girls were milking the

?s, at their forest home in Wayne County. But they did the

An account, perhaps sutKciently long, is given of the troublous
yoai-s of the Indian war of Tecumseh and his fierce and .savage
l)rother, the Pi-ophet, in the chapter on Indian history, and in the
reminiscences given by several of the pioneers; and no ftirther
space will be occupied here with details concerning it.

The history of the general war of 1S12-15 of course belongs
not to Randolph, except that participants therein may have after-
ward pitched their tents within its borders, and spent the rem-
nant of their days u])ou its fruitful domain. But to trace such
facts in detail would swell too greatly the Ijulk of our present
trtatise, and wo finbear.

(Some of the men never belonged to Randolph County. )

Thomas Irvin, Butler County, Ohio.

Samuel McDowell, died near Fort Recovery.

McCormick was shot through the motith and his teeth knocked

Capt. Cissna, Butler County Ohio.

William Douoon, St. Clair' .s army, Franklin County, Ohio.

David Thomsoji came to Greenville with Connor. Wayne's
army. His daughter, widow of Judge Beers, north of Greenville,
died in the siunmer of 18S1.

Daniel Lucas, south part of Darke County, Ohio.

William Dugau drew a p(>nsion as a soldier, having been a
ijoy in Wayne's army.

John Martin, father of Mrs. Miu-y Reedt^r, Iwrn in I77;i,
ciune to Warren County, Ohio, before 17'J4; was with St. Clair
and Wayne, and with Harrison at Tippecanoe and the Thames in
181 l-i:!, !md with Col. Crogau at Fort Stephenson. He came to
Randol]))! County in 1822, and died in Alissouri in 1880, sixty
ye^s old.

Benjamin Cummins, 1812, lived near Salem, dead.

John Ruby (1812), lived at Union City, dead.

Mrs. Eleanor Ruby, widow of John lUiby. Union City, In.l.,

Rebecca Harris, widow of William Hiuris.

Mr. Harris obtained a pension while residing in More(a'
County, Ohio. It was transferred to his widow.

Polly Mari|ue8s, widow of Kid Marijuess, living.

Mi-s. Lacey, mother-in-law of Frank Morgan, widow of Mr.
'viice}'. Ho died in 1870, and she is living.

Jacob Johnson (1812), Jackson Township, died in spring of
IS81.

Nunnamaker (1812), Jackson Township, died in 1880.

Chwles W. Thomas (1812), near Hollansburg, dead.

Mrs. Mary A. Paschall, widow of Jesse Z. Paschall, Penn-
sylvania railiitia, 1812.

Mrs. Sarah Bussoar. widow of Martin Bussear, 1812.

Mrs. Elizabeth Ann Poyuor, widow of Peter Poyner, Ohio
militia, 1812.

Mrs. Sarah Baxter, widow of .roso])h Baxter, Pennsylvania
militia, 1812.

Mrs. John Baxter, Pennsylvania militia, 1812, received a
land waiTant.

Jane Leeka, widow of Henry Leeka, Tennessee militia, 1812.

Mrs. Mary Ann Mosher. widow of Solomon Mosher, Tennes-
see militia, 1812.

Mi-s. Margai-et Wine, widow of George Wine, 'Virginia mili-
tia, 1812.

William D. Stone, pension for Mexican wm; ontt>red service
in war of 1801; pension ceased.

Walter Ruble, Ohio militia, 1812, dead.

William Rash, 1812, dead.

John Irvin, 1812, dead.

David Riildlebarger, "Virginia militia, 1812, dead.

John Grubbs, Ohio militia, 1812, dead.

Samuel Barker, Vermont militia, 1812, dead.

Mi's. Sarah E. Brown, widow of William Brown, Ohio mili-
tia, 1812.

INIi-s. Susanna Brooks, widow of Thomas Brooks, Ohio fnilitia,
1812.

Mi-s. Mary Whitenack, widow of Comelius WhitenaCk, Now
Jorssy militia, 1812.

Mrs, Nancy Stockdale, widow of — - Stockdalo. Her hus-
band had a pension till he died, and it was transferred to his

RO;.WERS, 1812, ETC.

Jesse Gray, died in Jay County.

Jonathan Lambert, bm-ied at New Lisbof.

Philip Lambert, buried at New Lisbon.

David Heastou, biu-ied at Winchester, war of 1812.

James Lambert, war of Black Hawk, 1837, buried at Pleasant
Hill.

•lohn Dye, buried at Windsor, war of 1812.

Jacob Cline, biu-ied at Windsor, war of 1812.

Samuel Wilson, buried at Windsor, war of 1812.

James Hays, buried at Windsor, war of 1812. '

John Boleuder, buried at AVinchester, grenadier, wars with
B(5uapai'te.

Curtis Clony, buried at Lynn, war of 1812.

Mr. McKinnoy, biu'ied at Fairview, Revolutionary war.

William Fitzgerald, Mt. Zion, southeast of Winchester, Rev-
olutionary war.

Mr. Dudley, Stony Creek, Revolutionary war.

Thus the tombstones and the pension rolls bear witness to the
presence in former days within the limits of Randolph of u lai-go
numter of the soldiers of those old wars. And doubtless many
more than the ones whom we have mentioned made their domi-
cile in early times in this coimty of ours, but we cannot trace
them, and must be content.

MILITIA OK KANIHILPH 18;i2.

A very curious reminiscence of the military doings of " anld
lang svue" has boon discovered among the old pajjors of Judge
Edmund B. Goodi-ich, now in possession of l\Ii-s. John C. Good-
rich, widow of the ex-Clerk of Randolph Coimty.

[t seems there was a "militia .system" in the " Hoosier
State " many yews ago, though how long it lasted we ai-e unable
to tell. That it was in active or attemj)ted operation in 1832, at
least, is shown by the relic referred to. It is an old paper, piu--
porting to contain a list of persons lined for refusing to bear
arms on account of "conscientious scruples " against the prac-
tice; also a list of persons not scrapulous in that respect who
were fined for absence or other dereliction of militia law. In
the first list the lino is $1.50 in each case; in the other, the
amount viu'ies from 25 cents to SIO. The regiment concemetl
was the Seventieth, and there seem to have been six companies,
with Jeremiah Smith as Colonel of that same regiment. The
redoubtable Captains were Messrs. Comer, Butler. Denton, Hunt,
Fleming, Heaston. Butler resided at Deertield; Heaston, at
Winchester; Hunt, probably near Huntsville; Denton's men were
residents of Nettle Cr(>ek region; Fleming's men were fi'om
Stony Creek; and Comer's from Greensfork, Jericho, White
River, etc.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

241

The "conscientious " men were returned from three nompa-
niee — Comer's, Denton's and Fleming's. There seem to have
been none of that sort in either Butler's, Henston's or Hunt's.
How many Capt. Comer had of non-delinquents it would be in-
teresting to know, as he returns sixty-one of the " scrupulous ' '
sort Capt. Denton gives but four, and Capt. Floming, twenty-
one, or eighty-six in all. Of the other persons lined " for cause,"
there were in Butler's company, fifteen; Denton's, forty-throe;
Hunt's, forty-four; Fleming's, twenty-two; Comer's, none; total,
154; grand total, 240; perfect ones, unknown.

One Captain was lined; one Lieutenant, three Sergeants and
two Corporals.

It may not bo amies to append the names of those who refused
to bear arms, as it will he a very fair index of the Quaker ele
ment at that time among those of military age:

Comer's Company- Moorman Way, Isaiah Cox, Simon Cox,
Joshua Cox, Simon Pickett, Nathan Puckett, Zachariah Puckott,
David Haworth, Henry Yeakley, Littleberry Diggs, Armsbee
Diggs, William Diggs, Benjamin Diggs, L«wis Osborn, Jesse
Way, Robert Way, Joshua Robertson, John Cox, Benjamin Davis,
Nathan Barker, William Harris, Benjamin Harris, Silas Hiatt,
Robert Woody, Joseph Picket, John Puckett, Thomas Bucking-
ham, Moses Mendonhall, Joshua Trueman, Bononi Hill, Henry
Hill, John Peacock, Elijah Case. William Case, John Pike, Thom-
as Hinshaw, Nathan Freeman, Stanton Bailey, Samuel Cox, John
Rhoads, Nicholas Robison, Amos Peacock, James Foust, Welcome
Puckett, Thomas Green, Nathan Green, Jacob Yeakley, William
Mann, Tyre Puckett, James Clayton, Jonathan Hiatt, Sr., George
Hiatt, Martin Hiatt, Moses Hiatt, Joseph Hiatt, Jonathan C.
Hiatt, Thomas Conner, Nathan Hiatt, Jacob Knight, George
Knight, Jesse Wright— sixty one.

Denton's Company- -Jonathan Macy, Nathan Macy, William
Lee, Alva Macy— four.

Fleming's Company ^ — Joseph Thornburg, Isaac Thornburg,
Amos Smith, Isaac Boals, Nathan Thornbui-g, John Diggs, Mark
Diggs, William Holloway, Robert Fisher, John Holloway, Joseph
Fisher, Thomas Fisher, Joab Thornburg, Job Thornburg, John
Thornburg, Jacob Beals, Solomon Wright, Jonathan Thornburg,
Mordecai Bond, Oman Bond, Benjamin Cai— twenty one.

The Captain was fined |5; one Lieutenant, $6, and one $10;
two Sergeants, $8, and two $2 each; two Corporals, $1 each.

Among those fined "for cause," perhaps for want of a
"primer'' ta their guns, or some other heinous military offense,
occur such names as Elias Kizer, Daniel Worth, William Macy,
Burkett Pierce, Temple Smith, David Bunker, Philip Brown,
Isaac Ambum, James Porter, William Chamness, William Smith,
Smith Masterson, Samuel Hawkins (then of Jay County), Samuel
Simmons, Daniel B. Miller, Davis Eegg, Stephen Dye, Hamilton
Snodgruss, Joseph Jay, John Borroiighs, Lemuel Vestal, Andrew
Aker, Henry D. Huffman, Jacob Harshman, William Lumpkin,
Thomas Maulsby — and so on, to the tune of 1 54 in all.

The surviving veteran pioneers who find their names in the
above list will doubtless chuckle with glee at reading this " re-
minder" of what must have been regarded, even at the time, as
a huge joke.

The papers are made out in all due form, signed by Jeremiah
Smith, Colonel, and Judge of the Court of Apj)oals, delivered to
Edmimd B. Goodrich, Paymsister of Seventieth Regiment; and
the list is receipted by Robert irvin. Constable, with order to
him to collect the fines aforesaid. Whether any at all were paid
is not now known. Jesse Way says that Robert Irvin used to
relate, years afterward, that, as he was on his collecting tour, ho
lodged with a good-natured Quaker, one of the number who were
fined for "scruples," and that, on asking his host what was his
charge- "1 charge thee," was the reply, "that thee go home and
find some better business, and never be caught in such a scrape
again as long as thee lives.''

Robert replied, "I believe I will do it," and he did it, and
kept the advice, too. He used to laugh over the joke, and say that
it was the best advice he ever got in his life.

War had, to Randolph County dwellers, been a thing well-

nigh unknown. Until the struggle of the rebellion, only one
other had called our nation to arms, and that was small and of
short duration, viz. , the Mexican conflict. And in that contest,
barelv three (as we have been told) were Randolph County Iwyu
—Allen O. Neff, Augustus Kane and William D. Stone Capt.
John Neff did, indeed, join the army at that time, and rendered
service for several years, but he did not go to Mexico. Kane
was much on the sick list, and Noff was shortly transferred to the
band, so that the reputation of Randolph for warlike valor in
this struggle would seem to have been left in the exclusive keep-
ing of William D. Stone. He was in the war fourteen months,
seeing, in that time, some severe service, and taking part in sev.
eral hard battles, especially those fought by our- gallant little
army around the city of Puebla, as well as in some others.

When the regiment containing our "especial three" arrived
at Vera Cruz, Gen. Scott had stormed San Juan de Ulloa and
had captured Vera Cruz; had set his eager legions on their march
into the interior; had climbed the frowning heights of Sierra
Gorda and hmled backward in inglorious defeat the aimed Mex-
ican legions; had crossed the smiling Table Lands, occupied the
unresisting city of Puebla, and captured the strong fortress of
Perote; and had pressed still onward, till his gallant troops had
invested the capital. They had fought and won the memorable
contests at Churubusco and Chapult^pec, and Molino del Rey,
and had at length marched in triumph into the imperial city of
the Montezumas, and were taking a brief respite from their war-
like labors in that renowned metropolis.

The regiment to which that before-named "throe" telongod
had, after undergoing a somewhat ivmantic experience on their
outward passage, landed at Vera Cruz. In company with other
regiments, they took up their course of march for Puebla, diove
off the Mexican army, who had for a considerable time been be-
leaguering that town in possession of the American forces, re-
lieved the besieged garrison, and entered the city amid the plau-
dits of the rescued ones.

Peace at length was declai'ed, and the army returned to their
homes, since the causeless and cruel Mexican war at last was

In May, 1847, he enlisted in the Fourth Indiana Volunteers
a.s a private. In the Gulf of Mexico, bound for Galveston, on
board the Ann Chase, one of the boilers exy)lodod. Several men.,
were killed, and sixty-five wont on boats and upon rafts to the
Louisiana Shore, nine miles away, landing near the mouth of
Calcasieu River. Stone was one of that company. For some
imknown reiison, the steamer managed to rei)air somewhat the
damage done, and went on her course, leaving that company of
men in the swamps, helpless and desolate, to their fate. They
would not give up, however, and footed it sixty-five miles, hav-
ing no food nor any suitable drink, through swamps and jungles,
during two days and nights, to Sabine City, La., at the mouth of
Sabine River. Here they stayed a week. At this point, thou-
sands of Texas cattle used to cross. The cattle had to swim,
and the alligators would often catch them. Every little while,
a bullock would give a spring and a plunge, and that was the
last of him. An alligator had bin

The boys, to pass away the time, tried hunting alligators.

■ ■ • a skiff, \ •■' '

lowed out into the :

Four of thei

with only one gun for them all, and

Presently a huge monster came swimming along, and Stone
said, "Let's lasso him." "Agreed," said the i-ost

So they fixed a rope to the skifl" and throw it around the he.ad
and neck of the creature. The moment be felt the rope, ho
started for the gulf at full si)eed. He dragged the Iwat and its
frightened crew half a mile or more in "double <iuick." The
boys ti'ied to get him to shore. After bringing him into about
four feet of water, one of the men, Brewer by name, a big, biu-ly
fellow, tall and stout, juiniiod from the boat into the river to pall
on the rope and help land him. Instanter the alligator " took
for" Brewer, and the chap made somo.rathor lively splashing
through that watar alwut that time.

However, they got him ashore and shot him. They thought
him a " whaler," he being seven or eight feet long, or perhaps

242

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

longer thiin that, and larger by far tliiin tliey cared to encounter
again, and so they gave up the business.

Three hundred men were still on board the steamer, and.
managing to "rig up" in some way, as has been stated, the ship
made for Galveston, paying no heed to the meu on shore. They
reported at Galveston that sixty -live men had made the shore,
and that they were on the coast starving. A schooner was sent
for them outright, and they were found at Sabine City. By
that schooner the squad were conveyed to Galveston; thence to
Brazos de Santiago. Most went by steamer, but fifteen of them
went in another way, to wit, by an old yaw). ■ What possessed
them to go out on the gulf in such a crazy conveyance is ''one of
those things that no fellow can over find out." But go they did,
and a sorry time they made of it. When out on the gulf, the
yawl would dip and veer, fh'st one side and then the other, and
thoy came near drowning many times; but, through God's mercy,
thoy were s]5ared to tread once more the solid land.

The men in the yawl had no gun, and could not shoot any of
the sharks,

Mr. Stone says: "But we did one thing that was not planned.
Gol. Gorman, of the Fourth Indiana, had jjut a lot of hams into
the bottom of the yawl to be conveyed to Brazos. We got at
those, pitching them out, one after one, to the sharks."

From Brazos, the regiment was sent up the Kio Grande some
two hundred miles by steamer to Gen. Taylor, but they were or-
dered to report to Gen, Scott, at Vera Cniz; and, marching back
by land to Matamoras, they took passage over the gulf again to
the Mexican fortress and seaport, San Juan de XJUoa (Sahn
Hwahn da Ool-yo-ah), and Vera Cruz (Va-rah Crooz), which,
however, had been reduced and captured before their arrival.

Most went by steamer, but a part were taken (by their own
choice) in an old sailing vessel across the Mexican Gulf to Vera
Cruz.

The Mexican forces, meanwhile, had retaken a pai-t of the
routu fi'om Vera Cruz to the meh'opolis, and had surrounded Pue-
bla with an anny of 7,01)0 men, under Gen. Kia, the place being
hold against them by the gallant Gen. Childs, with only a small
garrison.

The little army fotight every day, more or less, for twenty-
nine days, all the way to Puebla. At Huam;mtla, 1,500 Amer-
ican soldiers routed 5,000 Mexicans, secured the pass in triumph,
and raised the siege of Puebla.

Gon. Scott, before this time, had taken San Juan de Ulloa (at
Vera Cruz), and had fought Sierra Gorda at the pass up to the
heights of the Central Table Laud; had taken Puebla and Perote,
and had also, about this time, fought and won the terrible bat-
tles of Contreras, Churubusco, Chapultepec and Molino del Rey;
and had feither just made or was then ready to make his triumph-
al entry into the imperial city of the iMontezumas.

After Puebla, they fought at Tlascala to protect the ' ' tobacco
train," a bevy of wagons laden witt a supply of that ft-agrant
weed for the use of the American soldiers.

The bombai'dmont of Atlixco on the march, though a cruel
thing, was nevertheless a magnificent spectacle. The artillery
was posted on the heights, and the town lay far down, hundreds
of feet below in the valley. It was in the night, and the track
of the shells through the starlit sky could bo distinctly seen as
they went speeding on their path of destruction. The shells
would burst in the midst of the town, scattering death and ruin
far and wide. The city could not long endure so imetiual a con-
tost, but siurendered at discretion.

Those troops did not go to the City of Mexico, as Gon Scott
was in possession, and the actual war was over. Tho army re-
mained in the comjuered country dm-ing some months, till the
treaty of peaco had been made. The evacuation then took place,
atid the soldiers came home during tho summer of 1848.

(Capt, Sttmo has in his possession a Mexican sword, captured
l)y him in a hand-to-hand tight at Puebla. He was one of a
patrol, and, susj)ecting a certain house, they entered, and found
it tilled with Mexican soldioi's. The Mexicans fought, but thoy
were beaten, and Cai)t. Stone captured the sword, turning it over
to the Quartermastei-, and Gen. Joseph Lane gave it to tho cap-
tor as a moraonto of his valor, and he has it yet. )

CAPT. .lOHN • NEFF, WINCHESTER,

He was commissioned Captain in the United States army in
1840, during the time of the Mexican war. He did no service
in Mexico, but was stationed at St, Louis, under Col, Enos Mc-
Kay, as Assistant Quartermaster, His labors were great, and
his responsibilities extensive. At one time, his Colonel wished
transportation for $120,000 in gold and silver, chiefly the latter,
to Fort Leavenworth. Tho steamboats refused to carry it for
less than 2 percent upon the whole amount. Tho Colonel would
not submit to such extortion, and directed Capt. Neff to convey the
funds to their destination overland, and asked him, "What es-
cort do you wish i' " " The less the better," was his reply. He
took fom' men, and, with a wagon laden with the precious treas-
ure, they drove thi'ough in foiu-teon days. When four days out,
the discovery was made that their guns were utterly useless ; but
they accomplished the joiu'ney without mishap, at a cost of about
$130, thus effecting a saving to the Government of $2,270.

It would seem that Capt. NoiTs duties did not embrace any
direct connection with the Mexican war, but the time of his serv-
ice was during its progress, and he was a resident of Randolph
County, and a faithful and efficient officer; and this brief account
of his labors would appear to bo not out of place at this point in
om- history.

Before 1801, war's gi-im and terrible front was a sight which,
by the mass of the dwellers of Randolph, had never yet been
seen. They had read of wai's, but most had never taken any
part therein. Even military musters and training days had been
out of vogue so long that only the elders in the land had ever
witnessed even those mock presentments of mai-tial display.

It was, therefore, a marvelous scene to behold, when rebellion
lifted on high her Gorgon head and raised aloft her traitorous
arm, and our country sounded the sudden alarm of tierce and
furious war, how, from city and hamlet and fai-m thi-oughout
our wide spread land, and from this county of ours as well, there
sprang forthwith hundreds and thousands of brave men, unskilled,
indeed, in the practice of war, yet nobly loyal, eager to press into
the ranks as defenders of their native land.

None knew till then how much he loved his country. A sub-
lime sight, indeed, it was to see, when the Union flag had boon
lowered in defeat and siUTender from the walls of Foi-t Sumter,
how rose, in titter indignation and lofty defiance, the heart of a
mighty nation, torn and rent indeed by sedition and treason, but
stalwart and powerful still.

Randolph County had been for years before the outburst of
the civil war strongly Republican in politics, and its loyal people
naturally responded with enthusiasm to the agonised call of the
commonwealth in distress. Though it is indeed true that party
lines were nearly Ignored and men of widely varying political
opinions enlisted like brothers in a common cause, into the armies
that were mustering East and West, like a mighty host, to avenge
the wrongs of the country and to maintain the integrity of the
nation. Great numbers, fii'st and last, from Randolph County,
joined tho Union armies, and helped to bear aloft, through hos-
tile regions, the glorious stars and stripes; and came back, at
length, victorious, from fields bravely fought and nobly won, or
lay down, one by one. from time to time, on Southern soil, to
rise upon earth no more; and a simple tombstone in a national
burying-ground, consecrateil Ijy a nation's tears, iji the far-off
South, remains the sole memorial of their existence and their
deeds. Nay, to many of om dear ones lost, even this poor boon
was denied, and of the spot in which thoir lifeless fi'ame found
its last earthly rest, like the place of the sepulcher of Moses of
old, "no man Imoweth to this day."

And yet, though grand the uprising and niunerous tho bands
that enlisted from our county, still it is a fact, strange though
it may seem, that to obtain detailed, accurate accounts of the
(iompanies (wholB or partial) that were enrolled from within ite
bounds during the progress of the war of the rebellion, has been
found to be well-nigh impossible. Soldiers of the conquering
armies remain in abundance, but each man can tell only his own
tale, and none can fui-nish the history of his company or his reg-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

It would surely Beem a strange thing, now we look back upon
the events of the time, that no accurate list oven of the names of
Randolph soldiers is to be found anywhere within any record kept
by the authority of the county or by her direction. She sent her
sons by hundreds and by thousands into the tented field, but who
went, or what they did, or how they came back, or whether they
ever returned or not, seemed to be no concern of hers. And she
would not appear to care, even to this day, now twenty years
gone by since the power of that witchcraft of rebellion burst
upon our people, enough for the memory of her soldier heroes to
take a reckoning of them; but it has been left to a precarious
])rivate enterprise to hunt tliem out haphazard, and that under
the disheartening certainty that large numbers of those who
Joined the armies of the country and miirched away full of heart
and hope to risk all that to them was dear, have died unnoted
and unknown, and their very memorial has been lost from among

It has, indeed, been one of the purposes actuating the lalwrs
of the author and tlie publishers of these sketches to rescue from
oblivion every name that can possibly be found belonging to a
heroic soul who nobly volimteered in his country's cause.

Yet the work is stffticiently difficult of accomplishment. Al-
most the only documentary evidence available is found in the
report of Adjt. Gen. Terrell to the Governor of Indiana shortly
after the close of the war. Gen. Terrell doubtleas did his best,
with the materials at his command or within his reach: yet those
who are familiar with the matter know and deply regret the fact
that the report referred to is greatly deiicient, not to say largely
en-oneous.

The truth is that the military reports furnished to the Adju-
tant General's office must have been wonderfully lacking, both
in accuracy and completeness. It is a veritable fact, for in-
stance, that out of the 208,367 names of soldiers enlisted from
Indiana in the war of the rebellion, no clew is given concerning
about forty -iive thousand of those soldiers, as to wiiere they came
from, and about fourteen thousand are wholly unaccounted for.
This is a sad showing, though, indeed, not very wonderful. Still,
when searching is done, as now and in future time will be at-
tempted by relatives and friends, to find the record of acquaint-
ances and kindred dear in the memorial volume referred to, with
what a sigh of unavailing regret will the bootless search be end-
ed, to think that no mark nor token remains of services rendered,
(if sacrifices made — nay, perhaps it may even be of life shed forth
as a free-will offering on the altar of country and of right. And
so many are without record of residence and of final result that
it will be in no wise remarkable if the names of many Randolph
men are not to be found in the record which in this work is at-
tompted to be made, to tell to coming generations what Randolph
v!ounty did to seciue the preservation of the Union, and to main-
tain the integrity of the nation.

So that, while we would desire exceedingly io furnish a de-
tailed history of Randolph Coimty in this respect, sheer neces-
sity compels us simply to generalize the matter, and to be con-
tent with a meager recital of such scanty, and, for the most part,
isolated facts as the materials within reach will allow.

It is estimated I)y those who may be presumed to be best
(jualified to judge that more than two thous;ind men, at one time
und another, joined the Union amij' in the war of 1801 from the
fields and workshops and dwellings of brave and loyal Randolph.

The regiments to which these men belonged were found, dur-
ing the progress of the conflict, everywhere in the front, marshaled
against the serried ranks of armed rebellion. At the opening
conflicts at Rich Moimtain, etc., in West Virginia; at Bull Run
and Ball's Bluff; with Lyon at Wilson's Creek, and Mulligan at
Lexington; at South Mountain and Antietam; at Shiloh and
Vicksburg and New Orleans; at Chickamauga and Chattanooga
and Atlanta: at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville and Gettys-
burg; at Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor and the Wilderness; at
Charleston Harbor and Wilmington and Mobile; at Savannah
and Columbia and Raleigh; at Resaca and Konesaw; at Frank-
lin and Nashville; at all points where hard and bloody work was
to be done; and, moreover, in the wretched and nnu-derous prison
pens of the Southern land — at Libbyand Danville and Florence;

at Millon and Savannah and Andersonville— the wi)rst the wovl.d
has ever seen — in all these places, and in others still, were found
Randolph men to perform their part, and to endure the toil and
the danger, and the suffering and wounds, the siclmess and death,
that lay in the path of duty.

Tender boys, who had never slept off a feather bed in their
l.ves. and who had lived abundantly and daintily nhvay.s, went
cheerfully to the field, wrapped their frames, weary with long
marching, contentedly, and even merrily, in their blankets, and
lay down without a murmm- on the cold, damp ground, or upon
the rails laid in the mud to keep their !-,odies from actually sink-
ing iH the mire, after a su])]>er made of corn shelled from the cob
and nastily parched in a scanty fire kindled upon the gi-ound.
Hardships and privations, forced marches and camping without
food or water in the woods and in the trenches: tierce and sangui-
nary battles, wounds, imprisonment and death — all these were
borne cheerfully, as though it were a summer pastime, or ac-
cepted meekly as a sacrifice needful to be made for the defense of
a country, the richest, the noblest and the best beneath tlie cir-
cuit of the sun.

Through all coming time, the war of ISfU in the United
States will be reckoned to have been a conflict waged by the peo-
ple, and carried on to the very end by their indomitable will and
their unconquerable spirit; by their relentless determination that
traitors should be made odious and that treason shoald be
crushed.

, And thus it came to pass, that, in spite of political Generals,
and conmaanders ignorant or dissipated, or even secretly tainted
with covert sympathy for treason and hostile to liberty, the spirit
of the common soldiery triumjAed over every obstacle, and bore
the country straight forward to assiu'ed and abundant victory
and trium]>hant success.

Gen. Ousterhaut said to Gen. Hooker, as they stood side by
side viewing the magnificent charge up Lookout Mountain to
tight the "Battle in the Clouds," when Gen. Hooker said, "See
your men; they are in disorder," as they went rushing at the top
of their speed over rocks and logs, eveiy man bent on being fore-
most at the summit.

" Cheueral Hooker! Choneral Hooker! You sees my mennsh?
Doy bees all Prigadeer Chenerals! Dey git to te top of dat
mountain all right— you see!"

The rank and file felt each man of them as if on ihem each
one lay the burden of conquering the rebellion. Like the an-
cient Swiss heroes, Ai-nold Van WinkeLried and his comiieers in
the little Swiss army, boldly facing the serried Austrian phalanx,
each man for himself felt

And so it did. (Jallant deeds and noble daring and heroic
endurance have had their reward. And, while many remained
to lay their bones in that hostile land, many more sui-vived to i-e-
turn with the lam-els of the victor on their honored brows, and
the land is filled with the survivors of that memorable conflict,
still energetic for good, and active in every manly enterprise for
gain, and for public and jn-ivatc advantage, and foremost to
achieve success in every worthy and profitable undertaking.

God gi-ant to put far away the evil day that shall call these
heroes and others like them to form once more the marshaled
line to go forth in battle for their country's cause.

Many of the Randolph County soldiers suffered the hon-ors
of imprisonment worse tJian death in those prison hells in the
rebel land, the like of which the world never saw before; and
many gave up their lives in those dens of horror and filth and
starv.ation. Tongue cannot describe, imagination cannot con-
ceive, the human mind instinctively even refuses to believe ns
possible (so utterly fiendish wtre they) the terrible facts of those
awful months; the unutterable woes inflicted upon our luckless
countrymen condemned to di-ag out weary weeks and months in
those feai'ful prison jiens on those waste and scorching Southern
plains!

But those scones are past, thank heaven! let them live only
in the memory of a nation shuddering even yet at their nnspoak-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

tbi

3 enormity, and j^ateful for security, liberty and justici
s dearly purchased.

When the news flashed over the wires that Fort Sumter had
lowered her flag at the behest of armed treason, it thrilled the
nation like an electric shock.

On the 13th of April, 1861, Fort Sumter was evacuated. The
news reached Indianapolis Sunday morning, April 14. On the
morning of April 15, Gov. Morton telegraphed to President Lin-
coln as follows:

Executive Dbpaiitment, )

Indianapolis, April 15, 1861. f
To Abraham Lincoln, President ok the United States :

On liehalt of the StiUo of Indiana, I tender to you, for the defense of
the Nation, and to uphold the authority of the Government, ten thou-
sand nten.

Oliver P. Morton,

Oonernor of Indiatut.

The same day. President Lincoln called for 75,000 troops,
and the quota of Indiana was bet at 4,083 officers and men, to
serve for three months.

The next day, April 10, Gov. Morton called for six regiments.

The day after the call, 500 men were in camp. By the I'Jth
of April, 2,40(1 men were on hand, and they were pouring in by
every train, and in less than seven days, more than twelve thou-
sand men had been tendered- nearly three times the number
called for. One company was there from Randolph of 140 men,
April 18, Capt. Colgrove.

Orders were received from the President, April 20, to organize
six regiments, and the work began the same day.

One Company from Marion County was partly mustered on
that day, and the rest of the sixty companies were organized as
follows:

April 21 — Five companies.

April 22— Nineteen companies and a half.

April 23 — Ten companies, and eleven companies besides, not
mustered into the six first regiments.

April 24 — Fourteen companies.

April 25— Eleven companies.

And also, on that last day, April 25, the whole six regiments
were completed and mustered into service.

When this work had been accomplished, there remained in camp
at Indianapolis twenty-nine companies besides, and sixty-eight
companies had been raised and tendered that had not come for-
ward. Out of these, Gov. Morton determined to organize sev-
eral State one-year regiments, and instructed to form live such
regiments.

Ou the 6th of May, the Legislature passed an act requiring
six regiments of State troops.

On the 11th. of May, 1861, live regimests were reported as
oom])lete— the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourreenth, Fifteenth, Six-
teenth, and, shortly afterward, the Seventufoth was mustered I'uto
service.

These 120 companies forming the twelveregiments were re-
cruited from different counties, to wit:

Allen, four companies; Bartholomew, three companies;
Boone, one company; Benton, ono company; Clay, one com-
pany; Clinton, one company; Cass, two companies; Carroll, one
company; Delaware, one company; Dearborn, live companies;
Daviess, one company; Decatur, two companies; Elkhart, one
company; Floyd, two companies; Franklin, one company; Fount-
ain, one company; Fayette.one company; Grant, one company;
Howard, two companies; Henry, two companies; Hamilton, two
companies; Hendricks, one company; Hancock, three companies;
Huntington, one company; Jefferson, five companies; Jennings,
two companies; Jackson, ono company; Johnson, ono company;
Jasper, two companies; Kosciusko, two companies; Knox, two
comj)anies; La Porte, three companies; Morgan, one company;
Marion, eight companies; Madison, one company; Montgomer3',
four companies; Miami, one company; Martin, one company;
Monroe, one company; Ohio, one company; Owen, two compa-
nies; Porter, one company; Putnam, four companies; Parke, one
company; Rush, one company; Randolph, one company (140
men); Ripley, two companies; Shelby, three companies; St. Jo-

seph, two companies; Tippecanoe, four companies; Tipton, one
company; Union, one company; Vigo, three companies; Vander-
burg, one company; Vermillion, one company; Wayne, one com-
pany; Wabash, one company; Warren, one company; Washing,
ton. one company.

Seventeen companies were formed by taking the men for each
from more than one county. Doubtless many, probably all the
counties in the State not named above, sent volunteers in con-
nection with other counties. Many of them were represented
in the mixed companies above specified. The forty e.vtra men
from Randolph were sent home.

Regiments containing Randolph soldiers are the following,
so far as known:

Eighth, three months; Sixth, three years: Seventh, throe
years: Eighth, three years; Ninth, three years; Eleventh, three
years; Twelfth, three years; Thirteenth, throe years; Sixteenth,
Seventeenth, Nineteenth. Twentieth, Twenty-first (First Heavy
Artillery), Twenty-soventh, Twonty-elghth (First Cavalrv),
Thirty-first, Thirty-third. Thirty-fourth, Thirty-sixth, Forty-sec-
ond, Forty.seventh, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-seventh, Sixty-ninth," Sev-
enty-first, Seventy-fifth, Eighty-fourth, Eighty-ninth, Ninetieth,
Ninety-seventh, Ninety-ninth, One Htvndred and Fifth, One Hun-
dred and Sixth, One Hundred and Ninth, One Hundred and
Seventeanth, One Hundred and Nineteenth (Seventh Cavalrj-),
One Hundred and Twenty-first (Ninth Cavalry), One Hundred
and Twenty-fourth, One Hundred and Thirtieth, One Hundred
and Thirty-first (Thirteenth Cavalry), Ono Hundred and Thirty
fourth. One Hundred atid t'ortJeth, One Hundred and Forty-sev-
enth, Fortieth Ohio, etc.

This list may be even now incomplete, since it is true that
many are put down to the wrong county, as Randolph men to
Wayne, Jay County men to Randolph, etc., and for great num-
bers their places of residence were left entirely blank— a defect
much to be regtettod, indeed, but which, at this late day, it is
impossible to supply.

Many Randolph soldiers also enlisted in regiments from other
States, or in the regular United States service. For instance, a
large number joined the Fortieth Ohio Regiment, of which Col
Jonathan Cranor was the commanding officer.

Besides, most of the colored volunteers fTom Randolph ('>f
whom there were many) joined in such a way that their names
do not appear ou the record made by the Adjutant General's
office as enlisting from Randolph, or, indeed, from the State of
Indiana at all.

Very many, also, of the soldiers now residing in Randolph,
enlisted from other counties, and many. too. even from other
States, which fact causes the preparation of a full and accurate
account of the soldiers of and in Randolph to be a task doubly
and trebly difficult

The Adjutant General's office is not to bo blamed for its lack
of information, since doubtless the reports of the regiments and
companies have been given as they were furnished. Yet it is n
matter of deep regret that the chief available source of statis-
tical authority in this matter should be so incomplete and defect-
ive, not to say erroneous, as it oven is, however, in some eases.
Every possible effort was made by the Adjutant General's office
to correct errors and to supply omissions, and, in great numbers
of cases, with gratifying success; yet, in very many instance?
also, no additional or rectifying information has been obtained.

This branch of the subject is vei7 extensive, and might well
receive a far more elaborate discussion than can be attempted in
this work. And it may lie questioned by some whether, in a lo-
cal history of a single county, any special mention of this de-
partment of military action should be made. But, to the virritei
of these articles at least, it seems clear tliat such action will b€
a thing especially appropriate, even in a history of Randolph
County.

Since the work performed by the State of Indiana through
the pre-eminent activity of Gov." Oliver P, Morton, assisted bj
subordinates, was greatly prominent throughout the
, and since, as will be related, one of our own citizens

HISTORY OF KANDOLi'li COUNTY.

245

•was closely connected with that work, almost from the very be-
ginning of the conflict, it will be eininently in place to insert a
brief account thereof in this history of Randolph CoUnty, Snd
hence we proceed to the pleasing task. The war broke out so
suddenly and rose so rapidly to gigantic proportions that the
Government found itself without adequate means of equipment
or of support.

The soldiers wore hurried to the conflict, but the Nation, un-
used tf) war, know not how to handle so vast a movement The
supplies, particularly of clothing, were scanty and tardily fur-
nished. Gov. Morton was among the first to foresee and to at-
tempt to provide for the destitution. August 20, 18(31, he tele-
graphed from Washington to Indianapolis: "Urge Maj. Mont-
gomery (United States Quartermaster at Indianapolis) to get
overcoats of any good material, and not wait for a public letting.
Do have them made at once. The men are suffering and I am
distressed for them. Perhaps a few thousand can be forwarded
by Capt. Diokerson at once from Cincinnati."

This urgency came none too soon. The men wore already
shivering under the damp and chilly nights of the mountains of
West Virginia. This direction was given before any complaints
from the troops had come to hand.

But in two days those complaints began to arrive. Maj.
Montgomery failed to furnish a supply, but Capt. Dickerson, at
Cincinnati, sent forward 4,(I(X) overcoats in care of Gen. Rose-
crans, then in command in Western Virginia. They did not ar-
rive, however. September 14, l8(il, Gen. Asahol Stone, Com-
missary General, was sent forward to assist in hunting them up;
1,200 were found and pushed through, but it was some weeks
before the "tape" was broken and supplies in quantity wore re-
ceived October 7, Brig. Gen. J. J. Reynolds, then commanding
an Indiana brigade, telegraphed thus: " Clothing is coming for-
M'ard. In a few days we shall have a supply for the Thirteenth,
Fourtiienth, Fifteenth and Seventeenth Regiments, except shoos
and socks and caps — the last not so important — shoes and socks
much needed. These regiments have suffered gieatly, but not a
man among them has any fault to find with the Governor of the
State."

Gov. Morton saw that the men would suffer, especially for
overcoats, and he resolved that they should be supplied, if
"Uncle Sam" would pay, well; if not, the boys must have coats,
anyhow. He went to New York and bought, through Hon.
Robert Dale Owen, purchasing State agent, 29,000 overcoats.
For a part he paid "regulation price" — $7.75, but for the rest
he had to pay $9.25. Quartermaster Gen. Meigs refused to pay
more than 17.75, and Gov. Morton said: "If the United States
will not pay for them, Indiana will. The troops must not suffer."
When complained of. Gov. Morton replied: "Well, the overcoats
have been bought, no matter now by whom, so the men get
them."

But other things must be had and in abundance. October
16, 18'>1, Gov. Morton appealed " to the patriotic women of In-
diana for additional blankets, socks, gloves, mittens, woolen shirts
and drawers," to be furnished at once and forwarded to the
camps. This appeal was earnest, eloquent and patriotic, and not
iu vain.

The State Quartermaster General, J. H. Vajen, in May, 1802,
reports in substanco: "This proclamation met with a most cor-
ilial response, and many thousands of dollars worth of blankets,
socks, gloves, mittens, shirts and drawers'* were forwarded, as
also sheets, pillows, pads, Bandages, lint and dressing-gowns, for
hospital use, in so much that a circular was issued announcing
that the supply was enough."

Indiana was the first to organize for temporary relief, under
tho energetic supervision of the Stat© Commissary General, Asa-
hel Stone, Esq. The duty of this agency was "to render all
possible relief to our soldiers, especially to the sick and wounded,
whether in transit, in hospitals or on the battle-field.'' By this
agency, sanitary supplies, hospital stores, donated or purchased,
surgeons, nurses, etc., were sent forward wheiovor needed, and
Indiana was generally "first on the ground" to profi'er a help-

nd.
"In 1802, it was realized that tho v

mgi

s going to last, and

the "General Military Agency of Indiana" was established by
the appointment of Dr. William Hannaman, of Indianapolis, a
gentleman of large experience, integrity and humanity, as Gen-
eral Military Agent," December 10, 1862; and local agents were
appointed in the army and elsewhere, who were directed to do
" everything possible to be done for the comfort of the soldiers."
Steamers were chartered to carry stores, surgeons and nurses and
io bring home tho sick and wounded. Boats were dispatched,
heavily laden with vegetables, hospital stores, clothing, delicacies
for sick and cuuvaloscent soldiers, etc., bringing home hundreds
on hundreds of sick and wounded to hospitals and homes. Sup-
plies were sent to the prisons. Claims for bounty, back pay,
etc., were collected. The pay of the soldiers was conveyed to
friends at home by hundreds of thousands of dollars. Tho good
done by this and other agencies is beyond the power of language
to express.

The State Sanitary Commission was established still earlier,
February, 1862. Contributions were large and frequent. The
order of Freemasons confributed at one time $10,000. The
State Sanitary Fair, in the fall of 1803, netted $40,000. The
results are reported by Dr. Hannaman thus:

On hand at organization — cash, $13,490.92.

Contributions in 1802— cash, $9,038.20; goods, $86,088.

Contributions in 1803— cash, $36,232.11: goods, $101,430.74.

Conti-ibutions to December, 1804— cash, $97,035.22; goods,
$120,080.91.

Contributions to close of commission — cash, $91,774.30;
goods, $45,39438.

Total-Cash, $247,570.72: goods, $359,000.03.

Total to State Sanitary Commission, $000, 570, 78 ; contribu-
tions to United States Commission from Indiana, $16,049.50;
contributions to soldiers' relief by counties, etc., $4,500,898.06,
making in all above $5,000,000, besides vast amounts of which
no record was ever kept.

During the year 1803 alone, seven steamers were sent down
the Mississippi by the State Sanitary, as follows:

Capitola, George Merritt, to Vicksburg, February 19; con-
tents, 454 packages stores, twenty-five female nurses, twenty-
five surgeons; twenty -five Indiana regiments visited and sup-

Zktd.y Franklin, Dr. C. J. Woods, 1,UOO packages, several
nurses and surgeons.

Courier, Dr. Talbot Bullard and Gen. A. Stone, 500 pack-
ages, several nurses and surgeons. The steamer brought back a
large number of sick and wounded soldiers. Four surgeons
(among them Dr. Bullard) died on the trip or soon afterward.

Atlanta, Col. W. E. French, 200 packages, several surgeons
and nurses. Brought back from Memphis 175 sick and wounded.

City Belle. Gen. A. Stone, 400 packages and a large company
of surgeons and nurses, reaching Vicksburg July 4th, the day of
the surrender.

Sunmj Side, E. J. Futman, 1,100 packages and Dr. W. H.
Wishard as surgeon; 200 sick soldiers were brought back.

City Belle, Dr. C. J. Woods, 2,000 packages; 100 sick came
north on the return ti'ip.

As a specimen of the work accomplished, we give the follow-
ing concerning the City Belle:

December 19, 1803, left Cairo, 111., for a trip down the Mis-
sissippi River. At Port Pillow, Fifty-second Regiment, left
fourteen barrels potatoes, two barrels of onions, six barrels of
apples, thi-ee barrels of turnips, four dozen cans of fruit. At
Memphis, Twenty -fifth and Eighty-ninth Regiments, fifty barrels
of potatoes, five of onions, five of turnips, two of crackers, thirty
of apples, twenty dozen cans of fruit, four boxes of clothing.
At Helena Hospital, 400 sick men, twenty barrels of potatoes,
nine of onions, fifteen of apples, five of turnips, twenty dozen
cans of fruit. At Vicksburg, Twenty-third and Fifty-third Regi-
ments, forty barrels of jwtatoes, twenty-six of apples, ten of
onions, ten of turnips, two of cabbage and twenty dozen canned
fruit. Vicksburg General Hospital, forty barrels potatoes, thirty
of apples, ten of turnips, twenty dozen canned fruit, one box
bottled whisky. At Natchez Marine Hospital, three barrels of
potatoes, two of onions, four of apples, one of crackwB, two dozen

24 G

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

canned fruit. At Baton Rouge, Twenty-fii'st Regiment, forty-
barrels potatoes, ten of onions, twenty-live apples, five corn meal,
•-.en turnips. Baton Rouge Hospital, one barrel of cabbages, one
of pickled cabbage, one of crackers, four of apples, two onions,
four potatoe.s. one turnip, one box bottled whisky, two dozen
canned fniit, four boxes clothing, two boxes reading matter. At
!New Orleans, 441 Ijarrels of potatoes, 43S barrels of apples, I'il
rmions, ]48 turnips. 13 of crackers, 112 boxes canned fruit, 23
boxes bottled whisky, IGO boxes reading matter and clothing—
2,(112 packages in all, mostly barrels. October 24, 1.S63, eleven
boxes of clothing and one bale of blankets were shipped to Rich-
mond for Union j.risoners; 201) caps, 201) shirts, 200 pair of
drawers, 200 pair of .socks, 200 blouses, 700 blankets, 200 ])air of
trousers, 200 great coats, 200 pair of shoes. Why so large an
amount of supplies was left by the City Belle as above at New
Orleans is not explained. Doubtless there was a sufficient rea-
son; perhaps many regiments wore stationed there at the

James H. Turner, Agent Indiana Sanitary Commission, at
Chattanooga, dui-ing Sherman's advance to Atlanta, summer of
l'Sn4, during the period between February 15 and September 1,
distributed cis follows: 2,()40 barrels of potatoes, 15.985 pounds
of di-ied apples, 1,2'Jo gallons of kraut, 1, 168 cans of fi-uit, 1,278
pounds of dried peaches, 442 bottles of wine, 137 bottles of
whisky, US8 bushels of onions, 461 dozen eggs, 4U3 pounds of
butter, 211 gallons apple-butter, 157 pounds small fruit, 132
dozen lemons, 220 bottles ale, 558 pounds crackers, 35 pounds
rice. 1.800 jiounds com meal, 100 pounds tobacco, lit bed sacks,
230 gallons pickles, 35 bottles cordials, •.)i)5 shirts. 410 diawers,
124 sheets, 77 pillows, 182 pillow slips, 9 comforts. 3,140 pounds
rags, 4,055 bandages, 355 fans. 82 pants, 35 combs, 445 hand-
kerchiefs, 543 i)air3 socks, 228 towels, 308 pads, 450 comfort-
bags. 25 boxes reading matter.

Thomas A. Goodwin, agent, came North, June 2, 1802. from
le Anny of the Tenne.ssee with $125,000. July Vt. 1S62, he
ronght §31,000.

October 5, I8(i2, B. F. Tuttle reports *59.050 fi-oui Camp
c'vin, Nashville and Woodstock.

Gen. A. Stone, in Jnnnai-y, 1862, brimght home for the
ighth. Twenty-fourth and Twenty-sixth, $15,484.60.

In March, 1802, Goii. Stone brought from Pea Ridge. Ark.,
)r the Eighth, Eighteenth and Twenty-second, ?i58,049.55.

During the course of the war, 40.0(10 packages, containing
jilut $2,000,000, were sent home through theState agents with-
u e.vjiense to the senders (excej)t the expressage from the
^tuit'a iesidouci'j and without the loss of a single jiackago.

June, 1862, a building was erected, 150x24 feet, with a
kitchen twonty-fom- feet square; 100 feet were lilted with bunks.
In the fall, another building, 250x24 feet, for a dining-hall, seat-
ing about 1,00() men. was added. In 1803, a third building was
made, 150x24 feet, for a hospital. In April and May, 1804, two
more were built, 175x28 feet each, accommodating 1,000 men
with bunks. The "Home" could then lodge 1,800 and feed
8,000, yet Gen. Stone says there were times when not half could
bo accominod.-ited that needed to be cared for. The saving in
lutiii'i .i! .1 , : hi, Hinted, from August, 1862, to January, 1865, to
^Tl. ' III iiieals furnished in three years and ton

i.ion. K , , , . 1 -iM.wing an average per day in 1862 of 1,400;

l^(V.;, :.■'!.•, ISC,. iiiW; 1865,2,842; 1866,463.

Tli(. .-il'iivc lirii-f and imperfect Btatomeut gives but a slight
idea of the importance and magnitude of the operations of In-
diana as a State in aid of the Federal Government in suppressing
the rebellion.

Indiana began the movement of separate State co-operation;
was chiefly first at every place of need and continued to be a
model of promptness, efficiency and economy, and, in the execu-
tion of this vast work, under the hand of our noble war Govern-
or, Gen. Asahel Stone, our respected fellow citizen, was proved a
valuable, ellicient and successful assistant.

Very soon after the war commenced, the fact became apparent
that great and speedy efforts would be needed for the relief of
the families of the soldiers. Their wages were not enough for
the purjiose, those wages were often greatly in arrears, and to send
the money home when obtained was nearly or quite impossible. The
Legislature of Indiana passed an act, authorizing counties, cities
and towns to afford relief when needed and to levy a tax for that
special object. Great sums were raised under this act and ex-
ponded for bounties and relief. Often bonds were is,sued and
funds obtained by the sale of the bonds. Townships also acted
and raised and expended largo amounts for the support of sol-
diers' families.

This issue being of doubtful legality, the Legislatm'o passed
another act, March 3, 1 S()5, legalizing the action of cities, towns
and villages, as also townships when approved by the County
Commissioners, and directing the levy- of a tax for payment.
The next day, still another act became a law, levying 3 mills on
the dollar for the years 1865 and 1866, to aid sick soldiers, sol-
diers' families, etc. The Legislature passed several laws evinc-
ing a similar generous and patriotic spirit and a sincere and ear-
nest purpose to discharge the whole duty of the State to her suf-
fering children.

The loyal citizens throughout the whole North were active
and enthusiastic from first to last in rendering assistance in
every possible way to the soldiers in the field and to their fami-
lies at home. Much of their aid went through the State Com-
missioners, but no small amount was sent forward privately as
individual benefactions to special friends or the companies or
regiments to which they belonged. The author of Delaware
County History, lately published, has collected much information
of this sort as to that county. Perhaps a similar account might
be obtained concerning Randolph County, if the requisite y)ains
were to be taken. The author regrets that time has failed him
to make the needed researches in this particular.

The statistics found in the Adjutant General's report as to
relief are as follows:

Randolph County, *49,397.53; townships, $45,050; total,
.i;9.4,447.53; Henry County (all), $82,178.09; Grant County (all),
$31,546.25; Adams County, $18,359.44; Allen County, $73, 853-
22; Cass County, .$82,624.93.

Only eleven counties in the State have exceeded Randolph
in the amount raised by taxation for soldiers' relief, to wit: De-
catur, Delaware, Hamilton, Jackson, La Porte, Marion, St Joseph,
Tii)))ecanoe, Vigo, Wabash, Wayne.

Thus it vyill appear that this county has come fully up to the
State at large in rendering relief to soldiers' families.

Doubtless like other railroad towns, Union City and Win-
chester fed the soldier as they passed to and fro on the trains
along the railroad, and collections of money and goods were made
throughout the townships and the county at large for sanitarj
and relief purposes, and the loyal people gave freely of their
means to cheer their heroes at the front and their dependant ones
at home. ' Possibly at some future day it may be practicable to
collect details of information as to this most interesting topic,
but for the present we must forbear.

NATIONAL ACTION. ETC.

No nation probably has dealt so liberally as has oiu o\vn
with her soldiers of the war of 1861.

1. The wages were uncommonly large for the most pai-t. —
$13 and $10 besides full .support

2. The supplies were abundant and excellent.

3. Large bounties were given by the Nation, by counties and
otherwise.

4. Great sums were expended for relief.

5. Immense amounts were applied in their behalf, through
sanitary commissions, national. State and voluntary.

6. Largo quantities of bounty land have been offered and
generous ]iensions have Iwen seciu-ed to the crippled and disabled

Homes ha

' been established for the helpless, which s

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

247

supported in a style of excellence and even magnificence unparal-
leled among the nations of the earth.

In many other ways, by hospitals, nurses, etc., labor and
iQoney have been expended for their benefit both during and
since the war. Thus the Nation has shown her generous, moth-
erly kindness, and declared that the soldiers were her constant
care. SulTering and distress have, of course, existed neverthe-
less; yet wonderful efforts have been exerted without ceasing to
help and comfort, to relieve and bless. The National bounties
are stated below.

It is understood to be a fact that the soldiers at the Dayton
Soldiers' Home, and presumably at the other institutions of the
kind throughout the country, are allowed to have and enjoy full
possession and full control of th»»ir pensions, in addition to the
support furnished them at the "Home" at which they may be re-
siding.

AMOUNT.

"'""""■

1

SIOO-

400

Act July 22, 1861

aene™U.d.r.u,y2.,

Circular Oct 24, 1863
Telegram Dec. 24, 1863

Act July, 1864, Clr. 27
Act July, 1864, Olr. 27
Act July, 18M, Clr. 27

Re-enllited Volunteere > June 25, 1863, to April I,

Becruils In any l-yearorganl-i

Volunteers one y«ir ' JnJy 19', 1664', to July l]

^ ::;:::::::

First Army Veteran Corjis | Nov. 2S, 1864, to July 1,

Color^"volunt™rB''n™wKe-

10 -

Letters Not. ''la, Dec

lOJ

ActofOongreM

Actof CongrMS

Act 'o( CoDlreu.'.!™."!!
AolofCongreM

ActofCongn,,.

300

drail ......!:. ;.„."...... 1 Oct. 17 to Oct. 24 1863.

Colored Volunteers old Begts |

Coloured B«Kiment"(n""""Re-' ' ■ ■ "^^ ■

C„&V;,'.'n^':„"o^e1'„ar;i?u7,tlS,^o'i^/l'

100

200

Besides this bounty land is given to each soldier, and also the
length of service in the army is deducted from the lime otherwise
requisite to fix a hompstead claim.

According to the Adjutant General's report, Randolph had
given up to that time $115,707). In this respect other counties
have far oxceeded her. But the fact that large bounty had to bo
offered by the county is not aproof of superior loyalty, but rather
otherwise. Fifty-four counties exceed Randolph in the amount
of bounty reported as paid by public taxation. One exceeds a
million dollars ($1,224,000); two average $500,000; seven more
above $300,000; seventeen more exceed $200,000; twenty-seven
more above $115,000. These statistics, tliough accurate, may,
perhaps, not be full, since in some cases, at least, the counties
have expended money in this matter in later years. For instance,
Delaware County, in the Adjutant General's report, is rated at
$230,905.75, whereas she actually did expend at least $300,000,
her full amount for bounty having been $181,900.

The whole sum throughout the State for bounty and relief,
up to 1869. is estimated at fully $20,000,000— a wondrous sum,
willingly paid for the safety of the Federal Union, besides, of
course, twenty times that amount in public National expenditure
as the share of Indiana in the general burdens endm'ed on ac-
count of the war.

The National pensions are given briefly as follows :

All civilized nations pension their injured or disabled sol-
diers or provide for those dependent upon such. The survivors
(as also their unmarried widows) of the war of 1812 receive $8
per month. Those injured or disabled in other military service
receive sums differing in monthly amount, rising in some extreme
cases, as for the loss of both hands, eyes or feet, to $72 per
month; and those dependent upon such soldiers obtain, incase
of death,, the amount which he would hav" received if living,

with, in some cases, an additional $2 monthly for each child un-
der sixteen years of age. The Nation has, in addition to giving
pensions established several " Soldiers' Homes," at which dis-
abled soldiers may receive a complete supjxirt. The '-Home"
nearest Randolph County is at Dayton, Ohio, at which, as in
like manner elsewhere, no pains or expense is spared to furnish
maintenance and comfort to these '* heroes of the Nation, " and
in these '' Homes ' ' several thousand enfeebled or disabled men
are enjoying the bountiful supply furnished by the National
Government to such crippled and helpless ones.

Such struggles, such burdens borne, such sacrifices made, men,
money, means, so freely, so lavishly, so persistently given — such
hardshijjs, perils, sufferings, wounds, imprisonment and death so
heroically endured — such fearful things undergone through four '
long and bloody years over the face of a vast continent, show the
determination of a mighty people that the integrity of the Na-
tion shall be forever inviolate. Loyalty to the Union lies 'deep
and steadfast in the hearts of the people, and in that grand, that
sublime conviction, Randolph County, like the rest of our noble
commonwealth, is settled and grounded in a purpose firm, stead-
fast, unalterable! Sic sit semprr (so be it always).

ACCOUNT 0

Eighth Regiment Infantry, three montlis. — The Eighth Regi-
ment of Infantry of Indiana Volunteers was mustered in the serv-
ice April 25, 1861, William P. Benton, Colonel. The muster-
in took place at Indianapolis, and the muster-out at the same place,
August 6, 1861. The statistics of the regiment are as follows:

Companies, 10, A to K inclusive; officers, 37; men, 747; to-
tal, 784; died, 7; deserters, 15; accounted for, 784.

Each company consisted of seventy-four men. They were
enlisted as follows:

Company A, April 21, Wayne County.

Company B, April 23, Grant County.

Company C, April 24, Randolph County.

Company D, April 21. Delaware County.

Company E, April 22, Madison County.

Company F, April 25, Henry County.

Company G, April 22, Wayne County.

Company H, April 25. Wayne County.

Company I, April 21, Hancock County.

Company K, April 23, Wabash County.

The regiment was made up of three from Wayne, one from
Grant, one from Randolph, one from Delaware, one from Wa-
bash, one from Madison, one from Hancock and one from Henry.

They remained in camp at Indianapolis until June 19, 1801,
when they were ordered to Western Virginia, which was reached
by rail via Cincinnati, Marietta and Parkersburg. Remaining
at Clarksburg two days, the regiment marched thirty miles, to
Buckhannon, to find the rebels, who had, however, moved to Rich
Mountain. Thither the troops marched July 9, and lay in camp
Julv 10 in front of the foe. ascending the mountain the next
day; fought the battle of Rich Mountain July 11, 1861, driv-
ing the rebels from their position on the mountain, and sustain-
ing a loss of three killed and seventeen wounded.

Going into camp at Beverly for two weeks, on the 24th of
July, they returned to Indianapolis, and were soon afterward
mastered out of service, August 0, 18f)l.

The troops in the campaign in Western Virginia performed
good service. At the expiration of the term, Maj. Gen. McClel-
lan addressed Gov. Morton as follows:

Headijuakteus Akmv of Occupation, i
West ViiifHNrA. Camp near Beverly, )■
July 21, 1861. )
Gov. O. P. Morton, Indianapolis, Ind. :

GovERNOU — I have directed the three months' regiments from Indi.iua
to move to Indianapolis ; there to be mustered out and re-organized for
three years' service.

I cannot pennit thorn to return to you without again expressing my
high appreciation of the distinguished valor and endurance of the Indiana
troops, and my hope that a short time only will elapse before I shall have
the pleasure of knowing that they are again ready for the field.
I am, verj' respectfully,

lour obedient servant,

Georoe B. McClellan,

Major Oeneral United Stutea Army,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Brig. Gen. Morris also issued an address to his l)rigade, an
extract from which is here given:

•'The General tenders to all his thanks for the soldierly
l>ea)ing, the cheerful performance of every duty and the patient
endurance of the privations and fatigues of campaign life which
nil have so constantly exhibited. * * * They have cheer-
fully endured the fatigues of long and dreary marches by day
;iTid night, through rain and storm; they have borne the ex-
haustion of hunger for the sake of the country. Their labor and
siiiferiugs were not iu vain. The foe they met and vanquished,
"i our friends welcome you with pride and exultation. Your
Htate and country acknowledge the value of your labors. "

After the dissolution of the regimont. the great body of its
members re-entered service in the Eighth Indiana Infantry, en-
listed for three years. The officers and men from Randolph
County belonging to the Eighth Indiana Three Months' Regiment
are as follows: Lieutenant Colonel, Silas Colgrove, mustered out;
re-entered service as Colonel Twenty-seventh Regiment. (Where
no time is given the person was mustered out at the close of
service.

Company C, Eighth, three months- Captain, Silas Colgiove,
|>romoted Lieutenant Colonel April 20, 1801, Thomas J. Lee,
resigned; First Lieutenant, .E. M. Ives, mustered out, term ex-
pired; Second Lieutenant, Allen O. Neii', mustered out, time ex-
pired; re-entered sei-vice as Sergeant in the Eighth Regiment,
throe years: promoted Second Lieutenant.

Non-commissioned officers— Jonathan B. Harrison, First Ser-
geant; Samuel Humphrey, Michael P. Voris, Thomas S. Ken-
non, Sergeants; John McConiiell, Benjamin Shoemaker. James
Addington, Sylvanus White, Corporals; Jackson Keller, John
W. Thomas, Musicians.

Privates — Joseph A. Anderson, John R. Anderson, Ezra Bond,
James N. Bright, William Burris, Harrison Burris, Jefferson
Bush, Hiram Bromagem, Nelson Barnes, Joseph W. Cox, Edgar
Craig, Justice G. Crowell, Eli Edwards, John Edwards. John
Fraekler, George W. Fisher, Noah Freck, Prentice Gan-ett, Laban
E. Garner, Thomas W. George, Harrison Hill, Kennedy Hollings-
worth, .John C. Eollowell, T. I*. Hollingsworth, James E. Huston,
Joseph R. Jackson, John Jones, James Jones, James E. H. Jones,
Samuel O. Kearney, Thomas Kent, Isaiah W. Kemp, John Kizer,
William F. Locke, John D. Lytic, Jethro Macy, Charles Mc-
Guire. George W. McKinney, Thomas B. Mclntyre, Nathan B.
I^IaxwjU, Anthony Mincer, James M. Moore, Robert H. Morgan.
Uriah Mock, George W. xVIcCormick, George W. Price, Francis
M. Puckett, Lafayette Pursley, John C. Rush, Reuben S. Scott,
Charles Souke. Edward Stanton, Charles M. Stine, Jefferson
Sioner, Samuel Sti-ahan, David B. Strahan, James M. Thomas,
Heuiy T. Vv'ay, Jesse Way, Samuel H. Webb, William H. Wea-
ver. Samuel Williams, William H. Williams, John Yost.

Company G — Second Lieutenant, George W. H. Riley, pro-
moted Captain Company C; Captain in Eighth Three Years' In-
fantry; also Lieutenant Colonel, One Hundred and Thirty-foiu-th
Indiana Regiment. No losses or casualties occurred in Company
C. Every man came back safe and sound as he went out, leav-
iug his counti-y better for the peril he had undergone in her be-
half, and happy in the experience he had gained in the brief
campaign spent among the bluffs and mountains of Western Vir-

SIXTH INDIANA INKANTRY (THREE YKARs).

^Vas mustered in at Indianapolis September 20, 1801 ;
Colonel, T. T. Crittenden. Mustered out at Chattanooga Sep-
tember 22, 18(i4. Officers, 40; men, 950; recraits, 120: died, 242;
deserters, 48; unaccounted for, 10; total, 1,118.

The Sixth Regiment was reorganized from the Sixth Three
Months' Regiment September 20, 1801. Its tirst service was to
cross to Louisville, Ky. , then threatened l)y Buckuer, which it
performed the veiy day of its organization, being the tirst body
of troops to enter Kentucky from a Northern State. They
marched to Muldraugh's Hill, forty miles distant, camping near
Elizabethtown. The Sixth was assigned to Rousseau's Brigade,
of McCook's Division, and matched with the division to Muu-
fordsville and Bowling Green, and. in March. 1S02, to Nash-
ville; March 20, 1802, they left for the Tennessee River, reach-

ing Shiloh April 7. and fighting bravely in the battle of Shiloh
April H, saving a battery from capture, and with a determined
charge aiding to turn the tide of victory. The regiment was in
the siege and battle of Corinth.

They then marched with Buell's army through Tuscumbia,
Huntsville, Florence and Stevenson to Nashville and to Louis-
ville, arriving October 2, 1802. Thence they retui-ned to Ten-
nessee, marching with Rosecrans upon Murfreesboro, and fighting
in the battle of Stone River December 31, 1802, Januarv 1 and
2, 180B.

The regiment campaigned between Murfreesboro and Chat-
tanooga during the summer of j8G3. It was at Chickamauga
September 1 S) and 20, Col. Baldwin being killed on the first day.
It skirmished at Brown's Fer y October 27, and fought at Mission
Ridge November 25. They marched into East Tennessee and
remained till the spring of 1804.

The gallant Sixth returned to Northern Georgia for the At-
laata campaign, taking part at Tunnel Hill. Rocky Face Ridge,
Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Dallas, New Hope, AUatoona Ridge.
Kenesaw Mountain, Mai'ietta and before Atlanta.

They returned to Chattanooga in August and the body of the
regiment was mustered out September 22, 1804. The veterans
(few in number) and the recruits were transferred to the Sixty -
eighth Indiana. When that regiment was mustered out, nine
teen of the old Sixth were found still in service, and they were
again transfeiTed to the Forty-fourth, and were mustered out
with that regiment September 14, 1805,

The engagements of the Sixth were as follows: Philippi, Va..
June 3, 1801 (three months' service); Carrick's Ford, Va., July
12, 1801 (three months' service): Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 7.
1802; Corinth. Miss., siege, April 11. to May 30, 1802; Stone
River, Tenn., December 31,1802, to January 1, 2, 1803; Chicka-
mauga, Tenn., September Itl, 20, 1803; Brown's Ferry, Tenn.,
October 27, 1803; Mission Ridge, Ga., November 25, 1803; Tun-
nel Hill, Ga., May 7. 1804; Rocky Face Ridge, Ga., May 0, 1804;
Buzzard's Roost, Ga.,May 8, 1804; Resacca, Ga., May 15, 1804;
New Hope Church, Ga., May 25, 1S04; Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1804;
AMfltoona Ridge. Ga., 18(')4; Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27,
1804; Marietta, Ga., July 3, 1804; Atlanta, Ga., July 21, to
September 2, 18()4.

The service rendered by the Sixth was honorable and faith-
ful, and it was nobly and cheerfully performed.

Company H, Sixth Indiana, t hree years — William H. John-
son, wounded at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1853.

Hiram Phillips, appointed Corporal, mustered out September
22, 1804.

James Chandler, died October 1, 1803, wounded at Chicka-
mauga.

SEVENTH INDIANA INFANTKY (THREE YEARS).

Mustered in at Indianapolis September 13, 1801; Colonel,
Ebenezer Dumont. Mustered out in the field September 20,
1804. Officere, 45; men, 1,001; recruits, 207; veterans, 40;
died, 212; deserters, 20; unaccounted for, 27; total, 1,299.

The Seventh Regiment was re-organized for three years Sep-
tember 13, 1801, under Col. Dumont, and moved immediately to
W'estern Virginia, joining Gen. Reynolds at Cheat Mountain Oc-
tober 3, 1801; it was in the battle at Greenbrier, Va., and
shortly afterward marched into Shenandoah Valley, camping
there through the winter.

The regiment fought at Winchester Heights March 30, 1802,
and at Port Republic, Va., June 9. 1802, and at Front Royal,
Va., June 12, 1802. Mai-ching under Gen. Shields to Frede-
ricksburg and back to the Shenandoah, it was assigned to Gen.
McDowell's Division. They were with Pope in the Army of
Virginia, being engaged at Slaughter Mountain August 9, 1802,
and at Second Bull Run August 30, 1802. They pursued Lee
into Maryland, and fought at Antietam, Md., September 17,
1802, with a loss of two killed and eight wounded. At Ashby's
Gap, Va., their los« was four killed and six wounded. It took
part in the great battle of Fredericksburg, Va., under Burnside,
December 13, 18(;2. They were at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

249

to 5, 1863, and at Gettysburg, Penn. , July 1 to 4, 1863, losing
heavily in botb battles. The regiment was engaged at Mine
Run, Va., November 30, 1863. After camping at Cnlpeper,
Va., till the spring of 1864, they moved with Grant in the fear-
ful campaign of that awful year through the " gre&t and terrible
Wilderness " and most of the sanguinary battles during that
fearful summer. They fought in the campaign of 1864 in front
of Eichmond, as given below:

AVilderness, May 5, 0, 1864; Laurel Hill, May 7, 1864;
Spottsylvania, May 10, 1864; Po River, May 10 to 12, 1864;
North Anna, May 25, 1864; Bethesda Church, May 30, 31, 1864;
Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. The assault on Petersburg was
made June 16, 1864, and the Seventh was in that fierce but ud-
snccessfnl attack. It remained in the siege of Petersburg till
August 18, and then moved to cut the Weldon Railroad, and
took part in the fight at Yellow House, Va., August 10, 1864.
On the 23d of September, 1864, the Seventh was consolidated
with the Nineteenth, under the name of the Nineteenth, and this
new regiment again with the new Twentieth (made up of tiie
Fourteenth and Twentieth united) October 18, 1864.

Its members were mustered out with the Twentieth Indiana
July 12, 1865, returning to Indianapolis for payment and final
discharge. Its battles were these:

Greenbrier, Va., October 3, 1861; Winchester Heights, Va.,
March 23, 1862; Port Republic, Va,, June 9, 1862; Front Roy-
al, Va., June 12, 1862; Slaughter Mountain, Va. August 9,
1862; Second Bull Run, Va., August 30, 1862; Antietam, Va.,
September 17, 1862; Ashby's Gap, Va., November 2, 1862;
Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862; Chancellorsville, Va.,
May 2 to 5, 1863; Gettysburg, Penn., July 1 to 4, 1863; Mine
Run, Va., November 30, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, 1864;
Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 12,
1864; Po River, Va., May 8 to 10, 1864; North Anna, Va.,
May 25, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., May 30, 31, June 1, 1864;
Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1862; assault on Petersbui-g, Va.,
June 16, 1864; siege of Petersburg, Va., June 17, August 18,
1864; Weldon Railroad, Va., August 18, 1864; Yellow House,
Va., August 19, 1864.

A formidable list of battles indeed for a single regiment!
Twenty-three engagements, and among them Second Bull Run,
Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilder-
ness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. The blood
curdles at the heart only to think of so fearful hu experience of
three such long years of hardship, peril and bloodshed as was
undergone by the heroic and unconquerable Seventh Indiana.

The men in the Seventh Indiana (three years) from Ran-
dolph County are as follows:

Company B, Seventh Indiana Infantry — John M. Bray, dis-
charged February 9, 1862; disability.

Wesley Bray, transferred to Twentieth Regiment; died.

Eli Gregory, transferred to Twentieth Regiment; captui-ed;
died in Salisbury Prison November 22, 1864.

EIGHTH INDIANA INTANTRY (tHREE VEAKS).

Mustered in at Indianapolis September 5, 1861; Colonel,
William P. Benton. Mustered out at Savannah, Ga., August 28,
1865. Officers, 46; men, 1,000; recruita, 177; re-enlisted, 480;
unassigned recruits, 17; died, 245; deserted, 75; unaccounted
for, 47; total, 1,672.

The Eighth Indiana Regiment of infantry left Indianapolis
September 10, 1861, arriving at St Louis the next day. Joining
Gen. Fremont's army shortly, they marched to Jefferson City,
reaching that town September 14. staying there a week, and
while there being united with the brigade commanded by Col. Jeff.
C. Davis, of the Twenty-second Indiana Volunteers. September
22, the regiment set out for Springfield. Reaching that place in
fourteen days, they returned to Otterville in seven days. At
Warrensburg, Mo , they aided in capturing 1,300 rebels, Decem-
ber 17, 1861. Returning to Otterville, the regiment encampjd
till January 24, 1862, and then joined Gen. Curtis at Spring-
field, continuing the march to Cross Timbers, Ai-k., soon after
which the Eighth participated in the great battle of Pea Ridge,
Ark., March 6, 7 and 8, 1862. Remaining at Cross Timbers

nearly a month, the regiment crossed the Ozark Mountains,
marched down White River Valley, and so to Bat«sville, Ark.
They made a halt for two months at Sulphur Rock. Helena on
the Mississippi was reached July 13, 1862. This march was a
severe journey, provisions being very scarce and hard to get.
Foiu: ears of corn and a little meat were often a day's rations.
On this march the battle of Cotton Plant was fought

In August, the battle of Au.stin took place; October 6, 1862,
they were put under command of Gen. Steele, went to Sulphur
Hill, near St. Louis, thence to Irouton, where they arrived Octo-
ber 11. The regiment was kept on the march to and fro in
Southeast Missomri till March 5, 1863 They were then sent to
Milliken's Bend, where they were assigned to Benton's Brigade,
in Carr's Division of the Thirteenth Corps, McClemand com-
manding. April 29, 1863, the regiment crossed the Mississippi,
and helped to fight the battles near Port Gibson, losing thirty-
two; they were at Jackson May 14; at Champion Hills May 16;
at Black River Bridge May 17, and in the siege of Vicksburg
from May 19 till July 4.

July 5, the regiment went again to Jackson. The place was
captured and the ti'oops returned to Vicksburg July 24, lemain-
ing there till August 20. They were then ordered to Carrolltori;
near New Orleans, by steamer, as also across the country thi-ough
the Teche region, under Gen. Banks, and thence via Berwick
City over the waters of the Gulf to Texas. November 17, the
fort on Mustang Island, near Aransas Pass, was taken by the
Union troops, and, November 27. Fort Esperanza was captured.

They went thence to Indianola, and there re-enlisted as vet
erans, January 1, 1864, 417 out of 517 being mustered into
the new organization. Before this time, the losses by death in
the regiment were as follows: Killed in action, 48; died of
wounds, 32; died of disease, 137; total, 217. Of course, a
larger number still had been discharged for disability, while yet
many recruits had joined their ranks.

The regiment in the spring received a furlough and reached
Indianapolis April 22, In May, they returned to the South,
went to Morganza Bend, July 27, and defeated the confederates
at Atchafalaya July 28. Soon afterward, this veteran regiment
was transferred from the extreme South to the army on the At -
lantic seaboard. They reached Washington City August 12,

1864, being sent immediately to Berryville, Va, and joining the
Nineteenth Corps. They were with Sheridan in the Shenandoah
Valley campaign, being present in the battles of Opeqnan, Fish-
er's Hill and Cedar Creek, September 19 and 22 and October 19.
January 16. 1865, the regiment left for Savannah, Ga., by way
of Baltimore, reaching the former place January 26, 1865, after
a rail and steamer trip of ten days. It was retained on duty in
Georgia till August, 1865.

They were mustered out (probably at Sa-\annah) August 28,

1865. They arrived at Indianapolis September 17, 1 865, under
Col. John R. Polk, with fourteen officers and 245 men

Gov. Morton addressed the returned veterans in words of
blended welcome and farewell, as they were assembled in his
presence in the capitol, and that heroic band of faithful com-
rades, many of whom had gone through fire and flood togothoj-
aud traversed a continent in company, gave each to each the
parting hand and sought each for himself his home and family
and friends.

The travels of the Eighth were a marvel. To St. Louis,
Jefferson, Springfield; to Cross Timbers, Pea Ridge; across
through the Arkansas swamps to Helena; liack to St. Louis
again; down the river to Vicksburg, thence to New Orleans;
through Louisiana to Texas, home on a furlough, and to New
Orleans; thence by a single movement to the eastern slope of
the Alleghaniert and the sea; to the Shenandoah and to Georgia,
and at last, "When that cruel war was over," they made jus<
one more movement, from the waters of the Gulf to the lovely
valley of the Ohio, and to the homes of their childhood and the
abodes of their youth and manhood,

i The engagements in which the Eighth took part are given

I below in a connected view:

I Warrensburg, Mo., December 17. 1861; Pea Ridge, Ark.,
H- • " - " ■«>"" - ■■ ^. . . . , , .- ...„., . ,.

March 6, 7,8, 1862: Cotton Plant, Ark., July 7, 1882; Austin,

250

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COTINTY.

Miss., August, 1862; Port Gibson, Miss., Mav 1, 1803; Jackson,
Miss., May 14, 1863;^ Champion Hills, May 16,1803; Black
Eiver Bridge, May 17, 1803; siege of Vicksburg, Mav 19 to
July 4, 1803; siege of Jackson, July « to 10, 1803; Mustang
Island, Texas, November 17, 1803; Fort Eaperanza, Texas, Nov-
ember 17. 1803; Atchafalava, La.. July 28, 1864; Opequan, Va.,
September 19, 1804; Fisher's Hill. Va.. September 22. 1804;
Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1804.

The officers and soldiers from Randolph County in the Eighth
Indiana Infantry (three years), are as follows-

Regimental officers — Assistant Surgeon, George W. Bruce, re-
signed January 20, 1863.

Company G, Eighth Indiana— Captain, George W. H. Riley,
resigned March 4, 1863; Second Lieutenant, Jesse W. Way,
promoted First Lieutenant; resigned November 13, 1863; Be-
naiah C. Hoyt, First Sergeant, reduced to Fifth Sergeant;
wounded at Pea Ridge, discharged March 4, 1863, disability;
William H. Keller, Sergeant, veteran, promoted Second Lieu-
tenant, promoted First Lieutenant, promoted Captain, mustered
out August 28, 1S05 (W. H. K. is from Cambridge City); Michael
P. Voria, Sergeant, discharged September 25, 1802; Allen O.
Neff, Sergeant, promoted Second Lieutenant: wounded at Pea
Ridge, promoted First Lieutenant, resigned June 18, 1863.

Corporals — Charles C Smith, appointed Hospital Steward
April 1. 1802; Samuel H. Webb, wounded at Pea Ridge, veter-
an; died October 22, 1864, of wounds; William Pogue, veteran;
mustered out August 28, 1865; Jeffenson Bush, discharged March
12. 1803, disability; James M Thomas, discharged October 27,
1802; disability; Stanton J. Peolle, discharged for promotion
as Second Lieutenant in the Fifty-seveuth Regiment.

Musicians — William Farra, veteran, mustered out August
28, 1865; Henry C. Voris, wounded at Pea Ridge, veteran, mus-
tered out August 28, 1805.

Private.s (mustered out with regiment August 2iS, 1865) --
Michael Doyle, veteran; John Farra, veteran; Isaac Gillum, vet-
eran; Elijah Harlan, veteran, appointed Corporal; Kenworthy
C. Hollingsworth, veteran, appointed Corporal, cajitured at Cedar
Creek; Nathaniel Pugh, veteran; Edward Stanton, veteran; Syl-
vanus White, veteran; William W. Smith, veteran.

George Bartholomew, mustered out Se))t. 4, 1864; Mansfield W.
Ely, transf furred to Mississifipi Marine Brigade March 12, 1803, dis-
charged; Henry C. Brandon, died May 5, 1803, of wounds received
at Port Gibson, Miss.; Samuel Bunipas, discharged November 28,
1803; Thomas W. Coffin, veteran, mastered out June 7, 1805; Jo-
seph S. Duer, appointed Corporal, wounded at Vicksburg, mustered
out September 4, 1864; George W. Fisher, discharged October Ki,
1862, disability; John Ford, mustered out June 14, 1805; Grover
G. Fowler, discharged for wounds at Pea Ridge, Ark.; John
French, died at Union City, Ind. ; Thomas Gillum, record in-
definite; Edward Fray, discharged December 23, 1802, disa-
bility; George W. Grimes, wounded at Pea Ridge, discharged
March 17, 1863, disability; Abner Hinshaw, died at St. Louis
January 7, 1863, disease; John T. Jenkins, veteran, killed at
Opequan, Va. , September 19. 1864; Richard E. Jenkins, died at
St Louis, Mo., April 16, 1863, disease; Benjamin Jordan, mus-
tered out September 4, 1804; Wesley Jordan, mustered out
September 4, 18(54; Lewis Mock, veteran, record indefinite;
Isaac C. Moody, died, date unknown; (3harles C. B. Mullen,
record indefinite; C!lark Predmore, mustered out September 4,
1804; William Pullman, wounded at Pea Ridge and Vicksburg,
mustered out September 4, 1804; Michael Rariden, died at Union
City, Ind., December 20. 1863; James C. Smith, discharged Do
cember 31, 1861, disability; James' T. Smith, wounded at Pea
Ridge, mustered out September 4, 1864; George AV. Starbuck,
record indefinite; Williiun Stine, discharged January 8, 1803,
minority; Isaac C. Sutton, discharged Augast 9, ]8(i2, disability;
Martin R. Thomas, died at Winchester, Ind., August 10, 1802,
disease; William Tutor, record indefinite; Henry T. Warner,
died at St. Louis, Mo., October 10, 1802, disease; Samuel Wilson,
died at St. Louis, Mo., November, 1861, disease; Charles Wood,
died at Humanaville, Mo., November 12, 1802, disease; Chris-
tian H. Wright, discharged May 17, 1862, disability.

Recruits — William H. Ashville, mustered out June 14, 1805;

Alexander Jordan, veteran, captured at Cedar Creek, Va., Octo-
ber 19, 1864. mustered out September 22, 1865; Charles Mc-
Guire, died at St. Louis February 22, 1863, disease; Anthony
Mincer, died June 7, 1803, of wounds received at Vicksburg;
John W. Page, veteran, mustered out June 14, 1805; Francis
M. Puckett, veteran, discharged June 14, 1865; Isaac A. Sharp,
discharged March 17, 1863, disability: Ezra Smith, discharged
December 31, 18f)2, disability: John R. Smith, transferred to
Veteran Reserve Corps May 31, 1864; Letaman A. White, trans-
ferred to A'eteran Reserve Corps May 31, 1804.

.• (TI

AI.S).

Mustered in at La Porto, Ind., September 5, 1801; Colonel.
Robert H. Milroy. Mustered out in Texas September 28, 1805.
Officei-s, 47; men. 1,010; recruits. 747: veterans, 291; died, 351;
deserted, 125; unaccounted for, 18; total, 2,195.

The regiment went first to Western Virginia, encamping on
Cheat Mountain summit for winter quarters, participating in the
battle of (rreenbrier October 3, and of Alleghany December 1 3,
1801. January 9, 1802, they marched to Fetterman. Va., re-
maining till February 19, 1862. They were then sent by rail to
Cincinnati and to Nashville by steamer, joining Gen. Bnell's
army. March 29, 1862, the regiment marched to Tennessee
River, taking part in the second day's fight at Shiloh, April 7,
1862; thence to Coriuth, Miss. They marched thence by Athens,
Ala., and Franklin and Mm-freesboro. Tenn., to Nashville; thence
to Bowling Green and back to Nashville; thence by Louisville
and in pursuit of Bragg to Perryville; thence by Danville and
Crab Orchard to the Wildcat Mountains and to Nashville. In
these marches, the Ninth Regiment was engaged in the battles
of Perryville, Danville and Wildcat Mountain. They afterward
marched to Murfreesboro and wore at Stone River, Tenn., march-
ing thence over the Cumberland Mountains and the Tennessee
River to Chattanooga. Tliey fought at Chickamauga, Lookout
Mountain and Mission Ridge, thence across the Cumberland
range again tb Bridgeport and to Whiteside, Tenn. Here the
soldiers of the Ninth re-enlisted as veterans, Decemb«;r 12, 1863,
taking veteran furlough, and left Valparaiso, Ind.. for the front
February 21, 1804. passing through Indianapolis, Louisville.
Nashville and Chattanooga to Cleveland, Tenn. The regiment
went through the entire Atlanta campaign, during the spring
and summer of 1864, marching through Ringgold, Dalt'jn, Res-
aca. Kingston, Cassville, around Allatoona Mountain, to Ack-
worth. Big Shanty and Marietta and in the flank movement
around Atlanta; through Jonesboro and Lovejoy, and back to
Atlanta. In this campaign of mouths of solid fighting, the sol-
diers of the Ninth fought at Taylors Ridge, Buzzard's Roost,
Dalton, Resaca, Cassville, Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw,
Marietta, I'eich Tree Creek, Atlanta. Jonesboro and Lovejoy.
They pursued Hood to Dalton, marching thence to Athens and
to Pulaski, Tenn. , arriving November 1, 1 864. It was engaged
at Columbia, Tenn., at Franklin and at Nashville, and chased
Hood's flying legions to Huntsville, Ala., remaining there from
January 6 to March 13, 1865. They then passed into East Ten-
nessee, beyond Bull's Gap, and back to Nashville, reaching it
May 25, 1 865. It was sent thence to New Orleans and to Texas,
remaining as part of Sheridan's Army of Occupation till Sep-
tember. 1865, when it was mustered out of service, in Texas, and
the soldiers wore sent to their respective homes.

The battles of the Ninth Indiana Infantiy are as follows;
Greenbrier, V.t, October 3, 1801; Alleghanv, Va., December
13, 1801; Shiloh, Tenn., April 7, 1802; Corinth (siege), April
11, to May 30. 1862; Perrvville, Ky., October 8, 1862: Danville,
Ky., 1802; Wildcat Mountain, Ky., October 21, 1862; Stone
River, Tenn.. December 31, 1862, January 1, 2, 1863; Chicka-
mauga, Tenn., September 19, 20, ]8f)3; Lookout Mountain, Ga..
November 24, 1803; Mission Ridge, Ga., November 25, 1863;
Taylor's Ridge, Ga., May, 1864; Buzzard's Roost, Ga., May 8.
1804; Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1804; Cassville, Ga., May 19. 1864;
Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1804; New Hojie Church, Ga., May 25,
1864; Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864; Marietta. Ga., July
3, 1804; Atlanta. Ga., July 21, September 2, 1864; Jonesboro.
Ga., September 1, 1864; Dalton, Ga., August 15, 1804: Lovejoy,

4:S,7i^^'^^^

Se-"- 0 S COLORED

ilU^Ja^

(ex-clerk] "CO. E.36"! REGT. IND.V

Amos Hall.

CO. H.84":'IND.V. INF.

CAPT C0.C.19T':' IND. V. INF.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

251

Ga., September 2, 1864; Columbia, Tenn., November 20, 1864;
Franklin, Tenn., November 80, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., Decem-
ber 15, 16. 1804.

The Ninth Kegiment, it will be noticed, did their full share
of fighting, being engaged in twentj'-six battles, to say nothing
of skirmishes, etc. Many of themvyere chief among the engage-
ments of the war — Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga,
Lookout Mountain, MissioQ Ridge, Resaca, Kenesaw, Franklin,
Nashville — ten large battles make a strong showing for the rec-
ord of the Ninth Indiana.

The members of the Ninth Indiana (three years) from Ran-
dolph County are as follows:

Company A — Charles Anderson, mustered out June 20, 1805;
Francis M. Singer, assigned, never reported.

Company C — Samuel Armstrong, died May 28, 1805; Eli
Cadwallader, Job Horner, Jeremiah Horn, mustered out July 9,
1865.

Snbetitates— William C. Blizzard, mustered out September
27, 1865; Eli Burkett, died of disease December 18, 1864; Silas
S. Clark, Peter Fnnderburg, mustered out September 28, 1865;
Thomas K Karnes, record indefinite; James McFetridge, died
June 17, 1865, disease.

Company G — Col. N. Steele, mustered out June 20, 1865.

Company H — Wilson Benning, mustered out September 28,
1865; Jonathan Edwards, mustered out June 19, 1865; Robert
Engle, record indefinite; Daniel Frv, mustered out August 13,
1865; Honrj- Garrett, William F. Stillwell, mustered out June

19, 1805; James N. Wright, mustered out June 19, 1865; Jacob
D. Bales, mustered out May 80, 1865; Austin F. Conyer, James
P. Ellis, Philip W. Miller, mustered out September 28, 1805;
James Nicholas, died January 15, 1865; Aaron Oren, mustered
out May 30, 1865 (the last six were substitutes).

Company I — John W. Clark, mustered out Juno 21, 1805;
Josiah French, died at Nashville, Tenn., January 5, 1805, disease.

Company K — David Boocher, mustered out September 28,
1865, ateent, sick; Joseph Devoss, mustered out June 20, 1805;
David A. Green, discharged May 25, 1805, disability; Joshua
Green, mustered out May 23, 1865; John A. Green, Elias Phil-
lips, David A. Switzer, mustered out June 20. 1805; John W.
Switzer, discharged June 8, 1865, disability; Isaiah Woodard,
died at Knoxville, Tenn., April 30, 1865; Sylvester Willey, dis-
charged June 8. 1835, disability; Darius Orr, mustered out May

20, 1805.

ELEVENTH INDIANA INFANTRY, THREE YEARS.

The synopsis of the record of the Eleventh Regiment, given
in the report of the State Adjutant General, stands thus:
Upper Potomac (three months), 1801.
Western Kentucky (thi-ee years), 1861.
Tennessee and Kentucky, 1862.
Siege of Corinth and pursuit of Bragg, 1862.
Against Vicksburg 1863.
Louisiana, 1863-64.
Shenandoah Valley, 1864.

STATISTICS.

Mustered in at Indianapolis, August 31, 1861, Colonel Lewis
Wallace. Mustered out at Baltimore July 26, 1865.

Officers, 49; men, 1,010; recruits, 963; veterans, 296; died
245; deserted, 25; unaccounted for, 239; total, 2,348.

Veteranized at Madisonville, La., February 1, 1864; took
veteran furlough by steamer from New Orleans via New York,
and thence by rail to Indianapolis, arriving February 21, 1864;
public reception by Gov. Morton on that day; reached New
Orleans in return May 8, 1804; came by steamer to Fortress
Monroe July 28, 1864; Shenandoah Valley, July 28, 1864, Jan-
uary, 1805; Baltimore, Md., January 7, July 26, 1805; mus-
tered out at Baltimore July 20, 1865; public reception at Indian-
apolis August 4, 1865. The Eleventh Regiment marched 9,318
miles. Battles in which they took part:

Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Port Gibson, Champion
Hills, Black River Bridge, Vicksburg, siege of Jackson, Teche
Country, Lake Tasse, Perryville, Opequan, Fisher's Hill, Cedar
Creek, New Market.

Members of the Eleventli Indiana Infantry (three years),
from Randolph County;

Company I (Eleventh Indiana)— John Day, record indefinite;
Richard Fay, record indefinite.

TWELFTH INDIANA INFANTRY, THREE YEARS.

Mustered in at Indianapolis August 17, 1862, Colonel William
H. Link. Mustered out at Washington City June 8, 1805.

Officers, 41; men, 907; recruits, 384; died, 193; deserted, 8;
unaccounted for. 13; total, 1,332.

SYNOPTICAL RECORD.

Upper Potomac, 1861-62.

Shenandoah Valley, 1802.

Against Kirby Smith in Kentucky, 1862.

Pursuit of Bragg, 1802.

West Tennessee, 1862.

Against Vicksburg, 1862.

Chattanooga and East Tennessee, 1863.

Against Atlanta, 1804.

Sherman to the sea, 1864.

Through the Carolinas, 1805.

BATTLES — TWELFTH E

Richmond, Ky., 173 killed and wounded; regiment mostly
taken prisoners; Col. Link killed.

Battles of the Vicksbiu'g campaign. Mission Ridge, Atlanta
campaign, Griswoldsville, Savannah, Columbia and Bentonville.

The regiment returned to Indianapolis 270 strong, and were
publicly received by Gov. Morton June 14, 1865.

The recruits and drafted men were transferred to the Forty-
eighth and Fifty-ninth Regiments, and kept in service another
month, being mustered out July 15 and 17, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.

Men belonging to the Twelfth Indiana from Randolph
County :

Company A. — Joseph Urick mustered out June 8, 1865;
Benjamin Mann, mustered out June 8, 1865.

THIRTEENTH INDIANA INF^iNTRY, THREE YEARS.

Mustered in at Indianapolis June 19, 1861; Colonel J. C.
Sullivan. Mustered out at Goldsboro, N. C, September 5, 1865.

Officers, 41; men, 1,006; recruits, 232; veterans, 148; died,
136; deserted, 103; unaccounted for, 25; total, 1,427.

The Thirteenth was one of the earliest six regiments for
three years from Indiana, viz. :

Twelfth, May 11, 1861; Sixteenth, May 11, 1861; Four-
teenth, June 7, 1861; Seventeenth, June 12, 1861; Fifteenth,
June 14. 1861; Thirteenth, June 19, 1861.

It left for the field July 4, 1861, reaching McClellan's forces
at the base of Rich Mountain July 10, going into the action of
Rich Mountain the next day, with eight killed and nine wounded.
September 12 and 13, the battles of Cheat Mountain and Elk-
water were fought, and the Thirteenth was engaged in both.

The regiment fought at Greenbrier and Alleghany, and at
Winchester Heights March 22, 1862, losing six killed and thirty-
three wounded; also pursuing Stonewall Jackson to New Market
and Columbia Bridge. At Summerville their loss was four
wounded and twenty-four prisoners. They marched over the
Blue Ridge to McDowell, and were sent back to Shenandoah
Valley Jtme 28, 1802; they were sent to Harrison's Landing on
the James, and afterward to Fortress Monroe and to Suffolk on
the Nansemond River. There they stayed nine months, engaging
in numerous operations. Among them were reconnoissances to
Blackwater October 3, November 7, December 15; battle of De-
serted Farm, January 50, 1805.

Repulse of Gen. Longstreet from Suffolk April 10, May 3,
1863; tearing up forty miles of track from two railroads May 1-3
and 19, 1863. They marched 400 miles and lost two killed,
nineteen wounded and seven prisoners.

After destroying railroads north of Richmond, the regiment
was dispatched to Charleston harbor, reaching Folly Island Aug-
ust 3, 1863, and taking part in the siege of Forts Wagner and

252

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Gregg, entering tie first into Fort Wngner in the assault
against that fort September 7.

The regiment veteranized on Folly Island December, 1803,
and the veterans reached Indianapolis on home furlongh Janu-
ary 1, 1804.

Eeturningto their flag, the regiment was with Gen. Seymour
at Jacksonville in Florida until April 17, 1S04, and was then
transferred to Gen. Butler's <irmy in front of Kiclunond, arriving
at Bermuda Hundred May "i, 1SG4.

They were in the actions of Wathal Jiinction May 7, Chester
Station May 10, and Foster's Farm May 20, losing in the three
engagements about two hundi-ed men. They were at Cold Har-
bor June 3, and in various actions with the Potomac Axmy until
June 12, and then returned to Bermuda Hundred, aiding in the
assault on Potersbiurg June 10. The non-vete.-ans left the reg-
iment June 19, going to Indianapolis to be mustered out.

The regiment was at the fatal charge on Petersburg after the
explosion of the mine July ;W, 1804, as also at Strawberry
Plains, Chapin's Bluff and the attack ou the rebel works before
Richmond October 10, 1804. They wore ordered to New York
to assist in prusei-ving order at the elections in November, and
returned December 3 to join the expedition against Fort Fisher.

When the nou veterans left, the regiment was formed at lirst
into a battalion of live companies, but was afterward made a full
regiment by adding five companies of drafted men.

Januaiy 3, 1805, the regiment sailed against Fort Fisher,
assisting to capture that stronghold, as also Fort Anderson on
the lyth of February, ISO."). They were a pm-t of the forces
that occupied Wilmington February 22, and after some weeks
marched to Raleigh, arriving April 14, and remaining there un-
til July 20, 1805. Thence they wont to Goldsboro, and were
mustered out at that place September 5, starting for Indianapolis
September 7, and arriving September 15, 18()5, with twenty-
nine officers and 550 enlisted men.

Men from Randolph County in the Thirteenth:

Company E (reorganized) — Hiram W. Seeley, api>ointed
Corporal; mustered out September 5, 1805.

Company 1 (re-organized) — Edward Courtooy, record indefi-
nite.

John S. Debolt, mustered out August lU, 1805.

Fidel Higi, mustered out September 5, 1805.

J oseph E. R)ihel, First Sergeant, mustered out September 5,
] 805. John Thomas, record indefinite.

Regiment mustered in at Indianapolis August 19, 1801;
Colonel, T.J.Lucas; rogimentmusteredout at New Orleans June
30, 1805.

Officers, 42; men 921; recraits, 523; veterans, none; died,
271; deserted, 30; unaccounted for, 204; total, 1,480.

Upper Potomac, 1801; Shenandoah Valley, 1802; against
Kirby Smith, 1802; Mississippi Valley, 1802-03; against Vicks-
biu'g, 1803; Louisiana, 1803; Red River. 1804; Loni.siana, 1805.

Mustered out at New Oi-leans June 3(1, 1805.

Arrived at Indianapolis with 305 officer.s and men July 10,
1 805. Public reception by Gov. Morton, Gen. Hovey and others.

The recruits whose terms of service had not yet expired were
transferred to the Thirteenth Cavalry, the Sixteenth having
ycrved as cavalry for .some time with acceptance.

AV'ith the Thirteenth Cavalry the recruits were mustered out
ill October, 1805.

Members from Randolph County: Elliot Robertson, must<ired
out May 15, 1805.

SEVENTEENTH INDI.

Regiment mustered in at Indianapolis June 12. 1801 ; Colonel,
Mile S. Hascall; regiment mustered out at Mac<m, Ga., August
8, 1805.

Officers, 49; men, 1,014; recruits, 940; veterans, 288; died,
232; deserted, 101; unaccounted for, 82; total, 2.311.

Loss in killed and wounded, 238 ; assisted to capture more than
five thons:ind prisoners; marched more than four thousand miles;
captured more than six thousand stand of arms; captured

seventy pieces of ai'tillery; captured eleven stand of colors;
captmed more than three thousand horses and mules.

Regiment mounted during February, 1803; armed with

incer rifles May 18, 1803.

Regiment re-enlisted as veterans at Pulaski, Tenn., Januarv
4. 1804.

Regiment arrived at Indianapolis on veteran forlongh Janu-
ary 25, 1804.

Regiment pm'chased horses in Indiana for remounting and
returned mounted to Nashville, and to Sherman's ai'my before
Atlanta May 10, 1804.

Regiment engaged in skirmishes in the Atlanta campaign at
many places — Pumpkin Vino Church, Big Shanty, Belle Plain
Road. Kenesaw, Marietta, Chattahoochie River, Stone Moun-
tain, Flat Rock, New Hoi)e Church, Rome, Coosaville, Leosburg
and Goshen.

Remounted at Louisville, Ky., December 24, 18(54, and went
South again to Alabama It fought Roddy and Forrest at Eben-
ezer Church, Ga., April 1, 1805; fought also at Selma, Ala,
Ajiril 2, capturing four pieces of artillery and 300 prisoners; at
Macon, Ga., also, they assisted in taking 3,()0() prisoners, five
stand of colors, sixty pieces of artillery and 3,00() small arms.
The Seventeenth was an exceedingly energetic regiment, and
pei formed efficient and thorough service, which helped greatly
in conquering the rebellion and compelling a peace; for all
which and for their heroism, and for their great achievements,
all honor to the gallant Seventeenth Indiana.

Members belonging to tho Seventeenth : David H. Chase, aj)-
pointed Hospital Steward; mtistered out June - , 18()5.

Solomon iMertxlith, Colonel: regiment mustered in at Indian-
apolis Julv 29, 1S01; mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 12,
1805.

Officers, 43; men, 1,011; recruits, 447; veterans, 213; died,
207; deserted (unknown); unaccounted for. 451; total, 1,014.

Note. — A larger number is unaccounted for than in any other
regiment.

The Nineteenth had not nearly so large a field of operations
as some others, spending its whole four years in the Army of the
Potomac But what it lacked in extent of territory was made uji
in severity of service. In sickness, in loss by killed and
wounded and ])risonei-8 and death by disease, the sufferings and
hardships of the Old Nineteenth were wonderful. Its first ex-
perience of battle was at Lewinsville, but by no means its last.
At Gainesville and Manassas Junction. South Mountain and An-
tietam, and the terribly fatal attack on Fredericksburg, at Get-
tysburg and the fearful AVilderness campaign, ever in the post
of danger and of death, the brigade composed in part of the
Nineteenth, long before the battle of Gettysburg had richly
earned the name by which it was knovra throughout the Potomac
Army — " Tho Iron Brigade."

The history of the Nineteenth Indiana may be given in brief
as follows:

Leaving Indianapolis August 5, 1801, it joined forthwith
the Potomac Amiy August 9. At Lewinsville they were engaged
with a slight loss of three killed and wounded, and tlu-ee pris-
oners. They were in the engagement at Falls Church Septem-
ber 28, and wintered at Fort Craig, on Arlington Heights. The
regiment spent the spring and summer until August in recon-
noissances in Virginia, marching to Fredericksburg, to the Shen-
andoah Valley, to Wan-onton, to Fredericksburg again. Spottsyl-
vania and Cedar Mountain. At Gainesville, their loss was heavy
— 187 killed and wounded, and thirty-three missing.

Maj. Isaac M. May fell in that action. They were engaged
at Manassas Jimction, and not long after at South Mountain Sep
tembor 14, 1802, with forty killed and woimded, and again in
the world-renowned conflict of Antietam September 17, 1802.
with fearful hardships and heavj' loss, their Lieutenant Colonel
Alois O. Bachman, being killetl on that awful field of blood and
slaughter.

October 0, Col. Meredith' was promoted Brigadier General,
and Ijiout. Col. Samuol J. Williams became Colonel. The regi

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

253

ment fought in the attack on Fredericksburg December IH, 1862,
and wintered at Belle Plain.

They marched to Gettysburg, arriving on the morning of
July 1, ]S(i8. A large part of the regiment was captured in
that battle, and the poor sufferers spent weary months in those
dens of unspeakable horror, the rebel prison-pens. The "Iron
Brigade" opened the battle of Gettysburg about '.» o'clock in the
morning of July 1 , the Nineteenth being the regiment lirst en-
gaged.

In the campaign of the Wilderness, during the summer of
l.S()4, the Nineteenth was conspicuous in the sanguinary contest
of that memorable period.

Daring the winter of 1804, a portion of the remnant of the
Nineteenth re-enlisted as veterans. Col. Williams was killed in
ihe Wilderness, and Lieut. Col. Lindley took his place.

The old regiments had become so reduced that a consolida-
tion was effected in the fall of 18(U. The Fourteenth and
Twentieth were united as the new Twentietli. The Seventh and
the Nineteenth were joined as the new Nineteenth September
2:3, 18(U.

The two new regiments were again consolidated as the
Twentieth October 18, 1864,. witlj Col. William Orr as the com-
manding officer. . The Twentieth ^va.H mustered out at Louisville
July 12, 1865. ■■

These regiments had in truth undergone a hard, severe, la-
borious, deadly service.

Groat numbers were killed and wounded, and a fair greater
number died of disease, and still more were discharged f o? 'dis^
ability. Four regiments were consolidated into one, and only a
meager few remained even then to recount' the story of their
achievements. Out of, ri,801 men who had l^elongecT to the four;
regiments, there were present at the final muster-out of the
Twentieth Kegiment barely twenty-thvee officers and S'.'O men. ,
The soul shudders at the incalculabl^.,,9acrifice ofi Mklth and life,
aud the unspeakable burden of human suffering wl'kpped tip in
the bare statement of statistics given above— 5,801 men reduced
to 410. Alas! "alas! how little knew or cared the reckless men
who struck the fatal blow that opened the mortal strife what a
bitter fountain of poisonous, deadly waters was by their fratri-
cidal hand unsealed to pour its fatal flood widespread over the
horror-stricken land!

Lewinsville, Va., September 11, 1861, tlu'oo killed and
wounded, and three prisoners.

Gainesville, Va., August 26, 1862, 183 killed and wounVied
and three missing. ■ '.' < ■ '

Manassas Junction, Va, , August 30, 1862, slight loss.

South Mountain, Va., September 14, 1862. forty killed and
woimded. and seven missing.

Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862, lost 163 men. .

Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862.

Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863, loss 210.

Mine Run, Va., November, 1863. ' ,,

Wilderness to Cold Harbor, May, 1874.

Petersburg, Va., June, 1864, casualties, 220.

Weldon Railroad, Va., August 10 and 20, 1864.

Members of the Nineteenth Indiana credited to Randolph
County: Company C, Ninteenth Indiana Infantry — Caittain,
Robert W. Hamilton; resigned October 23, 1863.

First Lieutenant, Reuben B. Farra; resigned January 8, 18<)2.

Second Lieutenant, William M. Campbell,.,promoted Captain
Company I; resigned October 15, 1862.

Joseph Cook. First Sergeant, promoted Second Lieutenant;
First Ijieutenant, Captain, died Febiniary 27, 1863.

Sergeants — Henry Ammerman (really from Jay County),
promoted Second Lieutenant; resigned May 8, 18f)2.

Joel A. Newman, promoted Second Lieutenant; First Lieu-
tenant; resigned February 9, 1863.

Joseph T. Ives, wounded at South Mountain, promoted Second
Lieutenant; First Lieutenant; resigned Februaiy 9, 1863.

William W. Macy, wounded at South Mountain; promoted
First Lieutenant; Captain of Company I, Twentieth Regiment;

transferred to Company A, Twentieth Regiment; mustered out
with regiment.

Corporals — William Williamson, not accounted for.

David Garringer, transferred to Twentienth Regiment.

William Griffin, not accounted for.

Benjamin F. Macy, not accounted for.

George Allman, appointed Sergeant; died Octobor 11, 1862,
from wounds received at Antietam, September, 1862 (Penn-
ville, Jay County).

James H. Bowman, discharged March 2, 1864; wounded.

Luther Moorman, mustered out with regiment.

William Kiunon, not accounted for.

Musicians— Henry Knight, veteran, transferred to Twentieth
Regiment. James W. Crowell, unaccounted for.

Wagoner— Michael Seagraves, veteran, wounded at Laurel
Hill; transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Privates (unaccounted for) — \Villiam Arnold, John W. Bax-
ter,'Antrim C. Beeks, Austin F. Conyer, James Davis, Ira Davis,
John T. Ellis, AVarren Elzroth, Thomas B. English, Jonathan
Gray. James H. Hiatt, Robert Harris, James M. Ksi^es, Alva
C. Kepler, John Kizer, Josephus Lewallen, John Lyons, Will-
iam Mar,shall, William Magei^ David C. McNees, Nathan Men-
denhall, William H. Mettler, Frederick Mills, Newton W. Need-
ham, John Ni.xon, Joseph A. Summers, Valentine Thompson.
Christian S. Van Horn, William Zimmerman, v

Eli Abernathy, died October 5, 1861.

Hiram Blackledge, wounded.

■ I Daniel W/Britton, mastered out July 28, 1864.

Reuben Clark, killed at Gettysburg July 1, 1863.

Lafayette . Deardoff, transferred to Twentieth Regiment;
mustered out July 12, 1865,

William D^-ivor, died at Philadelphia September 5. iS63.
'; Joab Driver,, discharged April 3, 1863.
' ' William Fair, mustered out July 28, 1864.
, ^ Dr. F. Ford) mustered out.,

'■' Issac N. Frazee, appointed Sergeant of the One Hundredth,
Company H> promoted Second LieuteLant; First Lieutenant;
Captain; mustered out with regiment.

John F. Flood, veteran, transferred to Twentieth Regiment:
mustered out July 12, 18t)5. ,^ ,'

David V. Garringer, veteran, appointed Corporal;' wounded at
Laurel Hill; transferred to Twentieth Regiment; mustered out
June 19,, 1865. , ,. ■

James ,Wf .Grow, wounded;' dischai'ged March 25, 1864.

Williim A. Hamilton, mustered out Juljr '>§., 1864" .

George|,,Ay. Hester, wounded 'ft* Cbld Harlbor and Laurel Hill;
mustered out as absent; wounded July 28, 1864.

' William Hedgepeth, dischai-ged February, 1863, from wounds
received at Gainesville.

Samuel S. Hill, wounded; discharged July, 1863.

AVilliam Hoover, killed at Gettysbui-g July 1, 1863.

John Hunt, wounded; transferred to V. R. C.

Daniel B. Johnson, died November 3, 1861.

■ William H. Kepler, died at AVashington October 19, 1861.
Enoch Kelly, died at AVashington January 8. 1863.
Thomas Kirby. veteran, wounded at South Mountain; trans-
ferred t<j Twentieth Regimoni

, Hemy Kirby, veteran, wounded at Petersburg; transferred
'to Twentieth Regiment.

Robert AV. Linton, wounded at Gainesville; died April 9, 1863.

AA'illiam Marshall, died at Indianapolis.

Patrick jMcMahan, died October 16, 1862; wounds received
at Gainesville.

George McJennett, wounded at South Mountain.

Samuel A. McNees, died September 23, 1862, from wounds
received at Gainesville.

Thomas McKine, transfen'ed to A^ R. C.

Geor<Te L. Moore, wounded at Petersburg; mustered out July
28, 1864.

John Q. A Moffit, died at AVashinj'ton November 21, 1861.

AVillian Miller died September 7, 1862, from wounds received

AVilliam E. Murray, nnistered out.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

John Murry, veteran, wounded Ht Gettysburg; captured at
Yellow House; transferred to Twentieth Regiment.
Elihu M. Parker, transferred to Twentieth, r

Thomas H. Parker died September 20, 1802; accidental
wound.

' Nelson Pegg wounded at Wilderness; mustered out July 28,
1864, as Sergeant.

Eleazar Parsley, wounded at South Mountain.

Isaac P. Rathbun, wounded at South Mountain.

George M. Kathbun, discharged for wounds.

Andrew J. Beeves, died February 8, 1862.

Eli Kich, discharged May 3, 1804, on account of wounds.

Benjamin F. . Semans, veteran, wounded at Spottsylvania;
trunsferrod to TvAjiiticth Rogimont.

Joseph Stack, died at Washington February 23, 1862.

Clinton D. Smith, Sergeant Company E, Eighty- fourth; pro-
moted Second Lieutenant Company E; honorably discharged
April 2, 1864.

James H. Stine, wounded; transferred to V. R. C.

Christopher C. Starbuck, killed at Gettysburg Julv 1, 1863.

James Stickley, killed at Gettysburg July 1, 1863."

William H. Suter, died at Washington September 6, 1861.

Cornelius L. Weaver, wounded at Laurel Hill: transferred
to Twentieth Regiment.

Andrew J. Wood, veteran, wounded at North Anna; trans-
ferred 1o Twentieth Regiment.

Levi Yost, veteran, woitnded at Spottsylvania; transferred to
Twentieth Regiment.

Joseph A. Anderson, transferred to Company A, Twentieth
Regiment, re-organized.

John R. Anderson, killed at Antietam September 17, 1862.

Thomas E. Barr, transferred to Twentieth Regiment July
28, 1864.

Thomas Barnfield, appointed Sergeant; died June 13, J864

Alexander Burk, kiUed at Gettysburg July 1, 1803.

Isaac Cherry, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Jasper Frv, killed at Spottsylvania May 12, 1804.

Peter L. Foust, killed at Gettsyburg July 1, 1863.

Florin V. Flood, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Isaac R. Ford, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Spotwood T. Frost, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Joel Green, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

William R. Green, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

James H Ham, killed at South Mountain September 14,
1862.

William H. Harrison, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

James H. Hawkins, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Peter Hester, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

William A. Houren, veteran, wounded October 17, 1864;
transferred to Twentieth Regiment

Rufus King, veteran, transferred to Twentieth Regiment

Anlerscn P. McNees, killed at Laurel Hill May 9, 1864.

Jacob Miller, killed at Antietam September 17, 1862.

Uriah B. Murray, killed at Gainesville September 7, 1862.

Na'jan B. Maxwell (Jay County), died at Washington De-
cemb.x- 12, 1802.

Tiiomas R. McGuire, veteran, transferred to Twentieth Reg-
iment.

Jobn Miller, wounded at Gettysburg July 1, 1863; trans-
ferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Elia.s S. Moore, transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Henry Marshall, veteran, captured at Yellow House; trans-
ferred to Twentieth Regiment.

John Mendenhall, veteran; wounded August 5, 1864; trans-
ferred to Twentieth Regiment.

Edward Packenham, transferred to Twentieth Regiment

John A. Pegg, wounded at Gettysbui'g; transferred to Twen-
tieth y.ogiment.

David F. Pursley, veteran; transferred to Twentieth Regi-

James Rynard, killed at Petersburg June 30, 1804.

George W. Rains, veteran; transferred to Twentieth Reg-
iment.

Milton Rains, wounded at the Wilderness; transferred to
Twentieth Regiment

Charles R. Rider, wounded at the Wilderness; transferred
to Twentieth Regiment.

Company F — Recruits, Lafayette Pursley, veteran; wounded
at Wilderness; transferred to Twentieth Regiment

Patrick Sullivan, transferred to Twentieth Regiment

Company K— Adam Stonebraker, discharged 1864; disability.

Unassigned recruits— James Castor, record indefinite

Amos Whiteneck, record not definite.

Martin Phillips, wounded at Wilderness and Cold Harbor;
transferred to Twentieth Regiment.

William Phillips, discharged June 2, 1862; disability.

Hugh M. Strain, Company K, recruit, October 23, 1862;
wounded at Wilderness; transferred to Twentieth Regiment;
mustered out July 12, 1865.

John Thomson, Company K, recruit, February 20, 1864;
wounded at Wilderness; transferred to Twentieth Regiment;
mustered out July 12, 1865.

INDIANA, THREE 1

eth

We put the original Twentieth and the re-organized Twenti-
rious forms into one description.

STATISTICS.

Mustered in at Indianapolis July 22, 1861; Colonel, W. L.
Brown; mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 12, 1865.

Officers, 42; men, 1,(X)9; recruits, 410; veterans, 282; died,
228; deserted, 60; unaccounted for, 176; total, 1,743.

The first duty performed by the Twentieth was to guard the
Northern Central Railroad in Maryland. September 24, 1861,
it was sent to Hatteras Inlet, N. C. Remaining there till No-
vember 9, they returned to Fortress Monroe. Lying in camp
there till March, 1802, the Twentieth moved to Newport News,
taking part in the cxjnflict between the steamers Merrimac, Cum-
berland and Congress, keeping the rebel captors from taking pos-
session of the Congress after she had struck her colors. May 10,
1862, it assisted in capturing Norfolk, joining afterward the Po-
tomac Army in the Peninsula. On the 24th of June, it was se-
verely engaged at the "Orchards," with a loss of officers and
men. The regiment was in all the battles of the "Seven Days"
except Glendale, or Frazier's Farm, losing heavily, forming
part of the flank guard of the Potomac Army across the Penin-
sula to Yorktown, they were sent to Alexandria, to the Rappa-
hannock and to Manassas Plains, taking part in the battle there
August 29, 1 862, losing Col. Brown early in the action. Sep-
tember 1, the regiment was in the battle of Chantilly, moving
thence to Arlington Heights. October 11, they undertook to in-
tercept Stuart's cavalry raid, but were too lat« by ten hours. They
were at Fredericksburg December 13, and took a chief part at
Chancellorsville. They captured the Twenty-third Georgia,
stronger in numbers than themselves. They moved to Gettys-
burg in time for the second day of that great battle, losing there
the officer in command, the gallant Col. Wheeler. They joined
in the pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, and were ordered to New
York City to prevent threatened draft riots in that metroiwlis.
The regiment returned to the Potomac; was engaged at Locust
Grove and Mine Run, and wont into winter quarters. January
1, 1864, the regiment veteranized and the veterans took their
home furlough.

They crossed the Bapidan with Grant's army, and helped
tight the battles of the Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Po River,
Spottsylvania, Tollopotanni and Cold Harbor. There the Four-
teenth and the Twentieth were consolidated They then crossed
the James to the battles of Deep Bottom and Strawberry Plains,
and then to the trenches before Petersburg, under fire every
day, losing many men. Here Lieut. Col. George W. Mikel lost
his life. October 18, 1804, the consolidated Nineteenth was
united with the new Twentieth, taking the name of the Twen-
tieth, and the commanding officer, Col. James Orr, from the

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

255

Nineteenth. The new regiment lay in the works before Peters-
bm-g until spring, except in the lulvance on the Weldon Ivnil-
road. It took part at Preble's House and Hatcher's Unn, and in
all the engagements on the left from Hatcher's llun to the capt-
lu-e of Richmond. The last engagement by the regiment with
the enemy was at Clover Hill, April 0. 1805.

The regiment shortly moved to Washington, and thence to
Louisville. Ky.. June 14, 18(15. The men were mu.stefed out
July 12, ISOi"), numbering twenty-three officers and HOO men.

The following are the engagements of the 'twentieth Itidiana
Infant rv:

Hatteras Bank. Morrimac and Congress, Fair' Oaks, Ol'-
cliards, Gaines" Mill, Malvern Hill, Jlnntisslts Plitins, Chantilly,
Fredericksbiu-g. Chancellorsville, Gettyaiiiu'g,, Manassas Gap,
].ociist Grove, Mine Run, Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, I'o Rivei',
Six)ttsylvania, Tdllopotanni and Gold .Hattitti"; ttssault aiid sii'ge
of Petersburg, Weldou Railroad; Prt^hle's Hollsb) Halbbefs ftuii.
Clover Hill. 4 > . * I i

In comparing difTorent regimentsi it wbuld be difficult to toll
which one endured tiie liai-dfest lot iiithe prosecution of th(3 gteat
civil war. In fact, comparisons ard needless. The history of
the whole war presents a wonderful and perhaps nni)rGcedeuted
record. The wars of Napoleon, or of Alexander the Great, of
the Russian Czar Peter, of Frederick the Great, of Russia and
the allies in the Crimean war, of the Austrians against the
French, or of the French against the Prussians, scarcely rival
our groat North American war. War is teiriblo anywhere; but
for long marches, bravery of attjick, heroism of endm'anco and
perseverance in execution, the war for 1-ho I'uiou stands high in
the annals of the world.

T^ra.STIETH KEOIMENT, RE-OKGANIZEI).

Regimental Officers — Major, Joseph T. Ives; mustered out as
C,i[)tain fiompany A, December 5, 1804.

Company A — Captain, Joseph T. Ives, mustered out Decem-
ber 5. 18()t; William W. Macy, transferred from Company I;
mustered out with regiment.

Men in the Twentieth Indiana fi-om Randolph County:

C'ompany A — Joseph A. Anderson, mustered out November
'.'S, ISC, I; Thomas ]■;. Barr. musforcd out Juno 2(1, ISCio; James
A. ('..llr(t.nm>t..nMl out March 11, ]S(ir); Isaac Cherry, raustorcd
out April 'jr.. isr,:,; Lafayette DeardoU", iinistere.l out July 12,
ISdri; John F. I'lood. mustered out July 12. ISCio; Florin Y.Flood.
miisiiiiMl (.111 .limr i:j. 18(i5, as Coi-poral; Isaac R. Ford, mus-
tered out .May :!l, ISCi.'i; Spotswood T.Foster, mustered out July
I'J. |m;."); ,),,i.| (liccn. mustered out May 31, 1S()5; William R.
(ir.'eii. muslerecl out Julv 12. ISlir); David GaiTinger, Corporal,
mustrred out July 12. 1805; AVilliam H llaiTisou. unu^t-T.",!
out July -22, 18(i5,as Coriooral; James H. Hawkins. i„n.l.n-,l .mi
June,"), 18(55; Peter Hester, mustered out .Inly I'J, l^i;.'>: WUl
iam A. Houren, died October ^>^, ISOt, of wonmls rcccivcMl it
Pet<'rsbllrg; Rufus King, Cor|,oral, iiiustricd ..ul as l-'irsl Sr,-
geant July 12, 1S05; Thomas Kirby. I'irst S..ii,'.:,ii(. proinoi,.,!
First Lieutenant, mustered out, with iv;^qi,i.'.if ; ll.'nrv Kniu;lit.
muster.'d out July 12, 18(;5: Homy Kirby. i.insteiv.l mu .lul', 12.
1S()5; Thomas R. McGuire. mustered out -Inly I J, IM,:,. ;,~ Coi -
pornl; Jilias G. Moore, mustered out July 12, \^i\'<. a> Corpoiah
John Miller, mustered out April 25. IM'i'. (linaliili(\ ; lleiin
Mar-shall, died in Salisbiu-y Pri.son, N. C. Fel.ruaiy ' 12. ISO-'.;
John Mendonhall, discharged, disability; John Munay, Ser-
geant, captured at Yellow House August T.l. 1S(V1: Edward Pack-
enham, from Nineteenth Regiment; John A, I'egg. mustered out
l''ebruarv 1, IN(>5; David F. Piuslev. mustered out Jnlv 12,
ISCm: Lafayette Piu^slev, mustered out Jiilv 12. I^f,:,; (;,.ort;e
W. Rains, mu-tered out July 12. isd.-,; :\rilt.,ii Rains, nnisl.eied
out July 12, 18(i5; Charles' O. Kider. wounded at Wilderness:
Benjamin F. Seraans, mustered out: Michael Seagi-aves, mustenid
out July 12, 1805; Patrick Sullivan, record indefinite; Andrew
J. Wood. Sergeant, transfon-od to Veteran Reserve Corfis Jan
uary 11), 18fJ5, mustered out July 22, 1865; Levi Yost; William
Zimmennnn, mustered out Oct<ib(>r 2'J, 1804, as Sergeant.

Comi)anv C — Groar N. Williams, veteran, mustered out as
Corporal Ju"ly 12, 1865.

Company E— Elijah Bales, mustered out with regiment July
12. 1865; John Hank, mustered out July 12, 1865; Thomas
Harris, mustered out July 12. 1865; James Lamly, mustered
out July 12, 1865; John AV, Moore, promoted Second Lieuten-
ant; First Lieutenant; mustered out with regiment; Martin Phil-
lips, wounded in the Wilderness, discharged May 22, 1865,
William Phillips, record' indefinite; Hugh M. Strain, mustered
oiit July 12, 1805; Thomson Smelser, mustered out July 12, 1865;
John ithomson, tuusterod out July 12, 1865.

Compahy I— William W, Slacy. Captain, transferred to Com-
pany A, mustered out with regiment.

TWENTIETH nE-OH0ANI7,I

t'irst, the Foturtoenth and Twentieth were united, making the
■twentieth. Then the Seventh and thp Nineteenth were consoli-
dated, making the m^w Nineteenth. Lastly, the new Nineteenth
and the new Twentieth were united, making a new regiment, still
called the Twentieth, under Col. Willi.-un Orr, fonnerly Lieuten-
ant Colonel of the Nineteenth, the final consolidation occurring
October 18, 18(U. The new Twentieth remained in the works
near Petersburg vintil the spring of 180d, except that they were
sent on expeditions to Cut the railroad communications of the
enemy. Toward the Weldon Railroad it advanced to Stony
Creek, engaging in the actions at Preble's House and Hatcher's
Run. Thence to the fall of Richmond it was in the advance di-
vision of the Second Corjis, and in all the battles till the sur-
render of Lee, the last being that at Clover Hill, Va., April !'.
181)5. They marched to Washington City, moving thence to
Louisville, arriving June 21, 1805, aud being mustered out
July 12, 1865, with :^90 men and twenty-three officers.

Returning to Indianapolis under Col. Albert S. Andrews
(Fourteenth Regiment), <tov. Morton gave them a characteristic
public welcome, sjieeches being made also by Gen. Hovey. Dr.
Everts and Chaplain William C. Porter, and, a few days after,
they were discharged for their homes.

nits, 38; died, 44; unaccounted

Officers, H8l men, 80S;
' for, 5(); total, 'MX

•rWENTV-KIUST INl ANTliV, KIltST UEA\'\' ARTILLERY.

; .Mustered in at Indianapolis July 24, 1861— James AV. Mc-

' Millan. Colonel; changed to heavy' arti 11 ei-y Febi-uaiy. 186:-1;

i mustered out at Baton Rouge, La,, January 13, IStilJ,

[ Officers, 80; men, 1,283; recruits, 2,028; veterans. 448;

i died, 3ir2; deserted, 228; unaccounted for, 200; total, 3,839.

' The following are the movements of the Tweuty-firat Indiana:
The first niuvriiiinl was to Baltimore, August 3, 1861,remaiu-

"tIi.' sec-.nd nidvenient, was with Gen. Butler to reduce New
Oi-leans. Maicli 1.1 Mij. A part of the Twenty- first wore the first
t'. toneli the wharf at New Orleans, May 1, 1862.

The third niovemontwas to Baton Rouge, where the regiment
rein:iii}ed (ill August, being engaged in the battle of Baton Rouge
August 5, lS(i2, losing 126 men in three and u half hours.

The regiment spent the time from September, 1802, to Feb-
nimy, JS6;!. in Louisiana and Texas, scoiu-ing the country and
lighting rangers.

The regiment was mounted in February-, 18(33, and onward;
. and in Jul; and October. 1863, two companies, L and M, were
' added. Ten comjjanies were at Port Hudson, spending forty two
days in the siege.

Company F were mostly ca]itm'eil at Brashar City June 23,
In the winter of 18(53-()4, a large number re-enlisted as vetor-
an.s. They were furloughed home, and a magnificent reception
was tendered them at Metrojiolitan Hall, Indianapolis, February
111, 1S(;4. Companies G and H were up Red River with Banks,

In April, 1805. six battalions assisted in the investment and
reduction of Mobile, witli Forts IMorgan and Gaines, and Span-

I After the war, the batteries were stationed at various places
I — FortH Morgan, Pickens and Barrancas, at Baton Rouge, as fol-

256

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

Companies B nud C, at Fort Morg.iu.

Companies H and K, at Fort Gaines.

Companies F and L, to Fort Barrancas, Fla.

Companies I and M, at Fort Pickens.

ComparuPS H. E and G were at Baton Uouge.

Company D was at Port Hudson.

In November, 1805, the regiment was ordered to riMidezvons
at Port; Hudson. December 24, 1805, the iii-st grand parade of
the whole regiment of twelve batteries took place; and January
10, 1800, at. Baton Kouge, La., the men were mustered out of
service, the regiment containing some nine hundred and thirty
men. Two huudi-od and forty of them came to Indianapolis for
discharge, but seven hundred prefeiTed to remain and be dis-
charged in Louisiana, and it was so done.

The Twenty-first traveled, during its term of service, more
than fifteen thousand miles, and was remarkably successful as
to preserving the health and general efiScienoy of its members.

The only men known to be connected with the Twenty-first
from Randolph County were some unassigned recruits, of whom
not much information is given — none except what follows:

William J. Bremer, mustered out July 28, 1865; George
Denny, died at New Orleans February 20, 1805; Charles H.
Freeman, mustered out July 27, 1805; Harrison Hull, not known;
John C. Leonard, unaccounted for; Stephen C. Lewis, record
indefinite; William J. McQuistan, mustered out July 27, 1805;
Jeremiah Rawlings, mustered out July 27, 1805; Mannon
Stjeet, record indefinite; Sanford A. Stephens, mustered out July
27, 1805; Samuel P. Strahan, mustered out July 31, 18ti5, as
Corporal.

There ai-e also two Randolph men in Company C, viz., Jacob
Conkle, mustered out January V6, 1800; William A. Crouch, died
December 15, 1804.

TWENTY-SEVENTH INDIANA INFANTKY, THHEE YRAliS.

Mustered into service at Indianapolis September 12, 18()1 —
Colonel, Silas Colgrovo; mustered out at Atlanta. Ga., Novem-
ber 12, 1804.

Officers, 40; men. '.112; recruits, 110; veterans, 154; died, 275;
deserted, 47; unaccounted for 52; total, 1,322.

The regiment left for active service September 15, 1801, only
three days after their muster-in, and were soon ti-ansferred to
Banks' army of the Shenandoah Valley. During the winter,
they were encamped near Frederick City," Md.. in huts built for
the purpo.'ie.

The regiment moved, in March, 1.S02, into the Shenandoah
Valley, joining in the pursuit of Jackson after the battle of Win-
chester Heights.

They were engaged at Front Eoyal May 23, 1802, retreating
toward Winchester, and fighting in the tierce battle at that place
May 25. Gordon's brigade, to which the Twenty-seventh be-
longed, was assaulted by twenty- eight rebel regiments. The bri-
gade withstood the attack for three and a half hours, and re-
pulsed it; but the force of the rebel army was so great that the
Union troops were finally defeated. The regiment crossed the
Potomac at Williamsport May 20, 1802, and, not long afterward,
it marched back into the valley, and to Culjiejier Court House,
joining Pope's army, of Virginia. August 9, they were engaged
at Cedar Mountain, as also at Antietam Sejjtember 17, 1802,
sustaining a heavy loss. After Antietam, they picketed the Po-
tomac from Harper's Ferry to Opequan Creek, and lay, during
the winter, neai- Fairfax and Stafford Court Houses. In the
sjiring, the regiment crossed the Rapjiahannock and fought in
the great battle of Chancellorsville, suffering great losses. It
piu'sued Lee northward, and marched with the Twelfth Corps to
Gettysburg, taking a prominent part in that great contest, and
joining the jnirsuit of I^ee to the Potomac.

In September, they were sent to the ^^'est with the Twelfth
Coips,! but joined th<' 'Twentieth, and were stationed at Tnllaho-
ma, Tenn., until spring. Some of the men re-eulisted January
24, 1804, and wer* furloughed home, coming back in time for
Sherman's advance upon Atlanta. At Resaca. the regiment de-
feated the Thirty-second and Thirty-eighth Alabama, taking
about one hundred prisoners, including the Colonel of the Thirty-

eighth, and its battle-flag, its own loss being sixty-eight killed
and wounded. They were in the whole Atlanta campaign.

November 4, 1804, the non- veterans were mustered out, and
the veterans and recruits were put into the Seventieth, serving
with that regiment through Georgia and the Carolinas, and, when
the Seventieth was discharged, the men from the Twonty-sevenfli
were attached to the Thirty-third till the muster-out of that reg-
iment at Louisville, July '21, 1805.

The following were the ofiicers in the Twenty-seventh from
Indiana:

Colonel, Silas Colgrove, honorably dischai-ged December ;!0,
1804, time expired; brevetted Brigadier General of Volunteers
August 7, ISO 4.

Adjutant. Theodore F. Colgi-ove, promoted Major, mustered
out November 4, 1804: re-entered service as Captain Company A,
One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment; promoted Lieuten-
ant Colonel.

Assistant Surgeon, Willis H. Twiford; promoted hku-geon:
resigned July 10, 1804.

Col. Colgrove was the first Colonel of a three-years regiment
that served through his term to the time of muster-out. There
were nine in all of this kind, to wit: Col. Colgrove, Twentv-
seventh; Col. Baker. Twenty-eighth; Col. Coburn, Thirty-third;
Col. Ben Harrison, Seventieth; Col. A. O. Miller, Seventy-sec-
ond; Col. Fred Kneffler, Seventy-ninth; Col. M. C. Hunter,
Eighty-second; Col. Chai-les Murray. Eighty-ninth; Col. D. C.
Thomas, Ninety-third.

TWENTY-EIGHTH INDIAN.A, KIKST CAVALIIY.

Did service in detached partKS in Missouri, Arkansas, Louis-
iana, West Virginia, Virginia, etc,, doing much severe work and
taking part in many battles.

Mustered in as follows:

Eight companies (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) at Evansville,
August 20, IfSOl; Colonel, Conrad Baker.

Companies I and K were indeiiendent comjianics.

Company I was organized as a State company, for one year,
April 15, ISOl.

Must(>red into United States service for three years, Juh- 1.
1801.

Comi)any K was orgiinized at Indianapolis June 20,1801,
and afterward assigned to the First Cavaky.

Companies L and M were made up of drafted men. who served
only nine months from November 1,1802.

The only member from Randolph County in the Twenty-
eighth was Assistant Sui'geon George W. Brace, mustered out
June 5, 1804.

Officers, 51; men, 988; recruits, 301; veterans, 5; died, 131;
deserted, 05; unaccounted tor, 319; total, 1,488.

The members of the regiment were discharged at various
times, as follows:

Companies L and M were disch.irged August. 1803.

Company K was mostly mustered out Juno, 1 8f)4.

Company I was discharged August, 1804.

Body of regiment was discharged September 0, 1805.

Companies A and B (recruits), discharged June, 1805.

Part of Company K (forty-three recruits), discharged in sum-
mer of 1805.

William G. Smith. Comj)any F, promoted Second Lieutenant,
First Lieutenant. (Put down as private from Randolph County;
as Second and First Lieutenant from Bloomfield.)

THIRTY-THIRD INDIANA INFANTRY.

Company G — Levi J. Linsey. mustered May 29, 1S()5.

Organized at Indiana])olis September 19, 1801 ; John Coburn.
Colonel.

Route of regiment— Louisville. Camp Dick Robison, Cral)
f)rcbard. Camp Wild Cat, London, Crab Orchard, Lexington.
Cumberland Ford. Cumberland Gap, East Tennessee, Manches-
ter. Oak Hill, Ohio, Danville, Lexington, Louisville, Nashville,
Franklin, Columbia, Thomp.son's Station, Tullahoma, Shelby-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

257

ville, Murfreesboro, Manchester, Estill Springs, Cowan, Tracy
Station, Christiana. Re-enlisted, 450 veterans, on veteran fur-
lough— Buzzard's Roost, Atlanta campaign, with Sherman
through Georgia and the Carolinas, Riclunond. and Washington
City, reaching that place May 21, 1805; Louisville, mustered out
July 21, 18fi5.

Commanders — Cols. John Cobm-n and Henderson, Maj. Mil-
ler, Col. Burton. Consolidated with it were tlie Twenty-seventh,
Seventieth and Eighty-lifth ; on the rolls, 1 ,500 men. The
Thirty-third was a strong regiment, kept recruited and well to-
gether.

Officers, 43; men, 948; recruits, SSfi; veterans, 449; unas-
signed recruits, 492; died 207; deserted. 11:^; unaccounted for,
117; total, 2,875.

THIRTY-FOURTH INDIANA INFANTRY, THREE YEARS.

Mustered in at Anderson September IC), 18(51; Asbury Steele,
Colonel.

Re-enlisted as veterans. New Iberia, La. , December 1 5, 1803.

Mustered out at Brownsville, Texas, February 3, 18G().

Arrived at Indianapolis with eighteen officers and 340 men
Febraary 18, 18G0.

Publicly received at Soldiers' Home February 19, 1800.

Welcoming address by Gov. Baker.

Discharged from service February 19, 1800.

Officers, 42; men, 909; recruits, 857; veterans, 438; died,
230; deserted, 44; unaccounted for, 15; total, 1,806.

The route of the Thirty- fourth Regiment is given herewith:

Jeffersonville, New Haven, Camp Wickliffe, Green River, Ky. ,
Elizabethtown, Cairo, 111., New Madrid, Fort Pillow, Memphis,
White River, Aberdeen, Ark, Helena, Yazoo Pass, Milliken's
Bond, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Vicksbiu-g, Jackson, New
Orleans, Brashear City, Leche County, Carrion Crow Bayou, La.,
New Iberia, Pass Cavallo, Texas, New Orleans, Indianapolis,
Home Fm-lough, New Orleans, Brazos Santiago, Texas, Palmetto
Ranche, Brazos Island, Brownsville. Ringgold Bfirracks, Browns-
ville, Indianapolis.

The Thirty-foiuth Regiment was employed on difficult, labo-
rious service of many kinds. At the siege of New Madrid, Mo.,
they helped to clear a passage through a forest covered with wa-
ter, for the guns, cutting down many of the tieos several feet un-
der the surface of the water.

They were at work for two weeks clearing the Yazoo Pass of
the heavy timber felled by the rebels into the stream. They
hel])ed to build the bridges for the passage of Grant's army from
Milliken's Bend to below Vicksbui-g.

They were everywhere an active, hardy, reliable body of men,
a faithful, energetic, thoroughgoing regiment. The number of
re-enlisted veterans from this regiment was greater than any
other except two, viz. , the Thirty-third and the First Heavy Ar-
tillery, and it had the greatest proportion of veterans of any reg-
iment in the field.

The following are the men from Randolph County in the
Thirty-fourth Indiana:

Company B — Benjamin Fouch, discharged February 4, 1805;
Chai'les C. Heck, veteran, died at Brazos Santiago, Texas, Jan-
uary 17, 1805; Nicholas Heifner, veteran, mustered out Febru-
ary 3, 1800; Wesley S. Iliff, must<!red out February 3, 1800, as
Sergeant, veteran; William S. Beeves, veteran, mustered out Feb-
ruary 3. I860.

Company D— Edwin Parker, mustered out February 3, 1800.
Company G — Robert Johnson, veteran, left service December
'28, 1805.

Company I — William B. Evans, died at New Madrid, Mo.,
May 25, 1802, accidental wounds; Nathaniel H. Gable, veteran,
mustered out February 3, 1800, as Sergeant.

THIRTY-SIXTH INDIANA INFANTRY, THREE l-RARS.

Regiment mustered in at Richmond September 16, 1801;
Colonel. William Grose.

It left for the field soon after, with the Army of the Ohio, to
Nashville, February, 1802; to Tennessee River and battle of Shi-
loh, March, .1802; loss, nine killed, thirty-eight wounded, one

missing — total, forty-eight; siege of Corinth till the evacuation;
eastwai'd to Northern Alabama, and back to Nashville and tc
Louisville; pursued Bragg through to Kentucky; returned tc
Nashville; battle of Stone River — loss, 132; camped near Mur-
freesboro and at Cripple Creek; marched against Chattanooga;
battle of Chickamauga, loss, 137; re-enlisted as veterans at Ty-
ner's Station, Tenn. ; went home on furlough February, 1804;
moved in the Atlanta campaign with Sherman. Non-veterans
mustered out at Indianapolis Angiist 13, 1864. Pursued Hood'e
army north, and fought at Nashville, and chased him to Hunts-
ville, Ala. ; was joined with the battalion of the Thirtieth Regi-
ment and went to Texas in July, 1805.

Mustered out at Victoria, Texas, November 25, 1805; reached
Indianapolis December 0, 1805, with twenty- two officers and 180

Public reception, December 7, 1805.

Final discharge of the members of the battalion.

Members of the Thirty-sixth Indiana from Randolph:

Assistant Surgeon Richard Bosworth, mustered out with regi-
ment; had been Surgeon -at- Large for the State of Indiana, ap-
pointed in 180'2.

Captain Com) any E, Samuel Q. Kearney; resigned March 22,
1802.

Second Lieutenant, James R. Jones; resigned December 2.
1802. John Erwin, mustered out with the regiment

Company K — Second Lieutenant, John S. Way; resigned
February (i, 1802.

It may be that some of the men in the Thirty-sixth Regiment
were from Randolph County, but none are so designated, and at
least one company and many of the recruits have no residence
assigned.

Mustered in at Evansville October 9, 1801; Colonel, James
G. Jones.

Re-enlisted as veterans (215) January 1, 1804, at Chatta-
nooga, Tenn. Mustered out at Louisville July 21, 1805.

Publicly received at Indianapolis July 25, 1805.

Addresses by Gov. Morton and Gen. Sherman.

Officers, 43: men, 970; recruits, 929; veterans, 215; died,
254; deserted, 00; unaccounted for, 119; total, 2,103; killed,
86; wounded, -143; prisoners, 100; mustered out, 840.

Number of engagements, twenty.

Field of operation: Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, South
Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia.

Company A — Andrew J. Fisher, mustered out June 18, 1805.

Company B- Ellis W. Scott, mustered out July 21, 1805;
James A. Stitsworth, mustered out June 18, 1805; William
Stoner, died at Chattaufwga April 1, 1805; James A. Jarnagan,
mustered out July 21, 1805; John A. Juddey, mustered July 21,
1805.

Company I — Antony Reitenour, mustered out July 21, 1805.

FORTY -SEVENTH INDrANA INFANTRY, THREE YEARS.

Regiment mustered in at Anderson October 10, 1801, James
R. Slack, Colonel.

Veteranized at New Iberia, La., December, 1803. Number
of veterans, 409.

Public reception on home furlough at Indianapolis (Twenty-
first and Forty-seventh Regiments) in Metropolitan Hall, Febru-
ary 19, 1804.

Mustered out at Shreveport, La.. October 23, 1805.

Publicly received at Indianapolis November 1, 1805 — thirty-
two officers, 530 men. Officers, 41, men, 936; recruits, 302;
veterans, 409; died. 312; deserters, 02; unaccounted for, 20;
total, 1,748.

Men from Randolph County in Forty-seventh Indiana:

Company B — Israel I. Rickerd, died at New Orleans, La. ,
September 14, 1805.

Company C — James Overly, veteran, mustered out October
23, 1805, as Sergeant

FIFTY-FOURTH INDIANA, ONE Yl

This regiment was composed chiefly of nine-months drafted

258

HISTORY- OF RANDOl.PH COUNTY

men and substitutes. It was organized in October, 180'2, and
mustered November If!, 1802, with Fielding Mansfield as Colonel.
It was mustered out of service at New Orleans December 8, 18()3.

Field of operations: Against Kirby Smith, Kentucky, 18(')2
(three months); Arkansati Post and Vicksburg, ISOH; Louisiana,
i8(j3.

The Fifty-fourth Kegiment (one year sei-vice) moved *rom
Indianapolis December 9, 1802, about three weeks after their
muster-in, to Memphis, and was assigned to the Thirteenth Ai-my
Corps. December 20, 1802, it embarked with Gen. Sherman's
army for Vicksburg, and reached Yazoo River December 20,
1862, taking part in the engagements at Chickasaw Bluffs, los-
ing 264 killed, wounded and missing. After the capture of Ar-
kansas Post, it moved to Young's Point and Milliken's Bend,
and, being assigned to Osterhaus' division, helped to lead the
advanco against Vicksburg. Tiioy were at the battle of Thomp-
son's Hill (Port Gibson); were placed aa garrison for Fort liay-
mond: escorted prisoners to Yazoo River and to Memphis; re-
turned to the siege of Vicksburg; advanced to Jackson, and
helped to capture that place.

Soon after, they were takc^n to New Orleans, going with the
expedition up Teche River to Opelousas and Vermillionville.
They were mustered out at New Orleans, December 8, 1863, and
returned to their Northern homes.

A considerable number of Randolph men were attached to
this regiment in Company I, under Capt. Henry Carter, of Win-
chester.

Company I — Captain, Henry Carter, "Winchester, commis-
sioned Novemter 1, 1862, mustered November 16, 1862; wounded
at Vicksburg, and resigned February 13, 1803. First Lieuten-
ant, Samuel P. Strahan. Winchester, commissioned November 1,
1862, mustered November 16, 1862; mustered out with regiment
December, 1863; re-enlisted as private in Twenty-first Regiment
(First Heavy Artillery) September 8, 1864; mustered out as
Corporal July 31, 1865. Second Lieutenant, William P. Beeker,
Winchester, commissioned November 1, 1802, mustered Novem-
ber 10, 1862, resigned April 24, 1863.

Men belonging to Fifty-fourth Indiana (one year):

Company I (Mx. Harshman .'■ays it was Comjiany G) — Com-
pany mustered November 16, 1862. Thomas G. Mullen. Ser-
geant, mustered out December 8, 1863; Newton W. Needham,
Sergeant, left service Januiry 21, 1863; Andrew J. Daly, Cor-
poral, died January 20, 18(')3, of wounds at Chickasaw Bluffs;
William C. Heaston, must^jred out December 8, 1863; Nathan
Coats. Corporal, mustered out December 8, 1863; Elisha Lam-
bert, Corporal, mustered out December 8, 1863; William M.
Hughes, Corporal, died October 6, 1863; Joseph S. Jellison,
Wagoner, died March 1, 1863; George S. Barker, left service
January 21, 1863; George W. Beyer, d'T-chargiKl December 9,
1802; Lorenzo Byrara, died March 20, 1803; Erastus Carwin,
mustered out December 8, 1863; Gabriel Coa*-, killed at Chick,
asaw December 28, 1862; Elisha Connfr, dif charged December
6, 1802: Elihu Coats, mustered out Dfcembor 8, 1863; Peter
Coblentz, died May 2(i, 1803; Harrison W. Dille, mustered out
December 8, 1863; Andrew J. l^isher, mustered out December
S, 1803; John Goodman, died July 15, 1803; Samuel P. Heas-
ton, mustered out December 8, 1803; William R. HoUowell,
mustered out December 8, 1863; Joseph G. Hindsley, mustered
out December 8, 1863; Manasseh Johnson, mustered out Decem-
ber 8, 1803; Wesley Johnson, mustered out December 8, 1863;
absent, wounded; Robert N. Porter, left the service November,
1802; Vincent Smith, left the service January IS, 1863; Edward
Sizemore, discharged July 20, 1863; Daniel Vardeman, mustered
out December 8, 1803, as Corporal; Walter Vardeman, mus-
tered out December S, 1863; John Wright, mustered out Decem-
ber 8, 1864; Samuel Witter, mustered out December 8, 18()3:
William Vv^ickersham, died October 10, 1803; David Wan-en,
died February 22, 1803; Edward J. Harshman, December 1,
1802, mustered out December 8, 1863; William Kizer, October
25, 1802; Albert Coats, December 1, 1802, mustered oiit Decem-
ber 8, 1803.

The officers were one Colonel, two Lieutenant Colonels, two
Majors, two Adjutants, two Qunrtei-masters. two Sm'ireons, four

Assistant Siu-geons, ton Captains, ten First Lieutenants, ton Sec
ond Lieutenants — in all, forty-tive. The Colonel was Fielding
Mansfield, Madison, commiss'ioued Colonel October 29, 1802'^;
mustered November 17, 1N62; mustered out with regiment

Twenty-seven of the forty-tive officers enntiniied through tli.
whole term of service, being mustered out with the regiment.
eleven resigned, one declined and four died two of wounds arid
two of disease.

Officers, 41; men, 915; recniits. 33 ; died, 210; deserters, M ;
not accounted for, 358; total, 9.89.

The Fifty-fourth had more men of whom no account is gives
than any other except the Nineteenth, which has 451 of tluii

FIFrV-FIFTH BEQIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY (tHREE MONTHs).

The regiment was mustered in at Indianapolis June 10, ISCj'J
John R. Mahan, Colonel. Mustered out at Indianapolis at th
expiration of the term of service. Duties performed, guardi^j
prisoners at Camp Morton, and marched into Kentucky to asf=is',
in repelling the incursion of Kirby Smith.

Company F — Reuben B, Farra. Captain, mustered out with
regiment; James Addingtou, Second Lieutenant, mustered oul.
with regiment.

Probably a large number of Randolph men were enlisted i..
Company F of the Fifty-fifth Regiment, but the places of resi-
dence are not given and the men cannot be designated. Officers.
30; men, 003; recruits, 19; died, 4; no deserters; unacco^mtnw
for, 19; total. 058. The men in Company F, perhai>s from Ran-
dolph County, are as follows:

John J. Adams. William Addington, Harris H. Abbott. Solo-
mon Bartholomew, Joseph Biddle, Isaac Blansett, John W. Boil-
ing. Joshua Bovds, George Bonnywell, Franklin Broy, James G.
Bush. Harmon B. Boiling, James" M. Clark, Thomas J. Clevinger,
Beda B. Cowgill, Isaiah Cowgill, William Cook, Joseph Coffin,
Price Craig, Samuel B. Crosier, Dennis Carter, James Dailey,
James H. Doarmond, Samuel Dougherty, Benjamin Dowden,
Peter Dailey, Andrew Evans, John R. Fisher, John Foust, Adam
Fraze. Peter F. Funderburg, John Francisco, John Gordon.
Archy M. Gelly, Mordecai Harris, Thomas F. Hammond, Wilsou
J. Hiatt, Clark Hobbs. George Huffman, Patrick H. Hutchins,
Luster Harris, William Holloweli, Anderson C. Hopkins, Jann'.-
A. Jarnagin, James M. Karnes, Thomas Karnes, Hiram KaW
Slatis Keene, James J. Kerr, Stephen Kennedy, Robert Kenuf
dy, James M. Kirk, Asa Little, Corlmn Little, Milton Miranda,
Robert McCracken, William G. McGuire, Jacob Miller, Luthtii
G. Moorman, Jacob Mood, John W. May. Jesse Pegg, FrankliL
Pence, Thomas A. Pirth, William S. Price, George W. Prid^,
Mahlon Ranier, Granville Rhodes, James H Rice, Walter Ruble.
Alfred Runyan, Henry H. Sumption, Adolphus C. Shaffer, Sam.
uel S. Sherrard, Charles Sheltmyre, Thomas Short, Calvin K.
Taylor, Wilson Thomas. Noland T'liomas, Jeremiah Vance, Noai.
Wirt, Samuel Winship, John Winship. Elijah Wood.

FIFTY-SEVENTH INDIANA INFANTRY (THREE YEAKs).

Mustered in at Richmond November 18, 1861; Colonel, J.
AV. T. McMullen. Re-enlisted as veterans in East TenneasiM
January 1, 1804. V/eteran furlough March and April, 18(i4,
Mustered out at "Victoria, Texas, December 14, 1865. Reached
Indianapolis January 1, 1860, 23 officers and 108 men unde;
Col. John S. McGraw. Officers, 50; men, 923; recruits, 4()4
veterans, 215; died, 207; deserters, 54; unaccounted for, 24.
total, 1,052.

The Fifty-seventh was mustered into service at Richmond
November 18, 1801. Moving to Indianapolis and remaining tili
December 13, it reported to Gen. Buell at Louisville; thence the
regiment was ordered to Bardstown to join the Army of the
Ohio, Sixth Division; soon it was moved to Lebanon, then to
Muufordville by rail and to Nashville on foot, arriving in
March. March 21, the Army of the Ohio set out from Nashville
to join Gen Grant. The regiment amved only on the afternoon
of April 7, the second day of the battle, but engaged irmne-
diately, losing lightly. It remained through the siege of Cor-
inth, and then marched into North Alabama, and about the
iii'^dle of Ju'.\, to Centi-al Tenne'^eo again, remaining near

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

259

TuUahoma and McMiunville till September 1. Bragg's attempt
on Louisville aroused fresh activity, our troops v^ere ahead and
Bragg fell back to be pursued through Kentucky and defeated at
Perryville. The Fifty-seventh took part in all this work, and
marched again to Nashville. Although the Fifty-seveuth had
been in few great battles, yet its work was severe; guai'ding trains,
foraging, skirmishing, kept the regiment busy and produced
much hardship.

At Stone River a loss was suffered of seventy-five out of 250
engaged. Col. Hines and Lieut Col. Lennai-d were both serious-
ly wounded. Until the spring of 18()3, they were encamped
near Murfreesboro, scouting, foraging, picketing, skirmishing
and drilling severely and constantly. Before the capture of
Chattanooga and the battle of Chickamauga, the Fifty-seventh
was north of the Tennessee, but when the rebels left the town,
the brigade to which they belonged took possession, and the
regiment was selected as Provost Guard. They were relieved in
time to. take a prominent part at Mission Ridge.

After Chickamauga, the Fifty-seventh was assigned to Sheri-
dan's Division and contimied so to the end. That division went
into East Tennessee against Longstreet for the relief of Knoxville.
That winter campaign among the mountains of East Tennessee
can hardly be equaled in the annals of the war. The aiTny went
stripped of baggage into the fight around Chattanooga, and
marched forthwith from the pursuit of the foe, starting on their
perilous journey of hundreds of miles with no preparation and
scanty supplies. One mess of seven in one of the regiments had
nothing to cook on but two old canteens, torn open and flattened
out as a sort of pan. But it mattered little, as they had almost
nothing to cook. They had to depend on the country and a poor
show they found it. Cattle indeed were somewhat plentiful,
and the beef supply was pretty good; but breadstuff's were scarce-
ly attainable at all. In some cases, wheat bran was their only
resource. And before the army returned to tlieir comrades in
Northern Alabama, many had marched their shoes off' and nearly
their clothes as well. But they had done what they had under-
taken— cleared out Longstreet and relieved Knoxville; and the
brave loyalists of that mountain country and the "Union" boys
felt happy. As soon as they reached the main body of the anuy,
abundant supplies were obtained.

January 1, 1804, the regiment veteranized almost to a man.
Their veteran furlough was postponed till March, and from that
they returned just in time for Sherman's advance upon Atlanta.
In all that wondrous campaign, the Fifty-seventh was unweai'ied
in their exertions to push the rebels to their utmost. At Rocky
Face Ridge, Adairsville and New Hope, in the deadly struggles
around Kenesaw, this regiment was among the bravest, and lost
many officers and men.

After Atlanta, the Fifty-seventh was dispatched northward
against Hood and made a part of Thomas' heroic army at Frank-
lin and Nashville. When Hood's forces had been dispersed, this
regiment camped at Hnntsville for several months, moving to
Bull's Gap, in East Tennessee, in April, 1S(>5. After moving t»)
Naahville in April and remaining there till Only, they were
transferred to Texas, and, on the 1 4th of December, 1 Sfio, were
mustered out of service at Victoria, Texas, reaching Indianapolis
January 1, 1800, with 23 oflScers and l(i8 men.

Worthily does the report of the Adjutant General pay a glow-
ing tribute of praise to their achievements in the following noble
words :

" The Fifty-seventh has seen much arduous service; its losses
in battle have been heavy and its marches have been especially
and exceedingly severe, having crossed the entire breadth of
Kentucky three times and of Tennessee six times. It has be-
haved with great gallantry on every occasion, and has achieved
an enviable record and an honorable fame."

Their officers were excellent men and thorough soldiers, and
the regiment proved itself worthy of such commanders. Cols.
McMullen, Hines, Lennard and Blanche have been seldom
equaled and still more rarely excelled.

The members of the Fifty-seventh Regiment from Randolph
County are as follows:

Company B — Daniel F. Anthony, discharged April 4, 1802,

disability; Allen L. Chamness. veteran, mustered out December
14, 1805, Sergeant; William Fogleman, veteran, mustereti out
December 14, 18(5"), Corporal: Abraham L. Manning, veteran,
mustered out December 14, 1805, Corporal.

Company C — John Hartman, Corjjoral, died near Union City,
Ind., March 1'.), 1804, buried in Union City Cemetery; Thomas
J. Boram, veteran, mustered out December 14, ]8()5; Joseph "W.
Cox. discharged July 14. 18(52: Sylvester W. Dunn, discharged
July 5, 1802, disability; John House, died nt Louisville Januaiy

13, 18()2; Albert P. Leavell. killed June 18, 1804, at Kenesaw ;
William I. Miller, died at Nashville April 17, 18(52; George W^
Markle, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps September 30, 1803;
John W. Starbuck, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps in the
spring of 1803; John Wintermote, veteran, mustered out Decern-
ber 14. 18(55, as Corjxjral; George W. Louder, recruit, musten^d
out December Ki, 1805, as Corporal.

Company D— First Lieutenant. Robert H. Morgan, resigned
February 28, 18(53, disability; Charles Shoemaker, Sergeant,
discharged Augast 14, 1802, disability; John B. Dravenstradt,
Corporal, discharged Januaiy 28, 1802, disability; William Ad-
dington, S})artansburg, record indefijiite.

Privates -Calvin W. Arnold, killed at Stone River December
31, 1802; Lewis CaiToll, dischai-ged March 20, 1803, disability;
Benjamin Chenoweth, dischargad May 20, 1803, wounds; Isaac
W. Elliot, died December 28, 1803, wounds; AVarren Eltzroth,
veteran, killed in battle November 30, 1864; Thornton Freeman,
killed at Stone River December 31, 1802; Marion W. Farrens,
discharged Juno '24, 1862, disability; William D. George, veter-
an, mustered out December 14, 1805, as Sergeant; Robert M.
Hart, veteran; Jackson Kelly, discharged June 23, 1862, disa-
bility; Robert M. Mann, discharged Februaiy 25, 1863, disa-
bility; Reuben T. Manning, veteran, mustered out December 14,
1805, Corporal; Elias E. Manning, veteran, killed at Kenesaw
June 23, 1864; James P. Meek, veteran, mustered out December

14, 1865; Christian Morgan, record indefinite; John C. Mc-
Carty, died at Chattanooga July 7, 1864; John McKimm, ti-ans-
f erred to Veteran Reserve Corps April 22, 1804; William H.
Neal, mustered out December 14, 1805; William H. Powers,
veteran, killed at Franklin November 30, 1804; Joseph Redd,
mustered out November 21, 1805; Hem-y Sauser, discharged
January 28, 1803, disability; Simon B. Sermons, killed at Frank-
lin November 30, 1804; Lewis S. Thomas, mustered out Febm-
ary 4, 1805; William G. Waltman, record indefinite.

Recruits — Paul S. Hunt, record indefinite.

Company E~Levi Thornburg, promoted Second Lieutenant,
resigned November 8, 1862, disability; George Slack, Second
Lieutenant, resigned April 20, 1862. disability; Elisha Johnson,
ditto; Marquis D. Starbuck, Sergeant, discharged April 17,
1865, disability; Je.8se Davison, Corporal, discharged May. 17,
1862, disability; Joshua W. Starbuck, Corporal, discharged Au-
gust 18, 1802, disability; Samuel R. Bevan, Corporal, veteran,
mustered out December 14, 1805; Welcome G. Starbuck, Cor-
poral, discharged August 17 1862, disability; Nathaii K Men-
denhall, Musician, discharged April 27, 1803, disability.

Privates— Thomas H. Bales, mustered out February 1, 1805;
Amer J. Bales, dietl at Nashville April 10, 1803; Daniel Bales,
veteran, mustered ouV December 14, 1805, (Corporal; James H.
Collin, dischargedi)ttober 10, 1862, disability; Aaron Cox, died
at Nashville Apri™, 1862; Joseph Gordon, discharged Febru-
ary 28, 1865, disability; -Eli Hiatt, died at Shiloh, Tenn., May

15, 1862; Ira Hanks, killed at Franklin, Tenn., November 30,
1864; George W. Jarrett, veteran, discharged May 15, 1865, dis-
ability; Elisha Johnson, veteran, mustered out December 14,
1805, as First Sergeant; Alexander Jones, died at Corinth, Miss.,
May ly. 1862; Henry D. Kepler, record indefinite; John AV.
Knight, veteran, mustered out December 14, 1805, as Sergeant;
Jesse H. Knight, discharged, disability; William H. Lasley,
died at Corinth, Miss., May 12, 1802; Isaac A. Mills, discharged
November 0. 1802, disability; John Morris, veteran, died at
Louisville, Ky., July 28, 1864; William Morris, died at Knox-
ville, Tenn.. December 7, 1863; Alvin M. Owens, discharged
September 12, 1802, disability; Asahel S. Peacock, died on board
steamer Empress May 15, 1802; Jona Peacock, died at Camp

260

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

Dpnison May 15, ],S()2; Joseph Quintle, discharged April 25,
1S()2, disability; James Keeves, dischai'ged July 14, 1!S()3,
disability; Robert F. llobison. killed at Kenesaw June 23,
18(14; John Slack, veteran, mustered out December 1 i. 1805,
Sergeant; William W. Stai-buck, transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps May 14. 1.SG4; John Veuueman, discharged November Ki,
]8()1, disa'bility.

Recruits. Corajiany E— James H. Jones, mustered out April

4, ]S()5; Calvin Puckett. veteran, discharged March 2, 1805,
disal)ility; Solomon Ryiiard, died at Nashville, Teun., March
:5(), lS(»;j: Timothy Rvnard, died at Nat4hville, Tenn., Febraary,
18(>a.

Company I — John D. Lytle, Winchester, February 5. 18G2,
veteran, mastered out June lU, 1805; IlufusK. Deem, discharged
July 18, 1802. disability, wounds in action.

Company K — Stanton K. Peelle, Second Lieutenant, mustered
out, date not given.

SI.XTY-NINTH REGIMKNT INDIANA INFANTRY (THREE YEABs).

The regiment was mustered in at Richmond August 10, l(Sf)2;
Colonel, AVilliam A. Bickel. Mustin-ed out at Mobile, Ala., Julv

5, 18(i5. Public reception at Indianapolis July 18, 1S()5, with
10 officers and 284 men. Welcoming address by Gov. Morton.
Oflficers, 42; men. IIOO; recruits, U8; diwl, ;32(); deserters. 01;
unaccounted for, 21; total, 1,100.

The Sixty-ninth Regiment was hurried into the field, leaving
the very next day, August 20, for Lexington and Richmond, Ky. ,
and fought in the battle there, August 30, 1802, with a heavy
lo.ss of 218 killed and wounded, being finally captured in a body
and paroled on the field. They were sent to parole camp at In-
dianapolis, but were exchanged in a few weeks, and, on the 27th
of November, 1 8(52, the regiment was sent to Alomphis and down
tlie river with Sherman to Vicksburg. They were in the batthi
and repulse at Chickasaw Bluffs, behind VicksbvU'g, losing
slightly. They helped to cajitiu'e Arkansas Post and camped at
Young's Point, losing over 100 men by disease at that deadly

March 30, 1803. the Sixty-ninth led the advance against
Vick.sbm-g. At Richmond. La., they built 2,000 feet of bridg-
ing in three days and the iu-my moved across the peninsula in
front of "Vicksburg. A])ril 30. the advance crossed at Hard
Times Landing, and the battle of Port Gibson was fought the
next day, the Sixty-ninth losing seventy-one in killed and
wounded. May 1(> they were at Champion Hills and May 17 at
Black River Bridge; in the siege of ^'icksburg to May 22, and
nt Black River Bridge during the rest of the siege. The Sixty-
ninth was in Ost«rhaus' division, which uniformly led the ad-
vance in the operations east of the Mississippi before Vicksbm-g
was invested.

The Sixty. ninth whs in the siege of Jackson. August 3 they
W(ne sent to I'ort Hudson and afterwai'd to New Orleans, to Ber-
wick City and the Tocho country, returning to Algiers and em-
barking in November for Texas. Matagorda Tiay was reached
December 1 . 1 803. The regiment sailed for Indianola February
13. 1804, and came back to Matagorda Island Mai-ch 13, suffering
a loss of two officers and twenty men by the swamjung of a boat.

They left Texas tor NewOrleiins in April, and mai-ched
thence to Alexandria, engaging in the tight at that place and
joining in Banks' retreat to Alexandi'ia. They encamped at
Morganzii until December, 1804, making various expeditions
from that place. December 7, 1804. it was sent to Mobile Bay,
and, on the 1 4th, joined the Pascagoula expedition led by Gen.

January 22. 1 805, a consolidation was effected into a battal-
ion with four com])anias. with Oran Perry for commander.
January 31. the battalion ombarki'd for Barrancas. Fla.. and
thence. Maich 14, wont to P(^nsacola. March 20. they moved
with Steele's expedition through to Florida and Southern Ala-
bama, arrivLi.g in the rear of Blakely Aj.ril 1. 1805. The Sixty-
ninth fought in the attack i)n Blaktdy, Ajjril 0. and were sent to
guard prisoners from Blakt^Iy to Shij* Island. They returned
to Blaltely and marched to Selma. Mav 3. thev were ordered to
Mobile for Texas, but remained at Mobile.

They were mustered out at Mobile July 5, 1805, and, with
10 officers and 284 men, reached Indianapolis, and after a public
reception, July 18, 1SG5, the meml>ers of the battalion were dis-
charged and joyfully dispersed to their homes.

The Sixty-ninth left its dead in eleven States, and its serv-
ices, though not so prominent ;is were thoae of some others, were
severe, and, in many cases, attended with great hardships and
suffering. Its death list was very large. Only live regiments
have a greater one, and the per cent of deaths in the Sixty-ninth
is greater than that in any other, as will appear by the following

Ninth (three years) — Deaths, 351; men. 2,141; 10 J, per cent.
Twenty-sixth (three years) — Deaths, 330; men, l.Si'J?; 17 per

Thii-tieth (three years)— Deatlis, 305; meu, 1,408; 20 ptT
cent.

Thirty-fiist (three years)— Deaths, 300; men, 1,880; li»l )>er

Thirty-eighth (three years)— Deaths, 353; men, 2,028; 17.', j.er
cent

Sixth-ninth (three year.s)— Deaths, 332; men, 1,100; 30 per

Eighth Cavahy (Thirty-ninth)— Deaths, 2311; men, 2,415;
14 ])er cent

First Heavy Artillery (Twenty-tu-st) — Deaths, 3'.t2; meu.
3,S3U; 10 per cent

Average per cent in the eight regiments, 10| per cent
The Sixty-ninth is three times as high as that of the lowest
of the eight regiments (First Heavy Artillery), 4 per cent more
than the highest one besidefl, lind almost double the average rate
of the eight regiments.

The swamps of Mississipj)i. Louisiana. Texas, Alabama and
Florida told fearfillly against the lives of the poor fellows who
followed the flag of the Sixty-ninth and in the soil of eleven
once hostile (but now, let us hojje, reconciled and friendly)
States, these much enduring men have been laid to rest to await
the -Archangel's trump at the resurrection morn.

Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry (three years)- -Major, George
H. Bonebrake, mustered out on consolidation January 4, 1805;
Assistant Surgeon, David Ferguson, declined; Jacob S. Mon-
teith, retained in now organization and mustered out with bat-
Residuary Battalion, Company B — William M. Reeves, Sec-
ond Lieutenant, mustered out with battalion.

Company C— Captain, George H. Bonebrake, jiromoted Majoi-,
mustered out January 4, 1805, on consolidation; Firet Lieuten-
ant, John K. Martin, resigned Januaiy 13, 18(13; Second Lieu-
tenant, John S. Way, promoted First Lieutenant, resigned March
10, 1803; Charles Stine, First Sergeant, discharged November

22, 1802, wounds; Charles Bachfield, Sergeant, promoted Second
Lieutenant, i-esigned December 19, 1803; Robert R. Porter.
Sergeant, promoted First Lieutenant, mustered out January 23,
1805, as First Sergeant; John Edwards, Sergeant, mustered out
January 23,18(55; Eli Stakebake, Sergeant, mustered out January

23, 1805; David Hoback, Corporal, discharged June 15, 1803,
wounds; James E. Huston, Corporal, promoted Second Lieuten-
ant, First Lieutenant, Captain, transferred as First Lieutenant
to Company C, battalion. Sixty-ninth Regiment, mustered out
with battalion; David Wai'd, Corporal, transferred to Veteran
Reserve Corps March 2(1, 1804; Albert L. Butts, Charles N.
Monks, James M. Segraves, Charles W. Steel, Prentice Garrett,

j Corporals, mustered out July 5, 1805; William E. Jenkins,
Lewis Truax, Musicians, mustered out June 5, 1^5; William S.
Hugh, Wagoner, dischai-ged April 20, 1803.

Privates — Nelson Abbott, discharged January 20, 1803,
wounds; David Abbott, discharged, disability; Eli Alman, mus-
tered out July 0, 1805; Thomas Abbott, mustered out July 5,
1805; Jacob Bales, record indefinite; Frederick Bolander, mus-
i tered out August 12, 1805; William Brewer, died at Memphis
I December 2, 1802; Benjamin Brewer, mustered out August 12,-
j 1805; Thomas Brewer, mustered out August 12, 1805; Jonathan
< Brown, died at Young's Point March 11, 1803; Thomas J. Cal-
^ vin, died at New Orleans September 12, 1804; Richard J. Corry,

HISTORY OF KANDOLPH COUNTY.

killed at Port Gibson, Miss., May 1. 1863: Jacob Camp, record
indefinite; James (i. Dement, mnstered out Jiily 5, 1865: Isaac

Day, discharged April
near Millikens Bend, L
mustered out July o. \'
M. Flood, discharged Jfir
orite, discharged March,

ility; Eli Edwards, died
1S63; Nelson Edwards,
Foreman, ditto: James
, disability; Davton Fav-
, 18(33, dibability; Francis Fiinn, dis-
urged November 22, 1862, wounds; Charles Fox. record indefi-
nite j John W. Green, mustered out July 5, 1865; John H. Hues-
ton, dischai'ged March 20, 1862. wounds: Benjamin F- Hill,
died it New Orleaos. La., October (i, 1864: James W. Hiatt, dis-
charged April 20, 18(J3; William H. Hobbs, mustered out July
5. 1865; Clark Hobbs, mustered out August 23. 1865; George
W. Hobbick, discharged; Abram Heaston, record indefinite; Jas-
per Hastings, died at Millikens Bend, La., April 10. 1863;
William Hester, discharged November 20. 1862; W. K H.
Johnson, died at Vicksburg August 11, 1S63; Frederick M.
I;asley, killed at Mobile, Ala., May 25, 1865. in an arsenal ex-
plosion; Mahlon Lasley, record indefinite; Amos Lasley, record
indefinite; Joseph B. Lucas, discharged March 6, 1863; Andrew
K. Lewis, discharged November 20. 1862; Peter Meacham, died
at ilemphis Janunry 1 , 1SC,;3: James W. Morrison, killed at Rich-
mond. Kv., August 3(1, 1S(')2: Orange \V. Moorman, mustered out
July 5. is05: Henrv Mnv. killed at Vicksbiu-g, May 22, lS();i:
Harrison Mucky. Gilbert Muol;v. KolM>rt W. Odell, mnster(jd out
July ."^ 1865: David W. J'MH.-r, (rim^f.-rred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, mustered out June 'I'l. IMJI; I'.riijamiu Ross, discharged
Januaiy, 1S63; Henry F. i;auiM.\. ,li>rliavged January 30, 18(53;
William E. Bobbins, disclKuj^^ed March 311, 1S(i3; Samuel
Rul)le, mustered out July 5, 18(i5: James Ranch, record in-
definite; Robert B. Russel died September K), 1862, wound-
ed at Richmond. Ky. ; George Steed, discharged March 28. 18()(i.
disability; Joseph L. Stein,' ti-ausfencd to ('..). iimnv I Xovei.J.n-
10, 1862; James H. Surface, disclKU-.-d \-ov..mbor 10. ISi',:;,
wounds: -Thomas Segraves, mustered unl .)uly 5. lS(i5: Willi.-nu
Segraves, died on the Mississip|.i luv<>r .laiinarv :i. I'^r,:'.:
Alfi-ed M. Scott. Frederick Scholtz, Isaiah Shiver, mustc^Mi
out July 5. iS65: Preston Swain, died at Milliken's Bml
La.. March 11. 186;'.; William Taylor, died at Memphis- !>,■
cember 10. 1862; Isarc Thomson; discharged Fobruarv 10.
1863. disability; Wesley Truax, mustered out July 5, "l865;
Samuel Thomson, discharged January 0, 1863 ; Martin V.
Tuckej-. dischai-ged November 22. 1S62: August I'lricli. died
at Arkansas Post January 13, 1863: Perrv M. \\'o<i. dischur..-p,l
July 23, J8(5;i; Daniel B". Williams, disph.-n-e,! .\pril :;o. isr,:;,
disability; Thomas Webb, killed at Richiiwn.i. K> . \ii._n-.t ::-'.
1S62; Austin Wright, mustered out July 5. I m;.",; Vit,,]] Wrloiii,
died on hospital boat February, i^^3: Alexaudev Wood, •\Villiam
R. AVood, mustered out July 5, 1S65; Isaac R. Wood, transferred
to Veteran Roserve Corps December 4. 1863; J. P. Yarnell, died
September 1. 18()2, wounds, at Richmond, Ky.

Recruits— Samuel Bartholomew, Henry C. Cox, transferred
to Forty-foin-th Regiment July 1. 1.S65; Calvin S. Engle, record
indefinite; Daniel S. Hoggatt, died at home; James M, Hoggatt,
died at Black River Bridge July 26, 1863; Joshua Jessup. died
in hospital boat; Harvey E. Meacham, discharged Manli i>. )si',:],
disability; John Nevil, Thomas D. Smith, John C, Sinidi, liaviil
B. Strahan,transfen'ed to the Forty-fourth Regiment .Inly I. IMiri.

Company D — Captain, Joim' Ross, resigned Jaimuiy I t.
1S63; First Lieutenant, Samuel J. Miller, promoted Captain,
resigned November 20, 1803 ; Second Lieutenant, Jacob A. Jack-
son, wounded in the left ann at the battle of Richmond, Kv.,
August 30, 1862, resigned January 30. 1863.

Residuary Battalion, Company D— Captain. Joseph R. Jack
son, mustered out with battalion; Second Lieutenant, Nathan B.
Coffgoshall, mustered out with liattalion; First Sergeant. John
R. Adamson, killed at Thomsou\=i Hill, Miss., May 1, 1863.

Sergeants — John Macy, promoted First Liuiitouaut, promoted
Captain, transferred as First Lieutenant to Company B, Bait-
talion, Sixty -ninth Regiment; Joseph L. Deputy, dischai--ed
December 20, 1863, woimds; James N. Cropjier, promoted Sec-
ond Lieutenant, resigned July 25, 18()J; George W. McCormick.
mustered out July 5, 1805, as private.

Corporals— David R. Lamb, discharged August 1. 1863;
Simon R. .Adamson. dischanjod Octolier 10. 1863: William
Adamson. lun-tereil ri\i( .fulv ."i. iv(;r,; .i,,]iii It. Allen, discharged ■
February M, l^i'i'.; Willian: .V. W liijiil. Irausfcrred to Veteran
Reserve Coriis FrLniarv l."i. l.SOt: ij.uia Wright, discharged
March 15. 1802; Ulcirard M. HiuiL, disc-harged April 10, 1862;
William J. Cox, mustered out as private July 5, 1865.

Musicians— Caleb B. Fleming, discharged March 6, 1863;
Ja.son H. Greenstreet, discharged February 14, 1865.

Wagoner — John Mills, mustered out July 5. 1865.

Privates — James Adamson, Jonathan Beeson, Thomas W.
Botkin, Corporal, John W. Botkiu, William T. Botkin, as Ser-
geant, Bernar 1 Bradfordfield, Bela N. Botkiu. Corporal. Moses
E. Conyers, Edward T. Cropper, Corporal, Edwin Cole, George
E. Fleming, John Frazer, Henry H, Farmer, Thomas W. Gaddis,
John W. Hunt. David Hutchins, AVilliam M. Hughs, Henry Clay
Hunt, Giles P. Hunt, Bazil P. Hunt, Robert Haxton. Harry E.
Han-is, George 0. Jobes, John T. Joluison, John Kepler, George
Keever, George W. Lloyd, Albert C. Macy, Elijah Noftsker.
William F. Phillips. Rodolph G. Quickie, Lewis' Smith, Riley
J. Salisberrj', Amb. O. Valandingham, ;Goolope Wright, Jack-
son Anderson, died December 9, 1863; Oliver Atkins, died Feb-
ruary 12, 1863; Edward B. Butler, discharged JauuaiT 2. 1863;
Robert B. Butler, discharged June 20, 18()3: William T. Bot-
kin. died February 6. lS(>;i: Jerr^miah Bly, <1iscliarE;cd June 0,
iSliH; Mattiirw c! r,i-n.:K>-. disfliai-vd Jniiuarv 2. IM',:',.. George
M, Brooks, .li.-.ii.ii-c.l .\].iil ■:'.*. is<-.:!; .Mariin \. l!.-ard, died
Febmary 2;;. I'-o:;; Xidiolas npui,..u. tnui^t.Tre.l 1.. \ci..ranRe-
.sorvo ("or|is l'..lauavy 10, INU: W'lDiam Chjunuess. transferred
to (li. Tw, Illy f iiirth Regiment July 5, 1865; George W. Caty,
died Maivli 1 1, \Siy4: Thomas C. C!ox, discharged January 20,
!S'-.::, M .^,- (•;,|^. (ii.s.'harged August 6, 1863: John M. Dens-
la-.i ; ; I . ; ;,,:.:,, 2. 1S63: William S. Densmore, died
■'■■<■ ' F. Edwards, discharged August 26,

I'"'' ' " -. discharged January 2, 1863; -Jacob

iM— ;:■.-., I JO. J.SC,:!; Alonzo'n. Cr«.d, traus-

Ki(

laii. di.-

M.ai

ter,-d (

S\lv,a),ns M;icy, disr.hai-ed Juii'e l'.),'v-m- .Uuu^o ii. Mai'bhall,
tiahsl,.ii-i.d to Veteran Reserve Corps^ December 25. 1863,
w ^ 1 I . David Niccum. discharged MaiVh 0, 1863; Peter Nic-
r 1.1. i.rwrd indefinite; Daniel B. Oriu, died May 25, 1S63;
WiUiiuii H. Peacock, discharged November 17,' 1802, wormds;
Columbus Quackenbush, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps
February 15, 1864: Elias G. Quickie, died November 29, 1802;
Myron Ross, died January 16, 18()3; James M. Rape, died April
2. "1863; William H. Sheppard, discharged Febraary 10, 1863;
William R. Stephens, mustered out May 25, 1865; Andrew Sny-
der, unaccounted for; James M, Stephens, transferred to Veter-
an Reserve Coi-ps February 10, 1864; Andrew J. Stephens,
killod at Richmond. Ky.. August 30, 1802; John S. Sterling.
ilischart;vi| Alai.li ('). 1.>()3; Patrick H. Sheppard, discharged
.laiiuaiv 10. I^(i.^; Lorenzo Tho.rnburg, killed at Richmond, Ky.,
.\iii;u,M :in. Im;.-,; Muses P. Veal, killed at Thomson's Hill, Miss.,
Jla.N 1. l^O:;: ( i.arl,..-; Wilson, died January 16, ],S(;3.

('.>iiiiiaii\ I''. I'lrst Lieutenant, Corncdius Longfellow, pro-
mwt.d i'.-iiilain. rrsitjued M;irch 23, ]N63: Second Lieutenant,
Fi-an.is Fiviirl,. n.siguod Mai'ch 27. 1863.

Sergeants- Roliert E. Daly, died at Richmond, Ky., October
10. 1862.. wounds; Christian E. Zimmerman, mustered out Oc-
tober 4, 1863, by order of AVar Department: Isaac 31. Nichols.
pro7noted Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, re.signed October
8, 1S()3; James W. Sheppard, mustered out July 5, 1865.

Corporals— Jesse S. Byrd. died May 12, 1863, woimds re-
ceived at Port Gibson: Thomas Hollingsworth, promoted First
Lieutenant, discharged May 12, 1804, as Sergeant, disability;
Williauj Johnson, discharged April 3, 1863, as Sergeant, dis-
ability; AA'illiam F.- Locke, discharged April 29. 1863, wounds:

TIISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

John Hiushaw, discharged May 2'2, 180:J. disability; Daniel H.
Miller, discharged January W. ISG;), disability; John Stanley,
Musician, r(^cord indetinito; John Kirkmau, Wagoner, discharged
March 7, 1803. disability.

Privates — Isaac Ballinger. discharged June 24, 1S03, dis-
ability; James M. Bachelor, record indotinite; JIadison Beverlin,
died at Young's Point, La., Aj)ril ;i, ISO;]: John Bachelor, dis-
charged October 2, 1803, disability; John Blair, discharged No-
vember 22, 1802, wounds; Abner Bales, died at Young's Point,
La., February 14, 1803, disease; Pleasant W. Bales, mustered
out July 5, 1805; Isaac N. Bales, mustered out July 5, 1805;
William W. Beekv discharged April 1, 1803, wounds; Albin
Baldwin, mustered out July 5, 180."); Jackson Bishop, died April
1, 1803; Joshua Gate, died at Memphis, Tenn., March 15, 1863;
William P. Campbell, discharged November 22, 1802. disability;
Joel Cook, died at Jackson, Miss., July 12. 1803,' disability;
John H. Clark, died October 2, 1802. wounds; Thomas Go.x, died
at Milliken's Bend, Liu, June 28, 1803, disability; Orlister R.
Caty, died day of dischai-go, May 22, 1804; Nathan B. Cogges-
hall, promoted Second Lieutenant, transferred to Company D,
Battalion Sixty-ninth, mustered out with battalion; Allen Cog-
gleshall, mustered out July Ti, 18G5; Thomas H. Cadwallader,
discharged March 1, 1803, by civil authority; Jacob Clark, mus-
tered out July 5, 1805; William L. French, discharged Novem-
ber 22, 1802, wounds; Joseph S. Frazier, died in hospital at
Baton Rouge, La., Januaiy 1, 1803, disease; William Farmer,
discharged March 7, 1803, disability; Ancil B. Freeman, dis-
charged March 20, 1803, wounds; John R. Fi.sher, discharged
April 7, 1802, disability; David G. Freeman, mustered out June
30, 1805; William L. Freeman, mustered out July 5, 1805;
Timothy Gray, mustered out July 5, 1805; Levi 0. Huff, dis-
charged March 22. 1803, disability; Henry Hill, died at St.
Louis, Mo., February 5, 1803; Nathan Harris, record indefinite;
Jesse J. Hodgin, mustered out July 5, 1805; George L. frwin,
mustered out July 5, 1805, as Corporal: Isaac W. D. R. Johnson,
James Jones, mustered out Jxily 5, 1805; William Johnson, dis-
charged April 3, 1803, as Sergeant, disability; Jonas .Johnson,
killed at Port Gib.son, Miss., May I, 1803; David M. Kinsay,
discharged November 20. 18()2, disability; John W. Kennedy,
discharged September 25, 1802, by civil authority; Demetrius
Kimbraugh, mustered out July 5, 18(55; John 11. Longfellow,
record indefinite; Daniel H. Miller, discharged January 10,
1803, disability; Hiram Moreland, discharged December 1, 181)2,
disability; John Morgan, died September M), 1802, wounds;
Isaac Maun, drowned in Missi.ssippi River June 18, 18()4; David
Mann, discharged March 1, 1803, by civil authority; Pierce H,
Moody, discharged AjM'il 8, 18(')3, wounds; Jacob S. Moiiteith.
I>romotod Assistant Surgeon, retained in new organization and
luustored out with battalion; William Mann, discharged June
13, 1803, disability; Tarlton Nichols, discharged April 13, 18()3,
wounds; Curtis L. Ncal, died in ]'ebol prison, Cuhaba, Ala..
November, 18t')3; William Odell, missing since battle of Rich-
mond, Ky., Augu.st 30, 1803; William H. Pierce, died at Mem-
phis, Tonn., March U. 1803. disea,so; Eli Pearson, discharged
April 18, 1802, disability; David Pierce, mustered out July 5,
1805; Joseph Parmer, killed at Richmond, Ky., August 30, 18()2;
Ijovi Piatt, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; William Piatt,
died at Milliken's Bond, La., June '.), 18(i3, disease; John Pear-
sonett, died at New Orleans, La., SepUunber 2'.), 18()3, disease;
Albert R. Quigley, discharged August 8, 1803, wounds; Henry
0. Reynolds, died on hospital boat, Memphis, Tenn., February
27, 1803; George F. Rainer, discharged March 13. 1803, wouuds;
(ieurge W. Roberts, mustered out July 5, 18(')5, as Sergeant;
Jrsper Roberts, mustered out July 5. 1805. as Corporal; AVilbur
F. Reynolds, Barzilla Reynolds, uiustorwl out July 5, 18()5;
James C. Smith, died Januarv 7. 18r,;{. wounds; Wesley B. Stan-
ley, killed at Vicksburg. Miss., May 22. 18()3; Franklin Slagle,
died at Memphi.s, Tenn., February 15. 18()3, disease; Manlove
Stigall, discharged February !l, 18(13; Henry Stig;dl, discharged
September. 1802, by civil authority; John W. iSiatrlo, mustered
ont July 5, 1805; William Starliridge, discliarged November 22.
1802, disability; AVilliam Stigall. died at Milliken's Bend. La..
March 31, 1803, di.seaso; Daniel Tavlor, record indefinite; Jona-

than Thorp, discharged Febrnaiy I'.l, 1803, di.sability; William
Thornbm-g, mustered out July 5, ]S05, as Corporal; Hem-v Veal,
died at Williiimsburg. Ind., September 20, 1803; Jonath;i,n
Weaver, mustered out July 5. 1805; Jonathan R, "\ATiitaker,
discharged November 22. 18(12. wounds.

Recruits— S({uir(> C. Bowen, John W. Chenoweth, John Curr.
Arthur B. I'';u-r. James Farr, transferred to Twenty- fourth Rr^n-
ment July 5, 1805; James Gray, mustered out July 5, 18i).''i;
Oliver C. Gordon, transferred to Twenty-fourth Regiment July
5, 1865; Benjamin F. Hutchins, mustered out July 5, 18(15;
Isaiah Kesat, transferred to Twenty fourth Regiment July 5. 1 805. -

Com)>any F — Fir.st Lieutenant, Joseph R. Jackson, promotc'd
Captain Company E, transferred to Company D, residuary bat-
talion, mustered out with battalion; Second Lieutenant, George
AV. Thomson, resigned January 21, 1803.

Sergeants— AVilliam M. Reeves, promoted Second Lieutenant.
First Lieutenant, ti'anslerred to Second Lieutenant of Company
B in Battalion of Sixty-ninth Regiment, mustered out with bat-
talion; Solomou J. Harter, killed at Fort Bradley, Ala., April 0.
1805.

Corporals — Rinaldo Castle, mustered out July 5, 1805, as
l)rivato; Daniel W. Shipley, drowned in Alabama River April 22.
1805; Albert Murphy, mastered out July 5, 1805, as private;
Abner Page, discharged November 28, 1802; Henry W. Mur))iiy,
record indefinite; Harlin 1'. Castle, Musician, mustered out Jul\'
5, 1805.

Privates - Francis M. Cammack, as Coriioral; James D. Dull.
William F. Engle, Thomas E. Fulghum. as Corporal; Alexan<lev
Guliett, as Corporal; Allen W. Grave, as Sergeant; \V'illi:uu
Haywood. John W. Jackson, Hezekiah Jackson, Lemuel H. Jack .
son. William Y. Jiickson, Alexander Moore. David Murphy, John.
F. Middleton, as Sergeant; Isaac E. Marshall, William A.
Matchett, Lewis B. O. Neall, Sydney Potter, Martin V. Fin-
ney, Henry Wise; Dexter P. .«ead, transferred to Twenty-
fourth Regiment July 1, 1805; Aaron F. Adams, record in
definite; William R. Anderson, died January 12, 1803; Joim
Barnes, discharged February 0, 18(>3; Nathan C. Beach, trans -
feiTed to Veteran Reserve Corjjs September 1. 1803, wounds;
George W. Busle. discharged from wounds at Richmond, Kv.;
George W. Chenoweth, died Mav 14. 1803. wounds; Philij. H.
Clear, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 4, 1S(U.
wounds; John W. Chirk, discharged May 15, 1803, disability;
Samuel A. Cooper, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, mustered
out June 30. 18(15: AVilliam Clough, killed at Thomson's Hill,
Miss., Mav I, 1803; Ezekiel Cloiigh. discharged March 27, 18(1;!;
Thomas H. Downing, died May 14. 1803. wounds; John Harness,
drowned in Alabama River April 22. 1805; John M. Hill, dis
charged A])ril 3, 1803; Matthew Jellison, transferred to A^etenm
Reserve Corps April 4. 1804; Joel Lock, killed at Chickasuw
Bluff. Miss., December 31. 18()2; Nelson R. Lowder, died M.-iy
14. 1803, wounds; Jesse L. Lambert, discharged November 2S,
1802; James F. Moore, dischai-ged March 0. 1803; Daniel l;.
Miller, died March 0. 1803; Levi Matchett. died July 20, 1803;
ViUn- E. Matchett, died Julv 13, 1S()3; AVilliam Peden. dis-
charged Janu:u-y 18. 1803; Wilson S. Peden, died Mai-ch 14.
1803; John A. Rubey. discharged June 10, 18(53. as Hosjufal
Stewm-d; John C. Rubey, discharged March U. 1803; Alon/o
R. Scott, died Jauiuu-y 'M), 1803; Joel Smith, died November 2.
1803; George Sutton, record indefinite; Ben jamin AV. Simmons,
transferred to A'et^ran Reserve Corps March 0. 1804, wounds;
Nathan C. Simmons, discharged A))ril 0, 1803; Jamas P. Smitli,
discharged January 2, 1803; Edwin M. Tausey, diseh;u-ged No-
vember 28, 1803; Cornelius A'an Meigs, discharged Aiiril 2:1,
1803.

tv), 'J

Organized August 18, 1802; mustered ont September 15,
1S05. The CnloMel a( lirst was Col. R. W. Thompson. Officers,
50; men l.l-.O; i-.vnuts. .".IS; died. '200; deserted, 105; uu;ic-
counted fi.r. 7J: l,.|;il, I,, IS; returned with 32 officers and 0:11
men; public rece|ifi(iii ;it Indianapolis; welcoming speech bv
Gov. Morton; brief remarks by Lieut. Gen. U. S. Grant; mus.
tered in as iufnntry; changed to cavalry by order under date nf
February 22. 1801 (probably).

HISTORY OK RANDOLPH COUNTY.

263

Membfirs from Randolph County — J<imes L. Byke, trausfeiToil
to A. N. \V. i;ebmary 8. 1865.

Company C — Firet Llpiitennnt. AdamB. Simmons: mustoi'od
out with battalion at close of service.

Regiment itiUstered iti at Wabush August 111. 1802) Colonel,
Jolin U. :^ettiL llegimehi mustered out at WaHhington Juno N,
18(35; public tec^ption of that tiktibther regjinents at Indiabapo-
lis in the Capitbl gi-ounds Jtliie li. 18(35. Officers, 42; men, 1,-
070; recruits, Kid; died, 227; deserted. ;!0: imaccounted for, :U ;
mustered out, 450; total number, 1,127.

The Seventy-fifth Regiment was raised in the Eleventh Con-
gressional District, and its place of rendezvous was Wabash.
The men wore mustered in August ID, and August 21 the regiment
moved to Louisville, thence to Lebanon and back to Louisville.
They marched to Frankfort, Scottsvillo and Gallatin, and back
to Cave City in pursuit of MoiVan. Their winter camp was near
Oalldtin, and in January, 18(5:!, they moved to llurfreesboro,
remaining until June 24, being engaged in scouting and otlier hard
service. The Seventy-fifth waa a part of the Second Brigade,
Third Division, Fomteenth Army Corps, and they were known
as the Indiana Brigade, all throe regiments being from Indiana
— Seventy-fifth, Eighty-seventh and One Hundred and First

Juno 24, ISOy, the regiment sot out for Tullahoma, fighting
the battle of Hoover's Gap as they went. This regiment entered
the rebel works at Tullahoma first about July 1 , 1 8()3. It crossed
the Tennessee with Rosecrans and fought at Chickamauga
September 10 and 20, 18(3:). the loss being 17 killed and 107
wounded.

The regiment was stationed at Chattanooga for several months,
taking a part in the battle of Mission Ridge, losing twenty-two
killed and wounded. The winter was spent in and near Chatta-
nooga, and early in the spring the regiment moved to Ringgold
for the Atlanta campaign. April 27, 1864, Sherman ordered his
troops to concentrate at Chattanooga.

We quote from the Adjutant General's report:

' ■ On the 7th of May, 1864, Thomas occupied Laurel Hill.
On the 12th, the whole army, except Howard's Corjis, moved
through Snake Creek Gap on Resaca. On the 1 5th the battle
of Resaca was fought, and the same night the rebel army re-
treated across the Oostenaula. Near Adairsville, the rear of the
rebel army was encountered, and a sharp fight ensued. On the
28, the enemy made an assault at Dallas, but met with a bloody
repulse. On the 27th of Juno an assault was made upon the
enemy's position on Kenosaw withotit success. On the 2d of
July, Kenesaw was abandoned by the enemy. On the 4th,
Thomas demonstrated so strongly on the enemy's communications
as to cause him to fall back to theChattahoochie River and cross
that i-iver on the 0th. On the 20th, the enemy sallied from his
works in force, and fought the battle of Peach Tree Creek. On
the 22d, a general liattle was fonght in front of Atlanta, the
rebels being defeated. On the 2S(h, the enemy made another
assault upon our besieging linos, but were driven back in con-
fusion. The siege of Atlanta vigorously progressed ^vith con-
stant skirmishing. On the 25th of August, the bulk of Sherman's
army moved by a circuit ai-ound Atlanta, struck its southern com-
muniiiations near Fairburn, destroying the West Point Railroad
and the Macon Railroad, This • caused tho enemy to evacuate
Atlanta on the 2d of September. On the 4th of September, the
army moved slowly back to Atlanta, aud rested in clean, healthy
camps. Thus, after four month.s" campaign, ended one of the
greatest achievements of the war."

During the Atlanta campaign tho regiment -marched and
fought with the Second Brigade. Third Division, Fourteentli Army
Corps, engaging in the battles of DaJtou, Resaca, Dallas, Kene-
saw Mountain. Peach Tree Creek and Jouesboro, The I'ogiment
had for a brief season a time of rest: but sofju they moved to repel
Hood's advance on Sherman's roar. The regiment marched in
pursuit to Gaylesville, resting a short time on the Chattooga
River. Returning to Atlanta, the Seventy- fifth set out with
Sherman on his famous "march to tho sea," and wont the wholo
round through Georgia and the Carolinas, to Raleigh, and

through Virginia to Richmond and Washington, And by that
time, the war whs over.

The regiment took part in the grand review before President
Johnson, Gen, Sherman and the rest of tie magnates, marching
in solid f)halanx twelve deej) for hours, " tramp, ti'amp, tramp,''
througk the Iwoall avenues of the Capital City.

They wore Hitistered out at the capital Juno >S, 18(')5. Tho
recruits Were trtttlsferl-ed to the Forty-second Indiana, and served
with thftt regiment Uiltil its miwter out at Louisville July 21, 1865.

Company F— Charles S. Btittorworth, mustered out June 8,
1865; SattiUel A. Force, mustered out June 8, 1865; Nathan B.
Hickman, discharged February 28. 18(53; George McCartney,
mustered out June 8, 1865.

SEVENTY-SEVENTH REOIMENT (fOUKTH CAVALKy).

Colonel. Isaac P. Gray; resigned February 11, 1863; Assis-
tant Surgeon, William Commons, declined; organized August
22, 1862; mustered out June 20, lS(i5.

Officex-s, 57; men. 1,16(); recruit*;, 301; desertei-s, S4; died,
'J04; unaccounted for, 51; total, 1,524.

Field of operation, Kentucky, Indiana, Tennessee, Georgia,
Alabama and Mississippi.

Battles in which the Seventy-seventh took part: Madison-
ville, Ky,, October 5, 1862; Chickamauga, Tonn,, September 19
and 20, 1863; Mossy Creek, Tenn., January 12, 1864; Xewnan,
Ga., July 3, 1864; Columbia, Tenn., November 26, 1864; Fair
Garden, Tonn., February 10, 1805; Ebenezer Church, La., April
1, 1865; Sehua, Ala., April 2, 1865.

Regiment mustered in at Richmond September 3, 1862;
Colonel, Nelson Truwier; mastered out at Nashville June 18,
IS65; reachedlndiaiiapolis June 17. 1865; was publicly received,
witn others, Jimo '_'ii. ISi'iri- Addiessos were made by Gov.
Morton, Gen. Hovey. (li'ii. \\'ilil<T ,-iiid others.

Officoi-s, 43; men '.inii; ircmits, 7S; died, 207; deserted, 53;
unaccounted for, 9; returned, 340; total, 1,027.

The Eighty-fourth Regiment was raised in the Fifth Dis-
trict, a)id mustered in at Richmond September 3, 1 802, with
Nelson Truslor, Colonel. Its fii-st work was to aid in the defense
of Cincinnati from the legions of Kirby Smith. Buell's army made
tho Confederate hosts to fall back, and the regiment was sent
to Western Virginia, camping at Point Pleasant, Guyandotte,
Catlettsburg and Cassvillo; at the latter place nearly three mouths.
February 7, 1863, the Eighty-fourth sailed down the Ohio to
Louisville, and thence to Nashville, encamping there until
Marcli 5. Thence they moved to Franklin, camping again imtil
tho 3d of Juno. Its times of oncampmont were occupied with
scouting, reconnnoissanoos, skirmishes, and the like.

June 3, they marched to Triune. Thoy wore attacked June
II, but without success, by tho rebels. Thence they marched
tlu'ongh Shelbyville to Wartrace, encamping until August 12,
and thence to Tullahoma and to Stevenson, Bridgeport and Chat-
tanooga, arriving Spi)t«raber 13. Camping at Rossville until the
ISth, tho regiment marched to tho front and were posted on the
left of the army of tho Cumberland,

The Eighty- fourth was i n the battle of Chickamauga both days,
fighting bravely and losing heavily. Holding tho key to Rose-
crans' retreat, that division stood stubbornly and saved the
army. Tlie regiment was on )iicket duty o|)jiosite Lookout
Mountain nine days and nights, and then moved to Moccasin
Point and then to Shell Mound, remaining there until January
20, 1S()4. Tho Eighty-fom-th was transfen-rod to the Second
Brigade, First Division, Fom-th Army Corps. The regijient
marched to Cleveland, reaching the place February 6; thence
on tlie tho 22d to Buzzard's Roost, fighting there on the 25th.
Rotm-ning to Cleveland, they stayed until the 3d of May, 1864,
Sherman was now ready to march* and fight his stubborn way to
Atlanta, "the gateway of the South." imd tho Eighty-fourth
was with him all the time, and were engaged in fifteen battles
during that terrible smnmer, marching triumi^hanlly at the last
into the con(|Uored city of Atlanta. After this campaign, the
Fourth Corps was ordered back to tho Army of the Tennessee;

264

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and they marched by way of Athous, Pulaski and Franklin to
Nashville, fighting in the furious biittle of Franklin on the way.
Reaching Nashville December 1, they had barely time for a
short respite before Thomas burst forth upon Hood with resist-
less power, scattering Hood's army to the winds. Our troojis
pursued for a long way, and returned at last.

Encamping at Huntsville, where it had ended its pursuit of
Hood, the troops remained there until Mai-ch 18, moving thence
to Knoxville, Strawboriy Plains, Bull's Gap and Shield's Mills.
Kemaining awhile, they went back once more to Nashville April
18, 18!;r). Juno 14, 1805, the Eighty-fourth was mustered out
at Nashville, the recruits being assigned to the Fifty-seventh
Indiana, serving in that regiment until its muster out in No-
vember, ISC),-).

Beaching Indianapolis June 17, a reception was hold June
2r>, 180r..

Three companies belongini; to the Eighty- fourth Regiment
were formed chiotly in Randolpli County. Company A, mostly
from Farmland; Company E, chiefly from Deerlield; Company
H, largely fr jm AViuchest«r. A considerable number of Company
K also belonged to Randolph.

Fully 800 went from this county alone in the Eighty fourth
Regiment.

General officers from Rand jlph County are as follows: Majoi-,
Andrew J. Neff, promoted Lieutenant Colonel, Colonel, resigned
as Lieutenant Colonel October 17, 1804; Ailjutant, Ebenezer T.
ChafTee, mustered out; Chaplain. Thomas Addington, resigned
March 15, 1804; Assistant Surgeon, Robert P. Davis, resigned
May 17, 1865.

Company A — Captain, William Bunis, on detail service at
Soldiers' Home, lit Indianapolis, mustered out on a separate
roll; First Lieutenant, Henry T. Semans, mastered out with reg-
iment; Second Lieutenant, William A. Burres, honorably dis-
charged October M, 1864: Sergeants, Robert P. Davis, jiromoted
Assistant Siu-geon, resigned May 17, 1805; James Filson, died
at Nashville, Tenn., June 7, 1805; William C. Diggs. died at
Cassvillo, Va., January 25, 1808; John W. Macy, promoted to
Second Lieutenant, mxtstered out June 14, 1805, iw First Ser-
geant; Corporals, John Addington, died at Lookout Mountain
vSeptember 2, 1S04, of wounds; Samuel Wright, mustered out
June 14, 1S()5; William W. Fowler, discharged January 8,
1865; Thomas B. Melntyre, discharged January 18, 1808; Na-
than Elwood, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Sergesint; D.ivid
Snyder, died at Shell Mound, Tenn, November 18, 1808; Jo-seph
Life, record indefinite: James McProud. mustered out May 18.
1805; Musicians, William J. Davison, dischai-ged December 14,
1808, loss of sight; James A. Martin, mustered out June 14,
1805; Wagoner, Henry Addington, died at Nashville October 7,
1808. Privates, Thomas Addington, promoted Chajjlain. re-
signed March 15, 1864; William S. Addington, mustered out
June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Flavius M. Black, discharged April
7, 18')5, for wounds; William Bales, record indefinite; Alexan-
der C. Black, mustered out June 14, t8(i5, as Sergeant; Josiah
M. Brewer, transferred to Engineer Corps June 80, ]8(U; George
M. Bales, mustered out June 14, 1805; Alfred Clinard. mus-
tered out June 14. 1805; W. C. Chambers, transferred to Engi-
neer Corps June 8, 18(i-i; Seth Conarroe, mustered out May IVt,
1805; Andrew W. Clevengor, mustered out June 14, 1805; Silas
(fenarroo. mustered out June 14, 1805; Elias Dull, died at A.sh-
land, Ky., Deceml)or 81, 1862; Calvin W. Diggs, prisoner at
Andersonville, mustered out June 14, 18(55; Jonathan F. Den-
ton, mustered out June 14, 1805; Levi M. Dotey mustered out
June 14, 1S05; AVilliam B. Denton, mustered out June 14,
18()5; John Driver, mustered out May 18, 18()5; John W. Dud-
ley, mustered out Juno 14, 1805; Morgan Driver, discharged
May 15. 1S05, William J. Fodrea, mustered out , June 10, 1805;
Thomas O. Flood, discharged August 20, 1803; Thomas Fancher,
transferred to V. R. C. December 17, 1808; George M. French,,
discharged February 27, 1805; David Ford, discharged Febru-
ary 18, 1805; Thomlas J. Fisher, mustered out June 14, 1805;
Samuel Gantz, died at Nashville December 20, 1.864; William
H. Gordon, mustered out July 4, 1S()5; Thomas C. Grills', record
indefinite; David Garringcr, mustered out June 14. 1865; Nathan

Hiatt, killed at Chickamauga Sei)tembor 20. 1868; Samuel Huft".
man, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Elwood Harris,
died July 20, 18(')4; Michael Hubbard, died July 20, 1804; John
Hetfern, died at Murfreesboro July 20, 18()8; Moses Heron, died
at Nashville September 5, 1.S08; Charles A. C. HowTen. record
indefinite; William Jones, record indefinite; James W. Johnson,
discharged Decembers, 1S()8; Benjamin F. Lewellen. discharged
February 4, 18(58; James Leaver, mustered out June 14, 1865;
George Leaver, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Abram
Life, discharged February (5, 1808, of wounds; Noah Mai'tin.
died at Chattanooga October 14, 1808; David Martin, mustered
out June 14, 18(55; William Mendenhall, died at Chattanooga
October KS, 1.S08, of wounds; James H. McNees, transferred to
V. R. C. ; AVilliam F. Mullen, 'mustered out June 14, 18(55:
Elijah AV. Moore, transferred to V. R. C. April 10, 1.S64; James
H. B. McNees, transferred to V. R, C, mustered out JubeU.
1865; ElzaB. Melntyre. discharged May .S, 1865; William H.
Moore, mustered out May 80, 1S65; John L. Merriwether, mus
tered out May 80, 1.865; Daniel W. McCamy, died at Franklin,
Tenn., May 18, 1868; Abraham H. Mesarvey, transferred to
Fifty-seventh June 9, 1.805; George McGriff, discharged August
'J, 18(54: Phineas Montgomery, rhustered out June 1, 1865; David
Miller, mustered out June 14. 1865; Andrew Miller, died at
Nashville August 15, 1868; Isaac Noyer, record indefinite:
Augustus Pearskey, mustered out June 14, 1.865; Jeremiah Pain-
ter, mustered out June 14, 18(55; Mai'tin Pegg, mustered out
June 14, 18(55: Alfred Pickett, died at Chattanooga November
5, 1.8(58; James T. Pursley, transferred to Fifty-seventh Regi-
ment June 9, 1.S05; James M. Pursley, discharged .July 11, 1.86:i:
P^lijah Pendergrass, transferred to V. R. C. November 25, 1861;
Thomas J. Page, died at Ashland, Ky., December 81, 1862; AVil-
son C. Roach, killed by accident April 9, 1865; Francis Sloan,
mustered out June 14, 1865; Thomas J. Semans, mustered out
June 14, 1.S65, as Corporal; William M. Shinn, discharged July
21, 18(58: Oliver Sullivan, discharged December 10, 1868; AVill-
iam H. J. Spencer, killed at Chickamauga September 19, 18(58:
Hiram Townsend, mustered out June l-i, 1865; Solomon Tm'n-
])aw, tr.instVn-ed to A^ R. C. January 9. 18(55; Josiah AVoodard,
died afc AVartrace, Teim., August 11, 1,8(58; Julian AA'oodard,
mustered out June 14, 18(55; Joseph AVood, killed at Chickamau-
ga September 20, 1868; Valentine AVhite, died at Nashville May
24, 1868; Tipton AVhite, discharged May 9. 18(55. Recruits
— Marshal McNees, transferred to Fifty-seventh June 9, 18(55;
Elza McNees, transfen-ed to V. R. C. August 8, 18(54.

Company C — Second Lieutenant, Clinton D. Smith, honor-
ably discharged April 2(5. 1864, promoted from Sergeant, Corn-
Company E — Captain, MartinB.Millor, promoted Major. Lieu-
tenant Colonel. Colonel, mustered out as Lieutenant Colonel with
regiment; First Lieutenant, Joseph E. Ruhl, discharged by
order of AVar Department; Second Lieutenant, Henry T. AVarreu.
promoted First Lieutenant, transferred to United States Veteran
Engineer Cor[)s November 20, 1804; Amos Evans, promoted
Second Lieutenant; mustered out as First Sergeant with regi-

Company E— Sergeants, Joseph S. Fisher, promoted Second
Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, Captain, mustered out with regi
ment; Grover S. Fowler, mustered out June 14. 1865. as private;
Osoar D. Needham, mustered out June 14, 1865; William Drew,
discharged August 20, 18(58; Clinton D. Smith, promoted Sec-
ond Lieutenant, Company C, honorably discharged April 2, 1864.
Corporals — Eli M. Elsy, transferred to Fifty-ninth Regiment;
McKendriek C. Smiley, mustered oxit June 14, 1865, as private;
Frank M. Flickenger, jn-omoted First Lieutenant, killed in action
March 18, 18(55; Franklin A. Burley, record indefinite; James

E. Kemp, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Sergeant; Benjamin

F. Kemp, promoted First Lieutenant, mustered out with regi-
ment; Amos Evans, mustered out June 14, 1865, as First. Ser-
geant; Morgan Mahoney, mustered out May 81, 18651'. 'Mu-'
sicians— John Q. Pierce, discharged August 20. 18(58; David
Thomson, discharged May 14, 1868. Wagoner, Charles Wood-
bury, record indefinite. Privates — AVilliam AV. Allbright., died
February 6. 18(54; Elbert Bragg, missing in action at Chicka

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

manga September 20, 1868; Albert Bragg, mustered out June
14. 1805, as Corjjoral; Ephraim D. Baugh, mustered out June
14, 18(55; William F. Bragg, mustered out June 14, 18(55, as
Corporal; Andrew J. Bragg, died May 27, 1804; Henry Bragg,
mustered out June 14, 1805; Jacob Brown, discharged Feb-
ruary 17, 1808; John W. Burk, killed at Chickamauga Septem-
ber 20, 1808; Isaac Clapp, discharged March 14, 1805; Thomas
Croll, died December S, 1808. of wounds; Benjamin Doty, killed
at Lovejoy, Septt;mber 2, 1804; Henry Dick, died July 5, 1804,
of wounds; William Dickerson, transfeiTed to Fifty-seventh
Itegimont; John D. Frazier, mustered out June 14, 1805; Allen
Fowler, transferred to Engineer Corps August 10, 1804; Frank-
lin Fordyce, mustered out Jime 14, 1805, as Corporal; George
W. Goucher, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Wagoner; Harvey
N. Garland, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Sergeant; Isaac
Gray, transferred to Fifty-seventh Regiment; Henry C. Hutch-
ens, mustered out Juno 10, 1805; Thomas Hodge, mustered out
June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Daniel B. Harshman, record in-
definite; Gai'nor Harshman, record indefinite; Alexander Hutch-
ens, transferred V. R. C. July 9, 1804; Michael Ingle, record
indefinite; John M. Jones, record indefinite; Benjamin Jones,
mustered out May 19, 1805; Henry Kizer, transferred to Fifty-
seventh Regiment; John Louk, mustered out June 14, 1805;
Abraham Lady, died June 0, 1808; Allen Lovall. record indefi-
nite; Elisha D. Lollar, discharged February 21, 1805; John T.
Miller, died January 5, 1804; William McColliun, transferred to
V. R. C, mustered out June 28, 18(55; Geoige Manes, died at
Catlettsbujg, Ky., November 28, 1802; William L. Mock, dis-
charged February, 8, 1805; Edwai'd E. Malott, killed at Kene-
saw June 28, 1804; William Murray, died January 25, 1804;
Jacob Murray, discharged June 5, 180:^; Edward Murray, mus-
tered out June 14, 1805; Archibald Marsh, transferred to Engi-
neer Corps August 10, 1804; Clemard Mabony; transfeiTed to
V. R. C. March 29, 1805; Levi Mock, discharged April 8, 1803;
Joseph B. McCartney, discharged October 3, 1803; Eli E. Mock,
record indefinite; Henry Mock, mustered out June 14, 1805; John
Mock, record indefinite ; James B. Slock, transferred to V. R C. July
26, 1804; Uriah Mock, mustered out June 27, 1805; James MoGili,
killed at Chickamauga September 19, 1808; Andrew McCartney,
discharged Febniary 27,1 803 ; Mark T. Post, m iistored out June 14,
1805; David Pogue, transferredtoV.lt. C.July 20, 18(54; George
W. Poorraan, mustered out June 14, 18(55; William W. llitenour,
mustered out June 27, 1805, as Sergeant; George Rinehart,
discharged May 7, 1803; George Swank, discharged May 19,
18(55; William Shanefelt, record indefinite; Josiah Shanefelt,
die<l July 5, 1804, of wounds; Henry Stick, 'mustered out June
14, 1805; Joseph ShuU, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corpo-
ral; Isaac Shull, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1863;
Mitchell Sanders, transferred to V. R. C. November 22, 1S63;
Calvin Street, record indefinite; Clinton M. Small, discharged
February 18, 1805; Hamson Snow, record indefinite; Charles
N. Taylor, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Moses
Wall, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; John Wall,
mustered out June 14. 18(55; Reuben Whipple, mustered out
Jimo 14, 1805, as Corporal; Lewis Whipple, mustered out June
14, 1805; John B. Warner, discharged; James Wickersham,
mustered out June 14, 1805. Recruits— George M. Bangh, re-
cord indefinite; Daniel M. Evans, mustered out Juno 14, 1805.
Company F — Elam Rich, mustered out June 10, 1805.

Company H — Captain, George XJ. Carter, promoted Major,
Lieutenant Colonel, mustered out with regiment as Major; First
Lieutenant, Andrew J. Ncff, promoted Major, Lieutenant
Colonel. Colonel, mustered out with regiment as Lieutenant
Colonel; Second Lientenant, W'iliiiim H. Focht, promoted First
Lieutenant, promoted Captain, mustered out with regiment;
First Sergeant, Massona Engle, promoted First Lieutenant,
mustered out with regiment; Sergeants, Clayborn West, died
April 10, 1863; Isaiah W. Kemp, promoted First J>ieutenant,
mustered out June 14, 1805, as First Sergeant; Ezra Bond, dis-
charged May 5, 1803; Luther G. Puckett, mustered out June
14, 1805; Corporals, George Woodbmy, died at Franklin, Tenn.,
April 19, 1808; Calvin B, Edwards, mustered out Jime 14, 1805,
as Sergeant; Heni-y T. Way, died April 2(5, 1808, Sergeant;

Noah W. Lucas, discharged December 20, 1802; Thomas J.
Gerrard, mustered out June 14, 1805; William B. Pierce, dis-
charged Novemlwr 2, 1802; William Smith, discharged May 0,
1863; William F. Hiatt, mustered out June 14, 1865, as Ser-
geant. Musician, Squire Welkor, transferred to V. R. C. , mus-
tered out June 80, 18(55. Wagoner, Sampson Summers, mustered
out June 14, 18(55. Privates — Isaac N. Ambom, discharged Jan-
uary 14, 1868; James Abernathy, died at Nashville July 12,
18(53: James H. Biitterworth, mustered oiit June 14, 18(55, as
Corporal; Manuel Baker, mustered out June 14, 1865; John M.
Benson, record indefinite; Zebedee Buckels, record indefinite;
John J. Brown, transfen-ed to V. R. C, mustered out June 30,
1805; Daniel J. Beck, transferred to V. R. C. mustered out
June 28, 1805; Edwin Biu-nsley, died at Nashville December 20,
1803; Nelson Bumsley, discharged November 17, 1863; Marcus
T. Brown, mustered June 14, 1865; Charlton S. Brown, mus-
tered June 14, 18(55; Dempsey Coats, ti-ansferred to V. R. C,
September 20, 18(53; Henry Carver, transferred to Fifty-seventh
Regiment; John A. Clevenger, mustered June 14, 1865; Patter-
son P. Dodd, died at Nashville January 1, 1864; James W. Dud-
ley, discharged March 4, 1803; Ira Davis, mustered out June
14, 1805; Frederick A. Engle, discharged June 1, 18(54; AVill-
iam Emerson, discharged Januai'y 14, 1863, by civil authorities;
Nathan Ellis, discharged November 13, 1803; Henderson Ed-
wards, discharged May 18, 1808; Charles Emerson, mustered
out June 14, 1865, as Corporal; William F. Fitzpatrick, mustered
out June 14, 1805; Samuel Fraze, mustered out June 14, 1805,
cis Corporal; Alfred J. Gaines, mustered out June 14, 1805, as
Corporal; Elias Gray, discharged August 17, 1803; Samuel
Ginger, discharged May 5, 1803; Henry Godlieb, discharged
Februai-y 17, 18(53; Benonia Hill, mustered out June 14, 18(55;
HaiTison M. Hickman, died March 17, 1805, Sergeant; Eli Ha-
worth, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal ; Peter Harshman,
died in Andersonville Prison September 12, 1864; Jonathan C.
Harris, mustered out June 29, 1805; Edmond M. Ives, promoted
Captain United States Colored troops; Gilford JaiTot, mustered
out June 14, 1805; Xerxes A. Jones, transferred to V. R. C.
March 17, 1804; Daniel Jacobs, mustered out Jime 14, 1865;
Samuel Kegerries, mustered out Juno 14, 1865, as Corporal;
Levi Kames, transferred to V. R. C. September 26, 1863; Fran-
cis W. Kolp, killed at Chickamauga September 20, 1808; Isaac
Little, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Sergeant; Thomas Little,
discharged April 22, 1808; John M. Lowder, mustered out June
14, 18(35; Francis M. Loyd, mustered out June 14, 1865, as
prisoner of war; James Mace, mustered out June 14, 1805; John
S Morrison, died at Catlettsburg, Ky., December 7, 1802; Fran-
cis Metz, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; James S.
Mullen, transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade March 30, 1 8(53 :
John McMillen, transferred to V. R. C. September 20, 1808;
Henry C. Morgan, discharged July 27, 1863; William Milsteud,
transferred to Engineer Corps July 29, 1864; David McConochy,
mustered out June 14, 1805, as Corporal; Joseph Nonamaker,
discharged May 28, 1803; William H. Pierce, mustered out
June 14, 1805;' Elias Raines, mustered out June 14, 1805; John
Q. Reece, discharged February 18, 1863; William L. Steele,
promoted Second Lieutenant, died May 10, 1803, at Franklin,
Tenn.; William E. Starbuck, transferred to V. R. C, mustered
out June 30, 1865; George W. Smithson, discharged June 14,
1865; Willis Smith, record indefinite; George Spera. mustered
out Jane 14, 1805; Daniel Stickley, mustered out June 14,
18(55: Herman Stolle. discharged May 15,1803; John M. Tur-
ner, discharged July 0, 1808; Isaac T. Thornburg, discharged
June 20, 18(33; Jona Tutwiler. mustered out June 14, 18(55;
Matthew A. Waters, transferred to V. R. C. March 17, 1804;
William R. Way, mustered out June 14, 18(35; George W.
Whitesell, record indefinite; Nathan Woodbury, discharged Aug-
ust 22, 1805; Jonathan Wheeler, mustered out June 14, 1805;
Isaiah P. Watts, mustered out June 14, 1805; Henry Yost, trans-
ferred to Fifty-seventh Regiment.

Company I — Henry Brown, killed at Nashville December 12,
1804; Peter J. Poiner, died at Catlettsburg, Ky., November 24,
1863.

Company K- -George W. Evans, Corporal, died October 25,

2Q(\

IILSTORY OF llANDOLT'ir COUNTY

1803; Cliarles B. CIovo, killou at ChickiiraauKa Se]>temb«' 20,
ISOS; Jacob Creek, mustered out June 14. ISCtf); Henvy C. Du-
visson, promoted Assistant Surgeon Fifty- fourth Kejfiment. re-
signed M.irch 23, 1803; Absalom W. Hunt, record indefinite;
Thomas B. Jenkins, mustered out Juno 14, ISOo, as Corporal;
Benjamin Kitsmiller, died December 11, 18(j4; James AV. Lan-
don, died August 18, 18()3; Lewis C. Landon, record indefinite;
John McMnllen, mustered out June 14, 181)5; Daniel Philla-
baum, died May '_', ]S(i3: William H. Phillabaum, mustered out
June 14, 1805: John W. Tliornburg, mustered out June 14,
I8()5, as Sergeant; Jacob Van Gordon, died August 15, 181)4, of
wounds.

EIGHTY-NINTH INPIANA INTANTRV (tHREK YEARS).

Company K — Joseph Gray, killed at Yellow Bayou. La..
May IS, 1804.

Htatistics -Mustered in at ^Vabash August 28, 18r)2; Colonel,
C;harlesD. Murray; mustered out at Mobile, Ala., July I'J, ]8()5.

Officers, 45; men, i)4<,); recruits, 124; died, 244; deserted, 25;
unaccounted for, 8; total, 1,118.

Casualties— Killed, 31; wounded, Ku; missing in action,
4; it has marched on foot 2,3()3 miles; traveled by steamer 7.-
112 miles; by rail, 1,232 miles; making a total of 1(1.707 miles,
nearly half round the globe.

NINETIETH REGIMENT (fIITH CAVALRy), THREE YEARS.

Kegiment mustered in at Indianapolis September 1). 1802;
Colonel, Felix W. Graham. Kegiment mustered out at Pulaski,
Tenn,, June 10, 1805.

Officers, 51; men, 1,1'Jl; recruits, 522; died, 211; deserted,
125; unaccounted for, 'M; total, ].7()4. Battles, 22; marched
by land, 2,400 miles; pas-sed by water 1.000; captured prisoners,
040; killed, 35; died from wounds, 13; died in prisons, 115;
died in hospitals, 74; wounded in action, 72; captured of regi-
ment, 514; total casulties. 821).

The Ninetieth (Fifth Cavahy) llegimeut was made u]) at dif-
ferent times.

Four companies were mustered in August, live in September
and three in October, 18f)2.

The companies were sent to different ])laces, C imd F to Cai'-
rollton, Ky. . and I to Rising Sun, Ind. ; the others to the coun-
ties on the Ohio Itiver.

A and G were stationed at Newbui-g, B at Kockport, D and L
at Mauckport, E and H at Cannelton, K at Alount Vernon, and
M at Evansville.

The whole regiment was united at Glasgow, Ky., in March,
l!S03, and were ke])t scouting and skirmishing on the Cumber-
laud Eiver. The regiment spent mnch of their time in Middle
and Eastern Tennessee until Febniary, 1804, engaging in e.x
coediugly active, laborion? and dangerous service, tighting many
battles, some of them severe and fatal.

July 4, 1803, it started in pursuit of the rebel (ieii. Morgan,
then crossing the Cumberland.

^rhey marched to Louisville, and were sent uj) the Ohio on
sU'amers to Portsmouth.

July 19, 1803, the regiment headed Morgan's forces at Buf-
fington's Island, and fought them there, scattering the rebels in
every direction, lulling aud captm'ing many, and taking also five
pieces of artillery.

They retui-ned to Louisville, and August 1 5 st<u-ted fur East
Tennessee, crossing the Cumberland Mountains, and being the
first Federal regiment to enter Knoxville.

In May, 18()4, they crossed the mountains to Timuel Hill,
Ga., arriving May 12, 1804, imd ioining Gen. Stoneman. On
the "Stoneman Kaid," the Fifth Cavalry, after bravely holding
the enemy in check for the escajie of the main body, were sm'-
rendereil to the enemy against the vigorous protest of Col. But-
ler, their commander.

Those poor men were doomed to tlie. hon'ors of Andersonville
and other prisons only less abominable and deadly. The sad
tale of their sufferings may be guessed by the teri-ible fact that
115 of their number died in prison.

The part of the regiment not captured remained at Atlanta
after its surrender, performing guard duty until Se])teml)er 13,

18(;4, and they wore then transferred to Kentucky, being at the
time serving as infantry.

The regiment was at length mounted anew, and Januaiy 1 7,
J 805, was seut from Louisville to Pulaski, Tenn. Here they
scouted, caj)tnred bushwhackers and outlaws until June iO, 1805.
The muster out thou took place, and they were welcomed at In-
diana]>olis Juno 21. 1805, .at the Capital grovei

Companies G, L and M were transferred to the Sixth Cav-
airy, aud were mustered out at Murfroesboro. Tenn., September
15, 1805.

Men from Handol])!! County bc^longing to the Eighty fourth
Regiment— Assistant Surgeon, (ireorge H. llussell, mustered out .
January 27, 1805.

Company B— Ephraim B. Thompson, Sergeant, mastered out'
June 15, 1805: William A. Daly. Corporal, ]iromotoil Second
Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, miistered out June 3, 1805; i\»
First Sergeant.

Privates — Nelson Baraes, Matthew Comer, Josejjh C. Cra-
nor. John Femlimore. Jesse C. tiarris, John Kiatt, Levi S. Hunt,
Daniel Mvers, Charles G. Potter, Jonathan Quinn, Elwood P.
Scott. Thomas M. \V fight.

Recruits— .tohn M. Cranor, David M. Tholn, Robel-t W.
Thomson.

Thomas N. Barnes died in Anctersonville Prison August 1 5,
18(U; PhilunderBlackledge, mustered out May 13. 1805; Will-
iam Brown, died at Indiana]X)lis November 14, 1802; David
Fudge, transferred to V. R. C. August 17, 1803; Elwood Hall,
died at Indianapolis November 29, 1802; Jonathan H. Han-is,
died at Cam]) Nelson, Ky., Januaiy 21, 1803; Abram Hunt, died
at home February 20, 1.S('.4; William A. Maines, mustered out
May 27, 18()5.

Comjiany C — Company Quiu-termaster Sergeant, George H.
Russell, promoted Assistant Surgeon; Commissary Sergeant,
Adam B. Siimnons, promoted First Lieutenant; Captain, Benja-
min Farley, resigned May 3, 1803; Finley Pritchard, Corporal,
mustered out Junu 15, 1805, as private; Isaac T. Nash, Corpo-
ral, discharged April 14, 1803; Abram J. Foist, Bugler, trans.
feiTod to V. R. C. wounds, mu,stcred out June 29, 1805; John
W. Johudou, saddler, killed at Bloimtsville, Tenn., September
22, 1803; Martin V. Sipe, Wagoner, mustered out Jime 14, 1805.

Privates — Samuel F. Biteman. George Elwell, Noah Ingle,
Norman McFarland, James Manes, Charles Norman, John B.
Sipe, Isaac Sipe. Sergeant; Edward Simmons, Corporal; Daniel
Brittain, died at Nashville, Tenn., October 8, 1804; Samuel
Gosleu, died April S, 1805; John W.Huston, mustered out June
15, ].S()5; Smith Hutchinson, died at Knoxville, Tenp., January
1, 1804; Samuol E. Smith, died in Andersonville Prison Aug-
ust 11, 1804.

NINETY-SEVENTH REGIMENT.

Company K — Jlordecai Bayes, discharged January 15, 1803.

Statistics— Must^'red in at Terre Haute September 20, 1802;
Colonel. Robert F. Cattereon; mustered out at Washington City
June U, l,S(i5.

Officei-s, 41: men. 859; recniits, 20; died. 230; deserters,
33: unaccounted for. 2; total, 902; killed, 40; wounded, 140;
died of disease, 149; died of wounds, 35; thi'ee color-bearers
killed; marches, over 3,000 miles.

Operations — With Grant in Mississippi, fall of 1802; Vicks-
burg and Jackson campaign, summer of 18(53; marched from
Memphis to Chattanooga under Sherman October, 1803; Chatta-
nooga and Knoxville, November and December, 1803; Atlanta
campaign, summer of 1804; with Shennan to the sea, fall of
1N04; from Savannah to Washington City, spring of 1865; to
Indianapolis; oration in State House; addresses by Gov. Mor-
ton, Gen. Hovey; Juno 13, 1805, home.

NINETY-NINTH INPI

Regiment mustered in at South Bend October 21, 1802;
Colonel, Alexander Fowler; mustered out at Washington June
5, 1S05.

Officei-s, 41; men, 859; recruits, 84; died, 178; de.serted. 32;
unaccounted for. 2; men at close. 425; total, 984; marched 4,-
000 miles.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

267

The Ninety-ninth was recniited in the Ninth Congi-essional
District, inchWing, however, tliroe companias from the Sixth
Disti'ict that had been raised for the Ninety-sixth.

' In November, 1802, the regiment moved to Memphis, and
November 25, on the Tallahatchie campaign. Returning, they
were stationed on the railroad eaet of Memphis, at Lagrange.

May ('), liSOH, the regiment moved to Memphis, and thence
down the Mississippi to the siege of Vicksbiirg.

July 4, they stai-ted for Jackson. July 10, that town was
evacuated and Sherman's army took possession. After lying in
camjf at Big Black Kiver for several -weeks, the movement to
(Ihattanooga was begun. The Ninety-ninth formed a part of the
column that struck out from Memphis and marched across Mis-
siasippi and Alabama into Georgia, through Corinth, Florence
and Stevenson, to Chattanooga, iirriving November 24. The bat-
tle of Mission llidge was fought the next day, and the Ninety-
ninth was engaged therein.

Chasing Bragg to Gruysvillo, they turned eastward, and sot
out forthwith for Knoxvillo, to drive ofif Longstreet and relieve
Burnside. The column accomplished their difficult march, nearly
without blankets, and greatly lacking for clothing and shoos,
without regular rations and cut off from sujiplies, many of the
men barefooted, but cheerful in their destitute con<lition, they
pressed resolutely onward to find Longstreet' s legions fleeing
from their approach, and bringing abundant rejoicing to the
hearts of the troops shut up in the beleaguered town of Knoxville.
The regiment returned, reaching Scottsboro, Abu, December 20,
having made a desperate march of more than four hundred miles
since driving the hosts of the boastful Bragg from the investment
of Chattanooga.

They encamped at Scottsboro until February 14; marched
into ^isst Tennessee and back to Scottsboro, and on the 1 st of
May, 1S04, set out as a part of Shoi-man's gi-and anuy on the
movement to Atlanta and the sea.

The regiment was in nearly every battle through the entire
campaign.

After the fall of Atlanta, Hood's army was pursued, and the
Ninety-ninth had a march out and back of 200 niilog. With the
Ninety-ninth in Howard's Cordis on the left, Shennan's victorious
force swung loose from its moorings and moved boldly forwfvrd
through the heart of Georgia, finding supplies as they marched.
On a track sixty miles wide that conquering ai-my moved, nor
stopped nor stayed until in twenty-four days they had swept over
300 miles of travel and taken Fort McAllister, entered Savannah
in triumph and opened communication with the shipping on the

December 15, Savannah was occupied. Shortly the legions
took up again their line of march, tiu-ning the head of their ad-
vancing column northward to capture Eichmond and Gen. Lee,
and end the war. Columbia was reached February 17, 1805.
The Twentieth Corps gladly received the aid of the Ninety-ninth
in the battle of Bentonville. Thence the road was taken to
Goldsboro, Raleigh, Petersbiirg and Richmond. The brave sol-
diers who had made their march hundreds of miles U) help take
Richmond were balked of their purpose; for Richmond had
been already taken, and Sherman's legions could only enter the
rebel stronghold as a conquered city. Onward to the capital they
pursued their unobstructed way, took part proudly in the grand
review in the streets of Washington and were mustered out June
5, 1865, and going by rail to their own State and capitid, they
were joyfully received and cordially welcomed "home again."
The Ninety-ninth had 900 officers and men, and 425 at muster-
ing out. Though they performed much had service, including
thousands of miles of weary tramp, tramp, tramping over South-
ern jilains and valleys, yet health and strength, and, we may
add. good hope and cheer, were preserved in a remarkable degree.

Compafty H— Elliot Budd, discharged February 1, 1803;
John W. Baker, mustered out June 5, 1805; Joseph Clark, dis-
charged January 1, 1803; James D. Dooley, mustered out June
5, 1805; John C. Denny, mustered out June 5, 1805; Adoniram
Doughty, mustered out June 5, 1805; Biu-dine Dodd, mustered
out June 5, ,1805; John P. J)odd. mustered out June 5, 1805;
Franklin B. Johnsou, mustered out June 5, 1805; Henry T.

Lamb, discharged May 5, 1803; Andoi-son Lamb, died at Mem-
phis December 7, 1802; Lewis McDaniel, discharged March 13,
1805; William F. Pm-sons, discharged November 12. 1802;
George L. Pai'sons, discharged February 2(1, 1803; Green M.
Parsons, mustered -out June 5, 1805; David Pennington, mus-
tered out Juno 5, 1805; John B. Rolston, died at Memphis No-
vember 20, 18()2; John Robins, transferred to Marine Brigade,
April 13, 1803; Isah M. Shepherd, died at East Point, Ga., Sep-
tember 0, 1804. of wounds; William Wallton, died March 0,
1803; Jesse W. Wynn, mustered out June 5, 1805.

ONE HUNDHED AND FIFTH BEQIMENT— MINUTEMEN MOIiOAN's RAID.

Late on the evening of July 8, 1803. word came to Indiana-
iwlis that (len. John H Morgan had crossed the Obioneai- Cory-
don, Ind. Gov. Morton issued his call forthwith, and in forty-
((ight hours 05,000 men had answered the call. Thirteen regi-
m(>nt8 were organized, numbered from One Hundred and Sei'ond
to One Hundred and Fourteenth inclusive.

The One Hundred and Fifth Regiment contained two com-
l)anies from Henry and two from Randolph; Union, Putnam,
Hancock, Clinton, Madison and Wayne Counties, each one com-
pany. Seven of the companies were of the Legion.

The regiment was organized July 12, 1803, Kline G. Shry-
ock, Colonel, containing 713 men. They left instanter for Law-
rencebiu-g. After marching around for several days in pursuit
of Morgan, and finding that he had gone eastward through Ohio
and beyond their reach, they returned to Indianapolis in just six
days after they had <piitted it, and were mustered out July 18,
1805. Men from Randolph County in One Hundred and Fifth
Regiment:

Company D — Captain, Jacob A. Jackson, mustered out July
IS, 1803; First Lieutenant, Alvin M. Owens, mustered out July
18, 1803; Second Lieutenant, Joel A. Newman, mustered out
July 18, 1803. Sergeants— James N. Wright. Levi Thornburg,
W. H. Thornburg, Isaac A. Mills, John Gordon. Corporals-
Jesse W. Bales, Jacob Bales, Joseph Ttornjstirg, John Hogland.
Privates — Joseph Anderson, William AndSrsou, John Bakehorn,
Joseph T. Ball, Jonathan M. Bales, Jacob Coy, AVilliam H. Cal-
vin, Stephen Cooper, Samuel Clements, Joshua H. Ohamness,
Charles Crammer, Edom W. Davis, Samuel M. Doherty, Jona-
than Edwards, Calvin E. Engle, Hamilton Edwards, George W.
Edwards, Elias Engle, Isaac A. Fisher, Bartley Franklin, Evan
Garrett, Franklin G. Gordon, Henry Garrett, William Gordon.
William E. Glover, James Gordon, Joshua Hodson, Micajah C.
Hodson, Nathan Hockott, John Holton, Samuel A. Harris, Jon-
athan Hockett, Levi Johnson, Jesse Kennedy, James N. Karnes,
Matthew Karnes, Alvah C. Kepler, John B. Longenecker, Jacob
Lasley, Solon Lawrence, Henry C. Lamb, James Mound, Ste-
phen Martin, Solomon B. Mills, James Nichols, Levi Oren, Ad-
dison M. Pugh. Jesse Pegg, Dow Patterson, Mahlon G. Rainier,
William A. Rainier, John L. Stakebake, John H. Smith, Francis
B. Smith, Benjamin Stine, Oliver B. Stetson, Robert H. Seai-s,
Milton C. Stakebake, David H. Semans, Isaac Simcoke, William
Stine, Robert W. Thomson, Samuel M. Thornburg, John ^V.
Vandegriff, William H. Willis.

Company I — Captain, John A. Hunt, mustered out July 18,
1803; First Lieutenant, Benjamin Peacock, mustered out July
18, 1803; Second Lieutenant, John D. Jones, mustered out July
18, 1803. Sergeants— William M. Botkin, J. C. Bates, Henry
H Brooks, Samuel F. Botkins, William Ffiultner. Corporals —
Allen C. Diggs. Milton Cox. Robert C. Miller, M. E. Linzy.
M-isicians — Leander Priest, E. A, Cropper, Sylvanus Davisson.
Privates — William Atkins, John Adamaon, Noah Abemathy.
Samuel L. Abemathy, John Abernathy, Amos Baldwin, Samuel
Conyers, G. W. Crouch, Alpheus W, Conyers, Daniel Dearliin,
Elias Davisson, John Faultner, Lavoisy Fry, Alexander Feagans,
A. C. Gaddis, Joseph Gilmore, I. M. Glynes, Benjamin R.
Glynes, Benjamin H. Grubbs. Robert H. Grooms, I. J. Hunt,
Fairfax Hunt, N. J; Hunt, Milton Hunt, L H. Hunt, Lemuel C.
Hunt, Miles H. Hunt, Martin Hoover, Daniel Heaston, Ira Hintt,
Williiun H. Justus, Joshua M. Johnson, Elihu Knight, J. C. Kep-
ler, William R. Lee, Walter Murray, William Mosier, Henry H.
Moore. Matthias Oxley, Enos Pickering, 'I'homas Peacock, James

2G8

HISTORY dF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Quackeubrish, T. F. Boss, E. P. Boss, Jaraos Shearer, E. M.
Slioarer, Eliha Staibnck, William Stevenson, Thomas Smitbson,
Nalhaniol Spray, George W. Smith, L. D. Vi-al, A. B. Vander-
biirg, Jeremiah \Villis.

This regiment was organized July 11, 1S63, under Col. Isaac
I', (rray. Tliore wore five companies from Wayne, two from
Jiandolph, and one each from Hancock, Howard and Marion.
The number of inembers was 702. They left Indianapolis for
HamiltKjn, Ohio, July 13; went to Cincinnati, and returned to
Tndianajjolis, being discharged July 18, 18H5.

Colonel, Isaac P. Gray, mustered out July 18, 1803; Major,
Thomas M. Browne, mustered out July 18, 1803.

Company A — Captain, Jonathan Cranor, mustered out July
18, 1803; First Lieutenant, B. F. Farley, mustered out July 18,
1803; Second Lieutenant, George W. Brankam, mustered out July
L8, 1803. Sergeants — George W. Branham, promoted Second
Lieutenant: B. C. Hoyt, D. H. Render, S. Lewis, Benton Polly.
Corporals— H. Puxson, J. Kesler, William Archard, S. Carter.
Privates — John Arnold, Joseph Alexander, Elihu Addington, G.
Addington, A. Alhouse, S. Bohlinger, William Bailess, J. V^'.
Brice, Joseph Bowers, R. H. Bailey, J. S. Bright, E. Bunch,
George Bright, Thomas Bragg, Nathaniel Barnum, J. W. Bums,
Rolla Bowden, Joel Bradford, Charles Branham. G. W. Cow-
gill, Anthony Cost, Joseph C-oats,- Silas Coats, Lewis (joats',1)..
Coats, S. Chamberlain, J. D; Clear, J.' S. Clear, John ''Cole, An-
drew Cole, AV. Collins, P. Cook, D. Ciu'tis.'W. Davis, E. Engel,
N. Engel, Joseph Espy, Gabriel Fowler, J. .S. I'liun, Joab Fri-
ber, Frank (Jrahs; Thomas Gairett, J. W. Gray, J. Gray, Ed-
ward Gray, Spencer Hill, James H. Hiatt, E. Hiatt, P. Hiatt, E.
Huffhine, S. Hoak, D. Harris, Stephen Hawkins, Charles Hanna,
Frank Johnson, Smith Keunon, O. F. Lewailen, H. Lathington,
H. Little, AV. Lamm, J. Lewis, E. McNees, D. McNees, M. Mc-
Nees, E. H. Mouse, John Manuel, J. Murphv, R. B. McKee,
John Manzy, John Mott, P. T. Paris, A. AV. Peacock, H. Pea-
cook, George Perkins, 0. Peterson, C. Peterson, L. M. Reeves,
!•]. Shaw, B. F. AV. Stewart, G. Scott, J. Somervilie, AV. Somer-
ville. A\'. K. Smith, J. Saucer, J. AV. Thompson, Miles Tucker,
John Vail. Thomas Welch, B. T. Wilkerson, S. D. AA'harton,
R.iiford AViggs, Levi Wolf, M. AVest, Levi Wright. AVilliam
Walls, William AVorthiugton.

Company B — Captain, George AV. H. Riloy, mustered out
July 15, 1803; First Lieutenant, John K. Martin, mustered out
July 1"', 1^03; Second Lieutenant, Michael P. Voris, mustered
out'jaly 15. 1803. Sergeants— Asa Teal, Harris H. Abbott,
Tliomas L. Scott, Thomas L. Addington. Edmimd Engle. Cor-
porals—Thomas AV. Kizer, E, B. AVest, D. S. Ketselman, Nathan
Fidler. Privates —Joel Arny, Martin C. Alexander, John Barn-
hart, John M. Ba.scomb, Richard Beatty, Joseph Blackburn,
Albert Bowen, S. B. Bradbury, AVilliam A. Brice, James N.
Bright, W. J. Brewington. F. B. Carter, E. D. Carter, AVilliam
Chapman, Gilbert Coats, Jame^s Coats, Nathan Cook, John Con-
nor, Patrick Doyle, AV. J. Doxtater, Johu L. Ennis, William H,
Ennis, James Focht, John Fudge, Robert S. Fishor, James H.
Fitzpatrick, D. Gan-ett. A. H. Harris, A. R. Hiatt, John H. Hen-
derson, John Harris, Stephen Harris, Abram Heastou, W. C.
Haworth, Heurv Hiatt, Alfred Hall, John C. Hinshaw, John C.
Hallowoll, Charles J. Hntfh.-ns. Patvir^k Hutchens, Q. E. Hoff-
man, Joiin H. Inland, lolm .lMl,i,r„,ii. .lohn E. Keys. K. Krantz-
nr, AV. O. Kin^,'. X.-illiaui.^l Ko,,,,,. W illi.im Lukcnsdoffer, .imos
Lucas. L. L. Mun-uN, \.>-miu-\ MrtihT. Alfred H. Moon, Oliver
Mnrtin, L. .1, ,M..nlis Huniel l.looi,.. L. Murray, L N.Murray,
\\:iU>'r S. M,,i,l.;-. K. T, Monks, David Miller, Henry O. Nell,
•huncs 1. \,.|1', I);.vi,l Srfi: Jacob C. Plannott. John M. Puckett,
Th()ma^, N\". Pi,.,-.-,.. Samncl H. Pierce, John Q. A. Roberts, La-
fayette Shaw, O. W. Scott, Jililes Scott, John Stanley, John W.
Sowers, E. AV. Thornburg, AV. AV. Thornburg, AVashington AV.
White, Benniah C. White, Andrew AVhite, Andi-ew J. Winter,
Hemy Yonker.

The regiment was orgnnized July 10, 1803; John R. Mahai

Colonel!; 709 men; La Porte, two companies; Hamilton County,
two; Miami, iWo( Coles Couhty, twd; Henry and Randolph
Counties, one each. Ihe regiment went by rail to Hamilton and
Cincintlati, returned to Indianapolis, and were mustered out July
17, 1805.

Company K — Captain, John S. Way. mustered out July 17,
1803; First Lieutenant. John Locke, mustered out July 17, 1803;
Sec(jnd Lieutenant, William Locke, mustered out July 17, 1803.
Sergeants —Samuel Ginger, AVilliam M. Fisher, Chai-les F.
Locke, Isaac Rathbun, Jesse May. Corporals — Joel AYard,
George Shepherd, Caleb Sanders, Joseph L. Beece. Privates —
Abram Andrews, James D. Brown, AVilliam Bales, William Bk-
den, Lewis Bockoven, Simeon Bell, Isaac Clevinger, James A.
Collett, AVilliam Carpenter, AVilliam Cowgill,_ AVilliam Emer-
son, Edward Flood, E. Frazier, Thomas Faustnaugh, J. N. Gun-
kel, Casey Guukel, Aaron Gunkel, William Hudson, John E.
Henry, Frederick Lock, Joel Lock, George P. Lair, Levi Mcsky-
hawk, Elins G. Moore, Alfred Rathbun, George D. Reece, Sher-
rood Reece, Daniel Rathbun, Joseph F. Robinson, William
Skinner, James Sample, James Towers, Henry Treheame, Will-
iam Trusley, Jeremiah Vance, Samuel AVarner, Elisha T. Wood,
Elisha B. Wood, Samuel AVilliams, Cornelius Whiteneck, Henry
Wargen, Jacob AVyrick, Alexander AA'ood.

ONE HUNDRED ^IfD SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT, SIX MONTHS.

Mustered in at Indianapolis Septembe» 17, 1863; Colonel,
Thomas J. Brady. ' ' ,' .

:,, Mustered out and discharged February — -,'1863.

Officers, 39; men, 958; died, 95; recruits, 15;' deserted, 13;
unaccounted for, 32; total, 1,012.

Positions of the regiment — Nicbolasville, September 24,
18(53: Cumberland Gap, October 3, 1803; Clinch Mountain Gap,
November 24, 1803; Knosville, December, 1803; Strawberry
Plains, December, 1863; Cumberland Gap, January, 1804; In-
dianapolis, February 0. 1804.

The winter campaign in East Tennessee was very severe,
marching over mountains, crossing streams without shoes, and
sometimes on quarter rations.

Members from Randolph:

Quartermaster, John A. Moorman, mustered out, term expired.

SEVENTH INI)IAN.\ CAVALRY, ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH BEQIMENT.

(Note. — Much of the annexed statement is composed from
material talcen from a history of the Seventh Cavalry published
some years ago, partly under the eye of Gen. Thomas M.
Browne. )

This regiment was recruited by order of the Adjutant (ioner-
al of Indiana, dated June 24, 1S03, one company being accorded
to each Congressional Disti-ict, and thirty days granted for the
completion of the work.

Col. J. P. C. Shanks was appointed commander of the camp
of rendezvous, called Camp Shanks. One hundred dollars were
to be paid to each man— §25 in advance.

The regimental officers were: Colonel, J. P. C. Shanks, of
Portland, Jay County; Lieutenant Colonel, Thomas M. Browne,
Winchester, Randolph County; Majors, Christian Beck, Samuel
E. W. Simmons, John C. Febles; Adjutant, James A. Pice; Chap-
lain. James Marquis; Surgeon, William Freeman.

Companies were recruited as follows :

Company A, from La Porte County, Capt. John C. Febles,

Company B, Randolph Coimty; Capt. Thomas M. Browne.

Company C, Dearborn, Grant, Marion and Ripley Counties,
Capt. John AV. Senior.

Company D, Capt. Henry F. Wright.

Company E, Jay County, Capt. David T. Skimier.

Company F, La Porte County, Capt. John W. Shoemaker.

Company G, Vigo, Delaware, Franklin, Marion, Lake and
Grant Counties, Capt, Walter K. Scott.

Company H, Marion, Grant and Tippecanoe Counties, Cjapt.
John M. Moore.

Company I. Kosciusko and Marion Counties, Capt. James H.
Carjienter.

Comjjany K, Marion County, Capt. William S. 'Hubbard.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Company L, Wabash County, Capt. Benjamin F. Daily.

Company M, Madison County, Capt. Joel BL Elliot.

The regiment was mustered in at Indianapolis October 1,
1863, and mustered out at Austin, Texas, February 18, 1800.

Officers, 51; men, 1,151; recruits, 127; died, 243; deserted,
109; unaccoimted for, 29; total, 1,239.

The regiment entered Camp Shanks, at Indianapolis, and re-
mained under drill until December (>, 1803. At tii'st, they were
entirely untrained, and their experience presents some ludicrous
adventures.

At their first parade, for instance, when the order was given
to " draw sabers," the rattling caused by the movement frightened
tlie horses out of all control, and they scattered and fled in every
direction. But pcrse.verantia vincit omnia (perseverance con-
quers all things), and before thoy left Indianapolis, their mounted
parade was a scene that would be, even for a veteran cavalier, a
sight to behold.

December C, 1803, the Seventh Cavalry left Indianapolis for
Cairo, 111., moving thence to Cohunbus, Ky. Their fii-st camp
was near that town, and their first night in the field was spent
in a pouring rain, which flooded the country and their camping-
ground as well.

They marched to Union City, Tenn. ; an-ived December, 1803,
and were there assigned to the First Brigade, Sixth Division,
Sixteenth Ai-my Corps — Brigade Commander, Col. George E.
Waring, Jr., of the Fourth Missouri Cavalry.

The regiments in the brigade were the Foiurth Missouri, Col.
George E. Waring, Jr.; Second New Jersey, Col. Joseph Karge;
Seventh Indiana, Col. John P. C. Shanlcs; Sixth Tonnessoe, Col.
Hurst; Nineteenth Pennsylvania, Col. Hess; Second Iowa, four
companies, Maj. Frank Moore; battery, Capt. Copperfair.

The regiments marched in detachments to dispei-se a body
of rebel* at Dresden.

n*eeml)or 23, 1803, Gen. A. J. Smith set out with his entire
force for Jackson, Tenn., sixty miles from Union City, to drive
away Gen. Forrest, remaining till January 1, 1804, that "torriblo
New Year's," when the thermometer changed, in Central Indiana,
between 9 P. M. and 4 A. M., from forty -five above to twenty-six
below zero, a change of seventy-one degi-oos in nine hours, or a
fraction' less than eight degrees each hour.

The regiment was on ite return to Union City. The weather
grow intensely cold, and the rain changed to a fierce and fearful
sleet. Many were badly frozen, and some died from the expos-
ure— among others, Alvah Tucker, of Company B, dying at St.
Louis some time afterward. Even horses perished by the cold
and fell dead in the road.

A detachment of the Seventh Cavalry had been left at Hick-
man, Ky., and Lieut. Col. Browne was sent there to take corn-
January 7, 18(U, the body of the cavalry, under Gen. Grier-
son, set out for Colliersvllle, in Southwest Tonnessoe, to Join an
expedition into Mississippi in aid of Gen. Sherman

Gen. Grant writes to Gen. McPhorson, December 11, 1863:

" I will start a cavalry force through Mississippi in about two
weeks, to clean out the State entirely of all rebels."

He writes to Gen. Halleck, December 23, 1803:

" I am engaged in collecting a largo cavalry force at Savan-
nah, Tenn., to co-operate in ' cleaning out Forrest,' to push on
also into East Mississippi and destroy the Mobile Railroad."

Still again he writes to Gen. Halleck? January 15, 1804:

" Sherman is to move to Meridian from Vicksbm'g with 20,-
000 men and the co-operating cavalry force from Corinth. Banks
is to push westward from the river, and, by these combined move-
ments, it is expected to crush the reljel jx)wer in the South in the
region of the Mississippi Eiver."

Gen. Smith was ordered to start from Memphis by Februai-y
1, and to move straight for Meridian, Miss., having about seven
thousand cavalry.

Gen. Smith remained near Memphis till Febraary 9. March-
ing eastward, the army of seven thousand men concentrated near
and east of the Tallahatchie River on the 17th of Febmary. A
slight engagement was had at Okolona February 18, and the
Union forces were badly defeated February 20, retreating to Col-

liorsville, reaching that point February 25, and arriving at C;unp
Griei-son, near Memphis, February 27.

The whole movement was a sad, disgraceful failure.

On the day when Smith commenced his ill-starred retreat.
Gen. Winslow, with the Union forces, was at Louisville, Miss.,
only forty-flvo miles distant.

The history of these events charges that the Generals com-
manding in that and the succeeding expedition in which the
Seventh" took part were entirely incompetent and inefficient, es-
pecially Gen. Sturgis in the expedition that followed.

The whole number of the regiment who were engaged at Oko-
lona was 813, and the loss was one-tenth of that number—eleven
killed, thirty wounded, five wounded and prisoners, captured un-
woimded, thirty-six; total, eighty-two. Loss from Randolph
County, Lieut Francis M. Way, wounded.

The regiment afterward engaged as part of a force of 8,000
men tmder Gen. Stm-gis, who seems to have been unfit for his
station. At Brice's Cross Roads, Miss. (Guntown), a severe bat-
tle took place, resulting in the defeat of the Union forces, Juno
10, 1864, and Col. Browne was wounded in the ankle.

The troops seem to have been, in these expeditions, brave nud
heroic, but the failure would appear to bo charged upon the
commanding General.

The Seventh Indiana, Lieut. Col. Browne commanding, was
especially commended for heroic conduct Gen. Grierson thus
recognizes their brave and soldier-like bearing:

"your General congratulates you uppn your noble conduct
diu-ing the late expedition, fighting against overwhelming num.
bers in adverse circumstances, your prompt obedience to orders
and ' unflinching courage commanding the admiration of all,
tmued oven defeat almost into victory. For hours, on foot, you
repulsed the chai-ges of the enemy's infantry; and again, in the
saddle, you tm-ned his assaults into confusion. Your heroic per-
severance saved hundreds of your fellow-soldiers from captiu-e.
Yon have been faithful to your honorable reputation, and have
fully justified the esteem of your conuB&nder."

Three hundred and fifty were engaged, with a loss of eight
killed, sixteen wounded and seventeen missing.

Dm-ing the month of July, 1804, the Seventh Cavalry was
sent CO vTcksburg, and thence to Port Gibson and Grand Gulf,
returning to Memphis and to White Station July 24, 1804.

Not long after, another expedition, toward Holly Springs and
Oxford, was undertaken. During the progress. Gen. Forrest
dashed into Memphis, remaining, however, but a few minutes.
Gen. Smith returned to Memphis with the army about August 29.

About September 22, Gen. Price, with 14,000 rebels, entered
Missom-i from Ai-kansas, and the Union cavalry, including 500
men of the Seventh Indiana, under Maj. Simonson, started after
him, marching over a large part of Missouri and into the Indian
Territory. tIus pursuit was successful in driving Price across
the Arkansas into Indian Territory; and the Seventh returned,
part to St Louis and pai-t to Louisville, while the part that re-
mained at Memphis did good service in that region, among other
things cajtturing Dick Davis, the noted guerrilla chief, and the
terror of the region.

December 23, 1804, Gen. Grierson started for Colliersville,
Tenn., on his famous "cavalry ride" through Mississippi, mov-
ing with freat rapidity and destroying vast stores collected for
the rebel army at various points, as also railroads, factories, etc.

The expedition retui-ned to Memphis about January 10, 1865.

A movement was made into Arkansas January 20, 1865, which
succeeded in destroying considerable rebel stores.

Another expedition was sent from Memphis into Arkansas and
into Louisiana, but what for no one but the projector knows, as
the country traversed was execrable and worthless, and had never
been and never could be occupied by a militniy force.

Upon the surrender of the rebel armies, the Seventh Cavalry
expected to be disbanded, but they were sent to Texas, being car-
ried by steamer down the Mississippi, and up Red River to Alex-
andria, La., reaching that point June 23, 1865.

Here a force was concentrating of 3,(XX) cavalry, to be sent to
Houston under command of Maj. Gen. Custer, who seems to have
been a pompous, vain and cruel officer. Only twenty-five years

270

HlSTOllY OF IIANDOIA'II COUNTY.

of age, he was a regular army officer, and Beemcd to rogarj [ivi-
vate soldiers as niachinos to bo used for his owu caprico.

Two men were court-martialed for de.sertion, and sontouced to
bo shot. One suffered the f oai-ful poualty. The other died from
flight, in a curious manner.

Gen. Custer had decided to save the life of one, ordering liiui,
instead, to Dry Tortngas for three years, telling the fact, how-
over, only to his Provost Marshal. This officer, at the moment
before the execution, stepped up to the commuted man to lead
him away. Cla]i])ing his hand roughly njion the pri.soner, the
poor man, thinking himself shot, fainted away, and died shortly
afterward from the effects of the fright.

Diu'ing the march to Texas, Gen. Custer court-martialed two
men for killing a runty calf, worth perhaps SI, and inflicted the
penalty of shaving their heads, giving them forty lashes and
marcliing them before the regiment on dress jiarado in this con-
dition.

August 8. ISO'i, the troops sot out for Texas, ami the march
was disagreeable to excess.

An account written by Col. Browne shows in a .'^ti'ikiug light
the hardships of this desert march. An extract or two may bo

"Monday, AugiLst 14 — Weather warm, roads dusty, no houses,
woods all pino, water very scarce and bad. Pitched my tent in
a 'yallorjacket's nest,' and swore blue blazes.

"Thursday, August 17 — Pines and deer, bugs, snakes and
gallinippers inhabit the whole face of the earth.

"Friday, August IS — Marched out of the woods into the
woods and tlirough the woods, and camped God only knows
where; nol)ody to inquii'o of; in the woods all day and in the
woods all night."

The command arrived at Hemp.stead, Texas, August 25, IHtu),
after a tedious, weary march of 301) miles.

OtiLis march, Col. Browne writes;

" During all this time, I did not average more than three
hoiu-s' sleep each night, altliough we made short marches each
day. To sleep in the day time was impossible. I was broken
out as thickly as ever one was with the measles, from the bot-
tom of my feet to the crown of my head; and, during the heat
of the day, I felt as though I were pricked by a million of pins,
and sprinkled with hot a.shes on the bare skin. The " iteh " is
not a circumstance to the "heat." In addition to this, lie do\vn
when you will in these pine woods, aud^j'ou are alive with all
manner of bugs and crcejiing things in a moment, and each one
of this army of vermin would scratch, bite, sting and gnaw you
all the time. Then, though there was abundance of pine forest,
there was no shade. The trees stood eighty feet high without a
limb, giving about as much shade as so many tall gate-posts."

At Hempstead, the rogiracml was consolidated. Gen. Shanks
was mustered out, and Col. Browne put in command of the re-or-
ganized regiment.

October :i(», 1805, they left Hempstead for Austin, the State
capital, arriving November 4, 18(55. Here they remained till the
muster-out, which took place February 18, 1800.

Proceeding to Galveston, the men crossed the gulf to New
Orleans, thence by steamer to Cau'o, and by rail to Indianapolis.
A public reception and dinner were liad, as being the last regi-
ment " come home from the wai's." Gov. Baker and Gen. Shanks
luado addi-essoB, and Col. Brovrae ros])onded; and the men were
paid, and joyfully sought their homos^ happy, indeed, that "the

Position and movements: Camp Shanks, Indiauai)olis, two
months; Union City, Teun., December 0-24, 18(i:i; n^connois-
sanco toward Paris, Teun., December 1 1, 180:i; return to Union
City; pursuit of Forrest, December 24, 180:!, and onward; bat-
tle and defeat of Okolona, Miss., February 22, 1S(i4; loss, eleven
killed, thirty-six wounded, thirty- seven missing; total, eighty-
four; tho regiment was bravo and heroic, but was overpowered
by numbers; second movement againsi. Forrest, June, 180t; bat-
tle of Guntown, Miss., Juno 10, 18(i4: tlio battle was losi, !)ut
the regiment was complimented by the General for its valor;
jiursuit of Price in Missouri. November and December, 1N04:
Grierson's expedition into Mississippi, Dcceinbor 21, January 5,

1804. 1805; camp at Vernon taken December 28, 1804; lai^'e
(piantity of rebel stores destroyed: sixteen railroad cars loaded
with pontons for Hood, and 4,(100 now carbines; Alexandria,
La.. June, 1S05; consolidated into six companies July 21, 1.Sri,"i;
Col. Shanks mu.s(<>red out for disability October 10, 18(55; Lieut.
Col. Bn)\vue promoted Colonel Octolxa- 10, 18(55; mustered out
at Austin, Te.xits, February 18. 180(5.

Members from Eandolph County in One Hundred and Nine-
teenth (Seventh Cavalry):

Lieutenant Colonel, Thomas M. lirowno, promoted Colonel,
brevetted Brigadier General March 18, 1805.

Kosiduar}' Battalion — Natlian Giirrett, First Lieutenant and
Commissary; James Mai'quis, Chaplain, resigned Februsu-y 22,

1805. disability.

Company B— Captain, Thomas M. Browne, promoted Lieu-
tenant Colonel, Colonel, brevetted Brigadier General; mustered
out February 18, 18(10; First Lieutenant, George W. Branham,
promoted Captain, discharged January 2, 1805; Second Lieu-
tenant, Sylvester Lewis, promoted First Lieutonant, Capt-iin,
mustered out as Supemumeraiy on consolidation; Charles A.
Dresser, Sergeant, promoted Quartermast<'r One Hundred and
Thirtieth Regiment, honorably discharged Augiist 25, 18(51;
David S. Moist, Sergeant, transfen-ed to Company — , Seventh
Cavah-y, re-organized; Cyi-iis B. Polly, Sergeant, promoted Sec-
ond Lieutonant, mustered out on consolidation; Jacob Hartraan,
Corfwral. mustered out September 0, 1805; Granberry B. Nickey,
Corporal, died at Indianapolis November IM, 180:i; Zachariah
Puckott, Corjioral, died at Memphis February 5, 1805; Josejili
W, Kuby, Corporal, mustered out Septeml)er lit, 1805; George
D. Huffman, blacksmith, ca]itmed at Okolona, Miss., Februarv
22, 18(>4; William C. (iriffis. Quartermaster Sorgeimt, trans.
ferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered
out Foln-uary IS, 1800; Elisha B. West", Sergeant, transfeiTod to
Company D, re-organized, mustered out Februaiy 18, 1800. as
Commissary Sergeant; ^N'illiam R. Schindel, Sergeant, trans-
ferred to Com])any D, Seventh Cavalry're-organizod, musteri'd
out February 18, 18(50; Edwin M. Tan.sey, 'Sergeant, mustered
out September 10, 1805, iis First Sergeant; Robert, G. Hunt,
Corporal, trausferrful to Comi)any D, Seventh Cavalry re organ-
ized, mustered out February 18, 18(56, lus Sergeant; John It.
Perkins, Coriioral, transfeiTed to Company D, Seventh Cavalry
re-organized, mustered out Februaiy 18, 18(50; Samuel Codding-
ton. Corporal, transferred to Com])any D, Seventh Cavalry re-
organized, mustered out February 18, 18(5(5; Joseph L. Coffin,
Corporal, died at Indianapolis November 12, 1808; John Leam-
ington, blacksmith, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry,
re-organized, mustered out February 18, 18(5(5; Jauies Bright,
Wagoner, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organ-
ized, mustered out February 18, 1800.

Privates — Jeremiah Armstrong, transferred to Company D,
Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18, ISOO,
as Corpor.'d; Edmund L. Anderson, discharged November, 1804;
Charles L. Branham, transfen-ed to Comjiany D, Seventh Cav-
ah-y re-organized, mustered out Febniary 18, 18(50; Justice Bun-
nell, discharged May 20, 1805: Orin Bai-ber, died at Meiniihis,
June 1, 1804; Antony S. Cost, transfeiTed to Company D, Sev-
enth Regiment re-(n-ganized, mustered out February 18, 1800;
James K. Clear, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-
organized, must(>red out February 18, 180(5; Alpheus Couyer,
transferred to Veteran Reserve Cor]5s, mustered out November
17, 18(55: Edmund D. Cortes, transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps October, 1804; Sanford Crist, discharged March :iO, 1801;
Daniel Coats, mustered out June 8, 18()5; Ni-lson H. Elliot,
transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized; EU
Frazier, mustered out May IS, 1805: Isaac M. Gray, transferred
to Company D, Seventh Cavalry reorganized, mustered out !'\'l)-
ruary IS, 1,S(5(5; George AV. Gray, mustered out October 11, 1M)5:
Edward E. Gray, captured at Guntown, Miss., Juno 10, 18(1 1;
Xath.-m Garrett, promoted First Lieutenant, Regimental Coiu-
missarv, and C.Mnmi.ssary of Battalion; Hamilton C, Gullett,
mustered out May 17, 1805; Elias Helffinc, died at Memiihis
March 7, 1804; .Alfred Hall, died at Memphis March 7, 1S01;
Edward D. Hunt, transferred to Company D. Seventh Cavalry

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

271

re-organized, mustered out February 18, 18G(5; Andrew Huff-
man, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry ro-organized,
mustered out February 18, I86ft ; Vinson HUston, transferred to
Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out Feb-
ruary 18, 186(); Elijah Hazelton, transferred to Company D,
Seventh Cavalry re-yrgnnized, mustered out February 18, 1800;
John C. Henshaw, transferred to Companji D, Seventh Cavalry
re-organized, mustered out February 18, l80(i; Mordecai M.
Harris, mustered out September lU, 1803, as Sergeant; Francis
M. Jbhnson, died at White's Station, Tenn., August 3, 1804;
Stephen Kennedy, discharged August 10, 1805; John E. Keys,
discharged March 0, 1805; John E. Kelsy, mustered out Sep-
tember ID, 1805, as Corporal; Hiram Lamb, mustered out May
24, 1805; Erastus Ludy, mustered out May 31, 1805; Thomas
Little, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized,
mustered out February 18, 18(')0; Alexander Little, transferred
to Company D; Urias Lamb, transferred to Company D, Seventh
Cavalry re-organized, mu8tere<l out February 18, 1800; William
Milles, record indefinite; John Miu-phy, transferred to Company
D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18,
1800; James W. Mattox, died at Hickman, Ky., February 0,
1804; Patrick McGettigan, transferred to Company D, Seventh
Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18, 18(il); George
W. Monks, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organ-
ized, mustered out February 14, 180(i; James Moore, transferred
to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out Feb-
ruary 18, 1800; John R. Mauzy, transferred to Company D,
Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18, 180(5;
Harrison C. Nickey, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry
re-organized, mustered out Febniary 18, 1800; Henry S. Pea-
cock, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized;
Cass M. Peterson, mustered out May 24, 1805; Orvil B. Peter-
son, died at home July 30, 1804; Leander Pugli, transferred to
Veteran Reserve Corps, mustered out November 17, 1805; George
W. Shreeve, promoted Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant,
transferred to Comi>any D, Residuary Battalion, mustered out
February 18, 1803; David H. Seamans, transferred to Veteran
Reserve Corps October, 1804; Clement S. Strahan, transfen-ed to
Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out Febru-
ary 18, 1800; George W. Smith (No. 1), transferred to Company
D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, died at Austin, Texas, Febru-
ary 2, 1805; George W. Smith (No. 2), transfeired to Company
D, Seventh Cavalrv re-organized, mustered out February 18,
1800; William Stine, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cav-
alry re-organized, mustered out February 18, 1800; William
Skinner, discharged June 14, 1804; Benjamin Throp, died at
Memphis April 1, ]8(!4; Alvah Tucker, died at Jefferson Bar-
racks, Mo., May 3(), 1804. (Elsewhere he is said to have died on
the march on the cold New Year's — that statement is from a his-
tory of the One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment; this is fi-om
the Adjutant General's report; which is right we cannot tell.)
Luther C. Williamson, died at Memphis, April 18, 18()5; Elijah
T. Wood, died at home August 12, 1804; John T. Williamson,
transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mus-
tered out February 18, 1800; Christian H. Wright, transferred
to Veteran Reserve Corps October 20, 1804, as Sergeant; John
M. Woodbiiry, record indefinite; Francis M. Way, promoted
First Lieutenant, Captain, resigned February 1, 1805.

Recruits— John B. Hughes, mustered out June 15, 1805; D.
McMahan, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-organ-
ized, mustered out February 18, 1800; Lewis Reeves, mustered
out May 24, 1805; Joseph Shaffer, transferred to Company D,
Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18, 18(')0;
Elisha B. Wood, transferred to Company D, Seventh Cavalry re-
organized, mustered out February 18. 1800.

Company E — Harris J. Abbott, Commissary Sergeant, mus-
tered out as private July 10, 1805.

Company H — Edward Calkins, Second Lieutenant, promoted
Captain, resigned March 0, 1805, disability.

Company K — John B. Mellott, Corporal, discharged June,
1805; John H. Matohett, Corporal, transferred to Company E,
Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mustered out February 18, 1800;
John W. Baler, transfen-ed to Company E, Seventh Cavalry re-

organized, mustered out Febniary 18, 1800; Calvin P. Corbitt,
transferred to Company E, Seventh Cavalry re-organized, mus-
tered out Febniary 18, 180(i; Winfield (Junkel, transferred to
Company B, Seventh Cavalry ro-organized. mustered out Febru-
ary 18, 180(); Calvin Harlan, discharged .tauuary 1, 18('>4; Rich-
ard E. Matchott. mustered out September li), 18(55, as Corporal.
A considerable number of the members of the One Hundred
and Nineteenth were on board the ill-fated steamer Sultana,
which was destroyed, witt many hundreds of released prisoners
going North, who had been allowed, in violation of all dictates
of prudence, to crowd themselves upon that old hulk in their
eagemass to roach their Northern homes. (See Stiltana.) We
should 1)0 glad to give a list of these men, but no such list is
within our roach.

Organized March 1, 1804, at Indiana^Mlis; Colonel, George
W. Jackson.

Mustered out at Vicksburg August 28, 1805.

Officers, 48; men. 1,219; recruits, 07; died, 200; deserted,
120; unaccounted for, 20; total, 1,334.

The regiment left Indianapolis May 3, 1804, for Pulaski,
Tenn., and was on duty there till November 23, engaged in the
Forrest and^Wheeler campaigns of the tima At Sulphur Branch
Trestle, Ala., September 25, 18(54, a detachment of the regiment
lost, in an engagement with Forrest, 1 20 killed, wounded and
missing.

On Hood's approach, the regiment fell back to Nashville, and
the men were mounted and sent to the front. At Franklin, it
suffered a loss of twenty-six officers and men. After Hood's re-
treat, they took up winter (juarters at Gravelly Springs, Ala.,
from January (5 to February 0, 1805, and, at the latter date,
proceeded to Now Orleans. Turning over their horses, the Ninth
returned to Vicksburg March 25. Remaining on duty there to
May 5, they were remounted and employed in garrisoning posts
in the interior of Mississippi. May 22, 1 808, the regiment caino
again to Vicksburg, to be mustered out; but the act was not ac-
complished till August 2S, 1805.

They arrived at Indianapolis September 5, 1865. A public
reception was held for that and other retm-ued regiments Septem-
ber 6, 1800.

The number of men on the muster-out was 380. April 20,
1865, lifty-tive were lost by the explosion of the steamer Sultana
on her homeward passage up the Mississippi, they having been
paroled from rebel imprisonment. The survivors reached In-
dianapolis in May, and were mustered out as paroled prisoners
of war.

Officers and men from Randolph County in the One Hundred
and Twenty-lirst (Ninth Cavalry):

Wilson J. Baker, First Lieutenant and Commissary, mustered
out with regiment.

Company C — Solomon Bantz, discharged June 16, 1865; Jo-
seph A. Ellis, mustered out October 30, 1805; John M. Engle-
heart, died at Memphis May 9, 1865; Samuel A. Harris, mus-
tered out August 28, 1865; Jacob A. Jackson, promoted to Sec-
ond Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, mustered out with regiment;
James Jones, mustered out June 6, 1865; Lorenzo D. Patterson,
transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; Jonathan W. Stephens,
discharged June 13, 1865; Lorenzo D. Veal, died at Memphis,
Tenn., March 8, 1805; Lawrence G. Wiggins, mustered out Au-
gust 28, 1805; Sanford Wine, mustered out August 28, 1805;
John Wine, mustered out August 28, 1865; William G. Hill,
recruit, mustered out August 28, 1805; Thomas C. Reynard, re-
cruit, mustered out July I'J, 1805; Alexanders. Starbuck, recruit,
mustered out August 28, 1805.

Company L — George W. Addington, mustered out August
28, 1805, as Sergeant; William J. Collins, mustered out July
10, 1865, as Corporal.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-VOUBTH INDIANA, THBEE TEARS.

Officers, 41; men, 917; recruits, 79; died, 140; deserted, 37;
unaccounted for 0; total, 1,037; mustered out, 505.

272

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

Mustered in at Richmond March 10, \SM^ Col. Burgess.

Mustered out at Greensboro, N. C, August 81, 1805— thirty-
three officers, 532 men.

Louisville. March 19, 1804.

Nashvilhs March 24, 1804.

Athens, Tenn., May, 18()4.

Buzzai-d's lloost, May 8, 1804.

Atlanta campaign. May to September, 1804.

Nashville, November 9, 1804.

Franklin (battle), November, lvS04.

Nashville (battle), December 15, 1804.

Pursuit of Hood December and January, 1804 and 1805.

Newbem, N. C, February 28, 1865.

Goldsboro, N. C, March 21, 1805.

Greensboro (mustered out), August 31, 1805 — thirty-throe
officors, 532 men.

Eeceptiou at Indianapolis September 10, ]S()5.

The time of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth was "well
put in." Atlanta, Franklin, Nashville, Goldsboro, liichmond.

Officers and men of the One Hundi-ed and [Twenty-fourth
Regiment from Randolph County:

Major— Henry H. NeflF, promoted Lieutenant Colonel, re-
signed May 24, 1865.

Chaplain— Reuben H. Sparks, resigned May 2, 1805.

Assistant Surgeon— Stanley AV. Edwins, mustered out with
regiment August 31, 1865.

Com[)any A — First Lieutenant, John W. Hannah, promoted
Captain, mustered out with regiment August 31, 1805. Private,
Isaac Clements, mustered out August 31, 1805.

Company B — Second Lieutenant, Jesse May, promoted Ca])-
tain, mastered out with regiment August 31, 1805. Privates —
William Bailey, mustered out August 31, 18()5; Samuel Conner,
mustered out August 81, 1805; Isaiah Cowgill, mustered out
July 'A 1805; Joseph Carver, mustered out August 31, 1865;
William J. Clovenger, mustered out August 31, 1865; George
E. Clovenger, mustered out August 31, 1.S05; William L. Dud-
ley, died at Knoxville, Tenn., July 20, 1804; Silas W. Dudley,
musterotl out June 5, 1865; John Ensminger, died at Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., May 31, 1864; Thomas Fostnow, mustered out Au-
gust 31, 1805; Samuel Lewallen, mustered out August 31, 1805,
as Corporal; George Lykens, mustered out August 31, 1805;
Jonathan Mosier, discharged July 11, 1865; Samuel J. Pugh,
mustered out July 13, 1865; Felix Ryan, died at Knoxville Au-
gust 24, 1864; Sherrod W. Reece, promoted Second Lieuten-
ant; Second Lieutenant in Company G. One Hundred aud Forty-
seventh Regiment; First Lieutenant in Company B, One Hun-
dred and Twenty-fourth; mustered out as Second Lieutenant
August 31, 1805; William B. Thornburg, mustered out August
31, 1805, as Corporal; John Woolford, mustered out June 22.
1805.

Company F — Thomas Blakely, mustered out August 31, 1805;
William Bradshaw, died at Nashville April 28, 1804; Simon W.
Ross, died at Bridgeport, Ala., July 2, 1804.

Company G— Captain, Henry H. Neff, promoted Major, Lieu-
tenant Colonel, resigned May 24, 1805; Firat Lieutenant, Asa
Teal, promoted Captain, mustered out with regiment August 81,
1865; Second Lieutenant, Joseph A. Bunch, promoted First
Lieutenant, mustered out with regiment August 31, 1865. Ser-
geants— William M. Fisher, promoted Second Lieutenant, mus-
tered out August 81, 1865: James M. Hamilton, mustered out
August 31, 1865, as First Sergeant; Jajaes MeConnell, mus-
tered out May 24. 1865; James Mohan, inustered out July Id,
1805; Lewis Phillips, mustered out August 31, 1805. Corpor-
als— Anderson H. Mincer, discharged November 29, 1804, Ser-
geant; Abram Heaston, mustered out June •', 18()5, Sergeant; Ca-
leb Saunders, mustered put August 31,1805, as Sergeant; Jo.se])h
Mote, mustered out August 31, 1805, as Sergeant; George AV^
Grimes, mustered out August 31, 1805, Sergeant; Samuel Will-
iams, died at Newton, Ind., October 12, 1864; John P.Smith,
mustered out August 31, 1865; John R. Fisher, mustered out July
0, 1805. Musicians— David R. McNeos, mustered out August 8 1 ,
1865; Jesse Bobo, mustered out August 31, 1865. Privates -
Francis Abernathy, mustered out August 31, 1865; Edward Adams,

mustered out August 31, 1865; Theodore C. Burg, mustered out
June 17. 1865; John R. Bales, mustered out August 31. 1865;
Charles Barnes, mustered out August 31, 1805; George W. Boyer,
mustered out August 31, 1805; William Braden, mustered out
August 31, 1805; Lafayette Brobst, discharged January 20, 1805,
wounds; John D.Brodrick, mustered out August 31, 1805; Tru-
man A. Brown, mustered out July 11, 1865; Jonathan F. Bimdy,
mustered out August 31, 1805, as Corporal; John Burk, mustered
out August 31, 1805, as Corporal; William J. Brown, mustered
out August 31. 1805; Benjamin Coby, died at Union City, Ind.,
Februaiy 17, 1S04; John W. Cox, mustered out August 31, 1865;
Samuel D. Cole, mustered oiit August 81, 1865, as Corporal;
Samuel C. Grain, discharged May 8, 1865, wounds; Thomas H.
Clark, mustered out Atigust 31, 1865, as Corporal; John Conner,
died at Atlanta October 4, 1804; Alexander H. Davis, mustered
out August 31, 1805; George R. Driver, died at Nashville, Tenn.,
December 22, 1864; Thomas J. Edwards, tranf erred to Veteran
Reserve Corps, mustered out August 25, 1805; Benjamin W.
Evans, mustered out August 31, 1865, as Hosjiital Steward;
AViliiam Faris. mustered out August 31, 1805; Enos M. Ford,
mustered out July 6, 1865; Josiah Fi-izzell, mustered out June
6, 1805; George M. Goodman, mustered out August 31, 1805;
Thomas A. tjustin, died at home October 20, 1864; Samuel Gus-
tin, mustered out August 31. 1805; Albert J. Harris, mustered
out August 81, 1805, as Corporal; David R. Hickman, mustered
out Augusti 31, 1805; William Hiiffman, mustered out August
31, 1805; Milton Huffmati, mustered out August 31, 1805; Dan-
iel Houser, mustered out August 31, 1805; Martin Ingle, mus.
tered out August 31, 1805; David James, mustered out August
31, 1805; George Jones, mustered out August 31, 1805; Jacob
S. Jones, mustered out August 31, 1805; David Jan-ett, mus-
tered out August 31, 1805. as Corporal; AVilliam Jarrett, mus-
tered out June 14, 1805; John J. Kirfer, mustered out August
31, 1865; William Konnon, died at Union City February 1, 1864;
Samuel F. Locke, mustered out August 21, 1805; John Leahy,
not mustered out; AVilliam Liukerdorfet, mustered out August
31, 1805; James M. Moore, mustered out August 31, 1805; John
N. Murray, died at Chattanooga August 15, 1804; Leundor S.
Murray, died at Bridgeport, Ala., April 20, 1864; John Mc-
Guay. mustered out August 31, 1865; AVillium Miller, mustered
out June 5, 1805; Joseph L. Moffitt, died at Marietta, Ga., Au-
gust 10, 1804; Samuel E. Nickey, discharged August 23, 1804,
wounds; Robert Pain, mustered out August 31, 1865; Newton
Peterson, not mustered out; Hugh V. Poynor, mustered out May
11, 1805; AVilliam A. Ranier, mustered out August 31, 1865;
James A. Ramsey, died at Nashville July 7, 1804; Granville
Ro.ids. mustered out Juno 12, 18()4; Miehael Ryan, not mustered
out; Michael Roman, not mustered out; Mahlon J. Rainer, died
at Newborn, N. C, March 22, 1805, wounds; James D. Reeves,
transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, mustered out August 25,
1805; AVilliam H. Reed, mustered out August 10, 1805; Robert
AV. Routh, mustered out August 31, 1865; Jeremiah Skiner, mus-
tered out August 31, 18(;5; David Smith, mustered out May 30,
1865: John W. Sliles, mustered out August 31, 1865; John
Suter, mustered out August 31, 1865: William M. Sutton, mus-
tered out as Corporal Augiist 31, 1805; James Sw.athwood, mus-
tered out August 81, 1805; Andrew J. Skaggs, died at Big
Shanty, Ga., June 28, 18(54, wounds; Benjamin M. Stines. mus-
tered out August 31, 1805; Milton C. Stakebake, mustered out
July 10, 18(55; Charles Schneckcngast, mustered out August 31,
1805: Samuel W. Thomson, killed at Franklin, Tenn., November
3(». 1804: Fletcher Truax, mustered out August 31, 1865; Thorn-
as C; Todd, nnistered out August 31, 18()5; Martin AV. AA'atts,
mustered out June 17, 1865; John B. AVarner, dischai-ged May
9, 18()5, as Corporal, wounds; Levi AVelch, discharged February
9, 1805: Thomas J. AVay, mustered out August 31, 1805.

Conjpany H— Captain, James L. Neff, killed at battle of
AVise's Forks, N. C , March 10, 1805; First Lieutenant, Thom.is
S. Kennon, discharged December 20, 1804, disability: Second
Lieutenant, Levi AVolf, resigned June 14, 18(!4. Sergeants —
Edmund Engle, promoted to Second Lieutenant, First Lieuten-
ant, Captain, mustered out August 31, 1805; Peter M. Shultz,
promoted Second Lieutenant, mustered out as Sergeant August

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

31, 1S05; John K. Mote, died at Knoxville, Tenn., Auf^iist 8,
1804; Jjimes M. Gunckel, mustered July 0, IBOu; Tliomfis Adnm-
son, discharged March VI, 1865. as Hospital Steward. Corpor-
als— John Quincy Adams Robejrts. mustered out Jime 17, 18(15,
as Serjeant; George W. Fisher, mustered out June 10, 1805;
Robinson H. Bailey, mustered out August 31, 1805; Samuel L.
Adams, mustered out August 31, 1805; John M Benson, died
at Knoxville, Tenn., September 7, 1804, Sergeant; George W.
Smithson, mustered out August 31, 1805, ns Sergeant; Rufus
G. Mote, mujfcered out May 30, 18()5. Musician— Isaiah Ryan,
from Fortieth Ohio. Privates — Andrew J. Ballentyne, discharged
July 10, 1805; Albert Banta, died at New Albany, Ind., Decem-
ber 13, 1804; JaCob Bamos, mustered out August 31, 1805;
James Bartholomew, mustered out August 31, 1805, as Musician;
Joseph Bentley, ' died at Louisville Miurch, 25, 1804; William
Boltz, must«red August 31, 1805, as Corporal; Samuel Bright,
mustered out August 31, 1805, ns Corporal; George W. Brown,
mustered out August 31, 1805; JeffeisonBush, mustered out Au-
gust 31, 1805, as Coriwral; Elihu Goats, killed near Atlanta, Ga.,
August 5, 1804; George Coates, mustered out May 30, 1805;
Gilbert L. Cox, died at Altoona. Ga., Juno 27, 1804; Olfnthiis
Cox, mustered out August 31, 1805, as Coriwral; Erastus Cor-
win, mustered out June 10, 1805; John W. Edwards, transferred
to Veteran Reserve Corps November 20, 1804; Martin E. Ferrell,
mustered out August 31, 1805; James AV. Ferrell, mustered oiit
August 31, 18<)5; John C. Ferroll, mvtstered August 31, ISfiS;
Andrew J. Goodman, died at Richmond, Ind., Mai-ch 21. 1804;
William Goshorn, mustered out August 31, 1805; Jacob F. Gros-
haus. promoted Second Lieutenant, mustered out August 31,
1805, as First Sergeant; John Grow, mustered out August 31,
1805, as Corporal: Thomas D. Guncle, mustered out July 0,
1805; George M. Haas, mustwrcd out August 31, 1805; Eli J.
Harri%naied near Atlanta, Ga., August 0, 1804; John H. Hart,
mustered out August 31, 1805; James T. Hart, mustered out May

30, 1805; Henry Hobbick, mustered out May 30, 1.S05, as Cor-
poral; Thomas Horner, mustered out JulyC), 1805; Amos C. Joa
sup, mustered out July 10, 1805; William P. Jessnp, died ai;
Chattanooga April 27, 1S04; Robert Kirkley, mustered ut Au-
gust 31, 1805; John Kizer, died at Mariettii, Ga., April 28,
1804; Leander C. Lusley, mustered out August 31,1805; Charles
C. Lawrence, mustered out August 31, 1805; John Lyon, record
indefinite; Manuel D. Miller, died at Louisville, Ky., April 3,
1S04; Andrew H. McNees, mustered out August 31. 1805, as
Corporal; James Bliranda. mustered out August 31, 1805;
George N. Perkins, mustei-ed out August 31, 1805, as Corporal;
Charles H. Pierce, mustered out August 31, 1805; Henry M.
Robinson, discharged June 27, 1804; Hemy Ross, mustered out
August 31, 1865; Benjamin F. Sasser, njustered out May 30,
1805; John C. Sears, record indefinite; James Shearer, died at
Knoxville, Tenn.. July 11, 1804; Reuben Shockney, mustered
out August 31, 1805; George C. Terrell, died March 22. 1805,
wounds; Jesse M. Vanhart, transfeiTed tp Veteran Reserve Corps
August 3, 18<)4; Isaac B. Vaughn, mustered out August 31, 180"
Joseph M. Vaughn, mustered out August 31. 1S05: John n.
Winship, killed at Wise's Forks March 10, 1805; William W.
Whiting, mustered out August 31, 1805; John A. Zimmerman,
died at Indianapolis September 5, 1804. Recruits— Albert Coats,
mustered out August 3 1 , 1805, as Corjioral ; John Harris, mustered
oiit August 31, 1805; William H. Johnson, mustered out August

31, 1805; James McConaughey, mustered out August 31, 1S65;
Milton Meranda, mustered out August 31, 1S05; Francis Parker,
mustered out August 31, 1805; Lawrence Powers, mastered out
August 31, 1865; Levi Rhoads, mustered cut August 31, 1805;
Christian Richards, mustered out August 31, 1S((5.

Company K — Thomas H. Barnes, mustered out August 31,
1805; Enos'P. Fulghum, August 31, 1805.

[ANA INFANTRY (tHREE

Moved to Nashville March 10, 18()4. Marched through to
Murfreesboro, Tullahoma, Stevenson, Chattanooga and Clove-
land to Charleston, East Tennessee, arriving March 24, 1804.
Left Charleston for the front May 3, 1804. Atlanta camjiaign
May 0, September 2, 1804. Camped ni Decatur. Ga., till Octo-
ber4, 1804. Pursued Hood to Gaylesville. Moved to Nashville
and fought at Franklin and Nashville.

Camped at Columbia, Tenn., till January 5, 1805. Moved
to Washington City aud to Fort Fisher, near Wilmington. N. ,
C. Moved to Fort Anderson, N. C. Moved to Morehead City ',
and Newbern March 1, 1805. Battle of Wise's Forks, N. 0.,.
March 8, 1805. . ■

Entered Goldsboro, N. C, March 21, 1805, joining withii
Sherman's army.

Marched to Smithfield A])ril 11, 1805. News of Lee's. hiu--
render received April 12, 1805. Marched to Raleigh April 14,
1805. Johnsron's surrender April, 1805. Moved to Greensboro
and to Charlotte Stationed at Charlotte, N. C, till Deceml'or
2, 1805. AiTived at Indianapolis December 13, 1805, with 27 ,
officers and 540 men. Public reception in the State House
Grove. Regiment received final payment iind discharged and
went home with glad heai'ts, feeling that the great work was done.

Officers — Quartermaster, Charles A. Dresser, appointed Adju-
tant pro tem. ; recommissioned Quartermnpter, honorably dis-
charged August 24, 1805.

Privates, Company B— Benjamin Lockhart, mustered out De-
cember 2, 1 805.

Company H — Samuel B. Wilson, mustered out December 2,
1802, as Sergeant; James F. Williams, mustered out December

Company I — Simon Burris, mustered out December 2, 1805;
Henry H. Beach, mustered out June 8, 1805; John W. Campbell,
mustered out May 1 0, 1 8(i5 ; David H. Dutro, mustered out De-
cember 2, 1805; Benjamin F. Emerson, mustered out December
2, 1805; Thomas C. Holloway, died at/Chat^nooga, Tenn., No-
vember 23. 1864; Thomiis O'Neal, died at Knoxville, Tenn., Au-
gust 10, 1804; ElishaB. Porter, discharged June 7, 1805; David
S. Porter, mustered out December 2, 1805, as Corjwral; Joseph
W. Smith, mustered out December 2, 1865, as Corporal; James
A. Williams, mustered out August 30, 1865.

This regiment was must-ered in at Kokomo March 12, 1804;
Colonel, Charles S. Parrish. Mustered out .at Charlotte, N. C.
December 2, 1805. Officers, 40; men, 021; recruits, 22; died,
178; deserted, 21; unaccounted for, 0; total, OSO.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIR'^Y-FIRST INDIANyl

(three years).

Company I — William H. Green, mustered out November 18,
1805; J. W. Kitchel, discharged May 18, 1805; James M. Par-
vis, mustered out November 18, 1805; Francis M. Yager, mus-
tered out November 18, 1805.

Statistics— Mustered in April 21», 1804, Indianapolis, Colonel,
G. M- S. Johnson. Mustered out at Indianapolis in August,
1864. Officers, 50; men, 1,107; recruits, 236; died, 130; de-
serters, 87; unaccounted for, 0; total, 1,303.

Movements — Loft Indianapolis for Nashville as infantry
April 30, 1864. Ordered to Huntsvi lie as a garrison May 31,
1864, scouting and skirmishing through the summer of 1804,
holding the post against the whole force of Col. Buford Octolxir
1, 1804. Companies A, C, D, F aud I went to Louisville to
di'aw horses and equipments for the whole regiment. Ordered
to Paducah; left Paducah for Louisville and Nashville Novem
ber 1, 1864. Those companies went to La Vcrgne and fell back
on Murfreesboro, having two battles and twelve skirmishes, los-
ing sixty-seven men. The other companies took part at Nash-
ville and the entire regiment united immediately afterward.
Effecting a remounting, the regiment was assigned to the Sec-
ond Brigade, Seventh Division Cavalry Corps of the Military-
Division of the Mississippi, Col. Johnson commanding the bri-
gade. Left for New Orleans February 11. 1805; disembarked
at Vicksburg; went on to New Orleans March 0, 1865, and to
Mobile Bay; raid through Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi--
800 miles — under Gen. Grierson, to Columbus, Miss. Went Uj
Macon, Miss., guai'ding railroads and capturing stores, ammu-
nition and ordnance. Returned to Columbus and to Vicks-
bm-g. Mustered out of service November 18, 1805. Reached
Indianapolis Novombor 25, 1805. Dinner at the Soldiers' Home

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and reception at the State House same day. Welcome by Gov.
Baker. Eesponse by Gen. Johuson.

Regiment at the disbandment mimberod 23 officera and 033

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTT-FOURTH REGIMENT (10(1 DAYS).

Call issued by Gov. Morton April 23, 1864. One Hundred
and Thirty-second to One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Kegiments
were organized under the call. The One Hundi-od and Thirty-
fourth was mujstered in at Indianapolis May 25, 1804, Colonel,
•James Gavin; seven companies were recruited from the Fourth
and three in the Fifth District. They proceeded immediately to
Tennessee for garrison and guard duty.

Statistics— Officers, 41; men, '.)08; recruits, 1; died, 19;
total, U50.

The 100-day regiments did a useful, though not a conspicu-
ous service, enabling the trained soldiers to be sent to the front
in the imjiortant and decisive campaign of 1864 in Virginia and
(Jeorgia and elsewhere.

The One Hundred and Thirty-fomth Regiment was mustered
in May 2"), 1804, and mustered out in August of the same year.

The officers and men of the One Hundi-ed and Thirty-fourth
Regiment from Randolph County were as follows:

Company F— Captain, George W. H. Riley, promoted Lieu-
tenant Colonel, mustered out with the regiment; First Lieuten-
ant, William M. Cox, promoted Captain, mustered out with regi-
ment; Second Lieutenant, Joali Driver, promoted First Lieuten-
ant, mustered out with regiment.

Company F — Hiram Alshouse, Milton Anderson, Matthew
Atkinson, John Batchelor, John H. Beary, Sanford Bowman,
Albert H. Bowen, John F. Brice, John P. Brewster, William L.
Buness, William H. Caty, Seth D. Coats, Elisha Conner, William
R. Cox, Abraham Conner, Edmoud A. Cropper, Henry S. Cm-ry,
William T. Davis, William C. Dye, James Edwards, James S.
Engle, ANilliam W. Ennis, David A. Fisher, Abijah Frazier,
.John W. French, Samuel A. French, Albert C. Gaddis, Francis
A. Graham, James B. Gray, Robert E. Grubbs, John Hallowell,
Henry C. Hititt, Wilson Hiatt, John E. Hodson, Charles H.
Huffiuan, John B. Hughes, William Jones, Thomas W. Jordan,
Alva C. Kepler, Homer Lewallen, Joseph W. McCrackeu, Ellis
S. McNees, Joseph McNees, Charles McGee, Morgan H. Mills,
Oliver M. Mills, promoted First Lieutenant; John E. Nefif,
AVilliam H. O'Neall, William H. Taiuter, Christopher Pastors,
Caleb C. Peacock, William E. Peacock, George W. Porter, Will-
iam Puckott, Zachariah T. Puckett, Erastus H. Road, Enoch
Scott, Levi Slusher, John T. Smith, Stover Smith, James C. Som-
merville, Alexander S. Starbuck, James C. Steele, Wiishington
L. Strohm, John W. Study, Hem-y Tharpe, Martin V. Tucker,
Leroy Turner, William W. Vandegraff, Ai-thm- Vauderbui-"-, De
Witt C. Weldy, Beniah N. White, John Wideman, Luther M.
Williams, Sylvester M. Williams, Levi F. AVilmington, Benja-
min F. Willmore, Elias Wright, Henry M. Yunker.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY- NINTH REGIMENT (100 DAYs).

Company I — Charles D. Lewis, mustered out September 29,
1S64.

Regiment mustered in at Indianapolis June S, 186 1 ; Colonel,
(ireorge Humphrey. Companies raised as follows:

Elizaville, Lawrenceburg, Kendallville, Knightstown, Con-
nersville, New Castle, Portland, Vovay, one each; one fi-om New
Albany and Metamoras, and one fi-om Columbia, New Haven
and New Philadelphia.

Statistics —Officei-s, 30; rrm, 824; recruits, 2; died, 11; de-
serter, 1; total, Sr)0.

They were stationed somewhere, guarding railroads, in tie
Southern region, remaining in service more than 100 days.

ONE HUNDRED AND I'OHTIETH REGIMENT (oNE YEAr).

Mustered in at Indianapolis October 24, 1804; Colonel,
Thomas J. Brady. Mustered out at Greensboi-o, N. C, July 11,
180'). Officers, 39; men, 908; recruits, 48; died, 102; deserters,
50; unaccounted for, 7: total, 1,055.

Regiment loft Indianapolis November 25, 1804, for Nash ville.

Tenn. ; thence to Murfreesboro, being stationed in Fort Rose-
crans. In a skirmish south of Miu-freesboro one was wounded.

Upon Hood's defeat, it marched to Columbia, Term., Decem-
ber 28, 1804; embarked in steamers on the Tennessee for Wash-
ington City, Januaiy 10, 1865; moved to Alexandria February
3, 1865. Embarked on ocean steamer for Fort Fisher, N. C,
February 3, 1805; took part in severe fighting in the siege and
capture of Wilmington. At the battle of Town Creek Bridge,
N. C, February 20, 1865. Entered Wilmington, N. C, Febru-
ary 23. 18a"\ "Marched to Kingston, N. C. Mai-ch 0, passing
over a distance of eighty-five miles, largely swamps, in five days.
Sot out fov Goldsboro, N. C, March 19. Arrived at Raleigh,
N. C, April 14, remaining there till the 0th of May. Marched
to Greensboro; on dut) there till July 11, 1865. Mustered out
of service at Greensboro July 11, 1805. Arrived at Indianapolis
July 21. Public reception July 25. Addresses by Gov. Mor-
ton and Maj. Gen. Sherman. Regiment paid oif July 28, 1805,
and discharged.

The members of the One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment
from Randolph County are as follo^vs:

Company F — Second Lieutenant, Ezra W. Bond, mustered out
with regiment; James E. Ashwell, Samuel P. Cotton, musiciaiig,
mustered out July II, I'SOo; Ira Adamson, mustered out July 11,
180.5, as Corporal, George Byers, Joel F. Bales, mustered out
July 11, 1865; George W. Edwards, mustered out May 25, 1805;
Mai'ion W. Ffirrens, Henry H. Hurst, Benjamin F. Jordan, mus-
tered out July 11, ISO.i; James H Murray, died at Miu-freesborc
Januaiy 1, 1865; Albert Pegg. Thomas J. Puckett, mustered out
July 11, 1865: Walter W. Williams, not mustered out.

ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SEVENTH

=AR).

The One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment was composed
of seven companies fi'om the Fifth Congi-essional District, tvio
from the Eleventh District and one from elsewhere. Organized
March 13, 1805, at Indianapolis, Colonel, Milton Pedou.
March 16, 1865, the regiment left for Harper's Ferry, Va, They
marched to Charleston, Va., and, during the summer, did guard
duty at various places in that vicinity. It wa.s mustered out Au-
gust 4, 1865, arrived at Indianapolis August 9, 1865, with 32
officers and 743 men, and was publicly welcomed in the State
House Grove, with addi-esses by Lieut. Gov. Baker, Gen. Benjiuiiin
Harrison and others.

Statistics— Officers, 39; men, 1,012; recuits, 24; re-enlisted
veterans, 3; died, 44; deserted, 03; total, 1,078. Mustered in
March 13, 1865; mustered out August 4, 1805.

Members from Randolph Coimty are as follows:

Lieutenant Colonel, Theodore F. Colgrove; Chaplain, George
W. Thomson, honorably discharged June 17, 1805; Assistant
Surgeon, Samuel C. Weddington, mustered out with regiment

Company A— Captain, Theodore F. Colgrove, promoted Lieu-
tenant Colonel; First Lieutenant, Nelson Pegg, promoted Cap-
tain, mustered out with regiment; Second Lieutenant, Edmund
B. WaiTen, promoted First Lieutenant, dismissed June 23, 1805.

Privates— Henry T. Addington, as Corporal; Adam Alman-
rode, Bai-tley Allen, James A. Addington, Nathan Addington,
Friend J. S. Bailey, William L. Burress, William Bailey, James
W. Butterwortb, Elisha Cormer, Nicholas Caywood, as Corporal;
Stephen Clevinger, Abijah Cox, Squire Davis, Elijah S. Davis-
son, Francis X. Dai-by, J ames Edwards, Axime Elliott, Samuel Eui-
ry, William W. Ennis, John S. Ennis, Franklin Fcrd, promoted
First Lieutenant, mustered out iis First Sergeant with regiment:
William T. Foust, Maitin V. Foust, James B. Gray, Richard
Goodman, Edward W. Han-is, William C. Haworth, Joy Harris,
William E. Hai-ris, Jasper N. Hurst, James S. Hultz, John W.
Henderson, John O. Hollowell, as Corporal; Henry Ingle, Will-
iam Jones, James C. Johnson, William Johnson, Owen Jones,
John W. Jones, John Kirk, Joseph Kirk, George R. Kennedy,
Henry C. Lamb, as Corporal; Oliver F. Lewellan, as Sergeant;
Anch-ew K. Lewis, Com-ad Listenfeltz, Daniel Mondenhall,
George Meranda, Joseph W. McNees, John H. McGuire, as
Corporal; Daniel Miller, Francis Massey, Lewis Miller, John
Mclntyre, Israel Nunemaker, David Neff, Louis Neustiol,
William H. O'Niel, William E. Peacock, William H. Painter,

HISTORY 0^ RANDOLPH COUNTY

fis Corporal; Joseph W. Robison, Jamos Readman, George A.
RLody, as Sergeant; George D. S. Reese, promoted Second
Lieutenant, promoted First Lieutenant; Enoch Scott. Jacob
R. Stuart, Levi Slnsher, Zephaniah Sylvys, James C. Sommol'-
ville, Benjamin Sommers, M'illiam R. Tisor, as Corpol-al
Frank L. Turlier. William C. West, Lnther L. Williams
Joel Wooton, Sylvester N. Williams, Samuel A. Winship
Beniah F. AVhite, William H. Winship, Henry M. Yunker, Al-
bert T. Butler, died at home March 10, 1805; John T Carson,
died at Indianapolis March 7, 1805; James E. Daily, miisterod
out August 14, 1865; Benjamin F. Edwards, mustered out May
18, 1805; Jesse Harris, mustered out May 81, 1805; Myers Sil-
vers, mustered out Octolwr 81, 1805; George B. Watson, mus-
tered otit May 19, 1805.

Company B — Elijah Ledbottor, Wagoner, mustered out Au-
gust 4, 1805; Isaac M. Jones, Wesley Jordan, Corporal, mustered
out in August 4, 18(')5.

Company C — John Fay, record indefinite; Daniel J. Nicbel,
mustered out August 4, 1805, n« Corporal.

Company F — Andrew Younce, Corporal, mustered out August
4, 1805, as Sergeant.

Company I- — Captain, Marcellus B. Dickey, mustered out with
regiment; First Lieutenant. John Bidlock, mustered out with
regiment.

Privates— John W. Allen, Matthew Arnold, John Q. Adam-
son, William F. Emory, mustered out August 4, 1805; Daniel
Elliott, Christian Greaf, mustered out A\igust 4, 1805: George
Girard, mustered out July 11. 1805; Calvin Hardin, James C.
Hartz, mustered out August 4, 1805; Daniel Jones, mustered
out May 15, 1805; William H. Justice, mustered out May 17,
1805; Robert L. Kirwood, mustered out August 4, 1805; James
C. Knox, mustered out July 17, 1805; Miles O. Long, died May
10, 1805; Abraham G. Long, mustered out August 4, 1805;
Charlies D. Lewis, miast«red out August 4, 1805, as Corporal;
George Lamm, Thomas McGinnis, Francis Rodcnborger, mus-
tered out August 4, 1805; Samuel H. Sturgeon (really Jay
County), mustered out August 4, 1805, a,s Sergeant; Heniy H.
Sweet, died April 2, 1805 ; John Street, mustered out August 4,
1804; John T. Taylor, died June 1, 1805; Richard H. Spenco,
Richard Vallandighnra, Jacob Weinck, John Wine, mustered out
Augast 4, 1805; Joseph C. Yager; Francis M. Hill, recniit, mus-
tered out June 3, 1805; John L. Young, mustered out Angast 4,
1805. Company K— George W. May, unaccoimted for.

I FIFTY-FOUKTH EEQIMENT (oNE YEAb).

Company H — Alfred Lenox, Second Lieutenant, mustered out
with regimeni

Company K — Jason L. Downing, mustered out August 4,
1805.

Statistics of Regiment — Officers, 39; men, 958; recruits, 5;
died, 40; deserters, 84; total, 982.

Recruited in the Eighth Congressional District. Organized
April 20, 1805; Colonel, Frank Wilcox; went to Parkersburg
April 28, 1865; continued on duty in Western Virginia till Au-
gust 4, 1805; mustered out August 4, 1805; arrived at Indian-
apolis August 7, 1805, with 32 officers and 734 men. Reception
at the Capitol grounds.

Company B — Benjamin Bayloss, George W. Debolt, Frank
Kukler, mustered out August 4, 1805; John R. Whitacre, mus-
tered out August 4, 1805, as Sergeant.

The regiment was composed of five companies — two from the
Seventh and one each from the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Dis-
tricts. Organized April 12, 1865; Lieutenant Colonel, Charles
M. Smith. Served in Shenandoah Valley; mustered out at
Winchester, Va., August 4, 1805; arrived at Indianapolis August
7, 1865, with 17 officers and 380 men.

TWENTIETH BATTERY, LIGHT ABTILLEET.

Thomas E. Stanley, mustered out June 28, 1805.
Men from Randolph County may have been in the batteries,
but most of the names have no residence attached, and hencn no

account can bo given of such, for which facts, if any " Randolph
poiifaty Boys'' are tlurfeby omitted, we are exceedingly sony,
out now to helj) tlie matter we are unable to tell.

VOttjKTEEBS I

Company B — 'William Milstead, from Company H, Eighty-
fourth Regiment, mustered ou^ June 26, 1865.

Company G— Allen Fowler, from Company E, Eighty-fourth
Regiment, jnustered out Juno 30, 1805.

Company G — Archibald March, from Company E, Eighty-
fourth Regiment, mustered out June 30, 1805.

Company I — William Chambers, from Company A, Eighty-
fourth llegimont, mustered out Juno 30, 1865.

There were doubtless others, but we have no information con
corning them.

RANPOLPn BATTALION, INWANA LEGION.

Officers— Major, D. E. Shaw: Adjutant, James R. Jones;
Quartermaster, Benjamin Peacock; Assistant Surgeon, Samncl
G. Stafford.

The companies composing the regiment were as follows:

Buena Vista Home Guards — Captain, Zerah Masters; Fir.st
Lieutenant, Oliver M. Mills; Second Lieutenant, Joel W. Bussear.

Randolph Greys- -Captain, R. B. Farra; First Lieutenant,
W. W. Aker; Second Lieutenant, John K. Martin.

Farmland True Bluea— Captain. George McGriff; First Lion-
lenant, Jamas H. McNeos; Second Lieutenant, P. A. Stanley.

West River Guards — Captain, John A. Hunt; First Lieuten-
ant. Benjamin Peacock; Second Lieutenant, Ai-^hur True; Sec-
ond Lieutenant, John D. Jones.

Liberty Tigers— Captain, Jacob A. Jackson; First Lieuten-
ant, Alvin M. Owen; Second Lieutenant, Jool A. Newman.

Maxville Regulars — Captain, Joab Driver; First Lieutenant,
Thomas B. Mclntyre; Second Lieutenant, Luther M. Moorman.

Morristown Guards — Captain, Jesse May; First Lieutenant,
Salathiol Ryan; Second Lieutenant, Jonathan R. Peoples.

Union City Guards — Captain, Isaac}?; Gray; Captain, Geor^'o
W. Thom|3son; First Lieutenant, George ^. Thompson; First
Lieutenant, John W. Griffith; Second Lieutenant, Raiford
Wiggs; Second Lieutenant, Samuel L. Carter.

Morton Rangers— Captain, Robert H. Grooms; First Lieu-
tenant. George Spillei-s; Second Lieutenant, Oliver F. Lewollyu.

Stono Guards— Captain, John S. Way; First Lieutenant, Joim
K. Martin; Second Lieutenant, Edward Engle.

Fairview Rangers-Captain, Cyrus B. St. John; First Lion
tenant, James R. Jones; Second Lieutenant, John W. Bargor.

Whether these companies of which the officers are given
above performed any duty of any sort we are unable to state.

Many of the officers and men in them enlisted in active serv-
ice, and spent more or less time at the front and elsewhere with
the regiments in which they enrolled their names.

Since .several persons from Randolph joined this regiment,
we give a brief sketeh thereof.

Organized at Camp Chase in September and November,
1801; Colonel, Jonathan Cranor. All of Companies E and G,
much of Company I and parts of F and K arc said to have on-
listed from Darke County, Ohio. The following persons were
from Randolph County, Ind. :

Company B — Recruited by Capt. Beeves, promoted Major:
Lewis Addington; William Brown, died March 19, 1863, at
Piketon, Ky. ; Martin Cox, John Fen-ell, Jabez W. Freestone,
veteran, died shortly after the close of the war, and buried at
Portland, Jay Co., Ind.; George Hollowell, William Ingle, Cor-
poral, killed atKenesaw, Ga., before Atlanta: James Mendenhall,
Joseph O'Neall, Lewis Phillip,s, Isaiah Regan, Drum Major; John
Spotts, died in Georgia; two more, also, whose, names were not
obtained.

An amusing occurrence took place vrith one of the above,
Lewis Addington, which may not be amiss to relate. After the
regiment had veteranized and as they were coming home on fur-
lough, when they were at Nashville, Term., Addington, seeing :i
boy peddling milk, kicked his bucket over, spilling all the milk.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

He was an-ostod anil kejit bo Iodj; that tlie other boys went home,
had their furlough, returned to the front and wore muBtered in
as veterans. Addiugton was not on hand, and, of course, re-
mained a non-vetornn. ^Vhen he returned, instead of becoming
a veteran, ho simply served out his original time and was mus-
tin-ed out of the regiment. Speaking of the "kick, he said:
"Boys, that was the luckiest kick that I over made in my life."

The movements of the regiment were as follows: Left Camj)
Chase for Kentucky December 17, 18<U. Stai-t«d for Sandy
Valley via Mt. Sterling andMcCormick's Gap December 20, 1801'
Arrived at Paintsvillo January 8, 1802. Aasi.sted in di-iving
Cien. Humplu-ey Marshall from Kentucky iu January, 1802.
Skirmished at Pound Gap, Eastern Kentucky, March 10, 1802.
Jainos A. (lartield. Colonel, was commander of the brigade.
Joined the Army of the Cumbei-land at Nashville, Tenn., Febni-
ary 28, ]80:i. -Joined the Army of Kentucky at Franklin, Tenn.,
March 0, 186:-5. Had severe fighting near Franklin April 10,
I80;i. Stationed at Triune. Shelbyvilhs Wartraco and Tulla-
homa, Tenn., summer of ISC):). In" the battle of Chickamauga,
Tenn., September IU, 20, 180;'; in the fights round Chattanooga
November 24, 25, ISf!;}: veteranized in January, 1864; Atlanta
campaign, Ga., summer of 180 1-, doing severe and successful
execution; Franklin and Nashville in Decembei', 1804; consoli-
dated witli tlie Fifty-lh-st at Nashville; jnu-sued Bragg to Hunts-
villo, Ala., and returned to Nashville; ordered to Texas in June,
1805; mustered out at Indianola, Texas, October, 1805. Ko-
turned their flag to tbe ladies of Greenville Novembe) 17, 1805;
flag now in possession of Mrs. I. N. (iard, Grofrnville.

The following is the nnmbor of men iu the dili'erent regi-
raeuts set down to Randol[>b County:

Eighth Regiment (three months), 78; Sixth (three years), 2;
Seventh^ (throe years), 8; Eighth (three years). 09; Ninth (three
years),'!-?'?; Eleventh (three " years), 2; Twelfth (three years) 2;
Thirteenth (three years), 0; Sixteenth (three years), 1; Nine-
teenth (three yeara), 148; Twentieth (three yeai-s), 47; Twenty-
fa.st. First Heavy Artillery. Vi; Twenty se ,enth (three years), 3;
Twenty- eighth. First Cavalry (throe year,s). 1; Thirty-first (three
years), 1; Thirty-third (three yeai-s), 1; Thirty-fourth (three
years), 4; Thirty-si.^cth (three years), 4; Forty-second (three
years),;!; Forty-seventh (three years), 2; Fifty-fourth (one year),
;^9; Fifty-fifth (three months), 88; Fifty -seventh (three years),
70; Sixty-ninth (three years), :}09; Scventy-fir.st (three years),
2; Seventy-fifth (three years), 4; Seventy-seven' h (three years),
2; I'liglity-fourth (three years), ::J08; Eighty-ninth (three years),
1; Ninetieth, Fifth Cavalry (three years,), 48; Ninety-seventh
(three years), 1; Ninety-ninth (three years), 21; One Hundred
and Fifth (Morgan raid), 14;^; One Hundred and Sixth (Morgan
raid), 203; One Hundred and Ninth (Morgan raid), 50: One
Hundred and Seventeenth (six months), 1 ; One Hundred and
Nineteenth, Seventh Cavalry (three years), U4; One Hundred and
Twenty-first, Nineteenth Cavalry (tliree years). 1 S ; One Hundred
and Twenty-fourth (three years), 208; One Hundred and Thir-
tieth (three years), 0; One Hundred and Thirty-first, Twelfth
Cavalry (three years), 4; One Hundi'ed and Thirty- fourth (100
days), 1)0; One Hundred and Thirty-ninth (100 days)]' 1 ; One Hiin-
ch-ed and Fortieth (one year), 1 ;i; One Hundred and Forty-seventh
(one year), 127; One Hundred and Fifty-fourth (one yo.ir), 2;
One Hundred and Fifty-sixth (one year), 5; Twentietli Battery,
Light Artillery, 1 ; Fifth Colored United States Troops, 1 ; Eighth
Colored United States Troops, 1 : Twenty-third Colored United
States Troops, 3; Twenty-eightli Colored United States Troops,
3; Forty-second Colored United States Troops, 3; Forty-fifth
C!oIored United States Troops, 2; other colored soldiei-s, 14;
other colored soldiers, Greenville settlei^ient, Ohio, 14; Fortieth,
Ohio (thrae years), 12. Total credit to Randolph, or sui)posed
to belong thereto, 2,373.

This list is, of course, partly nncertain. Most of the persons
named are known to have belonged to Randolph, but some have
been put do^vn as probable citizens of the county. Doubtless a
considerable number really belonging to the county have been
credited elsewhere, while in some cases she has received credit

for m(\n really residents of other counties. We have done our
best towar3 an accurate statement and with that are oblig9d to
be content. '.

Of course, a considerable number, amounting to many thou-
sands throughout the State, and doubtless to some hundreds iu
the county, are counted over again, thb names of some occurring
several times; but to make an «ixact account of such would hardly
be practicable, and if it were so the good accomplished would not
be worth the trouble. ,

3F REGIMENTS, .VSSIGNMENT OF

Eighth Regiment Infantry (three months)—
der Col. William P. Benton, and mustered into service for three
years Septembers, 1861.

Sixth Infantry (three years) — Non-veterans mustered out
September 22, 1804; the veterans and recruits were transferred
to the Sixty-eighth Indiana. Upon the muster-out of the Sixtj'-
eighth, June 20, 18(55, nineteen men of the old Sixth Infantry
were not entitled to discharge, and they were again transferred
to the Forfcy-foiu'th Indiana and served therein till finally mus-
tered out therewith, Seiiteraber 14, 18()5.

Seventh Infantry (three years) — Non-veterans mustered out
September 3, 1804; veterans transferred to the Nineteenth Regi-
ment. October 18, 1864, the new Nineteenth and the new
Twentieth were consolidated, the new regiment being known as
the Twentieth. The new Twentieth was mustered out July 12.
1805,

Twelfth Regiment (three years) — Mustered out June 8, 1805:
those not entitled to discharge wore transferred to the Forty -
eighth and Fifty ninth Regim\^nts, and served till July 15 and
17 re.si)ectively. >

Thirteenth Regiment — Consolidated into a battalion, ithder
Order ;i84 from Gen. Butler, dated December 2, 1804; five com-
panies of drafted men and substitutes, assigned in the spring of
1805, and no further change till mustered out, September 5,
1865.

Sixteenth Regiment (three yeai's) — Changed to a mounted in-
fantry regiment, and, on the muster-out, June 30, 1865, the re-
cruits were transfeiTed to the Thirteenth Cavaliy; discharged
November 18, 1805.

Seventeenth Regiment (three years) — Changed to a mounted
infantry regiment February 12, 18<)3, and mustered out August
8, 1865.

Nineteenth Regiment — Seventh and Ninetecmth consolidated
September 3, 1864; transferred to the re-organized Twentieth;
discharged July 12, 1805.

Twentieth Regiment — Foiu'teeuth and Twentieth consolidated
August 1, 1804. New Nineteenth and Twentieth united October
18, 1804. New Twentieth mustered out July 12, 1805.

Twenty-first Regiment — Changed to a heavy artilliery organi-
zation in February, 1863. Two companies were added and the
regiment was recruited to the maximum. The regiment was
called the First Heavy Artillery, and served as such till mustered
out, Januai-y 13, 1806.

Twenty-seventh Regiment— Non-veterans mustered out at
Atlanta, Ga., November 4, 1804; the other trausferretl to thi-
Seventieth, order dated October 12, 1864. Seventieth mustered
out June 8, 1865; those not entitled to discharge transfen-ed
again to the Thirty-third, and mustered out with that regiment
July 21, 1865.

Twenty-eighth Regiment, First Cavalry --The battalion of
this regiment serving in the West consolidated into two com-
panies, September 24, 1804; mustered out June 24, 1805. The
battalion in the East consolidated into one company June 23,
1804; discharged July, 1805.

Thirty-sixth Regimept-^Non-vet«rans mustered out under
order of August 13, 1864; the others formed into one company
and transferred July 12. 1805, to the residuary battalion of the
Thirtieth, as Company H; mustered out November 25, 1802.

Sixty-ninth Regiment— Consolidated with a battalion of four
companies January 23, 1805; mustered out July 5, 1865; re-
cruits transferred to the Twenty-fourth Regiment; mustered out
November 15, 1865.

HISTORY OF llANDOLPIi COUNTY.

277

SevGnty-first Regiment, Sixth Cavalry — Changed to cavalry,
order dated February 2:?, 1868; two companies added and the
organization completed October 12, 1808. Original mombera
mustered out June 17, 18(55; recruits joined with tlioKe of the
Fifih Oavaliy June 25, 18fi5, new organization called Sixth Cav
airy; nmstored out September 15. 1805.

Seventy-fifth llegimont — Mustered out June 5, 1805: recruits
transfeiTed to the Forty-second: mustered out July 21, 1805.

Eighty-fourth Eegiment — Mustered out and the recruits at-
tached to the Fifty -seventh llegimont as Comjiany K; mustered
out December 14, 1805.

Eighty-ninth llegiment — llecruits transferred to the Twenty-
sixth July 10, 1805; mustered out January 15, ISOiO.

Ninetieth Regiment, Fifth Cavalry — Companies G, L and M
and the recruits transferred to the reorganized Sixtli Cavalry
Juno 28, 1805; mustered out September J 5. 1865.

Ninety-seventh Regiment — RecrniUs transferred to the Forty-
eighth ; mustered out July 1 5, 1S(55.

Ninety-ninth Regiment — Recruits transferred to the Forty-
eighth and mustered out July 15. 1N05.

One Hundred and Nineteenth, Seventh Cavalry — Consolidated
into a battalion of si.x companies July 21, 1805; mustered out
February 18,1800.

We hero subjoin a list of the engagements in which regiments
containing Randolph soldiore took part:

1801 — Rich Mountain. Va., July 11, Eighth (thi'eo months},
Thirteenth (three years); Lewinsville, Va, September 1 1. Nine-
teenth Regiment; Cheat Mountain, Va., September 12, 18, Thir-
teenth (three years); Elk Water, Va., September 12 and 13,
Thirteenth and Seventeenth: Greenbrier. Va., Octoliev 8, Sev-
enth (three years). Ninth (three years), Thirteenth; Chickama-
hominy N. C, October 4, Twentieth; Ball's Bluff, Va., October
21, 22, Si-xteenth; Alleghany, Va, December 18, Ninth, Thir-
teenth.

1862— Pea Ridge, Ajk.,MiU-ch 0 to S, Eighth Infiinti-y (thi-oo
years); Ishind No. 10, Mississippi River, Mm-c1i 10, Aju'll 7,
Thirty- fourth, Forty-seventh; Winchester, Va., March 22, 23.
Seventh Infantry (thioo years). Thirteenth Infantry ; Shiloli,
Teau., April 6, 7, Sixth Infantry (throe years). Ninth Infantry
(throe years), Fifty-seventh; Corinth (siege), April 1i. May 30,
Sizth Infantry (three years), Ninth Infantry (three years), Seven-
teenth, Thirty-firat, i?hirty -sixth. Fifty-seventh; Summersville,
Va., May 7, Thirteenth Infantary; Front Royal, Va., May 28,
Twenty -seventh Regiment; Winchester, Va., May 25, Twentv-
seventii Regiment; Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27, Twentieth; Fair
Oaks, Va., May 31, Jime 1, Twentieth Regiment; Port Reiniblic,
Va., June 9, Seventh Infantry (three years); Front Royal, Va.,
June 12, Seventh Infantry (throe years); Orchards, Va., June 25,
Twentieth Regiment; Glendale, Va., June 28, Twontiath Rogi
ment; Savage's Station, Va., June 29, Twentieth Regiment;
White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, Twentieth Regiment; Malvern
Hill, Va., July 1, Twentieth Regiment; Cotton Plant, Ark.,
July 7, Eighth Infantry (three years); Aberdeen, Ark., July 9,
Thirty-fourth Regiment; Baton Rouge, La., August 5, Twenty-
first, First Heavy Artillery, Regiment; Cedar Mountain, Va. ,
August 9, Seventh Infantry (three vears); Aastin, Miss., August,
Eighth Infantry (three years); Gainesville, Va., August 2M,
Nineteenth Regiment; Second Bull Run, Va., August 2S to 30,
Seventh Infantry (Uiree years); Muldi-augh's Hill, Ky., August
28, Seventy-first, Sixth Cavalry; Richmond. Ky., August 30,
Twelfth Infantry, Sixteentn, Sixty-ninth Regiment; Chantilly,
Va., September 1, Twentieth Regiment; Des Allomands. La.,
September 8, Twenty-first, Heavy Artillery, Regiment; Mun-
f (^rdsville, Ky . , September 14 to 18, Seventeenth and Eighty-ninth
Regiments; South Mountain, Va., Saptember 14, Nineteenth
Regiment; Antietam, Md., September 17, Nineteenth Regiment;
Cornet Bridge, La., December 21, First Heavy Ai-tillery Regi-
ment; Fredericksburg, Va., December 11 tp 13, Seventh In-
fantry (throe years). Nineteenth, Twentieth; Stone River, Tenn.,
December 31, 1802, January 1, 2, 1808, Sixth Infanti-y (three
years), Ninth Infantry (three yoju-s), Thirty-first, Fifty-seventh.

1863— Arkanst^s Post, Ark., January 11, 1803, Sixteenth,

Sixty-ninth; Deserted Fariu, \:i., Jaiiuarv 30, Thii-toonUi In.
fantry; Fitzhugh's llrossiug, ^'a., April 211, Nineteenth l!o-i
ment: Port Gikson^ Miss., May, 1808, Eighth Infantry (three
years), Sixteenth, Thirtyfourth, Sixty-ninth; Chancellorsville,
Va., May 2, 3, S.WHiith Inf:mtrv (three years), Twentieth, Twenty-
seventh; Champion Hills, :\Iiss., May 10. Eighth Infantry (throe
years). Eleventh Infantry (three years), Twelfth Infantry, Thirty-
fourth, Forty-seventh, Sixty-ninth; Jackson, Miss., M.'iy 11.
Eighth Ij^fiintry (three yeare), Forty seventh; Black iUver
Bridge, Miss., May 17, Eiglitli Infantry (three years), Sixteenth,
Sixty-ninth; Port Hudson, Miss., May 21, July 8, Twenty-iir>,t,
FiM Heavy Artillery, Regiment; Vicksi)nrg, Miss., May" 18 to
July 4. Eighth Infantry (throe voars), Twelfth. Si.xteonth Thirty-
fourth, Forty-seventh, Sir^ty-ninUi, Nincty-iiintli: Tiinnc. Trnii..
Juno 11, Eighty-fourth ll-iuiiMit: HM.n.r's ( i,i]). Tenn. , June
24, Seventeenth, SevenlyJifth; (ll•tt\sl)lll■;^^ l\'nii.. .1 nlv 1 to 8,
Seventh Infantry (throe years), Niiu'-Urntli. Tw.^niu'tli. Tuvnly.
seventh; Jackson, Miss, (secoinl). July 11 U> Hi, i;ighth liif;m
ti-y (three years). Twelfth Infantry, Six((M'ntli. Tliiity- fourth:
Buftington Island, Ohio Hiver. July II). Niiietictli, Fifth'Cavalry.
Regiment; Lafourche Crossing. La.. July 21. Tw(>ntv- first, Fiist
Heavy Ai-til!ery; Manassas Gap, Va., Jiily 28, Twentieth Regi-
ment; Fort Wagner, S. C, September 7, Tliirtocutli PiHginieiit;
Chickamauga, Tenn., September 19, 20, Sixth Infiintrj- (thn-o
years), Ninth Infantry (three years). Seventeenth, Thirty -lii-st.
Thirty-sixth, Forty-second, Seventv-fifth. Eighty-fourth Heiji-
ments; ZoUicoffer, Tenn., Sept.embor'20, Nimitictli, Filth Cavalry,
Regiment; Blountsvillo, Tenn., September 22, Ninoticjth. Filth
Cavalry, Regiment; Tliomson's Cove, Tenn., October 8, Soven-
te(>iith Regiment; Coosaville, Ga., Octolier, Seventeenth Regj.
ment: Flat Uock, (ia.. Seventeenth lu-gimeut; Farmington,
Tenn., October 7, SeyeiUueuth Regim.'nt; Colliersyille. Tenn.,
October 11. Sixteenth Ri-gimont; Hon.lor.soi)-s Mill, Tenn., Oc-
tober 11, Ninetieth. Fifth Cavahy, Rvginient; Brown's Ferry,
Tenn., October 27, Si.xth Infantry (three yeai-s); Ashby's Gap.
Va., Novemlior 2, Scvontii lufanti-y (threoyoars); Griind Coteau.
La., November 8, Forty-seventh Ucgiment: Locust Grove, Va.,
November, Twentieth Regiment; Mustang Island, Texas, Novem-
ber 17, Eighth Infantry (three years): Knoxville, Tenn., Noyem-
ber 17, December 4, Seventy-liret, Sixth Cavalry. Regiment;
Lookout Mountain, Ga., November 2.1, Ninth Infantry (thri'e
years) Reghuent; Mis.sion Ridge, Ga. . Xovember 2"). Sixth In
fantry (thi-ee yeiu*), Ninth Infantry (three yo;u>-i. Twelfth In-
fantry, Fifty-seventh, Seventy-fifth; Graysville, Va.. Noyombor
27, Nint^ty-sevonth Regiment; Fort Esperanza, Texas, November
27, Eighth Infantry (three years); Walker's Ford, Tenn., De-
cember 3, Ninetieth, Fifth Cavalry, Regiment.

1804— Strawbei-ry Plains, Tenn., January 10, Ninetieth
Regiment; Mossy Creek, Tenn., January 12, Ninetieth. Fifth
Cavalry, Regiment; Dandridge, Tenn., January 17, Ninetieth,
Fifth Cavalry, Regiment; Okolona, Miss., February 22, One
Hundi-ed and Nineteenth, Seventh Cavalry; Egypt Station,
Miss., February, One Hundi-ed ami Nineteenth, Seventh Cavalry;
Fort Gaines, Ala., April 5 to 8, Twenty-first, First Heavy Ai-til-
lory Regiment; Sabine Cross Roads, La., April 8, Sixteenth,
Twenty-fii-st, First Heavy Artillery, Regiment; Pleasant Hill,
La., April 9, Forty-seventh, Eighty-ninth; Suffolk (defense),
April 10, May 13, ThirU^enth; Taylors Ridge, Ga., May,
Ninth llegimont; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 0, Seventh, Niiie-
ttienth. Twentieth; Timnel Hill, Ga., May 7, Sixth, Ninth;
AVathel Junction, Va., May 7, Thirteenth Regiment; Lam-el Hill,
Va., May 8, Seventh, Nineteenth; Spottsylvania, Va., May 8 to
10, Seventh, Nineteenth, Twentieth; Hooky Face Ridge, Ga.,
May 9, Fifty-seventh, Eighty-fourth, Niuoty-nmth, One Hun-
dred and Thirtieth; Po River, Va., May 10 to 12, Seventh,
Nineteenth, Twentieth; Chester Station, Va., May 10, Thir-
teenth; Resaca, Ga., May 15, Sixth, Ninth, Twelfth, Fory-see-
ond. Fifty-seventh. Seventy -tirat (Sixth Cavalry); Rome. Ga.i
May 17, Seventeenth llegiment; Yellow Bayoii, La., May IS,
Eighty-ninth Regiment; Bayou de Glaize, La., May 18, Eighty-
ninth; Cassville, Ga., May 19. Ninth, Seventy-fij-.st (Sixth Cav-
alry); Foster's Fiu'm, Va., May 20, Thirteenth llegiment; North
Anna, Va.. May 25. Seventh, Nineteenth, Twentieth; New Hope,

27S

HLSTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Ga., May 2"). Sixth, Niut.li. Twelfth, Seventoonth. Twentv-
sevonth, Fifty-sovpnth, Ninoty-sovcntli: Dallas. Ga.. May 27,
Sixth, Niuth, Twelfth, Sovo0tv-lifth, Kijrhty-foiu'th. Niuotv-
st^vonth, Ninoty-ninth; Bethosda Church, Va.. May .if). ;i"l,
Seveuth; I'limpkiii Vine Uluu'ch. Ga., June,- Seventeenth
llegime.nt; Petw•.sbul•l,^ Va., Juno. 1 8(1-1 to April :i. 180."), Si'V(>iith.
Thirteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth : Kingston, Ga., Juno, Eif^hty-
f.iiirth Eogiment; Cold Harbor. Va., June:-!, Seventh. Thirteenth.
Nineteenth, Twentieth; Giintown. Miss., June 10. One Huuiked
and Nineteenth (Seventh Cavalry); TupoUo, Miss.. June 14,
Eighty-ninth Regiment; Lost Mountain, Ga.. Juno 17. Seventy-
Urst (Sixth Cavalry), One Hunili-ed and Twenty-fourth. One Hun-
dred and Thirtieth; Big Shanty, Ga , June 14, Seveuth, Ninety-
seventh, Ninety-ninth: Belle Plain lload, Ga., June. Seven-
teenth; Konesiiw. Ga., June 27, Sixtli, Ninth, Twelfth. S(!veu
teenth, Twenty-seventh, Thirty-first, Thirty-sixth, Forty-second.
Fifty-seventh, Seventy-first' (^Sixth Cavalry), Si;venty-fifth.
Eighty-foui-th, One Hundred and Twenty, fom-th. One Hundred
and Thirtieth; Marietta, Ga.. July 3. Sixth. Ninth, Seventeenth;
Chattahooehie, (ia.. July 7, Seventeenth; Decatur, Ga., July 10,
Ninety-ninth, One Hundred and Twenty- fourth. One Hundred
and Thirtieth; Peach Tree Crook. Ga.. July 20. Ninth, Twenty-
seventh, Forty-second. Fifty-seventh. Seveutv-Hfth. Eighty-
fourth; Atlanta, Ga.. July 21, Sejirember 2, Sixth, Ninth. Twelfth.
Twenty seventh. Thirty-lirst, Forty-second Fifty-seventh. Sev-
enty-fifth, Eighty-fourth, Ninety-seventh, Ninet^• -ninth. One
Hundred and Twenty-fourth. One Hundred and Thirtieth; Atch-
afalaya, La., July 28, Eighth, Forty -seventh; Stone Moiintain.
Ga.. July, .Seventeenth Eegiment; Hillsboro. Ga.. Julv ^il. Nine-
tieth (Filtli Cavalry): Fort Morgan, Ala., August o, thirteenth.
Twenty-first (First Heavy Artillery); Leesburg, Va., August,
Seventeenth Regiment: La Mavoo.'Mi.ss., August IS, One Hun-
dnnl and Nineteenth (S • i,-" Ci-.!: v r. Y.^llow H.,n-.e. Va.„.Au-
gust ly, Twentv-fir,sl r , i -. ': Sf;,tiMii, ( i.-i. Seiiteni-

bur2, Ninth, Eighty 1^^,. ,. ,, ,• ,.,mi1!; .l,u„.sl>,,i-n, (in., Sep-
■ueniber I, Ninth, Twrlfi li. t'is\ .■\,-nl\\. Si-vnilv-llflli. Eighty-
fourth, Ninety-seventh, Niuetv- iiiiitli, One Hundred and Thir-
ti(>th: Fort Wagner, S. C. September 7. Thirteentli: Strawberry
Plains, Va., September !•'. Thirteenth, Twentieth: Deep Bottom,
Va., September 18, Tliirteenth, Twentieth: Oj)e(pian, Va., Sep-
t'ember 10, Thirteenth. Twentieth; Fort Gihnore. Va.. Septem-
ber 19, Thirteenth, Twentieth: Cliapins Bluff", Va., Sejitember
20, Thirteenth, Twentieth; Fisher's Hill, Va., September 20.
]<^ighth Regiment; New Market, Va,, September 28, Eighth
Regiment; Sulphur Branch Trestle, Ala., September 25, One
Hundred and Twentj'-tir.st (Ninth Cavalry): Pulaski, Tenn., Sep-
tember 27, Seventy fir.st (Sixth Cavalry; Huntsville, Ala., Octo-
ber 1, One Hundred and Thirty-first (Thirteenth Cavalry);
Goshen, Ga., October, Seventeenth: Cedar Creek. Va , Octooer
3 'J, Eighth, Eleventh; Little River, Ga., October 2(), Ninety-
seventh. Ninetv-uinth; Carrion Ci-ow, La., November 8, Thirtv-
fourth; Griswoldvillo, Ga., November 28, Twelfth; Cohuubia,
Tenn., November 2(>. Ninth; Franklin, Tenr... November 30,
Ninth, Thirty-fii-st, Fifty-seventh; I'^ighty-fourth, One Humb-ed
and Twenty-first (Ninth Cavalry), One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth; Murfn^esboro (defense), Tenn., December 7, One Hun-
dred and Fortieth; Little Ogeochoe River, Ga., Decemb(!r 8,
Ninety-seventh, Ninety-ninth; Nashville, Tenn., December l.'i,
1(5, Ninth, Thirty-fii'st, Fifty-soventh, Seventy -first (Sixth Cav-
alry), Eigthy-fourth, Eigthy- niuth, One Hundred au«l Twenty-
fourth, One Hundred and Thirtieth, One Hundred and Ihirty-
first (Ninth Cavalry); Fort McAllister, Ga.. December 18, Ninety-
ninth; Savannah " (siege), Ga., December 10 to 21, Twelfth,
Forty-second; Wilkinson's Pike, Tenn., Decemljer, One Hundred
and Thirty-first (Thirteenth Cavalry); Overall's Creek, Tenn.,
December, Oni' Hun(b'ed and Thirty-first (Thirteenth Cavalry);
Vernon, Miss., December 28, Ouo Hundred and Ninetouuth
(Seventh Cavah-y).

1805— Fort Fisher, N. C, January 14, Thirteenth, One
Hundi-od and Fortieth; Fort Anderson, N. C, Feliruary 10, Thir-
teenth, One Hundred ;ind Fortieth; Town Creek Bridge, N. C,
February 20, Thirteenth, One Hundred and P'ortieth; ^\'iso'8
Forks, N. C, March 10, One Hundred and Twenty -fourth. One

Hundred and Thirtieth; Averysboro, N. C, Mai-ch 10, Forty-
second; Bentonville, N, C, March U), Twelfth. Forty-second,
Seventy -lifth. Niuety-seveuth; S])anish Fort, Ala., March 27,
April 10, Twenty-first (l-'irst Heavy Artillery), One Hundivd and
Thirty first (Thirteenth Cavalry): ICbene/.er Church. Ala.. April
1. Seventeenth; Mobile. Ala., Maiv.h 27 to A^u-il I, Twenty-first
(First Heavy Artillery). Sixty niuth. Eighty-ninth, One Hun-
dred and Thirty-lii-.st (Thirteenth Cavalry); Selma, Ala., April 2,
Seventeenth; Hatcher's Run. Va., April 2. Twentieth; Clover
Hill, Va., April 9, Twentieth; Fort Blakely, Ala., April 9, Sixty-
ninth, One Hundred and Thirty-first (Thirteenth Cavalry):
Macon, Ga., April 20, Seventeenth; Palmetto Ranch, Texas, JIa\-
13, Thirty fom'th Regiment, last battle of the war.

Onr Rai-.<U>lph soldiers, sharing abmidantly in the hardships,
p<'rils and sutVerings incident to a cruel and terrible war, bore
also their full proportion in those most fearful and inox[iressible
scenes, the horrors, the tortures, the deaths incident to rebel
prisons.

It hail been (he intention of the compiler of these sketches to
give at some length an accouut of these loathsome and ghastly
dens of corruption, disease and death; but they are too terrible.
His mind recoils at the recital, and his soul cannot be hold to
the coutem])lation for the length of time needful to prepare suuli
a statement. A few touches mitst suffice, and the mind of the
reader must be left to guess or imagine the rest.

The principal prisons used by the rebels for the confinement
of their captives were as follows:

Belle Island, near Richmond, Va.; Libby Prison, Richmond,
Va. : tobacco factories, Richmond, Va. ; Danville. Va. ; Lynch
burg, Va. ; Petersburg, Va. : Charlotte, N. C. ; Raliugh, N. C. :
Salisbury, N. C. ; Charleston, S. C: Columbia, S. C. : Florence,
H.C., ll.OOil, graves 2.795; Ander.sonville. Ga. ; Atlanta, Ga. ;
Blackshear. Ga.. temjiorary prison, not so bad; Jfaeon, Ga.;
Milieu. Ga.; Savannah. (Ja. ; Oahawba. Ala, ; Tuscaloosa. Ala. ;
Cam[i Ford, or Tyler. Texas; Camji Gross. Texas; Castle Thun
der. Richmond; 'Pembertou Prison, Richmond: Smith J'rison,
Richmond: Jail-vard, Charleston; Roi)er Hospital. Charleston:
work-house. Charleston.

A consideral)le number of men from Randolph County. Ind..
were so unfortunate as to be captured and to sufl'er inijirison
ment. Among them were W. A. ^\". Daly. Charles I'otter, Barues.
of Washington Town.ship; Edward Simmons, Van Sijie, of Jackson
Township, and doubtless many othi'rs. Barnes died in Ander
sonvillo. Daly spent time at .\iidersonville. Milieu,. Florence.
Savannah and Charleston — fourteen mouths in all. Some of his
experience is given under the head of reminiscences in anothei-
part of this work. W(> avail oiu-solves of a statement made and
published (Prison Report by Congressional Committee. 1807-09)
concerning Calvin W. Diggs, enlisted from Jay County, hut for
many years a resident of Winchester, Randolph Ccjunty, con
densiug it to suit our present purpose.

The following is a statement of Calvin W. Diggs, then of
College Corner, Jay Co., Ind.:

" I was a private of Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana In
fautry, and wiis cajitured at Chickamauga Sei)tember 21, ISO:!.
For six days I was kept ou the "nattle-groimd, witnessing mean-
while the terrible suirerings from fearful wounds, aggi-avatod by
exposure and neglect October 1, we wore ]iacked into cars like
so many hogs ami taken to Richmond — 900 miles. Arriving in
Richmond October 10, wo were soarclied. our money taken,
amounting, in case of the 300 men on the floor where I was. to
thousands of dollars. Wo were put into Smith's building, and
lodged (3()5 in number) in the lower story, mostly under ground
and filthy and damp. Rations, ten ounces of bread and three to
six ounces of meat, not enough for a single meal, the moat being
gen(<rally tainted and sometimes rotten, and the box containing
it lined with skippers. The officer in charge (Turner) was abus
ive and cruel, and the prisoners did not dare to make even the
simplest requests. November 14. 1808. we were taken to Dan-
ville, V;i., and confined in five tobacco factories. The buildings
contained about 2,500 iirisonoi-s. Rations at Danvilhv half a loaf

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

of dark bread of verj' inferior quality. What it was mude of we
could not determine. After a while, corn-broad was substituted,
of a wretched sort, meal very coarse and unsifted. A little meat
also was given, and occasionally some soup, though both were
filthy and abominable. The weather was very cold, winter uf
1S()3-f)4, but wo had no iiro and very little clothing. Wt- lay on
the bare floor with no covering. Our Clovernment furnished
clothing to some extent about Christmas. ]HKi, but much even of
that passed before long into the hands of the rebels, since the
hunger of the men was so very groat that very many exchtinged
clothing for a little food to satisfy their terrible cravings.
April 15, 18fU, wo were sent to Andersonville. The prisoners
from Belle Island had preceded us, and they were by far a worse-
looking, more wretched set of human beings than oiurselves. The
"dead line'' was made by nailing slats on stakes alwut throe
feet high, and was about fifteen feet from the stockade. I saw
two shot by the guards for crossing the ' dead line.' One was
trying to get some better water by reaching beyond the lino; the
other went beyond the line on purpose and begged the guard to
put an end to his misery.

" There wiis a bog or swamp of several acres on both sides of
the stream on which the stockade was located. No arrangement
was made for removing tilth or oxcremont, and the prisoners had
to resort to this swamp. The stream was tho only source of sup-
ply for water. Tho condition of the swamp and of tho stream
may be imagined, but cannot bo doscrihed. There were 80,000
prisoners in the stockado at one tim^, and there was a space of
not more than three feet by six to each man. There was almost
no shelter, and the rainfall was fearful, at one time twenty days
in succession; and the ground became much like a baruyard in
the winter. Many dug holes in tho ground to bm-row in. but the
rain would ' thown ' them out The clothing became reduced
often to pants and blouse, or to drawoi-s and .shirt, and those in-
conceivably ragged, filthy and loathsome. Our rations at first
were raw — one to ono and a half pints of very coarse, unsifted
meal, one gill of rotten, bug-oafcen beans or peas, or sometimes
rice; sometimes a little meat and occasionally a teasjioonful of
salt The cooking had to bo done with tho vile wator of tho
execrable stream and in the smoko and soot of a pine knot fire.
The effect of this wretched feeding was scurvy in its most terrible
form-s, mostly showing itself in pain and stiffness of limbs, run-
ning sores and the like. In my own case, it caused contraction
of limbs (so as not to be aljle to walk for two months), severe
]>ain and six)ngy and bleeding giuns (every tooth in my head be-
ing perfectly loose). Men would lie helpless, covered with foul
sores, dying and insensible, and vile vermin crawling in and out
of those fearful ulcers. Most of tho deaths occurred inside tho
stockade; few were taken to tho hospital. Tho deaths inside
the prison rose to fifty and seventy-five per day. A j>ack of
hounds was kept to recaptiure escaped prisoners, since attempts
to escape were numerous, chiefly by tunneling. Tunnels had to
be dug from four to twelve rods, still, many wore made and a
considerable number of men got out of the stioekade, though most
of them ware retaken and returned to the prison.''

This whole subject of life in rebel prisons is awful beyond
the possibility of words to express. No adocpiato idea can ho
given of its horrors. Even tho unfortunate subjects of the treat-
ment, as they now look back through the lapse of years to those
fearful scenes, can sciu-cely believe them to bo real; for it would
seem impossible that men with high sounding professions of
honor and humanity upon their lips, could allow the perpetration
of such atrocities and unheard of cruelty. That such things
were allowed and approved, however, is an unquestionable fact,
attested by thousands upon thousands of wretched men who sur-
vived and by tho jiiled-up graveyards around those pri.son pens.

Humanity perhaps could wish that the memory of such things
should pass from among men, but the genius of history, calm
but stern, demands that such atrocities as the Black Hole of
Calcutta, the prison ship Jersey, Ihe blowing of Hindoos from
the mouths of loaded cannons, the siege of Leyden, tho Sack of
Antwerp and numberless similar events, and the still more atro-
cious scenes of Belle Island, Salisbury, Florence and Anderson-
ville should be embalmed for the execration of the human race.

And yet the Southern authors of those unspeakable atrocities and
the participants therein seem not to be awaro that tho permission
to live untried and unmolested after those unimaginable crimes
is a mercy before unheard of in the annals of mankind.

I'llIHON EXI'KltlKNXT - ANUKKSONVILLE.

William WarroU and hil^ brother, Chostia- AVarroll. enlisted
in the Fifty-third Ohio Rogimout. Company K, August 22, 1S01.
They were living in Union City, Ohio, at the time. They wore
taken i)risonors by tho confederates ne;u' Atlanta, July 22. 1S04,
with a few othei-s of tho company. They wore marched to An-
dersonville, arriving in a fow days, and ca.st into that den of hor
rors. They say tongue cannot describe nor tho mind concoivt^
the fearful suffering, wretchedness and death of that awful
place. Great number's worn already there, probably 8(),(X)0. and
the mortality was terrible. Disoaso iind death in their most hor
rid forms, struck down, day and night, month after month, the
best and tiie bravest in that devoted band. The AVan'oUs stood
it comparatively well. William says his worst time was at Sa-
vannah, after being removed from Andersonville. He w;is
thouglit to be near death, and ho h^ard his tout mates )ilaniiiiig
how they would divide his clothos among them when he was
dead. Ho did not lot then> know he hoard them, but ho told
them he was not going to die, and he did not. Ho got bott^'r.
but had to bo lod, half caiTiod to the pump to wash. etc.. for
many days. The scenes were sickening. The bodies were all
bm'ied naked, the clothes being saved for those who were still
alive to wear. The corpses were laid in tiers by the gate, and
when the dead wagon came thoy wore piled up in biilk till the
wagon was full, llolays of men were kept outside on parolo to
dig graves for their poor comrades. WarreJl thinks they woro
bm-ied in separate graves each man by himself. (The author ')1'
" Andorsonvillo " states that tho bodies were buried in tronchos
four feet doo]).) This last is probably tho truth. They were
taken to Millen. perhaps in October, ]8(>4; then to Savannah
and again to Florida, and at length /to i\jiders(mville. Thoy
wore exchanged at last, in about April, iSfii), 5.0()(.) of them be-
ing marched thi-ough Florida tf) Jacksonville in that State, iiuil
thoro passed into the ITnion lines. The confederates loft tho
prisoners about eight miles from the National ti-oops, told them
the road to take and let them go. having boon paroled not to hour
arms till properly exchanged.

Much has been said of tho wonderful sju-iug that o|)onod at
Andersonville. AVarroU saw it burst out. It was on rising
ground several rods away from any hollow or bottom. Tho
ground had been growing moist and watery for some days, arnl
it was decided to dig to seo what thoy could find, whereupon tho
water camo forth abundantly. A barrel was set down for u.
spring or well, and spouts or tj-oughs were laid for the water to
run off. The stream was as large iis one's arm, furnishing wator
enough for tho whole camp. The water was pm-o and sweet and
cold. Ono cannot imagine what a blessing was that wonderful
spring to those wo-liegone men shut up within tho impassable
walls of that crowded stockade. Before that time the water was
absolutely unondm-ablo, taken from thiit reservoir of unutterable
stench and filth, tho crook and the swamp through which it ran
receiving, as it did. tho offal from that seething mass of humanity,
without tho possibility of cleansing or purification. But to pic-
ture these things is utterly impossible. Those who would see it
attempted must read ••Andorsonvillo," one of the most fearfully
thrilling books over put in ))rint.

As for cooking. T.lr. Warrell's squad had a kind of i)an.
which they had made of a plate of sheet-iron some ono had
managed to get hold of as thoy wore coming in tho cars in their
passage to Andorsonvillo. It would hold water and thoy made
mush in it and what not Thoy had no salt, thoir bread had no
salt and none was f m-nished that ho over hoai'd of.

Sometimes fresh boof would bo furuishod, and Warroll says:
"I always ate mine raw, because I thought it would help to koo[>
the scurvy off that so many suft'ered and died with. Thoir
mouths would swell and grow raw, their logs and foot would
swell twice tho natiu'al size, tooth would como loose and fall out,
and they would die rotting by piece meal.

280

UISTURY OF RANDOLril COUNTY.

"1 have soen," says Mr. Wairell, "mou dying with scurvy,
naked, except a rag tied round their waist, and the maggots
crawling from their flesh as they lay. Men would bo sick with
the diarrhoea, so sick they could not go away, and they would dig
a hole in the ground near them and use it U^ the pui'poses of
nature. Many such holes would be made within a short distance,
and the result may be imagined. I never saw any one killed
at the 'deaJ line,' Imt have seen them after they had been killed.
I saw a man shot by the guards as we were marching to Millen.
There was a pile of staves as we pjissed along, and a man
grabbed one of the staves, and the guard shot him and he fell
(lead, and we mai'ched ou and I never knew any more about him.

"INo utensils of any kind were fiirnished the prisoners, and
many had none at all. The only thing we had was the pan,
one-half a foot deej) and a foot square. It was stolon once, but
we got it again. Those who had money could buy of the guards,
corn-bread, or meal, or toljacco. The men would ti-ade anything
they had for corn- meal or bread. Every morning would be
heard the cry of men wishing to barter — "Who'll trade meal for
tobacco.' etc. At first, the boys used to cheat the rebels. They
would show a nice pair of boots perhaps, and make the rebel
throw down his meal, etc., lirst, and then fling a pair of boots,
a poor, worthless pair, far over the stockade, and when Johnnie
had found them the ' Yankee rogue ' would bo gone and could
not be discovered. They stopped all this pretty soon by refusing
to trade unless tln^ 'Yank' would throw his 'article' first.

' ' The supply of wood was one stick of pine cord wood to
twenty-five men, dividexl by one man into twenty-iive parts (one
ax was su])plied to 100 men) and distributed by c^no man turn
ing his back and telling who should have each particular pile.
Each man would tal^e his quota of wood and cut it up into
splinters as fine as shavings or matches, and with these make in-
finitesimal fires to cook their mush. ThiBS]5litting of their wood
and making and watching their ' teeny-weeny ' tires would take
hours and hom-s of weary time. No shelter of any kind was fur-
nished. We had a piece of blanket. We dug a hole a foot or
two deep, fixed up a bit of a pole and stretched the blanket frag-
ment over so as to keep the dew off, and then slept in that hole.
In the winter we would keep warm in the night by 'trotting'
round among the sleeping men hour after hour, and then we
would sleep in the sunshine in the daytime when it was hot.
My shoes wore stolen and I had none the whole winter. We
had no matches, nor flinte,, nor any means to produce fire. We
had to depend ou some one else. Somebody would have fire,
and we would kindle oui's when we ueeded. Once in awhile mo-
lasses was issued, and often the men could trade it off for meal

Mr. Warrell was never outside the stockade, only us ho was
taken out to be moved to some othei- prison.

For another sketch of prison life see account of W. A. W.
Daly in Military Eeminiscencies.

The prisoners named by William Warrell are as follows:

William Wan-ell, Company K, Fifty-third Ohio, nine months.
Union City; Chester Wan-ell, Company K, Fifty- third Ohio, nine
months, Union City; Jeremiah Torney, Fortieth Ohio, eighteen
months. Ward Township; Levon B. Moyer, Fortieth Ohio, eight-
een months: Stephen Boast, Fortieth Ohio, eighteen months;
Newton Fomits, Fortieth Ohio, Kansas. Others are as follows:

W. A. W. Dalv, Ninetieth; Charles Potter, Ninetieth; Calvin
W. Diggs, Eighty -fourth; John Stick, Alabama, Fifty-fifth
Ohio, Company K; Barnes, died. Ninetieth; James Ryan,
Fifty-third Ohio; Noah Ingle, Fortieth (Cavalry), died in six
weeks; Peter Shaffer, Fortieth Ohio; John Cring, now of Port-
land, Jay Co., Ind. ; Daniel Bond, now of Science Hill, Ky.

The sum total <>f burials in that cemetery is fearful. Thir-
teen thousand eight hundred and twenty-six corpses were put
under ground in a few terrible months. Seventy or eighty,
sometimes, would be found ready to be carried outside the gates
at the break of morning light upon that devil's den of disease,
and filth, and awful death. The statistics stand thus: From
New York, 2,390; Pennsylvania, 1,8SJ4; Ohio, 1,004; Illinois,

856; Indiana, ft24; Kansas, 468; Tennessee, 780; Virginia,
312; Wisconsin, 250; Vermont, 240; Massachusetts, 775; Mich
igan, fi24; United States Army, 456; elsewhere — kno-vvti, 2,703;
unknown, 440; total number ]3,S-i(').

An incident is related of Andersonvillo which is at leiist good
enough to be ti-ue. At one time, the rebel guards were said to have
become wearied of their work, jierhaps from sympathy with the
wretched, hapless fellow-men under their charge. Gen. Howell
Col)b, then and ever since a stern, relentless rebel, was
sent to reconcile them to their horrid task. The soldiers were as-
sembled, and tliey were harangutnl in his bitterest, most savage
and threatening manner. While in the act of thus <iddressing
the Confederate soldiers, the Federal prisoners inside happened
to have started the singing of one of the "songs of the wai-.'"
perhaps the " Flag of Freedom,"' or, mayhap, " John Brown.'"
The song spread through the whole stockade and resounded far
outside the walls of the prison, and disturbed the sturdy rebel in
his harangue. " Hush that racket, " ho cried. Wirt?;, who stooil
beside him, cui-sed and Bworo his choicest oaths, but of course
in vain. On rolled the glorious song of freedom from the throats
of scoies of thousands of men, enthusiastic even in their de
spair. Wirtz and Cobb might as well have attempted to still the
ocean waves dashing under the power of a maddening tempest
upon a rugged, rock-bound shore. The love of country lay deep
within those suffering, woe-begone hearts, and not even the hor
rorsof Andersonville could (juench the ceaseless tire, nor prevent
it from bm-sting forth at times into a tierce, overmastering flame.
" Goil bless our native land! "

Prisoners-Federals captured, ]87,3l.'3; Confodorates, 476,-
169; deaths of Federal prisoner.s. 20,249; deaths of Confederate
prisoners, 26,77;t.; deaths at Andersonville (Union soldiers), 13,-
826; deaths at Danville, Va., J,2i)f); dearths at Florence, S. C
2,75)3; deaths at Richmond, Va., 3,540; deaths at Salisbury, N.
C. , 4,728; deaths — Confederate prisoners: Alton, 111., 20 per
cent— 1,613 of 7,717; Camp Chase, Ohio, 15 per cent-2,108 „f
14,227; Camp Douglas, 111.. 17 uer cent— 3,759 of 22,301; Camj.
Morton, Ind., 17 per cent— 1,703 of 10.319; Elmiva, N. Y., 32
percent — 2,928 of 9,167: Fort Delawai-o, Del., 11 percent — 2.
502 of 22,773; Point Look(mf, Md., 8 per cont-3,446 of 38,053
(exchanged, etc.); Rock Island, 111., 20 per cent — 1,922 of 9,536;
Johnson's Island, Ohio, 3 J- percent — 270 of 7,357.

The per cent of deaths at Elmira was large. The reason for
it is to be found, however, not in the treatment of the prisoners
after their capture, but in their condition Ijefore that event.
They were ragged, feeble, half-i-tarved when taken, and they died
in spite of kind, careful, considerate ti-eatmont. Their men came
to us in wretched condition and were restored to health and
strength, so far as kind treatment could effect that result, and re-
turned to the Soutli-well fed and fully clothe<l Oui- men went
to them healthy, well fed, warmly clad, and, after suffering un-
told and indescribable terrors, from starvation, fiUh, exposure
and neglect, and the hideous diseases consequent thereon, siich
as were not lying in that crowded gravoyai-d outside the stockade
walls of Camp Sumter and elsewhere, came back to the Union
lines naked, filthy, reeling with the weakness of long-continued
and desperate hunger, or borne, helpless, by the strength of
friends, to the Union hospitals, often only to die among com-
rades, in a friendly shelter, despite the care, rendered all too late,
bestowed by those who would gladly have saved the lives of the
much enduring men to their country and themselves.

The Sultana was a steamer of large size, engaged in the Mis-
sissippi trade. She had an immense load— 2,000 soldiei-s, in-
cluding many prisoners from Andersonville, etc. There were also
many other jiassengers and a full crew, and much freight. She
stopped at Memphis to unload 100 barrels of sugar. Passing on
up the river, she exi)lodod her boiler April 9, 1865, about seven
miles above Memphis, hurling the pilot house and a part of the

HISTORY OK RANDOLPH COUNW.

281

cabin high into the air. Many were biiriod in the debris, and
many plungod into the river. The explosion ocom-red in the
widest pai't of the channel, and comparatively few were saved.
The steamer Bostona, a mile distant, came to the scene of tho
MTeek and rescued a considerable number. The ironclad Essex
came up from Memphis and saved sixty. Oirtof "2,200 on board,
only 000 survived that ten-ible cat;vstroplie. Some floated down
the river past Memphis and were picked np. In a few seconds after
the explosion, the ill-fated vessel was all on fire. She burned to
the water's edge, and sank near the Arkansas shore. Forty of
the members of the Seventh Cavalry wore on lioard the Sultana,
and only one out of them all escaped.

SKETCH OF OFFICERS.

The following list is as complete and as accurate as the in-
formation at hand will permit. It is hoped that the errors, if
any, are not important It lias been the intention to annex to
the name of each officer his highest title, as also his present resi-
dence, or business, or both, when it is within the knowledge of

HeuiT Ammerman, Second Lieutenant Company C, Nine-
teenth Regiment, belongs to Jay County, Ind.

James Addington, Second Lieutenant Company F, Fifty fifth
Regiment, is a resident of Randolph County.

Thomas Addington, Chaplain Eighty- fourth Regiment, cler-
gyman and farmer, I'ranklin Township.

Robert Anderson, First Lieutenant Company ( i, One Hun-
dred and Sixth Regiment.

Thomas M. Browne. Brigadier General by brevet, mombor of
Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses, resides at
Winchester, Ind.

George W. Bruce, Siu'geon of the One Hundred and Forty -
seventh Regiment, is a physician of long standing at Winches-
Richard Bosworth, Assistant Siu'geon Thirty-sixth Regi-
ment, practicing physician at Winchester, Ind.

George H. Bimebrake, Major, Sixty-ninth Regiment, was in
business at Noblesville, Ind., now in California.

Charles W. Bachfield, Second Lieutenant Company C, Sixty-
ninth Regiment, is a silversmith at Elwood, Madison Co., Ind.

William Burris, Major Eighty-foiu'th Regiment, resides at
Farmland, Ind.

George W. Branham, Captain Company B. One Hundred and
Nineteenth Regiment (Seventh Cavalry), resiiles at Union City,
Ind.

Wilson J. Baker, Commissary, One Hundred and Twenty-
first Regiment.

William F. Bright, Second Lieutenant Company B, One Hun-
dred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, resides in Randolph County,
Ind.

Joseph A. Bunch, First Lieutenant Com)iany G, One Hun-
dred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, is a lumber-dealer, Union
City, Ind.

Ezra W. Bond, Second Lieutenant Company F, One Hun-
dred and Fortieth Regiment, is a carpenter at Baxter Sjiriugs,
Kan.

John Bidlack, Second Lieutenant Company I, One Hundred
and Forty-seventh Regiment, resides in Celina, Ohio, and is a

Silas Colgrove, Brigadier General by brevet, ex-Judge of
Twenty-fifth Judicial District of Indiana, practicing attorney,
resides at Winchester, Ind.

Joseph Cook, Captain Company C, Nineteenth Regiment, died
February 19, 18(j:i

W. M. Campbell, Captain Company I, Nineteenth Regiment,
es-SherifT of Randolph County, fanner and trader, Spartansburg,
Ind.

Theodore F. Colgrove, Lieutenant Colonel One Hundred and
Forty-seventh Regiment, is a practicing attorney at Winchester.
Ind.

James N. Cropper, First Lieutenant, Company D, Sixty-ninth
Regiment, handles school furniture at Muncie, Imi

Nathan B. Coggeshall, Second Lieutenant, Residuary Bat-

talion, Company D, Sixty-ninth Regiment, physician. County
Commissioner of Randolph County, elected in 18S0.

William Commons, Surgeon, naval service, practicing physi-
cian at Union City, Ind.

George U. Carter, Lieutenant Colonel, Eighty-fourth Regi-
ment, is a business man at Winchester, Ind.

EbeUezor T. Chaffee. Adjutant Eighty-fourth Regiment, is
railroad agent for Muncie & Fort Wa\'ne Railroad at Hartford,
Ind.

Jonathan Cranor, Colonel of Fortieth Ohio Regiment, busi-
ness man at Winchester, Ind.

Edward Calkins, First Lieutenant Company H, One Hun-
dred and Nineteenth, attorney, used to reside at Rochester, Ind.,
now in Colorado.

William M. Cox, Captain Company F, One Hundi-ed and
Thirty-fourth Regiment, is a farmer, residing east of A\' inchester.
Robert P. Davis, Assistant Sm-goon Eighty-foiurth Regiment,
practicing physician. Jay County. Auditor Jay County, Ind.

W. A. W.' Daly, First Lieutt^nant. Conipany B. Ninetieth
Regiment, ex-Sheriff of Randolph County, f aniier in A\'ashing-
ton Township.

Joab Driver, First Lieutenant Company F, One Hundred
and Thirty -fourth Regiment, Farmland, farmer and car[)enter.

Charles A. Dresser, Quartwmastor One Hundred and Thir-
tieth Regiment, died in Now Mexico some year or two ago.

Mareellus B. Dickey, Captain Company H, One Huntlred and
Forty-seventh Regiment, resides in Kansas.

Amos Evans, Second Lieutenant Company E, Eighty-fourtli
Regiment.

Massena Englo, First Lieutenant Company H, Eighty- fourth

Regiment, is a farmer two and a half miles south of Winchester.

Stanley W. Edwins, Assistant Sm-geon One Hundred and

Twenty-fourth Regiment, lives in Madison County. Ind. ; has

been several terms a member in the Legisliiture of Indiana.

Edmund Engle, Captain Company H, One Hundred and
Twenty -fourth, is a merchant in Winchester, Ind.

Reuben B. Farra, Captain Company I', Fifty-fifth Regiment,
resides at Soldiers' Homo, Dayton, Ohio.

David Ferguson, Assistant Sm-geon Sixty-ninth Roginienf,
jwacticing physician at Union City, Ind.

Francis French, Second Lieutenant Company E, Sixty-ninth
Regiment.

Joseph S. Fisher, Captain Company E, Eighty-fourth R(>g-
iment, resides in Allegheny City, Penn., engaged in the lumlxu-
biisiness.

Francis M. Fleckenger. First Lieutenant Conipany 1',.
Eighty-fourth Regiment, killed coming home, at the close of tlie
war, by a railroad in Tennessee.

William H. Focht, Captain Company H, Eighty -fourth Regi-
ment, wind-mill maker, Winchester, Ohio.

Benjamin Farley, Captain Company C. Ninetieth R(>gimeut,
Fifth Cavalry, became blind, died not long ago at Union City,
Ind.

Franklin Ford, Second Lieutenant Company A, One Hmidrod
and Forty-seventh Regiment, was Sheriff of Randol]>h County,
and died eight or nine years ago, while in office.

Jacob S. GroshauB, First Lieutenant Company H, One Hun-
dred and T»renty-fourth Regiment, did reside in Union City.

Isaac P. Gray, Colonel Seventy-seventh Regiment. Lieuten
ant (lovemor of Indiana, Governor of Indiana by the death of
Gov. Williams during winter of JS80; practicing attorney at
Union City.

Abraham V. Garrett, Captain Company G, One Hundred and
Sixth Regiment.

Nathan Garrett, Commissary, One Hundi-ed and Nineteenth
Regiment, died some years ago in Randolph County, an old man;
buried in Huntsville Cemetery.

R. W. Hamilton, Captain Company C, Nineteenth Regiment,
practicing physician at Lynn, Ind.

James E. Huston, Captain Company C, Sixty-ninth Regi-
ment, farmer, resides two miles north of Winchester, Ind.

Thomas Hollingsworth, First Lieutenant, Company E, Sixty-
ninth Regiment.

282

][ISTOUY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

E. M. Ivps, First Li<'ut.cnant C<.in|>:uiy C. Kightli, throo
months, is tin attorney ;tt law at ]'\irinlanil, Ind.

Joseph T. Ives, Captain Compimy A, Twentieth Regiment
re-organized, is engaged in the flax-soed oil business at Richmond,
Ind.

Elisha Johnson, Second Lioutenaut Company E, Fifty-sev-
<!nth Regiment.

Joseph R. Jackson. Captain, Residuary Batt^ilion, Company
IJ, Sixty uinUi Regiment, ex-Postmaster at Union City, Ind. ,
real estate dealer and agent

Jacob A. Jackson, First Lieutenant Company C. One Hun-
dred and Twenty-first Regiment (Ninth Cavalry)."

Samuel G. Kearney, Captain Coiiij.any ]•:, Thirty sixth Regi-
ment (probably Ix^louged to Delaware County).

Benjamin 1'. Kemp, First Lieutenant Company E, Eighty-
fourth Regiment, farmer, resides in Jackson Township.

Isaiah W. Kemp, Second Lieutenant Company H, Eighty-
fuiuth Regiment, fanner and business man, AVhite River Town-
ship.

Th<imas S. Kennou, Fii-st Lieutenant. Com[mny H. One Hun-
dred ivnd Twenty-foiu-th Regiment, farmei-and stock-dealer, Bar-
tonia, Ind.

Thomas J. Lee, Captain of Company C, iMghth Itcgiment,
three months, died yeju-s ago.

Cornelius Longfellow, Captain Comjiany E, Si.Kty-niiith Reg
iment.

William M. Locke, Second Lieutenant Company K, One
Hundred and Ninth Regiment, in busiup.sH at Noblusvifle, Ind.

Jolm Lof'h, First Lieutenant Company K, One Hundred and
Ninth Regiment, at Hollansbrng, Ohio.

Sylvester L. Lewis. Ca]itain Company B, One Hnn(h-od and
Nini^teenth. railroad agent at Fort Wayne, luil.

\V. W. Macy, (Japtain Company A, Twentieth Regiment re-
organizo<t, late Sherift'of Randolph County, farmer west of Win-
chester. (31erli,-^hiii Washington C3ity.

Robert H. Abngau, First Lieutenant Company D, Fifty-sev-
enth RegimenI, pnieticing physician at S|.art;ii)slmi-g. Ind.

.lacobS. .Monteith, A.sslsta'ul Snrgeni, Sixtv-niiitli Kc-riment,
lived at Lviin. Iml, and died at Ih.' <-lo„. ,,f Ihr \vai-.

John k. Martin. First Lieut, ■!, ant Company C, Sixty-ninth
Regiment, vc.-i.ii-. at \\'iu('hester. brick-iiianufactiu'er and poet.

Martin 15. Miil-i. Culwia'! Eighty-fourth Regiment, practic-
ing attorney at W iiiciir-f.r. Ind.

.lohn \V. .Mac'\. S ud Lieutenant Com])anv A. Eighty-
fourth Regiment, "latn Oiuutv CUrk. Kan.lolpli Cmiitv.

John A. -Moor.-nan. Quartenuasfcr Oih' llundivd and Seven-
teenth Regiment, clergyman an.l Imsin.-s- in.m. Farmland. Ind.

Je.sse May, Ca])tiin Compan^ I!. ()n< Hun.lred and Twentv-
fom-th Regiment, die.l in ISC.ti. at W inrl,..ster.

Oliver M. Mills. Second Li.ut.'uant Company F. One Hun-
dred and Thirty- fourth Regim,.nt. resi,l,.s iicar'HuntsviUe and

Andrew J. Nofl'. Brigadier General by bre\et. Oreencastle,
Ind., busine.ss agent.

Allen O. Nell', Second Lieutenant Company G, Eighth Reg-
iment, three months, died at Decatm'. Ind.. in the spring of ISSL

Joel A. Newman, First Lieutenant, Company C, Nineteenth
Regiment, <'x- Sheriff of Randolph County, farmer in Washing-
ton ToAvnship.

Isaac M. Nichols, First Lieutenant, Company I'j, Sixty-ninth
llegiment, late Township Trustee, farmer near Spartansburg,
Ind.

Henry H. Neff. Lieutenant Colonel One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Regimtint, business man at Wiut^hester, Ind.

James L. NetV, Captain Companv H, One Hundred and
Tweuty-fonrth Regiment, kille<l March "lO, ISOr., at Wise's Forks,
N. C, in action.

Alvin M. Owi'ns, First Lieutenant Clom]iany D, One Hun-
ch-ed and I'ifth Regiment, was Treasurer of Randolph County,

Stanton J. Feolle, Second Lieutenant Company K, Fifty
seventti Regiment, practicing attorney at Indianapolis, member
of Congress elected, 1 880.

Robert C. Porter, First Lieutenant Company C, Sixty-ninth
Regimunt, A\'inche8t<n-, carpenter,

Daniel Parshall, Second Lieutenant Company G, On<i Hun-
dred and Sixth Ib'giment.

Cyrus \j. Polly, Seccmd Lieutenant Company B, Om^ Hun-
di-ed and Nineteenth Regiment gone to Minnesota.

Nelson Pegg, Captain Company A, One Hundred and Forty
seventh Regiment, resides in White Rivor Township, and is a
farmer.

William M. Reeves, First Lieutenant, Cc^mpany F, Sixty
ninth Regiment, marshal. Union City, Ind.

John Ross. Captain Company D, Si-xty-ninth Regiment, re-
sides at Winchester. Ind.. sheriff bSSl'.

Joseph E. Ruhl, First Lieutenant Company E, Eighty-fourth
Regiment, used to reside at Now Pittsburg, Randolph County,
has removed.

George H. Russell, Assistant Surgeon Ninetieth Regiment.

Sherrod W. Reece, First Lieutenant Company B, One Hundre<t
and Twenty -fourth Regiment, Nebraska, farmer.

George W. H. Riley, Lieutenant Colonel, One Hundred and
Thirty-foiurth Regiment, resides at GeD,eva, Ind.

George D. S. Reece, Captain Comptiny A, One Hundred and
Thirty- fom-th Regiment, resides on a fanu on AVhite River, alwve
Muucie, in Delaware County.

George Slack. Second Lieutenant Company E, Fifty seventh
Regiment, near Bnona Vista, farmer.

Adam I! Sinmion>^. First Lieutenant Company C, Seventy-
first Regin.r.it (Sixth Ciyalry). Kansas, physician.

H. Taylor Seiuans, !• irst Lieut cnantCompany A, Eighty-foui-th
RegiuK^nt, ex-County Clerk, Randolph Countv. business man at
Winchester, Ind.

C!linton D. Smith, Second Lieutenant Company D, Eighty-
fourth Regiment. Ili'ralil printing office, Winchester, Ind.

William L. Steele. s<;c(md Lieutenant Companv H, Eighty-
foiu'th Regiment died :\ray ](1. 18(i;i

George W. Shreev<.«, First Lieutenant Company B, One Hun-
dreil and Nineteenth Regiment, resides in Chicago.

Reuben H. Sparks. Chaplain of One Hundred and Twenty
fourth Regiment, Methodist clergyman, itinerant and circuit-
Peter M Shultz. Second Lieutenant Comjiany H. One Hun-
di'ed and 'I'wenty-fourth Regiment. Spartansburg, farmer.

James H. Smith, First Lieutenant Company C, One Hun-
dred and Fortieth Regiment.

Asahel Stone. Stiite Quartermaster General, ivsides at Win-
chester, Ind, ; is a banker.

Willis H Twiford. Surgeon Twenty-seventh Regim.>nt phy
sician in Minnesota.

Levi Thornbiirg, Second Lieutenant Company E. Fifty-sev-
enth Regiment, in Iowa, farmer and blacksmith.

Asa Teal, Captain Company G, One Himdred and Twenty-
fourth Regiment, business man in AVinehester. Ind.

(ieorge W. Tl.ompson, Chaplain One Hundred and Forty-
seventh Regiment, is a clergyman and physician; resided at Ken-
dallvill(\ Ind.. but returned, in the fall of 1.^81. to Union City.
Ind.. his former residence.

Isaac Aan Nnys. Captain Company D. Fifty-seventh Regi-
ment, resides at Bethel, Wayne Co., Ind.

Micluiel P. Voris. Second Lieutenant Companv B. One Hun-
dred and Sixth Kegiment died at AA'iuchest<u- some years ago
from a hurt \yitli a base ball club on his foot.

Jesse AV. \\'ay. I^'irst Lieutenant Com])any G, Eighth, three
years, resides at Oakland. Cal.

John S. Way, Captain Comi)auy K, One Hundred and Ninth
Regiment, is Deputy Coimty Clerk at Independence, Kan.

Hem-y T. Warren, First Lieutenant Company E, Eiglity-
fonrth Regiment, resides in Cincinnati.

Levi Wolf, Second Lieutenant Company H, One Hundred
and Fourth, blacksmith. Union City, Ohio.

S. C. Weddington, Assistant Sui'geon One Hundi'ed and
Forty seventh Regiment, is a physician at Jonesborti, Ind.
I Edmund B. 'Wan-en, First Lieutenant Company A, One Hun-
I dred and Forty-seventh Regiment, resides at Cincinnati, Ohio.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Francis M. Way, Captain Company B, One Hundred and
Nineteenth Regiment, ex-Postmaster at Winchester, Ind. ; re-
moved to Minnesota intlie summer of -IHSl, but returned to Win-
chester in a few months; now resides at that place.

DEATH or SOLDIERS, RANDOLPH COUNTY.

We group in one place the names of soldiers who died while
belonging to the anny, so far as information is to be found. The
arrangement is alphabetical for convenient reference:

Samuel Armstrong, Ninth Regiment, Company C, died May
23, 1865.

George Allman (belongs to Jay County), Nineteenth Regi-
ment, Company C, died October 11, 18(')2, of wounds received at
Antietam, Md.

Eli Abernathy, Nineteenth Regiment, Com))any C, died Oc-
tober 5, ]861.

John E. Anderson, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed
at Antietam, Md., September 17. 1802.

Calvin W. Arnold, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company D,
killed at Stone River, Tenn., December .31, 18G2.

Jackson Anderson, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died
December 9, 1802.

Oliver Adkins, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died Feb-
ruary 12, 1863.

John Addington, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Lookout Mountain, Ga. , of wounds, September 2, 1864.

Henry Addington, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H, died
at Nashville, Tenn., October 7, 1863.

William W. Albright, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E,
died February G, 1864.

James Abernathy, Eighty-fom-th Regiment, Company H, died
at Nashville, Tenn., July 12, 1863.

Henry C. Brandon, Eighth Regiment, Company G (three
years), wounded at Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1803; died May
5, 1863.

Alexander Burk, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863.

Amer J. Bales, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E, died at
Nashville, Tenn., April" 16, 1802.

William Brewer, Sixtj'-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Memphis, Tenn., December 2, 1862.

Jonathan Brown, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C. died at
Young's Point, La., March 11, 1863.

Martin V. Beard, Company D, Sixty-ninth Regiment, died
February 3, 1863.

William T. Botkin, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died
February 12, 1863.

Jesse S. Byrd, Sixtv-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Port Gibson, Miss., May 2, 1863.

Madison Beverlin, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died
at Young's Point, La., April 3, 1863.

Abner Bales, Sixty- ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Young's Point, La., February 14, 1863, of disease.'

Jackson Bishop, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died
April 1, 1863.

Elbert Bragg, Eighty- fourth Regiment, Company E, missing
in action, Chickamauga, Tenn. , September 20, 1863.

Andrew J. Bragg, Eighty-fovirth Regiment, Company E.
died May 27, 1864.

Edwin Burnsley, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H, died
at Nashville, Tenn., December 20, 1863.

Henry Brown, Eighty-fourth, Company I, killed at Nashville.
Tenn., December 12, 1864.

Thomas N. Barnes, Ninetieth Regiment, Company B, died in
Andersonville Prison August 15, 1864.

William Brown, Ninetieth Regiment, Company B, died at
Indianapolis November 14, 1862.

Daniel Brittain, Ninetieth Regiment, Company C, died at
Nashville, Tenn., October 8, 1804.

Orin Barber, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Com-
pany B, died at Memphis, Tenn. , June 1, 1 804.

Albert T. Butler, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment,
Company A, died at home March 16, 1865.

James Chandler, Company H, Sixth Regiment (three years),
died October 1, 1863, of wounds at Chickamauga.

Reuben Clark. Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Gettysburg, Penn., July 1. 1863.

William A. Crouch, Twenty-first Regiment, Company C, died
December 5, 1804.

Thomas J. Calvin, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died
at New Orleans. La., September 12, 1.S64.

Richard J. Corrv, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Port Gibson, Miss.," May i, 1863.

George W. Caty, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died
March 14, 1863.

Joohua Cate, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Memphis, Tenn., March 15, 1863.

Joel Cook, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at Jack
son. Miss., July 12, 1863, disease.

John H. Clark, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E. died Oc-
tober 2, 1862, wounds.

Thomas Cox, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Milliken's Bend, La., June 28, 1803, of diseasa

Oriister R. Caty, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E. died (m
the day of his discharge. May 22, 1864.

William Clough, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, killed
at Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1863.

George W. Chenoweth, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F.
died May 14, 1863.

Thomas Coril, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, died .)f
wounds December 8, 1803.

Charles B. Clove, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company K,
killed at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1863.

Joseph L. Coffin, One Hundi-ed and Nineteenth Regiment,
Company E, died at Indianapolis November 12, 1863.

Benjamin Cobey, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company G, died at Union City, Ind., February L, 1864.

John Conner, One Hundred and Twenty- fourth Regiment,
Company G, died at Atlanta, Ga., October 4, 1864.

Elihu Coates, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company H killed near Atlanta, Ga., August .^>, 1804.

Gilbert L. Cox. One Hundred and Twenty fourth Regiment,
Company H, died at Altoona, Ga., June 27, 1804.

John T. Carson, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment.
Company A, died at Indianapolis March 7, 1805.

Willmore Cook (colored), died in service.

George Denny, Twenty-first Regiment, Company F, di°d at
New Orleans February 20, 1805.

■William G. Densmoro, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D,
died January 25, 1804.

Robert E. Daly, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Richmond, Ky., of wounds, October 10, 1863.

Thomas H. Downing, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F,
died May 14, 1803, of wounds.

William C. Diggs, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Cassville, Va., January 25, 1803.

Elias Dull, Eighty-fom-th Regiment, Company A, died at
Ashland, Ky.. December 31, 1862.

Benjamin Doty, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, killed
at Lovejoy Station. Ga., September 2, 1864.

Henry Dick, Eighty fourth Regiment, Company E, died of
wounds July 5, 1804.

Patterson P. Dodd, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H,
died at Nashville, Tenn., Janua'ry 1, 1864.

William L. Dudley, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
ment, Company B, died at Knoxville, Tenn., July" 20, 1804.

George R. Driver, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
ment, Company G, died at Nashville, Tenn., December 22, 1864.
Isaac W. Elliot. I'ifty-seventh Regiment, Company D, died
of wounds December 28. 1863.

Warren Elzroth, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company D.
killed in battle November 30, 1864.

Eli Edwards, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died near
Milliken's Bend January 6, 1863.

George W. Evans, Eighty- fourth Regiment, Company K, died
October 25, 1863.

284

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

John M. Engleliart, One Hundred and Twenty-lirst Regi
ment, Company C, diod at Memphis, Tenn. , May 9, 1805.

John Ensmiuger, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi
ment, Company B, died at Chattanooga. Tenn., May 31, 1864-.

John French, Eighth Regiment (tliree years), Company G.
diod at Union City, Ind.

Josiah French, Ninth Regiment, Company I, died oi disease
at Nashville, Tenn., January 5, 1805.

Jasper L. Fry, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
SpotLsylvania, Va., May 12, 1804.

Peter L. Foiist, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Gettysburg, Penn.. July 1. 1S(');5.

Thornton Freeman, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Compai-v D,
killed at Stone River, Tenn., December 31, 1862.

Joseph S. Frazier, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died
in hospital at Baton Rouge, La., January 1, 1803, of disease.

Samuel Gantz, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died at
Nashville, Tenn., December 29, 1804

Joseph Gray, Eighty-ninth Regiment, Company E, killed at
Yellow Cayou, La., May 18, 1804.

Andrew J. Goodman, On" Hundred and Twenty fourth Reg-
iment, Company H, died at Richmond, Ind., March 21, ]804.

Abner Hinahaw, Eighth Regiment (three years), Company
G, diod at St. Louis, Mo., of disease, January 7, 18(13.

William Hoover, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Gettysbui-g, Tenn. , July 1 , 1803.

James H. Hamm, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed
at South Mountain September 14, 1802.

William A. Howren, Twentieth Regiment, Company A, died
of wounds received at Petei-sburg, October 18, 1804.

Charles C. Heck, Thirty-fourth Regiment, Company B, died
at Brazos Santiago, Texas, January 17, 1805.

John Hartman, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company C, died
near Union City, Ind., March 19,1804, buried in Union City
Cemeterj-.

John House, Fifty-seventh Regiinent, Company C, died at
Louisville, Ky. , January 13, 1802.

Eli Hiatt, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E, died at Shi-
loh, Tenn.. May 15, 1802.

Ira Hanks. Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E, killed at
Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1804.

Benjamin ¥. Hill, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died
at New Orleans, La., October. (5, 1804.

Jasper Hastings, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Milliken's Bend, on Mississipj>i River, Ajiril 10, 1803.

Daniel S. Hoggatt. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died
at home.

James M. Hoggatt, Sixtv-ninth Regiment. Company C. died
at Black River Bridge, Miss.. July 20, 1803.

Asa J. Haynes, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died Jan-
uary 4, 1803.

Henry Hill, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at St.
Louis, Mo. , February 5, I8(i3.

John Harness, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, drowned
in Alabama,Rl»er April 22, 1805.

Solomon:'^ Harter. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, killed
at Fort Blakely, Ala., April 0, 18((5.

Edward H. Hai'lan, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
March 27, 1803.

Nathan Hiatt, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, killed
at (Jhickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1803,

Elwood HaiT's, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
July 20, 1804.

Michael Hubbard. Eighty-fourth Regiment. Company A, died
July 20, 1804.

John Heffern, Eighty-fom-th Regiment, Company A, died at
Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 20, 18li3.

Moses Heron, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died at
Nashville, Tenn., Septemper 5, 1863.

Peter Harshman, Eighty-fourth Regiment. Company H. diod
in AndorsonviUe Prison, Ga., September 12, 1804.

Elwood Hall, Ninetieth Regiment, Company B. died at In-
dianapolis November 14, 1802.

Jonathan H. Harris. Ninetieth Regiment, Companj' B, died
at Camp Nelson. Ky.. January 21, 1863.

Abram Hunt, Ninetieth Regiment, Company B,died at home
February 20, 18<')4.

Elias Heffine, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Com-
pany B. died at Memphis, Tenn., March 7, 1804.

Alfred Hall, One Himdred and Nineteenth Regiment, Com-
pany B, died at Memphis, Tenn., March 7, 1864.

Eli J. Harris, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company H, died near Atlanta, Ga.. August 0, 1804.

Thomas 0. Holloway. One Hundred and Thirtieth Regiment,
Company I, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., June 7, 1804.

John T. Jenkins, Eighth Regiment (three years), Company
G, killed at Opequan, Va., September 19, 1864.

Richard E. Jenkins, Eighth Regiment (three years). Com-
pany G, died at St. Louis, Mo., of disease, April 10* 1803.

Daniel B. Johnson, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
November 5, 1801.

Alexander Jones, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E, died
at Corinth, Miss., May 19, 1862.

W. H. H. Johnson, Sixty -ninth Regiment, Company C, died
at Vicksbiu-g, Miss., August 11, 1803.

Joshua Jessup, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died on
hospital i)oat.

Jonas Johnson, killed at Poi-t Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1803.

John W. Johnson, Ninetieth Regiment, Company C, killed
at Blouutsville, Tenn., September 22, 1863.

Francis M. Johnson, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment,
Company B, died at White's Station, Tenn., August 3, 1804.

W. P. Jessuji, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment.
Company H, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., April 27, 1804.

William H. Kepler. Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
at Washington City October 19, ISOl, of disease.

Enoch Kelly, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died at
Washington Cily January 8, 1803.

Francis W. Kolp, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H, killed
at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 18()3.

Benjamin Kitzrailler, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company K.
died December 11, 1804, of disease.

William Kennon, One Hundi-edand Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company Cr, died at Union City. Ind., Februaiy 1, 1804, of
wounds.

John Kizer, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, Com-
pany H. died at Marietta, Ga., April 28, 1804, of disea-se; bur-
ied in Mai-ietta National Cemetery.

Robert W. Linton, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, wound-
ed at Gainesville, Va., died April 9, 1803.

Albert P. Leavell, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company C,
killed at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 18, 1804.

William H. L.isley, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E,
died at Corinth, Miss.,' May 12, 1862, of disease.

Frederick M. Lasley, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C,
killed at Mobile, Ala., by ai-senal explosion. May 25, 1805.

Nelson R. Lowdcr. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
of wounds May 14, 1S63.

Joel Locke. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, killed at
Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss., December 31, 18()2.

Elijah Lambert, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Comapny F, killed
at Thomson's Hill, Miss.. May 1. 1S03.

James AV. Landon, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company K,
died August 18, 1863, of disease.

Miles O. Long, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment,
Company I. died May 10, 1865.

Abraham Ludy, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, died
JuneO, 1863.

Chai-les MoGuire. Eighth Regiment (three years), Company
G, died of disease at St. Louis, Mo., February 22, 1803.

Anthony Mincer, Eighth Regiment (thi-ee yeai-s). Company
G. died, from wounds at Vicksbui-g, Miss,, June 7, 1863.

James McFetridge, Ninth Regiment. Company C, died Juno
17. 1805. of disease.

William Marshall. Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
at Indianapolis.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

285

Samuel A. McNees, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
September 23, 1862; wounded at Gainesville, Va.

Patrick McMahan, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, wound-
ed at Gainesville, died October 16, 1862.

John Q. A. Moffitt, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
at Washington City November 21, 1801.

William Miller, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died,
from wounds at Gainesville, Va., Sejitember 7, 1862.

Anderson P. McNees, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C,
lulled at Laurel Hill, Va,, May 0, 1804.

Joab Miller, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at An-
tietam, Md., September 17, 1862.

Uriah B. Murray, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed
at Gainesville, Va., September 7, 1802.

Nathan B. Maxwell (from Jay County), Nineteenth Regiment,
Company C, died at Washington City, of disease, December 12,
1862.

Henry Marshall, Twentieth Regiment, Company A, died at
Salisbury Prison, N. C, February 28. 1865.

William L. Miller, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company C, died
at Nashville, Tenn., April 17, 1862.

John C. McCarty, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company D, died
at Chattanooga, Term.. July 7, 1804.

John Mon-is, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company's, died at
Louisville, Ky., July 28, 1804.

William Morris, P'iJEty-seventh Regiment, Company E, died
at Knoxville, Tenn., October 7, 1803.

Peter Meachum, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Memphis, Tenn., January 1,1863.

James W. Morrison, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, killed
at Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1862.

Henry May, Sixty- ninth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Vieksbiirg, Miss., May 22, 1803.

Henry Mayer, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died March
26, 1863, at Memphis, Tenn.

John Morgan, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died Sep-
tember 10, 1802, wounds.

Isaac Mann, fSixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, di-owned in
Mississippi River Jime 18, 1804.

Levi Matchett. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
March 6, 1863.

Peter E. Matchett, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
July 13, 1802,

Daniel E. Miller, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
March 6, 1803, of disease.

Noah Martin, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died at
Chattanooga, Tenn., October 14, 1803, of disease.

William Mendenhall, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A,
died of wounds, at Chattanooga, Tenn., October 0, 1863.

Daniel W. McCamy, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A,
died at Franklin, Tenn., May 13, 1803, of disease.

Andrew Miller, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Nashville, Tenn., August 15, 1803, of disease.

John T. Miller, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, died
January 5, 1804.

George Manes, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, died at
Catlettsburg. Ky., November 28, 1862,

Edwin E. Malott, Eighty- fourth Regiment, Company E,
killed at Kenesaw, Ga., June 23, 1864.

William Murray, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, died
January 25, 1864.

James McGill, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company E, killed
at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 10, 1805.

John S. Morrison, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H, died
at Catlettsburg, Ky., December 7, 1802.

John N. Murray, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company G, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., August 15, 1804.

Leander S. Murray, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
ment, Company G, died at Bridgeport, Ala, .\pril 20, 1864.

Joseph L. Moffitt, One Hundred and Twenty- fourth Regi-
ment, Company G, died at Marietta, Ga., August 10, 1864.

John R. Mote, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company H, died at Knoxville, Tenn., August 8, 1864.

Manuel D. Miller, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
ment, Company H, died at Louisville, Ky., April 3, 1864.

James H. Murray, One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment,
Company F. died at Murfreesboro. Teun. , of disease, January 1,
18f)5, buried at National Cemetery at Murfreesboro.

James Nicholas, Ninth Regiment, Company C, died January ■
15, 1805, of disease.

Curtis L. Neal, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died in
rebel prison, Cahaba, Ala., November, 1803.

James L. Neff, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Captain Company H, killed at Wise's Forks, N. C, March 10, 1865.

Daniel B. Oren, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company J>, died
May 25, 1803.

William Odell, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, missing
since battle of Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1802.

Thomas H. Parker, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
at Washington City, of disease, November 21, 1861.

Asahel S. Peacock, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company E,
died at Camp Denison, Ohio, of disease. May 15, 1802.

William H. Pierce, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died
^t Memphis, Tenn., of disease. May 9, 1803.

Joseph Parmer, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, killed at
Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1802.

William Piatt, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
Milliken's Bend, La., of disease, June 9, 1863.

John Pearsonett, SixtA'-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
New Orleans, La., of disease; September 21), 1803.

Wilson S. Peden, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
March 14, 1863.

Peter J. Poiner, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company I, died at
Catlettsburg, Ky., November 24, 1863.

Daniel Phillabaum, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company K,
died May 2, 1863, of disease.

Alfred Pickett, Eighty-foui'th Regiment, Company A, died at
Chattanooga, Tenn., November 5, 1863.

Thomas A. Poage, Eighty fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Ashland, Ky. , December 31, 1862, of disease.

Zachariah Puckett, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment,
Company B, died at Memphis. Tenn., Febniary 5, 1805.

Orville B. Peterson, One Hundred and Nineteenth Reo-iment,
Company B, died at home July 30, 1804. °

Elias G. Quickie, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died
November 29, 1803.

Michael' Rariden, Eighth Regiment (three years). Company
G, died at Union City, Ind., December 20, 1863.

Andrew J. Reeves, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died
at , February 8, 1802.

James Rynard, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Petersburg, Va., June 30, 1864.

Israel P. Rickard, Forty-seventh Regiment, Company B, died
at New Orleans September 14, 1865.

Robert F. Robison, Fifty-seventh, Regiment, Company E,
killed at Kenesaw, Ga., June 23, 1804,

Robert P. Russell, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died
at Richmond, Ky. , September 10, 18(52, of wounds.

Myron Ross, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died Jan-
uary 16, 1803, at Memphis, of disease.

James M. Rupe, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, died
April 2, 1803.

Henry C. Re.ynolds, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died
on hospital boat at Memphis, February 27, 1803,

Wilson C, Rouch, Eighty-foiu-th Regiment, Company A, killed
by accident April 9, 1862.

Felix Ryan, One Hundred and Twenty- fourth Regiment,
Company B. died at Knoxville, Tenn., August 24, 1864. °

Simon W. Ross, One Hundi-ed and Twenty- fourth Regiment.
Company F, died at Bridgeport, Ala, July 2, 1804, of disease.

James A. Ramsey, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
ment, Company G, died at Nashville, Tonn. , July 7, 1804.

Joseph Stack, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, died at
AVashington City February 23, 1862.

Christopher C. Starbuck, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C,
killed at Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1803.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

James Stickley, Nineteenth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863.

William H. Sutter, Nineteenth Eegiment, Company C, died
at Washington City September 0, 1801.

William Stoner, Forty-second Regiment, Company B, died at
Chattanooga, Tenn., April 1, 1805.

Simon B. Sermons, Fifty-seventh Regiment, Company D,
killed at Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1804.

William Segraves, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died
on Mississippi River January 3, 1803.

Preston Swain, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Milliken'8 Bend, La., March 11, 1803.

Andrew J. Stephens, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D,
killed at Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1802.

James C. Smith, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died of
wounds January "7, 1803.

A^'esley B. Stanley, Sixty -ninth Regiment, Com])any E, killed
at Vicksburg, Miss., May 22, 1803.

Franklin Slagle, Sixty-nintli Regiment, Comjjuny E, died at
Memphis, Tenn., of disease, February 15, 1803.

William Stegall, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at.
Milliken's Betid, La., of disease, March 31, 1803.

Aionzo R. Scott. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Comiiany F, died Jan-
uary 30, 1S03.

Joel Smith, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died Novem-
ber 2, 1803, of disease.

Daniel W. Shipley, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F,
drowned in Alabama River April 22, 1805.

David Snyder, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died at
Shell Mound, Ga., November 18, 1803.

William H, J. Spencer, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company
A, killed at Chickamauga, Tenn., September I'J, 1S03.

Josiah Shanefelt, Eighty- fourth Regiment, Company E, died
of wounds July 5, 1804.

Isaac Shull, Eighty-foiu-th Regiment, Company E, killed at
Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1803.

Wm. L. Steele, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H, pro-
moted Second Lieutenant, died at Franklin, Tenn., May 10, 1803.

James Shearer, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company H, died at Knoxville, Term., July lU 1804.

Henry H. Sweet, One Hundred and I'orty-seventh Regiment,
Company I, died at Indianapolis April 12, 1805.

Martin R. Thomas, Eighth Eegiment (three years). Company
G, died at AVinchester, Ind., of disease, August 10, 18(J2.

William Taylor, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Memphis, Tenn., December 10, 1802.

Lorenzo Thornburg, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D,
killed at Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1803.

Benjamin Throp, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment,
Company B, died at Memphis, Tenn., April 1, 1804.

Alvah Tucker, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Com-
pany B, died at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., May 30, 18(')4.

George C. Terrell, One Hundred and Twenty-fom-th Regi-
ment, Company H, died of wounds March 22, 1H05.

John T. Taylor, One Hundred and Forty seventh Eegiment,
Company I, died June 1, 1805.

August Uh'ich, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died at
Arkansas Post, Ark., January 13, 1803.

Jacob Van Gordon, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company K,
died August 15, 1804, of wounds.

Moses P. Veal, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company D, killed at
Thomson's Hill (Port Gibson), Miss., May 1, 1803.

Lorenzo D. Veal, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment,
Company C, di^d at Memphis, Tenn., March 8, 1805.

Henry Veal, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company E, died at
AVilliamsbui'g, Ind, September 20, 1803.

Henry T. Warner, Eighth Regiment, Company G, died at St.
Louis, Mo., of disease, October 10, 1802.

Samuel Wilson, Eighth Regiment, Company G, died at Hu-
mansville. Mo., of disease, November -— , 1801.

Samuel H. Webb, Eighth Regiment (three years). Company
G, died at Ridgeville, Ind., October 22, 1804, of wounds received
at Pea Ridge, Ark.

Charles Wood, Eighth Regiment, Company G, died at Hu-
mansville, Mo., of disease, November 12, 1802.

Isaiah Woodard, Ninth Regiment, Company K, died at Knox-
ville, Tenn,, April 30, 1805.

Thomas Webb, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, killed at
Richmond, Ky.. August 30, 1802,

Uriah Wright, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died on
hospital boat, February, 1803,

Charles Vickers, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company F, died
January 2, 1803.

Josiah Woodard, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Wartrace, Tenn,, August 11, 1803, of disease.

Joseph Wood, Eighty -fourth Regiment, Company A, killed
at Chickamauga, Tenn., September 20, 1863.

Valentine White, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company A, died
at Nashville, Tenn., May 24, 1803, of disease.

Clayborn West, Eighty-fom'th Regiment, Company H, died
April 10, 1S03.

George Woodbury, Eighty-fourth Regiment, Company H,
died at Franklin, Tenn,, April 19, 1803,

Henry T. Way, Eighty fourth Regiment, Company H, died
April 2(), 1803, Sergeant.

Willliam AValtou, Ninety-ninth Regiment, Company H, died
March 21, 18()3.

Luther C. Williamson, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regi-
ment. Company B, died at Memphis, Tenn., April 18, 1805.

Elijah Wood, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, Com-
pany B, died at home August 12. 1804.

Samuel Williams, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regi-
mont. Company G, died at Newton, Ind., October 12, 1804,

John R. Winship, One Humli-ed and Twenty-fourth Regi-
meut. Company H, killed at Wise's Forks, N, C, Mtirch 10,
1805,

J, P. Yarnell, Sixty-ninth Regiment, Company C, died Sep-
tember 1 , 1 S()2, of wounds, at Richmond, Ky.

John A. Zimmerman, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Reg-
iment, Company H, died at Indianapolis September 5, 1S04,

Arranged alphabetically as to names:

John Addingtim, Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana, died
September 12, 1804, aged twenty -throe years three months and
fifteen days, New Dayton Cemetery,

John E. Ballard, Company F, First Indiana Cavalry, died
October 24, 1804, twenty-nine years two months twenty-nine
days, Cherry Grove Cemetery.

William Botkin, Company D, Sixty-ninth Regiment, wound-
ed at battle of Richmond, Ky.; died at St. Louis, Mo., February
0, 1803, twenty-one yeai-s twenty-eight days; Union Chapel
Cemeterj', west of Bloomingport.

William H. Broughman, Company C, Eighth Eegiment Cav-
alry, died April 12, 1800, twenty years five months and eleven
days. Union City Cemetery.

John Bolender, served six years as a grenadier, throe years in
active service against Napoleon Bonaparte; died December 19,
1805, seventy-foiu- yeai's eleven months and twenty-seven days;
Winchester.

Lieut. Salathiel D. Colvin, in battles of Shiloh and Stone
River, wounded at Chickamauga, died at Chattanooga October 9,
1803, thirty-five years six months and eleven days; Salem
(Boundary) Cemetery.

Samuel Clevenger, Sr., soldier (probably) of 1812, June 7,
1807. eighty-one years, Zwingby Cemetery (near Windsor).

John A. Clevenger, soldier, died May 25, 1809, forty-thi-ee
years three months and twelve days, Windsor Cemetery,

William Cline. Revolutionai-y soldier, August 23, 1853, one
hundred and six years and seven months, cemetery east of North
Salem, Jackson Township.

John W. Cox, Company F, Thirty-sixth Indiana, enlisted
September 0, 1801, wounded at Chickamauga, died at Chatta-
nooga October 8, 1863. seventeen years seven months and twenty-
six days. Union Chapel, west of Bloomingport,

Cajjt, Craig, of some war not stated, supposed to be old.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

287

Jacob Cline, soldier, bom in 1797, died February 1, 1840,
forty-two years ten months and fifteen days, Windsor Ceme-

Johu M. Driskill, Company B, TJiirty-sixth Indiana, died at
Nelson's Fui-nace, Ky., February 26, 18(12, twenty-five years three
months and twenty-six days, Union Cemetery, near Windsor.

Simon Driskill, Company B, Thirty -sixth Indiana, died at
Nashville, Term, March 25, 18G2, twenty-three years five months
and twenty-five davs, Union Cemet«rv, near Windsor.

William S. Driskill, Company B," Thirty-sixth Indiana, died
December 31, 1802, twenty years six months and twenty-five days,
Union Cemetery, "Windsor.

John W. Dudley, Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana, died
December 2, 1870, thirty-throe years and ten months, Union
Cemetery, near Windsor.

John Dye, soldier (probably 1812), died June 8, 1830, forty-
four years five months and sixteen days, Windsor Cemetery.

Alfred Evans, Company H, One Hundied and Thirtieth Keg-
iment, died Ajiril 9, 1805, thirty-fom- years two months and four-
teen days, Fairview Cemetery.

William Engle, Thirty-sixth Indiana, wounded at Shiloh,
died May 2, 1802, aged twenty-one years four months and nine-
teen days. Union Chapel, west of Bloomingport, Ind.

William E. Fitzgerald, Revolutionary soldier, died February
15, 1861, one hundred and five years one month and fifteen days,
Mt. Zion Cemetorj'.

Thomas A. Gustin, Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Indiana, died October 20, 1864.

Nathan Garrett, soldier, died October 7, 1871, sixty-four
years ten months and eighteen days, Huutsville Cemetery.

Peter C. Gunckel, soldier in the wai- of 1801, died Februai-y
25, 1 877, thirty-six yeai-s and twenty-four days, Windsor Ceme-
tery.

John Hai'tman, First Sergeant, Company C, Fifty- seventh
Regiment, served two yoai-s and four months, died March 19,
1804, twenty-two years and three mouths. Union City Cemetery.

James Hays, soldier, born 1788, died September 10, 1874,
eighty-six years and sixteen days, Windsor Cemetery (probably
war of 1812).

David Heaston, born in Eockingham County, Va., came to
Randolph County, Ind, in 1819; soldier in war of 1812; died
December 18, 1805, seventy-one years ten months and fifteen
days, Winchester Cemeterj'.

Rev. Samuel Hardesty, soldier, died February 11, 1873.

Elijah Jamagin, soldier, died April 22, 1807, twenty-three
years two months and twenty-one days, Fairview Cemetery.

Robert M. Judy, soldier, died September 4, 1877, thirty-two
years and three days, Fairview Cemetery.

Daniel B. Johnson, Company C, Nineteenth Indiana, died
November 3, 1801, nineteen years nine months and eighteen days,
Liberty Cemetery.

Franklin L. Keever, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died
April 12, 1805, twenty -five years three months and twenty-five
days, Fairview Cemetery.

Benjamin G. Lamb, volunteered July 20, 1 802, in Company
D, Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiana, discharged June 3, 1805, died
August" 29, 1872, thirty-three years and one day, Huntsville
Cemetery.

Antony W. McKinney (war of 1812), born in Kentucky in
1794, died Axigust 20, 1373, seventy-nine years, Fairview Ceme-
tery.

Joseph McKinney, Revolutionary soldier, ninety years old;
date of death not given, Fairview Cemetery.

Lofing B. Morris, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died No
vember 15, 1804, twenty-one years one month and eight days,
Fairview Cemetery.

Granberry E. Nickey, Seventh Cavalry, died at Memphis
April 17, 1864, twenty-eight years and twenty-five days, Hite
nour's Cemetery.

Capt. J. LawTence Neff, Company H, One Hundred and
Twenty-fourth Indiana, commissioned March 2, 18(54; Resaca
to Atlanta, Franklin to Nashville; killed at Kingston, N. C, at
the head of his company, in the battle of Wise's Forks, March

10, 1805, twenty years two months and sixteen days, Winchester
Cemetery.

John N. Odle, soldier, died November 3, 1876, fifty- four years
and twenty- five days. Union Cemetery, near Windsor.

James Q. Odle, Company C, Thirty-ninth Indiana, wounded
at Shiloh, Tenn., died June 18, 1802, twenty-two years and thir-
teen days, Ritenour's Cemetery.

William Z. Pascall, Company C, Ninth Indiana Cavalry, died
in hosjiital at Indianapolis May 2, 1804, eighteen years seven
months and one day, Huntsville Cemetery.

Henry Pool, soidi^r, died August 30, 1878, forty-two years
six months and eight days.

Erastus H. Reed (son of Nathan Reed), Company F, One
Hundred and Thirty-fourth Regiment, died August 20, 1864,
eighteen years and ten months, Winchester Cemetery.

Thomas J. Rees, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, killed at
Pittsburg Landing April 7, 1802, twenty years nine months and
twenty-seven days, Fairview Cemetery.

James H. Surface, August 1, 1803, Company C, Sixty-ninth
Indiana, nineteen years eleven months and thirteen days, Mt.
Zion Cemetery.

Alexander S. Starbuck, Company C, Ninth Indiana Cavalry,
died at Indianapolis September 8, 1805, eighteen years three
months and one day.

Marvel G. Street, Company E, Thirty-sixth Indiana, died at
Murfreesboro, Tenn., April 22, 1863, thirty-five years four months
and four days, Fairview Cemetery.

Oliver Sullivan, Company A, Eighty-foiu-th Indiana, died
July 13, 1804, twenty-five years and four months, Fairview Cem-

Joel F. Smith, Company F, Sixty-ninth Indiana, died No-
vember 3, 1863, eighteen years five months and one day. Union
City Cemetery.

Lieut. W. L. Steele, Company H, Eighty-fourth Indiana, died
at Franklin, Tonn., May 10, 1803, thirty-seven years three months
and ten days, Winchester Cemetery.

William B. Thornbm-g, soldier, died November 20, 1874,
thirty-three years three months and twenty-six days. Union Cem-
etery, near Windsor.

Martin R. Thomas, Company G, Eighth Indiana (three years),
died August 3, 1862, twenty years ten months and seventeen days :
buried at Winchester Cemetery-.

James M. Wooster, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteers, died July 8,
1808, twenty-six years eigiit months aud one day, Union City
Cemetery.

Samuel Willson, soldier, born in 1798 (eighteen years old at
1812), died September 9, 1858, sixty years old, Windsor Ceme-
tery.

George Woodbury, Eighty-fourth Indiana, Company H, died
at Franklin, Tenn., April 18. 1803, thirty-one years seven months
and fourteen days, Fairview Cemetery.

Robert Willis, soldier of old ware, died February 22, 1877,
eighty-eight yeai-s old, born in 1789, Union Chapel, west of
Bloomingport.

Three soldiers without name or stone. Union Cemetery, near
Windsor.

Three soldiers, no name nor stone, Windsor Cemetery.

Soldier, particulars unknown, Winchester Cemetery.

INCIDENT.

A Captain in a certain regiment from Indiana sang out,
"Squad! Company! Stop! whoa! halt! God damn it!" A sol-
dier was so •• taken " with it that, for months and months after-
ward, whenever he saw that Captain, he would begin, " Squad,
company," etc. , " Cap " (he was a Sutler then) would reply,
" Come to the tent and get a cigar. You seem to think a thing
can never wear out! "

Though war is the pai'ent of vice, and wickedness of all kinds
flourishes in the army, yet, strange as it may seem, there was
much religious feeling and considerable activity under favoring
circumstances. In Shennan's camp on Black River, after the

288

HISTOUY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

capture of Vicksburg, lai'ge and impressive meetings were held,
and good religious work was done. A remarkable work com-
menced in Sherman's army during the Atlanta campaign, notably
in front of Kenesaw. Prayer was often heard, and many meet-
ings were held. In the six regiments of the brigade, ttj which
the Fifty-Keventh Indiana belonged, there was only one Chaplain,
yet there were many religious men. A brigade union church was
formed. OfiScers were chosen, and a preamble and resolutions
were adopted as a basis of action, pledging to a Christian faith
and practice, to flee from all vice, and from the special vices of
the camp. The officers were: President, James Lord, Fifty-
seventh Indiana; Recording Secretary, A. L. Kerwood, Fifty-
seventh Indiana; Corresponding Secretary, \V. W. Curnutt, For-
tieth Ohio. Revival meetings were held, hundreds attended, and
groat numbers joined that ' ' Union Church " in the camp at the
front. The organization was maintained throughout the rest of
the war. and, altogether, accomplished great good. It is pre-
sumed that like cases occurred in other portions of the Union
army, but not many others have come to our knowledge. In
Gen. Sherman's camp, when his army lay in summer (juarters
near Big Black Biver, religious meetings were held night after
night, at which great numbers attended, and the spirit of Christ
appeared present in lar^e measure to cheer and comfort believ-
ers, and to convict and convert sinners to the Lord. In fact,
while great numbers of soldiers and officers were [rough, reck-
less, godless men, many, on the other hand, were pious men,
who did all in their power for morality, good order and relig-

Shortly after the close of the war of 18G1, the custom arose
of holding memorial services in honor of dead soldiers. Assem-
blies gather and go in procession to their tombs, and sing songs
and perform martial music, deliver memorial addresses, and
strew flowers upon the graves of the departed heroes of the war.
This day (May 20) has been observed for say thirteen years.
Sometimes the services are very interesting. The memories of
the occasion often draw forth most solemn and impressive dis-
com-ses from the orators of the hour.

For several years past, the impressive ceremonials connected
with Decoration Day have been performed at each returning an-
niversary. At one of them, a most affecting discourse was given
by President Burgess, of Butler University, Irvington, near In-
dianapolis.

In 1881, among other things, an address was delivered by
Rev. C. G. Bartholomew, of Union City, Ind., and the presenta-
tion occurred of a sprig of willow, taken from the willow tree
planted by La Fayette at the grave of Washington, and brought
oiginally from a willow gi-owing at the tomb of Napoleon, at St.
Helena. The presentation and the accompanying speech were
made by J. H. Stine, Esq., a citizen of Randolph, but for many
years a G overnment employe at Washington City, who has rendered
important and reliable service during his long residence at the na-
tional capital. A brief but most appropriate and felicitous re-
sponse and acceptance was delivered by Bayard S. Gray, Esij.,
soji of ex-Gov. Isaac P. Gray, many years a resident of Union
City.

Ml-. Stine had, on the forenoon of the same day, at Hunts-
villo, delivered a Decoration address, and presented also a "sprig
of willow" from "Washington's Tomb," to be planted at the
soldiers' monument in the cemetery there. Thus, by the slight-
est and most delicate, but imperishable of links, is forged and
welded, in indissoluble strength, the chain which binds together
the hearts of noble, patriotic heroes, through ages as they roll.
Tender, precious links of a wonderful chain! A sprig of willow,
uniting all these — Napoleon, Austerlitz, Borodino, Waterloo, St.
Helena, Mt. Vernon, Trenton, Brandywine, Yorktown; the birth
of the Groat Republic; La Fayette at Washington's tomb; the
civil war; Decoration Day: Randolph County, Ind. — all these
and all the wondrous story of deeds of heroes performed by men
for love of country or for fame through long ages past,

The day has been quite generall)"- observed with fitting and
most afi'ecting ceremonies at the various cemeteries in the county,
more detailed accounts of which cannot now be given.

soldiers' ee-unions.

January 4, 1875, the Ninth Annual Meeting of the "Win-
chester Soldiers' Union" was held at the residence of Col. H. H.
Neff. Present, Col. H. H. Neff, Gen.. Silas Colgrove, Dr. G.
W. Bruce, Col. G. W. H. Riley, Capt. Asa Teal, Capt. Edmund
Engle, C. C. Smith, Gen. Thomas M. Browne, Capt. John
Neff, William E. Murray, Lieut. Stanton S. Peelle, Hon.
John E. Neff, Col. Andrew J. Neff, Abram Lennington, Col.
Martin B. Miller, Maj, G. U. Carter, W. R. Way, Esq., Capt.
J. S. Fisher, Col. Theodore F. Colgrove.

Officers chosen for the year: Col. A. J. Neff, President; AV.
R. Way, First Vice President; Abrara Lennington, Second Vice
President; Gen. T. M. Browne, Treasurer; Capt. J. S. Fisher,
Recording Secretary; William E. Murray, Corresponding Sec-
retary. Speeches were made by Col. K H. Neff, Lieut. Stanton
J. Pe'elle. Gen. T. M. Browne, Hon. John Enos Neff, Capt Ed-
mund Engle, and perhaps others.

The association appointed Stanton J. Peelle to deliver the
address for the next re-union, and adjourned to meet at Gen.
Browne's on the first Saturday in January, 1870.

Annual re-union of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth
Regiment and Fifteenth Battery, October 24, 1878— Gen. Asahel
Stone presented the welcoming address, and Private S. C. Crane
delivered a memorial oration, closing with a tine poem chiefly
commemorative of Capt. James Lawrence Neff, son of Col. H.
H. Neff, who was killed March 10, 1805, at Wise's Forks, near
Kingston, N. C.

Other re-unions have been held, some of them extensive, ac-
counts of which are not at hand. One of two days occurred in
the autumn of 1880 at the fair grounds of the Randolph Agri-
cultural Association, near Winchester.

It would have been a fine success, but the weather was very
rainy, and that greatly interfered with the assembling of the
soldiers and citizens. One was held at Richmond in the fall of
1881, attended largely by soldiers from Randolph and the whole
region, lasting two days.

Other meetings of soldiers have been held at different times
within the county or region, but we have discovered nu special
account of their proceedings.

It would seem tliat since the re-union held in 1875 was the
ninth in number, there must have been eight preceding it, which
might make them to iiave been begun, perhaps, in 1807.

The Grand Army of the Republic had its inception shortly
after the close of the late war of the rebellion, and one of the
objects sought to be attained by the organization is tlie perpetua-
tion of the friendly relations existing among comrades in arms,
who fought side by side for a common cause, and shai'ed in com-
mon the dangers of the field, the hardships of the march, and
the varied fortunes of war.

The organization is composed of the soldiers and sailors, and
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors of the army, navy and
Marine corps of the United States who aided in maintaining the
honor, integrity and supremacy of the National Government
during the late rebellion. Its objects, as set forth in the pub-
lished rules and by-laws of the organization, are as follows:

1. "To preserve and strengthen those kind and fraternal
feelings which bind together the soldiers, sailors and marines
who united to suppress the late rebellion, and to perpetuate the
memory and history of the dead.

2. " To assist such former comradoi in arms as need help
and protection, and to extend needful aid to the widows and
orphans of those who have fallen.

3. "To maintain true allegiance to the United States of
America, based upon a paramount respect for and fidelity to the
National Constitution and laws; to discountenance whatever
tends to weaken loyalty, incites to insurrection, treason or re-
bellion, or in any manner impairs the eflliciency and permanency
of our free institutions; and to encourage the spread of universal
liberty, equal rights, and justice to all men."

Soldiers and sailors of the United States Array, Navy or
Marine Corps, who served between April 12, 1801, and April 9,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

289

18G5, in the war for the suppression of the rebellion, and those
having been honorably discharged aft^er such service, and mem-
bers of such State regiments as were called into active service
and subject to the orders of United States General officers be-
tween the dates mentioned, are eligible to membership in this
organization; but it is expressly provided by the constitution
that "no person shall be eligible to membership who has at any
time bomo arms against the United States."

Posts, or local organizations, are formed by the authority of
ii Department Commander, or of the Commander in Chief (where
no department organization exists), upon the application of not
less than ten persons eligible to membership in the Grand Army
of the Republic, the rank of posts being determined by the date
of the charter under which they are acting. It is also provided
that no post shall be named in honor of any living hero, how-
ever distinguished.

Under the rules governing the establishment of posts, the
following-named gentlemen made application for the charter of
Nelson Trusler Post, No. 60, G. A. R., at Winchester: Albert
O. Marsh, William W. Macy, John E. Markle, William E. Way,
Isaiah P. Watts, Nathan C. Simmons, John W. Macy, George
U. Carter, Jonathan S. Hiatt, Clint D. Smith, Amos C. Boeson,
Dennis Kelley, Samuel T. Remmell, John W. Henderson, Calvin
W. Diggs, William H. Eeinheimer, Seth D. Coates, Edmund
Engle, Samuel R. Fielder. Ralph V. Murray, William Lenkens-
dorfor, F. B. Chapman, Thomas J. Way. Ezra S. Kelley, George
W. Ennis, Richard A. Leavell, Luther G. Puckett, Sylvanus W.
White and Jonathan Davis. The meeting for organization was
held on the 15th of April, 1882, in the upper story of the Moor-
man Building, on the corner of Main and Washington streets;
but immediately afterward the post moved to the quarters it now
occupies, in the Reed Building, on Franklin street. By a vote
of the members, the post was named in honor of Col. Nelson
Trusler, of the Eighty -fourtli Indiana Regiment, many of the
soldiers from this county having served under Lim.

After the usual ceremonies of organization, the following
gentlemen were nominated and elected as officers of the post for
the current year: Albert O. Marsh, First Post Commander;
George U. Carter, Senior Vice Commander; William W. Macy,
Junior Vice Commander; Ralph V. Murray, Officer of the Day;
Richard A. Leavell, Officer of the Guard; Isaiah P. Watts, Chap-
lain; John E. Markle, Surgeon ; William H. Eeinheimer, Quarter-
master; John W. Macy, Adjutant. The following officers were
Oien appointed for the same period, viz., George W. Ennis,
Sergeant Major; F. B. Chapman, Quartermaster Sergeant; S.
T. Remmell, Hospital Steward; E. S. Kelley, Inner Sentinel;
S. W. White, Outer Sentinel.

Since its organization, the following-named gentlemen have
been admitted to membership in this post: W. E. Murray, April
26, 1882; O. H. Luellen, April 26, 1882; H. R. Marlatt, April
26, 1882; George W. Brown, April 26, 1882; Nelson Pegg, April
26, 1882; J. H. Butterworth, April 26, 1882; John E. Noffi April
26, 1882; Benjamin C. Marsh, Ai)ril 26, 1882; Isaiah Ryan,
April 26, 1882; W. A. W. Dally, May 10, 1882; James M.
Hamilton, May 10. 1882; William Inman, May 10. 1882; Charles
W. Ward, May 10, 1882; Norman Cook, May 10, 1882; A. M.
Russell, May 10, 1882; John O. Hollingsworth, May 10, 1882;
James M. Thomas, May 10, 1882; David Neflf, May 10, 1882;
Nimrod Brooks, May 10, 1882; William Harper, May 10, 1882;
John K. Martin, May 17, 1882; N. T. Chenoweth, May 17, 1882;
J. W. Ginger, May 24, 1882: Asa Teal, Mav 24, 1882; M. B.
Miller, Mav 24, 1882; Erastus Corwin, May 24, 1882; John R,
Phillips, June 7, 1882; Mark M.Austin, June 14, 1882; Charles
W. Wolverton, June 21, 1882; William F. Locke, June 21,
1882; James M. Pottle, June 19, 1882; John R. Smith, June
26, 1882.

We give below for freshness and agreeable variety, some
reminiscences by various parties who were soldiers in the Federal

The field described is somewhat large — Tennessee, Red
River, Chattanooga, the Atlantic, the Pacific— but the recital
will relieve somewhat the dryness of the dull detail of bare facts.

Elder Thomas Addington, Company A, Eighty-fourth In-
diana, Franklin Township.

I enlisted August 7, I8;j2, in Company A, Eighty-fourth In-
diana, at Camp Wayne, Richmond, Ind., under Col. Trusler.
We went to Cincinnati and to Covington, Ky. The regiment
was quartered in the sixth story of a building so full of vermin
that the boys left in disgust, and slept on the sidewalks or what-
not. We were marched to the front, five miles out, with no
arms nor ammunition in the regiment, though the rebels were in
full view. Gov. Morton came and raised guns and cartridges;
but the cartridges were two sizes too large for the guns. He
came again, found how matters stood, went back, "pressed'' an
old man with a cart, and others, and sent on other ammunition.
The old man brought us five rounds apiece, the next man twenty
rounds, the third a full supply. They proposed to Gov. Morton
to give us "poor" arms. "No," said he, " good equipments, or
they go back to Indiana." They got the best. Our route was
Gallipolis, Guycmdotte, Catlettsburg, mouth of Cumberland, Nash-
ville, Franklin, etc.

When Coburn'fl Brigade was captured at Thompson's Station,
our regiment was ordered to re-enforce Coburn, and went on
lx)ard the cars at Nashville at 4 o'clock P. M., and got to Frank-
lin at 11 o'clock P M. We could have marched it in half the
tima Gilmore sent Coburn, and then let him be taken, although
be (Gilmore) had plenty ot men who had nothing else to do. He
ordered us to do it and then held back his own troops, and us,
too, and let Coburn be "gobbled up." In Chickamauga, there
was bad generalship in our brigade. We had started from
Tullahoma, and from September 7 to September 14, had been
on the road. September 13 we started at daylight and kept on
until 7 o'clock P. M.; drew rations and ammunition, and had
supper, and were on the go again by 11 o'clock P. M., and kejit
on all night, and with little stop until 3 o'clock P. M.

We rested September 14 to September 18. The rebels had
been driven from Ringgold, and we were ordered to find them.
As we were marching, some women called out, " An hour ago
they were here." Pre.sently, as we marched through a
thickety field, no skirmishers nor any watch kept, the " rebs "
poured a heavy fire upon the head of the column. They
might have captured us all. We skirmished all night, and fell
back one and a half miles at daylight. In the morning, we
found them where they were the night before. The Eighty-
fourth Indiana and the Fortieth Ohio were sent to attack what
proved to be a whole rebel corps. We should have been captured
but for the Colonel of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Illinois.
We wore flanked on all sides. He, hearing the firing, knew we
were in trouble, and came without orders to our help. He came
galloping up, his rogiruent after him on the full run, formed,
and sent a volley into the advancing rebels, and checked them.
We went back and re-enforced Thomas.

At the battle of Chickamauga, Thomas was caught in a trap,
and came near being bagged. Two roads led to the trap. We
marched on one, and the ' ' rebs " shut us up. Thomas was
nearly sealed vip, but finally escaped by the road we marched in
on. He fell back to Chattanooga, but the front held Mission
Ridge and Lookout Mountain. Bragg intended to take Chatta-
nooga, but was prevented by a stratagem. On Monday night, as
we were retreating, orders were given to camp, and build great
fires all through. We did so, and made a grand illumination.
Bragg thought a great army had come up. His scouts reported
"overwhelming re-enforcements." Bragg held still; then we
marched again into Chattanooga. After Chickamauga, the
" rebs " held Lookout Mountain, and the wagon road from Steven-
son, Ala. We had the railroad from Nashville to Bridgeport,
and then the supplies had to be wagoned by a mountain road
sixty miles instead of direct thirty miles. That was a fearful
time! I have stood in one place and counted at one time twenty
mules or horses dead, or dying from starvation. Details were
often sent to shoot animals that were too weak to stand. Sol-
diers were kept on half or quarter rations, and poor ones at that.
Bread, crackers, etc., had to be piled in the open air, and it
rained a large part of the time. The provisions would get wet
and soaked and mouldy and spoiled, but it was that or none.

290

HISTORY OF RANDOLni COUNTY.

No building could hold the enormous amount of provisions
needful for a supply. Bread would be piled in j^eat heaps like
immense piles of wood. Crackor-boxes would be heaped in piles
as high as my head, aud 600 yards long. An immense train of
000 wagons was captured and destroyed by the rebel cavalry.
The country at large never knew how tlie brave boys suffered at
Chattanooga, or bow hard pressed was our gallant army under
"Old Pap Thomas," while waiting for the long-drawn march
from the river to the mountains. But Sherman made that march
across three hostile States. Hooker's army was sent from the
East, and the rebels were sent howling backward. Sherman's
hardy legions drove Longstreet's hordes from East Tennessee,
and his weary thousands found rest for a fev.' short weeks in
winter quarters in North Alabama.

A. C. BEESON, SIXTY-NINTH INDIANA.

"I was in Chattanooga during the siege of that place, after
the battle of Chickamauga, in the fall of 186H.

" The siege lasted from September to November. The rebels
tried to starve us out, and came nearer being successful than was
agreeable to us. They could not take the place; for, while they
had possession of Lookout Mountain, which apparently com-
manded the town, our encampment was so low that they could
not depress their fire so as to reach us. Provisions Ijecame
scarce enough. Mules died of starvation in great numbers, and
their carcasses lay in some places close enough together that you
could walk upon them; and as for the men, three days' rations
would consist of one ai-my cracker and a small piece of beef.
Men have been known to give $5 for a single ear of corn; yet
the army enjoyed reasonably good health. We were camped in
a cemetery, aud two graves were under our tent.

"I was captured by Morgan's men while in the hospital at
Danville, Ky. I was too sick to be moved, however, and was
paroled.

" The siege of Chattanooga was relieved by the aiTival of
Hooker's and Howard's Corps from the Eastern Army, and
Sherman's Corj^fl from Vicksburg.''

The famous case of Page against the women of Winchester
in 1 853-55, made a wonderful stir at the time.

At first he indicted all the ladies concerned, a large com-
pany, for malicious trespass.

The case was tried, and in thirty minutes the jtu*y 1?rought in
a verdict of not guilty.

A civil suit was then brought, and damages awarded for
S400.

" One of the kidnappers shot the boy through the arm as he
rode and blow his horn, but the boy was " game," and kept on
riding and blowing. The man who fired at him was indicted
for shooting with intent to kill, but was acquitted. I [Mr. Col-
grove] appeared in behalf of the boy.

" The slave hunters and negro haters undertook to enforce an
old statute of Indiana against all the people of color of Cabin
Creek settlement (and their name was legion), requir'Ug such
persons to give security for good behavior. A Justice of the
Peace in the region notified thirty or forty " darkies " to appear
before him and give bonds. A large number presented them-
selves, greatly troubled, not knowing what to do. They had
tried to engage Moorman Way as their attorney, but for some
reason he could not assist, and they engaged me to appear in
their behalf. In some way we succeeded in quashing the ])ro-
ceedings for that time, and they were never renewed. Some of
the people in that region were severely pro-slavery, and .1 never
got fuch a tongue-lashing in my life as I received from some of
them, especially from one of the ladies who was present at the
trial.

" I had a horse shot under me at Antiotara, but was myself not
hurt. At Gettysburg, my horse was shot through both fore legs,
but not killed.

"At Chancollor.sville, a ball struck my leg near the hip joint,
passing through the Mesh below the joint and uj) between my

limbs through the saddle tree, lodging finally in the saddle
blanket. The wound healed rapidly, and although not yet
cured, I was in the saddle in command of a brigade at Gettys-
burg. I was also hurt in the hand by a spent ball, which was a
more severe wound even than the one in the thigh, since it dis-
abled my hand for weeks.

"At Poach Tree Creek, Ga., four miles from Atlanta, I svas
wounded by a six pound solid shot passing between my side and
arm, the wind of the ball tearing the flesh from my side from the
breast bone round to the backbone, three or four inches wide.
The shot had first hit the sword and rolled it round nearly
double, and in so doing the sword hit my elbow and shattered
the arm terribly, breaking the elbow joint. The sui-geon said,
"The arm must come oft'." I said, "No; save it if you can."
They said, "No; it must come off." Dr. King said, "No, don't
do it; he can't live three hours." But I did, though, and the
next day I refused to have it taken off, and my poor arm is now
able to answer very well the uses for which it was given me.

"The poor wounded men lay by scores upon their hammocks
dying with gangrene iu the camp hospital, and they carried me
away about a quarter of a mile, by a spring, and I stayed there
until I became convalescent. My side became black, and the
flesh dropped off and new flesh formed. In twenty days I was
brought home, and not long after was able for business. I was
wounded July 20, 1804, and in September I took my ])lace as
President of the Military Commission at Indianapolis."

(Gen, Colgrove receives a two-thirds pension for partial dis-
abilitv arising from these various woundsj.

William Commons. M. D., Union City, was born in 1880. in
Wayne County, Ind., and educated at the public schools, and at
Oberlin, Ohio, 1859-00. He received his medical training
with Dr. Brandon, of Williamsburg, Wayne Co., Ind., and at
Ann Arbor, Mich., and at Cincinnati.

He took one course at Ann Arbor, aud graduated from Ohio
Medical College in Cincinnati July 0, 1808. Before this, he
had voluntered in the Sixteenth Indiana, Company I, being do-
tailed as a medical cadet. He served his twelve months and was
honorably discharged. On gi-aduation, he was appointed Resi-
dent Physician at Cincinnati Commercial Hospital. In August,
]8()8, he was allowed to be examined for admission into the
Naval Medical Cori>8. He passed, and was appointed by Presi-
dent Lincoln Assistant Surgeon United States Navy, and the
same day, October '20, 1863, by Gov. Morton Assistant Sm-geon
Fourth Indiana Cavalry, then under Bui-nside, at Knoxville.
He declined the second and accepted the first.

The naval apj)ointment was confirmed by the Senate Febni-
ary 22, 1804. He had been ordered to report for duty on board
the United States Receiving Ship North Carolina, at Brooklvn,
N. Y., which was done November 28, 1863.

January 1. 1804, ho reported for duty on Flagship Hai-tford,
Admiral Farragut, Gulf Squadron. Here he remained during
the summer of 1804, being in the battle of Mobile Bay when
Farragut was lashed to the rigging on his flagship. The Hai-t-
ford returned to New York in December. 1S04, and was put out
of commissicu. He came home on two weeks' leave, and mar-
ried Lydia Jane, daughter of Edward Starbuck, late banker in
Union City. January 17, 1865. He was ordered to proceed to
Fort Royal for service on the ironclad Patapsco; but while he
was on the ocean passage, the Patapsco was blown up by a tor-
pedo in Charleston harbor, and sunk, with the loss of all on
board but fom- men. The shi]i which was taking him to Port
Royal broke her shaft aud put into Portsmouth under sail for re-
pairs. Ho was then ordered to the steamer Passaic, which ho
joined April 7, ]M)5.

The ship was detained to witness the hoisting of the flag on
Fort Sumter, and then went to New York. His orders then
were to proceed via Panama to the ship Lancaster, in San Fran-
cisco harbor, which was done. Shortly after, he was detailed in
the steamer Saginaw to cruise for the Florida, the rebel steamer
which had boon ca]>turiug vessels in the Pacific Ocean. While
the Saginaw was cruising in the North Pacific to hunt the
Florida, that vessel had run through Magellan Straits and to
Liverpool, and given herself up to the English Government.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

291

The Saginaw was then detailed to accompany the Russia- Ameri-
can expedition to accomplish surveys and soundings across
Behring's Straits for laying a cable there. The expedition was
to operate during the summer, and to winter at the mouth of the
Amoor Eiver, and in Japan. News came that the Atlantic cable
had been successfully laid, and the Behring's Straits project fell
dead. Meanwhile, a schooner had sailed with fifty miles of
cable on board, for Alaska, and the cable lies there at Alaska
yet, perhaps. Mr. C. left San Francisco on the Saginaw for
Aoapulco to join the Lancaster there. That vessel, however,
had left two days before the Saginaw, for the Sandwich Islands.
He reported U) the senior naval officer at Panama. Dr. John Max-
well. Fleet Surgeon, had been appointed Acting Consul at the port
of Panama, and Dr. C. was detailed by him as Inspector of Cus-
toms for the Panama Railroad, which position he filled for six
weeks, and was ordered to the ship St. Mary's, then iu the
harbor of Callao, Peru, to take charge of the storeship Fredonia,
and prepare it for a hospital ship for the South Pacilio Squadron,
which was done. During that service, he witnessed the bombard-
ment of Callao by the Spaniards in their war with Peru, and
was at Lima, Santiago, etc., on the Pacific coast of South Ameri-
ca. He was next appointed to the United States ship Suwanee,
which cruised on the Western Pacific coast, in the Pacific
Sqtiadron. Having thus had four years' sea service, he was
ordered to the United States, came by steamer to New York (via.
Panama), and thence home. In six weeks an order was received
to report at Philadelphia, to join the Asiatic Squadron for a
three years' cruise. Not wishing sea life longer, he resigned his
commission. He then settled in medical practice at home; first
at Whitewater, Ind., then in Bradford, Ohio, then at Union
City, Ind. (since 1873). His parents were of Irish descent, but
born in America. He was a member of the Council at Bradford,
and Secretary of the Board of Education; has been a member of
the Board of Health for Union City; is President of the Randolph
County Medical Society, and a member of the State Medical
Society, and has been Master of Turpen Lodge, No. 401, A., F.
& A. M., for six years. He has been a long time a member of
the Disciple's Church, and for six years Clerk of that society at
Union City. He is a wide-awake Republican, and an enthusias-
tic temperance worker. He was (with Col. Cranor) Executive
Agent in the woman's crusade to prosecute the saloon-keepers.
At Bradford, Ohio, while member of the Council, he was suc-
cessful in the passage and enforcement of a stringent ordinance
against drinking saloons, which greatly checked dninkenness
and crime in that town.

Dr. C. is in the prime of mature manhood, enthusiastic in his
profession, and may look forward hopefully to a long, honorable
and prosperous career of usefulness and success among his
fellow men.

" I was captured near Sunshine Church, Ga. , during Stone-
man's raid, 1 20 miles south of Atlanta. The expedition set out
for the purpose of releasing the prisoners at Macon and Ander-
sonville. We went to Macon, but the prisoners had been moved.
Stoneman attacked Macon, but McCook failed to come to time,
and we fell back. The rebel advance was met at 10 o'clock P.
M. Wo skirmished until next day, and were sui-rounded and
forced to surrender. So instead of releasing the prisoners at
Andersonville, the soldiers were scooped into that awful den
themselves. I entered that 'hell above ground' August 2,
1864; was taken to Charleston in November; to Florence in
December; afterward to Wilmington, and at length to the I^nion
lines at Goldsboro, N. C, in March. 1805, for parole.

'•I went in hungry; never had a full meal; could have eaten
any day at one meal my whole rations for an entire day, i. e..
had they been fit for a human creature to eat, which they were
not. Our bread was mostly made from coarse corn meal
badly baked, and wretched stuff. But we ate it, and I came out
alive.

" I went in weighing 216 pounds, but in seven months, when
paroled, my weight was only 145 pounds. I had remarkable
health for such a place, but language cannot describe such a den
of horrors!

"I had, when captured, a suit of well worn army clothes, and
I wore the same without change, with no soap, until I was
nearer naked than clad.

"The brook was filth itself. I had no vessel to wash in.
There was no water for any purpose but that dreadful stream,
thick with the vileness of 35,000 living and dead prisoners. The
only time we had the means of washing in clean water was in a
heavy rain which fell. The iM-isoners stripped, and stood rub-
bing each others' backs and limbs as the rain poured in torrents
upon them. Soon after that rain, a great wonder came to pass
iu that stockade. A spring of pure, clean water came gushing
forth in the midst of that prison pen, and ran a life-giving
stream, enough for those famishing people. It seemed almost
like the stream flowing from the ' rock in the wilderness.' The
water of this spring sufficed for drinking and cooking, though
but little of that was done, in sooth. Men were in line waiting
their turn at that heaven-sent fountain all day long. Sometimes
the ' waiting line ' numbered 1 ,000 men. Before that spring burst
forth from out that cursed ground, the filthy water of the brook
was all that anybody in that stockade could procure, except that
now and then a poor fellow had found a little water by digging.
"One day a poor fellow (among scores and hundreds of
others like him), bespoke my jiity who had got fast in the mire
of the brook, and I helped him out. Great nmnbers, sick and
helpless, were there besides, and I worked helping the poor
wretches a long time, until at last I had to quit to save mysel f.
" I have counted as many as seventy corpses lying stiff and
stark at the gate, in one morning, of persons who had died in one
dreadful night; and the living would tight for the privilege of
carrying a comrade's lifeless remains forth to the burial-ground
outside, because by so doing one got the chance to bring in an
arm load of wood gathered outside.

"Men died by scores, by hundreds, by thousands, within
those awful walls, yet I came forth alive: I still survive that
loathsome dungeon.

" During all that awful suffering, the great body of those
men stood lirm and steadfast in their loyalty, resisting every
attempt to seduce them from their allegiance to their native
land. Many times we were marshaled in line and offered free-
dom and abundance by joining the ranks of the ' men in grey."
but very few yielded even to such offers.

"Tnie as steel, those heroic men continued faithful to their
flag, many of them even unto death. And those who lived to
gain their freedom, if able for duty, rejoined their regiments and
finished their terms of service on the tented field."'

William W. Macy, late of White River Townshij), is a son
of Dr. William Macy, who was for many years a prominent phy-
sician of Randolph County, and one of the founders of the town
of Farmland. Dr. Macy removed some years ago from this
county to Wisconsin, and died in the Northwest an old man, not
very long ago.

W. W. Macy was born in 1841, being a native of the county.
He took to wife, in 1807. Miss Alice Addington, also a native
1 born daughter of Randolph, and they have one child, a son.
I At the commencement of the war, being about twenty years
: of age, he enlisted as a private in the Nineteenth Regiment In-
j diana Volunteer Infantry (three years), July 19, 1801, Company
; C. He was mustered into service July 29, ISOl, as Fifth Ser-
' geant. The Nineteenth was trausjiorted to the Eastern army
without delay, arriving at the federal capital August 19, 1861.
There they were assigned to the First Brigade, First Division.
; First Army Corps, Grand Potomac Army. Among the severe en-
gagements iu which Mr. Macy took pait were:

Cedar Mountain, AugiLst 9, 1862, as also Gainesville, second
Bull Run, South Mountaifl, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Fitzhugh's
I Crossing, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, around Petersburg
and Richmond, Weldon Railroad, Hatcher's Run, Gravelly
Run, pursuit of Lee after the evacuation of Richmond,
etc. This band of Indiana heroes, brave among the bravest,
spent nearly their whole time of service in either Maryland or
Virginia, mostly tiie latter. Comjiaratively few Indiana regi-
ments belonged to the Eastern army, and the Nineteenth was one
among the five who sustained the reputation of the Hoosier State

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

for heroic valor in the presence of their Eastern comrades. The
live regiraants referred to were the Seventh, Thirteenth, Four-
teenth, Nineteenth and Twentieth.

Concerning this group of regiments, shattered and broken by
the furious storms of warlike strife, cut down by scores, and
many times well-nigh annihilated, a most thrilling account might
be given. Out of the five, originally full and strong, it came to
pass at length that the remnants of four of them were consoli-
dated into one, and that only itself a fragment, composing a mere
battalion. Gen. Lewis Wallace fitly and most pathetically de-
scribes these men belonging to the five Indiana regiments swal-
lowed up in the Eastern army as being- "our lost children," like
Ferdinand De Soto and his gallant comrades in the wildernesses
of the "New World."

Bo noted did the brigade become to which the Nineteenth
belonged as to earn for itself, not without abundant reason, the
sobriquet of the " Iron Brigade," and to this famous brigade
did the Nineteenth belong for more than four years.

W. W. Macy was in all the battles of the regiment, except
during the Wilderness campaign, he being then confined in the
hospital, prostrated with the loathsome and dreadful small-
pox.

Escaping with life and restored to health, he rejoined his
command, and surviving every danger and outbraving every
peril, he received a final discharge during the summer of 1865.
He did not escape wounds, a '' minie ball " making its track
along his skull at Fredericksburg, making, however, only a
sliglit wound. He was promoted First Lieutenant April 26,
1863. Two days afterward he helped to fight the battle of Fitz-
hugh's crossing; and May 3, 18G3, was at Chancellorsville; July
1 to 3, 1803, found the " Iron Brigade " at Gettysburg, with our
subject among them. At this latter battle, another " minie ball"
made an attempt to make acquaintance with the inner regions of
his cranium, but, as before, so this time also, without success,
though, being fast asleep, he was not able to dodge the bullet.
November 20, 1863, he was sent to Indiana on recruiting service,
returning to the field and the camp February 24, 1804. Shortly-
after his arrival, the small-pox seized him as a victim (March 3),
and only loosened its grasp when six weeks had elapsed, thirty
days' furlough being then granted to allow him to visit the " old
folks at home." which had not before been done. He was at
Petersburg and in the Richmond campaign; was present at the
terrible explosion in front of the former place; helped to destroy
the Weldon Railroad; was at Hatcher's Run and Gravelly Run,
and in the chase after Lee after he fled from Richmond, and
was at the headquarters of Gen Humphrej's, commanding the
Second Corps, on th:it eventful morning, when the rebel chief-
tain made the surrender of his army to Gen. Grant.

He had some mouths before, to wit, December 2 and 14, 1864.
commissioned and mustered Captain of Company A, Twentieth
Regiment, reorganized and afterward transferred to Company
A. ^Ve quote from Military History of Randol|ih County:
'■His company was part and parcel of that magnificent and tri-
umphnut army, whose shining platoons marched in tiles of twelve
deep along the broad avenues of Washington City, passing as
they did the gorgeous platform upon which were posted the
members of the National Administration and the military chief-
tain.-i of the hour."

The adventures of Capt. Macy were many, but time fails to
recount them. He was mustered out with the regiaient July 12,
1S05, having served just three days less than four years. Since
that time, he has been somewhat prominent in official lite —
Clerk and IVCarshal of Union City, Deputy SherifT and Sheriff of
Randolph County, Deputy six or .sevea years, and Sheriff about
three years, serving the public in all faithfully and well. Ha is
now holding a position at the Federal City, under Commissioner
Dudley, of the Pension Offioe.

Capt M. attended as a witness the trial of Gen. Fitz John
Porter, in 1870, with alno two others from Randolph County.
Before his marriage, and after the war, he was during several
months an active and wide-awake studen'. in connection with
Liber College, Jay County, Ind. , then under the charge of Rev.
E. Tucker, as its President

The "Macy connection" has been from old a wondrous
and powerful company, scattered far and wide throughout the
land. They sprang, however from a single root, viz., the famous
Thomas Macy, who sailed in an open boat around Cape Cod, and
landed upon Nantucket Island in the days of " auld lang

The Macys are now found in Alabama, Carolina, California,
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New
York, Ohio, Wisconsin and elsewhere also. Their number
(known and recorded) a few years .igo was 1,276. Massachusetts
had the largest share. 703, and Indiana 359, Randolph being
able to boast, both in former and present times, of many families
of the name, all of whom are upright, respectable and enterpris-
ing citizens.

We give the military record of Capt. Macy's promotion, in a
connected statement, as follows:

W. W. Macy, mustered June 29, 1861, as Fifth Sergeant:
Company C, Ninteenth, 1861 ; wounded at the battle of South
Mountain; promoted First Lieutenant; commissioned March. 3 ,
and mustered April 26, 1863; promoted Captain of Company I,
Twentieth Regiment Indiana re-organized; coramisioned Decern
ber, and mustered December 14, 1864; transferred to (Company
A; mustered out with the regiment July 12, 1865.

R. H. MORGAN.

" After the battle of Pittsburg Landing was a fearful tima
For two weeks we were camped in the woods, with almost no
equipage; rain nearly all the time; and then came two months
in the trenches before Corinth. Miss.

" I was an Abolitionist, and had a "warm side" toward the
negroes. AVhen camped at Spring Garden, Ky. , two negroes
came into camp, wishing to join the army. They had been in
camp before, and the master had got an order for their arrest, had
pursued and shot at them, and had caught and taken thorn home.
The next night they came again. I told them to hide in the
wagons. They did so, and kept hid for 150 miles. The team-
sters began to unload, and found the " darkies." " How came
you here?" "Lieut. Morgan told us to hide here." Next day
I was ordered to report to headquarters. " What does Gen.
Woods want of me?" "About those negroes, I presume."
Hardin, who brought the orders, said to me, " Better send them
back. The orders are very strict against harboring slaves, and
you may, perhaps, be given over to the State authorities, and the
penalty is death for running off negroes.'' "I cannot do it;
you send them back," But he wouldn't, either, and finally ac-
knowledged it wrong to do so. A Minnesota regiment was lying
across Green River, and I said to the negroes, "Go over there
and hire out as cooks, and never speak my name as long as you
live." They promised, and left instanter.

" Gen. Asahel Stone was in camp, and he went with me to
Gen. Wood.s' quarters. The General was very bluff, and said,
"Send those negroes back." I said, "Generil, I don't know
where they are. and have no control over them. They are free
to go where they please. You have no proof that I ever saw
them. If they knew enough to hide themselves 150 miles, they
certainly can take care oE themselves without my help." I was
dismissed, aud left. Gen. Stone talked awhile with Gen. AVoods,
and I never heard any more of the matter. Before long, the
Federal army found enough else to do besides catching negroes.
I saw the two twelve months afterward. They were in the same
regiment, doing well.

" One day an old negro, seventy years old, came into camp and
said, "I wish to see the General." He was taken to headquar-
ters. "General," said he, "I know of a camp of guerrillas. I
will guide you there if you wish." A squad was sent, and the
whole camp was captured. The old negro stayed with the army,
and at length cro.ssed the Ohio River.

"Several slaves from Alabama were hid among the baggage,
and they were uevjr found. Strict search was made for one of
them. Maj, Smith, a rich slaveholder. Twenty-fourth Kentucky,
rode up and down the column and the train, passing many times
the very wagon in which he lay hid; but the poor fellow got safe
I away.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

293

"At the battle of Penyville, a rebel regiment from Morth
Carolina came into the Union lines. They were splendid look-
ing men, and really Union men at heart. They came in cheer-
fully, glad ihat their fighting against the old flag was over."

James B. Ross, Union City, was born in Holmes County,
Ohio, in 1844; enlisted in the Sixteenth Ohio Infantry in the
fall of 1861, being mustered in at Wooster, Ohio, Colonel John
De Courcey (Colonel in the English Army; absent on tliree

■ let

R. served three years and two months. He was dis-
charged (mustered out) at Columbus, Ohio, in October, 1804.
The regiment was at the first taking of Cumberland Gap, in the
battle of Tazewell, near the Gap, and having been hemmed in
by Bragg, escaped by marching through the mountains of Ken-
tucky 200 miles to Gwynnettsburg. On the Ohio, up Kanawha
to Charleston, down the Ohio to Louisville and to Memphis and
Vicksburg, in the terrible repulse at Chickasaw Bluflfs, be-
hind Vicksburg, losing 270 men; up Arkansas River to Arkansas
Post, capturing all its garrison; at Milliken's Bend to help dig
'•Grant's Canal " The regiment lay in sight as the Union gun-
boats came gallantly down past Vicksburg, and, as they steamed
along the channel beyond the dreaded batteries on the Visks-
burg bluffs, a happy lot of fellows stood and looked on that
glorious sight. The regiment crossed the Mississippi on a bridge
of gunboats below Grand Gulf; were in the battles of Magnolia
(Port Gibson), Jackson, Raymond, Champion Hills, Black
River Bridge, and the siege of Vicksburg — sixty-fom' days, under
fire nearly all that fearful time. They went to New Orleans,
Brasheai- City, Opelousas, Algiers; thence to Texas on the "cold
New Year's " day, Indianola, Matagorda Island, New Orleans, up
Red River with Banks. In returning, Banks wished to leave
the fleet. Some objected. He granted ten days to got them
over the rapids. Col. Bailey in ten days did the work; 5,000
men and 500 teams accomplished the exploit, clearing twenty
acres of its forest, and digging up a stone quEirry. A dam was
built, made from tree-tops, up stream, with cross timbers between
the butts, the tops weighted down with rocks brought from up
the river, on flat-boats. Flat-boats were anchored at the edges
of the dam and fastened by huge iron bolts to the rocks in the
bed of the stream. Down the roaring, dnshing torrent, through
that fearful sluiceway rushed one by one that fleet of monitors
and gunboats, bouncing, plunging, almost tumbling as they
went, but safely reaching the river below the dam. Those
mighty vessels shot through that fearful passage like a
feather. They were at Morganza Bend with a train fourteen
mill's long, to be guarded; were in the Yellow Bayou battle, etc.
Their time was out, and the regiment came home, and were
muhtered out October, 1864.

Spring of 1805, Mr. Ross was at school at Ashland, Ohio;
taught a country school; was Principal, Orvillo, Ohio, five years,
and at Canal Fulton two years; came to Union City in 1875. en-
gaging in the law. He has been Justice two years, and Mayor
two years. He is a sensible, upright and honorable man.

While Mayor of Union City, he was selected to conduct at
Winchester tho famous preliminary examination in the Lump-
kin-Lewis case, to decide whether Mr. Lewis could have bail.
Mr. Koss discharged the delicate and difficult duty with pro-
priety and dignity, and proved himself a worthy and competent
magistrate. Mr. R. is married, and he has had three children.

Benjamin Simmons was wounded at Thompson's Hill, Miss.,
May 1, 1802; lay on the battle-field until May 5, and was taken
to a large house on the bank of the Mississippi, below Vicksburg.
Note— Abram Hoke, of Union City. Ind., worked on that
house in 18G0. The building contained" 000, 000 bricks, and cost
an immense sum of money, and it was occupied by the United
States Government as a hospital. He says,

"I was taken to Grand Gulf May 13; stayed there until June
5. Gov. Morton came with his hospital boat and took us to
Evansville. I was in the City Hospital until July 3, then at
Indianapolis until July 7. I was then furloughed home for thirty
days; went back for eight or ten days, and was furloughed again,
and so on until November. I was then detailed to the Provost
Marshal's office, at Indianapolis, and continued there until the

close of the war, June 30, 1805. I helped arrest Milligan,
Horsey, Bowles and Dodd, and Heifron, and to capture the re-
volvers, ammunition and powder sent to Indinnapolis in the con-
spiracy by the Sous of Liberty. We took thirty-four boxes of
revolvers and fixed ammunition in the old book-bindery of the
Sentinel office. The boxes were three feet by one foot by fourteen
inches. The revolvers were seven shooters. The boxes were
marked Sunday school books, on the outside. The plot was dis-
covered by the detectives of Gen. Carrington. We took also 104
kegs of powder, in zinc-covered boxes. 'They had been sent on to
Terre Haute, but were found there and brought back to Indian-
apolis, and I helped to put them into the magazine.

" Dodd escaped; Hefl'ron turned State's evidence, and Milligan,
Horsey and Bowles were tried by military commission and
sentenced to be hung, but at the last moment were reprieved by
President Johnson, and their sentence was at length revoked by
the United States Court on the gi'ound that a military commis-
sion had not the right to try them outside of the military lines.

■' Comrade Long and myself broke in the bookcase containing
the books for the ritual, etc., for the Golden Circle, in Heffron's
office, and there were three or four bushels of them, and we ■
turned them over to the Provost ."Marshal. There was also a plot
at the same time (by the secret lodges of the Sons of Liberty)
to capture the Government, release the rebel prisoners in Camp
Morton and turn the State in favor of the rebel cause; but the
whole conspiracy, extending by kindred lodges far and wide
throughout the West, was found out in time, and checkmated.
These revolvers, etc., were brought to the State under a false
pretense of being Sunday school books, and they were to be dis-
tributed to the members of the Golden Circle through tho State,
arrangements having been perfected for the purpose. "

Benjamin Simmons was permanently disablnd by the wound
he had received, and ho draws a pension from the United States
Government.

[For still further reminiscences, see biographies elsewhere.]

Gen. Asahel Stone, Commissary General. Isaiah Mansur
was appointed April 15, 1801. The troops were pouring by
thousands into camp, fresh from home, and had to be fed. Hq
did his best, but the men were not easily satisfied. He was " in-
vestigated," and the committee reported. The Senate did noth-
ing, but the House demanded Gen. M.'s removal; whereupon he
gladly resigned. He had done his best; and, what is more, had
paid nearly all the bills from his own money; but the boys were
"notional,'' and he thankfullv "got out of their way" May 29,
1801.

On the same day, Hon. Asahel Stone, State Senator from Ran-
dolph County, was "appointed to the place. He entered upon his
duties at once, and with general satisfaction . The economy of
his administration is set forth by the fact that during the time
from May 29, 1801, to September 1, 1802, 728,000 rations were
issued and his whole expenses, including salary, clerks, office
rent, etc., amounted to only $94, 159. 10, averaging about 12 cents
per ration.

October, 1802, Gen. S. was appointed Quartermaster General,
which position he accepted and the duties of which he discharged
until the close of the war, as will be hereafter related at some
length.

Although Gen. Stone did no service upon the field, and had
no command of troops at the front or otherwise, yet his duties
were of great importance, and required a high degree of patriot-
ism, activity and skill, all of which he showed in a most satis-
factory manner through his entire term of office.

State QuM-tennasier General. — Col. Thomas A. Morris was
appointed April 10, 1801. Col. Morris was commissioned Brig
adier Geupral April 29, 1801, and on the same day, April 29.
1801, John H. Vajen, Esq., was chosen in his place, and tilled
the position with remarkable success.

May 30, 1802, Mr. Vajen resigned, and John C. New, Esq.,
succeeded him. He resigned, and October 15, 1802, Hon. Asahel
Stone was appointed to the position. No mere description can
toll his duties. He was an " officer of all work," a kind of
"military breakwater," and right nobly did he stand up to the
work required at bis hands.

294

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

When he touk charge of the bakery at Camp Jtorton, the j
capacity was 6,000 to 7,000 loaves daily. It was soon enlar<red ,
to 11.000 or 12,000, and afterward still more than that. The
profit to the State proved to be $ir)7,000; $100,000 of this
amount was expended for buildings, Soldiers' Home, bread to
soldiers' families, etc, and about $57,000 was a clear saving to
the Government, not having been expended in the service in any
manner. His additional duties — establishing and maintaining
the Soldiers' Home, the Ladies' Home, etc., etc., were discharged
with like fidelity and success.

Gov. Morton, in his message to the Legislature January 11,
1807, thus alludes to the services of Gen. Stone;

' ' His department has been a large cumbrous machine, but
it has been managed with great fidelity, ability and success, for
which he is well entitled to the thanks of the State. His posi-
tion has been one of great labor and responsibility, and its duties
have been performed to my entire satisfaction." Such a com-
mendation from such a source is surely enough.

Account of the operations of Gen. Asahel Stone, Commissary
(Jeneral and Quartermaster General of the State of Indiana,
during most of the war of 1801:

For some months (May, 1801, to September, 1862), Gen.
Stone -was Commissary General, providing supplies and feeding
the soldiers at Indianapolis, and perhaps elsewhere. This de-
partment of business was transfen-od to the General Government,
and his occupation in that respect was at an end. Gov. Morton,
however, was convinced that the State of Indiana must not lose
sight of her soldiers in the field, and that she must continue to
care for them in every possible way. Gen. Stone had long been
employed in rendering all possible aid to the soldiers in the
field, some account of which is here given.

September 14, 1801, at 11:30 o'clock A. M., Gov. Morton
directed Gen. Stone to get ready to start at 12: 45 o'clock P. M.
of the same day, to Western Virginia, to look after the wants and
needs of our troops there, dreadful reports of their destitution
and sufferings reaching his ears daily. At that time the Seventh,
Ninth, Thirteenth. Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Seventeenth Indi-
ana Regiments, and Capt. Bracken's Cavalry were near Cheat
Mountain. Two agents had been sent before, but they had
achieved but litte success. At the appointed time, one and a
quarter hours after his notification. Gen. Stone was on the train,
with full authority and instructions from Gov. Morton. Sun
day, September 15, was partly spent at Columbus, Ohio; but
during the day he left on a train made up to carry the Thirty-
second Ohio, and a company of Ohio cavalry.

They arrived next day at Wheeling, and at Webster at 4
o'clock A. M. next morning, having to walk the sti-eets there till
daylight.

September 18, he left Webster on horseback with Lieut. Col.
(since Maj. Gen.) Beattie, of the Third Ohio, for the army, sixty
or seventy miles south. They arrived at Elkwater Camp, under
command of Gen. Reynolds, of Indiana, at 1 o'clock P. M. Sep
tember 9, he set out with a proper guard to the summit of Cheat
Mountain, accompanied by Gen. Reynolds. This was the most
advanced post. At his request, the men who were able were
paraded in the middle of the road for inspection. Then was
fully realized the sad fact than not half the fearful truth had
been told of the destitute condition of these men. They
were in rags, many without shoes or hats, and very few had over-
coats, and none had blankets, the latter having been used in
patching their clothes; and all this in that chilly, rugged,
mountainous region, with rain almost every day. The only
wonder is that any were able for duty. There was great neglect
some where, for the Government had abundant supplies, and Gen,
Stone's business was to find those supplies and have them sent
on to the troops forthwith. He immediately returned to Indian-
apolis with the following memorandum; " The Thirteenth wants
everything; the Fourteenth everything but 205 overcoats; the
Fifteenth everything but overcoats; the Seventeenth wants every-
thing; the cavali*y wants boots, coats, gloves, rubber blankets,
some haversacks and canteens; and all need cajjs with oilcloth
coverings, and woolen blankets." He arrived at Indianapolis
September 24. On the 27, he left again for West Virginia, with

a large lot arrived
e instantly distrib-

3 for Indianapolis,

full power to take the needed articles from Government stores
wherever he could find them, whether large or small quantities.

He examined at Wheeling, Grafton, Clarlcsburg, Webster,
and at all the smaller po.sts, as also at nearly all the places in
Western Virginia, north of the Kanawha River, where there were
or had been military stores, and returned to Indianapolis three
times before succeeding. October 18, he saw again some of the
regiments, viz., the Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Seventeenth, on
dress parade, much improved in appearance and comfort, since
large supplies had reached them before that time, while yet
many more had not yet come to hand.

October 23, while he was with the army,
amid cheers and general rejoicing, which wei
uted to the men, to their intense delight.

October 25, he started for the last timi
feeling that a good work had been done for our soldie:
Gov. Morton had the pleasure to learn very shortly that the In-
diana soldiers in West Virginia had been well supplied with
everything needed, and that all were comfortable.

Rumors were constantly coming of the deplorable condition
of Indiana soldiers in hospitals in Missouri, and especially in St.
Louis. 'Wherefore, on November 4, 1861, Gen. S., with full
power and authority, and instructions from Gov. Morton, left
Indianapolis for Si Louis. At that point there were fifteen or
twenty hospitals. He visited them all, and foiind out the condi-
tion of Indiana soldiers there. Many were very sick, and great
numbers died; but he discovered that by far the greatest num-
ber were really despondent and homesick; and that what they
needed was a furlough of thirty or sixty days to see wife and
babies, and that with that they would come out all right and re-
tiu-n in good spirits; and he told Gov. Morton so, and asked for
all his influence to accomplish that result. The request was cheer-
fully granted, and with that and by the generous aid and co-opera-
tion of Gen. Curtis, who was a very kind and humane officer, he got
an order that he might pass through the hospitals, and that who-
ever he should select for the purpose should be furloughed home
without delay. This was surely an extensive and remarkable
order, and its execution was much hindered and obstructed by
some of the Surgeons, and by Gen. Curtis' Adjutant. Their
opposition caused, however, only some delay. Many of the
orders to the surgeons to prepare the men to leave with rations,
etc. , and all furloughs and transportation orders Gen. Stone had
himself to prepare ready for signature, because that officer would
do nothing only as he was obliged to do, and even that very un-
kindly and ungraciously. The General's plan was to go through
a hospital with the Surgeon (and many of them performed the
duty gladly, while some did not), take down the names of those
who needed to be furloughed, with company, regiment and resi-
dence, and the same night fill up their furloughs, get them
signed the next morning, and have tlie men sent home forthwith.
In this way by November 22, he had obtained furloughs for over
five hundred men. He found the men at Pilot Knob in good
condition, under Col. (afterward Gov.) Baker. November 26, he
left St. Louis for Syracuse, Tipton, Otterville and Sedalia, find-
ing the Eighth, Eighteenth, Twenty-second and Twenty-fifth In-
diana. The vayious churches, schoolhousos, etc., were taken for
hospitals. He visited the hospitals frequently and did all he
could for the soldiera in them. Tlie regiments were paid at that
time, and, by request of the officers and men of those regiments,
Gen. S. brought to Indianapolis for the Eighth, Eighteenth,
Twenty -second. Twenty -fourth, Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth
Indiana on the 18th of December, 1861, about $18,000, and ex-
pressed it according to directions, into various parts of the State.

SECOND VISIT TO MISSOURI.

During the latter part of January, 1862, he visited the army
again, in Western Missouri, and brought home for the Eighth,
Twenty- fourth and Twenty-sixth Regiments and Frybarger's
Battery, $15,484.60. The last of March, 1862, he left Indian-
apolis for Pea Ridge, Arkansas'? His mission was to do the
soldiers all the good he could, and bring home such sums of
money from the army as our men might wish to send. He went
fi'om Indianapolis by rail to St. Louis, and so to Rolla, Mo., and

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

thence to Springfield and Pea Eidge by a wagon road, traveling
more than two hundred miles of mud road, and on horseback.
All along this dreary road he found worn-out, sick and wounded
soldiers, with a furlough, but no money, many of them lying by
the wayside or sheltered from the storm in some old shed or
worthless outbuilding, helpless and penniless. These he for-
warded by the numerous Government wagons going back empty
from the army at the front to BoUa for supplies. Several hos-
pitals were at Springfield, and many sick and wounded men, all
of whom he visited and assisted as far as was in his power, fur-
loughing many of them to their homes.

At Bentonville, five or six miles from the battle-field of Pea
Eidge, Ark., almost every house and the court house were used
as hospitals, and he found there great numbers of wounded men,
and some sick.

The main army was located near the battle-ground of the
Pea Eidge tight. While he was there, the soldiers received
payment of their dues, and the Eighth, Eighteenth and Twenty-
second Eegiments of infantry, and Klauss' Battery sent home by
him $58,049.55.

On the 26th of April, 1862, he started for Pittsburg Land-
ing, via Louisville, to care for the sick and wounded there. At
Jeflfersonville, he found 160 wounded men, just arrived; but the
ladies of that city had them in charge, and they were doing well,
being located in a large hall. April 2S, 1862, he hired the
steamer W. \\ . Crawford at S300 per day, they to furnish tlie
hands, and he the provisions and the fuel, for the transportation
of the sick and wounded from the Shiloh battle. The same day,
they took on board those wounded soldiers and landed them at
New Albany, where were fine hospital accommodations. Taking
a supply of stores, and stopping on the way at Smithfield, Padu-
cah. Fort Henry ajid Savannah, to visit the hospitals there, the
steamer reached Pittsburg Landing May 2, 1862, at 5 P. M.
That boat was the first State supply boat that had arrived aftei
the battle. The same evening, four other State boats arrived,
all trying to be first Cincinnati had furnished, with great
pomp, a fine steamer, the Glendale, with splendid apportion-
ments. Among other things, she had on board a large calliope,
and, knowing that she was ahead of the others last mentioned,
and thinking she was the earliest steamer to arrive at this battle-
field, and that Gov. Morton was beaten for once, the evening be- i
ing fine and still, the music from ihe steam calliope could be 1
heard for miles on the placid river. !

To quote the exact words of Gen. Stone's account: "As the
Cincinnati steamer passed along by our steamer, which was so
infinitely inferior in all her appearances, yet containing all the
needful comforts and supplies for the occasion, some one called
out, "What boat is that?" The answer was, "The Crawford,
Gov. Morton's boat, from Indiana." One loud shout was heard
from the Glendale, and shortly afterward a gentleman came on
board our steamer and told me he was the only man from Indi-
ana on the Glendale; and that all the way on the trip he was
annoyed by parties claiming that Morton was beaten for once
and Ohio would now step to the front as the most diligent State;
that he always loved our State and the promptness and effect-
iveness of our noble war Governor, but that now he loved us all
better than ever. ' '

On the 5th of May, the steamer went up to Hamburg, a few
miles above the battle-field, and took on board 200 sick and
wounded men, arriving with them at Evansville May 7, 1862, at
9 P. M., and by 5 P. M. of the 8th, they were all' comfortably
fixed in the hospitals, and supplies were all on board for another
trip up the Tennessee. The boat reached Pittsburg Landing
May 10, 9:30 P. M., and, by the evening of May 12, there had
been taken on board at the Landing, at Hambiu-g, at Savannah
and at Paris Landing 213 sick and wounded men, some of them
very sick. The steamer arrived at Evansville May 14, 1 A. M.,
and left again for Pittsburg Landing at 7 P. M. that same even-
ing, arriving May 16 at 9 P. M. On the 17th, they took on
board 23 men and 153 at Hamburg, some of them being not In-
diana soldiers. Fifty men were left at Mt. Vernon, Ind., and
the rest were taken to Evansville. The vessel returned again to

the Landing, arriving May 23. But little more remained to be
done. Twenty-four men were transferred from Hamburg to the
Landing. Gov. Morton having been at the front for some time,
came on board May 24, and, on the 25th, the steamer left the
Landing, making verv fast time, for Cairo, reaching that place
Mav 26, 4:05 A. M.

On the same day, at 6:30 P. M., Gen. Stone left Cairo for
the Lower Mississippi. He made Columbus, Kv.. bv 8 P. M.,
Hickman by 9:30 P. M., New Madrid, Mo., bv "midnight, and
left at 8 A. M., May 27. They arrived at the fleet that had
opened the river for a certain distance at 5:30 P. M. The rebels
still had the river below. Gen Stone heard cannon and picket
firing, but saw no general engagement. May 29, the steamer
left on her return passage with all the sick and wounded that
could be got, and left thtmat Newburg. May 31, 1862, he re-
turned to Evansville and discharged the boat, after a service of
thirty- four days.

June 1, 1802, he visited all the hospitals, finding them very
full but scrupulously clean and in fine condition and the men all
doing well and as a rule improving fast.

CUMBERLAND GAP.

June 2, he arrived at Indianapolis, and, at 6:30 P. M., June
7, set out by rail for Cumberland Gap via Louisville and Lex-
ington. We quote again;

' ' Arrived at Louisville on the morning of June 8, where I
purchased a lot of sanitary supplies for the sick, which were
understood to be lying all along the road fi-om Lexington to the
Gap. Left Louisville for Lexington with the stores on the
morning of the 10th; arrived at Lexington that evening; on the
11th, purchased more stores, visited the two hospitals at Lexing
ton had a wagon train furnished, the goods loaded and a start
made for the Gap by 2 P. M. My mode of conveyance was the
same as that of the wagonmaster — on horseback. The road to
travel and haul the stores was more than 100 miles.

On this long and dreary and mostly mountainous road, at
little towns and at farmhouses, we found soldiers needing at-
tention which was promptly given.

The people through this whole region were loyal to the core.
On the 15th of June we reached Barboursville, where the sick
belonging to the Forty-ninth Indiana wore found. They were
mostly in hospital t«nts under the shade of trees, and, though the
weather was intensely hot, they were doing very well.

When I began to divide out to them the oranges, lemons, jel-
lies and other nice things that I had brought, I wished most
heartily that the whole loyal North could have been there to see
the sight. The most the poor fellows could do was to shed tears
like showers of rain, and, when they saw the few dozens of live
chickens that had been brought with so much trouble along that
hot and dreary road (for we had to throw water upon them fre-
quently), their joy knew no bounds. The boys proposed to cor-
ral the chickens under the shade and throw a guard around them
to keep them in sight, which was actually done.

On the lyth, we proceeded to the Gap, which had been evac
uated by the rebels a few days before, and visited nearly all our
Indiana men.

Many of the natives were returning to their homes, whence
they had been driven.

June 22, I started on my return well-ni^h loaded down with
letters from the officers and men of the Thirty-third and Forty-
ninth Eegiments. Arrived at Lexington June 25, having trav-
eled on horseback 408 miles, and reached Indianapolis the same
evening.

RICHMOND, KY.

In the latter part of August, 1862, a fearful fight occun-ed
near Eichmond, Ky. The rebels were veteran troops, but the
Union forces were raw recruits who had seen no service and knew
nearly nothing of the use of arms, or of maneuvering. So far as
they knew they fought like veterans, but they were overpowered
and either captured or dispersed. Great numbers were taken
prisoners, and many, perhaps one-third, got back to the Ohio
Eiver, and, as fast as they arrived, they were put under guard;
and, when I found them on the 7th of September, 1862, they were

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

encamped in a filthy place on Bear Grass Creek, just above
Louisville, with neither tents nor utensils, and thoroughly de-
moralized. They looked as though they felt utterly forsaken,
and told me so. But when they saw me, they thanked God for
Morton. These men were from the Twelfth, Sixteenth, Sixty-
sixth, Sixty-ninth and Seventy-first Regiments. I called at once
upon Gen. Boyle, who I knew was an intelligent, warm-hearted
and generous man.

Gen. Buel! had only that day put Gen. Gilbert in command
of Kentucky. Gen. Boyle said that if he had the power, our
men should be sent home at once, that Gov. Morton could not
ask anything that he would not do for him; but unfortunately
he had no power in the matter.

At this moment Gen. Gilbert came in, and when told my bus-
iness and my wishes, he flew into a rage and broke out (in sub- j
stance) thus; |

•'Your Indiana men acted and fought like d — d cowards, as
they are — all of them — and deserve no mercy. I have them
under guard, and (with a cruel oath) I will keep them there till
they rot before one of them shall go home." This seemed so
nnsoldieilike, so ungeutlemanly, so utterly uncalled for, that I
was provoked as well, and once or twice with my hand on my
revolver, was tempted to use it on him. I bore it, however,
knowing that if I accomplished anything I must keep cool, and
I did. I telegraphed to Morton forthwith, and he got an order
from the commander at Cincinnati, who happened to rank Gil-
bert, to send the men home. The next morning, I called at his
headquarters; he would not see me, doing the business only
through his Adjutant. 1 could hear, however, what he said to j
him. Said he, on reading the order from Cincinnati through
Morton: "Order Gen. Craft to place these men under Gen.
Lucas; give them transportation across the river, and make them
report to the camp there. Not a man of them shall go home."

When the Adjutant came out and wrote the order, I asked
him as a favor that he would let me carry it to Col. Lucas, as I
was going there immediately. He granted my request, and I
took the paper, not, however, to Col. Lucas, for he did not know
of the order till years since the war closed. I determined to
withhold the order from Col. Lucas, and did so Since, to have
reported to him would have defeated my entire object. It was,
indeed, a technical violation of that General's order, but a sub-
stiintial compliance with the command under which he had acted,
and I risked the action for the good of the sei-vice and those
poor wo-begone soldiers, and the deed had one prime merit,
viz., success; for we had those men not in camp, but home in a
few hours, grateful and happy; and when the call came for them
to return to the front, they responded with hearty good will.

Reports frequently reached the ears of Gov, Morton of the
needy condition of the sick and wounded down the Mississippi,
and e.specially near Vieksburg, when the siege under Grant was
in progress.

May 25, 1863, I left Evansville at 12:30 P. M.., with fifty-
five surgeons and assistants, with a full supply of hospital and
sanitary stores, on the steamer Courier. We left Cairo May 27
at 9 A. M., and at Memphis were compelled to take coal enough
for the round trip.

Soon after leaving Memphis, we were obliged to wait and be
conveyed by gunboats down the river, as the banks were swarm-
ing with ai'med men ready to take us in at any moment

We arrived, May 31. at the mouth of the Yazoo, as far down
as we dared to go. In company with Dr. Bullard, an eminent
physician of Indianapolis, who died also and was brought home
June 20 following, and others, we called on Gen. Grant at his
headquarters, and went thence to those of Gen. Hovey, remain-
ing at the latter place all night. Gen. Hove)', being a Hoosier
General, had most of the Indiana soldiers vmder his command,
and that fact enabled us to accomplish readily and properly the
object of our mission.

A large part of our stores were turned over where .we thought
they would do the most good, as also many of our Surgeons;
starting on the return trip June 2, 1803, taking a few sick at
Lake Piovidence, and some others at Helena, and, ascending un-
der guard, as we had been on the downward passage, receiving,
also, seventy-five Indianians at Memphis, Evansville was
reached June 8, 2:80 A. M. The men were transferred to the
hospitals forthwith, and I ai'rived at Indianapolis the same

June 2S, 1863, we left Evansville on the steamer City Belle,
with seventeen Siu'geons and nurses on board, nearly all from
Randolph County.

A large part of the downward ti-ip was made with our steamer
tied alongside of a gunboat, and the arrival at Vieksburg took
place July 4, 1S()3, the day of the .surrt'nder. As usual the
" Morton boat " was ahead. On the 5th, the camps surrounding
the city were visited, and stores were liberally fnmiKlied to four
teen Indiana regiments.

W'e left Vieksburg at 8 A. M. (day not stated) on the return
trip. Some sick were received from Young's Point, as also from
the hospital steamer Nashville, taking also the corpse of Dr. El-
liot who had gone down the river on our former trip. The
steamer arrived at Evansville July 15; the sick were transfeiTed
to the hospitals, and we left at once for Indianapolis, arriving
there to find the city in a blaze of excitement over the Morgan
raid.

This brief and imperfect statement gives only a slight idea of
the wonderful activity of the State of Indiana in all its modes
of action under that peerless Governor, Oliver P. Morton. Time
fails to recount and space to record even a tithe of the ceaseless
exertions constantly put forth, and with unequaled success, to
care for, to protect, to comfort and to bless the soldier boys from
the Hoosier State scattered over the whole vast conflict. And
in this noble attempt at succor to the soldier, and this grand ac-
complishment in his behalf, it is due to Randolph County to
state the unquestioned fact that one of hev trusted and honored
citizens, loyal and enthusiastic, active and untiring, energetic and
persevering, was thankful to have enjoyed the privilege of render-
ing very great and very valuable aid in bringing to pass the glori-
ous result ; and many a brave soldier at the front, many a sick and
wounded one in hospital or in camp, and many a wife and
mother at home, found, during that sad, melancholy time, abun-
dant reason to thank God and take courage for the labors accom-
plished by our faithful and patriotic fellow-citizen in behalf of
those who were suffering in imminent peril and utmost need.

MrsJarthaEDemort

William H. Demory

Residelo. uf lliLuUC,! !i Oemory, White River Tp Randolph Co Ino

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TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.

[N the Bucieeding pages, we give the tiepai-ate history of the
. various townships, taking them substantially in thb atAet of
their settlement, excepting Winchoster, the couuty seat, with
its township. It will be remembered that several items— viz.,
formation, education, religion, agriculture, attorneys, physicians,
roads and bridges, pikes, btinks, the press, military aflaira, rem-
iniscences, early settlement, colored people, etc. — are given under
the head of the county as a whole, and for such information the
reader is directed to the several titles named respectively. It
will be noticed, also, that biography is distributed under various
heads — clergymen, attorneys, business, physicians, military his-
tory, colored people, township history and miscellany.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Some account of the first creation and settlement of the town
has been furnished under the title " Organization."

We proceed to give a more full and detailed statement of
matters connected with this "iitst, this central town, for many
years the only one, and for many more the principal village in
Randolph County.

The town was laid out in 1819, upon Section 20, Tovmship
20, Range 14, by authority of the county, for the county seat

Land donated by Charles Conway (00). John Wright (50),
David Wright (10), David Stout (18), Daniel Petty (20).

The land donated consisted of 15S acres, and the plat com-
prised 108 inlots, twenty-six outlots, a public square and a pub-
lic commons.

The sti-eets were; North and south, East. Main, Meridian.
West; east and west. North, Washington, Franklin, South.

The record of the plat was not made till 1833.

First addition, Jere Smith's, five lota. Subdivision of Out-
lot 1 and part of 2, in the southwest square, between Franklin
and South, and east of Main. Recorded February 10. 1847.

Second addition, Paul AV. Way, agent. Thirteen lots. Be-
tween Franklin and Washington. A. D.Way, Sui-veyor.

Recorded February 10, 1847.

Third addition, Monks', George W. Monks, proprietor.
Thirty-three lots, southwast of old plat, west of West street.

New streets: East and west, Goorge and AVill; north and
south, Wall. Recorded July 13, 1849.

Fourth addition, Mumma's, John Mumraa, proprietor. Two
hundred and sixty-nine inlots, nine outlot.«. T. C. Puckett,
siu-veyor. Location, chiefly north of railroad.

New streets: East and west, Pearl, Railroad (avenue;.
Third, Fourth, Fifth, Short; north and south, Residence, east of
East street Recorded June 9, 1851.

Fifth addition, Ludy's. Henry Ludy, Samuel P. Ludy, pro-
prietors. Ninety-six lots. T. C. Puckett, surveyor. Location,
oast of original plat. Recorded December 26, 1851.

Sixth addition, Mumma's extension, John Mumma, proprietor.

Outlots 10 to 28; nineteen inlots. E. L. Watson, surveyor.

Location, north of Short street and east of Residence street.

Recorded October 18, 1853.

Seventh addition, Frazee's, W. D, Frazee, proprietor

Sixteen lots, south of South street. Recorded July 12, 1854.

Eighth addition, Cottom's, John W. Cottom, jjroprietor.
Twenty lots.

Location, between Main and Meridian, south of Monks' Addi-
tiofa. Streets: East and west, George and Orange. (Re-plat-
^ ted as FerHs' Addition July 17, 187(5.) Recorded July 9, 1856.

Ninth addition, Cheney's. J. J. Cheney, proprietor.

Eight lots. Subdivision of Outlots *) and 7, northeast
, s(|uare. Recorded November 1, 1864.

Tenth addition, Browne's, T. M. Bro^vne, proprietor.

Eight lots. South of George, between Meridian and Wevst.

Recorded June 27. 1867.

Eleventh addition, Frazee's necond, W. D. Frazee, proprietor.

Eight lots. Southwest jiart of town, south of George and
west of West street Recorded August 16, 1869.

Twelfth addition. Colgrove's, Silas Colgrove, proprietor.

Twenty- four lots. Northwest part of town, between West
and Meridian, on both sides of Sixth street

ReoxDrded May 20, 1870.

Thirteenth addition, Stone's, Asahel Stone, proprietor.

One lot, south of Orange, west of Main, and east of Fort
I Wa.yne Railroad. Recorded May 9, 1873.

I Fourteenth addition, Cheney & Watson's, J. J. Cheney and E.
: L. Watson, proprietors.

' Seventy-eight lots, southeast from public square, on both
i sides of Salt Creek.

New streets: East and west Elm, Carl; north and south.
Richmond, High. Recorded November 23, 1874.
i Fifteenth addition, Macy's, W. W. Macy, proprietor.
' Seven lots, subdivision of Outlot 5, southwest square.

Recorded April 12, 1875.

Sixteenth addition, Bosworth's, Richard Bosworth, proprietor.

Eighteen lots, west of Colgrove's Addition.

Recorded April 16, 1875.
^ Seventeenth addition, A. J. Neff's. A. J. Neflf, proprietor.
I Seventeen lots, between South and Will streets, and west of
; Wall street Recorded June 17, 1875.

Eighteenth addition, Engle & Markle's, Edmund Engle, J.
! E. Markle, proprietors.

I Ninety-four lots, ea.st of Cheney & Watson's plat, south of
] Greenville pike. New streets: North and south, Oak; east and
' west, Thomson. Recorded August 21, 1875.
I Nineteenth addition, Biggs', J. F. Biggs, proprietor.
I Four- lots, north of Orangt- and east of Wall.

Recorded January 15, 1870.
i Twentieth addition, Stone's Subdivision, Asahel Stone, pro-
' prietor. Eighteen lots. Part of Outlot 1, Stone's Addition.
I Recorded April 12, 1876.

Twenty-first addition, Canada's, AV. W. Canada, proprietor.
j Twelve lots, west of AA'all and north of Orange.
j Recorded May 22, 1876.

Twenty-second addition, Cheney & Watson's second, J. J.
I Cheney, E. L. Watson, proprietors.

Thirty-eight lots neai' their first addition.
New streets: North and south. Broome; east and west, Wat-
son street Recorded June 13, 1876.

Twenty-third addition, Browne & Cheney's, T. M. Browne, J.
J. Cheney, proprietors.

Twelve lots, east of Browne street, southeast part of town.
; Recorded June 26, 1876.

I Tn-enty- fourth addition, Browne's Brookside, Thomas M.
' Browne, pi-oprietor.

III8T0RY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Ten lots, east side of Salt Crepk.
.Hrpets. Recorded April 11, 1877.

The origin and early liiBtory of the town have been given
already in another chapter. We subjoin an article containing
some first things, as also a uiore general history of business in
Winchester in the ))ast.

Both these accounts, are. of course, only partial and fragmen-
tary, as all accounts made up meiVly of verbal statements drawn
from memory must of necessity be.

1. The first hatter's shop in Winchester (and probably in the
county) was by James Oldham, in the building erected by James
McCool for a hotel. Mr. Oldham kept a hatter's shop and hotel.

2. The fir.st hotel was iu the same building, by James McCool,
in 1819, where the post office building now is.

3 The first store was owned by Esquire Odle. It was not
much of a store. It was where George Trvin now lives. The
old house was burned in 1879.

4. The first frame house ( and probably first in the county)
was built by John Sample, in 1S20, upon Lot No. 3, East Front.
There are doubtless more costly and sj)lendid frame dwellings in
Randolph County in ISSl than that was, but not one today
which gave more solid comfort to the occupant than that same
frame house, the first in Randolph County.

•"1. John Way set up his smith shop in lS2y. There had
probably been some other, but the fact is now beyond recall.

6. Jesse Way began his store in 18B2 or 1833.

7. Mary Reeder came to Winchester in 1823, residing upon
Lot No. 2, West Front, and removing afterward to Inlot No. 12.
southeast squiu-e, upon which she still resides.

8. The court house and jail were built in 181'.l and 18 JO. the
one by Abner Overman, and the other by Albert Banta.

9. The public square was cleared of the forest trees by the
laborious process of chopping and burning. The work was per-
formed in 1819 or 1820, by David Lesley, then a young man,
just come to the county, now a venerable old gentleman of four-
score, father of Daniel Lesley, School Superintendent of Ran-
dolph County.

10. The second court house (brick) was contracted in 1820.-
and ready for occupancy in 1828.

n. For various first things, see "First Things" for the

12. The first schoolhouse was built of logs, with the ends
[irojiicting at the corners. It stood where now is located the res-
idence of A. Aker, Jr. , on Washington, corner of Washington
and East, west side of Salt Creek. Being built before 1830, it
was burned down, with " all the books," in 183(;. Doubtless
some prominent citizen (one or more) who graduated (minus a
Latin diploma, however) from that " log-cabin college " so long,
long ago, is still living, who looks back to his Alma Mater with
affection for the instruction imparted to him on those rude
binches, and with regret for the books (perhaps only one book)
of his, irrecoverably lost when that midnight conflagi-ation laid
that old schoolhouse in ashes.

13. Moorman Way had the first caliinet shop soon after the
establishment of the town.

14. Mocjrman Way had a carding machine very early, run hy
h()rse)iower (sometimes bj' ox-power),

l.i. Danie! Pettv also had a carding machine. (>a.st of town
on Salt Creek. It was driven by hor.se-power, too.

IG. The first grist-mill in the county is thought ))V some to
h.-ive been built by William AVright, at the mouth of Salt Creek,
near Winchester. He had "gray-heads" for mill stones, and
his wheat-bolt was o|)eratod by hand, each customer bolting his
own grist.

17. The first physician may have been Dr. Davis.

15. The firet. Justice of the Peace ujay have been Es(|uire
Odle, or John Wright perhaps both at once in the township.

19. Thomas Hanpa began selling goods, perhaps in 1824.
His store was in a house at the west end of Thomas Ward's

building. He continued in business four yeare, and was bough:
out by Andrew Aker in 182S.

20. The first steam grist-mill (and the first in the county
was erected about 1835. by Elias Kizer and Daniel Haworth.
That engine of theire was the first steam-power in the county, anc
in those days it was a sight to behold.

21. Probably the first wagon shop in Winchester, and in the
county, was carried on by Thomas Butterworth, beginning, per
haps, in 1830. Mr. Butterworth had also a sawmill, a cardinp
machine and a grist-mill. He seems to have been an active cit
izen. and his sudden find untimely death (by the exploding of t
cannon caused by his efforts to unspike it) must have been a sad
loss to the community, as well as to his bereaved family. Hit
widow is still living, and in Winchester, having married again,
and being now the second time, for many years, a widow.

22. The first saw-mill spoken of is the one ownea <.._. 'T'honiiif
Butterworth between 1.S30 and 184."). He came in tlie lonuc-
and was killed in the latter year.

23. The first religious denomination in Winchester was per-
haps the Methodists. No reliable account is at hand of their
eai'ly doings in the place.

24. The first meeting-house is supposed to have been built by
the Presbyterians in about 1853. It still stands, though no lon-
ger used for a church. It is rather a curious fact that, for thirty
four years, Winchester was without a meeting-house, and no
place for religious service, except, indeed, those (though not very
convenient, yet available) substitutes, the court house and the
county seminary, both of which had. of course, to do duty in this
respect in that town. A key to the backwardness of the place i 11
business enterprise, and to the lack of general prosperity in
times past, luay be found, at leiist in part, in this very fact. A
town with no religious faith nor life is a very good place to moyi>
away from, but is not considered a very good place to immi
grate to.

2-'"). Asa Teal had a grocery a long while ago. though thi>
time cannot now be given.

2(). Among the early attorneys may be named Zachariah
Puckett, Jeremiah Smith. Moorman Way. There were perhaps
some earlier than these, but their names are not now at hand.
Zachariah Puckett was admitted iu 1834; Jeremiah Smith, in
1837; and Moorman Way and Siias Colgrove, in 1839.

27. The county seminary was opened for school March, 1842.
under the instinictions of Prof. Farris, then a young but active
and enthusiastic teacher, and since famous for his success in that
line, but now sleeping low beneath the " clods of the valley" for
half a score of years. '

28. AVinchester was incorporated as a town in 1838, thirty
eight voters favoring the mea.sure, iind none opposing it.

Many more first things might perhaps have been discovered
with pains enough, but these are all we have had time to get
hold of.

We give below some statements concerning the business of
the town during the past years, furnishing such information con-
cerning the matter as we have been able to obtain. The plaice
has been settled so long (sixty-three years) that nearly all the
persons that were grown at that time and living in the vicinity
are dead, imd to find oxit much about those ancient times has
been a task indeed.

Mrrrhitiits. — John Odle kept the first store, in a building
which burned down in 1879. George Burkett had a store also,
not long afterward, in 1821, and kept store for some years.

Thomas Hanna began as a merchant about 1824. He had his
establishment on the west end of Thomas Ward's building.
After about four years. Andrew Aker bought him out, in 1828.
Mr. Aker kept on in the business for several years, having, as is
thought, the only store in the county, and carrying a large and
various .>;tock, and buying fm-s, peltry, ginseng, deer's bams, su-
gar, and all sorts of forest and farm produce, and selling every
thing which was needed in the region, and customers coming
from Muncie. Marion. Salamouie (Jay County), etc. There was
no store north of Newjiort, and not many, north of Richmond, and
none west nor north as far as you pleased to go.

'Winchester, Randolph, Co. Ind;
iY GEN. A. STONE, 1680.
ON Limits of Winchester

Res. 0* Alexahoer Almonrode, White River Tp. Randolp« Co* Ind.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

209

Jesse Way bought the building of George Biirkett and set up
a store in 1S33, and did an extensive business in 1S45. He
broke himself by dealing in iiork, which was the lui'o and the
curse of merchants of those days, the price varying beyond all
calculation or prevention, and sweeping out in a single year all
a man chose to invest. Andrew Aker and Mr. Way were selling
goods for several years at the same time.

Levi Coffin had a stock of goods at Wiuchfster for a little
while, but that store was soon sold out or taken away.

Goodrich & Brother erected a brick building after 1834, and
put in a stock of goods, which they kept up for several years. It
stood on the north side of East Washington street, west of the
livery stable, and is now occupied by a saloon.

D. J. & J. W. Cottom came in J 843, and became heavy deal-
ers in a general business, which they continued till 1850.

They are said to have outdone all who came before them, and
many think that no house in Winchester since their day has
equaled them in the amount of business done in tliat line.

They failed, however, at last, through the uncertainties and
liabilities of their trade.

To sell on credit is so easy, find to collect old bills is so hard,
and old, unpaid accounts will not pay debts.

John Richardson has been for many years one of the leading
merchants of Winchester, beginning in 1850. He now is a mer-
chant tailor.

Since those times, the merchants of Winchester have become
more numerous, and to give a detailed account of them would
occupy too much time and space.

Carding Machines, etc. — Moorman Way and Daniel Petty
each had a carding machine, both of which did work for awhile,
the latter for eight or ten years. Thomas Butterworth and Eli-
sha Martin owned one between 1889 and 1845.

John D. Carter, after working with Butterworth & Martin,
and setting up a carding machine tirst of his own at Huntsville,
in 1849, built one at Winchester in 1851, had it burned in a few
months, and moved to Union City, Ohio, his family, he says, be-
ing the first in that place. He returned again to Winchester
after a residence in various other places in 18(52, and in 18G6 he
built the New York Block for a woolen factory, and in 1809, pur-
chased the old seminary, and has operated there, weaving, spin-
ning, etc., for several years, but leaving off weaving forsome years
past. He is now (1881) erecting a new and more extensive
factory, on the bank of Salt Creek, in the southeast part of
town.

Grist- Mills.— A grist-mill was built by William Wright at
the mouth of Salt Creek, which Jesse Way thinks was the first
mill in the county. If so, it must have been established as early
as 1818. His mill-stones were gray-heads, and his bolt was
turned by hand, like all the rest in those days.

Messrs. Kizer & Haworth built the first steam mill in the
county about 1835, in the east part of town.

After that, Mr. Roberts built one in the north part of town,
which stood for many ycai's.

Next came the brick warehouse and mills near the depot.
The east end was erected by John Mumma for a warehouse, and
the west end was added by Elisha Martin.

The mill works were put in by Hoaston Brothers in 1807.
They sold to Robison, Wysong & Miller; theytoColton & Bates,
in 3873; and in 1876, Bates Bros. & (Jo. became owners, and
they are bo still. They are enterprising men, and, in 1881, re-
newed the works, putting in machinery for Jonathan Mills' sys-
tem of gradual reduction, which makes flour mostly without
grinding. This mill is one of the finest in the county, having a
capacity of 150 barrels per day.

Cabinet Shops. — Moorman Way set up a cabinet shop not far
from 1831; then came Philip Allen, and after him, Ernestus
Strohm, in partnership, for a time, with Andrew Aker. Mr.
Aker has a sideboard now, the first costly article of fumitui'o
made in the county, worth at that time $175, which was built by
Mr. Strohm, and was the first thing he made, to show what he
could do. After that shop came Hirsch & Wesp, in 1856, and then
Helms & Diggs. Mr. Hirsch has now a large establislunent, both
for manufacture and for sale. J. L. Stakebake also has an ex-

tensive stock of elegant antl substantial fiirnitm-e for the supply
of ti'ade of that sort.

Lumber Trade. — The lumber trade has never been very large.
It was started chiefly by Neff. Teal & Co.

They began the black walnut trade in 1805. aad in 1871. a
pine lumber company was formed, iinder Uie name of Neff, Teal
& Fisher, which was dissolved in 1879. Col. Nefi' is at present
employe<l as agent for Osterhaut & Fox, lumber-dealer.s. Grand
Rapids, Mich.

The lumber business is now carried on in Winchester by A.
G. Campfield, coming in 1875, and again in 1880. He has been
for some years the proprietor of a saw-mill and liunber works,
which furnish an extensive supply to the region. His works were
bui'ned a few year's ago, inflicting upon the enterprising owner a
loss of .$0,000; but they are rebuilt, and are running as briskly

Co)i^/'((r/()c,s. —Chief am'.mg the contractors in former times
have been Martin A. Reeder and Asahel Stone.

In later time, Mr. Campfield has figured in that line, building
the new court house and now the jail.

Latterly, Gen. Stone has turned his activity into another
channel; but Mr. Reeder, though growing into years, is still en-
gaged in his lifelong employment, which has been an honorable
and a useful vocation, and highly valuable to the community at
largo, though, like many other toilsome occupations, not re
markably remunerative to himself.

At present, A. G. Campfield leads all others in executing con-
tracts, his work being mostly or wholly very largo buildings,
couii houses, jails, etc.

Grain-Dealers. — Elisha Martin was the fii'st extensive grain-
dealer. Thomas AV. Kizer has handled grain for some years.
Helms & Bishop and John Neff now deal in gi-ain. Joseph Ed-
gor followed the business for a time, as also Goodiich & Semuns
Bates Bros. & Co. buy largely, chiefly for milling pm-posos, their
establishment maldng several hundred bushels daily into floiu*
for consumption at home and abroad.

Undertakers. —J dim. W. Diggs has followed this Ijusiness for
thirty years or more, and is still engaged therein. Within a
short time, J. L. Stakebake has taken it uj) also.

Licerij Stables, — The first livery stable was set up by Mr.
Green, about 1854 or 1855. After that. Green & AshviJle. and
doubtless many others. We have no detailed account of that
branch of business.

Boot and Shoe Stores. — In old times, these things were a
part of a general slock in trade, though mostly they v'cro
made to order by hand in the shoe shops, or at home, in fact, as
they often were. The prominent dealers in boots and shoes have
been John Routh, south of ptiblic square; S. W. Wolverton,
southeast corner of Main and Washington; and A. R. Hiatt &
Son, north side of Washington, near- the bank. Others have cur-
ried this kind of stock more or less at different times.

Hardware.— Tho first hardware store was kept by Mr. Bru-
ner. After his came that of Thomas Ward, and he was succeid-
ed by A. R. Hiatt, who is in business still, north of public square.
There is also another hardware house, owned by Helms & Bishop,
east side of public square, as also one on the west side, Crauor Bros.

William Moore was engaged in hardware, disiwsing of his
stock to Helms & Bishop.

Drug Stores. — Many years ago. Dr. Woody sold drugs in
Winchester. After him came Rush & Kizer, in 1849, which has
continued ever since, and is probably the oldest establishment
in the town. It is now carried on by his son in connection with
a son of Gideon Shaw, Esq. , under the tii'm name of Kizer &
Shaw, begun in 1878.

William Pierce kept drug store for some years, and sold out
to J. C. Hirsch, who is still conducting the establishment, hav-
ing been engaged thus for some twenty-four years.

Besides that, there are William Reed, who bought of Mrs.
Hebbai-d, and also Dr. Carver.

Grocers. — Groceries iwed to be sold as a part of a general stock.

Asa Teal had a grocery years ago.

Dr. Bruce and his father-in-law carried on a business of this

300

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Of late years, Thomas Besi began in 1872, and G. G. Keller
in 1869. The number of grocers has been legion. To give an
account of them, or to keep track of their ins and outs, would be
out of the question.

Physicians. — Among earlier physicians may b(3 named Messrs.
Davis, Lemraon, Bruce, Beverly, Hiatt, Listen, Woody, Benja-
min Puckett, Brickley, Bosworth.

Physicians at present: Dre. Bruce, Markle, Smith, Cheno-
weth, Evans, Alexander. Botkiu, Hiatt. Beverly, Carver, Bosworth.

Dentists. — Drs. Herron, Ballard, Huddleston, Puckett.

Saw- Milh.— The: first saw-mill remembered was owned by
Thomas Butterworth before 1845. Others have been owned by
Solomon Yunker, John Chapman. Hinshaw & Son, etc.

Josiah Hutchens built a steam saw-mill on the north side of
Franklin street. Elisha Mai'tin owned it awhile, and then it
burned down.

Mr. Knecht get up a saw-mill in the west part of town, which
was owned at+.erward by Neff, Teal & Co., and, still later, by A.
G. Camplield. The mill was burned, but has been rebuilt by
him, and it is now doing a large business.

Harness- Making. — Alfred Kossmau began this business in
Winchester in 1838, and has been engaged therein ever since, up
to 1875. His shop was first of the kind in the ooimty. Before
that, his brother, James Kossman, of Hamilton, Ohio, used to
come through the place with saddles for the Indian trade at Fort
Wayne, and to supply -iker & Bros., in Winchester. Mr. Ross-
man made the first saddle manufactured in Randolph County.
It was a beauty— full-quilted, covered with blue-black buckskin,
prepared by the Indians. He sold the saddle to Michael Aker
for $50. but. Mr. Aker failing shortly, he never got anything for

the

iddle.

Mr. Chapman has been in the same business for many years,
and is working at it yet.

Ra.nks. — Moorman's Bank, by James Moorman, changed to
Farmers' and Merchants' Bank.

National Bank, established in 1805; President, Arthur Mc-
Kew ; changed to Randolph County Bank.

Farmers' and Merchants' Bank, formed April, 1878; Nathan
Reed, President.

Randolph County Bank, October 1, 1878; Asahel Stone, Pres-

Marhlc Bmines>t. — The first operations in marble were by a
Mr. Robert-son, as agent of a marble firm in Sidney, Ohio.
After that. Lady, Stafford & Beebee, engaged in the marble
trade.

In 1858, Daniel E. HofTman came to the town and set up the
business, buying out the existing firm, and ho has had the sole
control of stone cutting in Winchester from that day to this.
He began in the old log court house, which was then standing
north of the public square, and in ISO'i he removed to his pres-
ent location, northwest corner of Meridian and Washington
streets. Mr. Hoffman has had an extensive trade, amounting
to from $5,000 to $7,000 a year.

I'rominent Public Men. — lu a centennial sketch of public
men the following are named :

Charles Conway, Jeremiah Smith, George W. Monks, Nathan
Reed, Willis C. Willmore, Nathan Garrett, Thomas W. Roece,
Thomas Word, Asahel Stone, Silas Colgrove. Elihu Cammack.
Thomas Clevenger, William M. Campbell, Hicks K. Wright,
Elias Kizer, Thomas W. Kizer, Jacob Elzroth, Clement F. Al-
exander, William Burros, John J. Chonev, Enos L. Watson, John
B. Goodrich, A. J. Neff, George O. Jcjbes, Thomas L. Scott,
William E. Murray, John W. Jarnagin, E. F. Halliday, A. M.
Owens, James H. Bowen, Ira Swaiu, Isaac P. Gray, H T. Se-
mans, Thomas M. Browne, Henry H. Neff, Moorman Way.

Of course, a large number are omitted in the above list, the
names above including no physicians, clergymen nor teachers,
hardly any Judges nor members of the Legislature, nor men
prominent as active business men in private life.

Si-lvrsmitlis.—Ai-lhm Quick was in the business a long
time, perhaps twenty-fivp or thirty years. He moved to Kansas

The present ones are Messrs. Irvin, Litchard and Klamberg.

Siiiitli Shops.— \s'ho had the first (if any before 1829 or
18:30) is not now known.

Abner Overman, in 1S2(V27, built a frame house on the
northeast corner of Lot No. 2, east front. He sold it to John
Way in the fall of 1829, who moved to it and set up a blacksmith
shop, whore for many years most of the smith work for that
place was done.

L. D. Carter began blacksmith work in Winchester in 185],
and has carried it on ever since, mingling it sometimes with
wagon and caiTiage making.

Meat Shops.—C. C. Monks began the butcher trade in 1S70,
and for eleven years has not missed a day from his shop. His
business is extensive, reaching $8,000 annually. The history of
the meat business in the past for Winchester we have not at hand,
//o/e/.s.— James McCool opened the first hotel in a good two-
story hewed-log house, built by him in 1819, the first year of the
existence of the town. James Oldham owned the building soon
after, and had tavern, dwelling and liatter's shop all in the same
building. Then John Odle bought it and had it for a hotel and
a store for some year.s.

After the new brick court house (in 1820), David Heruslon
used the old one as a hotel; but not long, for he sold out to Paul
W. Way, probably in 1828, who was landlord in ^Vinchester for
a long time. Andrew Aker also opened a hotel in the building
which stood where theWard building now is, soon after Way began.
Jeremiah Smith built the Franklin House in 18:19, which has
been a hotel to this day. Alexander White was the occupant a
long time, then Josiah Montgar, then William Page, and lastly.
Peter Reinheimor, who has been landlord of the Franklin, lo!
these sixteen years or more.

There used to be a hotel standing on the northeast corner of
AVashingtou and Main, kept at different times by Elias Kizer,
Andrew Aker, Henry Carr, Jind perhaps others.

For a time, the Franklin House was alone in its glory.
During some years past, others have sprung up, and now
Martin's Restaui'aut and Lodging-House, the Ii-vin House, the
Wysong House, etc.. greet tlie wishful traveler as he walks th(\
streets of Winchester, anxious to find some sto}iping-place.

About 1871-, Jack Ross opened a hotel, east side of Main
street, north of Washington, which, after standing several years,
was burned, and it hiis not been rebuilt.

Wiiijnn Shoiis. — One of the earliest wagon shops was set up
by Thomas Butterworth about I8:i0. He was killed in 1845.

Thomas Klinck ha.s been engaged in the liusiness for twenty -
nine years, beginning in 1852.

The Carter Brothoi-s also began carriage-making about tho
siune time, caiTying it on till 1862.

In 187:3, L. D. Carter. Frauk Remick and J. H. Gill l.egan
the manufacttu-e of wagons, which fii'm was merged into the
Winchester Wagon Works and Manufactm-ing Comjiany, organ-
ized in 18S1, now having a capital of $75,000 and doing an ex-
tensive business. (See sketch elsewhere.)

Wind-Mill'^.— M&ny years ago, W. V. R. Tooker established
himself in the manufacture of fanning-mills at Winchester. ;uid
for nearly thirty years carried on an extensive and successful
business. Through his kindness in "signing for a friend," ho
was broken up, losing all his hard eai-nings for thirty years, and
he is left in his declining age to renew his battle agaiu.st fate,
and work from day to day to keep the wolf from the door.

From the days of Solomon to the present hour, going surety
has been, and from this day to the end of time it will i)robably
continue to be, the sad and effectual mean.i of sweeping scores
of millions of hard-earned money from the hands of the men who
have, with labor and pains, by economy and self-denial, laid up
a competence for tho weakness of old ago, through the reckless
untlirift of children and friends, into the vortox of bankruptcy,
and will strew the shores of time with wrecked and sad hearted
men drawn into the net thus in a kindly but disastrous hour.

Liquor Sidling. — The records of the courts show hosts of li-
censes for groceries, alias grog shops, through the past history
of tho county, as also scores of trials and convictions for crimes
of all ports — affrays, assaults, thefts, homicides, etc., many of
them committed under the terrible influence of strong tU-ink.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP

301

To write a historj- of the drink trafBo, liore or elsewhere, would
be a dreadful, a heart-sickening task; and from the sad work the
soul instinctively recoils with horror, as from the story of the
plague or the cholera; nay, worse than that, for they seem the
work of causes not apparently controllable by human means, while
the terrible drink traffic is wholly and always the direct and ex-
clusive work of human agents. Well may Cowper's line con-
cerning oppression apply to this traffic:

Wo cannot tind it in ooi' hearts to trace, step by step and in
lengthened detail, the story of this awful business; and the pos-
terity of those who have been or are now engaged therein will
bless us, in days to come, for omitting to record the names of
such as targets for the execration of posterity.

There are now to be found descendants of liquor-makers and
venders, and others, of past years whose cheeks blush to know
the occupation of their progenitors; and public good does not
require the undue exposure of the errors of the past.

Slave-trading, slave-holding, gambling, jjrofanity and other
enormities have once been fashionable and popular. But
they have been swept by the swelling tide of purity into the
catalogue of detestable vices. And such will be the case with
drink and all its accompaniments. And happy will be the heart
in that blessed time that can look back through a long line of
ancestry and find none therein who were ever entangled in any
of these sad, mischievous, destructive things.

License to sell strong drink! License to steal, (o rob, to
strike, to stab, to murder, to commit burglary, adultery, arson!
License to incite men by wholesale to do any and all of these
things, to commit auy and every crime in the black catalogue of
hellish deeds done by human hands! And yet this has been
done. Nay, it is even done now, in this county of ours, and by
upright, justice- loving, tender-hearted Christian men, iinder the
real or supposed obligation of civilized law!

If the story of this business must be told, if it must be re-
corded who have, through long years past; who have, year by
year, put the bottle and the glass to their neighbors' lips, and
made them drunken also, let it be done by another hand than
ours, or at least at another time than this. Let this book rather
record the noble, the heroic, the praiseworthy, the public-spirited
deeds of years gone by, that the ages to come may look upon the
record and rejoice for the virtue and the loving kindness and the
goodness that in those years of toil and hardship and sorrow, by
worthy deeds, laid deep the foundations of a public prosperity
and private advantage.

Thus have we most briefly given a sort of bird's-eye view of
affairs, mentioning a few of the men who have done business in
the town during the days of " auld lang syne." Nothing has
been said in this sketch of that sort of business which springs
from the fact that Winchester is the county seat Some matters
connected with that branch of the subject may be learned from
the chapter on " records " and elsewhere.

Sojne account, also, of the railroads centering at this place
has been given in another part of this work.

The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis or Bee-
Line Kailroad, and the Richmond & Grand Rapids (Shoo-Fly)
Railroad, cross at Winchester, giving opportunity for consider-
able business. In 1853, at the first building of the Bellefontaine
road, the depot was far out of town, but the growth of the place
has brought it into the heart of the town.

It was incorporated as a town in 1838 by popular vote, thirty-
eight votes being cast in favor and none against. It was divided
into five wards, viz. :

First Ward — Northeast square, Elias Kizer, Trustee.

Second Ward — North front and northwest squai'e, Nathan
Garrett.

Third Ward — West front and southwest square, Jeremiah
Smith.

Fourth Ward — South front and southeast square. John D.
Stewart.

Fifth Wai-d— East front, Jesse Way.

The early records of the town- are not accessible. The first
account discovered is under date of October 6, 1855.

The Trustees then were Silas Colgrove, James Brown, Will-
iam W. Smith. Simeon K. Lucas, Mai-tin A. Reeder; John Neff
was Clerk and Treasurer; Benjamin Ramsey was Assessor and
Marehal : James Brown was President of the Board.

May. 1856 — Trustees, James BrowTi, John Routh, Jesse Way,
John W. Diggs, James C. Ennis; John Neff. Clerk and Treas-
urer; Andrew Favorite, Assessor and Marshal.

May, 1858— Trustees, Alexander White, George W. Helms,
Simeon H. Lucas, Henry Carter, W. B. Pierce; M. A. Reeder,
Clerk and Treasm'er; William L. Steele, Assessor and Marshal.

The board agreed to serve gratuitously. It would seem that
the County Commissioners declared the bounds of the town in
June, 1855.

In 1858, an arrangement was made with the Bee-Line Rail-
road to lay a ti-ack to a gravel bank in the region and haul gravel
for the corporation; as also to have the gi-avol placed upon the
streets, the latter at 12J cents per wagon load.

July 20, 1858, John Cronin received for hauling gravel ujjon
the streets, $05.70; railroad received for two days, $140.50;
opening pit, etc., $77.1)0; about 600 loads for $284.10, besides
the cost (if any) at the pit, or about 45 cents per load.

It appears there used to be a town market house, for it was
ordered to be sold at public auction. The town was resnrveyed
by order passed April 30, 1859. The original corners had been
lost, and the chief starting points were declared to be as follows:

1. The northwest corner of the Franklin House.

2. The southeast comer of Jesse Way's brick storeroom, at
the crossing of Main and Washington.

May, 1859— Trustees, H. P. Kizer, Joseph Puckett, John
Ross, William M. Way, Jacob Elzroth; William L. Steele, Clerk
and Treasurer; Thomas J. Hull, .Assessor and Marshal.

June, 1859— G. C. Ennis was appointed Trustee in place of
William M. Way, resigned.

The Treasurer's report from May 7, 1859, to April 30, 1860,
is as follows: Receipts, $370.35; expended, $201.09; on hand,
$169.20. Three hundred and fifty eight yards of gravel had
been hauled upon the streets, at a cost of $90. 78.

May, 1800— Trustees, A. White, J. Packett, A. D. C. Mon-
roe, W. B. Pierce, E. J. Putman: William L. Steele, Clerk;
Joseph K. Dick. Treasurer; James C. Ennis, Assessor and
Marshal.

Note. — J. C. Ennis failed to qualify, and George W. Carter
was appointed in his stead.

1801 — Trustees, White, Helms, Carter, Pierce, Beverly;
Steele, Clerk and Treasurer; Routh, Assessor and Marstal.

Treasurer's report. May, 1801, is as follows: Handled, $185.-
64; paid out, $185.52; on hand, 12 cents.

1862— Trustees, Jeremiah Smith, Neff, Klinck, Doyle, Hall;
John D. Smith, Clerk and Treasurer; George W. Carter, Assess-
or and Marshal.

Treasurer's report: Handled, $91.74; paid out, $36.37; on
hand, $55.37 (low taxes — small expenses— full treasury).

May, 18(52, offices created: Town Surveyor, $2.50 per day,
M. Way; Street Commissioner, $1.25 per day, P. Doyle.

Asahel Stone allowed the town to haul gravel from his bank
free, on condition of keeping his grounds secure by having gates
locked, etc. Patrick McDonnal contracted to haul 600 yards of
gravel at 30 cents.

Neflf resigned as Trustee to enlist in the army; Carter re-
signed as Marshal, ete., and J. K. Dick was put in his place.

April, 1803, Trustees, Smith, Needham, Ross, Richai'dson,
Hull; Robert S. Fisher, Clerk and Treasurer; Reuben B. Fan-a,
Mai'shal and Assessor.

Treasurer's report, dated April, 1803: Debit, $708.90; credit,
$457.07; on hand. $277.20.

May, 1804— Trustees, Reeder, Wilknore, Halliday, Richard
Hull; Bradbury, Clerk and Treasurer; Garrett, Marshal and

Asse

Treasurer's report, 1804: Debit, $1,038.{
a hand, $388.00.

; credit, $050.90:

302

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

May, 18G5, Trustees, Leake, Thomas. Smith, MoAdams; Diggs,
Clerk and Treasiu-er; Smith, Street Commissioner.

A.pril 30, 1809, salaries of officers: Marshal, $50; Clerk, $27;
Ti-easurer, $15; Council, $20 each; Sm-veyor, $15, six days'

May, 180'J— Trustees, Williamsou, Ilirsh, Carter, Halms,
Kreutzer, Shaw, Winters. J. C. Hirsch, Clerk; Ira Tripp, Mai'-
shal and Assessor; H. P. Kizer, Treasurer; Charles Jaqua, Sur-
veyor. Tripp resigned and C. E. Smith was appointed in his
place, Juno 11, 1809.

March, 1870, H. B. Cox was appointed Coimcilman to till a
vacancy in place of Ki'eutzer, moved away. O. M. Mills in place
of J. D. Carter, resigned.

May, 1870 (there would seem to have been seven warda
Changed back to tivo wards) — Trustees, Marlatt, Carter, Bannis-
ter, Winters, Heaston; Keinheimor, Clerk; Alexander, Marshal.
1870, citizens were allowed gi-avel from the city bank for use in
town, free.

1871 (town changed to three wards)— Trastees, Carter, Rich-
ardson, Heaston; H. P. Kizer, Trea.sm-er; J. E. Neff, Clerk; C. C.
Smith, Assessor and Marshal.

April, 1872, Treasurer's receipts, «777.2'.). April, 1873,
Treasiuw's receipts, $740.20.

1873— Trustees, Henry Carter, J. C. Hirsch, N H. Ward;
L. J. Monks, Attorney; W. F. Newton. Marshal and Street
Commissioner; salai-y set at $300 and fees; Moonnan Way,
Engineer.

1874— Trustees, A. SUmo, A. R. Hiatt, A. Favorite; Thomas
Wai-d, Treasurer; P. M. Reinheimer, Clerk; W. O. Harra, Mar-
shal; Jonathan Hiatt, Assessor (appointed).

1875— Same Trustees, Thomas Ward, Treasurer; B. F. Boltz,
Clerk and Assessor; A. O. Marsh, Prosocutiog Attorney, compen-
sation, one-half the fines collected.

May, 1870, Treasurer's report: Debit, §4,280.40: ■? credit.
$4,237.70; on hand, $42.70.

Ti'ustoes, Newton, Puckett, Johnson; E. T. Brickloy, Clerk
and Assessor; W. A. Martin, Treasurer; N. H. AVanl, Marshal
and Street Commissioner; Phineas Pomeroy, Engineer.

May, 1877 — Same Trustees.

Treasurer's roi^rt: Debit, $1,800.10; credit, $1,021.57; on
hand, $184.59.

Marshal's report: Debit, $0,130. 02; credit, $0,122.02; on hand.
$14; dirt sold, 10,959 yards at 10 cents, $1,095,90; gravel hauled
2,948 yards; guttering done, value $400.17; pavements made,
value, $1,047.49.

Note.— The large sums of money handled in 1870 and 1877,
came mostly from a division of the accumulated road tax in the
hands of the trustee of White River Township, a part of which
belonged to Winchester corporation and had not been paid over
for some years previous.

May, 1878 — Trustees: Reinheimer, Hirsch, Diggs.

Troasm-er's report, May, 1878: Debit, $2,035.58; credit, $2,-
009.33; on hand, $20. 'z5.

W. A. Martin, Treasurer ; W. P. Needham, Clerk ; C.
Jaqua, Engineer; J. K. Martin, Marshal and Street Commis-

May, 1 879— Tmstees, Fox, Magoe, Diggs; W. A. Martin,
Treasiu-er; J. M. Fletcher, Marshal and Street Commissioner;
W. P. Needham, Clerk; Charles Jaqua, Engineer; L. W. Study,
Prosecuting Attorney.

Treasurer's report: Debit, $3,040.22; credit, $2,981.90; on
hand, $004.20.

May, 1880— Trustees, Coats, Fox, Winter; W. P. Needham,
Clerk; J. M. Fletcher, Marshal; W. A. Martin, Treasurer; L.
W. Study, Attorney.

Tre^isuror's report. May, 1880: Debit. $4,099.75; credit, $3,-
477.73; on hand, $1,222.02.

May, 1881— Trustees, BrumGeld, Rice, Newton; W. A. Mar-
tin, Treasm-er; W. P. Needham, Clerk; William Linkenstorfer,
Maishal and Street Commissioner; J. W. Tliompson, Attorney;
Charles Jaqua, Engineer.

Treasurer's report, May, 5 881: Debit, $7,058.88; credit,
$6,052.20; on hand, $400.08.

The Postmasters of Winchester have been as follows:
Josiah Montgar, 1840-44; William H. Fitzgerald, Thomas

W. Kizer, Thomas Scott, Reuben Farra, B. F. Diggs, four years;

James E. Williamson, four years; Francis M. Way, ton years,

1869-79; Charles E. Farris, 1879.

Before 1840, we are not informed as to the incumbents of the

office; neither are we able to state at what time Winchester was

made a post town, or what was the first mail route through the

The following named are or have been railroad agents: J. W.
Williamson, many years; E. W. Bishop, six years; A. H. Kite, a
short time; I. N. Hoover, six years.

Richmond & Grand Rapids Railroad — Snyder, Bowers, J C.
Patterson, W. B. Miller.

PRESENT BUSINESS C

Belo^

may be found a brief statement of the present condi-
tion of business in the county seat. Some may, perhaps, have
been omitted, fur which, if any there be, we hereby express our
regret: Agricultural implements, Gordon, 1880.

Attorneys, see account elsewhere.

Barber shop, formerly Kent Browne, now F. M. Phillips, com-
menced in 1881.

Brickmaker, John K. Martin, 1858.

Barber shop, Isaiah Ryan, 1877, three chairs.

Barber shop, Kent Browne, first east of public square, then
south of public square, then south of public sqiiare west of
Main; now nortli of public square, on corner east of bank; fii-st
established 1800; came to present location in 1880; four chairs.

Blacksmiths, Stines & Brown, 1879; O'Harra Bros, have
owned the shop for some twelve years.

Boarding-house keeper, Jesse Way.

Blacksmith, Frazier, 1875.

Blacksmith, Carter, of long standing.

Bank, Randolph County, successor to First National Bank;
established 1805; Asahel Stone, President; Dennis Kelly, Cash-
ier; S. D. Coats, Assistant Cashier; capital, $100,0(JO, under
the Indiana Banking Law.

Bank, Farmers' and Merchants', 1878, successor to Winches-
ter (James Moorman's) Bank, Nathan Reed, President; Thomas
F. Moorman, Cashier.

Bee-keeper, Thornbnrg, southeast part of town, east of Salt
Creek.

Clothing store, established in 1809 by Benjamin Kauftman,
continues the business to the present time.

Clothing store, established 1859 by M. Snattinger, took a
partner in 1800— Snattinger & Co. ; M. &L. Snattinger, clothing
and tailoring.

Carriage works, Gardiner & Horan, began in 1875, opposite
the school building; came to their present location in 1880; the
firm employs ton to twenty hands, and they engage both in mak-
ing and repairing. Edward Horan, C. A. Gardiner.

CaiTiage shop. Chapman & Ginn, 1880; location where W.
V. R. Tooker had his wind-mill works; they employ eight to
ten hands. Chapman worked for Baird, can-iage-maker. ten
years.

Clergymen, see account elsewhere.

Dry goods store, Richardson Block, occupied by Richardson
many yeai-s; now George S. Diggs and Way (Lou Way), 1881.

Drug store, Engle Block (built 1877), had a shoe store him
self for two years; drug store began by J. M Carver, 1880.

Dry goods store, building erected in 1877, owned by C. W.
Diggs; was occupied by Kent Browne as barber shop, now dry
goods store by W. E. Miller, beginning in 1880.
Dry goods and fui-nishing, David Fudge, 1878.
Drayman, William Linkenstorfer, 1873.
Dry goods, Edmund Engle & Son, 1880.
Dry goods, B. F. Bundy, (began in 1875 in the present loca-
tion), Mrs. A. C. Carver.

Druggist, Carter, 1879, Jacob Brewer, eleven years.
Drug store, established by Mrs. Hebbard, sold to W. W.
Reed in 1871; he owns it still. It is complete in every depart-
ment, including books.

WHITE lUVER TOWNSHIP.

Drug and book store, established by J. C. Hirsch, in 1858,
and he continues the business still; safe, strong, reliable house,
one of the oldest establishments in the town.

Dry goods and notion store, built by Kouth & Bannister in
1S67 or 1808; now owned by Judge J. J. Cheney; the i-tore is
owned by R. B. Morrow, beginning in 1872 ; he has also another
store at Belleville, Ohio, and, besides that, a branch store at Co-
lina, Ohio, begun in 1881.

Drug store, established by Kizer & Kush in 184'J, now Kizer
& Shaw, 1878; Ellis Kizer, Gideon Shaw,- Jr.

Egg and poultry business, begun in 1804 by Homy Carter,
formerly in carriage business.

Egg and poultry business, Jesse Connor, formerly Edger &
Connor. Mr. C. has been alone several yeare.

Eating-house, J. \V. Carder, 1871.

Furniture, Adam Hirsch, begun in 1850.

Furniture, J. L. Stakebake, 1S70; undertaker, 1880.

Flax-mill, owned by parties in Muneie, in operation for sev-

Foundry and machine shop, AVm. Fitzmaurice.
Grocer}', building erected in 1870 by John Wright, occupied
by Lafayette Irvin with jewelry, then us an auction room, etc. ;
then as a grocery by W. H. Roinheimer, commencing in 1877,
who, however, began selling groceries in Winchester (in another
room) in 1872.

Grocery, occupied by Brawley & Jaqua, two years; by Bal-
linger, two years; now by G. H. Bowser, 1880.

Grocers, Keller & Meier, G. G. Keller, J, C. Meier; e^tab-
lishod byG. G. Keller in 1809; G. G. Keller & Son, 1878; Kel-
ler & Meier, 1881; stock, $1,500, good snug business; building
owned by G. G. Keller.

Grocery, establishment began in 187-1; proprietors, Maulsby
& AVelch, now Ballinger & Winter, beginning 1881. A. J.
Winter, Mahlon Ballinger; stock, $3,800 to $2,000.

Groceiy, established in 1872 by Thomas Best, in 1881, his
sou, James M. Best became partner; firm name, Best &Son; full
stock, strong, sound business.

Grocery, bakery and saloon, established (grop(>ry) 1853 by
William Manderbach, good business.

Grocery, first Tripp & Reinlioimer, then McAllister, then C.
AV Moore, beginning 1881; sells shoes also.

Grocery, established in 1871 byMikesoll & Janua,theu Jaqua
& AValker, Walker & Winter, Winter & Welker, Winter & Will-
iams, Williams Brothers, Englo & Markle, Englo & Toynor.
Harrison & Poyner, J. L. Poyner; stock, $2,500 to $3,000.
Grocer. Luther Tuckett. A. M. Best, 1880.
Grocery, Connor & Chamberlain, 1878; Jesse Connor, T. A.
Chamberlain.

Grain warehouse. Helms & Bishop, 1879.
Gardener, W. S. Montgomery, 1881.

Flouring-mill, Bates Bros. & Co., manufactures of high
grade flours; gradual reduction; capacity, 150 baiTols, Winches-
ter, Ind. The building was erected for a grain warehouse by
John Mumma, and enlarged by Elisha I\Iartiu; ho sold it to
Heaston Bros., who put in mill works in 1807. They sold to
Robisnn, Wysong & Miller, they to Colton & Bates, in the spring
of 1873, and, in 1870, Bates Bros. & Co. became the proprietors
and are so still. The names of the firm are J. J. Bates, E. Bates
and G. E. Leggett.

In the summer of 1881, the enterprising owners renewed
the entire works, at a cost of $11,000, putting in machinery for
Jonathan Mills' system, a gradual reduction, being the third
mill of the kind in the State of Indiana, one of the others being
near Terre Haute, Ind. The former capacity of the mill w;us sixty
barrels in twenty-four hours. The present capacity of the works
is 150 barrels per day, requiring 225,000 bushels of wheat an-
nually. The firm also run a cooper shop for the supply of bar-
rels for their use, employing in all sixteen hands. The tlotir
made by them is shipped extensivel}', besides their home and
local trade; they send fiour in quantity to New York, Montreal,
and elsewhere. Bates Bros. &Co. are esteemed as a highly, reli-
able firm, and are securing the reward which they richly deserve
by an extensive and constantly increasing patronage.

Harness shop, established in 1878 by Hinshaw& Son; Jacob
A. Hinshaw, Enos H. Hinshaw.

Hotel, S. O. Irvin, 1S75, a good hotel and a genial landlord.

Hardware and agriculturtil iinploments, Cranor & Bros., 1878,

stoves and tinware, 1881; new building erected near the post

office in the summer of 1881; brick, two stories, 100x22 feet;

the firm carry a stock of from $10,000 to $14,000.

Hardware, A. R. Hiatt, alone ten years, successor to \\ard
& Hiatt.

Hair di-essing, Terese McClosky, 1881.

Harness-making, F. B. Chapman, began at Winchester in
18G5.

Hotel, J. Norman, Indiana House, 1880.
Hotel, Franklin House, Peter Reinheimer, 1805.
Hotel, Snedeker's Block, built by W. B. Snedeker, 1^73,
and now owned by him. Tlie hotel has been kejit by Snedi'ker,
Bales & Bright, and now by Irvin Wysong. beginning February
10, 1881.

Hall, Snedeker's, opened April, 1879, seating 000 persons,
pleasant, neat, convenient, well ventilated, easy of access and
egress, safe.

Ward's, north of public square; long used as a courtroom.
Herald office,! see article " The Press."

Hardware and agricultural implements, Helms & Bishoii,
1809; largo stock; firm, George W. Helms, J. W. Bishop.
Harness- making, Alfred Rossman, since 1838 till 1875.
Jewlery, Louis Klamberg, has been in the business nine years;
in the present room one year. Jeweler, R. J. Lichtert, 1879.
Journal, Winchester, see article "The Press."
Lumber agent, H. H. Neff, 1880, formerly lumber business in
Winchester. Locksinith, J. W. Ginger.

Lumber dealer and saw-miller, A. G. Campfield.
Lime, coal, wood, sewer pipe, etc., 51. A. Rceder. l'^81. sue
cesser to David Huston, began in 1870.

Livery stable, James Harter, 1878, Keener, 1880.
Loan broker. Gideon Shaw, 1805.

Meat market, M. Stakebeck. 1880, established seven or eight
years ago by Jaqua, and since that the proprietors have been
Fierce, Colgrove, Seagraves, Preston, Stakebeck.

Meat shop, building occupied variously — moat shoj), grocery.
dry goods, billiards; now meat shop by J. W. .Vlexander, begin-
ning in 1879.

Marble dealer, D. E. Hoffman, 1858.
Meat shop, C. C. Monks, 18(0.

Millinery, Ella F. Way, began 1870, Mary C. Brandon. 1S77.
News stand, J. S. Hiatt, 1878.

Pump-makers, linecht & Thomas, successors to Andrew Aker,
established thirty-seven years ago, making his own pumps, though
entirely blind.

riiantatimngnrian, newspaper, Needham, editor, 1881. [See

Phvsicians, see account elsewhere.

Repair shop, E. A. Thomas, 18S1.

Restaurant, proprietors have been Phillips. Bradburv, IJai--
tholomew; now L. R. Willets, began 1880.

Restam-ant, Elisha Martin, Jr. . 1880. Peter Brown.

Shoemakers, W. H. Bailey, 1881.

Shoe store, built by A. J. Neff and James H. Bowen in 1874;
occupied by Steven.s one year, and now by Miller, good business.

Shoe shop, C. Kayser; shop established 1857; Keller & Kay-
ser; C. Kayser alone, 1859; ho still continues the business.

Saloon, proprietor, Ashtoii.

Shoe store, C. AV. Woolv(>rton, established in 1872.

Saloon, in cellar under Woolverton's shoe store.

Sewing machine dealer, James S. Cottom, began in ISOI. also
Notary Public. ^ ■

Stoves and tinware, George McAdams & Son, 1877.

Shoe store, A. R. Hiatt & Son, boots and shoes, 1881. A.
R. Hiatt, George Hiatt; previous occupants, J. T. Elliott, L. P.
Ballinger, S. B. Bradbury, three years; S. D. Coats, two years;
F. M. Way, one year. Building erected by Brown & Bone-
brake, now owned by Thomas Ward.

Stoves and tinware, C. E. Magee, twelve years.

304

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Saloon, building owned by Joseph Swallow, College Corner,
Ohio, kept by Edward Lennon, 1880.

Shoe shop, Martin Conklin.

Saw-mill, planinfr-mill etc., Albert Rice, 1876.

Saw-mill, X. Q. Campfield, burned a few years ago, loss, $6,-
000, built again.

Tailoring. John Richardson & Son. J. R. began selling dry
goods, also; merchant tailoring in 1850; he did business on
the west side of the public square about twenty years, and ten
years in the Richardsou Block, across from the Franklin House,
owning that, building at the time, and owning, also, his present
location, on the west side of the public square. Mr. R. had for
many yeare the most extensive dry goods establishment in town.

tanner, Charles Gntheil, 1867.

Tailor, Richmond Thornburg, 1868.

Trustee Township, Ira Tripp, since 1880.

Teachers, E. H. Butler, H. W. Bowers, Benjamin F. Marah.

Undertakers, John W. Diggs, thirty years or more; John L.
Stakebake, 1880.

Winchester Manufacturing Company filed their articles of
association with the Recorder Mondav, October 31, 1881; capital
stock, $25,000.

Wagon-maker, Thomas Klinck, Sr., 1852.

Wagon-makers, Carter & Gill (L. D. Carter, J. H. Gill), form-
erly carricgomaker and blacksmith; wagon shop begun in 1873.

Woolen factory, John D. Carter, begun 1851, building a new
one in 1881, on Salt Creek, southeast part of town.

Wind-mill maker, W. V. R. Tooker, of long establishment,
lately gave up the business, and gone into an agency for u lother
firm elsewhere.

HANDLE I'ACTOBT.

In November, 1881, this enterprise was inaugurated by Hon.
J. E. Nefl, E. S. Kelley and J. W. Macy, under the firm name of
Neff, Kelley & Co., and during the brief period that has elapsed
since itu inception, it has developed into one of the leading in-
dustries of M'inchester. The establishment is locateil immedi-
ately south of the "Bee Line" Railroad, and west of Main street,
in the building formerly occupied by Mr. Neff's pump factory.
Upon the inauguration of the new enterprise, now machinery
was pm'chased, consisting of two turning lathes, bolting-saw,
topper, equalizers ?nd strippers. The timber is straight-grain,
second-growth ash. and is sawed from the rough log into 8tri]i>.
of the desired length. The strips ari^ then placed in the lathes,
and after a few revolutions, are turned out well-rounded handles
for pitchforks, rakes, brooms, etc. From the lathes the handles
are taken to the " topper," where by one revolution of the knife
they are finished with a nicely rounded toji, and are then ready
for packing and shipping. By the improved machinery they
employ, they ar« enabled to finish an average of 2,000 handles
per day, and yet are scarcely able to supply the demand. Their
trade is almost exclusively with Holland, although they supj)ly
some points in the United States. In addition to the manufact-
ure of handles, th;s firm conduct an *<xtensive trade in sawed
walnut lumber. They possess facilities for sawing and utilizing
the " culls " lejected by the saw-mills, cutting them into dimen-
sion pieces for sowing machines and scroll work. They have an
engine and boiler of twenty- four horse-jwwer, and all the
machinery of the establishment is of the latest and best vari
eties.

(n tlie 19th day of October, 1881, tliis compaio was oigainzed in the
of Winchester, with the following-named stockholders as its oon-
;;ii members : Asaliol Stone. J. IT. Gill, L. P Carter, Adam Hirsoh,
■\ il, Nt'tf. -\<:i Tr:il. (K-or-c X, KdnxM. J. >[. HodsoH, Samuel I).
I iiMiiiis \1 r.i-.iwiM lli'Nri.'u I'lickitt, W, Tv Miller, Leander J.
,. .lanirs S. (". ,t in:n. ( ', ! l,rwis. MLrrid, .Marsh, M. B. Miller,

riion of their iivi.";
Mith streets. The

servable thronghoi
liavinw evidently I
the 'so I

build.T.s

llh isti

irh

building 30x;i-

im' room, which is :. fiui,i,> buildin- lU.xtUi !V.,.t. line :iu. n-lil
V which are operated liv a patent blower coniic<tli'd with Ihc .■ll^lll(^
:;;il1, being so ari.tniied that the forges can !»■ n|,ci:ilr(l rilher
ilrlv or in unison, at'will. In this building is .■.miain. d a double
fir heating tires, and near it a cooling apparatus i\>y tlir inimcMliate
ig of the tires when necessary. In addition to the buildings men-
Cthey have a store-room lGx22 feet, and an office .16 feet square.
? boilers and engine the acme of perfection seems to have been at-
I The boilers are 48 inches in diameter, and 20 feet long, each

having a tensile strength of 75.000 to 80,000 pounds to the square inch
They were submitted to four distinct tests by the United States Boiler
Inspectors at Cincinnati, the average strength developed being 81.600
pounds. These boilers are .so constructed that one can be heated while
the other remains cool, or both can be used at the same time, thus admit-
ting of the repair of any little casualty without necessitating the stoppage
of the machinery. The boiler plates are made of the best of steel, Rve-
sixteenths of an inch in thickness, while the engine is a model of elegance
and perfect mechanism.

In the main building is done the wood- work, etc., and for this purpo.se
it has been supplied by the proprietors with a full quota of the best m.a-
chincry, consisting of one boring machine, rip saw, felloe-rounder, Farrer
planer, tire-drill, borer and wheel tennoning machine, sand belt, borer and
doweling-machinc, iiand-saw, double shaper, Universal .saw-bench, sand-
drnrti, sticker, wood-worker, tennoning and trimming raa<hino. morlising
lathe, skcin-scltcr, liydnmlir press, etc. This machinery ciiiililcs tliiiii to
linii (iiil tim-ty wai^ons. complete, daily, and furnishes riiiplin hk iif for
]IM) men. TIk' ea|)itn,I of the association is ample, and il- iliaihr lor
lil'ly years. Among the maniilUcturing industries of Wiiicli.'-.ti'i I li!> ..iie
is certainly dcstined^to occupy a leading position. The mi, i |m i-. is in
the hands of gentlemen of energy and business ability, who will l.( -al-
isfled with nothing short of complete success. Theolikeis are ( oi 11 II.
Nefi; President; Gen. Asahel Stone, Secretary, Treasurer and (ieneral
Manager: John H. Crill, L. I). Carter and Adam Hirsch. Directors; John
H. Gill, Superintendent of Wood Department; L. D, Carter, Superintend-
ent of Iron Department.

HISTORY OF llANDOLPH COUNTY.

HIOOllAl'HIUAL SK ETCIIKS.

ELIHU ADDINGTON was born Janimry 21, 1820, near Richmond, Wajue
Co., Ind. Ho ifl the grandson of Mrs. Elvira Townsend, who lived many years
in thill county, and died at the age of one hundred and two years, at lilkton,
I'reble Co., Ohio. His fallier, .loseph AJdington, was a niitive of North Caro-
limv, and one of tlie earliest pioneers of Wayne County, Ind. The family re-
moved to Randolph County, Ind., in the spring of 18:55, and in the following
wintor the father died. Shortly afterward, the subject of this sketch, who was
then a boy fifteen years of age, was " bound out" to his brother-in-law, a mill-
wright, in Wayne County. About a year later, however, the latter sold out and
retired from business, and Elihu was bound to his uncle, Isaac Commons, in
whose service he remained until twenty-one years of age, working on his farm
near Middleboro, Wayne Co., Ind. In the fall of 1842, he married Hannah
Cox, whose fatlier, Jeremiah Cox, was an early pioneer and prominent citizen
of Wayne County. In the spring of 1843, he came with his wife to llandolph
County, and purchased land about a mile south of Macksville, from which he
developed a tine farm. It was covered with timber when he bought it, and to
any one not endowed with the courage and determination that characterised
our pioneers, the task of reclaiming this woodland and converting it into a
home would have appeared a hopeless one. Hut it was his first possession-
earned by hard work and carefully saved wages, and he addressed himself to
ilic task before him with all the energy and enthusiasm of avigorous manhood,
stimulated by the thought that he was preparing a home for hi.< family, and
bearing his part in the development of the county. He cleared his farm, and
spent the best years of his life in its cultivation and improvement. About the
year 181)8, he sold this farm, and purchased one near Winchester, where he
resided about two ycari. At the end of that lime he removed to Winchester,
where he still resides. By a long residence in this county he is widely known,
and universally respected. He is a member of the Society of Friends, and has
always been honorable and upright iu his dealings with the world. He has
been twice married. His first wife died in 1858, leaving four children, named
respectively Ruth Ellen, Martha Ann, Lindsey and Wilson, all of whom are
now living except Ruth. In 18tjO, he was married to Eliz.a Branson, his
present companiou. By this union they are the parents of four children, three
of whom are now living, viz. : Minnie E., Ellsworth and Bertie Lee.

HON. ANDRKW AKER.

John Aker, the father of this gentlimian, was a native of Virginia, and one
of the pioneer settlers of Randolph County, Ind. He was born in 170'J, and
married in 1788, to Susan Triselar. By this union they were the parents of
eleven children, two of whom died in infancy, and nine grew to maturity and
married. Five of the sons— Andrew, William, Samuel, Michael and Thomas
settled in Randolph County, Ind. In 181f., Mr. Aker removed with his family
(o Tennessee, locating in Washington County, in the southeast corner of that
Slate. Ill IHKi, he removed to I'reble County, Ohio, and in 1837, came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind. Three years later his wife died, and his own life was not
of much longer duration, as he died in 1845. In early life he was an appren-
tice at the millwright's trade, but finding this employment prejudicial to his
health, he abandoned it, and learned the trades of the carpenter, cabinet-maker
and wngon-maker. In his political alHIiations, he was a Democrat, voting for Gen.
Jackson in 1828, and again in 1832. Atthe time ofhis demise, he was a member of
the Methodist Episcopal Church, but in earlier days he was a Presbyterian. He
was a promineijl citiien, and enjoyed the confidence and good wiU of the peo-
ple among whom he resided. Andrew, his son, and the subject of this sketch,
has long been known to the citizens of this county as one of the few survivors
of the pioneer community. He waa born November 15, 1802, in Wythe County,
Va., and accompanied his father's family to Tennessee, remaining in that State
for about two years after the removal of the latter to Ohio. In 1823, he joined
his father in Treble County, Ohio, and in May, 1827, married Missllannah
Bodey, in Champaign County, Ohio. In May, 1828, removed to Winchester,
Ind. Upon his arrival here, be purchased the store of Thomas Hannah, then
the only mercantile establishment in Winchester, and for about three years
afterward, the only one in the county. Here, for a number of years, he con-
ducted an extensive and lucrative trade, his pairone coming from Muncie,
Marion, Jay County, and from points along the Salamonio River. He boupht
various articles of produce, sending them down the Mississincwa, in flatboats,
for sale to the settlors along the banks of that river, and deriving a very satis-
factory profit from these ventures. In addition to his mercantile business, he kept
hotel at Winchester, and was a genial and popular host. He aI.so dealt largely
in real estate, buying and selling large Ir.acts of land in Randolph and Jay
Cuiinlies. In 183C, he had the misfortune to lose his eyesight, but notwith-
standing this calamity he did not retire from active business. In 1844, he
removed to his farm, north of Winchester, and engaged in the manufacture of
wooden pumps, continuing in this line of employment quite successfully until
1K74, when he placed the work in the hands of his sons-in-law, John Thomas
and William Knechl. The business i.s now conducted by the latter. While
actively engaged at this pursuit, he was absent from home much of the time,
making pumps for farmers throughout the surrounding country, as far east as
Fort Recovery, Ohio. He has led an active, industrious life, and for more
than a half century has been identified' with the material prosperity of Win-
chester and Randolph Cbunly. His life has been always honorable and up-
right, and he has ever )iosse83ed the esteem and confidence ' '
He has been called to fill various public offices in this cc
about four years as Deputy Clerk and Recorder, transaci

positions during the same period. From 18'.0 to 183.'i, tie servea as treasurer
of Randolph County, and even after the l.)6s of his sight he was appointed lo
manage and direct the affairs of that oflice. In 1881, lie was the Representa-

husband was oi

; the duties of be

live from this county in the General Assembly of Indiana, and in 1834, was
elected Slate Senator. He resigned the latter position on account of his loss of
sight, and was succeeded by Hon. Andrew Kennedy, of Muncie. As a public
officer, he displayed the same integrity and honor that always characterized his
life as a private citizen, and his administration of the trusts reposed in him,
won the approbation of liis constituency in a marked degree. Although nearly
eighty years of age, ho is a well preserved man, retaining his physical anil
mental vigor to a remarkable extent. He has retired from active business, iu

enjoyment of a competence earned by years of honest toil and industry. Eight
children blessed his wedded life. Of this number, five are deceased, and the
three youngest survive, viz., Eliza Ellen (wife of John Thomaa, now residing at
Winchester) ; Sarah Jane (wife of Col. M. B. Miller, of Winchester), and Mar-
garet Ann (wife of William Knecht, also residing at Winchester). His wife
was one of the pioneer women of this county, and was, in all respects, a supe-
rior lady. .She was born March 17, 1806, in Rockingham County, Va., and
when twelve years of age removed, with her brother, to Champaign County,
Ohio, where she was married to Mr. Aker. She came to Randolph County,
with her husband, in time to experience many of the hardships of pioneer life,
and lived to witness the wonderful improvements wrought within a period of a
e early years of their residence iu this county, her
lost active and enterprising business men, and took
hat had for its object the improvement and develop-
ment of the county. And in all his undertakings, public as well as private, he
consulted her, and received her advice. And when visited with that terrible
affliction, the loss ofhis sight, upon her, to a great extent, fell the burden of
arranging and settling bis many business interests. She was a woman of sound
judgment, wonderful energy, kind and generous, and will be gratefully remem-
bered by many who were the recipients of her kindness. She died on the 2i;th
of February, 1881, loved and mourned by all who knew her. She was an
affectionat' wife and a kind mother. She cherished home, and loved and en-
joyed the companionship of her family. She was a faithful member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and died consoled with the hope of meeting the
loved ones of earth beyond the grave, wher(j the mortal shall assume immor-
tality, and life becomes an endle.-is splendor.

GEN. THOMAS M. BROWNE.
Gen. Browne Winchester, member of Congress from the Sixth District, wo.f
born at New Paris, Preble Co., Ohio, April 19, 1829. His father, John A.
Browne, was a native of Bucks County, I'enn. ; his mother, Hannah (Mauzy)
Browne, of Bourbon County, Ky. His mother died in 1843, which calamity
broke up the family circle. His father apprenticed young Thomas M. to Mr.
Ralph M. Pomeroy, a merchant of Spartansburg, Piandolph County, Ind., soon
after which he removed to Grant County, Ky., where he died in 1805. In-
fluenced by the excellent character of his employer, Thomas M. rapidly gained
a knowledge of busine.ts^ and - formed correct habits. His opportunities for
gaining a liberal education were very meager, being confined to a few weeks
each year in the common schools of Spartansburg, and one term in the county
seminary, at Winchester ; but so diligent and exhaustive have been his private
studies and readings, that we rarely meet one with such a valuable store of
practical, scientific or literary information. In 1848, he began the study of
law with Hon. William A. Peelle, of Winchester, and in 1«4'J, passed an ex-
amination in open court, and was admitted to practice iu the inferior court.-' of
the State ; two years later he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of
Indiana. On March 18, 1849, he married Miss Mary J. Austin, of New Paris,
Ohio, who has been his faithful companion in adversity and prosperity, anil
who watches with the just pride of a wife the honorable advancement of her
husband. No living children bless their union. In 1860, when but twenty
years of ago, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney for Randolph County, and
after the adoption of the present constitution, he was three times elected Prose-
cuting Attorney for the 13th Judical District, discharging the duties of that
office with marked ability and success, until 1861. In August of that year, he
made one of the most ;iowerful speeches of his life on the "Crisis of the
Country," in which many of his enthusiastic declarations seem now to have
been prophetic. He was elected Chief Clerk of the State Senate at its session
in 1861, and in the spring of 1802 he entered the United States service as Aide-
de Camp on the staff of Gen. Thomas J. AVood, and served with that officer until
after the battle of Shiloh. During the siege of Corinth, he waa stricken with
■iisease, and returned home, and only recovered after several months of great
suffering. In October, 1862, he was elected Senator for Randolph Ounty, and
took a leading part in the debates of the stormy ses.sion of 1863, ranking as an
able Republican leader. The correspondent of the Cincinnati Gatette thus de-

" Thomas M. Browne, Senator from Randolph, is a young man, well
dressed, of saiiguine complexion, an excellent speaker, and full of fun and
irony. There is a vim about him that tells in a populor audience and brings
down the house. Now a burst of eloquence surprises you, and now a streak
of fun. At times a burst of indignation comes out that is startling. This young
man will make his mark in our country yet."

At the close of the session, he resigned the senatorship and assisted in re-
cruiting the Seventh Indiana Cavalry (119th Regt. Vols.), and was commissioned
Captain of Company B, but before leaving the Slate for active service was pro-
moted to Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment. He shared in the fatigues and pri-
vations of all its must dangerous expeditions and battles, which extended through
Kentucky, Tennessee. Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. In the battle of Oko-
lona, February 22, 1864, he did more than any other officer to maintain order
and organization, amid the wild confusion of that bloody engagement. Atthe
battle of Briccs' Cross-roads (Ounlown), June 10, 1864, his skillful manage-
ment ofhis i-egimcnt won the commendation ofhis superior officers, and hearty

Res. OF JOHN Richardson , South Meridian ST, Winch

GEN A. STONES, Hesidence;

Adam Hlrgoh wag born December
81, 1826, »t Grosj Gerau, in Hesse-
DannBtAdt, Qermasy. He grew to
manhood there, aoqolring a good
eduoaUon, and with it a knowledge
of the oablnet-maker's trade. At
the age of twenty-ssTen years, In
18£8, he emigrated to the United
States, landing at New York, after
a qdet and uneventful voyage.

ohester at that date,
aided here ever slno€
part of the time prior

continued that line of ooo
afler his arrival at Cinoinni
August, 1866, he opened a
shop at Winchester, begini

ally, until his business a

nature manafaotoiy. In li

business, among them being the
retail grocery trade. In 1876, he
resumed the mannl^ture of fiiml
ture, and has been engaged at this
enterprise ever since. He 1b a
thorough boBinets man, and by hiB

Adam Hirsch

energy and

has

gained a o

omfortable fortune

in

worldly we

ilth, while he has

es-

toblished himself as one of

the

leading oit

zens and promi

ent

manufaclur

rs of Winchester.

In poUUc

3, he is a RepubU

an.

and whUe

e has been an ao

ire

poUtical wo

ker, he has never h

een

He was one of the orgamzei
the First National Bank, of 1

tinuously

nthisc

pacityfor

twelve

years. H

is also

one of the

Board

of Direct

ors of

the Win

ohester

Wagon W

rks.

, on the

1th of

Septembe

, 1868

to Miss

Maria

Pohlmann

to wl

om he was he-

trothed in

hisna

lve land.

Their

marriage, by mut

ual oonse

It, was

delayed u

atil after their arr

ivalln

America.

They.

n the parento of

four children, all

f whom a

xenow

Uving, an

twoar

e married

Adam Hirschs Block, S. E. Cor, Main & Washinton st?

RANDOLPH CO., WINCHESTER, IND.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

admiration of all his comrades, lie wns the hero of that ill-fated field. When
the battle was raging fiercest, and the lines were but a few feet apart, his
horse, a present from Company B, was shot under him, himself severely
wounded, and his Orderly killed at hia side. He did not for a moment lose
presence of mind, but issued nis orders in stentoriiwi tones, heard above the
din of oonliict. He was soon after promoted to t!ie Colonelcy of his regiment,
and received the rank of Brigadier General by brevet "for gallant and meri-
torious conduct" from the hand of President Lincoln. In October, 1804, on
account of his well-known legal attainments, he was chosen President fif a
military conimission, to convene at Memphis, for the trial of such causes as
might arise in that department. The most important case that came before
this tribunal was the trial of the famous guerrilla, Dick Davis. This trial lasted
thirty-five days, aud endeil in the conviction and execution of the culprit. In
January, 1H65. Gen. Browne again took the field, and remained in active serv-
ice until the final close of the war, and the mustering out of his regiment.
During the winter of 18fi5-r,G, he was in command of the troops at Sherman,
in the department of Northern Texas, where his wise yet firm administration
won golden opinions from men of all parties, and he left behind him upon his
return home many warm friends in that part of the "Lone Star State."

After he was mustered out of service, he resumed the practice of liie pro-
fession at Winchester, Ind., but was shortly after appointed by the President
United States District Attorney for the District of Indiana, the duties of which
ofiice he discharged with distinguished ability and success until his resignation
in 1872. In 1872, the llepublioan party nominated Oen. Browne for Geveinor
of Indiana. His popularity with his party being demonstrated by his distanc-
ing such distinguished competitors as Godlove S. Orth and Gen. Ben Harrison.
It was indeed a proud triumph for the lonely orphan who had been left
among strangers without money or friends at the age of thirteen, when that
great convention called him to the front and placed in his hands the battle-
scarred banner of Union and liberty. An extract from his speech upon that
occasion exhibila his readiness of language in impromptu speaking:

"GeniUmen of the Ck:nvmtion.—T:o say that I am sincerely thankful for the
honor you have th:a day conferred upon me, that I am proud of this generous
expression of your confidence, is to express but feebly the emotions with which
this occasion overwhelms me. To be nominatxl lo a position of so much im-
portance and dignity is indeed most flattering to the ambition of a young man.
Cut I accept the work you have assigned me, conscious of its responsiliilities,
and with a determination of devoting to it whatever of energy and ability I
possess. » * » ♦ It shall be my aim, indeed, my highest ambition, to
merit the great compliment you have paid rae. * * * * if we make but
a united fight, we can march right over the inlrenchments uf the enemy to a
glorious victory ; for the Uepulilican party can point with pride to the work of
its hands, it has written history for eternity, it has done what the stjitesmen
and philosphere of the past omitted to do. It has put (Jod into the Constitu-
tion by recognising the rights of his creature man. * For inusmiich as ye did
it unto the least of tliese my brethren ye have done it unto me ' is the language
of the Divine Law Giver. I .should be glad to speak to you further, but I am
admonished that there is other work for the convention to do."

He made a most gallant campaign, but was defeated by Hon. Thomas A.
Hendricks, who carried the State by a very small miijority. After the oam-
pai-n of 1872, he formed a copartnership with Hon. Jonathan W. Gordon and
Judge Kobert N. Lamb, of Indianapolis, under the style of Gordon, Browne &
Lamb. They commanded an immense business continuing until 1876, when
' Geh.' Browne was elected to Congress by a majority of over fifteen hundred, in
the then Fifth Indiana District, defeating that veteran Democrat Hon. William
S. Holman, who had served six terms, aud carried his district at the preceding
election by more than twenty-five hundred majority. Gen. Browne was re-
elected in 1878, maintaining his majority over the same gentleman, and was
again re-elected in 1880, carrying the present Sixtli District by about ten tliou-
!<and majority. Upon entering Congress, ho at ouoe took rank as an able and
discrete member. Hia popularity has steadily increased until, in 1872, he was
tendered and accepted a unanimous renoraination. His speeches have been
distinguished for ability rather than number, and have been universally ex-
haustive on the subjects treated. One of his speeches on the fimmcial question
was chosen by the National Kc|Hihlioan Committee to be printed and circulated
as a oampaign document, in 1880. Gen. Browne was a member of the special
committee to which was referred the important matter of devising a plan for
counting aud •leclariug the result of the electoral vote for President and Vice
President, which would avoid the uncertainties and perils of the present
methods. After months spent in consideration, the committee, proposed an ex-
cellent plan, the principal features of which are:

I. The people vote by ballot directly for President and Vice Presi.ient.

II. Each State shall be entitled to as many electoral votes as the number
of members it may have in both Houses of Congress;

III. The number of electoral votes for each candidate fmni each State shall
Ijc determined by tiking such a fractional part of tlie whole number of electoral
votes belonging to that State an the vote of each particular candidate bears to
tlie whole number of the popular vote cast in the State at that election, the
fraction to be carried to three places of decimals and no more.

IV. Ccmtests in the State may be decided by the highest judicial tribunal
in the State.

V. A plurality of electoral votes shall be sufficient to elect.

VI. If no one has a plurality, the Lower House shall elect.

This plan has the merit of being the only one ever proposed that would
give each voter an eqiml power in deciding the election, and reduces to the

ported this measure with what he considers the most carefully prepared speech
of his life. The following extract will show the force and solidity of his style

"Thep

e of the

The

Is one hundred tl

sand places and millions of money in its gift.. This position for power and
patronage will be strujrglcd for in all coming time by political parties, with all
the energy that anticiiiated spoils can fitimulatc. Nothing that money or
.strategy can do will be left undnnc to carry the election. Under our present
system, tlie struggle does not end with that election itself, for after the votes
have been cast, it often liappens tiiat tlie legal expression of the popular will
may be defeated by some objection to the method, manner or lime oi' the elec-
tion. This should never be. Tlie C"nslitution should provide in language plain

General Browne has served on several other important special committees,
and with ability and marked consideration on some of the regular committees.
He is at present Chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions, really the
most important and laborious chairmanship of the House. The published
speeches of Gen. Browne number more than a score. Tue date and t

importi

13 follows

1877 ; Death of Senator 0. P. .Morton, January 18, 1878 ; Perils of the Elect-
oral System, 1878 ; Army Appropriations, May 27, 1878 ; Democratic Methods,
April 21, 187!) ; Financial Situation, May 13, 1879 ; Purity of Elections, April
12, 1880; Power of Congress over the Electoral Count, May 10, 1880; Death
of Senator Burnside, January 2.3, 1882; On Pensions, February 18,1832;
Against the anti-Chinese Bill, March 23, 1882; Against the River and Harbor
Appropriation Bill, June 15, 1882 ; On the Electoral Count Bill, June 20, 1882.
MucManeoua 5joeccAM.— Washington's Birthday, February 22, 1861 ; War
Speech, Parker, Ind., August 27, 1861; Fourth of July, Winchester, Ind,,
July4, 18(i6; Colored People, New Albany, Ind., April 14,1871; Soldiers'
Re-union, Noblesville, Ind., October, 1871 ; Emotional Insanity, Indianapolis,
January 1."., 1872; Republican Party, Winchester, April 27, 1872 ; Capital and
Labor, Winchester, October 9, 1873; Civil Rights, Union City, Ind., September
C, 1874; Anniversary of Shiloh, Ft, Wayne, Ind., April 7, 1876; Scientific
Agriculture, Muncie, Ind., September 19, 1879; Review Forty-fifth Congress,
Winchester, Ind., July 27, 1879; Dedication FounUiin Park Cemetery, Win-
chester, July 3, 1880; Logic of Revolution, Ft. Wayne, Ind., July 5, 1880,
Besides these published speeches, his oratorical efforts have been legion. For
more than twenty years his voice has been constantly sounding, opposing all
the great evils of the day, and in favor of all reforms agitated by the people.
When Gen. Browne removed from Spartansburg shortly after his marriage, the
good wishes of the entire community followed him, and through all subsequent
years his heart has retained its early attachments, and the oitiiens of Spartans-
burg look upon "our Tom " and his achievements with unalloyed pleasure.
The citizens of Winchester are also justly proud of their distinguished fellow-
townsman, and the mention of no other name will secure so large an attendance
at a public meeting as that of " Tom Browne," as he is familiarly called, when
he is announced to speak. Many anecdotes are related by his old friends and
neighbors, illustrating his bashfulness, keen wit, and other characteristics
which early manifested themselves. He earnestly begged to be released from
completing his first campaign, because sonue of his opposors should have circu-
lated the report tliat he had said " tlial he would never shake hands with a
laboring man, because he could smell him through a brick wall." lie thought
he could never make headway against such "campaign lies" as that, but his
friends said " never mind, we'll see you through,'' and gave him a handsome
majority. After his election as Prosecutor for the Thirteenth Judicial District
in 1855, he went to Henry County in the disoh.arge of his official duty. He

!of tbel

10 otheri

He '

to the door of the Grand Jury room, the bailiff slopped him w
one witness in the room already." He waited quietly until the witness came
out. and was then admitted. The foreman said, " Does thee swear or affirm '!"
"Neither." "But thee must.'' "I don't choose to.' "Why, we are not
sticklers, but thee must do one or the other." "No; neither." "Why, don't
thee know thee might be fined and imprisoned for contempt of court ?" " I
do know it very well." The puzzled foreman now thoroughly aroused, de-
manded, "Who is thee?" Who sent thee here?" "The voters o.' the Thir-
teenth Judicial District sent me here." " Why is thee the Prosecuting Attor.
ney ? ' " I am, sir." The picture of blank amazement was on the fo-emau's
face, and throwing up his hands in bewildered astonishment, Quaker as ha was,
he exclaimed, "Please God, who would have taken thee for a lawyer?"
After which there was a laugh all around. 'I'hroughout his entire career, Gen.
Browne has always been active and industrious. No matter whether a candidate
himself or not, he has always taken a leading part in every political campaign,
making some of his best efforts when he had no personal interests beyond that
of a thorough believer in Republican principles. At the close of the war,
Gen. Browne was comparatively poor, but by great industry and economy he
has since saved a competency. In person, he is tall and commanding, of easy
yet dignified manner, in command of language, ready, exact and strong, and
all his intellectual efforts show systematic and varied knowledge. He is a
Master Mason, and has taken all the degrees of Odd Fellowship ; while not a
member of any religious society, his preference is for the Christian Church, of
which Mrs. Browne is an active member. His career from the humblest begin-
nings to the proud positions he has so creditably filled is another illustration of
the possibilities, which depend solely on the man under our free institutions,
and while his achievements are highly gratifying to his many friends, he is yet
a young man, and they confidently look to his future as one full of the highest

JOHN W. BOTKIN was born September 1, 1819, in Randolph County,
Ind. His father, Hugh Botkin, was one of the earliest pioneers in the settle-
ment on Martindale Creek, in this county, and died about the year 1836. His
son. the subject of this sketch, was then about sixteen years of age. He had
attended the rude schools of pioneer days, gaining some preliminary knowl-
edge, and afterward attended a school of a much better character, taught by
Miss Maulsbic, near Economy, Wayne Co., Ind. At the age of nineteen years.

308

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

he began the stmly of meJioine in the office of Dr. Jesse Delany, at New Bur.
lington, Delaware Co., Ind., remaining there until Christmas, 1840. For three
years aaerward ho was engaged in fanning, in connection with the pr.actice of
his profession near Huntaville. In 1844, he located at Biiena Vista, where he
was engaged in the praclice until 18G0.. From 18(52 to 1878, he was located
near Unionsport, but in the year last named came to Winche.ster. where he has
ever since resided. He represents the Eclectic School of Medicine, having at-
tended the Eclectic Medical College at Cincinnati. As a practitioner he has
been very successful, and his practice has grown steadily, until it now extends
into all the adjoining counties. Dr. Botkin is emphatically a self-made man,
having fought the battle of life without pecuniary assistance from anyone, and
the financial success that has crowned his labors speaks eloquently of his per-
severance and industry. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church since 184-2, and his life has been moral and upright. His political
affiliations are with the Republican parti-, of which he is an active member.
Ho was married in 1841, to Misa Mary 'Peaoock, daughter of Judge William
Peacock, then a resident of West River township. During a period of forty-
" ■■ f his youth has been the devoted and loving helpi '

i still 11

n blesied by i

ir places among t!

which I

verally Ic

1 chlldre
ated.

, five of whom
d respected oi

I still 81

Their

1 of the c

JESSE J. BATES wos Ijorn in Stark County, Ohio, September 3, 18-37.
He was reared on a farm, and during boyhood was engaged in the routine work
of farm life. At the age of eighteen years he began teaching school, and was
thus engaged for nine terms. In 1871, he removed to Bellefontaine, Ohio, where
he remained two years, removing to Winchester, Ind., in 1873. In early life
he learned the carpenter's trade, and has at variohs times been engaged at that
pursuit, in addition to milling operations. Since locating at Winchester he has
been a miller and grain merchant, and is now a member of the firm of Bates,
Bros. & Co., who operate an extenfiive flouring mill in this town. He is an
enterprising, energetic business man, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of
all who know him. In politics he is an enthusiastic Republican, and while an
active worker for the good of the party, he has never sought public office. In
February, 1882, however, he was solicited to accept a position in the School
Board of Winchester, and was elected as such for a term of two years. He is
liberal and public spirited, and a well known friend and advocate of public
improvement. He was married in 18G3, to Misa Mary A. Colton, an estimable
young lady of fine accomplishments. They are the the parents of four chil-
dren, three of whom are now living, vi?.. : Nina B., Frank, and Helen. Harry,
a young man of excellent character and high promise, died in May, 1881.

EDWARD BATES was born May 14, 183-5, at Marlboro. Stark County,
Ohio. He was reared on a farm in that country, and acquired a good Engli.sh
educational the public schools of his native town. Ou March 2, 18tJ2, he
was united in marriage with Miss N. E. Leggett, in the city of Alliance,
Stark Co., Ohio, and for ten years subsequently was engaged in agricultu-
ral pursuits. In April, 1873, he came to Winchester, Ind., and engageil in the
milling enterprise as a member of the firm of Bates Bros. & Co. ' - -- - -

energetic, and p
unassuming in m
character.

3Ugh b

He is

BENJAMIN F. BOLTZ.

Benjamin F. Boltz was horn September 10, 1848, in Lebanon County,
Penn. His father. Benjamin Boltz, was a native of the same county, and was
married there to Mi^s .Maria Schreokengost. In November, 185'J, he removed
with hiR family to Indiana, locating near Winchester, whore he still resides.
His son, the s-ibiect of this sketch, accompanied his parents to Randolph
County, (if which'he has ever since been a citizen. He had attended the pub-
lic schools of his native State, acquiring thus a good primary education, and
after removing to this county spent several terms in the college at Ridgeville.
In Ib'l'.i, he adopted the vocation of school-teaching, using the money thus
earned in the winter to defray his expenses at college during the spring and
summer. After leaving school, he eulcred the cstablishmeut of Arthur Mc-
Kew at Ridgeville as a clerk, and was thus engaged for about a year. In 1873,
he came to Winchester and accepted a clerkship in the store of John Richard-
son, occupying this position until the latter sold his establishment, and then
served as a clerk for the succeeding firm. In 1870, he entered into partner-
ship with his former employer, Mr. Richardson, retiring from the firm in 1876.
In June of that year he became Deputy Auditor under W. D. Kizer, and has
served in that capacity ever since. In June, 1880, he was nominated by the
Republicans of this county as their candidate for .Auditor, prior to the decision
of the Supreme Court, touching the validity of the constitutional amendments

■ usly adopted by the voters of the State. By this deci ' '■■••■'

n of offi(

Mr. Boltz was continued as the
place in November. 18^2. Hi>
and expressed the public appn

irtesy aud g

I after

andidate of his party for the eleo

, 1882, t

n to take
is efficiency,
n of his fidelity as Deputy. He is method-
ical and systematic lu bis management of the work incident to his position, and
by his uniform courtesy aud genial manners has won the good will and esteem
of all with whom he has been associated. He is a life-long Republican, having
voted for Gen. Grant la 1872, an.l never wavered in his allegiance to the parly
of bis choice. He has taken an active part in political matters, and has ren-
dered valuable services in behalf of the Republican party. His life has been
moral and upright, and in all his dealings he has manifested the spirit of true
n/ fnend" wlierever he has been situated. In his church rela-
te Free-Will Bapthts, having united with that
denominn'ion wlule a resident of Ridgeville. He is an active member of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pyth

•ving as Chancellor Comi

1 the Odd Fellow

fraternity he has passed the degrees of the subordinate lodge, and is now a
member of the Grand Lodgeof Indiana. On the 19lh of November, 1871, he
was united in marriage with Miss Martha J., daughter of George and Eliza-
beth Spora, of Handolph County. Their wedded life has been blessed by three
children, mimed, respectively, Myrtie E., Lura E. and Ralph Emerson.

HENRY WILLARD BOWERS was born October 13, 1851. at Cincinnati,
Ohio. His father, Henry Bowers, was foreman in the pattern shop of Miles
Greenwood's machine works in that city, and the son, when a boy, worked in
the molding-room of that establishment for a year and a half, and afterward
in the machine shop for six months. His father died in 1861, and in 1865, his
mother, with her family, removed to Winchester, Ind., which place has ever
since been their home. Henry, the subject of this sketch, attended the city
schools of Cincinnati, until the removal of the family to Winchester, and after-
ward attended school in this town, under the instructions of Prof. Ferri.s, for
two years, and later, under Prof John Cooper, of the Winchester High School,
for three years. In 1874, he entered the Sophomore class at Asbury Universi-
ty, Grecncastle, Ind-, and graduated in 1877, with the degree of Bachelor of
Arts. He had previously taught one term in a country school, and shortly after
graduating, was appointed as teacher of the High School at Winchester, which
position he still occupies. As a teacher, he is eminently successful, and pos-
sesses the regard and confidence of both scholars and parents. He is a young

F. B. CHAP.MA.^', Winchester, wasbornin 184-5, at CenterviUo, Wayne Co.,
Ind., being the son of John Chapman, a respected shoemaker of that town. He
learned the harness-maker's business at Milton, Ind., in 1867, and has followed
that trade ever since, except during the time that he was in the service of the
United States. He joined the Fifty-fourth Regiment of Indiana Volunteer In-
fantry, a throe months' regiment, in May, 1862, and served four months.
Afterward he enlisted in the Eleventh Indiana Cavalry, and served till thecl.ise
of the war. He moved to Winchester in 1865, and that place lias been his home
ever since. He married Mary A. Ennis in 1866, and they have had three chil-
dren, all living. His politics are Republican. His wife is a Methodist. He
belongs to the I. 0. O. F. Mr. Chapman is a steady, faithful and industrious
workman, and carries on a thriving business. After learning his trade, he
first worked at Cambridge, and made his first enlistment there into the Fifty-
fourth. After being discharged, he worked at Indianapolis, and then at Kokonio,
and at that place he joined the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth (Eleventh
Cavalry, Indiana troops). Company E. He enlisted December 29, 1803, and
was discharged September 19, 1865, as saddler.

HON. JOHN J. CHE.NEY.
John J. Cheney was born December 6, 1827, in Franklin County, Mass.
When ten years of age, he emigrated with his parents to Greene County, Ohio,
and was reared on a farm near Xenia. He attended the common schools at
Xenia, and wheu a young man, entered the office of Hon. Moses Barlow, of that
city, OS a law student, remaining with him two years. In 1852, became to In-
diana, locating at Winchester, where he has ever since continued to reside. He
was admitted to the bar of Randolph County, aud entered at once upon the pnio-
tice of his profession. For one year he was associated with Gen. Silas Colgrove,
and for ten years with Hon. Thomas M. Browne. Later, ho formed partnership
relations with Hon. E. L. Watson, which coutinued until 1872, at which time
he became J udge of the Court of Common Pleas. In the early days of his prac-
tice, he met the experiences common to all young attorneys, but r.apidly grew
in popular favor, and, in a short time, was recognized as a young man of talent
and merit. In 1854, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney for this district,
and served faithfully in this capaciiy for two years. In 1863 or 1864, while
absent from home, be was nominated and elected Justice of the Peace. His
sense of duty led him to accept the well-meant compliment of his friends, but
he resigned alter serving a few months. In 1805, he was appointed District
Assessor for this Congressional District, discharging the duties of this position
for a term of two years. In the fall of 1871, he was appointed Judge of the
Common Pleas Court, to fill a vacancy, and in the fall of 1872, was elected to
this office without opposition. In 1873, the Legislature abolished (his court,
and he was thereupon appointed Circuit Judge by Gov. Hendricks, serving in
this capacity until the next regular election, at which he refused to be a candi-
date. In the years that have elapsed since his removal to Winchester, Judge
Cheney has advanced steadily to a high position in the public esteem, while, as
an attorney, he ranks among the best. He is devoted to his profession, and

prompt in the transaction of the business brought before him. As a citizen and
friend he is widely known, and highly regarded by all for his upright chaructor
and integrity. On the 16th of November, 1854, he was united in marriage with
Miss M.^ry A., daughter of James Steele, Esq., who was, at that time, a oiii/.on
of Winchester. His wife is an excellent lady, and shares with her husband the
regard and affection of a large circle of friends. To bless their wedded life
there were four children, of whom oue son and one daughter alone survive.

JOHN H. COTTOM.
John H. Cottom was born June 4, 1788, at Snow Hill, Md. His father
moved to Kentucky when he was a lad of eight or ten years. John H. Cottom
married in Kentucky, and moved to New Paris, Ohio, in 1812. They had four
children, viz. ; David J., Thomas F, John W.,and Jamts Samuel, two of whom
-—John W. and James S. — are now living. John W. rcsi ies, at present, near
Lawrence, Kan., and James S.'at Winchester, Ind. JoUn H. Cottom came to
Winchester in 1843. He moved to Illinois with his lioa David in 1856. He
returned to Ohio, and died near CincinnaU, at the home of his son, John
Wesley, in 1875, as^ed eighty-seven years. He married Rebecca .lameson, of
Bourbon Ciiinty, Ky., who was born October 22, 1787, and died in 1864, at the
residence of her son, .lames S., aged soventy-serea ytjars. Mr. Cottom was

DR. JOHN T. CHENOWETH,
John T. Chenoweth was born near Greenville, Darke Co., Ohio, on
the 16tb of NoTember, 1833. His -lather, Thomas F. Chenoweth, was a
nativr of Ross County, Ohio, and removed with his parents to Darke
County, Ohio, when about six years of age. He grew to manhood there.
and w<is married to Miss Christina Thomas, in Preble County, Ohio.
He still resides on the farm, where he began married life, having attained
the age of seventy-three years. He has always been a prominent
and highly respected citizen of his county, and has been called upon
to occupy local offices at various times. He served continuously
for thirty years as Justice of the Peace, retiring finally on acosunt of

His son, John, was reared on the home farm, and at an early age
learned to perform his share of the labor incident to farm life. During I
the winter he attended school, and at the age of eighteen years, he adopt-
ed the vocation of school-teaching, which he continued for about seven
years. When twenty years of age, he began the study of medicine in the |
office of. Dr. Z. M. Lansdown, at Greenville, remaining under his instruc- I
tions for two years. Subsequently he went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and con-
tibued his studies with Dr. C. H. Cleveland. He first graduated in med-
ic! le from the Eclectic Medieal Institute of Cincinnati, Ohio, and after-
ward from the Medical College, of Ohio, in the same city. He began the
practice of his profession in March, 1860, at Hunts ville, Randolph Co.,
ltd., remaining there for a period of three and a half years. At the end
of that time he removed to Williamsburg, Wayne Co., Ind., where he en-
joyi'il a successful practice, extending over a period of twelve years. In
187r>, lie located at Winchester, and has been one of the successful prac-
tilionors of this town ever since. He is a member of the State Medical
Suciety, and was one of the organizers of the Delaware District Medical

Society, and the Randolph County Medical Society, and is

imber of both,
lie has beea

y of tl

; public

menta of this county, and has contributed liberally to enterprises inaugu-
rated for the advancement of the county's interests. In politics, he has
affiliated with the Republican party since the early dnys of its existence.
He voted for John C. Fremont for President in 1856, and has since been
an active worker for the success of his party. But his devotion to his
profession has prevented his acceptance of numerous public positions
that have been tendered him from time to time.

He was made a Mason in Acacia Lodge, No. 242, at Washington'
Wayne Co., Ind., in December, 1867, and on the 5th of February, 1868,
received the Master Mason's degree in the same lodge. In January
1873, he wEthdrew from that lodge to take part in the organization of
the lodge at Williamsburg, and in 1875 transferred his membership to
Winchester Lodge, No. 56, of which he is still an active member. He i«
also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has re-
ceived the degrees of the subordinate lodge.

On the 4th of January, 1857, Dr. Chenoweth was united in marriage
with Miss Hannah V., daughter of Josiah Miller, Esq., a prominent and
highly respected citizen of Darke County, Ohio. By this union they are
the parents of three children, named, respectively. Forrest A., Ethel
May and Martha, all of whom are now living.

In the period of his residence in this county, Dr Chenoweth has es-
tablished an enviable reputation as a phy.sieiaii, and ha? gained the confi-
dence of the public and the morlical fraternity alike In social and pri-
vate life he is esteemed for his uniform courtesy and kiiidne.^-!, and his
honorable and upright character. He has risen steadily in his profession
and lucrative practice.

dgar Markle, soi

r. His father ws

^, Y.. in 1841, where he continued

to Madison County, Ind.

cantile pursuits at this point until his death, which (

his son. and the subject of this slietch, enjoyed excellent educational advantages

in his early life, and improved his opportunities, making rapid progress in his

the family to Indiana, attended the university at Me'adville, Penn. In 1859, he
began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Cook, at Markleville, Ind., and
in 1860 attended a course of lectures at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnatri. In
the soring of 1861, he began the practice of his profession at Fishersburg, Madi-
son Co., Ind. But before he had gained a fair start, the storm of war burst over
the land, and he sacrificed all his personal ambitions to do his part in the preser-
vation of national unity, and the defense of the flag. On the 4th of November,
1861, he enlisted as a private soldier in Company E, Thirty-fourth Regiment Indi
ana Volunteer Infantry. While in camp at Aiderson, he was detailed for iluty
in the hospital department, his services being retained in this capacity loni: afi- i
his regiment had been sent to the field. He returned to his company for .Im - ^
November, 1863, at Helena, Ark., and on the 4th of January, 1863. wa.^ |ii,.:

mander of a 'squad to assist in carrying out one of Gen. Grant's nlaii^ in i..
Mississippi campaign. It was his object to cut a canal from the Missis^iiij i i.
Lake Providence, a portion of the old bed of this river, which would conned
him, by way of two bayous, with the Tensas, Washita and Red Rivers, and open
a channel for light transports, by which he could again reach the Mississippi
below, and join Gen. Banks. But after the canal was cut. and the water passed
into thi- lakf, the bavou.'^, it was found. w,-re so nbstrucleJ bv fallen timber and

incident to these operations, Lieut. Markle took an active part, and for valuab
services rendered on this occasion, he was honored with a First Lieutenant
commission, on the 4th of April. 1863. At the battle of Magnolia Hills. Miss., 1
had command of his company, and for bravery displayed in the capture of a reb
battery, he was promoted to the office of Captain. In this battery, every rebi
at the guns was killed, and the last survivor had his gun loaded, with his hat
on the string, ready to spring the hammer, when he was shot. Mounting ti
breaat-works with his company, Lieut. Markle ordered the guns tiu-ned upon tl
enemy, who fled from them m confusion. As commander of Company K. I
participated in thirty-two battles and skirmishes, winning an enviable record fi
bravery and daring courage. He was at the battle of Palo Alto. Tex., one of tl

rounded and captured by a superior force of rebels, and the color-bearer, to prevei
the flag from falling into their hands, swam the Rio Grande River with it, lan(

DR. J. E. MARKLE.

1 of Jacob Markle, was bom Decembei

Markk

..„■, and started b;

ubjected to insult

ut both he and the I

fety, though, after

entirely alone through the enem^
closed, and on the 15th of Octob
1 of his re; -
1 mustered

_ . . . n March, 1866, and resumed the p
.rofession. In the winter of 1867-68, he attended a second course c
'ze Ohio Medical College, graduating in the spring of 1868. He con

at Portland, Jay Co., :

lUege, gradu
1 1873, and i

lizing the Jay County Medical Society. In 1873, he removed ti
iid., and in October, 1874, came to Winchester, where he has e'

Upont

;ion of

ilected Secretary, and in 1868 wu

o.D, ue suggesieu lae organization of the Randolph County
and was the leading spirit in the action subsequently taken in
was elected President of the society, and served one year. In
•8-79, he attended the Bellevue Hospital Medical College at New

tion with Dr. G. W. fi. Kemper, of Muncie, he organized the Delaware District

,..j:.., c....... ._ j ,-,jg^ yjjjg presi^gnt -Jq iggo. he was elected Presi-

year. He is also a member of the Indiana

Medical

dent of this society, at

State Medical Society,

d the A:

elected Secretary, by
i™yde''v'otedtc:

ire of this country.

inty Board of Heal*^ ' ' —

Health Officer of ,.

United States Pension Examiner July 1, 1883. He is enthu!

his profession, and is recognized as one of the leading physi ._„

He enjoys an extensive and lucrative practice, and has gained the confidence and

Odd Fellows fraternities. He was made a Mason at PerkinsviUe, Ind. , in Novem-
ber, 1861, just prior to his enlistment, and together with four others was elevated
to the Master's degree on the same evening. These five all served in Company
E, and three of the number were killed in battle. In 1867, he took the Chapter
degrees at Portland, Ind., and received the degree of Knight Templar at Cain-
bndge City, Ind., in 1873. In March. 1882. he received the Scottish Rite degrees
at Indianapolis. He became an Odd Fellow at Portland, Ind., in 1868, and in
1869 was Noble Grand of his lodge, occupying this office for three years. He
was made a Past Grand in this order, and was the representative from his lodge
during the session of the Grand Lodge of Indiana in 1870, He feels a deep

a, Esq., of Wayne Count;

IS Emily V

) of two children, only one o

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

first a farmer and shoe-malccr. He afterward bee»me a merchant at New Paris ;
hut, like many otliers before and since that time, he failed in business, and
engaged in keeping hotel at New Paris, Ohio. Himself and wife were earnest
and active Methodists for more than fifty years. He was kind and generous to
a fault. His house was the home of Methodist ministers through all his life,
and they found always a warm and generous reception. In his later years he
became discouraged, and somewhat disabled, and raoBtly laid aside from active
business. He found a welcome home, however, with his worthy sons, who
cheerfully and gently smoothed the rugged pathway of life for his tottering
steps, until his aged frame lay down to rest upon the bosom of Mother Earth,
and his freed spirit went home to possess the reward of grace on high. He
has a brother, Levin Cottoin, still living near Dayton, Ohio, at the great age of
ninety-one years. Mr. Cottom was an early and enthusiastic Whig. When the
Republican parly arose, his Kentucky training would not permit him to join
the war against slavery-extension, and he inclined with many others among the
"old-line" Whigs toward the Democratic party of that day, and voted for
Buchanan. David and John W., sons of John H. Cottom, came to Winchester
in 1843, and entered into partnership as merchants. From 1843 to 1850 they
did an immense amount of business — more than ever had been done before that
time, and some think their business was greater than that of any mercantile
firm even since that time. They were active Whigs, and enthusiastic in the
support of that party as long as it existed, and when that organization fell to
pieces, they joined the Ilepublican party. They were enterprising men, en-
thusiastic in business, and wide-awake in whatever they undertook, and we're
respected and useful members of society.

JAMES S. COTTOM.

James S., son of John H. and Rebecca Cottom, was burn January 11,
1826, at New Paris, Ohio. He is the y9ungest member of his father's family,
and, with the exception of his brother, John W., the only* survivor. He ac-
quired a good English education in the common schools of his native county,
and in 1843 came to Winchester, Ind., with his brothers. For a brief period
he was engaged as a clerk in the dry goods house of his elder brothers at
Winchester, beginning here his training for a mercantile life. Leaving the
store, he returned to his native town, and for awhile attended school there.
In 184.5, he wedded Miss Edith Jane Mitchell, daughter of William Mitchell,
Esq., of New P.aris, Ohio. In the year 1846, he emTiarked in the dry goods
trade at Williamsburg, Ind., and was thus engaged until 1849, at which time
he removed to Winchester. In 1801, he relinquished mercantile pursuits and
embarked in the sale of lightning rods. For a few months he met with flat-
tering succegs, but in the pursuit of this occupation a misfortune befell him
which changed the tenor of his life, and reduced him frotn a strong, vigorous
man to an invalid. While "rodding" the house of Col. Young, at Anderson,
Ind., he fell from a ladder to the ground below — a distance of twenty-seven
feet. The fall produced a complete paralysis of the lower limbs, and from that
hour he has never walked. Three weeks after the occurrence, he was placed
upon a litter and carried to his home by men on foot. His wagon, with eight

these friends conveyed him to his family, assisted by many others who volun-
teered their services along the route. He lay with but little hope of life, and
no expectation of ever regaining his power of locomotion. Indeed, his phy-
sicians, with one exception, pronounced his injuries fatal, and for six months
his life trembled in the balance. But after the lapse of a year he became
satisfied that death was not immediately imminent, and was filled with a

he engaged in the sale of medicines and musical instruments, then in the sale
of agricultural implements and stoves, and subsequently iu the sale of sewing
machines, at which he is still succeiisfully engaged, in connection with the fire
insurance agency. Since his misfortune, he has occupied various public offices.
He served as To\'nship Clerk for more than two years, as Justice of the Peace
for four years, as Recorder of Randolph County for four years, and for nearly
twelve years has been a Notary Public. In early life he developed remarkable
musical tiilento, which he cultivated until he attained more than an ordinary
degree of perfection and skill. In 1853, two years after the occurrence of his
misforl une, he called and managed a musical convention at Indianapolis, at which
the leading bras.'' bands of the State joined in competilon for first and second
prizes. The enterprise proved a great success, both in a financial and musical
sense, and the appreciation of the entertainment led the attending citizens to
tender a vol" of thanks and a complimentary benefit to the energetic manager.
He has always been actively interested in musical matters, and ha.s done much,
by example and precept, to elevate the standard and encourage the development
of musical talent in this vicinity. He w.as reared under Methodist influences,
and although not formally identified with any religious denomination, he still
retains the warmth of moral and religious feeling that characterized his boy-
liood, and at heart is a believer in the doctrines of the Christian religion. His
early political training was with the Whig party, and he east his first vote for
Zaohary Taylor, in the presidential campaign of 1848. He was strongly anti-
slavery in sentiment, and drifted naturally from the Whig to the Republican
party, with which he has ever since continued to act. He is an earnest tem-
perance man, and has always added the weight of his example and influence to
the cause. In bis life, since the great pivoul event, Mr. Cottom has demon-
.strated the power of a, strong will over obstacles seemingly insurmountable.
Sitting in his bed, or in his wheel-chair, he has attended daily to the afl'airs of
active business, entering into his pursuits with a cheerfulness and enthusiasm
worthy of remark. For more than thirty years his wheel-chair and cheerful
face have been familiar sights to the citizens of this county, and his career
during this period illustrates anew the force of the injunction :

s Elleanor Rush, v

northeast corner

been governed by a high sense of honor, and for the probity of his life, and
the kind and gentle characteristics of his nature, he possesses the good-will
and affection of all who know him. His wife is a noble Christian lady, and
has been a ministering angel to him in the period of his affliction. Their
wedded life has been blesaed by two children, one of whom is deceased. The
surviving daughter, Rosa, is the widow of the late Robert S. Fisher, who
served long and faithfully as Cashier of the Commercial Bank, of Union City.
JONATHAN CRANOK was born in Guilford County, N. C, on the 6th day
of January, 1823, and resided there with his parents, on a farm, till he was
twelve years old. His father, John Cranor, emigrated, with his family, from
there, and located in Wayne County, Ind., near Williamsburg, in the fall of
1833, where the elder Cranor soon after died. Mr. Cranor's mother's name
was Nancy Little. She was of Irish descent, her parents having been born in
Dublin. Ireland. After the death of his father, Jonathan was bound to his
uncle, Thomas Cranor. In about one year of servitude, young Cranor became
dissatisfied with his master, and being naturally ambitious, with confidence in
himself, he threw oil his allegiance to his uncle, and began the battle of life for
himself. For a number of years lie worked about, upon farms, by the month,
and chopped cord-wood. In 1840, he went to Centerville, Wayne County, and
was taken in by the firm of Morton & Shaw, to learn the hatter trade, and was
associated there with Gov. 0. P. Morton, who was also learning the same trade.
After he learned his trade, Mr. Cranor abandoned it and cast about again for a
more acceptuble pursuit. Having had no, educational advantages up to this time,
besought rudimental instruction from his triend. Dr. Blair, who taught him the
common school branches. In 1843, he cftme to Winchester to finish his educa-
tion, and was admitted into the Randolph County Seminary, which was then
under the supervision of Prof. James Ferris, where he was a student for some
time. In February of 1847, during the Mexican War, young Cranor enlisted
in the regular army, ond was posted at Newport Barracks, Ky., where he
was employed in drilling recruits for the army, till the close of that war. Afteip
the close of the war, he returned to Winchester and procured a position in the
Randolph County Seminary, as assistant teacher with Prof. Ferris. "
11th day of September, 1848, he was married to Mis

born August 27, 1830, a daughter of Rush, and a

and settled down in the hotel business, on the Kizer <

from the public square in Winchester. July 4, 1860, he moved to (ireeneviiie,
Ohio, and opened a hotel there, but soon tired of that, and exchanged for a
farm near the village of Hill Grove, where he remained about two years, when
he sold out and came to Union City, and took charge of a large flouring mill on
the Ohio side, where he was engaged in the milling business till the beginning
of the great rebellion. Early in 1861, when the great rebellion was being or-
ganized, and after Sumter had been beaten down and the flag of the Union
trampled iu the dust, on President Lincoln's first call for three months' troops,
Mr. Cranor volunteered, and on the 20th day of April, 1801, was commissioned
Captain by the Governor of Ohio, after which he recruited Company I, of the
Eleventh Ohio Infantry, and reported at Camp Denison, for duty, and was
ordered to Bellair, where he was commander of the post during his term of
service. August 21, 1861, Capt. Cranor was appointed Lieutinant Colonel of the
Fortieth Ohio Infantry, and on September 1 1, 1861, promoted to Colonel, and on
the 10th of September, 1801, was mustered in and took command of the Forti-
eth Ohio Infantry. He was then ordered' to report to Col. James A. Garfield,
at Paris, Ky. Garfield was then Colonel of the Forty-second Ohio Infantry, and
commander of the Eighteenth Brigade, of which the Fortieth Ohio was a part.
On the lOtb day of January, 1862, when Humphrey Marshal, with a Confed-
erate force, was occupying a position on Middle Creek, in Eastern Kentucky,
Col. Garfield, determined to dislodge him, ordered Col. Cranor, with a detach-
ment from the Fortieth and Forty-second Ohio, to make an attack. Col. Cra-
nor also had at his command a portion of Woolford's Cavalry. After a weary
march on the 9th, and a restless night in rain and storm, on Abbott's Mountain,
without shelter and without food, early in the morning of the 10th, Col. Cranor,
with four companies of infantry, commanded respectively by Capts. Reeves,
Knapp, Williams and Malchet, madean assault upon the enemy, and after many
repulses in the early part of the conflict, from about 1 o'clock, Col. Cranor's
forces gained an advantage which was held till dark, routing and driving the
enemy out of Kent\icky. Having no provisions, Garfield ordered his forces
buck to Prestonsburg, where tl ij arrived the next day at 10 o'clock. Afterward,
Col. Cranor routed the rebels out of Pound's Gap> in the Cumberland Moun-
tains. In May, Col. Garfield was promoted and ordered away, when Col.
Oanor took command of the Eighteenth Brigade, and all the forces in Eastern
Kentucky. Col. Cranor remained in commond of these forces until in the
spring of 1803, when, on account of poor health, he was forced to resign. On
the 28th day of May, 1805, President Andrew Johnson, for gallant services,
appointed Col. Craaor Brevet Brigadier General. After retiring from the
army, Gen. Cranor returned to Union City, Ohio side, and opened a hardware
store ; and in 1865, was elected to the Senate of Ohio from the Thirty-third
District, composed of Miami, Shelby and Darke Counties. In 1868, Gen.
Cranor was elected Presidential Elector from the Fourth Congressional District
of Ohio, and cast the vote of that District for Gen. U. S. Grant, for President.
In 1872, Gen. Cranor came over on the Indiana side of Union City, and opened

a hardware store, in which business he was engaged till -, when he sold

out and engaged in the sale of boots anil shoes until , when he was appoint-
ed Deputy Marshal of the State of Indiana, which position he held but a short
time and resigned. Mr. and Mrs. Cranor have had three children, namely,
Melvin R., born June 9, 1849, and died August 21, 1860; Charles E., born
6, 1861, and Andrew J., born August 29, 1852, and married to Miss

Alio.

JOHN 1». CARTER was born March 17, 1829, in Delaware County, Ind.
, Edmund D. Carter, emigrated from .Maryland to Indiana at a very
. He removed with his family to Ohio in 1829, soon after the birth
and in 1832, removed to Madison County, Ind. In 1835, he again

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY

l.icated in Debiwarc County, returning to Miulison County a few years later. In
ISoS, became to Kandolph Oii'-.ity. locating in Stonr Creek Township, and re-
moved to Winchester in 1840. In IKV.). John 1)., the subject of this sketch,
went to lIuntsTille, in this county, where he was engaged in the woolen busi-
ness, having erected a carding-mill at that town. Shortly afterward he pur-
chased a woolen-mill at Winchester, which occupied the present site of Adam
llirsch'a furniture factory. This building was destroyed by fire about the year
1S51, and in 1852, Mr. Carter moved to thai part of Union City lying east of
the State line, and there erected and operated a saw-mill. This was the first
mill in Union City, and. in connection with it, he operated a woolen-mill, and
sold dry goods. He was ihus engaged until 1857, when he removed to Chester-
field, Madison Co., fnd., and was there engaged in the dry goods and grain
tr.ide. In 18611, he removed to Dayton, Ohio, and was engaged for two years as
salesman in the wholesale establishment of Darst, Herchalrode & Co. In 1801 ,
he ag.ain located at Chestertiehl, and in 186'i,came to Winchester, where he has
ever since resided. He engaged in mercantile pursuits here in that year, and
was thus employed until 18711. In 18ll(i. he erected the Winchester Woolen-
Mill, but in IsVilt, purchased the old seminary property, which lie converted
into a woolen-mill, operating it as such until IS80. In that year, he erected
his present establishment in the southeast part of Winchester, whore he con-
ducts an e.ttensive and satisfactory business in the manufacture of y.arns, blan-
kets, and oilier woolen goods. He is enterprising and energetic, and his estab-
lishment r.anks among the important luanuliicturing industries of Winchester.
Ill politics he is an enthusiastic Uepublicau, and in 1880, was elected Coroner
of Randolph County. He was married, in 1 H48, to .Miss Maria Mnntgar, daugh-
ter of .losiah Montgar, of Union City, Ohio. Mr. Jlonlg:ir was an e.arly settler
in D.arkc County, Ohio, and owned the l.^nd upon which the east part of Union
City is located. lie died in Nebraska in 1874, at the age of eighty years. Jlr.
Carter and wife are the parents of three children. They are worthy and highly
respected members of society. Mr. l/vrter is a member of the Odd Fellows and
Masinic fraternities, having attained the fifth degree in the former, and the
Chapter and Council Degrees in the latter.

LIOV. D. CARTER is one of the family who have been so long identified
with the industrial interests of Winchester, and who, by their imlustry in me-
chanical arts, have greatly assisleil the material prosperity of the town. He
" ■ ■■■ 1826, in Montgomery County, Ohio,

md re

In I8:iC

, the family returnee

to Montgomery County, Ohio, where the subject

sketch resided unt

1 18.'!i;. In thk year became again to Indiana

first in Madison Cm

nty, and removing to Randolph (^ounty in 1840.

, he went to Preble

County, Ohio, and worked from April to .Inne of

xr as a blacksmith's

apprentice. In June, however, ho enlisted as a

er in ihe United Stn

tes .army for the Mexican w.ar, receiving a ye.ar'a

advance. liut the v

lunleers already enrolled proved sufficient, and his

called i
,8 plac

e.in

After

o Win.

Aorking a

s trade for

In

. engaged at the trade which he learned in youth, having
vsionally united it with the kindred art of wagon and carriage making. For
years he was engaged with his brother in the manufacture of wagons and
riages, and for seven or eight ye.ar.s he conducted a custom blacksmith shop.
1873, he entered into partnership with .lohn II. Gill in the manufacture of
vagons. This enterprise was conducted very successfully under the firm name
f Carter & Gill until the cslaUishnient of the Winchester Wagon Works, when
ts interests were consolidated with those of the latter establishment, and Mr.
larter was elected manager of the blacksmith department. He is enterprising
nd energetic, and by a life of industry h.as .accumulated a comfortnble fortune,
le possesses vigorous health and a strong constitution, and belongs to that
.dive class of citizens whose labor bears so directly upon the substantial pros-
lerily of the eommuniiy in which they reside; and to him it is a matter of
lonest pride that for nearly forty years ho has been engaged in active labor,
.ud that whatever financial success has crowned his work has been attained
hrougli the medium of honest toil and prudent management. He was married
t Winchester in 1853 to Miss Hannah K. Hutchens, an estimable lady, who
las been a devoted helpmate to him, and a potent factor in his success. They
,rc the parents of three children, two of whom are now living. In politics,
dr. Carter acts with the Democratic party, and while an active partisan, and an
' ' ■'■■•■•■ • • ■ • sought nor held

riiity, 0

n isi;

', N. J. In

locating

.t Chic

0 Decatur, 111., re
ic year. From that place he went Hast again, tarrying three m
"f Del.aware, and finally returning to his former home at Ne
Icr, he removed to Elizabeth, N..I., where he remained three ;
if lH(i;i, he removed to the State of Iowa, removing shortly'
■ingfield, HI., then to fireer.c County, in the same State. From
li.] to Decatur, and in the spring of 1872, to Chicago, where 1
■c months. He nest visited Toledo, Detroit, and other cities
i> Springfield, 111., made his home at that city for three yean
lie to Winchester, Ind., and two years later, removeil to Noble:
le spring of l.'^HO, he returned tr '"' ' - ' ' '

nd a

'e he 1(

Jcrseyville, III.
1,000. He also
Jwaler, Mich.,

It Wini

lolph G

millon County Cou
inty Jail, which w;

complclcil and occupied in the summer of 1882.
energy and activity, and he has left many evidences of his skill as a master
workman and designer. He is in the prime of a vigorous manhood and active
business life, and his enterprise and public spirit have added largely to the
impetus of the local industries of this town. He is engaged extensively in llie
lumber trade at Winchester, owning and operating a saw mill, in which large
([uantities of lumber are prepared for market. His life has been successful, in
a financial sense, and he has succeeded in accumulating a comfortable fortune.
He is honored aud respected by all who know him, and is recognized among
the best citizens of the community in which he resides. In politics he is a Re-
publican, and while enthusiastic in the support of his party, he has never been
enough of a politician to seek or occupy public office, preferring to give his
ottenlion exclusively to his business. He was married on May 8, 18-50, to Miss
Caroline Rlizabeth Ross, at Newark, N. J.. Ry this union they are the parents
of four children, three of whom are now living to bless and cheer their home.

WILLIAM WFSLEY CANADA was horn June 8, 1850, in Stony Creek
Township, Randolph Co., Ind. He is the son of David Canada, a prominent and
highly-respected farmer of this county. His parents are both deceased. His
father died at Winchester October 15, 1879. His mother died two years previ-
ously (October 13, 1877). During his early life, the subject of this sketch was
'■ performing the various duties of farm life oi "' ' ' '

apprei

Whei
3 trade,
ined SI

ompleli

education. He attendeil the high school at Farmland for
with a three months' cour.sc in the Stale Normal School at Terre Haute, Ind.
He began at an early age to earn his way in the world, and has never received
assistance from any one to further his plans. His .attainments are the results
of his own unaided efforts, and he is essentially a self-made man. He began
the .^tudy of the law in 1873, in the office of WRliam Eggleston, a distinguished
altorney of Terre Haute, and shortly afterward came to Winchester, entering
the ofHce of Moorman Way, Esq., where he completed his studies. He was ad-
mitted to Ihe bar of Randolph County in June, 1874, and began the practice of
his profession. In 187B, he was Ihe associate of E. B. Reynolds, Esq.. with
whom he practiced one year. In 1877, he formed a partnership with his
brother, which continued until 1881. He has been active in politics, and is a
stanch supporter of the principles of the Republican party. He is one of the
working members, yet his services are contributed unselfishly, and without
hope of reward. He has never sought nor accepted public office. His heart is
in his profession, to which he has devoted himself with an earnestness that has
wrought good results. He is steadily rising as an attorney, in the estimniion
of the public, as well as that of the legal fraternity, and as he is yet a yoiins-
man, bright possibilities ai'e before him. Mr. Canada was married, in Decem-
ber, 1875, to .Miss Carrie E. Moore, daughter of ,lames Jloore, Esq., an early
settler of Randolph County. They are tlie parents of two chihfren, named re-
spectively— Lance and Coral. In social life they are highly regarded by a
large circle of friends, and are very properly ranked among the best citizens of

SILAS

inily ii

I AD A

a .Tan

my Cre(

Randolph Co.. Ind. His fall
and came to Ramlolph County in 1828 or 1820. His mother, Mary A. Canada,
was a native of Kandolph County, Ind. They wore the parents of ten children,
all of whom are now living. Both parents .are deceased. The mother died in
1877, and the father in 1879. Silas A., t!ie subject of this sketch, passed the
ilays of his boyhood on the home farm, attending the district schools in winler,
and assisting in the work of the farm during the remainder of the year. In
ISliO, he attended the school at Farmland, in this county, under the instruc-
tions of Dr. Ault, and during Ihe summer of 1875, w.as a student in the college
of Ridgeville. He attended school at Winchester, in the same ye.ar. At the age
of eighteen years, he began teaching school iu Randolph County, and was tlius
employed at intervals for several year.-, and was Principal of the Arba Gradeil
School two years. Three times, while thus employed, he was granted a two
years' license, his general average each ti^e being 100 per cent. In 1870, he
began the slndy of law, with A. 0. Marsh, and on the ISth of January, 1877,
was admitted to the bar of Randolph County. From 1877 to 1881, he was ns-
soci.ated iu the practice with his brother, under the firm name of Canada ,v
(Canada, after which he became a member of the present firm of Stakebake,
Canada & Marsh. As a school teacher he was successful and efficient, and. as
an attorney, he is r.apidly rising to prominence. He is yet a young man, , 'ind,
judged by his energy and ability, it is safe to predict for him a bright, and pros-

JE.><SE CANADAY wsa, born December 13, 1847, in Wayne County, Ind.
His parents, Enos and Hannah Canaday, were both natives of North Carolina,
his father of Guilford County, and his mot her of Randolph County. They
each came to Wayne County, Ind., with their parents, when quite young, and
grew to maturity there. The father was fortunate in the .accumulation nf a
fortune, by years of indHslry and honest effort, bnt his confidence in his neigh-
bors cost him dearly, for, by becoming security for tliem at various times, he
lost, nearly all he had .accumulated. Under the changed condition of Ihe
father's fortunes, the sons were compelled to lean more upon their own re-
sources for whatever success they attained in preparing them,selves for active
life. Jesse, the subject of this sketch, had enjoyed the adv.antage.s of the com-
mon schools in boyhood, attending only in the winter; but by persistent study
and application he acquired a good English edncation, and in bis nineleenfh
year began teaching school during the winler, and clerking in stores during
other porlions of the year. In the meantime, having registered in the oltice of
.lames Urown, of Newcastle, Ind., he gave all his leisure time to the study of
law, with a view of adopting the legal profession. His preceptor was then a
well known attorney, and has since risen to distinction. Under his instiuo-

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHlP.

lions, Mr. Ciinadny givineJ ground rapidly in his studies, and was admitted to
the bar of Henry County in 1S74. He did not enter upon the practice at once,
however, believing that a good purpose would be subserved by remaining for
awhile in mercantile life. In 1875, he located at Hagerstowu, Wayne Co.,
Tnd., where he remained about six years. During two years of this time, he
was Cashier of the Commercial Bank, and for three years was engaged in the
practice of his profession. In April, 1882, he came to Winchester, having de-
cided to devoted his time and talents to the practice of the law. He was mar-
ried on December 24, 1874, to Miss Sarah J. Wright, at the home of her
father, Thomas G. Wright, in Henry County, Ind. On .Vugust 1, 187'!, she
died, leaving one little daughter, to mourn her loss. Mr. Canaday w^s mar-
ried to Miss Lila Brown, his present companion, on December G, 1880.
.She is a lady of culture and refinement, and enjoys the regard and esteem of a
large circle of friends. In politics, Mr. Canady has always acted with the Re-
publican party, taking an active interest in its success, while he has never
sought public office, nor served but once in a public capacity. This was during
his residence at Hagerstown, at which time he served four years as Justice of the
Tcace. He is yet a young man, with his life all beforo him. He is naturally
energetic and enthusiastic, devoted to his profession, and possessing the quali-

All.MSBEE DIGGS was among the earliest pioneers of Kandolph County,
and for many years one of its most active and reliable citizens. He came here
in the prime of a vigorous manhood, and tor more than a half century was
identified with the development of (he county, bearing his full share in pioneer
hardships, and contributing liberally to the encouragement of public improve
nients inaugurated in later years. He was horn in 1 795, in .Vuson County, N.
C. About the year 1810, he married Mary Way, and in the winter of 181li-17.
started with his young wife for the wilds of Indiana, reaching Randolph County
in February, 181 7, and locating on the banks of White River. Here he ad-
dressed himself to the task of clearing and improving a farm, and although he
was a successful and energetic farmer, he was an enthusiastic hunter, and fond
of the chase. Often his sons were sent into the woods to bring home the hides
and hams of deer slain by their father, these being the marketable parts of the
animal, and readily convertible into money. Thus for years he lived in the
woods, farming and hunting .alternately. In December, 1817, his eldest son,
Henry, was born. The latter was one of the first white children born on While
River in this county, his only seniors being Fanny, daughter of William Diggs,
and Lydia Wright, now the wife of Endsley .Tones, of this county. In the
years that ensued, eleven other children were added to the family of Mr.
Diggs, si.\ of whom .are now living, viz. : .lohn W.. Jesse, Rachel, William,
Matthew, and Fanny. Littleberry, Wiishington and Hannah died young.
Henry, the eldest, grew lo manhood in this county, and married, but is now
deceased, fatience, wife of .J. II. Leake, .and Priscilla, wife of .Stephen Moor-
man, are also iloccased. Mr. Diggs entered a tract of 17H acres, from which
he developeiJ his farm. For the jiurpose of purchasing this tract he went on
horseback to the land office at Cincinnati, with just enough money to pay for a
quarter section ; but upon his arrival he learned that the tract " overran," ami
it would be necessary for him to purchase the entire amount. He did not
possess the requisite amount of money, and had it not been for the kindness of
a young man in the land office, he would have been compelled to return with-
out a title to the land on which he had erected his cabin, and where his family

amount, taking no security other than hi« verbal obligation, and he returned
the happy owner of the land he had selected. .Six months p.assed before he was
able to return the money so generously loaned him by the stranger, but it was
repaid with true gratitude for the kind accommodation. Like many others
among our western pioneers, he began life in limited financial circumstances,
and by hard work and industry accumulated a fortune. About the year 1850,
he erected a saw mill and grist mill on White River, and for ten years or more
was engaged in this enterprise, !>■ m which he derived a fair profit. Though
possessing only a limited education, he was a man of fine natural intelligence,
and was constantly adding lo his store of knowledge by study and observation.

never identified with the Society here, his early teacliings marked and governed
all his life. He was a man whose verbal obligation was accepted as readily
and considered as sacred by himself as his bond. In all his dealings with his
fellow-men, he was actuated by principles of strict honesty, and none were more
highly esteemed than he. In his political affiliations he was at first a Whig,
and later a Republican, and while he was an active .and zealous partisan, he
always shunned public office, and never permitted his name to be used in con-
nection with any nomination. He reared a large family, who inherited their
fatiier's sterling traits, and are now among the honored ami respected citizens
of the commuuities in which they reside. He died in March, 1872, having
lived lo see the pioneer settlement develop into a populous ami wealthy county.
His wife did not long survive the husband with whom she came to these wilds,
as she died in October of the same year.

JOHN W. DIGGS, son of Armsbee and Mary Diggs, was born on the 20tli
of January, 182(3, at the old homestead in White River Township, Randolph
County, Ind. He has pas.sed his days in this county from childhood to mature
age, and has been identified more or less prominently with the public welfare

It of th

ounty di

boyhood, iie labored under (hr disadvantages common to a new settlement, par-
ticularly in respect to school privileges, and the greater portion of his time was
required in the work of (he home farm. He attended school in one of the rude
schoolhouses of that period, but his education is mostly self-acquired. His
elder brother married and loft home, and he, being the next in age, took upon
himself the burden of the work about the farm, and continued to work for his
father until 1849. In May of that year he was married to Elizabeth, daughter
of John and Mary Helms, and sister of G. W. Helms, of Winchester. After
his marriage, he rented a portion of his father's farm, which he continued to
cultivate until the spring of 1862. He had learned the carpenter's trade, and

at the date last named adopted that pursuit for a livelihood. In 1865, he
adopted the citbinet-niaker's trade, which he pursued successfully until the
winter of I8fil-G2. He sold his shop at that time and has since been engaged
in the undertaker's line. His life has been a success, financially and other-
wise. He never believed in wastiog time, and his years have been years of
industry. He has acquired a comfortable fortune, all of which has been gained
by honest toil. So firmly have the habits of his youth become a part of his
nature, that he is always happiest when busily engaged at some manual labor.
And while his industrious life has well earned complete rest for his later years,
he lacks the inclination to a-^cept it. The bride of his early years has been
spared to conjfort and cheer his later life, and share with him the high reeard
and esteem of the community. They are the parents of three sons, named,
respectively, George S., Charles C. and Eddie F. The former is the senior
member of the firm of Diggs fi Way, of Winchester, while the younger brothers
occupy the stiitions of clerks. Mr. Diggs is recognized as one of our best citi-
zens, and has always felt an interest in the progress and public welfare of this
county and town, contributing liberally to enterprises inaugurated with this
end in view. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has
been identified with this denomination for a number of years. His life has
been consistent with his religion, and in all his dealings with his fellow-men he
has been honorable and fair. He became a member of the Odd Fellows frater-
nity at Winchester in 1854, and is still an active and enthusiastic member of
that order, having attained the rank of a Uniformed Patriarch in the Encamp-
ment. In bis political affiliations he is a Republican. His father was a Whig,
and in his early boyhood, the son embraced the principles of that party, and
later was a radical .Vbolitionist. He took an active though quiet part in the
anti-slavery movements in this county, and upon the rise of the Republican
party he became one of its earliest and stanchest friends and supporters, and
has ever since been one of its most unwavering adherents. He hjis never felt
political ambition, and never sought public office. He has, however, been
elected to several local positions by the spontaneous will of the people, and
without eflTort on his own part. He was elected six times in succession to the
office of Trustee of White River Township, and afterward served two years as
Clerk and Treasurer of the town of Winchester, .and subsequently as Trustee of
the corporation.

CALVIN W. DIGGS, son of Littleberry C. and Mercy (Ad.lington) Diggs,
was born September 1.3, 1843, in Stony Creek Township. Randolph Co., Ind.
About the year 1854, he removed with his mother to Liber, Jay (Jo.. Ind.. his
father having died in December, 1840. Here he attended school the greater
portion of the time during the next eight years. In the meantime civil war had
broken out, and in 18fi2, he left his studies lo do his p.art in defense of (he Union.
In August, 181)2, he went to Richmond, Ind., and enrolled himself as a member
of Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana Regimen(, and was with his regiment in
the battle of Chickamauga, where he was captured by the rebels on the 20th of
September, 1863, while trying to save a comrade, William Mendenhall. From
the batde-field he was taken to Richmond, Va., and placed in Libby Prison.
At the end of a month, he was transferred to Danville, Va., where he was kept
for five months, and from (hat point to Andersonvillc, Ga., where he spent
eight months in the miserable pen, whose horrors will continue to be a blot
upon the name of the South as long as memory or history shall endure. On
the 20tli of November, 1804, he w!is exchanged, and after a furlough of forty
days, rejoineil his regiment at HuntsviUe, Ala., remaining with it until the
close of the war. After his discharge fjpm the service he returned to his home,
and, for throe or four years following, taught in the district schools of the
county during the winter, and in the spring of 1869, was appointed Deputy by
William E. Murray, who was then Auditor, and in the fall of 1873, accepted the
position of Deputy Clerk, under R. A. Le-avell. In the fall of 1877, he em-
barked in the business of collecting the foreign fees of Sheriffs and clerks, in
the pur.iuit of which he visited each county in the SUite. This enterprise was
a new one, and he found it pleasant and reasonably remunerative. In Decem-
ber, 188(1, he was appointed Assistant Attorney General for the Sixth and
Eleventh Congressional Districts, his duties being the collection of fees due the
State. In March, 1882, he formed a partnership with J. W. Macy, in the in-

On the 28tli of October, 1877, he was united in marriage with Miss Harriet R.
Edger, daughter of Edward Edger, Esq., of Winchester. Their wedded life has
been blessed by two children, named, respectively, Bessie Diggs (deceased; and
Nellie E. Diggs. Mr. Diggs has grown up in this community, and is well known
throughout the county. He has gaineil a fair share of the world's wealth by
energy and industry, and by his honorable dealings with his fellow-men, has
won their confidence and esteem, and he is recognized as one of our best citi-

PATRICK HENRY DEAN was born March 9, 1830, at Nicholasville, Ky.
He was reared on a farm, and received a common school education in the
schools of his native city. His father, John Dean, removed from Kentucky to
Indiana, locating first in Johnson County, ant removing at a later date to
Delaware County, and finally to Grant County, where he still resides. His son
accompanied him, remaining at home until his father removed to Grant County.
While residing at Franklin, Johnson County, he learned the art of making
daguerreotypes, and decided to adopt that vocation. After the removal to
Delaw.are County, he worked on the farm for awhile, and afterward set up »
gallery at Muncie, with a Mr. Parsons. From Muncie he removed to Tipton,
Ind., and engaged in mercantile pursuits. In this line he met with marked
success, and the firm of P. H. Dean & Co., became one of the foremost houses
in the town. But just in the midst of his success, and when le.ast expecting it,
his fortunes were reversed, ond he was ruined financially by the treachery of
(hose he believed to he his best friends. He found it necessary to surrender
his hopes in the mercantile line, and return to the practice of his .art for a live-
lihood. He opened a gallery at Tipton, in partnership with a Mr. Craycrafl,
and about a year later removed to Noblesville, Ind., where he was engaged in
the same business. Misfortune seemed to follow him, for, while at Noblesville,

HISTORY OF RA^'D0LP1[ COtLN'TY.

5t as his work besran to jjay him, his gallery was destroyed by fire, and
possessions were swepf away. From Noblesville lie went to Chicago, and
irs later came to Winchester, where he has resided ever since, practicing

of photography. Ilaviug adopted this profession, he has studied it well,
s developed some original and ingenious methods, among them being a
le for rolling and burnishing photogr.aphs, of which he is the inventor
itcntee. This has proved a useful accessory to the photograph gallery,
s been sold throughout the United States. In 1874, he was united in
ge with Miss Lizzie McDonald. T?y this union they are the parents of
lighter— Emma. Mr. llean was made a Mason at Tipton, Ind., and re-
the first three degrees of the order at that place. After his removal to
;ater. he received t'le Chapter and Council degrees at this place, and the

of Knight Templar at Muncie. lie is a good natured, genial man,
ring his residence in this town has gained ni.iny friends.

HON. EDWATID RDGEll,
Winchester, Ind., was born in Derry County. Ireland, March 10, 1803. He
was (he son of Edward and Martha (Shields) Edger. The family, consisting of
the parents and eight children, came to America in 1807, leaving Ireland .June
4th of that year. Coming over in a sailing vessel, it required three months to
make the voyage. They landed at Baltinjore and went to Augusta County,
Va., where they remained one ye.xr, when they removed to Bourbon County,
Ey., where they resided until 1823, when the parents and familv, excepting the
subject of this sketch, removed to Castinc, D.arke Co.. Ohio, w'here they con-
tinued to reside during the remainder of their lives. After his father removed
from Kentucky, the subject of our sketch was employed in fiat-boating and as
pilot on steamboats on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. He served as pilot
succes.sfuUy for six years. On March 8, 1828, the " Tennessee," a large pas-
senger steamer upon wliich he was ascending the Mississippi, struck a snag
and sunk. About one hundred passenger.^ were drowned ; Mr. Edger escaped,
with only his night clothes, by swimming six miles on a small board. Ho was
married to Miss Jane G. Putman, daughter of Unerstus Putman, a merchant of
Now Madison, Ohio, November 12, 183:j, and settled at New Madison, where
he engaged in the saw-mill business. Mrs. Edger is a sister of Col. David
Putman, of Palestine, Ohio, and .J. G. Putman, formerly a well-known citizen
of Winchester. She is a lady of sterling character, and holds a high place in
the esteem of all who know her. Mr. and Jlrs. Edger removed to Randolph
County, Ind., in 1837, locating where the town of Deerfield now stands, .Janu-
ary 20 of that year, where they kept a general supply store until 1854, when
they removed to Winchester, where they have since resided. They are the
parents of twelve children, seven of whom survive. Mr. Edger served a regu-
lar apprenticeship at the cabinet trade, but has spent most of his life in general
merchandising, more recently in the grain trade. During his career he ha,
been associated as partner with Mr. .1. G. Putnam, Mr. .1. B. Goodrich, Mr.
Asa Teal and II. T. Semans. At the present he is retired, after a long and
active business life. Although not a politician, Mr. Edger is a Conservative
Democrat. He was elected

his final mi

It Ore

ally ir

D.N.C. Angus

, 18tJ5. He returned from

,e field ,

iind allov

le tied w

' a member of any church ;

Mr. Ed

ipini.

e Mason

1825, and the
irty years ago.

grees of the Royal Arch Chapter, at liiciimui..!, lud

! was one of the charter members aud the first Masi

I. 511, F. & A. M. Subsequently he aided in organi

er which he presided for a time as blaster. He has led a useful and busy

e, and is approaching " that bourne from which no traveler returns, ' with the

im confidence of one who has erected his spiritual building agreeably to the

signs laid down by the supreme Architect of the universe.

CAl'T. EDMUND ENGI.E was born August 8, 1831, in Chester County,
ever, are associated with Indiana, .as he
— —'3 w'-e- bu' 'bur years of age. His father,
vc of Chester County Penn., where he was born in
iarn but Icarncl the wagon-maker's trade, and
iitil I><42 In 183(1 he married Miss Catharine
nt} wl o-e anfp=t rs settled in Pennsvlvania as
vpl II 1 fjiiilvio W:ivne County, liid..

_ ged in the sale of agricultural im-
plements, in ■ " ii i],<- insurance business, associated with his son,

.John K. Kriiri' .n.'^iirked in the grocery trade, and was thus en-

gaged for H > iiiiime, in connection with Dr. .Markle, he laid

out Eiigle \ M.ir; Ip - i i liii,.,i u, th^town of Winchester, and was extensively
engaged in the sale of lots. On the first of January, 1881, in connection with
his son, he established the New York Store, which was conducted under the
firm name of Engle & Son until April, 1882, when John Rich.ardson purchased
the interest of John R. Englo, the junior member of the firm. Mr. Engle was
married October 15. 185(5, to Miss Gertrude K. Bishop, daughter of John W.
Bishop, late of Randolph County. By this union they are the parents of seven
children, four of whom are now living, viz. : John R., Emma G., Charles F.
and Walter J. His wife is an estimable lady, and possesses the affectionate re-
gard of all who know her. She is a member of the Disciples Church, as is
also her hu.sband. Although he has never occupied public oflice, Mr. Engle
has taken quite an active part in local politics, always wielding his influence
in favor of the Republican party. He is identified with both the Masonic and
Odd Fellows fraternities of Winchester, having attained the Royal Arch degree
in the former. He is a successful business man, and by his honor.able methods

Towns

advanced age. lle«.i-
ing emigrated to this li
part in the developnuiii

common schools each year, i
twenty-first year, he entere
Ind.. where he spent a year

lor Hiuh ScluK.l. under I'n.l

nily of twelve
re engaged in agricultural pur-
one lost his life during the late
the father, has reached the age
id well preserved for one of his

of Washington Township, hav-
nty, Ohio, and taken an active
I a wilderness to a prosperous

the home farm, and his early

■i, and afterward r

nlisted in the lOO-day';
d Thirty-fourth Indian
at the close of the te

ImU of the same year forn\ed partnership r(
wliich continued until 1874. From 1874 t
with L. W. Study, and since the latter dat(

GEORGE N. EDGER.

born Junes. 1852, at the 1

. of Deerfield, in Ward

led school vnd ac luirod i _

le began an apprenii.f

lhe^

inter He was thus e

'gaged

nhste

s a 1 riv lie soldier in Compi

nian

llegi ent but upon

10 orga

the lank of Orderly S

- oHic
the I
rcgim

e of Second Lieuten-u
nc\ear v is proinotod i
ent in all the battles "

':"',

the till and lOtl of Mir li 180> they participaicd in (hclia(-
oiks N ( wUre Capt J L Neff was killed. Lieut. Engle
lel Cai tnin an I co itinued in command of his company until

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

estimable young lady, of Union City, Inrt. He became an Odd Follow in 187C,
at Union City, and is still identified with the lodge of tlint place. He has taken
all the degrees of the subordinate lodge, and is a member of the Encampment.
WILLIAM FITZMAURICE was born iu 184S, in County Kerry, Ireland,
and emigrated to America with his parents in 1850. They had a rough and
stormy voyage of six weeks, landing finally at Quebec, and shortly afterward
located in New York, near the shores of Lake Champlain, where they resided
two years. In 1853, they removed to Unrdin County, Ohio, and from that
point to Lima, Allen Co., Ohio, in 18i;5, where the parents still reside. During
his residence at Lima, the suhjcct of this sketch became an apprentice in n
machine shop, and spent five years there in acquiring a knowledge of the trade
he has ever since pursued. From 1871 to 1874 he worked at Clalion, Ohio, and
in the latter year came to Winchester, Ind., where he purchased an interest in
a foundry and machine shop. Subsequently he sold his interest, but the
parties failing to pay, he resumed his connection with the business, purchasing
the entire establishment. He remodeled it to some extent, and now conducts
it alone, manufacturing balconies, cutting boxes, iron fence, etc. He is an
energetic, industrious man, and under his management the business lias in-
creased, and is steadily growing. In 1873, he was married to Miss Margaret
MoiVary, in Fremont, Ohio. By this union they are the parents of three chil-
dren. Himself and wife are members of the Roman Catholic Church, and are
esteemed by all who know lhei.i as kind neighbors and good members of
.society. In politics Mr. Filzmaurice was formerly identified with the Derao-

DAVID FUDGE. Jacob Fudge, the father of this gentleman, was one of
the early settlers of Preble County, Ohio. He v/a.i born in Virginia about the
year 1800, and emigrated with his parents to Ohio in 1805. He was reared a
farmer, and followed that occupation during the greater part of his life. He
married Susan Wagner in 1823. In 1847, he came, with his family, to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., locating five miles southeast of Winchester, on the Lynn road,
and died at his farm in 1868. His widow still survives, occupying the old
homestead. Mr. Fudge was a man who always stood high in the estimation of
those who knew him, and was recognized by all as an honorable, upright citi-
jen. During his residence in this county, he occupied various local offices, not
high in dignity, hut indicating the confidence reposed in him by his neighbors
and fellow-citizens. Among the positions he occupied, were those of Deputy
Sheriff, .Assessor and Constable. In politics, ho was a Democrat. He had en-
joyed fair educational advantages in youth, and in later life taught school,
both in his native county and after his removal to Randolph County. David,
the subject of this sketch, was born January 21, 1842, in Preble County, Ohio,
and accompanied his father's family to Randolph County, Ind., when five years
old. His boyhood was spent in the usual routine of farm life, while in winter
he attended the district schools of his neighborhood. In 1802, lie enlisted in
Company B, of the Ninetieth Indiana Volunteer Regiment (Fifth Cavalry), and
was with his regiment in all of its battles until April, 18ti4. when he suffered
an attack of rheunialism, which disqualified him for active service. He
was transferred to the Invalid Corps, and was detailed for hospital duty at
Philadelphia. He was honorably discharged iu August, 18(15, and, after the
war, resumed the pursuit of farming, which he conlinued for a year. Within
that period, however, he met with an accident in a sawmill, which resulted in
the loss of one of his lower limbs, and he was thereby disr|ualified for the work
of the farm. He next turned his attention to merchandising, embarking in this
pursuit at Snow Hill, in 1808. From that place he removed to Wood Station,
.and from the latter place to Winchester, in 1878. Here, he engaged in the
sale of dry goods, millinery and ladies' furnishing goods, at whicli he has been
ever since successfully engaged. He is a competent business man, and has
built up a very satisfactory trade in his line. In 1808, he was married to Miss
Nancy Jane Hinshaw, by which union they are the parentu of two children,
both of whom are now living. In politics, Mr. Fudge is a Democrat, and al-
though he belongs to (he party which is in the minority in this county, he is
personally quite popular, and has twice polled more than the vote of his party
as the candidate for public office. In 1839, he was the Democratic candidate
for Trustee of Washington Towuship, and, although defeated by the opposing
candidate, received a vote largely ahead of his ticket. The same was true iu
1877, when he was the candidate of his party for the office of Recorder of Ran-
dolph County. Ho is a member of the Christian Church at Winchester, and is
regarded by all who know him, as an upright, honorable man.

CHARLES E. FERRIS was born May 22, 185o, at New Castle, Henry Co ,
Ind. His father, James S. Ferris, was prominently identified with the early
ed'icational interests of Winchester, and all this part of the State. He was
long a teacher in the seminary at AViiichester, and occupied a high place as an
educator. He located at Winchester about the year 1847, removing to Muncie
at a subsequent date, and later to New Castle, serving eight years as Auditor of
Henry County. After several changes of location, he finally returned to Win-
chester, remaining here until death. His son, Charles, enjoyed superior edu-
cational advantages in youth, and under his father's instructions, acquired a
comprehensive store of useful knowledge. In 1873, he began work at the tin-
ner's trade, and was thus engaged for two years. He was then engaged, for an
equal length of time, as clerk in a drug store at Winoliesler, and in 1877, was
appointed Deputy Postmaster, under F. M. Way. In this capacity he proved
efficient and obliging, winning the regard of the public, and unconsciously
gaining popularity for himself. In November, 1878, there were thirteen can-
didates for the position of Postm.%ster, Mr. Ferris being the youngest among the
number. Under the circumstances, the Representative in Congress (Gen.
Browne) felt reluctant to make a selection or recommendation, and it was ac-
cordingly decided to submit the matter to the people for adjustment. An elec-
tion followed, at rfhich Mr. Ferris received a flattering majority of all the voles
cast, receiving thus a well merited testimonial to his ability and integrity. He

citizens, and it is reasonable to expect that his name may yet be prominently
associated with the material interests of Winche.^ter.

THE GOODRICH FAMILY.
The Goodrich family having enacted a somewhat prominent part in the
history of Randolph County, and more especially of Winchester, within the last
generation, some account of its origin and the causes that led to its identity
with this county may not be inapprapriate. In the latter part of the last cen-
tury, three young Englishmen — brothers — came to America, and first stopped
in Massachusetts, but finally separated. Edmund B. went to Virginia, and, being
quite wealthy, became a farmer and slave-holder in Amherst County. He had
a family of eight children, named respectively : John B., Thomas, Edmund,
Gideon, Susan, Catharine, Mildred and Abigail. John B., the father of the
family of whom we write, died in Virginia, when his eldest son, Edmund B.,
assumed, in a manner, the fathership of the family. The family fortunes had
become depleted, and he knew that there were few prospects favorable to a
family without money in Virginia, and that if ita members ever occupied the
stations in life for which they were eminently qualified, their rise must be ac-
complished in the newer settlements of the West. The father was a man of
culture and education, and took great pains in the training of his children. He
possessed a tine library, and was, himself, a close and constant student. After
his death, the family resolved upon a removal to the West, and with them to re-
solve was to act. They started in the unpropitious month of December, 1831,
and reached this point after a tedious journey of six weeks in wagons, in Feb-
ruary, 1832. They had intended to locate in Delaware County, Ind., but an
accident to one of their wagons in the wilds of Randolph County caused a delay
which eventuated in a permanent settlement in this county. Edmund had mar-
ried prior to his departure from Virginia, and after hi.-* arrival in Randolph
County, purchased the farm adjoining town, now owned by the widow of his
eldest son, John B. Goodrich, while his mother purchased land on White River,
two miles northwest of Winchester, this farm being still owned by a relative of
the family. It was a dismal woodland when they first went to occupy it, and
looked as little as possible like a farm. The house was the round log cabin of
the period, with puncheons for the floor, a double mill-house door, with a notch
cut out of the lower corner for the convenient ingress and egress of the cats.
In due time, however, this cabin was superseded by a two-story hewed-Iog
house, itj which the family lived as long as they remained together. It was
here that Mrs. Rebecca Goodrich, the mother, reared and educated the younger
members of her family. She was truly a remarkable woman. She was the
daughter of Mr. Pierce, of Petersburg, Va., the family being connected with some of
the oldest and best families of the Old Dominion, viz., the Watkins, Lees and
others. She had enjoyed educational and literary ailvantages, and training of
a high order, a fact that bore a marked effect in the training of her sons and
daughters. She was married at the early age of fifteen years, and became the
molherof fourteen children, all of whom grew up to honorable and useful maturity.
She was small of stature — never weighing more than ninety pounds — and rather
delicate, but endowed with an energy, will-power, and tenacity of life seldom
surpassed. She was the idol of her children, and having enjoyed the satisfao-

high s

length in peace and Christian hope, at the ripe age of
eighty years. The older members of the family received their elementary edu-

great extent, upon the limited advautages offered by this country in their day.
It was a circumstance in their favor that there was quite a school, as well as a
good library, at their own home, and many of our older readers, who were

rich boys and girls.

EnMUNi) B. was endowed with a strong, comprehensive intellect, and
his judgment was respected and deferred to. not by his family alone,
but by his outside acquaintances as well. He was not only making his
mark, but writing his name upon the moral, reformatory and educational enler-
prises of the time. He was a strong temperance man, and a leading member
of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His house was the home of the itinerant
preachers, and all' who needed hospitality. He turned his attention to the
study of the law, and was elected Judge of the Probate Court, and discharged
the duties of that office with ability.

John F., the third son, had received even a more thorough education than
his brothers, and was, in all respects, a superior young man. He studied sur-
veying and the higher mathematics, and was a scholar of unusually fine attain-
ments. When about twenty-one years of age, he started West, in advance of the
family, to seek a location, and undoubtedly acquired a taste far travel and ad-
venture, and a desire to see all that could be seen. For some time, he main-
tained regular correspondence with the family, from various points iu Ohio,
Kentucky, Michigan, Illinois, Missouri, and finally in Texas. From the lusl-
naraed place, in his last letter home, he staled that the region was infested with
Indians, and white men's lives were in danger. After the Lapse of a long in-
terval, in which no tidings came from him, it was learned that a dead body had
been found with letters addressed (o John F. Goodrich, and it is believed
that he met his death at the hands of the Indians. He was a splendid
specimen off manhood, and from his personal comeliness and fine physique,
was regarded as the Adonis of the family, and his melancholy fate was a sad
blow to them.

C.viiKV S., the fourih son, remained in Virginia several years after the family
had left, having engiigcd himself to a dry goods firm at Petersburg for a certain
length of time. At the expiration of this period he came to Winchester, where
he and his brother Edmund opened a store, conducting, for a while, a prosper-
ous business. Under some embarrassment, however, they closed out their basi.
ness during one of the financial crises so common in those days ; Carey then
turned his attention to the legal profession. He was admilted to the bar, and
achieved some success as a counselor, though not as a ple.ider. He was a care-
ful manager, and a shrewd business man, and accutDulaled, before his early
death, (juitea comfortable estate. He married Ann Hutton, sister of Jesse and
the late John M. llutlon, of Richmond. The fruits of this union were three

IILSTOUV OV KANDOLPII COUNTY.

arge faniily.

home quite young, mamed, and lived Hevoml yea
is Slate. About twciily years ago he removed to I
since resided. He lias been twice married, and

. _ ,11 learned the carpenter's trade in early life, and after-

ward devoted several months at Cincinnati to the study of the higher branches
of that profession, in order to i|ualify himself for a master-builder and designer.
He married Jane, daughter of Adam Mol'hersun, formerly of Ohio, and located
at Pern, Ind. About the time of the riots between the friends and enemies of
slavery in Kansas, he removed to that State, but finally drifted into Southwestern
Missouri. He was a radical enemy to slavery, and was outspoken and fearless.
During the war, he was captured by Price's soldiers, who started to take
him to a rebel prison, but on the march he became so lame thai they abandoned
liim to his fate. Slowly and painfully he made his way back to his home, and,
at the earliest day possible, returned with his family to his former home at
I'oru, Ind., having lost nearly everything he had possessed but his energy.
He began a mercantile business there, and, up to the time of hie death, enjoyed
a satisfactory and lucrative trade. His family consisted of fifteen children, only
six of whom reached maturity.

C.VLViN G. was, perhaps, endowed most largely with the characteristic en-
ergy of the family. He took to work and business, as a boy, with the most un-
bounded ambition. After obtaining such an education as the early schools
afforded, he secured a scholarship and availed himself of the advantages offered
by Asbury University, and became a teacher in the County Seminary at Win-
chester, when that school was first opened. But he did not long continue the
Tocalion of teaching ; he determined upon the adoption of a profession, and
chose that of medicine. Ho studied with the late Dr. Vaile, of Richmond, Ind.,
and attended lectures at the Medical College of Ohio in 18-45-411, and for a while
practiced with his former preceptor, Dr. Vaile, his health being greatly impaired
by overwork. His energy often overruled his Judgment, and he always had a
disposition to do more than one man's work. Although possessing originally a
good constitution, he never fully regained his health after it once began to fall.
He married Mary, daughter of John Wall, of Richmond, [nd., and engaged in
the practice at Knightstown, Ind., but soon removed to Oxford, Ohio, where he
remained twenty years, acquiring a superior reputation aa a physician, and ac-
cumulating a comfortable fortune. Finally, he removed to Minneapolis, Minn.,
for the benefit of his health, pursuing there asuccessful professional career until
1880, when he died, leaving a widow and four grown children, two sons and
two daughters.

Maktin Lutheb, being next to the youngest son, remained longest at the
old homestead, but prepared himself for the profession of school teaching, and
taught for a while, but soon turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He
was married and in prosperous circumstances in Southwestern Missouri at the
beginning of the war, but was obliged to bring his family North for several
years, and never returned to that locality. In 186(1, he located in Washington
t^unty. Mo., with impaired health, and died shortly afterward, leaving his
second wife and two daughters by o former marriage, who still reside in that
part of the Stale.

CHABLFji T., the youngest, of the family, also started as a teacher, bul when
a mere boy, developed a taste for commerce, and, with scarcely a dollar of means,
went to Cincinnati to engage in business. He became a clerk in a notion store,
and has steadily and industriously worked his way upward, until ho is now the
head of the house of Goodrich, Peele & Co., one of the most extensive notion
houses on Pearl street, Cincinnati. He married Miss Nanie, daughter of Dr.
Brown, of Cincinnati, in 1800, and has nnw a family of five children.

It is worthy of remark that this family has, in its individual members, ex-
emplified a high moral tone in the community, and is a flock without the tradi-
tional "black sheep." None of the hoys ever used intoxicating liquor as a
beverage, nor did they ever use tobacco or profane language.

Of the daughters of the family there were five, and all wore ladies of supe-
rior attainments. Celestina, the eldest, married Christian Snidow in Virginia,
and came to Randolph County, living here several years, and finally removing
to Tuacumbia, Ala., at the close of the war. Her husband died in that city, and
since then she has lived with her sister Jano, at Toledo, Ohio.

Cauoi.inb Louisa married Dr. J. E. Beverly, of Winchester, in 1844, and
died in 1864. She was the mother of five children, all of whom are deceased,
save one son, John E., now at Chicago.

Rkukcca P. married Thomas McKIm in 1.S40, and died in 1843, leaving
one child, now deceased.

Jank a. married Burgess W. Pierce, formerly a druggist at Winchester.
Later she removed with her husband to Toledo, Ohio, where she still resides.
Their family consisted of two children, both of whom arc now living at Atlanta,

Ann E., second wife of Dr. John E. Beverly, was married in 1856, and is
now living with her husband at Winchester. With hcrsister Jane, she attended
the Female Inslitulc at Oxford, Ohio, graduating in 186'2. Five children were
ihu fruilsofher marriage, all of whom are now deceased, save two daughters —
Rebecca 0. and Eva C, who reside with their parents at Winchester.

JOHN B. GOODRICH.

Among the jirominent and enterprising citizens of Winchester, who have
passed away, was the gentleman of whom we write. He was born in Virginia
in September, 18.S1, and came to Randolph County, Ind., with his father, Ed-
mund B. Goodrich, in February, 18.12. Ho was reared in this county, and was
widely known and universally estqcmed. He read law with his uncle, Carey
S. Goodrich, and was admitted to the bar, achieving marked success in his pro-
fession. He was engaged in the practice until 1800, associated first with his

undo. C. 8. Goodrich, and afterward with Hon, ¥.. \,. Watson. He was a very
zealous Republican, and for several years was Chairman of the Republican
Central Corauiittee of Randolph County. He wa.s an enthusiastic worker, and
rendered valuable and efficient service in organizing the Republican party in
this county. Vet he was never ambitious for political preferment, and only
once permitted himself to be a candidate for an elective office. This was in
18fil, when he was nominated and elected Clerk of Randolph County, and for
a period of eight years discharged the duties of that office. He was a hard
worker, and by his too close application to tho work in this office, brought on
consumption, which ultimately caused his death. He retired from the office in
greatly impaired health, and was never again able to engage in the practice!
of his profession. From that time his health gradually declined, until 187'_',
when he died. He was a man in whom all felt the most implicit confidence,
and in his death the community reoogniied a great loss. He was public-
spirited and enterprising, ever aiding by liberal contributions such enterprises
as turnpikes, railroads and others of a similar nature, and never hesitated to en-
courage any project in the interest of public improvement. He was taken
away in the prime of life, when his mental powers were at their zenith, and in
the midst of a professional career that was ever firward. He was qualified by
nature and education for almost any station, but he shrank from politics, anil
preferred an unolficial life. He was conscientious and honorable in all his
transactions, gaining the confidence and good-will of all with whom he had
dealings. In a financial sense he was reasonably successful, accumulating
quite a cou.fortable fortune, and at tho time of his death owned 5(>0 acres of
land, in whioii was included the old Goodrich homestead of 100 acres. He was
married in 1859 to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Edger, Esq., of Win.
Chester. By this union they were the parents of six children, five of whom,
with their mother, still survive. The sons are active, intelligent young men.
At the close of the school term, they leave their stuilies for the active work ol
the farm, in which they engage with an energy aiul enthusiasm that betoken
good results.

CHARLES GUTHEIL.

Charles Gutheil was born Juno 16, 183(1, at .Schrollbach, Bavaria, on the
Rhine. He attended school until fourteen years of age, entering then upon an
apprenticeship at the tanner's trade, with his father. In 1848, bidding fare,
well to his parents and kindred in his native land, he embarked for the United
Slates, landing at New Orleans in January, 1849. The craft in which he em-
barked was a merchant vessel, and a slow sailer, owing to which the voyage
was quite a tedious one. To add to the general discomfort, the vessel sprang
aleak while in mid-ocean, and to keep her afloat the few passengers aboard
were compelled to assist the crew at tho pumps. Arriving at New Orleans, he
embarked on a Mississippi River steamer for Cincinnati. During the voyage,
the cholera broke out on board the boat, and a number of the passengers died.
Altogether, his first experiences in America were not calculated to inspire great
enthusiasm or fondness for the country, but he learned, in time, to love his
adopted home, and to take an intelligent and patriotic part in its political and
civil affairs. From Cincinnati he went to Batavia, Clermont Co., Ohio, wheie
he was employed at his trade until the following fall, returning to Cincinnati
at that time, and working in a currying shop. In April, 1851, he removed to
Dayton, Ohio, and worked at his trade in that city for ten years. At the end
of this period, he began business for himself, renting a small lanyard at Bell
Brook, Greene Co., Ohio, where he conducted a very successful business until
1807. In that year, he came to Winchester, Ind., where he has ever since con-
tinued to reside, pursuing the tanning business and conducting a satisfactory
and lucrative business. He began on a small scale, but has gradually in-
creased the pnqiortions of his business until it now furnishes employment to
from seven to eight men, including himself and son. His goods have a fine
reputation, and the demand for them is constant. By economy and close at-
tention to business, he has made good progress in a financial sense, and, although
not wealthy, is yet in very comfortable circumstances. He is universally
respected and esteemed by those who know him, and is recognized among the
substantial and reliable business men of this community. In politics, he is an
ardent Republican, and, while taking an active interest in public affairs, has
never sought nor accepted public office. He is identified with the Masonic fra-
ternity of Winchester, having united with this order at Dayton, Ohio, in 186L'.
He is also a member of the Ancient Order of Druids. In the latter order he
has passed all the chairs and taken all the degrees of the lodge, ond for seven
years was Secretary of the lodge at Dayton. He was married, in 1850, to ,\li«.s
Margaretha Welk, at Greenville, Ohio. Mrs. Guthcil was born in 1835, at Wur-
temberg, Germany, and emigrated to New York in 1856, marrying within a
year after her arrival in America. She is a model wife, and to her economy
and prudent management of the household affairs, the husband owes much of the
financial success that has crowned his life. They are the parents of four chil.
dren, named, respectively, Augustus L., Matilda B., Charles G. ami Arthur H.
C. Augustus, the eldest .son, is the book-keeper and cashier of the Transcript
Printing Company, at Springfield, Ohio, and is a young man of fine business
ability. Charles G. is assisting his father in the business, and is a promising
young man. Matilda remains at home, and Arthur II. C, the youngest of the
family, is attending school at Winchester.

MICHAEL C. GAFFEY. Bryan Gaffey, the father of this gentleman, was
born in the County of Roscommon, Ireland, and was married to Margaret
Carr, a native of Galway County, in the same island. He came to the United
States in 1844, and to Winchester, Ind., in 1853, and is still a resident of this
town. Michael, the subject of this sketch, was born February 11, 1854, at
Winchester, Ind. He attended tho public schools until fifteen years of agt',
when he left home to earn his living. He found employment with Elisho Mar-
tin, working for his board, and attending school in the winter. He attended
the high school at Winchester for several terms, and from 1874 to 1880 was
engaged in teaching school during the winter. From 1877 to 1878 he served

i0^"l'isa^

^
^

-«^v;^ll^

'% . ^^^

fairly di'll

Res of ^y a. Thompson, vvincmestlr kandolph, Co. ino

(^Z^4'n^'^UA '.'4<l'(zi^£^t^o

ANDREW J. STAKEBAKE,
attorney at law, Winchester, Ind., was bom in Preble County,
Ohio, March 16, 1843. His father, John Stakebake, and his
mother, Anna (Clark) Stakebake, were both natives of Penn-
sylvania, removing from near Harrisburg to Preble County,
Ohio, while quite young, where they were afterward married,
and settled on a farm. Mr. Stakebake was a millwright, and
devoted most of his time to his trade, while his wife, a lady
of excellent executive ability, managed the affairs of the farm.
They were the parents of seven sons and four daughters, the
subject of this sketch being the seventh child. The family
removed to Randolph County, Ind., in 1853, and settled on
a farm four miles south of Winchester. The youthful days of
Andrew J. were spent much as the average farmer's son of that
day, in clearing and preparing the ground for cultivation and
producing crops for the maintenance of the family. He had
very little opportunity for gaining education, as the public
schools did not continue more than from two to three months
per year, and circumstances often hindered him from gaining
aU the benefits of even this limited time. At the breaking-out
of the rebellion he determined to volunteer, and, upon August
5, 1861, he returned to his old neighborhood in Ohio, and en-
listed as a private in Company E, Thirty-fifth Ohio Volunteer
Infantry. Although but a boy in years, he entered heartily
into the campaigns, and willingly shared the hardships of a
soldier's life. He participated with his regiment in many
severe conflicts, among the more noted of which are Mill
Springs, Pittsburg Landing and Shiloh, siege of Corinth,

Stone River, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge, escaping
unhurt until the last-named, during which he was wounded
four times, one of which was very severe, breaking his left
arm, on account of which he remains an invalid. Not recov-
ering sufficiently for duty, he was honorably discharged
October 17, 1864. After his return, he attended school at
Winchester for two years, after which he engaged in teaching
in the public schools for three years. In 1869, he was ap-
pointed Deputy County Treasurer, and served until he was
alected County School Examiner, June 5, 1871, the duties of
which office he discharged with ability and success one term.
During the entire time from his discharge to this date, he had
been preparing himself as best he could for the practice of
law, having to pay his way by teaching or other labor, and
study at brief intervals, as opportunity offered. He has since
been actively engaged in the practice of his chosen profession,
and always with ability and success. He married Miss Ann
Elizabeth Jaqua, daughter of Dr. Charles Jaqua, of Win-
chester, Ind., December 26, 1871, a lady of most excellent
character and social qualities. The union has been a happy
one ; they have a pleasant home, and a daughter and son of
bright promise — Mary and Neal B. Mr. Stakebake is a pro-
nounced Republican, though never engaged largely in politics.
He is not a member of any church, but liberal in his views
toward aU. He is a member of 1. 0. 0. F., taking high rank
in the order. His business life has been very successful, fie
is in aU respects a self-made man, of excellent qualifications,
•which give promise of still greater usefulness in the future.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

»3 Deputy SurTeyor uuder E. C. Hiatt, and was elected County Surreyor in
1878, and re-elected in 1880. He has grown up in this oommuuity, and is
well and favorably known tlirougliout the county. He is in all respects a self-
made man, having worked his way from comparative poverty to a comforlable
position. He has been very successful in hia business ventures, and although
slill a young man, has amassed a fortune that places him above the possibility
of want. He is honorable and upright in all his dealings, and possesses the
confidence and esteem of all with whom he is associated. In polities,, he is
identified with the Republican party, and has always taken an active and

JOHN H. GILL was born June 23, 1850, in the towu of Wellington, Lorain
Co., Ohio. His father, James M. Gill, was a native of Ireland, but came to
the United States when a young man, and located in the town of Wellington,
where he married Miss Clarissa Allen in 184"J. He wai a contractor, and was
prominently connected with Ihe eonatruotion of many important public works,
such as bridges, railiroads, etc. lu Jl8fv5, he removed. With his family, to Iowa,
where he had the contract for qopslrucling looks in the Des Moines River.
Before completing this work, however, he met with'Tvith an accident which
resulted in his death, in 18o7. John H., the subject of this sketch, was but
seven years of age at the time of his father's decease, and at an early age
learned to depend upon his own exertions for a livelihood. He attended the
common schools until sixteen years of age, and then entered upon an appren-
ticeship at the wagou-maker's trade, at Oltumwa, Iowa. After acquiring pro-
ficiency in this line, he located at Lincoln, Neb., where he was engaged one year.
The oldiir States offered better wages for mechanics of his guild, and he de-
cided lo move eastward. In 1869, he located at Anderson, Ind., and for the
next four years was engaged at his trade in that city. In 1871, he was mar-
ried, at Anderson, Ind., to Miss Margaret Smith, and two years later (July,
1873), c;ime to Winchester, with whose manufacturing industries he has since
been prominently identified. He purchased Ihe wagon shop of L. D. Carter,
and for a short time conducted the business alone. Subsequently, however,
.Mr. Carter became partner with him. They employed several workmen, and
enjoyed an extended trade, until the organization of the Winchester AVagon
Works and Manufacturing Company, when both gentlemen subscribed to Ihe
latter organization, and made its interests their own. This establishment is,
perhaps, the most extensive of all the manufacturing industries of Winchester,
and, although a new enterprise, occupies its place among the important manu-
factories of Eastern Indiana. Mr. (till has personal supervision of the wood-
working department, a position for which he is specially qualified by his pro-
ficiency in tliis branch of mechanics. He is yet a young man, and his life just
. in its prime. From early boyhood it has been marked by industry, and by
honest toil he has accuntulated a comforlable estate. He has a cozy little home,
made happy by Ihe presence of a loving and devoted wife, and two daughters —
Lizzie and Clara. Among his fellow citizens he is recognized as an upright,
honorable man, and possesses the esteem and confidence of all who know him.
He united with the Odd Fellow.s fraternity at Winchester, in 1873, and has
passed all Ihe chairs of the subordinate lodge and encampment. At the session
of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, held in November, 1880, he was the representa-
tive from his lodge, and represented Ihe encampment at Winohe3t«r during the
session of the Grand Encampment held at Indianapolis in May, 1882. He is
also a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, and iiotive in his fraternal re-
lations. He was made a Mason at Winchester in 1879, and nas reached the
degree of Master Mason.

GEORGE W. HELMS was born December 18, 182.3, in Marion County
InJ. In 1826, his parents removed, with their family, to Montgomery County,
Ohio, where the father died in 1 829. In 1 838, the subject of this sketch accom-
panied his mother to Randolph County, Ind., where he has ever since contin-
ued to reside. He enjoyed a common school education, and grew up with a
taste for mechanics. Until 1851, he remained on the farm, six miles north-
west of Winchester, but came to this town in that year, and became the part-
ner of Lewis Walker in the cabinet business, and was subsequently associated
with John W. Diggs in the same business. In 1863, he began the practice of
the photographer's art, which he continued until 1866. In thai year, he em-
barked in mercantile pursuits, in partnership with John Richardson, and at a
later date was associated with Dennis Kelly. In 1875, he formed a partner,
ship with Joseph Bishop in the hardware business, at which he is still engaged.
In 187y, the firm of Helms & Bishop added the gr.iin business to their pursuits,
and in this have been very successful. June 4, 1854, Mr. Helms was united
in marriage with Miss Alraira Hiatt, daughter of George Hiatt, Esq., a highly
respected citizen of this county. He is a competent business man, and by in-
dustry and close attention to his pursuits, has amassed a comfortable estate.
In his early political life, Mr. Helms was identified with the Whig party, and
arrayed himself with the anti-slavery element, being a pronounced Abolition-
ist. Upon the rise of the Republican party, he embraced its principles, and
has ever sinoe been among its active supporters. He has taken an active part
in the temperance movement, and is recognized among the friends of that
cause. He has lived an upright, moral life, and by his fair and honorable
dealings has established himself in the coufidence of his fellow-citizens, among
whom he is highly esteemed.

DANIEL E. HOFFMAN was born November 2, 1H38, in Lebanon County,
Penn. He acquired a good common school education in his boyhood, and
when a young man of twenty years of age. had become proficient as a marble
cutter. He was engaged at his trade in Buffalo, N. Y., and afterward traveled
quite extensively. In 1857, he passed through Winchester, Ind., en route to
Fort Wayne, and in 1858 returned to Winchester, where he has ever since con-
tinued to reside. He began business here as a marble-cutter and dealer, in
the old court house, which then stood north of the .public square, and subse-
quently removed to his present location at the northwest corner of Washing-
ton and Meridian streets. Since that time he has been the only dealer in his
line in Winchester, having purchased the establishment of his only comiielitoi-s
soon after locating here. He is an enterprising, industrious business man, and

by his untiring energy has worked his trade up to satisfactory and lucra-
tive proportions in this community. He has succeeded well in life from a
financial point, and is essentially a self-made man. Without assistance of a
pecuniary nature from any one, he has worked his way from humble circum-
stances to a position of affluence, and by bis industry iilone has carved out a
comforlable fortune. He is yet in the prime of a vigorous manhood, and gives
fair promise of attaining yet many years of usefulness and activity. He has
taken an active interest in the agricultural and horticultural development of
this 'cqmmunity, and for several years has served as Secretary of the Agricult-
ural Society of Randolph County, and has attended several meetings of the
State Hdrlicultural Society iis a delegate. He has been a member of the Ex-
ecutive Committee of that society for several years, and is now one of its
Vice Presidents. He is an enthusiastic hortio^ilturist, and has done as much,
perhaps, as any one in Randolph County to awaken an interest and encourage
improvement in this matter. As a citizen,, Mr. Hoffman is highly respected,
and enjoys the esteem and good-will of all who know him. He is modest and
retiring in manner, and thoroughly honorable in all his dealings. He has
never been prominently identified with the political history of this locality,
though he is an active Republican, and works to the extent of his influence for
the success of the party. He has nevei; sought public office, but was once
prevailed upon to serve as Marshal of the town of Winchester. He was mar-
ried, in 1862 to Miss Angeline Carter, a native of Randolph County, and
daughter of Ed. Carter. By this union they are the parents of five chil-
dren, only two of whom now survive. Mr. Hoffman has an elega
the south part of Winchester, surrounded with the comf
sided over by the devoted wife who has been a helpmate t

and a

JOSEPH C. HIRSCH was born October 20, 1836, at Wurtemberg, Ger-
many, and came to the United Slates with his father's family in 1845, locating
in New York Cily, from whence he removed to Syracuse, N. Y., in 1846. In
1847, the family removed to Hamilton, Ohio, and in 1849, to Dayton. The father
was a dyer, and was engaged at that pursuit both before and after his emigra-
tion to America. He had a family of nine children, six of whom now survive,
and five of this numhernow reside at Dayton, Ohio. Joseph C. wasbut nine years
of age when he came to the United Stales, but at that early age he began to
earn money by his daily work. He found employment as "stripper" in a
cigar factory in New York, continuing this line of employment until Ihe re-
moval of the family from that oity, and walking four miles to his work. At
Hamilton, Ohio, he found employment in the drug store of Jacobs !i Brown.
Subsequently he occupied the position of clerk in the wholesale drug house of
Birdsall Brothers, for two and a half vears, and for eleven years was a clerk
in the drug store of J. A. Wallers, at Dayton, Ohio. In his life as a clerk he
proved himself faithful and capable, developing good business talenls, and
gaining the confidence and good-will of his employers. He was prudent and
economical, saving his earnings with the view of engaging in business for him-
self. In 1863, he came to Winchester, and opened a drug and book store, which
he has sinoe continued to conduct, eiyoyinga very successful and satisfactory
trade. Hie house is, perhaps, Ihe oldest in its line in Winchester, and its
proprietor is well and favorably known throughout the county. In April,
1863, he was married to Miss Fanny H. Snyder, an estimable young lady, who
is still spared to him, to preside over his happy home. In politics Mr. Hirsch
is identified with the Democratic party. He is not, however, a very active
partisan, and has never aspired to public office, though he has served several
years as a member of the Town Council, discharging, at the same lime, the du-
ties of President and Clerk of that body. He is a thorough business man, and
by his prudent management has acquired a comforlable fortune.

JONATHAN S. HIATT was born March 1, 1840, in Henry County, Ind.;
his father, Silas Hiatt, and his grandfather, Jonathan HiatI, were both early
pioneers of Randolph County, locating here about the year 1818. His father
removed to Henry (jonnty, Ind., in 1836, and after several changes of location,
died in Wabash County, Ind., about the year 1864, having settled in that
county in 1848. He had a family of nine children, four of whom now sur-
vive. During his life, he was engaged in agricultural pursuits, and was an en-
ergetic and highly respected citizen. Jonathan S., the subject of this sketch,
came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1856, and has made this county his home
ever since. For a few years he was engaged at various branches of employ-
ment until the outbr''ak of the late rebellion. He enlisted on the 19th of
August, 1861, and was discharged from llie service on the 21st of September,
1865 ; his company became Company F, of the Eighth Indiana Regiment, and
Mr. Hiatt served with it until the close of the war, passing through the ordeal
of wor unharmed, although often in the thickest of the fray. He re-enlisled
as a veteran at Indianola, Texas, early in 1864, and came home on a furlough
of thirty days, this being the first leave of absence lie had taken since entering
Ihe service. He entered the army as a private soldier, but was promoted lo
the rank of a non-commissioned officer, and was also acting Lieutenant ; he
participated with his regiment in the battles of .Sugar Creek, Ark.; Pea Ridge,
Ark., March 6-8, 1862; Cotton Plant, Ark., July 7, 1862; Austin, Miss.,
Augast, 1862; Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1863; Champion Hills, Jliss., May
16,1863; Big Black, Miss., May 17, 1863; Vioksburg, Miss., May 18— July
4, 1863; Mustang Island, Texas, November I", 1863; Fort Esperanza, Texas,
November 27, 1863 ; Carrion Crow Bayou; Alchafalaya, La., July 28,1804;
Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864; Fisher's Hill, Va., September 22, 1864;
New Slarket, Va., September 23. 1804; Ceilar Creek, Va., October 19, 1804;
Opequan, W. Va., November 19, 1864. After the close of the war. he came to
Winchester, and resumed work at the carpenter's trade, having learned this
tr.ide in early life. He was thus engaged, at intervals, until 1878, and in the
meantime was interested as partner in a saw-mill for eighteen months. In
1878, he purchased the news-stand at the post office, and is still engaged in Ihe
management of this enterprise, conducting a very satisfactory trade in Ihe
daily papers, periodicals, books, stationery, etc. On the 8th of September,
1,S06, he was married to Miss Louisa J. Hiatt, daughter ..f Amos Hiatt. an

HISTORl OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

enrly settler nnii prominent citizen of Randolpli County. By tliis union they are
the parents of tljree cliilJren, two of whom— Cliin Alice and Mary Ethel now
survive. In politics, Mr. Hiatt in a. Republicnn, having been identified with the
AbolilionistB in former times. He is a member of the Independent (trder of
Odd Fellows, and has taj«en all the degrees of the subordinate lodge and en-
campment, and represented his lodge as a member of the Grand Lodge of Indi-

ENOS R. HIATT was born May 17, 1861, near Farmland, Randolph Co.,
Ind. His father, , Eli Hiatt, removed with his family to Missouri, where he
died in 1869, his wife remaining there until 1873, when she returned with
her family to Randolph County, locating within four miles of Farmland. The
subject of this sketch rented a portion of his grandfather's farm, which he
cultivated during the years 1875 and 1876, and in 1877, came to Winchester,
.where he was engaged at sign painting and similar employment until the
winter of 1879. At that time he began to learn the art of photography with
James Charles. In April, 1880, after three months, he purchased tho gallery
and accessories of Mr. Charles, and has ever since conducted the business snc-
cessfuUy at the old stand. He is a young man of great energy, and exhibits
good business traits in the conduct of his gallery. He is enthusiastic and
enterprising in the prosecution of his chosen work, and merits the patronage
and encouragement of the public.

GEORGE W. IRVIN.
'as born April 7, 1816, in Bedford County, Va. His
i native of Pennsylvania, but removed to Virginia when
I there eng.iged at the trade of house carpenter and
ed in Virginia, to Margaret Wysong, a native of that
oved with his family to Randolph County, Ind. He

■ 'and, from which he developed a fine fai

George W.
father, .John Ir
a young man,
painter. He v

entered a tract

died in this county, in 1874, in the ninety-seventh year of his age. George,
the subject of this sketch, was but an infant when his father located in this
county, and grew up amid the scenes of pioneer life, and shai-ed the trials
peculiar to a frontier settlement. He acquired liis primary education in the
rude winter schools of his day, and builded upon the meager knowledge thus
attained, by patient study at home, and by experience in later life. He learned

clearing and improving the home farm. At the age of twenty-four years, in
1^40, he was united in marriage with Miss Eliza Ann Quinn, in Preble County,
Ohio, and in September of the snme year, became a partner with his father in
the cultivation and profits of the home farm. In 1852, he purchased a farm in
Washington Township, upon which some slight improvements had been made,
and here he was engaged independently in the pursuit of farming until the spring
of 1872, when he retired from active labor, and located at Winchester. By energy
and industry he earned a competence, in his younger days, to sustain him in
the declining years of life. He has been a citizen of Randolph County since its
earliest pioneer days, and has borne his share of the burden and expense
attaching to the many public improvements which have been instituted in
tiie meantime, contributing liberally to all enterprises having for their object
the publio welfare of the county. In the varied fortunes of his earlier life his
trials were shared by the loving wife, who still lives to bless his later years, and
share the success attained by their mutual efforts. To Mess their wedded life
there were three children, viz.: Frances Josephine, Calvin Oscar, and Alice, all
of whom are now living. By an upright, honorable life, Mr. Irvin has won and
retained the highest regard of all with whom he has been associated, and while
not a member of any church, his life has been exemplary of the principles of
Christianity, in which he is a devout believer. His wife was born in Preble
County, Ohio, September 10. 1821, and was reared on a farm, learning by
daily experience the principles that made her a helpmate to her husband in
later life. In the community where she has so long resided, she h.as won the
affectionate regard of all who know her, by her many acts of kindness, and has
always been the friend of the poor .and distressed.

SYLVESTER 0. IRVIN was born December 26, 1827, in Randolph County,
Ind., two and a half miles southwest of Winchester. His father, John Irvin,
was one of the earliest pioneers of this county. He removed from Virginia to
Ohie in 1818, and from that Stale to Indiana in 1819, locating in Randolph
County. He purchased the northeast quarter of Section 6, in Township 19,
(White River), and afterward entered a tract of 120 acres, and for more than a
half century he resided in this county, witnessing the many changes and im-
provements that took place within that period. He dierl in 1871, aged about
ninety-seven years. Sylvester, the subject of this sketch, is one of a family of
eleven children. He was reared amid the scenes that marked the earliest pio-
neer history of this county, and has always remained one of its citizens. He
enjoyed tine educational advantages in his youth, attending the Winchester
Seminary, also the seminary at Muncie, and completed kin school life at Asbury
University, Green Castle, Ind. After leaving school, he tought two terms, then
adopted the profession of dentistry, at whioli he was engaged lor seven years,
(from 1860 to 1H.J7). Returning then to the home farm, he wa-s engaged in
agricultural pursuits until 1870. In that year he returned to Winchcaier, and
embarked in the manufacture of cigars on quite an extensive scale. Four years
later he sold out and retired from this pursuit, and afier a year spent on the
home farm, became the proprietor of the Irvin House at Winchester. He has
ever since conducted this business with marked success. He is a genial and
popular landlord, and by his excellent management, ha,s established a reputa-
tion for his house which secures him a goodly sliare of the public patronage.
Mr. Irvin has long been one of tho leading citizens of this community, and is
widely known. By a life of industry and iionorablo ilealing, he has gained the
confidence and high regard of all who know him, and is in all respects a good
citizen, and a worthy momlier of society. In politics, he is identified with the
Democratic party, and, for tlie past eight years, has occupied the position of
Secretary of the Democratic Central Committee of Randolph County. He was

married, in 1851, to Sarah J., daughter of James Quinn, a prominent farmer of
Preble County, Ohio. She has been a devoted helpmate to him in the years
that have followed, and still lives to cheer his later life, and share with him the
regard of tho community and a large circle of friends.

THOMAS KLIiNCK, Sr., was born January 23, 1822, in the Kingdom of
Wurtemberg, Germany, his native town being Enzberg, Maulbron County. He
acquired a good common school education, and, at the age of eighteen, began an
apprenticeship at the wagon-maker's trade, of which he became a master. In

1848, he emigrated to the United States, remaining in New York City but a
short time, and removing to Columbus, Ohio, in the same year. He fouml em-
ployment at his trade in that city, and, throughout the years that have followed,
he has been steadily engaged at this pursuit. He was married, at Columbus, in

1849, to Mrs. Catharine (Fay) Halz, and in 1852, came to Randolph County,
Ind., locating at Winchester. Since his ai-rival here, he has gained many friends
by his straightforward, honest ways, and bv industry and energy, has accumu-
lated a comfortable fortune. He is recognized as a good citizen in all respects,
and is honored and esteemed by all who know him. His son, Thomas Klinck.
Jr., was born in 1860, at Columbus. Ohio. He is now engaged as a clerk in the
drug store of J. C. Hirsch, at Winchester. Joseph Martin Halz, step-son of
Mr. Klinck, was born February 22, 1845, at Canal Winchester, Franklin Co.,
Ohio, and is now engaged at the wagon-maker's trade. The father and sous arc
active members of the Masonic fraternity.

JOSEPH S. KEMP, a successful merchant of Winchester, was bom July
28, 1854, in White River Township, Randolph Co., Ind. He was reared on a
farm, and received a common school education. When seventeen years of age,
he accepted the position of clerk in the dry goods house of H. D. Bowen, at
Chicago, 111., and was thus engaged for four years. He then spent a year in
the gold mines of the Black Hills, and, at the end of that time, returned to his
native county. In December, 1878, he embarked in the dry goods trade at
Winchester, and within three years afterward his busiiiCss hod increased to very
satisfactory proportions, and he was regarded one of the leading merchants of
the town. He now contemplates the removal of his stock to another locality,
where, no doubt, his industry and energy will meet with success as flattering as
that which has attended his career in this town.

RICHARD A. LEAVELL.

Richard A. Leavell, dealer in real estate, Winchester, Ind., was born in
Henry County, Ind., December 20, 1841. His father, James M. Leavel'., was
born in Virginia, but removed, when quite young, with his parents, to Kentucky.
Staying there but a short time, the family removed to Henry County, Ind.,
about the time of the organization of the county, the grandfather of the subject
of this sketch being the first Sheriff of the county. His mother, Ruth (Corwine)
Leavell, was a native of Kentucky, but removed with her parents, when quite
young, to Henry County, Ind. The parents of Richard A. removed to Randolph
County in 1848, and settled on a tract of 160 acres in the green woods just north
of where the town of Parker now stands, where the youthful days of our subject
were employed in the necessary duties of aiding in clearing the paternal
homestead, and producing a support for the family. His opportunities for ob-
taining school education were quite limited, yet being of studious turn of mind,
he made the most of his surroundings, and completed the common school course
of that day. Upon the breaking out of the rebellion, ho enlisted as a private in
Company E, Thirty-sixth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He served
with his regiment through the full term of hi.s enlistment, participating in many
of the most hard- fought battles of the war, among the first of which were tbo
battle of Shiloh and siege of Corinth, spring of 1862. In the fall of 1862, Mr.
Leavell was stricken with disease, and ptissed several months in the hospital at
Bowling Green, Ky., and at home, on furlough, before recovering. In the
spring of 1863, he rejoined his regiment, and participated in the sanguinary
campaigns of 186.3-64, the more important battles of which his regiment was
engaged in being Chickamauga, Lookout-Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Ring-
gold, Dalton and Resaoa. He was severely wounded May 27, 1864, at Dallas,
Qa , his right arm being shot through; this casuality returned him to the hos-
pital at Evansville. He never returned to his regiment until it returned homo,
not recovering suificienily, but was mustered out with it at Indianapolis Sep-
tember 21, 1864, After his discharge from the army, he engaged in farming
one year, and then attended Liber College, Jay County, Ind., one year, and the
Winchester High School six months, after which, he was engaged in the publio
schools of his county as teacher until 1872, when he was nominated by the Re-
publicans, nnd elected Clerk of Randolph Circuit Court, the responsible duties
of which office he discharged in a manner highly crediuble to himself for four
years. Since the expiration of his olBcial term, he has been engaged in the real
estate business. In 1870, October 2, he was united in marriage with Miss
Sarelda J. Lems. daughter of C. W. Lewis, of Monroe Township, a lady of most
oxccllont character, who only survived a few months, dying July 7, 1871, leav-
ing a babe only one week old to the care of the bereaved father. On the 7th of
September, 1873, he was married to Miss Mary M. Barnes, of Spartansburg, Ind.,
a ISdy of fine social qualities, who has proved, in all respects, a worthy com-
panion. They have two living children. Mr. and Mrs. Leavell are both mem-
bers of the Methodist Church, Mr. L. of the I. 0. 0. F., Knights af Honor, and
the Grand Army of the Republic. He is an active, energetic, enterprising
citizen, holding high position in the regards of his many friends and neighbors.
His oldest, and the only child by his first wife, is named MinAie S., and was
born June 30, 1871. Neal B., by his second wife, was born September 2, 1876.
Jessie M. w»b born August 6, 1878, and died April 29, 1880. John C. was
born October 6, 1882.

CHARLES L. LEWIS, ESQ.

Charles L., son of John and Elizabeth E. Lewis, was born in 1854, near tht
village of Unionsport, Randolph Co., Ind. He grew up like the average farmer
boy, attending school during the winter, and working on the home farm during

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

the remainder of the year. In 1872, when only eighteen years of age, President
Grant appointed him Vice Consul to the port of Glasgow, Scotland, in which
capacity he serred two years. Returning home at the end of that time, he
entered the law department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, where
he remained two terms. He located at Winchester in 1877, was admitted to
the bar of Randolph County, and entered at once upon the practice of his pro-
fession. In 1878, he Was elected Justice of the Peace, and serred in that
capacity four years. Since that time he has devoted his time exclusively to
practice of his profession, in which he is steadily rising. In politics his affili-
ations are with the Republican party, liud as a worker in the ranks he has
rendered effective service. He is yet young, and in the ordinary course of
events a long life lies before him in which to achieve success and win renown
in his profession. He is energetic and industrious, and by his devotion to the
practice has gained a fair start on the road to fortune, and at the same time
has grown in the estimation of all with whom he has been associated. Mr. Lewis
was married in 1878, to Miss EUeanor Allison, daughter of Ralph Allison, a
highly respected citizen of Randolph County, Ind. By this union they are
the parents of one child, named Erman Q. Lewis.

0. F. LUELLEN.

Oliver F. Luellen was born Augusts, 1841, at Rodgersville, Henry Co.,
Ind. His father, Jabesh Luellen, was a native of West Virginia, and came with
his parents to Henry County, Ind., when about nineteen years of age. He
married Mary Maoy, a native of Tennessee, and daughter of Jonathan Macy,
who was one of the pioneers of Wayne County, Ind. The father and mother
are both deceased ; the former died at Newcastle, Ind., .u 1877, and the latter
at the same place in 1880. Oliver, the subject of this sketch, is the third in a
family of six children. His early life was quiet and uneventful, being made
up chiefly of the duties of farm life. He attended school in the winter, acquir-
ing a good practical education. When he had reached the twentieth year of
his age, the sounds of civil war were heard in the land, and he was among the
first to offer his services in defense of the flag, under the call of President
Lincoln for volunteers for the three years' service. He enlisted in August,
1861, as a private in Company C, of the Thirty-sixth Indiana Regiment, and
marched with his comrades to the field. They were assigned to duty in Ken-
ucky, with the Army of the Ohio. After a service of more than two years,
Mr. Luellen was honorably discharged on account of impaired health. The hard-
ships of soldier life broke down his vigorous constitution, and disabled him, for
awhile, for duty. After resting at home for about six months, he came to Win-
chester, and enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment for one
year. Prior to the expiration of this term, however, the war closed, and he was
mustered out. During his period of service, he participateil in the battles of
Pittsburg Landing, Murfreesboro and Stone River, in addition to numerous skir-
mishes and minor engagements, and rose from the position of a private soldier
to the rank of Orderly Sergeant. While in camp at Indianapolis, he obtained
a short leave of absence, a,nd during this time was united in maVriage with Miss
Sarah L. Hudson, a native of Boston, Maasi, then residing with her parents in
RossCounty, Ohio. Tb.e weddipg took place in February, 1866, and immediately
afterwArd Mr. Liiellen ret,iarn?d to his regiment. After the close of the war,
he entered th? sefvicfi of th? ''Bee Line" Railway Company, remaining in
their employ for abput eight, years. Finally, he met wiih an accident on the
road, by which he was permapently crippled, and was forced to relire from that
position. From that time until 1880, he wa^i engaged in various pursuits, and
in the spring of that year was nominated by the Republicans for the office of
Recorder of Randolph County, a position to which he was elected in the fall of
that year. He took charge of this oflice in August, 1881, and has discharged
his duties with commendable zeal and fidelity. He is a genial, whole-souled gen-
tleman, and both in his public capacity and private life has won many friends.

GEORGE W. LONGNECKER, son of John and Magdaline (Bowman) Long-
necker, was born November 18. 1865, in Washington Township, Randolph Co.,
Ind. His parents were natives of Pennsylvania, and were married in that
State. In 1864, they removed with their family to Randolph County, Ind.,
locating in Washington Township, where (he father purchased a farm. The
land was partially cleared when he bought it, but he made numerous improve-
ments during his ownership. He died in 1868, respected by all who knew him.
His wife still survives. George W., the subject of this sketch, was reared on the
home farm, and at an early age learned to follow the plow, and perform the vari-
ous duties incident to farming. The farm was under the management of his
elder brothers, and until nineteen years of age he remained at home, assisting
them, and attending the district schools in winter. When nineteen yenrs of age,
he came to Winchester, and entered upon an apprenticeship at the tailor's trade
with R. Thornburg, finishing with Thomas Sommers, with whom he remained until
1879. In that year, he engaged in business for himself, and has continued suc-
cessfully eversince. He has devoted himself to his work with an assiduity that
has accomplished good results, and gained him popular favor as a tailor. As a
neighbor and friend he is highly esteemed, and among all who know him he is
recognized as a young man of honor and sterling integrity. He is an active
member of the Masonic fraternity and the Knights of Pythias, having taken
all the degrees of the latter order. On June 5, 1878, he was united in mar-
riage with Miss Elizabeth Lamb, an estimable young lady. They are the
parents of one son, Edward 8. Mrs. Longneoker is the daughter of Smith
Lamb, Esq., who served with an Illinois regiment during the late war, and lost
his life in defense of the Union.

GEORGE E. LEGOETT was bom January 13, 1857, at Alliance, Ohio. His
tather, Rev. John D. Leggett. was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
moving fi-om place to place with his f*mily, at the call of the Conference to
which he was pttacbed, seldom remaining more than three years at one place.
His son attended school in the various towns to which his father was assigned,
passing a large portion of his time in the State of Pennsylvania, and complet-
ing his school days at Mount Union College. Mount Union, Ohio. In 187ti, he

came to Winchester to represent his father's interest in the flouring mill of
Bates, Brothers & Co., and upon attaining his m^ority, succeeded his father in
the'firm. This relation still continues. On September 29, 1880. Mr. Leggett
was united in marriage with Miss Dora A., daughter of John Ross, Esq., of
Winchester. In the same year, he became a member of Winchester Lodge,
Knights of Pythias, and in 1881 entered the lodge and Encampment of the
Indejiendent Order of Odd Fellows at Winchester. He is a young man of fine
business qualifications, industrious and energetic, and is regarded by all who
know him as one of the substantial and reliable young men of this community.
' WILLIAM LENKESTERFER was born at the town of Steinau, Hesse-
Cassel, Germany, in 1845, and came to the United States in 1861. The voyage
W08 made in a gailing vessel, and occupied eight weeks. He remained but a
short time in New York, coming directly to Winchester, Ind., where his uncle,
John Lenkesterfer then resided. He learned the cabinet-maker's trade with
his uncle, and worked at that trade until 1863. In the meantime, he had be-
come familiar with American politics, and comprehended the merits of the
struggle then raging between the North and South, and with the love of right
BO oharaoteristic of his race, he volunteered his services in defense of the
Union. He enlisted in Company G, of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth
Indiana Regiment, in 1863, and served until the fall of 1866, when he was
honorably discharged. Returning from the army, he resumed work at his
trade, and was thus engaged until 1873. Since that time he has been engaged
as a drayman at Winchester. In the spring of 1881, he was elected Marshal
of the town of Winchester, and was afterward appointed Street Com-
missioner, in which capacity he served some time. He is an honest, indus-
trious citizen, and is esteemed by all who know him. He is a member of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in politics is a Republican. He was
married in 1869, to Miss Margaret Ludy, daughter of Henry Ludy.Esq., of
Winchester. By this union they are the parents of six childreh, all of whom
are now living.

JOHN MONKS.
John Monks was one among the early pioneers of this county, and the
father of a family whose members have borne a prominent part in its subse-
quent history. He was born in one of the great cotton manufacturing districts
of England, and at an early age learned the art of weaving. When a young
man, he came to the United States, and found employment at his trade. Early
in the year 1820, he came to Randolph County, Ind., locating one and one-half
miles south of Winchester. He had no knowledge of farming, and was ill
prepared for the labors of pioneer life, and beyond an occasional job of carding
wool for some of his neighbors, he found no work at his trade. In the tire-
some drudgery of clearing bis farm, building fences, and chopping brush,
much of the burden was borne by hia wife, who, although Irom one of the
aristocratic families of Kentucky, knew more than her husbnnd about farm
work. There was little demand for mechanics of his guild in this thinly
settled region, and his first few years in the wilderness were years of hardship,
anxiety and toil. He possessed the sturdy Euglish disposition in a market!
degree, and determined lo make the best of his surroundings. Little by little
he succeeded in clearing his farm and deriving a revenue from its products,
and little by little he enlarged its boundaries until he possessed quite a gftod

Heb<
)cing a

well-k

all his neighbor

s. He

learned, in time ma

and becamequ

ccessful firmer, altlio

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Indus

try increasing as the

affording him h

for outdoor work, t

farm to devolve

almos

entirely upon his sc

ing, and was co

unted

ne of the leading cit

i thei

iinity,
em of ..

ouniy in 1849, h
est under the soi

0 and enterpris-
unity. He died
;lil 1861. Their

33e<l awuy, none, perhaps, w
more truly mourned tluin this couple, for they won and ever retained the
kindest regards of all with whom they were associated in life. They were the
parents of seven sons, named respectively George W., Walter S., Richard T.,
John, Christopher Columbus and VVilliam, and two daughters — Margaret and
Susan. Of the sons, George W., Walter S., John and William are now
deceased.

GEORGE W. MONKS.
George Washington, eldest son of John and Matilda (Elder) Monks, was
born April '25, 1814, near Cincinnati, Ohio. He came to Randolph County, Ind..
with his parents, in 1820, and grew to manhood amid the scenes thot marked
the pioneer period of this county's history. By diligent application, assisted
by a few terms in the log schools of that period, he acquired a good English
education, which, added to a naturally fine intellect and good judgment, fitted
him for the stations which he was afterward called to occupy. While growing
up, he devoted a large share of his time to the clearing and improving of the
home farm, to spare his mother as much as possible the necessity of performing
work so far removed from her proper sphere. As his younger brothers grew
up and were able to manage and cultivate the farm, he began to look about for
the means of earning an independent livelihood. He taught school two terras
—first in a log schoolbouse on the David Wysong farm, and afterward in the
vicinity of the farm of John Robinson, now known as the Kemp farm. But he
preferred a more active avocation than school teoching, and removing to Win-
chester in 1836, found employment in the store of Michael Aker, one of the
leading merchants of early days. He developed fine business talents, and at
once began to take a leading and active part in civil and political affairs.
While acting in the capacity of clerk for Mr. Aker, and while scarcely more
than a boy in years, he was selected by the Whig party as their candidate for
Clferk of Randolph County. At the election which followed, he was elected by
a flattering majority, succeeding Charles Conway, who retired after a service of
twenty-one years (three terms). In 1846, at the expiration of his first term,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Mr. Monks was re-elected, and served until 1863. Upon the election of his
successor, he became Deputy Clerk, serving in that capacity until 1861. Mr.
Monks was an efBcient and able man in whatever capacity he acted, and in his
hands the affairs of the Clerk's ofBce were well administered. After his long
service in this capacity, he was called by his fellow-citizens to fill otlier trusts,
in the discharge of which he displayed the same conscientious fidelity. He
wiis selected by Gov. Wright to serve as one of the delegates from Indiana
to the World's Fair, held in the city of New York, and was commissioned as
such in May, 1863. In 1854, the Republican party in this county was organ-
ized by a coalition of the anti slavery Whigs and the Free-Soil party. At a
mass convention held at Winchester in that year, he was nominated by accla-
mation for Representative in the General Assembly, thus becoming the first
Republican nominee from this oounly for a legislative office. He was elcoted
in the fall, and took a prominent and active part in the session of 1854-55.
He was a very pronounced temperance man, and was identified with the tem-
perance legislition of that session, voting for the prohibitory law of 1856, by
which it was made illegal for any one but an authorized County Agent to sell
liquor, the intent of the law being that none should be sold, except for medi-
cal purposes. He served bat one term in the Legislature, but his entire ca-
reer in this capacity was marked by the greatest fidelity to the trust reposed
in him, and the most unwavering devotion to the best interests of the public
and his constituency. He had studied law, and after his admission to the bar
associated himself in the practice with Carey S. Goodrich, which relation con-
tinued for a short time. He afterward entered into partnership with Judge
James Brown, with whom he continued to practice until his decease. Perhaps
no man among all the citizens of early days was more widely known, and cer-
tainly none were ever more universally respected and honored. He was one
in whose integrity and honor the utmosi confidence was reposed by every one
who knew him, and he never betrayed a trust, however insignificant it might
be. So marked was the confidence reposed in him that people from all parts
of the county came to him with mopey for which they had no immediate use,
placing it in his hands for safe-keeplfag, and taking no security whatever. He
was a public-spirited, whole-souled man, and ever wide-awake to the interests
of the public. He was identified with most of the public improvements insti-
tuted during his life, and contributed generously of his means to all enterprises
having in view the ultimate benefit of the county, such as railro.ids, turnpikes,
etc. He was particularly the friend of public education. He was called the
best mathematician in the county, and was proficient in all the branches that
go to make up a good education. But his knowledge was acquired under the
most trying disadvantages, and he was unceasing in his efforts to encourage
and build up educational facilities within the reach of all. He was industri-
ous and energetic, and while he enjoyed a considerable income, he never pos-
sessed the disposition to hoard his earnings, and acquired only a moderate
amount of property. He was unselfish in his use of money, spending it in
many ways where it would lighten the burden of a fcUow-mortal less fortunate
than himself, and always happiest when he was able to afford relief and pleas-
ure to others. This seemed to be his idea of the use of money, and having
provided well for his family, he had no inclination to amiss a fortune. His first
re.sidence in Winchester still stands at the east end of North street, where lie lived
for a number of years, his residence property extending as far north as the
'■ Bee Line" rallro4d, and as far south as the present re.sidence of Col. M. B.
Miller. In 1849, he sold this residence and purchased the land upon which
Gen. A. Stone now lives. The tract contained about fifty acres, apartof whicli
he divided into lots, and laid out as the South Addition to the town of Win-
chcslef . He left the impress of his identity iipoil the moral, educational and
material interests of this county, and was in all respects one of its foremost
and best citizens. In 1843, he joined the Methodist Episcopal Church under
the ministrations of Rev. John H. Hull, and in all his after life waa a consist-
ent Christian. His house, which was ever open to the wayfarer in need of hos-
pitality, was especially the home of the itinerant minister, who found there
royal entertainment and a hearty welcome. In 1845, he united with the Ma-
sonic fraternity at Winchester, progressing as far as the Royal Arch degree.
He was active in his fraternal relations, and was a valued member of the lodge.
Ho took an active interest in the development of the agricultural resources of
the county, and was one of the leaders in the organization of its first agriouli-
ural society. He served as Treasurer of that society from 18.^2 to 1867, and
was a member of the State Board of Agriculture for a number of years. Mr.
Monks was twice married. First on the HHh of November, 1837, to Miss Be-
linda Hulitt. By this union they were the parents of two sons, one of whom
died in infancy. Charles, the surviving son, still lives in this county. In later
years, he was called to mourn the death of the wife of his early manhood, and
on the 18th of August, 1842, was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Irvin,
daughter of Robert Irvin, an early settler and prominent citizen of Randolph
County. This second union v^as blessed by seven children, named respectively
Leander J., Mary E., George W., J. Irvin, Viola, Minerva B. and Segel. On
the ISth of September, 18fi4, Death again invaded his household, claiming the
wife for his victim. Subsequently, the father purchased land in Minnesota,
with the intention of locating in that State with his family. He made a pre-
paratory visit and came back to Winchester with the purpose of removing his
family to the new home in the summer of 1865, but before his plans could be
consummated he fell ill, and on the 4th of April, 1806, his active life closed in
death , and his remains were laid to rest beneath the soil of the county of which
lie was BO prominently a part. He was universally mourned when his death
was made known, for his fellow-citizens knew that a good man was gone — one
whose place it would be hard to fill. His memory is fresh in the hearts of all
who knew him, though his form shall greet them no more.

C. C. MONKS.
Christopher Columbus, son of John Monks, was born April 10, 1827, in

gaged in the performance of farm work, at his father's farm in this county, ac-
quiring, in the meantime, a good common school education. In 1843, he be-
came an apprentice at the cabinet-maker's trade, and for the next ten years
was engttf^ed at that occupation. Subsequently, he worked five years at the
carpenter's trade, alter which he embarked in mercantile pursuits. He was en-
gaged in the dry goods trade one year, and in the grocery trade one year, con-
ducting a very satisfactory and profitable business. After retiring from mer-
cantile life, he resumed work at the carpenter's trade, at which he was engaged
for two years. In 1869, he opened a meat market at Winchester, and has ever
since continued in this line of employment. He has always attended closely to
his business, and by good management hiis succeedeil in accumulating a very
comfortable estate. He is industrious and energetic, and enters enthusiastically
into the spirit of any work at which he is engaged. He has been blessed with
remarkable health, having never lost a day from his work on account of phys-
ical disability. He is respected and esteemed as an honorable, upright citizen,
and enjoys the confidence of the community. He is a member of the Odd Fel-
lows fraternity at Winchester, and in politics is identified with the Republican
party. He was married, in 1853, to Miss Frances E. Batchfield. By this union
they are the parents of five children, three of whom are now living — Minnie,
Lizzie and Eddie.

HON. DANIEL B. MILLER.
Daniel B. Miller was born in Litchfield County, Conn., November 29,
1797, and emigrated to Cinoinnati, Ohio, in 1819, and in 1822, came to Jack-
son Township, Randolph Co., Ind., where he was engaged in the pioneer work
of clearing out a farm ond establishing a home. He was industrious, frugal
and successful in the management of his affairs. He removed to Ward Town-
ship in 1830, where he remained until 1870, when he located in Winchester.
He was a man who always commanded the highest respect of those with whom
he was associated, and in all his dealings with his fellow-men maintained a
high character for honor and fairness. He was prominent in all enterprises
designed to promote the public welfare, contributing from his own means and
using his influence to secure the co-operation of others. He was a member of
the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his daily life was consistent with his re-
ligious professions. He never intentionally did anything that would result in
the injury of a neighbor, and was above taking an unfair advantage in a trade.
He occupied a prominent position in society, and was considered one of the
leading citizens of the county with which he was so long identified. He was
elected Justice of the Peace in 182T, and served until 1831. From 1837 to 1844
he was Associate Judge of the Circuit Court. He nevev had any political am-
bition, and never sought office, his election in both cases being the choice of the
people without his solicitation. He was a faithful officer, and was qualified for
higher trusts had he the inclination to accept them. In his political affiliations,
he was a Democrat, zealous in his attachments to the principles of his party)
and enthusiastic in his advocftcy of them. He died March 21, 1881, in the
eighty-fourth year of his age, sincerely ihourried by all who knew him, leaving
to his family a goodly estate and an honored name. He was married four
times, and was three times bereaved by deatli of the coinpanionship of a de-
voted wife. His first wife was Sarah Cravehs, to whom he was married ih
1823. His second wife was Dorotha Crilvens i His third Nahcy A. Boots, and
bis fourth, Sarah Croyle. He was the father of elevfen children, nine of whom
grew to maturity and were married, four of whom are now living— Martin B.
Miller, Sakh E. Warren, Julia E. Clevenger and Lumau H. Aliller. They all live
in Randolph County except Luman, who is a resident of Grant County, Ind.

Nanoy a. Boots, the third wife of Daniel B. Miller, was born in Rosa
County, Ohio, in 1800, removed to Indiana in 1818, and was married to Judge
Miller in 1832. She was the mother of seven children, six of whom grew to
maturity. She died December 17, 1872, after a very brief illness, having lived
a happy married life of over forty years. She was a member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and a lady of the highest personal character, discharging
well the sacred duties of wife and mother, and in death mourned by a large
circle of friends.

MARTIN B. MILLER.
Martin B., son of Daniel B. and Nancy A. (Boots) Miller, was born in
Ward Township, Randolph Co., Ind., March 16, 1833. His early years were
spent in the ordinary routine of farm life, with only the district school of that
day as a means of obtaining an education. After he was of age, he determined
to strive for a more liberal culture. He attended White Water College at Cen-
treville, Ind., during several sessions of 1853-54 and '55, paying his way in
part by such services as he could render in the care of the college building.
He afterward attended a part of two terms at Asbury University, in 1860. He
taught during the winter of 1867, and in the autumn of that year entered
Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio. In February, 1868, he began the study of
law with Judge James Brown, of Winchester, where he remained until
the following autumn when he went to Missouri. Reaching the end of
tlie railroad at Tipton, in that State, he walked one hundred miles to
Browning's Ferry, where he remained the following winter, teaching four
months. In the autumn of the following year, he returned to Winchester and
engaged for a year in the practice of law with Judge Jero Smith. In the
winter of 18111-62, he attended the law department of Butler University, grad-
uating at the close of the school year. In the summer following, he enlisted in
the United States service, was commissioned as Lieutenant and recruited Com-
pany E, of tlie Eighty-fourth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, upon the
mustering in of which he was made Captain, which position he filled for twenty-
eight months. In January, 186^1, he was commissioned Major, and soon after
promoted to Lieutenant Colonel of his regiment, ond for good conduct brevetted
Colonel. He was mustered out of the service June 14, 1805. He with his
command participateil in many of the most arduous and dangerous campaigns
of the war through Kentucky, West Virginia, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia,
being engaged in the battles of Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Buzzard Roost,

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Rooky Face, Dallas, Resacs, Pino Monntain, Altoona, Gulp's Farm, Peach Treo
Creek, Konesaw, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy, Merrel's Mills, Franklin, Nash-
ville, besides many others of lesser note. Through all these conflicts he passed
unhurt. The only time he was ever struck was at Chiokaraauga, where a part
of his moustache was out off by a bullet. After his discharge from the service,
he engaged in the practice of law in Winchester with Leander J. Monks as a
partner, under the firm name of Miller & Monks, which continued until 1871.
In June, 1872, he purchased an Interest in the flouring mills at Winchester,
but sold again the following winter. He then purchased an interest in a manu-
facturing business at Decatur, Ind., where he continued until 1876, when he
resumed the practice of his profession in Winchester. He was two years alone ;
then for a time in partnership with Alexander GuUett, and at the present with
Hon. John Enon Neff, under the firm name of Miller k Neff. Col. Miller is
Democratic in politics, firm and consistent in his advocacy of his party princi-
ples. He has never sought office, but in 1808 ran for Prosecutor in the Thir-
teenth Judicial District, composed of the counties of Randolph, Jay, Blackford
and Wayne, beating his Republican competitor in all except Wayne County,
which, of course, "snowed him under." In 1880, Col. Miller led the hopeless
but gallant campaign in the Sixth Congressional District against Gen. Thomas
M. Browne, and while defeated, he carried his ftill party vote. Col. Miller is a
member of the I. 0. O. F., in which excellent institution he takes high rank.
He is not a member of any church, but is liberal toward all theological opinions.
On February 4, 1864, he was married to Miss 8arah J. Aker, daughter of
Andrew Aker, of Winchester. Mrs. Col. Miller is o member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, a lady of excellent sooiol character, and has proved herself
a worthy companion in all respecta. They are the parents of three children,
only one of whom survive. They have an exceedingly elegant home, are sur-
rounded by all the comforts and many of the luxuries of life, and enjoy the
prospect of a highly desirable future.

JAMES MOORMAN. The subject of this sketch is the youngest son of
Thomas and Susannah (Crew) Moorman. His parents both emigrated from the
James River country, in Virginia, to Richmond County, N. C, prior to the Rev-
olutionary war, and grew to maturity and were married in the latter county.
There were born to them five sons and two daughters, Tarleton Moorman, for-
merly of Randolph County, being the eldest. James, the youngest son, was liorn
near Rockingham, Richmond Co., N. C, on the east side of the Big I'ecdee
River, on the 26th day of June, 1795. His father died on the 27tli day of the
eleventh month, 1801, and the subject of this sketch, from the time he was six
years of age, was reared without the care ond protection of a father. In 1822,
the motlier emigrated with her family from North Carolina to Wayne County,
Ind., where Thomas, a brother, had located at an oariier dale. They located
at what is known ae Kenworthy's mill, on Green's Fork, in Wayne County,
Ind., where the mother died on the fifth dny of the tentli month, 18-36. While
living in Wayne County, he was known to have been, perhaps, the first to in-
troduce fine cattle into that county. James Moorman is, perhaps, as widely-
known OS any resident of the county. Personally, he is a man of about six feet
in stature, and stands erect, with a liigh, broad foreliead, large brain in front,
with a well-balanced head of the finest type. He has a pleasant, open coun-
tenance, and though not talkative, he has a pleasant word for all, and is famil-
iarly called by everybody Uncle .Jimmy. He generally keeps his own counsel,
and seldom asks advice ; and what lie docs he does quietly, and is willing to
risk his judgment on all matters of importance. He inherited little wciilth
from his parents — not over $100 or $200, perhaps, but he inherited what was
far better, a strong, athletic fi-ame, a hardy, robust constitution, temperate
habits, with an economical disposition, exacting all that was his dues, and al-
ways giving the same, with a willingness to labor at anything honorable. In
true pioneer style, he took his ax and went into the forest and cleared % farm.
When he had accumulated a few dollars, he did not cease to labor, and spend
his money in pleasure or high living, but loaned it out safely at interest, and
labnred on for more ; and thus day by day he added to his store, until, in 1860,
he was known as one of the wealthiest men in Eastern Indiana. In that year,
he located at Winchester and stortcd what was known as the Winchester
Bank. Since that time, by careful and judicious investments, and a constant
personal attention to his business, his prosperity h.is been such that Ids wealth
has more than doubled. His motto as a financier has always been : Pay as
you go, and make each day more than you spend. He was never of % specula-
tive turn of mind, and never attempted to make money by speculation, prefer-
ring the slower and surer way to success, and by his good judgment he met
with but few losses in his investments. He is a man of sound judgment and
great will-power, and when his mind is made up, his decision is final. His
" Little rather not" is understood by those who know liim to be a very em-
phatic No 1 While he has not been extravagant in his liberality, he seldom
turns his back upon a good cause, and has contributed olieerfuUy to all moral
and religions enterprises that have sought publio encouragement, and no doubt
before his life closes he will employ at least a portion of bis great wealth in
such a manner as will bless mankind, tn his religious relations, he is a friend
of the orthodox branch, having had a birth-right in the church. In his later
years, he has taken great interest in the church at Winchester, and has been
very faithful in his attendance, being seldom absent from his seat. Politically,
he is a Republican, and has been identified with this party over since its or-
ganization. Prior to that, he was anti-slavery iu his political sentiments, as
were all the Friends in this county at that time. Though hia church was op
posed to the war, he look a lively interest in the results of the conflict, the
freedom and enfranchisement of the slaves ; and no one paid his incouie-tax
more cheerfully than he. He still has in his heart a warm place for the sol-
diers who periled their lives in the cause of freedom and the defense of the
Union. He is now eighty-seven years of age, and, though growing feeble, he
still retains the free and full use of all his fine mental faculties, and with bis
temperate and regular habits may live to see an extreme old age. He has re-
tired firomthe drudgery of active business life, and has placed the affairs of his
bank largely in the hands of Capt. Joseph R. Jackson, of Union City, who, with

his excellent business ability, has taken the burden from his shoulders to a
great extent, while he awaits, quietly and patiently, the end of a long and suc-
cessful business life. His career demonstrates the possibilities attainable by
industry and determination, and illustrates the fact that the sure road to
wealth is through honest toil and fruj^ality.

JOHN W. MACY.
John W. Macy was born in 1843, in Henry County, Ind., and removed to
Randolph County, Ind., with his father, David Macy, in 1854. The family lo-
cated at Farmland, in this county, where they still reside. Mr. Macy was
reared a farmer, and the principal part of liis time in boyhood was employed on
his father's farm, in Henry County. In the winter, he attended school near
his home, acquiring a good English education. In August, 1862, when less
than nineteen years of age, he enlisted in Company A, of the Eighty-fourth
Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and entered the field in defense of the nation's
honor. At the battle of Chickamauga, he was wounded in the thigh, and dur-
ing the next two months he was absent from hia regiment in consequence of
this injury. During a portion of this time, he was at home, obtaining recruits
for the service ; he then returned to his regiment, and served until the close of
the war, when he was mustered out. In youth, he had learned the wagon-
maker's trade, and after his return from the army he engaged in this pursuit,
continuing until 1867 ; he was then appointed Deputy Auditor by William E.
Murray, who was, at that time, Auditor of Randolph County, and served in
this capacity two years. He was Deputy Clerk under John B. Goodrich, and
afterward under Taylor Semans, for a period of two and a half years, and at
the close of this service went to Kentucky, where he was actively engaged in
various branches of business for fouryears. H.eiurning to Farmland at the end
of that time, he embarked in the stove and tinware trade, and while thus en-
gaged he was nominated by the Republicans, in 1877, for the office of Clerk of
Randolph County, and elected in the fall of the same year. He left the shop
at Farmland one day and assumed the duties of the office the next. Through-
out a period of four years, he discharged the many duties of this office with a
fidelity that was highly creditable to himself, and satisfactory to the people of
the county. He re-arranged the office, and spent all his leisure lime in group-
ing, boxing and numbering the thousands of packages of documents that had
acoumuluted in the office for years, thus rendering comparatively easy a search
for any document desired. While serving as clerk, Mr. Macy was chosen
Chairman of the Republican Central Committee of Randolph County, and in ad-
dition to his oflScial labors, discharged the many duties of that position with
equal fidelity ; his faithlulness in this line, and its important results, elicited
the warmest expressions of satisfaction and gratitude f|-om his Republican
friends. An important campaign had just been conducted to n successful ter-
mination in this county, and the Republicans assembled in large numbers at
the court house to express their appreciation of the services of Iheir chairman,
His utter ignorance of the form this expression would take, was manifested by
his complete surprise, when, in a neat little speech, the spokesman of the party
presented him with a handsome and valuable silver service, which will long be
to him a treasured token and a happy reminder ; he retired from his official
position In November, 1881, and since that time has been successfully engaged
in the practice of law, in connection with the real estate and insurance busi-
ness; he is also associated with .Messrs. John E. Neff and E. S. Kelley, as a
partner in the handle factory at Winchester. As a business man, Mr. Macy
possesses marked talent, and in every position he has occupied, he has per-
formed his duties with distinguished ability; he is a valued member of so-
ciety, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of all who know him. On the 25ih
of December, 1871, Mr. Macy was united in marriage with Miss Sarah, daugh-
ter of Edward Edger, Esq., a prominent and highly respected citizen of Win-
chester. By this union ttiey are the parents of three children, named respect-
ively, Ralph E., Shields S. and Kate B. Macy.

CAPT. ALBERT 0. MARSH.
Albert 0. Marsh was born September 16, 1840, at Windsor, Ashtabula Co.,
Ohio. He attended Hiram College, and recited his lessons to the illustrious
statesman and martyr President of the United States, James A. Garfield, at a
time when the latter was only a teacher in the institution which is now cele-
brated by his connection with it. At the age of eighteen years, Mr. Marsh on-
gaged in the vocation of school teaching, which he followed successfully until
the outbreak of the late rebellion called for patriotic sacrifices from young men
in defense of the flag and the maintenance of national unity. He was among
the first to respond, enlisting, in 1861. in the Fifteenth Ohio Regiment for the
three months' service. At the expiration of that term, he returned to his home,
and, in the fall of 1861, was married to Miss Sarah M. Qalleher; he taught
school during the succeeding winter, and, in the summer of 1862, enlisted in
the Forty-sixth Ohio Regiment for three years, as a membor of Ompany A.
In June, 1803, he was detailed to organize a colored regiment in Tennessee,
first known as the Second Regiment of Tennessee Infantry, but afterward as iho
Fifty-ninth United States Olored Infantry. He was commissioned Captain of
a company in that regiment in June, 1863. For a time, he acted as Aid-de-
Camp under Gen. Buokland, at Memphis, having charge of posts and defenses
at that place. He was afterward made Assistant Inspector General on the staff
of Gen. A. L. Chetlain, holding that position until the lost of July, 1865. At
that time, after resigning his commisjion as Captain, he was appointed by Gen.
John 3. Smith, as Superintendent of the Military Detectives, Secret Service
Corps, with headquarters at Memphis. In February, 1806, this corps was dis-
banded, and he resumed civil life ; having read law prior to the war, he deter-
mined upon the adoption of the legal profession. After spending a few months
in Ohio, recruiting his health, he located at Seymour, Ind., and entered upon
the practice of his chosen profession, and from 1868 to 1872, wag the agent and
1 attorney of several insurance companies. In 1872, he came to Winchester,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Ind., where he has since continued to reside, rising steadily in his profession.
Since his arrival here, he has, at various times, been associated with several
gentlemen in the practice. The firm of Watts & Marsh was formed in 1873,
continuing one jear ; from 1874 to 1879, he was associated with A. GuUett,
Esq., under tlie firm name of Marsh & Gullett, and from 187!) to the present
time (1882) with Mr. W. A. Thompson, under the firm name of Thompson &
M:ush. In 1876, Mr. Marsh was elected Prosecuting Attorney for the Twenty-
fifih .Judicial Circuit, a position which he filled with distinguished ability for two
years. In 1878, during hia incumbency of this office, he was nominated by the
Itcpublicans of this district, to represent them in the General Assembly of In-
diana. Some doubt being expressed as to his eligibility to this office, in view of
the fact that he then held a judicial position, he withdrew from the ticiiet, and
Hon. E. L. Watson was substituted and elected. His personal popularity would
undoubtedly have resulted in a large majority and a.triumphant election, had
liis eligibility not been questioned. In 1880, he was felected to the State Senate
on a contingmcy, which, however, did not arise. In the practice of his profes-
sion, he has met with well-merited success, and by his devotion to the

tice, has established himself in the public confidence, and possesses the
esteem and good will of good people of all parties. In the campaign of
1880, he toolt an active part, and did some eff-ectual work for the Republi-
can cause, his addresses being distinguished by strength and solidity, logic
and sound sense, carrying conviction to many who were wavering and unde-
cided in their political faith. In social and private life, Capt. Marsh isesteemed
for his manly qualities and gentlemanly bearing, and, with his estimable wife,
shares the hearty esteem of a large circle of friends. He became a member of
the Masonic fraternity at Seymour, Ind., and has taken all the degrees of the
order, up to that of the Royal Arch. He has served as Worshipful Master of
the lodge at Winchester for si.x years, his brethren having called him to con-
tinue service in that capacity at the expiration of each term.

CHARLES E. MAGEE was born March 6, 184G, at Dresden, Muskingum
Co., Ohio. He removed to Zanesville, when five years old, remaining there
for twelve years. At the age of seventeen years, he came to Winchester, lad.,
and learned the tinner's trade, at which he has ever since been engaged. In
May, 1804, he enlisted in Company F, of the One Hundred and Thirty-fourth
Indiana Regiment, for a term of 100 days ; and in March, 18G5, enlisted in
Company A, of the Eleventh Indiana Regiment, serving five months. In 1866,
he opened a tin-shop on the west side of the public square, beginning on a
small scale and working his way carefully along until his trade justified him
in enlarging his stock. In 1868, he removed to his present location, on the
north siile of the public square, and engaged in the sale of stoves, at the same
time conducting quite an extensive trade in the manufacture of tin-ware,
spouts, roofing, etc. Gradu.ally his business increased so that he found it
necessary to employ mechanics to assist him, and is now, perhaps, the most
extensive operator in his line, in Winchester. He is a thoroughgoing business
man, and by his energy and perseverance has fairly solved the problem of suc-
cess. He has depended upon himself from early childhood, and has thus
acquired a large degree of self-reliance, which has been of great benefit to him
in his struggle with the world. No one ever advanced him a dollar, or oifered
him any substantial encouragement, and for whatever success he has achieved,
he is indebted to his pluck and industry alone. He was married on the 0th of
October, 1868, to Miss Sarali E., daughter of Joseph Edger, Ssq., of this coun-
ty. By this union, they are the parents of one son — Harry E. In the social
circle tliey are highly esteemed, and by all who know them, are regarded as
estimable and worthy citizens. Mr. Magee is identified with the Odd Fellows
fraternity, and in his political affiliations is an ardent Republican.

BENJAMIN F. MARSH was born October 1.5, 1853, near Greenfield, Han-
cock Co., Ind. His father, William Marsh, removed to that county, with his
parents, at an early age, and was reared there, marrying Martha A. Chappie.
He died when the subject of tliis sketch was but a child, and when the latter
was fifteen years of age, his mother died. He was thus left largely upon his
own resources, and though but a boy, began the battle of life alone. He came
to Winchester and attended school for a year. By the year 1874, he had earned
and saved enough money to pay liis way at college, and accordingly entered
the University of Michignn at Ann Arbor, with the view of taking a full liter-
nry course. Owing to failing health, however, he was compelled to abandon
tliis plan, and returned to Winchester. He took up the vocation of school
leaching, and for one term taught a country school. For the next four years
he had charge of the graded schools at Lynn, in this county ; and during his
incumbency of this position, as well as at a later date, he assisted in conduct-
ing the Summer Normal School at Winchester, with marked success, and in a
manner to cause very beneficial results throughout the county. In 1880 and
1K81, he iiad charge of the South Ward School at Winchester, and in his capaci-
ty as Principal, gave the most pronounced satisfaction to the public, and
conducted an excellent school. During all this time, he had been devoting his
leisure hours to the study of the law, and on the 30th of April, 1881, was ad-
milted to the bar. He formed partnership relations with S. A. Canada, and
has ever since been engaged in the practice of his chosen profession. In April,
1882, he was elected Justice of the Peace by a flattering majority, and is now
discharging the duties of his office. He is a young man of energy and indus-
trious habits, and we join with his friends in the wish that lie may achieve
success in the profession he has chosen. He is a member of the Winchester
Lodce, Knights of Pythias, and in politics an enthusiastic Republican.

JOHN K. MARTIN, son of Elisha Martin, Sr., was born February 7,
1837, in Randolph County, Ind. His early life was passed on the home fann,
the daily routine of duty being varied by occasional work in his father's brick-
yard. He received a common-school education, and, as he grew to manhood,
adopted the manufacture of brick as his chosen vocation. In August, 1862,
he enlisted in Company C, Sixty-ninth Indiana Vounteer Infantry, and was
immediately commissioned First Lieutenant of his company. Shortly after
being sent to the field, his regiment participated in the battle of Richmond,

Ky., and was captured by the rebels. In this engagement, Lieutenant Mar-
tin was wounded in the right thigh by a minie ball. He was paroled with his
regiment, and remained four weeks in the vicinity of the battle-ground, recov-
ering to some extent from the effects of his injury. He was still too ill for
duty, however, and with six comrades who had been wounded in the same en-
gagement, started northward in a wagon, making a journey of 140 miles to
the Ohio River. At Maysville, Ky., he embarked on a steamboat for Cincin-
nati, finally arriving at home, where he spent some time recovering his
strength. At the October election of that year, he was too ill to walk to the
polls, and was conveyed thither in a carriage ; but in the following December
he rejoined his regiment at Indianapolis. At 'Memphis, he received another
injury, but proceeded with his regiment to Vicksburg. He resigned his com-
mission on the 13lh of January, 1863, and returned to his home. Shortly
afterward, he was appointed United States Marshal for Randolph County.
There was much unpleasant duty in connection with this office, but he never
shrank from its performance, and was faithful to his trust. He also served as
Marshal of the town of Winchester and as Justice of the Peace. After his
return from the army, he resumed the manufacture of brick, in which he is
still engaged, having built up a very satisfactory and extensive trade. He
manufactured the brick for many of the principal buildings at Winchester,
.among them being the court house and jail, the residence of Gen. A. Stone,
the "Jack Ross House," and other public and private buildings throughout
the county. He is energetic and enterprising in his business, adopting and
testing various improved methods of manufacture, and is now using a machine
capable of manufacturing from seven thousanu to ten thousand brick per day.
In 186li, he made what is believed to have been the first drain-tile ever manu-
factured in the State of Indiana. He saw half of a piece of tile that had been
brought from England, and at once made a mold, in which he made 200 rods
of tiling, burning it in a brick kiln. He may be fairly considered the pioneer
tile manufacturer of this county, and has kept pace with all the improvements
in that art. His father and George W. Monks purchased a little tile machine
about 1858, which was operated by hand, and John K. Martin used it for
about two years. Subsequently, he purchased a Latourette horse-power
machine, and afterward purchased improved machinery as it was placed in the
market. He still has an interest in a tile factory, though not directly engaged
in the manufacture. Mr. Martin has grown up in this community, and is
widely known and highly respected. He is warm-hearted and charitable, and
the friend of progress and improvement. In pofitics, he is a Republican, and
a cordial and enthusiastic supporter of the principles of that party. He is an
active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the Knights
of Honor. In the former order, he has passed tl-e degrees of the subordinate
lodge, and is a member of the Encampment. He served ten years as Treas-
urer of the Odd Fellows society at Winchester, handling and disbursing large
sums of money. He was married in 1858 to Miss Ann Eliza Quinn, daughter
of Morrison Quinn, who now resides in Carroll County, Ind. Five children
were the fruits of this union, all of whom now survive. Early in life, Mr.
Martin developed a great fondness for poetry, and, in later years, composed
several poems which have about them the stamp of true genius, and bear the
evidences of a renne<l nature.

ELISHA MARTIN was born in Randolph County, Ind., in 184C, and all
his life, with the exoption of a brief period, has been passed within the limits
of this county. He attended the schools of early days, and by diligent and
faithful study acquired a good practical education. His father was a farmer,
and the son remained at home until twenty-six years of age, assisting him in
the management and cultivation of the farm. When twenty-six years of age,
he went to Union City, where, in partnership with his brother Oliver, he was
engaged for about a year in the manufacture of brick. During the next year,
he followed the same line of employment at various places, manufacturing
about 600,000 brick that season, of which 400,000 were used in the construc-
tion of a schoolhouse at Camden, Jay Co., Ind., and 200,000 by Philip Shirling,
four miles northeast of Winchester. For the next two years, he was engaged
in the manufacture of drain-tile, then resumed the manufacture of brick, locat-
ing at Farmland. Returning to Winchester, he again engaged in the manu-
facture of tile, and was subsequently engaged in agricultural pursuits for three
years ; he was afterward engaged alternately in the manufacture of brick and
tile, and in the year last named, opened a restaurant on Main street, near the
" Bee Line " depot. He is an energetic and industrious man, and is recognized
by all who know him as a worthy and reliable citizen. His political affiliations

■" ■' Republican party, but he is not active in political 1

the party.

roper I

Is influe

3 of

RALPH V. MURRAY.

Ralph V. Murray was born December 4, 1841, in Henry County, Ind. He
was reared on a farm, and acijuired a good common school education in boy-
hood. When only twenty years of age, he left home and friends to do his part in
preserving the national integrity as a soldier in the Union army. He enlisted
in August, 1861, in Company D, of the Thirty-sixth Indiana Infantry, serving
three years. He participated in nil the battles in which his regiment was engaged,
until the second day of thefightatChickainauga. On that day he received a severe
gun-shot wound in the left elbow, in consequence of which he was confined to
the hospital for nine months. Rejoining his regiment at the end of that time,
he remained in the service until the expiration of his term of enlistment, and
was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., in September, 1864. After the close of
the war, he came to Randolph County, Ind., and for a while was engaged in
photographing, at Farmland. Subsequently, however, he went to reside with
his father, in Nettle Creek Township, the latter having removed to Randolph
County during the war. After the close of the war, and until the fall of 1880,
he wivs engaged chiefly in agricultural pursuits. In the spring of that year, he
became the nominee of the Republican party for the office of Sheriff of Ran-
dolph County, and in the fall of that year was elected by an overwhelming

WHITE EIVER TOWNSHIP.

m^ority. He assume^ the duties of his new position in 1881, and during his
inoumbeno; h»s proved himself a faithful and efficient officer, performing his
duties In a manner to reflect credit upon himself and afford satisfaction to the
public. In March, 1866, Mr. Murray was united in marriage with Miss
Frances J., daughter of Key. 0. P. Boyden. By this union they are the par-
ents of five children, all of whom are now living to bless and cheer their home.
By his faithful service in the army, and his upright, honorable life at home,
Mr. Murray has gained many friends, among whom he is held in the highest
esteem. He was one of the charter members of Nelson Trussler Post, O. A.
R., and is an active member of that organization.

MOSES A. MILLS was bom November 15, 1861, in Wayne County, Ind.
His father, John B. Mills, was also a native of that county, and was married
there to Jane Loclce. He came to Randolph County, with his family, in 1867, and
located on a farm in West River Township, where he still resides. Moses, the
subject of this sketch, was reared on the home farm, attending school in the win-
ter and assisting in the work of the farm during the remainder of the year. At
the age of fifteen yean, he went to learn the blaolcsmith's trade, at which he is
now engaged in Winchester. He was married, in March , 1870, to Miss Sarah
Huston, daughter of David M. Huston, an eariy settler of White River Town-
ship. By this union they are the parents of three children, vii., Orla A.,
Bertha A. and Inei P. Mr. Mills is an honest, industrious man, and enjoys
the respect of the community in which he resides.

JOHN NEFF, late of Winchester, was bom near Harrisburg, Penn., In the
year 1770. While a boy, he learned and was employed at the carpenter's trade.
When he grew up to manhood, he removed to Virginia, where he was united in
marriage to Miss Susannah Gray. Having conceived very strong anti-slavery
lentiments, he decided to quit the Old Dominion and try his fortune in the free
but then little-known West, and accordingly, in 1806, removed to Cincinnati,
Ohio. A few months subsequent, ho entered 160 acres of land near the present
city of Eaton, Ohio, to which he removed his family. Not having any house,
he split some boards and covered his goods, to shelter them from the weather,
until be could erect a cabin. He had no neighbors within easy reach, and was
really one of the pioneers of that region. He cleared and brought under culti-
vation quite a handsome farm, and remained upon it until 1833, when he re-
moved with his family to Randolph County, Ind., buying first the John Eltz-
roth fkrm, adjoining on the north the farm now used for asylum purposes, and
afterward 100 acres a(^joining Winchester, at which latter place he died in
1855, at the advanced age of eighty-five years, his wife having preceded him in
1852, at the age of seventy-aii. Mr. and Mrs. Neff were the parents of eleven
children, five boys and six girls, and when the youngest (Col. H. H. Neff), was
forty years old, the ftimlly circle was yet unbroken by death. Six of the eleven
children yet survive, in the enjoyment of reasonable good health. Mr. Neff
voted for Washington in 1793, for Jefferson, Madison, .Monroe, J. Q. Adams,
Henry Clay, etc., and was a prominent Whig during all the latter part of his life.
In religious persuasion, he was a Presbyterian. He never held an office, though
active in political matters. He was a Captain in the militia, though never in
active service. By industry, he aooumulated a comfortable fortune for that day,
and always occupied a high position in the estimation of his neighbors and
friends. Five of six surviving children live In Winchester, and have always
been among her most valued citizens.

John Neff, WinchesUr, Ind., son of John Neff, 8r., was born in Preble
County, Ohio, March 4, 1818, the day of the second inauguration of President
Madison. His opportunities for obtaining school education were very limited,
having to walk three miles to attend the brief terms of that early day. He
learned to read in the spelling book and Testament. At the age of seventeen,
he began to learn printing at Eaton, Ohio; one year after, he worked at Center-
ville, Ind., and subsequently, was engaged at the same business at Liberty,
Ind. He then returned to Eaton, Ohio, where he engaged as salesman in a
general supply store for three years^ In 1837, he married Miss Harriet N.
Holmes, a native of Pennsylvania, a lady of most excellent character, who is, in
every way, a worthy companion. They are the parents of four children, two
of whom are living. In 1«89, Mr. Neff removed to Winchester, and was engaged

isfaotory manner one term. Shortly after the expiration of his officia
was commissioned Captain in the volunteer service in the war with Mexico.
Capt. Neff was stationed at St. Louis, Mo., and engaged In forwarding supplies
and attending as one of the executive officers to the support of the army in the
field, in which capacity he performed valuable service. After the close of the
Mexican war, he was honorably discharged and returned to Winchester, whore
he was again engaged in the grocery business for three years ; he then engaged
in the grain trade, a pursuit in which he has continued for over thirty years.
Throngh his long and honorable career, he has ever been active, energetic and
feirly successful, commanding the respect and consideration of his fellow-citi-
zens. In politics, Mr. Neff is a conservative Democrat, though never engaged in
political wrangles. In his religious connections, a Presbyterian, though ex-
tending ftiU consideration to all evangelical churches. He belongs to all de-
partments of the Masonic order, and takes high rank among the membership of
that ancient and honorable order. He is one of the two surviving charter mem-
bers of Winchester Lodge, No. 56, F. & A. M.

John Ends Nbfp, son of the above worthy couple, John and Harriet N.
Neff, was born in Winchester October 26, 1846. John Enos was educated in
the public schools of his native town, and, for a time, attended the State Uni-
versity at Bloomington. He studied law with Gen. Tom Browne ; was ad-
mitted to the bar, and began the practice in his native county. He was a mem-
ber of the One Hundred and Thirty-fonrth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infan-
try, in what was known as the "hundred days service," being at that time
only eighteen years old. In 1872, he received the nomination from the Demo-
cratlo party for Congress In his district, then represented by that veteran Con-

an. Gen. J. P. C. Shanks. He at once engaged In a gallant and enthusl-

3, developing rare qualities as a campaign speaker and expounder

popularity with the masses of his party, give pron
power, he may be offered positions where he will e

of his party's views on National and State policy. The election was so close
that ho, in common with many of his friends, believed he was elected by asmall
majority, but it was decided against him by a Republican Congress. He at
least enjoyed the high reputation gained in the canvass, and the satisfaction of
reducing a large adverse miyorily to the smallest possible site. His defeat,
under the circumstances, rather increased than diminished his popularity, and,
in 1874 he was elected Secretary of State for the State of Indianii, to which
position he was re-elected in 1876, discharging the important trust with marked
ability and satisfaction to all parties. Since the expiration of his official term,
he has been engaged in the practice of law in Winchester, and is, at this time,
in partnership with Col. Martin B. Miller. It is rare that one so young as he
has been called to fill positions of so great trust, but the universal satisfaction
Ich he has discharged every duty devolving upon him, and h

" ' '- — '- ■ ' - that, if it is iig

a wider field fi
ies. He is not a member of any church, and is
ligious questions. He is a Mason — a member of Winchester Lodge, No. 66,
and Randolph Royal Aroh Chapter, No. 35, and takes high rank among the
brotherhood.

COL. H. H. NEFF.
Henry H. Neff has long been a prominent citizen and active business man
of Winchester, and one of the most energetic workers In its public enterprises.
He was bom June 6, 1816, near F.ftton, Preble Co., Ohio. His father, John Neff,
Sr., was a native of Pennsylvania, and the descendant of German ancestors.
His mother, whose maiden name was Susanna Gray, was a native of Virginia.
Henry remained at home until seventeen years of age, acquiring at the common
schools a good English education. In the fall of 1832, he went to Eaton, in
company with his brother John, to learn the printer's trade, under the in.struc-
tlon of Dr. F. A. Cunningliam and John Vanauadal, Esq., remaining until the
spring of 1884. His employers sold out at that time, and he went to Conners-
ville, Ind., and engaged with Matthew R. Hull, who afterward became famous
as a radical anti-slavery and temperance advocate. Ho was at that time pub-
lisher of the Indiana Smtinet, a sterling Whig paper, and Mr. Neff was one of
his assistants for about a year. He was subsequently employed in the office of
the Herald, at Liberty, Union Co., Ind. While at the latter place, his health
failed, and he was taken home by his father to Winchester, Ind. He remained
at home until his health was restored, and in July, 1838, accepted an engage-
ment with Thomas Tigar, editor of the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Sentinel, remaining
in his employ for eighteen months, during a part of which time he was foreman
of the office. Mr. Tigar finally sold the establishment to George W. Wood, in
whose employ Mr. Neff remained until 1838. In that year, he returned to
Winchester, Ind,, and engaged in the retail grocery trade. In the following
year, he embarked in the drug trade with Dr. Robert Woody, at Winchester,
and continued in this business for four years. On October 22, 1843, he issued
the first number of the Winchester Patriot, the first newspaper ever published
in Randolph County. He continued the publication of the Patriot with marked
success for four years, selling the office at that time in order to give his time
fully to his duties as the Representative from this county in the Slate Legisla-
ture, to which he was elected in 1847. The Indianapolis & Bellefontaine Rail-
way was then projected, and he became a candidate for this position, with the
view of doing his utmost to aid in securing the charier for that road. At the
expiration of his official term, however, he purchased the paper from its new
proprietors, and resumed its management. In 1860, he received the appoint-
ment of Deputy United States Marshal, to take the ceiMus of Randolph County.
He performed the duty alone, except in the township of Nettle Creek, which
was canvassed by Thomas W. Reeoe, Esq., completing the labor and making n
full return within the six months allotted bylaw. In 1852, he was elected
Clerk of the Circuit Court for Randolph County, and at that time made a final
sale of the Patriot office. During that campaign, there were three parties in the
field with candidates, The Democrats had been in the ascendancy, and the
Free-Soil element greatly weakened the strength of the Whigs. Mr. Neff was
the candidate of the latter party, and was the only one elected on that ticket
at that election, his majority being 248. In 1866, by the unanimous voice of
the convention, he was again the candidate for this office, and was elected by a
majority of 900. The office was no sinecure, and faithful and arduous work
marked the entire period of his incumbency. He retired from the oflioe after
a service of eight years, and removed to a farm south of Winchester. Shortly
afterward, however, he returned to this place, and embarked in the grain trade
with his son-in-law, Mr, Teal. In 1863, he went with a herd of cattle to the
prairies of Champaign County, 111., and during the summer of that year was
engaged in watching them and preparing them for market. Upon his return,
he was urged by Gov. Morton to assist in raising a regiment for the Uniterl
States service for the suppression of the rebellion. He entered enthusiastic-
ally into this work, and was commissioned Captain of Company G, of thft One
Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Regiment, The organisation of the regi-

of Major, The regiment was assigned to the Twenty-third Army Corps, under
Gen. Sohofield, leaving Indianapolis in March, 1804, and proceeding to Nash-
ville. They were sent to the front, and took part in the Atlanta campaign,
under Gen. Sherman, but instead of accompanying him on the march to the
sea, they were ordered back to Nashville. They participated in the fight at
Columbia, Tenn., and in the battles of Franklin and Nashville. After the
terrible conflict at Franklin, they marched te Nashville in the night, reaching
that place at daylight on the following morning. They had been on duty two
days and two nights without sleep, and many of their number fell by the road-
side from sheer exhaustion. They pursued the rebel Gen. Hood as far as
Columbia, Tenn., after which they were recalled, and ordered to Washington
City. On February 22. 1865, they embarked in an ocean steamer for North
Carolina, landing at Beaufort, and march to Nowbern and Raleigh to join
Gen. Sherman's advancing columns. They were engaged in the battle of

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

'olonel, 8

nd

ifter the

funeral of

8oMier.

He

acoompa

led his 00

May, m

line to tl

e present he

has been en

Wise's Fork, near Kingston, N. C, from the 8th to the 10th of March, 1865.
At this battle, Col. Neff was bereaved of his son, Capt. J. L. Ncff, who fell in
the conflict, pierced by an enemy's bullet. He was conveyed to his home by
his father and interred in the cemetery ftt Winchester, amid the tears and

him as a noble young man. His father had been commissioned Lieutenant
the son, returned to perform his duty as a
mmand to Greensboro and Charlotte, but in
ion and returned to Winchester. From that
igaged in the lumber business at Winchester,
first as a partner with his son-in-law, Mr. Teal, in the black walnut timber
trade, this relation existing for four or five years. In 1871, he became the
senior member of the firm of Netf, Teal & Fisher, dealers in pine lumber. This
firm was dissolved in 1879, and in June, 1880, Col. Neff became the agent at this
point for the firm of Osterhaut& Fox, lumber dealers, of Grand Rapids, Mich. In
the fall of 1881, he was chosen President of the Winchester Wagon Works and
Manufacturing Company, in which capacity he still continues to act. lie has al-
ways taken a leading and active part in the business interests of the town of
Winchester, and hns expended both time and money to promote the welfare of
the town and county. The " Bee Line " railroad probably had not a more active
friend along the line of its proposed route, when projected as t)ie " Indianapolis
& Bellefontaine " Railway. He was quick to perceive the advantages that must
accrue to this county through the possession of such a road, and labored
long and earnestly to further the success of the project. As a member of the
Legislature, he used all his influence to secure a charter for the road, and as a
private citizen he exerted his powers to enlist the sympathy and co-operation
of his neighbors throughout the county. When the present Dayton & Union
Railroad was projected, he made a strong effort to have the road continued to
Winchester, making this town its western terminus, convinced that such an
event would have added an impetus and life to the town, and mtde it an im-
portant center of manufacture and commerce. By his long residence at Win-
chester, and his active association with its public enterprises, he has become
widely known and very popular throughout the county. In fact, this was true
of him when a young man ; for in 1841, when only twenty-six years of age, he
was Independent Whig candidate for Auditor of Randolph County, and although
there were three aspirants in the field besides himself, his personal popularity
nearly erected him. Mr. Eaton, the regular Democratic nominee, was the suc-
sessful candidate, leading Mr. Neff- by only fourteen votes. He was always an
active politician, and was the first to propose and advocate the method now iu
vogue of nominating candidates by " primary elections." He was always an
earnest advocate of temperance, and an earnest worker in the cause. He was
a member of the Washingtonian Society, and a charter member of the first
lodge of the Sons of Temperance organized at Winchester. In 1845, he was
" made a Mason," and is still in active fellowship with the order. He has
passed the various stations of the lodge, and is a member of the Royal Arch
degree, as well as the Commandery. Since 1843, he has been a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and his life has been consistent with his profes-
sion. In private and public life, among all who know him, be is esteemed as a
man of honor and high principle, true to his friends, and generous to those who
diS'er from him. He has been twice married. First, in 1839, to Miss Eliza-
beth Carr, daughter of John Carr, a highly respected citizen of Rush County,
lud. By this union they were the parents of four children. In 1862, his wife
died, and three years later he married Miss Margaret, daughter of William
Mitchell. Her father was a prominent business man of Wayne County, Ind.,
and later of Peru, Ind. His daughter is a lady of superior accomplishments
and wifely qualities, and a general favorite in the social circle. Their wedded
life has been blessed by two sons and two daughters. The latter are both liv-
ing, but the sons are deceased. Col. Neff and his worthy companion are
d hospitality have won them many

highly ef

•med.

CAPT. JAMES L. NEFF.
James Lawrence NefT, son of Henry H. and Elizabeth (Carr) Neff, was born
October 24, 1846, at Winchester, Ind. He attended school in the seminary at
this place, where he acquired a good primary education. In 1861, he entered
the Northwestern University, at Indianapolis, where he remained one year.
At the end of that time he entered the State University, at Bloomington, Ind.,
remaining until the holiday season of 1863. During that vacation, he returned

his regiment at Camp Wayne, near Richmond, Ind. While visiting the camp,
he organized a company for the service, which beciime Company II, of the One
Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, and of which he was at once elected
Captain. In hia school life, from first to last, he manifested talents of a supe-
rior order, and always ranked with the best of his class-mates. He was a young
man of bright mind, and doubtless would have become an ornament to society
in a professional career had not the war changed his purposes for the time,
and led him to abandon his studies, to throw into the conflict for the mainte-
nance of National integrity all the enthusiasm .and valor of his young life. It
was his purpose to resume his studies when the peril that menaced the Union
should have passed, and order and peace restored. But in the struggle he
yielded up his life, a sacrifice to patrioti.Hni, and his spirit winged its flight
from the gory field of Kingston, leaving to his friends and relatives only a
memory of a noble, though brief, career. He was mustered in as Captain in
February, 1864, and at once took charge of the company, drilled and equipped
it, and in the following month went to the front. He was with his regiment in
all the battles of the Atlanta campaign, and in the terrible conflicts of Frank-
lin and Nashville, Tenn., and under his dauntless leadership his company
acquitted themselves nobly iu every enga^rement. At the battle of Wise's
Fork, near Kingston, N. C, Capt. Neff fell at his post, pierced by a ball from a
rebel rifle. Earlier in the fight a rainie Ijnll had struck him, producing

he head of his company, leading them in the charge until he received tl
wound that proved instantly faUl. On the day of his death he had bee
ippointed Oflicer of the Day, having charge of the brigade skirmish-lin
(Vt about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, just before the rebels fell bock, I
ivas advancing his skirmish line, when he received his death v

dead a

: dying v

1 lying a

a pall of 8<

le-field, s

of his loved oi

le? Ho V

"his^S

and to him fond parents and loving sisters had looked up, with happy anticipa-
tions of a bright career, when " war's grim labor" should no longer hold him
from the pursuits to which he aspired. These hopes and aspirations were
buried with him in the soldier's grave. Instances are rare in which a mere
boy is intrusted with the command of a company, and his case, perhaps, had
not a parallel in the army. Ho was only eighteen years old when he took
charge of the company, yet he disohai-ged the duties of his position with the
ability and intelligence of a man of mature years, and was the recognized
equal and associate of officers who had grown gray in the service. His fellow-
officers felt his loss deeply, and at a meeting held on camp on the field, near
Mosely Hill, N. C, on the 28th of March, 1865, passed a series of appropriate
and touching resolutions, of which the following is an extract:

'•Resolved, That in the death of Capt. J. L. Ncff, Company H, One Hun-
dred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers, who was killed while leading his
men in the charge against the enemy at Wise's forks, N. C, on the 10th of
March, 1865, we have sustained an irreparable loss. He was brave, courteous
and excellent in all that constitutes a good soldier; and althi
cupy the position he did, he exhibited in the performance of
beyond his years. It is the will of Divine Providence that
him in the spring-time of life, with a promising future to himself, and the
pride of a doting father and friends, but we rejoice to know that he was a
sacrifice to his country, and that he fell in the face of the enemy, bravely lead-
ing his men to victory."

Upon the reception of the news of his death, the members of the Philoma-
thean Society of Indiana University met in their hall to do honor to his mem-
ory, and passed the following resolutions :

" Wheheas, We are informed of the sad intelligence of the death of our
late esteemed brother, Capt. James L. Neff, of the One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Indiana Regiment, who fell at the battle of K'ngston, N. C, and

" Whereas, While we humbly bow before the Divine decree, we cannot
refrain from sorely lamenting, with feelings of grief and lasting regret, the
loss of so noble and patriotic a brother. Therefore, be it

"Re.iob'ed, That while we lament the death of oue so universally beloved
and honored, we rejoice in the belief that he is now in a happier land, and en-
joying the rewards bestowed upon the virtuous, the true and the brave.

" That as a token of our high regard and esteem for the departed, we
wear the usual badge of mourning for the period of thirty days."

Wherever he was known he was equally well esteemed. He possessed the
faculty of making friends, and by his frank, honorable nature, drew to himself
the affectionate regard of all with whom he was associated. At a re-union of
the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, held at Winchester, October
28, 1878, under the management of Col. H. H. Neff and Capt. Asa Teal, an
original poem was delivered by Samuel C. Crane, referring in touching lines to
the sad fate of the young Captain. Mr. Crane, who served as a private sol-
dier, was woundo<l in the same battle in which Capt. Neff was killed, am! his
poem in memory of the young soldier is an eloquent reminder of the high re
gard in which lie was held, and the universal mourning that surrounded his
death. Thirteen years had elapsed, and still the memory of his noble life and
gallant death was fresh in the hearts of his comrades, as it will continue to be
until they, too, have joined him in that land beyond the grave. We select
from the poem those stanzas relating more directly to Capt. Neff:

" Still n.

the tide of war

its fiery way,

an hour before

sweeping north'
And harvest fields, where bu

The reaper toiled, in dust
There was a youth who ca,st his books away,
And though but eighteen summers he had knowi

No time was this for study or for play.

And bravely seek the field where glory beckon'd
And gained ii

111 and lithe of limb he stood,

hat he lacked in age ;
Could look, with cheek unblanched, on fields of blood.
Or smile in triumph 'mid fierce battle's rage,
■ is name on Glory's deathless page.

Or '11

untry'!

Hag of St

gilded

rnge

No prouder footstep trod that battle-field,
No nobler spirit met the rebel foe,

No warmer heart its high devotion sealed.
No firmer hand dealt swifter blow for bloy

\ , ^'^^

S-, ii ^-^Mi^W^/^f'

PT. CO H.I24'^ INO VOL.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

No eye shono brighter in the battle's glow
No richer blooil in crimson current rim

Than hie, who on fliat day was stricken Ic

And fell in death while fighting in the van,

A youth in yeara alone; in Ood-lilce deeds, A

" Gone— and forever— in his life's young mori

His grave is hallowed by Affection's tear,

- •• ing-plac- -■ -

Nurtur

1 by tl

F

nd sisters who had

watched h

m year by y

And

dreamed foml dreams for him

lliey loved s.

[id his lone sire, wl

0 knelt bea

de his bier.

Will

sorrow such as no

ne but they

can tell

Who

so only sons in figh

for God and country ft

WILLIAM P. NEEDHAM was born December 19, 185.''., at Newport (now
Fountain City), Wayne Co., Ind. In 18.56, the family removed to Williams-
burg, in the same county, where the father, Frederick Needham, was exten-
sively engaged in mercantile pursuits. In August, 1860, he came to Winches-
ter, and was engaged in business here until his death, which occurred in 1804.
William, his son, was educated in the public schools of Winchester, attending
regularly until thirteen years of age. At that time, he entered the office of
the Journal at Winchester, to learn the printer's trade, and, after completing
his apprenticeship, returned to school, where he spent two years. For the
neit ten years, he was engaged at his trade in various cities, and, for several
years, was a regular contributor to some of the best papers and magazines in
the country, writing poetry and articles of a literary character, which attract-
ed widespread attention and commendation. In February, 1881, he e.slablished
at Winchester the Phantaamagorian, a weekly newspaper and literary journal.
This paper grew almost immediately into popular favor, exceeding even the
anticipations of its founder, and now enjoys an extended circulation. Person-
ally, the editor is a young man of great energy and enthusiasm in the prosecu-
tion of his chosen work. He has been a close student all his life, and has
developed literary talents of a high order. He is moral and honorable in his
private character, and personally very popular among those who know him
best. He is an active member of Winchester Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and
in politics is an enthusiaalic Republican. He was elected Clerk of the town of
Winchester in 1878, and has been re-elected to this office five consecutive terms.

ALONZO H. PATTV was born October 28, 184C, at Huntaville, Randolph
Co., Ind. His father, Harvey Patty, was born in Montgomery County, Ohio,
but removed to Wayne County, Ind., when a boy, and was reared in that
county. He was married to Martha Armfield, a native of North Carolina, who
removed to Wayno County, Ind., with her parents, in 1832. In 1845, he came
to Randolph County, Ind., and located at Huntsville, where he was engaged in
mercantile pursuits. He was always a highly-respected citizen, but never
sought nor accepted a public office. He died in 1856. Alonzo, the subject of
this sketch, was but eighteen months old when his mother died, and he was
taken to the home of his grandfather, in whose family he was reared. lie
learned to work at an early age, and industry became second nature with him.
In the years that followed, he has fought !iis own way bravely, and his achieve-
ments are the result of his own energy, unaided by pecuniary assistance from
any one. He enjoyed the advantages of a liberal education, first attending
New Garden High School at Fountain City, Ind., and afterward the Raisin
Valley Seminary at Adrian, Mich., graduating from the latter institution in
1871. He had learned the harness-maker's trade, and was engaged in the pur-
suit of this occupation in connection with school teaching, earning the means
to defray his own expenses while attending .school. From 1871 to 1874, he
taught school in the winter, and worked at his trade during the remainder of
the year, and in the year last named, began the study of law in the office of
Judge H. C. Fox, at Richmond, Ind. He was admitted to the bar of Wayne
County 'n 1875, but did not begin the practice of his profession until the spring
of 1877, at which time he came to Winchester. In 1878, he entered into part-
nership with his brother-in-law, L. A. Cranor, which relation continued until
the removal of the latter to another point. In the spring of 1882, he entered
into the partnership relations now existing between himself and W. \V. Canada.
For about seven years, Mr. I'atty has practiced at the bar of Randolph County,
and is regarded by all who know him as one of its rising members. He "is
enthusiastically devoted to his profession, and by his honorable course in the
practice, has gained the confidence of his clients and the legal fraternity. He
is ft firm supporter of the Republican party in politics, and though an active
and zealous partisan, has never sought public office. In 187!), however, he
accepted an appointment as Justice of the Peace, and at the ensuing election,
in 1880, was elected to that office, and is still serving in that capacity. He be-
came an Odd Fellow in 18f)9, and after passing the chairs of the subordinate
lodge, united with the Encampment, of which he is an active member. On the
19th of September, 1875, he was united in marriage with Miss Ella Cranor, in
Wayne County, Ind., and in December, 1881, his wife died, leaving two sons-
Harry B. and Clarence — to mourn her loss. She was was an excellent lady,
and enjoyed the good will and affectionate regard of all who knew her.

PHINEHAS POMEROV.
The ancestoi-s of this gentleman were among the early settlers of Amer-
ica, having emigrated hither from England in 1(533. His father, Pelntiah
Pomeroy, was born in Connecticut, and was living there at the outbreak of the
Revolution. He took an honorable part in that war, casting his fortunes with
the patriots, and serving bravely in the (Jontincnfal army. He was at the sur-
render of Saratoga ; was in the New .lersey campaign, and at the surrender of
Cornwallis at Yorktown. After the close of the war, ho located at Winchester,
Cheshire Co., N. H., and married Hannah Foster. At tliat place, on the 6th
of May, 18(X), his son Phinehas was born. The latter, received a primary

icademy, he located

d marked proficiency.
■ t Williat ■"

red t

New Phi

lelphia,

he began work at his profess
was thus engagedjuntij l^he completion of the canal in 1832, ami fur the next
four years occupied.a .similar po.silion on the Miami Canal. At the end of that
time, he went to lientiicky, and was engaged in public surveys there for six
years. RcturniiUg to Ohio, he located at Daylon, and engaged in railroad sur-
veying, and, throughout aperiod of twenty years, made preliminary survey
for every railroad entering that city except the " Broad G.'iuge." In 1805, he
removed to Indiana and located at Winchester, where he has ever since made
' ■ irgc portion of the lime surveying

i.nd no«

eighty-tl

still active and vigorous, and ■? „ „ .

Within the past year, h,o has been engaged in running the lines for portions of
three railroads, and, airing the present spring (1882),. surveyed the line for a
railroad running norllt from Greenville, Ohio. He has been twice married.
First, in October, 18'^:?, to Miss Jerusha Tinker, in Portage Clounty, Ohio.
She was a lineal descendjint of Thomas Tinker, a passenger in the Mayflower,
Mrs. Pomeroy died in Kentucky in 1841, leaving three children, who still sur-
vive, viz , Charles Carroll, Anna J. and Josephine. In October, 1854. Mr.
Pomeroy was married to Miss Mary Ilollis, at Dayton, Ohio. By this union,
Ihey are the parents of three children, named respectively Phineas, Mary and
Ralph D. Although not a pioneer, Mr. Pomeroy is a prominent and influen-
tial citizen of Winchester, and has had a large share in the public improve-
ments of the town and county. He has been in active fellowship with the
Masonic fraternity since 1822. He took the Royal Arch degree at Porlsnioiilh,
Ohio, in 188') or 1840, and the Knight Templar's degree .-it Dayton, Ohio in
185U. He stands high in the order and in society, and is esteemed by all who

HON. MARTIN ,

REEDER.

Martin A. Recder was born in 1819. in Warren O.unty, Ohio, and came
to Randolph County, Ind., in 1822. with his grandfather, John Martin. At
the age of fourteen years, he entered upon an apprenticeship at the carpenter's
trade, at Richmond, Ind., working at his trade in that city from 183;i to 1839.
Subsequent to the last-named date, he attended school in the seminary at Win-
chester, adding largely to the education begun in the common schools in earlier
boyhood. After leaving school, he resumed work at his trade, and in the years
that followed became a master builder, and achieved great success in his chosen
vocation. In this county and vicinity there are still many buildings standing
which were erected by him or under his immediate supervision. Among the
number arc the Methodist, Presbyterian and Friends' Churches, at Winchester,
the old jail at this place, and the House of Refuge at Indianapolis. He was
associated with the county in its pioneer period, and kept pace with its progress,
at the same time rising to prominence as a citizen. Ho was c.alleil upon to fill
various local offices in early times, as well as in recent years, and in all capac-
ities proved himself capable, efficient and trustworthy. He served as County
Assessor two terms, as County Appraiser two terms, as Township Assessor two
terras, and three terms as Township Trustee. In 187.5, he w.as elected by the
Republicans as the Representative from this i
and in this capacity rendered valuable service. He was he
tant trusts as a member of standing and special committc
materially in checking extravagance and securing economy i
of the public money. Among the bills introduced by him were the charter
under which Union City now exists; the act prohibiting the sale of ammnni-
tiou to minors ; the exemption of the properly of widows ; the bill for the sup-
pression of the liquor traffic, and the punishment of intoxication ; and a bill
providing for local option. He has .always been an uncompromising temperance

taking a radical position, and arraying himself boldly as an adversary of

"■ ■ ■ toxicatiug drinks, In his early life he formed ideas antagonistic to
of slavery, and in his nialurcr years became one of the prominent
Abolitionists of this community, oo-opcrnting with D.iniel Worth, Dr. Hiram P.
Bennett, Paul W. Way, and others in this region who engineered and operated t he
■ Under-ground Railroad," and other agen ■ " • - . .

furtherance of these and other benevoleni enterprises,

) affiliate with the Whig party, and in all its

ber. Upon the rise of the Kepuh-

His anti-slavery 8« _

campaigns he proved himself a valuable mere

lican party, he became one of its adherents, I _

principles. During a long life of activity and industry in this community, Mr.
Recder has achieved a fair degree of success in a financial sense, and, though
the weight of years has superannuated him for work at his trade, he could not
consent to retire entirely from aotive life. In the fall of ISSl, he embarked in
the coal and lime trade at Winchester, at which he is still successfully engaged.
Ho was married, in 184.1, to Miss Elizabeth Favorite, daughter of Henry
Favorite, of Maryland. She has always been a loving and devoted helpmate, and
a kind Providence has forborne to sever the ties that have bouid their hearts

long togetl

1 life, h

I and r

deeds of kindness and charity have gained for them a lasting plac
the hearts of the recipients.

NATHAN REED.
Nathan Reed was born June 7, 1813. in Fayette County, Pcnn. He was
reared on a farm in that county, the monotony of his early life being varied
by no incidents of importance. In the winter ho attended the common school,
and during his boyhood acquired an education sufliciently thorough to enable
him to engage intelligently iu the active business life th.at marked his later
years. During his minority, he remained at home, working for his father on
the farm. But in his twenty-second year (1835), he left home for the West.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

(t steadily meeting, i
• • e slowly ii

«r West,"

ble, and afterward as Deputy 1

he was elected to the office of Snerm, anu in inestj sevenn cupivuiiieH, lor u
period of twenty years, he rode from point to point through the mud and the
dense forests of this county, then but sparsely populated. In some ca«e9, he
had tough customors to deal with, but generally effected his arrests quietly
and without assistance; but, if in the performance of his duty, force was
nocessary, he was not the man to shrink or wayer before personal danger. In
one notable instance, he captured his man after a struggle. ,Some hogs had
been stolen by a colored man in the Cabin Creek settlement, the thief escaping
10 Greenville, across the State line. The Sheriff was notified, and made
search for the criminal, assisted by two colored men, and found him near the
old Collier Simpson place. Routing him out from the cabin into the clearing,
Mr. Reed ordered him to surrender; but, as the negro brandished a bowlder
in one hand and a knife in the other, he prepared to meet his warlike adver-
sary on an equal footing. Seizing a club, he struck a blow that for the
moment paralyzed the negro's arm, and the knife dropped to the ground. Mr.
Reed wa,s struck in the temple by the stone which the thief had thrown, but
he grappled with him, and, with the aid of his deputies, overpowered him.
He endured all the annoyances and labor incident to the Sheriff's ofBce in
those early days, and retired with the hearty commendation of all good people
for his efBciency and fidelity as an officer. He was afterward called to fill
other offices of responsibility in the county. He was the first Trustee of White
River Townshii) under the new constitution, serving one year. For three
years, he was a member of the Board of County Commissioners. In 186!), he
was elected .luslice of the Peace, succeeding .lacob Elzroth, who had served as
magistrate for forty years. Mr. Reed served faithfully in this capacity for
nine years. In 1878, he was chosen President of the Farmers' & Merchants'
Bank of Winchester, and still occupies this position. For many years, Mr.
Reed has been a successful business man in this community, and his career
demonstrates what may be accomplished by ayouog man with the proper spirit
and energy, He carae here without friends and without money. First a por-
ter in a hotel, he worked his way by successive steps and persistant pluck to
the position of a bank I'resident and a front rank in society. Financial suc-
cess followed, and in the years of his active business life he amassed a compe-
tence which has placed him far above the possibility of want. Although he
has retired from the drudgery of active business pursuits, he has not permit-
ted his life to lapse into idleness. Indeed, such a course would be quite
foreign to the nature of one as industrious and energetic as he. He has taken
an active interest in the public affairs of the county, and has done his share in
encouraging and promoting enterprises of public benefit and improvement.
His early political affiliations were with the Whig parly, and the anti-slavery
element found in him a stanch friend and valuable coadjutor. In his native
county in Penn.sylvania, he had witnessed some of the practical workings of
slavery, and in his early boyhood learned to hate it bitterly. Fugitive slaves
had nought to fear from a meeting with him, and the organizations for aiding
their escape received his sanction and encouragement. Upon tlie decline of
the Whig party he became a Republican, and has ever since continued to act
with that branch of the body politic, taking au active part in the selection of
the proper men to administer the laws and discharge the public duties. In
social life, Mr. Reed stands high in the estimation of all who know him, and
possesses the warm regard of a large circle of friomls. His religious prefer-
ence is with the Universaliet Church, and his moral life is above reproach.
He has been twice married. First, in 18311, to Miss Annie, diiughler of Paul
W. Way, his former employer. After thirty-six years ot happy wedded life,
his wife died, leaving six children to mourn her loss. In 1873, he was mar-
ried to Phebe, daughter of .John and Jane Fisher, of Union City. She had
twice before been married, first to Elias Baldwin, and after his decease to
David T. Bailey. His wife is an estimable lady, and occupies a high place in
the social circle.

ALFRED ROSSM AN. .lames, father of this gentleman, was born in Ireland,
but emigrated to the United SUUes, locating at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1792. The
" Queen City of the West" then contained the old fort, and a few log houses,
and gave little promise of the greatness it was to attain in after years. Mr.
Rcssman only remained there one year, removing to Pittsburgh, Penn., at the
end nf that time. At a later date he relumed to Ohio, locating at Franklin,
Warren County, where he resided until his death, which occurred in 1845.
Alfred, the subject of this sketch, was born at Franklin, Ohio, in 1811,
and in his youth received such an education as the schools of early days
afforded. At the age of fifteen years, he became a saddler's apprentice at
ton, Ohio, and spent five years in acquiring a thorough knowledge of that

i New

s of 11

ndiana and Ohio, and other points, and located at
Ind., in the spring of 1838. Here he established the first harness and saddle
shop, and manufactured the first saddle ever made in Randolph County. Prior
to his arrival, traders often passed this point with saddles to sell to the Indians
and others who would buy ihem. Among the traders were his brother, James
Rossman, and William Taylor. The first saddle manufactured in this county
was a highly ornamentfti one, and sold for $50 at a lime when ready cosh was a
scarce commodity. It wns handsomely gilded and burnished, and covered
with buckskin, which had been dyed a blueblack color by the Indians. While
working at Rossville, Ohio, Mr. Rossman made a saddle similar to this for God-
frey, the Miami Chief. It pleased the old Indian bo that he woul

nount to admirt

veying it w

and after nding
lisfaclion as a child
3 187G, Mr. Rossmi

little

engaged constantly at his trade in lh« town of Winchester, and daring that
period manifested the most untiring energy and enthusiasm in the prosecution
of his chosen vocation ; and by good management and honest toil accumulated
a comfortable fortune. He retired from active business about the year 1876,
and now enjoys the rest well earned by years of labor. He was always a pub-
lic-spirited citizen, and took an active part in developing the county by encour-
aging and patronizing public improvements; yet he was never ambitious, and
with the exception of a term in the Town Council of Wiiicheater, never occu-
pied public office. He has long been known as an upright, reliable citizen, and
throughout his life bin dealings have commanded the confidence and esteem of
his fellow-men. He was married, in 1841, to Miss Hannah Reeder, sister of
Hon. Martin Reeder, of Win.hester, who still lives to cheer the years of his later
life. They are the parents of three children, who have grown to maturity and
taken their places among the honored and respected citizens of the community.
NATHAN C. SIMMONS was born May 26, 1844, in Jackson Township,
Randolph Co., Ind., and is the son of James Simmons, who located in this county
in 1821, and remained here until his death, which took place in 1873. Nathan,
the subject of this sketch, was reared on the home farm, and in his boy-
hood divided bis time between farm work and work in the saw-mill, of which
his father was the proprietor. In August, 1863, he enlisted in Company F, of
the Sixty-ninth Indiana Regiment, from which he was honorably discharged on
account of impaired health, after being in the service for about a year. In the
spring of 1866 he re-oulisled, serving until the close of the war, in the Thirty-
third Regiment, Indiana Veteran Volunteers. In the fall of 1865, he entered
Liber College, where he spent three terms, and, at the close of that period,
entered Ridgeville College, with the view of graduating. On account of im-
paired health, however, he was compelled to abandon this plan, and left the
college after a course of two and a half years. He taught school until 1874,
being engaged in the meantime, during the summer, in the study of the law, in
the office of Monks & Watson, at Winchester. In 1875, he was admitted to the
bar, but did not engage in the practice, because, about the same time, he was ap-
pointed Deputy Treasurer under H. B. Hunt, and served in that capacity for
two years. He then embarked in the grocery trade at Winchester, and has
been engaged in mercantile pursuits ever since, until October, 1882, at which
time he sold out. He was married, in October, 1875, to Miss Ellen Kern,
daughter of William and Lydia Kem, who were early settlers of Wayne County,
Ind., but now are living near Winchester. By this union they are the parents
of four children, viz., Detroit M., Maty 0., Everett E. and William C. Mr.
Simmons is an industrious, energetic man, and is highly esteemed by all wlm
know him. He is a Master Mason in Winchester Lodge, and in politics, a Rc-

EZRA STONE.
Ezra Stone was born in the State of Rhode Island, May 11, 1791, and in
1812 removed to Madison County, N. Y. In 1817, he located at Marietta, Ohio,

victim of misfortunes which almost ultimateJ in financial ruin. He owned a
farm n-ar Aurora, and one year constructed a flat-boat for the purpose of
transporting his grain to New Orleans. The expedition proved unsuccessful,
since, after arriving at his destination, he could not find a market for the
grain. He had, however, taken with him a lot of cattle belonging to a neigh-
bor, disposing of them at a fair price. He borrowed the money received from
the sale of the cattle, and with it paid for havin;; his corn shelled, preparatory
to shipping it to Savannah, Ga., around the Gnlf. But, as if disaster were
determined to follow him, the corn became spoiled in transit, and was found
worthless at the end of the voyage. Thus he lost both the corn and the money
for his neighbor's cattle. The voyage occupied a period of six months, and
its consequences involved him in serious embarrassment. Subsequently, lie
embarked in a "pirogue" with his family, for the purpose of removing to
Cincinnati, and at the solicitation of some merchants took with him a huge
basket of eggs, the basket holding as much as three or four barrels. He drew
his pirogue toward the shore, when his wife, in attempting to walk from the
boot with her child, lost her balance and fell overboard. .Mr. Stone grnspel
the child from her arms, and, throwing it back upon the boat, landed it squarely
in the basket of eggs, creating terrible havoc. He rescued his wife, however,
and they reached Cincinnati without further adventure. Mr. Stone was a mas-
ter-builder, and often went to New Orleans to work at his trade, during the
winter sersons. and was usually accompanied by his sons, Asahel and William,
In the winter of 1838, his wife accompanied him on one of his annual journeys
thither, and died while there. His daughter Lois, just merging into a sweet
womanhood, also died there in 1838. Of the six children constituting his fam-
ily, only two now survive, viz., Oen. Asahel Stone, of Winchester, and Capt
William 1). Sumo, D. D., of Union City, Ind. In 1831), Mr. Stone removed
with his family to Indiana, locating at Winchester, and in 184:1 he married
Polly Edwards. He purchased land in Randolph County, owning at one tioiL'
a part of the " old Fort." Here he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until
failing eyesight compelled him to retire from active labor. He died August K.
1848, his wife surviving him about five years. In politics, Mr. Stono acted
with the Whigs, and although an active worker in the ranks, never sought or
held public office. He was a consistent member of the Baptist Church, living
his religion in his daily life. He was a public-spirited man, alive to all tho
better and higher interests of the community, and the indorser and patron of
all enterprises having for their object the promotion of the public welfare. Ho
died regretted by all who knew him, for in life he possessed their warmest
regard and most affectionate esteem. His remains now rest in that beautiful
city of the dead, Fountain Park Cemetery.

OEN. ASAHEL STONE.
As.vitBi., son of Ezra Stone, was born June 29, 1817, near Marietta, Wash-
ington Co., Ohio, removing with his parents to Aurora, Ind,, in 1818, and to

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1822. On the 23d of September, 1837, he was united in
marriage with Miss Lydia B. Preston, at Finneytown, near Cincinnati, Ohio.
In boyhood he learned the carpenter's trade, and in his sojourns at New Or-
leans, as his father's assistant, formed an attachment for that city, and removed
Ihithev with liis wife shortly after marriage. In 183it, however, he came tn
Wincliester, and has ever since been one of its prominent and influential citi-
zens. Until the outbreak of the late rebellion, he was engaged at the carpen-
ter trade in Winchester and vicinity, but on the 2yth of May, ISfil, was
appointed by Gov. Jlorton as Commissary General for the State of Indiana,
and, on the 15th of October, 1862, was appointed Quartermaster General. In
his official capacity he proved himself a superior man. In the work of look-
ing after the interests of the soldiers, securing and forwarding supplies, pro-
viding sanitary stores, nurses and medical attention for the sick and wounded,
and in the discharge of all the varied and arduous duties of his position, he
was zealous, patriotic and self-sacrificing. He rendered valuable service to
the cause, and great reliance was placed in his judgment and discretion by
Gov. Morton, who frequently commended him in his nnnual messages to the
Legislature. His field of labor was varied and extensive, requiring executive
ability of a high order, which he developed in a marked degree. In his mes-
sage of .January 6, 1865, Gov. Morton said: "The report of the Quartermaster
and Commissary General is herewith laid before you, and your attention is
especially called to its contents. The administration of this department by
Gen. Stone has been highly successful and satisfactory." And under date of
January 11. 1867, the following tribute to his fidelity occurs : "The [Quarter-
master's] Department has been a large and cumbrous maoliine, but has been
managed with great fidelity, ability aud success, for which Gen. Stone is
well entitled to the thanks of the State. His position has been one of great
labor and responsibility, and its duties have been performed to my entire satis-
faction. Your attention is especially invited to the interesting details in his
report." After the close of the war, he returned to the farm in Randolph
County, and for a while was engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1865, how-

>e identified v

f Winch

one of the organizers of the First National Bank of this city. He was elected
President, and by annua! re-election held that position the most of the lime
until the institution ceased to exist as a national bank in October, 1878. Its
circulation was withdrawn, and it was reorganized as :i bank under the luwa of
the State. Gen. Stone was elected Tresident of the new organization, and has
ever since continued to act in that capaoity. One as active as he in the afifairs
of private and business life is seldom permitted to remain long out of politics ;
and in his case his friends began to look upon him when quite young, as the
proper person for important public positions. In 1847, when only thirty years
old, he was nomiuated by the Whig party of this county for the Indiana
House of Representatives, and elected in the fall of that year. In 1848, he
was nominated as a member of the Constitutional Convention, and was only
defeated by four votes. In 1860, he was elected to the Indiana Senate, where
he served with distinction, and was honored with important trusts as a member
of various Senate Committees. The war and his connection with it here inter-
rupted his public life, but after the restoration of peace he again became the
stivndard-bearer of his party at the earnest solicitation of friends, and, in 1867,
was again elected as the Representative from this county in the General Assem-
bly of Indiana. In all his public life, his actions were characterized by a sincere
sense of honor, and of duty to his constituent* and their best interests. He
retired from his position with the good will of his associates, and the confi-
dence of the people of the county which he so efficiently served. A review of
his career from the farm to the Legislature, from there to the department of
the army which he so well administered, and to his successful life as a busi-
ness man and financial manager proves him a gentleman of rare attainments
and versatility. It is a noteworthy fact, too, that his ability is self-acquired,
bis boyhood and youth having been spent in the early days of this county's
history, when but few educational privileges existed. His education is prac-
tical, rather than scholastic, and has served him well in his financial under-
takings. In November, 1881, he was elected Secretary, Treasurer and General
Manager of the Winchester Wagon Works, an enterprise of great importance
among the manufacturing industries of this city. To the details of this busi-
ness he devotes his energies with the same zest that has marked his apprecia-
tion of all the trusts ever confided to him. He has reached the "shady side "
of a noble life ; yet in spirit he is young and cheerful. His splendid business
habits have returned him goodly stores of worldly wealth, but instead of seek-
ing to enhance a fortune already ample, he has found his greatest pleasure in
distributing his means in such a manner as to make others happy. A few
years ago he erected a row of neat, tasteful cottages opposite his own palatial
home in the southern suburbs of Winchester, fitting them with many convea-
ienoes, and letting them out at a moderate rental, thus .securing the comfort
and happiness of his tenants. In the spring of 1880, he purchased and do-
nated to the town of Winchester forty acres of land for a public cemetery. He
purchased the ground at a cost of |4,000, and had it surveyed and platted at
an additional expense of $300, and on the Ist day of March, 1880, secured it
to its purpose by a ileed, signed by himself and his worthy wife, conveying the
premises in trust forever to a Board of Control, to be used for the purpose
designated. On the 3d day of .July, 1880, a public dedication was held, at
which very appropriate ceremonies were held, and addresses delivered by

" Fountain Park Cemetery."

We omit to mention in detail his many public and private benefactions,
but we feel assured of the sanction ef the community when we say that he is a
leading spirit in all matters of public interest, and an unselfish worker for the
promotion of the public welfare. He is an uncompromising hater of intemper-
ance, and many years ago entered the temperance ranks as an active worker.
He was a prominent member of the AVashingtoniaos, Sons of Temperance, and
the Independent order of Good Templars, and attended the Slate and General
Conventions of these orders, serving as Grand Worthy ('liief Templar for two

years, and as Grand Worthy Secretary for an equal length of time, and has
been for twenty-five years a leading Odd Fellow, His uniformly temperate
habits have secured to him their usual results — a strong constitution and the
preservation of his mental powers in all their vigor. He is simple in his hab-
its, modest and unassuming in his deportment, prompt and accurate in his
business methods, and one whose companionship is refining and elevating.
Though not himself a church member, he is a cheerful contributor to the sup-
port of the Gospel, realizing its effect for good upon the community. In poli-
tics, as previously stated, he was formerly identified with the Whig party. He
cast his first vote for Gen. Harrison in the memorable campaign of 1840, and
was always radically anti-slavery in sentiment. Upon the organization of the
Republican party in 1850, he became one of its adherents, and in the interven-
ing years has been one of its most active and efficient workers. He occupies a
place in the hearts of the community which none but he can fill, and is one of
tho.se men whose identity with a town is a public blessing, and whose death is
a public calamity. The bride of his early years is spared by a kind Providence
to share and enjoy with him the triumphs of his later life ; and while the
weight of years h.is turned to silver the fresh young locks of girlhood, in her
heart she is still young. Their wedded life has been a happy one, although it
has been blessed by no children, and it seems a misfortune that, in the course
of a few years at best, there will be none to perpetuate the name to which this
community owes so much. But it will live long in the memory of many to
whom kindly deeds ] ' ' ' ■> " ' . .. _ ,, __.„_ __i!i-

close this sketch of tl

will e:

life without saying a few words of her who
helpmate and such an important coadjutor in his success.
Lydia B. Preston was born November 25, 1817, in Hamilton County, near Cin-
cinnati, Ohio. Her maternal grandfather, Samuel Raymond, was one of Cin-
cinnati's earliest pioneers, having located there in 1790. He was a farmer,
and his children were nearly all engaged in the same pursuit. His daughter,
the mother of Mrs. Stone, married John Preston, an industrious farmer of
Hamilton County, and, like the majority of wives in those early days, was
thoroughly inured to work, lending a helping hand to her husband in his
struggle for the acquisition of a fortune. Lydia, the daughter, inherited the
habits of industry that were so truly characteristic of the race by whom the
forest was first felled, and under whom civilization was inaugurated and ad-
vanced in the West, and these habits became so much a part of her nature as
to mark and govern all her life. As illustrative of this fact, il may be stated
that she has always been known as an early riser, and her promptness in this
particular has been quite remarkable. By 4 o'clock every morning, she is
up and about her housework, and perhaps there has not been a morning dur-
ing her wedded life in which she has not kindled the first five, except when
prevented by sickness. Trifling as this may appear at first sight, it has proved
of great advantage to her husband, who has been enabled thereby to be always
early at his work, ready to meet and direct men in his employ, avoiding
unnecessary waste of time, which delays at home would naturally have occa-
sioned. It is one feature of the course she has always pursued, i. e., to help
her husband, and ita effect is observed in the final result. To hev energy and
good management, her advice and counsel, and the active interest she always
manifested in his aft'airs, her husband acknowledges his indebtedness for his
financial success. To a common-school education she unites the qualities of a
fine intellect, and is as familiar with business methods as with the details of
" " Church when

. giri, a.

a devout

J a leading part in all charitable and benevolent work in
this community, while in the temperance work she has been especially active.
She was identified with the Good Templars and other temperance organiza-
tions as long as they existed in this community. To Ihe children, she is espe-
cially kind and friendly, and in their young hearts her memory is sacredly
enshrined by her many kind deeds for the little ones, among whom she is
aflFectionalely known as "Aunt Lydia." In the social circle, she is a general
favorite, and her uniform kindliness to those with whom she has been asso-
ciated has gained for her their affectionate regard. She is well preserved and
sprightly, and we join with her many friends in the wish that she may be
spared yet many years to the community in which she has so long resided, and
to the husband whose life she has blessed.

HENRY TAYLOR SEMANS,
Winchester, Ind., was born at Macksville, Randolph Co., Ind., July 30, 1837.
His father, Solomon M. Semans, was a native of Highland County, Ohio, his
mother, Hester Ann (Mclntire) Semans, of lUndolph County, Ind. His par-
ents were among the hardy pioneers, and of the class who by dint of industry
and economy h,".ve done so much to develop our country to the high state of
excellence we now enjoy. The youthful days of young Henry T. were spent
in the uneventful rounds of farm life, with but meager opportunities for gain-
ing information or knowledge of the ways of the world, being only such as
were afforded by the district school. Desirous of gaining a more liberal edu-
cation than they afforded, he attended Liber College in 1858-59, for three
terms. After leaving college, he was engaged as clerk by the firm of McKee
& Keener, who at that time kept a general supply store for the country trade
at Farmland, Ind. Here Mr. Semans rapidly gained an insight into business,
and early displayed many of those excellent qualities which have marked his
career. In August, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Company A, Eighty-
fourth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and upon the organization of the
company he was chosen and mustered in as First Lieutenant. He participated
in all the campaigns in which his regiment was engaged, and was in many
severe conflicts, the principal of which were Chickamauga, Resaca, Franklin
and Nashville. He, with his regiment, remained in the field until the close of
the war, and was mustered out June 14, 1805. After hia return home, he was
appointed Deputy County Clerk under John B. Goodrich. In 1868, he was

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

elected by the Republicans Clerk of Randolph Circuit Court, which responsible
position he filled with marked ability for four years. After retiring from the
Clerk's office, he engaged for some years in the grain trade, but since 1870 has
nol been engrvged in any special business, having accumulated a handsome
fortune, which he proposes to enjoy in a rational manner. He was married to
Miss Mary J. Eilgcr, daughter of Edward Edger, of Winchester, Ind., October
H, lHti7, a lady of most excellent oharncter, who has in all respects proved a
worthy companion. They are the parents of three promising sons. Mr. Se-
nians, while not a man of radical character, has always been a pronounced
Republican, and, so far as he ever attempted, a very successful politician. He

all theological questiims.

CLINTON D. SMITH, Winchester, Ind., was born at Williamsburg, Cler-
m.itit Co., Ohio, February 20, 1828; he was the son of Stephen and Sarah
(Kain) .Smith, who were of German descent, and came to Ohio from New Jer-
sey. Mr. Smith, Sr., was a raill-wright by trade, but early placed his son,
Clinton 1)., to learn the printing business in the ofiioe of the county paper pub-
lished at liatavia. Voung Smith went to Iowa, In 1847, and engaged in pub-
lishing the Ottumwa Ciiurier for eighteen months, but on account of poor
health was obliged todispose of it, ofter which he returned to Ohio, and was
engaged on the Herald of Freedom n.i Wilmington for two years, and on the
tnilfprmlenl at Greenfield for two years. Mr. Smith came to Indiana in 1864,
and engi\ged to publish the Connersville Telegraph for one year, during which
lime he was married to Miss Eliza Irvin, daughter of Robert Irvin.late of Ran-
dolph County, October 11, 1855, who has in all respects been to him a worthy
companion, and is a lady of eioellent social standing. They are the parents
of four children, three of whom are living. At the beginning of 1850, Mr.
Smith removed to Winchester, and purchased the Journal, and began the pub-
lieution of the first Republican paper in Eastern Indiana; he continued its pro-
prietor for four years, after which he purchased the Tmtn at Muncie, Ind., in
which publication he was engaged nt the breaking-out of the rebellion, when
lie sold out .and enlisted in the Nineteenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infan-
try, where he served one year,- when he returned and aided in recruiting the
Kighly-fourth Regiment, enlisting as a private in Company E; he shared in its toil-
some and dangerous campaigns, and was promoted to First liieutenant of Com-
pany C for good conduct ; he was severely wounded at Chickamauga, his left arm
being shattered, from the elTects of which he remains an invalid. He was hon-
orably discharged, having faithfully served his country for three years. Since
his return, he has been engaged in Iheprinting business as foreman of the Her-
ald, and recently in the same capacity with the Journal. Mr. Smith is not a
member of any church, but is liberal in his views on theological questions ; he
has led a busy life, and is deserving the esteem in which he is held by his
friends and neighbors.

WASHINGTON B.SNEDEKEi: was born in 1825 in Tuscarawas County,
Oliio ; Ills father, .Tacob Sncdeker, was born in Virginia about the year 1781),
and was ot Scotch descent. Four brotlier.5 by the name of Sncdeker emigrated
frotii Scotland to Long Island at an early .lay, and from them have descended
all who bear that name in America. .Jacob Sncdeker removed to Knox County
Ohio, localing between Mount Vernon and Londouville, where he died in 1834.
His widow married again, and removed to Mercer County, Ohio, in 1837.
Washington, the subject of this sketch, attended the common schools, and nc-
f|Mircd a good English education ; he became an apprentice at the carpenter's
trade when a young man, ond acquired great proficiency as a mechanic. In
1841, he returned to Knox County, Ohio, where he was engaged at his trade
fur four years. In 1845, ho returned to Mercer County, and in 1846 was mar-
ried to Charlotte Hossler, who died in 1852. By this union they were the par-
cnlv of llncc children. In 1857, he married .lane Maddock, one child being
thi.- fruit of this second tinion. Until 1854, he w;is engaged at his trade, but in
that year embarked in in the daguerreotype business, leading a migratory life,
traveling from town to town in his car, and taking pictures in all towns of any
consequence in Northeastern Indiana, and Van Wort, Mercer and Darke Coun-
ties, Ohio ; he located at Winchester, Ind., in 180:3, and from that date until
1H70 he owned and operated a planing mill at this place, and from 1870 to
1880 he was the proprietor of a restaurant. He possesses rare genius as a
mechanic, and has designed and invented several articles of practical value,
nuinng them being the churn and a chair. In early life, he spent a great deal
of lime and money in studying and perfecting projects, and still delights in
developing new methods of convenience and utility. By a life of industry and
prudent management, ho has aoouuiulated a comfortable fortune, and by his
honorable and upright nature has gained the esteem of his fellow-men. He is
the proprietor of a brick block on Main street, containing four good business
rooms on the ground floor, while the second story contains a commodious exhi-
bilinn riiom. capable of seating 000 people. The hall is a model of convenience
and safely, possessing ready means of access and egress, and thoroughness of

.lOHN L. STAKEBAKE.
.lohn L. Stakebake was horn in I'reble County, Ohio, January 13, 18.17.
lliK father, John Stakebake. was iv native of Pennsylvania, and came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1853. He was a millwright, but did little work at his
trade after locating in this county, as he died in the same year (1853). He
liml a family of eleven children, ten of whom grew to maturity, and nine arc
now living. Eight of this number are niarried. John L., the subject of this
sketch, was reared on a farm, and learned the carpenter's trade when a young
man. Ho came to llandolph County, with his father, in 1863, but returned to
Ohio in the following year, where he worked at his trade. In 1858, he was
married, in Preble County, Ohio, to Miss Mary E. Brnwiey, and in the follow-
ing year removed, with his wife, to llandolph County, Ind., and located on a
" ' ■' ■' 3uth of Winchester, where he renuiined for four years.

dof Ih

Winchester, in which he has ever since been successfully engaged. In 1864,
wliile engaged in contracting and carpenter work, Mr. Stakebake enlisted as a
private soldier in Company F. of the One Hundred and Fifty-sixth Ohio Regi-
ment, and served in the Virginia campaigns until the spring of 1805, when he
was iionorably discharged. As a business man and manufacturer, he has been
very successful, and as a citizen and neighbor ho is highly esteemed by all who
know him. In politics, he has always been identified with the Republican
party, and although never an aspirant for office, he has been called upon, at
various times, to fill local positions of honor and trust. In 1870, be was
elected a member of the School Board of the town of Winchester, and was ap-
pointed Treasurer of the Board, in which capacity he still continues to act.
He is an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and stands
high in the order. He is an upright, honorable man, and deserves and en-
joys the respect of his fellow-citizens. His wedded life has been blessed by
five children, named, respectively, Marion A., Frank E., Irma V. and Oak.
One died in infancy.

L. W. STUDY.
Levi W. Study was born August 23, 1849, in Randolph County, Ind. His
father, Levi Study, was born in Wayne County, Ind., and reared on a farm
there. He came to Randolph County about the year 1842, and purchased a
tract of unimproved land in Washington Township, within five miles of Win-
Chester. He died here, at the age of thirty-five years, in 1840, his wife sur-
viving him until 1803. Levi, the subject of this sketch, remained at home
with his mother until her decease, which occurred in March, 1863, and after-
ward made his home with his married sister, working out during the day as a ,
farm laborer. At the age of eighteen years, in the winter of 180'7-68, he began
teaching school, and continued this line of employment for two years, in the
meantime attending a summer school at Winchester. In December, 1809, he
entered the law oftice of his brother John, at Union City, and began the study
of law. Shortly afterward, he removed, with his brother to Rushville, Ind.,
and, continuing his studies there for two years, went West at the end of that
time in quest of a location. After visiting several cities, he returned to his
native county, and on the 22d of July, 1872, was admitted to the bar of this
county, and entered at once upon the practice of his chosen profession at Win-
chester. On the 1st of December, 1874, partnership relations were entered
into between himself and James S. Engle, which continued until December,
1881). Since that time, Mr. Study has practiced alone. He was married, on
the 20th of April, 1876, to Miss Louisa, daughter of Adam Hirsch, Esq., a
prominent citizen of Winchester. By this union, they are the parents of one
son — Carl A. As an attorney, Mr. Study has risen rapidly, and occupies a

rlolph C

is client.

Hei

ind

! of fur:

able as a pleader. In September, 1881, lis was appointed by Hon. L. J.
Monks to the office of Master Commissioner of this county — an office of respon-
sibility and importonce. In politics, Mr. Study has always affiliated with the
Republican parly, and during his residence at Winchester has attended every
State, county and district convention, either in the capacity of a delegate or
spectator. He is an active worker, and has accomplished good results in the
interest of the party. Ho has never held public office, and never permitted
his name to be used as a candidate. In private life, he is esteemed by all who
know him for his gentlemanly bearing and uniform kindness and courtesy. He
was one of the charier members of Winchester Lodge, No. 91, Knights of Pyth-
ias, and was the first Past Chancellor of the lodge. He is now Deputy Granil
Chancellor. He was made a Ma.son in July, 1880, in Winchester Lodge, Nu.
60. He is now Royal Arch Captain in Randolph Chapter, No. 35, Deputy Illus-
trious Master in Winchester Council, No. 20, R. & S. M., and Junior Warden
of Winchester Lodge, No. 50. He is also a member of the Commandery at
Richmond, Ind. He united with Winchester Lodge, No. 121, 1. 0. 0, F., in
June, 1873. and in October of the same year became a member of White River
Encampment, No. 50, and is now Senior Warden in the latter body.

IRA THIPP was born April 23, 1828, within eight miles of the city of
Toronto, Canada. His father, David Tripp, was born in Onondaga County, N.
y., in 1787, and was married there to Susan Weller, who was born in the
same county in 1813. The father removed, with his family, to the Dominion
of Canada, where he died in 1843. He had eight children, four of whom are
now living. Ira, the subject of this sketch, enjoyed but limited educational
advantages in boyhood, walking three miles to a log schoolhouae of the rudest
type, .and acquiring his primary education under the instructions of a teacher
as rude as the school and its surroundings. He went to the State of New York
in 1852, and after the removal to that Slate completed a course of study at
Willson Academy, Niagara County. He was reared on a farm, and during boy-
hood and youth his time was principally employed in the performance of farm
work. When cighlcen ye.irs of age, he became a clerk in a mercantile estab-
lishment, at Willson, N. V, and later engaged independently in mercantile pur-
suits. In 1S57, he located in Darke County, Ohio, where he sold goods for
several years, removing to Winshester, Ind., in December, 1864. Here ho
again engaged in mercantile pursuits, which he continued successfully for a
number of years, retiring from this branch of business in 1870. In 1871,
he was elocte<l Justice of the Peace, but resigned in 1872. In April, 1880, he
was elected Trustee of While River Township, and is now serving in that
capacity. In politics, he is identified with the Republican party, and was
elected as the candidate of that parly. In the discharge of his official duties,
he has proved himself etticient and faithful, and has won the confidence of the
public by his adniinistrjilion of the office. His jurisdiction contains an area of
more than seventy square miles, and includes twenty-one schoolhousos, besides
those at Winchester— the oversight of these interests requiring a large amount

siasm in the cause of public education. He has been a resident of Winchester
fur eighteen years, anil during this period has always arrayed himself on the
side of honor and right, establishing a good name, and gaining recognition as

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

among the best citizena of the community. He was married, in 1860, to Miss
Christina Jane Lawrence, of Darke County, Ohio. She is an estimable lady,
and a general favorite in the social circle.

WILLIAM A. THOMPSON.
Mr. Thompson is a prominent member of the Randolph County bar. He
was born August 8, 1840, in Shelby County, 111. The families of both liis par-
ents were among the earliest settlers of that county, and were prominent par-
ticipants in the events of its early and later history. The subject of this
sketch is the eldest of a family of sixteen children, fourteen of whom
are now living, and eleven married and settled in life. His early life was
spent on the home farm, working during the farming season, and attending
school during the winter. He first attended the district soliool near his home,
subsequently entering the Shelbyville High School, then known as one of the
best in the State. In 1860, he went to Moore's Hill, Ind., and became a student in
the college at that place. He spent the college year of 1800-61 in study, leav-
ing school at the outbreak of the war. At the age of eighteen years, he took
charge of the graded schools at St. Paul, Ind., and afterward taught six
months in the district schools of Shelby County, achieving fair success as a
teacher. He united with the Methodist Episcopal Church at the age of sixteen
years, and in 1862 entered the ministry of that denomination. In the follow,
ing year, he joined the Southeastern Indiana Conference, of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and traveled as n member of that body for eight years. In
1863, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary 11. Wilkinson, who died in

1865, leaving one child. After the death of his wife, he again entered Moore's
Hill College, where he spent the college year of 1867-68. In 1868, he was
married to Miss Eliiabeth S. Lamb, daughter of Judge Lamb, of Indianapolis,
and resumed his ministerial labors. On account of failing health, he withdrew
from the Conference, and retired from the ministry in 1870, and shortly after-
ward began the study of law in the office of Judge Lamb, finishing his studies
in the office of Gordon, Browne & Lamb, at Indianapolis. In June, 1871, he
located at Winchester, and began the praotice of his profession. He wns at
first associated with Gen. Thomas M. Browne, from 1871 to 1873, forming
partnership relations with Judge J. J. Cheney, in the latter year, which con-
tinued until 1874. From 1874 to 1879, he was the partner of Judge L. J.
Monks, and since the dissolution of this relation has been associated with Capt.
A. 0. Marsh. As an attorney, he has achieved marked success, and com-
bines with his legal attainments the virtues of a Christian gentleman. He is
an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Winchester, in which
he has held, and still holds, responsible official positions. He is an able and
effectual pleader, and a safe and conscientious counselor. The firm of which
he is a member have been engaged in the defense of five persons accused of
murder, during the past few years, and have gained a reputation for success in
this specialty. Although an active politician, Mr. Thompson has always re-
fused to be a candidate for public position. He is a stanch Republican, and
has canvassed the county several times in the interest of his party, with good
results. He is a man of positive temperament, firm in his convictions, and
forcible and fearless in his adhesion to principles. He is esteemed by all who
know him, as an upright, honorable man. He is identified with the Masonic
Lodge of Winchester, and is an active member of that fraternity.

RICHMOND THORNB0RG was born September 19, 1819, in Perry Town-
ship, Wayne County, Ind. In early life he learned the carpenter's trade, and
followed thatoocupation for three years. Subsequently he learned the tailor's
trade, and finding the latter more to his taste, has made it his occupation
through life; he located in Rondolph County, lud., in November, 1860, and
voted for President Lincoln two days later; he resided six years at Bloomings-
port, in this county, where he occupied the position of clerk in a store. In

1866, he removed to Farmland, and in 1867 to Camden, Jay County, Ind. In
November, he returned to Farmland, and later in the same year, located
again at Winchester, where he has ever since devoted his time and attention to
the pursuiiB of his chosen occupation ; he has achieved pronounced success in
this line, having been engaged at this vocation for thirty-five years. On the
26th of January, 1860, he was married to Miss Hannah Etta Semans, in Wayne
County, Ind. By this union they are the parents of two children, named re-
spectively Thomas M. and Myrtle May. Mrs. Thornburg is the daughter of
David Semans, who was the father of twenty-four children, sixteen of whom
are still living. Her fother died in April, 1881, aged seventy-four years. Mr.
Thornburg is identified with the Masonic fraternity of Winchester, having at-
tained the degree of Master Mason. In politics, he is a Republican ; he has
never sought nor accepted public office, but has always taken an active interest
in public affairs and the success of his party. He is highly regarded by all

WASHINGTON ULLOM was born in Virginia March 19,' 1815, and is a son
of William and Ada Ullom. He was brought up on a farm ; his parents
moved with their family to Preble County, Ohio, in 1822, and to Darke County,
Ohio, in 1825. Mr. Ullom was married in 1837, to Mary Miller, a native of
Wheeling, Va. They have had eleven children, ten living-Isabell, Ada, Sarah
J., Almira, Mary A., Rebecca, Alice, George W., William H. and Jacob A. Mr.
Ullom came to this county in 1863; owns 103 acres of land, and is engaged in
farming.

HON. THOMAS WARD.

Mr. Ward is a worthy representative of that class of citizens in this com-
munity who are justly styled our self-made men; men who have risen from
humble positions to affluence and high standing, unaided by .adventitious cir-
cumstances, and having only their own industry and native ability to thank
for their attainments. He is of the grandson of Thomas Ward, a native of North
Carolina, in which State he lived during the Revolutionary war. He was a
Quaker, and took no part in that struggle, though both the Americans and
' d unsuccessfully to force him into service. He had a brother who

British ti

was a Colonel in the American army, and a brave officer. Thomas Ward had a
family of eight childron — two sons and six daughters — all of whom, except
Sarah, the eldest daughter, emigrated to Randolph County, Ind. Joel, the
eldest son, and Joab, the father of the subject of this sketch, came to this county
in 1819. Mary, the second daughter, married Joseph Moffatt, father of Zimri
Moffatt, of Randolph County : Margery married Elias Kizer, father of Thomas
W. and Henry P. Kizer, of Winchester ; Nancy married Mr, Tomlinson, and
Lydia married Thomas Pierce ; Elizabeth married Burkett Pierce, one of the
earliest settlers on the Mississinewa in this county. She is now deceased, but
her husband still survives, having attained the advanced age of ninety years.
Joab Ward was long a prominent and influential citizen of Ward Township, and
was one of the earliest settlers of that locality. He endured the hardships and
privations incident to pioneer life, and watched the growth of the settlement
from a scattered collection of log cabins to a thrifty farming community ; and
in all the public improvements inaugurated during his life he bore a full share
of the burden. He was an honorable, upright man, and possessed the con-
fidence and good will of all who knew him. He died in 1874, and hie
remains, as also those of his wife, rest in the Friends' Cemetery at White River
Chapel.

Thomas, the subject of this sketch, was reared in a pioneer settlement, and
his early life was passed like that of all boys who have been similarly situated.
Work at home demanded the most of his time, but in the winter he was per-
mitted to attend school, and there, in one of those sohoolhouses so truly char-
acteristic of early days in Indiana, he began his education. His advantages'
were limited, but his father's house was the resort of travelers, many of whom
were very intelligent men, and took pleasure in imparting a portion of their
knowledge to the boy, who alw.tys evinced an inquiring disposition, and learned
readily. Thus, by patient study in leisure hours, and hy intercourse with
intelligent men, he laid the foundation for a splendid business education, and
was well prepared for the active life of later years. At an early age, he began
trading with his neighbors, and nearly all his transactions redounded to his
success, so that, when twenty-one years of age, he had accumulated 600 acres of
land. His first earnings were made by " deadening " timber for new purchas-
ers. He would take the contract for " deadening" the timber on these lands,
and after subletting it, usually had a profit left for himself He never retro-
graded in his financial standing; the property which he had accumulated dur-
ing the years of his minority stimulated him to greater achievements, and in
the years which followed he found his prospects brightening, and his prosperity
increasing. In 1840, he was married, and in 1841 removed to a tract of land
near Ridgeville, from which he developed a good farm. This farm was cleared
and improved by himself, and after cultivating it for four years, he removed to
Winchester, and embarked in mercantile pursuits at this point. He was thus
engaged until 1870, carrying a general stock for a part of the time, and later
in the hardware trade exclusively, while at another time he was the proprietor
of a harness shop. He was one of the first friends of the Cincinnati, Richmond
& Fort Wayne Railroad, and was one of the Board of Directors. He had
invested $36,000 in stock, but it was found that the company would be unable
to complele the road to Fort Wayne. Upon this discovery, the Directors sold
the road to another company, and by the change he lost all he had invested,
except about $3,100. In 1865, he became one of the company who organized
the First National Bank of Winchester, and served as its President until 1868.
He served a« one of its Directors at the same time, and still continues to act in
this capacity. The bank retired its circulation in 1878, and was reorganized
under the State Banking Law, and is still continued as one of the prosperous
and substantial institutions of this town. Mr. Ward has been called to fill
other places of trust of a public nature. He was the Whig candidate for Sheritl'
of Randolph County in 1841, but the party was divided against itself at that
lime, and he was defeated by the opposition. In 1804, he was elected to the
Indiana Senate, and at once arose to a position of prominence and honor,
serving on important committees. He voted for the ratification of the Thirteenth
and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United Stales, and intro-
duced a bill to admit the testimony of colored witnesses in oases where white
litigants were involved. He also introduced a bill to make the sale of liquor a
penal ofi'ense, ond served as Chairman of the Committee on Corporations. The
bill to compel railroad corporations to furnish transportation and equalize
freights was also introduced by him. He served his constituency well, and
retired from his official position with the good will of all good people. His
political affiliations were first with the Whig parly, but since the organization
of the Republican party, he has acted with the latter. He is a valuable mem-
ber, and has done eff'eclual work for the good of the party. He was never an
aspirant for political honors, and his candidacy, in both cases, was at the
solicitation of his friends. He is a man to whom defeat is intolerable, and his
political canvasses were conducted with the same vigor and energy that have
characterized his career as a business man.

By his industry and good management, Mr. Ward lias accumulated a com-
petence, and is regarded one of the wealthiest citizens of Winchester, Yet his
ample fortune has not changed his kindly nature, and among those who know
him best he is esteemed as a kind and amiable friend. His dealings with hia
fellow men have always been governed by a high sense of honor, and his integ-
rity is above reproach. He has long been identified with the temperance
movement, and has boldly arrayed himself among the advocates of public
morality and good order. Whatever seems to him to be of public benefit receives
his support and encouragement ; but he has always discountenanced what
seemed to him reckless extravagance. He has grown up with this county,
watching its progress, and lending a helping hand to its public enterprises.

He has been married four times; first, in 1840, to Sarah Ellen Tharp, who
died in 1852. He was married to Jane Swayne, of Richmond, Ind., in 1854.
She died in 1805, leaving three children. Hie third wife was Susan Lykina,
who died in 1873, leaving two children. In April, 187ii, he was united in
marriage with Laurinda, daughter of Isaiah Osborn, Esq. By this union, they
are the parents of one child.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

At the ago of eixtj-three years, Mr. Ward is still active aud vigorous-
attending regularly to matters of business— and enjoying the rewards of a life
of industry, while he possesses the esteem and confidence of liis fellow-citizens.
In 1880, he was one of the organizers of the Ridgeviile Bank, at Ridgeville, and
has been prominently identified with this institution ever since. Upon the
ileith of its President, Arthur McKew, Esq., in January, 1882, he was chosen
lis Mr. McKew's successor for the unexpired term, and in July, 1882, was
elected President for the current year. His identity with this bank has been
picatly for the good of the institution, which has prospered from the first,
while his counsel and experience in financial affairs have materiallv aided its
l.rosperily.

HON. E. L. WATSON.
Enos L., son of James and Nancy Watson, was born December 22, 1830
m Greene County, Ohio. His father was a farmer, but died while the son was
iin infant, and the later life of the latter was passed under the care of a step-
filher. In 1832, he came with his mother to Randolph County, Ind., and
located on a farm near Deerfield. The region around them was unsettled, and
lliey had no near neighbors. Their own farm was a wilderness, and the boy
spent a large share of his time assisting his stop-father to clear and improve
11. He shared the experiences incident to pioneer life, with but few educa-
tional privileges. In 1848, when eighteen years of age, he came to Winches-
ter, anxious to enter the world in the struggle for fortune, and to be his own
master. The County Seminary then stood with open door iuvitinK entrance
and from 1849 to 1862, he was a pupil in this institution, under the excellent
instruction of Prof. E. P. Cole. Later, he taught school ag a means of fur-
thering his plans for acquiring an education, but it was not long ere the
watchful people took the boy in hand, giving him active employment in the
woods and on the farms as County Surveyor. He was elected to this office in
1852, when scarcely more than a boy, and it was a well-merited compliment to
his ability, while it wns indicative of the confidence reposed in him. He per-
formed the duties well and satisfactorily through the terra for which he was
first elected, and at ila expiration, in 18fl4, was promptly re-elected for
another term of two years. During his incumbency of this office, he was
reading la,v with Judge J. J. Cheney, at Winchester, and in 1866, was admit-
ted to practice. The public seemed to be waiting for his services, for upon
the expiration of his second term as Surveyor, in 186C, he was nominated and
elected to the office of Prosecuting Attorney, in which capacity he acted nni
18C0, having been re-elected at the expiration of his first term. Ih 1862, I
was again elected to this office, serving until 18C4. In that year, he enterf
into partnership with Judge Cheney, which relation continued until 187
After the appointment of Judge Cheney to the Common Pleas bench, I
entered into partnership with Hon. L. .1. Monks. Afterward, the partnershi
relations between himself and Judge Cheney were resumed, and continued for
two years. He is now associated with J. S. Engle. In the session of 18()7-68,
he was the Representjilive from Randolph County in the Legislature of Indi-
ana, and was ag.ain called to serve in this capaoity during the session of 1879-
80. In this capaoity, as in all others in which he has acted, he proved him-
self a man of honor and integi'ity, true to the interests of his constituency
and the public welfare. Originally, his political affiliations were with the
Democratic parly, but he severed his associations with that party in conse-
quence of the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, and has since stood firmly
hy the principles of the Republican party. He purchased the Winchester
(""ttte. and converted it into a stanch Republican organ, under the name of
the Winchester Herald, conducting it as editor and proprietor until it passed
by purchase into the hands of its present owner, John Commons. Mr. Wat-
son has devoted his life to his profession, and has achieved a reputation at the
liar of which he and his descendants may justly be pioud. He ranks with the
best of his colleagues as an attorney, while as a neighbor and friend, he pos-
ses^eg the afi^ectionate regard of all who know him. He was married, in 1854
to Miss Mary M. Judd, an amiable and accomplished young lady, who has
shared with him the hopes and disappointments, the reverses and succes.ses of
Ins career throughout a period of twenty-eight years, and has won her way
into the hearts of a large circle of friends.

WArrs.

IS born Jun

15, 1

), in Richland County, Ohio. His
lainer, aamiiei watts, was at one time a prosperous merchant in the county,
hut, owing to financi.il reverses and impaired health, he turned to the woods of
Indiana in the hope of improving his fortunes. He removed with his family to
Wells County, Ind., in 1847, locating in Nottingham Township. The country
was wild and rugged, and often they shot turkeys from the door of their cabin,
while deer abounded, and bears were somelin.cs seen. Hunters from Wayne
(ounty often came to the Watta cabin, and thus many acquaintances were
urnied, which proved pleasant in after years. Here, on a little farm, between
(Jiimlcn and Bluffton, the subject of this sketch passed the days of his boyhood
:in.l youth, amid the privations and hardships incident to pioneer life inured
lo toil and self-denial. Prior to Hie removal of the family, he had attended
school in Ohio, but in the woods of Wells County he was denied this privilege.
He first attended «ehool in this State in 1860, at Rifesburg, eight miles from his
1 Henry Elslon, and doing farm work for his board. Ai-
rs old, he cut the fire-wood, fed and attended seven head
number of milch cows, fourteen head of hogs and several
of fourteen years, ho worked on the railroad in winter, in
'0 Py J_>;; wiy in school. While working for Elslon, he
id when seventeen years of age,
d Liber College. This little col-

, " , ■' •" -"' "■'"■> "f Jay County, but in after years

became famous as an inslitiition of learning. He arrived at this place with a
capital of $7.60 ; he pai.l $0 for tulition and |1..60 for music lessons and four

made rapid progress in the Rifesburg schoc
having saved a little money, he started to n
lego had been recently founded in the wilds of

the bar in 186»), and from
nolds. In 1873, he formed f

months later, left school with 66 cents , in cash, and an added store of useful
knowledge. He attended this college five terms, ending his school life in 1860,
just as the cloud of war began to thicken and lower over the country. In Au-
gust, 1861, he was united in marriage with Miss Ann Eliza Diggs, and in 1862
enlisted m (Company H, of the Eighty-fourth Regiment, Indiana Volunteers
While m the army, he served much of the time on detached duty. Durine the
winter of 1862-63, he was Chief Clerk of the General Hospital, at Ashland
Ky. In June, 1863, he was taken Ul and sent lo the hospital at Murfreesboro!
Tenn., and during bis convalescence, was transferred to Chattanooga, Tenn
There he was assigned to duty as Chief Clerk of the General Hospital, and af-
terward 08 clerk in the office of the Medical Director at Chattanooga, Teun. In
January, 1864, he was appointed Counsel of Administration, to take charge of
the cflects of deceased soldiers and forward them to their proper destinations.
A more eloquent tribute to his honor and integrity could scarcely have been ex-
pressed. In March, 1864, he came home on a furlough of thirty days, rejoin-
ing his regiment in April, at Blue Springs, Tenn., and continuing with it until
the close of the war, participating, meanwhile, in the battles of Buzzard's
RooBt, Tunnel Hill, Rooky-Face Ridge, Dalton, Resaca, Kingston, Pumpkin-
Vine Creek, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw, Neal Dow Church, Gulp's Farm Peach-
Tree Creek, the battles in front of Atlanta, Shoal's Creek, Lovejoy's, Franklin
and Nashville. Since his marriage, Mr. Watts has resided at Winchester, ex-
cepting the time spent in the army. He was mustered out on the 16th of June
1865, and returning to Winchester, engaged at the trade of a silversmith!
While thus engaged, he employed all his spare time in the study of law, aud
he office of Cheney & Watson. He was admitted to
itil 1870, was the partner of E. B. Rey-
liip relations with Capt. A. 0. Marsh.

, 1874. After that date he practiced alone. In 1876,

he was the Republican candidate for Secretary of Stole. That canvass was one
of the most exciting in the recent political history of Indiana. The State went
Democratic by a majority of about 5,000, ond Mr. Watts suffered the defeat
that came to all the Republican candidates that year. In 1880, after an ex-
citing canvass, he was nominated by the Republicans for the office of Clerk of
the Randolph Circuit Court, a position to which he was elected in the fall of
that year. He took charge of the Clerk's office in August, 1881, and has since
been engaged in the iluties of his position. During his incumbency he Has
proved himself a faithful and efficient officer, prompt in the transaction of his
duties, and polite and obliging to all whose business calls them into his office.
He is popular among the people of this county, and the majority by which he
was elected was a flattering testimonial of the high regard in which he is held.
For a number of years he has acted as a pension agent in this locality, and has
had the satisfaction of aiding many a comrade, and many a widow and orphan
to secure the relief awarded by a grateful country. In addition to his official
duties, Mr. Watts has pastoral care of the Christian Church at Winchester
He united with this denomination eariy in life, and for the past eight or nine
years has been identified with it as a laborer in the ministry. He is an able
and convincing speaker, active and zealous in the work of religion, and self-
sacrificing in his devotion to the church. In the affairs of business and every-
day life, his actions are governed by a high sense of honor and right, and he
has gained the confidence of the community in which he resides. His wife is
an e.xcellent lady, and has won her way into the affections of a large circle of
friends by her gentle manners and uniform kindness to all classes. She is the
daughter of Littleberry Diggs, one of the oldest pioneers of Randolph County.
who served as Associate Judge of this county in early days. Mr. Walts and
wife are the parents of five children, four of whom are now living. Their eld-
est daughter. Miss Inez, having graduated at the Winchester High School, is
now a student at Butler University at Irvington, near Indianapolis, and gives
excellent promise of high attainments in scholarship.

FRANCIS M. WAY was born January 10, 1830, in Randolph County,
id grew to manhood. He taught school

ived hiseducatioi

ounty for several years, and in 1863, ei
-'■ ■^-'•— " • He

3, and on Oclo

lustered in as Firsl Ser-
r 1, following, was pro-
company. At Jackson,

geant of Company B, in August,

moled tfl the office of First Lieutenant of the same

Tenn., he was granted a short leave of absence, and ci™. .„., ..j„..„„„ „,=,

bis regiment at Memphis. From that time until the dale of his discharge from
the service, he was in command of his company, and was commissioned Cap-
tain, but was never mustered as such. He was with the regiment until after
the fight at Independence, Mo., taking an active part at the head of his com-
pany. His health failed, and he was incapacitated for duty to such an extent
that he was discharged from the service upon the recommendation of the sur-
geon, and very much against his own inclinations. His discharge was made out
at Memphis, Tenn., on February 11, 1865. He was a brave soldier, and alw.ays
enjoyed the esteem and good-will of his comrades. He returned to Winchester
after the close of his army life, and resumed his place as a private citizen. In
18IUI, he was appointed Postmaster at this place, and discharged the duties of
this office with great efficiency and satisfaction to the public until 1878, when
he wns succeeded by C. E. Ferris, the present incumbent. In the spring of
1881, he went to Minnesota, with the view of making that State his future
home ; but failing to find a satisfactory location, he returned to Winchester,
and is now conducting a profitable trade as a merchant tailor and dealer in
gents' furnishing goods. In 1868, he was united in marriage with Miss Lvdia
P. Ward, sister of Hon. Thomas Ward, of Winchester. By this union they are
parents of four children, three of whom are now living. His wife is an
client liidy, and the family are counted among our best citizens.
CHARLES W. WOOLVERTON, one of the leading boot and shoe dealers
Vinchcster, was born March 21, 1836, in Bucks County, Penn. He emi-
wilh his parents to Wayne County, Ind., in 1855, where his father,
'"""' '"■ ■" des. In 1866, the subject of this sketch went

ihoemaker, having learned this trade from h

e full of tl

rned to his father's house at White

AsAHEL Stone
HenryH.Neff,
Thomas W.KizER

SECTIONS.

3 70 12 10

» ♦a 13 38

'^ '

f /Designed And Laid Out B7\
fBE>(J6R0VE.Cemetery,Enij

Peter Lasley.

Mrs Rebecca Lasley.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

329

Water, in Wayne County, and in 1857, established a shop in that town, work-
ing at his trade until the outbreak of the rebellion. In July, 1861, he en-
listed in the Nineteenth Indiana Regiment, and served in the field until August,
1862. From that time until February, 1863, he was confined to the hospital,
and was finally discharged for physical disability. Returning from (he army,
lie learned the photographer's art, but finding this pursuit unfavorable to liis
health, he abandoned it and resumed work at hia trade. He next took a stock
of goods to Anderson, Ind., and was engaged in mercantile pursuits there for
two year*. At the end of that time he returned to White Water, resuming
work at'his trade. Later, he held the position of foreman in the shoe store of
.1. M. Williamson & Co., at Richmond, Ind.. and afterward look charge of a
branch store for this firm at Lewisville, Henry Co., Ind. In 1871, he con-
ducted ft shop of hie own at Huntsville, Randolph Co., Ind., and in 1873, came
to Winchester, where for six months he was foreman for .1. T. EUioll. Later
in the same year, he established himself in the boot and shoe trade in this
town, and still conducts a satisfactory and extensive business. In addition to
the retail trade, he is largely engaged in the manufacture of a sewed brogan, or
plow-shoe, shipping annually large quantities of these to Peru. Fort Wayne,
Kokomo, New Castle, and other points in Indiana and Ohio. Throughout his
life he has been industrious and energetic, and his labors have yielded him an
ample reward in a successful business and a comfortable income. He is genial
and pleasant in his intercourse with society, and is a general favorite among
his friends. Politically, he acts with the Republican party, but has never been
an active politican, beyond exerting his influence for the success of the princi-
ples he holds. He cast his first vole for Abraham Lincoln in 1860, and has
never since wavered In his fealty to the party. He is identified with the
Masonic fraternity of Winchester, having advanced to the rank of Knight Tem-
plar. He took the Thirty-second Degree in the fall of 1881, at Indianapolis.
He is a gentleman of fine moral character, and a worlhy and valued citizen.

WHITE RIVER.

j DESCRIPTIOK.

This is by far the largest township in the county. It is from
ten to eleven miles long and seven miles wide, embraciD.g seventy-
four sections, as follows :

Township 19 north. Range 13 east— Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Township 20 north, Range 13 east — Sections 1 to 4. 9 to 10,
20 to 29 and 32 to 36, inclusive.

Township 19 north. Range 14 east — Sections 1 to 0 inclusive.

Township 20 north, Range 14 east— Sections 1 to 30 inclusive.

The township' is located directly upon White River, being
divided by that stream into two somewhat unequal portions, the
smaller part being on the north side, which is drained almost
wholly into the Mississinewa by Hickoiy, Mud and Bear Creeks.
The south side lies wholly in the White River Valley, being drained
by the upper course of White River itself, and by Salt, Sugar,
Sparrow, Eight Mile and Cabin Creeks, only a small portion in
the southwest corner lying on the latter stream. This region
was in the beginning a favorite with emigrants, and large num-
bers crowded into it from the time of its original settlement.

It is said to have been first reached, tiot by crossing from
Wayne County nor by exploration from the settlements pre-
viously made in the southern part of Randolph County, but thus:
A party of men from South Carolina struck into the White River
Valley near its mouth, and threaded its entire extent in its utter
wilderness state through what is now ten flouri,shing counties —
Knox, Daviess, Greene, Owen, Morgan, Mai'ion, Hamilton, Madi-
son, Delaware and Randolph. They rode through the dense
woods, camping out and picketing their horses at night, and
spending several weeks in the trip. What they lived on we
cannot tell; they subisted on something, however, for most of
them were still in the land of the living full fifty years after
that adventurous joui-ney. For some reasons they were not sat-
isfied till they arrived in Randolph County, a few miles west of
Winchester. The whole valley of White River was then
in possession of the Indians. Not a white man had ever dwelt
anywhere throughout its whole vast extent. The French had
planted themselves about Vincennes, and that settlement spread
from the AVabash across to the White River; but above the
French colony all was wilderness.

This party located lands for settlement, and finally in the
fall of 1810 (some of them remaining), returned to South Caro-
lina to make arrangements to bring a large company of emi-
grants from that distant country. And they came— a colony of
about thirty persons, with their wagons and their goods, from
South Carolina, across the Apalachian Mountains, through Ten-
nessee, Kentucky, Ohio, into Indiana, during the severe winter
of 1816-17, meeting the snow on the summits of the Cumber-

land Range, and keeping company therewith the whole way on-
ward, arriving at White River in March, 1817, with the snow a
foot deep, which loft not before the April following.

And now just stop and take in that traveling scene:

First, a trip from South Carolina to the lower course of
White River in Southwestern Indiana.

Second, a horseback jaunt through the entire White River
wilderness to its soiu-ces in Randolph County, and a tarry in the
woods of that region.

Third, a return trip also on horseback through the sparse set-
tlements of Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina to
the Palmetto State.

Fourth, a wagon journey from that southern land over mount-
ain and stream, over horrible roads, through the cold and snow
of that extreme winter, to plant themselves at last in the wilder-
ness, fifteen miles from any other settlers.

When they came, indeed there were some cabins for some of
them, as well as for one of the men who tarried in the wilder-
ness, and who, being a believer in the Bible in general, and in
that declaration in particular that "It is not good for man to be
alone," had gone down among the settlors of Wayne County, in
the AVhite Water A^alley, and had found a virgin after his own
heart, to whom he had been joined in the bonds of holy wedlock;
and together they returned to his chosen home, and there for
more than forty days that loved and loving cotiple dwelt in the
desolate forest alone. Years afterward that bride used to relate
how for six weeks of that first sojourn she saw no white face be-
sides that of her husband.

But the company came, and they, too, went to work, and it was
not long till not one alone, but several dwellings were to be seen
nestling among the trees.

The party who traversed on horseback the long and desolate
valley of the White River were Paul W. Way, Henry H Way,
AVilliam Way, Robert Way (a lad of sixteen, and nephew of the
rest, and son of John Way), and William Diggs, Jr.; and Paul
Way. in the fall of 1810, returned, as has been stated, and con-
ducted a company from that country to this. That group of
emigrants was as follows:

Paul Way's family, seven in all; John Way's family, seven
in all; Armsbee Diggs and wife; John Moorman and family, six
in all; George Wilson and family, five in all; making a company
of twenty-soven persons, belonging to five families.

Moorman and Wilson stopped on Greensfork (Wilson prob-
ably in Wayne County), and the rest came on.

Meanwhile, William Diggs had married, and, as already
stated, was keeping house on White River. Henry Way mar-
ried in the same way, about the same time, so that when the
whole colony there united, they amounted Ui nearly twenty-five per-
sons all Ways and Diggses. Soon after, others of the connection
and their acquaintances came from. South Carolina, among others
the father of William Diggs, Jr., William Diggs, Sr.

Note. — The tale of the trip up White River on horseback is
so romantic that it is with great regret that we are obliged to
state that William Diggs, the sole survivor of the pai-ty referred
to, declares that the trip never was taken. The party did come
to Randolph, but not by so wild and "sensational" a route as that;
yet the story is itself so excellent, and shows so vividly what
might have been done when Indiana was all a wilderness, that
we cannot find the heart to reject it from the text, but let the
" supposed incident " remain, appending thereto in the interest
of "sober truth " this cautionai-y remark, that while the story is
good enotigh to have been true, that yet, in fact, the thing did
not take place.

At nearly the same time, say in 1817, families of the Wrights
came, and also some of the Haworths, and by the summer of
1818 a large company of Wrights and others were present, inso-
much that at the first election for county officers (held August,
1818), three had the name of Wright— John Wright, Judge;
David Wright, Sheriff, and Solomon Wright, Coroner. This
John Wright in particular seems to have been an estimable man,
since he was retained as Judge by successive elections for
twenty-eight years — 1818-1846 — an event probably without a
parallel in the history of the county.

330

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

David Wright. Solomou Wright, and Thomas Wright were
Sheriffs from 1838 to 1827.

Anothpr John Wright was Commissionor from 1820 to 1822.

Two of the first Grand Jurv were Isaac Wright and William
Wright.

Two of the first Petit Jury were 54olomon Wright and Abram
Wright.

Thus in one year after they began to come, seven Wrights
were holding official positions in the newly formed county.

The Ways also were prominent Paul W. Way was apixjinted
County Agent, at that time a very important and resiwnsible
position.

Four Ways were on the tiret juries in lS18--John AVay, Will-
iam AVay, Sr., William Way, Jr., and Paul W. Way.

There seems to have been not much prejudice against "car-
pet baggere" in those days, for they hardly waited long enough
for them to become voters till they had them elevated to high
(not to say lucrative) offices.

Some others came whom there is not time to name. In
August, 1818, there were, according to Hon. Jero Smith's state-
ment| fifty or sixty families on White River and Salt and Sugar
Creeks, all of whom are supposed to have been in the present
bounds of White River Township.

We give some dates that are accessible:

1817— Simon Cos, east of Winchester; Benjamin' Cox, oast
of Winchester; William Kennedy, near Mount Zion Church;
Solomon Reynard, on Eight Mile Creek: John Wright (Hominy),
west of Winchester.

1818 — Absalom Grey, east of Winchester.

1819— John Coats, east of AVinchester; Lasley, south

of Winchester; David Lasley, south of AVinchester; Peter Las-
ley, south of Winchester; Robinson Mclntyre, near Maxvillo;
Zachariah Puckett, near Dunkirk; Joseph Puckott, near Dunkirk.

1820— Henry D. Huffman, west of AVinchester; Tarlton
Moorman, west of Winchester; Albert Macy, west of AVinchester;
Thomas Puckett, near Dunkirk; Isom Puckott, near- Dunkirk.

1821 — James Driver, west of AVinchester; Morgan Mills, west
of AA'inchester.

1822 — Stephen Clayton, west of AVinchester; James Clayton,
west of AVinchester; John Robison, east of AVinohestor; AV. Robi-
Bon, east of Winchester; Mary Reeder, near AVinchester; Mar-
tin A. Reeder, near AVinchester.

Of course there were other prominent families, among whom
wore the AVysougs. the Elzi-oths, the Edwardses and the] Star-
bucks, besides others too numerous to mention, and very many
of whom are to the writer utterly unknown.

ENTRIES.

Note.— AV. N. W. 18, 20, 14, means west half of the north-
west quarter of Section 18, Township 20, Range 14, etc.

There ai-e in the township about forty-seven thousand throe
hundred and sixty acres.

The early entries were as follows:

Shubel Ellis, N. E. 18, 20, 14, November 30, 1814.

George AV. Kennon, S. E. 20, 20. 13, September 10. 1815.

William AVav, Jr., AV. N. AV. 23. 20, 13, February 7, 1816.

John Clark, S. E. 13, 20, 13. March 8, ISIO.

AViUiam AVav. N. E. 22, 20, 13, June o, 1810.

Henry AVav,"N. AA'. 22, 20, 13, Juno 5. 18 Ki.

AVilliam D"iggs, Jr., N. AV. 24. 20, 13, September 27, 1810.

AVilliam Haworth, S. AV. 17, 20, 14, October lU, 1810.

Henry K. AVay, N. E. 27, 20, 13, October 2(t, 1810.

Tarlton Moorman, S. AV 13, 20, 13, October 2U. 1810.

James AVright, N. E, 17, 20, 24, December 4, 1816.

Solomon AVright, N. W. 17, 20, 14. December 4, 1816.

Antipas Thomas, S. E. 17, 20, 14, December 4, 1810.

John AVright, N. E. 20. 20, 14, December 4, 1810.

David AVright. N. AV. 20, 20, 14. December 4, 1810.

Jesse Green, N. W. 27, 20, 13, December 5, 1816.

John Ballinger. S. E. 27, 20. 13. December 5, 1816.

Thomas Gillum, S. AV. 27, 20, 13. December 5, ISlfi.

William Haworth, S. AV. 24. 20. 13, December 7, 1810.

John Moore, S. E. 18, 20, 14, December 7, 1816.

John AVright, N. W. 24, 20, 13, January 10, 1817.
Joseph AVright, AV. S. E. 24, 20, 13, Januarj 10, 1817.
John Sample, N. i N. h, fractional 3, 20, 13, January 16, 1817.
Charles Conway, N. E. 29, 20, 13, May 0, 1817.
John AVright, N. E. 21, 20, 13, May 8, 1817.
D. Potty, N. E. 22, 20, 13, May 8, 1817.
Meshacii Lewallyn, N. AV. 32, 20, 14, June 1, 1817.
Isaac Barker, S. E. 23, 20, 14, June 4, 1817.
Jesse Ballinger, S. E. 34, 20, 13, June 4, 1817.
Ai-msbee Diggs, S. W. 18, 20, 14, Juno 26, 1817.
Jeremiah Meeks, E. S. E." 22, 20, 14, June 30, 1817.
Caleb Wickersham, S. E. 29, 20, 14, July 1. 1817,
Charles Conway, S. E. 20, 20, 14, July 1, 1817.
Jacoli Miller. N. W. 28, 20, 14, July 31, 1817.
John Dodsar, S. AV. 15, 20, 14', July 31, 1817.
William Way. Jr., W. S. E. 22, 20, 14, August 11, 1817.
H, H. AVay, S. W. 22, 20, 24, August 11, 1817.
John Smith, N. W. 27, 20, 14, September 1, 1817.
Benjamin Cos, S. E. 15, 20, 14, September 11. 1817.
John Cos. S. AV. 14. 20, 14, September 11, 1817.
William Hockett, N. E. 32. 20, 14, September 12, 1817.
David Stout, S. W. 20, 20, 14, September 15, 1817.
Jonathan Hiatt, N. E. 21, 20. 14, September 17, 1817.
Chi-istopher Hiatt. S. E. 19, 20. 14, September 17, 1817.
Jonathan Edwards, N. AV. 29, 20, 14, September 29, 1817.
James Springer, N. W. 34. 20, 13, October 4, 1817.
Isaac Everett, S. AV. 21, 20, 14, October 23, 1817.
Amos Hodgson, S. \V. 33, 20, 14, November 5, 1817,
Isaac AVright, N. W. 14, 20, 14, November 15, 1817.
Daniel Hodson, N. E. 14, 20, 14, November 19, 1817.
Joshua Cox, Jr., N. E. 15, 20, 14, November 19, 1817.
James Moorman, S. AV. 23, 20, 13, November 21, 1817.
Jesse Mooi-mau, N. AV. 19. 20, 14, November 21, 1817.
Jeremiah Moffatt, N. AV. 22, 20, 14, December 1, 1817.
Thomas Garrard, S. E. 23, 20, 14, December 0, 1817.
Zachariah Hiatt, W. S. AV. 22, 20. 14, January 8, 1818.
Zachariah Hiatt, E. N. E. 27, 20, 14, January 8, 1818.
Christian Shell, S. E. 21, 20, 14, January 19, 1818.
Rene Julian, N. W. 20, 20. 14, January 19, 1818.
AVilliam Kennedy, W. N. AV. 2, 19. 14, February 6, 1818.
Benjamin Cox, N. E. 35, 20, 14, February 6, 1818.
Benjamin Cox, S. W. 25, 20, 14, February 0, 1818.
Albert Banta, E. N. E. 23, 20, 13, February 7, 1818.
Valentine AVysong, E. S. AA'. 35. 20, 14, February 25, 1818.
A''alentine AA^ysong, E. S. E. 32, 20, 14, February 25, I8l8.
Thomas Leonai'd, AV. S. AV. 28, 20, 14, March 6, 1818.
Jesse Brown, N. E. 25, 20, 14, March 23, 1818.
Jesse Brown. AV. S. E. 3, 19, 14, March 23, 1818.
Bichai-d Mendenhall. S. E. 24, 20, 14, March 24, 1818.
Jeremiah Rinard, N. E. 3, 19, 13. March 24, 1818.
Nathan Mendenhall, N. AV. 13, 20, 14, March 24, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, S. AV. 29, 20, 14. April 7, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, N. AV. 30, 20, 14, April 7, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, S. E. 35, 20, 14, April 7, 1818.
William Diggs, AV. N. E. 23, 20, 13, April 15. 1818.
Samuel Charles, N. AV. 15. 20, 14, April 15. 1818.
Nicholas Longworth. N. E. 33, 20, 14, April 20, 1818.
Albert Banta, E. S. W. 3, 19. 14. April 21, 1818.
Joseph Moffatt, S. E. 10, 20, 14. April 23, 1818.
Henry Mouford, N. E. 3, 19, 14, April 27, 1818.
AV. B'rooks, E. S. E. 30, 20, 14, May 25, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, W. S. E. 1, 19, 14, June 15, 1817.
Nicholas Longworth, N. 33, 20, 14, June 21, 1818.
John Elzroth, N. i- 6, 19, 14, July 2, 1818.
John Elzroth, S. E. 33, 20, 14, July 13, 1818.
John Irvin, N. E. 5, 19, 14, July 15, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth. E. S. E. 5, 19, 14, July 30, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, N. E. 19, 20, 14, July 30, 1818.
Nicholas Longworth, S. W. 19, 20, 14, July 80, 1818.
Nicholas Long^vorth, N. E. 31, 20, 14, August 5, 1818.
Paul AV. AVay, AV. N. AV. 26, 20, 13, August 7. 1818.
Daniel Puckett, N. W. 25, 20. 13, October 26, 1818.
Thomas Puckett, N. E. 26, 20, 13, October 26, 1818.

Resof L Bounder. White River Tr Randolph Co. Indiana.

^

k^-^

Res.of John Van Pelt, White Ri»er Tp. Randolph Co. Ind

TOHK^IBSi^

tfi '^^^'''^-4f^^^.JL^ hZSlHh VLZ\

Mrs Edward Wright

^i3»«^wi^^^

Residence of Mrs. Edward Wright. White River TrRandoiph Cd.Ino.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

331

James Marquis, S. E. U, 19, 14, Novmber 27, ISIS.

John Hawortb, S. W. 20, 20, 13, December 7, 1818.

David Fairfield, S. E. 14, 20, 18, January 12, ISl'J.

Joseph Puokett, S. W. 34, 20, 13, January 18, 1819.

Joseph Smith, W. N. E. 13, 20, 13, March 1, 18 U).

Zachariah Pucketfc, N. 3, 19, 13, April 7, 1819.

Tarlton Moorman, S. W. 25, 20, 13, April 15, 1819.

Jesse Moorman, N. E. 35, 20, 13, April 15, 1819.

Joseph Crew, N. W. 30, 20, 13, April 15, 1819.

llobison Mclntyre, E. N. W. 23, 20, 13, August 13, 1819.

Thomas Garrett, S. E. 0, 19, 14, December 4, 1819.

Moses Hiatt, E. S. W. 22, 20, 14, January 28, 1820.

Jesse Green, fractional 28, 20, 13, February 5, 1820.

John Way, E. N. W. 18, 20, 14, March 31, 1820.

Godfrey Sumwalt, Sections 21 and 28, 20, 13, Sept. 10, 1820.

W. and P. Larch, Sections 33, 20, 13, September 8, 1S20.

Isom Puckett, W. N. E. 34, 20, 13, November 20, 1820.

Eli Hiatt, N. h 33. 20, 13, November 11, 1821.

Jesse Moorman, N. E. 21, 20, 13, November 25, 1822.

James Clayton, E. N. W. 21, 20, 13, April 2, 1823.

Stephen Clayton, E. N. E. 20, 20, 13, April 2, 1823.

Robinson Mclntyre, E. N. W. 20, 20, 13, April 2, 1823.

Morgan Mills, W. N. W. 20, 20, 13, August 14, 1823,

Jesse Mardick, E. N. E. 9, 20, 14, August 22, 1823.

Stephen Huffman, W. N. E. 20, 20, 13, October 25, 1823.

Benjamin Packett, N. E. S. W. 35, 20, 13, Jiuie 18, 1824.

William Hawkins, S. i 33, 20, 13, December 23, 1824.

Uriah Moorman, E. N. E. 4, 19, 13, May 2, 1825.

John Irvin, N. W. 5, 19, 14, January 28, 1820.

James Wright, W. S. W. 30, 20, 13, Februarv 24, 1820.

Jonathan Johnson, S. W. N. E. 36, 20, 13, March 28, 1820.

James S. Cloud, E. N. E. 30, 20, 13. October 17, 1820.

Jesse Tomlinson, E. N. E. 3, 19, 14, October 17, 1820.

Joseph Hickman, N. W. N. W. 1, 19, 14, December 15, 1826.

John Coats, W. j N. E. 23, 20, 14, April 22, 1827.

Littleberry Diggs, S. | N. .V fractional 3, 20, 13, May 24,
1829.

James Clayton, W. N. W. 21, 20, 13, August 20, 1829.

The number of entries and acres for each year are given be-
low: 1814— one entry, 100 acres; 1815— one entry, 100 acres;
1816 — eighteen entries, 2,800 acres; 1817 — thirty-five entries, 5,-
352 acres; 1818— forty entries, 15,837 acres; 1819— nine entries,
1,280 acres; 1820 -six entries, 1,128 acres; 1821— one entry,
135 acres; 1822— one entry. 110 acres; 1823— six entries, 480
acres; 1824 — two entries, 130 acres; 1825 — one entry, eighty
acres; 1820 — sixentries, 420 acres; 1827 — one entry, eighty acres;
1828 — two entries, 154 acres. Total number of entries, 130;
total number of acres, 18,318. Average for each entry, 140 acres.

In the five years, 1810-1820, inclusive, 108 entries wore made,
embracing 16,397 acres, or about 3,279 acres per year.

The first church wiis probably Dunkirk, built by the Friends,
and during many years an important center of moral and relig-
ious light and activity. Temperance and anti-slavery found
from the very first its spring and power for good largely among
the body of Friends at that place. But the glory of Dtmkirk
has departed; the old church stands tonantless and forsaken,
and oven the graveyard seems woe-bogone and forlorn, neglected if
not forgotten. The chiu-ch was built in a beautiful grove, open
but shady, and as one stands gazing at the old edifice and the
graveyard near at hand, and thinks of the more than sixty years
that have rolled along since men began to gather among those
shades for the worship of the "Unseen," and lay their dead
silently and reverently away beneath that consecrated ground, ho
can scarcely realize how changed is the cmTent of public feeling
and how the channels of thought and sentiment and desire flow per-
manently elsewhere.

ROUTES OF TRAVEL.

Several chief routes of travel pass through White River, viz:
From Richmond; from Centerville and from New Castle to Win-
cheater; from Greenville to Muncie; from Winchester to Fort
Wayne, via Deertield, pass almost centrally through its extensive

territory, well nigh large enough for a county of itself. Pikes
run fi'om Winchester in every direction. The routes to Lynn, to
Huntsville, to Windsor, to Deertield. to Greenville, to Jericho, and
the two roads to ITnion C'ity all extend along its surface.

Two railroads cross it — the Bee Lino from east to west, and
the C. R. & F. W. from north to south, intersecting at AViu-
Chester. Winchester and Maxvillc are the only towns within
its limits, Unionsport and Buena Vista, however, being upon its
Iwrders, and their northern half upon its soil. Sampletown was
in White River but it was an abortion.

White River is a very largo and thriving township. It has
Kiu-face enough for two good townships, having about seventy-
four equare miles. Lying as it does aroimd Winchester, with
that important town nearly in its center, there seems to be no
suitable way to make a i)roper division of its territory, and nj)
to this time it remains entire. There are twenty-two school dis-
tricts within its bounds, not including the corporation of A\'in-
chestor.

It is remarkable that White River, though so large and so
rich a township, and though it has nearly twenty miles of track
within its bounds, has btit one raihoad town to accommodate its
numerous population. In fact, there never has been within its
bounds any towns besides Winchester, except Maxvillo. And
Maxville is for purposes of trade practically extinct. So tliat
for seventy-fom* miles of territory this immense township can
boast of but one town. There are, indeed, two small and unim-
portant villages on the lino in the southwest corner - Buena
Vista and Unionsport. but for business they present very few
attractions.

The pikes in White River are somewhat n

The Windsor pike has about seven miles in the townshiji; the
two Union pikes five miles each in the township; the Deorfiold
pike about six miles in the township; the Lynn pike about four
miles in the townshi}); the Huntsville pike about four miles in
the township; the Greenville pike about three miles in the town-
ship; the Buena Vista and Unionsport pike about foiu- miles (ou
the township line), making at least eight distinct linos extending
through the township.

It has direct communication by pikes with most of the towns
in the county; with Union City, Deerfield, Randolph, Farmland,
Windsor, Losantvillo, Unionsport, Buena Vista, Huntsville
Lynn, Bloomingsport, and Arba, and indirectly with Spartans-
burg. The northwestern townships, Franldin, Green and Mon-
roe, ai-e nearly destitute of graveled roads. Within two or
three years, the spirit of improvement in that respect is rising in
that region, and it is to be hoped that the people there will
hunt up their gravel bods and got the gravel out where it belongs
— on the highways.

MISCELLANY.

White River, though destitute of towns (except the county
seat), is nevertheless a fine, rich, well-improved region, with
many good farms and many fine dwellings.

White River is bounded north by Mom-oe, Franklin and Ward;
on the east by Wayne; on the south by Greensfork, Washington
and West River; on the west by Stony Creek and Monroe,.

It is a remarkable fact that White River touches every other
township in the coixuty but two — Green, in the extremis ■ north-
west, and Nettle Creek, in the farthest southwest. It is: abounded
by eight townships as above, and corners with ime, Jackson, in
the extreme northeast.

Such another township as to situation may not exist, per-
haps, in the nation. Another notable fact exists as to Wliite
River, that it is the only conti-al township in the county, and as
to the others, that every one reaches the external boundaries of
the county, all being arranged ;u-ound and outside of AVhito
River Township as a common central region.

Township 19, Range 13— Section 1, 1832-30; Section 2,
1833-37; Section 3, 1818-33; Section 4, 1825-30; Section 5.

332

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Township 20, llange 1 8— Sections 1, 10, 1880; Section 2,
1830-37; Section 3. 1817-38, John Sample, January 10, 1817;
Section 4, school land; Section 9, 1837-38; Section 11, 1837;
Section 12, 1836-38; Section 13, 1816-30, Tarlton Moorman,
October 16, 1810, and John Clark, March 8, 1810; Section 14,
181U-37; Section 15,1832-39; Section 16, school lands, sold
1833-30; Section 20, 1823-31, Bobison Mclntyre, April 2, 1823;
Section 21, 1822-34, James Moorman, November 25, 1822; Sec-
tion 22, 1816-31, William Way, Juno 5, 1810; Section 23, 1816
-19, William Way, Jr., February 7, 1810; Section 24, 1816-33,
William Diggs, Jr., September 27, 1810; Section 25, 1818-37,
Daniel Puckett, October 20, 1818; Section 26, 1815-31, George
W. Haworth, September 10, 1815; Section 27, 1810, Henry Way,
October 29, 1810 (rest December 5, 1810); Section 28, 1820-32,
Jesse Green, February 5, 1820, Godfrey Sumwalt, September 16,
1820; Sections 29, 32', 1830-30, T. T. Teaglo (400 acres), Febru-
ary 12, 1830; Section 33, 1820-31, W. and P. Search, Septem-
ber 8, 1820; Section 34, 1817-32, Josse Ballingor, Juno 4, 1817;
Sections 35, 30, 1819-39, Jesse Moorman, Josopli Crew, April
15, 1819.

Township 19, Kange 14— Section 1, 1830-38; Section 2,
1818-37; Section 3, 1818-30, Jesse Brewer, March 23, 1818;
Section 4, 1831-38; Sections 5, 0, 1818-30, G. W. Hines, John
Elzroth, July 15 and 21, 1818.

Township 20, Range 14— Sections 1, 11, 12, 1837-38; Sec
tions 2, 4, 0, 1830-37; Section 3, 1832-37; Section 5, 1830-38;
Section 7, 35-30; Section 8, 1832-36; Section 9, 10, 13, 26,
35, 1818-37, James McGuiro, Joseph Mofiitt, Richard Menden-
hall, Bene Julian, Jeremiah Oox; Sections 14, 22, 1817-31, John
Cos. Wright and Petty; Sections 15, 19, 21, 29, 32, 33, 1817-
IS, John Dod.son, Hiatt, Wright and Petty, Charles Conway,
Luollou Elzroth, Wysoug, Hockett, Hodgson; Section 16, school
land; Section 17, 1810, all entered December 4, 1810, Solomon
^\'right, Jnmes Wright, William Haworth, Antipaa Thomas, one-
(juarter each; Section IS, 1816-40, John Moon, December 7,
1810; Section 20, 1816-17, David and John Wright, December
4, IS 16; Section 23, 1827-37; Section 24, 1S18-37, Richard
Mendeiihall, March 24, 1818; Sections 25, 30, ISIS, Benjamin
Co.t, N. Long\vorth; Sections 27, 31, 1817-3(), John Smith; Sec-
tion 28, 1817-34, Jacob Miller, July 31, 1817; Section 34, 1830
-37; Section 36, 1831-38.

Ma.rvi.lle. — Location, Section 20, Township 20, Range 13, on
White River; Robison Mclntyre and Robert Cox, propriotore;
twenty-six lots; streets, north and south, Railroad avenue. East;
oiust and west. Main. Recorded May 28, 1850. [Note. — The
town was estfiblished many yeai-s before that dat«, about 1832.]

The town was laid out in about 1832 by Robison McIntjTO.
It stands on Section 20, Township 20, Range 13, and is located
on the Winchester & Windsor pike. The town plat seems not
to have been recorded till May 28, 1S50. The commencement of
business and the ostablishiiient of the town, however, dates back
to 1832. Solomon Seamaiis built the first house, and kept the
first store; he also had a hot«l and was a physician. For a time
a largo amount of business was done. Masvillo became the cen-
ter of a brisk and thriving trade. Thorn have l)een at one time
l>laces of business as follows: Two smith shops, one grist-mill,
three stores, two physicians, one saw-mill, one church, one
schoolhouse, two limekilns, one lodge. A., F. & A. M., one lodge,
I. O. O. F., one post office. It might in time have become
uu important town, if the old order of things had continued, but
the Bellefontaine Railroad was built and missed the town about
a mile, running, also, on the other side of the river, and be-
sides, farmland started uji on the railroad, about a mile
off, and our aspiring, hopeful little " burg"' became a doomed
town, and its business has long been almost wholly lost. In
fact, no business proper is done in the ]ilace. The grist-mill is
still in operation in the suburbs, and so are the limekilns. The
schoolhouse is there, and the meeting-house stands near, and the
old cemetery still raises to sight the sad memorial stones, the
melancholy tokens of the final resting-place of friends long
since taken from earth. The mill is in good repair, possasses
a substantial reputal ion, and does excellent work, standing on

White River and propelled by water-power. The lime made
there has an excellent name, selling readily and rapidly. Each
of the two kilns bm-ns twelve times a year 400 bushels each.
Often the lime is sold as fast as it can be loaded into wagons
from the kiln.

There are now about ten good residences in the village, and
the town has a plea-sant"" appearance. The church belongs to the
Episcopal Methodists. The cemetery ia of long standing and is
filled with graves, and a new burying-ground has been estab-
lished acro-ss the road from the old one, and contains already
many tombstones.

The country around has been long settled, the residents near
there coming in, many of them, from 1810 to 18:^.0. The farms
are under good improvement, and there are many fine rasidences.
The Windsor & Winchester pike, one of the oldest pikes in the
county, has been built for many years. This road was originally,
and for a long time, the grand thoroughfare between the East
and the West, and it was thronged with travel of all sorts for
many years. In fact, till 1852, at the opening of the railroad,
the amount of travel passed along this route amounted some-
times to hundreds of wagons per day. Thousands of cattle and
sheep have been known to pass within a single twenty-four hours.
The "taverns" on that road in those days were well patronized,
and many a landlord made money by the business, oven at the
wondi-ously low prices in vogue at the time. The charges used
to bo 37.J cents for man and horse overnight, including supper,
lodging and breakfast for both. The boys of those days, now
old men, remember how they had often to sleep in the barn or
the hay-mow to accommodate travelers with lodging. But those
days are long past, and there is not a country hotel from one
end of the coimty (or hardly even of the State) to the other.

New Dai/ton. — It is a hamlet; not incorporated; on Section
2, Township 20, Range 13. It is not laid out as a town, but is
simply a little hamlet with a name. There has been a store for
twenty-five years, and a smith shop for thirty- six years. Lately,
a wagon shop has been set up. There is also a church and a
gravoyiu'd. Larmon Sherman keeps the store. Mr. Cwna owns
the smith shop. Wesley Cams (son of tho above) runs the wagon
shop. The meeting-house was built in 1877. It belongs to the
Episcopal Methodists. The graveyard has boon there a long
time and it is much used. A post office has been granted, and
a new mail route throiigh that region has boon set on foot, with
mail three times a week. The mail delivery covers a circuit of
throe to five miles. L. W. Sherman is Postmaster. There is no
pike and no railroad. Tho region around New Dayton is well
settled with indiLstrious and thriving farmers.

Sampletown. — Was on White River, two miles oast of Mux-
ville. Judge Sample entered land thero, January 16, LSI 7
(Sections 3, 20, 13), and laid out Sampletown very early, but it
never flourished. His mill and a tanyard were near, and wcm
operated for some years, but the town as such never really began
at all, and oven its name has bocm extinct for thirty years. The
Sample farm was not far east of tho new boundary. Some of
tho timbers of tho old mill are to be soon on the banks of the
river, but the tan-yard has been all gone for years.

In May, 1820, a road was laid from Sample's mill to Hunts-
ville, and another, in 1825, from Sample's mill to Lowallvn's
mill (Ridgevillo). Henry .Samiile, son of old Judge Samjile," re-
sides at La Fayette. Judge Sample left in 1845, for Iowa, and
died some years ago. Ho was a prominent citizen. Sample's
mill is thought to have been the firet mill on White River, and
it stood there many years. It may have been the first mill in
the county. Lewallyn's mill, at Ridgevillo; Sample's, on White
Rivor, and Jessup's, on Gvoonville Crook, north of Spartansburg,
appear to have been built not very far from tho same time. Some
say that a mill built by a Mr. Wright, near Winchester, was tho
first in the county.

Veninii. — There seems to have been, at some time away back
in the "beginning of things," a town by the name of Vernon.
One of tho roads laid out by the CommiBsioners is said to end at
tho principal street of the town of Vernon. No one now seems
to know tho location of that ancient site. Probably it is identi-
cal with what is popularly known as "Sampletown," on the

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Windeor road, west of Winchester. A town was begiin there,
but it did not flourish and soon died away. The name which
lived in the popular memory is Sampletown, from Mr. Sample,
who settled there very early, as soon as 1820 or sooner. He
built 8 mill on White River; Lis son established a tan-yard and
laid out a town, and the locality is called Sampletown to this
day, yet the real name may have been (and probably was) Ver-
non. The place is at the sohoolhouse, at the "Corners," just
south of the iron bridge, near Stephen Moorman's, where the
north and south road crosses White River, and five miles west of
M'inchester, on the lino between Sections 21 and 22, 20, 13. Tho
locality appears in old times to have been well known, or it
would not have been the point for tho termination of a road; yet
it seenifi strange that the name of Vernon has faded entirely from
tho jwpular memory.

U'iiicliesfer.—lH in Whit« River Township, but its history is
given in another part of this work.

BIOOllA-PHT.

Thomas Addington, Sr., w;i8 bom in 1778; married Tamar
Smith in 1807 (who was born in 1780). He died in 1«89, aged
sixty-one years, and she died in 1845, aged fifiy-nino years.
They moved to Wayne County, Ind., in 1807, three years before
Wayne was a county, and nine years before Indiana was a State.
There were then only throe counties in Indiana Ten-itory, viz.,
Knox, Clark and Dearborn. They came to Randolph County,
Ind. (Span'ow Creek), in 1884. He and his wife rtxie horseback
from North Carolina to Wayne County, Ind., in 1807; they had
during their lives thirteen children, as follows: Hannah, bom in
1806, died in 1854, aged forty-sis years; Matilda, born 1810,
died 1811, aged one year; David, bom 1812, died 1818, aged
one year; Jesse, 1814, maiTied Margaret Sullivan, has had
three children, lives on Bear Creek, is a fanner; James, born
1810, married Susan Kelly, has foui- children; Mercy, born
1819, married Littloberry Diggs. and then Joseph Hawkins, has
had one child — Calvin AV. Diggs, and resides at Collott Station,
Jay Co., Ind. ; Josoish, bora 1820, married Susan Sullivan, has
seven children; George, born 1823; Mary, born 1823, married
Roberts, has thirteen childi'en; Elizabeth, married Mar-
shall W. Diggs, they have eight childi'on, he has been jiasto."- of
tho Congregational Church at Pisgah, near Fort Recovery, Ohio,
for twenty-three years; Thomas, bom 182U, see account else-
where. There were two more, names not given.

Rov. R. Brandriflf, Piqua, Ohio. The annexed sketch is so full
of interest, and throws so much light on the early history of the
county that we insert it, though possibly not in the most appro-
priate place.

Mr. BrandrifiFwas bornabont 1800; he became a preacher very
young, and, in 1822, was appointed to the Greenville Circuit by
the Annual Conference, in session at Maiuetta, Ohio, Septemlwr,
1822; his colleague was Moses Crumo, and tho Presiding Elder
was Alexander Cummins, and tho circuit belonged to the Miami
District, His predecessors were James Collard, Benjamin Law-
rence, J. P. Diu'bin and William Hunt; his successors were
James Murray, Silas Calvin, Isaac Elsbury, Benjamin Lawi-once,
Amos Sparks, Elijah H. Field. In 1822, the Greenville Circuit
included all of Preble and Darke Counties, Ohio, all of Randolph
and part of Wayne Coimty, Ind.

Mr. Brandriff states the matter thus: "We traveled from Chen -
oweth's, in Darke County, Ohio, to a brother Canada's (Will-
iam Kennedy's), a few miles from Winchester, from there to
Winchestei'. Winchester was then right in tho woods, a very
new place. My recollection is that there were two streets running
at right angles, and on tho northwest comer,* was a log house, at
which I preached. I think the name of the man was Odle, at
any rate he was father-in-law of George Ritonoiu-. at whose
house wo preached on tho Mississinewa, near Deorticld. From
this jilaco I went to Smnwalt's on White River. The good peo-
ple had blazed the trees from Ritenour's to Sumwalt's, and I fol-
lowed thora as my road. From this place I went to Hunt's, and
from Hunt's I followed an Indian trail to tho EaatFork of White
River, as there were no roads in that direction. When I arrived
at AVhitowator, I found a farm and a kind family who enter-

tained mo. I made their acquaintance, obtained permission to
preach in their house, formed a chiss and had it as a regular
preaching place. Tho family was one by the name of Williams.
Insco Williams, the painter and pro])rietor of the Bible Panorama,
which was so celebrated many years ago, and which was burned
at Philadelphia, was a son of this family, and so also was Dr.
Williams, now of Kansas. From hero we went to Wiggins', or
Now Garden, or Newport, as since called. From there we wont
to Now Paris, and preached in the house of John Cottom, who
haa since been a resident of Wiuchoster. I will only add here
that I am the lirst Metbodi.st who ever preached in Richmond,
Ind. It was in the summer of 1822; some brother on the Oxfoi-d
Circuit, which I was then traveling, made the arrangements.
They had heard of the boy preacher, and desired that I should
visit them. A friend entertained me. I preacluHl in a small
schoolhouse, and was astonished at the interest tho good Qnakn-

This for Mr. Brandriff. He is still living, a sprightly old man,
at Piqua, Ohio. During anti -slavery times, Mr. B. joined the
"True Wosleyans," and was a preacher in their connection.
What he is now we do not know.

Simeon Brickley, Maxville, born in 1822, in Preble County,
Ohio; came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1813; married Eliza
Ellen Mclntyre; has four children, including two maiTied
daughters. Mr. Brickloy is a farmer, a Methodist and a Repub-
lican; he is also a lime- burner, owning a splendid lime quarry
on tho banks of, and on the bod of White Rivor; he has biu-ned
as many as eighteen to twenty kilns in a single year, now about
eight or ten kilns a year, from 0(M) to 800 bushels in a kiln.
The other kilns in the neighborhood are smaller. There are
tluree sets of kilns— Brickloy, Mclntyre, McNeos. The St^ate
Geologist says that deeper down might be found building stone
in abundance, of an excellent quality, but none of tho proprietors
have tested the matter. Mr. Brickley has taken no rock
deeper than five feet. Tho rock that is quarried for lime
is from two to six inches thick. Tho deposit of lime passes di-
rectly under the channel of tho river, and they qmirry stone from
both sides of the stream.

Stephen Clayton, born in 17S8, in Maryland; man-ied Mary
Chivens; came to White River about 1822.' entered 120 acres of
land west of the 'Boundary;' hohiid eight^children; seven grew
up and four yet survive. He died in 1834, and his wife in 1850
His sons own alx)ut 1,200 acres of land.

James Clayton (brother of Stephen), bom in Maryland in
perhaps 1798; came to Randoljih County in 1822; m.-uTied Abi-
gail Way (sist<;r of Paul W. Way); they had no children; ho
lived many years on his farm west of Winchester, afterward mov-
ing to Winchester, to Middleboro, and linally to New[K>rt, where
ho died some years ago. His wife died at Winchester in Janu-
ary, 1S80, while on a visit there. Mr. Clayton was an Abolition-
ist, a Wesleyan and a Republican; ho was a sterling citizen and
an oamest Christian, active in every good work, though so lirm
and stern as not to be altogether genial in his intercourse with
his fellow-men.

Thomas Clevenger, White River, was the son of Jonathan
and Sarah Clevenger, of Warren County, Ohio, both of whom
died in 1870; ho was tho third of ten children and the eldest of
seven surviving; he was born in 1 81 0, in WaiTon Coimty, Ohio, and
moved to Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1829; married Mary A.
Clarion, in 1839; moved to Randolph Coimty, Ind., one mile
from Arba, in 1845, and to White River Township, five miles
east of Winchester, in 1 803, where he has resided over since.

He has had ten children, six now living; ho has been a farm
er throughout his life; ho has hold several positions of honor
and trust — Appraiser of Real Estate for Randolph, 1859; County
Commissioner. 1868 to 1877. He came to Randolph early
enough to get twenty-five years of log-rolling and to clear uj)
100 acres of her virgin forosi

As an oflficer, Mr. C. has been noted for his stern integrity
and his fiiiu resistance to every attempt to filch money fi-oni the
treasiu-y. Persons who wished for fat jobs would bo fotmd cry-
ing out against his administration, but the people said, "Well
done, good and faithful servant" by a double ro-elocfion. How-

334

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ever, though frugal, he was not parsimonious, and when the
county, though strong and ricli, had been for years without a
court house, he (with the other members) felt that the time had
come to wipe that disgrace away and to redeem her fame by
erecting a court house, which should be an honor in time to come;
and, against great opposition and much detraction, the board
went forward and accomplished the task, faithfully and well.
By this bold and manly course, he lost a renomination to a fourth
terra. The retiring members felt satisfied with their own action,
believing that time would vindicate them, which it has done.
Kaudolph has a court house of ram and wondrous beauty, built
at a cost marvelous for its cheapness; the debt incurred is now
paid, and jirobably not a man now wishes to go back to the time
\\iion this great and rich county had to go begging for a court
room. ]Mi-. C. is a worthy example of a diligent, thriving, hard-
working farmer, proud of his calling, honoring his vocation, com-
manding the esteem of his fellow-citizens and cheerfully and
thankfully enjoying, not a fortune, but a competence, the worthy
result of his life-long faithfulness, industry and frugality.

The Coatses have been and still are numerous in this region.
They are of Scotch descent, and a brief account of their ancestiy
may be found in connection with the life of Rev. John Coats,
late of Coatsville, lud.. but now residing in Randolph County.
Throe brothers. Robert, James and William, belonging to the
"House of Coats" and the family of the thread-makers, of Pais-
ley, Scotland, came to South Carolina before the Revolutionary
war, but at what exact date cannot now be stated. These
brothers settled in Carolina and i-esided there till their death.

John Coats, the first of the name in Randolph, was the son of
William Coats, one of the three brothers emigrants from Scotland,
above named. William Coats was the son of Philip Coats, of
Scotland, and a sister of William Coats was the mother of Rev.
John Coats, of Coatsville, elsewhere noticed. William Coats
had a large family, at least seven of whom came to the North-
west from Carolina, as follows; John Coats, William Coats, Jo
sei)h Coats, Hepsy (Wright), Rhoda (Wrench), Hetty (Han'isou),

(Beanblossom). John Coats was born in Carolina in ]7S();

married Sally Wright, daughter of Thomas \Vright. in ISOT (she
wiis born in 1789); they came to Ohio soon afterward, and. in
181'.J, moved upon AVhito River, Randolph County, lud. John
Coats and Thomas AVright, his father-in-law, lived for awhile
near Covington, Ohio, upon what are now the famous and valu
able stone quan'ies at that place. While residing in that region,
the Indians were troublesome. There was a fort not far off, and
I hoy moved into it for safety, the mother leading one child by
(lie hand and carrying the other at her breast.

At one time, Mrs. Thomas Wright and her daughter, Mrs
John Coats, were emptying meal into a barrel. An old Indian
came into the honse. He said nothing, coming in itnobserved,
1ill he had reached the middle of the room. His hunting-knife
had^lip])pd around in fi'ont, and, as he undertook to move it
liack u[>on his hip, they thought ho was going to kill them. The
rhildren were lying on the bed, and the women forgetting all
ab(uit them, ran wildly past the Indian out of the house. Recol-
r«ting the children, they rushed back, and, seizing them.

vith the

lolo

dl, to the shelter of the fort. Mr.

Wright coming home in the evening found them there, and w;
inucli siirj)risixi at the fact. The Indian was peaceable and in-
f.-nd(Ml no harm.

Thos(. families came to'Darko County, perhaps in 1809. and
lived th.'re , luring the war ,f IS]] K], undergoing the manifold
hav.lhliips and dangers of Ihai pciilous time. Messrs. Coats and
\\'right n-nioved, in IMU, \,> liaudolph County, Ind., and, in
process nf years. th"ir <lesc(>ndan(s beeame very numerous in that
whole I'ogion, as well as elsewhere.

John and Sally Coats were the parents of foiu-teen children;
seven were born before ihnv emigration to Randolph County,
Ind., and seven afterward. The names of the children areas
follows: Thomas W., bom 180,S, six children, died .18(i8; Isaac,
born 1810, eight children, died 187(i; Charlotte (Hiutt), born
IS12, ten children, widow; Charity (Coffin), born 1813, si.vteen

children, widow; Betsey Rose, born 1815, died 1816; William,
born 1817, four children, living; James, born 1819, six children,
and he is now living; Mary (Pogue), born 1821, four children,
widow; Gabriel, born 1S24, ten children, killed at Vicksburg by
the bursting of a shell, he belonged to the Fifty-fourth Indiana
InfantiT, Capt. Carter; Joseph, born 1820, nine children, died
1878; John, born 1828, died 1833; Lewis, born 1830, six chil-
dren, lives in Kansas; Andrew, born 1833, one child, and is
dead; Dempsey, bom in 1835, has six children, and is living m
Miami County, Ind.

John Coats entered eighty acres of land three miles east of
Winchester; he was a farmer and a chair-maker. At one time,
he held the office of Justice of the Peace, and his jurisdiction
extended at fii-st to Fort Wayne, and possibly, to tne noi-thei7i
limit of the State. Mi-. Coats was County Commissioner during
several year's. In religious connection, he was a Friend; in poli-
tics, in olden time, a Whig, and in later years, a Republican.
His death occm-red in 1878, he being ninety years old; his wife
had preceded him three years, her death taking place in 1875,
and her age being eighty-six years. Twelve of their childi-en
gi'ew up and were married and had families. All the sons and
all the sons-in-law but one were Republicans. A re-union of
the connection was held about twenty years ago at the family
homestead, at which about 300 descendants of John Coats were
present. Several other like gatherings have since taken place,
with the attendance of hundreds of children, grandchildren, etc.
During later years, many of the relatives have removed from the
county, yet a large number still remain.

At a re-union held near Harrisville, in the summer of 1882,
at the request of Rev. John Coats, of Coatsville, nearly two him-
fh'ed of the connection were present. William and JosefJi
Coats, brothers of John Coats, Sr. , did not reside in Randol})h
County.

William Coats (son of John Coats, Sr.), was born in Ohio in
1817, was brought to Randolph County in 1819, and married
Mary Moffatt, in 1837; they have had four children, all living
and all married; his wife and himself are both living; he owns
sixty-four acres of land east of AVinchester, is a sound Repub-
lican and a worthy and esteemed citizen.

Rev. John Coats, of Coatsville, Ind., was born in England, in
the town of Lockton, Yorkshire, in 1810; his father was Robert
(!oats, who was the son of Robert Coats, who lived upon the es-
tate which had been in possession of the family for 300 yeare,
and doubtless will be for 300 years in time to come. John
Coats is the lineal descendant of the famous Coats family of
thread-makers, of Paisley, Scotland, who have come down from
the fourteenth century to 1882, filling in rank and business every
station of enterprise and usefulness among men.

The Coats family are found in every State and Territory,
the sole rejn-eaentative in Wasliington Territory being the only
son of Rev. John Coats. Gloriotis record! Failures, indeed,
there have been, but, on the whole, the family ju'esents a bright
and shining scroll of honor and integi'ity and success. They are
a numerous lino tlrrough six centuries, comprising twenty-four
generations of active, energetic men. They extend far back of
oven that ancient time. They were once free shepherds of Rome,
feeding their fiocks upon the fertile pastures of sunny Italy,
and. mayhap, are joined through the back-extending agON
of the past with those who watched their flocks by night on
the j)lainB of Bethlehem in the sacred land of Judea, when
angelic strains resounded through the midnight air, announcing
to their ' astonished ears a Savior born — the wondrous babe of
Bethlehem.

J. C. spent three years in searching through the 500 volumes
of English history to find the traces of his ancestors. On the
tented field they led their flocks, in the laud of ancient Rome,
and afterward. b\it how ho cannot tell, they became dwelKrH
upon the soil of Britain. In the fourteenth century, the fanaily
were divided. King Henry II, directed that every man of age
might choose his own calling, and part chose farming and part
chose to be Khe])herds. One gi'oup went to England and one to
Scotland; one branch spelled their name Coata and the other
Coates.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

335

Rev. John Coats was born in England; came to Canada in
his ninth year; lived among the Indians for live yoare with no
companions but the dusky sons of tlie forest, and in 1S20 his
homo was transferred to Northern Ohio, in the neighborhood
where lived the Garfield family, and still again, to the banlcs of
the Mad Kivor. Many a time has he been chased by the wolves,
as his iiarents dwelt in the deep, dark forests; he has more than
once seen his father and mother seated, one on each side of the
huge cabin fire-place, weeping bitter tears because they had no
food for themselves and their children, and knew not how nor
where to obtain it, being sixteen miles from a white inhabitant.
Haidship and poverty and toil have been his lot; but now, thank
God, as ho stands trembling on the brink of the grave, ho can
look back and say with the sacred writer, ' ' I have been young,
and now I am old, yet I have never seen the righteous forsaken
oor his seed begging bread."

"When young, in England, the family were very poor, yet
when a lad seven years old, J. C. had himself earned 30 shil-
lings " tending crows." The gentlemen keep immense rookeries,
with, perhaps, one hundred nests in n single tree, and, in time
of harvest, they have to be watched. AVhen twenty years of age,
he could not speak a word of English, though born and bred in
England. Broad, rough, rugged " Yorkshire" was all ho knew;
he could not tell a letter in a book or make a character with a pen.
After his marriage and the birth of his first child, his wife said,
"John, I don't want to be the mother of thy children while thou
art so ignorant as thou art." And he built a sohoolhouse and
went to school and leai-nod to read and write, and kept on study-
ing and acquiring knowledge till he might have graduated in the
medical schools of the times. But he cared not for the empty
honor of a conferred degree, and went back to his farm. Ho
has never been sick (except a brief attack of paralysis), has never
had a 2'li.y'^'<=i''"i f*^el o^f hisfle.shand never tooku potion of medi-
cine; and" his only am, a man in middle life, can tnithfully sav
the same. Ho is' now engaged iu ti-aveliiig through the country
visiting his niunerous relatives and gathering uji u liistor}- of the
Coals connection.

And both branches of the family have prospered and greatly
helped the world to achieve success. As an example of high re-
sults may be named Mr. Boycr. of Lancaster County^ I'enn.,
wlio maiTied the daughter of H<nn-y Coats, and who has a world-
wide fame as a jirince among agrioultm-ists, k-nown and lionored
in France, in England, in llussia. in Germany, a.s well as
throughout America itself. Among scholars may \x^ named Rus-
sell Coats, eminent in physiological learning among the scien-
tists of the day.

They have everywhere been noted for energy, for decision,
for strength, for hardy endiirance and for firm and steady perse-
verance against every ob.staclo and against hai\lshii)s in tlieir
severest fonn.

Benjamin Cox, "White River, born in North Carolina about
1785, moved to Ohio in LSlMi, and to "White River, east of Win-
chester, in the fall of 1817: he manied Ann Rhoads and hnd
eight children— William, .John, Ruth, Ann, l':i(i,'iic<., Lydia.
Mary. Benjamin. All grow iip. were manied and had faiiiili<-s,
and throe .-ire still living. He entered land on AMiite River and
lived there till ho died (in ahcnit ]N."i2). sixtv-seven years of age:
he was a recorded minister among Friends-. "his work was accept-
able and useful; his wile die.l in her -ixtv third year, while her
hnsbiuul was absent (m a religions lui.ssiou in North Carolina (he
was gone tibout three montjis). Mr, Cox also taught schcwl,
having tiinght the first school in the settlement, about 182(1 jn-ob-
ably.

Littleberry Diggs, White River. w;is born in South Carolina
in t7y3; hewaH the son of William Diggs, Sr., and a brother of
"William Diggs, Jr., now called '-Old Billy Diggs'' and still
living, residing at Earlham, Iowa. L. D. married Lydia Way, in
South Carolina in 1811. Ho (-migrated to Randolph Conntv in
1817; his wife died in 1827, and he married Hannah Menden-
hall, March 11, 1841, dying himself in IS- Id. He had eleven
children, eight by his first wife and three bv his second; his
second wife" has lived' a widow thirtv-five years, residing at the
present time with Isaiah P. Watts, her s.m-in-lr.w, in \\-inchester.

The children of Littleberry Diggs wore these: Lucy (Macy),
born 1812, resides in Iowa; Caroline (Thomas), born 1813, died
in 18+4; Eveline (Overman), born 1815, lives in Southwestern
Kansas; Lvdia, died young; Littleberry C, 1820, died 1850:
William "\Vay, 1822, died young: Marshall AVay, 1824, resides
at Pisgah, Ohio; Benjamin Franklin, 1827, died at Lawrence,
Kan., 1880: Ann Eliza (Watts), bom 1842, resides in Winches-
ter; Francis C, born 1845, resides in Kansas; Elizabeth, born
1843, died at seven years. Littleberi-y Diggs was at one time
Associate Judge of Randolph County.

Henry Edwards, White River, was born in Guilford County,
N. C, March 2, 17<.)5; married Polly Hamiltim. October fs,
1815; came to Wav-no County, Ind., in the fall of 1821, and to
Randolph County in the spring of 1831 ; died at tho residence of
his son, Hamilton Edwartls, November 0, 1881, aged eighty-six
years, six months and tyvo days. He had been married sixty-
six yeai-s, and had resided on his homestead fifty years; he is the
father of eleven children, and his wife is living, still, as also
seven of tho children. He was, in early life, a A^'hig, and later,
an Anti-slavery man, and still later a Republican; in religion,
a Friend, and in occupation a farmer.

Mr. E. was biu'led in the Friends' Cemetery, at White River
Meeting-House, in the i)resence of a largo and sympathizing as-
sembly. The discoiu'sG was delivered by Rev. Nathan Butts
fi-om the text, " When a few years ai-o gone I shall go whence I
shall not rotm-n. " — Job, xvi, 22.

Tho sm-viving childi-en are four boys and three girls, all of
whom wore present <at the funeral. Their son Hamilton occu]iies
the homestt^ad, and the ngeil widow still views the old familiar
scones, upon which, for half a century, they have rested. She
was born iu 17'.I8, in North Cai-olina. Seven of her childr.>n
were daughters and foiu- sons. Four girls are dead and three
are living, as are also tho four,pons.

Edwards Family.— There were six brothers— William, Eli.
David, Robert, Henry and Jonathan. Some of them came from
North Carolina aboiit 1818 to Randolph County. William was
Judge for many years, emigrated to Missomi and died foiu'
years ago, a very old man. Eli died near Indianapolis, perhaps
ten years ago. Hemy remained in Randolph County, and died
in the fall of 1881, more than eighty years old; his wife is living
still with her son Hamilton, south of Winehestor. Jonathan
Edwards also ended his days in Randolph County, four or five
years ago. Robert died in Randoljih Comity more than forty
years ago. Henry, Eli and Jonathan settled south of Winches-
ter. Robert bought land and settled northwest of the same
place. David did not come to Randolph. Eli was Shorifl" of the
county for some years during tho early times.

John Elzroth lived near Henry Edwards (their farms joining).
Mr. E. wa,s an early settler and died on the Miami Reserve, in
the fall of 1880, more than eighty years old.

There was another sot of Elzroths, ono of whom was Justice
of the Peace in Wiuchest'or more than forty yoai-s. and a brother
of his died at the age of noarij' or (piite ninety years, in the
southern ]>art of the State, in the siting of 1881.

Other earl V settlers were John Irving, Mr. Hill, David Wv-
son-. Millis Willnioi-e, John Lykins, Jones Lvkins, tho McNeals,
Jacob, White. F.llv Her, Ellis'Pugh, Abram Karnes, the Laslevs.
the Heastons, Christopher, Jacob, Big Dave, Little Dave, and I'n-
clo David (making three Davids). John .Monks, the Elzvoths, Jo
Locke. H.Mirv White, etc.

All the r.rothers l':<lwar(1s (five in numberj left North Caro-
lina togelher. Henry stopped a year or two near Richmond,
and then moved up into Randolph, and had resided in the vi-
cinity of \\inclies(er more than sixty years.

Jacob I'isher, Wliite River, was" born in Pennsylvania in
1811: came to Randolph County, Ind.. in I82(i: married DeHlu
Ruble, in IS:!7: had a largo fami'ly of children; resided on White
River, some miles west of ^^'inchest(u•, and died some twenty

John Fish."]', White River, came from Peunsyivania to Ohio,
and from Ohio to Randolph County. Ind.. in 1^824; he had fif-
teen children: twelve lived at home at ono time, a ratlier lively,
wide-awake family, ono would think. Mr. F. has been dead

336

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

more than forty years; he was a Methodist; his children have
mostly moved away to the M'est; he lived in White Eivor Town-
ship near White liiver.

Absalom Gray, White I^iver, bom in North Carolina in
ll'.)C>; came to White Kiver in 1818; married Margeiy Cos (sister
of Simon Cox), and afterward, Mary Pickett, who is still living;
he had fourteen children, eleven grown, eleven married and
eight living; two in Randolph County, three in Iowa, one in
Missouri, one in Nebraska and one in Oregon. A. G. entered
eighty acres of land in Randolph County; moved to Iowa in
1845, and died there in 1875, seventy-nine yeai-s old; he was a
fanner by occupation; in religion, a Friend; in politics, a Whig,
an Abolitionist and a Republican.

Simon Gray, White River (son of A. Gray), torn in 1826 in
White River; married Nancy Smith, in 1846: has had four chil-
dren, three of whom are now living; he is a farmer, and a thi-iving
business man; his residence was burned down a few years ago, but
he has built another fine dwelling. S. G. is an enterprising and
influential member of religious society and of the community;
he is a Friend and a Republican.

Stephen Harris, born in North Carolina in 1787; married
Hannah Mace (who was born in 1784); came to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1831, and settled east of Winchester two miles. He
bought land of Samuel Cox, 160 acres for $223, entirely unim-
proved. He resided there nearly all the rest of his life, but died
at CheiTV Grove at the house of his son, William Harris, with
whom he had made his home for a time. ^ His death occurred in
1857, in his seventieth yeai-; his wife died near Farmland in
1864. aged eighty years and three months. She, too, was resid-
ing with her son William.

Mr. H. was a farmer, steady, sober-minded, thoughtful, in-
dustrious, upright; he was an Abolitionist and Anti-slavery
Friend, and altogether a worthy citizen and a valuable member
of society; he had five children — Benjamin, living on Sparrow
Greek, farmer, six children; William, died in 1869, six children;
L»avid, three children; Henry, died in 1854, seven childi-on,
Stephen, living in Winchester, single.

They wore all Friends and all Abolitionists, and all lived to
1)0 grown and married; they were every one bom, moreover,
in North Carolina, and came with their father to Randolph
County.

Stephen Han'is' father, Jesse Harris, came to Wayne County,
Ind., in 1843, a very old man aged ninety years; ho was bom in
1753, and died a few weeks after his removal to this State; ho
was of Virginia stock and of English descent.

When Ste])hen Harris came, in 1831, some of the settlers were
as follows: Benjamin Cox, Joshua Cox, Isaiah Cox, Simon Cox;
Thomas Ward, an old man, grandfather of the present Thomas
Ward; Joseph Moffitt, son-in-law of Thomas Ward; Thomas
Pierce, brother of Burgett Pierce, still living near Deer-
field; John Cox; John Coats, an old man, father of Joseph
Coats, late of Union City, Ind.; William Coffin, an old man;
Joel Ward, brother of Joab Ward; Zachai-iah Hiatt, Jonathan
Hiatt. These all lived east of Winchester. John Walker and
HaiTison Rawson had been old settlers, but they went with the
Mormons.

Jonathan Hiatt, father of George Hiatt, who lives on the pike
oast of Winchester, was born in North Carolina about 1770; mar-
ried Rachel Williams in North Carolina; moved to Virginia be-
fore J805; camo to Champaign County, Ohio, in 1810, with
oight children, and to Randoli)h County, Ind., in 1818, with ten
chikh-on, and two wore born in Randolph, making twelve in all.
All gi'8w up and were marriBd, but only two are now alive.

He was a farmer, and he settled near "White River Meoting-
House, east of Winchester, in March, 1818, entering half a sec-
tion of land; ho died in 1836, sixty-six years old, and his wife
in 1871, aged eighty-one years, in Wabash County; ho was a
Friend, a Whig and a strong Anti-slavery man; an active tem-
perance man, a good scholar and an estimable citizen, with good
reputation iind highly respected.

His chiklren were John, had eight childrn, died in Montgom-
ery County, IntL; Silas, had nine children, died in Wabash
County, Iiui.; Josiah, six children, died in Grant County, Ind ;

Jonathan, twelve children, died in Jay County, Ind. ; Geotgo,
nine children, living near Winche.ster, Ind.; Nathan, six chil-
dren, living at Peru, Ind. ; Martin, five childnm, died in Iowa;
Richard, seven children, died in White River, Ind. ; Lydia
(Harris), eight children, died in Wayne Countv, Ind. ; Marv
(Cox), seven childi-en, died at Lynn, Ind.; Rachel (McDonald),
four children, died west of Winchester; Sarah (Coats), four
children, died in White River.

J. H. has had eighty-four grandchildren; he was the second
settler in the White River settlement, east of Winchester, Ben-
jamin Cox being the first. John (^ox came next, about 1S20,
and therf were no others till that time. Mr. Hiatt lived in a
camp at first, but before very long built u hewed log house of
only one story. There were but seven or eight hands, and the
work took them two or three days.

Henry D. Huiifman, White River, was born in 1803 in Vir-
ginia; came to Ohio and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1820; he
man-ied Eliza A. McNees, in 1831, and Mary J. West in 1866;
he had thirteen children; was a farmer and teacher, and entered
160 acres of land just east of the Twelve-Mile boundary; he was
prominent as a teacher in that early time, having had many of
the children of the pioneers under his tuition. At one of the
Old Settlers' re- unions, held at Winchester some years ago, when
he was about seventy years old, a class was formed by him from
among the members of the association, his old "school boys,''
and had a " spelling bout," which excited much interest and con-
siderable merriment. Mr. H. died in 1870 in his seventy-third
year.

Barnabas Hunt, White River, was born in North Cai-olina in
1798; came to Ohio in 1804. While there, his father had his
property taken because he would not join the ai-my in 1812.
They came to Waj-ne County, Ind., in 1816. Barnabas maiTied
Hannah Lewis, daughter of Evan Lewis, in 1817; his wife was
born in 1802; they moved to Farmland (thi-ee miles south of it)
in 1847. He had three children. By occujiation, ho was a
farmer; as to religion, a Friend; in politics, a Whig, an Anti-
slavery man and a Rej)ublican, He died in 1874, being sov-
enty-five years two months and twenty days old.

Thomas Johnson, VtTiite River, born in Franldin County,
Va., in. 1702; married Mary Matthews; came to West River,
three miles north of Huutsville, in 1833; entered eighty acres.
White River, 1830; exchanged his eighty acres for 240 acres;
moved to Kansas in 18('i7, died in 1872; had ten children, seven
living; was a farmer; first a Democrat, then Free-Soiler and
Republican; was a Methodist Episcopal for nearly sixty years:
his wife died a year before him.

George Johnson, born in Virginia m 1818; came to Ran-
dolph County in 1833; married Charlotte Cook, 1845; no chil-
dren; moved to Winchester in 1 873 ; farmer till 1873; since that
money-lender and gardener; Democrat; was a member of the
Town Council two yoai-s.

Endsley Jones, White River, born in North Carolina in 1810:
came to Wayne County, Ind. , in 1816, and to Dunkirk, Randolph
County, in 1831 ; married Lydia Wright, daughter of (Hominv)
John Wright and sister of Solomon AVright (Cabin Creek) in
1837; h.-is had four children, thi-ee living and married; bought
forty acres of second-hand land; has owned three forties; was
brought up a Friend, but joined the "New Lights" fifteen
years ago; was an Abolitionist, and is a Rei)ublican; was an ac-
tive stockholder in the Underground Railroad; once had a nar-
row escape from being miu'dored by a slave-holder in search of
slaves; is a hale, sju'ightly old man and a respected citizen.

Mi-H. Endsley Jones — Lydia (Wright) Jones was the daugh-
ter of John (Hominy) Wright, and sister of Solomon
Wright, now living on Cabin Creek. She was the youngest
but one of fifteen children. Her father brought eight chikh-on
with him to this county; four had come before, two married and
two unmaiTied. Lydia was bom Octolwr 5, 1817, tlu-ee weeks
after her father got here, September, 1817. Her father was
born in 1775, and died in 1851, aged seventy-six yeare. Her
mother was born in 1777, and died in 1867, ninety yeai-s old,
being strong in mind and memory as long as she lived.
Eight of the fifteen children are living still (1880). One is in

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

337

Oregon, one in Iowa, two in Minnesota, one in Kansas, throe in
Indiana. Her father entered 1(50 acres of land

Nathaniel Kemp, bora in Frederick County, Md., in 1813;
came to Montgomery County, Ohio (near Germantown, Ohio), in
1824; married Margaret Byles, in 1835; came to White Eivor,
Randolph County (Kemp place) in 1841 ; bought 200 acres: has
owned OyO acres, but it is now distributed among tlie children or
otherwise disposed of. He has had seven children, all living
and all man-ied, as follows: One daughter in Chicago, husband
a merchant; one daughter in Kansas, husband a farmer; one son
in Winchester, dry goods: one daughter in Winchester, widow;
one daughter in Winchester, husband owns block on the south-
west corner, opposite Roinheimer's; one son west of homestead,
farmer; one son east of homestead, farmer.

N. K. has been an extensive farmer, stock-dealer and busi-
ness man. In his prime, he was very prominent and widely and
favorably known. Ho was Commissioner of the county six
years; Sinking Fiind Commissioner eight years, etc. In the
latter cajiacity, he traveled extensively over the State, looking
after forfeited land. The busiue.ss of the fund was finally closed
by the State's taking it, and paying the interest to the school
fund. The amount transfei-red to the State at the closing up
was about $500, 000. Mufth land had been mortgaged to the fund,
forfeited and sold, and much of the land mortgaged to the fund
proved to be worthless.

Gov. Willard borrowed $7,000, and 1,200 acres of land were
forfeited and sold. Jesse D. Bright also had borrowed a large
amount, and the fund mostly lost it

Mr. Kemp is now in feeble health, and is no longer affluent;
his first wife died, and his second mai-riage w.is ill-advised and
unfortunate, and a divorce was obtained; his property has
been scattered, and he now finds himself in his old ago a poor

In his prosperity, ho was energetic for thi' public good, and
Randolph County will long have reason to remember Mr. Kemp
as an enterprising, public-spirited citizen; ho was a Whig, and
has been and is a Republican.

Isaitih W. Kemp, White River, was bom in 183'.( in Mont-
gomery County, Ohio; came to Randol]>h County in 1841 ; mar
ried Molly Wysong, and iifterward, Ellon Hippenhoimer, in
1875. He h.'ia but one child; is a farmer; owns 147 acres, and
has lately built a beautiful residence, at a cost of $3,(K)0 or
more.

Ml-. K. enlisted in Company H, Eighty-fourth Regiment;
was a])pointed First Sergeant, promoted First Lieut.tinant and
mustered out First Sergeant with the regiment. Mr. K. is an
active, thoroughgoing farmer and bu-siness man, and stands^high
among his fellow-citizens.

William Kennedy, White River, was born about 1797, and mar-
ried Nancy Tharpe, in 1814; they had no children of their own,
but raised, partly or wholly, fourteen childi'en; they came to
Wayne County, Ind., in 1810, and to Randolph in tho spring of
1817; stayed there nine years and returned to Carolina in 182(),
coming back to Randolph before long.

W. K. broke his thigh in his old age, and died from the
effects of tho wound in 1876, aged seventy-nine j'ears. Mrs.
Kennedy is very feeble ( 1880), being eighty-three years old. (She
died in the spring of 1881.; They, wore active, warm-hearted
Methodists, and their house was long a preaching i>lace, and the
" circuit rider's home. "

Mr. Kennedy was a man of good judgment and sound dis-
cretion, and much respected fis a citizen: he served at least one
term as County Commissioner The worthy couple used in early
days to ride horseback to Ritenour's, on Mississinewa, west of
Deertiekl, to attend class and circuit preaching.

Note 1. — Some think that William Kennedy came in 1815,
which date will agree better with some statements made by Mrs
Kennedy, although she gave tho date 1817.

Note 2. —The tombstone gives his age seventy-seven years
five months and seventeen days, which would make him born in
1798, and, according to her date, only sixteen years of age at
their marriage. Her date of his birth is 179(5, which would make
him only eighteen at maiTiage, and seventy-nine or eighty at

death. Wo cannot reconcile these dates nor tell which of them
are accurata They lie buried side by side in Mt Zion Come-
toi7, near tho place of their former residence.

Rominisconce-s — Nancy Tharpe Kennedy. " My husband wont
to Cincinnati to enter land (1(50 acres), and I had to stay here in
the woods, all alone, miles and miles away from any white peo-
ple, being only a girl of seventeen years. My husband was an
orphan boy, but Qod kept his promise. The Indians wore very
thick in the vicinity. They were constantly passing to and fro.
The principal trail was three-fourths of a mile south of us. I
used to be afraid, for I was just a girl seventeen years old, and
they were painted all up like fury. They were very kind, how-
ever, and we were kind to them. We would give them bread
and meat, and they would be satisfied. One day one of tho In-
dians asked my husband " What is your name? " "Kennedy,"
" AVell, Kennedy, No Indian ever kill you — you kind to Indian."
I have seen gi'eat numbers of Indians. Sometimes squaws would
ride along on their nice ponies. Squaws would never walk. I
have known twenty or thirty Indians to pass at one time. There
was one Indian who often stayed with us; ho was very kind and
civil. I never saw an Indian drank in my life. Some of tho
Indians wore white and fair.

'■ Charles Conway and John Wright lived near Winchester,
though the town was not then laid out."

Elisha Martin, White River, was born in 1812 in Butler
County, Ohio; married Susan Kelly, in Cincinnati, in 1831;
came to Randolph Coimty, Ind., in 1832; settled first on Salt
Creek, and in two years came to his present home, southwest of
Winchester, forty-eight yeai-s ago. They have had nineteen
children, twelve of whom are now living and maiTied.

The children are as follows: Oliver, 1832, six children. Jay
County, Ind., tile-maker; Mary, J 834, died at thirteen months;
John k., 1837, five childi-en, brick and tile-maker; David, 1837,
dead; Amy, 1839, eight chikh-on. White River; William, 1841,
fom- children, Winchester Bank; Abby, 1843 (Macy- Ruble),
three children. White River; Phebe (King), 1845, four children,
Missouri; Frances, 1847, died at twelve days; Elisha, 1848,
three children, Winchester, tile-raaker; Susan (Ashville), ]8l9,
three children, White River; Mary K., 1850, three children,
lives at home; Catharine, 1852, died at eight days; Asahel,
1855, Jay County, tile-maker; Daniel, 1857, one child, White
River, farmer; Charlotte, 1859 (Si)angler), four children.
There were three others, names not given.

Ml-, M. was a brick-molder in his early life, and has worked
partly at that and also as a farmer; his wife and himself are
hearty and sprightly; he was vorj' strong and active in his youth,
and retains his vigor and agility, notwithstanding old "ago is
creeping surely on.

John Martin, father of Mrs. Mary A. Reeder, Winchester,
was born in Allegheny County, Penu., in 1773; he came to War-
ren County, Ohio, before 1794; was a soldier in tho United
States Army in the Western Indian wars, being with St Clair
and Gen. AVayne in 1794 and 1795, and with Gen. Harrison at
Tippecanoe and the Thames, in 1811 and 1813, and with Col.
Croghan, at Fort Stephenson; he came to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1822. settling one and a half miles southwest of Win-
che.ster on M^hite River; he entered eighty acres (see entry list);
he was a gi'eat hunter, a regular pioneer, and, when settlements
became too thick, he left and went to Missoiu-i (1833;; he died
in that State in 1839. He was an enthusiastic admb-or and sup-
porter of Gen. Jackson He married Sarah Updegraff^ in 1 79(), '
and was the father of five children.

Robison McIutjTo. White River, was a native of Pennsylva-
nia, born in 178(5. He removed to Butler County, Ohio, in 1807,
and came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1819. In 1813, he mar-
ried Mary Taylor, who was born in 1787. They had eight chil-
dren, seven gi-own and married, five living now. He came to
Maxville in 1825, and laid out the town in 1832, which, however,
was recorded in 1850. He was raised a Presbyterian, but in the
West he joined the Methodists. He was an active and prominent
man in the community. He died in 1871, in his eighty-sixth
year, and lies buried in the Maxville Cemetery. His wife died
in 1854, aged seventy-two yeai-a

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Hiram MendeubaU, Unionsport, born in North Carolina in
l-SOl, moved to Clinton County, Ohio, in ISOO, and to Randolph
County, Ind., in 1837. He married Martha Hale in 1820, and
they had ten childr.m, seven of whow ai'e now Jiving. He wont
t<i California in 1850, and died June Hi), 18r)2, while on the way
lioiiio from the Golden Land beneath the setting sun. He was
a millwright and a miller. He built two mills, and his brother,
Nathan Mendenhall, built one also, where one of Hiram's mills
had burnt down. The whole family were ingenious, and seemed
to be machinists by nature. Hiram Mendenhall always had two
shops, a wood shoj) and a smith shop, and did his own repairing.
He was led away by speculative notions at one time, and was
persuaded to start a " community " at Unionsport, between 1842
and 1840. Eight or ten families joined in the movement. It
continued only two or three years, ending disastrously to the
parties engaged, especially to Hiram Mendenhall, who bore
nuich, perhaps most, of the expense of the experiment. Ho was
a strong and earnest Abolitionist, being the one who was selected
to present the famous petition to Hemy Clay at Bichmond, Ind.,
asking him to emancijiate his slaves. The design had been to
make the request in a quiet, unobtrusive manner; but, when
asked when he would receive the petition, Mr. Clay told them to
present it in public. They did so, and he employed the occa.sion
to make what seemed to the Anti-slavery men present a cruel
and causeless attack upon Mr. Mendenhall and the opinions he
re])resented, though, doubtless, the pro-slavery partisans regarded
Mr. Clay's address to Mr. Mendenhall as only a richly merited
and well executed castigation for what they called his ill-timed
impertinence. But nearly forty years have fled and joined the
ages before the flood, and Hem-y Clay and Mr. Mendenhall were
summoned on the self same day by the Judge of the living and the
dead, before His dread tribunal, to give an account of their
stewardship, and now there is at length, after so long a time,
" no slave-hunt in our l)ordBra, no slave upon our land." The
Aliolitioniats, and Mr. Mendenhall as their spokesman, were ex-
tensively condemned for their supposed impudence in making
th(iir presentation in public; whereas that was Mr. Clay's own
work, and intended, doubtless, to enable him to make a more se-
vere attack upon Mr. Memlenhall and the Abolitionists in gen-
eral. Hiram Mendenhall was at one time an extensive land-
owner, being possessed of more than one thousand acres of reeal
estate in Randolph County. The unfortunate, though brief, so-
cialistic experiment greatly weakened his financial ability, and
he went to the land of gold to renew his waning fortunes; but
d(^ath claimed him for its own, and what availed gold, or houses,
or lands? Afar from the spot of his nativity and the homo of
his manhood, on board ship in the Gulf of Mexico, Hiram Men-
denhall took the last look upon the scenes of earth, and ])lunged
alone into the great unseen! His wife long survived him, dy-
ing, still a widow, August o, 1880, aged seventy-nine years one
month and twenty-four days, having outlived her unfortunate
husband more than twenty-two years. His sons who are living
— Joseph, Amos, Nathan, Jacob, Samuel and Janu^s —excepting
Nathan, now reside at Unionsport They mostly incline to what is
known as Spiritualism. Henry Clay and Hiram Mendenhall died
im the same day — Juno HO, 1852 the one at his homo at Ashland,
Ky., the other among strangers, on board a homeward bound
ship, in the Gulf of Mexico, falling a victim to the dreadful chol-
era on his journey to hip. home find his friends. It pleased the
haughty politician, in the day of his power, to browbeat thedo-
sinsed Aljolitiouist in the time when the name was a by- word
and a reproach; but the stern logic of fact has vindicated the ob-
scure petitioner and remcvod the obloquy from his name, and
proved that, though negro property had been sanctioned and
sauctilied by two hundred years of legislation, yet it could not stand
the test of reason and truth, and Vfos obliged to sncourab to fata
The author of this biography was shown a biuulle of letters writ-
ten by Hiram Mendenhall on his journey to California (in an
(jverland trip), and after his aiTival there. Tliey possess great
interest, showing a most tender, sweet and loving Christian spirit,
but are too long for insertion here. As has Iieen stated, he died of
cholera on board a steamer on his homeward voyage, in the Gulf
of Mexico, near Key West, on the coast of Florida. Sixty had

died already on the vessel of. the dread malady. The ship tried
to land at Key West, but the privilege was denied them, cannon
being pointed at them with the threat (Oh, cruel throat!) that the
ship should be tired into if the attempt to land there wore not
abandoned. The ship's company did land upon a Ijarren islaid,
bu+ they could not endm'e the heat, and rettimed to the vessk'l.
He died June I'O, 1852, said to be the same day on which Henry
Clay expired. A son who was with him on the ship at his death
survived, and is thought t(j be living still. The letters men-
tioned above are j)resorved and cherished with peculiar aflfecticn
by his sister, Mrs. Hannah (Mendenhall) Diggs, mother of Mn.
Isaiah P. Watts, and residing with her son-in-law at the preoeut

Nathan Mendenhall, father of Mrs. Hannah (Mendenhall)
Diggs (wife of Littleberry C, Diggs), as also of Hiram Men-
denhall, and the son of Stephen and Elizabeth Mendenhall, w:,s
born February 10, 1774. Ann Harlan, who became his wi:e
was torn October 10, 1773. Their children were as follow;?:

Edith (Cowgill), bom July 25, 1799, living.

Hiram, born February 20, 1801, died 1852.

Olive (Hadley), born July 11, 1803, died 1840.

Maris (Hartman), born January 9, 1805, died 1872.

Elizabeth (Ruble), born December 7, ISOfj, died 1874.

Nathan, born April 18, 1809, died 1801.

Hannah (Diggs), born June 15, 1811, living.

Rebecca (Lewis), born October 11, 1813, living in Oregon.

Mr. Lewis ijnd family emigrated to California in 1850, re-
moved to Oregon in 1804, returned to Indiana on a visit in 1805,
and still resides in Oregon. Mr. Lewis is transacting business
for a railroad company in that distant State.

Morgan Mills, White River, born in Ohio in 1794, married Re-
becca Driver, sister of Jacob and James Driver, in 1812. They
emigrated to White River in 1821, two years after Mr. Sample
came hero.

Mr. Mills settled at first near Sampletown, but, so soon as
the lands across the boundary were put into market. Mi'. Mills,
with hundreds of others, crossed the boundary into the now pur-
chase, in 1S23 He had twelve children, eight grown, six now liv-
ing. He was a farmer and a Republican. Ho belonged to the
Christian (Now Light) Churcli sixty-four years. Falling from
the platform of a railroad train at Farmland, and biu-sting hie skull
in the fall, ho died of the injury six weeks afterward. His
death took place April 3, 1878, aged eighty-four years four
months and five days. His wife, Rebecca Mills. dieJd in 1872,
aged seventy-seven years seven months and sixteen days.

The Pucketts, White River. There were eight brothers oi
the Puckett family, and seven of them were Quaker preachers,
all except Joseph. Their names were as follows: Joseph, Isom,
Thomas, Zachaiy, Daniel, Benjamin, Richard, James.

The five first mentioned emigrated to Indiana, the first four
coming to Randolph County, and Daniel settling in Wayne
County, Fountain City. They are all dead many years ago.
Joseph and Isom came in 1819, and Thomas and Zachary in
1820.

Joseph Puckett was born in 1784, in North Carolina. He
married Mary Garrett. They came to Clinton County, Ohio, in
1817, and, two years afterward, to White River, Randolph Co,,
Ind. He entered land after they came. An interesting incident
occurred in connection with the entry of his land, showing that
officials are friendly and accommodating in some cases, at any
rate. He went on foot to Cincinnati, and, when he got there, he
found that the (juarter-seotion of his choice overran so much that
he lacked $10 or §15 of having money enough to make the entry.
There he was, a poor stranger, on foot, alone in Cincinnati,
knowing not a single person in that city, and utterly at a loss
what to do. The clerk who was doing business in the Receiver's
office, learning his dileimna, said to him, " You need not go back
without your land; I will lend you the money myself; " and he
did, and Mr. Puckett got the certificate for his laud, and went
on his homeward way rejoicing. Of course he sent the money in
paunent of the loan as soon as he could raise it, which, however,
was not a very easy task.

Mr. Puckett had ten childi-en — eight boys and two girls.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

339

All of them lived to be grown and' murriGd. Only six of the
ten, however, are living now. The children were these:

Tyre T., lives at Dunkirk, Randolph County; has had five
children.

Welcome G., married, but has no children.

Benjamin, botanic physician, lived at Winchester, had five
children, and died some years ago.

Micajah, had throe children and is dead.

Sylvania (Remmel), has four children.

Levi, had six children, and he is dead.

Francis, four children, is dead.

Joseph, resides in Winchester, has one child.

Phebe Ann (Hiatt), has two children.

Thomas, resides in Iowa, has six children.

The Pucketts were all Friends, and those that lived to the
time of the " Separation " went with the Anti-slavery Friends.
They were originally Whigs, and became Republicans.

The Pucketts came first to Ohio, but preferred Congress title
to military title, and came on to Randolph. They settled noai-
Dunkirk, entering 100 acres apiece, paying each §80 down.

Isom Puckett was one of ten children. His mother's
father was Daniel Taylor, who died at one hundred and five
years old.

The names of the family to which Isom Puckett belonged

Richard, Benjamin, Isom, Betty, Anna, Zachariuh, Thomas.
Joseph and James. All are dead.

Isom was born in 1772; had ten children, and died in 18r>0.

Thomas had eleven children.

Zachary had ten children.

Joseph had ten children.

Daniel had several children.

The Puckett brothers, four of whom settled in Randolph
County, entered land in White River as stated below;

Daniel Puckett, northwest quarter of Section 25. Township
20, Range 13, October 26, 1818.

Thomas Puckett, northeast quarter of Section 26, Township
20, Range 13, October 20, 1818.

Joseph Puckett, southwest quarter of Section 34. Townshi]^
20, Range 13, January 18, 1819.

Zachary Puckett, north half of Section 3, Townshiji 19, Range
13, April 7, 1819.

Isom Puckett, west half of the northeast quarter of Section
34, Township 20, Range 13, November 20, 1820.

Benjamin Puckett, northeast quarter of the a(juthwest quai'tor
of Section 35, Township 20, Range 13, Juno 18, 1824.

They belonged to Friends' Meeting at Dunkirk, and were ac-
tive in society.

Joseph Puckett, Sr., brother of Isom and Daniel Puckett,
died in 1830, and his wife in 1840. He was a Friend, anti-
slavery, and, in early times, a Whig. His son Benjamin was a
physician of the Botanic school, and achieved a good reputation
as a practitioner, being for many yeare a leading physician in
Winchester.

Joseph Puckett, Jr., Winchester, was born in 1825, in Ran-
dolph County, Ind., being the son of Joseph Puckett, Sr. Ho
married Eliza Ann Muckey in 1851. They have only one child.
Mr. Puckett was a farmer's son, and was l^rought up on the
farm. He learned the carpenter's trade, following that business
for several years. He afterward boonme a merchant, and, still
later, was appointed United States Rovcmue Officer, holding the
position four years. He adopted the fruit-growing business, and
practiced it for ton years, after which he was aj^pointed Cashier
of the National Bank at Winchester, and served in that capacity
for five years, leaving it in 1878. Since that time, ho has been
mostly at leisure, traveling for pleasure and for the health of
himself and family somewhat extensively. When young, he was
an Abolitionist and, since the rise of the Republican party, has
belonged to that organization. Mr. Puckett is one of the some-
what numerous and constantly increasing body of citizens who
believe that political parties are simply combinations for the
general good, for the establishment of general moralitj', and the
protection and security of public and private rights, and that

party action should always bo kept strictly subservient to this
end; in othor;words, that parties are not an end, but simply a
means, and that not for private, selfish advantage, but for sub-
stantial, permanent general good.

Mr. Puckett, though never holding a public office by popular
election, is yet highly esteemed by his friends, and by the com-
munity in general.

James Pursley, White River, was born in 1807, in Virginia,
and came to Indiana (Randolph County) in 1831 . He was twice
married. His first wife was the mother of seventeen children;
his Becond, of five. His first wife was the mother of three chil-
dren within the same year — first, of twins, that died at six weeks
old; and then another in less than a year from the birth of the
twins. Twelve of the children of James Pursley lived to bo
married. He died many years ago.

Jesse Piu-sley. White River, born in 1775, in Virginia, was
in the war of 1812; came to Indiana about 1830; resided in Un-
ion and Franklin Counties several years; came to Randolph
County in 1833. He was twice married. His first wife was
Winny Yardley, and the second was Nancy May, the latter dy-
ing in 1877, seventy-six years old.

He had fourteen children by his first wife, and ten by the
second Foiu-teen lived to bo maiTied, and nine are living still.

Jesse Pui-sley died some ye.u's ago.

He was in the army in 1799, when trouble with France was
in prospect; again in 1812, and he greatly wished to go in 1801,
when he was eighty -six years old.

There is an immense crowd of grandchildren, et«., his de-
scendants.

Jesse Pursley, Jr., a son of his, was in a Missom-i regiment,
and died in service.

John May Pursley, in the Twelfth Illinois, died at Savannah,
Tenn. , shortly after the capture of Douelson, Tenn.

David Aker Pm-sley, of the Thirty-sixth Indiana, died at Pa-
ducah, Ky.

Jesse Reynard. AVhite River, son of Solomon RejTiard, was
born in 1819, in Randolph Coiinty, Ind.; married Anna Diggs,
daughter of William Diggs, of White River, and also a native of
Randolph Coimty. in 1842, and has had seven children. He wa.s
an Abolitionist, and is a farmer, a Wesleyan and a Republican.
He owns 270 acres of land, and resides east of Buena Vista.
Ho is an intelligent, substantial citizen.

Solomon Reynm-d, White River, was born in North Carolina
in 1788; came to Clinton County, Ohio, with his parents, in
1805; married Rachel Green in 1810, who was born in 1799;
emigrated to Randolph County, Ind., in 1817; settled on Eight-
Mile Creek, four miles west of Winchester. He had ten chil-
dren, and died in 1801, about seventy-three years old. He was
an Abolitionist and a Republican.

Mr. Reynard was one of the earliest pioneers of the county,
coming the same year that the Ways and Diggses came, from
South Carolina. He entered 1 00 acres of land.

His widow is still living with hor son Jesse Reynard, about
eighty-two years old. She is active and sprightly, I'etaining the
possession of her bodily and mental faculties in an unusual de-
Jehu Robinson, White River, born in Virginia in 1784; Ran-
dolph County, Ind., 1822, one and a half miles east of Winches-
ter: owned the Kemp farm, and then to Western Missouri; died
185S, seventv-four years old; married Mary Williams; came to
Ohio in 181 1", and to Washington County, Ind., in 1815; twelve
children; farmer. His wife was a Friend, and he wfis a strong
Democrat.

William Robinson, White River, bom in Washington County,
Ind., in 1810; Randolph Countv, Ind., 1822; maiTied Maria'm
Hill, daughter of Benoni Hill, "in 1838, and afterward Ruth
(Test) Bundrant; ten children, nine living; none married but
two. Ho resides four miles oast of Winchester; fiumer, Friend,
Republican,

Walter Ruble, ^\■hite River, was born in Tennessee in 1790;
moved to Clinton County. Ohio, in 1802; married Sarah Wright
in Clinton County in 1811, and was married twice afterward.
He had eleven children, four of them still living.

340

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

He emigrated to Randolph County, Ind.,in 1824, and entered
eighty acres of land on tho north side of White River, near Is-
rael Wright's, about four miles west of Winchester. He was a
farmer and a Friend, and died in 1878, eighty-eight years old,
and was buried in Maxville Cemetery.

Durant Smith, White River, was born in Jones County, N.
C, in 1802; was taken by his parents to Stokes County, N. C,
in 1808; married Elizabeth Keyes in 1825, who was born in
1806. They came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1829, and set-
tled at first on the farm where he has lived ever since (lifty-one
years). His wife died in the fall of 1879. They had been
married fifty-four years.

Their family consisted of twelve children. Ten of them are
now living;

Nancy (Gray), 1827, four children, White River.

Alexander. 1829, ten children.

William, 1831, nine children.

Lucinda, 1832, seven children.

Willis, 1833, three children. Logansport.

Hannah, 1834, seven children, died 1876.

Asenath, 1838, nine children.

Andrew, 1842, six children.

Lavina, 1844, seven children.

Emeline, 1840, two children.

Eleanor, 1840, four chiidren.

Durant Smith has sixty-eight grandchildren and six great-
grandchildren. He is seventy-eight years oid, and quite feeble,
and resides with his daughter, Mrs. Simon Gray.

John Starbuck, White River. His parents resided in Sui-ry
County, N. C, and he was born there. They came to Virginia
in 1823, and to Randolph County, Ind.. in 1831. He married
Beulah Garrett; had nine childi'en. six of whom are living, and
died in 1850. His widow is still living, with her son, Welcome
Starbuck, east of Buena Vista. She is eighty-six years old, be-
ing feeble and nearly disabled.

Leroy Starbuck, White River, son of John Starbuck and
brother of Walter and Welcome Starbuck, was born in 1817, in
Stokes County, N. C. , moved to Virginia in 1823, and to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1831; married Mary Johnson in 1847,
and has one child, born in 1850. He is a Republican; a farmer,
owning 100 acres of land east of Buena Vista, in White River
Township. Ho iised to belong to tho AVesleyans, and now to the
Christians.

Randolph Turner, White River, was born in Virginia about
1788; married Elizabeth Heaston, daughter of Abram Heaston
and sister of David Heaston; moved to Tennessee in 1S18; kept
a hotel at the foot of Cumberland Mountains, on the west side,
near Crab Orchard; went to Alabama in 1826. and died in 1828.
In Alabama he was a faimer. They had seven children, three
of whom came to Randolph County, Ind. Mrs. Turner, widow
of Randolph Turner, came to Indiana in 1S33. with her father.
Abram Heaston, bringing three children. She lived with her
father till he died, and then with her son, William Turner, until
she died, in 1861, being at tho time sixty-five years old.

Way family, AVhite River. Paul AV. Way. Henry H. Way,
William Way, Robert Way (a lad of sixteen, and sou of John
Way, who was brother to Paul. Henry and William Way) and
William Diggs left South Carolina in" tho spring of 1816 and
came to Randolph County, Ind., prospecting for land in that new
and wilderness country. They came to White River, west of
where Winchester now stands. They located and entered several
tracts of laud, as follows;

William Way, Jr., west half of the northwest quarter of
Section 23, Township 20, Range 13, February 7, 1816.

William Way (father), northeast quarter of Section 22, Town-
ship 20, Range 13, June 5, 181(i.

Henry Way, northwest quarter of Section 22, Township 20,
Range 13, June 5, 1816.

William Diggs, Jr., norfhwe-st (juartev of Section 24, Town-
ship 20, Range 13, September 27, 1816.

Henry H. Wav, northeast quarter of Section 27, Township
29, Range 13, October 29, 1816.

In the fall, Paul Way went back to South Carolina for his

family and friends; the others stayed. Henry Way and William
Diggs went to Greensfork, in Wayne County, during the winter
of 1816-17; both got married, and settled in White River before
March, 1S17.

Paul Way's ffimily, seven in number; John Way's family,
seven in number; Armsbee Diggs and wife; John Moorman and
family, six in number; and George Wilson and family, number-
ing five — a company of twenty-seven persons in all, came to Indiana
in 1817. The Ways started from South Carolina in the fall of
1810, and the company arrived in White River March, 1817,
snow ten inches deep. [Note — John Moorman and George Wil
son stopped on Greensfork, southwest of Lynn.] Snow fell on
them at the top of the Blue Ridge, and there was snow all the
way to White River, melting off in April. They crossed tho
Ohio on the ice at the foot of Main street. Cincinnati. They
came by Richmond, Newport, Williamsburg, Cherry Grov(!
(Brocks and Frazier lived near Cherry Grove); from Cherry
Grove the route was through the woods, with no track for fifteen
miles. John Way, father of Jesse Way, stretched a tent, and
the family lived in it all summer.

William Way, Sr., White River, born in 1756, came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in the spring of 1817.

He had ten childi-en (see account elsewhere). He settled be-
low Winchester. He was a Friend, a Whig, and died in 1839.

Several of his children were somewhat noted.

Paul W. Way, County Agent, surveyor, hotel-keeper, etc. ,
died in Winchester.

John Way, blacksmith, died in Winchester.

Henry H. Way, physician, died in Illinois.

Matthew Way died in Carolina.

Hannah (Moorman), wife of Tarlton Moorman, mother of
twelve children, and died in Ciirolinain 1877, aged — years.

Abigail (Clayton), wife of James Clayton, died at Winchester
in ISSO, eighty-three years old.

Lydia (Diggs), wife of William Digg.-, died many years ago.

Mary (Beverly), mother of Dr. Beverly, of Winchester.

John Way, father of Jesse Way, Winchester, blacksmith, was
born in North Carolina; married Patience Green in North
Carolina, aud they came to Randolph County, Ind., on White
River, in the spring of 1817.

They had seven children :

Mary (Armsbee Diggs). nine children.

Robert (Judith Willson), six children.

Matthew (Hannah Reeder), six cuildren.

Jesse (Fanny Diggs), eleven children.

Rachel (Liston), eight children.

John, died at six years old.

John Wav was a blacksmith in South Carolina; a farmer
from 1817 to 'l830, and a blacksmith from 1830 to the end of his
life. He entered 160 acres five and a half miles west of Win
Chester, and lived there till 1830. then moved to Winchester, and
died there in 1856; his wife dying also in 1858. He was a
Friend, Whig, Abolitionist, Republican.

Matthew Wav died in Carolina.

Paul W. Way came to White River in 1816. He was a fa-
mous man. active and prominent. He was County Agent, County
Sui'veyor. many years, etc. . etc. He surveyed the to^vn plat of
Winchester, laid out the State aj il county roads, etc. He was
Justice of tho Peace, farmer, hotel-keeper in Winchester, etc.
Many an old lawyer and Judge remembers tho times at Paul
Way's Tavern. Paul Way died in 1856, age 71 years. He was
a Whig, an active, enterprising citizen, and greatly esteemed
among his fellow-townsmen and by the public at large. He bud
four children:

Anna, married Nathan Reed.

AVilliam M. Way, lives in Champaign County. 111.

Caroline (Woody).

Anderson Way.

They are all dead but William.

Hannah (Littleberry Diggs) came in 1817. They had five
children. She died long ago, as early as 1827.

Lydia (Tarlton Moorman), see account of Tarlton Moorman
elsewhere.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

341

Henry H. (Dr.), had ten children; was ii Friend, Whip, Ab-
olitionist; went with the " Separation; " Rejjublican. Ho first
caiue to Wliite River, but )noved early to Newport, and later to
!Nora, 111., where he died, an old man.

William Way, Jr.. brother of H. H. Way, emigrated to Ran-
dolph (Jouuty, Ind., in 1817; moved to Newport (Fountain City),
InA, and, many years afterward, to Wisconsin. He was twice
married; had several children, and died in Wisconsin in ripe old
age. He was a Friend, a Whig, an Abolitionist, an Anti-slavory
Friend and a Republican. He was throughout his life a farmer,
and possessed the esfeem of his fellow -citizens.

Jacob A. White, White River, was born in 1793, in Rocking-
iuim County. Va. He came to Prebie County, Ohio, marrying
there Mary Neff, sister of Henry H. and John Neff. Mr. White
emigrated to Randol])h County, Ind., about 1822. He had ten
children, all of whom wore grown ; seven have been married, and
all but two are now dead. Himself and eight children have died
of consumption. He died in November, 1818, having been taken
in a buggy, a few days before his death, to the polls to cast his
vote for Gen. Taylor, and being in the fifty-fifth year of his age.

His wife died at Muncie in 1878, ageil seventy-six years.

He was a tailor by ti'ade,,and, in the Western country, worked
both as a tailor and a farmer.

In ptjlitics, he was a Whig of the sternest sort, and almost
the last words he said wore, " Boys, never vote for the Democrats."
And they, true to their father's injunction, have obeyed his dying
request.

His settlement was made and his residence maintained south
of the Poor Farm, where he entered 1 CO acres.

George T. Wilson, White River, was one of the earliest
emigrants from Carolina to the Northwest. He was born in Vir-
ginia in 1780; emigrated to North Carolina; married Anna
Moorman, daughter of John Moorman, who came to Randolph
County with the Ways, etc.

Mr. Wilson had six children, one of whom, Judith, afterward
became the wife of Robert Way, and who is now living, an aged
widow, in Winchester, strong and healthy, and with sound mind
and memory.

Mr. Wilson stopped awhile in Wayne County, cropping for
old Francis Thomas, not far from Newport (FoimtainCity). He
entered land (IGO aci'es) several miles north of Newi)ort. on
Green's Fork, but in 1819 he moved to Randolph County, and died
there in 1855, aged seventy-five years. He was a carpenter by
vocation.

William Wolf, White River, was boru in ISOfi, in Augusta
County, Va. His father was John Wolf, who had a family of
five children.

They came to Preble County, Ohio, in 1S12. John Wolf
and his wife both died in Preble County, Ohio, his age being
ninety-six years, and hers seventy-six years.

William Wolf came to Randolph County in 1833, and set-
tled in White River, five miles west of Winchester. He entered
144 acres southwest of Winchester, near Elisha Martin's, but
never resided on the land heentore^l. He has been a farmer and
carpenter.

He has lived on the same (rented) farm, belonging to Moor-
man Way, Esq., for nineteen ye.irs.

He man-ied Mary Magdalena Bower, in Randolph County,
in 1837. They have' had nine children; eight of them lived to
be grown and maiTied, and seven are living still. His wife also
is living, having been born iu 1815.

He is a Re])ublican in politics, and belongs to the Christian
(New Light) Church. He was iu early times a Whig. His fa-
ther was a Jackson Democrat, but, during the civil war, although
very old and blind, he was an enthusiastic war man. He de-
clared, with much spirit, that the man who claimed to be a Dem-
ocrat and would not ."Sustain bis Government claimed what was
not true.

The old veteran was a soldier in the war of 1812, and for
nine years was wholly blind, but his bodily health was sound,
and his mind was bright and clear to the close of life.

William ^Volt's mother's mother lived to bo one hundi-ed and
eight ye;u-s old. She died a great many years ago.

Mr. Wolf is hale and hearty, and kwks as though he might
siirvive to the age of his venerable father.

Valentine Wysong. White River, was born at Philadelphia;
removed thence to Virginia, to Ohio, and at last to Randolph
Countv, in Indiana. The last removal was made about 1817 or
1818. *

He had nine childi'en, as follows: Valentine, Jacob, Joseph.
Henry, John, Lewis, David, Elizabeth (Oyler) and Catharine
(Oylor). They are now all dead.

Valentino Wysong was a brick mason, and he had, when he
moved to Randolph County, considerable property for those
times. He died many years ago, over eighty years old. He
was of German descent.

David Wysong, White River, was the son of Valentine ^Vy-
song. He was born in Virginia iu 17U9, and came with his fa-
ther to Randolph County in 1817 or 1818.

He married Eliza Irvin, daughter of John Irvin. They had
twelve children, eight of whom ai-e still living.

He followed principally farming, thoiigh he was also a brick-
maker and a brick-mason. He built the iii'st brick court house,
making the bricks therefor. His first wife died in J 853, and
he married as his second wife Rebecca (Morrison) Hill, and upon
her death, he took for his third wife Mary (Edwards) Pugb.
He died April 27, 1878, but his widow still resides on the old
homestead, where hor husband had lived for nearly sixty years.
He was in politics a Democrat.

BIOGRAPHIES.

Besides the biographies already given under other heads, wo
present a large number of histories of persons connected with
Winchester in the past, or in the 'present, or iu both.

Michael'Aker, son of John Aker, lived iu khe county seven or
eight years; removed to Illinois, and remained a year-; returned
to Randolph and stayed two or three years, going then to Preble
County, Ohio, where he still resides.

Thomas Aker, brother of Michael Aker. has been a preacher
of the Christian denomination for twenty years or more; is a
farmer and pump-maker, and lives in Wells County, near Not-
tingham.

Samuel Aker, brother of Michael and Thomas Aker, resides
at Westville, Preble Co., Ohio. He has been a piunp-makor.
butis now nearly blind.

William Aker, brother of the above, came to Randolph short-
ly after Andrew did, and died forty years ago,

Thomas Brown, died May 20,'l877, aged eighty-four years
six months and fourteen days, having lived in the county forty-
three years. He was a kind friend, a good citizen, an affection-
ate husband and father, and an exemplary member of society.
He had belonged to the Christian Church for many years. His
wife died five or six years before him. He leaves thi-eo sons and
two daughters. The funeral services were held at the Method-
ist Church at Winchester, being conducted bv Rev. John A- Moor-
man, of Farmland.

Edmund E. Carter, Winchester, was torn in Maryland about
17il4. He emigi-ated to Dayton, Ohio, 18lS; moved to Madison
County, Ind,, 1832; to Delaware County, a'so, and afterward to
Randolph County about 1840, He died in 1873, almost eighty

■8 old.

He married Mary Deltz in 1823, who was born in 1801.

They had nine childi'en, eight grown, eight married, and
seven are living still. Thi'ir names, etc., are iis follows:

Henry, produce and poultiy, Winchester; no childi'en. Ijevi
D., wagon-maker, AV'inchester: three children, John D,, woolen
factory. Winchester; three children, George U,, fanner; one
child, Bennet D,, died in infancy. Francis B,, works with
Henry; two childi-en. Elizabeth J, (Comer) Andei-aon. Ind, ; hus-
band a hand in a stave factory; has four'childi-on; she is dead,
Edmund D„ farmer; Nancy A, (Hoffman), AA'inchester; husband
a marble woiker; five children.

The families all reside in or ue.ir Winchester, except Eliza-
beth's, and they live at Anderson,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Mr. E. B. Carter was an enterprisini^ buBiness man, having
owned two or three mills and a good farm, but he was broken
down by being obliged to pay security money, and he became
greatly discouraged, and lost measurably his spirit of enterprise.
A.8 stated, he died in 1873, but his widow is living yet,

Henry Carter, Winchester, was born in 1824, at Dayton.
Ohio. He moved with his father, Edmund B. Carter, f/O Madi-
son, Delaware and Randolph Counties, Ind., coming to the
latter in 1840.

Henry Carter moved to Troy, Ohio, in 1842 ; to Dayton, Ohio,
ip 1845; to Camden, Preble County in 1845; to Cincinnati,
Ohio, in 1848, and to Winchester, Ind, in 1852, which place
has been his residence up to this time. As a boy, he did
general work; at Troy he drove a stage, etc.; at Dayton, he
worked in a milk dairy; at Camden, he was apprenticed to
cabinet-making three years; at Cincinnati, he worked as a
journeyman at the carriage business; and at Winchester, he
was engaged in the manufacture of carriages till 1802, and in
that year he enlisted in the Fifty-fourth Regiment Indiana Volun-
teer Infantry, being made Captain of Company I. He was
severely injured by a bombshell December 28, 18G3; was taken
care of by his comrades imtil Fobraaiy, 1863, and was dis-
charged for disability in the fall of that year.

In 1864. he began the poultry and egg and general produce
business, and has continued it till now.

He has had several partners; M. A. Reoder one year; Ira
Tripj), two years, and the rest of the time mostly alone.

He was married February 22, 1849, to Abigail J. Hull (who
was born at Elizabethtown, N. J., in 1823), at Cincinnati, Ohio.
They have no children.

Mr. Carter is an active business man, and solid and substan-
tial citizen. He is independent in politics, acting mostly, how-
ever with the Republican party. HIh wife belongs to the Chris-
tian Church. He has been a member of the F. <& A. M. for about
twenty-six years. His business is extensive and thriving, and he
takes delight in a life of energetic activity, believing fully in
the Scripture injunction: "Whatsoever thy hand tindoth to do,
do it with thy might," and dreading to be counted among that
number who by the manner of their lives prove to be

" Ciei

's blot, c

Whom noue may praise, wlimn none may th;ink."

Abigail (Way), wife of James Clayton, lived for many years
west of Winchester, some years in Winchester, also at Newport
(Fountain City), Ind. Her husband, James Clayton, died at
Newport. His widow survived him for several years, and died at
AVinchester (while on a visit there) in the spring of 1880, and
was buried at Fountain City, Ind. She was nearly eighty years
of ago. Mrs. Clayton was a woman of higli intelligence, ster-
ling integrity, and tirm devotion to principles. She had no chil-
dren, though she had been married more than fifty years.

John Connor, Winchester, was born near Atlanlia, Ga., in
1801. He came to Cincinnati in 1814, and learned the tinner's
trade; marrying in Greene County, Ohio, and moving to llan-
ilolph County, Ind., in 1831: kept store awhile with his brother,
AVilliam Conner. John Conner rented forty acres of land near
Lynn; moved to Winchester in 1835, and to Portland in 1840,
living near the latter jjhwe ou a farm south of the Big Sala-
monie River, and in 1857 returned to Winchester. Ho began in
1S35 to carry the United States mail from Winchester to Fort
Wavue, and <iontiuued that em|>loyment till 1861. Enlisting in
the "army in the fall of 1861, ho died near Atlanta, Ga., in 1863,
so that he died in sight of the place at which ho was born.

Mr. Connor had thr^e children; his wife dying in 1S74, by a
collision with a railroad train, at the age of seventy-nine years.

Mr. Conner was an old-time Democrat, but he became a Re-
publican in I860, or thereabouts.

His life was one of great and i)eouliar hardship; transport-
ing the mail over the northern route, mostly on horseback, through
mud and frost; fording and swimming creeks at times in the
earliii- period; sleeping in the woods one night each tri|) between
"W'inchester and Fort Wayne. For a few years he carried loads of
silver ft r the entries of land at the Fort Wayne Land Office.
In some cases, thousands of dollars were taken at one trij). Ed-

ward Edger, then Postmaster of Deerfield, states that at one trip
in about 1S37, Mr. Conner had $2,000 (in silver) stowed away
in his mail bag.

Hannah (Mendenhall) Diggs, Winchester. Her great-grand-
father's name was Mordecai Mendenhall, living in North Car-
olina. The whole connection were millers and millwrights,
and he among the rest.

Her grandfather, Stephen Mendenhall, was born about 1750,
and raised thirteen children to be grovpn and married.

He came to Richmond about 1814; moved to Clinton County,
Ohio, soon afterward, and died there about 1822.

Her father was Nathan Mendenhall. He was born in North
Carolna (Randolph or Guilford County) in 1773; came to High-
land County, Ohio, in 1800; moved to Clinton County, Ohio, and
remained in that county till 1837; came in that year to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., and settled near Uniousport. He was mar-
red in North Carolina to Ann Harlan, who was born in 1772.

They had nine children, viz., Edith (Cowgill), 17Uy, lives in
North Manchester, Ind., and is the mother of fifteen children;
Hiram, 1801, had ten children, and died in 1852 June 30— the
same day that Henry Clay died; Olive (Hadley), 1803, had
seven childi-eii, and died in 1840; Maria (Hartman), 1805, four
childi-en, died in 1872; Elizabeth (Ruble), 1806, one child, died
in 1S74; Nathan, 1800, ten children, died in 1801; Hannah
(Diggs), 1811, three children, is now living (1881); Rebecca
(Lewis), 1813, has one child, and resides in Oregon. She moved
to California in 1854, and to Oregon in 1855, and that has been
her home ever since that time.

Nathan Mendenhall, father of Hannah M., died in 1847,
and his wife in 1857.

Hannah (Mendenhall) Diggs was born in 1811 ; man'ied
Littleben-y Diggs in 1841, and has had three children, viz.,
Francis, farmer in Kansas; Ann Eliza Watts, wife of Isaiah P.
Watts, attorney in Winchester, and Ciicuit Clerk of Randolph
County (1S81-18S6).

Hannah's husband, Littlebeny Diggs, died in the winter of
1846, and she has lived a widow ever since.

Her mother's name was Harlan, who was the daughter of
Enoch and Edith Harlan, North Carolinians.

Enoch Harlan lay a corpse when his daughter (mother of
Hannah Mendenhall) was twenty-one years old.

His father was William Harlan, son of Ezckiel Harlan, son
of George Harlan, son of lames Harlan.

Enoch Harlan had ten children, born between 1770 and 1792.

Rebecca (Harlan) Hampton, daughter of Enoch Harlan and
aunt of Hannah Mendenhall, is now living in Lee County, Iowa
in her eighty-ninth year.

H;innah Meudenhall's great-grandfather (on her mother's
side) was Nathaniel Carter, who was a ribbon weaver in Dublin,
son of a rich man in that city by the name of Nicholas Carter.
Nathaniel came to America, away back in 160(1 and odd, to see
the country, and liked it so well ttiat ho stayed. He taught
school all the rest of his days, living to be a very old man.

Her great-grandparents on her father's side were Mordecai
Mendenhall and Charity (Beason) Mendenhall. Her grand
father's name was Stephen Mendenhall, and his wife's name was
Elizabctth Rich, and her father and mother were John Rich and
Sarah (Frasheur) Rich. Her great-grandpiu-ents on her mother's
side were William Harlan and Margaret (Farlow) Harlan. Her
grandparents wore Enoch Harlan and Edith Carter, and Edith
Carter's parents were Nathaniel Carter and Ann McPheraon.

Hannah's parents were Nathan Mendenhall and Ann Harlan.

George Harlan, son of Jamo.^ Hai-lan, was born in Old En-
gland, Januai-y 1 I, 1650.

Ezekiel Harlan, son of George and Elizabeth Harlan, was
born in Ireland, July 16, 1079.

Hannah Harlan, daughter of George and Elizabeth Harlan,
was born in Ireland, Februai-y 4, KiSl.

Moses Harlan, son as above, born in Ireland, December 20,
16S3. Aaron Harlan, bom in Ireland October 29, 1685.

Born in Pennsylvania as follows:

Rebecca, August 17, ItVSS; Deborah, August 28, 1090; Eliza-
beth, August 9, 1694; Joshua, November 15, 1696 or 1697.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

343

William Harlan, son of Ezekiel Harlan, was born on Sun-
'day, September 1, 1702. His wife was born September 1, 1703,
and died June 12, 1707, at 0 o'clock A. M.

Their children were: Mary, born June 2>>, 1722; William.
May 15, 1724; Jonathan, July 15, 1720; James, September 29,
1730; Sarah, September 23, 1782; Stephen, March 12, 1740;
George, February 1, 1743; Enoch, December 27, 1745 or 1740,
and died October 18, 1794.

Nathan Harlan, son of Enoch Harlan, was bom January 10,
1770, and died about 1840, seventy years old.

The other children of Enoch Harlan were: William, born
October 0, 1771, died 1844, aged seventy-three yoai-s; Ann, born
October 19, 1773, mother of Hannah Mondenhall, died 1857,
aged eighty-foui- years; Nathaniel, bom October 9, 1775, died
1824, aged forty-nine yeai-s; Jonathan, September 7, 1777, died
1840, aged sixty-nine years; David, born Januory 2, 1780, died
1871, aged ninety -one years; Solomon, born February 13, 1782,
died 1809, aged eiglity-seven ycai-s; Hannah, bom March 20,
1784, died 1842, aged fifty. eight yeai-s; Enoch, born February
26, 1780, died 1800, aged eighty yeai-s; John, bom May 9, 1790,
died 1876, aged eighty-six years; Kebecca, born August 3, 1792,
living in Iowa, aged eighty-nine years.

A truly remarkable family for their age, nine of the number
ranging from sixty-nine to ninety-one years, and averaging eighty-
one years.

Solomon Harlan, a son of Ent)oh Harlan, and uncle of Han-
nah Mendenhall, born February 13, 1782, had childi-en as follows:
Kebecca Ann, born August 12, 1810; John M., born Februarv
18, 1818; David Fiu-is, bom December 25, 1819; William Fos-
ter, born December 25, 1821; Bachel Fallis, born Februaiy 19,
1824; Jonathan born March 20, 1820; Solomon Haynes bom
August 27, 1831; Jane Faris born April 22, 1840.

Hannah ha,s lived for twenty-two years in ■\\'inchester spend-
ing some time, however, in Iowa imd Kansas.

She is much troubled with rheumatism, but is otherwise
lively and active. She delights greatly in reading, and speuds
her time largely in that way.

Her husband emigrated from North Ciu'olina soon after the
first settlement of the county.

She is mild and quiet in disposition, bearing the frailties of
advancing age and the pains of her afflictive complaint with a
jiatient and cheerful spirit, and giving to the young and rising
generation an example that they would do well to follow.

Note. — The above " ancestral" account has been given for
several reasons :

1. It is very remarkable in itself.

2. It is wonderful that it should have been preserved.

3. The memory of Hannah Diggs is marvelous for one so
old (eighty yeai-s) holding almo.st the entire record given above,
names, dates and all. She has, however, a written rt-cord con-
taining the account in full. Few families could match the sta-
tistics furnished by 'Mis. Diggs.

Elisha GaiTott— father of the lady who furnished this sketch
—graduated at Farmers' College, Ohio, with Lindloy Ninde.Daniel
Hough, etc. He became a leottuer on temperance and abolition;
taught school at AVilliamsburg, Ind., Memphis, Tenn., etc.; till
he married Hannah Wright and settled on a fai-m on Cabin Creek.
He was elected County Auditor in 1858 or 1859. but died
while in office, at Cleveland Water Cure, a few days before the
breaking-out of the war. He was very active and enthusiastic
in the work of temperance, education, politics, etc. ; he was a
Methodist, a Republicaju, a member of the I. O. O. F., etc. ; his
age was thirty-eight, and he was buried in the Friends' Cemetery,
on Cabin Creek; his wife, also, is dead, aud his orphan daughter,
Miss Lillie A. GaiTett, resides with lier aged grandparents, Mi-.
& Mrs. Solomon Wright, near the mouth of Cabin Creek, and
makes it her business to care for the wants of their old age. and
to smooth their pathway to the tomb.

Emily Jane HaiTia, Winchester, wife of Dr. J. M. Harri.s,
died at Winchester Januai-y 15. 1881, aged fifty-two yeai-s;
she was born in 1 829, being ' the daughter of David and" Jane
Hainpton, the latter still living at eighty-five years old. David
Hampton came from Ohio (Warren County) to Randolph (Jounty,

Ind., in 1818. They had eleven children, eight sons and three
daughters. Emily Jane was one of the students at the fii-st
opening of Earlham College, near Richmond, Ind. She had
been for several yoirs Clerk of Friends' Monthly and Quarterly
Meetings, as also of Richmond Yearly Meeting; she was greatly
beloved and deeply lamented.

Abram Heastou, near Winchester, was bom in Germany
about 1755; came to America and to Virginia before he was
gi-own; married Matiltia Short; emigrated to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1833, settling three miles south of Winchester, and pur-
chasing land second hand. He w.'.s nearly seventy yeai'.s old
when he came to the West, and died in about a year (about 1 834) ;
his wife died in Virginia: he had seven children. Five of them
came to Randolph County, viz., Evelina, David, Samuel, Eliza-
beth and \'irginia; he was a farmer and a lanner, and followed
the business of a tanner till he came to this county; he was a
Presbyterian and a Democrat. Abram Heaston was the maternal
grandfather of William Tm-ner, formerly residing near Salem,
now near Ciundeu. Jay Co., Ind,

Anna Maria .Baker (Butterworth, Moore), Winchester, was
bom in Baltimore, Md., in 1813; in 1832, she man-ied James
Butterworth, who was an Englishman, having been born in that
country in 1810; he was a mechanic, and removed from Balti-
more, successively to Pittsburgh, Dayton, Richmond, and finally,
in 1830, to Winchester; they had foirr children, who are all liv-
ing in Randolph County, three of the four being residents of
Winchester. Ml-. Butterworth was killed in 1845 by the bursting
of a cannon. It had been used by one of the parties in the cam-
paign of 1844, and hud been taken and spiked and hid by the
other pai-ty in a straw stack; and, upon being found several
mouths afterward, in the efTorts by Mr. B. to " unspike " the
gun, it exploded, and Mr. B. lost his life. His widow married
Mr. James Moore (elsewhere mentioned) soon after, in 1840.
with whom she lived till his death, in 1875, and she now resides
in Winchester with her son-in-law, W. W. Canada, Esq., who
married her youngest daughter, Carrie E. Moore.

Mx. Butterworth was an active business man, owning a saw-
mill, a grist-mill, a carding machine, a wagon shop, etc. Mrs.
Moore seems in good health and spirits, and looks back upon the
checkered scenes of her varied life with mingled satisfaction and
sorrow — soiTow at the loss oU two husbands, and satisfaction at
seeing a large family grow up under her motherly hand to a life
of activity, respectability and usefulness.

James Mooro, Winchester, was bom in North Carolina Janu-
ary 1, 1809; removed to Virginia, and then to Favette County,
Ind., when a child about 1815. He used, when a mere lad, to
spend much time with the Indians, tramping thi-ough the woods
in their company, visiting their traps, often spending the night

Ho removed to Jay County when that region received its
early emigi-atiou (in 1837 or 1838), and, in 1845. he moved to
Winchester, residing in or near that town until his death, in 1875.
JIi-. Moore was three times married, and was the father of nine
or ten children, his third wife having, also, before her union
with him. lieeu the mother of four children by a previous mar-
riage, forming in all a family of some foui-teen children. Eleven
of them are still living, as follows: Five in Randolph County,
one in Jay County and one in Madison Coimty, one in Fayette
County. Ind., one in Kansas, one in Illinois and one in Texas.
Mr. Moore was a genuine pioneer, and an active, successful hun-
ter of the olden time, his exploits dating back, some of them, to
his boyhood days. Before he was grown, he shot a huge bear in
a high tree. The unwieldly creature fell through the^branches
to the ground, seeming to shake the earth as it struck. The
weight of the giant monster was 600 pounds. His third wife
was Ann Jiaria Baker (Butterworth), who is still living, some
account of whom is given elsewhere.

Harvey Patty, late of Winchester, was born in Ohio; came to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1835; married, first, Martha Jane
.4j-mfield, and then Malinda Maulsby; he had five childi-en
his first wife died in 1848, and he died in 1856. He kept store
in HunLsville; afterward, he moved to Winchester and kept the
Franklin Hoase hotel: he finally went to Economy, and, while

344

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

he was preparing to go to Kansas, he fell siok at Economy, and
died there in 1856. He was an early Abolitionist; had been a
Whig, was a strong temperance advocate, and every way an esti-
mable and excellent man.

Ernostiis Putman, father of Jlrn. Edward Edger, was a resi-
dent of Virginia, working at Haq)or's Ferry, Va., during the war
of 1812, and came to New Madison, Darke Co., Ohio, fi-om
Washington City, in 1S19; he was the father of ten childi'on, six
bdvs aud four girls, eight of whom are still living — David, re-
si'les at Palestine, Darke Co., Ohio; Ernestus, resides in Colo-
i;ii1o; .John, resides in Texas; James, resides in Ohio: Aaron,
resides in Indiana; Jane (Edger), resides in Winchester; Nancy
(Blount), resides in Kansas, wife of Gen. James Blount; Eliza-
beth (Kilpatrick), whose husband was an Abolitionist in Kansas
during the early troubles in that State, being intimate with John
Brown; he was killed by Indians, being sliot by them from an
ambush and pierced by nine bullets.

Emestus Putman, the younger, was a merchant in AVinches-
tor in partnership with Charles Avery for several years. Mr.
Putman was active during the war in various ways, going South
several times in charge of boats with sanitary supplies and for
bringing home returning convalescent soldiers; ho now resides
in Colorado.

Mary (Martin) Reeder, Winchester, was bom in 1798, April
U), in Hamilton County, Ohio; in 1798, she was mai-ried, in
Warren County, Ohio, in 1815, to David Reeder, who died in
1821 ; she came to Randolph County, Ind.. in 1822, and has re-
sided here ever since that time, having been a widow for sixty-
one years; she is the mother of throe childrpn, two of whom are
now living; she early learned the tailoring business, working at
it nearly all her life, Mrs. R. has resided in Winchester since
1822, or nearly sixty years.

Every house now standing in Winchester has been built since
she came to the town. She lived for a long time (thirty-one years)
in a log house; and for the last twenty years in her present resi-
dence, and all that time on the same lot, on South Main street,
on the same premises with her son, Martin A. Reeder. The
building east of Riley Hiatt's hardware store was (part of it)
bnilt about the same time that Mrs. Reeder settled in the town.

She is still hale and strong, though more than eighty- four yeai-s
old, having her sight and hearing good, but failing considerably
in her memory. She has been an earnest and energetic pioneer,
and retains the plain and sturdy simplicity of her early years.
She spends much of her time with her sou, Martin A. Reeder,
who has bxiilt a neat residence upon the same premises. They
two have resided in the town longer by far than any others now

Peter Reinheimer, Winchester, was born in Schuylkill County,
Poiin., in 1815; came to Fairfield Cotmty. Ohio, in 18:^7, and to
Germantown, Ind., in 1838, and to Now Paris, Ohio, in the sauie
year; took a horseback trip to Philadelphia in November, 1SH9;
returned to Centerville, Ind., in March, 184(); maiTied Elij;abeth
Irwin in 1841; wont to New Pm-is, Ohio, in 1810, and moved to
Winchester, Ind., in 1865, which has been his place of re.sidonce
up to this time.

His business has been as follows: Chair shop, in New Balti
more, Ohio, one year, 1837; journeyman, in Germantown, Ind.,
and New Faiis, Ohio, 1838 and 1839; chair shop, in Cent<>rville,
Ind., in 1S40; chair shop, in New Paris, Ohio, from 1840 to
1849; livery business, from 1849 to 1851; grocer, etc., from
185] to 1865; hotel-keeper in Winchester, from 18G5 to 1882.

Mr. R. is a Republican; his fatiier and uncles were all
Democrats; he gave his first vote for Van Bui-en, in 18:!G, but
voted for Harrison in 1840, and has been ii Whig and a Kopul)-
licjin ever since. Mr. R. has a line reputation as a landlord, and
his business has been thriving and prosperous. He has had
eleven children, eight sons and three daughters; seven are living,
five sons and two daughters, and foui- are married.

Gideon Shaw was bom March 22, 1821, in Warren County,
Ohio; he came with his father, Joai^ph Shaw, to Groensfork
Township, Randolph County, Ind., in 1831, occupying the south-
easternmost tract in the townshi]> and county; ho worked as a
farmer till twouty-five years old, moving to Spartansburg in

1847, and entering the stock business with Ralph M. Pomeroy,
Poraeroy furnishing the capital and Sh aw doing the work. They
also put u]i a saw-mill and ran it for a time. In 1852, he
bought out the store of Henry Hill, sold the mill, and before very
long took the gootls to Iowa, in 1855. In 1857, he returned to
Spartansburg. and, in 1805, moved to Winchester, which has been
his residence ever since. Since 1857, his sole business has been
that of a loan broker.

Ho married Clarkey Corbitt, daughter of Richard Corbitt, be-
fore 1847; she died 'in 1848. In 1852. ho married Minerva
(Elison) Ireland, who is still living. He has had four children,
all living. In politics, he was a Whig till Know-Nothingism
arose. Since then he has been a Democrat. At one time, he
was a Methodist, but does not belong now; has been a member
of the I. O. O. F. for twenty-six years. For twenty years past, he
has done an average business of ^50,000 a year, never having
been sued in his life.

Mr. Shaw, when young, had only eighteen days' schooling
(when about eighteen yoai-s old); when twenty- five years old, he
could not write his name; his first wife was his teacher, and by
her he obtained an education sufficient for business. Mr. Shaw
says that forty-eight vears ago. ho first saw Thomas Ward, who
came at that time, being only about fourteen years old, to Mr.
Shaw's home, riding on a beautiful bay pony, buying coon-skins
and such like. Mr. Shaw is now a prominent citizen, reputed
wealthy, and a lender in the political party to which for twenty-
eight years he has belonged.

W. W. Smith was born in Tennessee in 1811; came to Ohio
in 1819, and to Randolph County. Ind., in 1822, and has been a
resident of the county for sixty yeare. He married Louisa
Elzroth in 1840: they have had nine children, seven of whom are
living, all grown and throe married. He was a farmer's son and
is a farmer still: ho traveled extensively while young; he held
the position of Deputy Sheriff during the terms of Sheriffs Gai--
rett, Iiwin and Forkner, and has been Constable for twenty-three
years; closing this part of his career in 1808. His life has been
an active and varied one, and he still enjoys a good measure of
health and sti'ength.

Je.'^so Way, son of John Way, blacksmith, was born in South
Carolina (Marlboro Disti'ict) in 1808; he came to Randolph
County in 1817, married Fanny Diggs in 1829, and Lucinda
Turner in 1833: he has had eleven children, three only living;
ho has been a farmer, a merchant and a busines.-i man, a clerk
and a boarding-house keeper. At one time, he was a prominent
citizen, being for three years a member of the Board of
Directors of the State Bank of Indiana. But ho was unfortunate
in pork speculations, the bane and ruin of so many dealers in those
times, and lost his property. He has been all his life, however,
estimable and upright and trustworthy and highly respected. He
was for twelve years (1833 to 1845), a merchant in Winchester,
ho has been a Friend, au Abolitionist (in early times a Whig),
ill later days, a Republican. He still resides in Winchester,
that place having been his home for alxiut fifty years.

Mr. Way has been a resident of Randolph County for about
sixty -five years, and has witnessed, in the duration of his own life,
what strange and mighty transformations have taken place from
a deep and hiileous and far-away wilderness to the land of won-
drous beauty which our eyes now behold. The number who have
dwelt for sixty-fivo years in this — Randolph County — is small
indeed, and growing rapidly less; and. erelong, the last pioneer
will have been called home, and that noble and hardy band will live
only in the memory of their posterity, or will, in many, alas!
how many cases, be utterly and forever forgotten.

Robert Way, sou of John A\'ay and brother of Jesse Way,
was born in South Carolina in 1803, and came to White River.
Randolph Co., Ind.. in 1816, with Paul W., Henry H., William
and Roliert Way and William Diggs, in his fom-teenth year.
Robert Way m;irried Judith Wilson, daughter of George T. Wil-
son (see statement) in 1826, they had five children, only two
now living; he died in 1870, at the age of seventy-three years.

He was by occupation a blacksmith; in religion, a Friend,
and afterwai-il, a Jlethodist; in politics, 3 Whig, and then an
Abolitionist, and still afterward, a Republican; he was a man of

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

steady, reliable kabits, moral, upright, trustworthy und an houor
to his business and to the community. His widow, Mrs. Judith
Way, still resides in Winchester, whore she has been living for
forty-five years. She is a woman of active temperament, en-
joys good health, and is highly esteemed by her neighbors and
friends. (See Beminiseences, by Judith Way).

Sylvanus White was Iwrn in 1834 in Kandolph County, Ind.,
being the son of Jacob A. White; he has been n plasterer by
trade since he was sixteen years old. He was in the army four
years five months and ten days, enlisting in the Eighth Indiana
Infantry for the three-months' service; thou in the same regi-
ment for three years, and veteranizing at Indianola, Texas. Ho
was at home but twice during the whole war — once on veteran
furlough and once at another time. He was aever wounded and
never lost a day's duty. He was a private and for two years
was a color-bearer. He married Jennie Seagravos in 1806, and
they have four children, all living; in politics, he is a Kopub-
lican.

John W. Williamson was born in 1804, in Frederick County,
Md. ; he removed to Pennsylvania about 1820, his father having
died shortly before that time; in 1824, ho went to Kentucky and
became a dry goods clerk, continuing for three years; he studied
law, but his health failed, and he was obliged to give up the
profession; he kept for a time a hotel in Preble County, Ohio;
taught school eighteen months near Dayton, Ohio, and shortly
after that married his wife. Thoy removed to Abington, and re-
sided also at Dalton and at Hagorstown. At one time, he repre-
sented Wayne County in the Legislatm-e. In 1851, Mr. W. re-
moved to Buena Vista, Randolph County.

He received, in 1853, an appointment as railroad agent at
Winchester for the Indianapolis & Bellefontaiue Railroad. He
kept this position for fourteen years, till 1867, about which time
he was chosen Recorder of Randolph County, and, after th(! ex-
piration of his term, he continued in the office as Deputy with
Recorder Brovfn, till his health failed. His disease was con-
sumption, to which at length ho was forced to yield, falling in
death May 9, 1877.

He was active in business and faithful and trustworthy in
every relation of life; he lived respected and died lamented. He
joined the Methodist Episcopal Church, Preble County, Ohio, in
1830, and livefl a member of that body forty-seven years. He
was a Master Mason, joining Winchester Lodge, No. 56, Mfirch
18, 1854, and the Royal Arch Chapter, June 24. 1857. His
remains were interred at the Maxville Cemetery; his age was
seventy-two years, five months and twenty-five days. In politics,
he was an energetic and enthusiastic Republican.

ALEXANDER ALMONRODE.
AlexaifJer Almonrode, a farmer, was born in RockbridRO County,
Va., August 16, 1827. He is the son of George and Margaret Almonrode,
and is the ninth of a family of ten cliiidren, of whom four are living. His
parents were born in Germany, and came to the Dnited States early in life
and settled in Virginii, Rockbridge County. They moved to I'reble County,
Ohio, in the year 18-34, where his father died the year following; his mother
came to this county in 1888, and settled near where Alexander now lives,
where she died in 1865. Alexander came to this county with his mother and
younger brother at the age of eleven years. They settled in the woods upon
an eighiy-aore tract, and they three, assisted by a few of the older brothers,
cleared up a very desirable farm. His educational advantages were very
much limited, but he acquired a sufficiency to transact all business in his line.
His schooling was confined to the subscription schools of his day, which were
in a very primitive state. He was married to Miss Delilah .Fane Pierce July
4, 1850. She is the daughter of Thomas and Lydia Pierce, and was born in
this county September 21, 1831. Sae wai raised in this county, and received
a limited education from the common district schools. Mr. and Mrs. Almon-
rode settled on the farm where they now reside in 18-50, soon after their mar-
riage. At that time, there were eighty acres of land with no improvements
with the exception of a deadening of six acres. They liattled against poverty
for a number of years, but fina'ly through industry and frugality have secured
a beautiful farm of 280 acres, with 140 under a high state of cultivation.
This farm is well improved, being underdrained and cultivated scientifically.
The farm buildings are both ornamental and convenient, of modern architect-
ure, and beautifully located in a grove of forest trees, a sketch of which is
given in this work. Mr. and .Mrs. Almonrode are the parents of ten children.
The lives of only four of them have been spared. The mijority of their de-
ceased children died in infancy. Tbeir living children are as follows : An-
thony R., born July 24, 1852; Thomas A., February 12, 1857; Luther F.,
February 20, 1865 ; .Sarah E. B., September 9, 1860. Anthony and Thomas

with their two cl

led and comfortably situated in life, the former living in Iowa and the
this county. Mr. and Mrs. Almonrode have been honored and useful
of the United Brethren Church for twenty years. Mr. A. is a stanch
an, and is ever active in the welfare of the party. Mr. and Mrs. A.,
■ounded by the comforts and some of the lux-
uries 01 me ; nonoriu ana respected neighbors and citizens, and valuable
members of sociely.

DAVID ADJ)1NGT0N, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, is a native of Wayne
County, Ind., and was born March 9, 1827. His parents were Joseph and
Celia (Townsend) Addington, who were the parents of ten children, viz.,
Rachel, Celia, Thomas, Jonathan, Elvira, Elisha, Elihu, Stephen, Benjamin and
David, our subject. His mother was left a widow when be was small, and the
boys were obliged to work hard, and enjoyed but limited educational advan-
tages. They worked in the field many nights until 9 or 10 o'clock. Mr. A.
owns 160 acres of land in White River Township. He was married in 1849,
to Miss Huldah R. Bolinger, by whom he has had four children, two living —
Joseph L. and Mary E , now Mrs. James M. Pursley. His grandfather, John
Townsend, was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Addington arc
worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

IRA ADAMSON, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, is a native of West River
Township, this county, and was born April 30, 183.3. His parents were Abra-
ham and Nancy (Botkins) Adamson. He served one year in the late war in
Company F, One Hundred and Fortieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He w.is
married in December, 1865, to Miss Nancy A. Wilmore, daughter of W. C.
Wilmore, of White River Township. Thev have ten children— Willis A., Mary
R., Sarah N., Jesse W., Luciuda A. A., John M., James 1., George W., Han-
nah F. and Theresa E. Mr. A. is a shoemaker by trade, but is also engaged in
farming. They arc members of the Predestinarian Baptist Church.

JAMES M. ADKINS is a resident of White River Township. He is an
enterprising farmer, and was born in Darke County, Ohio, June 29, 1838. He
■"' ~ ■ ■ lOf

on a farm, and obtained a common-school education. He came to Randolpl-
County in February, 1861, and has since been a resident thereof. In 1800, he wa:
married to Miss Mary C. Hart, who was a native of Darke County, Ohio, and
a daughter of Dennis Hart. They have two children, named William 0. and
Minnie A. William 0. was born August 10, 1861, and Minnie A.April 4,
1874. Mr. Adkins owns a valuable tract of land on Be;i,r Creek, consisting of
216 acres. His farming land is under good cuUivaliou and well improved,
Mr. Adkins gives his time to overseeing his farm and stock-raising. He has

the finest stock in the county.

HON. NATHAN T. BUTTS.

Perhaps among the many eminent and influential men of Randolph County,
none are more truly " self-made " than he of whom we write. His position in
" ' ' ' ined under difljculties, and in despite of circumstances

ive led to results very dissimilar to those which have
ife. He was born on the 25th of July, 1838, in Ran-
dolph County, Ind. His parents, Thomas and Elijahcth Butts, formerly resi-
dents of Ohio, came to Indiana in 18-14, and for a few brief years subsequently,
bore their share in the pioneer history of an infant community, until death
removed them from their sphere of activity, and changed the current of their
son's life. When the latter was but four years of age, his mother died, and
five years later, he and his two sisters were made orphans by the death of their
father. Soon the son began to know the bitteruess of a cruel world, and the
hardships awaiting a boy whose natural protectors were dead. His guardians
— John M. Lucas and William Kennedy — " bound him out" to a citizen of
this county to serve until ho should attain his majority. In the compact, it
was stipulated that the boy should receive three months' schooling each year,
and at the end of his period of service should receive, in addition, a suit ot
clothes and a horse, saddle and bridle. Scarcely had he reached his new home,
wiien he was made aware that a terrible life was in store for him. His master
was cruel, and kicked and abused him unmercifully upon the slightest pretext,
and more often without any pretext whatever. But the boy was only nine
years old, and not equal to the resentment of the abuses heaped upon him.
He endured them until fourteen years of age, when one morning, after an
unusually severe outburst from the old man, he determined to escape from such
a life, and turned his back upon the place where the past five years of his life
had been made wretched. In memory of his master's brutality, he carried
with him a bruised, aching knot over his eye, as large as a hen's egg. Pursued
by the old man, who started after him, with his henchmen, on horse-baok, he
finally made his way to his guardians, who released him from the bondage in
which he had been enthralled. It is a noble trait ol his character, that in th<
years of his manhood, he cherishes no resentment, and has never sought to bt
revenged upon the man who made his youth so unhappy.

After his escape, he was hired out to work by the month during the sum
mer, and attended school in the winter, working for his board. He developei!
an aptness for learning, and a thirst for knowledge, using all his leisure timi.
to the be.it advantage in its acquisition. In the spring of 1856, he became a
student in the Union Literary institution, at Sparlansburg, Randolph Co., Ind.,
and by diligent study qualified himself for teaching. On the 30th of November,
1857, he received his first license to teach school from Hon. John J. Cheney,
afterward Judge of the Randolph Probate Court. Entering zealously into tue
duties of his profession, he soon rose to the first rank as a teacher, and becams-
popular with pupils and parents alike. He subsequently removed to Wayni
County, Ind., and there, on the 19th of August, 1859, was united in marriagi
with Miss Louisa Macy. In 1861, he returned to Randolph County, and pur-
chased a small farm, to the cultivation of which he devoted his time. Durinf
the spring and summer of 1863, he was a teacher in the seminary at Winchester

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

with Prof. Cooper, a

lime reciting in snme of the higher branches.
lie latKirea two or tnree years as a teacher, with the most marlted siicoess,
until compelled by impaired health to abandon that profession, and retire to
his farm, where he resumed agricultural ptirsuils. Since then, his principal
occupation has been that of the agriculturist, and he has devoted him?5elf to hie
work with the same zeal and energy thai has characterized all his life. By hie
industry and good management, he has accumulated a comfortable store ol
worldly wealth, and has a fine farm and a cozy home, surrounded with the
comforts of life, and blessed by the presence of wife and loving children. Hie
wife, an eslifnable lady, is the daughter of Henry L. and Rachel Macy, and is s
lady of rare intelligence and wifely riualities. Her father, who is a native ol
South Carolina, came to Wayne County, Ind., with his parents in 1811), being
then ten years of age. He is still living near Williamsburg, in that county, at
the age of seventy-six years. Mr. Butts and wife are the parents of eleven
children, eight of whom are now living, viz. ; Ida P., Mary V., Anna L., Clar-
ence E., Rachel E., Mary E., YioU M. and .\lice K. Clara S., .lulia E. and an

Though in early life, Mr. Butts experienced much that had a natural ten-
dency to sour and embitter his nature, he grow up with the principles of religion
firmly implanted, and as he grew older, tlicy developed and strenirthcncd. In
the sprihg of ISfiV, he united with Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal Church,
(luring the pastorate of Rev. t). 8. .Jenkins, and before the close of his period
of probation, was appointed (Jlass Leader, a position which he held for several
years. On the 30th of May, IRD?, he was licensed to exhort by Uev. G. S.
Jenkins, and was licensed lo preach at the fjuarterly Conference held at Mount
Zion by Uev. Mahin, Presiding Elder, in .luly, 1870. At the annual conference
held at Union City, in April, 1880, he was ordained a Deacon by Bishop Foster.

Several years ago, his services began to be sought in the settlement of
estates, his well-known honesty and integrity making him very desirable as an
administrator or executor. In 1870, he was appointed administrator of the
estate of James If. .lobnsou: of the f.state of Thom.is Marshall in IS7I ; of
the e.^tale of William Kennedy in the same year, and of the estates of Nancy
Kennedy and Henry Edwards respectively in 1.881. In 1872, he was nomi-
nated hy the Republicans of this county as their Representative in the General
Assembly of ludima, and in the fall of that year was elected by a mnjorily of
1,768. He served faithfully through the regular and extra sessions of that
year, taking an active part in all the work of the House. He was, in n sense,
the author of what is known as the " Baxter I..ii|Uor Law." The original draft
of this bill was prepared by himself and William Baxter, Represent«live from
Wayne County. When the bill was brought before the House, a multitude of
amendments were proposed, which, to sccare the support of the members pro-
posing them, would necessarily have to he adopted. These amendments
so loaded the bill down, crippled its operation and destroyed its effect, that it
bccamn evident to its projectors that it could not be passed without revision.
It WHS accordingly revised by Gov. Baker, Judge Mellcit, of Henry County,
an<l others, and in its new form was passed and became a law. The. bill as
reconstructed contained many of clauses that were a part of the original bill
formulated by Mr. Butts. The local option clinse was exclusively the work of
Mr. Baxter, and this being incorporiiled verbatim in the revise'! bill, gave
In the measure the namn of the Baxter bill. The Indianapolis papers printed
u siatemeiil of the facts as here presented, and gave it the name of the Buits-
Uaxler bill, by which it was long known. Perhaps in all the legislation
of that session, there was none inio which Mr. liutis entered with ,«o much
zest and enthusiasm as that which allVcted the temperance cause. He is, and
has always been, radically and uncompromisingly an advocate and friend of
ihat cause, and hns been identified with it for yens as an active worker In the
ranks. A correspondent of the Winchester Joitrna/ was in the House when
nhen .Mr. Butts, Chairman of the Committee on Temperance, made the closing
speech in favor of the bill. .Says this correspondent: "At 2 o'clock, Mr.
Hulls took Ihe Hoor, and as I was representing Randolph County in the lobby,
1 felt ft nalunil county pride that the reprosenlutive from Randolph should suc-
ceed in putting the cap-slono in the lenijierance arch. 1'iie speech was very
effective; the oompactne.ss of its logic, the irresistible force' of the facts he
adduced, the terseness of his language, and withal the deliberate and impres-
sive style of his delivery, ciinihine<l to render his speech overwhelmingly con-
vincing. A few minutes before he arose to speak, the House was all confusion ;
weak-kneed members sat uneasily in their seats. Mr. Butts had not pro-
nounced more than two or three sentences, before he commanded the attention
of all, and before he had (.r.t halfway through, a, deathly stillness pervaded the
whole assemblage. From tin' earnest attention manifested, it was evident the
speech was producing the desiied effect. Members who before seemed entirely
indifTerenl to the pa,ssage of the bill, became intensely interested.

" Mr. Butts, by his unwavering and earnest zeal in the temperance cause,
luis won for himself the highest compliineiiis. not only from members of Ihe
Legislature, but a large porlion of the people of the State. It has been asserted
by several of the most prominent members of the House, that his was Ihe best
speech made during the present session."

cost ; and by his firmness and manly independence, he hns won many friends,
by whom he is held in the highest esleem. Df him, the Wcilrrn Lif- ISool says ;
" He is a man who is calculated to lake the world as it comes, and make the
most of it. He has a prevailing moral ami religious sonliment. and under its
control always desires to do right. He is inclined to be true and honest and
loyal 10 mankind as he understands it." Ho is a large, well-built man, full of
vitality and viiror, earnest, conscientious and intellectual— a man whose inter-
course with his fellow-men is entertaining and elevating.

LEWLS Hin.ANOEIt.

the second ..f a family of five children, two of whom are living. Of these chil-
dren, three were l)orn in Ijermany and two in the United Slates. His only
living sister, Malinda Sirohm, resides in St. Louis County, Mo. His parenU
were native Germans, and came to the United States in the year 1833 and set-
tled in Franklin County, Penu., where they lived for fifteen months, when they
moved and settled in Richmond, Wayne County, this State. They remained
here for nine lU'.nths, when they came to this county and entered land in
White River Township, and remained here until their deaths. His fiithcr died
in I8G.5 and his inuiher in 1874. Lewis was seven years old when he came,
with his parents, lo this country. He obtJiined a meager education from the
district schools of this county. His occupation has always been that of a
farmer, working very hard in his earlier days assisting his father to clear a
farm from the forests. He cultivated his father's farm until his death when
it came into Lewis' possession by will. His father vies in the French Aruij
under Bonaparte, and was actively engaged in the battle of Waterloo. He also
made the celebrated passage across the Alps with the Ftench Army. Lewis was
married to Rusina Fraze, daughter of John and Abbie Fraze, of Preble County,
Ohio, May 20, 1854. His wife was born in Darke County, Ohio, in the year
1834, but was raised principally in Preble County. Her parents came to this
county about the ye.ar 1859, and settled in White River Township, where Ihey
both died. Mr. and Mrs. Bolander are the parents of eight children, five of
whom are living — Francis N., born August 14, 18.55; Mary L., Janunry Ki,
18.50 ; Charles A., April 14, 1808 ; William C. and Johu A., July 1, 1.870. Mr.
Bolander had two gre.at uncles who took part in the Revolutionary war and
surrender with Cornwallis at Yorktown. Mr. B. Is owner and ))roprietor of
cightj-sevcn acres of good land, with .sixty-five acres under a high state of cul-
tivation, and his whole attention is given to farming and stock-raising. He
has been an active and uncompromising Republican all his life, and has done
much work for the party. His farm buildings are beautifully located and con
veniciit, a sketch of which is given in this work. He is one of Randolpli
(■)ounty's substantial and honored citizens, an industrious, prudent man, moral
upright and a Viiluable member of society.

GEORGE W. BOWSMAN, farmer, P. 0. Saratoga, was born in Preb!<'
County, Ohio, February 24, 1817, and is a son of Adam and Suson Bowsraan,
natives of Virginia, and of German descent. Adam Rowsman moved to Ohio
in 1812, where he reared his family. Our subject was reared on a farm, and
educated in Ihe common school. He was married in 1838 to Miss Sarah Al-
monrodc, a native of Virginia, and daughter of George Almonrode, deceased.
They have had eight children, five living— Susannah, Mary, Cyrus, John H.
and Jane. Mr. Bowsman moved to this county in 1839, and settled in the woods,
anrl struggled hard with nothing to start on, and has been very success-
ful. He owns 320 acres of valuable land.

ETHAN A. BROWS is a farmer and resides in White River Township;
he was born in Stony Creek Township, Randolph Co., Ind., M:irch 20, 1841 ;
he is a son of Washington Brown, who is a native of Highland County, Ohio,
The Brown family came from Virginia, and are of English descent. Ethan A
Brown's mother is a daughter of Henry Kline, who is of German descent.
When Ethan was a boy, his parents moved to Grant County, Ind., where they
resided till December, 1873, when Ethan came to Randolph. He was a soldier
in the late war, and a member of Company B, Eighty-fourth Indiana Volunteer
Infantry, and served nearly three years. He participated in the following bat-
tles, viz.: Re aei. Rocky Face Ridge, Lookout Mountain, siege of All»nl:i
and others. He was married, March 25, 1867, to Miss Mahala Brooks, daugh-
ter of Euos Brooks. They had one child— Anfla J., when Mrs. Brown died.
Mr. Brown married again September 30, 1876, to Miss Ruth E. Hinahaw.
daughter of Solomon Hinshaw. Mrs. Brown's mother, Rachel Hinshaw, was
a daughter of Joseph Hedgen. They emigrated from North Girolina. Mr. and
Mrs. Brown have had four children, of whom three are now living— Olio 0..
Orah L. and William F.

GEORGE G0\.

George Cox, fanner, was born in W
Ind., June 6, 1820. He is is the son of f

the eldest of a family of four children, and the only one who is now livinjr.
His father and mother were natives of North Carolina, and the former was
born February 15, ITflS, and the latter March 14 1801. They moved frou,
North Carolina to Ross County, Ohio, and from there to this county in the f:ill
of 181 '.I, and settled on a farm in White River Township. They lived on this
farm until the year 1842, when they moved to Wayne 'i'ownship, this county,
where his motlicr died November 11, 1857. His father was subsequently twio
married, first to Mrs. Hannah Weisner, second to Mrs. Abigail Paxton, win.
lived seven years. \ remarkable fact connected with the death of his three
wives is, they all died in the snme month and on the same day of the montli,
viz., the lllh day of November. After the death of his third wife he made
his home wiili the subject of this sketch, until his death, which ocourrc.;
Novemher 8, 1881, at the age of eighty-three years, eight months and twenty-
three days. George was raised on a farm, and has followed the occupation of
farming very successfully all his life. He received a very limited education
from Ihe subscription school.* of this county. At that time the scbouls were
almost worthless, and opened hut a very brief period during the winter. Mr.
Cox being a man possessed of more th in ordinary intelligence, is well informed
in the current literature of the day. lie was united in a first marriage lo Zer-
uiali 'i'omliiison, at the age of twenty years. His worthy wife was the daugh-
ter of William and Nanoy Tomlinson, and was a native of this county. This

follows: Nancy, born August .30, 1839, she was married, to Isom Harris, in
1801, and died October 13, 1802 ; Lavinia, burn October 23, 1840 ; William L.,
born Septeiulier 10, 1842; Angeliue T., born October 2,1844: Olinlhus, born
August 22, 1840: Tamar, born December 18,1848; Henry, born November 13,
18;->0; (iilherl, boni Angus! 15, 1852; Cyrus, born December C, 1853. Henry
died ill infancy, and Tiimar in iiiaMirer years. His faithful wife died Septem-

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

s' Church oi

ber 3, 1858. She was a devoted wife, a loviDg molher aad a zealous Christian.
Mr. Cox was united in a second marriage, to Sarah Sanders, November 22,
18H2, who still survives. She is a most estimable Christian lady. She is the
daughter of William and Tabitha Sanders, and was born in Johnson County, -
Ind., July 17, 1822. Her parents were natives of North Carolina. After his
fiut marriage, Mr. Cox settled on 120 acres of land in White River Township,
with about twenty acres cleared. He subsequently sold this and bought a
(luarter section adjoining the farm upon which he now resides. He suhse-
i|uently added hia home farm to this purchase, and is now owner and proprie-
tor of 400 acres of excellent land, wiili 200 acres under a high state of culti-
vation. As a farmer, Mr. Cox has been eminently successful, and has accu-
mulated a competence of worldly effects. He gives special attention to the
improvement and raising of stock of all kinds. His farm buildings are beau-
tiful in architecture and are situated on a commanding knoll on the Union City
pike, about tliree miles cast of Winchester. A sketch of his buildings is
given in this work. Mr, Cox has been a member of the Society of Friends all
his life, and his wife for about twenty-two years. Mr. C. has always acted and
voteil with the Republican party since its organization, was strongly anii slav-
ery during the existence of that institution, and has taken an active interest
in all moral reforms, especially the temperance reform. He is a strong advo-
cate of prohibition. Mr. and Mrs. (^ox are useful members of the church,
highly respected citizens and honored members of society, and surrounded by
all of the comforta and many of the luxuries of life.

WILLIAM RILEY COX, farmer. 1'. 0. Winchester, more commonly known
OS Riley Cox, was born in Randolph County December 8, IS-'iO, and is a son of
Benjamin and Alice Cox. He received a common school education, and has
always been a farmer. He served in the war, during the 100 day's service, in
Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Was
married, April 7, 1866, to Miss Martha Parsons, a native of Ohio, and daugh-
ter of James Paraops. of Monroe Township, this county. They have seven
children— Alice, David E., Edgar G., Jennie M., Cora, Willard R. and Ossa G.
Mr. Cox is engaged in farming and stock-raising and owns 1H3 acres of valua-
ble land. They are members of the Society of Friends.

ANDREW COX, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, is a native of White River
Township, and was born April 7, 1831. His parents were Joshua and Mar-
garet Cox, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Ohio. They
were early settlers of this county. Our subject received most of his education

•■"••■'■ River. He was married, November 27, 1852,

itive of this county, and daughter of Jacob
HicKman, an eariy settler oi ims county. They have had twelve children,
eight living— Martha E., Berrilla J., Sylvester H., Nancy A., Minnie 0., Albert
R., Andrew H, and Elta G. Martha is married to Isom Pickett. Mr. and
Mrs. Cox are members of the Society of Friends. Mr. Cox has in his posses-
sion a powder-horn, beiutifully engraved with Indian hieroglyphics, which
was purchased of a squaw, by his father, for a basket of turnips.

JAMES J. CLAYTON, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born in Kent County,
Md., August 8, 1819, and is a son of Stephen and Mary Clayton, who
located in Randolph County in 1820. The former died in 1834 and the latter
in 1858. Mr. Clayton's mother was left a widow with a large family of small
children, and she therefore had much hard work to do. His educational ad-
vantages were very limited. The schools were taught wholly by subscription,
and tor a very short term in the winter only. Their schoolhouse was a round-log
cabin, with a tnn-foot fire-place in one end, split logs for seats, and a log re-
moved from one side of the house for a window. Our subject's uncle, James
Clayton, settled close to his brother Stephen, with an eighty-acre between then:
This they finally procured, by keeping others off until they could obtain the
money with which to pay for it. James Clayton died in Wayne County, Ind.,
in 1873. In those early days, the pioneers made log-rolling a special work in
the spring of the year. Mr. Clayton rolled logs, at one time, for eighteen days
in succession, leaving blood marks on his hand spike. Burning brush at
nights was a pastime. He was married, in 1844, to Miss Jemima, daughter of
Peter Hester, who came to this county in 1832. They have had two children
—Willard F., living, and Stephen L., who died at the age of ten. Mr. Clayton
owns 473 acres of valuable land in the White River Valley, and is engaged in
farming and stock-raising. Mr. (Jlayton had the Indian boys for his playmates,
and their playground was the presentsite of the Macksville Cemetery. He has
been engaged in shipping stock, more or less, for the past twenty years.

JOHN M. CLAYTON, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born in this county,
where he now resides, October 29, 1831, and is a son of Stephen and Mary
(Cheffins) Clayton, natives of Maryland. In the early days, his father had to
go thirty miles to mill. Mr. C. was married, in 1859, to Miss Mai-y Wright,
daughter of Solomon Wright, of Stony Creek Township. She was born in
Stony Creek Township January 4, 1830. Mr. Clayton obtained most of his
education at home by the fireside. He owns 61 G acres of land. He rents out
his land and deals in stock.

DAVIDSON CHEESMAN, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Wayne
County, Ind., December 18, 1836, and is a son of Ebenezcr and Jane (Culbert-
son) Cheeaman, the former a native of New Jersey, and the latter of Bourbon
County, Ky. Mr. Cheesman was brought up on a farm, and educated in a log
cabin, and sat on slab seats, and wrote on a board, supported by pins in the
wall I he was married in 1856, to Miss Ann Taylor, by whom he has had nine
children, seven living— .lohn, Elmey, Minnie A., Cora M.. Taylor, Eddie and
Susan. Mr. Cheesman owned and ran a saw-mill and machine shop for about
two years while in Wayne County. He came to Ibis county in February, 1867,
where he now resides, on Section 27, White River Township, and is engaged
in farming and stock-raising. Mr. and Mrs. Cheesman are members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church.

GILBERT COATS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Randolph Coun-
ty October 4, 1839, and is a son of Thomas W. and Sarah Coats (deceased),
the former a native of Ohio, and the latter of Jay County, Ind. Mr. Coats
was raised on a farm, and educated in the common school. He helped his

father make a farm in the woods. October 5, 1867. he married Miss Lydia
Pickett, a native also of this county, and daughter of William Pickett, an early
settler of this county. They have seven children — Leroy, Sylvester, Loly B.,
Iowa L., William T., Nellie and Mary E. Mr. Coals owns 120 acres of land in
Section 23.

WILLIAM DIGGS was one of the earliest settlers on the bank* of White
River, and bore a prominent part in the history of Randolph Couuty. He was
born in 1794, in North Carolina, and came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1816
In the winter of that year, he was married, in the adjoining county of Wayne,
to Charlotte, daughter of Henry Way ; he entered the northwest quarter of
Section 24, in White River Township, on the 27lh of September, 1810. and be-
gan the labor of carving out a farm from the woodland around him. His fam-
ily isbelieved to have been the first to settle on White River. Henry, Paul W.,
William and John Way came soon aflerw.ird, but until their arrival Mr. Diggs
and his wife were alone in the forest, their nearest neighbors being located on
Green's Fork, Nolan's Fork, and West River respectively. They were pioneers
in the truest sense, and endured all the privations and hirdships that charac-
terize the early settlements of the West. Mrs. Diggf(when agirl), lived with
her parents in Wayne County during the Indian war, and after the restoration
of peace was told by the Indians : " We could have killed you easy enough, as
wo lay in ambush, while you and your sister were out milking the cows." They
had the courage to enter the wilds of this county, and despite all the hardships
to which they were subjected, hew out a farm and establish a home. And here
they reared their children, thirteen in number, training them for honorable
and useful stations among the best citizens. In the years that followed, when
the light of civilization began to penetrate the forest, and the constantly in-
creasing population of the settlement brought with it a degree of progress and
prosperity, they were found among the friends of public improvement and ad-
vancement, and did all within their power to encourage enterprises for the pub-
lic good. The land upon which Mr. Diggs located was the seventh tract entered
in White River Township. Entering it thus, at the nominal price established by
the Government, was a circumstance greatly in his favor, as it appreciated rap-
idly, and in later years represented a value of several thousands of dollars ; he
wits a stnmg, energetic man, and spent the best years of a vigorous manhood in
the cultivation and improvement of his farm. He was an excellent neighbor,
and in all respects a worthy member of society. He was attached to Dunkirk
Meeting, one of the earliest organizations of the Society of Friends, and was
known always as an honorable, upright man, one whose life was consistent with
his professions of Christianity. He lived to see the backwoods settlement of
his early manhood grow into a populous and thrifty farming community, and
the county in whose forests he first wielded the pioneer's ax take its place as one
of the foremost in the State. His wife died many years ago, but he still sur-
vives, borderinji; closely upon the age of ninety years ; he now lives in Iowa,
having accompauied his children to that State several years ago. Of his chil-
dren, eight only now survive. Fanny, the eldest, married Mattliew Hill, and
now resides at Jericho; Ruth, resides at Farmland ; Pleasant, .Joseph, .\nthony
and Henry, resides in the Stale of Iowa; Anna, wife of Jessie Reynard, resides
east of Buena Vista, and Eunice, wife of Thomas Moorman, resides at Winches-

SQUIRE DAVIS, farmer, P. 0. Saratoga, was born in Wayne County, Ind.,
December 4, 1826, and is a son of Samuel and Nancy Davis. They came to this
county in 1831, and settled in the woods. There was no road to Winchester
except a trail. His father went all the way to Richmond, Ind., to mill, on
horseback, a distance of twenty miles. Mr. Davis went to school in a log
cabin, sat on a slab seat, and wrote on a board supported on pins in the wall.
He was married in 1848 to Miss Mary Haworth, a native of Winchester, and
daughter of David Haworth. They have had eleven children, of whom seven
are living— Favilla, Asa, Emeline, William R,, Francis M., David H. and M.ary
A. Mr. Davis was a soldier in the late war for eight months, but was sick all
the time and unable for duty. He owns fifty-six acres of land. Mr. and Mrs.
Davis are worthy members of the United Brethren Church.

WILLIAM H. DEMORY.
William It. Demory, son of John and Sarah (Robinson) Demory, was burn
in Guilford County, N. C, July 4, 1826. He is the eighth of a family of eleven
ohildren, of whom three are now living and residing in this Slate. His father
was born a slave, in Charleslown S. C, in 1786, and his mother was also born
a slave, in Guilford County, N. C, in 1790. His mother obtained her freedom
by the " will " of her master when she was eighteen years of age. His father
remained in slavery until he was Iwenly-six years of age, when he ran away
from his master and came to this State and county. His first attempt to
run away was unsuccessful. His pursuers caught and bound hiin ; but while
they were comfortably partaking of a repast, the ropes that bound hiia were cut
by William Knott, and he made his escape, and in order to elude the dogs that
were set on his trail he swam a millpond, and waded a stream for some distance,
when he left the water and took to the woods. He came to this county about the
year 1827, when he was soon after joined by his family. During the " Nat "
Turner Insurrection, John Demory was accused of being implicated, and his
life was in danger. This was the principal cause of his leaving the South. His
life as a slave was not a severe one, being a light mulatto, handsome and intelli-
gent, his master selected him as a personal servant. The subject of this sketch
left his home in North Carolina, May 12, 1840, at the .age of fourteen years, and
went to New York City, where he was employed as waiter in hotels for one year.
He served in this capacity in the Howard. Astor and Broadway Hotels. While
serving at these hotels, he became acquainted with a sea captain, who induced
him to enter into his employ as a body servant on the sloop of war " James K.
Polk." They made a voyage to Gibraltar, where the vessel was burned.
After this event, he accompanied his Captain on a six-months' voyage along -
the coasts of Africa, Italy and France. He then returned to the United
States, arriving .at the Brooklyn Navy Y^nrd, and embarked on the steam-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ship "Washington" (the first steatoBliip ever built in America), in the
oapaoily of a steward. He made two trips to Europe on this vessel, when
he was transferred to the " Herman," in which he made two trips to Germany.
He then embarked on the sailing vessel " Iroiiuois," as Second Assistant Stew-
ard. He made one round trip to Europe in this vessel, which required forty-
two days. So scarce were the provisions on this trip that the officers and
passengers were put on half-rations for ten days, and the stewards resorted to
the contents of the swill barrel to keep from starvation. He then went to
Montreal, Canada, where he was employed in the Donegana Hotel as waiter,
where he remained for four months. He then went to Cincinnati, and em-
barked on the steamer " Pike No. 3," as Second .Steward. He made one round
trip to New Orleans on this vessel, where he was employed on the " Fanny
BuUett," named in honor of the daughter of Judge BuUett, of Kentucky He
remained on this vessel seven or eight months as steward, running from Louis-
ville to New Orleans. While on this steamer. Mr. Demory was in constant and
Krcat danger of being kidnaped, and in order to avoid this he resorted to the
strategy of getting up a false bill of sale, and placing it in the care of a friend,
who claimed him as bis slave. In this transaction, Mr. Demory placed his lib-
erty entirely at the mercy of this friend, but his trust was not betrayed. After
his service on the " Fanny Bullett," he embarked on the Red River expedition
on the "Echo No. 2." This vessel ran from New Orleans to Shreveport, La.
After one year's service on the " Echo" as Steward, he was transferred to the
"Magnolia," which ran from St. Louis to New Orleans. He served on this
vessel for one year, when he was trnnsferrei to the Missouri River packet
" James H. Lucas, ' where he remaiueil for one year. He then returned to
Cincinnati, and was employed in fitting out six packets for the Upper Missis-
sippi trade. He was then employed on the 'Itaska," running from St. Louis
to St. Paul. He remained on this vessel for one year, when he was employed
for a few mouths on the " Roger Williams," running from Madison to Louis-
ville, on the Ohio River. This ended Mr. Deraory's life on the waters, after a
service of nearly twelve years. In the year 185!), he came to this county, and
rented land for three years. He then purchased eighty acres. He has been
engaged in farming and stock raising ever since he came to the county. His
farm is well improved, with good buildings, and sixty acres of land under culti-
vation. Mr. Demory is a florist of considerable notoriety. He has a fine col-
horticulture. He was married to Martha E. Scroggins June 24, 185]. This
union has never been blessed with any children, but Mr. and Mrs. Demory
have had the raising and educating of three children until grown up, and now
have two chihlren under their parental care. They are both acceptable mem-
bers of the Christian Church. Mr. Demory has a good education, considering
his advantages. lo addition to the common district schools, he has attended
one term at Oberlin College, Ohio. He takes an unusual and active interest in
the subject of education, and has done much for the cause in this county and
elsewhere. He has always been a stanch Republican in sentiment, and has
acted and voted with that party since the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment
to the United States Constitution. Ho is a man of superior intelligence, is in-
dustrious and frugal, well to do in the world, and a moral, upright citizen.

ELI EDWARDS (deceased) was born in North Carolina February 3, 1808,
and was a son of Jonathsn Edwards, who removed, with his family, to thia
county in 1817. Jonathan Edwards cut the first tree on the present site of
Winchester. They had Indians for neighbors, and the Edwards boys played
with the Indian boys. On one occasion, when Mr. Edwards wa.s chopping in
the timber, an Indian slipped up under cover of the thick brush, and jumped
up behind him, and holloaed " Hoo, hoo," just simply for amusement. Ho
accomplished his object, for it frightened Mr. Edwards nearly out of his wits.
The Indians would sometimes ask for dinner, and would always tjvke all the
victuals from the table, carrying ofi' what they could not eat. Wild game was
abundant. One day, old Mr. Edwards went in search of a deer, and while gone
the dogs ran a deer into the yard. Mrs. Edwards ran to their assistance with
the ax, and dispatched Mr. deer on short notice. She then prepared a nice
dinner for Mr. Edwards, who returned late in the day, tired and hungry, with
no game. Our suiyeot, Eli Edwards, like all pioneer boys, had to work very
hard in clearing up a farm. When grown, he opened up a farm for himself,
which is now occupied by his widow and heirs. He lost one of his oxen, and
he made harness of hickory bark for the other ox. and hauled the rails with
him to fence his first field. In those days, they went to Richmond, Ind., to get
their milling done. He attended school in a log cabin, and sat on a split log
seat, and warmed by a ten or twelve foot fire-place. The window consisted of
one log removed from the side of the house, with grea.sed paper pasted over the
aperture. He was married, January 13, H31. to Mies Catharine E. Eltiroth,
daughter of John Eltzrotli, who removed with his family to this county in
1818. Mr. EHzroih had previously purchased his land and hired a cabin
erected. There was no opening to the inside except the crevices between the
logs, and they sawed one log out and the mother and children crawled through ;
but another had to be uiwed out before the man could enter. Thi.>i being done,
;hcy built a fire <in the dirt floor, iu the middle of the house. They lived with
no olh'T floor in the house until the following spring. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards
had nine children, of whom six are living; — Louisa J., Mahala A., Nathan J.,
Calvin I!., Jonathan L. and William W. Mr. Edwards died July 29, 1880,
loved and re*pecled by all. Calvin Elward.v w.as a soldier in the late war, in
Company H, Kighty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, for nearly three years,
and participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Franklin, siege of Atlanta,
.Nashville and others, twenty-three in all.

OBADIAH FIELDS, farmer, P. t). Winchester, was born in Ward Town-
ship, this county, November 8, 1833, and is a son of Lansford atid Nancy
Fieldj, who emignited from Tennessee to this county in the year 1830. His
e*rly life wis spent upon a farm, as also the remainder, except about three
years, which time he engajei in the meromtile business, lie was married, in
1858. lo Miss Mary M. Stick, d mehler of Ca^psr Stick, «ho emigrated from
Pennsylvania to this couity in 1803. They have seven children — Martha,

Henry 0., Alice, Florence, Willis, Minnie B. and Webster. Mr. Fields located on
bis present farm in 1875, and now owns 200 acres of valuable land. There is
a mound of pre-historic origin at the west end of his farm, thirty feet in diam-
eter and five feet high.

JOHN FKA/.Bb;, farmer, P. 0. Saratoga, was born in Preble County, Ohio,
on Washington's birthday, 1821, and is the souof Johnand Abigail Frazee,the
former a native of New Jersey and the latter of Pennsylvania. Mr. Frazee
was reared on a farm, and educated iu the common schools. He was married,
in November, 1845. to Miss Nancy Lasley.by whom he has six children — Mar-
garet A., William H., Hiram C, Richard O., Samuel E. and Sarah B. (deceased).
Mr. Frazee owns 100 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-rais-
ing. They are members of the Unit«d Brethren Church at White River Chapel.

NATHAN FIDLER is a farmer and resides in White River Township. He
is a native of Ohio, and was born October 15, 1824. His fatheri John Fidler,
was born in Bedford County, Penn., and his mother, Sarah Fidler, was bom in
Belmont County, Ohio. His great-grandfather, Annanias Peacock, was killed
before the Revolution by the explosion of a powder-mill in New Jersey, oppo-
site Philadelphia. Mr. Fidler was raised on a farm, and at the age of eighteen
he learned the ctrpenter trade, which he pursued till 18C4. He came to Ran-
dolph County in 1851. and in 1864 located on his land, which was an unbroken
forest, where he now resides. He was married, in 1847, to Miss Mary A.
Walsh. They have had four children, namely, Sarah, Elizabeth, James M.
and George W. Mr. Fidler is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and has
filled the chair of Master. He is also a member of the Patrons of Hus-
bandry. He owns a fine farm of 120 acres, and devotes his time to agricultural
pursuit and stock-raising.

E\03 D. F0U3E is an engineer, and was born in Randolph County Novem-
ber 17, 1838, and is a son of James Fouse. He was reared on a farm and edu-
cated in the common schools. He was married, Ipril 7, 1869, to Miss Charity
Hickman. Mr. and Mrs. Fouse have had ten children, namely, Isabell, Pullana
L., Alvin and Elvin (twins), Sallie A., Flora B., John R., Louie .M., Henry H.
and James H. Mr. and Mrs. Fouse are members of the Christian Church.

LEVI GREENE (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in
Ohio in October, 1813, and was a son of Jesse and Sarah Green, who came
to this county in 1817. He was reared on a farm and educated in a log house.
He labored hard and long to assist in preparing the way for the prosperity of
future generations. He was married, October 8, 1835, to Miss Elizabeth Bowers,
daughter of Jacob Bowers, who came to this county in 1833. They bad eleven
children, of whom eight are living, viz., Hetty A., Sarah E., Mary M., William
R., Henety T., John E., Levi W. and (Jhristian L. Mr. Greene died August
11, 1809. He was a worthy member of the M. E. Church, and was a very
benevolent man, always lending his aid to build up churches and schools and
all benevolent institutions. When a boy, he had the Indian boys for his play-

RUDOLPH GOOD, miller, Macksville, was born in York County, Penn.,
January 24, 18'2o, and is a son of John and Elizabeth Good. He was reared
on a farm and received a limited common school education. He came to Wayne
County, Ind., in 1847, and soon after went to hie trade— milling. He was
married, in February 1851, to Miss Sai-ah Moore, by whom he had nine chil-
dren, six living, viz., John, Elizabeth, Henry, Maria, Charles and Edith M.
They came to this county in 1870, since which time he has operated the Macks-
ville Flouring Mill, except about one year. This mill was erected in 1860, by
Robert Cox. Mr. Gind makes very " good " flour.

DAVID HEASTON (deceased), the son of John and Mary A. Heaston,
was born in Virginia February 3, 1792. He was the fourth of a family of
seven children, only one of whom now survives, viz., Hannah Maxwell, who
resides in Delphi, Carroll C>.. Ind. David's parents moved to Montgomery
County, Ohio, when he (David) was nine years of age and entered the land
now occupied by the National Soldiers' Home, near Dayton. David's father
and mother were born in Germany. His father was married three times. His
first and second wives were sisters, and were born and raised in Germany.
His third wife was a native of Pennsylvania. He came to the United States in
very early times, and settled in Rockingham County, Va. He remained here
until the death of his first wife, when he returned to Germany, and was subse-
quently married a second lime, and returned to Virginia and remained until
the death of his second wife. After his third marriage, he moved to Mont-
gomery County, Ohio, in the year 1801, where he remained until his death,
which occurreii in 1822, and was buried on the land occupied by the Soldiers'
Home. He was the father of twelve children, and was highly educated for
one of his time, and taught school for a great many years. The subject of this
sketch was raised on a farm near Dayton, and lived with his parents, enduring
all of the deprivations and hardships of pioneer life until his marriage. His
educational advantages were very much limited, having at'.ended school but
fourteen days in his life. Yet he was a fair scholar in literature and an excel-
lent accountant, the result of self-educatioo. He enlisted in the war of 1812,
and was engaged against the Indians on the Western frontier; he remained in
the army, doing gallant service until the war closed. He was married, about
1817, to Catharine Prcssel, daughter of Daniel and Magdaline (Ledy) Pressel.
After marriage, he worked in a distillery near Dayton for two years, when he
and his wife and infant daughter, Mary Ann, came to this county, arriving
December 25, 1819. David bought 160 acres of unimproved land three miles
south of Winchester, and subsequently added ninety acres to the purchase;
he lived upon this farm until 1832, when he sold out and bought 140 acres im-
mediately adjoining Winchester on the west. This wa.s known as the David
Stout farm. There were some slight improvements on this farm when he
bought, there being a log cabin and a few acres cleared. He subsequently
added to this farm by purchase until it consisted of a section of excellent land.
He lived there until his death, which occurred December 18, 1866.

Cathauine (Preisbl) Hkaston, his wife, was born in Pennsylvania Sep-
tember 9, 1793. She moved with her parents to Ohio about the same time of
John Heaslon and family, and settled three miles southwest of Dayton on Bear

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Creek. She died in this county August 9, 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Heaston were
the parente of four children, of whom three are now living, as follows : Mary
Ann Wright, who resides in this county ; Nathaniel P. Heaston, who resides in
Adams County, this State; and Lewis 1,. Heaston, who resides in Jay County,
this State. Their son, David Heaston, died July, 1883. In 1828, Darid moved
to the town of Winchester, and remained for one year, Iteeping hotel. He and
his wife had to struggle against poverty in their early settlement in this county,

amount of property. Mr. Heaston was noted for his kindness of heart and lib-
erality, especially toward the poor and unfortunate. His hand and heart were
ever open to supply their wants, and it is said he never turned the hungry away
from his door. In addition to their own family, Mr. and Mrs. Heaston raised
and educated five persons. He and liis sons, Nathaniel and Lewis, took the
contract of grubbing and grading the Bee-Line Railroad through this county.
His wife was a woman of small stature, but of strong constitution, and was of
indispensable service to her husband in their pioneer life. Mr. Heaston was

of the party of his choice. Mr. and Mrs. Heaston were honored and exem-
plary citizens of the county, and none knew them but to love and respect
them.

RICHARD SMITH HAGERMAN was born July 19, 1804, at Lamberton,
N. J. In 1822, he moved to Phillipsburg, N. J., and to Easton, Penn., in
1845. In 1854, he came to Indiana, locating in Randolph County, on a farm,
two and a half miles northeast of Winche.sler. In 1826, he married Julia Ann
Phillips, a daughter of Gen. Phillips, with whom he enjoyed twenty-two
years of connubial happiness. By this union they were the parents of ten
children, only three of whom now survive, Philip R., William P. and Sarah A.
His wife died, and in 1848 he wedded Amanda, daughter of Henry Hill, of
Easton, Penn. Eleven children were the fruits of this second union, and six
still survive, viz., Charles J., Frank W., Daniel S., Josephine A., James M. and
Elmer E. Mr. Hagerman was reared on a farm, and made agricultural pursuits
his principal occupation through life. At the ap;e of seventeen years, he united
with the Presbyterian Church, at Eastun, Penn., but in 1802 united with the
Methodist Episcopal denomination, at Kizer's Chapel, near Winchester, Ind.
On the 29th of March, 1863, he received license as an exhorter, by Rev. John
F. Pierce, and on the 6th of March, 1871, was licensed as a local preacher by
Rev. N. H. Phillips, Presiding Elder. He was ordained as Deacon by Bishop
E. R. Ames, at Huntington, Ind., on the 16th of April, 1871, and after his
ordination preached at Kizer's Chapel, Mount Zion and other places. He was
firm, steadfast and earnest in his religious faith, and his labors as a minister
were blessed by good results. He possessed great decision of character, and
having made up his mind that he was right, he maintained the course dictated
by his own conscience. It is related of him, as illustrating his firmness, that
he decided to abandon the use of tohaoco, after having indulged this practice
for years. He was more than sixty years of age when he formed this resolu-
tion, and adhered faithfully to his determination until the day of his death.
He was an honored and useful member of society, and for more than a quarter
of a century was an interested participant in the events that took place within
the limits of Randolph County. He died at his home near Winchester, on the
14tli of July, 1882, in the seventy-eightli year of his age. He lived the life of
a Christian, and died with a firm belief in a blessed immortality. His funeral
took place from the Methodist Episcopal Church at Winchester, on Sunday,
.luly 10, 1882, the sermon being preached by Rev. R. D. Spellmaii, his former
pastor and intimate friend.

AMOS HALL.

This most excellent citizen was born in Clinton County, Ohio, September
4, 1839. He is the son of Moses and Sarah Hall, and is the second of a family
of ten children, four boys and six girls, six of whom are now living ; his mother
died in this county December, 1802 ; his father is now living in the State of
Kanms ; hia parents removed from Ohio in 18.54, and settled in Washington
Township, Randolph County, on a firm where his father remained until 1871,
and his mother until her death. The subject of this skeloh remained on his
farther's farm until he was twenty-one years of age, sharing the hardships and
trials as well as the blessings of most farmer boys ; he early learned the lesson,
that industry and perseverance are necessary elements of success in life. His
education was limited to the common schools of his township ; his time, while
at school, was employed to the very best advantage, realizing the importance of
an education ; he succeeded in acquiring a thorough knowledge of the common
branches and elements of book-keeping. lie enlisted as a soldier August, 1802,
in Company H, Eighty-fourth Regiment, under Capt. George Carter. On ac-
count of physical inability, he never did active service ; he was prostrated with
disease very soon after enlisting, and did not recover for two years. He was
married to Ruth A. Benson, daughter of Isaac and Martha Benson, of this
county, June 1, 1861. Mr. and Mrs. Hall settled on a farm consisting of forty

here until the year 1809, when he was employed by the Board of County Com-
missioners as Superintendent of the County Infirmary, a position he has held
continuously evfr since, with the exception of the year 1878; that he has filled
this most important and re.'fponsible position with entire satisfaction to the Com-
missioners and people of the county, his continuance in the office is the best
evidence. In this position he has the entire control of a farm of 218 acres, of
which 170 are under cultivation, and the constant care of from forty-five to
seventy inmates. The greatest number of inmates at this institution at one
time was seventy-eight, and the least number twenty-three. All of the inmates
who are able, assist to some axtent, in the cultivation of the farm, the proceeds
of which are used for their maintenance ; all proceeds of sales from the farm
are turned into the County Treasury. The number of homeless children in this
institution are from six to twelve. The best of care is taken of these wards of
the county having advantages of both common and Sabbath schools. Mr. and
Mrs. Hall, while they provide amply for the welfare of all of the inmates of the

infirmary, take a special interest in the homeless children, and to their credit
it may be said, that they give them the same opportunities they do their own
children. Much more might be said commendatory of Mr. Hall's management
of the County Infirmary, but it would extend this sketch beyond its proper
limits. Mr. and Mrs. Hall are the parents of nine children, four of whom are
living, two boys and two girls, the ruthless hand of death having removed five
children, two sons and three daughters. Mrs. Hall is an acceptable and hon-
ored member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is an invaluable as-
fislant to her husband in the discharge of the duties as Superintendent of tbe
Infirmary. In fact, much of his success is due to her enterprise and good judg-
ment. Mr. Hall has always been a Republican in political preferment, and,
although never having asked for any office at the hands of the people, has
always worked industriously for the success of the party of hi& choice. Mr.
and Mrs. Hall are widely known throughout the county, and are known only
to be most highly respected.

LEWIS L. HEASTON is a native of this county, and was born April 29,
1827, on Sugar Creek, White River Township. His parents were David and
Catherine Heaston, who emigrated to this county in 1820. There were four of
the children in the Heaston family, of whom three are living, viz., Mary A
(now Mrs. Wright, of this township), Nathaniel P., of Adams County, Ind., and
our subject. In 1833, the family removed to the David Heaston farm, in Sec-
tions 19 and 20, adjoining the corporation of Winchester ; here they cleared
and improved over 300 acres of land. Mr. Heaston was married, September
19, 1850, to Miss Louisa J. Edwards, also a native of this county, and a daugh-

dren, seven living— Mary H., Rosa B., Sarah J,", B. Ellen, C. L. V., Eva 0. and
Lula M. For the most part, Mr. Heaston has engaged in farming, but for ten
years he engaged in the milling business. In 1870, he. in company with his
brother. Nathaniel P., erected the city fiouring mills in Winchester— a large
brick structure. Mr. Heaston is a member of the Masonic order.

CHRISTIAN HUFFMAN is a farmer, and his post office address is Win-
chester. He was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 4, 1819, and is a
son of Stephen and Catharine Huffman, natives of Virginia. He came to this
county with his parents in 1822, and settled in the woods, and was all his life

horseback. There w

When
a small mill on Salt C

llingoi

IS fiftee

Salt Creek Mill was not running, he had to go to the Smith-
field Mill, fifteen miles away. Owing to the crowd he bad to stay two days
and two nights, and then had to come away without getting his flour bolted, as
bolting was done by hand, and the bolt being three days behind the uuhr. He
brought his grinding back and bolted It himself at the home mill, where the
mill and bolt were both idle. He attended school in a log cabin with clapboard
roof slab seats, and a log cut for a window. He was married February 15,
1860, to Miss Jane Muckey, a native of New York, and daughter of Jacob
Muckey. In the Huffman family there were seven children, and now but four
are living— Leonidas, born May 3, 1854 ; Evangeline, born February 20, 1858,
and died February 2, 1881; Stephen D., born July, 18tJ0; Ellen A., born
March 14, 18(;4 ; Mary W., born September 25, 1869.

JOSEPH B. HULL, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Elizabethlown,
N. J., October 6, 1825, and is a son of Jehlel and Charlotte (Jones) Hull, also
natives of New Jersey. Mr. Hull worked on a brick yard froui the time he
was eight years of age unil after he was twenty-one. He attended the common
school during the winter months. He came with his parents to Cincinnati,
Ohio, in 1832, and In 1834 to Wayne County, Ind. In 1836, they returned to
Cincinnati, where they remained until 1839, when they came to Randolph
C. unty and settled on the farm now owned by our subject. He was married
Novetnber 18, 1847, 'o Miss Lucy E., daughter of Stephen Haynes, of West
Rivfr Township, this county. They have had eight children, of whom six are
living, viz.: Ch'..riotie, Laura R, Ida A., Henry C, Lucy A. and James F.
Mr. Hull is engaged in farming and stock-raising, and owns ninety-five acres
of valuable land. Mr. and Mrs. Hull are members of the M. E. Church. He
owns thirteen shares in the Lynn & Winchester pike.

GEORGE HIATT, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Grayson County,
Va.. August 12, 1805, and Is a son of Jonathan and Rachel Hiatt, natives of
North (Carolina. He came with his parents to this county in 1818, and set-
tled in the thick woods, where all had to work very hard to obtain the necessa-
ries of life. Mr. Hiatt had Indian boys for his playmates. He was married,
March 27, 1828. to Miss Lucinda Nixon, by whom he has nine children, viz. :
Eliza, Almira, Mary E., James M., John S., William F., Henry C, Thomas N.
and Solon E. Mr. Hiatt is a farmer and stock-raiser, and owns 317 acres of
valuable land. Mr. Hiatt is among the oldest residents, and has done much to
build up his neighborhood.

ELWOOD HIATT is a farmer, of White River Township, and occupies the
old homestead of his father. He was born in Randolph County January 9,
1840, and has always been engaged upon the farm. He is a son of Moses and
Lavina (Edwardi) Hiatt. His paternal grandfather was Zachariah Hiatt, who
moved to Wayne County, Ind., in 1818, and soon afterward to Randolph County,
and was among the first settlers. His maternal grandfather was Jonathan
Edwards, Sr., who was a native of North Carolina, and an early settler in
Randolph County. Elwood was married February 22, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth
A. Ludy, daughter of Henry Ludy, and a native of Randolph County. Mrs.
Hiatt was born May 27, 1842. Mr. and Mrs. Hiatt were educated in the com-
mon schools. They have eight children, viz. : Charles L., born December 16,
1800; Emma D., August 7, I8S8; Mary E., September 21, 1870; AnnaC,
September 15, 1872; Minnie M., November 23, 1874; George W., August 18,
1876; Cora M., September 24. 1878; and Garfield, January 13, 1881. Mr.
and Mrs. Hiatt with their little family group, now occupy their pleasant
country home of 194 acres of fertile lands in the enjoyment of all there is in
life. They are widely known, and are highly esteemed by all who know them.
Mr. Hiatt's father died July 1, 1856, aged fifty-two years and twenty-two days.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Mr. Ilintt's mother died February Z, 18l>8, .aged fifty-four years and twenty-
two days.

AMOS HIAIT, deceaaeol. The subject of this sketch wiis born in Guilford
Ciinly, ^f. C, April 20, 1811, and came to this couuly as early as 18;?2. He
w.as a blaokamith and farmer. Was married twice, the first time to Miss Hau-
nuji Hales, by whom he had five children ; of these three are living, viz.: Louisa,
Evaline and Samuel. His second wife was Miss Martha Roberts, whom he mar-
in 1847. Her father, .James Roberts, now resides with her, at the age of
seveulyeight years. Mr. Hiatt had seven children by the second wife, six of
whom are living— Hannah C, Calvin, Charles, Allen, Almeda and Delia. Mr.
Hialt died in November, 1873. Hannah 0. is married to William T. Reszell,
who is now superintending the farm. They have one child — Olive Myrlle.

WILLIAM HAWKINS, deceased. This worthy old settler, who has gone
lo rest, was born in Union County, S. C, .January 11, 1809. He moved to
Norlh Carolina in 1824, and to Richmond, lud., in 1830. He was married in
^^:lyne County, in 1833, to Miss Agatha Teagle, who was born in Augusta
Cunly in 1810, and came with her parents to Wayne County in 1820. They
had ten children, of whom eight are living, viz.: Elizabeth, Rachel, Martha,
.Jiuncs W., Columbus, Etta, Matilda and William L. Mr. Hawkins moved with
his family to this county in 1842, when: he engaged in farming, in which he
was eminenlly successful until his death. He owned over 700 acres of land,
beaides much personal property, lie died May I'.l, 1880, loved by all. He was
a fuithful Christian, and worthy member of the M. E. Church for forty-seven
years, and died in full triumph of living faith. William L. Hawkins, youngest
son of the above, now owns the old hoaieslead. and is engaged in farming and
stock-raising. He was born in the house in which he still lives, July 20, 1854,
and is an enterprising young bachelor.

LOUIS HOBBICK, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. Mr. Hobbick is a native of
this county, and was born May 13, 1840, in White River Township. His
piirents were Christian and Chtislina Holibiek, natives of Germany. He was
brought up a farmer boy, and educated in the common schools, and the Win-
chester High School. He enlisted in the late war, but was pronounced physi-
cally unable by ihe ejamining physician, and was refused. lie was married,
February, 18U3, to Miss Mary Hounour, daughter of Matthias Hounour. She
was born also in this county. They have five children— Chariey, Emma, Bruce,
William and Catharine. Mr. H. owns 114 acres uf valuable land, and is en-
gaged in farming on Section 25, White River Township.

WILLIAM Y. HURST, farmer. P. 0. Unionsport, is a native of En.st Ten-
nessee, i.nd was born September 24, 1817. His parents were James and Eliza-
beth Hurst; he was reared on a farm, and educated in a log cabin, which had
a puncheon fi ^or and clapboard ceiling. His parents removed to Ohio when he
was two months old, and in 1819 oame to Wayne County, Ind. Mr. Hurst
came to White River Township and settled on Section 0, where he still resides;
he did a great deal of hard work. On the 2ntli of April, 1840, he married Miss
Miiry Love, by whom he had thirteen children ; of these but five are living,
vi7. . J.asper N., Nancy J., Mary E., Elizabeth A. and Harriet L. Their son,
Hi'nry H., came lo a sad death on the Uth of December, 1880, while hunting;
he was standing on a log, and his gun slipped, striking the lock on the log,
when it was discharged into his leg and abdomen, killing him almost instantly,
lie was a soldier in the late war, where he fought in many of the hardest and
Miiist bloody battles. While there, by his bravery, won Ihe confidence of nil his
lonirades. .Jasper N. was also a soldier in the late war. Henry also accom-
pnnieil <i»n. Sherman on his noted "march to the sea." Mr. Hurst's wife,
Mary, die<l on the Oth day of June, 1882.

rOKNEUUS A. HUNT, farmer, P.O. Winchester, son of Johathan W.
and Sarah Hunt, was born in Nnitle Creek Township, this county, March l(i,
l^'^4. His i)arents came from Ohio lo Randolph County, about the year 182(1.
,Mr. Hunt spent his boyhood d.ays on a farm, and received his education in the
piuncer log cabin schoolhouse, while silting on a slab seat. He served as a
.soliier in Ihe Inte war in Company C, Fifty-Seventh In<liana Volunteer Infan-
try, anil participated in Ihe battles of Stone River, Perryville and others, and
wt.s discharged on account of disability. Octobers, 1867, he married Miss
Amanda, daughter of Daniel E. Johnson. They have four children— Alda ().,
Johalhan C, Lela M. and Frances E. Mr. Hiintjs engaged in farming and
slnck-'rnising.

JOB HINSHAW, farmer. P. 0. Winchcsler, is a native of North Carolina,
and was born May 29, 1828. His parents were Thomas and Hannah Hiushaw;

onunly, his father having removed herein 1829; he was married, in 1849, lo
Miss Serena Cox, by whom he has had nine children ; of these butsLx are liviug,
vir... Elwood, Rosanna, Cyrus, William, Dinah J. and Charics F. Mr. Hiushaw
ri'.'^ides on Section 25, and owns 200 acres of valuable land. They are members
of Ihe Society of Friends, as were also his parents.

JES.XE JUNSHAW, farmer, H. O. Winchester, is a native of Randolph
County, and was born May 11, 1830. His parents were Thomas and Hannah Hin-
shaw natives of North Carolina. Mr. Hinshaw used to go to mill on horseback wlien
liiit nine years old ; at one time his grist fell off, ami had it not been for the
liniely arrival of a friend, he might have Vjcen compelled lo go home without
his meal. He w.as married, November C, 1358, to Miss Anna Cox, a native of
ihis county, and daughter of John Cox, Sr., of White River Township. Tliey
have had three children— Enoch (deceased), Riley C. and George W. Mr. Ilin-
shaw is engaged in farming, and oivns fifly-two and one-half acres of laud. Mr.
and ,\lrs. Hinshaw are members of the Society of Friends.

EDMUND HINSHAW is a resident of White River Township, and his post
office address is Winchester. He was born in North Carolina December ."i,

Norih Carolina. Kdmund lame Willi his parents to Wayne County in 18.j2, and
In Ibndolph in IR4I The family settled in Ihe " green," and vigorously plied
the ax, before which Ihe forest i^uccumbed and fields appeared. The subject of

Ihis sketch wits first married September 25, 1834, to Miss Mary Thompson. Of
this union seven children were born ; all have passed away except Jesse Hin-
shaw and I'bebe A. Huston, the wife of James S. Huston. William and Abner
were soldiers in the war of 18()l-64. William was killed in the battle of
Riohmojid, Ky., August 30, 1862, and Abner died in a hospital at St Louis,
January 7, 1863. Mrs. Hinshaw died January 19, 1849, and Mr. Hinshaw again
married July 22, 1849. This time he chose Miss Irena Hiatt for alife com-
panion. Of this union there were seven children, of whom five are now living,
viz., Scth, Mary, Edmund, Ann Eliza and Benjamin E. Mr. Hinshaw w.as again
bereaved by the death of his companion Februrar; 7, 1871. Being averse to
loneliness, he again sought a helpmate, and on the 6th day of February, 1873,
he was married to Miss Rachel Diggs. They mourn the loss of an only child.
Mr. and Mrs. Hinshaw reside at their very ple;isant home about two miles
north of Winoliester. Their friends always find a cordial welcome at their open
door. Mrs. Hinshaw is an estimable lady, and Mr. Hinshaw true to himself
1 id his word ; he has always been upon the farm and still enjoys it for his

ELI HAWORTH, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Winchester, this
county, June 8, 1836, and is a son of David and Ann (Cox) Haworlh. David
Haworlh came to this county in 1818; he moved lo his farm on Section 21,
White River Township, when our subject was a boy, where he was reared and
educated, and still resides on Ihe old home place ; he was married in 1856, to
Miss Lydia B. Hickman, by whom he had three children ; of these two are liv-
ing— Newton and John M. Mrs. Haworth died March 24, 1866, and he again
married, March 23, 1867, this time to Mrs. Nancy L. Summers, whose maiden
name was Gray. They have had four children, two living — Luella J. and Carl
L. Mr. Haworth is also engaged in raising slock as well as farming, and owns
130 acres of land. They are members of the Society of Friends. Mr Haworth
served near threee years in the late war in Company H, Eighty-fourth Indi-
ana Volunteer Infantrj', and participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Dal-
ton, Resaca, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Nashville, Franklin and others. His son,
Cad L., died July 30, 1881.

ROBERT IRVIN (deceased) was born in Franklin County, Va., August
29, 1805, and was a son of John Irvin. He was raised to hard labor on a farm,
and received but "three months' schooling." He was married three times and
was the father of seventeen children, of whom fourteen are living, viz., Eva-
line, John, Margaret, Louisa, Rose Ann, Caroline, Robert R. (by first wife);
Gertrude, George, Charles, Lamartinc, Lanis, Willard and Jeff'erson (by second
wife). His first wife was Miss Mary Banly; Ihe second was Miss Hannah
D. Bishop, and the third, his widow, was Jlrs. Hannah E. Baker. She
had one child by her fir.st husband, viz., John W. Baker. Mr. Irvin died
October 13, 1876. He was a worthy member of the M. E. Church, and was
beloved by all. He held the office of Sheriff of Randolph County from 1840
until 1844, and also was Tax Collector for several years. He was known as
a charitable, benevolent man.

JOHN W. JARNAGIN is a farmer and resides on his farm half a mile south
of Winchester. He was born in Highland County, Ohio, on the 24th day of
March, 1825, and is a son of Eli and Mary (Franklin) Jarnagin; Ihe former
was a nalive of east Tennessee, and the latter of Adams County, Ohio. Mr.
John W. was reared on a farm; he came with his parents to R.indolph County
in 1837, and with them settled in the woods near Fairviow. There they began
battling with the forest and clearing up a farm. Besides clearing up their own
lands, they took contracts of clearing tor other persons. Wages in those days
were about $10 per month for a good workman, not in cash, but in store goods,
which were sold on large prulils. Young Mr. Jarnagin had no advantages of
education till after he was twelve years old, when he came to Winchester and
entered the Randolph County Seminary, where he acquired a good business
education. He began life as a common school te.aeher, but in 1856 he was
elected by the Republican party as County Treivsurer, and re-elected in 1868,
holding the office two years eaoh term. He retired with his last term to private
life, and settled on a good farm of 100 acres near Winchester. He is a pros-
He was married, in 1856, lo .m'Iss Miriam Horn, a native of North Carolina,
and daughter of Henry Horn, who came to this county in 1832. Mr. and Mrs
Horn are members of the M. E. Church. There were eight brothers in llic
Jarnagin family; four were in war of 1861-65, and all returned at the close of

JO.SHUA M. JOHNSON, farmi

cl work on his father's

born .September 13, 1831. He
d farm, and his education was received in Ihe common schools. I
I Amanda, daughter of Ithaiuer Pegg, of Whi

River Township. The result of this union was Ihirlcen childre
twelve are liviug -Alwilda J., John 1., Martha A., Mary E., Phoebe S., Rachel
E., Ida M., Jonathan G., Daniel R. J., Lillie E., Leolia and Lualta. The laM
are twins. Mr. Johnson owns 240 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in
d slock-raising. He is also a blacksmith by trade, at which he also

is litile

f Bucna Vis

HIRAM B. .lONES, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in While River
Township, this county, May 5, 1838. He received a common school education,
and has spent his life, thus far, on a farm. He was married, August 25, 1860,
to Mary E. .Jackson, daughter of Elijah Jackson. She was born in this county
July 31. 1838. They have had four children— Rosa, Lillie E., Bertie A. ami a
deceaseil daughter, Ora E. Mr. Jones owns forty acres of valuable land, and
is engaged in farming. ' He was the first to inaugurate the erection of the Dun-
kirk pike; in which he holds $250 worth of stock, and is the present Secretary
of the company. Kndslcy Jones, father of the above, was born in North Caro-
lina June 4, 1810; he cauie lo Wayne County, Ind , in 1H16, and to ihis county
in 1831. September, 1837, he married Lydia Wright, by whom he had four
children — Hiram B., Alexander (died in the late war), Daniel and Angcline.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

ELIA.S KlZtUl.

Elias Kizer was born iu Virginia, in the year 1800, and grew to manhood
in his native State. In 1821, he came to Randolph County, Ind., locating neaf
the present site of Stone Station. In 1831, he removed to the farm north or
Winchester, which was thenceforth his home until he died. In 1824, he mar-
ried Miss Margery Ward, an aunt of Thomas Ward, Esq., of Winchester, this
union being blessed by three sons— Thomas W., Henry and Caleb. The Utter
died in infancy. Thomas and Henry are both prominent citizens of Winchester.

Mr. Kizer was one of the early pioneers of this county, and for more than
forty-five years was prominently identified with its development and improve-
" ' cheerfully to the advancement of all enterprises inaugu-

d for t

nofth

ic welfan

iwn per

e effort

took the contract for carrying the United States mail between Winchester and
Fort Wayne. Sometimes he would malie the trip himself, but more often the
mail was carried by some one employed by him for that purpose. When he
first took the contract there was no post office on the route, except that at Fort
Wayne. Deerfield Post Office was established, however, a few years later. Ho
rode through a dense wilderness, and was compelled to sleep in the woods at
night. At times he would take with him woolen stockings, which his wife had
knit, and sell them at Fort Wayne for groceries or money. He watched the
county in it3 growth from a pioneer settlement to a populous and wealthy com-
munity, and was an interested participant in its prosperity. He was an enter-
prising man, and always the friend of progress. He built the first steam mill
in Randolph County, and, it is believed, the engine in his mill was the only
one between Winchester and Newport at that time. To give his attention more

keeping hotel, and winning a great deal of popular favor as a landlord. Shortly
afterward, however, he returned to his farm.

At various times in his life, he was called to fill local offices, serving as
County Commissioner for several years, and at another time as Township Trust-
ee. He was the candidate of his party for State Senator, but was defeated,
although he ran a gallant race, and made a persistent canvass. In politics, he
was a "Jackson Democrat," but sabsequently embraced the principles of the
Whig party, and acted with them until the organization of the Republican
party, with which he identified himself. He was never an aspirant for office,
although an active politician. He lived a useful life, marked by industry and
energy. He was a thorough business man, and accumulated a comfortable es-
tate, owning at the time of his .death, 450 acres of valuable laud. He died in
1807, his wife surviving him until 18B9. lioth were members of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and their lives were consistent with the faith they professed.
Mr. Kizer was a Class-Leader for a number of years, and was active in all the
work of the church. In all his dealings with his fellow-men he was upright
and honorable, and won universal respect and confidence. He was valued as a
substantial and public-spirited citizen, and loved as a friend and neighbor.

THOMAS W. KIZER.

Thomas W. Kizer was born in Randolph County, Ind., November 24,
1824. He is the eldest son of Eliaa Kizer, who resided east of Stone Station,
in Ward Township, and was a prominent citizen of this county in its pioneer
period and later history. In 1831, the family removed to the farm north of
Winchester, now owned by the subject of this sketch. Here the latter passed
the days of his boyhood and youth, attending the school in the winter, and
working on the farm during the remainder of the year. When a young man,
he became a clerk in the store of Jesse Way, at Winchester, and .at a later date
embarked in the retail grocery trade for himself. Two years later he engaged
in agricultural pursuits, which he continued for three years, resuming the gro-
cery business at the end of that lime. Subsequently he became a farmer and
graiu dealer, following this enterprise until 1878. He is a competent business
man, and by a life of energy and activity has acquired a comfortable fortune.

At various times in his life, Mr. Kizer has been called to occupy public
positions of honor and trust. Toward the close of President Fillmore's admin-
Pierce, the successor of Fillmore, to make room for a Democratic aspirant. In
1860, he was elected Trustee of White River Township, and for a period of ten
years occupied this position by repeated re-elections. He was especially active
in his efforts in the behalf of the schools, and accomplished a great deal for
their advancement and improvement. Among the schoolhousea which he was
instrumental in erecting during his administration of this office, was the hand-
some public school building at Winchtster, which stands an enduring memorial
of his energy and efficiency as a public officer. He retired from this office
with the commendation and good will of all classes, and was afterward elected
School Director for the town of Winchester, serving two years in this capacity,
and three years as a member of the School Board. Thus, for a period of fifteen
years, he was continuously identified with the public schools of this town. He
has always been public-spirited and enterprising, and has been an active and
leading spirit in many of the measures inaugurated for the welfare and im-
provement of the county. In business he is prompt, energetic and honorable,
and has won many friends, among whom he is highly esteemed. He was one
of the first members initiated into Winchester Lodge, No. 121, I. 0. 0. F., and
has been for years a prominent Odd Fellow. He represented Winchester
Lodge several times in the annual councils of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, and
has visited the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the United States at three different

Although not himself a church member, he has contrilmted liberally to the
support of churches in the community, while his private and public life has
been moral and upright. He has been married— first, to Miss Susannah Way,
daughter of Jesse Way, Esq., on the 4ih of January, 1840. Ten children
came to bless this union, six of whom are now living. His wife died January

15, 1874, and on the 4th of January, 1876, he wedded Miss Ann Rebecca
Weaver. Within five years, however, he was again called to mourn the death
of a devoted and loving wife. She fell a victim of consumption, wasting slowly
away under its dreadful touch, but struggling bravely against iU insidious
approach. She died at Columbus, Ga., on the 12th of January, 1881, having
gone thither in the hope of being restored to heslth. She was buried at Win-
chester, amid the sorrows of all who had known her in life, and among whom
she was a general favorite. On the 22d of December, 1881, he was united in
marriage, at Lawrence, Kan., with Mrs. Alice M. Allen, his present companion.

WILLIAM D. KIZER.
William D., son of Thomas W. Kizer, was born March 7, 1847, at the oM
Kizer homestead, near Winchester, Randolph Co., Ind. During his boyhood,
he was engaged in performing the varied duties of farm life, acquiring in the
meantime a good education at the public schools of Winchester, finishing with
a course in the Seminary at this place, under the instructions of Prof. Cooper.
In I8C8, he went to Missouri, and from that date until 1871, was engaged in
the sale of fruit trees in that State. In the spring of 1871, he returned to
Winchester, and accepted the position of Deputy Auditor under W. E. Murray.
He served in this capacity three years and a half, and in the spring of 1874,
was nominated by the Republicans of this county to succeed Mr. Murray as
Auditor. He received the full vote of the party in October of the same year,
which means, of course, a triumphant election. He took charge of the otlice in
the s,ame month ^October, 1874), and served faithfully for a period of four
years. It was during his incumbency th.it the present court house was erected,
and he was the first occupant of the Auditor's office in the new building. The
duties of this office, never light, were largely increased by the labor of remov-
ing the old documents and records from their former resting place to the new
room, and arranging and systematizing them for future reference. His period
of service in this office was one of continued and laborious work, and by the
faithfulness and assiduity with which he devoted himself to it, ho won the ap-
probation of all who were instrnmental in placing him there. After retiring
from this position, he was appointed Assistant Attorney General, and is now
acting in that capacity, collecting fees due the Stale from various sources. He
is recognized as a competent business man, his experience and associations
having rendered him familiar with all the varied forms of business usages,
while his thorough knowledge of the duties of county officers renders his coun-
sel invaluable to all who consult him. In private life, he is esteemed by all who
know him, for his integrity and honor. But he has grown up in this com-
munity, and no words from the stranger's pen can add to the high regard in
which he is universally held. He was married on October 24, 1872, to Miss
Louisa C. Dana, daughter of Dr. Marcus Dana, of Fostoria, Ohio. His wife is
an excellent lady, and a general favorite in the social circle. Mr. Kizer united
with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in 1871, passing the degrees of the
subordinate lodge, and entering the Encampment in the same year. In the
meantime he has served as Representative in both the Grand Lodge and the
Grand Encampment of Indiana. His political affiliations are with the Repub-
lican party, of which he is an enthusiastic and valued member.

PETER KABEL is a farmer, and resides near the village of Unionsporl.
He is a son of Philip Kabel, of this county. Peter was born in the city of
Richmond, Wayne Co., Ind., October 18, 1837. In his youth he was employed
in his father's carding mills. In 1869, he was married to Miss Louisa Keener.
They have had six children— Mary C, Emma B. (deceased), William Monroe,
Elizabeth C, John A. and Cora M. Mr. and Mrs, Kabel are members of the
Lutheran Church.

PHILIP KABEL, farmer, P. 0. Unionsport, was born in Germany January
12, 1810. He came to America in 1832 when a young man. When he landed
in Portland, Me., he had about f 10 in money. He soon went to Leister, Wor-
cester Co., Mass., where he worked at carding wool for some time. He came
to Wayne County, Ind., in 1834, where he married Miss Mary Goetz, and
returned to Cincinnati, Ohio, but in nine months returned to Richmond, Ind.
In 1838, he rented a carding machine near Hagerstown, and ran it until 1840,
when he came to this county and purchased the Unionsport Carding Machine
and Saw-Mill. He followed the business there, and at other points until ISHS.
He erected a carding mill on his own land in 1846. Mr. and Mrs. Kabel have
had ten children, of whom six are living— Peter, Adam, Frederick, Nicholas,
John and Mary (now Mrs. Jasper Hurst). When Mr. and Mrs. Kabel began
life he had nothing; but by harl work they have been prospered.

NICHOLAS KABEL, teacher, Winchester. This prominent teacher is a
native of Randolph County, and was born May 1, 1867. He is a son of Philip
and Mary Kabel, of White River Township. He spent his boyhood always on
his father's farm, after which he attended the high school of Winchester, this
county, and Coshocton, Ohio. He began teaching in 1876, and by energy and
close application has won the confidence of the people. He adopts the late.'^t
and most approved normal method.s as far as can bo done in an ungraded
school. His school is orderly, and his work systematic.

JOSEPH KEYS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Surry County, N.
C, April 3, 1830, and is a son of Benjamin P. Keys, who came to this county
in 1835. The father taught school that winter in the Jericho (Friend.^')
Church, and did not locate on his land until the spring of 1838, in the mean-
time living on rented land. The first winter they had to go to Fountain City
to get corn, a distance of eighteen miles. In the spring of 1837, Mr. Benjamin
Keys bought five hogs, marked their ears and turned them out. They wan-
dered off and became wild, so wild that by the time snow fell the next winter
they could not be driven. He employed two export hunters, who took their
dogs and went to the hogs' bed early in the morning, and as soon as the doge
would begin to bay the hogs they would turn to fight. In this way they suc-
ceeded in shooting all of them. Their sled broke down, and they faslmed
three of the hogs together by hickory withes, and dragged them by one horse,
and the other two by the other horse. This took them all day to get home, a

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

distance of six miles, Of course, tiie hogs were frozen sliff wlien tliey
arrived home, and it took them until midnight to get them clcaneil. Mr. Keys,
onr subject, attended school in a cabin with puncheon seals and floor. Tlie
window was but one light high, ten or tweWe feet long. The desk consisted
of a board supported on pins in the wall. The first land the Iveyscs cleared on
the homo place was three acres. They plowed it by running five times in one
place with a bull tongue plow. These furrows were about three and a half
feet apart. The corn was planted in them, and after it came up they broke out
the middles with the bull tongue by going five times in a row. Mr. Keys was
married, in August, 1853, to Miss Betsey V. Coats, a native of this ciunty,
and daughter of Thomas W. Coals, who came lo tliis county about the year
1826. They have had eight children, seven living— Kli W., I,indo, Marlin,
Eiva ,1., Ann E., John L. and Elwood. Mr. Keys is engaged in farming and
stock-raising, and owns 408 acres of land. Tliey are members of the Society
of Friends.

JOHN KErS. mechanic and farmer, I'. (1. Winchester, wa.s born in Surry
County, N. C, December 27, 1827, and is a son of Benjamin P. and Elizabeth
(Bond) Key.s. Our subject's great-grandfather, Joseph Keys, who wa.s aban-
doned by his parent or guardian when only an infant, and left on the door step
of an old gcntli ' ■ ■ '

several small keys, and as the old gentleman knew not the name of the cliild,
he called it Joseph Keys, for the keys it carried when found. Joseph Keys
grew up and married Rebecca Mullen. They had a large family, from whom
the numerous families by that name have sprung. The original Joseph Keys
removed from his door step cradle in Pennsylvania lo North Carolina in an
early day, and resided there during the Kcvolulionary war. One of his sons
was named for himself, Joseph, who had a sun, iienjamin P. The latter was
the father of our subject, John Keys. The keys family have been lifelong
Friend Quakers, as also were the Bonds. His grandfather, John Bond, was a
minister in the Friends' Church for over sisly years, and died at the age of
ninety-two years in Henry County, Ind. Tlie Keys family came to this county
in 1836, and settled in White River Township. Mr. Keys was married, Janu-
ary 6, 1854, to Miss Lydia Hialt, by whom he had seven children; of these,
five are living — Charlotte, Simeon, Rosaline and Mary, and Mary A. Mrs.
Keys died July 27, 1870, loved by all. Hi» brother, Daniel Keys, was born in
North Carolina May 23, 183-, and is the youngest of his father's family. He
is a brick-maker by trade, but is now assisting his brother John at the carpen-
ter trade. He was married, October 7, 1854, lo Miss Susannah Collin, a
native of this county and daughler of Stephen Coffin. They had six children,
of whom three are living— Washington, Emma E. and Coffin. Two of the de-
ceased, Levi J. and Mary J. (Cox) were married and left families.

WILLIAM KEM, farmer, 1'. O. Winchester, was born in Itoletourt County,
W. Va., January 11, 1828, and is a son of Thomas Keni, also a native of West
Virginia. He was brought up on a farm, educated in log cabin, and sat on a
slab bench ten feet in length. Many were the pranks this mischievous boy
would play while lying behind thai long bench where he had been placed by
the teacher for bad conduct. Mr. Kem came with his parents to Wayne
County, Ind., in 1833. He was married in 1848, to Miss Lydia Davis, by
whom ho has had seven children, to wit : Nancy Jane, Malinda Ellen,
William Thomas, Ira Lewis, Sherman Turnis, Josephine and Iienjamin
Franklin. He is engaged iu farming and slook-raising, and owns 120 acres of
valuable land. Mr. and Mrs. Kem arc memhevs of the Mcihodist Episcopal
Church.

DAVID LASLEY.
ir of Randolph County, was born in Pennsylvania
m of Peter and Christina (Orns) Laslcy, arid is ihe
en children, of whom four are now living. His
lorn in Maryland, and settled in Pennsylvania after mar-
0 Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1814, and lo Randolph
County in 18 1«, and purchased the form where David now lives. They re-
mained on this farm until their deaths. His father died at the age of eighty-
two and his mother eighty-three. Dovid was nineteen years old when he
came to this county. He received a limiled education from the district schools
of this county and .Monlgoiiiory County, Ohio. He lived with his parents until
he was twenty-one years old, engaged in clearing a farm from the unbroken
forests, and other toil common to pioneer life. He was remarkable for his
industry and power of endurance at physical labor. He usually did the work
of two men. After he w;is twenly-oue he hired out as a common day laborer
for about five years, receiving from l?7.50 lo }ilO a month. In 1823,
he cleared the timber from the public siiunre of the town of AVin-
chester, there not being a stick amiss. He was married to Hannah Parker
;who still survives), daughter of Reuben and Klizabelh (Walker) Parker, in
the fall of 1827. His wife was born near Clevcl.uid, Oliio.'iu IHOC. The first
season after this union, he bought sixty acres of the farm now owned by the
county and used as Ihe infirmary, and lived on it for one year. He sold out
and bought eighty acres, in the woods, of the farm where he now lives. He
went to work to clear up a homestead, and through his etforts he developed a
farm of 2U0 a<Tcsof well-improved land, which is in a high state of cultiva-
Mrs. Lasley are the parents of thirteen children, eleven of
ving and comfortably situated. Eight of them rc?ido in this
i^'ouri, and two in Ohio. '" - ' "-" - ■' ^ "

David Lasley, a pioi
Aprill, 1800. lloistht
oldest of a family of el
parents wi

on. Mr.

9 for si

n Dai

c! -irh of thorn a comfortable home. Ho h(

H( .1, . .:. I liub voted and acted wiih that party ever s
ti- . I. .■'! on a very hard-working and frugal man all li
bt e< u ;-,ou with chronic rheumatism for leu years that 1
without assibtance ; ocherwlse he has very good health. Hit

vcd a
all away to hi

inbrokcn wilder

1 blindness. Mr. Lasley through his frugality has
int of property. He has always been an honest and
' ' came to the county when it was an almost

n and fi

D.VNi EI. Laslky, attorney at law and abstracter of land titles, Winchester, Ind.,
was born in Randolph County May 17, 1849. His father, David Lasley, was a
native of lied Stone. Penn., his mother, Hannah (Parker) I,asley. of New York.
David Lasley came to Troy, Ohio, in 1804, and removed to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1819, and settled in Winchester. The early life of Daniel Lasley was
spent in the ordinary routine labor of farm life, during which lime he enjoyed
such facilities for gaining an education as were afforded by the common schools
of the day, in addition to which lis spent three years under the instruction
of that veteran teacher. Prof James Ferris, at that time Superintendent of
Winchester Public Schools. Mr. Lasley's studies embraced all usually enu-
merated in Ihe curriculum of a scientific college course. He has taught ten
years, beginning when only seventeen years of age. In 1875, he was elected
Superintendent of the Public Schools of Randolph County, the responsiWt
duties of which office he has faithfully discharged with much credit to hip
executive ability, having given excellent satisfaction, as evinced by his bein,
regularly re-elected at the expiration of each term since.

During the last six years, he has prepared a complete abstract of the title-
to all the real estate of Randolph Connly, a work of great merit and vaU.i-,
requiring much patient labor. In business, he has been fairly successfu:
enjoying a beautiful home and general prosperity.

He married Miss Edith Thompson, daughter of Dr. Valentine Thoropsot,
of Miami County, Ind., July 7, 1874, a lady of superior ability and accucj-
plishments. They have one son, a promising child. Mr. and Mrs. Lasley a,
both members of the Christian Church, and active workers in that denomi
nalion, though uniformly courteous and liberal toward all opinions.

While not a politician in the ordinary acccplalion of the word, Mr. Laslf-y
has always been a thorough Republican, and with his excellent qualification.-,
gives promi.so for much wider field of usefulness in the future.

PETER LASLUY.

Peter Lasley, a farmer, and brother of David Lasley, was born near Day-
ton, Ohio, Oclober 12, 1817. He is the son of Peter and Chrislina Lasley, an.i
is the tenth of a family of eleven children, nine males and two females. Uf
these eleven cliildren, the following are now living : David, Eli, Moses, and the
subject of this sketch. All live in this county wiih the exception of Eli, who
lives in Macon Counly, 111.

Peter has been a farmer all his life. He lived with his parents until he was
twenty years of age, when he hired out as a common d.ay laborer, clearing land,
culiius and splitting rails, etc., receiving as wages about 50 cents a day. His
educalion is very meager, having comparatively no opportunities of attending
schools. The brief period that he did attend school was in the old pioneer log
house with hewed benches, slabs for desks, and a log Ml out for a window, and
covered with greased paper in the winter season. A knowledge of reailing and
writing was the extent of his education obtained in the schools. He has since
obtained suffioieni educalion to transact all of his business. Ho was married
to Rebecca Johnson (whose biography is herewith given) December 4, 183'l,
Afler marriage, Mr. Lasley purchased the farm where he now resides. It con-

a good state of oullivalion, with good and convenient farm buildings.

Mr. and Mrs. Lasley are parents of thirteen children, of whom ten aru
living. Six of their children are married, and all reside in this county with
the exception of one, who resides in Muncio. Delaware Counly. The names i.l
their children are as follows : William II., Thomas J., Amanda C, Leandcr ('.
Mary E., Martha J., Charles D., Belinda C, Nancy R , Anderson J., John M.
James L. and Elisha E. Two of their sous enlisted and lost their lives in ll.t
army. William II. enlisted January, 18B2, in the Fifty-seventh Regimeui,
Company E, Indiana Infantry, and served for about five months. He was pres
ent at and took an active part in the battle of Pittsburg Landing; he was sonn
after taken sick and died on the field : his sickness was caused from exhaus-

dcr enlisted March 7, 1804, in the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment,
Company II, Indiana Infantry, and remained a faithful and brave soldier until
his death ; he took an active part in the following battles : Dalton, Ga., Rcsaca,
Altoona Mountain, Challahoochie Iliver, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta.. Columbin
Franklin and Nashville. He was then transferred with his regiment to the
Army of ihc Potomac ; he received his death wound at Newberne, N. C, being
shot through the knee ; he survived for ten days, and then died from the effect
of the wounil and amputaiiou of his limb. Thus it is !<een that Mr. Laalay gnv.
two precious lives lo save his country, an inestimable sacrifice.

Mr. and Mrs. Lasley have been honored members of the United Brethren
Church at Spar Creek Chapel for about fifteen years. In political preferment,
Mr. Lasley is a Democrat. He is an industrious, honest and frugal citizen.

Rebecca (Johnson) Lasley, wife of Peter Lasley, was burn in Fayette Coun-
ty, W. Va., April 10, 1820. She is Ihe daughter of Henry and Agnes (Hum-
phries) Johnson, and is the sovenlh of a family of fourteen children ; her
parents were natives of Virginia ; her grandfather, Zachariah Johnson, was a
soldier in the Kevolulionary war, and died in 1840,

Her parents came to this county December '!1, 1829, when her father en-
tered eighty acres of land : her mother died in 1839, and her father in April,

of pioneers. Her education was almost wholly neglected, not having the op-
portunity of atlendiiig school. She was married to Peter Lasley, as stated in
his sketch ; her grandparents came to this county in the year 18.30, and re-

^,^,/% "?

Residence OF THE Late Wm. iYloNKS. White River Tp. Randolph Co. Ind.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

m&ined until their defttliB, which was in the spring of 1840. There waa not
ten days between the events of (heir deaths.

Mrs. Lasley has been a faithful wife, and has been of great assistance to
her husband in bearing the burdens of lif^. She is an affectionate mother, and
an honored member of society.

JACOB LASLEY, son of David and Hannah (Parker) Lasley, was born in
Randolph County, Ind., March 19, 1880. He is the third of a family of thirteen
children, of whom eleven are now living ; his father was born in Pennsylvania
April 1, 1800, and his mother was born iu New York in the year 1806; his
father settled in this county in the year 1818 ; his parents, soon after the mar-
riage, settled on the firm now occupied by the County Infirmary, where he re-
mained about three years, when he settled upon the farm where he now resides.
Jacob lived with his parents upon the farm until he was twenty-four years of
age, engaged is labor common to farmers' sons ; his education was all obtained
from the common district schools, with the exception of three terms at the Ran-
-lolph County Seminary, located at Winchester, of three months' each. In the
years 1852, 1853 and 1860, he taught school three months during the winter.
He was married to Sarah Conway, daughter of Gideon and Meliuda Conway, of
this county, November 8, 1853; her parents were natives of North Carolina,
and came to this State in very early times. After marriage, Jacob settled upon
a farm of eighty acres, with no improvements, in Washington Township, deeded
to him by his father. His farm now consists of 170 acres of excellent land,
with 130 acres in a high state of cultivation; his farm is beautifully located,
gently rolling and soil very fertile. It is situated on a dividing ridge, between
White River and Green's Fork. It is well improved, having given especial at-
tention to underdraining ; his buildings are of modern architecture, large and
convenient; his dwelling was erected in 1876, two stories in height, and is a
model of convenience.

Mr. Lasley has been married twice, and is the father of five children by
his first wife, as follows: Charies E., born August 11, 1854; James A., born
May 6, 1858; George W., born September 27, 1859; Dora B., born April 14,
1868 ; Ida, born October 28, 1869.

Mr. Lasley was called to mourn the death of his wife February 0, 187-5.
After the death of hia wife, he remained on the farm with his children until
December 25, 1875, when he was united in a second marriage with Mrs. Mary
Lamme, daughter of Andrew Likens, of Wayne County. He is the father of
two children by his second wife. The first was born May 31, 1877, and died
in infancy ; John W., born September Itj, 1878. Mr. L. is a stanch and uncom-
promising Republican, and is ever interested in the welfare of the party ; he
and his family are quiet, yet useful and honored citizens, industrious, and sur-
rounded by an abundance of the necessaries of life.

Chaelbs Enos, the son of Jacob and Sarah Lasley, was born in Randolph
County August 11, 1854. He resided with his parents on the farm until he
was twenty-one years of age, obtaining his education from the common district
schools, and the graded schools of Lynn and Winchester. As a student, lie was
industrious, and applied himself closely to his studies, and succeeded in ob-
taining a thorough knowledge of those branches he studied. He began teach-
ing school in the winter of 1878, and has taught, during the winter, ever since.
As a teacher, he manifests the same energy and zeal that characterized him as
a student. He takes a deep interest in the profession, and loses no opportuni-
ty to increase his efficiency ; he is invariably found in attendance at all of the
county and township institutes, and ranks as one of the best teachers of the
county ; he was married to Louisa Wilmore, daughter of John and Maiy Wil-
more, of this county, August, 1881. His excellent wife is an acceptable mem-
ber of the Friends Church. They lead a quiet and happy life, and ore honored
members of society.

ANDREW J. LASLEY, P. O.Winchester, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser
of White River Township, was boin in this township July 31, 1831;, and is a son
of Moses and Margaret Lasley, of Washington Township. He spent his early
life, as the remainder, also, upon the farm. He waa married, August 4, 1861,
to Miss Elizabeth J. Peacock, daughter of Thomas Peacook. She was born in
Wayne County, Ind. They had two children— Flora A., deceased, and Jonas
W. Mrs. Lasley died September 20, 1879. She was a faithful Christian, and
a worthy member of the M. E. Church. Mr. Lasley is also a member of the
same church.

PHILIP LYKINS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, is a native of Fayette
County, Va., and was born September 23, 1832. His parents were Herod and
Mary Lykins, who moved to this county first in 1835; but in 1841, they re-
turned to the East, and remained until 1850, when they returned to this
county, accompanied by our subject. Mr. Lykins was reared on a farm, and
has always been a farmer. He waa married, October 20, 18o;). to Miss Eliza A.
Wright, daughter of the late Edward B. Wright, of this county. She was born
in this county, September 18, 1841. Her mother was Mary A. (lleaston).
They have two children — Mary A. and Charles W. Mr. L. has never been a
witness in court, never was sued, or never has sued any one. Mrs. Lykins'
grandfather, John Wright, was the first Judge in Randolph County.

WILLIAM MONKS.
William Monks, deceased, son of John and Matilda Monks, was born in
this county July 28, 1830. He was the eighth of a family of nine children, of
whom five are now living. His father was a native of Enirland, and came to
the United States when he was eighteen years of age. His mother was born
in Kentucky. They moved to this county in very early times, and entered 100

ner Farm. His parents lived on this farm until their death. William was
born and raised upon this farm, and received his education in the common dis-
trict schools of the neighborhood. He received the best education the schools
at that time afforded. He was married to Catharine Wright March 5, 1857.
After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Monks settled on the farm now owned by the
widow. At the time of purchase there were ninety-five acres, with eighteen

acres improved. The farm now consists of 222 acres of excellent l.'ind, with
120 acres under a high state of cultivation. This is a very beautiful and pro-
ductive farm, being one of the best in the township. The form buildings are
both beautiful and convenient. The dwelling was erected in 1876, and is a two-
story structure of modern architecture, beautifully situated and richly fur-
nished. The erection of this tieautiful dwelling was the last work Mr. Monks
was permitted to do on earth, for he was soon after its construction stricken
down with heart trouble, a disease that had been making inroads upon him for
three years. The summons to bid adieu to loved ones and home came to
William Monks October 8, 1876, and his life work was ended, at the age
of forty-six yeore, two months and ten days. His mortal remains, followed
by his grief-stricken family and mourning relatives and friends, were
deposited in the cemetery at Winchester. He was a man of great energy,
frugal and honest in his dealings. He accumulated properly rSpidly, and at
the time of his death was surrounded by the comforts and many luxuries of
life. He was quiet and retired in his nature, and it is said that he had many
warm friends and no enemies. None knew him but to honor and love him.
At his death, he left a widow and only child, whose portraits and biographies
are herewith given. He united with the Christian Church March 13, 1870,
and remained a faithful and devoted member until death. Thus lived and died
a devoted husband, a loving father, a valuable member of the church, and an

Catharine (Whioht) Monks, widow of William Monks, and daughter of
Edward and Mary A. Wright, was born in this county February 20, 1839. She
is the oldest of a family of four children, all of whom are living. Her father
was born in Highland County, Ohio, August 18, 1816. Her mother fMary A.
Heaston), was born In Montgomery County, Ohio, April 13, 1819. They came
to this county with their parents before either one was a year old. They
were married, December 21, 1837, and settled one-half mile west of Win-
chester, on a farm owned by Mrs. Wright's father, where they remained
for one year. They then bought a farm one-half mile south of Win-
Chester, where they remained about one year, when they sold out and
returned to Mrs. Wright's father, where they remained about four years.
They then bought a farm two and one-half miles south of Winchester,
where they remained until the death of Mr. Wright, which occurred August
23, 1880, and where his widow still resides. The subject of this sketch
spent her youthful days on the farm with her parents, and obuined her educa-
tion principally at the Randolph County Seminary, under the supervision of
Prof. E. P. Cole. Sho acquired a good English education. Mrs. Monks is the
mother of «ne daughter — .Vlary A., whose biography is herewith givei\ Mrs.
Monks is the owner and proprietor of 322 acres of excellent land, all in White
River Township. She joined the Christian Church b.\ the same time as heV
husband, and has rem'ained a faithful member ever since. She is a woman of
sterling integrity, of great business capacity, and was a strong support to her
husband in his efforts to develop a comfortable home. Since the death of her
husband, she and h?r daughter have had entire charge of the farm and all busi-
ness connected therewith. She is surrounded with an abundance of property,
has a model home, and is blessed with all calculated to make life happy. She
is a valuable member of society, and bcloveti by all her neighbors and acquaint-

Mart Ann Monks, daughter of William and Catharine Monks, was born
in this county March 5, 1864. She is an only child, and received her educa-
tion in the Winchester Public Schools, and graduated from the High School
May 12, 1882, with high honors. She united with the Christian Church
August 5, 1876, and has been a faithful member ever since. She is a youug
lady of rare ability, accomplished and well educated, and is a valuable assistant
to her mother in the management of her business. She baa always been a

and considerate, and certainly has a bright future before her.

TARLTON MOORMAN, one of the eariy pioneers of Randolph County,
Ind., was born in Richmond County, N. C, in 1783. In 1819, he married
Rebecca Webb, and, in 1822, came to Indiana, locating in Randolph County,
with whose early and later history he waa prominently identified. Pc pur-
chased a tract of land, from which he developed a fine farm, and in all the
public improvements inaugurated within his time he bore his full share of the
burden by contributing liberally of hia means and encouraging whatever
seemed to him to be for the public welfare. He was twice married, first to
Hannah Way, and after her demise to Rebecca Webb. He had a family of
thirteen children, of which number seven are now living. Henry and Rich-
mond reside in Wayne County, Ind. ; Thomas, at Winchester ; John A., at
Farmland ; Stephen, in White River Township, and William and Sarah on the
old home farm. Mr. Moorman was an active, energetic man, and was always
regarded as one of the best citizens of the community. He was a member of
the Society of Friends, and in his doily life a conaiatent Christian. In politics,
he was at first a Whig, and espoused and advocated the cause of abolition. He
took an active part in the anti-slavery movements that were enacted in this
county, and upon the rise of the Republican party adopted its principles, and
was identified with that party during the residue of his life. He died on the
30th of December, 1875, in the ninety-third year of his age, leaving behind
him the record of an honest man, and a memory still revered by all who knew
him in life.

STEPHEN MOORMAN, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. The subject of this
sketch is a native of this county, and waa born April 26, 1822. His parents
were Tarlton and Rebecca Moorman, natives of North Carolina. He waM
brought up a farmer boy, and received a limited education in subscription
schools taught for about forty days each winter. For a description of the
schoolhouse, in which he received his rudimental lesson?, see biography of
James J. Clayton. He was married, March 2, 1848, to Miss Priscilla Digga, a
native also of this county, and a daughter of Armsby Diggs. They have two
children— Alfred T. and Henry A. Mrs. Moorman died March 30, 1868, and
he again m.trried March 10, 1870, this time to Mrs. Malinda A. Niokson. Mr

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Moomun is a member of the M. G. Church, as was also his first wife. His
feoond (present) wife is a member of the Society of Friends. There is a
mound on his farm, and also an oblong carity in the ground, twenty feet in
diameter, agd was, at the time he purchased the place, six feet deep. Around
this CUT ity is an embankment of earth upon which is an oak stump twenty
inclies in diameter. Mr. M. has dealt more or legs in stock, but is now giving
his attention to farming and raising stock. He owns 178 acres of valuable
land in the White River Valley.

HON. W. E. MURRAY.

William Albert Murray was born May 26, 1834, at Cincinnati, Ohio. His
father, Isaiah Henderson Murray, was born in Pennsylvania, but removed to
Cincinnati when a young man, and was married there in 1830 to Miss Mar-
garet Wrench, a lady of Welsh parenUge. The father owned a lot on west
Eighth street, Cincinuati, which he traded to "Nick" Longworth for 160
acres of unimproved land in Washington Township, Randolph County, Ind., pay-
ing him a sum of money in addition. This lot is now occupied by one of the
public schools of that city, and before Mr. Murray had payed the last install-
ment of the "boot money," the land was worth $1,000 per foot. He brought
his family to Indiana in the fall of 1836, and located near Bloomingsport, Ran-
dolph County, where he rented a farm, upon which he resided until the spring
of 1888. In the meantime, he had erected a cabin on his own land, and made
(he preliminary preparations for improving it. In the spring of 1838, he
removed to this property with his family, and cultivated his farm for twenty
years. In 1868, he sold it and removed to Deerficld, la this county, where, in
partnership with his brother, he purchased a carding mill. They remodeled
it, converting it into a woolen mill, and supplying a boiler and engine, in lieu
of the ox-power tread-mill by which ita machinery had formerly been pro-
pelled. But just as they had completed their system of improvements, the
mill was destroyed by fire. Mr. Murray then remained at Deerfield until his
death, which nccurred in August, 1860. He was a man who stood high in the
community, and was always recognized as a good citizen. In politics, he wag
identified with the " Free " Whigs, and was strongly anti-slavery in sentiment.
He was an enthusiastic politician, but never sought public office, and never
served in a public capacity, except &s Justice of the Peace, which positiob he
occupied for several successive terms in Washington ToWllship.

William E. is the second in a family of eight chlidrbn. He was but an
infant when his parents came to Indiana, and in a region so slightly developed,
his educational privileges in early life were quite limited. Yet such as he
ei^joyed were well improved by him, and the meager knowledge he gained at
school was supplcmeated by diligent study in leisure hours at home. At the
age 01 nineteen years, he hired out as a farm hand, and with the money thus
earned, paid his tuition in the seminary at Winchester, and afterward attended
the Union Literary Institute, near Spartansburg. Ho had made the necessary
arrangements for taking a collegiate course at Delaware, Ohio, when the out-
break of the rebellion caused him to change his plans. Early in July, 1861,
he enlisted as a private soldier, under Capt. Hamilton, of Company C,
Nineteeth Indiana Regiment, and was the first citizen of Randolph County
wno enrolled his name umler the President's call for volunteers for three
years' service. He was tendered the position of Sergeant of his company, and
at a later date a Lieutenancy was offered him, but he declined both, preferring
to serve as a private soldier. His regiment, after making several raids into
Virginia, went into winter quarters at Wsishington. In the following spring, they
were assigned to duty in Virginia, and during this campaign Mr. Murray took
part, wiih his regiment, in several raids and skirmishes, among which were
the fights of Lewinsville and Langley Falls Church, and the second battle of
Bull Run. In this engagement, he was wounded in the ankle by a minie ball,
the injury proving so serious as to disqualify him for service. In consequence,
he was honorably discharged in March, 1803, and returned to hie home. It
was in this battle that Gen. Fitz John Porter was guilty of the conduct for
which he was dismissed, and at the re-hearing of his case, in the fall of 1876, Mr.
Murray was called to Gen. Hancock's headquarters as a witness. He had
kept a diary of current events while in the service, and his entries regarding
that day were found to have an important bearimr in disproving certain claims
set up by Gen. Porter.

After returning from the army, he attended school for several months, and
in the winter of 1863 resumed the occupation of school teaching, at which he
had been engaged for several years prior to 1861. In March, 1864, he entered
the County Clerk's office as Deputy, under .John B. Goodrich, serving nearly
two years. In the meantime, the Republicans of this county took occasion to
express their confidence in him by nominating him for the olfice of County
Auditor in the spring of 1865. In the f»ll of that year, he was elected by a
flattering majority, and took charge of the office in November of the same
year. He served four yeira, and in the meantime a change was made in the
law relating to the election of County Auditors, and changing the time of
election. This created an inlerregum in the office, which he wai appointed by
the County Commissioners to fill. At the next regular election, in the fall of
1871, he was again chosen as Auditor of the county, serving a second term of
four years. Thus, for about nine years, he was in continuous service as Auditor,
and devoted lii.s attention to the duties of the office with a fidelity that made him
popular, while his uniform kindness and courtesy as an official gained for him
many true friends. He entered upon the duties of his position without any
knowledge of the manner of conducting the work of the office, receiving
scarcely any instruction from his predecessor. He was thus thrown upon his
own resources, and turned to the statutes for help. The result was the develop-
ment of a system of book-keeping which proved of great financial benefit to
the county, thougli like the majority of public improvements, it was opposed
at first by those who should have been its friends. Against the protest of the
County Commissioners he inaugurated this system, and had the necessary
books manufactured, drawing his own warrant for the same. As soon as it

at it placed a check upon
, IS each succeeding transao-
le that had preceded it. And by this system

was put into practical operation, it was foi
errors in either the Auditor's or Treasurer's
tion balanced or corrected the oi

hands of the Treasurer, and to what funds it belonged ; whereas, under the old
system, this was only possible once a year, i. «., when the annual June exhibit
was rendered. So satisfactory and accurate was this system that it was
adopted, and is now in use, by surrounding counties, while a benefit was con-
ferred by it upon the tax-payers of this county, for which Mr. Murray well
deserves their grateful remembrance.

After retiring from this position, he purchased a tract of land four miles
northeast of Winchester, where he has since been engaged in agricultural pur-
suits. The farm was almost destitute of improvements, having only about
twenty-flve acres cleared. In the meantime, he has spent a great deal of both
time and money in improving his farm, and now has about sixty-five acres
under cultivation, and has greatly augmented the value of hia land.

He has devoted a great deal of time and study to horticulture and pomology,
and has taken an active Interest in these subjects. Upon the organization of
the Randolph County Horticultural Society, in 1881, he was chosen President,
in which capacity he still acts. With a grateful appreciation of the honors
that had been bestowed upon him by his friends, he had decided to be no more
in public life, but spend the residue of his time in the cultivation of his farnl.
But in 1880 his friends suggested his name as a candidate for Representative
from this district in the General Assembly, to which he yielded assent. He was
then teaching school, and made no effort to secure the nomination, but at the
convention he was chosen, over two strong and worthy competitors, and in (he
following fall was elected by a flattering majority. In the session of 1880-81,
he was identified with important legislation, and throughout his term of office
proved himself faithful to principles and the interests of his constituency. Re
occupied the,'position of Chairman of the Committee on County and Township
Business, and was a member .of the Committee on Mileage and Per Diem, the
Committee on Trust Funds, and the Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills. He
introduced the bill under whose terms the telephone companies of this State
are organized and^operated ; also, a bill authorizing the transfer of a turnpike
in Randolph County. The latter measure was one of local interest, and its
sucess afforded great satisfaction to his friends at home.

The Committee on County and Township Business had charge of a large
number of bills, and accomplished great good in the way of preventing vicious
and extravagant legislation ; and so well did they perform their work that, at the
close of the session, they received a vote of thanks for their services. Among
these was a bill to authorize the Attorney General to disburse the accumulated
funds due the various counties in the State, from the old "Three Per Cent Fund."
The bill came into the hands of the Committee, and an amendment was sub-
mitted by Mr. Murray, making the Treasurer and Auditor of State the disburs-
ing officers. The passage of this amendment saved the Slate a commission of
ten per cent on the amount involved, amounting to over $100,000. He intro-
duced forty-three amendments to the revised tax-law, of which number forty-
one passed and are now in effect.

At the same session, a bill was introduced to create the office of State Bridge
Commissioner. It would have been the duty of this Commissioner to visit coun-
ties, and inspect all bridges erected subsequent to the passage of that law, in
all cases where the cost of the bridge was in excess of $500. It was left for
him to decide upon the merits of the case, and making the contracts
of the County Commissioners subject to his approval. In effect, it gave
to this official an opportunity for collusion with contractors, and, although
legislation in regard to bridges and a better system of construction was recog-
nized as necessary, this bill struck the Chairman of the committee as vicious in
its nature, and he requested a member to move its reference to the Committee
on County and Township Business. It was placed in the hands of this commit-
tee, where it underwent many changes and modifications. When it emerged
from this ordeal it was so amended that lis provisions, if adopted, would have
resulted in good ; but the session expired^ before any action was taken,
and thus the measure failed. By this bill* the Slate Bridge Commissioner
would have the power to receive bids, award contracts and authorije the con-
struction of bridges in any county in the State. At the solicitation of Mr. Mur-
ray, the bill was referred to the Committee on County and Township Business,
where it was so revised and its objectionable features so altered and amended
that the original bill was scarcely recognizable. Its ultimate passage was de-
feated by the close of the session, which expired before any definite action was
taken in reference to this matter. Among other bills that passed through the
hands of this committee was the law, now in force, authorizing the establish-
orphan homes. He was conscientious in advocating and sup-
■' ' ^ ' himcalculated to promote the best interests

porting all n

of the public and secure economy.

Mr. Murray was made a Mason in July, 1860, in Deerfield Lodge, No. 117.
He subsequently took a dimit from that lodge and united with Winehester
Lodge, No. I'jr, ; he passed all the degrees of the Blue Lodge, and in 1864 be-
came a member of Randolph Chapter, No, 85, R. A. M. In 18—, he was ad-
mitted into Winchester Council, No. 20, R. & S. M., and to Richmond Com-
mandery. No. 8, K. T., in 1874. In 1881, he received the Scottish Rite degree
at Indianapolis. He served four years as Worshipful Master of Winchester
Lodge, and during this period was chosen High Priest of the Chapter, and Il-
lustrious Master of the Council, serving as the presiding officer of the three
lodges at one time. He is an enthusiastic Mason, thoroughly posted in the
ritual and all the work of the order. In May, 1875, he was appointed Junior
Grand Deacon of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, serving one year, and from
1872 to 1876 he was Deputy Master of the Ninth Masonic District, embracing
the counties of Adams, .Vllen, Jay, Wells, Henry, Delaware and Randolph.
He became an Odd Fellow in 1864, and has passed the chairs of both the sub-
ordinate lodge and Encampment; he has twice been elected as the Representa-
tive to the Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows, and once as Alternate Representative

AM09 0. BBE80N,
son of Mahlon and Sarah (Amett) Becson, was
born July 29, 1812. at BloomlnRsport, Eaiidolpb
Co., Ind. nis father, who was a native of North
Carolina, came to Randolph County with his
parents In 1620, icinalnlng here until 1856. His
wife died In liiw, and. In 1856, he removed with
his family to Hancock County, lud., where he

school oducatiOD In yo
eighteen years, entered 1
at the printer's trade wl
the GreeiiUeia (Ind.)

m an apprenticeship
William Mitchell, of
I August^

1862, he anllstevl In Company G.Seventy-n
Indiana Regiment, under Col. Kneftler. This
i-eglnicci was I'.t'ached to GeH. Thomas Wood's
Division of tilt, 5<iui-th Army Corps. Mr. Bee-
son participated in all the U.'-ttles In which hU
reglniBut was engaged (excoptini; the battle of.
Stone Elver) op to the 201I o£ .lane, 1864. He
was at the battle of Pen yvlllc, Chlckamauga,
the siege of Chattanooga, Jlisslou Ridge, Look-
out Mountain, In the East Tennessee campaign
as far as Bull's Gap. and the Atlanta campaign
as far as Kenesaw Mountain, taking part In the
battles of Timnol Hill, Rocky r.nce llldge, Res-
aca, Cassvllle, N'ew Hope Chi.rch and Lost
Mountain. At tliu battle of Kenesaw, on the

le left

hand, and being thus permanently disabled and
Incapaelfaled for duty, he was honorably dis-
charged from the service In February, 18M. On
the 16th of February, 1886, he was appointed
Deputy Recorder ot Hancock County, Ind,, and

a noteworthy fact tt

to that oJBce In
a ofBce In June,
!h he was elected,

^

_y.'-'

and In company with E. J. Marsh <now of the
Pottland Comr lerrto!) pnrohaaed the Winches-
ter Journal, with which he has ever since been
Identified. In December, 1871, bo purchased the
Interest ot Mr. Marsh In the paper, and In July,
1872, associated Mr. Hodson with Ulni as a part-
ner. The Journal was theu edited and pub-
lished by Bodson & Bceson until July I, IS^l,
when Ml. Beeaon beosrae sole pioyilttor by I he
purchase ot Mi. nodson's Inteicat, and hm
•Inee continued to publbh Uv/lthout an .issoel -
ate. The Journal office Is tho ol<lfl3t riririin^
establtalinieut In Randolph Coacly, having

13 by n

Nefl,who Issnjd the VTloi-.liest ;r PoUnot frora
this room. In the hands of ica prosjJt proprie-
tor, the JourTuri nialatalna the high rcpii'.nti'jn
It has always borne for lellahility ucO h.Cucxce.
circulation, a!;d Ustroafiy
a politics. In Fe'jpiisTj, iWi, ISt,
Beeson was elected by the I^aialr.tuto cl la li-
ana as one of the DlrnoSors of the State rr'fim
North, and on the lltU of March, 1381, vf.j&
chosen President of tho bofipl. He Is .» uan ot
weU-known Integrity, enl in tJ! ict^/cot! a fO'^i
citizen He Is a raenibei c" the Ki." jn!c tets--
nlty, the Independent Order ot Odd I'jBowu,
the Knights ot Honor, anil one i,f tta o'uarter
members o£ Nelson Trussier Post, I.'o. ';o, G. A .
B. He Is a thorough busineis man, prompt auu
reliable In aU- his dealings, and sovemed always
by a high sense of honor and right. During kU
residence In this oommnrilty, he has gained
mnnerouB Irlends, and by Us personal popular-
ity bag placed the Jottmal upon a high plane in
J'terary and political circles. He was married
In 1867, to Miss Margaret E. Marsh, an accom-
plished young lady, the daughter of William
Marah, deceased. This anion was blessed by
two children, named respectively WllUam E.

Res.ofA.C.Beeson.Winchester, Randolph. Co. Ind.

Hon Andrew Aker

Mrs Hannah Aker.

Judge DanielB. Miller

Mrs NancyA. Miller.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

and either in an official or priTate capacity always attends the annual aessions of
the Odd Fellows and Masonic Grand Lodges. He has been honored with important
trusts, both by the publio and by the fraternities with which he is identified, and
in each instance he has discharged the duties of his position with a zeal and fidelity
that proTed the trusts worthily bestowed, and gained for him a lasting place in
the estimation of those he served. He wag married on the 14th day of October,
1864, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John Oarland, Esq., a highly respected
citizen of Randolph County. By this nnion they are the parenU of two children,
named, respectively, Frank and Rhoena. In politics, Mr. Murray has always
been recognized as a strong partisan, and is bold and fearless in the advocacy
and maintenance of his principles ; yet among his warm, personal friends, be
counts many who are radically opposed to him in politics. His personal char-
acteristics have won Mends to his side, and among them all, he is recognized
as an honorable man and a good citizen.

HENRY T. MoINTIRE resides at Macksville, White River Township ; he
was bom in Randolph November 16, 1820 ; his father, Robinson Mclntire,
was one of the first settlers of the county, having emigrated hither in March,
1819. Henry T. was brought up at hard labor, such as only those who saw the
wilds of the forest can realize. His schooling was obtained in subscription
schools, which continued about three months each year. The schoolhouse was
furnished with slab seats and puncheon writing desks. The window in the
schoolhouse was made by removing one log out of the side wall. The room
was warmed by a huge 6re-place in the end of the house, around which the
happy urohins gathered in the cold winter days to warm and study. Mr. Mc-
lntire was married, in 1856, to Mias Mary J. Bull, a native of Logansport,
Ind. They have had seven children, of whom six are living, viz., Anna M.,
Sarah B., Rachel 0., Sample P., Battle and Ouy K. Mr. Mclnlire has a fine
farm in the bottom lands of White River, which is mostly underlaid with an
excellent quality of gravel and some lime rook. He engages in farming and
stock-raising. He donated two acres of land for the Macksville Cemetery and
the M. E. Church. Mrs. Molntire is a member of the M. E. Church.

JOSEPH MONKS, farmer, P. 0. Harrisville, was born in Hamilton
County, Ohio, April 7, 1818, and is a son of John and Matilda E. Monks, the
former a native of England, and the latter of Bardstown, Ky. He came with
his parents to this county in 1821, at that time the Indians, deer, turkeys and
wolves were numerous in this locality. The Monks settled in the thick
woods, and labored bard to prepare a home. Mr. Monks has ground corn in a
hominy block with an iron wedge. The nearest mill was at Richmond, twenty-
five miles distant, and that distance he went on horseback. There was no
school until he was thirteen years old, and then it was. a subscription school,
taught in a log cabin, with "stick and clay" chimney, slab seals, puncheon
floor and clapboard roof Mr. Monks was married, August 17, 1846, to Miss
Lucinda Wilmore, daughter of W. C. Wilmore, of whom we shall make further
mention elsewhere in this work. They had five children, viz., John, Willis,
Louisa, Sarah (deceased), and an infant (deceased). For eleven years, Mr.
Monks followed wool carding, with his father in Winchester, since that time he
has been engaged in farming and stock-raising. He now owns 160 acres of
valuable land, and resides on Section 12.

JAMES MoNEAL is a resident of White River Township ; he was born in
Washington Township, Randolph County, July 28, 1830, and is a son of James
and Elizabeth Jarratt McNeal. James was brought up on a farm and educated
in a log cabin. The seats of his school-room were cushioned with the soft sides
of split slabs, and the floor was carpeted with alluvium. In one end of the
schoolhouse there was a large fire-place, which was a comforter on cold winter
days. Mr. McNeal, in his early life, was employed in clearing land and put-
ting the soil under cultivation ; he also learued the carpenter trade and black-
smithing. Of late years be has employed himself, as he says, " in a general
purpose way." He is a genius in the arts. He was married, April 11, 1808, to
Miss Matilda Moyer, a native of Pennsylvania, and daughter of Jacob Moyer,
of German descent. Mr. and Mrs. McNeal have had two children, viz., Elmira
Belle, who is a graduate of the Winchester High School, and a prominent
teacher of Randolph County ; Ida P., who is deceased. Mr. McNeal owns a
neat farm of thirty-three acres near the corporate limits of W.achester. This
family ie favorably received and highly appreciated.

THOMAS R. MrGUIRE was born on the 12th day of May, 1833, at Max-
ville, Randolph Co., Ind.; he is a son of Samuel McGuire and Eunice (Burns)
McGuire, a native of New York. Samuel was a native of North Carolina. There
were ten children in the McOuire family. Thomoj R. is the oldest son, and
consequently very familiar with the pioneer life ; hie education was such as
the district schools then afforded ; he has always been employed on a farm.
On the 30th day of December, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, of the Nine-
teenth Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and re-enlisted on the 31st
day of December. 1863, at Culpeper Court House, Va. He participated in the
battle of Petersburg and the Wilderness, and was wounded, and is a pensioner ;
he was detailed as a teamster in June, 1862, and drove a team nearly three
years ; he was badly hurt by a mule falling on him on the 7lh day of May,
1863; he was honorably discharged on the Tith day of July, 1866, at Jeffer-
Bonville, Ind., by reason of General Order No. 26, of the Army of Tennessee.
Four years before the war, Thomas R. and his wife moved to Cooper County,
Mo., and resided there till the war began, when on account of the war they re-
turned to Indiana. After the close of the war, they moved to Minnesota in
1866, end back to Indiana in 1867. In 1874, moved to Kansas, and in 1877
back to Indiana. They have nine children— William R., born May 10, 1856 ;
Kiinuel, born September 19, 1868; James A., bom July 2, 1861; Daniel S.,
horn October 8, 1866 ; U. S., October 8, 18G5; the latter two being twins —
Lewis B., November 30, 1866, Anna Mary, December 3, 1868; Sarah Ellen,
January 26, 1871 ; Martha Jane, January 6, 1875.
ABRAM MOSER, farmer, P. 0. Winchester.

leges in his boyhood days w

of Solomon and Mary Mos
very limited, as school pri
very poor; he came to this county with 1

parents in 1830, where he worked very hard, assisting his father to clear and
make a farm. The schoolhouse in which he attended school for a short time
was a small cabin, with slab seats, and a board, supported on pins in the wall,
for a writing-desk. He has cleared and made two farms for himself since
grown; he was married, in 1846, to Miss Catharine Brooks, by whom he had
twelve children: of these, there are living, viz., Martha A., Anderson, David,
Ensley, MilliaC, Ufayette and Abram H. Mrs. Moser died July 24, 1879,
and he again married, June 18, 1880, this time to Mrs. Hannah Woolf, who had
one child — Alonzo, by her first husband. Mr. Moeer's father was a soldier in
the war of 1812.

DANIEL U. MOORE (deceased), was a native of Warren County, Ohio,
and was born October 17, 1818 ; he was reared on a farm and educated in
Lebanon, Ohio. In 1826, he Removed to Butler County, Ohio, with his sister,
where, July 26, 1838, he married Miss Mary Freeman ; she was born in
Butler County, Ohio, in June, 1813, and is a daughter of John W. and Marga-
ret Freeman. Mr. and Mrs. Moore became the parents of fourteen children,
twelve of whom they raised, and eleven are now living, viz., John W., Joel F,,
Jasper, William, Thomas, Albert, Francis M., Oliver, Margaret J., Mary A.
and Daniel H. They moved to this county in 1858, where Mr. Moori^
worked very hard to make a farm. As a farmer and stock-raiser he was emi-
nently successful, accumulating over 400 acres of valuable laud. He died Au-
gust 80, 1876 ; he was an honest, benevolent man.

TYRE T. PUCKETT.
Tyre Taylor Puokett, a pioneer and farmer, is the son of Joseph and Mary
(Garrett) Puckett, and was bom in Surry County, N. C, January 15, 1810.
iSe ie the oldest of a family of ten children, of whom four are now living : his
parents were born and raised in North Carolina. They removed from North
Carolina in the fall of 1814, and settled in Clinton County, Ohio, where they
remained for five years, when they removed with their children to Indiana, an i
settled in Randolph County, White River Township, and entered a quarter sec-
tion of land, being a part of the farm upon which the subject of this sketch now

Tyro was about ten years of age when his parenU settled in this county.
The part of the county where they settled was an unbroken forest, there being
but four families in the township. There being no improvements, these families
were compelled to clear a roan through the forests before they could gain ac-
cess to and from their premises.

Tyre's experience in boyhood was most severe in hardships and depriva-
tions ; being the oldest of the children, the burden of the responsibilities of
pioneer life fell to bis lot. But having learned the great lesson of nntiring in-
dustry, and being blessed with a robust constitution, his part of the labor of
developing a farm under these circumstances was crowned with abundant

His education was meager, being deprived almost exclusively of the ad-
vantage of schools, and what education he did obtain was secured by his own
exertions at such times as he could not be actively engaged on the farm ; he
mastered the rudiments of the common branches sufficient to transact the com-

He early acquired a great fondness for study and the reading of general
literature. In order to obtain books and papers, be would exchange some of
the products of the farm for them. For the first newspaper he ever possessed,
he gave a barrel of Sour as a subscription price.

He was first married to Elizabeth Bales, daughter of Daniel and Catherine
Bales, of Randolph County, November 20, 1880. They were the parents of
four children, two of whom are still living; his first wife died July 17, 1838.
His second marriage was to Eliza Johnson Hill, daughter of John and Esther
Hill, of Henry County, Ind. They were married November 10, 1845 ; bis
second wife is still living, and her portrait accompanies this sketch in con-
nection with her husband's. This second union was blessed with one child, a
daughter, who is still living with them at the old homestead.

Mr. Puokett is owner and proprietor of a farm of 287 acres, of which 100
acres are under cultivation. This farm is conveniently located, of a good
quality of soil, well adapted to grain and grazing. It is supplied with an
abundance of never-failing water. It is also supplied with abundance of excel-
lent timber. The farm buildings are in good condition, being convenient and
commodious. His house is in close proximity to two excellent and never-fail-
ing springs. Mr. Puokett's church relations have been with the Society of
Friends ; that of his present wife of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In poli-
tics, Mr. Puokett affiliates with the National Greenback party at the present
time, having always before the organization of this party affiliated with the
Republican party.

His most excellent wife, Eliza J. Puckett, was born in Virginia September
6, 181V). She is the daughter of John and Esther Hill; her parents removed
from Virginia and settled in Henry County, Ind., in the spring of 1838. Eliza
was the eldest of a family of eight children, seven of whom are still living, and
all reside in this State with one exception. She was fourteen years of age
when her parents removed from Virginia, and being the eldest, the greater
burden of frontier life fell upon her shoulders. In addition to performing

u 1.-1,1 duties In pioneer times (which none but pioneers know), she '

engaged as laborer on the farm, d
ig down through the whole cata!
years of age, she hired out for several years, receiving a
frequontly receiving her poy in articles of apparel, etc. She now owns a spin-
ning-wheel and side saddle as relics of the wages of her younger life. Her
education is very meager, on account of the fact stated in connection with her
pioneer life.

Mrs, Puckett is in good health at the present time, and takes an active
part in the cares of the household, which she is careful to look after in detail.
Her husband is deprived from manual labor to any great extent on account of
contraction of some of his limbs, caused by rheumatism. Each leads a quiet and

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

industrious life, surrounded by loving cliildren and friends, and enough proper-
ty to keep them comfortable the remainder of their days.

CALVIN PUCKETT, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. This enterprising farmer
and the present Treasurer of Randolph County was born in this county Janu-
ary 16, 1835, and is a son of Nathan and Betsey Puokctt, natives of North Caro-
lina. He was brought up a farmer's boy, and his education was received in the
common schools; he served his country three years and three months in the
late war, in Company E, Fifty-seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry,
■ and participated in the battles of Mi.ssion Ridge, Pittsburg Landing, Kenesaw
Mountain, Resaca, Black Hickory and others. He was married, in January,
185'.), to Miss Emeline Pegg, a native of this county and daughter of Ithamer
Pegg, of White River Township. They have had five children, of whom four
are living, viz., Delphina, Elvira, Sarah A. and Angeline. Mr. Puckett owns IGO
acres of valuable land, and resides on Section 36, White River Township.

NATHANIEL POCKETT farmer, (deceasod). The subject of our sketch
was a native of this county, and was born February 28, 1825. His par-
ents were Zachariah and Edith Puckett, who settled in Randolph County in
an early day ; he was brought up to hard work on his father's farm : he was
married three times — first, to Miss Nancy Hurst: the second, to Sarah J. Spray,
and the third time to Miss Sarah, daughter of John Adamson. Mr. Puokett
had two children by his second wife, Zachariah T. and Samuel C, and six by
his third wife, viz., James, Elmer, Elijah and Chester, living, and Phoebo A.
and Mary E., deceased. Mr. Puckett died March 18, 1880, respected by all.
He was a benevolent and kind citizen, always aiding as he was prosperous in
business for the support of schools, churches, and benevolent institutions.

WILLIAM PEGG, farmer, P. 0. Unionsport, is a native of Wayne County,
Ind., and was born April 1, 18-U. His parents were John and Lydia Pegg,
who came to this county about the year 1832. The country was then wild,
and they had to work very hard in the thick timber to make a farm. They
lived for several years in a round-log cabin. Mr. Pegg attended a subscription
school in an old log cabin, and sat on a slab bench, and wrote upon a board
supported by pins in the wall. They often had spelling schools at night, and
vied with each other as to who .should stand up last in the contest. Mr. Pegg
was married in February, 1859, to Miss Hettie A. Green, daughter of Levi
Green, deceased. She was born in this county. They have six children— Taylor,
John H., Lydia B., Charley C, Rosanna and Lizzie C. Mr. Pegg owns 153
acres of valuable land, and is a prominent farmer.

MARTIN PEGG, farmer, P. 0. Unionsport, was born in this township Jan-
uary 30, 1837, and is a son of John and Lydia Pegg, early settlers of this
county. He was raised on his father's woodland farm, and hence is familiar
with grubbing, picking, chopping, rolling logs, and other hard work attending
the making of farms in the woods. He attended school in a log house, and sat
on a slab seat. He was married, March 11, 1866, to Miss Rebecca J. Woolf,
daughter of William Woolf, an early settler of Randolph County. They have
four children— Francis M., John W., Milo C. and WiUard P. Mr. Pegg served
three years in the late war, in Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana Volunteer
Infantry, and participated in the battles of Mission Ridge, Stone River.
Atlanta, Huntsville, and others, twenty-two in all. He now owns seventy-one
acres of valuable land, and is engageii in farming and stock-raising.

JOHN PEGG was born in North Carolina May 17, 1800, and died on his farm
in Wliite River Township, Randolph County, April 7, 1867. He was a son of
Reuben Pegg, and was brought up on a farm, and accustomed to hard work all his
life from his youth. He was married February 12, 1820, to Miss Lydia Cloud,
and in 1830 came to Randolph County and settled on the west half of Section
28. in White River Township. Mr. and Mrs. Pegg had eleven children, of
whom nine are living, viz. : William, Martin, Rachel, Rebecca, Lydia, John,
Jesse, Luoinda and Lurena. John and Martin werf; soldiers in the late war,
and participated in many of the most noted battles, among which were the fol-
lowing: Both the Bull Run conflicts, Chanoellorsville, the Wilderness. Fred-
ericksburg, Antietam and Gettysburg. At the last-named place, John was
wounded and taken prisoner, on the Ist day of July. 1803, and on the 4lh
day of the same month he was re-taken by the Union forces.

JOHN R. PHILLIPS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. Mr. Phillips is a native
of Clermont County, Ohio, and was born May 3, 1827 ; his parents were Joseph
and Nancy Phillips. The former was a miller, and our subject took his early
lessons in manual labor in his father's mill. At the age of seventeen years, he
learned the wagon and carriage maker's trade, at which he worked for about

Buty-six

n during tl>e rebellion. He entered the service as Second Lieutenant
of Company E, Eighty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, but was soon promoted
to the office of Captain, lie participated in the battles of Arkan.sas Post, siege
of Vicksburg, Red River expedition, siege of Mobile, and others. While storm-
ing Fort ISlakely, at Mobile, the brim of his hat was cut by a ball from the
enemy. He was married in November, 1849, to Miss Nancy Beeler, by whom
he has had seven children; of these four are living, viz. : Samuel li., Parish,
Bnnis N. and Frank G.

JOHN PICKETT, farmer, deceased. This worthy old settler was
born in Orange County, N. C. August 4, 1808, and is a son of Ben-
jamin and Ruth Pickett, also natives of North Carolina. His educational od-
vantages were limited. The schools were taught by subscription, and in
cabius. He sat on a slab seat split from a log, and wrote on a puncheon desk
supported by pins in the wall. The windows consisted of a log removed from
one side of the house. This was closed by a board when loo cold, as thejr had
no glass, He came to this county in 182',) ; returning in 1830, he married Miss
Mary Pike, daughter of William and Sarah (Sherriden) Pike. The young
couple then cast their lot in the lloosier forest. They purchased the improve-
ments on some land, which consisted of a small cabin, with clap-hoard door,
puncheon floor and o stick chimney, half built. There was also one acre of land
cleared. There they struggled hard to make a home in the dense forest. Mr.
I'iokett hauled wheat to Dayton, Ohio, a distance of fifty miles, and then could
jet no money for it, but was compelled to " trade it out." They have had ten

children, of whom six are living— William, Clarkson, Louisa, Ruth D., R, Bar-
clay and T, Chalkley. All are married except Ruth D. They are members of
the Society of Friends, Mr. Pickett died on the 14th day of March, 1882, and
his son, Clarkson, died on the 22d day of March, 1882.

JOHN W. PFISTERER is a merchant at Unionsport. He was born in
Cincinnati, Ohio, February 5, 1831, and is a son of Philip and Magdalina
Plisterer, who were natives of Germany, Tlie greater portion of Mr. Ptisterer's
youthful days were spent on the farm, and he received his education in the
common schools. He first engaged in business near Greenville, Ohio, in the
manufacture of woolen goods. He came to Randolph County in 1866, and, ex-
cepting one and one-half years, has resided here ever since. In the month of
September, 1880, he began business in the village of Unionsport, in a store of
all kinds of goods and notions suitable to the trade of the surrounding coun-
try. Owing to his fair dealing, his trade steadily increased, and his business
became permanent. He was married, in 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Muokridge, a
daughter of James R. Muokridge. Mrs. Pfisterer was born in Cincinnati. In
the Pfisterer family there are four children, namely, Maggie, William, Charles
and Emma.

JOHN RICHARDSON, dry goods merchant, has been a prominent citizen
of Winchester for thirty-three years. He was born in Franklin County, Ind.,
March 10, 1825; he is the son of William and Jane (Cathers) Richardson, and
is the second child of a second set of three children, none of whom are now
living except the subject of this sketch; his father was a native of England, and
was born in 1777, and came to the United States with his parents very early in
life; his mother was of Irish parentage, and was born in Pennsylvania in the
year 1795; his father died in Ohio when .John was but two years of age, but
had previously resided in Franklin County, this State. After the death of his
father, John accompanied his mother in her return to this State, and settled on
lined for about three years, when they moved

) Butler

Atth

1, John

a gaged

Adams, of Hamilton, Ohio, to learn
Mr. McAdanis for about six months, when he was bound to James Wilson, of
Cincinnati, for seven years, but did not remain until the expiration of the time
by about one year. While with Mr. Wilson, he continued to work at his trade.
After leaving Cincinnati, he worked at his trade for one winter in Hamilton,
then went to Pittsburgh for a short time, and from there to Wheeling, W. Va.,
where he remained for nearly one year ; he then went to Lexington, Ky., where
he remained until the breaking-out of the Mexican war, when he enlisted in
the First Kentucky Cavalry, undei- Capt. Cassius M. Clay and Col. Humphrey
Marshall. The regiment went into camp at Louisville, Ky., for about one
month, when they were transferred to Memphis, Tenn., and went into camp in
Arkansas, on opposite side of the Mississippi River. After remaining here for
ten days and receiving their supplies, they went to the front on the Rio Grande
by overland rouie. After recruiting for one month, they were assigned to guard
and scout duties. After guarding a supply train as faras Monterey, theyjoined
Gen. Taylor's army. They were again placed upon guard duty, and accompa-
nied another supply train to Saltillo, and from there were sent to guard a pass
in the mountains. While here, John and twenty-nine other men of his regi-
ment, commanded by Capt. Clay and Maj. Gaines, were detailed to ascerlnin
the position of Gen. Santa Ann.Vs army. While they were engaged in this
hazardous undertaking, they were surrounded and captured by Gen. Minion,
of Incarnation. They were conveyed as prisoners of war to San Louis, and
several other places. They were kept at the City of Mexico for about five
months. When Gen. Scott made his attack upon that city, they were trans-
ferred to Tampico, where they were paroled at the close of the war, and after-
ward mustered out of the service at New Orleans. After a brief sojourn at
Louisville, Ky., he engaged himself to a man by the name of Belknap, who was
employing teamsters for an overland route from Vera Cruz to the City of Mexi-
co ; he made one trip to Mexico, where he remained until peace was declared ;

was at that time living in this county. He has continued to reside in this
county ever since, with the exception of the winter of 1849, when he lived in
Miohigan City, this Stale. He was united in a first marriage to Cynthia Ann
Lilloy, of La Porte County, Ind., July 21, 18-50. This union was blessed with two
children, both of whom are deceased ; his wife died in Winchester May 12,
1853 ; he was united in a second marriage to Miss Nancy Mettler, daughter of
William and Nancy Metller, of this county, October 9, 1803, who still survives,
and has been of inestimable service to her husband, in his battles against poverty,
and securing a competency of worldly effects which they now enjoy. In fact,
Mr. Biclmrdsoa owes much of his present position in the world to the industry
and frugality of his excellent wife, who is a most amiable and worthy womau.
She was b.iru in Wayne (Jounty, Ohio, January 28, 1826. Mr. and Mrs. Rich-
ardson are the parents of four children, three of whom are living as follows :
Ellen F., born July 15, 1854, and deceased July 6, 1859; George F., born
March 7, 18.56; Clara B , born June 22, 1868; Lillie M., born March 9, 1863.
At the time Mr. Richardson came to the town of Winchester, he w.as wholly
destitute of means, but was master of a good trade, and to this he applied him-
self with the greatest diligenoc. working day and night, and by his industry
and frugality in his investments, he has become independent, and can live with
ease upon his income. He owns some of the most valuable business blocks in
the city of Winchester. In addition to his trade, he has been successfully en-
gaged in a general mercantile business for over thirty years. Jlr. and Mrs.
Richardson and their diughterS, are acceptable and honored members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. llichardsoa is also an active member of
Winchester Lodge, No. 56, F. & A. M., Randolph Chapter No. 35, R. A. M., and
Richmond Commandery, No. 8, K. T. He is a public-spirited man, and has
ever taken an active interest in all of the moral refirms of the day. Ho has
always been a bitter and uncompromising enemy of the rum traffic, and has de-
voted largely of his means and time to the temperance cause. .Mr. and Mrs.
Richardson arc- well preserved in health, active and useful members of the
church and society.

WHITE RIVER TOWNSHIP.

WILLIAM RUBLE, farmer and carpenter, P. 0. Winchester, was born in
Bandolph County August 4, 1828, and is a son of Level and Nancy A. Ruble
natiyes of Ohio. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the com-
mon schools of this county. He was married, December '23, 1864, to Miss
Rachel Reynard, daughter of Salomon Reynard. They had four children.
Til.: Ellen, Qara A., Estella and Jesse G. Mrs. Ruble died March 13, 1868.
He again married, January 1, 18G9, this time to Mrs. Abbie C. May. She
had two children by the first husband— William H. and Sarah B. Mr. Ruble
resides on Section 27, White River Township, and is engaged in farming and
stock-raising. He is also a carpenter by trade, and has erected many of the
best houses and bams in this township. He is a member of the Masonic
Order.

Nathan Reynard is now a resident of White River Township, and
his post office address is Cerro Gordo. He was born March 18, 1821, and
is a son of Jeremiah and Sarah Reynard — his father born in Pennsylvania
and his mother in North Carolina. His life bas been spent upon the farm. His
education was obtained in subscription schools taught in log cabins. When at
study, he reclined on split slab seats, the ease of which never lulled to sleep.
Mr. Reynard knew the well-known Dr. Jake, an old Indian doctor, who
refused to follow his tribe but remained in the neighborhood with the whites.
Mr. Reynard is authority for Indian Jake's application of ague remedy. Dr.
Jake's wife took the ague and he applied his remedy by pricking her forehead
with a sharp instrument and rubbing on his remedy. Mr. Reynard was mar-
ried. May 8, 1851, to Miss Eliza A. Griffin ; she is a daughter of James Griffin,
who was born in North Carolina November 6, 1801. Mr. Griffin now resides
with Mr. Reynard. Mr. and Mrs. Reynard have had sir children, namely :
Vespasian C, Emily J., Azile Granville, Edward G. and Sadie A. Azile is
deceased — Granville and Edward are practicing and prosperous physicians,
Vespasian C. has been a teacher, but is now farming in Iowa. The daughters
are teachers. Mr. Reynard held the office of Justice of the Peace three terms.
He and his good lady reside upon their farm where they have a pleasant and
happy home. Mr. Reynard now gives his time in overlooking his farming and
his flocks and herds.

WALTER R. STARBUCK, farmer, P. O.'Cerro Gordo, was born in Guilford
County, N. C, May 19, 1812, and is a son of John and Beulah (Garrett) Star-
bi<ok, the former a native of Massachusetts, and the latter of North Carolina.
The elder Starbuok was a tanner by trade, and also worked in winter seasons
at saddle and harness making. They resided on a farm, and our subject has
done nothing else save farming and raising stock. They came to this county in
March, 1881, where he has since resided. He was married, in 183B, to Miss
Sarah Fisher, of Wayne County. They have had ten children, of whom but
three are living, viz.: Aladelphia, Malinda and Zerah C. Two sons, Christopher
C. and Alexander S., were soldiers in the late war. Christopher was killed at
his post in the battle of Gettysburg, and Alexander died at Indianapolis, on
his way home, after being discharged. Mr. Starbuck is a member of the Wes-
leyan Methodist Church.

WILLIAM W. STARBUBCK, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, is a native of Gray-
son County, Va., and was bom March 2, 182.5. His parenla were John and
Beutah Starbuok, the former a native of Nantucket Island, and the latter of
North Carolina. He came with his parenU to Wayne County, Ind., in 1834,
and to Randolph County in 1836. They settled in the "green" and labored
hard to improve and make a farm. When they arrived in this county, the'
family had one horse, a yoke of oxen and $1 in money. Hence they had
no other alternative except to work. Our subject was married, January
1, 1854, to Miss Levisa Davison, by whom he had six children — Martha, Nel-
son, Bula, Isom, Columbus and Thomas. Nelson married, had
then lost his wife; the child is with Mi ~ ' "
Mrs, Starback died March 4, 1878. Mr
Company E, Fifty-seventh Indiana Volun
Shiloh, where he was detailed as cook,
which he enlisted, and was honorably discharged. He has since been engaged
in stock-raising and farming. He has some of the finest stock in the county.

SAMSON SUMMERS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in this county
October 24, 1834, and is a son of Henry and Julia Summers. He was reared
on a farm and educated in the common schools. He has lived in various
places, and served in the war three years, in Company H, Eighty-fourth Indi-
ana Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the battles of Atlanta, Jonertioro
and Lovejoy Station. He was mustered teamster at first, and it was only by
his own request that he went into battle. He was married, April 3, 1869, to
Miss Maria Coats, by whom he has had eight children, seven living — Keturah
E., William W., Sherman, Cynthia A., Columbus M., Carl H. and Herman 0.
)wnB 43 acres in White River Township and 200 acres in Mis-

ime is Wesley,
ifantry, and was in the battle of

CHARLES SUMMERS, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Augusta
County, Va., October 29, 1806, and is a son of Henry and Polly Summers, also
natives of Virginia. He was brought up on a farm, and attended school in a
log cabin, and sat on slab seats. He came to D.iyton, Ohio, in 1827, and some
time afterward returned to Virginia. He came back to Dayton in 1830, and in
1831 came to this county and selected a choice farm, which he still owns and
occupies. He returned to Dayton, Ohio, after making the purchase, and there
cut wood for 25 cents a cord to obtain money with which to pay for his land.
He married Miss Susan Ludy February 28, 1833, and the following year he
brought his young wife to the Iloosier forest. He built a small cabin in the
woods and cut out a piece of one log to admit the light. Fir seventeen years
he hauled goods from Cincinnati and Dayton, and at such times as he had no
hauling to do he would chop and haul two cords of wood to Winchester per
day. Mr. Summers bought his first nails and first tobacco (dogleg) in Win-
chester with ooonskins; he also paid his taxes with coonhides, lie donated
the timber for the first church in Winchester. He had to go to Richmond to
mill, a distance of twenty-five miles. Mr. Summers did a ^ast amount of hard
work. He out (from the stump) and split 1,400 rails for George Hiatt for seven

bushels of wheat, which was then worth 37 cont6 per bushel in currency. This
he accomplished in seven days, besides going two miles to get some corn
cracked also. Where can there be found a man who can do as much at the
present time? In those days, they had no stoves, but cooked in pots and
Dutch ovens. Mr. and Mrs. Summers had seven children, of whom six are
living— Elvina, John, Elizabeth, Sarah A., Charies W. and David. Mrs. Sum-
mers died September 16, 1847, and he again married, in June, 1S48, this time
to Miss Rebecca Ludy, a sister of his former wife. They had one child— El-
zina. Mr. S. now owns 113 acres of valuable land, which is underlaid by a
stratum of gravel from two and a half to three feet beneath the soil. Although
Mr. Summers has worked very hard, it was not for self only, for he has always
liberally assisted schools and churches, and has ever been ready and willing to
aid the poor and needy.

ANDREW JACKSON SMITH.
Andrew Jackson Smith has been a resident of Randolph County all his
life, and is engaged in farming and running a saw-mill, in both of which enter-
prises he has been quite successful. He is the son of Durant and Eli/iabeth
Smith, and was born September 16, 1842. He is the tenth of a family of
twelve children, of whom ten are living. His parents were boru and raised in
North Carolina, and came to this State and county in the year 1830, where his
father still resides, his mother having died November -23, 1879. Andrew's
youth was uneventful, save that he was compelled to battle against poverty,
and for this reason his education is very much limited, having been received
from the district schools of the county and one term at Fountain City, Wayne
County. Realizing the want of an education himself, he is a strong advocate
of popular education, and is making every effort and sacrifice to educate his
children. His oldest son, Arthur, is at this time attending the Winchester
High School. Mr. Smith was married to Miss Elizabeth H. Hobbick Septem-
ber 16, 1864. His wife is an amiable Christian lady, and is a native of this
county, and was born January 30, 1845. She is the daughter of Chri.-itian and
Christina Hobbick, who were natives of Germany and came to this country
about fifty years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are the parents of seven interest-
ing children, all of whom are living, as follows: Arthur D., born September 10,
1866; Milo V., March 8, 1867; Ida L., November 23, 1869; Delia V., Sep-
tember 24, 1872 ; William J., March 31, 1875 ; Mary C. E., October 31, 1877 ;
Bessie A., April 7, 1881. Mr. Smith is owner and proprietor of a farm of
eighty-five acres, under a high state of cultivation. He has recently erected a
beautiful two-story frame residence, which is both convenient and commodious,
an exact sketch of whicli is given in this work. In addition to farming, Mr.
Smith has owned and run a saw-mill for the most part since 1872. This mill
is in good repair, and he has been quite successful in this enterprise. Mr.
and Mrs. Smith are acceptable members of the Society of Friends, the former
having a birthright in the church, and the latter has been a member for about
fifteen years. Mr, Smith has always been an active Republican, and although
never having asked for an office has been of much service to the party of his
choice. He is active in all the moral reforms of the day. lie and his excel-
lent wife are useful members of the church and honored and respected citizens

oftl

merchant, and resides at New Dny-
in Greene County, N. Y.. August 7,
died in the spring of 1S82. Par-
don Sherman was a second cousin of Gen. W. T. Sherman ; Mary Sherman,
widow of Pardon, still resides near her son Larmon. Our subject was educated
in the common schools and the old Randolph County Seminary. lie began life
by teaching school ; he began mercantile business at New Dayton, Frank-
lin Township, in 1866, and continued till 1866, when he went to Minnesota.
He remained there till 1870, when he returned to New Dayton. While in
.Minnesota, he sold drugs and groceries. In 1875, he erected a business house
on the opposite side of the road where he had been engaged, where he now holds
the fort. He carries an investment of over $50,000, it being a general ossortmeut
of all kinds of goods. He has sold in a single year $12,000 worth of goods.
He was married, in 1856, to Miss Sarah Mann. They had one cliild, which
died, and Mrs. Sherman died in Minnesota. In 1876, Mr. Sherman married
Mary Ullum. They are both members of the M. E. Church.

SIMPSON SCOTT, stock dealer. Winchester, was bom in Greens Fork
Township February 1, 1827, and is a son of Edward and Chloe Scott, who were
natives of North Carolina, and who came to this county in 1817. They settled
in Green Fork Township, in the timber, and erected a small cabin for their
pioneer abode. They had to go to Richmond to mill. Our subject received his
education in a log cabin, while .sitting on a slab bench. This was th

The r

wanned by a huge fire-place in one end. He was married, in 1852, to Miss
Hannnh Smith, daughter of DurantSmith. They had ten children, seven living
— Pennina, L. Columbus, Ellen. Durant M., Annie, Walter and Lizzie. Mrs.
Scott died, and he again married, this time to Mrs. Mary Denton, whose maiden
name was Asheviil. By her he has one child— MoUie L. Mrs. Scott has been
married twice before, and had one child by each husband ; their names are
Franklin S. Smith and Freddie J. Denton.

FRANCIS M. SINGER, tilo maker,Saratoga, was born in Daiko County,
Ohio, December 4, 1841, and is a son of Benjamin F. and Mary Singer. He
came to this county in 1860, and married Miss Mary Slianafclt, on the Olh of
September, the same year. They have six children — Joanna, William F., Albert
F., Charley, Samantha and Ursula. Mr. Singer established a tile factory on
Section 2, White River Township, in 1877, and is making the best tilo in the
State, according to the decision of the tile makers' convention, in 1880. So
popular is his tile that he cannot supply one-fourth the dem.and. During the
year 1880, he made 9,000 rods, and by January 1, 1881, not a tile was left.

JOHN TISOR resides in White River Township. He was born in Miami
County, Ohio, January 12, 1824, and is a son of Austin and Su.sannah Tisor,
the former » native of North Carolina, and the latter of South Carolina. Our
subject was reared upon a farm, and learned early to grab and pick bmsh and

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

roll logs. Hie only school advantages were such na the country then afforded,
a few days each year. He came to this county in 1838, when but fourteen
years old. His parents died when he was quite young, and he was ihrown
upon his own reaources. He began to battle with the cold world, and by liis
(Treat energy and indomitable industry, he soon provided for himself a home.
He has cleared and improved three farms. The first land he occupied was an
unbroken forest, and he had to cut and clear away the brush before lie could
erect his cabin. On the 2l8t day of March, 1844, he was married to Elizabeth
Carter, daughter of Thomas Carter, who came to this county in 1829. Mr and
Mrs. Tisorhave had six children, of whom five are now living, viz., William
U., who is a physician ; Thomas H., who is a farmer ; May M., who is inter-
married with Henry T. Study ; Enos M., who is an artist; and Allen A., who
is a farmer. Mr. TLsor has given each of his children a farm. He now has
lefi for the future home and comforts of his remaining days ninety-five acres of
valuable and welliiuproved land. His life has been a success, and crowned

JOHN VAN PELT.
This honored citizen of Randolph County was born in Highland County,
Ohio, June 30, 1829. He is the son of Elijah and Lucy (Bethel) Van Pelt, and
is the third of a family of four chiMren, of whom three are now living. His
father was born in Ohio September 19, 1794. His mother is a native of Vir-
ginia, and was born May 14, 1798. His father was a farmer, and died in Clin-
lon County, Ohio, April 1, 1872. After the death of her liusband, his mother
came to this county, and made her home with the subject of this sketch, where
she died April 13, 1881. John was raised on a farm in Ohio, and received a
fair education from the common schools of that State. He was m.arried to
Milicent Morris, September 4, 1852. She is the daughter of David and Nancy
(Cooper) Morris, and was born in Fayette County, (.)bio, July 3, 1833. Mr.
and Mrs. Van Pelt lived in Clinton County, Ohio, until the year 1868, when
they came to this county and locateil in Monroe Township, purchasing 352
acres of land, partially improved. They lived on this farm until September,
1880, when they sold out and purchased the farm where they now reside. This
farm is well improved and conveniently located. It consists of 144 acres of
excellent laml, with 120 acres under cultivation. The farm buildi

sketch of these buildings is herewith g.iven. Mr. and Mrs. Van Pelt
parents of four children, all of whom are living, as follows : William A., bom
June n, 1853 ; Uavid, August 22, 1859; George, December 7, 1864 ; James,
May 7, 1871. Their oldest son, William, is married, and is comfortably settled
in Monroe Township, this county. Mr. Van Pelt is a stanch Republican, and
true to the interests of the party. His excellent wife has been of great assist-
ance to him in all of his undertakings, and is entitled to a share of the com-
mendations for success. They are both honored and upright citizens, valuable
•s of society, and honored and beloved by their friends and neighbors.

Th<

EDWARD WRIGHT,
subject of this biography was one of Randolph Count

ti Highland County, Ohio, August 18, 1810.
He was the son of Judge John and Nancy (Brown) Wright, and was the oldest
of a family of three children, all of whom are deceased. He came with his
parents to this county February 2, 1817. His father entered lf,0 acres of land
three-fourths of a mile northwest of Winchester, and lived on it for about seven
years. He then sold out, and bought 100 acres of unimproved land, one mile
west of Winchester, and lived on it for twenty-five years. He then sold out
to Isaac Ray, and moved to Whitley County, this Stale, where he remained
until his death, which occurred in 1847, and his wife died in the same county,
June 5, 1873. Edward lived with his parents, following the occupation of
farming most of the time until he was of age. He received a liberal educatien
from the common schools, the best offered at that time. He was Deputy County
Cleric for a time under Charles Conway, and Deputy Sheriff under James Bea-
man. He was mirried to Mary Ann Ileaston, December 21, 1837. After mar-
riage, ho and his excellent wife settlcil on her father's farm, and remained for
one year. They then bouglit ICO acres of land one-half mile south of Win-
chester, where thay lived for one year, when they sold out to Christian Heas-
ton, and moved back to Mrs. Wright's fither, and remained about four years.
They then bought 160 acres where his widow now resides, and moved upon it
March 14, 1844. Mr. Wright subseiiueiitly added to this farm, by purcliase,
until it consisted of 268 iicros, with 183 acres under a high stale of cultivation,
lie and his wife accumulated projierty very rapidly, and prior to Mr. Wriglit's
death they came into possession of 1,090 acres of land in this county. This
land has all been deeded to their children, with the exci'ption of 444 acres,
which is owned and controlled by Mrs. Wright. Mr. Wright died August 23,
IS80. About eleven years previous to his death he bad the misfortune of
breaking a limb caused by a fall, which was soon followed by a stroke of
piiralysis from which he never fully recovered, and caused him nuich suffering.
Up to the time of tlio accident he had been a man of strong constitution, and
did a great amount of hard physical :abor. He vina noted for his industry,
frugality and generosity. In politics, he was a st.auch Democrat. His genial
and affable manner, in connection with his hospitality, won for him a large
circle of devoted and admiring friends. He was a kind and devoted husliaml,
an affectionate father and honored citizen. Of the direct descendants of the
Wright family none live to perpetuate the name.

Maev Ann (Heaston) Wriqht, widow of Edward Wright, was born in
Montgomery County, Ohio, April 13, 1819. She is the .laughter of David and
Catharine Ileaston, and is the oldest of a family of four children, three of
whom are living. She came to this State and county with her parents when

out doors, windows or chimney, and one row of puncheons for a floor. She
bad t.' endure all of the trials and harisliips of a pioneer life, being deprived
of educational advantages and many other necessaries of life. Yet the.se

deprivations gave her a discipline which was of great value to her in after
years. Sie remained with her parents until her marriage, which was at the
age of eighteen years and eight rnontho. She and her husband were neighbors'
children, and had known each other all of their lives. Mrs. Wright is the
mother of four living children (one having died in infancy), as follows, Cath-
arine Monks, born February 20, 1839 ; Eliza Lykins, September 18, 1841 ;
Nancy Curry, May 11, 1844; Man- A. Romizer, June 1, 1848. Mrs. Wright
is the grandmother of ten children, six boys and four girls. Since the death
of her husband she has retained the homestead farm of 268 acres, and other
land to the amount of 176 »cres, in her own possession, and takes entire man-
agement thereof, assisted by her son in-law, John Romizer. The homestead
farm is well improved, being supplied with excellent and commodious buildings,
a sketch of which is given in this work. Mrs. Wright is a woman of rare
executive ability and forethought, is well preserved for one of her age, and
possesses a great amount of energy and perseverance. , She is a most genial
and intelligent lady, and is honored and beloved by all who know her.

ISAAC WRIGHT. The subject of this sketch, a native of Virginia, born
March 18, 1808. His parents were Francis and Agnes Wright, who came with
their family to this county in 18.S6. The land was covered with a heavy growth of
timber, and the Wrights, like others, were necessarily exposed to hard labor.
They cut wheat with sickles for many years, and thrashed it with flails. Mr.
Wright first married Miss Miranda Butts, who bore him one child, Sarah, who
afterward died. He again married Miss Sarah Grady, by whom he had seven
children, viz., Margaret, Frank, Patrick, Jacob, James, John and Isaac. Mr.
Wright is again left a widower. He owns 160 acres of valuable land near Win-
chester, on the bottoms of White River.

ISRAEL WRIGHT, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, was born in Warren County,
Ohio, October 23, 1812, and is a son of Samuel and Sarah Wright, deceased.
He was reared on a farm, and educated in a subscription school. He came to
this county with his parents in 1830, and assisted in clearing the farm. He
was married, November 21, 1834, to Miss Elizabeth Hufi'man, by whom he had
eight children, six living, viz., Zimri, Marion, Austin, Elias, Stephen and
Sarah C. One son, Uriah, lost his life while fighting for his country in the late
war, and was buried on Island No, 27 ; Austin and Elias were also in the war.
Mrs. Wright died August 20, 1880, loved and respected by all. She was an
affectionate vrife and a tender mother. Mr. Wright owns 238 acres of valuable

HARVEY WYSONG.
In 1818, David Wysong ventured into Hoosierdom and settled in White
River Township : he married a daughter of John Irvin. David Wysong was the
father of twelve children, of whom Harvey Wysong was the eldest. Harvey
was bom in Randolph County, Ind., September 4, 1823 ; he wielded the wood-
man's ax, the handspike, mattock and spade during all his early life ; he was
educated in a round-log cabin which was furnished in substantial style. The
seats in that schoolhouse were of split slabs, and the writing desks consisted of
' '" ^ ' ' ig pins in the wall. He learned the brick-mason

wall tl

Jnty ;

of land, and

at present gives his time principally to the culture of his fields. In 1874, he
was marrieil to Miss Mary Summers, a native of this county, and daughter of
Charles Summers. They had one child, whose name is Charles L., who was
born May 27. 1876. Mrs. Summers died the same year. She lies at rest in
Fountain Park Cemetery, where her husband has erected to her memory a very
sightly monument. Mr. Wysong is a Mason, and is very favorably known in

BENJAMIN F. WELLS is a native of Brown County, Ohio, and was born
October 18, 1834. His parents were Adam and Elizabeth Wells, the former a na-
tive of Virginia and the latter of Kentucky. Mr. Wells was raised a farmer-boy,
and his educational advantages were none other than those furnished by the com-
mon schools ; he went to Illinois in 1856, and engaged in farming for one year,
when he went to Minnesota, but returned by way of Illinois to his native
county ; he soon after came to Spencer County, Ind., purchased some timbered
land and engaged in lumbering for some time. In 1861, he enlisted in the
three months' service in Company I, Twelfth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and
served his time for Uncle Sam. October 18, 18G6, he married Miss Amelia Cone,
by whom he had eight children ; of these but three are living, viz., Ambrose H.,
Marietta V. and Adda A. Mr. Wells came to this county in 1870, and settled
in the woods, and now he has a nice, well-improved farm of over 130 acres, be-
sides about seventy acres of timber. This has been accomplished only by hard
work and wise management. Mrs. Wells is a member of the Methodist Episco-
pal Church, and lie is a Mason.

JOEL H. WILLIAMS.
Joel II. Williams was born July 7, 18.50, iu the town of Newport (now
Fountain City), Wayne (bounty, Ind. ; he is the son of Nathan H. and Mary A.
Williams, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of Ohio. When
about two years of age, he came to Randolph County with his parents, who lo-
cated upon a farm near Olive Branch ; his mother died when her son was quite
young, and his father has since been twice married ; his first schooling was ob-
tained in the old log cabin, with slab benches without backs for seats, and the
slanting board from the wall for a writing desk, while his teachers made pens
of quills for him and the other scholars. " Lib " SUvrk, his first teacher, had
her bed in the schoolhouse, and cooked her meals on the school stove. At the
age of nineteen years, Joel left home to begin the battle of life for himself, and
entered the employ of John Clayton, working for him by the month. He had
qualified himself by hard study, and iu the fall of the same year in which he
left home, procured a license to leiicli school. Since that time, he has been en-
gaged alternately in teaching school during the winter and attending school and
working at the carpenter's trade during the summer, excepting about three
years of this time, during which he was engaged in mercantile pursuits. He has
been a student at the Farmland Graded Schools, the Ridgeville College a'nd the

i1#^

::^>:gS!^asi\^£M^ii^^^

F^es[DE]ncesofLevi Hill,/kjmd 3a|mfof(d Woodbuf^y(Sojm In L/^vn/)

GRflEr^S FORK TP. P^A|^!DOLPH 00.1^0-

GREENSFORK TOWNSHIP.

Pen Art Schools at Delaware, Ohio, and has a diploma for plain and ornamental
writing, awarded by the latter institution. Ho has taught school in the town-
ships of Monroe, Franklin, Washington, Greene and White River, and is recog-
nized as one of the most proficient and successful teachers. On the '25th of De-
cember, 1876, he was married to Miss Marietta Wright, daughter of Amos and
Delliah Wright. This union is blessed with two children, viz., Carlton 0., bnrn
November 19, 1870 ; I.yra Myrde. born August 8, 1881. In politics, Mr. Will-
iams is a Republican, and both himself and wife are members of Ibe Society of
Friends. He has prepared a genealogical record of the families of both his
parents, and for the past ten years has kept a diary of passing events ; he
has also written some poetical effusions, which be expects to publish. Mrs.
Williams' father died Mirch 10,1879: her gramlfulher was a soldier in tho
war of 1812.

GREAR N. WILLIAMS was born in Wayne County, Ind., May 1, 184.S.
He was reared on a farm, and educated in the common schools ; he is a son of
Joshua Williams, who was a native of North Carolina and born October 19,
1817. The elder WiUiaiPs moved with his family to this county in 1802, and set-
tled near Maxville on a farm, where he died January 18, 187'). The mother of
our subject was Amanda C. Graham, before her marriage with Joshua Williams.
There were thirteen children in the Williams family, and all are now living
At the beginning of the war, July 29, 1861, when eighteen years old, Grear N.
enlisted in Company B, Nineteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and on the 81st
day of December, 1863, re-enlisted at Culpeper Court House, Va. In Decem-
ber of 1804, the Nineteenth, Fourteenth, Seventh anil Twentieth were consoli-
dated and called the Twentieth Regimentof Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in which
organization Grear served till July 12, 180''>, when he was discharged by reason
General Order No, 20, Army of Tenne.'^see. Under his fir.st enlistment he was a
member of the First Brigade, First Army Corps, Array of the Potomac. This
brigade was known as the Iron Brigade, and participated in the following en-
gagements ; Gainsville, August 18, 1802; Second Bull Run, August 29-30,
1862 i South Mountain, September 14, 1802 ; Fredericksburg, December 13, 14,

li"), 1802; Antielam, September 1", 18(j2: Fitzhues' Crossing, April 29, 1863;
Gettysburg. July 1, 2, 3, 1803 : Chancellorville, May 1, 2, 3, 18li3; Spottsyl-
vania. Wilderness, Laurel Hill, CoM Harbor, battle of Chnntilly, in the night
of August 30, 1802 ; North Anna, Petersburg and siege of Petersburg, Hatcher's
Run, Weldon Railroad, Five Forks, Appomaitox Court House, Sulphur Springs,
August 25, 1802: Rappahannock Station, Augu.st '22, '23, 24, 1862; Thornburgs
Mills, August 0. 1862; Louisville, September 11 and 22,1801. Grear N. wa.i
present and participated in all the above-named conflicts, and was wounded iit
the first day's fight at Gettysburg, for which disability he is now a pensioner ;
he was also wounded six other times — but slightly. After the war, became home
and engaged in farming and stock-raising, in which business he has been pros-
perous. On the 10th day of December. 1874, he was married to Miss Nancy
J. Morrow, a daughter of John Morrow.

B. F. WILMORE, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, son of Willis C. and Sarali
Wilmore, was born in Winchester, Ind., January 3, 1842. .Since six yenrs

bite war in Company F, One Hutldred and Thirty-fourth Indialia Volunteer In-
fantry. He was married. June 2, 1808, to Mi.ss Flora Anderson, a native it"
Holmes County, Ohio, and daughter of John Anderson (deceased). This union
hsiH been blessed with three children — EilwinC, Troy A. and (;iarence H. Mr.
Wilmore is a member of the Baptist Church, and Mrs. Wilmore is a Preaby-

JESS15 W. WILMORE, farmer, P. 0. Winchester, son of W. C. Wilmore,
of this township, was born near Lynnville, this county, May '20, 1838. He spent
all his life on the farm, except eight years when a boy, which time he lived in
Winchester, and attended school there while his father attended to the duties of
hia office. He was married, August 7, 1804, to .Miss Helen, daughter of George
Swan. She was a native of Scotland. They had seven children, of whom live
are living, viz., George, Frank, Cora, Lyda and Holland. Mrs. Wilmore die 1
November 7, 1874, respected by all. Mr. Wilmore has filled the otliceof School
Director for near twenty years.

GREENSFORK TOWNSHIP

Greenstork is bouniled north by Wa^Tio nnd White Rivor,
oast by Ohio, south by Wnyno Coiinty, and west by Wnshingtoti,
being in the form of n purallelogi'nin, except that a " pocket"
projects towaril the northwest, being in size one mile by one mile
and a half.

It was first settled in April, ISU, and, with White River,
first created in 1818. Its size as it now exists, is about forty-
seven sections, seven miles north and sonth, and six and a half
miles from cast to west, besides tho " iwcket." It inchules the
head-waters of Nolan's and Green's Forks, of Greenville Creek,
and a little of the head of Dismal Creek. Greensfork includes
chiefly ])art8 of Towns Ki and 17, Kange 1 west, and Towns 18
and I'J, Ranges 14 and 15 east. The northwestern part is level
and somewhat low; tho other pai'ts are more or less rolling.
The land was originally heavily timbered, but farms now cover
it everywhere, only forest enough being loft for farm use.

The first settler was Thomas ^y. Parker, April, 1814, on Frac-
tional Section 32, Town 10. Range 1, just east of the old bound-
!iry, and jtist north of Wivvne County line, not very far west of
Arba, Other settlers in 1814, so far'as now known, were:

John W. Thomas, summer of 1814, entered latidJuly 21, 1814.

Clarkson Willcutts, south half of southeast tpiarter of Section
28, Town 10, Range 1, entered .lanuarj- ID, 1814.

F>phraim Bowen, October 22, 181 4, "northeast quarter of Sec-
tion 28, Town 10, Range 1 (residence of James D. Bowen).

Ephraim Overman, Section 27. Town 10, Range 1. settled No-
vember, 1S14.

James Cammtick, weet of Arba, northeast c|uiirtnr of Section
33, Town 10, Range 1, ontored .lanuary 21. 1814.

Eli Overman, west ptirt of Arba, southeast (puirtor of Section
33, To\m 10, Range 1, entered December 1 3, ISU.

Jasso Small, near Isaac Jordan's, Sectioji 22.

John Peale, south of Ephraim Bowen's, 18ir,.

Obadiah Small, present site of Spartanslmrg, 1815.

John Small had the Thomiis Hough place, north of Siiarlans-
burg. 1815. John Cammtick, netir Arba. ctime in ISlC.

John James, settletl between 1810 and 1S18.

Reuben Clark, settled near the toll-gate, north of Arba, in
1811). John JMann, moved to n(>ar Gilead in 1820.

Thornton Alox.indor (colored), noitheast of Spartansbtirg.

David Semans, in Greensfork Township, in 1825.

Windsor Wiggs, Sr., southeaat of Spartansbm-g, on Section
23, Town 10, Range 1, in 18'iG.

William Locke, purchased the Dan Comer place, north of
Spartansbiu'g, in 1828. Stephen Barnes, various places, 1830.

F. G. Morgan, Spartansbm-g, 1830.

Thomas Middlet<wi, where he lives, 1830, Section 2, Town
10, Range 1. Willis C. Wilmore, west of Arba, 1831.

Joseph Shaw, southeast corner of county, 1831.

Abnor Cadwallader, west of Arba, 1833.

Thomas Cadwallader, west of Arba, 1833. W. A. Macy, IS:'.:!.

John Handle, east of Spartansbm-g, 1833 (colored). Section
14, Town 10, Range 1. HaiTison Anderson, 18;io.

Stocksdale, northwiwt of Spartanslnu-g, 1835.

J. W. Clark, Spartansbnrg. 1 S30.

W. Taylor, west of Spwtansburg. 1830.

In 182S, tlicre wert^ near Spartansbnrg as follows:

David Bowles. ^\ illson Amlerson place.

(Toorgc Howies. Widow Moore place.

Henrv Bail.'v. on the :\IcKim place.

Stiiiiton Bailev. Mo,.i-maii farm.

Cornelius Ovei-maii, Crist f;inii, Section 14, Town 10, Range 1.

William Osborn, Ben Elliot farm.

Philip. Hockett had lived on the Sam Middicton place, but
hiid gone.

Richard Corbett, on his old place. Section 22, Town 10.
Range 1. AVidow Small. Hough place.

Jiinies Jackson's pl.-ice had been .■settled. Section 2. Town 10.
Range 1. .lames I'eale's pkice had been settled.

Daniel Comer's j.hioe had two cabins. William Arnold.

Frcd.u-ick Fulghum. The above account is as full as it can
now be made, but of course there were many more.

The " (^lakei- Triioe " w.is out through in 1817.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

There was a mill at Jessup-s very .'arh— beforo IS21.

F<ir lirst school, t'tc. t^eo wt.th'Uiciit (A couutv.

Fur millH. etc., ».>.> SpartauNbur;;. Arl)a, ote.

<in'onsfork is a tiue to\vnshii>, much (if itwell improvod, with
;,'. " id dwolliugs aud farm buildiii;,'s. Four pikes pas.s thri lUfjh it,
;is follows: Bm'tonia <& Arba pike, Lyim i-V iipartansliurj; pike.
Taiupico i)ike, and new free pike, iu process of construction
from Wayne County line, extending east of Spartansbiu-g and
15artonia northward "to Union City.

A railroad has been made tlu-ough the township, about mid-
day l-,etwocu Spartansburg and Arlia, from Columbus, Ohio, to
Indianapolis, being an extension of the Indianapolis, Blooming-
ton ct Western (I., B. &^X.).

Grccnsf ork Township lias good schools. Spartansburg, Arba,
I'inhook and Edgewood (colored), are largo aud graded. Nine
1 if the houses are brick.

Keligious services were early established — by the Friends, at
Arba, ISIu; by the Methodists, at Ephraim Bower.'s, in ISli,;
l.v tho Methodists, at Spartansburg (William MeKim's), iu 1.S;j;i.

The entries ol hind, as given iu the records, are chiefly as fol-
lows, up to lb2<J inclusive:

I Note. — Tho times of entrv and of settlement do not agi'ce —
e. g., the lirst settler, Tliomas W. Tarker, April, ISU, was the
lifth as to date of entry, August 10, ISU. And so in other
c:isos. Tho designations in llie land <'ntries. etc., are explained
thus: S. E. 28. ~H',. 1 W.. ir.li. January T.t. ISU. means south-
east quai-ter of Section '.i'-'. Township Ki. Itango 1 west, ItiO
acres, entered January I'.i, 1M4. \., S., E., W.,' N. E., S. E..
i^tc, refer to the])oinl»s of the compass, as north, s-mfh, etc., etc. |

Clarksou AMllcutts, S. E. 2S, 10, 1 W.. January IU. ISU.

James Cauuuack. east half Section — , 10, 1 W., 3::i;-{.10, Jan-
uary 2-2, ISU.

Ephraim Boweu, N. E. 28, Ki. 1 W., 100. April 18. ISU.

John Thomas, N. W. >;:!, 10, 1 W., 1.".t;.r.S. .hily 21, ISU.

Thomas W. I'arkcr, ?.2, 10, 1 ( IVimIi. ui, l-^oss. Aug. 10, ISU.

Ejihraim Oveimau, N. A\\ 27, 10, 1, J,M),r.(i. ISU.

Eli Overman. S. E. 33, 10. I, l.'.O.r.S. IVrember 13, ISU.

Nathan t)verman, S. "W. 27, I'l. 1, l.V.i,.".u. Sept. !3. ISlTi.

Sanmel Maun, Section 29. 10. 1. .•:^.l.2^. Jnne 2v. |S|0.

OuvhI Keuworlhv, S. E. 2, IS. U ,'a^t, ion, X,,v. 2,1810.

J:imes Frazier, N. E. 2, IS. 1 t e;,st. 100. Xoveuili.r 2:'.. ISIO.

J'lphraim Overman. N. W. U. 10. I. l-MMin. X,,v. I'li, isp;.

Alisalom Thomas. S. E. 27. 10. 1. ir.',).,-,(). .launarv 21. 1SJ7.

Heiirv Bailev. S. \V. :U, 1

Fred Fulghum, oast half N. W. 20, 10, 1, 78.08, Jan. 19, 1823.
Stanton Bailev', west half N. E. 14, 10, 1, SO, May 12, 1823.-
Dorsey llyan, S. E. S. E. 2(). 10, 1, 39.12, August 21, 1823.
William Odell, east half N. E. 30, 10, 1, 78. 1)2, Aug. 2, 1824.
Jesse Bright, west half S. E. 3-'), 17, 1, 79.88, Jan. 20, 1820.
Joseph Gray, N. W. N. W. 2o, 10, 1, 40.04, February 19, 1820.
JefVL. Summers, N. AV. N. E. 33, SO, April 12, 1820.
Jacob Rogers, N. E. N. W. 11, 10, 1, 39.72. May 27, 1820.
Jesse Bright, S. E. S. W. 35, 17, 1, 40, Juno 2," 1820.
John Lovd, west half S. W. 33, 17, 1, 320, Juno 10, 1820.
Daniel Shoemaker, east half S. 11, 18, 14 E.,80, July 4, 1820.
Amh-ew Walker, S. W. S. W. 24. 10. 1, 40.3(5, July 19, 1S20.
Andrew V/alkor, east half S. W. 24. 10, 1, 80.30, July 19, 182().
John Peello, east half N. E. 2, 10, 1, 79,08, Dec. 21. 1S20.
Wm. N. Jackson, west half N. E. 2, 10, 1, 79.()8, Deo. 21,182().
Joseph Horn, west half S. W. 22, 10, 1, 80.(58, Jan. 17, 1S27. ^
E. Overman, west half N. E. 22, 10, 1, 80.08, June 28, 1827. .
Levi Horner, east half N. W. 34, K!, 1, 80.76, Oct. 22, 1827.
S. H. Middleton, west half N. E. 1 1, 10, I,79.40,April 10,1828.
Joel I'arker, west half S. W. 20. 10, 1. 78.24, Oct. 22, 1828.
Elias Colman, west half S. E. 22, 10, 1, 80.C)8, Oct 22,1828.
Ziba Marino, east half S. E. 14, 18, 14 E., SO, Nov. 21, 182S.
Clark WiUcutts. S. E. 7, IS, 15 E.. S1.24. December 5, 1S2S.
M. Rhodes, west half N. W. 13, 18, 14 E., SO, Jan. 27, 1829.
R. Fulghum. east half N. W. 22, 10, 1, 80.08. Feb. 20, 1S29.
William Hill, west half S. W. 7, 18, 15 E.. SO, April 8, lS2'.t.
1>. I),.nig.., east half Mnitheast 21, 10, 1, 80. 4S, April 8, 1S3I).
M. Nich.ils, west halt N. W. 22. 10, 1, 80.68, Juno 1, 1S29.
M. Fulghum, east half X. E. 27. 1(3, 1, 79.74. Oct. 15,1829.
Th.is. I'arker Jr.. east half X. E. 22, 10. 1, 80.68, Oct. 20, 1829.
Thus it ai)]iears that the entries during each s
from 1814 to 1S29, iiiclusive. were as given below:

ISl,-, -

J'i;

;09.70a

D.IS aci
ilH. 1 1 ii

10. !.■

i.,1) !'>.

. I.

. N.iv(

S17.

1S17— S

ISlS-Six

1SI9— Two entries. 317.30 acres.

1S20-F,Hu- entries, 3S1.24 acres.

1S21 -Eight entries. 799.87 acres.

|s:i2--()ne enlrv, 79.00 acres.

1^•J:; Three entries, 1»7.S0 acres.

1^-JI- One entrv, 7S.92 acres.

is-J". -X.i entruN.

IS'jr, SJM enfrie-.. l,2:!'.l.30 acres.

lalf S. W. 3,-1. 17.

AVii
Epi

FeO

iani Vates
v Milk ,.

1- \inis, S

, north lialf'.t. 10. 1. 117,30.
n. w.-t li.-ilf X. W . 2. li;. 1,7
t, i'-elini:,rv 1 1. IMS.
, Frlini.ii'v 1 1, ININ.

A)ia
.f.«i

Anil

■•iolinsnn
e',v Ai-eha

\\e^t ii.-iirs. w. 11. IS. 1 1 E.,

•t, \M.st halfS. W. 30. 10,1,
v, S. E. 3. ir,, 1, l,-iS,'.l(», F,.)
•, X. E. 1, 10, 1. l.-,s. 1(1. Ma
n.east)i:df X. E. 31, 10. 1 . Su
n(r.,l,ired).west half S. K 3<

Tsai
W il

<■ l',l li.it,. u

■st half X. E. 2:!. SU.21. Oct
-. weM half S. W. 11. H;. 1.

. lo'. l,.Ml,'2l.'Se|rt,'. :

1. 10. 1,7,^.'.I2. Sent,. :

John Fellows N. W. 2:'..
Thornr,,m Alexander. Sv
tiO, August 23, 1822.

iir X. W. 10. 1,

Tho aveia-e r,,r ea.-li entrv is 114 acres. In one year, 1825.
no enlriosweiv made. In Is"!."., 1,S22 and 1S24, ouo'entiT each
took pl.-iee. In 1M9. two entries; in 1S23 and 1827. throe entries:
in 1S20. four entries; in 1818 and 1820, six entries each year;
in 1^17. seven entries were made; in 1810 and 1821, eight

Tlie entries of l;iud and tho settlements may not agi'ee.
Some enteivd land and did not move to it; somo sold their en
tvii's; sonu.put others uium their lauds to make an improvement.

Lplothe beginning of 1S30. a little more than one-fourth
of the land had be.'n entered; proliably forty acres to a clearing
would bi> a f.-iir estiiii:ite. giving about three thousand aeres
cle;ired, or 10 per .•out. of th.. wh.ile. in seventeen vears.

(Ireeusfork contains the hillowiug sections:

Township 10. north. Range 1 west^-Sectious 1 to 4. 9 to Ki,
21 t<i 211. 32 to 3(i, all inclusive.

To^^nship 17 north. Range 1 west— Sections 33 to 30, inclu-
siv,.. township 18 n.irth, 15 east— 5, 0. 7 and 18.

Tounship !'.» north, 15 east-17, IS, 19, 20, 29, 30, 31, 32.

ToNMiship IS north. Range 14 east— East half of 2, east
lialf of 11, 12, 13, east half of U.

T<iwu.ship 19 north. Range 14 oast — oast half of 11, 12, 13,.
ea-t half of 14 and 23, 24, "25, east half of 20, and 35, 30.

Many of tho sectiiins aro fractional, since the old boundary

GREENSt^ORK TOWNSHIP

361

intersects the townships in an angular direction from north to
south, and fractions are formed on both sides of the boundary
line. The surveys both west and east from the meridians each
wr.y are made to tiio boundarj'.

There .are about forty-seven square miles, and about thii-ty
thousand acres in the whole township.

The entries in succeeding years were more rapid, since, by
1810, nearly the whole county had been taken up.

Greesfork is a large, thriving and prosperous township. There
is only one chief thoroughfare across its territory, and that is the
oldest in the region— the " Quaker Trace," from Richmond to
Fort AVayne. It has no railroad, except a new one in progi-ess, iu
ltS,S2, its nearest railroad town being Lynn, on the Grand Rapids
road. Union has been its chief point, but, since a pike was built
connecting Spartansburg with Lynn, much of the business from
Greensfork finds its way to Lynn.

Greensfork is occupied by a jiopulation largely noted for in-
dustry and thrift, for quiet, peaceable habits, and general morality
and good order. For many years, no intoxicating drinks have
been sold openly within its limits. Its schools maintain a high
grade of excellence, and it has an unusual proportion of churches
and church members. There are at least seven churches in tlic
township, occupied by the various denominations. The churches
are Friends, at Arba; Methodist Episcopal, at Spiurtan.sburg;
Disciples, at Spartansburg andGilead; United Brethren, at Pin-
hook and in tlie we.st jjart of the township; African Methodist, at
Mt. Zion; and possibly others.

Two of the schools of Greensfork are of a superior grade —
the township school at Spartansburg, and the Union Literary In-
stitute at Edgewood, in the east pai-t of the township.

Ditching has been jierformed extensively, especially in the
west part of the township; and that region, formerly too low
and wet for settlement, has become tilled with an active and
thriving population.

There are many splendid farms, with substantial residences.
Several saw-mills have been and are iu operation within its lim-
its. Under-draining with covered tile-ditches is in the process
of inti'oduction throughout the t<jwnship.

Township 18, Range It east:

Section 1, entered from 1818 to LS^JT); iir>( ciitrx
- JeB,se Johnson April 29, 1818.

Section 2, in 181(>, by David Keuwoithy, X.iwiJiboj

Section 11. h'om 1S18 to 1S31 : Peter Mills, Februar

Section 12, 1828 to 1885.

Section 13, 1817 to 1831; Peter Pearson, 1817.

Section 14, ISi'O to 1S3(),

Township 19, Range 11 east:

Sections 11 and 11, 1.^35 to 183(>,

Sections 12 and 25, 1S:!() to 1837.

Section 13, 1835 to IS3T.

Sections 23 and 2(), 1S3().

Section 24, 1833 to 1S37.

Section 3f), 1819 to IS3S: ]);ivid Frazier, .Jiilv 3, l'~

Township 18. Range 15 „ast:

Section (), 1.S31 to 1S37.

Section 7, 1828 to 1837.

Section ]X, 1817; Rice Price, November 14. 1817.

Township_r.», Range 15:

Section 17, is:>5 tu Is:!'.),

Section 1^. ]W.U', ^,, ls:;7.

Section r.t. 183(1 to ]K',\ \

Section 20, 1831 t<} 1830. i

Section 29, 1835. '

Section 30, 1837. : .1

Section 31, 1834 to 183(1, i :

Section 32, 1831. i

Township HI, Range 1 west: [ l

Sections 1. 3, 18111 -3(); Peter Cnimriue, Mav 215, 1M9. t

Section 2, 1818-30; Ephraim L. Bowen, February 7. "

Section 4, 1830.

Section 9, 1834.

Section 10, 1817-35; Obadiah Small, September 17, 1817.

Section 11. 1817-30: P. Winston, November 15, 1S17.

Sectiou 12, 1831-30.

Sections 13, 2U 1834-30.

Sectiou 14. l.SIO-35; Ephraim Bowen, Novi-m1>er 9. ISlC.

Section 15, 1S21-31; William McKiiii, November 4, ISi'l.

Section 10, .school land.

Secti9n 21, 1.S29-31.

Section 22, 1^21-30: Robert Thomson, November 14, l^.Jl

Section 23, l|82()-:!0; Stanton Bailev, Octol)er 21, 182n.

Section 25. 1832-30.

Section 20, 1823-30; Frederick Fnlghum, Juno 12, 1S2;).

Section 27, 1.S14 29; Ephraim Overman.

Section 28,1814-10; Clark Willciitts, January 19, 1814 (first
entrv in township).

Section 2SI, 1810.

Section 32, 1814: Thomas W. Parker, August 10, 181 1.

Section 38, l.SM-37; James Cammack, July 21, 1814.

Section 34, ISI7-3I; Henry Bailey, August 14. 1817.

Section 35, 1^:10-33.

Section 30, 18|7~33: Gabriel Odle, November 20, 1817.

Township 17, Range 1 west:

Section 34, 1831-:'.'.); Ejjhraim L. Bowen, November 7, 1^31.

Section 35, 181S-30: John Small, Janmu-y 9, 181S.

Section Hit, 1817-39; John Foster, December 1, 1817.

This entry of Foster's includes Philip Holland's late residence, .
south of the GritKs farm, northeast quarter of Sectiou 30. Town-
shin 17. Range 1.

'Greensfork wiis entered between 18U and 1 S3'.), inclusive.
I First settleme .1 i'.,i- made iu Greensfork; first entrv occurred in
I Wayne.

I TOWNS.

I Arba— Hem-y Cammack, proprietor; recorded October 30, 1855;

fourteen lots; Meridian street, north and south; location, on
I pike leading from Bartonia to Riclimoml, four miles south of

Si„ytan,ljin-g. on S-.-tion 33. T..wushi|. 10. Range I,

TLe tou-u must liave l.eeu great I v eiilaj-v,l since its first plat-

ling, sine,, the duvllinus extern! a I,.ng .listance on both si.les „f
; the |,iiie ruu.iiug tlu-eugh the place, fh..re Ix'ing probably fb-iV

or fo)tv resi,l,.ii.-e- within the limits of the village. , ' " '
It is in th(.soull,en, i.art,)f the township. Willial.u Fulghuiu

ha,] the llr.t, ^lii-e Xoah Turner had the first smith./shoi.; Isaa.

Tarl^er l.a^ a u ag.-n .hop; William Parker had a ^rness shop

after awhih'. Friends' Meeting-House (a jjole cabin) was buiji

ii; IM",. abuut forty years before the town begari. The tir.-,!
established by Parker ^ Wright. Tliey owned a

! The merchants have been William Fulghum. Joseph Ful
ghum,Hemy Cammack, H. & H. W. Horn, Samuel Pierce, Bo\vei,
j & Horn, Hill & Gordon, Elihu Cammack, Jouathau Rogers, •!.
! Newb.>rn (grocery), etc.

The smith sfiops have been run bv Noah Turnei-, Silas Beii
nett, I-L)se;i (iisl, Jesse F. Parker, Morgan. Bush, J.teece.
Wagon sheps— Isaac Parkei-. Joel Parker.
I Harnes- sh,.,,- William Parker.

Phvsielan- Messi-. Young, Kellv.Himt, Heiner& Son, Mee],

Pr.

,. Hor

t Bov

. Jo,

Mill V

ed t

.idents: Dr. Hoiner. Joel Parker, Jesse Thomiis.
; .lun.-ithaTi Ko-ers, S. C. Bowen. H. W. Horn, Joseph Arnold, Dr.
I Meek. 'I'hoiuas Bush. E. F. Reece. F. C. Fulghum, etc.
i Residents iu the vicinity: Antony Clemcmts, near southeast
j of town: William Hunt, south of towni: Hem-y Horn, soutli oi

town: Emery Kellv. west of town: -lacob Horn, east of town;

James C. Bowen, north of town; William Horn, north of town!
I Clarkson Charles, north of town; Jlrs. Thomas, east of town;
j Silas Horn, northeast of town; Hem-y Thomas, northea.st of tow.n;

362

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

J.'sh'ia Thomas, noi-th of town; James D. Bowon, northwest of
town (old Bowon place).

Tliere is ono pike, north and south, oxtending from Bartonia
north to Richmond, etc., south. There are no secret orders.

The nearest railroad points are Lynn, on the Indiana &
(.-rand Rapids Railroad, six and a half miles; and Fountain
Cit\. on the same road, six miles.

"Arha contains about thirty houses and one hundred people.

Arlja is a neat village, in a superb country. The region is a
splendid, rolling tract, rich and fertile and well improved.

The tirst meeting-house in the county was at Ai-ba — built liy
J'iii»Dds, The first school was taught in that house by Eli

nthor

round

Ihe earliest settlement iutheeoanty was
thiP' town, and a splendid region it is, truly. j

The countrj' is rich, the. farmers are wealthy. The dwellings ,
are neat, and:, ."many of them elegant; the society is good, the j
soho(48 ai-e well taught, and the general toueof morals and man- |
uers is of a high character.

The place has rilways been noted, in fact, for its strict stand-
ard of totnperance and sobriety. The region was settled larg(-ly
by Methodists and Friends; "and their teachings and practice
hav3 maintained a superior standard of intelligence, morality j
and thrift. \

Distances: Bloomingport. eight miles; Bartonia, seven and j
four-fifths miie-s: HuutsviUe. fifteen miles; Lynn, sis and a half
miles: Losautville. eighteen and a half miles: Spartansburg.
three and nine-tenths' miles; riii,,ii fify. fifteen and one-tenth
miles; V.'inche.-,ter. fiff.n-n ;in.l >.n,.|, -tenths miles: Em-al, '

and a half mil^
uules; Tampic.
X.nvburg (Sp.-

Richn

n City,_

Isaac Jordan's, south of town, on the pike; Richard Bunch's,
southeast, near State line; J;unes Kelly's, southwest of town;
Armstrong's, west of town; Chenoweth's, west of town; Daniel
Comer's, north of town, etc.

Spartansburg has about fifty dwellings and 20'^ people.

The business of the town may be stated as follows, viz. :

Two dry goods stores — J. W. Hill, Amer Forkner, moved away.

One driig store— Jehiel Cm-tis (now John Taylor).

One grocery — English.

One tin shop— Chenoweth.

Two smith shops- H. McDonald, Williams & Bro.

Two hotels- John W. Hill, John Chirk.

One butcher shop — Chenoweth (bought at Union City in
spring of 1SS2).

Throe shoe shops — Dunham, Manning, Bailey.

One milliner's store— Mrs. Humphrey (now Lillie F. Tucker).

Two saw-mills— Clai-k iV Horn, and another.

Ono corn-mill.

One plauing-niill.

One tile factory— Harlan Hunt.

Three physicians- Messrs. Morgan, Beny and Baldwin.

One cabinet shop- Wesley Locke.

One stock-dealer -\T. M. Campbell.

One milhn'ight -Wesley Locke.

One undel•fa]^er- ^Morgan A' Curtis (Morgan is dead).

Two wa,i,'o,i sliops -Messrs. Clnrk and Pierson.

One ]iosT.ii)l<-' .l()ii.-l Curtis (now Tavlor).

One graded -Am.d Three rooms.

Two churclie- -^leiludist Kpisrn],ul and Disciple

One Justice Tl,ein,,s ]l<>vjU iimw J. AV. L(x;ke,|.

One (VrnsKil.i,

One

'■'1'-

■1 Cu

a.le
Spiu-t

D'de,

mle-

X. .1

-\\illi;in

Mel

. :\iii

prietor; fifty fiM> l"t-.

.<ye: 7ioro. east and west. First. Secnnd; recerde.lOct. "J.^. 1SH4.

McKr.-n's First Addition— AVilliumJlcKim. projirietor: seven
h)ts; recorded Xovember 17. IS^S.

[Perhiii-'B other additions hav been made. '

The tov,-u is l.,ea(ed on See!i..ii H'. Tnwn-hip \f: liiui-e
1. on the o;d"()„;.kerT-.ure." four u,ile.i„eth.,f.\rl-Hn. el three
and uine-tenths inih- -uulh <A H:iit. .1,1:1. ..1, llie \r\-.> |uke, K
was laid orit iu iSlil^ by Williiau MeK.u,. In Is:;:, the residents
of the town were aliout as follow.; \\-illiam .M(dviin, fai'iner, on
the slope of the iiill south; George W. I':iiibers,m, UH-rclwint;
William Diites, merchant; William Locke, wagoii-m;iker; John
Leech, millwi-ight: William X. Jackson, cal)iiief shop; Thomas
McKim, tin .shop; James Fires. c:ii-|>ejiter; Joel Locke, black-
smith; Mrs. Thomson.

Some of the resident farmers were :ii that tiiii(> Samuel Mid-
dleton, one n'ile east. Section II, Town>ln|. Ki i;:inee 1 : Oeoi-e
Bowles, John Rnudle pluee. e:,st of town; 1~:,:m- Miinn. soutl, of
town; Jesse Clark. Houeh pl:ic-e: Willi:nn ■).-^-n]>. Daii Coinei
place: Rob-..'r+ Love, Campbell plaee: Tliouias .Mi.ldletou. where
ne IS now; Jam..s Jackson, there yet: Kdwurd Jackson, northeast
)f lowu: Joseph Jackt.on. noi-theast of town; Richard Corbett,
pe..r the Jordan place : Hezekiah Cartwright, Frank Morgan

mt citizens, some of them <piiteold:

',\ o!i, ,1 M Ti'vior, William Locke, Squire Bowen, (rnives,

•loliM W ij^- I <■ i-uien. John Barnes (machinist), John Mann,

Abr.iMi Manniiie. .lamias Knov (painter), John Knox, Mrs. Bowen,

Mrs. Mse.iveii, C, F. Tucker ' (teacher), F. G. Morgan

(fanner, (lei'ii. -loin IIou,di (farmev), Benj. Shaw (loan agent).
Tiie villi;; i piiei. ordeily and respectable; the streets are
.',,1(1. 1 - '. L' e le very good, and many of them nearly

le , i .e a worthy spirit of entei-prise, and

luu i 1 1 - ■■arried on. The town is beiiutiful

foi I'll l,e -III s lire well shaded; and, altogether, the

little country town is a jileasant plaee to live in. It has gcK>d
access to the lines of commerce, having a daily hack and mail
route to and from l^ichmond and Union City. It has also pikes
to Richmond, Ai-ba, Lynn, Bartonia, Union City and Greenville,
Ohio, Tampico. Palestine, etc.

Among the citizens in the neighborhood su'o Wilson Ander-
son, fanner and (^/uiify f'ommissioner, east; Jei-emiah Middle-
ton, frineer :'n.l I'oe- r;,i^er, east; Han'ison Anderson, farmer,
soii'i : r ^i Hi'l I'll i-mer and nurseryman, .soiith; Alfred Ruby,
fiiriiM • •.nil. I : - K'liliy, farmer and hog-raiser, north; Clem-
I'lit I. \;. MOi<|ii liuiii.T. north; John F. Middloton, farmer and
Township Ti.i^lee. ,.orthe;Lst: William M, Campbell, farmer,

Of

.-vthinf

•the woods." Most of the l,..i,
rough and iirimitive. Spartansl'ni , .
witha few log cabins among the Im . . I, ,, . . 1, tlM-ivir
try village in the midst of a beautiful, feiiije imd liii
provetl region. The town stands on a fine rii-in;,' gnmn
looking a splendid coniitrv. Some of tlu>\ie\v- :n the
arc superb, especially the piv,« pert troni tb,' sehool bnildii
of town on the v,alle\ east and south, wliicli ran hurdlv l.e
In the county. There are n.anv line resi.fenc., .-. in the
auumr' which are Jiune. RnbVs, „o.-tl, of (own. on t)

and ;ill yvas
a -'huddle,"

i, reapers.

Lwostory brick, suitable for ii town-
(' fine sohoohxjoms, two recitation
lools are in operation much of the
■ivices in each of the churches.
Odd Fellows Lodge arc in the vil-
■'1 on in hogs, gi'ain, flaxseed, wag-
1 saloon has existed in the place for

..■south
..pilJe,!

Some of its principal men have been sis follows:
Piiysicians- Messrs. Ruby. Mitchell, Fi-ancisco, Pu
a.sreiiie. Ih iiov, .lanes, Hiudmtm, George Htunphreys, Samuel

pi les.. Moi-an, Berry, Baldwin.

Mei.'h'.ini. .Mes-r.s. lOmbersou, Dukes, McFarland, Pomroy,
leniii,-. ll..ii;,'h. \Iauzy, K. Ti. Anderson, J. Shaw, F. G.Morgan,
lister, Shi-eeve-, Cailwal lader, Campbell, A. Barnes, John
iini — , r,..uin Ur.is., Hiinqihrey, Hill, George Morgan, Wiggs,
honias. Ihniy Hill Tavlor. Hunt, Curtiss, Forkner, etx!.

GREENSFORK TOWiNSHIP.

Altogollior, Spnrtausbiirn; is a line lilU.^ town. A\'lieu first
laid out, tho iifime of tlie place was Xewbui'i;', '"it for some rea-
son it was chauseil to SpnrtanslniVi;. It is one of the few inte-
rior villages in Kaudolph wliieh are Laving a vigorous ami solid
gro\vth. A liU'go mimlier of houses have l)een erected dui-iijg
five or six years past. Its prosperity is now tliroatoned by the
fact that the new railroad oast and west misses Spartansbnrg
al)out one and a half miles. The people, however, do not seem
alarmed at the prosjiect.

There are two hotels, two churches, a graded school, two saw
mills, a coru-cracker, a plaiiing-mill. a tile factory, two smith
shops, two wagon shops, two shoe shops, etc.. and a brisk' busi-
ness is maintained.

Distances: Union Citv. eleven mil.'S; llldgeville. (weiiU-
(.ne miles: Lvnn, six mile.-; Hunfsville. Iweivp an.l a Iw.ir luil.'s:
Harrisville, ten miles; Farmland, twenlvon.' miles: r.aitonia.
four miles; Bloomingsport, ten miles: \\ m.hester, twrhe miles;
Rural, nine miles.

Such biogi-aphios as belong to Gri'ciisfork and are not ar-
ranged under other In-.- '- :" ivcn t-pLnv in aliiiiabetical oi-dev:

Nathan Arnold w ' v M, Ci.roliua in ITs:!; married

Elizabeth Horn, dan li;. ■ ■ - .lii Hojai. in Xorth Carolina

in 1S(U. and died ii, i:,- -,■ ■ . i . i;i '^-i',.

Elizabeth Arnold, widou ..£ .Naiiian .Vrnold. was burninNorth
Carolina in ITS;".: came to Wavne Conntv, Ind.. in 1827. and
aftt^rward to Randolph. She had had eleven children. Seven
came with their mother. She settled \\here J(juath;in Rogers
now lives, and died Octol^er '.iS. isr,|. p^v,,,! sixty-six years.
Mrs. Arnold belonged to the Eriemls.

Stephen Barnes, Groensfork, was biir;i in Johnson County. N.
C, in 171(3, and his wife. Cidna. in 17y(). Tleyliad seven "chil-
th-en, all bom in Carolina, their names being .Rebecca. Abing-
ton. Maria, Samuel Allison, Sarah, Heiuy, Adolphus, All ari'
dead but the last.

The family left North Carolina in IS'iS, and came to A\'aynQ
County, Ind., two and a half miles soutli of Eloomingport, and,
in 1830, into Randolph County. In 18:;:;, they settled at Spar-
tausbm-g. Here Mrs. Barnes died in 185 1. and her husband in
1864.

Spartansbnrg had in 1835 a few log cabins, one store, a smith
shop, etc.

Mrs. Barnes was of (Jnaker descent, but was lierself a Bap-
tist. They were npri: ''t, ■ ■ -■:1 - ■ ■ ' •. '■-•:-:•- th-ir children
to principles and lial'^ •' ' • ' 'r ' '"<'lion.

Samuel A.. Olio, ,1 ; : : : , I ■ uldi-nlv in

1875. Samnel-s faa ;, ! ;. ,,,:,>. pi in shiest daugh-

ter, who has latelv la: i - .ii.raliam (. henoweth, and

has removed to a far- ;; Ma.

Tho only .survivi;, i,, ,> ' r, family, the youngest son,

Adolphus, has been 1- . : -. : ,-, --ideiii of irui<,u Cit}^ and

his biography is gi'.-' i • ; , ; .i; am'h ih:,: plaro.

Ephraira'Bowen. -- .. , ... :•. .u.il ,. I'diu., Oc-

tober 22. 176',J; em-.. ■ ; > . ;- v. : niMTl..d Han-

nah Hall in that Sir.:-: ■.I!,:' '. i^. . II i .. ;;;\ . (Hill). ilil7'.l5.
seven years before Oiiio lieeam.! ;• incnii • r "I' i':i'- I ni.'ii, and ;ii'
rived at Randolph Countv. lud.. Oc'e.l-iv ■_:'. 1-1!. tlie (i,i\ he
was foi-ty-flve yeai-s old. He was the iPi;i!li MlCn- n, (he «iMs
of Randolph. He brought six chikiien willi I'im, and U\o were
bom aftenvard. making eight in all. The ciiikh-en were Xanev,
James C, Jane, S.p.iire: Itebecca : Hannah, born before coming to
Randolph; and Racl;e! and Ephraiiii L , born in this county.

Wo give a brief statement concerning each in order, as
below:

Nancy, born in 1799, married Robert Thomson; had six chil-
dren; family all dead.

James C, bom in 1801, fourteen children, eight living (see
below).

Jane, 1803, married Joshua Small, several children,both d.-ad.

Squire, 1805, thirteen chikluGU, eleven living, resides at
Spartausburg.

Rebecca,1807, fom-teen children, married David Semans, dead.

Hannah, married James Harrison, live children.

Rachel, married William Davis, several children; resides at
Si Cloud County, Kan.

E)ihraim L.,'twice married Rulh Dwiggins, Anna Jane Cor-
betl: eight children: tliev live in CTreeiisfork. and have m<»e
than three hun.lred aci-es of land. He is a good farniei. a worthv
citizen and an excellent man.

Epliraim Bow en entered tlie northeast quai'ter of Section 2S,
Towushi}) lt>. Range 1. He was perhaps tlie first Justice in
Greensfork. He died in 1858, at eightv-uine, and his wife in
184y.

James C. Boweu, Groensfork, son of Ephraim Bowen, was
bom in Greene County, Ohio, in 1801, and came to Randol|.h
County, Ind., in 181 -l-, being thirteen years old. He gi-ew up in
the woods, and married Elizabeth Jeffrey in 1.820. They have
liail i'liurteen children. Nine gi'ow up, and nine are living still,

Jlarx- Ann (Harris). "Wavne County. Ind., two childi-en.

Benjamin P., lives near Gilead, has six children.

Ephraim J., had one child, and is dead.

James R., lives in W .ayiie (,'ounty, Ind.; has two children.

Sarah E. (Harris), lives in Washington Tovniship; has five
children.

Ijewis C, lives east of his fathers; has five children.

Celestina (Flatters), near lier father's; has five children.

Joseph W., lives at home, unmarried.

Isaac W.. lives at home, three children.

James C. Bowcn's wife died in 1870, sixty- eight years old.
Ho is himself about eighiv-one years old, and in snmewhat fee-
ble health. He was Jnsli(e<.r the I'eaei' nine years. He is a
Methodist iu ri^Iii-ion, and ,i Hemeerat in p..liiie,. He lives
within half a mile ef tl.e ^ll.,l v.heio Lis falher settled in the for-
e.st more th;in si.Vv eiel.l vear.s a.-o. He owii^ a large farm, and
lias deeded r, ,nsid"eral,le Land 1n ins eliildren.

Miujyeiiri.iii- iliinuv. a,e Inid by .\lv. I'„.wen. Mr. Parker ;xnd
other jvioiieer:,. nKiny i.i wliieh lia\e lieeii already given, and
many more nii-iir l^e relai.'d. In the [lole cabin meeting-hou^e
al .Vrba there was ,io plaee m/ule for lire. They would burn
v,,.,.d into coals in a lieap outside the cabin, and then carrv a
mass (.1 eoals into the house ii|„.ii a kind of hand-barrow, partly
covered with dirt. Thomas i'arker used to care for the house
and liuru the woo 1 into coals, and when Friends had come to
meeting, they, would help ciirry the " lire-place " inside tho house,
laden with a mass of living fire.

In early times, there was a distillery above Arba, soiith of
William Horn's. It was owned by Elihu Cammack's uncle,
.4mos (Cammack?). Considerable whisky was drank at gather-
ings, and as a natural result, many got " groggy" by its use.

In the pigeon nnists, one locality of which was near Spartans-
bnrg, tlie trees were leailed with nests, built of sticks, somewhat
like baskets swun" to a limb, tho inside being beautifully lined
with .soft :ind lender ninss.

I'igeons \\(.uld live (in mast, and hogs also would keep fat
nearly the \ear r<aind, iluiing the fall and winter upon tho mast,
and in the snnimei- upon wild pea vines, which grew two or throe
feet hi-1'. and as thiek as thick clover. Hogs would run iu the
v.<,o.ls and gi-.iw wild. The old ones would be marked, and then
the whole ilK.vt. rnniiingwith these old ones would bo claimed
le, '.he saiae owner. I3ut where none in a herd wore marked the
herd belonged to lM,bod^. and any per.son might kill such. They
would fatten themselves \vho)l\- without com, and entirely upon
oak, hi.'koiv and li.^ech mast. '

Thoina-'Cadwaila.ler was born iu 1705, and came to Greens-
fork Township. Ranlolph Co.. Ind., about 1830, in company

nth h

.• Abi!

iods.

Aim

died n

ijuiet, humble, thank-
ful life, for liltytwo vears. upon his little farm where first Ik-
liitch(>d iiis tent under the " shadow of the beeches." Ho was
all his life a na^mbe!- of the Society of Friends belonging at Ar-
ba. Hede|iailed this life at his residence, near Ai'ba, Sunday,
April 2:!. LSS2. in his eighty-seventh year. The funeral services
were hel.l r1, the Arba ll'iends' Meeting-House, on Tuesday fol-
lowing his death, being attended by a large concourse of neigh-
bors, relatives and friends. They were in the simple and im-

364

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

pivssivo sUipcDmmon iimoui,' llio Qn!il:iTs. His ^igv,! fniupjiiiion
Ktill ^arviv'..s biin, boing hor.^-U ci-ht.v live yoars ..Ul. They lia.l
been man'ioJnt-ni'Jv or quite sixty-live yi-nrs. He \v;is bum <[ui-
iuK tlio second feniiof Washic;^4nu"s ailiiiiiiistviiti.ui. .-in.l was ..1,1
enough to vot.. for James Moiiroeat liis first eleef ion. His birtli
occurred (lie same \ear with A\'avue"s livat\- with (lie Indians at
Fort Greenville. Oi.io, \1'X>, so that his lite measures the whole
interval since the vowerof Ihesavacre trib.sover (he .jivat West-
ern vallcv was broken bv the mastei- h.'in.l of Gen. Anthony
Wavue. 'The chan-e that has come ov.t tlie w,,vld sine,- Irioud
Th.mias 1,-iv a babe in his cradle -how wondnms -ir.-,i:

Mr. Cadwaliader lived all that lon^' carlhlv lit,, in ihe i',.nr
and love of (fod, and his happy spirit rcsN. doubtless, in the

the

ttles of (i;

ii; such for six or seven months. He was in
inesville. second 13ull Kun, South Mountain,

His lirother Abner, father of Hon. Xathan Cadi
m stated above, with his brother 'IMk.i.kis. but did
survive, dyin^ in middle lif-. S.nn,. a,',-,,ui,t of 1
1)0 found alony; with tiie bi./g]'a[>h_\ i
already mentioned.

John Cnmmack, Arl-a, was born in S..ii'li Car
Randolph Uoiintv, Ind., in (lie fall ,,f I Sir,. ,„k
of Arba. He die.l in 18:!::. haxin- !,ad In^vJv,.
■were bovs and livu were ;^-irls. All iln- daii^-lid
are dead.

James, born in LSI:'., married tlirier. has m
sides in Hamilton Count v, Ind.

Heur.-. born in 18J-1," miller, n..-r,-haiil and ,■:

:llnd<-r

.; fan

X. Cadwaliader.

,drsomewhat bind' and hai'sh in
i-tic in whatever he undertnlces, boin<; an
ardeni Ib'i.ublican. earnest, outspoken and prominent. His age
is about sixtv-^four vears. Ho is heartv and robust and wide
awake in publir and |.riva{e atVairs.

William T. Chriioweth. born in .Uarvland in 1802, came to
Ohio in is:^. and b.Gn-..,isfork. Randolph Co., Ind., in ISW;
raaiTied Kelniah 1!. Aluirav in ISJ,".: had twelve children— ten
boys and two ^irl-; ei;,'lit Im.ns and two twirls -;Tew np and were
married, and s .xm .suns .-uid .me daii-hter are living now.

W. T. Chriiuwelh oune.l, at his dealh. HiS acres, and his
family now own 1 .TiiJ aere.s. He had in Maryland 12(1 acros^.
■;e solil for SI. .".(10, iind he boui^ht in Indiana at tirst l.'iT
The land now owned by his descendants is worth jiroba-

whieh 1
blv s^

o lo^
n threi

. two]

i, bo

V llvs at Diimv
181:.. (wie.. n.:i
lS:'.r,. befoiv tin

moved to Iowa ii

in the State, and

is a farmer and stock dealer, and d....^
I-:iihn (see Wayne T..'.\nshiio. - -
Martin, born in l.MS. marrie,! (wic

Iowa; has had nine childr. n: was a li
Kae.hel, born in ^s■20. .iled .v.mn-
Ind.. manv years a-n.

Marv Anil, born v, r- i. .i;..! :: .:
Elijah, born in r,: ■:. ■ ■. :,

Hamilton Couiitv. in.l.. : m :

William, boiii in iM.:. '• . : i . - .

ami Co., Ind.

Mary, born in IS-s.orowi. ,|>. nmiK
Sarah, born .hat fhree or f..

William MiieluU Can,|.b..ll. st.x
born ill Hamilton Countv. Ohio, in
Rndnin ISIO; renM.ved ('o .Middii'b.n'
ilton Cnnntv. Chi... in tSt^: ivlni'iu
18411; eliM..;,..] 1,1, r,..;d.'ueoto Kami.
a half mil.'s i„.rlli ol lA'nn. in IS:,(l
ISoi;; t..C,ve.,-r.,rk T.,^^i,shIp in ISd
ISftt. lb. has had .MX c-hiMivn. ;.s 1,,1

.Mary .lane (Cristi. on,, child, vesi.

f.sther .\nu (Sh..,nn.ikei-, i;i,l,i, fi
of Spartaiisbiir;'.

William. Ihr... ,:.:■ I . . -,.,,-1 ,,i S

steady, Ihonghtfnl man, (juiet, reliable, discreet,

er]irisiii(r and successful. In politics, ho was a

■ half mih' we.'.t Whij,' and u Kepublican. He was not a chnreh member, but in-

ehildren; sev..n ; elined (o the P.aptisls. Mr. Clieiioweth died in 187('., seventy.

r- and one son four vear.s oM. His wido'.v resides on the old homestead, hale

and hVarfv, Iravc^lin-j,- p.-uikI as she pleases.
I.' ehihli-en; IT- ' .lames' \\'. Clark, S|,,-,rfai,sbnr-, was born at Fort Wavne. Ind..
in IS-.'S. and was broii-h; lo Waliash ruv<T in bSHO. His father
i|...nl.T: m..ve.l ' dhVI in 1S:!.\ an.l his h:.4her relumed, in bSliO. to the hi.me of
loMn n in Iowa ; her father. He/.ekiali Cailurii;-ht. at Spartarsbiirj,'. Ho live.l on
. ind. : (he Frank :\b.r-aii |.la<-e. 'Mrs. Clark went uj-on (he H.,UKh

1 i. 11 children; ! place. J. U. Clark was then ei^dit vears ohl. and Spartausburj;
has been his !,.. me rv,.,- sin.-e -fort'v-seven vears. The village
e a State. He was then very small. ^\ L.m .; the Di.-ciple Church stands was at
that time a buil..nw.HHl i...n.l. the sixe ..f a t,,wn lot.

He was mariied. in l.S.M, |,,.M;.iv i:. .M.muv. daughter of Ely-
v Ciamtv. mas Moor

had onlv one child, James Wesley,

Hr has a.lso been
vlvj^ .,f I SMI. was el.
n..w, sine,. F, C. Mi

".Air. Ch

'onstable for tw<>lvo years, and, in the
t,Ml once more, and agaiu'in 1882. Ho
;;an's death, the oldest liviug resident of

I i.. .Ml. 1,11.. I),.
Iph Countv. h
m,.ve.l to W

e,l in Iowa : He is

.Mary .\nn : (h,. m
: to Ham- Ward'
•... [nd.. in ' Wvlh,

sto.-id.v, (piiet. industrious, estimablo citizen.
epubiican, and an Episcopal Methodist,
n Cl.ark eani.i fr,,m I'asipiotank County, N. C, t<i
Frank'lin Ci.iin(\. Ind., in ]^ih. nine weeks and three days on
th,. loa.l. i-,.inin.'; I u.i humbe.l miles to the mountains. Route,
u- Cainp Furnace. New River, Abingdon.
,.. Ci;ib Orchanl. Nicholasville, Lexingt.,.n.
Is,n,\ T.-iv. rn. (irn. (1, lines' plaiit.ation. twenty miles fr„m the
i... ri-...Mn:; at \,.vlh i;,'ii,l. ni-ar Cen. HaiTisous home. Two
nilh'S <;;m.'. h.'snles lu.i \oung men and auold soldier -(if b.eu
all. The m..n «;,lle.,l all Ih,' wax, except fliree miles. They
;1 two o[L,.-l„Ts.. .M.ts. Mr. Clark had nine children, four

of Arl

lb

n.i..lpl

. 18Ji),

cirth

Am

Cind,.rella ..I; , ' In.' .v ^s,n.n,ih i II-. M

W. M. Cami.l.,.ll 1- a ^imu'V. s;,„k-,l,.,aler

active and luiterprisiui;. and earivin:; uii a lar

business, w<,rking his own Ian. I 'an.l lvntiu.r^

be.si.les. He wasSlu'nir,,f i;and,.l|.h County

getic officer.

Mr. Cam|.bell vo]unt,..'ri'd. .Iul> l-l. ISCI.
Indiana Infantry, Comi,:,uv C. bein^r r-.mn.i-^-.
tenant, and receiving afbTward pr,,ni..li.,ii :u
pany I. After a servir',. ...s C'aptain iluring tw.
.signed the position, but lie became, ;ift.,T a t

,1ain.

f Com

Clai

<, whic

Sutle

■ of the

mar

led J'ie

-al.'. .l,-un,.s Clark, his ohh'st son, bora
n.l .stn.ii- s.nvaty-eight years old. loving
1 time. -Jani..s' lincle had been u]i to the
id the children wished greatly to see the
' ^\ hen they reached the stream, father
litiMvatiM-," when lo! it waa just like any

he picture painf,.d bv their youthful fancy
he sleru hand of sober fact! Thus has
inihe air" been unceremoniouslv tumbled
-. of (he unlnckv owner, and he has been
s.,late. to mourn his schemes all gone
a fuller statement concerning Mr Reuben

of r.

ret.

GREENSFOKK TOAVNSlilP.

1821; had nino chilLli-ou, sis livin<,' and marriud; died in 1879, I
aged seventy-nine years ton mouths and twenty davs. He was i
a Friend, a Whig and a Kepublican; he left South'Carolina on
account of slavery, having had an estate of slaves loft him by his
uncle, Frederic Bunn; but he would have nothing to do with the
estate, and never even went to see about it.

Orpha Griffin (widow of William Griffin) came to Randolph
County, Ind., in 183(); married Job Elliot in 1830; had four
children, and died in St. Joseph County, Mich., about ISIiO.

Aaron Hill (son of William Hill) was born in 1810; came to
Randolph County in 1823; married Piety Arnold in IS32; his
first wife died in 1853, his second wife was Rachel Horner (in
1859), and she died in 1880. Mr. Hill moved to Wayne County,
a short distance south of Arba, and now resides there. He lias
had eight children, seven living; the eighth lived to be twenty-one.
A. H. is a tine, genteel old Quaker gentleman, active in his
methods, enjoying excellent health, jovial in his manners, but es-
teemed and confided in by his fi-iends and by the public. Aaron
Hill says the sheep-killing story is all moonshine, as also are several
others told concerning him. or nearly so, but that he did one
thing not set down to him, viz., he had a saw-mill, run by water-
power, and he bored a hole and fixed a box so that when the box
would get full the wheel would go a little, and that would start a
hominy pounder, and thus the pounder would go. by starts, all
night. Wlien his father came to Richmond, in 181(5, there was
only one frame house in the place. lu a year or two, a two-story
frame was erected near Ham's Coriier. The site of the town was
largely covered with a gi'ove of buckeyes, which were splendid
for building cabins. Mr. Awon Hill says: "Thefii-st school I
ever attended was in a hewed-log cabin, at Richmond. On the
north, and also on the east side, a log was left out and the open-
ing was closed with greased paper. My father lived one year on
the county line east of the toll-gate, which stands south of Arba,
and after that west of Arba. Of oui- family of nine children,
two only were born in Randolph. I was thirteen years old
when my father became a pioneer in this county." He states
further: "Deer used to go in droves, ten or fifteen, or even more
in a drove. They were more abundant than sheep. They had
paths leading to ponds for water, and in these haunts the poor
creatures were often shot by the remorseless hunter. Possums,
porcupines, ground hogs, turkeys, pheasants and what not weio
all over the woods. Pheasants would make the forests fairly
shake with the strange noises made by their " drumming " on
the logs. My father had one ox and one horse, and wor Iced them
together as a team. They were very stout, pulling through the
swamp and sometimes breaking a stay chain. The ox alone
would pull equal to two horses, plowing roots 'like the na-
tion. ' He would plow corn and eat both rows as he went, unless
he was muzzled."

Jeremiah Horn, farmer, was born in 1803, and came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1820, marrying Maaana Griffin in 1830.
They had seven children, six of whom are still living and are
married. He was a farmer, a " Body " Friend, and a Reijubl ican.
His death occurred in 18G'J. at the age of sixty six years.

William Hill was born in North Carolina in 1785: married
Mary Hockett in 1807. (She was born in 1781. and came to
Ohio in 1807.) Thev came to Wayne County, Ind., (near Rich-
mond), in 1810; moved to Highland County, Ohio, in 1811
(probably on account of the Indians) ; returned to AVayne County,
Ind., in 1810; came to Randolph County in 1823; bought sixty
acres of laud at second hand; had nine children, all living to
become gro^vn and to be mai'riod, and five still survive.

The children were Rnth, Aaron, Hiram, Martha, Sarah. Re-
becca, Miriam and Henry W.. all born between 1808 and 1828.

William Hill died in 1810, aged fifty-five years; his wife
died in 1805, aged eighty-one years.

W. H. was a sterling pioneer, active
the right, and he Irained up his large fi
they ought to go, and his descendan
estimable, worthy group of men and
quaint things are told of William Hill

He V

I far

blacksi

istoroi

isou.

which are probably not true, i
will hardly pay to wa'ite down.

ive, di

creet, zt

alous for

cimilyi

1 the wa

- in which

its are

to-day

in active.

women

. Many

odd and

and o

his bo\

s, most of

h. won

they ev

>n true, it

and what else we do nut know. In religion, he \

and in politics a Whig; and altogether an intoUigonl, reliable

and worthy citizen.

He was very handy with tools, and ingenious in all sorts of
contrivances for necessity or ase.

William Hunt, Arba (son of Barnabas Hunt), was born in
1822, in Wayne County, Ind.; married Eda Fulglmm, daughter
of Frederick Fulghum, in 1813; came to Randolph County in
1814, and has (ught children, four living; is a farmer and a
Friend; was a Whig, and is a Reimblican; was an Anti-slavery
man, but remained with the "liodv.''

William M. Locke, Hpartausbiirg. was born in 1805, in North
Carolina: iuani,..l \V,.;ill!iv Middlrton in 1827, and afterward
Sarah Midlloton, si.tn,- ot I'huiiius and Samuel Middleton; two
chikh-en; It.ui.lnlph C.iDity, Jiul, 1828, living first on Daniel
Comer's place; wimi! back lo Ni)rlh Carolina until 1831; then to
Spartansburg 1831 to 1830; west of Granger Hall nine years:
Bartouia, twenty-five years; SpiU'tansburg, tliree years. He has
been a carpenter, wagon-maker and farmer. W M. L. has been
married fifty-three years. They are a cheerful old couple,
happy and esteemed, and active in good works. He has been an
Efiiscopal Methodist for more than forty-seven years (since
1834); has been church Trustee over since 1837, and loves the
sanctuary and the class- meeting as well as ever.

W. ar. L. removed to Union City, Ohio, in the fall of 1880,
and resided for a time in that place. He united with the
Methodist Episcopal Church of Union City, Ind., being also ap-
pointed Class Leader in that society, a position for which his
ripe age and his high and deep religious exi)erience were pecu-
liar qualifications. He. however soon changed his residence, re-
moving to good old Randolph again in 1881, and ho is now a
citizen uf the same county in wbioh he had been domiciled so
maay, many years. He moved at lirst from Union City, Ohio,
to Arba, Ind.; liut shortly afterward he returned to Spartans-
burg, which is at this time (March, ]8'?2), again his home.

John ?.Iann. S[iartansburg, was l)oru in Pennsylvania iu
1805; came to Ohio when a boy, and to H;mdol))h County. Ind.,
in 1820. He ei.lenMl 120 acres of land lying southwest of
Spartansburg, near (Jilead Mceting-Honse. walking to Cincinnati
for the purpose. He was married iu 1830, by James C. Bowen.
Justice of the Peace, and has had ten children. One son, Isaac, was
drowned in the service during the war of the rebellion.

His busini^ss has been farming, living upon the land he
entered for nearly sixty years.

He moved to Spartansburg iu about 1880, and now resides at
that place.

Samuel H. Middleton was the son of Benedict Middleton,
who was born in Virginia about 1707; was a farmer; moved
afterward to North Carolina; had a family of eight or ton chil-
di-en, and died in 1810 in Carolina, aged seventy-throe years.

Seven of his children came to Indiana in early times; five of
to Randolph County, viz., Samuel H. Middleton, Thomas

Middleton. Ha

Tharpe). Ailsey (wife uf
a Baptist, anddiedinCarulina
Samuel 11. Midaie),,ii wa-
went with his father to Xurl
Richmond, lu.l., Cluistmns 1);
dren, two having died iu -Carol
and were five weeks on the road,
with him part of thi

of AVillia
Mo

I Locke), Anna (wife of John
The wife of B. :SI. was
'ventv-threo years of ago.
1704, in Virginia. He

I 1798, I

D to

■, l.S2(i. They brought six cliil-
iiiu comingin a two-horse wagon.
His brother, Thomas Middleton,
id fini.shod the joii

pteamer down the Ohio to Cincinnati. Their child Ursula" was
five weeks old when they started. Lnzena, one of the girls, says
she " scotched" the wheels nearly all the way over the mountains,
!is they came on their wearisome journey. He lived two years on
a farm belonging to Clarkson Willcutts, west of Arba, and, in
1828, he moved to his residence, oast of Spartansburg, where he
remained till his death, in 1850, sixty-two years old. He had
ten children, eight born in Carolina, and two in Randolph
County, Ind. Three were boys and seven were girls; seven
grew up; five have been married, and four are living still. The
children were these: Luzona (widow of Geoi-go Locke), one

3G6

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

child, living near Spartansburf;;; Haunab, diod at eight years;
Nancy Ford, died in 185(5, had seven children; Elihil, drowned
in "Seven Mile Creek," Preble County, Ohio, in 1847, aged
twenty-six yeai-s; Sarah Jane, diod at eighteen years; Benedict,
died at two years; Jeremiah, living east of Spartansbui'g, three
children; Ursula, died at eight years old; Kuth (Tbonins), has
six children and is living: Christiana Middlntou, wife of James
lluby, north of Sparfcansburg, has two childnm S. K. M. mar-
ried Christiana Thar] )e. danghtorof Jeremiah Tharpe, in 1SI4;
she died in 1855, sixty-tivo years old, having been born in 171)0,
ajid he died in ISofi; they wore buried side by side in the ,,\jba
Graveyard. He was. in youth and early manhood, an active
member of the Methodist Church, but ho joined the Friends and
kept with them till his death. His wife was also a Friend, and
they were worthy, exemplary Christians. Ho wsis in early times
a Whig, and afterward an Abolitionist. Mr. M. had a wonder-
ful memory; he used to say, laughingly, that he never forgot
anything but once. When he was a boy, he found a hen's nest,
and he forgot where ho found it. Hn could recite in his old age
whole poems of gi'oat length that ho had learned in liis youth
and retained entire for forty years. He was a worthy citizen,
kind-hearted and hospitable and greatly esteemed. His father
came with Samuel and Thomas on their way from Carolina to
the unknown West a day's journey, to bid them farewell. Ho
had buried a daughter only the day before; his beloved wife had
beeu taken away many years previous, and his heart, crushed
with gi'ief and a sense of loss, could scarcely boar to give tliem
up. The Middletons were of English descent. The Tliarpos
were of Scotch descent. The father of Jeremiah Tharpe's wife
-was a Quaker and a slave-holder. N^oar the time of the Kovoln-
tion, that society became convinced that slave-holding was a sin,
and they passed a resolution that their members should free their
slaves or be disowned. Francis Chu-k, f;dher of Mrs. Tharpo
above, freed all his slaves, twenty-one in num!)or.

Jeremiah Tharpe, father of Mrs. Samuel H. Middleton, died
in Carolina in 1808, having had eight children, as foll<iws: Eli,
Jonathan. John, Jeremiah, Nancy ( Konnedv), Ursnla (Wheolcri.
Christiana (Middleton), Mildred (Thornburg). The children all
became gi'own, and all were married. They all came to Indiana
during the time from about 1812 to 18IJ0, several of them set-
tling in Randolph County. Jonath;in died in Illinois, and Eli
was living, at last accounts, in Iowa, very old. Anna (Tharpe)
Konnedv diod in \\'hitorivor Township, in the winter of 1880-
81. agoti more than eighty years. Mrs. Christiana (Middleton)
Ruboy, wife of James Ruiiey. showed a package of letters writ-
ten between 1781 and 1815, mostly by Robert Ward to Joshua
Harlan, grandfather of her liusband, written from Cajolina to
Indiana. They are upon rough, tmruled paper, in a coarse, plain,
though unfashionod baud: and show the gi-eat atroction which
friends felt for each other in those ancnent (lays. Some of tluMU
give an account ot a severe earthquake in North Carolina in De-
cember, 1811, near Bald Mountain, which caused great affright
throughout that whole region. The letters were sent chielly liy
private hands, only one showing a post mark, dated at La\irens,
S. C, October. 1814, with the po.stage 37^- cents! Tliey Jire all
directed to Indiana Territory, and several of tliem to the
" Countv of Dearborn."

Thomas Middleton was born in Guilford Cmntv, N. C. in
1799; ho married Margaret Webb in 1825: lio nam., to Whito.
water In.l., in 1820, an.l in Randolph Vnnn^v in |s:tn. TUo
company from Carolina cniisisted »i four fiimili..^, ,in.l i\i>'\ wTr
forty-two davs on tlieir j.)nvii..v. The famili.-, wn. Ili...c ..I M,,,-
decai Hiatt,"Eli Korsev. Thomas J[iddloton and Smnnol 11. .Mid-
dleton. Thomas Middleton had no wagon, and his broUier S.'inm..l
brought Thomas and his^vif(> to Ivmuiwha Salt Wmk-^. AVrst Vir-
ginia. Thomas's wife and himself then t^^ik .steinner down ih.-
Ohio to Cincinnati, and he hiro.l a man to fet,ai tii(M„ (o Ui,.h-
mnnd His first wife died in lS;i(1. having ha.l ^iK chlldiTn,
Mr Middleton's second wife was Sarah B:)rders, and she died in
IS62, without olfspriug. Tlio names of Mr. Middleton's .■hildreii
were Minerva, Calvin"Peei)Ies, Caroline, Sidney S,. Sally, .lolui
l''letcher. .Johu Fletcher was a soldier in the Union army dur-
ing the war of 1861, and ho belongwl to the Sixty-ninth Indiana.

In 1880, J. F. M. was elected Trustee of Greensfork Township;
as also again in 1882. Mr. M. is very old, eighty-three years,
and is fecljle, having been more or loss an invalid all his life.
His character is that of an upright and worthy man, having been
a siuoer(^ and discreet Christian throughout a long life of bard-
sbi]! and afllietiou.

Fran('is (>. Morgan. Sptu-tansbm-g; born 1828. Newport, Ind.;
Spartansburg, ISliU; Wayne County^ 1885; Spartansburg, 188S;
Newport, Ind.. 18:!'.)^1.S-t:5: lived about almost anywhere, d 81!!-
1851; Newport, 1851-lSiil; Spartanslmrg, 1801. Twice m;a--
riod, 1848 and 1852; four chibheii, three living. From twelve
to twenty-four years old, he followed teaming from Newport,
Richmond, Brookville. etc., to Cincinnati and elsewhere. He
was a hired teamstcn-. dviviag from two t<i six horses. Hebauled
logs near Richmond for two or (hvee years; barnesa shop, 1852-
55: clerk, Newport. 1N-"i.">-!)1 ; stoi'e .-it SpartaiLsburg, clerk or
partner, 181)1-70: bought his fm-ni, Siiart.auslmrg, IStjl, and since
that, titty acres, costing 81,500. Ho was Township Tmsteotwo
veins, and County Commis-siouer throe vears. He died in the
winter of 1880.

\\'liile Mi: Jlorgnn was County Commissioner, the Board
contracU'd for and partly built a court hon<e.

The contract was for ."^TjI.Oi HI. and 1li.. job was done without
idtor.-ition of anv kind. Many \yere vjrentlv opjwsed at the time,
and Mr. Morgan is thought to' have been defeatcul for a second
nominal i(m cm that ground. The house was greatly needed, is
very neat and tasteful in de.-,ign, and was raarvelouslv cheap in
construction. It is one of the linc.t edilices in the co'tmtry, and

i-rfer

every public an.l
F. G. M.,i-ai
painful dis.a-e
life, was ;i sou,-.-
friends. His wi.
elderly but ex-.-ll
It"bas 1 11 sf

id I

iod indi

tl^..

jnages

and tlieC.ii

liV

'ns."a,'

1 (

',',

ie an.l
i.l fad

iful

11

)f ISSI

<,f

;,

linger!

ng a,

•.'>w

igasit
to his

alll

ct

mature
ul f.-iui

midd
ly a

ni-

e.i :sii-.

Wil

i:

m A. M

acy.

ls

<■ WllV

le '1

nslnp.

building

which 1

PrytbiT

g. Tlie

or

slate.

and it m;

W(

od be

aeatb thf

th

s may

always

hnn.hv.ls ,,C t..ns of w.iod in its struct-

iilin-l.nilding. Tliis isawouder-

1 h.ii-.lly imderstaud bow or why anv
n!d Mi::ke so great a mistake. To guar.'l
ty of til., ilestruction of the public re-
'I uoii of a co.stly court house; and ;i
ing tire-jiroof may neiirly as well lack
of the building, indeed, is brick, iron
cannot communicate to tin.

le.l t

<i(.orgo Mor.^ran is a brol

h..r..r Dr. R. H. M..i-g.in and son of

Mic.-ijah :\r.n.-an. H.- was

lioi-n in Wavn,. (' mntv. Ind. Ho

j..in..,l tlie One IT.inlr..d :

nl Twenlv-foni-lh Indiana; ^yas in

S.-oiieM's ('.)r|.-,: A\-is at th..

:ni-i-en.l..vi.e^ol'.]olnist,.n-sai-nu. in

Norlh Carolina, ami was .lis

'liai--,.d in that n..i.'lil...vlioo,rs.)on

afl.'i-, \tl..r(hi. war, ii.' ..ii

•ae...l in raiii-o-i.lin;;-. s^lM.ndingtwely..

\ .a: - oil 111- fiMiili.r. lie

.e.::in with the Atchison. 'I'opeka iV

1 .1 'ii miles of track had beeu laid.

and hi'ljii'd ni:il,e (li,. ^^\u<h•

i.i a 1 1 ; 1 far as made three or fotir

\i-.^r- a^-o|. 11- wa- Hire..

ea, on the Texas Pacific. For a

.-iioit lime he has li..|.n ein^i

.:-...l in selling goods under the firm

insl,,,,-. In.l. He married Louisa

Hich. an.l has on.. ..h-M. '

li'. linn .d' Hill .t Morgan has been

.liss.)ly...l. .'in.l Ml-. M..i'-an

has sin...^ that time been variously

employed. Som.. yoars ag.

. h.. builf.forhims.df a dwelling in

Spstrtansburg, an.l his resid

■nee is still in that town.

Isaac Mann came fmiii 1

'.umsylvania, and settled very early

GREENSFORK TOWNSHIP.

(perhaps in 1816) on tho Harrison Anderson farm below Spar-
tansburg. He had seven children, and died in 1847 an old man
(probably seventy years old or more.)

Malachi Nichols, Washington Township; bfjrn North Caro-
lina, 1804; came to Eandolpb County in 1810 (near Arba):
married Sarah Mann, 1825; had ten children, fom- living; died
of cholera, 1840.

William D. Nichols, of Lynn, and Isaac Nichols, of Greens-
fork Township, are sons of Malachi Nichols.

Ephraim Overman was the fifth settler in Greonsfork Town-
ship, and in Randolph County as well. He came in the fall of
1814 from Eandolph County, N. C. , and was tho next settler
after Ephraim Bowen. He came, probably in Noveml)or, 1814,
and he lived in a " camp " to some time in the fall of 181 T). Ho
had five children, all boys — Jesse, Eli, Ephraim, Silas and Reuben.

His brother, Nathan Over;nan, had t«n children, seven sons
and three daughters. Their names were Joseph, Reuben, Cor-
nelius, Abner, Isaac, Jason, Zebulon, Mabel, Mary, Rebecca.

Ephraim Ovennan was member of the Legislature for Wayne
County in 1810, and named the new county Randolph in honor
of his native county in North Cai'olina.

We possess no further particulars concerning him.

Jesse Parker, late of Bethel. Wayne County, is the son of
Thomas and Anna Parker, and was born in Rockingham County,
N. C, near South Carolina line, in 1807. He came with his
parents to Arba, Randolph Co., Ind., in April. 1S14, thatfaniily
being the first white settlers in Randolph County, though land
had been entered in tho county in 1812, some fifteen months
before his settlement.

He married Phebe Puckett, daughter of Benjamin Puckett, in
1820, and they have had seven childi-en, four of whom are living,
and six have been married. Jesse Parker's parents died some
years after their arrival in Indiana, his mother in 1823; she was
the second or third person buried in the Arba Graveyard. J. P.
is a shoemaker by trade and occui)ation, a hearty, jovial old man,
having a good memory of old times, and taking a keen delight in
recounting the tales of ancient days, when the woods were full
of deer and turkeys and wild Indians. One of his sistere was
burned to death when a child, and the other (Colia) mairied Mr.
Arnold, and is now a widow and resides at Arba, Ind. He has
in his possession a cane made from the " eves bearer" in the first
cabin ever erected in Randolph County. The wood is ash. and
is very sound and bright. Jesse Parker died November 3, 1881,
near Lynn, Randolph Co., Ind., in his seventy-fifth year; he re-
moved from Bethel, Wayne County, to AVinchester. Randolph
County, expecting to make that his home; soon afterward, he
changed his residence to the toll-gate north of Lynn, and only
three days after taking charge of the gate he died. The day be-
fore his death, he walked to Lynn, and, on the very day he died,
ho remarked that he felt as well as usual. His sickness began
with an aching sensation in the hand, which, in a few hours,
reached the heart. A physician was summoned, but in vain.
For the aged pioneer, the first lad in the county, it was tho
"last of earth." His wish had been that his lot might be to
meet his death upon the beloved .soil of Randolph, and his desire
was granted.

Jesse Parker was born in North Carolina in 1700; came to
Randolph County, Ind., early; had seven children — Thomas,
Joel, Piety, Eda and Jesse and two others. He died 9th, 24th,
1843, aged sevontysis years eleven months and two days.

Margaret Parker, Arba, is now residing in her own house in
the village of Arba, Randolph Co.. Ind., with her single daughter
Lizzie; her sou-in-law, Thomas Haisley, with his little son. lives
with her: also her oldest daughter, Martha R. Newsom, with one
little boy. Martha was maiTied to Joseph Newsom about four-
teen years ago; they spent eight years with tho Indians— three
years in Kansas and tho rest of the time in the Indian Territory,
Mr. N. died in 187S», and she retiu-ned to her mother. Margaret
Parker's two sons are both married. One resides near Rich-
mond, and the other on his father's old farm. Her husband,
Thomas Parker, came to Randolph County in 1821, and she in
1827, They were married the same year and began housekeep-
ing with a very limited supply of household goods, viz., one pot

and one skillet, six plates, six cups and saucers, six spoons and
six knives and forks. They made Coffee in a milk-pan. All
their little means were applied to buying some land. In a few
years they became good livers for those times.

Soon after their settlement in Randolph County, her husband
made great quantities of tree-sugar. Several barrels wore taken
to Cincinnati. Some was sold there at 3 cents per pound, and
the rest was brought back. A barrel of it was left standing in
the wagon shop for people to eat whenever they pleased. In
1844, about Christmas, she stuck a pin into her arm, and, strange
as it may seem, that little wound cost her months and months of
terrible suffering, and came very near talking her life. Erysipe-
las set in, and went into the arm. and it was thoaght that the
limb must be out off. It was pormitteil to remain, and finally
got measurably well, yet for many months she had no use of her
right hand. But she could use her left hand, and she
undertook with that to spin on a foot-wheel. The children
turned tho wheel, and she spun enough to make thirty yards
with her left hand and her mouth. The time was set one day,
and forty people came to witness tho sight of amputating her
arm, but her husband would not allow it to be done. The limb
was so terribly sore that women could not endure to dress it, and
three men came three times a day for six weeks to dress that
arm! The limb mortified on the lower side in as large a place
as one's hand, and the largo muscles and the artery lay bare to
tho sight! yet that arm has for many years been comparatively
healthy and sound, and she is alive to-day to look back with
thankfulness upon the fact that she was delivered from ber fear-
ful suffering, and restored once more to comfort and freedom
from pain and danger.

Thomas Parker was bom in North Carolina 8th, 7th, 1796;
he came to Randolph County, Ind., about 1824; married Eliza-
beth Arnold and Ijecame the father of eleven children, five of
whom are now living. Ho died in 1873, aged seventy-seven
yeai-8 one month and twenty-two days. His widow still lives at
Arba, being v;ell advanced in years, a quiet, venerable mati'on,
fearing God and beloved by her neighlwrs and friends.

Thomas W. Parker (first settler) was born in North Carolina
in 1770, and married Anna Peale in that country. They came
to Randolph County in 1814 with John W., Thomas and Clai-k
son Willcutts, who were half-brothers, bringing with them tlueo
children. Thomas W. Parker had eight children in all; three
were born in Carolina and five in Indiana. Ho first settled west
of Arba, then moved near the toll-gate north of Arba; then near
Spartansburg, and still again to Bartholomew County, whore he.
died more than thirty-five years ago. His wife, Anna Parker,
died in Randolj^h County in 1823, and was buried at Arba, being
the second or third person buried in that cemetery.

David Semans (late of Greensfork) was born at Wheeling,
W. Va., in 1802, and came to Highland County, Ohio, in 1813.
He wont for himself in 1819, maiTying in that year, at the ago
of seventeen. They came to Randolph County in 1825, settling
on Nolan's Fork, and removing to Spartansburg in 1835. In
1840, he returned to his farm southwest of Arba for awhile, and
not very long afterwju'd moved to Eel River, Miami County, Ind.
(1845); thence back to Randolph County, in 1855, and to Minne
sota in 1805, and to Iowa in 1870, making his home for several
years with some one of his numerous children in Indiana, Min-
nesota, Iowa and Nebraska. He has been thrice married. His
wivos were Rebecca Lewis, Rebecca Bowen and Ruth Ann Cook.
All three are dead, the last one dying in 1877. He has had
twenty-four children — eight by his first wife, fourteen by the
second and two by tho third. Ho had six sons in the army at
the same time, their united services amounting to twelve or four-
teen years. One was killed at the battle of Franklin after his
term of service had expired. Mr. S. has boon mostly a fai'mer,
has taught school many terms and has sold goods seven or eight
years. He has been an Abolitionist from his boyhood, and a
church member for sixty-two years— first, Methodist Episcopal,
then Wesleyan and again Methodist Episcopal, Mr. Semans is
tall and imposing in mien and bearing, large-framed and mus-
cular; and, though now somewhat enfeebled, yet his erect and
stately form gives him an appearance both dignified and vonera-

368

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ble, and he seems the very image and ideal of au aged patriarch
of the oldon time. (This was written before his death.) He wan
an early pioneer of Greensfork Township, living first southwest
of Spartansburg, then in that town; leaving the region at length,
and, after long' years spent iu vai-ious places, dying at last in
Iowa in the spring of 18S1, seventy-nine years of age. He was
a farmer, a teacher, a preacher, a Jiistice of the Peace, and at one
time (1830) a member of the Legislatm-e. His second wife was
the daughter of Eplu-aim Bowen, Sr. , of Greensfork, the fourth
settler in Randolph County. Many of his cwonty-foiir children
lived to be grown and married, and, in 1880, sixteen wore living
and married. How many more of the twenty-four have been
married we do not know. Mr. S. was tall and stately, straight
aa a tree, a gi-and and splendid specimen of the Anglo-Saxon
race. While he was visiting his old ueighlwrs and his kinsfolk
in Kandolph County, during the Hummer of 18S0, ho seemed as
though several years of life might yet be his among men. But
his work is done, and hi.s stately form lies low in the silent dust,
and his fieed spirit has gone homo to its endless rest. May we
' ' die the death of the righteous, and may our last end bo like his!"

William Stubbs (father of Mrs. Philip Hill) was born in 1780
in Georgia, and his wife, Sarah (Hodsou) Stubbs, in North Car-
olina in 1777. They were married in J80-t, and emigrated to
Preble County, Ohio, in 180r>. They had eight children, and ho
died in 18D7, aged seventy-c-e years. His wife died in 1S5S,
aged eighty-one yeai-s. Philip Hill has had eight children, four
of whom are living, and three married. He is the son of ^Villiam
Hill, an early pioneer, and also a brother of Aaron Hill, south of
Arba, in the edge of Wayne County. Philip Hill resides in
Greensfork, in the southwest part. Ho is a farmer, a Repub-
lican and a member of the United Brethren Chtuch.

William Taylor was born in Edgecombe (^3unty, N. C, in
1799; married Talitha Hedgepeth iu 18'.i:i, who was bora in 1802;
came to Spartanslmvg, Ind., in 18815, and settled on a tract of
land northwest of that place, residing there until 1870, at which
time he removed to Spartansburg, where is n(jw his home. He
has had five children— John Heilgepeth, bum in North Cai-olina
iu 1824; married Sarah Horn; had nine children, five sons liv-
ing; farmer, shoo dealer, shoemaker, two years Township Trustee,
discharging the duties well: highly estoomcd by liis fellow-citi-
zens; maiTicd, in Arba, Ind.: Margaret Jane (Horn); six chil-
dren; died some time ago; Peninnah (Horn), Arlia, one child.
William Thomas mari'ied Sarali E. Jackson, daughter of James
Jackson; foiu- children; form west of old boundary. Mrs. Tay-
lor's father was a "Continental" soldier; he served iuthe Revo-
lutionary war fifteen months. Mr. Taylor and his wife have been
"one" for nearly fifty- nine years; they are sprightly and hale,
though the}- are eighty-three and eighty. He bought eighty
acres of land, when he fii'st came, for §850, and lived on it till
1876, and owns it yet. Mr. Taylor died in September, 1882, of
Bright'e disea-se, eighty-three years old.

John W. Thomas, Ai'ba (second settlor), was born in South
Carolina iu 1787; came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1814; mar-
ried Achsah Peale, in 1810, who was born in 179.3. They had
thirteen childi'eu; twelve lived to be gro^vn, and eleven were
married; sis are now living Robert Thomas, the fii-st child
born in Randolph County, Ind., vras the son of John W. Thomas,
and born 12th, 18th, 1814. He is now living in Huntington
County, Ind. John W. Thomas died iu Huntington Connty Ind.,
4th, 8th, 1859, and was buried iu Arba Cemetery. His age was
seventy-one years seven months and nineteen days. One of his
sons now lives at Arba.

Windsor Wiggs was born in 1793 in North Carolina; caimo
to Randolph County, Ind., in 1820; died in 1^50; married Sarah
Barefoot, iu North "Cai-olina, in 1816, living still where thoysot-
tled fifty-four years ago; had eleven chiKh'en: eight lived to
be grown; six are still living. Ho died in 1850, November 27,
aged sixty- three years. Willa Maria died at six weeks; Felix
G., born 1811), man-ied Emily Thomas, 1841. has resided in Ran-
dolph County, Ind., ami Darke €ounty, Ohio; for twelve years
at Union City, IncL; has been faiTuer, merchant and grain
dealer; has two children, both living-George, agent for a
wholesale gi-aiii, dealer iu Em-o]iean markets, and a daughter, wife

of W. A. Wiley, grain deider. Union City; he now spends much
of his time traveling to Kansas, North Carolina, etc. ; Morris
died iu 1854; Blake E., six children, farmer, Greensfork, twice
married; Raiford. twice married, five children, Methodist and
Republican, clerk and merchant; has resided at Spart.ansbmg,
Newport, Cincinnati, Rich'nond, Tampico, Ohio, Winchester,
Union City, and now lives at Lawrence, Kim. ; William Hender-
son, died at eighteen years in a fit; Windsor, Jr., married Eliza-
beth Harttnan, then Almnretta (Milligan) Richardson, daughter
of Dr. Milligan, late of Recovery, OLio; nine childi-en; has
lived at Spartansbiu'g, Union City, Recovery, Ohio, and Liber,
Ind. ; ho has been farmer, merchant and gi'ain dealer, auctioneer,
etc; he is an ardent Republican; Sarah, died flt three years;
James Henry, farmer, eleven children, Disciple, Republican,
Darke Countyj^Ohio; Martha Matilda, died at two years; Anna
Jane (Elliott), six children, two miles below Spartansburg, Ind.
Mr. Wiggs was bui-ied in the " Quaker Graveyard," near Charles
Crist's, southeast of Spartansburg, as also his wife, who died in
the summer of 1881, on the old homestead.

Mrs, Sarah (Barefoot) Wiggs (widow of Windsor Wiggs, Sr. )
was born in North Carolina, March 10, 1797; her father died
when she was six years old, and she became a " bound girl " to a
iylr. Evans. She was married to Mr. Wiggs before she was
sovonteou years old, and, in 1820, they emigrated to Randolph
County, Ind., making their home in the wilderness southeast of
Spartansburg. on the old Windsor Wiggs farm. They arrived at
William Arnold's cabin, where Noah Turner lived lately. May
15, 1820; he bought eighty acres, and she resided on that farm
from 1825 to 1S81 — more than fifty-five years — making her home
of late years on the homestead with her son, Blake Wiggs; she
died August 11, 1881, and was buried on the fann of Charles
Crist, southeast of Spartansburg, in what is known as the " Nor-
wich or Quaker Graveyard," be.sidoher husband, who many years
ago departed this life at the age of sixty-throe years three
months and eighteen days; his death occurred November 27,
1850. Their land had been entered by John Schooiey, who sold
it to Benjamin Arnold, and he to Mr. Wiggs. Mrs. Wiggs
joined the Disciples' Chm-ch in 1889, and her hu.sband a short
time afterward. Mrs. Wiggs was eighty-four years five mouths
and tweuly-foiu- days old. having lived with her husband thirty-
eight years tLree months eleven days, having been a widow
about twenty-six years, a chiu'ch member forty-two years,
and a resident ou their homestead fifty-five years. She raised a
large family, who have become prominent and useful citizens.

SQUmii BOWEN.
Squire Bowen, ii pioneer of Uandolph County, son of Eplirftim and Hannah
Bowen, born in Greene County, Oliio, April 10, 1805 ; he was the fourth of eleven
children, five of whom, ire slill living; he removed with his parents to Randolph
County. Oclohcr22, 1S14, and :etlied two and one-half miles from Spxrlniis-
burg, where hi.s father entered a quarter seotion of land. Squire lived upon this
farm for fifty-three years ; here he spent the leaier and best portion of his life.
Ilia mother died in 18-14, and his father followed iu 185i*. Afterihe death of
his mother, the care of the father fell to the lot of Squire. It is needless lo stale
that he did all that w.as in the power of a loving son to mike the remainder of
his ftther'n life comfortable and happy.

The buyhood of Squire was similar to that of the sons of most pioneers.
The privations and .snft'erings experienced by the early seltlei-s of this county
and Slate cinnot be pictured upon the printed page. At the time Squires
father settled in this o unly, there were only eleven white people living in the
territory of which the county was subsequently formed. Having no neighbors
but th' uncivilized Indians, they were thrown upon the rown resources tool-ar
a home.'^lead from the unbroken forest. All of the products of the farm that
were not used for home consumption were marketed at Fort Wayne, a distance
of about nin. ty miles. The only means of conveyance was by wagon drawn by
oxen. They were compelled to out their own road through the dense wilder-
It required from si.vteen to twenty days to make the trip and return,
he lot of tha subject of this sketch,
tire absence of eohools, Mr. Bowen, by dint
tice of a very brief attendance at school in
, this oounly, in the old log pioneer sohool-
tds' Meeting House, he obtained u fair common school

He vna married to Elizabeth Dwiggins, of Wayne County, i>ugust la,
182;i. who still aUi'vivea, having borne the ups and downs of life vrlth her de-
voted husband for flfiy-three years. They are the parents of twelve children,
four boys and eight girls, nine of whom are still livinir. With one eioeptiou,
none of their children reside more than ten miles from tKe old homestead.

All of this work fell .
Notwithsumdiug
of hi' own efforts, with the
Greene County, Ohi(

pally t<

GREEN'S FORK TP

y?^

'1 ^ ¥

Al /

Squire Bowen

green's fork tp.

\

f

David Las ley

WEST RIVER TP,

^m ^

•%

Mrs. C. BouSMAN.

j^ ^s^t

\

^mX4.£Z£a-. U^-rx^/jp^

T

/^'

(/cz^...^. -/Q/^^^ mQ

^^9y/^

GREENSFORK TOWNSHIP.

Their children are nil hippily married, and comfortably situated. In 18CT. Squire
moved from the farm to Arba, and lived in that village for nine ami one-half
years, whoa he moved tu Spartanaburg, where he has since resided. He and
his wife have been acceptable members of the M. E. Church for more than
fifty years.

In politics, Mr. Bowen has always been an uncompromising Republican ;
he has affiliated with that party ever since its organization. Although never
having been elected to any office of trust, ho has always been actively engaged
and deeply interested in the welfare of the party of his choice.

He and his amiable wife are pleasantly situated at Sparlansburg, surrounded
by loving chiMren and kind friends, enjoying fair hialth and a prospect of yet
many years of usefulness.

We cannot close this brief sketch of this most worthy pair without adding
our own testimony of reverence for their efforts in developing the great re-
sources of this part of the State of Indiana.

JAMKS D. BOWEN.

James Dwiggins Bowen, son of Squire and Eliiabeth Bowen, was born in
Greenafork Township, Ilandolph County, December 'JS, 1H32: he was raised on the
farm entered by his grandfather, Epliraira Bowen, ifl li^f 4, of which he is now
owner and proprietor ; his farm consists of 200 acres of which 140 acres are in a
high state of cultivation. His boyhood was quiet and uneventful, spending the
greater part of his time in cultivating the farm; his education was limited to the
common district schools, with the exception of one term at a commercial school at
Indianapolis in 1855. lie was EnroUiug Officer of his township during the
war, an appointment from the Government: he made three trips to the front
to look after the sick and wounded soldiers from his district. In addition to
farming, Mr. Bnwen has been actively engaged in the mercantile business at
Spartansburg and Arba, and pork-packing business at Richmond ; he now has an
interest in the mercantile and^ainbusiness at Lynn, litis county. As a l^isinei^s
man, Mr. Bowen is cautious; attd, careful to look aaer the details. He was
married to Mary B. Chenoweth, daughter of John B. and Sarah U. Chenowcth,
of CarroU County, Md., September i3, 1855.

Mr. and Mrs. Bowen have a family of nine children, tliree Iwys and six
girls, all of whom are still living. Two of his sons are engage 1 with ihcir
father in business at Lynn, one as a partner, the other as clerk. , ,

James D. has been elected to two of the most important offices of his town-
ship— that of Township Trustee, and served for five years, and in 18(i7. he \yas
elected Justice of the I'eoce, and has c mtinned for fnur yrars. That he tilled
these offices satisfactoril y is evinced from the fact of his continuance. He now
holds the office of Ditch Commissioner, under the iippointment of the Judge of
the Circuit Court. In 1873, be moved from Arba, where he Jiad been engaged in
business since 18fi0, to the farm where he now resides. He has been blessed
with an abundance of worldly effects, and is surrounded with luxury and all
that is neccsmry to make life hnppy. His farm is a model of beauty and con-
venietjoe, especially adapted to grazing, all parts of it being supplied with an
nbundftuce of never-failing spring water. He devotes considerable attention to
the raising of corn and hogs. His farm buildings arc commodious and con-
venient; his dwelling-house is a large, two-story structure, situated on a beau-
tiful knoll, surrounded with many beautiful shade trees.

Mr. Bowen has always been a stanch Republican, and has been industrious
in liis efforts fir the welfare of his parly. He and his excellent wife are accept-
able members of the M. E. Church, and are bono ed members of society of the
community in which they reside. Mr. Bowen is also a useful member of the
order of Free and Accepted Masons, being a member of Bethel Lodge, No. 2.')U.

EPHRAIM L. BOWEN.

Bphraim L. Bowen is a native of Randolph County, Ind. ; he was born at
the family homestead in Gree I's Fork Township, on the 20lh of March, 1810 :
his father, Ephraim Bowen, of whom a more extended account appears else-
where in this volume, was one of the first white men who located in Randolph
County, and bore a prominent and active part in its development and improve-
ment. Ephraim L., the subject of this slfetch, grew to manhood on the home
farm, enjoying only such limited educational adviinlnges as the pioneer .schools
afforded. By individual effort, however, he succeeded in acquiring an educ ■'
whica, if not scholastic, was nevertheless practical, and by his daily routi
work grew proficient in all that goei to constitute a good farmer, and in
years adopted the pursuit of farming as his chosen vocation. He remained at
home assisting his father until twenty years of iige, and was then united
marriage with Miss Ruth Dwiggins, a native of Wayne County, Ind. He th
began farming for himself in Green's Fork Township, and in Ihe years tl
have followefl, his success in this line ban steadily increased under his tireU
energy and prudent management. The farm upon which he began life on hij

own account has been enlarged by subsequent purchases, until it now cmbn

280 acres of excellent land, all of which is susceptible of cultivation, while
larger portion of it is under a fine state of improvement.

Within twenty years after his marriage, death bereaved him of the c
panionvhip of the wife, whose love had stimulated his youthful labors in
felling of the forest and the •' making " of a, firm ; who.se words of cheer
revived his drooping spirits at the end of days of weary toil, and whose careful
economy had materially promoted his temporal success. She died on August
6, 1858. Eight children had been bom to them, two of whom preceded their
mother to the grave. Six survived her, viz., James H., Elizabeth A., Hannah
L., Mary E., Jennie and Squire C., all of whom grew to maturity and were
married, and three of whom now survive. James H. died September 12, 1874 ;
Mary E. died May 12, 1876, and Jennie died July 1, 1877. Mr. IJowen was a
second time united in the bonds of matrimony, choosing for his companion
Mrs. Anna J. CorbeW, daughter of John and Mildred Thornburg. She was
born December 10, 1827, in Norih Ciruliua. and came to Randolph l^mnty,

Julia M., llo

Id. She is an estimable lady, and enjoys the
her. Four children are the fruits of the
'a L., Lulie L. and Clarence E., all of whom

his life, Mr. Bowen has felt a lively interest in public improve-

!ontributcd liberally to enterjirises having for their object the

ultimate benefit of the county. He has lever felt political ambition, nor has

he ever consented to serve in a public capacity ; but he is, nevertheless, a

ich politician, and an ardent Republican. He is a pol itician to the extent of

ing an active interest in ihe success of his party, .and advocating its priuci-

1. He wiw a prominent anti-slavery advocate in earlier years, and became

of the first adherents of the Republican parly upon its organization. He

denlified With the friends of the temperance cause, and in his daily life

mplifies the principles he holds, Ai a member of the Christian Church he

has led a consistent life, and as a worthy citizen none stand higher than he in

He is a member of the Masonic fraternity,

and is iilenlifted with Bethel Lodge, No. 260.

CLEMENT F. ALEXANDER, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg. This estimable

gentleman was born in Preble County, Ohio, May 2, 1817, and is the son of

mes and Mary (Parks) Alexander, who Were born in Burke County, N. C.

2 former September 28, 1787, and the laltei^ January ^2, 1790. The subject

our sketch was married, September 10, 1840, to Rebecca Parks, who was bom

Monroe County, Ind., December 18, 1810, daughter of George and Catharine

(Read) Parks, who were natives of North Carolina. This union has been blessed

with six children, viz., Mary l\, born April 18, 1842 ; Martha J., October 2'.K

1843; Nancy A., April 2.3, 1845; Serena E., April 21, 1847 ; I

1853 ; and Lizzie E., bo-n May 7, 18.W. all of wl."^ ..--o ti^-t

J., who deceased January 24, 1881. .Mr. Alcxi

settled where he now resides in 1848; he was

ity in 18fi0, and so acceptably performed tl

•e livi

11 he was again chosen ii

■vorthy lady enjoy tl

respect ai

all "who know them.

lUK.li.ISON ANDERSON, farmer, P,,.p'. ijpartansburg. This estimable
gentleman was born in Butler County, Ohio, .Iijpu»ry il,1817, is the son of Nathan
and Kliiiabeth (Forton) Anderson, who vrexe natives of, Virginia, the former born
June 9, 1707, and deceased about three months previous to the birth of the
subject of this sketch ; the latter born OctoberilS, 1770. Mr. Anderson, whi-n
about one year of age, wis brought by his%tOther to Wayne County, Ind. The
event of his marriage took place Novom'ier SO, 1837 ; the chosen companion
through life, .Miss Lydia A. Shaw, born in Warren County, Ohio, October '.i,
1810, is the daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Ramsey) Shaw, who were. born in
Pennsylvania, the former July 20, 1703', and; the latter November 22, 1707.
Mr. Anderson became a resident of this oouiity in 1S37, and for ten years lived
on a farm of eighty acres that he purchased near the south line. He settled
where he now resides (in Section 15), in 1851. During the year 1801, he was
engnged in the mercantile business, and acted as Postmaster at Spartansburg.
Mr. Anderson's early liter.ary advantages were such as the pioneer youth gen-
erally enjoy, but nature has compensated largely for the lack of early opportu-
nities. He is a gentleman who believes in advancement, and is ever found
ready and willing to aid any laudable enterprise that tends to elevate and im-
prove the standing of society. He and his worthy lady are earnest workers in
the Christian Church. They have been blessed with three children, two of
whom are living, viz., Elizabeth, born June 10, 1842, and Edmon L , October
17, 1844.

JAMES ARMSTRONCi, firmer. P. 0. Spartansburg, was born in Hunting-
don County, Penn., April 20, 1822 ; he is the son of Andrew and Jane (Nelson )
Armstrong, who were natives of the above State. The subject of this sketch
emigrated with his parents to Ohio in 1835, where he remained until 18.''3,
when ho became a resident of this county, settling at Union City, where he
engaged in the carpenter business until l&ti-J, when he purchased and moved to
a farm near Ihe above place, on which he resided until 1867, when he moved
to Miami County, this State, where he was employed as a carpenter for a period
of four years ; at the expiration of that time lie again became a resident of this
county. He now owns a neat farm of forty acres in Section 3, on which he
resides. Mr. A. is a member of the M. E. Church, Spartansburg I. 0. 0. F., No.

287, and of Xenia (Niiami County) F. & A. M. No. . The event of his

marriage look place August 4, 1845, to Lucinda Hobert, who was born in Madi-
son Couniy, Ohio, September 17. 1827: she is the daughter of Joseph and
Margirei (I'tandvi Hobert; the former horn in Vermont January 3, 1802, and
the latter in Ohio, November 2, 1811. This tinion has been blessed wilh one
child. Jeremirth D.. born April 26, 1846, who is now engaged in life insurance
at Union City. He was married, July 28, 1867, to Orpha A. Convers, daughter
of Darius Convers.

ARCHIBALD ARMSTRONG, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg. This worthy
gentleman, born in Ireland, April 1, 1833, is the son of Samuel and Margaret
(Valentine) Armstrong, who are natives of Ireland. Mr. Armstrong came to
this cnuniry with his parents in 1830 ; they first settled in Pennsylvania, where
they remained for three years: from there they moved to Delaware, and resided
in thit State until 1844, when they returned lo Pennsylvania, where they re-
mained until 1860, when they becahie residents gf this county. The event of
his marriage took place August 27, 1869, to Maria Mann, daughter of John
and Elizabeth (Stout) Mapn Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong were blessed wiili
three children, viz., Catharine, born August 15, 1868 ; George W., January 14,
1863; and Melissa, horn September 9, 1866. On November 28, 1860, Mr. A.
was called upon to mourn the loss of his beloved wife. He then battled with
the hardships of lifi alone until July 3, 1869, when he was married to Melissa
L. Wilier, who was born in Butler County, Ohio, November 21. 1845. She is
the daughter of Samuel and Surah (Kinnon) Witter. Mr. Armstrong settled.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

land. He speiii about fifteen years of his earlier life working at tlie carpenter
business, but is now engaged in fafmihg. He is a member of Spartansburg I.
<). (>. F., No. 287, is a sterling gentleman, and he and his worthy lady have the
confi<Ience add respect of a large circle of friends and acquaintances.

MAHCELLUS N. BRf)\VN, farmer, 1'. O. Lynn; born in I'reble County,
Ohio, February 28, 1838; he is the eon of Thomas M. and Nancy .J. (Brandon)
Brown , the former borti in Pennsylvania, and the latter in Darke County, Ohio,
March 12, 1820. Mr. Brown was educated at Spartansburg ; he was married
August, IStiO, to Celestina Ruby, who was born in Darke County. Ohio. Novem-
ber 1, 1841). She is the daughter of Samuel F. and .lane (McNulty) Kuby, the
former bom April 27, 1812, and the latter February 17, 1818. Mr. and Mrs.
Brown have been blessed with three chiMren, viz , Samuel 11., born October 14,
1801 : Nancy J., March 6. 1864, and Willie (*., October, 18r.3. Mr. Brown be-
came a resident of this county in 1849 ; he owns a farm of 100 acres in Section
25, on which he has been residing since 1875. He is a thorough gentleman, and
he and his worthy lady are respected by all vrho know them.

J. WFiSLKV CLARK, wagon-maker, Spartunsburg ; l>orn in Spartanshurg
April 7, 1S57 ; he is the son of .lames \V. and Mary K. (Moore) Clark, the
former born in Allen County, Ind., July 0, 1828, and the latter in North Caro-
lina November 3, 1828. The subject of this sketch is a wagon-maker ; he is a
thorough gentleman, highly respected by a large circle of friends and ac(|uaint-
ances. In the summer of 1882, he attended the Normal School at Winolieslcr,
and completed his preparation as a teacher: he then began the honorable vo-
cation of leaching in the public schools.

VKJTOR M. h. COOK, farmer, 1'. O. Sparlansburg; born in Wayne County,
Inil., June 16, 1858 ; he is the son of William and .Margaret A. (Knox) C^jok,
the former born in Wayne County, Ind., July 7, 18.14, and the latter in North
Carnlina January 12, 1835. The event of his marriage took place January 1,
1880, to liuella M. Thomas, who was born iu Wayne County, Ind., November
1, 1801. She is the d.aughter of Joshua C. and Mary (Fulghum) Thomas ; the
former born in North Carolina November 17, 18.30, and the latter in this county
December 12, 1834. .Mr. Cook first became a resident of Randolph County in
18-59. He owns a well-improved farm of siity-three acres in Section 16, on which
he reside. He and his worthy lady are highly respected by a large circle of
friends and acquaintances.

ClI AllLES CRIST is a resident of Qreensfork Township. He was born in
I'ennsylvania in 1801 ; his father moved to Maryland, in 1HI4. and lir lived
there till he was grown. He married Mary Flatters, in Maryland, iu l.Sil. .She
was born in 180!i. They moved from thence to Marion County, Oliio, in 1831 ;
thence to Hancock County, Ohio, in 1834, and to Darko l^ounty, Ohio, in 1847,
and finally to Randolph County, Ind., in 18-54, where lliey reside now, aboutone
mile east of Spartausburg. They have had twelve children, but there are now
but six living. Three of the children died from •' milk sickness." The follow-
ing are their children now living : Jacob Crist, whose bu.siness is farming, and
who U married to Mary Campbell, a daughter of William M. Campbell, Sr.— they
have one child; Sarah Ann Shaw, who resides in Union City, and has five chil-
dren ; Margaret Loui.fa died when she was seven years old j Sanford Oist, who
is intermarried with Althea Corbeit, a daughter of Richard Corbetl; Sandford in a
farmer, and has one child ; William Crist is married to Eliaabeth Fisli, and re-
sides at Springfield, Ohio, where he is engaged as a stone-cutter — lie has five
children: Mary Jane died at the age of one year; George W. is unmarried,
and resides witli his parents ; Thomas Clarkson Crist is married to Mary Co-
burn, and resides in Union City, he is an engineer, and has five children ; Re-
becca died when she was seven years old. The older Crist and his lady have
always resideil upon Ihcir farm. In every locality where they took up their
abode, they were among the first settlers. Mr. (Jrist has given his whole life
to farming, and has done much to improve theco.iutry ; he is a man of .steady
and industrious habits ; he is a Democrat in politics and has the confidence
iin'l good will of all his neiirhborsand acquaintances.

KRKDERICK C. FUI.GHU.M, S. S. Mill, Arba. This estimable gentleman,
born in this county December 26, 1840, is the son of Frederick and Tiety (Par-
ker) Fulghum, who were natives of Guilford County, N. C, the former
born April 20, 1799, and the latter July 30, 1798. The subject of our sketch
was educated at Earlham College ; he was married, January 1, 18ti2. to Rebecca
'•;iliott, who was born in Preble County, Ohio, .lanuary 17, 1839. Her parents,
;enjamin and Rachel (llickson) Elliott, were natives of North Carolina, the
lormer horn May 10, 1810, and the latter in 1814. Mr. and Mrs. Fulghum have
four children, viz., Oscar E., born October 3, 1862 ; Fnncona I,-, Juno 13,
1800; Lucy, November 0, 1872, and Walter B., born April 20, 1879. Mr.
Futghum settled at Arba, where he is now successfully conducting a saw and
grist mill. He and his worthy lady are members of the Society of Friends,
and are highly respected by all who know them. Mr. Fulghum is also inter-
ested in the Richmond Business College and Telegraphing Institute at Rich-
mond, Wayne Co., hid.

HUfiH GARD, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. The subject of this sketch, born
ill Preble Couuty, Ohio. March 12, 1820, is the son of Lot and Ann (Vance)
Gard, who were natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. Oard became a resident of this
Bute when quite young, remaining until 1860, when he returned to his native
State. The event of his marriage took place February 11, 1802, to Sarah Dunn,
who was bom in Pennsylvania September 12,1830. Her parents, Joseiih and
Debra (Evans) Dunn were natives of Pennsylvania, the former born Septem-
ber 30, 1792, and the latter March 2, 1795. Mr. Gard returned to thi.s State
and settled where he now resides in 1867 ; he owns 160 acres of land, and is
engaged in farming and stock-raising ; he is a thorough gentleman, highly re-
spected by all who know him. Mr. Oard and his worthy lady have been
blessed with three children, vii., Laura D., born December 5, 1862; Joseph
C, March 27, 1807, and Annett S., August 31, lwc.8.

.lAMES M. HARRISON, farmer, P. O. H. uishiiig. Ohio, born in Darke
Ouniy, Ohio, A|.ril 20, |H:i3. He is the son of Harvey and Miiroiva .1. (Ilown-

South Carolina December 7, 1808. The event of his marriage took place De-
cember 9, 1855, to Emily E. French, who was born in Virginia May 19, 1834.
She is the daughter of Walter W. and Levina (Bailey) French, who were natives
of Virginia; the former born March 1, 1794, and the latter July 30, 1800. Mr.
and Mrs. Harrison have had born to them six children, three of whom are liv-
ing, viz., Arvilla A., born January 1, 1867 : William H., October 12, 1866, and
Emily E., November 23, 1872. Mr. Harrison became a resident of Randolph
County in 1855, and has since been engaged in farming and the manufacture of
the '■ Harrison Hand Corn Planter," of which he is the inventor and patentee.
He has a well improved farm of 122 acres, on which he resides, in Section 25 :
he is a sterling gentleman, and he and his worthy lady are highly respected by
all who know them.

JA.MES H. HART, farmer. P.O. Sparlansburg. was horn in Kentucky
January 8, 1808; he is the son of John and Phocha (Godfrey) Hart; the former
a native of Virginia, and the latter of Kentucky. With the exception of a short
time spent in Kentucky and Ohio, the subject of our sketch has been a resident
of tills county since 1832. He spent hia early life in teachiiig school, farming
and shoe-making; he was married, September 29, 1839, to Ruth Cartwrighi,
who was born in North :Carolina March 14,1811 She is the daughter of
Hezekiah and Elizabeth (Pritchct) Carlwright, who were natives of North (^iro-
lina; the former born in 1774, and the latter in 1777. .Mr. ond Mrs. Hart
have been blessed with four children, two of whom are living, viz., John H.,
born .Fannary 2, 1843, and William T., bora March 29, 1847; Hie latter was
married April i8, 1877, to Angeliue M. Bunch, who was born iu this county
April 28, 1855. She is the daughter of Richard G. and Mary J. (ISowen) Bunch.
Tuis union has been blessed with one child— Charles II.. horn April 21, 1878.
We may say of James H. Hart that he is one of the pioneers of this county, and
is closely identified with its development and early improvemeut-s ; he and his
estimable laily are members of the Christian Church, and are highly rcspeclid
by all who know them.

HENRV HAWKUVS, saw-milling. Snow Hill. This estimable gentleman,
who became a resident of Randolph County in 1870, is the son of Nathan and
Sarah (Wright) Hawkins, who were natives of Wayne County, Ind. ; the former
born April 15, 1,808, and the latter April 12, 1811. The subject of oursketcli
was also born as .above, December 25, 1838 ; he enlisted August 16, 1862, in
Company 1, Eighty-fourth Indiana Infantry. As a soldier he was brave and
fearless, participating in numerous battles. On Sunday, September 20, 1803,
he received a severe wound at the baitleof Chickumanga, and lay on the fiebl
for cloven days : be was then paroled and taken to the hospital at Chaitanoogn ;
thence to Nashville, where, after remaining for several months, he was lur-
loughcd and sent home, where he remained for five mouths ; al the expiration of
that time, he Joined his regiment at Nashville, Tenn., but on account of his in-
ability for active service, he was shortly after sent to Indianapolis as one of a
reserve corps, where he remained until June 20, 1806, when he was discharged.
Mr. Hawkins was married November 20, 1874, to Miss Jennie Owen, who was
boru in Preble County, Ohio, November 17, 1846. She is the daughter of Will-
iam W. and .lano (Allbright) Owen, who were born in Tennessee; the former
June 5. 1795, and the latter January 22, 1810. Mr. Hawkins owns 120 acres of
land, and is engaged in saw-milling and farming ; he is a sterling gentleman, and
he and his worthy lady enjoy the esteem and confidence of all who know them.

ADAM R HI.Vl'T, farmer, P. O. Bethel, Ind. This estimable gentleman,
born in Wayne County, Ind., Jami.try 9, 1837, is the son of Enos and Nancv
(Miller) Hiati, the former born in Guilford County, N. C, August 28, 180.1
and the latter in Woodford County, Ky., in September. 1810. Mr. Hiatt was
married. May 27, 18.55, to Lucinda Wolf, who was born in WaynoCounly, Ind.,
July 5. 1837. She is the daughter of David and Nancy (Douthet) Wolf, tho
former bom in New Jersey in 1800, and the latter in Warren County, Ohio, iji
1799. This union has been blessed with eight children, seven of whom are liv-
ing, viz., Miiry F., born May 18, 1857; Cas.^ius F., April 20, 18.59; Alvin 1.,
July 22, 1803 ; Elmer P., July 4, 1805; Harrison, August 10, 1809 ; Carrie ('.,
November 10, 1871, and India W , June 23, 1878. Mr. Hiatt settled where lie
now resides in 1809. His farm consists of 100 acres, and is located in Section
36. He is a member of Bethel F. & A. M., No. 260, and he and his worthy

LEVI HILL.

Levi Hill, agriculturist and horticulturist, was horn in (Ireensfork Town-
ship, Randolph County, Ind., April 4, 1835 ; he is the .son of Aaron and IMity
A. Hill, and the second child of a family of eight children; his parents moved
to the .State in 1817, and to Randolph County iu 1824. His father was a native
of Ohio, and was born in 18111; his mother of North Carolina, and was born
iu 1><12 ; his parents were members of the Society of Friends.

Levi Inu spent the greater portion of his life upon the farm, having sekclod
the occupation of farming from choice; he is well adapted to this business. and
conducts his farming upon scientific principles. His father was one of the
pioneers of the county, and Levi, in his younger years, a,s8isted him in clear
iiiga farm from the forest. His early educational advantages were meager, but
having made up his mind to engage for a time in the profession of teaching, he
bent allof his energies to prepare himself forlhat work. To accomplish this end,
he attended the graded schools at Arba for three terms of five months each,
under the instruction of Jacob Green, Thomas and Matthew Charles; he ulso
attended a term of five months at Friends' Western .Agricultural School, under
the supervision of Hon. B. C. Ilobbs, ex-Superintendent Public Instruction.
From nineteen to twenty-three years of age, he taught school in the winter and
attended school in the .summer. As a teacher and student, he distinguished him-
self by his energy and perseverance iu surmounting every difficulty ; his labors
were crowned with abundant success.

He was married to Elizabeth Anderson, daughter of Harrison and Lydia
Anderson, of Wayne County, August 18, 1869. Mrs. Hill is a mo.st estimable
lady, refined, amiable and of superior intelligence. She is beloved by all who

JOHN S. BERRY, M. D.

John S. Bekry was born near Green-
ville, Darke Co., Ohio, in 1852, and is
■■16 SOB of Elisha and Jane Berry, Tfbo
aro natives and iife-long residents of
■tiat county. His father was bom Feb-
ruary 24, and his mother March 1,
1824. They are the parents of four
sons and four daughters, all of their
children now surviving except two. Mr.
Elisha Berry haa now retired from ac-
tive business to the village of Versailles,
of the siime county, but in his life has
been prominently identified with the
agricultural and mercantile interests of
Darke County. He bears a high repu
iation among his fellow-citizens, and
during the past eight years has occupied
the honorable and responsible office of
County Oommisaioner in Darke County,
and has discharged the duties of that
position to the satisfaction of hie con-
stituentK. John S., the subject of this
sketch, attended the common schools of
his native county, includ'ng the public
scliool at Versailles, Ohio, and the high
school at Greenville, Ohio. In 1872,
he began teaching school, and was thu?
e'igBged for eighteen months. In li.e

^^

."X)

spring of 1873, he began the study of
medicine under the instruction of his
brother-in-iaw, Dr. J. E. Proctor, of
Versailles, Ohio, and spent the winter
of 1875 and 1876 in attending lectures
at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati.
In the spring of 1876, he entered upon
the practice of his profession at Spar-
tansburg, Randolph Co., Ind., where he
still continues to reside. Fortunately,
he located in a place ready for a compe-
tent representative of the medical pro-
fession, ai<d was introduced almost im-
mediately into an extensive practice,
which, in the meantime, he has greatly
enlarged by his prompt and faithful at-
rondance upon his patients, his skill
and his successful treatment of their ills,
&'■ well a.s by his genial presence and
guutlomauly deportment. He has gained
the confidence of his patients, and, al-
tiiough young, has established a profes-
sional reputation of which he may justly
feel prout). It is beyond our province
to predict a career, but we join with his
friends in the hope that he may attain
the eminence in his profession for which
his natural abilities eminently fit him,
and toward which his past achievemeD';)
tend.

Res.of Samuel J.Jennings. Greens Fork Tp. Randolph, Co. Ind.

GREENSFOllK TOWNSHIP.

Mr. and Mrs. Hill have a family of three daughters, two of whom are now
living. 'Eheirecoond daughter, Eva, died April 1-5, 1867, being nearly four years
old. Their eldest daughter, Eudorah (now Mrs. Woodbury), was born August
r>, I860. Eva was born .luly 7, ISO:!, and died as stated above. Ginevera was
horn September 12, 1869. In the fall of 1859, Levi and his young wife settled
on the farm where they now reside ; the farm at that lime consisted of eighty
acres, with thirty-five acres improved. At the present lime, Mr. Hill owns 100
acres, seventy-five acres improved ; his irm is beautifully located one and one-
half miles south of Sparlansburg, and .slopes gently to the south and east, of
iin excellent quality of soil adiipted to the growing of all kinds of grain and
pasturage, every field being supplied with living water ; his farm is in splendid
repair, buildings, fences, etc., being in excellent condition. While he gives his
attention to the raising of all kinds of farm products, he makes a speciality of
fruits, of which he produces a large variety and fine quality.

He left the farm in the fall of 187.3, and removed to Union City, and here
he engaged in the book and stationery busine.os for five years, with 0. C. Gor-
don, et-Treasurer. In this, as in all other business enterprises, he was suc-
cessful. He was elected Township Assessor in 1860, and served two years ;
.also elected to the office of Township Trustee in 1864, and served one term.
In both of these offices he served the people faithfully. While Township
Trustee he manifested a deep interest in the success of the schools. He and
his wife have beeu active and honored members of the Disciples' Church, since

, Mr. Hill

a Republic!

is Mr. and Mrs. Hill's ir

further

dren are held in high esteem by the community in which they live, .and lea'
a quiet and happy life.

JOHN WESLEY HTLI-.
.John Wesley Hill, merchant, resides in Sparlansburg, this county; he i
the son of Hiram an.l .Martha Hill, and was born in this county May '2
18.39; he is the fourth of a family of eight children ; his father was born ii
Highland County, Ohio, November 1, 1812; his mother was born in Green
County, Penn., in the year 1810; his father came to this county with hi
parents in the year 1824. and his mother in the fall of 1819. His parent
were married January '24, 18:5.3, and settled on a farm three and one-bal
miles from Sparlansburg. John spent the greater part of his time unti
twenty-one years of age, in assisting his father to clear up a farm from th

His educai

with t!

aal a

exception of two years in
supervision of Thomas a

school from 18«0 t
reputation of being the best
In the fall of 1862, .Toh
Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiai
until the fall of 1863. at wh

.nduc

0 grades, and had the

r Infantry ;

Chickasaw Moan

le Signal Scrv-
i tooK an active part in the battles of Richmond, Ky.,
•kansas Post and siege of Vicksburg. At Richmond,
, , . nner, and immediately paroled. After a brief period

he was exchanged, and transferred with his regiment to the Army of the
Mississippi, under the coiuinands of Grant and >Shermau ; he was honorably
discharged March, 1864. having been prostrated by a severe attack of typhoid
pneumonia; his Captain ( Howard i voluntarily offered him a discharge, which
he at first refused to accept, but was subsequently induced lo do. so on account
of continued ill-health, and the urgent request of his brother. His army life
was both creditable to himself and the country which he served, and Mr.
Hili looks back upon this period of his career with great satisfaction, having
the consciousness that, as a .soldier, he served his country faithfully in the
hour of her peril and need.

After his discharge from the army and relurning health, he engaged

tered the store of Parker & Hill, of Newport (Fountain Cily), Wayne County, as
a clerk, and remained about one year, and then engaged to Woody & Weeks,
of the same place, in the same capacity, and remained until September, 1866,
when he entered into copartnership with Barney Marine in a general mercan-
lile business at Arba ; liis partner transferred his interest in the business, in
1868, loO. C.Gordon. This firm continued until the fall of 1869, when the

Mr. Hill then moved to Spartausburg, and in Jaiuiary. 1.S70, entered the
general mercantile business with E. L. Anderson, as partner. This firm re-
mained in the business until the fall of 1872. at which time Mr. Hill retired,
transferring his interest to .Mr. Anderson. The following summer, he bought
out Mr. Anderson, taking as a partner John Grow, transferring to him a
one.third interest. After about one year, Mr. Grow was succeeded by J. A.
Thomas. Mr. Thomas remained in the firm until 1878, wlien he sold his in-
terest lo George F. Morgan. After two years' copartnership with Mr. Morgan,
Mr. Hill bought his interest, and has since that time conducted the business
■ icip»l b ■

5r of excellent school buildings, amonp
a iwo-siory nrick, commodious and convenient. This tiuiiding is aoove tn«
average for towns of the size of Spartansburg. He was married to Julia A,
Davis, a step-daughter of Dr. R. H. Morgan, November 16, 1860. Mrs. Hill if
a lady of refinement and superior e.-iecutive ability, and has been of great as

family, she h

mrgc of a

oucfil t

girls, I

M.. May I

•s. Hill have a family of six children,
Ro.sooe R., born August ai, 1866; V
_ . __ H., February 26, 1871;

Fred, February 4, 1875 ; Howard T. B., Oct.

This is in many respects a model family — a kind Providence sparing the
lives of all their children until the lime of writing lliis sketch. Their home
is a model of neatness and domentic harmony. Mrs. Hill is an acceplahle and
active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Mr. Hill is an honored member of the I. O. 0. F. fraternity, and has taken
all the degrees of the Encampment, and Grand Lodge Encampment ; he joined
the Order, August, 1867, and has ever since taken a deep interest in iis
success. In political preferment, he is a Republican of the stanchcst kind,
and has never affiliated with any other party. ,,.• .

Mr. Hill leads a quiet and even life, energetic and progressive in hi's
business, is a valuable member of society, and highly respected in the com-

SAMUEL J. JENNINGS.

Samuel J. Jennings, a farmer and carpenter, son of Samuel and Margana
(Madren) Jennings, was born in this county October 1, 18:53; he is the sevemh
of a family of nine children, of whom four are now living ; his father was born
in Pasquotank County, N. C, in the year 1799, and his mother was born in
the same State and county in the year 1797. His parents lived in Norih Caro-
lina until the year 1823, when they came to Indiana and settled near Founmin
City, Wayne County. They remained here for three year*, when they c:une tn
Rjvndolph County and located three miles south of Lynn, where they purchased
fifty acres of unimproved land.

The deprivations and hardships they endured were extreme, Ijcing in very
limited circumstances. So poor were they, their only menus of conveyance
from North Carolina was a cart drawn by one horse, and from Wayne County lo
Randolph in a cart drawn by oxen, .■\fter their location in this county, .Mr.
Jennings set to work to clear a farm from the wilderness, and succeeded in .se-
curing a very comfortable home.

Mr. and Mrs. Jennings were honored monil>or~ ■■<' iho Hii-'i-' Church, ancl
remained faithful until their deaths. Mr. .i>-iiiini'- .i--i-ir 1 m ; li.> ereclion nf

land's Fork, in Wayne C-mniy. The minisier- ,. , i« I, am we will

mention Willis Wilmore, Thomas Tuttle, Nuilnini.l t ,.. , : i ■,, o(h,(.s al-
ways found a welcome home with Mr. and Mrs. .Icnnin;;^. '•■:• ' nni , .■..,-:,
very active member of the church, and it was mainly ilii . i i. ; :' •'< a

it was organized and sustained. Mr. Jennings died M.mh ■ ■
seven years and ten months. His funeral took place nt l.i- v\,i,s

conducted by Rev. Milton Wright, of the United Brethnn i iiu:: : i:- v.-.:, ,,:n
were interred in Hopewell Cemetery, Wayne Couuly. Mr.-, .iinniiii-- lii' I i >c-
tober 1 , 1878, aged eighty-one years eight months and fourteen diiys. Funeral
services conducted by Rev. F. M. Deniunbrun, of the United Ercihreu Chnrcli,
and the remains deposited by the side of her husband's.

The subject of this sketch remained with his narcnta on the I'lrm nnlil iie
was seventeen years of age, when he and liis 1 m: i i .1 n: . j, _ ,_ i ;, m,
the carpenter trade, whicli Samuel has work > I 'i

years with almost unprecedented success; li'- u , i i i

to the busines.5, and being industrious and iiiiii.i ill- i ,
reputaiion of being one of the best oarpeuttr» lu iIk I 1. ,: , i..

was fully able to sustain ; he has superintende I iheir. i,.

best buildings in the county, and among the many ic 1 Ii<l

Chapel, which he twice erected, being destroyed by fire: ."■ i .' i h .i-

and handsome barn, and his own beautiful and attractivi r ni

which is given in this work. In addition lo working :u hi . hn

he has given much attention to farming, and in this, as v.. li rl. ,

he has achieved great success; he is owner and prn|ir:. ' .,i

excellent land, situated in this county. This land is imihi' i,.-.

the farm upon which he lives is situated one and one-liuU' mil.- . i-r r,i in;,.
and consists of 110 acres; the other is an eighty acre InicI, and i.s Ic^'.and in
Nettle Creek Township.

These farms are well improved and under a high state of cultivaiion. 'I'he
soil is very productive, and Ihey are beautifully located. They are (he results
of Mr. Jennings' persevering industry and frug.aliiy ; his liirin luiiMiiiL-s an^
among the most beautiful and convenient of the couniy. Mr. .Imir: - ! ■ m.' •
man of superior tasle, has made his home surrounding^ ■> i .

his dwelling house is a beautiful two-slory structure uf m ...

situated on a commanding knoll partially surrounded by. I 111 .^

beauty; his barns are both large and convenient, and his . n, ,,

■ " ..... g],aiienge the a'

He V

nited ii

0 Mar

i Nicl

and Sarah Nichols, of this county, January 17, 18.J4. wl. .ii

sorrows, toils and hardships with her devoted husband uniil Mi li. ! ^: I, v, Iri,
her life-work was ended and she was summoned to a fairer ciime an. I Jo.i a l"ng
farewell to her grief-stricken family. She was a faithful wife, a devoled moUier,
and a respected friend ; her husband owes much of his prosperity to her wise
counsels, good judgment and untiring industry. By his first marriage, Mr.
Jennings is the father of eight children, two boys and six girl.s, of whom
seven are living. Their eldest two daughters are married, and living in cum-
fortable circumstances in this county ; his dat'ighter, Margaret M., married lo
Lee Manning, and Sarah S. to David A. Moodcy, both residents of this county.
His eldest son. James, is a deaf mute, caused by sickness when he was four
years of age ; he has attended Ihe State Institution for Deaf and Diujib at Indi-

h.ave been called to mourn the deaih Jf°oue child, a .l.inshter. who .lie.! uipcn
eight months of age.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

le of which

Mr. Jenuings was unitcl in a seoouil marriage to Mrs. Sarah J. Moore,
daughter of Thoiurva and Nancy Bookout, pioneers of this county, December 9,
1876. She was the widowof.Milea Moore. Mrs. Jennings is a very amiable woman,
kind and affectionate, and has been a f*ithful and devoted mother to Mr. Jen-
nings" children. They are both acceptable and honored members of the United
Brethren Church of Bethel Chapel. Mr. Jennings is President of the Board of
Trustees of this church, a position he has held oontinuou"ly for several years.
He was drafted in>o the service of the United States in September, 1864, but
having a family depending upon him for support, he employed a substitute,
paying? 1,000.

While working at his trade, he received two very seric
came very near ending his life, from the e'ffects of which iiu u^ia iicvwr wulhoij
recovered. He has a limited education, obi.iined from the common district
schools ; is a man of superior energy, perseverance and frugality ; he has se-
cured a oompcleocy of worldly effects, and is surrounded with all of the neces-
saries and luxuries of life. He is a man of unquealioned integrity, a useful
oitisen, and he and his good wife are honored members of society.

SAMUEL 0. HILL, farmer, P. 0. Arba. This enterprising gentleman,
who owns a hne farm of 160 acres in Section 7, on which he restides, is the
son of Hiram and Mirtha (Mann) Hill, who were born in 1812, the former in
Ohio and the latter in Pennsylvania. The subject of this sketch was born in
this county January 7, 1838 ; he was educated at Lebanon, Ohio. Mr. Hill
enlisted July 20, 1861, in Company C, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry. He par.
tioipated in numerous battles, and was classed among the brave and fearless.
On the '28th of August, while engaged in the bittle of second Bull Run, ho
received a severe wound, and lay on the fie'd (without food or drink, except
one cracker) until September 6, when removed aud cared for by his comrades;
he was taken to Washington, D. C, where he remained in the hospital until
November; thence to Baltimore, where he was discharged on February 11,
1803. The event of his marriage took place August 11, 1866, to Margaret E.
Peelle, who was born in Wayne County, Ind., April 1, 1847; she is the
daughter of John and Lydia (Price) Peelle. Mr. and Mrs. H. have been
blessed with six children, viz. : Effio L., born June 27, 1867 ; Nora L., October
16, 186n; John I., November 6, 1871; Lillie 0., September 5, 1873; Stuart
O., March 4, 1876 ; and Orlie E., born April 20, 187'.). Mr. H. is a member of
Spartansburg Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., No. 287. Mr. Hill was initiated into the mys-
teries of the I. 0. 0 F. on the llth day of August, 185!), at Winchester; he
also joined the Christian Church on the llth day of the month. Mr. and Mrs.
Hill are both members of the Christian Church.

HENRY W. HORN, farmer, P. 0. Arbi. This estimable gentleman was
born in Wayne County, N. C. May 14, 1829 ; is the son of Henry and Miriam
(Wood) Horn, who were natives of the above county and State, the former
born September 23, 1787. and the latter March 20, 1793. Mr. Horn became
a resident of this county in 1832 ; he was educated at the Manual Labor School
of Parke County, Ind. In 18.5G, he, as one of the firm of H. & H. W. Horn,
opened a store at Arba, carrying a full and complete stock of general merohan-
diso ; he was at the same time appointed Postmaster; he continued in the
mercantile business unti' in 1871 ; since then he has been engaged in farming
and stock-raising. The event of his marriage took place December 9, 1874.
The chosen companion through life, Mrs. Ann Nichols, is a native of this
county, born April 13, 1828; she is the daughter of Jonathan and Huldah
(Way) Johnson, who were natives of North Carolina, the former born Decem-
ber 24 1800, and the latter Apiil 4, 1810. Mr. Horn aud his worthy lady are
consistent members of the Society of Friends, and enjoy the respect and con-
fidence of all who know them.

THOMAS HOUGH resides on his farm in Greensfork Township, adjoining
the town of Spartansburg; he was born at Stoubenville, Jefferson Co., Ohio, in
1W7, andcume to Greene County in 1817, and from thence to Butler County
in 1827. The business in which he engageil led him to various places after-
ward. For some time, he resided in Cincinnati, Ohio; then in Boone
County, Ky. ; then in Cincinnati again ; then in the Slate of Missouri, and
again in Cincinnati and finally he settled down at Spartansburg in 1849, which
has been his home ever since. Mr. Hough's father was an early pionear and
among the first that landed at South Bend, and he was aoqaainted with all the
old Indian spies. Mr. Hough's uncle, Benjamin Hough, was the first Auditor
of the State of Ohio. The subject of this sketch was occupied in eorly life as a
traveliitg salesman and collector for both wholeiale and retail merchants: he
made many trips through the Snuthoru States, where Northern men were
looked upon with suspicion ; his way of life was in those days very rough and
oftentimes attended with danger ; but, being an adventurous spirit, he rather
enjoyed it; he can say to his credit that he never was sued for a debt of his
own nor ever was a delinquent taxpayer. His first wife wai Catherine Depew ;
her father was in the war of 1812, and her mother rode on horseback from
Rapidan, Va., to Boone County, Ky., in 1793. His second wife was Mary W.
Ramney, and died in 1873. As a ciliien of Randolph, he is well and favorably
known, having served in Greensfo-k Township in the official capacity of Jus-
tice of the Peace for nearly twenty-four years, and very rarely were his decis-
ions appealed from. In his solemn duties as a Justice of the Peace, be has
been called upon by 108 pair of matrimonial odvpnturers, for whom he tied
the nuptial knot .\fter his last election to the oifice he honored so long, he
became weary of official life and resigned. On his docket, after the last entry
offioi»lly made by him, he wrote a firewell address to public life, closing it with

thes

EMSLF,V JACKSON, farmer, P 0. Spartansburg, was born in North Caro-
liua November IH, 1828; he is the son of Joseph and Rosanna (Bright) Jack-

21, 1806. The subject of our sketch became a resident of this county in 1834;
he was married Februarys, 1849, to Frances P. Roberson, who whs born in
North Carolina November 11. 182'.; she was the daughter of WilliaTi and
Mariam (Elliott) Riibcrson, who were natives of the above Slate, the former

bom January '20, 1802, and the latter July 18, 1804. Mr. Jackson settled on
Section 8, where he resided at the time of his death in 1882; he left to his
heirs at his demise a fine farm of forty acres ; he was a member of Spartans-
burg Lodge, I. O. 0. F., No. 287. We can say of him that he was a thorough
gentleman, respected by all who knew him. Mr. Jackson's family now consists
of four children, viz. : James L., born August 8, 1863; John C. June 10,
1856 ; Albert L., October 6, 1858 ; and Sarah J., born October '22, 1861. Mrs.
Jackson deceased August 0, 1866.

JOHN W. JACKSON, farmer. P. 0. Bethel, Ind., was born in Randolph
County, Ind., December 8, 1834. He is the sin of Joseph and Rosanna
(Bright) Jaoks:)n, who were natives of North Carolina. Mr. Jackson was
married, July 18, 1857, to Letitik Barnes, who was born in North Carolina
March 30, 1839. She Is th» daughter of Abner and Kesiah (Jackson) Barnes,
who were natives of North Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson have been blessed
with five children, viz.: Amanda L., born August 16, 1859; Joseph E. , born
Deoeuiher 28, 1861 ; Charles T., born April 6, 1864; Monty L., born October
0, 1866, and Carrie B., born July 27, 1809. Mr. Jackson owns' a well-im.
proved farm of ninety acres, in Section 36, on which he has resided since 1861.
He is a member of Bethel F. & A. M., No. 2-50. He and his worthy lady are
consistent members of the U. B. Church, and are highly respected by all who

JAMES M JACKSON, farmer, P. 0. SparUnsburg, wai born in Guilford
County, N. C, April 2, 1810. He is the son of John and Elizabeth (Millie)
Jackson, who were natives of Maryland. Mr. Jackson became a resident of
Indiana in 1833, and of this county in 1834, when he entered the e'ghty acres
of land on which he now lives, and at the same time purchased an adjoining
eighty. The event of his marriage took place January 2, 1839, to Dortha Cart-
wright, who was born October 9, 1817. She was the daughter of Hezckiah and
Elizabeth Cartwright, who were natives of North Carolina. This union was
blessed with four children, three of whom are living, viz. : Elizabeth A., born
December 12, 1839; John W., March 3. 1841, and Hezekiah K., September 3,
1842, Mrs. Jackson died February '22, 1844. Mr. Jackson was married. Jan-
uary 6, 1847, to Mrs. Ann Jackson, who was born in North Carolina April 21,
1806. She is the daughter of James and Margaret (Griffin) Bright, who were
natives of Maryland. This last union has been blessed with two children —
Mary J., born November 1, 1847, and Sarah E., May 26, 1849. Mr. and Mrs.
Jackson are worthy members of the M. E. Church, and are highly respected by
all who know them. Mrs. Jackson died July 15, 1881.

JOHN W. JACKSON, Jii., farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg, sou of James M.
and Dortha (Cartwright) Jackson, who were natives of North Carolina; the
former was boru April 2, 1810, and the latter October 9, 1817. The subject
of our sketch was born in this county March 3, 1841. He was educated in
the district schools of the county. Mr. Jackson enlisted, August 9, 1862, in
Company F, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry. His first experience of the reali-
ties of military life was at the battle of Richmond, Ky., where he was taken
prisoner, but after a few days was paroled, and went into camp at Richmond,
Indiana, where he remained until October, when sent to Memphis, Tenn.;
thence to Vicksburg, where he was under constant fire for five days, fa'ling
hack to Arkansas Post; thence to Milligan's Bend. The winter of 1802-6;!
was spent working on the canal in front of Vicksburg. The next battle par-
tioipalod in was at Port Gibson, where Mr. Jackson was wounded on May 1,
186S. .4fler remaining in the hospital for sis weeks, he joined his regiment
near Vicksburg, and was there at the time of the surrender; thence to Jack-
son, Miss. From there back to Vicksburg, and took part in the Teche expedi-
tion ; thence to Texas, where they remained during the winter. Took part in
the Red River expedition, after which, for a period of six months, served as
a patrol on the Mississippi River; thence to Mobile Bay. From there to Flor-
ida; thenoe back, and assisted in the capture of Fort DIakely. Assisted in
taking the prisoners to Ship Island, coming back to Selina, Ala., where he re-
i mained for one month; thence to Mobile, where he was discharged July 6,
.1865. Mr. Jackson was married, April '22, 1871, to Jennie Bowen, who was
born in Randolph County January 31, 1847. She is the daughter of Ephraim
X. and Ruth (Dwigglns) Bowen. This union wos blessed with Bertha M., born
May 13, 1872. Mrs. Jackson died July 1, 1877. Mr. Jackson then battleu
the hardships of life alone until April 7, 1881, when he was united in marriage
with Louisa S. Davis, who was born in Ohio December 17, 1856, She is the
daughter of Daniel and Nancy (Hancock) Davis, the former born In Maryland
October 15, 1833, and the latter In Ohio October 0, 1836. Mr. Jackson is a
member of Spartansburg I. O. 0. F, No. 287. and of Pleasant Grove Orange,
No. 226, and is known as a thorough gentleman.

ROBERT JORDAN, farmer, P. O. SparianMburg, wasbomin ButlerCounty,
Ohio, November 9, 1814, and is the son of Robert and Sarah (Wimmer) Jor-
dan, the fornuT a native of Ireland, and the latter of New Jersey. The sub-
ject of this sketch became a resident of this county February 7, 1866, settling
where he now resides. He was married in 1832 to Rebecca Welch, who was
born in Butler County, Ohio, September 12, 1814. She was the daughter of
William and Mary (Burget) Welch. This union was blessed with two children
— Elias P., born April 1, 1833, and Nancy, May 1, 1846. Mr. Jordan's second
marriage took place January 18, 1864, to Hester A, Harris, who was a native
of Butler County, Ohio. The result of (his union has been four children, viz. :
James, born November 5, 1804; Clani J., June 20, 1866; Hannah M., March
13, 1859, and Robert, born March 8, 1863. Mr. Jordan owns a well-'mproved
farm of eighty aorei in Section 30, and is a thorough gentleman, and highly re-
spected by all who know him.

SAMUEL KESLER, farmer, P. 0. Spartan»burg. was bom in New Jersey
January 1, 1819. He is the son of George Kesler, who was also a native of the
above Slate The subject of our sketch left the parental roof when nine years
of age. He first went to Cincinnati, and was employed on a boat plying be-
tween there and Louisville, Ky., but, after making a few trips, he became tired
of river life and concluded to try farming. He found no trouble in securing
the iletirod employment with Amos Barr, a farmer near Lebanon, Ohio, with

GREENSFORK TOWNSHIP.

whom he remained for a number of years. Mr. Kesler has been married three
times. His last marriage took place April 1, 1801, to Mary Curts, who waa
born in Ohio April 1, 1831. She is the daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Roy-
er) Curts. Mr. and Mrs. Kesler have been blessed with three children, viz. :
George W. and Henry, who were born April 18, 1862, and Sarah E., horn Jan-
uary 26, 1884. Mr. Kesler became a resident of this county in 1862, and has,
with the exception of one year spent in saw-milling at Union City, been en-
gaged in farming. He owns a neat farm of sixty acres in Section 86, on which
he resides. He ig an industrious, enterprising gentleman, respected by all

March 22, 1827. He Is the son of Levi W. K. Linzy and Epsey Thompson,
who were natives of the above State. When eleven years old, he was taken to
jMii'aissippi, where he was held in bondage for thirteen years, when he escaped
^i;l came to Shelby County, Ind., where he remained for one year. He then
became a resident of this county, and was employed ot farm work until 186.3,
when he went to Canada, where he remained until 1865, when he went into the
lumbering districts of Michigan, and worked at saw-milliug for one year;
thence bock to Canada, From there to Wisconsin, and was again engaged in
saw-milling until July, 1858, when he returned to this county. He was mar-
ried August 18, 1869, to Nancy Thompson, who was born in South Carolina
July 19, 1844. She is the daughter of William Thompson, who was also a na-
tive of the above State. Mr. and Mrs. Linzy have had born to them ten chil-
dren, six of whom are living, viz. : John F., born October 26, 1860; Charles
B., September .W, 1862; Levi J., October 20, 1864; Casaius E., February 1,
1870; William A., October 24, 1874, and Mary J., April 15, 1877. Mr. Linzy
enlisted in 1864 in Company G, Thirty-third Indiana Infantry. On his way
South, he w»8 taken sick, and remained in the hospital at Chattanooga for sev-
eral months, joining his command again at Raleigh, N. C. From there, he
marched with Gen. Sherman's command to Richmond, Va., where he was again
taken sick. From there, he was sent to MoDougle Hospital, of New York,
where he was discharged May 2, 1865. Mr. Linzy is a member of the M. E.
Church, and highly respected by all who know him. He owns a farm of sixty-
four acres in Section 12, on which he resides.

GEORGE W. MANN, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg, who waa born in Butler
County, Ohio, October 15, 1827, is the son of Thomas and Sarah (Bush) Mann,
who were natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. Mann became a resident of this county
in 1841. He was married in October, 1848, to Willie Wiggs, daughter of Will-
iam Wiggs. This union was blessed with Angeline, who was born May 10,
1849. in 18.50, death entered the home circle, and took fi-om it the estimable
wife and mother. Mr. Mann then battled the hardships of life alone until
January 23, 1863, when he married Lucinda L. Parker, who waa born in Darke
County, Ohio, May 14, 18.30. Her father and mother, Samuel and Elizabeth
(John) Parker, were natives of Pennsylvania, the former born March 7, 1797.
Mr. and Mrs. Mann have had born to them nine ohihlren, eight of whom are
living, viz,, Albert H., born July 9, 18.54; Samuel L., November 12, 1856;
Rhoda B., June 3, 1857; John E., February 16, 1869; Elmira C, October 29,
1860; Minnie L., October 27,1865; Mary E., May 21, 1868, and Ruth E.,
born January 3. 1871. Mr. Mann SPttled where he now resides, in Section 4,
in 1876. He owns a well-improved farm of 102 acres. He is a thorough gen-
tleman, highly respected by all who know him.

JOHN F. MIDDLETON, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg, was bom on the farm
where he now resides November 26, 1842. He is the son of Thomas A. and
Sarah (Borders) Middleton, the former born in Guilford County, N. C, Novem-
ber 5, 1799, and the latter in Virginia in 1804. The subject of our sketch was
educated at the Industrial Academy of Wayne County, Ind. He enlisted Au-
gust 18, 1802, in Company F, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry. Mr. Miudlelon
took part in the battle of Richmond, Ky., where he was taken prisoner, and
after three days paroled and sent to Camp Wayne, at Richmond, Ind., where
he remained for two months. At the expiration of that time, he was ex-
changed and sent to the Uopartment of the Cumberland, under Gen. Grant.
After participating in the battles of Chickasaw Bluff and Arkansas Post, he
went into winter quarters at Young's Point. During Iho campaign of 186:!, he
took part in numerous battles, among which may be luentioned Port Gibson,
Champion Hill, the siege of Viokaburg, etc. Was transferred to the Gulf De-
partment in the fall of 1868. Spent the winUr of 1863-64 at Indianola, Tex.
From there, he was sent to assist in the Red River expedition. He was then
with a marine corps detailed to guard the river between New Orleans and Vicks-
burg until November 1. Thence to Mobile Bay, in the vicinity of which he
spent the winter of 1864-G6. From there to Florida. Thence to the siege of
Fort Blakely, after which he returned to Mobile, where he remained during
the summer. Was mustered out of service July 5. Mr. Middleton was mar-
ried, August 20, 1865, to Serena Alexander, who was bom in Preble County,
Ohio, April 21, 1847. She is the daughter of Clement F. and Rebecca (Parks)
Alexander, the former bom in Ohio May 2, 1817. and the latter in Indiana
December 18, 1810. This union has been blessed with two children— Ida, born
May 19, 1866, and Thomas, born February 14, 1871. Mr. Middleton was
elected Trustee of Greensfork Township in 1880. He owns a fine farm of 128
• acres in Section 2, on which he resides. He is known by many friends and
acquaintances as a sterling gentleman.

JAMES ST. MYERS, f*Tmer, P 0. Winchester. This gentleman, born in
Warren County, Ohio. June 22, 18.34, is the son of John St. Myers, who wiia a
native of Virginia. The subject of our sketch became a resident of this State
in 1837, settling in Wayne County. The event of his marriage took place Oc-
tober 8, 1867. The chosen companion through life, M.irgaret A. Clark, was
born in North Carolina December 16, 1830. She is the daughter of Ivli and
Malinda (Rayl) Clark, who were naUves of North Carolina. Mr. St. Myers set-
tled where he now resides in 1867. His farm consists of eighty acres of well-
improved land in Section 11 ; his buildings are of a neat, substantial class ; he
and his worthy lady have been blessed with three children — John A., bom No-

vember 5, 1868 ; Sarah E., September 3. 1866, and George E., bom September
21, 1873.

GEOEGE W. PERKINS, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg, born in this county
March 10, 1841, is the son of Nathaniel and Mary (Roberts) Perkins, the
furmer born in North Carolina September 29, 1810, and the latter in Ohio April
8, 1820. The subject of this sketch was married, December 31, 1863, to Jose-
phine Austin, who was born in Butler County, Ohio. She is the daughter of
Jesse and Sarau (Chana) Austin. Mr. Ptrkins enlicted March 2, 1864, in Com-
pany H, Oue Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry. He was engaged
in numerous battles, among which may be mentioned, Columbia, Franklin and
Nashville, of Tennessee ; he wi^s mustered out of service September 16, 1866,
and has since been engaged ia farming. Mr. and Mrs. Perkins have been
blessed with five ohildien, vit.: George E., bora May 1, 1864 ; Ulysses G., Oc-
tober 7, 1866 ; Sarah J., August 29, 1869 ; Mary L., March 6, 1871, and Emma
G., born January 7, 1873. Mr. Perkins is a sterling gentleman, and is highly
respected by all who know him.

REUBEN RANDLE, farmer, P. 0. SparUnsburg, born in Preble County,
Ohio, January 28, 1832, is the son of John and Lydia (Sawyer) Randle. The
subject of this sketch has been a resident of this county since 1833. He was
married, January 22, 1856, to Elijabeth Thompson, who was torn in South
Carolina August 24, 1833. This union has been blessed with fuur children, viz.:
John W. E., born March 6, 1858; Mary L., May 22, 1860; Lydia E., October
12, 1862, and Sarepta J., September 16, 1863. Sir. and Mrs. Handle are mem-
bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are highly respected citizens.

JAMES B. BUBEY, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg. This estimable gentle- .
man, born in Union County, Ind., Deeember 25, 1829, is the son of Joseph W.
and Ann (Harlan) Rubey, the former born in Kentucky September 25, 1806,
and the laUer in Union County, Ind., July 14, 1808. Mr. Rubey settled with
his parents on the farm where he now reuides March 7, 1868. The event of his
marriage took place December 30, 1866. The chosen companion through life,
Miss Christina Middleton, was born in this county September 16, 1836. She
is the daughter of Samuel H. and Christina (Tharp) Middleton, the former born
in Westmoreland County, Va., Match 4, 1794, and the latter in North Caro-
lina May 28, 1790. Mr. and Mrs. Uubey have been blessed with two children
—Matthew H., born October 27, 1856, and Mary C, August 3, 1858. Mr.
Rubey is a consistent member of the Christian Church, and is an active worker
in Pleasant Grove Grange, No. 228. He owns 260 acres of land, and may be
classed among the enterprising farmers of this community. His early literary
advantages were such as the pioneer youth generally enjoy ; but nature has
comj,ensated largely for the lack of early opportunities. He believes in ad-
vancement, and is ever found willing to aid in any enterprise that tends to ele-
vate and improve the standing of society.

JOHN. C. RUBY, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg, son of Samuel F. and Jane
Kuby. They were married in Darke County, Ohio, September 16, 1830. Father
was born in Kentucky April 27, 1812; came with his parents to Union County,
Ind. Afterward studied medicine with his brother, James, at Bethel, Wayne
County, Ind., and became a very successful physiciau. About 1842. he pur-
chased the farm now owned by John C, where he died December 31, 1868.
Mother waa born in Pennsylvania February 17, 1818 ; came to Greene County,
Ohio, with her parents, while in infancy, and two years previous to her mar-
riage, she settled with her parents in Darke County, Ohio. John C. was bom
on the farm he now owns December 14, 1843. Mrs. Mary Jane Ruby was born
November 1, 1846, on the farm then and no* owned by her father, James M.
Jackson. They were married, January 7, 1806. The subject of this sketch was
deprived, by death, of his father when in his youth, and being the eldest boy
living, the care of the family and farm depended upon him and his mother.
How well they each done their part, present evidence will show by the many
pleasant homes they eujoy. Enlisted in Company F, Sixty-ninth Regiment Infan-
try Indiana Volunteers, July 30th, and mustered in August 19, 1862. Was taken
prisoner at Richmond, Ky., but was immediately paroled, aud went into camp
at Richmond, Ind., until they were exchanged, when they went to Memphis,
Tenn., where John C. fell ill with the measles; was afterward removed to
Mound City. His brother repaired thilher, and helped to obtain his discharge.
Regaining his health, he again enlisted in his old company July 4, 1864, and
joined his regiment at Morganza Bond, La. Was in all the battles and skiruiiah-
ing that his regiment was eugaged in while he was with them. His time did
nut expire until after the regiment was mustered out, and was transferred to
Twenty-fourth Regiment, Indiana Infantry Volunteers, and was mustered
out in October, 1806. Since then, has followed the occupation of farming. Mr.
Ruby haj one of the pleasantest homos in his township. His farm consists of
132} acres of fine farming land, and the improvements attest the enterprise
and thrift of its owner. They have one daughter — Aura Bell, born October
27,1866. They also have an adopted son— Dilbert (Hunt) Ruby, born June
21, 1869. Mrs. Ruby is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In
politics, Mr. Ruby is a Republican. In domestic relations, a kind, devoted and
indulgent husband and father.

WILLIAM SASSEU, farmer, P. 0. Spartansburg. This estimable gentle-
man, born in Wayne County, N. C, October 13, 1811, is the son of WiUiam and
Susanna (Starlan) Saaser, who were natives of the above State and county.
The subject of this sketch, in company with his mother, came to Randolph
County in 1830. They purchased a farm near where he now resides, on which
they settled. Mr. Sasser was married October 14, 1830, to Elizabeth Ozbun,
who was born in GuiUord County, N. 0. After marriage, Mr. S. rented land,
and was engaged in farming for len years. At the expiration of that time, ho
moved to Hamilton Coumy, Ind., and purchased a farm of forty acres, which
he shortly afterward suld, ami then entered eighty acres, on which he settled
and began to improve, but soon after met with an opportunity to sell out to
advantage, did so and returned to this county; lived on rented land for two
years; then purchased a firm of forty acres near Spartansburg, on which he
resio d for three years ; since then he has bought and sold numerous farms,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

i:-, lie has been an earnest worker in the
.:\< gentleman in all respects. He is the
.. iiniii are living, Tiz..: .John, born July 28,
'"til, May 13, 183«; Susanna, March 23,
lienjamin F., .January 20, 1844; .Sarah E.,
rn October 16, 18.52. Mrs. Sas.ser deceased

e early inhabitants of .Spartansbarg, Greens-

f IJenjiimin R. Shaw, of Spartansburg, and

I'll was born in Bucks County, Penn., in

11 hen a young man ; he was a shoemaker

■'I. I. swopped his shopand stock and town

I 1 1 ,:■• Hii'l 104 acres in the extreme soulh-

ii • : ■ ;. up his residence on the lost

■ ; n- iwi-nty-tive years, and then

- '; l;:imRey, who was brought up
I Sariih hail twelve children,

' - ' I i: -.11.' lime. Mrs. Shaw

:. II, I ■,',; .1',- ^..me of the Shaw

11 ', ' , , ;. 1 i.'rn .Shaw, who was

. ■ ', ' 1 ■ . ; .. -lii-liTn; he resided

', / - ■,.;■.■ ,, ., i,v: i„ politics

, he sold his
lus engaged, u

now successfully engaged. He is a member of Bethel Lodge, F. & A. M.,
Ko. 2.50.

LUTHER TILLSON, farmer, P. 0. Spartansbur-. This estimable gentle-
man, born in Darke County, Ohio, .\pril 18. 1817, is the son of Leonard and
Lydia (Cood) Tillson, the former born ia Vermont November 11, 17'J4, and the ,
latter in North Carolina September 10, 1789. The subject of this sketch was
maiTied. December 20, 1849, to Catharine N. Rhodes, who was a native of
Darke County, Ohio, born March 30, 1827. She is the daughter of Samuel and
.lane (.Jones) Rhodes, the former born in Vermont January 22, 1787, and the
latter in Kentucky October 2, 1793. This union has been blessed with fi»e
children, viz., Rosaltha A., born September 29, 18-58, and deceased August 20,
185.5: Clarissa E., October 14. 1852; William L., September 19. 1850; Harriet
E., November 28, 1858, and Walter A., March 14, 1862. Mr. Tillson has, with
the ejtception of the year 1856, which was spent at Ilillaboro, Ind., resided in
this county since 18-54. He purchased and settled on the farm where he now
lives in 1878. He owns fifty acres of well-improved land. He and hid worthy
lady are members of the Christian Church, and are higlily respected by a large
circle of friends and acquaintances.

JOSEPH H. THORPE, farmer, P. 0. Arba, was born in Wayne County,
Ind., August 5, 1832. He is the son of John and Anna (Middleion) Thorpe,
who were natives of North Carolina, the former born February 10, 1792, and
the latter March 9, 1796- Mr. Thorpe was married November 13, 1808, to
Hannah Clevenger, who was born in MoBigomery County, Ohio, August 9, 1840.
She is the daughter of Thomas and NIary Clevenger, the formev born Septem-
ber 27, 1818, and the latter August 3, 1819. This union has been blessed
with four children, viz., Marshal E. S., born August 7, 1859; Stephen 0. E.,
July 6, 1864; Thomas I. C, May 20. 1870, and Oliver J. R., December 20, 1871.
Marshal E. S. died September 4, 1802. Mr. Thorpe became a resident of this
county in 180St. He owns 125 acres of land in Section 34, o.n which he re-
sides. Mr. and Mrs. Thorpe are members of the Society of Friends, and are
highly respected citizens.

P. M. B. THOMPSON, farmer, P. O. Spartansburg, son of William and Lu-
cinda Thompson ; father was bom and raised in South Carolina; was born May
26, 179C, and died in spring of 1871. His mother was born in Virginia about
1806, and when quite young was taken to South Carolina, where she married
Mr. Thompson. They emigrated to Mississippi about 1843, where they re-
mained about seven years, when they came to this county, and settled on the
farm now owued by the widow and her son, P. M. B. The subject of this
sketch was born in South (jamlina February 4, 1843, and emigrated with his
parents. He remained with them until April, 1863, when he enlisted in Com-
pany F, Fifth United States Colored Troops. Was in the battles of Petersburg,
beep Bottom and Fort Fisher ; also several other hard-fought battles ; waa mus-
tered out in October, 1865. Then he engaged in teaching school, both North
and South, for several years. .September 1, 1870, he enlisted in Company D.
Twenly-fourtli United States Regulars, and did effective service for five years.
Was mustered out September 1, 1875. Since then ha-t followed the occupation
of farming. Mr. Thompson procured a furlough in March, 1864, and came to
Nashville. Tenn., and married Malinda Joiner, when he immediately returned
la his regiment, which was then stationed at Eagle Pass, Tei. They have one
•hiid— David T. Thompson — a bright, promising youth. Mr. Thompson ob
Mined a good education, under theiuslruclion of Prof. E. Tucker, at the U. L /
Institution of Groensfork Township. By indomitable pluck, energy, perse-
verance and intelligence, industry, and by economical and temperate habits,
he has accumulated a nice property. His wife is a member of the A. M. E.
Church. It is almost needless In slate that Mr. Thompson is a strong Repub-

Spartansburg, a native of Germany, was born
dclchior and Elizabeth (Felling) Wise, who
were born in Germany. The subject of our sketch emigrated to the United
States in 1854, landing at New York February 11. From there he went to Cin-
cinnati, and worked in a foundry for six months. Thence to Greenville, Ohio,
where he remained for about two years. Thence to Spartansburg, this county,
where ho chose as his occupation farming. Mr. W'ise was married August 18,
18B0, to Hannah L. P.i.wen, who was born in this county January 27, 1843.
She is the daughter of Ephraim L. and Ruth (Dwigginn) Bowen. This union
has been blessed wiih six children, viz., Elnora L., born November 22, 1801 j
John O., April 21, 1863; Lizzie M., September 15, 1866; Hatlie R., January
22, 1868: Ulrey C, April 21, l870. and Florence 0., born March 7, 1874. Mr.
Wise enlisted, August 9, 1802, in Company F, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry.
He participated in numerous battles. Among which mav be mentioned Rich-
mond, Ky.. Arkansas Post, Port Gibson, Champion Hill" the siege of Vicks-
burg, the Red River expedition, assisting in the capture of Fort Blakely, etc.
Mr. Wise, as a .soldier, had an extensive experience, and was always found at
his post of duty. Mr. Wise owns a fine farm of 120 acres, and is extensively
engaged in farming and the lireeding of fine stock. He is a member of the M.
E. Church, and is known as a thorougii gentleman.

HENRY WISE, fan

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

DESCRIPTION. ]

Contains about forty-foui- square milos, being eiglit milos \
north and south and iive and a half milna oast and west. The I
southern part lies upon Green's Fork and ita.two main branches |
and various smaller ones, and the north part upon tbn head- !
waters of ^Vhitp Itivor and Salt, Sugiir, Sparrow and Eijrht Mile •
Creeks. '

The valley of Green's Fork is a lino botiy of land, excellent and |
fruitful from the veiy first opening of tlie country; and, V)y the [
industry and thrift of the early settlers and the activity of their ' ;
succes-sors, that region has becoino the very garden of llandolph '
County. In fact, the whole township is a llom-ishing .and jiros- t
perous region. The settlement of \Vashington was next after '
that of Greensfork. The first occupation of Greensfork was dm-- i
ing 1814. It is not certainly known that any settlers came into ;
Washington TowTiship in 1814, though two entries of 100 acres \
each, both made by the same person, were done in 1814, one in ;
May and the other in October.

Seven entries were made in 1815 by five pei-sons, in the order
named: Curtis Cleny, Obadiah Han-is, John Ozbun, Paul Beard
and George Frazier. Whether these cnnie fii"st^ and, if so, which
one, is not now known. The testimony acces^^ible would seem ;
to show that settlement was not made for a year or two longer, I
but it appears hardly possible that so many entries should be !
made, and that by persons who became actual and jiermanont i
residents, and yet that all of them delayed so long to occupy ;
their lands. \

To show the uncertainty that rests upon the matter, Curtis ;
Cleuy's entry is made January 7, ISlT), and yet he himself states, '
in his " Ueminiscences," wi'itten by his own hand a few years i
ago, that he entered his land in February, 1817. Paul Beard, j
Sr., entered his land in August, JS15, yet his son. Paul Board, j
Jr., thinks his father did not come till the spring of 1817. |
Jesss Johnson entered his land in November, 1810, Imt his son, j
Silas Johnson, then a lad of sixteen and still living, siivs his I
father came in the spring of 1817.

In the midst of imperfect memory and conflicting statements |
by those most likely to possess correct knowledge, literal aceu- 1
racy is, of course, out of the question. The chronicler can only ]
balance the statements and guess at the truth, with the strong j
probability that he will be wrong at least half the time. Wa.sh- j
ington settled rapidly. Three hundred and twenty acres were j
entered in 1814; 1,120 acres were taken uj) in 1815. in Sections |
9, 10 and 11: 2,080 acres were purchased in 1810 in various j
sections; 2,880 acres were entered in 1817; 8,310 acres were en- •
tered in 1818; 880 acres were entered in 181SI. |

And it is, perhaps, remarkable that among the sixty-seven •
entries made up to the end of 1819, fifty-three were quarter-sec- !
tions, one was u half-section and one a whole section, and not a \
single forty-acre tract in the whole number. This fact goes to !
8hv>w that the settlers of that region wore mostly in middling ;
circumstances, able to raise the price of a quarter-section. And
this goes far to explain the present fact of the easy circumstances !
of the great body of those who are now dwellers in that portion j
of the county. A home of 100 acres made a good starting point, I
and right well, in very many cases, has that foundation been \
built upon, as the substantial wealth and permaneut prosperity i
of the citizens of that township abundantly show. j

The names of the jirincipal pioneers of Washington Town- '
ship will appear in the following list of enti-ios, made up to Au-
gust, 1827, though, of coiu-se, this does not determine the dates |
of settlement, nor the actual settlei-s, as tliey may have bei-n here j
either before or after the entry, or not at all, |

It is a ciu'ious fact how often certain names occur in the cen-
sus of 1880 in Washington Township: e. g., there are 103 John-
sons, 98 Hiushaws. 3H Hodsons, ISO Lykinses, 27 Hutchenses, 20
Kellys, 17 Joneses (including children). In (Jrecnsfork, there
are 49 Bowens, and others still occur with groat ftequency.
Other names, moreover, that were very fre(|uent in pioneer days.
Lave nearly disappeared. But si5 it is, " sic tniiifif (jkiria tnuvdi "
(so jiasseth the glory of the world).

Travis Adcock. N. W. 14. IS. 14. May 14, 1814.
Travis Adcock, S. E. In, 18. 14, October 19, 1814.
Curtis Clenv, S. W. 11. 18. 14. January 7. 1815.
Obadiah Harris, S. W. [.0. IS, 14, Mav 8, 1815.
John Ozbun,S. E. 8, IS, 14, June 1, 1815.
Paul Board, N. E. 10, 18, 14. August 9. 1815.
Paul Beard, N. W. 11. 18. 14. August 9, 1815.
Obadiah Harris, N. E. 15, 18, 14, October 4, 1815.
George Fra'iier, N. W. 9, 18. 14, Octoljer 17, 1815.
John Johnson, S. W. 9. 18, 14. March 2, 1810.
Isaac Cook. S. E. 9, 18. 14, October 8, ISKi.
Seth Cook, N, W. 15. 18. 14. October 8. 1S16.
Nathan Thornburg, S. W, 3!!, 19, 14, October 25. 1S10.
Hezokiah Hockett, N. E. 7, IS, 14, October 2.'., 1810.
Hezekiah Hockett. S. E. 7. 18, 14, October 25. IS 10.
Joseph Hockett, N, E. 4, 18. 14. October 20, ISLO.
William Keece, N. E. 32, 19. 14, November 4, ISIO.
John Pogg. S. W. 17, IS, U, November 7, 1810.
Eleazar Smith. N. E. IS. 18. 14, November 7. 1810.
Jesse Johnson, S. W. 2, 18. 14, November 28. 1810.
Isaac Hutchens. S. E. 15. 18. 11. December 7, 1810.
Barnett Frost. N. E. 9. 18. U, December 21, ISIO.
Enoch Pilsher, S. W. 27, 19. It, Januaiy 9, 1S17.
John Baxter W. .', N. AV. 34, 19, 14, Januan 9, IS 17.
William Conner, N. E. 33. 19, 14, Januarv- IJ, 1S17.
Isaac Hockett, S. W. 4. IS. 14, Febraar^- S, 1817.
Stephen Hockett, S. E. 5, IS, 14. Fobraarv 8. 1817
Stephen Hockett, N. E. S, IS. ]4. Fol.marv S. 1817.
William Milner. S. W. 1 1. IS. 14. M.iv s. 1S17.
Susannah Woodman, N. W. I :.. IS. II, ,)ulv 7, IS 17.
Mordeoai Meiid.mhall. N. .'. 17. is, 11. Au-nf,t. 11. 1817.
Joseph Gess, W. .'. S. Iv 2'.i. I'.i. 14, Aui;ust 11, 1S17.
William Hockett. S. W. 5, IS, 1 I. S.i.tL-mber 12, IS 17. _
Moses Martindalo. S, W. CI. IS, la. Seirt.oubor 15, ISl,.
James Barnes. f<. K. 12. IS. 1;i. September 1.5. 1S17.
A. & E, Hunt, yy. }. S. M . 34, 19, 14, October 2. 1817,
Henry Hodgson, E. h S. E. 0. IS, 14, November 3, 1817.
Andrew Lvkins, Socliim 7, 19, 1 4, December 0, 1817,
Andrew Lvkins, S, K. 12, 19, 13. Deceinlier 0. 1817.
Andrew LVkins. N. E. 13, 19. 13. December 0. 1817.
Morgan McQuany. N. AV. IS. 18. 14. January 0. 1818.
Nathan Ca.se. S. W. 7. 18, 14, Januarv 0, 1818.
Samuel Smith. N. AV. 7, 18, 14. February 10, 1S18.
Caleb Eeece, AV. .'. N. AV. 33. 19. 14, February 14, ISIS.
Albert Banta, N. E. 15. 11), 14, March 20. ISIS,
' Albert Bauta, E. 1 N. E. Id, lU, 14, Mare), 20. ISIS.
Thomas Hester, N. AV. S. IS. 14, March 2r., ISIS.
Stephen Milton, S. E. 27, 19, 14, Ajuil 2. ISIS.
Nicholas Longworth, N. AV. 11. 19, 11. April 4, ISIS.
Zimri Lewis, S. E. 18, 18. 14, April 17. ISIS,
William Lewis, S. W. 18, IS, 14, April 17, 18IS.
Jonathan Haskins, K, ', N. AV. 32. lU, 14, April 24, 1818.
Henry AVvsoiig. W. .', S, E. 10. 19. 14. Ap-il 27. 1818.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Thomas Frazier, N. ^V. 10, IS, 14, April 'Jil. ISIS.
Joseph Rogers, S. W. I'J, IS, 18, Jnii.. 4, ISIS,
Reuben Norcrosa, N. AV. 18, IS, 13, Juuo S, ISIS^
Isaiah Rogers, N. W. 12, IS, 13, June 20, ISIS.
James Lykins, N. W. IS, lU, 14, July 1), ISIS.
Daniel Oshorn, H h S. W. 8, 18, 14, July 12, ISlSj
Mass Brooks. S. W. 10, lU, 14, July 15, 181S.
David Hammer. S. E. 14, 18, 14, July 22, ISIS.
John Fowon, E. ,V N. W. 5, 18, 14, July 27, 1S18.
Joseph Hoekett, N. E. 4, IS, 14, July 29, ISIS.
Isaac Pearson, W. J S. E. 33, lU, 14, August 14, ISIS.
Edward Thomburg, W. -h N. W. 5, IS, 14, September 10, 1818.
Jonathan Willis, S. E. 32, 19, 14, Febraary 12, 1819.
James Abshire, E. ?. 8. E. 33, 19, 14, Juno 30, 1819.
Thomas Phillips. N. E. 12, 18, 13, July 21, 1819.
Joseph Thomburg, Sa \V. 32, 19, 14, August 12, 1819.
Edward Thomburg, N. E, 0, 18, 14, Augiist 12, 1S19.
Edward Thombui-g, N. E. 5, 18, 14, August 13, 1819.
AVilliam Johnson, E. h N. E. 22, 19. 14, Sei-tomber 11. 1821.
Isaac Beeson. E. i S. W. G, 18, 14. November Ti, 1S21.
Enoch Nichols, S. E. IT. 18, 14, December 27, 1S22.
Andrew Hill, \V. h N. W. 3(1 19, 14, November 10, 1S20.
James Abshire, E. .V S. E. 29, 19, 14, January 13, 1S27.
James Abshire, W. I A. W. 28, 19, 14, January 23, 1S27.
Daniel Osborn, "W. ^ S. W. 8, 18, 14, Augtist 22, 1827.

SETTLERS.

The following are mentioned as early settlors by various per-
sons who remember the pioneer period, with the date of their land
entrv when known:

Travis Adcock, May 14 and October 19, 1814, south of Lynn.

Curtis Cleny, January 7, 181 o, near Paul Beard's.

Paul Beard, Sr., August 9, 1815, south of Lynn,

George Frazier, October 17, 1815.

John Johnson, March 2, 1810.

David Konworthy, east of Jesse Johnson.

James Frazier, east of Lvnu.

Isaac Hoekett, Cheiiy Grove.

Francis Frazier, south of Lynn,

Isaac Hutchens, Chei-ry Grove.

Oliadiah Harris, October 5, 1815, CheriT Grove,

Jolm Pegg, November 7, 18 Hi, three miles south of Beard's.

Joseph Hoekett, October 26. 1S1(), Cherry Grov<-.

Jesse Johnson, November 28, 1816, south ol' Ijyun.

John Moorman, 1817.

John Barnes (Wayne County).

Gideon Frazier.

John Baxter, January 9, 1817.

Edwiu-d Hmit, west ()f Lynn.

James Abshire. uortlnvest of Lynn.

Daniel Shoemaker. e;ist of l^ynn.

Stephen Hoekett, February S, 1S17, Cherry Grove.

Edward Thornbiu-g, Septe'mber 10, ISIS, CheiTv Grove.

Samuel Smith, near BloomingsporL

Isaiah Rogei-s, June 20, ISIS, near Blooraingsiiort.

AVashington Townsliip lies iii funr dillereut Congressional
Townships, viz., in Townships IS an,l 10. Range 13, and in 18
and 111, Range 14, with th.. f..llowii,- .ections in each: Town-
ship 18, Range 13, Sectio,,. I, 12 and 13: Townshi]> 111, Range
13, Sections 12, 13, 24,3:,. ,;(); Towisliip IS, Range 14, Sections
west half of 2, 11, 14, Sections 3 to 10, and 15 to 18; Town-
ship 19, Range 14, Sections west half of I I, 14. 23, 26, 35, Sec-
tions 7 to 10, 15 to 22, 27 to 34.

Washington contains about 28.260 arreh of land, mon^ than
10,00(1 of which had been taken n)) williin five years fr.un the
tirst setth^ment.

The preponderating religious element at the first settlement
of the township was (.Quaker. A large body of the pioiieei-s be-
longed to the Friends, and, in a short time, two meetings were
I'staMished, viz., Lynn and CJherry Grove, whir'li have been
maintained in b -vigorous and [irosjierons existence U) the present
time. Oi-lior sociciies, also, found early f(K)ting in that region.

Methodist "Circuit Riders" threaded the whole country, pro-
claiming redemption through a crucified and risen Savior. A
Presbyterian Church existed in 1846, and for soinfi years before
and after that time, called Liberty Church. Other churohes
have been formed and maintained with a more or leas vigorooB
gi-owth for many years past.

We have obtained no very definite information as to the com-
mencement of schools in Washington Township. The history of
that matter in that region is doubtless similar to other portions
in the county. There was no efficient school system, and each
neighborhood went on its "own hook," building something,
though only a log cabin, for a schoolhouae, and employing a
teacher as occasion offered. In Quaker neighborhoods, schools
were held often in the churches, and sometimes schoolhouses
were built near the meeting-houses, and schools were maintained
by the societies. Frequently, the first schools were kept in pri-
vate houses, the teacher taking her pupils into her own dwelling.
Not seldom, some unoccupied cabin would be used for a school-
One of the citizens of the county (not very old, either) re-
lates, that, no longer ago than 1837, he taught his first school in
a dilapidated old cabin in a field, with the chimney-piece all
oj)on (a gi-eat gap in the wall six or seven feet long and as high
as one's head).

Washington contains an excellent population — moral, sober,
industrious, intelligent and thriving. It has several good pikes
and two railroads— the Richmond & Grand Rapids, {)as8ing near
Johnson's, Lynn, Hawkins' and Rural. Another railroad is in
progress east and west, passing near Lynn. Lynn is a thriving
place, and a suburb of Lynn has 1)een laid out as a depot for the
north and south railroad, which is slowly advancing in pros-
There are some antiquities in A^'ashington Township, described
more in detail in the chapter entitled " Prehistoric."

The boundaries of the township are svs follows: North by
White River, east by Greensfork, south by Wayne County, west
by West River.

Township 18, Range 13— Section 1, 1835—1837; Section 12
1817 — 1819, James Barnes, September 15, 1817; Section 13,
1817—1836, Moses Martindale.

Township 19, Range 13— Sections 12, 13, 1817-1837, An-
drew Lykins, December 6, 1817: Section 24, 1836—1837; Sec-
tions 25, 36, 1836.

To^vnship 18, Range 14— Section 2, 1816—1836, James Fra-
zier, David Kenworthv, November, 1816; Sections, 1831—1836;
Sections 4, 7, 18, 1816—1818, Joseph Hoekett, H. Hoekett, Elea-
zar Smith; Section 5, 1817—1819, Stephen Hoekett; Section 6,
1817—1836, H. Hodgson; Section 8, 1815—1827, John Ozbun,
June 1, 1815; Section 9, 1815-- 1816, George Frazier, October
17, 1815; Section 10, 1814—1818, Travis Adcock, October 19,
1814; Section 11, 1815—1831, Curtis Clenv, January 7, 1815;
Section 14, 1814-1830, Travis Adcock, May 14, 1814; Section
15, 1815-1817, Obadiah Harris, October 4, 1815; Section 18,
school land; Section 17, 1817—1822, John Pegg, November
7, 1817.

Township 19, Range 14— Section 7. 1817, Andrew Lvkins,
December 6, 7, 1817; Section 8, 20, 1884--1836; Section 9, 1836—
1837; Sections 10, 14, 15, 1S18— 1836. Albert Banta. Nicholas
Longworth, Albert Banta, March 20, April 4, March 20, 1818;
Sections 11, 17, 1835 — 1836; Section 16, school land; Section
IS, 181S— 1837, James Lykins, July 9, 1S18; Sections 19, 23, 26,
30, 31, 183G; Section 21, 1831—1836; Section 22, 1821—1836,
William Johnson, Septemter 11, 1821; Seotion27, 1817—1835,
Enoch I^ilchor. Jiinuary 9, 1817; Section 28^,1827—1836; Sec-
tions 29, 34, 1817—1836, Joseph Cass, John Baxter, August 11,
January 9, 1817; Section 32, 1816—1830, William Reece, No-
vember 4, 1816; Section 33, 1816—1830, Nathan Thombiu-g,
October 2o, 1816; Section 35, 1830—1837, William Benson (col-
oretl), Febraary 19, 1830.

Washington entries occurred from 1814 to 1837 inclusiTe.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

377

liloomiac/xporf. — Nathan Hoekett, ])ioii>Mftor: location, Sec
tioiis 5, C), 7 and 8, IS, H. southwest of L,\iui; iort.y-ei<^ht lots;
streets. Main, north ami south; High, i^ast and west, lieconled
September 30. 1829. This town is the socund oldest in the
county, having been laid out in 18"JU. Though so old,
its growth was never rapid; still, considerable business has been
done at the place. The proprietor of the town was Nathan
Hockett. Alfred Blizzard built the fiist house. Mr. Boeson
kept the first store. Dr^ Paul Beard was the iirst physician in
the region. There was no physician in Bloomingsporli foi' many
years. Dr. Gideon Frazier lived in the village a long while ago.
Other physicians have been Drs. Gore, Strattau. Kemper, Good,
Coggeshall. etc. Merchants have l^eou Messrs. Beeson, Comfort,
Ballard, Budd. Hyatt, "Wright. Coggeshall, Hockett, etc! There
have lieen a potter's shop, a wheelwright's shop, a saw-milj and
a grist-mill. There are two churches — Methodist and United
Brethren. There is a pike passing through the town, connecting
Lvnn and Economy. There is no railroad, the nearest point of
importance being West Lynn, except that the new railroad
passes not very far from the town. The population is 141. The
business of the place at present is about as follows: Merchants,
Beeson & Bales; drug store and grocery. Smith & Peacock;
smith shop. Albert Hardwick: saw-mill, Hockett & Bowsman:
wagon-maker, J. O, Hutch ens; shoemaker. AV P. Davison: car-
penters, Albsrt Ingle, .John Nichols; jihysician, Dr, Good: cler-
gyman, -J. V. D, IL Johnson (Christian). There are two church-
os--United Brethren and Methodist Episcopal. The Fi'ienls
also hold worship in the village. There is ai-;- n ■ : ■ Jli' :,
and a post office. Thochief residents in the vicin; :i '. i ■
Engle, Jesse Bales, William Stanley, John 11. .. - ;
.\damson, Cady Osborn, Ezra Vandegrift", AViili ii * Hn
Levi Jeasup, Joel Mills, Nathan Johnson,

Bloomingsport, like most of the interior towns in the county,
is much decayed, and its business has greatly decreased. It
is finely located in the midst of an excellent country, and many
active and enterprising farmers reside in the region. There arr
two pikes, one connecting the Winchester & Richmond pike with
Economy, and another nort,h and south through the })lace. Tht<
village is quiet, moral and orderly, and, if the old regime
had continued, might have been a flourishing town. But the
■'railroad era" has changed the entire methods of business and
trade, and towns outside their magic power have been obliged to
succumb and yield, nolmif; rolrnf:, to Iheir iiievitaM'' fate

The distances from ntluT .-ulia-i'iit lnvn^ ;!i-";i- l'wi!c.\v^: I 'arm-
land, 18 miles; Hunt.viil,,, 7 niiU-; l.vnn. 1', i.iih-.; i,..,a,,t>
ville, 18i miles; Kidgeville, I'.ri milrs; Spartai',sl.nro-. lll'^- milos;
Union City, 20i miles; Windsor, 2(» miles; W mohestor, lO.i.
miles; Eural, 9 miles.

The most prosporous time for trio business of the town was.
say from 18(50 to 18()8. There were then three c<msiderable dry
goods stores, two smith shops, oae wagon-maker's shop, and an
extensive and thriving ti'ade was earned on. But now there is
very little business of any kind.

Johnson's Station and Post Office. — Not incorporated; on
Grand Rapids Railroad, two and a half miles south of Lynn, on
Section 15, 18, 14, There is a station and a post office al'l in the
same building. It was established probably at the 0})eniug ol
the Grand Rapids Railroad, The station is in the immediate
vicinity of the residence of Mr. William Johnson, who is a very.
prominent citizen, and it was probably Incatod by his influence
and for his special convenience, not less than for the accommo-
dation of the neighborhood. It is really no town at all, the sta-
tion house being the only building.

/v!/?(»i,— Location, Sections 34, 35. 19, 14, and Sections 2 ami
3, IS, 14, on Richmond & Grand Rapids Railroad, Philip Brown,
proprietor; niuei'^en lots; streets, north and south!. Main; east
and west, Mill, Browj. Recorded Octol)er 4, 1S50, Hunt .V
Jenningri' Addition, Royal Hunt ('firm of Hunt & -Jennings), jiro
p,rietor; forty- four lots; Sheru an strnet, east and west. Re-
corded November 17, ,lS(j(.).

The town was liv.i,4 out by Daniel Freestone about IS IT ;ind
by Philip Brown, inlS50. It is loc.itol on Sections ;!4 and .V^

19,14, and on Sections 2 and 3, IS, 14. about one-half mile

from the Richmond c'.: (J iTiud Rapids itailr.;,; J ;, \ ]Vi,.

.shaw had a st'.iv in ISli. William Londcj' ;,w|,

Dr. Bauk-, was tlir lif.t physician (l.'^47). IK .; .■.\,ii-

ohestev to l'nuiil;i!ii ('ii>, thi'ough Lynn, wi. (> mH <,i.|,, |.ci-
haps amoug the first in the county, or nearly so. The Uichiucmd
& Fort Wayne Railroad was completed about 1S70, The mer-
chants have been Mossi-s. Hinshaw, Tansev, Hunt it Hiu-ris,

Hinshaw & Hodgin. Hiosliaw iV Beard, Elliott & , Freeman

& Jones, Hinshaw .^ I' m, {,,..., ,,. i;;.,- ,.|,. Hinshaw & Hinshaw,
McKown, Sterliiiu. i - - ■ ' -~haw & Cndwallader,

and may be otli'i-- . ' l c. Hinshaw. William

Locke. V/olf, .1,.!,: • : ; ,,, Shute & Locke; drug

^tnr,.., ^!i-ii,^oi, ! ,i, . llolliday Bros. ■; groceries,

11.,, i ;, i; >, ,,;i shop. W. Woods; cooper, .1.

•^ ~ : . ' .V fioudor; tin shop, Brown:

Hni

(>Ml,

. AVa,\

tier, Nichols, Piatt, Pearson; teachers, Ives, Anderson, Lasley,
Marsh, Green, Hunt, Hogston, Polly, Frist, Nichols, etc.; phy-
sicians, Banks, Adams, Hamilton, Alf Hamilton, Blair, Meeks,
Swain.

The present business is as follows: One dry goods store, Cox
& Bro.; one drug and hardware store, Halliday & Bros.; two gro-
ceries, Ingle, Hinshaw; three smith shops, Sugart, Jackson,
Shute & Locke; one butcher shop, John Thomas; one wagon
shop, W. Wood; two physicians, Blair, Hamilton; two hotels,
Stettler, Piatt; two tile factories, Shute & Dove, Frist & Hamil-
ton; one boarding house, W. D. Nichols; one shoe shop, Ecker-
ley; one harness shop, J. Thomas; one church, Methodist Epis-
copal; one schoolhouse, two rooms; one post office, Halliday;
one depot, Nichols; one express office, Nichols; two teachers,
A, L. Nichols. P. Bond (1881).

Di-t::p. ,-|,..ii, !,', i,!il.-s; X,.\v|,ort, GJr miles;

SuowUi' : . •.'.,:'. 'f .i.i!-s; \\li,..L,-t..r. II miles; Spar-

tausbnr..-. ■■ '■.'■. \:!.:,, lU mih-.. HuuIm;!!.., 8* miles;

' '^- . -!■ : ;• - . ■ . an. :ts f.,llows: L. E

( • ■ '■ '■ l;aMM,m. north of

I' .■N. -:l ■ ': .1 '1. i -- 1 i ■ ,.|, lia .l,,l,|l„.il, All)h<-U>

Outland, Charles Potter, south of town; Thomas Moody, east of
town; Jacob Piatt, David Thoni, west of town; Jonathan Bhz-
zard, sotlthwest of town; Thomas Sugart, southeast of town.

There are in Lynn about fifty dwellings, besides business
houses and other edifices, and 239 people. Lynn is not tar from
(iro-n', Foi-K- stiv;i„. ai.l tl,.. cmnf rv ai.miul it is r.xcelk.iit and
w.-H imi.iMv,.,!, I-\i,.. ,-.sia..iic.-~ uv.iv ho .-.v], in ^-vei'V diivetion
I'ik.- I'll ..:.: iV^.m tlic viHagv uorih, soutli and eaJl. There
: linaliii".! Iiy white men for more than sixty-seven
i> ^iiiiiiuj; to enter land in the neighborh(;od in

iimouly employed, sometimes during the summer

the surrouunding towns— Winchester, Union City (nearly), Bar-
tonia, Spartansburg, Arba, Fountain City, Williamsburg, Bloom-
ingport, Economy, etc. The school is becoming so large as
greatly to need at least three rooms and three teachers.

Distances:: Spartansburg, 5 9-10 miles; Arba, 6^4 miles;
Economy, 8 miles; Union City, 19 miles; Rural, 4% miles;
BloomJngport, 4 1/3 miles; Huntsville, 8% miles; Losantville, 14
miles; Fountain City, 6V2 miles; Snow Hill, 3 miles; Wmches-
ter, 9 miles; Richmond, 15 miles.

The country is fertile, and the farmers are thriving, mtelh-
gent and prosperous, and society has a high moral tone. Sixty-
five years of labor, frugahty and thrift, have combined to make

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

the valley of Gr

isfork a

iicliso of comfort, lieauty and

III I be fall of ISSl and winter of 1881-81^, a new railroad
->v:is iMiilt ihr(i'ii;h tho southern part of Kandolpli (bnnty,
roucliiui; j.\ uii. which, when in full operation will add lai-gely,
ilnulille.-^te, to the facilities for business at that point, and, of course,
M its material prosperity. July, 1882, the road has been com-
I iloted, and the cars aa-e running.

Raral — Location. Sections 9 and 16, Township 20, Range 14,
'in the Eichuiond & Grand Eapids Kailroad, between Winches-
ler and Lynn.

Th(> plat of the town (if made) has never been recorded.
The town was sU.rted'about 1870, ou the completion of the
railroad from Richmond. The first spike for the road was driven
at Richmond June 10, 1870, and the track was completed before

^^"^oseph Wood built a shanty, October, 1866, to work on the
railroad; went away in April, 1867, and returned in 1869. In
March, 1870, he set up a saw-niiU. The mill was in operation
six months, and by that time the raih-oad had been made and the
cars began to run. In November, 1871, David Fudge erected a
store The raih-oad company built a water-tank, and named the
stopping-place Wood Station. Mr. Butterworth set up a smith
shop in 1879. More or less grain is bought at the mill and by
W Bales built a store in 1878. Mr. Clawson estabUshed a smith
ship in 1879. More or less gram is bought at the mill and by
the merchants. A post office has been erected by the name of
Rural. The business of the town may be stated thus::

Two stores— J. C. Barnes, A. H. Clawson.

One grist-mill— Mr. Hawkins.

One smith shop— A. H. Clawson.

One water-tank— Railroad company, tended by Mr. Perry.

One ticket office-J. C. Barnes.

One express office— J. C. Barnes. ;

One pgst office— J. C. Barnes. ;

Rural has fifteen dweUuigs and seventy-five peopple. There
is no pike, and not even a cross-road, but only an ordinary pub-;
lie road crossing the raikoad. The village is so healthy that no
physician can live there. The distance to the nearest graveyard

is four and a half miles. Dr. tried it here two years, but

got no practice and left.

Residents in vicinity: Riley Lord, Jacob Lasley, Jonathan
Edwards, Henry Johnson, west of town; Silas Hen^haw, east ol
tovwi; WiUiam Benson (colored), Thomas Watkins (colored),
south of town; Thomas HoUoway, north of town; Joseph Wood,
Alfred Hogston, east of town.

/'.,-..,../> / ■ Th.-v <■■ n i.l.-i.-c v,..,tof Kiu-al called

Dc'ii- : ■ l; ■',, = .: : J, ixt.-ci, voters m two miles, with

'! ';■ I , l.i'wi- fi. Norton: one drv goods

>t.,r. ' ■: !. ! I ..Ml. i-; o,,,. saw-mill. Thomas Cox; one

hi 'CI ii , 1 . I Xmioii; one sewing-machine agent, William

■| li I : '■ :i town, but a sort of hamlet, or collection

of I :i. : 1 .. lontiniiing somewhat closely together for

The name above seems to have been given by some of the
RepubUcans m the region, as the inhabitants themselves are not
aware of the appelation, though the name, indeed, is no dis-
grace, but may be rightly reckoned by the residents to be an
honor conferred, since the meaning of the term, properly under-
stood and appUed, is worthy of all praise— government by the
people; or, as President Lincoln once expressed the true idea, "A
government of the people, by the people, for the people." Such,
indeed, is true Democracy; such, in fact, is true Republicanism.

Distances from Rural;: Arba, ten and a half miles; Bloom-
ingport, nine miles; Bartonia, ten miles; Farmland, fourteen
miles; HuntsviUe, six miles; Lynn, four and one-fifth miles;
Losantville, fourteen and two-fifths miles; Ridpeville, fourteen
miles; Spartansburg, mne miles; Union City, fourteen miles;
Winchester, five miles; Stone Station, nine miles.

Snow Hill.— Section 23, Township 19, Range 14. There is
a locality called Snow Hill about three miles north of Lynn, on

the pike toward Winchester, at the crossing of an east and west
road. There used to be a store at that point, but there never
was any town. The store has. been long discontinued, though
the building yet stands, flush with the pike, to show that once it
had a public natiu-e and importance. The name Snow Hill is
still retained. The same name is sometimes applied, also, to the
jMiint where that east and west road crosses the railroad, which
crossing is also sometimes called Hawkins' Station, and lies
about one mile west of old Snow Hill.

Hawkiii's Station. — On Grand Eapids Railroad, not incor-
porated, in Sections 10 and 21, Township 19, Range 14, in
Washington Township, one mile south of Rural and three miles
north of Lynn, there is a switch and a station, and a cattle-
pen from which to load stock, but no other sign of a town. It
is sometimes called Snow Hill Station, because its location is the
nearest railroad point to (old) Snow Hill, and one mile west of
the ]ioint that formerly wont by that name.

Spriiujljoro. — Cm-tis Beals, proprietor. Location, southeast
CKjrnor of the northwest quarter of Section 29, Township 19,
Range li, between Bloomingport and Winchester, northwest of
Lynn four miles (supposed to bo Joseph Gess) ; twenty-eight
lots; recorded Febiiiary IT), 1834; town extinct.

Whether anything and how much of a town ever really exist-
ed at the point above designated, the present inhabitants ap])ear
to have little knowledge. In the court records is found the
granting of a license to sell goods at Springboro, which would
indicate the fact that in those olden times somebody undertook
to start some business at the infant town.

Rev. Hosea Tilison, in " Reminiscences " of his preaching,
speaks of Springboro as though it were a place then (about 1837
or 1S3S) in existence, which fact shows that the town held its
name, and ])rol)ablyat least some semblance of a town, for some
years, the plat having been recorded in 1834. Pelatiah Bond
states that in his boyhood there was a store and a smitii shop and
a few houses at the place.

Wc.tl Liinri. — On the railroad west of Lynn. Benjamin Hunt,
proprietor: scventv-four lots.

Locution. Section 34, Township 10, Range 14, west of rail-
road Kcoi!'.,! December 24, 1873.

Street.s: North and south, Main, Second; east and West,
Xortli, Main. Cross.

The town was laid out in 1873 by Benjamin Hunt on the
Kiolimond Railroad, half a jnile west of' Old L\Tin. There is but
little growth at the neAV station, the business, of which there is
considerable, clinging witli much tenacity to the old town. There
are a few houses in the new plat and some futui'e time may per-
haps behold what has been denied to the men of this generation,
viz., the sight of a thriving, prosperous and wealthy city upon
the now spiu-se and scattered hamlet of West Lynn.

Quite a sprinkling of business, however, is done at this same
little suburb of old Lynn, that boasts itself to be above its
fellow-towns in " snap " and " grit, " as the following resume of
the transactions of the railroad at the station will clearly show.

Statistics of business done on the Richmond & Grand Rap-
ids Railroad at West Lynn, Randolph Co., Ind., 1880:

Car loads of whe.it, 100; corn, 7; flaxseed, 18; oats, 7; wood,
12; lumber, IT; tile, 10; stock, 141; other things, 24; total,
330. Amount received for freight forwarded, $1 1,202.98; amount
received on ft'eight stopping at West Lynn, §1,912,88; amount
received on ticket sales, §2,053.80; total receipts, §10,829.00.

Bushels of grain shipped, 03,180. W. A. Nichols, agent.

James Abshire was Iwrn AngiLSt 1, 1777: came to the West
early; was in the Indian wai-s, being- onoe three days without
fooci, excel it lilack-haws; settiod in Randolph County, Ind.,
northwest of Cherry Grove Meeting-House, in about 1821, and
resided there till his death, in 1868, a very aged man, ninety-
one years old. He had a large family, some of whom, and
among them two of his sons, Isaac and Berry, are still living m
the same neighborhood.

One of Isaac's sons, A. R. Abshire, is a young man rising
into prominence, who has been for some years a teacher, and

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

379

who was elected, in the spring of 1882, Township Trasteo of_
Washington Township.

James Abshiro was in pioneer days a famous hunter, and in
later life, he delighted greatly in recounting his adventures with
the wild creatures of the forest.

Once, in hunting near a pond, he heard some animal rust-
ling among the bushes. Watching for the creature, as ho sat
there, rifle in hand, out peered the head of the beast, when lo!
it was a bear. A bullet from the trusty weapon suddenly put an
end to the life of the savage monster, and added one more trophy
to those nlroady gained by the veteran hunter.

His acquaintance with the woods was thorough and oxtou-
sive, and he knew the haunts of every flock of hogs in the re-
gion, and when a settlor wished to tind his porkers, all ho had to
do was to go and ask old Father Abshire, and the locality would
be pointed out at once, or the stalwart hunter w .luld set out as a
guide to the identical spot where that paiticnlar herd had its
habitat and its lodging-place.

Mr. Abshire spent his youth among the Blue Kidge Mount-
ains in Virginia. At the ago of twenty-three, ho married Eliza-
beth Overholtz. Soon afterward, he emigrated to Preble County,
Ohio, his goods teing brought through the forests in a one-horse
wagon.

October 8, 1812, he enlisted in the United States Ai'my, un-
der Capt. Richard Sloan, Sixth Regiment, Fifth Brigade, First
Division, Ohio Militia. They were stationed on the frontier, at
Fort Nesbitt, in the vicinity of Eaton, Preble County. He'
served till April 8, 1818.

Onoe, while on a scout, ho was lost, and lived on nothing but
black-haws for three days.

In the winter of 1821, he moved with his family to Randolph
County, lud., settling one mile nortliwest of Lynn, on the west
side of Mud Creek, whore stood a dwelling having neif.her floor,
windows nor doors. An-iving in the night, diu'ing a severe snow-
storm, they built huge tires and camped out. The next day, the
house was made habitable, and they took possession of their dom-
icile. In the sj)ring, they made their clearing, and, before long,
set out an orchard, which is living yet In 1828, lie moved to
the farm upon which his residence continued till his death, in
18G8, at the ripe ago of ninety-one years.

His chikb-en were eight— Aaron, Nancy. Mary, Chloe, Isaac,
Abner, Elizabeth, James B. Chloe, Isaac, Elizabeth and James
B. yet sui-vivo. His wife was born in Maryland in 1773, and
died in Randolph County in 1841.

The births and deaths of the children wore as follows:

Aaron, bom March 3, 1805, died an infant.

Nancy, born March 27, 1807, died in 1878.

Mary, born September 27, 1809, died in 18fi3.

Chloe, bom April 20, 1811, living.

Isaac, bom April 20, 1814, living.

Abner, born July 28, 1810, died in ISoO.

Elizabeth, boru February 4, 1820, living.

James B., born Septemlier 20, 1828, living.

Travis Adcock, south of Lynn, east of the Johnson School-
house, entered the first piece of land in that region in May, 1814,
shortly after Thomas Pai-kor came into the woods west of Arba;
but when Adcock moved to that wilderness we do not know. Ho
may have come the first on Green's Fork. He was one of the first
jurymen (in 1818). He had his name changed, for some reason,
from Adcock to Emery. In alwut 1830 or 1838, he emigrated to
Iowa, and, not very long ago, he was living thei-e still. His res-
idence was south of Lynn, on the east side of the pike, opjiosite
the Johnson Schoolhouse. He was a member of Friends, but
concerning his life in general wo know little.

James Barnes was born in Waype County, Ind., in 18 L7:
came to Randolph County in 1841;' married Harriet Mullen in
1838; has had eleven children, six of them now living. He lives
at the same jilaee to which he first moved. James Barnes is a
Democrat, and is jiroud of the fact. Ho is a tine sppcimon of
the hale and sturdy Western farmer, frank, genial, thi-iving, hiw-
pitw.lo, sincere.

His father was John Barnes, who came to Wayne County,
near Randolph line, in the spring of 1817. He (John Barnes)

had eleven children, ten living, and all married, as follows:
William, four children, dead; James, eleven children; John,
six children; Jesse, two children; Daniel, five children; Betsey,
six children; Eliza, throe children; Caroline, five children; Jane,
two children; Sally, eight childi'en.

John Barnes died in the spring of 1880j aljove eighty yeai-s
old.

James Bames resides on a good farm, with a fine brick dwell-
ing and excellent improvements, some three miles north of Lynn,
on the Winchester pike, a little south of (old) Snow Hill. A son
of his was in the United Shites service in the war of 1861, and
died a prisoner in Andorsonville in the siunmer of 1864,

William Barnes was bora in 1815, in North Carolina. He
came to AVayne County, lud., in 1817. He married Sarah Hogs-
ton ill 1834, and moved to Randolph Couuty in 1837, first to
Gieensfork Township, and then to Washington Township, where
he now resides. They have had six children, four of whom are
living. He is a faimer, a Methodist and a Democrat.

Joseph Baxter was born in 1787, in Pennsylvania; came to
Ohio, and, in 1824, to Randolph County, Ind., near Rural. He
man-ied Sarah Pegg in 182'.). They had six childi-en, as follows:
John, Voru in 1831, eight children; William, bom in 1833, two
children, dead; Jane, bom in 1836, three children, dead; Sarah,
bom in 1838, single, living; Joneph, born in 1841, two children;
Davis, born in 1844, four children.

Joseph Baxter, Sr., died in 1803, yeventy-six years old. He
was a Democrat in politics.

Settlers when Mra. Baxter (Sarah Pegg, daughter of John
PeggK came to Randolph,

Francis Frazier (probably the first), Gideon Frazier. Isaac
Hockott. Paul Beard, Thomas Tharpe, Elijah Brock.

Note. — Mrs. Baxter's father, John Pegg, entered land in
Randolph County November 7, 1810, and probably moved here
about that time. The entries do not always, however, determine
the time of settlement. The entry was made sometimes months,
[xi.ssibly years before, and sometimes not till mouths or even
years after the settlement; and not seldom it was the case that
the person who made the entry never effected a settlement at all.

Paul Beard, Jr., was born in North Cai-olina in 1812, and
came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1817. He is the son of Dr.
Paul Beard, who emigrated to this county at that time, and en-
tered land near Lynn Meeting -House.

Paul Beard, Jr., married Mary Cox in 1833. They have had
"nine children, eight now living and seven married. Their names
are Levi, Ezra, Ann, Asa, Eunice, Louisa, Lindley, Ruth, Henry.
Lindley joined the Sixtieth Indiana Regiment in his eighteenth
year. Mi'. Beard is an Elder in the Society of Friends, and a Re-
publican. His wife is also an Elder. They reside on the farm
entered Ijy Paul Beard, Sr., near Lynu Meeting-House for
Frieads. They are intelligent, sober-minded, pious people, walk-
ing in industry and sobriety of spirit, and in the love and prac-
tice of the truth.

Paul Beard was raised a fanner, and still follows mat avoca-
tion for a livelihood. He is the uncle of Elkanah Beard, who
has become a noted preacher among Friends, having traveled ex-
tensively (as also his wife, who is a preacher) in the East, the
South and the West, they having been missionaries to India,
etc. Thowifeof Elkanah Beard is Irena Johnson, grand-daugh
ter of Jesse Johnson, one of the earliest pioneers of the township.

Benjamin Bond was born in North Carolina in 1797; came to
Wayne County. Ind., in 1811; mari'ied Ellen Goldsmith in 1827;
she taught the fii'st school in Milton, Wayne Co., Ind. They
have had nine children, all sons; six lived to be grown, and all
the six were soldiers in the Union anny in the war of 1861,
Samson was in a Minnesota regiment, and was discharged for
disability. Hezekiah was in the First Minnesota, and died in
Sali.sbm'y Prison. Benjamin was in the Eighth Indiana and in
the Third Cavalry; died in five months, in the service. Pel&tiah
wiis a member of the Eighth Indiana (three months), and in the
Forty-first Indiana; served throe years and one month. Daniel
WHS in the Firet Minnesota, and served in the Eastern army;
was captured at Petersburg in 1804, and spent many sad and
weai-y months in various prisons — Libby, Andereonville, etc.—

3S0

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

escaping nt last from t.he guard upon a march from one priwon to
another; he .served fom- years in all. Eclwai-d, in the First Min-
nesota Heavy Artillery, served nine months.

Three of the boys are living, :ind all have l)cen teachere of
long standing and superior ability. I'elatiah and his wife were
for several years missionary t(>ach".>rs for tlie Frien.b among the
Ottawa Indians, in the northeastern jiai't cf llie territory. For
several yeai-s last jiiist, he has resided in Lynn, engaging in
teaching, in book agencies, etc.

Daniel Bond, broth<-r of Pelaiiali. has I.,«en and still is an
enterprising and successful teacher. U.' has (au-lil lliiv,. vmrs
at Spartansburg, several vears in Westlieid, ll.-,inilfnn C.niitv.
basides other places. Daniel ]5oud is a tlion.nuh s(udent, mak-
ing also himself substantial and rapid im[)rovement while im-
piU'ting information to others.

He has now (18S1) left the business of teaching, and removed
U) Science Hill, Ky, , buying a farm M'ith the intention of raising
fruit He has been twice msu'ried, and his secoud wife is still

All the sons of Benjamin Bond have been residents of that
Northern fi-ontier State, Minnesota.

A cousin of Benjamin Bond (the elder) was the first white
child born in Wayne Coimty. His name is AViliiam Bond; ho
was born on the present site of I'jarlham College, near B i<^limoud,
in 1«08, and he is living still. When Benjamin Bond came to
Wayne County (1811), there were Imt two or three houses in
Richmond.

Benjamin Bond came tf) Randoli)h County in lS:il ; entered
forty acres of land on Sparrow Creek ; moved afterward to Wash-
ington Township, in 1837, and to Minnesota in 18,") 1, rotuniiug
to his old f ami in Randolph Clounty in 1 Ku.

Preparing a farm in Kansas, and exjiecting a removal thither,
ho died in that State while on a visit to his son I'elatiab, in
1875, seventy-eight years old. His widow is living still with
her son Daniel, at Science Hill, Ky. ; she was liorn in ISO:!, and
is now eighty years old, but is w'ond(>rfally vigoi'ous for one of
her ago. Wlien nearly eighty, .she would cari-y' her marketing
two and a half miles on foot, and retui'u the same forenoon,
without fatigue; and in Kentucky she seems now more sjirightly
than when in llandolph.

We here give rominiscnees of Curtis Cleny. r.-ad at Old Set-
tlers' meeting, June, IMiS:

"I was born in Orange l!i>n)it\, N. C. in IT^o. and am now
more than oighty-livo years old.' 1 was shifted from phuM; to
place when I was a child, and got no learning. I di^termined to
leave Carolina, and came to Elkhorn. in Ohio, near Westville,
six miles from Richmond. In.l. in IMi:!. In 1S12, 1 volunteered
in the United States i.vnu. We set <mi. for P.'froit. Init the

were ordered back 1,. il.c frontier. Onr re-inient was station,-,!
at Whitehead, two mill's ;il,ov.. Willi;iinsl,urg, W:ivii,a:o., In.l.
We had to scout all th,' time, Imt \v,mv In no b.-illi,'. 1 was up
Greensfork to th,- Beard s,-ttl,Mn,-nl. A .i.-er lick was foun.l on
Paul Beard's land, and I liav.. oflen shot .U-y Uin;.. I was a
soldier thn^e months ami tw,'ntv ,la\s, an-l \\as h,.n,,rahlv ,lis-
chargod. I bought my lan.l Fi'l.ruaiy |:',. ISIT. lu-lon- Uand,.!).]!
was a county."

[NoTE.-^Tho tract book giv,'s Cnrlis Ck'UvV entrv as In-ing
Januaiy 17, 181"). two vears b,'for,' le. ,l,-it,-s Ihe transa<''ti,jn liini-
aelf, aiid before Indiana becam,' ,-i Stiil,'. On,- \voul,l sn|.|),)s,'
Mr. Cleny would bo correct. P,tIi,-,|is h,- i>, but the li.nnvs an-
as here stated.]

"The lii-st year I packed njv ni<-at thirty niil.vs on mv back.
Breadstuff was scarce enougli. ■ Salt was si. a bnsbi-l, an,l'w,'t at
that. I could tell many hjii-dshijis, but I f,,rbc-ar. Jb.st ,)f th,-
pioneers m-o gone. Ten j'eaJ-s )nay perhaps s,-e the last ag,',l
head laid low in death and behold the last pioneer iiass
im t) his rewui-d. May God i)roparo us for His glorious rest!

[Mr. Cleny himself was summoned homo not very long after
this W!i8 written by his trembling hand.]

Mr. tUeny was born in North Cm-olina in I7S:1; cam,- t,,
Westville, Ohio, in ]80;5; entered the Vniti-d States Army m

1812; served three months and twenty days, and was honorably
discharged; entered his lanil southeast of Lynn Jantiary 17,
1815. and moved to it soon afterward.

Twelve children were born to them, ten of whom gi-ew to man-
hood, and live are living still. Ho remained among men, indeed,
t<j a ri])e old age, even to fourscore years and ten. ]\Ii-. Cleny
was a Baptist, belonging to the Concord Church of that faith in
Wayne County.

His life was during an eventful time. Born in the year of
111,- p,-aci- with Gn-at Britain after the Revolutionary stniggle,
h,- ,anio to til,- h.-ar( ,if the mighty West the year aft«- Ohio be-
,-,niie a Stilt,-, th,- first lioni otl'spri'ng of the famous ordinance of
fi-e,-dom; look part in tla- second war of independence while yet
in his early prime: hel[)(!il Indiana to begin her race for renown,
having become part owner of her Territorial soil the year before
slie became an equal member of the glorious sisterhood in the
bright galasy of States that form the American Union, and for
well-nigh threescore years remained a citizen, sharing the hard-
ships and the toils, ,and the hardy pleasiu-es and the rugged de-
lights also, which her noble pioneers know so well how to draw
from the laborious life they were obliged to lead. He even over-
lived his time. He remained a ]iioneor till pioneer times and
perils and ways were over and done, and forgotten except by a
scattered few, who, like him, hail outlived their generation.

He was old enough to vote at thi^ election ior Jefferson's sec-
oud t(n'm, and h,^ n-mained a citizen of the Republic until he
had voted for Gen. Grant the second time— an interval of seven-
ti-i-n Pr,-si,lential t,-iins. or sixty-eight years! So short is our
national hisbiry that a siii-h- human life can cover it all!

(reorge A\'. l),-il\ w.is l-oniin Cavin County, Gavin Town, Ire-
lan,l. about IT'"'. |irMl,,il,l\ of wi-althy parents. He came to
AmericaVhi-ii yomiL;-. and ,-oiii|,l,.t,-d his education inNew York,
rec-ivini,' a <-l,issi,-;ii tiainin^ in on,- of Ihe colleges there. He
studii-,1 law. imd |.rii,-ti,-,-,l awh il,-. hut b,-,-.amo disgu.sted at the
too fr,'iin,-nt Ivicki-rv !in,l iol;u,-iv inci,t,-nt in that profession,
an,l r,.rsook th.- law.'lakin- up flu- vocation of a teacher for the
rest of his life. He ti-av,-l,-,l ,-xt,-nsively in Anu-rica and Em-ope
for yeai-s, afoot an,l ahm,-, all ov,-r Xew England and the South
and West, an,l in Fran,-,-, (rn-at Britain, etc., afterward ju-actic-
ing law. ehi,-t1v in Fi-aidclin C-unt^:. Ind. He was at Winchester
in th,- pra,-li,-,-,,r th,- I,--;il |.n.f,-ssion bef,3re the fir.st com't house
was built, lb- ,piit th,- law about lS2:i. His wife was Catha-
rine (.:hn Ion. ,lani;-ht,-r of .l,.hn ('lavton,of Virginia. He resided
at lirst. all,-r his marriag.-. at Franklin, Ohio, on the Miami
River rem,)v:ng afterward to Preble County, Ohio, and finallv,
in 1SP2. to Ran,loli)h Connty. Ind., three miles northwest of
Lvnn. si't ling ui),ni a tri-.ctof T2(l acres entered by him in about
18'-'-".. His t,-achini,' was d,.ne mostly in Preble County, Ohio,
ilmiii- 111,- tall and wint,-i-, -,,ing back to that region in the fall.
,■111,1 n-tiuiiing to s|.,-n,l th,- suinni,-r. He had a high reputation
as a l,-;ich,-r. .-md many m,-n. afterward iirominent in that section,
w<-r,- inil,-bt(-<l to his instructions. His family mimbered ton
ight lived to bo grown; five were mai-ried, and six

:'.li-. Daiv

irkah

•eticent, saying very little of his

ust have been of tmusual interest, but

led with him. His character was one

H,- was a Catholic in religion, and

-r the,, Id style.

at the age of seventy-six. His wid-
ven or si-ventv-eight voai-s i)ld. strong
They had eight children when the
iana woods, an active group of wide-
it tin- farm while their father taught
it in the handets and towns of Preble

., M.->

as fol

i;an,Ioli,li

II war from Butler County,
' of R,^dk,-y, Jiiy Co., Ind., ten

'. Democratic candidate for

\\illiani .\le\an,l.-r Washington (W. A. W.), given hereafter.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

llobert, belongwl to tlio Sixty-ninth Indijina, Comimny B;
died of wounds rocoived ut Itichmond, Ky., ten days aftor the
battle.

Georgo W., married Maggie Keinj), of Hillsl)oro, Wayiio Co.,
lud.; has no children, and lives with his mother at the homestead.

Joshua, has one child and lives in Jay County.

Prancis, resides at Chicago: hiis fom- children and is a cm--
{wnter.

Charles, died at ten years old.

Mr. Daly died worth about §4,(H)0.

W. A. W. Daly, ex-Sheriff of Kandolph County, Ind., was
bom in 1833, in Preble County, Ohio; oameto Kandolph County,
Ind., in 1843; joined Company B, Ninetieth Indiana Regiment
(Fifth Indiana Cavalry), enlisting August 25, 1802; was capt-
ured July 31, 1864, released March, 1805, and mustered out in
June, 1865.

Ho married Mary Henshaw in 1857; has had nine children,
eight living; is a farmer, and an active, energetic and prominent
citizen. He has held the office of Sheriff of Kandolph County
for four years (1874—78), discharging the duties of his position
with honor to himself and to the satisfaction of the community.
Mr. Daly is exceedingly earnest and enthusiastic as a Kepub-
lican, the memories of his war experience and of his sacrilices
for liberty and union clinging to his heart like his very life.

He erected a fine residence, during the simuner of 1880, on
his farm, two and a half miles north of Lynn. On his birthday
in 1880, his wife and family and friends contrived a perfect sur-
prise, managing so adroitly that, without the lea.st shadow of
suspicion on his part, a company of some one hundred and lifty
relatives and friends assembled at his now and elegant mnn.sion.
" Will " owned he was beaten for once. But ho gave in like a
man, and surrendered the fort without even a show of resistance;
and for some three hours that happy company drank deeply of
the sweets of social intercourse, and saw with sad regret the hoiu-
arrive which bade them sepai-ato, departing each one to his homo
and to his business.

James Frazier came from North Carolina to Cowan's Creek,
Clinton Co., Ohio, in 1811, and to Randolph County, Ind., in
1817. settling one mile east of Lynn.

He entered 160 acres of land at Cincinnati. His wife's
maiden name was Susanna Stanley. She was Iwrn in North Car-
olina in 1767, and he in 1772. He died in 1822. a))out five years
after coming here. They had ten children, all of whom were
born before Mr. Frazier came to Randolph, and seven of whom
came with their father to the county. Three wore probably mar-
ried in Carolina and stayed there. The names of the children
are given below:

Lavina (Hodgins), 17!)3, ten children, died in Iowa in 1800.

Samuel, 1795, Mary Cook, ten children, farmer, died in lowu
in 1845.

John, 1798, Sarah Kiff, two children, died in 1824.

Betsey, 1800, Robert Hodgins, four children, died in Iowa
years ago.

Francis, 1802, Lutitia Olearwaters, eleven children, Itandolph
County, Ind.

Sally, 1804, Anuel Hodgins, four children, died in Iowa in
1875.

Susanna, 1806, married three times, three children, widow,
Towa.

James, 1809, Folly Nichole, four children, Greensfork.

Mary Ann, 1811, John Graham, tvo children, Iowa.

iBaiah, 1814, twice married, six children, AVisconsin. The
children became all grown and were man-iod and had families.
Seven came with their father to Randolph County. James Fra-
zier was a bell-maker, andso was his son Francis, who is .still alive
(1880), seventy-eight years old, and claims that he can make upon
his anvil a better razor than can be bought at the stores.

The Garretta. — Nicholas and Thomas Garrett, orphans, came
from Virginia to Belmont County, Ohio.

Nicholas Garrett mai'ried Mary Ellis, and in about LS41,
movrd to Cherry Grove, Randolph Co., Ind. He had seven chil-
dren:

Amos, lives at Warsaw, Kosciusko Co., Ind., tradesman.

Ivnn. livi>s in Dallas County. Iowa, farmer.

Ann (.M;MUi..wH). Hv.-s in Dallas County, Iowa, fi'trmer.

Mary (I'liillips), livc-d ;,t M.uicie, Wni-snyf, ..fc, l,ut is dead.

Elizabeth (T.ottoi). Chcrrv Grove, In.l.. .lead.

Henry, died at Dallas C!onntv, Iowa.

Elisha, resided at Winchester, Ind., I)\it died at. Cleveland
AVater (Jure, Cleveland, Ohio.

Nicholas Garrett died many years ago. Concerning Thomas
GaiTett, we have no further information.

Nancy Hinshaw, AVashington, has had eleven children. All
became grown, were married and had families. The youngest
wa.s thirty-seven yeai-s old when the first one died. The old lady
is living now not ver\ far fi'om (old) Snow Hill, and ten of the
eleven children still siuvive. She has sixty grandchildren and
thii'ty-seven great-gramlchilih'on. Her hu.sband was an early
[)ioneer of Randolph, being in politics a Democrat of the Jack
sonian type, and his aged widow is still enthusiastic in the same
faith. She is some cnghty-four j'ears old, hale and hearty and
sprightly. Her daughter is the wife of AV. A. AV. Daly, Esq.,
ox-Sheriff of Randoljth Cbnnty.

Jacob A. Hinshaw came with his mother, Phebe Hinshaw, to
AVashington, south of Lyim, in 1832. She entered land where
Jacob A. Hinshaw now lives. J. A. Hinshaw married Penianah
Scott in 1815, and has had eleven children; ten are now living,
and four married.

He was raised a Friend, but afterward joined the Methodists.
He has been active in various kinds of business, with reasonable
success, having been able to do what many have failed to accom-
]>lish — i. e., to secure for himself and his family a comfortable
livelihood.

S;iranel Jennings was born in 1801), and came to Randolph
County, Iiiil.. ill 1S25. Ho nian-ied JIary Sexton, and had eight
cliildrcji, lie settled one and a half miles east of Johnson's
Stalii.ii; iiiicivcl eighty acres; Avus a farmer, and a Democrat.
He die! in 1M„-., lieing sixty-five years of ago.

Ji>sso .J.iliiiv.in was bom in North Carolina in 1776. He was
married four times— first wife, Elizabeth Chamness, born 11th
month. 1 nil, 17U1I. dind 0th month, 20th, 1827; second wife,
Rhoda Swain, inarrird 10th mimth. 20tli, 1828, died 6th month,
3d. 1837; third wife Xaiiev Tomlinsou. married 8th month . J 3th,
JS3S, died 'Jth month. 27th, 1S17; fointli wife, Sarah Baldwin,
married 2d iuoi,tli, Mli. LS-"..-., living still.

Je.ss., Johnson died 5th mouth, lUili, 1853, aged seventy-nine
years live months and ten days. He emigi-ated from North Caro-
lina to AVarren County, Ohio, in 1807 or 1808, and to Randolph
County, Ind., south of Lynn, in 1817.

Ho had six children, three of whom are still living. Their
names, etc., were:

Jonathan, born in 1800, had fom- children; lived at Cherry
Grove, and died in 1802, in his sixty-thii-d year-.

Silas, bom in 1802, has had twelve children; lives south of
Lynn.

Sally, has three children.

Eli, has eight children; lives in Hamilton County, Ind.

John, had fourUnm children; died wo.st of Lynn," Ind.

Simon, had nine children; is not living.

Jesse Johnson was a prominent citizen in the pioneer period;
was the first Tvr.-iHurer of Randolph County, and hold other posi-
tions among his fellow-citizens, showing the trust reposed in
him. Ho was in religion a steadfast Friend, and a AVhig in

John Johnson was born in Ohio in 1812: came with his fa-
ther, Jesse Johnson, to near Lynn in 1S17 (probablv); mai-ried
Phebe Thornhurg in 1830; then Rebecca Roclchill. He had ten
chiUb-en by his Ih-st wife, and twelve by the second. Just half
(jf each s(-t are now living— eleven in all; seven are man-ied.
His first \vife die<l some years ago; the second is living now.
Ho died in IS71. His residence was two miles north of Bloom-
ingport. Ho was a memlwrof the United Brethren ; afterward,
of the Christians (New Lights). He was an Abolitionist and a
Republican.

Jonathan Johnson (son of Jesse Johnson, south of Lynn) was
born in ISOO ii, ,N,„tli (Carolina; came to Randolph (bounty.

382

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Ind., with hiH father; maiTietl threo times — first, Ann Frazier,
daughter of Francis Frazier; secomi, Huldah Way, daiigliter of
Nathan Way; third, Jane (Moore) Small, widow of Josiah Small.

He had four children, and diod in ^he spring of ISfi'i.

He was a Friend, lieing Elder in his twenty-sixth year, es-
teemed and trusted, with excellent judgment.

He was verj' earnest in attendance upon religious meetings,
rising before daylight in the summer, and working several hours,
going sixteen miles on horseback from Cherry Orove to White-
water to attend week-day meeting.

Joshua M. Johnson was born in 1831, in liandoljih County.
Ind. ; married Amanda Pegg, daughter of Keuben Pegg, and has
had thirteen children; twelve are living, and one is married.

He is a blacksmith and a farmer. He has been Postmaster
twenty-sovon years. He is a Republican. Two of his brothere
are New-Light preachers — George and Isaac. (The last is often
called "Alphabet" Johnson, his whole name being I. V. D. R.
Johnson- an extensive name, siu'ely.)

Mrs. Gray, of Buena Vista, has been the mother of seventeen
children by two marriages.

Ruth (Moody) Johnson is the wife of William Johnson, of
Johnson's Station. She has been a recorded minister among
Friends since about 1 S58. She has trav(^lod through Ohio and
Iowa, and elsewhere, as a preacher. In 1862, she pursued her
work of faith and patience throughout seventeen counties in
Iowa, mostly among Friends, and she was everywhere received
with kindness and in Christian love. Her work was approved in
the Lord by Friends, aud she felt many times the tokens of gra-
cious acceptance from the hands of the Master.

Friend Ruth is humble, gentle and faithful, and hiT soothing
wortis come down as the rain, and distil like the tender dewdops
upon the 8])riuging grass.

Silas Johnson w;is born in 1802, in North Carolina: came
with his father to Randoljih County, near Lynn, in 1817; was
married twice — first, to Betsey Cook, and second to Lydia Bond
— and is the father of twelve children — three boys and nine girls.
He is still living, hale and sprightly, sevojity-nino years old.
His second wife is living also.

He is a farmer, aud a Friend. He was an Abolitionist, and
is a Republican.

His home is just .south of Lynn, on the east side of the pike
from Lynn to Fountain City.

He is the son of Jesse Johnson, one of the ol.lost |)ioneers of
that section, being a lad of alxmt fifteen years at the time of*
their emigration from Carolina.

William Johnson, son of Silas Johnson, was born in 182;}, in
Randolph County, Ind.: married Ruth Moody, daughter of Isaac
Moody, in 1843. Theyluni' Iki.I twelve cbildrcu: Mueu are liv-
ing, and four are marric(l. One daut^'bLci'. who died. h:Hl been
very gay and vain and in-oad. Imi she w:h su ehunged as to pos-
sess a sweet, gentle, sul)iuissive ii'in|iei', Iiore hei' painful siekne.ss
with the utmost patience and resignation, sang for very joy as
she lingered on these time chores, and went home at last exultant
in a Savior's love. Her mourning friends preserve lier memory
as a priceless treasure.

William Johnson is a farmer l)v vocation, a member of the
Friends, and an Elder among them; an active aud influential
citizen, and in every way a worthy and valuable membm' of society
and of the community. He has :i r;iilro;id station at his place,
and a post office has lieen eslalilisherl (hin'e (Johnson's Station), of
which oflice he is Postiiia^iei-,

Ho is an enthusiast in wliiitever h.. tries to accomplish, and,
within two <n' tlu-ee yeais, has undertaicen bee culture, which
ho presses with all the vigor of his nature, and with reasonable

Isaac Moody was born in Gravson County. Va., in IT'.K); came
to Ohio in 18li; married M.iiv Heast,.,,. fn,™ P,.nnsvlv,inia. in
1823; emigrated to Uaii.l. ii|,l, (.oiiiitv in the s.m,.. veiir, and set-
tled near Lvun, east of .laiiK's Fia/ier's. He had ..nlv two chil-
dren, and was a " Bodv Fi-iend.'^ lie was ni earlv liiii,-s a Wliig.
and in later years a Ropublicaii. He lived a fiinner, and died
in 1865, sixty-eight years old. His .laughter Kiitli bas ))eoonie
iin acceptable and weighty minister aMKUig I'^rieiuls. ;i)id has

traveled much in the bearing of her messages for Christ, greatly
to the edification of bolievei-s in Jesus, and to the comfort of His
humble, waiting, trusting children.

Samuel Moody was the father of Isaac Moody, and the grand-
father of Ruth (Moody) Johnson. He was born about 1760, in
Pennsylvania (or Virginia). His father came from Ireland.
Samuel Moody came to Ohio in 1814, and to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1821, near Lynn. His first wife was Jane Cox, and his
second wife was Jane Cadwallader. He had fotir children; was
a Friend and a farmer. Ho died in Ohio in 1825, about sixty-
five years old. He was faithful in testimony, loving in spirit,
and exemplary in the practice of Christian doctrine.

John Moorman was born in Richmond County, N. C, March
23, 1760; married Rebecca Diggs about 1783, and came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1816. They had ten children:

Anna, who married George Wilson.

Judith, who became the wife of Thomas Senders, of Ohio.

Achsah, whom Paul Way married.

Rebecca, wife of Alfred Clark.

Polly, died.

Julia, married William Braden.

And there were four others besides.

He came to Indiana with all his children, two of them mar-
ried—Anna (Wilson) and Achsah Way.

He settled northwest of where Johnson's Schoolhouse now
stands, south of Lynn. He died in 1845, eijjhty-five years old.
He was a farmer, a Friend, a Whig and one of the earliest settlers.

John Moorman, Jr., son of John Moorman, Sr., was born in
Carolina in 1807, and was brought to Randolph County, Ind.,
by his father, in 1816. He married Agatha Butler, and they had
two children. He died in 1866, aged fifty-nine years; and she
died in 1875, at the age of sixty -two years.

Henry D. Nichols, Lynn, was born in Randolph County, Ind.,
in 1832, in Greensfork Township; married Elizabeth Gray in
1854; has had eleven children, nine of them living and three
married. He moved to Lynn in 1864, and has lived there most-
ly ever since as farmer, carpenter, merchant, clerk, boarding-
house keeper, hotel keeper, etc. He has been School Trustee
four terms. Township Assessor three years, etc. He belongs to
the Disciple Chm-ch, and is a Republican in politics; his father
used to bo a Democrat, but changed to the Republican party in
1856. H. D. N. is the son of Malachi Nichols, and the brother
of Isaac Nichols, of Greensfork. One of his sons is railroad
dgentdt Lynn; another, A. L. Nichols, is an enterprising and
successful teacher, having been engaged in the work some eight
years, attending several terms in the meantime at Terre Haute
State Normal School. He was. in 1880 and 1881, employed as
Principal of Lynn Graded School, and now resides at Winches-
ter, being engaged in the study of law.

Valentine Pegg, Wayne County, was born about 1743 in Mary-
land; he had two sons in the Revolutionary army; he moved to
North Carolina during that war: ho came to Wayne County,
Ind., in 1808, aud died about 1820. an old man, eighty-three
yeara old.

John Pegg, son of Valentine Pegg, was born in Maryland in
1770; moved to North Carolina during the war of the Revolu-
titm; married Margaret (Davis) in 1792, born in 1773; they had
seven children. He died in 1847, seventy-seven years old; his
wife died in 1856, oighty-thi-ee years old. Their children were
Mary (Pearson), torn in 17U3, six childi-en, died in 1879, eighty-
five years old; Ruth (Pearson), born in 1795, four children, died
in 1876, eighty-one yeai-s; Davis Pegg, 1798, seven children,
living in Wayne County; Sarah (Baxter), 1800, six children,
living in Randolph County; Valentine Pegg, ]803. nine children,
living in Wayne County; Lydia (Massev) 1805. two children,
died in 1849;" John Pegg, 1809, nine .children, living in Wayne
County. John Pegg, Sr., son of Valentine Pegg, as above
given, entered land in Randolph County November 7, 1810, and
moved to the county not far from that date.

Valentine Pegg, son of John Pegg above named, is now an
old man of seventy-nine years; has a family of nine children.
He and they are noted for their mechanical genius; they build
their own houses, do their own blacksmithing, etc. One invent-

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

ed a superior tbroshing machine. Mr. P. is eccentric in his
thoughts aad words, quaint but clever, old-fashioned but genial
and hospitable, greatly confident of his own opinion, and a
stickler for personal liberty.

Thomas Phillips came in 1821, being born in about 1790; he
died in 1872, about eighty-two years old; he was an intelligent
and enterprising citizen, an enthusiastic Republican, an ardent
Methodist and a fi-iend of every good work. His widow is still
living, in her eighty-ninth year, sprightly and active, able to
cook and wash dishes, and altogether a notable specimen of pio-
neer strength and hardiness. Thomas Phillips came from New
Jersey; he married Rebecca Hammett; they had nine children,
six boys, three girls; eight grown and married; seven living still;
one son, John Wesley, was killed at Milford, Kosciusko County,
Ind., as he was on the cars returning from a political rally ad-
dressed by Hon. Schuyler Colfax, as the result of throwing stones
by a gang of villainous rowdies at the cai-s crowded with people.
Thomas Phillips' son, William Phillips, resides at Blooming-
port, and is a wide-awake, thoroughgoing citizen, a life-long
Methodist, a bravn and efficient soldier, and an enthusiastic and
reliable Republican.

William Rash, born in the Carolina region in 1780; came to
Wayne County, Ind., among the very first; was married there
under the first license ever issued in the county; served in the
war of 1811-13 against the Indians; moved to Randolph
County, west of Bloomingsport, in about 1817, and resides
there still, being about ninety -six years old, nearly or quite the
oldest man in the county. An eventful life, truly, has that of
this aged veteran proved to be. Wo should be glud to give a
more detailed statement of the family and the history of this
hardy pioneer, but we have not the requisite information at hand.

Eli ReecB, Cherry Grove, was born in North Carolina April
10, 1804; he has been married three times; his first wife was
Matilda Greenwood, married in Randolph County in 1828; she
died in 1854. His second wife was Elizabeth Arnold, of Arba,
in 1856; she died in 1807. His third wife is Mrs. Cynthia
(Maulsby) Pickering, married in 18CS. He had seven children
by his first wife: six of them became grown and were married,
but only one is living now. He settled first on Green's Fork,
three miles southwest of Lynn (town); then a mile south of
Cherry Grove; then, in 1860, he moved to his present home, near
Cherry Grove Meeting- House.

Mr. Reoce was not a Friend by birthright, but joined them
when about twenty-eight years old; he has been an Elder among
Friends for about thirty years. He returned to Carolina upon a
visit to that State in 1841, and again in 1857. The Friends in
Carolina form a yearly meeting in that State of pretty good size.
Before the war, the Southern Friends hail loft in great nimiljers,
so as almost to break up their " yearly meetings " there, Init since
the war they are increasing, and the Carolina CJuaker.s are a
growing body. Mr. Reeoe, although almost eighty years old,
seems young and lively; to appearance, ho is no more than sixty-
five. When he emigrated to this State, Mr. R. was pooi-. and
had to^ " rent " land, being obliged to earn money here to buy a
homestead for himself and his loved ones. But, like many
another, industry, economy and the blessing of God that makoth
rich, have enabled him to obtain a competence of this world's
goods, and he endeavors, thankfully, to employ what Providence
has bestowed ujion him in the humble service of the Lord.

Isaiah Rogers, Blooming})ort, was an early settler, coming
from New Jereey to Randolph County in 1821 or 1822; he
has had eight children, seven of whom were grown and married,
one having died in the army. Mr. Rogers is eighty-five or
eighty-six years old, stout and spry and nimble as a cat; he is a
life time Methodist and a true-blue Republican; his residence is
now in Kansas, having left Indiana for the Western prairies in
1880.

Edward Scott was bom in North Carolina in ]78i), and came to
Randolph County, Ind., about 1820; he settled in Washington
Township at first, and afterward changed his residence to White
River; ho died on White River, June 30, 1871, aged eighty-one
years nine months and one day; his widow is living still, eighty-
five years olil and very feeble and infirm, both in mind and body.

They had twelve children; eleven gi-ew xxp and ten are living at
this time; five of his chilib'on reside in Randolph County, and
five have moved to Kansas; he lived in Randolph County fifty-
one years, and his wife and widow has been a dweller in this
fair Wostoru lanil and in Randolph about sixty-one years. Ho
was a member of the Baptist Church and a most excellent and
worthy man, beloved in his life, and sorely lamented in his
death.

Daniel Shoemaker came to Wiushington Township, Randolph
Co.. Ind., in 1818, and bad eleven children, and eight of them
grew up: seven were sons and one was a daughter. He died
about 1830, aged fifty-five; he was Iwrn in the fall of 1775, ap<l
hence was just too young to vote at the election wliich raised
John Adams to the Presidential office in 1796.

Samuel Smith, father of Temple Smith, Stone Station was boru
in West Virginia in 1772; married Elizabeth Calhoun, in Wo-l
Virginia, in 17'J4 or 1795; came to Champnign County, Ohio, in
1802; Kentucky, 1803; Highland County, Ohio, 1811 : Randolph
County, Ind., 1819 (one-half mile west of Bloomingport) ; he
died in 1856, and his wife in 1857; they had six childron —
Reuben (Marj* Hockett), two children; Martha (Joseph Hockett).
twelve ckildren; Avaline (Jeduthun Ha venden), twelve children;
Jefferson (Lydia Pickering), seven children; Temple (Priscilla
Crossly), twelve children, Milton died at six years old. Tem-
ple Smith only is left of the six.

James H. Stine. Washington, D. C, late of Washington
Township, born in New Jersey in 1837; came to Darke Conntv,
Ohio, in 1839; Wayne Township, Randolph Co.. Ind., near Union
City, attending school on the Ohio side; Washington Townshij),
1S51; Winchaster Seminary, 1853; taught Maxville Public
School in 1S54, and several times since; Liber College, Jay
County, 1856; Madison College, Pennsylvania. While there,
two professors and eighty-five students loft the college for the
South, which movement closed the college; knowing that war
would soon come, his room-mate, C. HL Causey, of Hainptou.
Va., said to him: "Stine, the South moans %.ar, an^ wo shall
erelong be found in hostile armies; lot us care for each other if
possible." The agi'oement was made, and they partoil. Stine
joined Company C, Nineteenth Indiana; he was twice woundoil
at the Second Bull Run, once by a severe shell wound.

In , he was appointed to the patent office, but was dis

missed for refusing to indorse President Johnson. In , In.

was given a po.sition in the Treasiu-y Department, which he stil'
holds. He was one of tho foundi^rs. and later, the oommandtr
of United States Grant Post, G. A. R., having such members ii.-
Senator Wilson, Gens. Banks, Schonck, Crittenden. Shanks,
Mills, Packard, Bullock, etc. In the famous Fitz John Porter
case, he was appointed an attorney for the Government, to select
and examine witnesses, and, among othei-s, Messrs. Campbell,
Macy and Murray, from Raiidolph County, were summoned to
the trial. Mr. Stine is understood to be preparing a valuable
history of tho Government. Ho has been faithful in w> ^^-''iag
for the advantage of " Old Randolph," and never omitted to favor
her interests. He has purchased a farm near Union City, which
has been namt^d Bloomingdale, upon which farm an extensive
and valuable collection of foreign shrubbery is in prograss.
Having boon long at tho National Capital, Mr. S. is happy td
have been able to assist many Randolph County citizens having
business with tho Government. Mr. S. has been from the very
first a zealous Republican, and has achieved an enviable rejiuta
tion as efficient and trustworthy in the discharge of jiublic
official duty, and as accommodating and generous in serving hin
fellow-citizens of Randolph. Mr. S. has become somewhat
prominent as a speaker in the political field, approving himself
as efficient and successful in this respect.

Tho Thornburgs, of Washington. — The Thomburgs have
been and still are numerous in Randolph County. A strong
branch of the family settled in St«ny Creek Township and
another in Washington. Those who resided in tho latter town-
ship in pioneer times were Nathan, Edward and Isaac Thorn-
burg. Nathan had four children — Isaac, Jesse, Nathan and ,\nn.
The Thornburgs there wore all Friends, and went with the Anti-
slavery branch in the "Separation'" of 1843. Wehave nn es-

384

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

pecial account of tliia portion of tlu> Thornbiu-g connection,
though ii considei-cihlo statement coucnrning thoso who settled in
Stony Crp((k may bo found in its iiiijiropriate place.

Joseph T. Wood. Wood Station— Uural— was born in ISllt,
in Wayne County, lud. ; rajuTicl tSuphin Fender, iu 1.S41 ; has
hud six children, five living now, and all the five manned. They
came to Kandolph County in 18C(i, and settled at Rural in IStW;
he is a carpenter and farmer, a ]\rothodist and a Republican.
His grandfather, Henry Wood, went, in 1804, from near Rich-
mond, Va. , to Kanawha County, Coal Creek, Western Virginia,
and died there in 1814, sixty years old. Joseph Wood's father,
born near Richmond, Vn., came to AVayne County, Ind.. in 1S]4;
he had twelve childi-en, and died in 180:^, soventy-ttvu years old.

w Hill, was born in this co
(Uire, who was horn in T
irah (Ballard) Abshire, w

ALBERT R. AliSHIRE, teacher, P. 0. S
Marcb 12, 1850; he is the son of Is.iac I
County, Ohio, April 20, I81&; his mother,

native of Ohio, born October 27, 1823; his lauier ana i.>ui..>;i -.Ycrc .u.ui.cu
June 6, 1842; his sister, Maria, was born October 2, 1851 ; his mother die.!
January 18, 1874 ; his father was married December 16, 1876, to Sarah G.
Shinn, who was born in Virginia August 30, 1848. The subject of this sketch
was educated in the district schools and at the high school of Winchester; he
has taught fourteen terms in the district schools of this county ; owns a neat
farm of fifty-five acres, and is a gentleman who commands the respect and
confidence of all who know him.

NERECS B. BALDWIN, teacher, P. 0. Snow Ilill, was born in W.ajne
County, Ind., April 6, 1854; he is the son of Jesse F. Baldwin, who was born
in North Carolina in February, 1828 ; his mother, Phiicba A. (Bales) Baldwin,
was born in this county. Mr. Baldwin wm educated in the district schools
and at the graded schools al Lynn. Since 1872, he has spent the larger part
of his time in teaching. Mr. B. was married April 17, 187-J, to Martha E.
Gordon, who was born in this county July 8, 18-5.!>; her father, James Gordon,
was born in Ohio April 30, 1828; her mother, Sidney (Slaughter) Gordon,
was born in North Carolina. This union has been blessed with Gillett A , who
was born March 2, 1879. Mr. B. is a member of and an earnest worker in
the Christian Church; he owns a neat little firm of thirty-five acres, in Sec-
tion 81, on which he resides. Mr. Baldwin is a sterling gentleman.

ISAAC N. BALES.

This gentleman, one of Randolph County's honored and respected citi-
zens, is the son of Pleasant and Mary (Abshire) Bales, and was born in this
county March 6, 1837 ; he is the fifth of a family of eight children, of whom
six are now living; his father was born in Clinton County, Ohio, .September
21,1810; his mother was born in Virginia September 27, 180!t; his grand-
father, Curtis Bales, was one of the pioneers of this county, having become a
resident about the year 1824; his gramifalher on his mother's side, James
Abshire, was among the very first settlers of the county ; he was also a soldier
of the war of 1812.

Isaac's parents entered ciglily acres of land in Washington Township, this
county, about the year 183H. This tract lies adjoining the farm upon which
Isaac now lives. They remained upon this farm, enduring all of the toils,
hardships and deprivations of pioneer life, until the year 1864, when they
temporarily removed to Merom, Sullivan County. They did not remain here
long; on account of Mrs. Bales' failing henlth, they relumed to their home in
this ciunty, where she died December 31. 18ii4. Mr. Bales very soon returned
to Merom, where he died February 8, imh; his remains were brought to this
county, and deposited by thoso of his wife in New Liberty Cemetery. They
were accepuble and honored members of the Christian Church, and were
among the first organizers of that church in the county.

The subject, of this sketch spent his boyhood upon his father's farm, assist-
ing him. in clearing a homesieail from the fore.«t; his experience w.is severe,
having to toil very hard in his earlier life; his educational advantages were
very poor, having no free schools; he attended from six weeks to two months
during the winter for a few years only. He was married to Martha J. Plait
August 16, 18)6, After marriage, he and his e.Tcellent wife .settled upon the
farm where they now reside. At that time, there were but forty acres, which

cnted for two years, and then bought it, going in debt $801). The farn

f 100 a

well i

1 lan.l, witli

nty-fiv

They

Regiii

his country; he was actively engaged with ms regimtm m mnuy Huvure uai.-
tles, but was never wounded, but he was confined in the hospital at Indian-
apelis and Natchez, from two attacks of the lung fever ; he took an active part
in the battles of Richmond (Ky.), Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas Post, siege of
Vicksburg, etc. After the siege of Vicksburg, he was transferred, with his
regiment, to New Orleans, Brasher City, Opelusas; then returned to New
Orleans; thence across the Gulf to Texas, where they wore engaged in several

cleared ; he also owns a farm of eighty acres in Jay

amo'lious '

r a high state of cullivalion, with convenient and con

comfortably situated, and, in addition to the cullivai

onof'grai

tion to Ihe raising of hogs and cattle.

Mr. and Mrs. Bales are the parents of thr^e childro

n, of whon

?— William IL, born September 11. lH.-,7 ; 5Iary E.. b.

rn .lanuar

sed November 7, 18B1; Magnolia M., horn January 2

,1868. W

e<l Mary A. Fisher, diughter of An.o:; and Ann Fis

her, of Ih

are the parents of one child, Newton A.

saac enlisted in 'he army August .O, 1862, in Coi

pany H, S

d gallant

skirmishes. They were then transferred to the disastrous and fatal Red Rivor
expedition, in which the Sixiyninth suffered greatly, marching for thirteen
days and nights without rest. From this expedition, they returned to Morgan-
zes Bend ; thence to Baton Rouge, East Pascagoiila, Pensicola Bay and Pollard.
They then arrived at Blakely, Ala., the defence of Mobile. This place wan
besieged for six or seven days, and then carried by storm, which they capt-
ured with a large number of prisoners. They then took possession of Mobile
without further resistance. After the capture of Blakely and Mobile, the
Sixty-ninth was dejdoyed to convoy the prisoners to Ship Island ; after which
Mr. Bales' company accompanied Maj. Gen. C. C. Andrews as body guard to
Selma, Ala. They then returned to Mobile, where they were placed on pro-
vost duty, where they remained until mustered out of service, July 6, 1866.
Mr. Bales reached home July 20.

He opened a stock of goods at his home in Washington Township in th«
spring of 1874. In the fall of the same year, he moved his stock to Wood's
Station, taking as :i partner in a general mercantile business his -brother.
Pleasant W. Bales. They kept a large and well selected stock of goods and did
a thriving business. While at Wood's Station, Mr. Bales acted as Postmaster
and ticket agent. He remained here until the fall of 1876, when he sold out
to Lewis Norton and returned to the farm.

. As a business man, Mr. Bales was industrious, economical and successful.
He and his family are acceptable members of the Christian Church at New
Liberty, Mr. and Mrs. Bales being charter members. Mr, B, has been Treas-
urer of this church ever since its organization. Ha is a stanch Republican,
and is an industrious worker in the party. His father was a Free Soiler.

Isaac is strictly temperate in his habits, an honest, moral, upright citizen,
a kind husband, an affectionate father and a true friend.

Martha Jane (Platt) Bales, wife of Isaac N. Bales and daughter of
Abram C. and Eliza (Horner) Piatt, was born in Wayne County, Ind,, March
16, 1838. She is the eldest of a family of three children, two of whom are.
living. Her father was born in New Jersey an(f her mother in Ohio. Her
parents came to this State in early times, and settled in Wayne County, Her
father died when she was but three years of age, and her mother followed in
the year 1862. She lived with her grandfather until she was eight years old.
when she found a home with David and Martha Taylor, who were members of
the Society of Friends. She lived with them until she was eighteen, when
she was married to Isaac N. Bales. Mrs. Bales is a most estimable woman,
and has been of great assistance to her husband in his business. During the
time Isaac was in the army, she took upon herself the entire management of
the farm, and did it well. She is a consistent member of the church, a de-
voted wife, an affectionate mother and a valuable member of society.

DR. J. S. BLAIR.
James S. Blair was born May 26, 18-50, near Williamsburg, Wayne Co.,
Ind. He is the son of George W, Blair, M. D., who was born in Ballylogle,
County Sligo, Ireland, of Scotch-Irish parentage, and came to the United States
in 183.5, locating at Williamsburg, Ind. He was married there to Hannah
Cranor, and was engaged in the practice of medicine until his death, which oc-
curred in 1861. His wife is the daughter of Thomas Cranor, a native of North
Carolina, who came to Indiana at an early day,lociting at Williamsburg, where
his daughter was born, and where she still continues to reside, James S., the
subject of this sketch, received a good education in the high school of Williams-
burg and" the Cenireville Collegiate Institute, and after completing his studies
was engaged for two years in teaching in the common schools. At the end of
that time, he took ch.arge of the Williamsburg Graded Schools, in which posi-
tion he contin'ied until he began the study of medicine, in 1872, with Dr. L.
P. Taylor, of Williamsburg. In 1874, he attended lectures at the Eclectic
Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating from that institution in 1876.
He then began the practice of medicine with his former preceptor. Dr. Taylor,
with whom he was associated for two years. In 1877, he came to Randolph
County, and located at Lynn, where he has ever since continued to practice
his profession. He is yet a young man, but has already achieved a fine pro-
fessional reputation, and enjoys a large and lucrative practice, which is con-
stantly increasing. He is enthusiastically devoted to 'lis profession, and by
his promptness and genial good nature has won the good will and high esteem
of all who know him, while his ability and skill accord him a high place in the
medical fraternity. He is identified with both the Odd Fellows and Masonie
orlers, having united with the former al Williamsburg in 1876, and with the
latter al Lynn in ihe spring of 1880. He has been married three times, and

gust, 1860, to Miss Ellen Potter, a native of Wayne County, Ind., and daughter
of John C. and Elizabeth Potter. This union was blessed by two children, the
eldest— Via G.— still survives. The mother died in January, 1876. On the
7th of Janu,ary, 1877, he wedded .Miss Carrie Medearis, of Williamsburg, tnd,,
who died .■Vugust 10, 1S7!I, Uaving one daughter— Ethel M.— who still sur-
vives. On the 12th of May, 1881, Dr. Blair was united in marriage with Miss
Mary E. Kelly, of Lynn. 'They have a cosy, pleasant home, and enjoy the high
esteem of the best citizens of the community in which they reside.

JAMES A. BALES, farmer, P. O. Bnow Hill, was born in this county
January 23, 1831. He is the son of Pleasant Bales, who was born in Ohio Sep-
tember 21, 1810. Ills mother, Mary (Abshire) Bales, was a jative of Virginia,
born September 27, 180!l. Mr, Bales was educated in the district schools of
the county. He was married November 20, 1863, to Ann Thornburgh, who was
born in this county May 11, 1837. They had born to them two children-
Marion S. and Edward W., but death entered the home circle and carried from
it both mother and children. Mr. Bales then battled with the hardships of life
alone until April 14, 18<;5, when ha was married to Mary J. Lamm, born in
this county April 11, 1841. She is the daughter of Josiah and Elizabeth
(Vork) Lamm, who were natives of North Carolina. This union has been
blessed with Rebecca A., born September 30, 1866. Mr. Bales is a consistent
member of the Christian Church. He owns a fine farm of 100 acres. He i« a

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

thorough gentleman, and one who has the contideiice and esieem of a large
circle of friends and acquaintances.

JAMES BARNES, farmer, P. 0. Lynn, was born in Wayne County, Indi-
ana, May 24, 1817. He is the son of John and Anna (Jones) Barnes, who were
native.^ of North Carolina, the former born May 13, 1792. Mr. Barnes, like
many of the pioneer youth, received but a limited education, but nature hiw
compensated largely for the lack of early opportunities. The event of his mar-
riage took place November 1, 1837. the chosen partner through life being Miss
Harriet Mullen, who was born in North Carolina March 18, 1810. Her father,
Thomas Mullen, and mother, Nanqy (Koe) Mullen, vfere natives of North Caro-
liua. Mr. and Mrs. Barnes have had born to them tan children, viz., Vlliza-
beth, born August 23, 1838; Ruth A., March 31, 1844; Charles M., Jlay 21,
1S46 ; Eliza S., November 14, 1848 ; James R., December 16, 1852, and Benja-
min F., February 2, 1866. The deceased ones are Nancy A., born October 5,
1839, and died May 31, 1863; Thomas M., born October 16, 1841, and died in
Andersonville Prison September 2, 1864; Joseph M., born October 13, 1350,
and died March 18, 1861. Mr. Barnes settled in Greensfort Township, of this
county, in 1838, where he remained for one year. He then moved to Hamil-
ton County, Ohio, where he remained for about two years. He retusncd to this
county, and settled where he now resides, in 1841.. He owns a well-iiriproved
farm of 139 acres, which is located in Section 23. A glance at his neat, sub-
stantial buildings and well-tilled fields are sufficient proof uf his pride in the
avocation he has chosen. Mr. Barnes is a member of Lynn A. F. & A. .M., No.
223, and also of Lynn I. 0. O. F., No. 294.

PAUL BEARD, farmer, P. 0. Lynn, was born in North Carolina Decem-
ber 7, 1812. His father, Paul Beard, was born on the Island of Nantucket Oc-
tober 19, 1770. His mother, Hannah (Pierson) Beard, was born in North
Carolina December 8, 1778. The subject of tiiis sketch was educated in the
Fitiends' schools. He oamc to this county in 1817 with his parents. He was
married, March 20, 1833, to Mary Cox, who was born in Ohio August 20, 1813.
Her parents were natives of North Carolina. This union has been blessed
with eight children— Levi, born June 12, 1834; Kzra, May 20, 18r>7 ; Anna,
May 10, 1859; Eunice, January 13, 1814; Louisa, September 7, 1845; Lind-
sey, December 20, 1847; Ruth, March 7, 1850, and Henry, born December 1,
1852. Mr. Beard owns a fine farm of 115 acres. He is a member of the
Society of Friends, and known by a large circle of aociuaintances as an exem-
plary Christian gentleman.

LEVI BEARD, farmer, P. 0, Lynn, was born in this county December 6
1SS4. He is the son of Paul and Mary (Cox) Beard, the former was born in
North Carolina December 7, 1812, and the latter in Ohio August 20. 1813. The

this county May 3, 1832. She is the daughter of John and Jane (Hunt) Ben-
son, the former born in Ohio, and the latter in North Carolina. Mr. Beard set-
tled where he now resides in 1800 ; he owns a fine farm of eighty acres, niid has
done much toward improving and developing this county. He is a member of
thS Society of Friends, and is an exemplary gentleman, highly respected by all
who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Beard have been blessed with two children, viz.,
Alpheus F., born December 22, 18.56, and Luella J., born June 30, 1803, and de-
ceased December 24, 1878. Alpheus wa.^ married, September 14, 1877, to Jen-
nie Nichols, who was born in this county December g, 1860. She is the daugh-
ter of Henry and Elizabeth (Gray) Nichols, who were both natives of this county,
the former born February 14, 1832, and the latter December 23, 1836.

EDWARD I. BROWN, farmer, P. 0. Iluml. The subject of this sketch, born
in Darke County, Ohio, April 29, 18.50, is the son of Elisha and Nancy
(Thomas) Brown, the former born in Darke (Jounty, Ohio, November 17, 1819,
and the latter in Wayne County. Ind., November 28, 1823. Ho received a coin-
i:ni.-.schooI education. In 1864, he went to Illinois, where he remained for
two years. At the expiration of that time he came to this county, aad for sev-
eral years was employed as teacher in the district schools. Mr. Brown was
married, March 1, 1871, to Melsena Ilinshaw, who was born in this comity
i-'cbruary 22, 1852. Her parents, Timothy and Sarah J. (Wrigut) Hinshaw, were
natives of Highland County, Ohio, the former born November 3. 1814, and the
latter August 17. 1821. Mr. and Mrs. Brown h.avebeen blessed with two chil-
dren—Arley M., born January 24, 1872, and Ernest W., Februiiry 8, 1878.

and buying and shipping slock. He is a thorough gentleman, and has a large
circle of warm friends and ac.|niiinlin.c03,

WILLIAM It. COGGESHALL.
William R. Coggeshall, farmer and County Commissioner, is the son of
Caleb and Mary A. (Marica) Coggeshall, and was born in Wayne County, this
State, September 18, 1830. He is the second of a family of seven children, all
<if whom are now living. His father was born in Lancaster County, Va., Miirch
■■'.\, 1797, and his mother was born in South l^arolina March 2, 1806, His
fiiilier came to this State in the year 1815, and settled in Wayne County, and
liis mother came some years later. His parents are both living, and have made
their homes with the mbjeot of this sketch for the past sixteen years. Will-
iam was raised on a farm in W.ayne County, where he lived until he was nine-
teen years of ago, v<hen he entered a store at Bloomingsport, this county, in
the capacity of a clerk ; he remained here until 1851, when he eng.aKed in the
carpenter's trade, which he followed (or three years. His education was almost
wholly neglected until he was twenty-one years of age, when he went to work
to prepare himself for a teacher. Not having the means to defray the expenses
of his education, he worked very industriously through the summer months
at his trade for that purpose. By this means he was enabled to attend the
graded school at Williamsburg two terms, and one term at the Mantml Labor
institute in this county, under the supervision of Prof, Tucker. He began
teaching in the winter jf 1854, and continued to leach during the winter sea-
son until 1869, Simultaneous with his teaching, he began the study of medicine
under Dr. L. P.'Taylor, of Williamsburg. Wayne r:onuty : he continued the
study of medicine for about five years, when he was united in marriage to

Amanda K. Cranor, daughter of Joshua and Susanah (Johnson) Cranor, May
22. 1859. His wife is a most amiable and worthy lady, and was born May 31,
1837. Her parents were natives of North Carolina. In 1856, Mr, CoggeshaH
was elected Clerk of Greene Township, Wayne County ; he commenced the
practice of medicine in the year 1869, at Bloomingsport ; he was a successful
practitioner for twelve years, when he retired to private life, but having so many
warm friends and patrons this was a difficult task. He is yet frequently called in
counsel in important cases. He was elected to the office of County Comtnissioner
in the year 1880, and was re-nominated for the same office last spring. As a
Commissioner he has 8cr7ed the county with fidelity, and has given general sat.
isfaction to his constituents, which is attested by his re-nomination. He is

siding since 1873. The farm is beautifully located and of a good quality of soil,
anil has very comfortable farm buildings. Mr. and .Mrs. Coggeshall are the
parents of ten children, nine of whom are now living — Albinus T., born Decem-
ber 26, 1859 ; Corlistus B., April 10, 1861 ; Elmer E., December 15, 1862 ; Oris
v., September 24, 1866 ; Owwell D., June 18, 1867 ; Hatlie E., July 31, 1869 •
George 11., Nevember 29, 1871 ; William E., April 5, 1876; Amanda L., De,
cember 27, 1877.

Mr. Coggeshall is an ancient member of the F. & A. M., and I. 0. 0. P.
orders ; he is a stanch Republican, and during his term of office of Countj
Commissioner he has assisted in erecting a fine county jail, iron bridges, etc.
He is an upright citizen, as well as a faithful county official. He and his excel-
lent family are much beloved by the community in which they reside, and are
known and honored throughout the county.

CHARLES CRAMMER, farmer, P. 0. Bloomingsport, was born in New
.Jersey September 16, 1822. His father, Abraham, and his mother, Elizabeth
(Bowker) Crammer were natives of New Jersey. Mr. C. was educated in the
district schools. He was married, October 14. 1840. to Elizabeth Miller, who
was born in Ohio May 21, 1825. They have two children living— Abraham,
born July 11, 1847, and Margaret, born July 1, 1869. Abrah.am was married
August 12, 1875, to Rebecca A. Littclle, who was born in Ohio. Mr. Crammer
settled where he now resides in 1863. Owns a farm of forty acres. Is a gen-
tleman highly respected by a large circle of friends and acquaintances.

LEANDER E. CONNER, farmer and teacher, P. 0. Bloomingsport, was
born in Grant County, Ind., October 24, 1860. His father, Louis Conner, \)«w
born in South Carolina December 25, 1816. His mother, Mary (Jennings)
Conner, was born in North Carolina August 10, 1820. The subject of this
sketch was educated in the district schools, and at the Oermantown High
School, in Wayne County, Ind. Has been reading medicine for the past eight
years. He was married. January 18, 1879, to Louisa Ozbun, who was born in
this county August 10, 1863. They have had born to them one child — Flor-
ence, December 4, 1879, who died September 4, 1880. Mr. Conner has been
enjjaged in teaching for the past five years. Owns a farm of eighty acres. Is
a nismber of Lynn Lodge, I. 0. 0. F.. No. 294. He is a member of the Meth-
odist Epiicopal Church, and a sterling gentleman, who is highly respected by
all who know him.

WILLIAM A. W. DALY.

are still

1 Catharine (Clayton) Daly, was

He is the fourth of a family of

living. His father was born in Cavau

is mother was born in Kentucky Deoem-

United States when he was twenty-one

County, Ireland, March 2, 1
ber 8^1801. His father ca

ye.vrs of age, and located in New York City, where he remained for two years,
completing his education in college, from which he graduated with high hon.
ors. After graduating, he practiced law for several years, when he abandonoiK
the profession on account of a dislike for it, and entered upon the profession
of teaching. He continued the latter profession a greater portion of the time
until he was sixty-eight years old. His teaching was principally confined to
Preble County, Ohio, and this county. He married Catharine Clayton October,
1825, and settled near Dayton, Ohio, He and his family came to this county
in 1843, and entered 120 acres of land in Washington Township, where be
remained until his death, which occurred February, 1866, and where his
widow still resides. She came to this State with her parents from Kentucky
in the year 1805, and settled in Franklin County, this State. Indiana, at this
time, had but few settlers. They had no neighbors except the uncivilized
Indian and howling wolves. Although she is now eighty-one years of age, she
still enjoys comparatively good health. William came to this county in the
year 1843, at ten years of age. He has spent the greater portion of his life
upon the farm, and received his education from the common district schools.
He was married to Mary Ilinshaw, daughter of Abel and Nancy (Bookout)
Hinshaw, January 7, 1857. His wife was born in this county March 6, 1837.
Her father was born in North Carolina May 13, 1799, and her mother was born
in the same State December 15, 1799. Mr. and Mrs. Daly are the parents of
nine children, of whom eight are living— Catharine, born October 19, 1857;
Minerva, July 28, 1869; Nancy D., November 3, 1861, died April 1, 1870;
Robert L.. born January 20, 1865; Frank, January 9. 1808; Charles. Novem-
ber 14, 1870 ; Ulysses G., June 10, 1872; Walter II., February 14, 1878 ; Ber'
tha, December 4, 1879. Mr. Daly lived on a farm in Washington Tnwnship
until the breakirig-out of the war, when he volunteered, August -.JS, 1862, in
Company B, Fifth Indiana Cavalry. His army life was full of hardships, dan-
gers and suttering. His experience as a soldier was indeed a severe one, but
his patriotism never faltered and he served his bleeding country nobly. He
was one of a few soldiers who strictly maintained his moral integrity through.

intoxicants. His first service was against the guerrillas of Kentucky during
the spring of 1863. In September, he was transferred with his regiment to
East Tennessee, and were among the first to enter Knoxville, They remained
in that vicinity until December, when they returned to Kentucky, and remained
until the spring of 1804. They were sent to Georgia, and from May 10 to July

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

31 there was not ft day but wbiit they were under liri>. William waa taken
prisoner near Macon by Wheeler's Cavalry July 31, 1864. He was placed in
the prison pen at Andersonville August 2, and remained unlil November, when
he was transferred to Charleston, S.C., where he rer-=—" ' "■ ■ '

y. mar,.

He

then taken to Wilmington N. C. Ibence to Ooldsboro, then back to Wilming.
ton, wliere he was paroled at (he close of the war. No pen can portray the
horrible suffering of our brave boys in the Southern prison pen«. Mr. Daly
was one of a few who barely escaped with their lives. We cannot do ttis part
of Mr Dalys history justice, hence our pen must remain .silent. The treat-
ment of Union prisoners was so dastardly and uncivilized that if we could we
would gladly draw a veil over the pages of this part nf the American history.
When the subject of this sketch was taken prisoner his weight was 21fi pounds.
When he was released, he was a mere skeleton, weighing only 14.') pounds. At
the close of the war, Mr. Daly returned home, and after returning health, lie
again pursued hisusual avocalion of farming unlil October. 1874, when the
people of the county called I liis brave soldier to the oflice of County Sherifl'.
He was again called to the same office in 1870. As a county oHicial, he did
his duly nobly and with general satisfa( ■ '' " " '

noted.

iioTooted 10
1 as Second

Orderly Sergeant in the spring of 18<i4; then was com
Lieutenant, then First Lieutenant. Mr. and Mrs. Daly »u.. ...>... i.vu .„^^.
daughters are honored members of the .Methodist Kpiscopal Church. Mr. D.
is an acceptable member of Lynn Lodge, No. a2H, i'. fi A. M., Winchester
Chatiier. No. ;!6, K. A. M., and Richmond CommandSry, No. 8, K. T. He has
always been a temperate, moral, upright citizen, and a public and uncompro-
mising advocate of the temperance cause fur years, and has <lone much to
advance the cause in the county and State. He has been a brave and palri-
olic soldier, an efficient county officer and is a splendid type of a true and

WILLIAM ENGLK.
William EnLrle. a farmer and dealer in real estate, was bom in Burlington
1811. He is the son of Isaac and Sarah (Price)
family of eleven children, only two of whom are
is sketch, and Mi-s. Lydia A. lli.gers, of Waynes-
he son of Robert and .lane Engle, and was born in
New'jcrsey March 1/5, 1773. His mother was the daughter of Thomas and Han-
nah Price, and was born in New Jersey March 17, 1774. His parents moved
to Warren County, Ohio, in the year 182."), where they roinained unlil their
deaths.

The subject of this sketch was raised on a farm, enduring all of the hard-
ships and deprivations common to pioneer life, receiving a fair business educa-

County, N. J., Decerabe
Engle, and is the ninth
now living — the subjecl

.n from

itill 3

. Hew

177

!9 of Per
Her ra

h Whi

Cabe, Fob-
daughter of Klias and Sarah
2'J, 1813. Her parents were
18, and her molt

ornin

Her fall

n War-

ley

ily, Ohio, in 1844, and her muther in Wayne County, Ind., in 1847.
iLjcct of this sketch settled in Washington Township, this county, in the
842, when he purchased 240 acres of land with slight improvements ; he
■ owner and proprietor of <1')8 acres of excellent land with 200 acres under
stale of culiivaiion. This farm is well under-drained, and issupplied with
iidious and convenient buildings. Mr. and Mrs. Engle are Ihe parents of
i children, ten of whom are living— Isaac, born December 11, 1834 ; Wes-
., April 21, \SH(i ; Robert, September 21, 1837 ; Elias, December fl. 1838 ;
" '.ivin S., September '.». 1844 ; James S., September 13, 1840 ; Daniel H., May 1 1 ,
1849 ;'AIbert, May 26, 1861 : Price, October 5, 1802 ; Josiah, B., October 30,
1864. The decensed ones are William, born December 13, 1841, who was
wounded at the battle of Pittsburg Landing, and died in Ihe hospital at St.
Louis May 2, 1802. Samuel R., was born March 22, 1843, and died June 20,
184.5.

Mr. Engle is a stanch Republican, and has been nclivcly intcrcsled in Ihe
Buooess of the party of his choice. His fii>t vote was oast for (Jen. Harrison
for President of the United States. He has served as Township Trustee for a
number of years. He and, his .amiable wife are acceptable members of the
United Urethren Church at Bloomingsporl. Mr. Engle'has been a hard work-
ing man ; has raised and educated a large family of children, all of whom are
well silualed in life, and honomble, upright citizens. His sons, William, Oil-
vin and lloberl, served in the war of the rebellion, in the regular service, and
made honorable records as soldiers. His son James S., enlisted in the hundred
days' service, and Elias was engaged in the service during the Morgan raid.
William enlisted in the Thirty-sixlh Uegiment Indiana Infantry, and was
wounded at the battle of Pittsburg Landing April 6, 1862,

iwhcre in this sketch. Calvin enlisted in the .Sixty-ni

, after retiirning health, he re-enlisled in the Fifth 1
} taken prisoner at Macon, Oa., and was confined in S(
luring all of Ihe hardships of prison life for

I Kegim

, but be-
n home ;

1 pri.son pens,
n moniiiB, ana was hononibly
! draflcil into the service in
the year 1864, and served his country faithfully until the close of the war.
Mr. Engle, nobly assisted by Win excellent wife, has been cmiDently successful
iu a farmer and business man. He has accumulated a large amount of prop-
erty, and is surrounded by all "f the comforts and many luxuries of life. He
is an upright and honored citizen of the counly, and hu and his wife are
useful and highly respected members of society.

DANIEL H. ENCLE was born in this county M.iy II, 1849. .le is the
son of William and Letitia (("abe) Engle. He was raised on a farm, and cduca

edit

e for 1

s distrii

ools of I

tnty, u

wns eng:iged

arked

Counly, aad a sash and door faclory attached. .\lr. Engle continued to work
in the mill, running it during the night, paying the owners a rental fee for the
same. It was by this means that he obtained a start in the world, his advent-
ure being attended with success. He spent the year 1878 in California, Iowa
and other Western SlJilcs. He was married, April 16, 1880, to Martha B.
Sharp. She is an estimable lady, and was born in this counly June 27, 1800.
Her father, Josiah Sharp, was born in New Jersey May 15, 1830, and her
■nother, Lydia (Neal) Sharp, waa horn in Wayne County, Ind., May 24, 183(1.
Mr. and Mrs. Engle are the parents of two interesting daughters. For the
past four years, Mr. Engle has had charge of his father's farm, and has been
very successful in its management, as well other enterprises in which he has
been engaged. Although a young man, Mr. Engle has accumulated property
rapidly, and h.as a bright future before him. He and his wife are highly re-
spected citizens, and honored members of Sf^ciely.

HILLEKY GREEN, farmer, P.O. Snow Hill, was born in Bracken County,
Ky., August 14, 1803. He is the son of William (ireen, who was born in Mary-
land. His mother, Lydia (Marshall; Green, was a native of Virginia." Mr.
Green was married, June 7. 1828, to Mary A. Blanchard, who was .born in

I Pennsylvania January 0, .1800. Her father. David Blanchard, was born in
New Jersey in 1773. Her mother, Sarah (Clark) Blanohard, was a native of

' (Jonueotiout. They have had born to them ten children, eight of whom are

: living, viz. ; Cintha A., bom January 29, 1826; Julia A., December 24, 1827 ;

! David, March 1. 1831; William, July 28, 1833; Nancy M., March 26, 1835;
Benjamin, April 17, 18 tO ; Lulicia J., April 16, 1842, and John W., born March
29, 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Green have forty-five grandchildren, twenty-four
great-grandchildren and one great-great-grandchild. They settled in this
county in 1806. Mr. Green is his younger days was engaged in the tanning
business, but after coming to this county he chose lo be a farmer. lie owns »
well-improveil farm of 120 acres. Mr. and Mrs. Green are members of the
Christian Church, and have lived an exemplary Christian life. After they
have passed from earth away^ it may well be said of them that their life was
one worthy of imitation.

CAPT. ROBERT WASHINGTON HAMILTON.
Capl. Robert Washington Hamilton, physician and surgeon, was born in
Monongahela Ounty. W. Va., March 4, 1818. He is the son of James S. and
Eliza fCourineyi Hamillon, and the third of a family of twelve children, of
whom seven are now living, six in this Sitite and one in Colorado. His father
was born in Baltimore, Md., November 5, 1792. His mother was born in Cas-
tle Dawson, Ireland, in the year 1796. She came lo the United States with
her parents at Ihe age of twelve years, and settled in Monongahela County, W.
Va., where she was subsequently married lo James S. Hamilton. They con-
tinued to reside in West Virginia until the year 1832, when they movwl lo the
State of Indiana, and purcha.sedlandand settled in Fayetle Co. They remained
here unlil their dealhs. Mrs. Hamilton died in 1876, and Mr. Hamillon in 19^9.
Roberl was tourteen years of age when he came with his parents to this State, and
was a diligent laborer on the farm until he was eighteen. He obtained a lib-
eral education from Ihe comnion schools of Virginia and this State — the beat
Ihe schools at that time afforded. In 1837, he moved to Richmond, Coles
Co., HI., where he engagwl in the grocery business for a short time. While
a resident of Richmond, he was united in a first marria<?e to Mrs. .MelindaSla-
thews, of Coles County, February 13, 1839. After marriage, Mr. and Mrs.
Hamilton nettled in Waterloo, InJ.. where they reshlcd for about four years
when they removed to Hillsboro, Wayne County, and remained until the death
of Mrs. Hamilton, which occurred .Vugust 16, 1864. After a second marriage
with Mrs. Sarah (Sletler) Ba.scom, Dr. Hamilton located in Lynn, this counly,
in the year 1856, where he ha.s lived ever .since, engaged in the practice of
meilicine. He was called lo mourn the death of his second wife May 1, 1881.
He was united in a third marriage. May 4, 1882, lo Mrs. Eliza A. Layson. He
is the father of three sons, as frui's of his first marriage. Dr. Hamilton com-
menced Ihe sludy of medicine at the age of seventeen, under Dr. Trimbley, of
Brownsville, Union Co., Ind., and completed hi.s studies under Dr. Amos Chap-
man, of Waterloo, Ind. He began the practice of his profession in 1845 at
Hillsboro, and continued in a large and lucrative practice until 1854, when he
located in Lynn, this county, where he has remained ever since, wilh the excep-
tion of an interval of eighieen months, in which he served his country in the lale
war. As % physician, Dr. Hamillon has hail an extensive practice, as much so as
any other physician that ha< ever lived in this counly, and wilh eminent success.

" ' ' ■ a case in obsiclrics. diphtheria or scarlet fever. In July, 1801,

pany C of the Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, and was chosen
uc, being the firit commissioned officer from tliis counly in Ihe
oe. Hon. W. E. Murry, of this county, wai the first man en-
listed "in Ihe company, llr. Hamilton wiw a failhful "arid efficient officer and
soldier, and served for eighteen uionlhs, when he. was compelled to resign on
account of a stroke of paralysis which attacked him in September, 1861, and
from the effects of which he hiis never recovered. In addition to the discharge
of his duiics as commanding officer, he was regislcred as acting Surgeon, and
id much service in this capacity. After his resignation in the army, he re-
irned to his home in ihis counly, and resum»il Ihe praolice of his profession.
1 addition to the practice qf medicine. Dr. Hamillon has been successfully en-
gaged in Ihe mereanlilc and real estate business. He takes an active interest
■ 1 politics, and has always been an ardent supporlcr of the Whig ami Repnb-
can parties, while his father and all of his brothers were stanch Democrats,
e is an honored and useful member of Lynn Lodge, No. 223, A., F. & A. M.,
Ill during the greater portion of the time, furnver twenty years, he has been
inored with the position of W. M. of the lodge. Dr. Hamilton is eminently
self-made man, a pipuhir physician, and has given largely of his time and
isana to the deyclopmout and improvement of this county. He is public-
airiled and ever loadv to assist in any and all public and philanthropic enter-
1 faithful and devoted friend, and his

10 will ei

all »

/^\

WlRS.MATTiE J. Bales

Res, OF I.N. Bales. Washinbton Tp Ranodlph Co. livo.

Residence OF Abraham Sheeiv: Washington Tp Randoiph Co. Ind.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP

16th of January, 186-2. His father, Jacob B. Hinshaw, was born in North Car-
olina, and oame north when asmall boy with his parents, Abel and Nancy Hin-
Bhaw, stopping for one season in Ohio, and removing thence to Randoph Coun-
ty, Tnd., where ho grew to manhood, and where he has ever since continued to
reside ; he is the son of pioneer parents, and has witnessed the many changes
and improTements that have taken place in this county within a half century,
bearing well his own part in encouraging and advancing these improvements
since reaching man's estate. A more extended slcetoh of his life will appear else-
where in this volume, and we resume the narration of those incidents that go
lo maite up the history of his son Uriah. He was reared in Washington Town-
8iiip. and liis early life was not materially different from that of farmer boys in
general ; he attended the district schools, acquiring a good English education.
Out of school hours, and during the summer months, his time was employed in
the performance of various duties about the home farm, and by this daily rou-
tine he became familiar with the details of farming, and in his maturer years
adopted that pursuit as his chosen vocation in life. At the age of twenty-one
years he begiin teaching school, and one year later purchased fifty acres of land
in Jay County, Ind. Before the close of that year, however, he traded his Jay
County land for the farm upon which he now resides, in Washington Township
This tractconsislsof eighty acres, of which al! but ten or twelve acres were totally
unimproved when it came into his possession. The balance has been cleared
and improved by him, and is now in a fine state of cultivation. In the pursuit
of farming, Mr. Hinshaw has met with pronounced success, and although yet a
young man, he occupies a place among the leading agriculturists of his town-
ship. By industry and close application to his work, he has gained at least an
encouraging start on the road to fortune ; and it is but due hira to say that his
possessions are the legitimate results of his energy, rather than of any pecul-
iar good fortune ; he has met with reverses, yet he has been cheerful in mis-
fortune, working heroically to redeem his losses. In September, 1878, his
residence was destroyed by fire, and all his present property, with the exception
of a few articles, was consumed in the flames. But upon the foundation of his
former home he immediately erected his present residence ; less pretentious, it
is true, but neverthless a cozy, comfortable home. He possesses the proper
spirit and energy to insure a successful life, and with the past for a criterion
we join in the hope that his life may be crowned with the good results his in-
dustry 80 well merits. On the 4th of April, 1874, Mr. Hinshaw was united in
marriage with Miss Mary E. Baldwin, who was born November 28, 1804, in
Washington Township, Randolph Co., Ind. Mrs. Hinshaw is the daughter of
Irvin and Hannah Baldwin, who were early settlers and prominent ciiizens of
Washington Township. She is an estimable lady, and enjoys the good will of
all who know her. Their wedding life has been blessed by three children, viz.:
Leary A., Willimetta E. and TuUy Ivanhoe. Both parents are consistent and
active church members. Mr. Hinshaw united with the Methodist Kpiscopal
Church in March, 1873, his wife uniting with the Christian Church in the same
year ; he has never been prominent in politics, but is a stanch supporter of
the principles of the Republican party. In private and social life he is highly
esteemed for his genial good nature, and his honorable dealing has won for him
the confidence of the community in which he resides.

S1LA3 HINSHAW, farmer, P. 0. Rural, was born in North Carolina Jan-
uary T), 18'23; he is the son of Abel and Nancy (Bookout) Hinshaw, who were
natives of North Carolina, the former born May 13, 1799, and the latter De-
cember 15, 1799. Mr. Hinshaw, like the pioneer youth generally, received but
a limited education, but nature has compensated largely for the lack of oarly
opportunities; he oame to this county with his parents in 1834 ; was married
March 8, 1851, to Sofrouia Mullen, who was born in Wayne County, Ind.,
Aupuat 21, 1830. She is the daughter of Thomas Mullen, who was born in
South Carolina Janua.-y 20, 1791. Mr. and Mrs. Hinshaw have had born lo
them eleven children, seven of whom are living— Melissa A., born October 20,
1851 ; Lotitia A., September 2, 1853 ; Nancy E., August 2(!, 186(i ; Arnold B.,
August 18, 1858; Nettie M., March 13, 18S6; Edward, July 5, 1872, and
Addie F., born September 9, 1877. The deceased ones are Hattie, born Septem-
ber 27, 1860, died October 17, 1878; George, born October 19, 1862, died No-
vember 3, 1862; Andrew, born October 5, 1864, died November 9, 1864, and
Elsie D., who was born May 18, 1871, and died September 28, 1871. Mr.
Hinshaw settled where he now resides in 1856 ; he owns 160 acres of land; and
is an enterprising farmer ; he Is a kind husband and father, and is universally
i.-steemed by a large circle of friends and acquaintances.

ELKANAH HINSHAW, farmer, P. 0. Lynu, was born in this county De-
cember 2, 1842; he is the son of Abel and Nancy (Bookout) Hinshaw, who
were natives of North Carolina, born in 1799, the former May 13, and the lat-
ter December 15. Mr. Hinshaw was married December 24, 1803, to Mary E.
Norton, who was born in this county December 23, 1840. She is the daughter
of William and Elizabeth (Snead) Norton, who were natives of North Carolina.
This union has been blessed with six children, viz.: Ida J., born November 21,
1864; William, July 26, 1867; Lillie M., August 14, 1869 ; lea D., November
'.), 1870; Nancy E., December 26, 1872, and Stephen, August 25, 1877. Mr.
and Mrs. Hinshaw are worthy citizens, and are highly respected by all who
know them. Mr. Hinshaw owns 102 acres of land in the county. They reside
in Section 27.

JONH HINSHAW, farmer, P.O. Snow Hill, was born in Highland County,
Ohio, April 3, 1818. He is the son of John and Margaret (Ratoliff) Hinshaw,
who were born in North Carolina, the former in 1781, and the latter in 1788.
Mr. Hinshaw was educated in the district schools of Ohio ; he came to this
county in 1837. The event of his marriage took place September 11, 1841. The
eho?en companion through life being Teresa Wright, who was born in Clinton
County, Ohio, August 23, 1824. She is the daughter of David and Teresa
(Mitchell) Wright, the former a native of Virginia, born January 20, 1784,and
thelattc. in Kentucky October 17, 1791. From 1845 to 1860, Mr. Hinshaw

was engaged in blacksmithing. He enlisted, in August, 1862, in (Jumpany E,
Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry; his first introduction to the battle-field was at
Richmond, Ky., where he received a slight wound and was taken prisoner.
After being in the hands of the enemy for a few .lays, he was paroled and sent

when an exchange was made, and he was again sent to the I'rjnt, joining Gen.
Sherman's command at Vicksburg. From Vicksburg he went to Arkansas Post ;
from there to MiUigan's Bend, where he was detailed to act as general nurse
at Young's Point HospiUl. Shortly after this he was taken sick, and
remained at Memphis and other points for about four months, before

gaged in farming and stock-raising ; he owns 240 acres of land in the county ;
he is a member of the Socieiy of Friends. He is a thorough gentleman, com-
manding the respect of all who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Hinshaw have been
blessed with ten children, five of whom are living. : Teresa, born January 11,
1845 ; Sarah E., November 17, 1863 ; Lorinda, A. April 11, 1866 ;-Dclilah, June
5, 1869, and William, born May 10, 1865.

ARMINIOUS A. HINSHAW, farmer, P. O. Lynn, was born in this county
August 11, 1H47. He is the son of Timothy and Jayue (Wright) Hinshaw, who
were natives of Ohio. Mr. Hinshaw was educated in the district schools of
this county. The event of his marriage took place September 4, 1872, the
chosen partner through life being Martha A. Baldwin, who was born in this
county February 20, 1857. She is the daughter of Urbane and Hannah (Bales)
Baldwin, the former born in North Carolina May 4, 1830, and the latter in this
county September 26, 1833. Mr. Hinshaw owns a well-improved farni of eighly
acres, and is an enterprising farmer; he and his worthy lady are consittent
members of the Christian Church, and are highly respected by a large circle of
friends and acquaintances. To brighten and cheer their home, they have been
blessed with a daughter— Lulu V., born January 21, 1878.

ELZA HINSHAW, farmer and stook-raiser, P. 0. Snow Hill, was born in
Randolph County, Ind., July 4, 1847. He is the son of Absalom and Eliza
(Carter) Hinshaw, native! of North Carolina. The subject of this sketch
was married, July 31, 1869, to Mary E. Robbins, who was born in this county
September 22, 1852. She is the daughter of Ezekiel and Ann (Plait) Hob-
bins, the former born in New Jersey, and the latter in Ohio. This union
has been blessed with Llewelen, born September 2, 1870 ; Laura W., Septem-
ber 7, 1872; Eliza A., September 27, 1874; Viola, October 14, 1876 ; Loliiia
M., November 5, 1878, and Josephine, December 16, 1880. Mr. Hinshaw owns
a farm of 160 acres; is engaged in farming nnd baying and shipping stuck.
He is a thorough gentleman, highly respected by all who him.

ELWOOD HINSHAW, farmer, P. O. Rural, was born in Randolph County,
Ind., June 20, 1849. He is the son of Absalom and Eliza (Carter) Hinshaw,
natives of North Carolina. He was educated in the district schools of the county.
The event of his marriage took place April 21, 1871, to Hannah E. Robbins,
who is a native of this county, born March 12, 1850. She is the daughter of
of Ezekiel and Ann (Piatt) Robbins, the former born in New Jersey, and the
latter in Ohio. Mr. Hinshaw owns a neat farm of fifty acres in Section K, on
which he has resided since 1872; he is an enterprising, industrious gentleman,
and is highly respected by all who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Hinshaw hnve been
blessed with a son — Stephen E., who was born September 14, 1876.

WILLIAM JOHNSON, farmer, P. O. Johnson, was born in this counly
January 1, 1823. His parents were natives of North Carolina. He was mar-
ried, March 16, 1843, to Ruth Moody, who was born in Randolph County, Ind.,
March 4, 1824. Her father, Isaac Moody, was a native of Virginia, born io
1797; her mother, .Mary (Heston) Moody, was born in Pennsylvania in 1796.
This union has been blessed with twelve children, seven of whom are living—
Luzena, born January 16, 1844; Calvin, January 16, 1846; Mary J., Octo-
ber 9, 1849; Isaac H., October 13, 1863; Elkanah, August 23, 1858; Silas W.,
July 13, 1863, and Rbodena, born August 27, 1865. Mr. Johnson is a mem-
ber of the Friends Socieiy; he owns a fine farm of 319 acres. Mrs. Ruth
Johnson is recorded minister in the Society of Friends, and is widely known
as a lady who is ever ready and willing to encourage and support all enterprises
that tend to enlighten and elevate the standing of society,

ISAAC V. D. R. JOHN.SON, saw and grist mill, Bloomingspnrt, was born
in this county December 3, 1843. He is the son of John Johnsou, who was
born in Ohio August 9, 1812. Mr. Johnson received his education in the dis-
trict schools of this county. The event of hit marriage to Martha A. Vandcr-
griSF, took place November 28, 1866. She is a native of this State, born March
10, 1845. Her parents were natives of New Jersey. Their children are— Will-
iam G., born November 9, 1868; Sarah E., .Vugust 21, 1870; Effie, June 14.
1874 ; Or* S , July 26, 1870, and John A., December 12, 1879. In 1876, Mr.
John-on purchased the saw and grist mill at Bloomingsport. Since tho pur-
chase of this property, he has associated with him in the business, W. S. Rob-
inson, and they are now enjoying a large patronage. Mr. Johnson enlisted in
1862, and took part in numerous battles, among which may be mentioned
Richmond, Ky. ; Arkansas Post and Vicksburg. He belonged lo Company E,
Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry ; was discharged in July, 1865. He is a minister
in the Christian Church. As a soldier, he was brave and fearless. As a Chris-
tian, he ia always found at his post of duty. Hospitable to friend and strnnger,
a kind husband and father, and ever willing to aid in any Inu

It uf S(

iety.

JONATHAN 0. LANE, station agent a
born in Ohio June 16, 1826. His father, Julius Lane, was a native of North
Carolina; his mother, Sarah (Gest) Lane, was born in Georgia. Mr. Lnne was
educated in the district schools of Ohio; was married January 4, 1849, to
Lavina J. Simpson, who was born in Ohio May 2, 1828. They have had horn
to them— Winfield S., December 23, 1849 ; John H., June 4, 1851 ; Lauretta J.,
December 6, 1857; Charles H., September 11, 1869; William B., October 28,
1861; and Ulysses G., born October 16, 1805. Mr. Lane settled in Hancock
County, Ind., in 1850, and was engaged for three years in the saw-milling
business; he then moved to Noblesville, Ind., and opened a grocery, and after

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

0 April I,

reiimining io ihat business for one year he relumed to Hancock (Jounty, and
Again engaged in llie saw-milling business until 18G5, wlien he went into the
nrniy. Company D, Fifiy-third Indiana Infantry, but, on account of ill-health,
■was discharged July 10, 1865. He then purchased a sawmill, and was thus
engaged until July, 187G, when he settled where he now resides, and took
chnige of the station and post office. He is a member of the M. E. Church
and a thorough gentleman.

.MOSES LASLEY, farmer, V. 0. Winchester, was born in Montgomery
County, Ohio, April 1, 1810. He is the son of I'eter Lastey, wlio was born in
I'ennsylvania; his mother, Christina (Carnee) Lasley, was a n.itive of Mary-
land. iMr. Lasley, with his parents, settled in this county in 1SI'.>. He w,w
married iMarcli 28. 18S3, to Margaret .Johnson, who was born in Virginia
August 12, 1812; her father, Henry, and mother, Agnes (Umphres) Johnson,
were natives of Virginia. They have had born to them four children, three of
whom are living— Andrew J., July .SI, 1836 ; Levi J., August 16, 1845; and
Henry H., September !), 18i9 ; Livina, born March 4, 1842, is deceased. Mr.
L-aslcy owns a farm of 735 acres: his house, barns ami improvements show
that he is an industrious, enterprising, prosperous farmer, and one worthy of
imitation. He is a member of Winchester Lodge, F. & A. Jil., No. Mi.

BENJAMIN JIILLER, farmer, P. O. Snow Hill, was horn in Ohio May 22,
1807. He is the son of John and Susanna aVilkens) Miller. The subject of
this sketch came to this county, entered land and settled where he now resides
in 1H3I. He was married in 1833 to I'hoebe Forecytho, and for five years they
journeyed through life toge:her, but, at, the expiration of that time, Mrs. Miller
was called from earth away. Mr. Miller was again married December 26,
1840, to Martha J. Calvert, who was born in Virginia August 15, 181G ; she ia
the daughter of Francis Calvert. This union has been ble3.se<l with eight
children, four of whom are living— Uobert S., born January 23, 1843 : Mary
T., November 24, 1814; Catharine E. S., January II, 1847; and Esther E„
August 3, 18.-)2. Mr. Miller may truly be termed one of the pioneers of the
county, having been a resident for over fifty years; he has, by his untiring in-
dustry, made for himself a very fine fann of H'.O acres ; he is a gentleman who
has gained the confidence and resiect of a large circle of aci|uaintance3,

JOHN MILLEIi, farmer, P. 0. Trenton, was born in Ireland March 15,
1833. His father, William, and mother, Sarah (Clyde) Miller, were natives of
Ireland, The subject of this sketch left his native land, and settled in this
county in 1844; was educated in the district schools of i'
married June 6, 1801, to Margaret J. Porter, who was bf
1845; her fiuher, John, and mother, Margaret (Neal) Po
Ireland. They have had born to them— Sarah B., June 12, 18fj4; Minnie J.,
August n. 1867; Letilia C, July 17, ISlJ'.l ; Thomas P„ Ueoeniber 7, 1871 ; and
,)ohn, October 3(1, 1874, Mr, M, owns a fine farm of 140 acres, and i,s known by
a large circle of friends and acquaintances as an enterprising, industrious gen-
tleman.

WILLIAM T. MILLEIi, farmer, P, O, Trenton, was born in this county
March 22. 1845, His father, William, and mother, Sarah (Clyde) Miller, were
born in Ireland, the former in J.anuary, 1804, and the latter August 15, 1803.
Mr. Miller was educated in the district schools of this county. He was mar-
ried April 15. 1808, to Eunice Dennis, who was born in North Carolina, In
1870, death entered the home circle, and took from it Mrs. Miller and an
iu'ant child. .Mr. Miller then lived with his mother until June 3, 1871,
when lie was married to Viola llaynes, who w.is born in this county September
2.'), 1855; she is the daughter ot Jesse Haynen, who was born in New York;
her mother, Matilda (Cropper) Haynes, was born in Ohio. Their union has
been blessed with— Eunice D.; December 4, 1873; Jesse 0., February 10,
I.H75: William \V. C, .March 10, 1878: and AldeK J. and Ahlen A., who were
born January 3, 1880. »Ir. Miller settled where he now resides in 1871; his
entire farm was at that time a huge forest, but, by industry and hard work, he
hns made of it one among the neatest and best improved farms in the county.
In 1877, Mr. M. erected on his farm, at a cost of $1,000, a barn, which is a
model of beauty and convenience. .Mr. M. is a consistent member of the Soci-
ety of Friends, peaceable, temperate and kind to his family, ami better by far
would the improvements of tlie county be had we more such uien as William
T. Miller.

LSAAC A. MILLS, farmer, V. 0. Trenton, is the son of Jesse .Mills, who
was born in North Carolina December 8, ISO'.t. The subject of this sketch was
born in this county February 13, 1843. He enlisted in 1801 in Company K,

nick ; after remaining in a field hospital for three weeks, he was .sent home,
where he remained until 1862, joining his regiment just before going into the
bi\iileof I'iltslmrg Landing. In .May, while assisting to unload a boat, Mr.
.Mills met with a severe accident, which almost cost him his left hand, on

cook and nurse until he was discharged. Mr. Mills was married in 1805 to
Catherine L. Thornburg, daughter of Daniel Thornburg. This union na-*
blessed with Daniel N., born April 12, 1860, In 1808, Mr. Mills was called
upon to mourn the loss of his wife. He then bntlled the hardships of life alone

born in Indiana Ja'nuary'o, 1844 ; she is the daughter of Isaac remberlon,
who was a native of Ohio, The result of this union has been three children-
Ollic A„ April 6, 1S73; Henry (>,. March 2!l, 1875; and (ieorge E., February
6, 187'.). .Mr. Mills owns a farm of fifty-seven acres in Section 25, and is a
sterling gentleman, highly respected iiy a large circle of friends and acquaint-

anty. In.:

and joiner. He wius married, November 10, 1856, to Cynthia Keard, who was
born in this county May 19, 1840. Their union has been blessed with six
children— Caroline E,, born October 27, 1856 ; George W., March 24, 1869;
Cassius C, September 24, 1801 ; Martin L , April 21, 1864 ; Kosa A„ Decem-
ber 15, 18G7, and Eva N., February 21, 1874. lo 1878, Mr. Mills was elected
Township Trustee, and was again elected to the same office in 1880. He is a
member of the Friends Church. Owns a fine farm of 308 acres in Sections 10
and 15. Is a thorough gentleman, highly respected by a large circle of friends

JOEL A. NEWMAN, farmer P. 0. Bloomingsport, w.as born in Ohio June
30, 183M. His father, Joseph, and mother, Kebecca (I'ugh) Newman, were
natives of Ohio. Mr. Newman was educated in the district schools of Ohio.
He settled in this county in 1855. Mr. N. was married, in 1865, to Sar.h E.
Cornelius, who was born in Wayne County, Ind. Mrs. N. departed this life in
about ten months after their marriage. Mr. Newman was again marjied, July
14, 1858, lo Margaret A. Ellis, who was born in this county June 2l>, 1841.
This union has been blessed with four children- William W., born June 30,
18-59 ; Sarah E., August 17, 1801 ; Emma, February 24, 1864, and James L,,
September 7, 1865, Mr. N. enlisted in 1861, Company C, Nineteenth Indi-
ana Infantry; was promoted to First Lieutenant. Took part in numerous bat-
tles and among them the one at Gainesville, where he was wounded, on account
of which, he shortly afterward resigned, la 1804, Mr, N. was choseu by the
people of this county to act as their Sheriff. He was again elected to the same
office in 1860. Since he retired from office, he has been eitten«ively engaged
in farming. Owns 408 acres of land in this county, and is a gentleman who
is highly respected by a large circle of acquaintances.

AAllON OREN, farmer, P. O, Lynn, was born in this county September
18, 1842. He is the son of Jacob L. Oren, who was born in Ohio April 3,
1813. His mother, Mary (Frazer) Oren, was horn in Ohio May 10, 1813. Mr.
Oren was educated in the district schools of the county. He was married,
November .30, 1805, to Martha Thornburgh, who was bom in Delaware County,
Ind , April II, 1840. Her father, Eilward W. Thornburg, was born in North
Carolina. Her mother. Susanna Thornburg, was born in Ohio. They have
had born to them Albert E., October 25, 1866; Charley J., August 5, 1808;
Edward D., June 28, 1870; Mary L., August 25, 1874; Ira S., January 30,
1877, and Lindley I., June 13, 1879. Mr. Oren enlisted in 1864, Company C,
Thirteenth Indiana Infantry. He spent most of his time in Georgia and Ten-
nessee until June, of 1805, when he was discharged. He owns a farm of 122
acres, and is en enterprising farmer.

JOHN F. OKEN, farmer, P. 0. Trenton, was born in Randolph t^iinty,
Ind. October 10,1848. His father, Jiujob L., and mother, Mary (Frazer)
Oren, were born in Clinton County, Ohio, the former April 3, 1813, and the
latter May 10, 1813. Mr. Oren was educated in the district schools of this
county. He was married, October 10, 1869, lo Mary E. Kennedy, who wa'*
Iwrn in this county March 12, 1862. Her father, Jesse, and mother, Jane
(Hodson) Kennedy, were born in Randolph County, Ind, Mr, Oren owns a
well-improved farm of 120 acres in Section 30, and is classed among the enter-
prising farmers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Oren have had born lo them
Elizabeth A., March 2, 1877, and Leslie J., Marcli 25, 1879.

HBNRV OVLER, farmer, P. 0. Rural, was born in Randolph County, lnd„
July 10, 1821. lie is the son of Valentine and Catharine ( Wysong) Oyler,
The subject of this sketch was married, March 1, 1857, to Mary A. Heaston,
who Wiis born in Montgomery County, Ohio, August 21, 1827, Her father.
Christian Heaston, was a native of Virginia, born October 19, 180f. Her
mi pi her, Sarah (Jessup) Heaston, was born in Kentucky December 5,1802.
Mr. Oyler owns 312 acres of land, and is an extensive farmer. He is a ster-
ling genileman anil is highly respected by all who know him, Mr, and Mrs.
Oyler have had born to them five children, four of whom are living — John C,
January 25, 1868; William H., June 21!, 1859; Arnta A., August 10, 1852,
and Henrietta, November 24, 1809. The deceased one, Sarah C, was born
November 19, 180.5, and died January 8, 1800.

JOHN OYLER, farmer, P. O. Rural, was born in Randolph County, Ind.,
January 22, 1831. He is the son of Valentine Oyler, born in Pennsylvania
January 12, 1783. His mother, Catharine (Wysong) Oyler, was also a native
of Pennsylvania. Mr. Oyler was educated in the district schools of the county.
He was married, Fcbru.iry 13, 1868, to Sarah C. Locke, who was born in Pre-
I ble County, Ohio, March 30 1850, Her father, William Locke, was a native
1 of North Carolina, horn September 1, 1820. Her mother, Mary J. (Robbins)
Locke, was born in New Jersey October 15, 1827, Mr. Oyler owns a fine farm
of 120 acres in Section lo, in which he resides. His house and barn are both
models of neatness and convenience. He is a kind husband, father and an
accommodating neighbor. He has by his integrity and uprightness gained a
large circle of warm friends. To brighten their home, Mr. and .Mrs. Oyler
have been blessed with four children— Thirza, born November 21, 1868 ; John,
December 15, 1S71 : Ota, August 22, 1873, and Lettie, May 31, 1878,

JADEZ DZHUN, farmer and minister, P. 0. Bloomingsport, was horn in
this county April II, 1824. lli-< father, John, and mother, Rebecca (Sargent)
Ozbiin, were natives of North Carolina. He was educated in the Friends
schools of Wayne County, Ind, He was married, October 9, 1853, lo Cynthia
Holloway, who was born in Indiana February 22, 1837. Her father, Isaac, and
mother, Tillie (Thornburg) Holloway, were natives of this county. They have
hud born to them Isaac II., July 25, 1802; Matilda J., April 11, 1805; Orus
E., July 3, 1869, and Elisba J., August 30, 1871. Mr. Ozbun settled where he
now resides in 1853. Was employed as teacher in the district schools of this
and Wayne County for over ten years. He owns a farm of fifty-two acres ; is
a licentiate minister in the New Light Church, and is known as a genileman
whose aim nnd desire is to encourage and leach his fellow-man lo live an ex-
emplary Christian life.

L. F. PEIIiSON, carpruler and miller, Lyrn, is a son of William and Anna
Peirson. His father was burn and raised in North Carolina, and moved io this
county aVout 1828. .and died in September, 1801. His moiherwas born in

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.

North Carolina, and cmigrAlcd to Wayne County, Ind., wilU lier inotlier while
incliiMliood,aud then, a few years laici-, came totliis county, anilin the spring of
18:n married William I'eirson, fatlierof tlie subject of Ihia sketch. Mother is
elill living in WashinRton Township, this county. L. F. married Klizibeth M.
Kinder March 27, 1857. The fruits of this union were two boys, viz. : Ed-
vardo and Christian, and are now living in the vicinity of Arcadia, Hamilton
Co . Ind. He was raised a miller, his fa-.her bein? a miller. He enlisted
in Company E, Eleventh Cavalry One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Indiana Vol-
unteers, December 19, 1803; mustered out .June 19, 18tj5. In September of
same year, he went to railroading as brakeman on what is known as the Pan
Handle Road, and gradually worked bis way to the position of conductor on
first-class passenger trains. Was in several bad smash-ups. Last one was be-
tween Dayton, Ohio, and Michigan Crosiing, when the engine lind baggage-car
rolled into the Miami River. Resigned June 10, 18iVJ. iSiuce that time has
been engaged in carpentering and various occupations. In politics, he is a Re-

JOHN PRICE, farmer, P. 0. Lynn, was born in Warren County, Ohio,
September 30, 1818. His father, Thomas Price, was born in North Carolina
in 1796. His mother, Mary (Detrow) Price, was born in Pennsylvania in
1709. In 1819, Mr. Price was brought by his parents to Wayne County, Ind.,
where he remained until 1844, when he came to this ooiinly. He was married
in 1842 to Jane Whicker, who was born in North Carolina in 1823. This
union was blessed with one child — Mary E.— who was bora in 1847. Mrs.
Price died in 1861. Mr. Price was again married, September 20, 1863, to
Martha A. Piersori, who was born in Kentucky July 24, 1835. This union has
been blessed with one child— Harriet A., born March 30, 1805. Mr. Price
owns a neat farm of seventy-nine acres, one mile north of Lynn, on which he
has been residing since 1872. He is a thorough gentleman, and is highly re-
spected, by a large circle of friends and acquaintances.

JAMES PRICE, farmer, P. O. Lynn, was born in Wayne County, [nd.,
August 23, 1828. He is the son of Thomas and Mary (Delrow) Price, the
former born in Chatham Cjunty, N. C, in 1796, and the latter in Pennsylvania
in 1799, Mr. Price was married, October 18, 18-50, to Lydia Woofier, who was
born in Wayne County, Ind., October '>, 1832. She is the daughter of John
and Frances (Budge) Woofter, the former orn in Virginia in 1800, and the lat-
ter in North Carolina in 1804. Mr. Price became a resident of this -. ty in

a gentleman who believes in advancement. He settled where he now resides
in 1870. He owns 240 acres of land in the county, and is an exemplary farmer
and stock-raiser. Mr. and Mrs. Price hav; eight children, viz. : Armilda J.,
born July 22, 1851 ; Philip O., December 24, 1853 ; Thomas J., February 2,
1859; Edward R., April 12, 1803; Frederick 0., October 12. 1805; Albert II.
and Alpheus H., November 9, 1807, and Evy E., born December 28, 1870.

ABRAHAM SHEELV.
Abraham Sheely, the subject of this sketoh, has been a long known and
honored citizen of this county. lie was born in Greene County, Ohio, .\ugiist
0. 1838, and is the s>n of William and Permelia (Hanby) Sheely. Of six chil-
dren, Abraham is the third, three of whom are now living. His father and
mother were both born in Greene County, Ohio, the former in 1811, and the
latter in 1813. They were never residents of this State, but lived and died in
Ohio. Abraham was raised on a farm, and received a limited eduction from
the common district schools of Ohio. His youthful days were uneventful, save
that his lot as a farmer boy was beset with many privations and hard labor.
In August, 18C2, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Tenth Ohio In-
fantry, and served his country with fidelity fir three years. He look an active
part in the battles of Winchester, Locust Grove, Mine Run and the terrible
and bloody battles of the " Wilderness." In the last-named battles, he was
severely wounded in the left limb, above the knee, from the effects of which
he has never entirely recovered, and ou account of which is drawing a small
Governmunt pension. After being wounded, he was placed in the hospitals of
Fredericksburg and Washington city, whore he remained until the close of the
war. He was discharged July 10, 1865. He entered the army as a private ;
was a gallant and faithful soldier, never sought promotion and was always
ready for duty. At the close of the war, he came to this State, and settled on
a farm in Delaware County, where he remained for four years. Ho then came
to Randolph, and settled on the farm where he now resides. He is owner and

: of New

d was born April 10, 1795. Her

Mary (Wentworth) Palmer, was born in the State of Maine March 30, 1794.
.Mr. and Mrs. Shoely are the parents of one child, a very interesting daughter
— Mary Louisa, born December 10, 18lj5. Mr. Sheely has been a very indus-
trious and frugal man. All that he possesses, he owes to his industry and en-
terprise. He is a useful and honored member of the Christian Church, lie is
also an active member of the Randolph County Agricultural Society, ami has
filled several important offices in this society. He gives especial attention lo
the raising of hogs and cattle, in addition to the cultivation of all kinds of
grain. Mr. and Mrs. Sheely and their daughter are honored and useful mem-
bers of society.

BENJAMIN SMITH, farmer, P.O. Bloomingspurt. Born iu this county
August 10, 1828. His father. Temple Smith, was born in Kentucky July 20,
1805. His mother, Priscilla (Crosby) Smith, was a native of Alabama, born
May 5, 1810. Mr. Smith was married, April 12, 1849, to Ellen Engle, who
was born in New Jersey October 3, 1828. Her father and mother, Job and
Louisa C. (Foreman) Engle, were natives of New Jersey Mr. and Mrs. Smith
have had born to them— Isaac, June 23,1850; Wesley 0., September 15, 1857;
John, March 12, 1800; Mary, August 12, 1865; Priscilla, March 12, 1808,
and Rosella, born March 20, 1871. Mr. Smith owns a well improved farm of
160 acres in Section 13, on which he resides. He is always frank nnd always
hospitable to friend and stranger; a kind husband and father, and genial as a
companion and associate.

OBEDIAH STILWELL, farmer, P. O. Lynn. This estimable gentleman,
born in Preble (^ounly, Ohio, March 25, 1832, is the son of Obediah and Mar-
garet (Francis) Slilwell, who were natives of New Jersey, the former born
April 18, 1789, and the latter September 27, 1790. The subject of this sketch
has been — with the exception of one year during 1857-58, which was spent iu
Joe Daviess County, III.— a resident of this county since 1839. The event of his
marriage took place .September 23, 1852. The chosen companion through life,
Miss Achsah Hill, was born in Randolph County, Ind., January i2, 1830; she
is the daughter of Henry and Achsah (Peacock) Hill, who were natives of
Randolph County, N. 0. Mr. and Mrs. Stilwell have been blessed with two
children- George A., born June 28, 1863, and deceased August 14, 1854, and
Henry C, born August 11, 18.58. Mr. S. is a fliember of Lynn F. & A. M.,
No. 223; he owns a well improved farm of eighty acres in Section 4, on which
he resides; he and his worthy lady enjoy the respect and confidence of a large
circle of friends and acquaintances.

JE.SSE THORNBURGH, farmer, P. O. Bloomingsport, was horn iu this
county January 17, 1836; he is the son of N. Thornburgh. Mr. Thornburgh
was educated in the district schools of the county ; he was married, December
9, 18.55, to Elizabeth Bales, who was born in Wayne County, Ind. They have
born to them, Melinda E., June 15, 1800. In 1862, Mr. Thornburgh was called
upon to mourn the loss of his beloved wife; he then battled with the hardships
of life alone until .lune 9, 1804, when he married Sarah J. Hiatt, who was a
native of Ireland, born October 10, 1837. She is the daughter of William and
Sarah (Clyde) Miller, who were born in Ireland, the former January, 1804,
and the latter August 15, 1803. They have had born to them— Martha W.,
November 1, 1867, and Jesse E, January 18, 1877. Mrs. Thornburgh had by
her first husband, Mr. Hiatt, Rebecca E., born October 20, 1858, and William
L., April 17, ISeO. Mr. Thornburgh owns a farm of eighty acres in Section 1,
and is a genial gentleman.

DiVIU W. WILMORE, teacher, P. 0. Johnson; he is the son of John L.
ami Mary (Lasley) Wilmore, who are natives of this Slate, the former born in
Wayne County September 19, 1831, and the latter in Randolph County May 23,
1833. The subject of this sketch was born in Adams County, Ind., June 22,
1854; he was educated at Union City and at the high school of Winchester;
began teaching in 1872, and since then has spent the larger part of his time in
the school -room as teacher. The event of his marriage took place November 1,
1879, the chosen partner for life being Mi.«3 Alice Lasley, who was born in
this county March 1, 1855. Mr. Wilmore is a genial gentleman, and is uni-
ver«.ally esteemed by all who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Wilmore have had
boru to them a son— Jay C, August 20, 1880.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

FTS l.mindmics ;it invscut are as follows: North by White River
1 and StDUV CrtM.k. cast liy Washinjjtou, south liy Waynt< Coun-
ty, wi'st l.y Nettle Creek and SUmy Creek.

West Kiver Townslii(> was laid oft' in May, 1831. then com-
l.risiiif,' all west i\t Huut-sville and eij,d)t miles north and south,
takiiJif the whole southwi^steni portion of the county, and by
w(wif>ral changes tjocame what it now is. Its extent is forty square
miles, eight miles north and south, and livd miles f^ast and west.
It embraces the north half of Townshi]> 18 and the south half of
TownsShi-i) 111 (except a strip of one mile wide on the oast side),
and is wholly in Rantre Vd east. The sections in the township
me: as follows: Township 18. Range 13 oast: Sections 2. 3, 4,
5 ('.. 7. 8, il. 10. 11, 14, 15. 10, 17, 18; Township lU, Range
i:i: Sections 7, 8. It, 10, 11, 14, 15, 10, 17, 18, 1«, 20, 21, 22,
23. 20, 27. 28, 2'.l, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35.

The township takes in West River Valley (so far as it lies
in Randolph County), as also the head-waters of Mai-tindale
Creek, running southward into White Water, and of Cabin Creek,
flowing northward into White River.

The re;_ri,in is rich and beautiful, the surface is rolling and
the scenery pictmesque; the country is capable of a high culti-
vation, and much of it is already brought to that condition; the
farms are fertile and well tilled. The muddy roads of the past
have lai'gely given ])laco to the smooth, leveled, graveled pikes of
the ]iresent era. Avhich extend i)i several directions along and
across the surface. It was settled as oai'ly as 1810, and perhaps
even sooner than that. Hugh Botkin entered the township in
ISIO, settling southeast of Huntsville, near where now rises to
view the stately, hospitable mansion of his worthy and enterpris-
iug sou. William M. Botkin, Esq. AVhen he came he found al-
ready here several settlers, the exact date of whcse urrival, how-
ever.' is noi now known. Among them were those: Mr. Odle,
one mile .v>utli of Botkins; Joshua Wright, one-half mile
south of Br.tkin's; .lesse Cox, east of Mr. Wright's; Jonah
Heaton. tliice miles northwest of Huntsville. Seven entries
had l«r,.i, made iu 1S15. and three were made in 1810. IMi-.
Botkin rireeted his entry of land September 2'.», 1817, ^V. N. E.
3. IS. 1;!, 80.20 acios, and before his had been sixteen entries.
Joshua Wright (probably with his brother James) purchased
his tract nine days before, and Jesse Cox seventeen days after
Mr. Botkin. The other names toxce])! Jonah Hoaton's) do not
appear at all as patentees. They were either " squatters " or
liviuT on lan<l entered by some one else. Jonah Heaton "entered"
iu ISI',1. William M. Botkin says that in 1817 there came to
the re.i.m several settlers, viz.. Joshua Ballingor, Samuel Jack-
s,m, \^ileiiliiiM (iil.s.n, William Gil>.s(jn. Joseph Hollingsworth
(luiugUI I'lit ,Mj-. Oilli'i, W illiiim I'eacock (afterward Associate
J\id'">i. Mu-t of 11). 'SI. uaiiirs stand among the list of entries,
some ,,f 111,. in. Ii.,w..v..r, not till the lai)se of several years. Will-
iam Smill. (MH..' n|,..n West Itiver siniKnvhere west of Botkiu's,
ih.ai- til.. ■ l...iin.liLiv,"" .\n;.ni^t, ],SI7, and Jeremiah Smith says
thai 111. foll-.^Mii' «..!■.. ill the neighborhood when his father

I place now. All of these except two were located on Sections 7,
8, 17 and 18. Township 18, Range 13, in West River Vall.^y.
Those near Hugh Botkin's were farther east. William Blount
made the first entry in the township, in Section 8, now tlie Ret/,
homestead farm, Ai^ril 10, 1815. H(jdge and Barnes made their
entry in July, 1815. They did not move to their land till 1818.
Mr. Smith states that tlu^y came out from Pennsylvania and
mado their purchases, and returned to the East, coming back tn
settle in 1818. Moses Martindale was unquestionably a very
early settler, among the first if not the very first in the region.
He made his first entry September 2, 1817, E. i N. E. \ 14, 18, 13,
the extreme boutheastern corner of what is now West River Town-
ship. In two weeks' time, ho took up ouothor tract, E. 1 S. AV. \
11, 18, 13. on the head- waters of the stream which gained the
name (doubtless from him as the first settler upon its banks) of
Martindale Creek. These entries of Martindale's were south and
southeast of Botkin's, and near the other settlers in that vicinity.
Of course, others also had found their way into the wild woods,
but we have not been able to trace them.

The Congressional townships with the sections have already
been named. The number of acres in West River Township is
about twenty-five thousand six hundred.

The entries on record to the end of 1829 are given herewith:

.■ll V

intv:

II. I 1,1:

einne in IMS, as did also J.ihn E Ibulges, William Hunt and
l'"ivi|i.rick Zimiuevman. Few of tlu'in ap|.car as patentees.
i;v;ui Slioeniakei- lived (m the tr;i<'t east nf flic -'boundary," and
jn^t across huux the Monnt Pleasant M..|li.).list Me.^ting-House.
Ml. Zimm.Truanb. m. .-lit. mt the Blount place, and re-,ideil there till
111. ,ii..,l. an.l his .laaght.T Anna (wid.iw of .b.lm H,.t/.) ..ecui-ies the

William Blount, S. W. 8, LS, 13, April 10, 1815: Lot Hud-
dieston, N. W . 17, 18, 13, May 3, 1815; John Jones, Fractional
Section IS, IS, 13, May 3, 1815; Jotfn E. Hodge, N. W. 8, 18.
13, Julv 0, 1815; Isaac Barnes, Section 7, 18, 13, July 0, 1815;
Arnv Hall, E. S. E. 17, 18, 13, Octob.-r 12, 1815; Cornelius
Shane, N, E. 8, IS, 13, Julv 0, 1815: David Moore. W. S. W.

17. 18, 13. May 14, 1810; Thomas Croford, S. E. S, 18, 13, Sep-
temb^ 30, 1810; James Malcom, N. E. 17, 18, 13, October 12.
1810; William Smith, Sections 5 and 0, 18, 13. May 18, 181C.;
Achilles Morris. W. S. W. 9, 18, 13, Aug. 30, 1817; Moses
Martindale, E. S. E. 14, 18, 13, September2, 1817; Mosea Martin-
dale. E. S. W. 11, 18,13. September 15, 1817; Joshua and James
AVright, S. E. 3, 18. 13. Se])tomber 20, 1817; James and M.
Thornburg, W. N. W. 10, 18, 13, September 2(), 1817; Hugh Bot-
kin, W. N. E. 3, 18, 13, September 0, 1817; Jesse Cox, S. W. 2,

18. 13, October 10, 1817; Jonathan Cox, N. W. 15, 18, 13, Octo-
ber 10, 1817; Power-B and Drew, Section 32, IS, 13, October 2'J,
1817; E. D. Williams, N. E. 10, LS, 13. November 7, 1S17;
Jonathan Cox, S. W. 15. IS, 13, Decembar 13. 1817; Seth Pvode-
baugh, S. W. 10, 18, 13, Februarv 23, 1818: William Smith.
W. S. E. 9, LS, 13, Ai.ril 7, 1818; Thomas Gillam, E. .', Section
9, 18, 13, April 29, 1818; Joseph Hollingsworth, N. W. 11. 18,

I 13, June 3, ISIS; Daniel Jones, N. E. 11. 18. 13. June 4, 1S18;
I Daniel Jones, S. E. 11. 18, 13. June 4. 1818; John Cox. N. E.
' 9, 18. 13. Sei.tember IS, 1818; Joseph Hollingsworth, W, N.
I W. 2, 18. 13. October 10, ISbS; William Peacock, N. E. 14,
. 18. 13, December 22, ISIS; Oliver Walker. S. W. 21. 18, 13.
I March 27, 1819; Oliver Walker, N. E, 28, IS. 13, March 27,
I 1819; Oliver Walker, N. W. 28. 19. 13. March 27. 1819; Jonah
' Heaton. W. S W. 2S. 19. 13. March 27. 1819; Oliver Walker.
j W. S. E. 21. 19, 13. Mav 5. 1SI9; John Jackson. W. N. E. 33.

19. 13, June 17. IS19; Joseph Hollings\W)rth. Parts S and 9, HI,
! 13, October 1;'.. 1S19; .John Jaeksou. W. N. AV. 33. i9. 13. \o-
1 vembor 12. IS]'.): Sam Heaton. E. S. W. 28. 11). 13. Mav 2. 1821;

James Stanley. Jr., Frac-tiou E. S. E. 9. IS, 13. .lulv 20. 1.822; John

i .BalHnger. S. S. K. S. 19. 13. November 1.']S22, John Ballin-

ger, N. E. 17. 19. 1.3. November I, 1822; Jonas Lykins, S. E.

17. 19, 13. December 22. 1822; Lemuel Vestal, N. K. 8, 19, 13.

--^— ^^^B:^

r^

^'^mm

Mrs. C.M.Stevenson

f^^m^rfi

Res cf C.M.Stcv. >

ivER Tp Ranoolph Co Ind

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

September 10. 1S23; Stepliim Brewer, S. J S. ^ 20. 19, 1*. Jan-
uary 2rt, 1825; Samuel lliilile. N, S. E. 8, I J), 13, June 24, 1825;
Robert Gibson, E. S. E. \\), 19, 13, August 22, 1825; Valentine
Gibson, \V. N. E. 19, 19, 13. January 8, 182fi; Thomas Worth,
W. S. E. 17. IS, 13, September 2f5. 1827; Bmson Wright, E. S.
W, 8, 19, 13, June 10, 1828; Zaeh Dallc^y, S. W. S. E. 31, 19,
13, July 2, 1828; William Denton, S. .\ 20, 19, 13, Novembpr
1, 1828; Nancy Barnett, N. W. S. E. 31, 19, 13, August 27,
1828; Thomas Wilkinson, W. N. E. 7, 19, 13, Octobor 7, 1829;
John H. Denton, W. S. E. 30. 19, 13. October 13, 1S29; Rich-
ard Rob))inB (colored), N. W. 18. 19, 13, October 17, 1829; Bas-
il Hunt, E. N. VV. 33, 19, 13. November 2. 1829.

The entries by j'oars have 1)fc>on as below: 1815, seven entries,
1,230.08 acres; 1810, tliree entries, 400 acres; 1817, twelve
entries, 1,831.98 acres; 1818, nine entries, 1,440 acres; 1819,
eight entries. 826.44 acres; 1820, no entries; 1821, one entry,
80 acres; 1822, four entries, 322.96 acres; 1823, one entry,
159.37 acres; 1824, no entry; 1825, three entries, 228.97 acres;
1826, one entry, 80 acres; 1827, one entry, 80 acres; 1828, four
enla-ies, 405.20 acres: 1829, four entries, 331.88; total entries
58; total acre.-?, 7,417.48; being an average of 128 acres per
entry. The amount as above comprises about one-fourth of the
land in the township.

The " new boundary" pp.sses through the western part of the
township in an angular direcHon, yet the sections are not frac-
tional, since the survey is reckoned frdm the Second Meridian.
The meridian and the base line were located and the range lines
estimated, and then the land east of the "new boundary" was
surveyed first, and, in process of time, that west of the twelve-
mile strip was surveyed also.

We have boon able to trace but few " first things " for West
River Township. The beginning and progress of religious work
may be seen in the detailed statomeut for the churches.

The mills were mostly in other portions of the county, and
West River was not miucli of a. mill stream near its upper course,
and these settlecs went chiefly down into Wayne County to find
milling faqilities already in o[>era'ion. William Smith is said
lo have started a mill of some kind, but whether by horse or
water power wo cannot state. He was a blacksmith as well as a
farmer, and one of the earliest things he did was to put up a shop
in, which to work at his trade. Thase smith shops were scattered
over the county at variovis points, though we can name but few.
Richard Robbins had one farther north in Stony Creek; James
Frazier and his son Francis after him worked as a smith east of
Lynn. The Fraziers were of a superior sort, being bell-makors
as well as smiths. Fr.incis Frazier, still living, boasts highly
of the bells and the razors he can make. He declares that he
has heard ono of his cow bells seven miles, and that he can oven
now hammer out a razor that will beat the "boughten razors all
hollow," At any rate, the old pioneer is a hale, cheerful octogo-
aarian, and has been famous as Francis Frazier, the boll-maker,
for half a century.

Several families of Hunts came into thai locality from Ken-
tucky— shrewd, energetic, upright people, who have left their
mark, and many of their posterity also in this region. Most or
all of th<'m were Methodists, and one at least was a preacher.
Rev, William Hunt, or "Old Billy Hunt," as he was familiarly
called, for many years until his death not very long ago. Com-
ing from Kentucky as they did, and Ijelonging to the well-to-do
classes, it was but natural that they should oppose the Abolition-
ists, which most ot them did with a hearty good will for years
during the early days of that struggle. The logic of events, how-
ever, is its own teacher, and most of their descendants of the pres-
ent day are, like the mass ot Randolph citizens, stalwart Republi-
cans. One notable exception exists, however, in ono of the sons of
"Old Billy Hunt," Hon, Miles Hunt, who, in spite of all the
turnings and ovort-urnings in National affairs during fifty j'ears,
clings still to the name of Democracy, except that of late yeai's
he has " nailed his flag to the mast " on the " Prohibition ship,"
and intends to stick to the colors, " sink or swim."

West River Township, as also Nettle Creek, w.is in 1824 the

scene of a most terrific Ixjrnado, which tore and twisted the giant
forest trees for miles into inextricable confusion. This immense
mass of timber lay for a decade or less upon the surface of the
ground, and ]iresented a literally imj)assable banner. The fallen
timber furnished in fact abundant opportunities for concealment,
and in some cases fugitive slaves hid themselves in its coverts
from their pursuers. In one instance, a man-hunter, baffled of
his prey by this im)>regnable refuge, asked one ot the old Alio-
litiohists how far the fallen timber reached. The stu''dy pioneer,
determined both to keep the truth on his side and to inystify his
(juestioner, replie<l: "Four or five miles west, and how far int<j
Ohio I never heard." The fact hidden beneath this verbiage was
that the fallen timber extended perhaps a mile east, and to the
Ohio lino wa.s fiftecm or twenty miles. But the slave-catcher
never got any runaways out from that awful tangled, twisti^d,
piled-up mass of tree trunks and brush and fresh-grown shrubs,
all heaped into ono vast untraceable labyrinth of mystery.

This same gang of man-hunters (for there were sevt>ral)
threatened to come and clean out that terrible place. "Do,"
was the reply; " we wish you would; it ought to be away, but
none here has ever had the courage to begin the work." The
villains swore awhile and cursed the Abolitionists, and then they
let the fallen timber stay where it was, as other peojile before
them had done. The jangle is said moreover to have been em-
ployed also as a den for a gang of robbers and counterfeiters,
whose operations caused much trouble, some arrests and several
trials in the attemjit to rout the pestilent gang from the county.

One party is stated to have been in so desperate a pinch upon
trial for jiassing counterfeit money, that, on asking to let him
800 the bill a moment, it was handed to him, when lo, (jniok as a
fla.sh, he swallowed the bank note, and the case against him had
to bo dropped, for the evidence had gone down his throat. U^ion
the coui't record the name of this very man apjiears coupled with
a criminal charge, and upon that entry Mr. Smith makes sub-
stantially thi.s comment: " Here is the first appearance of this
name in the court records of Randolph, but not by any means
the last, for it adorns (or otherwise) these pages off and on for
at least twenty-five years to come. "

Some old men tell tales, not needful to repeat at length, of
charges and arrests and attempts at rescue, of prominent names
coupled with rumors of forgoiy and counterfeiting, of surmis(ts
against residents of the region for the concealment of the haunts
and the implements of crime among the secret coverts afforded
by the fallen timber. But the gangy, if there were any, are long
ago scattered, and the guilty parties, if there were such, have
gone to meet the Judge of the living and the dead, and no special
good could arise from imoarthing the ancient charges made, and
the ugly surmises indulged in, and the evil rumoi-s afloat upon
the air, against any or all the parties supposed or oven known to
havb belonged to these ancient gangs of men in league for un-
lawful purposes. God is just; let Him administer the penalty for
crime, if any there may have been, in His own appointed way.

Let not the oblocpiy existing against men in those wild and
uncouth times be revived or renewed against their relations smd
descendants, now fi-ee from reproach and innocent of evil intent
or conduct.

The same region was remarkable also, moreover, as having
furnished the place for an enormous pigeon roost located in the
woods not very far from Huntsville during several years. Sea-
son after season would gather at the same spot countless millions
of those feathered and winged bipeds, remaining for months to
lay their eggs and hatch and rear their young. Subjected as
they were to ceaseless attacks by men and boys, and losing hun-
dreds and thousands of their number every year, after some time
had elapsed, the annual gatherings seemed gradually to decrease
in amount, and finally the famous pigeon roost became entirely
deserted. The merciless cruelty of the featherless and wingless
bipods, who would tramp for miles through the woods to reach
this helpless mass of fluttering and roaring life to make their
causeless and deadly attacks upon these unsuspecting and be-
wildered victims was fearful. Mention may be found, slightly
more at length po.ssibly, in the reminiscences, of both the matters

392

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

briefly touched upon nljovc. Tho pigeuunjostlicasbuon forsiikon
probably for full fifty years, and the fallen timber has been
cleared away In- natural decay, by human foil and by lire, that terri-
ble destroyer of the works both" of nature and of man. for nearly
;ls long a time; and now no visiliie token, no trace is left to t^-U
of the imspeakable havoc which on that sulti-y July afternoon in
the summer of 1S24 was made by that rumbling, crashing,
thundering tempest as during those hom-s of mortal terror it lay
in most terrific power, 'whirling and tearing and twisting thos(i
giant tree trunks as though thoy had been but chaff and stubble
beneath its might. Nothing is left, in fact, except the memory
of tho terrible storm in the minds of a very few elderly ]iersons,
and a name— Fallen Timber— a potty country post office at a
lone farmhouse miles away from even tho pretense or semblance
of a town. It o.ight to be said, perhaps, that this post office
finds it habitat not iu West Kiver. but in Nettle Creek Town-
ship, which lies adjoining tho former on the west.

FIRST scnooi..
Ira Swain, whoso father came in JMD to Wayne County near
Randolph line, savs that the first school in that neiglioorhood
was hehl in a little cabin. ]4xlS feet, near David Moore's, prob-
ably in ISKi or 1817. The floor was puncheons and .so was the
door, and the lienches were si)lit poles with legs put iu with an
auger hole, The (jider pupils got wood enough at noon. That
could be done without much trouble, though it took a large
quantity of wood. But the ti-eos wer(^ close at hand, and all
that was needed was to take care that in felling they did not hit
the house nor tho children.

Hugh Botkin was a tanner, and he had a tanyard iu'opera-
on imly a short time after making a settlement in the county;
id sonic of the old troughs that were made and put into the
u-th more than sixty years ago are there in tho ground yet, and
■m and sound and solid still.

Township IS, Kange 13— Sections 2. U. 15,1817. 1S37. Jesse
Cox. Achilles Morris. J(mathan Cox; Section 3, 1817. ISSO, .1.
and J. Wright, September 21). 1817; Sections 4. (5. IS:]:), 1837;
Sections 5. 14. 1817, 1M38, William Smith, Moses Martiudale
Section 7, 1815, 1S31. Isaac Barnes. July (i. 1815; Section .8,
ISir,, 1810. William Blount. April 10, 1815; Section 10. 1S17,
1835. J. and M. Thornburg, September 17. 1817; Section 11.
1817. 1831. Moses Martiudale, September 15. 1817; Section 10,
school lands; Section 17. 1815, 1835. Job Huddloston, Mav 3,
18t5; Section 18, 1815, 1831. John Jones. May 3. 1815 (where
Evan Shoemaker lived).

■T.,wiislnp v.). Kange 13~S,.cti<ms 7, 18. 1829,1830: Sec-
tion S is-ji:. l^:'.l;: Section {). I^is. ISIO. Thomas Gi Hum. April
21). ISlS; S.H-tiou 1(1. is:!:t. lS:;r,; Sp.-tion 11. 1832, 1830; Sec-
tion 14. is:;,"). |S:ir,; Suction I •'• IS'iO, 18:'.5. John Adamsou,
December D. 1820: Section Ki. school land, 1831. 1832, probably
first sold in county; Section 17, 1822, 1835. Johu Bellinger; Sec-
tions 11). 20, 1825,1830, Valentine (Hbson, Stephen Brewer;
Sections 21, 28, 181U, 1834, Oliver Walker. Jonah Heaton: Sec-
tions 22, 27, 1S33, 1835: Sections 2:!, :i0, 3.-.. 1S35, bsyC; Sec-
tion 20, 1830: Secti<m 2'.), IS34, is:ic,; ,S,.dio,> :!1, 1\L'\ 1830;
Section 32. 1S17, 1S38, P.nveis and Divnv, Sr^tiou :!:|, 181U,
183C,. .T.,hn Jacks.m; Section 3 1. is:!i, 1S3C,. I',.i,.r Bolkin.

Entries in AVest liiver extended as to time of making them
from' 18 15 to 1838 inclusive.

T>roprietors, William Gillnm, John Hoast(m, Benjamin Pea-
coc" ■ iwenty-five lots, two streets — Washington, east and west:
'^hi- ■, north and south. Location, Sections 3, 4. 0 and 10. 10.
1!, i 1 West River and White River Townslii,r,, Cvonlod -tnlv
:,l^oi. The first store was built in IS.M; licnp-miin Tc-icock
s : up a hotel: E/ckiel Kirk and Benjamin Iloaslon «,•,■,. orit,'inai
1- ..'dents; Dr. Keen lived there awhile, as H\>a did Or. I'.lnnieji.
b,i h. There has been a Presbvtorian Church. Init it has s^ouo
down, and tho house has been used as a barn for n.anv vea.s.

Tho business now is as follows: Two stores, one saw-mill, one
smith shot), one tile fiictory, one wagon shop, one church, a post
office. Tlie princi|.al mei'i are: Robert Starbuck, farmer, land-
lord, merchant; .loshuu . I ohuscm, blacksmith; Isaac Vaughn, saw-
mill man; David (hay. tile maker; Simeon Gray, tile maker.
Robert Starbuck owns 000 acres of land; Joshua Johnson owns
two or three hundred acres. Buena Vista contains fifteen houses
and seventy-five people. The town is much decayed. It is si.\
miles from Winchester, three and one-half miles from Huijlsville,
eight miles fi-om Farmland. The name of the post office is CeiTo
Gordo, and the Postmaster is Joshua Johnson. The country
around Buena Vistti is very g.iod. Residents near Buena Vista
are John Jenkins, Leroy Starbuck, Welcome Starbuck, Walter
Starbuck, Jesse Ryuard, Tyre Puckett, William Demory, etc.

Buena Vista is joined by ]ukes with Winchester, Unionsport,
Huntsville, Economy, etc. It has no railroad. Its most conven-
ient railroad point was at Winchester, but the Indianapolis.
Bloomingtou & Western ro.ad, built in 1881-82, lies not very far
from the town. The region is well settled, and tilled with
thriving and prosperous farmers. Unionsport is quite near
Buena Vista, only two miles distant. A meeting-house con-
nected with a burying gi-ound is about half a mile west of
the town on the pike between the two villages. The church
was built a short time ago by a union effort, and was given into
tho care of the Friends, who occupied it for a time, but their oc
cupancy has measurably ceased, and it stands nearly or quite
vacant, at least for the present.

There used to bo a Wesleyan Church in the vicinity, but it
has ceased its activity, the members having died or moved away
or, as in some cases, joined other branches of tho Christian body.

Twenty eight lots. Miles and William Hunt, proprietors.
Location, Sections 27 and 28. 19, 13, near the head of Cabin
Creel.-. Recorded March (5, 1834.

Keoner's Addition— Stei)hen Keener, proprietor; eight lots,
four outlots. Recorded December 29, 1848,

Hunt's Addition — Twenty -nine lots, Bezal Hunt, proi)rietor.
Recorded August 23, 1850. William J. Sheai'er, surveyor.

Distances — Arba, fifteen miles; SpartansbiU'g, fifteen miles:
Bloomingsport , seven miles; Lynn, eight and one-halt miles;
Winchester, nine miles: Losnntville, eight and one-halt miles;
Unionsport, three miles; Macksville, nine miles.

James Pugh had a tanyard in 1834; MilesHuut kept store; Par-
ker Jewett had a smith shop. Huntsville stands i u a tine and f niit-
ful region far enough from other and larger towns to have some
room to flourish. It has become quite a tiu-iving country village,
and seems likely to grow somewhat in time to come. Merchants
in the town have been: Absalom Hunt, J. W. Keener. Andrews
Bros.. S. Holhster. Richard Jobes, Harvey Patty. Stephen Coffin,
Rufus K. Mills. James N. Cropper. Levi Johnson. Crop])er &
Bro.. R. C. Miller & Son, C. S. Htint (druggist). Edward Cox
(druggist). Physicians: Drs. Hunt, Chcnoweth, Miller, Jordan
Jobas, Eikenbery. Smith. Harvey, Parsons.

J, C. Pascal established a wagon shop thirty years ago. J,
C. Harvey has a wagon shop now, and so has C. Pastor. The
business ot tho town is as stated below: Two carpenters, three dry
goods stores, one drug store, throe smith shops, two -wagon shops,
one milliner store, one green house, one church (Methodist
Episcopal), one schoolhouse. one shoe shop, one grist mill,
two saw-inills. ona harness shop, one post office (Trenton),
one butcher shop, two hotels, two tile factories, one cabinet
shop, one i>ictm'o shop, three physicians, one lodge F. A. M.,
one lodge 1. O. O. F.. one Porter's Temperance League, one at-

Pe

. fai-nierand millman; Daniel Cropper, hotel
ianelt, attorney: Jeremiah Hiatt, lumberman
.■^ r.. Kobertson, phy.sician; H. C. Hunt, phy-
aii. ^.liysiciau; E. C. Miller, merchant; E. T.
; Levi .lohnson. merchant: Kepler, Lamm &
Mim; .lohnHarvev, blacksmith; Charles Pas-
.•uins (!. llarvev, blacksmith and wagon shop;

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

393

James Harris, smith: Jacobs & Gwj'nn, carpenters; John S.
Hiirvey, shoemaker; Josepli C. i'uttlo, cfibinet shop; L. H. Gra-
ham, butcher; Sylvania (iaiTett, milliner; Eikonbcrry Bros.,
picture shop: Gordon & Willi.s. tile factory: Jeny Ely. tile
factory; Peck, Methodist Episcopal Pastor; AVilliam Gnnn.
harness shop; Edward Cos, druggist.

HESIDENTS IN VICINITY.

W. M. Botkin. ex-Commissioner and farmer, two and one-half
milo.'i Boutlicast; W. S. Hunt, farmer, etc., one mile northwest;
J. J. and \y. T. Farqnhur. sheep growers; Joshua J. Shepherd,
farmer and hog-raisor; .Jesse Haines, farmer and liog-raiser;
John H. Lewis, farmer; Robert B. Hunt, farmer; A. J. Christo-
pher, cuttle-raiser: Ira Swain, farmer and Postmaster. Swain's
Hill: A. S. Crojiper. farmer and carpenter; Charles W. Osborn.
farmer; .lohn Jenkins, farmer; John T. Hnnnicutt. fanner; Jo-
seph Cox, f.irmor; Stejihen Keener, farmer and cheese-maker;
Jacob Faniuhm-. farmer and stock-raiser. There are in Hunts-
ville forty dwellings, twenty-one bnsinass houses, fifty familias.
forty-two voters and 103 inhabitants. Distances: Economy,
seven miles; Lynn, seven miles: Bloomingsport, seven miles;
Winchester, eight and om-half miles; Unionsport. three miles.

Huntsville is connected by pike with Winchester. The town
is incor|xjrated for school jmrposes, though why it is hard to see.
The village is so small and the i)eople so few that one is at a loss
for any good reason for such a movement, yet if they are suited
wo do not know as other jieople have any right to complain.

The jTOst office at Huntsville is called Trenton. It would be
liettor to call the place so, too. To have the tf)wn differ in name
from the post office is a needless trouble, and brings much cdii-
fusioii. The Indianapolis. Bloomington & Western llailroad is
near the town.

No town; Section T,. S. K!; five nailes from Losantville:
three miles from Huntsville: near the twelve mile Ixmudarv at
Ira Swain's.

Swain's Hill is simply a post office. Mr. Swain is a pronii-
nent settler, and an inHuential partisan, and desired u |>ost dllire
to be located in the vicinitvfor the convenience ,.r his ii,.igl,l)nrs
and himself; and his dwelling being on a siglitiv nud beanlifnl
hill, the name of Swain's Hill was conferre.! uu (!ie nlKce. and
Ira Swaiii himself wai3 made Postmaster.

Location, 3, 4. S and '.I. llj. ].3, in AVhite River and in West
River 'J'owuships. two miles Avistof Buena Vista: Hiram Menden-
hall, projirietor; thirty-two lots; S. D. Woodworth, surveyor.
Recortled March 30, 1S37. Streets: north and south. East, Sum-
mit, Meridian; east and west, North, Franklin, Main. The town
seems to have been well supplied with streets.

Bloomingsport, six miles: Maxville, three and one-half miles;
Himtsville. three miles; Winchester, seven miles; Lynn, nine
miles; Buena Yista, two miles.

John O. Wattles lectured in this region some forty years
ago. and induced a company to fomi a comnmnity in about
1840. It wont on for a short time, but before long " winked
out." A woolen factory was established in IS.'if;. The mill was
burned and another built in its place in ISW). It is now owned
by Amos Jlendordiall. A grist mill once stood where the
factory now is.

Ithamar and .John Pegg lived one and one-half mile north of
the town; John and William Hollingsworth lived eiust of the vil-
lage, near Friends' Meeting-House: Samuel S])ray settled south-
east of Unionsport. There aT<< now in the t<iwn one church
(Methodist Episcopal), one smith shop, two stores, one school-
house, one carriage shop, one post office, twonty-iive houses, one
woolen factory, one physician. KtO people (estimated), one toll-
gate. Principal citizens: Stephen Havnes, Samuel Briggs, lln-
fus K. Mills, Thomas W. Botkin, ].hysician; Foster, Mendenhalls
(sons of Hiram Mendenhall). George Slack, merchant. Unions
port is on Cabin Creek. A pike connects the town with Win^
Chester, Buena Vista and HiinlsviUe. The village is boantifullv

situated on rolling ground, the houses are bright, neat and taste-
ful, an<l altogether the town presents a delightful and cheerful
aspect.

The now railroad (Indianaiiolis. Bloomington & Western),
passes in this vicinity.

BIOGItAPHIES.

Hugh Botkin, born Virginia 1775; Tennessee, 1786; married
Rachel Keener 1801; Wayne County, Ind., 1815: Randolph (Joun-
ty 181(5; thirteen children, seven boys and six girls. All thirteen
lived to be grown, aid all but one were maiTiod; seven are living
now. He died in 183(5 and his wife in 1837. He was a farmer
and a tanner, as also an active Methodist, and a prominent
and respected citizen. He lost his dwelling by tire, and did
not succeed in amassing a fortune, but his children rank among
the thriving and substantial citizens of the region.
I William M. Botkin, son of Hugh Botkin, born in Randolph
County. Ind., 18'23; married Martha A. Hiatt in 18411, and Dosha
i Butler in 18(58; ten children. He hius 300 acres of land, arid
I has a fine brick residence, one of the best in the township. He
: is an enterpising, wide-awake, prosperous farmer and business
i man, and has been County Commissioner one term (thi-eo years).
I He is an active Methodist, a thorough Republican, and an
j earnest temperance man, and is altogether an honor to the cora-
I munity in which he dwells, having been a resident of the neigh-
I borhood during his whole life, fifty-nine years.
j Wm. Chamness was born in North Carolina in 1793. and came
I to Randolph County in 181(5, settling west of Bloomingsport on a
' farm now owned bv'Elijjih Bales, where old Billy Rish once lived,
the land having boon entered by Benj. Jones. Ho married Charity
IMoore, and aft(M-ward Margaret Hinshaw. He has had elevini
children, ten of them coming to be grown and married, and seven
iiiiw living, one in Howm'd Ctmnty, one in WincHrster. two in
Wayne County, one m^ar Bloomingsjwrt, two in A\isconsin. He
; was bi-dught up a Friend, but about twenty-five Vears ago he
I joined the United Brethren, to which he now belongs. He residi-s
in West River Township near Wayne Countv line, and has <lone
so for twenty eight years past. His children are as follows: Abi-
gail Howard Cimnty. ten children: Sarah, Winchester, tw(?lve
children: I'.itsv (Hnrdwick), Wavne Countv, thirteen children :
Isaac, M.mroe. Wis., four chihlr.m; Martin.' dead, fom- childn-n;
, Mary(Hocketl). dead, ton children; Ruth (Love), Wayne County,
I nitiett'on chililren, fifteen gi-own; Margaret (Davis),' dead, four
j children; Joshua, Bloomingsport, ten children; William, Sauk
j County. Wis., seven childi-en: Rachel, died an infant. There
have been eighty-six gi'andchildren; number of great-grandchil-
i di-en unknown. Nathaniel Case, Isaiah Rogers. Benjamin Jones
lived near Bloomingsport when he came in 1810. Joseph Jay,
Samuel Smith, William Peacock, James Smitli came he thinks in
1818. Mr. Chamness is eighty-nine years old, and feeble in
health, but is cheerful and patient, waiting the hour of release
from earthly cares, and happy notwithstanding all his hardshijts
and trials in the soul-cheoriug presence of his Savior. He is an
excellent si)ecimen of the citizen of the middling class, with
which our county and our State also abounds, and which are the
strength and the glory of our beloved native land.

John Charles was born in A\ayne County, Ind., in 1828. He
is the son of Daniel Charles, who came from North Carolina to
^Vayno County in ISl'J, and who is still living in his eighty-
third year, having been born in 170S). John Charles came to
Randolph County in 1845. Ho married Eunice Swain in the same
year, and Nancy Clark in 18(i'2, He has had six childi-en, and
is at present a farmer, though he can-ied on a drug store also in
Economy duj-ing several years. He was elected Justice of the
Peace for White River Township, but the burden of labor or of
honor proved too gi-eat, and ho resigned the position before his
time was half out. He was Township Trustee three years. He
is an Eliler among the Friends; was an old Abolitionist, and is
a Republican. He is an intelligent and enterprising citizen, has
a goo<l and somewhat select library, and keeps himself well in-
formed as to the jjrogress of events in the coimtry and in the
world. The Undcrgi-ound Railroad had one of its prominent
stations in the vicinity, the Worths, the Osboms, tho Hunnicutts,
the Swains, the Botkins, etc., being residents not far away, and

HISTORY OF RANDOi.PH COUNTY.

luiy btirrin^
WiUiaui (;

mitH in that line

,,x, born in ITT.T in South
Ohio, early, and to RanLlolpli Co
wrstof wh(u-.' ^Villiam Clianmcss
1 iu bS57, aged t'ighty-four ynan
m.'s. Tbo names of }iis wives
Mills and Laiu-a O'

•red there dnring tliat early

nrolinu, came to Still-
tv, Ind., in 1S'J3, and
W lives, in West River,
years, lie had been married
ives wore Elizabeth Thomas.
;iio first wife died in 184'.»,
nd in ISat), and the third is living still. She had been
his wile only about two weeks, and she is now seventy five years
old, though at her marriage she was only a little abovo fifty.
She was a inaiden of tifty, and a wife of two weeks, and for
twenty-fonr years she has been a widow.

Daniel Ch-oppcr. son of Bola W. Cropper, was born in Ken-
tuck v in .1825; went to AVarron County, Ohio, iu 1S2S, and
moved to Kaiulolph County, Ind., in imS. He rnarrjed Eliz-
abeth Thornburg in 1841). and has five children. He resides in
Huntsville, and is a farmer and hotel keeper. Mr. Cropper
has a powder horn which Ijelonired to his grandfather iu Marv-
laud before he emigrated from Mar^ laud to Kentucky. His uncle
carried it for years in the war of ISI'2. Ahvr that, Mr. Crop-
per's father had it, and gavt^ it to him. His fafher entered 100
acres of land, and after paving for that, and paying also the man
who moved them from Ohio to Ruudoljih Cotuity, he had just
S-'."> left. A. rich man he was, farm all paid for 'and money to
1 worthy member of the Baptist Church.

i Mv.

Dar

.-ache

j; then

1 ir

nd ma:

Hn-h

ght

uah (Hutcheuf
Rau<lolnh Count V
twelv(. children: J
(Hutchens), Wisco
Randolph County.

children. Jacob Jackson

Jesse C<ix's, and als(5 at Mr. Lank's.
>: William, dead, had seven children;
L'ss) si.x children: ijetsey (Ballinger),
children: Sarali (Hutchens). Iowa.
1 Winchester, twelve children: Anna
,en children; Jemiiuii (Cox), lives in
three childi-en; Rebecca (Owens), re-
iveu children; Jacob, dead, had seven
Captain in the Sixty-ninth Eogi-

Volunteers in the war of 1S(U. and ho '
lie army; Meliuda (Condi) lives iu Iowa, and has
; Mary (Hutchens) lives iu Wayne County, has

There are or have been in all eighty-two grand-

raent Indiana
wounded in t
four children
nine children,
children.

Peyton Johnson was born iu 1800 in Campbell County, Ky ;
married I^^lizabeth T. Butler; came to Randolph County, iiul.
in 18;U; has five children, all living, all grown and all mamod;
owns a saw-mill and a farm also; is an enteiiirising citizen, and
an active business man.

Robert Lum])kin was born in 17D0; married Elizabeth For-
rest in ITS"), who -was bom in 1706; moved to Tennessee; then
loRandoliih Couutv, ISIJl. He was a wagoner iu the Revolu-
tiouarv war. He had twelve children, and raised eleven of the
twelve. He died in 184'J, eightv-sis years old, and his wife diinl
in 1840. eii^htv vears old. His children were as given below:
John. l7S(i.IivesinTenue.-,see,and has twelve children: Marv, 17S8
(How.-ird. Ma-.M V. I^el^i. I, idia.ua, three children: James 17'.I1.
lives in liidiiiiKi, li:i. -even ehildreu; Robert, I Tllli. lives in Ten-

•ali.

iu Im

.'U.

He died 1.

His s

John T..

I T. Hui

till.

■n 1810 near I'etersburg, \'a. ; Fuvette
tv, Ind., 1827: Wayne Countv, -bS28; West River, 18;!-';
ed Jane T. Clnu'les. IS.",!, and Debor.ali (Holiingsworth)
t, 1S72; five children: prosperous farmer: owns the place
use.l to be Daniel Worth's. He is a Friend, an old
Republican, :ui active and radical tomp.'rauco

:ind an.
i.m H:n

, I'u

disport

i(;ru Dutchess ik
: Clinton County. Oh

ty, N. Y..

mdolfih Count'
1S77: married'
nd fariji.T ■■ind

i.no to Ohio froi
,:nid.dph Co.. !

,and in 1820 to
[■ Hugh Botkii
, on Martindale
L^diter of Willi!

chat is alive being forty
0 County and one in Wise.

vears old, and th,'
Raiulolph, two in

'■[

h

t-Iounl.

■. Ind.

iu

IMO,

ind set-

1

id

eight

child.

■n. i-

f then

•th

jel

Ci

rolina
s the

and

wife

of

in R
ra S\v

Uldolpl

!iiu. of

r

,w,

..hip.

Mr.

Ma

V died nniuv

7Sr, in

(iuilf

)rd Countv

N. C.

In.

: niai

•ied

Hanu

xh Hin-

tied ne,-i

Sorth Carolina and eight iu Raud-.lph Couutv. Ind.. all of
m horn between I SOD and |.s:!0. Si.v of his daughters mar -
1 Hadleys (Iwo families). William Macy moved to Morgan
nitv. lud.. about 18(i0. He was a Frieud. active, prominent
I trustworthy.

Rufus K". Mills was born in AVayue Coiinty, Ind., iu 182:1.
married I'^li/.abeth McPhorsonin 1844, and came to Randolph
County iu 1807. They have three children. Ho is a farmer,
?rchant and trader, and nisides at liuionsport. Ho has be.Mi
jwushi]) Trustee five years, and Assessor several 3 ears. He is
ckou.'d an upright and reliable man, and a worthy and sub-
uitial citizen. He is ime of the old line Abolitionists and early

■rman) Retz is the daught.
s born in Randolph C

w.is'a ''rieud, and she died iu IMW -,,
lingej, laughter of Samuel Jackson,
the storm of the fallen timber, and

Mr.s. Bal- ! die.l i

iter of F

ederick Zim-

ity, Iud,.i

l 1821. She

h'ad fhirt

•en children.

r husban

1. John Retz.

nd having

been born in

1 what w;

s her father's

> of her s>

ns was killed

ee. She

is an Episco-

He AX as

a farmer and

av one years.

ive cenie

from Tennes-

-ettlinu

u West River

Msant "m

eting-Hou.se.

twelve-mi

0 boundary.

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

diod Bhortly afterward, but Houry is still livinj^, in oitlior Miami
or Fulton County, Ind., ninety-six yoars old (ISSI). Hhortly
after their coming, the Indians stole four ln'ad of hin'scs frmn
thorn. Evan's son John was four vfars old at tlu' tijiu' when his
father oamo to Kandolph, and ho dii'd in IMW. buiu^; sixty -thrc.'
y(!ars old. John took care of his mother's family wliilo they
wore growing up, his father having died while he was a half-
grown boy. His mother married a man named Oai'twright, and
moved to Union County, lad., bub John continued to reside in
Kandolph, and, having lost his first wife about 1885, marripd
Martha Kerr, who was living with his mother, then Mrs. Cart-
ivright, in Union County, Ind. Note. — This relation is givotl
by Mrs. Nancy (Shoemaker) Pierce, now residing near Thomas
^larshall's, northeast of Economy, i Ind. She says that her
father, John Shoemaker, came with his father, Evan Shoem,aki'r,
in 1S09, when he was^four years old to Itaiidnlpli Coi\ntv, Ind.;
that he died in 1S68. at sixty-three years old. If this statement
is true, Mr. Shoemaker settled in Randolph five yeai-s earli(^r than
the one who hds been heretofore reckoned the ,first settler. We
have at jireseut no other means of testing the cori'ectness of the
lady's statement. Later researches seem to indicate that the
lady is mistaken; that he did not come to llaudolph before 181(5
or thereabouts.

Robert Starbuck, Buena Vista, is a native of North Carolina,
having been born in Stokes County in that State in 181 1. He
came to Virginia ip 1823, and to Randolph County, Ind., in
1833, settling ileai- Buena Vista. He married late in life, hc.hig
lif ty-six years old at the time. His wife was Lucy Ann (Green)
Gillam. They have one child. He has been a famer, merchant
trader, hotel keeper, etc. He is a large land owner, liaving iJOO
acres in the vicinity of Buena Vista. His residence has been for
many years at that town. He is a prominent and energetic citi-
zen and business man.

Ira Swain, Swain's Hill, youngest son of Elihu Swaiu. born
in Tennessee in 1S09; Wayne County, Ind., 1815, near Ran-
dolph line; married Lydia Macy; came early to Randolph Cojin-
ty ; has several children; has been a farmer and an active business
man. H e was Treasurer of Randolph County diu'ing one term. In
some way he was technically declared a defaulter for some amount,
yet he is generally believed to have been tbo innocent victim of
some mistake, and no onfe thinks that he willfully or knowingly
misused a dollar of the public funds. Mr. Swain therefore still i-o-
tains the confidence of his fellow-citizens, and lias the sympathy
of the public as for a misfortune instead of its condemnation as for
a crime. He has lived near or in the county for sixty-live years,
and is an active, intelligent, enterprising and reliable citizen.
During the anti-slavery struggle, he was a wide-awake Abolitionist
and was honored and trusted among them; and during the ex-
istence of the Republican party he has been one of the foremost
among tlie members and supporters of that organization. He is
DOW in his seventh-fourth year, but retains his vigor and activ-
ity, both of body and miml, in a remarkable degree, as does also
his worthy wife.

Thomas Worth was ii native of North Carolina, and oaino to
Randolph County in 1812. He was born in 1S02, and mai-ried
Sarah Macy, and afterward Nancy (Macy) Marshall. He had
ten childi-en — Theodore, Eliza, Aaron, Mary, Lucinda, Anna,
David, Emily and two others. David was a member of the
Sixty-ninth Indiana, and died in the service. Aunm has
long been an active and efficient preacher in the Wesleyan
Church. T. W. was a hearty supporter of the Weslcyans, and
an old-fashioned Abolitionist and an out and out Republican.

He is said to have been liberal in his gifts to the Gospel
ministry. He was a good, thorough, thriving farmer, and a ijuiet,
steady, reliable man, being one of a family of ten children, and
the brother of Daniel Worth and Lydia (Worth) Osborn. Lydia,
was the wife of Isaiah Osborn. who was the son of Chai-les Osborn,
famous in the anti-slavery movement among the Frionds, and
perhaps the pioneer in Abolition work in this country. [For
Daniel Worth and the Osbonis see Religion. |

Frederick Zimmerman was born in Tennessee. Ho moved first
to Pennsylvania, on the Susquehanna River, and then to Oliio.
and after that to West River, Randolph County Co., Ind. The

vh..

e pla

II.

Williii

his death in IS:!-"). lie h;i,l iiKiiT.e.l in 'I'euue.sse,. (\,llieni„.
Bowe.nuan, and lii.s widow survived him tweutv-one vears, dving
in I8r)f;. Thev had fourteen .children, only t Live of whom are
now living. One of th.^u, Anna llotz, still lives on the old
place. He was a Methodist and a liemocrat.

WILLIAM ADAMSON, fiirnici', 1'. O. Cerro GorJo, lie was born Febru-
ary 5, 1837, in West Ilivcr T'ownshits tiiiscdunly: lie was eilucateil iu this
county, and has followed fanning from boyhood ; he was married to Mary K.
Stanley in September, 18<!7 ; she Was born iu Wayne County, Ind. Mr. Ail-
aoison was a giillant soldier in the war for the Union, serving through the war
in Company 0, Sixty-ninth Indii^na Volunteers ; lie is .an industrious, enter-
prising farmer, owning a beautiful farm of eighty-four acres of fertile land ; he
is Republican in politics, and a worthy oitizeu. He has two children living —
Carrie E., born April -'4, 1876, au.l Orrie B., May ^9, 1870; he is of English
descent.

CVnUS H. BALDWIN, farmer, P. O. Trenton. He was born July 7, 1840,
in Wayne County, Ind. : he located in West River Township in 184a, and wa.s
educated in its district schools. He was married October 3, 18fi3, to Emily J.
Vitts, who was a native of Wayne County, and born January I'J, 1845. Tliiv
have two- children— Clayton U., born August 3, 18G4, and Harriet 0., June 18,
1867. He is a member of I. 0. 0. F., 248 Trenton Lodge ; is liber.al in poli-
tics, and a gentleman noted for his integrity.

MILTON II. BEESOX, farmer, P. O. Trenton. This esteemed citizen ,f-s
born February 111, 182i), in Wayne County, Ind., and settled here in Feoi-uary,
1873. He was educated in the common schools of Wayne County, and was
married September 10, 1848, to M,artlia Sherry, who was born July 0, 1832, in
Tippecanoe County, Ind. This union was blessed with six children, of which
number five are living— Viola J., born March 4, 18-01; A. C, September 13,
18i:j ; Laura N., Novraber 16, lS-5-'>, deceased October 24, 18,57 ; Ira A., Janu-
ary 21, 1858 ; Jesse E., February 3, ISiil, and Mary J., March 6, 1865. His
father, Isaac Keeson, was a native of Guilford County, \. C, where he was born
in December, 177!t ; he settled in Wayne County, Ind., in 1806, ou the laud
which he entered, and deceased there July 0, 1848. He w.as a genial compan-
ionable man and a metuber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The father
of Mrs. Beeson was John Sherry, born January 7, 17!t9; settled in Tip-
pecanoe County, Ind., and deceased March 17, 1867. Mr. Beestm and wife arc
consistent members of the Methodist Episcoptil Church, and universally es-
teemed for their sociability and hospitality. Their ancestors were of English
descent and Quakers.

JEREMIAH BLY, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. This worthy citizen was born
Miiy 13, 1820, in Germany ; he came to Ohio in 1845, and after making several
changes in his location, he finally settled here in the fall of 1^4S. Mr. Ely was
educated in the schools of his native land, and is now en'.'.iged in finnin'^ and
stock-raising. He was married on the 24 of Ootobtir, 1850, to Mildred A. John-
son, who was born in the State of Virginia January 12, 18:i5. They have five
children — Murray B., born October 7, 1857 ; Osceola, June 28, lKi;3 ; Paylon
G., June 1, 18G8; Margaret, March 7, 1.S72, and Frank, December 20, 1875.
Mrs, Bly is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli ; he is a
member of I, 0, 0. F, Lodge, No. 248 ; he served in Company D, Sixty-nintl;
Indiana Infantry, in the war for the Union, and losing his health was dis-
charged. Ho owns a valuable farm of 207 acres of land, and is regarded a*
one of the best citizens in his vicinity.

THOMAS W. BOTKIN is a physician, and his post office iiddress is Unions-
port ; he was born in Randolph County April 14, 1844 ; he is a son of Dr. .lahu
W. Botkin, an eminent physician, vvho has jiracticed extensively in Randolpb
and adjoining counties ; his mother's maiden name was Mary Peacock. Thomas
W. was educated in the common scltools, and studied medicine with his fathat;
he was also a student at the Eclectic Medical College of Indianapolis ; he tp-
listed in Company D, Sixty-ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and senwBd
tlirough the war. After the cruel war was over he came home and engaj^d
for a time in farming. On the first of September, 1868, Dr. Botkin was mtr-
ried to Mary E. Irvin, a daughter of Lafiyette Irvin ; she was born iu this
county February 17, 1851. The Doctor and Mrs. Botkin have surrounded tbeii:
hearth stone with three children, viz.: John L., born September 5, 187.>(
Charles L., July 6, 1878; and Clyde E., June 2W, 1882. Dr. Bolk his by
his energy and success built up a lucrative practice, amounting to S18,IXI0 per
annum. Mrs. Botkin is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; her
mother's maiden name waa Cynthia E. Hill. She was born in Virginia Miu-oh
29, 1827 ; her father was born in this county July 20, 1825. Dr. Botkin is a

well received in society, and popular among a large circle of friends. 4

J. A. BOTKIN, farmer and saw-milling, P. 0. Lynn; he is a Sj T,of Petet
and Elizabeth Botkin ; his father was born in Knox County, Tenn., NovenlbttS
2, 1804, and came with parents in 1815, who settled at present site of Washing
ton. Wayne Co., Ind., and two years later came to this county ; his mother Waa-
born in Randolph County June 20, 1812. They were married in this county
April 28, 1831, and settled ou Martindale's Creek, West River Towiuhip, where
they continued to reside until called away by death. His father died Novem-
ber 24, 1876, and his mother August 29, 1863, J. A, was born July 5, 1855,
and marrieil Ida M. Hunt November 17, 1875, Mr, Botkin has been engnged
in different pursuits ; lived in Missouri from fall of 1874 to 1875, when he re-
turned to this county; formed a partnership with D. T. Harris, and in 1876

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

built a tile factory at Farmland, and muiiuf'actured tilo fur aboul three years,
when they sold out to D. F. Young 26th of March, 187'.t, bu'I December 26,
187'J, bought the Jesse Smith farm of aliout one hundred and ninety acres,
where he resided for a time in a house that wilhstood the terrific storm of 1824
(in the fallen timber belt). It is, perhaps, the oldest inhabited house in the
county. He has successfully engaged in farming and saw-milling. Mr. and
Mrs. Botkin are both active members of the Metliodist Episcopal Church at
iliintsvillo. In politics, he is a Republican, and in domestic relations a kind
.ind devoted husband. Mr. Botkin sold his farm in West River Township, .and
located at Lynn, where he is now engaged in a tin store, and manufacturing
tinware and all kinds of metalic roofing.

WILLIAM T. BOTKIN, farmer, 1'. 0 Unionsport. The subject of this
!"ketch was bom in West River Township, this county, June 27, 1842; he was
i^lucated in the common schools in this county, and has gained much i nformation
ft-.,ni reading and observation; he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony
Nuvember 0, 1806, to Martha F. Cropper, who was born May 21, 1844, in this
county. Mr. Botkin hivs followed farming for a living, and by his industry
and frugality h:is succeeded well in life; he owns a good farm of 119 aores of
valuable land, and is considered to be a model fanner; he served in the war
for the Union in Company 1), Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry, participiitiug in all
the battles of that organization ; ho was elected Assessor of West River Town-
ship in the year 1872, and again in 1K74. The faithfulness and fidelity with
which lie performed this trust imposed upon him by his fellow-citijens, demon-
strates the high regard in which he is held by them. Those parents have been
blessed by the birth of eight children, of which number seven are living — Mary
K., born November 2fl. ISefi ; Farra L., April 7, ISOS; Laura N., September 9,
ISfi'j; Abbie A., December 5, 1871; Guy W., October 1, 1876; Orpha 0.,
AuguKt 23, 1877, and William II , July 31, 187!i.

HENEV H. BROOKS, farmer, 1'. 0. Cerro Gordo. This esteemed citizen
was bom March 8, 1841, in WeH River Township, this county ; his father's name
wof Thomas Brooks, who was born in Nuw Jersey May 17, I7WJ; served in tlie
war of 1812; emigrated to this county in October, 1837, and deceased January
28, Ue,S ; his mother's maiden name was Kimbrough, born March I'J, 1803, still
living at this date. Mr. Brooks was educated in the common schools of this
county, and haa followed farming and moving houses for a living; he was mar-
ried, August 1, 18fi6, to Belinda E. Groshong, who was born February 22,
1840, in White River Township, this county; he has six children living— Ue
Witt C, born May 7, 1866; Minnie M., December H, 1807; Allen R, born
March 0, 1871 (died May 26, 1871); Oeorge II., May 4, 1872; Martin T.,
March 111, 1875 ; AUie D., January 17, 1880, and Anne M., born May 2!), 1SH2.
The father of Mrs. Brooks, Zimri Groshong, was born in the year 1818 in
Buchanan County, Mo., and at this date is still living; his family is of Scotch
descent, and are worthy industrious citizens.

JOHN 11. BlITLKIl, farmer, 1'. 0. Trenton; he was born January !1, 1811,
ill Stony Creek Township, this county ; ho was educated in the common schools
of this county, and has followed farming from boyhood: he was united in mar-
riage, to Klizabeth Wilcox, December 14, 1866. She was born in Darke County
Ohio, February 27, 1846, and came to this county with her parents in the fall
of I.S02. They have three children— Mary V., born November 2, 186B ; Cam-
line v., December 20, 18liH, and Charlie C, September 16, 1873; he and his
wife are members of the Christian (!hurch, and he of P. & A. M., Lodge No.
3i;7, IluntsviUc ; his father, James Butler, was a native of Virginia, where he
was born in 1808; he came to this county in 1830, and deceased June, 1862.
The forefathers of Mr. Butler were in the w.ars of the Revolution and 1812.
The father of Mrs. Butler was John Wilcox, who was boin in Butler County,
Ohio, about the year 1808; came here in 1862, and at this date is living in
!u«a. Mr. Butler is a kind ami courteous gentleman.

WILLIAM T1;LL BIJR81:AR is a farmer, and resides in West River Town-
sliiji ; he is a son of Mortin and Sarah Bursear; his father was a native of
Switzerland, and oarae tu this county about the year 1803, and enlisted in the
war 'if 1SI2 and served about six months. Soon after the close of the war, he
married Sarah Calahan nee Vir, and moved to llainilton County, Ohio, about
1815, where the elder Bursear died in 1833, and his widow removed to this
county in 1866, and here, in December, 1879. William T. was born in Hamil-
ton Coutfty, Ohio, August 14, 1S21, and settled in West River Township, this
ooniily, in October, 1843, where he has resided ever since. On the 6lh day of
Deoenlber, 1844, Mr. Bursear was married to Ann Howell. Since their mar-
riage, they have had many additions /fourteen) to the first union, viz. : Mary
J., John F., William H.and Joel W. (twins), Mahala M., Evaline and Erameline
(twins), Samuel T., David J., Robert M., Martha E. Lydia A., Dora A. and
Benjamin F. Mrs. Bursear died June 19, 1879. Mr. Bursear ubtained a fair
education in youth, and began the battle of life by working for $4 per month.
1,/ his t;'-sev6ring energy and great industry he has reared liia large family,
und fic-red a competence for his winter's age. In politics, ho is a Democrat.

the son of Ocorgo nnd Mary (Coe) Bai-r, and is the fifth of a family of
ildreti. all of whom are living .at this writing. His brothers and sisters
I married, with the exception of two, four of whom reside in this State.
Iher and mother were both born in Loudoun County, Va., the former No-
■I- 12. 181)8, and the latter January II, 1811. They were married in 1833,
liscd and educated a large family of children. His niollier died in the
ooiinty of her birth July 12, 1868. His father still lives in Clark County,
^itli his daughter, Mrs. Ilowena C. Payne, but still keeps possession of
il homestead in Loudoun County. His mother had been a consistent and
ed member of the Baptist Church all her life. His father was of Irish
is mother of English extraction.

he subject of this sketch spent his boyhood on a farm in his native
y and State, until he was seventeen years old, receiving his education
he common schools of Virginia; his youthful eipericnce was in common

with boys of his time, save that he was very domestic in his likings and noted
for his steady and industrious habits ; he was a bright example of honesty and
morality for the youth of his day.

In the winter of 1862, he emigrated to the State of Ohio, and settled in
Licking County, where he hired out by the month as a farm hand.

In November, 1867, ho moved from Licking County, Ohio, to Union County,
Ind., where he again engaged in farming. He came to this county in October,
1809, and purchased eighty acres of land in West River Township, and settled
upon it, where he has since resided. This farm is weU improved, being sup-
plied with convenient and commodious buildings, a sketch of which is given in
this work.

He was married March 12, 1808, to Miss Rowena C. Davis, who is a most
estimable lady and the daughter of Isaac and Martha (Barr) Davis. She was
born in Union County, Ind., October 2, 1843. She is the second of a family Qf
eight children, of whom four are now living. Her father was born in Bullor
County, Ohio., January 20, 1800, and her mother in Loudoun County, Va.,
October 8, 1813. Her father came to this State, in company with hfs parents,
in the year 1808, and settled in Union County, where he died April 24, 1868.
Her mother came to this Slate in the year lgS',1; was married to Isaac Davis
September 14, 1841, and died May 27, 1804. Rowena was raised on a farm,
and received a liberal education from the district schools of Union County and
the Female College of Oxford, Ohio. From 1863 to 1868, she taught almost
continuously in the public schools of Union County. In March of the latter
year, she was married to the subject of this sketch, as elsewhere stated.

Mr. and Mrs. Barr have never been blessed with any children of their
own, but have taken a bright little boy to raise, who is now ten years of age.
His name is Alonzo Coffin, and he is the son of William R. and Rebecca Coffin.
His mother died November 12, 1877. This boy is a very active, intelligent lad,
and highly appreciates the comforlAblo home of Mr. and Mrs. Barr.

Mr. Barr usually votes the Republican ticket, but was educated' in the
Democratic school of politics, and affiliated with that party until since his resi-
dence in this county. He is an honored and useful membor of Trenton Lodge,
No. 248. I. O. O. F., and lias tilled all the chairs of his lodge three times, and
been three times a representative to the Grand Lodge.

He and his excellent wife are acceptable members of the M, E. Church at
Lebanon, near Huntsville. They are intelligent and respectable citizens of the
couuty, and honored members of the community where they reside.

WILLIAM MILLER BOTKIN.

William Miller Botkin, a farmer and son of Hugh and Rachel K. Botkin,
was born in Ramlolph County, Ind., July 7, 1823. He is the eleventh of a
family of thirteen children, of whom seven are now living. His father was
born in I'endleton County, Va., November 17, 1774, and his mother in Knox
County, Tenn., February 25, 1780. They were married in Knox County. Tenn.,
in the year 1801, and removed to Wayne County, Ind., in 1815, and to Ran-
dolph ('ounty in 1817, where they settled on the farm now owned by the sub-
ject of this sketch; his father entered 120 aores of land, and continued to live
on the farm until his death; his father died February 27, 1836, and his mother
January 24, 1857.

The subject of this sketch was burn and raised upon the farm he now
owns. His boyhood wag uneventful, and differed but little from that of the
boyhood of farmers' sons in early days, save, probably, that he was noted for
his unth-ing industry in his assistauco in clearing his father's farm from the
unbroken wilderness. These industrious habits formed in youth furnished the
foundation of Mr. Bolkin's success and usefulness in after years.

His educational advantages were confined to the common schools of West

Botkin possesses a fair common school education, and has acquired a vast
amount of general information from the reading of the literature of the day
and his associations with his fellow-men.

He was but thirteen years of age when his fiither died, but lived on the
farm with his mother until he was twenty-one; after which he hired out by
the month as a farm laborer until he was twenty-seven, when he was first
united in marriage to Martha A. Hiatt, daughter of Louis and Charity Hiatt,
of Clinton County, Ohio, December 20, 1849.

After his marriage, he settled on his father's homestead, which he had
commenced to purchase from the heirs ; be continued the purchase of shares
until the entire estate came into his possession.

By hia first wife Mr. Botkin is the father of seven children, of whom five
are now living — Emily C, born October 20, 1860, and deceased November 11,
1878; Mary v., born July 25, 1858; Louis A., born November 24, 1854;
Hugh O., born May 4, 1857, and deceased in the spring of 1859 (was burned
to death); Oliver 1'., born August 1,5, 1859; Elmer E., born November 10,
1801 ; Ira M., born December 14, 1863.

He was called to mourn the death of his wife September 27, 1864. She
was a faithful companion and mother and a true and tried friend. Her fru-
gality and industry were important factors in Mr. Botkin's success in life.
She was an acceptable and honest member of the United Brethren Church, and
remained faithful until death.

After the death of his wife, Mr. Botkin hired a housekeeper, and contin-
ued with his children to live upon his farm until his second marriage, which
occurred October 16, 1808, to Dooia C. Butler, the daughter of William and
Thirza T. Butler, of Campbell County, Vo. She removed with her parents
from Virginia to this county in the year 1847, when she was but two years of
age. Her parents are both living, and are honored citizens of this county.

By his second wife Mr. Botkin is the father of three children, all of whom
aroliving— Martha A., born July 18, 1809; Thirza K., born June 27, 1873;
John W., bom July 4, 1878.

Mr. Botkin is the owner and proprietor of a farm of 320 acres of most
excellent land, of which a greater portion is under a high state of cultivation.
His farm is beautifully located, sloping gently to the south and east, well

Residence: of F M BARR Weti "^ /er Tr Randolph Co Ind

/

i*^\ I

I

Mrs. Martha J. Hunt.

Stephen Haynes

i

0-/<'S'/t.a. C/' 'G(:a^//z

i e

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

397

adapted to grazing, as well as tlie producing of grain, being supplied with an
abundance of water. His farm buildings are of modern architecture, afid are
large and convenient. His house is a large brick structure, two stories in
height, situated on a commanding knoll fronting the south. This house is both
beautiful and convenient.

Mr. Botkin has been a life-long Republican, and was honored in 187C by
being elected to the office of County Commissioner for the Middle District ; he
held this office for one term, and served tlie coanty faithfully and lione»tly,
giving entire satisfaction to his constituents.

Mr. and Mrs. Botkin are acceptable members of the M. E. Church, belong-
ing to the Huntsville charge. Mr. It. i.i also a devoted member of the Hunt^-
ville Lodge, No. 248, F. & A. M.

Mr. and Mrs. B. arc happily situated, surrounded with comfort, are hon-
ored members of society, and widely known for their hospitality.

JONAH L. CATKY.

William Oatcy, the father of this gentleman, was born in New Jersey
December 15, 1812. In 1822, he came with his parents to Wayne County,
Ind., where he grew to manhood. In that county, he married Min3 Sarah
Davisaon, and shortly afterward removed to Randolph County, locating in
West River Township ; he entered eighty acres of government land, from which
he developed a fine farm, adding to it from lime to time, until his possessions
aggregated aver2U0 acres ; lie was an energetic, industrious man, and bestowed
great attention upon the cultivation and improvement of Ills farm. His first
house was a hewed-log house, but this g;ive place, within a few years, to a neat,
comfortable frame house. He was a man of progressive ideas, and kept pace
with the march of improvement; he always look an active interest in politics,
but never accepted public office. In early life he was a Whig, and laier a Kepub-
lican : he enjoyed the confidence ami good will of all who knew him, and was
always recognized as one of the best citizens of the community in which he lived.
During a business trip to Wayne County, in 1862, he was tnken ill, and two
days later, September IS, he diet! in that county; he had borne a part in the
pioneer development of both Wayne and Randolph Counties, and lived long
enough t^> witness and enjoy the prosperity of later years. His wife was a na-
tive of North Carolina, where she was born March 21, 1814. Sho survived her
husband nearly ten years, dying at the home in West River Township April
23, 1872.

Jonah L., their son, was bom November 2, 1850, in West River Township,
Randolph Co., Ind. ; his early life was passed on the home farm, where he was en-
gaged in assisting his father, except during the winter, when he attended school ;
he first attended the schools of his own neighborhood, and afterward, the graded
schools at Economy, and the high school at Winohraler. As he grew to matu-
rity, he decided upon the ailoption of the pursuit of farming as his occupation
in life, and has been thus engaged for several years. On the 27th of January,
1872, he (vns united in marriage with Miss Nancy Massey, who was born in
Wayne County. Ind., January 10, 1853, and is the daughter of Maberry Massey,
Esq., a native of North Carolina, who came to Wayne County when a boy. By
this union they are the parents of five children, viz. : William M., Zelma J.,
Alice, Byron R. and Elo, of whom two (Zelma and Byron) are deceased. Mr.
Catey occupies and cultivates a farm of eighty-two acres, this being his share of
the home farm, and the spot upon which his father first erected the pioneer
home ; he is a successful and energetic farmer, and as a citizen, enjoys the con-
fidence and esteem of all who know him. He is a member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and in politics is an enthusiastic Republican. In his father's
family there were nine children, viz. : Rebecca, Moses I)., Rachel, George W.,
Eliza, Willliam H., Samuel C, Jonah L. and John B. Of this number Rebecca,
Moses D., Rachel, George W. and Eliza are deceased. Three of the brothers
served in the Union army d\iriug the late war ; Moses D. and George W. were
members of Company D, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry, the latter dying at
Young's Point, La., in March, 18C;t. William H. was in the One Hundred
and Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry, and now resides in Illinois.

West River Township, Randolph (lo., Ind., and was educated

schools of that township. His early life was spent in the performance of the
varied duties of farm lifer and tipon reaching mature years he adopted the
pursuit of farming, and, like his brother Jonah, has made it a success. He
was married, on the 20th of September, 1870, to Miss Celina J. Morland, and
by this union they are the parents of three children, named respectively
Maud, Clyde and Oscar M., all of whom are now living. Mrs. Catey is the
daughter of William Morland, a native of Ohio. Her mother, whose maiden
name was Prudence Wright, was I jrn in North Carolina February 28, 1812.
Mr. Morland's family were highly respected citizens of Wayne County, Ind.,
where their daughter, Mrs. Catey, was born November 14, 1855. Mr. Catey
and wife are worthy members of the M. E. Church, and enjoy the esteem of
all who know them. In politics, Mr. Catey is an active Republican, but he
has never sought nor accepted official position, preferring to give his attention
exclusively to the pursuit in which he is engaged.

MILTON COFFIN, farmer P. 0. Trcuton. He was born November 11,
1823, in Guilford County, N. C; he came to ;his State and county in the fall of
of 1883. He was married, the first time, ,ii Sarah Dcnney, in December, 1840.
She was a native of Kentucky, and bom there February, 1822. Thi.s union
was blessed with four children, of whom three are living— William, bom Sep-
tember 23, 1847 ; Jonathan, November 2, 184!), and Lewis J., September 10,
1859. He was married the second time, March 1, 1870, to Elizabeth Barr, who
was a native of A'irginia, and born there November 27, 1837. They had two
children, one living — &lward M., born Marcli 4, 1871. Mr. C. was educated
in the common schools of this State, and has followeil farming. He lias been
a consistent member of the M. K. Church for eight years. His father, Jona-
than Coffin, was a native of North Carolina, where he was boni about the year

17a.S; came with his family to this county in the fall of 1833, deceased Feb-
ruary, 1875. Mr. 0. is Republican in politics, of English descent, and a gen-
tleman of undoubted integrity and great sociability.

MOSES E. CONYERS, farmor, P. 0. Trenton. He was born August 12,
1843, in Wayne County, Ind.; he came to this county in 1851, and was united
in marriage to Mary Allen, September 0, 1809. She was born in Wayne Coun-
ty, Ind., September 9, 1849. They have three children— Orran C, born Sep-
tember 26, 1870; James E., tictober 12, 1870, and Thomas B., April 17, 1880.
He was educated in the common schools of this State, and has followed the
occupation of a farmer. He enlist«d in Company D, Sixty-nin'h Indiana In
fantry, and was consolidated in B, of the same infantry. He had a good record
as a soldier, and was discharged from both on account of expiration of term of
service. Mr. C. is an honored member of the F. &, A. M., Huntsville Lodge,
No. 867. His father, Ismael Conyurs, was a native of Pennsylvania, where he
was born March 22, 1813; after several changes, he finally locate<l in this
county in 1861. The father of Mrs. Conyers was born in this county, deceased
1852. Mr. Conyers had two brothers in the war for the Union— Austin F., in
Company C, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, and Alphonso W., in Company B,
Seventh Cavalry. Mr. C. is of Irish and Dutch descent, and is noted for his
int«grity.

DANIEL CROPPER, hotel-keeper, Trenton. lie was born March 5, ISS.T.,
in Kentucky. He received the ruiliments of a common school education in
this county, and was married, November I, 1849, to Elizabeth Thornbnrg, who
was born in Wayne County, Ind., August 16, 1829. They had five children, of
which number three are living: Fannie E., horn December 12, 1850, married
to Samuel H. Stephenson; Melinda A., August 13, 1852, deceased August 10,
1854; Martha A., November 13, 1854, married to William H. Cox; Lydia E.,
March 25, 1804: and William A., November 30, 1858, deceased April 22. 1803.
Bela W. Cropper, the father of the subject ot this sketch, was born in Ken-
tucky January 8, 1791, deceased March 27, 1874; his wife was originally
Elizabeth Ashby, a native of Kentucky, horn October 20, 17114, now deceased.
William Thornburg, born in Tennessee October 2, 1794, deceased May 23,
1880; his wife, originally Martha Bradshaw, was born in Tennessee January
8, 1790, deceased in November, 1808. Mr. C. is proprietor of the Cropper
Hou.se, and is attentive and kind to all who call on him.

ALLEN S. CROPPER, farmer, P. O. Ccrro Gordo. He was born April
7, 1827, in Henry Couiity, Ky. ; he came to Ohio in the fall of the same
year with his parents, and from thence removed to this county in October,
1 833. He wns educated in the common schools of the county, and has followed
the carpenter trade and farming. He w.os married, December 20, 1850, to
Laura Haynes, who was born May 24, 1829, in the State of New York. They
had two children — fehiel G., born June 12, 1862, and Edmund A., November
20, 1806. On October 14, 1876, Mr. Cropper was bereaved by the loss of his
beloved wife, who had been the companion of his youth. He and his wife were
members of the Christian Church. He owns a good farm of 128 acres of land
worth $50 per acre, and is Republican in politics. His father's name was Bela
W. Cropper, born January 8, 1791, dece.ised March 27, 1874, in this county.
His mother, originally Elizabeth Ashby, born 1794, in Shelby County, Ky., de-
cea8e<l in this county in the fall of 1875. His father, Bela, was in the war of
1812, under Col. Dick Johnson, of Kentucky, and took part in the battle of
the Thames, where the celebrated Indian Chieflian Tecumsch was killed. Mr.
Cropper is an industrious, honest citizen.

DAVID A. CROPPER, farmer, P. 0. Unionsport. He was born April 4,
1842, iu this county; he was educated in the common schools of the rural dis-
tricts, and has followed farming for a business. Mr. C. was married, Septem-
ber 2, 1808, to Lydia A. Botkin, who was a daughter of Dr. Botkin, and born
in this county June 15, 1849. These parents have one interesting daughter,
Ada A., born October 19, 1809. Mr. Cropper learned the blacksmith trade in
boyhood, but as stated, adopted farming, which is more congenial to his nature.
He and his estimable wife are members of the M. E. Church, and are reganled
as good citizens. He owns a good farm of 138 acres of land, and by his indus-
try is succeeding well in its cultivation.

EDWARD T. CROPPER, merchant, Trenton. He was born December 23,
1841, in this county ; he was united in marriage to Mary J. Keever, in October,
1800. She was born June 15, 1843, in Warren County, Ohio. Mr. C. was edu-
cateji in the common schools of the county, and by his industry and economy
has succeeded well in life. He followed farming in early life, but finding the
mercantile business more congenial to his nature, engaged in It, which now de-
mands his attention. He served in Company D, Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiana
Infantry, in the w.ir for the Union, and was a gallant soldier. He has a family
of four children— Cora A., horn August 1, 1867; Stephen L., December 14,
1872; Emma F., November 12, 1876, and Chariea A., born January 12, 1881.
He carries a well-selected stock of goods, wilh increasing sales reaching more
th.in $12,000 annually. His card is: E. T. Cropper, dealer in dry goods,
groceries and general merchandise, Huntsville, Ind.

ELISHA COX, fanner, P. 0. Economy. He wa.s born January 12, 1834,
in Wayne t>unty, Ind. He came to this county in ihe winter of 1806. Mr.
Cox was educated in the common schools of this county, and is a successful
farmer. He is gcni.al and compani<^nab^e, and in connection with oilier mem-
bers of the family own.s 259^ acres of valuable land. His father's nnme is
Levi Cox, who was born October 23, 1789, in Georgia. He moved to lielmout
County, Ohio, in 1798; from thence to Wayne Cnunty, Ind., and settled here
in 1865. Deceased June 23, 1868. Lydia Williams, the maiden name of Mrs.
Cox, and mother of the subject of this sketch, was a native of Belmont County,
Ohio, where she was born May 30, 1808. She was married to Levi Cox July 17,
1828. Deceased June, 1845. Mr. Cox has two sisters and one brother— Re-
becca, bom Juno 7, 1830; Nathan, January 1, 18.32, and Zelphina (now Mrs.
iMendenhall), born April I, 1840. This family is universally respected.

ELZE L. DAVIHvSON, farmer, P. O. Bloomingsport. He was born Septem-
ber 30, 1844, in Randolph Clounty, Ind. He was educated in the common schools

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

■■30, 1809. to Lydia A. Phillips, who was born September 18. 1852, in Washing-
ton Township, this county. They have reared two nephews and two nieces —
Nora E. Davisson, horn March 17, 1860; James N. Wright, April 17,1866;
William Hofford, October 17, 1803, and Maggie A. KofiFord, March 10, 1871.
.Mr. D.aTisson served in the Fifty-fourth Indiana Infantry, Company I, and
the One Hundred and Forty-seventh, Company A, in the war of the rebellion,
and was a faithful soldier in the discharge of duly. His father and mother-
Ira Davisson and Catharine Peacock, were married October 27, 18.31. Ira
Davisson, his father, was originally from North Carolina, where he was born
May 2j, 1812. He came to this county about the year 1820, remaining here
until the date of his decease, September 15, 186-5. The companion of Father
Davisson wa^ a native of New Jersey, where she was born June 22, 1814. She
came lo this county with her parents at an early date, an^l deceased October 12,
1868. Mr. Davisson commenced life a poor boy, but by his industry and energy
is .succeeding well in life. He owns a good farm of 140 acres of land, and is
well suited to his chosen occupation.

JAMUS M. DENNY is a farmer and .school teacher, and his post office ad-
dress is Trent^in. He is a son of William and Mary Dcnr.y. His father was
born in North Carolina, and emigrated with his parents to Kentucky, and from
there to this county, where the family has resided over since. His mother was
born in Ohio, and came to this county while yet quite an infant with her par-
ents. They died and left her an orphan in her youth. Mr. Denny's fatlierand
mother were married in 1842, and are still living in Nettle Creek Township.
James M. was born November 20, 1843, and was reared on a farm. He was
principally educated in the common schools ; he has obtained a good education,
and it is in a great measure due to self-culture and diligent study. He has been
successfully engaged in the public schools of the county for ten yearf,. On the
I4(h day of August, 1870, Mr. Denny was married to Caroline Alkins. Their
little family now consists of four additions, viz. : William I., .I.ames Marion,
I.uther U. G., and Gertie May. Mr. Denny is a "good old Jackson Democrat,"

GEORGE W. EDWARDS is a farmer, and his post office address is Trenton,
He was born December 29, 1843, in Rivndolph County. He is a son of Zebulon
Edwards, who was a son of Henry Edwards : hia father and grandfather were
natives of North Carolina. His mother's maiden name Wiis Sallie McNeal.
George W. was educated in the common schools ; he w.as married, July 20, 1875,
to Matilda Victoria Harris, who is a daughter of William P. Harris, and who
w.as born in this county November 22, 1848. These parents have three chil-
dren, namely: Ida 0., born September 12, 1876 ; .James A., April 6, 1879, and
William Zehulon, June 19, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards are consistent mem-
bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Edwards enlisted twice during
the late unpleasantness, for military duty ; first, in Company D, Si-^tty-ninth
Indiana Vnlunlcer Infantry, and subsequently in Company F, One Hundred
and Fortieth Volunteer Infantry. He is now located upon his farm of ninety-
tive acres of land, and is prosperous in his vocation. He and his worthy wife
are hospitable and model society people.

JAMES EDWARliS, farmer, P. 0. 'Crentou. He was born September 20,
1846, in this c»unty. He received a common school education in his neighbor-
liood, and has followed farming. He was married the first time, July 6, 1871,
I" Eliza Pastors, who was born December 27, 1849 ; deceased August 31, 1873.
T«-o children blessed Ihis union— Mary E., born March 12, 1872, and Lyda C,
May 2, 1873. Ue was marri.'d the second time to Amanda York, May 0. 1876.
.She was born September 16, 1858. They have one child — Franklin, who was
horn September 12, 1878. Mr. Edwards .«erv.ed in the war for the Union, in
Company A, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Indiana Infantry, and .also in
Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana. His father, Benjamin
Edwards, was a native of New Jersey, where ho was born, September 15, 1798;
he came to this county at an early date, and deceased August 29, 1865. Uis
mother, Elizabeth Edwards, formerly Miss Chestnut, was a native of Kentucky,
and born there May 22, 1801. She was the mother of twelve children, and for
one of her age is remarkably active.

.70S1AH ENGLE, farmer, P O. Bloomingsporl. The subject of this sketch
was boru October 30, 1854, in Wa.sliington Township, this county. He was
educated in tlie common schools of the neigliborhood in which he lived, and is
now a successful farmer. He began life at majority as a school-teacher. He
was united in marriage, December, 1875, lo Amanda Hoover, who was horn
Ocliiher 23, 1855. These parents have three children — Arthur C, born Oc-
tober 31, 1876; Myrtie M., June 17, 1878, and Mary C, September 9, 1880.
Mr. Engle and wife are wortliy members of the Methodist Hpiscopiil Church,
and are among the besi citizeu.s of tlieir viiiuily. He owns a fertile farm ot
niueiy-si.x acres id' land ; is a Uepubliran from princijde, aud noted for his in-
legrity.

i:i,IZAl!F,Tlt FENNlMOPvE, farming. P. " " " "

■'of Neil

e, wiio

if this

.viM ui III. 1.-, .1 !m, husband by death, March 24, 1876. Five children
issi'd fhoir i.iairiacc— William L., born Septcmbur 20, 18-50; Samuel J.,
ne 8, 1854; Aok-y O., February 23, IStiO, and M.irgaret A., July 11, 1864;
1 Loander, born June 15, 1857, and deceased June 2, 1858. Mrs. Fenni-
re is a consistent member of (he Methodist Episcopal Church and, with the
lisiance uf her son. manages the farm, C(insi.sling of 100 aciesof clioice land.
H,b-.,,.- ii iiii Imc all worthy niotlicrs who maintain their liiniilies

sonuf Malilou Farqubar, who was born in (_irecueCounl.v, Ohio, in theyear 1810.
,Mr. Farquhar was iimriied April 20, 1862, to Mah.laMacy, daughter of Joseph
Maoy, of the seventh generation, and born December 19, 18-11, and deceased

January 26, 1879. Joseph Macy, was the son of Albert Maoy, of the sixth
generation, born July 9, 1803, at New Garden, N. C; he moved, with his fam-
ily, to this county in 1819; he married Sarah Hobson March 19, 1820. Albert
Macy was the son of Joseph Macy, of the sixth generation, was born &t Nan-
tucket February 4, 1774, and died in this county May 10, 1847 ; he married
Nancy Wall in North Co -olina; she 'ived to the advanced age of ninety-seven
years. Joseph Macy, of the fifth generation, was a son of Joseph Maoy, born
at Nantucket, October 4, 1735; moved to Guilford County, N. C, and died there
in 1812 ; he was married to Mary Starbuck in 1757. Joseph Maoy, fourih
generation, son of Thoraa,s Macy, third generation, was born April 8, 1809, at
Nantucket ; he married Hannah Hobs, in 1728, and, with his family, moved to
New Garden, N. C, in 1733 ; he made a will on the 20th day of the 5lh month
in the 10th year of the reign of King George III, of Great Britain, giving
each of his six children a part and parcel of his estate. Thomas Macy, third
generttion, son if John Macy, second generation, was born at Nantucket, in
1687. and died June 27, 1759; he was married to Deborah Coffin; in 1720, he
assisted in capturing a whale, of which he took his share of the bone to En-
gland and purchased a bale of Irish linen, a clock and Sewall's History — the
clock descended to Joseph Macy, aud from him to his son, Paul, in 1832. He
shortly afterward gave it to his son, Obed Macy, who is at present -it Troy,
Ohio. During all this time of one hundred and sixty years it has never been
in the hands of a clock-maker but once, aud still keeps excellent time. John
Macy (second generation) was a son of Thomas Macy, of the first generation
was born at Salisbury, Mass., July 14, 1655, and died at Nantucket, October
14, 1691 ; ho married Deborah Gardner in 1676, who died in 1712 ; he was a
house-carpenter, and there are now several houses on the Island which he helped
to make. Thomas Maoy, of the first generation, was born at Chilmark, En-
gland, in 1608, and died on the Island of Nantucket, April 19, 1682, at the age
of seventy-four years.; he was married to Sarah Hopcott at Cliilmark, England
(date not given); she survived him several years, living to the advanced age
of ninety-four years. The history of Tliomas Macy is too long for Ihis work,
suffice it to say he was a Christian of the Baptist persuasion, believing every
one had a right to worship God according to his own conscience, for whick
belief and harboring Friend Quakers, he was hunted down by the Priests and
Sheriff, and Imd to tiee the country to save his life. He and his wife embarked
in a little bircii canoe (see Whittier's poem) while the Priests and Sheriff were
after them, and, after a perilous voyage in their little craft, landed on the lonely
Island of Nantucket. It is not known for certain what year Thomas Macy
landed in this country, but it was some time in the year 1635 or 1636. He was
a man thai was held In very high esteem by his associates, and was looked to
as a spiritual advisor ; he was a merchant, planter and preacher, and held
many po-sitions of honor and trust in the new province. Much more could be
written which would be of interest in regard to his history. Our subjects own
good farms, well watered, and stocked with fine horses, cattle, sheep and hogs.

ALDEN h. GAINES, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. This esteemed citizen was
born March 17, 1848, in Herkimer County, N. Y., and came to this county in
the fall of 1854. He was educated in the common schools of this county, and
has followed farming for a living. He w.as united in marriage to Celia E. Har-
ris. March 18, 1869, who was born October 21, 1851. They have two children
—Clara L., born January 1. 1871, and Charlotte V., November 28, 1872. He
served in the Twenty-second Indiana Regiment for a brief term on garrison
duty at Indianapolis, Ind. Mr. Gaines has also worked at the carpenter trade,
and is a stanch Republican. His father, Hoyt Gaines, is a native of Vermout,
where he was born in the year 1812; he emigrated to this State with his family
in the year 1854, and for one of his age is unusually active. His mother's
name was Sophia Klingin, who was born in the State of New York, February
3, 1816, deceased in this State June 13, 1864. Mr. G. is noted for his integrity
and soci.abiliiy.

OLIVER P. GWIN, farmer, P. 0. Economy. This worthy citizen was born
February 4, 1831, in Wayne County, Ind. He was educated in the common
schools of his native county, and was united in marriage August 7, 1852, to
Eliza Worth, who was born May 3, 1834, deceased February 7, 1877. Eight
children, living, blessed this union— .John T., bom November IG, 1856; Nancy,
January 8, 1859; William L., July 30, 1861; David F., April 11, 1864; Min-
nie M., October 18, 1867; Lurana A., March 22, 1869; Aaron M., October 16,
1871, and George W., February 16, 1874. His father, John Owin, was born
about 1801, in Tennessee; came lo Wayne County, Ind., 1818; deceased October
25, 1848; he married Elizabeth Worth, born about 1802, deceased December
24, 1803. Mr. G. and wife were worthy members of the M. E. Church, and
now that she is gone to the great Unknown, he lives in the bright hope that he
shall meet her again, to see and know her as she is. He is a substantial form-
er, and owns a good farm of eighty acres of valuable land.

ELISHA P. GADDIS.

Elisha Peairs Gaddis, a farmer, is the son of William and Elizabeth Gaddis,
and was boru in Pennsylvania February 20, 1811. He is the fourth of a
family of nine children, of whom five are now living. His father was born in
Virginia, and his mother in Pennsylvania. His parents removed from Penn-
sylvania about the year 1816, and settled in Clinton County, Ohio, where they
remained until their deaths.

Elisha lived on his father's farm until he was twenty-eight year-i of age,
taking entire possession thereof when he was only fifteen, his father being a
cripple from rheunialisni. His odiicational advantages were very poor, attend-
ing school only for a brief period during the winter, at the common district
scliool in the old pioneer log house, with greased poper for windows, hewed
benches, etc. He has sufficient education to transact all business in his line.

He came to Indiana in 1838, and liveil with his brother-in-law two years,
who resided in Kaudolph County. He was married to Eydia Macy, daughter
of Albert and Nuiicy Macy, uf this county, August 25, 1840.

•Vfter murriagc, he settled where he now resides, having purchased sixty
acres of unimproved land and commenced clearing a farm from the forest. He

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

under a high slate of cultivation. This farm is one of tlie hesl in the neighbor-
hood and is very productive. His farm buildings are very good and convenient.
He has given especial attention to the cultivation of a great variety of fruit,
and it may be said that no farm in the county will excel this one in this respect.

Mr. and Mrs. Gaddia are the parents of eleven children, of whom nine are
now living— Thomas W., born July Ifi, 1841 ; Sarah E., born October 17, 1842 ;
Albert C, born October 28, 1844 ; Allen, born October 25, 1847, deceased May
19,1850; Warren, born April 28, 1849, deceased May 27, 1850; Nancy E.,
born March 7, 1851; Hiram A., born April 10, 1853; Phebe E., born February
0,1865: Austin F., born December 8, lS5ii; Caroline M., born August 28,
1860; Nora E., born August 9, 18G4. Seven of this family of children are
married, and the greater portion of them reside in this county. His sons are
all farmers, and comfortably situated.

Thomas and Albert enlisted in the lat« war; the former was a member of
Company D, Sixty-ninth Kegiment, and served for three years; the latter in Hie
One Hundred Days' service, and did good service during the Morgan raid.
Thomas look an active part in some of the most importint battles of the war
— Vicksburg, Fort Donelson, Ball's Blutf, etc. At the last named place he was
taken prisoner, but w.as very soon exchanged. He was' mustered out with his
regiment at the close of the war. He was a gallant soldier and was ever ready
for duty. He was neither wounded nor in a hospital during the entire service.

Mr. and Mrs. Gaddis are of English extraction. Mr. Gaddis is a stanch
Republican, and has served one term as Township Trustee. He and his excel-
lent wife lead a quiet and honorable life, and are honored citizons of the county.

Lydia ( llacy ) Gaddis. the wjfe of Elisha P. Gaddis, and daughter of Albert
and Nancy Macy, was born in Randolph County, I-nd., May 11, 1821. She is
the youngest of a family of eight children of whom four .are living. Her early
life was spent on the farm, doing the work common to farmer's daughters' in
pioneer times. Her education is very meager, having but lillle opportunilies
of attending Bclmol. She attended three or four short terms at the common dis-
trict school. At the age of nineteen she was married to her present husband.

Mrs. Gaddis is a woman of noble impulses, and devoted to the interests of
her family. She is the mother of eleven children, all of whom are honorable
and upright citizens. She has borne the joys and sorrows of life with her hus-
band for forty-two years. She is a woman of excellent health for one of her
age, and is capable of doing and does do a great amount of labor. H^r an-
cestors were the first settlers on the Island of Nantucket.

STEPHEN UAVNES.
This honored citizen is one of the pioneers of this county, having sctdod
in West River Township in the year 18:i4. He was horn in Dutchess County, N.
v., .January 12, 1800 His father, Enoch Haynes, and his moilicr, Elizabeth
(Rirdsall) 'llaynes, were both natives of Dutchess County, N. Y. His graml-
parents were also natives of the same county and Slate. His parents were of
English extraction, and his grandfather was a successful farmer, becoming very

Stephen was the eighth of a family of eleven children, of whom three are now
living, a,s follows: Asa H;iynes, scvcnfy-sevcn years old, and resides in Knox
County, 111. ; Mrs. Palty Corhin, ninety years of age, and resides in Dutch'ess
County, N. Y., and the subject of this sketch, who is in his eighty-third year.
His father emigrated lo iheStalenf Ohio in the year 1808, where he died some
years after, his mother having previously died in her native State. Ilis father
was twice marricil, and was the father of sixteen children ; was of a roving dis-
position, and never accumulated much property. His second wife was Slary

The subject of this sketch was cisht ye.ars of nge when he cmigriilcd with
his father to Clinton County, Ohio ; his father being very poor, w.as unablo to
givi; his children an ed'ication, and wliiit little Stephen received w.as obtained
after he became a man grown, at his own expense. At the age of fifteen, he was
apprenticed at the cabinet-maker's business, a trade he followed with much suc-
cess in connection with that of farming, for a great many years. In the year
1819, he returned to his native county and remained fur about one year, when
he moved to Herkimer County, where he was first married to L.iurtt Gayncs,
March 9, 1822. His wife was a most worthy Christian lady, aud devoted wife
and mother. She was the daughter of .lesse and Lucy Gaynes, and was born
in the State of Vermont. As fruits of this marriage, Mr. H.aynes is the father
of eight children, six of whom are now living, as follows : Willard, l-ucy,
Jesse, Laura, Elizabeth, Asa, Sarah and Martha. He lived in Herkimer County
for fifteen years after marriage, when he moved to Clinton County, Ohio, where
he remained for one year; he then came to this State and county in the yoar 1884,
its stated elsewhere. He entered a20 acres of land ami devcloperl a fine farm
from the unbroken wilderness ; he has accumulated a large amount of property,
the most of which he has given to his children ; he gave each one 5!l,iilKI as a
start in life ; he now lives in the little town of Unionsport in a very comfortable
home, and cultivates one acre of ground ; he was called to mourn" the death of
the dear wife of his youth in 1875, at the advanced age of seventy-three years;
he was subsequently married to Mrs. Ellenor Allison, who was born in North-
umberland County, England. She is the daughter of John and Mary Stephen-
son, and was born January 1, 1815. She emigrated to this county with her
husband, lUljih Allison, in the year 1852. She is the mother of ten children.
Her son, Peter Allison, enlisted in the Thirly-fifth Regiment Ohio Infantry, and
W.1S killed outright at the battle of Mission Ridge, March 5. 1^65. Mr. Haynes'
son, Asa, enlisted in the late war under i:!ol. J. P. C. Shanks, and died with
brain fever in the hospital at Vicksburg; his adopted son, George Smith, en-
listed in the same regiment, and died of camp diarrhu'a in Texas. Mr. nnd
.Mrs. Haynes have been honored and active members of the Methodist Episco-
pal Church for a number of years (the former for fifty years, and the latter for
twenty years).

Mr. llaynes was a Democrat in the earlier part of his life, but on account
of the position of the party on the subject of slavery, he ceiused to affiliate with

mil has fur a number of years actively advocated the doctrines of the Re-
lican party, lie is a man of strong convictions, and advocates what he be-
es to be right with great energy, purely from a standpoint of duty ; he is

ly years a member of the order of the Sons of Temperance, and worked
ously for the temperance cause.

Mr. Haynes and his wife are respected and useful citizens, and will hand
•n a name aud history that will be revered by future posterity.

This most estimable c

JESSE G. HAYNES.

izen, the son of Stephen and Laura (Gaynes)
tiaynes, was oorn in nerKimer County, N. Y., January 10, 1825 ; he is the
second of a family of nine children, six of whom are now living ; his father
was born in the State of New York January 12, 1800, and his mother in the
State of Vjarmonl December 20, 1804 ; his father is still living in Unionsport,
this county ; his mother died in this county March 26, 1878. His parents removed
from New York to Clinton County, Ohio, in the fall of 1834, and settled on a
farm They remained here for one year, when they removed to this county,
where his father entered a half-section of land near Unionsport ; he subsequent-
ly purchased a forty-acre tract with slight improvements, and settled upon it.
After three years, he sold the half-section and bought land adjoining the forty
acres upon which he settled ; he added to his purchases year after year, until
he obtained a fine farm of 2IJ0 acres.

The subject of this sketch resided with his parents upon this farm until be
was twenty-four years of age, devoting his time and energies in assisting his
father upon the farm. His educational advantages were very meager, confined
exclusively to such common district schools as the county at that time afforded.
After he was twenty-four, he hired out by the month for one year as a farm la-
borer, when he was united in marriage with Matilda Cropper, ilaughter of Bela
W. and Elizabeth Cropper, of Randolph County, January 4, 1849. After mar-
when he purchased ninety-six acres of the farm upon which he now resides ;
his farm now consists of 180 acres, with 125 acres under a high state of culti-
vation ; his farm is located two and one-fourth miles south of Unionsport, is a
perfect square in form, sloping gently to the south. It is of an excellent qual-
ity of soil, beautifully situated and is very productive. Mr. Haynes is a scien-
tific farmer, careful to keep his farm in excellent repair, and has provided
commodious and convenient buildings. He has just completed a very excellent
farmhouse, beautiful in architecture and convenient in construction. This
building is two stories in height, containing nine rooms, a summer kitchen nnd
wash-house.

Mr. and Mrs. llaynes are the parents of eight children, six of whom are
now living— Emily A., born October 25, 1849 ; Alfred 0., June 0, 1852, deceas-
ed November 2, 1854 ; Martha V., born September 25, 1853 : Stephen M., June
30, 1H58, deceased August 1, 1859 ; Asa O., born .lanuary 14, 181)0 ; Effie A.,
April 12, ISOl : Edna L., November 9, 1864 ; Frank M.. March 5, IHOS. His
two eldest children arc married ami settled in this county, an. I together have
nine children. Mr. Haynes has always been a stanch Republican, and has done
much for the good of his party in this county.

MATir.uA H.VY.NKS, wife of Jesse G. Haynes, and daughter of Bela and
Elizabeth Cropper, was born in Warren County, Ohio, February 17, 1829. She
is the tenth of a family of fourteen children, of whom five are now liv-
ing, all hut one residing in this county. Her father was born in Woodford
CJoiinty, Ky., January 8, 1791, and departed this life March 27, 1873, aged
eighty-two years two months and nine days. Her mother w.as born in Shelby
County, Ky., October 22, 1794, and deceased October 31, 1875. Her parents
removed from Kentucky to Ohio in the year 1828, and remained there until
September, 1833, when they came to this State. The subject of this sketch was
five years old when she came with her parents to this county. They settled on
a farm where Matilda continued to live until her marriage. Mrs. Haynes' youth-
ful experience was similar to that of most farmers' daughters in pioneer times,
having comparatively no opportunities for obtaining an education, the schools
being in a, very primitive state. She is an honored and zealous member of the
Methodist' Episcopal Church. Mr. and Mrs. Haynes are industrious and frugal,
honest and generous. They have raised and. educated a family of honorable
children, and have secured a competency of property, and are honored citizens
of the county.

WILLIAM P. HARRIS, farmer, P. O. Trenton. He was born December
29, 1821, in Campbell County, Va., and came to this county in March, 1S37.
He was educated in the common schools of Virginia, and is one of the substan-
tial farmers of the county. He w.as united in the holy bonds of marriage to
Loui.^a F. Butler, April li, 1843. She was born September 0, 1824, in Camp-
bell County, Va. Theyhavesix children living— Henry E., born March 18,
1844; Lucy A., September 4, 181(j; .Matilda V., September 20, 1x48; Celia E.,
October 21, 1851; John C, April 10, 1857; and Selina F., May 11, 1869. Mr.
Harris was elected Justice of the Peace in 1870, and w.is appointed in 1877
to the same office, there being some error in the date of his commission. He
and his family are consistent membera of the M. E. Church, and universally
esteemed in their community. He is also an honored member of Huntsville
Lodge, F. & A. M., 367. He owns a valuable farm of 251 acres of land in a
high stale of cultivation, and is an anient Republican from principle. His
father, John Harris, was a native of Virginia, where he was born March 10,
1791; he was married to Celia It. Lamb, April 2, 1818. She was born in
Virginia February 13, 1801, and died in this county November 28, 1874. His
father immigi'ated to this county in the year 1837, and deceased November
28, 1801.

HENRY E. HARRIS, farmer, P. O. Cerro Gordo. He was born March 18,
1844, in West River Township, this county. lie wns educated in the
common schools of his neighborhood, and has been a farmer ft-om boyhood'. He
was married to Sarah A. Giuidis, (Jctob* 8, 1865. She was born October
17, 184:;. They have three children- Lydia L., born May 14, 1867; Charies

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

A., June 80, 1868; and Cora M., October 22,1871. lie serveii in Company D
Slzty-nintb Indiatia Infantry, participating in all the principal battles in which
the regiment was engaged. He was wounded in the lefi wrist at Blakely, Ala.,
by a grape shot from the enemy's cannon, but was mustered out of service at
theeipirntionof his term of enlistment. His father, William 1'. Harris, v'as
born in Campbell County, Va., December 29, 1821, comini? here about the year
1837. Hia wife's father's name is Kliiha V. Gaddis, born about the year 1814
Id Clinton County, Ohio. These people are of Kngli.«h descent, and are among
the best families in the county. Mr. Harris and his wife are members of the
M. K. Church, and are worthy citizens.

DAVID T. HAHRIS, is a farmer, and his post office address is Trenton,
Ind. His father, John G. Harris, was born in Campbell County, Va., in
November, 1812, and emigrated to Randolph County in 1838, and died here
Julj 20, 1872. His mother's maiden name was Abba Mills; she was born
February 14, 1816, in the State of Ohio. Mr. Harris' father and mother were
married al Hagerstown, Wayne Co., Ind The/ emigrated to Randolph
(.'"imty in 1855, where they made themselves a farm out of the foi-est, and
wberp they resided until the death of the elder Harris, since which time
Mi^. Harris baa become a resident of Winchester. David T. was married to
Mary 1). Boikin, June 8, 1874. She was born m Randolph' County July 25,
1863. These parents have two children, viz.: Eramett B., born July 12, 1870,
and Emily, born November 12, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Harris were educated in
the common schools. He has generally followed farming. He had two broth-
■ el^ in the wor for the Union.viz.: John W., a member of Company F, Thirty,
sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was killed at Chiokaumuga September
•20, 1863;WilliamE.,memberof Company A, One Hundreil and Forty-seventh
Indiana Volunteer Infantry, who served his time, and returned home. The
Harris family is of Irish and English descent.

WILLIARD HAVNES, farmer, I'. 0. Unionaport. This worthy and indus-
trious farmer was born in Herkimer County, N. Y., February 11, 1823. He
was educated in the common schools of this county.whioh, in 1836,were in their
pioneer state. He was married, May 21, 184(!, to Delilah Wright, who was a
native of Clinton County, and born there December 3, 1822. Stephen Haynes,
the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Dutchess County, N.
Y., January 12, 1800, and after making some changes, settled in this county
in the year 1834; his wife and mother of VVilliiird,wa3 originally Liura Gaines,
a native of Vermont, and burn there about the year 1804; deceased March 2),
1876, in this county. The father of Mrs. Haynes (Empson Wright), was orig-
inally from Virginia, where he was born November Vt, 1797. He came to tins
county about the year 1824; deceased November 28, 1853. on the land which
he entered. His wife was originally Rachel Rubel, born February 1, 1801, in
Tennessee (nrw deceased). The worthy wife of Mr. Haynes is a consistent
member of the Christian Church, and he is a Republican, and one of the sub-
stantial farmers of the neighborhood in which he resides. Seven children
have blessed this union— Laura E., born March 5, 1847; Sarah E., October 23,
1849; fMaisa. M., Deocmber 22. 1851; William H., April 23, 1855; Lucy A.,
October 3, 1857; Stephen C, October 13, 1850, and Harrison W., February
22, 1862.

ALI'IIEUS HOOFLAND, farmer, 1'. 0. Cerro Gordo. He was born October
10, 1830, in Hamilton County, Ohio. He came to Wayne County, Ind., in
the year 1832, and finally settled here in this county in 1833. His father,
I.sono HooHand, was a native of New Jersey, where he was horn aiiout the year
1790; he c-imeto this county in his boyhood, and deceased Septembers, 18iO.
His mother's maiden name was Hamilton. She was born about 1795, in Ohio,
and came with her husband to Wayne County, Ind., in 1832, and from thence
lo this county in 1833, and de.eased November 8, 1865. Mr. Hoofland was
educated in the common schools of this county, and is a successful farmer. He
was united in marriage to IsabelU MoNenl, January, 1862; she was bom July
;i, 1828, in Butler County, Ohio, and came to this county in 1851. This family
is of Irish and English descent, and were of the Presbyterian faith. Mr. and
Mrs. HooHand areconsistentmembcrsof the Wealeyan Methodist Churob, and
are noted for iheir integrity and hospitality.

MARTIN HOOVER, farmer, P. 0. Bloomingsport. This model farmer
was born March 29, 1829, in Wayne County, Ind. He was educated in the
common schools, and has followed the occupation of fanning ond stock-raising.
He was morried the first time, March 4. 1852, to Mary C. Cook, who was born
.(une 30, 1836, in Wayne l^ounty, Ind., and decc.ised March 4, 1874. This
union was blessed with eight children, of which number three are living —
Nancy, born July 19, 1853, and died July 5, 1871 ; Amanda, October 23, 1855;
Andrew, January 9, 1868 ; Oliver, June 12, 1860, and deceased December 17,
1862; David E., December 26, 1862, deceased August 24, 1864, and Emma,
.lune 8, 1866. Mr, Hoover was married the second time, March 30, 1876, to
Helena A. Stevenson, who was originally Mrs. Hulfman. One child was the
lesull of this marriage— Olive, born April 1, 1878. Mr. Hoover :ind wife are
omsistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Republican,
owns a valuable tract of 315 acres of land, and is noted for being a successfid
fiirnitT and stock -nii.ser. His father's name was Andrew Hoover, bom in Ohio,
February 23, 1806, and came to Wayne County in 1811, and deceased Septem-
ber 22, 1867. His mother was originally Matilda Wori, a native of Kentucky,
l.iirn November 9, 1809, and deceased in Wayne County, Ind., December 6, 1880.

WILLIAM H. HOWELL, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. He was born November
4, 1849, in this county. He was educated in the common schools of his native
county, and has followed farming from boyhood. Mr. Howell was united in
Toarriage, January 3, 1871, to Martha J. Thomas, who was born in September,
1847, in Wayne (.'ounty, Ind. They have three children— Edgar E., born De-
cember 7, 1871 ; Attie V., December 19, 1K73, and Willmm T., August, 1875.
Mr. Howell and wife are eonsialent members of the Methodist Epi.Hcopal Church,
and are considered worthy citiiens. His father's name was William ; he was
born in Wayne County, I nd. ; came to this county at an early date in its his-
tory, anil deceased in the fall of 1876, Mr. lloweirs parents were of English
dcicenl, and belonged to one of the best families of the county.

JOHN T. HUNNICUTT, farmer, V. O. Economy. This worthy citizen
born November 25, 1816, in Dinwiddle County, Va.; he oame to Fayette
County, Ind., in 1827, from thence to Wayne County in 1828, and finally set-
tled in this county. Ho was educated in the common schools of this and
Wayne County, ond engaged aucessfully in farming. He was married, the first
time to Jane Charles, on the 15ih day of the first month, 1861. She was born
on tlie 4th day of the fourth month, 1833, in Wayne County, Ind., deceased
on the 22d day of the third month, 1861, in this county. Five children blessed
this union— diaries D., bom 17th day of the ninth month, 1852; Julia E.,
19th doy, tenth month, 1854; Albert C, 17th day of the first montJi, 1857;
William P., 19th day, fifth month, 1869, and Mary J., 8th day, third month,
1861. Mr. II. was married the second time on the 28th day of the second
month, 1872, to Deborah Arnett, formerly Hollingsworth, who was born on the
8tli day, ninth month, 1829. He and his estimable family are members of the
Church of Friends, and are universally esteemed. He is an ardent Repub-
lican, and owns a valuable farm of 250 acres of land in a good state of cultiva-
tion. His father, Daniel Ilunnicutt, was originally from Virginia, where he
woa born ; he died on the 30th day, tenth month, 1849, in this county ; he was
of English descent, and a member of the Friends' Church. Daniel Charles,
the father of Mr. Hunnicntt's first wife, was born in North Carolina on the
10th day. t«nth month, 1800, and came to Wayne County, Ind., in the fall of
1827 (deceased). Henry Hollingsworth was the father of his present wife,
was originally from South Carolina, where he was born on the 2(Hh day, first
month, 1804; oame to Wayne County in 1830; deceased on the 27th day, sixth
month, 1876. This family has a good history and furnishes worthy examples
to the living as to character and noble citizenship.

JESSE HUNT, farming nn.l lumbering, P. 0. Swain's Hill. He is a son
of Jonathan W. and .Sarah Hunt. His father was born in North CarolinH,
and mother, in Ohio, His father emigrated to this county about 1830, while
yet a youth,, and died November 1, 1873. His mother came to this county in
1857, and inarrieil Mr. Hunt a few months after her arrival. She married
James Doling in July, 1876, and is still living in West River Township. Jesse
was born in Randolph County, Ind., February 28, 1851, and married Frances
A. Hunt, August 15, 1877. They have two children, viz.. Virion M. and Mor-
ney M. He obtained a fair education ; commenced business by working land
on shares, and by persevering industry has secured a nice home. In connec-
tion with farming, he carries on quite a trade in lumber. In politics, he is a
Democrat. He is a kind father and devoted husband.

HENRY C. HUNT.
Henry C. Hunt, physician and surgeon, was born at Huntsville, Randolph
Co., Ind., July 27, 1839. He is the son of Miles Hunt, who was born in Fleio-
ing County, Ky., in 1808. He was of English extraction; his great^great-grand-
fatlier emigratecl from England in company with three brothers, one of whom
settled in Maryland, one in Virginia and one in South Carolina. His grand-
father's name was John Hunt, who had four brothere, as follows; Joseph,
Reuben, Lewis and .Samuel. Hia father (the grandfather of the subject of this
skotoh), Basil Hunt, emigrated to the Territory of Indiana in the year 1811,
and settled on the Waba,«h River, in Sullivan County. He had four brothers,
viz : John, Reuben, Abraham and Lewis. The father of Basil Hunt moved
to Tennessee in very early times, and from there to Kentucky, taking all of hia

During the war of 1812, the family of Isaac Hutson, who were living in
Illinois, was massacred by the Indians. Isaac Hutson married the grand aunt
of the subject of this sketch, and during his temporary absence from home the
Indians murdered his family and burned his house. To obtain revenge for this
wrong, he disguised himself as an Indian and sought to slay the murderers of
his family, but was himself killed by the Indians near Fort Harrison. Isaac
Denton, the grand uncle of the subject of this sketch, was also murdered by
the Indinns near the same place, while on a surveying expedition under Gen.
Hopkips.

Miles Hunt came to this county in 1825, and settled on a farm near Hunts-
ville. He married Mary L. Botkin, in 1831, whose parenU moved to this
county from Tennessee in tlie year 1810. They were the parents of eleven
children, seven boys and four girls.

Miles Hunt was elected to the State Legislature in 1887, and re-elected in
1838.

., „ „ ibyhisownener-

gieH in obtaining a fair education.

In 18li2, he enlisted in Comp.any D, Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiana Volun-
teers. He did gallant service for his country, and made an honorable record
as a soldier. He was severely wounded in the left limb at the battle <if Rich-
mond, Ky., from the effects of which he has never fully recovered. Ho received
an honorable discharge in the spring of 1863. From the fall of 1803 to 1805,
be was engaged in teaching in the public schools of Illinois, after which he re-
turned to his native town in this county and commenced the study of medicine
under Dr. Eikenberg. In the fall of 1807 and winter of 1868, he attended
the Eclectic Medieal Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio. He commenced the practice
of ills chosen profession at Losnntville, this county, in the spring of 1868. He
continued to practice at the above named place until 1873, when he returned to
Huntsville, where he has continued in a lucrative and successful business ever

Martha J. Vanlnndingham December 27, 1868. She
was tne uaugiiier ot .Mimes and Eleanor Vanlnndingham, and was born in Flem-
ing County, Ky., in 1839. She oame to this ominty in 1852.

Dr. Hunt was called lo mourn the death of his devoted wife, .Innuary 10,
1882. She left n kind husband and two affectionate daughters to mourn their
lo.ss. The names of her daughters are as follows: Lauretta W., born October

MRSJ.G.HArNES

J.G.Haynes

Res of J.G.Haynes, West River Tp. Randolph Co.Ing.

i^7..,V_ ulutS^Mms

.f

John Jenkins

Mrs. Frances C.Jenkins

Res.of John Jenkins, West River Tr Randolph Co. Ind,

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

27, 1870, and Lola E., born November 16, 1872. Uia
Christian lady, au affectionate mother, and an esteemed neighbor and friend.
The Doctor has been very successful in his chosen profession, is liighly es-
teemed as a citiien, and an honored and useful membur of society.

GEORGE W. JARRETT, farmer, P. O. Winchester. He was born No-
vember 3, 1842, in Buchanan County, Mo. He was educated in the common
schools of Indiana, and has been eogtgcd in merchandising and farming; for a
living. He was united in the holy bonds of matrimony, to Anna C. Harris,
October 6, 1865. She was born in this county December 9, 1847. Two chil-
dren blessed this union— Clara A., born April .SO, 1867, and Ward, December
20, 1868. He and wife belong to the M. E Church, an! are noted for their
hospitality and integrity. Mr. .1. enlisted in Company E, Fifty-seventh Indi-
ana Infantry; served forty-three months, participating in all the Important
battles of the war. He was severely wounded in the forehead and left hip, at
the bloody bat'le of Franklin, Tenn., and was dlsoharKel on that account from
the service. His father, David Jarrett, was a native of Virginia, where he was
born July 21, 1815; he moved to Missouri in Ihe yeir 1841, and deceased
there February 10, 1845. The family are of English descent, and are honored
representatives of that race.

.JOHN .JENKINS.

thorp) Jenkins, and was born in Frederick County, Va., February 7. 1810. he
is the second of a family of ten children, of whom eight are now living. His
father was born in Hampshire County, V*., November 16, 1781. an.l his mother
in Frederick County, of the same State, December 12, 1788. His parents came
to Ohio in 1836, and settled near Wilmington on a farm, where they remained
until their deaths. His mother died May 23, 1817, and his fattier followed May
23, 184U.

John and his family came to Ohio in company with his parents, and settlcl
near Spring Valley, where lie remained near one year, when be came to this
State and county and settled one and one half miles north of Huntsville, upon
the farm where he now resides, having resided here for forty -five years at the
time of this writing. His first purchase was 280 acres with three acres cleared.
He now owns 440 acres of excellent land, of which 280 acres are in a high state
of oaltivation. This farm is one of the best in the county, beautifully located,
slightly rolling and sloping to the south and east. The soil is very fertile and
well adapted to grazing as well as to producing all kinds of grain. Mr. Jen-
kins received his education from the common schools of Virginia, which were
very poor in his time. He is well educated for one of his agcand opportunities,
having been a close student all of his life. He finds gre%t comfort in reading
the best literature of the day. In addition to his habits of reading, ho is a close
observer of human nature and the actions uf his fellow-men. He was married
to Frances C. Smith, daughter of George and Frances Smith, of Frederick
County, Va., March 31, 1831.

They lived in Virginia until the fall of 18-36, when they removed to Greene
County, O'-io, where they rem.iined a little le-ss than one year, when they re-
moved to Randolph County, Ind., and settled on the farm he now owns. He
settled in the unbroken forest and set to work to develop a farm, with the results
above mentioned. The toils and hardships he endured in this work were in
common with pioneer life

Mr. Jenkins is the father of ten children, of whom four are now living.
His children have all been married. A widowed daughter and his youngest
recently married, make their home with their father. One of his sons lives
near him and the other in Colorado. He was called to mourn the death of his
devoted wife, January 3, 1877.

Mr. Jenkins wag born and raised a member of the Society of Friends ; he
continued a faithful member of this church until 1842, when at the organiza-
tion of the Presbyterian Church at Pleasant Ridge, he and his wife became
members. They remained consistent members of this congregation until 1873,
when the church at that place disbanded. They then oast their lots with Ihe
Methodist Episcopal Church, and have remained consistent members ever since.
As church members, both Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins were devoted and useful.
Mr. Jenkins was a Ruling Elder during his entire membership with the Presby-
terian congregation ; and since he has been a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church he has been honored with the positions of Class Leader, Trustee
and Steward, the last named office he now holds and has for a number of years.
Mr. Jenkin-i has long been a strong and uncompromising advocate of the tem-
perance cause, and was for years a member of the order of Sons of Temperaace
In thejdaysof slavery, he entertained a bitter hatred for that institutii>n, even
from boyhood, this feeling being one of the strongest inftuencos which caused
him to remove to a free State.

In political preferments, he has always believed and acted with the Re
publicans, and has been industrious in his eB'orts for the success of his party.
He was oleoteil to the office of Township Trustee in the year 1839, and served
in that capacity for six years. He has aNo filled the office of Road Superin-
tendent for a number of years. In these offices he has served the people faith-
fully and honestly.

Mr. Jenkins is of English ext
side ; is a quiet, honest and upright nitizen, unassuming in his manners, and
it is those who know him best th U love him most. He has a great fondness for
antiquarian relics, and has retained quite a number that have come into his
hands. Among these we will mention a few. He has two chairs made in 17'.l'>,
another made in 1834 ; a broad-ax. made in 1833; a nmttook, made in 1832;
an auger, made in 1H31, and his grandmother's Bible, published in 1722. One
of the most valued artio'eb in Mr. Jenkins' possession is a wreath made of the
hair of each member of his family.

Mr. Jenkins has accumulated a library of well-selected books, and these
form his constant companions when not engaged in the common routine of
duties on the farm. He is well preserved for one of his age, has good health,
and it is to he hoped will have yet many years of usefulness.

Mrs. FBAXoea C. S. JuNKiNs. This Christian lady was the wife of John Jen-
kins, and daughter of George and Frances Smith, of Back Creek Valley, Freder-
Counly.Va.; WIS born July 6, 1810. She was married to John Jenkins March
31, 1831. She united with tne .Methodist Episcopal Church in 1830, ni

itil 1!

.0 In-

n both his father's and mother

s born February 6, 1831,

this county, when they united with the Presbyteria
Pleasant Ridge (an account of which is given in Mr. .Jenkins' biography). She
was the mother of ten children, six of whom preceded her to the spirit land.
Her eldest eon, Rev. George S. Jenkins, of the Northern Indiana Conference
of the Melho list Episcopal Church, died October 27, 1874. God spared her
life until she was permitted to assist her husband in raising their children to
manhood and womanhood, when He decreed that she should come np higher
and reap the rewards of a faithful servant. She departed this life January 3,
1877.' She was always the central and shining light in her Christian household,
dovoted to her family and the church. The Christian ministers sought her
house as the .stopping place when visiting in the neighborhood. She always
welcomed them with words of comfort and cheer. She not only believed in
Christian religion, but was a living example of its teachings. She wasa most ami-
able companion, a devoted mother, a kind neighlKjr and an affectionate friend.
Her demise left a vacancy in the circle of her friends and neighbors that can-
not be filled. The funeral obsequies were held at the residence of her husband,
and conducted by the Rev, A. .vl. Patterson, assisted by the Rev. J. P. Rhoades.
After the impressive services over the remains, she was interred in the ceme-
tery at Pleasant Ridge, there to await the resurrection of the justifieil.

JOSHUA G. JONES, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. This esteemed citizen was
born August 27, 1829, in Bath County, Ky; he came here in the fall of
1848, and received his education in the common and graded schools of this
county. He was united in marriage, November 1, 1859, to Elizabeth A.
Paschal, who was born September 8, 1830, in Warren County, Ohio. Mr.
Jones followed teaching school for a number of years with good success, bat is
now engaged in farming. He was licensed to exhort in the Methodist Church
February 28, 1875, and is noted for the zealous manner in which he performs
his duty. He is a member of I. 0. 0. F., Trenton iKjdge, No. 248, and also
an ardent Republican. His father, James P. Jones, was a native of Ken-
tucky, where he was born September 11, 1787; he served in the war of 1812,
and deceased in this county July 17, 1868. His mother's maiden name waa
Stephens, she was born in Kentucky in 1796, and after suffering, with Chris-
tian patience bodily affiiolion for a number of years, deceased July 7, 1868.
The father of Mrs. Jones (Jesse Z. Paschal), was born in Philadelphia, Penn.,
in the year 1795, and died in this county, January 11, 1865. He
was alsoa soldier of 1812. Six children, of whom five are living, blessed the
h->me of Mr. Jones— Aquila F., born July 4, 1860; Francis M., September 6,
1861 (deceased September 28, 1862); Ulela M., January 11, 1863; Indiana M.,
December 10, 1864; William M., November 2, 1867, and Minnie M., January
1, 1870.

LEVI JOHNSON, merchant, Trenton. He
this county. Mr. Johnson has been married twice
November 21, 1857; she was a n.itive of Virginia, and horn there in the year
1840; she deceased September 15. 18.i8- The second time he was married to
licttie Butler, November 21, 1861; she was born in Campbell County, Va.,
June 17, 1842. They have one child— Lillie T., who wisborn November
13, 1862. He was educited in the common schools of Virginia, and has
fallowed farming, and leaching music for twenty-five years; he also taught in
the common schools in early life, but for eleven years, last past, he has been
engaged in the mercantile husincss.. He was elected to the ofBce of Town-
ship Trustee, of West River Township in April, 1880, and so far has filled Ihe
position to the entire satisfiotion of his constituency. His father, Jonathan
Johnson, was originally from Virginia, where he was born in 1803, and de-
ceased in West Virginia in the year 1862. Mr. Johnson is a consistent mem-
ber of the M. Fi. Church, and of I. 0. 0. F., No. 248, Trentoc. He has a
well selected stock of dry goods, with annual sales amounting to ¥20,000; his
card is Levi Johnson, dealer in dry, giods, clothing, groceries, haUi, caps,
boots, shoes, and general merchandise, Huntsville, Ind.

GEORGE KEVER, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. He was born June 12, 1838, in
Warren County Ohio; he came to this county with his p*rcnU about the
year 1845. He was educated in the common schools of the county, and has
followed farming. Mr. Kever was married to Elizabeth J. Harris October 9,
1867; she was born February 2, 1848. They have two children living— Mary
A., born October 11, 1870; and Peari, March 11, 1873. He served in company
D, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and was honoribly discharged from the service
having participated in all the principal battles in which his regiment was
engaged. He owns a good farm of eighty acres of land, is a Republican in
politics, an ardent temperance man, and a gentleman whose honesty and socia-
bility are appreciated by all who know him.

HEN'RY H. LASLEV, farmer, P. 0. Winchester. He was born September
9, 1849, in this county. He was educated in the district schools of his native
township ; followed the occupation of an artist from the age of fifteen years,
and has engaged in farming since March, 1871. He was married, March 12,
1871, to Margaret A. Smith, who was born April 20, 1854, in Butler County,
Ohio. He and his wife are members of the M. E. Church, and are highly
esteemed in good society. Mr. L. is a member of I. 0. 0. F., No. 248, Tren-
ton, and is worthy of so noble an order. His father, Moses Lasley, was a
native of the SUte of Ohio, where he was born in the year 1810; he came to
this State in March, 1819, and is still living at this date ; he is one of the sub-
stantial farmers of the county. Mr, Lasley has three children— Ida M., born
October 3. 1872; Emma C, September 21, 1876, and Maud, August 9, 1880.

EPHRAIM LEE, farmer, P. 0. Swain's Hill. This esteemed pioneer was
born November 7, 182-1, in this county. He was educated in the common
schools of this and Wayne Counties. He was married, September 25, 1845, to
Elizabeth J. Ledbetter, who was a native of North Carolina. His &therj
Samuel, wis originally from Tennessee; whaw lfcB WSrBWfli 5BSiit"l«0Si"fc«

lilSTUllY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

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Reo or J.J.SHEPPARD. West River Tp. Randolph, Co. Ind.

WEST RIVER TOWNSHIP.

Arthur B. Brewer, born March 6, 188-2.

Mr. Meyer's daughter Martha was marrieil, December 24, 1
David W. Towngend, and they have a son — Orley V., born Februar

ISAIAH OSCORN.
ISAIAH OSBORN, the father of C. W. Osborn,
rah Osborn, was born in Knox County, T«

a family of s

1, of w

1803. He
iving.

Charles Osborn, the father of Isaiah, was born in Guilford County, N. C,
year 1775, and Sarah Newman, his mother, was born in Virginia in the year
1773. After marriage, they settled in Tennessee, and while residents here,
f'liirles became the founder of the Manumission Societies of Tennessee and
"iMiIi Carolina. Aa the name indicates, these societies were formed for the
I iirjioae of liberating slaves from bondage. They removed to Mount Pleasant,
hio, about the year 1817, where Charles commenced the publicaiion of a paper
■ntilled The Pkilitnthropisl, the first ;tnti-slavery paper published in America.
Tliis paper boldly advocated the immediate and unconditional emancipation of
the slaves. It was ably edited, and though taking a step far beyond public
ncntiment, had its influence in the final consummation of the cause that brought

Benjamin Lundy, wlio subsequently published an anli-slavcry paper en-
litled the Genius of Universal Emancipnlinn, was a disciple of Osborn.

Charles and his family moved to Indiana about the year 1819, and settled
in Wayne County, wliere he entered land and laid out the town of Economy,
where ho lived until the year 1842, when he removed to Michigan, and from
Ihcnce to Porter County, Ind., where he died in the year 18-50. He was an
lionored member of the Society of Friends, and was recorded a minister of the
Gospel about the year 1808. As a minister, ho traveled extensively over the
United States, and in the years 1832 and 1833, he visited the Continent of Eu-
rope for the purpose of proclaiming the Gospel.

Charles Osborn was a remarkable man, noted for his strong convictions on
all public questions, especially that of slavery, when he stood almost nlone, and
uncompromising in principle. He saw from the beginning the true nature of
the Colonization Society, and voted alone against merging the Manumission So-
ciety, which he had founded, into that of colonization, thus placing conditions
on emancipation which should be unconditional. He was devoted to the church,
but his firm stand on the slavery question cost him his position ; believing that
he was right, as God gave him to sec the right, he yielded up his membership
iu the church rather than retract from the stand he had taken. He died full
of the faith he had so long preached, and which had sustained him during a
lung, eventful and useful life.

Isaiah lived with his father until the year 1822, when lie emigrated to
Qreenville, Tenn., and engaged to Benjamin Lundy as a printer on bis anti-
siavery paper. He returned to Indiana in the year 1824, and locaied at Cen-
lerville, Wiiyne County, where he continued to work at the printer's trade in
the employ of John Scott. He remained here until the spring of 1827, when
he removed to'Indianapolis, and worked in the office of John Douglass in the
siinie capacity. He remained hero for one year, when he returned to Wayne
County and entered eighty acres of land. He was married to Lydia Worth,
daughter of Job and Khoda Worth, of Randolph Connty, June 24, 1829. His
wife, who is the only living child of Job Worth's family, is a woman of more
Ihiin ordinary abililty, and was eminently fitted to be the wife of the honored
subject of this sketch. After marriage, tliey settled in Economy, where they
remained for four years, Isaiah serving as Justice of the Peace during the en-
lire time. They then moved on afarm situated one mile northeast of Economy,
v.liere they remained until the death of Isaiah, which occurred June 16, 1840.
Mr and Mrs. Osborn were the parents of eight children, of whom four are now
living. Two of their children reside in Randolph County, one in Wayne County
and the other in Henry County, this State. They were both acceptable and
useful members of the .Society of Friends, and remained so all of their lives.
Isaiah entertained a strong anti-slavery sentiment from his youth, was a fine
business man and had extensive experience in puMio life, of unquestioned in-
tegrity, apd beloved by all who knew him. lie had strong convictions for the
right on all questions, and dared maiut.'tin lliem. He was particularly quali-
fied for usefulness in either church or stjite, and, it may be truly .said, ho lived
up to the full measure of his ability, and died honored and respected by all

CHARLES W. OSBORN.

Charles Worth Osborn, ^on of Isaiah and Lydia Osborn, was born in Econ.

omy, Wayne Co., Ind., February 8, 183:1. lie is the second of a family of

ei^'ht children, of whom four are now living. His boyhood wns uneventful up

la ihc death of his father, which occurreil when he was thirteen years of age.

'ipaliy upon Charles' shoulders. Although young in years, he was ripe in ex-
perience, and he wius indeed a great slay to his mother iu managing the farm
and mising the family.

His education was principally confined to the common district schools, lie
attended the Union Literary Institute of this county in the year 1853. He
also allcnded Antioch College for six months in the fall of 1850, and winter of
i'Vi7. His education was obtained at preat sacrifice, having to work his way
through. While attending tho Literary Institute, a kind of isgricultunil insti-
I'ltion, he paid his own way, and also that of a sister, by working on an<l su-
perintending the farm connected with the institution. It is needless to state that
in all of this work, Charles made the most of his oilvantages, was of untiring
obtaining an eduoalion above that of the average

He began teaching school in tho fall of 18.54, ai
! the winter, until 1806, with the cxcci>tion of tl
endance at Antioch College. During the summer
gaged in farming. As a teacher, Charles was emi

led tt

hing di

young man of more than ordinary energy and of unquestioned moral character.
He was a living example to his pupils of purily of Ufe and Christian deport-
ment. He was especially adapted to the profession of teaching, and, after
nearly twelve years of faithful work !n the school-room, left the profession with
many regrets. He not only attempted to train the minds of his pupils, but
their hearts as well.

He was married to Asenith W. Wood, daughter of Jacob and Phoebe
Wood, of Henry County, Ind., March 25, 1868. After marriage, he settled on
his father's old homestead, in Wayne County, where he remained until the
spring of 1800, when he removed to the farm where he now resides. He pur-
chased this farm in 1857, and it consisted of fifty-three acres, with about
twenty under cultivation. He now has sixty acres, fifty of which are under a
high state of cultivation. He is comfortably sittmted, farm in good repair and
provided with convenient and commodious buildings.

Mr. and Mrs. Osborn are the parents of six children, three of whom are
now living— Arthur W , born January 7, 1859 ; Daniel W., October 19, 1860 ;
Ijiura C, born June 4, 1865, deceased Jannary 20, 1877 ; Edgar C, horn Oc-
tober 25, 1872, deceased October 7, 1874 ; Carrie, born June 23, 1870, and de-
ceased the same date, and William E., born June 23, 1876. Mr. nnd Mrs.
Osborn have been active and useful members of the Society of Friends all of
ihcir lives. Charles was recorded a minister of this church la 1876, and his
services in this capacity have been highly acceptable. He has been a strong
advocate of the temperance cause for years, and has done much to mould public
sentiment in favor of prohibition. He has acted as Superintendent of the Sab-
balh school at Economy continuously for ten years. He is a Republican iu
polilical preferment, and has always been anti-slavery in sentiment. Charlei
Osborn is a useful man in the community in which he lives. He is well quali-
fied to serve in any capacity to which he may be called. He k systematical in
all of his transactions and honest in all of his dealings.

Mr. and Mrs. Osborn lead a quiet and happy life, surrounded by loving
and obedient children, endeavoring to make all around them better and happier
by their presence. They are honored members of the church and society, and
it is to be hoped that they will have many years of usefulness yet to come. .

JOHN W. PRICK, farmer, P. 0. Economy; he was born July 4, 1834, in
Wayne County, and was educated in its common schools; he was united ia
marriage, October 1, 1857, to Jane Shugart, who was a native of Wayne Coun-
ty, Ind., and born June 15, 1838. This union was blessed with three children
—Eva L., born January 20, 1859 ; William E., March 15, 1862, and George 0.,
May 17, 1872 ; he and his family are worthy members of the M. E. Church ;
his" father, William Price, was a native of North Carolina, born October 20,
1804; came to Wayne County, Ind., about the year 1817. Still living, at this
date, his wife, originally Jane Massey, was a native of South Carolina, bora
1808, deceased about tho year 1869. Mr. Price is an energetic farmer and
enjoys the confidence of his neighbors.

DAVID F. PUllSLEV", farmer, P. 0. Trenton. This farmer and soldier
was born July 10, 1839, in this county; he was married, September, 1860, to
Jane Clevenger, who was born February 26, 1850. They have three children
--Franklin C, born May 1, 1868; William C, November 18, 1870, and Fred-
crick E., May, 1870. Mr. P. had but little advantage of school and has fol-
lowed farming; he early espoused the Union cause and enlisted in Company C,
Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, serving through the war. The .Nineteenth wag
assigned to the "Iron Brigade," of the Army of the Potomac, and Mr. Pursley
participated in all the battles of that grand old organization; he was severely
wounded in the left hip and wrist at the bloody battle of Autictam ; he had
three brothers in the war — Lafayette and Aleazer, who served in Company C,
Nineteenth Indiana, and James M., who served in Company A, Uighty-fuurtli
Indiana; his father's name was James M. Pursley, who was originally from
Virginia, where he wa.'s born about the year 1805 ; deceased in this county,
1865; his wife's father's name was James M. Clevenger, who was a native of
this Stiite, born in the year 1828 ; deceased at Indianapolis, Ind., August, 1880.
Mr. Pursley stands high in tho community in which he lives.

ANNA RETZ, farming, P. O. Economy, was born September 23, 1820, in
this county. She was educated in the common schools near where she has

was married, November 20, 1834, to John Relz, who was born July 3o', 1810, in
Germany; he came to this county in 1833, deceased August 4, 1870. Mrs.
Retz is the mother of thirteen children, of which number seven are living. The
living are Catharine, born August 23, 1837; Lewis W., December 10, 1844;
Sarah, December 23, 1846; John W., December 11, 1847; Mich.ael A., August
14, 1853 ; Mary C, January 29, 1855, and David, May 21, 1859. The deceased
are Henry, born October 23, 1838, died October 28, 1838; William, January
23, 1843, died December 8, 1844; Daniel, January 15, 1850, died October W,
1851; Charles, November 15, 1839, died October 8, 1858; Martiia J., January
21, 1857, died October 21, 1858, and James Mc, December 18, 1862, died Feb-
ru.iry 21, 1803. IMrs. Retz ownr a valuable farm of ICO acres of laml, is

argof

cM. 1
nily and keeping til

, and d

iC for

JOSHUA J. SHKPPARD.

Joshua Johnson Sheppanl, the son of William and Jaue Shcppard was
born in Frederick County, Va., March 0, 1823. lie is the seventh of a family
of twelve children, of whom five are now living. His father was born in Penn-
sylvania February 23, 1791, and his mother in Virginia September 2, 1814.
His parents settled in Virginia, wliere they remained until October, 1843, when
they removed to this county and settled near Huntsville upon a, farm rented of
John Harris. They remained residents of this county until their deaths. His
father died November 15, 1851, and his mother April 15, 1803.

The subject of this sketch was twenty-one years of age when he removed
with his parents to this county. He continued with his father on the farm for
one year afterward, when he was united in marriage with Martha Jane Pas-
chal!, daughter of Jesse Z. nnd Jane Pasohall, of this county, December 5, 1844.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

mon school c iuciu q 8 ifl
;c he settle 1 pon h a fill

oncjcir Hell i r >i-l
■ml iropruor 11 ■,\r
r- lev Ic 1 his energies t
is of excellent lin I of \\

It lociicl i,cilly rolling'

lellcnt fftrmhou'ie (

ler

u riersof inilex ill eixt of llu
I tltuily icrei-oftl fni . of wl

let wtsin tie t ic^l vith no i
tl i> lo\elopi lent of a farm I

l'ijneref>Ms"V"i'?'"MyTf"

,nt he has recently ere? el ii i

rols of tiliup rin^i R f ii t

Mr an 1 Mrb (ihipparl
*n ftiloptei 1 i„hlcr II v

It K vei lo V i,\ i| !•) \ firn er an 1 stock miser He is i permanei I rosi-
t f IKlo ily inJ sinioreicl in iiJii|{tol Id ip the country where
lis ch stM his ho le He I w 8 irroi n led hut self with all the con forts of
in 1 ertcttl f r tie hU ilation of Ins family a bandkomc and convenient
dwollut 1 Hh ill tic npp rlonmces for lie enj vnicnt of I fe lie 1 aa also
file 1 lovision 1 r ilie i lotect on fhis stock at 1 tl e care and preserva-
IS farm jrol let's Vlthough compiritively a young nan yet he has
1 t f enterpri" iig ci ergy m 1 j ernianent prosperity Mr Stevenson
N emlei 2» ]Mn in ( hnlon Coi nty in the SIste of Ohio where he
Mth lis larent-itill he las six yeirs oil wl en his fatl er went to
mtyiuseirchnfi oine 1 t rename 1 only a short time In the re"
el lei Mr Stevenson with f ii i ly came lo tl e forests of Randolph,
cs bjrol of II 8 si ctcl 1 IS re«i lei e\cr since IlavinR onie hero
' CO ntry wis mostly wools he reili/ea wl at the woo 1 man s ax has
I ne wl 81 I e c ts about ii I sees il p fertile hclds the great highways bill-
with all J<in Is of lonie tic inimals and scores of ilogant ahodea
in unc gla ce wh ch he once sa \ a howling w 1 lerness His y iili wis spent
IS ill the y itl 3 of theiioneeis had to ui Icrgo, in hard » rk an I depriva-
1 ns wl ich the youth n iwailiysoann t realize Mr Stevens nwis elucated
n the p ihlic schools of th s cnui ty Tl ey were not ns tl cy are now — equal
acile les — 1 ul weieof si orl sessions in wi ter tune not exceeling three
nnnlhs e icl ye i \i I he can look bick and see the old 1 g oahin and the
ong litkless lcnche« an 1 the inclined loarl prijectel from the wall and
Ilk f 1 s 1 i| ly schoil hoy 1 vs that t) ated ly while the woniel lenchcr

0 ktlgriv II 1 kept in Ins ron I ll epowerfil persua ler will which heoften
ni le mil ressi I s M Steve n has l)ecn niirriel twice His first marriage
ookpliceni linnaiv Ism H wus tl en niarncl to Mary A (ox who was a
line of tl IS oiinty and w s I r on the Hh I ly of luly 184i By this

J H there WIS ne child i n 1 ( 1 amy L wl ( was born July 4 1869.
Mis Slevtis n htl Januiij 2> is ii Mr blevenson ifter having ballled
lie il e for 1 yoirnt 1 tl ree touiths co tiictela ccond marriage vitl Fiuily
V liyres i d tl o evcnl was eeUbi Ic I on tl e 2l8t day of bepte her 1871.
Mrs Meve ■, i w*h 1 rn in this c inty Octobei 2j 18H and is familiar with
[i niei lilc bhe wis el cite I intlecfDinon schools an I is an estimable

1 ly '^l c IS I Uughie ot 1 sse ( II ij cs ji lagrml laughter of btephen
lliv es 1 0 IK 1 entionid dsevhcrc in Ilia work Hei mothers maiden

iii„l ter t Bel i ( r pper an nl 1 [ loncor.

1 Mrs s
r ^cple

I f I

H 2 Mary A

n September 7,

m<; 1 lighway two lours
I n I beir tlcsiglt of lo-
u llv p it It ill o it before

e w/isedu-
, ngfrom

I iltl of llioh Mo nliin '

I mi II y t bixty ninth In Ii

II e I ght lung at 1 ichmon 1 Ky
llmt acoouit Hw fathers nai c

nd I IS w rthy wife arc fill

scent and one of
il men 1 crs of the

I I

lei it

ssfilfiri

He

1 7;

libs who HH born \pril 21 IK17, in
n-T In W l<Mi October 18 1858:
ir h 12 181 an I M irllia 1 August H,

tl c N ibiecl of tl IS Bkcteli was a native
ilohcr 12 181. he came t this county

cieilei-

.1 lily
: l** 4 Air \\ri(,ht

D\Nii r ^^0llTlI

, s tilers ot Kml Ipl I

isDsnicl Worth,

inly years to a Ivocating it will

"Tpnlifes^l'iKhway
:-tion Pan el Wortl I
iinly NT Miy 3 r

.f-z — ^vTi ,r 1 — t^5I

I QJUjlR ^-^^

?^"* I ' ■

Residence of J.M.COONS.rRANKLiNTp. Randolph Co. Ind.

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

17U4. His Diotber was Ihc •laughlci- of Jusepli a
on the Bume Islaml December '2ii, 170i). The re
setlled in OuilforJ County, N. C, in tlie year ;
Macy were nianieJ iibont llic year 17S8, and ci
County till the spring of lH-22, when thoy renioi
ana, where Job Worth Jied, September :io, \>i2'2.
band, Khoda, with her three ehildrcn, sellkMl in
(Jounty, where she resided till her death, wliich
Daniel livoii with his parents in Nordi Carolina I

schools then alforded. Notwilhstandin;; the inel
his perseverance and nntirins energy, obtained i
obtained knowledge from tlie books he read, but
nature, and gained much knowledge fr ui .issociiii
fitted him for a public teacher. Ife was uiarilei
Swaim; she was the daughter of Josluiaaud Sarii
Count?, N. C, and was born January 27, IT'.W.
After marriage, he settled on a farm i

id Maiy iMacy, and was

e Wab

■i part

le St:.l(

and, after

le settled in the southern part of llaiululph County iu the sprinvr "f
1823, where he purchased eighty acres of laud, on wliieh he resided till the
fall of 1860. In 18^4, he was elected a member of llie St.ue Legislature, and
for seven years was a member of the Senate and House of llepruscntatives.
About the year 1831, he joined the Methodist Episcopal Churcli, but severed
his connection with that church in IK4'J, on account of its complicity with
slavery, and assisted in organizing Ihe Wesleyan Methodist Churcli, which

1843, and was ordained an Elder in a Conference at (Jincinnali, Ihe following
September. The greater portion of his lime, from ]84i! to l^HV, was devoted
to lecturing on the subjects of temperance and anti-slavery, and preaching,
principally in Eastern Indiana.

In the fall of 1850, he left the farm and removed to t)hio, where he first
located at Troy, taking charge of a church there. From Troy, he went to Wil-
mington ; from Wilmington to Telicity, and from thence lo Ripley. At all those
places he was paatorof churches. After remaining in Ohio for six years, he re-
turned to Indiana, locating at Cariliagc, and filling pulpits in variuiia parts of the
State. His denomination h,ad planted some churches in tlie Stale of North Caro-
lina. Three different ministers had been sent there to take charge of these
churches, but each one of them in turn had been driven away by mob violence.
It was thought that as Worth was a native of North Carolina, had spent, his
early manhood there, and ag he and his witehad many relatives and friends there,
that his presence would at least be leas obnoxious than his unforlunale breth-
ren. Circumstances seemed thus to point him out as the one to occupy this
hitherto dangerous field. So, in Ihe fall of 18.57, in company with his invalid
wife and unmarried daughter, he took his life iti his hand, as it were, and re-
turned to his native Slate to preach tlie Gospel of his Master. This he was per-
mitted to do unmolested till the fall of ]S5'.I, when the South hecaiuc excited
and alarmed over John Brown's attempt to free the slaves of Virginia and
other causes. In addition to preaching, U.aniel Worth had been dis.seniinaling
some anti-slavery literature. He had sold several copies of Helper's " Impend-
ing Crisis;" and for selling and circulating ibis incendiary document, he was
arrested by the Sheriff of Guilford County, on the 2;W of December, 18.59. He

led h;

.self.

sides the mob was thirsting for his blood ii
to the New York Herald, of December 'M, t
violence was not exercised on him." An

was released.

was glad to s.
capondent in tl

horr.l

, Esq., and Kob

rt r. Dick

Es.

much

xciled by this e

amination

positio

noftheprisono

, but that

hey

•etion of ilio court, bi

3 describes Worth's

His second trial was held shortly aCler

reciting his prison e.^i

His fridnds of Ihe iN'or
ble him to reimburse

ivife. Way I v
jlose of his W
liis wife. T1-.

Virginia, «
a lecture Ic

spirit of w

lich he I

veil k

ibuled tl

expcr

■lends of frn
■bors should

living— Emily Vanl, w
reached his inajoiity, c

en of the South. The bail bonds and costs
spring following his return to North Caro-
She passed away May 12, 1858. Ho was
liildah Cude, a widowed sister to his former
iving and resides in Fountain City. At the
lunied to Indiana, where he was joined by
■ of IHt32 in visiting their children and friends
I and settled in Fountain City, Wayne Co..
deatli, which occurred December 12, 18t;2.
with the

t that

aiild b

lade by h
nd four ■

jgical, s;

d his life

s were pi

jf freedom, r

ounty for a
ing to this
icer, he manifested the same bold and fearless spirit that
doing his duty regardless of consequences, llis dresH
in and sim|ile. He canvassed the Stale for years in the
ling on horseback, clad in a suit manufacliired, cut and
laughters. In person, ho was loll, measuring six feet
■;ht, and in his old age reached the greal weight of 300
e speaker and a good debater, being II ' '^ '

,nd w

vhich 1

. illubi

V per:

around

WRA N K L ] N TOW N « 1 1 1

Fniiiklin Towjishi], is loc.-itnl in tlir i.nrtli,.,M pur

ot Mle

county, boinf,'tliosia;illcstiiioxt<Mit of f.crntnrv. .-i,-; ul.otl

.. la(r>(

ill formation. The towiisliiiionibnicevi twciit\ -four ,>|ii;u

being Hix miles loiif; by four miles wiilo. Fruiikliu '1\

WIl:.liil'l

'ioB in tho valley of the Jlississiuewa lliver. on both

ides of

that stream, tho river dividing it into two unonnal parts.

As to

surface, the township ia mostly rolling, though iu some

lortions

inclined to be level.

It lies in Townshi]! 21 north, Kange 13 east, emliruci

nc' four

miles wide of tho oast side of tliat township, and Section

1 to 4,

9 to 10, 21 to 28 and 33 to 3U. The struam.s of water in tho
township are the Mississiuewa, in the north part, llowing west-
ward; Day's Creek, entering tho Mississinowa on tho north, and
Boar Greek on the south. Day's C'robk comes from Jay County,
and Boar Creek from White lliver Townshij). iMIssissinowa Kivor
is in this jiortion of its com-se a largo and iiujiortant stream,
serving a good puf|)ose for \vater power. Boar Creek is of cor
sidorable si/.o, and in early times was utilized to some oxte,
though latterly it has been suffered to bo unim[)rovod for thi

pass(

Miy fhrc

li tho center

HISTORY. OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

of tlio township, the !iui;l(> of i\w houiulary lying a little north of
Ridgovillo. jJoginniufT nt Foit llcccm-ry it proco.tls in a direct
line to a jwiiit u.'ur Ki.lgc^ville, twelve miles west of the old or
Wayne's b()Uiidar\'; tbeu cli;ui>;in;,' its course it exti-nds to the
Ohio River in a Tine [)arallel to the old l.cmndury, and twelve
luihw distant therefrom. Franklin Township thus is seen to
havo been at first, so to spt^ak, the outmost corner of civilization
in this direction.

Lik(^ tho rest of the county, this part of llaudolph was covorod
with a heavy trrowth of deciduous timber of many kinds,
among which oak, sugar maple and walnut Avoro prominent.
Many of tho early pioneers made gi'oat quautitics of sugar from
their maple orchards in those original days, and though some
things may hav<* Ijeen scarce, " sweetening " was not. Deer, l)ears,
wolves, etc., were plentiful, as wore also turkeys, squirrels and
all tho animals of various kinds common to tho climate and re-
gion, and hunters found tho Mississinowa valley a very paradise
for thorn. Ono of tho first settlers killed six door and wounded a
seventh lioforo ordinary breakfast time.

The first settletnont in Franklin was made in 1S17 by Moshach
Lowallyn, an elderly man with a largo family. The groat liody
of the township remained a wilderness for Tuany years after-
w;u-d. A few settlers, however, made a location upoa the river
in the neighhorliood, Mr. Lowallyn as just stated, in 1817, and
Joab Wardin 1819.

Mr. Lewallvn alwut ISUJ built a mill on the river, which has
been a noted point ever since that day. The Mississinowa ■
in time of Hood navigable for llat-lxiats to Lewallyn's mill, and
not much alwjvo.

This jilaee became the ncnuv.st point of connection betwi^en the
sottlnments in W'avno County and the Wabash Valley, and for
many years produce in Im-ge quantities was brought through the
wilderuess to Lewalh-n-s mill, and loab \V:iid built bouts and
sold theui to the iiroduoe ..wiiers to lloul ;t dowu the river into
the W.-ibash Valley. Mimv curious .-md some dangerous adveiiutres
occurred ill conu("cti(m with that old-time navigiition down the
booming Mississinewa daring the spring Hood U|.ou (lie stream.
In th<. reminiscences of Thomas Ward, Burkett Pierce. Arthur
MeKew. I'Mward E<lger, William Kobiuson, ..tc, may be fuun.l
statements c.mcerniug the matter, to which the road.T is referred
for 7Uore detail,!,! infoniiution.

Tho Indians were yet residents of tho region, and some tragic
occurrences took place near ]li<tgevill(v Fleming \vas shot and
wounded near J oal I Ward's, and klHed at Meshach Lewallyu'
though not bv him nor any of his familv. Sha.lrach Lewallyu.
one of Meshach's sons, sho'i an,l killed an Indian, and the natives
were gre.-itly .'uraged and made threats of vengeance. They were.
h.nvever. ,|uiete.l by the paejlie nITorts of Meshach Lewa'llyn. as
also of IMvi.l C.n'nor, the hv.Vr.m (ruder, who, though a rough
and wild man l,iT,i„.ir had yrt a gie.at inlhu'i.ce over the savage
red men of (h.^ f..,,.!; ami jie often employed it in the interest
of peace and oi-:ler, iiisunnirl, iliai he was. 'in solemn state an.1
with imposing;- eiTenionv, aer.u-din.r to their custom in such mat-
,' the Miauiis.

The e

Mesli.ach Lewal
Solomon Ib.rnl,,;-, \]'s
Armstrong, fr;ii>tion,al

I I. 21.

l:i. .luly III, ISIT;

|.r 11. iSlT; .lol
•J'.l, J.SbSi lienj

min Herry, N, \\. ri-ar(i,,:,ai ll.'_'l. i:l -lannary 2'.(, I.S21; .lain
Addiugton. W. S, Iv III, 'JI. i:!. September 20, 1.S2S; David
Hanmier, \V. .V. E. HI, 21, J:i. September 2(1, IS2S; Frai
Stephens, K. S. ]•;. il, 21, ]:{. :\ray 1, lS;iO; Franoiri Stephi
W. N. E. U, 21, i:'.,May ] I. lS:iO: hurkett Pierce. W. N. W. 10,
21. i;;, May Pi, ts:;0-. AVilliam Denibin. E. .\. E. 10. 21, 13,
August 21, IS:i(l; William and Thom.as Ward, in Section H, 21.
11), August (•,, lS:il; |v,.k„.| i;,,... in Seclion;!, 21, bi, Xovemlier
12, P'S.'il; Edwai.l McKew. in Se<-tion 10, 21, 13, March 17,
IS32; -lames Addington. in Seelnni Id, 21, 13, JIarch 17, 1832;
George Mook, in h.^ction :!, 21. 13. .Maivl, 31, 1832; George
Meek, in See.tiou 3, 21. 13. Maivl, :i!. l.S;!2; ,|„hn ..Vddington,
in Section PI. 21, 13. ,V|,iil 2S. 1^32; Al .ram Uenbarger. in
Seclionll. 21, P!, .Iiilv IS. bS:!2: .lames Stephens, in Se,.(i,m
10, 21, 13, February Mi. bS;!3: VAwm;] McKew, in Sertien 12.

21, 13, March 22. PS33; Sebastian Brunnengast, in Section 12,
21, 18, May 11, 1833; Jacob Winega-tuer, in Section '.I, 21, 13,
May ]8, 183.3: William 11. Merino. 17, 21, 13, September 7,
l.S3'3; .lame s Steiihons. in Section 10, 21, 13, October 12, 1S3:!;
David Miller, in Section '.I, 21, 13, November 21, 1833; .b.seph
Tullev, in Sm'.tion U, 21, 13. December 21, 1833; Randolph
Hugh'e.s, in Section 4, 21, 13, March 11, 1831; John McXees, in
Swtiou Ho. 21, 13, April 7, 1834; Thomas (Jreen, in Section 2(;.
21, 13, April 7, 1831: Thomas Addington, in Section 20, 21,
13. May 27, 1834; .John Willson. in Section 11. 21, 13, .[uno PI,
1834; Audi-ew Stephens, in Seel ion 4, 21, 13, .lune 10,183 1:
Thomiis Green, in Section 27, 21, 13, June 12, 1834; Jes.se Ad-
dington, in Section 22, 21, 13, June 25, 1834; Andrew Stephens,
in Section 11, 21, 13, July 7, 1834; Andrew Stephens, in Section
5), 21, 13, July 7, 1831: David H. Brown, in Secticm 30, 21, 13.
July 7, 1834; David H. Brown, in Section 30. 21, Pi. April lo,
1835; Soth Elliot, in Section 27, 21, 13, January 21, .1835; Joel
Ward, in Section 12, 21, 13, Ai)ril 20, 1835; Jiuues A.lding.
ton, in Section 34. 21, 13, April 25. 1835; Joseph Addiugbm,
in Section 34, 21, 13, August 12. 1835: Thomas A.tdingtou. in
Section 35, 21, 13, August P.I, 1835; John Gulp, in Section 24,
21, 13, October 5, 1835; Pardon Sherman, iil Section 35, 21, 13,
Juno 13, 183(3.

Joab Ward, who came to Eidgeville in 1819, bought land on
credit of Mr. Lewallyu; and for ton yoai-s those pioneers were
literally in the woods, cut off from their fpllow-countrvmen, and
dwelling far ami.lst the mighty forests. The next settlers after
tho Lowallyns and the Wards, were, so far as now known, James
Addingtoir;ind David Hammer, who entered, and, it is t<.) be pre
sumed, settled upon Section 10, about two miles west of Ridge
ville and on the river.

An interesting incident is rehited fperhaps by Temple Smith)
of a wedding at .Ab^shaeli Lewallyn's. at which the groom and
bride were a young Hammer an,l a dungliler of Pew.ilbn's; an,|
at thenupliiii dinner (he iu:de ir,„.^(s atlen.l.-d dr.-s,.,i in bnrl,-
skin breeehe.-, ;md hunting hln

kniv

n the

nd o

.if the

I Inmling knife taki^n from the belt roiui.l his w;iis(.

Rough tinier Ihe-e would seem to h;ive been, yet theM.- penpl,.

were upright, .-iyilizi'd American citizens: and. in such faniill,..
dwelling in the f,.re4 thus, were trained sueli quiet, ].eacefnl.
cultured gentlemen as Hon. Tliowas Ward and Arthur McK.'w.
Thomas W. Ki/.er, J'lsq., and manv others like them, who are .at
once the ornaineid, aiid delight" of the later cultivate.l an.l
polished society of the present day.

We are unable b) follow the course of settlement further with
any certainty. Ab.iut 1S30, the current of emigration bi'g;ni b.
set with a sbghf. f.u-ee in tlnit direction, which givw still stronger
in 1832 and 1.S33. and from that time and onward till 1S38 the
towaship came to be iille.l willi oeeup.-uils, at. least the hmd w;is bv
that time almost wholly enb're.l, .N,.t much needs b. be said .as
to early .-fforts m the line of e.luciitiou an,l r.4igion. The usual
" woods schools" in the greased- p.-ipi^r log cabin wen^. established

Hon. Thomas Ward, now a gentleman of inbdligence and dis-
tinction. and of high culture as well, got all his schooling in .me
..f thes.! ol.l fashione.l semiuarie.-,; and such facts e.,nnect<..l
with tin- liv,..s ..f our distingnishe.l men may well put b> sham.,
th.iusan.ls of oul- y.mng.T citizens, who, m.lwithstan.ling thi.
b.,astedm.,.l..rnadvanliig.-siith.)n.san<l-fol.lm.iresh,>wyandc.islly
(han th..s,. ..1,1 tin:.,>lal.-s..;it...l puu.^h,-..,, Il,,.,r,.,l structures, hav,'-.
m'v,.rth,4,-,s, r,iil,.a t,, af.pniy,- (h.^nwidy,-, ni.'ii afl,T (h,' m,i,li4 ,,f
the back w,., .,1s tinws: an,l it may well r.ais,- a won.l.T whether.
afHH- all, si.m,' .s.'rious detect may n,.>t I'xist in our magnilicnt
system of public education, failing, as many believe it to do, t,.
develop the strong individual manhood and womanhood of thi'
subJMls ,.r its training.

As to religion, nolile souls and jiious hearts found a dwelling
]ilace in those outposts, and tho Grospol Shepherd s.mght out.
the stray sheep in the wildermws, giving to thoiu the needed
care ami comfirt. And what was thus .sown has proved to b,^
g,w,l se,.,l cast into a fruitful soil, which has in these latter
years, bn.nght r,.rth thirty, si.xtv and a hundredfold.

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

The mineriil advantages are found in its beds of liino rock,
which between Doerlicld and Eidgevillo have beon utilized for
borning lime, and its banks of gravel which have, however, been
saflfared sti'angely enough to be useless till within a yeiir or two
past. The people are now waking up to the mine of value that
lies in their gravel banks, and are rapidly constructing pikes in
various directions; and in a few more j'ears the citizens will
wonder how they could have beon content to drag through the
impassable seas and oceans of mud in which for forty years ]iast
they had beon helplessly floundering and hopelessly engulfed.
Franklin is so small, and Ridgeville is so central, that there Seems
til have been no call for any other town to grow ui) within its
limits. At any rate, no other has ever found place in that
•neighborhood.

The roads through E'ranklin are chiefly the route from Win-
cheter to Ridgeville and northward, and the route from Greenville
via Deerfield and Ridgeville into Delaware County. The rail
roads are the Richmond & Grand Rapids Road and the Union City
& Logansport Road, crossing at Ridgeville, thus making that
towu an important center of trade, and furnishing to the town-
ship a good market and abundant commercial facilities.

Some twelve or fourteen years ago, the Free- Will Baptists, in
connection with leading citizens oE the place and region, estab-
lished Ridgeville College, which has over since been maintain-
ing a heroic, and moreover a successful struggle for existence.
Arthur McKew, Esq., of Ridgeville, not to mention others, is
understood to have given at various times $11,001) to its funds.
Ezekiel Clough, of Jackson Township, has contributed many
thousand dollars to the same excellent purpose.

The township is occupied by an intelligent, moral popula-
tion, and Ridgeville in particular has been successful through
much of its existence in barfing from its midst those curses to
humanity and foes to happiness and peace — liquor saloons.

Franklin is bounded on the north by Jay County, on the east
by Ward, on the south by White River and on the west by
Green and Monroe.

Township 21. Range 13— Section 1, 1887; Sections 2, 21,
22, 28. m, 1836-37; Section 3, 1831-3i^ Ezekiel Roe, November

12, 1831; Section 4, 1834-37, Randolph Hughes, March 11,
1834; Section y, 1830-37, Francis Stephens, May 1, 1830; Sec-
tion 10, 1828-32. James Addington, March 17, 1828; Section
11, 1832-37; Section 12, 1817-37, Me.shaeh Lowallyn, July 19,
1817, first in township; Sections 13, 23, 1817-38, Solomon Horn
and Jacob Sanders, Dacember 11, 1817; Sections 14, 25, 1837-
38; Sections 24, 31, 1835-37; Section 15, 183:5-38; Section 10,
school land; Section 2(), 1834-38; Sections 27, 35, 1834-37;
Section 30, 1837. The entire township was entered between
1817 and 1838 inolusivo.

Carlisle. — Location on Mississinowa Rivor, Section 12, 21,

13, directly opposite the old town of Ridgeville, Edward McKew,
proprietor; D. W. McNeal, surveyor; twenty-eight lots; recorded
October 18, 1830, Ridgeville (first plat) was recorded Septem-
ber 21, 1837. Carlisle was south of the rivor, and Ridgeville
was (and is) north of it. Both the towns wore still-born. Six-
teen years after 183'j, no town was at either place, and the i)lat
had relapsed into ordinary farm land. Ridgeville was laid out
again, however, in about 1853, and this time the town began to
grow. Yet it did not do much for a long time, not, iu fact, till
the Pan-Handle track was completed through its limits. But Car-
lisle never so much as " poepeil" We have never heard that it
ever had even so much as a beginning.

Olive Branch. — Stands upon Sections 27, 28, 33 and 34,
Town 21, Range 13. It has two stores, two or three dwellings,
one church, one schoolhouse, one smith shop, one wagon shop,
one toll-gate, one lodge, F. & A. M., and one Granger Lodge.
It is not laid out, though it has more business than some towns.
A pike runs through it east and west. The people are trying to
get a grant for a post office. How they will succeed cannot now
be told, though their energy deserves, and wn hope, may com-

Ridgeville. — Location, Section 12, Town 21, Range 14, norths
side of Mississinewa River, William and John Addington, pro-
prietors; Jere Smitli, surveyor; sixteen lots; btreet east and
west. Main street; recorded September 21, 1837. Ritlgovillo
(now town), Arthur MjKew and Joab Ward, proprietors; 128
lots; streets, north and south. Race, Walnut; east and west,
Water, Main, First, Second, Third. Location, Section 12,
Town 21, Range 13, north of Mississinewa River, at what ia now
the crossing of the Pan-Handle, and Grand Rapids Railroads,
Recorded January 5, 1853. McKew's First Addition, Arthur
McKew, proprietor; forty-eight lots; location, north and east of
tJie old town; new street, north and south, George; recorded
April 30, 1807. ■ McKew's Second Addition, Arthur McKow, pro-
prietor; nine inlots, two outlets; location, west of Race, north of
Second; recorded April 30, 1867. "McKew's Third Addition,
Arthur McKew, proprietor; fifteen lots, including collogt?
grounds, Lot No. 14; location, north of Logansport Railroad;
recorded February 28, 1808. Addiugton's Addition, heirs of
Addington, proprietors; fifty-eight lots, Section 12, Towu 21,
Range 14, north side of Mississinewa River; streets, north and
south. College, Sheridan; recorded February 25, 1869. Mc-
Kew's Fourth Addition, Arthur McKew, proprietor; twelve in-
lots, two outlets; west of George street; recorded June 22, 1809.
Ward's First Addition, D. W. Ward, proprietor; twelve outlots,
north of Second street, west of Grand Rapids Railroad; recorded
December 20, 1809. Pierce's Addition, Pierce, proprietor; nine
lots; recorded November 4, 1870. McKew's Fifth Addition,
Arthur McKew, proprietor; forty-five lots; new street, old rail-
road bed, McKew street; recorded May 2, 1873. Thus it is
seen that Ridgeville was laid out twice, and has had nine additions
at various times. It was platted by William and John Ad-
dington in 1837. There had been a mill built by Meshach Lo-
wallyn and a flat-boat factory, carried on by Jacob Ward for
years, but not even the semblance of a town had come into be-
ing. And even after the village was located by Mr. Addington
(who was the proprietor of the mill after Lewallyn), no growth
took place. Only three or four houses were erected, and tho
town seemed still-born. For sixteen years, no business of im-
portance was transacted in the place, and the lots had been re-
manded to their original farm state.

Some of the men who were, or had been, residents up to

1852, were Meshach Lewall_\Ti, miller; Joab Ward, farmer and
boat-buildor; William Addington, Jerry Barker. Lograves
and Jenkins. Jenkins had a store in 1837. Jerry Bar
ker built a hewed-log house soon after, Lewallyus mill was
built about 1820, and in 1830, was owned by William Addington.
At first, it was only a corn-cracker, and was afterward changed
into aflour-mill, with a hand-bolt (water mill). The stones were
home-made. Joab Ward and Arthur McKew re-laid the town iu

1853, calling it Newtown. It stands on the Deerfield State road,
as also at the crossing of the Pau-Handlo (P. C. &St. L.) and the
" Shoo-Fly " (Richmond & G. R.) Railroads, and on the Mississin-
ewa Rivor, at the head of flat-boat navigation. A fine bridge
spans the Mississinowa south of the town. The country is good
and the lauds are fertile. During the summer of 1880, the peo-
ple of the town and region began to build pikes fi'om Ridgeville
into the surrounding country, and a few years will doubtless
witness a very great iraprovomeut iu Franklin Township and the
regions adjoining in this important respect.

In 1853, the Union & Logansport Railroad was projected,
and there was largo activity at Ridgeville. A long row of shan-
ties for laborers was built. Arthur McKew, Robert Sumption,
Dr. Bailey, Dr. Shoemaker, Robert Stiirbuck, etc., were there,
Robert Sumption was building a hotel, and the railroad men
hui-ried him up, ttdling him the railroad track would be down
before his hotel would be done. In 1853-54, there were thirty
carpenters at work in the town at once. Raih-oad work, how-
ever, soon ceased. The Logansport road was not made until
1807. and the " Shoo-Fly " in 1872.

Robert Sumption had a hotel in 1854. Robert Starbuck had
a store; ho built a pebble dash hoase, which is yet standing and
in good repair. Arthur McKew had a store as early as 1850, or
before. Dr. Shoemaker came in 1853, and Dr. Bailey in 185-1.

408

lllSTOllY OF xiANDOLPll COUNTY.

The railroad censed ia 1857, and the town l!l>^;?oJ. Mr. Sump-
tion'H hotel prospered, and the -stores, also, but uii to 18(U) there
were no more than one hundred p.'ople, poi'lia))-! not sn nrihy.
From thecmpletion of the Pan-Hundle Uailn.ad, the ^,'rnwth of
the town has been c.mstaut. Tlio fonndatinn of KidLTville O..!-
le-,'0 was laid iu LSI)?, the instruction l),^;,Mn in IS'iS. and the
college building was iuclo.-,ed and occu|.icd iu INOi). The uum
bor of students has never l)eeu larg.i, thm-e being now about
eighty. First President. J. L. Collien Present President. 8.
D. Bates; [.rofessors and teachers. Mi-ssrs. Atkinson, R(.ed,
Monlt^jn, Harri.soli, Boltz. Misses Brockett ;ind Abbott; Executive
Committee, Me.ssrs. McKow, Fanjuhar, Pettijolin and Sump-
tion', Trt*asurer, llobert Sumption. The college i.s uridor the
control of the Freo-Will Baptists.

The business of Ridgovillo may be stated as follows: Two
grist-mills, one water, one steam; two saw-mills, both steam;
one handle factory; two dry goods stori's, one large; four gro-
oricB, throe shoe stores, three drn'j; slmi's, two hardware st;Ores.
two harne.ss shops, one tin mid stove slmv, live physicians, three
clergymen, four attorneys, three srmtli shw|is. tliren shoe shops,
one jeweler, three barbers, two livery sdilili's, two clmrche:^, one
college, one post office, one schoolhous(>. two doiiots. two hotels,
one butcher shop, two grain merchants, one coo[)er shop, one
furniture dealer, two stock buyers, two milliners, one agricult-
ural store, one brick-yard, one tile factory, one sewing-machine
store, one ]5ump dealer, one book store, one lodge F. & A.
M., one lodge I. O. O. F., one printing office, one coal di\iler.
one wood dealer, one lime dealer, etc.. etc.

I'rincipal men; Arthur McKew. sh(X) dealer, etc ; K. H.
Sumption, trader; D. W. Porter, grocer; A. H Fari[uhar, jihy-
sician; Eev, S. D. Bates, President of Uidgcnille College: Rev.
Harri.son, j.rofos.sor and Acting President <,f Ui.l^'evino (!ollege;
Brooks, blacksmith; Wollinger, I)ut.'h,T; .lames .Vddingtou.
carpenter; As;i Orcutt. eariienter; \<] Mver.-i, .■ircliileef ; D.ivid 8.
Kit/.elman. merchant, dry goods; H.'ury Kiiz-lnioi, drv goods;
William E. jriUer, merchant ; C. C, Hiatt, pliysii-iaii : -los-ph Edger,
salesman; Robert Starbnok, business man and if;id..r; Roiiben
Whipple, miller; Charles Slarr, niilhu-; ,1. \V. Souey: grain
dealer; Henry Meyer. Juseph ]5owersox, miller.

Two railroads cross at Uidgeville. lh(> 1', C. it 81. E. an,l the
Grand Rapids (Pan.H,mdle<t Shoo-Fly) Railroads. The :Missis
sinewa River passes near the town on tln^ s(julli^ide. For manv
youra this place was the point wheuot> rt;it boafs were sent down
the stream, laden with llour, bacon, iiii|,lH-,, ,^[c. .Joah Ward
built groat numbers of these iu the earlierdiys. Tliat luisiuess,
however, stopped long ago.

Ridgevillo is now a prosperous ;n: 1 tlinviug villlage, ;uid an
important and growing center of business and trade. In the vi-
cinity i.s a good lime kiln, and there is also a rock (piarrvon the
banks of the Mississlnewa. A line state of moral sentinient ex-
ists, and temperaiK-e and good order largidy prevail. Salnous.
for the most part, have beon suiipre.-ised, an.i wherever the ])u!)-
lie feeling and |.rineiple are strong enough to pfeveut their ex-
istence, good morals ai'e sure to be in the ascendant,

Distan(H.s: Deedi.ad, ihreo miles; ITniou Citv. ' fimricen
miles; Winchester, nine miles; Randolph, lluveanl one hidf
miles; Fairview, nine miles; Eiumcttsvill... four miles; Fan,,
land, twelve miles.

For ne;u-lv or ipiitehalf aeenlufy. (he duellers in (hat vvnuu
lelp

ud his

fe, Margaret Sullivan, in North Carolina iu 1815.
She came to W;ishiugt<m, Ind., in 182S, and moved to Wayne
C>unty. [nd., in 1S;{|. They ware m irried in 18:U, mid moved
to whit is u jw Franklin Township in the same voiir. They set-
tle! on 15 Ml- Crck, " in He,' woods," three and ;i half miles' from
RIdgeville. Ke ha, alwavs be.-n a farmer, h;is had three chil-
dren.'is a Meth xlist and Republican; only one child of theirs is
living.

Jo.seph E Iger. Ridgevilhl, was born in 1822 in Harrison
County. Ky.; came to Darke County, Ohio, in 1824, his father
died there, and he was brought up by his unch', Edward Edger.
In 1837. he acompanied this uncle to Doerliold, Randolph
Co., which town liaving been laul out a few years before that
date, had not yet began to grow. Four log cabins at that primal
p.'riod c >n-;titut:e I th ' sum totfd of that' embryo town. In one
of th^m, Henry Taylor played at keeping hotel, and also sold
whisky. In anotlier. H 'ury Swot worked as a blacksmith.
Jonathan Thi>mas lived )u<ar and was a farmer. William Ander-
son was ;ilso a resident, but what was his occupation is to us ut-
terly unknown Edward Edger came there to show the dwellers
in thosi^ wo.ids what (^jiild be accomplished in the business of a
merchant, bringing witii him a magnificent stock of goods, the
value of which could not have been h>ss than !?200. After a
time, asecond store was openeil by John Jenkinson. A somewhat
amusing iuslanee of :ipp:irent larceny occurred in connection
withMr. Jenkihs )n'sstoi;k of goods. Some ribbons Were missing,
and in these d lys the ;ilisence of a few rolls of ribbons would bo
readily discovered. Tlu^ lost treasure was looked for high and
low, ami Were givisn over at last as having boon stolon. They
ha,l been stolen in f.-ict. but not by f.donious bipod burglars,
Thev wen- found weeks aftc'rward in a mouse hole in one of the
log-,\,r ii,e w.ill. ( leorg., Ritenour owned a mill one milo below
Di'ei-lield very e;iily. ii- he w;is one ;imong the very lirst settlors
in the re,;ion'. Sim-e th,-it primeval period, there have beon as
ir<'rehanis. among oiliers. Lleales' branch store, in a log cabin;
II. L. Scarl, i.! W. Hawkins, Fitzpatrick & Edgor, Putnam <.V-
Averv. etc.

liot,.l keeper..: Ilenrv Tavlor, H. L. Seurl (excellent hotel).
Judge. I, ,hn ,M,,ck. W.^llington Stuart, Benjamin Thorn, Uriah
Pi.>rce. .Mr-,. Novi,-, (>tc.

The (irst physician was Dr. Ayres; ho went to Mju'ion, and is
ther<- still. Othei-. have been Drs. Longshovo, Beales, Floyd,
-Mc.Vfee, Wa-hlnniie Biudvs, Snow. Bosworth. Purcoll, Cloviu

etc.
There

)een for

I Whi

)er( .Murray;
he also built

time a flouring mill, built and

lie. There was for many years

gone. Joseph

1 ashery, the second and

of |)e

w,is ;il one time an important center of trade and
bid fair to become a [u'osperous place. It was
,di n]> the liver for flat-boats. Two, and only two,
d luum'he.l there. Deerfield is now nearly extinct.
viUe, Uandolph have "sucked out" nearly all the
id. llenr\ Taylor w;ts the first settler in the town
Uurkeit Pierce was the iirst in Ward Township,

ud.

But

making

erio

zed fact that gravel banks are located here, an.l (hat for (he
CSS i.urpos,.of beingspread out over Ih- snrfai'e „f the high-
;; and th.'V are actively engaged in puttin/ (li;i( l;i(e.r,,nnd
• ■ ■ dy

.erhaps,

nd
■ction of

le(e.

Jo.,pi, i:dgermarri."l AliceKinnear iu 184(5, and has had six
Idren. II.' has liNed at DeerlieM, Winchester and Ridgeville;
it to .\e»v ( ii-le;ins and Texas, hunting a hoini>, but came back
i to Ridgeville. where he now ivsith's. He was partner with his
! uncle Ivlwaid in a store at Deerlield; built an ashery and oper-
I ated it two vears; clerked for Hawkins; [i.-irtner with Fitzpatrick
I four years; was several vears at Wini'h.'ster. selling out to Har-
mon Clark: sold i:rain and jirodnce at AVinehester. but faik>d,
i and (ried farming two yivirs; st;irl.e,l for theSouthwest and went
I to New()rle;ins and 'i'exas. returning at length to Randolph
j County and setllingat Ridgeville. In lS7-(, he was elected Jus-
tic of the l',.;ice. I.ut .arier serving three years, he resigned the
ollice, lie is i,ou selling boots and shoes for Arthur McKew.
I Ceoi-e llnflhKni came to R;indolph County, two miles west
; of Wiiichesti'r, in ISIS; moved to Franklin Town.ship, on Boar
I ('re,.k, in l.s;i\ an.l .lie.l in ISfi:?, having had ten children.

FnANKJ.liN TOWNSIlir.

Their nameH, etc., iiro as follows: Polly (Pareons) ; Nancy (Litly).
live childron; Samuel, dearl ; Lydi a (Sutton), two cbildvon; John
(married Susan McNees), four children; Henry (married Lydia
Dobay), two children; William (married Jane McGuirc), seven
children; Isaiah (Mary JIcNees, Prudence Wright), dvo childron;
Jeremiah (Mary Ann Coons and Tabitha Miller), tenctiildi-i>n; Si-
mon (married Miss McNeos), one child; Milton (married throo
times), two children. Mr. Huffman's descendants who survive all
reside in Randolph l)ut two, and tlioy are all farmers by opcai>:i-

Elizaboth Janes, Ridgevillo, was born in 1797, no.ir Colum-
bus, Ohio. The region must have been a deep and pathless wil-
derness, since the date of her birth is live years before the ad-
mission of Ohio as a State. She married Samuel Janes, and
lived for many years near Hill Grove, Darke Co., Ohio. Tlioy
reared a large family, and her husband died at Hill Grovo, aged
about eighty years, and was buried at Union City Ooinetnry.
The aged widow removed to Huntington to reside with her
daughter at that place, and in 1S7G, changed her home to llidge-
ville, Randolph County, with her sou William, continuing with
him until her death, May 5, IS.S'2, at the ripe age of eighty-four
years. Her funeral was preached by Rov. Prof. Harrison, of
Ridgevillo, at that place, and her remains wi<re d.'posited beside
the tody of her hnsl)and, in tlie cemetery at Union City, [iid.
One of her sons was Dr. John M. Janes, formerly of Union
City; later, and now, a lu-aetioiiig phvsii'iaii in Illinois.

Arthur McKeW was the son of IMward MeKew. who ninved to
Ridgevillo, Ind.. in lS;il, fimn l-'asell,, (.!,,u;itv, Ind.. ae.l p,e
viously from Cincinnati. He was iiorn Vm^nisi U, ISlil. al.nve
Cincinnati, in Ohio, and wns fiil;en Im I'av'lle County, Ind., in
ISl'J, and to Ridgevillo in 1S:!1. lie n.anied Margery Ward,
daughter of .loab Ward, an<l si-l<>r of llm,, Thomas Ward, of
Winchester, Ind., in 18H. TI.ev have lia I six children, one
only of whom is nou liviu-. He r.arni,..| ni -lay County torn-
years, but returned to Khl-'eville and .sold L'/iods, and has done

ville, and now ho runs a l«"ii, ami shue slore. <a farm, etc.. heini,'
understood to bo wealthy. He was Cnnntv Connnissioner of
Randolph County two terms, and President" of 'Winchester Na-
tional Bank for sixteen montlis. He isa Uo|ml)lican in polities.
and by religious profession, a .^lethodist. Ho is a man of high
public spirit, greatly intoresteil in all sehonios of public advan-
tage, .and is a supporter of tho toniperanco cause, and of intelli-
gence and morality in general. He was one of the chief found-
ers of Ridgevillo College, as also lie has binni one of its iirmest
friends and Tuost eflioiont holjters since its ostaVilishment. H(^ is
still in active business. His wife is a worthy and estimable
lady, a fit compani-m for her respected husband, though for
some years feeble as to bodily health. Arthur McKewdied Jan-
uary, I8fS2, highly respected and greatly lamented; he was in
his sixty-third year.

Jeremiah L. Mock, S(m of Daniel M,)ck, of \Var.l Township,
was born in 1815, in Ohio; camr to Randolph in 1.S'2fi; married
Matilda Pierce, in 1884. who was (he ,lan:rl,ter of Dnrkelt
Pierce, and born in 1S17, and died in |S7:!. Mr. MneK has had
ten children, and has resided m Franklin Townslu,., north-
east of Ridgevillo, for twenty-eight or thirty ye.n-s. l-eing a
member of tho Democratic party and in vocation a farmer.
When he came, with his father, to Ward Township, southeast of
Deerfield, some of the settlors southeast and northeast of that
town woi'o Francis Peake, Eli Blount, Riley Marshall, Janiiw

Massey, M.assoy, Massey, Massey, Reason Mn-

lott, Allan Wall, Sanniol Kane, Daniel B. Miller, Jephtha Snt-
on, AViUiam Kizer (south of Dooriield), William Jackson (head
of Mud Creek, farmer). David Conner still had his trading
post east of Decniiidd. Wo had supposed that Connor loft that
post sooner than 1 S2S.

Pardon Sherman was born in 1S01, in Greene County, N. Y.
Ho juai-riod Mary D. Parke, in lS2fi; thoy c,a?no to While River.
Randolph Co., Ind., in 1835, and to Franklin Township in 1837.
He entered eighty acres, on which he still resides, having been
a farmer over since. They have had six children; fonr are liv-
ing, and two are marrio.l; one liv(>s in Uandolpli County, Ind..

one in Illinois and two in Minnesota. The settlers when he
came here wore William AVright, west of Now Dayton, on Bear
Crook; Soth Elliott, north of Wright's; Jonath.m Addington, near
Elliott's; Jesse Addington, near tho Mississinfewa; George Huff-
man, died in ISO'.); James Addington, near Jesso Addington's.
After his arrival came Mary Helms, 1837; Jesse Holms, 1845;
William Huffman, 18-15; John Henry, 1841; Josiah Bnndy,
1815. Ml-. Bnndy diod in Kansas. The country settled slowly.
It Wcos difficult of access, and few people found it. Mr. Sher-
man is a Republican and a Methodist, residing at Now Dayton.
His son has kept a store there for many years.

Mr. Sherman was one of fourteen childron, eight boys and six
girls, all grown, only eight of whom, however, wore married,
and cmly two .ai-o now living. His wife died in January, 1S82,
and her husband ended his life aiAong mortal men in about a
month afterward.

Francis and J.ames Stevens came in 1830, from Monroe
County, Ohio, to Franklin Township, west of Ridgevillo. Fran-
cis during his life had nine children, and James had'soven chil-
dren. Thoy each entered eighty acres; they were botli farnic.rH,
and have been dead fifteen or twenty years.

Andrew and Alexander Stevens camo in 1835. Andrew had
eight, chiklren, three now living. Alexander had twelve chi Idren,
fonr now alive. Andrew has been dead twenty years. Aloxandej-
has l)een dead twenty-live years. James Stevens has three sons liv-
ing in Jay County. Andrew Stevens has three sons living in the ro-
■,'ion, (Marvin, J.acob and Fr.ancis. Alexander Stevens has two sons,
.loseph and Elijah. Tho Stovenses have always boon active farm
ers and Democrats fi'om olden time.

Robert H. Sumi)tion, Ridgevillo, was born in Darke Cotnity,
Oluo, in 1817; moved to D(>orliold. Ind., in 1835, and graduated
at Green Castle. Ind., in 1845, teaching school more or loss
•luring his time of study. Ho marrie.l Berilla Ward, in 1845,
and laoveil to St. .loseph (Jnuntv. .Mich., teaching and farming
till isr, I. They returned to Knlgevillo in that year, and ho
kept hotel in lliaf place till 1S72. Since that time, he has been
a real estate dealer. They have three children; the two sons are
railroad agmits and operators. Tho daughter is a graduate of
Ridgevillo Coll<'s,'e; h.as boon a teacher in Nebraska and is now
employed in Ridgevillo among her youthful acquaintances and
friends, making a success of her chosen profession. Mr. S. is a
Free Will Baptist and a Rejutblican; he is an influential m(<m-
bor of tho comnnmity, being a member of tho E.xocntive Contmit-
tno of Ridgevillo College, and also tho Treasurer of tho institu-
tion, having been ono of its active friends from the beginning.
Ho w;is iicqnaintwl with tho famous Indi.an tr.ader, David Con-
nor, in early times, especially during tho residence of Mr. Con-
ner at tho place of his final settlement, below Marion, having
taught school in his neighborhood, Mr. Connor being, also, among
his most liberal patrons. Mr. Sumption has been a citizen of
Ridgevillo ever since the renewal of the ton^n as the village of
Newtown. The new name did not hold, however, but Ridgevillo
it was from the beginning, and Ridgevillo it is to-day, and will
eontiiino doubtless so to bo while countless ages roll, or ,at least
while the " Yankc^o Nation " lasts on tho shores of America.

I The name of Newtown did " stick " somewhat for awhi lo. In
the " Soldiers" Record," a voluntoor is said to have diod (in 1803
or 1S(W. iierliaiis) in Newtown, Ind., meaning tho now town of
Ridgevdlo.l

.lohn Woodard, Franklin Township, was born in Now Jersey
in 1801; married Siu-.ah Lake; came to Green Township in 1837;
has had ton children, six living .and five married; is a farmer;
.■ntered forty aci-os when ho camo; was poor; has worked hard
and has gained a competence for his old ago. He is a Republi-

Early settlors: Peter Hestor, Monroe Township; David Haas,
buried on Heater's farm; William Gr.ay, Green Township; Bon-
j.unin Lewallyn, Groon Township, moved to Kans.as; Jo.ab
Ward, llnlg(^villo; Jacob Winog.artnor, below Ridgevillo; An
drew Martin, Monroe Township; David Call, Monroe Township.

There was (moo a little town called Rockingham, laid out by
John Marino on tin- Mississinowa below Ridgevillo. It h.as been
extinct a long, long time. It nevin-had much growth, and grad-

410

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

nnlly wont down, until not a vestig« remains. Hopowoll Church
(old) was bnilt about 1840. Hopewell Church (now) was built
about 1877. The comotory there was laid out in early times.
and has been in use as a burial ground for many years.

Joab Ward. Ridgeville, was born in North Carolina Decem-
ber 14, 171i0; came to Ross County, Ohio, about 1800, and to
Champaign County, Ohio, on King's Creek, between 1813 and
1810; married Amy Grave in 1813; movitl to near Ridgeville
April 7, 1810; changed Ids residence for a short time to a farm
cast of Winchester, for fear of the Indians, but returned soon
afterward to his former abode, near Ridgeville, and never moved
("Isevvhero from that time till hi.s death. He Ixjught of Meshach
Lewallyn a small tract of land, reckoned to bo fifty acres, at S3
))or acre. The land was situated south of the river, neai- the
pieaont water tank. Mr. W. bnilt a house, scutching down the
logs and making a stick chimney and a clapboard roof. In about
1838, he put in new sills, raised the building to a story and a
half, pebble dashed and shingled it, making, also, two brick
chimneys, and it is a good hoxiso to this day, still occupied as a
residence, after standing sixty-thi-ee yoai-s, A lino spring was
near, which in those timcis wa.s nx-konod a very groat advantage.
He had tifti!en children, one .stillborn, and twelve grew up,
nine living still. William, died at seventeen; Mary (John
Sumption), ilied in 184'), three cliildren: Thomas, living at Win-
chester; Margery (BIcKow). living at Ridgeville. four children;
Sarali, died a little girl; Berilla (Sumption), lives at Ridgeville.
fom- children; Eleanor (Pettijohu), lives in Jay County, seven
children; Edith H. (MoflFatt), Hancock County, three, children:
Harriet I'. (Thomson), Wliitley County, three children; Susan
nab. diodachild; David, died at llidgeville in 1S7I. live chil-
dren; Joel, livesne.ir Ridgeville. three children; Lvdia (Wav).
Winchester, tour children; Joab. lives soutli of RidgrviUe. three
children.

[Note.— Eleanor's children were Elizabeth. Lot, Dan, Jay.
Ella, Asa, Grace, all very short names but the lirst. |

,loab Ward had been a trader in Ohi<i, but he had " broken
np." and phnu'ed into the Western woods, going to the bounds
of civili7,;ition."r.idgevillo then being the extreme nnlskirt and
corner of white settlement. His healtli was poor and his pi-os-
pi-cts wenMiot briglit. Without means, without health, wiili a
-rowing family, he still livwl in hope, and did his best, looking
.•ind v.-isliin^' for beHnr times. He tirsi settled in a camp, cleared
some l,T,n.l. made sngar, killed deer. rtc. I [e was a great lumter,
having killed more tlnui once two deer with th(> same shot. At
one lime, lu. killed six deer .and crippled the seventh in one
morning before onlinary breakfast time. He used to hunt doer
bv diivingsharpened stakes into the ground, witlnwints upward
.■li, (h(; places whei-e the doer would jump into the field, often
crippling thorn thus. Several times four were killed by him in
•M single day. Ho <lied November 7, 1874, having lived there
nearly fifty-six years, and being eighty-four years old. He was
n Whig and a Ropnblican. His wife was a very religious wo-
man, thouixh she was iloprived. by lonir dist,anco, from meetings
of religious so<'iolies; slii- dieil in 18(54. Both are buried at
White River Burving (Ironn.l.

Mr. Ward was eniplov.dfor nifinv years in building (lat l)oats
for sale to persons who wished to transport merelian.lise. during
thr season of Hoods, down the iSIisMssinewa to the Wabash Val-
lov for ti-allic with the Indians an,l Mio o;u-ly settlers in tliat re-
gion. He wa.s for noarlv si.-cty years ;i prominent, citizen of that
poi'tion of the countv, thotowiisiiip rocoiving from him the nau
It still I)ears. W hen lir.st forn.e.l, W;nd Townshij) eomprisi
the entire nortli part of the county, out of which, in ].rocoss
time, we)-e created four distinct township.s— -Green, Erankli
Ward and .b-ickson. Mr. Wanl was gre.atly res[K.cted and highly
osteomeil, though ((niet and un;\.ssuining. an'd not inclined to ]m
intj> active pu))lic life.

I!KN.I.\AriN AlUNOTON. farmer, 1'. O. Ui.lt^nvillp. r.pninniiii AilinRloii •>

in 1850 to llehecca HarraliJ, who dieJ March 4, 1870. They were the parents
of seven c.hililreii, six uf whom are now living — Cornelius M., Sylvester, Mil-
ford, Elvira, Emma and Asa. Lincoln died in infancy. Mrs. Adinglon was
the daughter of Amasa an<l Leah (While) Harrald. In .Tune, 1878, Mr. Ad-
ington was marrie<i to .Jane Day, his present companion. Her son, .Joseph T.,
is a successful school teacher. Mr. Adington was engaged for some time in
milling pursuil-i, but since the year 18B;i he ha,^ given his atti-ntion to farming,
lie lias 140 acre.s of land in .Section 27. Ue is a UepuWican, and a member of
the Society of Friends. Hia wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church.

ELISriA T. ISAtLEY, physician, Ridgeville. Eli.sha T. Bailey w.is born
in Clinton County, Ohio, September 19, 1821. His father, Ilinim Bailey, was

Rachel Thomas, was born in Warren County, Ohio, in 1802. The parents re-
moved to Wayne Couniy, Ind., in 18:iO, where they remained until death.
The mother died in 18118, and the fiuher in 1872. Elisha, their son, attended
the common school and worked on the farm until twenty-two years of age, and
then began the study of medicine under Dr. Stanton Judkins, brother of I'rof.
Judkins, of Cincinnati. In 184i), he was examined by the WayneCounly Merl-
ical Board, and licensed to practice medicine. In 1847, he located at Emmeil.'i-
villo, Uandolph County, and practiced four years, llien attended the Miami
Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating in that institution. In 18.')4,
he located at Ridgeville, where he has ever since continued the practice of his
profession. He was appointed Postmaster at Emmeltsville in 1848, and at
Ridgeville in 18(12, having held the olfioe ever since. He also served as Town-
ship Trustee four years. He was engaged in mercantile pursuits until his parl-

,Mr.' Bailey is identified with the Friends. lU: is also a Master Mason. Ilii
has fifiy-fivc acres of good land in .lection 2, and enjoys a comfortable share
of worldly prosperity. In 1845, he was married to .lulia A. Morgan, a naiivt
of Randolph County, who dietl in November 17, 18.-)4. On the 27tli ot ,^ep
lemher, 185(1, lie married I'liulina Mack. Her father, .Teremiali L. Mack, wan
a native of Ohio, and her mother. Matilda (Pierce) M.ack, a native of Ran-
dolph County. The second marriai^e was blessed by four children — Minnie K.,
Koselle, Ralph and Ferrel. The mother died M.arch :i, IHT.i.

.lose.

JO.SKPII BUTTERWORTH.
h, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Englan

It Baltim

:e, Md.

s father. The
d abou

le 28,

t Baltimore,
r. Mr. But
tiilea of Day.
to Randolph

Butlcrworih. Iheysetilctl

year 182(1. His mother was aiso a native or Kiigiana, ami uieo

March 18, 18:i5, and wa.s buried at Odar (jrove, fifteen miles a\

terworth removed to Ohio April 25. ISIJC, and locjited within fou

ton May 2, finding employment iu a cotton factory. He cac

County, Ind., iu 18:?8, and entered eighty acres of land, aftei-wi

forty acres additional. He worked on the farm of Joab Ward, all hough he had

no experience in farm work. He was married December 20, 1S40, to Mary

.Sumption, a native of Darke County, Ohio. Her father, Charles S. Sumptioi:,

was born in April, 171*1, .and her mother, Mary Embry, was

17'.I0. inTcnnc9.see. Her mother died March 2 '

arv Ut, 1.S62. Mr. Biitterworth and wife are the parents of six children-
Charles S., James M.. Susan M., Hannah E., Annetia and Thomas H. Thomas
II. clicd March ■^. 1801; l^liarles S. married Mary E. Paikison; Susan M.
married Klisha B. West, and was unitctl with her present hu.sband, Charles
Manford, in 1880; Hannah E was married to .lohn G. Minlou. and Anneii .
was married in 187S to Charles A. Minion. Mr. But terworth and wife ai.d
three children are members of the M. E. Church. His son, tjliarles S. wils
a member of Company F, Seveuiy-fifth llegiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry.

JOHN M. COONS.
Ji.hn M. Coons, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Highland County, Oliiu,
January .i, 1K27. His father, jMicliael, w.as born in Virginia, and his inoiher,

father ilicd in 18(15. ThcVamily came to Indiana in 18-.i7, and seilled on the line
bo'.ween Randolph and Jay Couiitiea. The nearest neighbor was a mile distant.
There was no schoolhouse nearby, and the subject of this sketch often went as fir
as Richmond, Ind., to mill. Ueonoe killed a wolf and received $5 bounty for iis
scalp, at Portland. His grandfather was a soldier in the Revoliition, and
fought at the battle of Bunker IliU.and his two brothers served in the Union army

Cluisiain Church, and one of the oldest members of the Host Indiana ("..nfer-
euce. His wife is .also a member of this church. He is engaged in the pursuit
of fni nciiiR. He has about 300 acres of good land. Ho is a member of Dorle
Loilge, No. 3(12, and is at present Master of the lodge. His sou, C.eoige V.
is a Past (irand of Powers Udge, No. 490, I. 0. O. F., and his son, John VV., i.s
a Master Maeon. Mr. Coons was married, on the 26th of October, 1843, to
Margaret M. Wilson. Tliey are the parents of six children— .lohn W., (ieorgc
F., Sarah E., James P. and Martha .\nn and an infant; the latter three are de
ceased. James Wilson, the father of .Mrs. Coons, was horn in Virginiain 17T7
and died in Randolph County, Ind., at the age of seventy-five years. Her
mother died in Virginia. Her father settled in Randolph County, Ind., in 183il
JOSEPH EDOER, shoe dealer, Ridgeville, was born in Harrison (!oHuly,
Kv., September 25, 1822. His father, Thomas Edgor, was born in the same State
November M, IT'.il. His mother, Nancy Edger, was horn in Ireland. Thev
moved to Ibitlcv T.wnship, Darke County, Ohio, iu 1824. where the father die.i
April 1, 18:ii;, and the mother October, 182!(. Mr. Ivlger crime to Randolph
County iu 1837 with his uncle Edward. He was educated in the common
schools ot this county. He served two terms as Justice of the Peace j was re
igned. He wa.s married, December 3, 184Ci, to Alice Kim

Her f

•!arah Grn

I in Ireland in 1

Mr. Edger and wife are tl

J.BUTTERAORTH.

Mrs Mary Butterworth.

Residence of JOSEPH BUTTERWORTH, Franklin Tp. Randolph, Co. Ind.

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

parents of six children — Sarah E., Nancy, Eliza, Jamoa W., Thomas and Arch-
ibald. The two last named are deceased, llr. Kdger has long been engaged

oantile business at Ridgevilln. He has been in this business six years, and has
the largest and best establishment of the kind in Ridgeville. He is a member
of the Masonic fraternity, of the Chapter at Winchester, and Muncie Command-

'jOHJj R. FREN'CH, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville. John R. French was born
in Randolph County, Ind., May 6, 1859. His father, Howell B. French, was
born in Ohio, and Ms mother, whose maiden name was Sarah F. Flood, was also
a native of that State; his parents are both living in Randolph County; his
Grandfather Flood, was perhaps the first Methodist preacher in this county, and
he and his Grandfather French laid out the first burying-ground in Greene
Township ; his Grandfather Miller was one of the first settlers in Franlilin
Township. Mr. French formerly taught school, but is now engaged in the pur-
suit of farming. He was married, August 9, 1878, to Miss Alice A. Miller.
They have one daughter — Leonor* Garfield. Jacob Mill(

Fren

a nativi

of Indii

nember of the Eighteenth Indiana Regiment during the late
war, and was killed at the battle of Antielam a few days after his enlistment.

GEORGE L. GEGNER, harness-maker, Ridgeville, was born in Germany
November 29, 1842, and came to the United States when six months of age ; his
parents, George and Johanna Gegner, were both natives of Germany ; his father
died at Cincinnati, Ohio, December 4, 1877. George L. received a good com-
mon-school education at Cincinnati ; he came to Randolph County, Ind., in
1869, and has ever since been engaged in the harness business at Ridgeville ;
he enlisted in Company A, Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the Union army,
at the first call for three months' volunteers, and re-enlisted in the One Hun-
dred and Thirtieth Indiana Infantry Regiment for three years, working his
way from the ranks to the office of First Lieutenant. He participated in the
battles of Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Rocky Face Ridge, Lust Mountain, Pine
Mountain, Kenesaw, Neal Dow Church, Decatur, Alatoona, Jonesboro, Lovejoy's,
Nashville, Tenn., Smithfield, N. C, and others. On the 8th of March, 180fi, he
married Elizabeth Wayman, who was born at New Castle, Ind., December 2,
1842 ; her father, Milton Wayman, was born in Kentucky ; he entered the min-
istry of the Metho'dist Episcopal Church at Middletown, Md., and has been thus
engaged for twenty-six years ; he is now sixty-seven years of age. Mr. Gegner
and wife have five children, viz. : Charles M., Mary, Jennie R., William L.
and John W. Mr. Gegner has succeeded well in business, and is now in com-
fortable circumstances, having a good business block and residence. His wife
is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. She was identified with the
schools of Howard and Madison Counties as a teacher.

JOHN I. HOKE, jeweler, Ridgeville. John I. Hoke was born in Jack-
sou Township, Randolph Co , Ind., May 12, 1849; his father, Seth Hoke, was
born in Pennsylvania August 20, 1824 ; his mother, whose maiden name was
Elizabeth Johnson, was born near Dayton, Ohio, in 1829. She came to Ran-
dolph County about 1833, and his father came about 1845. They are now liv-
ing in Union City, and are probably the oldest settlers there. The father en-
listed aa a substitute for Eli NoflSnger, Jr.. in the Thirty-eighth Indiana Regi-
ment, in 1864, and took part in the battle of Nashville. The subject of this
sketch was married, December .30, 187ii, to Mary E. White, daughter of Thomas
and Barbara White, of Jay County, Ind. Mrs. Hoke was born in that county
December 1, 1854; her father, Thomas White, was born July 15. 1826,
and her mother was born September 21, 1830. They are both livingat Port-
land, Jay Co., Ind. Mr. Hoke engaged in the jewelry trade and luw ever
since followed that occupation ; he has been in the business at Ridgeville for
four years ; he keeps an assortment of clocks and watches, and does a gen-
eril repair business. Mr. Hoke and wife are the parents of one daughter-
Edith L. His Grandfather Johnson served in the Revolutionary war. His
grandmother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Coblentz, married Tliomas
Young. They lived together about three years, and had one son — John. One
day, in 1820, the elder Young started to Dayton. Ohio, with a load of corn,
but disappeared mysteriously, and nothing further was ever heard from him.
Mr. Hoke's grandfather subsequently married the supposed widow of Young.
The son, John, was subsequently killed in a distillery at La Fayette, Ind.

REV. THOMAS HARRISON, A. M., Ridgeville, was born at Thir.sk, in
Yorkshire, England, in 1813. His father, early in life, became a minister of
the Wesleyan Methodist Church, and continued in the ministry until his death,
at the age of seventy-seven. The son received a liberal education at an acade-
my, commencing the study of Latin when ocly eleven years oM. As he early
evinced a fondness for reading, he was put to the printing business, at an office
in connection with which there was a large book store. Here, he acquired a
an extensive acquaintance with general literature. At the age of seventeen, he
began to preach and lecture. After residing some time in the city of York, he
came, in 1835, to the United States, and located at Springfield, Ohio, where he
was associated with John M. Gallagher (brother of William D., the poet), in
editing and publishing the Springfield Pioneer. Not relishin<; the bitterness
and acrimony of party politics, he disposed of his interest in the business, and
in 1841 became assistant editor of the Western Christian Advocate, C. Elliott,
D. D., being the principal. Here he remained until 1848, when, meeting with
an accident which resulted in the loss of a limb, he determined to turn his
attention to teaching. For some time previous, he had an inclination in this
direction, thinking it a fine field for usefulness, notwithstanding its arduous
duties. He wrote to his friend, S. Howard, D. D., then Principal of the High
School at Springfield, Ohio, who offered him a position in the institution.
Here he labored until 1852, when, upon the invitation of a number of friends,
he opened an academy in New Carlisle, where he remained until the breaking-
out of the rebellion. Nearly all the young men left and joined the Union
army. He then spent a short time in lecturing, when he was elected Superin-
tendent of the Union Schools of Springfield. In 1864, he was elected President
of Moore's Hill College, Indiana. During the six years he remained there, the

about 150. Having several sijns who had received an education there, and who
wished to prepare for business life, he thought it advisable to move to a larger
place, where they could have the requisite facilities. In 1872, he was elected
Principal of the High School at Shelbyville, Ind., several of the citizens there
desiring to have a more extended course of study in the institution. In 1878,
after attending a normal school and some county institutes, where he had a large
amount of teaching and lecturing to do, he was attacked with nervous pro.-flra-
tion, and suffered severely for several months, but by rest and the unremitting
attention of his family, he was restored to health. In 1880, he was elected
Acting President of Ridgeville (Jollege, and Professor of Latin and Greek.
During 1880, the number of students was double that of the preceding year.
While connected with literary institutions, Prof. Harrison has made it a prac-
tice to go about the country on Saturdays, lecturing on science and education,
and preaching on Sundays. Three of his brothers became ministers of the
Gospel, and one, Judge Harrison, of Columbus, Ohio, a Member of Congress.
One of his sisters married a minister, and two of his nephews are ministers of
the Gospel, making eight ministers in the family and its connections. His wife
is a sister of C. Morris, attorney at law, Troy, Ohio. For several years she was
President of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of the Sixth Congres-
sional District of Indiana. One of his sons is a lawyer, one a physician and
the other an editor. One of his daughters is the wife of Prof. R. W. Koad.
and the other of Dr. Cushman. The Professor is the originator of the Numeral
System of Musical Notation, and author of several works on music. He is also
author of a work ou elocution. His attainments as an educator and scholar
have called forth the heartiest commendation from prominent literary men,
among whom are Dr. Elliott, of the Adooazte ; Mr. Hobbs, Superintendent of
Public Instruction of the State of Indiana ; Prof. Staley, of the Frankfort
(Ind.) Orescent, and many others.

CHRISTOPHER C. HIATT, physician, Ridgeville, was born in Randolph
County, Ind., March 18, 1832. He is the son of Sil.as and Mary Hiatt, both
natives of Virginia. His father, Silas Hiatt, came to Randolph County, Ind.,
in the year 1818, and lielped to build the first cabin in Winchester, near the
present site of J. Norman's bank. In 1862, the subject of this biography en-
listed as a private soldier in the Fifth Indiana Cavalry, Ninetieth Regiment.
He was promoted to the office of Surgeon. He was in the Department of the
Ohio, and was present at the first capture of Knoxville, September 1, 1863.
He was also in the battles of BlountviUe, Danville, Bean SUtion, Walker's
Ford, and other engagements. After the battle of Walker's Ford, they were
sent to join Gen. Sherman's command at Tunnel Hill, and his regiment was
sent with Gen. Stoneman to raid on Macon, but were nearly all captured by
the rebels. Surg. Hiatt was detailed to return to Marietta, Ga., to take care
of the sick and wounded, and was shortly afterward sent to Indianapoli.'!, Ind.,
before the Stale election of 18C4, and remained until after the Presidential
election, and was assigned to do duty as Examining Surgeon of Recruits. Re-
joined his regiment^ — those who were taken prisoners having, in the meantime,
been exchanged. The regiment was again fitted for the field, and ordered to
Nashville, to participate in the last fight at that city, but arrived too late to
take any part in that action. They were next sent to Pulaski, Tenn., where
Dr. Hiatt was placed in charge of the hospital as Surgeon, remaining until
September, IH65. lie had charge of all sick and woundeil and about 400 small-
pox patients, as well as the sick in the military prison. He finally fell a victim
to small-pon, but escaped with a light attack. Under a law giving three months'
pay as a bounty to all officers who should remain to the close of the war, he

MILTON R. HIATT, druggist, Ridgeville, was horn in Jay County, Ind.
He is the son of Jonathan Hiatt, a native of Virginia. His grandfather was
one of the early sel tiers of Randolph County, Ind. Mr. Hiatt enjoyed acommon-
eohool educition in his native county, and afterward attended the college at
Oberlin, Ohio, fjr one year. He graduated in the Commercial College at ha.y-
ton, Ohio, in 18G6. In 1809, he married Levina Mastick, a lady of fine accom-
plishments. She was at one time a teacher in the Normal School at Lebanon,
Ohio, also in Ihe college at Ridgeville in this county. Her father, Owen Mas-
tick, was a native of Vermont, and her mother a native of Connecticut. Until
twenty-six, years of age, Mr. Hiatt was engaged in farming, but afterward
adopted mercantile pursuits. For fourteen years, he has been engaged in the
drug trade at Ridgeville. and has one of the finest stores in Randolph County.
It is situated on the corner of AValnut and .Main streets. Mr. Hiatt was elect-
ed Town Clerk at the organization of Ridgeville, and served four years, and is
now the 'I'reasurer of the corporation and Secretary of the Board of Ridge-
ville College, in which capacity he is serving his second term. By his own
efforts and industry, he has succeeded in accumulating property to the value of
several thousand dollars. His brother, John W., who now resides in Ne-
braska, was a soldier in the Union army. His wife is a member of the Mis-
sionary Baptist Church.

GEOIIGH W. HOLOWELL, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born July 11,
1842. His father was William Holowell, and his molher before marriage, was
Catharine Newburn. Both were natives of Ohio. Mr. Holowell came to Indi-
ana in 1847. He enlisted in the Fortieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infan-
try and served four years. He parlicipated in the battlus of Mill Creek, Ky.,
Chickamauga, Nashville and other engagements, and at Kenesaw Mountain he
was wounded in the arm and breast. He was married, February C, 1868, to
Julia A. Stephens, daughter of John Stephens; her parents are natives of
Monroe County, Ohio. They have seven children living, viz., John W., Fran-
cis S., Jacob W., Jane G., George E., Adda E. and Oliver P. Adda E. died
April 22, 1881. Mr. Holowell has a good farm of IGO acres, and is comforta-
bly situated. In politics, he is a true Republican.

HALE HOLOWELL, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Randolph
County, Ind., April 4, 1854. His father, William Holowell, "was born in
Preble County, Ohio ; his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth McKerr ; his
paternal grandfather served in the war of 1812. Mr. Holowell was married,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

December 31, 1874, to Luzena RidJlebarger, daughter of David and Mary A.
Riddlebarger, both of whom are now living at Ridgeville. They have one
daughter living. Mrs. Holowen'.s grandfather served in the war of 1812 ; her
father, David Riddlebarger, was born in Virginia ; her mother, whose maiden
name was Mary A. Rhoades, was born in Indiana.

HENRY D. HORN, farmer. P. 0. Sherman, was bora in Randolph County,
Ind., February 15, 1841) ; his parents, Jacob and Sarah Horn, were natives of
North Carolina; they came to Randolph County in Ig.'SO; his mother dieil in
1S73 and his father in 1878. His grindfather Wood was in the war of 1812.
Mr. Horn was married to Sarah J. Malthie December 29, 1860. They have
four children living, viz., Ida M., Annie 15., George Thomas and .lames A.
Mrs. Horn is the daughter of Joshua and Elizabeth 0. (Brown) Maltbie, the
farmer a native of Ohio and the latter a native of Kentucky ; her mother is
living at Farmland. Mr. Horn is engaged at the pursuit of farming. He is a
■ lember of the Society of Friends, and in politics a Republican. His wife is a
member of the Disciples' or Christian Church. She has two sisters— Malinda
A., wife of Stephen Norman. Rachel M., and two brothers— George W. and
Robert T., both of whom are dead.

MARION L. JACK, tinner, Ridgeville, was horn in Ward Township, Ran-
dolph County, Ind., November 4, 1856. His father, John W. Jack, and his
mother, Mary E. (Lewis) Jack, were both natives of that township, and his
grandfather, Robert Jack, was one of the Tery early settlers of this county.
Mr. Jack is engaged in the tinware and stove business at Ridgeville. He is an
enterprising young man. He was iii:ivried, December 4, 1879, to Miss Mary E.
Collins, a native of Jay County, Ind., and daughter of Martin T. and Victoria
Collins.

WILLIAM M. JANES, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was bom in Campbell
County, Ky., October 20, 1817. His father, Samuel Janes, was bora in Vir-
ginia October 15, 173(5, and his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth
McCollum, was born in Kentucky October 2ti, 1708. His father was an officer
in the war of 1812, and fought gallantly in a number of battles. At the sur-
render of Hull at Detroit, he forced his sword into the ground and broke it,
rather than humiliats himself by handing it to a British olfioer. The subject
of this biography first visited Rjindolph County in 1828, but did not settle here
until 1868. On the lOlh of February, 1842, he was married to Lucinda
Baughman. a native of Virginia; her parents were both natives of that State.
In early life, Mr. Janes was engaged in boating on the Ohio and Mississippi
Rivers. He kept hotel in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1863 and 18r,4, and in Coving-
ton, Ky., for the next three years. He has been engaged at the carpenter's
trade ever since, aad is still an able and efficient hand. He has a good resi-
dence on the corner of Main and Portland streets, Ridgeville. and seven and a
half acres of good land adjoining the town. He served as Justice of the Peace
three years and Trustee six years in Adams County. Ohio Both himself and
wife are members of the Methodist Kpiscopal <;imrch. He was mado a Master
Mason in 1842, and a Royal Arch Mason in 1844. His mother died at the aie
of eighty-four years six months and ten days. She was a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church fir more than fifty years, Mr. Janes anil wife
have two adopted daughters — Mary A. and Annie Belle, both estimable young
ladies.

MRS. ELMIRA MrKHW, farming, P. 0. Ridgeville. Elmira Taylor was
hnvn in Virginia February 14, 18.'57. Her father, James Taylor, and her mother,
Ann (Thomas) Taylor, were both nativesof that State. Hergrandfatherserved
in the war of 1812. Her father died in Virginia. Iler mother .still reshles
there, at an advanced age. Miss Taylor was married, in 1855, to George Mc-
Kew, a native of Ireland. He came to Randolph County in 183R, and died in
1870. She has two children living, named Ella and Robb, respectively.
Mrs. McKew has 140 acres of good laud in section 12, under a fine state of cul-

ISAIAH C. MILNER, farmer, V. (). Clark's. Isaiah C. Milner w.-is born
in Riuidolph County, Ind., September 10, 1822. His father, John Milner, was

bom in North Carolina; she died August 25, 1846, and his father died May 2;},
1850. They came to Randolph (.bounty about the year 1820, His grandfather
Milner was in the Rcvoluliimary War, and was wounded, and, although entitled
to a pension, he always refused to apply for It. His maternal grandfather.
Case, also served in the Kjvniutionary war for five years. Mr. Milner was
reared in the county in which he now lives, and is well known. He taught
anger days during the wint ' ,— ..,. ,

ing III

tweniy-eight yean

has been engaged in farming. May 8, 185:
Freeman. Thev have three children — Marv J., Surnh S and Nathaniel M.
Mrs. Milner is'the daughter of Thoniton S. and Nancy P. ( Holingsworlh)
freeman, both natives of South Carolina. Her mother is still living; her
father died February 19, 1849. Mr. Milner was elected Township Trustee in
1859, and, after serving four years, was re-elected. He also served as Laml
Appraiser and Assessor. He has 160 acres of good land, in .Section 26, where
he locatcil when thirty-two years of age. Ho is a Republican in politics. His
family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

HENRY T. KITSELMAN, mei'chant, P. O. Ridgeville. Henry T. Kit,sol-
nian was born in Wayne County, Ind., March 17, 185.'i. His lather was Joseph
Loven. but he was adopted anrl reared by Davis S. Kitselinan. lie enjoyed
good educatiimal advantages in youth, and attcndeil college for more than two
years. He was married to Martha Niswunger in January, 1874. Her parents,
Joseph and Elizabeth, are both living at Ridgeville. Mr. and Mrs. Kilaclman
are the parents of three children, two of whom (Nina and Zella) arc now liv-
ing; Elsie died in February, 18"*0. After the close of his school life. Mr.
Kitselnian act cil as express agent for three years, but has since been engaged
in mercantile pursuits. He is now the senior menfiber of the firm of Kitsel-
man. Seaney & Cj., dealers in dry goods, clothing, etc. He is a member of the
Methodist KpLscopal Church, as istilso his wife ; he is also a member of Ridge-
ville Lodge, I. 0. O. F. Ho has long been identified with the Republican party.

and has served as Town Clerk and Councilman, and is at present a member of
the School Board. He has some valuable town property, and is comfortably
situated.

DAVIS S. KITSKLMAN, hardware, Ridgeville. Davis S. Kitselman was
born in Chester County, Penu., October 23, 1819. His father, John H., and his
mother, whose maiden name was Mary Graham, were both natives of that
county, and both died there— the father in 1841, and the mother in 1849.
John H. Kitselman served in the war of 1812, and his father in the warof the
Revolution, and was in the encampment at Valley Forge. Davis S. Kitselman
came to Randolph t/ounty, Ind,, in 1854, and htis resided here ever since. He
married Mabala A. Starbuck, a' native of Indiana— born October 19, 18:i;i.
She is a member of the Baptist Church ; her father was a native of North Caro-

used b

,, AlvaL., Mar

., Davii

M., Ida F., Carle M., Edwin F. and A
Henry T. Mr. Kitselman was reared on a farm, but h^is, at various limes been
engaged in other pursuits, among them, the occupation of milling, aud has
spent a good portion of his life in mercantile pursuits. For six years he was
engaged in the drug trade, with Dr. Ward, and for the past seven years, has
l>een in the hardware trade at Ridgeville. His store is on the corner of First
and Walnut streets, where he keeps a general assortment of hardware, stoves
and tinware. He has been a member of the Town (Council of Ridgeville, and
is a Past Grand in Ridgeville Lodge, No. 297, I. 0. 0. F. He has 135 acres o!
good land, a neat, comfortable residence and several town lots.

ARTHUR McKEW.
Arthur McKew, one of the oldest and most prominent citizens of Ridge-
ville. was born near Cincinnati, Ohio, August 12, 1819. His parents came to
the United States Trom Ireland, and were married in Pennsylvania. They re-
moved to Fayette County, lad., when their son, Arthur, was butachild, and h'
grew up among the scenes that marked the pioneer period in this State. Hi
educational privileges were nccessivrily very limited, yet by close application
and faithful study he acquired sufficient knowledge to enable him to conduc'
intelligently and successfully an extensive business in later yeaw, and qualif;
himself for a varied and successful career as a merchant,, miller and banker
When about twelve years of age he came to Randolph County, Ihd, with hi^'
parents, and located with them on a farm directly across the river from the
present site of Ridgeville. Here a great portion of his time was employed in
assisting his father to clear his land and cultivate his farm, until he had nearly
attained his twenty-first year. During this period, however, he spent a term
of four months at school in Fayette County, which closed his school life. Upin
nearing his majority, he stiirled out to earn a livelihood for himself, anil for
the next throe year.^ worked as a farm laborer, at very low wages, but manag
ing to save a portion of the little pittance he cpirned. After working thus for
about three years, he learned the plasterer's trade, without assistance from
any one, and was engaged .at this pursuit, in connection with farming, until
about twenty-eight years old. By that time, he had saved enough from his
earnings to enable him to purchase a small farm, and invested it accordingly.
He purchitsed sixty acres, and opened a store at what w.os then the cross-roads,
but now the principal part of the town of Ridgeville. This little farm was the
nucleus of a large landed estate, comprising 1,200 acres in a body, and the
little store the beginning of a prosperous mercantile career. He conducted a.
large and promiscuous trade with farmers througho'it the surrounding country,
buying from them everything convertible into CJish. ami keeping his store sup
plied with the class of merchandise most in demand. His personal popularity,
and his honorable and manly treatment of his customers secured to hia eslal;
lishment a large Ir.ade from all the surrounding country throughout a perio.
of many years. Hia business grew with the years, and he became identificix
with other enterprisxs, thus making his interests varied and extensive. In ]85'1.
• '■ ■ Ridgeville, and, in 185'.), erecli'n

liehi

replacing it

a larger r

1 1866, however,

ties for manufacturing the beat of tluiir
[e sold this mill in 1870, and purcliased one at Walton, Ind., in 1875, rcniov-
ig it to Ridgeville. This mill, wiili all its fine machinery, together with a
iluable lot of grain, were destroyed by fire on the 6th of May, 1877, but not
Iscouraged by this disaster, he at once began the erection of a fine fire-proof
lill, with all its appointments and machinery of the latest and most approved
yle. His industry and fine financial ability could not fail to return him goldeii
awards, and his fortune accumulated rapidly. Yet he never possessed any
irdid propeniities, and, instead of seeking to add to a fortune already ample,
J found the greatest pleasure in disbursing his rabney in ways that would do
)od to hii fellow men. and ease the burden of some one les.s fortunate than he
was written of him, by one who knew well, thai " there is no material im

id public spirit of this good man. There was never, during his lifetime, any
jod work commenced in this cotnmutiity that did not have him fur a leader,
e was one of the men born to leivd ; one of the men to whom it was given the
)Wer to succeed in almost every undertaking, and one of the grand old pion-

county, and

to fori

iright in the li

people."

He was liberal to the poor, and his many acts of 1

indness and charily

this class gained him a place in their hearts that cut ii

i-ver be filled byanoihe

He contributcdhirgoly of his means to encourage puhli

improvements throupl

out the county, and using his inHuenoe for the sue

cess of every enterpri

designed to benefit the public. It is cliiefly to his infl

ence that Kidgeville

le of the earliest frieni

of the Cincinnati, Richmond & Fort Wayne Railroad, a

nd served as one of i

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

.f $11,1

swelled his bounty toward thi
while it proved hia freedom from aeotat

org of this collepe from its founding uniii nis acairi. tie was one oi loe or-
ganizers of the First National Bank of Winchester, and was the first Cashier
of that institution. He founded the Uidgeville Bank, and served as its President
until his decease.

In his political affiliations, Mr. McKew was at first an anti-slavery Whig.
Later, however, he identified himself with the Republican party, and was a
valued member of that organization. He filled several elective ofBces, among
them that of County Commissioner, in which capacity his fine judgmentproved
of great value to the materi.al interests of the county. He was an \incompro-
mising temperance man, and a strong ally of the temperance cause. He united
with the order of Anci'ent, Free and Accepted Masons in IS-")!, and for more
than thirty years was an active member. He transferred his membership to
Doric Lodge, No. 302, at Ridgeville, upon its organization, and was identified
with it at the time of his death. He was a Royal Arch Mason in the Council
at Winchester, and was unanimously admitted as a Sir Knight in the Comniand-
ery at Richmond, Ind., but was never initiated. He died on the Ist day of
January, 1882, mourned by all who had known him in life.

He was married, in 'March. 1844, to Margery, daughter of Joab Ward,
and sister of Hon, Thomas Ward, of Winchester. Six children were the fruits
of this union, all of whom are now deceased, save Melissa i:., wife of AV. F.
Studebaker, of Ridgeville. His wife still survives him, occupying the home
where they spent the years of a happy wedded life, ere death severed the tie
that bad so long bound their hearts as one.

Although dead, Arthur .McKew has left a name th.it will always be hon-

the public

1 by tl

Randolph County,

ASA ORCUTT, carpenter, Rid^reville,
Ind., October 10, 1840. His father, Jacob i
his mother, whose maiden name was Christina Rarick, was born in Pennsyl-
vania. They came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1838, where the father died
in 1846, and the mother in 1873. His father was a soldier in the Indian wars,
and his grandfather Rarick in the war of the Revolution. Mr. Orcutt was
married, on the 24th of August, 1862, to Miss Anna E. Hacrshman, daughter
of Jacob Haershman, a native of Pennsylvania. He died in 1863. They have
one son — Reuben, born January 23, 1864. Mr. Orcutt was reared a farmer,
and followed that occupation until sixteen years of age. He learned the car-
penter's trade, and has ever since been engaged in that vocation. He has suc-
ceeded by industry, and is now comfortably situated.

HENIir A. RARICK, milling, Ridgeville, was born in Dayton, Ohio, June
12, 1846. His father. Dr. H. J. Rarick, was born in Germany, and his mother,
whose maiden name was Catharine Wertz, was born in Pennsylvania. Both are
now living at Dayton, Ohio. Mr. Rarick came to Indiana in 1876. In 1862,
ho enlisted in the Union army, and was engaged in thirteen battles, among
which were the battles of Arkansas Post, Vicksburg, Stone River and Chicka-
miuga. He was in the Red River expedition, and was twice wounded, but not
seriously. He was mustered out of the service in 1865. On the Ifit'.i of Octo-
ber, 1867, he was married to Isabella Ray, daughter of William Ray, a tanner,
of Indianapolis, Ind. Mr. Rarick has long been engaged in milling pursuits,
but has recently adopted the vocation of farming. He has a good farm of
eighty acres in Section 22. He was a member of the Seventeenth Independent
0. B. Light Artillery, and still retains, as a relic, the saber he carried through

ABRAHAM ROE, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Ohio April 10,
1819. , His father, Ezekiel, was born in Pennsylvania, and his mother, whose
maiden name was Elizabeth Funk, a native of the same State. His father died
June 20, 1860, and his mother in 1863, both in Randolph County, Ind. Mr.
Roe came to this county at a time when Indians and wiM game abounded. He
has killed, according to his own testimony, !»70 deer, the largest part of this
number having been killed in this county, and his father was aiso a successful
marksman. Mr. Roe was married, February 28, 1844, to Hannah Renbarger,

■ re of Randolph County, Ind. They are the parents of four ohildi

I of whoi

ElizE

rtife of L. L. '

Mrs. Roe is the daughter of Abraham .'ind Puichael (Luellec) Renbargei
former a native of Kentucky, and the latter of Ohio. Mr. Koe has always
followed the occupation of fivrmiug. He has eighty acres of fine land, and is a
successful farmer. He and wife are members of the M, E. Church, and in
politics he is identified with the -Republican party.

MRS. ANGELINE WHIPPLE, housekeeper, Ridgeville, was born in
Randolph County, Ind. Her father, Reuben Whipple, wag horn in Dela-
ware County, Ohio, in January, 1834. Her mother, whose maiden name
was M.ary Orcutt, was horn in Darke County. Ohio, October 18, 1838. Mrs.
Whipple was married, on the 4th of .May, 1876, to Newton McKew, a native of
Randolph County, Ind., and son of Arthur .McKew. Her husband wm horn
July 13, 18.54, and died July 6, 1879. They had two children— Newton A. and
Ida, of whom only the former survives. Ida died September 25, 1878, aged
thirteen months. Mr. McKew was a member of the .M. E. Church, and a life
member of the .Missionary Society. Reubeu Whipple was a member of the
Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment. He enlisted in 1861, and served three years.

ALEXANDER WOOD, farmer and lawyer, Ridgeville, wast born in Darke
County, Ohio, October 30, 1832. His father, Samuel Wood, was born in Vir-
ginia iMay 22, 1794, and hia mother, Elizabeth (Tliompaon) Wood, was born at
Elizabethtown N. J., March 4, 1801. His grandfather was born July 4, 1760,
in North Carolina, and his grandmother, Jemima Phillips, was born in Dela-
ware January 26, 1774. They were morried January 15, 1793. Mr. Wood's
parents came to Randolph County, Ind., in February, 1837. His father served
in the war of 1812, and his grandfather Wood in the Revolutionary war under
Gen. Greene. He was wounded in the hip at Gilford Station, and was at the
battle of Hunker Hill, Eutaw Springs, and others. His grandfather, Thomp-

this county, and in yocjth enjoyed good educational advantages. After com-
pleting the common school course, he graduated in the classical department of
Ridgeville College. He studied law, end on the 4th of July, 1855, was admitted
to the bar. His time since tfrat has been devoted more or less to his profea-
sion, and by diligence in his cJiosen field ho has made life a success. He haa
a handsome residence and 100 aores of land adjoining the corporation of
Ridgeville. also a good business houe-e on Walnut street, in Ridgeville. His
brothers, George ami William, were boti killed by Indians, in Minnesota, in
1857; his brother, Charles R., enlisted in Company G, Eighth Indiana Regi-
ment, in August, and died on the field in November of the '- ime year; another
brother, Elijah, enlisted in the three months' service when but sixteen years
of age, and re-enlisted, in 1863, in the Seventh Indiana Cavalry. He received
a wound in the arm. from the elTects of which he died In August, 1864. Elisha,
the twin brother of Elijah, enlisted in Company B, Seventh Indiana Cavalry,
and served until the close of the war, and was mustered out under the general

at Ridgeville College, also at Ann Arbor, Mich., Law School, and is now prac-
ticing law at Long Prairie, Minn. He has been engaged in some very important
apeak of him in the highest terms as a lawyer

sr of tl

ANDREW J. WOOD, grocer, Ridgeville, was born at Ridgeville, Randolph
Co., Ind., September 12, 1842. His father, Samuel Wood, was born in Vir-
ginia, and hia mother, Elizabeth, in New Jersey. They came to Randolph
County, Ind., about the year 1830, where the father died in 1846. .Mr. Wood
enlisted in the Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, July 15, 1861, and re-enlisted in
1864, serving as Second Duty Sergeant. He participated in the battles of
Gainesville, the second Bull Run, South Mountain, Fredericksburg, Antietam,
Fitzhugh'a, Gettysburg, Chancelloraville, Mine Run, Spottsylvania, the Wilder-
ness, Laurel Hill, and minor engagements. He was wounded in the hip, while
bearing the flag of his regiment. He has saved a portion of the flag, as well
as the ball that pierced him. The flag was literally torn into shreds by the
etorm of bullets. Hia ancestors were soldiers, his father having served in the
war of 1812, and his grandfather in the war of the Revolution. He was
wounded at the battle of Bunker Hill. Mr. Wood was reared on a farm, but
since the war has been in the grocery trade at Ridgeville. He has built up a
good trade, and by industry has accumulated a comfortable share of this
world's goods. He woa married, July 25, 1867, to Rebecca Finch, a native of
Ohio. Her parents were natives of the same State. Mr. Wood and wife are
the parents of six children, viz.: Maud, Rex, Lenna, Alonzo, Annie, ond one
who died in infancy. .Mr. Wood was made a Master Moson in 1864. He was
Marshal of the town of Ridgeville for three years, and has held other positions
of honor and trust. He recently spent three months on a hunting excursion
in Montana, Dakota ami Wyoming. During the war, a minie ball struck hie
cartridge-box, exploding sixty rounds of ammunition.

JOHN W. SEANEV, merchant, Uidgeville, was born in Wayne County,
Ind., August 5, 1843. His father, Owen Seaney, was born in North Carolina,
and came to Wayne County, Ind., at an early day; he married Martha Grimes,
a native of the latter county. Both died in that county, the mother in June,
1846, and the father on the 17th of March, 1871. John W. Seaney came to
Randolph County, Ind., and was married to Rosannoh Starbuck December 5,
1866. Her father, Robert Starbuck, was a native of North Carolina, and her
mother, whose maiden name was Hannah Addleman, was a native of Chester
County, Penn. Her mother died April 8, 1870. Mr. Seaney and wife are the
parents of five children, viz. : Erminnie, Oran E., Bertha E., Ina Ethel, Erma
E., and of this number the eldest, Erminnie, is deceased. Mr. Seaney was
reared on a farm ; he taught school five years, then, in 1860, began the dry
goods trade, as the successor of E. T. Bailey ; he was also ia the grocery trade
for a time ; he is now a member of the dry goods firm of Kitselman, Seaney &
Co., who carry the largest stock of dry goods and ready-made clothing in Ridge-
ville. In 1870, Mr. Seaney was elected Trustee of Franklin Township, and
served four terms consecutively. He haa a good residence on the corner of
Portland and Second streets, and is comfortably situated. His wife was born
February 20, 1842. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and
an estimable lady.

ANDERSON SLUSHER, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Wayne
County, Ind., September 15, 1842 ; his parents, George and Sarah Slusher, are
both natives of Virginia. They came to Randolph County in 1844, and now re-
side in Franklin Township. Mr. Slusher served the Union cause as a member
of the Thirty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Regiment, and participated in the battles
of Stone River and Chickanmuga. In the latter engagement, he was shot through
the face, and was honorably discharged in consequence of his wound; he was
married, in June, 1865, to Eliza Ann Silvers ; her father, George Deboyd, was
bom in Virginia, and her mother, Millie Waters, in Kentucky. Mr. Slusher
and wife are the parents of six cliildren, viz. : Annettie, Lucy, Alice, Nora,
Arlie and Ella. Mr. .Slusher has 112 acres of fine land in Section 21, and is a
successful farmer.

JOHN E. SMITHSON, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Randolph
County, Ind., May 15, 1830; his father, George W. Smithson, was born in
Virginia ; his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Thornburg, was born
in North Carolina. They came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1824, and settled
in Stony Creek Township ; his father wius the second Justice of the Peace elect-
ed in that township ; he was elected to this office in 1827, and re-elected in
1832 ; he was subsequently the candidate of the Abolition party for the office
of Commissioner, but his parly being in the minority, he was defeated. Ho
was President of a society for the promulgation of the doctrines of Abolition.
Grandfather Smithson was a Revolutionary soldier. The subject of this bio-
graphy enjoyed a common-school education ; he was reared a farmer, and has
followed that occupation in connection with stock-raising all his life ; he was
married, March 14, 1860, to Caroline Beck. They are the parents of ten chil-
dren, viz. : Eliza Jane, Elvin L., George M., William H., KelUe S., Sater,

HISTO'RY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Charlea W., John M., Finley S. and Ira E., all of whom ar'i now liying. Mrs.

Maryland. Mr. Smithson and wife are both members 'of the Christian Church,
an.l Mr. Smithson is a member of the .Masonic frater-aity ; he has 139 acres of
line laud adjoining the farm of his father, in Seoti'on 15.

ISAAC N. STRATTON', merchant, Hidgeville, was born in Jay County,
Ind., February 12, 1839. His father was barn in rennsylvauia. His mother
WM born in West Virginia, but was reared in Ohio. They moved to Jay County,
tnd, in 1837. His mother died in tb.-at county in 1857. His father still re-
sides iliere, and at the age of ei^ghly years is still hale and hearty. Mr.
Straiten enjoyed acommon-sch(M)l education, and afterward taught school. He
followed the occupation of fa-Tming in early life, and up to the outbreak of the
late rebellion, but has »ince been otherwise engaged. He enlisted in the
Tliirty-ninth Indiano- Volunteer Infantry, in July, 1801. Subsequently his
regiment was supvlied with horses, and servsd as mounted infantry. They
" vetcranizivi" in 18B4, and were known as the Eighth Cavalry. Mr. Stratton
participated in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, Stony Creek, Chickamauga,
\\ie b.itlles around Chattanooga, and the entire series of battles from Atlanta
In the surrender of Johnston, He was commissioned Lieutenant in 1862, and
assigned to Company C. He was promoted to the office of Captain in 18H4,
taking command of Company I, and was mustered out in 1865. At the battle
of Pittsburg Landing, he was wounded in the shoulder. Sinoethe close of the
war, he has been engaged chiefly in mercantile pursuits, and is now in the gro-
cery trade at Hidgeville. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and
I. 0.0. F., and .stands high in the communitv. On the Hth of February,
1867, he was married to Emma F. Hiatt. Her father, William Hiatt, wa.s
born in Randolph County, Ind., June 24, 1822. Her mother's maiden name
was .Malintance E. Ward. Both her parents are now deceased. Her father
dieil in 1862, and her mother in 1868. Capt. Stratton and wife have live
children living, viz. : Nellie G., Alice C, Melvin B., Ruth W. and Edith M.

ItOBKllT H. SUMPTION, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, wa« born in Darke
County, Ohio, October 30, 1817. His father, Cliarles L., moved to Randolph
County in 1835. His mother, .Mary Embree, was born in Tennessee and died
in Franklin Township, Randolph County, in 1839. Ilia father died in 1851.
The latter was Captain of a company in the war of 1812, and served under
Gen. Harrison during the entire war. Mr. Sumption was married on the 23d of
April, 1845, to Berilla Ward, who was born in Randolph County, Ind., January
25, 1825. Her father, Joab Ward, was born in North Carolina and came to
ll.iudolph County, Ind., in 1819. Her mother. Amy Ward, was also a
native of North Carolina. Mr. Sumption and wife have three children living,
viz. : Josephine, David W. and Albert O., and one, William, deceilscd. Their
children are all at present residing in the Slate of Nebraska, the sons being
agents on the Union Pacific Railroad, while the daughter, Joserihinc, is teach-
in'.; .school at Madi.son, in that State. She was erected precbtiltess in Iho
female det)aitment of Ridgeville College for 1881, having graduated at that in-
.stituiion with the highest honors. She stood at the hfead of het- classes and
had no superior in the school. Mr. Sumption and wife, as well as two of their

childre;

ten yea

a Not.

Will Baptist Church. He has been Post-
I'ublic for eight years. He is Treasurer of
■ of the College Financial Committee, and
lias a good private residence and two busi-
mber of town lots. D. W. died April 16,
Mr. Al Tyrrcl, a banker of Madison, Neb.,

the college at Ridgeville,
one of the College Trus'
ness houses at Ridgeville
1882; Josephine was m
Octobers, 1881.

JOAB WARD, Ja., farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born in Franklin Town-
ship, lUndolph County, Ind., .May 14. 1840. His father, Joab Ward, was born
in North Carolina, and his mother, whose maiden name was Amy Gi-aves, was
born in Ohio. Both parents are now deceased. His father came to Randolph
County, Ind., in 1819, and died November 5, 1874, at theageofeighty-fouryears.
His mother died in 1864, aged sixty-six years. Mr. Ward was married, April
26, 1866, to Ann Webb, who died July 6, 1875. There were four children by
this marriage, two of whom, Delia and Grant, are now living. On the 20th of
November, 1879, Mr. Ward was wedded to Ruth Resnr, his present companion.
They have one son, Kit Carson. Mrs. Mary Ward is the daughter of Cyrus
and Mary (West) Resur, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of
Ohio. She is a member of the United Brethren Church. Mr. Ward is a mem-
ber of the M. E. Church, a Republican in politics and a good citizen. He has a
good farm of 146 acres in Section 13. IILs brother, David, served in the Union
army for three years. He was a member of the Sixty-ninth Indiana Regi-
ment, and was appointed HoBpilal Steward. After the war, he practiced
medicine. He died January 20, 1874.

GEORGE W. WESLER,farmerand proprietor of saw-mill, P. 0, Ridgeville,
was born in Wayne County. Ind., August 26, 1847. His father, Thomas
Wesler, was born in Chester County, Penn., April 12, 1799. His mother,
Susanna (Conkle) Wesler, was born in the city of Philadelphia. She died in
September, 1879, from the effects of injuries sustained by being thrown from a
buggy. His grandfather, Conkle, was a Captain in the American .Navy during
the Revolution. He was captured by the British and held a prisoner until the
close of the w.ar. His great-grandfather was also a Revolutionary soldier, and
was at the attack on Quebec. The elder Wesler, father of George W., settled
in Wayne County, Ind., in 1834. The subject of this sketch enlisted, in 1864,
in the One Hundred and Thirty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteers, and
served five months. On the 23d of April, 1868, he was married to Miss Emily
Henley. They have two children, Lizzie F. and Harry. Mrs. Wesler was
bofn in Wayne County, Ind., September 8, 1850. Her father was a native of
the same county. Her mother, Lucy A. Meridith before marriage, was born
in North Carolina. Both her parents are now living at Richmond. Ind. Mr.
Wesler engaged in the nur.suit of farming, and was also a partner in the saw-
mill tir.ii of Wesler & liorncs, at .Stone Station. He was an energetic man,
and had made life a success. Ills Wife is a member of the Society of Friends.
On the 3d dhy nf .March, 1882, Mr. Wester was instantly killed while getting
ready to begin work iti his saw-mill by an explosion of the boiler in the mill
which destroyed the bijililing and the machinery ; three other men (employes

WARD TOWNBHlt.

As lit prospnt constituted, it embiaces Township 21 north,
Ksingo 1 4 o,i.st of the Soconl Princi jial Meridian, comprising a fiill
township of thirty -six sections, equal to 23,040 acres. It lies
wholly iu'tho Missiswinowa Valley. That river passes through
the ttwn.'^hip in a direction neai-Jy west and toward the north side
of tlio township, the larfjor portion being south of the river.
i\[assey's, Hickoiy auil Mud Creeks, from the sottth, and (roshen
'■ Tk, from the north, How through the township to the Mi

noi-thoru tier in the
the north io the Jay County line. The surface
;tt.lv rolling, Netir the river the land is soni
♦luH- tiiward llio head of the stretuns, it becoi
fluiiigh less inclined to bo niiU'.shy than if nea

■ tv, extending on
level. -rmoder.
vvhat hilly; far
^s rather level,
>r the " divide "'

Oiigiuiilly, like the county in general, tho earth was covered
Avith ii thick and heavy forest of many kinds of trees, tho weight
and buideii ul' which sixty years of wearisome labor, perf(jiiued
by Iwoor thiee generations of hardy yeomaniy, have scarcely
been tiblo to retnnve. Indeed, ranch still remains, greatly more,
in fact, th.-in the farm needs of the county rot^uire. To get rid
of the timber h;is, in days gone by, been a fearful task;
it t'lsk, too, till within a few yeat-s, well-nigh useless, except that
it was taken nut of tht! way. Tho labor of clearing the j,pound
!uid of fencing the lields, is greater by far than would readily be

supposed, and the amount of work of that kind that the farmers
of Randolph County have ficcomplished since first the white
man's as became a factor in the human problem in this region,
is past all belief. Tho ringing ax, the crashing branches, tho
thundering trunk, the resounding maul, tho cracking of the
tt>;unster'8 whip, all the vai'it)us noises of a woodman's life, have
for ages past been tlie music of the clearing. It is tnie, indeed,
that now, when the timber is noiirly gone, a mai'kot begins to
spring up. The increasing needs of civilization in town and in
country, the numberless uses of material of wood, the growing
scarcity of forest trees throughout the country — all these con-
sjiire to create a larger demand for the timber product. Not
twenty years ago, the sttitely walnut trees abounding throughout
tho woods w(>re reckoned no more than oak or ash, and men em-
ployetl that wood for usw of an ordinary kind. Btit now tho
highly incre;isc»l jirice hits swept tho walnut almost wholly from
among us, and ash is rapidly t.tking its place. Even the elm,
that tree in olden tituo so utterly worthles.s, too mean to burn itself
up, has lately come to be a marketable commodity, and farmers
get more for the elms themselves than no long time ago the
choicest woods could command.

The growth of tho manufactiu-es of the couoty, and that of
the towns, hirgo and small among ns, and everywhere, tho pike
roads for convenient hauling, the railroads for general market-
ing, conspire to make the smtill remnant of the timber product

lAt^

loy^^C

TVARD

m.

Mrs Alex Vorhis.

•I' .j^m^-~^m

fe''^'''

aliiliiiMi

Hr_sii..u-ir/: rn ALEXVORHIS. Ka^uvji ph Ward Tp. Randolph Co. Ind.

WARD TOWNSHIP.

415

which is yet in existence, worth indefinitbly more than the whole
vast body thnt sixty years ago hid the BUrface in everlasting
shadow. The forest is molting away, and the tilled and fertile
fields have been, through all these years, slowly and painfully,
but with the certainty of fate, taking its place. The cabin has
given way to the hewed-log house, and that again to the tasteful
and neat fi-ame dwelling, or even the palaoe-like brick or stone
mansion. The scrub cattle roaming through the woods are be-
hold no more, but the well fenced pastures are adorned with the
splendid blooded stock, the product of age.s of improvement;
the " elm peelers, " those marvels of voracity and fleetness, that
I'onkl gnaw the bark off the trees and could outrun a dog — oh!
wherh are they? and echo answers, Where?

In all these changes for the better. Ward Township has en-
joyed a reasonable share. Her farms are cleared, her dwellings
have ai-isen, tasteful and sightly, through all her borders; her
barns receive with joy the overflowing products of her soil ; her
orchards and her gi-ain fields and her meadows gladden the eyes,
and enrich the pockets as well, of her skillful and prosperous
farmers. But not of this latter state, but rathoi- of the rude bo-
ginning of things do we purpose to speak.

A few settlers found their way upon the Mississinowa very
early in the history of the county.' When, in August, 1818, the
first election was held in the then new county of Randolph, sev-
eral families resided in the Mississinewa Valley, and most of
them east of Deerfield. Just who were there at that early time
cannot now with certainty be determined. The Ih-st entry in the
Mississinowa Valley and in Ward Township as well, appears to
have been near the river, and not far fi-om the east side of the,
township. It comprised a whole section, Section 13, Town 21, ■
Range l-f-. and was entered by .Tames Strain. The tract lies be-
tvteen Judge Miller's old farm and the Mississinewa. Whether
Mr. S. settled on the tract is not now known. We have not met his
name in any account of the primitive settlement of the valley.

The next entry was by Daniel Rifhardson, S. W. Section 12,
Town 21 . Range 14, May 21, 1817. The land lay directly north of
Strain's section, and on both sides of the river. June 10, 1817,
or three weeks after Ricliardsons entry, eight other entries were
made, all quarter sections but one, 1,360 acres in all. The par-
ties wore James Wilson, Benjamin Lewallyti, David Kite, Daniel
Kite, James and John Jacobs, Joel Oanady, James Reed. These
tracts all lay in Sections 7, 8, 9 iind 10, Township 21, Range 14,
comprising one-quarter of Section 7, throe-quarters of Section
8, one half of Section 9 and three eighties in Section 10. These
lands extended from Burkett Pierce's, on the west, to one and one
half miles oast of Deerfield, three miles in length, but did not
include the town itself. AVith Meshach Lewallyn's and James
Strain's, the whole extent of the river for seven miles had been
takcu up, except one and thi-ee-f ourths uiiles in two " gaps." In
the course of three years, or by October, 1820, most of the rest of
the land on and near tlii^ river and several tracts along Mud and
Hickory and Goshc»n Creeks, had been pm-chased.

Martin Boots and Heniy Kizer bad located on Mud Creek,
the lattiu- far up near Stone Station. James and Tense Massey,
Allen Wall and others," had settled on the river east of Deerfield.
Robert Taylor was on the creek whicli comes from the north to
the Mississinewa, at the Kitenour Church.

Samuel Cain, Jeremiah Lindsay. Jacob Weaver and William
•hicksou had entered laud on Hiclcorv Creek, south of Deerfield.
.James Jacobs had entered the Ritenom- land. Josejjh Hinshaw
entered the laud embracing th(< west part of Deerfield, June 23,
1S17. The east part was in Section IG and therefore school
laud.

But though the Mississinewa Valley was nearly all occupied
within three or four years, or by the close of 1 820, yet the growth
of the region was exceedingly slow. The valley was isolated.
The settlors could scarcely get out in any direction. They were
away from any gi-eut mute of travel. One of the chief western
thoroughfares passed through W iuchester, and connected the
central jiortion and tlie A\ hite River Vallev with the world at
large. But not so with the Mississinewa. "The regions north

did not^open till 1835 to 1837, and- then only was the whole
county occupied, and the world " swallowed them up " with set-
tlements on every side. Deerfield sprang up and for many years
became an important trade center. jThe swamps between Win-
chester and Deerfield stood almost as an impassable barrier until
a late period. As late as l^iiU, there was a " corduroy bridge "
on that northern road, one and one-fourth miles long. Imagine
the road then, thirty or forty years before that time. But the
forests have been cleared, and the .swamps drained and the north-
ern " pike " has been built, and Ward Township has gained full
connection with the rest of the world.

Through the whole codnty, and in Ward Township as well,
religion found early and effective entrance. As soon, perhaps,
?is 1823 or 1824, may be bven before that, the " circuit riders "
had ridden through swamps and crossed those creeks and found
and fed those sheep in the wilderness. Meetings were had at
Riley Marshallls, Allen Wall's and elsewhere east of Deerfield,
and at some friendly dwelling west, perhaps at Mr. Ritenour's.
But very early Ritenour'a Meeting House was built and that
graVeyard established, and not long afterward, the old Prospect
Meeting House was erected, and that second cemetery also dedi-
cated to the memory of the dead ones dear. Two generations
have come and gone, and those now ancient meeting houses have
completed their work and fulfilled their mission. How many,
many times have their sacred walls echoed the sound of the Gos-
pel message as it fell upon the eager ears of the scores or even
hundreds of anxious listeners gathered from their simple forest
homes to take piirt in the holy service, and feed their longing souls
with heavenly manua. But the cemeteries remain open, in those
solemn inclosmes, as of old, and often, alas! does the ground re-
ceive the dead from sight. Slowly, too, O how slowly, did the de-
lights of knowledge and the means of instruction find their way
among those ))eoplo so far, so far away from their fellow-men.
Still, schools were found even there. The log cabin, the huge stick
chimney, the greased paper lights, the split pole seats, the punch-
eon floors, the slab writing tlesks against the wall, were prepared
by these forest dwellers, and not a few who have since " made their
mark " among men had their "start" in the wooden schctolhouses
of Ward Towrship. Hon. Thomas Ward, Hon. Enos L. Wat-
son, Thomas Kizer, Esq., Col. Martin B. Miller; and more be-
sides, emerged from those dim forest shades into the brighter
simshine of the C(mnty seat, or elsewhere. Mr. Ward Bays that
ho never attended any school in his life, except those taught in
a greased paper log cabin.

But enough; we can no longer dwell upon the history in do-
tail of Ward Township. Much that is of interest concerning its
affairs will be found in the treatment of the topics which are
considered in connection with the county at largo. The entries
of land in the early time, as they appear in the office of the
County Auditor, are given below:

Ward Entries— James Strain, Section 13, 21, 14, October
10, 1810; Daniel Richardson, S. W. 12, 21, 14, May 21, 1817;
James AVillson, N. W. 10, 21, 14, June 10, 1817; James Will-
son, AV. S. W. 10, 21, 14, June 10. 1817: Benjamin Lewallyn,
S. E, 7, 21. 14, June 10, 1817; David Kite, N. E. 8, 21. 14,
Jnne 1(\'.-1817: D.:iniel Kite, S. E. 8, 21, 14, June 10, 1817;
James and John Jacobs, S. W. 8, 21, 14. June 10, 1817; Joel
Canady, N. E, «, 21, 14, June 10, 1817; James Reed; Jacob
Graves, S. AV. 7, 21, 14. June 19, 1817; James Reed, S. AV. 9,
21, 14, June 10, 1817: David Connor, N. AV. 9, 21, 14, July 4,
1817: Joseph Hinshaw, N. E. 17. 20. 14. June 23, 1817; James
Jacobs. N. E. IS. 21. II. July 18, 1817; John S. Reed, E. N. W.
17, 21. 14. August 28, 1817; James Massey, W. S. AV., 11. 21,
14, January 2(), 1818; Tence Ma.ssey, E. S. E. 10, 21, 14. Jan-
uarv 20, 1818; Robert Taylor, N. AV. 8, 21, 14, March 23, 1818;
Richard Bee.>on. N E. 21. 21, J4, October 5, 1818; Samuel Cain,
E. S. AV. 21, 21, 14, October 20, 1818; James Massey. N. W. 24,
21. 14, November 5. 1818; Joseph Cravens, E. N. E. 14, 21. 14.
May 11, 1819; William Jackson, S. E. 21, 21, 14. October 2,1819;
Eli Blount, AV. S. E. 12. 21, 14, October 12, 1819; John Halt, E.
i N. AV, 28, 21, 14. November 18, 1819; Jeremiah Lindsey. AV.
I S. AV. 28. 21, 14, November 20, 1819; Jacob AVeaver, N. E. 28,
21, 14, December 8. 1819; Martin Boots, E. N. E. 20, 21, 14,

416

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

March 28, 1820; Heury Kizer, N. W. 29, 21, 14, October 21,
1820; Henry Kizer, N. E. 31, 21, 14, October 21, 1820; Henry
Kizer, E. S. E. 30, 21, 14, May 4, 1822; William SimmonH, N.
E. S. E. 12, 21, 14, June 17, 1826; Samuel Helm, N. W. S. E.,
24, 21, 14, '•June 17, 1826; Samuel Hodges, S. E. S. AV. 5, 21,

14, October 17, 1820; James G. Birney, E. S. E. 29, 21, 14, No-
vember 2, 1826; John Baugh, S. E. S. E. 12, 21, 14, December

15, 1826; Israel Taylor, N. E. N. W. 14, 21, 14, May 21, 1828;
Biirgett Pierce, E. N. E., 7, 21, 14, April 5, 1832; Daniel B.
Miller, E. N. E., 23. 21, 14, July 15, 1831, Perry Fields (part
of) 16, 21, 14, May 31, 1834; Andrew Key, N. E. S. E. 14, 21,
14, January 30, 1836.

Ward is bounded north by Jay County, east by Jackson,
south by White lliver, west by Franklin. Ward Township was
entered mostly between 1836 and 1838 inclusive, during which
time an immense amoimt of land was purchased in Randolph
County of the United States, and great numbers of families took
up their abode within its limits. Among the chief settlers on
the Mississinewa may bo named Burkett Pierce, Joab Ward, Elias
Kizer, Daniel B. Miller, William Simmons, Messrs. Ritenour,
Parsons, Cain and others not now in memor}'.

Mr. Parsons built the first mill on the Mississinewa after
Lewallyn's at Ridgoville. That mill stood some years; was
washed away, and Mr. Ritenour built another, lUO yards lower
down.

Joab Ward's house was the scene of the encounter of the
Indians with Ward and Kizer, and the shooting of Fleming in
the bushes by Je.sse and John dray was near liy. David Con-
nor's trading house was abovw Doorfield, and the Mississinewa
Valley witnessed many early trials and perils springing from the
whisky so freely dealt by the traders of those times to those j)oor
natives of the forest wilds. But those were days of ignorance.
The children of many of the whisky -sellers of pioneer times are
among the most sturdy advocates of total abstinence of the pres-
ent day. Lot our motto be, "Out of the darkness, into the light. "
Rather than widely parade in unseemly prominence any of the
evil traits in the charact^Ars of the ancestral dwellers, it were bet-
ter to follow the primal example of filial affection, and, like the
children of Noah of old, taking a garment upon the shoulders of
two, with mingled feelings of reverence and sorrow, lovingly to
shield the unsightly failings from public gaze, and, in the full
noontide radiance of this latter day, walk ever forward toward
the light, onward and upward, ever into the light, honoring our
fathers for their heroism, copying filially their virtues, shunning
their failings, that our pathway may be like " the jiath of the
just, shining more andmoreunto the perfect day."

Three old routes of travel passed through Ward Township —
from Winchester to Ridgoville, from Winchester to Portland via
Deerlield, and from Greenville northwest through Doerfield,
Ridgeville and Fairview.

'Two railroads pass through the township now — the Pan-Han-
dle and the "Shoo- Fly," or, more strictly, the P., C. & St. L.,
and the Richmond & Grand Rapids Railroads. Three stations
are in the township — Saratoga and Randolph, ujwn the P., C.
& St. L. ; and Stxjne Station, upon the Richmond & Grand Rap-
ids Railroad. They are but small towns. The larger towns
adjacent —Union City, Winchester, Ridgeville, Farmland — sap
their vitality and prevent their growth.

One principal p'ke, theone extending north toward Portland,
has been in existence for several years, and it ia of pricelesB val-
ue to those low and level regions, erewhilo wellnigh impassa-
ble. The smooth and gravelly surface, the solid highway, is
widely in contrast to the " corduroy " that used to stretch its
rough and weary length for miles and miles at intervals toward
the northeJ'u regions — northward, constantly northward, further
and still farther, across swamps, through jungles, over creeks
and rivers, through bottomless morasses, into the gloomy, over-
shadowing forests, those rude paths, those primitive roads — they i
could not be called highways — would unroll their endless extent. |
And now those awful " corduroys. " which used to jerk and shake
and pound and rutilo, with their endless " jwunce " and " bounce,"

by sunlight and starlight, in rain or in shine, come winter come
summer, do that fearful work no more forever!
I V Other pikes also are in process of construction — one east and
west through Stone Station, through Saratoga east and west, and
perhaps others still.

Township 21, Range 14— Section 1, 3, 19, 1830-37; Sec-
tion 2, 22, 1837; Section 4, 15, 1830; Section 5, 25, 1832-
37; Section 6, 27, 1837-38; Section 7, 9, 17, 1817-36, Benjamin
Lewallyn, Joel Canady, Joseph Hinshaw; Section 8, 1817-18,
Jacobs, Kite, June 10, 1817; Sections 10, 12. 18, 1817-37,
James Wilson, D. & J. Richardson, James Jacobs; Section 11,
23, 1831-37; Section 13, 1816, James Strain, October 16, 1816,
first entry in township (whole section at once); Section 14, 1819
-38, Josej.h Cravens; Section 16, school land; Sections 20, 29,
1820-37, Martin Boots. Elias Kizer; Section 21. 1818-36, Rich-
ard Boeson, October 5, 1818; Section 24, 1818-37, James Mas-
sey, November 5, 1818; Section 28, 1819-30. John Hall, Novem-
ber 18, 1819; Section 30, 1822-38, Henry Kizer, May 4, 1822;
Section 31, 1820-38; Sections 20, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36, 1836-38.
Ward WM entered between 1816 and 1838, in<ilusive.

TOWNS.

Deerlield— Location, Sections 16 and 17, 21, 14, south side
of Mississinewa River; Curtis & Butler, proprietors; twonty-
nine lots; streets, north and sonth. Meridian; east and west.
Sycamore, Main, Hickory. Recorded October 14, 1833.

Lank's Addition (east of old town) — S. D. Woodworth, sur-
veyor; twenty-six lots. Recorded October 10, 1837.

Edger & Searl's Addition— E. Edger and SeArl, pro-
prietors; twenty-eight lots. Recorded June 3, 1852. Winches-
ter, seven and a half miles; Union City, ten and a half miles;
Randolph, one mile; Farmland, fourteen miles; Stone Station,
foui" miles; Ridgeville, three miles ; Fairview, twelve miles;
Portland (Jay County), ten miles.

The village was laid out in 1833, by Messrs. Curtis & But-
ler, and surveyed by D. W. McNeil, of Portland. The town is lo-
cated north of Winchester, on the State road laid out from
(ireenville west, and running by Fairview into Delaware Coun-
ty. A pike connects the place with Winchester. The "Pan-
Handle " (P., C. & St. L.) Railroad is within about a mile south
of the iovm. The village grew at one time to be of considerable
size, and was in early days the center of a large and prosperous
trade, the best time in that respect being from 1845 to 1855. The
principal business men of the place during or before that time wore
Messrs. Butler, Searl, Edger, Whipple and others. Much travel
passed northwa.d and westward upon the roads crossing each
other at that place, although those highways, especially from
Winchester north, were often wellnigh impassable, notably in the
winter and spring. Much grain and stock changed hands there;
many goods were sold; a woolen factory, a grist-mill, etc., were
built, and altogether, that town became a lively place.

But the era of railroads in this region began, and drew the
current of business elsewhere. Especially since tlie Union &
Logansport and the It. & G. R. R. R.'s have been made has the
to\vn rapidly declined. There is now very little business.
There is one small store; the wool factory has been burned;
no grain, etc., is bought or handled, and trade is wellnigh ex-
tinct. The grist-mill still prospers, though its custom has fal-
len off. At one time it had a great run of business, people com-
ing from Wabash. Centerville, Greenville, etc. 'There were
other mills, but the Deerlield Mill had a great reputation, and
drew much custom from an extensive region. A large number
of business men have been at the town during its existence.
Merchants : Edward Edger, Kearl, U. Pierce, Fitzpatrick,
George AVilt, Robert Watson. John CoUett, David T. Holly,
William Drew, Sam Clevinger, Daniel Pierce.

Hotels Messrs. Thomas Butler, Searl, Mock, Voris, Wall,
Pierce, Collett, Whipple, etc.

Physicians — Messrs. Longshore, McAfee, Banks, Washburn,
Snow, Hearn, Smith, Hall, Bosworth, Lambert, Purcell, Bal-
lard, Clevinger, etc.

Mr. Ritenour built a water grist-mill on Mississinewa River

WARD TOWNSHIP.

in early times, which was bought by Jason Whipple in 1847,
and mn by him till 1S55. Jason Whipple built a now stoam-
mill in 1855, still in operation. A woolen factory was here for
many years, owned at different times by Robert Miu-ruy and Deh-
nis Hess, etc. It was twice burned, and the last time (1875) was
not rebuilt. There was at one time a tannery and an ash factory.

There are at present one .small store, one grist-mill, one smith
shop, one church (Methodist), one schoolhonse, one post office,
one toll gate, one saw-mill (near by). A new station (Kandolph)
lias grown up where the pike cro.saes the Pan-Handle Railroad,
mo mile south of Doerfield.

The principal citizens of Doerfield and vicinity are Ja-
Hon Whipple, Willis AVhipple, Daniel Pierce, Benjamin Clovinger,
Dr. Purcell, Burgott Pierce, William 0. King, John Clapp,
Quincy Pierce, John Michael, John Sipe, David Harkor, Benja-
min Clevinger (e.ist of town), Robert Collins and others. There
is a thriving store a mile north of town, on the pike which crosses
the Mississinewa just north of the place.

At one time, Deerfield was t e only post office between AV'in-
chester and Fort Wayne. Deerfield contains thirty houses and
200 people.

Randolph— Location, on Pan-Handle Railroad, eleven miles
west of Union City, one mile south of (old) Deerfield, three miles
cast of Ridgevillo, at the point where the Deerfield & Winches-
ter Pike crosses that railroad, upon Sections 10, T7, "20 and 21,
21, 14. I. H. Fitzgerald, proprietor. Recorded May, 1S{)7;
seventy-four lots; size of lots, 44x125 feet; streets sixty feet
wide; Main and Line streets, eighty feet wide; alleys, twenty

Miller's Addition — Sylvester Miller, proprietor. Recorded
JulyS, 1874; twenty-four lots. The streets of the town are,
north and south. Diamond. Pearl, Plke; east and west. Miller,
Line, Main, South. The town lies on both sides of the railroad.

The groivth of the jilace has boon slow, and it is yet <}uite
small, being too near Ridgeville (a ]mat where two important
railroads cross each other) for extensive trade. Some business,
however, is done, and considerable grain and stock are handled.

There are as follows: Oue store, one smith shop, one ware-
house, one post office, one toll gate, one schoolhouso, one lodgo
F. & A. M., one lodge I, 0. O. F. Its chief citizens are Alex-
ander Voris, Enos Myers, Benjamin Hawthorne, Thbmas Adding-
lun, Darius Orr and others. The town contains tlboitt twenty
houses and one hundred jioople.

Saratoga — Location, Section 25, 21, li, oh Pah-tiandle Kail-
roa.1; iiftv-two lots*; J. C. Alinight, proprieU'. the streets are,
north and south, Barber l east aud west, Waskingtoli. Record-
ed August 10. 1875

[Note. — Saratoga has been a town ten or twelve years or
more than that.]

The town was begun under the name of Warren Station,
about 1807, when the Pau-Handle Railroad was built, though
the plat seems not to have been recorded till 18'/ 5. It grew up
immediately upon the completion of the Union & Logansport
Railroad, and has become tho center of some trade.

There are three stores— John & J. F. Warren fgrain-bviyers).
'Jyrus Bowsman. Jacob Lucas. The smith shops are Davis, Eli-
jah Frazier. There are two wagon sho|.s— William Davis. Philip
Devore; one saw-mill, J. St. JoJnis, corn-cracker: oue milliner
shop. Miss Bowsman; one |K)st office, Cyras Bowsman; one hotel,
'JvTus Bowsman; one schoolhonse, two rooms; two churches —
United Brethren, frame, 1870; Methodist Episcopal, brick, 1877;
Iwu jihysicians —Messrs. Evans and Ford; three carpenters —
ilarrison Pogue, George Browse, Enos Cole; thirty houses. 150
■M-ople, one cemetery.

The town has some gnnvth, and does a fair business. It is
i-ven miles from Union City, four milrs from Randolph and
five miles from Doerfield.

Residents in vicinity not already named are John Warren, in
'own; Jamas Evans, southwest; Freeborn Charlton, west; Cyrus
Cbx, south; AVilliam Gaylor, southwest; Elisha Lawler, west;
foseph Lawler, north; V. R. Warren, north; Elihu AVarren.
lorth; Mrs. Lawler, west; N. Bowsman, north; G"orgo Limbard.
Morthwest.

Stone Station (Clark Post Office) — Small unincorporated town
and station on Richmond & Grand Rapids Railroad, on Sections
80 and 31, 21, 14. four miles from AVinchester and four miles
from Ridgeville.

It is not a laid out town, but a small station on tho Rich-
mond & Fort Wayne Railroad, started about the time of the
completion of that road, 1870. The place is small, with but lit-
tie business.

There is one little store, kept by Thomas H. Johnson. Thefe
is a post office, Thomas ti. Johnson; also one grain-buyer, Thom-
as H. Johnson. There is a sawmill owned and run by Barnes
& Clark. The place contains five or six houses. One stock-
buyer lives near — George AVesler. He buys stock extensively,
and Mr. Johnson handles a fair amount of graiu. One pike has
been built, passing east and west through the place, intending to
connect the pike running north from Farmland with tho
AA''inchester & Deerfield pike. There seems no reason why Stone
Station should not become a thriving little country center, suit-
able for a quiet village residence, near the railway but away
from the bustle of a crowded town. A Free-Will Baptist societj-
was formed in the vicinity in 1880-81, the meetings being held
in Clark's Schoolhouse, one-half mile from the station. A
church is soon to be built.

A fearful casualty occurred at the place in March, 1882.
The boiler of a steam saw-mil! exploded, killing several persons
outright, and wounding others.

Benjamin Clevinger was born in Pennsylvania in 1810, and
came to Randolph County. Ind., about 1850; married first in
Pennsylvania, bilt lost his wife there, and was married again, in
Randolph County, in 1851. His second wife was Sarah Ann
Smiley, who was born iu 18:J8, and whose parents moved to Ran-
dolph County the same year. Mr. Clevinger moved to Pennsyl-
vania after living awhile here, but he returned again and took
up his permanent abode where he now lives, two miles east of
Deerfield, on the Greenville State road. He has had only tliroe
children. He is a thriving farmer, owning about one hundred
and forty actes of land; a Democrat in politics, aud lias been
Township Trustee daring two terms — 1870-80. He is very care-
ful of the public funds. Some think a little freer use of money
would have beeil better economy in the long run. Mr. Clevinger
ia a respectable arid infiuStitial citizen.

- William Doty was born in Maryland. He came to Butler
dodnty, Ohio, and to Randolph County, lud., the latter removal
llavitg been made in 1828. He was the father of eleven chil-
dren, nine of whom are still living, aud soveli are married. Mr.
Doty was a farmer, residing just across the Mississinewa River
from Deerfield. He died about twenty years ago, and his wife
sixteen years ago. There were but few settlers in what is now
AVard Township when Mr. Doty came. The Masseys had come
and gone; the Kizors, Burgett Pierce, Mr. Ritenour, Daniel B.
Miller, Riley Marshall and a low others were living in tho woods
in that region. The town of Deerfield was not laid out (at least
not recorded) till five yeai-s afterward (1833). A few settlers
found their way to the Mississinewa very early, but the whole
region remained nearly a wilderness till after 1825.

Samuel Emory. Among the quaint personages of the pioneer
times of Randoljjh Co., Samuel Emery was conspicuous. We
regret that no detailed history of him has been obtained. He
was an oarly settler, among the first, and he died, a very old
man, only a short time ago, yet no one has been found who can
give a definite history of his life. Andrew Aker, in his " rem-
iniscences," furnishes a hint from which to draw a picture of
the odd, quaint, sturdy, brave, honest backwoodsman. Ho says,
iu substance: " There came to my store in AVinchester a strange,
uncouth-looking fellow, with a bundle of skins on his back. His
pants were buckskin, aud ripped up to the knee; the rim of his
straw hat was half torn off", his shoes were ragged and tied up
with hickory bark, and everything else iu proportion. He wished
to 'trade out' his roll of buckskins. He got several articles; we
reckoned up. aud found tho account nearly even. He then said,
'I wish to got some other things— powder, lead and flints; will

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

you trust me ? ' I asked Charles Conway. ' Oh, Sam Emery is
r11 right; ho is one of the substantial citizens out on the Missis-
sinf WH. ' So I 'trusted ' liim. and ho paid promptly. Ho traded
much with me afterward, dealing always fairly, like the honora-
ble man that ho was." But no other story of him is at hand,
and wo add no more. [Mrs. Evans, daughter of Alien AVall, who
sottlod on the river in ISl'.t, says that Samuel Emery came years
after hor father, probably in 182(5. Ho lived two miles north
and one milo oast of Deerfield, north of the river.]

Since writing the above, another incident has come to hand,
which is so odd that we cannot withhold it As to the truth of
I he talc wo can say nothing, for wo know nothing. A truthful
man told us, but how it came to him wo cannot tell.

Samuel Emery lost some money, and was considerably wor-
lied, for " money was money" in those times; besides, no one
likes to lose a thing by having it stolen, at any time.

Edward Edger, then at Doerlield, thinking perhaps he could
guess where the money had gone, since " boys will be boys," and
sometimes think they need more than their "pap" thinks they
do, advised Mr. Eraoiy to a certain course, which ho followed
faithfully. He took the Bil*lo and read a certain chapter five
nights in succession, and told his family that ho was doing it to
lind out who took his money, and that the one who iiad taken it
would die on the fifth night. The last night, as the old man
took down tho Bible for the fifth time and began to read, one of
the I)oys sang out. " Stop, dad; you might have a death in your
own family!" He stopped, and made no more inquiry for his
money (at least, not among the outside world). What transpired
between " dad " and tho boy. this deponent saith not, for a voiy
good reason^ — he does not know. The l>oy who is concerned may
be alive yet for all the author knows; if so. it is to bo hoped that
the whilom lad, be the story (tuo or not true, will not bo angry,
since tho crime, even if it wore so, was not a very heinous one;
and tho story was really too good not to be told, and because, in
so largo and di-y a work as a history has to be, some fun is, in
fact, a sihif qmi non (thing indispensable); since also, according
to tho old couplet.

"Alitt

n,I tl

Is relisUt'il liy

Some of the descendants of Mr. Emery ai'o living in the
region still.

Perry Fields lives east of Deerfield, on the old State road,
and is a prosperous farmer and land-oivnor. He was born in
North Carolina in 1802. His f.-ither moved to Tennessee in 1804.
i'erry Fields married Millie Bragg in 182(i, and in 1833 they
eiDigratod to Kiindolpli County, Ind. , settling in Wiird Town-
ship. He liought 100 acres in the school section, and, soon
after, forty acres more. Ho has kept on buying at various times
until he now owns 3(5j acres. They have had live children.
Three only are living, .-md they are married. Mr. Fields is a
Methodist and a Democrat. He is aged, but active and si)rightly
for his years. Mrs. Fields dieil very suddenly in the early winter
of J8S0 (not far from Christmas). She was found in the morning,
just before breakfast, sitting in her chair, entirely de;id. She
had been a member of the ilethodist Church for nearly sixty
years; in fact, ever since she was a young girl. She was an ac-
tive Christian, and is greatly missed from her circle of friends
and ac<iuaintances. Her remains lie buried in Fr ispect Come-
torv. and her aged, sorrowing companion is sadly, jiatiently
wuiting the final hour, when his bodv shall bo laid .solemnly and
quietly by the side of that of this iife-long bosom friend, and
whi^u his ransomed spirit shall go to meet her in the Paradise
of rest on high.

( Perry Fields died August. 1882. aged .-ighty years.]

Jesse Gray was born September 9. ITS'.), at Newberry, S. C.
His mother was a native of Lvland, and his father, havi'ng been
bmn in Maryland, fought through the war of the Kovolution,
and emigrated to Wayne County, Ind.. in 1810. Jesso Gray
married Sarah Stono in 1808, and in 1811, in comi)any with a
brother-in-law, thoy set out for Indiikna, the wives, children and
movables "being brotight upon horses equipped with pack-sad-
dles." They did not sleep under a roof upon the route, but,
finding some relatives in Knox County, Ky.. they stopped there.

doing this the moro willingly since the Indians north of the
Ohio llivor were hostile; tlie war with England was at hand,
and the Indians mostly sided with the British. At the first call
for voluntoers. Jesso Gray answered the call, and joined the first
company from that region. They wore placed under Gen. Har-
rison's command at Cincinnati, and served in Northwestern Ohio.
Returning from the war at its close, ho found a wife overjoyed
to see her husband once more, no word from him having reached
hei ears during his absence. They next moved to Wayne Coun-
ty, Ind., soon afterward to Butler County, Ohio, and in 1820,
according to his memory, thoy emigrated to the banks of the Mis-
sissinewa River, in Randolph County, where he spent the time
upon which, in his old ago ho looked back as his happiest years.
His life was, however, by no means quiet, but full rather of ad-
venture and romance. Deer-hunting, bear-killing, Indian-shoot-
ing and such like were but the events of his every-day career.
He roamed the forests far and wide, Wayne, Randolph and Jay
Counties, and we know not how much larger a scope of country,
were the scenes of his wild pranks and his narrow escapes.
Northern Randolph is full of verbal reminiscences of the old
hunter, but accurate details are nevertheless not e;isily obtained.
When Fleming, tho Indian, was killed at Lewallyn's by Jesse
Gray, and Smith, tho mulatto whom Fleming had wounded, Gray
was living on Mud Creek, near Elias Kizer's. On account of
tho trouble arising from that homicide, he left the county and
the State, and resided for several years near Hill Grove, Ohio.
Mr. Clapp, resident near Deerfield, saw him at Bridge's Mill,
bolow Greenville, in 1820. Tyro Puckett says that Jesse Gray
was indicted for the killing of Fleming, and that his father, Jo
seph Puckett. was one of tho grand jury that found the indict-
ment. William Warren says he was at Jesso Gray's house in
J 832, and that he resided then near Hill Grove, Darke Co., Ohio.
A lady resident near Deerfield says that her sister lived on old
Jesso Gray's j)lace five years, from about 1845 to 1859, and that
that was north of the Loblolly, near the line of Adams and
Wells Counties; that he was thou a very old man, with a niunber
of great-grandchildren, and great-great-gi-andchildi'on. [She
seems to be mistaken as to his great age at that time, since,
if he was born in 1789, he would be in 1859 only seventy
yeai-s of age.] His adventures were wild and romantic, and at
least one person has -written a life of the old pioneer, which,
however, remains in phonetic manuscript, having never been
published. The facts as to his early life before coming to
Randolph or its vicinity were obtained from the gentleman
who prepared tho manuscript refeiTod to, and who still [1881]
has it in possession. Judge Wharry, of Greenville, an old
man, and an almost life-long resident of that town, says that
Jesse Gray, as early as LS24, had killed the Lidian Flem-
ing, had fled from Randolph on account of it, and was living
near Hill Grove. He had a good farm there of 1(X) acres, but
was a famoiLs hunter. Judge Whan-y says he has bought great
([uantities of furs and deerskins from Jesse Gray while he dwelt
at Hill Grove, and also that .Mr. Gray must have moved away to
tho "Loblolly" about IStO. ]')arko County History mentions
Jesso Gray its s((ttling prtjbalily the first in Jackson Township, a
mile or two from Union City, Oliio, and not far from Hill Grove.
After residing for many years north of the Loblolly, ho is said
to have removed to Jay Count)-, in the region of Camden, and to
have died there some years ago. His father, John Gray, is
thought to have lived and died one milo north of Deerfield. hav-
ing had eleven children. Je.sse Gray himself was twice married,
and had a large family. His brother, Hezekiah, went to Texas,
and died th(u-e.

It is related of him in Darke County History that he used to
tell of himself that at ono time ho encountered an armed Indian.
Ho was armed also, and, being on equal footing, they, by mu-
tual agi-eement, fired oft their riflos and started for tho next
town. They came to a creek, and the Indian stooped down to
drink. Jesso said that bo left the Indian at the creek. What
was done with him was not told, but tho inference is that the old
hunter made way with the Indian.

David S. Harker was born in Glouceaier County, N. J., near
Woodstown, January 22, 1827. His paron emigrated to Ohio

WARD TOWNSHIP.

419

in 1830, crossing the mountainB in a wagon. He is the olcJost of
nine cbiidren — six boys and throe girls. His father was a
farmer, renting land in Butler and Warren Counties. Ohio.
D. S. Harker. when twenty. one years old, married a daugh-
ter of Cornelius Whitenack, near Poster's Crossing, Warren Co.,
Ohio. Like his worthy father, they were very poor. His father
gave him a cow and 'two pigs, and his mother gave him a bed;
and they began housekeeping in an old shanty that had long been
the resort of cattle, sheep and swine, having no chimney, win-
dows nor doors, and built of round logs, in the middle of an
open Held. His wife's parents were also from New Jersey.
They had a family of twelve children. The parents of both are
dead, except his wife's mother, who is eighty years old, having
100 grandchildren and many great-grandchildren. Five years
passed after ho was married before he owned a horse. That
time was spent in working by the day, mouth or job, cutting
cord-wood, carrying rock on Gov. Morrow's mill-dam, up to his
knees in wat«r, etc. , etc. He then piirchased a team and began
farming as a renter in Butler County, Ohio. In throe years, he
came to Ward Township, and pui-ehased land where ho now re-
sides, and whore he expects to spend the rest of his days. They
have had twelve children; ten are living —three sons and seven
daughters. Mr. Harker has been an active and earnest Method-
ist for more than thii-ty years, zealous for the church and for
education, temperance and every good cause. He is a firm be-
liever in the religion of the Bible, maintaining that Christ in-
stituted His church for the salvation of the world, aud that all
other organizations are only "side shows," good enough, perhaps,
in their place, but powerless to save the soula of men. Ho says:
" I believe that any man that preaches temperance and smokes
and chews tobacco a hypocrite, and also that any yoUng man who
will choose an honorable occupation and stick to it. with econo-
my, health and good habits, will certainly srtcceed."

Mr. Harker is an active, intelligent, estimable man, an honor
to the community and respected by all who know him. He is a
thoroiigh Republican, and present.-* a pleasiixg spectacle of suc-
cessful activity, being the owner of an excellent farm, with a
good and substantial dwelling, for the comfort of his swarming
family of ten living childrch.

Henry Kizer was born in Botetourt County, Va., in 1776;
came to Ross County, Ohio, and then to Randolph County, tnd.,
in 1S21. He had entered land in 1820, east of Stone Station, in
Ward Tdwnship. The log house which he built not long after
coming to the county is standing yet His wife was born in
1770, being six vears older than her husband. He died August
12, 1823, and his wife died the next day, August 13, 1823, both
in middle life. They wore earnest Methodists. Thomas
W. Kizer, in speaking of his grandmother, when looking at the
old family Bible, feelingly remarked: "There is not a word in
this old Book that Grandmother has not read over and over."
They had fom- childi-en, all sons-Elias, Henry, Adam, William.
Mr. and Mrs. K. are buried near Stone Station, in a private
graveyard. !

Andrew McCartney was born in Virginia or Tennessee, of j
Irish descent. He is said (how truly we do not know) to have
' 'oen the father of twenty-seven children; was in the war of the
rebellion, though old enough to have been exempt years before,
belonging to the Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment, and serving
from August 21, 1802, to February 27, 18(53.

Mr. McCartney is said to bo a jovial and eccentric old man,
and to have had a strange and eventful history, having resided
in many places, and been man-ied several times. His last mar-
riage was in Ward Township, to a lady who is the daughter of
Anch-ew Key, an early pioneer of the Mississinewa Region from
the State of Tennessee, and a sister of John Key, a prominent
'psident of that township.

Old Mr. Key and his wife are both dead, and Mr. McCartney
and his wife occupy the old Key homestead. Andrew Koj' and
his wife were both buried at Prospect Graveyard, but no tomb-
stones have been placed at their graves.

Mr. McCartney, true to his life-long adventurous instinct,
has left his last wife, who is said not to be gi-ieved above measure
:\t her l(]SB,and found for himself a residence in some other locality.

Daniel Mock was born in Rowan County, N. C, in 178-t,
coming afterward to Greene County, Ohio; he was in the war of
1812, receiving afterward a pension as a soldier. He became a
settler in Ward Towaship in 1S24, fixing his location on Clear
Creek, south of the present residence of John H. Sipe. Mr.
Mock had ten children, eight of whom were married, and are still
living. His first wife died forty-three years ago, and his second
wife eight years ago. Of the children, five reside in Indiana,
two in Minnesota and one in Illinois. Mr. Mock purchased lOO
acres, somewhat improved, and resided upon the tract until his
death, not many years ago, a very old man. Ho was a farmer
and a Democrat.

Jolin Mock, the son of Daniel Mock, settled east of Deerfiold,
on Clear Creek, being born in 1811, and coming there with his
father from Ohio in ]824. John Mock married Elizabeth Cain,
and also Miss Watson, a sister of Hon. E. L. Watson, of AVin
Chester, Ind. Mr. Mock had a large family; was a farmer and
a merchant of Deerfield, and a prominent citizen in Randolph
County. He was Justice of the Peace, and also Associate Judge
with Peter S. Miller during the term including the year 1818.
He emigrated West, and resides at Cambridge, Henry Co.,
Iowa, being a solid farmer of that region. He was in early
times a Whig, and in later days a Republican. His second wife
is still living. While residing in Randolph County, James G.
Birney, the noted Abolitionist, and the tii-st Liberty candidate
for President of the United States, came into that neighborhood
on business, and spent some time at his house, one result of
which was that Mr. Mock also became an Abolitionist, and an-
other result was that Mr, Birney became an extensive purchaser
of lands in Randolph County, which laud lay unoccupied, be-
longing to Mr. Birney' B estate and his heirs, for many years.
Mr. Mock was an active man in Randolph County, especially in
his eai-ly manhood, and was well versed in pioneer affairs; and
it is his delight now, in the evening of his bustling life, to dwell
in memory upon those stirring scones, and tell to listeningfriends
the tales of his younger years. We had hoped to obtain for in-
sertion in these columns an account of pioneer life and times
from his lively pen, and have not been disappointed. The state-
ment will be found in the " Reminiscences."

Amos Orcutt was born in 1825, in Darke Coimty, Ohio, com-
ing with his father to Randolph Count}-, lud.. in 1838. Ho
married, in 1848, Phoebe Ann Sutton, and lifts six children.
They are all living, and four are married. Ho resides two and
a half miles northwest of Deerfield, and is a farmer, owning lyO
acres or land. In politics, he Is a E^emocrat He is a thriving
citizen, and is prominent and respected.

Joseph Orcutt was born in 1705, in New York State ; came to
Rossvillo, Ohio, and to Darko County, Ohio, and, years after-
ward, to Ward Township, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1838. Ho en-
tered seventy-six acres of land. His wife was Christina Rarick,
sister of Philip Rarick, of Jay County, They were man-ied in
Darke County in 1820, and had eleven children. Ten of thom
grew up and were married, and nine are living now. His father
was a Revolutionary soldier, receiving a wound in that war. Jo-
seph Orcutt was a farmer, and also a to;icher. Ho belonged to
the Christian (New-Light) Church, and in politics was a Demo-
crat. He died in 1S48, only ten years after his emigration to
this county, and while the region ai-ound him was still new and
wild. His wife survived him twenty-four years, dying in 1872,
having l)eon left a widow with a large, dependent family.

Robert Parsons came of a distinguished stock in Tennessee.
Three of his brothers were prominent attorneys in the Southern
States, and ono of them died by the bm'sting of a blood vessel
while speaking on the stump as a candidate for Congress. Rob-
ert Parsons was born in 1775; removed in youth to Kentucky;
about 1810, to Wayne County, Ind.; and in 1828 or 1829, he
came to Deerfield, Randolph Co., Ind. Deerfield, however, was
not laid out till years afterward. Mr. Pai-sons settled half a
mile west of Deerfield, entered eighty acres of land, and built
the fii-st mill on the JNlississinowa after Lewallyn's mill at Ridge-
ville. It was a log building, with two run of stones, grinding
both corn and wheat. At first, flour was bolted by hand, but be.
fore long by water. The mill did a good business for those

420

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

times, and stood somo ten years. It vas tinally washed away,
and Mr. Eitt^nour erected another, 200 yards farther down the
river. That also has been gone for manj' years. Mr. Parsons
married Alary Johnson, of Tennessee, a relative of President An-
drew Johnson, and they had tAolvo children, only five of whom
grew up and were man-ied, and only one is now living, ^h: P. died
near Deertield about 1803. eighty-eight years old. His widow
died in Miami County, Ohio, aged eighty years. Mr. Parsons
was buried in Kitenour's Graveyard, west of Deertield. He was
a Democrat, voting, however, once for Henry Clay, with whom
he was well acquainted. Two brothers of Mr. Parsons wore
Hliiveholdere, owning 400 slaves apiece. His youngest brother,
Sil.'is, was living in Louisiana not long ago. The whole con-
nection were jirominent among tlieir follow-citizeua, and many
have become distinguished in the different professions.

Burgett Pierce was born in Virginia in 1793. His father and
mother were Samuel and Delilah Pierce, and ihey moved to Ross
County, Ohio, in 1800, ten miles from Chillicotho. Mr. Pierce
was married to Elizabeth Ward, daughter of Joab Ward and
sister of Thomas Wai-d, in 1S15, she having been bom in 1797.
They moved to near Deertield, Randolph County, in 1819 or
1820, and Mr. Pierce has resided in the same vicinity ever since
that early time, more than sixty-three years. He owns the same
farm still which first he occupied, though he has had his resi-
dence for somo years with his son-in-law, William C. King, half
a mile below Deertield. His wife departed this life in 1859,
aged about sixty-two years. Their children have been seven in
number, to wit: Matilda, torn in 1810. married Jeremiah L.
Mock, had eight chil Iren. and died in 1870; Uriah, born in
1818, married Martha A. JVIock, had sis children, and died in
1878; Delila, died an infant; James, married Mercy Whipple,
had thirteen children, three pairs of twins; Joel, tnarried Sarah
Collins and Julia Sherman, the last having one child; Nancy,
1828 (W. C. King,, no children; Sarah, 1832. Burgett Pierce's
descendants live mostly in Randolph County, and many of them
■ire well-to-do farmers. Mr. Pierce is in his ninetieth year.
Until lately, he has been hearty and sprightly. For a short time
past, his powers have been failing, though he is still doing very
well, considering his great age.

William Simmons came to Jackson Township very early, some
say as early as 1827. Ho was an older brother of James Sim-
mons, of JackH(m Townshij). He used to live in Wayne County,
Ind. as early as 1821, traveled through the region, hunting, to
and from Fort Wayne along the " Quaker Trace." He moved to
Blue River, and afterward returned to Randolph County. He
died in middle life, having been the father of twenty-one chil-
dren, all by the same mother. The children were all raised by
hand, the mothei' being unable to suckle them Twelve of the
twenty-one became grown, and t«n are living still. Several of
tlie chiMreu wore twins, and the statement has been made —
whether true or not wo cannot toll — that the children w -re all
born within thirteen years. The fact of his having twenty-one
children by the same wife seems to bo undisputed and well au-
thenticated. William Simmons lived on tho Mississinewa, just
south of Nr^w Pittsburg, and he is the same man who is men-
tioned in tho history of Jay County as having boon lost in the
woods and nearly frozen to duath aliDut tho time of the first set-
tlement of that region, and as having been found by the Haw-
kins boys after lie liad been some days in the depths of the for-
est, and so severely frozen as to l)e made an almost helpless crip-
j)le during the rest of his life.

John B. Sipe is tho son of Samuel Sipe, of Ward Township.
He joined Company C, Ninetieth Indiana Regiment (Fifth Cav-
alry), August 8, 18G2, and served nearly three years, receiving
his' discharge after the close of tho war. Juno 3H, 1805. Two of
his brothers were in the same company, viz., Isaac and Martin
(Van Buren). Tho latter was prisonl-r of war at Richmond,
Belle Isle and Andersonville for many months, but was at length
set frop and jo'ined his regiment. They were all mustered out
together. John B. Sipe is married and has (piite a large
family of childnm. He resideson the old homestead; is a fann-
er and a Democrat. Tho voters of Ward Township chose him
a,s their Trustee in the si)ring of 1880. He .seems a gonial and

intelligent citizen, and will no doubt make a faithful and effi-
cient jiublic officer, and fully justify the confidence reposed in
him by his fellow-citizens.

John H, Sipe is a farmer of Ward Township. He was born
in Bedford County, Penu., in 1802; married Mary Brubakor in
1824, came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1842; has had nine
children, five living and mairied. He bought atone time 120
and at another time 150 acres of land, but he has sold it all to
his son. Four of his children reside near him, and one, a
daughter, in Minnesota. In tho early time of his settlement
here, he engaged extensively in teaming, and made much money
in that way. John Thomas and Perry Fields had had a saw-
mill near Mr. Sipe's, where the State road crosses Clear Creek,
east of Deertield. Mr. Sipe rebuilt tho mill, and has kept it in
operation till the spring of 1880. He enjoys good health,
notwithstanding his age, appearing not more than seventy years
old, In politics, he is a Democrat, as are, in fact, a great ma-
jority of the citizens in that Democratic stronghold.

Samuel Sipe was born in Pennsylvania in 1798; married Bar-
bara Brubakor in 1823, and came to Ward Township, Randolph
Co., Ind, in 1847. They have had ten children, nine of the
number being now alive, and all of them are married. Ho entered
no land, as he came to the county too late for that. He owned, how-
ever, 240 acres, was a thriving, prosperous farmer, a prominent and
.ic citizen, and was a member of tho Democratic party

jx)litics. He died in 1875, being about seventy- seven years
old, and was baried in Deertield Cemetery, near the old chapel
west of the town. His wife still survives her husband, enjoy-
ing a gonial old age, and residing on the old farm with her son,
John B. Sipe. [October 8. 1882, his aged widow, Mrs, Bar-
bara Sijie, lay down to her lust earthly rest, having borne
the storms and trials of this earthly existence about seventy-
seven years six months and twenty-six days, and in hope
of a blessed immortality and an endless life in the upper and
bettor kingdom).

Temple Smith was born in 1800, in Adair County, Ky.; went
to Highland County, Ohio, in 1811, and came to Randolph
County, Ind., in 1819. He hiis resided thirty-six years west of
Bloomingsport— sis years at Bitena Vista, two years at Farm-
land, and fifteen years east of Stone Station, Ward Township.
He married Priscilla Crossley in 1827 (born in 1809). They
have had twelve children; six died in childhood and youth, and
six have beou married, and they have had thirty -seven grandchil-
dren; three of the sons died of diphtheria, at the ages of nine,
eighteen and twenty respectively. His wife died in January, 1882.

Allen Wall was among the very first residents of the Missis-
sinewa Valley, above Deertield. He was born in North Carolina
in about 1779. His wife's maiden name was Sarah Beechy, and
tlioy had ton children, all grown and married, and seven are liv-
ing yet. One daughter, sixty tivo years old, is the wife of Ja-
cob Evans, of Saratoga. Mr. Wall entered forty acres about two
miles east of Deertield, north of the Mississinewa, settling in the
region about 1817-18. Samuel Emery lived not very far away,
though ho came years later. Mr. Wall died in 1835, aged about
fifty-six. His wife died ic 1841. He was a farmer, and he and
his wife were Methodists. Nearly the only settlers oast of Deer-
tield in 1819 were the Masseysand" tho JacksoDs. Robert, James
and Tense Massey were there some time before. James, at
least, was in tho county and on tho Mississinewa in the summer
of 1818. James and Tense Massey appear to have made their
first entry in Sections 10 and 11, January 20, 1818, and Will-
iam Jackson in Section 21, October 2, 1819. Mr. Wall was a
farmer, and he and his people were Methodists. It is likely that
he was a Democrat, as most (though, indeed, not all) of tho
dwellers in that region were and are of that political faith.

John R. Warren was born in North Carolina in 1813; came to
Wayne County, Ind., in 1821, and married Ann Newton in 1834;
moved to Ward Township, Randolph County, in 1830; entered
100 acres of land, and, shortly afterward, 100 more. He owned
at one timj 9S0 acres, and had it all under fence. Ho now owns
none, but baa his property in other forms. His first wife died
in April, 1878, and his second wife in October, 1879. Ho has
had ton children — three dead, seven living — seven married— all

WARD TOWNSHIP.

in the neighborhood, but one in Minut>sota. Mr. Warren was a
farmer and stock- dealer, and managed a large bupiness; but he
has now retired from active life. Both his wives liave died
within about one and a half years, and he feels deeply their loss.
He is a Methodist of twenty years' standing, and a life-long
Domocrai

Jason Whipple, Deerfield, was bom in 1804, in Rhode Isl-
and; came to Delaware County, Ohio, in 1817; Inarried Eliza
K Bass in Rhode Island in 1824; moved to Jay County, Ind.,
near and north of Liber, in 1830, and to Deerfield, Randolph
County, in 1847, where he has resided ever since. He has had
thirteen children, eleven of whom are living. Thev reside in
Randolph, Jay and Adams Counties, Ind., in Missouri, Minne-
sota, and still elsewhere. He has been a farmer, a mechanic and
a miller. Mr. Whipple built a steam grist-mill a.t Deerfield in
1855, and it is still doing good and extensive work, being now
owned by his son, Willis Whipple. He has been twice married,
and his second wife is yet living. Though in his seventy-
eighth year, Mr Whipple is strong, hearty arid vigorotis, and does
not look more than sixty-tive. He has been an enterprising cit-
izen, and his family form a valuable addition to the strength of
the community. He is a sturdy Democrat of the olden time,
clinging with unflinching tenacity to the political affiliations of
his youthful days. Coming of age during the administration of
the younger Adams, his first Presidential vote was given at the
election of the grand old hero of Now Orleans to the Chief Exec-
utive chair, and ho has witnessed and taken i>art in the strug-
gles, the victories and the defeats of that ancient and famous
party of freemen from that time to the present. Long crowned
with triumphant success, the leaders of that historic body of
men administered with a bold and steady hand the affairs of the
nation for nearly all the years since the accession of the stem and
iron- willed Jackson to the Presidential office up to 1801 ; shilt out
since that time from the occupancy of the White House, except,
indeed, during the incumbency of Andrew Johnson, who had
been elected as a Republican with the lamented Lincoln, and
who assumed the responsibilities of Presidential authority upon
the assassination of his distinguished predecessor; they have,
nevertheless, clung together, finn, notwithstanding defeat, and
faithful through adversity, looking backward with admiration —
nay, with reverence! — upon their ancient leaders, with fond
affection and melancholy regret, upon their victorious progi'ess
dui-ing the years now long past and gone, and looking forward,
moreover, with fond and anxious hope, with ardent desire and
with longing expectation, ia the successes which may yet, in the
years that are still to come, by them again be accomplished.

Coi nlv, Ind., and v

\-r ...r-ye of South Carolina, and camo to Wayne County, Ind., iu 1806.
'. ' ' year 1809, he married >!i8s N.anoyLewellyn. by whom he had thirteen
< '.; . 'even of whom they raised, viz. : .John L. (deceased), William (killed
■! / '. ;! i: nj in 1852), Benjamin 0., R-ichel, Thomas L. (our subject), Isaac
■ ' >.. ,. T.u' elder Addington died in Kansas in 18(iO, while there visiting
M ;■ i^i-jr-in-liiw, Meahack Lewellyn, came to this county about the
V ,■ i ' , nr.J crioted the first mill on tho Mi.ssissinewa River. He came
"... -s.,,! to ';vayne County, Ind., in 1800. Our subject, Thomas L. Ad-
'1.- ^ ■ ■ , • "ilh his parents to this coiinly in 18-12, and settled in the woods ;
> .c ool in a log cabin with slab seats, greaseil paper windows and a
by...', . •ioii'-ii on pins in the wall, for a writing-desk. The deer, wolves and
.-^iii ■_ v. ; ;..m3 were abundant. He was married, in September, 1852, to Miss
Mwi-.j ,.1 V.oodard, by whom he had two children — Melissa and William.
■.■:,s. :■■:.<: Knfon. died in 1854, and in 1857 be married .Miss Nancy Pierce,
'1. . '...er o" liurket Pierce, of whom we shall speak elsewhere in this work. By
;ier hs liad four children — Marybeth (deceased), Elizabeth, Elsworth and An-
ii, i'lv. Mr. Addington resides on Section 20, and owns l:iO acres. In March,
18"L., he became a member of the Masonic fralernily, and in the fall of 1868,
he became a member of the order of Odd Fellows. Mr. and Mrs. Addington
are members of the Methodist Kpiscopal Church. .Mr. Addington filled the
office of .Justice of the Peace for eight years.

DAVID ALMONRODE (deceased) was born in Rockbridge County, Va.,
November 16,1814, and was a son of George and Margaret Almonrode ; he
came to this county with his widowed mother about the year ISoli ; he was
■first married, .Tune 7, 18.38, to Miss Esther Bousman, daughter of Adam Bous-
man, an early settler of this county. They had six children— Margaret, Su-
sannah, Janetta (deceased), Adam, Rachel and Nancy J. Mr. Almonrode died
July 14, 1880, loved by all. He was a worthy member of the United Brethren
Church, and an ardent worker in the temperance cause, and was always ready

to assist the poor ami needy. .Mrs. Almonrode is also a member of the church.
Her son, Adam, was a soldier in the late war.

JOHN BEARV, farmer, P. O. Saratoga, was born in Virginia August 16,
1800, and is a son of Joseph and Barbara Beary (deceased). Joseph Beary
was a soldier in the war of 1812. Our subject was married in February, 18:;9,
to Miss Susanna Overhulser, and the following fall emigrated to this county and.
located in the woods, where by hard labor he made a farm. He had two chil-
dren by his first wife— John H. (deceased) and Barbara A. Mrs. Beary died,
and he again married, January '2:i, 1845 : this time to Miss Susannah Grow,
by whom he had nine children, seven liviag— Isabelle, Catheriue, Sarah, Eliza-
beth, Emeline E., Josephine S. and Daniel F. Mr. Beary was a member of the
German Reformed Church. Sarah died June 13, 1882. Subject died August
15, 1881.

CYRUS BOUSMAN.

Cyrus Bousman was born in White River Township, Randolph Co., Ind.,
February 27. 1846, and is tlie son of George W. Bousman, one of the early set-
tlers of this county. His fatlier's father came from Germany, and finally to
Preble County, Ohio. The mother of tiie subject of this sketch was born and
raised in Rockbridge County, Va., and was there married to a man by thename
of Holmes, who died at the eml of five years, leaving her with two children
and but little Dleans. After the death of her husband, sheloaded her worldly
effects into a one-horse wagon, and with her two little girls and her young
brother, traveled the distance of more than six hundred miles to Preble Coun-
ty, Ohio, where she met Q. Vf. Bousman, to whom she was married in 1837.
In the following year, they came to this county, with only means enough to en-
ter a quarter section of land, upon which Ihoy settled and proceeded to make a
farm. The land was then an unbroken wilderness filled with wild game, and
they were without neighbors nearer than three miles, and but three neighbors
within five miles. Upon this farm the subject of this sketch was born in 1845,
and when nine years of age, was injured by a horse stepping on his foot and
crushing it. This injury confined him to his bed for one year, after which he
apparently recovered, but at the age of fourteen, the trouble again came on,
this time confining him to his bed four years, and leaving him crippled for life.
On account of this continued disability and poor school facilities, his education
has been limited, being confined to three terms of school at the "old lost
Bchoolhouse," and two terms at a peminary in Winchester.

In 1865, Mr. Bousman was married to Miss Margaret Ann Frase, and in
1866, they began life upon a rented farm. They changed location about once
each year until 1869, when he took a lease on a piece of woodland belonging
to his father, upon which they settled and on which he worked hard for four
years. At the end of this time, poor health compelled a change of occupation.
In 1873, they removed to the village of Saratoga, where Mr. Bousman engaged
in a huckstering business for one year ; he then learned photographing and
carried on a gallery at Saratoga for three years. This business ceasing to be re-
munerative, he quit it in 1877, and started into ageneralstore,.selling dry goods
groceries, and whatever is necessary and profitable iu a small town. At the same
time his wife opened a millinery store. These businesses they still carry on. In
1874, Mr. Bousman was made Postmaster at Saratoga, which position he yet
fills, and all the time his wife has been his .assistant. He has for some time
been Freight and Ticket .\gent for the Pan-Handle Railroad at Saratoga: also
agent for the Adams Express Company. It is readily seen that he is a concen-
trated inhjibitant, and is a useful and respected citizen. By integrity in busi-
ness he has gained the confidence of the community in which he lives, and by
energy, perseverance and correct habits, lie has earned a oempetence, has ac-
cumulated property, and is iu a fair way to enjoy a prosperity which a
proper life will merit.

Margaret Ann Bousman, nee Frase, is the daughter of John and Nancy
Frase, aud was born near the town of New .Madison, Darke Co., Ohio, Au-
gust 28, 1846. In 1851, she was brought to this county by her parents, where
she was raised on a farm, and educated in the common district .-ichools. Iu
1805, she was married to (^yrus Bousman, since which time her life has been
parallel with his, and for whom she has been a helpmate and valuable assistant,
and with whom she has made a comfortable success of life, with him attaining
creditable social position, against adverse circumstances.

THOMAS H. CLARK, farmer, P. 0. Clark, was born in Warren County,
Ohio, August 26, 1846, and is a son of Thomas and Susannah Clark, also
natives of Warren County, aud who came to this county in 1847, and now
reside in Winchester. Mr. Clark was brought up on a farm, and received a
commcin-school education. He served twenty-two months in the late war in
Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and
participated in the battles of Atlanta, Franklin, Nashville, Wise Fork and oth-
ers. He was married, in 1860, to Miss Barbara Hobbick, by whom he had two
children— Ida and Elmer. Mrs. Clark died in 1872, and, in 1875, he married
Mrs. Jane Rittenour, by whom he has one child— Susannah C. Mrs. Clark
had OOP child by her first husband, viz., William Rittenour. Mr. Clark is eu-
gagei L farming and stock-raising, and owns eighty acrei of valuable land.

JOHN M. COLLETT, groin merchant, Randolph, was born in Warren
County, Ohio, April 28, 1842, and is a son of Presley and Permelia Collett,
who removed to Jay County, Ind., in 1852. He was married in 1863 to Miss
Cynthia A. Whitenack, by whom he has seven children— Ida E., Permelia t.,
Florence R,, Jasper I., Isaac N., Charles P. and William E. Mr. Collett served
three years in the late war in Company H, One Hundredth Indiana Volunteer
Infantry, and participated in the battles of Vicksburg, Jackson, Miss., Chick-
amauga, Chattanooga, f<ookout Mountain and Mission Ridge; he was wounded
at the last-named battle. He came to this county in 1870, and in 1873
engaged in the grain business at Deerfield Station, which he still succeBsfally
follows.

DR. ROYSTON FORD, physician and surgeon, Saratoga, was born in
Darke County, Ohio, November 2H, 1845, and is a son of Mordecai and Mary
(Tillman) Ford, natives of Treble County, Ohio. The Doctor was reared on a

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Ihe age of fifteen, nnd entered the Allopathic Department of the Michigan
State University at Ann Arbor in 1B72, where he toolc a thorough course in
medicine. He practiced medicine in Darke County, Ohio, until the fall of
1876, when he remoTed to Saratoga. Here he built up a good practice, and in
the winter of 1870-80, attended the Cincinnati Hospital and School of Medi-
cine and Surgery, graduating from the latter with high honors February 27,
1880. He then returned to his practice in Saratoga, Randolph Co., Ind.,
where he not only has his old practice but many new patlent.8 have been added to
his list. The Doctor was married January 22, 1870, to Miss Elizabeth Albright,
daughter of Simpson Albright, of .\rcanum, Ohio. Our subject served in the
late war in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-second Ohio Volunteer Infan-
try during the summer of 18G4.

DAVID S. HARKER, farmer and stock-raiser, P.O.Deerfield. Mr. Harkor
was born near Woodstown, Gloucester Co., N. J.. .January 22, 1827, and is a
.wn of Enoch and Christiana Harker, also natives of New .lersey. His parents
removed to ISuller County, Ohio, in 18,S0. He was brought up on a farm, nnd
educated in the common schools. February 3, 1848, he married Miss Mary
AVhilenack, a native of Warren County, Ohio, and daughter of Cornelius and
Mary Whitenaok. They began as renters, and lived in an old log cabin. Mr.
Harker worked for ex-Oov. Morrow, of Ohio; be cleaned out his mill
race; he cut wood for 40 cents per cord and boarded himself; but, by econ-
omy and hard work, he saved $200 the first two yenrs of his married life, and
he then began to farm. He now owns 803 acres of valuable land. He came
to this county in 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Harker have had twelve children, of
whom ten are living, viz., Rebecca, Joseph, Charles, i
David, Hattie, Jennje and Adella G.

JOHN KEY, farmer, P. O. Saratoga, was born in Green County, East
Tenn., February 6, 182!1, and is i son of Andrew and Susannah (Fields) Key,
who came to this county in 1829. They settled in the woods. The wild ani-
mals and turkeys were very numerous then. Mr. Key was formerly a pupil of
Ebenezer Tucker. He helped clear his father's farm, and has since cleared two
farms for himself. He was married in 1858 to Miss Avis Smith, a native of
Hawkins County, East Tenn., and a daughter of Caleb C. Smith. They have
had ten children, six of whom are living — Joiinna, Ruth, Henry C, George,
Nancy E. and Stella. In early life, Mr. Key taught school for the most part for
nine years. He is now farming and raising slock, and owns luO acres of
land. In 1880, Mr. and Mrs. Key returned to their native St?te on a visit.

WILLIAM 0. KINO, farmer and stock-raiser, 1'. (). Deerfield, was born
in Fayette County, Ohio, June 21, 183!5, and is a son of Rennet and Susan
(Proud) King, the former a native of Fayette County and Ihe latter of Koss
County, Ohio. They c.ime to this county in 1837, and settled in the northwest
corner of Green Township. Our subject was brought up on a farm, and
received a limited education. At the age of nineteen, he learned the carpen-
ter's trade, at which he worked ontil 1865. He was married, March 8, 1855,
to Miss Sai-ah Pierce, daughter of Burket Pierce, who came to this county in
181'.l, and is still living, in his ninetieth year. Mr. Kin;; also buys and ships
stock. He resides on Section 17, in a fine brick house which cost $4,000. He
is a member of the Odd Fellows ; has passed all the degrees and filled all Ihe
chairs. He filled the office of Assessor two terms and Land Appraiser one
term. Mr. King's mother died September 7, lf<82, in Oregon, Holt Co., Mo.

WILLIAM LEWIS, farmer, P. O. Ridgeville. This worthy old settler is a
native of the lown of Belbrook, Ohio, and was born September 3, 182fi. His
parents, .Joel and Mercy Lewis, removed with their family to this county in
1827, and settled in the woods, where the deer, wolves and turkeys were
numerous. The Indians were also in this locality at times. Oar subject
knows all about grubbing and picking brush, rolling logs, etc., and other hard
farm work. He attended subscription scliool in an old log cabin, sal on a
Hplitlog seat, and wrote on a board supported by pins in the wall. The school-
house was covered with clapboards, which were secured by weight-poles. He
was married, October 24, 1850, to Miss Anna Riddlebarger, by whom he has
bad eight children, six living— David J., Mary E., Thoiuafl II., Isaac N.,
George W. and Jesse J. .Mr. Lewis is engaged in farming and stock-raising,
and owns 225 acres of land.

ELISIIA L. LOLLAR, farmer, P. 0. Saratoga. The subject of this sketch
is a native of Randolph County, was born May 13, 1841, and is a son of
Joseph Lollar, an early settler of this county, having located here in 1837.
His mother was Sarah Pogue, daughter of William Pogue, also an early sptllcr
of this county. Mr. Lollar was bronglit up on a farm and educated mostly
in tlio common schools. He was married, April 24, 18i;2, to Miss Mary A.
Warren, daughter of .lolin K. Wiirren, of whom we shall make further mention
elsewhere in this work. They have had four children born to Ihcm, of whom
three are living— Minnie A., Ezra E. and Annie G. Mr. Lollar is a prominent
farmer and stock-raiser of Ward Township, and owns 185 acres of valuable
land. In ISrrJ. he left home and loved ones, and went into the rebellion to
fight for the liberty of his country. , He .«erved in ('ompany E, Eighty-fourth
Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the battle of Chicknmauga,
where he was wounded, and afterward discharged on account of disability
occasioned by said wouikI. Mr. and Mrs. Lollar are members of the United
Brethren Church.

AVILLIAM MONTGOMERY, farmer, f. 0. Clark, was born in Guilford
County, N. C, DecemDcr 12, 170'.1, and is a son of Samuel and Mary Mont-
gomery. His educational advantages were limited. He attended school in a
log cabin, witli puncheon seaU and a dirt floor. He and his schoolmates
employed their noons in cutting wood for the huge fire-plnce. He was married,
in WJ.'.\ to Miss Sarah lliatt, by whom he has had twelve children— John (de
ceased), Eli. Phineas, Priscilla, Betsy A., Joseph N.. Cyrena, Thomas N
(dccea,sed), Lovina, Susannah (deceased), Milton M. and Christena. Four
sons wore in the late war- Eli, Phineas, Jasper and Thomas. Thomas N. died
in the service. Mr. Montgomery came to this county in 1833, and settled in
the woods, where nearly all kinds of wild game abounded. The Indin

hunting, Mr. Montgomery became lost in the woods, and while wandering
around he came to an Indian wigwam which was occupied by a lone Indian and
his dog. The hospitable " red man of the forest" shared his narrow cot of
leaves and deer skins with him, and they slept "heels to Iieels," for it was not
wide enough for two to lie at one end. Mr. Montgomery owns eighty acres of
land, and is engaged in farming.

THOMAS J. MOORE, laborer. New Pittsburg, was bom in Liverpool,
Eng., and is a son of Thomas and Margaret Moore. He came to America in
1884, and to Randolph County in October, 1870. He is an engineer by traile ;
was on Lake Ontario two years, and on the Hudson River one year. He is a
member of the M. E. Church.

WILLIAM 0. MOULTON, teacher, Saratoga. This enterprising young
teacher is a native of Richmond, Ind., and was born August 5, 1860. His
parents were George W. and Mary A. Moulton, of Auburn, N. Y., and New
Paris, Ohio. He was reared on a farm and educated in Ridgeville College and
Winchester Normal School. He began teaching in September, 1870, and is
now Principal of the Saratoga Schools, which, under his wise management, are
in a prosperous condition. He uses the latest normal methods in his work,
and has established a systematic course of instruction. The Professor was
married, April 25, 1880, to Miss Eva R. Koon, daughter of Harvey W. Koon,
of New Pittsburg, this county. He is ii member of the Masonic fraternity,
and is also a member of the Epsilon RhoLiterary Society of Ridgeville College.

THOMAS G. MULLEN, farmer and stock-raiser, P. 0. Clark, was born in
North Carolina January 28, 1828, and is a son of Thomas and Nancy Mullen,
who removed from North Carolina to this county in 182'J. Mr. Mullen re-
ceived a common school education, and assisted his father on the farm. He
was married, October 1, 1852, to Miss Susannah Johnson, a native of this
county and daughter of John Johnson. They had six children, four living —
James M., Louis A., Samantha J. and Phoebe A. Mrs. Mullen died, and on
the 1st day of January, 18(jli. he married Mrs. Elraina Thompson, by whom he
has had seven children ; of these, six are living — Ida B., Frank, Flora and
Clarence (twins), Bessie and Charles. Mrs. Mullen had one child by her first
husband— Emma Thompson. Mr. Mullen owns 320 acres of land. He served
in the late war for fourteen months in Company G, Fifty-fourth Indiana Volun-
teer Infantry, and participated in Ihe battles of Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas
Post.Qrand Gulf and Thompson's Hill.

URIAH PIERCE (deceased) was born in Ross County, Ohio, October 21,
1818, and is a son of Burket Pierce, who came to this county in 1819, and is
still living at the age of ninety years. The country was wild, and there were
no educational advantages except to study by his father's fire side. He was
married, in 1840, to Miss Martha A. Mock, a native of Greene County, Ohio,
and daughter of Daniel Mock, who came to this county in 1824. They had six
children, of whom three are living, viz. : Thomas N., John Q.' and Daniel M.
Thomas and John were soldiers in the late war. Mr, Pierce taught the first
public school in his district, No. 3, Township 21 ; and organized the first Sab-
bath school in the neighborhooil. He was a worthy member of the M. E.
Church, a benevolent man, and a valuable member of society. He died March
11, 1878, loved by aU.

ELWOOD 0. PIERCE, farmer and stock-raiser, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born
in Randolph County August 27, 1866, and is a son of Joel Pierce (decea.sed).
He was left an orphan, and bis grandfather, Burket Pierce, raised him until
fourteen years of age. He was educated at Ridgeville College; was married,
October 2, 1876, to Miss Edith E. Thompson, by whom he has had two children,
one living, viz. : Laura Alice. Mr. Pierce is engaged raising stock on Section
7, and owns ninety-four acres of valuable land.

DAVU) POGUE, retired farmer, P. 0. Saratoga, being an old settler of
Randolph County, is entitled to more than a passing notice in a work like this.
He was born May 26, 1828, and Is a son of Robert Pogue, who came to this county
in 1837, and now resides in Union City at the age of seventy-nine years. Mr.
Pogue was brought up on a farm, and educated in a subscription school, which
was taught in a log cabin, with a huge fire-place in one end, and a
length of the

jildingi

He

which 1

itilcd.

slab which was supported on pins in the wall. The door of
schoolliouse was made of clapboards, as also was the roof, which was secured
by weight-poles. When the Pogues settled in Ward Towuship the land was
"in the green." Much credit is due to these old pioneers for their untiring
!abor.'< in preparing the way for the prosperity of future generations. Many a
day has Mr. Pogue worked in the clearing in his bare feet, sore and bleeding,
and the ground frozen hard. They had to go to Richmond to mill, a distance
of twenty-six miles. Our subject was married, February 15, 1855, to Miss
Mary Barber, daughter of George W. Barber, an early settler of this county.
They have no children, but have raised two others. Mr. and :\trs. Pogue are
worthy members of the M. E. Church in Saratoga.

DR. JOHN I'URCELL, phy.sician, Deerfield, was born in Northumboriand
County, I'enn., February 12, 1834, and is a son of David and Grace Purcell,
the former a native of i'ennsylvania, and the latter of New Jersey. The Doc-
tor was brought up on a farm, and educated near and at .Mount Gilead, Ohio.
He read medicine under Dr. William Turner, of Waterford, Ohio. lu 1867, he
began the practice of medicine in that place, and in the fall of 1870 came to
Deerfield, where he has built up a good practice. He was married, December
18, 1873, to .Miss Sarah Lipps, by whom he has three children— David Guy,
Frank M.and Charles M. He is a member of the Odd Fellows and Masonic
fraternities.

JESSE RIDDLEBARGER, farmer and stock-raiser, P. 0. Deerfield, is a
native of Botetourt County, Va., and was born October 2, 1826. He is a son of
David and Ann Riddlebarger, who removed with their family to near Dayton,
Ohio, in 1829, and to this county in 1830. Mr. Riddlebarger was raised on a
farm, and attended school in a log cabin with a greased paper window, clap-
board roof, puncheon floor, and split slab seats. In those early days they went
to Richmond to mill, a distance of over thirty miles. Mr. R. has many a time
crushed corn iu a hominy block. He was married, September 28, 1852. to

WARD TOWNSHIP.

Mias Lucindft IJiirnliart, a imtivo of Fairfield County, Ohio, and daugliter of
Valentine Bainhnrt. They have had nine children, eight living— Josephine,
Ella, Eva, Thomas, Claud, Mark, Oscar and Hattie. Mr. Riddlebarger owns
240 acres, and resides on Section 18.

MILES SCOTT, farmer, P. 0. Harrisyille. The subject of this sketch,
baring resided in Randolph County for nearly fitly years, is identified with its
history, and is, therefore, entitled to more than a passing notice in a work like
this. He was born in Wayne County, Ind.. April 17, 1831, and is a son of Ed-
ward and Chloe Scott, who came to this county in 1882. He was brought up
on a farm, and educated mostly in a subscription school, taught in a log cabin,
with slab benches, a board supported by pins in the wall for desks, and greased
paper pasted over a hole in the side of the house for a window. Mr. Scott
knows all about grubbing and picking brush, rolling logs, and other bard work
attending the making of a farm in the woodland. He was married, March 2,
18S0, to Miss Sarah Ann Coffin, a native of Randolph County, and daughter of
Stephen Coffin, an early settler of this county. They have had eight children,
of whom four are living— Stephen C, Edward W., Luzena M. and William H.
Mr. and Mrs. Scott are worthy members of the Christian Cliuroh at Harriaville.
He has helJ the office of Justice of the Peace acceptably to his many constitu-
ents in Wayne 'Township for twelve years, and is the present incumbent.

EDWAED W. SCOTT,, teacher, Harrisville. This enterprising young
teacher is a native of Randolph County, and was born April 22, 1858. His
father. Miles Scott, of Harrisville, came to this county when a small boy. Our
subject was brought up on a farm and educated at Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio.
He is now teaching an interesting school at Randolph, Ward Township. He
uses the latest approved normal methods in his work and has reduced his
labors to a perfect system which the pupils all well understand. He is a
member of Christian or New-Light Church. '

JAMES A. SIPE (deceased) was born in Bedford County, Penn., May 12,
182.3, and was a son of Conrad Sipe. During the progress of the Mexican war
he enlisted in the service of the United States, in the company known as the
Bedford Greys. He was at the cities of New Orleans, Buena Vista, Vera Cruz,
Mexico and others. He came to this county in i848, ,and October 6, 1850, he
married Miss Nancy Sipe, daughter of John H.j Sipe. They had twelve chil-
dren, ten living, viz., Orlando, Almnretta, John 0., Lucy L., Mary J., George
M., Clara A., James F., Emma R. and Henry 0. Mr. Sipe was a worthy
member of the M. E. Church. He died March 27, 1875. He was a respected
citizen, a benevolent man, and strong advocate of temperance. ,

JOHN SMILEY, farmer, P. O. Pittsburgh, was born in Botetourt County,
Va., March 1, 1824, and is a son of Walter and Susan Smiley, also natives of
Virginia. Mr. Smiley was educated in a sutyscription school taught in a log
cabin. He came to this county in 1841, and settled in the woods ; was married,
September 10, 1857, to Miss Louisa Bragg, daughter of Bphrnim Bragg, an
early settler of this county. They have had twelve children, eleven living,
viz., Hezekiah, Sarah J., Martha L., McLellan, William S., Mary A., Ezra,
Emma, Henry, Noah and Pearla. Mr. Smiley owns forty ocres of land on Sec-
tion 12. Mr. and Mrs. Smiley are members of the Pleasant Grove Christian
Church.

WALTER B. SMILEY, farmer, P. 0. Randolph, was born in Green
County, E. Tenn., June 1, 1820, and is a son of Walter and SusannUi Smiley,
natives of Botetourt County, Va. He was reared on a farm, and educated in the
common schools. From 1844 to 184'.l, he worked in a woolen factory. He
then learned the painter's trade, which he has followed more or less ever since.
He came to this county in February, 1839. Was married, June 24, 18R0, to
Miss Huldah Bragg, a grand niece of Gen. Bragg. They have had ten children,
of whom eight are living — Clement G., Janetta A., Sarah E., Emma B., Mary
J., James C, Anna L. and Clara R. M"-. .Smiley held the office of Constable
for two years. Mrs. Smiley is a member of the Christian Church.

WILLIAM STICK, farmer and mechanic, P. 0. Randolph, was born in
Adams County, Penn., March 25, 1840, and is a son of Casper and Julia Stick,
who removed with their family to this county in 1863. At the age of eighteen,
Mr. Stick learned the carpenter trade, at which he has worked, for the most
part, ever since. He was married, August 14, 1873, to Mrs. Sarah Alexander,
daughter of Joel Williams, of this county. They have one child— Qyde H.
Mrs. Stick had two children by her first husband— Harry 0. and Violetta L.
Alexander. Mr. Stick is engaged in farming at present, and owns thirty-six
acres of land, lie is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and Mrs. Stick is a
member of the M. E. Church.

ALEXANDER VORHIS.
Alexander Vprhis was born September 7, 1842, in Hunterdon County,
N. J., and came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1802, with his father, Cornelius
Vorhis. The latter was an enterprising, industrious man, and, had he lived,
would doubtless have identified himself with the history and improvements of
this county. He located near the village of Deerfield, in this county, and
erected a dwelling house upon his land, but eleven days after the completion
nf his home he died. He left only a moderate estate to hia family, and they
were thrown largely upon their own resources for a livelihood. His wife kept
hotel at Deerfield, pursuing this enterpri-^e until her death, in 1H(;4, and deriv-
ing a fair income from the public paironge. His son. the subject of this

sketcii, w.ts employed about the hotel, assisting his mother in her labors, and
attending the common schools in winter. His education, however, is largely
self-acquired by a patient course of stmly at home, after the day's work was
done, and the blazing fire on the hearth at night furnished him the light to
pursue this effort to acquire knowledge. As he grew up he manifested a
taste for business, and to those who watched hia course it was apparent that
he possessed the qualities that give assurance of success. He was sober, hon-
est and industrious, and found plenty of friends to encourage him. At the
age of twenty-two years, he opened a store at Deerfield, the capital for this en-
terprise having been loaned him by some of his friends. Indue lime he hail
paid his indebtedness and had a flourishing business. Two years later, he re-
Richmond & Fort Wayne Railroad, and for the next thirteen years was suc-
cessfully engaged their in mercantile pursuits, serving as Pcstmaster at thu'
point during six years of this period. In May, 1880, he began the study of
the law, without a preceptor, having purchased the necessary text books, and
devoted all his leisure time to this object. In November, 1881, he was ad-
mitted to the bar of Randolph County, and is rapidly rising in the estimation
of the public and the legal fraternity. He has retired from the mercantile
business, and devotes all his energy to the practice of his profession. He has
the qualifications of a good lawyer, and his well-knowu integrity secures for
him the confidence of all within the scope of his practice who have legal busi-
ness to transact, while those who know him best predict for him a professional
success not less pronounced than that which attended his life as a merchant.

which, though not colossal, is yet ample to secure him against the possibility
of want, while his uniformly honorable dealings in business transnction,< se-
cured for Jiim the public confidence. Personally, he is a splendid specimen of
physical manhood, tall and well proportioned, weighing 300 pounds; jolly and
good-natured, able to receive or give a joke, and looking always at the bright
side of life. His personal characteristics have won him friends, and perhiips
no man in the community is mpre universally respected. In 18fi3, he was
united in marriage with Mias Hetfie M. Drew,, a nitive of Steuben County.
N. Y.,and daughter of Rufus B. and Mary A. Drew, both of whom are now
living in Steuben County, N. Y. His wife is an estimable lady, and shares will,
her husband the afi'ectionale regard of the community in which thpy reside.

JOHN R. WARREN, having resided in this county for over forty years, is
entitled to more than a passing notice in our county history. He was born in
Randolph County, N. C, April 12, 1812, and is a son of James and Elizabeth
Warren, who came to Wayne County about the year, 1821. James Warren
was a soldier in the war of 1812, and was in the field when peace was declared.
Our subject was raised on a farm, and attended subscription school in a log
cabin, where he sat on a slab seat and wrote withi a goose-quill ton a board
supported by pios in the wall. He was married, January 9, ,1834, to Miss Ann

to eighty acres of land on Section 2«, in Ward Towiiship. There was but, ten
acres of this cleared, and, except the ten acres, he has made a farm. He kepi
adding to this until at one time he owned one thousand acres. He sold hi,«
landed estate in 1875, and has retired to quiet life, and resides in the pleasant
village of Saratoga, in Ward Township. He had ten children by his first wife,
of whom seven are living, viz., Henry, Mary A., William, Mahala, Joseph, John
F. and Martha. One of the deceased, Elizabeth, lived to the age of eighteen
years. Mrs. Warren died April 21, 1877, and he again married to Mrs. Ann
Dixon ; she lived but about nine months, and he married a third time, Sept em
ber 16, 1880, this time to Mrs. .Sarah A. Reid. Mr. and Mrs. Warren an
members of the M. E. Church.

JAMES M. WARREN, farmer, P. 0. Union City, is a native of this county,
and was horn May 18, 1840. He is a son of Dolphin and Nancy Warren, lie
was married, September 6, 1860. to Miss .S.irah E. Miller, a native of this
«ounty, and daughter of Daniel R. .Miller, late of Winchester. They have had
four children, three living— Sarah E., Nancy A. and Daniel D. Mr. Warren ie
engaged in farming and stock-raising, and owns 399 acres of land. Ho also
buys and sells stock. Mr. and Mrs. Warren are members of the Disciple
Church.

WHIPPLE &. HARKER, millers, Deerfield. This enterprising firm ewn
and operate the flouring-mill at Deerfield. They run four set of "buhrs, and
make the best of flour. Themill was erected in 1854, by Willis Whipple, and his
father, Jason AVhipple. The mill now contains one purifier, and has a capacity
of forty barrels in twenty.four hours. Willis Whipple, thesenior'miember of
the firm, was born in Rhode Island, November 25, 1827. His parents removed
with their family to Jay County, Ind., in 1838. In 1,S48, he came to this
county, and has been engaged in milling for the most part ever since. He was
married, December 29, 1849, to .Miss Margaret S. Miller, by whom he had one
child, Mary A. (deceased). Mr. Whipple is a member of the M. E. Church.
The junior member of the firm, Joseph E. Harkcr, was born in Warren County,
Ohio, October 24, 1850, and is a son of DavM S. Ilarker, of Ward Township,
who came to this county in 1857. Mr. HarUer was educated at llidgeviltc
College. On the 10th of April, 1872, he married :\li8s Mary A. Whipple,
daughtcrof Willis Whipple, of wh.mi wo spoke above. They had two chil-
dren—Alma and I.eamy W. Mrs. Ilarker died November 6, 1878.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH OOl^NTT.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

GENERAL.

Wayne Township was created (as it stands nt present) in
1838. It lies on the east side of Randolph County. IncL, with
Jackjon Township north, Darke County east. Greensfork Township .
on the south and White Biver Township at the west. The town-
ship is about eight miles north and south, and five miles east and
west, containing about forty sections It lies on both sides of
the old (Wayne's) boundary, embracing most of Township 17
and the south part of Township 18 north, Range 1 west, and the
north part of Township 10, and all of Township 20, Range 15
east. It is located upon Greenville and Dismal Creeks, and also
on White River and Little Mississinewa River. The surface is
mostly level, and some of it quite low, though probably its entire
ejctent is tillable by proper drainage. Greenville Creek is in the
southeast, Dismal in the central east, Little Mississinewa in the
center and northeast and Whit« River in the west. The western
part was first settled in 1818 and onward. The Greenville &
Winchester State road passes through the southern part of the
township, a part of that thoroughfare being piked. There are
parts of four pikes within its bounds: First, Htate Line pike,
from Union City south to the old Greenville State road, sis and
one-fourth miles; Winchester & Union pike (north), ten milas;
WJncho.ster & Union pike (south), ten miles; Ai-ba & Bartonia
pike (in the township), one mile. The country is under pretty
good improvement, there being some fine residences and many
good farms. The ti^rst settlers were at Jericho. Aonos Peacock,
Bononi Hill, Hiram Hill and Abiam Peacock were perhaps the
first. They came in 1818. Joshua Foster (on the Griffis farm)
came very early, in 1819 or 1820. Robert Murphy, three and a
half miles south of Union City, came in 1834. Settlore in that
region and soon after were James Griflis, on the Williamson
place, came in 1833. Smith Masterson lived one mile west of
"Murphy's. William Kennon lived on State road, near Bartonia,
in 1832. He was the father of Smith Kennon, northwest of Bar-
tonia. ^lohn Dixon lived one and a half miles north of Mur-
phy. Mr. Green lived ou the State road. The first imjxjrtant
mill in Wayne Township Wai Cox's, on White Biver, about five
miles east of Winchester, tuilt in' 1825, removed about ten years
ag(3. It wks sold to Josetth and. Benjamin Pickett before a long
time, and bought afterward (1853) by William Pickett, and rUn
till 1804 ; stood idle througt livb dry years, and was pulled down in
1870. The first school prdbably was in Jericho settlement,
among the Friends, in 1822 or 1823. Mariam Hill taught the
school, in Friends' Meeting House, vrith twenty or tweuty-ilve
pupils. Friends' Meeting was established alwut 1821, at Jeri-
cho. The first school near Robert Murphy's, he says, was about
1838. Several settlers caiilS in that year, and the neighbors built
a little log cabin schoolhouso, with no windows, but a log cutout
for light. The fii-st medtlrlg-house m his region was at Boutn dh-
lem. They used to go tO Coletowu, Otio, rtt first where was a Con-
gregational Church, Rev. Springer, the ihsmbets of the Fribnds'
Meeting were Benoni Hill, Amos Peacock, Henry Hill, Abram
Peacock, Elijah Cox, William Cox. There was no preacher in
the meeting for a long time. The first one in the bounds of the
meeting was John Jones. It was a ciuaint but affecting sight to
witness thase faithful souls gathering in that hnmV>le woods cab-
in, and sitting in utter quiet, withoiit a word of prayer or exhor-
tation or song, waiting in stillnoRs on the Lord for the power of
His purifying spirit in their hearts, meeting thus week by week,
month by montli, year by year, without weariness and without
failing, humbly and in love both with God and with men.

Different settlers came at varions times. Some of those who
are now prominent came later. James Griffis moved to the
GrifiSs farm in about 1838; Norton, near Bai-touia; Graves, old

town of Randolph; Bailey, who kept a store and tavern just east
of Randolph in 1846, and for years before and after, came very
early The father of Thomas S. Kennon, northwest of Bartonia,
came in 1830. Mr. Shockney, father of Samuel Shockney, west
of Bartonia, emigrated from Marj'land in 1840. AVilliamson,
on the State Line pike, south of Union City, Ind., settled there
in about 1838. Elihu Cammack, on the State road, east of Bar-
tonia, settlotl there in 1840, biit was bom near Arba in 1817. Will-
iam Pickett settled in White River Township in 1828, and in
Wayne Township, at the Cox Mill property, in 1853. The Pollys
and the Masons came in early. George Thomas, sou of Benjamin
Thomas, near Newport, Ind,, settled in Randolph County (Jeri-
cho), in 1835, and his wife in Wayne ToiRTiship in 1818. Will-
iam A. Macy, north of Elihu Cammack's, came there in 1852.
John Hartman, northwest of William A Macy, settled there in
1848. Gullett, west of Robert Murphy's, came to that place
about 1830. Poor settled near the Griffis farm. Joshua Fos-
ter came to the same neighborhood early — 1820 or sooner;
Sheets, north of Union, in 1830.

Two important railroads traverse Wayne Township, crossing
each other at Union City — the " Bee Line " and the " Pan Han-
dle," Union City being at the crossing, and Harrisville on tho
"Bee Line," The " I3ee Line," the original Indianapolis &
Bellefontaine road, was tho second road in the State, built in
1851-53. The " Pan Handle " was begtin about the same time,
and constructed to Union City from Clolumbus soon after, but
completed to Logausport about 1867. Thesf roads are now parts
respectively of two iimnenso railro.id corporations, holding each
thousands of miles of tnick, and millions of dollars' worth of fixt-
ures and apparatus.

The Greenville State road west through Wayne Township
and Winchester was for many years one of the chief routes of
travel between tho East and the West.

At first, emigrants in great numbers pa.^sed westward, and in
a few years vast droves of cattle came East on the same route.
Many jiersons kept hotel and pasture and feed stations for peo-
ple and for droves. Immense crowds of cattle used to go East
along this route during twenty or thirty years — in fact, until
tlie 13ellefontaine Railroail dried up the business, in 1853 — seven
or eight hundred fat cattle would be in a single drove. The
road would be tracked in straight, deep hollows, as if logs had
been "plumped" down lengthwise and taken up, leaving a huge
mark aiiross the road.

Ill Wayne Township, James Griffis kept one c*f the chief
stations for dl-oves for many years. AVilliam Robison, wtoso father
lived not far east of A\inchester, says his father kept a tavern,
and also fed cattle more or loss. The charges seem to have been
low enough, fcomparod with these tijuos. The price for mrtu and
hoi-sb (supjjer, lodging and breakfast for both) was 37^ cents.
He says also that the toys had often to sleep in the bam on the
hay-iubw to lilakn i-oora for tho travblers in the hoiWe. The bus-
iness of feeding ilroVes seems to have been lucrative. At least,
the men who f ollowe<.l it appear generally to have become wealthy,
))rincipally, perhaps, for two reasons — first, they had of course
large ti-acts of land for pastiire; second, the feeding gave them a
home market for all the com and hay they could raise. The
business of keeping tavern was indeed imjwrtant in those early
<lays. When all tho ti-avol from East to West went through "by
land," great means of accommodation would bo needed; and, as
it is always, a public demand created a general supply, and on
all the chief roads and in every town, one of the chief occupa-
tions used to bo to keep travelei"s. Now that business is reduced
to a minimum. The travel all goes on the railroads, and very
little of it stops at all for anything, except, indeed, for a " smash-

,m^^FX^ >v:ayjve: ^^Tcm^T^issg

Mrs a J. Chenoweth,

Abraham J. Chenoweth.

/ Res OF Mrs ABRAHAM J. CHENOWETH Wayne Tp Randolph. Co Ind

, WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

425

up," and that occnn'ence pays no attention to hotels or anything
else. The "Quaker Trace" passed through the township from
south to north, via Bartonia and Salem, toward FortWayne. The
township is tolerably well drained by White River to the west,
Little Mississinowa River to the north, and Greenville and Dis-
mal Creeks toward the east; yet portions of the township need
ditching badly, and future years will doubtless witness solid im-
provement in this respect. Several pikes lie partly in the town-
ship. The Stat« Lino pike, north and south, from Union City,
the two pikes connecting Union City with Winchester, the Union
& Salem pike northward, a new one eastward from Winchester
toward Jericho, and the pike westward from Greenville toward
Bartonia, as also the Arba & Bartonia pike If the Greenville
& Wincliester pike were only made through, and one extended
northward from Bartonia via Salem, and from Elihu Cammack's
northward to the Winchester & Union pike, Wayne Township
Avould be " well out of the mud." For which joyful consumma-
tion let all good men earnestly labor and strive.

A new and free pike is in construction from the Wayne
County line straight north to the toll-gate southwest of Union
City, which will be a very important road.

Politically, Wayne Township is stongly Republican. There
is a considerable Democratic element, but it is largely in the mi-
nority.

CONTENTS.

Wayne Township contains sections as follows:

Township 17 north, Range 1 west, Sections 1, 2, 3, 10, 11,

12, 13, 14, 15, 23 to 27 inclusive; Township 18 north. Range 1
west. Sections 23, 24-. 25, 20, 35 and 30; Township 19 north.
Range 15 east. Sections 4 to 9 inclusive; Township 20 north,
Range 15 east. Sections 3 to 10, 15 to 21 and 28 to 33, in-
clusive.

Some of the sections ai-e fractional, but the township em-
braces about forty-five square miles, or 28,800 acres.

Entries of land wore made in Wa.>Tie Township by the record
as follows: Jeremiah Moffitt, N. W. 18, 20, 15, 100 acres, Dec. 1,
1812; William Chenoweth, S. E. 24, 17, 1. 100 acres, Septem-
ber 24, 1817; William Chenoweth, S. E. 25, 17, 1, 100 acres,
September 24, 1817; Abram Chenoweth, N. E. 20, 17, 1, 157.83
acres, September 24, 1817; Abram Chenoweth, N. W. 20, 17,
1, 157.83 acres, Septembor 24, 1817; Abram Chenoweth, S. W.
20, 17, 1, 127.83 acres, September 24, 1817; Jeremiah Cox, Sec-
tion 19. 20, 15, 040 acres, February 0, 1818; Abram Peacock, N.
E. 30, 20, 15. 100 acres, April 15, 1818; Henry Hill, E. S. E.
30, 20, 15, 80 acres, April 15. 1818; Amos Peacock, P]. N. E. 31,
20, 15, 80 acres, April 15, 1818; Benoni Hill, E. S. E. 31, 20,
15, 80 acres, April 1.^), 1818; Jeremiah Cox, S. E. 18, 20, 15,
100 acres, May 29, 1818; Christopher Baker, AV. S. E. 20, 20,
15, SO acres, May 17, 1818; Joshua Cox, W. N. W. 30, 20, 15,
80 acres, December 10, 1822; Amy Cox, W. N. E. 29, 20, 15,
80 acres, September 24, 1824; Jefferson L. Summers, N. W, N.
E. 33, 17, 1, 39.04 acres, April 12, 1820; Solomon Cox, E. N.

13. 29, 20, 15, 80 acres. May 10, 1820; Joshua Buckingham, E.
N. E. 0, 19, 15, 79.00 acres, August 11, 1820.

The rest of the township, i. e., the great body of the land
therein, lay vacant for several years, being entered chiefly from
1834 to 1838.

The first entry in the county seems to have been made within
the present bounds of AV'ayne Township. The location is about a
mile west of Harrisville, on the White River. How the man
who made the entry got away in there, so far from any settle-
ment, and why he entered that particular (juarter-section, would
be interesting at this day to know, but probably the facts will bo
forever hidden i n the tomb of the forgotten past. Th is entry was
made more than a year before the first settlement, which took place
in April, 1814, and some fifteen miles southeast, on Nolan's
Fork.

M. Moffitt did not settle on the land he had entered— not at
that time, at any rate.

The next entry was made by the Chenoweths, directly east of
Bartonia, on Greenville Creek, being Section 20, 17, 1, a part of
which is still owned and occupied by the widow of Abram Chen-
oweth, who died a few years ago. Abram Chenoweth, the father

of the -Ibraiu of later days, entered three quarter-sections in Sec-
tion 20. on both sides of Greenville Creek, in 1817.

Daring the winter following (February 6, 1818), Jeremiah
Cox, of Wayne County, who had been employed in milling for
years in that region, came up to White River, a mile or two;
above Harrisville, and entered a whole section — Ssction 19, '20,
15— on both sides of the river, with a view of erecting mills after,
awhile in that new county— a purpose which he accomplished
about 1825.

The same year, April 15, 1818, Abram and Amos Peacock and
Henry and Benoni Hill made entries and effected a settlement
shortly after, i. e., in 1818. They are supposed to have been the
first actual settlors in Wayne Township.

The growth of this region was but slow. After the Cheno-
weth entries and the Jericho colony, but little was done till many
years later. The Chenoweth land was not settled till more than
twenty years later (1840). The Coxes, the Peacocks and Hills
came iiihoia Wayne County and the south, but the next consid-
erable movement entered the territory south of Union City, break-
ing across the line from Ohio and the East.

The Chenoweth who entered the land so early in AVayne
Township (September 24, 1817), lived near Spring Hill, Darke
Co., Ohio. He was the grandfather of Abram Chenoweth, who
died a few years ago, south of AVilliam A. Macy's, near Green-
ville Creek.

The first Chenoweth who resided on the land was Abram
Chenoweth, cousin of the one spoken of just above. He made
the settlement about 1840, and the other one, whose widow lives
there now, came later.

By the end of 1820, only eighteen entries had been made,
and that by fourteen persons. Those entries comprised about
thirty-one hundred acres. Nearly all, or 2,050 acres, wore taken
ap in a few months, almost at first, from September 24, 1817, to
May 29, 1818, by the settlement of Friend.s. They lived there,
nearly in seclusion, for years, having communication with the
AVhite River settlers toward the west, but not much any other
way, except, indeed, to go to the AVhitewater Mills for grinding,
and the AVhitewater Yearly Meeting for religious purposes.

The first religious meeting in Wayne Township was probably
that of the Friends, at Jericho, and the first school the one in
their meeting-house.

There are not many churches in this township. There are,
outside of Union City, only four —Methodist, at Bartonia;
Friends', at Jericho; Christian, at Harrisville; and Disciple, at
Salem. The Friends began their society about 1820; the church
at Bartonia was built about 1850; the one at Harrisville, about
1800; ^nd the one at Salem, perhaps about 1855.

The schools in Wayne Township are in a good condition.
Four of the schoolhouses have been lately built now. They are
substantial and sightly edifices, well suited to their purpose.

The Trustees of AV'ayne Township have been Robert Murphy,
Alexander Gullott, Jacob A. Macy, William Turner and Robert
McKee. Mr. McKee is building (fall of 1881) two new school-
houses of brick.

Township 19, Range 15— Section 4, 1832-35; Section 5,
1833-38; Section 6, 1826-37, Joshua Buckingham August 11,
1826; Section 7, 1826-30, George AV. Farrens, October 17, 1820;
Section 8. 1833-37, Stanton Bailey, September 16, 1833; Section
9, 1831, Stanton Bailey, October 4, 1831.

Township 20, Range 15— Sections 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 21, 28, 1830
-37; Sections 0, 8, 10, 1880; Sections 15, 17, 1837; Section 10,
school land; Section 18, 1812-37, Jeremiah Moffatt, December 1,
1812, below Harrisville, on AVhite River, first entry in the county
by some fourteen months; Section 19, 1818, Jeremiah Cox, next
up the river from Harrisville, one and one-half miles from that
town. Cox's Mill built in 1825; Section 20, 1819-37, C. Baker,
1819; Section 29, 1824-38, Amy Cox; Sections 30, 31, 1818-38,
Henrv Hill, Amos Peacock, Benoni Hill, April 15, 1818; Section
32, 1835-38; Section 33, 1835-37.

Township 17, Range 1 west— Sections 1, 2, 14, 1835-37;

Section 3, school section; Section 10, 1830; Sections 11, 12,

I 1831-38, AVilliam Kennon, Isaac Gullett; Section 15, 1830-37;

426

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Section 22, 1833-37; Section 23, 1834-37; Soetions 24, 26,
1817-35, William Chenoweth, September, 1817; Section 25,
1817-3(5, William Clienoweth, 1817; Section 27, 1831-35, James
Green, September 10, 1831; Section 33, 1837.

Township IS, Range 1 west— Section 23, 1830-33, James
Emerick and John Sheets, January 15, July 6, 1830; Section
24. 1831-37, John Shoots, September 21, 1831; Section 25, 1835
-30, John Royer, September 21, 1835; Section 20, 1832-30,
Thomas Peden, October 2, 1832; Sections 35, 30, 1830-37.

The towns in Wayne Township are, or have been, Bartouia,
Harrisvillo, Randolph, Salem and Union City. We describe
them in order:

i?art(>»/a.— Edwai-d Barton, proprietor; A. D, Way, surveyor;
location, junction of Spartansburj; & Arba pike with Greenville
State road; twenty-seven lots; r^coi'ded October 1, 1849; sti-eets,
none named in the plat. Distances; Spartansburg, four miles;
Union City, seven and one-third miles; Winchester, eight miles;
Harrisville, six miles; Siu'atoga, four and three-fourths miles;
Arba, seven and fo\u--lifths miles. The town is located at the
point whore the Richmond pike running northward reaches the
Greenville & Winchester road, and stands upon Section 20, 17, 1.
Some business has been done in years past, but not very much.
A store, a smith shop, a wagon shop, a physician, a post oflSce
and a church have been thero'muoh of the time for twenty-tive or
thirty years. At one time there were two stores, a smith shop,
a cabinet shop, a turning shop, a post oflSce, a meeting-house
and two physicians. But litclo is loft at present. The town has
dwindled, many of the dwellings ai-e removed, the others decayed
and things are in a dull way indeed. There are now one store,
one smith shop, one post office and one chiu'ch (Methodist Epis-
copal). Principal residents near are AV. S. Morton, we.st; T. S.
Kennon, northwest; John Hartman, north; James Ruby, south;
Daniel Stockdale, south; Richard Stockdale, southwest; Graves,
Esq., west; Mr. Chonowoth, oast; Branson Anderson, east;
Reagan, east.

Bai-tonia is one of the polling places of Wayne Township,
the other two being Union City and Harrisvillo. Bartonia is
half a mile east of the site of the old town of Randolph, which,
however, lias been extinct for thirty years or more. The coun-
try around is rolling and fertile, and the residents iU'e thrifty
and prosperous, and some possess a comfortable fortune.

Havrinrilh'. — Location, in Wayuo Township, upon Sections
17, 18, Town 21), Range 15; on the Boo Lino Railroad, four
miles west of Union City, and seven miles east of Winchester;
recorded June 17, 1854, Job Hai-ris, proprietor; E. L. Watson,
surveyor; seventeen lots. Dickinson's Addition, William Dick-
inson', proprietor; recoided August 18, 1854; E. L. Watson, sui--
veyor; streets, north and south. Elm; east and west, North; lots
eighteen to thirty-five, eighteen lots. J. Alexandei-'a Addition,
Joseph Alexander, proprietor; thirteen lots; recorded Novem-
))or 17, 1877; streets, east and west. Main; north and south. Mill
and Sugar. Distances; Union City, fom- and one-half miles;
]5artonia, six miles; Winchester, six and one-half miles; Sara-
toga, live and one-half miles; Arba, thirteen and a half miles;
Spnrtansbui-g, ton miles; New Pittsburg, ton miles.

The town arose with the Belief ontaiue Railroad. The busi-
ness of the town was but little at lirst, and the improvement of
the village has since been slow. There is but one public road,
and that running north and south across the railroad track. The
town is too near Union City to command much business. How-
ever, some growth has been attained, and it has become the cen-
ter of a meager trade. Two small additions have been made to
the plat of the village, indicating an increase of pop\ilatiou.
The antecedents and cxammoncoment of the place are as follows;
In 1841, just forty-ono years ago, and about ten years before the
birth of the town, two small cabins stood upon the site where
now api)oais the hamlet of Harrisvillo. One was occujiiod by
Michael Ingle, father of Philip luglo, still a resident of the
town. Mr. Ingle died of cholera some years afterward on the
Mississippi. The other settler was William Dickinson, who lived
nenr where the church now stands. Othoin came and at length

Job Han-is. About 1851, Job Han-is undertook to open a small
store. Heshortly afterward laid out the town. Before long, Will-
iam Locke set up a blacksmith shop, and Wilham Benson built
a saw-mill. Mahlon Fous followed, making pumps, and some-
times tried his hand at repairing wagons. Dr. Dreer undertook
to practice medicine, and Mr. Bone made and mended shoes.
Job HaiTia kept a post office. Here we have the pictm-o of the
town in its earlier years, and truth compels us to state that the
business of the ambitious little " ville " is not greatly more ox-
tensive at the present day. Some increase indeed there has
been. The saw-mill was burned. Mr. Keistor built another.
That, too, was burned, and ho built still another, attaching to
it a grist-mill, and the two in one are there to-day. One store
has sufficed for the trade of the town until the spring of 1881,
and now there are two. A church (Christian) was formed in
1865, and a meeting-house was erected by them in 1800. Mr.
Keister built a warehouse in 1880 and bought some grain.
There are a smith shop and a post office, and the pump-maker
continues his vocation; there are a physician and a clergyman
and a Justice of the Peace, and the mill still rears its head amid
the dwellings of the place. About twenty-iive residences are
found upon the various streets, and (he church opens its hal-
lowed doors for tlie services of religion. In those twenty-riv(!
residences, one hundred and nine people find a home and a rest-
ing-place, so that, take it all in all, Harrisville is quite a town
— much more tlian many a one that persists in maintaining a
name and a place in the world

Its merchants have been Messrs. Harris, Benson, Millett. Parker
& Horner, Hullingor, Eyingor, Sutton, Albright, Ackols. The
physicians have been Messrs. Dreer, Adams, HuUinger, St-.itos,
Owens. Blacksmiths: Messrs. Locke, Frazior, Kelzy, Robinson.
Those now doing business are as follows: Soiling goods, Messrs.
Albright and Ackles; physician, Dr. Owen; clergyman, Rev. D.
S. Davenport, Christian; blacksmith, Mr, Robinson; pumpma-
ker. Mahlon Fous; miller, Mr. Keister; gristmill, Smith Bros,
reside at Union City; Postmaster, Mi-. Albright; grain dealer,
Mr. Keis.er. Its citizens seem to have been attached to the
place. Philip Ingle has resided here from the first. Mahlon
Fous and William Locke also. Sir. Keistor and Mr. Daven-
port have been here some fifteen years. No liquor is sold
in the town. The Bee-Linn Railroad passes through the place,
and furnishes to the vicinity the convenience of a daily mail.
No pike extends to the town, but it stands between two, the near
est about a mile ofi". AVhon the citizens will arouse and put in
that " gaj)." they will have free intorcouroe both by gravel piko
and by rail with the whole boundless continent. May the wisli
and anxious hope erelong become a blest reality. Their school
is about a half a mile away.

Wayne Township is divided into five voting ])rocinct8, and
the polling places are Bartonia, Harrisvillo and throe at Union
City. The great body of the voting is done' at tlio latter place,
though Union City is near one corner of the township. In pop-
ulation, Harrisvillo ranks twelfth iu Randolph County, the towns
with more people being Union City, Winchester, Farmland, Lynn,
Spai-tan.sburg, Morristown, Huntsville, Bloomingsport, Saratoga,
Windsor. Messrs. Smith, proprietors of the foundry and ma-
chine shop at Union City, have lately (1882) fitted up a fine
grist-mill at Harrisvillo. and they seem likely to command a
good patronage and to achieve a substantial success for them-
selves, as well as to furnish a convenience to the region in which
it is situated.

Settlers near Harrisville; William Dickinson and Michael
Ingle came to the neighborhood about 1837. Samuel Conkling
came from New Jer.sey about 1830, settling oast of Whitesell's
Graveyard; ho raised ten children, and died in 1800, aged sev-
onty-thi-oe. Thomas Welch the same year; ho was an old man
and died soon after; his sou took the farm and resided there until
he died, three years ago. William Martin came about 1835, living
near the second ioll-gate, west of Union ; he died in 1872, sixty-six
years old, Joel Elwell came from New Jeraey in September, 1838 ;
iiHB been twice married, and has had eleven children, ten grown,
seven married and six living. His first wife was Elizabeth Hus-
ton, and the second wife M.-u-y Cole, marriwl in 1 878. Mr. El wel !

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

was bom in 1800, and is now in his seventy-sixth year. George
Whitesell came in 1841; he settled two and a half miles north-
east of Hnrrisvillo; had fourteen children, twelve grown and
eleven married — seven living; he was born in 17'J0, in North
Carolina, and died in 1803, seventy-three years old. He and
his wife both died in Fountain County, Ind., in about a month
after their removal thither, she being about si.Kty-five years old;
his son, Tobias Whitesell. resides at Harrisvillo. Jacob White-
sell came to the neighborhood about 1830, settling near the
Whitesell Cemetery, west of Union City, on the north pike; he
died in 1877. in his seventy-ninth year, and Mary, his wife, in
1803, in her seventy-second year. Ezra Coddington came about
1855, from Richland County, Ohio; he is an old man, with a
family of seven grown children. Much of tha land north of
Harrisville was owned and held by speculators, and thus was
kept from occupancy. Some of it came into actual use only so
late as 1880.

Raiidnlph (o\d). — One mile west of Bartonia, on Greenville
State road, on the east side of the "Old Boundary," Section
27, Town 17, Range 1; John McKim. James Green, proprie-
tors; fom-teeu lots; recorded May 20, 1836; streets, east and
west. Main (State road); north and south. Main Cross. Dis-
tances: Winchester, eight miles; Bartonia, one-half mile; Spar-
tansburg, four miles; Union City, nine miles,

Randolph was probably the fii-st town laid out in Wayne Town-
ship, but the business was never considerable. In 1840, there
were two stores and one hotel, but probably nothing else. The
hotel was kept by Bailey, and the stwres were by Bailey and Mc-
intosh The town did" not prosper, and was wholly extinct by
1852. Atone time, James Polly kept hotel in the town. It is a
curious reminiscence of thai old dead town that one of its lots
was sold for taxes, and was bid off for a dollar or so by an old
colored man named AVilliam Lewis, and he undertook to make
it a residence, hauling logs there to build a house. The owner
of the farm which included the town forbid him entering upon
the lot, and he never made good his title to the promises. What
a man with plenty of money could have done, cannot now be
told, but the colored man had to succumb and lose his dollar,
and his labor in hauling the logs to boot. Citizens in the vicin-
ity are Messrs. Graves, Mote, Kennou, Jlorton, Shockney, etc.
The country is slightly rolling and slowly improving. There is
no pike near the place, and no road but the State road, which in
muddy weather is terrible. An old graveyard is near the town,
which is still in use. Many of the residents in the region are
thriving farmers. Messrs. Kennon. Shockney and Morton are
especially prominent and enterprising.

Salem. — Location, Sections 11 and 12, Town 17, Range 1,
southwest of Union City, east of "Old Boundary." Nine lots;
plat recorded December 25. 1849, David Polly, proprietor; no
streets named in the plat. Polly's Addition, David Polly, pro-
prietor; seven lots (ten to fifteen inclusive); recorded October 5,
1858. Salem is located on the road running east from Jeri-
cho, three miles from the latter place. Mcintosh & Polly had
a store there in 1847. The town began about 1850. A post
office was established about 1852 by the name of Balaka. Silas
Gist had a cabinet shop. J. Locke had a smith shop. The
I)ersons who have sold goods there have been D. Polly, Mcintosh,
Wiggs & Polly, Joseph Shaw, Elijah Frazier, Hardin Law,
Downing & Harkrider, Alfred Dixon. Montgar. The black
smiths have been J. Locke, Joshua Harlan, Amos Coughren,
Thompson, William Anderson and others. Cabinet shops: Silas
Gist, John T. Adams, Springer, Harlan, etc. AVagon shop,
Harlan. There has been a Disciples' Church thirty years or
more, which has lately been revived. Among the settlers
in the region have been Benjamin Dixon, Silas Dixon, Samuel
Downing, Robert Mm-phy, William Woodbury. 1839; Nathan
P. Woodbury, 1839; Edwin R. AVoodbury, 1839; Peter ^oover,
Ezekiel Gullett, Samuel Gullett, David Polly, 1840; Barnahill
Polly, 1840. The town was begun mostly in the woods, and did
some business for a time, but it has had the common fate -^f
small towns near, but not on, a railroad. Business has all died
out. A few old houses remain, most of which have families liv-
ing in them. The store, the smith shop, the post nffico, all are

gone. Only the church remains, in which services are held at
iiTegular intervals. Salem is about four and a half miles from
Union City, in a southwest direction. There is no pike near the
town. Only mud roads exist there, and the country being level
and the surface clay, the highways are, in the wet seiison, nearly
impassable. The country thirty years ago was mostly in the
woods, but improvement has gradually made its way till there
are now good farms and comfortable residences to be fonn,d in
the vicinity. A saw-mill has been in operation in the neighbor-
hood for thirty years, until within a year or two, but now it is gone.
In 1852, teams used to come down through the woods — roads
newly cut out and bridged up a little, from Union City, that had
just started, after lumber to help to build the infant town. The
immense lumber yards that are now the pride and the wonder of
the thriving city, had not then boon thought of. Alfred Lenox,
in 1852, went from Union to Pollytown (as it was then called)
and hauled a load of lumber to Union City, with six yoke of
oxen. The load was a whopper, and men did not believe that he
would get the load through, Isut he did. The region around is
similar to the rest of this part of the country — somewhat level
and inclined to be low, and needing good thorough draining, but
improving gradually, and having some good farms and building.
HayesvUle — Is a little suburb of Union City, Ind., located
about a mile southwest of that town, at the junction of the south
pike leading to Winchester and the new pike, extending from
the south line of the county northward to Union City. It has
grown up within six or eight yeai's, having been named at the
inauguration of Pre.sident Hayes, in March, 1877. The state-
ment is made that the people there resolved that, if Hayes should
be deslared elected, their suburb should be christened Hayes-
ville, and if not, the name should be Elizabethtown. The place
contains a store, a smith shop, a toll-gate, a schoolhouse and
eight or ton dwellings not far olf. Of course, the ch)se proxim-
ity prevents business from centering there, yet it is a neat and
pleasant hamlet, the houses being comparatively new and the
residents (£uiet and industrious citizens.

.J.A.Mi:S ALEX ^NUER, a promioent farmer uf Wayne Townsliip, was born
in Warren County, Ohio. ,Janu:iry 8, 1818, heing a son of Daniel and Saraii
Alexander, wlio removed from tlie county of their nativity to Preble County,
Dhio, in 182:i, and not very long afterward to Warren County, in the same
State. Daniel Alexander was a farmer, and .James grew up a farmer's son,
sharing from boyhood the labors and hardships of those rough and rugged
days. His marriage occurred September 2, 1840, with .Miss Julia A., daughter
of .Jacob Alexander. Kight children have been born to them, and six of the
eight survive, viz., Millon II., Mary ,(., Sarah E., Hugh T., Henry J, and
.James B. Mr. Alexander is not an early pioneer of Randolph County, emi-
gr.ating thither not till 18-51 : some portions of the county, however, were still
uncleared, and he managed to settle in the wools, even at that lute day. His
wife and self are mem hei-s of the Christian (Ncw-Light) Chutch, and he is, in poli-
tics, a Republican. Mr, Alexander is a modest and retiring, yet an estimable
and reliable citizen.

BRANSON' ANDEKSON. Born in 1814, in North Carolina, he came lo
Randolph County, Ind., in 18.13; he entered forty acres adjoining .John Hart-
man's old place on the west, but resides at the present time on the Greeneville
State road, east of Bartonia. Mr. Anderson married Hester <;recn, in 1842,
and they have had ten children, five of whom are still living. He now owns
eighty acres, where he has his residence ; he is a substanial farmer, and a re-
liable, life-long Democrat.

JOHN ANDERSON, born in 1785 in Maryland j went to North Carolina
when young; married Priscilla Sexton about 1802; came to Richmond, Ind.,
1829; came to Randolph County in 1833; settled north of Greenville Creek, near
.Vbram Chenowcth's (Jacob Macy farm), entering forty acres of land there.
He had twelve children, all grown, and ten married before he died. His children
wereeight boys and fourgirls. He died in 18.50, and his wife in 186y, at the age
of seventy-seven years ; she was buried in Hoover's Graveyard. Mr. Anderson
was a Democrat.

LEVEN BARTON (father of Mrs. Norton, of Bartonia) came (o Bartonia
about 1850, or probably sooner; he lived there about two years, then moved to
Iowa, and died there. Edward Barton, son of Leven Barton, carae to Ran-
dolph l>)unty, Ind., about 1846. He laid out Bartonia in 1849 (plat recorded
October 1, 1849), and resided there about six years, and then removed lo Iowa,
in 1852, and died there. He was an enterprising citizen, a member of the
Methodist Church and an excellent, upright and trustworthy man.

JACOB BENNETTIives south of the toll-gate southwest of Union City,
near Hayesville. He was born in Virginia in 1800 ; came to Meigs County,
'Ohio, in 1840; moved to .Jay County, Ind., in 1850; moved to Mercer County,
Ohio, in 1852, and to liandolph County, Ind,, in 1866. He married Rachel
McLaughlin in 1830, who died in 1854 ; he then married Hizabeth Beechan in
1855. He has hod fourteen children, of whom ten are now living. Mr. Bennett
has been an active, enterprising farmer all his life. He owns 140 acres of land,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

n Upisoopal MethodiBi, and has been a Methodist local

HENRY BORKET was born in
of laaao and Catharine Burket, the I
latter of Ohio. Mr. Burket was rail
education. In 1854, he married Mi

1 fan

m he had five cl

■e members of the German Reform

, by wl

..._, „ His wife died on April 12, 1870, nnu on

the 17th of Ihe following September he married Mrs. Rachel A. Grim, by whom
he has three children, all living. Mr. Burket has, since 1854, been the owner
of a saw-mill, but in business he is classed as a farmer, living on his own farm
of 160 acres, three miles west of Union City, and besides this h
in Uarke County, Ohio. He and his wife a
Church.

ELIHA CAMMACK. son of .John Ciiramack, born in Arha in 1817; mar-
ried Rebecca Wiggsin 1837. Lived near Arbaon Ihe old farm till he moved to his
present home on the State road, east of Barlonia, in 1848, in the green woods.
He now owns 108 acres there, 80 aires near Sparlansburg, besides several
tracts of land elsewhere. He has resided where he now lives thirly-four years
(except that he sold goods at Arba a few years, returning in 1873). He has
been Commissioner of Randolph County ten years. He has a fine young vine-
yard with several hundred vines, giving splendid promise for the future. He
is supposed to be the oldest living person native of Randolph and now resid-
ing in its limits. His wife was sick for years, lay very low for many months,
and finally died in the summer of 1880. They have had six children — lohn
Henry, born in 1838, twice married and has six children, is a farmer and saw-
miller, Wayne Township, near his father's: Francis Marion, born in 184.3, has
three children, railroad clerk, Sidney, Ohio; Martha Ann, born in 1845, died
an infant; George Washington, born in 1848 ; William Winfteld, born in 1861,
three children, farmer, lives one mile north of his father, near Greenville
Creek ; Elmena Henrietta, born in 1855, unmarried, and lives with her father.
Mr. Cammaok is a fine specimen of the sturdy Western farmer and business
man, prompt, active, firm, public-spirited and energetic, hewing his steadfast
way through hardship and toil to comfort and independence. His father and
uncles were among the earliest settlers of Randolph County, near Arba. His
father, John Cammack, entered land in 1814 or 1815. near Arba, and his uncle
.lames entered his land near the same place. Of course Gliha Cammack look
thebruntof pioneer life from the very stjirt, witnessing and experiencing its
many trials (and its pleasures as well) from the very beginning; for with nil
the hardships incident to such a life, inconceivable and well-nigh incredible to
the present generation, there were also sourcs of delight open to those stal-
wart pionee-K, affording them much enjoyment, and rendering them clieerful
ond contented with their lot, and even thankful and happy for all their bless-
ings. E. C. was married in the fall of 1881. in Iowa, to a lady with the same
nome as himself. Mr. C. U sixty-four years of age, in the vigor of mature
manhood, still hale and strong and giving promise of enjoying many years to
come in the land of the living. He was, in old limes, a Whig, and for years
past a Republican, possessing a vigorous and independent mimi, and command,
ing the respect and esteem of all who know him. Mr. Cammack, in December,
1881, removed to Iowa, because — well, because his wife lives there, and be-
cause—which is natural, you know — he wished to live where his wife does.

ABRAM I. CHENOWETH.

Abram I. (yhenoweth, Ihe first of Ihe Chenowelh taniily of whom we have
any record, came from England to America in 1720. They were two brothers,
named Arthur and Richard Cheuoweth, wao settled in Berkeley County, Va..
and each married and had cevernl children. Arthur had several sons, named
James, John, Abraham, William Thomas, Arthur and Richard. The fifth son,
Thomas Chenoweth, married Mary Pricket, who bore him twelve children,
namely. Martha, Sarah, Mary, John, Thonnis, Arthur, Richard, William, Elijah,
Ann, Hannah and Abraham. This youngest son, Abraham Chenowiih married
Ite'-ecoa Herr, May 1, 1700. They had fjurteen children, whose names were,
Martha. William, Jacob, Ann, John, Susannah, Mary, Noah, Sarah Hannah,
Abraham, Rebecca, Joel and Gideon. Their thirl son, John (."henoweth, mar-
ried Mary Barger, April 13, 1820, and by her had six children, nimely, William,
Jacob B., Abraham J.. John B., Susan and Rebe-ica. John Chenoweth, the
falher, died on the 26th day of January, 1851, and of the children, William
died February 20, 1837, nnd .lohn B. died August 7, 1863. The mother died
October 12. 1876. The others of the family are yet living.

Of Ihe last above-named children, Abraham J. I'henoweth is the subject of
this sketch, and was born in Pike Countv, Ohio, on Ihe 9lh of July, 1826.
When qui'o young, his parents removed to Darke County, Ohio, and settled in
Washington Township. Here he grew up, surrounded by Ihe privations of a
frontier life, and accustomed to the labor and toil of the backwoods. He was
educated in Ihe primitive schools of that day, and acquired Ihe rudiments of
an education On the 2')th day of August, 1848, he was married to Miss Olia
Harris, a native of Campbell County, Va., and the daughter of Benjamin and
Susan Harris, who were among the pioneers of this counly. From this mar-
riage have sprung eight children, six of whom are living.

In November, 1848, Mr. Chenoweth came to this county and settled on Ihe
)r of Section 26, in Wayne Township. Of this land.

red fr

is father

sighly a(

»nd by p
■ nd w

. • eighty. The Inn

Mr. C. cut away the underbrush and tr
into which he removed and began the work of life. As a
iiently successful. To the original homestead he added o
Ihe lime of his death he was the owner of 576 acres.

:. Clienoweth united with the M. E. Church when he

of ngc, and for I

irlyei

a years. He was exact in all hie
is acquaintances, a kind-hearted and gen-
He died of typhoid fever November 'J, 1878, and his mortal re-

mains were followed to their final earthly resting-place in Union Cily Cemetery,
by a large and sympathiiing company of sorrowiug relatives and frieod.".

Mrs. Celia H. Chenoweth was born iu (Umpbell Counly, Va., March 1,
1828, and is the daughter of Benjamin and Susan Harris. When she was in
her eighth year, her parents moved to Warren County, Ohio, and in the same
year l« Greene Counly, from which place, after a short sojourn, they removed
to Randolph Counly in 1836, and settled on a piecb of land in Washington
Township. She received suoh education as the common schools of that day
couM afford, and grew up as the daughter of an early settler. When ten years
of age, she united with the M. E. Church, and has ever since remained a member.
On the 25th day of August, 1848, she was married, to Abraham J. Chenoweth,
with whom she lived a ple-vsant, useful and prosperous life of a little more than
thirty years, and whose respected and honored widow she now is. Her resi-
dence is yet on the old homestead, where she receives from her neighbors the
respect and esteem which her virtues merit, and where she enjoys the compe-
tence which her industry and economy helped to accumulate.

JOHN T. CHENOWETH, born in Maryland in 1826. He came to Ran-
dolph Counly, Ind,. in 1840. He was ihrice married, to Rhoda Parker in 1847,
to Hester Ramsey in 1852, and to Emily Lawrence in 1859. They have had
eleven children, five of whom are living Mr C. is a Methodist and a Repub-
lican, tliriving in business, and respected and esteemed in sooiil life. He is a
farmer by vocation; has been Assessor for both Green's Fork and Wayne
Townships, and came within a few votes of obtaining the R'?publioan nomina
tion for Commissioner of Randolph County. Three of his brothers were in
the Union army. Benjamin F., Fifty-seventh Indiana Infantry, had a finger
shot off; discharged Jane 22, 186). George W., Sixty-ninlh Indiana Infantry,
taken prisoner and released on parole at Richmond, Ky.. August 80, 1862;
wounded at Thomson's Hill, not very far from Grand Gulf, Miss., May 1 , 1863 ;
died May 14, 1863, of the wound received as before stated. Joshua B. joined
the Eighty-fourth as a recruit. Account rf land owned by the William Cheno-
weth family : John T. Chenowelh, Wayne 'Township, Jericho, 265 acres ; W. C.
Chetiowetli, Green's Fork Township, 120 aores; Sirah Ann (Banks), Darke
County, Ohio, 240 acres ; Charles W. Chenowelh. Green*'s Fork Township. 200
acres; Oliver M. Chenowelh, Green's Fork Township, 180 acres; Edwin M.
Chenoweth Wayne Township, 140 acres; Benjamin F. Chenoweth, Green's
Fork Township, 76 acres ; Joshua B. Chenoweth, Wayne Counly, 155 acres ;
homestead. Green's Fork Township. 236 acres ; Henrietta K. (Brown), Wayne
County (dead), HiO acres. Total, 1,762 aores. The Chenowelh family held a
large and interesting re-union August 26, 1882, at the old homestead near
Arba, Ind. The family is numerous and widespread, and they belong to the
enterprising and influential portion of the community.

OTIS COATS was born in While River Township, this counly, October 26.
1842, and is a son of Isaac and Norena C .ats. He was brought up on a farm,
and, in common with the boys of his neighborhood, recelted his education in
the common schools, and for three years was a teacher. On July 31, 1867, he
married Miss Catharine Davenport, daughter of Rev. D. S. Davenport, mention
of whom is made elsewhere in this book. They have six children, and are
both members of the Christian Church. Mr. Coals is now engaged in farming.

ANCESTRY OF EZRA CODDINGTON.
William Coddinglon (grandfather of Ezra Coddington. resident of Wayne
Township, Randolph Co., Ind.), was born February 8, 1761, and died in 1827.
Hannah Coddington, wife of William Coddinglon, was born September 26,
1754. Their children were as follows: Isaac, born December 19, 1774, and
died April 12, 1797; John, born April 4, 1777, and died in Illinois in 1846 at
the age of sixty-five years: Betsey, born January 14, 1780; Robert, born
December 10, 1781, died .March 10, 1782; Banjamin,born June 19, 1788, died
March 3, 1855, aged seventy-two ; Martha, born December 6, 1786, died in two
months. Benjamin Coddinglon was the father of Ezra Coddington. Benjamin's
wife, Martha. w« born February 12, 1786, and died October 15, 1820, aged forty
years. Their children were as follows: Abraham, born June 14, 1806 (Ezra
Coddinglon's oldest brother) ; Hannah, born Juno 12, 1807, living, has
twelve children ; Ezra, born May 12, 1809, is living, and has had seven chil-
dren; Aza, born July 28, 1811, living, was never married, resides in Ran-
dolph Counly, Ind.; John, bori May 30, 1815, died May 31, 1836, aged
twenty-one years one day ; Lydia, born October 10, 1816, died April 14, 1861,
having had nine children; Samuel, born September 21, 1820, died July 16,

1803, four children; Effee, born December 10, 1822, living, has four chil-
dren; Elizabeth, horn June 26, 1825, living, has two children; Eleanor,
horn in 1827, died in 1878, eight children ; Sarah, born in 1829, died in 1876.
Thus, Ezra Coddinglon was one of eleven children, only six of whom are now
living. An ancestor, probvbly the earliest in America of the family, was Will-
iam Coddington. who, with eighteen others removing from Mii8.sachu8elts to
Narraganselt Bay, purchased Aquitneok, settling in 1638, and of Ihe little
colony, William Coddinglon was chosen their first Governor. From him, as the
original stock, are reckoned to have sprung the various branches of the con-
nection throughout the country. Ezra Coildington's great-grandfather, whose
name also was William Coddington, resiled in New Jersey, where the family

Governor of Aquitneck and its infant colony, we are unable to trace. Ezra's
grandfather, afier his marriage, moved from New Jersey to Maryland some
time after the Revolutionary war, nnd after his marriage, which latter event
occurred, however, before the war, say 1772 or 1773. as his oldest child was
born in 1774. His subsequent life was spent in Maryland, but the date of his
death is to us unknown. He wm well-lo-do, having been Ihe owner of 80O
acres of land. Ezra's father, Benjamin Coddington, was born probably in New
Jersey, and was taken by his fath-^r to Maryland upon their removal ihilher.
Benjamin Coddington. father of Ezra R. Coddington, being married about

1804, removed from Maryland to Perry County, Pike Township, Ohio, sixty
miles south of CoUimbus In 1816, remaining In the same county till his death
in 1855. Ezra Coddlngton's grandfither, William Coddington, was a soldier

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

through the entire war of the Revolution, being probably in the naval service.
His great-grandfather's children were Robert, William, Benjamin, Betsey,
Samuel — only live. The connection has been numerous, influential, and
spread extensively through the country.

EZRA R. CODDINGTON, a farmer of Wayne Township, was born May 12,
1809, in Alleghany County, Md.; ho is the son of Benjamin and Elizabeth
^on, who settled in Perry County, C"
lis early education in the log-cabin i
1884 married Elizabeth J. Kennedy. They
foor of whom are now living, viz., Elizabeth, Nelson, iiiamuel and Juslioa.
Mr. Coddington came to Randolph County, Ind., in 18-54; he has a farm of
thirty-five acres under good cultivation. He is a member of the Christian
Church, and in politics is a Republican, having been a Whig during the exis-
tence of that party.

JACOB CONKLYN is a native of this county, and was born April 14,
1846, being a son of Samuel and Catharine Conklyn. who were among the first
settlers of the county. He received a common-school eduoniion, and in 18B5
was married to Miss Mary A. Ingall, by whom he has had six children, four of
whom are living. Mr. Conklyn is a successful farmer, living on his own farm
of 140 acres, three miles west of Union City, and, with his wife, is a member
of the Christian Church at Harrisville.

WASHINGTON CONKLYN is a native of Randolph County, being com-
paratively a young man, and horn April 17, 18.50; he was brought up on
his father's farm, and is himself a farmer. His father, Samuel Conklyn (de-
ceased) was a native of New Jersey, marrying, in 1831, Miss Sarah Smith,
born in Ohio. They had six children, four of whom are still alive— Harriet,
Catharine, Angeline and Washington. Samuel Conklyn was one of the earli-
est settlers of 'Wayne Township outside of Jericho, coming in 1834, when resi-
dents in the region were indeed "fewaird far between," and selecting for
himself and his beloved flock a home in the wild and pathless woods. Wash-
ington Conklyn married Miss Julia Engle May 18, 1867, and they are the par-
ents of four children— Sarah E., Sylvester F., William S. and Franklin C. He
is a thriving and enterprising citizen, owning 160 acres of valuable land.

REV. DAVID S. DAVENPORT
was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, October 1, 182.3. His parents, Noah
and Catharine (Stutsman) Davenport, removed to Miami County, Ohio, in the
spring of 18'26, when the infant David was barely eigbteen months old.
When he had reached the age of twelve, they removed again to Elkhart
County, Ind., and, after the lapse of ten years, he returned to the home of his
boyhood, and on the 10th of September, 1846. he married Miss Margaret
Coats. Their family has consisted of nine children, of which number, how-
ever, only three are living, all daughters, viz., Mary J., Martha A. and Catha-
rine. Mr. Davenport united with the Christian (New-Light) Church in 1849,
and belongs to the same denomination still. In 1866, he entered the ministry
and was ordained in 1859. He came to Randolph County in 1865, and soon
afterward organized the church at Harrisville. Through his labors, a large
and prosperous society has been built up, and he is still its pastor, having been
so at different times in all during sixteen years. Mr. Davenport has been in-
cessant in labor both physical and ministerial. While resident in Ohio, he
worked as a cooper. Becominj; involved during the financial crisis, he came
to Randolph well-nigh penniless. Taking up the business of bridge-building
by day and preaching at night, he succeeded in paying his debts, and, more-
over, laid by enough to purchase a small farm ; he now owns sixty-si.K acres of
land, and a dwelling and two lots at Harrisville. He has a good standing in
his denomination, being Treasurer of tho Eastern Indiana Christian Confer,
ence, and also Treasurer of the Indiana State Christian Missionary Board.
Mr. Davenport was a member of the Ohio Home GuarJs who were ordered to
the front by Gov. Brough May 2, 1864; he was in several skirmishes; was
with Hunter at Lynchburg, at Cumberland during the engagement with Early,
etc. Mr. Davenport is still actively and earnestly engaged in the work of
preaching, rejoicing in the good measure of saccess with which the gracious
Lord of the Vineyard has been pleased to vouchsafe to his labor of many years
duration.

BENJAMIN DIXON was born in North Carolina, emigrate! thence to
Butler County, Ohio, and yet again to Randolph County, about 1835. He was
married four times; his wives were Sarah GuUett (sister of Ezekiel Gullett),
the mother of ten children; Sarah Eisenhour, married in Indiana, one child;
Nancy Bright, married in Indiana, no children ; Keziah (V) Barnes, a widow
lady with a family of children. The fourth wife is still living with her son,
John Barnes, at Spartansburg. Mr. Dixon died about 1876 ; he was very old;
his hair white as snow, bis step feeble and tottering and his frame trembling
and decrepit; his surviving widow is also venerable with age. Mr. Dixon's
children were Zilpha, Alfred, Andrew, Levi, Mary (died at twenty-one from
bleeding at the nose), John, Silas, Sarah, Hugh (died at two years). Eight
grew up and were married and had families before any of the eight died.
Mr. Dixon was a farmer by occupation, a Presbyterian in religious profession,
and a Democrat in politics. Failing to maintain a Presbyterian Church, those
who had belonged thereto joined other denominations, and about 18.50 he
attached himself to the Disciple Church, and remained with it till his death.
The older members of the Dixon connection are all dead. The last, Silas, de-
parted this life, a feeble old man, in the winter of 188a-81. The settlers in
1835 were Peier Hoover, John Dixon, Smith Masterson, Mr. Kennon, Robert
Murphy, two families by the name of Powell, James Griffis, John Dixon,
brother of Benjamin Dixon, came before the other members of the connection.

SILAS DIXON was bora in 1800 in North Carolina; came to Butler
County, Ohio, in 1814, and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1840. He has been
married four times ; his wives were .Mary Gullett, Kezia Cirtwright, Mary
Linton and Matilda Macy. They have had four children. He lived for many
years, probably since his first settlement in the county, southwest of Union
City and northeast of South Salem ; he was a farmer. He was afliicted for

years during his old age, and finally died in the early winter of 1880-81, aged
eighty years.

SAMUEL DOWNING, M. D., was horn in Chester Co., S. C, April 6, 1805 ;
his parents were John and Margnret. Toe fai her died in 1870, aged ninety-three
years, and the mother about 1866, also very old. Dr. Downing was one of eight
children. His father came from South Carolina to Bourbon Co., Ky., in 1813, to
New Paris, Preble Co., Ohio, in 1815, and to Darke County, Ohio, in 1817,
which latter point became his permanent residence, Samuel Downing being then
twelve years old. In 1828, he began the study of medicine, privately for the
most part, in which laborious but greatly useful profession he finally achieved
an honorable succe.s. In 1829, he married Elizabeth Baird, and to ihem were
born ten children, seven of whom, as also his wife, survived him. They re-
moved to the wilds of Randolph County, Ind., in 1837, settling four miles
southwest of what is now Union City, lud., near whot afterward became South
Sulem, upon a tract of land containing 215 acres. At first, he was largely a
farmer, but, as the country became more thickly settled, his medical duties
chiefly absorbed his time and strength, for in those baokwoo-ls regions, to ride
on horseback day and night, winter and summer, was no " child's p!<iy," but
the business rather of a robust, stalwart man. February 5, 1843, he was bap-
' the Christian faith by Rev. Elihu Harlan, to which profession he held

wloc

r less SI

0 Miss(

), he

After a

e of s

n that S

Randolph County, Ind., and died alter a slay of eight
months there, July 7, 1871, at the bouse of his son, James L. Downing, at the
age of sixty-six years three months and one day, leaving behind him his wife,'
seven children and twenty five grandchildren to mourn his departure from the
scenes of this mortal life. Dr. Downing was a genuine pioneer from his boy-
hood to his death Born in South Carolina, an emigrant to Kentucky in 1813,
to Ohio in 1815, and to Darke County, Ohio, in 1817, sixty-five years ago,
coming to Randolph County, Ind., where all was wild and new, in 1837, forty-
five years gone by, and to Northern Michigan in 1864, his whole career was
that of one whose talents and whose strength were expended in those hardy
and rugged labors the sternness and vigor of which none but an early settler

if ceaseless energy and unflagging p

ving tfc

n addiii

s felloH
a physic

Randolph County and in .Michigan, performing t!
that station with faithfulness and success. He may have had faults (and who
among men is sinless ?), but they may well be buried, if any indeed there
were, in the tomb of forgetfulness. Be it ours to speak rather of his excel-
lences, which, indeed, were many, and of his praiseworthy chiiracteristics,
which were neither few nor small. While he was frank and outspoken. Dr.
Downing was nevertheless genial, warm-hearted, hospitable and generous,
quick and willing to bestow ever a helping hand, as ready to minister to the

,.. r .L ._j -,jgjy „g to respond to the call of those who could

firm and resolute will, he could not be swerved

_, .nd right, and, during a long and adventurous

life, he was enabled to accomplish important and lasting results of good and
blessing to his fellow-men for which many, now and in time to come, may well
rejoice and bo glad. His family and friends cherish the nemory of his many
virtues with deep and strong affection, and his fellow-citizens mournfully
regret that they have been deprived of his companionship and assistance in the
stern and active duties of life, and that he was cut off in his early old age
from beholding and shariog the grand and triumphant successei of the later
years produced by the abundant and persevering labors and hardships per-
formed and endured by himself and such as he in that rugged older day when
this blooming, smiling Western land was a dark and howling wilderness,

FRANCIS FRAZIEH, bell-maker, was born in 18
came to McCowan's Creek, Ohio, in 1811 ; came

Ind., one mile east of Lynn, in 1817. His father was .James Frazier,
also a bell-maker ; he (F. F.) married Lucinda Claywater in Clinton County,
Ohio, in 1823, and they have had a eleven children, seven of whom are living.
Mr. F. and his wife are both alive, though aged and somewhat feeble. Their
children are as given below : Samuel, born 1824, eight children; John, born
1826, six children, resides in Iowa ; Elisha, born 1827, eight children, resides
at Saratoga, Randolph Co., Ind., ia a farmer and blacksmith ; James, born
1829, seven children, is a farmer; Luciuda, born 1831, one child, she died on
Greensfork ; Cyrus, born 1833, nine children, resides in Kansas, is a farmer;
Hannah, born in 1835, two children, she died in 1870 ; Isaiah, born in 1837,
six children, resides in Iowa, is a farmer ; Thomas, born in 1839, died an in-
fant ; Francis born in 1842, six children, resides in Wayne Township, near his
father's, is a farmer : Elihu, born 1843, four children, lives on his fathers place,
is a farmer. Mr. F. has had fifty-seven grandchildren. F. F. has been a
farmer and a bell-raaker. In his day, he was greatly famous for the excellence of
his bells, and there was a great demand for them, as in those forest days every
herd of cows and sheep, and the horses also, needed a bell to keep the herd to-
gether and to tell the anxious hunter of stock where his wandering herd might
be. Housed to sell readilyall the bells he could make, geitingordersfromadis-
tance which he could not fill. He tells some good stories in his reminiscences of
bells. Mr. F. claims also that ev

)r of be

sredgetl

He is now very old and getting feeble, but he is still a jovial, genial
companion, and an active, humble Christian, trusting God for daily bread, and
waiting on the Lord in humility and sincerity, praising Him for all His tender
mercies, and looking forward in joyful hope to the time now not far in the
future, of final deliverance from all earthly troubles and cares, and of an
abundant entrance into the Heavenly kingdom. F. F. is a member of the

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Friends' Meeting at Jeriolio, and a meek, faiiliful, joyful Christian. He moved
to Wayne Township many years ago. He and his wife have been joined In
inatriiuony fifty-nine years, and they have dwelt in tenderness of connubial,
love and the sweet and happy comfort of holy wedlock, bearing togelher the
sorrows and trials of the family sta.tc in the patience of joyful hope, and look-
ing forward togelher to the time of their glorious deliverance from all the
burdens of this mortal existence, and a blissful entrance into the mausiun»
prepared on the shining shore behind the dark rolling river.

SAMUEL L. FL'LKS is a son of Willi.am Fulks, now a resident of this
county, and was born in Monroe County, Va., on the SSlh day of December,
1850. He was brought uponafarm and educated in the common acliools. In
187(V, he came to this county, and was married to Miss Lucy Chenowith, daugh-
ter of the late Abraham Chenoweth, on August 30, 1872. They have had four
children, one of whom is dead. Mr. Fulks is a farmer, living on his own
farm of sixty-four acres, in Section ^6, this township, and, with his wife, is a
member of the M. K. Church.

PAUL OITTINT.KII (P.O. I'nion City), was born in Baltimore County,
Md., January 25, 1820, being a son of Jacob and Mary E. Gitlinger, who emi-
grated to Darke County, Ohio, in the autumn of 1833, and lo Kjindulph tkiunly,
Tnd., in 1838. They settled in the dense, nearly unbroken forcsl.s of Jackson
Township among the deer, turkeys and wolves, locating in the northeastern por-
tion of the township and of the county. IV fi. was nearly grown when he
came to Randolph County, and h.iving enjoyed some opportunity of early
education, had engaged euun afterward in the business of teaching school, and
continued in that employment (during the winter season) for twenty years.
The Bchoolhou.ies at the time in that new and half-sttllcd region were rude
enough, made of round logs, with puncheon Hoor, olaplioard door, stick chim-
ney, dirt fire-place and hearth and a clapboard roof heM to its place by weight-
poles. The furniture consisted of split saplings for seats and puncheon writing
desk, supported by pins driven into .auger holes bored in the logs forming the
walls of the house. Mr. G. has lived to see these rustic cabins replaced by
comfortable and tasteful edifices, substantially and even elegantly built, and
supplied with couTenienl and often beautiful furniture. He has himself done
much toward accomplishing this pleasing change, serving as a Trustee for
Jackson Township during several years, besides his efficient and successful
labors in the school-room. His marriage tbok place November 13, 184i. the
maiden name of his wife having been Miss Berilla Gist, whose parents wcro
natives of Kentucky, removing to Darke County, Ohio, in the early time. Mr.
O. has hr.d six children, only two of whom are living, viz.: Martha G. and
S.arah L. One son, Andrew, died in 187(i, at the age of thirty years. They re-
moved in 18(15 to D.irke County, Ohio, ami returned to Randolph in ISlJit,
settling at that time in Wayne Township. Mr. Giltinger and his family are
worthy members of the Christian Church (called sometimes "New Lights)."

BKNJAMIN F. GRAVES, is a son of the late Levi S. Graves, Esq.. and was.
born in Wayne Township, Wayne County, lud., January 11, 184'l. When
quite young, his father removed to Darke County, Ohio, and to Wayne Town-
ship, in this county, in 18il2, buying and settling on a farm near Barlonia,
where the subject of this sketch grew up, trained to farm labor, and receiving
such education as was atforded by the common district schools. In 1870, he
was elected as one of the Constables of Wayne Township, but resigned the
office at the end of one year ; was re-elected in 1873, but declined to qu.alify
In 1875, he was appointed a special agent of the Treasury Departmental
Washington, but on account of the great risks attending the position, as well
as the uncongeuialily of the business, the place was soon abandoned. In 1876,
he was elected a Justice of the Peace (or Wayne Township, being commissioned
by Gov. T. A. Hendricks, to serve as such magistrate for four years, from No-
vember 4, 187<>. On January 4, 1877, he was admitted as an attorney to
practice at the bar of Randolph County, but owing to the duties of his office,
never cng)iged in a general practice. In August, 1878, he removed his office
1- rv !^ „!.__ , , .. . ., . ^ Acting Mayor of 111

In 187U

Terri'ory, but declined ti

I teacher for <

! of tl

Iribes in the Indiai
spring of 1880, h
le. but not liking th

prospects of the country, he _, , ..

County, aud was appniiitod the enumerator far Wayne Township, outside the
corporation of Union City, for taking the tenth United States census. On the
17th day of May, 1879, he was married to JIary M. Note, youngest daughter of
the late Henry Note, of this township, aud by her has one child, Harry Bruce
Fremont Grave, boru March 2, 1880.

JAMES GUIPFIS, was born in Virginia about 1707. His parents brought
him, when but a child, to Ross ('ounly, Ohio, settling in the Scioto Valley, not
far from the year 1800, when even that region was well-nigh buried in the
deep woods. They both died when he was young; and os a lone orphan-boy,
poor and deslllute, he was obliged to struggle up to manhood as he could. The
means of education were but scanty, and lie got but little, and that little " by
the hardest." In youth, he worked mostly on the farm. In early manhood,
however, he practiced Hatbualiag and rafting, taking boat loads of pork and
Hour and corn, clc, down theScioto River to the Ohio and down that river lo
its mouth, and so along the Mississippi to the points for market along its banks,
and frequently lo New Orleans itself. He was engaged also at times in taking
droves of cattle from Ohio across the Alleghany Mountains lo the .New York,
Philadelphia and Baltimore markets. Thus he passed his life till about thirty-
five years oM, still remaining, notwithstanding all his hard toil, comp.aralively
a poor man, realizing, by all this hard and rough traveling through the l.ind
' ■ ■ ■ " livelihood. In 18,32,

1 from the valley of the ScioK
ouniy. Ind. (the ol.l Williamsc
ken forests of Wayne Townsh

LSOfGl

day, the substantial and comfortable dwelling erected by him many years ago.

upon it many years before, say in 181tl or thereabouts. Still, the clearing was
but small, and there was, for a long lime, nolhing upon the premises, even after
his occupation thereof, but ordinary log-cabin buildings of the most primilive
kind;, and he was obliged for many years to engage in chopping and burning
andgrubbing and clearing, and the laborious, wearisome toil of a pioneer Ufa.
His son, John W. Griffis, now resident in Chase tkjunly, Kan., in a narrative
furnished by him, says: Living in a small log-cabin, he grubbed up the green
saplings, aud chopped down and rolled into huge heaps the large timber ; he
would burn brush al night and often would split rails by moonlight "and carry
Ihem on his shoulder lo the fence row. Now and then, though not often
indeed, he became discouraged, throwing down his grubbing ho^, or his ax,
and, going imo bis cabin to tell his wife that they never could [pake a living
there in the woods, with his clothes all torn up with the brush, and his hands
scratched and bleeding; and the giant tree-trunks, like mighty monsters, roar-
ing their haughty heads on high and laughing al his feeble warfare against
I heir supremacy. But, being a good deer-hunter, he would, after condoling
theirhardshipsawhilo, shoulder his rifle, and, taking a stroll in the woods, would
shoot a deer or two, and go out to his work again with fresh encouragement
to continue the struggle. It may be as well to say here that he killed in the
woods of Indiana, while resiient there, upward of one hundred deer. Many,
of course, did far more than that ; but he spent his lime mostly on the farm,
hunting only from necessity or for recreaiion. Little money was needed ia
those times, but that was obtained chiefly, especially at first, by selling deer-
skins ; taxes, salt, powder and lead and iron required money ; most articles of
food and clothing could be raised or made. The milling was done al the White-
water about Richmond, or on Stillwater beyond Greenville, and his trading
mostly at Greenville. Once after having paid a '■ slore-bitl" of $.50 al that
village, he said to his wife: " Margaret, after this, if we can pay for a thing we
will get it, and not otherwise," which he over afterward made his rule. As he
gradually opened his farm on the State road, and after people began to move ■
in large numbers along that old thorough fare toward the new and boundless
West, his double log cabin became a general stopping place. .\nd, when in a
few yeais afterward, cattle-driving from the prairies of Western Indiana and
from Illinois became an extensive occupation, vast numbers of such passed
along the same gr.ind thoroughfare, and Mr. Griffis having opened a large
trad, preparing estcnsive pasture room, and raising heavy crops of corn as
well, usod to emertain drovers aud feed their licnls and flocks. The fact that
he hail himself been a drover in earlier life increased his acquaintance with
this cl iss of men, and induced many lo incline lo slop with him whenever they
could well do so. This business of feeding droves wa.s for years a very large
one. In the year 1848, for instance, he kept, overnighl, 18,634 head of cattle.
Mr. Griffis raised a family of ten children, five boys and five girls, all of whom,
as well as his wife, survived him. He died October 2, 185'J, of hemorrhage of
the bowels, being buried in the cemetery on the land owned by him. His
wife died February 22, 18114, aged fifty-four years, and lies buried beside hira.
Mr. Griffis was no longer young when he married, being probably about ihirly-
Ihree years old. He had worked several yeans for an employer in the Scioto
Valley, at §1 per day and expenses paid. Not needing very much of
his wages, he had permitted them lo accumulate in his employer's hands to
the amount of some $iiOO; and after his marriage, he was induced to take,
in lieu of his wages, some 4W acres of land in the woods of Wayne Township;
and moved lo the region in a one-horse wagon, having almost nothing remain-
ing but his land. Mr. Griflis Wiis an excellent citizen and a most active, and
enterprising business man, industrious and economical, hut generous and
hospitable, his friendly spirit and genial manners, as well as his principles of
truth, honor and integrity, won him universal respect. Prompt and reliable
in all his habits and methods, charitable to the poor, plain and unassuming in
his personal deportment, dteply interested in the public welfare, strongly
attached to his family and considerate for the welfare of friends — strictly moral
and upright in all his conduct, his example was one commanding the public
esteem and endearing him to all who knew him. In political faith, he was an
earnest Whig of the old-time Henry Clay stamp. In 1848, he represented
Randolph County in the Slate Legislature; and the energy displayed by him
during his lifetime in the improvement of the region, and in the development
of its resources^ was remarkable. He was tall in person and robust in health,
in so much th(il, during his last illuess, he remarked that he hod never before
been 80 sick Ihat^he could not ride on horseback. His weight was about '^00
pounds and his bodily strength wa-s great, performing as he did, in his earlier
years, a vast amount of physical labor. His children were as follows :
Cynthia, twice married, fonr children, resides in Lincoln, Neb., husband
an artist; Sarah Ann (Cadwallader), three children, resides at Union City, Ind.,
husband a banker; John W., several children, resides in Chase County, Kan.;
Maria (Walker), resided in Darke County, Ohio, three ohi'dren, i; dead; Eliza-
beth (Sludebaker). two children, resides in Greenville, Ohio, husband Presi-
dent of Farmers' Bank; W. Creighton, Union City, route agent from Indian,
spoils lo SI. Louis; Rebecca (Elston), Sharpoge. Darke County, Ohio, three
children, huslmnd a farmer and s.ock dealer; IMward, unmarried, resides
with Mr. Studebaker at Greenville, Ohio; James llibben, twice married, no
children, lately grocer, Union City, Ind.; Henry Clay, a lad, killed at the
" Brough Rally " in 18li3 by falling from a wagon, filled with men, and the
passing of the wheel over his hc.'vd.

KZEKIEL GULLET! was born in North Carolina about 177li. Hemarried
Mary Dixon, sister of Benjamin Dixon; they had ten children, all born in Ohio
or North Carolina. They moved to Butler County, Ohio, at a very early date,
and, alter undergoing a full course of pioneer life in that region, resolved to
try a .second experience of a similar sort, and plunged into the wilderness of
Randolph County, settling this lime for life, in Wayne Township, some miles
south .if where Union City now stands. He was among the first in that region,
only about half a dozen families having preceded them in that part of the town-

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

ship. The family came to Wayne Township in ISSr), coDsisling of husband and
wife and six children, four having been married in Ohio— George, Anna,
Thomas and .John. The six unmarried were Mary, 8amuel Kzekiel, Uleanor
and two others. The whole ten grew up, were married and had families. Six
were sons and four were daughters; only four are now living. Mr. Gullelt
was a farmer, a Methodist and a Democrat. He was a substantial pioneer, re-
siding in the township some twenty-six years. He was verging toward old
age at his emigration to this county, being near sixty years old, and he died,
July 18, 18()1, aged eighty-four years. His wife outlived h«

,'hty ye

rsold.

Y Yen

1864, about

SAMU1;L GULLKTT is the son of Ezekiel Gullelt, having been born in
Butler County, Ohio, about 1821. He came, with his father, to Wayne Town-
ship in 18:«. He has been twice married. Hia first wife was Frances Wasson,
daughter of David Wasson, a pioneer of the adjacent region in Darke (jOunty,
Ohio, and she died in 1873. His second wife is Kllen I'erriue, from Danville,
Ind. They removed, not long ago, from Iheir farm east of Salem, Randolph
County, to L'nion City, where they now reside. He has liad seven children, five
of whom are living; one of hia sons is Alexander, who has attained some dis-
tinction. He was a soldier ; spent some time as a clerk in Washington City ;
was Township Tru.stce ; became an attorney; was elected Prosecutor for the
Judicial Dis.rict to which llandolph County belongs, and, in 1880, removed to
Colorado, where he is rising to prominence as a man of activity and enterprise
in hia profes"ion and in business in general.

JOHN V. L. HARLAN is a native of the county. He isason of .loshuaand
Luoinda Harlan, and was born on the 26th day of December, 1848. He was
educated in the common district schools, and taught school one term. He
learned the blacksmith trade and worked at it for some time. On January 27,
1872, he married Lucy A. Hartmau, daughter of John Hartman, whose biog-
raphy is given in this work. They have hai,l five children, two of whom are
dead. Mr. Harlan is mw engaged in farming, living on his own farm, five
milts southwest of Union City. He and his wife are both members of the
Christian Church.

JOHN HARTMAN, was born in Adams County, near Harrishurg, Pcnn.,
June 12, 1804, being a son of John .and Ann (liishop) Hartmau (both deceased),
the former a native of Berks County, Penn., and the latter of Lancaster Coun-
ty in the same Slate. His education was received in the primitive cabin school-
house, with its usual appurtenance*. The teacher was a (iootcli-Irishmon, who
would '•let out" school occasionally to "go on a spree." At the age of seven-
teen, Mr. H. learned the trade of a coverlet-weaver, working at that business
for twelve years. He was married, February 7, 1828, to Miss Louisiana Alter,
a niece of Hon. Jacob Alter, who was for many years a member of the Penn-
sylvania Legislature; as also a uiece of Hon. Joseph Rilner, ex-Govcrnor of
the Keystone State. Mrs. Hartman was born in 180.5, and died March 10,
187!). They came to near Greenville, Darke Co., Ohio, in 183S, seeing the
stars fall in November of that year, and to W.ayne Township. Randolph Co.,
Ind., in 1848. In 18.32, they were in Greenville only thirteen houses. He
settled three and one-half miles west of Greenville, and when he removed to
llandolph County, he traded that land for 200 acres in Wayne Township, where
he has since lived (till he removed in 1880 to Bartonia). His .i^e is seventy-
eight years, but lie is hale and active, and seems more sprightly thau many far
younger men. He has been lately married again, to Jli.ss Mary Woods, a
daughter of Oliver Woods, Darke County, Ohio. May 16, 1880. He has had
eleven children, as follows: Elizabeth, who married Windsor Wiggs, had seven
children, and died in 1872 at Union City, Ind.; Jeremiah, born in 1833, two
children, died in 1871 ; Solomon, born in 1835, seven children, resides iu
Woyne Township, and is a farmer and teacher (see below) ; Emetine, born
1838, two children, died 1858; John, born 1841, died a Union aoldier, 1864, a
mtmber of the Fifty-seventh Indiana Infantry, Company C. He taught school
five terms, and was at Lebanon Normal School when he enlisted. He was in
four battles — Pittsburg Landing, Ciiattauooga and two others. At Pittsburg

home to raise recruits, but while at home he was taken sick with lung fever,
and the soldier who had passed through the dangers and the deaths of two
years of war and battle unharmed, lay down to die amid friends and relatives
in the home of his childhood, and passed from the scenes of earth afar from
the roar of cannon and the din of conflict. But his comrades also were with
him in his last hours, for they had come home to '• veteranize," and they
attended his funeral in a body, and laid him to rest with the honors of war in
the Union City Cemetery, where a simple tombstone oommemora!es his youth-
ful valor ; Francis Marion, died one year old ; Jacob, born in 1846, has one
child, lives with his father; Lucy, born in 184i), has four children. Most of
e descendanta of John Hartman reside in Randolph County. Theic were

. Hartmi

nship Trustee of Wayne To
are members of the Christian Church. J. H. is cheerful in dispofition and
genial in temper, active, industrious and frugal, esteemed by his neighbors
and belovnd by hia acquaintances. In politics, he is a warm-hearted and en-
thusiastic Republican. He now (1882) resides at South S.alem, Wayne Town-

Hartman, Wayne Township.
:ame with his father to Ran-
Huckeye Seminary U. L. Institute, at
B taught school before he was seventeen, and has tjvught
twenty-four winters. He married Sarah Ann Williamson in 18."iH, and they
have had eight children. He is a prosperous and aiiccesaful farmer, taking
delight in caring for all his afthirs in a neat and thorough manner. Though
con-idered alightly eccentric by some, and Ipoing withal a man independent in
opinion, he is a most energetic supporter of all good things. In politics, he

siasm of his nature into the National Greenback movement: nnd he expccis,

SOLOMON HARTMAN is the son of Johi
He was born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1855;
dolph County, Ind., in 1848; attende " " '
Gettysburg. P " ' ' ' '

erelong, to see the world "turned upside down," or, as he would say, turned
" right side up," and hopes to witness the ushering in of the new era, when
everybody shall have all the money he wishes, and more, too, and when that
blessed lime shall come may we all be there to see and to receive, moreover,
each one his full and abundant share. Mr. H. resides near his father's old
farm about five miles southwest of Onion City and a little north of Greenville
Creek. Mr. H. is a thoroughly enterprising and greatly public-spirited citizen,
entering heartily into every movement for the advancement of the public wel-
fare.

HENRY HILL, Jericho, was born in 1790 in North Carolina. Coming io
Wayne County, Ind., in 1817, he changed his residence to Randolph County in
1818, entering eighty acres in Wayne Township, Jericho settlement, and resid-
ing there till Ma death in 1874, fifty-six years. Mr. Hill was three times
married -to Aohsah Peacock in 1814, who was born iu 1793 and died in 1830 ;
to Achsah Thomas in 1831, who died in 1835, and the third time in 1837 to
Avis Woodard, who died in 1877. Mr. H. had ten children, all grown and all
married, and eight are living still. Asenath (Thomas), born in 1815, married
George Thomas in 1833 ; has had three children ; resides at Jericho. Daniel,
born in 1817, has been married three times ; is publisher of peace literature at
New Vienna, Ohio. Jesse, born in 1820; married Catherine Cox; has had
t wo children, died many years ago. Margaret, born in 1824 ; married Alexan-
der Mason ; lived in Minnesota; had five children, died in 1878. Achsah,
born in 1829: married Obadiah StillweU; resides near Lynn; has had two
children ; husband is a former. WiUiam, born in 1832 ; married Hannah
Stanbrey ; hos had nine children ; resides in Iowa. Rnohel. born in 1833 ;
married Mr. Cox ; has had eleven children. Isaac, born in 1835 ; no childreii.
Henry, born in 1838; has had eleven children; resides at Jericho; is a
farmer. Henry Hill, Sr., has had fifty-two grandchildren and twenty-two
great-grandchildren. He was a quiet, steady, reliable citizen, an Anti-Slavery
Friend, a Republican, a thrifty and successful farmer, nnd an honest, faithful,

FANNY (DIGGS) HILL is the daughter of William Diggs, who was the
first head of a family to settle on White River, in Randolph County. She was
born in September, 1817, being supposed to have been the first white child
born on White River. She was married to Matthew Hill, son of Benoni Hill,
of Jericho, in 183B. Matthew Hill was born in 1814, and came with his par-
enta to Randolph County in 1818. They have seven children, and they live on
the laud which he entered in 1837.

BENONI HILL was born in North Carolina, came to Jericho, Wayne
Township, Randolph County, Ind , in 1818. Had ten children, seven of
' died about 1870. His wife'a maiden name was Polly Bos-

n>ll,a

1 she died al

Mr. H. V

a Friend

1 Aboliti

. Friend, a Republican, and altogether
citizen, having been one of the earliest pioneers of Woyne Township.

MATHEW HILL is the son of Benoni Hill (deceased), having been born
in 1814, in North Carolina. He'came with his father, at the age of four years,
to Randolph County, in 1818. In 1837, he married Fanny Diggs, and they
have had seven children, six ot whom are living and one unmarried. Mr. H.
entered eighty acres and now owns 120 acres, being a thriving and successful
farmer. He was au Anti-Slavery Friend, and is now a Republican. Mr. Hill,
like the gre,at body of the society of which he haa been a life-long member, an
earnest, faithful, steadfast adherent of Christian principles, and a quiet, hum-
ble, unassuming but useful and esteemed member of the community.

CHRISTOPHER HOLLINGER was boru in Loncaster County, Penn.,
June 4, 1833, ond is a son of Samuel and Lucy Hollinger, the former o
native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of England. He was brought up and
educated in Darke County, Ohio, to which place his parents removed when he
Was four years old. In December, 1854, he was married to Miss Rebecca
Shire, by whom he has had four children, only one of whom is now living. In
1872, Mr. Hollinger come to this county and aeltled at Harrisville, engaging
in a geueral mercantile business for two years, being at the same time Post-
master at that place. In 1874, he sold out hia store and bought a farm of 133

PETER HOOVER, Su., born in Virginia; came to Randolph County, Ind.,
in the spring of 1834 ; had eight children, seven now living He died many
years ago, as also his wife. She belonged to the Presbyterian Church. He
was a Democrat.

PETER HOOVER, Jr., born 1810, Pendleton County, Va.; came to Darke
County, Ohio, 1833, and Io Randolph County, Ind., 1834; entered 160 acres
and has KiO acres still. He had only |2.50 when he got here, and he had his
father and mother and their six children to core for. But by hard work and
close economy he succeeded in assisting his parents, and also in gaining a
reasonable competence for his old age. He was never married. An unmarried
sister lives with him and cares for his affairs. He is an honest, sincere, hard-
working, industrious, frugal and simple-hearted citizen; a sound Democrat

ANDREW HUTTON was born in Y'oik County, Penn., on February 4,
1834. and is a son of Solomon and Elizabeth Hutton, both natives of that
county. In 1861, he married Miss Margaret Kiester, but they have no chil-
dren. In 1870, he came to this county and purchased forty acres of land in
Wayne Township, upon which he resides, and, besides farming, pursues the
carpenter trade.

J(3SIAH KAYLOR is a aon of William and Rebecca Kaylor, and waa born
in Prelde County, Ohio, February 21, 1838. He was raised on a firm and edu-
catell in t^he common ilistriot achool. On April 18. 1860, he was married, to
.Miss Lucinda Kesler, and they h.ive one child. He come to this county in
February, 1878, and purchased a farm of 208 acres, five miles southwest of
UnionCily, upon which he resides, engaged in farming and stock-raising. He
also owns a quarler-scolion of land in Jay County. He and his wife are mem-
bers of the Lutheran Church.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

WILLIAM KENNON, born in I.eland, cnme lo America when fourteen
years old; lived for a time in Guernsey County, Ohio, ami came to IlanJolph
County, Ind., in 1830. He settled on the Downing place, south from the toll-
gale south of Union City. He married Eleanor Smith, and hart four children.
He owned '210 acres of land, was a Democrat, was .Justice of the Peace for four
years, and was highly esteemed for integrity and inlelligonce. He died many
years ago, as did also his wife, but the dale of their death cannot now be ex-
actly told.

THOMAS S. KENNON, born in Wayne Township 1834. Married Hannah
I'erkins, 18G2; has five children; owns a«0 acres; is a thriving, industrious,
active farmer, and an extensive and successful stock dealer. He is likewise nn
earnest and enthusiastic polilician, though he has never sought public office.
He is a steadfast Republican, and lakes a prominent part in public affairs. Mr.
Kennon thinks that he is the oldest person born in Wayne Township who now
resides therein. There were settlers in the township twelve years in advance
of his father, and, probably, children born in it before 1854, but he thinks
none such are living here now. He has always been a resident of the town-
ship. His educational privileges consisted of the schools in the old hewed-log
and round-top schoolhouses of the period, as also a few months at the Union
Literary Institute, a manual labor institution established in 184(i,al the Green-
ville settlement, northeast of Spartansburg. and affording instruction to great
numbers of the aspiring young men and women who were residents of the
region at the time. T. S. K. was a volunteer in the civil war of 1801, first, in
the Eighth Indiana three months, and again in the One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Infantry, rising to the rank of First Lieutenant of his company.

JOHN KUNKLE is a so
Darke County, Ohio, Septen
county in April, 1804, and h«
On the 12lh of February, 18(

of David and Mirin
er 14, 1846. He c

ankle.

and was born in
8 father to this

cducnted in the common di
I married, to Miss Catharine Hcadrich,
aughter of Michael Headrich. She died
March 31, 1880, leaving six children. She had been for four years a member
of the Christian Church. Mr. Kunkle for five years worked at shoeinaking,
and for awhile was Postmaster of Bartonia. At present, he owns a farm of
100 acres in the south part of Wayne Township, and is engaged in farming and

WILLIAM A. MACV was born in Guilford County. N. C, November
6, 1809, being ft son of Obed and Mary (Armfield) Macy, who were both
natives of North Carolina. His education was very limited, the "Old North
Stale" being more famous for "pitch tar, turpentine and lumber" thau for
" school keeping" or " book larnin." He married Mi?s .leminia Rogers, July
4, 1833, and they had five children. Both his wives (see below) have been
members of the M. E. Church, and his present wife and himself still remain
such. He has owned 200 acres of land but now retains but ninety acres, hav-
ing given 110 to his children. In 18-52, he wont o» a visit to his native State,
and upon his return therefrom brought with him his aged mither who spent
the remaiudor of her days in Randolph County. .Mr. M. emigrated to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., the year of his marriage, 1833. He resided at Spartans-
burg three years, on the Rogers Place, cast of Spartansburg five years, on a
farm west of Granger Hall eleven years, and about twenty-eight years upon
his farm north of Greenville Creek, near Abraham Chcnoweth'a. His wife
died May 24, 1870, and was laid lo rest in Avba (^eojelery. In 1881, he was
married again to Mrs. Morgan, widow of Frank G. Morgan, late of Spartans-
burg, and they now reside at that village. Mr. Macy. although sevenly-three
years old, appears cheerful and sprightly like a mail of fifty years. He has
had five children, only one of whom is living, to wit: Jacob Clarkson, who was
born in 18311 ; married Mary Shreer in 1859, has had nine children, eight
living, and lives on his father's old place, in Wayne Township. J. C. M. has
been Township Trustee two terms, and Is a stock-raiser and dealer and farmer.
Another of the children of J. A. M. was Caroline, who became the wife of John
H. Cammack in 1862, and after having been the mother of three children, died in
IBr.'J. W. A. M. is, of course, a member ofthegre.it, widespread, universal Mncy
family, sprung from the original Thomas Macy, of New England, who sailed
across Massachusetts Bay, around Cape Cod to Nantucket Island. The voyage
in probably a fact, but the story as rendered into verse by the poet Whiltier,
contains some poetic embellishments, or may possibly agree with popular tra-
dition in that region. More than 2,000 persons have belonged to the "Macy
tribe" since Thomas Macy. the sturdy Puritan,

•Upon NnnturVi.fa dri.Br.vI»le

Accounts of many other Maoys are given in the course of this work. W. A.
M. is a fine old gentlennn, a prosperous farmer and blacksmith, an old-time
Methodist and Abolitionist, a sincere and thorough Republican and a thoroughly
upright and honest man. He suffered a severe affliction some three year-) ago
in the loss of the life-long companion of his bosom, the sharer of his toils and
his sorrows for well-nigh fifty years. In the winter of 1H8I-82, he was happily
successful in gaining the affections and the hand of Mrs. Morgan, as already
stated, and seems by this fortunate union lo have renewed his manhood, and
to have grown younger by twenty ytars.

DK. WILLIAM K. MARQUIS is a son of William and Polly Marquis, and
was born in Darke County, Ohio, on the Olh ilay of April. 1832. His parents
were natives of Hardy County, Va., and the mother is yel living at the age of
eighly-sevcn years. He was brought up on a farm, received his education in
the common schools, and read medicine with Dr. Enos Williams, of Darke
County, beginning the practice of his profession in 1808. In 18r)3, he married
Miss Mary Bennett, by whom he had nine children. She died in October,
1875, and in March, 1H77, he married Miss Fannie Coats, by whom he has two
children. For seventeen years he has been a minister of the German Baptist
Church ; at present lives on his own farm of fifty-five acres in southwest part
of Wayne Township, this county, and is engaged in the practice of his profes-

MASON FAMILY.

Richard Mason (father of the " Mason's') was horn in North Carolina in
about 1795; came to Clinton County, Ohio, when a boy, perhaps in 1805,
married .Sarih Jackson in Ohio, movcil thence to Wayne County, Ind., and to
Kosciusko County, Ind., to the latter in 1834. He hail ten children, and died
in 1844 in the last named county, his wife dying in Randolph County, Ind., In
1850. His children all grew up and were married, and eight still survive.
They are as follows : Thomas, ten children, resides at Union City, Ind. ;
Elizabelh (JIason), seven children, is dead; DelilB (Harper), four children,
lives in Iowa; Louisa (Drake), seven children, is dead; William, has seven
children, resides in Union; Sarah (Gunter), one child, Kosciusko County;
Salina(Frazier-Milnor) nine children, Iowa ; Elihu, several children, resides
in Ohio ; Mary (Conkling), four children, Wayne Township ; Jemima(Duncan),
three children, Iowa. Six of them have been residents of Randolph County,
Thomas, William, Salina, Elihu, M.ary and Jemima; and Thomas, William and
Mary live here sllU.

THOMAS MASON, Union City, son of Richard Mason, was born in Clin-
ton County, Ohio, in 1813 : moved to Wayne County, Ind., in 1815, married
Jane Polly, in Wayne County, in 1830; moved to Kosciusko County In 1834,
and to Randolph County in 1838; has made this county his home ever since
that time. He settled three miles northwest of Salem and remained there till
1805, moving in that year to Union City, retaining, however, ownership of his
farm. Ills wife, Jane Polly, was born in Preble County, Ohio, In 1812, and
removed to Madison County and thence lo Darke County, Ohio, the latter in
1810. Mr. M. and his wife are both active and sprightly, bearing their age
well. They have been the parents of ten children, most of whom are still
living. He has been all his life a farmer. He was at different limes Assessor,
both of personal property and of real estate, and was four years Justice of
the Peace for Wayne Township. He was at one time a member of the Dis-
ciples' Church, but is not so at the present time. His wife belongs to that
Society at Salem, Randolph County. He has been, as to politics, a life-long
Democrat, though he sometimes " splits" his ticket, which a " free man" has
a right to do if he chooses.

ANDREW McCONNKLL was born in Miami County, Ohio, July it), 1820,
and is a son John and Elizabeth McConnell. He was raised on a farm and
educated in the common schools. When he was a young man, he learned the
blacksmith trade, which he followed for twenty years. He has been twice
married, the first time to Miss Jane Innian, by whom he had si-x children, of
whom four are now living. His second wife was Mrs. Matilda Clapp. by whom
he has one child. Mr. .McConnell came to this county in 1850, and at present
resides at Bartonia, being a Justice of the Peace for Wayne Township.

JONATHAN J. MIKESEM. was born in Darke County, Ohio. January 25,
1838, and is a son of Riley and Matilda Mikesell, the former a native of Vir-
ginia, and the latter of Ohio. Young Mikesell received his education In a
little log schoolhouse furnished with slab seats, but so improved his time that
he obtained the necessary certificate, and for awhile was engaged in teaching.
He came to this county in 1855, and in 18i;2 married Miss Hannah Rarrick,
daughter of Daniel Rarrick, and they have eight children. .Mr. .Mlke.'cU now
owns a farm in the south part of this township, and, besiiles farming, he is,
in connection with his brother, Curtis 0. Mikesell, engaged in manufacturing

1). T. MORRIS.
David T. Morris is a native of Fayette County, Ohio, and was born on
the loth day of December, 1823. His parents were John and Mary Morris,
natives of the Stuto of Delaware, who removed from Ohio to Campbell County,
Ky., when the subject of this sketch was quite small. Here he grew up on a
farm until he was fifteen years old, at which time he went with his parents to
Cincinnati, Ohio, where his father engaged In business as a contractor and
builder. Young Morris was educated principally at Fnrmers' College, situated
at College Hill, near Cincinnati, which institution was then under the control
and management of Gen. S. F. Cary. In 1849, he was married to Miss Mary
A. Murphy, a native of Greene County, Ohio, and daughter of John C. Murphy,
one of the pioneei-s of that county. They have had nine children, but four of
whom— .lohn H., Ada L., Charles C. and Samuel H. — are now living. In rear-
ing and educating his family, Mr. Morris employs a governess, and has his
children instructed at home. He has been prompted to this course by his looa-
tion being remote from school facilities, as well as by his own preferences; yet
no oitizon pays school-tax more cheerfully than he. After engaging in business
for himself, Mr. Morris trieil various avocations. For awhile he was employed
in book-keeping, then merchandising, then a hotel, and finally, farming. In
185H, he came to this county, and bought 200 acres of unimproved land on the
Indiana side of the Stale line, four miles south of Union City. This land has
been developed by industry and intelligent supervision into one of the most
pleasant and sightly homesteads in the county, as our sketch herewith will
show. Mr. Morris has a taste for the beautiful, and his hospitality is .joined
to a cordiality and good will that renders a visit to his house always agreeable.
Besides the resources of his farm, he Is the owner of valuable Western lands,
and is a stockholder and Director of Citizens' Bank of Union Oily. Mr. Mor-
ris has always been a friend of public improvements, and among the foremost
in local enterprises for the development of the country. Although employing
aprivnie teacher for his own children, he is an e.-irnest advocate of public schools,
and cnnlributes cheerfully of his means for their support. He was one of the
original incorporators, and has usually been a Director of the Union Agricult-
ural Association, and has contributed of his time, his money and his labor to
promote its success ; and lo his influence and example, as much as thai of any other
man, is lo be attributed Ihe better system of farming and improvement of
farm slock of Randolph I'ounty. For some years he has given especial atten-

gomery Boy," a grandson of the famous Rysdyk's Hambletonian, and on the

i

SECTION"

WAYNE TOWNSHII>.

dam's side showing n pe'ligree from llie lies! atuils of Iventuclcy. Mr. Morris i
is in politics a Democrnt. ami is lieKl in high esteem by his fellow-citizeas.

WILLIAM S. MOKTON was born at Kichmoad, Wayne Co., lad., ia 1822.
lie married Elizabelh Aan Barton (daughter of Lcven Birton)ia 1811, aul
moved to Uandolph County, Ind.. near Bartooia, ia 18.56, and that is still his
home. They have had nine children, only three of whom are living. He is an
enterprising and prominent citizen, a thriving farmer and stock-dealer, owning
230 acres of land. In politics, he is a thorough Republican. I

.JOHN W. MOKTON is a son of WilUiam S. Morton, and was bora in ,
Wayne County, Ind., April 10, 1853. He was brought by his father to this I
county when a child, where he grew up on his father's farm, and v." is educated i
in the district schools. February 20, 1873, he married Miss Lvura E. Dan- j
iels, daughter of William H. Daniels, of Georgia, and they have one child, j
Mr. Morton is a farmer, and owns a farm of eighty acre.s in tlie south pirt of |
Wayne Township. i

NELSON MUlll'HY was horn in Darke Cninly, Ohio, October 8, \8Zo, \
being the son of Benjamin and Huldah Murphy. His pirents came to Ran-
dolph County in 1888, when he was a child of three ye^irs, having grown up
on his father's farm and received the usual backwoods eilucaiion. He was
married, in 1856, to Miss Sirah E. Vail, .and they hive been the parents of
eight cliildren, viz. : Ida M. (deceased). Amy J., William E., Henry L., Rena
B., Robert Burns, Benjamin F. and Evan L. In 1807, he moved lo Clay
County, III., returning in 1871. ,He is the owner of 187 acres of etcellent land
and is an energetic and industrious farmer. .Mr. and Jlrs. Murphy are me<n-
bers of the Chrisiiau Church at Harrisville.

ROBERT MURPHY was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, in 1801, his
parents having emigrated thither from Pennsylvania. He came to Butler
County, Ohio, In 181U, removing to Darke County, Ohio, in 182(1. His mar-
riage, to Elizabeth Devall took place in 1827 (who was born in 1807, and died
in 1847). They came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1834, where he entered
eighty acres of land lat two entries), and upon that land he has resided
ever since (forty-eight years). Mr. M. has been the father of fifteen children,
as follows: Benjamin, born 1828, October 19; Wi liam, born 1829, October
27; Absalom, born 1830, November 15; Alzinah, born 1831, November .30;
Robert, born 1833, September 14: Albert, born 1834, December 8; Mirtin,
born 1836, March 7; Elizabeth, born 1837, May 3 ; Davi'l, born 1838, August
5; Elcy, born 1839, December 23: Thomns, born 1841, October 12; Rachel,
born 1842, Septembers; Moses, born 1844, March 4; Asa, born 1815. Novem-
ber 10; John B., born 1847, March 1. His wife died March 1, 1847, upon
llie birth of her last child, and for tliat long time, more than thirty-five years,
Mr. M. has lived unmarried. He has been Trustee of the Township many
years. Administrator of many estates, etc., showing the confidence reposed by
his fellow-citizens in hia judgment and integrity. Eight of his children are
still living, viz. : Benjamin, residing in Iowa, eight children ; Albert, residing
in Minnesota, seven children; Martin, residing in Union City, Ind., four chil-
dren ; Elizabeth (Locke), widow, one child; her husband w.ts a soldier in the
Union army, and was killed near V'icksburg, summer of 18l!3 ; David, resides
on the home place, five children; Elcy (Harris), widow, lives near her father's,
eight children; Muses, resides in Union Citv, two children; John B., resides
in Minnesota, two children. He was originally a Presbyterian, but after com-
ing to this region of country he joined the Pi-ote.stant Meth)di3ts, and is con-
nected with them still. Mr. M. has for fifty years or more, endeavored to
exemplify the pure religion of the lowly Jesus by a meek and faithful Christian
life, and in his old age he tries to serve and honor his loving Savior still. In
politics, he is a sterling Republican. His first Presidential vote was given, in
1824, for John Uuincy Adams, and since that lime he has voted for President

HENRY OHLER was born in Tippecannoe County, Ind., in 1831. He is a
son of Adam and Sarah Ohler, who removed to Ohio in 1834. He was married
to Miss Sarah J. Shreera December 13, 186ij, and they have had seven children,
six of whom are living. He came to this county in 1808, and bought a farm of
148 acres four miles southwest of Union City, upon which he now resides. Dur-
ing the late war, he served four months .as a member of the One Hundred and
Fifty-second llegiinent Ohio National Guards. His wife is a member of the
Christian Church at Salem ; but he holds no church relations.

AMOS PEACOCK and ABRAM PEACOCK came together from Carolina
in the fall of 1818. Four families were in company— Amos Pencock, Ahram
Peacock, Henry Hill and Bcnoni Hill. The three last named settled in Jericho
in 1818. Ames Peacock raised one crop in Wayne County, and came on in the
fall of 1819. Amos Peacock had nine children— Aaron, Jonah, William, Elijah
and Elisha (twins), Matilda, Abram, Anna and Abigail. Four are still living-
William, Anna, Abigail and Elijah. William [see aftcrw.ird], Amn married
Pleasant Digga, son of old William Diggs, two children, Iowa. Abigail mar-
ried Joseph Diggs, son of old William Diggs, five children, Iowa. Elijah
lives in Jericho, Ind., and has had several children. They are all farmers, and
all tiuakers. and quiet, solid, substantial men and women. Am.is Peacock died
nt Jericho July 2, 1850, aged sixty-two ye.ars nine months and eleven d.ays.
Hannah Peacock, his wife, died September 8, 1807, aged seventy-four years
three months and twenty-seven days. He was born in Nirth Carolina Septem-
ber 21. 1787. She was born in North Carolina May 11, 1793. They were mar-
ried about 1812. Two children were born to them in Carolina, one in Wayne
County, Ind., and six in Jericho.

WILLIAM PEACOCK was born in Wayne County, Ind., October 10, 1818,
and came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1819, and has lived in Jericho ever
since. He married Mary Thoma^ daughter of Benjamin Thomas, near New-
port, Ind., in 1840. They have had three children. He is a farmer, and a
Friend, and until lately, a Republican, but now a " National Greenbackcr ;"

Union Literary Institute, a manual labor institution established in 1845, by hia
father-in-law, Benjamin Thomas and others, for the education of colored and

other indigent youth : he is greatly esteemed
his sincere, quiet, solid, unobstrusive piety,
ety of Anti-Slavery Friends, he rejoined the "Body Friends," but lately, with a
few others, he has withdrawn from them, forming a new " .Meeting," claiming
to adhere to the mnthod.s and usages of the early and original Friends. They
are almost alone, the great mass of Friends having •' progressed" greatly from
the standards of aciion of fifty years ago. The " new method " Friends main-
tain, however, that they are in harmony not indeed with the measures of fifty
years past, but with the principles and spirit of George Fox and William Penu,
and the Quakers of " long, long ago. '

ELIJAH H. PE.\COCK is a twin-brother of Elisha Peacock, and they were
born in Randolph County, Ind., J.anuary -28, 1820. They are sons of Amos
and Hannah Peacock. Elijah received an education under the auspices of the
Friends' Church, and for sever.il years followed the oarponer trade. On No-
vember 15, 1853, he married Mias Agnes Brown, a native of Cheltenham, En-
gland, and they have seven children. Mr. Peacock is now a farmer, living on
his own farm of 118 acres in the southwest part of Wayne Township.

WILLIAM PICKETT, was born in Orange County, N. C, 1802. In 1818, he
went to Chatham County in the same State (on Hav Riverj, to take care of liis
grandfather. He died in 18il, and W. P., after staying until the fall of 1822,
emigrate 1 to Richmond, Ind. He was married in 1820, and moved to Randolph
County, five miles e.ist of Winchester, in 1828. His first wife's name wns
Sarah Ann White, burn in 180"). Mr. P. bought eighty acres in the green
woods, of Benjamin Cjx (nephew of Jeremi.ah Cox. the famous miller). Ben-
jamin Cox was a tjuaker minister and cousin to -Mr. Pickett, since Jeremiah
Cox's wife was the sister of Mr. P.'s father. Benjamin Cox was the son of
John Cox, one of tlie earliest settlers on White River, east of Winchester, who
fixed his residence t»o miles eist of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Pickett were
the parents of twelve children, six of them bein? still living. They were as
given below: Esther, Mahlon, Hinnah, Alfred, John W., Joel, Asenath, Lydia,
Rebecca, Sirah, Mary and one other. Ten (or eleven) lived to be grown, to be
married, and to have families. The number of grandchildren has been thirty-
three. One of his «ons, Alfred Pickelt, born in 1833, joined the Eighty-fourlh
Indiana, in the war for the Union, in 1802 ; was wounded at Lookout Mountiin,
and died at the hospital. Mr. P. marriel for his second wife, Mrs. Mary
(Hyatt) Coats, in 18T5. She is the daughter of one of the first settlers, her
father making his home east of Winchester, about 1818. Mr. P. and his wife,
while well stricken in. years are still healthy and cheerful, though, indeed, the
days of aevere labor for this aged couple are, and ought to be, over and done,
and they richly deserve to spend the brief remainder of their earthly pilgrim-
age in quiet .ami patient wailing for the frien Uy messenger, whose tender call

heavenly shore. Mr. P. has always been, and still is, a worthy member of the
Society of Fricn-ls. - -

JOHN ric' .irrr ai- inn in Orange County, N. C, August 4,' 1808;
heeraigratel ■ ': ' : ' iiy, In 1., with his father in 1829. Returning
to North I'm- I Miiry Pike, September 10, 1830, and, witli his

new-fo ind .'. :i ■ i...rCul way back to the Northwest, reaching his

father's c. 1-1 -i Choosing a home fur himself and wife in

"Jericho ^^ i >lie self-same spot for more than fifty years,

rearing tht'v ! rhildren. Five of them have outlived their

father, as hi- ; , youth and mother of his children. Mr. P.

diedin.^inil : . ■ jiiy-fourth year. He was a " Friend" by birth-

right, and \'\ . iiu,:! II - .>11, clinging with a firm and unwavering gr.isp to
the faith, tlie iiic-iliods and Ihe Suciely of his youth and his early manhood.
The storms of controversy and the whirlwind of division affected not his stead-
fast mind. He was a genuine pioneer of the olden time, and he gave Utile
heed to the changing fashions of the modern day. What he was and liad been,
that he continued to be to the close of his earthly career. He was greatly
attached to home and home life, leaving the farm upon which he dwelt only for
necessary business. One by one, but alas! how frequently drop into the gr.ave
the venerable pioneers; the relics of the generation of the olden time, who,
with severe and unremitting toil, in sterling honesty, and with unswerving in-
tegrity, laid the foundations broad and deep of Ihe prosperity of the latter day.

BENJAMIN PIKE was born in North Carolina in 1825; came with hia
father to Randolph County, Ind., in 1831 ; married Rachel Cox. and has three
children. He has been a farmer and huckster. He is a Friend, Abolitionist
and Republican. His health is poor, but he manages to be engaged in his
occupation mucli of the time. Mr. P. is a blulT and plain spoken, but honest
and upright citizen, and is endeavoring quietly but earnestly to accomplish ii
comfortable subsistence for himself and those placed under his care.

JOHN PIKE was born in North Carolina; came to Jericho, Randolph
County, about 1831 ; was twice married and had seven children : was a farmer,
tinker, clock peddler, blacksmith and what not; a Quaker in religion, and a
Whig, Abolitionist and Republican in politics. Caring little for the opinions of
the world, he asked simply wh.at is right; and having answered the question
to his own satisfaction, he followed steadily and faithfully the leadings of

THE POLLY FAMILY were an important and prominent group in the
early times of Wayne Township, The elder Polly was a native of Virginia, by
name, William Polly, Sr. His birth was about 1774. He was laken to Ken-
lucky when a lad and grew up there, marrying in that Stale. They emigrated
to Ohio, county not known. Before 1812, he had settled in Preble County,
Ohio, moving to Madison County in 1814, and to Darke County in 1819, twelve
miles east of Greenville. He died there in 1846, at the age of seventy-two
years. His wife's name was Jemima Kelso, who died at the age of sixty-two
years. They had thirteen children ; twelve grew to mature age ; all the twelve
were married, and eight are living still. Mr. P. was a farmer, as to his voca-
tion, a Disciple in religious profession, and a Democrat in early times, but in
his later years a " Liberty Man," voting for Birn»y for President. The names
of his children are given below: Sarah (Mcintosh), had eight children, is

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

dead; James, has had nine children, i« living in Iowa, eighty years; Mary
(Snodgrass), nine hoys, is dead: Mlizahelh (Jackson-llarlani, had eight chil-
dren, is deid ; Williiim, has nine children, farmer, near HoUansburjr, Ohio,
seventy-four years; Jemima (Harlan), eight chil Iren, lives in Iowa, seventy
years old ; Jane (Mason), ten children, resides at Union City, sixty-eight years;
Isabella (Harlan), seven cliildren, Iowa, sixty-six years; Nancy (Harlan), five
children, is deail; Edith (Kenida), five children, is in Iowa; David, six chil-
dren, resides near Camden, Jay (^o.. Ind. ; Barnhill, four children, Mononn
County, Iowa; Lucinda, died at six years old. Eight of the above have
resided al some time in Randolph County, viz.: Sarah, married William Mcin-
tosh, lived near the town of Randolph, west of Barlonia, and moved to lown
and died in Monona County, in that Stale. Jame«, also lived at Randolph,
having a hotel there, and, besides that, keeping store on Greenville State ru.id,
east of the "GrilBs' farm," and elsewhere. He moved to Iowa some thirty
years ago, and resides there still. Mary, marrieil Mr. Snodgrasa, lived neiii
the town of Randolpli; moved to Delaware County, Ind., near Yorktown.
Jemima (Harlan), lived near Salem, removetl to New Lisbon, and to Iowa, re-
siding now in that State. Nancy (Harlan), lived near Salem, hut removed to
Iowa. Sarah, married Tliomas Mason, lives at Union City, Ind. D^vid, owned
a farm near Salem, laid out that town, s.ild goods there, and was otherwise
a prominent man, rcmoveil to Union City, and was for yeai-a a leading merchant
there; he failed in business and removed to near Camden, Jay Co., Ind.,
and now resides on a farm in that vicinity ; he is a Republican, and a member
of the Disciple Church. Uarnhill, also lived near Salem for many years,
moved to Marion, Ind., then to Minnesota, and still again to Iowa. He was a
farmer, and a Uepublican, and a DLsciple preacher, having labored thns in the
Gospel for more than forty years. Thus it will be seen iliat the I'oUy family
were leading citizens in the southern part of Wayne Township in early times,
for many years. But like many others among tlic pioneer families, most of the
members of the connection have changed their residences, and their places in
this county during the olden time are filled by those who knew tbetn not.

JOHN PRICE wa,s a native of Baltimore' County, Md. He w:is born Jan-
uary f), 182ij, being the son of Solomon and Barbara I'rico (deceased). They
came to Darke County, Ohio, in 1H34, and to Randolph County, lud., in 1S37,
the same year that vast numbers of other emigrants left their Eastern or .South-
ern homes to plunge into the Western wilds where land was chetp, and wolves
and deer and bears were almndant. John Trice was a child of eight yeiirg old
when he was brought to Darke County, Ohio, and a lad of thirteen when he
found his way to Randolph ; .so that he has been n resident of this oiinty for
more than forty years. In 18.5-J, he married Miss Sarah Dixon, daughter of
John Dixon. They have had fourteen children, and nine of them are living, viz.:
Mary A., Samuel H., Barbara E., Robert L., Martha K., Sarah 1^., John R.,
George E. and Emma M. Mr. Price is a large farmer, and raises stock exten-
sively, owning 350 acres of land ; he holds also twenty-seven shares in the
Union City and White River Turnpike Cnnpany, he having been, moreover.
Treasurer of that corporation for eight years. .Mr. Price is an influential
citizen, respected and esteemed by those who know him.

OLLEN S.\SSEK was born in Greensfork Township, Randolj.h Co., Ind.,
May IS, laSfi, being a son of William and Eliiabclh .Sa.sscr, who were natives
of North Carolina. He received a cummon-sohool education, being re.ared a
farmer's son, and toiling throughout his life to clear away the heavy timber
from the surface of the gonial fruitful soil in the county of his birth and his
lifelong abode. In March, 18r>'.), he married Mrs. Eliza (Harless) Williams,
■ ■ !r of Elias Harless. They 1 ■ "

in by h

* fan

le Fileua

.-ed h

ning

of land, and has been a lifelong II

JOHN SHEETS was born in Maryland, of German descent, about IT'.ii);
emigrated to Ohio, and about 1830, to Wayne Township, Randolph Co., Ind.,
entering the farm afterward owned by James Smith, and now by Hon. Naihar
Cadwallader, lying a little north of Union City, in Wayne Townslii]

in Ohio

Tried, a

any of w

• of elcv

1, all ul

n grew

widely separated through the
'., in.Tbout lH4i;, and died at

iged fifiy-two years. Mr.

ran, and in politics, a Whig.

171 ; he built the Eusminger

,r husbat

Auglaize Connty, Ohio: ho was a farmer,
nearly the first settler in the region west »I
That whole stretch of country remained a w

I rc..<ides 1
ling i;00 n

31-chiMr

of I

SAMUEL H. SHOi'KNEVis the son of William Shockney, having been
born in Maryland in 18i4; he came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1840, with
his father when but six years old In 186'i, he married Sarah A. Bulls, sister
of Rev. Nathan T. Butts, born in 1842. They have had nine children, and six
are living. The children are Rachel, Alis.a, William Thomas, Samantha, Thco-
diup Howard, Harry Belmoni, Pcrley, and two others. Mr. Shockney resides on

IST'.I, he erected a residence, co.-st" $(,20U, with Ihesurroundings, $ti.OOO. The
house is 5llxo2 feet, two stories, tivelve and eleven feel, and an attic, an also a
basement under the whole house ; building, frame ; basement, stone ; basement
five rooms, six in each story above, besides five halls, and closets to every room.
The house has forty-two .loors, and twenty-seven large windows and nineteen
attic windows and several in the ba4emeut. The hiuse is splendidly finished ;
the front door alone, with surrounding-i, cost $200. Transoms are over every
door, giving excellent ventilation. Mr. Shockney has a wind-pump, supplying
water to the cellar, basement, kitchen, bath-room, barnyard, stable and field.
He seems to be a plain, warm-hearted, genial firmer, not pufl'ed np by his good
fortune, but disposed to enjoy life iu-a healthful and sensible m.anner.

PETER M. SHULT/, was born in Nicholas County, Ky., August 23,183-3,
and is a son of George M. and Martha Shultz, who removed from Kentucky to
Highland County, Ohio, the same year in which Peter was born. He Wiis ed-
ucated in the common district schools of Highland County, and in 1862 came
to Indiana and settled in this county. He learned the trade of carpenter and
sawyer and followed it for .some time, but of late years has turned his atten-
tion to farming. In 18.').!, he married Miss Julia A. Moore, and has four chil-
dren. He was a soldier during the w.ir, serving two years in Company H,
One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers, holding a Lieutenant's
' ' ■ ■' " of his discharge; he and his wife are now members of

the)

ville.

d Northwest. He moved to Eel River, Im
North Manchester. Eel River, Ind., in lH."il,
Sheets was a farmer; in religious descent, a Lulhi
His son, Lewis Sheets, resided in this region till 1
House, omong the earliest in Union City. In 18"
is also A farmer, owning 200 acres of land in Indiana and 40tl acres in .Min-
nesota ; be is a Republican.

WILLIAM SHELLEV first opened his eyes upon the light of day in Mont-
gomery County, Ohio, September 19. 183H, whose parents were Jacob and Re-
becca Shelley. They came to Randolph County in 1840, William being a lad
of eight years; bis father being a farmer, William was reared to ihe vocation
uf a tiller of the ground, and he now owns and cultivates a nice, though small
farm, comprising n tract of eighty acres of tilled land and woodland. He re-
mained unmarried until 1873, and on the 6th of .ipril, of that year, he was
joined in the sacred bonds of wedlock to Miss Elizabolh Dixon. They have two
children— Harry G. and Nora L. The parents are both acceptable nieiriher.-j of
the Christian society at Harrisville, Randolph Co., In. I.

WILLIAM SHOCKNEV, we.st of Bartonia, was born in A
married Rachel Oursler in 1830, who was born in 1811, and
ning in 18fi2, who was born in 1803. He had three children,
is now living. Mr. Shockney came to Randolph County in I84ti,

WILLIAM S.MITH wiUi born in While River Township, Randolph Co.,
Ind., June 2, 1831, being a son of Dur.ant Smith, who is one of the early
pioneers of Randolph, and is still living al a great agr, his wife having died a
few years ago. Like most other boys he was reared on a farm, and went to
school in a log cabin solioolhouse. He was married, in 1864, to Miss Catharine,
daughter of Samuel Conklyn, who was himself one of the earliest pioneers of
the eastern part of Wayne fownship. Their children have been nine in num-
ber, to wit: .Sarah E , George W., Viola. William R., Samuel D., Charles A.,
Mary .M., Harry, Liietta. Mr. S. was a member of the Eighty-fourth Indiana
Volunteer Infantry, t;uuipany H, particijnling in various skirmishes and
engagements. But by constant exposure his health failed, and he was accord-
ingly discharged. Mr. S. has held the office of Assessor of Wayne Township
from IStili to 1870 inclusive, discharging the duties of his responsible position
with credit and to the satisfaction of his fellow-citizens. He is the owner of
thirty-five sh.ares of stock in the Union City .'4 While River Turnpike Company;
was Director of the Company for live years, and Treasurer during two years.
He owns eighty acres of land, being part of his father's homestead, as also lot
No. 483, on North Columbia street, I'nion City. Mr. and Mrs. Smith arc
members of the Christian Church at Harrisville, though by birthright .Mr. S.
belonged to the Society of Friends.

HANNAH TKETEIl was born in 1782, in Bedford County, Pcnn. Her
husband's name was Abrain Teeter, and he died in 1838, in Pennsylvania.
She moved to Darke County, Ohio, in 183'.l, and Randolph County, Ind., in
1840; she had ten children and eight were with her, two having been married
in Darke I ounty, Ohio ; tliei-c were four boys and six girls; two boys and three
girls are living now. She entered forty acres where John D. Teeter now resides,
south of Union City. She raised her family, remaining a widow during thirty-
four years, and died in 1872, ninety years old. The old lady remained healthy
and strong, except that she was for eight years subject to fits, and for the two
last years of her life she was blind, Mrs. T. belonged to the Dunknrds. Her
son, I lavid Teeter, bought a lot in Union City. The lown wa-^ laid out in 1849, and
the lots were sold iu 1840-50, some of them at le.ast. David Teeter built the
house since called the " Star House. " io the winter of 184!)— 50, the first house
put up on the i>lat of the lown, except that two cabins were on the ground
when the pint was made. A frame house was raised for Henry Debolt in 1851,
and in Ihe spring of 1852 a frame was put up also for John Frazier and Jack
Downing. Daniel Weimar was the contractor, but J. B. Teeter and Hezekiah
Fowler put up the fr.amcs, both Debolt's and Frazier's. The next house put
Uji was the Forest House, July, 1852. David Teeter died at his mother's in

'" "" ' of Mrs. Hannah Teeter, WM a carpenter, and

, but tor twelve years he has sold medicines
tnrougn lue region, lie was oorn in 1830. married .Maria Brandon, sister of
Thomas A. Brandon, elergjmnn of Union City. Tliey have seven children.
He is a Republican, and n steady, thriving citizen. Mrs. Teeter was a remark-
able instance of a resolute woman, a widow with eight children to be supported,
who vigorously pushed her way into the wild woods and sternly fought the
battles of poverty and distress, coming off grandly victorious. Boldly enter-
ing the virgin forest of Randolph in her firty-cighth year, nearly old enough
already to lay hard work aside, she yet survived thirty two years longer, bat-
tling with hard toil and .advanoin^r age combined, and only yielding in the con-
Hid when twenty years were past aliove the allotted "threescore years and

(iEi)RGE THOMAS. Jericho, is Ihe son of Benjamin Thomas, Newport.
Wayne Co., Ind. He was born in Wayne t.'ounly, Ind., in 1814, and married
Asenath Hill, daughter of Henry Hill, of Jericho, Ind., in 1833 (who was barn
in .North Carolina in 1815). They settled in Jericho in 1835, went to Nora,
111., iu ISr.li; 10 Newport, Ind., in 1858; to Jericho, Ind., in 1860: to Iowa in
18(i3, and to Randolph County, Ind., in 187.'i, and they now reside in Jericho,
on a portion of her fatliers farm. They have had three children, one of whom
is dead. The two surviving children are Elvira ( Diggs), now of Iowa, who has
onechiM: Sarah (.Moore), and she resides at Jericho, and has ten children.
Their husbands .-iic both farmers. Mrs. Thomas' health has boon VC17 feeble for

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

miny years, but she still holds out a' d in fiict enjoys better health at t
(January, 1883), than she has done ■ jr ti-cnty years before. Mr. Tho
his wife are both members of Friem 3. In early days they were Ami-
Friends, their parents and relati\es ( as also themselves) uniting with that body
of people upon the "separation," • hich occurred in about 184:!, from the
regular Orthodox Quakers, chiefly n thin the bounds of the Richmond Yearly
Meeting, then perhaps the largest in the world. The Thomases, the Hills and
others, were very active among many ithers in promoting the Free Labor move-
ment, which was, for a time, consider d very important as a means of strength-
ening the Anti-Slavery feeling throuf iiout the South. Nathan Thomas, Henry
Charles, and perhaps more besides them, traveled through various Southern
regions seeking out " Free-Labor cotton," planting " Free-Labor gins," etc., etc.
For some years the movement showed considerable activity, evincing at least a
high degree of conscientiousness on the part of its promoters, and a strong sen-
sitiveness against giving countenance or support in any possible way to evil-
doing.

ELIHU THOMPSON is a son of George and Hannah Thompson, and was
born in Wayne County, Ind., on the 23d day of May, 1840. He was brought
up on a farm, receiving only a limited education, such as was afforded by' the
district schools. He was one of nine children, and is the only one now living,
three brothers — Wilson, Isaiah and Howard — having lost their lives while
serving in the Union army during the war of the rebellion. In 1846, he came
with his parents to this county, and in 18159, he was married to Miss Nancy
Bowen, by whom he has had three children, one of whom is now dead. Mr.
Thompson is now engaged in farming .and stock-raising, and is the agent for
the northern half of Indiana for the Mystic Carpet Sweeper.

JOHN M. TURNER was born in White River Township, Randolph Co.,
Ind., September 14, 1840, being a son of William Turner, a former resident of
Randolph, but now of Jay Ounty, Ind. Reared on a farm and educated in
' ' " ' ■ ■ ■ • a steady, hard-

He w

ompany H, Eighty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, remaining
in the service one year. He was married, June 4, 1865, to Miss Mary J.,
daughter of John Hartm.au. They have had four children, viz.. Efiie C, Loftus
0., Minnie A. and Mary 0. Mrs. T. died March 9, 1879, having been a worthy
and acceptable member of the Christian Church, to which Mr. T. himself also
belongs. He remains a widower, his household affairs being cared for by his
daughters, Effie and Minnie, who .are respectively fifteen and eleven years old.
Mr. T. owns 20:1 acres of land in Wayne Township, besides a half interest in
194 acres in Greensfork Township. He is a stanch Republican, and takes a
deep interest in public affairs, having also served one term as Township Trustee
of Wayne Township.

WILLIAM TURNER (now of Camden, Jay County). Mr. Turner (though
not at this time a resident of the county yet), has spent so much of his time
and his means here, that we think it proper to insert an accouot of him in this
work, under the head of Wayne Township. William Turner was born in Vir-
ginia in 1816. being a son of Randolph Turner. They moved to Tennessee in
1818, and to Alabama in 1826. His father died in Alabama, in 1828, and in
WSn, he came with his widowed mother to Randolph County, Ind. They came
with a four-horse C:irolina wagon and a one-horse carry-all. There were nine
in the company, and it was in the fall of the year. During the. journey, which
lasted a month, they camped out in a tent. Their arriv.al in this county was
in November, and snow had fallen. Their condition as to property was medium,
being considered, in fact, as well off for these times. He married M.argaret
Monks, in 18:i9. She was the daughter of .Tohn Monks, and the sister of
Gforge W. Monks. They were the parents of thirteen children, eleven of
whom lived to be grown and ten are living atill. Eight of them are married
and two are single. The children .are : John, who has four children; Elmira,
has one child; Susanna, has one child ; Cyrus, has none; Julia Ann, who is
dead ; Thomas, who has three children ; Matilda, who has four children ; Eliza-
beth, who died at five years; Emma Catharine, died an infant; William, has
nu children; Jesse, has no children ; Lucinda, single; Emma Catharine (second),
single. Mr. Turner resided first eouth of Winchester, but moved to near S.a-
lem, southwest of Union City, in 184S, in which neighborhood he owned at one
time 500 or 600 acres of land. He moved to Union City, residing in that
vicinity three or four years, but for some years his home ha,s been near Cam-
den, Jay County. He had a fine landed property, but has suffered heavy finan-
cial reverses, and has lost the greater portion of his estate. Through most of
his life he has been a farmer, working also for several years as a carpenter. He
invested heavily in Union City, erecting the Opera Hall at a cost of §-.'1,000,
which turned out to be nearly a total loss. In politics, he was a Whig, and U
a Republican. He joined the Methodists in 1833. the Disciples, at Salem, in
1850, and the United Brethren, ne.ar Camden, in 1880. Although prostrated
by severe pecuniary losses, he is, nevertheless, not disheartened ; but " hoping
on, hoping ever," he is still struggling manfully in the great life-confiict,
receiving meekly, moreover, the measure of success allotted by the Great Dis-

THOMAS WELCH was b..rn in Randolph County, Ind., December 17.
1840, being a son of William and Elizabeth Welch, who came from Ohio in
about 1837. settling in Ramiolph County. He was brought up on the farm,
receiving his education in the common schools. He has been twice married,
the first lime to Miss Rebecca Shelley, in 1861, who died in 1875; and the
second time, to Mrs. Margaret Coddington, October 7, 1880, who had been by
a previous marriage the mother of five children, three of whom are living, viz.,
Mary J., Kosa and Ezra. Mr. W. has been the father of nine children, seven
of whom still survive, viz.. William, Jacob, Alice, Ida, James, Effie and Maggie.
His present wife is a member of the Christian denomination. Mr. Welch owns
228 acres of land, and is an energetic and successful farmer. His grand-
parents, Thomas and Mary Welch, emigrated to Randolph in 1X37. his grand-
father having been a native of Pennsylvania, and bound out when a lad to a
man by the name of Greer; but not being satisfied with his situation he left

known Uved in Eastern Ohio.

JAMES WHITESELL (P. 0. Harrisville) is a worthy farmer of Wayne
Township, being a native of Jlontgomery County, Ohio, born February 9,
1818. His father, Jacob Whitesell, had his birth in North Carolina, and hia
mother, Mary Whitesell, in Ohio. Reared on a farm in the then new regions
of Ohio, and educated in the traditional log cabin, on slab seats and warmed
before fire-places with dirt hearths and walls, and siick-aod-clay chimneys, he
came, a youth of twenty years, to Randolph County,;ind.,|settling in the woods
in 18.38, during which year and the year previous, more ihfin half the land in
Randolph was entered for settlement. It was, indeed, a time for hard and
sleadfasr. work, in which chopping, rail-.splitling, rolling logs, etc., were more
common than horse-trading is at the present time. He has assisted at rolling
logs and raising houses for weeks in succession. Mr. W. was married rather
late in life, to Miss Elizabeth A. Coddington, daughter of Ezra K. Coddington.
August 16 1866, at the age of thirty-eight years. They have been the parents
of five children. Four are living, viz., Mary J., James, Perry and Laura B.
Mr. W. served as Justice of the Peace for Wayne Township for llirce years.
He owns 172 acres of land, and is a member of F. & A. M., being a prominent
and respected citizen of the locality in which he resides.

ELIZABETH (HART,MAN)WIGGS,wifeof Windsor Wiggs,now of Portland,
Jay Co., Ind.; daughter of John Hartman, and the sister of Soloinon Hartman,
both of Wayne Township. She was born about 1830 probably in Pennsylvania ;
came with her father, first to near Greenville, Darke Co., Ohio, in 1832, and
afterward to Wayne Township, Kandolph Co., Ind., in 1848. She became the
wife of Windsor Wiggs, Jr., and was the father of seven children, all girls-
Cornelia (Coats), husband operator at Greenville; Belle (Starbuck), huabitnd
(a son of Edward Starbuck, late banker of Union Clity), now resident of Chi-
cago; Carey (Johnson), husband telegrapher at Kniglitstown, Ind.; Sarah
Frances, unmarried ; Delia, lately married at Portland, Ind. ; Lucy, unm.arried,
at home with her father. Airs. Wiggs died .several years ago, and her hus-
band, after awhile, married for his second wife, Mrs. Almaretia daughter
of the famous Dr. Milligan, of Jay County, Ind., and later of Recovery, Mer-
cer Co., Ohio, and they now reside at Portland, Jay County, after having dwelt
for a time on a farm near Liber, in that county, upon one of the several farms
inherited from her father. Mr. Wiggs is the .son of Windsor Wiggs, Sr., a
pioneer of Greensfork Township, Randolph County, and was for many years
an active citizen of Randolph as farrocr, merchant, grain-dealer, business man,
auctioneer, etc.. etc.

LUTHER C. WILLIAMSON, son of .John M. and Nancy F.Williamson,
was born in Wayne Township, this county, on the iBth day of January. 1849.
He was raised on a farm and brought up to the business of farming. He was
educated in the common schools of the township and in Union Cily graded
school. After arriving at maturity, he taught one term of echool in Blackford
County, Ind. On the 24th day of August, 1872, he married Sarah, daughter of
Henry Bowman, .and they have three chiMren, all living. They first settled on
a small piece of land in W.ayne Township, four miles southwest of Union City,
to which he has added by purch.ase, until he has now seventy acres— "a small
farm well tilled "—with good dwelling and outbuildings. In the spring of
1882 Mr. Williamson was elected Road Superintendent for Wayne Town,ship,
which office he now fills.

JOHN M. WILLIAMSON was born in 1812, and died in 1874, aged sixty-
'•— years, being buried in Hoover Cemetery, south of Union City. He came
200 acres in the forest, south of what is now
gloomy, dismal wilderness region. He married
Nancy Wasson. They had ten children, eight of whom are yet alive. Their
names, etc., are as follows: Harvey, lives in Jackson Township, has four
children; John, lives in Wayne Township, has one child; Dock, lives in Wayne
Township, has two children; Ivens, lives in Wayne Township, has two chil-
dren; Philene (Graves), lives in Wayne Township, has one child; Isabella
(Perkins), lives in Wayne Township, has no children; Ba.xter, lives in Wayne
Township, unmarried ; Peter, lives in Wayne Township, unmiirried. Mr. W.
died some years ago. owning at the time of his death 240 acres of land south
of Union City, and his widow occupies the whole homestead still.

JAMES WOODBURV was born in Athens County, Ohio, June 19, 1825.
He came with his father, Nathan P. Woodberry, to AVayne Township, Randolph
Co., Ind., in 1839. November 4, 1849, he married Harriet Conkling. They
have had seven children, all living and five married. His education was
obtained mostly at home. He has taught school some, but his business hag
been farming, in which he takes an honest pride, and he rejoices in his abun-
dant success. Mr. W. is an active and prominent citizen, in politics, in agri-
culture and in business matters in general, though he has scarcely over held
public office. He has been Township Treasurer, .Manager of the Union Fair,
hehl at Union City, member of County Executive Republican Committee, etc.
In youth, he joined the -Methodist Episcopal Church, though he is not a mem.
ber at present. As to politics, in early manhood he was a Democr.at, voting,
however, for Gen. Taylor; but in 1856, he joined the Itcpublican party, and is
still a member thereof. Mr. W. is in the vigor of middle life ; an energetic,
successful farmer, and a valuable and respected citizen, owning an extensive
and valuable farm some two miles southwest of Union City, from whicn, by
means of agriculture, stof-k-raisiug, etc., he realizes a generous income.

THE WOODBERRVS. [Note.— In early times, it was the fashion to spell
the name as given above, and we have written it accordingly. James Wood-
bury, however, chooses another method, which other method has, therefore, tor
him and his, been adopted.]

ROBERT WOODBEKRV, great-grandfather of James Woodbury, came to
Ohio about 1790 or sooner, being one of the shareholders in the (")hio Land
Company of that day, and, as .such shareholder, owning 1,300 acres of land.
Nathan Woodberry. grandfather of James Woodbury, was born in Beverly,
" '^~ ""■■ "■ <-—■■'•' •-■=" ' ■ • ' County, Ohio, before

early to this cc

Esse-\ Co., Mass., November 28, 1759, and ci

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

18(X), and resided there till his denth. Nntlmn P. Woodberry, father of James
Woodhnry, was born io Athens Ck)unty, Oliio, April 23, 1800. He came to
Randolph County, In 1., in 183!), and settled about two miles south of Union
City, near the gravel bank on the Slate line. He entered a half-scciion two
milea northeast of Winchester, and purchased 480 acres south of Union City,
on a part of which .Tames Woodbury now resides. He first lived in a c.ihin on
the Ohio side, but soon built a residence on his own land in Indiana, in which
he lived for thirty years or more. He died March li, 1878, aged seventy-
81,'ven years ten months twenty-two days, .it his residence south of Union,
where his aged widow still lives. He was married, August 29, 1824, to
Susanna .Tennings (who was born in Somerset County, Penn . in 1806), in
I'erry County, Ohio. They had nine children ; eight came to be grown and
married, and five are living. They were James, living, seven children ; George,
dead, twelve children ; Charles, dead, five children : Nathan, living, one child ;
Sarah, living; Nancy, dead, two children; Luoinda, living, two children;
SH-<anna, dead ; Daniel, living, four children. He was a tall, striight, robust,
young-looking old man; learned shoemaking in his youth, but was a farmer
and brick-mason, n natural genius, and could do almost anything needful. His
widow's health is good, her age being seventy-five years. Till 1856, he was a
Democrat, but joined the Ilepublicans in that year, and so continued till his
death. In rel'gious connection, he was a Methodist. When he died he was
the owner of 200 acres of land. His father, Nathan Woodberry. was a Method-
ist nearly all his life, but in his later years, he joined the Christians (New
Lights). He died in 1838. in his seventyninth year. N. W., the elder, was
employed in the United .States Nnval Service during the Revolutionary war.
He had on hand at the close of the war several thousand dollars of Continental
money, which were a total loss. He left it with a friend to lay out for land,
but that "friend" expended all his own and neglected to invest that belonging
to Mr. W.. and it became worthless. When in a naval engagement, a cannon-
ball cut in two a cousin standing by his side but left him unharmed. One
of his children was horn "in the woods." They lived eight miles from the
nearest neighbor, and, not wishing to bo alone, they started on horseback to go
those eight miles; but the crisis came about midway of the distance, the child
was born there in the woo Is, and they reached their destination about night-
fall. Mr. Woodherry's house was a place for travelers to stop on their cast-
wan! way. and the statesmen of those times were often his guests. One night
Lewis Cass was there, and the boys being noisy, Cass drew out a huge knife
and jumped at them, crying, "Hush!" Theyhushed! Another time, one of
them came up on horseback. The family were at dinner, eating mush and

came in and slipped into Ihe lad's seal, and look a howl filling it with the
simple and healthful food, much to Ihe ohigrin of the mistress of the mausion,
that so distinuuished a guest should have nothing but mush and milk !

EDWIN It. WOODBRBIiV was born in Athens Couuty, Ohio. October 17,
1820, and is a son of William aul Margaret Woodberry. He c.imc to this
counly in 1830. and for two winters taujht school in Darke County, Ohio, and
one winter in this county. In the fall of 1841, he was mirried to Miss Eliza-
beth Duvall, by whom he has had fifieen children, thirteen o<- whom are now

Union City, and by occupation is a carpenter. His wife died .Inly 28, 1870.

UNION CITY.

Two Immlred and fifty-two lots; Jciomiah Suiitlj. pn.|,i-i.>tor.
Si7.(^ ot ))lat, ion aci-p.'^. 'Lociition soudiPM.st <niartiT of S(>i-tion
2."). 18. 1, on Ohio Hup |o.vtoiidod iiftPiwai-d into SHctious '21 and
30 1 Itecorded Dwoinhcr IT, 1S4'.(. | ITnion City is in two
States, Indiana and Ohio. I)iii. oach State has a distinct oorpoia-
tion.]

The plat was orrootnd and pnlav-.-d, th.- planl.pin- radjpallv
changed, thp an;rlp of tlip stwpts liein^' niadp diflfpivnt, tli.- lots
Biuallpi- and nion- nnniPious. otc Tlip iipw plan and plat wciv
rPfonlp.l FohniJirv ('>, IS.'.t. „,orp than f<,ar vpars jiftoi- thp tii-.st
was mad... In tho new plat timrp wpiv tS:} lots. Tlip stivPts
arp luo.stly not "s<piarc with tho world." hnt run at a considpra
hlp an<Tlo. the northw;ird strp -ts vpprinj; toward tho west, Tlip
north and south streots (lip^jiuninrr with State Line) were as fo|.
lows: State Lino. Union, Coliiml)ia. Howard, Pl.un, Waiimt,
High (and Broadway, oast of the !5i;inliaiii House, from Pearl to
Chnstnnt, atiross the dnpot). TliP oa-;t and wpst streeta. bei;in-
niu<T at the north, were Division Idiroptlv uast and west), Hiok-
orv. Oak. Pearl. Smith. CliPHtnut, Smith .street is <m the rail-
road, and Chestnut is south of tlip railroad. TliP streets aiP
pj-hty feet wide, esf -pt Smith and Broadway, whii'h are UK)
feet, and Division and State Line, which arc much narrower th;in
ei;jht.v feet. The alhns in tlie ori^cinal plat are thirlv feet wide

First, addition, Coiiver^e's, J. N. Converse, jiroprietor, R,.-
corded Jiilv 1. ]Kyl K. L Watson, siirvevor. Fiflvsix ;icre.,
•220 lots. Lo^Mtion, south of the orijrinal |.Iat. on the State lini'
in the iiorth-ist ipinrter of Sei-tiou :{(>, I.S. I

. Vii

I :\rai

Second addition, Carter's; S, L. Carter, proprietor. Fifty
lots, E. h Watson, surveyor. Location, east of Howard and
north of Division. New street east and west. Carter street. Re-
corded July 17. 18r.3.

Third addition. Converse and Misaissinewa Valley Railroad;
thirty-two lots, many ot them larije. Location, north of Divis-
ion and west of Howard, in tha northeast quarter of Section 25.
IS. ]. Recorded Deceiaber 13, ISoO.

Fourth addition. Haney, Fisher & Fcriruson's. Jacob Ha-
ney. R. L. Fisher. David Ferguson. pro[)riet6rs. Forty-t.vo lots.
Location, soma distance west, north of Oak. New streets north
and south. Sycamore, Mulberrv, Chatham. Recorded October
•23, 1800.

Fifth addition. MinnicKs: John Minnick, proprietor.
Twelve lots. Lonikion. north of a narrow street next north of
Division and b-twaen H>w.ird and Plum (south part of Lot 50,
Converse and ^lississinewa Valley Raih'oad Addition). Record-
ed August -20. 18G7.

Sixth addition. Bradford's; Joel Bradford, proprietor. Nine
lots. Location. bLitween Union and State Line, north. Record-
ed September 30. 1807.

Seventh addition, Cart^n'"s Second; S. L Carter, proprietor.
Forty-live lots. Between State Line and Howard, north part of
town. Rei'orded November "2. 1872.

Eighth addition. S. C. Carter's: S, C. Carter, projirietor.
Eight lots. Location, north of Minnick's Addition, between
Howard and Plnni. north part of Outlot No. 50. Recorded April
17. 1874,

Ninth addition. T R. Turners; T. R, Turner, proprietor.
Six lots. Location, east side of Howard, north of S. L. Carter's
Addition Recorded August 8, 1874.

Tenth addition. Worthington's; W. T. Worthington, pro-
prietor. Fourteen lots. Location, west of Haney & Ferguson's
Addition, west ot Chatham street. Recorded December 24, 1 874,

Eleventh addition. Worthington's Second. W. T. Worthing
ton. )iroprietor. Fifteen lots. Location, north of Carter's Sec-
otid .\d.lition. Recorded Decembpr 21. 1874.

Twelfth ad.lite.n. FisliPf-s: K. S. Fisher. Charley Heitzman.
proprietors. Sixteen lots. Location, south of S. L. Carter's
Second Addition, east of Howard. Recorded February 10, 1875.
I Thirteenth addition, (rullett's; .^lex GuUott, proprietor.
j Twenty-five lots. Loc:ition. e;ist ot BothtLst's brickyard, nortli-
i west part of town. Recorded February 18, 1875.

Fourteenth addition. Dotv's, Moi-ris Dot\'. iiroprietor. Six
: outlets. Location, between Howard and Pliim to North pike.
I Recorded August 27. 1875.

Fifteenth addition. Doty's Second; Morris Doty, projirietor.
Five lota. Location, west" of Plum, Piu'k and north to pike.
Recorded ()ctr)l,er 14. 1875.

Sixteenth addition. Turner's, August 8. 1874. Replatted bv
Third Buihling and Loan As.sociation. Six lots. Location,
same as Turner's Additi.>n (ninth). Recorded June 1, 18'-.0.

Seventeenth addition. Livengood's : Maria C. Livengood.
administratrix of J.acob Livengood. jn'oprietor. Forty -five lots
Location, north, between Howard and Plum, and west of Plum.
New street. Lynn, east and west Recorded April (i, 1877.

Eighteenth addition, .lacksou's: J. R. Jackson, proprietor.
Seventy-two lots and a park. Location, south of Park (includ-
ing Park), west of Pimn street Recorded November, 1880,
New streets north and south, Jackson; east and west Fisher.
Heitzman.

Union City, Ind.. wiis lirst laid out by Hon. Jore Smith in
' 1819, containing 252 lots, and was afterwm-d replatted and en-
larged-with 4S3 lots, this latter plat having been recorded Feb-
ruary (., 1S54. The original plat of the town comprised 100
a<-res, or li;ilf ii mile sipiiue, being the southeast quarter of Sec-
tion 25. IS. 1 west

Large additions have been made from time to time (about
eighteen or more, in all) in Indiana, till the entire town in that
State covers nearly a mile square— perha})s rather more than that

It is a curious fact that, north of Division street which marks
the north line of tho quarter-section, and of the original half-
. mile plat, there ai-o scarcely any east and west streetB. How the

J&>

')- 1^71. /fat y-n
SIMEON BRANHAM.
Siincmi Branham was born in Scott County, Ky., in 1806. His
mothpi' (liffl in 1813 ; Ms father married again and removed to Jefferson
Coiiniy, Inci., in 1815 (sixty-seven years ago), and to Bartholomew Coun-
ty, Ind,. IS2n, after the public lands there had been surveyed, but before
they had lieeu offered for sale, Mr. Branham, the elder, died soon after-
ward (in 1822). The subject of our sketch was then a lad of sixteen
years, one out of fifteen children, t«n by the first wife and five by the
second. Mr. Branham says : " My father was very poor, and his death
left his widow utterly destitute. I assisted her to her brother's, forty
miles distant, and then struck out into the world, to fight the battles of
life, poor, friendless, an orphan. As I was going along through the woods
on that sad journey of kindness and affection to assist my widowed and
desolate step-mother, I looked out upon my future career, and reflected :
' Here I am, a poor, helpless orphan boy I What I become, I must, by
God's help, achieve for myself. I cannot afford to drink spirits, nor use
tobacco, for such an expense will keep me poor, and I can never rise.
By the grace of God, I will never use either.' And I nevej have. By
His strength I have been enabled to keep sacred the solemn vow that in
my lonely and helpless orphanhood, in that dreary forest path I made."
Simeon Branham moved to Jennings County, Ind., 1831 ; to Johnson
County, Ind., 1849 ; and to Union City, August 23, 1853, and this city
n his home ever since that day. He married Jemima Chambers
835. They have had six children, five living still.
'. was a carpenter and wagon-maker ; sold goods for twelve years ;
followed railroading and track-laying for four years. At Union City he
has kept eating house and hotel, as also a boot and shoe store, and a
stiire. He built the Branham House in 1855, and opened hotel in
;iik1 has continued in it mostly ever since. Mr. Branham is an ar-
ia-publican, and an active member of the Disciple Church, having
a Trustee from the beginning. He has often been solicited to serve
iiwn in various public capacities, but he has, for the most part de-
1 such service. He was, however. Town Trustee, and also School
A.'e of Union City. When he was a youth, he followed wagoning.

Mrs S Branham

I wood-chopping, etc. He has chopped cordwood at 2o cents a '.'i.rd and

j boarded himself.

I Three brothers and two sisters are supposed lo be liviug, onp :, ste-

in Chicago, and one in Iowa. The brothers are in Anderson, Ma.i iusvillo
and Princeton, Ind.

Mr. Branham has been, during his life, remarkably active, energetic
and reliable, and has been blessed with a good degree of worldly success.
He is highly esteemed and beloved by his fellow-townsmen, and by the
public generally. His hotel was established almost at the commencment
of the business activity of the place and of the railroads centeri-ng here,
and it has enjoyed from the start an extensive and reliable patronage.

The reputation, success and esteem attained by our worthy friend is
an affecting example of what, in this blessed country of ours, a poor,
friendless orphan lad may achieve by the Divine blessing upon his faith-
ful and persevering labors. Be the motto of every poor orphan, and of
everybody else as well —

" Never give up I It is wiser and better
Always to hope, than once to despair."
Je.vim.\ Chambers Branham was born in the Territory of Indiana,
in that portion which has since become Jefferson County, on the 10th day
of October, 1811. Her parents were James and Mary Chambers, wH6 were
both natives of North Carolina, but came to the Territory of Indiana a
short time prior to their marriage, probably in 1807. When she was ten
years old, her father died, and eight months later, her mother died, leav-
ing her and five other children with limited means and to the uncertain-
ties of pioneer life. She was raised on a farm, without educational ad-
vantages, and subjected to the necessity of earning her own living. She
was married to Simeon Branham at Vernon, in Jennings Count}-, in 18—,
since which time her life has been parallel with his, and to whom she has
been a helpmeet and counselor in all the events of a long, active and use-
ful life. Mother Branham yet lives in the enjoyment of fair health, and
the love and respect of all with whom she is acquainted. It is a note-
worthy fact, as seen by their biographies, that both her husbauLi and lier-
self were poor orphan children — she, at the age of ten, and he at about
sixteen years. And that desolate, impoverished orphanage helped ratlier
than hindered their substantial prosperity, since it gave them that stern
energy and that sterling economy and that sturdy self-reliance, withnut
which any advantages and opportunities, however great, prove ever use-
less and vain.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

437

proprietors expected the citizens to comiuuniciite with each other
in the north part of the town is hard to tell. Alleys even are
by no means abundant, and now, since Howard street has been
cut down to make what may be hoped to be a permanent grade,
interooiirso oast and west in the north part of tlio city is almost
wholly obstructed.

The various additions, with names of proprietors, date of rec-
ord, number of lots, location, et<!., may bo found in the general
statement at the commencement of this account of the city.

The location of the town is reasonably good. The ground
has a considerable elevation in some parts, rising at Oak street
to the height of say twelve feet alwve the railroad tracks at the
depots. Drainage and sewerage are somewhat difficult, but, with
proper care r.nd skill of engineering, not impossible.
. . From Oak street north and south, and also from Plum and
Howard' streets oast and west (in tho main part of the town), the
slope is gradual, but quite evident; and, by grading northward
on Howard and Plum, a good drainage may be secured.

Much labor has been spent during past years to establish a
suitable grade, not always, possibly, in the wisest manner, though
doubtless every Council has tried to do what seemed to them to
bo for the best, and it is to be hoped that in time a satisfactory
result may be accomplished.

The town has a very serious disadvantage in the fact that
gravel suitable for hard and durable streets is not easily ob-
tained. One would think that, perhaps, by and by, gravel banks
or pits near some of thovai'ious railways centering here might be
utilized, and the gravel be transported hither on the cars, and
hauled by wagons or drays to the streets. At any rate, Union
City has had difficulty enough, thus far. in constructing streets,
and with only moderate success.

It ought to be stated that, dui'ing the spring and summer of
18S2, a grand work has been performed in connection with the
sidewalks of the town, and that the same work is still going on
with wonderful ..cnerg}' and success.

Columbia, Oak and Pearl streets have been supplied with
walks of a jnost convenient and beautiful sort, the like of which
is to bo i»een in but few towns of any size. These walks are con-
structed, some of solid concrete and some of natural stone. The
concrete presents a smooth, continuous sui-face, appai-ently firm
aud lasting, and tte natui-al rock is laid down in large slabs,
say foiu- by ten feet, and several inches thick.

The tract of land which forms the original plat of Union
City, Ind., was pm-chased by Hon. Jere Smith, of Augustus Love-
land, May 7, 18411. Mr. Smith purchased also forty acres in
Ohio in 'lSr)2, between the two plats, of Fowler, father of Ga-
briel Fowler, now a business man of the place. That latter ti-act
remained unplatted and unimproved until about 1870. Union
City, Ohio, as originally platted, lay east of the forty- acre tract,
which iay vacant between the two towns, preventing Union City,
Ohio, from building up close to the State line. About ten years
ago, this forty-acre tract was platted, and has been considerably
improved. Much of it is occupied with shops, factories, lumber-
yards, etc.

The streets on the Indiana side are mostly at oblique angles,
some, however, being at right angles to each other, and some
not so. Those that ero.ss the railroad (" Bee- Line") run north-
west at an angle of several degi'ees, ex<rept Stat* Line, which
extends north and south.

Thj Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St Louis ("Pan-Handle")
Railroad crosses here the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & In-
dianapolis (" Bee-Line ") Railroad, and the Dayton & Union
Railroad has its northern terminus at this place. The city has
therefore excellent railroad accommodations, enjoying direct and
speedy communication with Cleveland, Cohimlms, Cincinnati, In-
dianapolis. Chicago aud St Louis — in fact, with the whole out-
side world.

It possesses a sjilendid system of water woiks, by means of a

grand and apparently ine.xhaustible well of water, sunk in thi

south p;u't of the city to the depth of some tweuty-one feet, coniiect-

> ed with powoi-ful steam works. It has been givatly deepened by

boring. Through a network of mains and smaller pipes, the wa-

ter is carried throughout the whole chief portion of the city,
thus f ui'nishiug the town both for private purpus&s and for pub-
lic use. Numerous manufacturing establishments draw from this
well a plentiful supply of water. A grist-mill, several saw-mills,
pianing-mills, stave factory, flax-mill, engine house, etc., etc..
are supplied with all they need, besides all other public and
private uses; and still, thus far, there is enough and to spare.
Hydrants, public watering troughs, private fountains, livery
stables, hotels, passenger depots and dwellings as well find no
lack of the life-giving fluid. Street-sprinklers and the tire de-
partment, moreover, obtain their abundant supply in the same
exhaustless soiu-ce — this wondrous public well! Tho water works
are indeed a priceless treasure to Union City. The original cost
was $40,000. 'The capacity of the well 'has been estimated at
800 gallons per,mi):fute.

As though it were ah underground ocean, it seems thus far
to have borne triumphantly every requirement. Whether there
is a limit, and if so, when it will be reached, cannot be foreseen.
The cost and trouble of obtaining and maintaining this supply
of water for the various purposes of the city and its inhabitants
has been and is exceedingly heavy; and the thought that, after
all. tho source may fail, or be found to be inadequate, is not
pleasant to contemplate, and it is highly desirable that such a
contingency may never arise, but that future generations may
rejoice, oven as does the present one, in a plentiful, undimin-
ished, perennial flow of pure, limpid, health-giving water; that
the supply may continue to bo, like the floods from the springs
of salvation, "enough for all, enough for each, enough for ever
more;" or, at an}' rate, enough so long as men remain on the
earth to stand in "need of the life preserving fluid. During the
summer of 1881, much labor was expended in trying to enlarge
the supply, an account of which has already been given in an-
other article, entitled " Union City Water Works."

In the spring of 1849, the ground on which this enterprising
town has since been built was owned by a settler by the name of
AugiLstus Lovelaud. There was on the tract scarcely a sign of
alteration or improvement by human hands. Mr. Loveland, its
owner, had a little opening and a cabin house and a log stable.
The cabin stood just north of the present residence of Hon. N.
Cadwallader, and the stable stood some rods farther west. He
had a well in front of his cabin, which continued in use for many
years after the establishment of the town, and the site of which
may still be known by a heap of cobble-stones near the sidewalk
on the west side of Howard street, just north of Pearl, almost in
front of the old Jackson property.

The Messrs. Smith (Jeremiah and Oliver H.) having succeed-
ed in establishing the Bellefoutaine Railroad upon its present
route, conceived the idea of building up a town at the State line.
Accordingly, the Loveland tract was purchased by Jeremiah
Smith in May, 1849, and steps were immediately taken for the
survey and platting of a town site. The growth of the place was
rendered more certain by the fact that the railroad from Bello-
I fontaine to Indianapolis was built by two companies, and in those
days goods had always to be trans-shipped at the termination of
! each road. About the same time, moreover, measures were takea
! which were effectual to change the route of the road which had
I been projected, and upon which much work had already been
' done, from Greenville to Winchester, so that the jimction with
I the Bollefontaine route should be at the State line, thus securing
! at once tlu-ee important outlets to the embryo town-east, west
and south — even before the new city had begun to be, except in
I the brain of those who had so shrewdly planned and managed
i tho whole affair. And besides, a road was planned and built
I from Columbus to Union City, thus making four roads to start
I the to^vn with, which, in those times, was an immense advantage.
I Tho town was surveyed and platted some time between May
' and December. 1849. iis the land was purchased in May and the
plat was recorded in December of that year. The lots were of-
fered some time in the winter or spring of 1850, and, among
other purchasers, David Teeter became the owner of a lot in the
projected town. Mr. Teeter was the brother of John Teeter, now

438

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

li\iug south of Union City, and the son of the Widow Teetei-,
who, wiih her large family, planted her stake in this wild forest
nearly fifty yeai-s ago. At the time of that purchase (February,
1850), no buildings were on the original site of Union City but
the cabin and the stable of Augustus Loveland, as abow described.

There was a house^north of Division street, between Howard
and Columbia, not far fi-om where old Mr. Carter used to live.
It was oc<'upied by a Mr. Ricard. The eighty-acre tract was
owned by a Mr. Orumi-ine, and Ricard rented it. Samuel Carter
bought the land afterward of Mr. Crumrine. On the lot pur-
chased by him, David Teeter proceeded, shortly afterward (say
March or April, 18150), to erect a dwelling. That editico was
and is at the southeast corner of Oak and Howard, and has long
been known as the Star House. It was the first building erected
in Union City. Mr. Teeter did not live to finish it. He had
been feeble in health for some time, and he grow worse, and
died iu May, 1850. The house was sold to Benjamin Hawkins,
and he finished it. Mr. Montgar lived in it awhile. No other
house was built in 1850. The second house was put up for
Henry Debolt. It was a frame, and was built by John Teeter
in the spring of 1851, and it stood near the present site of the
opera house.

The third wa.s the house where Dr. Yergin now lives, a one-
story frame building, replaced, in June, 1881, by an edifice with
brick front. Daniel Weimai- took the contract, and John Teeter
and Hozekiah Fowler, brother to Gabriel Fowler, built it for
John Frazier and Jack Downing, intending it for a saloon.
They used it for a year, perhaps, and quit. Those two houses
were the only onas built in 1851; but in the spring of 1852,
t hi ngs began to open out pretty lively. Four rai Iroad tracks were
rapidly concentrating upon that point in the w^oods on the Ohio
line, all of which were soon completed to Union City, but the
western end of the fourth (Union City to Logansport) had to
wait for several years.

The people, in the spring of 1852, seemed to begin to realize
the situation, and many appeared determined to become masters
of it, if possible. And so, early m 1 S52, settlei-s began to arrive.
As already stated, there were just three dwelling houses — the
original Loveland log mansion, the Star House (luitinished), and
the house built for Henry Debolt. But by July, 1852, several
houses had been erected aud several residents were on the ground.

Alfred Lenox, ouii of the earliest residents, says that when
ho came. July 2. 1852. the residents on both sides of the line,
but mostly in Ohio, were Messrs. J. D. Carter, Montgar. Dr. John
Diehl. V\'. A. C. Dixon. Jacob Livengood. John Hayes. Schultz

Hayes. Henrj- Debolt. Miller, John Teeter, Seth Hoke,

John Koons. J. J. Turjien came the same day — July 2. 1852.

The first saloon was kept in the building on Pearl street.

The demon of liquor proved itself worthy of its ancient name
on its first iutrotluction into the town, created a great row. and
caused the dischiu;go of seventeen railroad hands sewn after that
grog shop was opened. That saloon and another, by means of
some pretty energetic measures, were obligetl to "diy up." Other
attempts have been made to plant the fiery traffic in the midst of
the places of business and the quiet homos of our citizens on tlie
ludinna side, but without much success.

Abram Hoke, R. B. McKee, Dr. J. N. Converse. Benjamin
Hawkins, Mr. Searl, Enos Tiui)en, Simeon Branham. William
.A.ndprson, Samuel L. Carter, R. A. Willson. and doubtless many
others, came in 1852 or e^u-ly in 185.3.

Business first began neiir the point where the Dcerfield &
Greenville wagon road crosses the Dnyton & Union Railroad,
J. J. Turpen was weatherboarding (here a building for a store in
July, 1852. The building stands there yet. Ho set up the store
of wuich he had charge, the goods belonging to Mr. W'ard. con-
tractor on the Piqua ro:.d, in August, 1852, the first oh this
ground. John D. Carter had built a saw- mill near the brewery,
and cut (he first log about April 1, 1852. Alfred Lenox had tlie
first grocery, October to December, 1852, near the Deorfield
Crossing. He had a fine run of business, but his partner left,
.•md, having uo spare time himself (Lenox was working hands
ou the Dayton & Uuiou Railroad), ho sold tlio goods to a Greeu-
villo firm in December, 1852.

At this date, Messrs. Turpen, Lenox, Hayes, Livengood,
Johnson, Wintermot« and some others had dwellings near the
Deerfield Crossing,

Mr, LivengXKi had built a boarding house, perhaps the first
ou that ground, just opposite the store building above mentioned,
and east of the Detnticld road, and was boarding scores of hands
who were working on the railroads. That boarding house is one
of the cluster east of the Dcortiold road, at the extremt- i'astern
end of Union City, Ohio, north of the railroad tracks.

About this time, the iron -tracks, which had been so long in
preparation, were neai'ing the point. of conjunction at tlie new-
city in the woods at the line; and on Christmas Day, December
25, 1852, the Dayton & Union track-layers, straining a point
and laying their iron almost any way so as only to get it down,
reached the line with their iron, extending the rail about a foot
upon the sacred soil of Indiana. The Indianapolis line also
was near at hand, and before many days, tlie western track was
in town also, reaching the State line from the west, and the two
tracks were so joined that, on January 24, 1853, the first through
passenger train went from Dayton via Union City to Indianap-
olis. There was quite a village grown up between the
months of September and December, 1852, near the Den-
field Crossing, as though business might perhaps take hold at
that place. But it did not do so. That point proved to be away
from trade, and business left that spot and wandered westward.
The dwellings, however, still remain (some dozen small ones),
and are occupied. They are far east of the main town of Union
City, Ohio, and seem almost, as it were, a village or hamlet by
themselves. A strong effort was made to establish things in Ohio,
near the mill, and brewery and foundry. Mr. Carter had built
a saw-mill. David Fruits put up an immense fom'-story frame,
intended for an opera house, hotel and what not, but hi' soon '"got
through his pile," and his great frame stood there for a time,
projecting far into the upper air, and nicknamed the " <leadon-
ing" by the neighlx)i-s, until at length somebotly Iwuglit it, took
one story from the top and finished the rest for use [Orr House |,
Before long, a grist-mill, a brewery, a fonndi-y, etc., were ora<-t-
ed, a store oi two was started, and heroic eflbrts wore made io
hold the town in the Buckeye State. But all would not do.
General business could not be made to "stick " over there, but it
insisted on fleeing across the line and building its cozy nest in
the balmy Hoosier State.

In fact, the original intention of the projectors was that the
town should bo in Hoosierdom, and their plana could not \w
readily thwarted. Besides, to make assurance doubly sure, Mr.
Smith purchased forty aci-ea of land directly on the State line,
on the Ohio side, and held it vacant, refusing to sell to anybody
any of that tract, thus utterly pi-eventing the Ohio side from
building up to the business pai-t of the Indiana side. And that
gap between the two corporations continnod' for about twenty
years, until the supremacy of Union City, Iiid., was supposed to
bo so firmly established as to need to fear no rivalship.

The road from Bellefontaiuo was more tardy in its movements,
and midsummer had nearly come before the liue was complete
between the capital of the Hoosier Statu to the city of the b..>au-
tiful spring (Bellefontaine— beautiful fountain).

About January, 1853, Courtney Hayes started a gi-ocory across
the track from the old Orr Building (Ohio). There were sevend
residences in Indiana, and a hotel or two had lieen started
but no other business had yet begun there. In February, ]^'i':.
Benjamin Hawkins built a frame house where Stewart's (hrickj
grocery now stands, and put in a store of ch-y goods, and Jesse
Paxson became his clerk.

[Jesso Paxson says Mr. Hawkins hauled his gt)o<is from
Greenville, aud that the store was open etl out before the r,".ilroad
reached this place. And Robert B. McKee, who came here in
September, 1552, insists that Benjamin Hawkins was selling
goods at Union when he came, in September, 1852, Mi'. Pax-
son would be most likely to bo correct, because he built the house,
and, when the goods began to airive, Mi\ Hawkins told Mr, Pax-
son to open out the goods and go to selling them as his clerk,
without ever asking him beforehand or making any engagement
with him,]

WAVNK TOWNSmP.

Ab.,a(, the same Uiac, Mr Soar', l.uilt wliat i> imw the Nci,Hev
Buildiiij:. eiust ijf tho Branbaui Hou>i!, for a -rain wnrohnuse.
The ^riiiu business rose, abunst at a bound, to iniiucnse iirujior-
tions. The tinn changed partners mom or less. It was Scarl.
Searl & Hawkins. Converse, P.iison \-; Searl. etc.

Ml-. Lencx says : " That warehouse handled more f^^rain
than any other iu tJiis city has ever done in the same time.
Hundreds of wagon loads have been in waiting at once, and the
grain men had to work day and night to keep u]) with the busi-
ness, (iraiu was hauled" from Iveeoverv. from New Corydon.
and from within six mile,-; of Ui<-hnutud."

The second warohousi' was built by .James White, but it was
burned in 1857. before it hail slooil a veai-. Some men bad been
gambling there til) a late hour, and the building had in some
way been set on tire. In half an hour after thev left. tb(- house
was all iu names. It had been set on lire before. A kindle.l
fire was found in a tloiu' bai'rel up stairs, but it was )iut out. One
man lost his all. !?:!.000. bui-ued in a snf.. within the buildiuu'.
which (the safe) another man l.a.l .'arelesslv left open. The safe
had been sol.l to the County <,'oiiitiiissi..uers. and they were to
have taken it the aftt^rnoon before, but no ear could be 'had. and
the agent promistnl a cai' the next day. Th.- safe was I. 'It partly
open, and its contents were destroyo-d.

The third wareliouse ^yas put"up by '|-nipen \ Coats, at th,'
west end of the old Dayton .t Uuion depot. ti ;.- lliere vet. aii,l
used bv A. A. Knapp for water pipes. iUw, liiv bricks. ,■((•.

In 18.-..-), three years after fuion Citv b,.-:ii,. (hero w,mv >ix
.b-v goods stores -^,M,^s;-rs. L.'Uox. Tiirpen. M.-Farlan. White.
Hawkins ami one olh,.r - tlu,.,. nior.^ tb,-n, mm iISM). .loliu D.
Carter and ^bnitu'ai-, m IS.", |, ha.l a si.)iv on lli,' Olm, si.le. and
a large trade. Cadualia.liT \ ('.. fried it tli.Te lal.T. bui di<l
not sucee..,l, an.l ,piit :in,l uvnl elsewluT.'. Tb,- foun,lr\ , Ohio
side, was be-un early, but it has <lonn no work since 1S7(». The
brewery bei,'aii latei-." uii,! kept at work many years, but has been
idle for seme tim,..

There were in e;irlv tmies sojuo saloons in I iiion Citv (In
dianasidei. but .Ulre,!' I,e„.,x r,.ute,l one. and Simeon Ibaiiham
another, probablv iu \S"k 'i-his (Indiana) side of (1... t.iwii has
never t.aken kindly to sal,,oiis ,-iud. for th.- niosl part. lKi-ke].(

4io

Til

' that.

with 1

here yet il'SSDi. 'J-urpi-n .V HaiTi>- -lo.-erv b.-.-iii in 18.57, and
is here yet, Branhiuns Hotel was built m |s:>.-i :>(\. and opened
in ]S5('). and is still rtourishing. Kunt/, .V W illson began their
lumber-yard in 18li(. KirscliVjaiun iV Co. began their store iu
18(15. 'Joseph Bowers opened a clothing store in ISt)-J. .loseph
T. Shaw began selling dry goods in 18(14. Tritt .>t Kobbins be-
gan the grocery trade in 1871. C. S. Hardy counnenced his drug
store in 1807. J. M. Shank set up his tin and stove store in
1858. J. S.-Starbuck began a wholesale grocery in 1S(>S. Bent-
lev Masslich bought int,, the Ivigh- in l'-^(ll. William Kerr
bJught Ml-. Beechler's tinan.l stove sl,,r,. in |sr,;i. Samuel Car-
ter commenced his [iresent Im.^iui's-^ in IMJl.i. IJnckiugham be-
gan his uiu-soryaud gardening buMne^-, many years ag,). Henry
Fey began the butchering business hero long, long ago. Swain
& i'latt began in the book store in 187(1. Stewart & Swain set
up thiMr gi-cjcerv in lS(J."i. W. K. Smith began the shoe business
in IS.'iil. J. U." Smith set up his jewelry store in 1865. Dr. Fer-
guson besran the practice of medicine in Union City in 18(17.
.Vnderson began to sell lime in 1S(J3. Charles Heitzman set up
as a butfher in 18(ir.. John AV. Starbuck began his drug store
ill 1S7'_'. A. X. Knap|. began to sell pipe, lire brick. Hues. etc..
in lS7r). The first sclnwl was taught iu the f.-ill of 1S.',:1. bv .\[iss
.Marv Knsminger, iu her father's house, with p. rhaps 'half a
,hy/.ru pupil.s. The bouse is vet standing, on Howard stivt. just
south ,.f llie Star H,.us,.. The tir.t public Keho,,l was tau-iit iu
th,- uiiiler ,,r bsr,:! .-,!.bv Ceorg.- \<. Brainard. in llu^ little frame
hnii-,. lat,.lv oecnpie.l bv .Mv. Woo.ls. The iirst ell

Tlie

■ r.iur

■irhing pb

1 llok,.. ,\pril.

Iv I'a

.Vlfre.l

IN.");!: Armstrong,'
W. A. C. Dixon.
|N."i2: Simeon lb-

IS.-, 2:
nhaiM

';;^:,5

j-p,-n. .1

ert MeKee, Sept
18.-.;!: Willimu A

iderscj

1. Vug

.losiab
1st. bS,V

The first hous.^ ,.i-<.(-te,l was the Star House, by :\Ir 'l'eet,-r. in
I8.-|(>. Tin- lii-st hotel w;is the Fore>t Jbiuse. I.iiilt (iais..di .Tulv

■2, lS.-,-i, .•md kept bv .Miller. The lii>( store uas that ,,1 .J.

-). Turpen (Ohi.i side. Deerliel.l Ci,,ssiui;l. .\ll-il.(. ISo'J. Tl„>
first grocery was by .Mfivd Lenox (Deeili,.|d Cro>.,Ii,-i. (),.fnl„.v
to Decemb'er. lN.->2. Tlie lir>l s|,,iv. lu.li.ina sid,., was bv 1).
Hawkins, Februarv, bS--.:! | >ee P.-lxmiii's slafeni. m |. The lii^l
grain house was bv Hawkins .v s, .n-j Februarv. !•-.■,::. The lir-^l
railroad agent was It. A. WilJM.n. opening- the first M-I.>f mil-
road books in J'nioii City. He mana-ed .-ill tlir.-e of the to;ids
fov some time. The J^ee-Line was two ii,ads b.r awhile, Th,.
first cars from this pl.-iee were loaded with -rain bv H,-iwkiiis ,V
Searl, on both r,.a,is. J. )■;. l'axs,,ii set up lb,- Iirst boot .-md slio,.
St, ire in LS-'id. William .\i.d.-rs,,,i set up tin- Iirst bbi<-ksinilli
shoi) '" August. IS.-,-J. an.l his sli,.p is rnnnim: v,.| ( |sM ), Th..
first hardwares! or, ■ was by I)iil;einiiu-,-r \- \\:<\,,y The Iirst st,,v,.

tabli.shment was bv Mv^. l;..i,ii..(t. Tli.- firsi .In,- sioiv bi'loii-.-.l
b) Simmons \, 11111, isrjl ,,r Is:.;.. 'the liist liv,rv stabl,. was bv

Alfred Lenox, in J8r).j. Th,- lir.,t hotel was k.-pt by Mill.T.

Forest House, in 1852. The first book store wijs set u|i by b^spy
& Steele. The first bank was the First National Bank, Edwaid

lb.,K,-. s,,n ,,f S.-i

Hoke, bia

The

• 17. in;

'I'll

Dr. Di.-hl, .,r p.-rliaps J)r.
Sarp burned the Iirst brick-kiln in 18,'
V.,nii- was the first butcher, in isrrl. ■
Sbite Lin.- Hotel in l8.->;;. The lir.st tii
lt,.war.l. now of Pi.|ua. John Koons c.n:

Th

(n

i-g,- Gr

|M

. Wilkii

still ri-si,|,.si. |,Mr. Wilkinson is an ...riginal eharactrr. an.l an
ac. ouiit .d his lib- woul.l r.-,|uire a bo<,k bv itself]. The State
Lin.- H,.nse (n.,w (h'r House), was built very earlv.

Tl„. principal s..ttlers near l'ni,jn City were Mr. Fowler
(Ohio). fatli.»r.)f Oabriel Fowler, grocer, on the Fowler farm:
Mr. Sheets, on th.- Smith (now Cadwallader) farm, north of
town; Mr. Uoe, fathi-r of Ilan-ison Roe, south of town; Thomas
I'.-yton, on the C.mv.n-se farm, we.st of town; "Kid" Mari|uis,
..n'the Parent farm, south .)f town.

This t.iwn. thongli entirely distinct and separate from Uuion
City. Tii.l.. is y.-t closely connected in business and social inter-
ests ili,.i,with. .It seems proper, therefore, and iu a manner

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

necessary, that a brief notice thereof sliimlil )>o fjiveii in this

A town is said by some to have been plattoil on the Ohio side
ill 1838, by whom we do not know, nor just wliere that plat was
locat<=d. it is also said that Mr. Hayes made tlif first location of a
town there, at the east side of the present town, near thf^ Deer-
lield road, as also that Mr. Fmits and Mr. Colclazer added to the
town. An additional plat was made by Josiah Montgar, proba-
l)ly in 1852. The petition for the pint, however, was presented
to the Board of County Commissioners of Darke County, Ohio.
September, 18'i8, andgi'anted Doceralier 5, 1853, and the plat was
rouorded January 5, 18r)4. This plat consisted of forty acres,
which Mr Montgar had lately purchased of Messrs. Smith, lying
on both sides of the railroad. Mr. Montgar donated ten acres to
the railroad for sh()[)s, depot, switches, warehouses, and what
not, and a saw-mill was built opjjosite where the brewery was lo-
cated.

John Hayes made an addition to the town, and so also did
FredM'ick Roe and Jlr. Brownlev. Jere Smith added ton acres
to the pltit. Fowler made two additicns, and others also have
been appended from time to time, the last one, perhaps, being
Archard's Addition. The following statement is made, in sub-
stance, by John D. Carter, who claims that his family was the
first to move to the infant city.

At the first settlement of Union City, the only residents were
Augustus Loveland. on the Indiana side, and John Hayes and
Schultz Hayes and Mr. Conway and Mr. Frederic Roe, perhap-s,
on the Ohio side. John Hayes lived near ths point at which the
Greenville wagon road crosses theBeo-Line Railroad, on the west
side of that thoroughfare, and Schultz Hayes on tlie fiirin still oc
cupicd by a gentleman nf the same name an<l connection : and a Mr.
Conway had lived in the same vicinity. They had made small
openings, but all besides was deo]i and tangled wildwood and
heavy and unbroken forest. The Greenville Creek region had
been settled for a long time, and the laud there was already
mostly occupied. The Deertield road was largely traveled, and
Schultz Hayes kept a tavern, which enjoyed an abundant and ex-
tensive patronage.

Joiin D. Carter moved upon the Conway farm in August.
18JL being the Mrst famih to come there ;ifter the location of
the town. having been induced so t,o do bv I:1m' nrgeiit solicitation
of Hon. .lerciniah Smith, one of the tMoi,ii,-l,,is ,.f the eiiibrvo
citv. He was but a bov, Jis it were, not vet Lwciitx -niie vars'of
age. though a marri<-d man withal. Having erect..! a s'aw-niill
near Winchester, it had been burned, and th<- citizens there,
Elias Kizer and others, had aided him generously in pre])ai'iug
to rebuild at that place; but. through the glowing persuasions of
Mr. Smith, he changed his pui-po.se. His sawmill at Union
City. Ohio, was erected in the fall of ISyl. and connnenced ope-
rations in the siiring of 1852, perhafis in .\piil of (hat vear.
Mr. Cart.er. as staled, came uj.on the ground in August, IH.")! :
Henry Debolt. not long after: aud .Mr. Monlgar, in .Vov.Mnbei- of
the sa)n(' v.-ar. who purchased a fortv-acre tract on the pr.'sent
sit<> of I'nion Clily. Ohio, and. in conneetion with .Mr. Hayc-s,
-Mr. Roe. etc., laid out that town.

Thus far is the staUvment taken from th." lips of Mr. Johu D.
Ca)ter. .lust who came after Messrs. Cartw, Debolt and Mont-
gar, who appear to have setth'd in 1851, we have n..t been able
to discover.

K.MtLV HU.SINESS (OHIO SIDE).

The first smith shop was ])ut uj) by Frederick Roe. in 1S58.
at the south end of IMvisiou street (Ohio side), in the woods. In
the same year, Lewis (iillauni had a shoe shoj). A coo])er shop
was run by 1'. R. Galloway for lught months in 1855. M'ood-
Imry & Hulse had another smith shoj) ux)on Division street not
very far from the same time.

David Fruits set up a shingle machine in the northeast part
of the town in "iXo'-i, and ran it until 1855.

Hemy Weinland had a saw-mill on the west si.le nf Division
street, near the railroad (Ohio side).

S. P. McJIillan and Thomas Workman erect.nl a steam grist-
mill, with four run of buhrs, which is yet in ojieration. with a
capacity of 1(X) barrels per day. The lii-st dry goods storfl on

that ground was by Morgan & Cai'ter, in 1853, opposite theflour-
ing-mill. Brown & Archard opened a wholesale liquor store in
1850. In 1857, P. R. Galloway set up a hoop-pole establish
ment, which was the large.st at that time in the State of Ohio.
During the winters of l85S and 1N59, the shipments were 4(X)

The first store of all was on the Deertield road, just north of
the railroad, in September, 1852. and Alfred Lenox started a
grocery in the same vicinity, running it only a short time.

About 1853, Katzenbarger & Stahl opened a bakery, and M.
B. Dickey began tailoring, both near the flouring-mill,

Mr. J. D. Carter, now of Winchester, says that he moved
rom that [)lace to Union City, Ohio, building the first saw-mill
on that ground in 1852, and a re.sidence; and that his family
were the first to move to that town, that his mill was opposite
the brewery, and that he remained at Union City till 1857. In
1800, Witham & Son built a handle factory, east of State Line
and south of the railroad. The building was biu-ned, and a
new one bulk in 1874, now owned by Carter & Son.

In 1870, there was business an follows: A stave factory,
with twenty to thirty hands; a planing-mill, with twelve to fif-
teen hands: a furniture factory, t«n to fifteen bands; a hub and
sjjoke factory, ten to fifteen hands; two steam sawmills and an-
other furniture factory : a steam grist-mill with four mn of
buhrs; live brick manufactories and a tile factory. At present,
the business may be briefly described thus (it has been partly
stated already): G. Lambert & Son's grain warehouse, hand-
ling 250,000 bushels yearly; Snook's brick, tile and neckyoke
I factory (the latter not running). The brick factory can make
\ 10.00(1 brick per day. The tile factory turns out about 80,000
I worth per year. The stave factory, by Wiggim & Son. in 1870,
with sheds 1,200 feet and two drv hoiLses. Capacity, 20,(XK)
staves and 8,000 to 10,000 heading per day.
I Turning factory by Carter & Son, producing 500 dozen
I clamps, 50.000 broom" handles, 2,000,000 trunk slats and the
' same number of trunk handles. Worth of i)ro<.lucts, $25,000
j annually. Force, eighteen to twenty hands.
1 Furniture factory, John Koons built in 187f). Saw-mill,
wagim factory, turning factory, etc., by John T. Hartzell, in 1878,
' Tub and pail factory; Hook Brothers, came to Union City,
1 Ind., in 1877, and to their present location in 1879 They em-

■ ploy thirty-fivo hands and make 100,000 vessels annually. Val-
ue,'i;30,<XH) per year. Their engine, and that of Carter & Suns

j also, was made by Smith Brothers, Union City, Ind,

Furniture factory, Meanck it Son, in 1803, eightor ten hands.

I Paper bugging factory. McKee & Robison, in 1880, in th(>

I Orr Building, live to eight hands.

Handle factorv-, Lambert & Son, in 1880, extensive establish-

1 ment, and do a large amount of work.

■ Lumber-yard (hardwood). Jones, Ebert & Benner. 1880,

: large business: buy from an extensive region, and ship great
(piantities to the seaboard and elsewhere.

I Lumber-yard, Kuntz & Willson, in 1880, a branch of the im-
mense establishment of Peter Kuntz, increasing largely his aJ-

i ready wonderful business.

There is ^ae church, I'nitod Brethren; pastor. Rev. Keister,

I active and useful and successful. There is one school building,

■ brick, built in 1870, two stories, ccmtaining five rooms; in couree
I of enlargement summer of 1882. Principal, Gillum Cromer:
i four .sulmrdinates. Town oflicoi-s. bSSO: Mayor. William M.

i Grimes: Clerk, .lames McMnhan; Treasurer, H, S, Stockdale;

j Marshal, \V. R. Gard; Councihnen, Messrs. Norris. Purcell,

; Spangle, Eldridgo, Thomas, Hankman.

! Resident attorneys, Messi-s. Baker and Pickett

j There is one physician and no post office, and no jwst olHce

1 in Jackson Tovraship, Union City, Ind., serving for the popula-
tion of both parts of the city, and that and other outside offices
supplying the entire towniship.

It wa.s the expectation that the Ohio side would be the main
town, but Jere Smith" knew better." It was not "his calculation,"

I and it tiu*ned out the way he wished and intended. The town

■ grew up <m the west side of the line, and for many years the
! Ohio side wa.s only a feeble suburb bseparated b-om the main pait

WAYNlv TOWNSHIP.

by a considerable vacant space, owned by Smith, uud kept out of
market on purpose to hinder the growth of the Ohio side till the
other part had attained a clear and permanent strength.

Most of the owners of the business establishments named re-
side in Indiana. There are. besides those, a few groceries, a
store or two, a blacksmith shop or two, and a host of liquor
saloons. There used to be a foundry and a brewery, but both
are discontinued years ago.

The gi-istmill described is in operation at present, run by
Mr. Wunder.

Much of the custom of the groggeries comes from the Indiana
side, and their presence is an unmitigated nuisance to the wnole
place and the entire region. Indeed, the non-drinking residents
of the Ohio side maintain, with how much reason we cannot tell,
that, were it not for the patronage afforded from Indiana, most
of the saloons would be obliged to " dry u])." When shall it

PKOOKESS.

A large amount of business seemed waiting for the new rail-
road and the town. The completion of these jjioueer tracks
marked, indeed, a grand era in the life of this region. Grain,
stock and trade in general began to pour in from far and near,
especially from the great, destitute region lying toward the north.
The grain ti-ade of the infant town was very great. The capac-
ity of the new warehouse was tested to the uttermost, and the
crew of men employed to handle the grain were pressed day and
night. AVithin three or four years, no fewer than six dry goods
stores in this " new town in the woods " displayed their contents
and their wares to tempt the eyes and the hearts of the teamstoi-s
fresh from the farms in the surrounding regions. Other estab
lishments, too — groceries, hai-dware stores, tin shops, hotels,
doctors" offices, smith shops--all were here. So great was this
wagon trade from the north that for many years the Union City
magnates would give no encouragement to any scheme for build-
ing a northern road to Portland, Jay County, because it would
give those northern " back- country " men a nearer railroad iioint.
And they fought it so much as to produce tho v<>sult that
when Portland obtained her road, it came not thniai;h Inion
Citr. but through Winchester: and that now, whil(> I'mtlauil has
tivo thriving roads, the track to that ])laee via I'nion City is still
unlaid, and will perhaps long continue so. But in \s'i'2, the
Bellefontaine & Indianapolis Kailroad, through I'nion City, and
the road to Dayton and Cincinnati were tiuly a (iodseud. and
sent a thrill of new life throughout this whole region, then, in
fact, largely a wildei-ness.

The advancement of Union City, Ind.. was jit first, therefore,
quite brisk— too rapid, in fact, for a solid and healthy gi-owth.
It was then for several years comparatively at a standstill. Since
1872, the upward movement has been strong and nearly ''onstant.
Before lSfi9. there had been no costly buildings nor rosidencos.
Most were frame, and the few brick ones were Isiit of moderate
size. Branham Hotel was the onlv laigi' l)rick edififc. At .■il)Qut
1860. Esquire Jackson erected a rtne dw,-lling ..n West Pearl
.street, and, soon afterward. Col. Isaac P. Cray built the dwell-
ing (then thought to be wonderful), now the residence of Hon.
N. Cadwallader. Just after these erections, building took a new
impulse. Three brick ediiices went up near Paxson'sshoo store.
The Citizens' Bank, and some othere on Oak street were erected
about the same time. These all were at that time reckoned to
be fine structm-es, and counted an honor to the little "wooden city."

In 1870, the corporation limit north was the alley, or narrow
street, between Brandon and Tritt. and there was just one house
on Howard and one on Plum north of that (except, indeed, the
" cooper's" and Mr. Livengood's, both of which wore far in the
countrj'). But tho city has been extended largely since that date,
and the mania for building has become very strong and many
costly residences and business blocks have made their appearance
in various directions, so that now those former structures which
seemed, when built, to be so sphmdid. have fallen far into the
background.

The general business of the town has increased very greatly,
and, considering that the city has no public advantages of loca-
tion or official business, being not the CDunty seat, and being di-

rectly on the line between two counties and two States as well,
and having no natural water ]u-ivilege of any sort, its gi-owth
has iudeeil been a thing showing a marked energy and most
praiseworthy activity on the part of her principal ; men, and
in somi- respects, at least, it is superior to any town in the re-
gion. In 188'-'. the improvement still continues: several dwell-
ings aiv being erected; the business of the |)rincipal firms is ap-
parently and largely increasing; some new establishments have
been set up, among them the Union City Carriage Company,
with a capital of $10,000, intended to employ thirty tivo hands,
as also the Heat Fender Comi>any doing an extensive business.

Considerable labor and e-xpense have been applied to grading
and graveling the streets of Union City. Many think, indeed,
that no small amount has been unwisely expended, in changing
grade, regrading. digging up streets once gravelecf, etc.: but
what human enterprise is free fiom mistakes '/ Within a year or
two past, several thousand dollars have been expended upon North
Howard street, making a regular and even slope northward, to
give free and easy drainage to that part of the city. During
1881, the city graded and graveled West Pearl street, making a
line highway for the western travel, as also a good connection
between the factories in the western part of the town and the
business part of the city. In fact, the improvement of Pearl
street was one of the conditions upon which Woolley & Fisher
consented to establish their electric light and motor factory
near its western terminus.

The Council, during US81 -82, constructed a capacious sewer,
to supply tho constantly growing demand for adeipiate and per
mancnt sewerage for thi> needs of the town. Two thousand dol-
lars are already on hand, which, with the further avails qf the
sewer tax that the Council are authorized to levy each year, will
suffice to complete the payment for that necessary purpose. It is
to be hoped that before long, some system of lighting the streets
can be established, which, indeed, the steady growth of the city
will call for as a necessary improvement before tho lapse of many

The water works, described more at length elsewhere, have
been and are of incalculable benefit to the town, and have done
much towai'd its permanent growth and prosperity.

I The advance of the city, especially since 1872. has been,

j on the whole, brisk and substantial. Most of those who are

1 now solid business men had originally little or no capital — coun

i try lads, wood-choppers, apprentices, farmers' boys who left home

I t3 try their fortunes, or because the farm was too little for all the

I male inembei-s of the tlock.

I Simeon Branham was an orphan lad, who begau with nothing.

1 Peter Kuntz, the prince of lumber-dealers, began life as a

', wood chopper.

Jesse Paxson, bout and shoe dealer, came to I'nion City a

! poor carpenter.

i Bentley Masslich wiis an apprentice lad.

I Nathan Cadwallader was a farmer's boy, a widow's son. and

j her only one.

! Messrs. Smith's grandfather was a blacksmith.

! W. H. Anderson and E. L. Anderson were country lads.

j Messrs. Kirschbaum and Bowers, our enterprising merchants,

j were men of little means at first, and thev are only in early

i middle life still.

\ Samuel L. Carter was a carppnter for nearly twenty years,

' and still works as hard as ever.

John Koons was l)red a farmer, and was a journeyman car
penter for years.

R S. Fisher's father was left an orphan lad iu Carolina, and
came to Indiana alone on hoi-seback. over mountain and valley
and flood. His wife wade her first bedstead in her nide log cab-
in from two pole benches, with clapboards laid across.

Simon Hedriek was a country boy. Dr. Joel N. Converge
was also poor in his boyhood and youtli. John T. Shaw was tho

j son of a shoemaker. William Kerr was a tinner's apprentice.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

John S. Sturbuck was a farmer's son, and a farmer liinisclf. Ed
ward Starbiick was a farmer and a bripk-masoo. A. A. Kn;i])[>
was a f inner. John W. Starbuck was a farmer's son and a brick-
nmson. Ephraim Boweu was a farmer's son. Kiifns A. Willson
was the son of a iSew Vork farmer.

A knowlinige of facts is lackinn; as to tlie rest of the promi-
nent eiti/.ens, but probably not one in fifty of thosi' who are at
the lieail of Imsinoss was anything lint a ])oor, hard-workinj^ lad,
and many of them were very jioor. The same thing, indeed, is
tnio of the whole county. Moorman Way was an orphan boy,
and for years after his manhood was a carpent<'r and a poor man.
Thomas Ward's father, wlien he came U) the connty in 181il, was
t^io j)oor to enter forty acres of land. Thomas W. Kizer is the
son of a i)ioae<"r farmer. Mark Diggs was an early settler, who
entered his (luartersection in the woods sixty years ago. Henry
H. Neff. .fames S. Gottom, the Cart<>rs, etc. . are sons of pioneers
who had only a moderate amount of this world's goods, Henry
NeflF being a printer's apprentice, and James Gottom a dry goods
clerk. Asahel Stone was a carpenter's sou, and a carj)enter him
self. .J, B. McKinney's father was very poor.

These are bat ?))ecimens of the whole grouji of active business
men in the county.

Daniel B. Miller, Ephraim L. Bowen, James lluby, the War-
rens, Arthur McKew, Elihu Gammack. Ezekiel Glongh, William
O. King, the Starbncks. Gideon Shaw, Philip Barger, the
Hirsches, Lemuel AViggins, Willson Anderson, John Handle,
William Shoemake. William M. Campbell, and scores of others.
have all been of • the same sort, the sons of i)oor men, and most
or all of them hard-working fai'iners. mechanics, artisans or
tradesmcm. Let their children ami tlieir jiosterity heed the sal-
utary lesson afforded by their la'oorious. energetic and snecessful

nd ilie .-ouutv as well, is the growth
igh ;iii(l |M>rsisii'iit application to bns-
ness. Dniing (lie past eighl years, many <ine residences and
iutistantiai businiws blocks liavc been built, streets have been
dened. graded and graveled, and, altogether. Ih(f town has
greatly eulnrged, improved and l)(^■Ultified. and now d(

b<^

i-v larg.
The ,

of bn^

13 of I

nds.

a whole, are an upright, moral, intelligent,
eniei-jirising. thriving and pro.sperous conununity. tbough it must
be confessed that here, as well as elsewhere, vice dares to show
its hydra head, and manages to accomplLsh somewhat of its mis-
chievous, tormenting, fatal work.

Union City. Ind.. was early organized as a town, but

ord can be found before bStJ:^ Proni that time to the citv

charter the officers wore us follows:

Presidents of Board of Trustees. — Messrs. Weddington,

Lambert. Maloy. White. Hill. Gowderv. Swam. Gnmor, .huiwn Watcf AVorks Sin
and Harris. " • \V:<U;- Woiks F,„

Clerks of Board. -^Messr.s. Beeder. Swain, (Iregorv. Heall, ),V''!'''' ^X"',^^'"'

Smith. Laiabert. Wilev, Johnson. Gonv.-r.se. " (.v„,'',^m'',',,hI

Trea,snrers, -Me.ssrs. Cadwallador, Polly, Coats, .\nderson. (J.m,,.,-.',! Sinkiii- '

Marshals. --M(*ssi-s. Sutton, Harkrader, .Murpln . Nickev, Ma sn!',' i' lmnn'!!''i,i,-
son. floadington.

Sine the city charter (1875) the ulJicers have I.eeu ^-Mayors. , '''"''''

Lambert, lioss. Shockney. Stall: Treasiu'ers. Tansey, Grabs;
Glerks, Gonverse, Gregory. Woodbury: Marshals, Beeves,

as it began to be settled, but the records are not at hand earlier
tban ISC):'. The minutes for ]S('»;i speak of ordinances 'pas-sed in
April, IN.",.

In ISiv), the Assessor reported the assessment at $3.)7,<i(i4.

Treasurer's report for I8(>r)-n0 was as follows: j.Dr., iji2,97fi,40;
Gr.. i:2,!»4f.,7fi: on hand, i}m.l7K Officers "held over" 1800 (57:
election notice illegal. lu bS07, Trustees borrowed $L0()O to
build schoolhouse. addition to old one.

Treasurers' report April, 1867 -Dr., $2,108.41; Or., $1,841.-
11: on hand, $H27.MO. Trustt>es received for services 130 each.
May, 1808, city bought a gravel bank of Jonathan Mote, four
teen acres, for §1,000. Citv rei)orted in debt above re.sourc.os
!S2,922.«.j.

Treasurer's report— Dr., May. 1870. §7,883. 28; Gr.. $7,031-
31); balance, §201.89. Office of Town Engineer created.

July 20. 1870. wards declared as follows: First Ward,
north of Oak and east of Howard; Second Ward, north of Oak
and west of Howard; Third Ward, south of Oak and east of
Howard, north of railroad: Fourth Ward, south of Oak and
west of Howard, north of railroad; Fifth Ward, south of rail-

Treiisurer's report April '27, iS71~Dr., -Sr., 102.71; Or., $5,-.
058; on hand, $43.71.

Treasurer's report April, 1872 -Dr., !?4,OI»3. 12; Gr., |3,9»0.-
31); on hand, $0.73.

Mai-shal's report May, 1872— Paid out for improvements
?i.-.,8U2.

.Vugust, 1873, water works contracted for. and built shortly
afterward. Treasurer's report for 1875-70— Dr., $18,140,47: Gr.,
!S10.y54.07; on hand, SI, 154.40.

Bonds of officers as follows: Mayor, .$3,000; Clerk. $2,000;
Treasurer. i?30,000; Marshal. .'?2.0()0; ^^sessor, §1,000.

April. 1878, running expenses of water works for a ve>ir.
§2,727.93.

April. 1880. James Moorman offered Moornlaii's I'iirk. east
side of Columbia street, to the city, and the Council aceei>ted
the donation od the con(lifci(ms s])BeifiBd. In 18S0. Howard street
was cut through so as to make an even slo|)e and a sufficient
drainage north from Oak street, leaving the banks on each side
in the highest place some ton feet. Ln 1881, Pearl street was
graded and graveled to its extn^me western terminus.

Howard street has been further improved by the laying of
.sidewalks (stone or brick) along much of its northern portion,
and gutters, etc., in some places. The city is now laying water
pipes far along the new improvements, giving North Howard,
etc.. th(> full advantiiges of the wa^er works.

$1066 as

$ 2004 (R

718 74

mw 00

SHOO 00

6300 70

II 33

ami m

1725 63

flttl ,50

1035 33

200.'-. 00

1046 68

in .so

130 10

I02T 07

77 24

The Trust

have be..n Mnssrs .Mat

irahs. Sim

ory. Hill. White. Cout.s. Wigg,. H.mI '-„•„.. C ,u-.1,tv. Hn
W. K. Smith. Willson. Fivv.Cninoi, (;,.i,.| DNcSmilli.
.la.pia. Knapp, .lohnsou, Kwen. K.tp. I,:uI,1, H.irn.s, l''r,i

e the ,

eoi-po

.Messrs. Co.

Wctz, Ueeiler. Bowersox, {!;

Smith, -fones. Vestal. I-add. Xi

neer, S. R. Bell: City Attorney. Pierre Ovay.

Probably Union Citv was oVganized a.sa"to\vn abi

ilion WHS .•r..;il,.,l hay.- boeu
StMI. Hiirris, Kr:uik. Dotv.
Knb.-y. Witham. .John I).
Masslich. Frey; Citv Engi

Tola! ij!i:i:il 7.S .KHCMMi M $971130

The salaries of the oflit-ers in 1881 were as follows: Mayor.
$200: Clerk. .S300: Treasurer. *300; Marshal. S50O; Gouncilmen,
S50: Attorney, S200: night police, '■<io pi-r month: Snperin-
t<'ndcut Wiih-r Works, 30ceni,s per hour; Board of Water Works.
>"-J5..ach: Board of Health. 810 (five members). The salai-ies
of the otlifi-rs alone foot, up about !?2,5lH) yoarly, while water
w.irks. strci't cuttings, gi'ades, sewers and what not, make city
taxes ,1 fi-aitul lmrd(<ii to bi> Iwriie. It was an unfortunate cir-
ciiMisliincc connect^nl with the water works that the city encoun-
tere i .-1 s.'iioMs arid_ expensive law suit for infringement of iiat<int,
which was .s(>ttli'irat last, after great outlay of maney, by pur-
chasing of the plaintiffs the right to continue their machinery
ami methods,

lu .May, 1S82, the salaries of the city officers were raised us

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

443

follows; Board of Health, Secretary, $50; others $20; Mayor.
$350; Clerk, $350; Treasurer, $350; Marshal, §600; Council,
$80; Attorney, $200; night police, $000; Water Works Trustees,
$35; City Engineer, 35 cents per hour; Street Commissioner,
20 cents per hour; iucre::se about $1,000 per year, total about
$3,500.

We give a somewhat more detailed statement of some of the
business of the city, chiefly by describing the establishments
themsolves.

There are several fine business blocks, among which are
Bowers &Co'u. largo three-story brick, Kirschbaum & Cos., large
three-story brick. Smith Bros.', large three-story brick, Opera
Block, large three-story brick, and others.

There are now many splendid residences; among them are
those of Charles W. Pierce, C. S. Hardy, W. H. Anderson, E. L.
Anderson, Charles S. Hook, North Howard street; Hon. N. Cad-
wallader, William Harris, Pearl street; W. K. Smith, E. H.
Turpen, Columbia street; J. D. Smith, South Columbia street;
Gov. L P. Gray, Oak street, and many others. Robert B. Mc-
Kee and Charles T. Tritt are now (June, 1882) erecting fine
residences on North Howard.

A very large amount of business is done in Union City for
the population of the place. The town is especially noted for
the extent of its trade in lumber and wood-work in general, in
dry goods and clothing, etc., and in eggs, poultry and butter.
In its lumber trade, it surpasses every interior town in Indiana;
in the last point, very few towns in the Nation can equal it,
while its dry goods stores, specially those of Messrs. Bowers and
Kirschbaum, do an immense business. There are in the town
(Indiana and Ohio) twelve or more establishments dealing in
lumber and wood in various ways: Peter Kuntz all kinds — saw-
mill, planes, door, sa.sh, etc., 200 machines, with building, fixt-
ures and general hardware. He handled in 1879 2,800 car loads
of lumber, much of his trade being wholesale. Hundreds of car
loads annually are sent by him directly from the great lumber
centers to their various destinations. His trade embraces the
whole Mississippi Valley from Northern Michigan to the forest
near the Gulf of Mexico. He employs fifty to sixty hands, and
owns machinery enough to carry on his extensive works.

Witham & Anderson also have an extensive and flourishing
lumber and hardware establishment, with abundant machinery
for preparing lumber in general.^ They employ thirty or forty
hands, and carry on a prosperous and increasing business.

Samuel L. Carter has a saw mill and turning machinery, etc.,
handling many thousand feet of hard lumber. He employs about
twenty hands, and does a large business (Ohio side).

J. T. Hartzell has had a saw mill and turning establishment,
wagon factory, etc., and he also has dealt extensively in hard wood
lumber chiefly (Ohio side). Besides this, he has sold tin, stoves and
hardware, sewing machines, pumps, wagons, carriages, lightning
rods, agricultural implements, machinery, etc. (Indiana side).
During 1881, ho removed much of his busine.ss to Greenville,
Ohio. In the spring of 1S82, he sold out his tinware and stoves
and closed out his hardware.

Wiggim & Sons have a stave factory, employing many hands
(Ohio side).

Hook Bros, have a tub and pail factory, employing thirty
hands (Ohio side).

John Koons has a furniture factory, employing several
hands (Ohio side).

Ross & Prior have a carriage factory, employing ten hands,
and turning out a large amount of excellent work.

Lambert & Son have a turning establishment, doing all kinds
of turning work for the wholesale market (Ohio side).

There are yet two other lumber firms, dealing chiefly in hard-
wood lumber and walnut and j)oplar, the home product of the re-
gion. One lately formed, Jones, Ebbert & Benner. handles a
very large amount of hard wood lumber gathered from the re-
gion. Fisher deals principally in hickory. There are also two
other factories in town. In these establishments a very large
aggregate of business ia transacted in wood and lumber. All
together they handle many thousand dollars' worth and millions

on millions of feet of lumber and wood in all their forms —
house-furuishing, wagons, neck-yokes, single trees, tongues,
spokes, thills, etc., etc. Some years ago, much lumber in the
shajjc of whole logs was shipped directly to Europe.

The whole lumber and wood trade of Uuion City gives em-
ployment to several hundi-ed men. As a single specimen we
append the following statement:

Number of logs brought to Union City during the winter of
1880-81 up to February 10— J. W. Lambert, 750; S. L. Carter,
2,(XX); John Koons, 150; Peter Kuntz, 8,400; Jones, Benner &
Co., 6,000; J. H Snooks, 200; A. B. Fisher, 700; J. R. Jackson.
140; J. T. Hartzell, 6,000; total, 24,340. Many of the logs
were very large. At an average of 300 feet for each log the to-
tal amount will be 7,302,000 feet.

Mr. Lambert has bought besides 120,000 butts. Hook & Co.
have purchased lai-ge amounts of tub and pail timber. Wiggim
& Co. have bought stave timber. All together the lumber and
wood trade is very great.

Mr. John Glunt brought to Union City a single log contain-
ing 1,500 feet of lumber — the king of the market. Solomon
Hartman from four ash trees cut from one acre of ground mar-
keted logs enough to bring hira $78, and ho hauled elm logs enougb
in a single day to bring §4. 50. The amount paid out by the
log and timber dealers in this town during the winter of 1880-8]
was very groat. At an average of $1.25 per hundred, and it
was probably more than that, the sum paid for logs alone
would be over $90,000. The other timber bought, in town from
the farmers in the surrounding region will swell the amount to
more than $1(X),000— a fine sum, the power of which will make
iUelf felt in a quickened impulse to bu.sine,ss of all kinds during
the year to come.

The egg, butter and poultry basiuess has grown in the
hands of the energetic firms who carry it on to very large propor-
tions. The two firms, Turpen & Harris and John S. Starbuck,
employ jointly more than forty hands, and probably $1,0(X),000
per year. Their business extends over a large portion of the
country. It is perfectly wonderful how a small town like Union
City can command such a trade in lumber and wood and in the 1
egg and poultry business as the men engaged therein have at- /
tained. This whole matter shows in a striking manner what ac-
tivity and enterprise when wi.soly and skillfully directed can ac-
complish. Besides these chief industries of the place, there
are others of profit and imjiortance, which wo cannot stop to de-
scribe at large. The business of Uuion City may be stated as
follows: Two grist mills, one of which, D. H. Reedor (now
Converse & Co.), proprietor, employs the patent process; ha.s
four run of buhrs, and a capacity of 100 barrels per day; two
corn mills, turning out a large amount of meal and feed daily;
three brick yards, making yearly many hundred thousand brick,
and employing many hands; one tile factory, making 100,000 tilo
with fifteen hands; four grain buyers' handling yearly himdreds of
thousands of bushels. One agricultural association, two agricult-
ural implement houses, two artists, eleven attorneys, four baker-
ies, two banks, one band association, six barber shops, seven
blacksmith shops, several boarding houses, one bookseller, three
boot and shoe stores, three brick yards, five building and loan
associations, two carriage factories, two cemeteries, two cigar
factories, three clothing stores, two coal dealers, two cooper
shops, two corn crackers, seven churches, three dentists, one
dramatic association, nine draymen, seven dress-maker shops,
three drug stores, three dry goods stores, 7(K) dwellings, three
egg and poultiy houses, one engine and hose company, one elec-
tric light company (closed), two express offices, one fair ground,
one flax mill, two foundries, four fui'niture establishments, five
grain-buyers, four gardeners, two grist mills, sixteen groceries,
one gunsmith, one handle factory, three hardware stores, five
harness shops, one heat fender company, five hotels, two insur-
ance c.ompanios, two ice dealers, three jewelers, one junk shop
(gone), two lime dealers, four livery stables, seven lodges, two loan
brokers, eleven lumber dealers, two machine shops, two mrtrble deal-
ers, eight marriage dom-y associations (dead), four moat markets,
two milkmen, seven millinery stores, two nurseries, two newsmen,
two organ dealers, two paint shoj^w, two parks, two passenger de-

444

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

pots, four peddlers and hucksters, two photographers, eighteen
physicians, one pipe, flue and tire brick store, two plumbers, one
post office, three printing offices, one public hall, five restau-
rants, four real estate agents, three railroads, several saloons
(Ohio side), five saw-mills, four sohoolhoases, two sewing ma-
chins establishments, eight shoe shops, one stave factory, one
stone dealer, three stovo stores, four tailor shops, one tele-
phone exchange, two telegraph offices, one tile factory, three
tin stores, two tobacconists, one tub and pail factory, three
undertakers, two wagon-makers, one water works, several
weavers, three wood dealers and three wool dealers. There
is the usual complement of drayman, wagoners, masons, carpen-
ters, sawyers, dress-makers, shoe-makers, plasterers, whitewash-
ers and laborers of all kinds to supply the constant and occa-
sional needs of so many people dwelling in the city and the re-
gion.

B08INESS ESTABLISHMENTS, ETC.

Attorneys— O. A. Baker moved to Greenville, Ohio; S. E,
Bell, 1875; Bayard S. Gray, 1877 (removed to Portland. Jay
County); Isaac P. Gray, l.S()8; Pierre Gray. 1872; L. D. Lam-
bert, 1808; A\^ebster Lambert. 1879: John W. Williams, 1881;
Cyrus AVoodbury, 1878; E. F. Otven, Ohio; C. T. Pickett,
Ohio; J. B. Ross, 1875; Theodore Shockney, 1878; S, M.
Whitten, 1876.

Agricultural implements — Buffington & Hanoy, R. E. Fork-
ner (removed to Winchester. Ind ,) Knight. Ohio.

Artist— G. W. Smith.

Bakers — Messrs. Clark. Eberenz, Rodman. Stiimpff.

Banks --Commercial, Citizens.

Band Association.

Barber shops— Messrs. Clovenger. Branham, Lingle, Okey,
Schronz. Smith.

Blacksmith shops — Anderson. Keller. Keller. Gimble, Gist,

Boarding houses —Dean, Kemp, Fulghnm, Baker.

Bookseller — Swain & Plait.

Boot and shoe stores— Messrs. Banger & Satton. Gordon &
Thomas, William Smith, Newborn.

Brick yards— Bothur.st, Garrett, Snook.

Building and Loan .Associations — B. .Musslich, Secretary.

Carriage factories — Ross Starbuck. Tritt & Gr;iy.

Cemeteries — Catholic, Union City.

Cigar factories — Hommowun.

Clergymen — Messi-s. Bartholomew, Brandon, Carter, Green-
man, Keister, Michaolis, Oldtield. Quinlan, Reynolds, Ritenour,
Sloan, Shaw, Stevens, Tncker, Vinson. Vinson.

Carpenters — Bemis, Cable, Davis, Frey, Fletcher, Grosants,
Hoke. Hoke, Keifer, Lipp, Pogue, Taylor, Wolf.

Clay dealer— Knapp.

Coal dealers —Starbuck, Fisher.

Coopers -Messrs. Mitchell

Dentists— Cowdery, Lofevre, Stahl.

Draymen- Messrs. Campbell, Bashaw. Cair-j, Hill. Bennett.
McKenzie, Twissoll, Van Tilberg, etc.

Druggists— Messrs. Hardy, Starbuck & Son.

Dry goods — Messrs. Bowers & Bro., Kirschbaum & Co.,
Kizer & Mundshein, Moore, Shaw, Downi-jg and R(«ger.

Egg packers — Messrs. Starbuck, Turpen & Harris, Simpkins.

Electric Light Company — Messrs. Woolley & Fishier (discon-
tinued).

E.'ipress .Agents — Mossr.s. Nivison, Morrow.

Foundry— Smith Bros., Patchell.

Furniture -Messrs. Koons, Wright, Reed. Meanck.

Flax Mill— Frank.

(irain dealers— Messrs. Alexander & Worth, Lambert Bros.,
Willev, Wellborn & Bro.. George W. AViggs, C. AV. Pierce.

Gris*. mills— Converse & Co.. AVeimar.

Grocers— Turpen & Harris, Sturapff, Griffis & Vinson, Hutch-
inson, Ladd. Kennedy, Masslich & Shricker, Haulan, Moon,
Stout & Richards, Mackey & Keister, Stewart & Wright, Jones
Br:)s., Carson. Lanter, Gist & Xewbern, \\alden, R.ift' (Ohio),
Knight (Ohio), Probasco(01iio, Clapp(Obio). BiittcrlioUl. Sntton
& Law, Reeves & Bartholomew.

Gunsmith — Marker.

Gardeners — Buckingham, AVilkerson and others.

Hardware— Hartzell, Kerr, Jaqua & Co.. AVitham & Anderson.

Harness-makers — Messrs. Eisenhoiu-, Harshman, Lambert.

Heat fender establishment begun in 1882.

Hotels— Branham, Orr, Ooppy Smith, Baker, AVinslow.

Insurance— Jackson, Schuyler, Lambert, Shockney & Wood-
bury, Heck, Pierce, Butcher, Sutton, Ritenour, Cadwallader, etc.

Jewelers — Best, Hoke, Smith.

Junk shop — Samuel & Siglowsky (moved away).

Laundrymen — Mr. Hop Key and partner, Chinese (gone).

Lime dealers— Mo.ssrs. Anderson, Fisher.

Liverymen — Messrs. Buttertield, Coppy Smith, Adams, Prior,
Alexander.

Loan brokers— Messrs Jackson, Stockdale.

Lumber dealers — Messrs. Carter, Hartzell, Koons, Kuntz,
Lambert Bros., Jones, Benner & Ebert, Fisher, Hook Bros.,
AViggim & Co., Witham & Anderson, Kuntz & Willson.

Marble dealers —Messrs. Sipe, Stoner.

Millers — Converse, AVeimar, etc.

Milliners — Ladies Cowderv. Hill, Kerr. Miranda, Tucker,
Vinson, AVilson, Yergin.

Milkmen — Messrs. Frank Hunt, Peter Cobey.

Newsmen — Messrs. Swain & Piatt, Bartholomew.

Nurseries— Messrs. Buckingham.

Organ dealers — Lewis Sutton, AVorthington.

Passenger agents — Messrs Johnson. Taylor, Bragg.

Photographers — Messrs. AVillson, Mote.

Physicians — Messrs. Ferguson, Reeves. Harrison, Commons,
Evans,* Yergin, Weimar. William.son, Parsons, McFarland, Fahne-
stook. Green, Grabill, Thompson, Leatherman.

Pipe clay dealers — Knapp.

Plumbers— Me.ssrs. Knapp, Smith.

Postmaster —A. B. Cooper.

Printing offices — Eagle, Bentley Masslich; Times, George
AV. Paiclwil: Plaindeakr, Stephen M. AVentworth (sold out):
Neu-s, stock company. Theodore Shockney, editor (sold out).

Railroad agents— Messrs. Etmire, Johnson, McMahan, Mitch-
ell, Taylor, Murray.

Restaurants — Messrs. Branham, Clark, Rodman, Lenox.

Sewing machine agents — Messrs. AVorthington, Heck.

Shoemakers- Messrs. Eisenman, Johnson, Grabs, Kingsley,
Kirsch, Loehr (Ohio), Schaknat, Vinson (Ohio).

Stone dealers —Bowen & Cadwallader, Jackson.

Stove dealers —Messrs. Hartzell (sold), Kerr, Shank, Shugars
Bros.

Tailors — Messrs. Grabs, Thokey.

Tinners— Messrs. Hartzell (sold out), Kerr, Shank, Sugars &

Tobacconist — Hommowun and others.

Tile-maker— Snook.

Undertakers — Messrs. Koons, Suell (sold out), Wright, Wey-

AVagon-makers— Messrs. Romiser, Keller, Greener, Hartzell.

AA'eavers— Ladies Converse. Harlan, etc.

AVood dealers— Messrs. Bunger & Sutton, Peter Kuntz,
Fishei-.

AVool dealers— Bowers & Bro., Kirschbaum & Co., Shaw,
Downing and Roger.

BUSINESS — CONTINUED.

Wo give additional information as to various matters of in-
terest in connection with the city in the succeeding article,
in alphabetical order.

Note. — For churches, banks, insurance, clergymen, schools,
attorneys. [)hysicians, the press, etc., see "General Articles"
under each head.

amusements.

For yenrs traveling troupes of various kinds — musical, the-
atrical, etc. — have visited the town, receiving fair and sometimes
strong patronage. During the winter of 1880-81, the opera hall
was fitted up for a skating rink, and recreation of an active
kind was furnished to such as desired it. Occasional concerts
have been held, sometimes securing enthusiastic support.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

446

Throughoat the season of 1881-82, a greatly increased patron-
age has been aflforded to performing companies of various sorts,
the opera hall being occupied in this way during a large part

[See under the head of miscellany.]

CARBIAOE-MAKINO.

In the fall of 1881 , a new company was organized with a
capital of 110,000, for carriage -making, styled the Union City
Carriage Company. The partners are James Starbuck, Pierre
Gray and Charles G. Tritt, three active young business men,
who have been brought up in Union City, and who have the dis-
position and the "grit" to prove in the homos of their childhood
and amid the haunts of thoir youth that they have in them the
stuff that men are made of. The firm is not yet under full head-
way, but they begin well, and in the spring of 1882 expect to
have in thoir employment thirty-live hand.s. The enterprise will
add one more to the establishments that have grown up in Union
City to add to the activity and the wealth of the town. The
work which they have completed and offered to the public finds
ready and speedy sale, and the linn are encouraged tu proceed
with their praiseworthy enterprise.

CAKRIiOE WORKS, G. W. ROSS.

[See biography of G. W. Boss.]

Messrs. Cowdery & Lefevre are dentists of long standing in
their profession, D. Cowdery bus been a resident of Union
City for many years, and Dr. Lefovre for a shorter time. We have
no 8{iecial biography of these gentlemen and no definite account
of their business in the city and vicinity, but they are men of
prominence in their profassion, and commaud their full share of
the patronage afforded to the department to which they are de-
voted. Dr. Cowdery has lately obtained authority to use "vital-
ized air" in the extraction of teeth and the performance of dental
operations in general, which is said to be of great advantage in
such matters.

J LIOHT AND MOTOR COMPANY, WOOLLEY & FISHEK.

These works began their operations January, 1881, employ-
ing now fifteen hands, with the expectation of an enlargement of
the force to fifty or even more. Mx. WooUoy has great ingenuity
as an inventor, and has devoted much of his thought to electric
force and machinery for producing and applying it.

Mr. Woolley has furnished the genius and Mr. Fisher the
money, and the two combined have expended $20,000 in the
works in ([uestion. They expect to construct (and are now do-
ing so) electric light apparatus, both for towns and large es-
tablishments and for general household use. The large lights
are to be ran by steam or other power; the smaller ones by an
electric battery. It is also a pai-t of the business of this firm to
make electi'ic motors foi- light work, such as to propel sewing lau-
chines, etc. These proprietors, in February, 1881, made an ex-
hibition of an electriclight on the occasion of a ball at the opera
house in Union City, producing for eight hours a light equal to
the power of 6,000 candles, or the full light of the sun, at a cost
besides the running expenses, of 1(5 cents. Where the power is
furnished by steam, aa in factories, etc., the expense will be
merely nominal. The things which they are making and ex-
pecting to be able to produce are solely the invention of Mr.
Woolley, he having already taken out several important patents
in this country, and his intention being, if he has not already
done so, to secxire patents in the leading countries of Europe,
protecting these creations of his fertile brain.

The light which their generators produce is soft, equable and
wonderfully clear and full, and they aie confident that the light
can be furnished by moans of their generators at a cost of only
one third that of ordinary coal oil lamps. They have a small
engine weighing only thirfy-nino oimces with a capacity of ],0(X>
pound.*) per foot per minute, which is indeed a "little giant,"
and the most powerful machine of its size and weight in the
world. Everything about their establishment shows neatness,

orderliness and thorough mastery of business, and the financial
partner is, as doubtless is also the other, a genteel, modest, unas-
suming, but intelligent and energetic gentleman, intent on busi-
ness, and knowing full well how to manage and control it for
purposes of use and profit.

July, 1882 — Their business has not yet commanded the suc-
cess for which the projectors supposed they had good reason to.
hope and to expect, and the lack of means seems likely to hamper
their efforts. In fact, the establishment is now (September, 1882),
closed, and their buildings have been sold to a new firm, estab-
lished for carrying on a new and ti^tally different business, viz.,
to the Heat Fender Company, lately formed in Union City.

The United States Express oflSca was established at the com- .
moncement of business on the railroads centering in the town.
Some of the agents have been Robert Johnson, Charles William-
son, W. W. Vance, Henry Kitzelman. J. W. Gillies, W. W. Nivi-
son and perhaps others. The last named is the present incum-
bent. He seems to be an energetic, faithful, reliable, accom-
modating public servant, conducting the business of the ofiSce on
the true principle, that the duty of a public official is to render
the utmost possible service to the community in the most pleas-
ant and agreeable w.iy. The express office is, in fact, a most
wonderful advantage to the business public and to the people at
large, and such officials as our worthy friend Nivison make us
vividly realize that interesting fact.

The Merchants Union Express Company was established at
Union Cily for a time, but that company went do^vn.

The business of the expre,ss company at this jwint is very
large. The local business is extensive, but the transfer is ten
times as groat. Five railroad tracks center here, and ; several
hack and mail routes besides. Two of the three lines are
among the most important routes in the United States.- At pres-
ent, sixteen express trains pass this office every twenty-four
hours, carrying sixteen messengers in charge of the business
of the company on these trains. It is an interesting fact that
during the whole twenty-seven years of business not a cent of
loss of any kind by robbing or otherwise has ever been suffered
by the public at this office. Such a fact speaks volumes for the
general faithfulness with which the great companies of the coun-
try perform their duties and discharge their obligations to the
people whose servants they are.

There are several express companies in the United States,
the chief of which are: Adams, Wells, Fargo & Co., American,
United States. There are some others, but they are of limited

The general business of the country is divided among the
various companies by mutual arrangement, generally no two
companies operate on the same road, though to this rule there
are several exceptions.

The United States Express does business mostly as follows:
Southern New York, Northwestern Penn-sylvania, Northern
Ohio, Southern Michigan, Northern Indiana and Illinois, South-
ern Wisconsin, parts of Minnesota, Nebraska, Iowa and Kansas.

The companies overlap over each other considerably as to terri-
tory, and no brief description can set the matter forth fully in
detail. The express companies, as they have grown up within
the last thirty or forty years, are in truth a gi-and public con-
venience, almost beyond conception. How the public could do
without them is not easy to see.

FLAX MILL, J. L. FRANK.

This establishment was built in 1SG9 by Mr. Mathers for a
bagging factory. It was operated thus for some four years,
when the enterprise failed, and the bagging factory building
was sold, and transformed into a grist mill. In 1S76, Codding-
ton & Bowen and the Withams revived the flax mill, running it
one year, and Coddington & Bowen two yoai-s till the spring of
1880. At that time, John L. Frank purchased the works, and
handled the business during the fall of 1880. If there were an
abundant supply ^N-ithin reach. 1, 500 tons of raw material could be
manufactured. Only 570 tons, however, were obtained, which
were worked up in about one hundred days. The flax straw is

446

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

spread, rotted, stacked, and at length made into tow to be spun
into bagging. Their market is at Lima, Ohio, Peru, Ind., St.
Louis, Mo. , and elsewhere. The price used to be $S0 to $90 per
ton of lint, but the free admission of jute from abroad lowers
the price of flax material and that of all its products being possibly
an advantage to the consumer, but otherwise to the manufacturer
and the producer. The first year, about seven hundred tons
were purchased and worked at from $6 to $S jier ton of straw.
Last year (1880), the price of straw was iJi.SO per ton; in 1881,
§^. In 1882, Mr. Frank, the proprietor, offered S5 to So. 50 for
good, clean, ti'amped straw, and a smaller price for machine
thrashed, since tramping by horses greatly improved the ma-

Many years ago a foundry was established in Union City, Ohio,
and carried on for some time by Alexander White. Tbe works
were diseoutinued, however, and for a considerable space of time
Union City was without anything of the kind. But in 1874,
the Smith brothers set up their business near the town, as de-
scribed in the succeeding statement.

A now foundry was established in 1882, which is now in op-
eration, of which we have not obtained a particular account,
only that it is owned by Col Patchell, an active and worthy citi-
zen of the town.

MACHINE SHOP, SMITH BROS.

Three brothers, William P., .James and John Smith, came
from Scotland, the former in 180(3, and the two latter in 1872.
William learned his busine.ss in Scotland, and the other two in
this county. William carried on his Ijusiness for three years at
Providence, R. I. In 1874, the brothers set up their works at
Union City, Ind., and their business and their success have been
alike increasing, and with gratifying rapidity and certainty. At
first they had hardly work for themselves; now they employ con-
stantly eight hands, with the fair prospect of a still larger
growth in the neai- future. Their business consists in the mak-
ing and repairing of machinery in general. They construct steam
engines, steam pumps and many other things. Their trade ex-
tends throughout several counties, to Urbana, Hamilton and
elsewhere. They intend before long to pstabli.sh a foundry, for
which they have the building already ])repared. The Smith
brothers are, like most of the business men of Union City, ac-
tive and energetic, putting their own hands to the wheel, and
counting all the time for full men at the business which they
"ontrol. In politics they are Kepublican.

William and James are married, the former with four and
the latter with three children. They are still in the morning
of life, and may enjoy the hope of many active and successful
years in their vocation, a calling alike honorable to themselves
and useful to their fellow-men.

Smith Bros., in the spring of 1882, established a grist mill at
Harrisville, which seems to bo doing good and acceptable work.

The warehouse now occupied by this firm was built in 1858
In- D. J. Manzy & Burnett. It was sold to Wharton cK; Moore;
then to W. & F. G. Wigga, in 1808; then to Wiggs & Wiley in
187(). and to W. A. Wiley & Co. in 1878.

The partners were William A. Wiley and Simon Hendriek.
The house is one of long standing, and has alwaye borne a high
reputation, and done a strong and healthy business. The ])res-
ent firm are fine, genial gentlemen, and godd busiiics-; men.
Mr. Wiley is an efficient member of tin? Iti^ipie Chnicli. being
chorister and Sunday School Sui)i'rint(>ndent, and Mr. Hen-
driek belongs to tlu-'jVesbyti-rian Chm-ch, is a leading mem-
ber and a Kiilin;,' K1<I,T. They are both highly esteemed by
their frii'iids and (lie pnl.Kc. The jtartnership was ended in
the fall of ISSO by tU.' .-cpiration of its term, but Mr. Wiley
continues the business alone at the ^ame place.

At the jiresent time (Februai'V. 1SS'_'). Mr. W ilev is engaged
in business in Chicago. His honi... liowrwr. is slill at Union
City. Whether his employment fli.'iv will be permanent time

veal.

W. Pierce, Messrs. Wellborn and Lambert & Son; some mention
is made of them elsewhere.

Mr. Pierce and also Messrs. Wellborn have mills for manu-
facturing meal and chop feed, which work is done by them ex-
tensively.

George W. Wiggs, agent for Charles W. Cummings, grain
exporter, Philadelphia. His agency at this place began in 1876,
buying about five hundred thousand bushels the first year.
Since that time, his purchases of wheat and corn have risen to
an amount varying from 1.500,000 to 2,500,000 annually.
Sometimes a quantity equal to 1,000 to 2,000 cars has been
bought by him during a single month.

The orders and the purchase are made by telegi-aph, and the
grain shipped direct to Philadelphia or New York. Union City
seems very favorably located for a business of this sort, and Mr.
Wiggs o})erates throughout the State of Indiana with great effi-
ciency and signal success.

OEIST MILL NEW PROCESS.

This mill was placed in a building which had been erected
for a bogging factory in 1809 by Mathers, in connection with a
flax mill. After running the works for some time, he failed, and
the building was bjught for a grist mill. Bowersox & Reeder
placed in the building a new-process mill, about 1874, at a cost
of about §15.000, and the establishment has been in operation
ever since. It was in the hands of Bowersox & Reeder till Oc-
tober, 1878; then of Reeder & Co. till the winter of 1880-81, at
which time the property came into the hands of Dr. Joel N. Con-
verso, now of Chicago; and the mill is now operated by Harry
Converse, under the fii'm name of Converse & Co. The mill con-
tains three run of buhrs for wheat and one for corn, besides an-
other run for the process of regrinding. The present capacity
of the machinery is 350 bushels of wheat in twenty-four hours,
with two run of buhrs.

The new j)rocess consists of machinery for the purifying and
regi-inding of the middlings. They pass through a kind of fan-
ning mill that subjects them to an air blast, which cools and puri-
fies by removing the woody fiber and the germ of the kernel, and
after that the middlings pass to the special run and are re-
ground, and the substance is then conveyed into the head of the
bolt, and the flour thus obtained is the finest of the whole.
There is also a bran duster, which consists of a cylinder with re-
volving brushes, which brushes the bran and takes every dust of
flour therefrom, and the flour thus obtained is of an excellent
quality. And the quantity saved, moreover, is considerable, since
the makers propose to sell the proprietors a new bran duster, and
to wait for payment until the amount saved thereby shall be
equal in value to the price of the machine. The machinerj' in
the mill is very excellent, and the results accomplished are of
the highest order. New works have been added during the pres-
ent year to the value of $1,500 or over, it being the determina-
tion of the enterprising projirietors to make all the appliances
of the mil! equal to the very best in the region.

GRIST .MILL --UNION CITY, OHIO.

This mill was built before 1855 by McMillen. and owned by
McMillen, Burnet & Stubbs, Burnet. Hayes & Stubbs, Cranor &
Fisher, Rogers, Weimar, McFeely. the latter becoming its pro-
prietor in 1879.

The mill contains four run of buhrs, three for wheat and one
for corn, etc., and has a capacity of 100 barr.ds in twenty-four
hours. The mill has for some time been doing but little, yet it
is ca])able, under proper and efficient management, of good,
thorough, reliable work.

A cooper shop is maintained in connection with the mill, for
the supj>ly of barrels for the use of the establishment to send its
floui' to market.

-rs in Unio

There has been a good supply of these needful establish-
ments from the beginning, and the number is now greater than
ever, in fact, too great for detailed mention. The biographies
of several of the principal citizens thus engaged will bo found
in their a])propriate places, but for an account of the establish-
ments themselves we have no room.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

447

ri-iod o

J. T. Hartzell, hardware, has for several y^
extensive and constantly increasing business. There seems to
be hardly any limit to his activity and onterprias. Ho is at pres-
ent a dealer in tin, stoves and hardware; has a turning factory;
deals extensively in lumber; has a wagon shop; inins wagons for
peddling, for pumps, for lightning iwds, for sewing machines;
he has lately bought the wood and timber on 100 acres, and is
engaged in having the wood and timber removed from the laud;
owns a sawmill for the manufacture of lumber, etc. He employs
about forty hantls. It is hard to tell what will spring up next
under his omnipresent energy.

He has also started manufacturing at Greenville, Ohio. It
has bpon said that he will remove entirely from Union City to
Greenville. Ohio. Whether the rumor has any foundation can-
not now bo told. At this writing (August, .1882), Mr. Hartzell's
business has been mostly transferred to tlie town above named,
though he still holds his residence at Union City.

There are two other hardware estahlishments — that of Jaqua
& Kuntz and that in connection with the lumber works of
Witham, Anderson & Co., in charge of George Gregory. They
are canned on ehietly for the sale of hardwai-e for building pur-
iwses.

HEAT FENDER COMPANY.

During the summer of 1882, a new association, called the Heat
P'ender Company, was created in Union City for the purpose of
manufacturing a newly patented invention for conveying away
surplus heat from stoves used for heating purposes during the
summer. The company has pm-chased the property formerly oc-
cupied by the Electric Light Company, on the south side of
Pearl street, near the railroad tracks, and it is the intention and
expectation to enter extensively upon the manufacture and sale
of the ai'ticie in question. A considerable capital has been in-
vested with the hope and prospect of certain and abundant re-
turns. The invention was patented August 13, 1S82, by B. S. Hite,
of Mexico, Mo. Three companies have been organized for the
manufacture of the heat fender — at Mexico Mo., at Union t^ity,
Tenn., and at Union City, Ind. The company at Union City,
Ind., was organized August 14, 1882: capital, §50,000; share,
$100. Officers— John Butcher, President; A. G. Waymire, Vice
President; Preston N. Woodbury, Secretary; A. B. Cooper,
Treasurer; John S. Starburk General Manager; John Butcher,
A. G. Waymire, Preston N. Woodbury, John S. Starbuck, John
L. Reevei, Henry Retenour, Directors. The machinery will soon
be on hand and ready for operation. A considerable force will
soon be employed, and by another year it is expected that one
hundred to one hundred and fifty hands will be engaged in the
business of the estal)lishment.

DNION CITV HOSE COMPANV NO. 1.

This company was formed December, 1873, the number being
limited to thirty members, K. J. Clark being chosen Foreman.

In 187y, the number of members was increased to forty.
The present Foreman is Jacob S. Bowers, who is also Chief of
the Union City Fire Department. The company hold monthly
meetings for business, and have an appropriate uniform, with
suitable laws for the government of their conduct as members of
the company. It is composed wholly of volunteers. The line
for non-attendanc,i at ragul.if meeting-! is 10 cents, and for ab-
sence at tiros 50 cents. The signal for meeting is five taps of
their bell. Meetings for drill are held at the call of the Fore-
man. They own two ho.^e reels and 1,000 feet of hose. Alarms
often test the promptness and speed of the firemen, and they
answer with great alacrity to the call, but fortunately, few real
and extensive fires have occurred in the city since the creation
of the hose company.

In 1881, the hose company visited Sidney, Ohio, by invita-
tion, on the 4th of July, and "in 1882 the Sidney boys were en-
tertained at this place. The entertainments on both days were
liberal and genei'ous.

The Branham House was opened in 1850, and has boon the
loading hotel of the place ever since. Several other public houses
have boon kept, among which have been the Star House, the Butcher

House, State Line House, etc. The Butcher House has been run
by Messrs. Butcher, Doty, Barnes, Austin, Winslow and others.

The oldest hotel in town was built on the north side of Pearl
street, opposite the post office. The building was erected in
July, 1852, and was opened for travelers under the name of the
Forest House.

Since that time it has passed through many hands, bearing
now the appellation of the Malen House. The State Line House
was built very early, and has been open as a hotel nearly or <iuit<j
all the time since its first erection; for some years past under
the control of William Orr. The Star House, now in the hands
of Mr. Baker, and occupied as a boarding house, is said by the
early settlers to have been the first frame Ijuilding erected on the
present site of Union City.

Solomon Young, Union City, Ohio, has been a resident of
the vicinity for at least thirty years. He is said to have been
the first butcher iu the place. He has been a fai-mer and trader,
latterly a grain buyer, and at present a dealer in ice. He con-
structed a pond in the fall of 1880, and during the succeeding
winter stored there several hundred tons of ice, and now
deals out the cooling substance through the summers of fearful
heat, greatly to the comfort of the citizens of the town. He in-
tends to bore down into the vast subterranean river which has
already been tapped in various places, to utilize still further its
valuable waters by filling therewith his enlarged ice pond.
Great, indeed, is the ingenuity of man, and wonderful his fore
thought; and unnuraerable are the methods and the contrivan-
ces by which grievances are removed and comforts are increased
and multiplied, and one of the best of them all is this one of
storing up the frozen products of the cold of wint<?r to temper,
the torrid heats of a burning summer. Long may the ice man
flourish, and his tribe increase, till the luxury of ice in summer
may be brought within the reach of all! Mr. Young has in the
late fall of 18S1 purchased the old Orr Building, in Union City,
Ohio, one of the first erected in that town, and is now ^December,
1881) engaged in repairing and improving the property and the
premises for a more remunerative and successful use.

There is also another ice dealer in town besides Mr. Young,
an account of whoso business is not now at hand. Besides these,
some establishments procure ice during the winter for their own
summer supply. Great quantities of this precious solid are used
in these days. The egg and butter and poultry men. the
butchers, the grocers, etc. , employ much ice to preserve their
commodities at a proper temperature. Hotels and private fami-
lies alike patronize the ice business on an extensive scale; in fact,
the production of cold in hot weather is, in the.se latter days, a
wonderful promoter of comfort; and, although ice can even now be
supplied at a surprisingly low rate, let us fondly hope that the
time is not very far in the future when ice may come to be not
a luxury at the command only of the rich, but a necessary of life
and within easy reach of the masses of the people.

This establishment is large, and growing larger and more ex-
tensive every year. [For a statement in detail, see account pre.
viously given, as also biography of P. Kuntz.]

WITHAM, ANDERSON & CO.

The lumber yard on the ground now occupied by this firm
was established by Samael Carter in 1858. Afterward Carr &
Co. o{)erated there; now Witham & Anderson occ\ipy the place.
The business of that yard has grown with the place and region
till the amount of lumber handled has come to be something won-
derful. They deal in all kinds of liunber and house furniture,
including hardware. The firm receive about seven hundred car
loads of lumber yearly, or probably a larger quantity than that.

They have all needed machinery for working lumber — sur-
facing machines, matching machines, siding saw, wood-worker,
cut-off saws, mortising machines, tenon machines, lathas, jig
saws, molding machines, frizzers, etc., etc. They employ thirty
to forty hands, and sell above 1100,000 per year.

The average stock on hand, including real estate and fixtures,
may be estimat«d at $50,000.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

A1)ont 1S75, Thomivs Jones, of Union City established a lum-
ber yard for handling the various hard native woods marketed
in the region. After ojierating alone for one year. Simon Hed-
rick became his partner for two years. About January, 18Sl\ a
new firm was formed, consisting of Jones, Bonner & Ebert,
which exists at the present time. Their business has steadily
increased till they have come to ojierate on an|oxtensive scale.
They buy logs, and prociu-e their manufacture into lumber of
various kinds at the different points of purchase and storage.
They get lumber from Dawn, Ansouia, Boundary City, Green-
ville, Palestine, Winchester, Union City, Dunkirk, Redkey,
Hartford City, Shideler, Muncie, Recovery, etc. At Recovery
and Hartford City the firm maintain depots for original ship-
ment, having at Recovery alone at this time 100,000 feet of lum-
ber ])repared for market.

Their shipments are wholly to Now England and the Eastern
sea board, consisting of ash, oak, walnut, wild cherry, etc. As
a specimen of their work it may lie stated that iu twenty-four
days, during the winter of 1880, tht- firm paid out $0,400 at
their ofiSce in Union City, Ohio, alone for logs, which were sawed
into lumber on the ground by a mill hired )iy them, and set up in
the yard for the pm-pose. Within eighteen months past, the amount
of lumber handled by them has been in equal in value to §100,-
000 to 3120,000. The amount of advantage which accrues to
the farmiu-s and producers of the region by means of the enter-
prise and the capital of such energetic business men is almost
beyond belief. A few years ago timber stood on the ground
a burden and a nuisance, costing untold labor :md i-il\ to clear its
bulk from the face of the land and lu.-ikr nvi.l;. l!i.. soil to re-
ceive the precious seed for the ho|ir>(l for iTop. with notliiTiLr to
show for the labor expended l)nt llio u-Im's U-U n|.on ihc <j;mund
bv the consumption of the lo- heap, lui.-n,.,! in i;„. ,-l..arn.,'>.

Now the value of tlio liiulHT alon.' far cn.^o.!, I hai of tin' land

heretofore eith.T for fuel or for n„.nl,and,.... liav .•oni,. to po^-
-^ess a large marketable value, ami it is now not a very uucoui-
iiion occurrence that two or three trees cut and hauled to market
will bring money enough to purchase a full acre of the soil on
which they stood, with all the tindjer growing tliereupon. 1'hus
i t is that the "middlemen" immensely enhance the worth of articles
of commerce, and not infrequently absolutely create a large and
profitable value for commodities which otherwise would have
possessed none at all.

Peter Kuntz, the veteran hnnber dealer m TnLin Citv, and
llufus A. Wilson, his former j.avtncr iu thai l.usiucss. bay,, en-
tered into a new |iav(ui-i>1iii). and rstabli-lu'd a now IiiuiiM i- yard
on thoOhio M(l.., iuinir.Uatoly ..a^l, of tli,- Slate iiur, uhu-h
may, in time, taking into ac-counl the well known and lon;,'-tri.Ml
activity and business tact of the enterprising ].i-opriet<)rs. 4)e-
como an im[)ort.ant and extensive establishment.

MEBCHANTS.

The number of stores in Union City from flr-t to last has
boon somewliat large. Within a sh.a-t tiuir after Ih- .oiunience-
luent of the town, si.K stores werr in suc.'e.^ful oprralio,,. We
are unable to name the jiersons who havi' I'loni limr to time sold
goods to the citizens of the aspiring town and tli>' inhabitants of
the sm-rounding region. In tr\ith. lln' tra.lo (•.■nti'i-uiL,' at this
railroad point was for years com] >aialivol_\ lar-c (iraiuwas
wagoned from far north to Recovery, Portland. N'mv Coryifim, and
the goods sold by Union City merchants found their wu'y far and
wide throughout the northern woods. And for mtiny years the
business men of the embryo city were oi)posed to the t'xtension
of the Dayton & Union Railroad northwardly to I'oilland. bo-
cause it would dejirivo them of the wa^^-on trad., fioni tliat -,-,•
tion. Of hite years the two rival est,al>li>lnn.uii. osvuod l,y
Messrs. Bowers and Kirschbuum seem to havo ali-xalnd all the
others, except indeed a single one rejoicing in the o\vuershi|) of
J. T. Shaw, who has held his ground iu spite of all the dilJicul-
tiea for seventeen or eighteen vears, and who still maintains his

hold upon the confidence of his customers of past years, and
doubtless gains others also by means of reliable goods and fair
dealing.

It is somewhat remarkable that in a town of some four
thousand people only three dry goods stores can to-day be
found. Two of them, however, are very extensive, and the other
one commands a substantial patronage. Some accoimt of each
will be discovered in the biographies of their proprietors resjiect-

Amoug the kinds of business created by the needs of modern
civilization hardly any is more remarkable or more noteworthy
than the one here described. And that so extensive an establish-
ment as the one now under consideration should spring up and
flourish in a town so small and comparatively obscure as Union
City is a curious specimen of the freaks of business, or rather of
the certainty with which a combination of capital and business
skill will create facilities for business and command assured and
abundant success.

Mr. Harris came here not very many years ago with slender
means, working ior AV. S. Osborn on a salary. After becoming
acquainted, he Was offered one-fotu'th interest in the concern,
which netted him $1,000 the first year. He went in with E. H.
Turpen, a substantial grocer of the place They boiTOwed some
money and undertook the pork-packing business, and, the year
being a fortunate one, they realized a considerable amount.
They built their brick edifice for their grocery business, took Mr,
O.sborn'sjiacking house on shares for a j'ear, and then bought
him out. This business has grown greatly in their hands, having
increas.'d from >-'T:).ii(tO a year to .§500,000 annually. They have
nianagod also two other establishments of the kind, one at To-
led,., Ohio, anil one at (lo^hen, and while carrying on these they
are --uppo^ed to have li-'iidlod more trade of this kind than any
oihei- linn iu the Puiletl States. They now have only the estiib-
li.^huient ,it I hion (Utv, and handle more business of this sort
than any oiher llrui in 'the State of Indiana. This firm was the
lirsi in till' West to iimploy a refrigerator for pui'poses of preser-
vation of ilieii ;;i)(jds, and now they conduct that branch of
the hnsuii-,- on ;i very large scale. They pack each winter
iJo Ions of ic '. and have a cajiacity of storage at once for
t.ODil barrels of e;,'e-,s. which capacity is often utilized to the ut-
most. 'J'hey hanciU yearly ■J.ddll.lH)!) pounds of butter, two to
three hundred thousand jioiuids oi poultry and 1.5,000 barrels of
eggs. They throw away of spoiled eggs sometimes 1 .000 dozen
in a single day during the busy season. The temperature of
their packing apartments is maintained throughout the entire
season at iibout thirty-eight, only six degrees above freezing point.
This establishment is an illustrious example of the necessity and
the public advimtago of "middlemen, " so bitterly decried by many
in the community. Without something of the sort canned on
by them, the egg and butter business would be, during the hot
season, neaily a dead loss, since for private parties to preserve
and market these commodities at such times would be nearly im-
jxissible.

They gather the products of the farmers through a region
Imnch-eds of mih^s in extent, giving a constant and reliable
price, and buying the w hole product of the region, no matter how
great the jiuk untnor how dull the general market maybe. They
make their i)unhasi's, jmt the articles into a marketable condi-
tion, and. holding till the glut ceases, forward at a proper time
for a remuneraliye sale, thus making a good profit for themselves
indeed, but ]>Mying to the farmers at home, moreover, more than
they Could possibly voalize at the general markets. The value of
their laliors to the eonnuuuity is therefore immense, eilecting a
sa\ine- to the pi-odiii'ers of an amount far greater than even the
prolits wlueh liy ilieir skill and forethought they are enabled to
realize ."oi- ilie]ii.,i'|yes. fn fact the "middleman" business, so much
deeried .and so little understood, is, on the whole, the soui-ce of
neail;. .all the prolit whic'li accrues to any class.

lor the produeei- to jiiarket their own commodities would be
utterly iiupo,ssililo, except tit a ruinotis loss. But by means of
the despised and condemmed "middlemen "of all kinds, convey-
ors, transporters, wholesale and retail dealers, agents and what

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

not, business, instead of being ruinous and impossible, becomes
for the whole country and the universal world, and for producers
as well as for "middlemen" a gi-and, glorious, triumphant suc-
cess. This branch may at times, like every other department of
activity, be over donej but if that ever ocourrs the matter very
soon rights itself and an equilibrium takes place. Turpen &
Harris procure their merchandise over a gi'eat extent vjf territory,
through portions of Indiana, Ohio and Illinois. By agents at
the principal shipping points, on .salaries or on commission, by
local agents, by wagons traversing the country and in every prac-
ticalile way they succeed in gathering almost incredible amounts
of those products of tlie farm. So delicate, so frail, so perish-
able, which nevertheless come to be and solely through the onlight-
enod skill by which their capital and labor are constantly con-
trolled, the source of immense profit to the producers and to the
country at large. They employ at Union City alone about thirty
hands. The buildings in which their extensive business is car-
ried on are not, indeed, as they do not need to be, showy and ex-
pensive, yet in those humble edifices is handled an immense and
well nigh incredible amount of merchandise, the value of which
is created almost wholly by the energy and skill with which they
employ the means under their control in this important depart-
ment of commerce. [For other packing houses, see John S.
Stai-buck. ]

In the spring of ISSO, James Moorman, of Winchester, donat-
ed a fine tract of ground nearly in the heart of the town for a
city park, to be kept and used for that exclusive purpose.

Some rather remarkable incidents were connected with Moor-
man's Park. The property some years ago belonged to William
P. Debolt, Esq. He mortgaged it with other property to secure
the payment of money, became unable to pay and the mortgage
was foreclosed and the lands sold by the Sueriflf James Moor-
man bought the property. Mrs. Debolt refused absolutely to leave
the premises. A long and bitter legal struggle arose. Mrs. Do-
bolt was put oflf by the officers of the law, but she immediately
returned, and for weeks in the heart of winter, amid frost and
rain and snow, did that resolute woman persist in holding fast by
lodging on the porch of the dwelling, which was locked and
watched by Deputy Sheriffs to keep her from entering. James
Moorman made her offers, but they were rejected' with scora At
length, weary with the struggle, ho donateil the lots to Union
City, which the council accepted, much against the judgment
of many of the citizens, since it seemed to th?m to be taking np
a dispute without occasion. Mrs. Debolt was at last taken by
the Sheriff to Winchester, by order of Judge Monks, to answer
for contempt of court, but was lot go under strict promise that
she would surrender the fort. There has been no f m-ther trouble,
and the siege of " Fort Debolt " is only a memory of the past.
In the course of the struggle, some one who was in sympathy
with the lady stopped the cbimnoy-top and raised tlio cry of fire.
The officers inside opened the doors in alarm. Mrs. Debolt
rushed in in spite of attempted force to prevent her and gained ])0s-
session, and kept it till taken to Winchest«^r, as before stated.

Of the rights of the controversy the public generally were not
perhaps fully informed. Mrs. Debolt claimed that she had never
knowingly signed away her right to the property, and that in jus-
tice one third was still hers, while the other party declared, cer-
tainly with a strong show of rea.ion. that his title was complete,
and that she had not even the shadow of a valid claim. The
court was certainly on the side of Moorman, and made her to
cease her attempts to hold possession of the property by severe
threats of greater severity unless she obeyed its mandates; yet
tbo jtublic tranquillity was for a time seriously disturbed by the
controversy, since many sided with the woman, and more thought
it an unwise thing to adopt the contest against Mrs. Debolt.
The matter soon (juietod down, however, and little or nothing
!;as been heard of it since. Mrs. Debolt, indeed, has undertaken at
tiiues to gather fruits from the trees upo". the lots, and once at
least, during the summer of 1881, she was arrested and thrown
in'o the calaboose by the Town Mar.shal for trespassing thus
;'.|.-,jti the promises, contrary to tUe express and strict ordinance
of the Oity Council concerning the property.

The whole case is a curious episode in the dull routine of city
life, showing how perplexing are the instances of conflicting
claims which arise in the course of business, and how much
trouble a single resolute and persistant (Dot to say stubborn and
obstinate) individual may cause to his neighbors and the com-
munity.

Besides Moorman Park, which cannot bo used for religious
or political gathering.s, there is a park chietly covered with nat-
ural timber, containing many acres, and besides this the fair
grounds. Both these inclosures are well suited for public as-
semblies or for private pleasure parties. Good platforms have
been erected, excellent wells have been prepared and the shade
is beautiful and abundant, and both locations are used in this
way for picnics, conventions, rallies, celebrations, camp meetings,
etc., et'-..

PIKES.

The roads to Union City during the first years of its existence
wore horrible enough. In muddy times, they were simply awful.
Pikes began to bo built, however, and the good work has gone
on until now nearly or quite ever}' road leading into town
has been made into a pike. The number extending outward from
the city as a center are eight in number: 1, the North Pike
to Winchester, ton miles; 2, the South Pike to Winchester, ton
miles; li, the South State Line Pike, six and one fourth miles,
connecting at the south end with a pike leading to Greenville,
Ohio; 4, the pike to Hill Grove, loading to Greenville, elovon
miles; 5, the Teogarden Pike, leading north and east (worn out);
0, the Salem Piko, leading northward nine miles to the line of
Jay County; this niad has a branch to New Pittsburg, also on the
Jay County line; 7, the State line, loading north; 8, a pike load-
ing southeast to Darlington, etc.

Some of these roads become badly cut up during the rain
and frost of winter, but they do great good nevertheless. They
are a vast improvement on the bottomless sea of mud that tried
men's temjier and their hor.^os' pulling qualities as well in the
days of "auld lang syne." A proper system of road work such
as might easily bo devised and perfected would vastly improve
the common highways and make them all nearly equal to pikes
with little additional expense. The system of road working now in
vogue with slight modifications would answer every purpose. Much
of the road work as now done is only a nuisance rather than an
advantage. The gravel obtainable for the construction of pikes
in this region is not always of the best quality, and the durabil-
ity of the road bed is somewhat lessened thereby. Two now
pikes, both of them of considerable advantage to the prosperity
of Union City, are in process of construction during the sumuior
of 1882. First, one leading from the Winchester & Deertield
Pike eastward through Saratoga to the toll gate northwest of
Union City; second, one commencing at the Wayne County lino,
southeast of Spurtansbui'g, and running directly north to the toll
gate southwest of Union City. Both these roads aro being made
under the provisions of the five piko law in force in the State of
Indiana. The first opens a large scope of fine farming country,
and gives the citizens in that locality an excellent avenue of
communication both oast and west. The second is longer and
still moro im[)ortant, reaching out through the extreme southern
portions of the county, and affoi'ding to some of the oldest and
richest portions of our territory a direct and substantial highwav
to the markets of Union City.

Tho post office was established at the commencement of the
town. It found temporary accommodations in various places. It
was kept besides other locations at one time southwest comer
Oak and Columbia; at another in a small building on Pearl
street, now occupied by the Young Men's Christain Association,
and still again in the Hardy Block, southeast corner Pearl and
Columbia. Though for a long time migratory, it has found, it may
be hoped, a fixed abode in the northwest corner of the Branham
Block, on East Pearl street.

The Postmasters have been many, some of whom are here
given, somewhat (possibly not quite) in order of their appoint-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ment: Messrs. llillor, J. E. Paxson, John Diehl. Eulon. Thomas
Wilf^'. Biohnrd Barrett, Valentint) Thcjmson. Hedgepeth, J. R.
Jackson, A. B. Cooper (present incumhpnt).

The offioB, from being at tirst very small and insignificant,
has become a large and important one with a salary of SI, 200
per year. There are in connection with it 064 boxes.

There are several side mails branching from this point as fol-
lows: I, Spartansburg, Arby & Richmond Hack Line, daily,
supplying Bartonia, Spartansburg, Arba and other places; 2
L'uion & Recovery Hack Route, supplying Castle. Allensville,
Jordan, Salimony and Recovery.

It is also a money order office, doing a large amount of busi-
ness in Ihat line. The general income of the otHce amounts
yearly to a large sum. The Postmasters of Union City have for
many years, perhaps always, been noted for their kind and ac-
commodating disposition, and especially does the present incum-
bent present a tine illustration of the principle that the business
of a public servant is to subserve the interests of the public in
his department of labor in every reasonable and practicable way.

Mr. Cooper, the present occupant of the office, after a service
in the office as dejiuty and as principal during several years, re-
ceived in 1880 a re- appointment and a commission for four years
in accordance with a petition numerously signed by the residents
of the vicinity asking for his continuance in the po.sition.

Two cliief national mail routes, those by the "Bee-Line" and
the "Pan Haudle" Railways, meet and cross at Union City, as
also the route from Cincinnati via Dayton. Ohio, comes to this
point; liesides, there are the hack routes previously mentioned.

Thi'ro have lioen at different times various halls fitted up for
jnihlie purposes. Among tliem have been the followiii;r: Pavsou's
Hall. Scanlan's Hall, Cranor's Hall, Kirsehbaum's Hall. I'li'lrlHi---
Kali, Opera Hall. Temperance Hall. Temperanci' 'r;il"Tn;i< I,.
These halls have been opened at various times, general I \ alioiii
two having been in use simultaneously. There is ii^w l.iit ni,,..
viz.. the Opera Hall, third floor, corner of Oak and Howard. The
Temperance Tabernacle, erected for temperance meetings and for
other general uses, has been sold and changed into a carriage
warehouse.

Since Uoion City is perha})s the most important railroad cen-
ter in Randolph Countv.it will not be thought amiss to connect
the account of tlio various railroads evt,.nding in different direc-
tions through the conulv with our description of that town.
There are indeed at ].res,-nt >..v..ial r.iilroad crosMugs -Win-
che.ster, Ridgeville. Lvnn aii.l riiiou Citv ,-iiv ,i<.w i'avored with

nd Ha

.1- Ka

At l.\

graml ciil-

ighfan-

in the State or oven in the
Handle, or, speaking more
Cleveland, Columbus, Cinrii
biu'gh, Cincinnati & St. I,"m
Dayton .t Union Railn.a-!
south, joins the two gi-e;
therefore, at the olhei- im
nortli and south n.ad slnl.

V the

>ld a

oint whore the
I'inuati and the
-I to. While,
M till? oountv a
I'oad, at Union
ion strikes both
■oute. of travel

r Ka

this ti

mju!

■ity.

The track of Ihe liie.i: ,\ Davlon
State line in Uiiion ( 'itv I ie,...,Hl>ei- :.':., isr.-J Some weeks elapsed,
however, betor." the track was suitalilo for general traflic. One
gentleman says that the tirst passenger train through from Day-
ton to Inuiauapolis passed over the road January 2-i, 1S5;1 The

east part of the Indianapolis & Bellefoiltaine Railroad was
brought here, and the two parts were joined together, in perhaps
July. 1S.J8.

That part of the Pan Handle, now the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati
& St. I;ouis Railroad, from Columbus to Union City, was complet-
ed in about 18ril). The other part from Union City to Logans-
port was completed in about 1S(37. Two other roads were grad-
ed to re!ich this city, viz., the Louisville & Railroad and

the Portland Railroad, but as yet they are simply grades and
nothing more.

As it is, five tracks converge at this point from so many dif-
ferent directions, furnishing sure and speedy connections with
the whole country, and making Union City an important rail-
road center.

A vast amount of business, both local and transfer, is done nt
this place. The e-tpress office also does a very large business.

There is one extensive roundhouse belonging to the Bee-
Line Railroad, The Pan Handle has a passenger and freight
depot combined. The Bee Line and the Dayton & Union Rail-
roads are united in management, and have a passenger and a
freight depot used by both. Each passenger depot has a tele-
gra])h ofSce: only the Bee Line does general business.

The Brauham House is the grand railroad hotel of the town,
established in 1856, and still owned and managed by Simeon
Branham, Esfj., in couneiition with one of his sons. It is an
excellent hotel; its worthy proprietor is an upright, Christian
gentleman, and his discreet and liberal management of the public
house under his control has done much to give character abroad
to onr ambitious and enterprising little city.

The number of railroad employes in Union City is 150 or
more. The business transacted by the different roads is almost
beyond Ixvlief. Sixteen passenger trains and twenty-two freight
trains arrive or depart or both from Union City every twenty- four
hours as follows: D. &, W. R. R. , passenger, four, freight, two;
J'an Handle, passenger, six, freight, ten; Bee Line, passenger,
six, freight, ten.

The freight trains are very large, and often run in sections,
two and sometimes three sections in one train. Counting the
sections as single trains, there are sometimes (including all the
roads) iifty or more trains in a single day.

It is wonderful, and yet it is said to be the truth, that dm'ing
almost thirty years of constant and ceaseless traffic not an inju-
rious accident of any kind has ever happened at the grand rail-
road crossing at Columbia street by a collision at that point. It
makes one think of the movements of the stars in their course,
and of the "nuisic of the spheres."

Several sad injuries resulting in death have indeed occurred
in and near the town. It is reasonably thought, however, that
in most of the cases and possibly in all the employes of the road
have not been in fault. The railroad management is, in truth,
an immense biisiness, wonderful for its extent and its complica-
tions and for its endlessness of detail, and requires for its safe
and successful handling a care, a skill, a j)atience and an attention
close, persistent, uninterrupted both night and day, almost, one
would think, beyond the power of man to accom])lish; yet the work
is (lone here and throughout the whole land with a perfection, a
IlioioiiLjhness and a comparative safety and freedom from casualty
agi-eealile to contemplate and wonderful to behold True, indeed.
that, taken in the aggregate, many great and terrible casualties
have taken jilace; yet, compared with the immense and incon-
ceivable amount of ti-affic transacted upon the railways of the
land, the natiu'al and unavoidable liabilities to accidents of every
..'oncoivable sort, the comparative freedom ft'om injury to life and
limb is indeed wonderful, is little short of miraculous, and shows
a power in the human mind to develop, regulate and control the
forces of nature to the needs of the great family of man well
nigh inconceivable. And all this business has grown up in the
country and world within the last half century, and for the West
most of the whole vast traffic, comprising scores of thousands of
miles of track, tens of thousands of cars, thousands of huge loco-
motives, besides the towns, the depots, the engine works, the
car works, the iron and steel factories luid all and sundry the
places and appliances for the carrying on of this incredible mass

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

451

of hnmaa activity within thirty years. Gruat is commerce! Great
has she always been, and greater still and over greater, and
daily and yearly more indescribably and inconceivably great in
extent, in richness and in capability for the use and comfort of
human kind.

DAYTON k CNIOU RAILRO.tD.

The Dayton & Union Railroad was tlie first road completed to
Union City, December 25, 1852. Great activity was at that time
shown in the construction of railroads. A track had been laid
from Dayton to Greenville, and a route was projected and work
done thereon from the latter point to Winchester, Ind., and the
early completion of the track on that route was supposed to be a
fixed fact. However, by the efforts of the Messrs. Smith, in behalf
of their embryo town, Union City, the route wa.s changed to
that place. The track was laid to Union City December 25,
1852, and shortly afterward business began upon the road. For
a time, the amount of traffic done upon that road was very
large, but^ as direct lines to the eastern seaboard developed their
capacity for business, its importance as a throughfaro of trade
and travel grew less. Still, a large ti-affic is can-ied on over ths
route, and ihe Dayton & Union line adds greatly to thebusinese
facilities of the place and the region. It is said by railroad ex-
perts that it makes the best financial showing of any road in the
United States, 42 per cent of its gross earnings being net profit.

Three trains daily each way .pass over its track — two passen-
ger and one freight train. During some eight years past, the
management of the Dayton & Union Eailroad has been in joint
connection with the Bao Line and the Cincinnati, Hamilton &
Dayton (C, H. & D.) Railroads.

The Bee Line from Indianapolis to Bellefontaine is the pio-
neer road of this region, having been projected in 1817 and com-
pleted in 185:^ though the Dayton & Union Railroad was com-
pleted before the Bee Line. The charter was granted bv the
Legislature of Indiana daring the winter of 1847-48. Work
was begun upon the route in 1849, and the Indiana portion was
joined to the Dayton & Union Railroad in January. 1S58, and
the Ohio portion was completed in the summer of 185:i. At first
the route from Indianai)olis and Bellefontaine belonged to two
companies. In 185'.'. a consolidation occnrred, and in 1808 a
further union took place, forming the Cleveland. Columbus &
Cincinnati Railroad, under the name of the Cleveland, Colum-
bus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railroad, or familiarly the Bee
Line. It transacts an immense amount of business, general and
local, the statistics in detail, of which, however, cannot readily
be obtained. Its trains are three passenger trains each way daily
and five regular freight trains, often increased to ten or oven more
than that, making a grand total of from sixteen to twenty or thirty
or even more trains daily. Counting the five radiating tracks as
separate roads and reckoning the trains running on each <is being
distinct from seventy to one hundred trains daily reach or leave
this city as a grand center of railway traffic ami travel. The con-
trast between the new and the old in tliis respect is amazing.
Imagine for a moment the business now handled by means of
lOl) daily trains to and from a single point to be transacted by
horse power! The thought itself is preposterous; to make it a
reality would be utterly impracticable.

The company have a passenger depot, a coiffinodious freight
warehouse and <in extensive roundhouse. They maintain also a
telegraph office, operated both for the company's business and also
for the general public. The agents have been these: R. A. AVillson,
S. C. Weddington, C. Williamson, Anthony Cost, O. E. Tiffany,
George AV. Kondrick, H. S. \Vat«on, R. T. Johnson, J. Q. Van
Winkle, F. E. Vestal, R. T. Johnson.

I J R. A. Willson says that he began the office work for all the
roads in ]853. The repair shops of the company are at Bright-
wood, near Indianapolis.

The Bee Line have in Randolph County five stations — Union
City, Harrisville, Winchester, Farmland and Morristown or
Parker. And in the order of business they would be Union City,
Winchester, Farmland, Morristoii\-n, Harrisville. The passenger
depot and rotmdhouse are in Indiana; the freight bouiie is in Ohio.

"Reminiscences of the Bee Line Railroad," given in substance
by Thomas Neely, Esq.. then and now of Muncie, Ind., in Del-
aware County History: Kingman Bros., Chicago; page thirty-
nine: " I thought we ought to have a railroad connection, but did
not know where. I carried round a paper, but excited no special
interest. Dr. Anthony laughed at the idea, and called it foolish-
ness. A meeting was called, a large crowd attended and
speeches were made, but no one had any idea to what point the
road should run. Some said, ' to the canal at Fort Wayne. ' I
said no, for that will freeze up. Various points were suggested,
Indianapolis. Connorsville, Fort Wayne, Bellefontaine. The
two latter places made special overtures, The question was de-
cided in a novel way. At a meeting held in the woods where
Union City now stands, after several speeches had been made
from a bos, the matter was jmt to vote. Bellefontaine was di-
rected to take one side and all others the other side. Bellefon-
taine carried by two-thirds over all other points. Thus the Bee
Line was born, O. H. Smith wasmad^ President, and the grand
system of railroads for the great Northwest was begun." One
track, indeed, then existed in the State, viz., from Indianapolis
to Madison, on the Ohio River, but it was isolated and compara-
tively unimportant. But after the Bellefontaine had been ex-
tended to the lakes at Cleveland, the Great West Ijegan to wake
to the mighty possibilities of continental travel and commerce.

PAN HANDLE RAILnOAD— P., C. & ST. I..

That i>art of the system of railway called the Pan Handle
road which was first completed to Union City was the track
from Columbus to this point, which was put into operation about
1850. The next part was the road from Union City to Logans,
port. Both these divisions together amount to 107 miles. At
the present time, in these days of consolidation of '-ailways, it
belongs to the system of roads ovraed by the Pennsylvania Rail-
way. This immense corporation now controls about one-twelfth
of all the roads in the United States. The track from Pittsburgh
to St. Louis with connecting branches is entitled the P., C. & St.
L. (Pittsburgh, Chicago & St. Louis) Railroad, and the Colum-
bus & Logansport track is a pai-t of the P., C. & St. L. road,
being the second division of the C, C, C. & I. road, this sec-
ond division extending from Bradford to Chicago.

The passenger house at Union City was erected in ISOO or
1807. since which time its agents at this point have been David
H. Reeder. E, H. Judge, N. Hamlin and P. A. Taylor. Pix
passenger trains and ten freight trains run daily on its tracks.
The freight trains are often double or even treble, making prob
ably a number equal to twenty freight ti-ains per day, or, in all
twenty-six trains besides frequent excursion trains to different
points at various times. The amount of business done upon this
road, general and local, is thus seen to be immense — almost in-
credible. We have no data at hand for determining the gross in-
come of the road, either in the whole or at this point. The com-
pany has a telegraph office in its depot, the business of which, how-
ever, is confined to the affairs of the company itself. The employes
of the Pan Handle Road resident at Union City amount to a large
number, though jast how many it is not easy to tell. Though
doing a very large business, yet, strange to say, it has no sepai*-
ate freight house, its necessities in that respect being supplied
by a comparatively small room in one end of the passenger house.
The agent for some years past has been P. A. Taylor, and the
freight agent Mr. Etmire, who, though possessing some rather
striking peoularities, is, nevertheless, an energetic and valuable
public servant.

Note. — Some of the roads mentioned do not reach Union City.

RICHMOND k GRAND RAPIDS RAILROAD.

Alxrat lSCy-70, a railroad was built through Randolph County
north and south from Richmond into Michigan, via Winchester,
Portland, Decatur and Fort Wayne. It passes through Wash-
ington, White River and Franklin Townships. The points in
the county are Johnson's Station, Lynn, Rural, Winchester,
Stone Station and Ridgeville. Considerable business is done
upon the road, though by far less than upon the gi-eat east and
west throughfares.

As it is now, all the townships have railroads but Green,

452

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

West River. Nettle Creok. Stony Creek and Greensfork. The
raibfoad in proEcress through the'southern part of the couatywill
cross Nettle Creek, West River, Washington and Greensfork.
The projected road from Union City to Bluffton will cross
Jacksan, but Green and Stony Greek .se^tn to he doomed to be
without iron tracks across their surface.

DKION k BLUFFTON RAILllO.Ul.

About 1855, a railroad was projected from Union to Portland,
Jay County, and the track was mostly graded, but the road was
not completed. About 1800, the pro'ject was revived, new stock
was obtained, considerable work was done and it was thought the
route would be opened for travel in a few months. The matter
failed again, however, and it remains a failure to the present
day. About the same time, a route was projected connecting
Camden, Jay County, with Bluffton, Wells County, and after the
grade was nearly completed the work was suspended for lack of
funds, and the whole thing has lain in utafit quo. lo these many

The proposal is now made to build a road from Bluffton to
Union City, by way of Camden, Antioch, Boundary City and
New Pittsburgh, uniting the two grades above mentioned. This
road if built will be an excellent thing for the region traversed
thereby, and especially for the towns through which it will pass,
and will make an additional road for the thriving town at the

Aid to the amount of §1(.)0,0()() is asked from the region
through which it passes. AVayue and Jackson Townships, Ran-
dolph County, have voted their share; what the votes of the
townships concerned in Jay County will do is yet to be told.

Many years ago, another road also was chartered and much
work laid out upon its track extending southwostwardly, making
Cambridge City, Wayne County, a point in its route. Those
were the days of mighty endeavor and costly failure. So, after
getting to about the same point, the grading of the track, the
funds were oxhauste.d and the project stojiped. Every now and
then an attempt is made to revive the enterprise, but thuc, far
without success. There has been pBrha[)s more thought expend-
ed upon the northeastern extt-nsion of the route from Union
City through Darke and IVCercer Counties, Ohio, but still noth-
ing has come of the talking and thinking, and probably the fact
of the completion of the L. , E. A; W. road, via Recovery and
Portland to Muncio, will injui'c the jirospocts of the route at the
head of this article.

, BLOOMINOTO.N ,V WESTERN l!.\ILI!O.VIi.

A railroad is in process of construction through the southern
part of the county, making Lynn, Losantville and possibly other
places to be points in its route. Work is progressing ujion the
track, and the present prospect seems fair for its completion.

Still the history of a thousand and one railroad enterprises in
this land of ours forcibly reminds us that " Many a slip is
between cup and lip," and teaches the disheartening fact that
millions of expenditure lie useless and waste in half-built rail-
road tracks and routes cut through the w(jods; and that many a
poor unfortunate town site has found itself stranded high on
the barren shore of the land of failure.

If the two roads, the one from Bluffton to Union City and this
one through the southern townships should both prove to be ac-
complished facts, every township in the county except Green and
Stony Creek will be crossed by railroads, and furnished with
convenient and accessible points of communication with thegi-eut
outside world. Green also is not very far from several roads,
biit the prospect for a track over its soil or for a railroad town
upon its surface is at the present time not encouraging

[July, 1882— The road herein spoken of has its track laid,
and regular trains have commenced to make their runs. With its
eastern and western connections, the Indianapolis, Bloomington
& Western is expected to take its place at once among the great
ighfares between the mighty East and the maguiftcent

H.^Viggim, stave and heading factory. Union City, Ohio,

formerly Wiggim & Son, but the son, Amos Wiggim, died in
the fall of 1879. The factory is not now in operation, but it is i
expected to start again soon. When in full work the establish-
ment will employ twenty-five to thirty hands. The timber is pur-
chased principally from the region, brought in wagons Their
market is Dayton, Springfield, Xenia, Richmond, etc. The
manufacturing process is quite curious. The wood is taken in
large blocks and put into steam boxes, of which there are six,
holding each three cords. The timber is cut into staves by a
suitable machine and then the staves are piled in open sheds to
dry. The drying requires three months. Heading is cut by an-
other machine, which will turn out 10,000 pieces per day. The
stave machine will cut from eighteen to twenty thousand staves
per day.

Their machines are: For staves, equalizing saw and cutter .
and stave jointer; for heading, saw, planer and jointer and ;
heading rounder.

STOVE STOKES.

There are three of these establishments. The oldest is that
of J. M. Shank, which has been in existence for some twenty-
four years, having been begun in 1858. The next is that of
William Kerr, opened in 1807. and the last belongs to the Shu-
gars Brothers, who commenced their business in this line in the
fall of 1881. All three of these establishments are thriving and
prosperous, and the demand for goods and work of the sort fur-
nished and performed by their proprietors appears to be con-
stantly and largely on the increase.

TELEPHONE COMPANY.

The Citizens' Bell Telephone Company of Union Citv, Ind.,
was formed October 21, 1880. with a capital stock of §3,000, di-
vided into thirty shares of §100 each. Theofficersare: W. K. Smith,
President; William Harris, Vice President: George W. Wiggs,
Secretary; E. M. Tansoy, Auditor and Treasurer; Pierre Gray,
General JIanager. The above gentlemen with Charles W.
Pierce form the Board of Directors.

The company went into operation with forty-nine subscribers,
March 14, 1881, at S:3 per month for one year. July 12, 1881,
there were fifty-seven subscribers. The work of the company is in
satisfactory condition, the subscribers being highly pleased with
the convenience afforded by the telephone instrument.

See biography of J. H. Snooks, Union City. Ohio

The ostal5lishment is owned and operated by the Hook Brothers.
They originally set up their business in Cardington, Ohio, in
1800, and removed to Union City in 1877. At first the location
of their works was on the Indiana side, near the Smith Bros,
machine shop, in the west pai't of town. After two years the lo-
cation of the business was changed to the Ohio side. Their in-
vesiment in 1880 was about $10,000, and they employ twenty-
five to thirty hands, buying their lumber in bolts, and making
10,000 tubs and pails a year. They conduct also a branch es-
tablishment at Versailles, Darke Co., Ohio, at which they manu-
factui-o rough lumber into staves and heading. Th(^y ship their
tubs and pails extensively to Minnesota, Tennessee, Pennsylvania.
Iowa and elsewhere. The firm are intending soon to put in new
machinery and thus to double their capacity for production.
The business is prosperous, and promises well for the time to

FACTORY.

See biograjihy of S. L. Carter, Union City.

throughl
West.]

WAGON WORKS.

; In 187U, Mr. Hartzell set up wagon works, and is doing con-
siderable work in that branch of industry. He also carries on '
an extensive manufacturing at Greenville, Ohio, established in

I the winter of 1880-81. [See J. T. Hartzell, given elsewhere.]

! WATER WORKS.

j Some mention has already been made of the water works con-
! structod by the authorities of Union City, Ind. , at very great la-

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

bor and expense. We give at this time some further iaforma-
tion concerning them.

The well is tweuty-five feet wide and twenty-thi-ee feet deep.
The bottom of the well is at the gi-avel, the thickness of which
is fifteen feet. Below this is six or eight feet of hardpan; then
comes fifteen feet of c}iucksand,'belowthat three foet gravel, still
deeper about ten feet clay of a very fine quality, and below the
clay quicksand again. How deep the quicksand is has not been
determined. During 1881, eflforta were made to obtain a greater
supply of water. Two pipes have been inserted about eleven feet
' ^elow the surface of the upper gravel, and the Superintendent in
now (July, 1881), sinking a four inch pipe, having bored to the
lower quicksand mentioned above,

The capacity of the well at the present time is about one
hundi-ed and eighty thousand gallons in twenty-four hours, and
that amount has been taken a portion of the time during the
present summer. The range of the operation of the works has
been from 3,800 strokes of the pump to 9,400, at twenty gallons
per stroke. Since January 1, 18S2, to the afternoon of July 26,
1881. the number of strokes has been D17.423, averaging 2,500
strokes per day. The engine is self-regulating, standing at forty
pounds pressure, which can, however, be increased if needful to
eighty pounds. Nine thousand strokes a day are equal to 7.500
gallons an hour, or 125 gallons or about three barrels every min-
ute, making 4,500 barrels per day. It is evident that two things
must be done— the supply of water must be increased and the
wasteful use must be prevented. At onetime during the hot sea-
son in the month of July, 1881, if a tire had occurred a supply
of water could have been maintained not over fifteen minutes,
which is a state of affairs sufficiently alarming. The annual ex-
penses of the works are about as follows;

The income from rent for the use of water for 1880 was about
■':<2,700. The number of connections was about one hundred and
seventy. The Bee Line roundhouse used an immense quantity,
paying §975 a year, which seems perhaps a small sum for so
iarge a use as they make; yet the bargain is, nevertheless, not
an unprofitable one for the city, since they use chiefly surplas
water, i. e., after it has passed through the goner?rl system" of
pipes. In the fall and early winter of 1881, the water supply
was extended far north along Howard and far west along Pearl
street.

One would think that meters should be employed, so that each
may pay in ]n'oportion to the (jnantity used, ^vhich is now far
from being the case. The action of the steam i)rorks sustaining a
continual head of water sufficient to fill all the Jiipes of the city
is maintained without intermission. And in case of increased
demand, such as the occurrence of a tire, a heavier pressure is at
once produced by creating a greater head of steam. Thus far the
strength of the engine has been abundantly equal to every need.

Mr. Fisher, of the firm of Woolloy & Fisher, has erected a saw-
mill near the electric light and motor works, and has purchased
during the winter of 1880-81 a large quantity of hickory tim-
ber, amounting to many thousand feet, which the mill is now
working up into tongues, neck-yokes and similar things, ac-
cording to the nature and capacity of the material. ]\lr. Fisher
is already largely engaged in this branch of business, owning
one saw-mill at Xenia, Ind.. and renting two others in different
t>laces. He contemplates erecting a turning establishment to
lable liim to complete the working up of the material which

pasi

s thro

nill.

In 1879, Lambert Bros. , wood-workers, established a spoke
and hub factory in Union City. Ohio, and m-e doing a large bus-
iuess in that Hne. [See other account of Lambeit & Ron.]

BIOGRAPHIES.

We give below, biographical sketches of present or former
residents of Union City. Some have already been furnished
under the heads of attorneys, physicians, clergymen, church
members, the "press," military history, etc.

W. L. ALEXA.NDEK was born in Wajne County, InJ., in 1838. -His
father, William Alexander, came to Wayne County, tnd.. from Burke County,
N. C, in 1810, six years before Indiana became a. Slate. He was the fatlier

of seventeen children, twelve of whom lived to be grown and were married,
and sevenjare living now. He died in Wayne County July, 1856, aged eighty
years three months and twenty days. In early days he was a Democrat, and
a supporter of Jackson, but afterward became a Whig, voting for Gen. Harri-
son, and still later was a Free-Soiler. In religion, he was a Presbyterian of
the strictest sort. In business, he was a farmer in easy circumstances, a quiet,
peaceable, industrious, thriving, prosperous citizen. The son, William L.,
grew up on the farm, and at tlie age of twenty-three he enlisted in the military
volunteeraervice, joining the Twenty-eighth Indiana Regiment, Company C, in
September, 18(J1. Ho was chietiy on detached duty at headquarters, at Indi-
anapolis, remaining in the service about eighteen months. He had married a
wife before the war. His 6rst wife was Caroline Baker; married January,
185n. They had two children, and she died in 1864. He married again in
187.3, his second wife being Elcinda Keister. They have had three children.
His second wife died in the spring of 1881, and his children being all dead but
one, he was left thus well-nigh •' alone in the world." After the war and the
death of his first wife, he spent several years in traveling, being engaged in
business in various ways. After that he engaged in farming near Union City
till 1878, in which year he entered the graiu business with John Price, and
in 1881, in connection with Mr. Worth, purchased the establishment of C. \V.
Pierce, a dealer of high reputation and long standing in Union City. Mr.
Ale.\ander is a member of the United Brethren Church, and in political faith is
a Republican. In the winter of 1881-82, he took his third wife, in the person
of Mrs. Lucinda Wright, a widow lady of Union City, Ohio. He sold out his
grain establishment in the spring of 1882, but is still a resident of the town,
and has re-entered active business, this time as a livery keeper, having pur-
chased the interest of Uutterfield in the stable next north of the Worthington

EDMUND L. ANDERSON, dry goods merchant (son of Harrison Anderson),
was born in Greensfork Township in 1844. He married Lvdia P. Paxson June,
1865, and moved to Union City in 1873. He enlisted in the Seventh Indiana
Cavalry, July, 1863, and was discharged January, 1865. They have had four
cliildren. He was for three years a farmer, five years he sold goods at Spar-
tansburg, in the firm of Anderson & Hill, for three years, in the boot and shoe
business at Union City, under the firm of Paxson & Anderson, and has been four
years doing business alone in dry goods, clothing, hats and caps, boots and
shoes, carpets, etc. Mr. Anderson was for fourteen years a Deacon in the
Disciple Church, but some time ago, for reasons of his own, resigned the posi-
tion. He has been on active temperance worker, and was a zealous church mem-
ber. In 1879, he purchased Oak Grove, N. Howard, upon which he built an ele-
gant residence. There are now standing upon the premises about three hun_-
dred trees of varioiis kinds, from fifteen to twenty-five feet high, forming al-
ready a grateful shade, and promising in future a high degree of beauty and
comfort. Mr. Anderson is still a young man (thirty-six years), but he has
already achieved a flattering success, and may hope, throilgh the Divine
blessing, for many years of activity and usefulness. In the summer of
1880, he sold out his stock of goods, and spent some time in traveling
through Nebraska, Dakota, Texas, etc. In February, 1881, Mr. -inderson
purchase I of Mr. G. Fowler bis stock of groceries, and resumed business, this
time as a grocer. In March, 1882, Mr. Andet-son sold out his establishment to
Stephen Ladd, long a resident of Union City, and later removed his business
to Bloomingtoii, 111. He is at present spending time upon his farm in the
vicinity of .Sparlansburg, having built and furnished there a fine residence.

WILLIA.M ANDERSON, blacksmith, was born in New Jersey in 1827 ;
came to Randolph County in 1841 ; learned the blacksmith trade in Greenville,
Ohio, in 1845-48, and settled at Union City in 1852 (August), and carries on
the same shop still. He married Esther Ann House in 1861. They have had
seven children, all living. His establishment is the only one (so far as known),
that has stood during the whole life of the town (1852-82). He began his
shop in Augasl, 1852, some five months before the first rail was laid to the town,
and his faithful hammer has been going "rap rap" on the resounding anvil
ever since, and the familiar, cheerful sound greets us still. He does little work
now, his sons following the business in his stead. Mr. Anderson has ham-
mered out a comforiable competence, and is reckoned one among the substan-
tial citizens of the town,

WILLIAM H. ANDERSON, lumber dealer, was born near Bethel, Wayne
Co., Ind.; was brought up a farmer, and became a clerk at Richmond, Ind.;
after three years, coming to Union City. He began business as a grocer, with
W. H. Swain, continuing for several years, then becoming a dealer in dry
goods, still afterward being engaged in the Citizens' Bank, and now in the
lumber and hardware business (under the style of Witham, Anderson & Co.,
which see). Their business is quite large and increasingly successful. Mr.
Anderson has been for many years an active member of the Disciple Church of
Union City, as also his worthy and exemplary wife, and he is Trustee and Eldur
in that society. Mr. Anderson is an upright and public-spirited citizen, and
interested to promote the general welfare, ifn political connection, he is Repub-
lican. He enjoys a high and well deserved reputation for business talent and
integrity, and reliability in general. He has erected for his residence a tasteful
and commodious mansion on North Howard street, which for architectural
beauty and chaste elegance cannot easily be surpassed. Mr. Anderson pre-
sents another in,stance among the class so common in our county, and through-
out the entire land, of ayouth born and reared upon a farm, trained to indus-
try, economy and thrift.

CHARLES AVERV, late of Union City, came with his parents to Deerfield
in an early day. Hewasa youngman and hoarded with EdwardEdger. Hemar-
ried first a Miss Deem, and afterward her sister. He sold goods at Deerfield,
then at Winchester, and afierward at Union City. From Union City he re-
moved to Marion, Grant Co., Ind., and afterward to Lower California, where he
now resides, so far as known. Mr. Anderson was an active business man, being

of Pierce & Avery, carrying on a general produce b

ss, including bi

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ejgs and poultry. In Winoheator, Mr. Avery was eonueoleJ with Erriestus
Putman, formerly of that town.

AD0LPHU8 BARNES wfia bom in North Carolina in 1828, and came (o
Wayne County. Ind., in 1829; to Randolph County in 1830 and to Spnrtans-
burg in 1835. That town was then Very new. He resided there till 1878
(forty-three yeiira), and then moved to Union City, at which he now resides.
He married, in 1»44, Eliza .1. Bates, daughter of John Bates, near Tanipico,
Ohio. Mr. Bates was killed by the falling of a tree in his clearing a year or
two before his daughter's marriage, 'fhey have had seven children, six now
living. Two are at home and four are married— two in Union City, one at
Spar.ansburg and one at Winchester. Their names are Margaret (Custer Du-
bois), three children; John A. Barnes, olerk, Kirschbaum, two children; Eliza-
beth fCampbell), Spartansburg, three children; Mary M., {LeavelU, Winchester,
two children. Richard A. Leavoll was Clerk of the Circuit Court for Randolph
County one term. Mr. Barnes and his wife and some of his children are wor-
thy members of the Methodist Episcopal Churoh. He has been a hotel- keeper
and a merchant for twenty to twenty live years. In Union City, he has been
Clerk, Deputy Assessor, Delinquent Tax Collector, etc.

A. J. S. BOWERS, merchant, w,w born in 1841, in Philadelphia, of Ger-
man parents. At the age of seventeen, he went to Pontotoc, .Miss. (18-58), as
clerk for three years; returned to Philadelphia, and, in 18G2 (at twenty-one
years), he came lo Union City, selling up as a clothing dealer and merchant
tailor. The firm was at first Meyer & Bowers ; then A. J. S. Bowers (till
1880); now Bowers & Bro. Mr. Bowers was married, in 1870. U> Abigail
Lewisson, of Philadelphia, and they have three children. Mr. Bowers' firm
now conduct a general business — dry goods, clothing, hate, carpets, etc., etc.
They have perhaps the finest and most splendid business block in the city, and
claim they do a business second to none in the county. They have indeed a
wonderfully prosperous establishment. Over the entrance of the cashier's in-
closure is the motto, " No mortal can command success, but our purpose is to
deserve it," and they do. By activity', energy, unfailing courtesy, low and
uniform prices, a skillful adaptation in stock to the muliiplied and ever varying

course with a high degree of business shrewdness, Mr. Bowers has succeeded,
not alone in "deserving," but also in "commanding " a triumphant mer-
cantile success. For many years the firm occupied a building northeast cor-
ner Columbia and Pearl, but in 187() he erected his present superb business
block, corner Columbia and Oak, at which palatial quarters the firm receive
their delighted patrons. Employment is furnished by them to about thirty-five
hands, and their sales for 1870 were about $100,000, which amount they very
largely exceeded in 1882. Messrs. Bowers & Kirschbaum are both of them of
Jewish parentage and profession, but, by their honorable dealing, they have
established a high repuiation for integrity, and have done much to soficn down
and even to remove the prejudice which used so largely to prevail against that
worthy and useful pjriion of our citizens. The Jews arc, in fact, as a class,
active, thriving, energetic, economical anil, in many respects, especially valu-
able members of the body politic. And it is a pleasant spectiicle to witness the
dying.out of " race animosities," and the jtentle, harmonious blending of all
classeSjOf our people into one vast, grand, triumphant American patiou. Mr.
Bowers, on account of failing health, sold out to Coons Bro.s., of Philadelphia,
December, 1882, and is himself about to remove thilher. '

JOHN BUTCHER was born in Gallia County, Ohio, in 1840, being one of
seven children. His father moved to Jay County, Ind., in 18-51, and, after
living there about thirteen years, returned to Gallia County, Ohio, in lRij-4.
J. B. married, in 18-59, Susanna Constable, in Jackson Township, Randolph
County, on the Mississincwa Uiver. lie attended school in boyhodfl at 'txttz's
Schoolhouse, a loj; building ".all of the olden time," having the privileges also,
a rare one for those times, of a select school at North Salem, taught by Jonas
Chandler, an excellent teicher of that day. who emij(rated to Minnesota, and
was drowned by accident in that country. .Mr. Butcher came lo Randolph
County in 1865, spending one year .as a grocer. He moved, (hen to Midsouri,
leaching four years, keeping hotel one year and being a grocer four, years. Re-
turning to Union City in 1876, he became traveling salesman for ilommowun
& Meredith's tob.acco factory one year; kept grocery two years, and has befen
Ufa in.surance agent three years, being now general manager of the Pioneer
Mutual Ufe Insurance Aisoeiation, formed at Union Cilyin 1880. Mr. Butcher
has had three chddren, one of whom U deail, and one of whom is the wit'ai.tlf
George W. Palchel, of the Times. .Mr. Butcher has been for twenly-one years
a church member, joining at first the Christians (New Lights), and six years
agn the .Methodist Episcopal Churoh at Union City. He has been Steward for
three years. In politics, ho is a Republican. He belongs to A., l'\ vV A. M.,
both the blue lodge aad the chapter. Mr. Butcher is a gentleman of character
and st^indlng, respected by bis fellow-citizens, and a subslanlial member of the
community.

NATHAN CADWALLADER, IUnkkk.

Nathan Cadwallader, h inker, was born in Warren County, Ohio, in 1820.
His fither moved to Greensfork, Randolph Co., Ind., in I8:i.!. Ho was an active,
thriving man, hut he died in 1840. Nathan was the only boy, and but fourteen
years old. By the "turn of times" and the worihleisncss ot " sale notes"

the best. They had one old bay mare, and no way to get any more or to get
much else. He "gouged along" after a " fashion," borrowed ahorse some-
times, etc. He did most of the work that was done, though his sisters helped
what they could in loading, cleaning grain, etc. They cleaned grain by " flap-
ping" it on a sheet, and had to haul everylhing on a sled. A wagon was a
luxury not to be thought of. Two brothers, Thomas and Abnor (his father),
came together, and settled west of Arba. Uncle Thomas is living yet, eighty-
five years old, and his wife is over eighty. [He died a few months iigo.]

A. C. married Mary Thomas in about the year 182-5. She died in 18G8.
They had five children— Nathan. Vashli (Wilii.ims), Jnnet Gray llciizmnn
(widow), Sarepta (Chenoweth), Rachel (Bowen)— all living. N. C. attended

school at Winchester .Seminary, under Prof. Colo, twelve weeks. To show the
primitive simplicity of those times, it may not be amiss to state that when Prof.
Colo advised his aspiring country lads to invest in a box of blacking and a
brush and to try their qualities, Nathan obediently procured the arlioles, but
was utterly at a nOn plus, because he had no knowledge of the modus operandi,
never having seen an application of the stuff. He probably has learned how
by this time. He taught school four terms ; was clerk for Needham, Mauzy &
Co. ; bought out Mauzy and sold goods at Spartansburg ; bought out Needham
and sold at Newport three or four years; was partner with Raiford Wiggs
at Union City; went to Cincinnati, in the firm of Gray, Cadw.allader & Wiggs,
as wholesale grocers ; returned to Union City, and, with Col. I. P. Gray, estab-
lished the Citizens' Bank in 18(i5. This was re-organized (same name), under
Indiana law, in 1873, and he was made President. .Mr. C. was Stale Senator
in 1876 and in 1880. Ho has been twice married, first to Elizabeth Celinda
.Mauzy, then to Sarah Griffis (18-54). He has three children. His present
wife is a daughter of James GrifBs, so long proprietor of the Gnfiis farm,
on the Greenville Stale road. Mr. C, though poor when a boy, has,
through his well-directed efforts, aided by a succession of fortunate circuni-
slance.s, acquired a handsome fortune, and it will ever bo a consolation to
his filial heart that he had the unspeakable happiness lo minister to the
wants of his aged mother, and lo smooth by the ulmost kindness in his
power her pathway to the tomb. She was a gentle, affectionate, pious Quaker,
eminently religious and a beautiful and shining example of the loveliness of
Ihe Christian graces in their power over human life. It may be well to say that
in his religious feelings and opinions, .Mr. C. inclines to those of his revered
and sainted mother. She had been for many years an invalid, anil her husband,
kind, gentle, loving as he was during his life, would help his wife in every way
possible, as by doing out the washing while his horses were eating their din-
ner, etc. She lived to be aged, and di»d not very long ago, in the fullness of
years and ripe for the golden harvest of eternal life.

MRS. MARy E. CARTER, Bradford, is the daughter of Hon. Jeremiah
and Mrs. Cynthia Dye Smith, of Winchester, and the sister of William K. and
John Dye Smith, Esqs., prominent residents of Union City, Randolph Co.,
Ind. She was born at Winchester, Ind., in 184'2, and w:i3 educatefl in the
schools of that town, with perhaps a single term at Northwestern Christian
University, Indianapolis In about ISOi;, she was married to Frank B. Carter,
a member of the Carter family, so long famous in the history of ihat town.
They have had two (diildreu, only one of whom is now living. Their residence
was at Winchester till about 1874,'bI which lime a removal was made to Brad-
ford, Ohio, where die still resides. She has a comfortable estate, inherited
from her distinguished father, the proceeds of which affords her a compelent

ROBURT J. CLARK, baker, was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1837 ; came
.Springfield, Ohio, in 1847, He joined the Fifteenth Ohio Cavalry in 1861, at

was discharged in Ihe winter of 1864-li

leil more than three years
der Gen."'Lcw Wallace at Shiloh ; under
Gen. Kilpalrick at Corinth ; in Straight's raid toward Macoh, Ga.; under Gen.
McPherson at Resaca, being one of bis body gqi^d wli«n he<was killed ; went up
toKnoxville with Sherman after Longstrcet ; went back to Chattanooga after Ihe
capture of Atlanta, and was discharged some months afterward. He lived two
ySars in Xenia, OhiSo, and in 1867 came lo Union Cily. December, 1805, he
married Anna J. Hall, nndlhey have three children. He is a baker and con-
fectioner. When he came to Union Cily, he was worth just $00. He has built
up ft Ibriving, prosperous and succe.ssful business, employing now a capital of
$0,000, and five hands besides his own family. Mr. C. belongs to the Presby-
terian Church, is a Republican in politics, and enjoys fullj' the confidence of
his felluw-townsnien and of Ihe community.

REV. TIIO.MASCOLCLAZER was Iwrn in Washington City in 1811, and
cam,e lo Coshocton County, Ohio, in 1827. In 1838, he married Hannah John-
son, but Ihey had no children. From his early boyhood till he threw down his
haminer and took up the Gospel trumpet, he was a blnoksmilh. He was con-
verted lo Christ at, a. cifinp-ineeiing on Dowdy's Fork,, in the norlh part of
Coshocton Cuuiily, Ohio, in 18211, under the preaching of I he sainted Bigelow.
Shortly afterward, iii 18.10, he was licensed as ah exiiorler; in 1840, as a
preacher, and in 18.51' l'e'«S'»» '0 " ride circiiii," his first work of ihis kind
being at Deerfield and vicinitv in 1851 ajid 1852. It ifius ciinie lo pass thai he
was ihe earliest preacher ui.' Union Cily, when it fir.it began to he. His fields
of labor in later yi " " " '' " " "'

delphia (west of Gre
Union Cily. Comiuj
Monday morning at
last. Ilia worthy »

ii'field) and elsewhere. He died suddenly, in 1805, at

10 the house of Bro. S. L. Carter, ho w.is taken ill on

11 o'clock, .-md on Tuesday at C A. M. he breathed his
itill resides at Union Cily, Ohio, commanding Ihe

A. B. COOPER was born at Ripley, Jackso
mother dying when he was ni ' ~ '
At twenly years of age, he be
and continued one year. En
11, 1861, after a somewhat ui
Ihe Eleventh Pennsylvania
an independent cavalry rej

declined lo accept them unless tney wouiu son ineir nor
States, which they dcolineil to do. Sending them hn
the company, twenty-seven of their number joining will
ilar squads, forming a company, went on to Philadelphia lo join an inde-
pendent regiment, understood lo he in process of formation there. Having
reached that i-.ily, it was discovered Ihat ihis regiment could not be oi^ganized
unless Ihcy would go into the service as a Pennsylvania regiment, which was
finally done, and they became the Elevenlh Pennsylvania Cavalry. The first
eighteen months was a severe service in ihe Army of the James, which, how-
ever, we cannot now describe. In an expedition of fifteen days to South Anna

1 1840.

by son.e-

REb Or HON MA!H/iN GAOvVALL/iULR Uu oh ( n

.^

Re:s of eh. BOWEN, Wayne Tp. Randolph Co. Ind,

few- B^ 0mcL,

^^ J^K X

^^>|

.: — _ " '^^^'^t^-mri^M^^^

Residfnceof Capt WmO STONE West Oak St Union City Ind

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

Bridge, twelve miles east of Richmond, they picked tip the rebel Uen. Kit/.-
hiigh l,ec. who had been wounded, and was visitinR in that region on furlough.
In an engagement, thirty-five miles from Suffolk City, Va., on the Blackwaler,
they captured many rebels, as also the famous Rocket Battery, sent out from
Pittsburgh, Fenn., and captured previously by the confederates. The regiment
was actively engaged, and was in various battles and skirmishes in many places.
They were at the taking of Norfolk, the capture of Suffolk, the siege uf York-
town, the battle at the While House, on the Pamunkey River, and in front of
Petersburg and Richmond. The affair at South Anna Bridge was by the
Eleventh Pennsylvania alone. They burnt the bridge, captured 500 horses aad
mules, and so many stores that they had to be burned because there were
loo many for the re"giDient to take away with them. During the last eighteen
months, Mr. Cooper was on detnched duly at Newport News. Va., as clerk
in the Commissary Department. He witnessed the 6ght between the Monitor
and the Merrimac, as also the blowing up of the Congress and the sinking of
the Cumberland. There was nofight on land, but the Union forces were at the
time hemmed in by the rebels under JIcGiudcr. the Federal commander being
Gen. Mansfield. .After his discharge, September 1, 18G4, at City Point, Va.,
he remained a year in the same position. He then wont to Middleport, near
Poraeroy, Ohio ; attended the Pomeroy Academy for one year, and was em-
ployed as clerk in the store of the Pomeroy Coal & Salt Company during two
years. In 1869, he came to Union City, and look a position in Avery & Star-
buck's wholesale packinghouse, being foreman in that eslablishment for three
years. In 1874, he became assistant under Capt. Jackson in the post office at
Union City. In 1876, he was appointed Postmaster upon the resignation of
Capt. .lackson, and was re-appointed to the sameposilion in 1880 by ihe unani-
mous recommendation of the citizens of the town. Mr, Cooper married Rosa-
line E. Hoffman, in 1808, in Clermont County, Ohio, and thc.v have had three

M. E. Church in Union City, and a •' true-blue" Republican. Mr. C. is a gen-
tleman of good business habits, and possesses in a high degree, the esteem of

SAMUEL J. FISHER
3ung man residing at Union City, InJ., pos.se-^
and enjoying a rising reputati

talent

lurgh, Pcnn.,
fieorge H. Fisher and Louisa C. (CoUett)
ied about 18G5, and his father married again, his second
>s. Mr. G. H. Fisher has
'itli his parents at various
c, iiis father having been
lire life, being at present
W. W.a. S. J. Fisher was
three years of age, resid-
lill 1874; ho went thence to Dayton, afterward to Delaware, (^liio,
[gain to Union Cily, Ind., settling in the latter place March 21, 1878.
led school at Ironton, pursuing also a commercial course at East-
Ponghkeepsic, and at Nelson's Commercial College, Cincinnati. At
e was clerk in a drug store. He spent also one season as clerk .and

ports on the Mississippi

August i:
Fisher; his

wife being Miss Mary A. Abrams, who still surviv
been the fulher of six children. S. .7. F. resided ■
places, Pittsburgh, Penn., Ironton, Ohio, Daylon, e
engaged in the iron business during almost his et
Superintendent of Clifton Iron Works at Clifiou,
[■ikenby'- ' ' "- '"

of F. ;

!e children.

It of a dealer
, 1878, to Ell

Mr. Fisl

f Dayton. Ohio,

H. S. FOSTER was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1834; married
Maggie M. Crabbs in 1871, and has had three children. He attended Lebanon
Normal School, and hns been a teacher twenly-fuur years — five years at Day.
ton, Ohio, five years at Union Cily, Ind., besides several other places. His
wife died several years ago, and he is now (December, 1880) a widower. He
is an Episcopal Methodist, a Republican, a member of the i'. M. C. A., an
ardent supporter of I he temperance cause, and in nencral of every good and
useful woik. Two or three years ago, he left the'business of teaching aul
engaged in making and selling a patent ironing-board, of which business he
seems to be making a gratifying sucoes.s. Since the death of his wife, he has
resided with his mother-in-law, Mrs. Crabbs, who is a resident of Union City,
(ind an active and zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In the
fall of 1881, he was married to his second wife, Mi.ss Meek, daughter of Rev.
H. J. Meek, of Blufflon, Ind. They reside in Union City, though much of his
lime is spent abroad in connection with his business.

.lOIIN L. FRANK, born 1833, in Pennsylvania; D.irke County, Ohio,
18:!7; Piqua, Miami Co., Oliio, 184-.'. Enlisted in the Eleventh Ohio, three-
months' service, 1801 ; Ninety-fourth Ohio, three-years service; served in that
regiment two years, eleven luonihs. Married Nancy Stevenson, of Greenville,
Ohio, 18(i6 ; moved to Union City, Ind., 18C.il ; five children. He is a brick-
mason, and has worked on nearly all the brick edifices in Union City, among
others Branliam House, 18-55, Cranor'shai-dware store, Smith Bros.' Block, W. K.
Smith's residence, Pa.\son&Turpen's Block, Citizens' Bank, Anderson Building,
Horlzell dwelling. Pierce dwelling, Lutheran parsonage, Methodist Episcopal
(new) Church, Disciple Church. Bowers Block, Fletcher Block, Kuntz factory,
StJirbuck Block, Stewart Block, Esquire Jackson s dwelling, E. L. Anderson's
former dwelling. Col. Graj's and Hon. Cadwallader's residences, Masslich
Building, schoolhousea both sides Stale line, and many others. He has been
a member of Ihe City Council, and in 1880 purchased the flax factory.
Ho is a Republican and a substantial citizen. He still owns and operates the

material which would otherwise prove nearly worthless.

JEFFERSON GliiT was born in Kentucky in 1818. His father, Joseph
(list, came to Darke Counly, Ohio, in 18:i6. J. G. came lo Wayne Couniy,
Ind., in 1835, and setlled in Randolph County, east of Arha, in 183it. After
hammering away at that location for eighteen years, he tried Illinois for two
years, but returned to Bethel, Wayne County, near his former place of busi-

ness, establishing himself there in 18i;0. After ten years of steady work in
that quiet country village he concluded to try his fortunes in a somewhat
larger place, and selected Union City, coming hither in 1870; since which
the merry clatter of his hammer upon the ringing anvil htis until lately been
heard without cessation, '• week in, week out," as the days and the years roll
unceasingly by, like the flowing river's mighty current, rolling downward, ever
downward. Mr. G. learned his tride of Samuel Van Niiys, Esq., a blacksmith,
living north of Bethel, and has followed it from that day to this, more than
forty years. He has been thrice married, taking wives as follows : First wife,
1838, Abigail Stewart, one child, died in 18:;0: second wife, ISU, Mary Till-
Bon, three children, died in 18.50; third wife, Anna Polly, daughter of William
Polly, of Darke Counly, Ohio. Mr. Gist has been a member of the Disciple
Church for forty-two years. In politics he was in early life a Democrat, then
a Free-Soiler, then a Republican. He is a fine specimen of an honest, upright,
hard-working mechanic, an honor to Ihe rice and a blessing to Ihe land ! With-
in a year past, he has ceased work upon the anvil, which is well, since almost
half a century of ceaseless toil has given him a right lo rest.

GEORGE GHAHS. tailor, was born in the Kingdom of Hanover, Germany,
in 1830, being one of eight children. He emigrated lo New York City in 1851,
went to Chicago in the same year, to Cincinnati in 1852. and to Union City in
1856, residing here ever since. He married Anna Rosenbush in 1855, and
they have had five children, four living. Henry, one of his sons, is clerk in
the Commercial Bank of Union City, and the other is engaged with his father
in merchant tailoring. He learned the tailoring business in his native village
in Germany, and has followed it ever since. He set up with Mr. Thokey as a
merchant tailor, continuing eight years, then selling out to A. J. S. Bowers;
he worked at his trade for Bowers for fourteen years. In 1878, he began a

Mr. Grabs is an industrious and thrifty citizen. Six years ago (1876), he
erected a fine brick residence on West Division street, which he now occupies.
In politics, he h.as always been a Republican. In religion, he is a German
Lutheran. He was for eight years a member of the Town Council, has been
trustee of his church for more than twenty years, and was one of the building
oommitlce for the erection of the meeting-house and parsonage. He has
been a member of Ihe I. 0. 0. F. for thirty years, uniting with a German
branch of that order in Cincinnati in 18.52. Mr. Gr.ahs has won a substantial
reputation among his fellow-citizens by his unvarying uprightness and his un-
remitting industry, and stands lo day as one of the reliable members of the
community. One of his sons, Henry Grabs, was in Ihe spring of 1880 elected
Treasurer of Union City, and in May, 1882, was chosen again without opposi-
tion for a second term.

OLIVER C. GORDON, boot and shoe dealer, was born in 1845, in Henry
County, Ind., came lo Arba, Ind., in 1846 ; his mother died when he was three
months old, and his father when Oliver was eightyearsof age; he being brought
up by his maternal aunt. Mrs. Jordan Fulghum; he enlisied in Ihe Sixty-ninth
Indiana Volunteers, Company E, in 18f.3, and was discharged at the close ot

between Richmond and Union City one year, and book.seller in Union City five
year.s, in the firms successively of Gordon & Co. and Gordon & Hill, lie was
elected Treasurer of Randolph County in 1876, and re-elected in 1878. In
1880, he bought a share in a boot and shoe firm with Robert B. McKee at
Union l^ily, and a few months afterward Mr. McKee sold his interest in the
establishment to Ansel B. Thomas, so that the firm is now Gordon ,'(; Thomas.
Mr. Gordon married M.argaret Keever in 1866, and they have three children.
He is a Republican, wide-awake and reliable, active and successful in busi-
ness and of an estimable reputation. .Mr. Gordon is at present erecting a con-
venient and Uisteful dwelling on Plum street in Union City, and has come to
be reckoned among the prominent citizens of the town.

A. EISENHOUR, harne-s-inakcr. Mr. Eisenhour has been a substantial
citizen of this thriving town for some si.\teen or seventeen years, having been
engaged in the useful and honorable occupation of harness-making during all
that time. He was born and raised in Darke County, Ohio. He has been mar-
ried for many years, and his wife is living, but they have no children. Mr.
li^iseuhour is a quiet, industrious, enterprising gentleman, obeying carefully at
least that important rule, called by some the E eventh Commandment, "Mind
your own business." Year in year out Mr. E. is found at his post, furnishing
his goods to all who desire them. In August, i88'i, he was badly hurt by
handling a high-spirited and unruly horse, insomuch that his life was for a
time despaired of, but he is at this time (September, 1882,) in a fair >vay to re-
cover from the injury received by the accident.

.TOHN FISHEIl
was born in North Carolina in 1702, near the old "Guilford Battle Ground. ' He
left that Stale in 1816 on horseback, and rode alone (except two days' journey) all
the way to Lebanon, Ohio : and (after five o,- six days spent in visiting friends
there) to Wayne Counly. Ind., having been fifteen days on the road — a pretty
quick trip compared with the speed often made by families and groups coming
through on a "moving" expedition. He entered 100 acres in Ihe winter of
1816-17, worked about, put up a cnbin, was married to Jane Slarbuck Seplem.
ber 16, 1819, by Adam Boyd, the only Justice of Ihe Peace in Wayne County
at the time (so Mr. Fisher states). There were no Justices in New Garden
Township till 1822 or 1823. Edward Starbuck and Solomon Thomas were Ihe
first, and they were elected both at once. Mr. F. and his wife began to keep
"cabin" October 7, 1819; and they lived on that farm till January, 1866,
more than forty-six year.s. They have been married nearly sixty-one years !
[1880.] They came to Union City in 1866. Mr. F. is now in his eighty-
eighth year, and his wife in her seventy-seventh. They are sprightly
for their age, both living with their son-in-law, Capt. J. R. Jackson. John
Fisher was an orphan boy at six years old. His father died in Decem-
ber, and his mother in September, 1798. He was raised by an older
er had ten children, who all lived to be grown and

brother.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

hate families
County, N. (
County in 181

and Jan

Fish

e Starbuck (his wife) was born in 1803 in Guilford
e came with her father, Kdward SUrbuck, lo Wayne
e is one of eighteen children who were all liTinp; and
ouogcst waa twenty-three years old ! And now (1882),
'forty-fo. ■ - • •■

n child

; eight

e growi

iving yet. The eight grown were Daniel, born in 1821 in Champaign
* ounly. 111., 400 acres of land, three children; Joseph, born in 1823 in Cali-
fornia, and in 1850 died there; Edward, Vermillion County, 111., 210 acres,
seven children; Thebe (Baldwin, Bailey, Reed), Winchester, five children;
Robert S. [see his account elsewhere] ; Anna (Commons, Pierce), Union City,
one child; John, Champaign County, 111., eighty acres, one child; Lydia
( Jai^kson), Union City, two children. John Fisher died at the residence of his
eon in-law, Charles W. Pierce, in Union City, Ind., February 8, 1881, in his
eighty-ninth year. He bad enjoyed fine heallh for so old a man for years, snd
tliere seemed no apparent reason why he might not tarry among the living for
yciis to come. But it was not to be. In one of the fearfully slippery limes
during the winter of 1880-81, in undertaking to go up the steps at the door of
Mr. Pierce's dwelling, he slipped and fell and broke his thigh. He lingered
for some weeks, and died as already stated. Ilia work was done, and the hour
for which he had been long waiting came at last. He had lived a gentle,
quiet. Christian life, mostly after the manner of the Friends for almost a cent-
ury ; and the dear Lord gently led him into the •' upper fold '■ atlast. In
his youth he .joined the Methodists (1810), but afterword he united with the
Friends; and in the "separation" he went with the " Anti-Slavery wing,'
and remained such in sentiment till his death. He was a man of sterling,
Christian principle, and lived a steady, consistent life ; always standing (irmly
on the side of truth and right as he viewed them. At the time of his death he
was the oldest, citizen of the town, greatly respected and beloved. He had
voted at every Presidential election since Madison's second term, elected iu
1812, till 1880, making in all eighteen times fur the oirice'bf President of the
United States. Ue voted for Madison and Monroe and Ad.ams, against Jackson
andVanBuren; for Harrison and Taylor, against Polk, Pierce, Buchanan;
for Lincoln, Grant, Hayes and Garfield. The liic of such a man is, as it were,
a key to the history of the times. Though an orphan in his boyhood, and
without property in his early manhood, it came to pass that, through the bless-
ing of God upon industry, and frugolity through a long and useful life, he wai
enabled to attain a corapetenoe, and spent his latter years in the enjoyment of
abundance. All of his six surviving children were present to comfort his closing
hours, and to follow his remains lo their last earthly resting place in the Union
City Cemetery. The funeral exercises were held at the house of C. W. Pierce,
his son-in-law. They were conducted in an atTccling and impressive manner
by liev. H. J. Meek, pnstor of the M. E. Church, Union City, in the presence
of a large company of children and relatives and friends. Father Fisher was
one of a company of perhaps 100 old men who had voted at the election in
1840, when tien. Harrison was chosen President, who were seated on the plat-
form at the meeting held at the Tabcrmule (outside of it) at Union City, in the
campaign of 1880, and addressed by Gen. Benj.amin Harrison, grandson of
President Harrison, a prominent leader of the Republicans in Indiana, and at
the Senatorial election in the winter of 1880-«1, chosen Senator of the United
Slates for the .State of Indiana for six years ensuing. The meeting was large
and enthusiastio, consisting of 8,000 or 4,000 people, gathering in from miles
around in every direction, althoueh the speech had been intended simply for
Union City and the immediate vicinity. The names of some of the old gentle,
men assembled on the platform at that interesting meeting were John Fisher-
Robert Murphy, Simeon Branham, Samuel Arbaugh, Morrow, Harvey Julian,
Ezra Coddinglon, Thomas Devor, William Ilitf, Adolph Warren, John C. Taylor,
Lewia McFarland, J. J. Alexander, Joseph Alexander, James Alexander.
Thomas Clevinger, James. Marquis, John Wharry, William Thorn, Harrison
Anderson, E. Tucker, 4,tco'lj Siiell, William H. Swain, H. W. Uarwiu, John
Commons, John S. .Johnson, K. T. Wilkerson, S. M. Skinner, Robert Pogue,
Jesse Paxson (disabled), William Mncy, Uriah Ball, Jefferson Gist, David Fer-
guson, S. L. Carter, C. h. Carter, John Mitchell, John Kemble, William Parent,
M. S. Willis, James Warren, and a large number of others not now remem-
bered. This band of veterans assembled at Jbanham's Hotel, and, with Will-
iam Isenhart and John Hartinan as flag-bearers, escorted the orator of the
meeting. Gen. Ben Harrison, lo the platform, from which he delivered his
address lo a very large crowd, [See also Reminiscences of John Fisher and

GEORGE GREGORY was bora in Addison County, Vt., .March 28, 1826,
of Quaker parentage. His father died in 1830, and iu 1833 both his grand,
falhers with all their grandchildren, emigrated to Ohio. His mother settled
with liei- father's faiiiily in Wr.odstock, C'lampaign Co., Ohio, while the
Oregnry- i.rK lu lir:iv,:i, r. i ■,,.,,. v ill ls:;'i, vlie moved to North Lewisburg,
Ohio. I i ' - - (;.G.marriedMaryV. Winder

■■nd.s-u: . . : i,, , I ,l,il,l wasburn, nowthe wifeof

Kdwi,, \i r„„ ,1 ::, ;. .;. ,,:. :, :.M his wife died. In 1852, he

-tartcl \'. . ..-:,, .11- in n,l,vtri 1 "u., IV. Innu, reriding there till 1860, and
.iinny-- / v:-. ,' .mIi I", linf--. l,i WebMer County, Iowa, he sold dry goods,
and was also County Treasurer for two years (18o(J-6S). In February, 1S60.
I;" set out f.,r l"i! i.'>, Peak, and engaged in mining. In Jlarch, 18111, he went
to New Mexico, traveling over large I'ortions of that territory, inhabited by
Indians alone, and returning to Denver the last of June. On the 4th of July,
ISlil, the people at Denver refused even to hoist the .Stars and .Stripes, nnd
he left in disgnst, for he would not stty where the national flag was flouted in
disgrace. He had always been a Democrat, voting in 181)0 for Stephen

Douglas, but since that iime he has been a Republimn. He came loIo'w»{ and
in September, 18U1, enlisted as a private in the Tenth Iowa Regiment. In
about four months he was detailed into the Quartermaster's Department and
in January, 1862, was commissioned Second LicutcnanI in Company K, Tenth
Iowa Regiment. Their Colonel had been a General in the Hungarian Array.

Mr. G. was at the battles of New Madrid, Mo.. Tiptonville, luka and Corinth,
and was with Gen. Grant up to the fall of Vicksburg, at Port Gibson, Ray-
mond. .Jackson and Champion Hills. At the latter place he was seriou.sly hurt
by the concussion of a shell, froni-Ao effects of, which his hearing has ever
since been seriously impaired. He did no further duty, remaining with the
regiment till the fall of Vicksburg. He could see Gens. Grant and Pemberton
as they sat under the shade of a iree on the evening of the 3d of July, arrang-
ing for the surrender. No cannon roared, no musketry rattled, a strange
calm was upon the air that day after the constant roar of the previous forty
days. Being disabled for duty, he resigned his commission August 31, 1863,
and returned to his family in Ohio. In October he came to Union City, Ind.,
which has mostly been his residence to this lime. From 1865 to 1870, he was
salesman and clerk in Dukemineer & Maloy's hardware store. D. & M. sold
to Cadwallader & Bowen in 1870 ; in 1872, Cadwallader sold to B. F. Codding-
lon. Mr. 0. remaining with the firm till 1873. In October he removed to
Colorado, at the foot of the mountains. Returning in 1875, he took his old
place till the firm sold out in 1878. In March, 1878, he entered a hardware
store for Willmra & Anderson, and is there yet. His second wife died January
.30, 1881, He now resides with his son-in-law, Edwin M, Tansey, Cashier of
the Citizens' Bunk, and a most estimable and thoroughly reliable citizen and
friend, Mr, G, is a substantial and worthy citizen, though not much inclined
lo public life, having been County Treasurer in Iowa, as stated above, as also
Councilman of Union City two years, from lS6o to 18il7. He is faithful in
business, exemplary in his morals and a reliable member of the community.

CHARLES S. HARDV, druggist, born December 20, 1848, at Lebanon,
Warren County, Ind. ; educated in common and private schools ; was book-
keeper in Cinncinati two years, came to Union City winter 1866-67, has been
in the drug business, mostly alone, and his establishment is the oldest of that
sort in town. He married, in 1872, Miss Eugenia Posey, of Richmond, Ind,
They have two children, , Miss Posey, before her marriage, had been foryears
a successful teacher in the public schools of Richmond, Union City, etc, Mr.
Hardy was School Trustee one term, and, since 1877, has been Vice President
of the Commercial Bank. lie is a worthy and valuable citizen, and well de-
serves the reputation and success ho has attained.

M. -A.. HARLAN is a gentleman of good standing and high promise. He
was boru in 1850 at HoUandsburg, Darke County, Ohio, being one of seven
children, five of whom arc living. Mr. H, was brought up, as the great ma-
.jorily of our active business men have been, on a farm. His education was
obtained at the common schools, at Whitewater .\cademy (Hillsboro, Ind.), and
by one term at Holbrook's Normal School, Lebanon, Ohio. He began active life
as a teacher at the age of seventeen. Besides other places he was employed six
years in the public schools of Union City, Ohio ; and has been for the past
three years in those of Union City, Ind.' He has been teaching music for
twelve years, completing his musical education at the Central Conservatory of
Music, at Columbus, Ind., in 1880. His present positions are Teacher in Pre-
paratory High School and Superintendent of Musical Instruction in the public
schools of Union City, Ind. Mr. H. has belonged to the Christian (New Lights)
denomination, and in politics is a Republican. He also is a member of the
Knights of Pythias. In 1872, he came to Union City, Ind., and has been a
resident there ever since. He was married in 1869 to Amanda Peden, of Darke
County, Ohio, anil they have had one child, and he is living. Mr. H. enjoys a
rising reputation in his profession, being active, enterprising and relioblo,
sociable and genial withal, beloved alike by pupils and patrons, and esteemed
by the community at large. December, 1882, his worthy companion and him-
self united with tlie M. E. Church, Union City, Ifid.

WILLIAM HARRIS is one of the solid men of Union City, a man of ster-
ling enterprise, who takes pride in his business, and is an honor to the city in
which he resides. He was born in Ovid, Seneca Co., N. Y., in August, 1845,
being the son of William Harris, a carriagc-nmker of that county, who died
before his son William was born. William resided at Ovid till twenty years
old, and in 1865 moved to Findlay, Hancock Co., Ohio. After clerking there
for six mouths, he found his w,ay lo Union City, Ind. During three years he
was in the employ of W. .S, Osborn, egg and butteV packer, having an " inter-
est" in the establishment during the last year. In 1868, he entered the firm of
Turpen ^'i Harris, of which he has been a member ever since. In 18B8, he
married Anna E., daughter of Enos H, Turpen, and they have had six children,
five of them living, all daughters. In political sentiment, he is a Democrat.
He has been a member of the Board of Control of Union City, for four years,
and Treasurer of the School Board for two years. Mr. H. is a man of enlight-
ened bminess views and energetic temperament, having done much to advance
theinterestsof the city, and is highly respected by his fellow-citizens. His
career in the egg, butler and poultry business is a striking example of what
maybe done, even in a small interior town, by intelligent skill and faithful de-
votion to business. 'We give elsewhere a detailed account of the establishment
of which he is the chief manager, Mr. Harris, from being a poor man without
means or the apparent prospect thereof, has become, in the course of twelve or
thirteen yeiirs, and solely by his active, enlightened and judicious enterprise,
one of the .solid men of the city. In the fall of 1880. he purchased the beauti-
ful and commodious mansion erected and owned by Dr. Joel N. Converse, one
of the pioneers and so long one of the chief men of Union City, at a cost, it is
understood, of $15,000, He is still in the prime of life and health, and of
business .activity, and it is to be hoped that he may long be spared to his
friends and to the community, that his activity may continue to be in the
fnture, aa it has already been in the past, a fountain of material good nnd
financial blefsing to himself and to the country,

E, ,T, HARSH MAN, Union City, Ohio, is a native of Randolph County,
Ind,; he was born in Jackson Township, in 1842, the son of Reuben Harsh-
man, an early settler, and one of nine children. He grew up a farme'r's son,
attending only the schools of the neighborhood. In 1862, he joined the Fifty-
fourth Indiana Regiment at Indi.anapolis, and after the end of his term of serv-
ioe he was mustered out, December, 1863. After spending some time at

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

Dayton, Chicago and at his father's home, he entered the saddler

Eisenhour & Co., at Union CSty, and acquired that trade. Afier s<

spent otherwise, he opened a shop for himsnlf in 1871,

employed. He married Sally French, in 1871, and they ha

dren, all living. In politics, he is a Democrat. Mr. H. i^ ...uu!M.iv>.o a...^

thriving, a quiet member of society, diligent in his business, and confided ii

had thre

by

SIMON HEDRICK, grain dealer, bom in Fairfield County, Ohio, 1836 ;
taKen to Meroer County, Ohio, in 1839; married Amy Vail, 1800; has had five
children, and has resided in Union City,.Ind., for many yeiirs: his edcicilion
was gained at the common schools, at,^ber College, and at Lebanon Normal
School, Lebanon, Ohio; he taught school several years; he has also been an
agent, carpenter, lumber dealer, waa for threp years a grain dealer, and has
since been handling lumber. Mr. Hedrick has been a church member twenty-
five years, and also for six years an Elder in the Presbyterian Church, Union
City ; he helped to organize the first Presbyterian Sunday school there, and
was for ten years its Superintendent; he was Chorister also for several years.
He is an ardent Republican, an efiicient worker for temperance, an active
member of the Y. M. C. A., and a strong helper in every good cause. Mr. H.
in his early life was a teacher, engaging in that employment for many years in
Mercer and Darke Counties, Ohio, and in Randolph County, lad., spending
several of those years in the schools of Union City, Ohio, and Indiana ; his health
proving unequal to the labor of continued teaching, he resumed his trade as a
carpenter, taking up after a time the lumber-buying business. At length he
entered the grain trade, as a partner with William A. Wiley, of Uni.ra City, for
two years. At the expiration of the period, he commenced with Mr. Fowler,
in the came occupation, but the building changing hands, having been purchased
by R. Kirsohbaum, Mr. Hedrick quit the grain trade. For some months he
has been working insurance and other matters of agency, as also, more espe-
cially in the purchase and sale of lumber throughout the region. Mr. Hfilrick
and his estimable lady are e.Kcellent members of society, and they have a most
lovely and interesting group of children, the eldest of whom. Miss Aurie Hed-
rick, was a graduate from the Union City High School, belonging to the class
of 1880, since which time she has occupied a position as teacher in the public
schools of the city.

ABRAM HOKE was born in Paradise, Penn., in 1818; came to Richland
County, Ohio, in 1828, and removed to Union City, Ind., in 1853 ; he was mar-
ried to Sarah Sennett in 1840; they have had six children, all living; he was
for six years a hatter; in 1844, he became a carpenter, and has worked in that
employment till lately; he has now taken up bee-raising; he is a Republican
and a Methodist, though troubles in the church have caused him to withdraw
from membership; his children are: John W., carpenter, married, two chil-
dren. Union City; Jane A. (Humphries), four children; Martin T., carpenter,
unmarried, resides at home: Samuel B., carpenter, married, three children,
Iowa; Helen, single, tailoress, lives at home; Alice, young, reside? at home.
They seem to be a sensible, active, well-trained family, worthy, industrious
and prosperous. Mr. Hoke was, in the spring of 1882, appointed by the Com-
mon Council of Union City, Ind., as Street Commissioner, and he has been for
some months actively employed in the duties pertaining to that office.

SETH HOKE, jewelev, born in Pennsylvania, 1823; came to the West,
1838, to Jackson Township, Randolph Co., Ind., 1845, and to Union (Utv, in
1852 (April): he was a carpenter till 1865, and since then has been selling
jewelry; his son, Edward, was the first child (now living) born in Union City,
November 17, 1852. Henry Debolt's child was born sooner, but that child is
dead. S. H. was for nine months a soldier in the Thirty-eighth Indiana
Volunteer Infantry— fall of 1864 to spring of 1865; he married Elizabeth
Johnson, 1846. They have had nine children, seven living. Mr. HoUo is a
steady, industrious, thriving citizen, and commands the respect ot the com-
munity; he is one of the "pioneers," who came here in April, 1852, when the
.•jettlers were very few, and scarcely a house had been built in the towu.

HOOK BROTHERS. Charles S. Hook was born in Montreal, Cuiada,
1846. William J. Hook was born as above in 1844. Both of them are of
English descent. Williira married M J. St. John, and has three children.
(Charles married Ella H. Maxwell, and has three children. They are partncri
in the tub and pail factory business, an account of which m.iy be found else-
where. They are intelligent and enterprising gentlemen, and are achieving,
as they deserve, a thorough and permanent success. They are both active and
enthusiastic Republicans. Charles and his wife belong to the Presbyterian
Church of Union City, of which he has been chosen Deacon; he has been for
some years a member of the City School Board, and he .seems to be a carefnl,
prudent and faithful official. Though the Hook Brothers are comparatively
young, they have business capacity adequate to conduct au extensive and profit-
able concern, which we may fairly hope their UnionCily Tub and Pail Factory

are in Ohio, they are both residents of Union City, Ind., having recently pur-
cluised fine dwellings on North Howard street, that street and that ptirt of it
being one of the most desirable in the entire city. Their father, aged but
active, and a native of England, makes his home in his declining years with
his son Charles.

JOSEPH R. JACKSON, born at Spnrlansburg, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1810,
His parents were early settlers of the region and of that class so largely repre-
sented in the Old Burnt District, "North Carolina emigrants," coining from
ihoir youthful homes afar to get free from the curse and blight of slavery.
His father died in 1850 at Spartansburg, of consumption. Since that time,
foseph has had to " paddle his own canoe ;" until seventeen years old he
worked on a farm, attending school winters; then twght school, goiu^r to Leba-
non Normal School summers; while there the war broke out, and he enlisted in
ihe Eighth Indiana, three months, and served in Virginia; taught school the
next winter, and enlisted again in the Si.xty-ninth Indiana Volunteer In-
fantry, being commissioned as First Lieutenant Company F. He was pro-
moted Captain after the battle of "Chickasaw Bayou" for recapturing a sec-

tion of artillery from the rebels, and was in all the initial engagements of the
siegeof Vicksburg, after which he served on 8ta,ff duty eras a mounted scout in
Texas, Louisiana, his experience in that line being wonderful and varied.
Since the war, Ci.pt, Jackson has resided in Union City, serving eight years as
Postmaster under President Grant. Since that time he has been engaged as
loan agent. Capt. Jackson was married to Miss Fisher, daughter of
John and Jane Fisher. They havs had two children. CapUiin Jackson is a
man of fine qualities and of sterling principle as well, and deeply interested in
all good and useful proieota, and is highly and deservedly esteemed by his fe'-
low-citizens. He is an active and enthusiastic Republican; he was a faithful and
energetic public officer, and so far as his health will permit, is an active and en.
terprising man of affairs. His health has been for years very precarious
though less so now than formerly. He spent much lime at the C eveland Water
Cure, and by great care and prudence he has been able for some, years past to
attend to business.

ALLEN J.\QUA & CO., hardware. Mr. Jaqua came to Union City some thir-
teen or fourteen years ago, as an attorney ot law. Before long he entered the
lumber business with Peter Kuntz, after that he engaged in hardware with the
same firm. In 1880, a fine brick store was erected by the firm and their hard-
ware store is now carried on by Mr. Jaqua in that new, commodious edifice.
Mr. Jaqua formerly resided at Portland, and married his wife in Jay County; she
being a Miss Lewis, a member of a prominet faodjy in that region. Mr. J.aqua
was in youth and early manhood a radical Ab6lTtiooi8t,[and a participantin the
gallant struggles for freeiloni in Kansas in the heroic days of that youthful
member of the sisteriood of States,««ita, later, an active Republican; but since
that time, perhaps in the Greeley campaign of 1872, he left the Republican
ranks; and, during the latter years, he has been a prominent partisan of the
Democratic faith. Mr. Jaqua has been a member of the Town Board of Trust-
ees, Clerk of the Board, a member of the School Board, etc., showing that,
even in the strongly Republican town of Union City, he has been honored by
the generous confidence of his fellow-citizens.

THO.MAS JONES is one of the active men of Union City, and belongs to
the class so numerous in that thriving town whose indomitable energy and
enlightened and persevering industry have turned that place, so lately a waste
and desolate wilderness, into a thronged and crowded mart of business and
commerce. In fact, the entire history of that wide-awake little city illustrates
for the thousandth time the truth universally declared, and yet greatly over-
looked and sometimes well-nigh forgotten, that capil.al, labor and skill, com-
bined with economy, integrity and honor, lay the sure and solid foundations of
lasting individual prosperity and success, as well as of wide spread and per.
manent public advantage, comfort and well being. Especially is the fact illus-
trated and the truth enforced that properly regulated credit, i. e., the labor
and skill of one man, combined with the surplus capital of another, in other
words, the labor of men with a lack of capital of their own joined to the capital
of men who prefer not to labor, or, to slate the doctrine in still a different way,
the employment by the younger class who have energy and character, but who
lack meaus, of the surplus capital possessed by their older fellow-citizens, pro-
duces results, great, beneficent, far-reaching; accomplishes benefits for the whole
human race, .and for every individu.al thereof, otherwise uttcrty and forever ini-
posiiblc. Thomas Jones was born in Miuni County, Ohio, in 1841. When four
years old, in 1810, he went with his parents to Delaware County, Ind., locating
on the Mississinewa, twelve miles north of Muncie, a region, even at that
late day, wilil and vacant and covered wih the vast unbroken woods. He be-
longed to one of those pioneer families, almost a host in itself, numbering four-
teen children. In youth, he attended school a little, in the tra(H.(J<mal log-
t*bin schoolhouse, with capacious fire-place, having no jambs but only back
wall and a huge month above, with immense back logs lugged in by four and
five of the largest scholars, and fire enough to roast an ox alive. In all he
went to school perhaps six months, to Martin R»asoner a few days, to Mr.
Butcher six weeks, and to a lady in the summer pefhapg one month, and all
the lime in the spelling book. Next he went to a Mr.-> Wharton, n superior
teacher, who took supreme delight in seeing his pupils learn. To him he went
three full months, and beginning in the First Reader, went rapidly onward,
gaining the Third Reader, reaching also the practice of writing and the study
of arithmetic, aooomplishiug a partial knowledge of the "Simple Rules."
Once more young Thomas attended school, this last lime, when about fifteen
years old, for two or three weeks to one John Lee, boldly atlempting through
that whole period the mysteries of the Fourth Reader, as also holding fast to
writing and arithmetic. Thus fitfully and by spells did he attain to such a
height of knowledge, and such was the foundation laid in his case for the in.
telligence needful in the pursuits of an active business life. Mr. Jones grew
up in that neighborhood and began adult life as a farmer, marrying Kale
Negley (sister of Hon. Charles Negley ) in 1864. In 1866, he moved to Darke
County, Ohio, locating within two miles of Union Cily. In 1868, he moved to
the town, and took up carpentering and cabinet makinn; after two years thus
spent, he became for three years foreman in Peter Ivunlz's lumber yard. Tn
1876, he set up a hardwood lumberyard on the Ohio side himself. After a
year alone, he took Simon Hedrick as a partner for two years, and, about
.Tanuary, 1880, he became a member of the firm of Jones, Bonner & Ebert,
which for two and a h.ilf years past [June. 1882] has been carrying on a large
and prosperous business in their line. Mr. Jones is a member of the City
Council (18.80-82), and belongs to the I. 0. 0. F., and to the Union City
Hose Company. He is in politics a Republican, and in religious connection a
Disciple, having been a member for eleven years, and a Trustee of the congrega-
tion for five years. Though married for seventeen years, tliey have no chil-

dear beloved ones. A brother of Mrs. Negley, dying with consumption at their
own house, left to their affectionate care three children, the mother also having
gone to the better lanrl; and to guard and guide these objects of their love thus
providentially left to their watch-care, has been for years the delight of their
hearts. These children— Laura, seventeen years; Josephine, fourteen years.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Charles, thirteen years— slill survive, to reply with the fullness of fi'.ial af- |

on the wciillh of love which has for years been lavished upon (hem. j

I'ATlilCK 0. KUNNUDY, grocer, was born in 183'.), in County Kerry, j
mil : came to America in 18Jt. went to Sidney, and then to Pi.iua, Ohio,

to rriion<"ily, InJ., in 1838. He was married to Catharine . I. VVeize, in I

lie had been, when a lad in Ireland, a clerk in a wholesale and retail j

n Pinua. and at Union City hi
li.s death, in 1875. He w;

up a grocery 8t
n religion, a f

le carried on till

(' S, Kf.nneiiv (brother of the foregoine) was born i
land, in 1841. He was a clerk two years in Irel.and, iin(
Iml., in 18H7, and served aa clerk for his brother till 1
1R7.\ In IH7C, he set up in business for himself. He ma
in 1878. He is a Democrat and a Catholic.

WILLIAM KERIl, hardware, etc. .Mr. Kerr began in the stove and tin
business in about 180!) in Union City. By diligence and thrift, heincl-e.i.sedhis
trade, and in a few years he added gener.il hardware, and now he carries on
perhaps the leading house in the city in his oepartmenl. His father and sev-
eral brothers are employed with him, and together they make » strong and
energetic company of artizans. Mr. Kerr is one of the many leading fcitizens
of Union City, who have benun with little and worked themselves into prom-
inence and distinction, and liavo laid the foundations of prosperity and buaine.'fs
success. Mr. Kerr and his fati\er and brothers are Deinocral-s in politics, and
altogether active, worthy and reliable citizen,s, .adding subsf.anlially td the en-
terprise of the city where they reside. The elder Kerr and '■'- -""■■ "'i'"""'
and Michael, were all three soldiers in the Uni

tliree years in the regular service upon the Western pjains. au inrei:
the same battery — Nineteenth Indiana— and Michael in the Twenty-
U. S. Infantry Regiment.

R. KIRSCHBAUM, merchant, born h Bi
to America in 18.58. After attending school a snort time, ne came to union
City ; remaining a little while with his brother, he soon set up a store at Port-
land, Jay Co., hid., with bis brother, October, 18.j8. Alterward he look the
business alone, and has continued it (in another firm) ever since. He removed
to Union t.'ity in I8(i.5, setting up in dry goods, etc., and he liaa been engaged

irgarel Stack

■my, and Michael spent
ains. Al- ■

II, Germany,

childre

Besides

llei

led V

a Kah

immense " IJeehi'

nf Indianapolis, and

City, 0

c, selling great i[

large three-story brick, with a partial ,i^
crammed with goods of all sorts— dry ;;..■. i. 1 i .ni.- 'i ic<, r .i ;. ; -,
The huii'liug (as well as the goods) bclon-s !o .Mr. K., and his liusin
prises selling dry goods, etc., tailoring, wool buying, etc., both wlioU
retail. In his employ may be found about twenty-five persons, clerks
seamstresses. By buying very largely for cish in the great cities, M
sell at low prices, and yet thrive at the business. Twenty-two yean

corner nf Pearl and Columbia, is filled with piles of goods of every in
variety ; growing ever beautifully and rapidly less, yet ever r
ing, garments ami goods disappearing as by magic every 1
shelves and lounters, nevertheless remaining constantly full. The
thown, and the immense amount of sales day by day, clearly sh
energy, prudence and tradiug skill can achieve. Mr. Kirsohbaun
in the jiritue of manhood, not yet torty years old. Ho :
have btoa born a merchant, as his activity aa a store-keeper I

.«ing :

1 Mi eighteenth yeur, 1
mager of an importivnt i

!rof 1 88 J-Rl, purchased

:.NAPP,

•, Ohio,

d, Ohio, from 18.S8, till IS.'iS; Recovery, Ohio,
inipany K, Seventeenth Ohio Volunteers in 18G1
rge, he formed a new company, and w.as made their
•111 t)liio. Afier two and a half ycar.s of service, a

After

Bid, 0

goods, vases, etc. This trade was a new thing here, and a demand for them
had to be created. The first year he had hard work to sell forty pieces of flues.
He bought fifty, and had ten left over, from February, 1880 (to April), he
sold nine carloads, 1,200 feet each. He sold in 187!t forty-three carloads
sewer pipe, ami seventeen car-loads from February to April, 1880. The first
two years, he sold only three pair of voses, and that by the severest begging.
From February to April, 1880, he disposed of 400 vases of various sizes.
These facts show the incredible increase of this trade. Capt. K. has agents in
120 towns. At Muncie alone there are sold $1.50 worth per month of the vari-
ous articles of this business. The works are at Calumet, Ohio, Jefferson County.
These article are wonderfully neat and tasteful, and highly ornamental. They
are strong and durable, impervious to water and imperishable by fire, easily
and cheaply put up, and they would seem to be, by all means, preferable.
Since this account was written, the busine.ss referred to has increased still
more largely, but the present statistics we have not room to state.

JOHX Kt)O.VS, furniture dealer, born in 182!) in Germaoy. near Bingen,
"fair Bingen on the Rhine;" came to Americiin 1842; he spent his time on
a farm till 1848; then worked as a carpenter, working at Dayton, Cincinnati.
New Orleiins, etc. He settled in Union City June, 18.52, when everything was
" in the woods," working as a carpenter till 1850, and in that year began a
cabinet shop. In 1804, he married Mary Caron, of Greenville, Ohio. They
have had seven children. He is a Catholic and a Democrat, and is noted for
his quiet and sturdy independence of thought and action. He is highly re-
spected by his fellow-citizens as being enterprising and successful in his busi-
pess, and upriglit in his dealings. He has been engaged in handling furniture
for nearly twenty-five years, and now carries it on extensively, both wholesale
and retail, in all its branches. He owns a factory run by steam power ; is also
ah " nndertiiker," ami deals c.vtehsivBly in lumber. He is supposed to have
acquired a substtntial forluhe, ovtrning, besides his factory, furniture shop and
other town pro]ierty, .several fine farms in the region.

J'CTER KUNTZ, lumberman (brother of John Koons above). Mr.
Koons was born in Hesae-lidrmstadI, Europe, in the year 183!); ho came
to Darke County, Ohio, in 1842, and to Union City in 1807. He married
.Mary Iligi in 1879. From 1859 to 1860, he was a wood-cbopper, and thus

Union Citvin 1807; 1807-73, Kuntz & Willsoii, and Peter KuntV. alone, 187.?-
82. The first year, the firm sold $45,000 worth, the last year of Kuntr. &
Willson, $100,OOt). and 187;», $;85,00l». He has a sa»-mill, planing-miU, sash
and door factory, etc. The establishment has about forty diftereut lUiiohines
for working in wood. He receives and handles lumber from Michigan, Wis-
consin, Minuesotft, Georgia, Alabama, Florida and Canada. His business is
very largely wholesale, more than 70 per cent of the lumber not coming to'
Union City at all ; he bought in 187!) about two thousand eight hundred car-
loads ; he employs in his business hero fifty to sixty hands. He is a Catholic
and a Democrat. He gave $5,000 .as a fund to support a Catholic free school
in Union City, .and has offered a like sum to Greenville, Ohio, on condition
that the Catholics there prepare therefor by building a house, etc., which,
however, has not yet been done. Mr. Kuntz, by his prompt and energetic
management, has buiU up an immense business. Though somewhat brusque

drawn to his est.abliahment a host of customers, and that host grows ever
larger year by year. During the winter of 1880-81, Mr. Kuntz bought an
immense quantity of logs of all kinds, payin? generous prices, euriching the
happy farmers, buying even elm, supposed until lately to be the most worth-
less of all trees. One man said that he made $1.50 a day in hauling elm to
market, besides getting the stuff out of his way. The same man sold to .Mr.
Kuntz the logs from four ash trees, all standing on a single acre of ground, re-
ceiving forllie same $78!

Sl'EPHEN H. LADl), grocer, was born in Meredith, N. H., in 1827, his
parents being Stephen Ladd and Sarah Adams; his father was born in Sand-
wich, N. H., in I7!ir,. and died in Lawrence, Mass., in 1882, eighty-si.x years
old; his mother died at the same place iu 1878, eighty-two years old, both be-
ing then nearly of the same age. They were the parents of eight children,
four sons and four daughters, all of whom became grown ; seven of them
were married and five are still living; three reside in Massachusetts or New
Hampshire and two arc in Union City. Stephen Ladd, the elder, was .a
f.irmcr, a Democrat and a Uuiversalist, and his wife was an old-fashioned Bap
list. Stephen tl. Ladd left home at eleven years old as a peanut boy on the
railroad, and he has been engaged upon railroads ever since until about three
yivirs ago as br.ikemin, conductor, foreman and engineer, having been engi-
neer more than thirty years, the last ten years of which were spent in Union
City as foreman of the locomotive department .at Union City. The roads with
which he h:is been connected have been the Boston & Maine, the Pennsylvania
Central, the Ohio & Indiana (Crestline !i Ft, Wayne) ond the Cleveland, Co-
lumbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis (C, C, C. & I.) Kailways. Mr. Ladd quit
railroading in April, 1830, and in the spring of 1882 he began business as a
grocer at Union City, Ind., iu which he ia now engaged. Mr. Ladd was mar-
ried, in .luly, 1857, to Miss Sarah F. Hoover, of f^restline, Ohio, and they have

IdaG., Venia P., Uosa W., Hatiie May (dead), Henry L., Maude D., Walter
C. He is a strong temperance man and an enthusiastic Republican. Mr.
Ladd lias been hut iiltle connected with official station, his only engagement of

Mf. 7,1 II is a genilcmaii possessing greit energy of character, and has been

: i' 111 iiljiaining a competence, owning a fine residence upon West Pearl

I.I 111 I iiion City. One of his children is married, and one of them has

I - iiii- years a member of the choir in the Methodist Episcopal Church

1875 as agent for fire clay flue

ni County, Ohio

)orn in Pennsylvania in 1825. In 1850, he emigrated
in 1852, to Clark County. Ohio; in 185(1, to Champaign
I- «««- Tr„;«„ /->:*« nu:^. ««,i :« iat? *.. ♦!.« ,.;i..

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

t froi

1877 t.

itself (Ohio side). He Ims been a farmer all his

present time, which hitter years have been spent as a gram-uuyer. iie i» a
member of the United Brethren Church; and voted for James A Garfield for
President. He has had ten children, nine of them now living. He and his
sons are engaged in business of several kinds. For several years, he and one
son have been operating as dealers in grain. In 1880, the firm was formed of
Lambert, Parent & Co., and exists to-day and deals extensively in grain, hand-
ling some 2[)0,(»00 bushels during a single year. One of the sons, J. W. Lam-
bert, is a partner in a handle factory, establiihed in 1880. The tirm turns
fork handles, neck-yokes, single-trees, spokes and hubs. They have bought
$7,000 to 18,000 worth of " butts" as material for their work in a single year.
Their establirihment seems active and prosperous. One of them is als) a part-
ner in the firm of Lambert & McKenzie, saddle and harness makers. Union
City, Ohio. They employ in all about twenty-five hands. One of the suns is
a very active member of the United Brethren Church, being teacher in the
Sunday school, class leader, etc.

ALFRED LENOX
was born in Shelby County, Ohio, Septcmoer 4, LSI:}, while the territory now
comprising that county was yet a part of Miami County. His father was John
Lenox, a native of Virginia, who was brought by his paren's to Marietlta,
Ohio, in the early settlement of that locality, and who removed to what is now
Shelby County in 1810. J. L. enlisted at the beginning of the war of 1812, and
served until its close, having attained the rank of Captain of scouts. He re-
turned to his original settlement, four miles north of where the town of Sid-
ney now is, and where he cleared a farm and raised a family. Upon this farm,
young Alfred was raised, accustomed to farm work and wholly deprived of
public school facilities. This deficiency was supplied by the energy and enter-
prise of his father, who, at his own expense, built a sohoolhouse and employed
a teacher for his own and for his neighbors' children. From this primitive
school young Lenox entered a select school in Piqua, from which he received a
certificate of graduation. On the 5th 'day of November, 1840. he was married
to Miss Frances Ann Gish, of Montgomery Cjunty, Ohio, and to them have
been born ten children, seven of whom are now living.

During the ten years from 1840 to 1830, Mr. Lenox was engaged in farm-
ing in the locality ia which he was raised. During the succeeding four years,
he was engaged upon public works, princip.ally on the " Bee Line" Railway,
as contractor and superintendent of construction, in which capacity he laid
the first track and constructed the first railroad works at Union City. A part
of this time, he w.as proprietor and manager of the Forest House, the first
hotel in (he place. In 1864, he engaged in merchandising, keeping a
general store for three years. The same year, he lost heavily by fire.
Changing his bu8ine,ss, he kept a livery-stable six years. In 18U2, be w.as
commissioned a Captain in the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment Ohio
Volunteers, and was deUiled on recruiting service, and afterward as Govern-
ment detective. Being dissatisfied with the service, he resigned his commis-
sion and recruited a company for the OneHunlred and Fifty-fourth Indiana
Volunteers, with which he entered the field as its Captain, being mustered out
with his company at Winchester, Va., by reason of the termination of the war.
Capt. Lenox returned to Union City, and as superintendent of construction
assisted in building the r.ailroad from Union City to Logansport. After its

the present time. Mr. Lenox came to Union City in 18-32, and has bei'n a res-
ident of the place ever since, he and his wife having now nearly or quite
the longest residence in the town. He finished the first house in the city,
and has witnessed Ihe growth of the place from an unbroken forest to its
present condition. He has always been active in promoting the business
interests of the town and in unJert.akings fir the bettering of society. Ue
has been foremost among the friends of public schools and all educational en-
shops and whisky saloons. Mr. Lenox being a pronounced temperance man,
and being eniouraged and supported by other good citizens, made war upon
the traffic, and after years of persevering effort, with expenditure of consider-
able money and at great personal risk, the open sale of intoxicating liquors on
the Indiana side of the town was entirely suppressed, nor have they since
been here sold openly as a beverage. For this exemption, the citizens of the
town were originally indebted very largely to the energy and steadfast activity
of Capt. Lenox, as much so, perhaps, as to any other one man. Mr. and Mrs.
Lenox are yet citizens of Union City, living in the enjoyment of a fair degree
of lie.aUh, surrounded by their childron, grandchildren and one great-grand-
child, and having the respect and esteem of all citizens. We but express the
sentiment of all when we say that it is hoped that they may live yet many
years as landmarks of the good city, and in the enjoyment of advantages
which their own efforts have been so instrumental in establishing.

N. B. LEWIS was born in 184H, at Cheshire, Delaware Co., Ohio. He was
one of fifteen children by two marriages. In 18.53, his father removed to New
Corydon, Jay County, Ind., .and, in 1839, to Union City, Ind. He was a black-
smith, and was poor, and young Noe had to work in his father's shop to help
" keep the wolf from the door," and so he got very little school training. At
(wenty-two, he left the smith shop, and became a dry goods clerk with Wiggs,
Polly k Co., and, in 1875, entering the boot and slioe establishment of Ander-
son & Johnson ; he has been connected with that house to the present time,
under three different firms. Mr. Lewis married Emma Polly, daughter of
David Polly, in December, 1871. They have had two children, neither one
living. His wife is a Disciple ; he belongs to the I. 0. 0. F., and (he Knights
of Pythias. Mr. Lewis, though a young man, is a quiet, worthy, industrious
citizen, and is rapidly gaining'the respect and confidence of his fellow-towns-

WILLIAM MARSH, flagman, was born in Butler Co., Ohio, in 1818 ; was
engaged in railroading for thirty years; be laid the track from Greenville to
Union in 1852 ; Was baggage-master on the D. & U. R R. trains for twelve

years, swiiobman on the "Bee-Lino" three years, hand on the track three
years, and for nine years past, flagman at the main crossing on Columbia street.
He is employed by the "Bee-Line," and the "Pan-Handle" pays half his
salary. Mr. .Marsh stales it as a fact, that the (nearly) twenty-eight years
since trains beg.an to pass this crossing, not an accident, nor an injury of any
kind has ever occurred in connection with that crossing. More than 200,000
trains and teams, vehicles, and passengers innumerable (perhaps scores of mil-
lions), have passed that street, yet, during all that time, through all these
twenty-eight years of constant traffic and travel, no train, no vehicle, no living
creature, no min, woman nor child, has suffered the slightest iojury. Such a
fact speaks volumes for the wonderful and unfailing care by the railroad com-
panies in their intercourse with the public, and for their faithful employes, in

their charge. It seems a pleasing and an assuring sight for persons desirous to
attempt that dangerous passage to see the " grizzly locks" of our " old friend
Marsh," waving his flag, and when he gives the signal to cross, they go rapidly
but trustingly forward; sure that when he proclaims to " go ahead," no harm
will happen as they jog on their onward way. Long, long may he live to wave
that signal flag, and to enjoy the proud satisfaction arising from the thought
that his " backward signal " or his " forward wave " has served to guard hun-
dreds of thousands of lives and myriads of animals and vehicles from passing
on to destruction, or Las beckoned them onward in safety and in peace. Though
his position might, by haughty aristocrats, be reckoned humble and obscure,
yet it may with truth be affirmed that the faithful labor and care of one man
like Flagman Marsh, is worth indefinitely more to the world than the labor per-
formed by a dozen millionaires, yet the millionaire is good in his place, and so
is the flagman at a grand thoroughfare railway crossing. Hurrah for ihe flag-
man, and may we always have one as good.

ROBERTS. MoKEE was born in 18:iOinAdamsCounty,Penn.; came to Darke
County, Ohio, in 1838, and to Uuion City, Ind., in 1852 (October). He mar-
ried Margaret Manuel in 1856, and has six children, all living but one. His
business for twenty-eight years has been that of a salesman in Union City,
seventeen years with Joseph Turpeu (five years of that time as partner), eleven
years with Kirschbaum ,^ Co. In 1880, in connection with 0. C. Gordon,
Treasurer of Randolph County, he bought Paxson's boot and shoe store, under
Ihe firm name of Gordon & McKee. He is Township Trustee for Wayne Town-
ship, having been elected in 1878 and again in 1880. He is an aciive Repub-
lican, and a prominent citizen. In 1881, be sold out his part of the shoe store
to I. A. Thomas, late of Winchester, Ind., and is chiefly engaged in dealing in
horses, besides his employment as Township Trustee. During the summer of
1882, he has been and is busying himself in erecting a commodious residence
upon North Howard street, which is expected to be an unique model of beauty
and convenience.

CHARLES McKENZIE has spent a life of great adventure and varied ex-
perience, having been a rover from his youth. He was born in Nicholas Coun-
ty, Ky., in 1822, being the son of James McKenzie, who w.as born in Maryland,
of Scotch descent, July 4, 1776 ; moved to Darke County, Ohio, in 1812 ; was
in the war of 1812 ; removed after the war to Kentucky ; was the father of ten
children, and died in Kentucky, twelve miles from Maysville, in 1831. C. W.
McKenzie came with his widowed mother to Greenville, Darke Co., Ohio, dur-
ing the cholera season in 1832 ; he traveled somewhat in his boyhood. In his
early manhood, he went to Canada, and, becoming acquainted with the " Ka-
nucks," was employed in several trips to Hudson's Bay, some of the time as
be.arer of mes.sages for the Hudson's Bay Company, remaining in that country
several years. Returning to the States, he spent three years (1842-1846) in
La Grange County, Ind., going then to Jackson, Mich.' and to Detroit ; he
afterward went Eist to New York, and by ocean voyage to New Orleans ; set
out for Cuba, was wrecked and landed at Mobile, Ala,; went to South America
for somerr.onths, and spent two years in Central America, returning to the United
States again, and so onward to the present time. He has been several voyages
to Europe, once in 1834, and the last time. some years ago. He enlisted in the
One Hundred and Eighteenth Ohio, from Lima, Allen Co., Ohio, Company 1 ;
served from August 12, 18(i2, to March 24, 1863 ; was crippled by a car acci-
dent at Cynthiana, Ky., and discharged therefor, receiving a back pension of
?1,100, under the Act of Congress for that purpo.se. He has traveled over the
whole country. North, South, East and West, being at the "Centennial" in
1876. He visits this couuiy every few years, having a brother and sister re-
siding atUaion City (McKenzie and Mrs. Eisenhour). He has many relatives

in this region. Jesse Gray, the famous hunter, was his sister's father-in
William Vail, a noted pioneer and resident of Jay County, Ind., is his brc
.-_ . — ._ ] nu ._,.. c --ption^ father of Robert Sumption, of RidgeviP

I his

MARTIN MURPHV was born in Wayne Township, Ranlolph Co., Ind., in
1836; his school privileges were very limited, attending solely at the old log
cabin, standing on the site of the eight-sided schoolbouse, near the Downing
farm, west of the Hoover Cemetery. At sixteen, he went for himself, working
out by the month for $12 to $18 a month. In 1861 , he enlisted in the Seven-
teenth Ohio (three months') Regiment, and served four months and eight days.
He did not re-enlist, but served his country faithfully at home. For five years
he was employed in a livery stable, under different proprietors, Branham,
Ospy, Ruby, etc. In 1868, he became Marshal of Union City, in which posi-
tion he served for eight years. He was Constable of Wayne Township for two
years; he has also been n veterinary surgeon for twenty years, which vocation
he follows still, besides being employed in the livery stable of George W. Prior.
He married Mary E. Enochs in 1863. They have had eight children, five of
whom are living'. Mr. Murphy is a reliable citizen, and a thorough Repub-
lican. His father, an aged gentleman and ap'oneer of Wayne Township, still
resides on the land wliich he first occupied nearly fifty years ago. Though fee-
ble from age, he enjoys reasonable health and strength, and the comfort and
peace that spring from a long life spent in the service of God, and faith in
Jesus Christ for forgiveness and salvation.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ing of what may

W. S. MURftAY is still a young man, and, in the
yet prove to be a life of aotitity and usefulness to his
He was born in Madison County, Ind., March 4, 1868, the day that. Franklin
Pierce was inaugurated President. He is one of eight children, his father be-
ing a carpenter, now resident in Union City. In 1861, when eight years old,
his father having brought him to Deerfield, Randolph, County, and, in 1865,
they moved to Union City. W. S. M. attended the Union City schools, gain-
ing a moderate education. In 187'2, he entered Branham'a Restaurant, oonlin-
uing therein five years. In 1878, he was elected Constable of Wayne Township,
and, in 1881, City Marshal of Union City. His official duties have been perforii.ed
with accuracy and faithfulness, and to the satisfaction of the community. Sep-
tember SO, 1875, he married Harriet Seihert. of Greenville, Ohio, and they
have had two children, one of them being now living. He is a Republican, a
member of K. of P., and of the Improved Order of Red Men (I. 0. 0. R.) In
May, 1882, he was re-elected to the position of City Marshal, having been
nominated at the Republican primarv election b ' a large majority. In Au-
gust, 1882, he resigned the office of City Marshal, and accepted employment
from the Pittsburgh, Cfinoinaati & St. Louis Riilroad Company as Station
Freight .\gent at Union City.

JESSE PAXaON, boot and shoe dealer, was born in 1810 in Pennsylva-
nia ; went to Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1818 : went to Canal Dover in 1827-
30; to Newville and to Brookville. He married Mary Slusser, and lived at
BrookviUe several years. Two children were born, both died, and his wife
also. In 1839, he "tramped" to Lake Erie, Cleveland, Sandusky, Toledo, Lo-
gansport, Indianapolis and Vernon. From Vernon to Madison wore twenty-
four miles of railway, the first he had seeu, and the first in the State. He
(and his comrade) rode those twenty-four miles on tl;o cars; took boat on the
Ohio River for Cincinnati ; thence "tramped" to Gosheu, Clermont Co., Ohio.
There he tarried and married Catharine Brouson ; had one child; lost it at
.\ewville. Richland Co., Ohio, where his fither lived. His wife was taken sick,
and they returned to Goshen to her falhep's. She died there with consumption,
that scourge of the human race. He traveled, and, finally, at Piqua. married
.lane Walkup, his present wife, in 1848. Soon after this, thev moved to Cam-
den, Jay Co., Ind., and, in 185'2, came to Union Ciiy. His business had been
chiefly carpentering and cabinet-making. In 1850, he set up in the boot and
shoe business, which has been his occupation ever since that time. Lately his
health has been poor, and his failing strength has obliged liim to cease from
active life He sold his store to Gordon &. McKee, and lias been spending his
time apart from the cares of business, being now already past his " threescore
years and ten," the allotted age of mortal man.

CHARLES W. PIERCE. The warehouse on the lot where Charles W.
Pierce now (18H1) does business, was built by Shrcer & Hill for a tlouring-mili
in 1861. Mr. Shreer retired in 18c,2, giving place to Mr. Mcl>eley. The mill
machinery was removed in 1868 ov 1860, and the business was changed to Ih it
of tho grain trade. Mr. McFeely died in 1872, and Hiram Vail took his place
till 1873. N. I>dwallader succeeded Mr. Vail, and, in turn, soM out to Charles
W. Pierce in 1874. November 5, I8T5. Mr. Pierce bought out Mr. Hill and h.as
since been sole proprietor. In 1875, the business reached $100,000. In 1879.
it had grown to about $260,000. The warehouse was burned in 1878, but was

and trade is steadily increasing. Mr. Pierce is conneoled with tlieM. E. Church
and active in all good causes. His excellent wife is a daughter of John and
Jane Fisher, a worthy and aged couple who are oM pioneers, coming to the
region in 1817, before Randolph was formed. Mr Pierce has .just erected a
.splendid residence, which, when finished and furnished, will he an ornament
to tho city. In the spring of 1881, Mr. P. sold his grain establishment to
Worth .t Alexander, and he is at present engaged in " Marriage Dowry" (sum-
mer 1881). In the spring of 1882, Mr. P. is understood to have bought a
cultlo ranuhe in Arkansas, and he spent some months in that region. In July,
1S82, he resumed the grain-buying business at his old stand in Union City, lud.
WILLIAM M. REEVE.S was born in Jackson Township, Randolph Co.,
lad., September 19, 1834, being a son of James Reeves, an early pioneer of
that region. He grew up a farmer's son, with only the learning obtained from
the common country school of the period. In the fall of 1S.)5, ho married
Esther Wiley, the daughter of Rev. Thomas Wiley, late of Jackson Township.
They have had four children, and all are living. Before ihe war, he w.is a
farmer. He enlisted in August, 1862, in Company F, Sixty-ninth Indiana Reg-
iment; remained in the service till mustered out, at the close of the war, July
5. 1865. He was wounded by a piece of a shell striking his head at Thomsons
Hill at Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1863. He remained in the hospital (on
James' Plantation) between Grand Gulf and Vicksburg one month, and then
went with the regiment (convalescent, but not able for duty), till September 22,
1863. At that date, he received leave of absence for twenty days, and he left
Brishear City, La., for the North and for home. The twenty days were all
consumed in reaching home. He got his papers renewed twice, but. in about
twenty-five days, he learned that his regim»nt was on its way to Texas, and he
joined them at New Orleans, and went forward, landing at Matagorda Island,
Te.ias, and continuing with his comrades till the end. He had been ciptured
(at Richmond, Ky.), Auguit 20, 1862, and paroled, but returned after a short
time. He was mustered as Second Sergeant ; was promoted Orderly, Second
Lieutontnl and First Lieutenant. Mr. Reeves removed to Union City in 1874;
was a butcher two years, and for five years he has been and is now on the city
pcilice. In religion, he is a Uiiciple, and in politics, a Republican. He be-
longs to the Knighta of Pythias. Mr. Reeves is an esteemed and valuable cit-
izen. In August, 1882, he was appointed City Marshal in place of Winfield S.

MRS. Ei3THER (MoFARLAND) REEVES.
Mrs. Enher (McFarland) Reeves, is the wife of Dr John L. Reeves.
This estimable lady is the daughter of William and Flora McFarland, who
came to lUndolph County, Ind., in the early winter of 1838, when their daugh-

ter was a few months old. Her father w:is a native Of Kentucky, and her
mother a native of Virginia. Both werfl born in 1799, within a week of each
other, and both emigrated to Ohio in early life. They xyerfe married in High,
land County, Ohio, and some yetrs afierward removed (o t),irke County, set-
tling near New Madison. Three of their children wetd born in Highland
County, and there were eleven irt all, every one of wliom lived lo be gVuwn and
to be rairried, and six of the cieven ^re living still. Mr. McFarland was a
pioneer during all his early life, Jabksoh ToWttsh'ip being almost wholly in the
woods when he made his enti-y iiito her pordel-s. Ho was a sturdy, hard-work-
ing farmer, entering the land lb the fextrenie norlliwestern part of Jackson
Township, upon which he matty yedrs later laid out the town of New
Pittsburg, on thS line of tho coHtiimplaled raih-oitd leading from Union City to
Portland, at the point where thai line oi-osses from Randolph County into .lay.
The town began to grow but the railroad tt-ack was not laid, ahd to this day
nought but an unused "grade" exists to show what came of the thousands of
dolUrs expended by the too eager stockholders upon that projected route.
Mr. McFarland and his wife were both members of the Disciple Church, and in
political faith and connection he was and still is a Democrat. His wife died
in 1879, aged eighty years, and he is living still at Ridgeville, Ind,, sprightly
and vigorous, though bearing the weight of cighly-thpee years of labor and
toil. Mrs. Reeves was born near New Madison, Darke Co., Ohio, July 9,
1838, and was brought to Jackson Township, Randolph County, when only a,
few months old. She grew up an artle.ss country girl at her father's back-
woods homo, having scanty means of education, attending a log-cabin school-
house with a, wide-mouthed chimney, and other similar teickwoods appliances,
going one and a half and two miles, and in all not more than twelve months.
She was married to Dr. John L. Reeves in 18-55, beiug scarcely seventeen years,
old. She has been the mother of four children. .Vlr». Reeves is an active
woman in society, having been a member of the Disciples' Church fur twenty-
eight year-i, .and belonging to that society in Union l.'iiy ever since their re-
moval to the place. A sketch of Iut husband's life and career has been al-

or two Ksceptinns no person now living in the region came e.arlicr to Jackson
Township than he. All the first settlers but himself (except his mother and
James Porter and his aged wife) are either dead or moved fur away. His hoy-
hood and youthful days were spent in truly backwoods fashion. He w,is the
son of a famous hunter and a hunter himself, bringing down m.any an antlered
denizen of the mighty fore-it shades. He remembers to have witne8.sed what
is now understood to have been tho earliest v.'Uile inan'.s buriiil wiihin Ihe
limits of Jaokson Township, which took place about 1838, or sooner, at what is
now Pleasant Hill Burial-Ground, cast of North Salem. The name of the man
was Walker, ivho w.as a teacher, and some of whose family are residents of ihc
region still, one of his daughters being the wife of one of the sons of Ezekiel
(plough, an octogenarian pioneer of Jay i;ounty.' and later a resident of
Jackson Township in Randolph. Dr Reeves, though h.ardly an old man,
being several years on the sunny side of tlirccsoorc, is beginning to as-
sume almost unconsciously Ihe dignity of an ancient pioneer. At any rale, he
delights to regale his friends with the recital of his youthful adventures while
threading the p.aths, almost untrodden, winding scarcely visible among Ihc
gigantic tree trunks, lifting their widcsprending tops above Ihe deeply shaded
earth. At one time, with a comrade ohler tliau himself, he was tracking
game close by the graveyard above mentioned, when suddenly two deer
showed themselves. Each look aim, and each drew trigger, and both lioer
bounded out of sight in opposite diretlions. The gun of the older hunter
snapped, and he saw only one deer and thought Ijoth guns had missed fire.
He was provoked at first to think that neither gun had been faithful to iis
master. But while he would not believe the youthful hunter's declaration that
his weapon had done its work and that a wounded deer w.as limninz Iceblv
along the forest paths, he was more deeply iiionified and ch.agrined to

did ii

It had bi

tt by liie gun

lunter lying bleeding and nelpless, panting and ready tc
while tiio other one of the pair had pa.ssed into the shadow of the woods wliolly
unhurt. Mr. and Mrs. Reeves furnish fine examples of genuine friendliness
ind generous hospitality, being loved by their neighbors and esteemed by all

Dr. Reeve

irinciplc of political

lining sturdily, h(
that partisan action must be held always suooruinate to puoiio virtue and
sterling individual integrity. [Note. — A slight correction is needed in the
biography of Dr. Reeves olsewiiere given. The date of his Itiking up the
plastering trade should be 1848 Instead of 1851.]

GEORGE W. ROSS, carriage-maker, was born in 1837, in Springfield,-
Ohio ; w.as brought to Darke County, Ohio, in 1S38 ; came to Union Citv, Ind.,
in 1863 i married Melissa Moist in 1863, and they have one child. Mr. Ro.ss
made pumps one year, and has been engaged in carriage making seventeen
years. His business is flourishing and prosperous, and he employs several
hands. The firm has been as follows : Ross & Evans, Ross & Shoper, Ross &
Kuapp. Ross alone. Mr. Ross is a Republican and a Disciple. He is enter-
prising, reliable and estimalile.

JAMBS FINLEY RUBEY, son of James and Hannah J. Rubey, was born
August 11, 18-50, being one of a family of ten children. His birth pl.ace and
youthful residence were on a farm near lloUansburg, Darke County, Ohio,
his father being a physician, having an e.vlensive practice. James spent his
boyhood and youth with his father, attending the country school, as also tho
Hollansburg Village School, and for about three years he belonged to the Union
City graded school, ending his literary education with his eighteenth year. In
1867, he moved with hia father to Union City, Ind., which town has been his
place of residence to the present time. In 1870, he completed a business
coursi! in the Miami Commercial College, at Dayton, Ohio. After .spending
eighteen months in the grain warehouse of Spencer Hill, at Union City, ho
entered the First Naional Bink as book-keeper in 1872, serving two years in
that capacity, and three years as assistant cashier, and three years also as

Mr Samuel L.Carter.

SAMUEL L. CARTER.
a»muel L. Cirter was born in Salem County, N. J.. Februa
re Samuel C. Carter and Mary (Lippincott) Carter, who v
ney. Samuel C. Carter waa bom in 1792. being the son o
,, had hia birth and rearing in the little commonwealth
than Carter had the remarkable family of twenty-one ohil

apa, more of his children, emigrated to the

Bl^uf th°ree of"the aii being sons. The nam^ea, etc., of the tweWe ohUdren ar. aa fol-
lows : Abigail (Thomas), nine children, widow, resides at Union City, Ind. ; Mary
(Hedger^, eight children, residing in Michigan; Samuel L., five children, resides at

eight children, died in Ionia, Mich. ; Clement L., five children. Uvea' at U^on Cityi
Joseph, seven children, his home ia near Litchfield, 111. ; Rebecca, Martha, Susan, Re-

Mississinewa Township, Darke Co., Ohio. Samuel C. Carter left New Jersey, Septem-
ber, 1817, coming to Clermont County, Ohio, removing to Cinoinnati in 1821, and

this place he resided till his death, in 1879, at the great age of about eighty.eight
years. His wife, Mary Lippincott, was born in 1787, and died in Union City, about
1872, at the age of eighty.fire years. His business waa farming, and his standing was,

uniformly exemplary, and c

high degree o

wavering testimony to the sustaining, satisfying presence and power of the Qrooiou

in the Eastern land, almost or quite the entire group have become ottizens of the grea
and growing West, and those who still survive are bearing bravely and nobly theii
part in the great struggle of life. Mrs. Mary (Lippincott) Carter, wife of Nathai

nois. As we have said, she wag born in 1787, being seven years older than her bus

at Ohio VaUey. Sami

rried Miss Rachel Liv

si Livengood,
ard (in 1849),
second year of the

hia residence from that time to the preient. They have had five ohildren, all of whom are
•till living, viz. : Elizabeth (Jaoobs), Sarah (Bat«her), Oeorge L. (married), William
W., Samuel T. Samuel L. Carter ir occupation waa a carpenter, till 1868; after that
he followed farming and briok-maUng, till 1861 ; he sold lumber in Union CSty till
1866, and soon after began the turning business, in Union Oily, Ohio, manulaotnring
hand-sorewa and trunk-slata ; also running a saw mill for preparing hia own maUrial,
and for general purposea. Mr. Cartar haa bean a member of the M. E. Church aver
ainoa Aaguat 6, 1882, joining that aooiaty at a oamp-meeting held n«u Cincinutl, in

Mrs Rachel Carter.

Mr. Carter haa alw

intelligent, hard-working, si

St more than fifty years

the'daye of her chUdhood and youth achool education, especially for girls, was not

'e°e. Specially ha's her course of life been
ion to the ordinary trials and hardahips of
home with not a few relatives, besides her
ng been oared for duiiag long and trying I

four"M,re of°her eventful life with her aff

Carter haa an abundant aupply.
amily relation and amolig an ex-

immediate family, at
Is of severe and lan(

late'daughteT'oE

I hand. Mr. Carter's father made hi
9 of almost fourscore and ten with his
well-nigh helpless, in this blessed a

disease,
defeujay:

" 'hese thi-
if frieudi

ing. A helpmeet to her
gentle mother, it may of

7 worthy enterprise, a wise and

abies." She joined' the M. E.
il and earnest Christian life dur-
long, 80 long ago. Mrs. Carter
the first Methodist olaaa in Union

faith," and even ftom early youth

lid age, they stand ever firm and steadAst in the ways of uprightneaa and

truth, asking themselves the question, ~ • • ■• ■ ■- -•-"^-■- -=-v..

1'a:^ "^^l^i!l''^t-T-

^1.

rltS'UFMCL OF VV. K. Smith, Union Lnr, Indiana.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

organized). In January, 1881, Mr. Kubey was promoted to the position of
cashier of the Commercial Bank, which place he still retains. He married
Julia L. Skinner in 1876, and they have ha<l two children, both living Mr.
Rubey is Kepublioan in political faith, and belongs to the Methodist Episcopal
Church, having become a member in 1868, under the pastorate of Rev. Green-
man. He has held the office in that church of Recording Steward for several
years. In 1878, he was elected to a place in the Union City Common Council,
and was a leading and influential member of that body during his term of
oflice. In 1882, he was a second time elected a member of Council, and now
belongs to that body. Although a young man, .Mr. Rubey gives evidence of
sterling character, and enjoys a high reputation for ability and business talent,
as well as for uprightness and integrity, and there would seem to be no ob-
stacle in his pathway toward a prosperous and successful career during his
maturity of manhood, if it Bhould please a gracious Providence to spare his
life «t;id etrength during the years that are to come, till be shall reach his
ndten.

in New York City, and came to

JOSEPH L. SCHRONTZ, barber, wasbor
ion City, Ind., in 1856 ; married Alice Roll it
set up a barber shop in 18t)8, being prosperous in uie ouaiue
g" live chairs; sold out his shop in 1880 to his brother, Charh
! eslftblishment was. the oldest of the kind in town. They
ng originally from Germany. The father of J. L. Schrontz «

had Iv

before

■of ni

JOHN M. SHANK, stove store, born in Montgomery County, Ohio, in
1331 ; came to Preble County, Ohio, in 1862, and to Union City, Ind., in 1858.
Pie learned the tinner's trade in Preble County, Ohio, during two and a lialf
years, receiving 10 cents a day and bis board ; wa.s a journeyman for several
years, and set up at Union City in 1858. He was married to .Sarah Stonerin
1858. They have five children. His establishment is by far the oldest of the
kind in the town. Mr. Shank has been Councilman tw^o years, a church mem-
ber ten years (United Brethren and Methodist Episcopal); Trustee of Methodist
Episcopal two years ; member of Union City Lodge, F. A. M., 270, having filled
every official position; member of Royal Arch Chapter, No. 94, and holding
honorable stations therein. ■ ' ■ ■

JOHN THOMPSON SHAW was born in Grecnsfork Township, Randolph
County, May 4, 1831, the spring after his father moved to the county. They
occupied the tract lying in the extreme southeast corner of Greensfi.rk ToWship
and Randolph County. In 1846, they moved to Ilollansburg, Darke Co., Ohio; in
1848, to Bethel, Wayne Co., Ind., and in 184!) to the John Harlan farm south
of Spartansburg. At tlie age of eighteen, he worked a year or so at shoe-making
in' Spartansburg with his brother Samuel, and during two or throe yea.r8 after-

'"''''"' ■ " ' "3 entered the grocery business

n 1854, a

rade in

iry gooi

• eight-

teen years at Union City, Ind, his estabJishment being one oi luree now e-xisi-
ingin that city. Mr. Shaw m.arried Priscilla G. Starbuck in 1853, and they
have' had seven children, three of whom are living. Mr. Shaw joined the Dis-
ciple Church at SpiTtansburg in 1801, and is stil! a memberof that religious
society, being an active worker, and for eight years Deacon in the Disciple
Church in Union City, sometimes going out to hold religious meetings for wor-
ship and instruction with good acceptance. He is a, man of character and
standing, an active and thorougli temperance man, of good business habits,
and esteemed by his feUow-citfzens. In polities, he is a Republican, and
belongs to the I. 0. 0. F. For eight years his residence was on the "Ohio
side," though his business has been all the time in Indiana, where also he now
resides. January, 1883, he opened the "Trade Palace" in connection with a
new lirm, Shaw, Downing & Reger.

COPPY C. SMITH is ;the son of James C. and Jane D. Smith. J.
C. Smith was born in Pennsylvania, Greene County, September 28, 1819, and
emigrated to Ohio in 1827. His wife, Jane D. Smith, was born in Butler County,
Ohio, October 25, 1821. They had five children, viz.: Coppy C, born January
5, 1840;' Jessie D., born September 22, 1841; Alfred R., born January 23,
1844; Alioe, born July 5, 1849; Laura, born July 30, 1852; all in Butler
County, Ohio. Coppy C. Smith, was born in tlie year 1840 ; he moved to Union
County, Ind., in 1866, and in 1.867 settled on a farm near the toll-gate,
northwest of Union City. Romaining there two years, he changed his resi-
dence to Union Oily, which has since tjiat time been his home. Hi* business
in Union City has been the keeping of » Uyerjt stable,' and alsd of a boarding
house. Mr. C. was married March 0, 1862, to Miss Lavina Gear, of Hamilton,
Butler Co., Ohio, who was born in 183.8; They have had four children, only
twoof whom are now living, viz.; Lilly, born May 20, '1867: Emma, born
April 13, 1871. Mr. C. C. Smith is a Democrat in politics, and so also is his
r.ither, .lames C.Smith, who has resided for many years in Randolph County,
aud now lives at Union City. • ■ ■

SMITH BROS. Not very many years ago three' brothers, William P.,
James and John Smith, left their native Scotland and made their way across
the dasliing billows of the wide Atlantic, to find ahome aud room to work, and
grow and Hourish in this grand and wondrous commonwealth of the free. They
came not, however, all at once. The first one named above led the way, ex-
1 dalkd, coming in' 186C, and
ow their adventurous brother
in his voyage toward the shores of the setting sun. William had Itemed his
business as a foundryman and machinist in his native land, and in 1S71
became able to set up for himself in Providence, R. I. In 1872, his brothers
joined him from over the tossing deep, and learned of him the business, trhioh
together they since have pursued with gratifying success. After three years
spent in that Eastern city, they thought it wise to try their fortunes in the great
and growing West, and, coming to Union City, Ind., they set up an establish-
ment in that thriving town as a foundry and machine shop. Their work at

first was ,'icant enough, having barely sufficient for their own employment. In
process of time, however, integrity and skill reaped an abundant reward, and
their business has largely increased, and their field of operations has been
greatly extended. Originally they worked alone, but two years ago (1880),
they had constant employment for eight hands, with the prospect of a much
larger growth in the near future. Their business is chiefly the making and
repairing of machinery in general. They build steam engines, steam pumps,
and many things besides. Their trade reaches a large region of country in
both Indiana and Ohio. They are expecting and intending before a very long
time to set up a regular and separate foundry, for which purpose they have
already prepared a building suitable for that branch of industry. The Smith
Bros, are like a large proportion of the men engaged in business in Union City,
full of enterprise and energy, " putting their own shoulders to the wheel,"
and counting, week in and week out, for " full hands" in carrying on their
chosen avocation. In politics, they belong to the Republican party. William
and James are both married, the former having four, and James three children;
John, being the younger of the three brothers, is still unmarried. They an
all only in the prime of life, and may reasonably look forward to many yean

able to them as men, and productive of great advantage to the community at
large. In the spring of 1882, the firm set up a grist-mill in the vicinity of
Ilarrisville, and the enterprise bids fair to be crowned with success, and to
become both a source of profit to themselves and a means of usefulness to the
entire region.

GEORGE W. SMITH was liorn in 1837, in Champaign County, Ohio ;
moved to Woodford County, III., in 1853; enlisted iu the Sixty-eighth Illinois
Infantry, Company E. His regiment belonged to the Army of the Potomac,
in the Second Army Corps, Gen. Hancock. He was Third Sergeant, and was
detailed Post Commissary with the pay of Second Lieutenant. His discharge
took place in August, 1864, and in 1865, he married Louisa Enyeart. They
have two children. They removed to Union City in 1867. His business is
that of an artist, landscape and portrait painter, etc., and he finds large and
remunerative employment in his chosen vocation. He belongs to the Disciple
Church, and in politics is a Republican.

SHUGARS & BROTHER, stove dealers. Jeremiah Shugars w.ia born Jan-
uary 7, 1842, in Columbia County, Penn., learned the tinner's trade at Catawissa,
Penn.; came West in 1803, finishing his trade at Williamsport, Warren Co., Ind.,
and came to Union City in 1870, afterspending four years in Pennsylvania. He
has 'worked in this pl.ice for Pope, Clapp & Hartzell. setting up business with
his brother, Reuben }!• Shugars, October 18, 1881. Jeremiah Shugars married,
at Union City, Ind., Sarah Mason, daughter of William Mason, an old resident
of Randolph County, and they have one child. He is a member of the Disci-
ple Church, and is Democratic in politics. Reuben H. Shugars was bora in
1840, January 27, in Columbia County, Penn. He was brought up on a farm,
taught school six terms, clerked in a store two years, and took up the tin busi-
ness with his brother Jeremiah at Limestoneville, Montour Co., Penn., in 1868,
remaining two years, and aft«r several years employment by the Pennsylvania
Iron Company, he removed to Union City, Ind., in October, 1881, entering into
partnership with his brother in stoves and tinware. He married Melinda Acer
in 1869, and they have no children. Mr. S. and his estimable lady united
with the Presbyterian Church in Union City shortly after their arrival at the
place. They had previously belonged to the Lutheran Church at Danville,
Montour Co., Penn. He is an industrious, estimable gentleman, sincere, warm-
iiearted aud sympathetic, and is rapidly gaining friends by liis praiseworthy
conduct. . >.

WILLIAM -K.SMITH
was born in Randolph County, Ind., April 27, 1836, being the son of Jeremiah
and Cynthia (Dye) Smith. His father was born in South Carolina and his mother
in Ohio. His father's ancestors were from England. His great-great-grand-'
father was an English Quaker from Yorkshire, who settled in Pennsylvania,
Bucks County, about 1727. His great-grandfather, David Smiih, was born in
1736, and died in 1801. His grandfather, William Smith, was born in 1779, and ■
died in 1831, having emigrated to Randolph County in 1817. His father, Jere- .
miah Smith, was born in 1805, dying in 1874 at Winchester, Ind., and his
mother at the same placff in 1872, Both lie side by side in the Union City
Cemetery, where a beautiful and costly monument preserve? and perpetuates
their memory. ■ William K. received his education chiefly at the Randolph
County Seminary, which was at that time a valuable institution of learning,
and under the energetic control of Profs. Spencer, Ferris, Cole, etc., many
young men and women of promise found the means of a substantial education '
suited to the needs of those times. His father's desire was that William should
become a member of the legal profession. But the young man's wishes did not
lie in this direction, and in 1857 he entered a dry goods store in Union City
as clerk ; after about a year thus spent, he acted as agent in the railroad office
for a few weeks, and then undertook a course of training in the Commercial
College of Cincinnati. Having completed this course he began business as
a retail dealer in boots and shoes in 1859. This business increased greatly
and rapidly in his hands, so that from 1862 to 1870 the establishment did
a large wholesale and jobbing trade. He has erected a substantial and com-
modious business house oii Columbia street, as also a costly residence on the
same street, in the north part of the city, .Mr. S. was not connected with •
the army, except foi* a few days during the excitement of the Morgan raid in
the summer of 1863. He is not a member of any religious society, but his
wife was during her life connected with the Congregational Church. In
politics he is, as also was his worthy father, an active and influential
Democrat. In 1863, he married Elizabeth Farley, of Michigan, who died in
1880. They had two children, only one of whom is now living. Mr. S. feels
keenly his bereavement, and has the deep sympathy of his friends and neigh-
bors in his lonliness and affliction. During his more than twenty years of
steady and careful attention to business, he has achieved a solid and substan-
tial reputation ; and his quiet, unobtrusive habits have endeared him to a large

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

is fellow-ci

circle of friends, and he enjoys the confidence and e
in a high degree.

HENKY B. SMITH, Hartford, Octy, Isn.

Henry B. Smith is a son of (he late Judge Jeremiah Smith and Cynthia
Dye Smilh, was born in Winchester, Randolph Co., Ind., Noyemher 27, 1847.
He attended tlie common schools at Winchester until the fall of 1802, at which
time he entered the Northwestern Christian University at Indianapolis, where
he remained two years. In 186-5, he began to learn the trade of a jeweler,
and in ISCO, after completing his trade, he removed to Hartford City, Black-
ford Co., Ind., where he now resides. Engaging in the jewelry business, he
continued therein with satisfactory success till 1876. In that year Mr. Smith
was elected Clerk of the Blackford Circuit C^urt, and he is at this time the
Uemocralio nominee for .Joint Representative for the counties of Wells and
Blackford. In 1870, he, along w.th others, organized the Ciliieus' Bank of
Hartford City, and at the organizitioa thereof he was chosen to bo its Presi-
dent, and that position he still reiains. February 8, 1872, Mr. S. was united
in wedlock to Miss Nancy Alice Holliday, only daughter of the late Joseph W.
and Elisabeth J. C. Holliday, and there have been born to them three daugh-
ters—Cynthia A., Elizabeth C. and Gretta. Mr. S. is a worthy member of a
prominent family, children of a distinguished progenitor and pioneer, Judge
Jeremiah Smith, a sketch of whose varied life has been elsewhere given.
Although comparatively young he has already attained a fine reputation and an
honorable standing among his fellow citizens.

JOHN DYE SMITH is the son of Hon. Jeremiah and Cynlhia (Dye)
Smith, and a native of Randolph County. He was born at Winchester,
Ind., June 10, 18;J9, and spent his childhood and youth in his native
town. His boyhood education was gained at the old Randolph Semi-
nary under Profs. Paris, Spencer and Cole. In 1850, he entered the
Northwestern (now Butler) University, Indianapolis, spending three years
in that institution, taking the soiehtlfic course, but not graduating. The
years 1859 and 1800, he spent in ledming the jeweler's trade at Indian-
apolis with W. H. Talbott, jeweler of that cily. He married Miss Ade-
line Teal, of Indianapolis in 1801, and settled in Winchester, purch:i3ing
the boot and shoe stock of J. B. Routh, of Winchester. He continued
the business till 1803, and, in 1864, spent a summer at Shelhyville, Ind.. clos-
ing out his stock. In the spring of 1865, Mr. S. set up as a jeweler in Union
City, Ind., which has been his residence and his business to the preseirt time.
He has htui two children, and they are both living. In politici, Mr. S. is a
Democnit, and were his residence in a county where Democrats were numerous
enough to give a m<tn of that political faith the ghost of a chance, he would,
doubtless, have become a prominent leader and office-holder. In a county so
overwhelmingly Republican as liandolph, all the Democrats can do at. (he
political feftst is to stand afar off and look wishfully, hut in vain, at the pre-
cious fruit to them forbidden. His talents, however, are not wholly lost to the
public, since he has been for eight years one of (he Board of Control of Union
City, two years as Town Trustee under the old charter, and (nearly) six years
as (jouncilra.an under the city organization. In 1878-80, he was appointed
member of the Democratic State Central Committee for the Fifth Congressional
District of Indiana. He was an original stockholder, and has been for ten
years a Director, as also Secretary and Treasurer of the Winchester & Union
Turnpike Ompany. Mr. S. has been an active and enterprising business man,
and has the respect of the community, among whom he has resided so long.
He has built up a thriving and successful business, his house being the leading
es(aliUshnicnt of the kind in this part of the State.

J. H. SNOOK was born in Maryland in 1829. Learned the Unner's trade
at nineteen years of age; followed Ihat business for nineteen years in liis
native State ; left it for farming ten years; came to Union tjiiy, Ohio, in 1875.
He had hitherto amassed no property, but ho was energetic atid uprij^ht, and
had a huge family of boys, all like their father, able and wiiriiij;' to work. 'He'
obtained credit and bought out a brickyard from George Dutro, and working it
for (wo years made 700,000 brick. In 1877, he began til<^-making, at which
also success has atiended his efforts. Hitherto, by horse-power, he has manu-
factured several thousand dollars' worth of t.le yearly, burning twenty-five to
thirty kilns annually in two kilns. In 1880, ho burned three kilns of briok, or
760,000 in number. In 1879, he erected a spoke factory, a building o0x80
feet, two stories high, with an engine room 30i40 feet, the laiter being made in

employed, yet the room is there and the machinery for e.tlensivo operations in
that line, which will, in due time, if life be spared, be added. Within a few
weeks past, Mr. S. has purchased and set up a new crushing and molding
machine of the latest and most approved workmiinship, at a cost of $1,000.
The machine is indeed a wonderful triumph. The crusher grinds up ihe dirt,

is cut into tiles as fast as the pipe is pushed from the die. By this machine
600 rods, or nearly two miles of " pipe," can be made in a single day. Brick
of excellent shape and finish can be molded also in the same machine by sim-
ply changing the " die, " the work of a few moments, and Mr. S. declares that

the work in the spoke factory, is performed by the steam engine of sixty horse-
power, and the force of the engine is carried to the tile and brick machine by
a rope of half-inch steel wire 844 feet in length. Mr. S. thinks his tile

working force varies from ten to fifteen hands, and he hopes greatly to increase
the scale of his business before a long time shall elapse. He came here with-
out means. In six years' time he has secured an investment of more than
f 20 000, with an indebtedness of only about one-fourth that amount, and he is
just beginning to be fixed for business. One secret of his success is that seven

thirteen of whom are now living and twelve are at home, and eight (with the

under their hand. The size of the tile manufactured by his machine is from
three to twelve inches, any size desired being produced simply by changing the
die regulating the opening from which the clay is projected from the machine.
His tile factory burneil up December, 1882, causing a loss of several thousand
dollars; but, vyith his accustomed energy, he is going straight ahead, rebuild-
ing in a better and more substantial style.

ISAAC G. STAHL, dentist, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1830;
taken to Guernsey County, Ohio, in 18.31; to Perry County, Ohio, in 1839 ;
remembers the log-cabin campaign of 1840; went to Fairfield County, Ohio, in
1801 ; enlisted in the Eighty-eighth Ohio, Company A; became First Lieuten-
ant of the One Hundred and Eighty-second Ohio; was discharged at (he close
of Ihe war and went to Marysville, Ohio, in 1865, staying (wo years; to
Adrian, Mich., in 1807; came to Union City, Ind., in 1863. Married Lavina
Leggett, and they have one child. He w.as a clerk one year, and has been a
dentist fourteen years. He wrus a member of Ihe City Council (Trus(ee) three
years, and is a Republican. His wife is a member of the Presbyterian
Church at Union City, and they attend religious services with that so-
ciety. Dr. S. is a worthy, intelligent, reliable man, deserving and receiving
(he esteem of those who know him. He was, in JIarch, 1882, nominated for
.Mayor of Union City by the Republicans without opposition, and at (he city
eleclion in May he was chosen by a large majority to that honorable and
responsible post of public duty.

EDWARD STARBUCK, SR.

The history of the pioneer settler named above is so remark-
able, and so many of his descendauts reside in Kandolph. that
wo insert a brief stateiaont concerning him and his family in
this work :

Elward Slarbuck, Sr., Wayne County, Ind.. was (he son of William
Slarbuck, who was horn on Nantucket Island, 1747, and moved to North Caro-
lina, 1771; marrying soon afterward, Jane 'faylor, of Virginia, a member of
the StuarUs, once heirs to the English and Scotch ciowns; he raised eleven
children, nine girls. After the girls were all married, a lady visitor asked
him, " How many sons-in-law have you?" "But nine," said he. "Anybody
that would buit at that, ought to have his horns knocked ofT," retorted she.

Edward Starbuck. Sr., born in Guilford County, N. C, 1772; mar-
ried Sarah Dwiggins, 1795. She died 1821, and he married Judith Gardner,
1822, who died 1851, ami he married Hester Kemp, 1853; he died 1802,
eighty-five ye.irs old, and she died 1808 ; he had eighteen children, ten by his
first wife, and eight by his second: five boys and five girls at first, and four
hoys and four girls at last. All the eighteen grew up and were married, and
when the youngest was twenfy-lhree, all the children and the father were still
alive; and now, when the youngest is forty-four years old, twelve are still liv-
ing. Seven of them were present at a family re-nnion held at John Fisher's,
September, 1877— William (eighty), Jane Fisher (seventy-lour), Robert (seven-
ty-two), Andrew (seventy), Mary Divigg(n3 (six(y-six), Cyrena' Biokford (forty-
seven) and John W. (forty-five). The occasion was the fifty-eighth anniversary
of John and .lane Fisher's wedding day. The upited ages were 454 years, an
average of si.\ty-five yeirs. When E. S. died, his offspring, children, grand-
children, etc., were nearly .300. His ten children by the first wife, were all
born in North Carolina, the other eight all in Wayne County, Ind. The family
may be described thus: Edward Starbuck, born Guilford (jounty, N. C, May
15, 1777; parents, William Starbuck and Jane (Taylor) Slarbuck. Marriage,
first, Sarah Dwig^ins, September 28, 1795; second, Judith Gardner, December
20, 1822; third, Hester Kemp, October 1, 1857; number of children, eighteen.
Resilience: 1777 to 1817, North Carolina; 1817 to 1862, Wayne County, Ind.
Farmer, Whig and Republican, Friend. Died, Hillsboro, Ind., April 8, 1802,
aged eighty-five. Buried, Mt. Vernon, Ind. (east of Newport). Children:
Elizabeth (Knight), born 1796, eight children, died in North Carolina, 1875;
William, born 1797, eight children, Wayne County, Ind.; James, horn 1799,
nine children, died 1861, age seventy-three; Phebe (Leverton), born 1801,
nine children, died 1801, aged sixty; Jane (Fisher), born 1803, fourteen chil-
dren. Union City, Ind., died 1881 ; Robert, born 1805, ten children, Ridgeville,
Ind.; Andrew U., born 1807, eight children, Huntington. Ind.; Lydia (Turner-
Reynolds), five children, died in Illinois, in 1878, seventy-one years old;
Mary Ann (Uwiggins), eight children, Rensselaer County, Ind.; Edward, born
1813, three times (Harried, nine children, died Union City, Ind., 1874, sixty-one
years; Sarah (Brown) born 1824, lives in Iowa; Milton, born 1825, resides in
Huntington County, Ind.; Ann (Grey;, born 1827, lives in Iowa; Jesse, born
in 182'.», lesicles in Michigan; Cyrena (Biokford), born in 1830, no children,
llunlington C-iuuty, Ind.; .lohn W., born 1832, five children, lives in Union
City. Ind.; Nalhan, born 1831, lives in Huntington County, Ind.; Susan
(Roberts), born in 1838, resides in Wayne County, Ind.

It will be seen from the statement just given, that the " Starbuck family "
have been and still are truly a " power in the land." Active, frugal, thriving,
prolific, infelligent, sober-minded, devout, they have long been and they con-
(iiiue to be a fountain of life and light to the region and the world. Few fami-
lies can be found so numerous and so long-lived. In 1862, the entire family of
eighteen children, the father and the step-mother, were alive— the oldest child
sixty-five, the youngest, twenty-three. Their united ages were then 957 years,
an average of forty-six years. And in 1880, the ages of the thirteen living
children made 778 years, averaging about si sty years— the oldest, eighty-three ;
the youngest forty-two.

With such facts before us, with the fact that hundreds of families, hardy,
robust, prolific, determined, aspiring, virtuous, pouring into our borders one
grand, cons(ant, perpetual inflowing stream of immigration, and of propaga-
(ion, it ceases tube a myslery how and why this whilom wasie and howling
Wilderness has come to be the " garden of the Lord ; " a fertile and beaudful

tlOn^RT S. FISHER.
E ibert !:' Fislier was bom in
WaMie County, Ind., north of
Fountain City, in 1834. His
early life was on his fatlier's old
homestead. His education was
obtained at U. L. Institute and
Earlham College ; as also be had
a commercial course at Rich-
mond, Ind. He taught school
several terms in Wayne and
Union Counties ; in 1860 enter-
ing the Winchester Bank in the
employ of James Moorman, and
soon showing marked ability.
The National Bank at Union
City was established in 1866,
with Edward Starbuck as Presi-
dent, and Robert S. Fisher as
Cadhier. For fifteen years he
was active aud efficient in all
public interests. He was a
member and a liberal supporter
of the M. E. Church and of the
\. M. C. A., giving freely of time
a;(J money in their help. He
W..S a meml>er of the I. 0. 0. F.
He v-as Uvici-' married, first to
Am '■ ndersou, second to Rosa
Cottom, both of Winchester, and
has had three children. Mr. F.

tA/^

fi

had gathered ajhandsome for luiie '
and was just in the meridian of
his business and moral acti\ity.
He had expressed to a friend his
intention to " lighten up on busi-
ness," arid give his time and
strength to benevolent work,
He was taken suddenly sick, and
died, after one week's illness,
April 8, 1880. Disease, typhoid
pneumonia. He said to Capt.
Jackson, his brother-in-law (who
has been for years very infirm in
health), " I have for years ex-
pected to see you go, and now
here you are seeing me die,
but it is all right. My work is
done !" He was buried in Union
City Cemetery, the funeral cere-
monies being conducted by Rev.
H. J. Meek, pastor, assisted by
Revs. Greenman, Lynch, Simp-
son, Vigus, and others, former
pastors. [Note.— The funeral
was during the session at this
place of tl)e Indiana Annual Con-
ference, and great numbers of
ministers aud laymen iVot
abroad were present] He Ic"
considerable fortune to be inhe;
ited by his surviving family.

Residence of the late ROBT. S. FISHER. North Howard St Union City Randolph, Co. Ind.

Mrs Esther Reeves.

L^^e^ot^

Residence OF Dr. JNO.L.REEYES. No. 77. Columbia St. Union City, Ind.

Residence of Wm.T. Worthington, Columbia St. Union City, Randolph Co. Ind.

flitCdu/fYi aill el.

^^^ ^.if^c^l^U

BENTLEY MASSLICH.
Bentley Masslich (of whom a brief notice has already been given

July 23, 1837, but he has been a resident of Union City, Ind., ever sinc'i

1859. Having learned the trade of a printer in his native State, he abandoi

on account of ill health, and came to Montgomery County, Ohio, engaging

Pennsylvania, where he was married AprffS, 1859, to Miss Louisa E. Bachman,
teachSr of French, German and music, in the Litiz Female Seminary. They
came almost immediately to Union City, where, for some years, he succeeded in
acquiring a scant livelihood, contending constantly with misfortune, sickness
and death, losing in six years three children, as also his wife, who died June 1,
1866. During this period, he was employed in the jewelry trade, in photograph-
ing, etc., buying, in March, 1864, an interest in the office of the Union City
Eagle, only a few months after it was established ; but so many newspaper en-
terprises having failed here, people had little faith in its permanency, and some
time elapsed before printing was remunerative and the paper on a paying basis.
Early in 1866, Mr. Masslich, who up to this time had had successively!. G. Dynes,
B. P. Diggs and George H. Bonebrake as partners, became sole proprietor of the

date foi

George W. Julii

October

if Col. Isaac P. Gray, as i

„-ess, Mr. Bonebrake favoring non.

. March 17, 1867. he was married to Miss Peninnah Wat-
■■ _ _ ~ jgj^j.

ir Fort Recovery, Ohio; but, in less than eighi
as his prey, and a month later snatched awaj

g Mr. M. 0

:oMi33 Lueia E. Farson, of Champaign, 111., by

daughter-Chester B., George B. and Nellie H.

For twelve auspicious and prosperous years, happiness and contentment have
marked their lot in life. As the editor of the Eagle, he has not been given to
dashing editorials, but he enjoys the satisfaction of believing that he has op-
posed, with considerable success, many schen^es and enterprises which seemed to
him of at least questionable utility, or absolutely hurtful tend
1 K„„„ i„,.„,„ „„!,„„„„ „_j .-]«. „_. ;.„„ "graveya

1. Among these

less fines; provide:

urch of Uni
1 building. He
lard of Trustees

Mr. M,

pal Church of Uni

church'- '""-
■ ~ - -- ,ees about seven years.

M. C. A. from the beginning of its e;

~ " (& E. L.'s, and as Secretary of both these

wing the first laken int(
;n Organist a large part of

refunds dues paid on forfeited stock,'

le time protecting the non-borrowers.
\ in is^n with the Methodist Episco-

fith(

!, 1847. Her father,

She spent the happy days of child-
■ early teachers being Mrs. Osborne,

father) and Wiley. In 1861, she
lere she attended the graded school

eighteen was given a position as

-tSon

o Champaign, ni,.

arried to Bentley

[tributed his share.

:e bright and affectioL

Mrs. Masslich united with the
Methodist Episcopal Church

G. W. PATCHELL.
Gteorge W., aon of James and
Mary A. Patehell, was bom March
10, 1858, in the city of Pittsburgh,
Penn. Hia father was born at Lon-
donderry, Ireland, and came to the
United States in 1847, when four-
teen years of age, where he followed
the trade of molding in iron. He
was married, at Pittsburgh, to Miss
Mary A. Fairboume, a native of
Derby, Eng., who came to the
United States with her parents
whenaninfant. In 1861, the father
enlisted as a private in the One
Hundred and Second Pennsylvania
Regiment, remaining in the Union
army until the close of the wox.
For gallant and meritorious service,
he was promoted, by successive
steps, from the ranks to the office
of Colonel, in which capacity he re-
turned home with his regiment;
he came with his family to Union
City, Ind., in 1867, where he still
resides. G-eorge, his son, and the
subject of this sketch, attended the
schools of Pittsbui^h until the re-
moval of the family to Union City,
and completed his cour.se of study
in the schools of this place. At the
age of sixteen years, he entered

M^-^^-^^^^i^^'^- ,

upon an apprenticeship at the print-
er's trade, in the office of the Union
TVmes, of which John Commons was
then editor. Three years later, he
purchased the TimM, and has ever
since continued as editor and pro-
prietor of this paper. Under his
management its sphere of useful-
ness has been extended, and it is
recognized among the leading and
influential journals of Eastern In-
diana. It is a faithful exponent of
the principles of the Republican
party, and enjoys a very satisfactory
circulation. Its editor, though a
young man, has developed marked
ability in his chosen profession, and
occupies a high rank in the journal-
iptic fraternity, while his social
standiiifj; is of the best. Mr. Patehell
was Olio of the charter members of
Invincible Lodge, Knights of Pyth-
ias, at Union City, and is still an
active and interested member of that
fraternity. He was married, on the
lltli of December, 18S0, to Miss
Lillie Butcher, a native of Union
City, and daughter of John Butcher,
Esq. She is an estimable lady, and
shares with her husband the regard
of a large circle of friends.

Residence OF GEO. W.PATCHELL.N.HowARD St. Union City. Ind.

F 0 F? ivi E R L Y, C A PT. CO K . -10' '' K E G T. O . V. I N F.

I

^^^

ALEX.A.KNAPP'S,

DKPOTOF PLU.'VIBCR'S & MACHINISTS S U P PLl ES. S EWER PIPE, FIRE B R!GK, VASES. STATUARY,
IMPORTED & AMf-:RlCAN CEMT.NT, PLASTER PARIS &c.

Crossing OF Columbia St. a Rail Road. Union City, Ind

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

ing with a population, ei
higher and still higher ii

land, flowing with milk and hone; ; a land

getio, aspiring, ambitious, auooeasful, rising

the scale of knowledge, virtue and prosperity, astonishing the world with mi

tipljing proofs of greatness.

One thing is especially worthy of note in this whole pioneer history, and

become strong and mighty. The colonies of the Greeks, the Romans, the Phe-
nicians of olden time; the hordes of Northern barbarians upon Southera Euro-
pean and Asiatic climes, all formed great cities and strong peoples, famous for
ages or even to the present day. Our whole land is one huge theater of emigration.
From St. Augustine, and Jamestown, and Plymouth, to ihe latest rude cabin of
the in-coming settler »in the wilds of Oregon, or to the sod-hut on the Kansas
pr»iric3, the vast flood of emigration sweeps with ceaseless flow across the land ;
and there are life and light and power in the movement. No matter how poor
and humble the emigration may be, the result is uniformly that the progeny,
near or more remote, becomes strong and noble. Many, nay most of the great
men and noble women of this mighty West, arc the sons and daughters of
' fathers and mothers who were poor, and not a few, very poor. Some who
have risen highest, have come up from the lowest depths of poverty ! This, to a
careless observer seems strange, yet it is an open secret. There is no mystery.
It takes energy, a desire for better things and a will to accomplish them
to make men emigmte; and these qualities, coupled indeed with virtue,
integrity, and thrift, is what brings heroic success. The grand results of this
world are produced by work, hardship, energy, frugality, perseverance, virtue;
and these are, as a rule, exactly what the pioneer pojsesses ; in fact, these are
what mokes him be a pioneer; and, having these, and what is better still, the
fear and love of God in the heart, he goes straight forward, and bravely hews
his way to triumphant success ! All honor to the resolute, hardy pioneer— the
sturdy, on-pushing emigraiii !

Let no purse-proud aristocrat, himself, mayhap, the son or grandson of
just such a poor emigrant ; let no wide-mouthed demagogue despise nor
decry the pioneer; nay, even though he may be poor, and low, and destitute ;
but let the haughty, rich and proud bow his head r.alher in reverent honor, as
passes by his gilded mansion the covered, tattered wagon of the weary emigrant,
drawn by gaunt and bony horses, or by slow and plodding oxen; the wagon
filled with rosy girls, and followed by tramping, rollicking, barefooted boys,
let him bow his head in honor of the future kings and queens of this wide-
spreading land ! Far worthier such a sight of honor and profound respect,
than to see a fawning sycophant crawling for votes : or a wily, smooth-tongued,
base-hearted demagogue, luring the •' dear people " to assist his aspiring steps
to climb over their heads to high and lucrative positions, which he is no wise
competent to fill. Well says the poet:

" Is there for honest poverty,

Who hangs his head and a' that?
The coward slave, we pass him by ;
We dare be poor for a' that.
For a' that, and a' that,

) obscure, and a' that.

The rsi
The I

le gowd, for a' that

His riband, star, and a' that,
The man of independent mind,
He looks and laughs at a' that.

" A king can mak' a belted knight,

A marquis, duke, and a" that ;

But an honest man's aboon his might.

Quid faith, he oanna do that.

For a' that, and a' that,

Their dignities, and a' that.
The pith o' sense, and pride o' worth
Are higher ranks than a' that !

" Then le

18 pray tl

11 for

That sense and worth, o'er all the earth
May bear the gree, and a' that.
For a' that, and a' that.

It's comin' yet, for a' that.
That man to man, the warld o'er.
Shall brithers be and a' that ! "
JOHN S. STARBUCK is a son of Edward Starbuck, banker (late of Union
CSly, Ind.). He was born in Wayne County, Ind., in IHtO ; came to Union City
in 1803;' married Khoda A. Robertson in 18B5, and Sirah A. Zinn in 1874.
He hM four children. Mr. 8. was a farmer till IStiS, then a wholesale grocer

(including eggs, butter and poultry; — at first, J. Starbuck & Co., but for ten
years, alone. The business was extensive and prosperous. It is really wonder-
ful how greit the egg, butter and poultry business has come of late years to
be. Some claim the trade to be greater than the pork trade or the wheattrade.
At any rate it has grown to be immense. And it is another curious fact, how
so small a town as Union City should be able to boast two among the largest
and most important establishments of the kind in the United States. Mr.
Starbuck employs from eight to sixteen hands. He is a Methodist and a Re-
publican ; was for several years Superintendent of the Methodist Episcopal
Sundoy School in Union Ciiy, and is in all respects a valuable oiliien, an ac-
tive Christian and a reliable man, a worthy son of an excellent, estimable and
deeply lamented sire. Mr. S., in the spring of 1882, sold out his packing es-
tablishment, and after he engaged in handling coal for awhile, in September,
1882, he became a member of a company for manufacturing and handling a new

the free escape of heat during warm weather from stoves used for cooking, etc.
JOHN W. STARBUCK, druggist, is the youngest son of Edward Starbuck,
Sr., late of Wayne County, Ind. He has been twice married, and has five
children. He has resided in Union City for many years, being for a long time
a plasterer by trade. He went into the drug business ; has been a pirlner
with his eldest son James for some eight or ten years, and for about two years
with another son, both establishments being in Union City. Mr. 8. is a prom-

leading member of the Disciple Church, and is

e Republic!

B. F. W. STEWART, born in Butler County, Ohio, in 1830, came to Darke
County, in 1832, and to Union City, Ind., in ISBO. He married Amanda
Powell in 1849, Martha Robbins in 1865, and Mary C. Johnson in 1865, and he
has had twelve children, eight of whom are living. He was in early life a
farmer, but has been for years in the grocery business, in connection with sev-
eral firms, Stewort & Bunch, Stewart .>i Strong, Stewart & Swain, Stewart
alone, Stewart & Stout, twenty years in all. He has been a member of the
Disciple Church for thirty-seven years. He is an Elder, and has been for six
years Secretary of the Disciple Sunday School in Union City. He is a Repub-
lican. Mr. Stewart in the winter of 1881-82, sold out his share in the firm of
Stewart & Stout; but in March, 1882, he entered a new firm with Mr. Wright

the basis of ready pay.

GOTTFRIED STUMPPF, born in Wiirtcmberg. Germany, in 18.13, came to
Philadelphia in 18.53; went to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1864, to Logan County,
Ohio in 1857, and came to Union City, Ind., in 1863. lie married Louisa
Ruckwiedt in 1863 (who died in 1878j. They have had six children. He
runs a bakery, grocery and eating saloon. He is a Lutheran in religion and
a Democrat in politics.

W. H. SWAIN was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1822, married
Eliza Jane Bales in 1844 ; came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1833. and to Union
City, Ind., in 18Gd. He has six children, five living. He was a farmer and
carpenter till he came to this place. First (at Union City) a grocer, eleven or
twelve years— Stewart ,\: Swain, Swain & Anderson, Swain & Piatt, Wiley &.
Swain, then alone. Since 1876, Swain & Piatt have been booksellers and
stationers. This firm is, perhaps, the leading firm of the kind in this county.
Mr. Swain is of a quiet, retiring disposition, yet fond of a joke, not aspiring
but respected and reliable. He has been Trustee, Councilman, Assessor, and,
doubtless, if he would permit, would be selected for other important trusts.
He IS in politic.^ a Republican.

GEORGE W. SUTTON was born in Pittslon, Penn., December 7, 1845.
He was raised on a farm, and educated in the common schools. In 1863, when
but little post seventeen years of age, he enlisted in the Thirteenth Regiment
New York Cavalry, anil served two and a half years. He learned the plas-
terer's trade, which he followed for a short time. In 1867, he came to Union
City, Ind., and has been engaged in various kinds of business, being
lately the senior of the firm of Sutton & Law, grocers, of Union City. He is
married and has one child, his wife's maiden name having been Clara A.
Randall, of Doyton, Ohio.

WILLIAM THOKE (TOKAV) is a native of Germany, born in Hesse-
Schomburg in 1826, and one of a family of nine children. His parents ai

then

nGeru

isel, a

His

!r and mother

sixty.tl

englh was s<

diately to Dayton, Ohio, and, in a year, he went to Greenville, and, after six
months, to New Madison ; thence after twenty-one months to Union City in
1856. At this place he has resided ever since. He learned the tailor's trade
from his father in Germany, and has followed that business all his life. In
Union City, he first had a shop for seven years ; was foreman for Bowers four-
teen years, and during four years past he has carried on a shop of his own
again. He married Catharine Schmidt in 1866, and they have had five chil-
dren, four of whom are living. He belongs to tlie German Lutheran Church,
and is a respected, industrious, thriving citizen, and a valuable member of
society. His wife, Catharine Schmidt, is a native of Hesse-Cossel, in Germany,
born in 1834. She came to America in 1864, landing at New York and coming
to Greenville, Ohio. Her father, Simon Schmidt, was a blacksmith. She was
married to Mr. Thoke two years after her arrival in this country.

JOSEPH TRITT, father of Tilghman Tritt, was born about 1791 in Mary-
land ; was twice married, having nine children. They emigrated to Greene
County, Ohio, in 1843, afterward to Champaign County, Ohio,, near Urbana,
and still again to Illinois, where he died some years ago. He was a carpenter,
and some of the time a merchant ; prominent iji jmililary circles, holding offi-
cial position in the militia, and an active, upright, sober-miuded, influential

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

TILGHMAN TRITT is the son of Joseph Triit, of Maryland, and born
there, in the town of Frederick, in 1S28: came to Ureene County, Ohio, in
1843; married Elizabeth Rockfield in 1847; came to Union City iu 1853 ;
moved to Nebraslsa in 1S7I ; returned lo Union City in 1873, and still resides
there. He has had four children. He h:i.s, in the course of his life, engaged
in many occupations, havin,; been undertaker, cabinet-maker, carpenter,
butcher, grocer, bridge-builder, saw-miller, millwright, etc. For seven years,
Mr. Tritt was Superintendent of Bridges on the 15ee-Line Railroad, and the
.«ame on the " Pan-Handle " Railroad for three years; he was builder of
bridges on the Midland Pacific Railroad in Nebraska for three years, and has
worked largely as a millwright ever since 1847. Jlr. Trilt is of Dutch and
French descent ; is a moral, upright citizen, a steady church-goer, a reliable
business man, and a worthy sad excellent member of the body politiu.

CHARLES a. TRITT, grocer, meat merchant, carriage factory, was born
in 18.52 in Greene County, Uhio; came to Union City, Ind., in 1850; went to
Nebraska in 1869, and returned to Union City in 1871. His education was
obtained at the public schools, at Ridgeville College and Whitewater Seminary.
He was a grocer from 1871 lo 1881; firms, Tritt & Robbins, .MoNeal & Trilt,
Tritt & Griffis. doing a business of $35,000 to |40,00n a year. This grocery is
the second oldest one in town. Mr. Tritt, in 1881, established the butcher
business under the firm of Tritt & Julian, sold bis part of the grocery to Mr.
Vinson and went into a carriage factory with James Starbuck and Pierre Gray.
He married in 1880; is a member of the ULsoiple Congregation, a Republican,
an active business man and an estimable citizen. It will be seen from this
statement that Mr. Tritt has spent nearly his whole life as a resident of the
town either as lad, youth or man, and he seems proud to show his youthful
associates and his maturer friends that his early training has not been for
nought. He is during the summer of 1882 erecting a commodious and tasteful
residence upon a curious and unique pattern, combining, it is to be hoped,
both cultured elegance and substaniial comfort.

FREDERICK TREUDLEY, Superintendent Union City Schools, is a young
m.^n, a graduate of one of the colleges of Indiana and a successful instructor.
He came to Union City in the fall of 1879, taking a position in the
High School. Upon the death of Prof. Giles F. Meade, in February, 1880, Mr.

of 1880, he was married .^nd they li!
is a gentleman of pleasing address, of good talents and fine culture
Christian, being a member of the Disciple Church, and euei-getio

ildre

He

tends t

enlhus

s profess

0 promote
by his pupils, ana sianuing nign in me esiimaiion oi lu.s leiiow-ciiizens.

ENOS H. TURPEN, grocer, born in Warren Ooiinly, Ohio, in 1820 ; was
brought to Darke County in 1828, and came to Greenville, Ohio, to learn the
tailor's trade in 1843 : worked at Ilhaca, Dallas and New Madison seven years ;
set up as a grocer in Union Oil y, Ind., in 1850, and during ten years he was
alone in business, but since 1806 the firm has been composed of C. H. Turpen
and William Harris, under (he style of Turpen & Harris. His wife's name was
Julia Breitman, and they have had five children. The firm carry on a large
grocery and produce business, including as a specialty the department of but-
ter, egg^ and poultry. This branch of their operations has grown to be very
extensive. The money handled by them therein exceeds $500,000 in a single
year. They are thought to be (as gatherers and shippers of these commodities)
at least second, and possibly first, in the United Slates. They employ thirty
hands, not reckoning the host of wagoners, peddlers, etc., concerned in the
work at large. Their business extends over a large portion of the Western
country. Mr. T. has been for over forty years an acceptable meniber of the
U. E. Church, and his worthy and estimable lady is especially noted and be-
loved for her activity and efficiency in the work of religion and of benevolence
in general. Mr. Turpen Is an intelligent and industrious man of business,
who, by careful economy and close attention to aH'airs as well as by tact and
skill, has succeeded, by the steady help of his efficient and wide-awake partner, in
establishing a solid, substantial business,' and in acquiring a genteel and
creditable income.

JOHN C. VAN NUYS was born near Bethel, Wayne Co.. Ind., in 1830;
has resided at Bethel, Richmond .and Union City, and has been for many years
a cabinet-maker and undertaker. He now follows the undertaking business
in connection with Mr. Weymire, who has lately bought out Col. Isaac W. Snell.
for many years employed in that department of business tn Union City. Mr.
V. married Elizabeth Porch, and they have one child. He is a member of the
Disciple Church, and is, in politics, a Republican. A brother of his, Cornelius
Van Nuys, employed in the luiuber works of Witham, Anderson & Co., was
fatally wounded in the establishment belonging to that firm in October, 1881.
A large quantity of lumber piled up (under his own supervision) behind his
post of labor in the 8hon,'fell forward upon him, forcing him suddenly upon
the saw in motion at which he was working. He was badly cut about the face
and head, and also seriously wounded in the body and loins by the mass of
lumber striking him as it fell. He lingered some thirty-six hours and sank in
death, leaving a stricken wife and weeping children to mourn in bitterness of
grief the fearful and fat.il catastrophe.

WILLIAM A. WILEV was born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1834. When
two months old, his father moved to Illinois, and in a year they returned
eastward, settling in White County, Ind., among the ludians. Afternine years,
nto Howard County, Ind., and in a short time his father died at

Cou:

r twenty-eight, being the first w

I still ai

The first boots

vard earned his owi

cry little schooling in youth.

prising thirteen farailcs travel-
ntry, .Minnesota, young Wiley
went. On reaching the Mis-

sissippi, taking a steamboat he passed up the river, after which, with a, single
comr.ade he"tramped" over portions of Minnesota, Ne'oraska and Iowa. They
traveled on foot, sleeping often onthe ground under the open sky. His advent-
ures were many, being much among the Indians who were hostile in feeling.
Once between Faribault and Canon City in Minnesota, he met a rough and
savage Sioux Indian, with painted face and warrior costume. He says, " I
saw him coming; terribly scared, I walked on nevertheless, till as he came near,
he looked so hideous that 1 stopped. He came up, and, as he passed, I ' shied '
off and gave him the road. He turned toward me, and I gave a fearful spring.
The savage fellow gave a loud, rough laugh, and went on, and I went on, too.
He had a rifle and 1 had nothing, but he was not so hostile as I had feared; I
was in the Spirit Lake country, just after the massacre in that region, and the
ludians were hostile, and great fear was on the people. After seven months,
I returned to Indiana, attended school, became myself a successful instructor,
teaching at Bethel. Wayne County, Union City, Randolph County, and else-
where." His teaching life was from 1859 till 18fj2. In 1800, he married Sarah
Elizabeth, daughter of Felix G. Wiggs, and tli^y have had two children, one of
whom survives. Since 1862, Mr. Wiley has been a farmer, a merchant and a
grain dealer. He is an active and influential member of the Disciple Church
at Union City, having been chorister for five years, and Superintendent of the
Sunday school for nine years. He is also an efficient friend and supporter of
education. For eight years, he has been a member of the City School Board
of Union City, and in 1881 he was elected for three years longer. He has been
City Clerk. His training was Democratic and his first vote was for James
Buchanan, but, ever since " Republicanism " has been his political faith. Mr.
Wiley is an influential citizen, energetic in every matter of public welfare, and
greatly esteemed by his fellow-townsmen. His father was Ezekiel F. Wiley,
the son of William Wiley, Esq., who was the brother of Rev. Thomas Wiley,
an %arly pioneer and preacher of Jackson Township, whose fame as a mis-
sionary is in all the region. W. A. W. is now doing business in Chicago, III.
RUFUS A. WILLSON, born 1818, Greenwich, N. Y.j Muncie, Ind., 1841;
married Mary S. Dresser. I849,andhashad six children. They moved to Union
City, February 2, 18.53. Mr. Willson left home at seventeen, went to Troy,
N. Y., as clerk for Messrs. Merritt, wholesale and commission grocery store
three and one-half years, 1835-38; at home and school, and clerk in Columbian
Hotel, Saratoga Springs, N. Y., 1838-43. At Muncie, Ind., he was Deputy
Treasurer eight years, assisting also in the Auditor's office. At Union City, he
became railroad agent, first for all three roads. He opened the first set of
railroad books in Ihe place, as also he had the express business. In 1856, he
became agent of Dayton & Union Railroad, continuing for eleven years. Kuntz &
Willson established a lumber yard, 1807-73, becoming the most extensive in
the State. Mr. Willson has retired from active business. He is a worthy
citizen, and an estimable man. Mrs. Willson is a most excellent lady, a worthy
Presbyterian, and is highly esteemed by those who know her. Mr. Willson has
been at ditferent limes a member of the City Board. In politics, he is a Dem-
ocrat of longstanding. In Iho fall of 1880, Mr. Willson resumed business as
a lumber-dealer with his former partner, Peter Kuntz. The location of Ibis
new lumber yard is just e.asl of the Ohio line, immediately north of the rail-

TlioMAS T. WILLSON, photographer. Union City, was born Trumball
County, Ohio, of Scotch-Irish descent, in 1834. He came to Hardin County,
Ohio, in 1835, and to Union City, Ind., in 1860. In 1861, he married Sarah
J. Kcrschner, and they have had four children. He was a photographer
for thirty-two years. He spent a considerable time in traveling in the practice of
his business; working at Lima, Ohio; Fort Wayne, Ind.; Dubuque, Iowa;
Springfield, Urbana, Bellefontaine, Sidney, Dayton, etc., 1849-1860; came then
to Union City, and resided in that town for twenty-two years. He was an I.
0. O. F., and a Democrat. Mr. Willson is a quiet, industrious, thriving
citizen. Mr. Willson died in September, 1882. His wife was born in Bed-
ford (Jounty, Penn., in 1840, was brought to Darke County, Ohio, in the same
year, was married in 1801, and has carried oii a milliner's shop since 1877.

WILLIAM T. WORTHIXGTON
was born at Fredericksburg, Trumbull Co., Ohio, July 18, 1837. His father,
Elias Worthington, was a native of Lancaster County, and his mother, whose
maiden name was Eliza Ann Atkins, of Chester County, Penn. His paternal
grandfather was William AVorthington, being a native of Lancaster County,
Penn., who had eight children, Elias 'NVorthington being the youngest of the
group, who are mostly residents of Pennsylvania, so far as living. Mr. Worth-
inglon's father had seven children, two boys and five girls, six of them being
still alive, to wit, one son and five daughters. Elias Worthington died in 1869,
having been horn in 1805 ; and his wife in 1855, her birth having occurred in
1810. E. Worthington was a man in humble life, his vocation being that of
a carpenter, earning an honorable and comfortable living by the labor of his
hands. In politics, he was a Democrat, Both his wife and himself lie buried
in the cemetery at St. Mary's, Auglaize County, Ohio. They moved from
Eastern Ohio to Dayton in 1838, and to St. Mary's in 1850, at which place, as
already slated, they both died. William, leaving homo at the age of sixteen,
went to New Madison, Ohio, in 1853, remaining there till 1856, to acquire the
business of carriage-making. In that year, he changed his residence to Addi-
son, Ohio; and the next year he became a citizen of Randolph County, Ind.,
settling in what was then the new but energetic little town of Union City, since
which time (1857) his residence has continued at that place. After seven more
years of single blessedness, he took lo wife Miss Sarah M. Roas, and they have
been the parents of three children. At Union City, he has followed various
pursuits. Among them have been the ones stated below, viz.: wagon-making,
seven years; selling drugs, one year ; grocery trade, one year; millinery, several
years; wholesale notions, three years; general trading, three years. He now
deals in org in», buggies and sewing machines, doing an extensive and profitable
business. In 1857 (March 10), he joined the New-School Presbyterian Church,
but shortly after coming to Union City, he united with the Methodist Episcopal

WAYNE TOWNSHIP.

465

Church, of which body he has been for twenty -four years a member, and an
office bearer for about twenty years. Mr. Worthiogton is an active and earnest
Republican, a public-spirited citizen and altogether a valuable member of the
community. Quiet, gentle and unassuming in his manners and habits, he is
nevertheless, energetic and successful in business ; and, by patient and as-

twenty years, and having but $40 in the world, he has become prom-
inent and respected, possessing a competence in this world's goo Is, and com-
manding the respect and confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens.

Sarah M. (Ross) WoaTiiiNOTON, the wife of Mr. William T. Worlhinglon,
was born in Holmes County, Ohio, February 0, 1840, being one of ten children,
six girls and four boys. Her father, Reynolds Ross, dying when she was only
four years old, her mother, Eliza (Boone) Ross, supposed to have been a dis-
tant relative of Daniel Boone? the famous Kentucky pioneer hunter, was left on
a farm to train and rear her numerous flock, a task which she performed worth-
ily and well, as their subsequent lives have abundantly shown. Of the four
sons, three were soldiers in the Union army, and one, a Captain, was severely
wounded. Five of the daughters are living, all of whom have become estimable
women and beloved and affectionate wives. Learning the business of millinery
at the age of siiteen at Millersburg, she came to Union City, Ind., about 1863,
and, after following her chosen vocation during a single year, she became the
wife of Mr. William T. Worthington, her present husband. After a year's in-
termission, she again resumed her favorite occupation, and during twelve pros-
perous and successful years she continued therein, adding largely, moreover, by
her industry and skill, to their otherwise considerable possessions. Their first
child was born September 16, 1870, a daughter, Myrtle E., whose life, however,
soon faded away, to bloom afresh in Paradise. May 1st, 1873, two others were
born— William Harris and Nellie M. The daughter died in July of the suc-
ceeding year, hut Harry, though feeble and sickly for a time, bids fair to re-
cover, Mrs. Worthington having for years been a worthy and acceptable com-
municant in the Presbyterian Chui;cb, transferred her relation to the .M. i;.
society, of which her husband had long been an efficient member. Blessed i
with a good stock of common sense, with activity, foresight and skill, .Mrs. j
Worthington is recognized as n leader in social life, being highly esteemed, both
in the church and out of it, for her active co operation in all good things. Es- j
pecially is she untiring in rendering assistance to the sick and afflicted, whether j
rich or poor. To-day scores of families have reason to bless her gentle minis-
trations and her loving sympathy. Mrs. Worthington is a faithful companion, I
a devoted mother, a reliable friend, an earnest Christian and an efficient co- i
laborer in every praiseworthy enterprise. Long may she survive to be an i
honor to her sex and a steadfast helper in all that is useful and excellent.

WILLIAM WttlGHF, underuiker, was born in liutler County, Dhio, in
1831; was brought to Wayne County, Ind., in 1831; moved to Randolph County,
Ind. (near Spartansburg), in 1863; came to Union City, ind., in 186.5; married
.Jane Kerlinger, who was raised in Maryland, and they have had three children. ,
He has been carpenter, stock-dealer, hotel-keeper, undertaker, furniture dealer, j
and is now employed in the two last mentioned. Mr. AVright is a member of i
the Disciple Church, a Republican, and a steady, industrious, thriving, estima- '
ble; reliable citizen. One of his eons, in the spring of 1882, became a member
of the grocery firm of Stewart & Wright, and they appear to be doing a safe and
satisfactory business.

JOHN W. WILLIAMS.
James Williams, the father of this gentleman, was an early settler and prom-
March, 1800, and died at Erie, in the same State, in' March, 1861, having been
identified for many years with the mercantile interests of that city. He was
the son of Isaac Williams, a survivor of the Wyoming m.ossacre. His wife,
whose maiden name was Mary Davis, was the daughter of George Davis, Esq.,
Mercer l.'ounty Penn.; she survived her husband six years, dying at Erie in

1867.

John W., the suhject of this skeic
Penn. , and received his early education
course of study at the Erie Academy.

1841,

tered the office of John B. Johnson as a student of law. Finishing his course
of study in two and a half years, he left home to locate in the West; but at
this juncture came the outbreak of the great rebellion, changing somewhat the
plans he had formed. During the first year of the war (1861), he was con-
nected with Capt. R. .M. Brown, of the Fifteenth United Slates Infantry, at the
recruiting and mustering rendezvous at Erie, Penn., his early home. In March,
1863, at the solicitation of Col. William Truesdail, Chief of Army Police, under
Gen. Rosecrans, he connected himself with the Army Police, Department of the
('umherlnnd. Gen. W. S. Rosecrans commanding, holding the position of Pro-
vost Judge of the Provost Marshal General's Department. This branch of the
service (the Army Police) had control and supervision of all things connected
with the Secret Service — sending out spies and scouta, and detecting crime and
other misdemeanors within the army proper. He continued in that branch of
the service until December, 18fi3, when he was Uken ill with fever at Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., and removed to the hospital at Nashville At the latter place he
lay ill for several weeks, and voluntarily retired from the service for the pur-
pose of recuperating his health. Upon partially regaining his strength, he re-
paired to St. Louis, Mo., to unite himself again with the same branch of the
service, under Gen. Rosecrans, who was then commanding the Department of
the Missouri; and from St. Louis went to Fort Leavenworth. Kan .where he was
appointed Ctiief Clerk of the Provost .Marshal General's Office, Department of
Kansas, Gen. S. It. Curtis, commanding. He continued to act in this capacity
until about the 1st of September, 1865, by which time the war was ended, and
all volunteer troops mustered out. This branch of the service had supervision
and control of the entire scout system across the plains throughout Kansas and
the Territories, and as Chief Clerk, Mr. Williams had charge of the assignment
of scouts to their respective. posts of duty. During the fall and winter of 1865
and the spring of 18BG he traveled extensively through the South and West, and
inApril, 1866, connectedhimself with the Omaha(Neb.) Republican&s editor, oc-
cupying this position until July, 18G6. He retUTjied to Kansas at that time to en.
gage in the practice of the law at Junction City, in Davies County, where he re-
sided until 1872, practicing his profession and holding the office of United
SUtes Commissioner for the Western District of Kansas. In 1872. he located
at Marion Center,in .Marion County, Kan., where he practicedhis profession until
the summer of 1881, removing at that time to Union City, Ind., where he still
resides. While a resident of .Marion Center, Kan., on the 3d of May, 1876, he
was united in marriage with .Mrs. Margaret Casper, daughter of Chris and
.Mary Kinsler, of Ohio, and widow of William i;'asper, deceased.

.Mr. Williams was what might be called one of the pioneer citizens of
Western Kansas, and at the date of his removal to Junction (Sty, that p^int was
the farthest point west on the Kansas Pacific Railway (the first railway in the
State), which had then barely reached thit place. To a large extent. Junction
City was the principal shipping point for supplies to New Mexico, Colorado and
the Western borders. During his residence here he held various positions of
elective trust, and was recognized among the leading citizens. During his iden-
tity with the State of Kansas iu its early history, the position in which he was
placed gave him an acquaintance with many of the prominent and leading front-
iersmen who liave become famous and are now widely known, among them be-
ing Kit Carson, James Bridger, James B. Hickock, John Harvey, Blunt, and
others of equal note; and a useful store of knowledge was acquired by not in-
frequent mingling with the various tribes of Indians who inhabited the western
border of Kansas, and now occupy the Indian Territory. Mr. Williams may
fairly be called a Western man. He has traveled largely through the Indian
Territory, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, and all the Territories lying east of
the Rocky .Mountain range, and is familiar, from actual observation, with that
country in its general outline. He imbibed largely of that spirit of daring and
love of adventure which characterizes the citizens of the West, and has often
run dangerous risks to gratify this propensity. Once, with a few companions,
he traveled a number of miles in the saddle to witness a pitched battle between
the Cheyenne and Kaw tribes of Indians, and was one of two while persons
who witnessed the pitched fight between the Otoes and the Kiowas at a later date.
Since his removal to Union City, he has practiced his profession very success-
fully, while he has established himself firmly in the estimation of all who know
him, and is counted among the best citizens.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

Stony Creok includes parts of Townships 19 and 20, Range
12 east, as also some sections in Range 13, embracing in all
twenty-nine and one-half sections; iive miles north and south ex-
cept Section 7, near the southelist corner and five and one half
miles east and west, and containing about l(i,9!i() acres. It takes
the lower course of Little White River, of Stony Creek and of
Cabin Creek and a part of tlie valley of White River. The sec-
tions are as follows: Township 19, Range 12, Sections 1 to 5
and 8 to 12, inclusive; Township 20, Range 12, vSectiona 21 to
29 and 32 to 30, inclusive; Township 19, Range 13. Section 0;
Township 20, Range 13, Sections 19, 30 and 31,

Entries for Stonv Creek Towushij) up to (not including 1830)
appear as given hJrewith: Morgan Mills, W. N. E. 19, 20, 13,
April 11, 1821: Robison McIntjTC, W. N. W. 19, 20, 13, Octo-
ber 17, 1S21; Robison Molntyre, E. S. E. 19, 20, 13, October
17, 1821; John Connor, W. S. E. 5, 19, 12, October 31, 1822;
David Vestal, S. W. T,, 19. 12, October 31. 1822; Isaiah Meu-
denhall, W. N. E. 30, 20, 12, November 22, 1822; William
Diggs, Jr.. S. E. 2, 19, 12. November 22,1822; Robert Scott, S.
N. W. 12. 19, 12, November 2,"), 1822: Tarlton Moorman, S. W.
12, 19, ]2, November 2o. 1822; James Moorman, E. S. E. 22,
20, 12, November 25, 1S22: James Moorman, W. S. W. 22, 20,
12, November 22. 1822; Isaac Branson, W. S. W. 10, 19, ]2,
November 28, 1822; Jolm Connor, N. W. 8, 19, 12, February 11,
1823; Samuel Whitucre.W. S. E. 32, 20, 12, May 9, 1S23; Abra-
ham Clevenger, W. N. W. 10. 19, 12, August 23. 1823: George
\V. Smithson, E. S. E. .">. 19, 12. October 21. lfS23: Henrv Wal-
ter. S..W. 19, 20, 13, November 15. 1823: John Thornliurg, E.
S. E. 32. 20, 12. July 31. 1821: William Moore, E. S. E. 33,
20. 12. June 30, 1825: Lemuel Vestal. E. S. E. 29. 20, 12, Feb-
ruary 10, 1825; Samuel Clevenger. AV. S. W. 4. 19, 12. Soptom-
ber 11. 1820; Joab Thornbm-g. S. N. E. 4. 19, 12. September

11. 1820; Joab Thornburg. E. S. E. 4. 19. 12. Seiitember 11.
1820; Jonathan Freer. W. S. AV. 2, 19. 12, March 10. 1827;
Joab Thornburg, AV. S. AV 3. 19. 12. September 12, 1827;
Morgan Mills, AV. S. E. 23. 20, 12, April 4. 1828; Sanuiel Cle-
veugcr, AV. N. AV, 33. 20, 12, August 23, 1828; Jacob Reals, E.
N. E. 20. 20. 12, October 21. 1828; William Holloway, S. N. E.
3, 19, 12, November 12, 1828; John Fisher, E. S. AV. 3, 19, 12,
November 12. 1S2S; David Hoss. S. A\'. 31, 20, 13, January 2,
1829; David Fo.x, S. W. 8. 19, 12, February 10, iS29; James
Driver, E. N. E. 24. 20, 12, March 19, 1829; Solomon R.
AVright, E. S. AV. 23, 20, 12, April 28, 1829: -John Holloway, S.
N. W. 3, 19, 12, June 12. 1829; AVilliam Holloway, N. N. E. 2,
19, 12, June 12, 1S29: Amos Smith, E. N. E. 28, 20, 12, June

12. 1829; Jacob Reals, AV. N. AV. 25, 2, 12, June 18, 1829;
John Thornburg, AV. S. E. 29, 29. 12, September 10, 1829; John
Thoiuburg, AV. N. A\'. 35, 20, 12, November 21. 1829; Benjamin
Garrettson, E. N. E. 32, 20, 12, November 2] . 1829; Isaac Thorn-
burg, AN'. N. E, 27, 20,12, November 21, 1829; Isaac Thornburg,
E. N. AV. 27, 20, 12. November 21, 1829; George and Samuel
AIcNees, AN'. S. E. 24. 20, 12. December 17, 1829. Totals as
follows : 1 821 , three entries, 240 acres : 1822, nine entries. 841 . 63
acres; 1823, live entries, 399.46 acres; 1824, one entn'. 80 acres;
1825, two entries, 160 acres; 1820. three entries, "240 acres;
1827, two entries, 100 acres; 1828, five entries, 400 acres; 1829,
fom-teen entries, 1, 108.04 acres. Total, 44 entries, 3, 709.03 acres.

Of these, thirty-nine entries were of 80 acres, two for 100
acres, one for 128.04 acres, one for 118,80 acres, one for 41.03
acres, one for 40.20 acres. Thus it wll bo seen that the entries

e made mostly by men of only moderate means. Tlie town-

ship lie

chiefly o

Stony and Cabin Creeks and White River,

containing a fine body of land, and being well .settled with sub-
I stantial improvements. The surface is level or rolling, heavily
I timbered at first, but now mostly cleared. The streams are per-
, manent, affording abundant water and considerable power for
I machinery, especially upon Cabin and Stony Creeks. The mill
I upon Stony Creek near AVinisor is thought to have been the fifth
I mill in the county, perhaps, as follows: Sample's Mill, Sample-
; town; LeWallyn'd Mill, on Mississinewa, near Ridgeville.
: Jessup's Mills, on Greenville Creek, below Spartansburg;
I Jere Cox's Mill, on AVhite River, east of AVinchester; AA'indsor
j Mill, on Stony Creek, just above its mouth. The mills in Stony
I Creek Township, ot-. Stony aud Cabi.; Creeks, have always beeu
i and still are important ai.d valuable.

! The tow! ship co: tains several pikes— AVindsor & AVinches-
j ter, north part of the township; Farmland pike, south of Farm-
i laud; Losantsville pike, south from AA'indsor pike, and perhaps
I others.

1 The place and the time of the first settlement in the township
: cannot now be determined with absolute certainty. It has been
I claimed that John Thornburg, near AA^indsor, was the first settler,
[ and that the time was 1823. Both of these would seem to be
I errors. John Thornbiurg did not come before about 1825, and
; when he came he found a considerable number of settlers already
i in the county. His son, Armfield Thornburg, a sprightly old
1 ]uan residing at AVindsor, who was a lad several years old when his
; father came to the county, states as follows: AVhen my father
: came to Randolph County and settled near AVindsor in 1825, the
I following settlere were already on hand: John Castine and Solo-
I mon Hobaugh, his son-inlaw. and Jolm Coons, all of whom
came in 1822; David A'^estal, who had been elected Squire, Jo-
sei^h Rooks and Abraham Clevenger, all of whom came in 1823 ;
i John Connor in 1824, George AV. Smithson in 1825.
I Note. — Isaac Branson came before all these, and hi.s widow
i says ho came iu 1819. He sold out to Joseph Rooks, and must
have been there and sold out to Joseph Rooks and moved to Net-
tle Creek before this time.

Probably, either David A'^estal or Isaac Bran.son was the first
, ■ actual bona fide settler, and Branson moved away soon, first to
i Nettle Creek and not very long afterward to Delaware County, and
\ David Vestal sold out after several years to John Thornburg, and
I moved away to White Lick, below Indianapolis, in 1831, and
I died there. The Thornburgs, Job, Joab and John, all came in
; 1825, the first two of whom are living yet where they settled.
I Others came soon after, among whom were Randolph Smullen
and AVilliam Moore in 1820, and perhaps others.

Some of the persons named as early settlers were only "squat-
ters," and moved on into the woods before the advancing wave
of settlement. Lemuel Vestal came in 1825, and with him John
Demory, a freeman of color from Carolina, of whom mention is
made elsewhere; Vestal undertook to build a mill near Windsor,
I as told in another place. Others may be mentioned as follows:
; John Hines and Paul Reagan in 1826; AVesley Terrell in 1827;
1 Amos Smith and Benjamin Garretson in 1828; Solomon AVright
i in 1829, John Bond and Andrew G. Dye in 1831. Still others
I had already or did soon come, to wit: John Holloway, AA'illiam
[ Holloway, Jonathan Finzer. John Clevenger, Jonathan Cleven-
j ger, John Diggs.

j Jacob McNees settled near Georgetown in 1829 ; Isaac Amburn
I came in west of Georgetown in the same yeai'. Others had doubt-
j less taken up their residence here, of whom no account has been
i obtained.

i Stony Creek was settled largely at first by the Society of
■ Friends, and to this day a very strong body of that people remain

>IaJ

y:-t>JP*-^|( STO:VY

i^^*5il:ff

!.::-''ki

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

within its limits. Cedar and Poplar Run Mpotings are both in
Stony Creek, and very many of the honored pioneers of that sec-
tion worshiped in these sanctuaries, and now lie awaiting the
"Archangel's trump" in the humble inclosure of the dead which
are near those sacrod places of humble waiting upon the Spirit
of the Lord. In life they spent their years in quiet industry
and patient and sincere obedience to the guidance of the voice
within; now for those earnest, steadfast souls, faith has been
changed to sight and struggling prayer to triumphant praise.
The first school in the township was' taught in 1820 by Moses
Hodson, then a young man, still living, but young no longer, his
home being in Delaware County, four or five miles from Windsor.
The schoolhonse stood between Joab and John Thornburg's.
There were perhaps twenty pupils. Armtield Thornbnrg, that
tells the story, was one of them.

Solomon Wright tells some (jueer tales " out of school " con-
cerning the pupils and the teachers of " auld lang syne." one in
particular, how the girls on the last day of school tore down the
dirt back-wall of the stick chimney belonging to the cabin
schoolhouse, and scattered the clay all over the ])uncheon floor..

Like other new and pioneer regions, Stony Cn-ek has its tra-
ditions of odd and queer things taking place amid the mighty
shadow of the giant forest. Of one early settler it is related
that he had a family of fourteen children, and that another set-
tlor, a neighbor, going in early jane morning found on the hoai-th
a huge kettle of corn meal mush, and that while he sat there the
youngsters crawled out from the straw upon the cabin floor one
by one, and, taking each a jjewter plate, went singly to the smok-
ing mush for a bountiful share, aud partook joyfully of a hearty
breakfast, Btit what difference does it make? Those tales told
of eaily times ai-e, many of them, fabrications, and more are
greatly " stretched" from the original fact. But even if true as
told, who cai-osf It is to be feai-ed that, if their eflfominate de-
scendants were thrown into the same hard and rough condition,
they would do even not so well as that; that they would have
neither root over their shiftless heads, straw to crawl out of nor a
kettle of mush to eat from, pewter jilate to handle it on, nor
spoon with which to cany it to tlieir mouths.

Stony Creek is bounded north by Monroe, cast by White
River and West River, south by Nettle Creek, west by Delaware
County. In politics, Stony Creek is strongly Reitublican.

Town.ship 19, Range 12— Seiition 1. lS80-;]0. Samuel Out-
land, September 10, 1830; Section 2, S, 12, 1822-30, William
Diggs, Sr., David Vestal, Tarlton Moorman; Section 3, 1827-
35, Joab Thornbnrg; Section 4, 1825-30, Joab Thornburg, De-
cember 20, 1825; Section 5, 1822-33, John Connor. October 31,
1822; J. W^ Smithson, October 21. 1822; Section «, 1826-30,
Randolph SmuUen, September 1, 1820; Section 10, 1823-37,
Abram Clevinger, August 25, 1823; Section 11. 1832-3(5, Jona-
than Clevinger, February 17, 1832.

Township 20, Range 12— Section 20. 1833-30: Section 21,
1831-35; Section 22, 1831-30; Section 23, 1822-32, James
Moorman. November 25, 1822 ; Section 24, 1820-30. James
DrivQT, May 19, 1829; Section 25, 1829-30, Jacob Beals, June
18, 1829; Section 26, 1828-33, Jacob BeaLs, October 28, 1828;
Section 27, 1829-38; Section 28, 1829-35; Section 29,1825-31,
Lemuel Vestal, FebruaVy 10, 1825; Section 32, 1824-33, John
Thornburg, July 31, 1824; Section 33, 1825-30, William Moore,
June 30, 1825; Section 34, 1830-30; Section 35, 1829-38, John
Thornburg. September 31, 1829; Section 30, 1822-38, Josiah
Mendenhall, November 1, 1821.

Township 19, Range 13— Section 0. 1834-30.

Township 20, Range 13— Section 19. 1823 -34, Hem-y Walter,
November 15. 1823; Section 30, 1835-37; Section 31, '1829-37,
David Hoss, January 2, 1829.

There have been only two towns within the bounds of Stony
Creek Townsl^p, and one of these has long been extinct. The
two are AViuddor and Georgetown, the latter " winked out " long
years ago. (Neff Post Office is also in this township, but it

ir.)

anything but a store with a dwelling house standing

Wiuilsor.—lMcation. Section 29. Town 20, Range 12, on
Winchester & Muocie pike, at the Delaware County lino; Jo-
seph Bond, surveyor; John Thornburg, proprietor; recorded
January 30, 1S;]2; forty lots; sti-eets are, north and south, Mul-
beiTy, Oak; east and west. Main. First addition, Smith &
Dye's, Jere Smith, Stephen Dye, proprietoi-s; Jere Smith, sur-
veyor; twenty lots; recorded September 7, 1837. Second Ad-
dition, Roece's, Thomas W. Reece, proprietor; eight lots; re-
corded August 9, 1877. Distances: Bloomingsport, twenty
miles; Doerfield, twenty miles; fairview, ten and a half mUes;
Farmland, live and four-fifths miles; Huntsvillo, thirteen and
one-third miles; Linn, twenty-ope and four-fifths miles; Losants-
ville, nine and a half miles; Morristown, two and a half miles.
The town was laid out by Joseph Tliornbnrg in 1832, during
what may aptly be termed the " era of tf)wn-platting," tiince many
of the villages in Randolph were projected not ftir from that
date. Wihdsbr seems to have been aspiring, and to have had
high prospects as well, for only iive years after the record of the
first survey of forty lota, twenty liiore (half the original number)
1 were ahno.'ced to the growing town by Smith & Dye. thus afford -
■ ing fl-esb room to spread beyond the ol-igipal liiuit. And it is
! undoiibtedly true that, had the old order of business continued
I to prevail, Windsor might today have been an important and
i prosperous inland town, fiut the sad fact, sad for Windsor and
; its ambitious denizens, can neither be ignored hOr changed, so
I the fates declared, and who can successfully rebel against fate ?
I If there had been power in the beginning of railroad construc-
I tiou, to have drawn the Bee-Line route south of the river, in-
stead of locating it on the north side through the unknown wil-
derness, thou, indend, might AVindsor have come to be, not, in-
deed, like its illustrious namesake in a foreign island kingdom,
a palatial residence for Her Majesty, the English Queen, but a
wide-awake, bustling, prosperous commercial and manufacturing
center, known and noted throughout the county and the region.
But men cannot lose what they never had, so Windsor has not
lost the greatness which she never possessed. And her people,
instead of mourning over fancied iinrealized possibilities, may
be sincerely thankful that life, health and substantial comfort,
and the means of solid happiness they still possess eiiually with
the poojjle of the proudest metropolis on the footstool.

The first l)usiness in Windsor was a shoeshop, by Isaiah
Templin, and a small store by a man from Richmond, name for-
gotten. Soon was set up a smith shop by Andrew Kaajjp. The
mill by John Thornburg was built in 1827. There was no other
on White River bul Judge Sample's and Cox's Mill, east of Win-
chester. There was also another shoo shoj). The first wagon
shop was by Willianr Ludworth. Windsor at one time had a
large business, having three good stores and a grocery, and other
things to match, The activity of tho place began some years
before the town was recorded. It proved its right to be by its
actual being. Business is like beauty — it is its own excuse for
being. The merchants have beeu Garretson. Joseph and Moses
Cranor, a good stock; Stephen Dye, groceiT, with a good stock;
Chandler, a big busines.s, with two clerks; Andrew G. Dye, a
nice stock; Pennington, Lindloy ThombiU'g, John M. Terrell,
Nathan and Joel Thornburg, Joseph Johnson and A. M. Dye,
Ai-mtield Thornburg, twelve years; William Davis, J. J. Clayton.
The first hotel was built by George Helm, from Pennsylvania,
some years after the town started. That hotel was bui-ned in
1856, and has never been built again. Helm had put up a
dwelling-house, and he sold it to Cranor, for a hotel; Cranor
sold to Aimfield Thornburg, he to Kinard, he to Andrew Dye,
and so on to the present time.

The blacksmiths have been (as is usual) numerous: Messrs.
Knapp, Templin, T. W. Thornburg, Oliver Beck, A. J, Dixon,
Davison, Hikus, Sudwortk The wagon shops have been,
Messrs. Sudworth, George Dixon. Physicians: Drs. Davisson,
FaiTOW, Chenoweth.

Present business: There is a goodly number of houses and
business rooms, and. were the place to fill up to its capacity of
f m'nishing facilities for work, it would even now be an active, busy

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

town. But. the real basiness is now small enough. There are
two smith shops, one dry goods store, two millinery shops, one
wiigon shop, one shoe shop, one tan yard, one saw-mill (water
and steam), one grist mill (water and steam), one physician, a
good one, one post office, two churches (Methodist and Christian),
one schoolhouse, one lodge of I. O. O. F., thirty to forty houses
and 134 people (census of 1880).

The Postmaster is AVilliam Davis. The previous incumbents
it would take too much time to tell. The first one, however,
was Benjamin Garretson. Others have been Messrs. Kinard,
Thornburg, etc. Thornbui-g held the office twelve years.

The mi5st flourishing era for Windsor was just before the
railroad was built, about 1850, though it kept a considerable
amount of business till since the war. A good store was burned
in 1S78, owned by the Thornburgs. Windsor is a quiet, orderly
town, with a people disposed to good things, and it seems a
pity that the tide of fortune has kept so sternly against their
commercial future.

The town is located on the west side of Stony Creek just above
the mouth, and exactly on the county line, that being the western
limit. It stands upon the pike running from Winchester to
Muncie, nearly midway between the two, and it is connected by
pikes to Winchester, Farmland, Maxville, Muncie, Losantsville,
Union City and most of the outside world generally. A very
large and important bridge crosses Stony Creek just east of the
town. It was washed away, bnt has been rebuilt in a still more
substantial manner than at tir.st.

Georgetown. — J. M. McNees, proprietor; C. S. Goodrich,
sun-eyor; location, Section 24, Tcwn 20, Kange 13, on Windsor
pike, one mile west from Maxville; eighteen lots; recorded
April 24, 1840; streets, north and .south, Washington; east and
west, Main. The town is located on the Winchester & Windsor
Turnpike, one mile west of Maxville. It was laiil out in the
year 1835 by John AI. McNees, and occupies land on the south
side of White River. H. D. Huffman kept the first store in
1835. J. M McNees kept hotel in 1835, and years before.
Emsley Humphries had a smith shop. Lewallyn ke])t the
last store in 1853. The merchants there at various times were
Messrs. Huffman, Clayton, Cunningham, Marine, Miller &
Ford, Lewallyn. The smiths have been Messrs. Humphreys,
Harris, Segraves. J. M. McNee.s^ kept hotel fourteen years.
There werti never more than six houses in Georgetown. The
village is now wholly extinct. Several of the old lots are owned
and built on separately, but there is no town. Dr. Keener re-
sided there as a physician, as also Dr. Marine. How there should
have been any town at all, or the hope or prospect of any, is a
nr^-stovy. since Maxville was within a mile or even less than that.
The record of the plat of the latter appears not to have
been made until 1850, but the town itself was estai)li8hed many
years before — as far back as about 1830. Though probably Max
villo and Georgetown commenced their race for life not far from
the same time, aud it may have been the hope of each one of
the rival " embryo cities," that she should outstrip aud rival, or
even swallow up the other. But old Father Time has been too
mighty alike for both. Georgetown has already been numbered
among the things that have been, and the other also, lingering
on [)erhai)s some years longer in appearance^ has lost well-nigh
all the reality and activity of business life.

When these towns— Maxville, Georgetown and Windsor —
stood on the gi'eat thoroughfare between the East and the AVest,
where scores, or even hundreds of ti-a\elers; where hundreds, and
sometimes thousands, of aiiimals, in immense droves and herds,
passed daily; where thronging emigrants wore constantly press-
ing eagerly westward, westward, always westward, there seemed
a prospect that all three, especially the former and the latter,
might iind room and business for a substantial or oven a vigor-
ous gi'owth; but when the rail track was laid, and the steam
whistle set up its roar, and the engine began to roll, a woe was
I>ronouncod u])on all towns, no matter how ambitious or aspiring,
which lay away from the path of the "iron horse."

Neff.—ls a post office and store on the Losantville pike,
north. There is no town, not even a " four corners." It is just
one house and a store. The post office and the store were estab-

B perhaps the
1 the region. He had

lished some twenty-five years ago. The store appears to be doing
a snug countrv business. Residents in the vicinity are William
Clevinger, Wi'lliam Hewitt, John C. Clevinger, William Gilraore.
The country around seems a fertile, prosperous region. The store
is located on Section 10, Town lU, Range 12, two miles west of
Pleasant View, and five miles north of Losantville. It is now
kept by Alfred Cantield, who is also Postmaster. Some of the
persons who have kept store there have been John Terrell, Avila

Thornburg. Thornburg, John Oakerson, William Oaker.son,

Alfred Canfield. A very good stock is maintained for a country

BIOQRAPHY.

Isaac Amburn was the son of Samuel Amburn; he was born
in Carolina in 1789, and he married Rebecca Hodgson, who was
born in Virginia in 1795. They came to Ohio in 1810, and to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1829. They were the parents of ten
children, all of whom have been married and had families. They
are as given herewith: Mary, five children; Elizabeth, eleven
childi-en; Samuel, ten children; Catharine, ten children; Jacob,
eight children; Hester, one child; Hannah, nine childi-en; Re-
becca, seven children; Cynthia, six children; Rachel, six chil-
dren. Grandchildren, seventy- three. Isaac Amburn resided with
his son Samuel till his death, September 23, 1881, he being
ninety-two years old. He was buried at Union Cemetery, south of
Windsor, the funeral being attended by a
largest of the kind that ever assembled ii
resided in this region fifty-two years.

Samuel Amburn was born in 1765, in Pennsylvania; moved
to North Carolina, married Elizabeth Jones, who was born in
1761, as also a second wife. He had eight children, and died in
1860, aged ninety-five years. They came to Stony Creek Town-
ship in 1829. He was somewhat in years when ho moved into
the forests of Ston}^ Creek Township, but ho dwelt there more
than a generation, and fell asleep at last with almost a century
of years resting upon him. The Ambitfu family seems to be
long-lived, his son Isaac dying at the age of ninety-two.

Samuel Amburn. Jr., was born in 1818, in Ohio; came to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1829; married Maria Smith in 1840;
has had ten children; is a farmer; owns 240 acres of land; is a
prominent and successful man of business and an active and in-
fluential citizen. When he moved to the county, William Moore,
John Holloway, William Holloway, Joab Thornburg, Amos
Smith, were already here. William Dixon and Jothro Hiatt
came when Mr. Ambm-n's people came, in 1829. He had to go
three miles to school when he was a lad, and thought it no hard-
ship, often having to " wade the flats" k-noe deep. Wading the
water in coon hunting, etc., through the woods was nothing but
fun.

Joseph Bond, son of Samuel Bond, was born in North (Caro-
lina in 1779; married Rachel Horold, born in 1781, in 1802;
came to Wayne County. Ind., in 181 1, and to Randolph County,
Ind., mouth of Cabin Creek, in 1839. They had twelve chil-
dren, eleven grown, ten married, five now living. He died in
1840, and his wife in 1842. They were farmers and Friends.
He was a steady, raild-tompered. genial, Christian man, beloved
by all who knew him, and his record is on high. His father,
Samuel Bond, was born in North Cai'olina in 1753, and his
mother, Elizabeth Beals Bond, in 1755.

Zimri Bond, brother of John H. Bond, was born in Wayne
County, Ind., moved to Randolph County, Ind., and afterward to
Kansas, the latter movement being made in 1872. He died in
Kansas in 1877. having had five children. He had a fine farm
on Cabin Creek, but he went to .stock-buying, etc., and failing in
business, lost his farm, and like hundreds of others, moved on
farther West to the region of cheap lands. Ho was an Anti-
Slavery Friend, an Abolitionist, an Underground Railroad
operator and a Republican. His family have returned to Ran-
dolph County to the region of their former homo. His widow
is an intelligent and active Quaker lady,' who is trying in meek-
ness to serve the Lord in purity of heart and to train up her or-
phaned family in the fear and love of God.

James Butler, born in Virginia in 180S, married Emeline
Clay in Virginia in 1830, came to Randolph (Huntsvillo) in

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

469

1836, and to Stony Creek in 1838, and they have resided on the
place ever since. They had ten children, four girls and six boys.
All grew up and were married, and six are living now. IVIr.
Butler died in 1861, and Mrs. B. is living still, sixty-nine years
old. They belong to the Christian Church. She has seven or
eight great-grandchildren, and resides north of Pleasant Grove
Church, in Stony Creek Township.

John Diggs was the brother of Mark Diggs, who is also
dead, and of William Diggs, who is still living. He was bom in
Carolina August 8, 1802. He came I'rom Carolina to Randolph
County, upon White River, in 1821, and settled on Stony Creek
in 1827. He had five children, and died January 22, 1863, aged
sixty years five months and fourteen days. His wife, Catharine
Diggs", died October 29, 1807, aged sixtytluree years six months
and thirteen days. He was a prominent and respected member
among the Friends, and was buried in Poplar Run Cemetery, as
is also his wife who s^irvived her husband move than four years.
He was a AVhig, an Abolitionist and a Republican, but he re-
mained with the " Body of Friends " at the " Separation," not
deeming the alleged reasons for dividing the " Body " sufficient
to justify the coiirse pui-sued by the Anti-Slavery Friends.

Joseph Hewitt, born of Irish parents, came to Ross County,
Ohio, in 1808; married Sally Putnam in 1831; came to Ran-
dolph County in 1841, and has had ten children, all gi-own and
man'ied, and nine living still. He now resides at Fai-mland.
and is o farmer and stock-dealer. His children are: Catharine
(Gilniore). has seven children, lives near Nefif, Ind. ; liucinda
(Thomburg), has seven childi-en, resides in Randolph County,
Ind.; Sophia (Adkins). has eleven children, lives in Missouri;
Sarah Ann (Oakson), has seven children, lives in Farmland;
Marion, has seven childien, lives near Neff; Philip, has seven
childi'en, lives in Missouri; William, has thi'co children, lives
neai- Neff; Joseph, Jr., has six children, lives in Delaware Coun-
ty, Ind.; Peter Owen, has one child, lives in Farmland; Mary
(Mclntyre), dead.

Ml'. Hewitt is a man of good judgment, and has been gi-eatly
confided in by his neighbors, being often cliosen as arbitrator in
disputes, as administrator in the settlement of estates, etc. He
has been for many years, and is still, an active and nxemplaiy
church member and Christian worker.

William Hewitt was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1840;
came with his parents t« Randolph County, Ind. , in 1841 ; mar-
ried Margaret E. Helm, of Henry County, Ind.. in 1861. and
they have thi-op children. He owns 270 acres of land, and car-
ries on farming extensively and successfully. Ho is a Methodist
and a Republican. He enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Indiana;
had blM'ding at the Imigs, and was discharged after nine months'
service, on account of disability, and he has never been hearty
sinco. His brother, Jo'^oph, was in the same regiment and com-
pany (Company K, Thirty-sixth Infantry), and he was discharged,
too, for loss of hearing.

Hosea Lamb was bom in North Carolina, and came to Rich-
mond before it was laid out as a town; cleared the ten acres on
which Richmond was first built, and entered 160 acres in Nettle
Creek, but settled in Stony Creek. He had nine children; was
a farmer and a Friend, and died in 1855. His wife died in 1877,
being a very old woman, and having lived a widow twenty-two
years.

Restore Lamb, son of Hosea Lamb, died in 1878, aged about
sixty years. His brother Isaac was accidentally shot and killed
while duck-hunting. A gun was handed to him, muzzle fore-
most. It was dropped, and the gun went off. He was shot in the
breast, causing his instant death. This sad casualty took place
more than twenty years ago.

Joab McNees was bom in 1781; lived in Tennessee; came to
Randolph Co., Ind., settling in Stony Creek, near Georgetown, in
1829, and married Saraii McCollom in 1803. They had sixteen
children, twelve grown and ten mairied. He moved eleven to
Randolph County. Mr. McNees died in 1833, aged fifty-two
years. His wife was bom in 1783, and died in 1870. aged
eighty-seven years. She lived a widow thirty-seven years. A
rather remarkable life — thirty years a wife, the mother of six-
teen children, and thirty-seven years a widow!

[Note. —The wi-it«r of these sketohes knew a woman who was
a wife at fifteen, lived with her husband sixty years, was the
mother of nineteen children, raising about twelve, lived a wid-
ow eighteen years, and died at the full age of ninety-three years.]

John M. McNees, born in Tennessee in 1805, married Mary
Ann Greenman in 1825 (who was born in 1801); came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1829; entared eighty acres of land, and
lives on it still. Mr. McNees laid out Georgetown, one mile
west of Farmland, in 1835, and kept hotel there fourteen years.
There was very much travel on that road in those times, wagona,
and men on horseback, and droves of horses, passing west; and,
after some years, great droves would pass eastward. Sometimes
70<J or 800 head of cattle would go by ill a single drove. George-
town never got to be much of a town. There never were more
than six houses. The village is now totally extinct as such.
Four houses stand there yet, but the lots are town lots no longer.
Mr. McNees is a farmer, though now getting too old to perform
much labor.

William Merryweather was bom in England; emigrated to
America and settled in the State of Delaware, but came to Ran-
dolph County in 1842, and resides there still. His wife also is
a native of England. They have five children. Mr. Merry-
weather ovms 2CK) acres of land, being an excellent fai-mer, an
estimable citizen, aad an intelligent and worthy man, nearly
seventy-two years old. Mr. Merryweather and his wife are highly
esteemed among their acquaintances for integrity and solid worth.

Henry Moore was bom in Wilmington, Del., in 1804. He
came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1816; married Mary Wright in
1831 (who was born in 1808), and settled in Randolph County
in 1838, buying 160 acres of land in Stony Creek Township. He
was a farmer, a Friend, a Whig, an Abolitionist and a Republic-
an. He was the father of five children, and died in 1879,
leaving a widow to mourn his loss, as also several children.

George Mooro was the brother of Hemy Moore, being born
in 1806, and he emigrated from Delaware, on the Eastern sea-
board, to Randolph County, in 1839, manying Mary Hiatt in
the same year. They have five children. Mr. Moore and his
wife are an excellent and worthy couple, and they are thrifty and
prosperous, he being the owner of 200 acres of excellent land.
He was in early days a Whig, and has been, since 1856, a Re-
publican.

Reuben Medlar was born in Pennsylvania in 1812; married
Elizabeth Medlar in 1836; came to Montgomerj- County, Ohio,
in 1837, and to Stony Creek, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1840. He
made the journey from Pennsylvania in a one-horse wagon in
twenty-one days. The cost was as follows: Toll-gates, $5,594;
other "expenses, $28.52. They have had thirteen children, and
six of the number are now living. Mrs. Medlar died in 1874, in
her sixty- first year. Mr. Medlar. is a thriving farmer, owning
210 acres of fine land in that fertile region; belongs to the Re-
formed (German) Church, and in politics is a Democrat.

Joseph Rooks was bom in 1772, in Kentucky; came to Ohio;
married Elizabeth Jackson, moved to Randolph County, Ind.,
about 1822, with fourteen cliildren — five boys and nine girls.

[Mrs. Patsy Branson, of Muncie, Delaware Co., Ind., says Jo-
seph Rooks had fourteen children in family, all at home at one
time, and that she ate dinner there with the whole group of
fourteen children.]

Mr. Books was tall and stout, and veiy strong. His stand-
ing weight is said to have been 220 pounds for sixty yeai-s. He
was a giant in strength, and his boys were the same way.

The children were John, Uriah, Thomas, Samuel, William
(five sons), Hannah, Sarah, Maiy, Charity, Phtebe, Rebecca, Bet-
sey, Sibyl, Lydia (nine daughters). Joseph Books and his fam-
ily moved to Missouri in 1839. He died in Northwestern Mis-
souri in 1869, aged ninety-seven years. His wife died August
17, 1880, aged ninety- four years. He cleared up two farms in
Randolph County. First he settled on the Clevinger farm, east
of Neff, and then on one northwest of Neff, in the forks of Little
White River and Stony Creek. He owned there 300 acres. He
sold out in 1838; moved to Missouri in 1839, and became a large
land-owner in that State, having been said to be in possession,
at one time, of 100 eighty-acre lots. Some odd stories are told

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

of Mr. Rooks and his family, whicli fart, indepd, is not very
strange for so immeuso a family in tlioso hard old times. But
what matter ':' Among these enfeebled generations it is impossi-
ble even to imagine what, in those rough and rugged days, was
undergone, without oven thinking it to be anything curious or
unusual. They were at least not effeminate nor helpless. They
boldly hewed their fearless way, nigged and stern, through trouble
iiud difficulty appalling to gentler times. All honor to their
heroism! The Indians else had still roamed the wilds over the
ground where now fertile farms shine in beauty, and maguiiicent
cities rise in gorgeous splendor to rejoice the sight.

Amos Smith was born in Highland County, Ohio, in 171)9,
and came to Randolph County, Ind., in IS'i'J; married Margaret
Thornbm-g in 1830, and has had five children. His wife died in
bSTlt, aged seventy-six years, and the bereaved husband now lives
with his son-in-lnw, George Clevingor, on the AVindsor pike.
He originally entered eighty acres. He belongs to the Christian
(New-Light) Church. His race is almost run, yet he stands wait-
ing in patient, e,xultant hope the issuing of the linal order, "Open
the crystal gates and let my faithful servant enter in!"

A large number of the aged veterans, settlers in this region
in " auld lang syne," still linger on the .shores of mortality, fee-
ble. deerp[>it, but mostly cheerful and patient, awaiting in joy-
ful hope the welcome summons, "It is enough; come up higher!"

Ira E. Smithson is a native of " Old Virginia," the proud
" Old Dominion." the haughlv "Mother of I'l (-sianits." Ilic land
of the "F. F. Y.'s." He was born then. I.i 1^10. Diit he ]rU
his native soil and emigrated to Clinton OmiU. (Mno, th;it ol.l-
tim:^ half-way house to weary emigrants, tli;it .■*1i.ii|iing [jlaco for
thousands, whence again, a fresh start being tuk(Hi. pushing
their onvvai'd way toward the setting sun, a liual halt would at
length be called in the fruitful Hoosier land. And from tnin
ton County, once more resuming the impati(>nt line of marrh.
they stopped not, they stayinl not, till they had found llirir o\<[-
time friends in the v.-oods of ]tandoli)h. In 1S:V.), tlus hiKrr
tri]) WHS accomplished, and this was tlie la.st march; for hither
he had come to stay. And stav ln' did: and for full forlv v.^ars
Randolph County has furnislu'd this j.ilgrini a (imnicilr; 'aiKl.
though his wife has gone on before, and some ni Ins rli,l,l,v„
have passed "within th(> vail." thi^ aged vi>tcran still t.-m irs
among men in the " laud of fhe dving." Mr. Sinilhson in.ivn.-d
Mary More in Ohio, and he h;is been the falherof nine rliildivn
His wife is dead, and he. a feeMe old man. an oeto-..n.iii;in, ,,■
mains on the earth, residing with his son on the old lioincst<':i.l.
His son Ira was born in Ohio in \H2U; came with his parents fn
Randolph County, Ind., in bS:3»; is married, and has six eliil^
d)vn. Ho is a farmoi and a Republican, and belongs to I he
Christian (New-Lighf) Chunrh.

William Stanton was born in North Carolina in 1812. mar-
rying Sarah Farlow, and afterward Rachel Leonard. He has
had twelve chikhwi, six of whom are slill living. The family
came to Randolph County, Ind., in ISC.l, arriving at last, safe',
after many troubles and "hardships. ;i( .M-.jk l»'igg-'. in SriUo
Creek Townshiji, tieein" fvoui tin' SihiIIhih (■Mnnti\- to "ri a\\av
from slavervan.l the war. S.)ine rrn.ini-tvn.va iVo,u"lns lips
appear undeV that h.'a.ling in this work,

Is.nic Thninliuig was born in ITTr), in North Carolina: came
to Higliiand Counlv, Ohio, in IS R), and to Randolph Conntv.
Ind,. Ill is:!i). He married Rebecca Hodson in IT'JiJ, and had
twelve children, nine grown and married. .Vine were sons and
three daughters. Thev were as follows: Jolm, dead, had eleven
ehildren; Joab. living." has had nine children; Elizabeth, dead,
six children; Joseph, dead, ton ehildven; Job. living, seven chil-
dren; JLirgaret, dead; Isaac, Jr., dead, five children; Edwjird.
living, twelve children: Alexander, living, nine children: Jona-
than, dead, eleven ehildren: Thomas Wesh-v. .lea<l, six <rliil<lrei,.
Is;iac Thornburg settled two miles east of Vvindsor; entered ICd
acres of land; died in ISC.li, aged eighty-niiK- vears. He- v\as ,(
Friend, a Whig, ;in anti-shivery man, a Reiu/blican; an vwrl-
lent, careful, gentle, mild, faithful man. ftfav the world s,.,.
many like him as the ages roll. His second wife wav^ Mar\ Ann
(Bunker) Ring. He is said to have h:ul ovei- four hundred de-

Joab Thornburg was born in 1795, in North Carolina; came
to Ohio in bSl I ; maiTied Elizabeth Holloway in Xorth Carolina,
on Christmas Day. 1817: came to Stony Creek, Randolph Co..
Ind.. in IS'jri, entered eighty seres of land, and has resided there
ever since— iifty-seven years. They have had nine children.
He is a farmer and a Friend: was a Whig and an Abolitionist,
and is a Republican. The aged couple are feeble, but not more
so than -would be expected, considering their age. There is
something veneralde in an ancient homestead, hallowed by the
loves, the joys, the sorrows, the dear, the sad. the holy remem-
brances of almost sixty years of family life. Those who spend
their lives in changing from place to place, having never a home,
but only a temporary abode, occupying, in their whole lives
upon earth, not a foot of land which they could call their own,
know little of die real substance of home life. They live, in-
deed; their children grow u|) to full stature; but their residence
is only half a home. He siu'ely has abundant cause for rejoicing
whose lot is cast where he can dwell from youth to old age, in
a dear and blessed spot, to which sweet and precious memory
clings with a close and perpetual tie. Let it be the ambition of
every family to acfpiire that excellent earthly blessing, the own-
ership of a -permanent homo.

William Arinfield Thornburg, Windsor, was born in North
Carolina in 181<i. and came to Randolph County, Ind., in ISli"):
m;irriod ALaria Clevinger in ISS-",, and has had twelve children
—fen grown and man-ied. and nine living now. One. a son,
resides at, Union Citv. two in Illinois, five in or near Windsor,
and one four miles southeast oi Windsor. He was brought up
a Friend, but has br!,,nged mostlv to the Methodists or Fnited
Brethren. In i.olitical faith lie w"as a AVhig, and is now a Re-
jiublican. His business has bei-ii largely farming. Ho has sold
C-oods twelve years, and ke].t a hotel at Windsor and at Will-
iamsburg; ope"rated a mill south of Windsor, and now resides in
that town. Mr. Thornlwrg and his worthy companion seem thus
far to have m;ule their cheerful way through the hardsliips of
th.^ii' time, and to be passing peacefully onward toward that
■•l.oiini v.li,.n<v no travdn- iVinins," and toward the blissful
man-ioiis pr,. pared ..ii lii-li fn,- the faithful, trustful, obedient

lish t

in the

d be

-rli:ips

3g to Ran-
tlled on stony Creek, two and
a hall miles .s,, ill h , if \\ iii,|s,ii'; w.is chosen Justice of the Peace
vei V s,,on aiii 1 : -,.|d out to .loin, Thornburg about 188(lor 1S;!1.
iuu\ left the c.Muily in the latter year, moving to White Lick,
below liicliaua|iolis. at which place hi' is understood to have died.
They had live children at the time of removal. Ho was kind,
genial and ob'iging. and his wife was an excellent woman.

esided in the countv, he was a prominent citiz(-n of .

that- r

■ Hr,

Same p:iper: David Mehanev, of Shawnee Mound, Tipjie-
canoe County, while digging a ditch on his farm, found the re-

Solnmon Uriel, i was liorn in ( ireeu County, Tenu., on Hol-
ston lliver. in IsnJ; came to Clinton Countv, Ohio, with his fa-
ther, in ISO!-. an,l to Uandolpl, County, Ind., in 1817. His fa-
ther moved here in 1M7 or 1S|S, but Solomon came sooner.
(See reminiscences. | Paul W ., John and Henry H. Wav, and
some of the Diggses, had come already. His uncle, "\\"illiam
Hiiworth, and ;dso one of his older bro"thers, had preceded him
to Kandolpli. and Solomon anvl still another brother came bv
tliem.r.hes, ^^ilh one horse betw(-en them, all the way froni Clin-
ton Coiiiiix, Ohio. Returning after some months to Ohio, he
liiiall_\ ace.ai p.mied his father to his futm'e home, probably in
1^1 1, and for idiout sixty-live years the Hoosier State has reck-
oned him as one of her worthy denizens. Jesse Green, John
Ballerger. Sumner Lee. Thomas Gillum and others came in com-

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

pany from Ohio, and spttlod on Whiti' Kivor. Solomon's father
took np his abode on what has sinco been known as the Brooks
farm, two and a half miles west of Winchester. He married
Margery Diggs in 1824, fifty-eight years ago. She was for
many years of her later life much afHicted and very feeble, and,
in the spring of 1881, she exchanged a habitation of clay for the
; obes of celestial beauty in the heavenly mansions. They were the
p.u'ents of ten cliildren. eight of whom survive— George W. , ten
children, resides near his father's; Hannah (Garrett, ITiornburg),
sis children, resides in Iowa; Mary (Clayton), no children, lives
near her father's home; William, liv«s near home, has twelve
children; Lydia (Dick), lives near homo, no children; Rachel
(^Hunt), lives nine miles south, eight children; John, resides
near his father's, five children; Fanny (Taylor), resides at Fort
Wayne, one child. Solomon ^Vright moved to Stt)ny Creek
Township many years ago (lS2y), and still resides near the
mouth of Cabin Creek. Ho is eighty years old, but is strong
and vigorous. His wife was an invalid, having become well-
nigh helpless. She died in the spring of 1881, having filled the
measitre of her days and gone Lome to the mansions ])repared on
high. Solomon AVright is in religion an Anti-Slavery Friend;
in politics, a Henry Clay Whig and a modern " Liberty man," and
still later a Kepublicsin. His first vote was given for John
Qnincy Adams, and his last for James A. Gai-field, fifty-six years
having intervened between the.first vole and the last. He seems
strong and vigorous to last long enough to vote for several Presi-
dents more; still, only God knoweth, and Friend AN'right is four-
score years old !

SAMUKL AMBUKN. The subject of this sketch is one of the subslantioJ
fnrmers ami citizetia of Randolph County. He is the son of Isaac and Kehecca
(Ilodgen) Amburn, and was born in tllinton County, Ohio, November 18, 1818.
He is the third of a family of nine children, of wlmm three are now living ; his
father was born in North Carolina June 4, 1789, and his mother wjis born in
the same State September lu, 17il5; his parents removed from North Carolina
to <'linton County, Ohio, and came to this Stale in the year 1828, and located in
this county. At that time there were but few improvements in the part of the
county where they settled, the nearest neighbor being three miles distant.
Samuel was busily engaged assisting his father to clear a farm from the wilder-
ness until he was twenty-two years of age; his father being in very limited cir-
cumstances rendered Samuel's career as a youth peculiarly trying ; his life was
bcstft with hardships more severe than most sons of pioneers ; his father being
a hard worker and not given to speculation, believed that what he obtained in
the way of property ahould be secured by the severest labor. Samuel's educa-
tion was almoH entirely neglected, and what little he did obtain was in a sub-
scription school, where he paid his tuition by cutting and splitting rails. At
the age of twenly-two, he bought forty acres of unimproved land situated one
mile east of where he now resides, and set to work making a farm of his own.
He wa.s married to Maria Smith, daughter of Amos and Margaret Smith, of this
county, August 27, 1840. After marriage, he and his wife settled on the forty
acres he had previously purchased in the woods ; lie is now owner and proprie-
tor of 280 acres of excellent land, with 175 acres under a high slate of cultiva-
tion : his farm is one of the most beautiful and best improved in the county,
being of an excellent quality of soil, gently rolling and tolerably well watered.
Mr. Amburn has been eminently successful as a farmer, accumulating property
very rapidly, and provided comfortable homes for five of his children. Mr.
and Mrs. Amburn are the parents of ten ohiUlren, eight of whom are now liv-
ing—Amos W., born Juno 24, 1841 ; Elizabeth J., l)orn June 2!>, 1843; Isaac
L., born April 1, 184C; I.ydia M., born July 25, 1848; John K, born Novem-
ber .3, 1850; Enos I.., born June 28, 185:! : Francis M., born February H, 1851) ;
Anthony W., born March 16, 1858: Rosa J., born October 4, 18lil ; Mariha A.,
born June 18, 18(il. Seven of their children are married, and comfortably
situated in life. His son, Isaac L., enlisted in the Eighty-fourlh Indiana Regi-
ment, in the fall of 18G1 ; he remained in the service for about si.t months,
when his fatlier took him home, he being under age, seventeen, and not able
for active service. Mrs. Amburn is an acceptable and honored member of the
Christian Church. Mr. Amburn usually affiliates with I he Democratic party,
but does not always draw party lines in casting his vole for county officers ; he
has always voted for Gen. Thomas Browne, a stanch llepublican, for Congress
and other offices. Mr. Amburn is pleasantly situated, having erected most
cx< ellent and cnniforlablc buildings. His dwelling house is a beautiful two-
si cry brick, and a model in architectural beauty and convenience, situated on
a commanding eminence, surrounded with beautiful shmle trees. He has been
a most industrious, enterprising and liberal-hearted citizen, surrounded with
iin abundance of the necessaries and luxuries of life. Leads n quiet and frugal
life, and is an honored citizen of the county.

FIIANCIS M. AMBUUN, farmer, P. 0. Windsor, was born February 9,
1850, in Randolph I'ounty, Ind. He was married to Matilda A. Myers, Juno
3, 1874, who was born April 17, 1855. Her father, Henry Myers, was a native
of Pennsylvania, and deceased in 1863, in this county. They have four chil-
dren—Roy L., born September 80, 1874 ; I'eriy 0., born January 4, 1877 ;
Nellie May, born January 5, 1878, and Jossie A., born August 17, 1880. Mr.
Amburn is a member of I. O. 0. F., No. 517, Windsor Lodge ; was educated in
the common schools of the county, and is an energetic, industrious farmer.

JOHN H. I30ND, farmer. P. 0. Farmland, born in North Carolina, De-
cember 6, 1807; he emigrated to Wayne County, Ind., in the fall of 1811,
where he was married to Emily Hoclcett, in September, 1828. Mr. B. came to
this county in 1831 and settled on the farm where he now resides. He cleared
the farm by his own industry, and soon made it change from the wilderness to
that of a beautiful home. His wife was born April Vi, 1811, in North Carolina,
and immigrated with her parents to Wayne County, Ind., about the year, 1815.
Mr. B. ia of (Quaker descent and a member of the Church of Friends. He has
held the office of Township Trustee, to which he was elected in 1840 ; owns a
good farm of 120 acres of land ; Republican in politics, and is kind, generous
and of undoubted integrity.

ALBERT CANFIELD. merchant and Postmaster at Netf, this county, was
born in Cambridge City, Wayne County, Ind., August 19, 1862. He is the son
of Silas and Susan (Graham | Cantield, and is the third of a family of five sons,
four of whom are now living. His father was born in the town of Rending,
Steuben County, N. Y., March 22, 1817. His mother was born near the
Natural Bridge, in Virginia. His father came to this State in the fall of 1845,
and settled in Cambridge City, and was married to Susan Graham in the year
1848. After marriage they settled in Cambridge City, where they rema'incd
until their deaths. His mother died June 16, 1859, and his father November
8, 1879. Albert lived with his parents in Cambridge City unlil the fall of
1863, when he came lo Randolph County and made his home with A. N. Thorn-
burg until he was twenty-one years of age. While here, he was engaged in
working on the farm during the spring and summer, and attending the district
schools in the winter. In 1878 and 1874, he made his home with Judge W. R.
West, of Anderson, his uncle, for the purpose of attending the Anderson
High School. While in attendance at this school, he applied faithfully to his
studies and advanced rapidly. After leaving the high school, he engaged in
teaching in the common schools of Madison County for four months. At the
expiration of his term of school, he engaged with a publishing house of In-
dianapolis as traveling salesman. He served this house acceptably for about
six months, <vhen lie acted as traveling agent for about one year for two other
firms. At the expiration of this service, he returned to this county and wns
engaged as a teacher in the public schools during the winter for about two
years, and working on the farm during the spring and summer. In the spring
of 1878, he engaged in a general mercantile business al Neff, this county, with
Jan)e3 Dougherty as partner, under the title of Dougherty .t Co. This co-part-
nership continued until January 20, 1879, when Mr. Canfield bought Mr.
Dougherty's interest and has been alone in the business ever since. Mr. Can-
field carries a well-selected stock of goods, embracing dry goods, groceries,
hardware, boots and shoes, etc., and docs a thriving business, his annual
sales amounting to about $12,000. Netf is one of the best, if not the best,
country business points in the county. Mr. (!. was appointetl Poslrnosler at
Nefrinl878, and has held the office ever since. He was married to mt-H
Naomi M. Branson, daughter of Joseph B. and Catharine (Miller) Branson, of
this county. May 1, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Canfield are acceptable and honored
members of the Christian Church. Sir. C. is also an honored member of Windsor
Lodge, No. 517, 1. O. O. F. He 'S a stanch and active Republican, an ener-
getic and frugal l)usiness man, a genial and affable gentleman, and ho and his
good wife are favorites in the circle of their friends, and have a bright future
before them.

NELSON T. CIIRNOWETll, physician, Windsor, born in Darke Countv,
Ohio, October 8, 18;J7 ; he went to Illinois in 1857, from there hack to Ohio
in 1858, where he enlisted in the Eleventh Ohio Infantry, and afterword served
as Captain in Company E, Sixty-ninth Infantry. After the war. ho came In
Wayne County, Ind., and entered the Miami Eclectic Medical College of Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, in 1800. from which innlilution he graduated, with honors, in
the following year. He located at Windsor, in this county, in 18(iS, and was
united in the holy bonds of wedlock to Laura E. Haynes. iVIarch 25, 1869. The
Doctor's father, Thomas F. Chenoweth, wos born in Ohio in 1808, and at this
date is still living and quite active for oii« of his age. Dr. C. was educated
in the common schools of Ohio, which were good at thai lime. He also at-
tended a seminary and graded school, which more fully developed his mind
and ability. In early manhood, he followed, successfully, farming and teach-
ing. The Doctor ia nctively engaged in the practice of medicine, which annuallv
reaches $2,<X)f). He was a charier member and first Noble Grand of Windsor
Lodge, No. 517, I. 0. 0. P., and is W. M. of F. & A. M., Farmland Lodge,
:10S. He is Republican in politics, a courteous gentleman, a skillful physician
and an esteemed citizen. Two interesting children bles.sed his marriage union —
Flora, born January .30, 1870, and Thomiis W., April 13, 1872.

PHILIP K. DICK, farmer and miller, P. 0. Farmland, born November 2:1,
1H24. in the Stale of Ohio: he came to this county in the spring of 1848. His
father, Philip, was a native of Virginia, where he was born February 22, 1795;
deceased in Ohio, 1877. Mr. Dick was married the first time to Peggy Wallace.
who was born August 12, 18:12, deceased March 18, 1870. Seven children,
living, blessed this union — Mary E., born July 12, 1851 ; Nancy J., Fcbruarv
25,18.53: B.arbara E., February 10, 1855; Mariha V., November 30, J85.8';
William L., March 6, 1861: Francis M., January 28, 1864, and Robert 1!.,
June 4, 1867. He was married the second time to Lydia Wright, who was
born March 30, 18:13. Mr. D. was educated in the cnnimon schools of Ohio,
and has been a close student from boyhood. He has held the offices of Town-
ship Treasurer, Afsessor and Justice of the i'eace, giving entire satisfaction to
his constituency. He is a member of the church of Friends, and on energetic
worker in the leinperanoe cause. Mr. D. owns a good farm of 120 acres of
land, and a half-interest in a grist-mill on Cabin Creek, which has a capacity of
fifty bushels of grain per day. His brother, Francis M. Dick, was in the war
for the Union; he enlisted in Company K, One Hnudred and Twenty-fourth
Indiana Infantry, serving through the war.

JOHN E. HEICKES, born in Adams County, Penn., May 14, 18.30; he
came to this county in April, 1868. His father's name was Emanuel Heickes,
and was born in Pennsylvania October 12, 1785, died there 1802. Mr. Hickes

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

.Dia, who was born Miiy '22, 1820.
Arista, George C, Cora J. und
rseison i\i. lie was eaucaieu in me common scliools of his native State, ami
hns gained much information by observation and traveling. He enlisted in
the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry and the Third
Artillery. He had charge of the rebel President's baggage while a prisoner
at Fortress Monroe, and carries letters of recommendation from Gens. Butler,
Ord and Miles. He is a member of the United Brethren Church, also of t. 0.
0. F., No. 1, of Fort Monroe, and is Republican in politics. He was tlie Post-
master of Windsor for three ye.ars. Notary i'liblio for four years, and collects
claims for soldiers and private citizens. He is considered to be a trustworthy
citizen and those who have business in his line will find him prompt in dis-
charge of whatever may be intrusted to his care. His address is Windsor, Ind.
.S.VMUEL HUPP, farmer, P.O. Parker, born May 5, IS-Jf), in Virginia;
he came to Ohio in 1!!30, to Delaware County in 1852, and from thence to this
county in 1876. He was united in marriage to Mary Watt, who was born in
the State of Ohio, December 10, 18-SO. Mr. Hupp received a common school
education, and is a great friend to that cause. The fither of Mr. Hupp, Eman-
uel, was in the war of 1812, and deceased in Ohio, about 1830. .Joseph Walt,
the father of Mrs. Hupp, was a native of Kentucky, where he was born 1805,
and is still living at this date. Mr. H. is a member of the M. B. Church, and
Parker Grange, So. 404. He is engaged in farming and stock-raising ; owns a
farm of eighty acres of fertile land, .and seems contented in his chosen occupa-
tion. .Nine children blessed this union— Emily E., married, born .July 4, 1803 ;
Florence B., married, born .July 24, 1850; .Mary A., married, born January 8,
1800; Martha E., married, born .January 7, 18li2; Caroline, born tDctober 10,
1864; William E., February 28. 18t;6 ; Nora A.. April (>, 18157; Charles W.,
.January, 1870, and .Joseph W., December 20, 1874.

ENDS A. LUKA, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, born in ( liiilon County, Ohio, .Tunc
6. 1833; came to this county with his parents in the winter of the same year; he
wa.s married, December 28, 185:!. to .Sarah A. t'levenger, who was born Feb-
ruary 25, 1837. These parents have five children livin;;— William L., born
May 24, 1866; Christian I.., November 13. 1857: Elihu F., .Tutic 18, 1861;
■" " smber 21, 1805, and (Curtis t,. "' -— " '"■■" ■" - '

IS fnlloM

•nimg su

ssfull

y. He is a membe

r of 1

,. Vp

V l,i(rl,t'ri,„nl., R

ul of Windsor Lodge,

0.0

F.,517. His fail

"!■ Virgin

ia, and born

ily 14

1800, deceased .1

r. Lewi

^ Clevenger,

asbor

n May 18, IHOR, It

ii- county at Mn early

ntp, aiJ
utuot

d deceased .Janua
a party man: he i

a su',

Je^st

i.:n,Jr:aud',;n

.■|iiihlica.

zr'''-

WILLIAM M

;i;tRYWEATHER.

William Merryweathe

. son

of T

omas and Eli/abe

1. Merry

veather, was

Froddingham, Yorkshi

re, E

ngland, .January

I, 1811.

He is the

unge

t of a family of si

^ chil

of whom he is the

known to be

His father was a n

of H

lies, and his mot

.er of E

zland. His

ther's

occupation was th

dredger. His mother

lied in 1816, and his

iheri

„ 1832.

liam lived with hia

pare

til he was eleven

years of :

ge, when he

pelled to earn his

ving.

He hired nut at

first as a

farm hand,

ceivin

g for his first year

board only.

He

ty .lu

came to the liniteJ
.el of that year.

•Stat

he year 18:!1, an.

landed i

1 New Vork

HL

educational advan

very poor, having

attended

chool but a

nail portion of the time, from s

er his arrival in th

try. 1

ilmingtoii

Del., where

had

* brother living, an
.or, he worked a p

d ret

here ..ntil 1830.

During

is slay with

shrot

art of the

ime in a spico .mil

and pur

He

came to Richmond

Way

tie Co

. Ind.. on llir :, !

n!' M

-:i; After

ringf

ut as a farm hand

f.u. 0

eyei

->u.e-lhird

he raised, and con

He
lefro

res 01

came to Randolpli
m where he now ri

the farm he no«- .

f""

"'"'

''--'■:

'•.Mil. nine

liebecca Tharp, of Englaml, in I'hil

vives, and has been a true and faitl.l

Mr. and Mrs. Merryweather a

five are now living. 'I'hree of these

1 honored ai

I, ,Iohn,

.listed a

of his regiment with the <
battle of Lovejoy, and was
until the close of the war,
r. and .Mrs. .Merryweathet
lendanls at the meetings <:
r. M. is a stanch Republici
nany years as juror.

well situated, being surrounded by all that is necessary to make them comfort-
able and happy. They are honored and useful nieinbers of society, and are
well known throughout the county for their unlimited hospitality.

Mr. Merryweather has an excellent memory, and takes great delight in
recounting his experience in his younger days, both in England and the United
States.

.lACOB R. MILLS, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, horn December 18, 1853, in
this county. He was married, April, 1872, to Mary Robinson, who was born
July, 1866. This union has been blessed with four children— Mipnie N., born
March 8, 1874; Joseph, March 21, 1876; Dovie L., March 9, 1878, and Olatie,
born March 8, 1882. Mr. Mills had the advantages of the common schoola
and improved them as much as was in his power. He is Republican in politics,
and engages in farming and buying poultry.

JOHN N. MOORE, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, 'lorn April 12. 1834, in Wayne
County, Ind. His father, Henry W. Moore, was originally from Delaware,
where he was born in 1804, came to Wayne County in ISIO, from thence he
settled in this county in the year 1837, with his family. Mr. Moore was united
in the holy bonds of matrimony, the first time to Eliza Hubbard, September
10,18:38; the second lime to .Sarah I'. Hubbard, sister to his first wife, July
13,1878. He was educated in the common schools of Wajne and Randolph
Counties, and has followed Ihe occupation of farming from boyhood. He is of
German and English descent, owos a well-cultivated farm of 127 acres of land.
Republican in politics, and is a worthy member of the Friends Church. Mr.
Moore had three children by his first wife— Henry H., born August 15, 18V.I ;
Mary E., August 21, 1862, and Charity E., May 22, 1864. He has two chil-
dren by his present wife— Lulu M., born April :J0, 1877, and Onie C, August
26, 1878.

JOHN OZBU T, Farmland, born May 19, 1828, in (his county. His father
John, w.as orginally from North Carolina, where he was born about 1795. Mr.
Ozbun wa-s married to Miss C. Hockeit, who was born August 28, 1835.
Mr. Ozbun received a good common school education, consi.lering the early
disadvantages of the pioneer period. Ho has seven children living — Lydia J.,
Lindley M., Emma, Eli, William C, Charles II. and Wesley. He has followed
teaching school for a number of years during the winter season, farming in the
summer, and a minister in the Church of Friends. He is considered an honest,
upright, true man and friend.

JOHN H. ROGERS, miller. Farmland, born August 19, 1851, in Colum-
bus. Ohio, and came to this county in the winter of 1809. He was united in
marriage to Nancy J. Dick, October 21, 1871. .Mr. Rogers was educated in
the gratlcd and common schools of Ohio, and is a man of good mind. He has
followed milling during life, and is considered to be a good one. He is a mem-
ber of the Friends Church and an enterprising citizen in all the noble works of
manhood. He is a member of the firm of Rogers & Dick, proprietors of the
flouring mill, situated on Cabin Creek. His parents were born in England, his
f.Uher, Edward, about 1832; his mother, 18:50. His father came to Ohio from
England in 1849, to Olumbus, Ohio, .and deceased in La Porte County in 1859.
Ilis mother lived in this county till 1879, when death removed her from these
e.^rth ecenes. Mr. Rogers has four interesting ohiIdi"en— Alonzo E., born
December :iO, 1872 ; Gertrude M., May 2, 1875; Edgar A., August 9, 1877.
and Mary E., October 4, 1879. Those who call on the firm of Rogers & Dick
will find them attentive to business, and courteous to customers.

ELIZABETH SA:\IPLE, farming, P. 0. Windsor, was born December 4,
1808, in Adams Couuty, Penn. She was married to John B. Sample January
17, 18:;ii, who was born in 1791 in Pennsylvania, deceased August 28, 1854.
They had six children — Sarah E., born November 20, 1836 ; John A., January
1,18:;8; James B., June 9, 1841; Adam, December 25, 1843; William F.,
October 31, 1846, and Harriet N., December 17, 1850. Mrs. Sample sent one
son to the late war, John A., who enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Indiana Infantry. She is of German descent ; a Presbyterian ; owns a
farm of fifty-one acres of good land, manages it well, and is a woman of sterl-
ing integrity.

ISA.\C J. SMITH, farmer, P. O. Windsor, was born December 3, 1832, in
this county. His father, Amos Smith, was born in Virginia June 28, 1799 ;
immigrated to Ohio, and from thence to this county in 1827 ; he died October
9, 1882, at the advanced age of eighty-three vears. Mr. Smith was married
to Sarah .M. Miles August 18, 1859. She was born June 24, 1840, and was of
;. kind and loving disposition. The union was a congenial one, and Ihe years
of wedded life pa.ssed happily until September 27, 1880, when death entered
Ihe home circle iind took from its midst the amiable and beloved wife. Mr.
Smith ileeply feela his loss, and the exit of that pure life from the stage of
action which had rendered his home so pleasant has tilled his mind with sor-
row. She was a con.sistent member of the Methodist Church, and was beloved
by .all who knew her. Mr. Smith was educated in the common schools of
early days, but has made good use of this in business and in the accumulation of
property. He owns 381 acres of valuable land, and engages extensively in
buying and selling stock; he frei|uently has on hand fifty head of cattle and
one hundred head of hogs. He is an ardent Republicin, a member of the A.,
F. & A. M., No. ;W8, of Farmland, and an enterprising, courteous gentleman.
The mother of the subject of this sketch died .November 3, 1879, at the age of
seventy-eight years.

HENRY STUDEBAKER, Farmland, was born July 3, 1842, in Miami
County, Ohio ; he c^ime to this county in the spring of 1873, and was married
I.. \l...y Barnes Febr.i:iry 10, 18U2. Mrs. Studebaker was born in Clinton
I ■ ii.n uli.o, January 20, 1840. They have one child, Edgar Q., born July
I" Mr. Studebaker was educated in Ihe graded schools of Troy an.'

I ' 'Hiin, which were the best in the county at that time. Ho has been
'ii-M^;' i ill the manufaclurc of woolen poods, and for seven years last past has
l.ci-u Ihe proprietor of th<! Hon ring-mill where ho- now resides. Mr. Stude-
baker was in the i.:vvy du.ing Ihe war for the Union, taking part in tue famous
Red Kiver expedition. He was assigned to the gunboat Mound City, and
afterward to the Neosho. His father, John StudebaltW, was originally from

Frances Wallace

-wf^S)^*

Res of Mrs Frances Wallace, Stony Creek Tp Randolph Co Ind

itmi '^

J.J.Thornburg

Mrs. J.J. Thornburg

Res of J J Thornburg Stony Creek Tp Randolph Co Ind

STONY CREEK TOWNSHIP.

Oh

vania. where he was born in the year 1812 ; he now resides in Ohio.

ler of Mrs. .Studebaker, .Tnmes Barnes, was bora in lligliland Couuly,

nuary 30. 1821 ; he came to this county in 1S68. Mr. .Studebaker owns

■aluable mill property, worth fJ.OOO. with acap.icily of grinding 12,0i)l) bush-

ive to all who may favor him with their patronage.

ABRAHAM SVMONS, farmer, P. 0. Farmland. The subject of this
liography was born in Henry County, Ind., November 3, ""'" ' '

id twice, the first

lime to Mary C. Horn, February 17, 185-2, who was born May 8, 18;14, de-
ceisei April IG, 1800 ; the second time to liis present wife, originally Mary E.
Townsend, September 23, 1869, born April 3, 1842. Four children blessed the
first union— William E., born .March 28, 1853, deceased in infancy; .Juli.an
0., born August 8, 18.d5, died April 22, 1882; Wilson E., bora December 18.
1857, and Luther B. F., September 2, 1801. Two children blessed the second
maTriagc— John E., born July 1, 1871, and Sarah E., October 8, 1874. Mr.
Symons had two brothers in the war for the Union — Joel, who served in the
Fifty-ninth Indiana Regiment, and Benjamin F., who served in llie Kifiy-
fourtb. He was educated in the schools of pioneer days, and has followed the
occupation of farming. He was reared under the kind iniluence of the
Quaker Church, to which lie belongs. He owns a good farm of sixty-five
acres of land, and is at present Justice of the Peace of the township in which
he resides, having served one term before.

JOSHUA SWINGLEV, farmer, P. 0. Windsor, was born in Clinton Coun-
ty, Ohio, February 2, 1835, and came to Ihis county in the fall of 1853. His
father, Peter Swingley, originally came from Virginia, where he was born in
1810, deceased in Clinton County, Ohio, in 1842. Mr. Swingley was united in
marriage to Judith A. Thornbarg February 6, 1857, who was born May 9, 18311.
Mr Swingley received a common-school education, and has devoted his lime
exclusively to farming and stock-raising. He is a member of the Christian
Church aud of the I. 0. 0. F., No. 5V7, of Windsor. He owns a well-culti-
vated farm of 100 acres of land, valued at $60 per ncre. Republican in poli-
tics, and an esteemed citizen. They have four children living — Josephine,
born September 5, 1860; John W., September 0, 1802; Martha J., February
10, 1808, and Edith, July 28, 1870.

WILLIAM TERRELL, farmer and minister, P. 0. Windsor, born July 13,
1829, in iStony Creek Township, this county. He was married the first time
to Rebecca Th'orubure, November 22, 1849; two children blessed this union—
Lucinda J., born December 8, 1850, and John W., November 19, 18-52. Mr.
Tcrrill was united in marriage the second lime to Mary A. Thornburg, March
27, 18.50; she was boru December 12, 1S38. 'Tfieyliave eight children living
—Margaret E., born October 22, 1858; Sarah E., May 10; 1801 ; George E. S.
January 18, 1806; -William, May 30, '1869; Susannah J., May 30, 1871;
.Mary M., May 7, 1873, and Delia, May 30, 1875, and Lydia E. C. December
20, 1878. Mr. Terrill was educated in the old lof? schoolhouse of pioneer days,
and for a number of years engaged in farming. He has been a devoted minister
of the Christian Church for twcnty-si.\ years aud has devoted much of his time
to building up the denomination of his choice. He is a member of Whitney
Lod J;e, No. F. & A. M. His father, George Wesley, was of English descent,

came to lliia coiinty in 1828, deceiised 1878. Mr. Terrill is an active Repub-
lican; owns a valuable farm of 171 acres of land, aud is hospitable and kind

JOB THORNBURG. This venerable pioneer of Randolph County is the
sou of Isaac and Rebecca (llodgen) Thornburg, ami was born in Guilford Coun-
ty. N. C, September 29, 1801. He is the fifih of a family of twelve children,
of whom three are now living ; his father was born in Pennsylvania July i,
1773, and mother in the same State July 24, 1773. They moved from Penn-
sylvania to North Carolina, where they wore married, add remained until the
year 1811, when they moved to Clinton County, Ohio, where they remained
until 1827, when they came to this oounty and remained until their deaths;
his mother died July 24, 1832, and his father June 28, 1802. Job lived w^lh
his parents on the farm until he was twenty-five years of age, when he, with a
hrolber, removed to Indiana, and settled in Randolph County, .\fter living
with his brother for about one year, he returned to Ohio, and was united in
marriage with Lydia Smith, daughter of James and Atlantic Smith, April 17,
1826. He and his wife returned to Indiana the following October, when he
entered eighty acres of the farm upon which he now resides. He has spent the
best portion of his life in clearing a farm from the unbroken i-flrest. No oile
but those who have had the experience fully realize the amount of toil and
hardship connected with the development of this country. The subject of this
sketch has accomplished more of this kind of work th.m most men of this age ;
he early learned ^the lesson which insures success to every young man — indus-
try and frugality;-. • These qualities being leading motives in his life, he rapidly
accumulated property. He ha.s been the owner and proprietor of 437 acres
of land, with about 300 acres improved. This land is eioelleut in quality, and
well adapted to stock-raising as well as grain ; he has disposed of all of his land,
deeding it to his children and otherwise, with the exception of fifty acres. He
is the father of ten children as follows : Atlantic, born January 18, 1820 ; Abijah,
born February 8, 1828. deceased January 3, 1848; Jonathan J., born April 2,
1830 ; Thom-as, born May 7. 1832, deceased October 28, 1846 ; James, born
.March 27, 1834; Ana. born September 19, 1836 ; Edward R., born December
4. 1838, deceased September 13, 1807 ; Tilnias, born November 27. 1840 ; Isaac
D., born October 28, 1842; Rebecca, born September 3, 1845. His living chil-
dren are all married and comfortably situated in life. Job's early education
consisted of about three months' schooling, in the old pioneer log schoolhouse,
with greased paper for windows, puncheon floor, hewed benches, etc. Not-
withstanding the primitive condition of the schools, he has a fair common
school education. He and his wife were raised members of the Society of
Friends, and have ever remained faithful to their adopted church. Mr. Thorn-
burg has served this county a.s juror more or less for thirty years. In politics,
he is a stanch Republican, and has always affiliated with that party ever since

its organization ; he w.as a Whig, and strongly anli-slavciy in sentiment. At
the death of his father there were over 400 direct ami indirect descendants of
the family, and but three Democrats in all of that uumber. Jlr. Thornburg
makes his home the most of the time with his son, Tilnias, and has done so ever
since the death of his wife. He is tolerably well preserved in health for one of
his age, with the exception of a partial deafness caused by a slight .stroke of
paralysis, he seems to enjoy life very well ; he has had a remarkable constitu-
tion to endure the toils and hardships of such a long life ; he takes great delight
in recounting hia experience of pioneer times, aud, having a clear and distinct
memory of these limes, his accounts are calculated to interest every one : he
has been a useful man, both to society and the church ; a kind husband and an
affectionate father, and honored and respected by all who know him.

Lydia Thornburg, was born April 2, 1830. He is the third of a family of ten
children, seven of whom are living ; he was raised on a farm, and received a
limited education , from the common district and subscription schools, which
were very inferior, and open but a short period during the winter season ; his
youthful experience did not diftcr materially from that of most boys of pioneer
'imes. He and his brother assisted their father (who was a very hard-working
man) to clear a large amount of land from the unbroken wilderness. He was
united in a first marriage, to Hannah Holloway, April 24, 1861. She waa a
most amiable Christian woman, and shared the joys and sorrows of life with her
husband until 181)9, when the fell destroyer removed her from the embrace of
her loving family and kind friends. As fruits of his first marriage, Mr, Thorn-
burg is the father of nine children, of whom six are living as follows : Lydia
J., Mary L., Benjamin P., Sarah E., Martha A., Job 8., Ellis, William and Re-
becca E. He was united in ft second marriage to Nancy Meier, September 7,
1871. His present wife, a most estimable and worthy lady, is the daughter of
David and Nancy Morris, and was boru in Fayette County, Ohio, July 27, 1829.
She was previously married to John F. Meier, of Clinton County, Ohio, April
15, 1858 ; her first husband died in Ohio March 13, 1868; he was a man of the
strictest integrity, a devoted husband and an honored citizen. Mrs. Thorn-
burg received a limited education in the common schools of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs.
Thornburg are owners and proprietors of an excellent farm situated in Stony
Creek Township, consisting of 240 acres, of which 180 are in a good state of
cultivation. This farm is beautifully located and well improved, being supplied
with excellent buildings, au exact representation of which is given in this work.
Mr. Thornburg gives attentive attention to tlifl raising of blooded stock in addi-

! M.arch 21,

members ol ,^„^,^..j ^, i..v«-o... ^ , ... .-j

alwas acted iind voted with the Republican party, ari(i has always manifested a
deep interest in the welfare of the party. His excellent wife is a lady of rare
executive ability, and has been of great service to her husband in the manage-
ment of his business. They are both excellent citizens, surrounded by all of
the necessaries and comforts of life, and valuable member." of society.

JOAH THORNBURG, farmer, P. 0. Neil; born in North Carolina in 1795 ;
he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Elizabeth Holloway, Decem-
ber 25, 1817; she was born September 17, 1794, in the State of Virginia.
They have live children living — Tohn L,, Isaac, Asenath, Elisha and Jonathan
T. Mr. T. was educated in the schools of North (^^arolina and was reared
under the mild andgentle discipline of the Friends of that county,
his aged companion have traveled life's pathway as members
Church, and at this advanced date are waiting the summon
whom they have served so faithfully to call them to rest. The winier s s
may beat fiercely above the grave so soon to claim them, the gentle r;
springtime fall upon their narrow earthly home, the beautiful flower;
green sward of summer grow upon the mound raised above them, yet all
will not effect the purity of their devoted Christian character which
leave behind as an example to those who -follow after fheiii.
THOMAS WALLACE.

Thomas Wallace, husband of Franc
MaryAVallac . - ■ -

parents to Miami County, Ohio, about the year 1814, where no icoiuuu uu.i.
the year 1838, when he came to this State and county. He was the third of a
family of nine children, of whom three are now living. His parents were
both born and raised in Tennessee. He lived on the farm with liis parents
until he was twenty-one years of age. Having ' comparatively no opportunity
of attending school, his education was very meager. After he came of oge, he
worked out by the month on a farm until the year 1836, when he was united in
marriage to Frances Hays, daughter of James and Catharine Hays, of Miami
County. Ohio. This union took place on December 30. After marriage Mr.
and Mrs. Wallace lived in Ohio for about three years, when they moved to this
county and settled near Windsor, where Mr. Wallace entered eighty-eight acres
of land, being a portion of the farm where Mrs. Wallace now resides. They
continued to live here until the death of Mr. Wallace, which occurred Febru-
ary 7, 1870. They were the parents of but one child, James Newton Wallace,
who died at the age of two years. Mr. Wallace was an acceptable member of
the M. E. Church, and remained faithful until death. In political preferment
he was a stanch Republican; although he never sought for any office, he took a
deep interest in the welfare of the party. He was a most industrious and
frugal man, and accumulated properly very rapidly. He developed a fine farm
from the unbroken forests. He was quiet and retiring in his habits, but a man
who had strong convictions on all current topics, and did fearlessly what ha
conceived to be his duty. Thus lived and passed away an honored and useful

FiiANcEs W.VU.ACB, widow of Thouias Wallace and daughter of James
and Catharine (Summly) Hays, waa born in Miami County, Ohio, September
24, 1814. She is the t'hird of a family of five children. Her father was born

474

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

in South Carolina, August 31, 1780, anJ her miHher was born iiiN'ortli Carolinn
in t lie year 17'J2. Her parents removed to Miami County, Ohio, about the
year ISOH, and remained Ibere unfil the death of her mother, which occurred
March, ISIH. Her father came to Indiana in the year 1851, and made bis
Iiomewilh his children until his death, which occurred September 10, 187J,
Mrs. Wallace lived at home in Ohio until she was twenty-one years of age,
engageil in the various and mulfiplied duties of a farmer's daughter, when she
was united in marriage with Thomas AVallace, Her education is very limited, hav-
ing hut poor opportunities of attending school in herearlier life. Mrs. Wallace
has been deprived the pleasure of raising any c

ility ol

, three

horn lived »

oMier

I, but she has
1 her until

John A, Ineminger

war and died in hospital at Chattanooga, May 28, IWo, He served his country
well until his death. Mrs. Wallace is owner of 368 acres, of which 100 acres
arc in a high state of cultivation. Slie disposes of her land (o tenants, but
keeps the management in her own hand. She has been an acceptable and
honored member of the M. E. Church for thirty-tive years She has been an
industrious woman all her life, parsing through many hardships without a
murmur. She is endowed with strong intellectual faculties and a remarkable
memory. She looks after her business in detail, and is possessed with ex-
traordinary executive ability. She is beloved as a neighbor and friand and
will ever be honored by all who have known her.

WILLIAM WRIGHT, Farmland, was born September 17. 1831, in this
county. He was married to Rebecca A. Thornburg, who was born July 25,
183-5. They have eight children living— Fanny R., born March 29,1850;
Solomon M.'. January 6, 1804 ; Roily R., March 6, 1800; Elizabeth M. H.. March
24, 1808; Leoto 0., March 9, 1871; Edward E., April 0,1874; Noah V.,
February 14, 1880. and Bertha A., April 1, 1881. He was educated in the
common and graded schools of the Slate. He b.is followed farming and stock-
raising, and was in the hardware and grain trade at Fiirudand fir some lime.
He was Township Trustee one term, bein^ elected in 1800. He owns a good
farm of 307 acres of land, worth $00 per acre. Is f

•r of the Friends'

Church and is a recorded minister in that society, and is considered one of the
best citizens of the vicinity in which he resides.

JOHN D. WRIGHT, farmer, I>. 0. Farmland, was borji March 0, 1837, in
this county. His father, Solomon R., was originally from Tennessee, where he
was born in 1801 ; from thence settled in this State about the year 1818. Mr.
Wright was united in marriage to Miss Lydia A. Jackson, who was born Sep-
tember 28, 1847. Five children hle.ssed this union, of whom four arc living —
Eva M.. born October 15, 1860; Everett E., October 19, 18U9 ; Maud E., Feb-
ruary 27, 1873, and Lydia A., January 20, 1875. He was educated in the
common schools of the State, attending Liber College one term. He is of
CJuaker descent and a member of that church. Mr. Wright has followed farm-
ing and stock-raising from boyhood, and owns a fertile farm of 179^ acres.
Republican in politics, and an honest, industrious citizen.

GEORGE W. WORL, farmer, P. 0. Neff, was burn August 80, 1830, in
Wayne County, Ind. His father, Robert Wori, was born in Kentucky about
the year 1810. He immigrated to Wayne County at an early date, and de-
ceased on the road to California in 1852. Mr. Worl was united in marriage to
Lyda A. Ripley July 19, 1857. She was born in Montgomery County, Ohio,
August 1, 1841. Mr. Worl was educated in the common schools of this State,
and is a gentleman of good information and intelligence. He was elected Town-
ship Assessor in 1871, serving two terms, and Trusteeof Stony l?reek Township
in 1876, in which capacity ho al'^o served two terms''of two years each. In
both of these offices he was noted for his ability .and fidelity, which fully dem-
onstrated the fact of the confidence and esteem^in which he was held by his
neighbors. He, with three brothers, served in'the war for the Union. He
enlisted in Company B, Thirty-sixth Indiana Infantry, serving through the
war, and being wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. He is s member of
j the Christian Church, the A., F. & A. M. Lodge, No. -308, of Farmland, a Re-
j publican in politics, and a gentleman of the best social standing. Four chil-
I dren have blessed the uiarriaie — Mary E., born M»y 0, 18.58 ; Emma A.,
March 23, 1804; William M., May 22, 1867, and Ulysses S., September 28,
I 1872.

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

It cmbnuios thirty-ono and oni'lialf sections, lieing sevim !

milos long, north to south, and four and a half miles wide oast !
to wosl It lios whonv west oF tho Twclve-Milo boundary, and
thp land was sm-v,.v.'d'ul).mt 1S20 or 1S21. It inclmlos piirts of

Towns LS imd lU, li:iiit,'>' I'i oust, upon the n[.por eotirsd of Lit ■

tlf Whito Kivi'V. Srltl.'UiiMil In'^'un aiti>r. of course, tliiTc than '

it did cast of tlni bonndiiri.w." I'b(« township lies chiefly in the I

valley of tho Little White Uivor. ;ind covers a fine scope of !

cimn'try. .Much t>f it is j:;ently rollini,', ]n'ns3nting pleasant land- !
scapes! The soil is well adapted to all kinds of ftu-minn;, and

line cro))S are produced T5eiug settled later, improvements are 1

not so much advanced ;is the> are farther east, yet there are !

many line farms, with good Imildiiigs. etc. j

The earliest settler of \vhom-wi> have hoard is William Shiilhi- |

barger, who ciimo in 1S2I1, settling south of Losantville. He I

was killed by the falling of a tree. Tho next settler (so tar as I

wo know) was John I^iirroughs, 1S22, and also liis brother. |

Thomas Burrouglis, 1S22, Tho following came soon afterward, j

Where thin- settled wo do not know; SJouion Sparks, Mahlou |

liroiison, Isaac Brtmson, John Massey, Ichabod Tharpe, Phineas i
Maoy, .Mason Powell. Enoch Sayles, Jacob Tharpo, Henry Mossby

and perhaps others. ;

Hamnel JUirron-'hs, son of John lUirroughs, was tho tir.st child ;
born in Xettle Creek Township, :\[ay 20, lS2:i

The following came in the years n;imed: John Clevinger, ;

1828; .S^nthony .lohnsou. 18211; Istiac Thornburg, 18;50; Hamilton j
Snodt^rass, 188(1; William .Snodgrass, ] 8:5(1; .John Snodgrass,

1880;" .fohn Bookont. IS:!!: Jordan Halsted. 1831: Henry i

Le.aky. 1831; Reuben Jolmson, 18;52; Lewis W. Johnson, j

]8;i2i (ieorge ^\^. Wine. 1834: Bright Cist, 1831; George I

Leaky, 1834" Christian Leaky, 1834; Wilkerson Gray, 1835; I
John (Jriibbs. came early; Byaleel Iluiit. Joel Drake, Mark

Diggs were there in 1838.' ' |

The settlers in this region had peculiarly severe hardships in |
the early time. Some of them were ver>' poor, tinil all of them

were greatly" put to it" to make their way. One jiioneer in this ^

township, when ho first moved to tho county, had one old horse
only, and tha horse diet! in a few days, which left them in a bad
condition. The man cut his knee \tith his frow while splitting
clapboards for his cabin, and was laid helpless on the jnmcheon
lloor for six weeks. His wife and her brother improved the sea-
son by making several barrels of sugar, which sto'xl thorn in
good stead to give in exchange for corn during the summer.

In a scope of two miles scjuare there were owned but two
wagons. One day, six hor.ses were hitched to one of these wag
ous to go to mill. Twelve bushels were loaded in, and off tho
teams started. The horsos would not pull together, got fast in
a big mud-hole, and stoppod. Six men unhitched each a horso,
took each a sack of wheat and away to the mill, leaving the
wagon to got out of the mnd when it got u " good ready." Thus
did the hardy pioneers of Nottle Creek brtively push their way,
and some of thorn still survive to look back upon those rough
and troublesome times and those awkward ways.

Isaac Branson was in Nettle Creek in 1824, in the time of
tho " Falling Timber," since one settler relates that her sister at
that time was at Isaac Branson's, and that Mr. Branson's horso
was hemmed up in the stable, but not hurt.

Nettle Creek Town.ship is a fine rolling country, well adapted
to all kinds tif farming. It is in the southwest corner of the
county. The only pike is the Windsor & Hagerstown pike,
north and south, through Losantsville. There is but one town.
Ljsantsville, or, as it was called at first. Hunt's Cross Roads.
Nettle Creek is Republican in politics by a moderate majority,
when State iind National lines are drawn. As to religion, Meth-
odists, Discijdos, Friends, Christian. United Brethren, Bajjtists,
etc., are represented. Tho first sermon in the region was
preached at Thomas Burroughs", by Rev. Bowen, a Methodist.
Tho people generally wont to West River. Thomas BuiToughs
died in 1825, and his funeral was preached in his cabin by Hen-
ry Mossburg. The Baptist fleeting- House on the county line
was built in 1825. A Methodist Moeting-House was built not
twentv rods nwav. in 1840. The'tirst schoolhouse was built in
1833." School was taught in it in 1833 -34 by Mr. Evans. Tho

^j^^^, OJ'-' 5-|('XBTTI^E CHEEK i-! Twn;^^^-

ffll

Mrs Isaac Wood .

f^ESIDE)NICE OF ISAAC WoOO, NeTTLE CrEEK Tp. RaN DOLPH Co.ljND

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

next school was managed by Cornelius Murray and his sister.
From these small and awkward beginnings, the township has
slowly made a substantial growth, till now her school advantages
compare favorably with the other townships of the county.

There are several churches in the township. There is no
railroad anywhere within easy reach. Winchester. Hagcrstown.
Richmond "and Muncie are the places at which *he people of
Nettle Creek must reach the railroads. Yet they might be worse
off, since good pikes reach out to all these towns, and the farmers
and 'business men of that region, instead of being obliged to
hitch six horses to twelve bushels of grain, and then after get-
ting their wagon mired, to carry their load off to the mill on the
backs of the six horses, as of old, can now take almost any quantity
they please and proceed pleasantly, easily and safely to the
market of their choice in their own, or in adjoining counties.
Nettle Creek is perhaps more purely agricultural than any town-
ship in the county, and the valley of the Little White Eiver is
truly a splendid region. As the traveler passes north from Lo-
santsville on the good and . irviceable pike that cvtends through
the township, his eye beholds with delight the beauty of the land-
scape, displaying a splendid scopo of country ro?rued from the
domain of th - original forest and subdued by the tireless indus-
try of her stalwart farmers. Although much of the surface lies
high enough for natural drainage, much, also, stood in need of
human help in this respect; and in the last few years the modern
system of tile drainage has been brought greatly into use, and
the farming interest of that region has been largely strengthened
and enriched by tha; means.

In early times, like many primitive communities, some rough-
ness of manners and actions prevailed, but latterly the commu-
nity has become fully the equal of the rest of the county in those
things that tend to enlighten and elevate and refine the feelings
and sentiments of the community. In religious things there is
considerable variety of opinions and practice. In an early day,
the Baptists established a large influence in that part of the
county, and they have maintained to this day a larger following
in that township than elsewhere in Randolph. In fact, the
Baptist element, which holds in the county at largo a strong,
prominent and controlling position, has, for some roa-ion, found
in Randolph County but a meager support; and, outside of Net-
tle Crook, that branch of the Christian body has found but few
adherents. It has been suggested, with how much justice we
know not, that the " Discii)les," so cillod, who are essentially
and intensely Immersionists, and in many other respects like the
Baptists propar, have in this region absorbed the Baptist element
into their own body. Wo do not declare it as a fact, but give
the statemant as a theory proposed by some to account for the
unusual fewaess of the number of Baptists hereabouts, compared
with many other portions of the country.

S. W. 15, 18, 12, October 31, 1822, John Burroughs; S. W.
S. W. 3, 18. 12, November 3, 1822. Jesse A. Jenny; S. W. N.
W. 12, 19, 12, November 2,"), 1822, Robert Scott: S. W. 12. 19,
12, November 25, 1822, Tarlton Moorman ; W. N. AV. 13, 19, 12,
November 25, 1822, Mark Diggs; E. N. E. 14, 19, 12, November
25, 1822, Mark Diggs; W.S. W. 13, IS, 12, November 26, 1822,
Robert Kennedy; E. N. E. 15, 18. 12, February 24, 1823. Jesse
Moore; W. N. W. 15, 18, 12, September 30, 1823, Jesse Routh;
E. S. E. 15, 18, 12, December 15, l'-^23, James Massey; W. N.
W. 15, 19, 12, February 2. 1824, Joseph Brooks; W. N. E. 15,
18, 12, March 26, 1826, Isaac Branson; E. S. E. 5, 18, 12, Au-
gust 10, 1831, Jesse Sisk.

It is seen by the statement just given that the settlement of
the township was very sparse before 1830. In fact, the west
part of the county in general had but few occupants before that
date. A small number had made a beginning upon AA'hite River
and Cabin Creek, but not many were even there, and away from
those streams the cabins and the clearings were truly " few and
far between."

Nettle Creek Township is bounded on the north by Stony
Creek Township, on the east by West River Township, on the
south by Wayne County, and on the west by Delaware County.

Politically. Nettle Creek has a K?publican mijority, though the
Damocratic element is strong and active, and now and then,
through dissensions in the Rapublican ranks, thoy manage to
slip in one of their sort into soim of the local offices.

ENTRIES r

Township 18, Range 12 -Sections 1, 2, 1830-38; Section 3,
1832-37; SeotioQ 4, 1835-37; Sections 5, 11. 14, 1831-36. Jesse
Sisk, August 10, 1831 (Section 5); Section 8. 1831-38, Jacob
Cr.nise, December 12, 1831; Section 9, 1325-30, Henry Brown,
December 4, 1825; Section 10, 1830-38; Section 12, 1825-30,
William Jordan, February 17, 1825; Section 13, 1822-30, Rob-
ert Canady, November 26, 1S22; Section 15, 1822-30, John Bur-
roughs, October 31, 1822; P ition 10, school land; Section 17,
1821-30.

Township 19, Range 12— Sections 13, 14, 1822-30, Mark
Diggs, November 25. 1822; Section 15, 1824-30, Joseph Rooks,
February 2, 1824; Section 10, school land; Sections 17, 25,
1835-36; Section 20, 1830; Sections 21. 23. 24, 1833-36, Uar-
tin Scott and Richard Bobbins, 1833 and 1835; Section 22, 1830
-35, Miles Hunt, November 9, 1830; Section 20, 35, 1834-30:
Section 27, 1830-36, Benjamin Antrim, February 11, 1830;
Section 28, 1825-30, Joseph Garrett, December 12, 1825; Sec-
tion 29, 1833-37; Section 32. 1830-37; Section 33, 1832-37;
Section 34, 1828-30; Section 30, 1835-37.

Neitle Creek was entered between 1821 and 1838 inclusive.

Palirn Tim'icr Pos-/ O/^cc— No town (perhaps) Section 35,
Town 19, Range 12; two miles northeast of Losantville, in the
neighborhood of Hicks K. Wright's late residence. The name
has been given from the fact that nearly sixty years ago a terri-
ble tornado prostrated miles and miles of timber, falling, as'it
did, in a douse, hoap=!ci-up, impenetrable mass, and lying for
many years upon the surface of the earth, an utter barrier to
passage or communication across or among its overthrown tree-
trunks. That mass of prostrate tree-trunks, entangled for years
with shrubs and new- grown saplings, has for two generations
disappeared from sight, and a single name, as above, is its only
existing memorial.

Flfiningubni-g. — Location, northwest Section 23, Town 19,
Range 12; forty lots; Reuben Hunt, Robert W.Butler, proprie-
tors; recorded March 31, 1837. Distances: Four miles north of
LosantsviUe; five miles northwest of Huntsville; one mile south-
west of Pleasant View. This town seems to have been among
the oldest in the county, but whether it ever existed except on
paper, or whether any business was ever done there, we are un-
able to say. It is utterly extinct, and even the n.ame seams to be
wholly lost. It is to be pre.^iumed that at least a log cabin, .^tore and
a blacksmith shop were there, but we have obtained not ih.o slight-
est outside information

Losanfsvillo. — Location. Sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, Township
18, Range 12 east; twenty-eight lots; Howard Hunt, proprietor;
recorded Febru.ary 22, 1851 ; streets, north and south, Cambridge;
east and west, Main.

Distances; Arba, eighteen and ono-half miles; Bloomings-
port, ten and one-half miles; Fairviow, twenty miles; Farmland,
thirteen and one-half miles; Huntsville, eight and one-half
miles; Lynn, foui-teen miles; Union City, twenty-eight miles;
Windsor, seven and one-half miles; Winchester, seventeen and
one-half miles; Rural, fourteen and one-half miles; Richmond,
twenty-fom- miles; Muncie. seventeen miles; Hagerstown, eight
and ono-half miles. LosantsviUe (at first called Hunt's Cross
Roads) was laid out in 1851 by Howard Hunt. Its " antiquities "
are as follows: Mr. Denny had a log-cabin store; Bright Uisk
resided there in 1834, and had a grocery in 1842, and perhaps
sooner than that. Howard Hunt had a grocery and a hotel in
1850. Moses Shores built a grocery at the southwest corner of
the main crossing. Lemuel Wiggins bought him out, and he in
turn sold bis establishment to Samuel Burroughs and AVilliam
Hendricks. However, Mr. Wiggins continued his residence at
the place, and for twenty years has kept hotel at LosantsviUe, be-
sides owning and running a store mure than once, the last time

47G

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

for iivo or six years. William Cbambor.s had a cabinet shop.
Tliouias Jones also worked at the sam-j bnsinuss afterward.
Honry Blazer, Lewis Ketz, JoLn Sutton, AMlliain Bradlield,
William McCoUom, Charles Shaffer have had smith shops. A
post offipe was established nearly twenty-five years ago. The Post-
masters have been Me.s.sr.i. Wig::;ins, Hendricks, McGollom, Can-
ada. D. Wiggins, L. Wiggins. Mills Hunt, Esq., is a resident
of the town, having been an inhabitant of the county more than
fifty years. Losantsvillo is not extensive in the line of inhabit-
ants. There are only eleven dwelling-houses. The present
business may bo described chiefly thus: • Oue store, hotel and
po.st office, Lemuel Wiggins; one smith shop, John Sutton; one
shoemaker, William Horn; one grocer, William McCollom; one
wagon shop, William McCollom; three physicians. Messrs. Borry,
Frank and Lowe; one schoolhouso. one lodge (I. O. O. F.), one
Porter's Temperance League, one Baptist Church, one Method-
ist Episcopal society, one Christiaa (New Light) society, both
the latter occupying a public hall for their religious servicas.

Pleasant View. —Location, in Nettle Crook and Stouv Creek
Townships, upon Sections 11, 12, 13 and 14, Township 10,
Range 1'^ east, Mark Diggs, proprietor. Number of lots not
stated. No plat recorded so far as known; laid out in 1815 i.
Being situated in two townships and four sections, its location
is more extensive than its business. There has been a small
amount of business from the beginning of tho town. Mr. Davi-
son had a saw-mill; William Kennedy had astore; Hiram Diggs
also had a store; Mr. Cai'ay had a smith shop in IS.jG; Solomon
HauscoTii started a furniture store, as also an undertaker's shop,
in ISTit), and it has been continued ever since; the latter business
with them has become very o.\tonsive, the most so the proprietors
claim of any of the kind in R:iudo!ph County. They make their
own work and furnish coffins for at least ISO buryings per year.
Tho merchants in Pleasant View have been ile.ssrs. Konnedv,
Diggs, Wright, East, McNees, Kelly, Moore, Btiti's, Lumpkin &
Bro., Ross & Hanscom, ]\rac3 (whose store was blown up with
powdei*), Jessup. Hanscom. jossup & Carter. E. Carter it Son,
G, AVright.

The physician has been Dr. Frank, in 1870. Tho smith
shops have been run by Massrs. Johnson. Carev, Bowers, Snuth
and Bobisou. Wag>m shops, J. W. Paschal,' Lamb & Will-
i.ams. Saw-mill, Mr. Davi.sou and other.s. Cabinet and under-
taker's sho|), Mr. Hanscom.

Present buainnss: Oue store, G. Wright; one smith shop, Mr.
Bowers; one wagon shop. Lamb & AVilliaras; one savv-mill, Da-
vison: one undertaker. JMr. Hanscom; one post office, name,
G.jod View, Postmaster, G. Wright; oun schoolhouse. Every-
thing at this town is on a small .scale. There is one pike, and
the railroads were so far away as to hide the wonderful train,
smoke, roar and all from the sirfht and sound of tho villagers.
Bui. iu the sjn-iug.if 1SS2,the I., B. & W. road was laid through
thi southern part of the partion extending east and west, con-
necting Columbus, Indianapolis, etc., and running near Losants-
villo, and not very far fi-om the town with the pretty name, Pleasant
View. AVhethor tho proximity of this line of road will help or
hinder this aspiring little hamlet, time, tho great rovoaler. will
unfold. Till then, let us wait in patience the revelations of the
future. A. thrifty and pros])Broiis country region surrounds the
town.

BIOGRAPHY.

John Bijkjut was born iu Toane5soo in 181)7; came to Net-
tle CiMek in 1851; married Nauoy Liug'alin in 182'.»: entered
forty aL!ros whore ho now lives, east of Losantsvillo. He has
bought other land besidos, but the land which he first onterod is
the hoTisstoad. H^j has had thir^ian children, and is n farmer.
Ho lives oast of Losantsville. Th-i region was considerably set-
tled up wheu he cama — Tohu Saodgrass, north of Losantsvillo,
nowdead: Hamilton Suod^rass. sou of John S., north oc Lo:;ants-
vill,<, n),v living: B/rou Cirhqr, east of Lisaat.sville. living; the
Cisk fainily. an old man and his sons; Reuben Johnson, north
of L JsiutsVill -: sn-eril familiei by th9 nun of B irro ighs lived
south of Lasautsville. Solomon Sparks, Israel Tharpe. Benjamin
Antrim, Antoay .Johus-,n. Tlioma? Antrim, G-org.-. L-aky, Hen-
ry Lrik/, .\.ul'fs)n .M)jr.\, William D.snny, Jaoib Grouse wore

among those who had at this time made a settlement in this re-
gion. Mr. Bookout is a Bafitist in religion and in politics a
Democrat.

John Burroughs lived southwest of Losantsville. He was
born in Virginia in 1793, came to Warren County. Ohio, in 18t)8,
moved to Fayette County, still again to Randolph County, Ind.,
in 1822. Ho married Martha Chambers (who was born in 1790,
in Wilkes County, N . C), in 181G. They have had twelve
children, ten of whom have been married. One died in Florence
Prison, Jesse Burroughs. Mr. Burroughs died in 1802, sixty-
nino years old. His widow is still living with her son, south
of Losantsville; she is about eighty-tliree years old, yet she is
active and cheerful, and her memory is fresh concerning old
things. Some reminiscences are given by her as follows: " The
'Fallen Timber' was two years after we came here (1824).
Plenty of Indians were still at Muncie, Yorktown, Smithfield,
etc. While living in Fayette County, oiu" folks went twice (in
tho spring and in the fall) into a fort at Elkhorn Creek. My
youngest brother was born in that blockhouse. The tornado
did but little damage where we lived. The body of the storm
was farther east. John Burroughs' father, Thomas BuiToughs,
cami when we did Samuel BuiToughs was the first white child
born iu Nettle Creek Township, May 20, 1823. He died
eighteen years ago (in 1803)." Aunt Patsy Branson, novi' of
Muncie, Ind., widow of Isaac Branson, who were pioneers of
Stony Creek, and afterward of Nettle Creek, says that Mr.
Bui-roughs' paoplowere the only settlers in the region when thoy
planted themselves in Nettle Creek, and that they used to
hear the dogs bark and the roostei-s crow at Mr. Branson's
through tho woods several miles.

Jonathan Canady was born in North Carolina in 1821, came
to Wayne County, Ind., in 1820, and to Randolph County, Ind.,
in 1810. He married Susan Moore, and has had fourteen chil-
dren; twelve of them are grown and eight are married; eight
have taught school, two ara attorneys, and one is a Justice of the
Peace They are an active and intelligent family and are Re-
publicans.

Martin L. Canady was bom in Randolph County, Ind., in
1848; married Sojihronia E. Noll in 1809, and they have three
children. He is a farmer and teacher, having taught school
thirteen wintois. He taught the first school that ever was held
in Losantsvillo (in 1878), for it seems that ambitious little town
never till 1878 rose to tho diginity of possessing a school. The
Township Trustees in that year, taking pity on her desolation,
eroctod a neat and commodious school building, and now the as
piriug Losantsvillans need not be obliged to submit to tho hu-
miliation of forever being bouud to dance attendance upon
an old-fashioned or even upon a new fangled country school.

Mr. Canady was elected magistrate of Nettle Creek Town-
.ship in the spring of 1879, against a candidate who had held
office for twouty-fivo years, and had never before been beaten.
Mr. Canady was the census enumerator for 1880 in tho census
district in which he resides. Ho is a Republican, and seems to
be rising in popularity and growing in fitness for public station.

AV'alter Cauady came from Ncjrth Carolina to Randolph Coun-
ty, Ind., in 1829, and lived and died there. He had a wife and
five childreu. He was a farmer of Nettle Creek Township, en-
tering land there when ho came to the county.

John Cleveuger. father of William Clevenger, near Noff, was
boL-u in Virginia in 17ii(l; came to Ohio in 1803; married Maria
Sfuthard in IT'.l-Mn.irn 17S0); came to Randolph County, Ind.,
in ISJS; entere 1 120 acres, being a part of William Clevenger's
present f.inn. He li;ul fourteen children; twelve lived to bo grown
and .married and have largo families, the whole twelve having
lOS children, or an aver;ige on the twelve of exactly nine each.
Ho died in 1872, aged ninety-two years and nine months. His
wife died in 1S46, being sixty-six years old. His children are
as follows: D.isha (Dudley), 'born 'l800, had twelve children:
Samuel, born 1802, had eleven children; John, born 1803, had
nine children: Wesley, born 1805, had nine children; Eliza,
born 1809, had seven childreu; James, 1811, had five children;
Niincy, 1811 (Raine.s), had nine children; Seppv, 181,'), had five
children; Fielding, 1817, had twelve children; Maria, ISlfl

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

477

(Thornbnrg), had twelve children; 'William, 1821, had six chil-
di-en; Miihala, JS24 (Thorubm-g), thirteen children; grandchil-
dren, 108.

With this multiplying process as a specimen, the Clevengor
name ought to be widely scattered throughout the land. Twelve
children, \vithl families having an average of nine apiece makes
certainly' an e.xtensive connection.

Jonathan Clevenger came the same fall. The two families
had arranged to meet on tbejway, and come the rest of the dis-
tance together. ;^ The plan, failed in some way, and the families
did not meet, and each one_ found his way alone. Mr. Cleven-
ger was a stm'dy Democrat. He voted for Jackson in 1828. He
was an active member of the Christian (New Light) Church, and
a worthy and exemplary citizen.

John C. Clevenger was iboru in Randolph County, lud. , in
1830. He has eleven children. Ho has hold several local offices,
having been Justice of the Peace fom- years and Township
Trustee two years. It is quite remarkable that though a Demo-
crat in a township that has a Republican majority of eighty, he
was elected Trustee in the spring election of 1880 by twenty ma-
jority. He is an active citizen, and a useful niember of the body
politic. He is a farmer, and lives nortliwost^of Losantsville.

Isaac Crouse was born in Randolph County in 1S37 ; mar-
ried Irene Watkins in 18."39, whoVas born in 1844. They have
three children. He is a farmer and a member of the Christian
(New Light) Church. His homo is near Losantsville. It is a
somewhat remarkable fact that his wife was at his marriage with
her only fifteen yeai-s old. Although now old enough to have
had several children, her age is only thirty three years. Should
tieir married life last till she arrives at the age of ninety, her
state of wedlock will have continued through the wonderful pe-
riod of throe-quarters of a centmy.

William Clevenger is the sou of John Clevenger, who came to
Randolph Co., Ind., in 1828. Ho was born in Ohio in 1821; came
with his parents to Randolph County in 1S28. He married Mary
Jane Smithson in 1841, and has six children. He is an extensive
farmer, and is a prominent citizen. He owns 320 acres of land. Al-
though his father was a strong Jackson Democrat, yet William
Clevenger on coming to his majority, after voting for Polk iu 1844,
radically changed his politics, and has voted the Abolition and
Republican tickets ever since. His ballot was cast for Hall and
Julian in 1848, when the ticket got only three votes in the tov.Ti-
ship. He made a temperance pledge for himself when a boy
tlftoen years old. Seeing the evils of drink, and I'esolving never
to touch it, ho has kept his vow to this day. Ho joined a tem-
perance society only three or four years ago, but has "lived" it
from boyhood. A member of the (Christian (New Light) Church,
and a wide-awake, thriving, successful business man. In his
youth and early manhood he did an immense amount of hard
work, his brothers and himself, as he says, clearing more land than
any other family in the township or Jperhaps in the county or
oven in the State. William Clevenger has been Road Supervisor
for fifteen yeara, and is so still. Mi'. Clevenger is a pleasant
specimen of the prosperous and successful fai'mer. Ilospitablo,
friendly, generous and enterprising, both himself and his wife
are remarkable for their worthy and estimable characters. He
has erected upon his extensive farm a substantial and commodi-
ous mansion, which will doubtless yield them pleasiu-e and com-
fort during the remainder of their lives.

Jacob Crouse was born in North Carolina in 1799; married
Hannah Johnson in 1824; emigrated to Randolph County, Ind.,
in 1832, settling one mile west of Losantsville. They have had
seven children. His wife was a Baptist. He was not himself a
member of any religious body, and in politics lived and died a
Democrat of the Jacksonian stamp and style. He entered eighty
acres of land, and he resided on the tract till his death in 1S73,
forty.one years. His wife lived only till 1864. Charles Cr.juse,
his son, still occiipios the original homestead, one mile west of
Losantsville, being, like his mother, a Baptist, and, like his fa-
ther, a Democrat.

Mark Diggs was born in North Carolina 1799, and was the
son of William Diggs, the elder, whose son William came to
White River in 181fi. Mark Diggs came to White River, Ran-

dolph County, in 1821 : married Susannah Way, daughter of Mat-
thew Way. who was brother of Paul and Henry Way, and who
died in Carolina in 1820. They had one child which died in in-
fancy. Mark Diggs settled in 1827 on the farm where his widow
now lives, near Pleasant View. He was a Friend, belonging to
the body; in politics, a Whig and a Republican. He was an Elder
in the Friends' Society, greatly respected and altogether a solid
member. He owned at the time of his death in 1878 000 acres
of land. At first^he entered 240 acres. His widow is living still
on the old homestead, which ha.s been her residence for fifty-five
years. Mrs. Mark Diggs has in her possession the family record of
old William Way, her grandfather, and the father of Paul, Henry,
William, Robert and Matthew Way, which is hero ti-anscribed.
William W^ay, son of Paul and Mary Way, born July 8, 1756;
died April U, 1839, eighty-three years; Abigail (Ozborn), bom
September 20. 1750, diedj January 2, 1829, aged sovonty-threr

Names, etc., of their children — John, born February 27, 1777,
died Juno 11, 1778; John, born December 9, 1778, died in
1856, aged seventy-eight years; Mary, born March 23, 1781;
Matthew, born January 14, 1784, di<d in Carolina 1811; Paul
W., born February 24, 17S6, died October 20, 1850, seventy-two
years old; Hannah, born November 14, 1788, died November 17,
1877; Lydia, born January 5, 1791; Henry H., born March 13,
1793, died an old man in Illinois; William, born June 7, 1795,
died an old man in Wisconsin; Abigail (Clayton), bom Novem-
ber 27, 1797, died spring 1880.

Matthew Way (above) was married in Carolina, and had two
children, dying iu 1811 by being thrown from a horse. His wife
died with her second child. Their children were: Susannah,
born January 4, 1807; Moorman, born February 9, 1808, died
in 18S1. Susannah married Mark Diggs, but has no children
living. Moorman Way was also married, but has no issue liv-

NoTK.— For other particulars, see account by Stephen Moor-
man.

[Moorman Way died in the fall of 1881, leaving his largo
fortune to his only heir, his sister. Mrs. Susannah Diggs, widow
of Mark Diggs, as above, who was already the possessor of a
considerable estate from her husband, as already described.]

Wilkerson Gray was born in Kentucky in 1 802 ; came to Wayne
County. T;id., in 1810, and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1835.
entering a tract of land one-half mile west of Losantsville, and
has lived there from that day to this. He married Matilda Long
in 1820, and has been the father of ten children, eight of them
being still living and married. His wife was born in 1805, and
died in 1847. He has been a widower for thirty-four years. He
was married very young, at eighteen years, and they had three
children before ho v/as twenty-one years of age. He lives on his
old place with his son-in-law, Isaac Crouse, having attained tlie
great age of foiu'score years, and is strong and hearty, consider-
ing the length of time that he has taiTied amidst sublunary
scenes.

Jordan Halstead was born on the way to Ohio, at Allegheny
Point, on tlio Ohio River, in 1805. His pai-ents came to Butler
County, Ohio, and then to Wayne County, Ind., in 1825. Ho
maried Nancy McClaiiahan in 1828, and came to Randolph Coun-
ty, Ind,, in 1831. They have had thirteen children. Nino are
living and nine have been married. He has resided at his pres-
ent home from the fust (fifty-one years), and he now owns 244
acres of land.

Solomon Hanscom, Pleasant View, born in Maine; moved to
Kentucky in 1839 and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1853; has
had six childi-en, and died in 1875. He was an undertaker and
cabinet maker. His business has been continued by his two sons
under the firm name of Jwmes W. Hanscom & Bro. He was a Pres-
byterian, then a Baptist and lastly a Friend. In politics, he
was at first a Democrat and afterward a Republican.

William Hendricks came early to the county, and was Justice of
the Peace twelve years. He maiTied 100 couples during his
temi of office. He was also Township Trustee ten years, and
was never defeated as a candidate for office till thi-ee years iigo,
at which time (spring of 1879) he ran for magistrate, and was

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

beaten by M. L. Kennedy. He moved to Kansas in the spring
of 1880. He was an exceedingly popular and greatly influential
man. But it happened with him as it does with scores of prom-
inent men — there comes a time when the popular feeling begins
to cool toward them And if they are shrewd enough (which
most, however, are not) to realize the fact and gracefully bow
themselves out. all goes well; but all are not thus keen-sighted,
and a struggle against fate followed by defeat is the result Mr.
Hendricks doubtless will continue in the future as during the pjist
a porsonageof influence and usefulness, retaining, as ho does, the
estimable qualities which for so many years of his earlier life
enabled him to hold so lirmly a commanding position among his

Miles Hunt was bo;:n in Kentucky September 10, 1808. He
came early to this county in 1824, at the age of sixteen, and has
been a re-nidout of Randolph fifty-eight yeara. He has boon
identified with the interests of the county for more than half a
century, repre.senting the county at one time in the State Legis-
lature when comparatively a yoving man. Mr. Hunt has raised
a large family, now grown men and women, who are now among
the useful and worthy citizens of their native commonwealth.
He has been a life-long Democrat, being one of the few who
have clung to that political faith in the face of the overwhelming
adverse majorities for many years in this Republican county.
Since the time of the Murphy revival he has been an active and
enthusiastic temperance worker, being now engaged along with
his worthy companion in the advocacy of the prohibition move-
ment. He was one of the proprietors of the town of Hnntsville
forty-seven years ago when a young man twenty-six yeai-s ago,
and he has for many years been a resident of Losantsville.
formerly Hunt's Cross Roads. Mi-. Hunt, though past three-
score years and ten, is still vigorous .and energetic, .showing
more streugtli and activity than many another person fifteen
years his Junior. Long may he survive to wave aloft the tem-
perance banner, even until he shall behold it float in triumph
over the last grim fortress of King Alcohol!

Antony Johnson came to Nettle Creek. Randolph Countv,
Ind., as soon as 1829 (may be sooner than that). He and his
wife ^e very old, he being eighty-six years old and she some
younger. They reside on a small farm northeast of Losantsville.
Full fifty years and even more have passed over their heads, for
weal and woe, in sunshine or in storm, since first this now aged
couple reared their hmnble home beneath the leafy shade of the
giant trees of Randolph forests. The ax, that mighty instru-
ment of fate in the brawny hantls of the stalwart jiioneer. has
accomplished its wonckous task, and the sun pours down u[x>n
those now denuded fields its fiery rays, where, for long ages be-
fore, its utmost power could not avail to reach. And two gen-
erations have disappeiued from sight, and been hidden beneath
the crumbling mold of the lonely graveyard. Yet these two still
survive, almost the only remnants of that early race who made
the heroic onslaught upon the mighty forests which had for so
long a time hidden the earth's genial surface deep and dai-k be-
neath its overreaching foliage. They yet remain. But not for
long. Even while I write these lines as this memorial to the
coming ages, the decree may have gone forth for them. " The
silver cord is loosed, the golden bowl is broken, the ])itcher is
broken at the fountain and the wheel is broken at the cistern.
Let the dust return to dust as it was, and the spirit return to (iod
who gave it" At any rate, for them speedily, for us .-ill iu God's
in good time, the final summons will sm-nly come.

Daniel E. Johnson h- the son of Reuben Johnson, and the
brother of L. Williams Johnson, and perhaps of others by that
name in the vicinity. Ho is a wealthy farmer, residing northeast
of Losantsville, in the fertile region of the Little White River.
He is a thriving farmer, an active business man and a prominent
Democrat. In much of Randolph County, Republican i)redomi.
nance is so strong as to cut Democrats off from all hope of pre-
ferment, and in Nettle Creek Township the Ropublican is generally
the stronger side. But the Democrats in this township are a
bold, defiant party, and sometimes, when the Republicans fall
out among themselves, the other sort strike all as one and make
a success. All honor to the sincere, upright, honest yeomanry,

who fight for country and for principle, and not for spoil. And
such, indeed, must the Democrats of Randolph be. For, buried
deep under the weight of an opposing majority, sometimes of
2,200, what but solid convictions can keep the average Randolph
County Democrat loyal and unyielding to his fealty? Party
spoils there are none for him. His view of political duty holds
him fast and firm as the " needle to the pole. "

Reuben Johnson was born in Surry County, N. C, in 1700.
He came to Hagerstown, Wayne Co., Ind., in 1830, and to Lo-
santsville in 1832, He married Mary Harville, end had nine
children. He died in 1857, and his wife in 1803. He was a
farmer, a Baptist and a Democrat. Several of his sons are liv-
ing, and are prominent citizens, residing in the vicinity of Lo-
santsville.

Lewis Williams John.son is the son of Reuben Johnson. He
was born in North Carolina in 1810, came to Hagerstown, Wavne
Co.. Ind., in 1S31, and to Nettle Creek, Randolph Co., Ind." in
1832. He married Eunice Hodgson in ISll, .and Martha A.
Canada in 1804 (who was born in 1845). He has had sixteen
children; thirteen of thorn ai-e living, seven have been married,
and .seven iire at home. He is a prominent citizen and farmer.
He is a member of the Christian (New Light) Church, and in
politics a Democrat. He has been Township Trustee and Town-
ship Assessor. Ho is also a local preacher in the denomination
to which he belongs, an estimable man and a valuable member

of 8,

iety.

George Leaky w;is bom in Tennessee in 1804, emigrated to
Clinton County, Ohio, in 1810, married Lydia Hiatt in 1823, and
moved to Randolph County, Ind., in ]83'4 His first wife died
iu 1834, ami ho married Jane (Sanders) Peters in 1830. He was
the father of ten chihken. all of whom are living, and all are
married but one. Hi? died in 1877 at the age of seveuty-tliree.
He entered at first eighty acres, and afterward 100 more, making
for himself and family an extensive and profitable fai-m. He
was a member of the Christian denomination, and died in 1877,
leaving behind a large and interesting group of descendants and
relatives.

Christian Leakv was the son of George Leaky, being born in
Clinton County, Ohio, in 1829, and coming to Randolph County.
Ind., in 1834. He married Sidney A. Snodgrass in 1854, and
they have had six childi-en. He is a member of the Christian
(New Light) Church, a farmer by vocation, living north of Lo-
santsville, and the owner of 300 acres of excellent land.

Hem-y Leaky was boru in Tennessee in 1794, being an older
brother of George Leakj'. He came to Ohio in early life, and to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1831, having married "jaue Frery a
considerable time previous. They had seven childi-en, and he
died in 1807. being sixtv-seven yefu-s old. Ho was a farmer anil
had filled the ofiice of Justice of thePeace, both in Indiana and
for a long time in Ohio, besides which, moreover, he held, dur-
ing one t«rm, the position of County Commissioner of Randolph.
In religious connection, he belonged to the body calling them-
selves Christians.

.Vnna Leaky (^NIcGunnigill Snodgrass) mamed Charles Mc-
Guunigill, who came from South Carolina to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1834. Mr. McGunnigill was born in 1801, and died in
1802. She has had ten children; seven of the children are liv-
ing, and six liave been married. She is now the wife of William
Snodgrass, whose biography is given elsewhere.

David Metzgar lived south of Losantsville. Ho died in 1874.
One of his sons died in Andersonville Prison. His daughter
(wife of Frank Burroughs) livas on the old homestead, one and
one-half miles south of Losantsville. He was a prominent citizen
of Nettle Creek, but we have not at hand at this wi-iting ma-
terial for a more extended biogi'aphy.

William Shullabarger came to Randolph County sixty years
since. When ho settled in Nettle Creek is not certainly known.
He was killed many years ago by the falling of a tree upon him.
His widow married William C. Hendricks, an account of whom
is elsewhere given.

Hamilton Snodgrass has beeu a resident of Nettle Creek for
more than half a century. His boyhood days were spent in dif-
ferent places, and in three States — Tennessee, Ohio and Indiana.

Res. OF Isaac Routh, Nettle Creek Tp. Randolph, Co. Ind.

Mark Oiggs.

MARK DIGGS.

Mark Dtgqs, deceaaed, was born in North Carolina April 23,
iTiiy. Ho was the son of William and Fannie Diggs, and was the
fifth of a family of nine children. He was raised on a farm and
received a meager education from i.hf. schools of his native State. As
ii boy, he was remarkable for his honesty, morality and industry. In
his earli'T life were planted the seeils of Christian integrity, whfch
ripened into an abundant harvest in later yeara. He came to this
county in corupany with his parents, in the year 1822, and settled
two miles li.'^i of Winclioster, his fatner purchasing 160 acres of
land with s!:g;.i impro^'ement's, iianng a log cabin, a few acres cleared
aiid an orchard. At the time of his settlement on this farm, there
were but two log cabins upon the ground now occupied by the town
of Winchester. His father lived on this farm until the death of
hh wife, when he made his home with his daughter, Ann Moor-

man, with whom he lived until his death. Mark Diggs wa«, mar-
ried to Susannah Way, November 9, 1826. After marriage, Mr. and
Mrs. Diggs settled on a farm in Nettle Creek Township, the same
upon which the widow now resides. He entered 160 acres of fer-
tile land, and through his untiring industry put it in a high state
of cultivation. He lived on this farm until his death, which oc-
curred June 6, 1878, at the age of seventy-nine years. He has
but one brother living, William Diggs, who lives at Earlham, Iowa.
Mark Diggs was a hard working man, and very economical in his
habits. He accumulated quite a large estate, a portion of which
his wife inherited. He had a birthright in the Society of Friends,
and was a valuable and useful member of the church, having filled
many important places of trust. He was quiet and reserved in
his habits, and it was those who knew him best that loved him
much.

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

Ho was born in Tenuessoe in 1807, came to Ohio in 1811 and to
Indiana in 1813, and to Randolph County in 1830. He has been
twice married, and both his wives are dead. The first was Bet-
sey Dixon, married in 1828. The second was Polly Ann (Street)
Burroughs. She died in 1880. Mr. Snodgra-^s has had six chil-
dren, is a farmer by occupation and a Democrat in politics. He
resides a mile north of Losantsville. As would appear by the
dates given above, his entire early and middle life was that of a
pioneer. Born in Tennessee, near the opening of the centmy,
brought to Ohio about the commencement of Tecumseh's war of
1811, and taken to Indiana in 1813 when only nine years old,
changing his residence still again while yet only a young man in
his prime, barely twenty-thi-ee years of ago, this time to the then
wild and unsettled regions of Kandolph, it is clear that for him
his palling in life was to march at the front and be a strong and
gallaTit leader and one of the advance guard to the mighty army
of civilization that were erelong to take full and permanent pos-
session of the beautiful and glorioas western wilderness. And
he could well and worthily sing to the echoes of his resounding
ax-blows and to the crackling crash of the mighty tree-trunks.
But that song is for this region nearly done — the giants of the
" grand old woods " have disappeared, and in their stead a puny,
sickly race shabbily and scantily fill the places bo long and so
splendidly hiding the face of the gi-ound beneath their deep,
dark shades.

John SnoJgrass was born in Virginia in 1763, moved to Ten-
n.>ssee in 1803, to Ohio in 181 1, to Hem-y County, Ind., in 1813,
and to llandolph County, Ind., in 1830. Ho had eight children.
His wife was lihoda Mays, and he was married in Virginia long
before he began his wanderings to find a suitable home. He
was an old man when he came to Randolph, sixty-seven years of
age, but his stay was but short among his children and friends.
He died in 183-1, and his wife eleven years after her husband, in
1845. Four of the children are living still. His residence was
about a mile north of Losantsville. He was a, farmer and a Dem-
ocrat Think of the life of this sturdy pioneer. Forty years
among the rugged mountains of Virginia, eight years amid the
forests of Tennessee, two, years in Ohio through the Indian war
of 1811-13, seventeen years buried in the woods of Henry Coim-
ty, Ind, and when within three years of his allotted threescore
and ten, plunging yet once more, and for the hist time, into the
heart of the deep, unbroken forests of Randolph County, and
lying down at length after so many tedious and wearisome years,
beneath the oaks and the beeches, to die and be forever at rest,
while hia friends and his comrades, gathering aiwind his mortal
remains, sadly but hopefully say, "Life's fitful fever over, he

William Snodgras
brother of Hamilton
1809. He married Betsey Gray
Gunnigill in 1870. He has had (^
and all married. He came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1830
moved to Iowa in 1854, and returned to Nettle Creek, in 18GU.
Ml-. Snodgrass is a farmer and a Democrat, somewhat advanced
in years, but active and attentive to business. He is quiet, mod-
est, unobtrusive in his manners, diligent and frugal in his busi-
ness and careful and economical in his management, sincere in
his own convictions and tolerant of those who may cliauce to
difier with him. He resides on a farm north of Losantville, car-
rying on an extensive business in that line.

Lemuel Wiggins, Losantville, wr.s born in Hocking Countv,
Ohio, in 1820; came to Hagersto\TO, Ind.; thence he removed to
Blountsville, Henry County, and la.stly, to Losantville, in 18u8.
His first wife died of cholera in Blountsville. His second wife
was Mary Stanley. He has had ten children. Mr. W. is an en-
terprising man, a sterling Republican and an active INIethodist.
He has been Township Trustee two years, is a merchaut. a hotel-
keeper; also a farmer, owning several farms; is Postmaster of
the town, and a wide-awake, positive, energetic business man.
He has been an extensive stock-raiser, as also a producer of
fruit, since he has on the land ho owns twelve orchards.

George W. Wine was a native of Loudoun County. Va., being
born in 1703, and he died in Kosciusko County, Ind., in 1804,

1 of John Snodgrass and the
He was born in Tennessee in
n 1836, and Anna (Leaky) Mc-
ght children; seven are l;'

aged seventy one veal's. Ho married Margaret Durbin in Ken-
tucky in 1817 (born 1790). He came to Ohio in 1802 (or before),
to Wayne County, Ind., in 1829, and to Randolph County, Ind.,
in 1834. They moved to Kosciusko Coimty. Ind., in 18(j1, and he
died there in 1804. They have had fourteen children, eleven of
whom became grown, ten have been married and nine are still
living. His widow resides at Losantsville, and belongs to the
Christian (Now Light) Church.

Jlr. Wine was a soldier in the war of 1812, and received a
pension, which, since his death, has been transferred to his
widow, who receives it still. It is a noteworthy fact that he
emigrated to Ohio just eighty yeai-s ago, during the very year,
moreover, on which that now rich and powerful commonwealth
became a member of the Federal Union, and has resided in that
State during twenty-seven long andevontful years of the impor-
tant formative i)eriod, when all was new and wild and rough,
leaving it at length as long ago'as the' first year of " Old Hick-
ory's" first term in the Presidency, now fifty-three yeai-s gone by.

Hicks K. Wright was an early settler in that region, and a
very prominent citizen for many years. He was County Cojn-
missioner several terms, and also Township Trustee a long time,
dying while in that office. Ho was an Episcopal Methodist. He
raised a large family, several of whom are now living. Mr. W.
died oiily a few years ago. His life is worthy, doubtless, of a
larger and more definite mention in a history of Randolph; yet.
while many, even of the prominent citizens, must be omitted,
and only a few in all can bo commemorated, it happens that our
present subject falls among the great multitude concerning whom
we have failed to obtain suitable materials for an extended

JOHN BOROUGHS, farmer, V. 0. Losantville, was born in this counly
NoTember 1, 18:W. His father, John Boroughs, was a iialive of Virginia,
born February U, 1793 ; his mother, Martha (Chambers) Borouglis, was born
in North Carolina May 8, 1799. Mr. Boroughs was married Maroh 25, 1858.
to Sarah J. Pollard, who was born in Wayne County, Ind., September 24, 1840.
Her parents were natives of Indiana. This union has been blessed with two
children— Lillie B., born October 7, 1861, who was married to .lames N. John-
son, of this county ; Lillie B.. deceased October 11, 1881. Their son, Jesse P.,
was born August 9, 1807, and is s bright, promising lad, of whom his father is
very proud, Mr. Boroughs has a good farm of 120 acres; be is a sterling
gentleman, and commands the respect and confidence of all who know him.

WILLIAM BOROUGHS, farmer, P. 0. Losantville, was born in Nettle
Creek Township, this county, March 21, 1832. His father, John Boroughs,
was a native of Virginia, born February 0, 1793 ; his mother, Martha (Cham-
bers) Boroughs, was born in North Carolina May 8, 1799. Mr. Boroughs was
educated in the district schools of the county. Was married December 18,
1851, to Edith Lumpkin, who was born in this SUte February 9, 18.33 ; her
parents were natives of Tennessee. This union has been blessed with eight
childreu, viz., Louisa J., born October 1, 1852; Erastus, April 25, 1854; Free-
ly, June 18, 1858; Alonzo, April 3, 1860; Alfred L., September 7, 1863;
Bora A., April 25, 186fi; Harlan, February 14, 1872; Arthur, May 28, 1874.
Mr. Boroughs owns a well-improved farm of 330 acres. He is a friend to
education, a supporter and advocate ot good schools, and ever stands ready to
aid in advancing general improvements in his community. Peaceable, temper-

' CHARLES H. BARRAX, saw'-milling, Goodview, was born in Virginia
July 15, 1827. His parents were natives of Virginia. Mr. Barrax was edu-
cated at West Elk, Ohio. He was married, July 12, 1860, to Sarah Robinson,
who was born in this counly May 17, 1836, and the same year moved to Rich-
mond, Ind., where they remained for eight years. They have had born to
them one child, Mjnnie, born March 9, 1866. In 1868, they settled where
they now reside. Since then, Mr. Barriix has been engaged in the grocery,
drug and saw-milling business. He served for a term of eighteen months as
Postmaster of the office at that time known as Melancthon but since changed to
Goodview. He is now giving his whole attention to. and successfully conduct-
ing his saw-mill, which is located in Section 23. Mr. Barrax is an energetic,
enterprising gentleman.

JONATHAN CANADY, farmer, P. 0. Losantville, was born in North Caro-
lina August 3. 1821. His father, Walter, and mother, Hannah (Adamson)
Canady, were natives of North Carolina. Mr. Canady came to this State with
his parents when eight years of age; was educated in the common schools of
the county. Mr. Canady has been engaged in the mercantile business at lial-
ton, Bluntsville and Windsor. At the latter place, he lost his store and its

moved from the farm where he now resides, having lived there for the pa.st
eighteen years. Mr. Canady was married, December 22, 1843, to Susunah
Moore, who was born in Ohio April 10, 1823 ; her parents were natives of Virginia.
This union has been blessed with children, twelve of whom lived to the age
of maturity, and one who is dead. The living ones are Mary J., born Febru-
ary 13, 1844; Martha A., November 14, 1845; Louisa, February 18, 184B;
Martin L., August 7, 18J8; iSilns A., July 18, 1854 ; William W., December 8, '
1865 ; Etha L., died February 26, 1876 ; Enos, born October 2, 1856; Melissa E.,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

JIftrch 7, 1858; Preotioe A., December 8, 185!); Emma J., Jjinuary 23, 1803,
and Lillie V,, April 26, 1804, of whom nine of tlie twelve have Uught .ichool
in the Boliools of this county. Mr. CunaJy owns a well-improved farm of 171
acres in Sections 34 and 4. Is a consistent member of the Christian llhurch,
and is a sterling gentleman, highly respected by a large circle of friends and
acquaintances, and is a lover of education and always in favor of good schools.
1'. A. and Lillie, his youngest son and daughter, are attending Mcrom School,
and P. A. will graduate this year at said college.

MAHLON H. OHAMNESS, farmer, P. 0. Dalton, was born in this county
.Innuary 24, 1840, and since that time has resided within a short distance of
his birthplace. His father, Joshua, was born in North Carolina in 1800, and his
mother in same Slate in 1809, and deceased April 22, 1881. They moved to this
county in the year 1832. The subject of this sketch was married in 18iV2 to Miss
Emily J. IloJgin, who was born in Randolph C'iunty, Ind. Their union has
been blessed with three children — Jjorinda .\., born January 17. 1805; Mary
A., October 13, 18G7 ; Albert, August 19, 1873; Mary A diwl March 4, 1.S7.S.
Mr. Chauiness is an energetic and ' ■ — -■- •'-- '^i -■ '■ i7-;_-i-

officc of Justice of the Peace in 1878, and again re-elected in 1882. In 1880,
he was appointed enumerator No. 171 in the Third District, under the super-
vision of Hon. J. W. llidenower. He has filled all of these important offices
with credit to himself and satisfaction to hia constituents. He is an efficient
and active member of Losanlville Lodge, No. 232, 1. 0. O. V., and Hagcrslown
Encampment, No. 25. He has passed all the chairs of his lodge twice, been
times elected Delegate to the Grand Lodge, has held the office of Secretary

veil r

1 gentle

f high social n

Johi

ipected by a large circle ^f ocqiiai

JOH!* C. CLEVEXGER.
C. Clevenger, is a farmer, and .son of Samuel B. and Alaiy Clev
' ' ■• ■ • • " ' ', robruary 12, 1830. He is thi

indolph County, li
fourth of a family of twelve children, eight ol whom are now Jiviug. ms
father was born in Virginia February Vk 1802: hi.s mother (Mary Truiil) Wiis
born in Maryland February 14, 180!'. .\fter ijiarriage, his parents settled in
Clinton County, Ohio, and after renuiiiiing here for a numoer of years they
removed to Kaudolph County and .settled in Stony (^Ircek Township. They
remained there on a rented farm about three years, then purchased eighty
acres, and held it till 1850, when they .sold out and purchased the farm now
owned by the subject of this sketch, where they remaincil until their deaths.
Mrs. Clevenger died May 24, 1S04, and Mr. Clevetiger died November 30,
181.5. John lived with his father on the farm until his marriage, which oc-
curred August 23, 1855; he was married to Amy A. Aker, of Randolph
County. Mr. Clevenger obtained a fair education from the common district
tchools of the county. After his marriage, he settled on his father's farm,
■ ■ 1 he moved upon a farm owned by

Elisl

nained i

le of purchni

nhe

1 the farm h

sisted of 160 acres, a large portion of which was unimproved. It now co
siets of 240 acres, of whicli about 200 are under cultivalion. This farm
well located and of a good quality of soil. Mr. and Mrs. Clevenger are t:
parents of thirteen children, of whom eight .ire living. Mr. Clevenger till
iates with the Democratic party, and was elected to the office of Justice of t
Peace in 1872, .and served for four years. He was elected Township Trustee
1878, and served two terras. In both of these offices he served tiie peof
faithfully and honestly. He is an honored member of Windsor Lodge, ^
017, I. 0. 0. F. In addition to farming, Mr. Clevenger is eng.aged in buyi
and shipping stock of all kinds. Mr. and .Mrs. Clevenger are both iudustrio
and frugal people, well situated in life, and honored and useful citizens.

MARTIN L. CAN.VDY.

Martin L. tVin.'
a is the sou of
n\ in Randolph C

Mar

OL Losnntville.

's boy, and rt

il educ;

;t schools of

under the supervision of Prof. Ferris. He began tenohiiig in the public
schools of this county when he was eighteen years of age, and has taught dur-
ing the winter almost continuously ever since. At this writing, he Is iu charge
of the school of his native town, Losontville. Mr. Caoaily has been eminently
successful as a teacher and educator, and has done much V..r the cnuse of odu-
■ r ouny JJ ws a IV I 31. J.^r,!'. t., Miss SaliVrni.i
L Noel n Im lie y 1 ly d ly 1 l.i.r <■: .ii:w- in.l s,. ,„

n Trustc

;r of tl

lodge. He takes a deep interest in the welfare of the orde
ively engaged in its interest. He and his estimable lady are acceptable mem-
bers of the Christian Church at Lo8antvilIe,'Rnd honored and useful members
of the community in which they reside.

HAMILTON P. FRANKS.
Hamilton P. Franks, phy.siciaa and surgeon, was born in H.ardin County,
Ohio, March 8, 18411; he is the son of Peter and Mary (Brown) Franks, and
is the si.tth of a family of seven children, of whom four are now living. His
father was born in Fayette County, Penn., December 17, 1813, and moved to
Ohio with hjis parents when he was but three months |0ld ; his mother was
born in Perry County, Ohio, November 11, 1817. After marriage, they settled
on a farm in Hardin County, where they remained for a. number of years, and
subsequently removed to Licking County, where Peter franks died April 24,
1878, and where Mary Franks, his widow, siiU resides. The subject of this
sketch was raised on a farm until he was fifteen years at age, engaging in the
duties common to the life of farmer boys, and receiving a liberal education
from the common schools. At the age above mentioned, he commenced tho
study of dentistry with Dr. McBriar, of Newark, Ohio, with whom he re-
mained for two years, when ho located at ThornviUe, Perry Co., Ohio, and
engaged in the practice of his profession. During his sojourn at ThornviUe,
he commenced the study of medicine, which he prosecuted with vigor in con-
nection with the practice of dentistry. He remained in ThornviUe until Sep-
tember, 1871, when he came to this county and located at Pleasant View, Net-
tle Creek Township, and engaged in the practice of me.licine. He continued
to practice iu the above-named place until August, 1874, when he moved to
ille of the snme lowtH.^hip, where he has since resided, and engaged in

y School 0

Medicio
t Indiai

id several several ii

■'!•■■ '■'■''■ I'r, I 1 :-iL-.,iiili.>..jh :, mi.ij-iritively youngpbysi.

I" i . '■•■: -I-. He. is a diligent atudcut, and keeps tnoroughly posted

i-i I'hises of his profession. He is well adapted by nature to

li.' .Uoice, and has a brilliant prospective career.

11.. n i iM.ii I ill niarri.age, November 8, 1870, to Miss Louisa A. McKin-
nnii ; bis excellent wife is the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Arbogast)
.McKinuon. and w.as born in Logan County, Ohio, April 20, 1849; her parents
are both living, and reside in Union County, Ohio; her father was born in
Clark County, Ohio, February 22, 1811, .lud her mother February 4, 1813.
Dr. and Mrs. Franks are the parents of two living children, four having died
in infancy— Jessie M. was born November 8, 1872 ; Mary 0., November 18,
1881. The Doctor and wife are acccpUvble and honored members of the Meth-
odist Kpisc.pal Church. The Doctor is also a member of Losantville Lodgt\
No. 232, I. O. O. F., and a prominent member of the Randolph County .Medical
Sociely. lie has recently erected a handsome two-story frame residence at
Losumvillc, convenient and commodious. An exact sketch of the same is
given in this work. Dr. and Mrs. Franks arc honored and useful citizens of
the county and valuable members of society.

J. W. HANSCOM & BUG., undertaking and furniture, Goodview. J. W.
and J. S. Hauscom, were both born in Kentucky, the former November 9, 1842,
and the latter July 15, 1 853. They were educated at the Bourbon County Semi-
nary, near Paris, Ky. Their father, Solomon Hanscom, was a native of Maine,
their mother, Margaret (Ross) Hansconib, was born in Kentucky. Iu 1855,
they moved with their parents to Franklin, Johnson Co., Ind., where they re-
mained for one year; they then settled at Pleasant View, where they now reside.
On their arrival at this place, their father opened an undertaking and furni-
ture establishment, which he continued to conduct until 1808, when he retired
from business ; his sons then formed a copartnership as above for the purpose
(if oxleiiling and continuing the business that their father had successfully
< in 1. i .ill before them. These gentlemen are now doing an extensive business,
i : i I r establishment may be found a largo and well-selected stock of that
"Is usually foun.l in tin undertaking house. J. W. Hauscom w:i3
lii II ;. I April li), 1870, to Elizabeth Stump, who was born in Delaware Coun-
IV. In.l , .\..venihcr 28, 1849. Their union has been blessed with four children
-Mviilo v., Leni L., Rufus R. and Maud.

JONATIIA.S J. JONES, farmer, P. 0. Losantville, was born in Henry
County, Ind., September 4, 1830; his father, Jacob Jones, was a native of
North Carolina, bum December 23, 1793 ; his mother, Matilda (Chappie) .Tones,
was also a native of North Carolina. Jlr. Jones was married, February 14,
1801, to Susan Coialt, who was boru in Ohio May 12, 1837. This union has
been blessed with six children, viz., Thomas D., born September 2, 1803 ; .John-
ny, born October 19, 180() ; Louis T., bom August 27, 18f>9; Mollie J., born
Heplember 11, 1872 ; Eddie, born April 13, 1875 ; Charles, born December 24,
1878. Mr. Joucs moved to this county in 1880 ; ho owns a well improved farm
of IGO acres in Sections 14 and 16. Mr. Jones is a genial gentleman, and since
his arrival into the county, has gained the respect and confidence of all who
know him. Is also a prominent member of the I. 0. 0. F. at-Losantville.

ISAAC R. .MAULSBY, farmer. P. 0. Losantville, was born in this county
November 0, 1840; his father, Thomas Maulsby, was born in Tennessee Jan-
uary .'), 1805; his mother, Mary (Key) Maulsby, was a native of Virginia. Mr.
Maulsby was married, September 27, 1805, to Miss MaunieCory, who was born

SuSANNAH DiGGS.

SUSANNAH (WAY) DIGGS,

the widow of Mark Diggs, was bom in Mulberry District,

South Carolina, January 4, 1807. She is the daughter of

Matthew and Agnes (Moorman) Way, and is the oldest of

two children, and the only one now surviving, her oriJy

brother, Hon. Moorman Way, a pioneer and noted lawyer of

Winchester, having died in 1881. She was left an orphan,

when she was but a little more than one year old, and was

raised and educated by her grandparents, William and Abi-
gail Way, with whom she came to this county, hi 1816, and

settled in White River To^^nship. Her educational advan-

lages were very poor, the county at this time being an almost

ufibroken wilderness, and the schools were of the old pioneer

kind. She was a hard-working woman, possessing a remark-
ably strong constitution, a.nd practiced the strictest economy.
She was married to Mark Diggs, as stated in his biograf>hy.
Since his death, she has remained on the old homestead, and
managed her financial affairs with marked ability. She was
of inestimable advantage to her husband in managing his
affairs. She spun and wove all of the weiring apparel of her-
self and husband for a great many years. She has never had
any children of her own, but has partially raised and edu-
cated several. She has been an acceptable member of the
Friends' Church all her life, is remarkably well preserved for
one of her age, and honored by all who know her.

;^^^,„J._^_\l^, ^^i_ ^u,. _^_il,._.4:^-^^^^^^.^^

Res. OF M.LCanady.LOSANTVILLE. Nettle Creek Tp. Randolph. Co. Ind.

H^aMii^jJf^^^

f^^fi'^M^,

Res OF yh O . J^/Hh-i^xJ.^

sM^^^^k,

qZ^. LooANTville, Nettle Creek Ip. Randolph Co.Ind.

NATHAN GARRETT.
This honored and useful citizen was bora in Guilford County. N. C, No-
vember 19, 1806. He is the son of Caleb and Befuiah (Jaclcson) Garrett, and was

removed from North Carolina about the year 1817, and settled in Salem, Ind.,
where Nathan received the greater portion of his education. From Salem his
parents went to Danville, Ind., where they both died. Nathan was eighteen
years of age when he came to Randolph County. He settled near Unlonsport, and
for several years engaged as teacher in the public schools. He was accounted a
remarkable scholar for his time, having a Icnowledge of the classics as well as the
common branches. As a teacher he was eminently successful, doing much to
elevate the standard of education in the county. He was first married to Sarah
Puckett, daughter of Joseph and Mary Puckett, of this county. After marriage
he settled near Buena Vista, where he continued to teach in the public schools.
He was the father of five children as fruits of his first marriage, and seven of his
second. He was elected to the office of County Sheriff in the year 1885, and
served for two terms. He was again elected to the ofllce of County Auditor in
the year 1848, and served in this capacity for fourteen years. That he served the
people of the county faithfully as their public servant, his continuance in office
for eighteen years is the best evidence. It is said of his services that he was
complete master of all of the details of the offices that he filled. It is stated upon
unquestionable authority that he could locate by section every resident of Ran-
dolph County at the time he was serving as County Auditor. He was called to
mourn the death of his wife June, 1849. He was united in a second marriage to
Mrs. ilalinda R. Strahan December 24, I860, who still survives. After a resi-
dence in Winchester for ten years after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Garrett settled
upon a farm of 20O acres in Nettle Creek Township, where they continued to
reside until Mr, Garrett's death, which occurred October 7, 1871, at the age of
sixty-four years. He enlisted in Seventh Indiana Cavalry, under Col. J. P. C.
Shanks and Lieut. Col. T. M. Browne, June, 1862. He enlisted as a private, but
was soon promoted. He held the position of Quartermaster with the rank of
First Lieutenant. As a soldier he«arved his country faithfully, and cast his
might on the side of right when she trembled in the balance. And he lived to
see the right prevail, and the shackles stricken from four mUlions of bondsmen.
Mr. Garrett was a true patriot, and to him his beloved country was everything
while men were nothing. He served his country faithfuUy for a term of three
years, and was mustered out with his regiment at the close of the war. He re-
turned to his home, where he remained until his death, conscious of the fact that
he had done his whole duty to both his country and fellow-men; he had only to
await the summons "come up higher," In politics, Mr. Garrett was an ardent
and uncompromising Republican, and was ever active and vigilant in the support
of the party of his choice. It may truthfully be said of Mr. Garrett that ha was
one man in ten thousand that are eminently fitted for serving the people. He

s too greaf for

characteristics of this re
forgot a face nor a name. An example of his remarkable memory is
connection with his history as County Auditor. Thus lived and died or
dolph County's most honored citizens, a faithful public servant, a brave
devoted husband, and an affectionate father, whose memory will ever t
throughout coming ages.

MALTNDA R. GARRETT.
This venerable lady is the daughter of Rev. I
of Nathan Garrett, and was bom in Fleming
Her father was bom in Tennessee March 26, 1790. and her mother in Kentucky
March 26, 1791. Malinda is the third of a family of ten children, of whom six
are still living. Her parents settled in the State of Kentucky, where they rc-

which occurred September 26. 1880. Her father removed to Indiana about the
year 1868, and settled in Randolph County. He purchased a large Inul of land
in this county, where he lived untU his death, October 29, 1869. Malinda lived
with her parents until she was eighteen years of age, when she was united in
marriage to Geoi^e T. Strahan. of Kentucky, July 14, 1835. After marriage,
they settled on a farm in their native State, where they continued to reside until
the death of Mr. Strahan, which occurred April 17, 1847. After the lapse of one
year Melinda removed to Indiana with her children, and settleJ on her father's
farm in this county, where she remained until her marriage with Nathan Garrett
December 34, 1850. Mr. and Mrs. Garrett lived in Winchester, this county, for
ten years after their marriage, when they purchased the farm where Malinda now
lives. This farm consists of 200 acres, with 120 under cultivation. Mrs. Garrett

her former husband she is the mother of four children, and by the hitter seven.
Her sons, David and S. P. Strahan, were gallant soldiers during the late war.
David was the second enlisted soldier of Randolph County, Col. T. F. Colgrove
being the first, and S. P. Strathan was ttie third to enlist, and the first wounded
in battle. He was wounded in the battle of Rich Mountain. Being the flrat
wounded soldier that enlisted in the county, after his rettu-n home he was visited

wounded soldier. These sons of Mrs. Garrett did gallant service in the defense
of their country, and were honorably discharged. She is an industrious and fru-

gal w

leful member <

NETTLE CREEK TOWNSHIP.

1 four chil-

and raiseil in Henry Connly, InJ. Tlicir unioc

daen— Pliila C, bora Jlay 14, 1867; Amy V.,

bert 0., born August 30, 1873 ; Stephen C, born July 13, 1877. Mr. Maulsby

owns a fine farm of 200 acres. Is a licentiate minister in tlio Baptist Oliurch,

and is ever willing and ready to aid in any enterprise that tends to elevate and

enlighten his fellow-man.

RICHARD J. MAULSBY, farmer, V. 0. Economy, was born in the house
where he now resides, December 12, 1847. Thomas Maulsby, his father, wis
born in Tennessee January 6, 180.3 ; his mother, Mary Maulsby, was a native
of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was married, January 1, 1870, to Miss
Ellen Hunt, who was boru in this county June 7, 1851. Her parents were
natives of North Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Maulsby have Iiad born to them three
children— .Mary E., born July 7, 1871 ; Thomas M., born November 21, 1872,
and Oliver E., born December 9, 1877. Mr. Maulsby was educated in the Ha-
gerstown Academy and the district schools of this county. He is an enterpris-
ing farmer, and one who believes in advancement. lias oi his firm some im-
proved breeds of stock and poultry. Mr. Maii'sby is a hospitable, genial gen-
tleman, and worthy of imitation.

SAMUEL NOKTSKER, farmer, P. 0. Goodview.waSborn in Ohio November
16, 1834. His father. Christian Noftsker, was borii in Pennsylvania November
22, 1800. His mother, Rachel (Parish) Noftsker, was a native of Ohio, born
August 10, 1812. Samuel Noftsker, with his parents, settled in Delaware Coun-
ty, Ind., in 1837, where they vemained until after the death of his father in
1869, when he, with hia mother, settled where they now reside. Mr. Noftsker
was educated in the district schools ; has a good farm of forty acres in Section
14. Mr. Noftsker and mother are members of the Christian Church. Mr.
Noftsker is a gentleman highly respected by all who know him. Mr. Noftsker
was married, in 1882, to Miss Julia Freer, who was horn in this county.

WILLIAM 0AKER30N, farmer, P. 0. Neff, was born in Kentucky April
1, 1808. His father and mother, John and E iz.abeth (Todd) O.iker.-ion, were
natives of Maryland. Mr. Oakerson was married, March 20, 1828, to Mary
Vallandingham, who w.vs born in Kentucky J.anuary 5. 1804. Her parents
were natives of Tennessee. They had born to them six children, of whom but
two arc living— James F. M., born June 24, 1835. and Alfred T., born January
9, 1843. July 27, 1870, Mr. Oakerson was called upon to mourn the loss of his
wife, and has since been living with his son Alfred, at the old home ; except the
past year, he has been living wiih his son James at the old homesteail. Mr.
Oakerson is an earnest worker in the Chri.slian Cburch. Owns a fine farm of 180
acres in Section 23. Is an honest, upright gentleman, who has giiaed the
confidence and respect of a large circle of acriuainlances.

BURREL PIRKENS, farmer, 1". 0. Winchester, was born in Tennessee in
1813. His father, Stephen Pirkens, was a native of Virginia; his mother was
born in Tennessee. Mr. Pirkens lived with John C. Carmichael until about
eighteen years of age, when he becanio weary of the hardships that were daily
imposed upon him, and concluded to leave his employer and seek his fortune
elsewliere. For several years Mr. Pirkens was engaged in various avocations in
Tennessee and along the river of that name. Mr. ' Pirkens has been married
three times. His first wife, Mary Reeves, w.as a native of South Carolina, and
bore' him seven children, viz., Harrison, .John, Priscilla, StopluMi, Levi, Joel and
Daniel. His second wife. Judy Felton, was bori) in X.: ;, ^ i ': .. Mi-. Pir-
kens' third and present wife, Mahala Scott, is lli" i liMren—
Delmetia, Oda and Julian. Mr. Pirkens is a m^ii , M 'ihod-
ist Episcopal Church, and is an ardent worker in in I 'Ciuseof
Christ. He has a neat farm of seventy-two acres, m I ;- ;i i 1 n I to be au
enterprising citizen.

ISAAC ROUTH.

This substantiiil and honored citizen is the son of James and .Mary
(Itnolen) Routh, and was born in Wayne County, Ind., August 3, 1H2'J.
He is the fourth of a family of twelve children (trn males and two fe-
nr.iles), of whom four are now living. His father was born in Tennessee July
14, 1805, and his mother in Ohio in the year I80S. His fither moved to In-
diana about the year 182.5, and settled in Wayne County, very sion after which
his first wife died. He, was subsequently marriel to Mary Hooten about the
year 1828. Aboufthree years after this, he moved to Raudolpii C)uniy. and
purchased 120 acres of unimproved land in Nettle Creek Towu'iliip ; lie liri' I
upon this piece of land about twelve years, when he sold it.iuid li m;,?lil I do
acres in the same township, where he lived for twenty yevr< wIk-ti lie sil 1 out
and removel to the State of Kansas, where he reiiaiiuid fir a sli in time, then
returned (o Indiana and remained for two year*. « li ;i ti • rr n >\. I i" ilii> State
oflllinois, where his wife ilied, August, 1S65. Ho,'. ^ ; liunand

made his homo, with his son Isaac until his de.ith, i i ■, filher

on the farm until he w.as tweaty-two yoin .if i.'^ , ,! i i i i • .;uiuinoa

district school in winter, and four min'ii^ v ih" '' ■ ■ ,n,,i.u> ,u, Muncie.

Ry his industry he obtained a goo I i: <i\- ; : II • \vi: eogiged in

teaching school during the winter t'lr i , : In (his work ho wai

very successful. He was married in M , > : ; i .^'ucr of .lacob and

Hannah Crouse of this county, NovemiiT I : l^'.t Mi r inreuts were natives
of North Carolina. After marria.ge .Mr. Rquth seulcl on a farm of eighty acres,
situated immediately south of the one he now ovvqs, where he lived abiut ten
ye.ars, when he sold out and puro'iased 120 acrej joining his present farm. Hia
farm at present consists of 200 acres, with 100 acres well Improved. His farm is
gently rolling and very productive, and supplied wilh au abundance of water.
He has excellent buildings, being large an! conveaient. His dwelling house
WIS erected in 1870, one and a half stories in height, and is a model of con-
venience. It is situate! on a cammandin.5 knoll surr,iunded by shade trees.
Mr. and Mrs. Routh are the parents of eleven children, six of whom are living
—Maria J., born Ootobsr 25, 1852 deceased September 21, 1853 ; Charles W.,
bornSeptember 8, 1851; William R., April 18, 1557, uecea^e^ February 20,
1860; Hamah E, born April 2 I,. 18-39 : .Tam^s 0., March 22, 18')1 ; Jacob W..
March 24, 1863, deceased September 9, 1864; Alves T., horn Febniary 3, 1
Milo 0., Novembers, 1867: MirthaE, September 19, 1869; Joseph

May 20, 1873,' deceased September 7, 1873^ Omer E., born September I, 1877,
deceased September 23, 1877. One son, Charles W., is married and lives near
his father; the remainder of the living children are at home with their parents.
Mr. and Mrs. Routh and three of their children are acceptable members of
the Christian Church. Mr. Rjuth is a Demooral in political preferment, and
has served one term as Township Trustee. He joined the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge in
li?62, and remained an honored member until 1865, when he voluntarily with-
drew, having a prospect at that time of leaving the State. Mr. and Mrs. Routh
are industrious and lead a quiet but upright life, and are beloved by all who

Cuiiii.ES Wbslev Rourii, son of Isaac and Marv Routh, was born in
Randolph County September 8, 1854. He is the second of a family of eleven
children; he lived on the farm with his parents until he was twenty-two
years of age ; he received his education at the common district schools of the
county, and obtained a very fair English education. After his twenty-second
year, he rented land of his father for about five years, when he purchased
seventy-six acres where-;l>e now resides. He was married to Sophrona Leeka,
daughter of Christian atid, Sidney Leeka, of Randolph Cbunty, April 19, 1876.
Mr and Mrs. Routh are honored members of the Christmn Church. Mr.
Routh affiliates with Uie Democratic party. Mr. and Mrs. Routli have a pleas-
ant home, and are industrious and frug.al and honored citizens.

IRA SMITHSON, farmer, P. O. Neff, was born in Ohio November 30, 1829.
His father and mother were natives of Virginia. Mr. Smithson when ten years
old came with his parents to this county; was married to Eliza J. Thornburg,
March 20, 1832, who died January 15, 1850. Mr. Smithson was again mar.
ried to Christena Clevenger, August '2i, 1852, who was born in this county
April 16, 1835. This union has been blessed with four children — Eliza J.,
born July 23, 1853; Edward W , February 18, 1856; Lorinda E.. December
30, 18G2 ; and Oliver P., July 3, 1867. Mr. Smithson settled on the farm of
sixty acres where he now resides, in 1852. He was educated in the district
schools of the county; he is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Smithson
is an enterprising farmer and well respected by all who know him. His son,
Oliver P., was born blind ; he has .attended three terms of school for the blind
at Indianapolis and has made considerable proficiency.

CHARLES n. SMOTHERS, farmer, P. 0. Trenton. He resides in Nettle
Creek Township. Jlr. Smuthers was bora in Virginia February 25, 1833. His
father, Cliarles, and his mother Evaline (Early) Smuthers, were natives of Vir-
ginia. When Charles H. was ten years old, his parents came with him to this
county. He has always given his time to farming. In 1861, at the beginning
of the war, he enlisted in Company E, of the Thirty-sixth Regiment of Indiana
Volunteers, and was in the Army of the Tennessee. He participated in the fol-
lowing hard-fought battles— Pittsburg Lmding and Shiloh April 6 and 7, 1882 ;
the siege of Corinth, Miss., in the summer of 1862; battle of PerryviUe,
Ky.. Ojtober 8, 1862; Resaoa and Kenesriw Mountain and all the other
conflicts in the famous Sherman's march to the sea, till the army arrived at
Lovejoy. At the last-named place, Mr. Smuthers became unable for duty and
his soldiery ended. He was discharged in 1864. On the 20th day of Decem-
ber, 1864, he was married to .Miss Nancy Williams who was born in Virginia,
June 4, 1841. Mr. Smuthers has a farm of eighty acres, which, by his industry,
he has well improved. He an I his estimable lady are widely known and
favorably received by all who know them.

HAMILTON SNODGRASS is a farmer of Nettle Creek Township, and his
post office address is Losinlville. He was born in Tennessee July 29, 1807 ;
his father and mother were natives of Virginia. Mr. Snodgrass was marri'-d,
in 1828, to Elizabeth Dickson, who was bjrn in Virginia October 3, 179H, and
wiio died in 1863. By this union there were three children— Sidney, William
A. J. and John. Mr. Snodgrass was a second time married, in 1864, to Mary
A. Burris, who was born 'in Wayne County, Iiid. By this union there were
two children — Martha C. and Dvvid 0. Mr. Snodgrass was again bereaved of
his companion. September 13, 1880, he was a third time married, to Patience
Wayne. Mr. Snodgrass was an early settler, having come to the county in
1828. He is familiar wilh the hardships and deprivations of frontier life, and
has done much to build up his neighborhood. And while he was building up,
the foundation was Laid to level his fortune, for he had to pay 515,000 security
debts. He is still enierprising and has a pleasant home.

' .JOHN SAWYER, farmer, P. 0. Trenton, whose parents were natives of
North Cirolina, was born in Wayne County, Ind., in 1830. Mr. Sawyer was
married, in 1856, ,1,0 Miss A. M. Robinsin, who departed this life in about
eleven months after marriage. Mr. S. was again marri-d, in 1853, to Miss
Sar.ih J. Outland. This union was ble.ssed with one child— Eli T., born April
29, 1860. In 1862, Jlr. Sawyer was called upon to mourn the loss of his be.
loved wife. He fought the battles of life alone until May 1, 1863, when he
w.a3 married to Riohel Scott. The result of this last .ion has been ten chil-
dren, viz., Mark, born February 26, 1861 ; Sarah E., April 2, 1866; William
C, August 19, 1867; John C, December 16, 1868; James W., December 20,
1870; Reuben, October 26, 1872; Susan, Starch 18, 1874; Mary, Miy 18,
1876; Elmer C. October 18 1878; Carry, born October 4, 1880, deceased.
Mr. Sawyer is au honest, upright gentleman, and higlily respected by all who
know him. Has a farm of eighty acres, umler a good state of cultivation, in
Section 25.

DAVID A. .STAFFORD, farmer, P. 0. Goodview, was born in Henry
County, Ind,, September 2. 1844. When six years of age, he moved with
his mother to this county, and settled where he now resides. Mr. Stafford was
married, March 12, 1866, to Miss Maria E. Wood, who was a native of this
county. Their union has been blessed with four children — John F., born May
2, 1367; Nevad F., December 7, 1869; S.irah F., March 15, 1871 ; Ella M.,
January 2, 1873. Mr. Stafford was educated in the district schools of Ibis
I county. Is an industrious, good citizen. Has a well-improved farm of eighty

.acres in Section 13.
i JOHNT. V.A.RDEM.'VN is a citizen of Nettle Creek Township, and his

I post office address is LosautviUe. Mr. Vardeman was born in Favctte County,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Inii., November 27, 1815, and resided there till he was past eighteen years old,
when he moved to Wayne County and from there to Randolph County in the
winter of 1861. He hits been a resident of this county ever since. He was a
Bon of William Vardeman, and his mother's maiden name was Mary Reed.
Ills fither was born in Lincoln County, Ky., July 28, 1790, and his mother in
Virginia in 1795. On the 12th day of March, 1812, the elder Vardeman and
v»ife landed on the West Fork of Whitewater, four miles from Connersville.
The country was then wild and full of the natives, and this brave pioneer had
to sit by his door with raouth full of bullets and with knife and tomahawk in
hand mriny a long night, in defense of )iis fiimily. Young John T. was educated
in the schools of the day — in the buckeye log cabin, furnished with split log
slabs without backs, and with greased paper windows. At the age of twenty-
five, he began his career as a minister in the United Brethren Church, and he
has obtained much of his knowledge while in the saddle in the tours of his cir-
cuit. He never studied grammar or mathematiea in school. The Rev. Mr.
Vardeman was married the first time to Martha Jenkins, a native of Fayette
County and daughter of Azure and Ruth Jenkins. By this union there were
six children— Joseph, Philip, Caleb W., Nancy and Amanda. The first three
died in infancy. Mrs. Vardemau died and Mr. Vardeman subsequently mar-
ried Rebecca Jenkins, the sister of his first wife. By this union, tliere were
nine children— Martha J., John T., Sarah D., Elven M., EUeanor, Mary C,
William M., Indiana, Alice and D.avid E. Mr. Vardeman was again bereaved.
and he was subsequently married to .Sarah E. Boling, daughter of James and
Ellen Boling. By this union, there were two children— Orpha and Jeremiah.
The reverend gentleman represented his church seven limes in the General
Conference and half of the time as Presiding Elder. In 1869, he was elected
Kepresenlative in the Legislature for Randolph County. He was an eirly
Abolitionist and is in f*vor of prohibition.

STEPHEN D. WARWICK, farmer and carpenter, P. O. Swan's Hill, was
born in Erie County. N. Y., June 18, W.l. When four monlhs of age, moved
with his parents to Michigan, and settled in Jackson County, where he re-
mained until 1860, when he removed to Park County. Ind., where he resided
until 1861, when he enlisted in Company A, Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers. |
Mr. Warwick took part in numerous battles, among which may be mentioned '
Pittsburg Landing, Shiloh and Fort Uonnelson. He was discharged in October,
1 8r,:i, and again enlisted in the One Hundred and Kiftv-fourth Ohio National ■
Guards for a term of three months, and during the time wasslalioned at Pied-
mont, Va., as patrol. Mr. W. was married June 11, 18G5. to Elizabeth Conyers,
who was born in Wayne County, Ind., April 20, 1841. Her father was a native 1
of Pennsylvania. Her mother was born in Indiana. Mr. Warwick is a local '

ISAAC WOOD.
Isaac Wood was born in Franklin County, Va., December 9, 1818. He
i^ ihe son of Philip and EUcnor (Green) Wood, and is the fifth of a family of
eight children, of whom four are now living, as follows : Samuel, who resides
iir this county; Abraham, in Michigan ; Jesse, in Wayne County, and the sub-
,eot of this sketch. His father and mother were both born in Virginia, the
former, of slave parentage, February 1 'i, 1781, and the latter of free parentage,
.\liy 5, 1779. His father bought his freedom prior to the birth of I.saao, ami
moved to this Slate in 1840, and settled in this county, where he died in the
year 1856. His mother died in Virginia, prior to the emigration of her hus-
band. Isaac came to this Stjit* in 1837, and hired out to a farmer in Wayne
County. He continued to work out by the month until 1815, when he came to
this county and settled on the farm where he now resides. He at first pur-
chased 160 acres of unimproved land, with the exception of a deadening of
twenty acres. Through his untiring industry and frugality, he has added to
this purchase until to-day he is owner and proorietor of 385 acres of excellent
land, with 300 acres under a high state of cultivation. His land lies in two
tracts, one of 320 acres in the form of a square, and one of sixty-five acres.
This farm is well-improved, of fertile soil and supplied with a very comfortable
farmhouse, and one of the largest and most convenient barns in the county, a
sketch of which is given in this work. He was married, January 9, 1845, to
Miss Sarah Thomas, a most estimable Christian lady, and daughter of Selh and
Sarah (Clarke) Thomas. She was born in North Carolina, of free parentage,
November 6, 1822. She emigrated to this Slate with her parents in the year
1837, and settled near Washington, Wayne County, where her parents died.
Mrs. Wood is the only surviving child of a family of three. Mr. and Mrs.
Wood received a limiled education in Wayne County, this State, the latter also
attending school while a resident of North Carolina. They have never been
bles.sed with any children of their own, but have partially raised and educated
two. Mrs. Wood is an honored and acceptable member of the M. E. Church at
Bethel, this county. She has been a faithful and devoted wife and has been
of great assistance to her husbtnd in all of his undertakings. When Mr. Wood
came to this county, he had but a few dollars that he had saved out of his hard
earnings as a day laborer. He is now one of the most "wealthy of his t^oe in
the county. He is a stanch Republican and takes a deep interest in the suc-
cess of the party. He and his estimable lady are honored and respected citi-
zens of the county and useful members of society.

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

It includes the north nf Township 18 north. Ranjro 1 west
and the south lialf of TowTiship I '.I iiortli. Range 1 west,
both trtwnshiim being frat-tional, and also fraotioual Township
'il north. Range 15 etist. lying in the northeastern corner of the
county, in the valley o£ the Mississinewa.

The waters of the township are the Mississinewa, Little Mis-
sissinewa and some sinallor strenujs.

The old or ^Vayne's boundary divides the township into two
parts somewhat cornerwise, entering near the northeast eorner
and passing out at the south side, crossing the township line
about two and one-half miles west of the oast line of the town-
ship, county and State. The P.,C. & St. L. (Pan Handle) Rail-
road crosses the southwest corner of the township.

It was erectetl as a fajwuship in 1833. It contains about
tliirty sections, l)oiiig six miles north and south and five miles
from I'jtst to west. The Mississinewa Hows from east to west, as
also the Little Mississinewa northward to the Big Mississinewa.
The Itind is rather level and somewhat low. It was ;it first con-
siderably well much of the surface standing in the water a .great
ptirt of the time. Clearing and ditehing, however, htive
dried out the land pretty well, and the country is now good
for farming, the low lands lieing the best. Originally the
coiiiitry was heavily timbered. Most of the farms are now well
cleared, though some are still rather new. The im|irovements
are middling, with some fine residences. There are severtil pikes
in the townshi)). The Union City & Salem pike divides the town-
ship north and south; the New Pittsburg pike extends from the
Salem pike westward north to North Pittsburg, and the State
Lino pike (Union City to Htu'overy) extends along nearly the en-
tire east line.

The first entry was made by John Abercrombie in October.
1816, on the river .south of Pittsburg. The actual settlement
began hardly as early. It has been diffictilt to trace the liistorj-
of things to the first beginning. The earliest settlers seem to
have left no trace behind, and but a slender memory of them re-
mains among the residents of the present day. The bona fide
occupation of the township seems to have taken place about 1820
perhaps somewhat earlier. A few seem to have spent some time
there before that date. Thomas Shalor, a roving fellow, occii
pied the James Porter place perhaps in 1826, leaving the neigh
borhood about 1829. He is the same one mentioned by Mdvew
& Hawkins as living in Jay County, in the region of Camden.
Philip Storms is thought by some to have been the earliest resi
dent. He is said to have lived somewhere in the region east of
Jacob Johnson's, and ttfterward he resided several years at th(>
Allensvillo crossing. One man states that Philip Storms was an-
noyed and injured by having men enter his selected location from
under him, and that he became "fighting mad" on account of it,
which is not much wonder, if the aggression were known and
intended as .such, since the act would be both a flagrant violation
of "squatter" law, and a serious breach of natural justice and
of the golden rule. Mr. Storms resided in the region for somf
time, as, eevertil years later, he was appointed by the County
Commissioners to be Road Supervisor of his district.

Some men by the name of Brockus, wild, rough men, who had
however, estimiil)le wives, were early settlers, their residence be-
ing across the Mississinewa, directly north of Handschey's first
mill. They left before a very long time, but the clearing said to
have been made by them was still to be seen mtrny years after-
ward, and perhaps is there even to the present day.

An old man by the name of Ishmael Bunch lived on the land

^lAX^P^^ ^(

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•Jackson fr

nmm.

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Mrs E.C.Glough.

f^ESIDEfMCE OF E.C. CloUGH,JaCKSON Tp. f^ANDOLPH Co.Ind.

■JACKSON TO WNSHII^,

., ^[ar

. Mai

is::i;

entered by John Jones, near Dolphus Wan-en's. Jesse Gray \Vas
a famous pioneer and hunter, noted through all this region, and
for many years, though his precise location on thu Mississiiicw-i
at his first coming (about 1820) is not pointed out. Ho eutiTi^l
land in 1833 on the Mississinewa, directly north of AllcnsviUc,
though ho must have lived somewhere in the region for ten or
twelve years, and, about the tixne of the killing of Fleming, ho
moved from the county to the vicinity of Hill Grove, Darke Co.,
Ohio, and still again in later years to Adams County, lud. A
settler by the name of Jacobs settled very early (in 1S2S) direct-
ly northof Allonsville, on the north side of the Mi.s.sissinowa.
He was an old man in 184S, and died some years later, about 1852.

The entries began quite early, the first two having been tj,i<>de
in 1816, the next two in 181U and the fifth in 182(5. Whether
these purchasers settled their laud seems doubtful. Their namos
have not been heard among those of early pioneers of the region.
The entries were as follows:

John Aborcrombie, on both gides of the Mississinewa River, di-
rectly south of Pittsburg, IS I G ; John Laverty, 1810, ou the creek,
about a mile nearly north of New Middlotown; John C.Dunham,
1819, two separate quarter sections lying ou both sides of the
Mississinewa, two and one-half miles southeast of New Pitts-
burg; Abraham Koyer, one and a half miles southeast of New
Lisbon, between the Little Mississinewa and the Ohio line.

William Simmons came about 1828 down the Mississinewa
from James Porter's, Simmons being in Ward Township, Alien
Wall came in 1817, but he was inWard Township. George Porter
came in 182U. Messrs. Keys. Hodge, Manus and Fields lived
southwest of Porter's in 1820, probably in Ward Township.
James Porter settled in the same year (1829). Amo.s Smith came
to New Lisbon in 1830. Ell Noffsiuger settled near there the
same year. Andrew Debolt came to Mt. Holly the next year.
James Reeves and James Wiokorsham settled in 1832. Jacob
Johnson came in 1833, Thomas Devore in 183 t, Jasper Jacobs
in ]832, Jesse Beach in 1833, John Hoke and Thomas Wiley
came in 1830. John Hoke lives there still; ]Mr. Wiloy moved to
Union City and died there. [Mr. Hoke died daring the summer
of 1881. 1 Others had come in, though just when is not now
knawn, viz., David Vance, Isaiah Cos, William Cox, near New
Lisbon; Seth Macy, one and one-half miles west of Jacob
Johnson's; John Skinner and James Skinner, one mile west of
New Lisbon; James Warren, one-half mile south of New Middle-
town; John Warren, three miles west of Now Middletown;
AVllliam Warren at New Middletown.' John Sheets had settled
far south, near Union City, and possibly others. This ac-
count is doubtless not full nor entirely accurate, but it is nearly
correct and as extensive as our information will permit.

The fourth entry in the township was by Abram Royer, \V^
S. E. 13, 18, 1, 80 acres, August 10, 1820, being laud now own-
ed by J. Noffsinger. He probably did not occujjy it, as wo have
never heard his name mentioned as a settlor. The fif tv entry was
by John Jones, W. N. W. 21, 21, 15, 80 acres. ATigust 27, 1830,
southwest of Dolphus Wiirren's, and now owued by him. The
next entry was by James Simmons, W. I N. E. 20. 21. l~\ a lit-
tle west of the second entrv. Simmons married, ami settled i]i
1834. The entries up to April 12, 1837 api)oar by the record
to have been as follows:

John Abercroinbie, S. W. 7. 21, 15, October 10. 1810; John
Laverty, W. S. W. 20, 21, 15, December 27, 1810; John C.
Dimham, N. E. 8, 21, 15, August 18, 1819; John C. Dunham, S.
E. 8, 21, 15, August 18, 1819; Abraham Royer, W. S. E. 13. 18,
1, August 10, 1826;' John Jones. W. N. W. 21, 21, 15, August 27,
1830; James Simmons, W. N. E. 20, 21, 15, May 10, 1831; Eli
Noftsinger, W. S. W. 13, 18, 1, September 21, 1831; Jasper Ja-
cobs, W. N. W. 10, 21, 15. March 5, 1832; Jacob Johnson, AV.
N. E. 33, 21, 15, March 2, 1833; Jesse Gray, S. E. N. E. 9. 21.
15, September 5, 1833; James • Porter, S. W. S. W. 0. 21, 15,
October 29, 1833; Jesse Beach, N. E. N. E. 4, 21. 15, January 1.
1834; Jesse Beach, S. W. S. W. 8, 21, 15, January 1, 1834;
Thomas Devor, S. E. S. E. 4, 21, 15, January 1, 183*4; Martin
Fields, S. W. N. W. 7, 21, 15, January 10, 1834: AVilliam AVar-
ren, N. W. N. W. 28, 21, 15, Fobruaiy 3, 1834; John Thompson,

s:; I ;

Mar

.s .-^niith, X. S. \] 27. 21, I.'..
William Warren. X. W. S. \]. :!(). 21, 15. Nrplcmlirr IS. Is:!!;

Henry Chandler. S. X. !■:, 1. 21, 1 ■>. Orlobcr 17, ls:U; .fa s

Reeves, S. W. N. E. 22.21. l."., X.>v..ml.,.i- :;. |s:;i; i; .ujun.iu
Debolt, S. W. fraction.il 27.21. 15. .laimavv l:!, \^:\r.: .|,.-,.|,h
Harshman, N. N. W. :.",i. 21. I-".. I'^hniaiv 2:!, is:;:.; .lohii .l..lin-
H(m, E. N. W.2S, 21. l.".. Murrh 17. is:!-'.: Al.riin Nnfl-n-ci. \V.
S. E. 15, 21, 15, April is. iS:;.-.; ,).i,,i... Wi.'krr.haiu. S. W. X.
W. 13, 18, 1, July 211, 18:i5: 'I'I„)i,i,ls Wilrv. S..ctiun II. IS. I,
September 9, 1835; Thomas Wilev, S. E. .S, W. 12. IS, 1, S,'i>-
tember 9, 1835; Thomas Devore, N. E, N. E. 9, 21, 15, Octolxa-
7, 1835; James Reeves. S. E. N. W, 22, 21, 15, August 30,
1836; George Debolt, \V. N. W. 22, 21, 15, October 24, 1S;J0;
Jo.shua Harlan. E. S. E. 1, 18. 1. January '20, 1837: Henry
Smith, N. AV. 1, 18, 1, April 12, 1837.

The first settlors wore inclined rather to huut than to
clear, but some moved away and others came in, and solid and
permanent improvement began. Many, perhaps most, of the
first comers were poor, some without oven money to purchase
land. Mr. Porter (James) says that he entered 120 acres forty
acres at a time, walking mostly to Cincinnati and back, making
each sejiarate entry.

Mrs. Ruby. wi<low of Thomas AViley, relates as an unusual thing
that her husband hirer! a hewed log house, built before they
moved there. Times w(nT< -'rongh" tliore for many years. There
were no mills worlli iiainiii-- :iii(l fir. > settlers had to go to Green-
ville. Stillwater, Ricliui..u.i. Ki'l.;vville, etc.

The first school in .Mr. I'nrt.'i--s neighborhood was taught by

George Poi-fer's wife al.-nit Is:;!-.. I'Ue peo,.!,- use,! i,. -. M't.

ing to ihe Prospect Aleeiin-- House nei-lil.urle... 1. Tl,e first
meeting :Mi'. t'ortei-'s l.. lies all. Male,! was ,a( llilev .M,-irsl,aU's.
nearProspeet. Mai>hairs was th.> ,)i-ea.-liing place, .and it was held
ou a week day. Airs. Porter iTsod to take hi.>r baby and walk to
meeting — three miles. The first school near AUensville was
taught by Airs. Beach at home. There may have been seven or
eight pupils — a more handful.

The first sermon was preached at Air. Beach's by a Baptist
preacher. The first mill was a corn cracker. Jacob Johusou
built one afterward, which ho said cost him i?1.50. The stones
wore common gray heads dressed down. It would grind live i a-
six bushels in twenty-four houi-s by running day and night. Mi-.
Skinner afterward built a pretty good mill for wheat and cm-u.
Al-r. Hinehy also built one with a saw-mill. The saw-mill is
there yet. The grist mill at AUensville was built by Hinehy au<l
some one else. It was sold to Bowersox & Aclieubach; then to
Shreeve, and AVidow Shreeve owns it now. It has a very good
reputation, and tm-ns off reliable work.

The tir.st organized religioiis society is supposed to have been
the Disciples Church, New Lisbon, in 1839. and the first ehiueh
erected to have been by them near New Lisbon in 1841. Aliuiy
of the early settlers were chiu'ch-going people. Smith, AVilev.
Reeves, .Mangas. AVickeusham, Debolt, etc., wore Disciples.
Be.aeli, rhanaiei- and others near AUensville wore Baptists.

Jl would :,eeni from the above that in Jackson Township up
to .April 12, 1S:!7, iiot quite four sections or about one thousand
one hundred and forty acres of land had been entered, by about
thirty-one persons, no entry being above 160 acres, and nearly
all eiglities or forties, The great rush of settlement came in
1837 and 1838. The entries in Jackson Township were made by
men of very moderate pecuniary ability. Economy and thrift
have, however, become the means of furnishing to many in (ho
township comfortable and even luxui-ious homes, and a consider-
able number have acquired wealth. The body of the pojuilatiou
remain, however, even as of old, and, from the beginning, indus-
ti-ious, stm-dy, simple-hearted, independent farmers of moderate
means and frugal habits.

Two chief roads were o|iened at an early day through the
township, one lieing the route from Greenville, near Union City,

484

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

via Deerlield, Kidgeville and Fairview into Delaware County.
Though never a great route of travel like the Groenvillo, Win-
ohoBter & Muncio road, yet in form(jr days it took a considerable
amount of business. The other is the old State road from Union
City to Portland, Jay Co. It was at first a diagonal road, ex-
tending nearly in a straight line. That part of this road that
lay in Randolph County has been nearly or quite all vacated.
The part in Jay County mostly remains in use. Jackson has no
railroad and no railroad point at hand, Union City, lleoovery,
Portland and AVinchester all being at a distance, Union City,
however, being the nearest, and at that point most of the trade
of that region is handled.

The Portland & Union Railroad, projected many years ago,
was graded through Jackson Township, and New Pittsburg wag
laid out for a center of trade, but the railroad was not complet-
ed ; the track was never made, and the road is simply a useless
bank of earth, and Jackson Township and Now Pittsburg as well
is out in. the cold.

At the present writing (November, 1881), a project is on foot
to build a road from Bluffton to Union City, and the route con-
templated is to follow the old road bo<i from Union to Antioch;
thence across not far from Coilott, and so to another road bod,
which was once made from Camden to Bluffton, thus securing
the advantage of thcjse old tracks and aLso giving an outlet to
Camden, Jay County, that "spunky" little town hitherto loft out
by every i-oad thus far built through that region. This would
bo the first railroad to pass through Jackson Township, and
would revive such embryo towns aa Pittsburg, at the Jay and
Randolph line, and Boundary and Antioch, in Jay County, and
enable Camden to gi-ow and to increase the vitality which she
has stubbornly maintained from hor fii-st establishment oven to
the present hour, in Ki)ite of fate and the railroads.

Jackson is the extreme northeast t<jwaship of the county, and
its boundaries are as follows: On the north by Jay County, on
the east by Ohio, on the south by Wayne Township, on the west
by War.l Township. Politically, Jackson Township is over-
whelmingly Democratic. Originally it is said to have been al-
most wholly so, iu so much that a story is told that at one time
one WJiig voted alone in Jackson Township. This can hardly
bo true, yet the time has bnon when the non-Democratic voters in
Jackson Township were "mity skase" indeed. The Reinibliiau
strength is said to be steadily growing there, but they are still
in a largo and for the present hojudos.s minority.

Township 21, Range ] 5— Sections 2, 5, 32. 31. 18;3li-1837;
Sections 3, 4, 22. ] 831-1 83f., Jesse Beach. Thomns Dovon>. James
Reeves, Adam Simmons; Section C. 1833-1837, Jam.M Porter,
OotobiT 211, 1833; Se;-f.ioin 7. 2'>, lSltl-1837, .Tolm A!)i'rcrambie,
John Larouty; Section S, 181'.)-] 831'., John C. Duuhiim, August
18, 18IU; Section 0, IS.33 lS3l), Je-^s,, Orav, Sept,emh t 5. 1S33;
Section 10, 1S32 IS:!('.. .nis|H.i- J.-ic.bs. Warch 5. 1S:!2; Sections
11, 14, 23, 1.S:;7; S...'ti,,ii i:>. IS:!,") -1S:!7: Section IC. s'-ho..l laud;
Sections 17. IS. IS:lii ls:!S; Sivlian 111. !S3 1 -|S:;'.I: Se-tion2L
1830-1837. .iohn .)o!i.vs AuLjnst 27, ls;!0; S-ctious 2S, 30, IS31-
1837, William W.-ureii. February 3. 1834; Section 2'.l, 1835-
1S3S, Jos,>|,h liarsliman; Section 31, 1830; Section 33, 1833-
1837. Jacob Johnson, March 2, 1833.

To\vnslii|. IS, Range 1 west— Sections I. 14, 1837; Section
II. 1835; Kootion 12, 1831. Thomas Wiley, Jr., March 15,
.1S31; Si-(-Moi) 13. l.S:!I-IS37, Kli Noffsinger, Sept.. 21, 1831.

T.>vviislii|) 10. Range 1 w^st— Sections 21, 25, 1S;37; Section
3(), 1S37-1S;JS. The .■utries wore made from IMii to 1839. in-
clusive The first was made in 7, 21. 15, and the last in U.

A//r,:sr/7/"— Location, Section 0. 21, 15, Trowbridge Allen,
|.ro|)ri-)tor, A. D. Way, surveyor; twenty lot^, situated on the
Union .V .-"forth Sah-iu Pike, a little south of the Mississinowa
liiver; recordi^d Xovember 13, 1817, Strei^ts— north and south.
Race: cast and west. Water, Walnut, Vine.

The town is dead, though not absolutely extinct Jonathan
Lambert first built a log cabin and put in a store Ihei-e in about

1844 or 1845. Th(> town was platted shortly afterward, and
Lambert's store remained till perhaps 185(\ and a Mr. Bowen
succeeded him. Mr. Lamljert took $1,200 stock in the railroad
from Union City to Portland, and of course lost it all. Mr.
Shanks also had a store, and sold it to Abraham Lambert, and
afterward Ziba Davis bought him out. Ziba Davis had a smith
shop from the beginning, and brought up his sons to the business,
and most of them follow the vocation still, Ira and William re-
siding at Saratoga, Royal H. at Now Lisbon and Isaac at North
Salem, Jay County,

Some of the early settlers in the neighborhood were Trow-
bridge Allen, Ziba Davis, Cortlandt Lambert, Mr, Hoover, father
of Isaac Hoover, Abraham and Jeremiah Lambert, etc.

Allensvillo was never much of a town. Mr. Handschey built
the steam grist mill still standing at AUensville about 1850, af-
ter having had for years a water mill on the Mississinewa, near
the mouth of Little Mississinewa, built in 1840. That steam
mill was sold to Bowersox, being owned afterward by Bowersos
& Acheuback. Mr. Shroov bought it of them, and his widow owns
it still. It is a good mill, and does creditable and reliable work.
The "Quaker trace" passed through Jackson Township, past
Mount Holly, Castle Post Office, near Allensvillo, crossing
Mississinewa at the old ford, abont eighty rods east of the turn-
pike bridge. The Salem & Union Pike passes through the town.
Nothing has been there for many years except the old mill.

As to the towns of Jackson, not much can be said. Most of
them are extinct or greatly dwindled. Allensvillo (Sockum)
was never " any great shake.-i," and what life it h id "winked
out." New Lisbon had a brave start, and might have done well,
but Union City cut off its wind, and it had to succumb.

New Middletown is worse faded than the other two. An old
meeting-house opens its doors and a new schoolhouse welcomes a
noisy troop of country lads and lasses, but as to the rest the
passer by sadly asks "Where?" and echo softly whispers, "Where .'"
Of Mount Holly, with name so sweet and redolent, no vestige
is left. A house is there, but it is only a country farm house,
and suggests no thought of graveled streets and lighted palacas.
As you pass the whilom town you behold an old fann house and
an ancient barn; "only those and nothing more!"

New Pittsburg alone of all those interior towns— these
places with high-sounding or euphonious names — retains a sem-
blance of life. Though by no means so large and rich as old
Pittsbm-g, where in days of auld lang syne the gay and com-tly
French erected Fort Ducpiesne, though not so glum as its black
and sooty namesake at the head of the Ohio, neither is it so
dirty and so grimy. Each town has simply done its l)est and
its moat, which, in truth, for these log house towns in the Ran-
dolph woods has not been very much. Should, indeed, the
Union & Bluffton Railroad succeed in being built and take New
Pittsburgh in its track, some life might poradventure be evoked
from its dry bones, l)ut who can toll?

Castle Post Office, no town. Section 22, 21, 15; five miles
noithwest of Union City. The place is on the Salem Pike.
There is only a toll gate office, a store, a post office and a dwell-
ing, all in the same small building, and occupied l)y a single
family. The location is on 22. 21, 15. Some importance attaches
to the spot, si ace, except Pittsburg in the extreme north. Cas-
tle is the only post office in Jackson Township. A considerable
part of the north portion is supplied by Salem, on the county
line in Jay County, three miles east of Pittsburg, and the
southern part looks to Union City for its connection with the
great world, and not in vain, for Union City is a center indeed.
Nen- Midllrfon-)!. — Henry Hinkle, proprietor; location, Sec-
tion 31), Town 21, Range 15; recorded January 7, 1851. The
streets were: North and south. Main; oaSt and west. Main Cross
(Deerlield road).

At first, Jo.ihua Barton had a small store: Joseph had a
smith shop; S:imueV Lady and William Warren have had .stores
at this place at different'times; Amos Cothron at one time had a
smith shop, Many ye.ars ag,i a meeting-house was built The
hiisine-ii done at Middletown was never large. The place may
)),< Slid to bo extinct. The old church is still there; and a
s'h .)lh>u^.< has b.ien latelybuilt, but the town itself is now only

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

485

a name. There is a very small store. It stood ui)on the Greon-
villo & Deerfield State road, about five miles from Union City.

Almost all tlie towns in this region were originally christened
as " New " something or otlier — New Lisbon, New Pittsburg,
New Middletown. They were indeed new then, but thoy arc
new no longer, and the affix " new " is mostly omitted, and their
memory is retained simply as Middletown, Lisbon and Pittsbui-g.

ML if oiZ,y.— George Debolt, proprietor; C. S. Goodrich, sur-
veyor; location. Section 27, Town 21, Range 15, northwest of
Union City; tweuty-eight lots; recorded May 23, 1840. The
streets were: North and south, Main;, east and west, Sycamore,
Walnut and Cross. To^vn extinct.

Sit. Holly seems to have been ahead, as to time, of all the
towns in that region. Their dates are as follow;: Mt. Holly,
1840; AUensville, 1847; New Lisbon, 1848; New Middletown,
1851; New Pittsbm-g, 185(). Thus the town with the fragrant
name had seven years the start of its earliest rival, and " So-
kum " was so distant that she need have had no fear of her far-
away neighbor. But old settlers insist upon it that Mt. Holly
never had anything but one blacksmith shop. If so, so be it.
It was saved the slow, tedious process of dying by inches or per-
ishing by dull, stupid decay. Its proprietor had more exalted
ideas of future gi-eatness for his new town, since ho made three
cross streets, while most of the embryo cities at their first laying
out, were fully contented with one, and several had no " cross
streets" at all. But all in vain; survey and record wore alike
for naught.

New Lisbon. — Location, Section 12, Town 18, Range 1, near
the boundary, north of Union City, on Little Missibsinewa
River. Thomas Wiley, proprietor; laid out in 1848; recorded
January I'J, 1850; fourteen lots. Streets: North and .south,
Main, Walnut; east and west. Elm. Polly's Addition, six lots
(15 to 20), between the " Boundary " and the North and South
road, John Polly, proprietor; recorded November 11, 1853. Dis-
tances: Union City, three and one-half miles; Middletown, three
and one-half miles; Saratoga, five and oae-half miles; Winches-
ter, thirteen miles; New Pittsburg, eight and one-half miles.
The town was situated on Section 12, Town 18, Range 1, being
laid out by Rev. Thomas "Wiley in 1848 (recorded 1850), when
Union City wa.s all a wilderness. There were, at one time, and
not very long after its commencement, two stores, two smith
shops, one cabinet shop, one hotel, one saw-mill, one church and
Home twelve dwelling-houses. The railroad and Union City
killed the town. Some seven or eight dwellings remain. There
is also a church near by. The Ijusiness of the place is nearly
extinct. A sohoolhouse and a cemetery are also in the vicinity.
The old church was taken away and a new one erected during
the summer of 1881, a tine, large cluu-ch, well suited for the pm--
pose of worship and service, and quite tasteful in appearances.
New Lisbon is three and a half miles north of Union City. It
had a fine start, and but for the railroad would doubtless have
made a creditable showing for business, but the fates decreed
otherwise and New Lisbon has buildings still standing, enough
to make quite a town, and the eight dwellings are all inhabited,
but the only semblance of business is a smith shop, and the
crowds on the Sabbath attending at the new meeting-house. The
post oijftce has been discontinued for fifteen or twenty years.

New Pitisbuiy. — Location, near Jay County line, upon the
track of the Union City & Portland Railroad, Section 0, Town
31, Range 15, William McFarland, proprietor; recorded July 3,
1850; sixty- two lots. Streets: Fir.st street, north and south;
Main, Elm, east and west.

New Pittsburg is on the route of a railroad projected and
graded some twenty-five years ago from Union City to Portland,
and at the line of Randoljih and Jay Counties. The town is on
Section 0, Town 21, Range l-"j. near the northwest corner of
Jackson Township, and about one mile north of the Mississinewa
River. The railroad failed, and New Pittsburg has dragged
along trying to prosper, but not able to do so. It was set on
foot in 1854 (recorded in 1850) by William McFarland. At one
time, say about 1864, considerable life was shown. There were
then two stores, two smith fjhops, a wagon shop and some other
things. The business has^mbstly left the place, and the town is

greatly decayed. There are now two small stores, a smith shop,
a cooper shop, a wagon shop, one physician, one sehoolhouae, a
post office, two churches, some twenty dwellings (mostly poor
and decayed) and perhaps one hundred people. A pike connects,
the town with Union City, a distance of twelve miles. The place
would seem to be far enough from the railroad and from other
places of trade, and bo well connected with Union City by a
substantial pike, that it might hold a fair share of business and
maintain a moderate growth, but it appears not to do so.

The project of a railroad from Union City to Bluilton, to pass
by New Pittsburg, Boundary, Antioch, Camden, etc., is now
talked of. It would pass over two old grades, both in good con-
dition. Should this proposal prove substantial, it would be the
first road through Jackson Township, and would revive somewhat
the towns named above, and perhaps enable Camden to secure a
permanent gi-owth, which is sincerely to be desired tor all these
places, since they have struggled so long and so gallantly against
adverse odds, and some of them have held a substantial prosperity
in spite of many obstacles.

niOQRAPHIES.

Hampton Adkins, grandfather uf Mrs. Jacob Gittinger (late
of Jackson Township), was born in Delaware about 1776. He
ran away from home at the age of seventeen years, making his
way into Virginia. He volunteered in the United States Ainny
under Gen. Anthony Wayne, in 17l»3, coming to Fort Washing-
ton (Cincinnati), marching with Wayne to Greenville and to
Recovery, helping to gather the bones of St. Clair's men from
that fatal field; helping, also, to crush the Indian power in the
grand attack upon their forces on the Maumee in the fall of 1794.

Tarrying some years in Ohio, he returned to Delaware, and
while there^married Elizabeth Lowe. In 1800, thoy emigrated
to Butler County. They had four children, two sons and two
daughters, one daughter living. He was a farmer and a carpen-
ter, removing finally to Darko County, Ohio, and dying in 1860,
eighty-fom- years old. He was hearty and ragged and almost as
sprightly as a young man, and might have reached a hundi-ed
years, but a crael cancer attacked his jaw and ended his life in
the extremity of mortil agony. He, too, belonged to the Dem-
ocratic faith, and clung to his principles as the sheet anchor of
safety for the country of his love.

George Adkins, father of Mrs. Jacob Gittinger (late of Jack-
son Township), was born in 1801 in the State of Delawai-e. His
parents settled in Ohio in 1800, in Butler County. G. A. was
twice married, his first wife being Jane Wilson and Mrs. j\Iar-
garet (Gittinger) being their only child. His second wife was
Mrs. Ramsey, and their children were five in number, four sons
and one daughter, two or throe of whon^ are living. Mr. Adkins
was a farmer by vocation, a Presbyterian in religious connection,
and a Democrat in politics. He was married in Butler County
and resided there many years, but his death took place in Darke
County, not very far from New Paris.

Ezekiel Clough, farmer, was born in New Hampshire in
1802, emigrated to Mill Creek, Ohio, not far from Cincinnati in
1818. His father died soon afterward, leaving the care of the
family to Ezekiel, then about eighteen years old. They " rented "
for several years, and then engaged in making brick in Cincin-
nati, by which he got his start. He married Anna Huddart,
and in 183(') the couple moved to the " wilds of Jay," entering
640 acres of land In 1862, he changed his residence from Jay
to Randolph, and in the latter coimty has been his residence
from that date. Mr. Clough has, in the course of forty-five
years, acquired a largo fortune, which has been liberally em-
ployed in works of usefulness and benevolence. Mr. Clough has
had nine children— William, Nancy, Ezekiel, Hannah, George,
Jane, John (and two more). William was killed in the ai-my at
Port Gibson, Miss., May, 1863. In those early days, accommo-
dations were poor and times were hard. The people used even
to grate com-meal for mush, and hoe-cake and buckwheat meal
for batter-cakes; and if the settlers wished to have grain ground
at the mill, they had to send it to Covington, six miles beyond
Greenville, or even to Dayton sometimes; often half of the grist
was given to pay for grinding and for hauling it to mill and
back. Ml-. C. was better off from the start than many of his

4Sfi

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

hrothiT scttloi's, and houco was spai'ocl soinci of the trials of poor
l.ionoer life. Ho has been from tlw firat an exemplary momher
of the Free- Will Ba^jtist Church, ami has spent mnch time ami
means in building up the interests of education and religion.
He was one of the chief founders of Rid^^-evillo Colieire, being
understfxjd to have given to it at the beginning, .§10,(100, alid
also much more besides since thai; time. Mr. U. is now about
seventy-nine years of age, and ;s growing somewhat feeble from
age. "He is still active, however, and is often seen at Unloii City
and elsewhere in the region.

Jacob Corl was born in Pennsylvania, in 1 So." . man-iod Eliza-
h.Uii Stufft in 1825. came to Kichland County, Ohio, in LS^.".,
and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1>S;}S, soltliiig in Jackson
Township, south of New Pittsbur;r. He ))as had tiirce children,
only one now living. He bought eighty acres at iir~.t. and now
owns 100 acve.-^. Ho formerly belonged in tlir I'.pi-cnpal .Method-
ists, and now to th6 German lleformed Chtuvli, and he is a
Democrat in politics.

Andrew Dobolt, blacksmith, came to Jackson Township early
in IS:; I. He is said to have, beoii the father of twenty-seven
children, nine by each of tUroewivi's (1 give the statement as it
was given to me). He diod. scvent\ -eight years old, live or six
years ago. His third wife is living still. Ho was a blacksmith
and a hard-woj-king man, thongji rough and passionate. It
would be worth while to linow liow many of tliose children were
living at home at once: how he mau;iged to bring them U}): how
many were reared to adult age, and all and sundry about them
every one, this deponent. lr.;v.-,-ver! s.-iith not. f,.r a somewhat
good rea-nii— he il.«-s not Icnow. It wmiiM. indeed, be an alfect-
ingsi-htln l„.!u>ld a -.•,<Jir;-i!. •■ ..r t! >■ .l.-ceiut-ints of some of
these pi., nriT |.;it.i-ia,vh-, M il,, :,n,-le.,l hnnieslead. white-haired

kindne.ss lor all her

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settlers in the township when he came forty-six years ago. A
few families were near that place, a few near New Lisbon and
Mt. Holly, and a Mi-. Porter lived south of Pittsburg. The first
schdol in the t.jwnship was taught by Mrs. Beach in hor own
house. The first sermon was at the same place. £or other items,
see account of Jackson Township.

The following is an account of the ancestry of Jacob Gittin-
ger,,lato of Jackson Townsbip, Randolph County, Ind.:

Jacob GittiDger, gi-andfather of the one mentioned above,
was born in Switzerland about 17*iO, or sooner; was married in
that country and soon aftcrw;i,rd emigrated to America, settling
in BaltimoriJ County, lid., i He was a soldier for a time in the
Revolutionary War. In politics, he Was a Jeflfersonian Repub-
lican, arid aftervfard, a Jacksonian Democrat, and in religious con-
nection ti Lutheran. He htid four sons and six daughters, all
hut one of whom grew up and were married. They all settled in
Marylabd, but their descendants are now widely scattered. As
to occupation; Mi-. Gittinger was a blacksmith and a farmer and
also a hotel-keeper on the ]>ike between Hanover and Baltimore.
Ho died about lS4li, in Baltimore County, Md., at the age of

Jacob Gittinger (son of the above and father of the present
Jacob Gittinger) was born in Maryland in 1780. He maiTied,
in Marylaud, aiary Deal, in 1807 or 1808, and they were the
parents of twelve children, nine sons and three daughters. All
of them became grown except the youngest son, who died at
seven years old, .ind six sons and one daughter are living still.
I\L-. Gittinger was a wagon-maker and a blacksmith and farmer.
He was a Democrat in politics and belonged to tho Methodists
for many years, continuing in that connection to the close of his
life, lie' moved to Ohio in 1835. tarrying awhile in Darke
County, and settling in Randolph County, Ind., in 18:)8, in
Jackson Township, not far from tho Ohio lino. He died about
lS7i). ciglily four years old, and his wife in 18C0, aged seventy-
two yeai-:- The whole family removed to Randolph County ex-
cept one son. though not many are left in the region at the pres-
ent time. The aged couplo lie side by side in tho Imrying-
ground at Rai)ei- Chapel, in Dai'ke Coimly, Ohio.

Ho was a sohlier in the wai- of 1812, being an Ensign in the
Lighthoi-se Guards. He was not engaged in actual battle, but
helped to guard Baltimore against the approach of Gen. Ross and
.\dmiral Cockburn, the Briti.sh commanders. Ensign Gittinger
carried the flag of his company, and that banner was preserved
' ■" -o than fifty years until it fell to f rag-

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■lacob Gittinger (the third), now living in Union City, Ind.,

I w;is born in Baltimore County, Md., in 1817. He came with his
father to Ohio in hSIJi), and to Randolph County, Ind., in 1838,

j the latter removal being when he was twenty-one years of age.

I Jacob's father had become straitened for means, and the young
man had to strike out for himself, which he did manfully, earn-

' ing by the severest labor and the closest economy, eno)igh to ob-
tain a comrorfal)le homo, which ho owns to this day. In 1844,
lie mariicd IMargaret Adkius, in Dai-ke County, Ohio, who was

I the .laughter of Georgo Adkins, and born in 1822 in Butler
County. t)hio. They have been the parents of only two children,
one son ,nid one ilanghter, both of whom are living. Their res-
idenci' has beet) in Jackson Township for nearly forty j'eai-s,
havin- ivnioved to Union City in the spring of 1882. Mr. Git-
tirjger is a Democrat, and his wife and himself have belonged to
Ihetiernian Reformed Church for many years. Mr. Gittinger
belongs to an excellent stock, and is a fine specimen of the hon-
est, iiuluslrious yeomanry of our country, upright, energetic, re-
liable, loving (Tod and doing good to his fellow-men.

j lieujamin F. Gittinger, son of Jacob and Mary Gittinger,
was born in Baltimore County, Md,, on the :JOth day of Decern
bei-. 1S2;S. His parents, though both natives of Maryland, wore
(lesceiuU'd from German stock. When the subject of this sketch
was in his ninth year, his parents came from theii- native State
.•nid settled in Darke County, Ohio. Two yeai-s thereafter, in
\Kl[}, the family removed to Randolph County, and settled on a
]iieco of wild land in Jackson Township, where young Benjamin

I grew up iniwhat was then backwoods, surrounded by the priva-

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

tious of a pionoor life, deprived of e'Juoatioual advantajjes and
assistinfj iu clearing up tlio farm and earning a living for tlio
family. On arriving at matiu-ity, young Gittinger started out to
earn his own living and to make his own way in the world.
Besides the traditional suit of " jean clothes," he was endowed
with perseverance, with health, energy and a few implements of
manual labor. Being now his own master, and the increased
improvements of the country affording better educational advan-
tages, and not being satisfied to begin life iu earnest without
some learning, he spent the winter seasons of the three succeed-
ing years in the common district school. By this means he ac
quired the rudiments of au education, which he has developed
by reading and observation, until he is now known as a reason-
ably well-informed man. By industry as a common laborer, and
by the practice of a rigid economy, he had, at the age of twenty-
five, accumulated $250, which he applied on the purchase of
eighty acres of wild land in Jafkson TowTQship, which he dis-
posed of at the end of one year at a good advance. With the
proceeds of this sale, he went to Southern Iowa, where he pur-
chased 200 acres of pi-airie land, returning to this, Randolph
County, after an absence of four montbs, to continue his usual
avocation of toil, and, by economy and sober habits, to add to
his fund of cash.

On the 12th clay of April, 1855, he was married to Miss Mary
A. fiarshman, daughter of Abram and Hannah Harshman, from
which union there have sprung four children, three sons and
one daughter.

Having sold his Iowa laud and by adding to the purchase money
his recent savings, he, in 1850, bought ninety acres of unimproved
lands in Jackson Township, live miles north of ITuiou City, upou
which he settled and began the work of making a farm. This
purchase was the nucleus of his present homestead, and to it has
been added, as opportunity offered and means afforded, until he
now possesses a farm of 200 acres of first quality of land, well
drained and inclosed, with a well-arranged and sightly dwelling,
barn and outhouses — in fact, a first-class farm, all reclaimed by
his own endeavors from the forest and mar.sh. As a farmer,
Mr. Gittinger has always been snccessfnl. Not being a lieliever
in luck, but believing that the earth yielded her treasures to those
who sought them aright, his crops were jilanted, harvested and
housed in season.

"Sir. Gittinger was made a Freemason in Deerfield Lodge, No.
117, in 185:}, and at present is a member of Union City Lodge,
No. 270. For thirty years he has been a consistent and reliable
member of the Christian Church.

In politics, Mr. Gittinger is of Democratic antecedents, and,
until 18()0, voted the Democratic ticket, and as such has boon
elected twice Township Assessor. Being dissatisfied with the
Charleston Convention, he declined to vote in ISCiC, but aflcr tlic
beginning of the war of the rebellion, he identified Jiini.s.'lf with
the Republican party, and, though maintaining his imlitical
o])inions with zeal and sometimes with pertinacity, anil in face
of a largo local majority, he has retained the confidence and es-
teem of his neighbors and former political associatiis.

In the spring of 1SS2, IVlr. Gittinger was nominated by the
Republicans of Randolph County as a candidat,. f..r ihe impor-
tant and responsible (thoxigh not, i'ndeed, lucriitivc) uilicc . if (iDuuty
Commissioner for the Eastern District. Tlii^. iinnjin.itiun, as
against other candidates who were themsclvi's ,il--o deservixlly
popular, is indeed a pleasing token of a cnuiidence vimchsaled
by his fellow-citizens, both in his ability and his integrity — not
less thnftn an acltnowlodgment of the claims of the lo"alitv of his
residence.

The Harshmans (four brothers), Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and
Reuben Harslijuati, were born iu Rockingham County, Va., and
were br<jugl)t by their father, James Hai'shman, to Preble
County, Ohio, iu' 1S07. Abraham and Jacob Harshman emi-
grated to Randolph County. Ind., in 18;{2. Reuben came in 18;-54.
and Isaac about ■lS;i7 or ]8:!8. Thev settled near and north
of Saratoga and iMiddletown. Abraham Harshn^an was twice
married, and had ten chijdrmi, but he is de;id and his widow lives
on the, old farm. Isaati Harshman moved to Illinois after awhile.
He ha<l eight or ten chilSi-en; one of his daughters married AVill-

iam Debolt, Esq., of Union City, and she has lately achieved
some notoriety in the famous siege of " Fort Debolt," during the
spring of 1880.

Jacob Hai'shman had seven children. Ho is dead, and his
widow married Ephi-aim Bragg, who is dead also, and she now

Reiibeu Harshman, was born in Virginia in 1807; was brought
to Preble County, Ohio, in 1807, married Sarah Hereford, of
Warren County. Ohio, in 1829, and came to Randolph Ooanty in
1884. They have had ten children, eight grown, and five are
now living; seven have been married. Ho entered forty acres
and bought forty more of Benuett Evans. They moved to Union
City in 1875. Mr. Harshman having been afflicted with partial
paralysis, and now reside with their son, who runs a harness
shop in that town. Mrs. Harshmau was born in Virginia in
1804, and is now in her seventy- seventh your, being in the en-
joyment of health and activity. When they came to the county,
they located between the settlements in the woods, Deerfield 'and
Ridgeville being below, and New Pittsbui-g and Allensville above
them. Mr. H. died in the spring of 1881, being buried in Pros-
poot Cemetery, aged about soveuty-four years.

Henry Hinkle was born in 1810 in Butler County, Ohio. His
father, Joseph Hinkle, was a "chai-acter" in those regions, being
the parents of seventeen children, one still-born, sixteen grown,
fourteen married and twelve now living, four in Butler County,
Ohio, two in Illinois, one in Michigan and five in Indiana. Jo-
seph Hinkle volunteered in the war of 1812, and marched to De-
troit, but the ranks were full, and he, with others, returned
home, after an absence of some weeks. He died in Butler Co>m-
ty. Ohio. July 3, 1881, aged ninety- four years and above from
April l;^(. 1881. His wife died in 1859, aged sixty-eight years.
Henrv Hinkle came to Randolph County in 1841. He had. in
]S:',:i." married Eliza Ann Pentecost, in Butler County. Ohio.
They have had eleven children, ten grown, nine married, eight,
living. H<' entered UK) .leres, northeast quarter of Section 31,
Town 21. Range 15, in November, 1837, the patent bearing the
Presidential signature of Martin Van Buren. Mr. Hinkle is
living still, a hale old man. as is also his wife, a cheerful old
woman, a yeta- younger than her husband. She was born in
AVarron County, Ohio, in 1811; moved to Union City. Ind., be-
ing one of thirteen children, eleven of them grown and ten mar-
ried, only three living. They belong to the Regular Baptist
Church. Mr. H. is a worthy, active, exemplary citizen, a fine
specimen of the "Democrat of the olden time," as was his father
before him. Ho resides about one-half mile south of Middle-
town, in Jackson Township. He has never held public office,
except, indeed, that he has been Supervisor of Highways — a
hiulible and thankless, yet greatly imjjortant office, in which, he
says, his great vexation was that some of the men would not ac-
complish work enough to satisfy him, and their complaint of
him was that he pressed them too hard, a very common com-
plaint against faithful, energetic officers.

John Hoke was born in Pennsylvania in 1809: moved to
Knox County, Ohio, in 1832; to Richland County, Ohio, iu
1834; to Randolph County, Ind., in 1830; entered 100 acres in
October, 1830 (southeast quarter of Section 12, Town 18, Range
1 west, east of Old Boundary); married Margaret Shaffer in
1834, and Marj- Boitner iu 1867. He has had fourteen children,
eleven living; the youngest is not two years old. He has owned
500 acres of laud, hut has sold or given to bin children, etc., un-
til he has only 240 acres left. Mr. H. is a bluff,. hale, jovial old
man. who Calthough seventy-one years old) still does his share
in the field. He eschews modern " improvements," and thinks
reapers, riding-plows, etc., are an injury to the farmers. (John
Hoke died Septemljer, 18S1, by lieing thi-own from a loaded
wagon by his horses' running away.)

Jacob Johnson was born in 1792, in Maryland, and came to
Jackson Townshiji, Randolph County, Ind., in 1833. He had
married Mai-j' Vatenbaker in 1815, and is the father of thirteen
children, twelve of whom lived to be giown. His daughter, Mis.
Sutton, says that those thirteen children all lived at home at the
same time. There must have been a cabin full! Mr. J. is a
farmer. He has been a Democrat all his life, giving his first

488

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Presidential vote for James Monroe, in 1810. He has been a
voter tlirough seventeen Presidential campaigns, and, in fact,
longer, since he came to his majority in 1818, siity-eight years
ago. He has been confined to his bed for somo years, but his
mind is strong and clear and he delights to talk of old times. He
entered eighty acres at first and then eighty more. Mr. J. was a
soldier in the war of 1812, and has for many years drawn a pen-
si an of $8 a month for his services in that war. The first night
they slept in a rail-pen without any roof on it. For their bod-
steads they had poles with the ends bored into the sides of the
pen, and for bed-cords they had twisted elm bark, a very good
substitute. One of his daughters mai-ried Joseph Sutton, and
the couple, now aged, live near the same place, and she has Ix^en
the mother of seventeen children, thirteen now living (1880).
There were seven boys and ten girls. The boys are all living
and six girls; eight are married. The oldest daughter is the
mother of eleven children, and there are in all thirty-eight
grandchildren. Jacob Johnson is still alive, somo eighty years
old. Joseph Sutton's wife and her sister worked (week about)
for six weeks, t<i pay for twelve bushels of corn. The work was
50 cents a week and the corn 25 cents a bushel. They (the
girls) used to, pull flax and thresh it and spread and dress it,
and spin and weave it to boot. Thoy would chop and grub in
the clearing, ride horseback to mill, etc. Pe,ople wore home-
spun and were glad to get that. Thoy wont to meeting dressed
in home-made linen, wore thankful, contonttKl and happv. His
aged wife died in the spring of ISSl, and the husband followed
his feeble companion in August of the same year, in the nine-
tieth year of his age. Their bodies lie side bV side, and their
spirits have gone to join each other in the skies. His brother.
John Johnson, came about the same time, and died a short time
ago, aged more than oightj'-four years.

Robert F. Kemp was born in Maryland in 1809, married in
that State, emigrated shortly afterward, to Richland County,
Ohio (in 1835) and settled in Jackson Township, near New Pitts-
burg, in 18-1:4, residing there still. They have had twelve chil-
di-on, ten of whom are grown, married and now living, most of
them in Randolph County, Ind. They are like most of the stit-
tle*8 in Jackson Township, Democrats in politics. The aged
couple", threescore and twelve years old, now keep house by them-
selves, the children all having made them separate housi'S and
left the aged parents in the isolation of solitary homo life, as in
the olden days full fifty years ago. without not even a grandchild
out of the numerous flock to keep thera company. Loug may
they thus be able to care for their own wants, but if a feebleness
and decrepitude coiue on, may thoy find an abundance of willing
hands and ready 8tei)s to minister to the wants of their weakness
and sorrow.

Philip Van Cortlaudt Lambert (gi-andfather of L. D. Lam-
bert) was l>orn in New Jersey, moved to Danville, Ky., afterward
to Paint Creek, Preble County. Ohio, and still again to Jackson
Township, Randolph County, Ind., the last about 1843 or 1844.
He was in the war of 1812, belonging to the Ohio Militia, and
serving in several of the line of forts extending along the fi-ontier
from Cincinnati to Lake Erie. His son Jonathan, a mere lad,
born in 1707, was with his father in the service. He also moved
to Jackson Township, and they both died and were buried in
Randolph County, having survived to a ripe old ago.

James Porter was born in 1801, in Clermont County, Ohio;
married Hannah Dailies, in 1824, who was born in Waynesbnrg,
Oliio, in 1805, and came to Jackson Township, Randolph County,
In.l., in 182'J. He entered 120 acres of land at tUree diflferent
times, going on foot mostly, each time to Cincinnati to accom-
plish the entry. They have* had twelve children and have raised
ten, all of the ten having been married. Mr. Poi-ter and his
wife are still hale and sprightly, having lived at their present
homo fifiy-two years, and having witnessed the entire change
in that section fi'om utter savagery and wilderness desolation to
tlio present condition as the comfortable abodes of civilized men.

John Poormau was born in Pennsylvania in 1815, and came
to the West with his father when eight mouths ohi They set-
tled in Richland County and he grew to manhood and married
in that region, the latter event taking jdace in 1837, and the

name of his wife being Lucy Ann Brooks. They came to Ran-
dolph the next year (1838). He entered forty acres and after-
ward sold it and bought eighty acres. They had nine children,
seven of whom gi'ew up and were married, and six are now liv-
ing— Peter, Henry. Margaret, John, Washington, Emmaretta,
Martha Ellen, James and William. Mr. Porter's wife died in
1875, and ho married Mary (Weimar) Anderson, and she is now
living. 'Mr. Poorman was never a hunter. He belongs to the
Christians (New Lights). His first wife was a Dunkard, and his
second a Christian (New Light). In politics, Mi\ Poorman has
always been a Democrat, as was also his father before him. Mr.
Poorman is one of the few remaining pioneer settlers of that region,
most of the township being unbroken forest when he found his
way thither. Some of the settlers when he came were the Porters,
the Warrens, the Har.shmans, Daniel Miller, Helms, Reeves,
Smith, Mangus and others. Brockns and Storms had gone.

James Reeves was bom in 1801 in Kentucky; moved with
his father to Warren County, Ohio, in 1811, and to Diu^ke
County, Ohio, in 1824. He maiTied Rachel Skinner in 1827;
she was born in 1811, in North Carolina and came to Kentucky,
and afterward to Seven-Mile Creek, ten miles from Eaton, Pre-
ble Co mty, Ohio, and then to Long Prairie, Dai-ke Co., Ohio,
six miles north of Paris. Mr. Reeves came to Randolph County,
Ind. . Jackson Township, May 25, 1832. Ho said ho was going
to " play gentleman and hunt," but the second year he entered
forty acres, and awhile after, forty more. On this small tract
of land he raised his family of eleven children, ten of them
growing up to matm'ity. The ten were all man-icd and seven
are living, five in Randolph County, one in Minnesota and one
iu Kansas. Mr. Reeves died in 1871, seventy years old, on the
land he had tilled nearly forty years. He was a Jackson Dem-
ocrat, but turned Republican, earning the name from his former
political associates of "Black Abolitionist." In religion, he
was a Disciple, in business a farmer, a steady, quiet, estimable,
reliable man. His widow is still living, a sprightly, cheerful
old lady, active and lively, though so severely afflicted from the
effects of paralysis, nearly twenty years ago, as to bo nearly de-
prived of strength. Mrs. Reeves spends her time alternately
with her various children in Randolph County. She could toll
many quaint and curious tales of the " olden time," when Jack-
son Township was a wild and howling wilderness, nearly fifty
years agL.. Mr. Reeves' ti.rst entry was November 3, 1834, the
S. W. N. E. 22, 21, 15, forty acres; his second entry was made
two years later, August 30, 1830. It is an interesting incident
that while he was going from home on his trip to Cincinnati for the
second entry, a gentleman called at Mr. Reeves' cabin and asked
Mrs. Reeves if a certain " forty " iu the neighborhood was vacant
" I cannot tell," said she; " my husband is probably by this time
in Cincinnati, and if it is not already entered, it will be shortly,"
The man stared, but said nothing and went his way.

Amos Smith came in 1832. James Wickersham came
nearly the same time; he had not built a cal)in yet when Mi'.
Smith came. Andrew Debolt was hero; he has been man'ied
throe times, having four children by his first wife, seven by his
second and foiu- by his third; she is still living in Jackson
Township; he came in 1831, and died seven or eight years ago.
John Jones lived on Lowe's Branch, where Ishmael Bunch had
lived; Jones outerod the land, James Simra ns was here, but
not married. William Simmons was living on the Mississinewa;
he had twenty -one children by one mother; she never nimied her
children, but had to bring them up " by hand." A large number
of them grew up, William Brockus was on William Simmons'
place, Jerry Brockus lived on Gray's Branch, in Oh'o. James
Porter had come to the county in 1829,

James Skinner, maternal grandfather of Dr. John L, Reeves,
was one among the eai'ly pioneers of Jackson Township, coming
to that vicinity two years after his sonin-law, James Reeves,
did. His death occurred there, in 1848, at the age of about
seventy years. He was a Whig of the Revolutionary typo, hav-
ing, been bom during that eventful era, and having had his
youthful training amidst the fresh and stirring memories of that
grand and memorable struggle. His wife was what was called
a "Hickory Quaker," They had been reared in Carolina and

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

■OV, bPO

her father was a slaveholder, and shi ,
an estate consisting partly of slaves. It went soroly against her
conscience! to participate in slaveholding, even in that indirect
way, and she received the portions of the estate with much mis-
giving, declining at length to take the final installments. Dr.
Keoveswell remembers, when a lad, seeing his aged grandmother
handling a quantity of silver in his lap, which had come from
that source, saying while doing so: " I'll have aomore of it; if
my descendants choose to avail themselves of it, they may do so.
I will not burden my conscience with it any longer." They
were friends of the slaves in those times of " harboring runaways."
James (Dr. Reeves) well remembers, also, seeing a handsome ne-
gro standing at the door, waiting for admittance, but inquiring
for him shortly afterward, was greatly surprised to have his grand-
mother apparently deny that any negro had been there. He knew
that he had seen the black face, and years elapsed before he
found out why his grandmother should try to make him believe
the contrary.

John Skinner, son of James Skinner and uncle of Dr. Eeeves,
built the first mill in the region. It stood on the Little Missis-
sinewa, a little north of New Lisbon, being a log-cabin structure,
and it was at first simply a corn-cracker, but was afterward
changed to a wheat-mill, a hand-bolt being added. The mill
answered well its purpose, standing and running for twenty or
twenty five years. The edifice has long been removed, but the
mill-stones, backwoods gray-heads, as they were, are supposed to
be lying buried where once the mill-race used to l)e.

Three brothers of James Skinner wore with Jackson at New
Orleans during the war of 1812, and two of those brothers were
buried in that distant Southern climo. James himself volun-
teered also, but for some reason, not now known, ho was sent
home again. James Skinner emigrated from North Carolina to
Ohio at an early day, at least before the. war of IN 12, having be-
come at some time, not now known, a resident of Darke County,
in that State. Mr. Skinner became a member of the Disciple
Church at New Lisbon, continuing prominent therein until his
death. His wife, Anna, died iu 18-16, aged about sixty-eight or

Eleanor (Smith-Wiley) Kiiby, widow. This lady now resides
at Union City; she is the daughter of Amos Smith, one of the
first settlers in Jackson Township. He entered laud southwest
of New Lisbon, and some two or three miles north of Union
City. She was born on the Little Miami in Ohio, in 180S.
They moved to Middleboro, Ind., in 1809, and to Darke County,
Ohio, in 1828. She married, in 1828, Thomas Wiley, a farmer
boy, seventeen years old. Her husband was born April 11,
1811. She herself was not old, but she was three years older
than her husband. Thar, farmer boy, then unable to read, be-
came afterward a noted and efficient preacher of the Gospel of
Christ among the disciples, thougli at his marriage ho was not
even a church member. He diod'at Union City in 1801. They
moved to near New Lisbon in 1S30, and to Union City in 1852.
After Mr. Wiley's death, she married John Ituby, farmer, and
moved to Wayne County, for two years* and returned to Union
City, where Mr. Kuby died, in 1873, aged nearly eighiy years.
Shohas'had ten children, all by her first marriage, nine girls
and one bov — Sally Ann (Thomson), Rebecca (Thomson), Nancy
(Coldren), dead, Esther (Reeves), Gilbert S., Annie (Harlan),
Elizabeth (Thomson), Abbie (Swisher), Mary Ellen (Vincent),
Amaretta, died at eighteen months. Mrs. Ruby now resides at
Union City, being seventy- four years of age.

Michael Shank was born in Virginia about 1785, being the
son of Henry Shank, who was born about 1758. Ho came to
Montgomoi-y County, Ohio, with his father at twenty-one years
old. about 1806, and they settled ten miles from Dayton. Two
or throe years afterward, he heljied bring a drove of cattle to
V Greenville for meat for the Indians at one of their gatherings to
■ confer with* agents of the United States. M. S. entered 100
acres of land, and when twenty-four years of age, about 1809, he
married Polly Davis, who was born in 1791 in Montgomery
County, Ohio. They were the parents of six children, only two
of whom are now living — Richard, with whom he has resided
nearly forty years, and a married daughter. His wife died in

1811. His father had ten children, only two of whom are now
living, the eldest son, Jacob, ninety-eight years old, and Michael,
himself two years younger.

Whan Mr. Shink cam j to Ohio the-e wora only two stores in
Dayton and a few dwelling-houses. Mr. Shank's father died at
seventy-five years of age. and his mother at sixty -throe. His
grandfather cama from Germany. His father and mother both
belonged to the United Brethren, and the former was probably
a Democrat in politics.

Michael Shank has belonged to the United Brethren for sev-
enty years; he voted for Jefferson and for Jackson, and for Dem-
ocrats uniformly since that day. Richard Shank came with Mi-
chael Shank to Randolph County in 1875, and resides there still.
Michael Shank was never in the war. When he helped drive
the lot of cattle to Greenville, he was in the place only about an
hour or two. They got there after dark, and returned that night
to Mr. Studebaker's, some five or six miles (who had a fort or
block-house for defense against the Indians). Mr. Shank had
enjoyed tolerable health during his long life, except that he had
the phthisic five or sis years, about 1833 to 1839, and that he
has been afflicted with nervous trembling for some eight or ten
years past. He is now feeble and somewhat hard of hearing, but
is able to walk about the house or yard, being in his ninety-
seventh year, and probably the oldest person residing in Ran-
dolph County.

[It would be interesting to know what gathering of Indians is
referred to in the above statement. The naiTative would seem
to lefer to about 1809. We do not remember to have seen any
account of such assemblage of Indians at Greenville at that dale.
Doubtless, however, Mr. Shank is correct, since ho could hardly
be mistaken as to an occurrence of that kind. J

Aaron Simmons was born in 1810 in Miami County, Ohio.
He came to Randolph County, Ind. , in 1838, and married Rebec-
ca Marquis iu 1840. They have had six children. He entered
240 acres of land, and has dwelt in the same place more than
forty years. Mr. Simmons and his family are Dunkards. The
settlers when ho came wore Eli Noftsinger, east toward the Ohio
line; James Wickersham, north of the Catholic Cemetery; Amos
Smith, southwest of New Lisbon; Charles Smith, son of Amos
Smith; William Warren, east of Aaron Simmons' ; Thomas Wi-
ley, Now Lisbon; Jacob Johnson, west of Aaron Sijmuons; John
Johnson, northwest of Aaron Simmons'; Andrew Debolt, Mt.
Holly; John Sheets, Smith farm; William Byrum, came same
year, just after N. Cadwallader and Simmons did.

Disciple Church was organized perhaps in 1839; log house
built soon afterward, about 1847, the present meeting-house at
New Lisbon was built. Dunkards resided in that region from
early times, but no meeting-house was built by them till about
1870, at which time one was built one mile north of Union City,
on the Ohio line, in Jackson Township. There are four min-
isters and about 250 mejnbers. They hold stated meetings on
the first and third Sundays of each month, and they observe the
Lord's Supper once a year. One of Aaron Simmons' sons is a
minister among the Dunkards. They are very steady, sober-
minded, Christian-hearted peojile. Originally, the State road
from Greenville to Portland passed by Mr. Simmons' house,
cro.ssing the Mississinewa a mile southeast of Pittsburg, but
within a few years most of that " angling " road has been dis-
continued, and this removal of the highway brings his dwelling
nearly half a mile from any public road.

James Simmons was born in North Carolina in 1809, brought
to Wayne County, Ind., in 1811; drove an ox-team with a wagon
load of bacon from Richmond to Fort Wayne in 1821 (at twelve
years old). From that time onward, he "went for himself." He
drove team to Fort Wayne, drove hogs to Cincinnati, etc., etc.
But he spent much of his time in Randolph County, Ind., from
1821. He took a claim, a tract occupied by one George Vance.
He cleared and " cropped," raising corn and fattening hogs, and
thus got money to enter his land. He had been through the
country at different times, and he selected a claim as early as
1825, and settled, but not until 1832. In 1821, his uncle,
William Simmons and himself, wore hauling to Fort Wayne
with three yoke of cattle. They slept under some oak trees that

490

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

were aftervrard in his dooryard. These troes were naur a beau-
tiful spring, and he thought then: " How fine a piece for settle-
ment," and years afterward, the twelveyear-old laJ then grown
a man, entered the tract and in due time m-.irried and established
his home there. They are both buried in the Hawkins' Grave-
yard, near Antioch, Jay Co., Ind. He had three sons in the
Union army— Joseph C. , unassigned recruit, 1805, sick at hos-
pital, in Indianapolis till the close of the war; Nathan C. joined
Company F, Sixty-ninth Regiment Indiana Volunteers; Benja-
min W., Eleventh Ohio (three months), April. 18, 1861. dis-
charged September 5, 1861, then Comirany F, Sixty-ninth In-
diana Regiment; ho was never sick, bur, was wounded at Tliom-
son's Hill May 1, 1863.

James Simmons, in 1831, entered a tract occupied by George
Vance, and lived with ISIr. Vance in the cabin bmlt by Mr. Vance
till Mr. S. got married, which ho did in 1834, to A valine Haw-
kins, daughter of Mr. Hawkins, pioneer of Jay County. Ind.
After Mr. S. was married, he built a new cabin, and let Mr.
Vance live still in the one built by him (Mr. V.). Mr. S. was
twice married, and was the father of twelve children. He died
in 1873, and his second wife yet survives him; his first wife died
in 1863. Ho was an active, intelligent, enterprising, genial
man, an ardent Whig and a straight out Republican, and was
highly esteemed by his fellow-citizens. Ho was a Whig from
the beginning, and is said to have voted the Whig ticket alone in
Jackson Township.

Samuel Simmons came some time before James Simmons,
perhaps in 1827. William Simmons moved here, and then went
to Blue River, for a year or more, and then returned. ^Villiam
is the one that was frozen so badly (see Jay County history).
Samuel and William Simmons came nearly at the same time.
Benjamin Simmons thinks that Samuel (his imcle) was perhaps
the first settler in the township.

John Vance lived on James Simmons' place three or four
years, till ho (^Simmons) got married. Several of the Simmons
family emigrated to Oregon. Benjamin Simmons has had four
uncles in Oregon, and a fifth died of small-pox, at St. Lonis, on
his way to Oregon, as also his eldest daughter. Samuel Sim-
mons went to Oregon iu 1837, among the first emigrants. Ed-
ward, John and Andi-ow went in 1851. Edward died there, in
March, ISSO. The other throe sire supposed to be living still.
John Buff was an early settler, but did not stay long. John
Jones was also among the first.

William Sizemorewas born iu North Carolina in 1780; came
to Tennessee and afterward to Jackson Township, Randolph
County, Ind., iu the fall of 1834. He had nine children and
was fliroo times married, tho last wife being now living. Ho
lived a farmer and died in 1877, in his ninety-seventh year.
He was buried in Prospect, but has no stone erected. His first
wife was Esther Anderson, died in IS-'jO, aged about sixty-sis
years, buried at Prospect with no tombstone; his second wife.
Jedidah Fields, died May 17, 1859, aged between sixty-five and
seventy years; buried at Prospect, no tombstone. He bought
land of William Warren, Sr. His son. Edward Sizemore, born
in 1822, lived east of Middletown.

Amos Smith was born in Pennsylvania about 1783. and moved
to Kentucky when a young man ; married Elizabeth Ashby, in Ken-
tucky, aliout 1805, and cama to Miami County. Ohio, about
1807; to Wayne County, Ind., about 1810; moved back to the
Ohio settlements for fear of the Indians in 1811; returned to
Wayne County .again and afterward settled in Darke Couutv,
Ohio. In 1830. he caiuo into tho wilds of Jackson Township,
Randolph County, being nearly or quite the first poriuanont set-
tler in that township. He came in the spring with a son and
daughter, partly grown, the boy to help him clear a patch and
p»it out a crop, and the girl, Esther (now Mrs. Carn, of Grant
County, Ind. ), to cook and keep cami) for them. Probably she
helped outdoors, also, for the camp needed but little attention,
and they had but little to cook, and the girls in tho.se days could
pile brush as fast as boys could. They put out their crop and he
brought his whole family in .\ugust, and the whole company
lived in a camp for some time. He had had fotu'teon children,
eleven of whom grow uj> and were married. Two were married

in Darke County. Ohio, and he brought nine into " Randolph
woods;" and the others came aftorw.ard. bringing the whole
family together. Four of them are living so far as known. Ho
entered eighty acres of land, and on that homestead he .resided
nearly twenty-five years, tilling his land and working, also,
somewhat as a cooper. He removed, in 1853, to Grant County,
Ind.. and died there about 1856, his wife outliving htu- husband
and dying in 1S03. seventy six years old. Mr. Smith was, like
many of the pioneers, a famous hunter. In politics, he was a
sturdy Whig, and aftijrward a Republican, though he died not
long after the rise of that party. He joined the Discijiles short-
ly before his death. In politics, ho was long nearly alone in
that Democratic stronghold. At one time there were only throe
of his faith in politics in tho township. As to tho settlers in
Jackson Township, it is probable that few [(ermanont settlers
were there much before Mr. Smith. An old man by the name
of Ishmael Bunch lived about one-half mile southwest of Dolphus
Warren's, on Lowe Branch. Ho was a " squatter " and did not
reside there very long. Philip Storms was also in the region,
owning no land, however. Eli Nofi"singer, then a young man,
made a clearing about the same time, and moved his mother and
sisters up to his cabin perhaps the next spring. John She<'ts
came not long afterward. There was not a house from Hill
Grove to New Lisbon. Andrew Debolt came about 1831. Mr.
Smith appoiu's to have boon in tho township four years before he
entered his land, W. S. E. 27, 31, 15. eighty acres. May 15,
1834.

[Note. — Mr. Simmons seems to have come before Mr. Smith,
and James Porter says that he came in 1829. Mr. Porter's first
entry of land was in October 29, 1833. There seem to have
been some settlers on the Mississinewa, in the west part of Jack-
son Township, before those iu the neigliborhood of Now Lisbon.
Mr. Porter says his Virother George came in the spring of 1829,
and raised a crop and brought his family in the fall of 1829, and
that Thomas Shaler had been a "squatter" in the same neigh-
borhood for some years. William Simmons probably lived in
Ward Township, as ho was down tho Mississinewa from James
Porter's.

James Warren was the father of the (older) Warrens, who
are still residing in Jackson Township. He was born in 1787,
in North Carolina, and camo to Richmond. Ind., in 1825. Ho
had raaiTiod Elizabeth Cabaniss, in ISOll, and they had ten chil-
di-en, eight of whom came to be married, and four are now liv-
iug. He came to Jackson Township, Randolph County, Ind., in
1S35, settling near New Middletown, between Union City and
Deertield. He died in 1876, in his ninetieth year. His wife
died many years ago. Ho was a farmer and a Democrat. His
sons were William, John and Dolphus Warren, who are still
residents of Jackson, prominent and intluential among the citi-
zens there, large land owners and j)rosperou9 and successful
farmers, and all thorough Democrats of long standing, except,
indeed, Dolphus, who belongs to the Republican fold.

William Warren is the son of James Warren, and was born
about 1811. He came td Randolph County about 1834, stopping
first near Now Lisbon, and afterward neai' New Middletown.
He has had eleven children, seven of them now living. He en-
tered forty acres at first and 240 acres in all. Ho is a fanner
and a Democrat and an active man of business. He lives north
of Middletown, Ind. He emigrated to Wayne County, Ind., in
1825, and married Elizabeth Newton in 1832.

James Wickersham was bom in Philadelphia, Penn., in 1780.

Ho learned the hatting business at Harrisburg, Penn., came to

Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1805, married Rachel Smith, sister of Amos

Smith, and moved to Wayne County Ind., and, in 1832, to

I Jackson Township, Randolph County, Ind,, and in 1S07, to Jay

j County, Ind. He died in 1873, ninety-three years old, and his

I wife iu 1855. They had eleven children, seven grown and five

j living. He was a hatter and then a farmer, he was also a gro-

j cer at New Lisbon awhile, etc. Mr. W. was Justice of the

j Peace both in Wayne and Randolph Counties. He has also been

j Townshij) Trustee, Assessor, etc. He was a Disciple and a Dem-

I ocrat, and an upright, exemplary and trustworthy man. Ho is

thought to have been the first Justice of the Peace in Jackson

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

Township. Ho entered his land July 20, 1835 (Section ]3.
Town IS, Range 1 west), forty acres. Like most of the pioneers
of Jackson Township, Mr. \v. had not much of this worhl's
goods, but he had what is lietter. intelligence, sound judgment
and the love of God in his heart, and these are better than a
kingdom ;

John A. Wickersham is the son of James Wickersham. He
was born in 1S18. in Wayne County, Ind.; came to Randolph
County, Ind., in 1832; married Elizabeth Criviston in 1839;
has had nine children, seven living, two married. Ho is a farm-
er, owning 190 acres of land; is a Disciple ami a Republican.
Mr. W. is, an intelligent, estimable Citizen, a thrifty and pros-
perous farmer and an upright and honorable man.

MINUS W. BERKHKIM, farmei',' P. 0.. Union City, born November 4,
18.51, in Jay County, Ind. He received a common school educivtion, and was
married, September 15, 1872, to Malissa Simmons, a native of Miami County,
Ohio, who was born October 22, 18o2. Four children blessed this union-
Benjamin F., born August 11, I87d; Mary A., April 2o, 1875; Clara M.,
October 28, 1877; and Charles L., May 24, 1880. Mr. Berkheim is a
member of the Caristiau Church, and of the Masonic order. He owns a good
farm of 109 acres, and is Demoeralic in politics. His father, Isaac Berkheim,
is a native of Frederick County, Va., born .June 26, 1808; came to Ohio in
1828, anil from thence to Jay County, in 18.33 ; he married Margaret Conoway,
who was born April '2o, 1813, deceased October 1, 1880. Benjamin Simmons,
the father of Mrs. Berkheim, was a native of Miami County, Ohio, born
October 30. 1827 ; came here twenty-six years ago ; deceased, October, 1871 ;
he marrie.l Jane Lindley, a nivtive of Miami County, Ohio, born August 11,
1823. Mr. Berkheim is a social, companionable gentleman, and one whom
people love to meet.

ELI BVRUM.

Eli Byrum was bora in North Carolina in 1816, and died in Randolph
Counly, Ind., in Febuary, 1877. His father, William Byrum, was a farmer and
blacksmith, and a man of fine intellect. He was a prominent and leading citi-
zen of his county, and was three times elected as its Representative in the Legis-
lature of North Carolina. In 1838 or 1839, he came North, locating in Preble
County, Ohio, and about a year later came tu Rindolph County, Ind. Eli. the

ovals, a

of Ilia removal to Randolph County, purchased eighty acres adjoining iiis
father's farm, in partnership with his brother Robert. His land was covered
by a heavy growth of timber, and he devoted his time to clearing it and reduc-
ing it to a fine state of cultivation. At the age of twenty-nine years — in l.St.5 —
he was united in marriage with Rachel Newton, daughter of Henry and Mary
Xewlon, who resided at that lime near Richmond, Ind. In November, 184H,
his wife died, leaving a daughter, who died a few months later. On the 2.5th
of July, 1818, he married Miss Lucinda Fields, daughter of Lansford and
Nancy Fields, who came from Tennessee to Randolph tjounty, Ind., in 1832.
By this second union Mr. Byrum and wife were the parents of thirteen children,
nine of whom are now living, viz., Eli W., Fletcher N., Koberl L., Lourinda,
Enoch E., Drusilla, Emma J., Noah H., and Norman E. Mr. Byrum was one of
the self-made men of this locality. He entered upon his career as a farmer,
with a capital of only about §50, and with a tract of wild, unimproved land
from which to develop a farm. Yet this small amou-' proved the foundation
of an ample fortune, which accumulated year by year under his tireless energy
and excellent management. He cleared two farms during his life ; first the
one near Lisbon, upon which he first located in this county, and afcbtward the
one upon which he died. Gradually he enlarged the boundaries of .his farm,
by sundry purchases, until he possessed 340 acres, free from debt, and the
larger portion of it under a line state of cultivation. Upon the last-named
farm his widow and children still reside. Mr. Byrum was reared in the Dem-
ocratic school of politics, and for many years was an adherent of that parly.
Latterly, however, he cast aside party lies, and exercised the privilege of an
independent voter. But he was never a politician, and never held an elective
office. He confined his attention to the pursuit of farming, and managed his
affairs with an ability that returned him very satisfactory results, and placed
him among the wealthy farmers of the township. In all his transactions, he
was governed by a high sense of honor, and among all who knew him he was
recognized as a man of irreproachable integrity, and a good citizen in the best

Church, with which denomination his wife and family are still identified.

JOSEPH BROWN, farmer, P. 0. Union City. This industrious citizen
was born August 2. 1821, in the State of Maryland. He immigrated to Miami
County, Ohio, in 1823, and from thence settled in this county in October, 1844.
Mr. Brown was united in marriage, November 25, 1847, to Nanoy A. Harshman,
a native of this Stjite, who was born July 11, 1829. The following children
blessed this union : William S., born October 8,1848; Mary A., September
28, 1861 ; Daniel W., April 26, 1857 ; Tillie C, November 6, 1859; Abraham
November 3, 1864 ; Isaac E., January 12, 1865 : Francis M., Febuary 27, 1870,
and Albert, August 19, 1872. His father, Joseph Brown, was a native of Ger-
many, and was born ai)out the year 1798 ; came to the Stale of Maryland, and
was married there to Margaret Lower. Abraham Horshuer, the father of
Mrs. Brown, was a native of Preble County, Ohio; born in 1787, and was
married to Hanna Garner, of his native counly. He came to this county
in 1831 ; deceased, September 13, 1866, his wife having died October 2,
1840. William S., the son of the subject of this sketch, was married, December
1, 1872, to Evaline Simmons; they have two children— Phebe L. and Dora.
Mary A. was married to Ira Porter, May 1, 1868 ; they have two children-

Nancy E. and Rudolph. Mr. Brown owns a good farm of 200 acres of choice
land, is Democratic in politics, and an enterprisinig citizen.

HENRY DEBOLT, farmer, P, 0. Union City. This worthy citizen was
born February 28, 1817, in Butler County, Ohio ; he went to Preble Counly in
1839, and finally settled in this county in 1846. He was educated in the com-
mon schools of his naiive State, and was m-arried April 14, 1840, to Ann
Mikesell, who was a native of Preble County, Ohio, born December 20, 1823.
This union was blessed by the birth of ten children, of which number seven
are living— George M., born February 22, 1845; Oscar F., January 14, 1846,
deceased .May 21, 18-52; Emraaretia, August 16, 1848, deceased August 27,
1849; Irene E., April 2, 1851; Annetti J., January 28, 1852; Ciss C, Sep-
tember 22, 1853, deceased MarchlO, 1875; Martha C, May 17, 18-55; John
B., October 27, 1856, deceased December 6, 18-56; Kate, July 20, 185S; Charles,
March 15, 1860, and Henrie A., January 27. 1863. .Mr. Debolt has served as
Justice of the Peace of Jackson Township for over seventeen years, and was
Justice of the same townsliip for four consecutive years. He and his worthy

esteemed. He is a Democrat of the old school, and enjoys the confidence of
his friends. His father, John Deboll, was a native of Hamilton County, Ohio,
born about 1797 ; came to this county in 1838, deceased 1852, in June. His
wife was originally Rachel Clawson, born in 1800, deceased December 30,
1862. These people had many noble traits of character.

EZEKIEL C. CLOUGH.
Ezekiel C. Clough was born June 12, 1802, at Warren, in the Stale of New
Hampshire. In 1818, his father started with his family to locale in the West,
but while passing through the State cf New York, one of his daughters was
taken suddenly ill, and it was found necessary to remain there until she could
recover. They remained in that State during the winter, the ehildren attending
school while their sister recovered her healtJi. In the following spring, they
resumed their journey, reaching Cincinnati, Ohio, in April, 1819, The family
resources, which, at best, were never opulent, were much depleted by the long
journey, and it became necessary for the several members of tl ' "

i of U

nd

employment in a brick yard, and learned the brick-maker's trade,
year after their arrival in the West, the father died, and the mainlenanoe of the
family was assumed by the subject of this sketch, who did his part nobly, until
all were old enough to take care of themselves. At a later date, he purchased
the establishment of his employer, and manufactured brick on his own account,
until 1826. In that year, he removed to Jay County, Ind., where he enleied
640 acres of land. In the following year he was married, at Cincinnati, to
Mary A. Huddart, and brought his wife to the wilderness, in the midst of
which he had selected a place for a home. He began the task of clearing this
large tract of land and preparing it for cultivation — an undertaking in which
he sucoeeiled nobly. By subsequent purchases he enlarged the boundaries of
his farm, improving and beautifying each new tract, until he owned probably
the largest and best cultivated tract of land in Jay County. He was alw.-iys

inity, a,

try, economy, and prudent management, are due the financial results that have
mnde him a wealthy man. He has been economical, but he has never per-
milted this principle to beget a sordid or parsimonious niiture. On the contrary,
he has always been known for his ch.arily and benevolence, and instead of
seeking to hoard or augment a fortune already ample, he has found boundless
pleasure in disbursing liberal sums in channels from which his fellow-men
would reap benefits. His private charities are numerous — done in private,
and known only to those who were the grateful recipients. In his public
charities he has desired the same privacy, yet enough has transpired to mark
him a public-spirited man of the most uuseliish order, and to show that in all
the years of his prosperity he has been the devoted friend of public improve-
ment, public education, and the cause of religion. The first Baptist Church ut
North Salem was erected almost entirely at his expense, and the new house of
worship was built upon land donated by him, and constructed and furnished
largely from his liberal contributions. To the erection of Ridgeville College,
he contributed a munificent amount, which, in deference to his modesty, was
never made known. To the same inslituiion he donated 220 acres of excellent
farming land, worth at least §15,000, and holds three life-scholarships that cost
him $900. He is one of the Trustees of this college, and has acted in that
capacity ever since the organization of the board.

His has been a long and bu.sy life, and he has not lived in vain. He has
slnmped his identifiy upon many of the most important institulions and public
improvements in Randolph County, and has proved himself a blessing to Ihe
community, lie has retired from active business, and now resides in the north
part of Randolph County. He has transferred his large landed estate to his
children, reserving only the proceeds of his farms during his life. Ho was
identified with both Randolph and Jay Counties in their pioneer period, and
has a vivid recollection of Ihe events of early days. In Ihe intervening years,
he has been an interested witness of the progress and improvement of the
locality with which he was identified in its earliest days of civilization, while
every enterprise of a public nature has received his encouragement and sup-
port. Until 1874, he was permitted lo enjoy the companionship of his devoted
wife, who accompanied him to the wilderness in the prime of a happy young
life, adding her efforts to his in transforming the forest into a home. Ou
the 17th of August, 1874, she died, leaving a void in the hearts of her family
never to be filled. They were the parents of seven children— William, Ihe
eldest, enlisted in Company F, of the Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and was
killed at the battle of Port Gibson, while fighting in defense of the Union and
for the maintenance of our national integrity ; Nancy married Mr. Lewis, and
is now deceased; Ezekiel resides in Jackson Township, Randolph County;
Hannah, Lotlic and George W. are living, and John is deceased.

THOMA.S DETOR, farmer, P. O. Jordan. This worthy citizen was born
in Montgomery County, Ohio, May 20, 1803. He was educated in tho rural

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

schooh of his native State, and was miirried, April 8, 1831, to Nancy Coab-
btick, born December 9, 1811, in Butler County, Ohio. This union was blessed
with the birth of nine children, of which number fi-vc are living — Margaret, born
April 30, 1833; Benjamin. November 25, 18.!6; Rachel, October 16, 1838;
Ann, October 6, 1842, and Mary, July 29, 1849. Mr. D. had one son in the
war for the Union, .John Q., who enlisted in the Fifth Indiana Cavalry. He
was captured and imprisoned at Andersonville and other Southern prisons; he
died from the effects of the terrible ordeal through which he passed while in
those horrible pens. His father, John Devor, was a naiive of Pennsylvania;
he settled in Ohio at an early dale, and deceased July 25, 1828, in the eeventieth
year of his age. He was a man of noble impulse, and much of his character
ind a place within the mind of his son. Mr. Devor is still active, and is

,nCity,w,a.st

ir6, 1809,

JOHN GITTINGER, farmer, P. 0. Ui
in Maryland; he was educated in the rui
twenty-six years of age came to Ohio, lie was married in Randolph County,
Ind., September 28, 1848, to Dorothy Helm, who was born September 1, 1830.
These parentis were blessed with the birth of the following children : Jane, born
December Hi, 1849; Mary, October 14, 18-51, deceased September 15, 1872;
Ruth, March 26, 1854; Jacob and Samuel (twins). September 8, 18-5G, deceased
September 28, same year; John J., December 9, 1857 ; Willard, November 25,
1869; I^sther, April 10, 1862; Jonas, February 22, .1865; Daniel, July 21,
1867 ; Ann, October HI, 1870, and Olive, Mav 20, 1876. Mr. G. is a member
of the Presbyterian Church, F. k A. M., No. 66, Winchester, and of Jackson
Grange. His father, Jacob Gittinger, was a native of Baltimore County, Md.,
born March 25, 1785: he was an officer in the war of 1812; came to this county
in the fall of 1838, deceased February 14, 1865; his wife's maiden name was
Mary Deal, born September 6, 1792, in the same county and State aforesaid.
She died February 10, 18«1, in this county. Mr. Giltinger owns a well culti-
vated farm of 310 acres of valuable land, and is considered to be one of the
best citizens of his neighborhood. Since the above was written, Mr. Oittinger
has deceased. He died the 21st of .Vugust, 1882, quite suddenly. A few min-
utes before he pnssed away, he was engaged in sociable conversation with his
family,

JACOB GITTINGKR, farmer, 1>. 0. Union City, w:is born September 19,
1817, in Carroll County, Md. He came to Darke County, Ohio, at eighteen
years of age, and settle<l here in the fall of 1844. He was married in the early
part of 1844, to Margaret Adkins, who was a native of Butler County, Ohio, born
December 25, 1823. Two children blessed this union— William H., born May
26, 1845; he is an architect of considerable ability. The other child is a
daughter, Lilly C, b-irn Febru.ary 19, 1851. Mr. G. is a self-made man, and
has been intimately connecteil with the progress and development of the county.
He and his wife are worthy members of the German Reformed Church, lie owns
a valuable farm of 100 acres of land, and is a Democrat in politics. His father
and mother, Jacob and Mary Gittinger, are noticed elsewhere in this work.
Suffice it to say that they were of the best families of their native State. The
father of Mrs. GiUinger, was George Atkins, a naiive of Delaware, born in the
year l§pO, came to Butler i;!ounty, Ohio, in 1807, and finally settled in Darke
County, Ohio, where he deceased February, 1878; his wife, Jane Wilson,
a native of Butler County, and a few years his junior, died April, 1823,

IIKXRV IIANDSCHV, Jn. Henry Handschy, 6r.. the father of this
senlleman, was born in 1784, in the canton of Basel, Switzerland, and within
fifteen miles of the city of Strasbourg, France. He emigrated to the United
Slates with a younger brother in 1803, landing at Philadelphia, and removing
thence to Lancaster County, Penn. In 1814, he removed to Franklin
County, Penn., and while there he joincil a volunteer infantry corap.any
organized for the defense of Baltimore, and arrived just in time to see
tlio British fleet sail out of the harbor. From Franklin County, Penn,,
he removed to Ix)udoun County, Va. In 1817, he removed to Ohio, and
purchased a farm of 160 acres in Perry Township, Muskingum County. Sub-
sequently, he removed to Fairfield County, in the same State, and there mar.
ried At.ary Ann Weaver, in May, 1S19. After a residence of two years in Fair-
field County, he returned to his farm in Muskingum County, where he died on
the 9th of November, 1861. In personal appearance ho was a fine looking
man — above the medium height, an entertaining conversationalist, and gifted
with a remarkable memory. He was a fine debater, and well posted in the
current topics of the day. Although he served as Justice of the Peace for a
number of years, he never sought office, and never felt political ambition. In
politics he was a Jcffcr.sonian Democrat, and always maintained the principles
enunciated by that great statesman. In religion he discarded all creeds and
denominations, relying upon the Bible as the great founation-head, the source
of all truth and righteousness. From this book he drew his conclusions, and
in its promises he centered his faith and trust. He read it through many
limes, and always held it in the highest reverence. His wife survived him
about ten years. She was born in April, 1794, in Westmoreland County, Penn.,
and removed with her parents to near New Baltimore, Fairfield ("o., Ohio,
where she married Mr. Handschy. Her parents were also from Switzerland.
Tn the cotnmunily where she resided for so many years, she was .always looked
upon as a " Mother in Israel." She was kind, compassionate and tender, and
possessed the affectionate regard of all who know her. She died March 3, 1870.
Henry Handschy, Jr., son of Henry and Mary Handschy, was born April VO,
1620, in Muskingum County, Ohio. He was educated in the schools of his
native Stale, and came to Indiana in May, 1840. On the 27th of October,
1841, he was united in marriage with Sarah Walker, and located upon a farm
in Jockaon Township, where he has ever since been engaged in agricultural
pursuits, having improved his firm and enlarged its boundaries by subsequent
purchases, until it now embraces 320 acres. Mr. Handschy has always enter-
tained advanced ideas in the science of farming, and there are no farmers in
the county who may he called his superiors as mode! agricuUurists, and but
few who are his equal,'-. Foreseeing the great benefits to be derived from a
proper system of artificial drainage, he became one of the first movers in the

matter of inaugurating this improvement in Jackson Township, and is known
to be the first man in Randolph County who secured a petition for an open
ditch — the object being to effect drainage from his farm to the Mississinewa

set an example which has been extensively followed by his neighbors, while
the value and availability of their lands have been largely enhanced liy this
action. Aside from farming, Mr. Handschy has devoted a great deal of atten-
tion to milling pursuits, feeling a commendable pride in this profession, at
which, in former years, he wus known to excel. By his long association with
mechanoial appliances, he has been able to invent many useful additions for
the saving of labor, and to secure speed in the performance of work. His
principal invention is an automatic flood-gate, for which he secured a patent on
the 12th of September, 1882. This gate is designed for the use of mills
operated by water-power, and is recognized as a valuable invention. During a
residence of more than forty years in this county, Mr. Handschy has identified
himself with many important publio improvements, and has always manifested
a willingness to encourage such improvements by liljeral contributions and by
personal cooperation. By honest toil and industry he has amassed a comfort-
able store of worldly wealth, and by his upright and honorable life, he has won
and ever retained the confidence and good will of his fellow-men. Politically
his sympathies are with the Democratic party, with which party he actJi and
votes. He has been identified with the Masonic fraternity for more than thirty
years, having been initiated info the lodge at Dcerfield, in this county, about
the year 1851. He is a member of the Disciples Church, and is recognized as
one of the best citizens of the community in which he resides. His wife, whose
maiden name was Sarah Smith, was born September 16, 1819, and married
Mr. Walker, who died after a few years of wedded happiness. The fruita of
this union were three children, the eldest of whom — Sophia R. — is deceased,
while Emily M. and Ellis W. still survive. Mrs. Handschy is an excellent
lady, and by her kindness and charity has gained the affectionate regard of all
who know her. Seven children are the fruits of her second marriage, viz. :
Lydia A., Frederick, David, Joseph, Mary A., Loretta C. and Manda J,, four
of whom — Lydia, Frederick, David and Joseph are deceased.

LEANDER HARSHMAN, farmer, P. 0. Union City, born .lune 2, 1842,
in Prebic County, Ohio, educated in this county, married August 28, 1866, to
Mary E. Corl, who was bom March 17, 1843, in this county. The following
children were born to these parents: Anna B., November 15, 1869 ; Sarah E.,
October 25, 1869 (deceased March 2, 1870, burned to death by fire catching
clothes); Clara J., December 29, 1871 ; Mary M , August 21, 1875 ; Delia M,,
February 10, 1877, and William E., September 26, 1873. He and his wife are
members of the German Baptist Church. Isaac Harshman is a native of Warren
County, Ohio, born .lune 22, 1820, settled in this county in March. 1850; he
married Nancy A. Robisson, January 28, 1841, she was a naiive of Butler
County, Ohio, born July 12, 1817, deceased August 15, 1862. The following
son,s and daughters were born to them — Leander, June 2, 1842 ; Charhille E.,
September 3, 1843 ; Henry B., February 14, 1866 ; Martha J., May 17, 1845 ;
Martin V.. April 25, 1847; John M. G., March 11, 1849 ; Eliza D., July 18,
1851 ; Alice A., December 17, 1853 ; James H., January 30, 1866, and Ida,
September 12, 1858. The grandfather of these children was Elijah Harshman,
a native of Virginia; he participated in the war of 1812, deceased January,
1857, in Preble County, Ohio; his wife was Nancy Wolf, born 1776 in Bourbon
t^ounty. Ky. Jacob Corl, the father of Mrs. Harshman, is a native of
Pennsylvania, born August 16, 1805 ; he was married, January 31, 1825, to
Elizabeth Stuff, a naiive of Pennsylvania, born April 7, 1806. These old peo-
ple are still living at this date, and are very active.

STEPHEN HINDSLEV was born in North Carolina August 20, 1818. Mr.
Hiudsley. after making several changes, finally selected Jackson Township as
a desirable place to locate, and made his final settlement February 10, 1848.
He married Miss Ann M. McConnell March 7, 1841, a native of Piqua, Ohio,
born June 10, 1820. Ten children bles-ed this union, of which number nine
are living. Sarah was born January 19, I84'; she became the wife of West-
ley Johnson; Joseph G. was born April 28, 1843, he married -Mary C. Mussel-
man ; Malinda, horn August 23, 1844, married Absalom Mangos : Rufus G.,
born February 21, 1847, married Malinda A. Noffsinger; John W., born
July 26, 1849, married Martha J. Johnson; Mary E., born December 8,
1851, deceased September 16, 1853; George M., born March 23, 1854. mar-
ried Caroline E. Warren ; Melissa J., born September 10, 1S56, married E
W. McFurland ; Annetta, born October 23, 1858, deceased July 15, 1882, and
Jame.s W,, born August 14, 1860, married Rachel F. Byron. Mr. Hindsley
and his daughters are worthy members of the Disciple Church. Mr. Hindsley
is a social gentleman, and a Democrat of the old school. His father, John
Hindsley, was a native of Maryland, born January 17, 1767. . He united in
matrimony with Miss Hannah Stone March 8, 1807 ; she was born March 8,
1788, in North Carolina. In the year 1823, Mr. John Hindsley and family set-
tled in Granger County, Tenn.; thence in Darke County, Ohio. He deceased
August 16, 1847, and his estimable wife September 6, 1866.

SlJUIKE HINKLE was born July 10, 1853, in Jackson Township, Ran-
dolph County. He was educated in the common schools of this county ; he is
the owner of a fine farm and a pleasant home ; he is a great lover of music, and
is naturally a musician. He was married, April 11,1875, to Henrietta Sim-
mons, also a native of Randolph County, born December 25, 1863. They have
three children— Dillie M., born January 25, 1875 ; Arrillus B,, June 10. 1877.
and RoUa R., born May 17, 1881. Mr. Hinkle'a father, Henry Hinkle, is a
native of Butler County, Ohio, born May 26, 1809. He came to this county
about the year 1840; his wife, Eliza A. Hinkle, is a native of Onion County,
Ind., bprn December 1, 1811. They are both living. James Simmons, the
father of Mrs. Hinkle, was born in Wayne County, Ind., June 10, 1809, de-
ceased March 23, 1872. He was a man of sterling qualities; he was a kind
and indulgent parent and social companion. He married an estimable lady
by ihe name of Avoline Hawkins, of Jay County, who deceased June 30, 1861.
Mr. Hinkle and wife are an intelligent and social couple.

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

ISAAC HOOVER, farmer, P. O. Castle. This industrious citizen was born
July 4, 1S29, in Clark County, Ohio. He attendeJ the district common schools
of his nalive Slate ; he settled in this county in 1840, and was married, Feb-
ruary 1.3, 1856, to Elizabeth Sutton, who was born October 12, 183!>. Nine
children were bom to these parents — Martha J., born November 11,18511;
Joseph, burn February 13, 1862; Michael H., born November 1, 186.'! ; Corne-
lius, born December 2, 1865 ; Luella, born March 5, 1871 ; Lilly IM., born May
11, 1873: Peter, born August 26, 1876, and Florence, born May 15, 1878, and
James I., born July 4, 1881. His father, George Hoover, was a native of Vir-
ginia, born in the year 17!)5, settled in Ohio in 1832, deceased 1851. He was
married to Catharine Simmons, born in Virginia in 1796, immigrated with her
husband to this county, deceased November, 1880. Jlr. Hoover and wife are
worthy members of the Christian Church. He owns a good farm of 171 acres
of valuable land ; is Republican in politics, and considered to be one of the

JACOB S. HOWARD, farmer, P. 0. Uriion City. This worthy citizen was
born February 16, 1823, in Warren County, Ohio. He was united -n marriage,
August 31, 1843, to Margaret Winier, who was a native of Stark County, Ohio,
ai)d born March 18, 1824. .\tr. Howard was educated in Montgomery County,
Ohio, and has engaged successfully in farmyig from boyhood. He and his wor-
thy wife are members of the German Baptist Church. He owns fifty acres of
good land, and is considered one of the best citizena. His father, George How-
ard, was originally from -Maryland, where he was born April 18, 1706, immi-
grated to Warren County, Ohio, in 1809 ; from thence to Montgomery County,
where he deceased April 27, 1876. His wife was originally Elizabeth Ander-
son, born near Pittsburgh, Penn., December 25, 1799; still living at this date.
These people were married in Ohio June, 1822. Jlr. Wimer, the father of
Mrs. Howard, was a native of Pennsylvania, born September 21, 1795; came
to Ohio, and, alter making f;*^yeral changes, deceased in Preble ("ounly, Ohio,
November 13, 1864. His wife was Catharine Studebaker, born in Pennsylvania
December 27, 1802. She was married to Mr. Howard November 18, 1819, de-
ceased at the residence of her daughter, in Jackson Township, December 28,
1809. The following are the sons and daughters of these worthy parents :
John Wimer, born July 15, 1820, deceased June 7, 1830 ; .Mary, De"cember 16,
1821 ; Elizabeth, June 22, 1826 ; Daniel, July 4, 1828; Henry, July 1, 1832,
died in infancy ; Sarah, June 27, 1835 ; Samuel, December 7, 1837 ; Susannah,
July 20, 1840, and J.acob, April 21, 1844.

WESLEY JOHNSON, farmer, P. 0. Union City, born June 25, 1834, in
.Tackson Township, attended the common schools of his neighborhood, and was
united in marriage April 29, 1858, to Sarah A. Hindsley, a native of Darke
County. Ohio, born January 19, 1842. Seven children were born to these pa-
rents—Malinda, October 15, 1859; Tillie V., .May 14, 1861, deceased October
20, 1880 ; Thomas W.. April 20, 1863 ; William L. and Joseph G., twins, De-
cember 15, 1865 ; Bertha A., September 11, 1869, and Malissa A., February 6,
1872. Mr. Johnson owns a good farm of 147 acres of land ; he served in Com-
pany G, Fifty-fourth Indiana Infantry, participating in the principal engage-
ments of the war. He was wounded at Vicksburg in the right hand. Jacob
Johnson, his father, is a native of Frederick County, Md., born November 19,
1792 ; came to Dayton, Ohio, in 1824, and from thence to this county in 1832.
He married Alagdaline Vattenbaker in September, 1816, who was born in June,
1794, in Maryland. He participated in the war of 1812, and was noted for his
bravery. The subject of this sketch owns a good farm of 147 acres of land,
and is a great lover of schools and good books.

JAMES V. KING, physician, Caslle. This esteemed citizen is a native
of Brown County, Ohio, born July 5, 1823. He attended the common schools,
Ripley College, of his native Sute, and settled in this county October, 1846.
The Doctor was married, April 17, 1851, to Mary J. Devor, who was a native
of Darke County, Ohio, born October, 1834. This union was blessed by the
blrlh of eight children— Florence, July 22, 1852; William, August 1, 1855;
Benjamin, .June 24,1857; Mary L.September 9,18-59; Eveline, September
16, 1864 ; Thomas, April 6, 1867 ; Harry, January 6, 1870, and Gertrude,
August 16, 1873. Dr. King studied medicine under the eminent physician.
Dr. Buckner, of Ohio, and has practiced continuously since 1845. He located
in this county in 1846, and has filled the office of Township Trustee, besides
superintending his farm of 140 acres. His father, William King, was a native
of Adams County, Penn.. born August 2, 1792. He was married to Miss
Bonde, of Kentucky, in 1816, and deceased in Brown County, Ohio, December,
1859. He was in the war of 1812, and much of his patriotism and energy
lias descended to his son, the Doctor. The Doctor is considered to be a skill-
ful physician, his practice amounts to $1,500 annually, and he is courteous
and attentive to business. Dr. King's maternal grandfather was a Captain in
the Revolutionary war, and the Doctor says he has often looked upon the old
sword of Capt. Bonde, when a boy, with no little interest.

NORMAN McFARLAND, physician. New Pittsburg. This esteemed gen-
tleman is a native of Darke County, Ohio, born June 10, 1842. He was prin-
cipally educated at Anlioch and Ridgeville Colleges. He was married, Sep-
tember 12, 1870, to Sarah Sanders, who was born at Mount Pleasant, Jay
County, Ind., January 13, 1847. They have one child, Mary J., born Novem-
ber 12, 1875. After reading medicine under Drs. Simmons, Bailey and
Anderson, he graduated in the Indiana Medical College, of Indianapolis, in the
class of 1869, and subsequently attended the Eclectic Medical College of Cincin-
nati, Ohio. The Doctor has followed his profession successfully with an annual
income of $1,500. He is a member of Union City Lodge, No. 152, I. 0. 0. F.
He served in Company C, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, participating in all the prin-
cipal engagements of that organization. His father Lewis JIcFarland, was
born March 6, 1812, and resides at present near Union City. He married
Charity Marquis, a native of Ohio, and born March 12, 1818. Jacob Sanders,
the father of Mrs. McFarland, is a native of Philadelphia, Penn., born May
21, 1810, deceased at Ridgeville, Ind., August 10, 1863; he married Ruth
Penock, February .3, 1833. She was born in Pennsylvania, November 7, 1816,

3ed April 24,

The Doctor

ising young physicic

EMANUEL MANGAS, farmer, P.O. Castle. This worthy farmer is a
native of Pennsylvania, born August 25, 1826. He attended the common

cember 20, 1855, to Catharine Ely, who was born AprTri2, 1838. Two' chil-
dren blessed the first marriage— Jacob J., born December 21, 1869, deceased
February 20, 1864, and Sarah B., April 8, 1865, deceased August 13, 1865.
Mr. M. lost his beloved wife by death, August 8, 1805. He was married the
second time, October 15, 1868, to Caroline L. Castle, who was born July 14,
1834 ; two children were born to these parents— Oliver M., August 11, 1809,
deceased January 3, 1873, and Isaac N., September 12, 1873. This soil is a
bright, intelligent lad of much promise. Mr. Mangos has held the office of
Township Assessor and he and his worthy wife are members of the Disciple
Church. He has followed farming and is one of those stanch Democrats from
principle. The sketch of his parents is given in another part of this work. The
father of Mrs. Mangas, Isaac Castle, is a native of Vermont and bom December
14, 1809; her mother is a Methodist Minister ; was born March 9, 1813. The
subject of this sketch is a law-biding citizen, and is held in high regard by his
neighbors. Mr. Mangn^ has a pleasant home on the Salem and Union City
Turnpike, about five miles north of Union City.

CASPER .MANGAS, farmer, P. 0. Castle. This worthy citizen is a native
of Pennsylvania, born August 12, 1831. He came with his parents to Rich-
land County, Ohio, and from thence to this county. He received his educa-
tion in his adopted county, and was married May 10, 1857, to Mary J. Perry,
who was born March 22, 1837, in Montgomery County, Ohio. Ten children
were born to these parents — Mary J., born November 2, 1868; Emanuel E.,
September 21, 1800; George A., January 31, 1862; William H., September 23,
1863, died 1864; John L., November 5, 1864; Margaret E., September 5, 1806 ;
Jacob L., August 3, 1868; James P., May 10, 1870, and Charles N., August
25, 1875. Mr. M. and wife are worthy members of the Disciple Church, and
are much interested in its behalf. He is nn industrious farmer, and stands
well in the community in which he lives. In politics, he is a Democrat, and is
not only a farmer but a carpenter.

JOHN B. LVONS, Jackson, was bom in Perry County, Ohio, November
29, 1849 ; he came with his parents to Jay County, Ind., in 1850. He was edu-
cated in the common schools of these days; was married April 23, 1874, to
Rosa Snyder, who was a native of Darke County, Ohio, and born February 23,
1853. They have two children — Cora A., born January 20, 1875y and Albert
L., August 3, 1877. Mrs. Lyons, is an estimable lady and sociable companion.
She is a member of the Christian Church. Elijah Lyons, father of John B.,
was born September 24, 1824, in Columbiana County, Ohio. He moved to Jay
County, Ind., in 1830, and January 12, 1821, married Mary Baily, a native of
Pennsylvania. The father of Mrs. J. B. Lyons, was Pierson Snyder, a native
of New Jersey, born April 20, 1820. After making several changes, he de-
ceased in St. Clair, Mo., being killed March 14, 1863, by some deserters from
the rebel Gen. Price's army. Helena Barkalow, the mother of Mrs. Lyons,
was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 26, 1819. She married Mr.
Snyder October 2, 1851, and deceased in Jay County, April C, 1806. Mr.
Lyons is a Democrat in politics. He (^ a social gentleman and well respected
by his neighbors.

JOHN MANGAS, farmer, P. 0. Union City. This industrious citizen WM
born February 25, 1834, in Richland County, (Jhio ; he came with his parents
to this county in 1837, and was schooled among the scenes of those pioneer
days. He was married February 4, 1858, to Hannah Stewart, who was bora
in Wayne County, Ind., May 16, 1841. One child blessed this union— Clark,
born November 27, 1858; married Susan Stapesbury, December 11,1879.
Mr. M. owns a well-cultivated farm of 110 acres of land, and he and wife are
zealous members of the Disciple Church. The father and mother of Mr Mangas
are noticed elsewhere in this work. Isaac M. Stewart was the father of Mrs.
Mangas, born June 16, 1818, a native of Ohio, decease<l in Kansas ; his wife
was originally Cynthia Lambert, a native of Darke County, Ohio, born August
10, 1820, deceased December 13, 1861. His parents were married March 15,
1838 They had nine children— Clark, born September 23, 1839; Hannah,
already mentioned ; Betsy, June 5, 1843, deceased February 5, 1866 ; Polly
Ann, November 17, 1844; Sarah M., June 12, 1847; Amanda J., March 18,
1850; Jonathan, November 12, 18-53; Abigail A., January 17, 1857, and
Lydia A., August 20, 1859. The subject of this sketch is Democratic in politics
and is noted for his generous disposition.

ELI MANGAS, farmer, P. 0. Union City, born May 12, 1839, in Jackson
Township, this county. He attended the rural schools of his native town-
ship, and was married September 20, 1861, to Jemima Smith, who was born
August 26, 1844 ; nine children blessed this union ; John W., born April 22,
1802; Hannah, November 21, 1863, deceased August 16, 1864; Mary E.,
January 14, 1865, deceased August 19, 1865 : William O., Jui.j 3, 1806 ; Kufus
S., October 23, 1808; Lewis J., April 1, 1873, deceased the 27th of same
month : Cora B., October 31, 1875 ; Dora M., May 80, 1877, and Carrie A.,
March 24, 1879, Mr. M.aud wife are worthy members of ihe Disciple Church;
he is Democratic in politics and owns the old homestead on which he was
reared. He has one of the best bams in the county, and gives much atten-
tion to raising fine stock. A sketch of his father and mother are given else-
where in this work. His wife's father is Abraham Smith, who married Mary
Terrell. Mr. Mangas is Superintendent of the Sabbath School of his neighbor-
"--"nndis respected by all friends. Abraham Smith was born September
, 808, in York County, Penn. Mary Smith, his wife, was also' a native of
Pennsylvania, born February 19, 1816 ; they settled in Randolph County in

ABSALOM MANGAS, farmer, P. 0. Union City. This industrious farmer
was born January 31, 1844, on the old homestead in Jackson Township, this
county. He was married the first time November 10, 1806, (o Margaret C.
Thompson, who wag born in Marion County, Ohio, April 20, 1847. One child

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

was horn to these parents — Edward C, September 25. 1807, deceased Decem-
ber 30, 18(58. Mr. M. lost his estimable wife by death and was married the
.second time, Febraary 18, 18ti9, to Malindai Hindsley, who la a uative of
Darke County, Ohio, born August 23, 1844. Fire children blessed this union,
of which number three are living— Marsliall 0., NoYember 27, 1869; rharlie
B., August 4. 1871 ; William 0., April 0, 1873, deceased December 28, 1874;
Marry L., .May 2, 1876, and Clarence 0., January 8, 1881, deceased March 13,
1881. The parents of Mr. Mangas are noticed elsewhere in this work. The
father of Mrs. Mangas is Stephen Hindsley, born in North ('arolina, August
22, 1818. He went with his parents, at three years of age, to Tennessee, from
thence to Darke County, Ohio, and finally settled in this, Jackson Township ; he
was married to Annie .M. McConnell, who waa born June 10, 1820. Tne subject
of this sketch and his wife are worthy members of the Disciple Church ; he is
an eiithusia.'stic Democrat and a good citizen.

SARAH A. NOFFSINGER, farmer, P. 0. Union City, born July 5, 1822,
in Wayne Counly, Ind. ; she was married July 9, 1840, to Eli XoiFsinger, who
was born April G, 1806, in Montgomery County, Ohio. The following children
blessed this union : Enos, born August 18, 1841 ; Aaron, June 8, 1843 ; Jesse
P., November 21, 1845; Andrew, January 21, 1847; Minerva, April 0, 1849,
deceased April 8, 1851 ; ,Saloma, December 18, 1851 ; John, March 7, 1856 ;
Sarah, June 23, 1858; James, February 7, 1861; William P., February 22,
1863. and Leonard V., May 17, 1805. Mrs. Noffsinger is a faithful member of
the German Baptist Church ; owns a good farm of 160 acres of land, and is a
lady of whom her neighbors are proud. Mr. Kli Noffsinger died October 8,
1872; was a member of the German Baptist Church. Enos married I'olly A.
Stewart; Aaron, Mollie Sipple; .lease P., Nancy C. Shinaberg; Andrew, first
wife, Hetlie N. Stover, second wife, Catherine Bowman ; Saloma married George
M. Lauler; John married Ann M. Bricker ; Sarah A., married Silas A. Krcider.

ELI NOFFSINGER, farmer, P. O. linion City, born March 28, 1835, in
Montgomery County, Ohio ; oame here in 1848 ; nfler making several changes,
finally settled here in 1870. He was educated in the common schools of bis
native State, and was married September 3, 1867, to Martha NofTsin^er, born
December 31, 1838. The following children blessed this union: Elizabeth,
born July 7, 1858, deceased November 26, 1864; Henry, December 22, 1859;
Ma, October 18, 1861; Noah, February 13, 1864; Joseph, March 9, 1860;
Kdwurd, March 17, 1868; Clara J., January 1, 1872. and Dora, July 4,1874.
He and his worthy wife are members of the German Baptist Church. His
father was Eli Noffsinger, born July 4, 1794, in Washington County, Pennsyl-
vania, deceased in Illinois, 1801 ; his wife was originally .Mary Pres^el, a
native of Virginia. Mr. Noffsinger is an industrious, conscientious gentleman.

.lOHN POOR.MAN, farmer, P. O. Union City, born June 15, 1815, in Bed-
Cord County, Penn. lie came to Richland County, Ohio, at one year of age,
:ii>d from thence to this county in 1838. He was married, the first lime, on
September 6, 1837, to Lucy A. Brooks, born June 2, 1818, in Vork County,
Pcnn. The following children blessed this union : Henry, born October 5,
IK39, deceased J.anuary 6, 18611 ; Mary A., born September 22, 1841, deceased
April 6, 1848; George W., born July 13, 1842, served in Company E, Eighty-
fourth Indiana Infantry ; Margaret J., born October 13, 1846; Emeretta .M.,
boin July 29, 1849 ; J. n N., born Jlay 24, 1801 ; INlartha E., born August 17,
1855, and James W., born April 22, 1861. Mr. Poorman lost his wife by death
.September 2, 1875. He was married the second time, January 7, 1877, to
Mrs. .Mary Anderson, who was born Janu.ary 16, 1821, in Stark Couniy, Ohio.
His filher, Peter Poorman, was a native of Pennsylvania; located in Richland
County, Ohio; died July 9, 1S30, his wife was originally Elizabeth Shaffer, a
native ofthe same Stale, died in 1850. Mr. Poorman and wife are oonsi-stent
members of the church, he of the Christian and she of the German Baptist,
lie is a Democrat in politics ; owns a good farm of eighty acres of land, and is
gonemlly esteemed.

I'ETIUl POORMAN, Township Trustee, Union City. This worthy citizen
is a native of Richland County, Ohio, born July 22, 1838. He came to this
County with his parents ivt Six weeks of age, and attended school in I lie rural
districts of this township. Ho was married, August 6, 18-58, to Mary Warren,
who was born in Wayne Counly, Ind., September 6, 1833. The following chil-
dren blfssed this union : Elizabeth A., born January 10, 1860, deceased August
9, 1809 ; Eli N., born October 3, 1862, deceased August 20, 1868 ; Minerva E.,
born .January 24, 1865, deceased August 21, 1868; Cora A., bom M.arch 24,
1870; James W., born May 5, 1872; Etiie B., born JI»y 6, 1875, and Nilda
L., born June 10, 1878. The father and mother of the subject of Ihis sketch
■ire noticed irlsewhere in this work. Mr. Poorman has filled successfully ihe
oHice of Township Assessor for six terms, and the people appreciating the
honesty and integrity of this citizen, elected him Township Trustee in the
spriiiir of 1880. He and his worthy wife are members of the New- Light Church.

HKNRV UICKERT, farmer, P. 0. Jackson. This gentleman is one of Ihe
worthy farmers of his township ; was born in .Monlgonicry Counly, Ohio, April
111, 1848. Mr. Rickert, when a youth, had limited opporluniiies to attend
school, and therefore his knowledge is derived principally from close observa-
tion and practical experience. On the 14lh of August, 1873, he married Miss
Wimer, a daughter of John Wimer, whose biography may be found on the
I'HKes of thi.s volume. Miss Wimer is also a native of Montgomery County,
Oliio, horn January 7, 18.52. Mr. Wimer and wife have three chiblren living
—Henry A., born August I, 1875 ; yVmos W., September 2(1, 1878, and JIarlin
A.. August 23, I8H1. Mr Rickert is a Democrat. He and his esliraal.le wife
:irc members of the German Baptist Church.

GEORGE RICKERT.
George Rickert was born February 15, 1840, in Montgomery County, Ohio.
He is (he son of John and Elizabeth Rickert, who were bom in Germany, Ihe
I'onnor in August, 1801, and the latter in March, 1811. They were Ihe parents
of eight children, named rcspeclivcly. Mary A., John, George, Jacob, Leonard,
.Samuel, Henry and Elizihelh, all of whom are now living except Mary A.,
Jacob, Leonard and Samuel. George, the subject of this skelch, came to Ran-

mly, Ind.,

is parents In 1862. He attended tl

:t schools

farm. By the training of his early
life, he became familiar with the details of farming, and as he grew to man-
hood adopted that pursuit, which he has ever since continued with marked suc-
cess. On the 29th of March, 1866, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah
J. Stuck, who was born in Champaign County, Ohio, in March, 1848. The
fruits of this union are three children, named respectively, William A., Mary
E. and John E.

Like many of our substantial farmers and best citizens, Mr. Rickert ig a
self-made man, having earned his success by honest toil, steadily and gradu-
ally, without any sudden stroke of good fortune. He has a fine farm of eighty
acres on the New Pittsburg pike, under splendid improvement, and with a
handsome residence and substantial barn and outbuildings. He is a enterpris-
ing, industrious man, and, by honest toil, has accumulated a comfortable estate.
He is honest and upright in his dealings with his fellow-men, and has gained
the confidence and regard of all who know him, being recognized as one of the
best citizens of his township. He is a member of the German Reformed Church,
and in politics, is a Democrat.

His wife is the daughter of John Stuck, who was born in Pennsylvania in
August, 1823, ond is now a minister of the Gospel in Darke County, Ohio. She
is an estimable lady, and possess the affectionate regard of the community in
in which she resides.

JOSEPH SHREEV.

Joseph Sbreev was born in Carroll County, Md., October 13, 1810, and died
in Randolph County, Ind., August 13, 1879. In his youth lie learned the mil-
ler's trade, and throughout his life, was engaged at that pursuit with marked
success. When twenty-two years of age, he left home, and located on the
Whitewater River, in Wayne Counly, Ind., where he operated a flouring-mill
for William Mitchell. About ten years Inter, he removed to Dolluf s Mill, on
Whitewater, where he remained about a year. Removing then to his farm,
east of Union '^^ity, he was engaged in agricultural pursuits for twelve years.
At the end of that lime, he located in Union (^ity, where, in partnership with
Spencer Hill, he erected a flouring-mill, which has since been remodeled, and
is now known as Pierce's Warehouse. In September, 1864, he removed to
Jackson Township, Randolph t'ounty, and purcoased a mill on the Mississinewa
River. He remodeled this establishment, furnishing it throughout with new
and improved machinery, and making it a first-class mill, operating it success-
fully until his decease.

He was twice married, first, on July 7, 1842, to Cynthia Ann Edwards, in
Wayne County. Ind. By this union they were the parents of three children,
only one of whom, Enos E-, now survives. His wife died on the 30th day of
March, 18.50, and on the 18t(i of March, 1852, he was united in marriage with
Emily Gibbs, a native of Darke Counly, Ohio, and daughter of David and Mary
Gibbs. This second union was blessed by eight children, viz., David G.. Andrew
M., Senith E., Brvanl J., Jacob W., Rebecca A., Edward Ellsworth and Wesley
Preston. Of this number all are now living save Wesley P.

' Air. Shreev began life as a poor boy. without any capital bnt honesty and
industry, and a strong determination to succeed. And these qualities proved
Ihe key to success, and enabled him, with good management, to accumulate a
comfortable estate. He was a hard worker, and all that he acquired in the
way of worldly wealth was Ihe result of honest toiL In politics, he was a Re-
publican, but with him, politics was a secondary consideration. His work de-
manded and received all of his attention, and he never consented to occupy an
elective office, nor did he ever feeV a desire for political recognition. He be-
came an Odd Fellow at AVeslroinster, Md., and retained his membership in that
lodge until his death. In his business transactions, and in all his dealings
Willi his fellow-mon, he wa» scrupulously honest, and by his integrity, won the
confidence and respect of all who knew him. Although not a pioneer, he was
one of the most liberal of citizens, and took a hearty interest in Ihe improve-
ment of the county, contributing liberally to all enterprises of a public nature,
and was especially the friend of public education and religion. He was a man
of strong character, and in hisdeath the community lost one of its best citizens.
His wife survives him , and still controls the mill properly. The mill is operated
by her .sons, who are gentlemen of fine business ability, and thoroughly familiar
with the work in which they are engaged.

■ W. K.SIMMONS. The subject of this sketch is one of.tlie substantial
citizens Of Randolph County, lie is a native pf this county; born August 31,
1841. His education was acquired in the district schools. Having served
his majority at home. Mr. Simmons, on June 3, 1«65, married Malinda A. Sell,
May 11, 1845. They have three children— Dora, born March 29. W68 ; Edar,
September 15, 1869, and Esta, November 11, 1871. ' The abovernamed children
are bright and intelligent, and are a great sourceof happiness for their parents.
Mr. Simmons and wife are worthy members of the German Baptist Church, of
which he has been a minister for twelve years. His father. Aaron Simmons
luis been identified with this county since the year 1842 ; and has always been
known as an honorable and respectable citizen. He is a native of Miami
Counly, Ohio, born February 1, 1810. In the year 1840, he married Rebecca
.Marquis, she was born in Ohio, in 1819, February 2. Aaron Simmons and
wife live on the Salem and Union Pike, two and one-half miles northwest of
Union City. On the fnrm of W. K. Simmons is a flowing well, which has a
capacity of about twelve gallons per minute. It has been dug seven years and
has unceasingly continued in its wonderful supply of water.

NOAH S. SMITH, farmer, P. 0. Union City. This industrious citizen was
born December 21, 1854, in this connty. He attended the district schools,
and was married, December 24, 1874, to Martha J. Sell, who was born in
Jackson Township, Ihis county, October 3, 1853. Two children blessed this
union— Troy, bom July 1, 1870, and Lafayette, October 7, 1878, deceased July
13, 1879. Henry Smith, the father of the subject of this sketch, was a native
of Pennsylvania, born May 27. 1810, came to this county in 1837, deceased
September 29, 1880 ; his wife, formerly Elizabeth Noffsinger, was a native of

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Mr Joseph Shreev

Mrs Emily Shreev^

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Res. OF C. Trine, Jackson Tp. Randolph Co.Ind,

JACKSON TOWNSHIP.

El'HRAIM SPITLER.P. 0. Jackson, was born June 1.5, ISM.inMonlgc...
er.v Cn., Ohio. He was educated in the cbinmon schools of hia n.itive State. On
April !1, 1357, he united in raarringe with Agnes A. Anderson, who was born in
luiiiiitta County, I^enn., June 30, 18,34. They have seven children living—
liiii-rictt, born Seplember 2H, 1858 ; Joseph L., September V'i, ISGO; James H.,
Octuber 25, 18G2 ; W.arreu E., November 0, 18fi4 ; Martha J.. January 7, 18C7 -,
Ora B., June 4, 1871, and Parker, October 13, 1875. Joseph Spiller, the
frither of the subject of this sketch, was a native of Ohio. He jvas born March,
1811!, .and married Miss Barbara Limbert. Mr. Spitlbr owns a valuable little
[arm of eighty .acres. Is a worthy member of the United Brethren Church
and a respected citisen. The father of Mrs. Spitler wa.5 James Anderson, ft
native of Pennsylvania, was born April, 15, 1794. He married Ruth McClian,'
also a native of Pennsylvania ; she was born January 6, 1800. They were
united in the holy bonds of matrimoay in the year 1820, November 20. In the
year 1854, they moved to Darke County, Ohio, where they lived until their '
licalh. He deceased Marcli 20, 1868, and his faithful wife Ruth, November !), 1864

CUAllLES TRINE.
George Trine, the patern.al grandfather of this gentleman, was a native of

roused the American cause in the struggle for iudepeudenee. .Vt the battle of
Bunker Hill, he was wounded in the left hand, and being permanently disabled,
was a pensioner. He lived in Berks County, in the Slate of Pennsylv.ania,
where he reared his faniilj-and died. Tlie German orOiography of the family
name became anglicized after, a jesidence of a few years in America, and iVas
writtfen as at present by his descendants. Jacob Trine, his son, and the father
of the subject of this sketch, was born and reared in Berks County, I'cnn;:', Ho
ijiurried ia that county, anil in 1882 removed with his family to Butler County,
Ohio, where he followed the trades of weaving and dyeing until his de.'ttii,
which occurred in 1845, his wife having died in the preceding year.

Charles, the subject of this sketch, was born January 1), 1826, in Berks
Ijiunty, Penn:, and accompanied iiis parents to Ohio when about six years of
age. JJe grew up in tiiat Slate, with but limited educational advantages, but
studying hard in his leisure liours at home, when not engaged in assisting his
father in the daily routine of W'-k. When eighleen years of age, he iveut to
learn the potter's trade at Miltonville, Ohio, and worked at this trade fur nine
years. He then rented a farm in Butler County, and for several years follow-
ing was engaged in agricuUural pursuits at various points in Ohio. In 1S()2,
he purcha.^;ed the farm upim which be still resides (eonsisiing then of eiglily
acres), and in 18G:J came with his family to live upon the new farm in Randolph
County, Ind. What is now a fine farm was then principally in the forest, and
almost destitute of improvement, with the exception of a little log-cabin, which
for .several years was the home of his family. But he was young and energclic,
and not destined long to occupy a dwelling ao humble. He cleared his farm,
ond in the meantime iustiluled many improvements, not iho least of which was
the purchase of an additional forty acres of laud. In 1875, he erected a splen-
did brick mansion in the place of little log-liouse of earlier d.ays. He has ad-
hered closely to the pursuit of farming, and by honesty and industry has ac-
cumulated a comfortable fortune, while he has established himself permanenlly
in ihe good will of his fellow-citizens.

He was married, July 1, 184U, to Miss Elizabeth Hinkle, in Butler County,
Ohio. She was born in that county on the IJJth of November, 18211, and is the
ri-uighter of Joseph Hinkle, an early settler of that county. Her grandfather

town, above t^ncinnati. Mrs. '1 rinc is an excellent lady, and has done well
her part in encouraging and lielping her husband in his ellorls to succeed, and
still lives to sliare and enjoy the prosperity th.at has crowned their nuitual.
lalior.s. They are the parents of eight children, six of whom are now living, '
viz. : S.-juire H., married, and living in the State of Oregon ; Sarah J., wife of
Jacob Byru-u, now living in Randolph County; William S., married, and living
in D.arke County, Ohio ; Laura S., wifv; of Preston Hoke, now living in Jackson
Township ; Charles E. and Alpheus H. residing at home. Henry C, the eldest,
and Josy, the youngest, are decejiaed.

Mr. Trine is a member of the Presbyterian Church at Union City. In his
political affiliations he is a Republican, but has never sought or occupied any
elective office. He has, however, been selected to fill offices of honor and trust
ill turnpike companies and other corporations. He has been a Director of Ihe
I nion City Agricultural & Mechanical Association since the organization of
iliat society, and President of the Board of Trustees of Lisbon Cemetery since
the oiganizalinn of that board.

W 1 LLIAM WARREN is a native of Randolph County, N, C. Ho was born
March 3, 1811. In the year 1825, lie left his native State, and accompanied

He-

ind this

IS educated in the (

I Randolph County as

On January 12, 18-32, Miss Elizabeth Newton be-
came his wife. Tbe following children blessed this union : Mary, born Sep-
tember fi, 18;«; Nancy A., April 11, 1835 (she died October 4, 1837): New-
ton H. ivas born May 4, 1837 (deceased same year) ; William was born October
,4, 1838; Rachel, March 24, 1841 ; John, January 2(1, 1844; Eli, January 1,
1847; Lousetta, July 9, 1850, and Newton, May 17, 1854. Mrs. Warren died
April 0, 1806. Mil-. Warreif again married. Miss Mary A. Dixon uniled in
njarriage with hiii» on August Jl), 1866. She was born in Montgomery Counly,
Ohio, Janu!^ry 8, 1822. ; James Warren, the father of William, was a native
6f North Carolina, and was born November 16, 1787, and died June 27, 1876.
Elizabeth Caviness, the mother of Mr. Warren, was also a native of North Caro-
lina, and born January 9, 1790. She died August 28, 1865. Mr. Warren
owns a valuable farm of 123 acres, and is one of the substantial citizens of
the community.

GEORGE WARNER, firmer, P. 0. Union City. This industrious citizen
is a native of Carroll County, Md., born March 13, 1842. He came to Darke
County, Ohio, in the year 1864, and from thence settled here in the spring of
1878. He was united in marriage. August 28, 1870, to AlbinaSkidmore, born
in Darke Counly, Ohio, April 3, 1851. They had four children, of which num-
,ber three are living— Effie (born August 16, 1871), Elvin (December 4, 1874),
Earl (July 28, 1876, deceased August 2 same year) and Maggie (July 16,
1878). Jlr. W. served in Company B, Forty-seventh Ohio Infantry, iu the
war for the Union. He was in several lively skirmishes, and was at the assault
of Fort McAllister. He is Renublican in politics, and he and wife are worthy
members of the Disciple Church. The father of Mr. Warner is Elias Warner.
He was a native of the State of Maryland; settled in Darke County, Ohio, in
1864. and is still living. His wife, originally Mary A. Murniugstar, was also
a native of Maryland, born about the year 1812, deceaiied October 16, 1873.
The father of Jlrs. Warner is Samuel C. Skidmore, a native of New Jersey,
born July 18, 1817. He was married to Susannah Rarick, who was born Oc-
tober 29, 1829, iu Darke County, Ohio, where she now resides.

D.WARREN. This substantial farmer is one of the leading agricullur-
isls of Randolph County, coming to this counly many years ago, and settling
in the new and unimproved township of Jackson; he has, perhaps, done as
much as any one citizen of the township in transforming a wilderness into a
beautiful and productive farming district. Jackson Township stands second
to none of Ihe good townships found in the counly, and its many broad and
fertile acres amply testify, for the untiring energy of her citizens. The subject
of this skolcli was born in Guilford County, N. C, February 5, 1815. ' He
came to ^^'ayne I'ounly, Ind., in the year 1821, thence settled in this county
thirty-three years ago (1849). Miss Nancy Taylor, a native of Kentucky,
born June 20, 1821, became his wife April 11. 1836. The following children
blessed this union : James M., born May 18, 1840; Sarah A., October 11,
1842; Elihn, February 17. 1845; Margaret M., February 14, 1849: John T.,
February 12, 1852; Elizabeth ('., September 11, 1854; William H., January
1, 1S>7; Isaac W,, February 22, 1859; Mary E., Seplember 4, 1861, and
Nancy L., August 28, 1864. Mr. Warren and family are earnest members of
the Disciple Church, and are universally esteemed by their neizhbors. He owns
a large farm, all of which is susceptible of cultivation. The tract contains
837 acres, and as Mr. Warren engages extensively in stock-raising, quite a
portion of his farm is pasture land. Mr. Warren is a man of strict honesty
and integrity, a kind and indulgent parent, an affectionate husband, and .a
genial companion. He has the respect and cnntidonce of the community among
whom he has lived for nearly half a century. He is Republican in principle
and practice, and has unlimited faith in the intelligence of the people of our
country. Still in his strength and vigor, may this substantial farmer continue
to enjoy the comforts of a pleasant home, and the esteem of his large circle of
aciiuaintances.

JOHN M. WniER, farmer, P. 0. Union City, born June 7, 1830, in Ohio;
eame to this county in March, 1857. He attended school in his native St^ite.
and was married December 28, 1850, to Catharine Miers, a native of Mont-
gomery County, Ohio, born October 9, 1831. The following children were
born to them: Levina, January 7, 1852; Andrew J., March 11, 1853; de-
ceased February 23, 1865; Franklin, January 28, 1855, died April 8, 1800;
Mahahi, September 20, 1857, died December 7, 1861; Sophia, December IS,
1859; Adam, April 9,1861; Valentine, June 20, 1803; Amos, January 7,
1866; Henry, June 27, 1868; Eve A., April 21,1871, and Susanab, March
3, 1874. Mr. W. and wife are members of the German Baptist Church, and
they are ■ generally esteemed. Michael Wimer, his father, was a native of
Pennsylvania; settled in Preble Counly, Ohio, died .about Ihe year 1831 ; his
wife was Catharine Studebakcr. They were worthy people and generally loved.

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

GREEN TOWNSHIP.

Gieen Township is in the northwestern corner of the county,
being the westemmosfc of the northern tier of townships— Jcack-
Eon, Ward. Franklin and GreeJi. It h'es, like the others men-
tioned, in the viilley of the Mississinewa River, and on both
sides of that stream, the larger half of the township being on
the southside.

Two principal creeks flow northward, Elkhorn and Mud
Creeks, and oiie sonthwcstwnrd, Dinner Creek, from Jay County.
The township is naiTower than the other three northern town-
ships by a mile and a half, that width being taken to form a
part of Monroe, located directly south of Green and north of
Stony Creek. The region, though lying away from the prior
settlements established in the county, and neglficted almost till
the last, has! proved to be good and fertile, and the citizens of
that part of the county are proud of their location, thinking it
in natural advantages not a whit behind the other townships of
old Randolph.

The surface of the region is for the most part moderat-ely
rolling, though some portions are tolerably level. The country
was originally burdened with a heavy growth of timber,
a large amount of which still remains. The settlement of Green
Township, as already stated, was not till long after the first oc-
cujiation of the region. One might have supposed that, since
the upper portions of the valley were taken up between 1816
and 18'20. that pioneers would have passed down the ri\er and
jilanted their stakes along its lower course. Not so. Th« first
entry in the bounds of Green To^niship was made August 18,
1S32, sixteen years after the first entry in the up[)er valley, and
by the close of lS3u only fifteen (juaiier sections liad been pur-
chased of the United States, or only about one-inghth of the
whole. But, during the years 1830, 1837 and 1838, the rush
for entiles was great, and by the close of the latter year all the
land in the county except the school sections and scattering
jiieces hero and there that had escaped the notice of the general
pxiblic, had passed into the bauds of private owners, though not
\ei-y much was yet occupied by bona fide settlers. The entries
in Green Township iij) to November 11. 1835, are sal down be-

John Michael. N. W. S. 21. 12, IGU, Augast 18, 1832; Mar-
tin Boots, N. E. {). 21, 12. KiO, August 18, 1832; Alexander Gar-
ringer, E. N. AV. '.), 21. 12. SO, October 5, 1832; Alexander Gairin-
ger, N. W. N. W. '.1.21. 1 2, 4( ). October 5, 1832 ; Thomas Brown, N.
W. S. E. 11. 21. 12. 40, November 24. 1832; David Brown, S.
E. S.E. 11,21, 12. 40. December 1, 1832; John Ganinger, N. N.
E. 8, 21. 12, SO. Mar.h 30. 1833; Alexander Gai-nnger. N. N.
W. 10, 21, 12, 80. April 13, 1833; Jacob Winegartner, E. S.
E. 8, 21, 13. SO, May IS. 1S33; Isaac Garringer, N. E. N. W.
10. 21. 12, 40. August 24, 1833; William R. Marine. W. N. W.
17. 21. 13. SO. September 7. 1833; Alexander Garringer, S. E.
S. W. 4. 21. 12. 40. September 7, 1833; Stephen Venard, N.
W. S. E. 5, 21. 12, 40, October 4, 1833: James Brown, N. E.
N. \V. 13. 21. 12, 40, October 12, 1833; William Venard. E. S.
E. 5. 21, 12. SO, October 26, 1833; John Gan-inger. W. S. W.
3. 21. 12, SO, November 0, 1833: Reuben Strong, N. E. 10, 21,
12, 100, November 23, 1833: Jonathan Green, N. W. N. W. 13,
21, 12, 40, Noveraljer 24, 1S33: James Bryan, E. N. E. 8.21.
12. 80, December 28, lS33:Charies PeiTv, S. E. N. AV. 10, 21,
12, 40, March 4, 1834; John Bone, AV. S. \v. 4, 21, 12, 80, June
10, 1834: Alexander Stoi)hens. W. N. E. S, 21, 13, 80, June 10.
1S34: William P. Gray, N. E. N. A\'. 24, 21. 12. 40. July 7,
1834: Reuben Strong. N. W. 11. 21. 12, 100, August. 1834;
Elijah Harboiu-, S. E. S. AW 2, 21, 12, 40, December 29, 1834;
Elijah Harbour, S. E. 2.21, 12, 100. December 21), 1834: Abner

AVoolverton, S. E. S. F^ 4. 21, 12, 40, March 2, 1835; Jacob
Clouse, pai-t of 5, 21, 12, March 2, 1835; Ubery Sleener, S.
E. S. AV. and S. W. S. E..,7, 21, 13, 80, April 4, 183D; Isaac
Garringer, S. W. S. E. 4, 21, 12, 40; Tunis Brooks, N. N. E. 20,
21, 12, 80, April 20. 1835; William McCammish, S. E. N. W.
24, 21, 12, 40, April 15, 1835; John Gray. N. E. S. W. 24, 21,
12, 40, August 3, 1835; Joseph Cross, S. AV. N. W. 13, 21, 12.
40, November 11, 1835.

By examination it appears that every one of the forty-two en-
tries above given except one wa-j upon Mississinewa River, or
near that stream or upon Elkhorn. Nearly the whole of the rivev
acro.ss the entire txiwnship had been entered, and most of Elk-
horn for two miles up that stream. The solitary outside entr>-
hud been made in Section 20, 21, 12, near Delaware line, .some
three miles south of the river.

A large pai-t of these entries had been made in advance of
settlement in Mom-oe Township. Only eight entries or 440 acres
had been made, as stated in the history of Monroe Township, up
to June, 1835, while forty- four entries to 2,560 acres had been
effected in Green Township.

In 1832, six entries, 520 acres; in 1833, thirteen entries, '.120
acres; in 1834, seven entries, 500 acres; in 1835, eight entries,
about foiu' hundi'ed acres.

It is tnie, indeed, that the whole northern tier of townships
and AVayne as well had remained mostly unoccupied tip to 1834,
or thirty yeai-s after the tiret emigration to the county.' But the
time had then come for the rush of entry and emigration, and
in three years from 1835 nearly everj' acre of available land had
been jJiu-chased. How much had been settled up to the close of
1838 we are not able to state.

Green Township is six and five-eighths miles long from east
to -west and four and one-half miles wide north and south, with
Jay County uortb. Franklin Township east, Moni'oe Township
south and Delaware County west, containing twenty-nine ami
three- fourrhs sqiiare miles, or about nineteen thousand and forty
acres. It comprises the following sections:

Townshi]) 21, Range 12, pai-ts of Sections 8. 17. 20, 25, 20,
27, 28 and 2U; whole of Sections 1 to 4, 9 to 10 and 21 to 24.

Township 21. Range 13, Sections 5 to 8. 11 to 14, 17 to 20
and pai-ts of Sections 21) and 30.

SETTLEMENT.

The first actual settlers in Green Township iire supposed to
have been Alexander Gan-inger and Martin Boots, opposite Fair-
view. They entered their land in August and October, 1832,
and were living there in March, 1833, and probably in 1832.
AVhen the Greens and Bro^vns came from Tennessee in March,
1833, Garringer and Boots were the only families in the town-
ship. In the spring of 1833, a comj)any from Tennessee (see
biography of Thomas Brown and Jonathan Green) settled not
far from Steubenville, on both sides of the river, which colony
made a brave beginning for that township of at least nine and
perhaps more families in one group.

Philip Berger. who came in 1838, says: "The country was
all woods. A few settlers were scattered here and there, but they
had only cabins with small clearings like deep caves simk far
below the tops of the thick, almost unbroken forest. These lit-
tle clearings made hardly a perceptible break in the vast, untrod-
den wilderness." When he came he says the residents were as
follows: Alexander Garringer, across the river from P'airview;
Mai-tin Boots, across the river from Fail-view; Mr. Porter, on
the present site of Fain-iew— did not stay; Daniel Culver had
bought out Mr. Porter, and was there at the time of Mr. Ber-
ger's arrival; Naselrod had been on Thomas Hubbard's i)lace;
Hubbard bought out Naselrod in 1837: Alexander Stevens had

^■^ai^* .^sT — " ^ ,1^. . ^ ■ ■^ — ,1 1 "■' "' •' ■' ' '■ i'" \-; ' ■ ■ - —

L.:r::r'""^

I [ ;, j ;; f^-^'f^ [' ^r-^

Res. cr Mrs. .:.,nn>,.; iLC.READ, GreenTr, Randolph Co., Ind.

GREEN TOWNSHIP.

407

sGttlod in the east part about 18:](), ponuips the first iu the town-
ship; John Bono lived below Faivview, and now resides in the
town; Anthony Wayne McKinney came in lyiH. and his son,
John B. McKinney, lives now opposite Fairview in a splendid
and costly mansion, beincr the owner of fourteen or fifteen hun-
dred acres of land and of great herds of cattle and stock; Nathan
Godwin came in l!S37. and his son, Thomas Godwin, is a resi-
dent of Fairview; John Garringer came in 18:^0, and resided
where Baldwin now lives; Martin Smith bought out Garringer
in the fall of 1830; Bennet King, father of William O. King,
residing near Deerfield, lived iu the northwest corner of the
county, northwest of Fairview; Bennet King went to Missoiu-i
and lives there yet; Elijah Harbour was west of Samuel Cay-
lor's, in the fall of 1835; The Browns (Thomas and his three
sons) had settled south of the river, perhaps in 1833 or 1S84.
They sold to Zebulon Ganti-eH in lS39, and left for Iowa; Israel
Wirt entered south of Brown's in 1S30, and moved there in the
fall of 1837; ho died in the summer of iSSO, eighty-four years
old; Tunis Brooks lived on Brook's Prairie. He had been there
two or three years. Benjamin Mann was on the south side of the
river, one mile west of Fairview. William Vineyard lived above
Fairview. He was uncle to Edward Starbuck's first wife, her
father being John Vineyard, brother to William, and a very nice
and estimable gentleman, and much less backwoodsish than some
others of the connection. James McProud was a very early .set-
tler, and is still living, having been a prominent citizen. Elijah
Hurbom- came in 1834, settling north of Mississinewa and oast
of Fairview. He was buried in Fairview. having the largest
country funeral ever known in that rogioQ. His death took
place in ISGU or 1870. Nathan Davis, on tlie John Life farm;
Ulrich Keetlor was on the Nancy Boots fal-ini David Milbura
was on the nortli side, two miles east of FairvioW; Jonathto.
Joel and Julian Green lived near Stenbenville; thb BrowHs
were north of Cht'istian Lifer's, south of the river; Martin Boots
was south of the fiver, near Fairview; Samuel Caylor caiuo in
1S37; John Life, came in the spring or sumulef bf 1838.

The first inail rciute was from Deerfield to Granville. Dela-
\\rare County, on<4e in two weeks, out and back on horseback, in

1843. The fitst mill was built by Anthony McKinney on the
river below Fairview, where Woolverton's Mill now is. He had
fiM a saw-mill, then a corn cracker, afterward a grist mill. Ho
was making the dam in 1838. The saw mill began work iu
l83'J. the corn mill in the fall, and the wheat mill in 1841 or
1842. The first school was in the winter of 183 1 in a little
round log cabin near Fairview, on the river bank. The first
meeting was held in that same log calkin. The first church was
built of logs for the Methodists about 1830 iu Fairview. About

1844, a (juarterly meeting was held at Thomas Hubbard's.
Their house had just been built, and had no floor, and the
sleepers served very well for seats. Methodist meetings used •/)
be held at Nathan Godwin's. Christian (New Light) meetings
wore held at Martin Smith's. The schoolhouso now standing iu
the third: the first was log, the second frame, the third bric-li:,
The first brick house was either Samuel Caylor's or William
Oi-e's. The first brick kiln was a small one o'f thirty or forty
thousand for chimneys, burnt by Thomas Hubbard. Samciel
Caylor burnt his own brick. The first reapers iu the township
were J, B. McKinney's and Philip Berger's. Mr. Berger"s started
first. They wore the Kirby reaper, and the time was 185? or
1850. The first threshing machine was run by Philip Stover, of
Delaware County. It was a "falling beater" and " chuff-piler."
He threshed first for old Elijah Harbour and then for Philip
Bevger,

The first Justice was John Garringer in 1838. People say
that he kept his docket on slips of paper and stuck them in cracks
in the logs of his cabin, and that nobody but himself could read
them. The fir.-st burial in Fairview graveyard was that of an old
lady, Mrs. Shirley, mothor-inlawof Kauben Eppart. Mr. God-
win laid oft' the graveyard. Thomas Powell was buried in what is
now J. B. McKinney's pasture bafore 1838. The spot is unknown,
The first wheat in thesettlamant w.israisei by Ttio-Tiis Hubbard,
three acres, produoing sisty bushels. Flat-boats and pirogues
used to float down the river with apples, pork, flour and what

not. One spring five boats came down loaded with charcoal.
They were stove in, and the coal was lost. One broke in pieces
going over McKinney's dam. Mr. Hubbard set out an orchard
iu 1840. getting the trees of Joab ^Vard, at Ridgeville. There
were 120 trees, and ho gave $9 a hundred, bringing them down
the river in a canoe. The brick kiln of Thomas Hubbard was
the first. William Ore. Samuel Caylor and J. B. McKinney each,
burned his own bricks for his house. There are no brick fac-
tories in the township, neither are there any tile factories,
though much ditching has been done. However, there are no
long company ditches made under authority of law. No pikes
had been made in Green Township, strange as the fact may seem,
till the summer of 1880. The people there made a beginning
upon the east and west road leading from Ridgeville to Fair-
view, an old throughf are laid out some fifty or more years ago.

There are no railroads through the township. Three roads
run near, but none touch its soil. Fairview, the chief town, is
but a short distance from several railroad points, but is itself
cut off from all. Several bridges have been erected in Green
Township, one iron bridge at Fairview, one bridge north of
Steubenville, one south of Emmetsvillo and perhaps others, all
across the Mississinewa River. Although the settlement of this
region was so late that much of the forest still remains standing,
yet many of the residents have acquired comfortable fortunes
and substantial and even elegant homes. In Green Township
may be found, in fact, perhap.*^ the most costly dweUiiig in Ran-
dolph County, that of John B. McKinney, Esrj.. opposite Fair-
view, of a peculiar stylo, unique but elegant, and very expensive,
said to contain forty rooms. The people of Green Township are
mostly moral, upright, ijidnstrious. frugal and thi-iving in their
disposition, character alid habits.

I For furtjher dt*tails see mills, churches, schools, remin-
iscences, otd. I ; '

The bonhdaries of Green may be stated thlis: North by Jay
Oouhty, oast by Franklih, south by Monroe, west by Delaware
County.

Township 21, Range 12— Sections 1. 5, 12, 21, 22, 23, 25,
20, 27, 28, entered in 1830-37; Section 2, 1834-37: Sections 3, 4,
20, 1833-30; Section 8, 1832-30: Sections 9, 13, 1832-37; Sec-
tion 10, 1833-37; Section 11, 1832-34; Sections 14, 15, 17, 29,
1830; Section 10, school land; Section 24, 1835-37.

Township 21, Range 13--Sections 5, 0, 28. 1830-37; Sec-
tions 8, 17, 1833-37; Sections 19, 20. 29, 30, 1837; Section 7,
1835-37. Wliolo township entered between 1832 and 1837.

Berlin. — Location, on south side of Mississinewa River,
Section 4, Town 21, Range 12, opposite Fairview, Streets:
North and south. Main; east and west. Water, Ash; thirty-one
lots; B. Mann, proprietor; Moorman Way, surveyor; recorded
December 13. 1833. Town extinct. " Died horning." It seems
that the proprietors of Fairview and Berlin played at " cross pur-
poses," and Fairview won for the time. Both towns could not
live unless they had become doubly strong like Pittsburgh and
Alleghany, or New York and Brooklyn. Berlin had, in truth,
two years the start, and still she " lost."

Eininettsfille. — Was laid out some years ago, but no record
has been made of the plat. It is located upon Sections 5. 0. 7
and 8, Town 21, Range 13, a little north of Mississinewa River,
upon the Dearfield & Fairviow State road, leading from Green-
ville, Ohio, northwestward. The surrounding country seems fer-
tile and prosperous. In 1857, there were two wagon shops,
Mercer and Hastings; two smith shops, Cool and Jenkins; one
grocery, William Ore: one cabinet stiop. Esquire Gordon: one
siiwmill (with corn-cracker), H. Jenkins; one post ofiBce, D.
Thornburg; one schoolhouso; one hotel. Gough: one physician,
Felix Ore. The business men since that time have been as fol-
lows: Merchants, D. Ore, Jones, Wilson, Merricle, Bretch, Bick-
ner, S. O/e, Webb, S. Ore (second); cabinet shops, Gordon,
Sackman, Richardson; physicians, Ore, Bailey, Capron; smith
shops. Cool, Jenkins, Reaves.. The town is now nearly dead for
business. Two churches are here— United Brethren and Ger-

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

man Evangelical. There is a schoolhouso and a post offioe.
The town has no railroad and no piko except that tho tirst pike
in the township is now (1S80) in prograss upon the old Deortield
State road, directly through the town, coming too late, however,
to renew tho life of tho dead. The town, so far as business is
concerned, is wholly dead. Not even a smith shop i^nlivons the
street by its noisy din. Tho houses, several of them, stand va-
cant, dilapidated and ready to tumble down, and Emmettsville
is altogether desolate and wo-begone.

Fairview. — Location, Section 4, Town 21. Range 12, north-
west corner of township; Thomas Hubbrtrd. Samuel Boots, Na-
than Goodwin, Daniel Culver, proprietors; forty-eight lots.
, Recorded March 26, 18:W. Streets: North and south. Main:
e;ist and west, North, Summit, Water. On the Mississinewa
River, north side. Deorliidd, twelve mile.i; Ridgevilio, nine
miles; Emmofctsvillo. four miles: Farmland, eight miles.

The town was laid out in 1S:1S by Thomas Hubbard, Samuel
Boots, Nathan Goodwin anrl Daniel Culver. It is located on
' Section -4, Town 21, Range 12, near tlie northwest corner of the
township, and of Randolph County ;is well, on the Deertteld &
Ridgeville road, which extends northwest jiast Emmettsville and
■ Fairview into Delaware County. The ground on which it is
built is finely rolling, unusually so for Randolph County. The
business of the town began about as follows: Alex Garringer had
a little store at his cabin south of the river, and he moved the
goods over to the site of the town, and " set iij) " in lS;il>. ^Mr.
(i. also started a smith shop. He had had a shop over at his
farm, but he changed locations. He was not a smith himself,
but maintained a shop, hu-ing his workmen. Mr. Harris was the
tirst physician, in 1S12. He was also the lirst Po.stmaster.
Mail was can-i(>d once in two weeks on horseback, from Doer-
lield to (xreetiville. Delaware fJounfcy. A little cabin was used
lor a schoolhouso iu ]S:J7-;«, standing near the river bridge on
tho north bank. A log church was built about 1S;J9. The .town
grew gi'adually and not very slowly, and it came to be quite a
stirring place. There were at one time (IS-t-") to ISuO) tliroe or
four thriving stores, two smith .sho[)s. three hot»>ls and ccmsid-
erable other businass of vai-iou-s kinds. Tho years during the
war witnessed the greatest activity in goods. Thei-e was heavy
stock trading and much other business. Fitzpatrick it Wilson
drove and fed stock largely. Tho merchants ;it various tiuu's
have been Messrs. Garringer. Cleveland, Missuer, I'it/ji.itrick iV
Wilson, J. B. McKinney, John King, M, R. SmiTh. Jllij^ili Har-
bor, G. H. Bird, George Blakely, Robert Starl)uck. Moiu-..e
Starbuek, William E. Starbuck, James Reese. Mayner & Son;
physicians. Harris, Godwin, Fausen, Moore, Vickere. Johnson,
Davis, Fager; hotels. Bone, Richardson, Cleveland, Sullivan,
McKinney. Haynes, Judy, Gcjdwin; smith shops, Garringer,
Ore, Dowden, Dixon, McClelland, Miller, Cawthorn, Bromagen;
wagon shops, Me.ssrs. Ziegler, Newstiel, Hester; Postmasters.
HaiTis, Fitz[)atrick. King, Coevos. Street, Mrs. Street, Starbuck,
W. E. Starbuck, Mayner, Fager; saw-mill, Judy & Reese, Star-
buck & Morris; the mill was finally moved to Morristown. The
town is now much decayed. The business at [U-esent comprises
two small stores, two smith shops, one post office, one taiioe's
shop, two churches. Christian (New Light) and Methodist.
There was once a tanyard, but it has been gone for many yeai-s.
Tho Christian Church was built in ISl-j or 1840, but is iiot now
used. The Methodist Oiurch was built first, in IS:!'.). The one
now standing was built in 1841). and remodeled in IS74. There
is a graveyard in connection with the Methodist Church, which is
extensively used, being in reasonable repair. There are many
tombstones, and a large number of soldiers have been buried
therein. The cemetery was laid out by Nathan Godwin, before
Residents in the vicinity are Thomas Hubbard, 1()0 acres;
iresormore; \V. E. Starbuck. UO acres;
'.res: Philip Barger, 247 acres; Chalkloy
Ball' win, 140 acres; James Mayiior, ;!2() acres (mostly in Jay
Oou ty); Sanford Spahr, 140 acres. The gentlemen named are
all K publicans, except J. B. McKinnev, who is a Democrat.

Biulgos: There are throe large bridges near Fairview. all of
them over the Mississinewa. One is directly at Eiiirview. cross-
ing over tho river to the residence of J. B.- McKiimey, Esip, and

J. B. McKinney, 1,400 a(
IS Goodwin, 11)2 i

I constructed of iron. One wooden bridge near Samuel Caylor's.
■ One wooden bridge near Evans'. No railroad comes to Fairview,
I and none passes through Green Township, yet five tracks pass
' near the township, and not very far from the town. The Pan-
\ Handle passes through Redkey, Powei-s and Dunkirk, all in Jay
I County. Powers is seven miles, Redkey five miles and Dun-
j kirk six and one-half miles from Fairview. The " Bee Line"
I passes through Farmland and Morristown. Farmland is eleven
1 miles and Morristown eight miles distant. The " Shoo-Fly "
j Railroad passes through Ridgeville, crossing the Pan-Handle at
I that place. Ridgeville is eight miles from Fairview. TheMun-
i cie & Fort Wayne Railroad goes through Eaton, nine miles from
I Fairview. The Lake Erie & Western has a st:ition at Albany,
1 in Delaware County, two and one-half miles from Fairview.
\ Thus Fairview is completely environed with railroads and rail-
; road towns, wo that there is little room left for it to thrive and
i prosper. There is no pike and none, in fact. In Green Town-
I ship, but one is in process on the old Deerfield & Fairview State
\ road having been begun during the summer of 1880.
i RorMingham. — Section 17, Town 21, Range 13, ten miles
I northwest from Winchester, five miles west from Ridgeville, on
\ Mississinewa River. Streets: North and south, Adams and
' Psample (sic); east and wast, Jackson and Main. W. R.
I Merine, ]>roprietor. Laidout December 27, 1833; acknowledged
March 26, 1830; recorded March 31, 1836.

The village was laid out in 1833 by William R. Merine, and
recorded in 1830. The town had so slight a growth and so early
a death that iintil lately (August. 1881) no one was met with
who had ever so much had heard of Rockingham or had the least
i idea of its location. John Ford, however, residing on Elkhorn,
\ in Green Township, who moved to the county in 1839, says that
(at .some time, ho does not say when) a good store was kept at
: the town of Rockingham, but that there was nothing else in the
i town. So that Rockingham lived its brief life not in vain, and
! spent all its days in accomplishing good to the surrounding re-
Mr. Green, sou of Jonathan Green, one of the tirst settler^ of
Green Township, says that his father had a not too pleasant me-
morial of that town in the fact that he had to refund to the pro-
priettii-sof that store several hundred dollars, without right or jus-
t ice, which came near "' breaki ng him up. " But utter oblivion now
rests npou tlio place, except in the memory of a very few fimong
tho pioneers or their immediate descendants. A clerk of that
store had placed in the hands of Mr. Green, as Magistrate, notes
: for collection belonging to that fh-m, with verbal orders to pay
j the money, when obtained, to certain parties who had accounte
I against them. He did so, and then the proprietoi-s of the store
j denied tho authority of the clerk to act for them in that way.
' He, meanwhile, had "vamoosed the ranch," and Mr. Green was
j forced to account for tho money to the original parties holding
I the notes. In these days, when rogues are pushed to find
methods of raising the wind, this backwoods plan is worthy of

NhcdriUc Hamkt. — Not incorporated; located on Sections 18
and ly. Town 21, Range 13; begun about 1880. It stands not
on any stream, uor railroad, nor thoroughfare, nor pike, nor ca-
nal, but just right whore it is close by a saw-mill. It is a little
jilace, lately in the woods, has a store, a sawmill, a smith shop
and a wagon (repair) shop, and the enterprising denizens of the
place have secured a mail route through the vicinity and a post
i office at their ambitious little hamlet. The store is owned by
\ Alonzo Brinkley and the saw-mill by Miranda & Barger.
I There is something peculiar about this town (by courtesy and
name, though not incorporated nor even platted). There is not
I a dwelling in it and but three buildings, one of which is the saw-
i mill, a rough structure, made of posts, and a lumber roof. The
j business men of tho place are all bachelors, and have to board
j out of town, though only two dwelling-houses are in sight. In
] some countries, and at sometimes, this humble beginning of
j things'might bo the starting point to future greatness. How it
i will be for Shedville during tho ages that are to come, this as-
j i)iring little hamlet just budding into life among the older and
I more pretentious towns of old Randolph, forty years hence may

GREEN TOWNSHIP.

499

perhaps roveal to tlioso who may at that timo b(;> inhabitants of
this region and to the dwellers in this county, in that distant
era; and to the historian of that coming time, we trustfully com-
mit the now latent possibilities and the yet unrevoaled history
of that rising city.
' SteubeiwUle. -Isr-del Wirt, Jonathan Green, proprietors. Lo-

■ cation, Sections 13 and li, Town 21, Range 12; C. G. Gootkich,
surveyor. Plat surveyed December 24, 1839. Recorded July
28, 18-10; twenty-foiu- lots. Town extinct.

It was laid out by Israel Wirt and Jonathan Green in 1840.
It stands upon Sections 13 and 14,' Town 21, Range 12,1'on thef
south side of the Mississinewaliiver, though not very.hear to
that stream. There was once a tanyard, a store, kept by Israel
AVirt, a smith shop by Julian and four or live house.s. A ceme-
tery lies near the plac9 which is still in use and in reasonable
repair. Thf town never did much business, nor was ever pros-
perous, and it has been entirely dead for more than twenty years.
The place is not even a "cross-roads," but a spot where au east
and west road strikes a north aucj. soilitli ohe. Mr. Wirt, one of
the proprietors, was one of the firs,t pionoers of that region, and
died in the summer of 1880, at the adv^faded [ige of i about eighty
years. The town was surveyed and pl^tljejd Deuembor 24, 1839,
and recorded July 28, J,840.' . Thought .^idWed during the early
settlement of the township, fate w&s agaihst It, and it had to suc-

Thomas Hubbard has a stdnp qtiaiji'y north of Fairviow. Mr.
Doiighei'ty has a stone quarry] diie mile 'east of Fairview.

Green Township i^ abmewlikt strongly Republican in politics.

Gi-avel is by no meatis scljl-cb, though the people are only
lately beginning to realize wnkt jisQ td make of it ai;id to apply it
thereto. Sand is obtained cllibfiy from the bod of the Missis-
sinewa, and the quality is good.

There have ))00il no pikes in the region. The first in the
township was commenced in 1880 from Ridgevillo west to the
county line via Fairview, and others, also, are projected in va-
rious directions.

■No railroads cross the limits of Green, yet five lines are within
a moderate distance from Fairview: Pan-Handle road, with sta-
tions as follows: Powers, seven miles from Fairview; Redkey,
five miles; Dunkirk, six and one half miles.

■' Bee Line " — Parker, eight miles; Farmland, eleven miles.

"Shoe-Fly and Pan- Handle Crossing "—Ridgeville, eight

Muncie & Fort Wayne Railroad — Eaton, nine miles.

Lake Erie & Western —Albany, two and one-half miles

Thus the people of Green Township are well supplied with
markets in every direction, but all outside their own limits, and,
hereafter, towns in Green Township will be hard to find and
equally difiicult to locate and build.

Philip Barger born in Fayette County, Ohio, in 1815. His
parents were Virginians who left that State on account of slav-
ery. His father died when Philip was young. Mr. Barger
came to look at the country in 184(3, and entered land in the fall
of that year (145 acres). He married Elizabeth Strong October
4, 1888, in Delaware County, Ind., came to Randolph County,
Intl.. to live and settle October 24, 1838. They have had seven
children, four of whom grew up and three are living. His wife
died August 7, 1877. He has been by occupation a farmer, and
has also held severjil public trusts. He has been Township
Assessor, Justice of the Peace four years, County Commissioner
two terms, once about thirty years ago, and also in 1872-75. He
was one of the board that built the new court house, and is satis-
tied that they did right. He has a tine farm, is an active, intel-
ligent man, a Republican, a strong temperance man, and alto- |
gather a valuable and esteemed citizen. He is substantial and i
reliable, solid but not showy, fond of knowledge, has a large
supply of instructive- books, a steadfast friend and supporter of
morality and education and of every good cause. Although
verging towai-d threescore years and ten, he is yet strong and
vigorous, and enjoys attention to business.

John Bono is an early settler. He has been twice married.
He is a mechanic and a farmer, and, though now threescore
years and ten, he yet practices his trade as a cai-penter. He was
once a Whig, but is now a Democrat, since he votes with that
party. He is over seventy years old, and has resided in Green
Township for more forty-five years and now resides in the little
town of Fairyi.ew.

Thomas iBfown was born in East Tennessee, and came to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1832, settling in Green Township in
,1833. His family wore all grown and married, and all came to-
gether to the new country. They were David, Thomas and

James, sons and married; Rebecca (Davis), (McCarnish),

Sarah (Green), (White). Catharine (Gray). They all

settled together, making up a colony in the woods. Nearly the
whole confiection (except the Greens) went to Iowa about 1837,
leaving their places for other new-comers.

John Ford was born in the city of New York in 1802; his
father removed to Richmond, Va.,'in 1808, and afterward to
Rockbridge County, Va. In 1819, they came to Fayette County,
Ohio, and, in 1823. to Clinton County, Ohio. Young Ford was
now pf age, but poor and destitute, yet bent on earning a home,
and tr.-'Aelod a groat deal in early life. He married Elizabeth
Johnson .11 Clinton County in 1827. In 1829, he came to Ran-
dolph County, and roamed the woods back and forth. From
Judge Sample's, on White River, to John Byles', in Delaware
County, Lhere was lib road nor the semblance of one. He se-
lected land where Albany How stands, but his uncle dissuaded
him, declaring that hb (Fofd) would never live to see it sfettled.
He did, finally, some yekrs afterward, August 20, 18§S, enter
land in Green Township, 120 acfes, E. N. E. and N. W. N. E
25, '.?!, 12, on Elkhorn. He moved to the tract in 1839, alid ilds
i'esided upon it foi'ijr-two years. He is a farmer, has owftod 240
acres, now has KJO actes. Ho was a Pr6sbyi.ol-iar^, but thei'e
have bnrjn none in the region, and he has stood aloof from Chilrch
mombr-ship. In politics, originally a Democrat, he has teen of
late yct,rs a Republican. When he raised his cabin men had to
come f.;'om Cabin Creek to help him perform the work. When
ho explored tho region, in 1829, he came to Sample's Mill,
struck across tho woods, pathless and waste, to John Byles',
looked at the land, thence took an Indian trail to the " Godfrey
trace," and followed it to somewhere north of Winchester, got
lost, but found his way to Winchester before his comi-ades ar-
rived. What was remarkable, he says he was not aware of any
settlers on tlie Mississinewa. At Winchester the court house
was made of beech logs. There was only one frame building in
tho -own. From Winchester he struck for Greenville, perform-
ing the whole journey on foot.

(^Note. — It would seem as though Mr. Ford's journey must have
been earlier than he puts it, as tho ■ brick court house was let in
1826 and finished in 1828.)

Mr. Ford has been a great hunter, having killed eight deer in
one day, and throe or four often, and sometimes five. He has
killed the highest number spoken of above in half a day. He
shot forty-nine that first fall, fiom October to a little after New
Y'ear's. Tho skins and the hams ho would sell, the rest of the
carcass would, for tho most part, be loft in tho woods.

Mr. Ford says there was one ptore and quite a good one, and
nothing else, at tho town of Rockingham, on the Mississinewa,
located on Section 17, Town 21, Range 13, five miles west of
Hidgeville. and recorded March 20, 1836. It seems that tho
town died, for Mr. Ford is the first person who appears to have
known that such a town was ever there. He says that the store
continued about eighteen months, but that tho town was never
built and that there was never anything besides. Mr. Ford has
but a slender appreciation of the glory of Lewallyn's Mill, at
Ridgeville, since he says that it was a little old "corn-cracker not
much larger than a hog pen. " Probably it was not very sightly
beside the modern palaces at which farmers get their wheat
changed to superfine flour of the most superior brand. However,
many a worthy family were profoundly thankful for the existence
of that poor little mill, and lived bounteously on the corn meal
made by running the corn through its home-made mill-stones.
Mr. Ford enjoys a sprightly old age, having borne cheerfully

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

and well the hardships and privations of his wilderness hunter
life.

Nathan Godwin was born in Delaware in 1780. He married
Elizabeth West in 1810; she was born in 1784. They had seven
children, all of whom are living, and all are married and have
families, some of them large ones. Mr. Gmlwin has had forty-
six grandchildren and eighty great-grandchildren. He emi-
grated from Delaware to Virginia, thence to Pennsylvania, thence
to Highland County, Ohio, and from there to Green Township,
Randolph County, Ind., in 1837. He entered 520 acres of land,
and bought eighty acres more, making in- all 000 acres. He was
a farmer, a Methodist and a Republican. He lived to be very
old, dying in 1875, at the great age of uinety-five years eight
months and eight days. His body was interred at Fairview
Cemetei-y, as was also his wife, who died many years before her
husband, July 24, 1843, aged fifty-eight years nine months and
three days. "

Thomas Godwin i.s the youngest son of Nathan Godwin.
He was born in 1800, marrie^l Nancy Ann Ewitig, in 1845, has
had ten children, six of whom are living, and three are married.
He lives in the town of Fairview and keeps a hotel there, being
also a farmer, owning 1512 acres of land. He is a Methodist and
a Republican. Ho is an active and respected member of tao
community, and a leading and influential citizen.

Jonathan Green was bom in Enst Tennessee in 17i)2. He
emigrated to Randolph County in 1832, living a year at Sample-
town, and settling in Green Township ir. 1833. He entered
three "forties" and followed the vocation of farming till his
death, in 18511, at the age of sixty-seven. He was the first Jus-
tice of the Peace in Green Township, and held the office sixteen
years He married Sarah Brown in Ea.st Tennessee and they
had eleven children, eight i.f whom grew up, seven were married
and six are living now. When he came Alexander Garringor
and Martin Boots were the only persons residing in the township,
three miles down the river opposite Fairview. He came in
March, cleared six acres and planted it in corn, having raised a
crop in 1832 on White River, and, during the summer of 1834,
bought a little com and never bought another bushel of corn as
long as he lived. Only ono house was to be found on the way
to White River, Peter Hester's. William Addington lived at
Ridgeville. Jamea Addington came on the Mississinewa after
awhile. He came near being broken up at one time. The clerk
of a mercantile firm fit Rockingham (a town on the Mississinewa
below Ridgeville, long years ago extinct) left some notes belong-
ing to the firm with him, as Magistrate, to be collected, with
orders to pay the money to certain creditors of the firm. He did
so, but the firm denied his authority, and sued him for the
mone)'. The clerk had absconded, and as he could not prove his
authority for the payments he had made, the rascally firm got
judgment against him, and he had to refund to them $300 or
$400, which in those times was a great sum. A large company of
relativss came together from Tennessee, the Brown connection,
comprising some nine families, and all settled on the Missis-
sinewa. They stopped a year on White River and raised a crop,
entered their land, went over to the Mississinewa and builtshan-
ties, and, in March, 1833, moved to their new homes, and settled
down to live in good earnest. They had built up the " pons" to
the chimneys, with no jambs, nor backwalls, nor chimney tops,
and fixed those things afterward.

The wolves were thick around. One day the dog.s barked, and
father, looking out, saw two wolves near at hand. A loaded gun
lay on the hooks just behind him. within easy roach, but, forget-
tin':j the gun, he slapped his hands and halloed at them and the
villains scampered off. The ho;j;s had to be penned up so tight
that the wolves could not get at them.

Julian Green, son of Jonathan Green, was born in East Ten-
nessee in 1828, coming with his father to Randolph in 1832, and
his home has been here ever since. He is a farmer and has
Bovon children, residing at present in Franklin Township.

Thomas Hubbard was born in Delaware in 1804. came to
Ross County, Ohio, in 1S07, to Fayotte County. Ind , in 1811,
and to Randolph County. Ind., in 1837. He married Eleanor
Rogers, born in ISO", in 1827, and they have had twelve chil-

dren; nine of t-hom are living and all the nine are married.
Four live in Randolph County, one in Jay County, two in Iowa
and two in California Mr. Hubbard and his wife, though well
advanced in years, enjoy good health and strength and seem
happy in their old ago. They live near Fairview on the land
which he pui'chased when they came to the county forty-four years
ago, and since their wedding day fifty-four years have elapsed
into eternity, and should they be spared to see a few more annual
suns complete their round, they will celebrate with thankful
hearts, their " diamond wedding." which few, indeed, have ever
beheld this side the opening gates of the " New Jerusalem."

William May, Emmettsville, was born in 1820, in Pennsyl-
vania; came to Columbiana County. Ohio, in 1833, to Coshocton,
Ohio, in 1838, to Union County, Ind.. in 1840, Ripley County,
Ind., in 1842, to Wayne County, Ind., in 1844, to Delaware
County, Ind., in 1853, and to Green Town.ship, Randolph Coun-
ty. Ind., in 1857. He ha= been twice married, the first time, in
1843, and the second time in 1848. Ho has had eleven children,
ten of whom are now living. He is a farmer, a member of the
United Brethren Church and a Republican.

Antflny W. McKinney was born in Ponnsylvania. He came
to Green Township, Randolph County, in 1837. He has had
eleven children, eight stifl alive, and seven arc married. His
childi-en reside in Randolph, Jay and Delaware Counties and in
Nebraska. His father was a soldier in the Revolutionary war,
who died at Fairview, aged ninety years. Mr. McKinney also
died at Fairview, Ind., an old man. He was u farmer and a
Democrat, and had been a soldier in the war of 1812. It is a
noteworthy fact that when he arrived in Randolph County, he
had just 60 cents and no more. As poor as ho was, his son,
John W. McKinney, now owns some 1,500 acres of land and sup.
ports hundreds of cattle for market in the larger towns and more
distant cities. The wealth that they possess has every cent
been acquired since that important day when the elder McKinney
became a denizen of Randolph. His father must have felt an
admiration for the daring soldier who captured Stony Point at
midnight in the old Revolutionary war, since he named his son
after the gallant hero, Anthony Wayne, " Mad Anthony," whom
the Indian chief called the " General who never slept," who, by
his valor and prowess, retrieved the shameful disasters and de-
feats of the past campaigns, and taught the haughty savages
submission to the power of the whites.

John B. McKinney, son of Antony W. McKinney, resides
across the Mississinewa River, south from Fairview. He owns
1,400 acres or more of land, and is u great stock dealer and raiser,
owning hundreds of cattle. He has a wife and three children,
and the finest residence in Green Township, and there are few,
if any, equal to it (outside the cities) in Randolph County. He
is an energetic and successful business man, an active Democrat
in politics and a prominent citizen.

James McProud was born in Warren County, Ohio, in 1801,
came to Randolph County in 1827, and moved here in 1829, He
married Hannah Roberts in Ohio before he was of aga They
have had nine children, all of whom became grown and were
married, and seven are living still. He has spent his life as a
farmer, now owning 100 acres, but having been possessed atone
period of a whole section. He is a Methodist, the first Method-
ist preaching in the town.ship having taken place at his house.
In politics, he was a Democrat, voting for "Old Hickory." Be-
coming afterward a Whig, in course of time he joined the Re-
publican party, to which he still adheres. Though over eighty
years old, he is still hale and sprightly and vigorous. He is
fond of recounting the old-time exploits and adventures, of which
ho has experienced bis full share. The " circuit ridor " at the
"first preaching" was George Bowers, and his " circuit" com-
prised a horseback journey through a forest and flood of 250
mili^s. His aged wife, the sharer of the hardships of his pioneer
life, died January 11, 1881, aged seventy-four years, four
months and eleven days, of paralysis. She had been a member
of the Methodist Church more than sixty years, and married not
quite as long. Her family has consisted of nine children, sis
boys and three girls, all gi'own, married and settled in life, and
seven living at the present time. Her funeral was attended by

dREEN TOWNSHIP.

a large concoiu-se of friends and neighbors, the services being
conducted by Rev. John A. Moorman, of Farmland, Ind., and
her remains being laid in Hopewell Cemetery.

Israel Wirt was born in 1796, and settled in Green Town-
ship vferv early, entering laud in 1836, and moving in 1837.
He was one of the proprietors of the little town of Steubenville,
which wag laid ovlt in 1839, but has been extinct for more than
twenty years. He was a farmer and business ,mun, keeping a
stofe alpo at Steubenville fo^ several years. He owned a con-
siderable body of land near that place, and bjiilt a comfortable
reidence there. He had a family of several children, and died at
the age of eighty-four years, in August, 1880, leaving to bis
heirs a considerable fortune.

PHILIP BARGER, farmef, P. 0. Fairview, was hctti in Fayetle County,
Ohio, April Ufi, 1815. His father, Philip Barger, Sr., was horn in Montgomery
County, V»., and moved to Fayette County, Ohio, in 1804. His mother, whose
niaidtn nlitnS was Polly Shroyer, was also a native of Montgomery County,
Va. She, died in Fayette County, Ohio, in 1819, and her husband died about
the year iS'i'J. Philih Barger, Sr., served in the war of 1812. The subject of
this sketch cahift to Randolph County, Ind,, at an early day, and entered a
tract of government land, which ,he .cleared and improved. On the 4th of
October,, 1^38, he was married (o Elizabeth Strong, daughter of Reuben
Strong, j]f Delaware Couniv, Ind. Her father was born in Massachusetts, and
her Inotheh w,hose maidM name *as Barbara Boots, was born in Virginia.
Mrs. Biii-ger dle^l in Atiglist, 1877, in her fifty-fifth year. She bore her hus-
biiud seveti dhlldren, lllrfeb of whotn— Lusfetta, Lewis and Napoleon B., now
survive. .Johb W., Hehry C, Jlirltim ahd an infant ar? deceased. Mr. Bar-
ter has 247 acl^eS ot Bile land in Sections 3 wi 4, andis engagjfed at Ihc occu-
pation tif fnlrtninf. He 'is a.ineinber of the M, E. Church, and of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd bellows. Irt politics, he i? a Republican.

SAMUEL GAYLOR, farmec.-P. 0. EmmetUvlllc, wiis born iu Ross (bounty,
•Oiiio, November 'iO, 1811. HU parents, Jacob and CatuarinB (A(cher) Caylor,
;were natives of Virginia, the fufmer'born,i;>ecember 2.5, 1777, and the latter
April 0, 1782. They located in Fayette County, Ohio, in 18I9,.wbere they
•J remained until deatb. Tieir parehts came froiif,Germany. The subject of
this sketch was married, Janiiary 10, 1884, lo Annie Life, in Fayette County,
Ohio; and soon after removed to D'eWware County, Ind. In 1837, he removed
to Randolph Count*, locating upon n- tract of Government land, which he had'
. entcritdife short tifde prf«ioji)sly, couaistiug of 120 tfcres. Shortly aftervrtird he
"weiit toRofes CiVi^ty, ,5)iioy wit|h,,aflhPM, mare and a mule eoH, ond sold them
■ forSlO. ' Mding $10,tb thj^^mQunt, he purchaseil rtnadditionalforir acres of
- lantl, ftiid about a y(>itr"'later 1ie purchased forty Adieu inore'witlj SSffreceived
( from his father. His land was all heavily timbered, and was cleared by his
own labor. He continued to enlarge the boundaries of his farm until his pos-
sessions aggregated 1,800 acres. Of this amount, nearly 600 acres have been
given by him to various members of his family. He had two children by the
first wife, one of whom died in infancy, and the other, Christopher, in 1837.
(In the 4th of .luly, 1838, he married Elizabeth Boots, a native of Fayette
County, Oliio. They are the parents of seven children— IMary, Martin, Jacob,
Alartha, John, Melissa and Sarah.

SILAS S. CLARK, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born in the fort at Fort
Wayne. Ind., March 2, 1830. His father, Mahlon Clark, was burn in Ran-
dolph County, N. C, in 1795. His mother, whose maiden name was Margaret
Cartwright, was a native of Guiltord County, N. C. She was a second cousin
of Rev. Peter Cartwright, the famous pioneer Methodist circuit preacher. His
father, Mahlon Clark, located in Randolph County, Ind., in 1818, but soon
went to Fort Wayne, where he embarked iu trading with the Indians. Several
years later he returned to Randolph County, Ind. The subject of this sketch
was married, September I, 1853, to Emily J. Moore, a native of Randolph
County, Ind. Her father, Elmos Moore, was born in Randolph County, N. C,
and her mother, whose maiden name was Ailey Middleton, was a native of the
same county. Mr. Clark and wife are the parents of six children— Martha
A., John C, Emma Z., Sarah L., James 0. and Mary E., one of whom, Mary
E., is deceased. During the late war, Mr. Clark was a soldier in the Union
army. He enlisted in the Ninth Indiana Regiment on the 6th of October,
1864, and served until the close of the war. He was in the battles of Pulaski,
Franklin and Columbia, Tcnn., after which he fell ill, and has never since
regained his former health. During the earlier years of his life he was
engaged at the shoemaker's trade, but, after the war, adopted farming, which he
has followed ever since. He has forty acres in Green Township. He was
ippointed Justice of the Peace, and, after serving three years, was elected for
A term of four years. In politics, he is a Republican. Himself and wife are
members of the Christian Church.

JOHN C. CLARK, farmer, P. 0 Farmland, was born in Randolph County,
Ind., in 1856. His father, S. S. Clark, was born within the old fort at Fort
Wayne, Ind., March 2, 1830. His mother, whose maiden name was Emily J.
Moore, was born in Randolph County, Ind. His father served in the Ninth
In. liana Regiment United States Volunteers, during the war of the rcbell-
' i.T,, On the 6th of May, 1880, Mr. Oark was married to Miss Sarah E.
('. .nlj, who.se parents were both natives of Randolph County, Ind. Mr. Clark
h;i8 Ori^ acres of land, and is engaged in the pursuit of farming. He is a
Kiember of the Christian Church, and, in politics, is a Republican. His wife
is a member of the United Brethren Church. Her father was a member of the
Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment, and was killed at the battle of Nashville in
1864.

He

.rried, i

1843. I

re county,

doah Valley, Va. The subject of this

Gaines, who bore him ten children, five of whom now survive— Witliam K.,
Ison P., Lucy L., Henderson W. and Asa. His second marriage took place
1870, at which time he was wedded to Martha J. Qantz. The children by

this marriage are John C, Josephine B. and N.iomi A. In early life, Mr.

Conn learned the shoe-maker's trade, but for the past three years has been a
jter of the Methodist Protestant Church. His father was a soldier in the

war of 1812, and his grandfather

a uative of Vir-
?. His mother's
irginia, and died

lia County, Va., January 2l, 1811. His father, Enoch

ginia, and died in Monongalia County, Va., April 18,

maiden name was Mary Hoffman. She was also a native

in Motiongalia County August 30, 1869. Alexander Ct

Ihe coi!nmon schools of his native County. He came to Randolph County, Ind.

in 1840, and, in 1843, taught the first school in his school district. He wa

married, February 5, 1836, to Elizabeth Jones, daughter of Benji

Elizabeth (Bell) Jones, natives of Virginia. His"

children, and by the second marriage there were

L. Mr. Current is a member of the M. E. Chur^ii, »» la »iou ...=, «..=. ...

politics, he is a Republican.

JACOB DAUGHKRTY, farmer, P. 0. Fairview, was born in tireene County,
Ohio, May 27, 1839. His parents, James D. and Jemima (Shirk) Daughcrty,
were both natives of Virginia. In 1851, they removed to Jay County, Ind.,
where they still reside. The subjeot of this sketch wa? a member of the
Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment, and participated in the battles of Dalton,
Buzzard Roost, Pumpkin Vine Run, Lost Mountain, and the battles at and
around AtlanU rie was also in the engagements at Lovejoy Suition and at
Nashville under Gen. Thomas. He was at the surrender of Fort Anderson,
and in the fight at Kingston, N. C. On the 10th of January, 1861, he was
married to Susan C. Andrews, who died April 7, 1809. Their daughter is now
the wife of John Bodkin, and resides at Farmland, in this county. In 1870,
Mr. Daughertj w.« married to Susanna Evens, his present companion. She ia
the daughter -if John and Mary (Norris) Evens, both natives of Monongalia

jdisEPk C. DEVOSS, farmer, P. O. Fairview. was born in Highland
County, Ohio, ills father, David Do'voss, was born in Ross County, Ohio, and
his mother, whose maiden name was Dorcas Chaney, was bom in Highland
County,..Ohlo. They cam^ to Randolph Cotinty, Ind., in 1854, and located in
Green Township, where th(! father died in .SlarCh, 1866. The sulyect of this
sketch entered theUiiiou army in ISfii, and served ttiue months, taking paH,
in'eanwhile, in (.lie battlds of Franklin and Nashville, Tenn. He Ma married,
October 23, X860„to Julia A. Campbell, who was born April 20i 1840. She
bore him four children, viz.: David A. James M., Daniel H. and Cora A. James
M. died December 10, 1870; Daniel H. died October 30, 1877 ;Mrs. Devoss
died June 1, 1H69. On the 4th of December, 1872, Mr. Devoss was married,
10 Cynthia A. Read, daughter of Cyrus and Sarah H. C. Read. They are the
parents of two children — John L. and Cyrus R. -Mr. Devoss and wife are
both members of the M. E. Church. He has served two terms as Trustee of
his township, and is now serving as assessor. He is a member of the Masonic
fraternity and of the Patrons of Husbandry. He has a fine farm of 127 acres
in Sections 15 and 10. Mr. Devoss is a member of the I. 0. 0. F.

Ci'NTHIA A. DILL, farmer, P. O. Fairview, daughter of Martin and
Rhoda (Strong) Boots, was born in Greene County, Ohio, November 20, 1827.
She came to Randolph County, Ind., with her husband in 1852, locating in
Green Township. Her father died here, March 15, 1873, aged seventy-two
years. On the 18th of February, 1845, Miss Boots was married to Solomon
Dill, who died February 27, 1860. They were the parents of seven children,
four of whom are now living, viz. : Martha J., George A., Lewis and David.
Rhoda E., Martin L. and Philip M. are deceased. Mr. Dill was always en-
gaged in the pursuit of farming, and was a man who possessed the confidence
and esteem of all who knew him. Since his demise, the farm has been con-
ducted by Mrs. Dill and her sons. She is the owner of 100 acres of fine land
in Section 2. .Mrs. Dill is a member of the German Reformed Church.

.MINERVA EVANS, farmer, P. 0. Fairview, daughter of Reuben and
Barbara (Boots) Strong, was born in Greene County, Ohio, September 3, 1824.
Her father was born in .Massachusetts and her mother in Virginia. They came
to Indiana in 1834, and settled in Delaware County, where both died— the
father in 1835 and the mother in 1862. In 1842, the subject of this sketch
was married to George W. Evans, who was born in Ohio in 1817, and died in
Randolph County, Ind., in 1800. Their wedded life was blessed by nine sons,
six of whom are" now living, viz. : Jesse, Alfred, Levi .M., Charles, Napoleon
B. and George W. William Henry enlisted for the six months' service, but
fell a victim to measles and died in Tennessee, December 31, 1863, five months
after his enlistment. He was in his nineteenth year, and was Second Lieu-
tenant, in command of Company B, One Hundred and Eighteenth Indiana
Volunteer Infantry. Francis M., died in October, 1850: John R. died Novem-
ber 25, 1864. All the sons are farmers and identified with the Republican
party, and two of them are Post Grands in Fairview Lodge, No. 134, 1. 0. 0. F.
They have a fine farm' of 312 acres, under a good state of cultivation.

GEORGE FORD, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born in Green Township,
Randolph County, Ind., in 1846. His father, John Ford, was born March 13,
1803, in the Slate of New York. His mother was Betsey Johnson before mar-
riage. In 1869, Mr. Ford was married to Miss Lucinda Flood, a native of
Montgomery County, Ohio, and daughter of John and Sarah (Proof) Flood.
Thoy are the parents of six children, four of when >:-;-- ..:-

Melissa J., Ida A., Mary L. and John C.

Mr. Ford is engaged in a

jricultural

pursuits, and has eighty acres of land i

n Section 19. His wife is

a member

of the Methodist Protestant Church.

JAMES H. FORD, farmer, P. 0. Fa

rmland, was born in Clint

ra County,

Ohio, in 1844. IfiafAther, Robert, was t

13 mother,

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Catharine (Hoblet) Ford, was born in Clinton County, Ohio. Pu
war the subject of this sketch served the Union cause as a mei
Second Regiment Missouri State Militia. He served three years,
pated in the battles in which hia regiment wan engaged, among ih<
battles of Bloom6eld, Mo., and Niger Wood Swamp. His fathe
same branch of the service. Mr. Ford and wife are the parents
dren, viz. : .Minnie B., Elma C, Clyde E. and Arthur J. He is
occupation and a Republican in polities. He has forty
Green Township, and forty acres in Missouri. Both h
members of the Christian Church.

JOHN FORD, farmer, P. O. Farmland, was born in the city of New York,
March l:!, 1803. His father, George Ford, was born in County Down, Ireland.
His mother, before marriage was I'rudence Kearn, His father was once en-
gaged in a rebellion against the British Government. On the Ist of February,
IH'iG, the subject of this sketch was married to Klizabeth Johnson ; she was
bom in Hamilton County, Ohio, and her father, Cornelius Johnson, was born
in New Jersey. Mr. Ford came to Randolph County, Ind., in 1827, and en-
tered a tract of Government land in Green Township, where he still resides.
He entered his land in 1882. and now owns IcO acres. Mr. Ford and wife
are the parents of eleven children, five ot whom are living, viz. : Margaret,
Mary, George, Wilson B. and Samuel H. He had one son who fell in de-
fense of the Union, killed by " sharp-shooters." David Ford, an uncle of the
subject of this sketch, came to the United Stales about 1809 or 1810. He never
married, but made his home with a family in Rockbridge County, Va , until
about the year 1821. It was known by his relatives that he had a large
amount of gold in his possession, but after his death it could never be found
or accounted for.

THOMAS GREEN, farmer, P. 0. Ridgevil'.c, was bom in Casey County,
Ky., in 1829. His parents wire both natives of that county. Mr. Green has
passed the greater portion of his life in the township in which he now resides,
having located here about forty-seven years ago. He was married in 18.5.3, to
Minerva McCracken, a native of Licking County, Ohio, born in 18:13. They
are the parents of eight children, of whom four are now living, viz. : William
H., Frances W., Emily V. B. and Mary R. Mr. Green is engaged at the pur-
suit of farming. He has V.H acres of fine land in Green Township, Section
18. He is a member of the M. P. Church, as is also his wife. In politics, he
is a Democmt. He had four brothers in the Union Army; Jonathan was a
tnember of the Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment ; Granville was in the Thirty-
sixth Indiana Regiment, but was discharged on account of disability. James
enlisted for three years, but died within six months after entering the service,
d the Eighty-fourth Indiana Regiment in 1864, and served until

ARON HARRIS, farmer, P. 0. Fairview, was horn
r Oxfoi'd, Ind. His parents, Samuel and Mary Hart
oved to Montgomery County, Oh

April

i, 182.5,

of Virginio. They

near Dayton, in 1827. There the subjccl'of this sketch received h
In 1848, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Bond, and in 1855, came to Ran-
dolph County, locating upon a tract of heavily timbered land. His farm con-
tains 240 acres, of which area 196 acres have been cleared by himself. His
wedded life has been blessed hy nine children, seven of whom now survive,
viz. : William P., Hiram J., James F., Eveline, John W., Henry F. and Ella J.
.Mr. Harris is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is
highly esteemed as a good citizen. For several years after locating in this
county, he worked at the carpenter's trade, and erected many of the first frame
barns in this locality.

WILLIAM H. HARRISON, Esy., farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born Sep-
tember 20, 184(5, in Greene County, Ohio. His father, Jesse Harri«on, was born
in Ohio, February 13, 1809. His mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth
Flood, was born in Greene County, Ohio, in October, 1808. They came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., in 1847. The father died September 20, 1870. The mother
is still living at Farmland, in this county. On the 14th of December, 18113,
the subject of this sketch enlisted in the Nineteenth Indiana Volunteer Regi-
ment for three years, or during the war. He participated in the batlleM of the
Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg and Five Forks, and through'
to Appomattox. He was married, April V>, 18e9, to Martha A. McCarnish.
They have two children living, Ira C. and Lauretta. Mr. Harrison is now
serving as Justice of the Peace. He is a Republican in politics, and both him-
self and wife are members of the Christian Church.

CHRISTIAN LIFE, farmer, P. 0. Fairview, was bora in Lewis County,
Va., January 8, 1831. He is the son of John and Julia A. Life, the former a
native of Virginia, and the latter of Germany. He came to Randolph County
with his parents in 1837, and grew up amid the hardships of pioneer life. He
was married, in 1867, to Miss Polly A. Tinkle, a native of Heury County, Ind.,
and daughter of Jacob Tinkle, now a resident of Jay County, Ind. They have
sioc children, viz.: Emcline, John, Jacob, Lewis, Julia E. and William B. .Mr.
Life is engaged in farming and stock-raising, and owns 127 acres of good land.
Both himself and wife are members of the United Brethren Church.

JOSEPH H. LORD, farmer, P. 0. Fairview, was born in Connecticut
March 2i), 1821. His parents. Horace and Sarah (Buckland) Lord, were both
natives of Connectiviit, and both died at Winsor, in ll-.at StJite. The subject of
this sketch lived within twelve miles of Hartford until twenty years old. He
then lived in Greene County, Ohio, for six years, after which he came to Ran-
dolph County, Ind., and located in Greene Township. He was married, Dc-
cen;l,3r 30, 1847, to Ellen McClurc, daughter of Samuel and Barbara (Farver)
MoL ure. Her father was born in Augusta County, Va., in 1780, and died in
Rat-- uiph County, Ind., about 1865. Her mother was born in Pennsylvania in
1782, and died in Randolph County, Ind., December .30, 1862. Mr. Lord and
wife have six children, viz. : Charles E., James H., Lydia A., Frank B., Martin
M. and Sarah F. Horace S., died October 24, 18(;2. Mr. Lo;rd is engaged in
agricultural pursuits, having 100 acres of fine land in Section 21. He is a
Republican, and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

AMOS LUDWICK was born in Stony Creek Township, lUndolph Co., Ind,,
October 15, 1834. His father, George Ludwiok, was born in Maryland. His
mother's maiden name was Sarah C. Bowers. She died in 1842, and his father
died about six years later. Mr. Ludwick received a good common school edu-
cation, and gnew up « farmer, -whidh occupation he has ever since followed.
He was married, March 7, 1859, ito Mary E. McNees. They are the parents of
eight children, three of whom are deceased: Flora E., Lindsey L., McNces B.,
Charles E and Myrtle P., are now living. Mr. Ludwick has 106 acres of good
land in Section 6. He is a Republican in politics, and both himself and wife
are members of the Christian Church. Mrs: Ludwick is the daughter of An-
drew and Janef.McEntyre) McNees, the former probably a native of Tennessee,
and the latter .of Ohio. She had three brothers in the; Union army during the
late war— Harvey A., was in the Nineteenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer In-
fantry (three years' service), but was finally discharged on account of disability.
S. A., was in the same regiment. He died from the effeots of wounds received
at the battle of Gainesville, Va. Marshall M., was in the Eighty-fourth Regi-
ment, three years' service, and was wounded on the skirmish line. He con-
tinued in the service until the close of the war. Andrew MotJees, the father
of Mrs. Ludwick, was born January 21, 1818, and Jane McNees mother of
Mrs. L., was born November 22, 1811.

JOHN McCAMlSH, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was bom August 14, 1838.
His father, William McCarnish, was a native of Tennessee, and his mother,
whose maiden name was Margaret Gray, was a native of Virginia. They came
to Randolph County, Ind., about the year 1835. His grandfather was in th«
war of 1812, Mr. Mot^ammish has eighty acres of fine land in Greene Town-
ship, and is engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was married, in 1868, to
Hannah Gantz. Her father was born in Germany, and her mother in New
Jersey. Mr. McCarnish and wife are the parents of two children— William
M. and Adelia F. Mr. and Mrs. McCamish sre members of the M. P.
(Church, and Mr. .McCimish is a Republican in politics.

JESSE B. McKINNEV. stock-raiser, P. 0. Fairview, was born in Clarke
0)unly, Ohio. January 8, 18"2'i. His father, Anthony W. McKinney, was born
in Newport, Ky., and his mother, Elizabeth (Britton) McKinney, was born in
Ohio. In 1837, bis father came to Randolph Ounty, locating in Green Town-
ship. He was a soldier in the war of 1-12. The grandfather of J. B. McKin-
ney was a soldier in the Revolution, and fought at Bunker Hill and Brandy wine.
After the war, he settled in Kentucky, and adopted the vocation of farming.
He owned and operated a ferry-boat across the Ohio River, and it is said he
assisted in "raising" the first log cabin in Cincinnati. He died in Green
Township, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1838. Jesse B. McKinney was reared amid
the scenes of pioneer life, and received his education in a rude log schoolhouse
in this township. He was married, August 10, 1848, to Elizabeth A. Manor.
Her father was born in Berkeley County, Vo., and her mother, Elizabeth (Suvera)
McKinney, was born near Philadelphia, Penn. Her father settled in Jay Co.,
Ind., in 1835. Mr. McKinney and wife have three children now living, viz. :
Mary C, Emma Z. V. and Ella E. Elizabeth Jane died in 1854. During early
life, Mr. McKinney followed theocctipation of farming, then engaged in milling
pursuits for five years, and for six years was in mercantile life. He has since
been extensively engaged in farming anil stock-raising, having 1,600 acres of
fine land in Green Township, and a palatial home. He is enterprising and
public-spirited, as well as liberal, and is universally esteemed.

JAMES G. McPROUD, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born April 30, 1808,
in Rockingham County, Va., and removed to Ross County, Ohio, when but six
years old. He removed to Fayette County, Ohio, in 1837, and from there to
Itandolph County, lad., where he has ever since resided. His father, John,
was horn and reared in Burlington County, N. J. He removed to Virginia,
and married Nancy Read, a native of Delaware. She dijd in Ross County,
Ohio, in 1816. The subject of this sketch married Hannah G. Roberts, in 1827.
She was born in Lycoming County, Penn., September 1, 180G. Her father,
John Roberts, was born in Salem County, N. J., in 1760. The subject of this
sketch received a common school education in Ross County, Ohio. He learned
the blacksmith's trade, but has always been engaged in farming. He has 160
acres of land in Sections 14 and 23. Both himself and wife are members of
the M. E. Church. They have seven children living, viz. ; Josiah R., Lewis W.,
Mary M., Samuel T., Constant B., James G. and Sarah .M. John W., died
October 10, 1878; Esther E.. died February 10, 1864.

MILTON MERANDA, farmer, P. 0. Farmland, was born in Clark County,
Ohio, December 22, 1840. His father, Robert L. Meranda, was born in Bour-
bon County. Ky., October 9, 18(19, but was reared and educated in Clark
(Jounty, Ohio. His mother's maiden name was Mercer C. Davis. She was
born near Yellow Springs, Ohio, in 1814. Both come to Randolph County,
Ind., in 1849, locating in Franklin Townshio, where they remained until death.
Milton, the subject of this biography, enlisted in the Filly.-fifth Indiana Regi-
ment for the three months' service early in the late wor, and re-enlisted in
Company H, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, for one year. He
participated in the battles at Nashville, Wise's Ford and elsewhere. He was
married, on the 1st of October, 1805, to MatildaA. Faust, daughter of Christian
Faust, who was born in Knox County, Tenn. Mr. Meranda and wife are the
parents of six children, viz., William F., Rosanna, James I., Lillian, Peter L.
and Dornlee. He was engaged in farming during the greater part of his life,
but for the past twelve years he has been engaged in milling pursuits, having
an interest in a good saw-mill at Shedville. In politics, he is a Democrat.
Both himself and wife are members of the Christian Church.

LUTHER L. MOORM.VN, farmer, P. 0. Ridgeville, was born March 14,
1844, in White River Township, Randolph Co., Ind., arid has been a resident
of this county ever since. His father, John A. Moorman, was born in North
Carolina. His mother's maiden name was Naqcy Hialt. At the outbreak ol
the rebellion in 1801, the subject of this sketch (then a mere boy) enlisted in
I'ompany C, Nineteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He enlisted on the 6th
of July, 1861, for three year-', but soon after entering the field his health
failed, and he was honorably discharged on the 16tb of the following Decern-

GREEN TOWNSHIP

in recruiting a
red in as First
ny F. He was

ber. Regaining his health, in (he spring of 18tJ2 !
company for the Fifty-fifth [nJiana Regiment, and >
Duly Sergeant of that company, which was known

tendered a Lieutenancy in the Fifty-fourth Regimem, uui lue ()ii:i;;i.riuu= outi«
of his health would not permit him to accept the office. On the 10th of No-
vemher, ISOS, he was married to Amanda McCraoken. Her father, Robert
McCracken, was born in Fayette County, Penn., and her mother, Sarah High-
ambotham, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio. They came to Stony Creek
Township, Randolph Co., Ind., in 1837, and removed lo Green Township in 1867.
Her father died in this township on the 15th of .June, 1872, and in the sixty-
second year of his age, and the mother died in her sixty-third year. By the
first marriage, Mr. Moorman und wife were the parents of four children, two of
whom are now living, viz. : Robert R. and .Jessie. James A. and an infant
are deceased. Mrs. Moorman died March 9, 1874. On the 27th of March,
1S7.5, Mr. Moorman was married lo Elizabeth McCracken, .sister of his first
wife. They have one child— Clyde A. Mr. Moorman was elected Justice of
the Peace, and is now serving his second term as Trustee of Green Township.
Mr. Moorman is a member of the M. P. Church, and his wife is a member of

CLARK UEKD is a citizen of Green Township, and is an enterprising
farmer. He was always very zealous for the promotion of public schools in his
school district, and for the education of his children. He was born in Greene
County, Ohio, October 17, 1828, and resided there till February, 1857, when
he moved to this county. He was educated in the public schools of the city
of "Oldtown," in Greene County, Ohio. This was originally an old Indian
town. The public schools had in those days already advanced considerably.
Mr. Clark Reed was a son of Abner Reed, and his mother's maiden n.ame was
Cynthia Adams. Mr. Abner Reed was born in Northbridge, Worcester Co ,
Mass., September 11, 178:;. His father was a soldier of the Revolution, and
his mother was a daughter of Capt. John Brown, a distinguished soldier of the
English and French war, and for many years a member of the General Court of

tiun. The elder Mr. Reed came West to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1815, and, in
company with his brother Ezra, his wife's brother Amasa Adams, and Thomas
Watson, engaged in the cloak business. In about one year afterward, he re-
turned to his native Slate, and on the 8th day of May, 1810, he married Cyn-
thia Adams at Worcester, Mass. In two weeks afterward, the young couple
started to Greene County, Ohio, and, after being six weeks on the road, ar-
rived there in June. The three former partners then bought a tract of land
together, which afterward became tlie sole jiroperty of Mr. Abner Reed,
where he resided till he died. Mr. Clark Reed was married, October 24, 1852,
to Sarah A. Rrotherton. She was a daughter of John Brothcrton, of Delaware
County, Ind. Five years after this marriagp, Mr. and Mrs. Reed emigrated
West, and located in Green Township, Randolph County, where they h.ave
resided ever since. Tliey have cleared and made the farm they now occupy,
and are familiar with pioneer life. This union has been honored with five
accessions, viz. : John. Walter, Abner, Adolphus, Emma and Mattie. Adolphus
died September 10, 18G1 ; John was married, September 17, 1870, to Lydia
Lortl, daughter of J. H. Lord. They have three children, namely, Orvil, Zulu
and Clark. Abner was married, October fl, 1870, to Sar.ih Holly. They have
one child. The younger Mr. Heeds are all farmers. They have the attributes
of the forefathers' energy and enterprise, integrity and prosperity.

CYRUS A. REED.

This gentleman was the descendant of an old New England family. His
father, Abner Reed, waa born in Massachusetts in 178.5, and afterward re-
moved lo Greene County, Ohio, where Abner Reed was united in ir.arriage
with Miss Cynthi* Adams, who was also a native of Massachusetts, and came
with her parents to Greene County, when seven years old. Six children were
the fruits of this union, of whom Cyrus, the subject of this sketch, was fourth,
lie was born on the 24lh of April, 1824, in Greene County, Ohio, where he
grew to manhood, working on bis father's farm and acquiring proficiency in
the science of farming, which, in later years, he adopted as his vocation,
amassing thereby a comfortable fortune. On the 20th of September, 1850, he
was united in marriage with Miss Sarah H. C. Lawrence, and very soon after-
wa-d, with his young wife, left home and friends to locate in the wilderness of
Indiana, and bear his part in the development of Randolph County.

He located upon a tract of 420 acres of land that had been previously pur-
chased of the Government by his father. Upon this tract no improvements
existed ; it was covered with a heavy growth of timber, and he paw before
him years of hard work. But he was not a man to quail before such a
prospect. He was struggling for a home, and the interest of his loved ones,
and his desire to provide well for them nerved his arm and animated him in
all his protracted struggle with the forest and the hardships incident lo pioneer
life. The future years brought a rich reward for his industry, and a fine farm
was developed by him from the forest in which he first sellled, and a beauti-
ful home took the place of the log cabin, in which he and his devoted wife
enlercd upon their new life in the wilderness. During their struggle in the
forest, and while their fortunes were changing little by lillle for the better,
their lillle home was made more cheerful and happy by the presence of chil-
dren, who came to bless their wedded life. Mary E. was the eldest, then came
Cynthia A,, Alice J., Horace G., Emma F., Annie E. and William L., respect-
ively.

Mr. Reed aci|uired a good common-school education in youth, and builded
upon this by observation and experience in later years, gaining a good store of
general information. His success as a farmer is largely due to ihe enlhusiasm
which he threw into his work, and the exclusiveness with wliich he confined
his attention lo that pursuit, always avoiding spect'

lation for honesty and integrity that was never assailed, and found his way
into the hearts and aflfections of all with whom lie had dealings. On the 21st

SI ill bears so many evidences of his enterprise and taste. His death was an
irreparable loss to his loving family, and a blow to the community in which he
resided. He was a public-spirited man, and took an active part in the public
improvements of his township and the county at large. He was prominent as
an Odd Fellow, and had filled all the offices of the subordinate lodge, and at
the time of his demise was District Deputy Grand Patriarch of the Encamp-
ment. In an obituary notice published by his brethren in the lodge, one who
knew him said : " As a husband and father few, if any, have ever been more
kind and affectionate. He was truly an example of an amiable and confiding,

many." Mr. Reed was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, of which his family are also members.

The homestead is.occupied by his wife, an estimable lady, together with her
children, Emma and lier husband, and Annie E. and William L. Mrs. Reed
is the daughter of John B. Lawrence, who was born in the State of New York,
in 1701, and married Amelia Bickers, who was born in 1800, in the Slate of
Maryland. They were married on the 8th of February, 1810, in Greene
County, Ohio. They had a family of eleven children, five of whom are now liv-
" ■ " C. grew to maturity in Greene County, and at the ageoftwenty-
3 married to Mr. Reed. To a common-school education she
___ plishments of a bright intellect, and the virtues of a noble Chris-
tian lady, and is a favorite with all who know her. Of their children only
Annie and William now remain unmarried. Mary E., the eldest daughter, is
deceased ; Cynthia is married lo J. C. Devoss ; Alice J. to William D. Camp-
bell ; Horace G. to Eliza J. Woolpert, and Emma T. to T. J. Leavell.

GEORGE SITES, farmer, P. O. Fairview, was born in Hardy County. Va.,
December 10, 1804. He is Ihe son of Frederick and Mary (BargdoU) Sites,
both natives of Virginia. His grandfather, Nicodemus Bargdoll, served in the
Revolutionary war. .Mr. Sites settled in Greene County, Ohio, in 18:)2, and
came to Randolph County, Ind., in 18:17, locating in Green Township. Hr
was married, June 5, 1S:!2, to Su.sanna Ketteman " " "' '' "'^

have had eleven children, six of whom are now living, viz. : Annie .M. K.
Mary S., Rhoda, Lvdia A., Sylvester D. and Isaac A. Mrs. Sites is the daugli
ter of Jacob and Annie M. Ketteman. Mr. Sites is o successful fa
ha,s 240 acres of fine land in Section 15. Or

They

^nd

n Refori

all

■^niy ;

with 1

fellov

and

._. . . I, Xovember 4,1811.

His father was Samuel Barrack Webb. He was born in one of the Eastern
Colonies in 1758, and died in Ohio, in 1845, at the advanced age of eighty-
seven years. His mother's maiden name was Mary Bull. She was born in
1775, and died in 1847, at the age of seventy-two years. His father was born
during the French and Indian war, while the French and English nations were
contending in a fierce struggle for supremacy upon the Western Continent,
and there is a tradition lo the effect that the father of Samuel B. Webb, or Ihe
great-grandfather of the present generation of Webbs, served in that war.
Samuel B. Webb left his home before he was seventeen years old lo enter Ihe
Revolutionary army. He served through the war, and received an honorable
discbarge. He took part in some of the principal battles of the Revolution ;
participated in the siege of Yorktown, and witnessed the surrender of Corn-
wallis. He served again in the war of 1812. He belonged to the Army of the
Center, and was with Gen. Pike, at Toronto, when the British magazine ex-
ploded, resulting in Ihe death of that brave officer. He wa-s at the storming
of Fort George, and occompanied Ihe army on its second invasion of Canada.
At the close of Ihe war he was honorably discharged. Asaph B. Webb was
reared in his native county in Ohio. He leceived a good education, mainly by
his own unaided exertions, and by Ihe light of the hickory hark torch. Many
a night did he study until near midnight, lying flat upon his back, with his
head toward the fire, holding his slate and arithmetic so the torch-light could
fall upon them, and shielding his head from the heat of Ihe fire by a board.
Thus did he become one of the best mathematicians of Ihe common schools. He
removed to Jay County, Ind., in 1840, and lo Emmetlsville, Randolph County,
in 1851. He was a prominent country school teacher until near the meridian
of life, and was also engaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits. lie
served three terms as Justice of the Peace, and one term as Trustee of Green
Township. He married his first wife, Margaret Rook, August 20, 18.!7. Her
parents were Samuel and Eleanor Rook. By the first marriage, Mr. Webb
and wife had seven children — three sons and four daughters. .Mary Eleanor
was born .May 20, 18S8. She married William Williamson, and now resides
at Chester, Wayne Co., Ind. Samuel Harrison was horn February 28, 1840.
In 1801, he enlisted in Company G, Eighth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, three
months' service, but before his term had expired he became a veteran by re-en-
listing in the three years' service. While in Ihe three months' service, he loi.l;
part in the battle of Rich Mountain and minor engagements. He was afler-
ward with Gen. Curtis during his campaign in Missouri and Arkansas, and was
wounded at the battle of Pea Ridge. Ark. He was with Gen. Grant during
bis Mississippi campaign, and participated in Ihe battle and siege of Jackson,
Ihe battles of Port Gikson, Champion Hills and Black River Bridge, and Ihe
siege of Vicksburg. At Vicksburg he distinguished himself in Ihe terrible
assault made upon the fortifications. At one time he seized the old flag when
it was falling from the nerveless grasp of its third bearer, and carried it at
the head of the column to the very walls of the fort. He was with Gen.
.Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, during Ihe campaign that resulted in iho
disorganization of Early's army. But he sacrificed his life on his country's
altar in the final struggle at Cedar Creek, lie lived long enough to know that
the victory had been gaincl by the Union arms. He died October 22, 1864,
aged twenty-four years seven months and twenty-four days. Thomas J. was born
June 3, 1843. In 1802, he enlisted in ihe Sixly-ninlh Indiana Infantry, and fell
in his first battle, Richmond, Ky., August 29, 1862, aged nineteen years two

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

months and twenty-six days. Malinda N. was bom January U, 1845 ; Isabella
was born November 14, 1840, and died August 10, 1847. William W. was
born July 23, 1848, and died July 23, 1849; Margaret, wife of Mr. Webb,
died May 18, 1849, in the thirty-fourth year of her age. On the 1st of Janu-
ary, 1850, Mr. Webb was married to Phebe R. Kelley. She was born in South-
ern Ohio October 20, 1819. «he is the daughter of Jason and Phebe R.
Havens. Her mother's maiden name was Harris. The children by the second
marriage are as follows : Lycurgus H., born November 19, 18-50. died August
27, 1862; A. Benton, born March 17, 1852, a school teacher by profession.

lie is at present located at Washington, W.iyne Co., Ind. He married Lucy
L. Conn, March 2.i, 1882; Prudence was born November 14, 1854, and died
October 3, 1855 ; Laura R. was born March 22, 1850. She married .John V.
Thornburg, and now resides near the old home. Luoetta D. was born Novem-
ber :i, 1857, she married Henry Bickncr and resides at Uidgeville; Lola was
bom September 29, 180O. She is a successful school teacher and is at present
loc-ited at Emmettsville. She was married to Frank R. Thornburg, October 30,
1881. Mr. Webb, the subject of this memoir, died December 20, 1872, aged
sixty-one years. His widow married Jacob Rook, January 19 1880.

MONROE TOWNSHIP.

For years the settlements seemed to find White River an im-
passable barrier. For half a generation after settlers had be-
gun to pour into the southern half of the White River Valley,
scarce a solitary pioneer had ventured across the stream into
that uncouth wilderness. In fact the first entry within the
bounds of Monroe Township was not made until seventeen years
had passed away aft^r the first entry in the valley of White River.
The entries, even at that time, throughout that region, were few
and scant enough, as given below:

John Rody, S. E S. E. 17, 20, 12, 40, April 10. 183:5; Jere-
miah B. Reed, N. E. S. E. 34, 21, 12. 40, October 21, 1833;
Philip Baughn, W. S. E. 20, 21, 12, 80, June 10, 1834; Mor-
gan Mills, S. E. S. E. 8, 20, 12, 40, October 2, 1834; Bernard
Kerr,W. N. AV. 35, 21. 12, 80, August 5, 1834: Joseph Smith,
N. W. S. W. 2, 20, 12, 40, Junuai-y 22, 1835; Henry Rash. N.
E. S. E. 17, 20, 12, 40, March 23, 1835; Abraham Gai-st, S. E.
14, 20, 12,80, June 17, 1835. Monroe wtis mostly taken between
1835 and 1838 inclusive, chietiy during the years 1836 and
1837. Two entries, fort\' acres each (as above), were made in
the 1833, three in 1834 and three in 1835 to June 17. Eight
entries, embracing 440 acres — five forties and three eighties —
comprise all the entries up ti.i June 17. 1835, throughout the
entire extent of Monroe Townshiji. It may be intere.'-.ting to
know where these eight pioneer entries were: John Rody. one
mile south of Morristown. forty acres; Jeremiah B. Reed, on
West Branch of Elkhorn. five miles northwe.st of Farmland,
forty acres; Philip Baughn, on same branch of Elkhorn. one
and a half miles below Reed's, eighty acres; Morgan Jlills, one-
half mile north of Morristown, forty acres: Bernard Kerr, on
Elkhorn, right below Reed's, eighty acres; Joseph Smith, at the
IMothodist Episcopal Church, on AVest Branch of Elkhorn, above
Reed's, forty acres: Henry Rash, just south of Morristown,
forty acres; Abraham Garst, one mile southwast of Farmland,
and one and a half miles northea.st of the month of Cabin Creek,
eighty acre.s. Three of them were near Morristown — one north
and two south of it. Four were above the West Branch of Elk-
horn to its junction with the East Branch. One was southwest
of Farmland. About that time it would seem that several had
come in. perhaps selecting their claims and settling previous to
making entries of their land. From one who came in in 1835,
we obtain the following statement of settlers living in the region
in 1835: Jeremiah B. Reed, near Rehoboth Meoting-House;
James Howry, north of Rehoboth; Mr. Carr, north of Rehoboth,
on the Isaac Thornburg place; Samuel Smith, on the Adams
farm, north of Rehoboth; Philip Booker, across from Abram
Hammer's; Isaac Gairinger, on the State roiid, north and south;
Jonathan Flood, in 183(5, near Hopewell Church, a Prott>stant
Methodist minister; John F. Wood, William Wood, in north-
west corner of township: Moses Marks, north of Parker; John
Baughn, in the edge of Delaware County, who was married twice,
and has had twenty-six children — sevont<'en by his first wife and
nine by the second — and is still living, seventy-three years old;
John B. Mills, north of Shiloh, date not known; Andrew (^ort-
ner, west of Shiloh, date not given. Other settlers on Elkhorn,
northwest of li'annland were: Messrs. Hammer, Booker, Adams,
Qarringer, MoCarney, Peter Hester, etc., etc. Eli Hiatt came in

and settled one-half mile south of Farmland in 1830. Isaac
Garringer "planted his stakes" on Elkhorn, three miles north-
west of Farmland, about the same time. Peter Hester came on
Bush Creek in 1S30, perhaps the first on Bush Creek. Mr. Bow-
era bought out Mr. Hester soon after. On Elkhorn, in 1836 (or
thereabout), were Jonathan Reeples, Jeremiah Reed, Abraham
Hammer, Joseph Smith (where Harrison Morris now lives), Mr.
Carr (where Isaac Thornbiug now resides). Philip Booker came
on Bush Creek about the same time that Peter Hester did.
Henry Adams settled near Abraham Hmnmer's in 1835. Alfred
McCarney, one and a half miles north of Hammer's, 1835; Jacob
Wright, one-half mile south, 1835; Jacob Windermaker, one-
half mile north of Rehoboth. John Craig came in 1845; re-
sides now at Reholxjth. Joseph Howrey, east of Rehoboth; Jo-
seph Smith, an old man, south of Rehoboth; James Wood, Mr.
Sawyer and William Wood, northwest part of the township; Pe-
ter Hester, William Vineyard, William Paxson, Henry Saley,
Mr. Ovorhulser, William Gray and Eli Jamagin (the last throe in
Green Township). In fact, Green Township was settled before
Monroe, (»40 acres being settled in 1832. in six entries; thirteen
entries made in 1833, comprising 5120 acres; seven entries made
in 1834, including 6lK) acres; and eight euti'ies in 1835, cover-
ing some 400 acres — or thirty-four entries in all, with about 2,-
500 acres; or, in both townships, forty-two entries, with 3,000
acres. And of the whole number, only five contained 1(50 acres,
and they were all in Green Township; twenty-two were forty
acres each, and fifteen were eighty acres each.

Monroe Township lies between AVhite and Mississiuewa Riv-
ers. except a slight fraction of the extreme southeast corner,
which is south of Wliite River. Most of tlie township slopes
toward the Mississinowa, u|)on the headwaters of Elkhorn, Bush
and Cam[>l)ell Creeks, affluents of that river. Bush Creek is in
the northeast. Elkhorn in the north and Campbell in the north-
west. The township has Green Townshij) on the north, Frank-
lin and White River on the east. White River and Stony Creek
on the south, and Delaware County on the west. It lies in
Townships 20 and 21 north, Ranges 12 and 13 east, with sec-
tions as given below:

To\N-n8hip 20, Range 12— Sections (whole or part) 1 to 5. 8
to 17 inclusive.

Township 21. Range 12 — Sections (whole or part) 25 to 29,
32 to 36.

Township 20. Range 13 -Sections 5, 6, 7. 8, 17, 18.

Townshi]) 21, Range 13— Sections (whole or part) 29, 30, 31, 32.

Monroe contains twenty-foiu: sections and eleven parts of sec-
tions, being four and a half miles from north to south, and six
and five-eighths miles east and west, embracing about 19,0(X)
acres. The greater part lies in the Mississiuewa Valley, only
one mile wide at the southern part, draining to White River,
and even that has scarcely any streams — only Big Run on the
east side of the township, and Phillips' Run in the extreme west,
being large enough to find a place on the county map.

The Mississinewa Valley seems well occupied by streams.
Campbell Creek, Mud Creek, Bush Creek, Elkhorn (with several
branches) and some others draining and watering the northern
part of the township.

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MONROP] TOWNSHIP.

The township, like much of the county, in level, or moder-
ately roUing.oomprisin;^ a fine body of land, which, though late
in settlement from difiSoulty of access, has richly rewarded its
hardv and enterprising settlers. The surface was originally
covered with a heavy growth of timber of the kinds common in
the region, much of which still remains, to furnish, in these
latter days of increased demand and improved market facilities,
a rich source of wealth to the present owners of the farms lo-
cated in the township. The experience of the early settlers has
lioen akin to that of those who braved the hardships and the per-
ils of the earlier settled portioQs of the county, with the excep-
tion, in fact, that no Indians wore found roaming the wilds at
this later period. The native occupants had left the region long
years before, and only wild animals remained in the tangled
woods to give activity and sustenance, and pleasure and sport as
well, to the wide-awake men and boys who first penetrated that
backwoods region and made their homes within its bounds. The
condition of that country was, indeed, for many years, primitive
enough. The soil, in truth, was fertile, and abandant crops re-
warded the puorgetic settlers; but the facilities of transportation
were but meager, and the inhabitants had to be contented with
what they could themselves produoe. and but a scanty supply of
" foreign " luxuries.

The " Beo-Line " Railroad, the pioneer road of the region,
and almost of the State, has done wonders for this section; and
the steady growth of the two towns. Farmland and Morristown.
has raised up for the region a good and substantial market for
the surplus products of the farm, and furnished the residents
with ready means of obtaining all needful supplies of commodi-
ties from abroad. Within a few years past, the construction of
pikes has been entered upon, and the next ten years will doubt-
less witness a grand transformation in this respect, by which
time it is to be hoped the traditional " dirt road," with its
fathomless seas of mud, wi'l have come to be a thing of the
,>ast.

As to intellectual anrl moral improvement, this region was on
a par with the rest of the county. Log churches and private
cabins furnished the pioneer preachers the opportunity of ex
pounding the words of life to the assemblies of that early day,
and the " greased paper " sohoolhonse.s. with spilt-pole benches,
puncheon desks and floors, and wide-mouthed, back-wall chim-
neys, opened their doors to receive the urchins from the rude
cabins of " auld lang syne," which said urchin, now grown up
into active life, are the stirring men and the loving women of the
busy, bustling, present day. All over that townhip, as else-
where, throughout the county, are now found the neat frame or
brick churches, the successors of the log meeting-huusesot forty-
five and forty years ago, in which the early settlers worshiped
the " God of their fathers," not less acceptably, indeed, in their
deerskin hunting-shirts and their homespuu clothing, and with
their bare feet or their moccasins, than do their more stylish, but
not more sincere and loving children and grand-children of the
modern tiijie.

The first school in the southwest part of Monroe is men-
tioned in the account of Thomas Wallace. In the northwest part
of the township, on Campbell Creek. Jacob Jones came in 1S8S,
three miles north of Parker. At that time. James and William
Wood and George Burkett had already settled in the same re-
gion, coming in 183(i.

The first school in that region was in Delaware County, in
1S39, one and a half miles west of Mr. Jones'. The first school
in that neighborhood in Handolph was taught by old Mr. Flood,
a brother to Rev. Jonathan Flood.

The first meeting-house in the neighborhood was in Delaware
County, built in 1S41; but there was a log house used for meet-
ings before that, and the first Sabbath school was held in the
log house, Jacob Jones being Superintendent thea, and also after
the new house was built. The society is there still, and the
house, too. The church is strong and vigorous, with many
m:>mb[jr3. A large^cemeteryis iu conneoUou with the meeting-
house. The first parson buried there was an old mnn. a soldier
of 1SI2, by the name of Lewallvn. in 18-11. Amos Meoks came
in 1839, and died in 187G.

Township 2(». Range 12— Sections 1, 2. 3, 4, 5. 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, It), 17, mostly school land for Bloomington Uni-
versity. Section S, entered 1838-50. Section 9. entered Feb-
ruary 18, 1856, by James Harris. Section 17, entered 1850, by
Thomas W. Reece.

Township 20. Range 13— Sections 5, 0, school laud; Section
7, 1836-41; Sections 8, 18, 1830-37; Section 17, 1833-38.

Township 21, Range 13— Sections 28, 29, 32, in 1836; :
Sections 25, 26, 27, 33, 34, 36, in 1836-37; Section 30, 1834-
37; Sections 29, 31, 1836-37; Section 32, 1836-39.

The entries in Monroe were made between 1833 and 1850
inclusive.

MORRISTOWK, PAEKEB POST OFFICE.

Location, Sections 16 and 17, 20. 12, in the western part of
Monroe Township, near Delaware County line, on the Bee-Line
Railroad. William E. Harris, Joseph. Lewis, Allen W. Lewis,
proprietors. T. C. Packett, surveyor. Recorded November 15,
1851. Eighty lots. Streets —Franklin, Main, Fulton, north <
and south; Howard, Railroad, Washington, east and west. Lots
eight rods by four rods. Streets four rods wide, except Rail-
road street, 104 feet, and Fulton street (at the edge of the town)
two rods wide.

Morristown (Joha Jones' Addition) — John Jones, proprietor.
Eight lots. Recorded April 2, 1857. Location, upon the Bee-
Line Railroad, west of Farmland. Distances — Arba, thirty
miles; Bloomingsport, twenty-five and a half miles; Lynn,
1 twenty-three and three- fourths miles; Ridgeville, sixteen miles;
Farmland, four and a half miles: Fairview, eight miles; Wind-
! sor, two and a half miles: Losantsville, twelve miles; Winches-
j ter, thirteen miles; Huntsville, fifteen miles; Union City,
I twenty-two and a half miles; Deerfiehl, eighteen miles.
I Morristown seems to have been laid out some months before
Farmland was, November 15, 1851, and Farmland July 28, 1852.
I Nevertheless, the younger town has outstripped her elder sister. :
I The tirst store in Morristown was owned bv Andrew Devoss
i and Milt(m Harris.
! The first smith shop was by Joseph Thornburg.

The first shoemaker was Peter Deal, in 1854. and he works at
the trade there yet.

The first cabinet shop was opened by William Fleming in
1854.

The first saw-mill was by W. AV. Jones, in 1853 or 1854.

The merchants have been Devoss & Harris, Thomas Aker &
Harvey Harris, Thomas Lewis, Brown & Meoks, James Russell,
Mr. Lake Andrpws, Joshua Rector, Thomas Johnson. Thorn-
burg & Gunkel, Dotson, Devoss, Dotson & Devoss, Daugherty,
Daughorty & Scott, Scott, Brown. Dotson, N. C. Simmons, J.
H, Byrd,"etc.

Blacksmiths— Thornburg, Knapp, Hem-v Kuapp, Errick,
Friddle.

Cabinet shops — Fleming, Sutton.

Pump-maker — Thomas Aker. .

Drug stores — Edward Reece and Noah Baslev, during the
war: Chriss & Petty, Baughn & Potty, Petty, Petty & Friddle,
Shaw & Williamson. Fertich, Wood & Rynard.

Shoe shops- -Me.ssrs. Deal. Gwynn (the latter in 1877).

Wagon repair shop — B. F. Dragoo. sot up 1875.

Meat shop— B. F. Dragoo, summer of 1881.

The first physician was Martin Connor, in 1854. The phys-
icians have been Messrs. Connor, Marion, Gench, Orr, Rogers.

Postmasters have been Devoss, Davison, King, Deal, Dotson, :
Hinchman.

Railroad agents have been Devoss, Davison, Russell, Lake, .
Rector, Hinchman. ' .

Grain-dealers have been Dpvoss & Harris. Jacobs, Thorn- ,;
burg, Brotherton, Jacobs & Barger, Lumpkin & Liiisay, Dotson,
Daugherty, S'!ott & Meeks, Hinchman & Bowersox.

At one time there were two saw -mills — one for two years, by
G. E. Willson. There has been at least one saw-mill all the
time.

There has been a grist-mill for several years, operated by var-

506

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

ious parties— Daugherty & Howard, Howard & Huston, Howard
& Brother, A. Shaw & Company. Tho mill is now run by J. H.
Bowersox. The propelling jwwer is uteam.

Parker is a small but, somewhat energetic place, injured
somewhat by being so close to Farmland on the east and Selma
on the west. However, it holds a share of the business. There
are three religious societies — Methodist, Christian and Friends.

Hotel keepers have been John Jones, John King, Andrew
Knapp, Friddle; Brown, Hinchman.

Martin Phillips keeps a barber shop.

There may be other places of business not here mentioned.

The name of the post office is Parker.

Location, Section 13, 20, 12, and Section 18, 20, 13, on Bee-
Line Railroad, west of Winchester, one mile north of White
Kiver, in Monroe Townsliip. Recorded July 28, 1852. Henry
D. Huffman, William Macy, proprietors. One hundred and fifty-
two lots. Streets— Mulberry, Main, Plum, north and south:
William, Railroad, Henry, east and west.

Peter S. Miller's Addition -Ten lots. Peter S. Miller, pro-
prietor. Recorded October 2U, 1870.

Macy & Groom's Addition— David Macy, Robert H. Grooms,
jiroprietors. Grooms, five lots, south; Macy, t-ight lots, east.
Location, south and east of Farmland. Recorded Jan. 24, 1802.

The first store was owned by Jonatlian and Aaron Macy,
standing where Stanley's store now is. Jonathan Macy is dead,
and Aaron Macy resides at Earlhaiu, Iowa.

Wesley Keener built a house and sold it to Miller & Ford,
who kept a store in it for many years. Miller is dead, and Ford

J. Macy & Sons had a tin shop in 1855, which has continued
ever since, being now owned by David Macy. Another tin slio))
was staj-ted in 1851, by Lndwic. Jonathan Macy started also a
smith shop, hiring hands to run it.

Tho first hotel was in 1858, by Price Thomas, but it soon ran
through.

Jonathan Macy sold his dwelling house for a hot*l. The
proprietor kept a good house. His wife was a good manager,
and'he let her control the business, which was indeed a sensible

Macy sold his store to Joel Thornbiu-g, who, for a time, car-
ried on a large business.

Stanley & Robbinstook the place next. Stanley bought out
Robbins, and is there now.

The first grain-buyers wore Miller & Ford and Macy & Sons
The latter <)uit. but 'Miller & Ford kept on. Stanley Robbins
also undertook the business. Before the war, Thornburg & Bur-
ris bought grain for three or fom- years, and quit.

James S. Davis began in about 1871, and continues still.

Jonathan Macy began a hardware store in 1807, continuing
four years. He sold out to Siiaw & Johnson In two years,
Shaw bought Johnson out, and sold an interest to Wood, and in
two years more, Shaw sold his share to IMarks, and tho estab-
lishment is Wood & Marks.

Mr. Barker set up a harness shop about 1870. and has kept
on to tho present time.

George Watson has owned a grocery in Farmland for twenty
years.

The first physician was Dr. Keener, in 1850. Since then
have been Pleasant Hunt. Dr. Davis, Dr. Smith, Dr. Rogei-s,
[moved to ^lorristown |. Dr. Keener is there still.

Mrs. Jlooro ))egan a millinery store in 1809, which has grad-
ually been enhu'ged into a general dry goods store.

Business at present may be descril)od as follows:

Stores, two — J. S. Davis. Stanley & Harbour.

Groceries, two — George Watson, extensive, twenty years
(James Bates, keeps dry goods also).

Jewelry— Watson keeps it with his grocery business.

Silversmith- Davison.

Smith shops, two— William AV'illson, Audnnv Loverton.

Agricultural implements — Extensive establishment, kept
by W. B. Carter.

Livery stable — Kept by Smith.

Mills — One grist-mill was burned, and another has been set
up by Stanley & Harbour. Sawmill, one was owned by J. E.
Willson. It has been removed, but there is one half a mile
north.

There is no lumber-dealer.

Grain dealers are James S. Davis, for ten years; Stanley &
Harbour, began in 1878: Thornburg & Sable, 1880.

Stove store— Grimes, two years.

Hardware — Wood & Marks.

Millinei-y — Mrs. Moore, also dry goods store.

Harness shop — Barker.

Hotels — Watson Hoase, Taylor House.

Barber shops — "Bob" Fletcher (colored), had a shop for
many years; he became dissipated, got into the " calaboose," and
" cleared out." Mr. Spiliars (white) has had a shop for two

Stock-traders — George Robbins, Elias Holliday, both deal-
er, in hogs, cattle, sheep; James Hewitt, etc.

Physicians — [See statement as to doctors].

Attorneys — J. A, ^Moorman, L. C. Devoss.

Tailor shop— J. Mayer.

Meat market— John Grooms.

Shoe-makers— Ken Mull, John Mull.

Shoe store — J. H. Stinson.

Carpentfii-s — David & J. P. Wasson, Samuel Wright.

Clergymen — John A. Moorman. Methodist Episcopal ; Charles

Bacon. Methodist Episcopal; Benjamin Morris, Eriend;

Wright, Friend; Samul McNees, Christian.

Undertakers — N. L. Oren, Nathan Gray.

Postmasttir— George Watson.

Railroad agent— A. Williams.

Furniture— N. E. Gray.

Dentist — J. J. Protlow.

Druggists— L. A. Gable. Rolibins & Meredith.

Tin shop — David Macy.

Distances — Morristown, four and a half miles; Fairview,
ten and four-fifths miles; Ridgoville. twelve miles; Winchester,
nine miles; Union City, twenty miles; Spartansburg, twenty- one
miles; Lynn, nineteen and a half miles; Windsor, five and four-
fifths miles; Huutsville, eleven miles; Bloomingsport, eighteen
miles; Losautsville, thirteen and a half miles; Ai'ba, twenty-six
miles; Pittsburg, twenty-two miles; Deerfield, fourteen miles.

Fannland was organized as a town in 1807, with five wards,
and officers as follows: Trustees. Pleasant Hunt, C. H Stanley,
J. A. Henning, Aaron Shaw. L. W. Jouls; Assessor and Marshal,
Lynn Thornburg; Clerk and Treasurer, S. T. Botkin. Ordi-
nances adopted July 9, 18()7. Liciuor license fixed at from §50
to $100, and shows from $2 to $8, July 15, 1807. Racing in
streets was fined from §3 to $10. Tearing down notices, etc.,
$\ to S3, May 18, 1863. Pitching horseshoes forbidden; pen-
alty, $1 to $5. September. 18G9, show license raised to $10.

Since that time, tho officers have been as follows:

Trustees— First Ward, Pleasant Hunt, W. S. Robbins, C. S.
Moore, S. T. Foster, J. H B. McNees, D. Jones, S. C. Grimes;
Second Ward, C. H. Stanley, S. S. French, H. A. Bond, G. W.
Hester, John W. Ralston, J. H. Stinson, M. W. Diggs, J. T.
Walling, D. C Harbour; Third Ward, J. A. Henning, C. H.
Stanley, J. C. Bates, W. W. Willson, G. B. Watson. W. B.
Huff, Fourth Ward (change made to three wards in 1879), Aaron
Shaw, A. Mclntyre, Thomas Helm, \V. J. Davison; Fifth AVard,
L. W. Jones, L. A. Gable, George O. Jobes, J. S. Davis, W. B.
Carter. E. T. Spence.

Assessors — Lynn Thornburg, G. B. Watson, H. G. N. How-
ard, J. W. Macy, M. W. Diggs, W W. Wertz, George Spiliars.

Marshals (as Assessors) —Jetliro Macy, D. Jones.

Clerks- S. T. Botkin. A. B. Barnett.'s. Barnum, E. R. Rob
bins.

Treasurers (as Clerks) and M. Vi' . Diggs.

Present officers— Trustees, S. C. Grimes, D. C. Harboiu-, W.
B. Huff; Marshal, D. Jones; Treasurer. M. W. Diggs; Clerk,
E. R. Robbins.

Until the commencement of the Bee-Lino Railroad, but little

MONROE TOWNSHIP.

507

improvement had beea made north of White River. The great
route of travel from Winchester westward had for more than
thirty rears extended along the south side of the River. Windsor,
Maxvillo. Winchester, wore all on that side, and there seemed no
prospect and no hope for the north side. But the laying of the
route of the railroad throiigh the wilderness on the north side of
White River changed the whole aspect of things; and the land-
owners were quick to reap their advantages therefi-om. Three
towns were laid out on the route of the railroad in that region —
Morristown, Farmland and Royston. The latter was just one
mile east of F.irmland, and the success of Farmland was of
course the doom of Royston. Royston never saw the light.
Morristown has grown somewhat, but Farmland has risen to the
dignity of a flourishing and important local center, being now,
after Union City and Winchester, and perhaps Ridgevillo, the
largest town in Randolph County, and one of the four places in
the county whose future seems to bo assured, the fourth being
Ridgeville. Ridgeville, in fact, has apparently greater advan-
tages of situation than Farmland. The elements of a town
would seem to have existed at the former location from the tirst.
A good mill site, the head of navigation on the Mississinewa,
and of trade and commerce for that region; while Farmland was
in the vast wilderness, on the wrong side of White River, and
absolutely nothing to show for itself; yet Ridgeville lay there,
helpless and hopeless. And it was not until two railroads had
stretched their iron tracks across her site that she seemed to
awake to the possibilities of the situation, and that she appeared
to think it worth while to try to be something in the world.
Whether she will be able to make up in the future for her negli-
gence in the past, time alone Cim tell.

Location, S. E. S. W. 17, 20, 18. one mile east of Farmland,
on Bee-Lino. Recorded September 27, 1851. Elisha Doty, pi'o-
priotor. T. C. Puckett, surveyor. Thirty three lots. Town
extinct.

The history of Royston has not been vn:itten by another,
neither do wo write it. If it ever had a life and activity of its
own, they have been lost — lost — lost. And it is well; for two
towns so near as Royston and Farmland could not dwell in the
same land in peace. So Royston, timid little sister, has gath-
ered up her skirts and left.

It is somewhat remarkable that, of the three projected rail-
road towns within the bounds of Monroe Township, the earliest
should be totally extinct, having had, perhaps, never any more
than a paper existence, and the youngest of the three should be
the one that has come to be the " Queen of the Isles" and mis-
tress of the situation. But, as often heretofore, so now the
Scriptiu-e is fultilled, "the last shall be tirst," and we might
add, as in this case it appears, the tirst shall be — nowhere.

William Broderick came to Randolph County in 1853, hav-
ing been born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1809. Ho married
Mary Duugan in 1836, who was born in 1814. They have had
ten children — three grown and two married. He resides some
two miles north of Fai-mland, Monroe Township. H(> is a pro-
fessing Christian, and a member of the Republican party. He
has been all his life a farmer, and, though not rich in this world's
goods he is rich in those nobler and better treasures — a clear
reputation, a steadfast character, the cousciousness of duty done,
and an unfailing hope and assurance of a treasure in the skies.

Jacob Driver (brother-in-law of Morgan Mills) was born in
Butler County, Ohio, in 1806; married Margaret McNees in
1825; came to White River in 1821 (with his father, John Dri-
ver, who came in that year, and died in 1821, his wife also dy-
ing in the same year). Jacob Driver settled first on the " Old
Purchase," but in 1834 he entered eighty acres in the " New
Purcha.se," and settled upon that. He had twelve cluldreu —
eight now living, and six married. His wife died in 1869. He
has belonged to the Christian [New-Light] Church forty years.
Ho is a Republican in politics. Indeed, in Monroe Township,
to state the thing is scarcely necessary, since Democrats in that

locality are very rare. A few years ago, at one election, only a
single Democrat voted in the Farmland Precinct. In other
townships in the county the balance has been some of the time
almost as strongly the other way.

James Driver was born in 1796, in Butler County, Ohio. Ho
came to Randolph County, Ind.. in 1821; married Sarah Rudy:
had eight children, and died in 1870, seventy-foui- years old.
His wife died in 1878. He^ emigrated to Missouri, and to Min-
nesota, and, after awhile, returned to Indiana. His widow died
in Illinois, on her way to Indiana.

Elias F. Halliday, Farmland, was born in New Jersey in
1824. He came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1832; married Jano
Ringo in 1836; moved to Randolph in 1851; resides in Farm-
land, and has five children. He was a merchant fi'ora 1851 to
1801; was County Treasurer from 1861 to 1865, and County
Commissioner fi-om 1870 to 1882. He has been a farmer, stock-
trader, merchant, etc. He has for thirty years been a member
of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics, he is a sterling
Republican, as are also all of his relatives. Mr. H(3lliday is a
worthy citizen, respected and confided in by all who know him.

Joseph Hewitt, Farmland (mentioned also in Stony Creek),
was born in Ross County. Ohio, in 1S08. His father, William
Hewitt, came from Ireland in 1784, having been born in 1 767.
William Hewitt came with two of his uncles, one of whom lived
to the age of one hundred and ten and the other to one hmuh'ed
and fifteen years. Ho died in 1850, eighty-four years old. Jo-
seph Hewitt married Sarah Putman in 1830, and came to Ran-
dolph County, near Neff Post OflSce, in 1841. They had ten
children, aU grown and married, and nine are living yet. Jo-
seph Hewitt has been a farmer all his life, as also a heavy stock-
dealer. He has owned 250 head of hogs at one time, and I'l )l >
head of cattle. For years he was the only trader in the region,
being perhaps the first, or nearly so. It was a troublesome and
difficult task, in those rugged times, to handle cattle and swine,
<lriveu, through mud and snow, and sleet and floods, to the dis-
tant markets— to Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, and even to Philadel-
phia and Baltimore, and sometimes to New York and Boston.
To follow the stock business then required energy and " grit " in
a high degree Joseph Hewitt has been a man highly esteemed,
very useful and greatly beloved, often chosen arbitrator; active
in religion, and in every good thing. He joined the Methodist
Church forty years ago, and belongs to it still. He now resides
at Farmland, enjoying a pleasant and vigorous old age. and still
engaged in active employment. In his earlier years, ho was a
Jackson Democrat, bat wont with the Republican party, and
clings to that organization still.

Abram Hammer was born in Pennsylvania in 1817; came to
Licking County, Ohio, in 1828, and to Randolph County. Lid. ,
in 1838. He man-ied Nancy Harbour (daughter of Rev. Elijah
Harbour, of Green Township) in 1839. They have had five chil-
dren, all living and four married. He settled on land entered
by his father, and now owns 200 acres, being prominent ainong
the farmers of the township. He is a member of the Uniteil
Brethren Church, and in politics a Republican. His wife is a
Methodist, as was her worthy father before her. Mi. Hammer
has a fine, comfortable residence, with substantial improvements,
and has reason to thank a kind Providence for the blessing vouch-
safed upon his energetic labors, and for his success in causing
" the wilderness to bud and blossom like the rose. "

Eli Hiatt was born near Chiliicothe, Ohio, in 1801: was
raised in Highland County, Ohio, till ten years old, and then in
Clinton County, Ohio. He came upon Greensfork, two miles
west of Lynn, near Cherry Grove, in 1825: changed to Sj)arrow
Creek in 1829, owning there 134 acres of land: moved south of
Farmland in 1837, and west of New Dayton in 1863. His wife
died thirty- three years ago, and he has lived a widower ever
since. They had eight children; seven are living, and all the
seven are man-ied. His mother died when he 'was a babe, and
he was raised by his grandfather, Dan Bales, who came to Ran-
dolph County in 1820, and entered land in the region. Settlers
at that time were (in Cherry Grove) Joseph Thornburg (came
jierhaps in 1815 or 1816), Jacob Bales (came perhaps in 1815 or
1816), Curtis Bales (came perhaps in 1815 or 1816). Stephen

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Hoolietf f auio before the above. Fanl Beard and Ji'sso Johnson
liv«l near Lynn. Eli Hiatt dipd in the fall of ISSO, aged
seveaty-Dine years. He was a Friend and a Republican.

Aaron Macy, Fannland, ia tho son of Jonathan Many; was
born in Henry" County, Ind., in 1829; removed to Fnrnd'and in
l.sri2. and has three children.

DnA id Macy, Farmland, was liom on liost Creek, Tennessee,
in IXlti; married rriscilla Lnellen in 1S3fi; moved to Fannland
in ISf.O; has had ten children, one of them beinfj "Chet" (John
^Villeliesll_■r) Macy, Clerk of Randolph Circuit C'omt He has
been for years, and still is. a business man in Fannland; is a
^tanl•h Friend, a stei-lini;- Itepubliean, and a worthy and estima-
lile tifizcu.

Jediro Jlacy, Farmland, was born in Henry County, Ind.,
ill IS'.Ti, and now residrs in Farmland. He has been married
four times — Rebecca Allen. Rachel Allen, Abif];ail Macy, Ann
Jufpii. 'J'hev have had live children. He came to Randolph
Count V in ISrit.

Joseph Macy was born in North Carolina in 1808; came to
Randolph County, Ind., in 1820; man-ied Sarah Hobson, and has
had ten children. He was a Friend, a farmer, and a ven' worthy
and estiiiKihle man. He died in bS.SO, seventy. two years of age".

AVilliMiu M.iry. S..I, „f -I,,.,.],!! ^Lk',-, wns U.vn iA North Car-
olina in 1MI2: niarrird Lu,-v J)i-^,'s in IS-J',): emigrated to Ran-
dolph Cnuntv. Ind.. and, not long ago. to AVi^.-ousin. and after-
ward to lavi'i. He was a j.hvsician and a Republican, as also, in
former times, an Abolitioui.st. He raised a largo family, being
the fatl.er of Capt. William W. Mncx. e.K-SheiifV of Randolph
Counts. He wiis ,,-.,e of the proi.rietors of the town of Fann-
land in IS.-.:',. Mv. :\buv died at Ad.'l. Tonvm. of pneumonia.
iT,i~. one of (be piomHT.-, of Randolph, and

>b.>

s tallii

v..rthv

Mi,i

lid ;

Il.e

ItHlidolpI, Conritv. hul . ill !St:,. when that n.nioii ^va^ still eev-
ere.l with forests. He had maiTled In-fore ieavint' ftoss County,
Ohio. Ids wife's nam,- being ^Nlary Jane Jameson, 'and they have
li.nl four children, two of whom an- m.w living. Ho was brought
ii}) a farmer lu>\, and when grown, took up the carpenter trade
following it for.some ten years, before coining to Randolph and
somewhat afterward. For six years, h(- was engaged in clearing
a farm in the Randolph woods. In ISo-J. he <-ntered th- Meth-
o<liKt itineracy, having joined that church in bS:)'.). After trav-
eling circuit for nine veai-s. h.- located, in ISCl. returning to the
hibors of the tann. engaging, also. son.. .what in jin-aching and
ri.ling.ircnit one y..ar. His wife died Maich, ISSO. In poli-
tics, he was. in oki limes, a Democrat, v,,ting tor Van Buren,
Polk, Cass and Pierce. At the rise of tin- liepublican jiarty, he
ioin(-d it. voting fur Fr.-mont, Lincoln, Grant. Hayes and'Oar-
ileld. Ho used to belong to F. & A. M., Init does not at the pres-
eid, tune. He is a nu-mber of the I. O. O. F. His oldest son,
John S. Marks, was ;; meml.er of the Forty iirst Indiana (Second
Cav;d..-y). dying at ( ■..rinth. Miss.. Jam-, 'iSd'J. Mr. MiU-ks is a

■I'hon.a- Wnllacc- was Lorn in JSilT. in •^emie^-^,.e. and came

1, who marrying shortly, soon lost his wife by death, and did

.inSEPH B. BRANSON,
.loseph B. Branson was born April !o, 1830, in Chatlinm County, N. C,
and in the fall of 18:!" removed with his parents, Levi and Kacbel Branson, to
Washington, Wayne County, Ind. After remaining there about a year, the
family removed to Miami County, Ind., when that county was but sparsely .set-
tled, and many representatives of the Indian tribes still lingered there. In
184U, the father died, and the mother, with (ler family, retui-ncd to Wayne
County. At a later date, she married David Maxwell, of I'nion County, Ind.,
where the subject of this sketch conlinucd to reside wilh his mother and step-
father until 1S61. In that year he tame to Randolph County, where he has
ever since resided. He engaged in the house-carpenter's trade, and for ten
yeiirs or more, continued in that line of employment. He was reared on a
farm, and, after a successful experience as a builder, he resumed agricultural
pursuits in 1862, and has since continued to cultivate his large farm with very
satisfactory and profitable results. In addition to the pursuit of farming, he
has a half interest in a hardware store in the thriving little town of farmland,
and is associated wilh the mercantile interests of that place. Has been iden-
tified with the growth and development of this county for more than thirty
years, and has always been a liberal, public-spirited citizen, ready to
encourage all enterprises of public benefit, and contribute generously when
such enterprises appealed to the public generosity. During the late civil war
I he was especially active in assisting the families of soldiers, and performed
I many .leeds of kindness and charily during that trying period, known only to
j the recipients, and by them gratefully remembered. His life has been honora-
ble and upright, and in all his dealings with his fellow-men he has wpn and
retained their confidence and good will by his fairness and unselfishness. In
his political afTiliations, he is « very pronounced Kepublican, and has accom-
plished no small amount of good for the party by his influence in its behalf.
He has never been ambitious for office, but once consented to serve as .lustice
of the Peace, and discharged tin. duties of that office with ability and honor.
He was reared under the ndtiiPiKP-. if il.p Sf .iety of Friends, with which
society be is now idciioi . I !1- iiii.nnl (.'r:in.l|.;uents, .Jaiues and Marian
Mendenhall. were of Hi. . . .- .r-icr. Mr. lirauson has been twice

narried, first, in the ^p.' i Mi-- r;,il,„M„e, daugliter of Peter S.

and Catharine Miller, nl,. r,>i-. i,. l;.iri.ln,|ih ( -minly from Pcnnsylvnnia in
1830. This union was l)les«-i l.y six cliildren— Wellington, Mary D., .Naomi
M., Ida B., Viola A. and Flora A. Ou the :i:;d of August, 1876, his wife died,
leaving u void in the family circle and in the hearts of her loved ones that
c.iuld never be filled. Two years and three months after her demise, Mr.
Branson was unit.-.l in marriage with Mrs. Matilda Hawkins, widow of Simeon
Hawkins, of Hamilton County, Ind. Mrs. Branson is the daughter of John
and Angelina Morris, who lived near xN'oblesville. Ind. Slie is an estimable
lady, and shares with her husband Iho atfoctionale regard of a large circle of

fric

WILI.1.\:

. 0. Farmland,

. Ohio

1 in Liverpool,
"■■" d from

IS4H. Tbej

'I'll

Iph County in is:

iiiU.

of W iiids .r,

aei(.,-secon.l-hand. Tliev havehad bnl ..i,e cliil.l. H<. di,..l in bS70,
an,! was buried in AViiid.-,.r Cen,et,-rv. T. W. was a Jlethodist,
a Whig, an Abolitionist, a Ri.piiblican. a g,,o,lman ;in.l a wor-
thy an.l prominent cili /en. Th.. s,.(tl,.rs when (liev .•am., were
Jacob IJrower, four mih-s east: .l,>hn Sliiri.,.,-. on,- half n.ile east;
J,n.-,,h J,,nes, on Cainpl„.|ICr..,.k; Am,.s .M,.,.ks. ;,ls,, ,,n Canip-
b,.ll (,'r,.ek. five or six mil.'s n,.iih .,f W.-dlacV. ,\it,T Wallace
caine W(.re Samuel Shim,-r, in lS:!'.i, ,,n,. mil,. i„>ilii ,,f I'arker;
Huston Han-is, 181::, nean-r I'.-n k,-r; .Milt,ili llaiTis, lS|-_', „,ntli
of I'arker; Ceor-,. Hittclu-ns, .'ast ,,r l';,ik,T. His wil',- is
still living, anactiv,-. energetic ol, I lady, on the ,.1,1 honi,.,..t,.a,l.
The iirst school in the neighborhood was ilnring the second'
winter after they came. The house was a log cftbin, one fourth'
of a mile up the river, and the teacher wan John Boyse, a young

i married to Elizabeth
en— Sarah T. and David N,
both educated in the luf;
d in the war for the Union
three years in I'omiiany ,lv, lliiriy-si.\th Hegiment Indiana Infantry, and six
months in Company A, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment, Mr. Baily
worked at lypc-nmking in his early life, but for a number of years has been
engaged in farming and stock-raising. Is a member of the Methodist Church.
Has a farm of 1(10 acres of valuable land, and is a worthy citi/.en of the neigh-
borhood in which he resides.

SAM0EL T. BOTKIN is a resident of Farmland, Monroe Township. He
was born in West Uiver Township, Enndolph l^unty, July 14, ]8;!0. His
father, Jonathan Bolkin, was a native of Virginia, and emigrated from thence
to Tennessee, and from there to Bandolph County in 181.5.' In 1854, Samuel
T. was marrie,! to Miss Mary A. Byrd, of Wavne County, Ind. They had
born to them four children— Alonzo K., Juniithan H., Clara B. and Henry S.
Mrs. Bolkin died Jlay -Jl, 18(;4. June 11, 1860, Mr. Boikiu was mnrrie.l a
second time to Martha L. Mclnlirc. Her people were ,.ri!.'in..Hv y,;.,„ f)l,i„.
Mr. and Mrs. Bolkin have two children— Edgar T. an.l W ,11, .n, T M, li,.(.
kin was educated in tho common schools of the connln ' n...

He has been practically engaged (clerking) in the i,i. : l.ir

iliirly-two years, Duringallofthntlimehehasriolbn.il h o , i i i ,.|ilnr
1 employers or cusloniers. His reputation for fair deiilin

rably c.

f Fre

muBoiiR, Lodge No. 308, at Famdiind, ami the Independent Order of I. 0. 0.
F., No. :i08, of Farmland. He rests his liojies in future happiness in the doc-
trine of Methodism, and choscs the liepublican party to manage the Govern-
ment in which, he lives. He owns a farm of 109 acres, and is much interested
in bringing it up to a high stale of culliviuion.

WILLIAM B. CAUTKll is a resident of Farmland, and is a hardware
meixhanl. He was born in Clinton County, Ohio, December 11, 18S'., and was
educated in the common schools of Ohio. He is aeon of Wilson and Judith
Carter. Before engaging in the sale of hardware he wos for many years a
farmer and agent for the sale of agricultural implements. Mr. Carter married
Marlicia Mendcnhnll, of Wayne (.'ounty. She is a daughter of William and
Uehecca (Coffin) Mendenhall. Her father died in November, 1880. Mr. nu,t
.Mrs. Carter have four children living— Ann Maria, Millicent B,, Jlary E. an.l
Miriam. Mr, Carter is a member of the Friends Church, of F. & A. M., No.
■idS, Farmland, and I. 0. 0. F., No. 208, of Farmland. By close attention to
business ami true energy he has surrounded himself and family with all the

mnmmmmmnmmm

Res. or J.S. Davis .Farmland, Randolph Co.j Ind.

MONROE TOWNSHIP.

bVrmland. lie belongs ti

a lyi

Uis

ml 111

ved to

0 llepublicau parly, anil is an

.'. 0. farmland, was born in
omas Connor, was born in Han
amy in 1820. Mr. Connor «

ji March, 1854. . _, „

nry II., .lose]ihinc, Olive M., Ann B., Kua E., Florence E., Mary L. and
in Carlos. Tlie parents of ,Mra. Connor formerly came from Obio, Higb-
d County, and they came to this county at an early date. Mr. Connor was
icated in the old time schoolhouse of this county, and out the first road
oiigh Faruiland from north to south. He is a member of (he Church of
ends. Owns a good larm of I'M iiores. Republican in politics, and,
longli a pioneer, is vigorous, industrious and a good citizen.

a DAVIS.

ist n, 1S88, in Lawrence County, Ohio, and

r, Hugh >I. Davis, to Clark ('ounty, in the

•James S. Davis was bor
in infancy removed witn hii
same State. His father was
during the greater part of the time, teaching school in ihc winter. I'ntil
thirteen years of age, James remained near Springfield, Ohio, receiving in the
meantime, the benefits of the common schools of that locality. In IS.jl, being
then thirteen years of age, he came to Randolph County, Ind., with his parents,
luid from that time until he attained his majority he was engaged as a farm
hand during the farming season, attending school in the winter. In the fall of
li^jS, he went to the State of Missouri, where he remained a year, returning
to his home near Farmland at the end of that time, and entering Liber College,
ill .lay County. He taught school in the latter county during the ensuing winter,
and in the spring of 1861, enlisted in Company C, of the Nineteenth Regiment,
Indiana Volunteer Infantry. But the part he might have taken in delense of
till-- I nion, and f.)r which his patriotism inspired him, was prevented by sick-
nogs. He wiLs taken ill soon after the regiment reached Washington City, and
wiiuu their removal was ordered he was declared unable to accompany them,

jiiiul by Mr-;. ( 'ileti Smith, whose husband was Secretary of the Interior at that
liiii". i: I ■ i- I. kill 1 i Mio Secretary's home, where he remained during con-
v:ili-' 1 1 'ii seven months after his enlistment, he was discharged

I'tir |iii ' ',v, ;iiiil returned to his home. He again adopted the voca-

uildin:

irth $2,01

He hi

lield Ih

e of To«

idTreasur

NATHAN E. GRAY, Farmland, was born April 21, 1841, in Randolph
County, this State. His father, Edward Gray, was a native of Franklin County,
Va. The family emigrated to Ohio in 18.J1, and from thence to this, Randolph
County, where they now live. Mr. Nathan E. Gray was married to Luoinda
H. Ross, September 13, 1866 ; they have five children— Nancy M., Laura B.
and Sarah Olive, who are twins, Eliza L. and Charles E. Mrs. Gray was born
in Holmes C'ounty, Ohio, in 1842, and came to this State in 186-"> to engage in
school teaching. Mr. Gray was educated in the common schools of the State,
wliich did not, at that time, afford the best facilities for aciiiiiring an educa-
tion. The mother and father of Mrs. Gray were originally from Butler County,
Penn.. where they were born respectively in the years 1807 and 1802. Mr.
and- Mrs. Gray are members of the Methodist Church, and are considered
worthy citizens. He followed fanning until two years last past, when he en-
gaged in the furniture and undertaking business in Farmland. He is a Re-
publican in politics, and is considered a conscientious, law-abiding citizen.

ELIAS P. HALLIDAY, farmer and County Commf-^ '- " "

William H. and I'hebe (Freeman) Halliday, ai "

824. He

the s

n of a family of

hildro

irled in life withoi

Farmland, ai
in. Like mii
any capital sn

ich he is loc'ttcd. lie is a man

n whom

nergy and deter

lination are

omineul features, ami to these chai

icteristics

he owes much of

the success

It has crowned his efforts.

He was married, in June, 18i;2, t

Miss Ly

le Ruble, daiighte

r of Samuel

1 Rowena Ruble, who were among

settlers of Rmdolph County.

this union they are the parents of

two childr

en— .Mattie R. and

Bonnie J.,

h of whom are now living.

In his political affiliations :\Ir. Davis is a

llcpublican. lie

w.as cleoteil

ustee of .Monroe Township in 1806,

md built n

I Farmland the se

cond graded

loolhouse in the county. Like ma

oas of a progres

action was condemned at first, ant

hJha!r'b

t few supporters.

But when

school was completed, and the cit

how truly he had their real

crests at heart, their protests turne

I to approbation, and their

udorsement

his action found expression in repe

ited re-elections to the office

of Trustee,

ich he occupied for seven consecuti

one year each.

In private as well as public life he

is known

as a man of lionor and integ-

.0 his personal

the Methodist Episcopal Church, as is also his wife. He is identified with the
Masonic fraternity at Farmland, having attained the .Master Mason's degree.
He ia enterprising and public-spirited, and a worthy and highly respected
citizen of the community in which he resides.

FLORIN V. FLOOD, farmer, V. 0. Farmland, was born in Montgomery
County, Ohio, December 10, 1843 ; he removed (o this county with his parents

Ind.,

— Robet

. , Nora C. , Sarah E. , Nancy N. and Julii
cated in the common schools of the county, and has gained much useful informa-
tion by reading. He enlisted in Company C, Nineteenth Regiment Indiana
Volunteer lufintry, participating in the terrible conflicts around Petersburg,
where he received a painful wound in the right arm, on the Wlh of June, 1864.
He is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church, of Farmland Lodge, F. &
A. M., No. 208, and a Republican from principle.

MATTHEW W. DIGGS, harness and saddlery. Farmland. Matthew W.
Diggs was born June 20, 1840, in this couuty. His father, Armsbce, originally
came from Guilford County, N. C, where ho was born June 18, ITIl.'J. The
father of Mr. Diggs settled in Randolph County in 1817. He settled on the
farm on which he lived at the time of his death, he having cleared it from a
wilderness to a cultivated and pleasant home. Mr. Diggs was married. May 4,
186M, to Ruth Diggs, who was born January 3, 183;). He was educated in tlir
common schools of this county ; followed the occupation of farming until 186'
when he engaged ia harness and saddlery, in Farmland. His stock is we.,
selected ; worth Sl.-'JOO, his sales reaching $3,-500; is a m,ember of the Method-
ist Episcopal Church, I. 0. 0. F., No. 208; ardent temperance man. and a Re
publican. He owns two town lots on which is ono dwelling and a business

father was born in the State of New York
in the year 1798, and his mother was "born in New Jersey, 1799. They lived
in Newark, N. J., until the year 1832, when they removed to this State and
settled in Henry County. They lived here for about ten years, when they re-
moved to Franklin (bounty, Ohio, where Mrs. Halliday (Ellas' mother) still
lives, and where William died August, 1862. Elias was eight years of age
when his parents came to this State. At the age of fourteen, he entered the store
of Mark E. Reeves, of Washington, Wayne Co., Ind., where he remained for
eight years in the capacity of a clerk. He was married to Jane Ringo, daugli-
ter of Peter and Margaret Ringo, of Centerville, Wayne Co., Ind., in the year
1846. After marriage, he entered into the general mercantile business in
Washington, Wayne Co., and remained until 185'i, when he removed to this
county, and settled in Maxville, where he again entered the goods business,
lie remained here until 18Gl,when he was elected to the office of County
Treasurer, and re-elected in 1863. As a business man, Mr. Halliday displayed
that tact and enterprise which has characterized him through life. He was
careful to look after his business in detail, and was eminently successful.
After his term of four years as County Treasurer expired, he purchased a
piece of land (30 acres) adjoining Farmland, and moved on it, where he still
resides, lie is owner and proprietor of 32-5 acres of excellent land situated in
M III >• In .ill] ihis county. In addition to farming, Mr. Halliday is et-
.111 liuying and shipping all kinds of stock. He was first
"I County Commissioner in the year 1876, and has hehl
I ■: I I It I ,1 ii-ly ever since, his term expiring next December. .\s n
c.jui.,> ..;ii.:i ril, Ut liii.s served the people faithfully and honestly, and will re-
tire from olHce with the universal .iudginent, " Well done, good and faithful

a cost of $3-5,O0O,'and five excellent iron bridges at a cost of §20,000, besides
many other acts of interest to the county. Mr. Halliday is over alive to the
best interests of the county, and he has done much to bring Randolph to the
front rank as one of the best counties in the State. .\Ir. and Mrs. Halliday
are the parents of seven children, of whom five are now living. Their two
sons, William R. and Waldo M. are both married, and reside in Lynn, this
county, where they are engaged in a general mercantile business. They also
have a daughter married and living in Farmland; the other two sons arc at
home with their parents, .Mr. H. has a fair education notwithstanding his
early advantages were very poor. He is a stanch Repuulican, and is a mem-
ber of both the orders of F., & A. M., and I. 0. 0. F. He and his good wife
have been acceptable members of the M. E. Church for over thirty years. Mr.
Halliday is one of Randolph County's substantial, honored and useful citizens,
of the strictest integrity and honesty of purpose. He and his family are hon.
ored and respected by all who know them.

DEMPSEY C. HARBOUR, merchant, Farmland. Dempsey C. Harbour was
born, September 13, 1854, in this county; his father, Elijah E. Harbour, wiis
born in Fayette Counly, Ohio, October 16, 1831, and came to this eounty in
1H3.3. Mr. Harbour w.as married to Alice Branson September 13. I.STil, to
whom one child was born, Branson E. His wife deceased April 26, 1S78. and
he was married the second time to Edith A. Stanley, September Iti, 1880. His
wife's father. Pleasant A. Stanley, was born in Union County, Ind., in 1827 ;
moved to Ihis county, and has been dead six years at this date. Jlr. Harbour
was educated in the graded schools of this county; he has followed the mer-
caniile business from boyhood; is a member of the M. E. Church ami of
Farmland Lodge, No. 208, A., F. & A, M. He is a Republican in politics, ii
member of the firm of Stanley & Harbour, general merchandise, and is affubic
in conversation, courteous in business and honest in his dealings.

HENDERSON UINCHMAN, hotel and railroad agent, Parker. This
worthy gentleman was born January '.», 1831, in Rush County, Ind. He
moved to .Madison County, this State, .at six years of age; from thence to Del-
aware Couuty, in October, 186.5, and located in this county in April, 1 870. He was
united in marriage to Emily Miller December 27, 18.5,5, who was born Decem-
ber 11, 1836. Mr. H. was educated in the common schools of Madison County,
this State. He has followed farming, milling, merchandising, hotel keeping,
and at present is railroad agent of the Bee Line at Parker; he is a member of
the Christian Church, of the I. 0. 0. F.. Parker Lodge, 170; he has five chil-
dren living— Elnora A., Harriet, Minnie, William and Mary B. Mr. H. owns
'.he hotel at Parker, and does a thriving business.

JOHN A. JONES, farmer, P. 0. Parker, was born August 22, 183-5, in
Virginia, and came to this county in September, 1838. His father, Jacob
Jones, was born January 1, 1797, and came to this county at an early period
in its history. Mr. J. was married to Martha J. Williams January 9, 1858,
who was born August 5, 1840. They have eight ohildren— Laura' A., born

HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

Septemhcr 27, IKKI ; .lames L., Juue 3, 1864; India 0., November 20, 1867 ;
• .laoob M., February 20, 1S69 ; CorJeliarJ., May 24, 1872; Richard H., Maroh
5, 1874; John 0.,"February 11, 1876; and Mary, May 18, 1879. Mr. J. was
educated i" the common schools of his county, and has been very successful in
farming. In 1862, he was elected as Justice of the Peace of Monroe Town-
ship, and still holds the position at this period. He is is a member of the M.
E. Church and of Selma Encampment. No. 64, and of Tarker Lodge, No. 170,
I. 0. 0. F. He owns a fertile farm of 30!) acres of land, which is well culli-
vnted and supplied with good buildings. He is a Republican in politics and a

. Farmland. James M. Keener, M. D.,
( County, Tenn. His father, Jonathan,
was born in West Virginia, in April, 1 780 ; moved to Tennessee at an early
dale and removed from thence to this county in 1829. Dr. Keener was united
in marriage to Juliet Johnson April 29, 1856. They have one child, Attie J.
Jacob Johnson, the father of Mrs. Keener, was born in New Jersey March 24,
1777, from whence ho moved to Dayton, Ohio, and from thence to this county
in 18.30 ; her mother, formerly Mary Edwards, was born February 6, 1780, in
Morristown, N. J., hi.storio for its glorious scenes of the patriot cause of the
Revolution Dr. Keener was educ.vted in the old log schoolfaouses that nestled
here and there amidst the Wilds of Indiana ; he studied medicine for three
years under the tutorship of Dr. Bodkin, of Winchester, and soon after, by his
indomitable will and close application, built up a lucrative practice: he prao-
e when the county was a wilderness, the Indian

road. He i(

of the

of the

Christian Church and of the A., F. & A. M., No. 308, of Farmland; his
father was a soldier of the war of 1812, fought under Gen. Jackson, where he
learned to early love the principles which Old Hickory taught. Dr. Keener
inherited the politics of his father, but is now an earnest, consistent Repub-
lican. Although now sixty-three years of age, he is robust, inuscular and
active as many of much younger years; has a good practice, and is recognized
as a leading physician and worthy citizeu.

ANDREW J. LEVERTON, blacksmith. Farmland, was born September
27, 1810, in Maryland, and came to Indiananolis, Ind., in March, 1860; from
tliRnce to this county in .lanuary, 1869. He was married to Martha J. Somer-
viUe, December 27, 1873, who was born January, 1852. They have one child,
horn September 29. 1880. His father, Arthur Levei'ton, was born in Mary-
land March 17, 1802; emigrated to Indianapolis in 1860; from thence to
Wayne County, Ind., in 1863, and deceased July 4, 1880. The father of Mrs.
I.everton, Robert Somerville, was born September 18, 1818, and still resides in
this county. Mr. Leverton was educated in the common schools of Maryland,
and is now engaged in blacksmilhing in Farmland. He is a Republican in
politics, a member of the Christian Church, and faithful in business.

COLUMBUS W. LEWIS, livrmer, V. 0. Farmland, was born in Wayne
t'oiinty, Ind., May 19, 1818 ; he came to this county in 1824, and married, at
an early dale, Jane L. Neely, to whom six children were born, of whom two
are living— Charlotte iVf. ond Salina .\I. He lost his first wife by death,
and i*as married the second time to Malinda A. Segraves, formerly Spence,
November 1, 1877. Her father came to this county in 1845. The father of
Mr. Lewis, Richard Lewis, was b<,rn in North Carolina in 1786, removed to
Wayne County, Ind.. in 1811. He held the pcsition of Captain under Gen. Har-
riscin, and was engaged in the Indian wars of 1811-12. Mr. Lewis was edu-
cated in the old log cabin schoolhouso of pioneer days, and has folhiwed
farming for a living. He is a member of the Christian Church, a Republican
in politics, .and, at this date, the cares of sixty-four years seem to hang but
lightly on the frame of this early pioneer.

HARVEY A. McNEES was born in Randolph County, Ind., August 9,
1838. He obtained a fair common-school education, and launched out in the
cold world while quite young. He was engaged for many years in clerking in
a dry goods and notion store. When Sumter was attacked and the flag dis-
honored, he enlisted for the defense of the Union in Company K, Nineteenth
Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry. In August, 1863, after having served
some over two years, he had a sunstroke which incapacitated him for further
military duty, and he was accordingly discharged. Since he retired from the
army, he has been engaged in various occupations. He was married in March,
18U4. At present, be is a resident of Farmland, Randolph Co., Ind.

W. V. MACy.
William P., son of David Macy, was born in Henry County, Ind., October
20, 1837. He was reared on a farm, attending the district schools in the win-
ter and assisting his father during the balance of the year. When thirteen
years of age, ho accompanied his parents to Howard County, Ind., where his
father w;is engaged ia mercantile pursuits at the town of West Liberty. The
son occupied the position of clerk in his father's store, and in his sixteenth
year removed with his parents to Randolph County. His father opened a dry
goods store at Farmland, in connection with which he operated a tin store.
The latter eslalilisliment was afterward purchased by the son, and conducted
successfully for about two years, at the end of which time ho purchased a farm
southwest of Farmland, and engaged in agribnltural pursuits. Subsequently
he purchased and removed to a farm on Bear Creek, in Franklin Township,
but about four years later returned to Farmland, and again engaged in the tin
business. About this time, however, he was appointed by the Treasurer of
Randolph County to collect delinquent tares, and the greater portion of his
lime wis employed in the duties of this position. In 1870, he purchased thu

tivation and improvement. Mr. Macy is one of that class of men whose energy
and untiring industry have proved the key to success. He began life without
eipilal, and by hard work and good management has accumulated a comfort-
able furlune, and now ranks among the we.althy and

.oiples

1 unfair advantage

His possessions are the accumulated results of years of honest toil, and no sud-
den favor of fortune has ever transpired to augment his success. He occupies
a high place in the regard of all who know him, and is recognized as one of
the best citizens of the community in which he resides.

He was married, in 18-50, to Demiss K. Hooglnnd, daughter of Isaac Hoog-
land, an early settler and highly respected citizen of Randolph County. The
bride of his youth was the companion and helpmeet of the years that followed,
and still lives to share with him the prosperity that has crowned his labors.
They are the parents of nine children, all of whom, save John C, now survive.
Emma V., the eldest, is the wife of Friink L. Shaw, and lives in Monroe Town-
ship; Charles C. married Elizabeth A. Stump, and lives in Green Township;
Effie L. married E. S. West, and also lives in Green Township. Rosa F., Mary
L., Eddie E., Sallie I. and Lulu H. remain at home.

Mr. Macy is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Farmland, and has advanced
to the Master Mason's degree. In politics, h« is an enthusiastic Republican,
but has never aspired to office, and never occupied an elective position. He is
a member of the M. E. Church, and his family are members of the same

JUDGE PETER S. MILLER.
Peter S. Miller was born at Farmersburg, Dauphin Co., Penn., on the 6t::
of February, 1808. He was the son of Peter and Catharine (Schneiderl Miller

of Ger

The!

sity of earning his living thus early t!

self-reliant, and developed within him the qualities oi true manuooa. «e nrsi,
found employment in a large merchant mill, known as the " Burkley Mills,"
where be remained several years, acquiring in the meantime a thorough
knowledge of the miller's trade. Subsequently, he accepted a position in a
dry goods store, where he remained uotil nineteen years of age; he then a«so- •
ciated himself with Peter Segar, and together they erected a steam flouring
mill, which they conducted successfully for several years. In 1839, having
sold his interest in this mill, Mr. Miller came, with his wife and family, to
Indiana, and located in Randolph County, where he continued to reside until
his deceose. He purchased the properly known as the Bales farm, about a
mile above the mouth of Cabin Creek. On this property there was an old
grist mill, which he repaired and put in operation, running it successfully for
about five years, and finally selling it to V^illiam R. Marine, from whom it
passed to John Bond and Zimri Bond, and is now known as the " Bond Mill."
The farm consisted of 240 acres, and after selling the mill Mr. Miller gave his
attention entirely to the improvement of this estate, and proved himself an
excellent farmer. During his residence on the farm, he was elected Justice of
the Peace, and at the expiration of bis term was elected Judge of the Probate
Court of Randolph County. In both positions he discharged his duties with
eminent ability and to the satisfaction of his constituency. After serving
four years on the Probate bench, he resumed the pursuit of farming, but in
18-52 erected a storeroom at Farmland, and embarked in mercantile pursuits
there with D. R. Ford, under the firm name of Miller & Ford. About twelvo
years later, Mr. Ford was succeeded in the firm by John Oakerson, and at a
still later date Judge Miller sold his own interest to Thomas Kearns, and ac-
cepted the office of Postmaster and agent of the "Bee-Line" Railroad at
Farmland. Two years later, he purchased a halt-interest in the drug store of
Dr. Henning. Shortly afterward, he purchased the interest of his associate,
and erected a storeroom of hii own. At a later date, he associated L. A. Gab'n
with him as a pailner, and, after conducting a successful mercantile businoib
for about four years, determined to abandon merointile pursuits and retire to
his farm. In 1866, he purchased a farm adjoining Farmland, upon which he
erected a comfortable residence. Here he resided, surrounded by his family,

in 1876
Church, (

died. He

id was k

good man, in the best sense of that
term. Throughout his life, he was a hard worker— energetic, industrious and
enterprisinir, and in his business transactions scrupulously honest. He was
the friend of progress and public improvement, and all enterprises inaugurate!
with the view of promoting the public welfare were sure of his encounigemen:
and support; he was one of the first friends of the Indianapolis & Bellefon
taine (now C, (,\, C. vSi I.) Railroad, and served as a Director until the changi
in the organization of the road. Politically, he was at first a Whig, but upon
the organization of the Republican parly he embraced its principles, and was,
until his death, one of its unwavering adherents. He w.as identified with the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was an active and zealous member of
that fraternity. At the ago of nineteen years, on the 26lh of September, 1827,
Mr. Miller was united in marriage with Miss Catharine Moyer, daughter .<f
Jacob and Citharine Moyer, of Berks County, Penn. By this union they were
the parents of thirteen children, viz.: Mor'an, Mary Ann, Catharine, Francis,
James, Elizabeth, Maria L., Caroline, EUsha A., Abigail, Rachel, Kllen and
Matilda, of whom nine survived their father and are now married. Tli.
mother still resides at the old homestead, loved and respected by all who
know her.

JOHN A. MOORMAN was born Aug. 19, 1820, in Richmond Co., North
Carolina- His father, Carlton Moorman, was a native of the same county, and
grew to manhood there. In 1819, he married Misi Rebecca Webb, a native of
North Orolina, and in April, 1822, oime with his wife and son to Indiana,
identifying himself with the pioneer history of Randolph t'ounty. They lo-
cated near the present site of Farm'aad, at a time when the region was almost
completely a wilderness, and educitional and religious privileges limited. The
father was possessed of ample means, and gave his children access to nil the
sources of instruction then extant in the neighborhood. During the boyhood
of his son John, these sources of information were never more than country
schools of the crudest order, and the latter is indebted to his own studious mind,
more than to schools, fjr a fund of information and a store of knowledge. At
the age of sixteen years, the subject, of this sketch accepted a position in the
store of Goodrich Brothers, at Winchester. He remained with this firm about

4rLi}.AJf^

'^T P^^- ^

Judce.PeterS.Miller^

ifl"

^^m.

■4^;m *

'I

Joseph B.Branson.

Job.Thornburg.

STONY CREEK, TP.

>-iMa

HI

■«fflBr't-«t

MONROE TOWNSHIP.

four years, tnd lU the end of that time, in 1840, he was united in marriage
with MlsB Nanoy, daughter of John and Raohel Hiatt. Immediately after his
marriage, he located upon a farm in White River Township, where he was en-
gaged in agricultural pursuits for the ensuing seven years. In 1847, death
Tieited his home, and the faithful wife was called from the love of her family
knJ the embraces of dear ones, to an eternal rest, leaving three children—
Luther L., Orange W. and Nancy E. to mourn her loss. The home circle was

wedded life had been passed, investing in a piece of unimproved land. Shortly
after the decease of his wife, he entered the seminary at Winchester, where he
soent one term in study. In 1849, he was united in the lies of matrimony to
MibS Mercy Shaw, daughter of Jonathan an 1 Elizabeth Shaw, of Wayne County,
Ind., and again engaged in the pursuit of farming, which he continued until
sfler the clo.se of the war. In 1866, he sold his farm and moved to the town
('f Farmland, where for the next tea years, he was associated with the firm of
;.(jbbin3 & Stanley. In 1877, he retired from active business life, except that
he still conducts a profitable insurance business, and discharges the duties of

In the great political issues that have marked the past, Mr. Moorman has
taken an active and conscientious. part. In 1838, before he had attained hia
majority, he was a very pronounced Abolitionist, and worked zealously for
the success of the principles of that party. In 1842, he wja nominated by
that party for the office of Treasurer of Randolph County, and although he
received the entire vote of his party in this county, it was not sufficient to elect
him, while the Whigs and the Democrats both had tickets in the field, opposed
to the platform upon which he steod. In 1850, he joined hands with those
who organized the Republican party, and entered with new zeal into the work
of this organization. In 1860, he was nominated by this party as the Repre-
sentative from Ibh district to the State Legi-slature. He was elected by a tiat-
tering majority, and went into the halls of the State Capitol without legislative
experience, and at a time when a dark war cloud hovered over the land,
threatening daily to break and scatter its horrors broadcast. And in the
stormy scenes and the heated discussions that took place subseqacnily, he took
a bold, honorable and manly part, always acting with the Republicans, and
by every means possible assisting to sustiin and encourage Gov. Morton in
the trials thus thrust upon him. When in 1802, the famous " Miliuiry Bill"
was introduced, Mr. Moorman was one of the Republican " bolters," or one
among those who, U> break the quorum anl prevent revolutionary legislation,
ran away, until the session should expire by limitation. We have no apology
to offer for his conduct or that of his compaaions. They saved Indiana the
disgrace of vemovrng from her Governor hia power over the military forces of
the State, and investing it in three State officers known to be inimical to the
Government. Owing to the expiration of this session by limitation, no action
was had on the appropriation bills, and Gov. Morton was compelled
money upon his own credit, until the next General Assembly com
sustained his action, making the necessary appropriatious. At the close oi uis
first term in 1861, Mr. Moorman returned to his home, and was immediately
elected his own successor for the session of 1862-63. He had a voice in the
proceedings which resulted in the election of Hon. Henry S. Lane to the United
States Senate, and other important legislation which characterized the period
in which he served. At the close of the session in 1863, he tendered his res-
igoaiion, and was appointed by Gov. Morton as First Lieutenant and Quarter-
master of the One Hundred and Seventeenth Regiment Indiana Volunteers.
He accompauied this regiment to the field, acting as its Quartermaster until
the expiration of its term of service, in the spring of 1864, excepting a short
time when he served as Division Quartermaster. From the close of thii term
of service until 1870, he remained in private life. Rut in the Centennial
campaign the Republicans of this district again nominated him to represent
them in the General Assembly of the State. He was elected, and took part in
all the lOKislation of that session, voting favorably to the bill for the erection
of the new State House. At the close of this session, he retired from political
life with a record of which he and his posterity may feel justly proud. He
served the cause of the Union in many substantial ways, and boldly stood
forth for the right against powerful opposition. In all he did, he was actuated

with w

associated in the dark times of 1861 to 1864 is due the gratitude of a loyal people.

In 1836, at the age of sixteen years, Mr. Moorman identified himself with
the Methodist Episcopal Church. Later in life, he attached himself to the
Wesleyan Methodist Church, which denomination he found to be peculiarly in
harmony with his anti-slavery views. He entered the ministry of this church,
and for a number of years traveled as a supply. Later, upon the dissolution
of the church in this county, he re-united with the M. E. Church, and has ever
since labored as a local minister in that denomination. During this period, he
has been an active worker in all the temperance organizations, from the Wash-
iugtonian Society to those of the present day. During the existence of the Sons
of Temperance, he served the order in various official capacities, and was
Grand Patriarch of Indiana for the term of one year. In 1868, he became an
Odd Fellow, and after passing the chairs of the subordinate lodge and Encamp-
ment, was elevated to the office of Grand High Priest of the Grand Encamp
ment of Indiana.

In all the relations of life, social, private and public, Mr. Moorman has
maintained the same reputation for probity and integrity, and by an honorable
life and Christian exampb, has endeared himself to all with whom he has been
associated, and wielded an influence in the community which, though ijuiet, is
no loss potent. His wife, to whom he was wedded in 18411, is still spared to
share with him the triumphs and disappointments, the. pleasures and pains of
his later years. To bless this second union, there were seven children, viz.:
Malinda, Emma, Melvina, Calvin, William, Rosa and John, of whom all now
survive, save William. Orange W., a son by the first marriage, is engaged in
business at Indianopolis, and Calvin resides in Delaware County, Ind. With
these two exceptions, all the children reside in Randolph County.

JOSEPH MEEKS, farmer, P. 0. Parker, was born December 29, 1834, in
the State of Virginia ; he came here, to this county, in 1837, and was married
to Elizabeth Shroyer April 16, 18G0. He received the rudimenU of an educa-
tion in the oomtnon schools of that day, and has engaged in farming and stock-
raising from boyhood. He has two children — Martin A. (bom January 8,
1861) and Cora A. (August 12, 1867). His father, Amos Moeks, was originally
from Virginia, comins; to this State in pioneer days; deceased April, 187ti.
He buys and sells $500,003 worth of stock annually ; owns a be.autiful farm of
300 acres of land, well cultivated, and on which are erected fine buildings. He
is a member of the M. E. Church, and an honest, industrious citizen.

Ci'ROS S. MOORK, merchant. Farmland, was born in Randolph County,
Ind., December 21, 1838. His father's name was William, who was born in
Virginia; came to Ohio in the year 18 — , and from thence to this county. Mr.
M. has l«en married twice ; the first time to Jane Taylor, May 14, 1856, who
was born ; the second time to Emma R. Lamb, October

17, 1867. She was born May 12, 1838, in Wayne County, Ind. Her maiden
name was Jobes, and she was married the first time to William Lamb, in Aug-
ust, 18.54, whom she lost Bydeath. Mr. Moore was educated in the cotnmon
schools of this county, and is a man who gains much information by reading
and observation. He followed farming until twenty-one years of ape, and li.,s
since been engaged in buying stock and merchandising. He and Mrs. Moore
own town property of the value of |1,200, and a well-selected stock of goods
worth |6,OO0, with annual sales reaching $15,000. Those who call on Mr. and
Mrs. Moore will find it to their advantage to deal with them, as they are social
and accommodating. Mr. Moore is a member of I. 0. 0. F., No. 208, of Farm-
land, and he and his wife consistent members of the Friends Church.

ENOS R. ROBBINS, druggist, Farmland. The subject of this sketch wiis
born June 22, 1853, in Darke County, Ohio, and came to this county, with
his parents, in September, 1853. His father, Solomon Robbins, was born if
North Carolina in November, 1811. His mother, formerly Mary Shepherd,
was birn in Pennsylvania April 13, 1813. Mr. Robbins was married, July 24,
1875, t* Alfaretta Bates. They have three children— Melvin E., Thomas D. and
Jessie Maybelle. He was educated in the graded and ungraded schools of Ihiv:

in politics. He is also a member of F. &'A. M., Lodge No. 308, of Farmlam!,
and has followed the business of a druggist from boyhood. He is a member of
the firm of Robbins & Merridiih, druggists. They carry a stock of $3,000, and
their annual sales reach $7,000. He is considered a reliable business man.

,rOHN K. SCOTT, merchant, Parker, was born May 8, 1829. in the State
of Delaware. He came to Franklin County, Ind., in 18-53; from thence to
Delaware County, and in 1873 settled in this county. He was married to Mh^
Sarah E. Cozatt November 10, lS54,and they have five children living— Alplia-
retta E., John H., Winfield, Annie E. and Harriet. His father, John Scott,
was born in Delaware, and deceased there October 18, 1844. The father uf
Mrs. Scott, Henry Cozat, was originally from Kentucky, settled in Ohio and
died there in 1852. Mr. Scott was educated in the common schools of Mary-
land and Delaware, nnd has followed successfully farming, milling and mer-
chandising. He is a member of the M. E. Church, of the 1. 0. 0. I'., No. 170,
Parker Lodge. He owns sixty-six acres of land, a dwelling and business
house ; he has a well-selected stock of goods, with an increasing trade ; his
card is John R. Scott, dealer in dry goods, groceries and notions, Parker, Ind

REUBE.N C. SHAW.

Reuben C. Sbaw was born March 14, 1820, in the city of Boston, Mass,
Hia father, David E. Shaw, was the captain of an ocean vessel and a man ot
strong character; he died young, however, and his children grew up without
the care and protection of a father, though the guidance of their young lives
was left to the safe hands of a noble mother, whose precepts, early instilled,
have borne good fruit in the later years of the lives of her children, and she
still lives to see them occupying their stations among the best citizens of the
community in which they are severally located.

Reuben C, the subject of this sketch, received a good education in the
schools of hi? native city, and when a young man entered upon an apprentioe-
ship at the carpenter's trade, learning also the higher branches of architectural
drawing and designing and etair-building, serving three years for his board
and ?120 for the entire term. In 1847, he was united in marriage with Misa
Rebecca P. Smith, who was born on (,'»pe Cod ; her father was a seafaring man
for forty years, and for thirty years of that period was the captain of a vessel.
In 1849, Mr. Shaw started across the plains to California, where he spent some
time in mining, but did not give his attention exclusively to this pursuit. The
reports of the topographical survey under Gen. Fremont had then been recently
published, and it was his enthusiasm in geology more than a desire for the
acquisition of gold that drew him thither. In 1852, he started homeward,
making the entire journey by water, and, surviving the perils of Cape Horn,
reached his home in safety, and resumed his former occupation. In 1855, he
started for the West with his wife and eldest son, hoping here to find better
opportunities for advancing his fortunes than were offered in the overcrowded
cities of the East. Randolph County, Ind., happened to be on liis route, and
in passing through it the many evidences of thrift and prosperity observable
throughout the farming community suggested to his mind that the days of log-
cabins would soon be past, and that the prospecte here for a mechanic of his
guild were very favorable. He located a mile north of Farmland, then a very
unpretentious village, and purchased forty acres of land, combining the pursuit
of farming with his trade. His life was all before him then, and he had his
fortune to earn while he was in hia prime; and with this thought in view, he
bent his energies to his work with a decision that erelong returned good re-
sults. His course was ever forward, and his properly began to accumulate.
The little farm of forty acres gradually widened, by sundry purchases, and he
now owns 181 acres of well-tilled land. The management of his farm has been
largely intrusted to his sons, his own time having been taken up by his trade,
in the erection of houses and the construction of bridges throughout the

IIISTOIIY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY.

He has used his ii

ing — Jemima E., Tliomas .1., BenSaroin F., francis A. and
■.nher, John Siimwalt, took imrt in the war of 1812, and
'(ii<B"of I'.ikimorc against the attack of the Briiish. Mr.

it'' 1 u', il tuiiiion BcUool of the county ; owns a good farm

' I. I i.v liis own industry ; is a member ut the Slelh-

"• "■■" '■ •' ' ' He is llepiibUcan in

'.\i: TUUiiMllUC. i.i.iiiLT, P. 0. Farmland, ni

.. 'I ■ iiiil.'U County, Ohio, and came to this county

':. • I ill the holy bunds of matrimony to Miss Malissa cioveiiger.

--. 1.S.54, wlio was horn in this county Jtny 3, 18S4. They had t«

ill II, ot whom five are lining— Tiiomas W., Sarah A., Zephora E., Elni'

nnit Alva A. Mr. T. was educated in the common schools of early days,

has followed the occupation of iarming. His father Alexander, was origii

from Ohio, and came to Delaware County, this Stale, at an early date, and

iM Iowa January, 1882. The father of Mrs. Thomburg. Wesley Clevenger,

■ 'i-igiually froni Kentucky, and came to this State some year.* ago. " ""'

l.urg is a worthy member of the Christian Church ; owns a fertile

•icren of laud; Republican in politics, and is a gentleman of more

iiy intelliecnoe and hospitality.

W[I,Td.\M H. AV.IOD. favnit-r, 1'. O. Parker. This esteemed

of li

wedded life h:is 1 '

H. Stanley, ori;;,n. >

giuia, and rtn. - '

history. Mr. .•<i:..:".

He was married the secoii'l

her 2.3, 1801. She was bor,

living-Ora C. lianiel P. an

from Virginia, .in.l ,..„'• i"

edumted iu tiir ■ "

Lodge. A., F. .'. V

propc'viy. Tlu-1.'

rcachin'.; ::-J').l"iii :t " ■ i

bllJii't'' ""■" ' i''ir

'.' and fru|

;ality he

the father of .Mrs. U. .

.served in the|l"v..!uM":

in the common school- ":

Farmland. .Served lliruiuli il,' '.vn- I'l

Indiana Infantry. Ho follnvi'd firiui

iig till ih.

worked at his trade. He is a member

of the Oh

fertile farm of 131 acres of land; i.s

a Republi