Skip to main content

Full text of "History of San Bernardino and Riverside counties / with selected biography of actors and witnesses of the period of growth and achievement.."

See other formats 


'^^ 

^ 


'^V*. 


.•#■ 


COUNTY  PUBLIC  I 


3  1833  01149  4926 


JC 


/ 


^  .^mS 


^ 


%*^ 


\  *    ^       *"      % 


* 


X 


HISTORY  OF 

SAN  BERNARDINO 

AND 

RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 


JOHN  BROWN,  Jr. 

Editor  for  San  Bernardino  County 


JAMES  BOYD 

Editor  for  Riverside  County 


Selected  Biography  of  Actors  and  Witnesses 

of  the  Period  of  Growth 

and  Achievement 


VOLUME  II 


THE  WESTERN  HISTORICAL  ASSOCIATION 
1922 


Copyright,  1922 

THE   LEWIS  PUBLISHING   COMPANY 

Chicago.  III. 


1783745 


CHAPTER  XXXII 

NEWSPAPERS 

Riverside  has  probably  had  its  full  share  of  newspapers.  The  first 
newspaper  was  published  in  November,  1875,  called  the  "Riverside 
News."  It  was  published  by  two  young  men  from  San  Bernardino, 
Jesse  Buck  and  R.  A.  Davis,  Jr.  It  was  a  small  afifair,  but  it  showed 
that  Riverside  was  growing.  It  came  quite  unexpectedly,  but  was  wel- 
come. As  neither  of  the  proprietors  were  horticulturists,  or  farming 
men,  it  was  not  of  much  service  in  that  line.  In  our  day  a  rapid  machine 
operator  (according  to  Robert  Hornbeck,  a  practical  printer  and  news- 
paper man  who  set  a  "stick"  or  two  on  the  first  issue)  would  set  the 
type  for  all  the  reading  matter  contained  in  the  News  in  four  hours.  The 
press  was  a  hand  press  and  by  hard  labor  would  print  from  300  to  500 
impressions  per  hour.  A  bound  file  of  it  is  now  in  a  glass  case  in  the 
public  library.  After  a  few  months  Buck  left,  and  Mr.  Davis  ran  the 
newspaper  alone  until  about  the  beginning  of  1877.  It  was  enlarged 
after  a  time,  using  a  patent  outside  printed  in  San  Francisco,  which  gave 
a  synopsis  of  the  general  news  from  the  outside  world.  After  a  time 
Davis  quit  and  it  was  run  in  a  desultory  fashion  for  a  time  by  W.  H. 
Gould,  owner,  who  sent  printers  from  the  outside  and  from  Los  Angeles. 
The  paper  received  but  slight  support  and  was  finally  leased  to  Henry  J. 
Rudisill  (brother-in-law  to  S.  C.  Evans,  Sr.)  who  put  his  son  Henry  J. 
in  charge  of  it.  Mr.  Rudisill  himself  was  a  bright  man  and  a  fluent 
speaker  and  sensible  writer,  who  if  he  had  been  able  to  give  his  whole 
time  to  the  paper,  would  have  made  a  success  of  it  from  a  literary  stand- 
point. But  Mr.  Rudisill's  duties  as  secretary  of  the  Riverside  Land  and 
Irrigating  Company  took  up  about  all  of  his  time  and  an  editor  by  the 
name  of  Satterfield,  a  patron  of  the  saloon,  did  not  help  any,  and  after 
a  time  he  left. 

In  April,  Robert  Hornbeck,  a  Riverside  boy  was  put  in  charge 
of  the  mechanical  department  with  Jas.  H.  Roe,  druggist,  as  edi- 
tor, under  which  management  it  was  run  for  the  summer.  Dr.  John 
Hall,  a  practical  printer  and  proofreader,  helped  set  type  occasionally 
while  Mr.  Rudisill,  Sr.,  was  on  a  business  trip  East.  E.  \V.  Holmes  also 
contributed  some  editorial  matter.  The  telegraph  operator,  a  cultivated 
man  also  wrote  an  occasional  editorial  and  the  paper  was  by  far  the  best 
it  had  ever  been.  It  had  a  circulation  of  about  three  hundred  copies 
with  a  subscription  price  of  three  dollars  per  year.  The  daily  paper 
was  not  yet  thought  of.  When  Mr.  Rudisill  returned  from  the  East  he 
found  it  was  a  costly  experiment,  it  having  run  behind  $800  and  he  gave 
up  the  lease.  It  was  run  for  a  short  time  by  others,  but  the  bankruptcy 
of  Mr.  Gould,  the  owner,  compelled  the  suspension  of  the  paper,  and  the 
material  sold  under  attachment  for  the  benefit  of  the  creditors.  The 
press  was  afterward  used  by  Scipio  Craig  on  a  newspaper  he  published 
at  Colton.  The  News  suspended  publication  in  February,  1878.  after  a 
checkered  existence  of  a  little  over  two  years. 

S.  C.  Evans  of  the  Land  and  Irrigating  Company,  feeling  the  need 
of  a  newspaper  as  an  advertising  medium  for  the  sale  of  lands,  and 
to  advertise  Riverside,  made  overtures  to  Mr,  Hornbeck  to  start  a  news- 
paper on  his  own  responsibility.  (Mr.  Hornbeck,  it  must  be  understood 
was  an  old  Riversider  living  with  his  father  on  the  east  side  on  a  dry 
governmen*^  claim).  This,  Mr.  Hornbeck  declined  to  do  as  he  thought 
603 


604         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  field  too  small  as  yet  for  a  newspaper,  although  Mr.  Evans  offered 
to  raise  $1,500  to  be  repaid  in  subscriptions  and  advertising  in  order  to 
start  a  new  paper.  After  repeated  efforts  James  H.  Roe  agreed  to  start 
a  newspaper  if  Mr.  Hornbeck  would  agree  to  be  the  printer,  to  which  he 
assented.  His  calculations  were  that  it  would  take  about  two-thirds  of 
his  time.  About  $1,000  was  raised  by  Mr.  Evans  in  all  from  various 
parties,  and  the  needed  material  was  sent  for,  arriving  about  June  20, 
1878.  The  first  office  was  on  Main  Street,  south  of  the  corner  of  Eighth, 
about  one  hundred  feet  in  a  shack  of  a  building  about  ten  by  twenty  feet, 
constructed  of  rough  boards.  The  weight  of  the  press  on  the  floor  made 
the  whole  building  so  wobbly  that  the  floor  joists  had  to  be  strengthened 
before  the  press  could  be  used.  There  were  just  room  enough  in  the 
building  to  hold  the  press  and  material.  Dr.  John  Hall  and  E.  W. 
Holmes  helped  set  up  the  type  for  the  first  issue,  which  had  a  patent 
inside  set  up  and  printed  in  San  Francisco  with  all  the  outside  news. 
No  telegraphic  news  as  yet.  The  first  issue  was  dated  June  20,  1878, 
under  the  name  of  the  Riverside  Press.  The  press  did  not  work  right 
at  first,  but  with  the  assistance  of  a  threshing  machine  operator  it  was 
put  in  working  order.  It  took  a  long  time  and  hard  work  on  the  hand 
operated  press  to  get  out  the  first  issue  of  500  copies,  Mr.  Hornbeck 
turning  the  press  and  Mr.  Roe  doing  the  rolling  or  inking. 

Mr.  Roe  was  a  pleasant  man,  well  educated  and  ran  the  paper  very 
creditably  and  we  had  in  Riverside  at  last  a  good  paper.  The  work  was 
very  trying  on  Mr.  Hornbeck  during  the  hot  summer  months,  the  dust 
sifting  in  off  the  .street  (this  was  before  the  sprinkler  for  the  streets 
came  in)  making  it  very  disagreeable.  When  a  norther  prevailed  in  the 
fall,  with  the  accompanying  dust,  operations  had  to  be  suspended  for 
the  time  being,  causing  a  removal  of  the  ofiice  to  another  wooden  build- 
ing, where  the  open  seams  of  the  upright  boards  were  battened  and  the 
inside  cloth  lined  with  a  cloth  ceiling.  Only  those  who  lived  through  a 
sand  storm  in  the  early  days  can  have  any  idea  of  their  disagreeable 
nature,  when  sheep  grazed  on  the  open  plains  in  the  path  of  the  wind, 
cutting  the  soil  up  into  fine  dust — it  blew  everywhere  and  on  cloth 
ceilings  they  would  sag  down  with  the  weight  of  dust.  Now  the  dust 
is  practically  done  away  with  since  roads  have  been  concreted  and  trees 
planted,  and  irrigation  everywhere.  The  Press  had  a  Chinese  laundry  for 
next  door  neighbor.  This  ofiice  was  on  a  lot  afterwards  given  with 
others  to  the  Citrus  Fair  Association,  where  a  fine  large  commodious 
pavilion  was  erected  for  fair  purposes  opposite  the  Mission  Inn.  After- 
wards it  burned  down,  and  the  present  Loring  Opera  House  was  built 
on  the  site. 

Mr.  Roe  had  a  hard  job  on  his  hands  while  he  had  the  Press,  as 
he  was  on  Government  lands  which  were  in  a  hot  dispute  with  Mr.  Evans 
and  the  Riverside  Land  and  Irrigating  Company  as  to  paying  for  the 
right  to  water  and  buying  stock  corresponding  to  acreage.  There  were 
other  unsettled  questions  among  the  fruit  growers  as  to  the  relative 
merits  of  seedling  or  budded  oranges,  and  as  to  whether  raisins  or 
oranges  were  going  to  be  the  most  profitable  crops. 

As  to  the  water  question,  and  the  fact  that  Mr.  Roe's  interests  were 
somewhat  antagonistic  to  Mr.  Evans,  while  the  patronage  and  support 
of  Mr.  Evans  was  vital  to  the  very  existence  of  the  paper.  Mr.  Roe  was 
a  mild  mannered,  agreeable  and  peaceable  man.  and  while  opinions  were 
vigorous  on  each  side,  Mr.  Evans  never  interfered  with  the  policy  of  the 
paper,  which  was  always  open  for  a  hearing  on  any  side,  and  although 
the  paper  grew  slowly  it  was  a  good  paper  and  had  an  important  influence 
on  public  affairs,  and  was  an  authority  on  horticultural  matter  and  got 


SAN  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         605 

important  aid  editorially  from  outsiders.  While  the  Press  was  thus 
quietly  making  its  way  there  was  got  in  the  way  of  premiums  on  sub- 
scriptions, three  hundred  dollars  that  was  applied  in  the  purchase  of  books 
which  in  the  end  was  the  origin  of  our  public  library. 

On  the  first  day  of  January,  1880,  L.  M.  Holt  who  was  Secretary  of 
the  Southern  California  Horticultural  Society,  and  also  running  a  paper 
in  Los  Angeles  called  the  Horticulturist,  bought  the  Press  from  Mr.  Roe 
and  the  price  paid — $1.500 — was  an  index  that  it  had  been  a  success  for 
it  paid  Mr.  Roe  $1,200  clear  of  all  indebtedness.  As  Mr.  Roe  had 
been  conducting  his  drug  business  all  this  time  it  showed  remarkable  suc- 
cess. 

Mr.  Holt  was  a  rustler  and  a  newspaper  man  for  the  most  of  his 
life  and  was  the  original  Riverside  boomer.  Southern  California,  of 
which  the  outside  of  Los  Angeles,  Riverside,  was  the  best  known  place 
horticulturally,  began  to  fill  up  slowly  with  Eastern  people  and  fruit 
began  to  turn  in  money  and  by  persistent  work  the  circulation  of  the 
Press  soon  doubled,  which  circulation  was  not  only  in  Riverside  but  in 
all  the  surrounding  new  settlements.  Soon  the  Press  began  to  be  a  tri- 
weekly with  a  weekly  Press  and  Horticulturist. 

Mr.  Holt's  brother,  Kendall,  a  theatrical  man,  came  to  Riverside  in 
a  professional  way,  and  liking  Riverside  remained  and  went  in  to  help 
L.  M.  both  in  a  business  and  editorial  way.  The  tri-weekly  was  such  a 
success  that  soon  there  was  a  Daily  Press  in  1886,  with  delivery  of  papers 
to  subscribers,  and  the  paper  flourished. 

When  L.  M.  Holt  bought  the  paper  from  Mr.  Roe  it  had  230  sub- 
scribers. The  inside  was  patent,  but  in  a  short  time  after  buying  it  it  was 
all  printed  in  Riverside.  Five  hundred  dollars  to  start  with  was  the 
original  investment,  putting  the  profits  into  the  capital  stock.  It  came,  in 
good  time,  to  represent  the  first  citrus  fair  in  1879.  During  Air.  Holt's 
ownership  it  was  helped  very  much  financially  by  large  adverti.sements 
from  new  settlements  that  were  founded  and  for  which  he  did  valiant 
work,  generally  getting  a  large  slice  of  land  in  return  for  booming  them 
in  a  legitimate  way.  Corona,  or  as  it  was  called  for  several  years.  South 
Riverside ;  East  Riverside,  now  Highgrove  ;  Ontario,  Etiwanda  and  Red- 
lands,  and  even  places  as  far  away  as  San  Diego  and  the  San  Joaquin 
Valley,  came  in  for  a  share  of  advertising,  and  when  he  sold  out  Septem- 
ber 1,  1880,  to  Sweezy  &  Tibbott,  it  was  the  most  influential  pa])er  horti- 
culturally in  Southern  California  and  an  authority  on  citrus  fruits.  In 
December  of  the  same  year  Holmes  Roe  and  Pierson  became  proprietors 
of  the  paper.  On  the  death  of  Mr.  Pierson,  E.  P.  and  A.  F.  Clarke 
bought  out  his  interest  on  October  1,  1894  (Mr.  Holmes  sold  his  interest 
to  his  partners),  and  all  the  interests  were  transferred  on  May  26,  1897, 
to  an  incorporated  company  consisting  of  E.  P.  and  A.  F.  Clarke,  .A.  A. 
Piddington.  H.  H.  Monroe  and  J.  P.  Baumgartner.  When  ]Mr.  Monroe 
transferred  his  interests  to  the  Enterprise  in  1899,  H.  W.  Hammond 
bought  in.  The  Press  has  always  been  on  the  side  of  prohibition  and 
in  favor  of  good  government.  Its  history  since  has  been  the  history  of 
Riverside,  and  from  Mr.  Hornbeck  turning  the  Press  and  Mr.  Roe  doing 
the  inking  is  a  long  story  of  growth,  and  today  the  Press  is  represented 
by  a  large  and  commodious  building  on  Eighth  Street,  Near  Market, 
which  was  built  in  1902  and  been  continuously  occupied  since. 

From  the  time  that  Mr.  Hammond  bought  in  there  have  been  no 
changes  in  the  management  or  ownership  and  it  is  rather  remarkable 
that  there  have  not  been  any  and  the  pathway  has  been  steadily  up 
without  any  drawbacks.  From  a  circulation  of  from  two  or  three 
hundred,  with  only  two  men  to  run  it  and  without  any  delivery  of  the 


606         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

paper  to  subscribers,  the  change  has  been  great  and  from  local  and  edi- 
torial that  could  be  set  up  today  by  a  good  machine  typesetter  in  four 
hours  to  four  Mergenthaler  machines  seems  marvelous,  but  so  it  is. 

The  Press  is  now  delivered  to  subscribers  by  thirty  carriers,  not  only 
in  Riverside,  but  in  nearby  towns  like  Corona,  as  promptly  as  in  Riverside 
itself.  The  boy  (in  the  outlying  districts  before  street  car  accommoda- 
tions were  introduced)  on  his  pony  has  been  superceded  by  the  motor- 
cycle and  the  bicycle  and  at  times  by  the  automobile,  thirty  carriers  being 
now  employed  delivering  4,200  papers  daily,  not  to  speak  of  the  newsboy 
on  the  street.  Fifty-four  hundred  copies  daily,  gradually  increasing,  shows 
Riverside  people  to  be  a  reading  people  which  keeps  the  seventy-five 
employes  of  the  company  busy  in  ofifice  hours.  In  place  of  two  men 
working  l\v  hand  to  get  the  two  or  three  hundred  copies  off  the  press, 
electricity  does  the  work  of  a  great  number  of  men  by  hand  and  in  an 
hour  and  a  half  the  whole  issue  is  all  turned  out  neatly  folded  and  counted, 
all  ready  for  the  carrier.  Five  hundred  dollars  .represented  the  invest- 
ment of  the  first  issue  of  the  Press  and  a  rental  practically  nominal  to  a 
$35,000  building  with  thousands  of  dollars  in  stock  and  material  and  a 
business  representing  well  up  to  $200,000  per  annum  is  a  change  beyond 
the  wildest  dreamer  of  the  desert  of  fifty  years  ago,  and  the  few  pioneers 
that  are  left  sometimes  wonder  whether  it  is  all  real,  while  the  owners 
of  the  Press  wonder  where  the  rapidly  increasing  business  is  going  to 
find  opportunity  and  room  for  the  constantly  increasing  circulation. 

The  Daily  Enterprise,  the  first  daily  in  Riverside  and  printed  on  a  job 
press,  1885.  probably  in  May,  although  there  is  no  preserved  copy  of 
the  early  issues.  William  Studebaker,  still  a  resident  of  Riverside,  how- 
ever, has  in  his  possession  a  copy  of  The  Daily  Enterprise,  which  is  listed 
as  Volume  IV,  Number  16,  and  dated  Thursday,  June  23,  1887.  It  is 
printed  on  cloth,  to  be  preserved,  and  is  in  excellent  condition,  having  been 
shown  to  175  guests  at  a  dinner  in  honor  of  Frank  A.  ^Miller  at  the 
Glenwood   Mission   Inn   recently. 

The  paper  was  not  published  continuously  during  its  early  history. 
We  find  in  1885,  in  July,  The  Valley  Echo,  under  the  proprietorship  of 
The  Riverside  Printing  &  Publishing  Company,  with  J.  A.  Studebaker 
as  manager  and  with  D.  L.  Potts  and  J.  A.  Studebaker  editors.  This 
issue  calls  nttention  to  the  fact  that  the  Echo  was  established  in  August, 
1883,  and  in  1885  was  consolidated  with  the  Independent,  which  was 
established  in  July,  1884.  These  plants  that  used  to  publish  the  River- 
side Moon,  were  all  a  part  of  the  equipment  used  in  the  permanent 
re-establishment  of  the  Enterprise  in  1891  by  Mark  Plaisted. 

The  Riverside  Enterprise  has  been  published  regularly  and  continu- 
ously since  June  25,  1890.  It  was  placed  upon  a  permanent  basis  at  that 
time  by  Mark  Plaisted,  who  had  received  his  training  as  a  printer  on  the 
Riverside  Press.  In  making  his  bow  to  Riverside  he  said :  "The  River- 
side Press  does  not  launch  its  barque  upon  the  journalistic  sea  of  this  city 
today  to  'fill  a  long  felt  want.'  Its  predecessor,  The  Moon,  accomplished 
that  wonderful  feat  and  expired  some  time  ago."  The  new  publication 
acknowledged  its  predecessors,  however,  by  making  its  1890  volume 
Number  10. 

The  plant  for  the  Enterprise  was  purchased  by  Plaisted  from  Brad- 
ford Morse,  who  had  been  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  assessor.  It  was 
located  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Eighth  and  Orange  streets,  where 
Campell's  news  stand  is  now  located  (1922).  It  was  a  six-column  quarto, 
published  every  Wednesday.  On  September  10th  of  the  same  year  it 
was  enlarged  to  a  seven-quarto  and  on  October  4th  became  a  semi- 
weekly,   being  printed  on   Wednesdays   and    Saturdays.     Early   in   the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        607 

following  year  the  Morning  Enterprise,  published  every  day  in  the  year, 
with  the  exception  of  Mondays,  was  inaugurated,  being  a  five-column 
quarto,  with  a  subscription  price  estabHshed  at  $6.00.  On  Sundays  it 
was  enlarged  to  a  seven-column  quarto.  The  size  soon  increased  to  six 
columns  on  week  days,  and  on  October  11th  it  became  a  seven-column 
paper  for  each  issue.  On  October  15,  1893,  the  Sunday  issues  were 
increased  to  eight  columns,  and  by  March  4th  every  day's  issue  was  eight 
columns  in  size. 

The  management  of  Plaisted  continued  until  1899.  During  April  of 
that  year  the  office  was  moved  across  the  street  to  the  building  now  occu- 
pied by  Porter's  Pharmacy.  During  the  Spanish-American  war  the  Asso- 
ciated Press  service  had  been  installed  and  proved  to  be  a  successful 
feature  during  those  stirring  times.  It  was  at  this  time  that  H.  H.  Mon- 
roe and  C.  W.  Barton  organized  a  partnership  and  purchased  the 
property. 

In  October,  1901,  the  Enterprise  Company  was  formed,  the  first  issue 
under  the  company  management  being  published  on  October  27,  1901. 
Monroe  &  Barton  continued  in  control,  but  on  October  27th  a  change 
was  made  when  the  democratic  faith  of  the  paper  was  discarded.  P.  S. 
Castleman,  who  had  been  employed  on  the  Riverside  Press  as  associate 
editor  and  business  manager  for  a  year  and  a  half,  became  a  member  of 
the  firm  and  the  paper  was  used  to  further  the  candidacy  of  Capt.  M.  J. 
Daniels  for  Congress.  It  was  not  only  changed  to  a  republican  paper,  but 
entered  the  evening  field.     In  December  it  became  a  seven-column  quarto. 

The  change  in  time  of  publication  and  politics  proved  to  be  an  unsuc- 
cessful change.  H.  H.  Alonroe  again  secured  control  of  the  paper, 
changed  it  back  into  the  morning  field  and  it  resumed  its  healthy  appear- 
ance with  a  fine  advertising  patronage,  friendly  relations  being  estab- 
lished with  its  competitor. 

The  burden  became  rather  strenuous  and  Mr.  Monroe  disposed  of 
half  of  his  holdings  to  Gorham  L.  Olds,  an  experienced  newspaper  man 
who  came  on  from  New  York  State  with  the  recommendation  of  Gaylor 
Rouse.  From  the  old  quarters  on  Eighth  Street  it  was  moved  to  a 
building  erected  for  the  plant  on  Main  Street,  adjoining  what  is  now 
the  Hotel  Reynolds  Block,  with  a  long  term  lease.  In  1907  the  news- 
paper was  sold  to  a  syndicate  of  business  men.  including  George  Frost, 
George  N.  Reynolds,  F.  A.  Miller  and  others,  with  C.  W.  Barton  returned 
to  editorial  control,  one  of  the  purposes  being  to  defeat  the  new  city 
charter,  which  was  carried,  however.  Shortly  after  this  change,  the 
present  home  of  the  Enterprise  was  built  for  it  at  580  Main  Street.  The 
change  of  the  paper  to  the  evening  field  at  this  time  as  the  Evening  Mis- 
sion was  soon  found  to  be  impractical. 

On  April  15th  the  present  company,  The  Mission  Publishing  Com- 
pany, was  formed,  taking  over  the  interests  of  the  former  Enterprise 
Company.  On  May  10,  1910,  Edgar  Johnson,  editor  of  the  Fullerton 
Tribune,  purchased  the  interests  of  Mr.  Barton  and  returned  the  paper 
to  its  maiden  name  and  the  morning  field.  A.  R.  Pelton  became  asso- 
ciated with  John  as  business  manager  July  19,  1910.  H.  H.  Monroe  was 
a  silent  partner  during  this  period  and  continued  to  hold  more  or  less 
interest  until  1912. 

On  November  23,  1911,  Frederick  O'Brien,  a  brilliant  writer  and 
author,  gained  control  of  the  Enterprise,  with  the  financial  backing  of 
James  Mills,  and  conducted  it  until  October  1,  1912,  at  which  time  O'Brien 
exchanged  his  interests  for  the  evening  Courier  at  Oxnard,  California, 
J.  R.  Gabbert,  who  was  founder  of  the  daily  Courier,  securing  the  Enter- 
prise control,  which  he  has  retained  until  this  time. 


608        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

In  1913  Gabbert  purchased  the  Wayside  Press,  a  job  printing  plant, 
and  installed  it  in  connection  with  the  newspaper  plant.  That  depart- 
ment has  grown  as  fast  as  the  Enterprise  in  recent  years  and  has  spread 
into  the  second  story  of  the  Riverside  Water  Company's  building  as  a 
result  of  the  purchase  of  the  Glass  Book  Binding  Company's  plant  of 
Los  Angeles  for  special  ruling  and  book  binding. 

In  the  spring  of  1916  the  Enterprise  again  resumed  the  morning 
field,  where  it  has  always  been  more  successful  than  as  an  evening  news- 
paper. On  October  1,  1918,  the  Enterprise  became  the  first  seven-day 
newspaper  in  Riverside  County,  being  published  every  day  in  the  year 
at  this  time  with  Associated  Press  dispatches. 

California  Citrograph  Established  in  Riverside.  A  monthly 
citrus  publication,  which  has  developed  into  considerable  prominence,  is 
the  California  Citrograph,  which  was  established  by  J.  R.  Gabbert,  editor 
of  the  Riverside  Enterprise,  in  August,  1914.  It  was  printed  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  in  the  office  of  the  Riverside  Enterprise,  being  incorporated 
as  the  California  Citrograph  Publishing  Company  in  1915. 

In  1918  the  California  Citrograph  was  made  the  official  publication  for 
the  California  Fruit  Growers'  Exchange  and  continues  to  be  sent  to  all  of 
its  members.  On  account  of  this  change,  it  was  found  necessary  to  move 
it  to  Los  Angeles,  E.  A.  Street,  who  had  been  its  manager  since  1915, 
taking  over  the  editorial  responsibility  as  well  as  the  business  management. 

D.  C.  Fessenden,  a  native  son  of  Riverside,  was  editor  of  the  Citro- 
graph from  1915  to  1917,  when  he  took  a  position  as  secretary  of  the 
state  horticultural  commissioner,  G.  C.  Hecke.  In  1922  J.  R.  Gabbert  is 
still  president  of  the  company  and  E.  A.  Street  is  secretary-treasurer. 


CHAPTER  XXXIII 
FRATERNAL  ORGANIZATIONS 

Riverside  is  well  provided  with  fraternal  and  secret  organizations. 
The  Odd  Fellows  were  the  first  to  make  a  move  in  the  line  of  organiza- 
tion, but  were  prevented  on  account  of  the  lack  of  any  hall  fitted  for 
the  purpose.  Along  in  1878  when  Riverside  began  to  have  some  decidu- 
ous fruit  and  some  of  the  older  orange  trees  to  bear,  the  Southern 
California  Horticultural  Society  had  a  fair  and  exhibit  of  general 
produce.  It  set  the  people  of  Riverside  to  thinking  that  it  would  be  a 
good  thing  for  Riverside  to  have  it  citrus  fair  in  the  spring  of  1879,  but 
there  was  no  place  big  enough  to  hold  one  in,  and  so  a  Public  Hall  Asso- 
ciation was  formed  to  build  a  hall  to  be  ready  in  time  to  hold  a  citrus 
fair  at  a  time  when  oranges  were  ripening,  and  in  accordance  with  plans 
put  forth,  a  lot  was  procured  on  the  corner  of  Ninth  and  Main  streets, 
and  a  brick  building  was  proj^osed  to  be  put  up  about  35  by  75  feet, 
to  be  in  large  part  built  by  labor,  for  which  stock  in  the  hall  was  given 
in  payment  for  that  and  other  things.  An  arrangement  was  made  with 
the  Hall  Association  by  which  the  Odd  Fellows  were  to  put  one  story  on 
the  hall,  and  build  in  conjunction  with  the  fruit  growers,  the  upper  story 
to  be  owned  by  the  Odd  Fellows.  E.  J.  Davis,  one  of  the  early  pioneers 
and  B.  D.  Burt,  a  somewhat  later  comer,  were  the  prime  leaders  in  this 
movement.  The  building  was  far  enough  advanced  to  be  used  for  the 
first  citrus  fair  in  February,  1878.  and  was  finished  so  that  the  Odd  Fel- 
lows organized  a  lodge  on  April  26,  1879. 

B.  D.  Burt  was  elected  N.  G.  E.,  W.  Holmes.  V.  G.  and  E.  Rosenthal. 
Sec.  Of  the  original  thirteen  charter  members,  all  but  E.  J.  Davis  and 
N.  A.  Stiffler  have  passed  over  to  the  great  beyond,  and  these  two  do 
not  now  reside  in  Riverside. 

Seven  years  later  as  the  hall,  as  built  was  not  large  enough,  the  Odd 
Fellows  bought  the  whole  building,  and  by  taking  in  Public  Hall  stock 
from  those  who  had  it,  by  way  of  paying  for  membership  fees  in  the 
Odd  Fellows  Society,  they  got  a  larger  membership  and  by  paying  others 
money  they  got  full  ownership  of  the  hall,  but  it  took  some  years  to  get 
all  of  the  stock,  as  some  who  had  stock  had  moved  away  and  could  not 
be  found.  When  they  had  full  ownership,  the  Odd  Fellows  proceeded 
to  enlarge  the  building  by  extending  its  length  about  double  and  putting 
another  story  on  top  at  a  cost  of  over  $20,000,  and  now  they  have  one 
of  the  best  and  most  valuable  properties  in  the  city,  and  its  present  mem- 
bership of  over  700  makes  it  about  the  largest  in  the  State  and  the  society 
is  in  a  verv  flourishing  state.  The  lodge  is  known  as  Riverside  Lodge 
No.  282. 

There  are  other  organized  bodies  in  connection  as  follows: 

"Star  Encampment   No.   7i." 

"Riverside  Canton  No.  25." 

"Poinsettia   Rebekah   Lodge   No.   308." 

"Ramona  Rebekah  Lodge  No.  156." 

Which  all  hold  stated  meetings  at  the  Hall,  730  West  Ninth  Street. 

Masonic.  Early  in  the  history  of  Riverside,  the  Masons  began  to 
feel  the  need  of  an  organization.  Some  of  the  early  settlers  affiliated 
with  the  lodge  in  San  Bernardino  which  was  the  county  seat. 

Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was  instituted  under  the  dis- 
pensation from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  California  on  the  12th  of  November, 
1879,  and  chartered  in  April,  1880.     Wm.  Craig  was  the  first  W.  M. 
609 


610         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Under  the  charter  there  were  24  members  all  of  whom  are  dead  with 
the  exception  of  E.  J.  Davis  and  B.  F.  Allen.  The  lodge  is  in  a  very 
flourishing  condition  with  a  membership  of  400. 

For  many  years  they  met  in  the  Odd  Fellows  building  and  then  to 
the  Castleman  Building  on  the  site  of  the  present  Citizens'  National  Bank 
Building,  but  on  the  8th  of  December,  1908,  they  moved  into  a  temple  of 
their  own  on  Eleventh  Street  near  Main  Street.  It  is  a  magnificant  build- 
ing and  commodious  and  cost  about  $28,000. 

Meeting  in  the  same  building  are  the  Riverside  Commandery  No.  67, 
R.  A.  M.,  with  a  membership  of  167,  organized  May  7,  1886. 

Riverside  Commandery  No.  28  Knights  Templar  with  a  membership 
of  140. 

Ungava  Chapter  No.  106  Eastern  Star,  membership  300  organized 
in  1890. 

There  is  also  in  connection,  an  order  known  as  the  Shriners,  which 
appears  to  be  more  of  a  social  institution,  but  stands  high  financially 
and  otherwise,  and  is  noted  all  over  the  country. 

The  Knights  of  Pythias  have  also  a  strong  and  well  drilled  body, 
organized  in  1885.  The  Riverside  branch  had  the  credit  of  being  the  best 
drilled  in  the   State. 

Hardly  any  of  the  original  members  of  these  organizations  are  now 
alive,  but  their  successors  seem  able  to  keep  them  up  to  a  high  state  of 
efficiency. 

The  Knights  of  Columbus  have  a  very  strong  and  flourishing  society, 
but  as  they  seem  to  be  more  strictly  secret  than  some  of  the  other  secret 
orders  it  is  difficult  to  get  any  reliable  information  about  them. 

They  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  great  war,  for  which  they  had  a 
very  large  appropriation  from  their  funds. 

The  Elks.  The  Elks  is  one  of  the  later  organizations  among  the 
secret  and  benevolent  organizations  of  Riverside,  and  one  of  the  three 
that  owns  its  own  lodge  building. 

The  lodge  was  instituted  on  February  4,  1901,  and  has  a  membership 
of  700,  composed  of  some  of  the  Best  People  of  Riverside. 

Lodge  No.  643  has  a  very  fine  building  on  the  corner  of  Main  and 
Eleventh  streets,  built  originally  by  the  Women's  Club  at  a  cost  of  over 
$20,000  and  looks  with  its  ivy  covered  walls  a  very  venerable  building. 

County  Auditor  Chas.  O.  Reid  is  present  head  of  the  organization 
which  has  had  as  its  leaders  some  of  the  prominent  society  men  of  River- 
side. 

Socially  the  Elks  occupy  a  prominent  position  in  the  daily  life  of 
Riverside,  and  while  ministering  to  some  of  the  necessities  of  its  people, 
seem  to  derive  a  great  deal  out  of  life. 

Other  Organizations.  Prominent  among  the  many  benevolent 
orders  in  Riverside  none  seem  to  occupy  a  greater  place  than  the  Wood- 
men of  the  World,  but  possibly  the  Fraternal  Brotherhood  is  fully  as 
prominent,  and  as  they  admit  women  as  well  as  men,  they  take  perhaps 
a  more  useful  place  in  the  daily  life  of  the  community.  How  many  deaths 
we  hear  of  every  day  in  which  the  only  thing  left  for  the  support  of  those 
who  are  left  is  the  insurance,  and  so  from  that  standpoint  if  from  no 
other,  they  are  worthy  of  all  praise,  but  the  social  brotherly,  friendly 
features  of  all  of  them  are  beyond  all  praise,  not  only  from  their  bene- 
ficiaries, but  from  the  acquaintances  formed  and  the  brotherhood  feeling 
that  is  spread  throughout  the  community? 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        611 

Tbere  are  so  many  organizations  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  enumer- 
ate them  all,  even  if  it  was  possible  for  an  outsider  to  get  exact  and 
reliable  information  as  to  their  inner  workings.  Some  appear  to  be 
purely  social,  while  others  like  the  Sons  of  St.  George  and  the  Cale- 
donians, enjoy  at  times  at  their  meetings  a  whiff,  as  it  were,  of  the  old 
country  which  makes  them  none  the  less  loyal  to  their  adopted  country. 
Some  of  the  clubs  comprise  more  of  the  out-door  and  athletic,  but  all 
have  the  general  idea  running  through  them  to  promote  good  citizenship. 

Peter  Milliken  was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York  on  February 
8,  1849,  of  Scotch  parents,  his  father  being  a  shipbuilder  and  a  great 
traveler.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  New  York,  attended 
a  business  college,  graduated  from  the  grammar  school,  was  admitted  on 
examination  to  the  college  of  the  City  of  New  York,  took  a  five  years' 
course  including  Latin,  Greek  and  French  and  graduated  in  1868  with 
the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  He  delivered  the  third  honorary  oration 
in  the  Academy  of  Music  on  Commencement  Day  and  was  awarded  first 
prize  in  deportment   and  second  prize  in  mathematics. 

After  spending  the  summer  near  Flushing,  Long  Island,  as  private 
tutor,  he  left  for  San  Francisco,  Calif.,  via  Panama  arriving  October 
25,  1868. 

Mr.  Milliken  soon  secured  employment  as  tutor  in  mathematics  in 
Union  College  (an  Espicopal  School)  and  also  as  principal  teacher  in 
the  large  evening  school  of  the  Presbyterian  Chinese  Mission,  San  Fran- 
cisco under  charge  of  Rev.  A.  W.  Loomis,  D.D. 

Dr.  Loomis  and  Mr.  Milliken  were  authors  of  a  book  to  teach  the 
Chinese  English.  It  was  profusely  illustrated  with  pictures,  the  Chinese 
and  English  texts  being  placed  side  by  side.  Mr.  Milliken  had  a  half 
interest  in  the  book,  which  was  duly  published  and  used  in  the  school. 
The  American  Tract  Society  of  New  York  bought  the  manuscript,  pub- 
lished the  book  and  copyrighted  it  in  1872. 

While  teaching  the  evening  school  Mr.  Milliken  had  entered  the 
employ  of  the  L.  P.  Pisher  Newspaper  Advertising  Agency  as  accountant, 
and  later  accepted  an  ofifer  to  enter  the  employ  of  the  San  Francisco 
Bulletin.  After  many  years  he  left  the  Bulletin  to  become  business  man- 
ager of  the  Evening  Post,  having  accepted  the  offer  of  Col.  Jackson, 
agent  of  Senator  Jones  of  Nevada,  the  owner.  Until  that  time  Henry 
George,  the  famous  apostle  of  the  Single  Tax,  had  been  the  editor. 

In  December,  1877,  Mr.  Milliken  was  married  to  Mary  Julia  Halsey, 
a  native  of  San  Francisco,  and  daughter  of  Judge  Halsey  of  the  Superior 
Court.     No  children  have  been  born  to  them. 

All  his  hfe  Air.  Milliken  has  taken  great  interest  in  fraternal  organiza- 
tions. He  was  Master  of  Oriental  Lodge  of  Masons,  San  Francisco 
in  1885,  and  became  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  He  was  also  Past 
Sachem  of  Pocahontas  Tribe,  Imp'd  O.  of  Red  Men,  and  member  of  the 
Great  Council  of  the  State  and  of  Ivy  Chapter  O.  E.  S. 

In  San  Francisco  Mr.  Milliken  had  invested  his  savings  in  vacant  town 
lots,  which  he  sold  to  invest  in  farm  land  in  NN'inchester  and  Diamond 
Valley,  then  in  San  Diego  County.  In  1889  he  decided  to  retire  from 
the  newspaper  business  and  remove  to  his  home  which  he  had  erected  on 
his  farm  at  Winchester.  He  at  once  took  an  active  interest  in  public 
afTairs  and  was  urged  to  run  for  the  legislature,  but  declined  in  favor  of 
Mr.  Casterline,  who  was  duly  elected. 

When  the  legislature  met,  the  bill  to  organize  Riverside  County  was 
introduced.     Mr.  Milliken  entered  heart  and  soul  into  the  fight,  canvassed 


612         SAN  BEFNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

his  district,  spoke  at  public  meetings,  including  a  large  mass  meeting  in 
the  Loring  Theatre,  Riverside. 

He  was  elected  justice  of  the  peace  of  Diamond  Township.  Then 
he  was  Deputy  County  Assessor  for  Assessor  Jarvis.  .\t  the  next  elec- 
tion he  was  urged  to  run  for  County  Assessor  which  he  declined. 

At  Winchester  he  helped  to  organize  the  San  Jacinto  and  Pleasant 
Valley  Irrigation  District,  was  offered  the  position  of  chairman  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  which  he  declined  in  favor  of  Hon.  \Vm.  Casterline. 
Later  Mr.  Milliken  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  succeeding  board,  the 
Hon.  F.  T.  Lindenberger  as  secretary,  and  was  also  made  superintend- 
ent of  the  Irrigation  system.  He  was  also  director  of  the  Florida  Water 
Co.  of  Valla  Vista,  most  of  the  water  stock  being  owned  by  the  irrigation 
district. 

Toward  the  close  of  1899  Mr.  Milliken  decided  to  quit  grain  growing, 
which  had  been  unprofitable,  and  reenter  the  newspaper  field.  He  there- 
fore purchased  the  Hemet  News  from  the  owner,  Mrs  Emma  Kerr,  and 
moved  his  family  and  household  goods  to  that  town.  The  paper  had  a 
remarkable  growth  in  advertising,  circulation  and  prestige.  Hemet  grew 
rapidly  in  population  and  wealth.  Mr.  Milliken  led  a  strenuous  life.  He 
was  member  of  the  Republi.can  County  Central  Committee,  also  of  the 
Executive  Committee,  presided  at  two  Republican  County  Conventions 
in  the  Loring  Opera  House,  Riverside,  was  secretary  of  the  District  Sena- 
torial Convention  which  met  at  Orange  when  Senator  Caldwell  was  candi- 
date for  re-election,  was  a  member  of  the  Congressional  Convention  at 
Hotel  Coronado  during  Congressman  Needle's  time,  a  member  of  the 
Republican  State  Convention  in  San  Francisco  the  year  Cov.  Johnson  was 
nominated,  etc. 

Mr.  Milliken  was  foreman  of  two  grand  juries  and  secretary  of 
another,  and  he  wrote  two  grand  jury  reports.  He  delivered  the  oration 
to  the  public  at  the  laying  of  the  corner  stone  of  the  new  county  court 
house  at  Riverside  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons,  having  been  appointed 
to  that  honor  by  the  board  of  supervisors. 

When  Imperial  County  was  being  formed  by  appointment  of  the 
board  of  supervisors,  he  went  to  San  Diego  with  Pliny  Evans  to  prevent 
the  partition  of  Riverside  County. 

He  is  charter  member  of  the  Royal  Arch  Chapter  of  Masons  of  San 
Jacinto — he  became  charter  member.  Past  Noble  Grand  and  delegate  to 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Hemet  Odd  Fellows.  He  also  joined  the  Rebecca 
Lodge  and  served  as  chaplain  of  the  Maccabees. 

Mr.  Milliken  helped  to  organize  the  Mission  of  the  Good  Shepherd 
(Episcopal)  and  to  build  the  beautiful  new  church  in  Hemet.  He  also 
served  as  warden. 

While  in  Hemet  he  started  the  Ferris  Progress  and  in  course  of  time, 
H.  M.  Harford,  a  prominent  citizen  consented  to  become  editor  and  busi- 
ness manager.  The  paper  was  a  success,  but  the  time  came  when  Mr. 
Harford  had  too  much  other  important  business  to  attend  to,  and  desired 
to  retire  from  the  management.  Mr.  Milliken  had  a  good  cash  oiifer 
for  the  Hemet  News  from  Mr.  Wall,  an  experienced  journalist.  The 
offer  was  accepted  and  Mr.  Milliken  moved  to  Perris  to  edit  and  manage 
the  Perris  Progress.  He  soon  joined  the  Perris  Masonic  Lodge  and 
the  Knights  of  Pythias.  Of  the  latter  lodges  he  became  chancellor  com- 
mander and  delegate  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  attending  the  annual  meeting 
in  Redding,  Calif. 

He  served  two  years  as  president  of  the  Perris  Chamber  of  Commerce. 
During  the  period  of  growth  and  optimism,  Perris  secured  a  new  water 
.system  and  cement   sidewalks,   fine  new  grammar  school,  brick   stores, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        613 

numerous  modern  homes,  etc.  While  in  Perris,  Mr.  Milliken  was  urged 
by  former  Supervisor  Crane  to  purchase  the  Lake  Elsinore  Valley  Press. 
He  did  so  and  engaged  Mr.  Taylor,  city  treasurer  of  Hemet,  a  very  cap- 
able and  industrious  printer  and  writer,  and  employe  of  the  Hemet 
News,  to  run  the  paper,  at  the  same  time  selling  him  a  half  interest. 
In  about  two  years  Mr.  Taylor  moved  with  his  family  to  Orange,  having 
purchased  a  paper  there.  Mr.  Milliken  moved  his  family  and  household 
goods  to  Elsinore  and  proceeded  to  edit  and  publish  the  paper.  H.  T. 
Bott,  a  capable,  artistic  and  industrious  printer  of  Riverside  bought  a 
small  interest  and  moved  to  Elsinore  to  manage  the  mechanical  depart- 
ment of  the  newspaper  and  job  plant. 

In  Elsinore  Mr.  Milliken  was  director  of -the  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
worked  for  the  splendid  new  street  improvements,  was  interested  in  the 
fraternal  organizations,  etc.,  and  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Republican 
County  Centra!  Committee.  He  helped  to  organize  the  Episcopal  Mis- 
sion at  Elsinore  and  served  as  warden.  Through  State  Senator,  S.  C. 
Evans,  he  had  been  appointed  speaker  for  the  U.  S.  Governinent  for  the 
war  for  Perris,  but  could  not  serve  owing  to  his  removal  from  Perris. 

After  a  busy  life  of  over  thirty  years  in  Riverside  County  he  wished 
to  retire  from  the  business,  and  the  cash  offer  of  W.  J.  Sergei  (secretary 
of  the  Elsinore  Chamber  of  Commerce)  for  the  Lake  Elsinore  Valley 
Press,  was  accepted  and  the  firm  dissolved.  The  Perris  Progress  having 
been  leased  for  a  term  of  years,  Mr.  Milliken  and  wife  proceeded  to 
Pasadena  to  rebuild,  enlarge  and  improve  a  city  property  he  has  owned 
for  many  years,  but  hopes  to  return  to  Riverside  County,  as  he  still  has 
interests  at  Perris  and  Hemet. 

He  greatly  appreciates  the  good  will  and  friendship  of  many  prominent 
citizens  of  Hemet,  Perris,  San  Jacinto  and  Elsinore,  not  forgetting  the 
beautiful  City  of  Riverside  where  so  many  good  and  prominent  citizens 
have  extended  the  glad  hand  and  words  of  appreciation  for  the  last  thirty 
years. 

For  many  years  Mr.  Milliken  has  been  member  of  the  Riverside  Com- 
mandery  of  Knights  Templar,  also  of  the  lodge  of  the  Benevolent  and 
Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  still  a  member  of  the  Southern  Cali- 
fornia and  State  Editorial  Associations  of  California  of  Malaikah 
Temple,  Los  Angeles,  Nobles  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  and  of  the  Asso- 
ciated Alumni  College  of  the  City  of  New  York. 

E.  J-  Davis.  Among  the  early  settlers  whose  name  is  now  almost 
unknown,  none  were  more  enterprising  than  E.  J.  Davis.  Coming  in 
1872  he  bought  the  block  of  two  and  a  half  acres,  now  occupied  by  the 
Reynolds  Hotel,  and  built  his  home  where  he  lived  as  long  as  he  lived  in 
Riverside.  He  also,  through  his  partner  (who  died  shortly  after)  suc- 
ceeded to,  and  bought  the  block  between  Main  and  Orange  streets  and 
Seventh  and  Eighth  streets.  From  1872  to  1886  Mr.  Davis  was  one  of 
the  most  active  men  in  Riverside,  being  a  contractor  and  builder,  and 
doing  lots  of  work  on  the  older  buildings  long  since  replaced  by  modern 
'  structures. 

In  the  absence  of  any  very  commodious  hotel  in  Riverside  in  1886 
he  started,  and  put  up  what  is  now  known  as  the  Reynolds  Hotel,  between 
Main  and  Orange  and  Ninth  and  Tenth  streets,  fronting  on  Main.  It 
had  a  frontage  of  183  feet  on  Main  Street  and  100  feet  on  Ninth.  It 
was  a  three  story  brick  building,  the  lower  story  being  devoted  to  stores. 
It  was  one  of  the  best  appointed  hotels  of  its  time.  For  some  years  it 
was  rented,  then  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davis  run  it  as  a  hotel  themselves.     The 


614        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

upper  story  contained  eighty-four  rooms.  The  kitchen  was  entirely  sepa- 
rated from  the  hotel  proper. 

Mr.  Davis  married  in  1876,  Miss  Grace  Cunningham,  a  native  of  Nova 
Scotia.  There  are  two  boys  surviving  the  marriage.  Mr.  Davis  was 
prominent  among  the  Masons  and  Odd  Fellows,  and  was  one  of  the  lead- 
ers in  building  the  first  part  of  the  original  Odd  Fellows  building. 

Mr.  Davis  was  born  in  England  in  1844  and  grew  to  manhood  there, 
coming  to  the  United  States  in  1868.  His  wife  died  a  good  many  years 
ago  and  now  he  makes  his  home  with  his  sons. 

T.  J.  Wood  was  the  first  settler  in  Riverside  (who  did  not  belong 
to  the  founders)  to  come  here  and  build  a  home.  He  was  living  in  San 
Bernardino  at  the  time  of  the  founding  of  the  colony,  and  on  hearing  of 
what  was  proposed  to  be  done,  he  came  over  and  was,  in  reality,  the  first 
outsider  to  come  and  bring  his  family  which  was  October  28,  1870.  He 
built  his  residence  on  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Vine  streets.  Mrs.  Wood 
was  the  first  white  woman  to  reside  in  Riverside  and  her  advent  was  met 
with  a  public  reception  and  speeches  of  welcome,  which  in  glowing  terms, 
depicted  the  future  of  the  colony.  Rev.  Mr.  Higbie,  one  of  the  surveyors 
engaged  in  platting  and  laying  out  the  colony  said  that  "within  fifteen 
years  the  iron  horse  will  be  plowing  through  the  valley  and  Riverside 
will  be  furnishing  the  eastern  states  with  oranges"  a  prophecy  which 
was  literally  fulfilled.  Mr.  Wood  took  an  early  and  active  part  in  school 
matters,  but  as  a  citizen  and  as  a  school  trustee  bein^  first  appointed 
by  the  board  of  supervisors  and  afterward  by  election.  Being  among  the 
first  carpenters,  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  erection  of  dwellings  and 
also  in  the  construction  of  the  canal. 

He  also  acquired  property  on  Orange  Street,  and  on  that  erected  a 
fine  three-story  brick  apartment  house  between  Seventh  and  Eighth  streets 
During  his  residence  in  Riverside,  he  took  an  active  part  with  the  Odd 
Fellows.  He  was  born  in  South  Carolina  in  1830  and  at  his  death  left 
a  widow  and  three  children. 


CHAPTER  XXXIV 

BUSINESS  AND  OTHER  ORGANIZATIONS 

Riverside  has  never  been  as  well  served  by  live,  well  financed  bank- 
ing institutions  as  now.  There  are  two  national  banks,  the  Citizens' 
National  and  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside,  and  there  are  two  state 
banks,  the  Security  Savings  Bank,  which  is  owned  by  the  stockholders 
of  the  Citizens'  National,'  and  has  a  commercial  department,  and  the 
Hellman  Commercial  Trust  &  Savings  Bank,  a  branch  of  the  Los 
Angeles  bank  of  that  name. 

All  of  these  banks  are  officered  by  men  of  exceptional  ability  and 
standing,  whose  names  mean  much  in  the  financial  circles  of  Southern 
California  and  particularly  in  the  upbuilding  of  the  city  and  county  of 
Riverside. 

The  directing  influence  in  the  Citizens'  National  and  the  Security 
Savings  Bank,  including  their  branch  in  Arlington,  is  W.  B.  Clancy, 
who  entered  the  Citizens'  Bank  when  it  was  organized  and  has  been  one 
of  its  dominant  personalities  from  that  time  through  its  remarkable 
history  of  growth  and  prosperity. 

The  National  Bank  of  Riverside  has  as  its  president  a  young  business 
man  who  made  a  financial  success  of  the  contracting  business  in  River- 
side and  has  stepped  readily  into  this  bank — William  A.  Johnson. 

It  was  with  considerable  interest  that  the  people  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia heard  less  than  a  year  ago  of  the  entrance  of  the  Hellman  fam- 
ily, well  known  bankers,  into  this  field  by  the  purchase  of  the  People's 
Trust  &  Savings  Bank.  The  management  of  the  institution  Vv-as  placed 
in  the  hands  of  R.  L.  Webster,  who  came  here  from  Spokane,  Wash- 
ington, where  he  had  enjoyed  a  successful  banking  career  of  many  years. 
He  has  fitted  readily  into  Riverside  financial  and  business  life  and  is 
recognized  as  a  banker  of  sound  judgment  and  substantiality.  The 
fact  that  the  institution  has  behind  it  the  great  resources  of  the  Hell- 
mans  has  resulted  in  a  steady  growth  in  its  business. 

The  banks  are  all  officered  by  well  known  citizens  and  business  men, 
the  Citizens'  National  Bank  and  the  Security  Savings  Bank  being  largely 
directed  by  S.  L.  Herrick,  who  has  been  a  leading  operator  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Citizens'  National  Bank,  and,  being  a  large  orange  grower, 
gives  him  the  confidence  of  the  patrons  of  the  bank. 

W.  G.  Eraser,  president  of  the  Security  Savings  Bank,  is  well  and 
favorably  known  from  his  lengthy  connection  with  the  trust  company 
under  the  Gage  Canal  system. 

The  National  Bank  is  conducted  by  well  known  financiers  and  busi- 
ness men  while  the  Hellman  Commercial  Trust  &  Savings  Bank,  which 
is  one  of  the  Hellman  chain  of  banks  of  Southern  California,  with  its 
great  resources,  gives  the  other  banks  greater  confidence  and  support 
than  ever. 

Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce.  Riverside  has  had  its  Chamber 
of  Commerce  so  long  that  it  has  existed  almost  beyond  the  memory  of 
the  "oldest  inhabitants."  At  fir.st  it  took  hold  in  a  very  modest  way 
and  the  annual  dues  were  comparatively  low  and  those  who  took  an 
active  interest  in  its  workings  had  but  little  time  to  devote  to  its  inter- 
ests and  duties.  But  it  has  grown  in  its  activities  in  every  direction 
until  it  is  an  every-day  matter,  and  not  only  that,  every  little  settlement 
615 


616        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  town  has  its  Chamber  of  Commerce  looking  to  every  thing  that  will 
promote  local  interests  in  every  possible  way  and  when  occasion  requires 
we  have  a  grand  county  meeting  of  associated  chambers  of  commerce 
or  maybe  action  on  extraordinary  occasion  of  the  whole  of  Southern 
California. 

When  we  read  in  the  daily  papers  that  on  one  train  of  three  sections 
in  one  day  2,100  people  arrive  in  Los  Angeles  and  that  60  per  cent  of 
them  came  to  make  their  homes  in  Southern  California,  we  can  see  that 
there  is  work  all  over  Southern  California  for  all  the  chambers  of 
commerce  to  place  these  people  in  such  surroundings  as  may  be  con- 
genial to  them,  and,  further,  when  we  know  that  with  these  people  we 
are  getting  the  "cream  of  every  State  in  the  Union"  and  that  it  is  the 
type  of  men  and  women  that  are  here  that  are  mainly  instrumental  in 
doing  it  we  begin  to  see  what  is  ahead  of  our  chambers  of  commerce. 

But  let  our  Chamber  of  Commerce  speak  for  itself  through  its 
secretary : 

"The  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  is  a  voluntary  association  of 
men  and  women,  interested  in  the  development  of  Riverside  in  economics, 
civic  and  social  ways.  Its  interests  are  not  confined  to  the  limits  of 
Riverside  but  extend  throughout  the  county.  Primarily  a  business 
organization,  it  recognizes  that  today  as  never  before  civic  and  social 
matters  are  inextricably  interwoven  with  business  affairs  and  that  in 
order  to  provide  for  a  well  balanced  community  all  three  phases  of  the 
city's  life  must  be  made  to  progress  uniformly. 

"Aside  from  the  usual  routine  of  Chamber  of  Commterce  work, 
which,  while  quietly  and  unobtrusively  done,  is  of  tremendous  impor- 
tance to  the  community,  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  has  the 
following  accomplishments  to  its  credit :  The  locating  of  the  Citrus 
Experiment  Station  and  School  of  Sub-Tropical  Agriculture,  a  branch 
of  the  University  of  CaHfornia,  at  Riverside;  the  establishment  by  the 
United  States  \\'ar  Department  of  an  army  flying  field  at  March  Field, 
near  Riverside ;  the  purchase  of  a  site  for  a  school  of  agriculture,  a 
branch  of  the  University  of  California  at  Riverside.  The  Chamber  of 
Commerce  assisted  materially  in  the  establishment  and  development  of 
the   Southern   California  Fair. 

"Consistently  striving  for  those  things  which  are  in  strict  accordance 
with  American  ideals  of  government  and  business  affairs,  the  Riverside 
Chamber  of  Commerce  stands  today  as  it  has  stood  for  thirty  years, 
the  leading  organization  in  the  City  of  Riverside,  with  the  welfare  of 
Riverside  as   its  one  great  purpose. 

"Irwin  Hayden, 

"Managing  Secretary." 

Riverside  Municipal  Electric  Light  and  Power  System.  (By 
Horace  Porter,  Ex-Mayor  of  Riverside.)  The  founders  of  Riverside 
were  thoroughly  progressive  men  and  women.  Tliey  built  tlie  first  city  in 
history  founded  on  horticulture  alone  in  a  desert.  They  first  formulated 
the  principle  that  in  a  desert  country  the  land  shall  own  the  water  that 
is  used  to  irrigate  it.  Led  by  a  woman,  they  pioneered  the  introduction 
and  culture  of  the  famous  navel  orange. 

This  same  progressive  spirit  led  the  people  of  Riverside  to  begin  to 
Hght  their  then  desert  village  by  electricity,  as  early  as  1886,  or  at  least 
to  take  the  first  steps  toward  electric  lighting.  Mr.  O.  T.  Dyer  and 
others  petitioned  the  authorities,  in  May,  1886,  to  co-operate  with  certain 
private  individuals  for  electric  lighting  of  Riverside.  The  use  of  elec- 
tricity for  power,  now  so  essential  and  so  greatly  used  for  irrigation  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        617 

all  industrial  purposes,  was  then  not  even  thought  of.  But  so  rapidly  was 
the  use  of  electricity  being  developed,  that  it  was  only  two  years  later,  or 
on  March  12  1888,  that  Ordinance  No.  89,  was  adopted,  granting  a 
franchise  to  an  "Electric  Light  and  Power  Company,"  to  operate  in 
Riverside. 

But  the  high  cost  of  electrical  service  thus  provided  led  the  people 
of  Riverside  to  move  for  a  municipally  owned  light  and  power  system 
of  their  own.  In  June,  1894,  the  Board  of  City  Trustees  appointed  a 
committee  to  report  on  the  advisability  of  a  municipal  electric  plant.  In 
March,  1895,  City  Engineer  James  W.  Johnson  reported  in  favor  of  such 
a  plant  and  estimated  its  cost.  An  election  was  held  June  5,  1895,  the  city 
voting  by  an  overwhelming  majority  to  bond  the  city  for  $40,000.00,  for 
the  establishment  of  an  electric  light  and  power  plant. 

The  first  electrical  engineer  was  appointed  August  1,  1895,  E.  C. 
Sharpe  being  thus  appointed.  Immediately  the  electric  plant  at  Mulberry 
and  Ninth  streets  was  erected,  which  has,  of  course,  grown  from  the  first 
small  beginning,  to  the  present  large  proportions.  F.  A.  Worthley 
was  made  first  superintendent,  and  Elmer  Cutting,  now  and  for  many 
years  superintendent,  was  "lineman  and  trimmer."  The  California  Elec- 
trical Works  of  San  Francisco,  having  furnished  and  set  up  the  equip- 
ment, for  $40,978.00,  their  contract  price,  a  thirty  days'  trial  was  made, 
and  on  December  8,  1896,  the  plant  was  formally  accepted  and  opened 
for  business. 

The  city  purchased  its  power  wholesale,  from  the  Redlands  Electric 
Light  and  Power  Company.     This  by  contract  for  "ten  thousand  volts." 

Here  lies  the  weakness,  it  may  be  said,  in  Riverside's  electric  light 
and  power  system.  We  were  content  to  contract  for  power,  and  did  not 
proceed  as  we  might  so  well  have  done  in  that  early  day,  to  generate  our 
own  electric  current.  The  result  has  been  that  we  have  been  placed  to 
great  disadvantage  in  all  our  history  thus  far,  by  having  to  purchase 
from  private  power  companies,  at  cost  far  exceeding  that  of  generating 
such  power,  had  we  done  it  ourselves.  We  tried  to  get  away  from  this 
in  1899-1900,  by  erecting  a  steam  generating  plant  at  a  cost  of  some  $34,- 
000.00.  But  this  has  proved  only  moderately  helpful.  It  did  no  doubt 
get  us  better  rates  from  the  companies  from  whom  we  purchased  the 
most  of  our  power.  But  it  has  proved  to  us  that  hydro-electric  power  can 
be  generated  at  very  much  lower  cost  than  that  by  steam.  Indeed  steam 
electric  generation  is  almost  inexcusable  waste  of  money  and  energy  in 
California  where  hydro-electric  power  generation  is  so  easy  and  so  cheap, 
on  our  public  domain,  in  the  great  mountains  and  streams. 

Riverside  having  pioneered  so  many  notable  movements,  it  is  worthy 
of  record  also  that  in  municipal  electrical  development  the  city  has  done 
real  pioneer  work.  Riverside  was  the  first  city  in  California  to  develop 
a  municipal  electric  light  and  power  plant,  and  one  of  the  first  cities  in 
the  United  States  to  do  .so.  In  this  Riverside  blazed  the  way  for  the  long 
distance  transmission  of  electricity,  by  building  the  first  long  distance, 
high  voltage  electrical  transmission  line  in  the  United  States  and,  it  is 
believed,  in  the  world.  This  action  by  the  City  of  Riverside  was  watched 
with  great  interest  by  the  electricians  of  the  world,  to  see  whether  such 
long'  distance  transmission  was  to  be  found  practicable.  Riverside 
brought  this  electric  power  over  her  long  distance  lines  from  Mill  Creek, 
in  the  San  Bernardino  Mountains,  hardly  thirty  miles  away.  But  the 
experiment  was  a  success  and  was  a  notable  step  in  the  great  development 
of  long  distance  high  voltage  transmission  lines,  by  which  the  great  elec- 
tric power  lines  of  the  world  are  made  possible.  The  great  municipal 
hydro-electric  power  system  of  the  Province  of  Ontario,  Canada,  is  made 


618        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

possible  by  Riverside's  pioneer  work.  Los  Angeles'  great  municipal  sys- 
tem is  also  thus  made  possible.  The  great  power  lines,  such  as  the  South- 
ern California  Edison  and  the  Southern  Sierras  systems  follow  in  the  line 
of  the  City  of  Riverside's  pioneer  work,  in  their  vast  systems  of  long  dis- 
tance high  voltage  electric  power  transmission.  The  Southern  Sierras 
Power  Company  of  Riverside,  has  lines  of  six  hundred  miles  and  more 
of  such  long  distance  transmission.  It  is  also  worthy  of  note  that  the 
original  pioneer  transformers  of  the  world,  which  made  possible  River- 
side's long  distance  line,  are  still  preserved,  and  were  exhibited  at  the 
Panama  Exposition  in  San  Francisco,  as  "the  pioneer  high  voltage  trans- 
formers of  the  world." 

In  other  respects  Riverside  has  also  made  bold  innovations  in  the 
history  of  municipal  electric  light  and  power  development.  The  city  re- 
news to  its  5,000  customers,  all  electric  light  bulbs,  after  the  initial  pur- 
chase price  of  the  first  ones.  This  item  of  saving  to  the  consumer  is 
unmatched,  so  far  as  the  writer  knows,  by  any  private  power  company, 
and  by  few,  if  any,  municipal  plants. 

Riverside  has  proved  by  her  municipal  electric  light  and  power  plant 
that  by  public  ownership  light  and  power  can  be  supplied  to  citizens  at 
great  reduction  of  cost  as  compared  with  the  service  rendered  by  privately 
owned  companies. 

When  Riverside  began  its  municipal  ownership  plan,  it  had  been  pay- 
ing a  private  company  20  cents  K.  W.  H.  for  electric  current  and  $10.00  a 
month  per  arc  light  for  streets.  Under  municipal  ownership  electric 
current, is  sold  today  for  an  average  of  3  cents  K.  W.  H.  for  light  and 
power  purposes.  This  is  fully  a  third  less  than  private  companies  sell 
current  for,  where  they  operate. 

And  while  operating  at  this  low  cost  to  her  people.  Riverside  has  not 
only  saved  her  citizens  scores  of  thousands  of  dollars  in  cost  of  light  and 
power,  but  has  made  a  handsome  profit  to  the  great  advantage  of  the  city 
and  saving  of  taxes.  This  last  year  (1920-1921),  the  total  revenue  of 
the  municipal  electric  light  and  power  plant  was  $248,226.92.  Total  ex- 
pen,ses,  $17,617.13.    Net  income.  $68,609.79. 

The  municipal  light  and  power  system  has  in  these  years  made  a 
splendid  showing  in  service  rendered  the  people,  and  in  profits  made  by 
which  the  plant  has  grown  to  large  proportions,  and  in  addition,  has  trans- 
ferred to  other  city  departments  $184,807.31.  This  support  to  the  other 
departments  of  the  city  has  been  incidental  with  the  development  of  the 
plant  from  $40,000.00  value  originally  to  now  about  $700,000.00,  and  to  the 
saving  of  thousands  of  dollars  annually  in  cost  of  light  and  power  to 
our  people. 

All  this  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  we  do  not  generate  our  own  power 
but  buy  it  at  very  high  wholesale  cost  from  private  companies.  When 
Riverside  and  all  California  learns  to  generate  electric  light  and  power  at 
cost  to  the  people,  a  new  industrial  day  will  be  upon  us. 

Our  Riverside  plant  is  really  a  great  industry  in  itself.  It  is 
well  worth  the  time  of  any  citizen  to  visit  the  power  plant  at  Ninth  and 
Mulberry  streets,  then  go  over  the  system  realizing  that  from  it  radiate 
a  hundred  thousand  lights,  and  power  for  industries  and  irrigation  over 
the  forty-one  square  miles  of  the  City  of  Riverside. 

Riverside  Municipal  Water  System,  by  Dr.  Horace  Porter, 
ex-mayor.  Riverside  has  been  a  progressive  city  from  the  first  beginnings, 
fifty  years  ago.  Municipal  ownership  is  unusually  largely  developed  and 
is  most  successful.  In  Riverside  we  have  municipal  ownership  of  electric 
light   and  power,   municipal   fair  grounds,   municipal   athletic   field,   two 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        619 

municipal  sewer  farms,  municipal  rock  quarries,  the  municipal  library, 
municipal  parks  and  playgrounds,  the  usual  municipal  school  system, 
and  a  municipal  domestic  water  system. 

Our  water  system  was  not  developed  as  early  as  the  electric  light 
system  by  many  years,  and  to  the  great  financial  disadvantage  of  River- 
side. We  purchased  the  water  system  from  the  Riverside  Water  Com- 
pany in  1913.  The  price  was  very  high,  as  now  universally  known,  the 
amount  being  $575,000.00  to  the  water  company,  $195,000.00  for  the 
artesian  system  and  $15,000.00  for  the  Keys  system,  or  a  total  of  $750,- 
000.00  for  the  three  systems  thus  merged  into  one  municipal  plant. 

The  city  voted  to  bond  itself  for  $1,115,000.00  for  this  purchase  and 
for  expenses  and  improvements.  For  these  expenses  and  improvements 
there  was  a  balance  of  $370,000.00  over  and  above  the  purchase  price. 
About  sixty-five  miles  of  new  pipe  lines  were  laid  over  the  forty-one 
square  miles  of  the  city,  particularly  extending  the  mains  to  Arlington 
Heights.  This  is  fine  for  the  Heights  but  expensive  for  the  city,  as  it 
costs  the  city  $11,000.00  more  per  year  to  pump  the  water  to  the  Heights, 
than  the  people  of  the  Heights  pay  for. 

Notwithstanding,  the  new  lines  laid  in  1913-15,  there  are  still  many 
streets  and  sections  of  the  city  without  domestic  water,  to  their  great 
disadvantage.  The  further  laying  of  pipe  lines  for  these  sections  is  a 
serious  need. 

The  source  of  Riverside's  water  supply  is  the  widely  known  natural 
underground  basin  in  San  Bernardino  County,  of  which  Riverside 
County  was  a  part,  when  the  water  system  of  Riverside  was  developed. 
This  great  basin  furnishes  flowing  wells  which  supply  both  our  irrigation 
waters  for  our  canals  and  our  domestic  water. 

Riverside  appropriated  these  waters  in  the  very  earliest  days  begin- 
ning fifty  years  ago,  long  before  the  town  of  San  Bernardino  sought  for 
water  by  other  than  the  old  well  and  town  pump  system. 

But  some  five  years  ago,  San  Bernardino  challenged  Riverside,  and  the 
Riverside  Water  Company,  in  their  rights  to  the  waters  so  long  appro- 
priated. A  trial  lasting  six  months  and  costing  both  sides  about  $1,000.- 
000.00,  produced  the  famous  "Judge  F.  Inlayson  decision," — a  court  rul- 
ing acceptable  to  neither  side  and  by  both  sides  regarded  as  too  vague  and 
intricate^  indeed  impossible  of  being  observed  by  either  party  to  the  suit. 
The  decision  was  appealed  to  the  State  Supreme  Court,  which  practically 
ruled  in  favor  of  Riverside,  yet  orders  a  new  finding  by  the  Superior 
Court  of  San  Bernardino,  on  the  evidence  taken  in  the  former  six  months' 
trial.  For  the  past  half  year  the  mayor  and  Board  of  Public  Utilities  of 
Riverside,  in  the  last  half  of  the  vear  1921,  have  held  many  conferences 
with  the  city  authorities  of  San  Bernardino,  both  sides  seeking  to  settle 
the  great  water  suit  by  mutual  agreement  out  of  court.  These  proceedings 
are  at  this  writing,  February,  1922,  still  under  way.  The  belief  is,  as 
apparently  shared  by  both  parties  to  the  suit  that  with  proper  conservation 
of  water,  as  it  comes  from  the  Santa  Ana  River  out  of  the  mountains, 
and  by  proper  economy  of  the  uses  of  water,  there  is  enough  and  to  spare 
for  both  cities.  There  is  a  mutual  desire  to  spend  money  in  the  future 
in  sensible  water  saving  instead  of  endless  water  suits  that  bring  no 
satisfactory  results,  and  can  bring  no  such  results. 

Notwithstanding  the  large  cost  to  Riverside  of  her  domestic  water 
system,  and  the  heavy  expense  of  paying  off  bonds,  water  suits  and  up- 
keep, yet  we  fully  believe  that  in  the  long  run  this  water  system,  munici- 
pally owned,  will  amply  justify  itself. 

The  total  revenue,  this  past  year,  has  been  $138,672.00.  Total  expense, 
$105,352.00.     Net  income,  $33^347.17.     Net  .surplus  after  paying  bonds. 


620 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 


$4,347.17.  Bonds  redeemed  of  the  original  issue  of  $1,160,000.00  are 
52.^2,000.00.  The  cost  of  the  law  suits  against  us  by  San  Bernardino  has 
been  paid  by  the  Utilities  Board  out  of  the  electric  light  surplus.  Other- 
wise heavy  borrowing  or  bonding  would  have  been  necessary  to  carry  the 
extraordinary  expenses  of  this  unfortunate  law  suit,  unfortunate  both  for 
Riverside  and  for  San  Bernardino. 

The  following  table  gives  a  few  random  instances  of  the  difference 
in  cost  of  electric  light  and  power  as  between  Riverside's  municipal  plant 
and  the  Southern  California  Edison  and  the  Southern  Sierras  power 
companies.  These  are  carefully  compiled  figures  based  on  the  rates  as 
in  force  in  the  year  1921. 

Riverside 
Fred  Reed's  5  H.  P.  pump.  .$  120.55 
Riverside  Press  Printing  Co..  .  261.90 
G.  Rou.se  Department  Store..  1,249.30 
Chase  Nursery,  30  H.  P.  pump  409.65 
Alfred  M.  Lewis,  grocery....  568.25 
Arlington      Heights       Gratton 

Street  Pumping  Station...   2,117.80        2,614.84 


Edison  Co. 

Southern  Sierras 

$    160.59 

$    223.26 

379.70 

427.20 

1,687.15 

1,743.00 

622.15 

802.52 

782.80 

822.50 

3,196.98 


If  Riverside  were  getting  her  power  by  public  ownership,  at  six-tenths 
of  a  cent  K.  W.  H.  (which  is  more  than  a  liberal  allowance  for  cost 
production),  Riverside  could  cut  her  present  rates.  As  it  is,  paying  these 
excessively  high  rates,  to  the  private  companies  for  wholesale  power  (as 
high  as  one  and  eighty-seven  hundredths  K.  W.  H.),  Riverside  still 
retails  as  shown  by  above  tables,  at  a  third  lower  price  to  the  consumer, 
an  yet  makes  $50,000.00  a  year  profit ! 


CHAPTER  XXXV 
CHURCHES 

The  Churches.  A  history  of  Riverside  would  not  be  complete  with- 
out some  notice  of  the  churches,  especially  when  we  consider  that  there 
are  forty  or  more  religious  organizations  that  hold  religious  services  once 
a  week,  for  not  all  of  them  hold  their  services  on  the  day  of  the  week 
called  Sunday  or  the  Lord's  Day,  the  day  on  which  our  Lord  is  believed 
by  all  professing  Christianity,  to  have  risen  from  the  dead. 

Without  going  further  abroad  than  Riverside  the  question  may  well 
be  asked,  "Are  the  results  commensurate  with  the  great  efforts  put  forth 
each  week,  not  only  on  the  Holy  day,  but  during  the  week  at  the  various 
services  conducted?"  Some  of  the  secret  societies  have  semi-religious 
sentiments  in  their  ritual  and  it  is  claimed  by  many  Masons  that  there  is 
no  better  Christianity  than  in  the  life  of  a  good  Mason.  Unquestionably 
the  base  of  all  religions  is  that  embraced  in  the  motto,  "Be  good  and  do 
good,"  whether  the  incentive  be  fear  or  love  or  a  mixture  of  both.  In 
this  day  and  generation  among  all  educated  and  thinking  people  it  would 
be  absurd,  if  not  wicked,  to  say  that  all  who  have  not  heard  of  Christian- 
ity or  embraced  the  doctrines  and  beliefs  of  professed  Christians  were 
going  to  hell  where  they  would  be  kept  in  a  state  of  punishment  and 
misery  for  ever  and  forever.  Even  the  Presbyterians  in  tlieir  Confession 
of  Faith  have  been  obliged  to  modify  their  statements  in  regard  to  infant 
damnation.  The  Methodists,  too,  are  seriously  considering  whether  some 
modifications  may  not  be  desirable  in  their  creed,  while  the  Christian 
Scientists  say  it  is  not  necessary  to  die  in  order  to  enter  Heaven.  Among 
all  of  the  religious  denominations  there  is  the  same  Lord's  prayer  and 
practically  the  same  creed,  then  wherefore  the  many  dififerent  organiza- 
tions? Would  not  results  be  better  if  all  were  united  as  is  done  in  at 
least  one  progressive  town  on  the  Pacific  Coast?  All  agree  that  it  would, 
but  each  wants  it  to  be  his  peculiar  denomination.  Nowhere  are  we  led 
to  infer  that  there  was  any  other  temple  in  Palestine,  but  one  at  Jerusalem, 
which  it  seems  was  sufficient  for  the  Jews  who  are  represented  as  being 
the  specially  favored  people  of  God. 

They  were,  of  course,  the  synagogues  where  they  met  on  the  Sabbath. 
The  statement  has  been  made  recently  by  a  leading  minister  that  two- 
thirds  of  the  people  are  not  church  goers.  Then  wherefore  is  this?  Can 
you  pick  out  church  people  by  their  daily  life?  Are  they  any  happier 
than  those  who  stay  outside  ?  These  are  very  pertinent,  and  indeed,  serious 
questions  when  we  consider  that  as  reported  in  the  newspapers  the  state- 
ment is  that  a  member  of  Congress  proposes  to  introduce  a  measure  to 
compel  everyone  to  attend  church, — What  church?  This  would  certainly 
necessitate  a  radical  change  in  our  California  State  Constitution  and  also 
in  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  which  says  that  no  religious  obli- 
gation be  imposed  on  any  citizen  either  for  citizenship  or  for  holding  of 
office.  It  may  well  be  asked  the  reverend  gentleman  who  bewails  the 
lack  of  attendance  at  church  what  he  has  to  offer  in  church  attendance 
that  will  attract  the  masses?  Have  we  as  a  people  outgrown  that  phase 
of  our  modern  system  of  faith  and  religion,  mere  church  attendance? 

California  is  almost  alone  in  the  list  of  states  in  having  no  Sunday 
laws,  yet  the  statement  is  made  authoritatively  that  church  attendance 
and  the  general  morality  is  as  good  as  in  other  states  where  they  have 
Sunday  laws.  May  it  not  be  that  we  have  entered  into  a  new  and  higher 
dispensation  where  religion  will  partake  more  of  the  daily  life  and  less 
of  the  ceremonial,  where  every  act  shall  partake  of  the  religious.  Where 
621 


622 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 


is  all  of  the  religion  of  our  fathers,  where  the  family  prayer  morning  and 
evening  and  the  religious  ceremony  gone  over  at  every  meal,  both  before 
and  after,  and  where  the  minister  in  the  country  on  his  periodical  visits 
when  offered  refreshments,  part  of  which  would  be  whisky,  would  ask 
God  to  bless  them  before  he  would  partake?  Gone  they  are  almost  wholly 
and  nothing  but  the  shadow  remains.  Whence  this  departure,  may  be  a 
pertinent  question  ? 


First  Church  in  Riverside 


It  would  in  this  short  narrative  be  probably  unwise,  even  if  space 
permitted,  to  go  in  very  extensively  to  the  churches  and  the  question  of 
their  religion.  It  is  one  of  the  axioms  of  all  organized  bodies  that 
religion  and  politics  must  be  barred  from  their  deliberations  and  the  rea- 
.son  is  plain  enough  to  the  outsider  and  that  is,  that  opinion  or  dogma  is 
the  basis  of  most  of  their  ethical  propositions.  Excluding  politics  as  not 
being  pertinent  to  a  history  of  the  churches  their  various  creeds  are  more 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         623 

in  the  line  of  dogma  than  matters  of  fact.  People  do  not  usually  differ 
on  matters  of  fact,  but  when  it  comes  to  matters  of  opinion,  opinions  are 
as  varied  as  individuals. 

Truth  should  be  simple  and  appeal  to  the  simplest  understanding.  For 
instance,  no  one  seriously  disputes  the  ethics  of  the  Sermon  on  the  Mount. 
The  difficulties  begin  to  arise  whenever  anyone  arises  and  claims  to  be  an 
authority  in  religious  matters  and  when  he  can  get  the  temporal  power 
behind  him,  trouble  arises,  hence  the  assertion  in  our  republic  that  all 
power  lies  within  the  people  themselves.  Then  comes  up  the  question  in 
spiritual  matters :  Shall  we  have  a  spiritual  head  who  may  be  looked  to 
as  an  authority  and  whose  dictum  shall  be  followed  blindly?  Or  shall 
we  give  the  individual  conscience  full  freedom  of  expression?  Then 
comes  the  question  of  creed.  Creeds  always  bind  and  prevent  expansion 
and  growth.  Here  is  where  the  question  of  church  attendance  and  Sab- 
bath observance  come  in.  Those  who  are  outside  of  the  churches  claim 
that  those  who  are  inside,  a  minority  professedly,  take  undue  and  unwar- 
ranted powers  to  themselves  and  thereby  interfere  with  the  liberties  of 
others  without  any  just  reason.  Our  government  was  founded  to  give 
freedom  to  all  citizens,  civil  and  religious,  and  nothing  in  the  history  of 
this  country  shows  that  where  religious  laws  are  in  operation  there  is 
greater  morality  or  happiness  than  where  no  religious  enactments  exist 
and  churchmen  must  show  before  they  ask  others  to  join  them  that  they 
are  better  and  happier  than  those  who  do  not  attend  or  belong  to  the 
churches.  Rather  must  we  adopt  a  new  rule  of  life  where  religion  will  be 
a  vital,  every  day  part  of  that  life. 

The  churches  of  Riverside  may  well  be  classed  under  a  half  dozen  or 
so  organizations  and  the  main  question  should  not  be  what  do  you  be- 
lieve, but  what  are  you  doing  to  make  the  world  better?  Has  the  world 
been  made  better  by  your  passing  through  it,  if  not,  life  has  been  a  failure  ? 

Riverside  began  by  making  this  world  more  beautiful  on  the  idea  that 
if  we  could  do  away  with  the  dark  places,  in  a  word,  if  we  could  make  a 
Garden  of  Eden  here  we  would  have  begun  to  make  a  new  earth  and  if 
we  could  finally  make  a  new  earth,  we  would  be  well  on  the  way  to  have 
a  new  heaven  wherein  would  dwell  righteousness. 

With  the  founders  of  Riverside  the  question  of  churches  or  religious 
organizations  did  not  arise.  With  Judge  North,  himself,  or  Doctor  Greves, 
who  was  in  all  probability  closer  associated  with  him  than  any  other 
pioneer,  the  material  side  was  about  the  only  one  that  was  considered 
as  neither  of  them  were  connected  with  any  church  while  in  Riverside, 
nor  did  either  of  them  ever  express  any  opposition  to,  or  preference  for, 
any  division  of  church  organization.  Doctor  Shugart  was  pretty  much  in 
the  same  line  of  religious  thought  although  he  was  an  attendant  and  sup- 
l)orter  of  the  Universalist  Church  and  A.  J.  Twogood  was  a  Baptist  and 
E.  G.  Brown,  an  Episcopalian,  so  it  may  be  said  that  in  its  foundation 
there  was  no  distinct  religious  leaning.  The  Congregationalists  were  given 
a  lot  on  which,  several  years  after  the  colony  was  founded,  a  church  was 
built.  The  first  colonists  were  of  various  phases  of  religious  belief  and 
m.eetings  were  occasionally  held  mainly  by  the  Congregationalists  and 
Episcopalians.  The  little  school  which  was  the  first  building  of  a  public 
character  was  used  for  religious  services  by  all  who  cared  to  have  them, 
but  as  population  increased  there  came  to  be  a  desire  for  each  denomina- 
tion to  have  a  place  of  their  own  until  there  are  about  forty  different 
religions  represented  every  week. 

The  Congregationalists  were  the  first  to  think  of  an  organization  and 
accordingly  they  formed  the  first  church  in  April,  1872,  but  it  was  some- 
time later  when  they  were  able  to  put  up  a  building.    At  first  they  were 


624         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

liberal  as  they  have  been  right  along  and  gave  every  assistance  to  other 
church  sects.  All  at  first  held  services  in  the  schoolhouse  which  was 
freely  opened  to  all. 

Rev.  I.  W.  Atherton  was  the  first  pastor  and  Riverside  was  carried 
on  for  a  time  as  a  missionary  station  and  when  they  got  ready  to  build  a 
church  it  was  accomplished  largely  by  assistance  from  outside  sources. 
Twice  they  have  outgrown  their  building,  first  on  the  original  site  on  the 
corner  of  Sixth  and  Mulberry  streets.  This  church  was  traded  in  1886 
with  the  Christian  Church  for  lots  on  the  corner  of  Seventh  and  Lemon 
streets  where  a  large  and  commodious  building  was  erected  which  was 
again  outgrown  and  the  building  was  torn  down  and  a  large  and  magnifi- 
cent cathedral-like  structure  of  the  Spanish  Renaissance  style  of  archi- 
tecture was  erected.  This  building  with  its  adjacent  parsonage,  grounas 
and  equipment,  have  a  full  value  of  $125,000.  Under  the  ministration  of 
Dr.  Horace  Porter  some  innovations  have  been  introduced  likely  to  bring 
the  church  and  people  closer  together.  The  first  one  is  that  the  church 
shall  be  open  every  day.  This  gives  an  opportunity  to  those  who  are  of  a 
pious  and  meditative  nature  to  enter  the  church  and  indulge  in  the  sacred 
edifice  in  spiritual  mediation.  Then  again  it  has  always  been  a  matter  for 
serious  contemplation  that  our  churches  should  be  closed  all  the  time 
except  for  the  few  slender  hours  they  are  open  for  public  worship. 

The  parlors  of  the  church  are  open  for  meetings  at  any  time  of  a 
beneficial  nature.  The  basement,  which  is  large  and  spacious  with  ample 
kitchen  requirements,  is  largely  in  use  for  public  gatherings  where  ban- 
quets can  be  enjoyed.  It  was  very  largely  used  during  the  great  war  for 
meetings  in  connection  with  war  demonstrations  and  has  also  been  used  for 
years  for  meetings  of  the  Present  Day  Club.  In  this  way  the  people  and 
the  churches  are  coming  into  closer  contact  when  it  is  found  that  the 
churches  are  in  favor  rather  than  opposed  to  all  rational  amusements. 
In  April,  1922,  will  occur  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the 
Congregational  Church  which  will  be  celebrated  when  some  specially 
interesting  features  will  be  introduced.  Of  the  seven  original  members  of 
this  church  all  have  passed  away. 

The  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  The  Methodists  were 
the  second  religious  body  to  build  an  edifice  of  their  own  and  so  eager 
and  earnest  were  they  that  the  small  brick  building  now  occupied  for, 
special  meetings  was  built  up  almost  wholly  by  materials  contributed  by 
friends  and  prospective  members.  A  regular  church  organization  was 
effected  by  Rev.  M.  M.  Bovard  in  1874,  but  the  church  was  not  built  for 
a  year  or  two  later,  meetings  having  been  carried  on  in  the  interim  in  the 
schoolhouse.  From  a  small  beginning  of  seven  members  the  congrega- 
tion has  grown  until  it  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  city.  From  the  little 
24  by  36  brick  chapel  to  the  large  edifice  it  grew  bit  by  bit  as  the  needs 
of  the  worshippers  required. 

This  church  is  open  also  daily  for  purposes  of  meditation  and  devotion 
or  consultation  with  the  pastor.  The  church  grew  much  in  numbers  and 
in  public  favor  by  the  ministrations  of  the  Rev.  B.  S.  Haywood,  who  twice 
was  sent  here  in  a  ministerial  way  with  lasting  good.  Dr.  Haywood  did 
not  insist  in  a  narrow  way  that  all  who  went  to  heaven  must  go  through 
the  Methodist  Church,  for  he  recognized  it  as  an  accepted  fact  that  all  who 
were  good  were  heirs  to  a  heavenly  mansion.  How  much  more  might  the 
church  endear  itself  to  the  world  at  large  if  it  would  recognize  goodness 
everywhere  and  in  place  of  placing  itself  in  antagonism  to  the  masses  it 
would  stand  on  their  side,  church  attendance  might  be  greatly  increased. 


1783745 

SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         625 

By  doing  so  we  might  get  more  common  sense  into  our  religion  and  more 
religion  into  our  common  sense. 

The  First  Baptist  Church.  The  First  Baptist  Church  was  also 
early  in  the  field  as  an  organization,  February,  1884,  being  the  date  of 
its  founding  by  eight  members.  For  several  years  they  were  without  any 
church  building,  when  they  erected  a  large  edifice  for  that  time  on  the 
corner  of  Eighth  and  Lemon  streets.  This  was  used  until  1912  when 
they  occupied  the  present  fine  building  on  Ninth  and  Lemon  streets. 
Before  they  owned  a  building  of  their  own  they  united  with  the  Method- 
ists in  their  building. 

The  Presbyterians.  The  first  Presbyterian  Church  was  organized 
in  1879  at  the  head  of  Old  Magnolia  Avenue  about  four  miles  from  the 
center  of  the  town,  but  after  awhile  that  location  was  found  too  far  away 
and  another  organization  was  formed,  really  an  ofifshoot  from  the  original 
church,  in  1887.  For  a  time  they  met  in  various  buildings  in  the  city 
until  they  were  able  to  build  and  occupy  their  present  edifice  and  have  met 
with  success.  Matthew  Gage,  assisted  by  his  wife,  were  largely  instru- 
mental in  getting  up  the  fine  building  now  occupied. 

The  other  orthodox  churches  have  all  been  reasonably  successful,  but 
it  is  being  felt  by  church  people  that  fewer  churches  better  filled  would 
leave  more  money  for  the  spread  of  the  gospel. 

SwEDENBORGiANS.  The  Ncw  Jerusalem  or  Swedenborgian  Church 
has  been  organized,  from  an  early  day  the  Rev.  B.  Edmiston  having  been 
the  original  pastor  and  organizer,  having  retained  that  position  for  many 
years  and  a  son,  L.  W.  Edmiston,  is  its  present  head.  The  first  location 
near  the  head  of  old  Magnolia  Avenue  being  far  from  population  centers 
a  new  one  was  sought  and  obtained  on  Locust  Street  between  Sixth  and 
Seventh  streets,  with  a  small  but  active  membership. 

St.  Francis  de  Sales  Roman  Catholic  Church.  The  St.  Francis 
de  Sales  Roman  Catholic  Church  was  at  first  a  mission  of  the  San  Ber- 
nardino Church,  but  was  finally  erected  into  a  parish  by  itself.  The  first 
congregation  was  started  by  Rev.  Father  Stockman  and  the  church  was 
built  on  Twelfth  Street,  but  the  church  property  occupies  a  whole  block 
where  they  have  now  a  parochial  school  with  a  large  attendance  with  plans 
for  a  larger  church  in  the  future.  The  church  is  largely  represented  by 
Spanish  speaking  families.  There  is  a  church  at  Sherman  Institute  where 
Indian  children  and  students  are  ministered  unto.  In  addition,  mission 
are  maintained  as  Casa  Blanca,  Crestmore  and  Spanish  Town.  Of  recent 
years  the  Catholic  Church  has  popularized  itself  by  the  pastors  taking  an 
active  part  in  public  affairs  and  by  mingling  more  among  the  common 
people. 

The  Universalists.  The  Universalists  have  since  1881  maintained 
a  church  of  their  own  organized  by  Rev.  George  H.  Deere.  They  had  at 
first  a  building  extemporized  from  one  of  the  original  two  building  erected 
on  Sixth  Street  for  school  purposes.  This  building  was  used  on  Market 
Street  where  it  did  good  service.  Doctor  Deere  was  an  able  and  educated 
man  who  had  been  seriously  handicapped  in  his  youth  and  all  his  life  from 
weak  eyes  arising  from  constitutional  causes  as  well  as  lack  of  the  ap- 
pliances and  discoveries  of  modern  times.  This  weakness  ended  in  total 
blindness  for  a  few  years  of  his  latter  life. 

Doctor  Deere,  like  almost  all  of  the  early  settlers  of  Riverside,  was 
originally  of  New  England  stock.  According  to  an  autobiography  written 
in  his  declining  years,  considering  all  his  physical  infirmities,  he  was  a 


626         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

remarkable  man  who  was  able  to  overcome  all  of  the  troubles  and  adver- 
sities of  his  boyhood  and  youth  and  attain  and  hold  the  position  he 
acquired.  He  was  for  many  years  at  the  head  of  the  Board  of  Education 
in  Riverside  and  was  ever  active  in  promoting  the  cause  of  education. 
He  also  took  a  great  interest  in  the  public  library  and  was  president  of 
the  board  for  many  years  and  to  him  was  left  the  selection  of  the  religious 
and  philosophical  works.  From  early  life  he  had  a  desire  to  enter  into 
the  ministry  and  although  not  reared  in  the  Universalist  Church  that  was 
the  church  of  his  choice. 

Shortly  after  his  entry  into  the  ministry  he  married  and  lived  long 
enough  with  his  companion  to  celebrate  his  golden  wedding  and  died  at  a 
good  ripe  age  having  passed  the  psalmist's  fourscore.  He  succeeded  in 
not  only  building  up  a  good  congregation,  but  in  getting  up  a  fine  building 
which  was  largely  due  to  his  efforts  not  only  during  his  pastorate  and  after, 
for  he  never  lost  sight  of  the  fact  that  he  was  always  after  retirement  a 
part  of  the  congregation  and  church. 

The  Universalists  accept  the  doctrine  of  ultimate  salvation  for  all,  a 
belief  that  today  is  not  seriously  controverted  by  the  leading  denomina- 
tions, total  depravity  not  really  being  seriously  entertained. 

The  Christian  Scientists.  The  Christian  Scientists  were  early  in 
the  field  of  Riverside  with  an  organization  in  1889  and  in  1900  they  built 
a  fine  building  in  Mission  style  on  the  corner  of  Sixth  and  Lemon  streets 
at  a  cost  of  over  $15,000.  As  is  customary  in  that  body  the  church  was 
all  paid  for  before  it  could  be  dedicated.  Under  Mrs.  Davis,  the  founder, 
they  have  had  remarkable  success  and  in  their  case  at  least,  "to  the  poor 
the  Gospel  is  preached"  for  although  they  have  frequently  noted  lecturers 
from  abroad  in  public  meetings  in  the  city,  nothing  is  ever  charged  for 
admission  nor  is  the  hat  passed  round. 

They  are  probably  the  most  earnest  and  steadfast  body  of  worship- 
pers in  Riverside,  for  almost  to  an  individual  they  can  be  said  to  have  been 
benefitted  by  the  application  of  Christian  Science.  The  claim  that  Mrs. 
Eddy  was  the  discoverer  of  Christian  Science  is  not  well  founded,  for 
the  principles  of  healing  were  well  known  and  practiced  long  before  Mrs. 
Eddy  was  heard  of,  but  unquestionably  she  was  the  one  who  organized 
its  devotees  into  a  united  and  influential  body.  Not  all  of  the  followers  of 
Mrs.  Eddy  are  succesful  healers,  but  undoubtedly  many  remarkable  cures 
have  been  effected  but  not  greater  than  that  done  by  others  outside  the 
pale  of  their  church  as  practiced  by  noted  individuals.  Sometimes  Chris- 
tian Scientists  are  inclined  to  think  that  their  methods  are  superior  to  all 
others  and  with  greater  authority  behind  them. 

Healing  as  a  religious  manifestation  is  not  now  confined  exclusively 
to  the  Christian  Scientists  for  other  churches  have  taken  the  matter  up 
with  more  or  less  success.  The  Scientists,  however,  were  the  first  who 
made  the  direct  claim  that  they  were  carrying  out  the  injunction  of  Jesus 
where  he  says  that  one  of  the  signs  that  would  accompany  them  who  be- 
lieved in  him  would  be  healing  the  sick  and  that  they  would  do  even 
greater  things  than  he  did  and  certainly  his  immediate  followers  carried 
out  his  injunctions  in  being  accompanied  by  the  signs  that  would  follow 
them  that  believed  in  him.  Perhaps  the  weak  point  in  most  of  the  healers 
both  in  and  out  of  the  Church  of  Christ  Scientist  lies  in  ascribing  the  gift 
of  healing  to  a  supernatural  agency  in  place  of  natural  law. 

The  Scientists  in  Riverside  had  at  one  time  two  churches,  owing  to 
some  personal  differences  in  opinion  or  formula,  but  are  again  united 
into  one  body  and  their  particular  Shibboleth  is  pronounced  in  a  uniform 
manner  again. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        627 

The  Christian  Scientists  perhaps  have  been  the  most  remarkable  suc- 
cess of  modern  times  and  liave  compelled  the  world  to  acknowledge  that 
there  are  invisible  forces  in  the  universe  that  our  materialistic  age  not 
only  ignored  but  denied.  Edison  has  shown  some  material  ones  and  the 
Scientists  have  gone  further  and  asserted  with  success  that  in  addition  to 
material  forces  there  are  also  spiritual  ones  that  cannot  always  be  demon- 
strated to  the  material  eye. 

Perhaps  and  beyond  peradventure  when  the  great  body  of  our 
churches  will  demonstrate  in  a  material  way  the  truth  of  these  statements 
there  will  be  more  of  spiritual  life  than  is  at  present  manifested.  They 
will  be  able  then  to  show  to  the  great  body  of  indifferent  people  who  are 
on  the  outside  that  there  is  more  in  the  church  and  in  religion  than  ap- 
pears at  first  sight. 

All  Christians  assert  a  belief  in  the  communion  of  saints,  none  prac- 
tice it  except  the  Roman  Catholic.  The  Catholic  calls  on  the  Saints  and 
believes  he  is  helped.  Can  anyone  say  that  he  has  been  caUing  for  ages 
without  any  result?  Herein  lies  the  strength  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
Church  showing  that  it  is  a  live  faith  and  the  Protestant  bodies  will  have 
to  come  to  something  similar  before  they  attain  to  the  power  and  influ- 
ence they  aspire  to. 

Riverside  might  be  termed  a  city  of  churches  and  possibly  it  has  more 
than  any  other  city  of  its  size  in  California.  The  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  the  Christian  Church,  the  Seventh  Day  Adventists,  the  Seventh 
Day  Baptists,  the  colored  people  have  also  their  organizations,  in  addition 
to  which  the  Methodists  have  several  congregations  in  and  around  the 
city — Arlington  and  Highgrove  being  well  represented. 

The  Seventh  Day  Adventists  have  alwaj^s  been  very  determined  in 
opposition  to  Sunday  laws  and  but  for  that  opposition  there  might  have 
been  rigid  Sunday  laws  enacted  like  there  is  in  most  of  the  states  in  the 
Union.  However,  the  Adventists  are  so  rigid  and  exclusive  that  out- 
siders are  not  drawn  to  them  and  fear  appears  to  be  to  the  outsider  one  of 
the  main  arguments  used  to  draw  people  to  their  side. 

Riverside  Y.  M.  C.  A.  The  Riverside  Young  Men's  Christian  Asso- 
ciation had  its  inception  in  1882,  when  a  small  group  of  young  men  from 
several  churches  formed  the  Young  Men's  Christian  League.  Meetings 
were  held  Sunday  afternoons  in  a  building  on  Eleventh  Street,  between 
Lime  and  Mulberry.  In  the  fall  of  1883  Frank  Culver  of  Pasadena  came 
to  Riverside  and  met  with  about  ten  young  men,  including  members  of 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  League,  and  a  Young  Men's  Christian  Asso- 
ciation was  formed,  meeting  in  the  old  Baptist  Church  on  the  corner  of 
Eighth  and  Lemon  streets. 

Two  rooms  were  rented  in  the  building  now  known  as  the  Central 
Block  for  headquarters,  but  they  soon  proved  too  small  and  a  room  at 
the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Orange  was  rented.  The  association  grew  so 
rapidly  that  in  1886  there  was  agitation  for  a  building  in  which  to  house 
the  work.  Frank  Miller's  offer  of  a  lot  at  the  corner  of  Main  and  Sixth 
streets  was  accepted  and  a  canvass  for  funds  was  started.  The  building 
was  completed  in  1889,  after  a  campaign  to  raise  funds  was  conducted 
by  Mr.  G.  C.  Baldwin  (later  president  of  Pomona  College  of  the  State 
Committee  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.). 

This  building  served  as  the  association  headquarters  for  twenty  years 
until  the  new  building  on  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Lemon  streets  was 
completed  in  1909. 

B.  W.  Handy  was  the  first  president  of  the  Riverside  Y.  M.  C.  A., 
and  is  still  active  on  the  directorate.     K.  F.  Hendry,  B.  B.  Bush,  A.  A. 


628         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Adair,  D.  G.  Mitchell,  S.  C.  Evans,  Thos.  Stephenson  and  several  other 
Riversiders  still  living  were  active  in  the  early  work  of  the  association. 
The  new  building  of  the  association  was  erected  in  1909,  under  the  lead- 
ership of  the  late  C.  E.  Rumsey,  who  was  active  president  of  the  organ- 
ization for  many  years. 

The  organization  is  growing  rapidly,  having  over  600  members  on  its 
rolls  during  1921,  and  reaching  over  300  additional  boys  and  young  men 
through  extension  activities. 

The  building  provides  headquarters  for  the  American  Legion,  Boy 
Scouts  and  American  Red  Cross,  and  serves  a  meeting  place  for  several 
civic  and  religious  bodies. 

Four  hundred  and  twelve  boys  in  its  Boys'  Department,  212  enrolled 
in  gymnasium  classes,  forty-two  boys  and  young  men  in  Leader's  Corps, 
309  boys  in  boys'  clubs,  seventy-two  in  Bible  study  groups,  thirty-four  in 
educational  courses,  803  young  men  using  dormitory  accommodations, 
forty  women  in  helpful  auxiliary  work — these  acitivities  indicate  the 
growth  of  the  work  in  Riverside  and  magnify  the  need  for  the  completion 
of  the  building  with  the  remodeling  of  some  of  the  departmens  for  the 
modern  program  of  activities  promoted  by  over  9,000  organized  Y.  M. 
C.  A.'s  throughout  the  world,  with  a  membership  of  over  1,500,000. 

Boy  Scout  Movement  in  Riverside  County.  (By  C.  J.  Carlson, 
Boy  Scout  Executive  for  Riverside  County.)  The  general  interest  of  the 
citizens  of  Riverside  County  in  the  Boy  Scout  Program  challenges  the  in- 
telligent interest  of  everyone  having  the  welfare  of  the  community  at 
heart.  Since  October  1,  1920,  the  Riverside  County  Council  has  been 
laying  the  foundation  in  the  way  of  organization  for  the  boys  of  River- 
side County  that  they  might  partake  of  the  spare  time  education  which 
the  Boy  Scout  Program  ofifers. 

Riverside  County  has  about  2,300  boys  of  scout  age,  that  is,  over 
twelve  years  of  age,  for  whose  general  welfare  the  work  of  the  Boy 
Scouts  of  America  is  being  promoted  in  an  intensive  way  by  the  Riverside 
City  Council.  It  is  well  that  people  should  understand  the  aims  and 
general  policies  of  an  organization  that  appeals  so  vitally  to  boys. 

The  organization  is  governed  by  the  National  body  with  headquar- 
ters in  New  York  City,  and  is  charted  by  Congress  and  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  the  State  of  New  York.  The  purpose  of  the  organization  will 
be  found  in  Section  Three  of  the  Constitution  and  By-Laws  which  read 
as  follows: 

"That  the  purpose  of  this  corporation  shall  be  to  promote,  through 
organization,  and  co-operation  with  other  agencies,  the  ability  of  boys  to 
do  things  for  themselves  and  others,  to  train  them  in  scout  craft,  and  to 
teach  them  patriotism,  courage,  self-reliance,  and  kindred  virtues,  using 
the  methods  which  are  now  in  common  use  by  Boy  Scouts." 

And  also  from  Article  Three — Principles  and  Policies,  Section  One. 

"The  Boy  Scouts  of  American  maintain  that  no  boy  can  grow  into  the 
best  kind  of  citizenship  without  recognizing  his  obligation  to  God.  In  the 
first  part  of  the  Boy  Scout's  oath  or  pledge  the  boy  promises,  'On  my 
honor  I  will  do  my  best  to  do  my  duty  to  God  and  my  country,  and  to 
obey  the  scout  law.'  The  recognition  of  God  as  the  ruling  and  leading 
power  in  the  universe,  and  the  grateful  acknowledgement  of  His  favors 
and  blessings,  is  necessary  to  the  best  type  of  citizenship,  and  is  a  whole- 
some thing  in  the  education  of  the  growing  boy.  No  matter  what  the 
boy  may  be — Catholic  or  Protestant  or  Jew — this  fundamental  need  of 
good  citizenship  should  be  kept  before  him.  The  Boy  Scouts  of  America 
therefore  recognize  the  religious  element  in  the  training  of  a  boy,  but  it 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        629 

is  absolutely  non-sectarian  in  its  attitude  toward  that  religious  training. 
Its  policy  is  that  the  organization  or  institution  with  which  the  boy  scout 
is  connected  shall  give  definite  attention  to  his  religious  life." 

It  will  be  readily  seen  that  an  organization  which  operates  under 
such  principles  and  policies  can  make  of  itself  a  great  power  in  the  life 
of  every  boy  who  is  given  the  opportunity  to  partake  of  the  program. 
Scouting  develops  the  power  of  initiative  and  makes  a  boy  remarkably 
resourceful,  in  that  the  whole  program  teaches  him  to  use  every  available 
means  from  without  and  from  within  to  make  of  himself  all  that  God 
intended  him  to  be. 

Scouting  includes,  instruction  in  first  aid,  life  saving,  tracking,  signal- 
ing, campcraft,  woodcraft,  nature  study,  chivalry,  and  all  of  the  handi- 
crafts. No  expensive  equipment  is  required.  All  that  is  needed  is  a 
group  of  boys,  a  competent  leader,  a  meeting  place,  and  the  great  out-of- 
doors,  for  the  promotion  of  the  Boy  Scout  work. 

Dean  Russell  of  Columbia  University  has  said  that  the  Boy  Scout 
Program  is  "the  most  significant  educational  contribution  of  our  time 
with  a  program  that  appeals  to  a  boy's  instincts  and  a  method  adapted 
to  a  boy's  nature."  The  Boy  Scout  learns  by  doing.  The  movement  pro- 
vides a  host  of  interesting  worth-while  things  for  the  boy  to  do  at  a 
time  when  he  is  extremely  restless  and  looking  for  an  outlet  for  his  great 
activity.  As  someone  has  said,  "It  is  learning  made  attractive  and  is 
literally  educational  in  that  it  does  not  plaster  something  on  from  the  out- 
side, but  plants  something  within  the  heart  of  the  boy  or  arouses  some- 
thing that  is  already  latent  within  his  heart  that  makes  for  constructive 
habits  and  occupations  in  a  way  that  provides  an  outlet  for  his  unbounded 
energy." 

The  need  of  such  a  program  is  obvious  to  anyone  who  is  at  all  in  touch 
with  boys  of  the  present  day.  It  has  been  estimated  that  the  average  boy 
who  is  not  working,  but  simply  attending  school,  has  on  the  average  of 
3,000  hours  spare  time  per  year.  As  a  rule  this  spare  time  period  pro- 
vides a  point  of  contact  for  the  spirited  and  energetic  boy  with  evil  influ- 
ences and  companions.  This  undirected  or  misdirected  spare  time  period 
is  utilized  by  the  boy  in  a  wav  to  suit  his  own  characteristic  fancies.  Dur- 
ing this  period  the  boy  is  guided  by  his  natural  tendencies  and  character- 
istics into  ways  of  thinking  and  into  the  doing  of  things  which  tend  to 
destroy  whatever  good  work  may  have  been  done  by  the  home,  church 
or  school.  Boys  have  many  characteristics,  but  perhaps  they  can  be 
classified  into  four  outstanding  ones,  viz :  Unbounded  energy,  adventure, 
creative  and  inventive  impulse,  and  the  religious  impulse.  The  program 
of  the  Boy  Scouts  of  America  is  so  constructed  and  builded  as  to  appeal 
to  all  of  these  instincts  in  a  way  that  receives  immediate  response  from 
practically  every  boy  twelve  vears  of  age. 

Someone  has  said  that  "Character  is  the  sum  total  of  our  emotions, 
instincts  and  attitudes  as  modified  by  experiences  which  govern  the  indi- 
vidual response  to  a  situation."  The  building  of  a  character  or  a  life  is  a 
slow  process,  but  if  builded  constructively  it  partakes  of  a  permanency 
that  is  almost  fixed,  especially  when  character  building  habits  have  been 
formed  between  the  ages  of  twelve  and  eighteen  years. 

The  energy  in  the  life  of  a  bov.  if  properly  directed,  is  the  propelling 
force  that  will  make  of  him  a  clean-cut,  upstanding,  honorable  citizen, 
equipped  to  do  his  full  duty  toward  God,  home  and  country.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  boy's  impulses  and  characteristics  mav  be  utilized  bv  evil 
minds  and  environments  that  will  build  a  life  detrimental  to  the  boy 
himself  and  to  society.  A  boy's  energy  must  be  properly  utilized,  his 
spirit   of  adventure  should  be  gratified,  and  creative  impulse  must  find 


630        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

outlet,  and  his  hero  worship  must  be  stimulated  and  directed,  along  with 
these  other  characteristics,  by  leadership  in  a  program  that  will  appeal  to 
the  boy's  mind  and  heart. 

The  program  of  the  Boy  Scouts  of  America  does  this  very  thing  in 
that  it  adapts  itself  to  the  boy  as  he  is,  not  as  one  might  wish  to  find  him, 
presenting  a  program  of  activities,  which  the  boy  not  only  accepts  volun- 
tarily, but  one  which  the  boy  takes  into  his  very  life  and  being.  Every 
detail  of  the  Boy  Scout  program  is  carried  out  in  actual  life,  and  the 
things  learned  by  the  boy  actually  become  habits.  He  is  taught  to  use 
his  eyes,  his  ears,  hands  and  feet  to  the  best  advantage,  and  he  is  also 
taught  to  use  his  head. 

Before  a  boy  can  become  a  Boy  Scout  he  must  meet  certain  require- 
ments. Here  we  will  quote  Article  Six  of  the  Constitution  and  By-Laws 
of  Program,  Section  One  and  Section  Two. 

"The  program  of  the  Boy  Scouts  of  America  shall  be  carried  out 
throughout  the  organization  of  boys  into  groups,  consisting  of  at  least  one 
and  not  more  than  four  patrols  of  eight  boys  each,  under  the  leadership 
of  a  man  of  clean,  virile  and  high  moral  character,  to  be  known  as  the 
scoutmaster.  Only  boys  who  have  passed  their  twelfth  birthday  shall  be 
eligible  to  membership.  Authority  for  enrolling  more  than  thirty-two 
boys  in  a  troop  may  be  secured  from  the  chartered  local  council  having 
jurisdiction,  or  in  case  the  troop  is  not  under  the  supervision  of  a  council 
from  the  National  Council." 

All  scouts  must  know  and  subscribe  to  the  Scout  Oath  and  Law  as 
follows : 

On  my  honor  I  will  do  my  best — 

1.  To  do  my  duty  to  God  and  my  country,  and  to  obey  tlie  Scout 
law; 

2.  To  help  other  people  at  all  times ; 

3.  To  keep  myself  physically  strong,  mentally  awake,  and  morally 
straight. 

1.  A  scout  is  trustworthy. 

A  scout's  honor  is  to  be  trusted.  If  he  were  to  violate  his  honor  by 
telling  a  lie.  or  by  cheating,  or  by  not  doing  exactly  a  given  task,  when 
trusted  on  his  honor,  he  may  be  directed  to  hand  over  his  scout  badge. 

2.  A  scout  is  loyal. 

He  is  loyal  to  all  to  whom  loyalty  is  due ;  his  scout  leader,  his  home, 
and  parents  and  country. 

3.  A  scout  is  helpful. 

He  must  be  prepared  at  any  time  to  save  life,  help  injured  persons, 
and  share  the  home  duties.  He  must  do  at  least  one  good  turn  to  some- 
body every  day. 

4.  A  scout  is  friendly. 

He  is  a  friend  to  all  and  a  brother  to  every  other  scout. 

5.  A  scout  is  courteous. 

He  is  polite  to  all,  especially  to  women,  children,  old  people,  and  the 
weak  and  helpless.    He  must  not  take  pay  for  being  helpful  or  courteous. 

6.  A  scout  is  kind. 

He  is  a  friend  to  animals.  He  will  not  kill  nor  hurt  any  living 
creature  needlessly,  but  will  strive  to  save  and  protect  all  harmless  life. 

7.  A  scout  is  obedient. 

He  obeys  his  parents,  scoutmaster,  patrol  leader,  and  all  other  duly 
constituted  authorities. 

8.  A  scout  is  cheerful. 

He  smiles  whenever  he  can.  His  obedience  to  orders  is  prompt  and 
cheery.     He  never  shirks  nor  grumbles  at  hardships. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        631 

9.  A  scout  is  thrifty. 

He  does  not  wantonly  destroy  property.  He  works  faithfully,  wastes 
nothing,  and  makes  the  best  use  of  his  opportunities.  He  saves  his  money 
so  that  he  may  pay  his  own  way,  be  generous  to  those  in  need,  and  helpful 
to  worthy  objects.  He  may  work  for  pay,  but  must  not  receive  tips  for 
courtesies  or  good  turns. 

10.  A  scout  is  brave. 

He  has  the  courage  to  face  danger  in  spite  of  fear,  and  to  stand  up 
for  the  right  against  the  coaxings  of  friends  or  the  jeers  and  threats  of 
enemies,  and  defeat  does  not  down  him. 

11.  A  scout  is  clean. 

He  keeps  clean  in  body  and  thought,  stands  for  clean  speech,  clean 
sport,  clean   habits,  and  travels   with  a  clean  crowd. 

12.  A  scout  is  reverent. 

He  is  reverent  toward  God.  He  is  faithful  in  his  religious  duties, 
and  respects  the  convictions  of  others  in  matters  of  custom  and  religion. 

There  are  three  principal  steps  in  the  Boy  Scout  Program ;  tenderfoot, 
second  class  and  first  class  scout.  The  requirements,  in  the  main,  for 
each  class  are  as  follows : 

Requirements  for  Tenderfoot 

1.  Know  the  scout  law,  motto,  sign,  salute  and  significance  of  the 
badge. 

2.  Know  the  competition  and  history  of  the  national  flag  and  the 
customary  forms  or  respect  due  it. 

3.  Tie  all  of  the  following  knots :  square  or  reef,  sheet-bend,  bowling, 
fisherman's,  sheepshank,  slip,  cove  hitch,  timber  hitch  and  two  half- 
hitches. 

He  then  takes  the  scout  oath,  is  enrolled  as  a  tenderfoot,  and  is  entitled 
to  wear  the  tenderfoot  badge. 

To  Become  a  Second  Class  Scout 
A   tenderfoot   must  pass  to  the  satisfaction   of   the  recognized   local 
scout  authorities,  the  following  tests: 

1.  At  least  one  month's  service  as  a  tenderfoot. 

2.  Elementary  signaling:  know  the  semaphore,  or  general  service 
alphabet. 

3.  Elementary  first  aid  and  bandaging. 

4.  Track  half  a  mile  in  twenty-five  minutes. 

5.  Go  a  mile  in  twelve  minutes  at  scout's  pace — about  fifty  steps 
running  and  fifty  walking,  alternately. 

6.  Use  properly  knife  or  hatchet. 

7.  Prove  ability  to  build  a  fire  in  the  open,  using  not  more  than  two 
matches. 

8.  Cook  a  quarter  of  a  pound  of  meat  and  two  potatoes  in  the  open 
without  cooking  utensils. 

9.  Earn  and  deposit  at  least  one  dollar  in  a  public  bank. 

10.  Know  the  sixteen  principal  points  of  the  compass. 

To  Become  a  First  Class  Scout 
The  second  class  scout  must  have  served  two  months  as  a  second  class 
scout  and  pass  the  following  tests : 

1.  Swim  fifty  yards. 

2.  Earn  and  deposit  at  least  two  dollars  in  a  iniblic  bank. 

3.  Send  and  receive  a  message  by  semaphore,  including  conventional 
signs,  thirty  letters  per  minute,  or  by  the  general  service  code  (Interna- 
tion  Morse),  sixteen  letters  per  minute,  including  conventional  signs. 


632         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

4.  Make  a  round  trip  alone  (or  with  another  scout)  to  a  point  at 
least  seven  miles  away  ( fourteen  miles  in  all  going  on  foot,  or  rowing 
a  boat,  and  write  a  satisfactory  account  of  the  trip  and  things  observed. 

5.  Advanced  first  aid. 

6.  Preparation  and  cooking  of  food  in  the  open. 

7.  Read  a  map  correctly,  and  draw,  from  field  notes  made  on  the 
spot,  an  intelligible  rough  sketch  map. 

8.  Use  properly  an  axe  for  felling  or  trimming  light  timber ;  or  pro- 
duce an  article  of  carpentry  or  cabinet-making  or  metal  work  made  him- 
self.    Explain  the  method  followed. 

9.  Judge  distance,  size,  number,  height  and  weight  within  twenty- 
five  per  cent. 

10.  Describe  fully  from  observation  ten  species  of  trees  or  plants  or 
six  species  of  animals,  and  describe  three  constellations  of  stars. 

11.  Furnish  satisfactory  evidence  that  he  has  put  into  practice  in  his 
daily  life  the  principles  of  the  scout  oath  and  law. 

12.  Enlist  a  boy  trained  by  himself  in  the  requirements  of  a  tender- 
foot. 

Riverside  County  has  to  date  forty-two  troops  of  Boy  Scouts,  scat- 
tered over  every  section  of  the  county  with  an  enrollment  of  over  600 
boys.  The  objective  for  the  year  is  for  fifty  troops  with  an  enrollment 
of  1,000  boys.  The  Riverside  County  Council  is  incorporated  as  a  non- 
profit corporation  and  will  promote  the  Boy  Scout  Program  as  provided 
by  the  Constitution  and  By-Laws  of  the  Boy  Scouts  of  America  in  every 
detail,  including  hikes  and  camps. 

A  permanent  camp  site  in  the  San  Jacinto  Mountains  has  been  given 
to  the  Boy  Scouts  of  Riverside  County  by  C.  L.  Emerson  of  Idyll- 
wild,  and  a  summer  camp  will  be  conducted  this  year  along  lines  approved 
by  the  National  Council. 

The  county  organization  is  operating  under  a  charter  of  the  first  class 
and  has  made  excellent  progress  in  the  Boy  Scout  movement  because  of 
the  splendid  co-operation  of  the  citizens  and  scoutmasters  who  have 
generously  given  of  their  time  and  talents  for  the  promotion  of  this  excel- 
lent program  for  boys  in  building  for  Riverside  County  a  citizenship  of 
high  quality. 

Prohibition.  Riverside  has  always  been  known  for  its  sobriety  and 
hostility  to  the  saloon,  and  possibly  if  all  had  been  of  the  same  habits  as 
the  pioneers  there  would  never  have  been  within  its  limits  any  saloon  at 
all.  Under  the  county  government  which  prevailed  at  the  time  of  settle- 
ment and  for  years  after  any  one  who  chose  could  get  a  license  to  sell 
liquor  on  payment  of  five  dollars  per  month.  The  class  of  labor  that  then 
was  to  be  had  on  the  outside,  there  being  no  other  place  to  go,  spent  much 
of  its  spare  time  in  the  saloon  and  there  being  no  regulation  of  the  saloon 
as  to  hours  and  days  they  were  kept  open  as  late  at  night  as  was  conven- 
ient and  profitable,  .Sunday  and  all.  This  was  the  case,  too,  with  the 
stores  which  would  be  open  until  nine  or  ten  o'clock  at  night  and  on 
Sunday  they  would  be  open  for  some  hours  in  the  forepart  of  the  day. 
The  saloon  question  was  one  of  the  leading  topics  that  induced  the  people 
to  move  for  incorporation  as  a  city  of  the  sixth  class.  San  Bernardino 
itself  had  more  or  less  worked  antagonistic  to  the  wishes  of  the  people 
of  Riverside  in  the  fixing  of  water  rates,  regulation  of  liquor  selling  and 
in  many  other  ways,  but  in  any  case  the  city  was  growing  steadily  and 
had  now  a  population  of  3,000  or  more  and  it  was  felt  that  self  govern- 
ment was  the  best  thing  for  all  concerned.  Then  there  was  always  a 
population  of  irresponsibles  consisting  of   Indians  and  the  flotsam  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        633 

jetsam  of  a  population  corresponding  somewhat  to  our  modern  tramp 
who  were  always  on  the  move  and  who  whenever  they  got  any  money 
spent  it  in  the  saloon. 

Now  the  Indian  (although  it  was  contrary  to  law  to  sell  him  liquor 
could  always  get  it  when  he  got  money),  has  always  been  a  peacable  citi- 
zen when  sober,  was  a  different  being  when  drunk  and  generally  kept 
among  his  own  people  when  he  was  drinking,  still  he  was  always  a  menace 
to  sober  people.  He  was  not  to  be  blamed,  although  for  under  Spanish 
customs  wine  and  brandy,  especially  wine,  was  looked  upon  as  one  of  the 
necessities,  and  was  often  paid  as  part  of  his  wages  in  liquor  by  unthink- 
ing people.  However,  it  is  not  to  be  said  against  the  Californian  that 
drunkenness  was  one  of  his  sins,  for  as  a  rule  the  Californians  were  a 
sober  race,  even  when  their  fiestas  or  merry  makings  were  going  on.  It 
is  not  to  be  supposed  that  the  Indian  was  naturally  a  drunkard  either, 
but  under  American  rule  and  American  custom  of  drinking  stronger 
liquor  the  Indian  could  not  control  himself  when  under  the  influence  of 
liquor  and  then  there  was  trouble. 

In  1883,  when  Riverside  was  incorporated  as  a  city  of  the  sixth  class 
the  second  matter  that  came  before  the  city  council  was  a  petition  pre- 
sented by  Mrs.  N.  P.  Button  (wife  of  Rev.  Chas.  Button,  minister  of  the 
First  Baptist  Church),  asking  on  behalf  of  the  women  of  the  city  that  the 
saloon  business  be  compelled  to  pay  a  license  tax  of  $100  per  month. 
The  petition  was  granted  and  thus  the  fight  against  the  saloon  was 
started.  It  was  hoped  that  regulation  by  high  license  would  be  effective 
but  although  it  cut  down  the  number  of  saloons  (at  one  time  there  were 
four  in  Riverside),  it  did  but  little  to  curb  the  liquor  habit  There  were 
those  who  advocated  a  tax  of  $500  per  month,  F.  A.  Miller  and  L.  M. 
Holt  having  appeared  before  the  city  trustees  advocating  a  measure  to 
that  eff'ect.  Thus  the  fight  went  on  until  the  county  was  organized  in  1893, 
when  an  ordinance  was  passed  by  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  the  county 
prohibiting  the  sale  of  liquor  within  the  county  limits.  The  city  itself 
being  beyond  the  jurisdiction  of  the  county  went  along  on  high  license 
nf  $2,000  per  year  until  September  6,  1897,  when  an  ordinance  was 
passed  prohibiting  the  saloon.  This  ordinance,  however,  permitted  any 
hotel  with  forty  rooms  to  supply  wine  and  beer  to  guests  at  meals  and 
this  was  tolerated  for  years  in  deference  to  tourist  traffic  which  was  said 
to  demand  such  a  provision.  The  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  among  the 
number  furnishing  liquor  to  their  guests,  Mr.  Miller  had  to  do  as  others 
did,  in  order  as  it  was  said  to  encourage  tourist  travel,  but  always  under 
protest  saying  it  was  against  his  own  wishes.  On  the  whole  this  worked 
very  well  but  there  was  always  more  or  less  drunkenness,  more  than  under 
prohibition.  When  National  prohibition  became  a  law  it  was  hailed  with 
joy  by  everyone  and  liquor  selling  became  a  thing  of  the  past.  Riverside 
was  always  in  the  lead  in  the  fight  against  the  saloon  and  was  the  first 
city  and  countv  to  take  active  action  against  the  sale  of  liquor  and  a 
drunken  man  is  never  seen  on  the  street.  The  "bootlegger"  is  not  known 
among  our  own  people  and  the  occasional  one  who  is  caught  is  either 
carrying  it  through  the  county  from  the  Mexican  border  or  a  foreign 
born  catering  to  some  of  his  own  countrymen. 

Should  prohibition  or  the  saloon  be  submitted  to  the  voters  of  the 
county  prohibition  would  carry  with  an  overwhelming  majority. 


CHAPTER  XXXVI 
MILITARY  HISTORY 

Riverside  has  always  been  loyal  and  maintained  a  consistent  and 
patriotic  position  on  all  national  questions.  Although  settled  five  years 
after  the  Civil  war,  early  in  her  history  many  war  heroes  settled  and 
became  useful  citizens.  It  is  said  that  in  the  early  days  probably  ten 
per  cent  of  the  voters  were  war  veterans.  A.  J.  Twogood.  one  of  the 
party  who  looked  up  the  location,  was  the  first,  it  will  not  be  necessary 
to  give  names.  The  first  local  G.  A.  R.  Post  organized  comprised  the 
names  of  thirty-one  members  and  that  was  not  by  any  means  all  of 
the  army  men.  There  was  also  a  sprinkling  of  Confederate  veterans  who 
all  made  good  citizens,  and  on  Decoration  day  all  were  remembered 
alike.  Some  of  them  held  responsible  offices  and  there  never  was 
brought  up  any  of  the  old  issues  of  the  war,  but  those  who  had  worn 
the  blue  or  the  grey  mingled  together  amicably.  The  issues  were  dead 
long  before  the  heroes,  who  have  sadly  diminished,  passed  away. 

In  December,  1888,  a  local  company  of  the  National  Guard  of 
California  was  organized  in  Riverside,  known  as  the  Riverside  Rifles. 
Later  it  was  reorganized  and  made  into  Company  M  of  the  Seventh 
Regiment.  Upon  the  outbreak  of  the  Spanish  war  the  company  enlisted 
for  a  two-year  term  in  the  United  States  service,  and  under  command 
of  C.  F.  Pann  arrived  at  San  Francisco  with  three  commissioned  officers 
and  one  hundred  enlisted  men.  May  7,  1898.  The  company  never  got 
further  than  San  Francisco  and  after  months  of  weary  waiting  they 
finally  returned  to  Riverside. 

In  the  World's  war  Riverside  did  her  share  in  that  conflict.  There 
were  in  all  2,348  men  drafted,  many  of  whom  went  overseas.  There 
were  many  more  preparing  to  enter  the  lists,  but  the  arniistice  proclama- 
tion on  November  11,  19i8,  put  a  sudden  stop  to  all  proceedings.  Out 
of  the  total  number  enlisted  eighty-seven  were  killed  or  died  of  disease. 
All  classes  were  represented  and  a  good  many  languages  spoken.  Students 
from  the  Indian  school  did  their  share,  some  among  their  number  being 
killed. 

All  classes  in  Riverside,  men  and  women,  strove  to  do  their  full 
share  in  preparations  where  they  were  not  eligible  for  service,  and  the 
Red  Cross  and  Salvation  Army  did  their  share  with  others,  both  in  the 
field  and  at  home.  Especially  was  there  emulation  and  pride  in  taking 
up  our  full  quota  of  bonds  whenever  it  was  necessary.  Many,  both 
soldiers  and  civilians,  vyere  disappointed  that  Berlin  was  not  reached, 
as  the  cry  "On  to  Berlin"  was  the  popular  refrain.  The  Riverside 
Military  Band  did  yeoman  service  on  all  public  occasions.  However 
as  it  was,  much  life  was  preserved  and  property  saved  from  destruction 
(even  if  the  troops  did  not  reach  Berlin)  by  the  armistice. 

John  M.  Davison,  273  Myers  Street,  this  city,  has  received  his  hon- 
orable discharge  from  the  United  States  Marine  Corps,  according  to 
advices  received  here  today  which  indicate  that  Lieut.  Col.  Giles  Bishop, 
in  charge  of  the  San  Francisco  recruiting  division,  has  fixed  his  signature 
to  the  official  papers. 

Davison  was  among  twenty-four  marine  reservists  in  Southern  Califor- 
nia to  receive  their  discharges.  He  was  with  the  marines  in  France,  and 
upon  his  discharge  was  awarded  a  good  conduct  medal  "for  faithful 
and  meritorious  service."  It  is  only  by  the  most  careful  attention  to 
634 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        635 

duty,  constant  application  and  clear  record  that  this  honor,  the  awarding 
of  a  good  conduct  medal,  can  be  obtained. 

To  the  uninitiated  the  awarding  of  this  medal  might  not  appear  very 
important,  but  to  those  who  know,  it  means  much.  It  means  for  one 
thing  that  ex-Private  Davison  has  left  the  service  to  mingle  with  his 
fellow  men  as  an  exceedingly  worthy  citizen.  It  means  that  at  any  time 
he  would  be  welcomed  back  into  the  corps,  but  most  of  all  it  means  the 
completion  of  a  meritorious  career  in  Uncle  Sam's  military  branch. 

William  C.  Evans,  son  of  P.  T.  Evans,  born  in  Riverside,  who  while 
at  Stanford  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  volunteered  for  the  army,  is  a  hov 
whose  bravery  in  the  World's  war  won  for  him  a  Congressional  medal. 
"Bill,"  as  he  familiarly  is  known  by  his  boy  and  girl  friends,  is  at  present 
at  Stanford. 

What  "Bill"  did  to  earn  a  place  in  the  book  published  by  Harry  R. 
Stringier,  under  the  title  of  "Heroes  All,"  was  never  told  by  "Bill"  and 
his  act  of  bravery  never  would  have  been  known  by  his  Riverside  friends 
had  it  not  been  that  a  copy  of  this  book  reached  the  desk  of  his  father, 
P.  T.  Evans. 

This  is  what  the  book  says  about  the  Riverside  boy  and  explains  his 
advance  from  the  rank  of  private  to  second  lieutenant  during  the 
progress  of  the  war  with  Germany  and  her  allies : 

"William  C.  Evans,  Sanitary  Detachment,  306th  Infantry.  For  extra- 
ordinary heroism  in  action  near  Bazoches,  France,  August  27-28,   1918. 

"This  soldier  showed  extraordinary  heroism  and  devotion  to  duty  by 
attending  the  wounded  without  rest  or  relief,  under  heavy  shell  fire, 
until  he  fell  unconscious  from  exhaustion.  He  remained  at  work  for 
two  days  under  circumstances  which  called  for  the  greatest  determination 
and  courage.  Home  address.  Riverside,  California."  On  the  conclu- 
sion of  the  war  Mr.  Evans  resumed  his  studies  at  Stanford  and  will 
graduate  in  June,  1922. 

John  R.  Webb.  Some  time  ago  the  press  published  a  story  of 
John  R.  Webb,  son  of  the  late  Holton  Webb  and  Mrs.  Theodore  Crossley. 
This  young  man  was  honored  by  the  government  of  France  and  received 
the  famous  Croix  de  Guerre  medal  for  his  bravery  under  fire. 

The  Riverside  boy  never  told  his  friends  just  how  he  earned  this 
honor  paid  him  by  the  French  government,  but  in  Mr.  Stringer's  book. 
"Heroes  All."  the  act  that  won  the  medal  is  told  to  Riverside  people  for 
the  first  time.    This  is  what  it  says : 

"John  R.  Webb,  second  lieutenant,  301st  Battalion  (tank  corps).  For 
extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Bellicourt.  France,  September  29. 
1918.  While  his  crew  was  engaged  in  digging  out  the  tank  which  had 
become  ditched  in  a  shell  hole  in  front  of  the  main  Hindenburg  line,  an 
enemy  machine  gun  opened  fire  on  them  at  a  distance  of  30  yards. 
Being  unable  to  use  his  guns  on  account  of  his  position,  Lieutenant  Webb 
crawled  forward  to  the  machine  gim  and  killed  the  enemy  gunners  with 
his  pistol.  His  act  enabled  the  men  to  free  the  tank,  which  subsequently 
aided  the  advancing  infantry." 

Besides  the  Croix  de  Guerre  this  Riverside  boy  was  awarded  the 
Distinguished  Service  Cross  given  by  the  United  States  Government  and 
the  Loyal  Legion  of  Honor  medal  from  the  Government  of  France. 
Besides  these  three  were  two  other  citations. 

John  R.  Webb  is  a  deputy  sheriflf  and  with  his  brother  he  is  conduct- 
ing the  Crossley  Garage  for  his  mother  at  Tenth  and  Main  streets. 


636        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Riverside  County  sent  her  share  of  nurses  and  Red  Cross  workers 
as  well  as  soldiers  to  the  World  war.  The  record  of  one  Red  Cross 
worker  would  probably  be  much  like  any  other. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Andrews,  of  Corona,  was  sent  across  with  a  unit 
chosen  and  financed  by  Stanford  University.  The  unit  was  chosen  for 
civilian  relief,  but  when  it  had  gone  as  far  as  London,  the  need  of 
American  girls  in  American  hospitals  was  so  great  that  they  immediately 
changed  to  the  army.  Miss  Andrews  was  sent  to  an  evacuation  hospital 
on  the  Meuse  River  close  in  back  of  the  Argonne,  where  the  lights  of 
battle  could  be  seen,  and  where  the  ground  trembled  from  resounding 
guns.     This  was  in  July,  1918,  just  after  the  victory  at  Chateau  Thierry. 

During  the  black  days  of  the  Argonne  and  St.  Mihiel,  Miss  Andrews 
was  the  only  Red  Cross  worker  in  a  hospital  with  a  capacity  of  2. 500  and 
most  of  the  time  the  beds  were  filled  with  boys  who  needed  her  help. 
Bandaging,  interpreting  for  prisoners,  hunting  news  about  men  missing 
in  action,  writing  letters  for  the  helpless,  and  distributing  supplies  and 
cheer,  was  the  Red  Cross  workers  job,  until  after  the  Armistice,  often 
working  with  nurses  and  doctors  forty-eight  hours  in  wind  and  rain  and 
horrors  and  dangers  of  war  with  few  moments  of  rest  at  a  time. 

After  November  11,  Miss  Andrews  received  an  appointment  to 
Coblenz,  Germany,  with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  but  decided  to  go  with 
her  unit  to  the  embarkation  port  of  St.  Nazairre,  so  after  a  few  weeks  in 
Nice  and  Southern  France,  she  joined  her  unit  in  February,  1919,  and 
began  hunting  information  about  the  men  missing  in  action,  from  men 
going  home.  This  work  was  less  interesting,  but  valuable  to  the  govern- 
ment and  consoling  to  the  ones  who  had  lost  their  sons  and  brothers  in 
the  war. 

In  July,  1919,  the  camp  broke  up  and  Miss  Andrews  with  another 
member  of  the  unit  went  to  Belgium  and  then  down  the  Rhine,  visiting 
the  English  soldiers  at  Cologne,  the  American  soldiers  at  Coblenz  and 
the  French  at  Wiesbaden.  After  a  short  stay  in  Paris,  they  were  sent 
to  Italy  and  later  in  August  sailed  for  the  United  States  from  Genoa, 
by  way  of  Gibralter. 

Miss  Ada  L.  Corkhill,  of  611  East  Sixth  Street,  Corona,  California, 
was  enrolled  in  the  Red  Cross  Nursing  Service  in  1917.  She  was  assigned 
to  Camp  Cody  in  Deming,  New  Mexico,  where  she  began  active  service 
in  the  Base  Hospital,  January  15,  1918.  After  seven  months'  service 
she  received  orders  to  proceed  to  New  York.  Arrived  in  New  York 
Augvist  5th  where  she  was  assigned  to  duty  with  Base  Hospital  No.  51. 
After  three  weeks  preparation  sailed  for  France.  August  24th,  on  the 
LaFrance.  Arrived  in  Brest,  September  3rd,  where  four  days  were 
spent  at  the  Pontenzen  Barracks.  On  September  7th  boarded  a  French 
train  with  her  unit  and  after  four  days  and  nights  arrived  at  Toul. 
where  were  situated  the  evacuation  hospitals  and  were  in  time  to  care 
for  the  wounded  from  the  St.  Mihiel  drive.  February  13,  1919,  left 
Toul  for  Brest,  where  a  number  of  days  were  spent  at  the  Pontenzen 
Barracks.  Sailed  for  the  United  States  on  the  Great  Northern,  arriving 
in  New  York,  March  3d:  arrived  in  Corona  March  16,  1919,  and  relieved 
from  active  service,  April  24,  1919. 


CHAPTER  XXXVII 
OTHER  SUBJECTS 

The  Labor  Question.  The  question  of  labor  has  always  been  a  great 
one  and  is  probably  as  settled  as  any  problematical  question  possibly  can 
be  for  Riverside.  Naturally,  in  a  settlement  where  all  were  workers, 
there  could  not  arise  the  prejudice  against  labor  that  otherwise  would 
where  there  were  classes.  There  has  never  been  in  Riverside  anything 
like  what  might  be  termed  aristocracy  as  in  a  community  where  theiv 
were  slaves  and  masters,  or  as  under  Spanish  rule,  where  there  was  the 
grandees  and  more  or  less  of  peonage  and  where  were  granted  large 
tracts  of  land  to  which  required  a  large  following  to  look  after  the 
interests  of  the  owner.  Apart  from  the  South  where  slavery  prevailed 
the  nearest  approach  that  has  been  in  the  United  States  to  any  of  these 
systems  were  the  large  cattle  ranges,  but  they,  however,  were  on  a 
different  system  and  the  cowboys  from  a  different  class  and  possessed  of 
more  or  less  education.  The  very  existence  of  either  peonage  or  slavery 
depends  on  ignorance.  The  peon  had  no  opportunity  and  the  slave  was 
not  given  any  and  it  was  a  crime  under  the  law  to  educate  the  slave. 

Under  a  system  of  small  holdings  like  Riverside,  in  the  very  nature 
of  things,  education  is  one  of  the  essentials  and  when  it  is  known  that 
in  Riverside  44  cents  out  of  every  dollar  paid  in  for  taxes  goes  for 
education  and  that  Corona,  one  of  the  leading  cities  outside  of  the 
county  seat  pays  $6,000  per  annum  for  conveyance  of  pupils  to  her  central 
schools,  it  will  be  seen  just  how  much  the  matter  of  education  occupies 
the  attention  of  our  people.  Not  only  that — Spanish,  Mexican,  Indian 
and  foreigner,  who  are  unable  to  speak  English,  are  all  received  in  our 
public  schools  on  the  same  footing  and  educated  side  by  side  with  the 
native  born  American  it  will  be  seen  how  the  matter  of  equality  before 
the  law  prevails  where  everyone  does  their  own  labor.  It  is,  however, 
found  in  practice  that  reasons  of  utility  and  convenience  point  to  a  better 
system  by  a  separation  of  those  who  do  not  understand  or  speak  English 
fluently  for  a  time  at  least. 

Under  the  system  of  equality  of  education  it  would  be  almost  an 
impossibility  to  make  any  very  invidious  distinction  in  the  matter  of 
labor  and  there  is  nothing  to  prevent  anyone  from  getting  the  highest 
education  they  are  capable  of.  The  law  again  proclaims  the  equality  of 
all,  but  it  cannot  create  equality  of  individuality  it  gives  equal  oppor- 
tunity. But  although  opportunities  are  open  to  all  in  spite  of  educa- 
tional and  other  opportunities  when  it  comes  to  actual  life  there  arise 
inequalities  and  some  are  capable  of  one  thing  and  some  of  another  and 
so  there  need  be  no  fear  that  all  will  be  likely  to  select  the  most  genteel 
or  more  renwnerative  occupations. 

To  meet  the  difficulty  of  getting  labor  in  the  necessary  demand  the 
great  resort  at  first  was  to  Chinese.  There  was  in  the  late  70s  and  the 
early  '80s  a  surplus  of  Chinamen  who  were  brought  into  the  country  in 
great  numbers  to  help  build  the  Central  and  Union  Pacific  railroads 
and  when  the  railroads  were  built,  that  labor  was  cheap  and  plenty  and 
filled  the  emergency  fairly  well.  But  it  was  soon  found  that  although 
they  were  all  right  on  railroad  work  when  they  came  into  our  settle- 
ments it  was  not  a  desirable  element  in  our  newer  settlements  nor  in  house- 
holds where  they  filled  the  places  of  domestics  and  when  the  Chinese 
exclusion  act  was  passed  by  Congress  they  gradually  disappeared.  Then 
637 


638         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

came  the  Japanese  in  our  fruit  business  to  fill  out  the  demand  for  a  more 
skilled  class  of  labor  which  demand  they,  on  the  whole,  satisfied  better 
than  the  Chinese,  but  in  practice  they  were  not  so  dependable,  for  they 
would  take  advantage  of  employers  when  more  advantageous  oppor- 
tunities arose  and  were  ambitious  of  entering  business  for  themselves. 
Now  they  in  a  large  nieasure  control  the  vegetable  and  small  fruit  market, 
not  only  here,  but  in  the  Imperial  Valley.  What  may  be  the  result  of  the 
present  agitation  against  the  Japanese  on  the  Pacific  can  hardly  be  fore- 
seen in  view  of  the  fact  that  eastern  people  and  politicians  are  not  alive 
to  the  facts  in  the  case  or  the  future  consequences.  We  here  can  only 
trust  to  the  good  sense  of  the  American  people  to  do  in  the  end  what  is 
right  and  what  ought  to  be  the  rights  of  nations  as  of  individuals  to 
say  who  may  or  may  not  be  welcome  to  our  homes  or  residents  of  our 
nation. 

On  public  works  or  as  section  men  on  our  railways,  the  Mexican 
appears  to  be  filling  the  demand  for  labor  in  which  physical  force  is  the 
main  requisite,  and  the  Mexican  is  fairly  satisfactory  in  these  depart- 
ments of  labor.  In  more  particular  callings,  such  as  orange  and  deciduous 
fruit  picking  and  handling  native  born  Mexicans  who  have  been  educated 
in  our  public  schools,  are  coming  to  be  used  very  largely  and  the  women 
in  cutting  fuit  in  the  canneries  or  in  orange  packing  are  taking  their 
places  largely  alongside  of  American  women  and  the  large  sums  of  money 
paid  out  in  this  way  being  kept  at  home  is  adding  very  much  to  the 
comfort  of  families  and  to  building  up  Southern  California.  Recent 
state  legislation  in  favor  of  women  workers  has  made  a  great  improve- 
ment in  the  situation  causing  much  more  contentment  and  enabling  many 
to  make  comfortable  homes.  To  all  appearances  now  the  labor  situation 
is  settled  and  there  is  not  the  strife  and  discord  that  appears  to  prevail 
where  large  bodies  are  unionized  and  determined  to  rule  or  ruin  the 
country.  Co-operation  between  employer  and  employee  is  more  the  rule 
in  Southern  California  than  it  is  anywhere  else  and  is  one  of  the  factors 
that  is  making  Southern  California  the  land  of  promise  for  the  weary 
ones  of  the  nation. 

Ex-peons  and  the  lower  classes  from  Mexico  have  been  brought  over 
the  border  to  help  in  the  cotton  fields  and  in  other  ways,  but  it  is  not 
so  valuable  as  native  born,  educated  in  the  public  schools.  Under  present 
conditions  no  anxiety  is  felt  on  the  labor  situation. 

Roads.  Riverside  has  always  been  noted  for  its  good  roads.  The 
soil  being  a  fine  loam  mixed  with  more  or  less  clay  on  the  bench  lands, 
always  packs  well  and  remains  so  during  the  dry  season.  In  the  rainy 
season,  however,  in  continued  rains  travel  makes  them  very  muddy. 

The  old  Mexican  roads  were  usually  followed,  as  they  in  general 
chose  the  locations  of  easiest  travel  and  grades.  Not  much  could  be  done 
at  first  on  account  of  lack  of  means  and  appliances.  Riverside  was 
founded  before  the  great  discoveries  in  oil  gave  California  the  advantages 
she  lacked  in  regard  to  fuel  and  lighting.  This  was,  too,  before  Wizard 
Edison  did  so  much  with  electricity,  the  telephone  and  the  phonograph, 
and  it  was  impossible  to  conceive  of  the  changes  that  were  going  to  be 
made  on  account  of  these  discoveries  and  their  application.  Not  only 
have  they  contributed  to  the  people's  necessities,  but  to  their  pleasures,  and 
destroyed  forever  the  inconveniences  of  isolation  and  distance  from 
civilized  centers.  First  came  the  oiled  roads,  and  almost  simultaneously 
the  automobile.  For  a  short  time  it  looked  as  if  the  bicycle  was  going 
to  supersede  the  horse  in  many  ways  as  a  convenience  in  getting  around 
the   neighborhood,    but   man-power   was    too    expensive,    when    gasoline 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        639 

came  into  use.  The  bicycle,  however,  had  its  brief  day  and  influence 
towards  better  roads.  The  railroad  was  supposed  to  be  the  last  and  final 
thing  in  long-distance  travel  as  well  as  urban  and  interurban  travel  in 
Southern  California,  where  little  cities  are  so  close  together,  but  just 
when  the  railroad  was  being  the  accepted  climax  of  everything  in  locomo- 
tion and  lines  of  travel  by  vehicles  were  being  neglected,  along  comes  the 
automobile,  demanding  better  roads,  and  owners  of  automobiles  were 
having  influence  in  civic  and  political  centers  and  good  roads  became  one 
of  the  necessities  of  the  situation.  Oil  for  surfacing  and  laying  the  dust 
came  into  general  use  and  was  admirable  in  its  way  and  the  street 
sprinkler  went  into  oblivion  and  an  expensive  relic  of  the  past.  Oil  with  a 
coating  of  sand  to  give  body  to  it  was  cheaper  than  water  and  much 
cleaner.  No  longer  had  the  family  carriage  and  later  the  automobile  to 
be  washed  almost  daily  to  remove  the  mud  arising  from  street  sprinkling 
or  from  rain,  the  oiled  road  was  clean,  rain  or  shine. 

It  was  but  a  step  from  the  oiled  surface  to  the  macadam  and  con- 
crete. The  oiled  road  was  so  much  better  for  light  travel,  and  soon 
the  freighter  found  it  out  and  the  increased  loads  broke  through  the  oiled 
surface  and  the  macadam  and  concrete  took  the  travel  and  the  better 
road  took  again  the  heavier  load  to  an  almost  unbelievable  extent  and 
again  the  roads  would  not  stand  the  strain  and  the  strife  between  the 
solid  roads  became  almost  a  game  as  to  which  would  prevail.  The  better 
the  road  the  heavier  the  truck  load,  until  nothing  could  be  devised  to  meet 
it  unless  we  got  heavy  steel  or  some  such  substitute,  but  the  powers  that 
be  and  that  are  ordained  of  men  came  to  the  rescue  and  made  rules  that 
the  load  must  be  restricted  to  a  reasonable  extent,  and  it  looks  now  as 
if  the  new  roads  will  stand  the  strain.  At  least  that  is  the  last  word 
in  travel. 

Incidentally  the  railroads  have  profited  by  the  new  application  of 
oil,  and  with  oil-burning  locomotives  and  oiled  roads  travelers  by  rail 
can  enjoy  the  best  features  of  our  Southern  California  and  ride  in  com- 
fort with  open  doors  and  windows  without  the  discomforts  of  smoke, 
cinders  or  dust.  Verily  we  do  not  know  what  riches  we  have  until  we 
begin  to  count  them  up. 

One  of  the  greatest  arguments  in  favor  of  city  incorporation  and  later 
on  for  county  division  was  the  crying  need  of  better  roads  and  streets, 
bridges  included.  The  newer  and  more  progressive  settlers  that  were  com- 
ing in  were  not  satisfied  with  the  way  in  which  streets  and  roads  were 
built  and  kept  up,  for  nothing  stamps  the  character  of  a  settlement  more 
than  its  roads  unless  it  may  be  its  schools.  At  any  rate.  Riverside  has 
always  been  in  the  lead  in  those  two  things.  For  street  purposes  we  have 
always  had  granite  and  other  materials  for  road  building.  In  earlier 
times  a  good  coating  of  rotten  granite  made  a  substantial  and  good 
covering  for  common  use.  When  oil  came  into  use  its  application  was  a 
further  improvement,  until  concrete  and  oil  are  the  ultimate  in  city  and 
country  roads  and  streets.  The  first  experiment  that  Riverside  County 
undertook  on  a  large  scale  was  the  Box  Springs  Road  up  a  canyon  four 
or  five  miles  long  leading  to  the  Perris  Valley  and  the  eastern  end  of 
the  county. 

The  Perris  Valley  is  some  400  feet  higher  than  the  Riverside  Valley, 
with  a  rockv  and  in  places  steep  canyon  to  climb.  Five  miles  of  a  uniform 
grade  was  built  not  in  any  place  to  exceed  five  per 'cent  rise.  One  deep 
but  narrow  wash  had  to  be  crossed  by  a  fill  with  a  concrete  culvert  of 
ample  capacity  for  storm  water  underneath,  all  done  without  bonds  at 
a  cost  of  $12,000.  This  was  such  an  improvement  and  possibly  the  best 
road  and  grade  at  the  time  in  Southern  California  that  it  showed  that 


640         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

good  roads  were  not  so  unattainable  as  was  at  first  thought.  It  has 
been  improved  since  by  concreting  and  planting  of  shade  trees  on  the 
sides  of  the  road  so  that  it  will  in  time  be  an  attractive  drive  at  all 
times  of  the  year. 

Since  that  road  has  been  built  many  more  miles  have  been  built  on 
all  the  main  roads,  so  that  the  traveler  can  hardly  go  anywhere  without 
a  good  road  to  travel  on  and  the  good  work  still  goes  on  and  the  roads 
are  a  great  aid  to  the  school,  for  the  small  country  school  is  being  done 
away  with  and  the  scholar  is  being  carried  by  auto  bus  to  educational 
centers,  where  the  advantages  are  much  better.  No  longer  does  the 
barefooted  boy  going  to  or  coming  from  school  loiter  and  play  by  the 
way,  causing  anxiety  to  the  mother  and  throwing  responsibility  on  the 
teacher,  for  the  auto  bus  calls  for  him  in  the  morning  and  delivers  him 
fresh  and  sound  at  the  schoolhouse,  and  when  the  studies  are  over  he  is 
whisked  home  again  fresh  to  help  with  the  chores  or  to  pursue  his  studies 
further — and  so  the  good  road  is  contributing  to  the  better  education  of 
the  school  children. 

The  automobile  and  the  auto  truck  are  conquering  the  .desert.  No 
longer  does  the  horse  team  crawl  over  the  sandy  desert,  say  of  ninety 
miles  from  Mecca  to  Blythe.  at  the  rate  of  two  miles  per  hour  (resting 
in  the  heat  of  the  day,  traveling  early  and  late  and  in  the  night),  with  the 
sun  at  140  degrees,  carrying  water  for  four  days.  Already  there  is  a 
half-way  well.  The  automobile  truck  flies  over  the  road  now  in  four 
or  five  hours,  traveling  in  the  night  time  to  escape  the  overpowering 
sun's  rays  in  the  summer  months.  Alacadam  and  oil  will  still  further 
reduce  the  time  to  two  or  three  hours  and  the  desert  will  be  finally 
overcome.  It  may  be  that  the  flying  machine  will  supplant  all  other 
means  of  travel  for  passengers,  and  the  great  and  almost  impassable 
deserts  where  the  early  pioneers  toiled  and  in  many  cases  left  their 
bones  bleaching  on  the  desert,  will  be  held  up  for  the  heroes  they  were, 
for  if  they  had  not  striven  and  concjuered  later  comers  could  not  have 
reaped  the  reward. 

How  I  Made  Adobes  in  the  Early  Days.  (By  F.  A.  Miller.)  The 
word  adobe  is  of  very  ancient  origin,  coming  to  us  directly  from  the 
Spanish  down  through  Arabic  from  the  Egyptian  hieroglyph,  meaning 
"brick."  Adobe  is  the  Spanish-American  word  for  the  sun-dried  clay 
used  by  the  Indians  for  building  in  some  of  the  Southwestern  states  of 
the  American  Union  and  was  in  use  in  Mexico  and  Peru 

This  style  of  building  is  best  suited  for  a  dry,  arid  climate  and  one 
where  timber  is  scarce  unless  protected  in  some  way.  Wooden  houses 
are  an  invention  of  the  American,  worthy  successors  of  the  log  cabin 
and  only  economical  and  possible  under  the  modern  machine,  the  saw  mill. 
Previous  to  the  saw  mill  the  whip  saw  and  the  sawpit  with  the  top  sawyer 
and  the  under  one  laboring  and  sweating  to  turn  out  the  few  boards  neces- 
sary for  finishing  a  house.  The  stone  and  brick  walls  of  the  European 
style  were  pretty  much  of  an  afterthought  in  this  country  and  took  much 
time  and  preparation  in  their  erection,  but  the  American  with  his  labor- 
saving  devices  could,  if  necessary,  put  up  his  rude  habitation  alone. 

It  has  been  put  down  almost  as  an  axiom  by  the  modern  American  that 
those  who  came  before  us  on  this  continent  did  not  know  very  much  and 
that  modem  invention  was  a  necessity  before  we  could  enter  into  and 
enjoy  our  possessions  to  the  fullest  here.  Experience,  however,  is  teach- 
ing us  that  each  people  with  the  appliances  at  hand  has  been  able  to  make 
the  best  of  the  situation  as  they  found  it. 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES         641 

The  old  Padres  with  their  vows  of  perpetual  poverty  and  niortihcation 
of  the  flesh  as  a  healthy  religious  exercise  and  never  using  an  animal  for 
riding  purposes  in  their  peregrinations  from  mission  to  mission  in  imita- 
tion of  our  Saviour,  naturally  choose  the  most  severe  in  daily  life,  and, 
that  comfort  in  our  sense  of  the  word  would  be  a  useless  pandering  to 
the  lusts  of  the  flesh,  but  such  in  actual  practice  is  not  really  the  case 
for  the  missions  as  built  were  models  of  adaptability  to  our  California 
climate.  It  may  be,  however,  looked  at  from  the  standpoint  of  their  times 
that  the  mission  buildings  were  really  houses  of  God  and  so  on  the  usage 
from  time  immemorial  that  nothing  was  too  good  in  the  service  of  God, 
therefore,  in  building  his  houses  everything  should  be  as  grand  as  possible 
and  everything  in  this  connection  should  be  of  the  very  best.  Therefore 
for  purposes  of  use  the  mission  buildings  had  everything  of  the  best. 
Naturally  the  most  readily  available  material  would  be  in  use — and  so  in 
the  first  place  clay  was  the  material  used.  Afterward  if  more  durable 
material  was  desired  brick  and  stone  could  be  used. 

Modern  science  and  experience  are  showing  us  that  after  all,  clay  is 
about  as  comfortable  in  use  for  modern  dwellings  in  our  time  and  after 
being  tried  for  a  time  and  partially  abandoned,  it  is  again  coming  into  use. 
Reinforced  concrete  has  been  popular,  durable  and  safe,  but  is  not  in 
reality  as  comfortable  as  adobe  is  a  greater  non-conductor  of  heat  and  cold. 

As  made  under  modern  conditions  the  process  is  very  simple.  The 
English  method  built  the  clay  in  the  wails  as  often  as  one  batch  after 
another  could  be  gotten  ready  so  that  the  wall  was  in  one  solid  piece  when 
completed.  The  Spanish  method,  however,  is  the  same  as  mentioned  in 
the  Book  of  Exodus  where  they  were  made  with  straw.  Whatever  may 
have  been  the  situation  in  Egypt  in  ancient  times  and  the  conditions  in 
regard  to  the  use  of  straw  in  making  adobes,  no  straw  is  required  in 
making  adobes  in  Riverside,  for  it  is  a  drawback  rather  than  an  advan- 
tage to  use  straw.  In  some  places,  however,  owing  to  the  peculiar 
clay  used  they  are  apt  to  crack  in  drying  and  the  use  of  straw,  or  some 
such  material,  may  make  it  hold  together  better. 

With  our  ordinary  loamy  soil  here  no  special  preparation  is  needed 
for  about  one-half  each  of  the  top  soil  and  of  the  sub-soil  make  a  good 
admixture.  If  there  is  too  much  clay  in  the  soil  an  admixture  of  sand 
is  beneficial  and  will  make  harder  bricks.  The  soil  and  sub-soil  only 
need  to  be  dug  up  and  thoroughly  mixed  by  turning  over.  When  fully 
mixed  water  is  added  and  the  whole  body  made  of  a  uniform  wetness. 
Some  people  use  horses  or  oxen  in  mixing  while  others  keep  turning 
over  with  the  shovel  until  it  gets  of  a  uniform  consistency.  The  good 
old  way  with  the  Mission  Fathers  was  to  get  the  Indians  to  turn  in  and 
mix  it  with  the  bare  feet  until  it  is  well  mixed  up.  In  warm  weather, 
which  is  always  the  best  time,  this  was  agreeable  and  beneficial  exercise. 
Where  any  quantity  was  to  be  made  Indians  make  the  best  of  helpers. 
As  only  a  small  batch  can  be  made  at  a  time,  owing  to  its  getting  too  dry 
before  moulding,  the  operation  has  to  be  repeated  often. 

A  smooth,  clean  drying  place  has  to  be  prepared  in  advance  con- 
venient to  the  pit  in  which  the  material  is  prepared.  Whatever  the  size 
of  brick  decided  upon,  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  wall,  it  cannot 
be  much  less  in  thickness  than  one  foot  as  at  best  there  cannot  be  much 
bond  in  the  clay.  A  form  the  size  of  the  brick  required  must  be  made. 
Four  by  eight  by  twelve  inches  makes  a  fair  size,  for  if  much  larger 
than  that,  they  are  heavy  to  handle.  The  frame  is  then  set  out  in  the 
drying  yard  and  the  tempered  clay  is  then  carried  in  the  hands  or  in  a 
barrow,  hand  or  wheel,  and  is  then  put  in  the  mold.  When  full  and  well 
pressed  in,  the  mold  is  lifted  and  the  brick  left  to  dry  while  the  others  are 


642         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

beiofj  moulded.  In  this  way  the  field  of  a  size  required  is  pjradually  filled 
up  until  the  required  number  is  made.  It  takes  a  few  days  to  dry  them. 
As  soon  as  dry  enough  to  handle  they  are  turned  up  on  their  side  until 
quite  dry  and  hard  when  they  can  be  stacked  in  piles  until  ready  for  the 
building^. 

If  rain  should  come  while  drying  it  is  disastrous  as  it  will  melt  and 
spoil  the  shape,  rendering  remoulding  necessary.  Aiter  the  bricks  are 
fully  dry  they  are  used  in  the  building  the  same  as  any  other  bricks, 
using  clay  for  mortar  in  place  of  lime  and  cement. 

Modern  methods  of  finish,  use  cement  for  plaster  in  various  fancy 
rough  forms  of  rustic.  When  finished  and  whitewashed  or  tinted  the 
building  is  both  durable  and  comfortable  and  is  getting  more  popular. 

Cemeteries.  Without  any  intention  of  joke  it  would  appear  to  be  a 
very  grave  subject  to  say  something  about  our  cemeteries.  But  there  is 
not  any  reason  in  the  world  why  we  should  look  on  them  with  sadness 
or  grief. 

Evergreen  Cemetery,  one  of  two  cemeteries  in  Riverside,  is  the  oldest, 
having  been  reserved  by  the  Southern  California  Colony  Association  for 
cemetery  purposes  at  the  time  of  laying  of?  of  the  colony  grounds 
and  consisted  of  one  two  and  a  half  acre  block  and  originally  included  in 
the  mile  square.  As  Riverside  has  outgrown  the  estimates  of  its  founders 
so  has  the  cemetery  which  now  embraces  seventeen  and  a  half  acres 
with  a  prospective  need  at  a  no  very  distant  future  of  ten  acres  more. 

I  cannot  describe  Evergreen  Cemetery  better  than  by  quoting  from  the 
by-laws  of  tlie  company,  as  follows :  "Evergreen  Cemetery  is  a  beautiful 
burial  ground,  ideally  located  at  the  foot  of  the  rugged  Mount  Rubidoux, 
convenient  and  easy  of  access  by  paved  roads. 

"The  grounds  are  laid  out  on  the  park  and  lawn  system  and  all  lots 
are  sold  on  the  perpetual  care  ]>lan.  The  association  is  non-dividend 
paying;  the  surplus  cash  available  from  year  to  year  is  deposited  in  a 
trust  fund  held  by  the  association.  This  fund  is  constantly  increasing  and 
is  invested  in  United  States  bonds,  mortgage  loans  and  other  first  class 
securities. 

"The  revenue  from  these  investments  is  used  for  the  maintenance 
of  the  lots  which  absolutely  guarantees  perpetuity.  The  board  of  trustees 
receive  no  remuneration  whatever  for  their  services." 

The  cemetery  filled  up  very  slowly  for  the  first  twenty  years  and  was 
very  much  neglected  when  at  a  meeting  of  the  trustees  of  the  association 
consisting  of  Dr.  K.  D.  Shugart,  G.  D.  Carleton,  P.  S.  Russell,  D.  C. 
Twogood  and  I.  W.  Atherton,  there  were  elected  Wm.  McBean,  D.  A. 
Correll,  J-  M.  Drake,  J.  C.  Hardman,  John  A.  Sinims,  who  immediately 
proceded  to  put  the  grounds  in  good  shape  and  to  straighten  out  other 
nmtters  that  were  needing  attention.  They  were  able  to  obtain  a  complete 
record  of  all  burials  and  at  the  first  regular  annual  meeting  the  following 
members  were  elected :  John  A.  Simms,  president ;  E.  B.  Culnan,  vice 
president ;  J.  C.  Hardman,  secretary  and  treasurer ;  John  F.  Backstrand, 
H.  H.  Hinde,  S.  L.  Wright,  members  of  the  board  of  trustees.  Mr.  Hard- 
man  has  continued  in  office  ever  since  and  it  is  to  his  efforts,  supported  by 
the  other  members  of  the  board,  that  we  have  what  is  today  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  and  well  kept  cemeteries  in  Southern  California.  The 
superintendent,  Robert  McFarlane,  is  also  the  right  man  for  the  place, 
for  in  addition  to  his  regular  duties  he  has  annually  one  of  the  finest 
displays  of  chrysanthemums  to  be  found  in  Southern  California.  At 
first  there  were  no  regulations  in  regard  to  burials  and  all  the  wonder 
is  that  any  record  was  kept  at  all. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         643 

The  trustees  are  very  much  hampered  by  state  laws  that  prevent  any 
sale  or  transfer  of  lots  by  individuals,  which  in  case  of  families  moving 
away  or  getting  extinct  leaves  in  many  cases  much  unoccupied  ground 
necessitating  much  more  land  for  burial  purposes.  It  is  not  like  older 
countries  where  the  same  ground  can  be  repeatedly  used,  for  here  in 
California  the  area  of  burying  grounds  is  constantly  increasing.  How- 
ever, the  trustees  have  power  to  regulate  the  matter  of  monuments  and 
in  one  part  of  the  cemetery  there  are  no  upstanding  monuments.  Look- 
ing back  at  the  past,  great  efYorts  were  made  by  prominent  men  of  their 
time  to  perpetuate  their  name  and  fame  of  whom  now  nothing  remains. 
In  the  catacombs  of.  Rome  and  other  places  there  still  remain  names,  but 
when  the  modern  sight-seer  inquires  who  the  parties  were,  or  to  whom 
the  names  belonged,  no  answer  can  be  given  except  to  a  very  few  and 
even  they  are  hardly  known  as  benefactors  of  the  race.  Even  more  so 
is  this  the  case  in  regard  to  the  pyramids  which  are  commonly  classed  as 
tombs,  but  may  have  had  a  significance  apart  from  their  use  as  tombs. 
But  when  we  look  back  to  the  dim  and  unwritten  past,  and  ask  where 
are  all  those  who  lived  before  us  and  their  place  of  burial  when  not  cre- 
niated,  we  know  no  more  about  where  yesterday's  wind  and  force  that 
carried  it  along  is  today.  Even  the  Egyptian  mummies  preserved,  but 
unknown  in  our  time,  have  been  used  as  fertilizer  at  times.  While  we 
like  to  preserve  the  remains  of  our  loved  ones  who  have  been  laid  ten- 
derly and  tearfully  away,  who  knows  when  we  are  laid  away  there  will 
be  any  to  keep  our  memory  green  or  whether  oblivion  may  overtake  us? 
Even  if  we  are  noted  in  our  community  where  we  have  lived  and  died, 
who  knows  whether  the  name  and  fame  we  have  built  up  will  endure 
for  "the  fashion  of  this  world  passeth  away?" 

There  is  also  an  expensive  mausoleum  where  those  who  do  not  wish 
to  have  their  remains  mix  with  common  clay  may  be  interred.  It  is 
in  use  by  some,  but  although  owned  by  an  outside  association  will  ulti- 
mately fall  to  the  cemetery  authorities. 

Olivewood  cemetery  is  some  distance  out  from  the  city  center,  but 
has  not  been  used  for  so  long  a  time  and  not  having  as  much  of  a  reserve 
fund,  is  not  in  as  high  state  of  ornamentation  and  beauty  as  Evergreen 
Cemetery.  It  contains  thirty  or  more  acres  and  occupies  a  beautiful  slope 
in  amphitheatre  fashion  which  will  give  it  great  beauty  when  fully 
improved. 

A  Snowstorm  in  Riverside.  The  following  account  of  a  snow- 
storm in  Riverside,  written  by  Mrs.  John  J.  Hewitt  whose  family  were 
early  settlers  in  Riverside  after  Riverside  became  known  for  orange 
growing,  will  give  the  humorous  side  of  some  of  our  weather  experiences. 
There  is  no  record  of  such  a  snowstorm  before  or  since.  Beyond  break- 
ing a  few  limbs  off  our  citrus  trees,  nothing  of  harm  otherwise  came  of 
it.  and  it  illustrates  the  saying  among  old  Californians  that  you  cannot 
judge  the  climate  by  anything  that  has  passed.  The  only  thing  at  all 
like  it  was  in  August,  1884,  when  there  was  a  thunderstorm  accompanied 
by  hail,  which  lasted  for  two  hours  and  the  rainfall  amounted  in  all  to 
two  inches.     It  was  purely  local,  not  extending  very  far  in  any  direction. 

My  husband,  John  J.  Hewitt  and  myself  with  two  little  children  left 
Freeport,  Illinois,  in  a  raging  snowstorm,  almost  a  blizzard,  bound  for 
the  Golden  State— California— on  the  20th  of  December,  1881.  On  the 
24th  of  December  we  landed  in  Denver.  Colo.,  where  we  spent  the  holi- 
days— leaving  there  on  January  2nd,  1882,  and  arriving  in  Riverside  on 
January  6,  1882,  having  left  the  cars  at  Colton  and  finished  our  trip  in 
the  old  style  Oxford  stage  coach  drawn  by  four  horses  and  driven  by 


644         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

a  Mr.  Robinson.  .\s  we  wheeled  into  tlie  ^-ard  in  front  of  the  Glenwood 
Tavern  among  the  orange  trees,  my  first  thouglit  was — we  have  dropped 
right  into  Paradise.  Every  turn  we  made  our  eyes  beheld  great  large 
yellow  oranges  and  flowers  of  every  description.  We  were  kindly  wel- 
comed by  the  master  of  the  tavern,  Mr.  Frank  Miller  and  his  efficient 
manageress,  his  sister,  Miss  Alice  Miller,  now  Mrs.  Richardson,  who  still 
holds  the  same  position,  and  made  to  feel  quite  at  home. 

In  the  evening  after  putting  my  little  girls  to  bed,  Mr.  Hewitt  and 
I  wended  our  way  downstairs  to  the  parlor  which  then  was  the  long 
middle  room  of  the  present  abode,  and  was  both  parlor  and  office,  to 
see  and  get  acquainted  with  other  guests  of  the  tavern.  As  I  was  anxi- 
ous to  obtain  all  the  information  possible  concerning  our  new  abode 
where  we  expected  to  live  for  the  next  three  or  four  months,  I  com- 
menced asking  questions  of  Miss  Miller. 

Among  other  questions  I  asked  her  if  they  ever  had  any  snow  here 
— her  reply  was,  "Oh !  no — there  never  has  been  any  snow  here  within 
the  recollection  of  the  oldest  inhabitant."  I  made  answer  that  it  seemed 
to  me  very  strange  with  snow  so  near  on  the  mountains  which  were  in 
l>lain  sight.  She  ciualified  her  answer  by  saying,  "Oh,  it  never  comes  any 
nearer  than  the  mountains."     Pretty  soon  we  retired  for  the  night. 

The  next  morning  when  I  looked  out  of  the  window  snowflakes  were 
falling  so  thick  we  could  scarcely  see  out.  I  said  to  my  husband,  "Just 
see  the  snow — Miss  Miller  said  it  never  snowed  here,  not  within  the 
recollection  of  the  oldest  inhabitant."  He  said,  "Well,  she  certainly  has 
made  a  mistake  this  time."  We  went  downstairs  to  breakfast,  and  as  we 
entered  the  dining  room  we  met  Miss  Miller  coming  out.  I  said  to  her, 
"Miss  Miller,  what  do  you  call  that  stuff  falling  down  out  there?"  She 
said,  "Oh,  don't  speak  to  me!  I  am  so  ashamed  I  don't  want  to  speak  to 
anyone."  "Well,  I  said,  it  looks  to  me  like  a  regular  old-fashioned  Illinois 
.snowstorm,  but  I  didn't  know  but  they  had  a  different  name  for  it  out 
here."     "No,"  she  said,  "it  is  snow,  but  I  don't  want  to  talk  about  it." 

"Well,  we  went  to  breakfast,  sat  down  at  a  table  and  waited  and 
waited  for  some  one  to  come  and  take  our  order.  The  waitresses  were 
all  out  snowballing  and  washing  each  others  faces  in  the  snow.  After 
a  time  they  came  in  and  brought  us  some  breakfast,  then  others  came  in 
and  waited  on  the  different  tables,  then  out  again  they  went  and  thev 
kept  that  up,  alternately  waiting  on  the  tables  and  snowballing  until 
finally  the  guests  all  had  their  breakfast. 

There  were  eight  inches  of  snow  fall — the  branches  of  the  trees  were 
laden  and  in  some  parts  of  the  valley  several  branches  were  broken  off 
where  they  had  the  weight  of  both  oranges  and  snow.  It  was  such  a 
novelty  that  even  the  business  men  and  the  clerks  got  out  into  the  streets 
and  went  to  snowballing  and  some  improvised  sleds  cut  of  drygoods 
boxes,  and  when  they  went  to  take  the  horses  out  of  the  stables  they 
wouldn't  come  out,  stretched  their  heads  out  and  seeing  the  ground  so 
white  they  backed  into  their  stalls  and  wouldn't  venture  out  into  the 
snow.  Tiiev  were  actually  afraid,  but  after  a  time  they  were  coaxed  to 
come  out  and  they  were  hitched  to  these  box  sleds  and  the  people  went 
sleighriding.  You  never  saw  anything  so  funny,  and  never  saw  a  more 
beautiful  sight,  than  the  snow  piled  up  in  the  branches  of  the  trees  and 
intermingled  with  the  beautiful  glossy  leaves  and  bright  yellow  fruit. 
Well  that  snow  lasted  three  days  and  the  most  peculiar  feature  was  that 
it  didn't  melt.  It  was  not  a  wet  snow,  neither  was  it  a  very  cold  snow. 
The  sun  came  out  bright  and  warm,  but  the  snow  still  clung  to  the  trees 
and  it  never  hurt  the  oranges  on  the  trees  a  particle.  It  did  kill  the 
lemons  and  limes,  they  were  so  much  more  tender,  but  as  for  the  oranges 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         645 

in  a  few  days  after  that  a  Citrus  Fair  was  held  in  what  was  called  a 
pavilion  which  stood  where  the  Loring  now  stands  and  long  tables  were 
filled  with  the  fruit  from  these  very  same  trees  which  held  eight  inches  of 
snow  in  their  branches  for  three  days  and  this  fruit  was  arranged  in 
every  conceivable  style  and  geometrical  figure  you  could  imagine — pyra- 
mids— crosses — triangles — squares — crescents  and  all  were  so  bright  and 
beautiful,  that  they  never  seemed  to  have  come  in  contact  with  any  snow. 
But  as  I  said  before,  it  was  not  a  cold  snow,  but  a  very  peculiar  thing 
happened,  which  I  think  no  one  has  ever  been  able  to  account  for,  and 
that  was  that  on  the  third  day  we  looked  and  the  snow  was  still  there, 
then  again  we  looked  and  it  had  disappeared.  It  didn't  melt,  for  there 
was  no  water  to  show  any  melting,  there  was  a  litle  wind  blew, up  and 
it  just  simply  flew  away — I  suppose  to  the  mountains  where  it  belonged. 
There  never  has  been  a  snowstorm  quite  like  since  or  in  the  recollection 
of  the  oldest  inhabitant. 

The  snowstorm  out  on  the  Box  Springs  mountains  came  the  nearest 
to  it,  and  many  people  went  out  to  see  it  and  play  in  it,  but  it  didn't 
reach  the  oranges  and  beautify  the  trees  by  settling  in  the  branches. 
This  was  my  first  introduction  to  the  land  of  the  Sunshine  and  Flowers 
— the  great  and  famous  golden  state  where  snow  was  never  seen,  only 
on  the  peaks  of  the  highest  mountains. 

Opium.  It  may  be  of  interest  in  the  history  of  Riverside  to  know 
that  the  growing  of  opium  was  tried  as  an  experiment  in  1871,  the  first 
season  the  water  was  available  for  irrigation  early  in  the  season. 

Dr.  James  P.  Greves,  secretary  of  the  Southern  California  Colony 
Association  procured  and  planted  some  of  the  seed  of  the  opium  poppy 
thinking  the  production  of  opium  would  tide  over  the  period  (financially) 
between  planting  and  fruiting  of  the  orange  groves.  So  far  as  produc- 
tion was  concerned,  the  experiment  was  a  success  and  the  opium  of  good 
quality. 

Tlie  method  employed  is  to  slit  the  seed  capsules  on  the  stalk  of  the 
])oppy  in  several  places  so  as  to  let  the  juice  exude.  When  the  juice  is 
sufficiently  dry  it  is  then  carefully  scraped  off  with  a  knife  and  gathered. 
It  is  rather  a  slow  process  and  under  the  labor  conditions  then  and  now 
prevailing,  it  was  impossible  to  make  it  a  paying  success  and  it  was  never 
again  tried. 

Riverside  Military  Band.  The  following  address  was  given  on 
the  dedication  of  a  new  bandstand  or  shell  by  Harry  Woodward. 

In  the  July  number  of  the  "Pacific  Municipalities"  are  given  nine  tests 
of  a  town.  The  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  its  September  bulle- 
tin, on  behalf  of  the  City  of  Riverside,  has  answered  each  of  the  nine 
tests  for  the  benefit  of  the  prospective  newcomer  to  our  beautiful  city. 

In  the  fifth  test  the  following  question  is  asked:  "Does  the  town 
have  a  good  band?"  And  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  has  answered  this 
question  as  follows:  "The  Riverside  Military  Band  has  more  than  a 
local  reputation  as  an  excellent  organization,"  but  this  answer  to  me 
does  not  seem  to  do  justice  to  the  organization  now  known  as  the  River- 
side Military  Band,  which  after  a  struggle  of  over  twenty  years  for  its 
very  existence,  as  it  may  seem,  now  bears  the  highest  reputation  in  the 
State  of   California,  as  an  excellent  musical  organization. 

In  the  fall  of  1900  several  music  loving  boys  organized  under  the 
leadership  of  R.  Miller,  a  band  known  as  "Riverside  Junior  Band,"  in 
the  round  room  under  the  old  town  clock  in  the  Castleman  Building  at 
Eighth  and   Main  streets.     Each  member  of  the  first  organization  was 


646         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

an  amateur,  but  under  all  adverse  conditions  and  without  any  expectancy 
of  reward,  the  band  continued  its  existence.  The  trials  of  our  first  leader 
were  mariy,  but  through  hard  and  painstaking  efforts,  he  kept  the  boys 
together  and  when  he  relinquished  his  leadership  after  a  period  of  two 
years,  our  band  was  on  a  firmer  basis. 

From  its  very  inception,  there  has  not  been  a  lapse  of  organization, 
and  through  the  entire  period  of  twenty  years,  has  acted  as  a  unit  with- 
out the  lapse  of  a  single  week.  The  average  life  of  an  amateur  band 
is  about  twenty  weeks,  and  when  you  realize  that  our  band  has  remained 
together  for  over  20  years  you  can  then  understand  why  we  today  are 
proud  of  our  organization. 

It  has  the  honor  and  distinction  of  being  the  oldest  band  in  this  com- 
munity, and  although  at  times  in  past  years,  it  seemed  as  if  Riverside 
would  lose  its  band,  conscientious  workers  in  its  behalf  kept  the  organi- 
zation intact. 

You  may  ask  the  reason  for  the  success  of  our  organization,  and 
we  can  only  say  that  every  member  of  our  band  has  always  the  best 
interests  of  Riverside  at  heart  and  dared  to  do  different,  and  that  while 
other  organizations  were  forced  to  disband  by  reason  of  insufficient 
financial  support  or  on  account  of  internal  dissention,  our  band  steadily 
went  ahead,  although  during  the  early  years,  and  even  up  to  the  present 
time,  the  members  of  our  band  were  required  to  expend  their  private 
funds  for  the  purchase  of  instruments  and  give  their  time  not  only  for 
rehearsals  but  for  concerts  for  a  very  small  reward. 

The  first  public  concert  attempted  bv  our  band  was  given  in  the  old 
bandstand  located  in  this  park  and  formerly  located  in  White  Park. 
No  municipal  aid  was  given  to  the  boys  and  all  the  funds  obtained  for 
these  concerts  were  contributed  by  private  subscriptions,  from  the  good 
merchants  and  citizens  of  our  city.  When  you  realize  that  the  members 
of  our  organization  received  less  than  one  dollar  for  each  concert  in  the 
beginning  and  now  receive  but  the  sum  of  two  dollars,  and  that  each 
concert  requires  from  four  to  five  hours  preparation  and  two  hours 
more  to  present,  you  can  readily  see  that  the  members  of  our  band  are 
not  mercenary,  but  give  their  services  gladly  and  freely  for  the  benefit 
of  our  city  and  the  citizens  and  with  only  a  small  remuneration  for  the 
services  rendered. 

Shortly  after  the  first  concerts  were  given,  considerable  opposition 
to  Sunday  concerts  arose  through  the  efforts  of  various  people  in  our 
city,  and  attempts  were  even  made  to  refuse  permission  to  our  band  to 
play  in  the  parks  of  our  city,  even  though  there  was  no  expense  to  the 
city  or  to  the  citizens  thereof,  but  finally  through  the  efforts  of  Mr.  P.  T. 
Evans  and  Mr.  C.  L.  McFarland  and  others,  permission  was  given  to 
our  band  to  use  the  parks  for  the  purpose  of  playing  our  concerts,  and 
I  am  pleased  to  say  that  at  the  present  time  any  objection  to  our  playing 
on  Sunday  in  our  parks  has  been  overcome. 

Through  the  efforts  of  our  leaders  in  the  selections  of  the  music 
given  by  us  on  Sunday,  and  from  the  fact  that  all  numbers  were  very 
carefully  selected,  our  audiences  on  Sunday  have  grown  from  less  than 
one  hundred  to  more  than  two  thousand. 

For  several  years  the  merchants  and  citizens  continued  to  support 
the  band  by  popular  subscriptions  until  finally  we  were  able  to  obtain 
municipal  aid  from  the  city  fathers.  It  has  always  been  the  purpose  of 
our  band  to  render  music  of  the  highest  class  and  by  doing  so,  we  believe 
that  we  have  made  and  kept  many  friends  and  in  a  measure  have  assisted 
in  making  Fairmount  Park  the  pleasure  spot  it  is. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        647 

The  success  of  our  band  through  the  trying  years  of  its  early  growth 
is  due  largely  to  the  assistance  and  help  given  us  by  Frank  A.  Miller, 
P.  T.  Evans,  S.  C.  Evans,  C.  L.  McFarland,  Ex-Mayor  Ford,  and  our 
present  Mayor  Honorable  Horace  Porter.  These  men  found  time  to 
listen  to  our  troubles  and  many  times  they  have  helped  us  with  their 
advice  and  with  their  work  and  even  with  their  contributions. 

Our  present  leader,  Mr.  Hilverkus,  deserves  a  great  deal  of  credit 
for  the  hard  and  painstaking  labor  he  has  been  compelled  to  undergo  in 
perfecting  our  organization  and  keeping  the  men  together,  and  giving  to 
Riverside,  the  band  which  we  are  justly  proud  of.  Although  he  is  a 
strict  director,  he  is  more  than  patient  and  painstaking  and  strange  though 
it  may  seem,  is  the  poorest  paid  director  in  the  State  of  California.  A 
great  deal  of  the  work  necessary  to  obtain  financial  assistance  in  order 
to  carry  the  band  through  its  many  trials  falls  necessarily  upon  the 
manager  of  the  band,  and  with  the  exception  of  Leonard  Wilson,  who 
has  since  passed  away,  and  who  was  manager  for  a  period  of  two  years, 
and  Mr.  McDonald  and  Charles  Darling,  who  each  served  one  year,  your 
.speaker  and  Mr.  J.  Wesley  Shrimp  have  acted  as  managers  of  this,  our 
band,  for  over  sixteen  years. 

It  takes  a  good  musician  to  play  a  bass  drum,  this  may  sound  funny, 
but  it  is  a  fact  nevertheless,  Frank  Clark  our  ex-President  was  our  bass 
drummer  for  over  eighteen  years  and  the  accuracy  of  his  beat,  the  steadi- 
ness of  his  nerves  and  his  unfailing  loyalty  has  led  us  over  many  trying 
strains. 

During  the  great  conflict  across  the  seas,  eight  of  our  boys  voluntarily 
ofTered  their  services  to  the  United  States  Government  and  actually  served 
under  the  Stars  and  Stripes.  They  were  Geo.  Combs,  H.  A.  Bartee, 
C.  L.  Craig,  C.  L.  McCrary,  E.  A.  McCurdy,  Rob  Johnson,  W.  Kidder, 
N.  Cresmer  and  one  of  them,  Charles  Craig,  gave  his  life  in  the  service 
of  our  country. 

It  is  not  amiss  to  say  that  during  the  Liberty  Loan  campaigns,  Red 
Cross  drives  and  other  war  work,  the  Riverside  Military  Band  freely  and 
voluntarily  gave  its  services  in  the  aid  of  these  good  causes  and  at  no 
time,  was  the  organization  found  wanting  when  called  upon. 

We  wonder  sometimes  just  how  many  people  know  what  constitutes 
a  well  balanced  band,  and  I  will  say  that  a  band  may  be  likened  unto  a 
large  organ  or  piano,  and  the  director  as  a  player.  You  all  know  that 
the  average  piano  has  eighty-eight  notes  and  likewise,  a  good  band  must 
be  so  constituted  to  take  care  of  all  of  these  notes.  Every  man  has 
his  part  to  play,  and  every  part  must  be  played  correctly  and  each  player 
must  be  in  harmony  with  his  fellowmen,  and  the  brunt  of  bringing  the 
players  to  perfection  necessarily  falls  upon  the  director.  Our  band  in 
the  past  several  years  through  the  excellent  reputation  it  had  obtained 
through  hard  and  strenuous  labor,  has  played  and  taken  part  in  many 
noteworthy  engagements  and  I  will  call  attention  only  to  a  few  of  them 
as  follows :  McKinley  Parade,  Roosevelt  Reception,  San  Diego  Exposi- 
tion, Odd  Fellows  Encampment  at  San  Francisco  and  San  Francisco 
Exposition.  We  will  always  endeavor  to  keep  the  good  reputation  which 
we  now  have  and  will  strive  hard  to  please  the  citizens  of  our  beautiful 
city  and  those  who  may  come  to  it. 

In  conclusion,  I  will  say  that  our  organization  is  deeply  grateful  to 
the  citizens  of  our  community  in  making  it  possible  to  have  erected  this 
wonderful  new  bandstand.  iXe  feel  that  our  efforts  have  been  appreci- 
ated by  the  citizens  at  large  and  if  the  same  co-operation  will  be  given  to 
us  in  the  future,  Riverside  will  always  be  proud  of  its  military  band. 


648         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Dedicatory  Resolutions:  Music  being  the  purest  and  most  uncor- 
ruptible of  all  forms  of  public  recreation  and  pastime. 

We,  the  people  of  Riverside,  do  present  and  dedicate  this  building 
to  all  forms  of  musical  entertainment  by  voice  or  instrument ;  and  espe- 
cially to  the  use  of  the  "Riverside  Municipal  Military  Band." 

We  dedicate  this  building  to  Drama  and  Pageantry. 

We  dedicate  this  building  to  the  uses  of  our  Public  Schools  for  music 
and  play  and   commencement   exercises. 

We  dedicate  this  building  to  all  non-partisan  patriotic  service,  in  the 
interest  of  the  City,  the  State,  the  Nation  ;  and  for  the  promotion  of 
International  good  will. — Horace  Porter,  Mayor. 

At  the  dedication  of  the  band  shell  in  Fairmount  Park,  September 
26,  1920,  as  it  has  been  named,  owing  to  its  shape,  there  was  a  very  large 
attendance.  On  the  program  there  was  given  some  history  of  the  band. 
Its  first  public  appearance  was  in  May,  1901,  and  its  first  out  of  town 
engagement  was  at  Redlands,  July  4,  1902.  There  was  an  interesting 
program  throughout,  in  additon  to  the  foregoing  history.  Riverside 
has  always  given  its  band  a  hearty  support.  There  was  voted  for  the 
construction  of  the  shell  $10,000,  but  in  consequence  of  donations  from 
private  parties,  of  material,  etc.,  and  plans  by  Architect  Arthur  Benton 
and  of  engineering  skill  by  City  Surveyor  Albert  Braunsehweiger  there 
was  only  used  of  the  money  voted  about  $5,000.  It  is  the  oldest  organ- 
ized band  in  the  State.  The  musical  program  at  the  dedication  was  very 
much  appreciated. 

Of  the  charter  members  of  the  band  consisting  of  the  following  names, 
F.  Clark,  Harley  Johns,  Perry  Norris,  Henry  McDonald,  Will  Huntoon, 
Roland  Miller  (director),  Will  Brundige,  Ralph  Allum,  Harve  McMullen, 
Harry  Woodward,  J.  A.  Porter,  only  about  two  are  now  members. 

The  band  has  been  occasionally  to  other  places  during  its  existence, 
notably  in  the  McKinley  parade  and  the  Roosevelt  reception,  both  in 
Riverside:  at  the  San  Diego  Exposition;  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  Encampment, 
San  Francisco,  1915.  and  the  San  Francisco  Exposition,  1915. 

The  Sunday  afternoon  and  week  evening  concerts  in  Fairmount  Park, 
concerts  in  the  sunimer  time,  are  always  listened  to  by  thousands,  and  at 
our  fairs  and  all  public  occasions  the  band  fills  a  very  necessary  place. 
Much  of  the  success  of  the  band  of  late  years  has  been  due  to  the  musi- 
cal abilities  of  the  manager,  Gustav  Hilverkus. 

The  city  makes  a  liberal  appropriation  for  the  public  concerts  which 
are  so  well  patronized,  and  the  band  is  one  of  the  most  popular  institu- 
tions of  Riverside. 

The  Peg  Leg  Mine,  and  the  Strange  Disappearance  of  Thomas 
Cover.  The  dry  details  of  history  are  sometimes  very  barren  subjects 
for  the  general  reader,  except  for  the  nine  day  wonders"  that  are  at 
times  coming  up  among  people  which  can  be  interwoven  into  them.  Such 
is  the  story  of  Peg  Leg  Smith  and  the  discovery  of  the  rich  Peg  Leg  mine, 
its  loss  through  the  death  of  Peg  Leg  himself,  and  the  repeated  attempts 
of  Tom  Cover  and  others  towards  its  discovery  and  his  final  disappear- 
ance in  his  last  attempt. 

Southern  California  witli  its  almost  interminable  and  trackless,  water- 
less deserts,  is  full  of  discoveries  of  rich  mines  and  of  their  loss  through 
inability  or  death  of  the  discoverer.  The  tales  of  prospecting  expeditons 
by  hundreds  of  people  and  their  adventures  would  fill  a  large  book.  The 
romance  of  the  desert  has  never  been  told. 

It  has  a  fascination  for  the  average  man  or  woman,  too,  that  can 
never  be  overcome  without  a  trip  that  is  sure  to  uncover  that  coveted 
treasure    to    the    particular    individual    undertaking    the    journey.     The 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        649 

writer  speaks  from  personal  experience  when  he  says  that  the  fascina- 
tion of  the  prospector's  trip  can  no  more  be  overcome  than  the  gambler's 
craze,  but  with  the  difference  that  if  the  prospector  wins  no  one  loses. 

To  the  lover  of  nature,  a  camping  trip  on  the  desert  and  in  the  moun- 
tains in  and  surrounding  the  desert  is  full  of  new  and  interesting  things 
and  experiences.  It  is  on  the  mountains  as  a  rule  that  precious  metals 
are  to  be  found  and  everything  is  new  almost  in  the  vegetable,  animal 
and  mineral  kingdoms,  and  the  wonder  is  that  anything  animal  or  vege- 
table can  exist  at  all.  The  cactus  as  it  is  full  of  juice  has  as  its  sole  pro- 
tection the  spines  with  which  it  is  covered  or  it  would  soon  disappear. 
The  yuccas,  the  junipers  and  the  mesquite  seem  to  be  in  their  native  ele- 
ments, for  they  are  found  only  on  the  desert.  The  mesquite  trees  may 
possibly  be  hundreds  of  years  old  for  anything  any  one  knows  to  the 
contrary.  They  start  and  when  they  are  in  a  location  where  the  drift- 
ing sands  may  once  take  hold  and  accumulate  as  they  grow,  the  sand 
keeps  constantly  accumulating  around  the  base  as  they  make  growth  until 
there  are  only  a  few  green  twigs  to  be  seen,  which  as  they  grow  keep 
constantly  being  filled  up  until  there  may  be  a  large  mound  with  no  visible 
trunk  above  ground,  all  of  it  being  covered  up  by  the  drifted  sand  and 
the  tradition  of  the  desert  is,  that  if  you  are  in  search  of  wood  you 
take  a  shovel  along.  Where  there  is  no  sand  drift  the  mesquite  produces 
a  bright  yellow  flower,  and  in  the  fall  a  large  crop  of  beans  which  is  used 
as  food  by  the  Indians  and  their  animals. 

How  anv  vegetation  can  maintain  itself  amid  such  dry  surroundings, 
is  one  of  the  mvsteries  that  scientists  so  far  have  not  ventured  to  explain. 
Nor  how  certain  little  desert  squirrels  manage  to  exist  or  the  turtles  that 
are  occasionally  met  with,  but  rarely  as  the  Indians  use  them  as  food. 
The  mountain  sheep,  too,  used  to  be  plenty,  but  are  now  practically 
exterminated,  but  their  old  trails  still  are  there  to  show  they,  too,  could 
live  under  adverse  conditions.  They  may  have  been  able  to  live  as  do 
the  cattle  that  are  around  the  edge  of  the  desert,  that  have  heaquarters 
around  a  spring  and  lie  around  it  for  a  day  or  two  until  they  get  hungry, 
when  they  wander  out  on  the  desert  gathering  the  scanty  feed  they  find 
there,  and  stay  as  long  as  they  can  stand  it  without  water,  when  they  come 
in  to  get  water  and  lie  around  again  until  they  get  hungry  to  repeat  the 
process.  Occasionally  a  venturesome  cattleman  sinks  a  well  and  puts 
up  a  windmill  in  favorable  locations  where  it  is  not  too  far  down  to 
water  and  ekes  out  a  scanty  living  in  this  way  and  in  favorable  seasons 
when  rains  are  more  abundant  then  the  stock  thrives  and  gets  fat. 

But  it  is  not  of  the  stockman  who  is  settled  in  a  way,  but  the  prospec- 
tor who  is  always  on  the  move,  camping  only  in  a  favorable  location 
where  is  water  and  moving  along  as  soon  as  the  available  country  has  been 
looked  over  only  to  move  on  again,  that  we  wish  to  write  about  and  hear 
from.  Men  there  are  who  have  spent  many  years  of  their  life  going 
out  and  coming  in  as  supplies  give  out,  to  go  out  again  full  of  hope  that 
the  next  move  may  bring  them  something  worth  while.  Manv  of  these 
prospectors  are  what  is  called  in  desert  phrase  "grubs-staked."  that  is, 
they  are  furnished  supplies  by  someone  who  has  confidence  in  them,  with 
the  condition  that  they  have  an  equal  share  in  anything  they  find.  Occa- 
sionally rich  pros]5ects  are  found  in  this  way  and  the  prospector  is 
generally  honest  enough  to  share  with  the  party  who  pays  for  the  pros- 
pecting. Occasionally  these  "finds"  are  lost  and  never  found  again. 
Most  of  these  lost  mines  are  found  by  someone  who  gets  lost  and  in  his 
wanderings  picks  up  some  specimens  which  are  rich,  but  cannot  find 
the  exact  spot  ever  after,  or  it  may  be  that  the  prospector  dies.  Such 
was  the  Peg  Leg  mine  that  has  been  a  tradition  for  many  years. 


650         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

The  story  goes  that  Peg  Leg  Smith  started  out  with  a  party  of  fifty 
men  from  St.  Louis  in  1830,  for  an  extended  trapping  expedition  in  the 
Southwest.  The  party  found  themselves  on  the  head  waters  of  the 
Colorado  River  in  1836.  They  spent  some  time  in  this  occupation,  mov- 
ing down  the  river  until  they  found  themselves  as  far  down  as  the  mouth 
of  the  Gila  River.  Away  down  opposite  Southern  California  they  turned 
West.  About  the  third  day  out  they  camped,  when  one  of  their  num- 
ber climbed  a  little  hill  or  butte  about  fifty  feet  high,  to  get  a  look  at 
the  surrounding  country.  He  found  the  hill  covered  with  loose  pieces 
of  black  rock  intermingled  with  pieces  of  yellow  metal.  This  was  before 
the  days  of  forty-nine,  with  the  remarkable  results  of  the  discovery  of 
gold.  It  did  not  occur  to  them  that  this  was  gold,  although  the  presence 
of  gold  was  known  to  the  Spaniards,  and  so  for  the  time  being  nothing 
seems  to  have  been  done  with  the  discovery,  although  it  was  finally  sur- 
mised that  the  yellow  substance  in  the  rock  was  gold,  and  Peg  Leg 
Smith's  party  all  disappeared,  and  Smith  seemed  to  be  the  only  one  left 
with  any  knowledge  of  the  discovery. 

The  next  we  hear  of  Smith  was  as  a  sort  of  horse  thief  and  trader 
in  the  Sierras,  seemingly  indifferent  whom  he  got  his  horses  from,  some- 
times helping  one  tribe  of  Indians  steal  from  another,  and  again  help- 
ing the  Indians  come  down  the  Cajon  Pass  and  drive  bands  of  Spanish 
horses  away  out  on  the  Mojave  desert,  to  trade  them  off  with  needy 
travelers  for  jaded  or  wornout  horses,  or  at  Salt  Lake.  Salt  Lake 
was  a  good  market  for  horses.  On  one  of  these  raids.  Smith  got  woimded 
in  the  leg,  making  it  necessary  to  cut  off  the  leg,  which  he  did  with  the 
assistance  of  an  Indian,  the  surgical  instruments  being  a  hunting  knife, 
and  an  Indian  or  keyhole  saw.  The  loss  of  the  leg  did  not  incapacitate 
Smith  for  war  raiding,  for  he  was  as  active  as  ever.  Horses  were  cheap 
in  those  davs,  a  bottle  of  whiskey  or  a  pound  of  powder  being  the  value 
of  one.  Uncle  Sam  coming  in  about  this  time  to  California,  put  a  stop 
to  Peg  Leg's  raids,  for  he  would  not  steal  from  his  own  countrymen. 
The  next  we  hear  of  Peg  Leg  was  in  connection  with  his  rich  specimens 
of  which  he  never  seemed  to  be  without,  and  he  was  always  about  to  dis- 
close the  location  of  his  find,  and  is  stated  to  have  started  out  with  a 
party  for  that  purpose,  but  after  the  start,  for  some  reason  he  turned 
back  and  this  is  about  the  last  we  hear  of  him  for  he  disappeared.  Some 
say  he  purposely  deceived  others  about  the  location.  There  can  be  no 
doubt  about  the  specimens  wherever  Smith  got  them.  Some  say  it  was 
beyond  Smith  mountain,  which  took  its  name  from  him,  out  beyond 
Temecula.  Ever  since  that  time  expeditions  have  been  gotten  up  to 
hunt  for  the  Peg  Leg  mine.  Once  in  a  while  there  comes  a  report  that 
it  has  been  found,  but  it  is  still  hidden. 

The  strange  lure  of  the  desert  when  once  it  gets  hold  of  one  can  neve- 
be  shaken  off,  it  comes  on  again  and  again  like  the  crave  of  the  drink- 
ing man  for  a  fresh  bout,  and  indeed  it  is  not  so  very  strange  that  it 
should  be  so,  the  desert  is  so  wonderful.  You  go  out  and  away  from 
civilization  for  weeks  or  even  months  knowing  nothing  of  the  great  world. 
You  have  no  care  on  your  mind.  Only  at  long  intervals  when  perhaps 
you  go  to  the  nearest  point  of  supply,  load  up  with  fresh  supplies  and 
away  you  go  careless  of  how  the  world  "wags."  It  is  really  a  new  world 
and  you  are  healthy  and  happy,  for  no  tradition  exists  of  anyone  getting 
sick  on  these  expeditions.  Mother  earth  takes  care  of  that  for  as  you 
lie  down  on  her  bosom  night  after  night,  all  vour  ills,  physical  and  men- 
tal disappear  and  when  you  come  back  to  civilization  you  are  a  new  man. 
But  the  old  lure  of  the  desert  comes  back  again  and  again  and  one's  own 
insignificance  is  revealed,  for  the  world  and  its  vanities,  its  hopes  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        651 

aspirations,  successes  and  disappointments  goes  on  just  the  same  in  our 
absence. 

Such  was  the  case  of  Thomas  W.  Cover,  "Tom  Cover"  as  he  was 
familiarly  known.  An  old  miner  from  Montana  where  he  had,  so  it  is 
reported,  made  a  find  and  a  stake,  pulling  out  and  coming  to  Southern 
California  about  1868.  Originally  his  family  was  from  Maryland,  but 
their  anti-slavery  principles  compelled  a  change  of  residence  (about  the 
time  Tom  was  fourteen)  to  the  State  of  Ohio.  He  was  a  wanderer  and 
a  typical  prospector — Pike's  Peak  being  one  of  his  lures.  Coming  to 
Southern  California  in  1868  he  was  one  of  the  leading  promoters  of  the 
Silk  Center  Association  that  was  the  first  effort  towards  colonizing  the 
Riverside  Valley,  where  arrangements  were  being  made  to  settle  several 
hundred  families  in  silk  culture.  The  death  of  Mr.  Prevost  put  an  end 
to  the  colony  scheme  and  Mr.  Cover  was  left  with  the  disposal  of  the 
lands  purchased,  which  he  did  by  taking  three  of  the  founders  of  River- 
side to  the  lands  where  a  sale  was  effected.  Mr.  Cover  aided  as  surveyor 
on  the  canal  that  was  built  to  bring  water  on  the  lands,  finally  settling 
with  his  family  on  an  eighty  acres  of  Government  land,  which  he  set 
out  to  vines,  limes  and  oranges,  selling  a  portion  of  it.  Here  he  finshed 
up  by  setting  it  all  to  navels.  When  well  settled  and  the  land  in  bearing, 
the  old  prospecting  craze  took  possession  of  him  again  and  he  went  out 
on  several  occasions  fortified  with  specimens,  maps  and  all  the  informa- 
tion to  be  had  in  search  of  the  fabulously  rich,  I  had  almost  said 
mythical  Peg  Leg  mine.  On  the  last  occasion  he  was  accompanied  by 
a  neighbor,  W.  B.  Russell  with  a  team  and  light  spring  wagon.  Mr. 
Cover  was  also  fortified  in  his  search  by  interviews  with  a  Dr.  DeCourcey 
of  Yuma  who  was  said  to  have  been  the  physician  who  attended  Peg 
Leg  in  his  last  illness. 

Mr.  Cover  set  out  on  his  last  expedition  on  September  5,  1884,  to 
prospect  for  the  mine  on  the  desert  west  of  Indio,  and  from  there  over 
to  the  country  near  Julian  and  towards  Warner's  ranch  in  San  Diego 
County.  The  country  is  partly  on  the  bed  of  the  old  Gulf  of  California 
below  sea  level,  part  of  it  until  it  runs  into  the  mountains,  but  easily 
accessible,  being  level,  but  with  deep  sand  and  short  of  water,  but  enough 
to  those  who  know  where  to  find  it.  On  one  side  is  a  large  tract  called 
the  bad  lands,  consisting  of  dry  barren  clay  all  wrinkled  and  cut  up  by 
gullies  and  dry  washes,  and  looks  like  it  might  be  an  interminable  maze, 
where  if  you  once  get  into  it  you  might  get  a  labyrinth,  but  not  a  place 
where  anyone  would  want  to  get  into  either,  for  curiosity  or  in  search  of 
gold.  Some  distance  beyond  the  bad  lands.  Cover  and  Russell  separated 
— Russell  to  go  around  a  hill  with  the  wagon  and  Mr.  Cover  to  go  over 
it,  prospecting  as  he  went,  to  meet  at  an  agreed  place.  Russell's  story 
was  to  the  effect  that  he  lost  his  way  and  got  into  trouble  by  bad  roads, 
upsetting  his  wagon  and  being  delayed  in  consequence  for  several  hours, 
and  when  he  got  to  the  meeting  place  Mr.  Cover  was  not  there.  Mr. 
Russell  searched  and  waited  for  a  day  or  two,  and  with  no  success  he 
started  for  Indio,  but  leaving  provisions  and  water  in  case  Mr.  Cover 
might  turn  up.  On  reaching  Indio  Mr.  Russell  engaged  an  Indian  to 
trace  up  Mr.  Cover's  trail,  but  he  returned  after  a  time  stating  that  after 
following  the  trail  for  a  distance  it  was  lost  on  high  solid  ground.  Search- 
ing parties  were  sent  out  to  see  if  any  trace  might  be  found.  There  was 
a  reward  of  $1,000  offered  by  his  family  for  discovery  of  the  remains, 
for  by  this  time  it  was  not  possible  that  Mr.  Cover  could  be  alive  any- 
where there,  the  only  theory  being  that  Mr.  Cover  met  with  an  accident, 
or  that  two  brothers  by  the  name  of  Helms  who  had  known  Mr.  Cover 
in  Montana   (and  whose  brother  it  was  said  Mr.  Cover  had  a  hand  in 


652        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

lynching),  and  who  lived  in  the  neighborhood  caught  Mr.  Cover  and  put 
an  end  to  him.  Proof  of  that  was  said  to  have  been  found  in  the  ashes 
of  a  big  fire  and  half  burnt  bones  found  therein.  However,  that  may  be 
the  reward  was  never  claimed.  There  was  an  insurance  on  Mr.  Cover's 
life  of  $2,500  which  the  insurance  company  refused  to  pay  for  years, 
but  finally  compromised  by  paying  one-half  and  so  the  matter  rested 
for  some  years,  until  evidence  was  adduced  that  Mr.  Cover  had  never 
been  lost,  but  that  he  had  voluntarily  disappeared,  and  that  there  were 
personal  and  private  reasons  involving  no  reflections  or  disgrace  on  any- 
one in  particular.  This  evidence  was  found  on  a  tramp  who  got  drunk, 
and  on  being  searched  had  a  letter  on  his  person  from  Wilson  Russell 
to  Tom  Cover,  which  did  not  disclose  the  secret  of  Mr.  Cover's  residence, 
but  asked  Mr.  Cover  to  send  him  some  money  on  pain  of  exposure  of  the 
facts  of  the  disappearance.  This  was  and  is  the  last  phase  of  the  Cover 
disappearance.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Russell  were  killed  in  a  railway  accident 
at  the  crossing  in  Riverside  and  the  Cover  family  has  disappeared,  and 
it  is  supposed  there  is  nothing  in  the  way  of  stating  the  facts  at  this  late 
day.  But  the  Peg  Leg  mine  is  not  yet  discovered,  despite  the  fact  that 
an  item  in  the  evening  paper  a  few  days  ago  said  it  had  been  discovered 
and  the  Peg  Leg  will  still  be  one  of  the  many  unsolved  myths  of  vast 
treasures  lying  hidden,  to  be  found  and  make  the  discoverer  fabulously 
rich. 

The  Tramp.  Whether  the  tramp  question  is  just  one  of  those  tem- 
porary irregularities  that  arise  in  all  countries  from  extraordinary  causes, 
or  one  that  has  taken  root  so  that  it  will  be  difficult  to  eradicate  would 
be  difficult  to  tell  at  the  present  time.  It  would  appear  to  be  more  of  an 
American  question  than  one  pertaining  to  Europe  where  they  have  con- 
ditions that  have  been  settled  for  ages.  There  are  several  varieties  of 
tramps,  but  the  true  type  is  the  one  who  will  not  work  and  would  rather 
move  about  from  place  to  place,  mostly  begging  for  his  living  where  he 
can  and  partly  stealing  it  when  conditions  favor. 

Whether  we  can  class  the  vagrant  as  a  tramp  who,  when  his  numbers 
accumulate  to  such  an  extent  that  he  can  commandeer  a  freight  train,  as 
was  done  here  lately  and  move  towards  whatever  point  he  is  going  is  a 
question.  It  is  only  in  times  of  great  dullness  of  trade  when  large  num- 
bers of  people  are  thrown  out  of  employment  that  they  seem  to  be  a 
menace  to  society.  Coxey's  army  during  the  Cleveland  administration, 
when  they  marched  to  Washington  to  demand  attention  to  their  condition 
is  a  case  in  point,  when  about  the  only  attention  they  received  was  an 
order  to  "keep  off  the  grass."  Such  numbers  as  these  demand  the  atten- 
tion of  the  political  economist  more  than  the  plain  individual. 

The  one  that  is  commonly  classed  as  a  tramp  is  one  who  travels 
around  from  year  to  year,  never  staying  long  in  a  place,  coming  South 
in  the  winter  and  going  North  in  the  summer  with  a  chronic  aversion  to 
work  and  only  working  at  light  jobs  such  as  fruit  picking  when  forced 
to  by  necessity  to  get  a  little  money.  Many  of  them  are  professional 
beggars  and  make  good  wages  by  begging  from  the  Mexicans  who  are  lib- 
eral when  in  funds.  Some  of  them  have  a  few  fancy  articles  to  sell  of 
paltry  value,  but  which  are  showy.  Some  of  tliem  sell  pictures  of  the 
saints  to  the  lower  classes  of  Catholics.  Others  of  them  who  are  more 
ambitious  sell  fancy  articles  made  of  wire,  such  as  clothes  hangers. 
Others  again  act  as  tinware  menders,  selling  easy  soldering  tin  for  home 
use.  All  of  them  have  about  the  same  characteristics.  A  good  part  of 
the  day  is  spent  round  the  campfire.  and  in  cold  weather  tliey  spend  most 
of  the  day  sunning  themselves  to  get  warmed  uji.     The  majority  of  them 


I 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        653 

do  not  carry  any  blankets,  trusting  to  sleeping,  in  inclement  weather,  in 
barns  and  haystacks.  Seldom  is  there  any  Mexicans  or  Negroes  among 
them,  but  they  may  be  of  any  nationality.  The  most  of  them  are  ardent 
socialists,  but  having  no  fixed  habitation  and  no  homes  they  have  no  vote. 
The  woman  tramp  is  practically  not  known.  Among  them  there  are 
cripples,  one  legged  or  one  armed,  but  seldom  or  ever  have  lost  limbs 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States  Government.  Many  of  them  have 
traveled  considerably  and  are  fairly  intelligent.  As  a  rule  they  are  harm- 
less. Criminals  occasionally  mix  up  with  the  tramps  to  hide  and  escape 
observation.  The  old  tramp  knows  all  the  favorable  camp  locations, 
and  at  each  camp  where  they  are  not  disturbed  or  told  to  "move  on"  there 
is  always  a  set  of  cooking  utensils,  such  as  coffee  pot  and  frying  pan. 
These  utensils  are  always  left  in  place  for  the  next  comer.  One  tramp 
who  had  just  started  out  to  be  a  "bad  man"  and  did  not  know  camp 
usages  was  caught  destroying  the  camp  equipage,  and  very  roughly 
handled.  It  seemed  to  have  done  him  good,  for  he  afterward  went  back 
home,  his  wanderlust  completely  cured.  It  is  the  rule  of  the  camp  that 
each  provides  his  pro  rata  of  wood;  if  not,  they  do  not  share  the  camp- 
fire.  They  live  off  the  country  a  good  deal,  stealing  vegetables  and  fruit 
and  when  they  want  it,  they  have  chicken.  One  rancher  who  was  rather 
hard  on  the  tramps  suffered  severely  in  many  ways.  Boards  would 
be  "borrowed"  from  his  outhouses  for  firewood.  His  chickens  were 
always  locked  up  at  night,  but  when  a  chicken  was  wanted  a  handy  screw- 
driver was  used  to  take  the  hinges  off  the  door  and  replaced  when  the 
chicken  was  secured.  The  coyotes  got  the  blame  for  the  loss  of  the 
chicken. 

The  writer's  place  was  a  noted  resort  for  the  tramps,  because  there 
was  a  large  grove  of  eucalyptus  for  shade  in  summer  and  protection 
in  winter.  A  noted  character  was  there  for  one  season  off  and  on  whom 
I  will  call  Jones.  Jones  finally  ended  his  tramping  career  by  getting 
sent  to  prison  for  several  years  for  burglary.  Jones  was  rather  fond  of 
eggs,  and  occasionally  bought  a  few  at  the  writer's  home.  He  always 
paid  with  a  dollar.  The  eggs  were  kept  in  a  screen  porch.  When  Jones 
came  for  eggs  he  always  came  inside  the  porch,  and  when  the  woman 
went  inside  for  change  for  the  dollar  he  helped  himself  to  one  or  two 
more  eggs  than  he  was  entitled  to.  Being  suspected  he  was  watched  and 
found  out,  which  put  a  stop  to  his  petty  stealing.  When  he  went  down 
to  the  camp  he  was  not  at  all  backward  in  telling  how  he  got  caught  and 
joined  in  the  laugh.  A  few  days  later  a  lone  man  got  into  camp  rather 
late  with  no  wood,  which  meant  no  hot  coffee  or  fire  for  him,  but  the 
newcomer  said  he  would  get  some  wood  by  going  up  to  the  "old  man's" 
woodpile,  mieaning  the  writer  and  get  some.  Jones  told  him  he  need 
not  try  that  game  for  he  would  prevent  him  the  result  of  which  was  that 
the  woodpile  remained  intact.  So  Jones  was  willing  to  steal  the  "old 
man's"  eggs,  but  he  would  not  allow  anyone  to  steal  his  wood. 

Another  tramp  who  was  a  very  deft  wire  worker,  who  worked  in 
the  summer  in  the  orchard  and  on  the  farm,  turned  out  to  be  very  use- 
ful. He  had  been  originally  a  miner,  but  met  with  an  accident  in  the 
mine  that  incapacitated  him  from  mining.  He  did  not  care  for  steady 
work,  but  took  proportionate  pay.  He  was  very  faithful,  selling  fruit  to 
all  who  came  and  accounting  for  the  proceeds  faithfully.  He  would  go 
away  in  the  winter  and  come  back  in  the  summer  for  several  seasons, 
always  reliable  where  he  was  trusted.  An  occasional  visit  around  the 
campfire  was  quite  a  treat  and  gave  views  of  life  from  another  standpoint 
to  the  writer.  As  a  rule  the  tramp  is  deficient  mentally,  and  without 
ambition  above  getting  something  to  eat  and  some  tobacco.     He  is  happy 


654        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

as  can  be  and  faces  the  cold  outside  in  a  cold  night  unflinchingly.  He 
will,  when  he  is  hungry,  help  himself  to  eatables  when  he  cannot  get  any- 
thing to  eat  by  begging.  Sometimes  he  gets  a  little  money  by  begging, 
then  he  will  live  well  as  long  as  his  money  lasts.  Onions,  potatoes,  bread 
and  meat  is  his  usual  bill  of  fare.  He  will  stay  for  a  day  or  two  in  a 
place,  when  if  not  too  far  he  walks,  but  if  the  distance  is  great  he  gen- 
erally can  get  on  the  cars,  usually  the  freight,  and  thus  he  travels  and 
is  happy  in  his  way. 

The  tramp  is  incurable  and  it  is  but  little  use  trying  to  reform  him, 
as  the  professional  is  usually  about  middle  age  or  so.  During  the  war 
they  almost  entirely  disappeared,  whether  from  being  drafted  or  other- 
wise, rumor  sayeth  not.  Those  who  were  of  army  age  were  very  much 
afraid  of  the  draft.  Some  of  them  went  and  came  back  to  their  old 
game  of  tramping.  California  is  the  tramps'  paradise,  owing  to  the  rmild 
climate  and  the  abundance  of  fruits  and  nuts.  Ripe  fruit  on  the  trees  all 
the  year  round  and  an  occasional  light  job  of  fruit  picking  to  get  a  little 
spending  money  and  what  could  any  genuine  tramp  desire  more? 

The  Probation  Officer.  The  probation  officer  is  an  innovation  in 
local  government.  Punishment  is  a  very  old  axiom  in  law.  Some  old 
statutes  that  were  valid  in  their  time  and  very  active  have  gradually  and 
quietly  been  discarded.  Occasionally  one  of  these  old  laws  is  brought  up 
only  to  be  laughed  out  of  existence.  The  so-termed  blue  laws  so  far  as 
tradition  goes  are  still  on  the  statute  books,  where  if  not  repealed  by 
later  action  have  been  entirely  superceded  and  treated  as  dead  letters  by 
modern  legislation.  One  of  the  great  axioms  in  family  upbringing  was 
"spare  the  rod  and  spoil  the  child,"  and  it  is  said  in  Proverbs :  "He  that 
spareth  the  rod  hateth  his  son." 

It  is  beginning  to  be  understood  more  and  more  and  acted  on  that 
love  is  the  great  principle  that  overcometh  all,  that  in  law  the  "letter 
killeth  while  the  spirit  maketh  alive."  It  is  being  seen  more  plainly 
day  by  day  that  there  are  better  methods  of  treatment  of  the  young  than 
brute  force.  Judge  Lindsay  of  Denver.  Colorado,  has  been  given  national 
recognition  for  his  wise  judgment  in  juvenile  courts,  suffered  a  fine  for 
contempt  of  court  where  he  refused  to  betray  the  confidence  of  a  boy. 
All  courts  now  and  those  who  have  the  enforcement  of  the  law  have  their 
secret  tribtinals  where  young  people  can  be  examined  and  admonished 
for  their  own  good  and  the  good  of  society.  The  axiom  of  law  that 
ignorance  of  the  law  excuses  no  one  is  more  often  honored  in  the 
breach  than  in  the  observance,  especially  with  minors.  With  the  end  in 
view  that  many  young  people  who  have  been  guilty  of  breaches  of  the 
law  have  been  more  sinned  against  than  sinning  and  that  punishment 
for  infraction  of  the  law  would  be  an  injustice,  probation  officers  have 
been  appointed  whose  duty  is  to  examine  into  all  cases  of  delinquency 
and  see  whether  more  good  can  be  done  by  private  efifort  backed  by 
sufficient  authority  than  by  letting  the  law  take  its  course.  There  is 
always  the  certainty  that  passage  through  the  jail  or  penitentiary  confers 
a  brand  that  is  very  hard  in  after  life  to  get  rid  of. 

The  probation  officer's  duties  as  a  rule  extend  only,  to  minors,  but 
cases  frequently  come  under  his  observation  and  counsel  where  adults, 
especially  women,  can  be  reformed  or  benefitted  without  a  due  course  of 
law.  He  is  armed  with  full  authority  to  enforce  his  decrees,  therefore 
it  is  very  necessary  he  be  a  man,  or  maybe  a  woman,  who  is  wise  and 
armed  with  judgment  and  good  sense.  In  all  cases  where  women  are 
concerned,  examinations  are  conducted  in  the  presence  of  some  other 
woman.     The  probation  officer  has  jurisdiction  in  all  matters  referred  by 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        655 

the  court  to  him,  and  his  duties  extend  all  over  the  county  and  may  with 
perfect  propriety  extend  to  other  counties  of  the  state  and  although  a 
county  official  he  is  also  in  a  semi-quasi  manner  a  state  official  and  his 
duties  extend  to  cases  where  state  and  county  aid  is  necessary  and  cases 
of  destitution  or  necessity  and  his  recommendation  carry  great  weight 
in  court  proceedings. 

In  many  cases  where  criminals  or  those  who,  while  not  exactly 
criminals,  are  infringers  of  the  law,  the  court  may  in  its  judgment  after 
sentence  has  been  pronounced  put  the  individual  on  probation ;  that  is, 
that  the  offender  may  be  set  loose  with  the  sentence  still  hanging  over 
him  on  condition  that  he  make  reports  at  stated  intervals  to  the  probation 
officer.  In  such  cases  if  the  parole  has  been  faithfully  kept  when  the 
time  for  which  the  parole  has  been  given  the  sentence  is  remitted.  The 
probation  officer  is  also  usually  the  one  to  whom  money  is  paid  in  case  of 
alimony  where  separation  or  divorce  has  been  granted  by  the  court  or 
where  the  support  of  minor  children  is  concerned.  But  although  the 
duties  of  the  probation  officer  extend  largely  in  adult  cases,  by  far  the 
most  important  part  of  his  duties  are  concerned  with  children  and  minors. 
The  saddest  cases  of  all  are  often  where  separations  occur  with  married 
people  with  children.  Frequently  parents  are  very  much  to  blame  and 
it  is  sometimes  necessary  to  separate  the  children  entirely  from  the  parents 
and  put  them  in  the  children's  home.  Again  sometimes  the  children  have 
to  be  taken  away  from  the  mother  and  given  to  the  father,  who  is  not  in  a 
position  to  care  for  them,  when  the  probation  officer  again  may  place 
them  in  a  good  home,  the  husband  in  the  meantime  providing  for  their 
support  and  those  who  have  no  children  may  with  the  consent  of  the 
parents  and  in  accordance  with  law  adopt  one  or  more  of  them.  Where 
desertion  happens  or  death  of  the  father  or  sickness  or  disability,  the 
mother  will  get  the  custody  of  the  children  with  state  aid  to  the  extent  of 
ten  dollars  per  month  for  each  child  supplemented  by  as  much  more  by 
the  county.  In  families  occasionally  there  may  be  an  unruly  member  or 
even  vicious  they  get  older  in  life,  and  when  such  cases  occur  they  may 
have  to  be  sent  to  some  reformatory.  Milder  cases  can  be  treated  suc- 
cessfully at  the  George  Junior  Republic,  where  the  boys  are  put  on  their 
honor,  which  is  rarely  violated.  Occasionally  there  are  people  of  either 
sex  who  deliberately  abandon  their  children,  and  these  are  perhaps  on 
the  whole  the  most  difficult  to  manage.  Cases  of  stepchildren  again 
arise  where  children  sometimes  with  and  sometimes  without  the  con- 
nivance of  the  other  parent  present  almost  at  times  insuperable  difficulties, 
not  only  in  the  homes,  but  in  the  public  schools,  in  girls  especially,  the 
counsels  of  and  presence  of  women  is  always  a  feature  of  the  case.  The 
reform  school  as  a  last  resort  always  looms  up  and  if  the  parties  are  not 
too  abandoned  it  serves  a  very  useful  purpose.  Occasionally  some  parent 
who  is  somewhat  indifferent  will  bring  a  refractory  child  to  the  probation 
officer  with  the  idea  that  all  he  has  to  do  is  to  take  the  child  to  the 
officer  and  leave  him.  But  this  cannot  be  done  without  an  order  of  the 
court  and  if  the  parent  is  able  he  is  required  to  contribute  to  the  support 
of  the  child,  which  puts  a  different  aspect  on  the  proceedings.  Perhaps 
the  most  pleasing  phase  of  the  case  is  w-here  there  are  half  orphans  whom 
the  father  is  willing  to  support  who  can  be  placed  with  good  motherly 
women  in  their  own  homes  and  well  cared  for  and  given  all  the  comforts 
and  advantages  of  a  good  home.  It  may  be  said  that  the  parents  could 
do  these  things  themselves,  but  this  is  not  always  so,  for  the  parents 
may  be  comparative  strangers  and  the  probation  officer  is  almost  always 
in  communication  with  suitable  parties  with  whom  they  can  be  placed  and 


656         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  children  are  in  a  sense  under  the  care  and  supervision  of  a  pubHc 
officer. 

In  cases  of  wayward  children  and  where  the  parents  are  not  fit  persons 
to  have  care  of  their  own  children  and  where  younger  or  older  persons 
are  put  on  probation  by  the  courts  and  in  cases  that  do  not  come  under 
the  supervision  of  the  courts,  the  probation  officer  takes  the  sole  action, 
the  question  may  be  asked,  "What  are  the  results?"  The  records  kept 
show  that  in  the  great  majority  of  cases  success  is  complete  where  if  the 
parties  in  question  had  been  given  the  full  penalty  of  the  law  the  reform 
of  the  individual  would  not  have  taken  place.  It  must  be  understood  that 
the  great  majority  of  cases  are  never  made  known  to  the  public  and  that 
publicity  would  be  the  worst  thing  that  could  have  happened. 

Perhaps  the  most  lamentable  and  unfortunate  cases  are  with  married 
people  where  the  parents  are  not  altogether  as  they  should  be  and  more 
especially  where  the  "other  woman,"  or  more  rarely  the  "other  man,"  is 
concerned,  drastic  measures  have  to  be  taken,  and  here  is  where  the 
integrity,  uprightness  and  good  judgment  of  the  probation  officer  comes 
in  and  the  unfortunate  children  may  still  be  saved,  especially  if  the  mother 
is  worthy,  for  then  the  state  steps  in  and  an  allowance  is  made  enabling 
the  mother  to  keep  the  home  together.  So  far  Riverside  has  been  fortu- 
nate in  having  a  probation  officer,  C.  W.  Matthews,  who  is  worthy  of 
all  praise  and  who,  if  he  should  consult  his  immediate  personal  comfort, 
■would  rather  retire  to  private  life  and  be  spared  hearing  the  sad  experi- 
ences of  others  who  are  not  so  fortunate  in  passing  through  this  life. 
He  is,  however,  strengthened  by  the  success  that  is  being  accomplished 
through  his  efforts  in  relieving  the  unfortunate  and  in  bringing  happiness 
where  otherwise  there  would  be  not  only  misery  but  crime. 

The  Children's  Home.  Supplementary  and  a  necessity  to  the  efforts 
of  the  probation  officer  is  the  Children's  Home,  where  again,  in  the  per- 
son of  Matron  Mrs.  Jennie  A.  Wilkins,  there  is  a  motherly  woman  who 
has  been  a  successful  mother  herself  and  who  is  a  true  mother  to  those 
who  are  unfortunate  enough  to  be  motherless  or  have  unworthy  mothers. 
The  Children's  Home  is  not  in  any  sense  intended  to  be  an  orphan  asylum 
'for  all  orphans,  for  experience  has  taught  that  in  the  first  place  the  mother 
herself  (other  conditions  being  right)  is  the  best  one  to  take  care  of  her 
own  children.  There  are  a  great  many  half  orphans  and  children  of 
parents  one  or  both  of  who  have  no  parents  or  guardians  willing  or  fit 
to  care  for  them,  and  here  is  where  the  probation  officer  is  armed  with 
authority  and  the  matron  of  the  home  has  the  opportunity  and  the  means 
to  give  the  children  the  upbringing  that  they  need.  And  after  all,  the 
Children's  Home  is  mainly  a  resting  place  and  a  stepping  stone  until 
opportunity  can  be  given  to  place  the  children  where  they  can  be  given 
the  opportunity  of  guardianship  with  those  who  have  no  children  of 
their  own  or  can  even  be  adopted  by  people  who  have  a  love  of  children. 
There  are  again  some  women  who  have  large  homes  who  take  in  one  or 
more  children  and  care  for  them  and  bring  them  up  in  such  a  way  as 
to  make  them  worthy  citizens  in  all  respects.  Wherever  children  are 
cared  for  in  this  way  they  are  at  all  times  under  the  supervision  of  the 
probation  officer  and  the  state  to  insure  that  they  are  properly  cared 
for  anrl  that  their  condition  be  as  much  as  possible  like  the  real  family. 
The  Children's  Home,  although  adjacent  to  the  hospital  and  hospital 
grounds,  is  distinct  of  itself.  The  home  is  located  on  seven  acres,  where 
there  are  suitable  buildings  and  accommodations  for  about  seventy-five 
children,  with  a  present  occupancy  of  forty-four  children,  as  so  many 
pass  through  the  home  temporarily  until  suitable  homes  can  be  provided 


SAN  BERNARDIXO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        657 

for  them.  One  thousand  children  have  already  passed  through  the  home 
since  it  ha?  been  founded,  some  of  whom  have  botli  parents  who  may 
not  be  capable  of  taking  care  of  children  or  in  some  cases  where  the 
parents  through  adverse  conditions  may  not  be  in  a  situation  to  care  for 
them  and  still  able  to  pay  for  their  care.  Others  may  be  half  orphans, 
while  as  a  matter  of  course  orphans  come  until  they  may  be  fortunate 
enough  to  be  adopted  or  cared  for  in  suitable  families. 

The  home  has  its  own  surroundings  where  vegetables  and  fruit  are 
grown,  keeps  its  own  cows  and  chickens  for  its  own  use  and  raises 
vegetables  and  fruit  to  the  amount  of  $2,600  during  the  past  year  with 
the  assistance  of  the  inmates  who  may  be  all  the  way  from  two  years 
up  to  fifteen  or  sixteen.  The  whole  place  is  conducted  as  far  as  pos- 
sible like  an  ordinary  home,  the  children  go  to  school  just  as  members  of 
other  families  do  and  perform  as  far  as  possible  the  ordinary  duties 
of  children  in  families.  The  girls  are  taught  to  sew,  cook,  can  fruit,  etc., 
so  that  when  they  attain  marriageable  age  they  may  be  fit  to  care  for  a 
home  and  family  of  their  own,  and  the  boys  are  taught  all  necessary  and 
possible  labors  belonging  to  the  farm  or  home.  Generally  speaking,  the 
sexes  are  segregated,  but  not  entirely,  for  under  proper  surveillance 
they  mingle  freely  like  other  children  in  families  and  at  the  public  school. 
About  thirty  children  can  be  taken  care  of  to  advantage 

At  rare  intervals  a  girl  of  more  mature  age  who  has  become  defiant 
and  unmanageable  as  well,  and  occasionally  diseased,  comes  under  the 
guardianship  of  the  matron  until  investigation  can  be  had  and  the  proper 
action  taken.  In  this  case  as  freedom  would  be  impossible  and  imprison- 
ment unwise,  the  matron  has  a  comfortable  room  where  they  can  be  taken 
care  of  but  where  they  are  confined.  No  matter  how  defiant  they  may 
be,  a  few  days'  restraint  under  such  conditions  generally  succeeds  in 
taming  the  proudest  spirit  until  they  find  that  after  all  society  can  pro- 
tect itself  and  curb  the  wildest  subject.  There  is  no  idea  of  punish- 
ment in  this  isolated  room,  as  good  treatment  in  all  respects  is  accorded, 
only  the  idea  that  society  has  a  right  and  is  able  to  protect  itself  and 
restrain  those  whose  freedom  would  be  detrimental  to  others.  Then  they 
may  listen  to  reason  and  if  not  too  far  gone  may  be  restored  to  useful- 
ness again.  It  is  unfortunate  that  the  probation  officer  and  the  matron 
of  the  Children's  Home  are  necessary,  but  it  is  gratifying  to  know  that 
the  success  attained  is  a  justification  for  their  existence. 

City  Home  League.  Among  the  organizations  of  Riverside  that  are 
quietly  working  their  way  and  which  are  to  a  large  extent  unknown  but 
are  active,  useful  and  takinp;  part  among  a  people  much  in  need  of  educa- 
tion and  assistance,  none  are  more  worthy  of  notice  than  the  City 
Home  League. 

Although  the  league  has  had  no  assistance  from  the  city  and  has 
depended  entirely  on  support  from  private  sources  it  is  remarkable  what 
has  been  done  and  the  amount  and  value  of  the  property  already  acquired. 
It  has  only  been  in  operation  for  about  two  years,  and  the  results  are 
surprising.  The  Settlement  House,  as  the  buildings  are  known,  or  the 
House  of  Neighbors  as  they  call  themselves,  is  almost  wholly  a  woman's 
movement  and  entirely  supported  by  voluntary  contributions.  Last  year 
there  was  contributed  in  that  way  $12,137.23  and  expended  $11,707.53, 
over  $4,000  of  which  was  used  for  increasing  the  capacity  of  the  plant. 

The  object  of  the  league  is  to  improve  the  condition  mainly  of  the 
Spanish  speaking  population,  including  the  more  ignorant  and  destitute 
of  the  negro  population,  and  being  a  woman's  movement  naturally  the 
efforts  are  directed  more  to  the  enlightenment  and  benefit  of  the  women 


658         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  children,  there  are  also  classes  for  teaching  the  men  carpentering 
and  two  evenings  a  week  are  devoted  to  teaching  Spanish,  j\lr.  Coons 
of  the  Polytechnic  High  School  being  the  teacher.  Among  the  Mexican 
population  those  who  have  come  from  Mexico  are  the  most  ignorant,  and 
the  women  not  having  the  opportunity  that  the  men  have  are  naturally 
more  so.  Everything  tending  to  make  better  citizenship  is  taught.  There 
is  a  large  assembly  hall  which  is  used  not  only  for  the  purposes  of  the 
league,  but  for  all  neighborhood  meetings  of  a  beneficial  nature.  A  work 
room,  as  its  name  implies,  is  used  for  teaching  the  ladies  dressmaking 
and  how  to  do  their  sewing  in  the  family.  They  are  paid  for  their  labor 
in  credit  tickets  which  can  be  applied  in  purchase  of  clothing  in  the  league 
store.  The  women  are  all  eager  to  learn  and  are  fairly  apt  pupils.  Tlie 
children  are  also  given  attention  and  a  boy  scout  movement  is  also  in 
operation.    Lessons  in  cooking  and  housework  are  also  carried  on. 

In  connection  with  the  main  building,  but  detached  in  the  rear,  are 
playgrounds  for  the  children  which  are  planted  to  shade  and  ornamental 
plants  and  trees,  with  drinking  fountain.  There  is  also  a  laundry  room 
with  hot  water  and  every  convenience  for  laundry  work,  which  can  be 
used  for  a  nominal  sum.  There  is  also  a  clinic  room  with  appliances 
for  patients  with  a  maternity  cottage.  There  is  no  suggestion  of  charity 
about  the  institution,  for  although  the  ladies  who  are  conducting  the 
Settlement  House  are  giving  their  services  free,  only  the  nurses  and 
attendant,  three  in  number,  get  salaries.  The  movement  has  succeeded 
beyond  the  expectations  of  the  founders  and  will  contribute  largely  in 
doing  away  with  undesirable  spots  in  the  city's  humbler  quarters. 

Riverside  County  Hospital  and  Home  for  the  Unfortun.\tes. 
It  would  seem  to  be  a  matter  for  regret  that  in  a  land  of  bright  sunshine 
and  flowers  where  hardly  a  day  comes  in  the  whole  year  that  the  sun  is 
not  seen  for  some  time  of  the  day  that  anything  could  arise  that  would 
mar  the  brij^ht  hopes  that  are  born  under  these  bright  conditions,  but  it  is 
unfortunately  the  case  that  there  are  always  some  who  are  needing 
assistance  and  many  who  in  the  vigor  of  youth  were  bright  with  hope  and 
blessed  with  health  and  strength  to  batter  with  adverse  conditions  of  life. 
There  are  others  to  whom  accidents  of  various  kinds  may  come  who  need 
the  surgeon's  care,  and  others  who  from  various  causes  need  the 
physician's  care. 

In  the  early  pioneer  days,  when  almost  everyone  who  came  was  in  the 
vigor  of  manhood  or  womanhood  and  able  to  be  out  in  the  open  air  and 
exercise  enough  to  vivify  the  life  currents  and  overcome  all  unfavorable 
microbes  that  might  gain  access  to  the  system.  Our  bright  sunshine  and 
pure  air  coming  from  the  almost  boundless  ocean  to  the  west  of  us  could 
hardly  by  any  means  carry  deleterious  germs  gathered  up  over  the  virgin 
lands  over  which  they  passed,  and  so  among  the  vigorous  pioneers  sick- 
ness was  an  almost  unknown  thing.  But  as  time  went  along  and  easier 
means  of  travel  were  made  possible  by  the  transatlantic  railroads  those 
who  were  less  vigorous  and  in  search  of  health  began  to  arrive,  many  of 
whom  prolonged  their  lives  for  years,  but  who  finally  by  reason  of 
less  vigorous  constitutions  succumbed  to  their  special  form  of  frailty. 
These  earlier  ones  all  had  loving  friends  who  were  not  onlv  able  but 
willing  to  help  those  for  whom  in  many  cases  in  the  first  place  the  journey 
was  undertaken.  But  as  population  increased  others  came  to  our  genial 
clime  in  search  of  health  (and  the  bulk  of  the  earlier  population  was 
composed  of  the  latter  class,  some  of  them  physicians),  and  they  became 
sick  or  needy  and  required  the  helping  hand  which  was  never  withheld. 
In  most  cases  those  who  were  in  need  and  incapable  of  work  were  sup- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         659 

ported  by  weekly  or  monthly  allowances  which  probably  in  the  end  was 
and  is  the  best  of  all  besides  throwino-  all  such  to  a  great  extent  on  their 
own  resources.  But  there  still  remained  those  who  were  decrepit,  some- 
times in  both  body  and  mind  and  without  friuiuls  with  means  enough  to 
support  them,  and  their  problem  was  one  of  the  difficulties.  Sickness 
overtook  some  and  perhaps  the  most  pressing  need  of  all  was  for  those 
who  met  with  accident  and  had  to  have  surgical  assistance.  Sometimes  a 
very  timely  aid  may  save  a  life.  For  instance,  by  a  peculiar  accident  a 
sawmill  operator  had  his  leg  suddenly  cut  oi?  below  the  knee  by  a  circular 
saw.  In  this  case  a  few  minutes  would  be  sufficient  to  end  life  away  in 
the  mountains  beyond  surgical  aid,  but  a  youth  who  had  been  taught  first 
aid  in  emergencies  was  equal  to  the  occasion  by  the  application  of  a 
tourniquet.  Another  case  of  some  high  school  students  out  hunting  in 
the  hills,  one  of  them,  member  of  a  leading  pioneer  family,  got  a  charge  of 
shot  in  the  calf  of  the  leg,  but  for  lack  of  first  aid  he  bled  to  death.  So 
we  see  the  need  of  hospitals  and  of  boy  scouts  who  will  be  familiar  with 
a  knowledge  of  what  to  do  in  case  of  need. 

The  first  hospital  was  fitted  up  out  of  a  small  hotel  on  the  block  west 
of  the  Santa  Fe  passenger  depot,  between  Seventh  and  Eighth  streets.  It 
was  at  best  only  a  makeshift  about  the  time  of  the  formation  of  Riverside 
County,  but  it  served  its  purpose  until  the  county  was  in  a  position  to 
do  better.  The  next  was  an  improvement  and  was  made  of  brick,  located 
in  the  neighborhood  of  San  Jacinto,  which  was  ample  until  destroyed  by 
an  earthquake.  Then  it  was  found  that  although  the  locality  was  good  it 
was  too  far  removed  from  the  center  of  population  and  another  move 
had  to  be  made.  This  time,  with  a  foresight  commendable,  a  site  was 
chosen  near  Arlington,  about  seven  miles  below  Riverside,  not  far  from 
the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  and  close  to  Magnolia  Avenue,  with  the  electric 
street  railway  going  past  the  hospital  two  or  three  times  per  hour. 

Seventy  acres  of  the  finest  alluvial  soil  was  bought,  on  which  every- 
thing adapted  to  the  country  can  be  grown,  both  farming  and  garden 
products,  with  all  kinds  of  fruits,  deciduous  or  evergreen,  including 
walnuts.  Here  has  been  built  large  and  commodious  buildings  with 
endless  screen  porches  for  air  and  sunshine  for  the  health  and  cheer  of 
inmiates,  in  addition  to  the  main  two-story  building  situated  in  the  midst 
of  abundance  of  shade  for  the  summer,  with  flowers  of  all  kinds  wherever 
a  spot  can  be  found  for  their  growth.  There  are  a  multitude  of  buildings 
surrounding  for  various  kinds  of  people  and  differing  kinds  of  troubles 
with  necessary  surroundings. 

There  are  buildings  for  the  tubercular,  contagious  diseases,  quaran- 
tine, detention  and  old  men,  besides  other  buildings  for  outdoor  assistants 
and  for  nurses  who  require  quiet  and  unbroken  rest,  and  buildings  sepa- 
rate from  the  others  for  various  purposes. 

The  buildings  have  a  present  capacity  of  100  for  patients  and  inmates 
apart  from  the  employes  and  is  now  nearly  filled  to  its  capacity  and 
comprises  about  everything  that  could  be  thought  of  in  all  the  various 
departments  of  a  hospital  or  a  home.  Perhaps  the  most  apparent  feature 
at  first  sight  is  the  absolute  cleanliness  of  everything  outside  and  in  and 
contented  and  happy  looks  of  everyone,  even  the  sick  and  suffering.  The 
officials  and  the  resident  physician,  Doctor  Wood,  are  on  the  most  familiar 
terms  with  all,  even  the  feeble  and  infirm,  and  his  visits,  professoinal  and 
otherwise,  are  looked  forward  to  with  pleasure.  The  great  amount  of 
screen  porch  gives  all  the  rooms  a  sunny  aspect,  while  the  walnut  trees 
give  an  agreeable  shade  in  summer.  The  institution  is  self-supporting  as 
far  as  it  is  possible  from  the  farm.  Abundance  of  fresh  vegetables  in 
their  season  all  the  year  round,  and  soon  enough  fruit  of  all  kinds  for 


660         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

present  use  and  catniing.  All  the  meat  consumed  on  the  place  is  raised 
and  the  sixteen  cows  kept  on  the  farm  furnish  all  the  milk  and  butter  and 
the  large  flock  of  poultry  furnish  eggs  and  chicken  with  the  Thanksgiving 
turkey.  An  ice  plant  furnishes  ice  for  all  purposes,  while  the  steam 
boilers  furnish  steam  and  heat  for  every  purpose.  All  the  laundry  work 
is  done  on  the  place  with  the  most  modern  appliances.  The  surplus  fat 
is  made  into  soap.  The  operating  room  is  furnished  with  everything 
necessary  and  the  X-ray  and  medical  department  are  as  complete  as  can 
be  made,  while  analysis  of  everything  needed  can  be  carried  on  with  study 
of  germs  with  a  view  to  overcoming  everything  in  relation  to  the  preven- 
tion or  treatment  of  disease. 

The  inmates  consist  of  all  who  are  in  need  of  surgical  aid  and  who 
are  suffering  from  any  kind  of  sickness.  Then  there  are  the  old  and 
infirm,  some  of  whom  are  able  to  pay  their  own  way,  who  are  as  well 
treated  as  if  they  were  in  their  own  home.  There  is  a  library  and  read- 
ing room  for  those  who  are  able  or  wish  to  read.  Many  of  the  inmates 
are  quite  unable  to  help  themselves,  but  all  seem  to  be  happy  and  content. 
No  one  can  be  admitted  except  on  an  order  of  the  supervisors  except  in 
case  of  haste  in  accidents  or  such  like.  Where  paying  patients  are 
admitted  or  infirm  people  who  cannot  take  care  of  themselves  charges  are 
based  on  cost,  which  for  board  is  only  about  one  dollar  and  thirty  cents 
per  day  since  the  war,  but  was  considerably  less  before  that  time. 

Feed  for  stock,  chickens,  etc.,  and  for  fat  animals  is  all  grown  on  the 
place  (with  some  hay  for  sale)  and  will  explain  why  the  relative  cost  per 
capita  for  food  is  so  low.  The  farm  buildings  and  the  stock  are  about 
one-fourth  of  a  mile  away  from  the  main  buildings.  All  told,  the  whole 
place  might  be  pronounced  a  model  institution  of  its  kind.  The  medical 
staff  is  composed  of  some  of  the  best  physicians  and  surgeons  of  River- 
side. 

To  the  housekeeper,  Mrs.  Margaret  Carroll,  many  of  the  best  fea- 
tures in  the  care  of  the  inmates  and  patients  are  indebted,  for  her  idea 
is  that  nothing  is  too  good  for  the  sick  or  unfortunate. 

Riverside  Portland  Cement  Plant.  Closely  allied  and  in  a  great 
degree  necessary  to  the  orange  industry  is  the  manufacture  of  Port- 
land cement.  None  know  this  more  than  the  orange  grower  himself. 
The  first  irrigation  works  were  completed  and  operated  without  anything 
else  than  lumber  and  earth,  and  even  if  the  orange  grower  could  have 
known  the  uses  that  cement  could  have  been  put  to,  he  could  not  have 
availed  himself  of  the  information  for  the  lack  of  material  to  work  with. 

The  first  cement  to  be  used  in  California  was  what  was  brought  round 
Cape  Horn  in  sailing  vessels  as  balast  and  in  lieu  of  other  things  as  cheap 
freight.  In  this  way  cement  was  obtained  in  a  comparatively  small  way 
reasonably  cheap.  From  small  beginnings  it  has  worked  its  way  up  until 
it  is  indispensible  in  Southern  California.  At  first  in  the  construction 
of  irrigating  ditches,  headgates,  bulkheads,  etc.  The  small  irrigating 
ditches  from  which  the  water  was  supplied  to  the  trees  were  wholly 
constructed  of  earth,  but  this  was  very  unsatisfactory  on  account  of 
breaks  and  waste  of  water.  Then  was  tried  sinking  a  board  in  the  banks 
of  the  ditch  with  openings  which  could  be  regulated  by  a  wooden  move- 
able cleat,  or  made  of  tin  nailed  to  the  board  with  a  slide  to  regulate  the 
water.  This  seemed  at  first  to  be  the  acme  of  perfection.  There  were 
other  things  to  consider,  the  main  one,  that  of  doing  away  with  an 
unsightly  ditch  which  was  a  favorable  place  for  weeds,  necessitating  fre- 
quent cleaning,  besides  being  a  harbor  for  gophers  and  other  pests  that 
made  occasional  breaks.     Then  the  boards  themselves  would  rot  out  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        661 

get  broken  needing  renewal  at  times.  This  suggested  the  idea  of  a  small 
flume  or  a  wooden  ditch  which,  when  painted  with  tar  and  asphaltum, 
was  a  most  convenient  improvement  and  apparently  imperishable. 

Rut  again  when  such  a  fiume  got  to  be  old  the  joints  began  to  draw 
apart  and  the  seams  to  open,  and  the  nails  to  rust  out  and  renewal  had 
to  be  made  in  about  ten  or  fifteen  years.  Again  animals  and  work  tools 
would  make  breaks  which  were  hard  to  repair,  then  the  idea  was  sug- 
gested to  make  them  of  cement,  and  when  well  done  they  were  well  nigh 
imperishable,  but  occasionally  the  flume  would  get  broken,  but  a  little  fresh 
cement  and  it  was  as  good  as  new.  There  was  though  the  flume  itself 
which  was  somewhat  in  the  way.  Again  it  was  suggested  to  bury  the 
flume  in  the  ground  deep  enough  in  the  form  of  pipe  with  only  a  stand 
pipe  with  openings  for  irrigation  at  every  row  of  trees.  This  is  about 
the  last  thing  in  irrigation,  except  in  place  of  putting  in  jointed  pipes,  a 
machine  was  invented  tiiat  would  make  and  lay  continuous  pipe  for  irri- 
gation without  any  joints  at  all,  until  the  machine  has  done  so  much  work 
that  there  is  about  nothing  else  to  be  done  except  in  new  settlements. 
And  the  headgates  are  laid  and  the  distributing  boxes  all  made  of  cement, 
and  so  are  all  the  pipes  and  appliances  until  the  source  of  supply  is 
reached.  If  it  is  the  river,  the  structure  and  its  foundations  are  laid  firm 
and  strong,  so  that  there  shall  be  no  break  away  in  a  busy  time,  but 
everything  is  cement,  even  the  ordinary  farm  bridges  and  latterly  the  con- 
crete road  on  the  farm  and  the  foundation  of  the  house,  even  the  house 
itself  with  all  outbuildings  are  cement,  and  if  fences  are  used  in  many 
cases,  the  posts  are  made  of  the  same  material.  Immense  quantities  of 
it  are  being  used  on  the  farm  and  everything  in  connection  with  running 
water  and  the  disposal  of  sewage.  This  is  the  answer  that  the  farmer 
and  fruit  grower  is  making  to  the  advocate,  for  the  conservation  of 
forests.  When  he  takes  his  fruit  to  market  or  the  packing  house  it  is 
over  a  concrete  road,  and  to  a  strictly  up-to-date  packing  house  or  ware- 
house it  also  is  of  reinforced  concrete.  Our  obsolete  and  retired  battle- 
ships in  place  of  reinforcing  our  fleets  on  the  high  seas  may  be  turned 
by  a  Ford  to  reinforcing  materials  for  our  building  everywhere,  and  our 
war  weapons  in  place  of  doing  duty  as  plowshares  or  pruning  hooks,  will 
be  used  in  reinforcing  our  homes  and  making  them  substantial.  This  has 
been  called  the  "iron  age"  with  this  view  of  it  may  we  not  call  it  the 
"cement  age"  for  verily  the  cement  men  are  literally  removing  mountains 
in  their  efforts  to  minister  to  the  necessities  of  the  present  age.  This 
by  way  of  an  introduction  to  the  Riverside  Portland  Cement  works. 

The  following  is  taken  from  the  woman's  edition  of  the  Riverside 
Enterprise  of  July,  1913. 

"There  are  probably  many  people  in  Riverside  who  have  but  a  faint 
conception,  if  any,  of  the  magnitude  that  the  cement  industry  has  attained 
at  the  present  day. 

In  the  vear  1912  there  was  produced  in  the  United  States  some  eighty- 
two  million  barrels  of  cement,  over  ten  million  barrels  of  this  amount 
being  manufactured  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 

Riverside  can  feel  proud  of  the  part  it  has  taken  in  the  production 
of  this  cement,  for  it  has  located  within  three  miles  of  the  city,  one  of 
the  most  modern  up-to-date  cement  mills  to  be  found  anywhere  in  the 
country,  with  a  capacity  of  5,000  (now  7,000)  barrels  daily,  giving 
employment  to  over  six  hundred  men,  with  a  payroll  averaging  between 
eighty  and  ninety  thousand  dollars  monthly. 

This  cement  plant  is  known  as  tlie  Riverside  Portland  Cement  Com- 
pany, and  it  is  producing  a  brand  of  cement  so  uniform  in  quality  and 
giving  such  excellent  results  that  it  is  becoming  difficult  for  the  manufac- 


662         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

turers  to  supply  the  demand.  In  the  year  1912  nearly  a  million  and  a 
half  of  barrels  of  its  product  was  shipped,  or  over  7,500  carloads. 

Portland  cement  is  so  called  because  the  artificial  stone  first  made 
from  it  resembled  Portland  stone  much  used  in  England  as  a  building 
material.  It  is  usually  made  from  limestone  and  clay,  the  active  elements 
in  which  are  lime,  silica,  alumina  and  ferric  oxide.  The  raw  material 
is  brought  into  the  plant  properly  mixed  and  then  ground  to  a  fine 
powder.  This  powder  is  then  run  into  a  long  tube  called  a  kiln.  This 
kiln  is  from  5  feet  to  8  feet  in  diameter  and  from  80  feet  to  125  feet  in 
length.  It  lies  almost  horizontally  and  slowly  revolves,  the  raw  material 
being  fed  into  the  upper  end  and  by  gravity  gradually  carried  through 
the  kiln  passing  out  at  the  lower  end.  The  fire  is  applied  directly  into 
the  tube  at  the  lower  end,  the  flames  often  reaching  the  whole  length  of 
the  kiln.  In  the  kiln  the  limestone  and  clay  are  burned  to  the  point  of 
incipient  fusion,  and  then  dropped  out  of  the  kiln  in  the  form  of  a 
clinker.  This  clinker  has  all  the  properties  of  cement,  and  in  order  to 
make  it  available  commercially  it  is  only  necessary  to  finely  grind  it  so 
as  to  properly  divide  its  particles  and  add  about  two  per  cent  of  gypsum, 
which  acts  as  a  retarder  and  regulator  of  the  setting  time  of  the  cement. 

It  is  at  this  stage  of  the  manufacture  of  cement  where  the  troubles 
with  "cement  dust"  (so-called)  have  to  be  reckoned  with,  for  in  the 
process  of  burning  the  raw  material  small  particles  of  finely  ground  rock 
are  carried  ofif  through  the  kiln  stacks  bv  the  gases  from  the  kilns,  these 
gases  acquiring  considerable  velocity  as  they  pass  through  the  kiln  stacks. 
The  combination  of  extreme  heat,  the  intense  draft  and  these  heavy  gases 
tend  to  pick  up  and  carrv  up  the  stacks  a  portion  of  the  most  finely 
powdered  limestone  and  clay  dust  as  it  is  poured  into  the  kiln  at  the 
upper  end. 

This  has  caused  severe  complaint  among  the  ranchers  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  cement  plant,  they  claiming  the  dust  is  harmful  to  surrounding  crops 
and  shrubbery.  This  still  remains  an  open  ouestion ;  it  is  also  yet  an 
open  question,  in  fact,  whether  it  is  any  more  harmful  than  road  dust  or 
any  other  kind  of  dust. 

The  orange  growers  maintain  that  it  is,  while  the  companv  maintains 
that  the  neighborhood  troubles  are  due  to  other  things  besides  cement 
dust.  The  region  is  a  windy  one,  the  frosts  the  last  two  winters  have 
been  severe  and  the  growers'  methods  of  fertilization  and  cultivation  have 
also  been  criticized.     Altogether  it  is  a  complex  question. 

To  overcome  this  difficulty,  however,  the  company  has  for  several 
years  been  making  many  experiments  to  discover  a  method  of  catching 
this  dust  as  it  was  emitted  from  the  kiln  stacks.  They  went  into  this 
matter  very  thoroughlv  and  much  time  and  monev  was  expended  by  them 
on  the  problem.  They  were  really  pioneers  in  this  work,  for  no  company 
had  ever  before  gone  into  the  matter  with  as  much  persistency  and  deter- 
mination to  succeed  as  they  did.  After  many  experiments  thev  finally 
decided  upon  what  is  known  as  the  electrostatic  dust  precipitation  sys- 
tem, or  lateral  system.  So  confident  were  they  of  the  success  of  this 
new  system  that  they  went  to  an  additional  expense  of  over  a  quarter 
of  a  million  dollars  to  install  ten  dust  treaters.  These  treaters  are  now 
in  operation  and  give  every  promise  of  meeting  fully  every  requirement 
expected  of  them,  and  the  cement  company  already  feels  highly  pleased 
with  the  results  so  far  obtained.  Considering  the  many  uses  to  which 
cement  is  daily  becoming  adapted,  it  would  seem  the  industry  is  only  yet 
in  its  infancy.  Modern  skyscrapers,  residences,  bridges,  culverts,  piping, 
dams,   reservoirs,  canals,   roadways,   in   fact,  everything  built   these  days 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        663 

is  of  cement  and  built  to  last.  The  da}'  of  permanent  construction  is 
here  and  good  concrete  is  the  one  permanent  structural  material." 

There  is  but  little  further  to  report  since  the  above  was  published. 
The  company  has  continued  to  enlarge  its  plant  until  now  it  has  a 
capacity  of  7,000  barrels  per  day.  A  large  rotary  kiln  for  serving 
clinker  storage  has  been  installed,  which  is  rather  unique  in  the  industry. 
During  the  war  a  highly  successful  process  for  extracting  potash  from 
cement  flue  dust  was  developed  and  operated  for  several  years,  but  at 
the  present  time  it  is  not  operated  owing  to  the  low  price  of  German 
l^otash,  which  has  made  the  production  of  home  potash  unprofitable. 

The  company  now  carries  life  insurance  in  favor  of  all  its  employees, 
free  of  expense  to  them,  which  becomes  effective  as  soon  as  the  employee 
has  been  six  months  in  the  employment  of  the  company,  gradually  increas- 
ing as  the  term  of  service  increases. 

Shipments  of  cement  are  made  throughout  all  the  southwestern  states 
and  also  Mexico,  Central  America,  the  west  coast  of  South  America, 
and  the  Hawaiian  Islands,  and  occasionally  to  Oregon,  Washington  and 
British  Columbia. 

The  ]\I.anuf.\cture  of  Ice.  To  an  outsider  it  would  look  as  if  the 
manufacture  of  ice  would  occupy  but  an  insignificant  place  in  the  fruit 
industry  of  Riverside  and  California,  but  when  we  take  into  consideration 
the  fact  that  whenever  the  weather  gets  the  least  warm  not  a  car  of 
fruit  leaves  the  packing  house  without  being  in  a  refrigerator  car  and 
iced  from  its  initial  start  to  its  destination  with  at  least  five  tons  of  ice 
in  its  bunkers.  Out  in  the  Imperial  Valley,  where  it  is  much  warmer, 
before  a  car  ever  starts  for  the  packing  house  it  has  to  be  first  cooled 
ofif  before  it  can  be  used  at  all,  and  the  ice  has  to  be  replenished  at  inter- 
vals during  its  long  journey  East.  The  one  item  of  10,600  cars  of  canta- 
lopes  shipped  from  the  Imperial  Valley  in  1921  in  the  short  space  of 
about  two  months  will  begin  to  give  an  idea  of  the  importance  of  the 
ice  business  to  Southern  California.  Ten  thousand  carloads  of  grapes 
were  shipped  out  of  the  State  in  one  month,  all  iced.  It  is  currently 
reported  thrt  one  railroad  alone  used  one  million  tons  of  ice  in  its 
refrigrator  business  last  year.  The  railroads  in  addition  to  furnishing 
refrigerating  cars,  also   furnish  the  ice   for  the  whole  trip. 

The  National  Ice  and  Cold  Storage  Company  has  an  ice  manufactory 
in  Riverside  which  has  been  in  operation  since  1893.  The  factory  at 
that  time  was  small  with  a  capacity  of  but  12  tons  per  day.  The  growth 
of  the  citrus  industry  and  the  expansion  of  the  city  and  surrounding 
country  has  increased  the  demand  for  ice  so,  that  the  company  had  to 
build  a  new  factory  in  a  more  favorable  location  with  a  much  increased 
capacity  and  storage  room  which  was  done  in  1906.  A  few  years  later 
there  was  added  to  the  plant  a  thoroughly  modern  cold  storage  ware- 
house. The  present  output  of  the  factory  is  sixty  tons  per  day,  with  an 
ice  storage  capacity  of  5,000  tons. 

The  retail  delivery  system  covers  more  than  fifty  square  miles,  much 
of  it  by  auto  truck,  Ijut  in  closely  settled  places,  horses  are  used  in  con- 
siderable numbers  as  they  are  more  convenient  in  these  locations  than 
auto  truck-J.  Besides  local  use  many  car  loads  of  ice  are  shii^ped  to 
smaller  towns  in  the  county,  besides  furnishing  large  supplies  to  the  rail- 
roads for  icing  fruit  and  vegetable  shipments. 

The  storage  department  has  been  an  unqualified  success,  large  cpianti- 
ties  of  goods  for  the  local  produce  dealers,  principally  apples  and  eggs, 
this  being  of  great  value  to  buyers  in  this  section. 


664         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

George  L.  Roberts,  manager  of  the  company's  interests  at  Riverside 
since  1898,  has  been  with  the  company  for  thirty  years.  In  emergencies 
ice  has  been  shipped  to  almost  every  part  of  the   State. 

The  company  has  manufactories  in  all  the  leading  shipping  towns  of 
the  State  from  Red  Bluflf  to  Los  Angeles.  The  plant  is  situated  on  the 
Santa  Fe  railroad  at  the  head  of  Twelfth  Street. 

Citrus  Fairs.  The  citrus  fair  is  an  institution  peculiar  to  Riverside 
as  such  a  thing  was  not  ever  heard  of  until  Riverside  became  a  producer 
of  citrus  fruits,  and  had  its  inception  in  the  very  early  days  of  the  settle- 
ment when  the  orange  tree  was  first  planted.  But  little  could  be  got  from 
what  little  planting  there  was.  The  old  trees  at  the  Mission  San  Gabriel 
had  been  growing  for  a  good  many  years,  and  bearing  fine  oranges  and 
private  parties  near  San  Gabriel  and  in  Los  Angeles,  notably  the  Wolf- 
skill  orchard  of  two  thousand  trees  was  flourishing  and  paying  large 
returns.  There  were  no  works  on  the  subject  that  were  available  and 
what  few  there  were  in  the  Spanish  language.  Old  San  Bernardino  had 
a  few  growing  trees  in  partial  bearing,  showing  that  the  orange  would 
grow  and  bear  inland,  beyond  the  bounds  of  Riverside.  As  to  the  time 
of  planting  and  the  care  of  the  trees,  but  little  was  known  and  the  gen- 
eral supposition  was  that  the  same  care  and  method  of  treatment  bestowed 
on  deciduous  trees  would  be  proper  for  orange  trees,  but  sad  experience 
soon  convinced  us  to  the  contrary.  An  orange  tree,  it  was  found,  moved 
in  winter,  stood  a  poor  chance  of  growing  and  they  could  be  moved  in 
the  height  of  summer  and  do  well.  As  the  orange  tree  has  two  or  three 
periods  of  growth,  it  can  be  moved  any  time  between  these  growths.  Prob- 
ably the  best  time  to  plant  is  just  before  the  spring  growth  begins,  or 
even  later  in  the  month  of  May  in  warm  weather. 

Orange  growing  in  the  early  days  was  a  fruitful  topic  for  discussion, 
and  when  we  first  heard  of  orange  trees  without  thorns  or  without  seeds 
it  was  a  subject  of  interest.  The  first  settlers,  many  of  them  at  least, 
started  in  by  saving  all  the  orange  seeds  they  could  get  hold  of  and  many 
of  them  made  partial  failures  because  of  letting  the  seed  dry  out  before 
planting.  Other  tree  seeds  with  which  they  were  acquainted  all  being 
dry  when  planted.  Here  was  a  new  problem  in  growing  semi-tropical 
evergreen  trees  and  experience  gained  in  this  way  was  costly,  and  so 
whenever  two  or  three  settlers  met  together,  orange  culture  came  up  for 
a  share  of  discussion. 

The  weekly  newspaper  was  not  in  evidence  to  give  currency  to  the 
daily  news,  which  at  best  were  meagre.  November,  1875,  saw  the  first 
issue  of  a  small  weekly,  which  at  best,  was  a  poor  apology  for  a  paper, 
but  at  that  it  was  welcome,  but  being  conducted  by  two  young  men  who 
knew  nothing  of  agriculture  or  horticulture  it  had  but  a  checkered  exist- 
ence for  a  year  or  so,  to  be  started  up  later  on  once  or  twice  finally 
"petering  out."  The  outlook  for  a  paper  seemed  discouraging,  imtil 
James  H.  Roe,  in  1878,  started  the  Riverside  Press,  which  was  a  great 
improvement,  but  Mr.  Roe  was  not  a  farmer  in  any  sense  previous  to 
coming  to  Riverside,  but  he  was  a  live  man  and  bought  some  government 
land,  and  in  that  way  became  interested  in  the  progress  of  the  colony. 
His  business  was  selling  drugs,  his  business  education  having  fitted  him 
for  that.  Being  before  the  public  in  that  way  the  regular  reporter  not 
yet  being  evolved,  he  had  an  opportunity  of  getting  the  news,  especially 
in  orange  growing,  and  time  went  on  and  fruit  trees  became  nearer  fruit- 
age. 

Deciduous  fruits  came  first  into  bearing  and  Los  Angeles  and  tlie 
Southern  California  Horticultural  Society,  being  but  newly  formed,  held 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        665 

a  fair  in  Los  Angeles,  October  19,  1878.  On  one  or  two  previous 
occasions  there  was  an  exhibit  of  fruit  at  an  agricultural  fair,  which  in 
reality  was  the  nucleus  of  the  Horticultural  Society.  J.  De  Barth  Shorb 
was  president  and  L.  M.  Holt  secretary  of  the  society.  Mr.  Holt  was 
really  the  life  of  the  society,  as  there  was  an  appropriation  from  the 
State,  and  being  a  salaried  officer  he  could  devote  the  whole  of  his  time 
to  the  work.  A  horticultural  paper  which  he  conducted  was  also  a  great 
help.  The  fair  was  favored  by  the  leading  citizens  of  Los  Angeles  and 
various  proposals  were  made  on  behalf  of  buildings  and  building  lots, 
among  the  rest,  Newmark  and  Company  who  were  the  leading  men  in 
Los  Angeles,  in  a  commercial  way  offered  a  lot  on  a  99  year  lease  at 
a  nominal  rent. 

The  result  of  it  all  was  the  donation  of  a  large  lot  by  P.  Beaudry 
on  the  high  ground  half  a  mile  or  more  up  from  the  junction  of  Main 
and  Spring  streets,  with  a  cable  car  line  running  past  it.  The  lot  was 
large  and  roomy  with  a  frontage  of  200  feet  running  back  over  300  feet 
to  another  street.  A  large  pavilion  was  planned,  one  section  of  which 
v/as  built  at  a  cost  of  $8,000  to  be  finished  in  time  for  the  fair.  The 
grading  of  the  lot  cost  $1,100.  Contributions  were  liberal  and  everything 
was  in  readiness  for  the  fair,  which  was  a  success  in  every  way,  and  was 
attended  by  the  Governor  of  the  State,  General  Stoneman,  and  other  dig- 
nitaries as  well  as  all  the  leading  fruit  growers  of  the  four  Southern 
counties.  Riverside  had  a  good  representation,  considering  that  it  wa? 
a  four  days  trip  by  wagon  there  and  back  to  take  an  exhibit,  as  there 
was  no  other  method  of  travel  except  by  stage  by  way  of  San  Bernardino. 
Everything  from  Riverside  took  a  premium.  James  Boyd  with  the 
largest  display  took  several  premiums,  mostly  firsts,  on  sundried  peeled 
peaches  a  diploma  regardless  of  whether  they  were  machine  dried  or  sun- 
dried.  Twogood  and  Russell  had  a  display  of  fruit  in  glass  which  was 
commended,  but  as  there  was  no  premium  offered  none  was  given. 
Carleton  and  Brown  (E.  G.)  took  the  premium  on  raisins  with  the  remark 
of  the  judges  that  they  had  never  seen  better  raisins,  either  California 
grown  or  Spanish.  Premium  of  $15  was  equally  divided  between  them. 
Honey  was  also  on  exhibit  from  Riverside  and  San  Diego.  Riverside 
honey  being  characterized  as  "white  as  printing  paper."  The  total  receipts 
of  the  fair  were  $3,151 — compare  that  with  the  total  receipts  of  the  last 
Riverside  fair  of  October,  1921,  of  $80,000,  or  the  San  Bernardino  citrus 
fair  of  1921  of  about  $60,000. 

Interesting  discussions  on  various  fruit  questions  were  held,  which  were 
reported  in  the  papers  of  the  time.  This  was  before  the  Los  Angeles 
Times  was  established  with  its  mammoth  mid-winter  edition  of  nearly 
300  pages.  Los  Angeles  then  had  a  population  of  about  10,000  with  a 
valuation  of  less  than  some  city  blocks  in  1921.  The  Los  .Angeles  fair 
suggested  a  citrus  fair  in  Riverside  with  the  proviso,  that  if  it  was  to  be 
held,  a  suitable  building  would  be  required.  At  the  Los  Angeles  fair 
one  of  the  questions  asked  was  what  and  where  is  Riverside?  That 
was  in  1878,  now  no  one  in  the  United  States  needs  to  ask  that  question. 

When  Riverside  starts  out  to  do  anything,  she  generally  succeeds, 
and  by  a  strenuous  exertion  and  contributions  of  labor  and  money ,_  the 
first  public  hall  for  citrus  fruit  exhibitions  was  ready  for  the  first  citrus 
fair  ever  held  in  the  United  States  or  elsewhere.  This  was  held  on 
February  12  and  13,  1879.  Naturally  the  exhibit  was  small  as  com- 
pared with  the  modern  citrus  fair,  and  it  was  an  exhibit  on  plates  each 
exhibitor  to  bring  his  own  plates.  There  were  275  separate  plates,  boxes 
or  bunches  in  all.  Some  exhibitors  had  fifteen  or  twenty  plates.  There 
was  also  a  local  orchestra  that  furnished  music  for  the  occasion.     There 


666        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

were  a  few  exhibits  other  than  citrus  fruits.  Messrs.  De  Barth  Shorb 
of  Los  Angeles,  and  Elwood  Cooper  of  Santa  Barbara  had  oHve  oil. 

The  Kinibal  brothers  of  National  City  had  pickled  olives.  Ripe  olives 
by  Craft  of  Crafton  and  Beers  and  Boyd  of  Riverside.  Prunes  by 
Boyd  and  lemons  by  many  growers  in  variety  mostly  seedlings.  Next 
to  irrigation  the  hall  was  prounounced  the  greatest  convenience  in  River- 
side, but  a  year  or  two  more  and  it  was  pronounced  too  small,  and  sold 
to  the  Odd  Fellows. 

The  discussion  and  investigations  of  fruit  matters  which  today  seem 
trivial,  were  of  the  utmost  consequence  at  the  time,  and  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  coming  things  of  more  importance,  such  as  farmers'  clubs,  farm- 
ers' institutes,  finally  culminating  in  our  state  experimental  stations. 
Among  the  serious  and  important  matters  discussed  was  that  of  lemons, 
all  of  which  were  seedlings.  It  was  a  matter  of  great  concern  that  all  of 
the  seedling  lemons  had  a  bitter  pulp  which  was  conveyed  in  the  juice 
rendering  it  very  objectionable  for  lemonade  or  pies.  Committees  were 
appointed  to  experiment  with  lemons  and  try  the  juice  by  letting  stand 
over  night,  all  with  the  same  result.  That  report  of  the  committee  after 
experimenting  with  twenty-eight  samples  was  that  none  of  the  seedlings 
could  be  recommended.  It  was  fortunate  at  this  juncture  that  the  seed- 
ling lemon  got  gum  disease  in  the  root  and  in  a  short  time  most  of  the 
seedlings  were  dead  from  that  disease.  From  that  time  on  lemons  have 
been  budded  on  orange  root  and  the  Eureka  and  Lisbon  lemons  have 
taken  the  market,  and  are  pronounced  superior  to  the  imported  lemon 
in  point  of  acid. 

There  was  quite  a  discussion  on  the  relative  merits  of  budded  and 
seedling  oranges,  which  was  not  finally  settled  for  a  year  or  two,  but  in 
a  gathering  of  that  kind  where  all  the  leading  growers  were  represented 
there  soon  came  to  be  some  light  thrown  on  the  matter.  However,  the 
fact  was  established  at  the  fair  that  the  Washington  navel  was  the  "best 
orange  in  every  respect."  This  was  the  first  public  exhibit  of  the  Washing- 
ton navel,  as  the  few  trees  that  were  budded  were  just  beginning  to  bear. 
Only  a  year  previous  the  first  Washington  navel  was  tested  at  the  home 
of  G.  W.  Gar.celon  by  a  few  growers  and  pronounced  the  best  orange. 
At  the  fair  there  were  a  few  specimens  of  the  Malta  blood  and  Mediter- 
ranean sweets,  then  known  as  the  Du  Roi,  which  were  pronounced 
excellent.  There  were,  too,  a  good  many  of  good  budded  seedlings. 
There  were  no  oranges  on  exhibit  from  north  of  the  Tehachapi,  although 
the  fair  committee  requested  exhibits  and  offered  to  pay  express  charges. 

James  Boyd  opened  the  discussion  on  planting,  cultivation,  transpor- 
tation, etc.,  which  was  partaken  in  by  such  men  as  Blanchard  of  Santa 
Paula,  Higgins  of  San  Diego,  Dr.  Shorb  of  San  Gabriel,  Van  Leuven  of 
old  San  Bernardino,  Jas.  Bettner  and  many  others  of  that  time,  all  since 
dead  except  Boyd,  Waite  and  a  very  few  others. 

That  fair  was  such  a  success  in  everv  way  that  it  paved  the  way  for 
others.  Not  the  least  of  the  benefits  of  the  fair  was  the  large  amount 
of  advertising  it  gave  to  Riverside  itself,  as  all  visitors  to  .Southern  Cali- 
fornia at  the  time  made  it  a  special  part  of  the  visit  to  see  the  fair.  Soon 
the  public  hall  was  too  small  for  the  annual  fair,  and  the  building  was 
sold,  and  in  two  or  three  years  a  large  pavilion  was  erected  with  com- 
modious rooms  for  meetings  which  v.'as  ample  for  gatherings  of  all  kinds, 
but  it  was  burned,  and  the  purpose  of  the  fairs  having  been  fairly 
well  accomplished  for  some  years  they  were  suspended.  .After  the 
county  was  formed  it  was  thought  that  a  countv  fair  would  be  a  good 
thing,  and  a  forty  acre  tract  was  seciired  about  a  mile  from  the  city,  and 
close  to  Fairmount  Park,  which  has  a  very  large  equipment  of  buildings 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        667 

suitable  for  fair  purposes,  with  a  very  fast  half  mile  track  with  com- 
modious grandstand  capable  of  seating  a  good  many  thousands,  but  the 
the  fair  committee  requested  exhibits  and  offered  to  pay  express  charges, 
is  now  too  small,  and  it  is  going  to  be  enlarged.  From  being  at  first  a 
county  fair  and  a  good  place  for  reunions  of  acquaintances  from  al! 
over  the  county,  it  has  merged  into  what  is  now  known  as  the  Southern 
California  Fair,  with  visitors  and  exhibits  from  all  over  the  State  south 
of  San  Francisco.  In  some  respects  it  is  equal  to  the  State  Fair.  Some 
of  the  best  exhibits  of  stock  have  been  had  for  the  last  few  vears.  The 
exhibits  of  produce  from  various  counties  have  been  very  extensive  and 
varied  and  competition  has  been  keen.  As  the  name  implies,  the  fair 
aims  to  take  in  and  be  recognized  as  serving  the  whole  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia, and  to  the  South  what  the  State  Fair  is  to  the  North.  A  small 
appropriation  of  money  has  been  given  by  the  state  to  be  expended 
in  premiums  solely.  The  county  also  contributes  towards  its  success. 
The  horse  races  are  also  an  attractive  feature  For  the  season  of  1921. 
tiie  total  receipts  of  the  fair  have  been  $80,000.  This  is  the  only  fair  in 
the  State  outside  of  the  State  Fair  that  makes  a  financial  success.  The 
grounds  occupied  by  the  fair  are  practically  owned  by  the  City  of  River- 
side, and  ar?  in  close  touch  with  the  Pacific  Electric  and  steam  railways. 
When  Riverside  abandoned  the  citrus  fair  in  favor  of  county  fair 
with  all  the  usual  accompaniments  of  such  a  fair.  San  Bernardino 
County  took  up  the  citrus  fair  and  for  several  years  past  has  made  a 
complete  success  of  it,  and  in  a  great  measure  the  two  counties  co-operate 
together,  each  helping  the  other's  fair  and  thus  making  a  greater  success 
than  would  be  alone.  Exhibits  come  to  these  citrus  fairs  from  all  parts 
of  the  State  where  oranges  are  grown.  At  the  fair  of  1921  about  $50,- 
000  was  taken  in  from  all  sources. 

The  Woman's  Club.  The  Woman's  Club  may  well  be  classed  among 
the  older  organizations  of  Riverside,  for  it  has  been  in  existence  for  a 
period  of  over  twenty-five  years. 

At  first  when  a  Woman's  Club  was  heard  of,  it  was  received  as  a 
wonder  by  the  men  folks  and  the  question  was  asked,  whatever  could  .the 
women  want  by  organizing  a  club?  We  had  been  hearing  of  woman's 
right  and  woman  suffrage  away  in  the  dim  and  misty  past,  and  of  bloomer 
costumes  with  a  good  deal  of  ridicule,  and  even  of  active  opposition  from 
certain  quarters  so  long  ago,  in  fact,  that  the  name  of  Susan  B.  Anthony 
is  not  to  the  younger  generation  much  more  than  a  tradition,  but  for  all 
that,  universal  suffrage  is  today  a  fact  without  creating  a  revolution. 
But  a  "\\^oman's  Club,"  whoever  heard  of  such  nonsense?  What  is  it 
anyway?  No  one  seemed  to  be  able  to  throw  any  light  on  the  movement. 
Could  not  the  women  "ask  their  husbands  at  home"  as  had  been  written 
ages  ago,  and  submitted  to  for  just  as  long? 

At  first  Women's  Clubs  were  looked  on  by  men  as  something  sort  of 
mysterious,  and  as  no  men  were  admitted,  there  was  all  the  more  curiosity 
manifested  by  them.  However,  they  came  to  be  recognized  as  legitimate 
institutions  as  time  went  on. 

Mrs.  M.  E.  Hewitt  is  the  original  suggestor  of  the  idea  in  Riverside. 
and  in  conjunction  with  Mrs.  Dr.  Sarah  E.  Maloy,  a  recent  comer  from 
Chicago,  a  club  was  organized  with  16  charter  members  at  the  oflfice 
rooms  of  Dr.  Sarah  E.  Maloy  on  January.  1896,  membership  increasing 
immediately  to  about  35  members. 

There  were  four  subdivisions  almost  from  the  start,  viz.,  an  Ar< 
Class,  a  Home  Class,  a  Review  Class  and  a  Music  Class. 


668         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Started  with  the  design  to  make  an  organization  where  character, 
not  social  position  or  wealth,  should  be  the  basis  of  club  aristocracy,  the 
Woman's  Club  has  grown  until  it  is  one  of  the  permanent  and  most  valued 
institutions  of  the  city.  The  meetings  were  held  at  first  in  the  homes  of 
the  members,  later  in  leased  public  halls,  but  finally  in  the  splendid 
Woman's  Club  house  erected  for  their  use.  The  club  had  some  200 
members  to  start  with.  While  educational  and  social  features  have  been 
its  leading  characteristics,  the  club  has  given  its  influence  and  material 
assistance  in  behalf  of  other  organizations  and  for  the  beautifying  of  the 
city.  The  first  building  on  the  corner  of  Main  and  Eleventh  streets  was 
built  by  stock  issued,  which  was  bought  up,  not  only  by  the  members, 
but  the  citizens  also,  the  organization  that  had  charge  of  the  building 
and  building  fund  was  incorporated  under  the  title  of  the  Woman's  Club 
House  Association,  the  board  of  directors  being  chosen  from  active  mem- 
bers of  the  Woman's  Club.  In  1908  the  building  was  completed  and 
occupied,  the  building  and  contents  representing  an  outlay  of  $25,000. 

1  he  Wednesday  Morning  Club,  with  a  charter  membership  of  one 
hundred,  was  organized  in  1902  primarily  to  study  parliamentary  usage 
and  train  its  members  in  presenting  orally  their  views  on  important  cur- 
rent events,  and  also  to  stimulate  a  public  spirit,  which  should  induce 
improved  sanitary  conditions  and  the  further  beautifying  of  the  city. 
Mrs.  Mary  E.  Darling,  former  president  of  the  State  Federation  of  Clubs 
was  the  founder  of  the  Wednesday  Morning  Club.  They  were  very 
active  during  the  war  in  all  the  various  labors  in  connection  with  the 
soldiers  welfare,  both  at  home  and  abroad,  and  in  providing  for  the  com- 
fort and  welfare  of  those  who  were  called  out.  So  also  were  they  active 
in  promoting  the  sale  of  all  the  various  bond  issues  by  the  National 
Government  and  in  seeing  that  Riverside  did  her  full  share  in  raising 
the  money.  Also  working  with  the  Red  Cross  and  the  Salvation  Army 
in  every  useful  and  necessary  work. 

In  1916  the  club  sold  the  fine  building  that  had  been  occupied  so  use- 
fully and  beneficially,  to  the  Elks.  Since  that  time  being  without  any 
building  the  women  have  not  been  idle,  but  have  been  meeting  in  rented 
quarters.  This  was  found  to  be  inconvenient  and  another  movement 
was  made  in  1921  looking  towards  a  new  building,  the  result  of  which 
has  been  that  a  large  lot  was  secured  on  the  corner  of  Walnut  and  Tenth 
streets,  which  is  likely  to  be  ample  for  the  needs  of  the  club  for  many 
years  to  come.  Mrs.  H.  E.  DeNyse  president  of  the  club  was  one  of  the 
active  members  in  raising  the  funds  for  the  new  building,  quite  a  large 
balance  being  held  over  from  the  former  building  sold.  The  total  invest- 
ment in  the  new  building  will  represent  something  like  $25,000,  part  of 
which  has  been  raised  gradually  by  the  active  work  of  wiUing  members. 
Not  the  least  part  of  the  useful  work  of  the  members  has  been  in 
influencing  legislation  along  special  lines  in  which  women  have  been 
especially  interested.  Membership  in  the  club  is  gradually  increasing. 
The  new  building  was  ready  for  occupation  on  January  31.  1922. 

Mission  Inn 

The  Mission  Inn  of  Riverside  it  might  be  said  is  one  of  the  wonders 
of  the  world  and  is  a  great  reminder  of  the  Arabian  Nights  and  Aladdin 
and  his  wonderful  lamp.  The  foundation  was  laid  about  1877  and  was 
an  unpretentious  two-story  building  made  of  adobes  or  unburned  clay 
blocks  which  Mr.  Miller,  the  "Master  of  the  Inn,"  helped  make  by  taking 
off  his  shoes  and  tramping  the  clay  with  his  bare  feet.  The  buildings 
today  occupy  a  whole  city  block  of  two  and  a  half  acres,  between  Sixth 


SAN  RERXARDIXO  AND  RIVRRSIDE  COUNTIES         cm 

aiul  Seventh  and  Main  and  (^ranj^e  streets,  three  stories  hij^h  witli  a  solid 
frontage  of  buildings  on  three  streets,  the  main  entrance  being  mainly 
occupied  by  the  frontage  and  grounds  on  Seventh  Street.  In  addition 
to  this  two  and  a  half-acre  block  there  are  tvi'o  large  buildings  adjoining 
on  the  opposite  side  of  Sixth  Street  containing  quarters  for  the  employes, 
etc.,  as  the  original  buildings  are  inadequate  for  the  needs  of  the  hotel 
proper.  The  open  court  in  the  center  of  the  square  is  used  as  an  open 
air  dining  room  in  the  summer  with  a  spacious  awning  to  shut  out  the 
direct  rays  of  the  sun.  It  would  be  impossible  in  the  space  at  command 
to  give  anything  of  a  detailed  description  of  the  inn :  there  are  so  many 
features  apart  from  an  ordinary  inn.  The  aim  has  been  to  build  up  and 
perpetuate  all  the  best  features  of  the  Spanish  colonization  of  both 
North  and  South  America,  and  old  Spain. 

It  is  an  extensive  museum  for  curiosities  of  all  sorts  of  Spanish  and 
Indian  antiques,  crosses,  bells,  pictures,  etc.  (as  well  as  speciments  of 
curios  from  other  parts  of  the  world),  mainly  illustrative  of  the  religious 
life  of  the  padre  missionaries.  The  music  room  and  chapel  are  in  con- 
stant use  for  services  and  meetings  and  in  connection  with  the  Sunday 
evening  song  services  which  are  a  great  attraction  to  guests  of  the  Inn 
and  specially  invited  guests  from  the  outside  and  one  has  only  to  attend 
one  of  these  musical  evenings  to  be  put  in  a  frame  of  mind  that  would 
convince  without  any  argument  how  easy  it  would  be  to  be  good  while 
enjoying  the  harmonies  of  the  occasion.  Space  will  only  permit  the 
following: 

The  Glenwood  Mission  Inn — Famous  Tourist  Hotel 
by  j.  r.  g.xbbert  of  the  riverside  enterprise 

Story  of  Frank  A.  Miller's  efforts  to  reproduce  outstanding  archi- 
tectural features  of  all  old  missions  of  California  commemorating  early 
Franciscan  Fathers  and  their  work : 

While  at  -Atlantic  City  last  summer  in  attendance  upon  the  sessions  of 
an  international  organization,  with  about  8,000  delegates  present.  I  wore 
a  badge  upon  which  was  the  name  of  Riverside.  Some  of  the  expressions 
from  those  who  saw  that  name  were  as  follows : 

"Riverside.  California.  How  well  I  remember  being  there  once  at 
the  Mission  Inn." 

"Do  you  know  Frank  Miller?  Well,  when  you  get  back  to  California, 
say  'Hello,  Friend  Miller,'  for  me." 

"Riverside !  Say.  isn't  that  the  place  where  they  turned  an  old  mission 
into  a  hotel  ?" 

"Beautiful  Riverside,  the  Mission  City  of  California." 

These  are  fair  paraphrases,  written  down  shortly  afterward,  to  be 
treasurer  and  printed  sometime  in  Riverside  and  to  record  the  impression 
that  at  least  90  per  cent  of  the  people  met  with  during  five  weeks  of  travel 
about  the  East,  immediately  associated  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  and 
its  master,  Frank  A.  Miller,  with  the  name  of  Riverside.  At  least  that 
large  a  percentage  of  the  people  who  have  ever  heard  of  Riverside  refer, 
casually  or  directly,  to  the  most  unique  hotel  of  this  country.  Those  who 
have  never  visited  Riverside  but  have  heard  of  it  at  all,  have  also  heard  of 
the  Mission  Inn  and  Mount  Rubidoux.  Some  of  them  have  fantastic  ideas 
about  both,  but  they  do  have  ideas  and  that  is  a  lot. 

Writing  this  story  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  and  its  dominant 
personality,  I  am  not  doing  so  from  the  point  of  view  of  a  reporter,  or 
space  writer,  but  from  the  point  of  view  of  an  observer  of  eight  years 
standing.  The  impressions  I  am  voicing  will  probably  appear  hackneyed 
and  commonplace  to  most  Riversiders,  but  they  may  appear  to  some  of 


670         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  hundreds  who  have  never  visited  Riverside  in  such  a  hght  as  to  create 
within  their  hearts  a  desire  to  come  to  Riverside  and  spend  some  of  their 
days  at  the  Inn  and  to  become  acquainted  with  its  master  in  his  own 
home,  for  the  Inn  is  Hterally  the  home  of  Frank  Miller  and  his  family 
and  has  been  for  many  years.  What  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  is  today 
is  an  embodiment  of  a  life's  dream,  nearing-  completion,  but  not  com- 
pleted, s^^rowing  each  year  a  little  nearer  to  an  ideal  establishment  in  the 
mind  of  its  great  creator,  many  years  ago. 

The  building  of  the  Inn  was  the  first  attempt  in  California  to  per- 
petuate California  Mission  traditions  and  the  history  of  their  influence 
upon  West  Coast  civilization  as  the  traditions  of  Plymouth  Rock  and 
the  Old  South  Church  have  been  preserved  along  the  Atlantic  Coast. 
Every  village  and  hamlet  of  New  England  is  treasuring  the  mementoes 
and  keepsakes  of  the  Colonial  days  and  the  stories  of  the  heroes  who  make 
American  independence  a  possibility.  Everywhere  is  still  felt  the  influence 
of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers.  The  old  burying  groimds  are  preserved  as  sacred, 
even  in  the  middle  of  great  cities,  where  the  property  so  dedicated  is  worth 
fabulous  sums. 

But  Frank  Miller,  son  of  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  war,  intensely  patriotic 
and  holding  in  greatest  reverence  the  eastern  traditions  of  his  forebears, 
grew  from  boyhood  in  California  and,  being  a  poet  by  nature  and  a 
dreamer,  siezed  in  his  early  youth  upon  the  fact  that  the  old  California 
had  a  civilization  antedating  the  American  Revolution  and  began  to 
wonder  what  it  was  that  had  made  such  a  civilization  possible.  He  learned 
of  the  Franciscan  Fathers,  who  braved  the  dangers  of  the  explorer  and 
landed  on  the  California  coast,  building,  under  the  leadership  of  Father 
Junipero  Serra,  a  chain  of  Missions  from  San  Diego  to  San  Francisco, 
established  one  full  day's  journey  on  foot  apart,  and  connected  by  El 
Camino  Real,  the  King's  Highway,  in  reality  little  more  than  a  winding 
trail  among  the  foothills  of  which  the  California  poet,  John  McGroarty. 
says  in  one  of  his  stanzas : 

It's  a  long  road  and  sunny,  it's  a  long  road  and  old. 
And  the  brown  padres  made  it  for  the  flocks  of  the  fold, 
They  made  it  for  the  sandals  of  the  summer-folk  that  trod 
From  the  fields  in  the  open  to  the  shelter-house  of  God. 

It  hurt  Frank  Miller's  sense  of  the  fitness  of  things  that  the  work 
started  so  wonderfully  well  by  the  "Brown  Padres"  should  have  been 
allowed  to  be  obscured  by  the  onrush  of  Americans.  Grasping  greed  of 
the  money-makers  and  the  rush  of  settlers,  who  came  along  with  the  gold- 
seekers,  and  before,  resulted  in  the  abandonement  of  some  of  the  missions 
and  their  walls  were  alowed  to  fall  into  ruins.  Some  of  them,  around 
which  towns  and  cities  were  builded,  were  preserved  and  others  were 
rebuilt.  The  Riverside  innkeeper  had  a  vision  of  the  possibility  of  creat- 
ing a  great  building  which  would  preserve  in  solid  masonry  all  of  the 
outstanding  architectural  features  of  the  missions  of  the  padres.  He 
realized  that  such  a  structure  would  be  ideal  for  Southern  California 
weather,  delightfully  cool  in  summer  and  warm  and  cozy  in  winter.  It 
should  be  surrounded  by  pepper  trees,  introduced  by  the  Mission  Fathers, 
and  handed  down  to  California  city  builders  as  an  ideal  ornamental  tree 
for  street  decoration. 

So  this  hotel  man  became  the  leading  spirit  in  the  revival  of  mission 
architecture  in  Southern  California.  He  planned,  fought  for  and  built 
the  hotel  of  his  dreams,  a  Mission  Hotel,  with  cool  cloistered  walks, 
shaded  court,  tower  of  the  bells  and  the  other  wonderful  mission  features 
which  have  been  imitated  so  often  in  recent  pieces  of  architecture,  but 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        671 

equalled  by  no  other  buildings  in  this  country.  He  began  the  collection 
of  the  mementoes  of  the  Spanish  and  Mexican  occupation.  He  secured 
valuable  Spanish  paintings,  which  lead  to  the  building  of  a  Spanish  art 
gallery  in  a  new  wing  of  the  hotel,  and  he  is  still  planning  new  features 
that  it  will  take  several  years  to  complete. 

This  brief  story  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  is  entirely  inadequate, 
but  gives  some  of  the  outstanding  features  of  the  hotel.  No  stranger  to 
the  community  feels  that  he  has  seen  Riverside  until  he  has  visited  it. 
It  has  influenced  the  entire  character  of  the  community  life.  Instead  of 
being  an  industrial  center,  the  city  has  become  an  educational  city,  a  city 
of  happy,  prosperous  homes,  of  churches,  parks  and  shaded  streets.  It 
has  come  to  take  on  many  of  the  characteristics  of  the  Inn,  being  roomy, 
well  shaded,  comfortable  and  is  constantly  attracting  more  and  more 
people  to  it  who  desire  to  live  in  it  all  of  the  remaining  years  of  their 
lives. 

When  the  present  Glenwood  Inn  grew  into  tangible  form,  it  imme- 
diately attracted  national  attention  and  since  has  come  to  be  known  inter- 
nationally as  a  hotel  unique  among  hotels.  It  breathes  the  spirit  of  the 
old  mission  days,  the  hospitality  of  the  Mission  Fathers  and  the  holders 
of  the  old  Spanish  grants.  There  is  a  dignity  about  the  place  which 
develops  an  immediate  feeling  of  quietness  and  repose.  The  gilded 
palaces  that  are  commonly  met  with  in  the  great  hostelries,  with  their 
garish  decorations  and  marble  halls  are  conspicuous  by  contrast  with  the 
Glenwood  Mission  Inn.  It  is  said  at  the  Inn  that  you  cannot  be  grand 
and  comfortable  at  the  same  time  and  the  Miller  family  prefers  to  be 
comfortable  and  it  happens  that  the  people  who  come  to  the  Inn  year 
after  year  to  spend  a  few  months  of  the  winter,  prefer  the  same  thing. 

The  demand  on  the  part  of  the  tourists  for  California  keepsakes,  has 
resulted  in  the  Curio  Room  at  the  Inn  and  innumerable  corridors  and 
sequestered  nooks  in  the  basement,  where  there  are  Oriental  curios,  old 
Indian  relics  and  all  sorts  of  pioneer  mementoes,  which  may  be  purchased 
for  the  collection  of  those  to  whom  they  appeal.  Through  all  of  these 
underground  passages  are  reminders  of  the  Missions,  including  a  com- 
plete collection  of  the  Ford  paintings  of  all  of  the  Missions,  as  they 
appeared  in  the  early  '80s,  some  of  them  showing  a  number  of  views. 
There  are  also  many  mammoth  photographs  of  mission  scenes,  appearing 
as  transparencies  in  the  windows  of  the  corridors. 

The  most  conspicuous  feature  of  the  Inn,  and  the  one  most  loved  by 
its  friends,  is  the  Cloister  Music  Room,  fitted  with  a  great  pipe  organ, 
where  there  are  several  programs  of  music  each  day  and  from  where  the 
ringing  of  bells  of  the  bell  tower  is  controlled.  It  is  in  the  quiet,  semi- 
religious  atmosphere  of  this  room,  that  a  Sunday  night  hour  of  music, 
including  the  familiar  old  songs,  is  held.  It  has  grown  out  of  the  family 
custom  of  years  standing  and  is  continued  through  the  year.  Those 
present  participate  in  group  singing  and  there  are  readings  of  some 
appropriate  selections  from  the  fund  of  literature  selected  by  DeWitt 
Hutchings,  son-in-law  of  Frank  Miller. 

A  few  years  ago,  after  returning  from  a  European  tour  in  quest  of 
ideas  for  hotels  in  keeping  with  the  Spanish  architecture  and  ideas  of 
the  Inn,  Mr.  Miller  established  his  famous  court  dining  room,  out  under 
the  blue  sky,  and  shaded  during  the  day  from  the  sun  by  immense  awnings, 
spread  from  one  of  the  wings  of  the  hotel  to  another.  The  larger  part 
of  the  year,  diners  have  their  meals  in  this  court,  including  breakfast, 
luncheon  and  dinner.  It  is  a  pleasant  experience  for  the  eastern  tourist, 
fleeing  a  January  storm  at  the  old  home,  to  have  his  first  meal,  after 
coming  over  the  Cajon  Pass  and  into  Southern  California,  in  this  open 
air  dining  place. 


SAN  BERXARDIXO  AND  R1\'ERS1DE  COUNTIES         673 

!''r.ink  Miller  is  a  Icarlcr  in  the  comniunitv  life  of  River'ide  aivl  the 
hotel  is  the  center  of  many  social  features.  He  has  ])een  in  the  forefront 
of  the  outstanding  civic  movements  that  have  made  Riverside  distinctive 
among  the  cities  of  Southern  California  in  a  number  of  ways,  in  addition 
to  mere  attractiveness.  It  was  his  vision  that  made  an  annual  event 
of  the  Easter  Morning  service  on  Mount  Rubidoux.  The  first  service 
came  as  a  suggestion  from  Jacob  Riis,  the  world  famous  philanthropist 
and  philosopher.  Its  permanence  has  been  the  result  of  the  perseverance 
of  Frank.  Miller.  The  service  has  grown  steadily  each  year,  until  it  has 
come  to  mean  that  from  15,000  to  20,000  people  each  Easter  Sunday 
morning  make  their  way  to  the  summit  of  the  mountain  and  partici])ate 
in  a  service  that  has  become  ritualistic  in  character. 

Many  worthy  community  movements  are  given  their  inception  in  the 
Glenwood  Mission  Inn.  The  master  of  the  Inn  has  been  a  leader  in  manv 
campaigns  of  the  other  days  to  secure  such  iniDrovements  as  Sherman 
Indian  School,  the  United  States  Army  aviation  field  and  school  at  March 
Field,  the  University  of  California  Citrus  Experiment  Station,  the  Uni- 
versity Farm  School,  putting  over  the  war  drives  and  many  efforts  in 
behalf  of  worthy  local  institutions,  all  of  which  have  been  successful 
as  a  result  of  the  "luncheon  plan,"  devised  by  Mr.  Miller.  In  these  elTorts, 
leaders,  of  difl'erent  community  activities  were  usually  called  to  the  Inn 
as  the  guests  of  the  master  of  the  Inn.  There,  following  a  delightful 
repast,  there  would  be  unfolded  to  them  some  fine  communitv  idea. 
Before  the  meeting  would  disperse  there  would  be  a  substantial  start 
made  toward  a  permanent  organization  and  the  success  of  the  venture 
was  always  assured  from  that  time  forward. 

The  people  of  Riverside  participate  in  the  social  life  at  the  Inn  and 
mingle  with  the  guests.  During  the  season  there  are  dances  given  every 
Saturday  night  for  guests  and  there  are  usually  a  large  number  of 
dinner  parties  made  up  of  Riverside  society  folk  who  participate  in  the 
social  affairs  that  follow.  Every  other  week  night  dancing  is  enjoved 
in  the  ref rectory  dining  room  between  the  hours  of  9  and  11  o'clock. 

The  true  character  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn  mav  be  tested  by 
the  condition  that  obtain  behind  the  scenes  as  well  as  in  the  lobbv.  The 
traveling  tourists  are  as  greatly  interested  in  and  really  marvel  more 
at  the  kitchen  than  thev  do  about  the  beauties  of  the  rest  of  the  hotel. 
The  kitchen  is  as  spotless  as  a  perfectly  appointed  drug  store.  It  has 
attractive  Mission  Day  paintings  on  the  ceilings  and  walls.  The  floor  is 
of  tile  and  the  comfort  of  the  operatives  is  carefully  planned  with  perfect 
ventilation.  The  average  temperature  there  is  little  higher  than  that  of 
the  rest  of  the  hotel.  It  is  in  the  management  of  this  department  and 
the  household  features  of  the  entire  hotel  that  Mrs.  .'Mice  Richardson, 
sister  of  Frank  Miller,  is  an  important  personage.  Mrs.  Richardson 
is  in  reality  the  manager  of  the  great  hotel  and  efficiency  expert  in  making 
things  go.     She  is  one  of  the  dominant  characters  of  the  family  group. 

Mrs.  Frank  A.  Miller  is  an  essential  partner  in  the  Inn.  She  has 
apparently  always  been  essential  for  its  success  and  welfare.  She  is 
the  constant  companion  of  Mr.  Miller  in  all  of  his  rest  hours,  many  of 
which  are  spent  at  Arch  Beach  in  the  family  cottage  and  she  is  also  his 
constant  confidant  and  advisor  in  all  business  matters  relating  to  the 
operation  of  the  great  hotel. 

Mrs.  Alice  Hutchings,  daughter  of  Mr.  Miller,  has  grown  up  in  the 
Inn  froin  girlhood.  It  is  as  much  a  part  of  her  life  as  any  home  could  be. 
She  specializes  in  the  purchasing  department,  particularly  for  the  curio 
room. 

The  employes  of  the  Inn  form  a  part  of  the  Mission  Inn  family,  also. 
They  are  intensely  loyal  to  the  institution  and  all  of  the  executives  have 


674         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

been  there  for  many  years.  They  participated  during  all  the  war  period 
as  a  distinct  group,  always  co-operating  on  a  100  per  cent  basis  in  all  of 
these  activities.  Many  members  of  the  official  family,  including  women 
as  well  as  men,  enlisted  in  different  forms  of  war  service,  the  service  flag 
now  including  some  golden  stars. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  do  justice  to  the  Mission  Inn.  To  describe 
it  is  beyond  the  writer's  powers,  and  nothing  short  of  a  complete  catalogue 
of  the  almost  innumerable  curios,  antiques,  works  of  art,  historical  relics 
of  not  merely  momentary  but  also  of  historical  value,  the  like  of  which 
is  probably  not  to  be  found  in  the  museums  and  depositories  of  the  whole 
world.  There  is  probably  the  greatest  collection  of  bells  to  be  found 
anywhere  collected  from  the  whole  world  of  belldom.  The  collection  of 
crosses  is  also  large,  rare  and  invaluable.  The  whole  inn  is  a  museum 
of  everything  in  connection. 

The  wonder  is  how  Mr.  Miller  coming  here  a  comparatively  poor 
boy,  without  anything  more  it  might  be  said  than  the  merest  rudiments 
of  education,  has  been  able  to  do  so  much  of  what  really  requires  a 
world  wide  experience. 

At  a  complimentary  informal  surprise  dinner  given  to  him  on  Febru- 
ary 3,  1922,  Mr.  Miller  in  giving  an  acknowledgement  of  the  honor 
tendered  him,  whose  whole  knowledge  of  inn-keeping  and  building  the 
most  remarkable  monument  to  the  Mission  Fathers  and  their  labors  in 
California,  embracing  all  that  is  best  and  most  valuable,  not  only  in 
California  but  in  Europe,  Spain  especially,  a  monument  that  will  be 
lasting  and  which  will  perpetuate  a  feature  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Mis- 
sion and  the  unselfish  labors  of  a  past  devotion,  enthusiasm,  self-sacrifice 
( almost  fanaticism )  thas  has  passed  away  and  can  never  return. 

But  the  Mission  Inn  has  another  feature  of  the  missions  that  is 
almost  forgotten.  They  were  the  only  inns  of  California  and  the  traveler 
could  travel  the  whole  length  and  breadth  of  the  land  and  fare  on  the 
best  at  the  missions  without  money  and  without  price.  Almost  the 
Mission  Inn  has  reproduced  the  same  features  ecclesiastically,  for  if  there 
is  ever  a  poor  preacher  traveling  for  his  health  or  otherwise  he  is  always 
welcome  at  the  Mission  Inn  and  it  would  seem  that  the  more  Mr.  Miller 
gives  in  this  way  the  more  he  receives.  And  this  is  not  given  ostenta- 
tiously for  "his  right  hand  knoweth  not  what  his  left  hand  doeth" 
and  it  is  only  incidentally  that  these  things  are  known  at  all.  His  minis- 
trations are  not  confined  to  religious  objects  for  they  are  everywhere 
when  you  come  to  inquire  and  not  confined  to  his  friends  but  to  his 
enemies,  or  detractors  and  the  only  question  is,  are  you  needy,  not  merely 
of  the  necessities  but  do  you  need  sympathy  or  encouragement  ?  Are 
you  unfortunate?  For  instance,  the  writer  was  burned  out  of  house 
and  home  a  few  years  ago,  with  a  sick  wife.  When  Mr.  Miller  heard 
of  it  he  came  out  with  the  message :  "Come  to  the  Mission  Inn  for  ten 
days.  If  your  wife  is  sick  she  can  have  her  meals  in  her  room  and  every 
attention."  Fortunately  a  loving  daughter  had  responded  and  taken  her 
mother  to  her  own  home.  At  a  later  period,  when  that  loving  companion, 
after  fifty-three  years  of  companionship,  passed  over  the  silent  river  and 
the  home  was  solitary  and  silent,  again  the  message  came  sympathetically. 
"I  know  how  you  feel,  I  have  been  through  the  troubled  waters  come 
to  the  Mission  Inn  for  a  time  and  new  scenes  will  renew  and  revive  your 
lonely  and  sad  heart."  The  invitation  was  accepted  and  the  good-will 
and  prayer  beneficial.  Mr.  Miller  is  the  good  Samaritan  to  many  a  down 
and  out  one  who  needs  not  only  assistance  but  encouragement  until  the 
tide  turns  and  employment  elsewhere  turns  up,  and  the  needy  one  goes 
rejoicing  on  his  way.    These  are  the  things  that  make  the  Inn  prosperous 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         675 

and  that  is  the  spirit  tliat  starting  out  without  a  penny,  as  it  were,  has 
drawn  to  itself  a  something  that  niilhons  could  not  create.  Mr.  Miller 
has  well  said,  that  he  does  not  know  just  how  lie  got  the  Mission  Inn. 
It  just  "growed."  It  is  indeed  like  a  fairy  tale  from  out  the  Arabian 
Nights.  Mr.  Miller  got  the  magician's  wand  and  he  waved  it  and  wished 
and  we  have  the  Mission  Inn.  and  the  end  is  not  yet.  "Blessed  are  the 
poor  in  spirit :  for  theirs  is  the  kingdom  of  heaven." 

Mr.  Miller's  benefactions  have  been  so  great  and  helpful  in  making 
Riverside  noted,  not  merely  locally  but  throughout  the  United  States 
and  indeed  through  the  world,  not  only  by  the  Mission  Inn  but  by  making 
Mount  Rubidoux  a  public  shrine  on  Easter  day  and  otherwise.  It  was 
felt  that  on  the  twentieth  anniversary  of  opening  what  is  in  modern  times 
called  the  Mission  Inn,  something  of  a  public  recognition  of  his  personal 
worth  and  public  services  should  be  had.  Accordingly  a  call  was  made 
by  a  few  of  the  leading  citizens  and  pioneers  to  give  emphasis  to  what 
was  in  reality  a  public  sentiment  to  take  the  form  of  an  informal  surprise 
dinner  to  Mr.  Miller,  the  Master  of  the  Inn,  as  he  is  usually  termed. 
Invitations  to  the  extent  of  two  hundred  were  sent  out  to  all  of  the  old 
pioneers  and  others  to  assemble  on  February  3,  1922,  to  do  honor  to  the 
man  and  the  occasion  and  to  present  a  simple  memorial  and  testimonial 
which  took  the  form  of  an  album,  signed  by  all  present  and  an  enlarged 
photograph  taken  of  Mr.  Miller  when  he  was  about  twenty-one.  About 
two  hundred  guests  were  present  and  it  was  a  very  happy  occasion, 
reminding  the  pioneers  that  it  was  probably  the  last  occasion  on  which 
so  many  of  them  would  again  be  present. 

This  surprise  dinner  was  participated  in  not  merely  by  Mr.  Miller's 
friends  but  by  his  detractors  and  opponents  of  the  past  and  was  really 
a  universal  public  tribute. 

My  first  acquaintance  with  Mr.  Miller  was  as  a  pruner  and  budder 
working  for  me  at  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  per  day.  My  next,  when 
I  was  working  on  the  block  on  which  the  Inn  now  stands  putting  the 
preliminary  work  with  my  team  for  his  father,  levelling  and  getting 
ready  for  what  was  to  come,  and  his  son,  Frank,  now  the  Master  of  the 
Inn,  without  his  shoes  treading  clay  to  make  bricks.  More  or  less  I 
have  had  dealings  with  him  ever  since,  but  never  have  I  known  him 
(saying  it  in  common  parlance)  to  "fall  down."  This  from  one  who 
has  known  him  in  all  his  Riverside  career  of  well  on  to  fifty  years. 

Toy  Balloons.  Among  the  industries  of  Riverside  there  is  one  that 
always  brings  pleasure  to  the  boys  and  girls,  and  that  is  the  manufacture 
of  toy  balloons.  While  it  has  not  been  established  much  more  than  two 
years  it  is  in  a  flourishing  condition. 

The  Pacific  Balloon  Company  of  Riverside.  It  was  incorporated 
under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  California  on  November  14,  1919,  with  a 
capital  of  $100,000.  The  company  is  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  toy 
balloons  and  toys  having  balloons  as  a  base  or  part. 

The  factory  which  the  company  erected  at  186  Blaine  Street,  River- 
side, has  10,000  square  feet  of  floor  space,  and  is  capable  of  turning  out 
20.000  balloons  per  day  with  thirty  employes.  This  is  the  only  factorv 
of  its  kind  on  the  Pacific  Coast  and  it  is  building  up  a  large  business  in 
the  territory  west  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

The  officers  of  the  company  are ;  Harold  A.  Dodge,  president  and 
Donald  Fullerton,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

The  customers  of  the  company  are  largely  in  the  ten  cent  stores, 
but  many  large  stores  in  the  cities  draw  a  large  patronage  by  giving 
balloons  on  purchases. 


BIOGRAPHICAL 

James  W.  Waters,  a  noted  hunter,  trapper  and  mountaineer  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  was  born  near  Brainard's  Bridge,  in  Renssellaer 
County,  New  York,  June  20.  1813. 

In  1835  he  started  out,  a  young  man.  with  his  rifle  in  hand,  bound  for 
the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the  great  West  to  begin  his  career  and  fell  in 
with  those  noted  hunters,  trappers  and  guides  of  the  Rocky  Mountains, 
Kit  Carson,  the  Subletts,  Major  Fitzpatrick,  the  Bents,  Bill  Williams, 
John  Brown,  Sr.,  V.  J.  Herring.  Joseph  Bridger,  Alexander  Godey  and 
others,  famous  in  frontier  life  for  deeds  of  valor  with  whom  he  hunted 
and  trapped  from  the  head  waters  of  the  Columbia  and  Yellowstone 
rivers  along  the  mountain  ranges  as  far  south  as  Texas,  through  the 
country  of  the  Arapahoes,  Utes,  Cheyennes,  Sioux,  Blackfeet,  Coman- 
ches.  Crows,  Snakes  and  Apaches  among  whom  he  experienced  many 
thrilling  and  hair-breadth  escapes.  On  one  occasion,  when  he  and  old 
Bill  Williams  were  hunting  on  the  Big  Bottom,  near  the  Rio  Las  Animas 
for  three  days  and  nights  they  were  besieged  by  a  band  of  Apaches.  Mr. 
Waters  was  severely  wounded  by  a  rifle  shot  in  his  side.  He  cut  the 
buttlet  out  on  the  other  side  of  his  body  with  his  butcher  knife;  after 
holding  the  bloody  savages  at  bay  for  three  days  without  food,  he  and 
"Old  Bill"  escaped  by  riding  their  horses  over  a  bluf?  ten  feet  high  and 
traveled  forty  miles  before  camping.  Notwithstanding  Mr.  Waters'  suf- 
fered greatly  from  his  wound,  his  comrade  bolstered  him  up  with  blan- 
kets around  his  saddle.  They  reached  Bents'  Fort  in  five  days'  ride. 
On  another  occasion  over  800  Utes  and  Apaches  surrounded  him,  ^Ir. 
Brown  and  sixteen  other  hunters  who,  by  the  most  daring  bravery, 
repulsed  their  assailants  and  made  their  escape,  losing  three  of  their 
men. 

These  were  among  the  numerous  experiences  of  his  adventurous  life, 
which  he  followed  until  the  year  1844  when  he  came  across  the  plains 
with  a  pack  train  to  Southern  California,  by  way  of  the  Santa  Fe  Trail 
and  the  Cajon  Pass.  At  San  Pedro  he  chartered  a  small  sail  boat  and 
went  down  the  coast  to  Lower  California  and  returned  with  a  cargo  of 
abalone  shells  which  he  packed  on  mules,  returning  the  way  he  came, 
back  across  the  Rockies  2,000  miles  and  exchanged  these  beautiful  she'ls 
with  the  Indians  for  beaver  skins  and  buffalo  robes.  These  he  took  to 
St.  Louis  by  pack  train  and  exchanged  them  so  to  obtain  means  to  pur- 
chase supplies  while  hunting  and  trapping. 

About  this  time  General  Fremont  desired  him  to  act  as  guide  for  his 
expedition  across  the  mountains  to  California.  As  winter  was  approach- 
ing and  the  snow  on  the  mountains  would  most  likely  render  the  passes 
impassable,  Mr.  W'aters  and  his  companions  advised  him  not  to  under- 
take so  perilous  a  journey  at  this  time  of  the  year.  General  Fremont 
did  not  heed  this  advice  of  these  old  mountaineers  so  familiar  with  the 
passes  and  trails,  but  ventured  into  an  unknown  region  where  he  and  his 
company  nearly  all  perished  in  the  deep  snow,  he  barely  escaping  from 
his  own  folly.  Had  he  taken  the  advice  of  the  real  pathfinders  he  would 
not  have  lost  the  lives  of  so  many  of  his  men  nor  suffered  untold  agonies 
in  the  snow  banks  of  the  Rockies. 

676 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         677 

For  some  time  after  the  discovery  of  gold  in  California.  1848-49,  Mr. 
Waters  remained  on  Green  River  exchanging  fresh  horses  for  animals 
that  had  become  exhausted  in  crossing  the  plains.  In  September,  1849, 
he  came  to  California  by  the  Southern  route,  through  the  Cajon  Pass,  to 
avoid  the  snows  of  the  Sierra  Nevadas,  the  most  direct  road  then  to  the 
new  gold  discovery  on  the  American  River,  near  Sutter's  Mill.  .  He 
served  as  guide  for  a  company  of  140  New  Yorkers  on  this  trip. 

He  bought  900  head  of  sheep  from  Victor  Prudonne  and  Col.  Isaac 
^Villiams  and  drove  them  to  the  Merced  River,  where  he  sold  them  for 
$16  a  head.  He  then  purchased  a  herd  of  cattle  and  kept  them  at  the 
Las  Bolsas  ranch. 

At  San  Juan  Mission  he  was  glad  to  meet  his  old  friends,  John  Brown 
and  Alexander  Godey,  and  with  them  opened  the  St.  John's  Hotel  and 
Livery  Stable. 

In  1856  he  came  to  San  Bernardino  and  at  Yucaipa  married  Miss 
Louisa  Margetson,  a  most  estimable  ladv,  who  was  born  in  England 
October  5,  1837,  and  died  at  Old  San  Bernardino  February  28,  1879.  His 
old  Rocky  Mountain  friend,  John  Brown,  being  a  justice  of  the  peace, 
performed  the  marriage  ceremony. 

The  following  year  he  purchased  the  Yucaipa  from  Mr.  Brown  and 
was  a  permanent  resident  of  San  Bernardino  County  from  that  time 
up  to  his  death,  which  occurred  September  20,  1889. 

He  became  the  owner  of  a  portion  of  the  San  Bernardino  Rancho. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  San  Bernardino 
County  during  the  years  1866-67,  1868-69,  1874-75,  1880-81.  From  the 
day  of  his  settlement  in  this  county  he  was  loyal  to  his  interests  and 
exerted  a  wide  influence  in  its  aiifairs  by  his  active  energy  and  public 
spirit.  The  monuments  he  left  behind  to  perpetuate  his  memory  are  the 
large  brick  building  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Third  Street  and  Arrow- 
head Avenue,  the  brick  building  on  Third  Street,  formerly  used  for 
the  Court  House ;  his  fine  residence  on  Second  and  F  streets,  and,  finally, 
the  magnificent  Opera  House  on  D  Street,  in  charge  of  his  daughter, 
Mrs.  Martha  Waters  Kiplinger,  for  many  years.  Mrs.  Nettie  Waters 
Cole  still  survives,  also  his  son,  Frederick.  His  son  James  W.  Waters 
died  some  year  ago. 

Don  Cornelius  Jensen  was  one  of  the  supervisors  of  San  Bernar- 
dino County,  associated  on  the  board  with  James  W.  Waters  and  John 
Garner  during  the  years  1868-69. 

He  was  born  on  the  Island  of  Sylt.  off  the  coast  of  Denmark,  in  1815. 
He  went  to  sea  at  an  early  age,  made  several  trips  around  Cape  Horn, 
visiting  South  American  porfs  and  Mexico  and  was  in  California  as 
early  as  1844.  In  1854  he  opened  a  store  at  Agua  Mansa,  on  the  hill 
ne&r  the  old  church.  He  married  Senorita  Mercedes  Alvarado,  eldest 
daughter  of  Don  Francisco  Alvarado,  one  of  the  prominent  Spanish 
families  of  San  Bernardino  County.  The  priests  were  frequently  enter- 
tained at  their  home  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jenseit.  They  were  highly 
esteemed  by  all  who  knew  them. 

John  Garner  was  a  supervisor  of  San  Bernardino  County  with 
James  W.  Waters  and  Don  Cornelius  Jensen  during  the  years  1868-69. 

In  1850  he  crossed  the  plains  and  arrived  in  San  Bernardino  in  1851. 
He  became  a  successful  farmer  and  one  of  the  highly  esteemed  citizens 
of   San  Bernardino. 


678         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Dr.  Ben  Barton,  an  early  settler  of  San  Bernardino  County,  was 
born  in  South  Carolina  June  8,  1823.  the  son  of  Thomas  Barton,  a 
native  of  the  same  state  and  a  descendant  of  a  colonial  family  which  has 
always  been  prominent,  several  members  having  served  in  the  American 
armies  during  the  Revolution,  and  one  member,  Major  Barton,  being 
famous  for  his  deeds  of  bravery  in  the  cause  of   freedom. 

Doctor  Barton  was  brought  up  on  the  old  family  estate,  which  he 
left  in  1843  to  pursue  his  professional  studies  in  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
After  completing  his  course  in  medicine,  he  practiced  in  Alabama  and  in 
Texas  until  1854,  when  he  came  to  California,  locating  first  at  El  Monte, 
then  went  to  the  northern  part  of  the  state,  but  in  1857  came  to  San 
Bernardino  and  purchased  from  Messrs.  Lyman  and  Rich  the  property 
known  as  the  "Old  San  Bernardino  Mission,"  including  about  1,(XX)  acres 
of  land,  later  adding  many  acres  to  this  princely  domain  which  he  sold 
in  parcels  at  various  times. 

In  1858  he  built  an  adobe  house  at  the  southwest  corner  of  C  and 
Fourth  streets,  in  the  town  of  San  Bernardino  which  he  occupied  as  a  drug 
store,  and  as  the  post  office,  having  been  appointed  postmaster.  The 
following  year  he  disposed  of  this  property,  gave  up  his  practice  of 
medicine  and  devoted  himself  exclusively  to  the  care  of  his  ranch  afTairs. 
In  1866  and  67  he  built  a  large  brick  residence  on  a  commanding  site  of 
his  ranch  and  here  for  many  years  he  enjoyed  his  new  home  extending 
generous  hospitality  to  his  many  friends  from  all  over  California. 

In  1861  and  '62  he  was  elected  to  the  assembly  of  the  state,  and  was 
one  of  the  most  highly  respected  citizens  of  San  Bernardino  County.  He 
bought  property  on  D  Street,  built  a  palatial  residence  on  it,  and  passed 
his  last  days  here  quietly  and  happily  with  his  old  friends,  among  them 
George  Lord,  Judge  John  T.  Knox,  Uncle  Jim  Waters.  He  died  Janu- 
ary 1,  1890. 

Doctor  Barton  was  married  at  Bastrop,  Texas,  to  Miss  Eliza  Brite, 
daughter  of  Henry  Brite  of  Missouri,  one  of  the  most  winsome  daugh- 
ters of  the  South,  and  proved  a  happy  and  faithful  help-meet  to  the 
doctor  all  the  days  of  his  life  and  a  fond  and  confiding  mother,  enduring 
physical  infirmity  with  Christian  patience  and  resignation  for  several 
years,  blest  by  the  devotion  of  a  faithful  daughter,  and  kindness  from 
all  her  kindred,  a  good  neighbor — "None  knew  her  but  to  love  her,  none 
named  her  but  to  praise  her."  Her  saintly  spirit  took  its  flight  to  the 
mansions  above  on  August  7,  1920. 

The  following  children  were  born  to  Doctor  Barton  and  his  wife : 
John  H.  Barton,  born  at  El  Monte,  September,  1855;  Hiram  M.  Bar- 
ton, born  at  San  Gabriel,  December,  1856;  Lelia,  born  in  San  Bernard- 
ino in  1859.  died  in  infancy;  Mary  Barton,  born  at  the  Mission,  1860, 
and  Anne,  born  at  Mission,  1864. 

Horace  C.  Rolfe,  pioneer  jurist,  came  into  the  new  town  of  San 
Bernardino  driving  an  ox  team  in  1851,  made  the  shavings  fly  from  his 
jack  plane  on  the  carpenter's  bench  in  his  carpenter  shop  on  4th  Street 
just  west  of  the  adobe  school  rooms,  helping  to  erect  the  first  houses  in 
San  Bernardino.  He  spent  some  time  mining  in  Nevada  County,  then 
did  some  Indian  campaigning  in   Southern  California. 

In  1858  he  began  the  study  of  law  with  William  Pickett,  then 
recently  established  at  San  Bernardino  with  a  good  law  library.  With 
but  a  common  school  education  he  devoted  his  time  to  hard  study,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  in  1861  was  elected  district  attorney  of  the 
county  for  a  term  of  two  years,  and  re-elected  in  1863  for  another  term. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        679 

In  February,  1872,  he  was  appointed  by  Governor  Booth  judge  of  the 
eighteenth  judicial  district.  In  June,  1878,  he  was  elected  a  delegate  to 
the  Constitutional  Convention  in  which  he  served  with  Hon.  Byron 
Waters  and  R.  S.  Swing,  Esq.  In  1879  Judge  Rolfe  was  elected  Superior 
Judge,  which  office  he  filled  with  distinction  and  honor.  He  was  one  of 
the  most  industrious,  hard-working  members  of  the  bar  and  bench,  and 
became  one  of  the  safest  counselors  in  the  state.  He  was  specially 
attentive  to  the  younger  members  of  the  bar,  and  to  law  students,  who 
cherish  his  memory  with  gratitude,  among  them  being  Byron  Waters, 
John  Brown,  Jr.,  and  Frank  B.  Daley.  He  was  the  author  of  a  historical 
paper  entitled  the  Bench  and  Bar  of  San  Bernardino,  devoted  mostly  to 
the  early  members  of  the  San  Bernardino  bar.  He  was  also  a  contribu- 
tor of  historical  incidents  in  California  to  the  San  Bernardino  Society 
of  California  Pioneers.  He  was  always  active  in  all  measures  calculated 
to  promote  the  welfare  and  progress  of  the  city  in  which  he  spent  most 
of  his  life  and  in  which  he  lies  buried.  His  brother,  Samuel  Rolfe,  was 
one  who  held  the  chain  when  H.  G.  Sherwood  and  Fred  T.  Ferris  sur- 
veyed the  Town  of  San  Bernardino  in  acre  lots,  and  eight-acre  blocks 
in  1853.  The  Rolfe  family  were  useful  and  important  pioneers  at  the 
organization  and  development  of  the  County  of   San  Bernardino. 

Don  Pablo  Belarde,  pioneer  Indian  fighter  and  trail  blazer,  was 
born  near  Abiquiu,  New  Mexico,  in  1832,  came  to  California  with  a 
lompany  of  New  Mexican  colonists  when  he  was  eleven  years.  He  fol- 
lowed blazing  the  Santa  Fe  Trail  his  father,  Baltazar  Belarde,  and  large 
company  had  traversed  the  year  before,  crossing  the  Colorado  River  near 
what  was  afterwards  known  as  Fort  Mohave,  now  near  Needles,  contin- 
uing westward  across  the  deserts,  then  up  the  Mohave  River  and  down 
into  Cajon  Pass,  where  he  remembers  seeing  a  Pahute  Indian  rancheria 
ju.st  south  of  where  the  San  Bernardino  Society  of  California  Pioneers 
built  their  first  monument  to  designate  the  junction  of  the  Santa  Fe 
and  Salt  Lake  trails,  and  afterwards  for  the  same  purpose  erected 
another  monument  north  of  this  one,  near  the  mouth  of  the  narrow  can- 
yon through  which  the  noted  Rocky  Mountaineer,  John  Brown.  Sr., 
built  a  toll  road  in  1861,  and  near  where  Camp  Cajon  is  now  located. 

Don  Pablo  settled  on  the  frontier  of  the  Bandini  donation  to  these 
New  Mexican  colonists,  so  that  they  would  fight  the  Indians  committing 
depredations  and  thus  protect  the  ranches  all  below  them,  which  they 
did  successfully  and  insured  the  safety  and  progress  of  the  people  living 
on  the  frontier  of  that  remote  period.  All  honor  to  such  brave  adven- 
turers. He  still  lives  (1922)  at  Colton  with  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Martinez, 
though  quite  feeble  in  his  ninetieth  year,  the  last  survivor  of  those  heroic 
New  Mexican  colonists  of  1842  and  1843.  who  blazed  the  trails  and 
drove  the  wild  Indians  back  to  the  deserts  where  they  came  from  so 
that  Christian  civilization  could  prosper. 

On  Sunday.  January  15.  1922.  a  committee  from  the  Pioneer  Society, 
Amos  Bemis,  Charley  Mecham  and  John  Brown.  Jr..  called  on  this  ven- 
erable patriarch  for  some  historical  information.  Although  he  was  in 
bed,  he  was  pleased  to  see  his  old  friends  and  in  the  brief  visit  he  con- 
versed freely  of  olden  times,  going  back  to  his  trip  to  San  Bernardino  on 
horseback  when  quite  a  boy;  then  the  Pahute  Indian  Village  in  Cajon 
Pass;  the  encounters  had  with  them  later  in  protecting  the  frontier;  he 
remembers  Politana  where  the  mission  Fathers  had  erected  a  "Capilla," 
or  chapel  for  worship  with  a  bell  in  front ;  a  large  Indian  \'illage  of 
Mission  Indians,  "Coaliuillas."  was  along  the  ridge  known  as  "Politana." 


680         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

At  the  west  base  of  the  hill  where  Byron  Waters  now  lives,  known  as 
Bunker  Hill,  there  was  an  adobe  house  in  which  Vicente  Lugo  lived,  the 
youngest  son  of  Don  Antonio  Maria  Lugo,  father  of  the  Lugo  boys  who 
owned  the  San  Bernardino  Rancho,  and  sold  it  to  Amasa  Lyman  and 
Charles  C.  Rich,  pioneer  colonists  of  1851. 

Don  Pablo  visited  Vicente  Lugo  and  the  rest  of  the  Lugo  family,  all 
anxious  to  repel  the  incursions  of  the  desert  Indians  from  the  North  who 
wanted  fresh  ponies  and  fat  beef. 

I  remember  the  great  feast  and  barbecue  our  good  friend  James  W. 
Waters  gave  us  at  Politana  in  the  year  1844.  He  invited  all  the  New 
Mexican  colonists,  all  the  owners  of  ranches  and  the  old  chief  of  the 
Coahuilla  Mission  Indians,  the  big  president,  Juan  Antonio,  who  came 
with  his  interpreters  and  body  guard  and  all  together  enjoyed  a  council, 
smoked  the  pipe  of  peace,  and  established  a  lasting  peace  and  friendship 
resolved  by  such  a  union  to  resist  any  assaults  that  might  be  made  by 
tlie  hostile  Pahutes  of  the  North.  Seiior  Waters,  muy  biicii  hombr'c, 
said  Don  Pablo  in  his  bed  ;  translated,  "Mr.  \\'aters  very  good  man." 
Just  the  kind  of  a  visitor  to  unite  them  all  for  their  welfare  under  those 
exciting,  dangerous  frontier  conditions. 

Don  Pablo  further  stated  that  he  knew  Cristobal  Slover  very  well ; 
was  a  neighbor  of  his  where  they  lived  with  the  New  Mexican  colonists 
just  south  of  Slover  Mountain  in  Agua  Mansa  ;  this  mountain  took  its 
name  from  him ;  he  was  buried  at  its  southern  base,  but  no  mark  is 
there  to  show  his  grave.  He  killed  the  bear  and  the  bear  killed  him  was 
the  brief  summary  of  the  last  bear  hunt  this  Rocky  Mountain  hunter 
and  trapper  was  in  ;  he  wounded  the  grizzly,  then  followed  him  into  a 
dense  brush  thicket  where  the  bear  got  him. 

Don  Pablo  was  quite  reminiscent  on  this  visit  of  the  pioneer  com- 
mittee and  recalled  the  name  of  the  Indian  sub-chief,  Solano,  whose  vil- 
lage was  at  what  is  now  known  as  Harlem  Springs,  near  Highland. 
Here  he  held  sway  under  the  big  chief,  Juan  Antonio,  a  dignified  natural 
born  ruler,  whose  word  was  law  and  was  obeyed  by  all  the  Indians  in  the 
San  Bernardino  and  Yucaipa  valleys. 

On  the  committee  withdrawing  from  this  historical  and  impressive 
interview,  this  venerable  patriarch  thanked  them  for  this  pleasant  visit, 
extended  his  hand  to  them  from  his  bed,  and  invited  them  to  come  again. 

Noel  Davenport,  pioneer  of  Colton,  was  born  in  Mobile  Alabama, 
December  19,  1847.  the  son  of  Gorham  Davenport,  a  merchant  of  that 
city  and  member  of  an  old  Maine  family.  Noel  was  educated  at  St. 
Joseph  College,  near  Mobile,  and  left  school  to  enter  the  Confederate 
army.  In  1868  he  landed  at  San  Francisco  and  for  the  first  year  acted 
as  an  accountant  for  the  wholesale  firm  of  Sanderson  &  Horn.  In  1869 
he  went  to  San  Diego,  where  he  was  engaged  in  business.  He  aided  in 
the  survey  of  the  San  Diego  and  San  Bernardino  Railway  made  in  1870 
and  later  became  interested  in  the  Ivanpah  and  Panamtnt  mines.  In 
1876  he  located  in  Colton  and  entered  the  firm  of  Hathaway  &  Daven- 
port, the  first  general  store  in  the  Town  of  Colton,  and  lived  to  see  the 
town  grow  into  a  flourishing  city  known  familiarly  as  "The  Hub."  For 
many  years  he  served  the  city  most  efficiently  as  its  city  clerk. 

On  December  25,  1874,  in  the  Catholic  Church  at  San  Bernardino, 
he  married  Miss  Svlvia  Brown,  daughter  of  the  renowned  Rocky  Moun- 
taineer, John  Brown,  Sr. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davenport  entertained  at  their  hospitable  Iionie  in  Col- 
ton the  ,San  Bernardino  Society  of  California  Pioneers  on  different  occa- 
sions.    The  latch  siring  of  their  home  was  always  out  for  their  friends. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        681 

They  were  exceedingly  proud  of  Colton  when  Mr.  Fleming,  president  of 
the  cement  works  gave  a  barbecue  to  over  three  thousand  people,  all 
peated  at  the  table  at  the  same  time.  That  surely  was  some  California 
hospitality,  breaking  all  records.  Then  the  Star  Spangled  Baimer  flying 
on  a  flag  pole  on  the  highest  point  of  Slover  Mountain  is  another  tri- 
umph for  Mr.  Fleming  worth  recording,  inspiring  Colton  and  all  behold- 
ers with  100  per  cent  Americanism,  and  keeping  Colton  at  the  front. 

Cristobal  Slover,  the  noted  hunter  and  trapper  of  the  Rocky  Moun- 
tains, settled  with  his  wife  Dona  Barbarita,  at  the  south  end  of  what  is 
now  known  as  Slover  Mountain,  near  Colton,  San  Bernardino  County, 
about  the  year  1842.  He  belonged  to  that  class  of  adventurous  pioneers 
who  piloted  the  way  blazing  the  trails,  meeting  the  Indian,  the  grizzly, 
the  swollen  rivers,  the  vast  deserts  and  precipitous  mountains,  all  kinds 
of  trials,  privations  and  dangers  in  opening  the  way  for  others  to  follow 
and  establish  on  these  Western  shores  a  civilization  the  nation  can  be 
proud  of. 

In  the  book  entitled  "Medium  of  the  Koekies,"  written  by  his  old 
Rocky  Mountain  companion,  John  Brown,  Sr..  may  be  found  a  brief 
and  interesting  historical  reference  to  Mr.  Slover  in  the  simple  and  exact 
words  of  the  author  which  are  here  given :  "A  party  of  fur  trappers, 
of  whom  I  was  one,  erected  a  fort  on  the  Arkansas  River  in  Colorado, 
for  protection  and  as  headquarters  during  the  winter  season.  We  called 
it  'Pueblo.'  The  City  of  Pueblo  now  stands  upon  that  ground.  Into  this 
fort  Cristobal  Slover  came  one  day  with  two  mules  loaded  with  beaver 
skins.  He  was  engaged  to  help  me  supply  the  camp  with  game,  and  dur- 
ing the  winter  we  hunted  together,  killing  bufifalo,  elk,  antelope  and  deer, 
and  found  him  a  reliable  and  experienced  hunter.  He  was  a  quiet, 
peaceable  man,  very  reserved.  He  would  heed  no  warning  and  accept 
no  advice  as  to  his  methods  of  hunting.  His  great  ambition  was  to  kill 
grizzlies — he  called  them  'Cabibs.'  He  would  leave  our  camp  and  be 
gone  for  weeks  at  a  time  without  any  one  knowing  his  whereabouts,  and 
at  last  he  did  not  return  at  all,  and  I  lost  sight  of  him  for  several  years. 

"When  I  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1852  I  heard  of  a  man  named 
Slover  about  six  miles  southwest  from  San  Bernardino,  at  the  south 
base  of  the  mountain  that  now  bears  his  name,  so  I  went  down  to  satisfy 
my  mind  who  this  Slover  was  and  to  my  great  surprise  here  I  again  met 
my  old  Rocky  Mountain  hunter,  Cristobal  Slover,  and  his  faithful  wife. 
Dona  Barbarita.  We  visited  one  another  often  and  talked  about  our 
experiences  at  Fort  Pueblo,  and  of  our  other  companions  there  James 
W.  Waters,  V.  J.  Herring,  Alex.  Qodey,  Kit  Carson.  Bill  Williams, 
Fitzpatrick,  Bridger,  Bill  Bent,  the  Subletts  and  others,  and  where  they 
had  gone,  and  what  had  become  of  them. 

"Mr.  Slover's  head  was  now  white,  but  his  heart  was  full  of  affection. 
He  took  my  family  to  his  home  and  made  us  all  welcome  to  what  he  had. 
His  wife  and  mine  became  as  intimate  as  two  sisters,  and  frequently 
came  to  visit  us. 

"He  never  forgot  his  chief  enjoyment  in  pursuing  the  grizzly  ;  when 
no  one  else  would  go  hunting  with  him  he  would  go  alone  into  the  moun- 
tains, ahhough  his  friends  warned  him  of  the  danger. 

"One  day  he  went  with  his  companion.  Bill  McMines,  up  the  left 
fork  of  the  Cajon  Pass  almost  to  the  summit  where  he  came  across  a 
large  grizzly  and  Slover  fired  at  close  range.  The  bear  fell  but  soon  rose 
and  crawled  away  and  laid  down  in  some  oak  brush.  Slover  after 
re-loading  his  rifle  began  approaching  the  monster  in  spite  of  the  objec- 
tion   of    MclNIines.      .\s    the    did    experienced    bear    hunter    reached    the 


682         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

brush  the  bear  gave  a  sudden  spring  and  fell  on  Mr.  Slover,  tearing 
him  almost  to  pieces.  That  ended  his  bear  hunting.  Frequently  the  most 
expert  hunters  take  too  many  chances,  as  was  the  case  this  time. 
McMines  came  down  the  mountain  and  told  the  tale,  and  a  party  went 
back  and  cautiously  approached  the  spot ;  found  the  bear  dead,  but  Slover 
still  breathing  but  insensible.  He  was  brought  down  to  Sycamore  Grove 
on  a  rude  litter  and  there  died.  The  scalp  was  torn  from  his  head,  his 
legs  and  one  arm  broken,  the  whole  body  bruised  and  torn.  He  was 
taken  to  his  home  and  buried  between  his  adobe  house  and  the  mountain ; 
the  spot  was  not  marked,  or  if  so  has  rotted  awav  so  that  I  have  been 
unable  to  locate  the  grave  after  searching  for  it,  so  to  place  a  stone  to 
mark  the  resting  place  of  my  old  Rocky  Mountain  associate,  Cristobal 
Slover,  as  I  have  brought  from  Cajon  Pass  a  granite  rock  and  placed  it 
at  the  grave  of  my  other  companion,  V.  J.  Herring,  more  familiarly 
known  as  "Uncle  Rube."  My  other  Rocky  Mountain  companion,  James 
W.  Waters,  more  familiarly  known  as  "Uncle  Jim,"  has  also  passed  on 
ahead  of  me  and  has  a  fine  monument  to  mark  his  resting  place  adjom- 
ing  my  family  lot,  where  I  hope  to  be  placed  near  him  when  I  am  called 
from  earth,  both  of  us  near  our  kindred  for  whom  we  labored  many 
years  on  earth." 

Don  Ygnacio  Reyes,  last  survivor  of  the  "Vaqueros."  or  cowboys, 
of  the  Lugo  family,  was  born  in  Los  Angeles,  California,  on  July  1, 
1816,  and  died  at  his  ranch  near  the  mouth  of  Reche  Canyon,  about 
eight  miles  south  of  the  City  of  San  Bernardino,  December  16,  1914. 
having  passed  his  ninety-eighth  anniversary,  most  of  his  life  having  been 
spent  in  the  saddle  as  one  of  the  most  experienced  and  skillful  horsemen 
in  all  California. 

His  father,  Antonio,  was  the  first  Catholic  child  born  in  Monterey ; 
his  mother,  Clara  Cota.  was  from  Santa  Barbara,  the  family  being  well 
known  to  Don  Pio  Pico,  the  governor  of  Alta  California  in  those  days. 
He  was  "major  domo"  for  the  Lugo  family  in  driving  their  vast  herds  of 
cattle  from  Los  Angeles  County  to  the  newly  acquired  San  Bernardino 
rancho.  He  loved  to  relate  how  he  and  his  vaquero  companions,  all 
expert  riders,  would  enjoy  themselves  lassooing  grizzly  bears  at  the 
base  of  the  mountains  north  of  San  Bernardino  and  around  Little  Moun- 
tain, where  the  bear  had  come  down  to  feast  on  the  wild  plums  so 
plentiful  then.  The  grizzly  would  be  lassoed  by  the  feet,  four  or  five 
lariats  would  secure  all  his  feet.  When  fastened  tightly  and  safely  on 
the  ground,  the  venturesome  riders  would  turn  old  bruin  over  on  one 
side,  then  on  the  other,  until  weai'y  with  such  sport,  would  mount  their 
horses  and  release  the  grizzly,  glad  to  gallop  ofif  to  the  mountains. 

Don  Ygnacio  related  a  queer  story  as  to  how  Devil  Canyon,  near  by 
on  the  west,  derived  its  name.  While  sporting  with  the  grizzlies,  as 
stated,  a  mysterious  woman  on  a  cream-colored  horse  came  from  that 
canyon  to  enjoy  the  sport;  she  appeared  so  often  that  they  wished  to 
know  something  of  her,  and  rode  with  his  vaqueros  towards  her,  when 
she  retreated  and  increased  her  speed  on  her  fleet  horse  as  they 
approached,  going  towards  this  canyon.  She  disappeared,  vanished,  and 
with  diligent  search  could  not  be  found,  so  Don  Ygnacio  and  his  vaqueros 
concluded  that  his  satanic  majesty  had  something  to  do  with  this  mysteri- 
ous disappearance  and  called  the  canyon  "Devil  Canyon,"  which  name 
it  has  borne  to  the  present  day.  Daniel  Sexton,  the  veteran  pioneer, 
gives  his  version  of  the  way  this  noted  canyon  derived  its  name,  which 
may  be  found  in  his  sketch. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        683 

Senor  Reyes  had  several  encounters  with  the  Pahute  Indians,  who 
came  from  the  northern  deserts  to  steal  horses  and  cattle.  He  states  that 
fifteen  of  the  redskins  were  killed  by  the  ranch  men  near  where  San 
Bernardino  was  afterwards  located.  He  owned  an  interest  in  the  Mus- 
cupiabe  Ranch,  granted  originally  to  Michel  White,  1843,  at  the  mouth 
of  Cajon  Pass,  so  that  he  would  assist  in  preventing  the  Indians  from 
committing  further  depredations.  This  barrier  was  of  some  help,  but  the 
noted  old  bandit.  Chief  Walker,  continued  his  depredations,  driving  the 
Lugo  stock  up  the  west  ridge  of  Devil  Canyon.  His  trail  may  be  seen 
on  the  mountain  side  to  this  day. 

In  1851  Don  Ygnacio  drove  the  cattle  and  horses  back  to  Los  Angeles 
County,  as  the  Lugo  family  had  sold  the  San  Bernardino  rancho  to 
Lyman,  Rich  and  Hanks,  the  pioneer  colonists.  No  more  picturesque 
character  of  the  early  days  of  pastoral  California  lived  in  Southern 
California.  On  May  16,  1906,  when  ninety  years  of  age,  he  entered 
the  law  office  of  Hon.  Byron  Waters  in  San  Bernardino  to  pay  his 
respects  to  his  old  friend,  having  his  lariat,  spurs  and  bridle  lying  on  the 
floor  beside  him.  and  presented  a  picture  which  even  a  Bierstadt  would 
yearn  to  paint.  He  felt  like  a  school  boy  just  granted  a  holiday  on  his 
way  with  his  old  friend  and  chaperon,  John  Brown,  Jr.,  to  his  birthplace, 
Los  Angeles,  to  lead  the  municipal  parade  in  a  feast  and  barbecue,  where 
he  was  accorded  ovation  after  ovation,  the  recipient  of  such  honors  not 
excelled  by  those  given  to  Generals  Sheridan  or  Custer. 

Daniel  Sexton,  pioneer  of  1841,  states  that  he  was  born  in  Louisi- 
ana, March  24,  1818,  arrived  at  Old  San  Bernardino  in  December,  1841. 
The  Indians  at  that  time  had  full  and  entire  possession  of  all  the  coimtry. 
He  hired  a  number  of  Indians  to  cut  and  saw  timber  in  the  San  Gorgonio 
Pass,  just  north  of  Doctor  Edgar's  ranch,  which  was  located  in  1876. 
He  furnished  lumber  to  Col.  Isaac  Williams  at  Chino  and  to  others.  H^. 
paid  the  Indians  25  cents  per  day  for  labor.  Horses  and  cattle  could  be 
bought  for  50  cents  each.  One  hide  was  worth  two  living  animals.  He 
acquired  great  influence  over  them  and  could  have  raised  five  hundred 
warriors  in  a  few  hours.  In  1842  the  Indians  asked  me.  he  says,  if  the 
Americans  had  any  feast  days.  I  told  them  they  had  and  I  made  an 
American  flag  and  hoisted  it  over  the  camp  north  of  San  Gorgonio  Pass 
and  with  the  Indians  celebrated  the  Fourth  of  July,  1842. 

During  this  year  the  Lugos  came  in  with  their  cattle  and  horses  to 
stock  their  new  ranch,  which  had  been  granted  them  by  the  Mexican 
governor.  There  were  already  3,000  or  4,000  horses  on  this  plain.  I 
have  seen  hundreds  of  them  in  a  drove  going  down  to  water  at  the  river 
near  Riverside.  At  Old  San  Bernardino  Mission  the  Indians  cultivated 
much  land  and  raised  large  crops  of  corn,  beans  and  potatoes.  Mill 
Creek  Zanja  was  then  in  good  condition,  kept  so  by  the  Indians  under  the 
supervision  of  the  mission  fathers.  The  Indian,  Solano,  who  laid  off  this 
ditch  in  1822,  died  at  my  house,  he  states,  in  1858.  He  told  me  about 
the  Temescal  tin  mines.  I  married  his  niece  in  1847.  In  1852  I  built  a 
saw  mill  near  the  foot  of  Mount  San  Bernardino,  in  Mill  Creek  Canyon. 
This  is  how  Mill  Creek  got  its  name.  I  have  been  asked  frequently  how 
Devil  Canyon  got  its  scary  name.     I  will  tell  it  now. 

I  was  working  for  Colonel  Williams  at  the  Chino  ranch.  He 
stated  to  me  one  day  that  he  was  getting  tired  of  eating  meat  and  con- 
cluded he  would  have  some  vegetables,  so  he  sent  me  and  two  of  his 
favorite  Indians  to  the  low  gap  in  the  San  Bernardino 
Mountains,  about  twenty  miles  to  the  northeast,  to  spy  out 
a  road  to  the  top  where  the  timber  was,  so  he  could  build  a  road  there 


684        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES' 

down  which  he  would  bring  fencing  material  for  his  vegetable  garden,  as 
the  cattle  roamed  at  will  in  all  directions.  Daniel  went  with  his  two 
companions,  taking  provisions  for  a  two  days'  trip.  He  had  not  gone 
far  up  the  canyon  when  a  rattlesnake  bit  one  of  the  Indians,  who  died 
soon  after.  Continuing  his  way  up  the  canyon,  we  reached  the  top, 
found  a  feasible  route  and  grade  for  the  proposed  new  road,  he  return- 
ing down  the  canyon,  the  second  Indian  being  bitten  by  another  rattler. 
As  the  Indian  jumped,  but  too  late,  the  venomous  reptile  had  inserted 
his  fang.  This  Indian  had  exclaimed,  "El  Diablo" — the  first  direful 
exclamation  that  came  to  his  lips,  "The  Devil."  Mr.  Sexton  heard  this 
shriek,  went  to  the  Indian,  but  having  no  preventive  application  or 
antidote  this  second  Indian  soon  became  the  victim  of  the  poison.  On 
reaching  home  Colonel  Williams  at  once  inquired  for  his  two  Indians. 
When  Mr.  Sexton  informed  him  he  was  very  sorrowful  and  asked  if  the 
Indians  said  anything  before  dying.  Yes.  Mr.  Sexton  said,  the  second 
one  exclaimed  as  he  was  bitten,  "El  Diablo" — the  devil — so  that  canyon 
took  its  name  Devil  Canyon  and  has  borne  it  ever  since. 

Uncle  Joseph  Hancock,  the  veteran  patriarch  of  the  pioneers,  was 
born  on  the  banks  of  Euclid  Creek,  near  Cleveland,  Ohio,  May  7,  1822. 
where  he  lived  until  his  thirteenth  year,  when  his  parents  moved  to 
Clay  County,  Missouri,  where  his  mother  died.  He  lived  in  Quincy. 
Illinois,  and  came  to  Iowa,  where  he  became  acquainted  with  Miss  Nancy 
Hunt,  who  afterwards  married  the  well-known  and  highly  esteemed 
pioneer.  Edward  Daley.  At  Council  Blufifs,  Jo.seph  Hancock  married 
Nancy  A.  Bemis,  August  31,  1848,  and  crossed  the  plains  to  Utah,  where 
they  arrived  in  1851,  and  started  for  California  in  1854,  arriving  that 
spring  in  San  Bernardino,  settling  in  the  western  portion  of  the  town, 
where  he  has  continued  to  live  to  the  present  time  (February.  1922) 
as  one  of  the  successful  farmers  among  a  neighborhood  of  industrious 
tillers  of  the  soil.  Uncle  Joseph  Hancock  is  a  descendant  of  patriotic 
and  revolutionary  ancestry.  His  grandfather.  Henry  Hancock,  a  shoe- 
maker by  trade,  was  the  brother  of  the  immortal  John  Hancock,  first 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  adopted  by  Congress  Julv  4, 
1776,  which  honorable  distinction  Uncle  Joe  has  lived  and  borne  with 
becoming  modesty.  In  celebrating  Independence  Day  in  the  early  days 
of  San  Bernardino  he  was  leading  member  of  the  band  to  furnish  music 
for  the  occasion  on  his  fife,  with  Mother  Highmore  on  the  bass  drum 
and  Ben  Van  Leuven.  with  his  two  fingers  in  his  mouth,  whistling  ener- 
getically "Yankee  Doodle,"  "Hail  Columbia,"  "America,"  "Star  Spangled 
Banner,"  "Red,  White  and  Blue,"  and  other  revolutionary  and  patriotic 
airs,  always  receiving  vigorous  hand  clapping  and  generous  applause 
from  the  enthusiastic  Americans,  not  alone  for  the  trio  of  musicians 
but  for  the  thrilling  sentiments  aroused  by  the  musical  selections,  after 
discoursing  their  music  from  the  top  of  a  wagon  box,  called  a  "prairie 
schooner"  in  those  days,  used  as  a  platform. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Pioneer  Society  in  San  Bernardino  when  Uncle 
Joe  was  ninety-six  years  of  age.  he  gave  the  very  interesting  history 
of  Mount  Vernon  School  District,  in  which  he  lived  and  raised  his 
family.  He  stated  that  he  was  one  of  the  school  trustees  of  that  district 
with  John  Garner  and  Joseph  Thorn,  and  traded  the  lot  and  the  small 
adobe  building  thereon,  one  room  used  for  the  first  school,  for  the  large 
lot  on  which  was  built  a  larger  school  room,  used  for  many  years,  and 
then  increased  in  size  to  acconmiodate  the  children  of  the  growing  dis- 
trict, giving  the  name  "Mount  Vernon"  to  this  school  in  honor  of  the 
home  and  burial  place  of  Washington. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        685 

On  May  7,  1921,  occurred  a  memorable  family  reunion  at  the  home 
of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Lucina  Hancock  Lord,  1073  Mount  Vernon 
Avenue,  on  the  occasion  of  Uncle  Joseph  Hancock  reaching  his  ninety- 
ninth  birthday.  Mrs.  Lord's  sister,  Mrs.  Jerusha  Hancock  Tyler,  fur- 
nished the  large  cake,  14  by  16  inches  in  dimension,  on  which  ninety-nine 
candles  were  lighted,  illuminating  the  face  of  this  venerable  patriarch,  and 
all  those  around  the  table  betokening  the  bright  past  and  promising  future. 
By  his  side  sat  is  great-great-granddaughter,  i\Iiss  Lois  Boesch  (just  cele- 
brated her  fifth  anniversary),  who  put  her  arms  around  grandpa's  neck 
and  kissed  him  to  show  the  love  of  the  fourth  generation  and  of  every 
generation.  His  heart  was  made  glad.  He  thanked  everybody,  sang 
rongs,  played  on  his  old  fife,  told  stories  of  the  long  ago.  His  eyesight 
is  good,  uses  no  spectacles,  hearing  a  little  defective,  uses  a  cane  and 
crutch  around  the  house  a  little,  but  likes  to  ride  out  in  the  open  air  in 
his  buggy  and  take  his  old  friends  for  a  little  ride.  In  the  morning  he 
uses  weak  coffee,  no  tobacco,  no  liquor,  but  does  like  apple  pie,  and  says 
he  hopes  to  see  one  hundred  years,  which  he  is  likely  to  do  at  this  writing 
(February  22,  1922),  being  in  his  usual  health,  occupying  himself  around 
the  house  and  yard.  He  was  smoothing  and  fitting  a  new  handle  in  his 
ax,  which  he  had  broken  splitting  wood  recently.  He  does  not  worry 
and  has  a  kind  word  for  everybody. 

He  loves  to  sing  and  talk  of  oiden  times.  From  a  journal  kept  by 
him  he  sang  several  verses  on  this,  his  ninety-ninth  anniversary,  of  a 
song  composed  by  Thomas  and  Amy  Ward  Hancock,  put  in  verse  by 
Levi  Hancock  and  sung  by  Solomon  Hancock  and  his  two  sons,  Joseph 
and  Charles,  July  4,  1837,  while  standing  on  the  cornerstone  of  the 
intended  meeting  place  in  Caldwell  County,  Missouri,  now  (1922) 
eighty-five  years  ago,  the  first  and  ninth  verses  being: 

"Come,  lovers  of  freedom,  and  gather 

And  hear  what  we  have  to  say, 
For   surely   we.  ought   to   remember 

The  cause  which  produced  this  great  day; 
O,  may  we  remember  while  singing 

The  pains  and  distresses  once  borne 
By  those  who  have  fought  for  our  freedom. 

And  oft  times  for  friends  called  to  mourn. 

"Go  celebrate  this  birthday  of  freedom, 

Be  sure  and  don't  let  it  be  lost. 
Remember  the  toils  of  your  fathers 

And  also  the  blood  it  has  cost ; 
Yes,  daughters,  you,  too,  love  your  freedom. 

You,  too,  love  your  country  most  dear. 
You  love  well  your  own  independence 

Your  forefathers  gained  for  you  here." 

At  the  meeting  in  the  log  cabin  in  Pioneer  Park,  May  6,  1916,  Wil- 
ford  A.  Boren  being  president  of  the  Pioneer  Society,  selected  Uncle 
Joe  Hancock  and  Aunt  Nancy  Daley  as  his  right  and  left  supporters  and 
places  of  honor.  When  Aunt  Nancy  moved  that  best  congratulations 
be  extended  to  Uncle  Joseph  Hancock  on  his  ninety-fourth  birthday,  with 
whom  she  had  been  acquainted  for  the  past  eighty-two  years,  away  back 
in  Iowa  when  she  was  only  seven  years  old  when  he  came  to  her  father's 
house  one  evening  shouting,  "Wolf !  Wolf !  Come  out  with  your  gun 
and  shoot  the  wolf!"  causing  an  excitement  she  never  forgot,  adding 


686        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

that  Uncle  Joe  was  the  soul  of  honor  in  all  his  dealings  with  his  fellow 
man.  A  vote  of  greetings  and  congratulations  was  extended  to  Aunt 
Nancy  for  the  blessing  she  has  been  to  San  Bernardino  ever  since  she 
arrived  in  June,  1851,  the  pioneers  being  highly  honored  by  the  presence 
of  these  two  most  worthy  members. 

Grandfather  Hancock  is  filled  with  patriotic  pride  to  realize  that 
seven  of  his  grandsons  responded  to  their  country's  call  in  the  late  World 
war,  but  very  few  can  surpass  this  record,  those  brave  .'\merican  boys 
being  James  Hancock,  Clyde  Hancock,  Earl  Hancock,  Beauford  Han- 
cock, Solomon  Hancock,  Philip  Hancock  and  Don  Charles  Joseph  Tyler. 

Uncle  Joseph  Hancock,  who  married  Nancy  Augusta  Bemis,  August 
31,  1848,  had  seven  children — four  boys  and  three  girls — born  to  them: 

Alvin  Hancock,  born  in  Council  Bluflfs,  Iowa,  January  13,  1850. 

Elnorah  Hancock,  born  in  Council  Blufifs,  Iowa,  March  19,  1851. 

Solomon  Hancock,  born  in  Great  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  November  11,  1852. 

Jerusha  Hancock,  born  in  San  Bernardino,  California,  August  30, 
1854. 

Lucina  Hancock,  born  in  San  Bernardino,  California,  April  29,  1856. 

Foster  Hancock,  born  in  San  Bernardino,  California,  October  21, 
1857. 

Joseph  Nephi  Hancock,  born  in  San  Bernardino,  California,  Novem- 
ber 25,  1866. 

Uncle  Joseph's  father  was  named  Solomon  Hancock,  and  his  mother's 
name  was  Alta  Adams  Hancock.  His  wife,  Nancy  Augusta  Bemis,  was 
born  in  the  Town  of  Eliceburg,  Jefferson  County,  State  of  New  York. 

Henry  Goodcell,  Sr.,  pioneer  farmer  and  builder,  son  of  Thomas 
Goodcell,  was  born  September  26,  1823,  at  Nonington,  a  county  parish 
about  ten  miles  north  of  Dover,  England.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  he 
was  apprenticed  to  a  sea  captain  and  the  two  years  following  served  as  a 
seaman  before  the  mast  and  the  next  six  as  mate  of  the  vessel  on  which 
he  had  served  as  an  apprentice.  His  experience  and  knowledge  of  navi- 
gation was  of  use  to  him  all  through  life.  In  1853  he  crossed  the  Atlantic 
and  the  American  continent  to  Utah,  where  he  remained  till  the  spring 
of  1857,  when  he  started  with  a  train  of  ten  wagons  for  California.  On 
the  way  they  stopped  for  a  few  days'  rest  at  Mountain  Meadows  to 
recruit  their  stock,  the  last  train  that  encamped  on  that  ill-fated  spot 
prior  to  the  frightful  massacre.  Mr.  Goodcell  drove  into  San  Bernardino 
in  May,  1857,  and  became  a  permanent  resident  until  his  death.  He 
purchased  land  and  planted  an  orchard  and  vineyard  and  became  one 
of  the  successful  farmers  of   San  Bernardino. 

In  1867  he  established  a  brick  yard  and  for  many  years  furnished 
the  brick  for  many  of  the  business  blocks  and  residences  serving  as 
monuments  to  his  memory  for  activity  and  perseverance  in  building  up 
the  city  of  his  choice. 

Mr.  Goodcell  married  Miss  Harriet  Birch  in  1847.  His  eldest  son, 
Henry  Goodcell,  Jr.,  always  of  a  studious  disposition,  became  one  of 
the  prominent  school  teachers  of  the  county,  then  served  as  county 
school  superintendent,  following  the  term  of  his  old  schoolmate,  John 
Brown,  Jr.  He  has  the  honor  of  being  the  first  San  Bernardino  graduate 
of  the  State  Normal  School.  By  close  application  he  qualified  himself 
for  the  legal  profession  and  at  once  gained  and  has  retained  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  one  of  the  leading  members  of  the  San  Bernardino  Bar. 
His  son,  Rex  B.  Goodcell,  is  following  in  the  footsteps  of  his  father, 
demonstrating  his  love  for  the  science  of  jurisprudence. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        687 

Mr.  Goodcell,  St..  was  an  honored  member  of  the  Pioneer  Society 
and  frequently  attended  and  participated  in  the  meetings  with  his  old 
friends.  His  wife  died  in  San  Bernardino  in  November,  1885,  and  he 
passed  away  March  11,  1902,  aged  seventy-nine  years,  honored  and 
beloved  by  all  who  knew  him. 

Mrs.  Mary  Bennett  Goodcell,  beloved  wife  of  Henry  Goodcell,  Jr., 
was  one  of  the  leading  women  of  San  Bernardino,  promoting  the  wel- 
fare of  the  city  in  various  activities  as  public  school  teacher,  in  Teachers' 
Institutes,  at  the  Woman's  Club,  at  numicipal  celebrations.  Her  latest 
achievement  was  her  perseverance  in  transforming  what  was  known  as 
"Tin  Can  Alley"  in  the  southeastern  portion  of  the  city  to  the  beautiful 
"Meadowbrook  Park"  that  now  adorns  the  city.  Justice  requires  the 
mention  of  Col.  W.  L.  Vestal,  veteran  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  who  aided  her  in  this  commendable  municipal  enterprise. 

Amos  W.  Bemis,  pioneer  farmer,  was  born  in  Jefiferson  County, 
New  York,  in  1828,  son  of  Alvin  Bemis.  When  Amos  was  eight  years 
of  age  his  parents  removed  westward  to  Ohio,  and  in  1844  to  Lee  County, 
Iowa,  where  his  father  died  three  vears  later.  The  family  lived  in 
Iowa  three  years  after  the  death  of  the  head  of  the  family,  and  in  1851 
the  mother,  with  seven  sons  and  three  daughters,  started  for  California 
overland.  Amos  being  the  eldest  of  the  family,  the  greater  responsibility 
rested  on  him.  They  did  not  come  through  direct  to  California,  but 
spent  two  winters  in  Ogden,  Utah,  where  Amos  W.  Bemis  was  married 
to  Miss  Julia  McCullough,  also  a  native  of  the  Empire  State,  and  started 
with  his  bride  for  California  from  Ogden,  March  20,  1853,  crossing  the 
deserts  and  plains  with  team  to  San  Bernardino,  where  they  arrived 
June  5  the  same  year.  He  at  first  bought  twenty  acres  of  land,  camping 
out  all  the  first  summer.  Later  he  increased  his  holdings  to  200  acres, 
which  he  developed  into  a  fine  home,  devoting  most  of  his  time  to  farm- 
ing and  stock  raising.  When  Mr.  Bemis  came  to  San  Bernardino  it 
was  little  more  than  a  fort  and  trading  post.  Frequent  encounters  with 
Indians  and  wild  animals  occurred  and  life  was  uncertain,  being  com- 
bined with  hardships  of  which  the  present  generation  knows  nothing. 
In  fact,  Mr.  Bemis'  brother,  Samuel  Bemis,  met  death  from  a  bear  near 
San  Bernardino,  while  his  brother,  Nephi  Bemis,  had  been  killed  in 
ambush  by  Indians. 

Amos  W.  Bemis  has  during  all  his  life  of  more  than  half  a  century 
in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  been  one  of  its  most  highly  esteemed 
citizens,  his  name  ever  being  a  synonym  for  honesty  and  upright  living. 
He  believed  in  law  and  order.  He  was  never  excused  from  jury  duty 
by  the  prosecution  when  it  had  a  good  case  requiring  the  enforcement 
of  the  law. 

His  wife  preceded  him  to  that  undiscovered  country,  her  death 
occurring  June  3,  1902,  he  following  her  June  5,  1905. 

Seven  children  were  born  to  them :  George,  Amos,  Henry, 
Levi,  Irvine,  Wilson  and  Loran  Bemis,  highly  respected  citizens  who 
honor  mother  and  father. 

Edward  Daley,  pioneer  of  1851,  one  of  the  founders  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, road  builder,  was  born  in  New  York  State,  March  31,  1825, 
came  to  the  new  State  of  Ohio,  then  in  1844  moved  westward,  pioneering 
in  the  Middle  West  six  years.  July  24,  1846,  he  married  Miss  Nancy 
Hunt,  daughter  of  Capt.  Jefiferson  Hunt.  In  1849  they  started  overland 
to  California,  and  arrived  at  Sycamore  Grove  in  the  month  of  June, 
1851,  and  moved  down  to  San  Bernardino  in  September  on  the  purchase 


688         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  San  Bernardino  Rancho  from  the  Lugo  family  and  helped  to  build 
the  fort  in  which  the  colonists  entrenched  themselves  to  repel  the  attacks 
of  hostile  Indians.  Mr.  Daley  was  active  in  all  matters  promoting  the 
welfare  of  their  new  home.  He  opened  the  first  restaurant  to  accom- 
modate the  travelers  through  the  new  country  near  what  is  now  Third 
and  E  streets,  known  by  the  pioneers  as  "Daley  Inn,"'  and  being  the 
birthplace  of  their  son,  C.  J.  Daley,  the  well-known  pioneer.  Mr.  Daley 
was  a  successful  farmer  and  served  the  county  as  supervisor  for  four 
years  and  guarded  the  interests  of  the  people  as  he  did  his  own  with 
great  care  and  circumspection.  His  home  was  the  gathering  place  for 
his  neighbors  and  friends,  who  were  always  made  welcome.  The  girls 
and  boys  who  were  entertained  by  Aunt  Nancy  and  Uncle  Ed  in  their 
hospitable  home  are  now  grandmothers  and  grandfathers  who  look  back 
to  those  childhood  days  with  gratitude  for  the  many  happy  hours  and 
games  enjoyed  under  the  roof  of  Aunt  Nancy  and  Uncle  Ed  Daley. 

The  Daley  road  from  San  Bernardino  to  the  mountain  tops  and  then 
on  to  Little  Bear  Valley  to  the  Talmadge  and  La  Praix  Saw  Mills  will 
always  remain  a  monument  of  his  resolution  and  determination  to  afford 
more  convenience  to  those  saw  mills  to  enable  them  to  supply  the  increas- 
ing demands  for  more  material  to  continue  the  building  of  the  city. 

He  died  at  the  old  homestead,  January  25,  1896,  in  his  seventy-first 
year,  his  beloved  wife  following  him  January  4,  1921. 

To  them  were  born  eleven  children — Loami,  Celia,  Edward,  Jefiferson, 
John,  Grace,  Annetta,  Frank,  Lou,  May  and  Kate  Daley,  all  living  (1922) 
except  Loami,  ■  Grace,  Edward  and  John,  who  have  passed  on  to  their 
heavenly  home,  those  living  being  among  our  most  highly  respected 
nnd  honored  citizens. 

George  Cooley,  pioneer  farmer,  county  supervisor,  was  born  in  the 
Village  of  Eythorn,  in  the  County  of  Kent,  England,  December  21,  1831, 
started  from  Dover,  England,  for  California  March  13,  1853,  arrived  in 
New  Orleans  June  5,  1853,  came  up  the  Mississippi  to  Keokuk,  Iowa, 
then  crossed  the  plains  with  an  ox  team  by  way  of  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  then 
to  San  Bernardino,  California,  where  he  arrived  May  11,  1857,  and 
settled  down  permanently  on  his  extensive  farm  about  four  miles  south 
of  San  Bernardino,  followed  the  honorable  occupation  of  a  farmer,  being 
one  of  the  successful  tillers  of  the  soil  by  reason  of  his  industry  and 
perseverance. 

For  a  number  of  years  he  consented  to  serve  as  a  county  supervisor. 
The  Hall  of  Records  and  Court  House  are  objects  of  his  pride,  as  he 
saw  to  it  that  the  money  of  the  people  was  judiciously  and  economically 
used  in  their  construction,  thus  establishing  himself  strongly  in  the  con- 
fidence of  the  people.  This  excellent  example  has  been  followed  by  his 
children  and  grandchildren  in  the  community  where  they  live  and  trans- 
act business.  His  son,  George  M.  Cooley,  began  his  apprenticeship 
under  the  pioneer  tinner  and  hardware  merchant,  Jack  Ruften,  gradually 
climbed  the  business  ladder,  until  now  (1922)  he  is  doing  an  immense 
business,  formed  a  company  with  his  sons  and  takes  time  to  attend  to 
his  valuable  ranch  of  citrus  and  deciduous  fruits,  besides  becoming  a 
recognized  authority  on  the  culture  of  the  potato. 

Uncle  George  Cooley  was  married  to  Mrs.  Ellen  Cooley,  who  was 
born  in  Charlton,  Kent  County,  England,  July  14,  1834,  the  romantic 
wedding  taking  place  on  the  American  ship  Camillus  of  New  York, 
Charles  R.  Day,  commander,  and  who  performed  the  marriage  ceremony 
about  eleven  miles  north  of  Monte  Christo,  West  India  Islands,  and  came 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         689 

to  San  Bernardino  with  her  husband,  Hved  a  long  and  a  happy  life  and 
raised  sixteen  children. 

De  La  M.  Woodward  was  one  of  the  interesting  pioneers  of  the 
San  Bernardino  Valley,  active  in  the  progress  of  the  county  in  various 
capacities.  First  as  a  successful  farmer,  then  as  president  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees  of  the  City  of  San  Bernardino,  he  was  leading  star  of  the 
first  theatrical  troupe  of  San  Bernardino,  Harry  T.  Payne,  Edward  Pea- 
cock, J.  A.  Kelting,  George  Mattison,  Mrs.  Minerva  O.  Kelting.  Mrs. 
John  Miller  being  the  other  members  of  this  histrionic  aggregation. 
Ed  Peacock  was  the  painter  of  the  scenes,  the  other  members  did  the 
carpenter  work,  while  the  lady  performers  prepared  the  costumes.  The 
complimentary  tickets  were  distributed  so  generously  that  the  treasurer 
was  not  able  to  meet  the  demands,  so  after  a  brief  season  the  troupe 
suspended  the  circuit  confined  to  San  Bernardino. 

Taney  Woodward  was  active  in  the  literary  societies  of  the  city, 
exhibiting  much  natural  ability  in  the  debates  on  municipal,  state,  national 
and  worldwide  subjects.  He  was  active  in  Alay  Day  and  Fourth  of  July 
celebrations.  He  borrowed  a  yoke  of  oxen  from  John  Stutchberry  and 
with  Harry  T.  Payne  and  George  Mattison  went  up  Devil  Canyon  and 
brought  down  the  first  Christmas  tree  and  placed  it  in  the  old  adobe 
school  room  on  Fourth  Street,  when  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robbins  engineered 
the  crowning  of  the  Queen  of  May.  On  several  Christmas  tree  festivities 
he  made  an  ideal  Santa  Claus.  He  became  one  of  the  active  members 
of  the  Pioneer  Society,  served  on  the  various  committees  with  his  old 
friends  and  associates,  filled  the  office  of  president  two  terms,  assisted 
his  companions  in  erecting  the  pioneer  monuments  in  Cajon  Pass  to 
indicate  the  junction  of  the  Santa  Fe  and  Salt  Lake  Trails  leading  into 
.San   Bernardino,  thence  to  Southern  California. 

He  had  the  honor  of  sending  the  first  telegraphic  message  from  San 
Bernardino,  a  copy  of  which  was  as  follows,  with  the  reply : 

"San   Bernardino,   California,    September   18,    187.^. 
"To  A.  E.  Horton. 

"Founder  of    San   Diego. 

"The  telegraph  line  from  Anaheim  to  this  city  has  just  been  com- 
pleted. As  the  interests  of  San  Diego  and  San  Bernardino  are  mutual, 
we  extend  to  your  thriving  city  the  hand  of  fellowship,  hoping  that  the 
iron  rail  may  soon  connect  our  flourishing  city  with  the  rising  metropolis 
of  the  Pacific  Coast. 

"De  La  M.  Woodward, 
"President  of  the  Board  of  Town  Trustees." 

The  reply: 

"San  Diego,  California,  .September  18,  187.3. 
"To  De  La  M.  Woodward, 

"President  Board  Town  Trustees, 
"San  Bernardino,  California. 

"Your  telegram  just  received.  Allow  us  to  congratulate  you  on  being 
thus  brought  intimately  into  connection  with  the  world.  We  appreciate 
your  sentiments  with  regard  to  our  mutual  interests  and  earnestly  await 
the  day  when  we  can  return  the  compliment  in  person  by  the  railroad. 
"Allow  us  to  shake  hands  through  the  medium  of  the  telegraph.  Our 
little  city  by  the  sea  extends  to  you  and  to  the  citizens  of  San  Ber- 
nardino her  best  wishes  for  your  success  and  future  prosperity. 

"A.    E.    HoRTON." 

Mr.  Woodward  married  one  of  San  Bernardino's  fair  daughters. 
Miss  Carrie  Craw,  daughter  of  Charles  Craw,  one  of  the  well-known 


690         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

pioneer  freighters  of  San  Bernardino  County.  They  had  two  daughters, 
Josephine  and  Lettie  Woodward.  The  first  moved  to  Pennsylvania  years 
ago,  the  latter  married  Frank  Keir,  one  of  the  popular  employes  of  the 
Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company,  and  at  this  time  (1922)  lives  in  Lol'. 
Angeles.  Lettie,  as  she  was  familiarly  called  by  her  old  associates,  was 
one  of  the  most  popular  young  ladies  of  San  Bernardino  because  of 
her  training  the  children  in  elocution,  and  she  herself  entertained  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  the  Pioneer 
Society  and  on  many  patriotic  and  social  occasions  she  endeared  herself 
by  her  versatility  of  talents,  ainiability  and  unselfish  disposition  to  a 
large  circle  of  friends,  for  whom  mother  and  father  entertained  just 
pride. 

Richard  Weir,  one  of  the  builders  of  San  Bernardino,  was  born  in 
London  Township,  Ontario,  Canada,  on  July  17,  1856,  the  son  of  John 
and  Jane  Talbot  Weir.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  whose 
family  immigrated  to  Canada  in  1810.  His  mother  was  the  daughter  of 
Colonel  Talbot  of  the  British  Army,  a  native  of  Ontario,  Canada.  Rich- 
ard lived  on  the  home  farm  until  thirteen,  when  he  was  apprenticed  to 
the  carpenter  trade.  After  serving  his  term  he  was  employed  as  a 
journeyman  by  a  firm  of  contractors  and  finally  went  into  business  on 
his  own  acocunt.  He  lived  in  London,  Ontario,  until  1883,  when  he 
came  to  California  and  spent  a  year  at  Sacramento.  He  returned  to 
Canada  and  in  1887  removed  to  San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  followed 
his  trade  in  building  many  residences  all  over  the  city.  He  has  a  fine 
residence  on  Birch  and  Olive  streets. 

Mr.  Weir  is  very  fond  of  outdoor  life  and  spends  his  summers  with 
his  family  in  the  mountains  hunting,  fishing  and  camping.  Among 
his  most  enjoyable  camps  was  one  at  the  J.  B.  Smithson  mountain  home 
near  Strawberry  Peak,  then  called  the  "Smithsonian,"  now  known  as 
Pine  Crest,  where  Bart  Smithson  and  his  estimable  wife,  Jane,  enter- 
tained the  pioneers  in  whatever  numbers  they  came  to  enjoy  the  beau- 
tiful surroundings  and  real  California  pioneer  hospitality.  Another  joy- 
ful camp  was  the  one  known  as  "Pioneer  Camp,"  on  the  stream  flowing 
into  James'  Flat,  where  over  three  hundred  pioneers  had  the  time  of 
rheir  lives  "in  that  lone,  sequestered  spot,  the  world  forgetting,  by  the 
world  forgot."  Here  Mr.  Weir  learned  the  worth  of  such  men  as  Bart 
Smithson,  Sheldon  Stoddard,  Sydney  P.  Waite,  John  Brown,  Jr.,  George 
Miller,  George  M.  Cooley,  Jap  Corbett,  Silas  Cox,  Taney  \\'oodward. 
Bill  Holcomb,  Joe  Brown,  Mark  B.  Shaw,  with  whom  Mr.  Weir  cut 
down  pine  trees  at  Knapp's  Ranch  on  the  mountains  and  helped  erect  log 
cabins  for  the  pioneers  in  San  Bernardino  to  perpetuate  their  memory, 
and  also  pioneer  monuments  in  Cajon  Pass  to  show  the  present  and 
coming  generations  where  the  Santa  Fe  and  Salt  Lake  Trails  joined. 
The  second  monument  has  its  arrow  pointing  direct  to  San  Bernardino, 
the  most  desirable  place  to  settle  in.  With  such  builders,  hunters,  fisher- 
men, mountaineer  campers  and  jolly  good  fellows  Mr.  Weir  has  enjoyed 
many  happy  outings. 

December  28.  1882,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Sarah  Jane  Heck,  a  native 
of  Kingston,  Canada,  and  a  direct  descendant  of  Barbara  Heck,  the 
founder  of  Canadian  Methodism,  who  came  to  Canada  from  New  York 
in  1776,  and  whose  ancestors  landed  on  Plymouth  Rock  in  1620. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Weir  have  four  children — Herbert  Heck,  Emma  Edna, 
Alma  Jane  and  John  Wesley  Weir. 

It  may  not  be  inappropriate  to  close  this  interesting  sketch  by  relating 
a  humorous  story  illustrating  a  commendable  virtue  in  Mr.  Weir,  that 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         691 

of  making  fun  and  brightening  up  life  a  little  as  we  journey  along.  It 
so  happened  one  spring  when  the  neighbors  were  planting  out  their 
vegetable  gardens  that  his  close  neighbor,  George  Washington  Suttenfield. 
planted  a  new  variety  of  cucumber  recommended  for  its  large  size  and 
rapid  growth,  and  called  his  neighbor.  Richard,  over  to  bis  garden  to 
see  that  new  cucumber  and  bow  be  had  fertilized  and  cultivated  the 
soil,  the  cucumber  vines  looking  healthy  and  the  young  cucumbers  then 
being  about  two  inches  long.  Sut,  as  Suttenfield  was  familiarly  known, 
would  go  over  to  Weir's  and  look  at  the  growing  cucumbers  that  Richard 
had  and  boasted  that  bis  looked  better  because  he  had  a  better  variety 
and  cultivated  the  soil  more.  Richard,  hearing  this  boastful  spirit  of  his 
neighbor,  resolved  on  getting  even,  surpassing  his  neighbor  if  possible, 
so  goes  down  to  the  city  and  on  the  racks  of  a  vegetable  store  notices 
some  cucumbers  about  a  foot  long,  so  buys  half  a  dozen  of  these,  takes 
them  home  and  places  them  carefully  among  the  leaves  of  his  cucumber 
vine  and  removes  the  small  cucumbers  and  lets  three  days  pass  and  goes 
over  to  see  Sut's  cucumbers,  about  two  inches  long,  and  has  a  spirited 
conversation  with  him  and  invites  him  over  to  see  the  rapid  growth  at 
Weir's  garden.  On  arriving  there  and  beholding  these  cucumbers  a 
foot  long,  growing  on  a  vine  from  seed  planted  about  the  same  time  as 
his,  he  wondered  at  such  marvelous  growth,  a  foot  long,  when  his  cucum- 
bers were  only  two  inches  long,  and  after  such  great  care  in  planting, 
fertilizing  and  cultivating  he  had  done,  he  exclaimed,  "By  the  heavens, 
Weir,  you  have  beat  me."  Mr.  Weir  took  out  his  pocketknife.  stooped 
pver  the  cucumber  vine  and  made  believe  that  he  cut  the  cucumber  from 
the  vine,  handed  the  twelve-inch  cucumber  to  Sut,  telling  him  to  take 
it  to  Sarah,  his  wife,  and  show  her  what  kind  of  soil  Weir  had  to  raise 
cucumbers,  which  he  did,  and  she  was  more  surprised  than  he  was.  Mr. 
Weir  kept  the  secret  till  next  day,  for  it  was  too  good  to  keep.  Sut, 
acknowledging  that  the  cucumber  trick  was  well  played  on  him,  and  only 
went  to  show  that  his  neighbor,  Dick  Weir,  has  his  funny  spells,  and  a 
jolly  good  fellow. 

John  Andreson,  Sr.,  one  of  the  active  builders  of  San  Bernardino, 
was  born  in  Schleswig  Holstein,  Germany,  near  the  borders  of  Den- 
mark and  Germany,  in  1834.  He  came  to  America  sailing  around  Cape 
Horn  in  1850  and  returned  to  England  in  1852.  He  again  came  to 
.America  around  Cape  Horn  and  sailed  up  the  Pacific  coast,  and  after 
spending  six  months  in  the  Argentine  Republic,  continued  sailing  his 
way  up  the  coast  to  California.  He  continued  his  sea-faring  life  for  a 
number  of  years  along  the  coast  being  prominent  as  a  ship  owner. 

From  1861  to  1863  he  carried  on  a  grocery  business  in  San  Francisco 
and  later  went  to  Arizona,  prospecting  and  mining  at  LaPaz.  In  1870 
he  visited  his  place  of  birth  after  an  absence  of  twenty  years.  On  his 
return  be  settled  in  San  Bernardino  where  he  had  purchased  an  acre 
of  land  on  the  northwest  corner  of  Third  and  E  streets,  on  which  stood 
a  small  brewery.  This  building  was  disposed  of  and  he  erected  a  large 
two-story  building  which  is  now  the  home  of  the  Farmers  Exchange 
Bank. 

Many  of  the  finest  buildings  of  the  city  were  built  by  Mr.  Andreson 
and  his  partner,  H.  L.  Drew,  and  to  their  foresight  the  city  has  flourished 
wonderfully.  They  realized  San  Bernardino  would  grow  and  made  it 
thrive  by  erecting  substantial  buildings. 

They  were  projectors  of  the  D  Street  horse  car  line,  and  were  two 
of  the  four  far  seeing  men  to  whose  personal  efforts  is  due  the  securing 
of  the  depot  and  work  shops  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company. 


692        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Andreson  served  as  supervisor  of  the  county  and  as  chairman 
of  the  board  several  terms  with  his  old  friends.  James  W.  Waters,  Lewis 
Cram,  Don  Cornelius  Jensen,  George  Coole}',  to  look  out  for  the  inter- 
ests of  the  tax  payers. 

He  also  served  on  the  Board  of  City  Trustees  and  was  largely  instru- 
mental in  securing  for  the  city  its  complete  sewer  system.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Library  Board  for  many  years,  was  treasurer  for  Phoenix 
Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  a  valued  member  of  the  Pioneer  Society,  and  in  the 
early  days  was  among  the  first  volunteer  firemen  of  the  city — in  all  of 
which  capacities  he  performed  his  part  well.  He  died  at  the  residence 
of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Walter  Kohl,  633  Fourth  Street,  San  Bernardino, 
January  13,  1912,  one  of  the  most  highly  respected  citizens  of  the  county. 
He  left  one  brother,  Jacob,  who  spends  his  summers  at  Skyland,  where 
he  has  a  mountain  cottage. 

John  Andreson  had  the  following  children,  three  sons,  John  Andre- 
son,  Jr.,  William  Andreson,  Edmund  .Vndreson,  and  two  daughters,  Mrs. 
O.  H.  Kohl  and  Mrs.  Walter  Kohl. 

Alfred  Morgan  Lewis  came  to  Riverside  in  1885.  He  was  born 
in  1868  at  Neponset,  Illinois,  of  Welsh  ancestry  and  Revolutionary  stock. 
He  was  raised  on  a  farm  like  so  many  of  our  sturdy  pioneers.  His 
education  was  gained  mainly  in  Iowa  and  Illinois  where  he  attended 
school  and  worked  on  the  farm  at  the  same  time. 

Coming  to  California  at  the  early  age  of  seventeen,  he  worked  his 
way  in  various  lines,  but  the  most  of  the  time  he  was  connected  with  the 
grocery  business.  He  worked  thirteen  years  with  one  finn  and  then  with 
a  partner  went  in  business  for  himself.  The  business  prospered  and  in 
1918  he  bought  out  his  partner. 

He  has  the  largest  retail  grocery  business  in  Southern  California, 
outside  of  Los  Angeles,  with  two  branch  stores  at  Arlington  and  West 
Riverside.  He  conducts  a  complete  food  store  and  uses  every  means  to 
reduce  the  cost  of  merchandise  by  carload  buying  and  modern  trans- 
portation facilities.  Purchased  the  three  story  block  in  1921,  known  as 
the  Pennsylvania  Block.  100  by  157^4  feet. 

His  early  struggles  and  success  has  not  led  him  to  be  completely 
absorbed  in  business  matters  as  he  is  most  active  in  Boy  Scout  work  and 
is  a  director  in  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Business  Men's  Association, 
Present  Day  Club,  and  Rotary  Club.  He  is  a  trustee  of  the  First  Baptist 
Church  and  Sunday  school  superintendent,  is  a  member  of  the  Pioneer 
Society  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  is  a  Knight  Templar 
Mason. 

He  was  married  in  Riverside  in  1891  to  Miss  Catherine  Lee  Todd,  a 
native  of  Missouri,  of  Scotch  ancestry  and  an  old  southern  family.  She 
too  is  most  active  in  community  work.  Thev  have  two  children.  The 
daughter,  Ruth,  received  her  education  at  the  Lhiiversity  of  California  and 
the  son,  Paul,  at  the  University  of  Southern  California.  Paul  Lewis  was 
the  first  man  accepted  by  the  Riverside  Board  of  Service  on  the  World's 
war  and  served  eleven  months  on  this  side  and  eleven  nionths  overseas. 
On  his  return  he  became  associated  with  his  father  in  business.  In  1920 
he  married  Miss  Ruth  Rougny. 

Mr.  Lewis's  residence,  situated  at  the  corner  of  Seventh  and  Rubidoux 
Drive,  is  considered  one  of  the  most  attractive  homes  in  Riverside. 

Mr.  Lewis  does  not  always  confine  himself  to  his  every  day  labors, 
for  often  when  he  finds  a  "down  and  out"  who  is  worthy  and  in  need 
he  is  not  backward  in  giving  him  or  her,  mostly  her,  employment  in 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         693 

his  store  until  better  days  arrive.     In  this  matter  he  makes  it  a  rule  not 
to  "let  his  left  hand  know  what  his  right  hand  doeth." 

It  is  always  a  pleasure  to  the  writer  of  history  to  chronicle  the 
successes  of  those  who  can  be  classed  among  the  pioneers  and  have 
"grown  up  with  the  country,"  such  a  one  is  Mr.  Lewis,  one  of  the 
leading  grocerymen  in  Riverside. 

George  N.  Reynolds.  Long  in  the  hearts  of  his  many  friends  and 
associates  will  live  the  memory  of  George  N.  Reynolds,  a  pioneer  mer- 
chant and  revered  philanthropist  of  Riverside,  who  passed  away  Septem- 
ber 21,  1911,  and  whose  life  was  an  example  well  worthy  of  emulation. 
His  characteristics  of  sterling  integrity  and  keen  executive  ability  united 
with  broad  and  generous  sympathies  and  a  deep  religious  nature  found 
adequate  expression  not  only  in  the  management  of  his  own  wide  financial 
interests,  but  in  countless  benevolent  enterprises  as  well.  His  career 
was  remarkable  not  only  for  the  wonderful  success  he  achieved  from  an 
infinitely  small  beginning,  but  for  the  continued  generosity  displayed  by 
him  even  throughout  the  years  in  which  he  laid  the  foundations  of  his 
future  vast  interests. 

Born  November  24.  1860,  at  St.  Catherine,  Ontario,  Canada, 
Mr.  Reynolds  was  the  only  son  of  Robert  and  Catherine  (Nicoll) 
Reynolds,  the  father's  death  occurring  when  the  boy  was  quite  young. 
Subsequently  the  mother  married  William  Caldwell  and  taking  charge 
of  her  daughters,  Isabelle,  now  deceased,  and  Margaret  Robinson,  who 
now  resides  in  Kingston,  Canada,  placed  her  boy  in  the  hands  of  his 
uncle,  Jt)sepii  Nicoll,  who  conducted  a  nursery  and  greenhouse  in 
Cataraque.  During  his  residence  with  his  uncle  he  attended  the  country 
school  several  winters,  completing  his  education  at  Cataraque,  Ontario, 
and  in  1880  he  came  to  Riverside,  California,  securing  employment  on 
a  ranch  which  was  later  chosen  for  the  site  of  Chemawa  Park.  After 
five  years,  during  which  time  he  had  risen  to  the  position  of  foreman 
of  the  Everest  Rancho,  he  determined  to  engage  in  business  with  the 
small  capital  of  $1,200,  which  he  had  saved  from  his  earnings,  and  in 
1885  established  a  mercantile  store  in  the  room  which  now  forms  the 
south  half  of  the  Newberry  grocery  store.  Nine  years  later,  his  trade 
having  grown  too  large  for  his  small  quarters,  he  removed  to  the  Castle- 
man  Block,  on  the  spot  where  the  First  National  Bank  now  stands.  In 
1896  he  added  to  his  store  the  north  room  now  occupied  by  the  Hinde 
Hardware  Company,  his  stock  comprising  men's  clothes,  furni.shing 
goods  and  shoes.  Shortly  thereafter,  however,  having  reached  the  limit 
of  expansion  along  special  lines,  he  decided  to  establish  a  department 
store,  feeling  sure  that  this  field  offered  unlimited  opportunities  for  a 
man  of  confidence  and  training.  To  that  end  was  erected  the  building 
once  occupied  by  Frankenheimer  &  Lightner,  and  in  which  the  Reynolds 
Department  Store  located  October  7,  1896.  As  new  departments  were 
added  it  became  apparent  that  more  room  would  be  required  and  the 
venture  appearing  to  justify  his  next  move  he  erected  in  1900  his  present 
building,  consisting  of  three  stories  and  basement  and  covering  100  by  157 
feet.  In  1903  he  purchased  the  Casa  Palma  Hotel  which  he  remodeled 
under  the  name  of  the  Reynolds  Hotel  Building,  his  many  real  estate 
transactions  being  directed  with  a  view  to  the  development  of  Riverside 
in  whose  future  he  ever  maintained  unswerving  faith. 

Mr.  Reynolds  enjoyed  the  distinction  of  operating  the  largest  depart- 
ment store  in  Southern  Caliiornia,  with  the  exception  of  Los  Angeles, 
and  was  the  largest  individual  taxpayer  in  Riverside  County,  having 
erected  a  greater  number  of  business  blocks  than  any  other  person  or 


694        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

corporation.  Following  is  a  list  of  business  property  owned  by  him. 
his  residence  holdings  also  having  been  considerable.  The  Reynolds  Hotel 
Building  on  Main  Street :  the  two-story  brick  block,  50  by  100  feet, 
adjoining;  a  building  between  this  structure  and  the  Pennsylvania  Build- 
ing; 157  feet  of  a  store  building  on  Ninth  Street,  east  of  Main;  one- 
fourth  of  a  block  on  Ninth  and  Orange ;  175  feet  of  unimproved  prop- 
erty on  Orange  between  Ninth  and  Tenth ;  and  the  College  Building  on 
Main  Street  between  Seventh  and  Eighth,  which  he  built  for  a  store 
building  and  later  sold.  He  was  also  active  in  the  development  of  Halls 
Addition,  a  rapidly  growing  and  desirable  section  of  the  city.  An 
enthusiastic  believer  in  civic  improvements  Mr.  Reynolds  lent  much  aid 
towards  establishing  and  improving  roads,  schools,  parks,  in  fact,  every- 
thing that  tends  to  beautify  a  city  and  its  environs.  His  donations 
toward  public  improvements  are  a  matter  of  special  mention  and  include 
the  fountain  and  lily  pond  presented  to  White  Park  in  1909,  and  Fair- 
mount  Park  improvements  aggregating  several  thousands  of  dollars. 

During  the  past  few  years  of  his  life  Mr.  Reynolds  traveled  exten- 
sively, having  made  three  trips  abroad,  including  a  year's  tour  of  the 
world,  his  keen  observation  and  appreciatiative  nature  rendering  his 
journeys  not  only  pleasant  but  profitable.  On  June  1,  1911,  owing  to 
ill  health,  he  was  forced  to  relinquish  the  activities  of  his  life,  his  son. 
Charles  L.,  relieving  him  of  all  responsibility.  Mr.  Reynolds  held 
active  membership  in  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  from  the 
time  of  its  organization,  having  served  several  years  on  its  directorate 
also.  He  was  a  valued  worker  in  the  Business  Men's  Association  of 
the  city  and  upon  his  death  his  fellow  members  tendered  to  the  bereaved 
family  a  beautiful  tribute  to  his  memory  in  the  form  of  a  resolution 
setting  forth  the  incalculable  inspiration  and  encouragement  his  life 
has  been  to  them.  In  truth,  the  entire  city  paused  in  mourning  during 
his  funeral  services,  for  he  was  widely  known  and  loved.  A  member 
of  Evergreen  Lodge,  No.  259,  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  and  River- 
side Lodge  No.  643,  Benovolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  was 
affiliated,  also,  with  the  Victoria  Club.  A  stanch  republican,  he  was 
deeply  interested  in  political  developments,  though  never  desirous  of 
office.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  his  religious  life 
being  that  of  a  consistent  Christian  whose  personal  success  never  for  a 
momtent  dulled  his  sympathies  for  those  less  fortunate  than  himself. 

Mr.  Reynolds  was  united  in  marriage  November  29,  1888,  in  River^ 
side,  with  Miss  Laura  T.  Low,  a  daughter  of  J.  D.  Low,  who,  in  1883, 
brought  his  family  to  California  from  Chicago. 

Robert  Hornbeck  comes  of  pioneer  stock ;  ancestry  on  father's  side, 
Holland  Dutch ;  settled  in  Ulster  County,  New  York,  where  name  is  still 
common ;  great-grandfather  went  to  \'irginia  and  later  to  Kentucky  with 
Daniel  Boone ;  heard  of  the  battle  of  I.exington,  returned  to  \'irginia 
and  enlisted  in  Morgan's  riflemen  :  at  siege  of  Boston ;  at  end  of  war 
was  a  captain  in  Fifth  Regiment  New  York  Infantry,  Colonel  W'eis- 
senfels;  returned  to  Kentucky.  Mother's  father  soldier  of  1812.  Father 
served  in  Civil  war  in  First  Alabama  (Union)  Cavalry.  Wife  was 
youngest  sister  of  Fred  T.  Perris,  of  San  Bernardino.  Her  father  in 
Civil  war  and  was  among  the  "missing."  Father  was  an  early  settler  on 
Puget   Sound  and   went  to   Riverside  about   fifty  years   ago;   left    1882 

Robert  W.  Hornbeck  learned  trade  at  Decatur,  Illinois,  and  San 
Bernardino;  was  newspaper  corres])nndent  at  fifteen:  wrote  letters  for 
Toledo  Blade  after  coming  to  California ;  ])rinter  of  Riverside  News,  1877  ; 
was  hired  by  J.  H.  Roe  as  printer  of  Press  in  1878  and  printed  first  issue: 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 


695 


after  paper  was  bought  by  Holt  they  were  partners  for  a  short  time. 
Ran  opposition  paper  to  Holt  but  venture  was  financial  failure  and  finally 
sold  to  Holt.  Was  in  job  printing  business  several  years  but  burned 
out  in  1883.  Went  to  San  Diego  1885  with  Union;  helped  to  establish 
a  daily  paper  at  Coronado  Beach  in  1887. 

Went  to  Santa  Rosa  and  Petaluma  in  newspaper  work.  To  San 
Francisco  later  on  Pacific  Rural  Press  and  Chronicle.  While  in  Arizona 
in  1890  took  the  editorship  of  Yuma  Times  and  remained  Chronicle 
correspondent.  In  1901  went  to  Redlands  with  Scipio  Craig  on  Citro- 
graph.     Seven  years  later  Craig  died  and  paper  was  suspended.     After 


Robert  Hornbeck 


being  with  Redlands  dailies  for  some  time  went  to  Sacramento  as  proof- 
reader in  State  Printing  office,  but  lost  his  voice  and  ha?  quit  newspaper 
work  entirely.  Self  and  wife  live  with  unmarried  sons,  twins  born  in 
Arizona.  Both  bovs  were  in  World  war.  one  in  France,  and  one  in  navy. 
Another  older  son  born  at  Riverside  was  a  lieutenant  and  trained  many 
hundred  men  at  Camp  Gordon,  Ga. 

Robert  W.  Hornbeck  was  connected  with  the  establishment  of  over 
twenty  papers  on  the  Pacific  Coast  and  been  employee  of  about  twenty 
more. 

Mr,  Hornbeck  published  several  books,  one  on  Social  Topics  quite 
successful.  His  book  on  Rubidoux  Ranch  exhaustive  on  that  subject 
and  looked  to  as  an  authority.  He  took  an  active  part  in  the  early  news- 
papers of  Riverside. 


696        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Rev.  Wm.  Frederick  Taylor,  D.  D.  Perhaps  no  one  wlio  had 
such  a  short  time  to  live  in  Riverside  as  Rev.  W.  F.  Taylor,  will  leave 
such  a  pleasant  memory  as  he  did.  Not  so  much  as  being  a  preacher 
of  the  gospel  as  from  being  founder  of  the  Present  Day  Club.  In  his 
previous  life  he  saw  more  changes  in  his  ministerial  career  than  falls 
to  most  preachers  outside  of  the  Methodist  Church. 

Born  in  London,  England,  December  25,  1844,  and  came  to  the  United 
States  when  three  years  of  age  to  Brooklyn,  New  York.  His  father 
died  when  he  was  eleven  years  of  age,  and  at  fourteen  he  was  in  business 
for  himself  with  the  art  firm  of  Reynolds,  Devoe  &  Pratt.  However, 
art  did  not  suit  him  and  from  there  he  went  to  the  University  of 
Rochester,  where  he  graduated  from  the  Theological  Seminary  in  May, 
1875,  and  was  ordained  pastor  at  Medina,  June  1,  1875.  July,  1882, 
found  him  pastor  at  East  Orange,  New  Jersey.  From  there  to  Indian- 
apolis, May,  1889,  and  in  Seattle,  Washington.  May,  1894.  From  there 
to  Dayton,  Ohio,  June,  1895.  November  1899,  he  was  installed  in  River- 
side where  he  ended  his  life  work  in  Riverside  on  October  19,  1905. 
He  received  his  D.  D.  from  Dennison  University  in   1898. 

Doctor  Taylor  was  a  popular  and  talented  preacher  while  in  River- 
side, very  active  in  every  good  work.  It  was,  however,  as  founder  of 
the  Present  Day  Club  that  his  greatest  credit  came  from,  of  which  he 
was  president  until  the  time  of  his  death.  This  Present  Day  Club  was 
founded  to  discuss  everyday  life  questions  and  has  grown  in  popularity 
and  usefulness  until  it  has  a  membership  of  over  700  who  take  a  great 
interest  in  the  proceedings.  The  club  is  often  helped  by  outside  talent 
presenting  papers  which  are  discussed  by  members  present.  The  club 
never  takes  a  vote  on  any  question  and  in  that  way  never  settles  anything. 
Doctor  Taylor  brought  the  nucleus  of  the  club  from  Dayton.  Ohio,  but 
the  Riverside  club  has  far  outgrown  its  origin  and  for  that  matter  any- 
thing of  similar  character  in  the  United  States. 

Doctor  Taylor  married  in  July,  1877,  Carrie  Achiles,  by  whom  he  had 
two  sons  and  a  daughter.  The  oldest  son,  Wycliff,  is  in  business  in 
Los  Angeles,  the  other  son  in  Riverside  is  doing  active  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
and  Boy  Scout  work  and  the  daughter,  Mrs.  Feris  Moulton,  is  living  in 
Los  Angeles.    Mrs.  Taylor  still  resides  in  Riverside. 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Crandall,  noted  typical  pioneer  mother,  was  born  in 
the  little  town  of  La  Salle,  La  Salle  County,  Illinois,  December  12,  1834. 
now  (1922)  nearing  her  eighty-eighth  anniversary,  was  the  daughter  of 
Nathan  and  Bet.sey  Wixom,  pioneers  of  Illinois,  who  started  westward 
to  Utah  and  California  in  1850,  attracted  by  the  wonderful  excitement 
caused  by  the  discovery  of  gold  in  California  in  1849.  The  Wixom 
family  joined  a  large  caravan  of  prairie  schooners  for  their  better  pro- 
tection from  attacks  of  hostile  Indians  while  crossing  the  Indian  country 
through  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  plains,  crossing  the  Missouri  River 
at  Council  Bluffs,  the  great  rendezvous  of  the  onrushing  immigration. 
Miss  Mary  Wixom,  although  a  child  of  fifteen  years,  helped  her  parents 
in  crossing  these  mountains  and  vast  plains  and  deserts,  doing  the  work 
of  a  grown  woman  by  driving  an  ox  team,  and  when  her  shoes  were 
worn  out  and  could  not  be  patched  any  more  she  drove  the  team  bare- 
foot, as  was  generally  the  case  with  many  others  in  the  train.  In  her 
advancing  years  she  loves  to  relate  the  thrilling  stories  of  incidents  hap- 
pening along  this  six  months'  experience  crossing  the  American  conti- 
nent from  Illinois  to  San  Bernardino,  California,  with  an  ox  team  in  1850. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         697 

At  Salt  Lake  City,  a  much  needed  rest  was  taken  especially  to  recruit 
the  almost  worn  out  oxen,  and  to  replenish  the  almost  exhausted  supply 
of  provisions  for  the  remainder  of  the  journey  to  California. 

While  crossing  the  San  Bernardino  range  of  mountains  into  Cajon 
Pass,  the  wagons  had  to  descend  on  a  mountain  ridge  called  the  "Hog 
Back,"  owing  to  its  narrow  and  steep  condition,  where  one  yoke  of  oxen 
was  used  to  keep  the  wagons  on  the  ridge,  and  the  other  oxen  yoked 
behind  to  hold  the  wagon  back,  and  keep  it  from  turning  somersaults  on 
the  forward  oxen  and  roll  down  the  precipitous  sides  hundreds  of  feet 
below.  This  was  one  of  the  experiences  encountered  by  these  brave  and 
intrepid  pioneers  as  they  began  entering  California.  Another  and  the 
last  adventure  that  can  be  given  here,  owing  to  want  of  space,  happened 
down  below  in  the  Cajon  Pass  Canyon,  near  where  the  pioneers  have 
erected  their  monuments  designating  the  junction  of  the  Santa  Fe  and 
Salt  Lake  Trails.  Mary  was  driving  her  ox  team  sitting  on  the  wagon 
tongue  between  the  two  favorite  oxen,  her  mother  was  up  in  the  wagon 
hovering  around  the  small  wagon  stove  with  the  children,  it  being  Decem- 
ber and  cold,  when  all  of  a  sudden  a  violent  gust  of  wind  came  and 
lifted  the  wagon  box  ofif  the  running  gear,  blowing  it  to  the  side  of  the 
road  with  mother,  the  children,  the  stove  and  all  the  contents,  when  a 
fire  started  to  burn  the  wagon  cover,  the  bedding  and  all,  which  was 
extinguished  by  Mary  grabbing  the  churn  filled  with  buttermilk  and 
pouring  the  contents  quickly  on  the  fire  which  providential  act  saved  the 
life  of  mother  and  the  children.  The  Wixom  family  had  some  loose 
stock  oxen  to  replace  those  too  weak  to  pull  any  more  ;  cows  to  provide 
milk  that  was  poured  in  the  churn  which  was  placed  over  the  hind  part 
of  the  wagon  which  at  the  end  of  the  day's  journey,  by  the  jolting  over 
the  rocky  road,  would  be  churned  and  the  milk  turned  into  butter,  which 
made  the  slap  jacks  cooked  over  the  camp  fire  more  palatable  with  the 
coffee  and  bacon. 

In  December.  1851,  Mary,  with  her  parents,  entered  the  San  Bernar- 
dino Valley,  joining  the  pioneers  in  the  old  fort,  who  had  preceded  her 
in  June,  having  camped  at  Sycamore  Grove,  at  the  mouth  of  Cajon  Pass 
till  September,  when  they  moved  down  to  the  present  site  of  San 
Bernardino,  and  renewed  the  acquaintance  of  Capt.  Jefferson  Hunt,  and 
his  family.  Aunt  Nancy,  Aunt  Jane,  and  Aunt  Harriet,  she  had  known 
in  Illinois. 

Mary  went  with  her  parents  to  San  Juan,  Monterey  County,  and 
moved  into  the  house  vacated  the  same  forenoon  by  our  well-known 
pioneer  hunter  and  trapper  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  John  Brown,  Sr.. 
who  was  starting  down  the  coast  to  San  Bernardino,  who  had  been 
proprietor  with  James  W.  Waters  of  the  St.  John's  Hotel  and  Livery 
Stable  at  San  Juan.  Here  was  her  first  acquaintance  with  the  Brown 
family,  and  with  John  Brown,  Jr.,  secretary  of  the  San  Bernardino 
Society  of  California  Pioneers. 

Here  at  San  Juan  Mis.sion,  on  January  15,  1853,  Monterey  County, 
California,  she  married  Lucian  Crandall,  the  young  gentleman  who 
crossed  the  plains  with  them.  In  July,  1855,  she  returned  to  San 
Bernardino  for  good,  becoming  a  permanent  resident  of  this  beautiful 
valley,  grown  up  with  the  humble  city  from  its  beginning,  all  along  until 
now  she  marvels  at  its  wonderful  growth  and  prosperity,  always  taking 
part  in  its  civic,  educational  and  spiritual  development. 

She  holds  the  key  of  the  pioneer  log  cabin,  witnesses  the  134  log 
cabin  weddings  under  the  marriage  bell,  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the 
typical  pioneer  mothers  of  California;  attends  all  the  Mav  Day,  Fourth 
of  July,  Admission  Day,  Washington  and  Lincoln  anniversaries,  besides 


698         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

all  local  birthdays  of  the  pioneers  and  re-unions  with  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic  and  Women's  Relief  Corps,  and  booster  for  the  San 
Bernardino  National  Orange  Show,  and  just  loves  to  dance  quadrilles, 
Virginia  reels,  the  varsovienne,  and  other  fancy  dances  of  "ye  olden 
time,"  and  at  the  age  of  eighty-eight  years  young  as  she  insists  on  being 
considered. 

She  is  proud  of  her  nineteen  grand-children,  fourteen  great-grand- 
children, her  children,  W.  N.  Crandall,  L.  D.  Crandall,  Nathan  D.  Cran- 
dall,  Eliza  Crandall,  Laura  E.  Crandall,  Myron  Crandall,  Rose  Crandall 
Wilson  and  Chauncey  Crandall.  Rose  married  Mr.  W.  T.  Wilson,  one 
of  the  popular  employees  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company.  They 
have  three  promising  children,  Nathan,  Lowell,  and  Ariel,  who  are 
devoted  to  their  parents  and  grandma,  and  with  the  other  relations  always 
join  in  celebrating  Mother  Crandall's  birthday  which  is  looked  forward 
to  every  year  with  increasing  interest.  The  log  cabin  of  late  years  has 
been  the  gathering  place  for  her  many  friends  to  meet  and  greet  her  for 
the  happy  life  she  is  living,  for  the  altruistic  and  cheerful  disposition  she 
inspires  in  others.  The  secret  of  her  longevity  is  in  keeping  busy  in 
making  others  happy,  making  the  world  better  because  she  lives  and 
loves  to  be  in  it.  So  her  friends  are  drawn  to  her  and  enjoy  the  many 
happy  occasions  with  her,  not  to  forget  the  enjoyable  quilting  parties 
she  loves  to  attend.  Her  special  friend,  a  native  daughter  of  San 
Bernardino,  Mrs.  R.  F.  Garner,  never  fails  to  bring  a  beautiful  birthday 
cake  in  honor  of  this  highly  esteemed  pioneer  mother,  who  has  been 
crowned  Queen  of  May,  and  participated  in  the  crowning  of  many  of 
her  pioneer  sisters  on  May  Day,  the  happiest  day  of  all  the  glad  new 
year,  while  they  were  here  on  earth,  a  most  beautiful  and  inspiring  cus- 
tom of  the  pioneers  not  to  wait  till  they  are  gone  to  show,  perhaps  with 
a  few  flowers,  some  appreciation  of  them,  but  to  cheer  them  while  they 
are  living  and  can  enjoy  these  tokens  of  regard  and  afifection. 

Mother  Crandall  is  rich  in  the  memory  of  so  many  pioneer  mothers 
in  San  Bernardino  who  deserve  as  much  consideration  as  the  pioneer 
fathers,  if  not  more,  for  enduring  the  hardships,  trials  and  dangers  with 
them  in  crossing  the  plains  and  deserts  and  experiencing  the  privations 
of  frontier  life. 

Pioneer  mothers,  Daley,  Stoddard,  Mayfield,  Brown,  Rathbun,  Rob- 
bins,  McElvain,  Kelting,  Carter,  Roberds,  Bottoms,  Wood,  Glenn,  Heap, 
f-Iolmes,  Kissel,  Alexander,  Boley  Curtis,  Goodcell,  Atwood,  Swarthout, 
Holcomb,  Hudson,  Davidson,  Seely,  Barton,  Highmore,  and  many  others, 
are  deserving  of  recognition  with  the  pioneer  husbands  for  their  faithful 
devotion  in  planting  civilization  on  these  western  shores  for  succeeding 
generations  to  enjoy. 

All  honor  to  the  brave,  the  heroic  pioneer  mothers  and  fathers.  Mary 
A.  Crandall  surely  being  one  of  the  genuine  typical  pioneer  mothers,  none 
name  her  but  to  praise  her.  none  know  her  but  to  love  her. 

George  Lord,  pioneer  of  1849,  was  born  in  New  York  City  in  1800 
and  lived  until  February  8,  1898,  passing  his  ninety-seventh  anniversary 
Jis  honorary  past  president  of  the  San  Bernardino  Society  of  California 
Pioneers. 

When  a  young  man  he  went  to  Kentucky  where,  in  18.33.  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows  Lodge  and  at  his  death  was  one  of  its 
oldest  members  in  the  United  States.  He  joined  the  Masons  in  1828.  In 
1849,  he  crossed  the  plains  to  Steep  Hollow.  California,  and  went  into 
the  gold  fields.  Returning  to  Iowa  he  married  Miss  Arabella  Singleton. 
In   1851  crossed  the  plains  again  to  California,  arriving  in  San  Bernar- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        699 

dino  in  1852,  where  he  resided  until  his  death.  He  was  long  engaged  in 
ranching  and  was  the  first  to  produce  marketable  raisins,  made  from 
muscat  grapes. 

He  was  the  first  president  of  the  Pioneer  Society  and  held  the  office 
several  terms  as  long  as  the  members  could  prevail  on  him  to  retain 
the  office.  When  he  finally  insisted  on  a  successor  being  elected,  the 
office  of  honorary  past  president  was  created  for  him  as  long  as  he  lived 
to  cease  at  his  death.  He  enjoyed  this  mark  of  respect  for  him  by  every- 
body. He  guided  the  Pioneer  Society  with  a  steady  and  kindly  hand, 
genial,  kind-hearted,  upright  in  all  the  relations  of  life.  Intensely  patri- 
otic, a  champion  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  the  Union  and  Freedom.  Presi- 
dent of  the  Union  League  during  the  Rebellion  ;  with  those  other  patriots, 
John  Brown,  Sr.,  William  Heap,  Moses  Martin,  J.  D.  Potter,  Joseph 
Sawyer,  J.  W.  Wilson,  Mrs.  Highmore  and  Mrs.  IBlackburn,  they  cam- 
paigned the  county  and  carried  the  day  for  Abraham  Lincoln,  an  honor 
they  and  their  children  may  well  be  proud  of  as  loyal  x"\merican  citizens. 

George  Arnold  Atwood — Men  are  known  by  their  deeds,  and 
George  Arnold  Atwood,  of  San  Bernardino,  has  etched  his  upon  the 
face  of  nature,  where  they  will  remain  for  men  to  read  for  all  time  to 
come,  for  he  was  the  pioneer  farmer  of  the  Yucaipa  Valley  and  organ- 
izer of  the  forces  which  have  poured  the  life  giving  waters  upon  its 
land.  He  has  not  made  "two  blades  of  grass  to  grow  where  there 
was  but  one,"  but  millions  where  there  was  none.  To  such  a  man  all 
mankind  is  indebted. 

Mr.  Atwood,  like  many  others,  had  the  advantage  of  early  resi- 
dence in  California,  but  he  was  a  man  who  could  make  himself  mas- 
ter of  circumstances  and  act  on  his  own  and  who  had  the  gift  of  or- 
ganization. He  was  capable  of  fully  appreciating  the  potentialities 
lying  in  the  union  of  arid  lands  and  water,  and  he  set  himself  to  the 
arduous  task  of  fostering  and  promoting  that  union.  Today  the  beau- 
tiful, fruitful  green  valley  testifies  to  his  100  per  cent  success. 

The  life  record  of  Mr.  Atwood  gives  Iowa  as  his  native  state  and 
his  birthplace  as  Harrison  County.  He  is  the  son  of  Danford  and 
Jane  (Garner)  Atwood,  his  father  being  a  native  of  Connecticut  and 
his  mother  of  Ilhnois.  They  are  both  of  Revolutionary  siock  and 
English  descent.  They  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1860,  with  the 
customary  ox  teams,  and  followed  the  occupation  of  farming,  acquir- 
ing a  farm  near  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Atwood  died  there  in  1803,  but 
his  widow  is  still  living  in  San  Bernardino,  having  at  this  writing 
(1922)  reached  the  age  of  ninety  years. 

George  Arnold  Atwood  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San 
Bernardino  and  when  through  school  life  he  worked  on  the  home 
ranch  with  his  father.  Those  were  exciting  days,  and  he  soon  left 
the  ranch  to  commence  life  for  himself.  He  went  to  Pioche,  Nevada, 
where  boom  mining  was  going  on.  He  took  a  contract  to  supply 
timbers  for  mining  tunnels,  cutting,  trimming  and  then  hauling  twen- 
ty miles  to  the  mines.  He  remained  there  through  the  summer  of 
1872,  but  in  winter  went  to  Salt  Lake.  From  there  he  went  to  San 
Francisco  on  the  Union  Pacific,  thence  by  boat  to  Los  Angeles,  and 
to  San  Bernardino  by  stage. 

Mr.  Atwood  next  took  u])  the  cattle  business  and  went  to  Utah, 
where  he  purchased  three  hundred  and  fifty  head  of  cattle  which  he 
brought  down  across  the  desert  to  San  Bernardino.  He  sold  these 
cattle,  which  were  sent  to  Northern  California.  Mr.  Atwood  next 
purchased  the  first  header  ever  brought  into  the  valley  and  went  out 


700         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

harvesting  grain  through  the  county  during  the  season.  He  followed 
this  occupation  for  some  time,  but  when  the  Southern  Pacific  built 
its  line  here  he  went  to  Banning  and  Beaumont  to  go  into  the  wood 
business,  furnishing  wood  for  the  road  builders  for  several  months. 
It  is  worthy  of  note  that  he  was  always  seeking  new  fields  and  al- 
ways pioneering  in  some  line,  and  always  his  own  master. 

In  1884  he  went  to  Yucaipa  Valley,  taking  with  him  twelve  six- 
mule  teams,  and  at  once  put  in  one  thousand  acres  of  wheat,  the  first 
farming  ever  done  in  the  valley.  The  land  he  planted  on  was  owned 
by  the  Houghton  estate  of  San  Francisco,  which  he  kept  on  farming, 
there  being  in  the  entire  holding  of  the  estate  five  thousand  acres. 
Mr.  Atwood  commenced  handling  the  property  in  a  general  way,  sub- 
letting to  others  until  1910.  In  this  year  the  Redlands  &  Yucaipa 
Land  Compan}-  was  organized  as  the  result  of  his  pioneer  work.  Of 
this  company  he  was,  of  course,  a  member,  and  the  company  not  only 
purchased  the  five  thousand  acres  he  had  been  handling  but  also  the 
Dunlap  ranch,  consisting  of  three  thousand,  eight  hundred  and  forty 
acres,  the  North  Branch  property  of  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
forty  acres,  together  with  other  properties  which  brought  the  total 
acreage  up  to  ten  thousand  five  hundred  acres.  Mr.  Atwood  was 
then  made  a  director  in  the  company  and  its  general  manager,  which 
position  he  has  held  ever  since. 

Since  that  time,  under  his  management,  the  company  has  laid 
eighty  miles  of  steel  riveted  water  pipe  for  irrigation  purposes,  it  has 
built  fifty  miles  of  wagon  road  and  has  developed  water  by  running 
tunnels,  sinking  wells  and  installing  pumps.  In  this  manner  enough 
water  has  been  secured  to  cover  the  entire  tract  with  it.  There  is 
now  planted  in  the  valley  about  six  thousand  acres  of  deciduous 
fruits,  mainly  apples  and  pears.  Those  which  have  come  into  bear- 
ing have  proven  the  value  of  their  planting,  for  they  are  well  sized,  of 
delicious  flavor  and  luxuriant  growth. 

Mr.  Atwood's  company  has  built  one  reservoir  with  a  capacity  of 
forty  million  gallons  of  water,  four  cement  reservoirs  with  a  capacity 
of  four  million  gallons  of  water,  and  a  number  of  other  smaller  ones. 
In  this  way  they  have  installed  what  is  conceded  by  engineers  to  be 
one  of  the  most  complete  water  systems  of  the  South. 

Mr.  Atwood  also  owns  the  Casa  Blancha  ranch  of  two  hundred 
and  sixt}'  acres,  and  has  large  interests  in  various  places. 

He  married  in  January,  1886,  Miss  Alice  Frederick,  a  native  of 
Ohio  and  a  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Aaron  Frederick,  of  San  Ber- 
nardino. They  have  one  child,  Leon  A.  Atwood,  of  San  Bernardino. 
G.  A.  Atwood  is  a  republican  in  politics.  He  was  appointed  di- 
rector of  the  Sixth  Agricultural  District  by  Governor  H.  H.  Mark- 
ham,  and  has  been  reappointed  several  times.  He  is  a  member  of 
San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  290,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  having  joined  it  in  1881. 
He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  Tri-County  Registration 
Committee,  which  was  organized  in  January,  1906,  and  at  that  time 
was  president  of  the  San  Bernardino  Board  of  Trade.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Atwood  are  members  of  the  First  Congregational  Church  of  San 
Bernardino. 

Israel  Coleman  Curtis — The  history  of  San  Bernardino  cannot  be 
fully  written  without  some  mention  of  the  spirit  of  lawlessness  that 
pervaded  a  part  of  the  community  in  the  early  days.  There  were  many 
noble  law  abiding  citizens,  but  there  were  also  those  who  were  wild, 
reckless  and  law-breaking.     In  the  center  of  town  every  other  place 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         701 

fif  I)iisincss  was  a  saloon,  gambling  was  carried  on  openly  day  and 
night,  fighting  and  other  forms  of  vice  were  common  and  crimes 
were  frequent. 

Into  these  scenes  of  immorality  and  crime  came  a  man  to  rebuke 
vice  and  crime,  to  preach  righteousness  and  obedience  to  law  both 
civil  and  divine.  This  man  was  Israel  Coleman  Curtis.  He  and  his 
family  had  taken  the  long  perilous  journey  across  the  plains  with  ox 
and  mule  teams.  They  w^ere  seven  months  and  seven  days  spanning 
more  than  half  the  continent  from  Iowa  to  California.  That  was  in 
1864,  and  ever  since  then  Mr.  Curtis  or  some  of  his  descendants  have 
been  fighting  vice  and  crime  in  San  Bernardino  and  advocating  mor- 
ality, justice,  law  and  religion. 

Mr.  Curtis  was  both  a  lawyer  and  a  minister  of  the  Gospel.  He 
preached  the  scriptures  in  which  he  sincerely  believed,  yet  he  knew 
that  many  in  the  community  never  entered  a  church,  and  to  these  his 
message  came  by  his  example.  On  the  street  and  in  the  court-room 
men  and  women  felt  the  high  principles  and  the  moral  influence  of 
his  daily  life.  Therefore  a  sketch  of  this  man's  life  must  prove  in- 
teresting. 

Mr.  Curtis  was  born  near  Fort  Adams,  W'ilkinson  County,  Missis- 
sippi, and  lived  in  that  state  until  he  reached  manhood.  His  father 
and  paternal  grandfather  were  both  named  William  Curtis.  His 
mother  was  Mary  Barfield,  to  whom  his  father  was  united  in  marriage 
in  1797.  They  had  six  children,  of  whom  the  youngest  was  Israel. 
His  father's  uncle,  Richard  Curtis,  was  the  first  Baptist  minister  to 
preach  the  doctrines  of  that  faith  in  the  State  of  Mississippi. 

Religious  influences  surrounded  the  boy  from  his  youth  up,  but 
it  was  not  until  1843  that  he  became  a  member  of  the  church  in  the 
doctrines  of  which  he  had  been  reared.  He  had  the  advantage  of 
schools  in  common  with  children  of  other  planters,  but  a  fervent  desire 
for  a  more  extended  course  in  education  was  early  implanted.  His 
father  died  in  1833,  and  after  partly  settling  his  estate  Israel  entered 
Miami  University,  Ohio,  with  a  view  of  preparing  for  the  law.  Be- 
fore completing  the  course  complications  in  his  father's  estate  required 
him  to  leave  college  and  return  to  Mississippi. 

In  1837  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Lucy  M.  Holman,  daughter 
of  Jesse  L.  Holman,  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Indiana.  Mr. 
Curtis  was  then  living  in  Aurora,  Indiana.  He  was  a  merchant,  but 
lost  the  greatest  part  of  his  property  in  the  financial  crises  that  swept 
the  country  in  1837  and  the  next  few  years.  It  was  then  that  he 
turned  to  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841.  Be- 
lieving that  a  new  country  offered  greater  opportunities  for  rebuilding 
his  fortune  Mr.  Curtis,  in  1844,  removed  to  Iowa  and  settled  on  the 
Des  Moines  River,  near  Pella.  For  several  years  he  devoted  himself 
to  farming  but  in  1851  he  was  ordained  as  a  minister  of  the  Baptist 
Church,  and  by  his  talents  and  devotion  soon  became  a  leader  in  this 
denomination.  He  was  the  organizer  of  manj^  churches  both  in 
Iowa  and  subsequently  in  California.  He  w-as  the  moderator  of  the 
Oskaloosa  Baptist  Association  for  seven  consecutive  years,  and  held 
the  same  office  in  the  Los  Angeles  Association  four  years.  The  First 
Baptist  Church  of  San  Bernardino  was  organized  by  him  and  he  be- 
came its  first  pastor.  Believing  that  the  church  could  not  attain 
the  highest  success  unless  aided  by  institutions  of  advanced  learning, 
he  was  largely  instrumental  in  the  founding  of  Central  University 
at  Pella,  Iowa.  He  drew  its  charter,  became  its  agent  for  six  years 
and  gave  liberally  of  his  time  and  means  to  its  advancement. 


702         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Curtis  was  equally  successful  in  the  law  as  in  the  ministry, 
lie  was  a  good  logical  and  persuasive  speaker.  Of  Southern  birth 
and  breeding,  he  was  courteous  and  hospitable.  lie  ever  sought  to  be 
and  to  do  right.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  convictions  and  of  resolute 
will.  Once  convinced  of  the  justice  of  his  cause  he  went  forward 
with  great  firmness.  He  believed  it  the  duty  of  every  citizen  to  take 
an  active  interest  in  the  government,  and  that  particularly  the  reli- 
gious element  should  aid  in  purifying  politics.  With  this  end  in  view 
he  was  elected  district  attorney  of  Marion  County,  Iowa,  and  repre- 
sented the  same  county  in  the  legislature  from  1857  to  1860.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  legislative  committee  whose  work  culminated  in  the 
adoption  of  the  state  code  of  laws. 

In  1864  Mr.  Curtis  with  a  few  friends  resolved  to  migrate  to  Cali- 
fornia. No  railway  spanned  the  continent,  the  long  wearisome  journey 
must  be  made  with  teams.  Innumerable  dangers  confronted  the 
little  caravan.  It  was  attacked  twice  by  Indians ;  their  stock  died,  their 
food  became  exhausted  and  starvation  threatened  them.  But  at  last 
the  travelers  found  rest  in  San  Bernardino.  Here  Mr.  Curtis  lived 
until  1868,  and  then  removed  to  Los  Angeles  Count)'  where  he  died 
October  3,  1883.  respected  and  loved  by  all  who  knew  him. 

Lucy  Mildred  Curtis,  wife  of  Israel  Coleman  Curtis,  was  born  at 
Veraestau,  near  Aurora,  Indiana,  Maj'  4,  1819.  Veraestau,  the  beauti- 
ful county  seat  of  the  family,  was  built  on  a  high  blufif  overlooking 
the  Ohio  River.  Across  the  stream  is  Kentucky,  a  few  miles  north  and 
within  sight  of  Veraestau  is  the  State  of  Ohio. 

Her  father  and  mother  were  natives  of  Kentucky.  Her  maternal 
grandfather,  Richard  M.  Masterson,  was  a  prominent  lawyer  and  a 
distinguished  judge.  Her  own  father,  Jesse  L.  Holman,  was  a  student 
of  law  under  Henry  Clay.  After  removing  to  Indiana  Mr.  Holman 
was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  fourteen  years  and  later  served 
as  United  States  District  judge  by  appointment  of  Andrew  Jackson, 
whom  he  personally  knew.  Mrs.  Curtis'  brother,  the  late  William  S. 
Holman,  was  a  member  of  Congress  thirty-three  years  and  served 
his  nation  more  than  half  a  century. 

In  1837  Mrs.  Curtis  was  married  to  Israel  C.  Curtis,  and  from 
this  union  ten  children  were  born,  five  sons  and  five  daughters.  All 
of  these  were  of  age  before  their  father  died.  Two  of  the  sons,  the 
Hon.  W.  J.  Curtis  and  R.  H.  Curtis,  Esq.,  still  reside  in  San  Bernardino. 

Mrs.  Curtis  was  a  pioneer  of  two  states,  Iowa  and  California.  Iowa 
was  still  a  territory  when,  in  1844,  she  with  her  husband  and  their 
three  children  settled  on  the  Des  Moines  River.  The  land  was  little 
more  than  a  wilderness.  We  look  back  in  wonder  at  the  handicaps  and 
the  dangers  confronting  these  lonely  settlers.  Fever  attacked  every 
member  of  the  family.  During  their  absence  at  church  their  house 
with  all  its  contents  burned  to  the  ground.  It  was  more  than  a  hun- 
dred miles  to  the  nearest  flour-mill.  Savage  wolves  abounded  in  the 
forests,  and  untamed  Indians  occasionally  visited  the  little  settle- 
ment. Yet  over  these  dangers  and  difficulties,  and  many  others,  the 
family  triumphed  and  to  the  splendid  courage  and  devotion  of  Mrs. 
Curtis  much  of  the  credit  must  be  attributed. 

After  living  in  Iowa  twenty  years.  Mrs.  Curtis  again  turned  her 
face  to  the  great  West,  and  with  her  husband  and  all  their  children 
then  born  set  out  for  California.  Some  mention  has  been  made  in  the 
sketch  of  the  life  of  Israel  C.  Curtis  of  the  dangers  and  difficulties 
they  encountered  on  that  journey  and  need  not  be  repeated.     Mrs. 


SAi\  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         703 

Curtis  in  girlhood  united  with  the  Baptist  Church  and  was  a  faithful 
and  consistent  member  during  the  rest  of  her  life.  She  attended  divine 
services  regularly.  Even  when  age  had  dulled  her  sense  of  hearing 
she  still  went  to  church.  She  could  hear  the  songs  and  now  and  then 
catch  a  word  from  the  Bible,  and  from  her  well-stored  memory  she 
could  complete  the  verse  containing  the  word. 

Mrs.  Curtis  was  a  constant  reader  of  good  literature;  her  taste  and 
reading  were  of  a  wide  and  varied  character.  In  addition  to  the 
scriptures,  history,  biography,  travels,  the  best  fiction  and  poetry 
afforded  her  occupation  and  delight.  Her  splendid  memory  retained 
much  that  she  read.  Poetry  was  a  source  of  the  highest  pleasure. 
After  she  had  passed  her  ninetieth  year  she  repeated  poems  of  con- 
siderable length  which  she  had  learned  in  childhood.  For  months 
though  very  aged  and  not  very  strong  she  went  regularly  to  read 
the  Bible  and  other  literature  to  a  poor,  lonely,  blind  woman,  and 
so  far  as  lay  in  her  power  Airs.  Curtis  visited  the  sick,  relieved  the 
needy  and  comforted  the  sorrowing.  Her  chief  characteristic  was  a 
spirit  of  forgiveness.  She  ever  sought  to  shield  the  erring  from 
punishment ;  to  forgive  though  you  erred  seventy  times  seven.  While 
her  life  was  centered  in  her  children  and  home,  her  love  was  not 
confined  to  her  own  household.  All  humanity  with  whom  she  came  in  con- 
tact interested  and  awakened  her  sympathy.  Over  all  her  accomplish- 
ments was  thrown  the  mantle  of  a  sincere  love  which  made  of  every 
acquaintance  a  friend.  The  close  of  her  long,  beautiful  life  of  more 
than  ninety-three  years  on  earth  came  painless  and  peaceful  June  7, 
1912.  She  left  surviving  her  seven  children,  sixteen  grandchildren 
and  thirteen  great-  grand  children. 

W.  J.  Curtis  is  one  of  the  men  now  living  who  helped  to  make  San 
Bernardino  the  attractive  and  beautiful  city  and  busy  business  center 
that  it  now  is.  He  settled  here  in  1864.  He  has  seen  it  grow  from 
a  struggling  village  of  cheap  and  unattractive  buildings  and  a  few 
hundred  inhabitants  with  but  two  small  school  houses,  no  churches 
or  public  buildings  to  a  city  of  more  than  20,000  people,  with  beauti- 
ful homes,  large  business  houses,  splendid  school  houses,  fine  churches, 
commodious  public  buildings  and  all  the  conveniences  and  luxuries 
of  modern  civilization. 

For  more  than  fifty  years  Mr.  Curtis  has  watched  with  interest  and 
pride  the  growth  and  upbuilding  of  this  city,  and  most  of  that  time 
he  was  an  active  and  busy  worker  in  and  about  the  city,  first  as  a 
teacher  in  the  public  schools,  second  as  a  small  farmer,  third  as  a 
practicing  lawyer,  and  fourth  as  an  orange  grower  and  shipper.  He 
is  the  oldest  son  of  Hon.  Israel  C.  Curtis  and  Lucy  M.  Curtis.  His 
father  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  bar  of  Marion  County,  Iowa, 
for  many  years  and  represented  that  county  in  the  State  Legislature 
several  terms.  His  mother  was  the  daughter  of  Hon.  Jesse  L.  Hol- 
man,  one  of  the  early  justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Indiana,  and  a 
sister  of  the  late  Hon.  William  S.  Holman,  who  for  more  than  thirty 
years  was  a  member  of  Congress  from  that  state.  After  Judge  Hol- 
man had  served  as  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  in  1834  President 
Jackson  appointed  him  judge  of  the  United  States  District  Court 
of  Indiana,  in  which  he  served  until  his  death  at  Veraestau  in  1842. 
He  presided  over  the  first  Bankruptcy  Court  held  in  the  United 
States.  The  court  was  held  in  the  Baptist  Church  at  Aurora,  Indi- 
ana, and  during  its  session  was  attended  by  insolvent  debtors  all 
over  the  (then)  western  country. 


704         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Curtis  was  born  on  a  farm  called  Vcracstau,  situated  on  a 
high  hill  on  the  Ohio  River  near  Aurora,  Indiana,  on  August  2, 
1838.  Six  years  later  he  moved  with  his  father's  family  to  the 
territory  of  Iowa,  settling  near  what  is  now  the  City  of  Pella.  He 
lived  on  a  farm  until  he  was  sixteen  years  old.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools  and  Central  College  at  Pella,  Iowa,  after  which 
he  taught  school  for  a  part  of  three  years  in  Iowa,  and  then  began 
the  study  of  law  in  his  father's  office.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Iowa  in  1863  and  immediately  became  a  partner  of  his  father. 
In  1864  he  crossed  the  plains  with  oxen  and  mule  teams,  came  to 
California  and  settled  in  San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  lived  ever 
since. 

Here  he  taught  school  for  several  years,  and  after  reviewing  his 
law  studies,  in  January,  1872,  began  the  practice  of  law  as  a  partner 
of  Judge  A.  D.  Boren,  who  had  been  county  judge  fourteen  years. 
In  1873  Mr.  Curtis  was  elected  district  attorney  and  re-elected  in 
1875.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Cali- 
fornia in  1878  and  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  in  1888. 
In  1890  he  was  nominated  by  the  democratic  party  for  Congress,  but 
was  defeated  by  Hon.  W.  W.  Bowers,  of  San  Diego. 

He  served  several  years  as  president  of  the  Board  of  Education 
of  the  City  of  San  Bernadino,  and  more  than  twenty-five  years  as 
president  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Bar  Association.  In  1915 
he  resigned  the  presidency  of  the  Bar  Association,  and  the  Los 
Angeles  Daily  Journal  of  December  15,  1915,  published  the  following 
account  of  the  action  of  the  Bar  Association  accepting  his  resigna- 
tion. 

"A  much-deserved  compliment  was  recently  paid  W.  J.  Curtis, 
one  of  the  leading  attorneys  of  the  city  of  San  Bernardino  and  a  man 
prominent  and  in  high  rank  in  the  legal  world  of  the  state.  Mr. 
Curtis  has  for  over  a  quarter  of  a  century  been  president  of  the  San 
Bernardino  Bar  Association,  an  organization  which  has  included  and 
yet  includes  in  its  membership  some  of  the  ablest  lawyers  in  the 
State  of  California.  Having  because  of  accumulating  years  retired 
from  the  active  practice  of  the  law  and  desiring  still  further  to  assure 
himself  of  the  quietude  of  complete  severance  from  the  cares  of  pro- 
fessional life,  Mr.  Curtis  recently  resigned  the  presidency  of  the 
Association  referred  to  and  was  succeeded  in  the  position  by  the  Hon. 
John  L.  Campbell,  former  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  San  Ber- 
nardino County.  A  meeting  of  the  San  Bernardino  Bar  Association 
following  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Curtis  as  its  president  was  made  the 
occasion  for  a  demonstration  of  the  deep  respect  and  high  esteem 
in  which  he  is  held  by  the  Bench  and  Bar  of  his  County.  The  fol- 
lowing resolutions  were  adopted : 

"Resolved :  That  the  San  Bernardino  Bar  Association  do,  and 
it  hereby  does,  extend  to  W.  J.  Curtis,  the  president  of  this  asso- 
ciation for  28  years,  its  thanks  and  appreciation  for  the  able  and 
impartial  manner  in  which  he  has  presided  over  this  body.  We  love 
and  respect  him  for  his  integrity  and  ability  as  a  lawyer  of  more 
than  40  years'  standing  at  the  bar  of  this  county  and  state,  and  in 
retiring  from  the  presidency  of  this  association  we  extend  to  him  our 
best  wishes  for  a  long  and  pleasant  life  in  his  retirement  and  hope 
that  he  will  honor  us  with  his  presence  in  all  our  future  meetings. 
We  emphatically  insist  that  as  in  the  past,  he  be  present  when  we 
wine  and  dine  to  recount  again  in  his  inimitable  manner  the  stories, 
pathetic  or  ludicrous,  of  his  experiences  as  a  member  of  this   bar. 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES         703 

We  refuse  to  say  farewell  to  him,  and  hope  to  profit  by  his  counsel 
in  the  future  as  in  the  past." 

Commenting  on  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Curtis  the  San  Bernardino 
Daily  Sun  of  Dec.   12,  feelingly  and  appro])riately  says: 

"Touching  scenes  yesterday  marked  the  formal  retirement  of  W.  J. 
Curtis  from  the  presidency  of  the  San  Bernardino  Bar  Association, 
after  28  years  as  the  head  of  the  organization.  He  had  requested 
several  months  ago  that  another  and  younger  man  be  named  to  direct 
the  association. 

"Mr.  Curtis  had  not  yet  reached  the  meeting  when  the  resolutions 
of  love  and  respect,  adopted  in  honor  of  the  veteran  attorney,  were 
read  and  adopted  amid  deep  feeling  on  the  part  of  the  assemblage. 

"Shortly  after  the  resolutions  had  been  read,  Mr.  Curtis  entered 
the  court  room  and  the  attorneys  greeted  his  arrival  with  a  burst  of 
applause. 

"To  become  a  permanent  record  of  the  county  in  which  Mr.  Curtis 
has  been  one  of  its  most  prominent  and  useful  citizens  for  more  than 
a  half  century,  the  resolution  of  the  bar  association  on  Monday,  as 
the  superior  court  sits  en  banc,  will  be  presented  in  open  court  and 
ordered  by  the  jurists  spread  upon  the  minutes  of  the  court  there 
to  be  ])erpetuated  forever." 

Mr.  Curtis  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  National  Conven- 
tion that  re-nominated  Woodrow  Wilson  for  President  in  1916. 

In  1861  Mr.  Curtis  married  Frances  S.  Cowles,  of  Delaware,  Ohio. 
They  had  six  children,  three  of  whom,  Holman  C.  Curtis,  Judge 
Jesse  W.  Curtis  and  Harriet  M.  Curtis,  are  now  living.  In  addition 
to  being  grandfather,  he  is  a  great-grandfather,  the  two  little  daughters 
of  Captain  Merritt  Barton  Curtis,  U.  S.  Marines,  now  stationed  at 
Port  Au  Prince,  Haiti,  being  his  great-grandchildren. 

He  has  been  associated  at  different  times  in  the  practices  of  his 
profession  in  California  with  Judge  A.  D.  Boren,  Judge  Horace  C. 
Rolfe,  John  Brown,  Jr.,  Esq.,  Hon.  John  W.  Satterwhite,  Judge 
George  E.  Otis,  Henry  Conner,  Esq.,  Judge  Frank  F.  Oster  and 
Judge  Jesse  W.  Curtis. 

In  1908  Mr.  Curtis,  being  then  seventy  years  of  age,  retired  from 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  is  and  has  been  for  almost  twentv- 
five  years  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Society  of  California 
Pioneers.  He  is,  and  has  been  a  director  of  the  San  Bernardino 
County  Savings  Bank  ever  since  its  organization. 

Jesse  William  Curtis,  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  San  Ber- 
nardino County,  was  born  in  the  City  of  San  Bernardino  on  the  18th 
day  of  July,  1865.  His  father  is  W.  J.  Curtis,  and  his  mother  was 
Frances  S.  Cow-les  Curtis.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  San  Bernardino  and  the  University  of  Southern  California,  from 
which  he  graduated  in  1887,  and  in  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1891. 

He  comes  from  a  long  line  of  lawyers.  His  father,  W.  J.  Curtis, 
and  both  of  his  grandfathers,  I.  C.  Curtis  and  Leonard  H.  Cowles, 
were  lawyers,  and  one  of  his  great-grandfathers,  Judge  Jesse  L. 
Holman,  was  on  the  Supreme  Bench  of  Indiana  for  about  fifteen 
years  and  thereafter  was  appointed  by  President  Andrew  Jackson, 
United  States  district  judge,  which  position  he  held  until  his  death 
in  1842.  Judge  Curtis  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Michigan  in 
1891  and  in  California  the  same  year  and  become  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  Curtis,   Oster  and   Curtis,  and  continued   a   member  of   this 


706         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

firm  until  1896,  when  Mr.  Oster  was  elected  Superior  Judge  and 
withdrew  from  the  firm,  which  was  thereafter  known  as  Curtis  & 
Curtis.  In  1908,  W.  J.  Curtis  retired  from  practice  and  J.  W.  Curtis 
and  Hon.  S.  W.  McNabb  became  partners  under  the  firm  name  of 
Curtis  &  McNabb.  This  partnership  continued  until  1914,  when  Mr. 
Curtis  was  elected  Superior  Judge  of  the  County  of  San  Bernardino 
for  the  term  of  six  years.  In  1920  he  was  re-elected,  having  received 
the  greatest  number  of  votes  of  any  candidate  running  for  office  at 
that  election.  From  1899  to  1903  Mr.  Curtis  served  as  district  attorney 
of  San  Bernardino  County.  He  also  served  one  term  as  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Education  of  the  City  of  San  Bernardino.  During  the 
recent  war  with  Germany  he  found  time  in  addition  to  discharging 
his  duties  as  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  to  serve  as  chairman  of 
the'  County  Council  for  Defense  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Judge 
Curtis  is  a  democrat  and  a  great  admirer  of  Ex-President  Wilson. 

Judge  Curtis  is  deeply  interested  in  everything  connected  with 
the  city,  takes  an  active  part  in  business  and  social  affairs,  and  for 
six  years  has  been  president  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  for  twenty-five 
years  has  been  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School  of  the  Baptist 
Church.  He  is  a  director  of  the  San  Bernardino  National  Bank, 
president  of  the  West  Highland  Citrus  Association,  president  of  the 
West  Highland  Water  Company,  and  a  trustee  of  the  University  of 
Redlands.  He  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  and  State 
Bar  Associations,  is  a  Mason  and  a  Native  Son.  Besides  attending 
to  his  duties  as  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  he  is  a  successful  orange 
grower. 

In  1892  Judge  Curtis  married  Ida  L.  Seymour,  daughter  of  Ex- 
Senator  E.  C.  Seymour  and  Martha  M.  Seymour,  of  Highlands. 
Senator  Seymour  is  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  war  and  an  orange  grower. 

The  Judge  and  Mrs.  Curtis  have  three  children:  Margaret,  now 
a  chemist  in  the  Boston  City  Hospital,  Jesse  W.,  a  sophomore  in 
the  high  school,  and  Helen  Seymour,  a  student  in  the  Junior  High 
School. 

John  Charles  Ralphs  is  by  birth  an  almost  Calif ornian  and  by  his 
life  a  real  one,  for  he  was  born  when  his  parents  were  on  the  way  to 
California  and  he  has  spent  his  more  than  worth-while  life  in  San 
Bernardino.  Here  he  was  reared,  educated  and  married,  and  here 
he  is  now  enjoying  life  in  the  beautiful  home  with  his  wife,  a  home 
now  in  the  heart  of  the  business  district.  Theirs  is  one  of  those  happy 
unions  so  rare  these  days  of  stress  and  change,  they  were  wedded 
when  very  young,  the)'  have  reared  a  fine  large  family,  and  next 
year  they  will  celebrate  their  golden  wedding  day,  the  milestone 
on  life's  journey  so  few,  so  very  few,  ever  attained.  Their  friends 
and  their  children  are  waiting  lovingly  for  that  golden  day  to  dawn 
and  its  celebration  will  be  a  joyous  occasion,  for  those  who  have  the 
happiness  to  be  one  of  their  large  circle  of  friends  and  for  the  chil- 
dren and  the  grandchildren,  nearly  all  of  whom  are  living  in  San 
Bernardino. 

After  the  strenuous  life  of  the  pioneer  days  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ralphs 
went  happily  through  all  the  long  years  of  their  wedded  life,  contented 
to  be  together,  just  as  much  the  lovers  as  they  were  nearly  fifty  years 
ago.  Such  lives  are  like  the  hidden  rose  in  the  hedges  throwing  its 
sweet  perfume  on  the  air,  influencing  for  good  all  who  pass  by,  a 
fragrant  memory  ever  afterward.  Hand  in  hand  they  can  look  back 
over  the  years  without  a  regret  and  look  forward  to  many  years  of 


SAN  BERXARDIXO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         707 

hap])incs,s  together  after  that  wonderful  golden  wedding  da)-,  for, 
des))ite,  that,  they  are  not  old  in  years,  just  in  experience,  happiness 
and  love. 

Mr.  Ralphs  is  one  self  made  man  who  can  prove  that  such  men  are 
usually  "the  salt  that  keejjs  civilization  from  decay."  He  was  edu- 
cated entirely  by  private  instruction,  and  he  worked  on  his  father's 
ranch  and  in  his  father's  brick  yard  until  he  was  married,  which  was 
before  he  was  of  age.  Mr.  Ralphs  is  a  man  of  commanding  physique 
and  of  corresponding  strength  and,  like  his  wife,  looks  many  years 
younger  than  he  is.  He  was  born  in  Utah,  October  24,  1852,  while 
his  parents  were  crossing  the  plains  on  the  way  to  the  West.  His 
father  was  Richard  Ralphs,  a  native  of  England,  who  came  to  America 
about  1846.  Here  he  met  the  girl  who  was  to  be  his  wife.  Mary 
Newell,  also  a  native  of  England. 

Richard  Ralphs  was  a  brick  mason  and  a  bricklayer  by  trade,  and 
he  settled  in  Missouri,  but  after  several  years  decided  to  come  out 
West.  So  he  got  together  the  ox  teams  and  necessary  ecjuipment 
and  with  his  wife  started  out.  They  reached  San  Bernardino,  and  he 
at  once  bought  land  and  went  into  farming,  and  also  operated  a 
brick  yard.  He  made  the  first  brick  ever  manufactured  in  that  district, 
and  he  followed  both  occupations,  \\ith  a  side  line  of  contracting, 
until  his  death  in  1878.  They  were  the  parents  of  five  sons  and  three 
daughters,  who  lived  to  manhood  and  womanhood. 

John  Charles  Ralphs,  as  stated  above,  worked  for  his  father  until 
his  marriage,  and  then  he  went  into  the  cattle  business,  next  in  the 
sheep  business  and  later  he  took  up  general  farming,  and  these  three 
lines  have  been  his  life  occupations.  He  married  in  1872  Eunice 
Samantha  Roberts,  a  daughter  of  John  Roberts  and  of  Martha  (Wal- 
pool)  Roberts.  Mrs.  Ralphs  is  a  "Native  Daughter,"  and  was  born  in 
Mendocino  County,  where  her  father  was  a  farmer  and  stock  raiser. 
He  moved  to  San  Bernardino  when  she  was  a  child.  The  date  of  her 
birth  was  March  25,  1854.  They  were  the  parents  of  eight  children : 
Mary  Angeline,  wife  of  Charles  Hugglerath,  of  San  Bernardino,  who 
has  one  child  ;  Martha  Eudora,  wife  of  Charles  Reber,  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, who  has  one  child ;  Richard  Albert,  in  business  in  San 
Bernardino,  married  and  has  two  children  ;  George  Edwin,  a  farmer 
in  San  Bernardino  County;  Eudora  May,  wife  of  Ralph  Guy,  of  San 
Bernardino,  has  one  child  ;  Charles  Benjamin,  a  farmer  in  the  Imperial 
Valley,  married  and  has  three  children;  John  C,  Jr.,  assistant  cashier 
of  the  San  Bernardino  National  Bank,  married  and  has  two  children; 
Dennis  Franklin,  with  the  bank  at  Brawley,  Imperial  Valley,  married 
and  has  one  child. 

Mr.  Ralphs  is  a  strong  republican  and  a  dominant  figure  in  politics. 
In  1893  he  was  elected  city  marshal,  and  he  held  the  position  for  two 
years  and  then  ran  again  but  was  defeated.  He  then  returned  to  his 
farming  operation.  But  he  had  made  too  good  a  record  as  marshal, 
and  in  1903  he  was  elected  sheriflf  of  San  Bernardino  County  and 
served  four  years.  He  was  then  re-elected  and  served  four  years 
more.  But  he  could  not  then  retire  for  he  was  elected  the  third  time 
for  a  term  of  four  years,  a  record  of  service  in  this  ofifice  never  before 
equaled.  Mr.  Ralphs  made  a  wonderful  record  as  sheriff,  being  abso- 
lutely without  fear  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  yet  just  as  fair  in  all 
his  actions,,intolerant  of  crime,  yet  with  sympathies  wide  as  the  world, 
with  a  deep  seated  instinct  for  fair  play,  yet  always  the  "iron  hand 
in  the  velvet  glove."  His  magnificent  physique  and  wonderful  con- 
stitution, built  up  by  the  outdoor  life  he  had  always  led,  made  him 


708         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

with  his  strong  personality,  the  ideal  sheriff  who  figures  in  fiction 
and  moving  picture^s  hut  is  seldom  "met  up  with"  in  real  life.  Mr.  Ralphs 
now  owns  tlie  home  ranch  of  30  acres  near  San  Bernardino  and  a  640 
acre  ranch  in  the  Imperial  Valley. 

Samuel  Gary  Evans,  second  of  the  name,  stands  out  among  the  people 
of  the  City  and  County  of  Riverside  and  the  State  of  California  as 
one  of  the  best  types  of  American  manhood.  Equipped  with  all 
social  and  business  qualities,  he  was  more  than  equal  to  the  task 
of  making  a  name  and  fortune  for  himself,  but  the  fortune  was 
his  from  the  threshold  of  life  and  he  added  to  it,  the  rest  he  also 
speedily  won  by  his  own  sterling  merit. 

A  "worthy  son  of  a  worthy  father,"  Samuel  Cary  Evans,  the 
second,  has  more  than  justified  the  gifts  of  fortune  and  added  prestige 
to  the  name  so  long  identified  with  the  history  of  the  County  of 
Riverside.  There  is  scarcely  an  industry  or  enterprise  of  any  mag- 
nitude with  which  Air.  Evans  has  not  been  connected  in  either  a 
business,  civic  or  political  way,  and  in  all  charity  work  he  is  in- 
defatigable, his  purse  ever  open.  By  virtue  of  all  these  activities 
he  wields  an  influence  in  the  life  of  Riverside  as  great  as  it  is  unsolicited. 
By  his  life  all  have  known  him,  for  his  watchword  seems  to  be 
service,  and  yet  more  service.  The  record  of  his  public  spirited 
labors  is  a  long  one,  worthy,  but  difficult  of  emulation. 

Mr.  Evans  was  born  in  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  November  22,  1866, 
the  son  of  Samuel  Cary  Evans.  He  was  educated  in  the  Jackson, 
Illinois,  Business  College  and  the  public  schools  of  Riverside  until 
he  entered  the  University  of  the  Pacific  at  San  Jose,  whence  he 
was  graduated  in  1889.  He  was  also  a  student  in  a  military  school 
for  a  year  and  read  law  for  a  year,  expecting  to  go  to  Harvard,  but 
his  father  met  with  an  accident  and  was  unable  to  do  much  after- 
ward and  the  son  had  to  take  charge,  and  so  he  never  realized  that 
ambition,  though  he  did  manage  to  take  a  year's  trip  around  the 
world.  After  his  graduation  from  the  University  he  returned  to 
Riverside  in  1889  and  took  up  his  life  work,  and  with  his  brother, 
P.  T.  Evans,  assumed  entire  charge  of  his  father's  business,  a  large 
acreage,  three  hundred  in  oranges  and  lemons,  one  hundred  in 
raisin  grapes,  etc. 

Since  then  Mr.  Evans  has  been  doing  general  farming  and  has 
gone  largely  into  cattle  and  general  farming,  having  fifteen  hundred  acres 
in  Riverside  County  devoted  to  the  two  enterprises.  He  has  a  natural 
inclination  toward  the  handling  of  real  estate,  in  which  his  success 
has  been  undeviating.  He  is  also  president  of  the  Riverside  Land 
&  Irrigating  Company,  which  his  father  organized  and  of  which 
he  was  the  first  president. 

Mr.  Evans  has  been  the  logical  and  popular  choice  of  the  republican 
party  for  various  positions,  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  from 
the  Thirty-ninth  Senatorial  District,  Riverside  and  Imperial  counties 
during  1916-21,  the  four  year  term. 

He  was  chosen  as  president  of  the  Freeholders  Charter  Board, 
and  after  the  City  of  Riverside  adopted  a  city  charter  he  was  its 
first  mayor,  served  for  five  years,  and  in  that  period  Riverside  made 
her  greatest  advance  in  real  improvements.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Riverside  County  Highway  Commission  when  the  concrete  roads 
were  built  through  the  county,  for  which  county  bonds  to  the  amount 
of  $125,000  were  issued,  this  work  being  commenced  in  1914.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education  for  twelve  years,  but  has 


# 


SAMUEL  GARY  EVANS 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         709 

refused  for  lack  of  time  many  civic  and  political  positions.  He  has 
spent  time  and  money  in  the  advancement  of  Riverside  and  its  citizens, 
and  among  his  varied  interests  is  the  Settlement  House,  and  he 
donated  the  property  used  for  that  purpose  to  the  city.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  California  League  of  Municipalities  and  usually 
attends  its  meetings  and  in  1910  was  its  president.  He  is  a  republican, 
and  has  served  the  party  as  a  delegate  to  county  and  state  con- 
ventions. 

During  the  World  war,  Mr.  Evans  was  chairman  of  the  Four 
Minute  Men  Committee  of  Riverside  County.  He  worked  early  and 
late  on  all  activities  pertaining  to  the  war  and  accomplished  much 
for  the  cause  of  humanity.  He  was  also  chairman  of  the  Second 
District  Exemption  Board  for  California,  with  headquarters  in  Bakers- 
field. 

He  married  Miss  Mary  Southworth  in  Stockton,  California.  She 
is  the  daughter  of  H.  O.  Southworth,  an  early  settler  in  Stockton. 
They  have  two  sons :  Errol  S.  Evans,  a  graduate  of  Stanford 
University,  is  now  an  electrical  and  mechanical  engineer  for  the 
Standard  Oil  Company.  He  married  Alva  S.  Greenwalt,  of  San 
Jose.  Wayne,  the  younger  son,  is  a  student  in  the  Riverside  High 
School.  The  Evans  family  is  identified  with  the  Congregational 
Church  and  interested  in  all  church  matters.  In  college  Mr.  Evans 
became  a  member  of  the  Phi  Kappa  Psi  fraternity.  He  is  a  Mason 
and  a  Shriner. 

Samuel  Cary  Evans,  the  First,  father  of  Samuel  Cary  Evans,  the 
Second,  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  Riverside,  coming  to  the  city 
in  1874,  and  today  his  memory  is  loved  and  revered  by  its  citizens. 
Special  honor  is  given  to  the  pioneers,  but  Mr.  Evans  was  more  than 
that — he  embodied  progression  itself.  He  was  large  of  soul  and  of 
action,  and  he  had  the  vision  to  see  what  opportunities  had  been 
placed  in  his  hands  and  the  ability  to  use  them  rightly.  He  had  the 
independence  of  spirit,  thought  and  action  admired  by  all  true  men, 
and  as  success  is  the  prerogative  of  valiant  souls  he  won  it,  fairly  and 
squarely.  He  came  to  Riverside  with  a  position  in  life  attained  upon 
which  most  men  would  have  retired,  but  he  at  once  purchased  half 
an  interest  in  10,000  acres  of  land,  much  of  which  is  now  Arlington 
and  Arlington  Heights.  It  was  then  known  as  the  Hartshorn  tract, 
and  Captain  W.  T.  Sayward,  of  San  Francisco,  owned  the  other 
half.  At  once  construction  was  commenced  on  what  is  now  known 
as  the  Lower  Canal,  and  to  develop  water  for  their  acreage  they  had 
to  pay  out  large  sums  of  money.  In  1875  Mr.  Evans  organized  the 
Riverside  Land  &  Irrigating  Company,  and  was  its  president,  hold- 
ing the  position  for  many  years,  and  it  was  this  company  which 
eventually  purchased  the  land  and  water  rights  of  the  Colony  Asso- 
ciation. It  gave  the  company  control  of  the  water  system  of  River- 
side, and  they  extended  and  expanded  in  every  direction  possible. 
Over  1000  acres  were  thus  placed  under  irrigation,  the  irrigation 
which  has  literallj'  given  life  to  Riverside. 

Reading  the  record  of  his  life  it  seems  as  if  it  must  have  re- 
quired a  superman  to  accomplish  all  that  he  accomplished.  Everything 
brought  to  his  attention,  which  he  deemed  worth}^  was  at  once  taken 
up  and  made  successful.  He  was  not  only  president  of  the  Land 
Company  but  also  of  the  Arlington  Railway,  of  the  Loring  Opera 
House,  director  in  the  Riverside  Water  Company,  a  large  stockholder 
in  the  Riverside  Gas  &  Electric  Light  Company,  etc.  And  with  ii 
all  he  found  time  to  engage  largely  in  horticultural  pursuits  and  in 


no        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

all  manner  of  development  work.  He  was  among  the  first  to  put  acreage 
in  oranges  and  lemons  and  grapes.  He  did  not  confine  his  attention 
10  Riverside  City  alone  but  was  interested  throughout  the  county 
and  many  have  cause  to  "Rise  and  call  him  blessed,"  for  he  brought 
them  prosperity.  There  are  many  today  who  count  no  greater 
privilege  than  to  have  been  his  friend.  Mr.  Evans  was  an  aggressive 
and  progressive  republican,  a  dominant  figure  in  the  councils  of  the 
party.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  Riverside  Lodge,  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  was  connected  with  the  Presbyterian 
Church. 

He  was  born  in  Fort  Defiance,  Williams  County,  Ohio,  in  1823, 
son  of  John  Evans,  a  native  of  Kentucky  and  a  well  known  merchant, 
who  went  with  his  parents  to  Fort  Wayne  in  1840.  He  died  in  1845, 
and  all  the  family  and  business  cares  came  upon  his  son  Samuel, 
and  the  son  proved  worthy  of  his  father's  faith  and  trust  in  him. 
When  only  nineteen  he  went  into  business  with  a  brother,  but 
three  years  later  he  disposed  of  his  interests.  In  1855  he  organized 
the  S.  C.  Evans  &  Company,  himself  as  manager.  And  five  years 
later  he  owned  the  business,  disposing  of  it  to  purchase  the  con- 
trolling interest  in  the  Merchant's  National  Bank  of  Fort  Wayne, 
Indiana.  It  took  him  only  ten  years  to  put  this  bank  at  the  head 
of  the  banks  of  its  kind  in  the  state.  He  was  a  vigorous  worker 
for  the  Fort  Wayne  project,  and  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Fort 
Wayne,  Jackson  &  Saginaw  Railroad.  When  he  decided  to  locate 
in  Riverside  Mr.  Evans  closed  all  his  interests  elsewhere  and  trans- 
ferred his  capital  to  California,  one  of  the  best  things  which  ever 
happened  to  Riverside.  Mr.  Evans  had  two  sons,  both  residents  of 
Riverside :  Samuel  Cary  Evans,  second,  and  Pliny  T.  Evans. 

Horace  Porter,  Riverside's  popular  mayor,  is  a  very  unusual  type 
of  public  official.  Up  to  the  beginning  of  America's  participation  in  the 
World  war  he  was  for  many  years  identified  with  the  ministry,  and 
was  pastor  of  a  church  at  Riverside.  In  the  profession  of  the  ministry 
he  laid  special  emphasis  upon  the  constructive  possibilities  of  direct  and 
indirect  service  in  solving  the  problems  of  the  people,  not  only  in  the 
spiritual  sense  but  in  their  social  and  moral  relations.  Thus  Mr.  Porter 
has  always  been  deeply  interested  in  civic  aflfairs,  and  he  possesses  the 
fearlessness,  the  energy  and  the  judgment  required  of  an  executive  munici- 
pal official. 

His  birth  occurred  in  the  historic  city  of  Marietta,  Ohio,  November 
8,  1863.  His  ancestors  were  identified  with  the  original  colony  that 
settled  at  Marietta  in  April,  1788,  this  being  the  first  permanent  settle- 
ment planted  west  and  north  of  the  Ohio  River.  His  ancestors  have 
lived  in  America  from  1625.  One  of  his  Colonial  forefathers  was  Moses 
Porter  of  the  seventeenth  century,  who  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 
said  to  be  the  largest  individual  land  owner  in  America.  He  owned 
land  covering  what  is  now  occupied  by  Salem,  Danvers  and  many  east- 
ern Massachusetts  communities.  Simon  S.  Porter,  father  of  Horace 
Porter,  was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  for  forty  consecutive  years  until 
shortly  before  his  death,  was  jirincipal  of  the  Washington  School  at 
Marietta.  During  the  Civil  war  in  addition  to  his  duties  as  an  educator 
he  engaged  in  special  local  service  for  the  Government 

Reared  and  educated  at  Marietta,  Horace  Porter  attended  public 
schools  and  graduated  from  Marietta  College  in  1886  with  the  degree 
Master  of  Arts.  For  three  years  he  attended  Lane  Theological  Semi- 
nary  at   Cincinnati,    and    immediately   after   his   graduation   went   into 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        711 

a  portion  of  the  new  South,  Alabama,  where  he  organized  several  churches. 
For  three  years  he  was  pastor  of  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church  at 
Decatur.  He  organized  that  church,  secured  the  land,  superintended 
the  building,  collected  money,  and  acted  the  part  of  janitor  as  well  as 
preacher. 

On  leaving  Alabama  in  1892  Mr.  Porter  removed  to  Brooklyn,  New 
York,  to  become  an  associate  of  Dr.  Lyman  Abbott  in  Plymouth  Church. 
For  a  time  he  had  charge  of  the  Bethel  Mission  and  later  of  the  May- 
flower Mission  of  that  church,  and  then  was  associated  with  Dr.  Abbott 
in  the  pastorate  of  Plymouth  Church  itself.  Almost  daily  for  nearly 
eight  years  he  was  co-worker  with  that  distinguished  American  preacher 
and  thinker. 

Following  a  severe  accident  on  Brooklyn  Bridge  in  1900  Mr.  Porter 
resigned  from  Plymouth  Church  and  spent  the  following  three  years 
recuperating  on  a  farm  at  Southington,  Connecticut.  Following  that 
came  a  period  of  interesting  and  constructive  service  at  Montclair,  New 
Jersey,  where  he  was  associate  pastor  for  Dr.  Amory  Bradford  in  the 
pastorate  of  the  First  Congregational  Church,  and  then  organized  the 
Watchung  Avenue  Congregational  Church  of  Montclair,  and  was  its 
pastor  six  years. 

At  that  time,  on  account  of  the  sudden  and  successive  losses  by  death 
of  his  mother,  father,  wife  and  sister,  Mr.  Porter  came  to  California 
with  his  small  son,  Horace  Shepard  Porter.  For  short  periods  he  lived 
in  Redlands  and  in  Pasadena,  and  in  May,  1909,  came  to  Riverside 
to  accept  the  pastorate  of  the  First  Congregational  Church.  The  present 
handsome  church  edifice  was  erected  during  his  pastorate,  which  con- 
tinued for  eight  years.  He  resigned  soon  after  America  entered  the 
war  to  become  the  organizer  and  chairman  of  the  Red  Cross  for  Riverside 
County.  He  made  a  campaign  through  the  county  and  organized  Red 
Cross  branches  in  practically  every  town,  including  Blythe  in  the  extreme 
eastern  end  of  the  county.  A  portion  of  this  work  was  performed  during 
the  famous  hot  spell  of  June,  1917.  \\'hile  he  was  in  some  of  the 
Central  and  Eastern  territory  the  mercury  went  as  high  as  127  degrees, 
with  a  fierce  sandstorm  blowing  at  the  same  time.  In  spite  of  such  adverse 
climatic  conditions  several  of  the  Red  Cross  Chapters  were  organized 
amidst  the  greatest  public  enthusiasm.  One  of  the  incidents  of  this 
campaign  should  be  told,  partly  as  an  episode  of  war  times  and  also 
as  illustrating  the  determined  and  resourceful  character  of  Mr.  Porter. 
His  meeting  in  one  of  the  central  towns  was  interrupted  by  a  band  of 
"I.  W.  W.'s"  who  cursed  the  country,  the  flag,  and  damned  the  President 
for  letting  the  country  get  into  the  war.  These  intruders  declared  pub- 
licly at  the  meeting  that  if  any  attempt  was  made  to  "plant  them  in 
Europe"  they  would  see  to  it  that  a  number  of  American  citizens  were 
first  "planted  under  American  soil."  On  another  occasion  the  "1.  W.  W.'s" 
attempted  to  break  up  Mr.  Porter's  meeting,  saying  they  did  not  propose 
to  have  any  Red  Cross  in  the  town.  Mr.  Porter  bethought  himself  of  a 
telegram  he  had  in  his  pocket  from  Secretary  Tumulty  saying  that 
President  Wilson  requested  that  all  county  chairmen  of  the  Red  Cross 
push  the  work  of  organization  with  the  utmost  expedition.  Reading 
this  telegram  to  the  audience,  Mr.  Porter  declared  that  the  meeting  was 
called  by  the  President  ot  the  United  States  and  that  any  attempt  to 
break  it  up  would  be  dealt  with  by  the  United  States  Government.  The 
"1.  W.  W.'s"  promptly  withdrew  in  a  body,  and  the  Red  Cross  was 
formally  organized. 

It  was  in  the  fall  of  1917  that  Mr.  Porter  was  elected  mayor  of 
Riverside.     On  taking  office  January   I,   1918,  he  resigned  as  chairman 


712         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  Red  Cross  of  Riverside  County.  He  was  re-elected  for  a  second 
term  as  mayor  in  November,  1920. 

Mayor  Porter  is  a  republican.  He  has  been  deeply  interested  in 
civic  administration  from  the  time  of  his  pastoral  duties  in  Brooklyn, 
where  he  came  to  admire  and  appreciate  the  high-minded  attitude  and 
the  practical  idealism  of  Dr.  Abbott,  whose  splendid  Americanism  might 
safely  be  copied  at  any  and  all  times.  While  in  Brooklyn  his  experience 
with  the  masses  of  the  city  poor  gave  Mr.  Porter  a  clear  vision  of  the 
relationship  between  civic  government  and  the  interests  of  the  people. 
While  there  he  organized  the  Brooklyn  Civic  Association  for  the  study  of 
civic  affairs  of  Brooklyn.  A  large  part  of  his  active  interest  in  politics 
has  been  directed  to  city  administration. 

He  was  also  one  of  the  founders  of  the  famous  "Get  Together  Club" 
of  New  York  City,  a  club  very  similar  to  the  Present  Day  Club  of  River- 
side. This  consisted  of  men  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn  who  were  inter- 
ested in  social  questions.  Their  interests  led  them  on  one  occasion  to  hold 
a  great  meeting  in  "Little  Hungary,"  in  one  of  the  great  popular  saloons 
of  the  metropolis,  where  they  debated  the  temperance  question  with  the 
saloon  men  themselves.  While  at  Montclair,  New  Jersey,  Mr.  Porter 
was  an  active  member  of  the  Civic  Society.  At  the  close  of  the  Spanish- 
American  war  he  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Cuban  Industrial 
Relief  Commission  and  went  to  Cuba  to  help  relieve  the  "Reconcentrado 
Population"  which,  it  will  be  recalled  by  those  familiar  with  the  history 
of  that  time,  was  the  agricultural  people  of  Cuba  whom  Governor  Weyler 
had  impounded  and  reduced  to  starvation. 

During  his  ministerial  work  in  Alabama  Mr.  Porter  was  appointed  by 
President  Clark  of  the  National  Chri.stian  Endeavor  Society  as 
state  superintendent  of  the  society,  and  he  organized  the  first  Christian 
Endeavor  in  Alabama  and  its  first  State  Convention  at  Montgomery.  At 
one  time  he  was  a  trustee  of  Marysville  College  in  Tennessee.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Boys  Military  organization  in  Marietta,  belongs  to 
the  Phi  Gamma  Delta  college  society,  the  Knights  of  Pythias  in  Alabama 
and  the  Masons  in  Brooklyn. 

At  Brooklyn  in  1894  Mr.  Porter  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Shepard,  a 
native  of  that  city.  Her  father  was  Dr.  Charles  H.  Shepard,  a  well 
known  Brooklyn  physician.  Miss  Shepard  was  an  active  member  of 
Plymouth  Church  while  Mr.  Porter  was  its  associate  pastor.  She  died 
at  Montclair,  New  Jer.sey,  in  1907.  Their  one  child,  Horace  Shepard 
Porter,  is  now  a  student  in  the  University  of  CaHfornia.  At  Riverside 
December  29,  1910,  Mr.  Porter  married  Miss  Maude  Chapman,  daughter 
of  D.  P.  Chapman.  Miss  Chapman  was  an  active  member  of  the  First 
Congregational  Church  of  Riverside  while  Mr.  Porter  was  pastor  and  for 
many  years  preceding. 

During  his  two  terms  as  mayor  Mr.  Porter  has  devoted  his  entire 
time  to  the  administration  of  his  office.  In  addition  to  the  many  general 
interests  centering  in  such  an  office  his  work  has  been  in  close  association 
with  the  departments  of  police,  streets,  parks  and  trees,  legislative  and 
executive  work  as  presiding  officer  of  the  City  Council,  the  administra- 
tion of  city  franchises  and  ordinances,  the  presidency  of  the  Board  of 
Health,  and  the  presidency  of  the  Board  of  Public  Utilities.  The  Board 
of  Public  Utilities  is  the  administrative  head  of  the  departments  of 
municipally  owned  water  and  electric  light  and  power. 

For  thirty  years  interested  in  piiblic  ownership  of  public  utilities, 
Mr.  Porter  has  been  .specially  interested  in  problems  of  public  owner- 
ship of  water  and  hydro-electric  power  for  the  City  of  Riverside,  and 
as   closely   allied   with   the   problems   of   such   public   ownership    for    the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         713 

State  of  California,  including  all  cities,  towns  and  farm  districts.  As 
his  term  draws  to  a  close  in  the  winter  of  1921-1922,  Mr.  Porter's  special 
interest  has  been  in  helping  to  formulate  and  place  before  the  people  of 
the  State  the  celebrated  Amendment  known  as  "California's  Water  and 
Power  Act."  For  Mr.  Porter  holds  as  an  absolute  conviction  that  pub- 
lic ownership  of  public  utilities  is  sound  public  policy,  and  the  only  right 
solution  for  the  people.  And  this  especially  in  California,  where,  as 
it  lies  in  the  public  domain  of  the  great  mountains  and  river  systems, 
the  public  owns  these  utilities  in  their  sources,  and  the  people  ought  also 
to  own  and  control  these  utilities  in  their  daily  service  to  the  people 
both  in  the  cities  and  in  the  farming  districts. 

Mr.  Porter  believes  that  the  greatest  single  thing  that  can  be  achieved 
for  the  people  of  California  is  that  the  people  shall  own  these  utilities 
and  have  the  benefit  of  them  at  cost  of  production.  This  the  mayor  con- 
tends will  immensely  minister  to  the  prosperity  and  the  happiness  of  the 
people  of   California. 

Mr.  Porter  has  an  abiding  faith  that  the  people  of  California  will 
appreciate  this  great  opportunity  and  stand  for  the  great  principles  in- 
volved, notwithstanding  the  powerful  interests  that  are  arrayed  against 
public  ownership  of  public  utilities. 

Frank  P.  Wilson.  The  genial  and  efficient  sheriflf  of  Riverside 
County,  Frank  P.  Wilson,  has  safeguarded  the  citizens  for  more  than 
thirty  years,  and  his  has  been  an  administration  of  the  office  that  has 
demanded  and  received  recognition,  just  as  his  filling  of  other  offices 
of  similar  nature  was  recognized.  At  the  polls  his  victory  is  assured 
before  the  election,  and  no  higher  endorsement  could  be  given. 

It  takes  a  man  of  peculiar  ability  to  fill  such  offices,  and  an  officer  of 
the  law  fitted  to  hold  such  an  office  is  almost  as  rare  as  a  "blue  moon." 
Mr.  Wilson  has  the  seventh  sense,  intuition,  and  an  instinctive  recognition 
of  evil  doers.  He  is  just,  gives  every  man  his  chance,  but  any  breakers  of 
the  law  find  the  Sheriff  as  inflexible  as  iron,  the  mailed  fist  very  much 
in  evidence.  In  the  pursuit  of  criminals  he  is  as  untiring  as  a  blood- 
hound, and  they  are  prone  to  remember  this,  as  the  records  of  the  county 
will  show.  Outside  of  his  office  he  is  a  different  man,  genial,  popular 
and  takes  a  living,  kind  interest  in  his  fellow  men.  It  would  be  difficult 
to  name  a  citizen  of  the  county  who  is  better  liked  and  an  official  more 
highly  respected  and  honored. 

Mr.  Wilson  was  born  in  Barry  County,  Michigan,  August  16,  1860, 
his  father  being  the  late  James  Wilson,  and  his  mother,  Hannah  K.  Wil- 
son. James  Wilson  was  a  native  of  Barry  County  also  and  a  farmer  by 
occupation.  When  the  Civil  war  broke  out  he  enlisted  in  1861  as  a 
private  in  Company  I,  Second  Regiment,  Missouri  Cavalry.  He  was 
in  many  battles  and  actively  engaged  until  he  was  killed  by  Morgan's 
Guerillas  in  1862  near  Memphis,  Missouri.  His  widow  took  her  family 
and  went  to  Sterling,  Illinois,  to  live  among  relatives  in  1863. 

Frank  P.  Wilson  went  to  school  and  remained  until  graduated,  when 
he  took  an  additional  course  in  the  Sterling  Business  College  for  a  year. 
He  then  spent  three  years  on  the  farm  near  his  boyhood  home.  He 
decided  to  come  out  West,  to  California,  and  did  so,  settling  in  River- 
side November  19,  1886.  For  a  period  of  two  years  he  engaged  in  car- 
pentry work  and  then  was  elected  constable  and  also  served  as  deputy 
sheriff  of  San  Bernardino  County  before  the  formation  of  Riverside 
County.  He  served  in  this  office  for  five  years,  and  so  efficient  was  his 
work  that  he  was  elected  chief  of  police.  This  office  he  filled  to  the 
satisfaction  of  everyone,  for  twelve  years,  his  courage,  impartiality  and 

Vol.  II— s 


714         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

fitness  for  the  office  giving  him  the  position  of  Sheriff  in  1906  and  he 
took  charge  of  the  office  January  7,  1907.  The  first  term  ended  in  1910, 
but  he  was  re-elected  and  has  held  it  ever  since,  this  being  his  fourth 
term.  While  he  is  a  strong  republican  and  active  in  the  service  of  his 
party,  serving  it  in  county  conventions  as  a  delegate  and  as  a  member 
of  the  Central  Committee,  politics  have  played  no  part  in  the  continued 
tenure  of  the  office.     It  is  the  man,  not  the  party. 

Mr.  Wilson  joined  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  January 
9,  1882,  and  has  been  through  the  chairs  in  the  Subordinate  Lodge,  No. 
282,  and  also  in  the  Encampment.  His  other  fraternal  relations  are 
as  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Lodge  No.  643,  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  of  Elks,  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  F.  and  A.  M.,  and  the  Sons 
of  Veterans. 

He  is  also  a  director  in  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside. 

Mr.  Wilson  married  in  Sterling,  Illinois,  December  19,  1883,  to  Miss 
Lydia  Bressler.  They  became  the  parents  of  two  children.  Maude  is 
the  wife  of  A.  W.  Reynolds,  an  employe  of  the  Gaylor  Rouse  Depart- 
ment Store  of  Riverside  and  they  have  one  child,  Robert,  eleven  years 
of  age  and  attending  school.  James  F.  Wilson  the  second  child  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Wilson,  was  born  in  1890,  and  died  June  17,  1918. 

James  F.  Wilson  was  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  High  School  and 
attended  the  local  business  college.  He  was  employed  by  the  National 
Bank  of  Riverside  for  two  years  and  a  half  and  then  for  the  same  length 
of  time  by  the  Security  Investment  Company  of  Riverside.  It  was  while 
he  was  at  work  at  the  latter  institution  that  the  W^orld  war  broke  out, 
and  he  did  not  wait  for  the  draft  but  enlisted  in  the  regular  army  in 
June  1917.  He  was  in  the  general  infantry  service  at  Fort  McDowell  and 
was  one  of  the  two  sent  from  his  company  to  the  Reserve  Officers  Train- 
ing Camp  at  Camp  Lewis.  He  was  there  about  three  months,  being 
a  sergeant,  when  he  was  taken  ill  and  came  home  to  Riverside  on  a 
furlough  of  a  few  days.  He  returned  to  Fort  McDowell  and  was  there 
ten  days ;  then  was  taken  seriously  ill  with  meningitis  and  taken  to  San 
Francisco.  His  father  brought  him  back  to  Riverside,  but  he  passed  on 
in  thirty  days,  to  be  remembered  and  honored  as  one  of  the  brave  boys 
of  America  who  gave  his  life  for  his  country,  a  hero  and  a  patriot  just 
as  much  as  though  he  had  died  in  the  trenches.  He  gave  to  the  utmost — 
his  young  life. 

William  Grant  Fraser — To  name  some  of  the  out.standing  fea- 
tures of  constructive  development  and  financial  institutions  of  Riverside 
is  to  name  the  large  affairs  with  which  William  Grant  Fraser  has  been 
closely  and  actively  identified  since  coming  to  this  section  of  Southern 
California  thirty  years  ago. 

Known  to  many  as  a  banker,  Mr.  Fraser  brought  to  California  a  wide 
and  thorough  experience  in  banking  aiTairs  gained  during  his  residence 
in  Canada.  He  was  born  near  Inverness,  Scotland,  November  4,  1862. 
His  father,  Hugh  Fraser,  was  a  life-long  resident  of  Scotland,  a  farmer 
by  occupation,  and  a  man  of  prominence  in  his  community.  He  died 
at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-four.  During  his  early  life  in  Scotland 
William  Grant  Fraser  attended  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of  Inver- 
ness, and  also  had  some  of  the  routine  duties  of  the  home  farm.  Leaving 
Scotland,  he  went  to  Canada  in  1882,  and  acquired  his  first  experi- 
ence in  the  banking  business  at  New  Glasgow.  Nova  Scotia.  He  was 
connected  with  several  branches  of  the  bank,  and  finally  was  in  the  head 
offices  of  the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia  at  Halifax. 


J^—r^  /  i^^---^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        715 

When  Mr.  Eraser  came  to  California  in  1887  he  acted  as  cashier  of  the 
bank  at  Elsinore  until  his  removal  to  Riverside  in  1890.  Since  then,  while 
for  many  years  actively  identified  with  banking,  perhaps  the  most  interest- 
ing part  of  his  career  has  been  in  development  and  constructive  lines.  He 
helped  plant  the  first  citrus  trees  on  Arlington  Heights.  About  January, 
1891,  he  became  a  factor  in  the  affairs  of  the  Riverside  Trust  Company, 
Ltd.,  which  had  acquired  from  the  late  Matthew  Gage  the  Gage  canal 
system  together  with  the  Arlington  Heights  land,  consisting  of  about  five 
thousand  acres  and  another  tract  of  about  three  thousand  acres  in  the  San 
Bernardino  valley.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was  accountant  for  the 
Riverside  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  later  was  made  assistant  manager,  and 
in  1900  became  general  manager  of  the  company's  business  in  California. 
From  that  office  he  retired,  after  nineteen  years,  on  October  1,  1919. 
January  1,  1920,  Mr.  Fraser  was  elected  president  of  the  Security  Savings 
Bank  and  vice  president  of  the  Citizens  National  Bank,  after  having  been 
a  director  in  both  institutions  for  a  number  of  years. 

Mr.  Fraser  has  been  president  of  the  Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Ex- 
change since  its  organization  about  eighteen  years  ago.  The  Riverside 
Fruit  Exchange  and  the  Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange  recently  con- 
solidated, under  the  new  title  of  the  Riverside-Arlington  Heights  Fruit 
Exchange,  of  which  Mr.  Fraser  is  still  President.  Since  1900  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Gage  Canal  Company.  For  many  years  he  was  a 
director  and  one  of  the  vice  presidents  of  the  California  Fruit  Growers 
Exchange  and  Fruit  Growers  Supply  Company,  resigning  from  that  board 
after  he  severed  his  connection  with  the  Riverside  Orange  Company,  Ltd., 
which  was  the  successor  of  the  Riverside  Trust  Company,  Ltd.,  and  the 
Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Company.  Mr.  Fraser  is  a  director  of  the 
Riverside  County  Building  and  Loan  Association. 

These  brief  facts  suggest  the  highly  important  role  he  has  played 
in  Riverside  County  for  many  years.  In  politics  he  is  a  republican,  but 
has  had  no  active  part  aside  from  voting.  In  1919  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Education  of  Riverside  City.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  Pioneer  Society,  and  is  a  trustee  of  the 
Calvary  Presbyterian  Church. 

November  21.  1893.  Mr.  Fraser  married  Miss  Helen  Maxwell.  She 
is  a  native  Canadian.  Her  father,  Frank  B.  Maxwell,  had  been  for  thirty 
years  manager  of  the  Cook  Brothers  lumber  interests  at  Toronto.  Their 
two  daughters  were  both  born  at  Riverside.  Misg  Frances  Maxwell 
Fraser  is  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  schools,  is  an  A.  B.  graduate  from 
Vassar  College  and  Columbia  University,  and  is  now  teacher  of  history 
and  mathematics  in  the  Westover  School  for  Girls  at  Middlebury.  Con- 
necticut. Miss  Ruth  Barbara  Fraser.  the  younger  daughter,  is  a  graduate 
of  the  Riverside  schools,  of  Vassar  College  with  the  class  of  1920  and  is 
now  taking  post  graduate  scientific  studies  at  Columbia  University. 

John  T.  Jarvis,  a  well  known  and  well  liked  citizen  of  Riverside,  is 
one  of  the  up  to  date,  live  wires  of  real  estate  dealers,  handling  onlv 
the  very  best  class  of  lands.  He  is  equally  well  known  as  a  citizen 
who  is  always  to  he  found  ready  to  join  any  movement  tending  toward 
civic  improvement,  public  spirited  to  a  high  degree  and  wide-awake 
always  to  be  the  best  interests  of  his  adopted  home.  He  almost  ranks 
with  the  pioneers,  and  to  pursue  an  account  of  his  successful  life  is  to 
be  helped  in  a  practical  wav,  for  Mr.  Jarvis  commenced  life  without 
means  or  position,  and  the  brilliant  success  he  has  gained  financially, 
civically  and  .socially  has  been  attained  only  by  his  own  energy,  in- 
dustry and  wise  judgment.  There  is  not  a  better  judge  of  real  estate 
in  the  state  than  Mr.  Jarvis,  hence  his  clientele. 


716        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Jarvis  was  born  March  10,  1847,  in  Ontario,  Canada,  and  he 
is  a  descendant  of  old  families  prominent  in  many  ways.  He  is  the  son 
of  Jonathan  and  Eliza  (Allen)  Jarvis.  The  education  he  acquired 
inside  the  four  walls  of  schoolhouses  was  very  meager,  comprising 
the  period  of  his  life  from  the  age  of  six  to  thirteen,  and  then,  owing 
to  untoward  circumstances,  he  had  to  engage  in  the  battle  of  life,  a 
battle  that  even  at  that  age  he  had  determined  would  be  a  victory  for 
John  T.  Jarvis. 

He  commenced  that  fight  and  his  business  career  as  an  errand  boy 
in  a  grocery  store,  and  it  was  not  long  before  he  was  behind  the  counter 
and  very  soon  after  that  promotion  he  was  appointed  manager  of  the 
store.  He  remained  in  that  position  until  1869,  when  he  decided  that  the 
future  he  intended  to  gain  did  not  lie  along  mercantile  lines.  So  he 
resigned  and  at  once  went  into  the  dairy  business  with  his  father. 
They  had  a  good  business  from  the  inception,  adding  the  making  of 
fine  cheeses,  but  it  was  a  case  of  hard  manual  labor  and  no  rest  day 
or  night,  and  this  in  a  climate  which  certainly  left  much  to  be  desired. 
So  with  his  customary  quick  decisiveness  he  disposed  of  his  interests 
and  sought  the  ideal  home  and  came  to  California  and,  of  course,  to 
Riverside  County. 

Once  here  he  wasted  no  time  in  preHminaries  bu_t  got  right  down  to 
the  business  of  raising  oranges,  also  running  a  nursery.  Highly  suc- 
cessful, he  knew  that  he  still  had  not  attained  his  life  work,  and  this  he 
found  when,  in  1887,  he  left  that  business  to  engage  in  real  estate,  and 
here  he  found  himself.  Successful  from  the  first,  he  found  a  further 
outlet  for  his  energies  in  handling  also  life,  fire  and  accident  insurance 
for  a  time.  But  these  he  was  forced  to  give  up  to  devote  his  entire 
attention,  as  he  is  now  doing,  to  high-grade  real  estate,  in  which  he  is 
in  Class  A.  Mr.  Jarvis  is  a  republican  in  politics.  In  his  fraternal  rela- 
tions he  is  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows,  which  he  joined  in  1884.  He 
is  also  a  Mason  and  a  member  of  the  Commandery. 

He  was  assessor  four  years,  1895-99. 

He  organized  the  Peoples  Abstract  Company  in  1895  and  brought  it 
through  to  success,  being  its  president  for  ten  or  twelve  years.  The  com- 
pany was  later  sold  to  the  Riverside  Title  Company. 

He  organized  the  Royal  Steam  Laundry,  was  its  president  for  ten 
years  and  at  the  present  writing  is  its  vice-president. 

He  was  the  means  of  organizing  the  Citizens  Bank,  securing  the  sub- 
scriptions for  it,  but  never  accepting  any  official  position,  although  he  was 
a  stockholder  for  many  years. 

At  one  time  Mr.  Jarvis  was  the  largest  realty  operator  in  the  city, 
being  connected  with  a  syndicate  that  dealt  largely  in  San  Diego  lands  and 
handled  the  32,000  acre   Lankersham  ranch  in  the   Cajon  Valley. 

In  the  early  days  he  ran  a  drygoods  store  under  the  name  of  J.  T. 
Jarvis  &  Company,  but  sold  out  to  Gaylor  Rouse  and  for  a  time  the  two 
were  partners.  The  Jarvis  store  was  the  foundation  of  the  present  big 
Rouse  Department  .Store  of  Riverside. 

When  he  first  came  to  Riverside,  Mr.  Jarvis  planted  and  handled 
more  orchards  than  any  other  man  in  the  valley.  He  was  one  of  the 
leaders  in  Ihe  raisin  industry  and  packed  and  sold  many  thousand  boxes. 

He  also  handled  and  dried  apricots  and  jieaches  for  a  Chicago  firm, 
buying  much  of  the  fruit  in  this  valley  and  elsewhere. 

He  also  handled  a  large  jjart  of  the  orange  crop  for  several  years, 
including  much  of  the  Riverside  crop  in  1885  and  1886. 

He  also  bought  and  shipped  honey. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         717 

He  was  with  the  Griffin  &  Skelley  Compan\'  as  one  of  the  partners 
and  buyer  for  the  firm. 

He  handled  the  San  Bernardino  and  Highlands  crop  before  Redlands 
was  planted. 

Mr.  Jarvis  planted  and  cased  for  several  hundred  acres  of  outside 
orange  groves  and  at  one  time,  with  others,  had  700  acres. 

One  year  he  and  his  brother  dried  apricots  from  142  acres  he  owned, 
80  acres  of  which  were  on  California  Avenue,  between  Adams  and 
Monroe,  and  the  remainder  in  ten  and  20-acre  pieces  in  that  neighbor- 
hood. 

He  was  one  of  the  eight  or  ten  Imperial  County  men  who  brought  in 
the  domestic  water  to  Riverside  in  1887-8.  Mr.  Jarvis  has  always  lent  a 
helping  hand  to  others,  etc.,  and  there  are  many  men  in  the  city  today 
who  owe  their  start  to  his  interest  and  help. 

Mr.  Jarvis  married  in  May,  1869,  Miss  Matilda  A.  Dundas  in  Ontario, 
Canada.  She  is  a  daughter  of  Robert  and  Harriett  Ann  Dundas,  the 
former  a  native  of  the  north  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  a  native  of  New 
York  state.  They  are  the  parents  of  eight  children:  John,  a  mining 
man;  Lelia,  wife  of  M.  O.  Pann,  of  Riverside;  Con.stance,  WiUiam  and 
four  children  who  are  decea.sed.  Mr.  Jarvis  and  his  family  are  members 
of  the  Episcopal  Church. 

Hugh  H.  Craig,  formerly  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  at  River- 
side, came  to  California  with  the  reputation  of  an  able  lawyer  and  man 
of  power  in  his  native  city  in  Iowa,  and  during  his  connections  with  the 
bench  and  bar  of  Riverside  has  justified  the  expectations  entertained 
by  his  older  friends  and  associates. 

Judge  Craig  was  born  in  the  river  town  of  Keokuk,  Iowa,  October  1, 
1874,  son  of  John  H.  and  Alice  (Read)  Craig. 

John  H.  Craig  was  one  of  the  best  known  lawyers  of  the  Middle  West 
from  1857  until  his  death.  His  father  was  a  member  of  the  early  Penn- 
sylvania Legislature,  and  was  Scotch  Irish  descent.  Judge  Craig's  mother 
was  of  English  descent. 

Hugh  H.  Craig  graduated  from  the  Keokuk  High  School  at  the  age 
of  seventeen.  Soon  afterward  he  entered  Parsons  College  at  Fairfield, 
Iowa,  graduating  in  1896.  An  invaluable  experience  giving  him  active 
contact  with  men  and  affairs  and  broadening  his  mental  horizon  was  his 
early  service  after  leaving  college  as  a  newspaper  man.  For  three  years 
he  was  connected  with  the  Keokuk  Daily  Gate  City,  which  twenty-five 
years  ago  was  paper  of  wide  influence  and  much  power  in  the  central 
states.  He  began  as  a  reporter,  but  eventually  was  city  editor,  and  appar- 
ently had  a  big  career  before  him  in  the  newspaper  field,  since  he  had 
displayed  unusual  talents  in  news  getting,  diplomacy  and  as  a  versatile 
writer  both  in  the  editorial  and  reportorial  fields.  About  that  time,  how- 
ever, he  decided  that  he  had  a  real  "flair"  for  the  law  and  gave  up 
journalism  to  study  with  his  cousin,  John  E.  Craig,  a  brilliant  lawyer  of 
prominence  and  high  standing.  Under  such  direction  he  made  careful 
preparation  for  his  new  vocation,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  before  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Iowa.  His  undisputed  talents  and  technical  and  theo- 
retical knowledge  caused  his  progress  to  be  rapid.  The  experience  of  his 
early  years  of  practice  matured  him  into  the  successful  lawyer  and  rising 
man  of  power.  From  the  time  of  his  admission  he  practiced  at  Keokuk 
seven  years,  and  while  there  was  also  city  attorney  for  three  years.  The 
people  of  his  native  city  came  to  regard  him  as  a  man  of  most  unusual 
abilities  and  in  many  ways  proved  their  faith  in  his  judgment  and  charac- 
ter.    While  at  Keokuk  Judge  Craig  showed  an  active  public  spirit  in 


718        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

public  affairs  and  in  educational  matters  particularly.  He  served  four 
years  on  the  Board  of  Education. 

In  1908  Judge  Craig  removed  \o  Riverside  and  became  a  partner  in 
the  law  firm  of  Collier,  Carnahan  &  Craig.  This  firm  enjoyed  a  most 
extensive  clientele  and  handled  many  important  cases  involving  technical 
questions  and  large  values.  The  partnership  was  dissolved  in  1911,  Judge 
Craig  and  Mr.  Collier  continuing  their  association  as  Collier  &  Craig. 
Judge  Craig  gave  most  unselfish  devotion  to  the  increasing  tasks  and  re- 
sponsibilities of  his  private  practice  until  he  was  elevated  to  the  bench 
of  the  Superior  Court. 

He  was  appointed  to  the  position  of  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Riverside  County  by  Governor  Hiram  W.  Johnson  on  March  16,  1916. 
Thereafter  he  was  elected  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  his  predecessor 
and  again  elected  for  a  full  term,  being  unopposed  each  time  at  the  pri- 
mary and  general  elections.  On  September  1,  1921,  he  resigned,  while 
more  than  three  years  yet  remained  of  his  term,  to  become  general  at- 
torney of  the  Southern  Sierras  Power  Company,  as  he  was  desirous  of 
again  engaging  in  the  practice  of  law. 

In  politics  Judge  Craig  is  a  democrat  by  principle,  and  has  been  a  deep 
student  of  political  questions  and  issues.  A  successful  lawyer,  he  never 
regarded  politics  as  an  avenue  to  power  and  success,  but  always  as  a 
responsibility  involving  subordination  of  private  advantages  to  the  general 
good.  It  that  spirit  he  exercised  his  duties  on  the  bench.  He  was  also 
appointed  in  1911  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  Riverside,  and 
subsequently  was  elected  to  the  same  position. 

During  the  great  war  he  was  Chairman  of  the  County  Council  of 
Defense,  latterly  known  as  the  Riverside  Division,  State  Council  of  De- 
fense. He  was  Chairman  of  the  Legal  Advisory  Board  for  Riverside 
County,  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  War  Relief 
Council,  which  was  in  charge  of  raising  war  funds,  and  was  a  Four  Minute 
Man. 

Judge  Craig  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  and  is  affiliated 
with  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  Modern  Woodmen  of 
America,  and  the  Masonic  fraternity.  November  29,  1905,  at  Chariton, 
Iowa,  he  married  his  college  classmate.  Miss  Jessie  McKlveen,  a  native 
of  that  Iowa  town  and  a  young  woman  of  thorough  education  and  social 
prominence.  Mrs.  Craig  is  a  daughter  of  Dr.  J.  A.  McKlveen,  for  a 
number  of  years  president  of  the  Iowa  state  Board  of  Health  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate.  The  family  is  an  old  American  one  of  Scotch- 
Irish  descent.  Mrs.  Craig's  grandfather,  Daniel  Read,  was  president  of 
the  Missouri  State  University  at  Columbus,  Missouri.  Judge  and  Mrs. 
Craig  have  one  child,  a  daughter,  Katharine. 

William  B.  Clancy — Of  the  movement  that  led  to  the  creation  and 
organization  of  Riverside  County  William  B.  Clancy  is  an  authority 
by  reason  of  the  active  participation  he  had  in  that  historical  move- 
ment. Mr.  Clancy  was  auditor  of  the  new  county  twelve  years.  He 
is  most  widely  known,  however,  as  a  banker,  and  has  been  one  of 
the  active  executives  in  the  Citizens  National  Bank  of  Riverside  from 
its  inception.  His  record  as  a  financier  has  earned  him  special  pres- 
tige among  California  banking  circles. 

Mr.  Clancy  was  born  at  Yates  City,  Illinois,  November  15,  1868. 
He  grew  up  in  Illinois,  attended  grammar  and  high  schools,  the 
Illinois  State  Normal  School  and  Mussellman's  Business  Collegfe  at 
Quincy. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         719 

lie  was  a  youngj  man  just  at  his  majority  when  he  came  to  Cahfornia 
in  1889.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  Banning 
Land  &  Waiter  Company,  the  interests  of  which  company  were  located 
about  half  in  what  was  San  Bernardino  and  half  in  San  Diego  counties. 
The  organization  of  a  new  county  was  a  matter  of  direct  business 
advantage  to  Mr.  Clancy  and  his  associates,  afTording  a  better  means 
of  settling  titles  and  transacting  other  public  business.  He,  therefore, 
put  himself  in  the  lead  in  the  popular  movement  to  secure  a  new 
county,  and  out  of  that  movement  Riverside  County  was  established 
in  1893.  In  1894  he  was  elected  county  auditor,  being  the  second 
to  hold  that  office  in  the  new  county.  He  was  re-elected  and  served 
three  terms,  being  re-elected  in  1898  and  again  in  1902. 

j\Ir.  Clancy  resigned  this  office  at  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the 
Citizens  Bank  of  Riverside  July  1,  1903.  It  was  organized  as  a  state 
bank  with  fifty  thousand  dollars  capital,  and  its  first  home  was  on 
the  southeast  corner  of  Ninth  and  Alain  streets.  In  May,  1904,  it 
occupied  the  quarters  of  the  Orange  Growers  National  Bank,  liquidat- 
ing the  affairs  of  that  institution.  At  that  time  the  capital  was 
increased  to  a  hundred  thousand  dollars.  In  October,  1907,  the  Citizens 
National  Bank  was  started,  at  which  time  the  capitalization  increased 
to  a  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars.  The  original  officers  of  the 
Citizens  Bank  were  S.  H.  Herrick,  president;  Charles  H.  Low,  vice 
president,  and  W.  B.  Clancy,  cashier.  Mr.  Herrick  continued  as 
president  when  the  bank  was  nationalized  in  1907.  In  1909  Mr. 
Clancy  was  promoted  to  vice  president,  and  in  1916,  when  the 
Citizens  National  took  over  the  affairs  of  the  First  National  Bank, 
he  was  chosen  president.  In  1907  the  Security  Savings  Bank  and  the 
Citizens  Bank  of  Arlington  were  organized,  the  stock  of  these  institu- 
tions being  held  by  the  Citizens  National  Bank.  Mr.  Clancy  is  now 
president  of  the  Citizens  National  of  Riverside,  the  Citizens  Bank  of 
Arlington,  and  is  vice  president  of  the  Security  Savings  Bank.  These 
are  all  notable  institutions  in  the  financial  affairs  of  Riverside  County. 
The  Citizens  National  of  Riverside  has  capital  of  a  hundred  fifty 
thousand  dollars,  surplus  of  a  hundred  fifty  thousand  dollars,  un- 
divided profits  of  one  hundred  sixty-five  thousand  dollars,  and  deposits 
of  three  million  dollars.  The  Security  Savings  Bank  is  capitalized  at 
two  hundred  thousand  dollars,  has  surplus  of  fifty-eight  thousand 
dollars  and  undivided  profits  of  sixty-five  thousand  dollars,  with 
deposits  aggregating  three  millions.  The  Citizens  Bank  of  Arlington 
has  a  capital  of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  surplus  and  undivided 
profits  of  twenty  thousand  dollars  and  over  three  hundred  thousand 
dollars  in  deposits.  In  the  remarkably  successful  record  of  these 
institutions  Mr.  Clancy  takes  the  greatest  satisfaction,  and  to  him  is 
due  no  small  measure  of  that  prosperity  and  the  wise  management 
that  produced  it. 

Mr.  Clancy  is  also  an  orange  grower  on  a  small  scale.  He  served 
as  worshipful  master  of  Riverside  Lodge  of  Masons  in  1901-02,  and 
is  affiliated  with  the  Council  and  Knight  Templar  Commandery  at 
Riverside,  Al  Malaikah  Temple  of  the  Shrine  at  Los  Angeles,  and  the 
Elks. 

August  10,  1893,  at  Los  Angeles,  he  married  Miss  Alice  Hampson, 
who  was  born  in  Pennsylvania.  The  four  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Clancy  are :  Gertrude  M.,  who  is  a  graduate  of  Stanford  University 
of  California  and  Columbia  University  of  New  York ;  Marian  A.,  now 
in  the  fourth  year  of  Stanford  University  ;  Ellen  G.,  who  has  completed 


720        SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

three  years  of  high  school  work ;  and  Francis  E.,  in  the  second  year 
of  high  school. 

A.  AiRD  Adair — The  name  of  A.  Aird  Adair  is  one  which  stands  very 
high  in  the  annals  of  the  City  of  Riverside,  of  which  he  has  been  a  resi- 
dent for  thirty  years,  for  he  has  been  an  important  contributor  to  its 
progress  and  prosperity  in  a  professional  and  business  way.  His  career 
strikingly  demonstrates  the  value  of  early  discovering  what  one  wants  to 
do,  and  then  doing  it,  even  if  alone  and  unaided.  In  his  boyhood  he  de- 
termined to  qualify  as  an  attorney,  and  every  move  was  made  with  that 
idea  in  mind,  and  he  made  his  own  way  on  his  own  resources  from  an 
early  age.  In  after  life  his  ability  to  organize  and  his  keen  aptitude  for 
finances  took  him  into  the  banking  buisness  in  Riverside,  and  he  has 
achieved  the  same  success  in  this  line  as  in  his  profession.  He  is  a  man 
of  whom  it  may  truthfullly  be  said,  "he  was  a  lawyer  by  early  choice 
and  training  and  a  financier  by  predilection." 

Mr.  Adair  was  born  in  London,  Ontario,  Canada,  August  25,  1857, 
the  son  of  John  and  Rose  (Aird)  Adair.  He  received  his  primary  educa- 
tion in  the  grammar  schools  of  St.  Mary's,  Canada,  graduating  from 
High  School  in  the  spring  of  1873.  He  earned  his  own  way  in  the  world 
from  an  early  age,  devoting  all  his  leisure  time  to  the  study  of  the  law. 
He  kept  at  this  method  for  five  years,  and  then  he  matriculated  in  the 
University  of  Toronto,  Canada,  and  completed  the  regular  course  in  the 
spring  of  1887,  with  the  degree  of  LL.  B. 

He  at  once  commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession  but  in  a  year 
he  was  appointed  to  the  office  of  county  crown  attorney  for  the  district 
of  Muskoka  and  Parry  Sound,  Canada,  and  this  position  he  retained  from 
1888  to  1890,  when  he  resigned,  for  the  purpose  of  finding  some  country 
where  life  could  be  enjoyed  without  so  many  discomforts  as  that  some- 
what austere  climate  entailed.  His  attention  was  attracted  to  California, 
and  he  found  in  beautiful  Riverside  the  ideal  home  he  was  seeking,  and 
also  a  wide  field  for  the  practice  of  the  law.  He  soon  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  W.  A.  Purington.  which  continued  for  over  twenty-nine  years 
and  until  the  death  of  the  latter  in  1918.  The  firm  was  second  to  none 
in  importance  or  legal  requirements.  Mr.  Adair  after  the  death  of  Mr. 
Purington,  entered  into  a  partnership  with  A.  H.  Winder,  who  had 
been  associated  with  the  firm  for  a  number  of  years,  the  new  firm  taking 
the  name  of  Adair  &  Winder.  It  has  met  with  a  continuation  of  the 
success  and  prominence  of  the  first  partnership. 

Mr.  Adair  entered  the  financial  field  of  Riverside  through  the  medium 
of  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  main 
organizers  and  aided  materially  in  its  establishment.  He  was  elected 
president  of  that  institution,  and  carried  it  to  enduring  success  and  solid- 
ity of  foundation. 

He  married  in  Ontario  on  June  13,  1882,  Miss  Jennie  E.  Knieht. 
They  are  the  parents  of  three  daughters:  Ada  D.,  wife  of  Paul  D.  Wil- 
lard.  residing  in  Hibbinsr,  Minnesota ;  Jean,  wife  of  Shirley  Houghton, 
residing  at  Oakland,  California;  Alexina,  wife  of  Frank  C.  Nve,  president 
of  the  Riverside  Realty  Company,  residing  in  Riverside.  Mr.  Adair  is 
a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

Gaylor  Rouse — The  State  of  New  York  has  contributed  many  highly 
valued  citizens  to  Riverside,  and  one  of  the  distinctive,  outstanding  figures 
in  the  mercantile  and  civic  life  of  Riverside  hailing  from  there  is  that  of 
Gaylor  Rouse.  Gifted  not  only  with  practical  foresight,  but  with  ability 
as  an  organizer  as  well,  he  has  made  a  thorough  success  of  every  under- 


cy<i^<X2t3^^^    i^tiTTyO^.^^^^ 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RI\-ERSIDE  COUXTIES         721 

taking  from  the  time  when,  yet  a  mere  boy,  he  made  a  splendid  record  for 
efficiency  in  the  Civil  war  up  to  the  present  time.  Today  he  stands  at 
the  head  of  one  of  the  foremost  mercantile  establishments  in  Riverside 
County,  and  one  which  he  organized  and  made  the  success  it  is. 

Gaylor  Rouse  was  born  in  Watertown,  New  York,  January  1,  1842,  the 
son  of  Collins  and  Dolly  Rouse,  both  of  whom  were  descendants  from  old 
eastern  families.  In  1858  he  entered  the  academy  at  Belleville,  Jeliferson 
County,  New  York,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1862.  Immediately 
afterward  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Union  Army,  Company  G,  New 
York  Heavy  Artillery.  He  was  sent  at  once  to  the  front,  where  he  saw 
what  war  was  from  the  angle  of  most  active  service.  His  record  was 
a  brilliant  one,  for  he  was  promoted  to  a  lieutenantcy  and  served  on  the 
brigadier  stafT  as  assistant  inspector  general  until  the  close  of  the  war, 
when  he  was  honorably  discharged.  He  immediately  went  to  Washington, 
D.  C,  where  he  was  needed  as  a  clerk  in  the  War  Denartment.  He 
served  here  until  1868,  when  he  concluded  that  mercantile  life  would  be  a 
better  outlet  for  his  energies,  now  the  war  was  over.     So  he  resigned. 

He  left  Washington,  going  to  Philadelphia,  in  New  York  State, 
where  he  opened  a  retail  merchandise  store  and  where  he  proved  that  he 
was  in  the  right  field.  He  remained  there,  highly  successful,  until  1878, 
when  a  desire  for  a  more  desirable  scene  of  action  brought  him  to 
California.  He  located  first  in  Antioch,  Contra  Costa  County,  where  he 
conducted  another  successful  dry  goods  store.  It  was  in  that  city,  in 
August  of  the  following  year,  that  he  was  united  in  wedlock  with  Mrs. 
A.  R.  Jessup.  By  a  marriage  contracted  in  the  State  of  New  York, 
Mr.  Rouse  is  the  father  of  one  son,  Charles  G.  Rouse,  who  is  connected 
with  the  Riverside  firm  as  vice  president. 

After  spending  eight  productive  years  in  the  town  of  Antioch  Mr. 
Rouse  was  attracted  to  Santa  Barbara,  where  he  opened  an  exclusive 
men's  clothing  store.  This  city  held  him  just  three  years,  when  its  beauty 
and  charm  (and  a  desire  to  have  a  permanent  home  and  a  permanent 
business)  brought  him  to  Riverside.  With  his  keen  perception  it  did 
not  take  him  long  to  determine  that  here  was  the  opportunity  and  the 
home  he  had  been  seeking.  The  second  year  of  his  advent  here  Mr.  Rouse 
organized  the  stock  company  of  which  he  is  president  and  his  son  vice 
president.  That  he  was  more  than  justified  in  his  faith  in  the  possibilities 
lying  dormant  here,  waiting  for  some  one  with  the  vision  to  understand 
and  the  self  confidence  to  initiate,  is  evidenced  by  the  concrete  symbol, 
the  department  store  of  G.  Rouse  &  Company.  It  is  second  to  none  in 
the  county  in  its  line,  that  of  varied  furnishings  for  women  and  men. 

Of  the  social  side  of  his  life  it  can  truthfully  be  said  that  "Those 
who  know  him  best,  love  and  honor  him  most."  He  is  often  affectionately 
alluded  to  in  public  print  and  speech  as  "The  grand  old  business  man  of 
Riverside."  And  such  he  is,  for  he  is  an  upholder  of  the  best  traditions 
as  applied  to  his  daily  life,  and  at  the  same  time  his  progressive,  live  ideas 
for  the  civic  good  of  the  city  have  always  been  manifested  in  no  uncertain 
way,  his  loyalty  as  a  citizen  always  a  factor  to  be  counted  upon  as  one 
absolutely  dependable. 

Mr.  Rouse  is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  of  the 
Loyal  Legion  and  is  a  Knight  Templar  Mason.  He  is  in  religious  faith 
an  Episcopalian. 

Benjamin  Sherwood  Haywood,  D.  D. — Riverside  feels  a  special 
degree  of  affection  for  the  cultured  and  high-minded  minister.  Dr. 
Haywood,  who  has  to  his  credit  many  years  of  service  in  the  Southern 
California  Conference  and  has  been  frequently  marked  for  distinction 


722         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  some  of  the  largest  responsilMlitics  of  the  church  abroad.  He 
was  recently  appointed  pastor  of  Nelshire  Boulevard  Methodist  Episco- 
pal Church  of  Los  Angeles. 

Dr.  Haywood  was  born  in  Tippecanoe  County,  Indiana,  and  during 
his  youth  there  acquired  a  common  school  education.  He  did  his 
college  work  in  Cornell  College  at  Mount  Vernon,  Iowa,  and  in  Purdue 
University  at  Lafayette,  Indiana.  Cornell  College  gave  him  his 
Doctor  of  Divinity  degree  at  the  semi-centennial  of  that  staunch  old 
Methodist  institution  in  1904.  At  Cornell  College  a  fellow  student 
was  Miss  Harriet  Porter,  and  the  romance  of  their  college  life  ended 
in  a  most  happy  marriage. 

Dr.  Haywood  entered  the  Methodist  ministry  in  1890  and  for  two 
years  was  in  missionary  service  in  old  Mexico,  being  presiding  elder 
of  Orizaba  District  and  pastor  at  Pachuca.  Then  followed  some  years 
of  congenial  and  useful  labors  in  the  Southern  California  Conference, 
and  he  was  pastor  of  the  first  church  at  Riverside  when  in  1904  he 
was  called  by  the  Board  of  Bishops  at  the  General  Conference  to  the 
superintendency  of  Porto  Rico  Mission.  Dr.  Haywood  was  for  eight 
years  in  charge  of  the  Porto  Rico  Mission,  during  which  time  he 
directed  the  work  of  over  two  hundred  Methodist  Congregations  in 
the  West  Indies. 

Following  this,  in  June,  1912,  he  became  general  secretary  of  Hospital 
Work  of  the  Woman's  Home  Missionary  Society  of  the  church,  with 
headquarters  at  Washington.  While  there  he  came  in  close  personal 
touch  with  national  movements  and  broad  world  interests.  His' 
knowledge  of  men  and  of  the  world  has  been  diversified  not  only  by 
his  important  duties  but  by  engagements  on  the  Chautauqua  and 
lecture  platforms  and  extensive  travel  at  home  and  abioad. 

Dr.  Haywood  again  accepted  the  pastorate  of  the  First  Methodist 
Church  at  Riverside  in  1916,  and  after  an  absence  of  twelve  years 
he  returned  to  a  post  of  duty  that  had  manifold  attractions  for  him. 
During  the  World  war  he  was  appointed  by  President  Wilson  a  mem- 
ber of  Exemption  Board  No.  1  in  Riverside  County,  and  served  in  that 
capacity  throughout  the  war  period. 

C.APT.  W.  B.  JoHN'SON,  whose  home  was  in  Riverside  Countv  from 
1892  until  his  death,  is  remembered  for  his  business  ability,  his  im- 
portant public  service,  and  his  character  he  always  maintained  as  a 
highly  patriotic  and  progressive  citizen.. 

He  represented  a  family  of  old  American  traditions  and  his  great- 
grandfather. Col.  Benjamin  Johnson,  came  from  Scotland  to  Amer- 
ica, becoming  a  Virginia  planter  and  serving  with  distinction  in  the 
war  for  independence.  The  traditions  of  the  family  trace  the  descent 
from  the  Norse  Vikings  who  settled  in  Scotland.  Captain  David 
Johnson,  son  of  Col.  Benjamin  Johnson,  was  a  native  of  Virginia 
and  served  as  a  soldier  in  the  War  of  1812.  He  was  an  Indiana 
pioneer  and  shared  with  Levi  Beam  the  honor  of  being  the  first  settler 
of  Owen  County,  which  then  comprised  the  present  counties  of  Owen, 
Greene,  Putnam  and  Monroe.  His  son,  Reuben  Johnson,  born  in 
1812.  was  a  farmer  in  Owen  County  until  1853,  and  then  moved  to 
the  new  State  of  Iowa  and  lived  in  Clarke  County  nearly  forty  years, 
until  his  death  in  1892.  Reuben  Johnson  married  Elizabeth  Barrick- 
man.  whose  father,  John  Barrickman,  was  a  native  of  Germany,  was  a 
Virginia  planter  and  lost  his  life  while  fording  a  river.  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Johnson  died  when  about  fifty  years  of  age.  Her  two  daughters, 
Angeline  and  Sarah,  both  died  in  Iowa. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RI\'ERSIDE  COUNTIES         723 

Of  three  sons  Capt.  W.  11.  J()linsf)n  was  born  Jnly  1,  1840,  at 
Spencer  in  Owen  County,  Indiana,  and  was  a  boy  of  seven  when  his 
parents  moved  to  Iowa.  He  and  his  two  lirothers  for  part  of  the 
period  of  the  Civil  war  were  all  members  of  Company  D  of  the  39th 
Iowa  Infantry.  David  H.,  the  oldest,  was  a  sergeant  in  the  Company, 
and  after  the  war  was  for  two  terms  treasurer  of  Clarke  County.  The 
other  brother,  John  C,  was  also  a  sergeant  of  Company  D  and  died 
at  Green  Bay,  Iowa. 

W.  B.  Johnson  in  June,  1861,  shortly  before  his  fifteenth  birth- 
day, joined  an  Iowa  Battalion  and  was  on  duty  with  that  organization 
in  Missouri  for  six  months.  He  then  enlisted  in  Company  D,  Thirty- 
ninth  Iowa,  with  his  brother,  but  after  a  period  was  transferred  to 
Company  G  of  the  Seventh  Iowa.  He  was  not  discharged  until  July 
12,  1865,  so  that  his  army  record  covers  practically  the  entire  war 
period.  Among  the  major  battles  in  which  he  participated  were 
Parker's  Cross  Roads,  Corinth,  luka.  Holly  Springs,  Chattanooga, 
Missionary  Ridge,  many  of  the  engagements  of  the  Atlantic  campaign, 
and  he  was  with  General  Sherman  on  the  march  to  the  sea  and  in  the 
campaign  through  the  Carolinas,  ending  with  the  battles  of  Goldsboro 
and  Bentonville.  At  the  battle  of  Altoona  his  brigade  held  Altoona 
Pass  when  General  Sherman  from  Kenesaw  Mountain,  about  twenty 
miles  away,  signalled  the  words  "hold  the  fort  for  I  am  coming," 
words  used  as  the  first  line  and  title  of  a  popular  religious  song  that 
has  stirred  the  hearts  and  emotions  of  people  for  more  than  half  a 
century.  Captain  Johnson  went  through  the  war  with  two  slight 
wounds.  His  alertness,  courage  and  resourcefulness  made  him  valu- 
able in  the  scouting  service.  At  the  Grand  Review  in  Washington  he 
was  barely  nineteen  when  he  marched  at  the  capital  in  charge  of  the 
Division  Forage  Squad  of  Sherman's  army. 

His  military  experience  continued  several  years  after  the  war, 
and  he  became  identified  with  several  interesting  phases  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  great  Middle  West.  He  served  as  a  scout  and  wagon 
master,  fighting  in  the  Black  Hills  against  the  Indians  and  assisting 
in  protecting  the  builders  of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad.  Later  he 
was  appointed  captain  of  Campany  B,  Second  Regiment  of  Nebraska, 
better  known  as  the  Cowboy  Company,  and  commanded  that  company 
on  the  frontier,  guarding  the  settlements  from  Indians.  For  two  years 
he  was  a  deputy  United  States  marshal  in  Kansas  and  the  old  Indian 
Territory.  He  was  for  two  years  sheriff  of  Wheeler  County,  Nebraska, 
and  held  a  similar  position  for  Valley  County,  and  while  living  at 
Osceola,  Iowa,  was  city  marshal  and  under  sheriff  four  years.  Besides 
discharging  the  duties  of  these  official  positions  Captain  Johnson  was 
for  a  number  of  years  identified  with  the  cattle  industry  in  Nebraska. 

It  was  in  1887  that  he  took  up  his  residence  in  Southern  California, 
locating  at  Los  Angeles.  Los  Angeles  was  enjoying  boom  times,  but 
the  boom  collapsed  shortly  afterward  and  he  lost  heavily  through 
his  real  estate  investments.  For  two  years  he  remained  there  as  a 
special  detective,  and  in  1892  located  at  Riverside,  where  he  conducted 
a  livery  and  operated  a  stage  line  from  San  Jacinto  to  Strawberry 
Valley.  He  was  elected  sherifif  in  1894  and  filled  that  office  four 
years.  For  eighteen  months  he  was  a  general  merchant  at  Winchester, 
and  then  returning  to  Riverside  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business 
and  also  had  mining  interests  in  Riverside  and  San  Diego  counties. 
Captain  Johnson  was  finally  elected  chief  of  police  of  Riverside  and 
was  in  that  office  when  he  died. 


724         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

He  was  a  widely  known  and  honored  figure  in  Southern  California 
for  many  j'ears,  where  he  served  as  president  of  the  Iowa  Soldiers 
Association  of  California,  was  a  past  commander  of  Ord  Post,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  in  Nebraska,  past  commander  of  Riverside 
Post  No.  108  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  was  affiliated  with  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  In  politics  he  was  a  stanch  republican 
and  was  its  candidate  for  all  the  public  offices  he  held  except  once 
when  elected  on  a  citizens'  ticket. 

Captain  Johnson  met  and  married  Miss  S.  S.  Freeman  in  the 
vicinity  of  Osceola,  Iowa.  She  was  born  in  Illinois  and  is  now  a 
resident  of  Riverside.  They  were  the  parents  of  four  children : 
Eugene,  now  deceased,  who  was  a  volunteer  in  the  Spanish-American 
war;  Laura  J.,  wife  of  D.  M.  Hinkle,  of  Rock  Island,  Illinois;  William 
A.,  a  well  known  Riverside  banker  whose  career  is  briefly  sketched 
elsewhere;  and  Lois  J.,  wife  of  H.  H.  Jenkins,  who  has  charge  of  all 
orchard  work  for  the  Colony  Association  of  Atascadero. 

William  A.  Johnson,  president  of  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside, 
was  for  a  number  of  years  active  as  an  engineer  and  contractor,  and 
has  been  identified  with  a  number  of  important  business  undertakings 
in  the  county. 

He  is  the  only  surviving  son  of  the  late  Capt.  W.  B.  Johnson,  a 
well  remembered  figure  of  Riverside  County  whose  story  is  told 
elsewhere.  William  A.  Johnson  was  born  while  his  parents  lived  at 
Ord,  Nebraska,  March  6,  1885,  but  has  lived  at  Riverside  since  he 
was  nine  years  of  age.  He  attended  the  grammar  and  high  schools 
of  the  county,  and  from  public  school  his  experiences  quickly  led  him 
into  the  engineering  and  contracting  business.  For  a  number  of  years 
he  was  associated  with  R.  T.  Shea  in  the  firm  of  the  Johnson-Shea 
Company.  Their  working  interests  extended  to  many  points  in 
Central  and  Southern  California  and  into  Arizona.  They  handled  some 
extensive  municipal  contracts,  building  water  systems,  paving  and 
sewer  construction,  and  performed  a  large  amount  of  that  class  of 
work  in  Riverside  and  immediate  vicinity. 

For  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Johnson  has  been  identified  with  the 
National  Bank  of  Riverside  as  a  director,  but  since  June,  1919,  has 
been  its  president.  This  bank  was  organized  in  1906  and  still  retains 
its  original  capitalization  of  a  hundred  thousand  dollars,  while  the 
surplus  is  a  hundred  seventy-five  thousand  dollars  and  deposits  aggre- 
gate a  million  seven  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars.  Mr.  Johnson 
is  also  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Security  Investment  Company  of 
Riverside  and  is  one  of  the  owners  and  directors  of  the  Liberty  Ranch 
Company,  operating  a  five  hundred  acre  alfalfa  farm  at  Winchester 
in  Riverside  County. 

During  the  World  war  he  sought  every  opportunity  to  do  his  part 
as  a  patriotic  citizen,  co-operating  with  other  workers  in  Riverside  in 
behalf  of  the  various  financial  drives  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  was 
made  head  of  the  local  Red  Cross.  He  is  a  republican  and  a  member 
of  the  Republican  County  Central  Committee,  but  his  business  and 
private  interests  have  absorbed  his  time  to  the  exclusion  of  politics 
so  far  as  his  personal  candidacy  is  concerned.  He  is  a  member  of 
Riverside  Lodge,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  has  been 
a  Mason  since  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  is  affiliated  with 
the  Lodge,  Council  and  Commandery  at  Riverside  and  AI  Malaikah 
Temple  of  the  Shrine  at  Los  Angeles.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Present  Day  Club. 


X.^.2^^^^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         725 

June  11,  1908,  at  Riverside,  Mr.  Johnson  married  Miss  Irene  LaRue, 
a  native  of  Riverside  and  daughter  of  the  late  Seneca  LaRue,  one 
of  the  prominent  citizens  of  this  section  of  Southern  California.  The 
two  daughters  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Johnson  are  Frances,  born  in  1911, 
and  Margaret,  born  in  1913,  both  attending  the  public  schools  of 
Riverside. 

Capt.  Lyman  C.  Waite  is  not  only  the  oldest  resident  of  Riverside, 
but  he  has  the  distinction  of  being  one  of  its  most  prominent  citizens  and 
has  been  connected  with  its  growth  and  development  from  the  beginning 
of  its  history.  As  he  reviews  the  past  from  the  days  when  he  first  located 
here,  even  then  being  imbued  with  an  unwavering  confidence  with  its 
future,  the  present  marvelous  development  appears  like  a  miracle, 
although  no  other  man  is  better  acquainted  through  personal  experience 
with  the  actual  progress,  step  by  step. 

The  birth  of  Captain  Waite  took  place  in  Walworth  County,  Wiscon- 
sin, September  12,  1842.  He  i.<  a  son  of  Sidney  and  Parmelia  (Barker) 
Waite,  both  of  whom  were  born  in  Western  New  York,  where  Sidney 
Waite  was  engaged  in  farming  until  1836,  when  he  moved  to  \N'isconsin, 
arriving  there  during  its  pioneer  period.  He  was  located  in  different 
sections  of  the  state,  including  those  in  the  vicinity  of  Sheboygan  Falls, 
Fond  du  Lac  and  Appleton,  and  there  Lyman  C.  Waite  grew  to  manhood 
and  acquired  first  a  common-school  training  and  later  one  in  the  more 
advanced  studies  at  Appleton  University,  which  he  entered  in  1860. 

Like  so  many  of  the  youths  of  that  day  his  studies  were  interrupted 
by  the  call  of  patriotism,  and  he  enlisted  in  1862  and  was  assigned  to 
Company  D,  Twenty-first  Wisconsin  Volunteer  Infantry.  Those  were 
the  days  which  proved  a  man's  mettle,  and  this  young  private,  through 
his  bravery  and  capability,  rose  very  rapidly  through  all  the  stages  to  be 
captain  of  Company  C  of  his  regiment.  Later  his  regiment  was  attached 
to  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Fourteenth  Army  Corps,  and  had 
the  honor  of  serving  at  different  periods  under  Generals  Grant,  Buell, 
Rosecrans,  and  Sherman.  During  his  service  he  participated  in  forty-two 
battles  and  skirmishes,  and  was  with  General  Sherman  on  his  historic 
March  to  the  Sea  and  in  the  Grand  Review  at  Washington.  Among  the 
notable  engagements  in  which  he  took  part  were  those  of  Chaplin  Hills 
( Perryville),  Nashville,  Jefferson  Pike,  Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge,  Resaca,  Dallas.  Kenesaw.  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Averysboro 
and  Bentonville.  The  history  of  his  regiment  is  most  interesting.  For 
one  year  and  eight  days  after  its  organization  there  were  but  forty-two 
men  able  to  report  for  duty,  and  it  was  commanded  by  a  captain.  Cap- 
tain Waite's  own  company  could  muster  only  five  enlisted  men  and  two 
officers,  and  it  is  likely  that  the  latter  were  numbered  among  the  living 
only  because  they  had  been  serving  on  detached  duty. 

Returning  to  his  university  after  receiving  his  honorable  discharge 
Captain  Waite  completed  his  courses  in  it  and  was  graduated  therefrom 
in  1868,  and  at  once  began  teaching  school.  A  year  later  he  went  to 
Belle  Plaine,  Iowa,  and  became  principal  of  its  graded  .schools.  It  was 
not  his  intention  to  remain  in  the  educational  field,  and  in  1869  he  began 
the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Clark  &  Tewksberry,  and  in  October,  1870, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Toledo,  Iowa.  In  January,  1871,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  California  in  San  Bernardino  County,  and 
at  once  opened  an  office  at  Riverside.  He  was  first  justice  of  the 
peace  and  the  first  notary  .public,  and  acted  as  both  for  four  years.  Had 
he  cared  to  devote  all  of  his  energies  to  the  law  there  is  no  doubt  but 
that  he  would  have  become  one  of  the  leading  lights  of  his  profession,  but 


726        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

fate  ordered  his  life  otherwise  and  bestowed  upon  him  still  greater 
honors. 

Upon  very  small  circumstances  oftentimes  hinge  a  man's  career,  and 
this  is  the  case  with  Captain  Waite.  Being  on  a  visit  to  Chicago,  he 
happened  to  attend  the  old  Woods  Museum,  and  saw  a  picture  of 
Inspiration  Point  in  the  Yosemite  which  so  attracted  him  that  he  resolved 
to  push  further  westward,  although  it  was  not  until  1877  that  he  was 
able  to  gratify  his  desire  to  gaze  upon  that  marvel  of  natural  beauty. 
Inspiration  Point.  In  that  year  he  visited  the  Point  and  other  places  in 
the  Yosemite  Valley  staging  from  Merced  City  via  Coulterville,  making 
a  stage  trip  of  200  miles.  It  was  in  1907  he  visited  the  Yellowstone  Park 
and  Salt  Lake  City,  the  headquarters  of  the  Mormon  Church, 

It  was  in  1870  that  Captain  Waite  came  to  California,  arriving  on 
December  8,  sole  capital  at  time  being  $100  in  money  and  the  unlimited 
enthusiasm  of  youth  and  a  well-balanced,  highly-trained  mind.  During 
1872  and  1873  he  returned  to  his  first  calling  and  taught  the  children  of 
the  first  settlers  at  Riverside,  and  at  the  same  time  began  his  experiments 
in  horticulture,  which,  although  then  were  productive  of  but  little  profit, 
laid  the  foundation  for  his  future  wealth  and  opened  up  a  new  vista  for 
thd  people  of  his  country.  His  first  purchase  was  of  ten  acres  of  land, 
to  which  he  later  added  fifteen  acres,  and  he  has  lived  in  the  same  and 
adjoining  block  for  46  years.  When  he  first  came  to  California  Los 
Angeles  had  a  population  of  but  5,725,  San  Bernardino,  1,500  and  San 
Diego,  3,000.  He  was  with  Judson  Brown  when  Redlands  was  first 
surveyed,  and  there  started  two  nurseries.  He  also  established  two 
nurseries  at  Highland,  and  with  Stephen  H.  Herrick  owned  the  first 
packing  house  of  that  community. 

His  small  holdings  in  realty  were  expanded  until  at  one  time  he  was 
one  of  the  heaviest  landowners  in  this  vicinity.  His  early  nursery 
operations  in  Riverside  were  carried  on  under  the  firm  name  of  Waite 
&  Simms,  J.  A.  Simms  being  the  junior  member.  As  early  as  February, 
1871,  Captain  Waite  volunteered  to  go  to  Los  Angeles  for  supplies  for 
the  community  at  Riverside.  Accompanied  by  T.  J.  Woods,  he  made  the 
four  day  trip,  arriving  on  the  return  trip  March  1,  1877,  bringing  with 
him  not  only  the  required  supplies,  but  also  a  number  of  lemon,  orange 
and  walnut  seedlings,  the  latter  two  supposed  to  bear  in  eight  years  and 
yield  a  profit  in  twelve  years.  The  lemons  proved  worthless,  and  the 
walnuts  were  the  hard-.shell  English  nuts.  In  all  of  the  earlier  plant- 
ing Captain  Waite  and  his  associates  were  ignorant  of  the  amount  of 
water  to  use,  and  the  best  varieties  for  the  soil  and  climate.  Some  of  the 
trees  proved  to  be  utterly  worthless,  and  the  ground  had  to  be  re-planted 
several  times.  Out  of  these  first  experiments,  disheartening  as  many  of 
them  were,  has  sprung  the  most  important  industry  of  the  Golden  State. 
By  1886  such  favorable  results  had  been  obtained  that  Captain  Waite 
with  two  associates  took  with  them  to  the  fair  held  at  Chicago  durinc; 
that  year  such  an  exhibit  of  orange-bearing  trees  and  many  other  Cali- 
fornia products,  including  calla  lilies,  as  to  make  a  profound  impression 
and  to  awaken  enthusia.sm  for  this  then  not  widely-exploited  Southwest. 
As  an  orange  grower  Captain  Waite  met  wilh  remarkable  success, 
producing  some  of  the  finest  trees  in  the  world,  and  became  the  owner 
of  a  model  orange  grove.  In  connection  with  his  orange-growing  Captain 
Waite  has  the  distinction  of  having  received  the  higest  price  jjaid  up  to 
that  time  for  a  forty-acre  tract  of  oranges  in  Highland,  from  Alexander 
Fry  who  paid  him  $100,000  for  it,  and  it  was  then  conceded  to  be  the 
finest  grove  in  the  stale.  For  many  years  Captain  Waite  maintained  an 
interest  at  Highland,  where  he  had  owned  the  fir-^t  fifteen  acres  of  land 


'/^^,y^U^<^■^^^»'^^   (^ .  y?^Ccc^:U^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         727 

laid  out  for  town  sites.  He  contributed  the  land  for  the  freight  and 
passenger  stations  of  the  Santa  Fe  railroad,  and  was  connected  with 
many  of  Highland's  leading  concerns. 

Captain  Waite  during  his  active  years  was  a  dominant  factor  in  the 
life  of  Riverside.  He  was  a  director  of  the  Citizens  Water  Company, 
which  later  became  the  Riverside  Water  Company,  and  for  years  was 
president  of  the  Pioneer  Society.  Among  other  concerns  which  he  served 
as  official  or  stockholder  were :  La  Mesa  Packing  Company,  of  which  he 
was  president ;  was  a  director  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Riverside, 
which  he  assisted  in  organizing  in  1885,  and  of  which  he  served  as  vice 
president  from  1885  to  1900,  and  president  from  1900  until  1905;  a 
director  of  the  Artesia  \\'ater  Company,  the  Pacific  Lumber  Company 
and  the  Loring  Opera  House  Company  ;  president  and  largest  stockholder 
of  the  Highland  Domestic  \\'ater  Company  of  San  Bernardino  ;  a  director 
and  stockholder  in  the  Coast  Line  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad ;  and  president 
and  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Savings  &  Trust  Company,  which  he 
assisted  in  organizing.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  and  was  president 
of  the  bank  of  Banning.  Owing  to  an  injury.  Captain  Waite  was  forced 
to  retire  from  all  business  activities,  resigned  from  all  his  official  positions, 
and  took  an  extended  trip  to  Honolulu. 

Captain  Waite's  activities  were  not  confined  solely  to  business  affairs, 
for  he  was  always  foremost  in  securing  advantages  of  all  kinds  for  his 
home  community  and  those  in  which  he  felt  an  interest.  He  organized 
the  first  school  district  at  Riverside,  in  1872,  which  was  several  miles 
square.  When  this  property  was  assessed  to  secure  funds  for  the  erection 
of  a  schoolhouse  it  was  discovered  that  the  tax  to  be  collected  was  not 
sufficient  to  complete  a  building  16x24  feet  with  the  plaster.  With 
customary  energy  Captain  Waite  went  among  the  residents  and  urged 
upon  them  the  importance  of  raising  the  necessary  money  among  them- 
selves, and  the  building  was  completed  that  year.  This  building  not  only 
housed  the  first  school,  taught  by  the  energetic  Captain,  but  was  useful 
for  numerous  community  purposes.  In  it  the  first  church  of  Riverside 
County  had  its  home.  Here  the  people  gathered  for  social  intercourse, 
and  many  pleasant  memories  are  retained  of  this  pioneer  building  by  the 
older  people.  Captain  Waite  did  not  relinquish  his  connection  with  this 
first  school  even  after  his  increasing  cares  made  it  impossible  for  him  to 
continue  its  teacher,  but  for  many  years  served  as  clerk  of  its  School 
Board.  The  attendance  on  this  first  school  increased  so  rapidly  that 
before  long  a  second  building  of  the  same  size  had  to  be  erected  to  hold 
the  pupils.  This  original  school  building  was  also  used  as  the  first  Court 
House  in  the  county. 

It  was  Captain  Waite  who  organized  the  first  judicial  district,  securing 
the  signatures  to  take  before  the  Board  of  Supervisors.  This  work  took 
full  two  days  on  account  of  the  difficulty  in  securing  transportation. 
During  the  early  history  of  Riverside  there  was  a  good  deal  of  trouble 
from  the  Mexicans,  who  regarded  the  Americans  as  trespassers,  and  on 
several  occasions  it  took  a  good  deal  of  diplomacy  on  the  part  of  Captain 
Waite  and  other  prominent  citizens  to  avoid  serious  conflict.  The  first 
justice  of  the  peace.  Captain  Waite,  was  elected  for  a  term  of  two  years. 
The  following  election,  the  Mexicans,  massing  their  forces,  elected  their 
own  man.  It  was  then  that  the  new  judicial  district  was  created  by 
cutting  the  old  one  in  two,  and  Captain  Waite  was  reelected. 

A  pioneer  in  many  undertakings.  Captain  Waite  has  the  distinction 
of  also  being  the  first  white  man  to  be  married  at  Riverside,  the  ceremony 
occurring  April  5,  1872.  when  he  and  Miss  Lillian  M.  Shugart  were 
united  in  marriage  by  Rev.  1.  W.  Atherton.     Mrs.  Waite  is  the  daughter 


728         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  late  Doctor  Shugart,  who  with  his  wife  and  family  came  to  River- 
side among  its  pioneers.  The  following  children  were  born  to  this 
marriage:  A  son  who  was  accidentally  drowned  when  two  years  and 
eight  months  old ;  Marion  P.,  who  was  graduated  from  Stanford  Univer- 
sity, is  a  broker  of  Los  Angeles,  California,  and  married  Miss  Anna 
Chapman,  a  daughter  of  D.  P.  Chapman  of  that  city;  Charles  E.,  who 
was  also  graduated  from  Stanford  University,  was  for  seventeen  years 
connected  with  the  Riverside  Savings  &  Trust  Company,  is  now  a  broker 
for  the  Dubiske  holdings  at  Riverside  ;  Lillian  Martha,  who  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Marlborough  Institute,  is  at  home;  Leila  M.,  who  is  the 
wife  of  John  A.  Robertson,  of  Phoenix,  Arizona,  has  two  sons  and  one 
daughter;  and  Mildred  H.,  who  is  the  wife  of  U.  L.  Voris,  in  charge  of 
shipments  on  the  35,000-acre  farm  of  the  Gates  Estate  at  Corcoran, 
California. 

Believing  it  to  be  the  duty  of  every  man  to  make  personal  sacrifices 
for  the  public  welfare,  Captain  Waite  has  responded  generously  to  calls 
made  upon  his  time  and  capabilities  and  served  in  the  City  Council  of 
Riverside  for  five  years,  being  elected  to  it  from  the  First  Ward  in  1906. 
He  retired  from  the  office  in  January,  1912.  During  the  time  he  served 
as  a  member  of  that  body  he  was  one  of  its  most  active  workers  to  secure 
lasting  public  improvements,  many  of  which  still  stand  as  monuments 
to  his  foresight  and  public  spirit.  He  is  a  member  of  Riverside  Post  No. 
118,  G.  A.  R.,  and  of  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  Division  of  the  Loyal 
Legion  of  the  States  of  California  and  Nevada,  which  he  served  as 
vice  commander.  The  distinctive  character  of  Captain  Waite,  his  broad 
and  warmly  human  traits,  and  the  unfailing  and  sincere  attachment  which 
he  inspires  in  all  those  who  have  come  within  his  influence  are  perhaps 
the  secret  of  his  remarkable  success,  quite  as  much  as  his  unusual  mental 
endowments  and  excellent  business  capabilities. 

Charles  E.  Watte,  one  of  the  efiterprising  business  men  of  River- 
side, was  during  the  past  few  years  the  local  representative  of  the  H.  W. 
Dubiske  &  Company  concern,  one  of  the  largest  industrial  security  houses 
in  the  world,  with  over  100,000  satisfied  clients  secured  during  its  short 
business  career  of  about  four  years.  This  company  has  its  headquarters 
in  the  Consumers  Building.  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  a  branch  office  in  New 
York'  City,  New  York.  Mr.  Waite  built  up  a  satisfying  clientele  of  his 
own,  and  was  one  of  the  most  popular  salesman  in  the  district. 

Mr.  Waite  was  born  in  the  old  home  on  Mulberry  Street,  Riverside, 
January  14,  1878.  youngest  son  of  Lyman  C.  Waite,  whose  sketch  appears 
above.  He  received  his  educational  training  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  of  Riverside  and  Leland  Stanford  University,  class  1903. 
On  November  1,  1903,  he  went  into  the  First  National  Bank  of 
Riverside  to  learn  the  banking  business,  and  filled  various  positions  in 
it  up  to  and  including  that  of  cashier,  which  position  he  resigned  in 
1906  to  become  assistant  cashier  of  the  Riverside  Savings  Bank,  and  later 
was  made  assistant  cashier  of  the  Peoples  Trust  &  Savings  Bank,  and 
remained  with  that  institution  until  March  1,  1920.  Recognizing  a  prof- 
itable and  pleasing  future  in  the  selling  end  of  business,  he  associated 
himself  with  the  Dubiske  Coni()any,  with  the  result  as  above  stated.  On 
September  1,  1921,  he  was  appointed  Riverside  County  representative  of 
the  Super  Test  Products  Company  of  Los  Angeles,  of  w^hich  his  brother. 
Marion  P.  Waite.  is  one  of  the  stockholders  and  directors.  This  company 
is  the  wholesale  manufacturer  of  various  paints  ,-ind  accessories,  its  prod 
nets  being  widely  sold  throughout  this  state.  He  was  vice  president  and 
one  of  the  directors  of  the  Riverside  Title  Company,  and  for  many  yea-rs 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         729 

was  secretary  and  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Riverside  Hospital,  but 
disposed  of  these  interests  so  as  to  devote  all  of  his  time  to  his  present 
work. 

During  the  late  war  he  claimed  no  exemption,  but  was  not  allowed 
to  enlist  on  account  of  the  order  issued  by  the  administration  that  all 
banking  officials  must  remain  in  their  positions.  He  is  a  republican,  and 
has  been  active  in  politics,  although  he  has  never  sought  office  aside  from 
membership  on  the  county  central  committee  for  a  year,  and  that  of 
delegate  to  the  county  convention  one  year.  He  served  as  alternate  for 
his  father,  who  was  unable  to  attend,  to  the  State  Senatorial  Convention. 
Fraternally  Mr.  W'aite  is  a  Shriner  Mason,  through  the  York  Rite, 
and  belongs  to  Riverside  Lodge,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  which  he  has  served  for 
fourteen  years  as  treasurer.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Sons  of  Veterans, 
the  Loyal  Legion,  Woodmen  of  the  World,  Modern  Woodmen  and  Royal 
Arcanum.  Until  the  parlor  at  Riverside  of  the  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden 
West  was  discontinued  he  was  active  in  that  organization,  and  he  takes 
pride  in  his  membership  in  the  college  fraternity  Phi  Delta  Theta. 

Mr.  Waite  married  October  19,  1905,  at  Woodhull,  Illinois,  Gertrude 
Ferris,  a  native  of  Illinois,  and  a  daughter  of  Robert  O.  Ferris,  a  farmer. 
Her  great-great-grandfather  Ferris  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Galesburg, 
Illinois.  The  Ferris  family  is  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  English  descent. 
Mrs.  Waite  is  a  graduate  of  Knox  College,  Galesburg,  and  a  very 
accomplished  and  cultured  lady,  and  with  her  husband  is  numbered  among 
the  social  leaders  of  Riverside. 

AsHBEL  G.  Lo\'E — Until  he  was  about  fifty  years  of  age  Ashbel  G. 
Love  was  completely  absorbed  in  a  growing  and  profitable  business  as  a 
merchant  in  the  Middle  \\'est.  ^\'hen  he  disposed  of  his  interest  there 
and  came  to  California  it  was  for  the  purpose  of  retiring,  but  the  pur- 
chase of  an  orange  and  alfalfa  farm  at  Riverside  has  furnished  him 
a  great  deal  of  occu])ation,  pleasant  and  i)rofitable,  and  he  has  continued 
to  enjoy  an  active  life  while  here.  He  is  one  of  Riverside's  most 
esteemed  citizens,  a  worker  for  everything  good   in  the  community. 

Mr.  Love  was  born  in  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  November 
3,  1845.  His  parents  were  James  and  Martha  (McNair)  Love,  both 
natives  of  Pennsylvania.  His  mother  was  born  in  Bucks  County,  of  an 
old  family  of  Scotch  ancestry.  James  Love  was  of  Scotch-English 
descent.  To  the  task  of  farming  James  Love  gave  all  his  active  years 
In  1856  he  removed  with  his  family  to  Galesburg,  Illinois,  and  later  to 
Altona  in  that  state,  and  lived  out  his  life  on  a  farm. 

Ashbel  G.  Love  was  eleven  years  of  age  when  the  family  went  to 
Illinois,  and  he  finished  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Knox 
County,  of  which  Galesburg  is  the  county  seat.  After  school  he  went 
to  work  as  clerk  in  a  mercantile  establishment  at  Altona,  and  the  mer- 
cantile business  opened  for  him  a  broad  and  successful  career.  In  the 
fall  of  1891  he  removed  to  Holdredge.  Nebraska,  and  for  seven  years 
had  charge  of  one  of  the  largest  stores  in  that  thriving  community. 

When  he  came  to  California  in  1906  Mr.  Love  and  his  sons  pur- 
chased fifteen  acres  of  oranges  and  alfalfa  at  271  East  Central  Avenue 
He  has  had  many  opportunities  to  sell  this  property  at  an  advantage, 
but  is  thoroughly  attached  to  it  and  still  makes  it  his  permanent  home. 
His  son  Waldo  owns  it  with  him,  but  Mr.  Love  gives  it  his  personal 
attention  while  Waldo  is  engaged  in  other  work. 

Mr.  Love  is  a  republican  in  politics.  For  many  years  while  at 
Altona,  Illinois,  he  took  a  leading  part  in  politics.  He  was  for  several 
years  postmaster  at   Altona   and  a   representative   party   in   county   con- 


730         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ventions  and  on  the  city  and  county  central  committees.  He  gave  his 
first  presidential  vote  to  General  Grant.  Mr.  Love  has  not  been  active 
in  politics  in  California.  His  spare  time  is  chiefly  devoted  to  church 
work,  and  for  the  past  six  years  he  has  been  one  of  the  trustees  of  the 
Magnolia  Avenue  Presbyterian  Church.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Arling- 
ton Heights  Fruit  Exchange  No.  10. 

In  November,  1879,  at  Altona,  Illinois,  he  married  Miss  Abbie  W. 
Waldo.  She  was  born  in  that  state  and  comes  of  an  old  New  York 
family  of  English  ancestry.  Her  father,  M.  B.  Waldo,  was  for  forty 
years  an  employe  of  the  Burlington  Railroad,  most  of  his  time  being 
divided  between  his  duties  at  Princeton  and  at  Altona.  Mr.  Love  lost 
his  wife  in  Nebraska  in  1899,  after  they  had  been  married  twenty  years. 
She  is  survived  by  two  sons,  Waldo  Love  and  Frank  K.  Love.  Waldo 
Love,  associated  with  his  father  in  the  ownership  of  the  orange  and 
alfalfa  farm,  gives  most  of  his  business  hours  to  his  duties  as  one  of 
the  employes  of  the  Mission  Garage  of  Riverside.  He  married  Miss 
Anna  C.  Craven,  a  native  of  California  and  daughter  of  Dr.  W^allace 
Craven,  of  Riverside.  They  have  a  daughter,  Mary,  member  of  the 
class  of  1921  in  the  Riverside  High  School.  The  younger  son,  Frank 
Love,  is  an  employe  of  the  American  National  Bank  of  San  Francisco. 
He  married  Miss  Edna  Barr,  of  Holdredge,  Nebraska,  and  has  a  daugh- 
ter, Helen  McNair  Love. 

William  T.  Kirkpatrick,  whose  services  as  a  contractor  and  build- 
er have  been  responsible  for  the  erection  of  many  beautiful  homes  in 
Riverside,  came  to  this  city  sixteen  years  ago  and  was  instantly  con- 
verted into  an  enthusiastic  admirer  of  the  community,  and  all  his  work 
here  has  been  permeated  by  the  spirit  of  loyalty  and  regard  for  the  best 
interests  of  the  locality.  No  one  stands  higher  in  his  profession  than 
Mr.  Kirkpatrick. 

He  is  a  native  of  old  Kentucky,  born  near  Paducah,  January  12, 
1859,  son  of  Rev.  J.  D.  and  Mary  Jane  (Rudolph)  Kirkpatrick.  His 
parents  were  natives  of  Tennessee,  his  mother  of  German  ancestry. 
His  father  was  descended  from  Roger  Kirkpatrick,  whose  name  figures 
conspicuously  in  the  early  day  politics  of  Scotland.  Rev.  J.  D.  Kirk- 
patrick gave  his  active  life  to  the  ministry  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 
He  was  a  Confederate  soldier  the  last  thirteen  months  of  the  Civil  war, 
being  in  the  cavalry  under  General  Forrest  and  Colonel  Holt.  His 
service  was  along  the  Mississippi  and  at  Nashville  and  Chattanooga.  He 
died  in   December,   1912. 

William  T.  Kirkpatrick  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Kentucky.  His  father  also  owned  a  farm,  and  to  its  duties  he  gave 
his  time  after  leaving  school  until  he  was  thirty.  Having  a  strong  in- 
clination for  mechanical  work,  he  then  became  a  carpenter  at  Paducah, 
and  from  his  trade  developed  a  business  as  a  contractor  and  builder 
During  his  active  career  at  Paducah  he  constructed  many  buildings  in 
that  city.  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  came  to  Riverside  in  1905.  His  brother 
had  been  here  for  a  year,  and  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  came  out  to  investigate 
for  himself  the  glowing  reports  sent  back  East.  He  found  that  the 
most  enthusiastic  statements  were  more  than  supported  by  fact,  and 
nothing  has  occurred  since  then  to  mar  his  complete  satisfaction  with 
Riverside  as  a  home  and  place  of  business.  He  resumed  his  career  as 
a  journeyman  carpenter,  but  after  a  few  years  had  accumulated  the 
facilities  for  a  general  contracting  and  building  business.  Many  houses 
in  the  city  are  the  result  of  his  work,  including  the  Lewis  and  McDermott 
homes  on  West   Seventh   Street.     He  also  did  carpenter  work   for  thf 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        731 

Masonic  Temple  and  the  Crossley  Garage,  under  contract,  and  a  few 
years  ago  he  overhauled  and  improved  the  Desert  Inn  at  Palm  Springs. 
He  also  built  an  ice  plant  and  several  cottages  there. 

Mr.  Kirkpatrick  is  independent  in  politics,  was  quite  active  in  local 
politics  in  Paducah  but  has  concerned  himself  only  as  an  intelligent 
voter  since  coming  to  California.  He  has  been  an  elder  in  the  Calvary 
Presbyterian  Church  for  fourteen  years,  and  believes  that  the  church 
and  its  benevolent  causes  demand  a  proper  share  of  his  influence  and 
energies. 

In  Kentucky  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  married  Miss  Mattie  Dishman,  who 
died  in  1902.  Mr.  Kirkpatrick  married  at  Los  Angeles,  November  14, 
1914,  Miss  Ada  James,  of  Portland,  Oregon,  daughter  of  late  Fred 
James,  of  Prince  Edward  Island,  Canada.  His  children,  all  by  his  first 
marriage,  are  five  daughters  and  one  son :  Pearl,  who  is  the  wife  of 
Linus  Roof,  a  resident  of  Paducah,  Kentucky,  and  has  four  children, 
named  Lucile,  Raymond,  Velma  and  Eloise.  Miss  Nina  Kirkpatrick 
lives  at  home  with  her  father.  Velma  is  the  wife  of  Floyd  K.  Brown,  of 
Los  Angeles,  and  has  two  children.  Perry  and  Barbara  Alline.  Miss 
Beulah  Kirkpatrick  is  in  the  office  of  the  Aetna  Insurance  Company 
at  Hartford,  Connecticut.  Alline,  wife  of  Stanley  Wimpress,  con- 
nected with  one  of  the  oil  companies  at  Tampico,  Mexico,  is  the  mother 
of  one  son,  Norman.  J.  Ewing  Kirkpatrick,  the  only  son,  was  in  the 
draft  at  the  time  of  the  World  war,  but  the  armistice  was  signed  before 
he  went  overseas.  He  is  now  employed  as  a  chemist  by  the  Citrus  By- 
products Company  at  Corona,  California,  but  will  continue  his  higher 
education  in  the  University  of  California  in  1922. 

Maxwell  R.  Whiffin — While  Southern  California  may  not  be  the 
"melting  pot  of  civilization,"  it  is  the  one  portion  of  the  globe  any 
person  not  completely  centered  in  his  local  surroundings  hopes  to  see 
before  he  dies.  Its  citizenship  has  been  naturally  recruited  from  men 
of  most  diverse  nationality  and  experience,  but  perhaps  none  can  better 
appreciate  its  charms  from  the  contrast  of  personal  travel  and  experi- 
ence in  most  remote  parts  of  the  world  than  Maxwell  R.  Whiffin  of 
Riverside.  Mr.  Whifiiin  is  a  native  of  Scotland,  represents  a  family 
of  distinction  in  British  military  history,  himself  had  an  early  training 
for  the  army,  afterward  entered  the  English  Civil  Service,  and  spent 
many  years  in  the  Orient  and  other  British  possessions.  He  finally 
came  to  California,  and  the  impression  made  upon  him  by  Riverside  was 
such  that  as  soon  as  possible  he  returned,  and  regards  this  as  his 
home  for  the  rest  of  his  life.  Mr.  Whiffin  has  long  been  prominently 
identified  with  the  fruit  business,  and  is  now  general  manager  of  the 
American   Fruit  Growers   Packing  House  at   Riverside. 

His  father  was  General  Henry  Edward  Whiffin.  a  native  of  Wales. 
General  Whiffin.  who  retired  from  the  army  in  1881.  was  accountant 
general  in  the  British  service.  He  was  on  active  duty  through  the 
Crimean  war  and  the  Indian  Mutiny.  General  Whiffin  married  Jessie 
Cecelia  Sceales,  a  native  of  Scotland,  who  is  still  living  in  England  at 
the  venerable  age  of  eighty-five.  Maxwell  R.  Whiffin  has  two  brothers 
whose  active  lives  have  been  largely  given  to  the  British  military  es- 
tablishment. Thev  are  Major  General  Henry  Edward  Whiffin  and 
Colonel  George  Whiffin.  Both  were  on  the  retired  list  when  England 
entered  the  war  with  Germany,  but  immediately  resumed  service.  Colonel 
George  \\'hiffin  had  charge  of  the  transportation  of  troops  and  munitions 
of  the  British  Army  over  all  the  railroads  of  England,  with  twenty- 
five  thousand  men  under  his  supervision.    General  Henry  Edward  Whif- 


732         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

fin  was  in  charge  of  the  engineering  and  road  building  of  the  allied 
armies  in  France. 

Maxwell  R.  Whiffin  was  born  at  Edinburg,  Scotland,  September  9, 
1871.  He  received  his  early  education  in  the  United  Services  Military 
College  of  Devonshire,  at  a  place  with  many  literary  as  well  as  historic 
associations,  called  Westward  Ho.  One  of  his  classmates  was  Rudyard 
Kipling.  He  passed  the  examination  for  a  lieutenancy  in  the  army  ir 
1886.  Army  life  not  appealing  to  him,  he  soon  afterward  went  to  the 
East  Indies  and  became  an  indigo  planter.  Not  long  afterward  the 
Germans  discovered  a  dye  which  brought  practical  bankruptcy  to  the 
indigo  industry.  He  was  in  India  through  the  Bengal  uprising,  and  also 
when  the  cholera  plague  destroyed  twenty  per  cent  of  the   inhabitants. 

In  all  the  years  until  he  came  to  Southern  California  Mr.  Whiffin 
was  possessed  of  an  unconquerable  desire  to  see  more  of  the  world,  and 
his  travels  led  him  to  Australia,  New  Zealand  and  Egypt,  everywhere 
attended  with  interesting  and  sometimes  weird  incidents.  He  was  in 
Ceylon  in  1887,  when  he  witnessed  one  of  the  great  elephant  drives  of 
the  British  Government.  He  has  seen  one  hundred  and  fifty  bull  ele- 
phants at  work  in  the  timber  jungles.  In  the  course  of  his  travels  he 
finally  reached  Manitoba,  Canada,  where  he  was  in  the  cattle  business 
as  a  buyer  until  1900. 

In  that  year  he  came  to  California.  After  a  few  months  he  joined 
a  party  of  five  bound  for  Cape  Nome,  Alaska.  Among  other  hard- 
ships of  that  expedition  was  surviving  a  tidal  wave.  Through  dangers 
and  difficulties  he  was  buoyed  up  with  the  vision  of  Riverside,  a  gem 
in  perfect  setting,  the  most  ideal  place  he  had  ever  seen  in  all  his 
travels.  Throughout  his  struggles  in  the  frozen  North  there  was  in 
him  a  profound  conviction  that  he  would  be  able  to  return  and  make 
Riverside  his  home.  His  adventures  and  eflforts  there,  in  fact,  pro- 
vided him  with  enough  money  to  achieve  this  object.  Reaching  here, 
he  made  a  payment  on  an  orange  orchard  and  eventually  became 
owner  of  thirty  acres  of  oranges  in  perfect  bearing  on  Arlington 
Heights. 

For  twenty  years  Mr.  Whiffin  was  in  the  service  of  the  Arlington 
Heights  Fruit  Exchange,  and  in  practically  every  capacity.  For  the 
last  five  years  he  was  superintendent  of  the  packing  houses.  In  all 
these  twenty  years  his  superior  official  was  Mr.  William  Grant  Frazer, 
whose  career  is  sketched  elsewhere  in  this  publication,  Mr.  Whiffin 
has  a  high  admiration  for  Mr.  Frazer,  and  states  that  he  never  heard 
him  give  utterance  to  an  unkind  word.  After  the  change  in  manage- 
ment Mr.  Whiffin  accepted  the  position  of  general  manager  of  the 
Minnehaha  Orchard  Company  in  Tulare  County,  California,  the  holdings 
of  this  company  comprising  eight  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  citrus  and 
farm  land.  Mr.  Whiffin  is  still  a  larsje  stockholder  in  that  business.  Ow- 
ins:  to  the  poor  health  of  Mrs.  Whiffin  and  her  desire  to  be  back  in  River- 
side, he  resigned  his  work  in  Tulare  and  is  now  manager  of  the  Riverside 
Packing  House  of  the  .'\merican  Fruit  Growers,  Inc.  Mrs.  Whiffin  ha,' 
absolutely  regained  her  health  and  is  happy  and  contented  since  her 
return  to  Riverside. 

Mr.  Whiffin  became  a  naturalized  citizen  of  the  United  States  in 
190,S.  His  sentiments  are  wholly  American.  He  is  a  republican  in 
politics,  thoroughlv  progressive,  and  was  deeplv  interested  in  the  suc- 
cess of  all  drives  during  the  war  period.  \N'hat  is  for  the  good  of  River- 
side is  certain  to  enlist  his  heartiest  co-operation. 

Besides  his  citrus  and  Tulare  County  interests  Mr.  Whiffin  is  a  di- 
rector in  the  Keystone   Drug  Company.     He  owns  a  fine  home  at  245 


C^^^i^t^-T^T-^^^^2.*^-^ 


SAX  BERXARDIXd  AXD  Uni'.RSIDE  COUXTIES         7i^ 

Oakwood  Place.  He  is  afliliated  with  the  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  of  Elks  Lodge  at  Visalia.  he  and  Mrs.  Whiffin  are  communicants 
of  the  All  Saints  Episcopal  Church,  and  Mrs.  \\'hiffin  in  addition  to 
church  and  home  interests  undertook  much  work  in  the  Red  Cross  during 
the  war.     She  is  a  member  of  the  Parents-Teachers  Association. 

At  Los  Angeles,  June  3,  1902,  Mr.  Whiffin  married  Miss  Vyvyen 
Lovelock.  She  is  a  native  of  England.  Her  father,  the  late  Samuel 
Lovelock,  was  a  chartered  accountant  of  London.  The  two  daughters 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  ^^'hift^n,  both  natives  of  Riverside,  are  Maxine,  a  stu- 
dent in  the  Grant  school,  and  Virginia,  a  student  in  the  Xew  Magnolis 
.-Kvenue   .School. 

Hugh  A.  B.\in.  A  Scotch  engineer  and  business  executive  with  a 
record  of  fifty  years  of  active  and  strenuous  participation  in  business 
and  industry,  Hugh  Bain  when  he  retired  selected  what  many  besides 
himself  would  regard  as  the  most  beautiful  and  attractive  place  in  the 
world.  Riverside,  and  the  people  of  this  community  have  come  to  know 
him  as  a  man  of  genial  and  sympathetic  interests  with  local  affairs  and 
a  man  of  the  highest  distinction  and  attainments. 

Mr.  Bain,  who  resides  at  1484  Orange  Grove  Avenue,  was  born  at 
Xairn,  near  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  April  18,  1849.  His  father,  Hugh 
Bain,  Sr.,  was  a  Scotch  capitalist  with  extensive  business  interests  and 
in  1856  moved  to  Canada  and  for  the  rest  of  his  life  lived  as  a  retired 
gentleman  in  Paisley   County,   Ontario. 

Hugh  A.  Bain  when  sixteen  years  of  age  walked  ten  miles  every 
day  to  teach  school.  Later  he  secured  the  horses  to  drive,  and  these 
were  the  first  brought  into  Paisley.  His  home  was  the  first  house  ever 
built  in  Paisley,  and  there  were  more  Indians  than  white  people  as 
neighbors.  The  Indians  were  friendly,  and  one  memory  that  stands  out 
clearly  with  Mr.  Bain  was  their  offerings  of  cooked  venison,  which  he 
says  was  the  finest  he  ever  had.  It  was  no  uncommon  sight  to  see  large 
herds  of  deer  pass  the  school  window. 

After  three  or  four  years  teaching  at  Paisley,  Mr.  Bain  entered  the 
Queen's  University  at  Kingston,  Ontario.  During  vacations  he  again 
taught  and  worked  at  other  employment.  While  a  student  he  was  also  at 
Brockville.  After  graduating  from  Queen's  University  he  took  a  law 
course  at  McGill  University  in  Montreal. 

About  that  time  occurred  a  reversal  of  family  fortunes,  and  to  support 
himself  and  contribute  something  to  the  family  he  went  to  New  York 
City.  He  reached  the  metropolis  with  ten  cents  in  his  pocket,  and  lost 
no  time  in  connecting  himself  with  employment.  His  first  salary  in  New 
York  City  was  eight  dollars  a  week.  After  some  varied  experiences 
he  became  connected  with  the  Lewisohn  Brothers,  a  firm  for  many  years 
distinguished  by  the  extent  and  magnitude  of  their  capitalistic  enter- 
prises. By  his  resourcefulness  and  energy  Hugh  Bain  rapidly  acquired 
the  confidence  of  this  firm,  and  for  a  number  of  years  looked  after  their 
ranch  interests  and  later  other  general  interests. 

Many  of  Mr.  Bain's  important  achievements  are  associated  with  the 
Montana  mineral  district.  He  went  to  Butte  as  representative  of 
Lewisohn  Brothers.  This  firm  contemplated  the  erection  of  smelters  at 
Butte.  Mr.  Bain's  investigations  proved  that  the  cost  of  coal  as  laid 
down  in  Butte  made  a  general  smelting  project  prohibitive.  After  con- 
sultations with  the  late  j.  J.  Hill  and  others  he  commenced  a  systematic 
search  for  a  location  where  conditions  would  be  more  favorable.  Some 
of  the  property  interests  of  Lewisohn  Brothers  were  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Great  Falls,  where  coal  could  be  recovered   from  the   surface. 


734         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Various  chemical  analysis  showed  this  coal  was  suitable  for  gas,  and 
the  firm  of  Ledoux  &  Rickett  of  New  York  reported  that  a  perfect  gas 
production  could  be  secured  from  the  coal  samples.  Thereupon  Mr. 
Bain  determined  to  .smelt  by  gas.  although  Mr.  Klepetko  said  that  it  could 
not  be  done.  Another  reason  for  selection  of  (ireat  Falls  as  a  .site  for 
ihe  smelter  was  the  forty-foot  drop  in  the  river,  which  made  possible 
great  power  development. 

The  smelter  was  blown  in  and  ore  was  shipped  from  Butte  for  reduc- 
tion, the  smelter  expert  selected  by  Mr.  Bain  being  Frank  Klepetko,  well 
known  in  the  mining  world.  After  things  were  in  order  Mr.  Bain  went 
to  England  for  the  Lewisohn  Brothers,  to  attend  to  some  business  with 
Baring  Brothers.  While  there  he  received  a  telegram  from  Lewisohn 
to  "stop  all  work  and  come  back,  as  things  were  in  bad  shape."  Respond- 
ing to  the  call  and  returning  to  Montana,  he  found  that  he  had  a  big 
problem  to  solve  through  the  inadequacy  of  the  gas  production.  He 
finally  solved  it  by  putting  the  gas  production  on  a  level  with  the  blast. 

He  found  that  the  gas  supply  was  ten  or  twelve  feet  above  the  numer- 
ous smelting  furnaces.  When  first  blown  in  the  furnace  would  operate 
perfectly  for  a  short  time,  and  then  the  pipes  would  choke  up  with  refuse 
under  the  high  pressure.  He  devoted  a  long  time  to  the  problem,  work- 
ing until  one  and  two  o'clock  every  morning  and  seriously  undermining 
his  health,  but  continuing  his  experiments  and  studies  until  he  satisfied 
himself  that  the  fault  would  be  remedied  by  putting  the  gas  supply  on, 
or  below  the  level  of  the  blast.  The  wisdom  of  this  plan  was  assailed 
on  the  ground  that  it  would  not  relieve  the  situation  and  that  the  installa- 
tion had  already  cost  a  million  dollars.  Mr.  Bain  replied  that  the  change 
would  save  the  company  $12,000,000,  and  ordered  the  first  unit  brought 
down  to  the  level.  This  was  done  and  the  test  showed  perfect  smelting. 
The  remainder  of  the  furnaces  were  soon  changed  and  it  has  resulted 
in  the  successful  operation  of  the  big  plant  ever  since.  Like  all  radical 
departures  from  accepted  and  established  forms  the  work  at  the  Great 
Falls  smelter  was  watched  with  intense  interest  by  the  scientific  world, 
and  its  successful  outcome  wrote  a  new  page  in  the  history  of  ore  reduc- 
tion. 

Mr.  Bain  was  the  first  to  use  electricity  in  the  separation  of  gold, 
silver  and  copper  from  ores  and  superintended  the  installation  of  the 
first  plant.  Before  this  time,  if  under  a  certain  percentage,  it  was  sent 
to  Europe  for  separation.  This  electrical  process  is  now  employed  by 
all  large  mining  companies  in  the  United  States. 

Seeking  recuperation,  Mr.  Bain  went  to  New  York,  but  though  very 
ill  at  the  time,  A.  S.  Bigelow  wired  him  that  he  must  return  with  him 
and  others  to  Montana  on  a  trip  of  inspection.  A  special  car  was  pro- 
vided and  the  plant  inspected  and  approved,  but  as  a  result  of  the  etTort 
Mr.  Bain  was  in  bed  for  six  months. 

Thus  in  many  essential  respects  Mr.  Bain  should  be  credited  with 
the  building  of  the  gigantic  smelters  at  Great  Falls,  Montana,  for  it  was 
his  work  that  made  the  successful  operation  of  the  plant  possible  and 
the  separation  of  metals  by  electricity.  His  achievements  in  the  recovery 
of  copper  and  other  metals  from  base  ores  give  him  high  rank  as  a  mining 
engineer.  After  his  recovery  from  the  strain  of  overwork,  concluding 
with  a  long  vacation  in  Bermuda,  he  engaged  in  general  business  for  the 
Lewisohns  until  his  retirement.  Mr.  Bain  had  been  coming  to  California 
for  twenty  years,  and  deciding  upon  Riverside  for  his  winter  home, 
built  the  commodious  and  handsome  place  on  Orange  Grove  Avenue 
which  he  still  occupies.  He  goes  away  every  summer,  particularly  to 
Rockland,  Maine,  where  he  still  has  interests. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        735 

Mr.  Bain  has  been  in  every  state  of  the  Union  and  most  of  the  foreign 
countries.  He  is  known  as  a  philantliropist  and  has  provided  an  endow- 
ment fund  for  the  education  of  four  children  and  has  educated  fifteen 
or  twenty  in  the  Staten  Island  Academy.  He  built  the  contagious  wards 
in  the  Smith  Infirmary,  and  has  always  been  ready  with  his  time  and 
purse  to  assist  those  less  fortunate  than  himself.  Much  of  his  time  has 
been  spent  in  travel,  and  he  has  crossed  the  Atlantic  seventeen  times. 
He  is  a  life  member  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers,  is  a 
director  in  the  Riverside  Hospital  and  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Order. 
His  wife  was  Miss  Helen  Snow,  a  native  of  Maine,  daughter  of  Israel 
Snow,  a  shipbuilder  of  Rockland.     Mrs.  Bain  is  of  Mayflower  ancestry. 

David  W.  Lewis  has  the  worth  while  distinction  of  being  the  oldest 
title  man  in  Riverside  County,  and  is  president  and  manager  of  the 
Riverside  County  Title  and  Guaranty  Company.  He  came  to  Riverside 
over  thirty  years  ago,  and  as  an  incident  of  his  work,  involving  practi- 
cally the  writing  of  the  title  history  of  this  district,  furnished  much  of 
the  data  favoring  the  formation  of  Riverside  and  San  Bernardino 
counties.  One  of  the  contentions  set  forth  in  behalf  of  Riverside  was 
that  this  portion  of  the  older  county  had  not  received  its  share  of  benefit 
from  the  taxation,  though  paying  more  than  one-third  of  the  total 
volume  of  taxes  of  San  Bernardino  County,  of  which  it  was  then  a  part. 
Information  supplied  by  Mr.  Lewis  had  much  to  do  with  determining 
where  the  boundaries  of  the  new  county  should  run.  From  official 
records  he  supplied  the  data  accounting  for  the  jog  made  in  the  county 
line  in  order  that  that  line  might  be  kept  a  certain  distance  from  the 
county  seat. 

David  W.  Lewis  was  born  in  the  little  village  of  Eaton,  Indiana. 
November  24,  1864,  in  the  locality  where  the  first  petroleum  oil  dis- 
coveries were  made  in  the  Indiana  field.  His  father,  Isaac  Lewis,  was 
of  Welsh  ancestry  and  of  old  American  stock  and  was  also  born  ir 
Indiana.  He  served  as  a  member  of  Company  C,  84th  Indiana  Infantry, 
during  the  Civil  war,  and  the  hardships  and  exposure  of  that  struggle 
brought  on  his  death  two  years  after  he  returned  home.  The  mother 
of  David  W.  Lewis  was  Jaretta  Babb,  a  native  of  Indiana  and  now 
living  at  Portland,  in  that  state.  Her  father  was  David  Babb,  a  merchant 
and  farmer,  and  of  German  ancestry. 

David  W.  Lewis  supplemented  his  public  school  education  with  a 
college  career  in  DePauw  University  at  Greencastle,  Indiana.  He  grad- 
uated Ph.  B.  in  1891,  and  subsequently  received  the  Master  of  Arts 
degree. 

Mr.  Lewis,  soon  after  coming  to  Riverside  in  1891,  took  the  post 
of  manager  of  the  Riverside  Abstract  &  Title  Company.  He  was  with 
that  company  until  1894,  and  part  of  the  time  he  was  also  correspondent 
for  the  Los  Angeles  Express  in  Riversire  and  San  Bernardino  counties. 
During  1894-95  he  was  director  of  searches  for  the  Riverside  Abstract 
Company,  and  from  1896  to  1901  was  secretarv  of  the  Abstract  & 
Title  Guaranty  Company  of  Santa  Ana.  From  1901  to  1911  he  was 
manager  of  the  Riverside  Title  &  Trust  Company,  and  part  of  the  same 
time,  from  1908  and  continuing  until  1913,  was  assistant  secretary  and 
then  vice  president  of  the  People's  Abstract  &  Trust  Company  of  El 
Centro.  This  was  the  pioneer  title  company  in  the  Imperial  Valley. 
From  1914  to  1916  he  was  with  the  Title  Insurance  &  Trust  Company 
of  Los  Angeles,  and  in  January,  1917,  he  and  associates  organized  the 
Riverside  County  Title  and  Guaranty  Company,  of  which  he  has  been 
president  and  manager.     This  company  was  organized  with  a  capital  of 


lie        SAN  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

a  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  its  prestige  and  success  from  the  be- 
ginning has  been  largely  due  to  the  fact  that  its  president  was  able  to 
give  the  company  the  benefit  of  his  more  than  twenty-five  years  expe- 
rience in  title  work. 

While  he  was  with  the  Title  Insurance  &  Trust  Company  of  Los 
Angeles  an  attack  was  made  on  the  title  of  the  Yorba  estate,  covering 
property  extending  from  east  of  Corona  to  Newport  Beach  and  in- 
cluding other  property  in  Riverside,  Orange,  San  Bernardino  and  Los 
Angeles  counties.  In  connection  with  Walter  L.  Koethean,  a  former 
resident  of  Riverside,  Mr.  Lewis  wrote  a  resume  of  the  title  to  those 
properties,  and  an  opinion  recommending  that  the  claim  be  ignored. 
He  also  assisted  the  attorneys  in  furnishing  the  records  in  regard  to  some 
of  the  Yorba  heirs  from  1858  down.  The  decision  of  the  Supreme 
Court  was  made  in  accordance  with  their  recommendations  as  to  the 
invalidity  of  the  claim.  While  in  Santa  Ana  ]\Ir.  Lewis  helped  straighten 
out  one  of  the  early  Mexican  claims.  Mr.  Lewis  was  also  one  of  the 
leaders  in  ignoring  the  claim  of  the  new  Mexican  colony  to  Riverside, 
a  claim  first  presented  in  1884.  Most  of  these  matters  have  since  been 
adjusted.  The  company  he  was  with  furnished  the  abstract  for  the 
ground  occupied  by  the  Post  Office  building  in  Riverside.  Incorporated 
in  the  abstract  were  the  opinions  of  four  dififerent  attorneys,  which 
were  required  before  the  U.  S.  District  Attorney  would  pass  the  claims  of 
the  Mexicans  as  being  invalid.  The  opinions  of  William  Collier,  W^  A. 
Purington  and  Judge  J.  G.  North  accompanied  this  abstract. 

While  in  the  Imperial  Valley  Mr.  Lewis  straightened  out  many  titles, 
including  the  titles  of  the  townsite  of  Seeley.  None  of  the  township 
or  the  government  maps  or  the  Imperial  County  survey  agreed.  He  had 
a  record  survey  made  with  cross  references  enabling  the  various  de- 
scriptions to  be  harmonized. 

From  all  this  it  is  not  difiicult  to  understand  the  authoritative  posi- 
tion Mr.  Lewis  enjoys  among  the  title  men  of  Southern  California. 
Besides  the  business  of  which  he  is  president  he  is  interested  with  others 
in  a  two  hundred  acre  tract,  highly  suitable  for  deciduous  fruits,  known 
as  Cabazon,  near  Banning.  This  property  is  now  being  developed. 
He  is  also  interested  in  some  oil  development  in  this  section. 

Without  seeking  office  Mr.  Lewis  has  worked  for  the  success  oi 
the  republican  party  and  is  generally  around  the  polls  on  election  day. 
His  support  and  encouragement  can  be  readily  depended  upon  when 
anything  affecting  the  welfare  of  Riverside  is  concerned.  One  organiza- 
tion in  which  he  has  long  been  interested  is  the  Sons  of  Veterans.  He 
has  been  commander  of  the  River.side  Post  of  this  order  four  different 
times,  has  been  identified  with  the  order  itself  more  than  thirty  years 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Division  Council  of  California  and  the  Pacific 
one  year  and  is  a  member  of  the  Past  Commanders  Club  of  the  Sons 
of  Veterans  of  Southern  California.  In  former  years  he  was  one  of 
the  directors  of  the  Riverside  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  and  is  a  member  of  the 
First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

April  18,  189,t.  at  Riverside.  Mr.  Lewis  married  Miss  Edith  M. 
Binks.  She  was  born  at  San  Jose,  in  the  famous  Santa  Clara  Valley 
of  California.  Her  parents.  Benjamin  and  Melissa  Binks.  the  formei 
a  native  of  England,  and  the  latter  of  Canada,  were  early  settlers  ir 
the  Golden  State.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lewis  have  four  children.  Gertrude, 
the  oldest,  is  the  wife  of  L.  E.  Bloodgood,  in  the  insurance  and  real 
estate  business  at  Santa  Ana.  and  has  two  children,  named  L.  E., 
Jr.,  and  Ellison.  Robert  O.  Lewis  enlisted  in  the  navy  about  the  close 
of  the  war,  and  after  his  discharge  entered  the  abstract  business  with 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES         ly? 

his  father.  He  married  Miss  Helen  I.eiiardl,  a  native  of  Danville 
Illinois,  and  they  have  a  daughter,  Ruth.  The  third  child,  Clara  Louise, 
is  the  wife  of  Brooks  W.  Lowentrout,  with  the  Union  Oil  Company  of 
Riverside,  and  has  one  son,  Jack  Lewis  Lowentrout.  The  youngest  of 
the  family  is  Benjamin,  a  high  school  student,  a  young  man  of  special 
talent  whose  studies  are  now  concentrated  on  art  in  preparation  for  a 
career  as  a  cartoonist. 

Mrs.  Edith  Binks  Lewis  through  her  great-great-grandfather.  Chris- 
tian Schell,  is  a  member  of  the  D.  A.  R.  Her  great-grandfather,  during 
the  Revolutionary  war,  was  carried  away  to  Canada  by  the  Indians. 

Henry  A.  \\'estbrook  is  one  of  the  few  survivors  of  those  who 
established  themselves  permanently  at  Riverside  in  the  centennial  year. 
He  is  from  Iowa,  the  fountainhead  of  the  early  colonization  in  this  part 
of  Southern  California.  He  has  contributed  effort  and  cash  to  th( 
progressive  development  of  the  city.  For  many  years  he  performed 
an  essentially  constructive  service,  since  he  was  a  contractor  and  builder. 
For  a  quarter  of  a  century  or  more,  though  identified  with  banking  and 
other  enterprises,  his  principal  time  has  been  devoted  to  his  twent\ 
acre  orange  grove  at  150  Xorth  Orange  Street. 

Mr.  Westbrook  was  born  at  LeRaysville,  Bradford  County,  Penn- 
sylvania, June  20,  1848,  son  of  Benjamin  A.  and  Lucy  (Nichols)  West- 
brook.  On  both  sides  his  family  has  been  in  America-  since  Colonial 
days.  His  father  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey  and  of  a  Connecticut 
fani'ly  cf  English  descent,  while  his  mother  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
of  Scotch  ancestry.  Henry  A.  Westbrook  had  a  public  school  educa- 
tion. He  lived  and  worked  on  a  farm  until  he  was  seventeen.  His 
father  was  also  a  contractor  and  builder,  and  after  learning  the  car- 
penter's trade  Henry  Westbrook  was  associated  with  his  father  in  the 
construction  of  houses  for  three  years.  It  is  not  his  fault  that  he  had 
no  military  experience,  since  during  the  Civil  war  he  tried  to  enlist, 
being  rejected  by  the  examiners  because  of  his  youth. 

Eor  a  year  or  so  Mr.  W'estbrook  followed  his  trade  in  Northern  lUi- 
nois.  at  Freeport.  and  at  Lanark  and  Mount  Carroll  in  Carroll  County 
In  September,  1869,  he  went  to  Clinton,  Iowa,  and  thence  to  Belle 
Plaine.  where  he  was  in  the  contracting  and  building  business  until  the 
great  fire  in  Chicago  in  October,  1871.  He  reached  Chicago  ten  days 
later,  while  the  ruins  were  still  smouldering,  and  for  two  years  his  time 
and  energies  were  devoted  to  the  tremendous  task  of  rebuilding  that 
city.  While  in  Chicago  he  contracted  tuberculosis.  His  physician  gave 
him  but  a  short  time  to  live.  In  May,  1873.  he  returned  to  Belle 
Plaine,  Iowa,  and  on  the  10th  of  April,  1876.  arrived  at  Riverside. 
Messrs.  Waite,  Tw^ogood,  Rowe  and  others  from  Belle  Plaine  were  among 
the  first  settlers  from  Riverside,  and  it  was  through  them  that  he 
heard  of  the  manv  attractions  of  the  locality.  Chief  among  the  benefits 
conferred  upon  him  personally  was  a  complete  recovery  from  tubercu- 
losis, but  many  other  things  as  well  have  contributed  to  the  complete 
satisfaction  he  has  enioyed  durine  his  forty-five  years  of  residence  in 
this  garden  spot  of  the  world.  His  father-in-law,  Robert  McDowell 
had  started  to  build  the  house  at  150  North  Orange  Street,  and  Mr 
Westbrook  completed  it  and  has  lived  in  that  one  place  ever  since.  The 
first  year  he  largely  rested,  working  around  the  home,  and  then  actively 
resumed  the  contracting  and  building  business.  His  first  contract  was 
the  house  on  Fourteenth  street  now  occupied  by  S.  L.  Herrick.  Mr. 
Westbrook  was  a  building  contractor  here  until  1893,  since  which 
year  he  has  looked  after  his  private  interests.     A  number  of  the  pio- 


738         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

neer  structures  of  Riverside  bear  testimony  to  his  enterprise.  These 
include  the  Evans  business  building,  the  Evans  residence  on  Magnolia 
Avenue,  the  old  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  now  part  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn, 
the  Frederick  building  on  Main  Street  across  from  the  Inn,  the  Hayt 
and  Masters  buildings  on  Main  Street,  the  J.  S.  Sims  residence  on  Orange 
Street,  remodeling  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside  from  a  one  to  a 
two  story  building,  the  one  story  brick  building  adjoining  and  its  re- 
modeling to  two  stories,  the  George  Cunningham  block  where  the 
Gaylor  Rouse  store  now  is,  and  several  frame  blocks  on  Main  Street 
that  have  since  been  burned.  Four  of  these  buildings  were  on  Eighth 
and  Main,  owned  by  H.  M.  Beers. 

The  twenty-acre'  tract  of  land  he  took  on  North  Orange  Street  was 
partially  replanted,  but  he  has  since  replanted  all  of  it,  and  his  con- 
tinuous management  of  the  grove  since  1893  has  resulted  in  many 
profitable  crops.  Mr.  W'estbrook  was  a  stockholder  and  organizer 
of  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside,  and  remained  a  director  and  vice 
president  until  1920.  \\'hen  this  bank  was  projected  it  was  the  inten- 
tion of  Los  Angeles  men  to  control  the  stock.  The  plan  was  upset  by  Mr. 
W'estbrook,  who  placed  all  the  capital  among  Riverside  men.  He  is 
also  a  stockholder  in  the  Citizens  National  Bank.  For  many  years  he 
has  been  a  director  in  the  Riverside  Water  Company  and  has  been  a 
director  in  the  River.side  Heights  Orange  Growers  Association  since  its 
organization,  and  is  also  a  director  of  the  Fruit  Growers  Exchange. 

These  facts  indicate  the  substantial  nature  of  his  association  with 
Riverside.  At  the  same  time  he  has  throughout  enjoyed  the  highest 
degree  of  civic  esteem  and  is  one  of  Riverside's  most  popular  citizens. 
He  has  been  interested  in  local  elections  as  a  republican,  but  has  never 
sought  office. 

January  4,  1871,  at  Belle  Plaine,  Iowa,  Mr.  Westbrook  married 
Miss  Jane  Elizabeth  McDowell.  She  was  born  in  Ohio.  Her  first 
.•\merican  ancestors  were  two  brothers  from  Scotland,  one  settling  ir. 
Pennsylvania  and  the  other  in  Tennessee.  Her  grandfather  was  at 
Valley  Forge  with  Washington.  Her  father,  Robert  McDowell,  was 
a  lumberman,  farmer,  and  an  extensive  land  owner  and  dealer  in  Iowa. 
Mrs.  \\'estbrook  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  Their  two 
daughters  are  Lucy  Ada  and  Lova  Elda.  Lucy  Ada  is  the  wife  of 
George  E.  Morris,  of  Riverside.  Lova  Elda  is  the  widow  of  Alexander 
Nielson,  and  has  a  daughter,  Margaret  Elizabeth.  Alexander  Nielson  was 
a  native  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  asso- 
ciated with  the  Bank  of  Italy  at  Los  Angeles. 

Captain  John  T.  Lawler — A  Southerner  by  birth  and  ancestry,  one 
of  the  bravest  and  most  intrepid  soldiers  and  officers  of  the  Confederacy. 
Captain  John  T.  Lawler  was  always  distinguished  by  the  charm,  address 
and  perfect  courtesy  of  the  old  Southern  gentleman.  He  lived  for 
many  years  at  Riverside,  where  he  was  a  prominent  orange  grower, 
and  was  equally  active  in  church,  fraternal  and  social  circles.  It  was 
ill  health  brought  on  by  hazardous  undertakings  and  exposure  during 
the  war  that  caused  him  to  come  West,  and  ever  afterward  he  was  z 
loyal  son  of  California  and  exemplified  the  generous  nature  of  the  old 
soldier  who  buries  the  dead  past.  It  was  perhaps  typical  of  his  tolerant 
spirit  that  he  even  voted  with  the  republican  party  after  coming  to 
Riverside. 

The  death  of  this  gallant  soldier,  March  4,  1910,  was  an  occasion  foi 
mourning  among  his  many   friends.  Captain  Lawler  is  survived  by  his 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        739 

vs'idow,  Mrs.  Jennie  B.  Lawler,  who  occupies  her  old  home  at  472 
Fourteenth   Street. 

When  the  war  broke  out  between  the  North  and  the  South  Captain 
Lawler  was  hving  in  Mempliis,  Tennessee.  He  at  once  joined  the  first 
cavalry  regiment  raised  for  action  in  the  Confederate  Army.  Because 
Colonel  Jackson  for  some  reason  failed  to  report  it,  the  regiment  was 
organized  as  the  Seventh  Tennessee  Cavalry.  Captain  Lawler  helped 
recruit  Company  A  of  the  regiment,  and  was  second  sergeant,  then 
orderly  sergeant,  and  on  the  reorganization  in  1862  was  made  second 
lieutenant,  later  rising  from  second  lieutenant  to  the  captaincy  of  a  com- 
pany. On  account  of  his  brilliant  personal  record  he  was  promoted  in 
1864  to  major  of  the  Fifth  Mississippi  Cavalry,  but  he  declined  the  pro- 
motion and  refused  to  leave  the  men  with  whom  he  had  shared  .so 
many  dangers  on  field  of  battle.  The  Seventh  Tennessee  was  the  crack 
regiment  in  General  Forrest's  Cavalry.  While  the  regiment  arrived  too 
late  to  take  part  in  the  battle  of  Belmont,  it  afterward  shared  in  the 
experiences  of  such  battles  as  Lockridge  Mill,  Bolivar,  Medon  Station 
where  Captain  Lawler  sustained  a  flesh  wound,  Briton's  Lane,  the  fol- 
lowing day,  where  he  was  again  wounded,  Davis  Bridge,  second  battle 
of  Corinth,  and  Holly  Springs,  where  he  received  the  surrender  of 
Colonel  Murphy.  Then  followed  a  period  of  detailed  duty  watching  the 
enemy  at  Memphis,  and  Captain  Lawler  took  part  in  skirmishes  at 
Matthew's  Ferry  on  the  Tallahatchie  River,  Walnut  Lake,  where  with 
a  very  small  company  he  kept  in  check  a  large  force  of  the  enemy  and 
saved  the  Confederate  wagon  train  of  General  Chalmers  from  capture 
At  this  time  Captain  Lawler  was  four  times  wounded  while  gallantly 
leading  his  devoted  men  into  action.  Toward  the  close  of  that  phase 
of  his  duty  he  was  captured  by  the  Federals.  Any  one  of  his  wounds 
was  regarded  as  fatal,  and  for  that  reason  he  was  paroled  by  Major 
General  Sweeney  of  Sherman's  Army  Corps.  Summoning  all  his  resolu- 
tion Captain  Lawler  refused  to  die  and  after  a  nine  months'  fight  was 
able  to  rejoin  his  regiment.  His  parole  paper  is  still  in  the  possessior 
of  Mrs.  Lawler.  After  reporting  for  duty  he  was  in  the  battles  of 
Athens,  Sulphur  Springs,  Tre.stle,  fighting  all  along  the  line  of  the  rail- 
road from  Pulaski,  Tennessee,  and  October  30,  1864,  at  Paris  Landing, 
was  ordered  by  General  Chambers  to  attack  the  steamer  J.  W.  Cheese- 
man,  which  he  did  and  compelled  its  surrender.  During  the  last  months 
of  the  war  Captain  Lawler  was  with  Generals  Head  and  Forrest  in 
the  constant  fighting  through  Central  and  Southern  Alabama.  Part  of 
the  command  pushed  on  to  Selma  under  General  Forrest,  where  they 
fought  the  entire  column  of  Wilson's  cavalry.  At  the  end  Captain 
Lawler  surrendered  with  his  regiment  and  came  out  of  the  army  one 
of  the  best  liked,  most  pojiular  and  daring  of  the  South's  gallant 
friends.  He  always  led  his  men,  put  himself  in  the  most  dangerous 
place,  and  it  was  little  less  than  a  miracle  that  he  escaped  alive.  The 
four  serious  wounds  he  received  in  one  day  came  while  leading  his  men 
against  the  breastworks  of  Colliersville.  Tennessee,  in  October,  1862. 

The  war  over.  Captain  Lawler  returned  to  Memphis  and  resumed 
his  business  career,  first  as  a  druggist,  then  in  the  grocery  business,  and 
later  as  a  cotton  commission  merchant.  He  steadilv  prospered,  but  in 
time  his  health  failed  completely.  In  1886  he  sought  recovery  at  Col- 
orado Springs,  but  in  the  spring  of  1887  came  to  California  and  bought 
a  ten  acre  orange  grove  at  Riverside.  This  property  he  later  sold.  He 
then  occupied  with  Mrs.  Lawler  a  beautiful  home  on  Fourteenth  Street 
a  home  which  for  years  has  been  an  attractive  center  for  the  large  group 
of   their  admiring   friends.     Captain   Lawler  also   owned   a   seven   acre 


740         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  R1\-ERSIDE  COUNTIES 

orange  grove  on  Cypress  Avenue.  Though  nol  fond  of  poHtics  or  pubHc 
life,  he  served  five  years  on  the  City  Council  in  Riverside.  Orange  cul- 
ture was  a  subject  that  enlisted  his  greatest  enthusiasm,  and  he  was 
busy  in  his  grove  from  the  time  he  came  to  Riverside  until  shortly  before 
his  death. 

Captain  Lawler  was  very  actively  identified  with  the  F"irst  Baptist 
Church  of  Riverside,  was  church  collector,  then  assistant  treasurer  and 
for  eleven  years  was  head  of  its  Finance  Committee.  The  loyalty  and 
service  he  gave  to  this  church  is  happily  expressed  in  a  memorial  of 
sympathy  sent  to  Mrs.  Lawler  after  his  death  and  still  greatly  prized 
by  her.  Mr.  Lawler  was  a  member  of  the  United  Confederate  Veterans 
Association  in  Tennessee  and  was  affiliated  with  the  Ancient  Order  of 
United  Workmen. 

Captain  Lawler  married  at  Memphis  one  of  the  South's  most 
charming  daughters,  Miss  Jennie  B.  Taylor.  Her  father,  Colonel 
Washington  Taylor,  represented  an  old  Southern  family  and  at  one 
time  was  a  cotton  operator  on  a  large  scale  at  Memphis.  At  the  time 
of  her  marriage  Mrs.  Lawler  was  living  near  Meniphis,  Tennessee. 
She  shared  with  Captain  Lawler  in  church  and  social  activities  of 
Riverside,  and  during  the  World  war  was  one  of  the  busiest  members 
of  the  local  Red  Cross. 

Miguel  Estudillo — Descended  from  a  long  line  of  illustrious 
families  brilliantly  prominent  from  the  earliest  period  of  the  life  of  our 
Golden  State,  Miguel  Estudillo  can  surely  claim  to  have  been  "born  in 
the  Purple,"  a  Native  Son  of  Native. Sons. 

No  man  could  ask  for  his  life  to  commence  under  more  auspicious 
circumstances,  and  that  he  has  been  worthy  of  his  heritage  is  proven  by 
the  record  of  his  life,  in  which  he  has  honorably  represented  his  ances- 
tors and  has  rewritten  the  names  in  the  annals  of  the  state  and  also  in 
those  of  the  nation.  He  has  won  political  preferment  because  it  was 
his  due,  not  only  for  his  forensic  brilliancy  but  for  the  spirit  born  of 
honest  purpose  with  which  he  always  worked  for  the  greatest  good  to 
the  greatest  number,  seldom  meeting  with  defeat,  but  when  he  did  calmly 
marshalling  all  his  energies  for  the  success  he  ultimately  won. 

Miguel  Estudillo  was  born  in  San  Bernardino,  September  20,  1870, 
the  .son  of  Jose  A.  Estudillo  and  Adelaide  (Rubidoux)  Estudillo.  He 
was  graduated  from  the  public  schools  of  San  Diego  and  then  entered 
Santa  Clara  College  from  which  he  graduated  in  1890.  He  went  to  San 
Diego  from  there,  but  a  little  later  returned  to  the  family  home.  He 
served  as  deputy  court  clerk  of  San  Diego  County,  which  position  he  held 
until  1893.  Here  he  was  appointed  clerk  of  the  Board  of  County 
Supervisors,  which  position  he  held  until  1895.  at  all  spare  moments 
diligently  preparing  for  his  career  in  the  law.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  immediately  opened  an  office  and  commenced  his  highly  suc- 
cessful practice  in  the  City  of  Los  Angeles.  In  1899  an  important  case 
which  had  to  be  fought  in  the  courts  of  Mexico  took  him  to  the  City 
of  Mexico,  and  there  he  remained  for  nearly  three  years,  when  he 
returned  to  Riverside  and  his  profession,  to  neither  of  which  had  his 
devotion  ever  lessened. 

But  the  public  needed  him  and  on  November  8.  1904.  he  was  elected 
to  the  As'^embly  of  the  State  from  the  Seventy-eighth  District,  where  he 
began  his  work  for  the  city  of  his  adoption  and  for  his  state.  In  1905 
he  secured  an  appropriation  of  $35,000  for  the  establishment  of  an  Agri- 
cultural Experiment  Station  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  Roubidoux.  At  this  ses- 
sion the  bill  was  passed  transferring  the  great  Yosemite  Park  to  the 
United  States  Government  after  a  stormy  session  in  which  Mr.  Estudillo 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         741 

was  a  predominant  figure,  having  always  favored  the  bill.  By  his  skill 
in  handling  this  bill  he  attracted  the  attention  of  the  prominent  solons 
and  also  much  special  personal  attention.  Of  the  latter  he  was  greatly 
pleased  by  the  letters  from  the  famous  John  Muir,  who  presented  him 
with  copies  of  his  two  works,  "Mountains  of  California"  and  "Our 
National  Parks." 

In  1907  Mr.  Estudillo  was  accorded  the  position  of  chairman  of  the 
ways  and  means  committee  of  the  Assembly,  and  in  the  same  year  was 
also  made  chairman  of  the  California  delegation  to  the  Fifteenth  Irriga- 
tion Congress  at  Sacramento.  He  also  went  as  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Irrigation  Congress  at  Boise  City,  Idaho,  from  Southern  California.  He 
was  an  ardent  supporter  of  the  Roosevelt-Pinchot  Conservation  policies, 
and  won  out  in  his  fight  with  the  Hon.  W.  R.  King  of  Oregon,  in  which 
a  resolution  endorsing  these  policies  was  presented. 

November  3,  1908,  Mr.  Estudillo  was  honored  by  the  people  with  an 
election  to  the  State  Senate.  Here  he  made  his  famous  fight  for  local 
option,  but  though  the  bill  was  for  the  nonce  defeated,  he  was  not  defeated 
and  in  1911  again  took  up  the  fight,  this  time  the  Wyllie  local  option 
measure,  and  he  carried  it  through  to  success.  The  papers  were  very 
laudatory  and  the  official  organ  of  the  Anti-Saloon  party  said  among 
many  other  things :  "We  may,  however,  without  invidious  comparison, 
mention  the  name  of  Senator  Miguel  Estudillo,  of  Riverside  Countv,  who 
had  charge  of  the  measure  in  the  Upper  House.  *  *  *  Senator 
Estudillo  introduced  the  local  option  bill  in  the  Senate  two  years  ago 
and  did  yoeman  work  in  behalf  of  the  measure.  *  *  *  jt  ^as  not 
only  fitting  but  fortunate  that  the  Wyllie  Bill,  after  its  approval  by  the 
Assembly,  was  in  charge  of  the  Riverside  Senator.  *  *  * ;  without 
giving  offence  to  those  who  opposed  the  measure.  Senator  Estudillo  met 
and  answered  every  argument  against  it,  and,  with  unyielding  tenacity, 
refused  to  accept  amendments  which  were  intended  to  impair  its  efficiency. 
*  *  *.  The  subsequent  career  of  the  bill  was  thick-set  with  peril  and 
it  required  skillful  management,  unfaltering  fidelity,  courage  and  deter- 
mination to  carry  the  measure  safely  through  and  win  for  it  success." 
And  all  these  qualities  Mr.  Estudillo  had,  and  has  today. 

In  1909  Senator  Estudillo  was  chairman  of  the  committee  on  election 
laws  of  the  Senate,  which  recommended,  by  minority  report,  the  passage 
of  the  direct  primary  law.  creating  a  revolution  in  state  politics  and 
forever  destroying  machine  rule.  In  1911  this  passed  the  Legislature. 
In  1911  Mr.  Estudillo  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  holdover  com- 
mittee, which  investigated  the  notorious  school  book  trust  of  the  state, 
and  as  a  result  of  the  findings  of  the  committee  the  trust  became  a  thing 
of  the  past. 

In  1911  Senator  Estudillo  secured  another  appropriation  for  his 
county,  this  time  to  establish  the  laboratory  and  make  improvements  at 
the  Mt.  Rubidoux  Experimental  Station.  In  his  public  life  the  Senator 
has  always  been  a  power  to  be  carefully  considered,  and,  withal,  a  most 
interesting  figure  of  no  slight  distinction. 

Mr.  Estudillo  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  United  States  Supreme- 
Court,  and  is  one  of  the  three  attorneys  of  this  district  who  are  members 
of  the  National  Bar  Association  of  the  United  States.  The  other  two  are 
Judge  H.  H.  Craig  and  H.  L.  Thompson. 

In  Riverside,  the  city  of  his  adoption,  Mr.  Estudillo  is  an  honored 
citizen,  always  proving  himself  worthy  of  recognition,  a  true  Californian. 
The  grandson  of  Don  Louis  Rubidoux  has  many  interesting  documents 
relating  to  him,  letters,  books  and  pamphlets.  Many  books  have  been 
written  of  the  proud  old  Don.  a  recent  one  being  "The  Story  of  the 
Rubidoux    Rancho."     A    few   years   ago    Mr.    Estudillo    received    letters 


742        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

from  a  man  named  Hardy,  at  that  time  over  eighty  years  of  age.  He 
had  been  a  close  companion  of  Don  Louis  and  a  teacher  for  him,  receiving 
for  the  latter  fifteen  dollars  per  month  and  his  board  and  room,  the 
state  also  giving  him  fifty  dollars  per  month.  He  wanted  to  marry  one 
of  Don  Louis'  daughters,  and  while  the  Don  was  willing,  her  mother 
was  not,  as,  bt.ing  English,  he  would  take  her  away  from  her  home  and 
country.  She  later  married  a  rancher.  Mr.  Hardy  had  money  when 
he  came  to  California,  but  lost  it  in  mining  for  gold.  He  went  to  Aus- 
tralia later,  having  been  with  Don  Louis  from  1856  to  1862.  The 
Rubidoux  name,  as  everyone  knows,  is  a  part  of  the  history  of  California. 

On  the  paternal  side  Mr.  Estudillo  is  also  linked  with  the  history  of 
California,  for  his  grandfather,  Don  Jose  A.  Estudillo,  was  revenue  col- 
lector and  treasurer  of  San  Diego  County  in  1823-30.  In  1835  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legislative  Deputation,  the  law-making  body 
of  California  at  that  time.  He  was  urged  to  accept  the  governorship  of 
California  at  this  time,  but  would  not  do  so.  In  1840  he  was  for  two 
years  justice  of  the  Supreme  Tribunal,  and  in  the  last  year  of  this  serv- 
ice he  was  granted  the  San  Jacinto  Rancho  from  the  Mexican  Govern- 
ment, grateful  for  his  loyal,  able  service. 

In  1843  he  was  appointed  administrator  of  the  Mission  San  Luis 
Rey  and  two  years  later  he  was  made  judge  of  the  Mission.  In  Septem- 
ber, 1849,  Brigadier  General  Riley,  of  the  United  States  Army,  appointed 
Don  Jose  judge  of  the  First  Instance  for  the  District  of  San  Diego. 
Later  he  was  elected  assessor  of  San  Diego,  the  first  to  hold  that  ofiicc 
under  the  American  regime.  Don  Jose's  ancestors  were  all  fighting  men, 
military  to  the  core,  a  quality  which  has  been  transmitted  down  through 
the  years  to  his  descendants.  His  father,  the  great-grandfather  of  Miguel 
Estudillo,  was  a  captain  in  the  Spanish  Army.  He  passed  away  in  1853, 
leaving  his  son,  also  Don  Jose  A.  Estudillo,  to  carry  on  the  name.  His 
life  work  has  been  along  the  lines  of  a  land  owner  principally.  His 
wife,  the  mother  of  Miguel  Estudillo.  was  a  daughter  of  Don  Louis 
Rubidoux,  of  whom  extended  notice  will  be  found  elsewhere  in  these 
volumes.  One  of  Mr.  Estudillo's  uncles  was  state  treasurer  of  Cali- 
fornia from  1876  to  1880,  having  proved  his  fitness  for  the  office  by  the 
way  he  filled  the  office  of  treasurer  of  San  Diego  County  for  twelve 
years. 

Miguel  Estudillo  had  had  a  great  deal  of  military  experience  in  State 
military  affairs  as  captain  of  Company  M,  Seventh  Regiment,  California 
National  Guards,  so  when  the  World  War  broke  out  he  organized  the 
Home  Guards.  Of  this  he  was  elected  captain  and  received  his  com- 
mission from  the  governor  of  the  state.  He  also  organized  the  River- 
side Rifle  Club,  which  is  still  in  existence.  He  was  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Wilson  a  member  of  the  Legal  Advisory  Board  of  the  Selective 
Service  System,  his  associates  being  W.  A.  Purington  (now  deceased) 
and  Judge  Hugh  H.  Craig.  Before  the  United  States  entered  the  war 
Mr.  Estudillo  organized  the  Riverside  Red  Cross  Ambulance  Corps,  col- 
lected $1,600  from  the  citizens  and,  at  a  largely  attended  public  meeting 
held  in  the  park,  he  presented  the  money  to  Hewitt  Roblee,  a  son 
of  Dr.  Roblee,  for  the  purpose  of  buying  an  ambulance  for  service  in 
France.  An  up-to-the-minute  vehicle  was  secured  and  did  much  serv- 
ice overseas.  As  a  mark  of  appreciation  for  the  part  he  had  played 
in  securing  the  ambulance,  a  picture  of  it  in  service,  together  with  the 
ambulance  plate,  was  sent  to  Mr.  Estudillo  after  the  signing  of  the 
armistice.  During  the  war  Mr.  Estudillo  spared  neither  liis  time  nor 
his  finances  and  energies  to  be  of  service.  He  was  at  work  early  and 
late  on  the  various  war  activities,  without  financial  consideration,  eager 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         743 

to  do  any  service  required  of  him,  exemplifying  in  its  truest,  finest  form 
that  which  we  know  under  the  name  of  "true  patriotism." 

In  addition  to  his  other  activities  Mr.  Estudillo  has  been  city  attorney 
since  1918.  As  an  attorney  his  splendid  professional  talent  is  never 
questioned  and  his  wide  knowledge  and  fine  intellectual  powers  are  in 
constant  demand.  He  has  also  the  rare  gift  of  oratory,  a  magnetic  and 
forceful  speaker  and  can  always_"put  across"  any  argument  he  is  pre- 
senting. And  he  enthusiastically  supports  any  and  all  things  which  are 
for  the  good  of  his  city,  county  or  state,  is  a  valuable  factor  in  all  move- 
ments which  are  progressive  and  he  is  sure  and  resourceful  in  his  han- 
dling of  civic  problems. 

Socially  Mr.  Estudillo  is  well  known  and  fraternally  he  is  a  member  of 
the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Victoria  Club  of  Riverside  and  of  the  Jonathan  Club  and  the  Union 
League  Club  of  Los  Angeles.  Politically  he  is  proud  of  his  allegiance  to 
the  republican  party. 

On  February  22,  1903,  Mr.  Estudillo  wedded  Miss  Minerva  Cook, 
who  is  a  direct  descendant  of  James  Cook,  who  came  over  in  the  May- 
flower and  settled  in  Winchester,  New  Hampshire,  where  she  was  born. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Estudillo  have  two  sons,  Reginald  and  Francis. 

Harold  N.  Dunbar — The  Riverside  community  for  years  has  been 
sensible  of  the  fine  quality  of  public  service  and  public  spirited 
activity  of  both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harold  N.  Dunbar.  Mrs.  Dunbar  in 
particular  might  be  regarded  as  a  pioneer  in  that  form  of  community 
work  which  involves  the  participation  of  all  local  citizens  in  social 
entertainment  and  city  progress,  a  plan  and  idea  that  in  recent  years 
have  taken  hold  of  nearly  every  progressive  town  and  city  in  the 
country.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dunbar  were  responsible  for  the  first  outdoor 
Christmas  celebration  in  Southern  California.  This  celebration  has 
been  observed  for  five  consecutive  years  in  White  Park  at  Riverside. 

Mr.  Dunbar,  who  gave  a  quarter  of  a  century  to  public  service  in 
Riverside,  as  assistant  postmaster,  then  as  superintendent  of  parks 
and  later  as  citv  treasurer,  was  born  at  Brockton,  Massachusetts, 
December  13,  1859,  son  of  Heman  and  Mary  (Howard)  Dunbar,  both 
natives  of  Massachusetts  and  now  deceased.  His  father  was  of  Scotch 
and  his  mother  of  English  descent.  Heman  Dunbar  was  a  non-com- 
missioned officer  in  the  Union  Army  during  the  Civil  war. 

Harold  N.  Dunbar  acquired  a  public  school  education  at  Brockton, 
and  was  only  fifteen  years  of  age  when  he  left  New  England  for  the 
Pacific  Coast.  He  reached  California  in  1874,  and  for  the  first  two 
years  was  employed  in  a  drug  store  at  Gilroy  in  Santa  Clara  County. 
He  then  became  secretary  and  assistant  manager  of  the  San  Joaquin 
and.  Kings  River  Canal  and  Irrigation  Company  for  the  great  land 
owning  and  ranching  firm  of  Miller  &  Lux.  Subsequently  he  took 
charge  of  one  of  this  firm's  stores  in  Merced  County,  and  remained 
in  business  there  for  sixteen  or  seventeen  years.  For  two  years  he 
was  also  engaged  in  ranching  in  Merced  County  and  for  three  years 
was  manager  for  the  Carnell-Hopkins  real  estate  firm  in  San  Francisco. 

Mr.  Dunbar  moved  to  Riverside  in  1890  to  become  assistant  post- 
master under  his  brother,  F.  M.  Dunbar.  He  remained  in  that  office 
until  1906  under  Postmasters  Dunbar,  II.  M.  Streeter,  Frank  .Abbott 
and  George  D.  Cunningham.  .After  leaving  the  jjostoffice  he  was  for 
six  or  seven  years  superintendent  of  parks  in  Riverside,  and  he  was 
first  appointed  city  treasurer  by   the  council  to  fill  an  unexpired   term. 


744         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

In  the  fall  of   1919  he  was  elected  to  that  office,  beginning  his  four 
year  term  in  January,  1920.     Mrs.  Dunbar  is  his  chief  deputy. 

Mr.  Dunbar  is  a  Knight  Templar  Mason,  being  affiliated  with 
Pacific  Commandery  No.  3  of  Sonora,  California.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Kiwanis  Club,  is  a  republican  in  politics,  and  he  and  Mrs. 
Dunbar  are  members  of  the  Pioneer  Society,  the  Historical  Society 
and  the  City  Home  League.  Mr.  Dunbar  owns  a  nursery  on  Prospect 
Avenue  and  Penrose  Street,  where  plants  and  shrubs  are  propagated, 
the  specialty  being  the  Carob  tree.  In  this  work  he  is  assisted  by  his 
son  Fred  J. 

Among  other  community  activities  in  which  she  has  been  a  leader 
at  Riverside  Mrs.  Dunbar  assisted  in  organizing  the  Red  Cross  during 
the  war  and  devoted  to  that  cause  most  of  her  time.  She  helped 
organize  and  became  secretary  of  the  Spanish  Art  Society,  for  nine 
years  was  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Humane  Society,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

Mrs.  Dunbar  before  her  marriage  was  Miss  M.  B.  Boye.  They 
were  married  June  10,  1885,  in  San  Francisco,  where  she  was  born. 
Her  father,  O.  H.  Boye,  was  a  San  Francisco  business  man  and  with 
his  wife  came  to  California  when  they  were  young  people.  They 
were  of  French  and  German  ancestry.  Following  is  a  brief  record 
of  the  six  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dunbar:  Miss  Ethel  C,  formerly 
connected  with  the  Riverside  Post  Ofifice,  now  employed  in  the  San 
Francisco  Post  Ofifice ;  Fred  J.,  his  father's  partner  in  the  nursery 
business ;  Mabel,  wife  of  Edwin  M.  Daugherty,  a  Los  Angeles  business 
man,  their  two  children  being  Virginia  and  Richard;  Miss  Gladys 
D.,  associated  with  her  uncle  in  the  Boye  Photographic  Studio  of  San 
Francisco;  Miss  Marion  H..  a  teacher  at  Oakland,  California;  and 
Miss  Dorothy,  a  student  in  the  Junior  College  of  Riverside.  Fred 
J.  Dunbar  for  a  number  of  years  was  a  traveling  salesman  for  the 
Eastern  &  Western  Lumber  Company  of  Portland,  Oregon.  When 
.America  entered  the  war  with  Germany  he  enlisted  with  the  Forestry 
Division  of  the  21st  Engineers  Corps  and  was  in  France  until  the. 
signing  of  the  armistice. 

Philip  Momrde  S.wacjf, — Early  in  life  Dr.  Philip  Monroe  Savage 
determined  to  make  his  life  work  the  healing  of  his  fellowmen,  and 
to  secure  the  best  education  obtainable  in  order  to  realize  his  cherished 
ambition.  He  is  a  native  son  of  California  and  his  mother  is  a  native 
daughter,  and  his  primary  education  was  gained  in  his  home  state. 
He  has  had  more  educational  advantages  than  falls  to  the  lot  of  the 
majority  of  surgeons,  and  it  has  been  supplemented  by  wide  and 
varied  experiences,  by  long  contact  with  and  training  by  the  masters 
of  surgery  in  both  the  West  and  East.  He  is  the  natural  surgeon 
whose  work  is  a  pleasure  and  his  great  aim  in  life  to  skillfully  alleviate 
the  sufTering  of  humanity.  By  every  means  open  to  the  wide-awake 
surgeon  he  keeps  in  touch  with  every  improvement,  every  new  method 
and  discovery  in  the  line  of  his  work,  and  so  today  he  ministers  with 
undisputed  skill  to  the  surgical  necessities  of  the  community  which 
regard  him  with  confidence  based  upon  his  successful  work  in  the  city 
of  his  adoption  and  the  surrounding  country.  No  surgeon  stands 
higher  both  with  the  profession  and  the  people. 

Dr.  Savage  enlisted  early  in  the  World  war,  and  worked  long 
months,  in  the  camps,  but  at  the  last  moment  illness,  contracted  in 
the  line  of  duty,  held  him  hospital  bound  until  the  war  was  over.     He 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         745 

served  his  country  as  truly  as  though  he  had  worked  overseas 
throughout  the  war. 

Dr.  Savage  has  a  keen  interest  in  everything  relating  to  his  home 
city,  and  is  always  to  the  fore  when  anything  comes  up  which  will 
be  for  her  good,  and  is  a  dependable  factor  in  all  civic  matters.  In 
banking,  fraternal  and  social  circles  he  holds  the  same  high  position 
he  does  in  his  profession. 

Dr.  Savage  was  born  in  Tulare,  Tulare  County,  July  17,  1880,  the 
son  of  Philip  and  Flora  (Darby)  Savage,  his  father  a  native  of  Texas 
and  his  mother  of  California.  His  father  came  to  California  when  a 
young  man  and  located  in  Yolo  County,  where  he  followed  the  occu- 
pation of  a  wheat  farmer.  He  died  in  1913  in  Sanger,  Fresno  County. 
His  wife  is  now  living  in  Berkeley,  California.  Her  father  at  one  time 
owned  the  old  Arrowhead  Hotel.  They  were  the  parents  of  twelve 
children,  of  whom  six  are  now  living:  Genevieve,  wife  of  George  P. 
Manchester,  of  Berkeley ;  Geraldine,  wife  of  Charles  Kavanaugh,  of 
Napa;  Dr.  Philip  M.,  of  San  Bernardino,  the  subject  of  this  sketch; 
Lucille,  wife  of  I.  J.  Maxon,  of  Berkeley  ;  William,  a  physician  and 
specialist  of  San  Bernardino;  Harold,  an  attorney  in  Fresno. 

Dr.  Philip  M.  Savage  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  school 
of  Tulare,  and  then,  after  a  preliminary  course  in  the  University  of 
California,  he  attended  the  Cooper  Medical  College  in  San  Francisco 
and  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1907.  Where  many  would 
consider  this  the  close  of  their  medical  education,  it  was  the  beginning 
for  him,  and  he  went  East  and  took  a  post  graduate  course  in  the 
Chicago  School  of  Surgical  Technique.  From  there  he  went  to  the 
famous  Mayo  Clinic  at  Rochester,  Minnesota.  He  now  devotes  him- 
self exclusively  to  surgery. 

Dr.  Savage  was  one  of  the  organizers  and  is  a  director  of  the 
American  National  Bank  of  San  Bernardino.  He  makes  his  home  on 
the  beautiful  place  he  owns,  an  orange  grove  of  twenty-three  acres 
in  East  Highland.  He  was  elected  president  of  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association,  in  1921,  upon  the  retirement  of  Judge  Curtis. 

Dr.  Savage  married,  August  10,  1903,  Bernice  M.  Roberts,  a 
daughter  of  J.  A.  Roberts,  of  Sanger,  California.  They  have  four 
children:    Philip  Monroe,  Jr.,  Meredyth,  James  and  David. 

Fraternally  Dr.  Savage  is  identified  with  San  Bernardino  Lodge 
No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and  with  San 
Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons.  He 
is  also  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Post,  American  Legion,  and 
of  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110,  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Medical  Society,  of  the 
California  State  Medical  Society  and  of  the  American  Medical  Asso- 
ciation, and  he  is  a  Fellow  of  the  American  College  of  Surgeons.  In 
political  faith  he  is  a  voter  in  the  republican  ranks.  In  religious 
belief  he  is  a  member  of  the  First  Christian  Church  and  is  chairman 
of  its  Board  of  Trustees. 

He  enlisted  for  the  World  war  July  17,  1918,  at  Camp  Kearney, 
and  was  ordered  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  took  a  special  course 
in  surgery  at  the  University  of  California,  lasting  a  month.  He  was 
then  ordered  back  to  Camj)  Kearney,  and  was  there  two  weeks,  when 
he  was  ordered  to  join  Base  Hospital  No.  108  at  Fort  Snelling,  Minne- 
sota. Then  the  influenza  broke  out,  and  they  were  held  there  until 
November  25th,  when  he  left  there  to  go  to  Camp  Upton,  where  he 
outfitted  for  overseas  service.  ?Ie  contracted  the  disease  just  when 
he  was  readv  to  sail.     He  was  on  the  transport  George  Washington, 


746        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  he  was  taken  off  and  sent  to  St.  Mary's  Hospital  at  Hoboken, 
and  there  he  remained  until  after  the  armistice  was  signed,  but 
eventually  he  recovered.  He  was  held  in  New  York  for  some  time 
and  then  ordered  to  Allentown,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  received  his 
discharge  December  19th,  following,  and  at  once  returned  to  his 
home  in  San  Bernardino. 

Clarence  D.  Dickey,  highly  esteemed  in  San  Bernardino  as  one  of 
the  older  physicians  of  that  city,  which  is  his  birthplace,  is  not  only 
a  Native  Son,  but  the  son  of  one  of  San  Bernardino's  pioneers,  one  of 
the  first  physicians  to  settle  here,  and  he,  in  turn,  is  the  father  of  a 
physician,  the  three  generations  having  one  and  all  achieved  success 
in  their  profession. 

Dr.  Dickey  received  his  earlier  education  in  the  schools  of  San 
Bernardino  and  then  entered  the  famous  Jefferson  Medical  College 
of  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  from  whence  he  was  graduated  with 
the  class  of  1886.  He  returned  to  San  Bernardino  and  commenced 
practice  and  has  continued  in  it  ever  since.  He  is  in  politics  a  republi- 
can, but  has  never  felt  any  inclination  to  assume  public  office. 

Dr.  Dickej'  was  born  in  San  Bernardino  July  26,  1860,  the  son  of 
Dr.  Dudley  Rufus  Dickey,  who  came  to  San  Bernardino  with  ox  teams 
in  1849.  undergoing  the  usual  experiences  of  the  hardy  pioneers  of  that 
day.  He  practiced  in  San  Bernardino  until  his  death.  The  mother 
of  C.  D.  Dickey  was  Adelia  (Crandall)  Dickey,  of  Iowa,  who  died 
in  San  Bernardino.  Dr.  Dickey  is  a  member  of  the  Woodmen  of  the 
World  and  was  formerly  a  member  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks  and  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows. 

He  married  in  1888  Julia  Carnes,  a  daughter  of  Lindsay  Carnes, 
of  Indiana.  They  are  the  parents  of  two  children.  Lindsay,  an  at- 
torney of  Los  Angeles,  enlisted  in  the  navy  in  the  late  war  and  was 
made  an  ensign.  He  served  throughout  the  war  in  the  aviation  depart- 
ment and  was  regarded  as  one  of  the  best  aviators  in  the  depart- 
ment. Clarence,  a  prominent  physician  and  surgeon  of  Los  Angeles, 
also  enlisted  in  the  war,  but  as  a  physician,  and  he  served  until  the 
armistice.  He  is  now  devoting  himself  chiefly  to  surgery  and  is  meet- 
ing with  great  success  in  that  branch.  Clarence  Dickey  married  Miss 
Helen  Reeves,  a  native  of  San  Bernardino,  and  daughter  of  W.  B. 
Reeves,  the  present  constable  of  San  Bernardino.  They  have  one 
daughter,  Emma  Lou. 

Gaylord  Brayton  Norton — The  late  Gaylord  Brayton  Norton  played 
an  important  part  in  the  horticultural  development  of  Riverside  city 
and  county,  and  is  remembered  here  for  his  work  along  this  line,  but 
he  also  made  a  distinctive  record  as  an  able  business  man  in  the  com- 
mercial field  before  he  came  to  this  locality.  He  was  born  in  Herkimer 
County,  New  York,  May  28,  1837,  and  died  at  Riverside  in  1905.  Mr. 
Norton  was  proud  of  his  family  record,  and  traced  his  lineage  back 
to  his  great-grandfather,  who  fought  in  the  American  Revolution  and 
was  a  native  of  Connecticut.  His  son,  Russell  Norton,  the  grand- 
father of  Gaylord  Brayton  Norton,  was  born  in  Connecticut,  but 
moved  to  Herkimer  County,  New  York,  and  there  was  engaged  in 
farming  and  wagonmaking.  W.  L.  Norton,  son  of  Russell  Norton, 
was  a  native  of  Herkimer  County,  and  was  a  farmer  and  contractor 
and  builder  of  Litchfield  Township,  that  county,  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  the  age  of  sixty-eight  years.    He  married  Esther  Gaylord, 


c^A^/6^^^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         747 

a  native  of  Oneida  County,  New  York,  and  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Chester 
Gaylord.  who  moved  from  Oneida  County  to  Herkimer  County  and 
was  engaged  in  an  active  practice  in  the  latter  locality  for  many  years. 
Still  later  he  moved  to  Illinois,  where  he  died.  Mrs.  Norton  died  at 
the  age  of  twenty-eight  years,  her  only  son,  Gaylord  Brayton,  being 
then  but  three  days  old. 

Growing  up  in  Herkimer  County,  Gaylord  Brayton  Norton  attended 
its  public  schools  and  Whitestone  Seminary,  from  which  he  was 
graduated. 

In  1858  he  went  to  Portsmouth,  Scioto  County,  Ohio,  and  was 
there  engaged  in  clerking  in  a  general  merchandise  store  until  he 
enlisted,  in  1862,  for  service  during  the  war  between  the  states.  He 
was  assigned  to  Company  E,  Twenty-seventh  Ohio  Volunteer  In- 
fantry, and  was  detailed  as  clerk  at  the  headquarters  of  the  Ohio 
Brigade.  In  the  winter  of  that  year  he  was  located  at  Corinth,  Miss- 
issippi, but  in  the  spring  of  1863  he  was  detailed  to  assist  Chaplain 
Eaton  in  what  was  known  as  the  Freedman's  Department,  and  cared 
for  the  colored  men  who  came  to  the  Union  troops  for  protection. 
They  established  a  corral  at  Grand  Junction,  Tennessee,  and  another 
at  Memphis.  Tennessee.  Mr.  Norton  was  later  sent  to  Vicksburg, 
where  he  was  under  the  command  of  Gen.  John  Eaton,  and  he  located 
a  camp  at  Youngspoint,  Louisana,  twelve  miles  from  Vicksburg.  At 
one  time  there  were  12,000  negroes  at  this  camp.  When  the  negroes 
became  too  numerous  for  the  accommodations  at  Youngspoint  they 
were  transferred  to  Davis  Bend,  thirty  miles  south  of  Vicksburg,  and 
placed  on  seven  plantations,  where  they  formed  an  industrial  colony, 
being  engaged  in  planting  cotton  and  fortifying  the  place.  While 
Mr.  Norton  was  superintending  these  plantations  he  was  an  occupant 
of  the  house  that  was  owned  by  JefTerson  Davis.  So  well  did  he  carry 
out  the  work  of  these  plantations  that  he  was  commissioned  a  first 
lieutenant  at  Vicksburg,  and  at  Davis  Point  was  made  a  captain.  He 
organized  two  colored  regiments,  the  Sixty-fifth  and  Sixty-fourth 
United  States  Infantry,  and  only  concluded  his  humane  work  for  the 
refugees  when  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  service  at  Vicksburg 
in  1866. 

During  the  fall  of  1866  Mr.  Norton  returned  to  Portsmouth,  Ohio, 
but  did  not  remain  there,  soon  leaving  that  city  for  Waynesboro, 
Tennessee,  where  he  became  manager  for  the  store,  and  assistant 
superintendent  of  the  furnace  of  the  Wayne  Furnace  Company.  Four 
years  later  he  returned  to  Portsmouth  once  more,  but  left  it  for  Hang- 
ing Rock,  Ohio,  where  he  went  into  business  with  his  brother-in-law, 
S.  B.  Hemstead,  of  the  S.  B.  Hemstead  &  Company  Stove  Foundry. 
After  a  year  he  bought  an  interest  in  the  mercantile  department  of 
the  Ashland  Coal  &  Iron  Railroad  Company,  and  took  charge  of  it. 
The  company  conducted  a  general  store  at  their  Colton  mine  at  the 
time  he  acquired  his  interest,  and  he  soon  opened  three  others,  securing 
the  patronage  for  them  all  not  only  of  the  miners,  but  also  of  the  people 
of  the  surrounding  country,  so  that  he  made  them  paying  propositions, 
and  for  twenty  years  continued  to  direct  their  acivities,  and  then  sold 
his  interests. 

In  1891  Mr.  Norton  came  to  California  for  the  winter,  but  was  so 
pleased  with  conditions  that  he  decided  to  make  this  state  his  perma- 
nent home.  He  had  invested  previously  in  a  stock  business  in  Labette 
County,  Kansas,  where  he  owned  600  acres,  but  he  sold  this  property 
after  settling  in  California.  During  the  first  winter  here  he  bought 
a  ranch  of  twenty-one  and  one-half  acres,  later  adding  fifteen  acres. 


748        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

all  of  which  are  in  alfalfa  with  the  exception  of  five  acres  planted  in 
oranges.  This  continued  his  home  until  his  death,  his  widow  in  1914 
erecting  a  handsome  residence  at  189  Magnolia  Avenue,  where  she 
and  her  children  still  live.  For  some  years  his  residence  on  his  first 
acreage  was  one  of  the  show  places  of  Riverside  County.  Mr.  Norton 
was  greatly  interested  in  all  horticultural  matters  and  assisted  in 
organizing  the  Riverside  Naval  Orange  Company,  of  which  he  was 
long  the  president. 

In  1868  Mr.  Norton  married  Harriet  E.  Hemstead,  a  daughter  of 
Dr.  G.  S.  B.  Hemstead,  of  Portsmouth,  Ohio.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Norton 
became  the  parents  of  five  children,  namely :  Benjamin,  who  is  a 
horticulturist  of  the  vicinity  of  Artesia,  California;  Miss  Mary  E., 
who  is  at  home;  John,  who  was  formerly  in  business  at  Lankersham, 
where  he  was  a  member  of  the  Toluca  Packing  Company,  and  is  now 
quartermaster  of  one  of  the  merchant  marine  vessels  plying  between 
the  Pacific  Coast  and  Europe  and  Africa;  Miss  Helen  G.,  who  is  at 
home;  and  Brayton,  who  is  a  veteran  of  the  World  war.  He  served 
on  the  Walter  D.  Munson  as  quartermaster,  and  made  fourteen  round 
trips  across  the  sea.  He  had  previously  acquired  considerable  repu- 
tation as  an  author,  his  productions  being  published  in  the  leading 
monthly  magazines,  the  most  popular  one  being  "Sleeping  Acres." 
He  is  now  coast  master  at  Laguna,  California,  and  is  still  engaged  in 
writing. 

Gaylord  B.  Norton  was  a  republican,  but  never  took  any  active  part 
in  politics.  Early  joining  the  Presbyterian  Church,  he  gave  it  a  faithful 
service,  and  was  a  trustee  of  the  congregation  at  Riverside.  The 
keynote  of  his  character  was  faithfulness.  When  he  undertook  any- 
thing he  gave  to  his  duties  his  best  efforts  and  never  rested  content 
until  he  brought  everything  into  excellent  shape.  He  possessed  great 
excutive  ability,  knew  how  to  direct  others  and  obtain  from  them  a 
whole-hearted  co  operation  that  was  very  effective.  A  devoted  hus- 
band, kind  and  watchful  father,  sympathetic  and  helpful  friend  and 
conscientious  citizen,  Mr.  Norton  left  his  mark  on  the  civilization  of 
his  times,  and  his  memory  is  cherished  by  those  who  knew  and  appre- 
ciated his  many  virtures. 

Frank  A.  Leonard,  attorney  of  San  Bernardino,  has  been  in  active 
practice  there  almost  long  enough  to  make  him  eligible  to  membership 
in  the  pioneer  class  of  attorneys  of  that  city.  The  firm  of  which  he  is 
senior  partner  is  a  strong  one,  doing  a  general  practice  but  handling 
so  much  corporation  business  it  might  almost  be  regarded  as  specializ- 
ing in  that  line. 

Mr.  Leonard  was  born  in  Watertown,  Wisconsin,  December  7,  1864, 
the  .son  of  Ira  E.  and  Maria  (Shepherd)  Leonard.  His  father  was  an 
attorney  of  note,  who  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York,  removing 
to  Watertown  about  1862.  He  was  later  judge  of  the  District  Court 
in  Missouri,  holding  the  position  through  the  strenuous  times  of  the 
Ku  Klux  troubles.  He  was  nominated  for  supreme  judge  of  Missouri, 
but  being  a  republican  was  defeated,  although  he  received  the  largest 
vote  on  the  ticket.  He  moved  to  Missouri  in  1866  and  was  an  attorney 
for  the  St.  Louis  &  Iron  Moutain  Railway  for  some  years.  On  account 
of  his  health  he  decided  to  leave  Missouri,  resigning  and  moving  to 
Boulder,  Colorado.  He  ])racticed  there  but  finally  located  in  Socorro, 
New  Mexico,  where  he  practiced  until  his  death  in  1889.  While  in 
Boulder  he  was  one  of   the   regents  of  the   University   of  Colorado. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         749 

His  wife  removed  to  San  Bernardino  where  she  lived  until  the  age 
of  ninet}',  passing  away  in  the  fall  of  1921. 

Mr.  Leonard  received  his  primary  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Boulder,  Colorado,  and  then  spent  one  year  and  a  half  in  the 
University  of  Colorado.  He  studied  law  at  the  St.  Louis  Law  School, 
a  department  of  Washington  University,  and  was  there  one  year.  He 
entered  his  father's  office  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Socorro, 
New  Alexico.  He  remained  with  his  father  until  1888,  when  he  came 
to  San  Bernardino,  in  November  of  that  year  entering  into  a  partner- 
ship with  Henry  Goodcell.  When  Mr.  Goodcell  moved  to  Oakland 
Mr.  Leonard  practiced  alone  for  a  time  and  then  entered  into  a 
partnership  with  E.  R.  Annabel.  This  partnership  lasted  only  three 
weeks  owing  to  the  death  of  Mr.  Annabel.  Mr.  Leonard  again  practiced 
alone  until  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Howard  Surr  on  July  15,  1907. 
This  partnership  has  since  continued.  In  January,  1915,  George  W.  Hell- 
yer  was  admitted  into  the  firm,  which  now  is  Leonard,  Surr  &  Hellyer. 
They  are  attorneys  for  the  Fontana  Companies ;  the  Citizens  Land  & 
Water  Company  of  Bloomington ;  the  Etiwanda  Water  Company ;  the 
Rialto  Irrigation  District;  the  Muscoy  Water  Company;  the  South 
Mesa  Water  Company;  the  Western  Heights  Water  Company;  the 
Yucaipa  Water  Company  No.  1 ;  and  the  Arrowhead  Reservoir  &  Power 
Company.     Mr.  Leonard  is  also  the  city  attorney  for  Redlands. 

He  married  in  1890  Fannie  E.  Sawyer,  a  daughter  of  A.  M.  and 
S.  A.  Sawyer,  of  Boulder,  Colorado.  They  are  the  parents  of  four 
children :  James  S.,  of  Oak  Glenn,  an  apple  grower,  who  has  one 
child;  Marion,  wife  of  Charles  H.  Dyke,  of  San  Anselmo,  California; 
.Albert  at  college ;  and  Helen,  who  is  at  home.  Fraternally  Mr. 
Leonard  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevo- 
lent and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows, 
Woodmen  of  the  World,  and  the  Knights  of  Pythias.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Bar  Association  and  of  the 
Phi  Delta  Phi.  He  is  a  republican.  The  family  is  affiliated  with 
the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Redlands. 

E.  R.  Burt  is  the  managing  executive  of  the  Riverside  business  known 
as  the  Riverside  Tent  &  Awning  Company  at  393-395  Eighth  Street. 
This  is  a  manufacturing  concern  of  important  proportions,  and  has 
fully  made  good  the  claims  of  its  motto  "if  it's  made  of  canvas,  we 
make  it."  Mr.  Burt  himself  is  an  expert  in  every  branch  of  the  indus- 
try and  has  been  rapidly  extending  the  manufacturing  processes  and 
the  trade  demands  so  that  the  plant  has  complete  facilities  for  the 
manufacture  of  such  varied  wares  as  tents,  awnings,,  bags,  aprons,  can- 
teens, camp  furniture,  and  porch  curtains,  and  an  important  feature  of 
their  business  is  the  supply  of  the  orange  picking  bags  used  through- 
out the  Riverside  district.  The  company's  factory  has  a  floor  space 
of  10,800  square  feet. 

Mr.  Burt  was  born  at  Gadsden,  Alabama,  December  12,  1882,  son 
of  Arthur  Chilton  and  Clara  Bell  (Gramling)  Burt,  his  father  a  native 
of  Macon,  Mississippi,  and  his  mother  of  South  Carolina.  His  father 
was  born  in  1852,  and  died  at  San  Diego  in  1908.  Most  of  his  life 
was  spent  in  clerical  service  in  banking  institutions.  The  mother  is 
still  living  in  Riverside,  near  her  sons  and  daughters.  Her  six  sons 
are :  E.  R.,  Lawrence,  Walter,  Clarence,  Claud  Chilson  and  Charles 
Avery  Burt,  and  the  three  daughters  are,  Lena  Cornelia,  Maggie 
Riddle  and  Clara  Willie  Burt,  all  residents  of  Riverside. 


750         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

E.  R.  Burt  acquired  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Hattiesburg,  Mississippi,  and  after  school  days  were  ended  took  up 
the  carpenter's  trade.  As  a  skilled  mechanic  he  arrived  in  San  Diego 
January  7,  1907,  and  for  a  short  time  did  some  work  as  a  journeyman 
carpenter  and  subsequently  was  a  contractor  there  until  1910.  Since 
that  year  he  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside,  and  soon  after  coming 
here  entered  the  employ  of  the  Riverside  Tent  &  Awning  Company. 
In  1918  he  became  co-partner  and  manager  of  the  business,  and  in 
the  past  three  years  the  volume  of  output  and  sale  has  more  than  doubled. 

Robert  McFarlaxf.  for  the  past  eighteen  years  has  been  superin- 
tendent of  the  Riverside  Cemetery  Association,  employing  his  expert 
skill  as  a  landscape  gardener  in  beautifying  and  maintaining  Evergreen 
Cemetery. 

Mr.  McFarlane  was  born  at  Killin.Perthshire,  Scotland,  April  3, 
1870,  and  was  reared  and  educated  there.  After  his  formal  schooling 
he  devoted  his  attention  to  horticulture,  which  has  been  a  life  study 
with  him.  and  for  many  years  he  has  specialized  in  landscape  gar- 
dening. 

Mr.  McFarlane  came  to  Riverside  in  1896  and  a  few  years  later 
was  made  superintendent  of  Evergreen  Cemetery.  This  beautiful 
burial  ground,  located  at  the  foot  of  rugged  Mount  Rubidoux,  has 
been  the  direct  object  of  his  professional  skill  and  devoted  care  for 
so  long  a  period  that  it  is  in  an  important  sense  a  monument  to  his 
endeavors. 

Mr.  McFarlane  had  a  brother,  John  McFarlane,  who  was  a  well 
known  resident  of  San  Bernardino,  where  he  died  about  two  years 
ago.  Another  brother,  Dr.  William  McFarlane,  visited  in  Riverside 
in  1911,  and  left  with  the  intention  of  making  a  permanent  home  here. 
The  World  war  upset  his  plans,  but  since  then  he  has  been  making 
preparations  to  carry  out  his  original  design  as  soon  as  he  can  settle 
his  affairs  in  Scotland. 

Robert  McFarlane  owns  a  home  in  Riverside  and  has  a  fine  orange 
grove  near  the  new  experiment  station.  For  the  last  fifteen  years 
his  annual  chrysanthemum  show  has  been  an  event  attended  by  all 
lovers  of  that  wonderful  flower.  He  has  cultivated  about  a  hundred 
different  varieties  of  many  colors.  Mr.  McFarlane  is  affiliated  with 
the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 

Major  Orin  P.  Sloat  is  the  genial  and  well  beloved  secretary  of 
San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks.  He  has  been  constantly  the  presiding  genius  of  the  Elks  Club 
House.  To  his  zeal,  his  love  for  the  order,  his  devotion  to  the  interests 
of  each  and  every  member  is  due  the  social  atmosphere  that  prevails 
and  the  harmony  and  good  taste  that  marked  the  service  of  this,  one  of 
the  best  appointed  Elks  Clubs  in  the  country.  When  the  building  was 
planned  Major  Sloat  was  one  of  those  working  most  unselfishly  for 
its  establishment.  Not  content  to  direct  the  work,  his  own  hands  laid 
out  the  beautiful  gardens  surrounding  the  Club  House,  planting  the 
flowers,  shrubs  and  trees  and  erecting  the  summer  houses  and  the  hot 
houses.  It  was  a  labor  of  love,  and  now  Major  Sloat  has  the  reward  of 
living  in  the  beautiful  surroundings  he  created.  It  is  one  of  San 
Bernardino's  show  places,  with  velvety  green  lawns,  lovely  flowers 
and  foliage,  the  building  covered  with  graceful  vines  over  thirteen 
years  ago  by  Major  Sloat. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         751 

Majur  Sloat  has  been  secretary  since  1908.  He  was  already  a  well 
known  and  popular  citizen,  soldier  and  business  man,  and  outside  of 
the  community  has  warm  friends  among  the  Elks  in  every  state  of  the 
Union.  The  Elks  are  preeminently  American,  and  it  is  fitting  that 
such  a  true  American  as  Major  Sloat  should  be  their  secretary.  Much 
of  the  popularity,  the  comradeship  of  an  Elks  Lodge  depends  upon 
its  secretary,  and  Major  Sloat  has  been  an  official  of  ideal  qualifications 
in  this  respect.  He  has  a  keen  eye  for  detail,  keeps  the  Club  House  in 
perfect  repair,  and  it  is  the  first  object  of  his  care  every  hour  in  the  day. 
Major  Sloat  is  one  of  California's  most  devoted  adopted  sons.  He 
was  born  at  Hobart,  Delaware  County,  New  York,  October  22,  1860, 
son  of  William  H.  and  Permelia  (Peck)  Sloat.  His  father  was  a 
skilled  worker  in  wood,  and  some  of  the  old  friends  of  the  family  at 
San  Bernardino  have  cherished  specimens  of  his  craft.  The  Sloat 
family  is  an  old  American  line  of  Holland  descent,  three  brothers 
having  come  to  this  country  in  Colonial  days.  One  of  the  family  was 
Commander  Sloat,  who  raised  the  first  flag  on  the  Pacific  at  Monterey. 
When  the  monument  to  his  memory  was  unveiled  at  Monterey  Major 
Sloat  represented  the  family  at  the  ceremony,  being  sent  from  San 
Bernardino  with  Judge  West  by  the  Board  of  Supervisors.  Photo- 
graphs of  that  event  show  Major  Sloat,  Judge  West  and  the  artist  who 
created  the  monument  just  before  the  unveiling.  Every  county  in 
California  gave  one  piece  of  rock  for  the  base  of  the  monument,  and 
it  was  twenty  years  in  building.  It  occupies  the  exact  site  where 
Commander  Sloat  raised  the  flag. 

Still  another  ancestor  was  General  Marcy,  one  of  American's  great 
soldiers.  Some  of  that  branch  of  the  family  were  victims  of  the 
massacre  in  the  Wyoming  Valley  in  the  Revolutionary  struggle.  The 
mother  of  Major  Sloat  was  of  strict  Puritan  ancestry,  and  many  of  that 
line  were  Presbyterian  ministers.  A  complete  record  of  the  Sloat 
family  has  been  compiled  by  John  Drake  Sloat,  Jr.,  of  Saint  Louis, 
Missouri. 

William  Henry  Sloat,  father  of  Major  Sloat,  was  a  valued  citizen 
of  San  Bernardino,  and  his  death  was  a  loss  to  the  community.  He 
was  for  fifty  years  a  Mason,  and  that  order  had  charge  of  his  burial 
services.  Major  Sloat  is  almost  the  last  of  his  family.  He  has  never 
married,  and  was  the  only  son.  Of  his  five  sisters  four  are  deceased, 
one  is  living  in  Chicago,  and  he  has  several  nieces  in  New  York  and 
one  in  Maricopa. 

Major  Sloat  was  educated  at  Oneonta,  New  York,  and  at  the  age  of 
sixteen  was  working  for  a  living  in  a  shoe  store  there.  At  the  age  of 
twenty-one  he  went  to  Kansas,  spent  a  year  on  a  cattle  ranch,  and  on 
coming  to  Los  Angeles  was  connected  with  the  W.  C.  Furry  Hardware 
Company  six  years.  Since  then  he  has  been  an  honored  and  useful 
and  ever  active  citizen  of  San  Bernardino.  He  was  deputy  county 
clerk  in  1893-94  under  Mr.  Hamilton.  He  then  became  division  store 
keeper  for  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad,  and  held  that  post  of  duty  for 
sixteen  years,  in  full  charge  of  all  supplies  issued  in  the  Southern 
California  Division. 

He  resigned  that  office  to  become  secretary  of  the  Elks  Club,  and 
his  old  employes  and  associates  with  the  Santa  Fe  presented  him  when 
he  left  with  a  handsome  watch  as  a  token  of  their  regard. 

The  military  record  of  Major  Sloat  began  with  his  active  service 
in  the  National  Guard  of  California.  He  was  a  first  lieutenant  in  the 
San  Bernardino  Company  when  the  Spanish-American  war  broke  out. 
When  its  Captain,  T.  H.  Goflf,  resigned  the  lieutenant  was  ready  to  take 


752        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

command  of  the  company,  but  he  and  his  men  were  under  orders  to 
go  to  San  Francisco  before  the  commission  arrived.  Company  K  of 
the  Seventh  Infantry,  of  which  Major  Sloat  was  captain,  was  known  in 
1887  as  the  Waterman  Rifles,  a  name  given  in  compliment  to  Governor 
Waterman.  It  was  mustered  in  October  29,  1887,  as  Company  E, 
Seventh  Infantry,  was  later  transferred  to  the  Ninth  Infantry,  and 
when  that  command  disintegrated  was  assigned  to  the  Second  Bat- 
talion, First  Brigade.  December  9,  1895,  this  was  designated  as 
Company  K,  transferred  to  the  First  Battalion,  Seventh  Infantry.  It 
was  mustered  into  the  Seventh  California  Infantry,  United  States 
volunteers,  Independent  Division,  Eighth  Army  Corps,  May  9,  1898,  at 
The   Presidio  in  San  Francisco,  O.   P.  Sloat,  Captain. 

In  the  meantime  Major  Sloat  had  worked  hard  early  and  late  to 
raise  the  strength  of  the  Company  from  fifty  to  the  full  quota  of  a 
hundred  and  fifty.  He  made  a  record  as  one  of  the  best  liked  and  most 
popular  officers  of  the  command,  constantly  looking  for  their  comfort 
and  welfare.  The  company  on  leaving  San  Bernardino  received  a 
wonderful  farewell,  and  on  their  return  the  entire  county  welcomed 
them.  After  the  war,  when  the  Guard  was  reorganized,  Captain  Sloat 
was  made  major,  an  office  he  filled  two  years,  until  compelled  to  resign 
because  of  the  exacting  duties  of  his  railroad  work.  Whether  in  the 
National  Guard  or  out  he  has  been  devoted  to  the  letter  and  spirit  of 
Old  Glory.  When  the  Riverside  Lodge  of  Elks  new  club  house  was 
dedicated  he  presented  the  beautiful  flag  to  the  new  lodge  as  a  gift  from 
the  San  Bernardino  Elks.  He  is  an  eloquent  speaker  and  when  occa- 
sion demands  a  most  forceful  one,  and  has  been  invited  on  numberless 
occasions  to  speak  or  serve  in  public  affairs.  He  has  often  been 
written  up  by  the  press,  and  Dr.  Owen  made  him  the  subject  of  a 
rarely  beautiful  story  which  he  entitled  "A  Fable."  Major  Sloat  has 
many  interesting  treasures  in  his  rooms  at  the  Club  House,  ranging 
from  the  medal  presented  on  the  return  of  the  Company  by  the  Native 
Sons  to  others  received  from  all  over  the  world. 

Major  Sloat  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is  treasurer 
of  the  Salvation  Army,  member  of  the  Spanish-American  War  Vet- 
erans, of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  F.  and  A.  M.  has  been  for 
four  years  treasurer  of  the  Elks  State  Outpost  Association,  and  now 
secretary  of  the  same  organization  and  treasurer  of  the  Elks  Outpost 
Association,  an  idea  that  was  first  originated  by  him  and  Dr.  H.  M. 
Hayes  and  has  spread  to  Elks  lodges  all  over  the  United  States. 

San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E. — This  Lodge,  repre- 
sentative largely  of  the  fraternal  life  of  San  Bernardino,  with  nearly 
every  prominent  professional  and  business  man  and  citizen  in  its  mem- 
bership, was  instituted  February  26,  1903,  in  the  old  Armory  Hall  on 
Third  Street,  the  ceremonies  of  installation  being  performed  by  Red- 
lands  Lodge  No.  583.  Of  the  one  hundred  and  six  charter  members 
forty-five  are  still  on  the  active  list,  and  thirteen  have  answered  the  last 
roll  call.  The  first  regular  meeting  of  the  Lodge  was  held  March '3, 
1903,  in  the  Masonic  Hall  and  set  a  standard  for  good  fellowship  that 
has  been  characteristic  of  this  Lodge  ever  since.  The  silver  loving  cup 
presented  that  evening  by  the  San  Luis  Obispo  Lodge  stands  on  the 
table  in  the  lobby  of  the  present  club  today.  At  the  third  meeting 
Charles  C.  Cluske'r  was  granted  a  life  membership  as  the  oldest  living 
Elk.  The  Lodge  participated  in  the  first  Street  Fair  given  in  San 
Bernardino  in  May,  1903.  Manv  members  attended  the  Elks  reunion 
in  San  Diego  May  29-30.  1903.    From  the  first  members  of  this  Lodge 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        753 

have  performed  a  leading  part  in  the  fraternal  life  of  San  Bernardino. 
On  of  their  earliest  activities  was  a  minstrel  show  that  was  given  with 
great  acclaim  and  success  during  the  Christmas  holidays  of  1903.  In 
the  meantime,  after  the  thirteenth  meeting  the  Lodge  moved  from  the 
Masonic  Hall  to  the  Native  Sons  Hall  and  at  the  close  of  the  first 
Lodge  year  twenty-three  new  members  were  added.  Beginning  with 
December  6,  1903,  the  first  Sunday  in  December  has  been  observed 
as  Memorial  Sunday.  In  April,  1904,  the  Lodge  moved  to  its  new 
quarters  on  the  second  floor  of  the  Home  Telephone  Building.  The 
only  member  who  ever  held  the  office  of  exalted  ruler  two  successive 
terms  was  James  Fleming,  whose  death,  October  5,  1907,  was  one  of 
the  greatest  losses  the  lodge  ever  suffered.  He  was  the  only  member 
of  this  lodge  selected  for  district  deputy  grand  exalted  ruler. 

In  January.  1907,  the  membership  voted  to  acquire  the  Rolfe 
property,  part  of  the  present  site,  and  the  Club  House  was  built  and 
the  first  meeting  held  in  the  present  lodge  room  November  20,  1908. 
Later  an  additional  lot  was  acquired,  and  on  it  a  gymnasium  con- 
structed, affording  opportunities  for  all  kinds  of  exercise  and  indoor 
games.  The  Elks  Club,  with  its  present  facilities,  particularly  its  lunch 
and  dinner  service  daily,  is  the  gathering  point  of  the  city  for  social 
and  business  affairs.  Its  membership  embraces  almost  every  business 
man,  official,  and  man  of  prominence  in  the  city.  The  Club  has 
property  valued  at  between  eight  thousand  and  a  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  and  the  Lodge  is  second  to  none  in  the  United  States  for  the 
size  of  its  membership,  which  now  stands  at  fourteen  hundred.  During 
the  World  war  this  Lodge  did  more  than  its  part,  not  only  in  the 
payment  of  the  taxes  ordered  by  the  Grand  Lodge  but  individually 
sending  one  hundred  and  fortj'  of  its  members  into  the  ranks,  and 
several  gold  stars  appear  on  their  honor  roll. 

One  feature  of  the  Lodge  is  the  monthly  paper.  The  Booster,  edited 
by  the  beloved  secretary  of  the  Lodge,  Major  O.  P.  Sloat.  During 
the  war  it  contained  many  letters  from  service  men,  and  at  all  times 
it  has  sustained  a  high  quality  of  interest  as  well  as  affording  all  the 
essential  news  of  the  order. 

One  of  the  things  this  Lodge  as  well  as  every  one  of  the  twenty 
Elks  Lodges  in  Southern  California  is  proud  of  is  the  Elks  Outpost, 
built  by  these  Lodges  in  the  Cajon  Pass  at  the  point  where  the  Old 
Trails  Highway  entered  San  Bernardino.  It  is  for  the  use  of  every 
Elk  coming  that  way.  An  Elk  through  his  membership  card  has 
access  to  all  the  facilities  provided  by  the  Out  Post,  including  stoves, 
ovens,  broilers,  wood,  water,  and  cooking  utensils. 

Z.  T.  Bell — The  belief  that  character  and  force  of  will  combined  with 
good  business  acumen  will  bring  to  their  fortunate  possessor  a  fair 
degree  of  business  and  financial  success  finds  a  good  illustration  in 
the  life  and  activities  of  Z.  T.  Bell,  secretary-treasurer  of  the  Home 
Gas  Company  of  San  Bernardino  and  representative  citizen.  No  man 
stands  higher  in  the  business  world  of  his  home  city  than  Mr.  Bell, 
and  he  is  an  example  of  the  opportunities  offered  to  young  men  of 
ambition  and  the  energy  to  realize  that  it  lies  with  them  whether 
life  is  a  success  or  a  failure.  Mr.  Bell  is  one  of  the  city's  most  public 
spirited  residents,  and  anything  started  for  the  furtherance  of  San 
Bernardino's  growth  and  progress  finds  him  right  to  the  fore. 

Mr.  Bell  was  born  in  Cherokee,  Iowa,  June  30,  1874,  the  son  of 
Z.  R.  and  Angeline  (Cox)  Bell,  both  natives  of  Philadelphia.  Z.  R. 
Bell  was  farmer  and  a  carpenter,  and  he  died  in  Calaveras  County,  Cali- 


754         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

fornia,  in  1917,  aged  seventy-eight.  He  had  been  a  resident  of  California 
sixteen  years  at  the  time  of  his  passing.     His  wife  died  in  1885. 

Z.  T.  Bell  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Iowa,  and  he  was 
engaged  in  various  occupations  until  coming  to  California  in  November, 
1885.  He  located  first  in  Upland,  and  here  he  also  followed  different 
lines  of  work  until  1890.  He  then  moved  to  Los  Angeles  and  learned 
the  plumbing  trade.  He  came  to  San  Bernardino  to  do  some  work  for 
the  San  Bernardino  Gas  Company.  He  was  with  them  until  February 
1,  1905.  and  was  then  engaged  with  the  Home  Gas  Company.  He 
steadily  progressed  with  this  company  until  in  1911  he  was  elected  sec- 
retary-treasurer, which  position  he  so  ably  holds  today. 

Mr.  Bell  was  united  in  marriage  with  Minnie  Moore,  a  daughter  of 
C.  A.  Moore,  of  San  Bernardino,  in  1903.  By  a  former  marriage  she 
has  one  child.  Mr.  Bell  has  a  number  of  fraternal  affiliations,  being  a 
member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E. ;  of  San 
Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  of  Keystone  Chapter  No. 
56,  R.  A.  M.,  San  Bernardino ;  of  San  Bernardino  Commandery  No.  23, 
Knights  Templar ;  and  of  San  Bernardino  Valley  Council  No.  27,  R. 
and  S.  AI.    He  gives  his  political  allegiance  to  the  republican  party. 

Home  Gas  and  Lighting  Company — The  Home  Gas  and  Lighting 
Company  of  San  Bernardino,  was  incorporated  in  March,  1905,  by  H. 
E.  Harris,  president;  H.  M.  Barton,  vice  president;  W.  D.  Wagner, 
secretary-treasurer;  and  Seth  Hartley  and  Z.  T.  Bell,  directors.  The 
company  was  organized  for  the  purpose  of  manufacturing  and  supply- 
ing gas  to  the  city  of  San  Bernardino.  The  capital  stock  was  $75,000 
and  all  the  stock  was  owned  by  residents  of  the  city.  The  gas  was  turned 
on  July  1,  1905.  The  company  was  operated  under  the  name  first  chosen 
until  August  1,  1909,  when  it  was  sold  to  the  San  Bernardino  Valley 
Gas  Company,  the  officers  being:  J.  M.  Gardner,  president;  H.  B.  Dun- 
can, secretary-treasurer ;  C.  J.  Hall,  C.  R.  Harris,  W.  E.  Alexander, 
directors.  The  company  operated  until  May  29,  1911.  On  June  30, 
1909,  it  acquired  the  Colton  Gas  Company  from  C.  H.  Chestnut  of  Red- 
lands,  and  also  the  Home  Gas  &  Electric  Company  of  Redlands.  On 
December  21st  it  also  acquired  the  Corona  Gas  &  Electric  Company  gas 
plant.  On  May  29,  1911,  the  company  went  into  the  hands  of  a  receiver 
and  was  operated  until  August  1,  1912,  by  the  receiver,  the  Los  Angeles 
Trust  &  Savings  Bank.  It  was  then  sold  at  a  receiver's  sale  to  the  cred- 
itors, who  bid  it  in  on  August  1,  1912.  It  was  then  operated  by  S.  J. 
Dubell,  who  represented  the  creditors,  until  August   1,   1915. 

On  this  date  it  was  turned  over  to  the  creditors'  company  the  Citrus 
Belt  Gas  Company,  which  had  been  organized  by  the  creditors  on  No- 
vember 28,  1911.  At  this  organization  the  officers  were:  E.  D.  Moul- 
ton,  of  Riverside,  president;  A.  M.  Ham,  vice  president;  Z.  T.  Bell, 
secretary-treasurer;  and  F.  P.  Morrison,  of  Redlands,  director. 

The  present  officers  are  :  H.  E.  Harris,  president ;  Z.  T.  Bell,  secre- 
tary-treasurer ;  and  F.  P.  Morrison,  Wilmot  Smith,  O.  C.  Evans,  George 
E.  Snedaker,  directors. 

Colin  Campbell  Owen,  physician  of  San  Bernardino,  while  he  has 
not  been  a  resident  many  years,  has  already  commenced  building  up  a 
good  practice.  He  had  opened  offices  here  and  was  well  established 
when  the  ^\'orId  war  called  him  to  the  colors,  and  he  served  the  country 
as  an  officer  both  in  America  and  overseas. 

Dr.  Owen  was  born  in  Detroit,  Michigan,  December  8,  1890,  the 
son  of  John  and  Jeanie  (Moderwell)  Owen.     The  father  was  a  native 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         755 

of  England  who  came  over  to  Canada  in  1850  and  located  in  Stratford, 
remaining  there  a  time  and  then  removing  to  Toronto.  In  1879  he  lo- 
cated in  Detroit.  He  was  an  artist  and  died  in  1895.  His  wife  wa.s  a 
native  of  Stratford,  Ontario,  and  is  now  living  in  San  Bernardino. 

Dr.  Owen  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  school  of  Detroit, 
then  worked  in  the  drafting  room  of  an  iron  works  for  two  years,  after 
which  he  returned  to  high  school  to  prepare  for  college.  He  attended 
the  medical  department  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  and  was  grad- 
uated with  the  class  of  1915.  To  supplement  this  he  took  a  post-graduate 
course  in  the  Chicago  Lying-in  Hospital,  and  from  there  came  directly 
to  San  Bernardino  to  establish  a  practice  and  make  it  his  permanent 
home.     He  practices  both  medicine  and  surgery. 

He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  125th  Field  Artillery  for  one  year  and  a 
half,  being  stationed  at  Camp  Cody,  Deming,  New  Mexico,  from  Oc- 
tober, 1917,  to  July,  1918.  From  there  he  went  to  Fort  Sill,  Oklahoma, 
and  then  overseas.  He  was  first  stationed  at  Bordeaux  for  a  short  period 
and  then  at  an  artillery  school  at  Claremont,  Ferrand.  About  one 
month  after  the  armistice  was  signed  he  returned  to  Camp  Stewart,  Vir- 
ginia, then  to  Camp  Courchesne,  El  Paso,  Texas,  and  was  held  there  for 
ten  months,  receiving  his  discharge  October  27,  1919,  at  San  Francisco. 
He  returned  to  San  Bernardino  and  resumed  his  practice. 

In  June,  1921,  Dr.  Owen  was  appointed  health  officer  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, which  position  he  still  holds  at  the  time  of  publication.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Medical  Association  and  of 
the  California  State  Medical  Association.  He  is  roentgenologist  of  the 
Ramona  Hospital,  a  full  description  of  which  is  given  elsewhere  in  this 
work.  He  is  a  member  of  the  El  Paso  Lodge  No.  130,  A.  F.  and  A. 
M.,  and  a  life  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E., 
and  of  the  San  Bernardino  Post  No.  14,  American  Legion. 

Joseph  E.  Rich — One  of  San  Bernardino's  solid  and  substantial 
citizen  who  can  claim  ( to  all  Californians  the  one  inestimable  blessing) 
of  being  a  native  son  is  Joseph  E.  Rich,  who  is  also  a  native  of  the  city. 
The  son  of  two  of  California's  earlier  pioneers,  he  is  loyal  as  such  sons 
are  loyal  and  stands  ready  at  all  times  and  all  places  to  aid  in  the  wel- 
fare of  state  or  city.  It  is  said  that  the  reason  native  Californians  who 
are  the  offspring  of  her  pioneers,  so  often  make  good  by  means  of  their 
own  exertions  is  because  they  inherit  the  initiative,  ambition  and  courage 
of  their  parents. 

It  is  the  case  with  Mr.  Rich,  for  his  parents  certainly  possessed  these 
qualities,  and  they  also  possessed  the  tenacity  of  purpose  which  their 
son  Joseph  has  displayed.  From  early  manhood  he  has  been  the  maker 
of  his  own  fortunes,  and  fidelity  to  duty  has  been  the  keynote  of  his 
life.  And  life  has  correspondingly  rewarded  him,  financially,  profes- 
sionally, socially  and  civicly. 

Mr.  Rich  was  born  in  San  Bernardino  on  December  22,  1867,  the 
son  of  Jacob  and  Dora  Rich.  Both  were  born  in  Germany  and  came  to 
America  at  an  early  age,  locating  in  San  Francisco  in  1853.  Mr.  Rich 
died  in  San  Bernardino  in  1872  and  Mrs.  Rich  in  Chicago  in  1913. 
They  were  the  parents  of  eight  children :  Rebecca,  deceased  wife  of 
Julius  Meyerstein,  of  San  Bernardino ;  Daniel  D.,  of  Portland,  Oregon ; 
Ray,  wife  of  Louis  Newman,  of  Chicago,  Illinois;  Simon  S.,  of  Port- 
land, Oregon,  who  is  married  and  has  two  children,  Jesse  and  Eugene ; 
Ben  B.,  of  San  Francisco ;  Leah  L.,  deceased ;  Abe  L.,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco ;  Joseph  E.,  of  Sati  Bernardino. 


756         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

In  his  memoirs  of  "Sixty  Years  in  Southern  CaHfornia,"  Mr.  New- 
mark  speaks  of  Jacob  Rich  coming  to  Los  Angeles  in  1853  and  forming 
a  partnership  with  J.  P.  Newmark  in  the  dry  goods  and  clothing  bus- 
iness on  Main  and  Requina  streets,  and  of  the  fact  that  Mrs.  Rich  was 
the  first  Jewess  to  settle  in  Los  Angeles,  {''rior  to  this  time  Mr.  New- 
mark  had  lived  at  various  restaurants  and  from  all  accounts  the  food 
and  service  must  have  been  far  from  pleasing,  for  he  particularly  makes 
mention  of  the  fact  that  he  boarded  with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rich  and  how 
glad  he  was  that  he  had  the  opportunity.  In  1855  the  firm  of  Rich,  New- 
mark  &  Company  was  formed,  with  Mr.  Rich  as  the  San  Francisco  rep- 
resentative. This  continued  until  Mr.  Rich  withdrew  and  went  into  the 
dry  goods  business  in  San  Francisco,  where  he  remained  until  1865, 
when  he  went  back  to  Los  Angeles,  and  after  .staying  there  a  short  time 
located  in  San  Bernardino,  opening  a  general  merchandise  business  which 
he  conducted  till  his  death  in  1872. 

He  was  the  first  senior  deacon  of  the  old  Masonic  lodge,  No.  42, 
chartered  in  Los  Angeles.  As  comparing  the  difficulties  of  travel  then 
and  now  it  may  be  mentioned  that  when  he  brought  the  family  down 
from  San  Francisco,  by  steamer,  there  were  seven  small  children  in 
the  family,  most  of  them  having  to  sit  on  high  stools  at  the  table.  They 
were  nearly  wrecked  by  a  storm  off  San  Pedro  but  after  much  diffi- 
culty arrived  safely  at  their  destination.  Mr.  Rich  was  very  prominent 
in  business  affairs  and  had  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  entire  com- 
munity. He  often  disagreed  with  his  fellow  citizens  and  was  very  out- 
spoken in  his  beliefs,  but  his  sincerity  was  never  doubted  and  he  played 
a  large  part  in  the  affairs  of  his  chosen  home.  He  was  a  strong  abolition- 
ist and  always  maintained  his  stand  on  that  vexed  question. 

Joseph  E.  Rich  was  educated  in  the  private  school  of  Mrs.  Hicks  in 
San  Bernardino  until  he  was  twelve  years  of  age,  when  he  attended 
high  school  in  San  Francisco  for  four  years.  He  then  worked  in  a 
chemical  laboratory  in  San  Francisco,  and  during  this  time  studied  short- 
hand. In  1885  he  returned  to  San  Bernardino  and  entered  the  office  of 
I.  Benjamin,  the  official  court  reporter,  afterwards  working  for  Chief 
Engineer  Fred  T.  Paris  as  stenographer  for  about  a  year.  In  April,  1887, 
Department  No.  2  of  the  Superior  Court  was  established  and  he  was  ap- 
pointed official  court  reporter  and  has  held  that  position  continuously 
ever  since.  He  was  appointed  by  Judge  Henry  M.  Willis,  and  he  has 
served  under  five  different  judges,  an  enviable  record  in  these  days  of 
stress  and  change.  From  the  time  he  was  appointed  court  reporter  he 
was  in  partnership  with  I.  Benjamin,  and  this  continued  until  Mr.  Ben- 
jamin went  to  Los  Angeles  in  1911.  For  a  time,  as  a  side  issue,  he  was 
a  partner  with  John  Flagg  in  the  jirinling  business. 

Mr.  Rich  married  in  1889  Sarah  Samelson,  a  daughter  of  Lesser 
and  Carrie  Samelson,  of  Memphis,  Tennessee.  They  are  the  parents 
of  two  children:  Lester  J.,  born  in  1895  and  now  an  electrical  engineer 
in  the  employ  of  the  Eastern  Telegraph  Company  in  England ;  and  Ly- 
man S.,  born  in  1897,  and  now  with  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and 
Orange  Show  organizations  in  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Rich  is  a  director 
of  the  American  National  Bank  of  San  Bernardino,  of  the  San  Ber- 
nardino Valley  Bank  and  of  the  Santa  Fe  Building  &  Loan  Association. 
He  is  one  of  the  charter  members  of  Arrowhead  Parlor,  No.  110,  N.  S. 
G.  W.,  and  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  F.  and  A.  M., 
also  a  member  of  the  Lion's  Club.  He  was  president  of  the  California 
Shorthand  Reporters  Association  in  1921  and  is  a  member  of  the  Na- 
tional Shorthand  Reporters  Association.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Library  Trustees  and  is  the  secretary  of  the  board. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         757 

Mr.  Rich  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  First 
National  Orange  Show  of  San  Bernardino,  which  was  held  in  1911, 
and  he  has  been  serving  in  that  capacity  ever  since.  He  was  the  presi- 
dent of  the  Twelfth  National  Orange  Show,  which  fact  speaks  for  itself 
as  to  his  executive  and  business  ability,  for  it  is  the  one  project  dear 
to  the  heart  of  every  San  Bernardinian. 

Frank  T.  Bates — One  of  the  leaders  in  the  group  of  younger 
attorneys  of  San  Bernardino.  Frank  T.  Bates  has  created  confidence  in 
himself  during  his  years  of  practice  in  the  city.  He  is  to  all  intents 
and  purposes  a  native  son,  for  he  was  a  very  small  boy  when  his  parents 
brought  him  to  California,  and  much  of  his  thorough  education  was 
gained  in  the  high  school  of  San  Bernardino,  so  it  was  natural  he 
should  decide  to  locate  in  his  home  city.  His  mastery  of  the  law  and 
his  thorough  legal  acquirements,  combined  with  his  natural  ability, 
made  it  easier  for  him  to  win  to  the  top  than  it  is  for  the  majority  of 
young  men,  vi'ho  find  that  promotion  in  legal  circles  is  very  slow  and 
all  success  is  hardly  won. 

He  has  been  the  popular  choice  for  positions  of  trust  legally,  politically 
and  fraternally,  and  he  has  more  than  justified  the  faith  of  his  friends. 
He  is  a  young  man,  and  the  future  holds  much  in  store  for  him,  judging 
from  the  present.  He  is  always  on  the  alert  for  anything  which  will 
promote  the  welfare  of  his  home  city  and  always  ready  to  help  in  any 
way.  Politics  have  claimed  his  attention  and  he  is  a  republican  in  the 
truest  sense  of  the  word. 

Mr.  Bates  was  born  in  Green,  Iowa,  on  March  1.  1883,  the  son  of 
Nelson  S.  and  Rebecca  Bates,  his  father  being  a  native  of  Pennsylvania 
and  his  mother  of  Illinois.  Nelson  Bates  was  a  carpenter  and  contractor, 
and  followed  that  occupation  in  the  East,  at  the  last  devoting  much 
time  to  building.  He  came  with  his  family  to  San  Bernardino  in  1887, 
and  he  purchased  an  orange  grove  in  Rialto  and  has  retired,  with  his 
wife,  to  enjoy  life.  They  were  the  parents  of  three  children,  of  whom 
Frank  T.  was  the  eldest.  The  others  are  Daisy,  who  was  assistant 
matron  of  the  Seaside  Hospital  at  Long  Beach,  and  is  the  wife  of  Ira 
Worman,  a  druggist  of  Long  Beach,  and  Charles  H.,  of  Los  Angeles, 
who  is  with  the  Globe  Mills  as  manager  of  the  grain  department. 

Frank  T.  Bates  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Rialto  and  in 
the  San  Bernardino  High  School.  From  there  he  entered  Stanford  Uni- 
versity, legal  department,  and  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1908, 
with  the  degree  of  A.  B.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  January,  1909. 
He  started  practicing  with  a  partner  in  San  Bernardino,  Raymond  Hodge, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Bates  &  Hodge,  and  this  continued  until  1913, 
since  when  he  has  practiced  alone.  He  handles  both  civil  and  criminal 
cases  and  has  built  up  a  large  clientele. 

Mr.  Bates  until  1921  was  secretary  of  the  Flint  Packing  Company  of 
San  Bernardino.  He  is  president  of  the  San  Bernardino  Bar  As'sociation 
and  from  1911  to  1915  was  assistant  di.strict  attorney.  From  1915  to 
1919  he  was  referee  in  bankruptcy. 

He  married,  in  1911,  Ida  Rosenbeck,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Mary 
Rosenbeck,  of  San  Bernardino.  Her  father  is  now  dead,  and  her  mother 
is  living  in  Los  Angeles.  They  are  the  parents  of  four  children :  Howard 
E.  and  Dorothy  M.,  students  in  San  Bernardino  public  schools ;  Patricia 
and  Frank  T.,  Jr.  Fraternallv  Mr.  Bates  is  connected  with  San  Ber- 
nardino Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  with  Aerie  No.  506,  F.  O.  E.,  the 
latter  of  which  he  was  ])resident  in  1920.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Rotary  Club,  and,  as  stated,  is  a  strong  republican. 


758         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

S.  B.  W.  McNabb — Among  San  Bernardino's  most  prominent  attor- 
neys S.  B.  W.  McNabb  acquired  a  large  fund  of  experience  a"d  knowl- 
edge in  other  lines  of  business  and  achieved  success  in  them,  as  he  has 
since  in  his  real  life  work,  the  law.  He  is  in  the  pioneer  class  of  '87  and 
in  thought,  feeling  and  love  for  his  chosen  home  is  a  Californian.  He 
stands  high  in  his  profession  and  has  built  up  a  large  clientele,  one  which 
is  constantly  increasing,  doing  a  general  law  practice. 

Mr.  McNabb  was  born  in  Jackson  County,  Iowa,  December  18,  1868, 
the  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Hogg)  McNabb.  both  of  whom  were 
natives  of  Pennsylvania.  His  father  moved  to  Iowa  in  1846  and  located 
on  a  farm,  and  lived  there  until  he  was  sixty  years  old,  when  he  came  to 
San  Bernardino  and  lived  with  his  son,  S.  B.  W.  McNabb  until  his 
death  in  January  27,  1913.  His  wife  died  when  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  a  baby. 

Mr.  McNabb  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Jackson  County, 
Iowa,  and  an  academy  at  Maquoketa,  Jackson  County.  He  then  learned 
the  trade  of  printer  from  the  ground  up,  and  worked  at  the  trade  in 
Maquoketa  and  other  Iowa  towns  for  several  years.  He  decided  to  come 
to  Cahfornia,  and  1887  saw  him  located  in  San  Francisco,  where  he 
worked  as  a  printer  on  the  papers  there.  He  soon  left  for  Los  Angeles, 
where  he  remained  a  short  time,  coming  to  San  Bernardino  soon  and 
working  there  at  his  trade. 

He  first  worked  on  the  San  Bernardino  Courier,  and  he  remained  with 
the  printing  trade  for  many  years,  including  seven  years  as  foreman  of 
the  San  Bernardino  Sun.  He  worked  in  all  the  departments  of  the 
papers  and  was  also  in  Riverside  for  one  year  as  foreman  of  the 
Enterprise. 

Mr.  McNabb  had  studied  law  for  two  years  in  Iowa,  and  he  now 
took  up  this  study  again,  applying  himself  in  the  offices  of  Byron  Waters 
and  W.  J.  Curtis.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  January,  1909,  and 
started  practice  by  himself  in  the  offices  of  Curtis  &  Curtis.  At  about 
this  time  W.  J.  Curtis  retired  from  practice  and  Mr.  McNabb  went  into 
partnership  with  Mr.  Curtis,  who  is  now  superior  judge.  This  partner- 
ship continued  until  Mr.  Curtis  was  elected  to  the  judgeship.  Mr. 
McNabb  practiced  alone  for  a  time,  and  then  formed  a  partnership  with 
Raymond  E.  Hodge,  which  has  since  continued. 

He  was  married  in  1889  to  Bertha  Dunlap.  of  San  Bernardino,  and 
they  were  the  parents  of  one  child.  Vera,  now  the  wife  of  R.  N. 
McCloskey,  of  San  Mateo.     They  have  one  daughter. 

Mr.  McNabb  was  united  in  marriage,  July  16,  1916,  with  Alice  L. 
Thompson,  a  daughter  of  Mrs.  M.  V.  Thompson,  of  Los  Angeles.  They 
have  one  son,  James  W.  Mr.  McNabb  holds  membership  in  the  San 
Bernardino  Bar  Association ;  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  A.  F. 
and  A.  M. ;  Keystone  Chapter  No.  56,  R.  A.  M. ;  St.  Bernard  Com- 
mandery  No.  23,  K.  T. ;  Kaaba  Temple  of  Davenport,  Iowa,  A.  A.  O.  N. 
M.  S. ;  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  and  the  Modern 
Woodmen  of  America.  Mr.  McNabb  has  the  distinction  of  having  been 
elected  mayor  of  San  Bernardino  for  the  term  of  1909-1911  without 
opposition,  and  again  was  elected  to  this  office  in  1921.  In  politics  he  is 
a  republican,  and  in  religious  faith  is  affiliated  with  the  Congregational 
Church. 

Daniel  A.  Wheeler — Although  the  period  which  the  twentieth  cen- 
tury calls  western  pioneer  times  has  passed  away,  there  are  yet  with 
us  some  who  took  an  active  and  courageous  part  in  the  thrilling  drama 
that  resulted  in  the  development  of  the  vast  expanse  of  country,  the 


z!  ^^V^Cd^.^^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         759 

frontiers  of  which  eighty  years  ago  seemed  almost  beyond  reach. 
Many  of  these  have  long  maintained  homes  in  California  and  few  of 
these  hardy  pioneers  are  better  known  or  more  highly  esteemed  than 
Daniel  A.  Wheeler,  now  living  in  comfortable  retirement  at  Riverside. 

Daniel  A.  Wheeler  crossed  the  plains  to  Colorado  in  1860,  and 
repeated  that  journey  eight  more  times  before  a  railroad  penetrated 
this  region.  Mr.  Wheeler  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1840.  His  parents  were  Daniel  and  Alvira  (Morse)  Wheeler, 
both  of  whom  were  born  in  Massachusetts,  and,  on  the  maternal  side, 
of  Mayflower  stock.  Members  of  both  families  took  part  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  and  their  descendants  ever  since  have  maintained  and 
exemplified  the  highest  ideals  of  Americanism. 

The  parents  of  Mr.  Wheeler  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  his  boyhood, 
and  there  he  attended  the  public  schools.  His  father  was  a  blacksmith 
by  trade,  but  as  the  youth  showed  no  mechanical  leaning  it  was 
decided  that  he  be  given  additional  educational  advantages  in  order 
that  he  be  prepared  for  another  vocation.  He  completed  the  high 
school  course  with  credit  and  then  became  a  student  in  Lawrence 
University  at  Appleton,  Wisconsin.  Having  some  inclination  toward 
the  law,  he  then  went  to  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  where  he  had  two  years 
of  experience  as  a  clerk  in  a  law  office.  Previously,  however,  he  had 
learned  a  good,  steady,  self-supporting  trade,  having  served  an  appren- 
ticeship in  a  printing  office  in  Wisconsin,  a  knowledge  of  which  later 
on  proved  helpful. 

Mr.  W^heeler  was  but  twenty  years  old  when  he  made  his  first  trip 
across  the  plains,  and  reached  Denver,  Colorado,  when  it  was  little 
more  than  a  mining  town.  He  had  gone  into  the  West  as  a  prospective 
miner,  and  during  a  number  of  years  afterwards  he  engaged  in  mining. 
He  returned  then  to  Denver  and  soon  found  work  at  his  trade  in  the 
ofifice  of  the  Black  Hawk  Journal  in  Blackhawk  and  later  on  the 
Central  City  Register  in  Central  City,  becoming  an  important  adjunct 
as  outside  man  and  also  on  the  editorial  staff.  His  newspaper  connec- 
tion ended  when  he  enlisted  as  one  of  a  company  of  brave  men,  one 
hundred  strong,  organizing  hurridly  for  the  protection  of  Denver 
from  an  anticipated  Indian  raid.  The  savages,  in  all  probability, 
learned  of  this  resolute  body,  for  they  confined  their  brutal  attacks 
to  helpless  wagon  trains  in  the  mountains,  evidences  of  which  were 
found  in  many  desolute  places  before  the  company  was  finally  dis- 
banded. 

Mr.  Wheeler  returned  then  to  Wisconsin,  and  for  about  three 
years  engaged  in  a  mercantile  business,  removing  then  to  Iowa,  and 
there  was  interested  in  the  lumber  trade  until  1888,  when  he  embraced 
an  opportunity  to  sell  out  to  advantage  and  soon  afterwards  was  on 
his  way  to  California  with  the  intention  of  locating  permanently  in 
this  state.  After  considerable  traveling  about  he  reached  Riverside, 
and  very  soon  felt  that  his  search  for  a  home  site  was  ended.  He 
purchased  property  at  1590  Mulberry  Street,  on  the  corner  of  Prospect 
Street,  where  he  erected  his  commodious  residence,  and  has  called 
Riverside  his  home  ever  since. 

After  locating  at  Riverside  Mr.  Wheeler  was  engaged  for  a  time 
in  the  furniture  business  under  the  name  of  \V.  S.  Sweat  &  Company. 
Later  he  disposed  of  his  interest  in  this  firm  and  purchased  the  Rose 
Mine  in  the  San  Bernardino  Mountains.  In  company  with  his  asso- 
ciates in  the  enterprise  he  erected  a  five-stamp  mill,  cleaning  up  what 
he  got  on  the  plate  and  shipping  his  concentrates  to  San  Francisco  and 
El  Paso.     He  continued  to  work  this  mine  for  three  or  four  years  and 


760         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

then  disposed  of  his  interests.  The  mine  is  still  being  worked.  He 
did  own  the  Egyptian  Mine  in  Colorado,  which  is  being  profitably 
worked,  a  long  tunnel  now  being  constructed  which  will  tap  the  ledge 
at  a  depth  of  about  1500  feet.  Mr.  Wheeler  sold  his  interest  in  this 
property  when  he  left  Colorado. 

After  returning  to  Riverside,  in  1903,  he  bought  680  acres  of  land 
in  the  Imperial  Valley,  which  was  soon  afterwards  put  under  water. 
He  raised  alfalfa,  corn,  wheat,  barley  and  cattle  for  a  number  of  years, 
but  finally  sold  out  when  he  felt  like  retiring  and  taking  life  a  little 
easier.  He  has  also  made  successful  experiments  in  orange  growing. 
He  bought  at  one  time  sixty  acres  of  land  in  High  Grove,  fifty  acres 
of  which  he  planted  to  oranges  and  brought  into  bearing.  At  one  time 
he  had  1500  stands  of  bees  in  and  around  Riverside,  and  his  largest 
shipment  of  honey  in  one  year  was  ninety  tons. 

In  1871  Mr.  Wheeler  married  Miss  Josephine  Packard,  who  was 
born  in  Ohio,  and  they  have  four  children ;  May,  who  is  the  wife  of 
William  Dunworth,  a  builder  at  Miami,  Florida,  and  they  have  three 
sons;  Frank,  who  is  superintendent  of  the  Globe  Mills  at  Calexico, 
has  a  family  of  wife,  two  sons  and  two  daughters ;  Hattie,  who  is  the 
wife  of  W.  B.  Richards,  interested  in  the  orange  and  lemon  growing 
industry  at  Long  Beach,  California,  and  they  have  two  children  ;  and 
Josiebelle,  is  the  wife  of  Clarence  Barton,  of  El  Centro,  who  is  treas- 
urer of  Imperial  County.  They  had  two  children,  but  one  of  whom  is 
now  living. 

Since  disposing  of  his  Imperial  Valley  property  Mr.  Wheeler  has 
led  a  quiet  life,  although  not  an  idle  one.  In  addition  to  his  handsome 
residence  at  Riverside  he  has  other  city  property  and  owns  the  business 
block  which  is  now  occupied  by  the  Daily  Enterprise  Publishing 
Company.  This  modern  structure  was  built  by  his  son-in-law,  Clar- 
ence Barton.  In  political  sentiment  Mr.  Wheeler  is  an  ardent  repub- 
lican, and  while  living  in  Iowa  he  was  quite  active  in  the  political 
field,  frequently  serving  in  township  offices  and  as  a  member  of  com- 
mittees and  as  delegate  to  party  conventions.  He  has  never  united 
with  anv  fraternal  organization  except  the  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  o'f  Elks. 

Mr.  Wheeler's  sister  (deceased)  was  Mrs.  Hattie  (Wheeler)  Paine, 
wife  of  Colonel  W.  H.  Paine,  who  was  on  the  staff  of  the  dififerent  gen- 
erals of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  She  died  after  presenting  her  hus- 
band with  a  daughter.  He  was  a  civil  engineer  and  was  commissioned 
a  captain  in  the  regular  Army  during  the  Civil  war  struggle  and  made 
a  great  name  as  a  bridge  builder.  Later  he  was  one  of  the  engineers  of 
the  Brooklyn  Bridge  and  when  the  cable  was  stretched  across  the  river 
he  and  his  daughter  were  the  first  to  cross  on  it,  prior  to  the  completion 
of  the  bridge. 

James  T.  Barrett,  Pn.  D. — As  professor  of  plant  pathology  and 
now  dean  of  the  Citrus  Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia, Doctor  Barrett  stan'ds  in  very  close  and  vital  relation  with  the 
primary  industry  of  Southern  California.  The  Experiment  Station  at 
Riverside,  more  fully  described  on  other  pages  of  this  publication,  is 
the  practical  laboratory  where  nearly  every  technical  problem  involved  in 
the  growing  of  citrus  fruits  is  worked  out,  and  growers  from  all  over 
this  section  of  the  state  resort  to  Doctor  Barrett's  office  for  advice  and 
coun.sel  on  determination  of  proper  fertilizers,  cultivation,  irrigation  and 
the  control  and  eradication  of  diseases. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         761 

Doctor  Barrett  came  to  California  from  the  University  of  Illinois. 
He  was  born  at  Butler,  Illinois,  November  14,  1876,  son  of  Jesse  C. 
and  Emma  (Hutchison)  Barrett,  the  former  born  in  Indiana  and  the 
latter  in  Illinois.  They  are  now  living  retired  in  Riverside.  They  are 
of  English  descent  and  of  old  American  families.  Emma  Hutchison 
represents  an  old  Kentucky  line,  being  related  with  the  Henry  Clay 
family.  Jesse  C.  Barrett  was  for  many  years  active  as  a  farmer  and 
teacher,  and  for  twelve  years  was  county  superintendent  of  schools  of 
Montgomery  County,  Illinois. 

James  T.  Barrett  attended  grammar  and  high  school  in  Illinois,  gradu- 
ating from  high  school  in  1894  and  finishing  his  preparatory  course  in 
1895.  During  1898-1900  he  taught  in  high  school,  and  in  1903  received 
his  A.  B.  degree  from  the  University  of  Illinois.  For  five  years  he 
was  on  the  research  stafif  of  the  University  of  Illinois  Agricultural  Ex- 
periment Station.  In  1907  he  received  his  A.  M.  degree,  and  in  1910 
was  granted  the  Ph.  D.  degree  by  Cornell  University.  On  leaving  Cornell 
he  returned  to  the  University  of  Illinois  in  the  department  of  botany, 
and  served  as  botanist  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  until  1913. 

Doctor  Barrett  in  1913  accepted  the  chair  of  plant  pathology  in  the 
Graduate  School  of  Tropical  Agriculture  and  Citrus  Experiment  Station, 
a  department  of  the  University  of  California,  and  has  since  been  actively 
identified  with  the  Riverside  community.  Since  July  1,  1919,  he  has 
been  acting  dean  and  director  of  the  station,  his  titles  being  Professor 
of  Plant  Pathology,  acting  director  of  the  Citrus  Experiment  Station 
and  acting  dean  of  the  Graduate  School  of  Tropical  Agriculture.  Doctor 
Barrett  is  serving  his  second  year  as  pre.sident  of  the  California  Citrus 
Institute. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  City  Planting  Commission,  the 
Board  of  Education,  the  American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of 
Science,  the  Botanical  Society  of  America,  American  Phytological  So- 
city  and  Western  Society  of  Naturalists.  In  1908  he  was  elected  to 
membership  in  Sigma  Xi,  the  national  honorary  scientific  fraternity.  He 
is  an  independent  republican  and  once  for  a  brief  time  was  in  local 
politics,  being  elected  and  serving  a  term  as  city  clerk  of  Butler,  Illinois. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Official  Board  of  the  First  Methodist  Church 
and  one  of  the  .superintendents  of  the  Sunday  School. 

June  15,  1904,  at  Butler,  Illinois,  Dr.  Barrett  married  Miss  Anne 
Turner,  a  native  of  Illinois,  daughter  of  William  Turner,  a  farmer  of 
that  state,  and  granddaughter  of  a  justly  distinguished  Illinois  college 
professor  and  horticulturist,  Jonathan  B.  Turner,  who  is  known  in  the 
history  of  that  state  as  the  originator  and  strong  supporter  of  the  land 
grant  idea  for  the  establishment  of  agricultural  colleges.  The  Morrill 
Land  Grant  Act.  which  resulted,  was  the  first  civil  bill  signed  by 
Abraham  Lincoln.  Out  of  this  Morrill  Act  came  the  provision  result- 
ing in  a  large  measure  in  the  founding  and  establishment  of  nearly  all 
state  agricultural  colleges.  The  four  children  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Barrett 
are  all  students  in  the  Riverside  schools,  their  names  being,  respectively, 
James  Turner,  Mary  Helen,  Martha  Anne  and  Paul  Hutchison  Barrett. 

Lyman  M.  Jenkins  is  a  former  Iowa  man  who  has  found  content- 
ment and  happiness  in  the  beautiful  surroundings  of  Riverside.  About 
twenty  years  ago  he  bought  a  place  of  eight  acres  on  Palmyrita  Avenue, 
and  that,  with  its  development  and  improvements,  constitutes  his  home 
today.  His  father  was  a  pioneer  Californian,  a  gold  seeker,  and  as  a 
boy  Lyman  Jenkins  heard  many  stories  from  his  father's  lips  and  thus 
came  to  know  California  and  was  attracted  to  its  marvelous  resources. 


762         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

When  the  health  of  Mr.  Jenkins'  wife  began  failing  in  the  eastern  climate 
it  was  only  natural  that  he  should  select  the  sun-kissed  valleys  of  this 
state  to  restore  her. 

Mr.  Jenkins  was  born  in  Illinois,  August  17,  1858,  son  of  Charles  and 
Harriet  (Thatcher)  Jenkins,  both  natives  of  New  York  State  and  of 
English  descent  and  "Revolutionary  stock.  His  father  while  in  Illinois 
was  a  successful  farmer  and  very  popular  citizen,  and  was  county  super- 
visor for  eight  or  ten  years.  In  1850  he  went  across  the  plains  to 
California  in  search  of  gold,  remaining  about  two  years.  He  afterward 
made  two  other  trips  west. 

Lyman  M.  Jenkins  had  a  public  school  education  and  attended  the 
business  college  at  Naperville,  Illinois.  From  school  he  returned  to  the 
work  of  a  farm  in  that  section  of  the  state,  and  in  1883  moved  to  Iowa, 
where  for  ten  vears  he  followed  farming  and  was  then  a  merchant  at 
VVinthrop  until'lQOl. 

Largely  on  account  of  his  wife's  health  he  sold  his  interests  in  Iowa 
and  came  to  Riverside.  His  purchase  of  eight  acres  Hes  on  Palmyrita 
Avenue  and  La  Cadena  Drive.  He  grows  oranges,  grain  and  alfalfa 
and  has  recently  added  chickens.  The  poultry  is  assuming  an  important 
place  in  his  farm  operation.  His  land  is  on  a  gentle  anticline  that 
commands  an  interesting  view  of  the  valley  and  the  surrounding  orange 
groves,  with  the  mountains  showing  in  the  distance  on  all  sides.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Poultry  Association  and  of  the  Riverside  Farm  Bureau. 

Mr.  Jenkins  throughout  his  manhood  has  been  a  staunch  republican. 
He  was  a  leader  in  his  party  in  Iowa,  serving  on  the  City  and  County 
Central  Committees  and  frequently  as  a  delegate  to  conventions.  For 
five  years  he  v^as  a  trustee  of  the  town  of  Winthrop.  Politics  has  given 
him  little  concern  since  coming  to  California.  Here  he  has  devoted  his 
time  to  the  ranch,  both  for  pleasure  and  profit.  He  is  also  interested 
in  city  property  in  Calipatria  in  the  Imperial  Valley.  Mr.  Jenkins 
was  secretary  of  the  Lodge  of  Masons  at  Winthrop  until  he  came  to 
California.    He  is  a  member  of  the  First  Methodist  Church  at  Riverside. 

While  in  Illinois  he  married  Miss  Adela  Baylis,  who  died,  leaving 
three  children.  Charles,  the  oldest,  is  an  electrical  engineer  with  the 
Southern  California  Edison  Company  at  Los  Angeles,  and  by  his  mar- 
riage with  Miss  Ina  Rudy,  of  Salt  Lake,  has  a  daughter,  Betty.  Rosa, 
the  second  child,  is  the  wife  of  Baird  Travers,  a  carpenter  and  contractor 
at  Calipatria,  California,  and  has  a  daughter,  Adela.  Howard,  the 
youngest,  associated  with  the  Lewis  Company  at  Atascadero,  married 
Lois  Johnson,  of  Riverside,  a  sister  of  W.  A.  Johnson,  president  of  the 
First  National  Bank.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Howard  Jenkins  have  one  daughter. 

At  Winthrop,  Iowa,  November  27,  1895,  Mr.  Jenkins  married  Miss 
Jessie  Fernald.  She  was  born  in  Iowa,  daughter  of  Charles  Fernald. 
Her  mother  is  now  living  with  her  in  Riverside.  Mr.  Jenkins  also  has 
three  children  by  his  second  marriage:  Lucille,  wife  of  Merrill  Phinney, 
of  Highgrove ;  Fred  F.,  with  the  Lewis  Company  at  Atascadero,  and 
Miss  Doris,  of  the  class  of  1924,  in  the  Riverside  High  School. 

William  B.  Ricker — The  growing  of  tropical  fruits  and  nuts  and 
the  packing  and  shipping  of  the  same  occupy  the  attention  of  many  sub- 
stantial residents  of  Riverside  County.  The  lavish  bounty  of  nature  has 
brought  many  a  man  with  farming  experience  to  this  favored  part  of 
California.  In  all  vocations  in  which  climate  and  soil  must  be  primarily 
taken  into  consideration  the  modern  system  of  scientific  training  is  a 
great  and  helpful  factor  in  bringing  about  success,  whether  it  is  applied 
to  growing  grain  in  the  East,  corn  in  Illinois  or  oranges  in  California. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         763 

A  prosperous  fruit  and  nut  grower,  whose  beautiful  home  is  at  River- 
side, is  William  B.  Ricker,  who  spent  all  his  early  years  on  a  New 
England  farm. 

WiHiam  B.  Ricker  was  born  at  Turner.  Androscoggin  County,  Maine. 
and  is  a  son  of  J.  W.  and  Betsy  (Briggs)  Ricker.  Both  the  Ricker  and 
Briggs  ancestors  came  to  New  England  in  Colonial  days  and  both  were 
heroically  represented  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  J-  W.  Ricker  and  his 
wife  spent  their  lives  in  Maine.  He  was  a  substantial  farmer  in  Andros- 
coggin County,  and  was  prominent  in  politics  and  influential  in  civic 
matters  at  Auburn,  serving  in  such  offices  as  school  commissioner  and 
councilman.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  war.  serving  three  years 
in  Company  C.  Eighth  Maine  Volunteer  Infantry. 

William'  B.  Ricker  attended  the  public  schools  and  completed  the 
high  school  course  at  Auburn,  Maine,  following  which  he  settled  down  on 
the  home  farm  and  assisted  his  father  in  its  management  and  operation 
until  he  was  twenty-nine  years  old.  In  1903  he  came  to  California,  and 
shortly  afterward  bought  five  acres  of  land  at  the  corner  of  Blaine 
Street  and  Chicago  Avenue,  Riverside,  which  he  devoted  to  walnuts, 
oranges  and  other  fruits.  He  has  prospered  greatlj^  in  this  undertaking, 
and  it  is  generally  acknowledged  that  no  other  property  in  this  vicinity  is 
better  cared  for.  more  attractive  or  more  profitable.  He  brou.ght  with 
him  from  the  East  well  settled  habits  of  industry,  and  during  the  winter 
seasons  until  recently  he  was  usually  to  be  found  at  work  in  the  plant 
of  the  Riverside  Heights.  No.  10,  packing  house,  of  which  he  is  a 
member,  or  the  Monte  Vista  Citrus  Association. 

On  June  21.  1898,  Mr.  Ricker  married  Miss  Mildred  Lowell,  who 
was  born  in  Maine  and  is  a  daughter  of  James  L.  Lowell,  a  substantial 
farmer.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ricker  have  had  two  children :  Verna  Grace, 
whose  lamented  death  occurred  on  March  19,  1921.  when  aged  but  six- 
teen years;  and  Wesley  L.,  who  is  a  student  in  the  Riverside  Junior 
College. 

In  politics  Mr.  Ricker  is  a  republican,  but  he  has  contented  himself 
with  being  an  earnest  and  loyal  citizen  rather  than  a  seeker  for  public 
office.  He  belongs  to  the  Sons  of  Veterans  and  also  to  the  Present  Day 
Club.  He  has  never  regretted  coming  to  California,  and  no  resident 
of  Riverside  could  be  more  appreciative  or  more  anxious  to  advance 
its  welfare  in  every  way. 

Herman  H.  Monroe,  of  Riverside,  has  had  a  wide  newspaper  expe- 
rience covering  nearly  a  half  century  both  in  California  and  the  Middle 
West,  is  a  scholar,  a  writer,  and  has  had  residence  in  Riverside  for 
thirty-five  years.  He  was  born  at  Knoxville.  Tioga  County,  Pennsyl- 
vania, May  22,  1852.  His  father,  Augustus  J.  Monroe,  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts,  of  Scotch-English  ancestry  and  of  the  stock  that 
produced  President  Monroe.  He  was  a  criminal  lawyer  of  some  note, 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature  in  the  fifties,  and 
in  1860  became  a  pioneer  citizen  of  Iowa,  where  he  served  the  Gov- 
ernment as  assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue,  was  city  attorney 
and  otherwise  prominent  in  his  home  town  of  Monticello.  He  prac- 
ticed law  in  the  courts  of  Cedar  Rapids  and  Des  Moines  until  he  was 
past  eighty  and  lived  to  the  ri]5e  age  of  ninety-six  years.  His  wife 
was  Adelia  Wood,  a  native  of  New  York  State  and  of  Revolutionary 
ancestry.     They  had  three  volunteer  sons  in  the  Civil  war. 

Herman  H.  Monroe  attended  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of 
Monticello,  and  in  1868,  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  entered  the  local  printing 
office  and   learned   the   "Art   Preservative."     In    1875   he   became   an 


764         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

employe  in  the  Government  printing  office  at  Washington.  Later  for 
some  five  years  he  had  charge  of  the  Record-Union  at  Rochester, 
Minnesota,  an  establishment  that  handled  all  of  the  printing  for  the 
great  grain  firm  of  G.  W.  Van  Dusen  &  Company,  then  operating  140 
elevators  throughout  Minnesota  and  the  Dakotas. 

Mr.  Monroe  came  to  Riverside  in  the  autumn  of  1886  and  soon  after 
assumed  foremanship  of  the  Daily  Press,  then  owned  by  L.  M. 
Holt.  Later,  when  the  Clarke  Brothers  came  over  from  Ontario  and 
succeeded  to  the  ownership  of  the  paper,  it  was  soon  after  incorporated 
and  Mr.  Monroe  became  first  vice-president  of  the  Press  Printing 
Company.  In  1889  he  sold  his  stock  to  H.  W.  Hammond  and  pur- 
chased the  Morning  Enterprise,  creating  the  firm  of  Monroe  & 
Barton.  This  plant  he  owned  wholly  or  in  part  four  different  times, 
but  in  1913  finally  disposed  of  interests  in  Riverside  and  became  half- 
owner  in  the  Hemet  News  with  John  E.  King,  another  veteran  news- 
paper man,  who  is  also  postmaster  at  Hemet. 

When  Mr.  Monroe  withdrew  from  the  Press  Printing  Company 
the  Daily  Press  said  of  him:  "Mr.  Monroe  has  been  connected  with 
the  Press  since  1886,  and  has  won  the  fullest  respect  and  kindest  re- 
gard of  all  his  associates.  He  is  a  well-equipped  newspaper  man  with 
wide  and  varied  training,  and  should  make  a  success  of  his  new 
venture.  His  former  partners  on  the  Press  bespeak  for  him  a  cordial 
reception  from  the  people  of  Riverside  and  the  newspaper  fraternity. 
The  work  of  dramatic  critic,  which  for  years  has  been  so  acceptably 
done  by  Mr.  Monroe,  will  be  handled  by  some  other  member  of  the 
Press  staff  in  a  manner,  we  trust,  to  maintain  the  high  reputation  of 
that  department  of  this  paper." 

The  Hemet  News  is  one  of  the  live  papers  of  the  county  and  is 
generally  regarded  by  newspaper  people  as  one  of  the  best  weekly 
journals  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  While  conducting  the  Enterprise  Mr. 
Monroe  was  a  director  of  the  local  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  was 
active  in  the  business  life  of  Riverside.  He  served  as  city  censor 
during  five  consecutiyc  mayoralty  terms.  He  is  affiliated  with  Sunny- 
side  Lodge,  Knights  of  Pythias,  of  which  he  is  one  of  its  oldest 
members. 

It  may  not  be  improper  to  note  that  during  his  connection  with  the 
Riverside  papers  Mr.  Monroe,  as  dramatic  critic,  had  full  charge  of  the 
department  of  amusements,  and  through  his  kindly  efforts  some  of 
Riverside's  young  musicians  were  given  publicity  and  encouragement 
to  what  subsequently  led  to  successful  careers.  Among  these  might 
be  named  Isobel  Curl  (Mme.  Piana),  Norma  Rockhold  (Mile.  Rocca), 
Marcia  Craft  (Marcella  Craft),  Henry  Ohlmeyer,  the  bandmaster,  and 
other  musicians  and  readers  who  have  honored  Riverside  before  the 
footlights. 

At  Monticello,  Iowa,  January  17,  1874,  Mr.  Monroe  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Lydia  A.  Austin,  a  native  of  New  York  State,  and 
of  English-Irish  descent.  Her  father  was  N.  W^  Austin,  a  contractor 
and  builder  who  operated  in  Chicago  after  the  great  fire.  Mrs.  Monroe 
is  possessor  of  a  beautiful  lyric  soprano  voice  and  cultivated  her 
musical  talent  as  a  pupil  of  Mme.  Sarah  Hershey-Eddy  in  Chicago. 
From  childhood  she  was  prominent  in  musical  circles  and  always 
gave  freely  of  her  services.  In  1891  she  became  interested  in  the  order 
of  Pythian  Sisters,  and  by  rapid  advancement  occupied  the  presiding 
chairs  in  Subordinate,  Grand,  and  finally,  the  higest  office  that  the 
order  has  to  bestow,  in  the  Supreme  Temple.     She  has  also  for  many 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         765 

years  been   an   active   member   of  other   prominent   fraternal   organi- 
zations. 

Frank  D.  Troth  was  a  Pittsburgh  merchant  for  a  score  of  years 
before  coming  to  California,  and  his  business  activities  have  been  suc- 
cessfully continued  in  Riverside,  where  he  is  well  known  as  a  financier, 
is  president  of  the  Title  Insurance  Company  and  is  also  head  of  one 
of  the  leading  drug  firms  of  the  city. 

Mr.  Troth  was  born  February  28,  1861,  son  of  William  J.  and  Mar- 
garet (Scott)  Troth.  His  mother  was  a  native  of  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia. 
His  father  was  born  in  Vienna,  Dorchester  County,  Maryland,  and  was 
a  well  known  citizen  of  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  for  many  years.  He 
was  in  the  internal  revenue  service  in  that  city,  and  later,  when  Pitts- 
burgh Safe  Deposit  Company  was  organized,  the  first  deposit  company 
ever  started  in  Pittsburgh  and  now  one  of  the  big  financial  institutions 
of  that  city,  he  became  custodian,  and  filled  that  post  of  duty  for  twenty- 
four  years,  until  his  death. 

Frank  D.  Troth  grew  up  and  received  his  early  education  in 
Pittsburgh,  attending  grammar  and  high  school.  As  a  boy  he  went 
to  work  in  a  drug  store  and  gained  a  thorough  and  practical  knowledge 
of  the  drug  business  and  was  also  granted  a  license  as  a  pharmacist 
by  the  state.  For  twenty  years  he  conducted  his  own  store  at 
Pittsburgh. 

On  coming  to  Riverside  in  1908  Mr.  Troth  took  up  an  entirely 
new  line  of  business,  as  an  associate  of  the  Union  Title  and  Abstract 
Company.  He  was  elected  president  of  this  company  in  1912.  Later 
the  company  bought  the  oldest  abstract  business  in  Riverside  County, 
known  as  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company,  and  continued  under  the 
name  of  the  old  organization,  with  Mr.  Troth  as  president.  In  1919 
the  business  was  reincorporated  as  the  Title  Insurance  Company  of 
Riverside,  of  which  Mr.  Troth  is  president. 

August  5,  1919,  Mr.  Troth  became  a  partner  in  a  drug  business 
which  for  ten  years  had  been  conducted  by  George  A.  McCarty.  The 
new  firm  name  is  Troth  &  McCarty,  and  they  have  a  splendid  store, 
with  a  trade  from  all  over  the  country  and  a  rapidly  increasing 
business. 

Mr.  Troth  both  in  Pennsylvania  and  in  California  has  been  active 
in  republican  politics.  While  in  Pennsylvania  he  was  secretary 
of  the  School  Board  at  Knoxville.  He  is  the  present  park  commis- 
sioner of  Riverside.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Business  Men's  Associa- 
tion, the  Present  Day  Club,  and  is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  Lodge 
at  Pittsburgh,  Al  Malaikah  Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  at  Los 
Angeles,  Riverside  Lodge  of  Elks  and  the  Maccabees.  He  is  a  deacon 
in  the  First  Congregational  Church  and  a  member  of  the  Choir 
Committee. 

Mr.  Troth  married  Elizabeth  Jahn,  a  native  of  Pittsburgh,  daughter 
of  John  Jahn,  of  Pittsburgh.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Troth  were  married  in 
Castle  Shannon  in  Pittsburgh.  They  are  the  parents  of  a  daughter 
and  twin  sons.  The  daughter,  Margaret,  is  the  wife  of  W.  H.  Davis, 
chemist  for  the  Standard  Oil  Company  at  Oakland,  California.  Frank 
D.,  Jr.,  is  a  student  in  Pomona  College,  and  Fred  B.,  formerly 
connected  with  the  George  Reynolds  Company  of  Riverside,  is  now 
with  the  Owl  Drug  Company  of  Los  Angeles. 

S.  Leonard  Herrick — It  sometimes  happens  that  what  at  the 
time  was  regarded  as  a   serious  calamity   is,  in  reality,  a  "blessing 


766         SAN  BERXARDIXO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

in  disguise,"  for  through  it  and  the  resultant  changes  in  plans  of  living 
and  jilace  of  residence  men  ofttimes  enter  into  a  sphere  of  usefulness 
for  which  their  talents  sjiecially  fit  Uiem,  and  in  this  way  succeed 
beyond  their  expectations  and  attain  to  a  degree  of  prosperity  which 
would  not  have  been  possible  under  other  conditions.  Such,  without 
doubt,  has  been  the  experience  of  S.  Leonard  Herrick,  one  of  the  most 
successful  orange  growers  of  Riverside,  who  came  to  this  city  because 
of  ill  health  which  forbade  his  pursuing  the  course  he  had  laid  out 
for  himself. 

S.  Leonard  Herrick  was  born  at  Grinnell,  Iowa,  September  I, 
1873,  a  son  of  Stephen  Henderson  and  Hattie  E.  (Fellows)  Herrick, 
the  former  of  whom  is  a  banker  of  Riverside,  whose  sketch  appears 
elsewhere  in  this  work.  He  came  to  California  in  1882,  on  an  expedi- 
tion to  collect  specimens  for  an  Eastern  museum,  stopping  during 
his  trip  with  his  family  in  Oakland.  He  was  so  pleased  with  whpt  he 
saw  of  Riverside  that  he.  located  there  with  his  family  in  1886,  and 
became  at  once  identified  with  the  citrus  culture  of  this  region. 
Growing  up  in  Riverside,  S.  Leonard  Herrick  attended  its  public 
schools,  and  then  became  a  student  of  Pomona  College  at  Claremont, 
California  in  1889,  the  year  the  college  was  opened  at  Claremont, 
and  was  graduated  from  its  preparatory  department  in  1892.  He 
then  went  to  Iowa  College,  now  Grinnell  College,  at  Grinnell,  Iowa, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1895  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor 
of  Arts.  His  father  had  graduated  from  the  same  institution  with 
the  same  degree  just  thirty  years  previously.  After  graduation  he 
acted  as  private  secretary  to  the  president  of  the  college  until  an 
opportunity  presented  itself  by  which  he  was  enabled  to  attend  the 
university  of  Chicago  to  study  for  another  degree.  He  studied  there 
twelve  months  and  then  he  continued  his  studies  abroad  in  company 
with  an  instructor  in  sociology  at  Grinnell  College. 

After  his  return  from  abroad  he  took  the  Degree  of  Master  of 
.\rts  at  Grinnell  College.  A  position  was  offered  him  at  Pomona 
College,  which  he  accepted,  and  was  engaged  in  teaching  there  during 
1898-1899.  He  proposed  to  devote  his  life  to  educational  work, 
specializing  on  the  subjects  to  which  he  had  devoted  so  much  thought 
and  study,  bvit  his  health  did  not  warrant  the  close  confinement 
necessary  for  this  work,  and  he  was  forced  to  entirely  change  his 
mode  of  living  and  turn  his  attention  to  some  occupation  which 
would  insure  his  being  in  the  open.  His  father's  important  holdings 
in  ranch  property  afforded  his  son  ample  opportunity  for  developing 
his  own  interests  and  recovering  his  health,  and  the  younger  man 
has  since  1900,  looked  after  the  outside  interests  of  his  father  as  well 
as  his  own,  which  have  steadily  increased  in  volume,  and  he  is  now 
numbered  among  the  prominent  orange  growers  of  this  part  of  the 
state.  S.  Leonard  Herrick  is  secretary  of  the  East  Riverside  Water 
Company,  manager  for  the  East  Riverside  Land  Company ; 
treasurer  and  general  manager  for  the  Herrick  Estates,  Incorporated; 
and  treasurer  for  the  Lemona  Heights  Company.  He  is  a  director 
of  the  Monte  Vista  Citrus  Association,  and  for  several  years  was 
president  of  the  Highgrove  Fruit  Exchange  and  has  been  very 
closely  identified  with  the  citrus  industry  since  he  left  the  educational 
field.  At  Riverside  and  its  vicinity  he  owns  with  his  father  two 
hundred  acres  of  citrus  groves,  and  a  one-fourth  interest  in  the  Lemona 
Heights  Company,  which  owns  one  hundred  and  eighty-six  acres  of 
oranges  and  lemons. 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         767 

During  1918  and  1919  Mr.  Herrick  worked  for  the  United  States 
Government  as  a  real-estate  expert  on  a  Board  of  Claims  at  Camp 
Fremont,  Palo  Alto.  California.  He  also  appraised  the  ground  where 
March  Aviation  Field  is  now  situated,  and  had  the  Realty  Board 
make  a  second  appraisment.  and  from  these  the  valuation  was  de- 
termined and  the  purchase  made  by  the  Government. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  First  Congregational  Church  of  Riverside, 
and  active  in  that  body.  A  republican,  he  takes  a  deep  interest  in 
local  elections. 

In  1901  Mr.  Herrick  erected  his  comfortable  residence  at  1437 
Lemon  Street.  On  x\ugust  24,  1899,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Margaret  Stuart,  of  Park  Ridge,  which  is  a  suburb  of  Chicago,  Illinois, 
Mrs.  Herrick  was  born  in  Chicago,  and  is  a  daughter  of  the  late  Colonel 
O.  Stuart.  Mrs.  Stuart  survives  her  husband  and  is  now  residing  in 
Riverside.  Colonel  Stuart  was  colonel  of  the  Ninetieth  Illinois  Volun- 
teer Infantry,  and  was  one  of  the  few  men  who  had  the  doubtful  pleas- 
ure of  reading  his  own  obituary.  At  Missionery  Ridge  he  was  shot 
through  the  abdomen,  and  the  bullet  dropped  into  one  of  his  boots.  He 
was  reported  dead,  and  his  wife  secured  a  permit  from  General  Grant 
to  recover  his  body  and  take  it  home  which  permit  Mrs.  Stuart  still 
preserves.  Not  only  was  this  report,  fortunately,  untrue  but  Colonel 
Stuart  recovered  and  later  marched  with  Sherman  to  the  sea.  After 
the  war  he  was  in  the  emplov  of  the  United  States  Government  at 
Chicago,  Illinois,  until  his  death. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Herrick  have  one  son,  Stuart  H.  Herrick,  who  was 
educated  at  the  Claremont  School  for  Boys  at  Claremont,  California, 
and  the  Riverside  High  School.  He  was  connected  with  the  Corn 
Exchange  National  Bank  of  Chicago  for  several  months  and  is  now 
associate  manager  of  the  Herrick  Estates,  Incorporated. 

Mr.  Herrick  is  an  only  son,  but  he  has  a  sister,  Lida,  who  is  the 
wife  of  J.  Lansing  Lane,  of  Santa  Cruz  where  he  has  large  property 
interests.  Mrs.  Lane  is  a  graduate  of  Mills  Seminary,  and  was  iden- 
tified with  the  social  life  of  Riverside  during  its  early  period,  and 
was  very  popular.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lane  have  a  son.  Derick,  and  a 
daughter,  Elizabeth.  Derick  Lane  was  in  active  service  during  the 
World  war,  as  a  member  of  the  aviation  branch  in  France,  and  was  on 
the  J:ransport  Tuscania  which  was  sunk  near  the  coast  of  Scotland. 

Mr.  Herrick  has  never  lost  his  interest  in  the  subjects  to  which 
in  early  life  he  devoted  so  much  thought.  He  has  a  broad  outlook 
on  life,  and  is  a  capable  business  man  and  a  great  booster  for  River- 
side and  its  citrus  industry. 

George  Tyler  Bigelow,  of  Riverside,  is  a  native  Californian,  though 
for  a  number  of  years  he  lived  in  the  East  and  practiced  law. 

He  was  born  at  San  Francisco  February  19,  1882,  son  of  George 
Tyler  and  Elizabeth  V.  (Waters)  Bigelow.  LTntil  he  was  eight  years 
of  age  he  was  in  a  private  school  at  San  Francisco,  and  from  1890  to 
1898  had  the  advantage  of  private  schools  at  Detroit,  Michigan.  Mr. 
Bigelow  is  an  A.  B.  graduate  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  with 
the  class  of  1903,  and  in  1906  received  his  law  degree  from  Harvard 
University.  On  the  conclusion  of  his  education  he  practiced  law  in 
Boston  and  later  in  Oklahoma,  and  in  1910  removed  to  Riverside, 
where  he  bought  an  orange  grove  and  up  to  1916  devoted  himself  to 
orange  culture.  In  1917  he  was  made  secretary  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  and  in  1918  became  special  agent  of  the  Southern  Sierra 
Power  Company  and  is  now  assistant  general  agent  of  that  corpora- 


768         SAX  BERKARDIKO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

tion.  He  was  campaign  manager  of  all  Liberty  Loan  drives  and  all 
other  drives  for  Riverside  City  and  County. 

Mr.  Bigelow  has  served  as  a  director  and  was  president  in  1920 
of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce.  He  organized  the  Rotary  Club  in  1920 
and  was  its  first  president.  He  has  been  a  director  of  the  Present 
Day  Club  for  three  years  and  is  a  member  of  the  Elks  Lodge. 

Februrary  27,  1908,  at  Madison,  Wisconsin,  he  married  Miss  Ada 
M.  Welsh,  daughter  of  George  W.  and  Mary  S.  (Carpenter)  Welsh. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bigelow  have  two  children,  Mary  E.,  born  in  Madison, 
Wisconsin,  and  Eunice  M..  born  in  Riverside,  California. 

Judge  E.  G.  Brown,  well  remembered  and  loved.  E.  G.  Brown,  bet- 
ter known  to  everyone  in  Riverside  as  Judge  Brown,  was  one  of  the 
most  determined  and  foresighted  of  that  original  colony  which  fifty 
years  ago  set  in  motion  the  activities  that  redeemed  waste  places  in 
Southern  California  and  transformed  them  into  the  foundations  of  the 
present  City  of  Riverside  and  of  Riverside  County. 

He  possessed  the  sturdiness  of  a  native  son  of  the  Pine  Tree  State 
of  Maine,  having  been  born  in  Franklin  County  of  that  common- 
wealth in  1821,  and  reared  on  a  farm.  He  graduated  in  1842  from  the 
Wesleyan  Seminary  at  Readfield.  For  several  years  following  he 
clerked  in  mercantile  houses  at  Rochester  and  Elmira,  New  York, 
and  for  three  years  did  a  successful  independent  business  at  Elmira. 
His  next  stage  of  progress  took  him  half  way  to  the  final  goal  of  his 
career.  At  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  he  became  one  of  the  pioneer  business 
men,  engaging  in  the  warehouse  and  grain  business  under  the  firm 
name  of  S.  C.  Bearer  &  Company.  This  interest  he  sold  in  the  fall 
of  1863  and  at  Belle  Plaine,  Iowa,  started  a  general  mercantile  business 
and  continued  it  successfully  until  he  came  to  California. 

It  was  as  one  of  the  original  promoters  of  the  Riverside  Colony 
Association  that  Judge  Brown  came  to  California  and  with  late  Dr. 
Greves  visited  the  Riverside  site  in  June,  1870.  They  were  among 
the  first  members  of  the  association  on  the  ground.  At  once  Mr. 
Brown  insisted  the  association  purchase  the  land.  His  views  were 
not  shared  by  other  influential  members  of  the  association.  Unable 
to  persuade  Judge  North,  president  of  the  company,  to  complete  the 
transaction,  Judge  Brown  returned  to  Iowa  and  began  the  organization 
of  another  company  for  the  express  and  well  advertised  purpose  of 
buying  the  Riverside  land.  Doubtless  he  would  have  persisted  in 
his  new  course,  though  essentially  it  was  a  strategic  move,  and  effected 
its  purpose,  since  the  original  company  put  an  end  to  delays  and  in 
September  of  the  same  year  closed  the  deal  and  secured  the  land. 
Judge  Brown  had  correctly  estimated  the  temper  and  good  judgment 
of  his  associates,  and  as  soon  as  they  accepted  what  he  had  persistently 
urged  he  abandoned  his  new  company  project  and  settling  up  all  his 
aflfairs  in  Iowa  in  May,  1871,  returned  with  his  family  to  Riverside  and 
thus  joined  actively  in  the  colony  project  at  the  very  beginning. 

Judge  Brown  located  on  Government  land  in  sections  13  and  14, 
getting  a  hundred  and  four  acres  half  a  mile  north  and  east  of  the 
town  site  on  Colton  avenue,  now  La  Cadena  Drive.  While  not  pos- 
sessed of  large  financial  resources,  he  had  the  invaluable  pioneer  traits 
of  courage  and  perseverance.  Though  just  t,urned  fifty,  he  set  about 
his  task  of  making  a  home  in  the  West  with  all  the  vigor  and  enthu- 
siasm of  a  younger  man.  His  first  task  was  the  building  of  a  cabin 
12x16  feet.  He  cleared  the  ground  and  put  out  a  great  variety  of 
trees,  vines,  shrubs  and  plants.     This  was  purely   experimental  on 


E.  G.  Brown 


SAX  BERXARniXO  AXD  RI\'ERSIDE  COUXTIES         76Q 

his  part,  since  neither  he  nor  anyone  else  knew  what  would  grow  and 
he  of  service  and  what  would  not.  A  small  nursery  for  citrus  fruits 
was  another  feature  of  his  early  enterprise.  From  the  first  he  pros- 
pered, his  orange  grove  grew  rapidly  and  was  soon  a  source  of  revenue. 
He  added  to  his  home  until  he  had  a  beautiful  ornamental  residence 
known  as  "The  Anchorage."  His  horticultural  as  well  as  other  under- 
takings seemed  destined  to  invariable  success,  and  his  home  and  ranch 
came  to  be  known  as  one  of  the  show  places  of  the  district. 

A  general  esteem  was  paid  him  by  every  resident  of  Riverside  not 
only  for  his  enterprise  but  for  his  upright  character.  He  got  out  of 
life  what  he  put  in  it,  loyalty,  faith,  energy,  belief  in  his  God  and  his 
fellowman.  His  time  and  money  were  used  to  further  the  upbuilding 
of  Riverside  and  he  lived  to  enjoy  many  years  in  the  city  he  helped 
found.  He  was  a  member  and  for  many  years  senior  warden  of  the 
Episcopal  Church,  and  in  politics  a  republican.  While  he  avoided 
public  ofifice,  he  consented  to  serve  as  justice  of  the  peace  through 
appointment,  and  afterward  was  elected  and  reelected,  continuing 
in  that  ofifice  until  1880. 

In  1850  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Van  Wickle,  a  native  of  New  York, 
whose  family,  of  Holland-Dutch  ancestry,  was  planted  in  New  York  at 
an  early  period  in  the  European  settlement  of  the  continent.  Mrs. 
Brown  was  a  young  woman  of  Eastern  education,  social  ideals  and  ac- 
customed to  the  comforts  of  Eastern  life,  yet  she  bravely  and  cheerfully 
accepted  the  tasks  and  responsibilities  of  pioneering  both  in  Iowa  and 
in  Cahfornia.  Judge  and  Mrs.  Brown  had  three  children:  Sara  C. ; 
Lyman  V.  W.,  of  Riverside ;  and  Catherine,  who  died  at  Belle  Plaine, 
Iowa,  in  1872,  the  wife  of  S.  S.  Sweet. 

To  the  adventuresome  spirit  of  Judge  Brown,  Riverside  today  owes 
an  unforgettable  debt.  As  long  as  the  town  endures  and  her  history 
is  known,  so  long  will  his  name,  his  memory  and  influence  be  esteemed 
by  its  inhabitants.  Beyond  any  other  heritage  his  children  appreciate 
what  he  was  and  what  he  stood  for,  a  character  unsullied  by  mean- 
ness, and  constantly  expressive  of  kindness  and  consideration  for 
others.     He  was  a  strong  man  who  seized  the  hour  of  opportunity. 

George  Robert  Freem.vn  has  been  practicing  law  in  Southern  Cali- 
fornia the  greater  part  of  thirty  years.  His  home  is  at  Corona,  where 
he  has  directed  a  large  and  important  practice,  involving  participation 
in  the  city's  alTairs  as  city  attorney. 

Mr.  Freeman  was  born  at  Galesville,  Wisconsin,  March  18,  1867, 
son  of  George  Young  and  Ann  (Stroud)  Freeman.  His  father  was  a 
native  of  New  York  State  and  of  Knickerbocker  stock,  the  family 
having  been  identified  with  the  dedication  of  the  famous  Trinity 
Church,  The  great-great-grandfather  of  the  Corona  lawyer  received 
a  grant  of  land  from  King  George  of  England.  Ann  Stroud  was  of 
Pennsylvania  Quaker  and  Dutch  stock  and  a  member  of  the  family 
for  whom  the  town  of  Stroudsburg  in  Pennsylvania  was  named. 
George  Y.  Freeman  and  wife  moved  to  Elkhorn,  Wisconsin,  during 
the  fifties,  and  were  among  the  first  to  establish  their  homes  in  the 
new  town  of  Galesville  in  1858.  George  Y,  Freeman  was  a  brilliant 
and  talented  lawyer  and  one  of  the  leading  democrats  in  the  State 
of  Wisconsin,  President  Cleveland  appointed  him  a  commissioner 
of  contested  land  cases  under  Secretary  Vilas  in  the  General  Land 
Office  in  Washington,  D,  C,  where  he  rendered  efficient  service.  For 
a  number  of  years  he  was  district  attorney  of  Trempealeau  County, 
and  was  once  democratic  candidate  for  Congress.    While  the  Chicago 


770         SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

&  Northwestern  Railway  was  being  constructed  through  Wisconsin 
he  used  all  his  influence  to  bring  the  route  to  Galesville,  and  during  the 
construction  and  afterwards  was  attorney  for  the  Northwestern  Rail- 
way Company.  His  three  sons  all  became  prominent  in  professional 
affairs.  Charles  E.  Freeman  is  a  Presbyterian  minister  at  Galesville, 
Wisconsin.  His  twin  brother,  E.  W.  Freeman,  was  one  of  the  success- 
ful lawyers  of  Los  Angeles,  where  he  died  in  September,  1919. 

George  R.  Freeman  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  college 
at  Galesville,  Wisconsin,  and  began  the  study  of  law  with  his  father 
in  1888.  In  1889  he  entered  the  law  department  of  Columbia  Univer- 
sity at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  while  there  attended  lectures  delivered 
by  Chief  Justice  Fuller  and  Justice  John  AI.  Harlan  of  the  Supreme 
Court  and  by  other  distinguished  jurists.  During  1891-92  he  con- 
tinued his  studies  in  the  Chicago  Law  College,  graduating  in  1892. 

Mr.  Freeman  came  to  California  soon  after  graduating  and  until 
1894  he  was  deputy  county  clerk  of  San  Bernardino  County  under 
George  Hisom.  He  was  an  associate  deputy  with  Frank  W.  Richard- 
son, present  state  treasurer  of  California.  About  the  time  Corona 
was  established  he  moved  to  that  community  and  formed  a  partnership 
with  his  brother  E.  W.  Freeman.  In  1896,  at  the  death  of  his  mother, 
he  returned  to  Galesville,  Wisconsin,  and  took  up  his  father's  law 
practice.  In  1899,  his  brother  Edwin  having  moved  to  Los  Angeles, 
he  returned  to  Corona  and  took  over  the  practice  established  by  Edwin 
Freeman  there.  He  has  served  for  about  twenty  years  as  city  attorney 
for  Corona,  and  in  addition  has  a  large  general  practice  before  all  the 
courts  and  is  attorney  for  a  number  of  local  corporations  in  the  state. 
He  is  vice  president  of  the  El  Cerrito  Ranch  Company  of  Corona, 
has  been  a  director  in  the  Corona  National  Bank  and  stockholder  in 
the  three  banks  at  Corona.  Judge  Freeman  was  a  member  of  the 
Public  Library  Board  at  Corona  when  the  present  library  building 
was  constructed.  In  1910  he  was  elected  on  the  republican  ticket 
to  represent  Riverside  County  in  the  State  Legislature  of  191L 
Recently,  in  1921,  when  the  Legislature  provided  for  an  additional 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Riverside  County,  Mr.  Freeman  was 
selected  by  Governor  Stephens  for  this  judicial  honor.  He  is  now 
residing  in  Riverside  and  serving  efficiently  as  a  judge  of  the  Superior 
Court. 

As  a  boy  in  Wisconsin  Judge  Freeman  attended  a  military  school 
under  the  supervision  of  the  War  Department  and  had  as  his  instructor 
the  famous  Lieutenant  John  L.  Clem,  "the  drummer  boy  of  Chick- 
amauga."  Judge  Freeman  is  identified  with  the  fraternal  organizations 
of  the  Masons,  Odd  Fellows  and  Fraternal  Brotherhood,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Corona  Country  Club.  At  Chicago,  Illinois,  in  1896 
he  married  Miss  Mabel  A.  Miller,  formerly  of  Auburn,  New  York.  Her 
parents  were  Andrew  C.  and  Elizabeth  Miller.  Her  father  was  the 
inventor  employed  by  the  D.  M.  Osborn  &  Company  manufacturing 
establishment  of  Auburn,  New  York.  Mr.  Miller  perfected  the  original 
knotting  device  used  in  the  first  twine  binder  harvesting  machinery. 
Judge  and  Mrs.  Freeman  have  two  sons,  Edwin  R.,  born  November 
18,  1898,  graduated  from  Stanford  University  June  20,  1921.  Lorraine 
M.,  born  August  9,  1900,  attended  as  a  sophomore  in  Stanford  Univer- 
sity but  is  now  attending  the  Riverside  Junior  College  of  Riverside 
County.    Both  are  graduates  of  the  Corona  High  School. 

BoN  O.  Adams,  M.  D. — While  a  graduate  in  medicine,  Dr.  Adams 
throughout  most  of  his  experience  of  twenty  years  has  been  primarily 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         771 

a  surgeon,  and  his  practice  at  Riverside  is  limited  to  that  field.  He 
has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  only  five  or  six  years,  but  his  reputa- 
tion as  a  surgeon  is  well  established  throughout  this  part  of  the  state. 

Dr.  Adams  comes  of  a  family  of  physicians.  Both  his  father  and 
mother  were  graduates  in  medicine  and  both  of  their  fathers  were 
practicing  old  time  physicians.  Bon  O.  Adams  was  born  at  Marion, 
Kansas,  September  17,  1872.  His  father  was  Dr.  G.  D.  Adams,  who 
for  many  years  had  an  extensive  general  medical  practice  in  Indiana. 
His  mother  was  Dr.  Mary  Elizabeth  (Lowe)  Adams.  Both  were 
born  in  Ohio,  and  traced  their  geneological  records  through  the 
American  Revolution  to  England. 

Dr.  Bon  O.  Adams  was  educated  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools 
of  Eaton,  Indiana,  his  parents  having  located  there  when  he  was 
four  years  of  age.  In  1898  he  graduated  Bachelor  of  Science  from 
the  National  Normal  University  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  and  received  his 
M.  D.  degree  in  1901  from  the  Medical  College  of  Indiana.  In  the 
meantime,  partly  as  a  means  to  an  end,  he  had  been  an  active  teacher 
and  educator,  and  was  superintendent  of  the  schools  of  Eaton,  Indiana, 
before  he  received  either  of  his  degrees.  Like  all  thoroughgoing 
surgeons.  Dr.  Adams  has  kept  in  close  touch  with  the  great  surgical 
centers.  For  several  years  he  made  it  a  rule  to  spend  at  least  a 
month  each  year  either  in  the  Mayo  Brothers  Hospital  at  Rochester, 
Minnesota,  or  the  Murphy  clinics  in  Chicago. 

Dr.  Adams  after  graduating  remained  in  Indianapolis  as  an  interne 
in  the  City  Hospital  during  1901-02.  During  1902-03  he  was  on  the 
staff  of  the  Homestake  Gold  Mining  Company's  hospital  in  South 
Dakota.  From  1912  to  1916  he  had  charge  of  the  surgical  service  of 
the  Minnequa  Hospital  for  the  Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron  Company  at 
Pueblo,  Colorado. 

After  fifteen  years  of  heavy  labor  in  his  profession  Dr.  Adams  took 
a  well  deserved  vacation  in  1916,  and  with  headquarters  at  San  Diego 
spent  the  larger  part  of  a  year  looking  over  California  for  an  ideal 
home  locality.  His  investigations  were  thorough,  and  the  fact  that 
they  finally  led  to  the  choice  of  Riverside  is  a  significant  testimonial 
to  the  unique  beauties  and  attractions  of  this  city.  Nothing  in  his 
subsequent  experience  has  caused  Dr.  Adams  ever  to  regret  or 
question  the  wisdom  of  his  choice. 

A  month  after  America  declared  war  on  Germany  Dr.  Adams 
volunteered  for  service  in  the  Medical  Corps  and  received  a  captain's 
commission  and  was  on  duty  at  The  Presidio  at  San  Francisco.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  American  Legion.  Professionally  he  has  the 
honor  of  being  a  regular  elected  Fellow  of  the  American  College  of 
Surgeons,  is  a  member  and  a  past  president  of  the  Riverside  County 
Medical  Association,  former  president  of  the  Pueblo  Medical  Society 
of  Colorado,  and  a  member  of  the  California  State  and  American 
Medical  Associations.  He  was  president  of  the  Present  Day  Club  of 
Riverside  in  1920-21,  is  a  director  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is 
a  Knight  Templar  Mason  at  Riverside,  also  a  thirty-second  degree 
Scottish  Rite  Mason  and  a  member  of  El  Jebel  Shrine  of  Denver, 
Colorado.  Dr.  Adams  is  a  member  of  the  Official  Board  of  the  First 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

In  October,  1902,  at  Topeka,  Kansas,  he  married  Miss  Jean  An- 
drews, a  native  of  Wisconsin.  Their  two  children  are  Donald,  of  the 
class  of  1922  in  the  Riverside  High  School,  and  Betty,  attending 
grammar  school.  Besides  keeping  up  his  high  school  work  Donald 
is  employed  by  the  Southern  Sierra   Power  Company.     His  present 


772         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

plans  are  such  that  he  will  be  the  first  in  four  generations  of  the 
lamily  to  depart  from  the  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery.  He 
IS  preparing  for  a  career  as  an  electro-hydraulic  engineer,  and  from 
high  school  will  enroll  in  Stanford  University. 

Frederick  B.  Blannin- — While  his  activities  have  been  those  of  a 
commercial  artist,  Frederick  B.  Blannin  by  much  of  his  work  has 
earned  the  unstinted  praise  of  critics  who  appreciate  the  best  per- 
formances in  painting  as  a  fine  art.  Mr.  Blannin  has  lived  in  Southern 
California  for  many  years,  and  is  at  the  head  of  an  organization 
complete  in  personnel  and  facilities  for  handling  every  class  of  com- 
mercial painting. 

He  was  born  at  Manchester.  England,  October  13,  1871.  His 
father,  Josephus  Robert  Hugh  Blannin.  was  a  native  of  England  and 
a  mathematician  and  school  master.  His  mother,  Mary  (Hale) 
Blannin,  was  of  French-English  descent. 

Reared  and  educated  in  the  schools  and  colleges  of  Manchester, 
Frederick  B.  Blannin  when  fifteen  left  his  native  country  and  went 
to  Manitoba,  Canada,  in  1886.  He  worked  at  farming  and  also 
learned  architecture  in  Winnipeg,  where  he  remained  a  year  and  a 
half.  He  also  acquired  his  early  training  as  a  painter  at  Winnipeg, 
and  followed  his  trade  in  that  city  for  three  years. 

His  first  location  on  coming  to  the  United  States  was  at  Min- 
neapolis, where  he  was  a  painter  three  years.  In  1892  he  moved  to 
Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  and  in  1897  to  Los  Angeles.  He  also 
spent  several  years  at  Girard,  Kansas,  and  in  1900  located  at  Riverside. 

He  was  at  first  associated  with  Howard  Manchester,  and  for  fifteen 
years  handled  the  fine  painting  and  commercial  art  work  for  Joe  W\ 
Cornwell.  He  also  conducted  a  shop  of  his  own  three  months,  until 
Boyer  and  Godfrey  bought  him  out,  and  he  remained  with  that  firm. 
He  was  also  in  Los  Angeles  again  for  a  year,  working  for  Ed  Her- 
wick.  In  November,  1919,  Mr.  Blannin  and  his  son  bought  out  the 
art  business  of  Mr.  Cornwell. 

While  he  is  the  busy  executive  of  a  firm  handling  all  classes  of  com- 
mercial sign  work,  Mr.  Blannin  in  former  years  executed  many 
notable  pieces  that  have  measured  up  to  all  the  standards  of  real  art. 
His  subjects  have  been  chiefly  landscapes,  marine,  animal  and  still 
life,  and  a  number  of  his  pictures  were  sold  at  good  prices.  He  painted 
the  handsome  mural  friezes  reproducing  the  old  California  Missions 
and  surroundings.  These  friezes  are  the  chief  decorative  effects  in 
the  Underwood's  Mission  Confectionery.  Thousands  of  visitors  have 
expressed  their  appreciation  of  this  work,  and  no  less  an  authority 
that  John  S.  McGroarty,  author  of  the  Mission  Play,  has  commended 
Mr.  Blannin  for  the  fidelity  of  his  execution.  He  also  did  much 
painting  for  the  Riverside  Fair.  The  first  year  he  exhibited  his  paint- 
ings he  took  three  first  and  four  second  prizes. 

Mr.  Blannin  while  living  in  Canada  served  three  years  as  a  member 
of  the  90th  Scotch  Regiment  at  Winnipeg.  He  was  in  service  while 
the  troops  on  both  sides  of  the  international  boundary  were  cam- 
paigning against  Sitting  Bull.  As  an  American  citizen  he  is  an  active 
republican.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows, 
has  filled  all  the  chairs  in  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  for 
four  years  was  chief  ranger,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Fraternal  Brother- 
hood. 

At  Los  Angeles  in  1896  Mr.  Blannin  married  Miss  Carrie  E. 
Morgan.      She    was    born    at    Girard,    Kansas.      Her    father,    James 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         yii 

Morgan,  was  a  Union  soldier,  was  a  farmer  in  Kansas,  and  also  held 
the  office  of  police  judge.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Blannin  have  two  children. 
The  daughter,  Josephine,  is  the  wife  of  Frank  Smitheram,  of  Santa 
Barbara.  The  son.  Laurel  de  Berg  Blannin,  left  the  Riverside  High 
School  three  months  before  graduation  to  enlist  in  the  Hospital  Corps 
on  July  2,  1918,  and  was  a  pharmacist  mate,  second  class,  making 
four  round  trips  in  the  transport  service.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
September  19,  1919.  He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Legion.  After 
returning  home  he  engaged  in  business  with  his  father,  and  the  firm 
is  know  as  F.  B.  Blannin  &  Son. 

Frank  A.  Tetlev,  well  known  as  one  of  the  most  representative  men 
of  Riverside  and  a  capitalist  of  many  interests,  is  responsible  for 
much  of  the  development  of  this  part  of  the  state.  His  reputation 
is  based  not  only  on  his  extensive  realty  operations,  but  on  his  success- 
ful experiments  in  the  growing  of  citrus  fruits  and  the  expansion  of  the 
fruit-growing  industry  in  Los  Angeles  County  and  the  Imperial  Val- 
ley. His  activities  have  not  been  confined  to  these  lines  by  any  manner 
of  means.  His  genius  for  water  development  and  the  securing  and 
exchanging  of  water  rights  has  earned  for  him  the  sobriquet  "water 
wizard."  He  has  invested  generously  of  his  time  and  money  in 
numerous  enterprises  of  Riverside  city  and  county,  and  his  connection 
with  any  concern  has  been  sufficient  to  make  it  acceptable  to  the  pub- 
lic, for  his  good  judgment  and  foresight  are  universally  recognized. 
Frank  A.  Tetlev  was  born  at  Moscow,  Russia,  June  20,  1866,  a  son 
of  Joseph  and  Nancy  Alice  Tetley,  both  natives  of  Bradford,  England, 
members  of  old  English  families  prominent  in  manufacturing  circles. 
Joseph  Tetley  was  extensively  engaged  in  business  as  a  wool  merchant 
at  Bradford,  England,  and  Moscow,  Russia,  and  was  the  foreign  buyer 
of  wools  and  camels  hair  for  the  large  carpet  firm  of  John  Crossley 
&  Son  of  Halifax,  England,  which  was  at  the  time  probably  the 
largest  concern  manufacturing  carpets  in  the  world.  The  Tetley 
warehouses  at  Bradford  were  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  Great 
Northern  Railroad  Depot.  When  his  son  Frank  A.  was  but  two 
years  old  Joseph  Tetley  came  to  the  United  States,  closing  out  his 
wool  business  and  taking  up  the  management  of  the  Hotel  Springside, 
which  was  in  those  days  a  very  fine  and  popular  summer  resort  for 
New  York  and  Brooklyn  people.  He  carried  on  the  hotel  business 
there  for  about  twenty  years,  when  he  retired,  passing  the  remaining 
years  of  his  life  at  Pittsfield,  Massachusetts. 

Frank  A.  Tetley  attended  the  public  schools  of  Pittsfield,  and  when 
he  was  fourteen  years  old  entered  the  office  of  the  Pittsfield  Journal  as 
"printer's  devil."  Before  leaving  the  employ  of  the  Journal  he  became 
known  as  one  of  the  fastest  compositors  in  the  business.  At  the  age  of 
sixteen  years  Mr.  Tetley  entered  the  Chickering  Business  College  at 
Pittsfield,  and  secured  his  diploma  in  six  week.s.  breaking  all  previous 
records  in  mathematics  for  the  rapidity  in  which  he  completed  the 
regular  course.  He  assisted  his  father  in  the  hotel  business  for  a  time, 
and  then,  in  1887,  came  to  California.  His  decision  to  locate  at 
Riverside  was  made  after  meeting  Frank  W.  Richardson,  father  of 
the  late  Frank  W.  Richardson,  Jr..  then  manager  of  the  Glenwood 
Tavern,  whose  story  of  the  beauty  of  the  place  and  perfection  of  the 
climate  so  fascinated  the  young  man  that  he  could  not  be  content  in 
his  old  home.  Upon  his  arrival  he  secured  the  position  of  bookkeeper 
at  the  tavern,  and  held  it  very  acceptably  for  three  years,  also  discharg- 
ing the  duties  of  clerk. 


774         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

So  popular  did  the  young  clerk  become  at  the  tavern  that  Mr.  Frank 

A.  Miller,  the  owner,  was  very  loath  to  part  with  him.  Believing  he 
was  too  good  a  man  for  such  a  position,  Mr.  Miller  promoted  him  to 
the  real  estate  office  of  White  &  Miller  as  clerk,  and  within  eighteen 
months  Mr.  Tetley,  with  Mr.  George  F.  Seger,  bought  out  the  old  firm 
and  formed  the  new  one  of  Seger  &  Tetley.  This  association  continued 
for  three  years,  and  then  Mr.  James  Goodhue  purchased  Mr.  Seger's 
interest  and  the  new  firm  continued  the  business  one  year.  Upon  the 
retirement  of  Mr.  Goodhue  Mr.  Frank  A.  Miller  became  Mr.  Tetley's 
partner  for  a  year,  and  then  for  ten  years  Mr.  Tetley  conducted  the 
business  alone.  Branching  out  to  include  the  raising  of  citrus  nursery 
stock,  Mr.  Tetley  took  E.  F.  Kingman  as  an  insurance  partner,  but 
within  three  years  once  more  bought  the  business  and  handled  it 
alone.  During  the  period  he  was  a  realtor  he  handled  many  large 
properties  and  managed  important  deals  so  successfully  that  he  was 
known  as  "Frank  A.  Tetley,  the  Half-Billion-Dollar  Insurance  Agent." 
As  a  real-estate  agent  he  sold  probably  one-half  of  the  business  proper- 
ties on  Main  Street,  and  at  different  times  owned,  himself,  a  number 
of  pieces. 

In  1902  Mr.  Tetley  engaged  in  the  nursery  business  with  John  W. 

B.  Merriman,  the  firm  being  known  as  Tetley  &  Merriman,  and  later 
sold  his  insurance  business  to  Mr.  Pember  Castleman.  The  nursery 
business  prospered  and  an  immense  trade  was  built  up.  Later  Mr. 
William  A.  Childs  was  taken  into  the  firm,  which  became  Tetley,  Mer- 
riman &  Childs,  growers  of  orange  and  lemon  nursery  stock  and  own- 
ers of  the  Monte  Vista  nurseries,  located  at  Riverside  and  Puente.  The 
oranges  grown  on  the  Monte  Vista  Ranch  won  first  prize  at  the  Na- 
tional Orange  Show  in  San  Bernardino  in  1913,  and  have  always  been 
noted  for  their  superior  excellence  in  every  particular.  The  firm 
contmued  in  existence  for  seven  or  eight  years,  when  Mr.  Merriman 
died,  and  Mr.  Tetley  in  the  re-organization  became  sole  owner.  In 
December.  1918.  he  added  walnut  trees  to  the  nursery  stock,  and  they, 
too,  have  become  famous.  The  firm  is  now  known  as  Frank  A.  Tetley 
&  Son,  the  junior  member  being  F"rank  A.  Tetley,  Jr.  Glenn  Blackman 
has  a  small  interest  in  the  firm,  although  his  name  does  not  appear. 

In  all  Mr.  Tetley  has  planted  between  900  and  1000  acres  to  citrus 
and  deciduous  fruits  and  alfalfa,  all  of  which  he  has  developed  and  sold. 
Approximately  he  has  planted  in  Riverside  County  325  acres,  in  Los 
Angeles  County  325  acres,  in  San  Bernardino  County  125  acres  and  in 
Imperial  County  200  acres.  He  has  put  in  his  own  wells  and  has 
developed  six  or  seven  pumping  plants  to  supply  water.  About  100 
acres  still  remain  unsold.  The  Monte  Vista  Ranch,  south  of  the  State 
Citrus  Experiment  Station,  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  its  kind  in 
the  country.  It  comprises  200  acres  of  land,  through  which  is  a  wind- 
ing driveway,  making  it  resemble  an  English  park.  All  kinds  of  roses 
and  other  flowers  and  Montere}'  pines  add  to  the  attractiveness  of  the 
place.  It  has  seven  building  sites,  five  of  which  have  been  improved 
with  residences.  The  profusion  of  oranges,  lemons  and  grape  fruit 
make  of  the  tract  a  veritable  paradise. 

Mr.  Tetley  was  a  pioneer  in  the  Imperial  Valley,  where  he  owned 
a  dairy  ranch  and  had  200  acres  of  alfalfa  and  four  acres  of  oranges. 
He  also  owns  the  Marine  Heights  Ranch  at  Puente,  consisting  of 
seventy  acres  of  oranges,  lemons  and  grape  fruit.  An  authority  on 
orange  culture,  Mr.  Tetley  states  that  in  the  thirty-  four  years  he  has 
resided  in  Riverside  he  has  seen  ice  every  year  except  three,  and  that 
the  idea  that  oranges  can  only  be  grown  in  a  frostless  section  is  an 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         775 

erroneous  one.  In  a  certain  district  he  developed  citrus  groves  that 
during  the  big  freeze  of  1913  left  onU-  three  trees  out  of  the  4000 
planted,  and  that,  after  having  been  replanted,  this  district  is  today 
one  of  the  best  in  the  state,  some  of  the  acreage  having  sold  as  high 
as  $4000  per  acre. 

When  Mr.  Tetley  first  came  to  Riverside  the  people  were  convinced 
that  there  was  not  enough  water  to  cover  the  land,  and  that  the  proj- 
ect of  pumping  water  from  a  well  or  the  canal  was  not  practicable. 
A  few  men  were  convinced  that  this  could  be  done  successfully,  and 
one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  business  was  Mr.  Harry  W.  Hammond, 
now  business  manager  of  the  Riverside  Daily  Press,  who  developed 
one  of  the  first  producing  wells  to  be  pumped  for  practical  irrigation. 
It  was  located  seven  miles  west  of  Corona.  Such  remarkable  results 
followed  this  first  supply  of  water  artificially  obtained  that  other 
developments  of  an  adequate  water  supply  through  wells  and  turbine 
pumps  followed  until,  as  Mr.  Tetley  aptly  says,  it  now  looks  as  though 
there  were  not  enough  land  for  the  water.  Mr.  Tetley  is  partly  if 
not  wholly  responsible  for  the  project  of  switching  the  water  from 
the  Meeks  &  Daly  Canal  into  the  Gage  Canal,  which  brought  about 
1200  acres  of  the  choicest  orange  land  under  water  and  into  production 
on  Arlington  Heights.  The  water  was  being  used  in  the  vicinity  of 
Colton,  California,  and  as  he  had  a  nursery  on  Arlington  Heights  Mr. 
Tetley  conceived  the  idea  of  transferring  the  water  as  described. 
He  bought  up  a  lot  of  the  Meeks  &  Daly  water,  but  could  not  handle 
it  alone.  He  enlisted  the  help  of  Mr.  W.  Grant  Eraser,  who,  acting  in 
behalf  of  an  English  company,  bought  250  inches,  which,  together 
with  that  owned  by  Mr.  Tetley,  constituted  the  control.  With  the 
installation  of  pumps  the  project  was  brought  to  complete  fruition. 

It  was  Mr.  Tetley's  knowledge  of  water  development  and  of  water 
rights,  and  more  particularly  the  transferring  of  such  rights  from 
lower  to  higher  levels  in  Riverside  and  vincinity,  that  proved  one  of 
the  potent  factors  in  securing  the  location  of  the  State  Farm  School 
at  Riverside.  It  is  recalled  that  Mr.  George  Roeding,  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Regents  of  the  University  of  California  and  chairman  of  the 
agricultural  activities  of  that  body,  stated  on  one  of  his  visits  to 
Riverside  that  unless  water  could  be  secured  from  the  artesian  basin 
in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  he  would  not  favor  locating  the  Farm 
School  in  Riverside.  This  seemed  like  an  insurmountable  difficulty. 
Senator  S.  C.  Evans  put  the  matter  up  to  Mr.  Tetley,  who  immediately 
attacked  the  problem.  He  found  a  solution  by  purchasing  land  and 
wells  on  Palm  Avenue  in  San  Bernardino  County  and  installing  large 
pumping  plants  there  and  exchanging  with  the  Gage  Canal  Company 
some  of  the  water  thus  produced  for  carrying  capacity  in  the  Gage 
Canal.  He  next  arranged  to  purchase  from  the  estate  of  the  late 
Ambrose  Hunt  in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  all  of  the  Hunt  land  and 
water  rights.  Through  a  combination  effected  with  the  widow,  Mable 
E.  Hunt,  involving  a  part  of  these  water  rights,  Mr.  Tetley  was  able 
to  furnish  the  State  of  California  with  the  remaining  one-third  of  the 
artesian  flow  from  the  Hunt  tract,  the  other  two-thirds  being  owned 
by  the  City  of  Riverside,  and  to  convey  to  the  state  carrying  capacity 
for  this  water  in  the  Gage  Canal.  Mr.  Tetley  states  tjiat  no  less  than 
fourteen  distinct  transactions  and  more  than  $100,000.00  in  total  con- 
siderations were  involved  in  this  transfer. 

While  he  has  been  eminently  successful  in  the  above  mentioned 
lines,  Mr.  Tetley  has  also  made  his  influence  felt  in  banking  circles, 
and  for  the  past  twenty  years  has  exerted  himself  in  the  development 


776        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  finances  of  the  city  and  county.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers 
of  the  Union  Savings  Bank,  which  later  was  consolidated  into  the 
Riverside  Savings  Bank.  To  Mr.  Tetley  and  the  late  C.  E.  Rumsey 
is  due  the  credit  for  keeping  the  Union  Savings  Bank  alive  following 
the  disastrous  failure  of  the  Orange  Growers  Bank.  At  present  Mr. 
Tetley  is  a  director  of  the  Citizens  National  Bank,  the  Citizens  Bank 
of  Arlington,  and  is  director  and  vice-president  of  the  Security  Savings 
Bank  of  Riverside.  While  he  helped  to  organize  the  First  National 
Bank  of  Calexico,  he  later  sold  his  interest  in  that  institution. 

Recognizing  the  desirability  of  securing  for  Riverside  business 
buildings  of  a  character  to  fitly  represent  the  importance  and  dignity 
of  its  interests,  he  erected  the  Tetley  Block,  on  Main  Street  between 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Streets,  the  east  half  of  the  Victoria  Block  on 
Seventh  Street  between  Main  and  Orange  Street  and  occupied  the 
.'^ame  as  an  office  for  about  five  year.s.  At  one  time  he  owned  the 
stores  now  occupied  by  the  Franzen  Hardware  Compao)'  and  the  north 
half  of  the  \\'ooIworth  five  and  ten  cent  store  and  the  Branch  building 
adjoining  the  Odd  Fellows  Building  on  the  South,  between  Ninth  and 
Tenth  streets.  He  also  owned  a  tenth  interest  in  the  Rubidoux 
Building  at  Seventh  and  Main  streets.  He  is  the  owner  of  the  Tetley 
Hotel  at  Eight  and  Lime  streets,  which  he  rebuilt  in  1912.  It  is  now 
under  lease  to  Mr.  J.  D.  Goehringer.  This  building  is  a  four-story 
brick  structure  with  a  ground  area  of  146x180  feet.  It  is  well  equipped 
and  modern,  and  comfortable  in  every  respect. 

Mr.  Tetley  is  a  member  of  the  Monte  Vista  Fruit  Association,  the 
Kiwanis  Club,  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  Pioneer  Club,  and  the 
Los  Angeles  Athletic  Club.  In  politics  a  republican,  he  has  repre- 
sented his  party  as  a  delegate  to  county  conventions  and  served  on 
the  Republican  County  Central  Committee.  At  the  present  time  he 
is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Utilities  of  Riverside.  While 
not  a  member  of  any  religious  body,  he  attends  the  Episcopal  Church. 
He  has  contributed  freely  to  the  building  up  of  the  city.  He  had  an 
important  part  in  raising  the  bonus  which  made  possible  the  building 
of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Inn,  and  subscribed  liberally  to  the  funds 
raised  for  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Building  and  the  First  Congregational 
Church,  to  say  nothing  of  generous  gifts  to  other  religious  and  civic 
enterprises. 

In  June  of  1885  Mr.  Tetley  married  Marion  Davison  Oddy,  a  native 
of  England  and  a  daughter  of  John  Davison  Oddy,  who  belonged  to 
an  old  English  family.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tetley  have  three  children, 
namely  :  Gordon  O.,  who  is  engaged  in  the  real-estate  and  insurance 
business  at  Riverside ;  Frances,  who  is  his  secretary  and  office  girl : 
and  Frank  A.,  who  while  attending  the  Boys'  Polytechnic  High  School 
at  Riverside,  is  assisting  his  father  in  the  nursery  business. 

Mr.  Tetley  is  a  man  who  has  a  strong  hold  upon  the  hearts  and 
confidence  of  the  people  of  Riverside.  He  is  admired  for  his  manly 
qualities,  his  political  sagacity,  his  knowledge  of  business,  and  for  his 
fidelity  to  every  trust  imposed  upon  him.  He  is  full  of  pride  for  his 
city,  his  state  and  his  nation,  and  believes  that  the  indomitable  spirit  of 
the  Southwest  will  prevail  and  that  this  is  the  garden  spot  of  the 
entire  country.  To  his  multiplicity  of  interests  he  brings  a  ripened 
judgment,  mental  vigor,  a  large  heart  and  unfailing  kindness.  He 
represents  the  Southwest  with  hospitality,  grace  and  tact  in  all  his 
public  acts,  and  his  work  will  never  be  forgotten  by  the  people  whom 
he  has   led  to  such   unexampled   prosperity. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         717 

Mrs.  Bertie  Mae  Buster — The  ability  to  stand  firmly  on  one's  own 
resources  and  to  depend  entirely  on  one's  own  capacities  is  a  con- 
tributing factor  to  the  happiness  and  self  respect  of  any  individual. 
The  necessity  of  calling  upon  others  for  support  is  something  that 
is  distasteful  to  any  man  or  woman  who  has  even  a  spark  of  independ- 
ent spirit,  and  when  such  a  person  has  worked  out  his  own  in- 
dependence, surmounting  difficulties  in  so  doings  the  success  is  all 
the  sweeter.  In  the  building  up  and  development  of  the  Anderson 
House,  the  only  hotel  in  the  City  of  Colton,  Mrs.  Bertie  Mae  Buster 
has  accomplished  the  achievement  referred  to.  Through  her  own 
spirit,  resource  and  enterprise  she  has  won  her  way  to  a  position  of 
substantiality,  where  she  can  not  only  consider  herself  with  a  pardon- 
able degree  of  pride,  but  can  command  the  esteem  and  respect  of  her 
fellow-citizens. 

Mrs.  Buster  was  born  October  30,  1886,  at  Macon  City,  Missouri, 
a  daughter  of  Alonzo  A.  and  Isabella  Robbins.  On  both  sides  of  the 
family  she  is  descended  from  old  and  honored  families  of  this  country, 
and  can  trace  both  the  paternal  and  maternal  lines  back  to  participants 
in  the  War  of  the  Revolution.  It  may  be  that  she  inherits  her  spirit 
of  independence  from  these  distant  ancestors,  who  felt  firmly  that 
they  were  able  to  govern  themselves  and  to  arrange  their  own  lives. 
After  attending  the  public  schools  she  entered  the  University  of 
Missouri  at  Columbus,  from  which  she  was  duly  graduated.  She  had 
been  married  at  the  early  age  of  seventeen  years,  and  less  than  three 
years  later,  April  6,  1906,  the  day  of  the  great  San  Francisco  earthquake 
and  fire,  came  to  California.  Finding  herself  thrown  on  her  own 
resources,  she  rose  brilliantly  to  the  occasion,  and  as  manager  of  the 
Anderson  House,  the  only  hotel  at  Colton,  has  built  this  house  up 
from  a  very  inferior  establishment  to  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
finely  appointed  inland  hotels  in  Southern  California.  This  house  is 
now  a  general  favorite  with  the  traveling  public,  who  find  the  cuisine 
excellent,  all  comforts  extended  and  a  homelike  air  that  is  so  often 
lacking  in  the  larger  hostelries.  Mrs.  Buster  is  a  courteous  and  oblig- 
ing hostess,  always  at  the  service  of  her  guests. 

Mrs.  Buster,  while  an  excellent  manager  and  possessed  of  splendid 
business  qualities,  is  by  no  means  a  "new  woman"  in  the  general 
acceptance  of  that  term.  She  does  not  allow  herself  to  be  bothered 
about  politics,  and  her  chief  interests  are  her  hotel,  her  religion,  which 
is  that  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  her  only  child,  a  charming  and 
attractive  daughter,  Dorothy,  who  is  twelve  years  of  age. 

William  M.  Roberts — Among  the  citizens  of  Redlands  in  whose 
careers  are  joined  the  California  of  the  early  pioneer  days  and  the 
times  of  modern  civilization,  one  who  has  passed  through  the  entire 
range  of  experiences  and  has  won  his  way  to  success  and  position 
through  his  sheer,  indomitable  spirit  and  perserverance  is  William 
M.  Roberts,  now  the  possessor  of  extensive  interests.  Mr.  Roberts 
was  born  at  San  Bernardino,  California,  April  25,  1858,  a  son  of  Berry 
and  Frances  (Thomas)  Roberts. 

Berry  Roberts  was  born  September  18,  1836,  in  Conway  County, 
Arkansas,  a  son  of  Jesse  and  Mary  (Aplin)  Roberts.  The  youngest 
in  the  famil3^  he  was  still  an  infant  when  his  father,  an  Arkansas 
farmer,  died,  and  he  resided  in  Arkansas  until  he  was  something 
more  than  fifteen  years  of  age,  when,  with  his  mother  and  others,  he 
started  across  the  plains,  driving  four  yoke  of  oxen.  This  party  started 
for  the  West  April  10,  1852,  and  arrived  in  Mariposa  County,  Call- 


778         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

fornia,  October  1.  His  mother  later  removed  to  Texas,  where  her 
death  occurred.  She  was  a  native  of  Tennessee.  After  mining  for 
five  years  Berry  Roberts  moved  to  San  Bernardino  County,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1857,  and  located  on  a  ranch,  embarking  in  the  cattle  business 
in  San  Timoteo  Canon,  Riverside  County.  On  his  ranch  of  two 
hundred  acres  he  was  one  of  the  breeders  of  fine  livestock  in  this 
section,  and  was  one  of  the  men  to  introduce  good  blooded  stock  into 
the  state.  While  he  started  life  in  a  new  community  without  means, 
at  a  time  when  money  was  scarce,  this  hardy  old  frontiersman  made  a 
success  of  his  undertakings  and  through  hard  and  earnest  effort  be- 
came not  only  the  owner  of  a  good  ranch,  but  also  the  possessor  of 
the  esteem  and  respect  of  those  who  appreciated  the  strength  of  his 
character  and  the  many  qualities  of  heart  and  mind  which  were 
included  in  his  makeup.  His  death  occurred  at  the  home  of  his  son 
William  M.  at  Redlands.  In  Mariposa  County  Berry  Roberts  married 
Miss  Frances  Thomas,  a  native  of  Missouri,  and  they  became  the 
parents  of  twelve  children :  William  M.,  Ozrow,  Mary,  Ella,  Emma 
Beach,  Nettie,  Berry  Lee,  Sterling,  Ida,  Early,  Archie  Milton  and 
Edward. 

William  M.  Roberts  attended  the  public  school  in  San  Timoteo 
Canon,  and  when  about  seventeen  years  of  age  left  home  to  make  his 
own  way  in  the  world.  -He  was  first  employed  by  the  civil  engineers 
who  were  surveying  the  right-of-way  for  the  Southern  Pacific  Railway 
from  Beaumont  to  the  junction  of  the  Salt  and  Gila  rivers,  Arizona. 
This  was  desert  work  and  hardships  were  countless,  but  young 
Roberts  was  made  of  strong  fibre  and  stuck  to  the  job,  later  being 
made  track-walker  for  the  railroad  in  the  same  locality,  a  position 
which  he  held  for  two  years.  Subsequently  he  secured  employment 
with  Judson  &  Brown  at  Redlands,  then  engaged  in  the  construction 
of  the  first  canal  for  Redlands,  and  superintended  the  building  of  the 
reservoir  now  located  on  Roosevelt  Avenue.  By  this  time  Mr.  Roberts 
had  saved  $1,200,  and  this  he  invested  in  eight  horses  and  two  wagons, 
with  which  he  began  freighting  across  the  desert  to  points  in  Arizona, 
a  business  in  which  he  was  engaged  for  two  years.  His  next  work 
was  the  construction  of  the  old  rock  ditch  from  Crafton  through  the 
ranch  of  M.  H.  Craft,  and  in  1885  he  homesteaded  one  hundred  sixty 
acres  at  the  mouth  of  Mill  Creek  Canon.  He  filed  on  the  water,  and, 
developing  his  ranch,  had  a  thirty-five-acre  orchard  as  well  as  prop- 
erty which  grew  alfalfa  and  general  crops,  but  which  he  was  compelled 
to  sell  in  1907.  Mr.  Roberts  became  involved  in  law  suits  over  the 
water  rights  with  the  Edison  Electric  Company,  and,  although  he 
carried  the  case  to  the  highest  tribunal  and  finally  won  his  fight  in 
eight  years,  the  litigation  cost  him  such  a  sum  in  the  courts  that  he 
was  forced  to  dispose  of  this  valuable  tract.  Mr.  Roberts  lived  at 
Green  Spot  for  several  years  and  later  on  Eleventh  Street,  Redlands, 
for  five  years,  but  later  bought  forty  acres  on  Victoria  Avenue,  near 
Loma  Linda,  which  has  been  his  home  for  years.  He  also  owns  other 
city  properties  and  is  a  man  of  substantial  means.  During  his  career 
he  has  worked  hard  and  faithfully  and  the  prosperity  that  has  come 
to  him  has  been  entirely  of  his  own  making.  During  the  early  days 
he  operated  pack  trains  extensively  to  the  various  mountain  resorts, 
including  Seven  Oaks  and  Bear  Valley,  continuing  in  that  line  for 
seven  consecutive  years.  It  was  his  custom  to  carry  building  material, 
doors,  windows,  sash,  etc..  on  pack  burros,  and  also  heavy  kitchen 
ranges,  which  were  packed  in  pieces  and  assembled  at  Clark's.  While 
this  was  hard  work,  it  was  a  profitable  task,  bringing  in  a  profit  of 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         779 

$1,500,  which  was  a  paying  venture  during  a  year's  work  in  those 
days.  Mr.  Roberts  has  a  number  of  good  business,  civic  and  fraternal 
connections,  and  is  looked  upon  as  a  man  of  sound  integrity  and  of 
public-spirited  citizenship. 

At  the  age  of  eighteen  years  Mr.  Roberts  married  Miss  Kate  F. 
Manner,  a  native  of  Mexico,  who  died  at  Redlands,  leaving  three 
children:  Ethel,  now  the  wife  of  W.  W.  Newman,  of  Holbrook, 
Arizona,  with  one  son,  Theodore;  Grace,  who  is  the  wife  of  Raynor 
Ilubbell,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky  ;  and  Roy  C,  who  married,  November 
20,  1916,  Izella  Bennett,  and  has  one  child,  Leonard  Lewis,  born  in 
1917.  William  M.  Roberts'  second  marriage  was  with  Miss  Gertrude 
Dennis,  of  Kansas,  and  they  had  three  sons:  Walter  Arthur.  William 
Harold  and  Oscar  Ralph.  Walter  Arthur  Roberts  was  born  September 
14,  1891,  in  Mill  Creek  Canon,  and  he  was  educated  at  the  Green  Spot 
school.  In  1908,  at  the  age  of  seventeen  years,  he  enlisted  in  the 
United  States  Navy  as  an  apprentice  seaman  aboard  the  U.  S.  S. 
Pennsylvania,  under  Admiral  Robley  D.  Evans,  in  command  of  the 
fleet  in  its  voage  around  the  world.  He  advanced  to  able-bodied 
seaman,  then  to  third-class  fireman,  to  first-class  fireman,  and  at  the 
end  of  four  years'  service  was  acting  oiler  (now  steam  engineer).  His 
captain  was  Charles  F.  Pond,  now  a  retired  admiral.  Mr.  Roberts 
was  honorably  discharged  at  San  Pedro  March  8,  1912,  and  returned 
to  his  California  home.  At  Blackfoot,  Idaho,  September  17,  1917, 
he  enlisted  in  the  347th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  and  after  training 
at  Camp  Lewis  left  for  overseas  June  26,  1918,  and  arrived  in  France 
just  one  month  later.  His  battalion  was  sent  at  once  to  the  front 
and  got  into  action  September  13,  1918,  in  the  St.  Mihiel  offensive. 
Later  he  was  in  the  Meuse  and  Argonne  defensive,  where  his  brigade, 
the  181st,  was  in  a  continuous  fight  for  nineteen  days  and  nights  with 
no  relief.  After  six  days  relief  the  brigade  was  sent  to  the  Belgium 
front  lines,  twenty-three  kilometers  from  Ypres  (at  Rolers),  and  this 
ofifensive  was  pressed  until  the  armistice  was  eflfected,  at  which  time 
his  corps  was  at  Aaudenard  on  the  River  Schildt.  He  was  then  com- 
missioned ofificer  of  .Signal  Corps  347,  Machine  Gun  Battalion.  His 
was  a  hazardous  undertaking,  and  he  was  wounded  four  times,  on  one 
occasion  being  sent  to  the  hospital,  where  he  remained  from  November 
3  to  9,  then  hurrying  back  to  his  corps.  He  received  his  honorable 
discharge  at  Fort  D.  A.  Russell,  Cheyenne,  Wyoming,  May  8,  1919.  Mr. 
Roberts  is  by  profession  a  steam  engineer,  the  vocation  which  he  learned 
in  the  LTnited  States  Navy. 

William  Harold  Roberts  was  born  at  Redlands,  California,  April  28, 
1894,  and  was  educated  at  the  Green  Spot  School.  For  service  during 
the  World  war  he  enlisted  in  the  Regular  Army,  joining  Company  G, 
Third  Ammunition  Train,  and  was  trained  at  Camp  Pike,  Arkansas.  He 
went  overseas  in  May,  1918,  and  took  part  in  five  heavy  engagements, 
including  the  Marne,  Chateau  Thierry,  St.  Mihiel  and  Argonne  Forest. 
While  his  services  were  of  an  extraordinarily  dangerous  and  important 
character,  consisting  of  bringing  up  ammunition  at  night  under  shell- 
fire,  with  no  lights  and  no  guiding  roads,  he  escaped  wounds,  and  after 
serving  with  the  .^rmy  of  Occupation  in  Germany  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  October,  1919.  In  1920  he  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  and 
is  again  with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  near  Coblenz,  Germany. 

Oscar  Ralph  Roberts  was  born  at  Redlands,  California,  September 
12,  1898,  and  was  educated  at  the  Green  Spot  School.  He  enlisted  in 
the  U^nited  States  Navy  in  1913,  serving  his  term  of  service  aboard  the 
U.  S.  S.  Raleigh,  a  torpedo-boat  destroyer.     He  received  his  honorable 


780        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

discharge  about  the  time  the  United  States  entered  the  World  war,  and 
was  not  called  to  the  colors,  being  placed  in  Class  C  because  of  his 
former  service.  He  is  now  a  passenger  conductor  on  a  railroad  running 
out  of  Redlands.  On  June  28,  1919,  he  married  Miss  Anna  Swanson, 
of  Yucaipa,  this  state,  and  they  have  one  son,  Ralph  Oscar,  born  Jan- 
uary 12,  1921. 

William  M.  Roberts  married  for  his  third  wife  Miss  Amelia  Van- 
deventer.  His  fourth  wife  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Miss  Pearl  Davis, 
and  after  her  death  he  married  Mrs.  Fannie  Jamison.  The  present  Mrs. 
Roberts  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Miss  Flora  Ida  Stevens,  and  was 
both  at  Porter,  Wisconsin.  February  6,  1882,  a  daughter  of  Albert  S. 
and  Ida  Stevens.  In  1891  she  married  Charles  E.  Garnett,  and  they 
had  one  child;  Ethel  Alice,  born  March  6,  1910,  at  Wausau,  Wisconsin. 
In  1914  they  moved  to  California,  where  Mr.  Garnett  died  later  in  the 
year.    The  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Roberts  occurred  December  8,  1916. 

John  Suvekkrup,  a  well  known  and  highly  esteemed  business  man 
of  San  Bernardino,  has  long  been  indentified  with  the  city,  for  he  is  one 
of  the  pioneers  to  whom  .so  much  is  owing  for  their  early  work  in  the 
development  of  the  city  and  state.  He  is  also  a  pioneer  business  man 
and  now  owns  and  conducts  a  lumber  business  which  is  second  to  none 
in  the  county.  He  has  always  maintained  a  keen  interest  in  civic  move- 
ments of  worth,  and  has  contributed  much  to  the  progress  of  his  home 
city. 

Mr.  Suverkrup  is  well  known  throughout  the  district,  and  his  honor- 
able business  methods  and  personality  have  made  him  many  friends. 
Square  dealing  has  been  the  keynote  of  his  life,  and  he  fully  merits  his 
prosperity  and  high  standing.  He  was  born  in  Schleswig-Holstein,  near 
Kiel,  Germany,  April  26.  1851.  the  son  of  Frederick  and  Dorothy  (Bowk) 
Suverkrup,  both  of  whom  were  born  in  the  same  place  as  their  son,  and 
both  of  whom  died  at  their  birthplace. 

Mr.  Suverkrup  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  place 
and  was  then  apprenticed  to  a  flour  miller  and  learned  the  milling  trade. 
He  worked  at  this  until  he  was  twenty  years  old  and  then,  in  1871,  came 
to  the  United  States,  landing  in  New  York.  Here  he  worked  in  a  sugar 
refinery  for  two  years,  at  which  time  he  determined  to  come  West.  This 
he  did.  locating  in  San  Francisco  in  1873.  He  worked  there  in  a  grist 
mill  for  six  months  and  then  went  to  Sacramento,  where  he  purchased 
a  partnership  in  a  grocery  store,  and  was  there  for  a  year  and  six  months 
when  he  sold  out.     He  came  then  to  San  Bernardino. 

Upon  his  arrival  he  at  once  rented  a  ranch,  on  which  he  started  a 
dairy,  which  he  conducted  with  success  for  nine  years.  In  1884  he 
bought  a  ranch,  but  later  sold  it. 

He  commenced  his  real  life  work  by  buying  an  interest  with  John 
Hook  in  two  sections  of  timber  land  in  1887,  and  the  following  year, 
with  Mr.  Hook,  he  started  in  the  retail  lumber  business  in  San  Bernardino. 
In  about  1910  he  bought  his  partner's  interest  and  since  then  has  con- 
ducted the  business  by  himself,  building  up  a  big  trade  and  firmly  estab- 
lishing himself  as  an  able,  conscientious  business  man. 

Mr.  Suverkrup  was  united  in  marriage  in  1884  with  Emma  William- 
son, a  daughter  of  William  Williamson,  of  San  Francisco.  They  have 
three  children  :  Herbert,  who  is  married  and  has  one  child  and  is  employed 
by  his  father;  Edwin  and  Fred.  Mr.  Suverkrup  is  a  member  of  the 
Fraternal  Aid  Society  and  of  the  San  Bernardino  Chamber  of  Commerce. 
In  politics  he  is  affiliated  with  the  republican  party. 


DAN   RATHBUN 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        781 

Dan  Rathbun — To  write  a  history  of  San  Bernardino  County  would 
be  impossible  without  using  the  name  of  Dan  Rathbun,  for  his  name 
is  associated  with  it  from  early  pioneer  days  and  memories  of  the 
county's  growth  brings  to  all  old  inhabitants  thoughts  of  his  virile 
personality.  The  details  of  his  life  from  early  boyhood  belong  to  the 
history  of  San  Bernardino  and  the  record  of  his  fearless,  adventurous 
pioneering,  his  plucky,  unyielding  struggle  with  adversity,  his  final 
triumph,  should  prove  a  shining  beacon  to  all  posterity.  The  time 
to  which  his  boyhood  belonged  is  to  this  generation  already  history 
and  will  soon  be  too  remote  for  reminiscence,  but  however  swift  the 
march  of  events  the  name  of  Dan  Rathbun  will  remain  long  in  the 
memory  of  his  friends,  for  his  sterling  qualities  of  character  left  an 
indelible  impress  upon  all  with  whom  he  came  in  contact. 

By  a  very  narrow  margin  San  Bernardino  secured  him  for  its  own, 
and  it  reads  like  a  romance,  for  the  disarrangement  of  cherished  plans 
led  him  to  his  future  wife  and  a  permanent  home.  The  treachery  of 
one  he  trusted  changed  his  destiny  and  left  him  penniless  in  a  strange 
wild  land,  but  he  had  the  fighting  heart  and  red  blood  in  his  youthful 
veins  and  he  made  failure  change  to  success.  It  was  a  hard  school 
for  a  boy,  but  he  had  the  priceless  gifts  of  energy  and  endurance  and 
he  graduated  from  the  University  of  Difficulties  a  victor  with  the 
diploma  of  success.  He  has  passed  beyond  the  vale,  but  his  memory 
lives  and  will  be  as  a  benediction  to  bless  the  many  who  loved  him. 

Dan  Rathbun  was  born  in  Otianda,  New  York,  May  13,  1830,  and 
the  genealogy  shows  that  he  descended  from  very  fine  old  families 
on  both  the  paternal  and  maternal  sides  dating  back  in  America  to 
Revolutionary  days.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  his  birth  place, 
but  when  he  reached  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  went  to  Ohio,  remaining 
there  about  two  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  with  two  other 
boys  in  Ohio  decided  to  go  out  to  California.  Accordingly  they  hired 
a  man  to  take  them  to  Sacramento,  but  on  the  way  he  decided  he 
preferred  taking  the  Southern  route.  He  told  the  boys  he  would 
pay  their  fares  from  Southern  California  to  Sacramento  if  they  would 
agree  to  change  their  route  to  oblige  him.  They  agreed  to  do  this, 
and  all  went  well  until  they  reached  San  Bernardino,  when  the  man 
had  another  change  of  heart  and  refused  to  give  them  their  fares  to 
Sacramento.    He  would  go  on  but  they  must  remain  there,  stranded. 

While  the  boys  were  sitting  on  a  wagon  tongue,  whittling  and 
dejectedly  discussing  the  situation,  George  Garner,  father  of  Mr. 
Rathbun's  future  wife,  overheard  their  conversation  and  asked  them 
what  was  the  difficulty.  When  he  heard  their  story  he  took  the  mat- 
ter up  with  other  citizens  and  a  meeting  was  held  in  the  church  to 
see  if  any  way  could  be  found  to  make  the  man  carry  out  his  contract 
with  the  boys.  They  could  do  nothing,  however,  as  the  man  was 
utterly  worthless.  Mr.  Garner  took  the  boys  home  with  him  and 
fed  and  lodged  them  for  a  few  days. 

Mr.  Rathbun  was  not  idle  long,  for  he  secured  employment  in  a 
small  dairy  owned  by  George  Day  and  located  next  to  the  home  of 
Mr.  Garner.  He  remained  on  this  place  for  some  time  and  then 
went  with  Mr.  Day  to  a  homestead  the  latter  possessed  on  Lytle 
Creek.  Here  he  stayed  for  two  years  and  then  commenced  driving 
stage,  taking  down  the  first  stage  ever  driven  to  Los  Angeles.  He 
continued  in  this  employment  until  1856,  not  only  driving  stage,  but 
also  carrying  mail  to  Utah.     He  was  married  in  this  year. 

From  1857  he  worked  for  seven  years  on  seven  acres  of  land  on 
Lytle  Creek  which  had  been  given  to  his  wife  by  her  father.     This 


782         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

piece  was  then  sold  and  thirty  acres  purchased,  which  was  later  in- 
creased to  one  hundred  and  ten  acres.  The  freighting  business  next 
claimed  his  attention  and  he  remained  in  it  for  twelve  years  and 
bought  and  sold  cattle  in  Utah.  He  made  the  long,  arduous  trips  to 
Utah,  Montana,  and  other  distant  places  year  in  and  year  out,  but  he 
had  a  phenomenal  capacity  for  pegging  away,  and  he  drove  over  the 
weary  trails  for  twelve  long  years,  when  he  secured  promotion  to  the 
position  of  superintendent  of  construction  for  the  Union  Pacific  in 
Utah,  which  was  the  first  line  built  into  that  state.  While  he  was 
still  freighting  he  had  moved  his  family  from  Lytle  Creek  to  a  ranch 
he  had  purchased  on  City  Creek,  near  San  Bernardino.  He  engaged 
actively  on  this  after  leaving  the  railroad  position,  raising  fine  stock 
and  farm  products.  Alany  of  his  cows  and  horses  took  prizes  in  the 
Los  Angeles  shows. 

Mr.  Rathbun's  next  move  was  into  the  City  of  San  Bernardino, 
where  he  commenced  a  successful  business  life  by  opening  a  grocery 
store  with  Oscar  Newberg  as  a  partner.  He  conducted  this  for  some 
time,  and  then  he  opened  another  store,  this  time  with  Smith  Hale. 
While  he  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business  Mrs.  Rathbun  was  suc- 
cessfully running  the  ranch. 

Mr.  Rathbun  was  first,  last  and  all  the  time  a  booster  for  San 
Bernardino,  for  he  dearly  loved  and  appreciated  his  chosen  home. 
He  erected  business  buildings,  among  them  the  St.  Charles  Hotel, 
and  he  was  always  active  in  the  most  ambitious  efforts  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  city  or  county.  He  was  also  one  of  the  builders 
of  the  Arrowhead  Road  and  the  motor  road  to  Redlands.  He  was 
never  enamoured  with  political  honors  although  he  served  one  term 
as  a  supervisor.  He  was  a  republican  and  a  member  of  the  Inde- 
pendent C)rder  of  Odd  Fellows. 

Mr.  Rathbun  married  September  4,  1856  to  Miss  Sarah  Ann  Garner, 
born  in  Adams  County,  Illinois,  April  2,  1837,  a  daughter  of  George 
and  Elizabeth  (Hedrick)  Garner.  Her  father  was  a  native  of  North 
Carolina,  a  pioneer  of  California,  coming  here  in  1851.  He  was  a 
rancher  and  stock  raiser  nearly  all  his  life. 

George  Garner  came  across  the  plains  from  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa, 
in  1850.  and  encountered  many  hardships  during  the  trip.  There  were 
many  deaths  from  smallpox  and  cholera  in  the  wagon  train  which 
he  had  joined,  and  the  going  was  very  slow.  When  part  of  the  trip 
was  accomplished,  he  said  he  would  rather  take  the  chance  of  having 
his  family  killed  by  Indians,  than  sickness,  and  with  ten  other  teams 
started  on  ahead  of  the  main  train.  Terrific  storms  were  encountered 
along  the  Platte  River,  and  there  was  constant  danger  from  the  Indi- 
ans, but  they  did  not  molest  the  little  caravan,  as  they  were  given  to 
understand  that  it  was  afflicted  with  smallpox.  Mr.  Garner  took  the 
first  thresher  into  Salt  Lake  City,  and  became  quite  a  favorite  with 
Brigham  Young,  who  would  not  let  him  continue  the  trip  to  California. 
He  later  sold  his  thresher,  which  made  him  possessor  of  an  extra  team 
and  because  Jefferson  Hunt  wanted  the  use  of  the  animals  Mr.  Garner 
Was  permitted  to  make  the  trip  across  the  desert  with  his  family. 
Mrs.  Rathbun  was  fourteen  years  of  age  when  she  arrived  in  Cal- 
ifornia, and  she  says  that  the  trip  across  the  desert  was  an  enjoyable 
one  for  her,  as  she  was  at  an  age  that  the  novelty  of  the  situation 
appealed  to  her.  Mrs.  Rathbun  was  one  of  the  six  children,  namely: 
Henry,  a  rancher  who  died  in  San  Bernardino  County ;  Elizabeth 
Jane,  who  married  Sanford  Atwood,  of  Iowa,  and  is  now  living  in  San 
Bernardino;  Frank,  a  rancher  and  stock  raiser  who  died  in  San  Ber- 


s 


SARAH    A.  KATlllMX 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIXERSIDE  COUNTIES         783 

nardino  County,  Sarah  Ann  who  married  Dan  Rathbun ;  Andrew 
Jackson,  a  rancher  and  stock  raiser  in  Utah  ;  Freeman,  a  rancher  and 
stock  raiser  who  died  in  San   Bernardino  County. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dan  Rathbun  were  the  parents  of  eight  children,  four 
of  whom  are  living.  Ann  Elizabeth  died  at  the  age  of  two  months; 
Dan  is  deceased ;  Sabrina  became  the  wife  of  Homer  Whitlock,  who  is 
now  dead,  and  she  lives  in  Los  Angeles ;  George,  of  San  Bernardino, 
who  is  the  father  of  one  daughter,  Georgiana,  who  is  married  and 
has  two  children  ;  Minnie,  who  married  Will  Talmadge  and  is  now 
dead ;  William  Fay  is  also  deceased ;  Frank  is  living  in  San  Bernar- 
dino;  Gertrude  is  the  wife  of  John  McPhereson,  of  Los  Angeles,  who 
has  one  child,  Sarah. 

Robert  Edson  Lee,  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of  the  city's  most 
prominent  osteopaths  and  is  very  thoroughly  equipped  for  the  practice 
of  his  profession.  In  the  field  of  osteopathy  more  than  any  other  school 
of  the  healing  art  the  demand  for  the  latest  results  of  research  and 
tenets  of  the  profession  is  most  stringent.  Dr.  Lee  has  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  his  branch  of  work,  and  it  is  his  aim  to  keep  abreast  with 
all  developments  in  osteopathy.  He  has  built  up  a  large  clientele,  which 
is  constantly  increasing. 

Dr.  Lee  is  a  Westerner,  having  been  born  in  Pomeroy,  Garfield 
County,  Washington.  He  is  the  son  of  Andrew  E.  and  MoUie  B.  (Oriifutt) 
Lee,  his  father  having  been  a  farmer  until  fifteen  years  ago,  when  he 
retired.  He  was  a  native  of  Wisconsin  and  his  wife  of  Kentucky.  Both 
are  living.  They  were  the  parents  of  three  children :  Dr.  R.  E.  Lee ; 
Mary  Ellen,  wife  of  H.  B.  Frazier,  of  San  Francisco ;  and  Dr.  Andrew 
B.,  practicing  osteopathy  in  Redlands. 

Dr.  Lee  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Pomeroy 
and  afterward  was  for  two  years  employed  as  a  bookkeeper.  At  the 
end  of  that  time  he  entered  the  Los  Angeles  College  of  Osteopathy  and 
graduated  in  June,  1912.  In  September  of  the  same  year  he  located  in 
San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  practiced  continuously.  Being  satisfied 
with  nothing  less  than  the  best,  he  supplemented  his  osteopathical  and 
medical  education  by  a  post-graduate  course  in  the  San  Francisco  Col- 
lege of  Medicine  and  also  a  post-graduate  course  in  the  Osteopathic 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  Los  Angeles.  The  practice  he 
has  established  is  a  speaking  tribute  to  his  knowledge  and  skill. 

Dr.  Lee  married  in  June,  1913,  Grace  Houston,  a  daughter  of  Frank 
Houston,  of  Missouri.     They  have  one  child,  Robert  Edson,  Jr. 

Dr.  Lee  was  president  of  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  Osteopathic 
.A.ssociation  for  1918-19-20,  and  filled  the  position  ably.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.  and  of  the  Rotary 
Club.  In  poHtics  he  is  a  republican,  and  he  is  affiliated  with  the  First 
Christian  Church. 

Richard  H.  Willi.\mson.  A  visit  from  North  Dakota,  where  he 
was  a  substantial  and  prosperous  business  man,  gave  Richard  H.  \\'illiam- 
son  an  impression  of  Riverside  and  love  for  a  Riverside  girl  that  soon 
resulted  in  a  permanent  transfer  of  all  his  interests  and  aflfections  to 
this  locality.  Mr.  Williamson  is  operating  a  profitable  ranch  for  poultry 
and  dairy  purposes,  and  has  a  host  of  friends  in  the  community. 

He  was  born  in  Ontario,  Canada,  July  28,  1880.  His  father,  Joseph 
Williamson,  was  a  native  of  Ireland  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  moved 
to  Canada  and  connected  himself  with  pioneer  phases  in  the  development 
of  the  land  and  the  farms  in  Ontario.     He  began  when  it  was  necessary 


784         SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

to  deforest  the  land  in  order  to  put  in  a  crop.  All  the  early  hardships 
of  the  pioneer  were  encountered  by  him,  but  he  persevered  and  eventu- 
ally became  one  of  the  substantial  farmers  of  that  section.  One  of  his 
sons  is  still  living  on  his  old  homestead  of  a  hundred  acres.  Joseph 
Williamson  married  Mary  Donaghy,  who  was  born  in  Quebec,  Canada, 
daughter  of  an  Irishman  who  went  there  as  a  pioneer. 

Richard  H.  Williamson  acquired  a  public  school  education,  in  the 
schools  of  Ontario,  Canada,  also  attended  the  Woodsteck  College  at 
Woodstock,  Ontario,  and  as  a  young  man  he  came  to  the  United  States 
and  took  up  a  homestead  in  North  Dakota.  He  remained  with  it  for  ten 
years,  improving  it  as  a  farm,  and  when  he  sold  that  property  he  invested 
his  funds  in  a  telephone  company  and  took  charge  of  the  exchange  at 
Mohall,   North  Dakota. 

While  his  brother,  William  Williamson,  now  a  retired  farmer  living 
at  Long  Beach,  was  a  resident  of  Riverside,  Richard  Williamson  visited 
him  and  fell  in  love  with  the  country  as  well  as  with  one  of  the  daughters 
of  the  city.  He  lost  no  time  in  returning  to  North  Dakota  and  dis- 
posing of  his  interests  there,  and  in  the  following  year  located  at  River- 
side and  bought  his  present  place  at  462  East  Date  Street.  Here  he 
has  had  some  interesting  success  in  the  poultry  business.  In  1918  he 
added  dairying,  and  now  has  a  herd  of  registered  Jerseys. 

Mr.  Williamson  is  a  democrat.  He  has  not  been  active  in  politics  in 
California,  as  his  private  affairs  keep  him  busy.  He  is  one  of  the  regular 
worshipers  in  the  First  Baptist  Church  and  was  one  of  the  guarantors 
for  the  1921  season  of  the  Riverside  Chautauqua. 

Mr.  Williamson  married  at  Riverside  in  1910  Miss  Mary  M.  Fabb. 
She  was  born  in  the  State  of  Maine  and  came  to  Riverside  with  her 
parents  when  she  was  a  girl.  The  greater  part  of  her  school  life  was 
spent  in  Riverside,  attending  grammar  grades  and  high  school.  Mrs. 
Williamson's  parents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  J.  Fabb,  were  old  residents  of 
Riverside.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Williamson  have  a  daughter,  Marcia  Adelaide, 
a  student  in  the  Riverside  public  schools. 

Clinton  H.  Lewis  is  one  of  the  citizens  of  extensive  interests  in 
Riverside  County,  a  man  of  affairs,  has  lived  here  for  a  third  of  a  century, 
and  his  individual  success  has  been  turned  in  many  ways  to  the  advantage 
of  the  public. 

Mr.  Lewis  was  born  in  Eastern  Ohio,  at  Lewis's  Mills  in  Belmont 
County,  April  18,  1863.  The  old  farm  on  which  he  was  born  and 
reared  has  been  in  the  hands  of  the  Lewis  family  for  a  hundred  and 
ten  years.  This  branch  of  the  Lewis  family  is  of  Welsh  descent,  and 
its  members  were  numbered  among  the  early  settlers  of  Massachusetts. 
The  grandfather  of  Clinton  H.  Lewis  was  a  Quaker  in  religion,  and  was 
the  founder  of  the  farm  and  mills  in  Belmont  County.  He  acquired 
and  developed  two  hundred  acres  of  land.  When  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio 
Railroad,  the  pioneer  railway  line  west  of  the  Alleghenies,  was  con- 
structed through  that  portion  of  Ohio  he  was  instrumental  in  getting 
the  right  of  way  for  the  railroad  located  through  Lewis  Mills.  At 
one  time  he  also  held  the  position  of  county  commissioner,  and  was  a 
citizen  of  fine  integrity  and  great  influence.  Thomas  E.  Lewis,  father 
of  Clinton  H.,  was  born  in  Eastern  Ohio  and  followed  in  his  father's 
footsteps  as  a  miller  and  farmer.  His  only  brother  was  a  soldier  in  the 
Civil  war. 

Clinton  H.  Lewis  attended  the  public  schools  and  finished  his  edu- 
cation in  Mount  Union  College  at  Alliance,  Ohio.  August  22,  1887,  when 
twenty-four  years  of  age,  he  left  home  with  a  boy  friend  and  started 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         79,5 

for  California.  On  the  first  of  September,  1887,  he  reached  the  home 
of  his  uncle  and  aimt  at  Carpenteria  and  on  the  8th  of  the  same  month 
went  to  Wildomar  and  bought  a  merchandise  store  from  William  Collier. 
Mr.  Lewis  was  a  merchant  and  postmaster  for  thirteen  years,  selling 
out  and  in  1901  transferred  his  interests  and  home  to  Riverside.  For 
the  past  twenty  years  he  has  been  engaged  to  a  greater  or  less  extent 
in  the  real  estate  business  and  practically  all  the  time  alone.  He  has 
bought  and  sold  property  on  his  own  account  in  addition  to  performing 
the  general  service  of  a  real  estate  agent,  and  has  been  responsible  for 
some  of  the  large  deals  recorded  in  this  vicinity.  He  owns  large  inter- 
ests in  the  city  and  county  of  Riverside.  He  was  formerly  vice  president 
of  the  Elsinore  Bank. 

Mr.  Lewis  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Riverside  County  Fair. 
He  and  J.  F.  Backstrand  raised  sixty-five  hundred  dollars  and  started 
the  Fair  in  1912.  It  has  had  a  splendid  and  record  growth  each  successive 
year,  and  while  the  essential  features  of  the  old  time  County  Fair  have 
been  maintained,  it  has  other  improvements  and  attractions  besides. 
It  is  one  of  the  big  events  for  Southern  California,  with  magnificent 
displays  of  fruit,  stock,  special  events  and  concessions.  In  the  year  1920, 
eighty  thousand  visitors  paid  admission  through  the  gates.  The  paid 
attendance  for  1921  was  about  92,000.  Mr.  Lewis  was  president  of  the 
Fair  in  1917-18  and  in  1921. 

He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Republican  County  Central  Committee, 
is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  is  interested  in 
the  advancement  and  growth  of  the  city  and  county. 

September  17,  1890,  Mr.  Lewis  married  Miss  Emma  Kinney,  also 
a  native  of  Ohio.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lewis  have  a  son  and  daughter.  The 
son,  Walter  Kinney  Lewis,  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Stan- 
ford University  in  1916,  and  during  the  war  was  in  the  navy  with  the 
commission  of  ensign,  on  duty  at  San  Francisco  most  of  the  time.  He 
is  now  connected  with  the  advertising  firm  of  the  Foster  and  Kleiser 
Company  at  San  Francisco.  The  daughter.  Miss  Georgia  B.  Lewis,  is 
also  a  graduate  of  Stanford  University,  and  in  1921  graduated  from  the 
New  York  School  of  Fine  and  Applied  Arts.  Following  this  she  spent 
five  months  in  Europe  continuing  her  art  work  in  Paris. 

Albert  Glenn  Kendall — The  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Super- 
visors of  San  Bernardino  County,  Albert  Glenn  Kendall,  is  one  of  the 
strong  men  of  the  state  and  well  and  favorably  known  to  every  citizen 
of  the  city  and  county.  He  is  of  the  type  of  men  some  one  has  named 
"The  noblest  work  of  God,  a  self-made  man."  One  often  feels  like 
changing  that  term  to  the  noblest  work  of  the  man  himself.  Left 
fatherless  when  four  years  of  age,  he  was  without  the  guidance  of 
his  mother,  and  at  a  very  young  age  started  out  to  play  the  game  of 
life  singlehanded.  He  certainly  must  have  thought  the  cards  had 
been  stacked  against  him  at  the  outset,  but  he  went  on  playing  the 
game  with  the  self-confidence  which  has  always  characterized  him, 
and  one  by  one  solved  the  problems  presented,  gaining  an  education 
by  most  arduous  methods  and  a  wealth  of  experience  in  all  lines, 
which  has  not  only  benefited  him  but  his  fellow  citizens. 

Mr.  Kendall  was  born  in  Janesville,  Wisconsin,  April  2,  1849,  the 
son  of  William  and  Matilda  (Bickford)  Kendall,  the  father  a  native 
of  Vermont,  who  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  early  days  and  was  a  farmer 
by  occupation  until  his  death.  The  mother  was  also  a  native  of 
Vermont  and  in  about  1891  she  passed  away  in  California.  Mrs. 
Kendall  and  her  eight  children,  two  of  whom  were  younger  than 


786         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Albert,  returned  to  Vermont  after  the  death  of  the  father,  where 
the  children  were  placed  among  friends.  When  Albert  was  fourteen 
years  of  age,  he  ran  away  from  home,  and  has  since  worked  out  his 
own  destiny. 

Without  relatives  or  friends  to  aid  him  he  worked  out  on  farms 
and  in  winters  he  attended  the  district  schools,  determined  to  secure 
all  the  education  they  could  give.  When  he  was  eighteen  years  old 
he  decided  to  come  out  West  and  did  so,  locating  at  Omaha,  Nebraska, 
where  he  worked  as  a  clerk  in  a  drygoods  store.  After  a  time  the 
proprietor  sold  out,  or  rather  traded  the  entire  stock  in  the  store  for 
cattle  which  he  put  on  the  range,  and  young  Kendall  went  with  him, 
herding  cattle  and  afterward  assisted  in  the  butchering  of  the  ani- 
mals. His  next  work  was  as  a  train  boy  on  the  railroad.  In  1871  he 
made  his  real  start  in  life,  going  with  his  brother  to  the  Loup  River, 
where  he  took  up  a  homestead  and  proved  up  on  it,  by  purchase  after- 
ward acquiring  about  one  thousand  acres  of  land.  In  1873  he  was 
elected  county  clerk  of  Howard  County,  and  he  held  that  office  until 
1880. 

In  the  meantime,  in  1875,  he  was  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention,  representing  not  only  Howard  County,  but  also  Merrick 
County,  of  which  he  was  the  youngest  member.  A  remarkable  inci- 
dent of  that  election  was  that  in  his  entire  home  county  he  had  only 
three  votes  cast  against  him,  which  speaks  volumes  for  his  record 
as  a  citizen  there. 

In  1919  he  received  an  invitation  from  the  State  Bar  Association 
of  Nebraska  to  be  present  at  their  annual  convention  and  banquet, 
the  four  or  five  surviving  members  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con- 
vention to  be  the  guests  of  honor.  Since  that  time  two  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Constitutional  Convention  have  passed  away,  and  but 
two  or  three  survivors  remain  out  of  the  original  eighty. 

In  1880  Mr.  Kendall  was  elected  commissioner  of  public  land  and 
buildings  of  the  state,  and  had  charge  of  all  the  public  lands  and 
buildings  of  the  state  for  four  years.  In  January,  1885,  he  returned 
to  his  former  home,  St.  Paul,  Nebraska,  to  fill  the  position  of  cashier 
of  the  new  bank  there,  the  St.  Paul  National  Bank.  In  the  fall  of  1887  he 
resigned  this  position  and  came  out  to  the  real  West,  California,  locat- 
ing at  Ontario.  He  purchased  a  ten-acre  orange  grove  and  proceeded 
to  enjoy  life,  but  not  for  long,  for  in  four  years,  in  1891,  he  was 
elected  tax  collector  for  the  county,  then  re-elected  and  was  after- 
ward county  assessor  for  eight  years. 

Mr.  Kendall  helped  to  organize  the  San  Bernardino  County  Sav- 
ings Bank  and  was  the  cashier  and  active  manager  for  many  years. 
About  this  time  the  great  tariff  fight  was  coming  on  in  Congress, 
and  the  California  Citrus  Protective  League  was  organized  to  help 
protect  the  citrus  interests.  Mr.  Kendall  was  elected  its  secretary 
and  manager.  They  had  to  have  a  man  of  exceptional  gifts  to  repre- 
sent them,  so  of  course  Mr.  Kendall  was  sent  to  Washington,  D.  C. 
Of  his  work  in  that  capacity  much  was  said  and  much  was  printed, 
all  of  a  most  commendatory  and  appreciative  strain.  His  work  there 
resulted  in  the  greatest  of  benefits  to  the  citrus  industry  at  large. 

He  was  then  elected  president  of  the  Farmer's  Exchange  Bank 
and  Savings  Bank  of  San  Bernardino,  and  he  occupied  these  positions 
for  eight  years,  when  he  resigned.  He  is  now  chairman  of  the  Board 
of  Directors  of  the  Farmers  Exchange  National  Bank. 

In  1918  they  got  him  back  into  public  service  again  by  electing 
him  supervisor  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Mark  B.  Shaw.     He  was 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RI\'ERSIDE  COUNTIES         787 

elected  in  the  fall  of  1920  as  supervisor  for  the  Fifth  District  including 
the  city  of  San  Bernardino,  without  oiiposition,  and  succeeded  J.  B. 
Glover  as  chairman  of  the  board. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  name  a  more  popular  and  prominent  man 
in  the  county  than  Albert  Glenn  Kendall  is  in  all  circles — official, 
political,  professional,  fraternal  or  social.  His  successes  in  the  East 
have  been  followed  by  greater  ones  in  the  West.  He  is  a  real  Calif- 
fornian,  loving  his  city,  county  and  state  with  quiet  devotion  but 
never  o\'erlooking  an  opportunity  to  further  the  interests  of  one  and 
all. 

He  married  in  1877,  Fannie  R.  (Morse)  Kendall,  a  daughter  of 
Samuel  Morse,  of  South  Newfane,  Vermont.  They  had  three  chil- 
dren :  Beulah,  wife  of  S.  G.  Reed,  of  Nehalem,  Oregon,  who  has 
three  daughters — Marian  E.,  wife  of  George  D.  Brackett,  of  Marys- 
ville,  California,  who  has  two  boys ;  Georgiana  V.,  deceased  wife  of 
Clinton  E.  Miller  of  Los  Angeles,  but  she  died  in  January,  1919,  leaving 
four  boys.  Mr.  Kendall  is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No. 
348,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.;  of  Keystone  Chapter  No.  56,  R.  A.  M.;  of  St. 
Bernard  Commandery  No.  23,  of  which  he  was  eminent  commander 
for  two  terms;  and  a  member  of  Al  Malaikah  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N. 
M.  S.  His  other  fraternal  affiliation  is  as  a  member  of  San  Bernardino 
Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.  Mr.  Kendall  supports  the  republican 
party  in  politics.  In  the  World  War  he  was  very  active,  working 
unceasingly.  He  was  made  chairman  of  the  Liberty  Loan  Committee, 
which  accomplished  much  during  the  war. 

John  B.  Smith  is  the  enterprising  proprietor  of  the  Arlington  Times, 
and  has  given  that  old  established  journal  in  Riverside  County  a  new 
vitality  and  influence.  His  success  here  is  what  might  be  expected  of  a 
newspaper  man  who  has  followed  that  profession  almost  steadily  since 
boyhood. 

Mr.  Smith  was  born  at  Clarksburg,  West  Virginia,  March  17,  1873, 
son  of  James  H.  and  Martha  (Darnold)  Smith,  both  natives  of  Virginia, 
the  former  of  English  and  the  latter  of  Scotch  descent.  James  H.  Smith, 
though  representing  a  southern  family,  was  a  Union  soldier  during  the 
Civil  war.    For  seventeen  years  he  was  city  treasurer  of  Clarksburg. 

John  B.  Smith  was  educated  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of 
Clarksburg,  and  soon  afterward  began  his  apprenticeship  in  the  office 
of  the  Clarksburg  Telegram.  He  learned  the  newspaper  business  there 
and  for  ten  years  was  business  manager  of  the  Telegram. 

After  leaving  West  Virginia  and  prior  to  coming  to  California,  Mr. 
Smith  had  an  extensive  experience  as  a  newspaper  man  on  the  Gulf 
coast.  He  was  for  three  years  business  manager  of  the  Gulfport  Daily 
Herald  in  Mississippi,  then  for  six  months  was  connected  with  the  Daily 
Post  of  Mobile.  Alabama,  and  for  fourteen  months  had  charge  of  a 
weekly  paper  at  Greenwood,  Mississippi.  On  starting  for  the  Far  West 
Mr.  Smith  stopped  at  Columbus,  New  Mexico,  where  he  leased  a  news- 
paper from  the  owner,  who  expected  to  be  called  to  the  colors.  Failing 
to  pass  the  medical  examination  he  resumed  the  business  and  after  four 
months  Mr.  Smith  returned  the  lease. 

It  was  on  January  5,  1918,  that  Mr.  Smith  became  a  citizen  of  Arling- 
ton. He  soon  afterward  bought  the  Arlington  Times  from  J.  E.  Cassell. 
The  Times  has  been  published  for  about  fourteen  years,  and  enjoys  a 
particularly  high  standing  in  the  county.  Mr.  Smith  changed  the  paper 
from  a  six  to  seven  column  publication,  and  has  more  than  doubled  its 
business.    Besides  publishing  the  Times  he  established  a  small  stationery 


788         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

store,  and  now  has  a  prosperous  business  in  handling  commercial  and 
general  stationery. 

Always  an  active  factor  in  community  work,  he  is  one  of  the  directors 
and  secretary  of  the  Arlington  Chamber  of  Commerce.  While  a  resident 
of  West  Virginia  he  served  seven  years  in  the  National  Guard,  and 
played  the  tuba  in  the  regimental  band.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Clarks- 
burg City  Council  four  years  and  has  been  a  representative  of  the  repub- 
lican party  in  county  and  state  conventions.  His  affiliations  with  the 
Lodge,  Chapter  and  Commandery  of  Masonry  are  in  Clarksburg,  and 
he  is  a  member  of  Osiris  Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  at  Wheeling. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  Clarksburg  Lodge,  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  of  Elks.     Mrs.  Smith  is  a  member  of  the   Presbyterian  Church, 

August  12,  1902,  he  married  Miss  Valeria  Heenan,  a  native  of  Penn- 
sylvania, daughter  of  R.  M.  Heenan.  Mrs.  Smith  is  an  accomplished 
educator  and  formerly  taught  in  the  schools  of  Mississippi  and  Alabama 
and  is  now  connected  with  the  Arlington  School.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Smith 
have  two  children :  Mrs.  Genevieve  Martha  Shepherd,  wife  of  Thomas  E. 
Shepherd,  of  Los  Angeles,  and  John  B.,  Jr.,  a  grammar  school  boy. 

Arthur  Winfield  McDavitt.  a  well  known  and  popular  dentist  of 
San  Bernardino,  has  during  his  residence  of  over  twenty  years  built 
up  a  deservedly  large  clientele,  one  that  is  ever  on  the  increase.  A  dentist 
occupies  a  peculiar  position  in  a  community  when  he  first  settles  there, 
for  he  is  at  once  the  best  friend  and  yet  the  bete  noir  of  the  citizens 
seeking  his  aid,  until  he  has  proved  his  worth.  But  once  he  has  fully 
demonstrated  that  he  is  truly  skillful,  keeps  abreast  of  all  modern  improve- 
ments, he  is  firmly  established.  This  Dr.  McDavitt  has  accomplished, 
and  he  is  kept  busy  relieving  the  physical  woes  of  his  patients. 

Dr.  McDavitt  was  born  in  Stanhope,  New  Jersey,  July  19,  1876,  the 
son  of  George  W.  McDavitt  and  Julian  D.  (King)  McDavitt.  His  father 
and  mother  were  both  natives  of  New  Jersey  and  his  mother  died  in  1897. 
His  father  is  also  a  dentist,  and  is  now  practicing  in  Dover,  New  Jersey. 
They  had  three  children  born  to  them,  of  whom  Dr.  McDavitt  was  the 
eldest. 

Dr.  McDavitt  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Dover,  New  Jersey, 
and  the  business  college  of  that  city.  Afterward  he  went  into  his  father's 
office  and  there  he  studied  dentistry  in  all  its  branches,  gaining  a  thorough 
and  comprehensive  knowledge.  When  he  considered  himself  thoroughly 
equipped  for  his  profession  he  located  in  Butler,  New  Jersey,  and  there  he 
built  up  a  good  practice,  remaining  there  for  four  years.  At  the  end 
of  that  time  he  decided  to  move  to  California  and  did  so,  locating  in  San 
Bernardino,  where  he  has  since  been  in  continuous  practice  and  meeting 
with  unvarying  success. 

Dr.  McDavitt  is  the  father  of  seven  children,  all  of  whom  are  living 
in  San  Bernardino.  His  eldest  son,  Arthur  G.  McDavitt,  is  a  mechanical 
dentist  in  the  office  with  his  father.  He  married  Florence  Pugh,  of 
Long  Beach,  and  is  the  father  of  one  daughter,  Dorothy  Doris.  George 
Winfield  McDavitt  is  a  student  of  the  high  school,  preparing  to  enter 
the  State  University,  Dental  course.  James  E.,  Orville  ^^'.  and  Julia 
Doris  are  all  students  of  San  Bernardino  schools  and  Helen  Betty  and 
John  William  are  not  yet  of  school  age. 

In  politics  Dr.  McDavitt  is  a  republican. 

Charles  E.  Johnson.  The  career  of  Charles  E.  Johnson  proves 
that  anything  is  possible  to  the  alert,  hard-working  young  man  of  today, 
especially  if  he  selects  as  the  scene  of  his  operations  one  of  the  thriving 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         789 

cities  of  the  great  Southwest.  Beginning  at  the  very  bottom  of  the  ladder 
of  fortune,  Mr.  Johnson  has  steadily  mounted  until  today  he  is  manager 
and  treasurer  of  the  Riverside  Title  Company  with  which  he  commenced 
in  the  humble  capacity  of  janitor,  but  as  one  of  the  substantial  citizens 
of  Riverside. 

Charles  E.  Johnson  was  born  at  Streator,  Illinois,  January  30,  1885, 
a  son  of  WilHam  N.  and  Ella  M.  (Bullock)  Johnson.  William  N.  John- 
son, now  deceased,  was  born  in  the  Empire  State,  from  which  his  duties 
as  a  railroad  man  took  him  to  Streator,  Illinois.  Later  he  came  to  River- 
side, California,  and  died  at  San  Bernardino,  California.  The  Johnson 
family  is  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  Scotch-English  descent.  Mrs. 
Johnson  survives  her  husband  and  is  now  residing  at  Riverside.  Her 
family  is  an  old  one  of  the  Keystone  State. 

Attending  the  graded  schools  of  Streator  and  the  Riverside  High 
School,  Charles  E.  Johnson  was  graduated  from  the  latter  in  1901,  when 
he  was  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  one  year  after  his  arrival  in  the  city 
with  his  parents.  For  the  .subsequent  year  he  was  in  charge  of  his  father's 
orange  grove  at  567  Jurupa  Avenue,  and  then  he  went  to  San  Bernardino 
and  worked  for  the  contracting  firm  of  Stevenson  Brothers,  and  at  the 
same  time  attended  the  night  sessions  of  the  San  Bernardino  Business 
College.  For  several  months  he  was  engaged  as  a  driver  for  the  grocery 
firm  of  L.  V.  Bean  Company,  and  for  a  couple  of  weeks  kept  books  in 
the  second-hand  store  of  Schaeffer  Brothers. 

Returning  to  Riverside,  Mr.  Johnson  was  employed  by  the  Orange 
Growers  Bank  until  it  closed  its  doors.  During  the  following  year  he 
worked  faithfully  at  whatever  he  could  find  to  do,  from  picking  oranges 
to  working  in  the  grocery  store  of  the  Newberry-Parker  Company,  and 
in  the  fall  entered  the  employ  of  a  furniture  store  as  salesman.  After 
a  year  with  this  concern  he  returned  to  the  Newberry-Parker  Company 
as  a  solicitor. 

In  all  of  these  connections,  however,  Mr.  Johnson  realized  that  there 
was  no  future  for  him,  and  so  when  the  opening  came  on  February 
26,  1907,  for  him  to  enter  what  was  then  the  Riverside  Title  &  Trust 
Company,  now  the  Riverside  Title  Company,  he  did  so,  although  the 
position  was  that  of  janitor,  and  subsequent  events  have  proved  the 
wisdom  of  his  decision.  At  that  time  the  company  was  located  at  72>2) 
Ninth  Street,  but  removal  was  later  made  to  the  present  commodious 
quarters  at  908  Main  Street.  Mr.  Johnson  was  determined  from  the 
start  to  secure  a  footing  with  this  concern,  and  never  ceased  working 
to  acquire  an  exhaustive  knowledge  of  the  duties  of  the  position  above 
him  so  that  when  a  vacancy  occurred  he  was  ready  to  fill  it,  and  in  this 
way  he  rose  steadily  and  surely  through  all  of  the  positions  to  his  present 
ones  of  manager  and  treasurer,  to  which  he  was  elected  in  May,  1911. 
Prior  to  that  he  was  made  a  director  of  the  company.  His  associates 
in  the  company  are  as  follows :  J.  W.  Covert,  president ;  Emerson  L! 
Holt,  vice  president ;  John  L.  Prince,  vice  president ;  and  L.  B.  Scranton, 
secretary.  The  company  now  carries  on  a  straight  title  and  escrow 
business.  When  Mr.  Johnson  first  went  to  work  for  this  company  there 
were  four  others  employed,  but  the  volume  of  business  now  requires 
an  ofifice  force  of  seventeen. 

A  man  of  many  ideas  and  high  enthusiasms,  Mr.  Johnson  has  con- 
nected himself  with  various  organizations  and  is  a  past  chancellor  of 
the  Knights  of  Pythias;  is  a  member  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  of  Elks ;  belongs  to  the  Rotary  Club,  the  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
the  Business  Men's  Club,  the  Realty  Board  and  the  Present  Day  Club. 
He  is  treasurer  of  the  Riverside  County  Council  of  the  Boy  Scouts  of 


790        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

America  and  intensely  interested  in  this  movement.  Long  an  earnest 
member  of  the  First  Methodist  Church  of  Riverside,  he  is  one  of  its 
stewards  and  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Ushers.  While  he  has  always 
voted  the  republican  ticket  he  has  not  been  active  in  politics. 

On  October  15,  1907,  Mr.  Johnson  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mae 
E.  Andrews,  a  native  of  Iowa  and  a  daughter  of  H.  A.  Andrews,  a  con- 
tractor of  Riverside.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Johnson  have  one  son,  Charles  W'., 
who  is  a  student  of  the  Grant  School  of  Riverside.  In  his  life  and  work 
Mr.  Johnson  sets  an  excellent  example,  and  his  influence,  especially  over 
the  growing  boys  under  his  charge,  is  of  the  highest  character,  and  his 
community  work  has  always  belonged  to  the  constructive  class.  A  man  of 
unquestioned  business  ability,  he  has  not  allowed  his  cares  in  this  line 
to  absorb  all  of  his  time,  but  has  broadened  his  outlook  and  widened  the 
scope  of  his  influence  by  interesting  himself  in  many  things. 

Warren  W.  Van  Pelt.  Men  with  newspaper  training  have  decided 
qualifications  for  a  service  that  every  community  needs  and  requires. 
Warren  W.  Van  Pelt,  of  Riverside,  was  a  newspaper  man  from  boyhood 
until  recent  years,  and  along  with  the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  con- 
ducting a  newspaper  plant  there  has  seldom  been  a  time  when  he  has  not 
been  burdened  with  some  outside  official  responsibility.  He  is  widely 
known  over  Riverside  and  adjoining  counties  as  secretary  of  the  Southern 
California  Fair  Association  and  the  Associated  Chambers  of  Commerce. 
He  has  long  appreciated  the  unrivalled  opportunities  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia, and  through  his  pen  and  other  active  connections  he  has  found 
a  means  of  communicating  this  appreciation  to  others  and. in  a  way  to 
affect  favorably  the  development  and  welfare  of  ^his  section  of  the  state. 

Mr.  Van  Pelt  was  born  at  McMinnville,  Tennessee,  August  12, 
1868,  but  his  people  were  natives  of  the  Ohio  Valley.  His  father. 
Dr.  W.  R.  Van  Pelt,  was  born  in  Ohio,  and  was  of  Dutch  ancestry, 
though  his  family  had  been  in  America  from  Revolutionary  times. 
The  mother  was  born  at  Wheeling,  West  Virgina,  of  Irish  descent, 
and  her  father  was  an  early  settler  of  West  Virginia.  Her  maiden 
name  was  Maria  Warren.  Dr.  W.  R.  Van  Pelt  spent  the  greater 
part  of  his  active  life  as  a  practicing  physician  in  Eastern  Ohio. 
He  was  also  a  civil  engineer  by  profession,  and  in  the  early  days 
of  Belmont  County  surveyed  many  township  lines  and  was  a  mine 
surveyor  as  well.  In  1879  he  removed  to  Kansas,  where  he  followed 
civil  engineering,  and  later  came  to  Arlington,  California,  where  he 
and  his  wife  died. 

Warren  W.  Van  Pelt  acquired  a  public  school  education,  attended 
Baker  University  in  Kansas  and  the  Southwestern  Kansas  College. 
Before  completing  his  education  he  was  working  as  a  printer's  devil 
on  the  Walnut  Valley  Times  at  Eldorado,  Kansas.  For  several  years 
Vvhile  attending  college  he  earned  his  living  by  working  as  a  printer 
with  the  Winfield  Courier.  After  his  apprenticeship  and  early  serv- 
ice he  bought  and  conducted  for  four  years  the  Enquirer  at  Arkansas 
City,  Kansas,  on  the  .southern  line  of  the  state.  For  four  years  he 
was  also  in  the  newspaper  business  at  Ripley.  Oklahoma. 

Mr.  Van  Pelt  came  to  California  in  1906,  first  locating  at  Santa 
.-Xnna,  and  then  removing  to  Coachella,  where  he  conducted  the 
Coachella  Valley  News  until  the  health  of  his  wife  made  a  move 
imperative.  In  1908  he  went  to  Arlington,  where  he  founded  the 
-Arlington  Times  and  was  publisher  of  that  jiaper  until  1917.  In 
1917  he  and  Dr.  George  E.  Henry  built  the  Arlington  Cannery,  but 
he  sold  his  interest  in  that  establishment  two  years  later. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         791 

During  all  these  years  he  was  an  active  worker  in  the  Arlington 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Count}-  Chamber  of  Commerce. 
He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Associated  Chambers  of  Com- 
merce eight  years  ago,  and  with  the  exception  of  a  short  time 
has  been  its  secretary.  He  is  a  member  and  for  three  years  has 
been  secretary  of  the  Southern  California  Fair  Association,  a  full 
account  of  which  is  found  in  the  historical  writing  by  the  author,  Mr. 
James  Boyd. 

Mr.  Van  Pelt  has  given  a  yeoman's  service  to  the  republican 
party.  He  represented  that  party  in  state  and  county  conventions 
in  Kansas,  and  continued  his  convention  work  until  recently,  and 
for  many  years  was  a  member  of  the  County  Central  Committee  of 
Riverside.  He  has  also  acted  for  three  sessions  as  engrossing  and 
enrolling  clerk  for  the  California  Senate.  Mr.  Van  Pelt  is  a  member 
of  the  Masonic  Lodge  at  Riverside,  the  Knights  and  Ladies  of  Se- 
curity and  the  Present  Day  Club. 

He  married  Miss  Ida  Johnson,  of  Neodesha,  Kansas,  a  native  of 
that  state.  The  change  of  residence  from  Coachella  to  Arlington  did 
not  permanently  benefit  her  health,  and  she  died  at  Arlington  in  1909. 
She  is  survived  by  two  daughters,  Lois  and  Katherine,  both  now 
students  in  the  Riverside  High  School. 

Theodore  Crossley — The  handsome  and  complete  salesroom  and 
garage  at  Main  and  Eleventh  streets  in  Riverside  are  an  appreciated 
institution  by  all  motorists  and  motor  car  owners.  Among  permanent 
residents  of  Riverside  that  appreciation  was  the  greater  because 
the  business  reflects  to  some  extent  the  interesting  life  story  of  its 
founder  and  owner,  the  late  Theodore  Crossley.  Mr.  Crossley  was 
enjoying  the  climax  of  his  successful  business  career  when,  engaged 
in  a  public  service,  the  performance  of  his  duty  as  a  deputy  sheriff,  he 
and  a  companion  deputy  were  shot  down,  he  being  instantly  killed 
on  September  22,  1921.  Mr.  Crossley  and  another  deputy  had  gone 
to  arrest  some  Mexicans  at  Belleville,  charged  with  theft.  Going 
to  the  home  of  the  two  Mexicans,  one  of  the  deputies  got  out  of  their 
car  and  aproached  the  men,  who  without  warning  opened  fire,  Mr. 
Crossley  being  the  second  victim  of  their  bullets,  while  still  seated 
in  the  auto.  Mr.  Crossley  along  with  his  other  interests  had  been 
a  deputy  sheriff  for  a  number  of  years,  and  had  frequently  been  called 
upon  for  special  work  requiring  courage  and  resourcefulness. 

Theodore  Crossley  was  born  in  New  York  City,  July  20,  1877.  His 
parents,  Thomas  and  Mary  (Holmes)  Crossley,  were  natives  of  Eng- 
land and  were  living  temporarily  in  New  York  City  when  their  son 
was  born.  Thomas  Crossley  at  that  time  was  representing  an  Eng- 
lish machinery  house  in  America.  Theodore  Crossley-  spent  his  youth 
in  England.  He  was  eight  years  old  when  his  father  died  and  six- 
teen at  the  death  of  his  mother.  He  was  educated  in  the  Parochial 
schools,  but  for  the  most  part  his  education  was  the  product  of  work 
and  active  contact  with  the  world.  At  the  age  of  ten  he  entered  a 
shop  at  jManchester.  England,  to  learn  the  trades  of  toolmaker  and 
die  sinker.  When  he  was  seventeen,  a  year  after  the  death  of  his 
mother,  he  came  to  America  and  worked  at  his  trade  in  different 
places.  He  had  an  ambition  to  make  something  of  his  time  and 
talents,  and  his  desire  for  travel  also  led  him  to  accept  opportunities 
that  took  him  to  different  localities.  When  he  was  about  twenty- 
one  he  opened  a  shop  in  New  York  City,  his  total  capital  consisting 
of  a  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars.     Gradually  he  built  up  business 


792        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

for  the  repair  of  machinery  and  the  making  of  tools  and  dies  and  other 
mechanical  lines. 

About  this  time  the  Locomobile  Company  was  building  a  little 
steam  car,  and  from  his  first  glimpse  of  the  machine  Mr.  Crossley 
could  see  the  future  of  the  horseless  carriage,  and  thereafter  was  an 
enthusiast  on  the  subject.  He  came  in  contact  with  various  pioneer 
automobiles  and  secured  several  of  the  experimental  cars  manu- 
factured by  Haynes,  Apperson  and  Columbia.  In  his  shop  he  also 
experimented  with  a  steam  car.  He  had  a  promising  invention  well 
on  the  way  to  perfection,  but  he  failed  to  carry  insurance  and  when 
the  machine  took  fire  the  destruction  extended  to  the  entire  plant, 
and  after  meeting  his  obligations  he  had  practically  no  capital  left. 

Very  much  discouraged  and  seeking  some  immediate  change, 
while  going  down  Barclay  Street  Mr.  Crossley  noticed  a  sign  "Cheap 
Rates  to  California."  He  had  a  very  vague  knowledge  of  the  United 
States  west  of  Chicago.  He  went  in  and  bought  a  ticket,  and  when 
the  agent  questioned  him  as  to  destination  he  had  no  answer  ready. 
The  agent  said  "City  of  Angels"  or  San  Francisco.  He  liked  the 
former  title  and  thus  it  was  he  arrived  in  California  in  1904,  getting 
off  the  train  at  San  Bernardino,  the  first  city  he  saw  after  a  long 
and  tiresome  ride.  With  San  Bernardino  as  his  headquarters  he 
bought  a  bicycle  and  rode  all  over  the  surrounding  territory.  Two 
of  the  first  points  brought  to  his  observation  were  Magnolia  Avenue 
and  the  Mission  Inn  at  Riverside.  His  investigating  trips  extended 
to  Los  Angeles.  Pasadena  and  San  Diego,  but  he  decided  to  locate 
at  Riverside,  believing  the  city  had  a  real  future  for  him  in  his  chosen 
line.  With  small  capital  but  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  automobile 
business,  he  determined  to  open  a  garage,  though  there  were  one  or 
two  small  places  doing  repair  work.  A  site  for  his  new  venture  he 
discovered  in  an  empty  lot  next  to  the  Reynolds  Hotel.  He  inter- 
viewed Reynolds,  telling  him  all  his  circumstances,  and  explaining 
his  plan  to  put  all  the  automobiles  in  the  city  in  a  garage  and  work 
shop  covering  the  vacant  lot  42x150  feet.  The  first  year  was  anything 
but  successful,  and  at  the  end  of  two  years  he  was  not  much  better 
off.  Then  followed  two  or  three  years  of  gradual  progress,  and  at  the 
end  of  five  years  he  was  out  of  debt  and  owned  some  property  and  a 
small  margin  of  capital  besides.  His  best  years  were  from  1911  to 
1916.  Mr.  Crossley  remained  in  the  place  adjoining  the  Reynolds 
Hotel  five  years,  until  rental  became  burdensome,  and  then  moved 
to  Tenth  and  Market,  where  he  was  in  business  until  January  1,  1920, 
when  he  moved  into  the  fine  new  building  at  Main  and  Eleventh 
streets.  He  had  bought  a  lot  on  Main  Street  five  years  previously, 
since  his  business  was  being  crowded  off  that  thoroughfare.  He  pur- 
chased a  shop  building  at  1063  Main  Street  with  the  idea  of  locating 
there,  but  later  realized  the  building  was  a  good  investment  and  as 
the  corner  of  Eleventh  and  Main  streets  was  vacant  he  bought  the 
ground,  57x158  feet,  from  the  Odd  Fellows  Association.  On  this 
he  built  a  structure  completely  covering  the  ground,  and  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  salesrooms  in  Southern  California.  The  front  and 
sides  are  in  Italian  Renaissance  style,  the  stone  work  and  the  lighting 
effects  were  made  by  Italians,  and  it  contains  cathedral  opalescent 
glass  windows  and  mosaic  floor.  It  is  a  light  and  cheerful  building, 
free  from  grease  or  dirt.  Mr.  Crossley  was  the  only  man  in  the  busi 
ness  at  Riverside  who  owned  his  own  building,  his  own  capital.  He 
had   sold   several    makes   of  automobiles,   but    finally    settled   on    the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         793 

Mitchell  car  as  the  best  offering  for  the  money.  One  of  his  associates 
for  a  time  was  C.  A.  Dundas,  who  later  went  for  himself. 

Mr.  Crossley  was  very  active  in  all  patriotic  movements,  assisting 
in  the  drives  for  funds,  and  though  past  military  age  did  his  best  to 
get  into  active  service  and  probably  would  have  done  so  but  for 
the  signing  of  the  armistice.  He  was  a  loyal  knight  of  the  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  a  ])ast  grand  of  Riverside  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellow.s.  the  largest  lodge  of  the  order  in  the  state,  a  past 
chief  patriarch  of  the  Encampment,  a  member  of  the  committee  on 
petitions  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Odd  Fellows  of  the  state.  He  was 
especially  interested  in  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  Orphans  Home  at  Gilroy, 
California,  for  which  he  gave  much  of  his  time  and  money  and  did  a 
world  of  good  for  the  children  many  of  whom  looked  forward  to  his 
visits  with  greater  interest  than  for  any  one  else.  Mr.  Crossley  was 
instrumental  in  getting  the  new  building  at  Gilroy  established  and 
assisted  in  many  ways.  He  devoted  a  large  part  of  his  life  to  help- 
ing needy  and  unfortunate  people,  and  those  who  knew  him  best 
say  that  a  kinder  man  never  lived.  He  was  also  affiliated  with  the 
Woodmen  of  the  World  and  was  one  of  the  leading  republicans  of 
the  county.     Mr.  Crossley  was  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 

He  is  survived  by  his  widow,  who  he  married  at  Riverside,  June 
6,  1917.  She  was  then  Mrs.  Idella  Webb,  widow  of  Justice  Holton 
Webb  of  Riverside,  who  was  likewise  a  victim  of  violence,  having 
been  killed  by  an  Italian  in  resentment  for  a  decision  handed  down 
by  Justice  Webb.  Mrs.  Crossley  is  a  native  of  Eureka,  Humbolt 
County,  California,  the  daughter  of  John  Rudolph,  one  of  the  pioneers 
of  1849.  He  came  across  the  plains  to  California  in  1849  with  ox- 
teams  and  became  an  associate  of  Flood,  Crocker,  Lucky  Baldwin, 
Badger  and  other  well  known  factors  in  the  early  California  life. 
He  was  one  of  the  prominent  figures  in  the  state  and  became  a  large 
property  owner  in  Santa  Barbara  County,  particularly  in  Lompoc, 
where  he  was  a  merchant  and  large  stock  owner.  His  two  sons, 
F.  M.  and  H.  S.  Rudolph,  are  today  two  of  the  largest  stock  holders 
in  that  county. 

Mrs.  Crossley  had  three  children  by  her  former  marriage:  Mirian, 
wife  of  Edgar  Craig,  an  oil  superintendent  in  the  Santa  Maria  fields, 
and  John  Rudolph  Webb  and  Elvin  Elbridge  Webb,  both  graduates 
of  the  Riverside  High  School  and  now  in  charge  for  their  mother, 
of  the  garage  built  by  Mr.  Crossley. 

Theodore  Crossley  drove  the  first  automobile  in  the  streets  of 
New  York  and  created  a  sensation.  The  authorities  raised  many 
objections,  claiming  that  it  disturbed  the  peace,  blocked  traffic,  caused 
congestion,  etc.  He  was  followed  by  more  men  and  children  than 
any  circus  that  ever  came  to  town.  When  he  was  three  miles  out 
of  town  the  engine  quit  and  he  hired  horses  to  tow  him  back. 

Legare  Allen  has  been  a  resident  of  California  since  1856  and  of 
San  Bernardino  since  1875.  That  he  is  one  of  the  best  known  men  in 
the  county  is  due  not  only  to  this  long  residence  but  to  the  im])ortant 
role  he  has  taken  in  commercial  affairs  and  politics. 

Mr.  Allen  was  thirteen  years  of  age  when  brought  to  California. 
He  was  born  in  Michigan  October  22,  1843,  son  of  Dr.  Jacob  and 
.Abigail  (Olmstead)  Allen,  both  parents  being  of  Revolutionary  stock 
and  of  English  descent.  His  mother  was  horn  in  Cayuga  County, 
New  York,  and  died  at  Riverside.  Dr.  Jacob  .Mien,  a  native  of  New 
York  State,  was  a  pioneer  in  Michigan,  but  on  July  6,  1856,  left  New 

VoL  II— 1.3 


794         SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

York  with  his  family,  bound  for  California.  He  took  the  Isthmus 
route,  and  from  the  Isthmus  traveled  to  San  Francisco  in  one  of  the 
old  side  wheel  steamers  whose  normal  schedule  was  thirteen  days. 
In  California  he  practiced  medicine  at  Santa  Clara  until  1868,  then 
became  a  pioneer  physician  in  San  Diego,  and  in  1875  removed  to 
Riverside  where  he  was  active  in  his  profession  until  his  death.  At 
one  time  he  owned  a  city  block  in  Riverside,  now  the  site  of  the 
Baptist  Church,  and  he  held  the  office  of  coroner  while  in  Santa 
Clara  County. 

Legare  Allen,  after  finishing  a  public  school  education,  entered  the 
University  of  the  Pacific  at  Santa  Clara  and  graduated  with  the 
Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  1864.  During  the  following  year  he 
was  a  student  of  medicine  at  Toland's  Medical  College  in  San  Fran- 
cisco. His  father's  vocation  did  not  appeal  to  him  after  he  had  made 
this  degree  of  progress  in  his  studies,  and  he  abandoned  the  study. 
After  teaching  school  in  Gilroy  a  year  he  joined  his  father  in  the 
drug  business  in  San  Diego  in  1868.  In  1875,  the  year  his  parents 
located  at  Riverside,  he  moved  to  San  Bernardino  and  bought  a  drug 
store.  He  was  the  leading  local  druggist  until  1883,  following  which 
for  a  number  of  years  he  held  a  number  of  prominent  offices.  For 
two  years  he  was  deputy  sherifif  under  John  B.  Burkhard,  then  became 
candidate  for  county  recorder,  and  was  elected  for  two  years  and 
reelected,  filling  his  second  term.  He  was  deputy  marshal  under  L. 
Van  Doren  two  years,  and  for  the  next  six  years  was  city  clerk  of 
San  Bernardino.  After  making  this  extended  record  of  public  service 
Mr.  Allen  engaged  in  different  lines  of  business,  chiefly  insurance, 
was  also  an  employe  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company,  and  for  a 
time  was  a  merchant  handling  groceries,  poultry  and  fish.  The 
property  requiring  his  active  attention  he  sold  in  1917,  and  has  since 
been  retired. 

Mr.  Allen  was  for  fourteen  years  a  school  trustee  and  part  of  the 
time  chairman  of  the  board.  He  was  chiefly  responsible  for  the 
erection  of  the  schoolhouse  on  F  and  Fifth  streets.  This  achievement 
represented  a  long  continued  advocacy  on  his  part,  the  voting  of  the 
twenty  thousand  dollars  of  bonds  necessary  for  its  erection  failing 
the  first  time.  In  his  official  capacity  he  bought  the  land  and  put  up 
the  schoolhouse  and  had  three  dollars  and  seventy-eight  cents  left 
in  the  fund.  Mr.  Allen  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Pioneer  Society 
of  San  Bernardino  and  he  is  president  of  that  organization.  He  is  a 
past  grand  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  a  past 
chancellor  commander  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  while  Mrs.  Allen 
is  affiliated  with  the  Eastern  Star,  the  Ladies  of  Woodcraft  and  the 
Knights  and  Ladies  of  Security. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen  have  occupied  their  home  at  F  and  Eight 
streets  since  1911.  He  married  Miss  Emma  Allen  December  10, 
1876.  She  was  born  in  Ohio.  The  father.  Rev.  G.  W.  Allen,  was 
a  Baptist  minister  who  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1875  and  was 
pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church  here  for  a  number  of  years.  He  was 
a  native  of  England.  Mrs.  Allen  has  two  sisters  and  one  brother 
living:  Nettie,  wife  of  W.  A.  Harris,  an  attorney  of  Los  Angeles; 
Adelphi,  who  owns  an  apartment  house  on  Griffith  and  East  Adams 
streets  in  Los  Angeles,  is  the  widow  of  A.  A.  Arthur;  and  Lucius  G., 
a  real  estate  man  at  Venice,  California.  Mr.  Allen,  by  a  previous  marriage, 
had  two  children:  Lena,  wife  of  N.  D.  Powell,  of  Long  Beach,  and  thev 
have  a  son  and  daughter,  and  Lula,  deceased  wife  of  A.  O.  Harwood, 
superintendent   of    the    Metropolitan    Life    Insurance    Company    of    San 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        795 

Francisco.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Allen  are  the  parents  of  Leola,  wife  of 
Lionel  L.  Jackson,  superintendent  of  street  railways  at  Eureka,  Cali- 
fornia. Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jackson  have  two  daughters,  Frances  and 
Dorothy.  Legare  Allen,  Jr.,  the  only  son,  is  connected  with  the  Santa 
Fe  Railway  Company.  By  his  marriage  to  Orphie  Sedgwick  he  has 
two  children. 

George  M.  Hancock — While  the  natural  resources  of  any  city  play 
an  important  part  in  its  development  and  prosperity,  very  little  can 
be  accomplished  without  the  constructive  labors  of  enterprising  and 
progressive  men  in  all  lines  of  endeavor,  who  through  their  personal 
efforts  build  up  flourishing  concerns  that  give  prestige  to  the  com- 
munity and  financial  standing  to  its  institutions.  It  was  not  until 
more  recent  years  that  San  Bernardino  took  its  place  among  the 
important  municipalities  of  the  Golden  State,  although  it  is  one  of 
the  old  cities  of  the  Coast,  and  its  wonderful  natural  advantages 
have  existed  since  a  period  long  ante-dating  the  advent  of  the  white 
man  in  this  hemisphere.  It  was  left  for  the  aggressive  business  men 
of  the  latter  part  of  the  nineteenth  and  early  part  of  the  twentieth 
century  to  give  to  San  Bernardino  the  impetus  which  has  resulted 
so  marvelously,  and  while  they  received  a  large  material  reward,  they 
also  deserve  the  credit  for  altruistic  efforts  as  well.  One  of  these 
men  who  had,  and  still  has,  strong  faith  in  this  part  of  the  state  and 
is  doing  his  full  part  in  maintaining  the  prestige  already  gained,  is 
George  M.  Hancock  member  of  the  firm  of  Hancock  &  Wade,  pro- 
prietors of  the  Home  Furnishing  Company,  one  of  the  largest  and 
best  furniture  houses  in  Southern  California. 

George  M.  Hancock  was  born  at  Albany,  Kentucky,  September 
10,  1868,  a  son  of  Benjamin  and  Rachel  (Wynn)  Hancock,  both  being 
members  of  old  honored  Kentucky  families,  of  Revolutionary  stock 
and  distinguished  ancestry,  reaching  back  into  the  annals  of  England 
and  Whales.     Both  parents  are  now  deceased. 

Benjamin  Hancock  was  a  Federal  soldier,  serving  with  the  Thir- 
teenth Kentucky  Cavalry  during  the  war  between  the  states.  By 
occupation  he  was  a  miller,  and  built  the  first  flour  mill  to  be  operated 
by  steam  in  Clinton  County.  He  was  prominent  in  his  community, 
and  served  as  magistrate  in  Clinton  County,  Kentucky.  His  father, 
Ben  Hancock,  established  the  family  in  Kentucky,  where  he  was  a 
pioneer,  coming  to  the  state  from  Virginia,  and  he  belonged  to  the 
same  branch  of  the  Hancock  family  as  did  John  Hancock,  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  George  M.  Hancock  is 
very  proud  of  his  connection  with  this  famous  leader  for  American 
independence,  and  has  tried  to  live  up  to  the  standards  raised  by  his 
illustrious  relative. 

George  M.  Hancock  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  was  reared  on  his  father's  plantation.  His  first  work  was 
that  of  assisting  his  father  in  the  mill,  and  later  he  went  into  a  mercan- 
tile business  at  Albany,  Kentucky.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  years  he 
left  home,  and,  going  to  Joplin,  Missouri,  went  into  the  furniture 
business  with  his  uncle,  J.  C.  Hancock,  this  association  being  main- 
tained for  twelve  years.  In  1903  Mr.  Hancock  sold  his  interests, 
came  to  San  Bernardino,  and  opened  a  similar  establishment  in  this 
city  to  the  one  at  Joplin,  the  stand  being  on  D  Street,  and  he  had  E.  L. 
Ward  as  his  partner.  The  firm  was  known  as  Ward  &  Hancock,  and 
continued  for  three  and  one-half  years,  and  then  Mr.  Hancock  founded 
the  Home  Furnishing  Company,  with  Grant  Mclntyro  as  his  partner. 


796         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

who  was  later  bought  out  by  Charles  Wade,  the  firm  of  Hancock  &  Wade 
having  continued  for  the  past  decade.  In  May,  1916,  removal  was 
made  to  the  present  location  on  F  Street,  where  they  had  erected  a 
substantial  two  story  building  solely  for  store  purposes.  It  occupies 
a  ground  area  of  48  x  130  feet,  and  is  one  of  the  largest  furniture 
stores  in  this  part  of  the  state.  Business  has  steadily  increased,  and 
the  firm  are  in  a  flourishing  condition. 

Mr.  Hancock  belongs  to  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks  of  San  Bernardino  ;  is  a  trustee  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  of 
San  Bernardino ;  is  past  dictator  of  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose ;  was 
banker  of  the  Modern  ^^'oodmen  of  America  for  sixteen  years,  and  is 
very  much  interested  in  fraternal  matters.  A  consistent  member  of 
the  Christian  Church,  he  has  served  as  treasurer  of  the  local  congre- 
gation for  six  years.  While  he  votes  the  republican  ticket  and  is 
interested  in  the  success  of  his  party,  he  is  not  active  in  politics. 

On  November  22,  1895,  Mr.  Hancock  married,  at  Bentonville, 
Arkansas,  ]\liss  Minnie  Crowell,  a  native  of  Arkansas  and  a  daughter 
of  H.  C.  Crowell,  a  merchant  of  Bentonville.  The  Crowell  family  is  an 
old  one  of  America,  of  Pennsylvania-Dutch  stock.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Hancock  have  two  children,  namely:  Pansy  and  Eugene.  Pansy  is 
the  wife  of  W.  J.  Ham,  an  employe  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company 
at  San  Bernardino.  Eugene  is  with  his  father  in  the  furniture  business. 
He  married  Miss  Josephine  Arner,  of  Rialto,  California.  During 
the  World  war  Eugene  Hancock  volunteered  for  service,  and  was 
placed  in  Company  K  which  went  from  San  Bernardino.  He  was 
trained  at  Camp  Kearney,  and  was  sent  overseas  to  France  with  the 
Fortieth  Division.  After  the  signing  of  the  armistice  he  was  returned 
home  and  honorably  discharged.  He  belongs  to  the  local  post  of  the 
American  Legion,  and  is  a  fine  young  man,  who  stands  very  well  in 
his  community. 

George  M.  Hancock  possesses  the  characteristics  which  result  in 
successful  business  operation.  His  funiture  house  has  been  a  success 
from  the  start  because  he  has  known  how  to  so  conduct  it  as  to  meet 
the  requirements  of  his  trade  as  to  quality  and  price,  and  at  the  same 
time  to  render  a  service  that  is  second  to  none  in  the  city.  He  also 
i.s  possessed  of  social  qualities  which  make  him  a  welcome  guest  in 
the  best  circles  and  win  for  him  warm  friendships  which  are  onl}' 
terminated  by  death.  Both  he  and  Mrs.  Hancock  are  very  hospitable 
and  entertain  considerably  as  well  as  accept  numerous  invitations  to 
the  different  functions  of  their  set.  Their  children  are  a  credit  to 
them  and  their  rearing,  and  they  all  occupy  the  place  in  their  com- 
munity to  which  their  abilities  and  standing  entitle  them. 

J..  Morgan  Davisox  is  a  progressive  citizen  and  business  man  who 
has  been  an  influential  figure  in  connection  with  the  development  of 
the  Arlington  district  of  Riverside  County,  where  he  is  the  owner 
of  a  finely  improved  property  and  has  developed  an  extensive  en- 
terprise in  the  raising  of  poultry  in  a  commercial  way,  and  where  he 
also  raises  grain,  peaches  and  walnuts. 

Mr.  Davison  w^as  born  in  Clayton  Township,  Woodford  County, 
Illinois,  on  the  24th  of  October,  1864,  and  is  a  son  of  P.  H.  and  Jane 
Caroline  (File)  Davison,  both  natives  of  the  State  of  New  York  and 
both  representatives  of  sterling  families  (hat  gave  patriot  soldiers  to  the 
nation  in  the  War  nf  the  Revolulinn  :  the  File  family,  of  Holland  Dutch 
origin,  having  early  been  established  in  Rensselaer  County,  New  York. 
The  lineage  of  the  Davison  family  traces  back  to  staunch  Scotch  origin. 


SAX  BKRXARDIXT)  AXn  RI\-1':RS1DK  COUXTIES         797 

|.  Milldii  J)avisun,  srandfatliiT  of  liiin  wiuisc  name  initiates  this  review, 
was  given,  in  1838,  a  commission  as  lieutenant  of  riflemen  in  the  State 
.Militia  of  Xew  York,  and  this  commission,  bearing  the  signature  of 
Ciovernor  William  L.  Marcey,  is  now  in  tlie  possession  of  the  grandson. 
J.  Morgan  Davison,  who  likewise  treasures  a  woodcut  picture  published 
manv  years  ago  in  Frank  Leslie's  Weekly  and  showing  Mr.  Davison's 
great-great-grandfather  in  the  paternal  line,  who  was  a  fife  major  both  in 
the  Revolution  and  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  who  is  depicted,  with  a  drum- 
mer beside  him,  as  playing  "Yankee  Doodle"  while  standing  on  the  breast- 
works on  the  morning  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill. 

P.  H.  Davison  became  a  prosperous  farmer  in  Woodford  County, 
Illinois,  and  there  served  twenty  years  as  treasurer  of  Clayton  Township, 
besides  which  he  held  for  some  time  the  office  of  county  treasurer.  He 
was  an  honored  and  influential  citizen  who  was  active  in  both  political 
and  religious  activities  in  his  comniunity.  Both  he  and  his  wife  continued 
their  residence  in  Illinois  until  the  time  of  their  deaths. 

J.  Morgan  Davison  gained  his  youthful  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  county  and  in  the  Illinois  W'esleyan  University,  in  which 
he  was  graduated  as  a  member  of  the  class  of  1887  and  with  the  degree 
of  Bachelor  of  Science.  Thereafter  he  was  his  father's  assistant  in  the 
office  of  county  treasurer,  and  while  thus  engaged  he  took  the  required 
examination  and  obtained  admission  to  the  Illinois  bar.  He  has,  however, 
never  found  it  expedient  to  engage  in  the  active  practice  of  the  law.  In 
1891  he  went  to  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  and  there  he  continued  to  be 
actively  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  until  1910,  when  he  came  to 
Riverside,  California,  and  purchased  twenty  acres  of  land  in  the  beautiful 
suburban  district  of  Arlington,  where  he  has  continued  to  reside  and 
where  he  has  developed  a  valuable  property.  Here  he  conducts  an  exten- 
sive commercial  poultry  ranch,  with  special  preference  given  to  the  White 
Leghorn  type  of  poultry,  of  which  he  has  at  the  time  of  this  writing 
in  1921,  about  3,000  on  his  ranch.  He  is  a  leader  in  the  poultry  industry 
in  this  section  of  the  state,  and  in  his  enterprise  has  achieved  distinctive 
success  and  prestige.  In  the  autumn  of  1916  he  was  one  of  the  organizers 
of  the  Poultry  Producers'  Association  of  Southern  California,  of  which  he 
has  served  continuously  as  a  director  and  which  has  proved  a  valuable  co- 
operative marketing  organization  working  in  conjunction  with  the  Cali- 
fornia Market  Association.  The  Poultry  Producers'  .Association  owns  a 
well  equipped  warehouse  in  the  City  of  Los  Angeles,  where  the  eggs  are 
collected  and  where  an  efficient  manager  has  supervision  of  the  sale  of  the 
products.  In  1912  Mr.  Davi.-^on  became  one  of  the  organizers  of  the 
Poultrymen's  Co-operative  Milling  Association,  of  which  he  has  served 
continuously  as  secretary  and  treasurer,  as  well  as  a  director,  and  to  the 
affairs  of  which  he  gives  the  major  part  of  his  time  and  attention.  The 
directorate  of  this  organization  is  largely  interlocking  with  that  of  the  pre- 
viously mentioned  Poultry  Producers'  Association,  and  the  warehouses  of 
the  two,  in  Los  Angeles,  adjoin  each  other. 

As  a  staunch  and  vigorous  advocate  of  the  principles  of  the  democratic 
party  Mr.  Davison  has  been  active  and  influential  in  local  political  affairs. 
He  has  served  since  1913  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  the 
Riverside  city  school  district,  which  includes  -Arlington,  and  has  been 
Ijresident  of  the  board  since  1915.  Within  his  connection  with  educational 
afTairs  in  this  important  district  several  modern  school  buildings  have 
been  erected  in  the  same. 

Mr.  Davison  is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  the  Society 
of  the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution.  He  has  been  long  and  actively 
identified  with  the  work  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  and 


798        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

has  been  president  of  its  local  organization  in  Riverside  since  1912,  besides 
which  he  has  served  since  1918  as  a  director  of  the  California  State 
Board  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  He  is  one  of  the  influ- 
ential members  of  the  Arlington  Chamber  of  Commerce,  of  which  he  has 
served  as  president,  and  held  similar  office  in  the  Arlington  Poultry  Asso- 
ciation, of  which  he  was  one  of  the  organizers  and  which  has  been  a 
resourceful  factor  in  the  building  up  of  the  poultry  industry  in  Riverside 
and  Arlington,  the  association  having  recently  been  merged  with  the 
Riverside  County  Farm  Bureau.  While  a  resident  of  Kansas  City,  Mr. 
Davison  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Mercantile  National  Bank  of 
that  city,  of  which  he  became  a  director.  At  Riverside  he  is  a  member  of 
the  Present  Day  Club,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  are  zealous  members  of 
the  First  Baptist  Church  of  this  city.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was 
moderator  of  the  Santa  Ana  Valley  Baptist  Association,  and  during  the 
year  1916  he  was  president  of  the  California  Baptist  Convention.  He  has 
been  active  in  the  various  departments  of  church  work  and  has  given 
effective  and  prolonged  service  as  Sunday  School  superintendent. 

At  Eureka,  Illinois,  on  the  12th  of  June,  1890,  was  solemnized  the 
marriage  of  Mr.  Davison  with  Miss  Annie  S.  Murray,  who  was  born  and 
reared  in  that  state  and  whose  father,  John  M.  Murray,  was  a  representa- 
tive grain  dealer  at  Eureka.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davison  have  four  children. 
Bertha,  eldest  of  the  number,  is  the  wife  of  H.  H.  House,  chemist  for 
the  Exchange  Byproducts  Company  at  Corona,  Riverside  County,  and  they 
have  two  children — Gordon  Davison  and  William  Murray.  John  Murray 
Davison,  who  has  active  charge  of  his  father's  poultry  ranch  at  Arling- 
ton, was  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  and  was  a  college 
sophomore  at  the  time  when  the  nation  became  involved  in  the  World 
war.  He  enlisted  in  the  Marine  Corps  and  went  into  active  service  with 
the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  overseas,  his  service  with  the  allied 
Army  of  Occupation  in  Germany  having  continued  for  a  protracted  period 
after  the  signing  of  the  historic  armistice.  P.  H.  Davison,  the  younger 
son,  is  associated  in  the  management  of  the  poultry  ranch  at  Arlington. 
He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  High  School  and  of  the  Junior  College 
in  that  city.  When  xA.merica  entered  the  World  war  he  became  a  member 
of  the  Coast  Artillery  and  was  stationed  at  The  Presidio,  San  Francisco. 
After  the  receiving  of  his  honorable  discharge  he  entered  the  University 
of  California,  in  which  he  was  graduated  as  a  member  of  the  class  of 
1921  and  with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  Miss  Martha  Ellen 
Davison,  the  younger  daughter,  was  graduated  from  the  high  school  at 
Riverside,  where  she  is,  in  1921,  a  student  in  the  Junior  College. 

Louis  M.  Coy,  M.  D. — A  native  of  San  Bernardino  County,  a  young 
physician  and  surgeon  whose  qualifications  and  experience  have  met 
every  test  of  service,  Dr.  Coy  until  recently  was  superintendent  of  the 
County  Hospital,  and  did  much  to  make  this  institution  realize  the 
reputation  it  now  enjoys  as  one  of  the  best  conducted  in  California. 

He  was  born  at  Highland,  in  San  Bernardino  County,  January  6, 
1890.  His  father,  Louis  I.  Coy,  always  known  as  L.  I.  Coy,  was  a  native 
of  Illinois  and  his  great-grandfather's  wife  was  a  Peirce,  a  direct  de- 
scendant of  the  Captain  Peirce  w^ho  was  the  pilot  of  the  Mayflower  in 
her  second  voyage.  L.  I.  Coy  came  to  California  in  1887,  and  was  a 
pioneer  orange  grower  at  Highland  until  his  death.  He  was  serving 
his  third  term  as  tax  collector  of  the  county  when  he  was  accidentally 
killed  in  December,  1908.  L.  I.  Coy  married  Mary  J.  McFarland,  who 
was  born  in  Kansas  and  is  now  living  in  San  Diego.  Her  father  was 
a  native  of  Ireland. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         799 

The  first  twenty-five  years  of  his  life  Dr.  Coy  was  getting  the 
preparation  and  training  for  his  chosen  profession.  He  graduated 
from  the  San  Bernardino  High  School  in  1908,  and  for  a  year  and  a 
half  attended  Pomona  College.  He  graduated  from  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  the  University  of  Southern  California 
in  1915.  Practically  his  entire  professional  career  has  been  in  con- 
nection with  hospital  duties.  He  was  an  interne  at  the  old  County 
Hospital  and  was  then  assistant  superintendent,  later  superintendent. 
When  America  entered  the  war  he  resigned  as  superintendent  to  accept 
active  duty  in  the  Medical  Corps.  He  enlisted  in  the  orthopedic  section  of 
the  Medical  Corps  and  was  assigned  to  the  base  hospital  at  Camp  Kearney, 
where  he  was  in  service  from  March,  1918,  until  June  11,  1919.  He 
received  his  honorable  discharge  as  a  lieutenant  of  the  Medical  Corps, 
and  at  once  resumed  his  former  duties  as  superintendent  of  the  County 
Hospital.  On  July  1,  1921,  Dr.  Coy  severed  his  connection  with 
the  hospital  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  private  practice. 

Dr.  Coy  is  a  member  of  the  County,  California  State  and  American 
Medical  Associations.  He  has  filled  various  offices  in  the  Native  Sons 
of  the  Golden  West,  and  is  now  second  vice  president.  His  fraternities 
are  the  Phi  Chi  and  Elks.  His  public  service  has  been  limited  to  the 
important  duties  he  performed  as  county  hospital  superintendent. 
He  votes  as  a  republican.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  First 
Congregational  Church. 

June  15,  1915,  Dr.  Coy  married  Miss  Arline  Donaldson,  who  was 
born  in  San  Jose.  Her  father,  M.  V.  Donaldson,  is  one  of  the  promi- 
nent newspaper  men  of  California,  was  for  several  years,  until  1910, 
city  editor  of  the  San  Bernardino  Sun,  and  is  now  engaged  in  publicity 
work  in  charge  of  the  advertising  for  the  Clarkadota  fig  plantations 
and  several  other  companies.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Coy  have  one  son,  Louis 
Peirce  Coy. 

Hans  H.  Paulson  was  an  infant  at  the  time  of  his  parents'  immi- 
gration to  America  from  their  native  Denmark,  and  he  was  a  youth  of 
eighteen  at  the  time  of  the  family  removal  to  California,  and  here,  through 
his  own  ability  and  well  ordered  efforts,  he  has  won  substantial  success 
and  developed  a  prosperous  ranch  enterprise  in  Riverside  County.  While 
he  honors  the  sturdy  traditions  and  customs  of  his  native  land,  he  has 
known  no  other  country  than  the  United  States  and  stands  representative 
of  the  deepest  and  most  loyal  Americanism. 

Mr.  Paulson  was  born  in  Denmark  on  the  27th  of  July,  1872,  and 
in  the  same  year  his  parents  came  with  their  children  to  the  United 
States.  He  is  a  son  of  John  and  Hancine  Paulson,  both  representatives 
of  sterling  old  Danish  ancestry.  John  Paulson  was  born  in  October, 
1839,  received  the  advantages  of  excellent  schools  in  his  native  land,  and 
prior  to  leaving  Denmark  he  had  been  for  some  time  the  incumbent  of  a 
position  in  a  military  school.  His  desire  to  afford  to  his  children  better 
advantages  than  were  promised  in  his  native  land  led  him  to  sever  the 
ties  which  bound  him  to  the  fair  Norseland,  and  after  arriving  in  the 
United  States  he  made  his  way  to  Iowa,  where  he  purchased  a  tract 
of  land  near  Waterloo  and  instituted  the  reclamation  and  development 
of  a  farm.  His  energy  and  good  management  brought  to  him  a  goodly 
measure  of  success  within  the  passing  years,  and  he  gained  in  the  Hawk- 
eye  State  the  financial  independence  for  which  he  had  hoped  when  he 
set  forth  for  this  land  of  promise.  In  1890  Mr.  Paulson  sold  his  prop- 
erty in  Iowa  and  came  with  his  family  to  California.  He  acquired  a 
small  tract  of  land  near  Riverside,  and  in  caring  for  his  orange  grove  ' 


800         SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES 

and  gardens  he  found  ample  demand  fur  h\s  lime  and  attention,  besides 
finding  his  fruit-growing  and  horticuhin-al  arlivities  a  medium  of  finanrial 
jirofit.  He  remained  in  iiis  pleasant  suburban  home  until  his  dealh 
in  1902,  and  his  venerable  widow  still  survives  him. 

Hans  H.  Paulson  passed  the  period  of  his  childhood  and  early  youth 
on  the  old  home  farm  in  Iowa.  He  came  to  California  with  his  parents, 
and  shortly  afterwards  began  to  work  by  the  day  on  ranches  in  this 
district  of  the  state,  and  for  thirteen  years  he  was  employed  by  the 
firm  of  Pattie  &  Letts,  in  connection  with  the  care  of  their  many  citrus- 
fruit  groves  in  Riverside  County.  Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  his 
wages  were  far  from  being  large,  Mr.  Paulson  was  frugal  and  economical 
and  gradually  added  to  his  savings  until  he  was  able  to  purchase  a  tract 
of  land  at  the  corner  of  North  Monroe  and  Colorado  streets.  Riverside, 
where  he  has  developed  a  fine  property  and  won  substantial  success  in 
the  growing  of  grain  and  alfalfa  and  the  conducting  of  a  dairy  business 
with  a  herd  of  fine  cows.  He  has  made  excellent  imi^rovements  on  his 
place,  and  here  has  one  of  the  attractive  homes  of  the  beautiful  Riverside 
district.  The  gum  and  pepper  trees  which  he  planted  about  his  house 
have  grown  to  splendid  proportions  and  add  materially  to  the  beauty  of 
the  home. 

In  politics  Mr.  Paulson  maintains  an  independent  attitude,  and  he  has 
ever  shown  loyal  interest  in  community  affairs  of  a  public  order.  He 
served  eight  years  as  deputy  assessor  of  Riverside  County,  under  the 
administration  of  W.  F.  Montague.  He  has  indentified  himself  actively 
with  the  local  Farm  Bureau  and  its  work,  is  aftiliated  with  the  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Fraternal  Brotherhood,  and  both  he  and 
his  wife  are  earnest  communicants  of  the  Lutheran  Church. 

At  Riverside,  on  the  8th  of  January,  1894,  Mr.  Paulson  wedded  Miss 
Ellen  Ringsburg,  and  of  their  four  children  three  are  living:  Paul  A., 
who  was  born  in  1897,  is  now  employed  as  a  tractor  operator  in  River- 
side County ;  Walter,  born  in  1899,  is  employed  in  the  shops  of  the  Santa 
Fe  Railroad  Company  at  San  Bernardino ;  and  Mildred  is  a  student  in 
the  public  schools  of  Riverside.  Dorothy,  who  was  born  in  1903,  died 
at  the  age  of  nine  years. 

Henry  A.  Guernsey.  The  hfe  story  of  Henry  A.  Guernsey  is  a  most 
unusual  one  and  full  of  interest,  for  he  assisted  in  making  history  of 
the  United  States  when  he  was  a  young  boy.  The  account  of  his  life 
in  the  East  reads  like  romance,  and  he  served  his  country  well  and  long 
and  he  took  up  the  burdens  of  life  as  a  child,  becoming  acquainted  with 
the  painful  problems  of  existence  at  an  age  when  boys  usually  are  play- 
ing marbles.  But  he  had  a  definite  object  in  view  and  was  determined  to 
make  his  life  a  success,  and  he  never  lost  sight  of  his  objective  all  through 
the  stress  and  storms  of  his  early  boyhood.  He  made  a  success  of  his 
first  position,  of  his  fighting  in  the  wars,  not  only  in  material  things 
but  in  the  higher  success  not  measured  by  figures.  And  since  his  resi- 
dence in  San  Bernardino  Mr.  Guernsey  has  achieved  a  like  success, 
financially  and  in  all  ways.  He  has  met  with  los.ses  but  has  never  suffered 
atrophy  of  that  strong  will  power  of  his,  and  he  seems  to  make  each 
disaster  the  stepping  stone  to  greater  success. 

As  the  pioneer  box  manufacturer  of  the  state,  as  one  of  the  pioneer 
lumbermen,  in  his  forty-three  years  of  life  in  San  Bernardino,  Mr.  Guern- 
sey has  shown  himself  a  man  of  dauntless  purpose  and  energy,  with  a 
quiet  determination  to  do  his  part  in  the  business  and  civic  affairs  of 
his  home  city.  No  man  stands  higher  in  the  opinion  of  his  associates, 
for  his  unalterable  principles  of   rectitude   were   early   established   with 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         801 

tlic'iii  and  ill  liis  ^irclnl  relations  lie  i>  i<no\vn  as  a  most  trustworlliy  friend, 
in  fact,  an  all  around  100  per  cent  man. 

Mr.  Guernsey  was  born  in  Tioga  Comity,  rciiiisylvania,  June  1'*, 
1844,  Ihe  son  of  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  ilis  fallicr  was  killed  in  a 
railroad  accident  and  was  sujierintendcnt  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Henry 
A.  Guernsey  had  attended  school  only  two  years  at  that  time.  His  older 
brother  was  a  baggageman  on  the  railroad,  and  lived  at  home  with  his 
mother.  The  wife  of  an  engineer  on  the  railroad  was  a  very  finely  edu- 
cated woman  and  a  great  friend  of  Mrs.  Guernsey  and  she  persuaded 
her  to  allow  Henry  to  become  an  inmate  of  her  home,  where  she  could 
give  him  an  education.  This  was  finally  agreed  to  and  the  boy  thus 
secured  an  education. 

By  way  of  recreation  the  engineer  used  to  take  Henry  on  round  trips 
on  the  engine.  He  was  then,  as  always,  a  keen  observer  and  he  soon 
learned  to  run  the  engine  as  well  as  the  engineer.  The  latter  was  killed 
in  an  accident ;  the  road  was  very  short  of  engineers ;  and,  accordingly, 
they  had  to  have  some.  So  Mr.  Guernsey  was  given  a  position  as  one, 
but  in  a  peculiar  way.  The  fireman  was  the  ostensible  engineer,  in  charge 
of  the  engine,  with  half  the  pay  of  an  engineer,  but  the  boy  ran  the  engine 
and  received  the  ])av  of  a  fireman.  He  was  far  too  young  to  be  listed 
as  an  engineer,  so  he  had  to  be  camouflaged  this  way. 

He  remained  in  this  position  until  1857,  when  he  moved  with  his 
mother  to  Mitchell  County,  Iowa,  and  located  on  a  claim  of  160  acres 
which  Mrs.  Guernsey  had  purchased.  Hard  work  and  lots  of  it  con- 
fronted the  boy,  but  he  was  not  even  then  afraid  to  tackle  the  seemingly 
impossible,  and  he  soon  had  fifty  acres,  which  had  been  broken  on  the 
ranch,  put  into  corn.  This  was  all  hand  work,  sowed  by  hand,  with  no 
machinery  of  any  kind.  The  next  year  he  ploughed  this  land  and  hand 
sowed  it  to  grain.  It  was  a  big  job  for  a  young  boy.  He  kept  right  on 
improving  the  place,  but  in  1861  the  Sioux  Indian  troubles  broke  out 
and  he,  with  manv  others,  droppd  all  work  to  participate,  as  they  were 
all  enlisted  in  the  state  service.  They  went  north  to  fight  the  Indians, 
and  Mr.  Guernsey  had  to  leave  100  acres  of  grain  in  shock  when  he 
answered  the  call  to  arms. 

As  history  records,  the  Indians  were  all  either  killed  or  captured  and 
c«/  the  latter  every  one  was  hanged.  After  this  the  expedition  returned 
home,  but  as  Mr.  Guernsey  was  also  enlisted  in  the  national  service  he 
was  at  once  sent  to  the  South  as  a  member  of  Company  K,  27th  Iowa 
Regiment,  under  Captain  C.  T.  Granger.  He  .saw  active  service  until 
the  end  of  the  war  and  he  was  at  Fort  Donalson  at  the  time  of  capture 
and  in  many  of  the  nc^ed  battles  of  the  Civil  war.  His  company  belonged 
to  the  Smith  Guerillas  of  the  16th  Army  Corps,  and  was  kept  for  rein- 
forcements, and  as  they  were  always  in  demand  he  served  under  many 
of  the  famous  generals  of  the  war.  He  was  wounded  four  times  bv 
bullets  and  once  by  a  bayonet  wound  through  his  leg.  It  is  almost  need- 
less to  say  that  a  little  thing  like  that  did  not  stop  him,  for  he  never 
applied  for  relief  or  to  go  to  the  hospital  but  just  kept  right  on  fighting. 
That  is  the  keynote  to  his  character,  the  fearless  mind  and  the  fighting 
heart,  the  fidelity  to  duty  no  matter  what  the  cost  to  himself. 

After  the  war  was  over  he  returned  to  Iowa  and  farmed  there  until 
the  year  1869,  and  that  winter  he  started  West  by  stage,  his  goal,  the 
Puget  Sound  country.  Rut  fate  took  a  hand,  for  the  stage  could  not  get 
through  owing  to  the  high  water  in  the  Willamette  River,  so  he  stopped 
at  Eugene,'  Oregon,  where  he  lived  for  some  years.  In  1874  he  moved 
opposite  Astoria,  Oregon,  and  ran  a  sawmill  for  three  years.  But  in 
1877  the  health  of  his  wife  began  to  fail  and  he  decided  to  come  to  South- 


802         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ern  California  and  he  did  so,  locating  iy  San  Bernardino.  But  it  was  too 
late  to  help  her  much,  and  she  passed  on  in  the  following  year. 

Mr.  Guernsey  at  first  went  to  work  in  the  lumbering  business,  but 
very  soon  purcha.sed  the  plant.  He  also  established  the  first  box  factory 
in  the  district.  He  made  the  first  20,000  boxes  for  orange  shipments  in 
the  state.  He  has  been  burned  out  several  limes,  but  it  is  unnecessary  to 
state  that  he  has  always  rebuilt  and  started  over  again. 

Mr.  Guernsey  married  October  3,  1876,  Theisa  McFarland,  a 
daughter  of  John  McFarland.  They  had  two  sons :  Peter  B.,  married 
and  living  at  Herinosa  Beach,  where  he  has  served  as  mayor ;  and  Roy 
T.,  a  millwright  living  in  San  Bernardino,  married  and  has  one  child, 
a  son. 

Mrs.  Guernsey  died  in  1878,  and  he  married  Linna  Bailey,  a  daughter 
of  John  Bailey,  of  Pennsylvania.  They  have  one  daughter,  Ruth  L. 
Guernsey. 

Mr.  Guernsey  is  a  republican  in  politics  but  has  never  desired  any 
public  ofifice.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church.  He  was  a 
charter  member  of  the  ^\■oodmen  of  the  World  Camp  in  San  Bernardino 
and  was  also  a  charter  member  of  the  National  Union. 

Henry  Goodcell,  Jr.,  attorney  of  San  Bernardino,  is  a  son  of  one 
of  the  real  pioneers  of  the  city,  a  man  who  suffered  many  unexpected 
and  adverse  strokes  of  fortune  but,  inflexible  in  purpose,  made  his  own 
hour  of  opportunity.  His  sterling  qualities  were  transmitted  to  his 
descendants. 

Henry  Goodcell,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Dover,  England,  November  23,  1848, 
the  son  of  Henry  and  Harriet  (Birch)  Goodcell.  Henry  Goodcell,  Sr., 
was  born  September  26,  1823,  at  Nonenglon,  a  county  parish  about  ten 
miles  north  of  Dover.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  sea 
captain,  serving  before  the  mast  and  afterward  for  six  years  was  mate. 

In  1853  he  came  to  the  United  States,  locating  in  Utah.  In  England 
he  had  accepted  the  Mormon  faith  from  Mormon  missionaries,  but  when 
he  arrived  in  Utah  he  found  the  practices  were  not  in  conformity  with 
what  he  had  been  led  to  believe,  so  he  refused  to  join  the  church  here. 
He  started  farming  in  Utah,  and  of  course  had  a  hard  time.  The  first 
two  years  his  crops  failed,  but  the  third  year  was  a  little  better,  and  by 
the  most  rigid  economy  he  was  enabled  to  save  enough  produce  to  trade 
for  a  team  of  horses,  and  in  1857,  with  a  train  of  ten  wagons,  started 
for  California. 

He  reached  San  Bernardino  in  May,  1857,  and  purchased  and  improved 
a  farm,  but  ill  luck  still  followed  him  and  floods  destroyed  all  of  his  im- 
provements in  1861.  Other  misfortunes  followed,  and  it  seemed  none 
of  his  ventures  were  to  be  successful.  One  son,  Hiram,  was  accidentally 
killed.  But  he  never  lost  his  grip  and,  undismayed,  he  stuck  to  his  guns 
and  eventually  developed  a  fine  property.  In  1867  he  established  a  brick 
yard  and  built  up  a  large  business. 

In  1847  he  married  Miss  Harriet  Birch,  and  their  children  were: 
Henry,  Jr.;  Harriet,  deceased;  Hiram,  deceased;  Mary,  the  widow  of 
Edward  H.  Dunford,  of  San  Bernardino;  William  and  Margaret,  both 
deceased. 

Henry  Goodcell,  Jr.,  came  with  his  parents  to  San  Bernardino  and 
attended  the  public  school,  and  also  the  private  school  of  J.  C.  P.  Allsop. 
In  1866  he  started  teaching  in  the  public  schools,  and  then  attended  the 
State  Normal  School  of  San  Jose,  whence  he  was  graduated  in  the  spring 
of  1873,  the  first  Normal  School  graduate  from  San  Bernardino  County. 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        803 

III  the  fall  of  1873  he  was  electcfl  county  school  superintendent,  and  held 
the  position  for  two  years,  at  the  same  time  acting  as  principal  of  the  San 
Bernardino  city  schools. 

During  this  time  he  had  hccn  studying  law,  and  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1875.  He  formed  a  partnership  with  A.  B.  Paris  and  also  served 
as  clerk  of  the  County  Court,  was  assistant  in  the  district  attorney's 
oi^ce  one  year  and  later  was  appointed  district  attorney,  serving  the 
remainder  of  the  term.  In  the  meantime  his  partnership  with  Mr.  Paris 
was  dissolved,  but  was  resumed  and  continued  until  1888.  He  afterward 
was  in  partnership  with  F.  A.  Leonard  until  1896,  when  he  moved  to 
Oakland,  California.  In  1901  he  returned  to  San  Bernardino,  and  has 
since  been  in  practice  here.    His  practice  is  entirely  civil. 

He  married  in  1875  Minnie  A.  Bennett,  of  El  Dorado  County,  Cali- 
fornia, a  schoolmate  at  the  Normal  School.  She  died  in  1886,  leaving 
three  sons :  Roscoe  A.,  of  Los  Angeles,  secretary  of  the  educational 
department  of  the  Y.  \\'.  C.  A. ;  Rex  B.,  superior  judge  of  San  Bernardino 
County  ;  Fred,  who  was  news  editor  of  the  San  Francisco  Bulletin,  and 
until  recently,  editor  of  the  Salt  Lake  Telegram.  In  1889  Mr.  Goodcell 
married  Mary  H.  Bennett,  a  sister  of  his  former  wife,  and  also  a  teacher 
by  profession. 

Mr.  Goodcell  is  attorney  for  several  water  companies  and  specializes 
in  irrigation  law.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows  and  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  836,  B.  P.  O.  E. 

He  is  aifiliated  with  the  Unitarian  Church.  In  politics  he  is  a  repub- 
lican. 

Rex  B.  Goodcell.  According  to  the  firm  belief  of  every  Californian, 
whether  adopted  or  born  here.  Judge  Rex  B.  Goodcell,  of  San  Bernardino, 
could  not  have  asked  for  a  life  commenced  under  happier  auspices.  A 
native  son,  born  in  the  city,  he  has  always  made  his  home  here.  His 
father  and  his  grandfather  were  both  pioneers  of  the  early  days.  What 
more  could  a  man  ask  ?  Many  might  say  that  it  is  inherited  talents  which 
so  admirably  qualify  him  for  his  position  on  the  bench,  for  his  father 
and  grandfather  ranked  with  the  finest  minds.  His  father  occupied  a 
prominent  position  as  an  attorney  from  his  first  appearance  as  such,  and 
today  is  second  to  none  in  the  profession.  Thoroughly  grounded  in  the 
law,  Judge  Goodcell  by  constant  study  of  legal  lore,  participation  in  liti- 
gation where  intricate  questions  were  involved,  won  swift  recognition 
in  the  profession  where  promotion  is  slowly  gained,  so  hardly  won. 

Rex  B.  Goodcell  was  born  in  San  Bernardino,  September  15,  1880,  the 
son  of  Henry  Goodcell,  Jr..  and  Minnie  A.  (  Bennett )  Goodcell.  He  at- 
tended the  public  school  and  then  started  his  study  of  the  law  in  his 
father's  office  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  15,  1901.  He  went  to 
Oakland,  California,  and  practiced  there  until  1903,  when  he  returned  to 
his  birthplace  and  practiced,  forming  a  partnership  with  his  father  and 
continuing  in  this  until  December,  1908.  He  next  entered  the  district 
attorney's  ofiice  as  deputy  under  W.  E.  Byrne. 

In  1910  he  was  elected  district  attorney,  and  served  until  January, 
1915,  when  he  returned  to  practice  with  his  father.  In  1918  he  was  elected 
superior  judge  of  San  Bernardino  County  for  the  six  year  term,  and  is 
now  occupying  that  position  to  the  satisfaction  of  everyone.  He  is  con- 
ceded to  be  fair,  impartial  and  wise  in  his  decisions,  his  findings  always 
according  to  the  law  and  the  evidence. 

Judge  Goodcell  took  a  prominent  part  in  political  affairs  on  behalf 
of  the  republican  party,  serving  on  the  County  and  State  Central  com- 
mittees and  campaigning  in  all  the  western  states  for  the  party. 


R04         SAN  BERXARDIXO  AND  R1\'ERSIDE  COUXTIES 

.]iulj.;c  (ioodccll  is  a  most  s^cnial  character,  (lilTusin;:;  the  Ejospel  of 
kindliness  as  well  as  the  eternal  principles  of  justice.  He  has  hosts  of 
friends  and  is  popular  with  all  "classes  and  conditions"  of  men.  His 
bouyant  optimism  is  a  characteristic  and  as  a  camjiaigner  he  is  noted. 
Clean  cut.  he  carries  conviction  and  has  the  faculty  o{  lousing  the  thoutrht 
of  others  to  his  own.  He  was  twice  head  of  the  San  Bernardino  Chamber 
of  Commerce  and  materially  assisted  in  building  up  the  membership  from 
300  to  more  than  1,000. 

He  was  married  January  10,  1905,  to  Helen  Harmon  Knappe,  also 
a  native  of  San  Bernardino  and  a  daughter  of  Dexter  and  Fannie  Knappe. 
They  have  one  child,  Rex  Harmon  Goodcell. 

In  1916  Judge  Goodcell  was  elected  grand  worthy  president  of  the 
Fraternal  Order  of  l-"agles.  His  other  fraternal  associations  are  as  a 
member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  F. ;  Knights  of 
Pythias;  San  Bernardino  Parlor  No.  110,  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden 
West,  Phoenix  Lodge  No.  178,  .A..  F.  and  .\.  M. ;  Los  Angeles  Consistorv 
No.  3,  A.  and  A.  S.  R. 

MiCH.\EL  xA.  Murphy,  who  now  resides  in  a  most  attractive  home 
on  his  tine  orange  ranch  in  the  Highgrove  district  of  Riverside  County, 
has  been  a  resident  of  California  nearly  half  a  century,  has  been  con- 
cerned with  enterprises  of  broad  scope  and  importance,  has  done  his 
part  in  the  advancement  of  the  civic  and  material  development  of  the 
state,  and  has  been  a  citizen  of  prominence  and  influence.  That  there 
are  many  interesting  incidents  in  his  long  and  vigorous  career  as  one 
of  the  world's  constructive  workers  needs  no  further  voucher  than 
the  data  that  shall  appear  in  this  all  to  brief  review,  which,  it  is  hoped, 
may  offer  a  consistent  tribute  to  a  man  of  thought  and  action,  a  citizen 
of  sterling  worth  and  a  constructive  genius  of  much  initiative  ability. 
Mr.  Murphy  is  a  big  man  and  has  proved  himself  capable  of  achieving 
big  things. 

Michael  A.  Murphy  was  born  at  Waukegan,  now  one  of  the  beauti- 
ful suburbs  of  the  City  of  Chicago,  Illinois,  on  the  15th  of  April,  1847, 
and  is  a  son  of  John  and  Bridget  (Rogers)  Murphy,  both  of  whom 
were  born  in  Ireland,  though  their  acquaintanceship  was  formed  and 
their  marriage  solemnized  in  Chicago.  John  Murphy  was  a  pioneer 
of  the  present  great  metropolis  at  the  foot  of  Lake  Michigan.  He 
made  his  appearance  in  Chicago  in  the  year  1829,  when  the  future 
city  was  little  more  than  a  frontier  trading  post,  and  he  obtained  a  tract 
of  land  and  engaged  in  farm  enterprise  in  Waukegan,  where  he  reared 
his  children,  of  whom  Michael  A.  was  the  seventh  in  order  of  birth. 
John  Murphy  was  a  man  of  fine  mental  equipment,  righteous  and 
sincere  in  all  of  the  relations  of  life,  and  was  long  an  influential  figure 
in  the  community  which  represented  his  home  and  the  stage  of  his 
productive  activities.  He  was  nearly  ninety  years  of  age  at  the  time 
of  his  death,  his  wife  having  preceded  him  to  the  life  eternal,  and 
she  likewise  having  attained  to  advanced  age.  Both  were  devout 
communicants  of  the  Catholic  Church. 

Michael  A.  Murphy  was  afforded  the  advantage  of  the  common 
schools  of  Illinois  and'  also  those  of  the  College  of  St.  Mary's  of  the 
Lake,  after  leaving  which  he  completed  a  course  and  was  graduated 
in  the  Eastern  national  Business  College  at  Poughkeepsie,  New  York. 
In  1866  he  became  bookkeeper  for  John  McEwen,  who  was  then  one 
of  the  leading  contractors  and  builders  in  the  City  of  Chicago  and  he 
continued  in  this  service  until  the  great  Chicago  fire  of  1871,  the 
fiftieth  anniversary  of  which  is  being  celebrated  in  elaborate  memorial 


"-^.^ez/?^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         805 

ceremonials  in  the  great  metropolis  at  the  time  this  sketch  is  in  prep- 
aration, in  the  autumn  of  1921.  Mr.  Murphy  gained  from  personal 
experience  full  comprehension  of  the  havoc  wrought  by  the  historic 
fire,  and  did  his  part  in  the  material  and  business  rehabilitation  of  the 
city.  He  formed  a  partnership  with  Owen  Laubach  and  they  con- 
ducted a  successful  hardwood-lumber  business  in  Chicago  during  the 
early  reconstruction  period,  about  two  years  having  represented  the 
duration  of  this  partnership  alliance  in  Chicago.  In  1873  Mr.  Murphy 
sold  his  interest  in  the  business  and  went  to  Silver  City,  New  Mexico, 
where  he  became  a  pioneer  in  the  silver-mining  industry  and  where 
he  erected  the  first  reverberatory  smelting  works  established  in  that 
territory.  It  was  necessary  to  use  sandstone  instead  of  fire  brick  in 
the  construction  of  these  great  smelting  furnaces,  but  the  material 
proved  unequal  to  the  heat  test  and  Mr.  Murphy  lost  the  money  which 
he  had  put  into  the  project.  His  financial  resources  were  thus  reduced 
to  the  minimum,  and  in  the  autumn  of  1874  he  came  to  San  Diego, 
California,  and  found  employment  as  a  miner.  For  three  months  he 
worked  in  the  Ready  Relief  Mine  at  Julian,  San  Diego  County,  whence 
he  went  to  San  Bernardino,  and  finally  he  made  his  way  to  Los 
Angeles,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  Perry,  Woodworth  &  Com- 
pany and  was  assigned  to  the  tallying  of  lumber  at  San  Pedro.  Later 
he  became  a  salesman  in  the  lumber  yards  of  the  firm,  and  on  the  10th 
of  October,  1875,  he  was  sent  by  the  concern  to  Colton,  San  Bernardino 
county,  to  open  the  first  redwood  and  Oregon  pine  lumber  yards  in 
the  county.  Upon  the  death  of  Wallace  Woodworth  in  1882  Mr.  Perry, 
the  surviving  principal  of  the  firm,  incorporated  the  W.  H.  Perry 
Lumber  &  Mill  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Murphy  became  a  stockholder, 
his  association  with  the  company  having  thus  continued  until  its 
corporate  charter  was  resigned  many  years  later,  in  1903. 

In  1886  Mr.  Murphy  efTected  the  organization  and  incorporation 
of  the  Pioneer  Lumber' &  Mill  Company,  of  which  he  became  presi- 
dent and  general  manager,  this  company  having  conducted  substantial 
operations  in  San  Bernardino  and  Riverside  counties  and  also  in  a 
part  of  Los  Angeles  County.  Mr.  Murphy  continued  as  the  executive 
head  of  this  company  until  its  charter  of  incorporation  was  resigned 
likewise  in  the  year  1903. 

During  all  of  these  years  of  constructive  activity  Mr.  Murphy  was 
extensively  engaged  also  in  real-estate  and  agricultural  operations  in 
Riverside  and  San  Bernardino  counties,  and  he  thus  made  large  and 
valuable  contribution  to  the  civic  and  industrial  advancement  of  this 
section  of  the  state.  In  1896  he  purchased  a  substantial  block  of  the 
California  Portland  Cement  Company  at  Colton,  reorganized  the  coni- 
pany  and  assumed  charge  of  the  business.  He  was  the  first  man  in 
California  to  manufacture  Portland  cement  and  place  it  on  the  market 
in  a  commercial  way.  In  this  enterprise  he  had  to  face  the  vigorous 
commercial  opposition  of  strong  and  well  established  companies 
that  were  importing  foreign  cements,  the  only  kind  used  in  California 
up  to  that  time.  Mr.  Murphy  instituted  a  vigorous  and  well  ordered 
campaign,  and  his  enterprise  was  made  .successful  from  the  start,  the 
cement  products  of  the  company  finding  sale  throughout  all  parts 
of  Southern  CaTTfornia.  In  1900  "Mr.  Murphy  sold  his  interest  in  this 
large  and  prosperous  business  and  allied  himself  with  the  Treadwells, 
of  the  Treadwell  Associated  Mining  Company  of  Alaska,  and  their 
associates,  W.  J-  Rartnett  and  J.  Delzell  Brown,  in  the  California  Safe 
Deposit  &  Trust  Company  of  San  Francisco,  in  the  project  of  erecting 
a  large  cement  manufacturing  plant  on  the  Telsa  Coal  Company's  land 


806         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

in  Alameda  County.  After  a  careful  and  diligent  survey  of  the  proper- 
ties Mr.  Murphy  discovered  that  the  requisite  materials  were  not 
present  in  sufficient  volume  to  justify  the  establishing  of  a  cement 
plant,  but  found  on  the  lands  very  large  deposits  of  kaolin  and  clays 
well  adapted  for  the  manufacture  of  architectural  terra  cotta,  fire  brick, 
face  brick,  sewer  pipe,  etc.  As  a  result  of  the  investigation  the  Carne- 
gie Brick  &  Pottery  Company  was  organized  and  incorporated  with  a 
capital  stock  of  $2,500,000.  The  plant  was  erected  and  its  operation  was 
continued  successfully  during  a  period  of  five  years,  with  Mr.  Murphy 
as  president  and  general  manager  of  the  company.  During  the  year 
of  the  great  earthquake  and  fire  in  San  Francisco,  and  also  during 
the  following  year,  the  factory  of  this  company,  the  largest  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  at  that  time,  did  a  business  of  $1,250,000  a  year.  While 
San  Francisco  was  still  burning  Mr.  Murphy  was  called  upon  by  the 
relief  committee  to  construct  barracks  and  refugee  houses  for  sufferers 
who  were  homeless.  Ife  proceeded  at  once,  under  the  instructions  of 
General  Funston  and  Major  Mclvor,  to  commandeer  all  the  lumber 
that  was  still  to  be  had  and  all  vessels  arriving  in  port,  and  with  5000 
carpenters,  teamsters  and  laborers  completed  m  eleven  days  the 
barracks  to  house  23,000  homeless  in  Golden  Gate  Park,  and  for  which 
he  was  complimented  both  by  General  Funston  and  Major  Mclvor 
for  the  magnificent  manner  with  which  he  accomplished  this  work. 

During  the  period  of  successful  commercial  activity  on  the  part 
of  the  Carnegie  Brick  &  Pottery  Company,  the  managers  of  the  Cali- 
fornia Safe  Deposit  &  Trust  Company  were  likewise  interested  principals 
in  the  Carnegie  Company,  and  were  successful  in  bringing  the  Western 
Pacific  Railroad  to  the  Coast  and  selling  all  of  the  terminals  and  rails 
of  the  Alameda  &  San  Joaquin  Railroad,  which  gave  the  Western 
Pacific  entrance  to  Oakland  and  Alameda  estuary,  and  thence  to  San 
Francisco.  Mr.  Murphy  became  largely  interested  as  a  stockholder 
in  the  banking  institution  mentioned,  and  in  1906-7,  through  manipu- 
lations that  are  now  a  part  of  California  financial  history  and  that  con- 
stitute a  dark  chapter  in  that  history,  the  bank  was  looted  of  the 
assets  of  all  depositors,  its  failure  in  1907  entailing  a  gigantic  loss, 
fully  $16,000,000.  In  this  crash  Mr.  Murphy  lost  the  major  portion 
of  his  fortune. 

In  1911  Mr.  Murphy  returned  to  Los  Angeles,  where  he  had  long 
maintained  a  home  and  where  he  still  owns  his  fine  residence  property 
on  Figuerora  Street.  He  continued  to  reside  in  Los  Angeles  until 
1916,  when  he  returned  to  his  orange  grove  in  Riverside  County,  in 
the  Highgrove  section,  where  he  is  now  living  in  semi-retirement,  con- 
tent to  live  quietly  after  the  rush  and  manifold  cares  of  former  years 
of  splendid  activity,  and  taking  satisfaction  in  having  his  home  in  the 
section  of  California  which  he  had  previously  helped  to  develop  and 
build.  His  idyllic  orchard  estate  at  Highgrove  comprises  sixty  acres, 
all  planted  to  navel  oranges,  and  the  products  of  the  place  he  ships 
through  the  Alta  Cresta  packing  house. 

While  a  resident  of  Colton  Mr.  Murphy  was  a  stockholder  and 
director  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  that  place  and  served  as  city 
trustee  from  its  incorporation  until  he  took  up  his  residence  in  San 
Francisco.  In  earlier  years  of  residence  at  Riverside  he  was  one  of 
the  organizers  of  the  Riverside  Highland  Water  Company  and  he 
served  as  president  of  the  same  until  his  removal  to  San  Francisco. 

The  political  allegiance  of  Mr.  Murphy  was  given  to  the  democratic 
party,  and  he  was  active  in  its  councils  and  campaign  work,  served 
as  a  member  of  county  and  state  central  committees  and  repeatedly  was 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        807 

a  delegate  to  county  and  state  conventions  of  the  party  in  California 
until  the  first  election  of  Grover  Cleveland  to  the  presidency,  when 
he  transferred  his  allegiance  to  the  republican  party,  in  the  ranks  of 
which  he  has  since  continued  to  be  aligned.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
directors  of  the  Southern  California  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  and  re- 
tained this  ofifice  eight  years,  under  the  administrations  of  Governors 
Waterman  and  Alarkham.  Mr.  Murphy  as  a  young  man  became  a 
lieutenant  in  the  San  Bernardino  cavalry  regiment  of  the  California 
National  Guard,  unattached,  and  later  he  was  commissioned  a  major 
by  Governor  Stoneman.  It  is  worthy  of  record  that  Mr.  Murphy 
raised,  on  the  Agua  Mansa  stock  farm,  near  the  cement  plant  at  Colton, 
some  of  the  fastest  standard-bred  horses  ever  produced  in  California, 
he  having  been  president  of  the  cement  company  at  this  time. 

In  Solano  County,  on  the  15th  of  April,  1879,  was  solemnized  the 
marriage  of  Mr.  Murphy  with  Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Young,  who  was 
born  and  reared  in  California,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Edmund  Young,  who 
was  a  leading  physician  in  the  City  of  Oakland. 

William  Hale  Reed,  of  San  Bernardino,  has  been  an  integral  part 
of  the  civic  and  social  life  of  the  city  for  a  number  of  years,  both  com- 
mercially and  professionally.  While  the  World  war  was  going  on  he  was 
one  of  the  most  active  workers  in  every  way,  giving  time  and  money  and 
neglecting  his  own  affairs  for  the  great  cause.  As  a  business  man  he  is 
well  known  not  only  here  but  over  the  state  and  in  the  East,  and  he 
is  without  doubt  the  best  known  and  most  popular  notary  public  in  San 
Bernardino  County. 

Mr.  Reed  was  born  in  the  town  of  Crystal  Lake,  Illinois,  May  8, 
1878,  the  son  of  Eliphaz  and  Mary  Jennie  (Rinehart)  Reed.  His  father 
was  a  native  of  Illinois  and  his  mother  of  Pennsylvania.  His  father 
was  a  farmer  while  in  the  East,  but  he  retired  in  1900  and  came  to  San 
Bernardino.  After  a  life  full  of  activity  he  was  not  contented  to  live 
in  idleness,  so  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  Sante  Fe,  retiring  in  1915. 
With  his  wife  he  is  now  living  in  San  Bernardino,  enjoying  life. 

William  Hale  Reed  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  until  eleven 
years  of  age  and  then  at  Alma,  Harlan  County,  Illinois,  where  he  com- 
pleted his  education  in  the  grade  and  High  School.  Upon  the  completion 
of  his  studies  he  went  into  the  grain  business  and  for  four  years  and  a 
half  continued  in  it  in  Alma,  Greeley  Center,  David  City  and  other  places. 

In  the  spring  of  1901  he  came  to  San  Bernardino,  where  his  parents 
were  living.  For  a  short  tiine  he  was  employed  by  the  Santa  Fe  Rail- 
road Company,  but  he  soon  went  into  the  hardware  and  plumbing  business 
under  the  name  of  W.  G.  Ross  &  Company.  In  1908  he  sold  out  and 
started  in  the  real  estate  business,  in  which  he  has  continued  ever  since. 
In  addition  to  this  he  also  handles  insurance  and  acts  as  resident  agent 
for  non-resident  owners.  He  is  also  a  notary  public,  probably  the  best 
known  in  the  county. 

Mr.  Reed  is  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  National  Farm  Loan  Asso- 
ciation. He  was  one  of  the  framers  of  the  city  charter  of  San  Bernardino. 

He  assisted  in  organizing  the  San  Bernardino  Realty  Board,  and  was 
one  of  the  most  active  members  in  that  organization,  serving  as  its  first 
president  in  1920-21. 

During  the  war  he  was  very  active  in  every  way  and  was  the  official 
registrar  for  all  the  laboring  men  that  were  sent  from  the  district.  He 
gave  most  liberally  of  both  time  and  money  to  all  activities  and  now  holds 
a  certificate  of  honor  for  his  work  in  the  liberty  loan  campaigns.  Mr. 
Reed  married  June  12,  1912,  Annie  L.  Williams,  of  Virginia,  a  daughter 


808         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  Washington  Bailey  Williams,  a  jjioneer  of  that  state.  During  the 
Civil  war  Mr.  Williams  was  a  soldier  in  the  Confederate  Army.  He 
and  one  daughter,  Mrs.  Alice  Martha  Hayes,  are  residing  at  Bristol, 
Tennes.see. 

Mr.  Reed  is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge,  No.  290,  I.  O.  O.  F. 
He  is  a  democrat  in  his  politics,  and  while  living  in  Greeley,  Nebraska, 
was  appointed  city  clerk.  Mr.  Reed  is  aftiliated  with  the  Christian  Science 
Church. 

Geor(7e  W.  Hor,BROOK.  One  of  San  Bernardino's  progressive  business 
men  and  live  wire  real  estate  men  is  George  W.  Holbrook.  W'hile  he 
handles  more  than  his  share  almost  of  the  real  estate  business  in  the  city, 
he  does  not  by  any  means  confine  his  attention  to  either  city  or  county,  but 
has  built  up  a  clientele  ail  over  the  state. 

Mr.  Holbrook  is  essentially  a  self-made  man,  one  of  the  class  honored 
by  all  for  his  attainments  and  for  the  success  he  has  made  unaided.  When 
he  was  a  mere  boy  he  left  the  home  farm  to  make  his  own  way,  in  too 
often  a  way  which  invites  disaster,  with  no  trade  or  accomplishment,  as 
he  was  too  young  to  have  achieved  either,  vet  he  manfully  set  to  work  to 
make  a  man  of  himself.  And  he  is  one  man  who  can  be  proud  of  the 
job  he  made  of  it.  It  is  true  that  the  child  of  hard  circumstances  usually 
is  sensitive  to  a  fault,  few  have  that  happy  combination  and  will  power 
which  enables  them  to  graduate  with  honors  from  the  school  of  difficulties 
and,  above  all,  gives  them  the  "understanding  mind."  Mr.  Holbrook 
possesses  these  qualities,  hence  his  success. 

When  he  first  began  to  work  he  had,  of  course,  to  take  any  jobs  such 
as  a  young  boy  could  fill,  but  he  tackled  any  and  everything  and  always  got 
away  with  it.  He  had  to  try  many  vocations  before  he  found  his  rightful 
niche,  as  he  had  no  one  to  advise  him  or  aid  him,  to  tell  him  the  require- 
ments and  rewards  of  the  various  trades  and  professions.  So  he  naturally 
drifted  from  one  thing  to  another,  finding  final  anchorage  in  beautiful 
San  Bernardino. 

Mr.  Holbrook  was  born  in  Warren  County.  Iowa,  September  20,  1873, 
the  son  of  Qeorge  W.  and  Jennie  (Young)  Holbrook.  his  father  a  native 
of  Appanoose  County.  Iowa,  and  his  mother  a  native  of  Ohio,  who  came 
to  Iowa  before  the  Civil  war.  She  died  in  1907.  George  Holbrook.  Sr.. 
was  an  abolitionist  and  went  through  most  of  the  Civil  war.  He  enlisted 
when  he  was  only  seventeen  years  of  age  and  he  fought  until  he  was 
taken  pri.'^oner  at  the  end  of  three  years.  He  was  taken  at  Marks  Mills, 
.Arkansas,  and  was  sent  to  Tyler,  Texas,  and  there  confined  in  a  log  prison. 
He  was  exchanged  a  short  time  before  the  close  of  the  war.  He  is  still 
living  on  the  home  farm  in  Iowa.  They  were  the  parents  of  nine  chil- 
dren, only  one  of  whom  is  dead. 

Mr.  Holbrook  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Warren  County 
until  he  was  fourteen  years  old,  when  he  struck  out  for  himself,  going  tn 
Oklahoma,  where  he  worked  at  various  things  and  managed  to  attend 
business  college  at  night.  He  then  learned  the  printer's  trade  and  followed 
that  for  some  time.  He  started  a  grocery  business,  built  up  a  fine  trade 
and  then  sold  out  and  went  to  Kansas  City.  There  for  some  years  he 
was  in  the  employ  of  the  railroads,  but  he  was  not  satisfied  here  and 
determined  to  come  West. 

In  1907  Mr.  Holbrook  located  in  Redlands,  where  he  was  engaged 
by  the  county  in  fumigating,  and  he  also  worked  for  the  street  car  com- 
pany. He  was  also  the  county  jailer  under  Sherifif  McMahon  for  two 
years  and  a  half.  During  the  war  he  worked  for  a  copper  company  in 
Miami,    .Arizona.      In    1919   he   located   permanently    in    San    Bernardino 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        809 

and  opened  a  real  estate  and  insurance  office,  and  has  been  in  that  business 
since.  He  handles  real  estate  all  over  the  state  as  well  as  in  San  Ber- 
nardino city  and  county,  and  is  doing  a  big  business.  Mr.  Holbrook  is  a 
director  in  the  San  Bernardino — Colton  Oil  Company. 

On  June  4,  1913,  Mr.  Holbrook  was  united  in  marriage  with  Rachael 
Keller,  a  daughter  of  F.  M.  Keller,  of  San  Bernardino.  Mrs.  Holbrook 
is  a  native  daughter.  They  have  one  child,  Margery.  Mr.  Holbrook  is  a 
member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  of  Redlands  and  of 
San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.  He  is  also  a  charter  member 
of  the  Loyal  Order  of  Moose.  In  politics  he  is  an  upholder  of  republican 
principles,  and  when  in  Oklahoma,  represented  the  party  in  a  county  con- 
vention. 

J.  Dale  Gentry.  The  man  who  builds  up  a  sound  and  reliable  busi- 
ness, no  matter  in  what  line,  is  rendering  a  valuable  service  to  his  com- 
munity, for  in  so  doing  he  is  adding  to  its  prestige  as  a  commercial  and 
industrial  center,  is  setting  an  example  which  stimulates  others  to  like 
action,  and  affords  employment  to  some  of  his  fellow  citizens,  thus  en- 
abling them  to  become  producers.  Every  man  does  not  succeed  in  his 
own  business,  although  he  may  make  a  good  employe  under  another's 
direction.  All  men  are  not  executives  or  money  getters.  Certain  definite 
characteristics  are  required  in  order  that  man  forge  ahead,  distancing  com- 
petitors and  building  up  a  name  for  his  special  line  of  endeavor.  Faith 
in  himself  and  a  natural  liking  for  his  work  must  come  first,  and  closely 
allied  with  them  in  importance  is  a  persistence,  a  far-sightedness  and  a 
knowledge  of  human  nature.  \\'hen  the  owner  of  a  business  is  brought 
into  direct  touch  with  his  trade  it  is  necessary  for  him  to  have  a  pleasing 
manner,  an  accommodating  spirit  and  a  sincerity  of  word  and  action  in  or- 
der to  win  and  hold  his  customers.  Some  of  these  salient  characteristics 
are  possessed  in  marked  degree  by  J.  Dale  Gentry,  proprietor  of  the  large 
automobile  agency  for  the  Ford  cars  and  tractors,  with  a  fully  equipped 
repair  department  attached,  at  437  East  Street,  San  Bernardino. 

J.  Dale  Gentry  was  born  at  Sedalia,  Missouri,  April  12,  1884,  a  son  of 
Clark  and  Emma  (  Parker )  Gentry,  natives  of  Sedalia.  Missouri.  The 
family  came  to  San  Bernardino  about  1890,  and  from  then  on  J.  Dale 
Gentry  was  reared  in  this  city.  After  he  was  graduated  from  High  School 
he  took  a  two-year  special  course  in  banking  at  the  University  of  South- 
ern California  at  Los  Angeles.  For  a  short  time  after  completing  this 
course  he  worked  at  steamfitting,  and  then  was  employed  by  the  Southern 
Pacific  Railroad  Company  on  construction  work,  having  charge  for  two 
years  as  superintendent  of  the  construction  on  the  Colorado  River  irriga- 
tion dam  project,  and  then  for  two  years  more  was  engaged  in  railroad 
construction  work  in  Mexico. 

While  engaged  in  construction  work  Mr.  Gentry  traveled  from  Mexico 
to  Alaska,  but  finally  decided  to  return  to  San  Bernardino,  and  in  1906 
established  his  present  business  of  buying,  selling  and  delivering  auto- 
mobiles. In  1910  he  secured  the  Ford  agency,  starting  with  a  contract 
for  not  less  than  six  cars.  His  business  has  so  increased  that  today  he 
is  selling  1,200  cars  annually.  Mr.  Gentry  also  handles  the  Fordson 
tractors,  carries  a  full  line  of  accessories,  and  has  a  fully-equipped  repair 
department  in  which  he  is  doing  a  thriving  business.  All  the  year  round 
he  employs  fifty  persons,  and  his  establishment  is  second  to  the  Santa 
Fe  Railroad  in  San  Bernardino  in  the  number  of  men  employed. 

Mr.  Gentry  is  not  married.  Fraternallv  he  maintains  membership  with 
the  Masons  aiid  Elks,  and  is  inipnlar  in  linlh  nrders.  In  addition  to  his 
auto  business  he  has  other  interests  and  among  them  i>  his  connection  wi  h 


810         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  Farmers  Exchange  National  Bank  of  San  Bernardino,  of  which  he  is 
vice  president.  He  also  maintains  membership  with  the  San  Bernardino 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is  one  of  the  active  forces  in  that  body. 
Mr.  Gentry  is  enthusiastic  about  his  home  city,  has  faith  in  its  future, 
and  is  proud  of  the  part  he  has  played  in  its  past. 

George  D.  Parker — Not  a  community  or  state  merely,  but  an  entire 
nation,  can  take  pride  in  the  achievements  of  such  an  inventor  as 
George  D.  Parker,  the  man  of  genius  at  the  head  of  the  Parker  Ma- 
chine Works  at  Riverside.  This  is  the  only  firm  in  the  United  States 
specializing  in  automatic  box  machines  and  box  handling  devices. 
Mr.  Parker  stands  out  first  and  foremost  among  all  who  have  had 
any  thing  to  do  with  box  making  machinery.  To  his  genius  is  due 
the  credit  for  some  of  the  most  essential  features  of  fruit  packing 
houses  of  the  present  day,  and  especially  the  citrus  industry.  He  has 
between  fifty-five  and  sixty  patents,  is  engaged  in  working  out  others, 
and  has  taken  out  thirteen  patents  in  nine  foreign  countries. 

A  native  son  of  California,  George  D.  Parker  was  born  at  Mariposa, 
February  2,  1870.  His  father,  Robert  Parker  was  of  English  ancestry, 
a  native  of  Canada,  and  came  to  California  in  1868.  The  mother,  also 
deceased,  was  born  in  Canada  and  was  Henrietta  Patterson.  Her 
father's  cousin,  Sir  John  Patterson,  was  an  official  of  the  Bank  of 
England  and  one  of  the  original  promoters  of  the  Panama  Canal. 

When  George  D.  Parker  was  two  years  old  his  parents  moved 
to  Orange  County,  and  he  grew  up  there  and  received  a  public  school 
education.  After  school  he  was  employed  in  farm  and  orchard  work 
until  he  was  twenty-five,  and  he  therefore  knows  the  fruit  industry 
of  California  from  other  practical  standpoints  than  that  of  an  inventor 
of  packing  house  equipment.  At  the  age  of  twenty-five  he  began  and 
completed  a  thorough  apprenticeship  as  a  mechanic  and  machinist  in 
shops  at  Los  Angeles.    He  remained  there  until  1900. 

About  that  time  he  developed  his  first  box  making  machine.  After 
working  four  years  to  develop  this  machine  he  came  to  Riverside  with 
the  idea  that  all  his  troubles  were  at  an  end.  He  found  that  he  had 
only  made  a  start,  and  then  ensued  another  period  of  four  years  in 
which  he  was  studying  and  contriving  means  of  perfecting  the  machine 
to  meet  the  most  exacting  tests  that  could  be  imposed.  His  first 
machine  was  sold  to  the  Riverside  Heights  Packing  House  No.  10 
seventeen  years  ago,  and  that  machine  is  still  in  good  running  order. 
Without  recounting  all  the  details  in  the  growth  and  broadening  ap- 
preciation of  Mr.  Parker's  box  making  machine  it  is  sufficient  to  say 
that  there  is  not  a  carload  of  fruit  shipped  from  California  or  Florida 
which  does  not  pay  tribute  to  Mr.  Parker  through  the  agency  of  his 
devices. 

For  a  number  of  years  he  did  his  experimenting  and  some  of  his 
manufacturing  in  the  Stoner  Iron  Works,  then  the  only  machine  shop 
in  Riverside.  It  was  afterward  sold  to  Mr.  Landwehr  and  became  the 
Riverside  Foundry  and  Machine  Works.  Mr.  Parker  bought  in  1909 
all  other  interests  in  the  plant,  and  gave  it  the  name  Parker  Machine 
Works,  which  manufactured  all  the  varied  lines  of  packing  house  ma- 
chinery covered  by  his  patents  and  became  the  controlling  factor  in 
the  citrus  packing  house  equipment. 

In  December,  1920,  Mr.  Parker  consolidated  the  citrus  packing 
house  business  with  the  Fred  Stebler  interests.  The  consolidation  was 
considered  beneficial  to  the  industry  as  a  whole,  as  it  eliminated  com- 
petition, the  purchaser  now  being  able  to  buy  the  best  of  the  machines 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        81 1 

furnished  by  the  two  companies.  The  present  Stebler-Parker  Com- 
pany is  a  close  corporation  with  Fred  Stebler  and  Mr.  Parker  as 
principals.  At  the  time  of  the  consolidation  Mr.  Parker  was  employing 
a  hundred  and  twenty-five  mechanics  and  manufacturing  citrus  pack- 
ing house  machiner}-  exclusively.  His  plant  is  still  manufacturing  and 
developing  box  making  machines  and  box  handling  devices,  and  is  the 
only  firm  in  the  United  States  specializing  in  automatic  box  making 
machinery. 

The  basic  patents  of  Mr.  Parker  are  all  established  and  settled 
by  court  examination  and  decision.  His  were  the  first  machines  placed 
on  the  market.  He  has  many  patents  on  automatic  nailing  machines 
four  on  a  fruit  separator,  eight  on  fruit  sizers,  three  on  fruit  sorters, 
seven  on  fruit  dryers  used  largely  in  the  citrus  trade  and  demonstrated 
as  the  only  practical  ones  in  use.  Other  patents  are  on  box  presses, 
fruit  weighers,  conveying  systems,  box  emptying  and  elevating,  com- 
bined box  elevator  and  conveyor  and  pasting  machines.  His  auto- 
matic machines  have  a  normal  capacity  of  twenty-five  boxes  per 
minute,  and  Mr.  Parker  expects  to  increase  this  efficiency  to  an  output 
of  thirty  per  minute.  Machines  manufactured  under  the  Parker 
patents  make  seventy-five  per  cent  of  all  fruit  boxes  in  California. 
The  business  involves  a  tremendous  amount  of  material. 

Mr.  Parker  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce 
and  the  Business  Men's  Association,  is  a  republican,  and  is  affiliated 
with  the  First  Methodist  Church.  He  is  one  of  the  public  spirited 
citizens  of  Riverside,  and  his  own  work  is  an  important  source  of 
Riverside's  prestige  both  in  California  and  abroad.  Mr.  Parker  married 
in  Washington.  June  6,  1900.  Miss  Clara  Barr.  She  was  born  in 
Oregon,  of  Pennsylvania  Dutch  ancestry,  and  is  a  daughter  of  George 
Barr,  now  deceased. 

Horace  McDonald  Hays,  D.  D.  S.,  whose  professional  work  as  a 
dentist  covers  a  period  of  eighteen  years  equally  divided  between  Colton 
and  San  Bernardino,  is  a  native  son  of  California  and,  while  a  compara- 
tively young  man,  has  been  an  interested  witness  of  the  changing  develop- 
ments in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley,  where  he  has  lived  since  boyhood. 

He  was  born  at  San  Jose,  November  28.  1879,  son  of  Wilson  and 
Tacie  (McDonald)  Hays.  His  parents  were  natives  of  Pennsylvania, 
where  his  father  was  born  in  1839  and  his  mother  in  1837.  They  were 
married  in  1872,  and  the  same  year  started  for  California,  crossing  the 
Isthmus  on  the  Panama  Canal  Railroad  and  settled  at  San  Jose.  They 
lived  at  San  Jose  until  their  son  Horace  was  five  years  of  age,  when 
they  moved  to  Banning,  where  Wilson  Hays  helped  organize  the  town 
and  develop  its  water  supply.  Then,  in  1885,  when  Dr.  Hays  was  six 
years  old,  the  family  moved  to  Colton,  where  his  father  for  many  years 
was  engaged  in  the  fruit  canning  business.  Thus  Horace  McDonald  Hays 
has  lived  in  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  thirty-five  years.  His  father 
died  in  1912,  at  the  age  of  .seventy-three,  and  his  mother  is  still  living 
at  Colton.  aged  eighty-four. 

Horace  McDonald  Hays  grew  up  at  Colton,  acquired  a  grammar  and 
high  school  education,  and  as  a  youth  he  was  employed  in  the  fruit 
farming  industry  at  Colton  and  later  was  assistant  postmaster  under 
his  father,  who  was  Colton's  postmaster  for  sixteen  years. 

Dr.  Hays  recalls  that  when  he  was  a  boy  he  and  his  mother  accom- 
panied his  father  to  Crafton  to  see  a  lone  orange  tree  reported  to  have 
at  least  eleven  boxes  of  oranges  on  it,  and  they  were  among  the  many 
visitors  to  that   marvel   marking  a  pioneer   step   in  the   progress  of   the 


812         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

great  horticultural  development  of  Southern  California.  Dr.  Hays  recalls 
a  time  when  Redland  was  a  wilderness  site  of  red  hills  and  sage  brush, 
while  a  practical  desert  intervened  to  the  west  as  far  as  Pomona  Valley. 
As  a  boy  he  rode  many  times  on  the  old  Concord  stage  between  San 
Bernardino  and  Colton,  with  the  late  James  Cole  as  the  driver.  For 
years  Colton  was  the  nearest  railroad  point  to  San  Bernardino.  He  was 
a  member  in  1894  of  the  first  party  that  camped  at  Rogers  Camp,  now 
Skyland,  on  the  Rim  of  the  World,  and  all  supplies  and  provisions  had  to 
be  hauled  up  with  teams,  while  the  members  of  the  party  walked.  Dr. 
Hays  with  his  parents  spent  ])art  of  one  simimer  at  Flemings  Mill  in 
Little  Bear  Valley,  the  mill  standing  on  ground  that  is  now  the  middle 
of  the  lake. 

After  his  early  business  experiences  Horace  Hays  entered  the  dental 
department  of  the  University  of  California  and  graduated  with  the  Doctor 
of  Dental  Surgery  degree  in  1903.  He  immediately  returned  to  Colton 
and  practiced  there  nine  years,  and  since  then  at  San  Bernardino.  At 
the  time  of  the  Spanish-American  war  in  1898  he  enlisted,  but  was  not 
called  for  service.  During  the  World  w?r  he  was  dental  examiner  for  the 
United  States  Draft  Board,  and  is  dental  examiner  and  dentist  for  the 
United  States  Public  Health  Service.  Dr.  Hays  is  a  member  of  the  San 
Bernardino  Board  of  Education  for  the  term  1921-25,  and  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Colton  Fire  Department  from  1903  to  1912.  He  has 
always  voted  as  a  republican  and  is  a  prominent  member  of  San  Bernardino 
Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  serving  as 
exalted  ruler  for  1920-21.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Modern  Wood- 
men of  America  since  1907,  and  is  president  of  the  Horseshoe  Band  Club 
in  the  San  Bernardino  Mountains. 

At  Los  Angeles  May  11,  1910,  he  married  Daisy  Groves,  daughter  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harry  Groves,  of  San  Bernardino.  Mrs.  Hays  was  born 
in  England,  was  brought  to  California  when  an  infant,  and  has  twice 
been  back  to  her  native  country.  She  has  three  living  sisters.  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  Hays  have  one  daughter,  Florence  Kathryne,  born  in  1911,  and 
he  also  has  a  stepchild,  Audrey  B.  Hale,  aged  fifteen. 

James  E.  Russell  is  one  of  the  men  who  has  been  connected  with 
the  orange  indu.stry  for  a  number  of  years,  as  was  his  father  before  him, 
and  he  is  also  connected  with  much  of  the  development  of  Riverside  during 
the  past  few  years,  especially  in  connection  with  the  operations  of  the 
reliable  firm  of  E.  V.  Bean  &  Company.  He  was  born  in  Newton  County, 
Indiana.  March  27,  1877,  a  son  of  Zadock  Hiram  and  Jane  (Roberts) 
Russell,  both  of  whom  were  born  in  Indiana.  Zadock  H.  Russell  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation,  who  came  to  Riverside  in  January,  1888,  and  here 
became  a  horticulturalist.  .\\  ditl'erent  times  he  owned  four  orange 
groves,  two  of  which  he  planted  and  brought  into  bearing.  One  of  these 
was  on  Sedgwick  Street  and  the  other  on  Massachusetts  Street.  Until 
within  a  short  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  April.  1917,  he  con- 
tinued in  the  orange  industry,  and  was  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading 
business  men  and  prominent  citizens  of  the  city.  He  was  "a  Mason  and 
a  consistent  member  of  the  Methodist  Fjiiscopal  Church.  The  Russell 
family  is  of  Revolutionary  slock  and  English  descent,  while  the  Roberts 
family  orginated  in  A\'ales,  hut  was  fnundod  in  this  country  during  the 
Colonial  period. 

Coming  to  Riverside  in  his  l,.,ylio.id.  James  \l.  Russell  attended  its 
public  .schools  and  made  himself  useful  under  his  father's  instruction, 
in  this  way  learning  the  orange  industry  in  all  of  its  phases  in  a  practical 
manner,  and  he  has  alwavs  been  interested  in  it.     He  now  owns  a  seven 


SAX  BERXARDINO  AXD  RI\'ERSIDE  COUXTIES         813 

and  (iiic-half  acre  orange  grove  on  La  Cadena  Drive,  and  a  twenty-acre 
alfalfa  ranch  on  North  Orange  Street,  which  is  a  part  of  the  Bandini 
Donation  and  is  under  the  Trujillo  water  system. 

In  addition  to  his  horticultural  work  Mr.  Russell  is  engaged  with  the 
real  estate  tirm  of  E.  V.  Bean  &  Company,  and  has  heen  one  of  its 
salesmen  since  July,  1920.  Eor  the  two  years  prior  to  that  date  he  was 
field  foreman  for  the  Riverside  Heights  Number  10  Fruit  Packing  As- 
sociation, of  which  he  is  still  a  member. 

In  politics  Mr.  Russell  is  a  democrat,  but  has  never  taken  an  active 
part  in  his  party's  labors,  as  his  personal  affairs  have  so  fully  claimed 
his  attention.  Fraternally  he  belongs  to  the  Modern  Woodmen  of  America. 
Grace  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Riverside  holds  his  allegiance  and 
affords  him  an  expression  for  his  religious  faith. 

On  February  15,  1902,  Mr.  Russell  married  Miss  Stella  Van  Fleet, 
a  native  of  Riverside  and  a  daughter  of  M.  B.  Van  Fleet,  who  for  twenty- 
five  years  was  agent  for  Wells,  Fargo  &  Company  at  Riverside  and  is 
now  living  in  comfortable  retirement  at  Huntington  Beach,  California. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Russell  have  three  children,  namely :  Cecil,  who  is  a  student 
in  the  Riverside  High  School,  class  of  1921  ;  Muriel,  who  is  also  a  student 
in  the  Riverside  High  School,  class  of  1923 ;  and  Adele,  who  is  the 
youngest. 

Mr.  Russell  has  one  sister,  Clara,  who  is  the  wife  of  Dr.  C.  O.  Water- 
man, a  practicing  physician  and  surgeon  of  Long  Beach,  California. 

Newman  Jones  is  a  California  lawyer  with  a  wide  experience  in 
general  practice  in  a  number  of  counties.  For  the  last  nine  years  his 
time  has  been  fully  taken  up  in  corporation  law  as  attorney  for  the 
Southern  Sierras  Company,  and  his  duties  and  character  make  him  one 
of  the  citizens  of  high  standing  at  Riverside. 

Mr.  Jones  by  an  interval  of  eighteen  months  only  escaped  being  a 
native  son  of  California.  His  father,  Lewis  F.  Jones,  was  a  California 
forty-niner.  He  was  born  in  Petersburg,  New  York,  and  sailed  around 
Cape  Horn  in  1849  in  search  of  golden  treasure.  After  some  adventures 
in  the  mining  regions  he  returned  East  and  married,  and  in  the  fall  of 
1854  brought  his  little  family  to  California.  His  son  Newman  Jones 
was  born  at  Pawlett  in  Rutland  County,  Vermont,  May  8,  1853.  The 
wife  of  Lewis  F.  Jones  was  Sarah  Allen,  a  native  of  Vermont  and  of  an 
old  American  family,  like  her  husband.    She  died  in  1909. 

Lewis  F.  Jones  on  returning  to  California  continued  his  active  mining 
interests  until  1861,  when  he  was  elected  County  Judge  of  Mariposa 
County,  and  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  as  such  he  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  the  law  and  practiced  in  Mariposa  County,  and  achieved  some- 
thing more  than  local  prominence  there  and  over  the  state.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1879. 

Newman  Jones  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Mariposa  County.  His  law  studies  were  pursued  in  his  father's  office, 
and  when  he  reached  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  took  up  the  practice  of  the  law  in  Mariposa  County,  where  he 
resided  until  1889,  after  which  he  practiced  at  Fresno  and  Los  Angeles 
and  elsewhere  in  this  state. 

In  1912  Mr.  Jones  was  appointed  attorney  for  the  Southern  Sierras 
Company,  and  since  1913  has  been  performing  his  duties  for  the  company 
at  Riverside.  He  is  a  republican  in  politics  and  served  two  terms  as 
district  attorney  in  Mariposa  County. 

September  21,  1895,  at  Hanford,  California,  Mr.  Jones  married  Miss 
Lelia  Park.     She  was  born  in  Tennessee,  her  father,  Rev.  Andrew  G. 


814        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Park,  being  a  Methodist  minister.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jones  have  three  children, 
Vera,  Laura  and  James  Carlton  Chase  Jones. 

Glenn  Arthur  Schaefer — It  has  been  said  that  "Land  is  the  basis 
of  all  Wealth."  It  must  therefore  be  apparent  that  any  business  which 
deals  with  this  commodity  is  one  of  utmost  importance  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  community. 

Satisfying  investors  that  the  title  to  the  lands  situated  in  Riverside 
County  are  perfect  is  the  important  work  performed  by  Glenn  A.  Schae- 
fer, active  vice-president  and  general  manager  of  the  Title  Insurance 
Company  of  Riverside  and  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company.  That  this 
is  a  work  of  magnitude  is  made  clear  when  it  is  considered  that  River- 
side County  is  an  empire  of  nearly  eight  thousand  square  miles — larger 
than  any  one  of  several  Eastern  states,  and  that  the  yearly  real  estate 
transactions  mount  to  millions  of  dollars. 

Glenn  A.  Schaefer  was  born  in  Ord  Valley  County,  Nebraska,  July 
8,  1880,  the  only  son  of  Arthur  Henry  Schaefer  and  Florence  Ferguson 
Schaefer.  Mr.  Schaefer's  parents  were  identified  with  the  first  efforts 
at  settlement  in  the  central  part  of  Nebraska.  Mr.  Schaefer's  father 
served  as  county  clerk  of  Valley  County  several  years  following  its  organ- 
ization. Previous  to  that  time,  and  following  his  arrival  in  this  country 
from  Germany,  he  enlisted  in  the  Regular  Army  of  the  United  States, 
and  was  stationed  at  frontier  posts  in  the  states  of  Montana,  Wyoming 
and  Nebraska,  assisting  in  holding  in  check  the  activities  of  hostile 
Indians.  Moving  to  Salem,  Oregon,  in  the  year  1893,  he  was  engaged 
in  the  abstract  of  title  business  in  that  city  for  more  than  ten  years,  or 
until  the  date  of  his  death  in  1905,  and  it  was  in  the  office  of  his  father 
that  Glenn  A.  Schaefer  gained  his  first  experience  as  a  title  man,  work- 
ing in  his  father's  abstract  office  after  school  hours  and  during  the 
vacation  season. 

Mr.  Schaefer's  mother  married  M.  E.  Getter,  a  business  man  of 
Long  Beach  in  the  year  1913,  and  now  resides  at  that  city. 

Mr.  Schaefer  moved  to  Riveside  in  the  year  1906,  and  became  iden- 
tified with  a  local  title  company.  After  serving  as  a  title  searcher  for 
about  one  year  he  accepted  an  important  position  with  the  Union  Title 
Company  of  San  Diego. 

The  lure  of  Riverside,  however,  could  not  be  resisted,  and  after 
arriving  at  San  Diego  he  began  to  devise  ways  and  means  of  returning 
to  Riverside,  and  finally  conceived  the  idea  of  organizing  a  new  title 
company.  W^ith  the  assistance  of  W.  H.  Robinson  of  Riverside  and 
L.  O.  Harvuot,  a  former  resident  of  this  city,  this  dream  was  realized 
in  the  organization  in  the  fall  of  1908  of  the  Union  Title  and 
Abstract  Company,  with  an  authorized  capital  of  $50,000.00.  Probably 
no  business  of  this  nature  has  ever  been  launched  under  less  favorable 
conditions.  To  quote  Mr.  Schaefer :  "I  had  less  than  $100.00  in  my 
pocket  when  I  arrived  at  Riverside  to  take  up  this  work,  and  Capital 
proved  exceedingly  reluctant  {o  assist  in  the  organization  of  the  new 
venture."  Nevertheless,  by  dint  of  hard  work  and  many  sacrifices  the 
company  grew  year  by  year,  and  soon  numbered  among  its  patrons 
many  of  the  most  influential  residents  of  the  county.  In  the  year  1917 
the  Union  Title  and  Abstract  Company  purchased  a  controlling  interest 
in  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company  and  a  merger  was  effected,  which 
placed  Mr.  Schaefer  in  the  active  management  of  the  consolidated 
company. 

The  rapid  development  of  property  interests  in  Riverside  County  and 
the  influx  of  many  homeseekers  brought  to  Mr.  Schaefer  and  his  asso- 
ciates a  realization  that  the  old  methods  of  transacting  title  business  must 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         815 

yield  to  the  march  of  progress,  and  during  the  latter  part  of  1919  the 
Title  Insurance  Company  of  Riverside  was  organized,  with  an  additional 
capital  of  $100,000.00  and  it  is  significant  to  note  that  this  entire  capital 
was  subscribed  for  and  paid  up  in  cash  in  less  than  ten  days  after  it 
was  offered  for  sale.  Mr.  Schaefer  was  selected  as  active  vice-presi- 
dent and  general  manager  of  the  new  af^liated  company,  the  two  insti- 
tutions having  nearly  100  representative  stockholders,  and  employing  a 
paid-up  capital  and  surplus  in  excess  of  $265,000.00  of  which  $100,000.00 
is  deposited  with  the  state  treasurer  of  California,  as  a  guarantee  fund 
for  the  protection  of  clients. 

The  successful  organization  of  this  company  is  one  of  Riverside's 
noteworthy  business  achievements  placing  Riverside  on  a  par  with  the 
larger  communities  of  the  state  and  nation  in  the  matter  of  safeguarding 
land  titles,  thereby  encouraging  the  investment  of  capital  for  develop- 
ment purposes  by  creating  confidence  in  titles. 

Mr.  Schaefer's  ability  as  a  title  man  has  been  recognized  all  over 
the  State  of  California.  He  was  elected  president  of  the  California 
Land  Title  Association  at  the  Thirteenth  Annual  Convention  of  its  mem- 
bers, held  at  San  Francisco  in  the  year  1919,  and  has  been  twice  sent 
East  as  the  California  delegate  to  the  convention  of  the  American  Asso- 
ciation of  Title  Men.  Mr.  Schaefer  is  now  a  member  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  American  Association  of  Title  Men.  He  has  twice 
addressed  the  members  of  the  California  Association  on  pertinent  topics 
relating  to  the  title  business,  and  made  a  noteworthy  address  at  the 
National  Convention  held  at  Des  Moines  in  September,  1921. 

Mr.  Schaefer  is  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
and  has  served  two  terms  as  president  of  the  Riverside  Realty  Board, 
and  is  an  enthusiastic  member  of  the  Kiwanis  Club  of  Riverside  and  a 
member  of  the  Victoria  Club  and  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks. 

In  October,  1914,  he  was  joined  in  marriage  with  Miss  Marie  Esther 
McLean,  a  native  of  California  and  a  daughter  of  John  McLean,  form- 
erly of  Seattle,  Washington.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Schaefer  have  two  sons, 
Glenn  A.,  Jr.,  born  in  1916,  and  Robert  A.,  born  in  1919. 

James  and  Alexander  Stewart  constitute  a  firm  of  notably  success- 
ful orange  growers  in  the  Highgrove  district  of  Riverside  County.  The 
older  of  the  brothers,  James  Stewart,  has  been  an  orange  grower  in 
Southern  California  for  a  third  of  a  century.  He  was  joined  by  his 
younger  brother  nine  years  later,  and  their  operations  at  Highgrove  have 
shown  them  to  be  men  of  most  thorough  efificiency  in  this  branch  of 
horticulture.  They  have  proved  equally  good  citizens,  and  both  are 
bachelors. 

Their  parents  were  Alexander  and  Maggie  (Stewart)  Stewart.  The 
father,  now  deceased,  was  born  in  Scotland,  while  the  mother  is  a  native 
of  Ontario  and  of  Scotch  descent,  and  is  still  living  at  the  old  home  in 
Canada. 

James  Stewart  was  born  in  Ontario  June  30,  1865,  and  acquired  a 
public  school  education  there.  He  was  twenty-two  when  he  came  to 
California  in  1887,  and  first  located  near  San  Bernardino.  There  he 
bought  ten  acres  of  oranges  and  cultivated  this  tract  for  ten  years. 
After  selling  he  bought  six  acres  at  Highgrove,  and  has  been  tending 
that  property  ever  since.  The  year  after  his  purchase  at  Highgrove  he 
was  joined  by  his  brother  Alexander,  and  together  they  purchased  ten 
acres  of  oranges  on  Center  Street  at  Highgrove,  and  have  handled  this  in 
partnership. 


816         SAX  BEKXARDIXU  AXU  KIX'ERSIUE  COL'XTIES 

James  Stewart  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  Highgrove 
and  a  director  in  the  Highgrove  Fruit  Exchange,  is  interested  in  the 
Painted  Hills  Oil  Association  at  Whitewater  in  Riverside  County,  and 
also  in  the  Chino-Corona  Oil  Company.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters 
at  Riverside. 

Alexander  Stewart  was  born  in  Ontario  January  17.  1868.  He  also 
attended  the  public  schools  during  his  youth  and  saw  much  of  the  practical 
side  of  farming  in  Ontario  until  1896,  when  he  came  out  to  Riverside. 
He  learned  the  horticultural  business  by  working  experience  in  orange 
groves,  and  for  some  time  was  also  a  railroad  employe.  After  a  time  he 
began  to  take  care  of  orange  groves,  and  to  some  extent  still  follows  that 
business.  After  he  joined  his  brother  in  the  purchase  of  the  ten  acres 
on  Center  Street  he  devoted  nearly  all  his  time  to  its  cultivation,  and  has 
been  responsible  for  bringing  this  tract  into  a  high  state  of  production. 

Alexander  Stewart  is  affiliated  with  the  Odd  Fellows  and  Foresters. 
He  is  a  leaseholder  in  the  Painted  Hills  Oil  Association  at  Whitewater, 
a  property  that  is  now  highly  promising  as  a  source  of  petroleum. 

Charles  B.  Clark — The  first  settlers  in  Riverside  were  loud  in  their 
praise  of  the  scenic  attractiveness,  though  they  recognized  that  a  great 
work  had  to  be  done  in  order  to  supplement  the  beauty  and  grandeur 
of  the  landscape  before  the  country  would  be  available  for  homes  and 
the  sustaining  of  a  large  population.  This  work  has  in  a  large  and  im- 
portant measure  been  carried  out  since  then.  Every  house  built  and  every 
acre  brought  under  cultivation  has  been  a  factor  in  the  progress  and  de- 
velopment of  this  garden  spot  of  Southern  California.  One  of  the  men 
of  the  later  class  of  pioneers  who  performed  a  notable  service  in  this 
material  development  was  Charles  B.  Clark,  who  labored  here  with 
purposeful  energy  and  success  for  nearly  twenty  years. 

Charles  B.  Clark  was  born  in  Illinois,  April  8,  1847,  son  of  John  C. 
and  Mary  (Meacham)  Clark.  Through  the  Meacham  family  he  is  a 
direct  descendant  of  Miles  Standish  and  the  earliest  settlements  in  New 
England.  Charles  B.  Clark  had  a  good  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Illinois,  and  for  about  twenty  years  his  energies  were  completely 
bestowed  upon  his  vocation  as  an  Illinois  farmer. 

Mr.  Clark  arrived  at  Riverside  December  19,  1891.  He  soon  after- 
ward bought  fifteen  acres  of  land  in  the  arroyo  and  side  hills  on  Victoria 
Avenue,  lying  north  and  west  of  Victoria  Hill.  To  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  nearly  twenty  years  later,  March  9,  1911,  he  with  his  sons 
gave  their  studious  attention  to  the  improvement  and  cultivation  of  this 
tract.  It  had  been  partly  planted  to  vineyard.  His  line  of  development 
was  in  oranges  and  deciduous  fruits,  and  long  before  his  death  he  saw  the 
profits  of  his  labors.  He  built  a  comfortable  home  at  2193  Victoria 
Avenue.  He  had  Woodbine  Street  cut  through  his  property  to  a  connec- 
tion with  Victoria  Avenue.  That  section  was  practically  uninhabited  when 
he  came  to  Riverside.  Before  his  death  it  was  well  built  up  and  developed, 
and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  attractive  sections  in  the  city.  In  all 
his  work  Mr.  Clark  was  aided  by  his  sons,  and  Mrs.  Clark  continued 
the  activa  supervision  of  the  property  until  1920,  when  she  turned  over 
the  management  to  her  son  Frank. 

The  late  Charles  B.  Clark  was  a  man  of  high  standing  in  the  com- 
munity and  respected  by  all  who  knew  him.  He  was  a  republican,  but 
not  active  in  politics. 

Mr.  Clark  married  Miss  Hannah  J.  Pew,  of  Minnesota,  but  a  native 
of  Indiana  and  daughter  of  James  F.  Pew.     Mrs.  Clark  is  a  mother  of 


SAX  BERXAR1)1X( )  AX  I)  KlX'IiRSIDE  COUXTIES         817 

seven  childrini;  John  Standi^h  Clark,  a  Xew  York  business  man, 
during  the  World  war  furnished  an  amliulance  to  the  forces  in  France, 
married  Josephine  Preterre,  a  native  of  France,  who  came  to  this  country 
when  an  infant.  The  second  child,  Florence  Dewitt  Clark,  is  deceased. 
Jessie  Burrett,  is  the  wife  of  Harry  Meenahan,  of  Riverside,  and  is  the 
mother  of  three  daughters,  Alice,  Violet  and  Lucile.  The  fourth  child, 
Charles  Freeland  Clark,  is  also  deceased.  The  son  Frank,  who  manages 
iiis  father's  old  orange  grove  on  Victoria  Avenue,  married  Miss  Annie 
Knight,  of  Riverside,  and  has  a  daughter,  Elizabeth  Jane.  Marion 
Louise  is  the  wife  of  Frank  A.  Miller,  owner  of  the  Glenwood  Mission 
Inn.  Benjamin  Clark,  the  youngest  of  the  family,  was  trained  as  a 
soldier  in  the  89th  Division  under  General  Woods  and  spent  a  year 
overseas,  being  discharged  as  a  sergeant.  He  is  now  a  trainer  of  polo 
ponies  at  Kansas  City,  Missouri. 

Mrs.  Clark  is  a  member  of  the  F^irst  Congregational  Church.  In 
1920  her  son-in-law,  Frank  A  Miller,  sent  her  on  a  visit  to  the  eastern 
states.  When  she  returned  she  was  ushered  into  a  palatial  new  concrete 
house  on  her  land  at  2191  Victoria  Avenue.  This  house  Mr.  Miller, 
as  a  characteristic  act  of  his  generosity,  had  caused  to  be  constructed 
during  her  absence  and  presented  it  to  her  as  a  token  of  his  affection 
and  esteem. 

Georce  J.  Oberschmidt  put  his  energy  and  ability  into  effective  play 
in  the  development  of  one  of  the  fine  fruit  orchards  of  the  Riverside 
district,  gained  a  high  place  in  popular  confidence  and  esteem  in  the 
state  and  county  of  his  adoption,  and  was  one  of  the  representative 
citizens  and  fruit-growers  of  Riverside  County  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
in  1907.  His  fine  personality  was  the  expression  of  a  noble  and  loyal 
nature,  and  his  stewardship  extended  beyond  mere  individual  advancement 
to  express  itself  eft'ectively  in  connection  with  community  affairs. 

Mr.  Oberschmidt  was  born  in  Washtenaw  County,  Michigan,  in  the 
\ear  1865,  and  thus  was  forty-two  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
His  parents,  Christian  and  Agnes  (Bohnett)  Oberschmidt,  continued 
their  residence  in  Michigan  until  their  deaths,  and  were  sterling 
pioneers  of  that  state.  George  J.  Oberschmidt  was  reared  to  the 
sturdy  discipline  of  the  home  farm  and  acquired  his  early  education  in 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  state.  There  he  continued  his  active 
association  with  agricultural  industry  until  the  early  '90s,  when  he  came 
to  Riverside  County,  California,  and  purchased  a  ten-acre  orange  grove 
in  the  Highgrove  district  and  ten  acres  of  land  in  the  Ferris  Valley,  near 
the  old  Indian  School.  He  brought  the  orchard  up  to  the  best  standard 
and  continued  to  give  it  his  personal  supervision  until  the  close  of  his 
life.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Highgrove  Fruit  Exchange, 
and  continued  as  a  director  of  the  same  until  his  death.  At  the  inception 
of  the  Spanish- American  war  Mr.  Oberschmidt  promptly  manifested  his 
jiatriotism  by  enlisting  in  Company  K  of  a  regiment?  of  infantry  at  San 
Bernardino,  and  with  his  command  he  proceeded  to  San  Francisco,  where 
the  regiment  remained  during  its  period  of  service,  without  having  been 
called  to  the  stage  of  active  conflict.  Mr.  Oberschmidt  was  a  member 
of  the  Spanish-American  War  Veterans  and  was  affiliated  with  the 
Indeiiendent  Order  of  Foresters. 

At  Highgrove,  on  the  22nd  of  August,  1900,  was  recorded  the  marriage 
of  Mr.  Oberschmidt  with  Miss  Iva  Morena  Mumper,  who  was  born  in 
the  State  of  Illinois  and  who  is  a  daughter  of  Jacob  H.  Mumper.  Mr. 
Mumper  was  a  scion  of  an  old  Pennsylvania  family  of  German  lineage 
and  became  a  prosperous  farmer  in  Illinois,  besides  which  he  was  a  skilled 


818         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

cabinetmaker.  As  a  young  man  he  was  a  successful  teacher  in  the  public 
schools,  and  lasting  honor  attaches  to  his  name  by  reason  of  the  gallant 
service  which  he  gave  as  a  soldier  in  the  Civil  war,  he  having  been  a 
member  of  the  Fifth  Illinois  Cavalry  and  having  participated  in  many 
important  battles,  besides  having  been  with  the  forces  of  General  Sherman 
on  the  historic  march  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea.  In  later  years  Mr.  Mumper 
vitalized  his  interest  in  his  old  comrades  by  means  of  appreciative  affilia- 
tion with  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  His  wife,  whose  maiden 
name  was  Hester  Ann  Bennett,  was  born  at  Newcastle,  Indiana,  her 
father,  John  Bennett,  having  been  a  valiant  soldier  of  the  Union  in  the 
Civil  war,  and  representatives  of  the  Bennett  family,  which  is  of  English 
ancestry,  were  patriotic  American  soldiers  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 
The  mother  of  Mrs.  Mumper  was  a  Carroll,  a  lineal  descendant  of 
Charles  Carroll  of  CarroUton  of  Colonial  times.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ober- 
schmidt  became  the  parents  of  two  children,  who  remain  with  their 
widowed  mother  in  the  attractive  home  at  Highgrove.  Eleanor  Aileen 
was  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  as  a  member  of 
the  class  of  1919,  and  now  holds  the  position  of  stenographer 
and  bookkeeper  in  the  office  of  the  Motor  Supply  Company 
of  Riverside.  Ernest  Jefferson  Oberschmidt  is  a  member  of 
the  class  of  1923  in  the  Riverside  High  School,  and  his  purpose  is  to 
prepare  himself  for  the  legal  profession.  He  is  at  this  writing  a  corporal 
in  the  military  branch  of  the  school.  He  is  a  valued  assistant  to  his  mother 
in  the  care  and  management  of  the  productive  operations  of  the  home 
property.  Mrs.  Oberschmidt  is  a  zealous  member  of  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church  of  Highgrove,  is  affiliated  with  the  Woman's  Relief 
Corps  at  Riverside  and  the  Ladies  of  the  Maccabees,  is  treasurer  of  the 
Home  Farm  Department  at  Highgrove,  and  is  a  popular  figure  in  the 
social  life  of  the  home  community.  Since  the  death  of  her  husband  she 
has  largely  increased  her  property  holdings,  which  includes  a  ten  acre 
peach  and  walnut  grove,  which  she  acquired  by  purchase  and  which  she 
has  planted  and  brought  into  a  high  state  of  cultivation 

Robert  J.  Lutz — Riverside  as  a  beautiful  home  city  has  attracted 
Robert  J.  Lutz  to  its  citizenship  twice,  and  as  a  man  of  means,  public 
spirit  and  original  ideas  he  has  contributed  to  the  further  advantages  of 
the  community  in  a  most  substantial  measure. 

Mr.  Lutz  is  widely  and  favorably  known  in  business  and  civic  circles 
of  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  born  November  28,  1864, 
son  of  Frank  J.  and  Eva  (Neblett)  Lutz.  His  parents  are  now  deceased. 
His  mother  was  born  in  Butler  County,  Pennsylvania,  of  German  an- 
cestry. His  father  was  a  native  of  Munich,  Germany,  came  to  the 
United  States  when  five  or  six  years  of  age,  joined  a  Pittsburgh  com- 
pany for  service  in  the  Union  Army  during  the  Civil  war,  and  after- 
ward remained  in  Pittsburgh  and  was  prominent  in  the  hotel  business 
there  until  his  death  in  1902.  He  also  served  as  a  school  director  and 
was  otherwise  prominent  in  local  affairs. 

Robert  J.  Lutz  attended  public  schools  in  Pittsburgh,  finishing  his  high 
school  course  in  1884.  For  a  time  he  was  a  foreman  of  bridge  building, 
but  soon  took  up  the  vocation  of  his  father.  He  had  the  proper  courage 
required  for  commercial  success,  an  evidence  of  which  fact  is  that  he 
borrowed  twenty  thousand  dollars  to  go  into  the  hotel  business,  assuring 
his  wife  that  he  intended  to  retire  in  ten  years.  In  fact,  he  retired  after 
nine  years,  had  paid  off  his  indebtedness  in  fourteen  months  and  doubled 
his  business.  The  Lutz  Hotel,  of  which  he  was  then  proprietor,  was 
one  of  the  old  landmarks  in  Pittsburgh,  but  changed  its  name  when  Mr. 
Lutz  sold  it. 


/f^T^/ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        819 

As  a  hotel  man  he  heard  repeated  stories  of  the  Golden  West,  and 
as  soon  as  his  business  affairs  could  be  arranged  he  lost  no  time  in  visit- 
ing here  and  investigating  for  himself.  While  still  retaining  the  owner- 
ship of  the  hotel  building  and  grounds  he  came  to  California  in  1905  and 
traveled  over  the  state  Irom  one  end  to  the  other,  seeing  and  consider- 
ing all  the  advantages  of  the  best  towns.  The  search  ended  when  he  and 
Mrs.  Lutz  reached  Riverside.  He  bought  the  land  on  the  southeast 
corner  of  Pepper  and  Seventh  streets,  believing  it  would  be  part  of  the 
finest  residence  district,  though  at  the  time  no  building  had  been  done  in 
this  immediate  section.  He  built  the  house  now  occupied  by  A.  K. 
White  and  lived  there  until  1912,  when  business  obliged  him  to  return 
to  Pittsburgh.  He  sold  his  residence  and  in  the  fall  after  his  return  to 
Pittsburgh  erected  a  new  hotel  under  the  name  of  the  Lutz  House,  a 
property  he  still  owns.  He  was  its  manager  for  about  fifteen  months, 
and  states  that  there  was  hardly  a  minute  in  the  day  when  he  was  not 
thinking  of  and  longing  for  California.  After  leasing  the  management 
of  his  hotel  he  returned  with  the  idea  of  making  Hollywood  or  Pasadena 
his  home.  Another  investigation  following,  but  with  no  discoveries  suf- 
ficient to  wean  their  hearts  from  Riverside.  This  time  Mr.  Lutz  bought 
the  northeast  corner  of  Seventh  and  Pepper  streets,  and  constructed  there 
one  of  the  handsomest  architectural  adornments  of  the  city.  It  is  typ- 
ically Californian  but  also  embodies  features  from  the  Mission,  Italian 
and  Gothic  styles  blended  into  a  harmonious  whole.  The  same  treatment 
was  made  of  his  garage  and  grounds,  and  one  of  the  features  is  an 
outside  lighting  system  that  it  is  his  custom  to  keep  in  full  blaze  through- 
out Easter  Eve  until  dawn  and  combines  with  the  beautiful  view  afforded 
the  crowds  that  gather  on  the  top  of  Rubidoux  awaiting  the  famous 
Easter  services.  Mr.  Lutz  was  also  instrumental  in  securing  the  street 
lighting  system  in  that  district,  a  plan  soon  followed  by  the  remainder 
of  the  city.  Besides  his  home  he  is  owner  of  business  property  on 
Eighth  Street  between  Orange  and  Main  streets. 

During  his  residence  in  Riverside  Mr.  Lutz  has  taken  a  deep  interest 
in  all  civic  affairs.  He  was  active  in  the  Liberty  Bond  drives  during 
the  war,  and  has  worked  with  different  charitable  organizations.  He  is 
a  leading  member  of  the  Home  League,  also  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus, 
whose  great  increase  in  membership  in  recent  years  he  has  eagerly  pro- 
moted and  is  at  present  advocate  for  the  Knights  of  Columbus  Lodge. 
He  has  also  been  an  effectiye  worker  in  increasing  the  membership  and 
influence  of  the  local  Elks'  Club.  He  is  a  member  of  the  St.  Francis 
de  Sales  Catholic  Church  and  was  a  liberal  contributor  to  the  building 
of  the  present  church  edifice.  W'hile  in  Pittsburgh  Mr.  Lutz  had  an 
active  part  in  politics,  serving  on  the  Republican  City  and  County  Cen- 
tral Committees,  representing  the  party  at  County  and  State  Conven- 
tions, and  was  at  one  time  a  member  of  the  City  Council  and  Board  of 
Education. 

At  Steubenville,  Ohio,  November  6,  1894,  Mr.  Lutz  married  Miss 
Sarah  McBride,  who  was  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  came  to  the 
United  States  when  a  girl.  Her  father  was  the  late  Mease  McBride,  a 
Pittsburgh  contractor. 

John  L.  Gwinnup  has  played  a  prominent  part  in  the  development  of 
Riverside  County  as  a  center  of  the  orange-growing  industry,  and  is  con- 
sistently to  be  termed  a  pioneer  in  the  poultry  industry  in  this  favored 
section  of  the  state.  He  has  achieved  marked  success  as  a  commercial 
breeder  of  poultry.  When  he  came  to  Riverside  in  1892  the  present 
beautiful  city  was  little  more  than  a  village,  and  here  he  engaged  in 
orchard  and  team  work.     He  has  the  distinction  of  hauling  the  first 


820         SAN  BERXARDIXO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

orange  shook-gradcr  and  cquipmciu  into  Corona,  this  county,  the  half- 
carload  of  oranges  thus  graded  having  been  packed  by  S.  M.  Butler  m  the 
freight  depot  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroarl.  Thereafter  Mr.  (jwinnup  hauled 
the  grader  to  the  Butler  ranch  on  Brocton  Avenue.  Mr.  Gwinnup  came  to 
Riverside  early  enough  to  assist  in  picking  the  first  crop  of  oranges  from 
the  new  groves,  the  yield  having  been  twenty  to  forty  boxes  an  acre. 
In  the  early  days  he  hauled  coal  from  the  Elsinore  Mine  in  Riverside 
County  to  Riverside,  the  round  trip  requiring  two  days  and  the  coal 
having  cost  five  dollars  a  ton.  He  has  kept  pace  with  progressive  move- 
ments that  have  marked  the  splendid  civic  and  material  development  of 
Riverside  city  and  county,  and  is  a  sterling  citizen  who  well  merits  recog- 
nition in  this  publication. 

Mr.  Gwinnup  was  born  in  Rush  County,  Indiana,  February  14,  1867, 
and  in  that  state  were  born  also  his  parents.  Job  and  Elizabeth  (Smith) 
Gwinnup.  The  Gwinnup  family  was  founded  in  x\merica  in  the  Colonial 
days,  and  its  original  representatives  in  this  country  came  from  Wales. 
The  father  of  Job  Gwinnup  was  born  in  New  Jersey  and  became  a 
pioneer  settler  in  Indiana.  He  bought  Government  land  for  $1.25  an  acre, 
and  this  land  is  now  owned  by  John  L.  Gwinnup's  brother  Sylvester. 
The  mother  of  the  subject  of  this  review  was  of  Scotch  lineage  and  a 
representative  of  a  family  that  gave  patriot  soldiers  to  the  Continental 
Line  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 

John  L.  Gwinnup  was  reared  on  the  old  home  farm  and  gained  his 
early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  the  old  Hoosier  State.  He  was 
actively  identified  with  farm  work  in  Indiana  from  his  boyhood  until  he 
was  twenty-six  years  of  age,  and  he  was  about  eight  years  old  at  the 
time  of  the  death  of  his  father,  with  the  result  that  he  was  early  called 
upon  to  do  a  man's  work  on  the  home  farm.  For  four  summers  he 
applied  himself  vigorously  in  caring  for  the  farm  of  his  widowed  mother, 
and  in  the  meanwile  his  activities  seem  to  have  been  closely  watched  by 
a  neighbor,  who  owned  one  hunderd  and  sixty  acres  of  land  adjoining  the 
Gwinnup  farm  and  whose  somewhat  distrustful  and  irascible  nature 
was  shown  in  his  refusal  to  rent  his  land.  Thus  young  Gwinnup  had 
reason  to  be  somewhat  astonished  when  this  neighbor  approached  him 
and  offered  to  rent  the  land  to  him.  The  ambitious  youth  accepted  the 
])roposals  and  for  a  term  of  years  thereafter,  while  still  in  his  teens,  he 
successfully  carried  on  agriculture  on  this  land. 

In  1892,  at  the  age  of  twenty-five  years,  Air.  Gwinnup  came  to 
Riverside  County,  California,  and  found  employment  at  orchard  and 
teaming  work.  He  cared  for  the  orchards  of  many  of  the  pioneer  orange- 
growers  of  the  Riverside  district,  including  Samuel  Ames,  Aldrich,  Chap- 
man &  Rogers,  H.  P.  Snow,  H.  A.  Puis  and  many  others.  He  thus 
continued  his  service  five  years,  and  then  turned  his  attention  to  inde- 
pendent grain  and  hay  farming  on  Colton  Avenue.  After  having  been 
thus  engaged  about  five  years  he  purchased  his  present  homestead  place 
of  six  and  one-half  acres  on  Santa  Ana  Avenue,  between  Colton  Avenue 
and  North  Orange  Street,  and  here  he  devoted  his  attention  principally 
to  the  raising  of  strawberries  for  seven  years.  This  enterprise  proved 
very  profitable,  and  he  received  a  representative  demand  for  his  product 
and  at  one  period  his  production  was  so  great  that  he  was  able  to  fix  the 
market  price.  From  1901  until  November  1,  1919,  Mr.  Gwinnup  was 
carrier  on  one  of  the  rural  mail  routes  from  Riverside,  and  while  thus 
engaged  he  started  in  the  poultry  business,  in  the  development  of  which 
he  applied  himself  actively  after  having  finished  his  day's  work  in  the 
mail  service.  He  has  been  in  the  commercial  poultry  business  for  the 
past  seven  years,  and  is  running  2,800  hens  and  pullets  on  his  poultry 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         821 

farm  at  the  time  of  this  writing,  in  1921.  He  is  the  owner  of  six  and 
three-tenths  acres  on  North  Main  Street,  and  there  he  raises  peaches. 
He  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Southern  California  Poultry  Association, 
is  a  member  of  the  Farm  Bureau,  the  California  Mutual  Benefit  Life 
Insurance  Association  and  the  Woodmen  of  the  \\'orId,  and  his  political 
support  is  given  to  the  democratic  party.  His  family  hold  membership 
in  the  Seventh  Day  Adventist  Church. 

In  November,  1898,  Mr.  Gwinnup  married  IMiss  Frances  Brewer,  a 
native  of  Missouri,  and  she  is  survived  by  one  child,  Anita  May,  who 
is  now  the  wife  of  Clarence  D.  Carr,  a  farmer  in  the  Cul  du  Sac  district 
of  Idaho.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carr  have  two  children,  John  Edward  and 
Dorothy. 

July  5,  1906,  recorded  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Gwinnup  with  Mrs.  Annie 
F.  Holmes,  who  was  born  in  Iowa,  a  daughter  of  John  Vollniar.  Mrs 
Gwinnup  has  one  child  by  her  first  marriage,  a  daughter,  Juanita  Ruth, 
who  is  the  wife  of  Dale  B.  A\'ithers  of  Kentucky,  a  mechanic  engaged 
with  the  Parker  Alachine  Company  of  Riverside.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gwinnup 
have  three  children.   Mildred,  Clara  F.  and  Esther. 

Joseph  F.  Hook — The  force  of  initiative  and  enterprise  and  the  in- 
tegrity that  are  essential  to  all  business  undertakings  have  been  supplied 
in  the  Perris  Valley  of  Riverside  County  and  over  extensive  portions  of 
the  Imperial  Valley  in  a  notable  measure  by  the  firm  of  Hook  Brothers, 
who  have  been  extensive  operators  there  for  over  thirty  years,  merchants, 
land  owners,  developers  of  land  and  business  and  men  to  whose  dealings 
attaches  the  most  scrupulous  reputation  for  fairness  and  honor. 

Of  this  firm,  Joseph  F.  Hook  was  born  in  Maine  September  15,  1850, 
son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Jane  (Corson)  Hook,  natives  of  Maine  and  of 
Revolutionary  stock  and  English  descent.  The  mother  died  in  1857. 
Joseph  Hook,  Sr.,  was  a  millwright  by  occupation.  He  went  across  the 
Isthmus  of  Panama  to  California  in  1850.  Later  he  returned  East,  but  in 
1861  permanently  identified  himself  with  the  Pacific  Coast.  When  he 
reached  San  Francisco,  it  is  reiwrted,  he  addressed  the  crowd  around  him 
saying:  "The  Lord  forgive  me  going  away  from  California,  for  I  will 
never  do  so  again."  His  family  joined  him  in  1868.  He  continued  to  he 
prominently  identified  with  the  earh-  life  of  California  and  Nevada  until 
his  death  in  1881,  and  among  other  business  relations  was  engineer  of  con- 
struction of  the  famous  Virginia  Citv,  Nevada,  mills. 

Joseph  F.  Hook  acquired  a  public  school  education  in  Maine  and  also 
the  liberal  advantages  of  the  Skowhegan  .Acadenn'  and  the  Wesleyan 
Seminary.  For  two  years  he  worked  in  a  store  at  Portland,  Maine,  and 
he  and  his  brother  Albert  were  in  Portland  during  the  big  fire  of  July 
4,  1866.  In  1876  they  engaged  in  business  as  partners  at  San  Francisco, 
conducting  the  Sixth  Street  Bazaar  under  the  name  of  Hook  Brothers  for 
eleven  years. 

.^bout  1887  the  Hook  Brothers  transferred  the  scene  of  their  operations 
to  Perris.  Riverside  County.  A  detailed  story  of  their  business  history 
would  reflect  nearly  every  important  phase  of  development  in  this  section. 
.A.t  Perris  they  erected  a  large  store  building  and  warehouse,  conducting 
a  general  merchandise  store,  dealt  in  implements  and  seed,  operated  a 
barley  mill  and  lumber  yards  in  connection,  anrl  for  venrs  sunnlii-d  mo-f 
of  the  fodder  used  in  the  mining  operations  of  that  district.  These  active 
commcrrinl  interests  thev  sold  in  1919.  and  since  then  Josenh  Hook 
has  been  looking  after  his  projiertv  and  ]iersonal  interests.  Mr.  Hook 
<levoted  much  capital  and  his  personal  enter]irise  to  the  development  of 
the  Imperial  Valley.     At  one  time  he  had  an  interest  in  eight  hundred 


822        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

acres  under  water  there,  six  hundred  forty  acres  of  it  being  a  vast 
alfalfa  field.  Nearly  all  of  this  land  has  since  been  sold,  though  the 
brothers  still  have  interests  there. 

Joseph  Hook  is  a  Royal  Arch  Mason,  is  a  past  master  of  Ferris 
Lodge,  F.  and  A.  M.,  a  member  of  the  Ferris  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and 
as  a  republican  has  represented  his  party  in  Riverside  County  Conventions. 
During  the  Civil  war,  though  a  boy,  he  drilled  with  a  local  company  in 
Maine  so  as  to  be  ready  and  fit  should  the  call  for  active  duty  come. 

In  Lake  County,  California,  December  1,  1880,  Mr.  Hook  married 
Miss  Emma  L.  Burtnett,  of  a  French  Huguenot  family.  She  was  a 
native  of  Illinois,  where  her  father,  Feter  Burtnett,  was  a  mill  owner. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hook  have  six  children :  Joseph  S.,  an  economic  geologist 
and  expert  in  oils,  who  during  the  war  had  charge  of  the  refining  of  the 
oil  for  the  aviation  field  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  is  now  geologist  for  the 
Sinclair  Oil  Company  of  New  York;  Chestina  A.,  wife  of  J.  F.  Seymour, 
an  attorney  at  El  Centro,  California ;  Miss  Edith  L..  an  osteopath  physician 
at  El  Centro ;  Esther  E.,  wife  of  H.  E.  Lane,  of  Van  Nuys  and  the  mother 
of  three  children;  Carroll  A.,  wife  of  Leslie  H.  Brigham.  a  farmer  of 
Lakeside,  California,  and  the  mother  of  one  child ;  and  Miss  Gladys  J., 
wife  of  George  Woodburn,  of   San   Luis   Obispo.  California. 

Albert  W.  Hook  has  been  the  junior  partner  of  Hook  Brothers,  and 
practically  all  his  business  life  has  been  closely  associated  with  his  brother 
Joseph,  also  an  honored  resident  of  Ferris  in  Riverside  County.  Hook 
Brothers  were  in  business  at  San  Francisco,  and  some  thirty-five  years 
ago  transferred  their  interests  to  Ferris,  where  until  recently  they  figured 
prominently  as  merchants,  handling  most  of  the  grain  crops  of  the  valley, 
men  of  large  capital  themselves  and  controlling  capital  that  has  developed 
and  enriched  this  country  for  the  benefit  of  future  generations. 

Albert  \\'.  Hook  was  born  at  Skowhegan,  Maine,  December  11,  1855, 
son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Jane  (Corson)  Hook,  also  natives  of  Maine. 
His  father  came  out  to  California  as  early  as  1850,  via  Panama,  and  in 
1861  identified  himself  permanently  with  California,  expressing  regret 
that  he  had  ever  left  the  state.  He  was  a  millwright,  an  engineer  in  the 
construction  of  many  mills  in  the  West,  and  was  closely  identified  with 
the  pioneer  fortunes  of  both  California  and  Nevada.    He  died  in  1881. 

Albert  W.  Hook  was  thirteen  years  of  age  when  he  joined  his  father 
at  San  Francisco.  He  finished  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
Oakland  and  San  Francisco,  and  served  an  apprenticeship  as  a  machinist 
at  San  Francisco.  Mr.  Hook  confesses  that  he  never  could  get  used  to 
the  whistle,  and  as  soon  as  he  had  served  his  time  he  joined  his  brother 
Joseph,  in  1876,  in  the  firm  of  Hook  Brothers,  conducting  the  Sixth 
Street  Bazaar  at  San  Francisco.  Some  eleven  years  later  they  came  to 
Ferris,  and  until  1919  were  in  business  as  general  merchants,  feed  and 
implement  dealers,  grain  buyers  and  shippers  and  lumbermen.  Hook 
Brothers  at  one  time  had  as  high  as  eight  hundred  acres  under  irrigation, 
growing  alfalfa  in  the  Imperial  Valley. 

Albert  \\'.  Hook  is  a  republican.  In  Lake  County,  California,  April 
25,  1885,  he  married  Miss  Mabel  E.  Merritt,  a  native  daughter.  Her  father, 
Rufus  D.  Merritt,  conducted  a  feed  store  in  Alameda  County  and  later  in 
the  Santa  Clara  Valley,  ller  brother,  Fred  Merritt.  is  now  county  clerk 
of  Lake  County.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hook  have  two  sons.  Rufus  N.,  the 
older,  has  the  Riverside  agency  for  the  ^^'allis  tractor.  He  is  a  master 
of  the  Lodge  of  Masons  at  Ferris.  He  married  Fet  Ellis,  a  native  of 
North  Dakota,  daughter  of  Judge  William  Ellis,  of  Riverside.  Their 
two  children,  Rufus,  Jr.,  and  Elizabeth,  are  botli  attending  school. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        823 

Rolla  Edwin,  the  second  son,  now  an  orchardist  in  Lake  County, 
enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Corps  during  the  war  and  was  in  the  field  at 
San  Francisco,  San  Diego  and  Marshfield  until  after  the  armistice.  He 
married  Miss  Eileen  Allen,  daughter  of  Joseph  Allen,  of  Riverside. 
They  have  one  son,  Kenneth  Allen  Hook. 

Frank  Augustus  Miller — From  the  fundamental  plans  and  con- 
structive developments  to  the  modern  forms  of  beauty  and  atmosphere 
that  are  the  distinctive  features  of  Riverside,  a  lasting  debt  is  due  the 
enterprise  and  practical  idealism  of  the  Miller  family,  which  through  two 
generations  and  for  almost  half  a  century  have  lived  their  lives  and 
expressed  their  ideals  in  this  community. 

The  history  of  Riverside  dates  from  1870,  when  the  Southern  Cali- 
fornia Colony  Association  bought  the  mesa  land  from  Louis  Rubidoux. 
This  land  was  a  waste  and  the  first  efforts  of  the  enterprising  colonists 
from  the  North  Central  and  the  Eastern  States  were  to  construct  an 
irrigating  ditch  and  plant  thousands  of  fruit  and  shade  trees.  In  1874 
the  two  original  navel  orange  trees  from  Washington  were  planted 
at  Riverside,  being  the  foundation  of  the  citrus  industry-  of  California. 
Another  influential  group  of  men  joined  the  Riverside  Colony  that 
year. 

One  of  them  was  Captain  C.  C.  Miller,  chief  engineer  for  the 
company.  Christopher  Columbus  Miller,  who  from  that  date  until 
his  death  was  closely  identified  with  the  growth  and  development  of 
Riverside,  was  born  in  Oneida  County,  New  York,  in  1824,  son  of 
Chauncey  and  Alice  (Rimey)  Miller,  and  grandson  of  Grant  Miller. 
who  as  a  pioneer  built  the  first  house  in  that  section  of  New  York. 
C.  C.  Miller  was  four  years  of  age  when  his  father  died  but  acquired 
a  good  education  in  the  public  schools  of  New  York,  and  when 
about  twenty- one  joined  his  mother  and  stepfather  in  Ohio,  where 
he  entered  Oberlin  College.  Two  years  later  he  entered  Cleve- 
land University,  graduating  in  the  Civil  Engineering  Department  in 
1852.  For  about  two  years  he  was  employed  in  construction  work  on 
the  Illinois  Central  and  Atlantic  &  Ohio  Railroads  and  then  estab- 
lished a  home  at  Tomah,  Wisconsin.  During  the  following  decade  he 
was  identified  with  the  building  of  many  railroads  in  Wisconsin  and 
Minnesota,  and  also  did  much  surveying  in  the  newer  sections  of  those 
states.  At  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  war  he  was  commissioned  captain 
of  Company  M,  49th  Wisconsin  Infantry.  He  was  in  Missouri  under 
General  Dodge  and,  his  engineering  skill  being  recognized,  he  was 
appointed  chief  engineer  for  the  Federal  forces  in  that  district.  He 
served  until  his  honorable  discharge  in  1865.  Subsequently  he  was 
assistant  chief  engineer  in  the  building  of  the  West  Wisconsin  &  St. 
Paul  Railway  and  was  chief  engineer  of  the  Wabash  &  Lake  Superior 
Railway. 

It  was  on  account  of  the  ill  health  of  his  wife  that  he  sought  the 
milder  climate  of  California,  and  in  1872  removed  to  Los  Angeles.  He 
began  his  duties  as  chief  engineer  and  superintendent  of  the  El  Sob- 
ante  de  San  Jacinto  Rancho  at  Riverside  in  June  of  that  year,  and  in 
October  of  the  following  year  nu)\'ed  his  family  to  Riverside  frcmi  their 
home  in  Wisconsin.  He  planned  the  main  irrigation  ditch  and  had 
supervision  of  many  other  important  works,  such  as  the  plotting,  con- 
struction and  tree  planting  on  Magnolia  Avenue.  He  was  the  chief 
engineer  in  the  construction  of  the  Gage  Canal  system,  properly  re- 
ferred to  as  one  of  the  most  important  constructive  enterprises  in  the 


824         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

early  development  of  Riverside  County.  As  a  civil  engineer  his 
services  were  also  called  to  other  projects  in  California  and  Arizona. 

In  1852  Captain  Miller  married  Miss  Mary  Clark,  whose  father 
was  a  physician  in  Lorain  County,  Ohio.  She  was  of  Quaker  ancestry, 
and  though  for  about  twenty  years  after  her  marriage  her  home  was 
in  new  and  undeveloped  countries,  she  never  failed  to  exemplify  the 
culture  and  refinement  that  was  a  matter  of  both  inheri-tance  and 
training.  She  was  a  splendid  horne  maker,  and  her  children  remember 
her  as  one  in  whose  gentle  nature  were  found  mingled  the  elements 
of  sweetness  and  light  and  a  quiet  fondness  based  on  an  unfaltering 
trust  in  the  eternal  goodness  of  God.  In  a  record  of  the  notable 
constructive  influences  flowing  from  the  Miller  family  in  Riverside 
appropriate  credit  should  not  be  withheld  from  this  good  and  noble 
character.  Captain  and  Mrs.  Miller  had  four  children:  Emma,  who 
became  the  wife  of  G.  O.  Newman;  Frank  A.;  Alice,  who  became  the 
wife  of  F.  W.  Richardson  and  who  has  always  been  associated  with 
her  brother  as  manager  of  the  hotel ;  and  Edward  E.,  who  married  Miss 
Emma  C.  Tompkins. 

In  lieu  of  three  hundred  and  seventy-five  dollars  hack  salary  owine 
to  Captain  ]Miller  for  his  services  to  the  Land  Company  there  was 
granted  him  in  1874  the  block  bordered  by  Main  and  Orange  and 
Sixth  and  Seventh  streets,  and  on  that  site  was  built  the  original  adobe 
home  of  the  family.  Frank  Miller,  a  barefoot  boy  under  the  instruc 
tion  of  an  Indian,  made  the  adobe  brick  which  his  father  laid  into 
the  walls.  The  house  when  finished  in  the  summer  of  1876  was  the 
largest  in  Riverside.  In  1877  the  little  hotel  on  an  adjoining  block 
was  burned,  and  the  Miller  family  began  taking  boarders  in  their 
commodious  home.  Those  chiefly  responsible  for  the  service,  which 
became  justly  popular  from  the  start,  were  the  wife  of  Captain  Miller 
and  her  son  Frank  and  daughter  Alice.  It  was  first  called  the  Glen- 
wood  Tavern.  When  other  buildings  were  added  for  additional 
accommodation  the  name  was  changed  to  Glenwood  Cottages,  and  still 
later  to  the  Glenwood  Hotel.  In  1881  Captain  Miller  sold  his  interests 
in  the  Glenwood  Hotel  to  his  son  Frank,  who  has  been  the  owner  for 
the  past  forty  years. 

Frank  Augustus  Miller  was  born  at  Tomah,  Wisconsin,  June  30. 
1858,  and  up  to  the  age  of  fourteen  his  home  was  in  that  state.  He 
had  only  a  limited  opportunity  to  attend  public  school  and  most  of 
his  instruction  was  imparted  to  him  by  his  mother.  Indians  wer^his 
playmates  and  the  outdoor  life  of  the  forest  country  was  a  splendid 
practical  school  for  the  acquisition  of  a  varied  knowledge.  He  fre- 
quently accompanied  his  father  on  surveying  trips  through  the  woods 
and  the  wilderness  country. 

During  the  first  few  years  of  his  residence  at  Riverside  he  worked 
at  any  honorable  labor  to  assist  the  family,  herded  sheep,  drove  mules, 
budded  trees,  clerked  and  acted  as  zanjero.  For  a  time  he  conducted  a 
successful  grocery  business  under  the  name  "Blue  Front." 

The  institution  with  which  Mr.  Miller's  interests  have  been  longest 
identified  and  which  is  in  itself  a  sjjlendid  monument  to  his  ])ublic 
enterprise  and  public  spirit,  is  the  Mission  Inn  of  Riverside,  regarded 
by  many  as  the  most  distinctive  hostelry  in  California  and  starred  by 
Baedeker  as  one  of  the  world's  greatest  hotels.  Historically  it  is  the 
outgrowth  of  the  simple  comforts  furnished  by  the  Miller  family  forty- 
five  vcars  ago  in  Glenwood  Tavern.  The  essential  features  of  the 
iirigiiial  mission  construction,  admirably  adajded  to  the  climate  of 
C'aliturnia.  have  always  prevailed  in  the  successive  groujis  oi  buildings, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        825 

and  there  has  likewise  been  maintained  the  spirit  of  hospitality  of  the 
old  Missions.  The  Spanish  motto  at  Mission  Inn  door  is  "Enter  friend, 
this  is  your  house."  A  part  of  the  old  adobe  home  of  the  Millers  is 
retained  in  the  present  structure,  used  as  a  tea  room.  The  old  Glenwood 
Hotel  finally  became  the  Mis.sion  Inn  of  today.  The  present  mission 
building  was  erected  in  1901,  to  replace  a  number  of  buildings  dating 
from  the  three  previous  decades.  In  1907  Mr.  Miller  made  his  first 
iuiropean  tour,  and  the  result  of  that  was  the  building  of  the  Cloister 
and  the  great  Music  Room  in  1909,  exemplifying  more  of  the  distinctive 
features  of  the  California  Missions.  Mr.  Miller  made  a  special  trip  to 
.Spain  to  secure  old  time  furniture  for  the  Cloister.  Then  followed,  in 
1914,  the  building  of  the  two  Spanish  wings  and  Art  Gallery  and  the  new 
Patio  of  the  Fountain,  in  which  were  incorporated  characteristic  features 
of  Spanish  architecture.  Even  in  its  modern  form  Mission  Inn  emphasizes 
restful  simpHcity,  expressed  in  a  motto  in  the  lobby  :  "Ye  canna  expec' 
to  be  baith  gran  and  comf'table." 

The  Mission  Inn  has  been  repeatedly  described  in  travel  books  and 
magazines,  and  its  charm  has  been  permanently  impressed  upon  everyone 
who  shared  the  hospitable  comforts.  The  Inn  covers  an  entire  block, 
comprising  the  original  tract  granted  to  the  late  Captain  Miller.  It  is 
four  stories  high,  built  in  the  style  of  a  Franciscan  Mission,  furnished, 
decorated  and  filled  with  carvings,  paintings  and  curios  from  the  Missions 
of  Mexico  and  Spain  and  with  art  treasures  from  all  over  the  world. 
Therefore  it  is  not  only  a  luxurious  hotel  but  has  been  well  described  as 
a  library  of  information,  a  museum  of  antiquities,  a  palace  of  fine  arts. 
and  a  place  of  delight  in  which  to  dwell  and  dream  of  the  romance  of 
the  past. 

Some  of  the  features  which  have  been  greatly  admired  and  written 
about  are  the  Cloister  Music  Room  (of  which  Mr.  A.  B.  Benton  was  the 
architect),  with  its  cathedral  organ;  the  Cloister  Walk  and  El  Camino 
Real,  the  Refectorio  or  dinning  room,  the  Carmel  Room  and  the  adjoining 
Carmel  Tower,  the  St.  Cecelia  Wedding  Chapel,  the  Garden  of  the  Bells, 
the  Spanish  Art  Gallery,  and  the  Spanish  Patio ;  also  one  of  the  greatest 
collections  of  Bells  and  Crosses  in  the  world,  and  a  beautiful  altar  of 
exquisite  workmanship  and  covered  with  gold  leaf,  recently  brought  from 
Mexico. 

The  impressive  list  of  distinguished  guests  at  Mission  Inn  includes 
four  presidents — Harrison,  McKinley,  Roosevelt  and  Taft.  While  a 
guest  at  the  Inn  May  7,  1903,  President  Roosevelt,  referring  to  the 
building,  expressed  himself  characteristically:  "I  like  it.  It  is  strong, 
simple  and  genuine — and  strong,  simple  and  genuine  things  are  beauti- 
ful. I  am  delighted  with  the  whole  thing."  On  the  same  day  Mr.  Roose- 
velt replanted  the  original  navel  orange  tree  in  front  of  the  old  Adobe 
and  Campanareo  at  Mission  Inn,  Mrs.  Frank  Miller  handing  the  Pres- 
ident the  spade  with  which  he  executed  the  formality.  Besides  the 
great  interest  attached  to  the  occasion  by  the  presence  of  Mr.  Roose- 
velt there  is  .some  valuable  history  connected  with  the  tree  itself.  In  his 
address  to  Mr.  Roosevelt,  John  G.  North,  president  of  the  Historical 
Society,  said :  "This  little  tree  is  of  importance  and  historic  value  far 
beyond  anything  indicated  by  its  size  or  appearance.  It  is  the  pro- 
genitor of  that  great  industry  which  has  done  most  to  make  Southern 
California  famous.  The  two  trees  of  which  this  is  one,  were  brought 
from  Bahia  in  Brazil  and  sent  to  Riverside  by  the  Agricultural  Depart- 
ment at  Washington  in  the  year  1874.  From  these  two  trees  by  the 
process  of  budding  into  seedling  stock,  all  of  the  navel  orange  trees  of 
California  have  sprung.  We  feel  justified  in  asking  you  to  plant  it  in 
its  new  home  in  order  that  we  may  cherish  and  care  for  it  here  and  that 


826         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

in  our  thoughts  it  may  ever  be  linked  with  the  President  who  planted 
it  for  us." 

David  Starr  Jordan,  while  president  of  Stanford  University,  and 
during  a  visit  to  the  Mission  Inn,  said ;  "It  has  been  left  for  you,  Frank 
Miller,  a  genuine  Calif ornian,  to  dream  of  the  hotel  that  ought  to  be,  to 
turn  your  ideals  into  plaster  and  stone  and  to  give  us  in  mountain-belted 
Riverside  the  hotel  which  a  Californian  can  recognize  as  his  own." 

A  symbol  and  a  replica  of  the  beauty  and  history  of  the  past.  Mission 
Inn  is  rapidly  accumulating  special  historic  associations  of  its  own.  It 
has  been  the  inspiration  for  at  least  one  beautiful  musical  composition. 
Carrie  Jacobs  Bond,  America's  great  song  writer,  was  driving  up  Mount 
Rubidoux  when  her  machine  stalled  on  the  mountain  grade.  She 
walked  down  the  mountain  to  the  Inn,  arriving  while  the  chimes  were 
heralding  the  close  of  day.  The  cross  on  the  mountain,  the  Riverside 
environment  and  the  chimes,  were  the  inspiration  for  the  words  and 
the  music  which  she  composed  into  "The  End  of  a  Perfect  Day." 

"The  New  Alhambra" 

The  cherished  volume  of  my  youth  was  one 

That  held  the  legends  of  a  Moorish  King, 

Who  built  a  palace  in  the  hills  of  Spain. 

It  stood,  when  battlements  and  towers  were  done, 

Protected  and  environed  by  a  ring 

Of  vast  Sierra  and  wide  verdant  plains. 

It  was  a  pleasure  house,  for  regal  state ; 

Splendid  with  courtiers,  brilliant  with  the  gleam 

Of  woman's  jewels,  and  of  warriors'  arms. 

Unfading  summer  lit  its  bannered  gates. 

Ringing  with  song  of  bird  and  mountain  stream. 

And  hid  by  magic  spells  from  war's  alarms. 

It  seems  so  strange,  in  this  far  Western  Land, 

To  find  my  childhood's  palace  of  delight ; 

The  mountains  glistening  in  the  summer  air, 

The  fragrant  orange  groves  the  valleys  fanned 

By  cooling  breezes  from  the  snowy  heights. 

With  roses  upon  roses  everywhere. 

It  is  the  same,  the  terraced  roofs,  the  towers. 

The  arched  portal  and  the  massive  walls. 

The  overhanging  balconies  and  courts. 

The  gay  crowds  idling  through  the  happy  hours, 

In  open  gallery  and  pillared  halls. 

The  music,  and  the  revels,  and  the  sports. 

What  flash  of  genius  caught  the  grace  and  charm 

Of  those  enchanting  stories  of  the  Past, 

And  wrought  them  in  the  Glenwood  of  today, 

\\'hich  stands  a  living  picture,  clear  and  warm. 

Of  that  far  time,  and  on  its  walls  are  cast 

The  splendors  of  an  age  long  passed  away  ? 

M.  L.  E. 
Reminiscent  of  President  Taft's  visit  is  the  great  chair  known  as  the 
Taft  Chair,  occupying  an  honored  position  in  the  lobby  of  the  Inn.  It 
was  made  especially  for  the  occasion,  though  the  President,  when  in- 
troduced to  it  at  the  banquet  following  the  historic  dedicatory  services 
on  Mount  Rubidoux,  offered  the  good-humored  criticism  that  "you  didn't 
need  to  make  it  so  big." 

Of  the  men  chiefly  responsible  for  Mission  Inn  in  its  present  state 
his  friends  unite  in  pronouncing  him  a  rare  combination  of  the  business 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        827 

executive  with  tlie  practical  idealist,  one  who  has  been  able  to  translate 
deeply  consideied  plans  and  projects  into  the  realm  of  reality.  Only  in 
recent  years  has  he  been  considered  one  of  the  men  of  large  capital  in 
Southern  California.  The  success  of  his  achievements  has  been  due  in 
large  part  to  his  ability  to  impart  his  enthusiasm  to  others  and  secure 
the  co-operation  of  moneyed  men  in  his  plans.  Almost  without  excep- 
tion these  enterprises  have  contributed  directly  to  the  general  welfare 
of  Riverside.  One  of  the  first  public  movements  in  which  he  engaged, 
and  to  which  he  gave  strenuous  devotion  for  a  period  of  four  years,  was 
the  project  securing  county  division  and  the  establishment  of  River- 
side as  the  county  seat.  He  went  from  one  end  of  the  state  to  the  other 
to  secure  political  co-operation  and  went  into  politics  himself  largely  to 
achieve  a  result  of  which  he  was  the  only  man  from  Riverside  to 
realize  and  understand  the  eventual  good  that  would  be  derived  there- 
from. 

Probably  because  of  the  Quaker  strain  in  his  ancestry  Mr.  Miller 
was  always  fond  of  the  Indians,  due  also  to  his  boyhood  association  with 
thcni  in  \\'isconsin.  and  the  noted  Indian  school  near  Riverside,  known 
as  the  Sherman  Institute,  is  the  product  of  his  personal  interest,  enthu- 
siasm and  political  work.  He  was  active  in  securing  the  influence  of 
Vice  President  Sherman  through  the  co-operation  of  CoUis  P.  Huntington 
and  Albert  K.  Smiley. 

Wr.  Miller  was  one  of  the  twenty-two  men  who  subscribed  to  the  build- 
ing of  the  first  horse-car  line  to  Arlington.  Later  he  consolidated  the  three 
car  lines,  \\'hile's  Addition,  Hall's  Addition  and  the  Arlington  line,  and 
built  what  was  known  as  the  Riverside  and  .\rlington  Electric  Railway, 
extending  it  to  the  city  parks  and  to  all  depots.  It  was  not  financially 
profitable,  and  after  carrying  the  heavy  burden  for  several  years  he 
induced  Henry  E.  Huntington,  then  the  controlling  factor  of  the 
Southern  Pacific,  to  take  over  the  system,  and  as  a  result  it  is  now 
incorporated  in  the  great  Pacific  Electric  System  of  Southern  California. 

The  first  two  modern  business  blocks  of  Riverside  are  also  credited  to 
the  enterprise  and  initiative  of  Mr;  Miller.  Through  the  co-operation  of 
C.  M.  Loring  and  a  few  local  residents  of  Riverside  he  built  the 
Loring  Ojiera  House,  at  the  time  the  finest  theater  in  Southern  California. 
Later  he  built  the  Rubidoux  Block  on  the  opposite  corner,  that  being  the 
first  three-story  business  block  on  the  street. 

Through  the  generosity  and  co-operation  of  Henry  E.  Huntington  and 
C.  M.  Loring,  after  the  Citv  of  Riverside  had  refused  to  co-operate,  Mr. 
Miller  engineered  and  handled  the  practical  details  in  the  building  of  the 
Rubidoux  Mountain  Drive  and  the  establishment  of  Huntington  Park. 
The  culmination  of  this  project  was  the  dedication  of  the  Father  Serra 
Cross  on  the  mountain.  This  service  was  conducted  by  Bishop  Conaty 
and  fourteen  of  his  clergy.  The  inscription  on  the  tablet  on  the  mountain 
reads:  "Fray  Junipero  Serra,  171,1-1884.  Dedicated  April  26,  1907.  by 
Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  James  Conaty,  Bishop  of  Monterev  and  Los  Angeles, 
in  the  presence  of  many  people."  On  this  occasion  it  is  said  more  dis- 
tinguished men  of  the  state  were  assembled  than  at  any  other  time. 
Besides  the  Catholic  dignitaries  there  were  bishops  of  the  Episcopal 
and  Methodist  churches,  the  governor  of  California  and  private  trains 
with  the  parties  of  Henry  E.  Huntington,  K.  P.  Ripley  of  the  Santa  Fe 
and  United  States  Senator  William  A.  Clark.  Later  President  Taft  un- 
veiled the  tablet  on  the  mountain  in  honor  of  Fray  Junipero  Serra.  This 
tablet  reads :  "The  beginning  of  civilization  in  California.  Fray 
Junipero  Serra,  Apostle,  Legislator,  Builder.  To  commemorate  his 
good  works  this  tablet  is  here  placed.     Unveiled  by  William  Howard 


828         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Taft,  Twenty-seventh  President  of  the  United  States,  October  12, 
A.  D.  1909." 

Reference  has  already  been  made  to  the  banquet  that  followed  the 
services  on  Mount  Rubidoux.  While  it  was  understood  the  President 
would  make  no  speech  on  the  occasion,  the  peace  and  beauty  of  his 
environment  impelled  him  to  say :  "I  think  it  is  fitting  that  the  journey 
should  end  in  a  building  like  this,  constructed  to  commemorate  the  Mis- 
sions that  form  so  important  a  part  in  the  history  of  this  region  which 
we  have  been  privileged  to  visit  today.  I  fully  sympathize  with  the 
desire  to  preserve  as  historical  memorials,  worthy  of  preservation,  these 
Missions  and  the  style  of  architecture  that  the  Missions  represent.  I 
sympathize  with  the  people  of  Riverside  in  desiring  their  Government 
building  constructed  on  the  Mission  plan.  If  we  have  any  past  of  an 
historical  character,  we  ought  not  to  destroy  it,  and  California  is  one  of 
the  few  state?  that  reach  back  far  enough  into  the  past  to  have  memorials 
to  which  you  can  make  the  architecture  accord.  I  am  glad  to  go  out  of 
California  with  the  sweet  and  pleasant  memory  of  this  function  held  in 
such  a  beautiful  mansion  and  suggestive  of  all  the  sweet  romance  of  the 
early  history  of  the  State." 

Upon  the  suggestion  of  Jacob  Riis,  on  the  Easter  following  the  dedi- 
cation of  the  cross,  the  first  Easter  Sunrise  Service  was  held  on  Rubidoux, 
attended  by  about  two  hundred  people.  This  has  since  become  an  annual 
event,  attended  by  twenty  thousand  people. 

Later  still,  on  November  11,  1918,  was  started  the  annual  celebration 
of  the  World's  Peace.  This  service  is  held  at  Sunset  and  should  become 
as  great  as  the  Easter  Sunrise  Service. 

Ever  since  coming  to  Riverside  Mr.  Miller  has  been  a  member  of  the 
First  Congregational  Church,  and  for  a  number  of  years  urged  among 
his  fellow  members  the  importance  of  a  permanent  edifice  whose  archi- 
tecture should  be  fitting  the  environment.  The  result  is  the  third  building 
of  the  Church,  one  of  the  finest  examples  of  church  architecture  on  the 
Coast,  in  the  Spanish  Renaissance-Gothic  style. 

June  1.  1880,  Frank  A.  Miller  married  Miss  Isabella  Demarest  Hard- 
enberg.  She  died  in  July,  1908.  For  thirty  years  or  more  she  had  been 
one  of  the  very  useful  influences  in  Riverside  educational  and  social  affairs, 
having  been  the  first  school  principal  in  Riverside  and  one  of  the  first 
women  teachers  in  the  district,  and  was  closely  associated  with  Mr. 
Miller  in  the  execution  of  many  of  his  plans,  particularly  those  relating 
to  the  Mission  Inn.  One  daughter  survives  her.  Alice  Hardenberg 
Miller,  now  wife  of  DeWitt  Hutchings,  who  is  assistant  manager  of  the 
Mission  Inn.  December  8,  1910,  Mr.  Miller  married  Miss  Marian  L. 
Clark,  of  Riverside. 

Benjamin  Stone  has  been  a  resident  of  Highgrove,  Riverside  County, 
for  the  past  several  years,  within  which  he  has  marked  for  him.self  secure 
vantage-place  as  one  of  the  successful  orange-growers  of  this  section 
of  the  state.  In  his  yigorous  business  activities  he  has  bought  and  sold 
much  real  estate  in  California,  a?  well  as  in  other  states  of  the  Union,  and 
his  investments  have  brought  to  him  substantial  financial  returns.  He  has 
been  in  the  most  positive  sense  one  of  the  world's  constructive  workers, 
and  he  has  found  it  difficult  to  abate  his  energetic  business  activities.  About 
twelve  years  ago  he  purchased  a  fine  home  in  the  City  of  Los  Angeles, 
with  the  intention  of  retiring  from  active  business  and,  with  his  wife, 
enjoying  the  quiet  life  and  many  attractions  of  this  home.  Within  a 
short  time,  however,  both  rebelled  against  the  inactivity,  and  sought  the 
open  spaces,  where,  as  he  has  said,  he  could  find  opportunity  once  more 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES         829 

for  imlliiig  liis  iiiu.^les  into  pla}-  atu]  where  Mi>.  Stmie  could  breathe 
freely.  Mr.  Stone  was  lormcrly  an  active  worker  and  official  in  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  but  of  later  years  he  has  had  revelations 
which,  he  says,  have  made  him  a  seeker  after  truth  for  its  own  sake,  and 
he  is  using  his  mental  powers  in  an  attempt  to  find  truth  and  to  know  its 
proper  application  to  human  destinies.  In  his  search,  with  no  thought 
of  founding  a  so-called  "cult,"  he  has  gained  an  appreciable  following  on 
the  part  of  others  seeking  for  light,  and  he  finds  his  attractive  ranch 
home  at  Highgrove  an  ideal  place  for  study,  self-communion  and  psy- 
chological and  philosophical  research. 

Mr.  Stone  was  born  at  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  April  26,  1858,  and  is 
a  son  of  Edward  and  Mary  (Phillips)  Stone  both  natives  of  England. 
The  father  became  a  prosperous  framer  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  was  also 
a  successful  contractor  in  connection  with  railway  construction  under 
the  direct  supervision  and  control  of  the  Government  of  Nova  Scotia, 
where  he  and  his  wife  continued  to  reside  until  the  close  of  their  lives, 
both  having  been  nearly  eighty  years  of  age  at  death. 

■  The  schools  of  his  native  city  and  province  afforded  to  Benjamin 
Stone  his  youthful  education,  and  after  leaving  school  he  was  identified 
with  farm  work  near  Halifax  during  a  period  of  one  year.  He  then 
went  to  the  City  of  Boston,  Massachusetts,  where  he  served  the  practical 
apprenticeship  that  made  him  a  skilled  mason  in  both  brick  and  stone 
work.  He  followed  his  trade  in  Boston  until  he  came  westward,  and 
was  similarly  engaged  in  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  where 
he  remained  about  thirteen  years.  He  then  became  a  mason  contractor 
at  Lewiston,  Idaho,  where  he  remained  nine  years  and  built  up  a  pros- 
perous business.  He  passed  the  following  two  years  in  similar  enterprise 
in  the  City  of  Spokane,  Washington,  and  he  then  bought  a  tract  of  land 
near  Clarkston,  that  state,  a  place  which  lies  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
Snake  River  from  Lewiston,  Idaho.  There  he  gave  his  attention  for 
five  years  to  the  development  and  care  of  an  orchard  of  peaches  and 
apples,  and  during  the  major  part  of  this  period  he  was  president  of  the 
Asotin  County  Fruit  Growers  Association,  besides  which  he  served 
three  years  as  a  member  of  the  School  Board  of  his  district.  He  finally 
left  his  fruit  ranch  and  returned  to  Spokane,  where  he  remained  four 
years  and  where  he  is  still  the  owner  of  a  residence  property  and  other 
realty. 

In  1909  Mr.  Stone  came  to  California  and  purchased  a  home  property 
in  Los  Angeles,  but  he  soon  wearied  of  the  inactivity  of  a  so-called  retired 
life,  with  the  result  that  he  sold  this  property  and  purchased  thirty  acres 
of  land  near  Ontario,  San  Bernardino  County,  where  he  gave  his  attention 
to  the  raising  of  apricots,  .peaches  and  grapes.  After  the  expiration  of 
two  years  he  sold  this  fruit  ranch  and  bought  a  residence  property  at 
Inglewood,  one  of  the  surburbs  of  Los  Angeles,  but  six  months  later 
he  sold  this  place  and  purchased  an  apartment  house,  the  ownership  of 
which  he  retained  one  year.  Upon  selling  this  latter  property  he  bought 
a  ten-acre  orange  grove  at  Highgrove,  Riverside  County,  and  here  he  and 
his  wife  have  since  maintained  their  home.  He  is  owner  al.so  of  the  old 
Coleman  fruit  grove  of  ten  acres  on  Pennsylvania  and  Ottawa  Avenues. 
He  is  one  of  the  members  of  the  Highgrove  fruit-exchange,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Sierra  Vista  Fruit  Growers  Association.  Mr.  Stone  says 
that  he  has  been  identified  with  manifold  lines  of  business  enterprises,  but 
that  he  found  the  growing  of  oranges  the  most  attractive  of  all,  even  as 
it  proves  the  most  remunerative,  as  gauged  by  the  labor  and  attention 
involved.     He  and  his  wiie,  whose  maiden  name  was  Sarah  Davenport, 


830         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

have  a  wide  circle  of  loyal  and  valued  friends  in  the  community  which 
ri-presents  their  permanent  home.     Mrs.  Stone  is  a  native  of  Canada. 

William  E.  V\"hite,  one  of  the  successful  orange-growers  of  River- 
side County,  has  no  small  measure  of  pioneer  distinction  in  connection 
with  the  civic  and  industrial  development  of  this  favored  section  of 
California,  for  here  he  established  his  residence  fully  thirty-five  years 
ago,  when  the  now  beautiful  City  of  Riverside  was  little  more  than  a 
straggling  village.  In  the  early  period  of  his  residence  here  he  found 
employment  to  a  large  extent  in  the  picking  of  grapes  that  were  to  be 
dried  into  raisins,  and  he  recalls  that  entire  blocks  of  land  now  in  the 
business  district  of  Riverside  were  then  devoted  to  grape  culture,  the 
while  a  brick  house,  in  the  center  of  an  orange  grove,  occupied  a  site  on 
the  block  where  the  county  Court  House  now  stands.  The  opera  house 
of  the  town  was  thus  designated  by  a  name  that  belied  its  primitive 
construction,  for  the  building  was  made  of  ten-foot  boards  that  were 
placed  on  end  and  in  series  to  constitute  the  walls  of  the  structure,  which 
was  then  provided  with  a  roof  of  similarly  rude  construction.  He  finds 
satisfaction  in  having  witnessed  and  taken  part  in  the  splendid  march  of 
development  and  progress  in  what  is  now  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
districts  of  one  of  the  most  wonderful  states  in  the  Union. 

Mr.  White  was  born  in  Tippecanoe,  Indiana,  Agust  12,  1860,  and  in 
the  following  year  his  parents  removed  to  a  farm  in  Newton  County, 
that  state,  where  he  was  reared  to  adult  age,  his  educational  advantages 
having  been  those  of  the  public  schools  of  the  locality  and  period.  His 
parents,  Samuel  1.  and  Mary  Ann  (Best)  White,  were  born  and  reared  in 
the  old  Hoosier  State,  both  being  representatives  of  families,  of  English 
origin,  that  were  founded  in  America  in  the  Colonial  days  and  both  of 
which  gave  patriot  soldiers  to  the  nation  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 
Samuel  I.  White  was  a  prosperous  farmer  in  Indiana  at  the  inception  of 
the  Civil  war,  and  though  he  was  called  into  military  service  he  was 
rejected  by  reason  of  the  fact  that  a  missing  tooth  incapacitated  him  for 
biting  the  rifle  cartridges,  a  necessary  action  on  the  part  of  the  soldiers, 
who  thus  prepared  the  missiles  for  the  weapons.  Samuel  I.  White  and 
his  wife  came  to  Riverside  County,  California,  in  1887,  about  one  year 
later  than  their  son  William,  and  on  what  is  now  Kansas  Avenue,  River- 
side, Samuel  I.  White  purchased  five  acres  of  unimproved  land,  which 
he  planted  to  orange  trees  and  upon  which  he  erected  the  house  which 
continued  to  be  the  abiding  place  of  him  and  his  wife  during  the  remainder 
of  their  lives.  He  gave  his  attention  to  the  care  of  his  orange  grove 
until  the  clone  of  his  life,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  were  honored  pioneer 
citizens  at  the  time  of  their  deaths,  their  remains  being  laid  to  rest  in 
Olivewood  Cemetery. 

William  E.  \\'hite  continued  to  be  associated  with  the  work  of  his 
father's  Indiana  farm  until  1883,  when  he  took  unto  himself  a  wnfe  and 
also  initiated  his  independent  career  as  a  farmer.  In  1886  he  and  his  wife 
came  to  California  and  established  their  residence  in  Riverside,  where 
he  purchased  a  home  property  on  Orange  Grove  Avenue.  This  he  later 
sold,  and  he  then  purchased  thirty  acres  on  the  boulevard  in  W'est  River- 
side, where  he  remained  eleven  years,  within  which  he  made  excellent 
improvements  on  the  place.  After  selling  this  property  he  returned  to 
Indiana,  in  company  with  his  family,  and  there  they  remained  from  March 
until  the  following  October,  when  they  came  again  to  Riverside.  He 
purchased  ten  acres  of  land  in  Redlands,  but  subsequently  sold  this 
place.  He  next  bought  the  Gallagher  place  of  thirty-five  acres,  just 
across  the  bridge  in  West  Riverside,  and  there  he  gave  his  attention  to  the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         831 

raising  of  alfalfa  and  the  conducting  of  a  dairy.  lie  continued  tlie 
dairy  business  eighteen  months,  with  a  herd  of  eighty-five  cows,  from 
which  he  supplied  the  local  patrons  with  eight  hundred  quarts  of  milk 
daily.  Thereafter  he  was  for  a  number  of  years  foreman  of  the  Bradley 
Ranch  on  Arlington  Heights.  A  home  property  which  he  purchased  at 
230  East  Sixth  Street  he  later  exchanged  for  a  ten-acre  orange  grove 
at  the  junction  of  Iowa  and  Indianapolis  Avenues,  and  here  the  family 
home  has  since  been  established.  When  the  property  came  into  his  posses- 
sion the  grove  was  badly  run  down,  but  by  proper  cultivation  and  fertiliz- 
ing he  has  rejuvenated  the  same  and  brought  it  into  a  high  state  of  pro- 
ductiveness, the  fruit  here  produced  being  shipped  through  the  medium  of 
Riverside  Exchange  No.  10.  In  addition  to  caring  for  his  own  grove 
JMr.  NN'hite  has  charge  also  of  forty  additional  acres  of  orange-producing 
land  for  the  owners,  and  when  his  eldest  son  is  at  home  they  jointly  care 
for  about  one  hundred  acres  of  orange  groves.  Mr.  White  is  a  liberal 
and  progressive  citizen,  is  a  stalwart  republican  and  has  been  active  in 
connection  with  local  political  atTairs,  as  he  has  served  on  the  republican 
committee  of  his  home  county  and  that  of  the  City  of  Riverside,  and  has 
been  a  delegate  to  state  and  county  conventions  of  the  party.  He  and  his 
family  attend  the  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Riverside. 

October  14,  1883,  recorded  the  marriage  of  Mr.  White  with  Miss 
Melvina  Nelson,  who  likewise  was  born  and  reared  in  Indiana,  and  they 
have  four  sons :  Frank  E.,  who  is  now  a  prosperous  farmer  in  the  State 
of  Indiana,  is  married  and  has  one  daughter,  Melvina ;  Charles  Walter, 
who  is  engaged  in  the  wholesale  meat  business  at  Riverside,  married 
Sarah,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Moore,  and  they  have  two  daughters, 
Dorothy  and  Margaret ;  Arthur  E.  is  engaged  in  the  automobile  business 
in  the  City  of  Parkersburg,  \\'est  Virginia ;  Leonard,  now  an  employe  of 
the  Riverside  Title  Company,  entered  the  nation's  military  service  at  the 
time  of  the  World  war,  was  assigned  to  an  artillery  regiment,  but  was 
at  San  Diego  at  the  time  when  the  armistice  brought  the  war  to  a  close, 
his  discharge  being  given  him  shortly  afterward. 

William  A.  Hart  has  been  a  resident  of  California  since  1897  and 
that  he  has  profited  by  the  advantages  ofTered  in  Riverside  County  is 
shown  in  his  ownership  of  three  well  improved  and  finely  productive 
orange  groves  of  the  Highgrove  district.  His  appreciation  has  been 
shown  in  loyal  and  progressive  citizenship,  and  he  is  one  of  the  substantial 
and  representative  fruit-growers  and  popular  citizens  of  Riverside 
County. 

Mr.  Hart  was  born  near  Maryville,  Blount  County,  Tennessee,  on 
the  14th  of  May,  1869,  and  is  a  son  of  the  late  John  and  Sarah  J.  (Mc- 
Campbell)  Hart,  both  of  whom  passed  their  entire  lives  in  Tennessee. 
The  lineage  of  the  Hart  family  traces  back  to  staunch  Welsh  origin, 
and  the  grandfather  of  John  Hart  was  a  patriot  soldier  of  the  Continental 
Line  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution,  after  the  close  of  which  he  became 
a  pioneer  settler  in  Eastern  Tennessee.  John  Hart  became  one  of  the 
prosperous  farmers  of  his  native  state,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  were 
honored  citizens  of  Blount  County,  Tennessee,  at  the  time  of  their  deaths. 
Mrs.  Hart  likewise  was  of  Revolutionary  ancestry  and  was  of  Scotch 
descent. 

The  activities  of  the  home  farm  early  began  to  enlist  the  attention 
of  William  A.  Hart,  and  he  gained  his  youthful  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  county.  He  initiated  his  independent  career  as  a 
farmer  in  Tennessee,  where  he  continued  his  activities  as  such  until 
1897,    when,   at   the    age   of   twenty-eight   years,    he   came    to    Southern 


832         SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RI\ERS1DK  COUXTIES 

California.  After  here  being  in  the  employ  of  others  for  two  and  one-half 
years  he  purchased  an  orange  grove  of  seven  and  one-half  acres  near 
Highgrove,  and  to  this  he  later  added  until  he  now  has  an  excellent  place 
of  fifteen  acres,  devoted  to  the  propagation  of  navel  oranges.  He  gives 
his  close  attention  to  the  management  of  this  valuable  property,  and  sub- 
stantial success  has  attended  his  activities  as  one  of  the  representative 
orange-growers  of  Riverside  County.  He  is  a  republican  in  politics,  and 
while  still  a  resident  of  Tennessee  he  served  two  terms  as  constable. 
Walter  S.,  the  only  child  of  Mr.  Hart's  first  marriage,  resides  in  the 
City  of  Los  Angeles. 

On  the  27th  of  April,  1920,  at  Los  Angeles,  was  solemnized  the 
marriage  of  Mr.  Hart  with  Mrs.  Ida  Taylor,  of  Highgrove,  and  she 
is  the  popular  chatelaine  of  their  pleasant  home. 

Ben  Loan  Holmes  recently  completed  forty  years  of  service  with 
the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  and  affiliated  lines.  It  was  a  notable  service, 
marked  by  faithfulness,  usefulness  and  an  ability  measured  by  steady 
promotion  up  the  grades  of  responsibility.  San  Bernardino  has  a  special 
appreciation  of  Mr.  Holmes,  since  for  the  past  twelve  years  he  has  had 
charge  of  the  terminal  interests  here  as  local  freight  and  passenger  agent. 
Mr.  Holmes  was  born  at  Lexington,  Missouri,  son  of  Edward  Christian 
and  Jane  (Hughes)  Holmes  and  has  a  complete  American  inheritance 
running  back  into  the  Colonial  period  of  history. 

Ben  Loan  Holmes  attended  public  school  at  Lexington,  Missouri,  until 
1876,  when  his  father  moved  to  Kansas.  He  continued  his  education  in 
public  schools  of  Hutchinson,  Kansas,  having  one  year  in  High  School, 
and  then  accompanied  his  father-to  a  farm  in  Rice  Countv,  Kansas,  where 
he  lived  and  worked  from  1879  until  1881. 

In  August,  1881,  leaving  the  farm,  Mr.  Holmes  secured  his  first 
work  with  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company.  The  only  important  inter- 
ruption to  his  continuous  service  was  from  February  to  June,  1882,  when 
he  was  employed  in  the  hardware  store  of  the  W.  C.  Edwards  Lumber 
Company  of  Little  River,  Kansas.  In  June,  1882,  he  again  joined  the 
Santa  Fe  Railroad  Company,  as  clerk  in  the  local  freight  office  at  Santa 
Fe,  New  Mexico.  Two  years  later  he  was  transferred  to  the  local  freight 
office  at  Wallace,  New  Mexico,  remaining  there  a  year,  and  in  March. 
1885,  went  to  Gallup,  New  Mexico,  as  an  employe  of  the  Atlantic  and 
Pacific,  now  part  of  the  Santa  Fe  system.  For  three  years  he  was  at 
work  in  diiTerent  departments,  chiefly  in  train  and  vard  service,  and  also 
as  a  telegraph  operator  and  clerk.  In  March.  1888.  he  was  appointed 
agent  for  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  at  Coolidge,  New  Mexico,  one  hundred 
thirty-six  miles  west  of  Albuquerque.  This  was  then  a  freight  division, 
but  subsequently  the  division  headquarters  were  removed  to  Gallup,  and  in 
March,  1890.  Mr.  Holmes  was  appointed  agent  at  Peach  Springs,  Arizona, 
a  freight  division  point.  In  December,  1891,  he  was  transferred  to 
Needles,  San  Bernardino  County,  California,  where  he  remained  until 
November,  1897.  In  the  meantime  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  had  been 
changed  to  the  Santa  Fe  Pacific  and  was  operated  under  lease  by  the 
Santa  Fe  Companv.  While  at  Needles  Mr.  Holmes  was  station  agent. 
In  November,  1897,  he  again  returned  to  Gallup,  and  remained  on  duty 
at  that  freight  terminal  until  March,  1903.  Then  followed  a  six  months, 
rest  and  vacation,  which  he  spent  in  California,  and  in  November  of  that 
year,  when  he  reported  for  dutv,  he  was  sent  as  agent  for  a  short  period 
to  Ash  Fork,  and  in  May,  1904,  was  put  in  charge  of  the  freight  and 
oassenger  terminal  at  Winslow.  Then,  in  November,  1909,  he  came  to 
San  Bernardino  as  local  freight  and  passenger  agent  and  in  charge  of 
the  terminal,  with  jurisdiction  over  operations  and  jointly  in  charge  of 


SAX  BEKXAKI)IX( )  AXi)  RI\'ERSIDE  COUXTIES         833 

the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Railways  and  the  Los  Angeles  &  Salt 
Lake  Railroads  business  under  this  title.  Those  are  the  important 
responsibilities  he  continues  as  his  present  duties. 

In  San  Bernardino  Mr.  Holmes  has  at  all  limes,  consistent  with 
his  business,  related  himself  to  conmiunity  activities,  directing  his  influence 
where  it  would  be  most  effective  in  the  public  welfare.  He  has  for  several 
years  been  a  director  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  for  eight  years 
was  on  the  executive  board  of  the  National  Orange  Show.  He  is  a  Knight 
Templar  and  thirty-second  degree  Scottish  Rite  Mason  and  Shriner  and 
member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  of  Elks. 

On  October  20,  1886,  he  married,  Miss  Mary  Louise  Lawrence,  a 
native  of  Illinois. 

Fred  Alden  Briggs,  who  is  numbered  among  the  representative 
orange-growers  of  Riverside  County  and  who  is  an  enthusiast  in  all  that 
is  expressed  in  climate,  advantages  and  attractions  of  Southern  California, 
claims  the  old  Pine  Tree  State  as  the  place  of  his  nativity  and  is  a  scion 
of  families  that  were  founded  in  New  England,  that  cradle  of  much  of 
our  national  history,  in  the  early  Colonial  era.  He  was  born  at  Auburn, 
Maine,  October  2,  1864,  and  is  a  son  of  Alden  G.  and  Louise  (Hutchins) 
Briggs,  both  of  whom  passed  their  entire  lives  as  residents  of  Maine,  the 
lineage  of  each  of  the  fainilies  tracing  back  to  English  origin  and 
representatives  of  each  having  been  patriot  American  soldiers  in  the 
War  of  the  Revolution,  the  mother  of  Alden  G.  Briggs  having  been  a 
member  of  the  historic  Alden  family  and  a  lineal  descendant  of  John 
Alden. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  state  Fred  A.  Briggs  gained  hi$ 
earlier  education,  which  was  supplemented  by  his  there  attending  Hebron 
Academy.  On  account  of  the  impaired  health  of  his  father  he  early 
assumed  much  responsibility  in  connection  with  the  work  of  the  home 
farm,  and  he  continued  his  active  association  with  farm  industry  in 
Maine  until  1898,  when  he  came  to  California  and  made  Riverside 
County  his  objective  point,  one  of  his  brothers  having  passed  two  winters 
at  Riverside  by  reason  of  ill  health,  and  Fred  A.  having  come  for  a 
visit  during  one  winter.  Mr.  Briggs  was  so  deeply  impressed  with  the 
wonderful  attractions  of  Southern  California,  in  contradistinction  to 
austeric  climatic  conditions  in  New  England,  that  he  hurried  back  home 
to  dispose  of  his  property  interests  in  the  Pine  Tree  State,  with  the  view 
to  establishing  a  permanent  residence  in  California.  Two  years  elapsed  ere 
he  was  able  to  make  the  desired  adjustment  in  his  affairs  in  Maine,  and 
within  this  period  he  married  one  of  the  charming  daughters  of  his 
native  state,  she  having  accompanied  him  to  the  new  home  in  California. 
On  Iowa  Avenue,  Riverside,  Mr.  Briggs  purchased  a  ten-acre  orange 
grove,  and  on  the  tract  he  erected  his  modern  house,  which  has  since 
represented  the  family  home.  He  has  since  acquired  another  orange 
grove  of  ten  acres,  near  the  corner  of  Iowa  and  Indianapolis  avenues, 
and  also  a  grove  of  eight  acres  in  the  Highgrove  district  of  Riverside, 
this  place  being  bounded  by  Central,  Colton  and  Iowa  avenues.  All  of 
the  groves  are  on  paved  highways,  and  the  one  last  mentioned  is  sur- 
rounded by  three  concrete  highways  of  the  most  modern  type.  Mr. 
Briggs  is  known  as  one  of  the  progressive  and  successful  exponents  of 
orange  culture  in  this  section  of  the  state  and  ships  his  products  through 
the  medium  of  the  Riverside  Heights  Exchange  No.  10,  of  which  he 
is  a  director.  He  is  an  active  member  of  the  Highgrove  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  is  aligned  in  the  ranks  of  the  republican  party  and  is  affiliated 


834         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

with  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons, 
at  Riverside. 

At  North  Auburn,  Maine,  on  the  4th  of  December,  1896,  Mr.  Briggs 
wedded  Miss  Jennie  E.  Edmunds,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Edmunds,  who 
Hkewise  was  born  in  Maine,  of  English  hneage  and  of  fine  old  American 
Colonial  stock,  he  having  served  as  a  gallant  soldier  of  the  Union  in  the 
Civil  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Briggs  have  three  children :  Ernest  E.,  who 
was  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  in  1917,  is  associated 
with  his  father  in  the  management  of  the  orange  groves,  and  though 
he  became  a  member  of  the  artillery  service  of  the  United  States  Army 
at  the  time  of  the  World  war  he  was  not  called  overseas,  the  armistice 
having  been  signed  before  his  command  could  be  thus  requisitioned. 
Dwight  L.  likewise  assists  in  the  work  and  management  of  his  father's 
orange  groves,  and  Fred  Alden,  Jr.,  is  the  youngest  of  the  children,  not 
yet  of  school  age  at  the  time  of  this  writing,  in  1921.  One  son,  Ralph, 
was  eight  years  of  age  when  he  met  a  tragic  death  in  an  automobile 
accident. 

Frederick  Hutchins,  M.  D.,  an  uncle  of  Mr.  Briggs,  is  one  of  the 
venerable  pioneer  citizens  of  California,  he  having  come  to  this  state 
in  1851,  at  the  height  of  the  excitement  incidental  to  the  discovery  of 
gold,  and  his  home  being  now  at  Woodbridge,  San  Joaquin  County.  The 
Doctor  is  about  eighty-six  years  of  age. 

Harry  C.  Crf.f.  grew  to  manhood  in  Riverside  County  and  had  ex- 
tensive experience  in  newspaper  work  before  he  was  first  inducted  into 
the  office  of  city  clerk  of  Riverside,  a  post  of  duty  he  has  held  now  for 
nearly  ten  years. 

Mr.  Cree  was  born  at  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  September  2,  1872.  His 
family  on  his  father's  side  settled  in  Virginia  in  Colonial  times,  his  grand- 
father, Hamilton  Cree,  having  been  born  in  what  is  now  West  Virginia. 
His  father,  the  late  John  Martin  Cree,  was  an  Iowa  farmer  and  manu- 
facturer. He  brought  his  family  to  California  in  1885.  John  Martin  Cree 
married  Lenora  Nagle,  a  native  of  Ohio,  who  is  now  living  in  Fresno 
County  with  her  son  Chester. 

Harry  C.  Cree  was  twelve  years  of  age  when  the  family  came  to 
what  is  now  Riverside  County,  completing  his  grammar  and  high  school 
education  under  Edward  Hyatt  and  doing  some  academic  work  at  ChafTey 
College,  Ontario.  He  became  interested  in  the  printing  trade  while 
a  student  in  high  school,  and  his  first  experience  in  newspaper  work  was 
in  1895,  when  he  became  associated  with  Mr.  Hyatt  in  the  publication 
of  the  San  Jacinto  Searchlight  during  the  memorable  county  campaign 
of  that  year.  Mr.  Hyatt  had  up  to  that  time  been  principal  of  the  San 
Jacinto  schools.  In  1895  he  was  elected  county  superintendent  of  schools, 
and  subsequently  state  superintendent  of  public  instruction.  After  Mr. 
Hyatt  had  entered  upon  the  duties  of  county  superintendent  Mr.  Cree 
entered  the  University  of  the  Pacific  to  continue  his  study  of  the  classics, 
begun  in  the  academy. 

After  leaving  college  Mr.  Cree  assumed  charge  of  the  mechanical 
department  of  the  Ontario  Record  under  R.  C.  P.  Smith,  and  later  had 
editorial  charge  of  the  Pomona  Beacon.  Returning  to  Riverside,  he 
was  employed  by  the  Riverside  Daily  Press  until  1903,  when  he  accepted 
a  position  in  the  Preston  School  of  Industry  under  William  T.  Randall, 
formerly  dean  of  ChafTey  College.  For  two  years  Mr.  Cree  was  in  charge 
of  the  printing  department  of  the  Preston  School  at  lone,  and  was  also 
made  captain  of  one  of  the  newly  created  school  companies,  over  which 
he  had  general  supervision.    While  at  Chaflfey  College,  where  Mr.  Randall 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        835 

was  d(.aii,  Mr.  Crc-c  helped  to  establish  and  edited  the  Chaffey  Argus,  a 
college  iiiagaziiic.  and  at  lone,  at  Air.  Randall's  request,  he  assumed 
charge  of  the  publication  of  the  Preston  School  Outlook. 

In  1906,  acting  for  the  Riverside  Daily  Press,  Mr.  Cree  established 
and  took  active  charge  of  a  weekly  paper  at  Corona,  which  in  1907 
became  the  Corona  Independent,  after  having  been  taken  over  by  a 
stock  company.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  he  accepted  a  reportorial  position 
with  the  Riverside  Daily  Press  under  E.  P.  Clarke,  filling  the  position  of 
assistant  city  editor  until  August,  1912,  when  he  resigned  to  fill  a  vacancy 
in  the  ofiice  of  city  clerk.  At  the  next  general  election  he  was  chosen 
for  the  remainder  of  the  unexpired  term  and  by  reelection  has  been 
retained  in  the  service  of  the  city  to  date. 

In  politics  Mr.  Cree  has  been  a  republican.  He  is  affiliated  with  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Brotherhood  of  American 
Veoiuen,  and  is  secretary  of  the  Kiwanis  Club.  As  one  of  the  officers 
of  the  First  Baptist  Church  his  newspaper  experience  naturally  resulted  in 
his  selection  as  chairman  of  its  publicity  committee.  He  married  Miss 
Ethel  Baldwin  at  Riverside  June  30,  1903.  She  was  born  in  Illinois.  Her 
mother,  Mrs.  M.  C.  Baldwin,  is  a  resident  of  Riverside.  The  four  children 
of  their  union  are  :  Meredith,  a  junior  in  the  Boys'  Polytechnic  High 
School ;  Pauline,  a  student  in  the  Girls'  High  School ;  and  Genevieve  and 
Clarence,  who  are  in  the  gramiuar  school. 

George  H.  Seager  is  now  on  the  full  tide  of  activities  as  a  young 
business  man  of  San  Bernardino,  is  a  partner  in  the  Independent  Feed 
and  Fuel  Company  of  that  city,  and  is  the  type  of  citizen  frequently 
selected  and  importuned  for  public  service,  and  has  responded  to  such 
calls  so  far  as  is  consistent  with  his  other  obligations. 

Air.  Seager  has  spent  most  of  his  life  in  Southern  California,  but  was 
born  at  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  April  23,  1889.  son  of  Herbert  W.  and 
Harriet  ( Barstow )  Seager,  both  residents  of  Redlands,  where  his  father 
is  manager  of  the  Redlands-Highland  Fruit  Exchange.  They  are  mem- 
bers of  old  American  families  and  his  father  was  born  in  New  York 
State  and  his  mother  in  Ohio. 

George  H.  Seager  attended  public  school  at  Minneapolis  until  he 
was  thirteen,  when,  in  1902,  his  parents  moved  to  Redlands,  where  he 
continued  in  school  until  graduating  from  high  school  in  1908.  The 
following  year  he  spent  on  his  father's  ranch  in  the  Imperial  Valley. 
and  in  1909  removed  to  San  Bernardino.  For  three  years  he  was  manager 
of  the  Independent  Ice  Company  and  then  bought  the  feed  and  fuel 
business  of  that  corporation  and  has  continued  it  under  the  naiue  of  the 
Independent  Feed  &  Fuel  Company.  Since  1915  his  partner  has  been 
Oscar  A.  Peterson.  The  company  has  developed  a  splendid  service 
and  a  large  and  appreciative  patronage,  doing  a  retail  business  in  seeds, 
grain,  feed,  poultry  supplies  and  fuel. 

Mr.  Seager  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Mer- 
chants Association.  He  has  taken  the  part  of  a  leader  in  local  republican 
politics,  has  served  on  the  City  Central  Committee,  and  in  former  days 
represented  the  party  in  county  and  city  conventions.  At  the  special 
election  in  1918  he  was  chosen  city  councilman  from  the  Fourth  \\'ard 
for  a  period  of  three  years.  Recently  he  was  nominated  by  the  Better 
City  Club  for  re-election,  but  owing  to  the  pressure  of  his  private  business 
declined  the  honor.  He  has  been  on  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  for  five  years,  and  Mayor  Henderson 
appointed  him  a  iriember  of  the  Cemetery  Commission,  where  he  is 
still  serving.     He  is  superintendent  of  the  Sunday   School  of  the  First 


836         SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES 

Congregational  Church.  Mr.  Seager  is  one  of  the  Deacons  of  Phoenix 
Lodge  Xo.  178,  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  a  member  of  the  Royal  Arch 
Chapter  and  Council,  is  a  past  council  commander  of  the  Woodmen  of 
the  World  and  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  Xo.  836,  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Elks. 

April  29,  1912,  at  Sierra  Madre,  he  married  Miss  Helen  H.  Peterson, 
daughter  of  his  partner  in  business,  Oscar  A.  Peterson.  Their  two  children 
are  Jane  Harriet,  born  in  1913,  and  Donald  Barstow,  born  in  1920. 

Roy  Struble  Gibbs,  physician  of  San  Bernardino,  has  firmly  estab- 
lished himself  in  the  front  ranks  of  the  practitioners  of  that  city  where 
practically  his  entire  professional  life  has  been  spent.  He  came  to  San 
Bernardino  February  3,  1903,  and  has  since  built  up  a  fine  practice  and 
drawn  to  himself  hosts  of  friends  appreciative  not  only  of  his  ministrations 
to  their  physical  ills  but  of  his  many  sterling  quaHties. 

Dr.  Gibbs  was  born  in  Ithaca,  Xew  York,  February  15,  1870.  son  of 
Wesley  Davidson  and  Xettie  Struble  (Learn)  Gibbs.  Both  father  and 
mother  were  natives  of  Xew  York  State.  His  father  was  a  musician  and 
engaged  in  the  music  business.  In  the  year  1879  he  moved  with  his 
family  to  California,  sojourning  for  a  few  months  in  San  Francisco 
but  early  in  1880  moving  on  to  Los  Angeles.  Early  in  1881  he  decided 
to  try  the  wilds  of  pioneering  life  in  San  Diego  County.  He  remained  here 
until  1892,  when  he  returned  to  Los  Angeles  on  account  of  higher  educa- 
tional advantages.  He  finely  moved  to  Pasadena,  where  he  died  in  1908. 
Dr.  Gibb's  mother  is  now  living  in  San  Bernardino. 

The  early  education  of  Dr.  Gibbs  was  secured  in  the  pubhc  schools 
of  Los  Angeles  and  San  Diego,  with  a  two  year  course  in  the  Los  Angeles 
Baptist  Academy.  He  graduated  from  the  Los  Angeles  High  School  and 
then  studied  in  the  medical  department  of  the  University  of  Southern 
California.  He  was  graduated  from  this  with  the  class  of  1901,  with  the 
degree  M.  D. 

His  initiatory  practice  was  obtained  in  Shasta  County,  but  he  stayed 
there  only  a  year  and  a  half,  coming  directly  from  there  to  San  Bernar- 
dino, where  he  has  since  been  in  active  and  successful  practice.  Dr.  Gibbs 
also  took  a  post  graduate  course  in  the  Chicago  Polyclinic. 

He  married  in  1902  Florence  Owen,  a  daughter  of  W^  H.  Owen,  of 
War.saw,  X'^ew  York.  They  are  the  parents  of  four  children :  Elma, 
Leila,  Vera  and  Owen.  The  first  three  are  students  in  the  San  Bernardino 
High  School,  in  classes,  respectively,  1922,  1923  and  1925.  Owen  will 
enter  high  school  in  1924. 

Dr.  Gibbs  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Medical  Society, 
the  California  State  Medical  Society,  the  Southern  California  Medical 
Association  and  the  American  Medical  Association.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  staiT  of  the  County  Hospital  after  the  completion  of  the  present 
building  until  the  management  went  into  the  hands  of  a  superintendent. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Fraternal  Brotherhood,  the  Knights  and  Ladies  of 
Security  and  the  Yoeman,  and  is  a  director  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association.  Dr.  Gibbs  is  a  deacon  of  the  First  Baptist  Church.  In 
politics  he  is  independent. 

William  H.  Polkinghorn,  a  Riverside  business  man  with  extensive 
interests,  i^  doubless  better  known  for  his  active  relationshio  with  num- 
erous movements  and  enterprises  aflfecting  the  general  welfare  of  insti- 
tutional life  of  this  city. 

He  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  over  twenty  years.  He  was 
born  in  Cornwall,  England,  September  10,  1870,  son  of  William  H.  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        837 

Elizabeth  Polkinghorn.  Until  he  was  eleven  years  of  age  he  attended 
public  school  in  his  native  country.  After  that  he  lived  with  an  uncle, 
a  veterinary  surgeon,  who  taught  him  the  handling  of  horses  and  the 
breaking  of  colts,  and  he  acquired  an  expert  skill  in  this  work.  When 
he  left  his  uncle's  employ  at  the  age  of  fifteen  he  came  to  Canada  and 
for  eighteen  months  was  employed  in  breaking  colts  at  Moncton.  He 
then  moved  to  Holbrook,  Massachusetts,  served  an  apprenticeship  as  a 
shoe  cutter,  and  for  a  number  of  years  worked  as  a  journeyman. 

Mr.  Polkinghorn  came  with  his  family  to  Riverside  in  1900.  He 
began  with  the  Boston  Shoe  Company  as  a  clerk,  and  was  vice  president 
of  the  company  when  he  left  to  join  the  firm  of  Backstrand  iK:  Grout, 
and  was  manager  of  its  shoe  department  from  May,  1907,  until  January, 
1911.  Mr.  Polkinghorn  resigned  his  business  office  to  take  up  his  duties 
as  public  administrator,  an  office  he  filled  until  1917,  and  altogether 
performed  the  duties  of  that  position  for  eight  years.  All  familiar  with 
the  record  of  his  office  unite  in  commending  him  for  the  special  care  and 
fidelity  with  which  he  handled  probate  and  guardian  matters.  Mr.  Polk- 
inghorn is  honest,  capable  and  enjoys  the  highest  esteem  both  in  public 
and  private  life. 

He  is  one  of  the  prominent  members  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows,  the  two  largest  branches  of  that  order  in  California  being 
located  at  Riverside.  He  is  a  past  noble  grand  of  Lodge  No.  282,  he 
is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  past  chief  patriarch  of  Encampment 
No.  7i.  and  has  filled  all  the  chairs  of  the  Encampment,  and  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  has  been  on  one  of  the  committees  and  at  present  is  a  member 
of  the  Committee  State  of  the  order.  He  is  secretary  of  the  Local  Sons 
of  St.  George  and  a  past  grand  president  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Jurisdiction, 
comprising  California,  Oregon,  Washington  and  British  Columbia,  and 
a  member  of  the  Supreme  Lodge  of  the  order.  Other  fraternal  can- 
nections  are  with  the  Masonic  Lodge,  and  Woodmen  of  the  World. 

Mr.  Polkinghorn  is  a  member  of  the  Orange  Growers  Exchange. 
He  is  a  republican  who  has  worked  for  the  best  interests  of  the  county 
and  has  attended  state  and  county  conventions  as  a  delegate.  He  has 
served  on  various  committees  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Business  Men's  Association.  His  life  in  every  respect 
has  proved  worthy  of  emulation  and  has  been  a  source  of  leadership 
and  effective  influence  to  the  people  of  Riverside.  One  important  avenue 
through  which  he  has  done  good  was  as  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
Brotherhood  Congregation.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church 
and  vice  president  of  the  Bassett  Bible  Class  of  that  church. 

Mr.  Polkinghorn  is  the  elected  delegate  from  the  Sons  of  St.  George 
to  the  newly  created  "Town  Council"  of  Riverside,  which  held  its  first 
meeting  September  30,  1921.  This  is  an  organization  composed  of  dele- 
gates from  all  fraternal  organizations,  which  takes  up  and  discusses  all 
questions  of  civic  importance  presented  by  its  members.  The  "Council" 
is  an  advisory  organization  to  the  proper  authorities,  which  presents 
to  city  or  county  any  matter  affirmatively  acted  on  by  the  "Town  Council." 

At  Holbrook,  Massachusetts,  February  22.  1892,  Mr.  Polkinghorn 
married  Miss  Amy  F.  Blanchard.  They  have  seven  children.  The  oldest 
is  Harold,  with  an  interesting  record  as  a  soldier.  He  was  trained  at 
Camp  Lewis,  Washington,  went  overseas  with  the  91st  Division  as  Ser- 
geant of  Company  M  in  the  364th  Regiment,  participated  in  some  of 
the  battles  of  the  Argonne,  was  on  the  Belgium  front,  and  after  being 
badly  gas.sed  was  taken  to  a  British  hospital  in  France  and  returned  home 
with  his  company  to  St.  Mary's  Plospital  at  Hoboken,  and  later  was 
transferred  to  Letterman's  Hospital  at  San  Francisco.     He  was  finally 


838        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

discharged.  He  married  Hazel  Balyntine,  a  native  of  Indiana  and 
daughter  of  the  late  John  Balyntine.  The  younger  children  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Polkinghom  are :  Frank,  member  of  the  class  of  1922  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  California  :  Florence,  leaching  domestic  science  and  art  at  the 
Wasco  High  School,  Kern  County ;  Grace,  a  student  in  missionary  work 
at  the  Los  Angeles  P.;l)le  Institute :  Rhoda,  a  graduate  nf  1921  from 
the  Riverside  High  School,  now,  at  the  Southern  Branch  University,  Los 
Angeles;  Elizabeth,  a  student  in  the  Girls  High  School,  class  of  1924; 
and  Margaret,  Lowell  School  student. 

Captain  John  A.  Hadaller.  Like  all  men  who  experienced  active 
service  with  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  in  France,  Captain 
Hadaller,  now  a  practicing  attorney  at  San  Bernardino,  had  many  exciting 
experiences  but  welcomed  the  day  when  he  could  once  more  resume  his 
home  life  and  pick  up  broken  threads  of  his  business  career.  His  service 
as  a  .soldier  is  properly  credited  to  San  Bernardino  County,  since  he  had 
been  practicing  law  here  for  several  years  before  the  war.  But  he  has 
to  his  credit  also,  a  previous  record  as  a  soldier  in  the  Philippines  with 
the  Regular  Army. 

Captain  Hadaller  began  the  real  battle  of  life  in  his  boyhood  days 
when  he  had  to  oppose  the  wish  of  an  uncle  who  desired  him  to  engage 
in  the  carpenter's  trade  after  he  had  finished  his  primary  education.  The 
boy,  to  make  his  desire  effective  for  a  better  education,  ran  away  from 
home,  worked  his  way  through  college,  and  earned  every  dollar  needed 
for  college  expenses.  The  determination  and  self  reliance  thus  acquired 
has  served  him  well  at  every  subsequent  issue  of  his  life. 

Captain  Hadaller  was  born  near  Sigel,  in  Shelby  County,  Illinois, 
October  19,  1880,  son  of  Joseph  E.  and  Catherine  ( Neumeyer)  Hadaller. 
His  mother  was  born  at  Leroy,  Dodge  County,  Wisconsin,  of  Bavarian 
ancestry,  and  died  soon  after  the  birth  of  her  son  John.  Joseph  E.  Hadal- 
ler was  born  in  Lawrence  County,  Pennsylvania,  son  of  Mathias  Hadaller, 
a  Bavarian  who  settled  in  Pennsylvania  on  coming  to  America,  in  1848. 
Joseph  E.  Hadaller  was  a  farmer  and  mechanic  for  many  years,  enjoyed 
much  prominence  during  his  residence  at  the  little  town  of  Sigel,  serving 
as  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  and  mayor.  He  is  now  leading  a 
retired  life  at  Granite  City,  Illinois. 

John  A.  Hadaller  acquired  his  primary  education  in  the  parochial 
school  at  Sigel.  The  college  course  he  earned  was  in  St.  Joseph  College 
at  Teutopolis,  Effingham  County.  Illinois,  where  he  graduated  in  1902 
with  the  A.  B.  degree.  Soon  after  leaving  college  he  enlisted  in  the  United 
States  Cavalry,  Troop  B,  Fourth  Cavalry,  and  served  an  enlistment  of 
three  years.  Two  and  a  half  years,  from  1905  *o  1908,  he  was  in  the 
Philippine  Islands.  During  his  second  year  in  the  army  he  qualified  as 
an  expert  rifleman  and  expert  horseman.  His  army  record  was  practi- 
cally free  from  demerits  and  contained  a  number  of  marks  of  special 
proficiency  and  faithfulness. 

When  he  left  the  army  he  took  immediate  steps  to  qualify  himself  for 
the  law,  attending  the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Missouri,  where  he 
was  graduated  with  the  LL.B.  degree  in  1911.  The  following  year  he 
taught  school  at  Portland,  Oregon,  was  i)rincipal  of  schools  at  LeGrande 
in  that  state  during  an  interim  semester,  and  also  engaged  in  journalism, 
being  a  member  of  the  editorial  staff  of  the  LeGrande  Evening  Observer 
for  a  year  and  a  half. 

Captain  Hadaller  located  at  San  Bernardino  in  the  fall  of  1914,  and 
soon  had  gained  recognition  as  an  able  counsellor.  In  the  early  months 
of  the  war  with  Germany  he  offered  his  services,  attended  the  Second 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        839 

Officers  Training  Camp  at  The  Presidio  in  San  Francisco  from  August 
24  to  November  27,  1917,  and  was  commissioned  a  first  lieutenant  of 
Field  Artillery.  January  15,  1918,  he  sailed  for  France,  landing  in  Liver- 
pool and  crossing  the  channel  from  Southampton  to  LaHavre.  He  was 
given  special  instruction  in  the  French  Artillery  School  at  Saumur  from 
February  2  to  April  29th.  His  first  active  duty  was  on  the  French  front, 
northeast  of  Nancy,  with  the  58th  French  Division,  where  for  seventeen 
days  he  was  in  the  fighting  zone.  He  was  next  transferred  to  the  Rail- 
road Artillery  Division  at  Haussimont  Meurthey  Moselle,  then  transferred 
to  the  motor  tractor  school  at  Vincennes.  and  again  returned  to  the  rail- 
road artillery  at  Haussimont,  where  he  was  employed  in  training  troops. 
While  at  Haussimont  he  had  the  novel  and  exciting  privilege  of  going 
up  with  a  British  aviator  and  witnessing  as  an  aerial  spectator  the  battle 
of  Chateau  Thierry.  From  Haussimont  he  was  transferred  to  Saint 
Sulpice  near  Libourne  in  the  Province  of  Giroude.  where  he  became  com- 
mander of  Company  B,  54th  Ammunition  Train  of  the  American  Expedi- 
tionary Forces.  During  the  San  Mihiel  drive,  owing  to  his  fluent  com- 
mand of  the  German  language,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Intelligence 
Bureau  of  the  General  Staff,  receiving  training  as  an  intelligence  officer 
at  the  American  Military  University  at  Langres.  On  completing  the 
course  he  was  transferred  as  an  intelHgence  officer  to  the  Seventh  Division, 
with  headquarters  at  Thiaucourt. 

Following  the  armistice  Captain  Hadaller  lived  at  a  place  called 
Villers-en-haye,  and  was  treated  for  chronic  appendicitis  in  the  hospital  at 
Toul.  Thence  he  was  removed  to  Bordeaux,  thence  to  East  View.  New 
York,  and  finally  to  the  Letterman  General  Hospital  at  The  Presidio.  San 
Francisco.  His  commission  as  captain  dates  from  November  13,  1919. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  June  29,  1919. 

Since  returning  to  San  Bernardino  Captain  Hadaller  has  been  employed 
in  a  growing  general  practice  as  a  lawyer,  and  has  been  associated  more 
or  less  actively  with  C.  C.  Haskell.  He  is  a  democrat  in  politics  and 
has  been  party  candidate  for  superior  judge  and  was  defeated  by  a 
small  majority  for  the  office  of  mayor.  Captain  Hadaller  owns  some 
interests  in  the  California  oil  fields. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Legion,  is  a  Catholic  and  is  affiliated 
with  the  Knights  of  Columbus  and  the  Benevolent  Protective  Order  of 
Elks.  March  1,  1916,  at  San  Bernardino,  he  married  Miss  Emma  Bern- 
hardt Pattee,  a  native  of  Ohio.  They  have  a  daughter  Ruth  Catherine, 
born  October  19,  1916.  Captain  Hallader  was  also  born  on  October  l*^th. 
in  the  year  1880. 

Henry  F.  Ahnefelut  conducts  a  prosperous  dairy  business  and  is 
also  a  successful  alfalfa  grower  at  Riverside.  He  was  born  in  Michigan. 
December  11,  1862,  a  .son  of  August  and  Faith  (Elston)  Ahnefeldt,  the 
former  a  native  of  Germany  and  the  latter  of  England.  August  Ahnefeldt 
was  fifteen  years  old  when  he  came  to  America,  and  first  located  in 
Canada.  He  came  to  Michigan  while  the  Civil  war  was  in  progress, 
and  eventually  became  superintendent  of  a  saw  mill  at  Muskegon,  that 
state.  He  was  long  numbered  among  the  substantial  citizens  of  Muskegon 
and  served  as  a  member  of  the  City  Council.  After  his  death  his  widow 
finally  came  to  California,  and  here  she  died  in  the  year  1908. 

After  his  graduation  from  the  high  school  at  Muskegon  Henry  F. 
Ahnefeldt  entered  the  LTniversity  of  Michigan,  where  he  continued  his 
studies  until  he  was  called  home  by  the  death  of  his  sister.  For  five 
vears  thereafter  he  was  bookkeeper  for  the  lumber  firm  of  Hackley  & 
Hume  of   Muskegon,   and  the  next  fifteen  years    found  him  in   similar 


840         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

service  in  the  employ  of  Delos  A.  Blodgett,  of  Grand  Rapids,  who  was 
at  that  time  the  largest  lumber  operator  in  Michigan.  Mr.  Ahnefeldt 
was  connected  with  the  lumber  industry  the  greater  part  of  his  life  until 
coming  to  California,  and  for  eight  years  he  operated  a  saw  mill  owned 
by  Ira  Carley  at  Ingalls,  Michigan.  In  1908  he  came  to  California,  and 
after  passing  a  few  months  in  Los  Angeles  he  purchased  a  fifteen-acre 
alfalfa  ranch  on  Jurpa  Avenue,  Riverside.  Within  a  short  time  he  dis- 
posed of  this  property  and  purchased  his  present  attractive  and  well 
improved  little  dairy  and  alfalfa  ranch  of  12 ;4  acres  at  382  Santa  Ana 
Street.  In  his  prosperous  dairy  enterprise  he  keeps  about  twenty-nine 
milch  cows  and,  in  Riverside  he  finds  ready  demand  for  his  dairy  products. 
•Mr.  Ahnefeldt  succeeded  in  1920  Reese  Powell  as  president  of  the 
Alma  \\'ater  Company.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  is  liberal  and  progressive  as  a  citizen,  and  gives  his  political 
support  to  the  republican  party. 

At  Muskegon,  Michigan,  December  23,  1890,  Mr.  Ahnefeldt  wedded 
Rena  A.  Cook,  a  native  of  that  city  and  a  daughter  of  the  late  George 
H.  Cook,  who  was  there  engaged  in  the  harness  and  saddlery  business. 
The  Cook  family  is  of  Revolutionary  prestige  and  English  origin,  and 
the  paternal  grandfather,  Mr.  Ahnefeldt,  as  well  as  a  great-grandfather 
in  the  same  line,  were  clergymen  of  the  Univer.salist  Church.  Of  the 
two  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ahnefeldt  the  daughter,  Elizabeth,  is  a 
member  of  the  class  of  1924  in  the  Riverside  High  School.  The  son, 
Ray  C,  who  died  October  9,  1918,  at  the  age  of  twenty-six  years, 
was  at  the  time  in  service  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Engineering  Corps  at 
Camp  A.  A.  Humphreys,  he  having  died  just  about  the  time  that  his  com- 
pany received  orders  to  go  forth  for  active  service  overseas  in  the  great 
World  war.  Ray  C.  Ahnefeldt  was  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High 
School,  class  of  1911,  and  for  three  years  was  associated  with  his  father's 
dairy  business.  He  then  entered  the  School  of  Mines  at  Socorro,  New 
Mexico,  where  he  completed  a  five-year  course,  defrayed  his  own 
expenses  in  the  meantime,  and  made  a  record  in  mathematics  that  has  had 
only  one  equal  in  the  history  of  that  institution,  from  which  he  received 
the  degrees  of  Civil  Engineer  and  Mining  Engineer.  He  enlisted  for 
service  in  the  ^^'orld  war  at  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  five  months  before  the 
close  of  his  school  work,  but  was  permitted  to  finish  and  receive  his 
degrees,  after  which  he  was  called  to  Camjj  Lee,  Virginia,  O.  T.  C.  The 
death  of  this  ambitious  and  popular  young  man  was  a  severe  blow  not 
only  to  his  immediate  family  but  also  to  many  friends  whom  he  had 
drawn  about  him  by  his  bouyant  and  generous  nature  and  sterling  attri- 
butes of  character. 

E.  P.  Ci-ARKE,  editor  of  the  Daily  Press  of  Riverside,  is  one  of  the 
most  representative  men  of  Southern  California,  and  in  addition  to  holding 
his  responsible  position  on  the  Daily  Press,  has  discharged  the  duties  of 
a  number  of  important  offices,  and  has  proved  himself  in  every  way 
worthy  of  the  confidence  placed  in  him  and  his  capabilities.  He  was 
born  at  Alna,  Maine,  in  1859,  and  educated  at  Kents  Hill  Seminary  in 
Maine  and  the  Wesleyan  Universitv  at  Middletown,  Connecticut. 

Immediately  following  his  graduation  from  the  latter  institution,  in 
1885,  he  secured  employment  on  the  United  States  geological  survey. 
After  a  few  months,  late  in  that  same  year,  he,  with  his  brother,  A.  F. 
Clarke,  came  to  California  and  founded  the  Ontario  Record,  and  while 
editing  that  f)a[)er  he  also  tauglit  for  one  year  in  Chaffcv  College,  Ontario. 
California,  and  served  for  three  years  as  a  member  of  the  P>oard  of 
lulucation  of  San  Bernardino  County.    In  1894  he  acquired  an  interest  in 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        841 

the  Riverside  Daily  Press  and  moved  to  this  city,  which  has  continued 
to  be  his  home  ever  since.  From  1896  to  the  present  day  he  has  been 
the  editor  of  the  Daily  Press,  and  his  broad-minded  policies  and  clear, 
convincing  English  have  made  his  organ  one  of  influence  in  Riverside 
and  San  Bernardino  counties. 

Mr.  Clarke  has  not  confined  his  efforts  to  his  paper,  important  as 
that  work  has  been,  but  has  been  ready  and  willing  to  do  his  part  as  a 
public-spirited  citizen  whenever  the  occasion  arose.  From  1897  to  1913 
he  served  on  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Southern  California  Hospital, 
and  the  greater  part  of  that  time  was  its  chairman,  but  resigned  in  1913 
to  accept  the  appointment  to  membership  on  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, and  since  1915  has  been  its  president.  For  some  years  he  was 
president  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Riverside 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  In  1912  he  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Methodist  General  Conference  held  at  Minneapolis,  Minnesota.  His 
influence  in  newspaper  circles  has  been  felt  all  over  the  state,  and  he  was 
instrumental  in  securing  the  organization  of  the  dailies  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia into  an  association,  and  has  served  as  its  president.  In  1920  he 
was  honored  by  Governor  Stephens,  who  appointed  him  to  represent 
California  at  the  citizens  educational  conference  at  Washington  City. 
During  the  late  war  he  served  as  a  member  of  the  executive  committee 
of  the  Riverside  War  Relief  Council,  and  gave  a  number  of  travel  talks 
for  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  at  March  Field  and  Camp 
Kearney.  For  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Clarke  has  been  a  contributor 
to  the  Sunset  Magazine  and  the  Pacific  Monthly,  and  is  in  demand  as  a 
speaker  before  educational  gatherings.  Since  1918  he  has  been  a  trustee 
of  the  Southern  California  University,  and  is  very  much  interested  in 
the  progress  of  this  institution.  The  above  gives  in  brief  some  of  his  work 
in  behalf  of  the  interests  of  his  home  city,  county  and  state,  but  it 
in  no  measure  tells  the  whole  story.  His  conception  of  service  is  so 
high  and  is  so  closely  interwoven  with  his  every  action  that  his  entire 
life  is  a  series  of  good  and  constructive  deeds  which  result  in  lasting 
benefit  to  a  wide  circle. 

The  Riverside  Daily  Press  was  established  June  29,  1878,  and  the 
first  copy  was  issued  from  a  little  wooden  building  on  the  east  side  of 
Main  Street,  between  Eighth  and  Ninth  streets.  The  paper  carried  150 
subscriptions  on  its  list,  and  James  H.  Roe  wrote  the  first  copy,  being 
assisted  by  E.  W.  Holmes  and  Dr.  John  Hall.  Mr.  Roe  had  his  editorial 
desk  in  a  drug  store,  but  he  was  interested  in  ranching,  he  and  his  wife 
having  come  to  Riverside  County  in  1873  and  located  on  their  ranch  in 
its  vicinity. 

L.  C.  Waite,  Dr.  Shugurt,  Mr.  Bixler,  the  Burt  brothers,  and  Lyon  & 
Rosenthal  all  urged  Mr.  Roe  to  start  a  weekly,  desiring  to  have  an  organ 
in  which  to  make  known  the  possibilities  of  this  region.  Riverside  was 
then  only  a  frontier  village  of  1,200.  The  census  of  1880  gives  this 
territory,  including  Riverside,  a  population  of  1,358.  The  people  were 
then  experimenting  with  grapes  and  apricots,  and  discussing  varieties 
of  oranges.  All  of  these  matters  were  taken  up  by  the  Press,  and  a 
beet  sugar  factory  was  one  of  the  improvements  most  strongly  urged. 
The  paper  grew,  and  June  9,  1885,  was  changed  to  a  tri-weekly,  and  to 
a  daily  on  June  10,  1896.  The  wekly  under  the  name  of  the  Press  and 
Horticulturist,  was  continued  to  the  end  of  1904.  Among  the  earlier 
editors  of  the  Press  were  James  H.  Roe,  L.  M.  Holt,  E.  W.  Holmes, 
and  E.  P.  Clarke  was  president  for  twenty-five  years  of  the  Press  Printing 
Company,   and   is   still   in   office.     H.    W.    Hammond   is   vice   president ; 


842         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

A.  A.  Piddington,  secretary ;  A.  F.  Clarke,  treasurer ;  and  Mrs.  Maude 
T.  Hammond,  director. 

The  pioneer  editor,  as  above  stated,  was  James  H.  Roe,  and  he  was 
also  the  proprietor.  His  successors,  M.  V.  Sweesey  and  Robert  Horn- 
beck,  had  possession  for  but  a  short  time.  In  the  meanwhile,  in  1883, 
J.  A.  and  William  Studebaker  had  started  a  weekly  paper  known  as 
the  Valley  Echo.  This  was  consolidated  with  the  Riverside  Independent 
in  1884  and  in  1886  purchased  by  James  H.  Roe,  and  later  he  associated 
with  himself  in  its  management  R.  H.  Pierson.  In  1888  these  gentlemen 
invited  E.  W.  Holmes  to  enter  into  partnership  with  them  in  the  pur- 
chase of  the  Daily  Press,  and  after  the  consoHdation  of  these  papers 
the  editorship  was  given  over  to  Mr.  Holmes.  Still  later  they  purchased 
the  Globe,  another  publication,  and  the  following  year  Mr.  Roe  sold  his 
interests  to  his  partners,  who  continued  to  conduct  the  business  £or  seven 
years.  Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Pierson  his  interest  was  purchased  by 
E.  P.  Clarke  and  A.  F.  Clarke  who,  in  the  following  year  bought  out 
Mr.  Holmes  and  organized  the  Press  Printing  Company,  composed  of 
themselves,  J.  P.  Baumgartner,  H.  H.  Monroe  and  A.  A.  Piddington. 
The  Reflex,  a  society  and  local  weekly,  published  for  some  two  or  three 
years  by  Mr.  Baumgartner  was  absorbed,  and  the  new  corps  built  up 
a  business  in  keeping  with  the  growth  of  the  city  and  county.  Mr. 
Monroe  and  Mr.  Baumgartner  sold  their  interests  later  on,  and  their  places 
were  filled  by  H.  W.  Hammond  and  Mrs.  E.  P.  Clarke.  This  is  easily 
the  leading  newspaper  of  Riverside  County,  as  it  is  also  the  oldest,  and 
it  is  very  representative  of  this  region.  The  officials  are  numbered  among 
the  leading  people  of  the  city  and  county,  and  not  only  are  efficient  but 
imbued  with  local  pride  and  enthusiasm  for  what  they  properly  regard 
as  the  Garden  Spot  of  the  World,  to  which  they  are  constantly  attracting 
attention  and  bringing  in  outside  capital  and  permanent  residents. 

Frank  H.  Wells— Among  the  younger  business  men  of  Riverside 
some  of  the  heaviest  burdens  are  carried  by  Frank  H.  Wells,  who  came 
West  fresh  from  his  college  career  and  is  one  of  the  leading  executive 
officials  of  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company  and  the  Title  Insurance 
Company  of  Riverside,  and  other  financial  and  business  organizations. 

Mr.  Wells  was  born  in  Downs,  Osborn  County,  Kansas,  March  27, 
1890,  son  of  John  Calvin  and  Virginia  (Jesse)  Wells.  His  father  is 
living  retired  at  Sunset,  Arizona.  His  mother  passed  away  in  the  month 
of  February,  1920.     Both  represented  old  Southern  families. 

Frank  H.  Wells  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Ohio,  and 
graduated  A.  B.  from  the  Ohio  State  University  in  1908.  Immediately 
following  his  graduation  he  came  to  California.  In  April,  1911,  he 
bought  an  interest  in  the  Union  Title  and  Abstract  Company,  which  had 
just  been  organized,  and  was  its  secretary  and  later  its  vice  president. 
In  1917  he  and  his  associates  bought  the  interest  of  Raymond  Best  in  the 
Riverside  Abstract  Company,  and  with  the  consolidation  of  the  two 
companies  under  the  name  of  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company  he  was 
elected  vice  president.  He  also  became  vice  president  of  the  Title  In- 
surance Company  of  Riverside  when  it  was  organized  in  1920.  He  is 
vice  president  of  the  Riverside  Mortgage  Company,  and  vice  president 
of  the  Union  Securities  Company. 

Mr.  Wells  is  a  member  and  treasurer  of  the  Kiwanis  Club,  and  a 
member  of  the  Present  Day  Club  and  the  Chamber  of  Commerce.  He 
is  affiliated  with  the  Royal  .Arch  Masons,  the  Benevolent  and  Protective 
(^rdcr  of  Elks,  Junior  Order  United  American  Mechanics,  Phi  Delta 
Theta,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 


^9/QJ. 


'ji£I^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        843 

October  3,  1912,  at  Riverside,  he  married  Katherine  Anna  Hansen, 
a  native  daughter  of  California.  Her  father  and  mother,  Hans  and 
Mary  Hansen,  are  pioneers  of  Riverside  County,  engaged  in  ranching  in 
the  Glen  Avon  section.  The  two  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wells  are 
John  Calvin  and  Virginia  Mary  Wells. 

R.  W.  MacGii.livray.  A  resident  of  San  Bernardino  since  1886, 
R.  W.  MacGillivray  has  made  himself  known  throughout  the  district 
as  a  buisness  man  of  progressive  ideas  and  honorable  principles,  and 
be  more  than  merits  the  high  esteem  in  which  he  is  held  by  his  friends 
and  associates.  His  personal  popularity  is  as  great  as  his  business 
rating  is  sound,  and  his  friends  are  of  the  "stick  fast"  variety.  On 
several  occasions  business  has  taken  Mr.  MacGillivray  to  other  cities, 
but  he  has  always  returned  as  .soon  as  possible  and  for  twenty  years  he 
has  conducted  his  business  in  San  Bernardino  continuously. 

He  is  by  birth  a  Canadian,  and  was  born  at  Smith  Falls.  Ontario, 
November  1,  1866.  the  son  of  Alexander  MacGillivray.  who  was  a  native 
of  Scotland  and  came  to  Canada  when  a  boy,  locating  at  Smith  Falls. 
From  this  ]»int  he  went  to  the  gold  mines  in  Australia,  but  after  a  few 
years  there  returned  to  Smith  Falls  and  purchased  a  farm.  He  followed 
the  occupation  of  farming  until  just  before  his  death.  He  had  just  sold 
out  all  his  holdings  and  was  preparing  to  come  to  California  when  he 
died  suddenly,  in  1889.  His  wife  was  Elizabeth  Brown,  a  native  of 
Scotland,  who  went  to  Smiths  Falls  with  her  parents  when  a  child. 
She  died  in  Riverside  November  22,  1918.  They  were  the  parents  of 
five  children :  E.  A.,  of  Los  Angeles,  who  is  a  contractor  and  builder  of 
gas  plants  and  has  built  the  majority  of  the  gas  plants  in  the  district 
for  the  past  twenty  years ;  G.  B.,  in  the  hardware  business  in  Riverside ; 
Minnie,  wife  of  J.  T.  Connerty.  of  Smiths  Falls,  Ontario;  one  brother 
deceased  ;  and  R.  W^ 

R.  W.  MacGillivray  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Smiths 
Falls  and  then  learned  the  trade  of  harness  maker,  following  'that 
occupation  as  a  journeyman  in  Ontario  for  five  years.  In  1886  he  came 
to  California  and  located  at  San  Bernardino.  Here  he  went  to  work 
as  a  journeyman  and  also  worked  in  Stockton,  San  Jose  and  Pasadena 
at  various  times  until  1900.  In  that  year  he  opened  his  present  industry 
of  harness  making,  agricultural  implements,  wagons  and  buggies,  and  has 
continued  in  it  ever  since  that  time,  and  while  the  auto  has  made  serious 
inroads  upon  the  business  in  some  places  he  manages  to  get  all  the  trade 
in  his  line  that  could  be  expected.  He  has  a  fine  orange  grove  of  ten 
acres  in  the  Rialto  district.  He  takes  great  interest  in  all  civic  atifairs 
and  is  a  director  in  the  California  State  Bank  of  San  Bernardino. 

He  was  united  in  marriage  in  1907  with  May  Haws,  a  daughter 
of  Marion  Haws,  of  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  MacGillivra}'  participates 
in  the  activities  of  the  prominent  fraternal  associations  and  is  a  member 
of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons ; 
Keystone  Chapter  No.  56,  Royal  .A.rch  Ma.son  ;  St.  Bernard  Commanderv 
No.  23,  Knight  Templars;  Al  Malaikah  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.'; 
of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  ;  and  the  Rotary  Club.  Politically  he  adheres 
to  the  principals  of  the  reiniblican  party.  He  at  present  occuiiies  the 
position  of  city  water  commissioner. 

.Vrtiu'k  I'.\r.MKi<,  jjioneei-  citizen  of  San  Bernardino  and  the  son  of 
a  ])i(incer.  was  a  young  bo\'  when  Jiniugbt  to  California  b\-  his  jiarents. 
but  considers  himself  a  Californian.  which  he  is  by  virtue  of  his  lo\-alty 
and   love    for  his   adopted   home.      He   has   served   the    peojile   in   public 


844        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

office  faithfully  and  in  fraternal  circles  no  one  stands  higher,  for  he 
has  occupied  for  many  years  high  positions  in  various  secret  orders. 

In  his  younger  days,  Mr.  Palmer  pursued  successfully  different  lines 
of  business  but  for  many  years  he  lias  been  in  the  insurance  business 
and  is  regarded  as  second  to  none  in  that  line  of  business  in  the  county. 
He  has  lent  aid  to  the  development  of  the  city,  and  his  well  directed 
enterprises  and  great  faith  in  the  future  of  the  city  has  been  an  encourage- 
ment to  others. 

Mr.  Palmer  was  born  near  Ridgeway,  Kansas,  July  27,  1858,  the  son 
of;  S.  E.  A.  and  Ann  J.  (Gilpatrick)  Palmer.  His  father  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  who  moved  to  Kansas  in  1855  and  was  married  there, 
he  was  a  farmer  and  stockraiser  by  occupation.  He  located  later  in 
Auburn,  where  he  went  into  the  merchadising  business.  At  this  time 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  a  baby.  Later  Mr.  Palmer  came  to 
California,  landing  first  in  San  Francisco,  but  he  only  stayed  there 
a  short  time,  moving  down  to  San  Diego.  That  was  not  what  he 
was  looking  for,  however,  and  he  only  remained  there  six  weeks,  coming 
to  San  Bernardino  in  July,  1873.  The  city  owes  him  a  debt  of  gratitude, 
for  he  established  the  first  deciduous  fruit  nursery  in  the  county  and  of  it 
he  made  a  complete  success.  At  the  same  time  he  engaged  in  the  raising 
of  fruit  about  three  miles  northwest  of  San  Bernardino.  He  died  in 
1911  and  his  wife  in  1910.  They  were  the  parents  of  six  sons;  James 
R.,  a  pump  manufacturer  of  Los  Angeles;  E.  D.,  a  rancher  of  San 
Bernardino ;  L.  D.,  who  has  been  a  mail  carrier  in  San  Bernardino  for 
twenty-five  years;  C.  E.,  of  San  Bernardino;  F.  F.,  a  rancher  of  San 
Bernardino,  and  Arthur,  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 

Arthur  Palmer  attended  public  school  in  .Auburn,  Kansas,  and  after 
coming  to  California  was  on  his  father's  ranch  for  two  years  and  then 
was  engaged  in  driving  cattle  on  the  plains  for  seven  years.  For  twelve 
years  he  was  in  the  lumber  business  in  San  Bernardino  and  for  the 
ensuing  twelve  years  he  acted  as  deputy  assessor.  For  the  past  twenty- 
five  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  insurance  business,  carrying  this 
on  in  connection  with  his  other  occupations,  but  for  the  past  twelve 
years  he  has  been  engaged  exclusively  in  this  line  and  has  built  up  a 
very  fine  business. 

The  marriage  of  Mr.  Palmer  took  place  in  1889,  and  it  united  him 
with  Jennie  Avery,  a  daughter  of  D.  S.  Avery,  of  Allen,  Kansas.  She 
died  in  1910,  leaving  one  daughter,  Helen,  now  at  home. 

Mr.  Palmer  is  an  active  member  of  many  fraternal  organizations, 
affiliating  with  Phoenix  Lodge  No.  178,  .A.ncient  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons  of  San  Bernardino ;  and  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  290,  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows;  Morse  Encampment  No.  51;  Valley 
Lodge  No.  27,  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  has  been  its  secretary  for  thirty 
years  and  has  also  filled  all  the  offices  in  the  lodge.  He  is  a  member  of  Al 
Tir  Sar  Temple,  D.  O.  K.  K..  and  has  been  its  secretarv  since  its 
organization  in  1916.    He  is  a  republican  in  politics. 

Claude  H.\rmon  L.\snLi:n;,  M.  D..  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of 
the  citizens  who  nu's.scd  by  a  small  fraction  of  lime  being  a  native 
Californian,  but  to  all  intents  and  jjurposes  he  is  one.  He  spent  his 
childhood  not  far  from  the  scene  of  his  ))resciU  environment,  and  acquired 
his  extensive  and  complete  medical  education  under  the  tutelage  of 
California's  most  skilled  instructors.  His  general  preparation  for  his 
life  work  was  most  comprehensive  and  his  years  of  practice  have  added 
much  to  his  mental  equipment.    He  neglects  no  opportunity  for  advance- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        845 

ment  and  inipiovemcnt  through  tlie  various  avenues  always  open  to  the 
receptive  physician. 

Dr.  Lashlee  was  born  in  Palmyra,  Nebraska,  February  29,  1880. 
He  is  the  son  of  Horace  and  Nellie  (Harmon)  Lashlee,  the  former  a 
native  of  Tennessee  and  the  latter  of  Nebraska.  Horace  Lashlee  was 
a  physician  and  practiced  in  Nebraska  until  he  came  to  California  and 
located  in  Murrietta,  Riverside  County.  He  continued  his  practice  in 
that  place  until  1910,  when  he  retired.  They  were  the  parents  of  three 
children :  Blanche,  wife  of  Roy  Hoagland,  of  Los  Angeles ;  Ralph, 
manager  of  the  Sunset  Phone  Company  in  Santa  Barbara ;  and  Claude 
Harmon,  of  San  Bernardino. 

Dr.  Lahslee  early  determined  to  follow  in  his  father's  professional 
footsteps,  and  no  doubt  much  of  his  success  is  due  to  the  knowledge 
with  which  he  was  unconsciously  imbued  all  his  young  life.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Murrietta  and  the  high  school  in  Red- 
lands.  He  went  from  there  to  the  University  of  California  and  was 
graduated  in  the  class  of  1902  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.  He  at  once 
entered  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College  of  the  Pacific  (now  affiliated 
with  the  University  of  California),  and  he  graduated  from  there  with 
the  class  of  1904.  To  supplement  his  comprehensive  theoretical  and 
general  preparation  for  his  life  work  he  acted  as  interne  in  that  city  and 
county  hospital  of  San  Francisco  for  eighteen  months. 

In  1905  Dr.  Lashlee  returned  to  his  home  district  and  started  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  in  which  he  was  thoroughly  successful;  but 
in  1912  he  moved  to  San  Bernardino  and  has  been  in  continuous  practice 
there  ever  since.  While  he  does  a  general  practice  he  has  made  a  specialty 
of  anesthetics,  in  which  he  is  equalled  by  few. 

Dr.  Lashlee  was  united  in  wedlock  in  December,  1915,  with  Norah 
S.  McCall,  of  Oakland,  California,  and  they  have  two  children:  Nellie 
May  and  Neal  Albert.  In  his  fraternal  relations  Dr.  Lashlee  is  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  orders,  the  Blue  Lodge  and  Chapter  of  Redlands 
and  is  also  a  life  member  and  a  past  exalted  ruler  of  the  Benevolent  and 
Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  a  life  member  and  past  worthy  president 
of  the  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles.  Professionally  he  is  a  member  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Homeopathy,  the  Southern  California  State  Hom- 
eopathy Society  and  the  California  State  Homeopathy  Society.  In 
politics  he  is  a  democrat. 

Howard  Surr,  attorney  of  San  Bernardino,  has  made  a  place  for 
himself  in  the  life  of  the  city,  both  as  an  exponent  of  the  law  and  as  a 
citizen,  which  is  an  enviable  one.  While  he  was  born  in  England,  he 
came  to  this  state  when  a  boy  and  is  a  real  California  enthusiast. 

The  parents  of  Mr.  Surr  were  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  (Grabham) 
Surr,  and  he  was  born  in  London,  England,  April  10,  1869.  His  father 
was  a  native  of  England,  also  born  in  London,  while  his  mother  was  a 
native  of  Rochford,  a  town  near  London.  Joseph  Surr  was  a  silk 
manufacturer  and  merchant  who  retired  from  business  in  1884  and 
came  to  the  United  States.  He  located  in  San  Diego  May  21  of  the 
same  year.  He  again  entered  business,  this  time  as  a  commission  mer- 
chant, but  after  a  few  years  retired  again,  remaining  in  San  Diego  until 
his  death  in  October,  1905.     His  wife  died  in  San  Diego  in  1901. 

Mr.  Surr  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  London  until  he  came  to 
America,  when  he  went  on  ranches  his  father  had  purchased  near  Witch 
Creek  and  Miramar.  He  remained  on  them  until  March,  1892,  when 
he  went  to  Chicago  to  the  World's  Fair,  staying  there  until  October, 
1895.    While  there  he  worked  in  the  office  of  a  large  manufacturer. 


846         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Returning  to  San  Diegu,  Mr.  Surr  entered  the  office  of  the  Coronado 
Beach  Company  and  afterward  was  head  hookkeeper  of  the  Coronada 
Beach  Hotel.  This  position  he  resigned  in  1899  and  went  to  San 
Francisco,  wliere  he  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Bigelow  &  Titus.  Judge 
J.  A.  Gibson,  formerly  of  San  Bernardino,  had  moved  to  Los  Angeles  and 
he  invited  Mr.  Surr  to  come  to  that  city  and  finish  his  reading  with  his 
firm,  Bicknell,  Gibson  &  Trask.  Mr.  Surr  accepted  the  oflfer  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Los  Angeles  in  October,  1900.  After  his  admittance 
he  came  to  San  Bernardino,  where  he  started  in  the  practice  of  law  with 
Otis  &  Gregg,  but  he  was  soon  oft'ered  a  place  in  Judge  Gibson's  office. 
Immediately  Otis  &  Gregg  otTered  him  a  partnership  which  he  decided 
to  accept,  and  on  January  1,  1903,  the  firm  name  changed  to  Otis, 
Gregg  &.  Surr.  In  1906  Mr.  Otis  died  and  the  firm  was  Gregg  &  Surr 
until  July  13,  1907,  when  Mr.  Gregg  retired  and  moved  to  Los  Angeles. 
Mr.  Surr  then  formed  a  partnership  with  F.  A.  Lebnard,  which  firm 
subsequently  became  Leonard,  Surr  and  Hellyer,  and  this  association 
has  since  continued. 

The  firm  is  second  to  none  in  importance  and  has  built  up  a  large 
and  ever  increasing  clientele.  Among  the  companies  for  which  they 
are  attorneys  are :  The  Citizens  Land  &  Water  Company  of  Blooniington ; 
the  Etiwanda  Water  Company ;  The  Rialto  Irrigation  District ;  The 
Muscoy  Water  Company ;  The  South  Mesa  Water  Company ;  The 
Western  Heights  Water  Company ;  The  Yucaipa  Water  Company  No.  1  ; 
The  Arrowhead  Reservoir  &  Power  Company ;  and  of  various  banks 
and  numerous  other  corporations. 

Mr.  Surr  married  in  July.  1903,  Jennie  Drew,  a  daughter  of  Edred 
Drew,  of  Ontario.  She  died  in  March,  1906,  leaving  one  child,  Elizabeth. 
In  April,  1918,  Mr.  Surr  married  Elizabeth  Munroe,  a  native  of  England 
and  a  daughter  of  an  English  clergyman.  Mrs.  Surr  was  for  many 
years  a  resident  of  San  Bernardino  prior  to  her  marriage.  Mr.  Surr 
is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  and  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Pro- 
tective Order  of  Elks.  He  is  a  republican  in  political  faith,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 

Aaron  Asbury  Cox — One  of  San  Bernardino's  early  settlers,  Aaron 
Asbury  Cox  was  also  one  of  the  leading  practical  horticulturists  of  the 
county,  for  although  he  was  born  and  educated  in  the  East  and  saw 
quite  a  little  of  the  pioneering  in  farming  in  Colorado,  he  was  not  in 
his  adopted  home  long  before  he  took  up  the  growing  of  oranges.  In 
this  he  was  more  than  successful,  and  later  he  added  the  packing  of 
the  golden  fruit,  building  a  packing  plant  of  his  own  first,  then  being 
the  chief  promotor  and  stockholder  in  the  Rialto  Packing  House  and 
having  many  hundreds  of  acres  of  fruit  under  his  jurisdiction  in  packing 
and  shipping.  When  he  passed  away  he  was  the  president  of  the  com- 
pany. 

Mr.  Cox  was  born  on  a  farm,  reared  on  one  and  naturally  his  plans 
and  ambitions  were  all  in  that  direction  from  early  boyhood.  His  birth 
took  place  on  September  11,  1860,  at  Vernon,  Illinois.  His  father,  John 
Cox,  was  a  native  of  Ohio  and  while  he  was  a  farmer  he  was  also  the 
very  capable  sheriff  of  Fayette  County  at  one  time. 

Mr.  Cox  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Vernon,  Illinois, 
afterward  assisting  his  father  on  the  home  farm.  When  he  went  out 
in  the  world  to  make  his  own  future  he  located  in  Central  Illinois  and 
followed  farming  for  a  few  years,  but,  deciding  to  come  West,  he 
located  in  Burlington,  Colorado,  during  the  early  settlement  of  that 
country.     He  took  up  a  claim  and  started  farming,  proving  up  on  it  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         847 

living  there  for  a  time.  In  1888  he  determined  to  move  to  California 
and  make  his  home  there  if  conditions  were  favorable,  and  this  he  did, 
locating  in  San  Bernardino  in  1888.  He  came  here  primarily  to  see  a 
brother  and  uncle  who  had  located  there,  but  he  lost  no  time  adopting 
it  for  a  permanent  home. 

For  a  year  he  followed  various  occupations  and  then  went  on  the 
Judge  Curtis  place  and  worked  this  ranch  for  a  time  and  then  he  pur- 
chased a  home  place  of  over  twenty  acres.  He  started  in  to  actively 
develop  it  and  soon  had  apricots,  peaches  and  alfalfa  planted.  Later  he 
put  fifteen  acres  in  oranges  and  made  his  home  ranch  a  beautiful  place, 
a  producing  home.  He  sold  this  place  in  1903.  He  then  bought  the 
old  Morris  place,  tearing  down  the  old  building  in  1916  and  building 
the  present  beautiful  home  on  Mt.  Vernon  Avenue.  It  is  one  of  the 
most  attractive  residence  homes  in  the  city. 

Mr.  Cox  owned  other  orange  groves  in  the  Mt.  Vernon  district  which 
are  still  in  the  possession  of  the  family.  He  turned  his  attention  to  the 
packing  business,  and  was  a  director  of  the  Rialto  Packing  House,  hav- 
ing previously  built  a  packing  house  of  his  own.  When  he  passed  away 
on  January  23,  1920,  he  was  president  of  the  Rialto  Packing  House.  He 
was  always  deeply  interested  in  experimental  research  in  the  citrus  indus- 
try and  he  was  always  successful  in  his  growing  and  in  his  packing. 
He  did  not  allow  his  horticultural  pursuits  to  lesson  his  interest  in  his 
adopted  city,  for,  while  a  man  of  worth  and  ability,  he  never  became 
actively  identified  with  its  business  interests,  yet  he  was  a  more  than 
loyal  citizen  and  always  eager  to  do  his  part  in  its  advancement,  public 
spirited  always.  He  filled  a  niche  in  the  civic,  fraternal,  social  life  of 
San  Bernardino  which  will  be  hard  indeed  to  fill. 

Mr.  Cox  was  a  member  of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  of  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  P^ellows.  In  political  belief  he  was  a  demo- 
crat. He  married  in  1886  Rosa  Dunham,  a  native  of  Lincoln,  Illinois, 
and  a  daughter  of  William  Dunham,  a  farmer  of  that  state.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Cox  were  the  parents  of  five  boys  and  two  girls.  Miss  Mabel 
Lucille  Cox,  a  graduate  of  Stanford  University,  residing  at  home.  Har- 
old Dunham  Cox,  a  rancher  of  San  Bernardino.  He  married  Hattie 
Brown.  They  have  four  children.  Rose  Elizabeth,  Roy  Aaron,  Phillis 
Adele  and  Jean  Louise.  \\'illiara  Lawrence  Cox,  a  horticulturist  of  San 
Bernardino,  married  Esther  Evelyn  Pearson.  They  have  two  children, 
Dorothy  Evelyn  and  Katherine  Doris.  Roy,  an  orchardist  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, married  Florence  Woodhouse.  They  have  two  children,  Roy 
Darnell  and  Glen  Wilgus.  Clififord  Bryan  Cox  is  the  manager  of  the 
packing  houses.  Donald  Aaron  Cox  is  the  sixth  child.  Doris  Geraldine 
is  the  wife  of  James  S.  Willits,  of  Roseville.  They  have  one  daughter, 
Doris.  Three  of  the  sons,  Roy,  Clififord  and  Donald,  took  part  in  the 
World  War.  Roy  trained  at  Camp  Lewis,  was  made  a  corporal  and  went 
overseas  with  the  71st  Division.  He  lost  a  leg  in  the  battle  of  the 
.Argonne.  Clififord  trained  in  Camp  Kearney,  was  a  corporal  and  went 
overseas  with  the  40th  Division.  He  was  in  France  with  his  Company 
until  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  Donald  enlisted  in  the  navy,  trained 
at  San  Pedro  and  was  assigned  to  San  Francisco. 

Madison  T.  Amos,  senior  member  of  the  live  wire  real  estate  firm 
of  Amos  Brothers  in  San  Bernardino,  while  he  has  not  been  a  bona 
fide  resident  of  the  city  for  very  many  years,  for  a  long  period  of  time 
previous  to  actually  locating  in  the  city  made  it  his  headquarters.  He 
transacted  considerable  business  there,  and,  intending  always  to  make  it 
his  home,  purchased  diflferent  properties.  Ever  since  he  entered  the 
business   world    he    has    made    his    presence    distinctly    felt.      With    his 


848         SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

brother  James  C.  Amos  he  has  estabhshed  a  firm  which  maintains  a 
Class  A  reputation  as  a  brace  of  "go  getters"  not  only  in  the  handling 
of  real  estate  but  in  that  infintely  harder  proposition,  mining.  There 
seems  to  be  no  limiting  the  firm's  activities,  and  Mr.  Amos  seems  to 
pos.sess  the  real  Midas  touch.  The  firm  is  a  distinct  asset  to  the  business, 
social  and  fraternal  circles  of  San  Bernardino.  They  have  been  pioneers 
in  many  lines  of  mining  and  real  estate,  and  are  continually  surprising 
the  stand  patters  with  their  forays  into  new  fields,  but  they  always,  in 
popular  parlance,  "bring  home  the  bacon." 

Madison  T.  Amos  was  born  in  Randolph  County,  Alabama,  April 
18,  1868,  the  son  of  Able  L.  and  Narcisse  (Alorgan)  Amos,  both  natives 
of  Alabama.  The  family  is  an  old  one  in  that  district,  the  grandfather 
having  had  a  trading  post  with  the  Creek  Indians,  and  they  came  from 
Revolutionary  stock  of  Scotch-English  descent.  Able  L.  Amos  was 
born  in  1837  and  was  a  planter  all  his  life.  He  served  throughout  the 
war  of  the  states,  and  at  one  time  was  badly  wounded,  pierced  through 
by  a  minie  ball.  He  died  in  1894  in  Waco,  Texas.  He  was  a  democrat 
in  politics. 

The  family  moved  to  Waco,  Texas,  and  there  Madison  T.  Amos 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  afterward  attended  Hill's  Business 
College.  After  that  he  assisted  his  father  in  running  the  family  ranch 
of  six  hundred  and  forty  acres,  which  was  well  stocked  with  cattle. 

In  March,  1902,  he  came  to  California,  landing  first  in  San  Bernardino. 
He  started  mining  in  Death  Valley,  making  his  headquarters  in  Sandy. 
Nevada.  He  mined  there  and  at  Silver  Lake  for  six  years,  and  moved 
to  San  Bernardino  in  July,  1911.  Prior  to  that  year,  however,  he  had 
done  considerable  business  in  San  Bernardino  and  had  purchased  various 
properties. 

Mr.  Amos  started  in  the  real  estate  business  and  also  handled  mining 
interests,  and  has  continued  in  that  line  ever  since,  with  his  brother, 
James  C.  Amos  forming  the  now  well  known  firm  of  Amos  Brothers, 
one  of  the  most  active  and  prominent  in  Southern  California.  They 
discovered  the  first  talc  property  at  Tecopa,  which  was  made  a  com- 
mercial success  and  shipped  the  first  talc  out  of  there.  This  marks  an 
era  in  mining  in  that  district.  They  still  own  a  valuable  and  large  talc 
property  there. 

Mr.  Amos  married  December  27,  1900,  May  Buchanan  Clark,  a 
daughter  of  James  Clark,  of  Scotland.  They  are  the  parents  of  four 
children:  Avirilia,  Winnifred,  Donald  and  Geraldine.  Mr.  Amos  is 
a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Castle,  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  a  member 
of  the  Trinity  Baptist  Church.  In  political  faith  he  adhered  to  the 
democratic  party. 

James  Casper  Amos — The  junior  member  of  the  firm  of  Amos 
Brothers,  expert  handlers  of  real  estate  and  mining  interests  in  San 
Bernardino  County  and  city,  in  fact  in  the  entire  state,  has  been  so 
closely  identified  with  his  brother  M.  T.  Amos  that  to  give  the  life 
record  of  one  is  to  give  also  the  other.  They  have  always  been  insepar- 
able, and  when  the  elder  brother  came  to  Calif  omnia  the  younger 
followed  soon.  They  worked  together  on  the  farm  of  their  parents 
in  Texas,  and  all  their  business  life  has  been  together.  Together  they 
have  met  and  conquered  old  Dame  Fortune,  and  the  thought  of  the  one 
is  the  thought  of  the  other. 

James  Casper  Amos  was  born  in  Randolph  County,  Alabama,  August 
20,  1870,  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  West  Texas,  where 
his  parents  located  in  1882.     He  went  from  there  to  the  West  Texas 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        849 

College  in  the  norllieni  part  of  McClellaii  County,  Texas.  I'ollowing 
that  he  worked  on  his  father's  ranch,  caring  for  the  cattle,  and  continued 
in  this  until  he  came  to  California  in  1905.  He  joined  his  brother  where 
the  latter  was  mining  in  Sandy,  Nevada,  and  since  that  time  all  their 
operations  have  been  conducted  dually.  A  more  detailed  record  of 
their  business  and  also  of  their  family  is  given  in  the  sketch  of  Madison 
T.  Amos. 

James  Casper  Amos  married,  December  12,  1912,  Susie  Inman,  a 
native  of  Nova  Scotia  who  came  to  this  country  when  very  young  and 
was  reared  by  her  grandparents  in  Boston,  Massachusetts.  They  have 
two  children,  James  Bryson  Amos  and  Marjory  Amos.  Mr.  Amos  is  a 
member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  Keystone  Chapter,  Royal  Arch  Masons,  St.  Bernard  Command- 
ery,  Knights  Templar,  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  the  Fraternal  Order  of 
Eagles,  and  the  Elks.  He  is  a  democrat  in  politics  and  in  rehgious  faith 
is  affiliated  with  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  Amos,  with  his  family,  as 
has  been  a  valued  addition  to  the  social  and  fraternal  circles  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, while  in  business  circles  the  firm  is  rated  one  hundred  per  cent. 

Walter  A.  Shay,  sheriff  of  San  Bernardino,  is  not  only  a  native 
son  of  California  but  also  of  the  county  he  so  capably  safeguards.  He 
is  an  integral  part  of  both  city  and  county,  for  he  has  been  so  interwoven 
with  their  life  and  progress  that  he  is  a  vital  part  of  them.  In  both 
his  official  and  private  lifei  he  has  made  friends  of  people  in  all  classes, 
and  he  deserves  everyone  of  them.  It  is  not  only  his  wonderful  gift  for 
making  staunch  friends  which  has  won  Mr.  Shay  his  popularity,  it  is 
also  his  devotion  to  duty,  his  entire  trustworthiness  in  the  administration 
of  his  duties  in  the  public  offices  he  has  held  and  to  which  he  has  given 
himself  without  stint. 

Mr.  Shay  has  a  deep  seated  instinct  for  fair  play  and  a  strong  and 
never  put  aside  belief  in  justice  and  right,  yet  when  it  is  necessary  to 
use  the  "mailed  fist"  he  is  never  found  stalling.  He  is  as  much  feared 
by  the  evil  doers  as  he  is  loved  by  the  well  doers,  and  yet,  while  he 
is  intolerant  of  any  breaking  of  the  laws,  he  still  is  full  of  the  spirit  of 
brotherly  kindness  and  concord.  In  fact  Mr.  Shay  is  getting  out  of 
life  and  its  duties  just  what  he  puts  in  to  it,  and  his  fellow  citizens 
know  he  is  a  man  to  be  depended  upon,  as  officer,  citizen  and  friend. 

Mr.  Shay  was  born  in  San  Bernardino  County  June  29,  1866,  the 
son  of  Walter  A.  and  Eliza  (Goshen)  Shay.  His  father  was  a  real 
pioneer  of  California,  a  forty-niner,  coming  here  by  way  of  the  Isthmus 
route.  In  his  boyhood  he  learned  the  trade  of  cooper,  and  worked  in  that 
line  in  Nova  Scotia.  He  never  liked  the  trade  and  at  the  first  opportunity 
he  gave  it  up.  His  first  work  in  California  was,  as  was  usual  with  the 
men  of  '49,  mining.  He  did  not  remain  with  this  long,  however,  but 
came  to  San  Bernardino  and  went  into  stock  raising  and  general 
ranching.  He  purchased  what  is  known  as  the  Shay  Ranch,  and  on 
this  he  continued  the  raising  of  stock  and  ranching  until  he  met  with 
an  accident.  He  was  thrown  from  a  horse  and  on  December  2,  1899,  a 
week  afterwards,  he  passed  away.  His  wife  died  in  September,  1869. 
She  was  a  native  of  Arkansas. 

Walter  A.  Shay  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernardino, 
after  which  he  went  into  ranching  and  freighting,  devoting  more  time  to 
the  latter,  in  which  occupation  he  continued  for  a  number  of  years.  He 
freighted  between  San  Bernardino  and  various  desert  points,  and  also 
hauled  lumber  for  many  purposes  from  the  mountains  of  San  Bernardino. 
In  1898  he  left  this  somewhat  strenuous  line  of  work  and  a  year  later 


850         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

went  into  the  sheritT's  office  as  a  deputy.  He  was  there  four  years  in 
the  same  capacity.  In  1903,  after  he  left  the  sheriff's  office,  he  was 
elected  city  marshal  of  the  City  of  San  Bernardino,  and  he  held  that 
office  for  two  years.  At  that  time  he  was  appointed  chief  of  police  by 
Mayor  H.  M.  Barton,  and  served  for  two  years,  when  he  decided  to 
leave  the  employ  of  the  city  and  did  so,  immediately  connecting  with  the 
office  of  special  agent  for  the  Pacific  Electric  Railroad  in  its  east  branch. 
He  kept  this  for  two  years,  then  took  the  office  of  chief  of  police  of  San 
Bernardino  again,  appointed  by  Mayor  S.  W.  McNabb.  He  served 
another  two  years  then  went  back  to  railroad  work,  this  time  as  division 
special  agent  for  the  Arizona  Division  of  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Railroad  of 
the  Coast  Line.  He  was  there  for  four  years,  when  he  was  again 
appointed  again  chief  of  police  of  San  Bernardino,  this  time  by  Mayor 
George  W.  W'axon,  and  he  served  two  years.  Three  appointments  as 
chief  of  police  by  three  different  mayors  is  in  its  self  some  indication 
as  to  the  character  of  his  work  in  the  position.  Mr.  Shay  was  then 
appointed  chief  special  investigator  to  the  district  attorney  of  San  Ber- 
nardino County  and  was  in  that  position  a  year  and  six  months.  In 
1918  he  ran  for  sheriff  and  was,  of  course,  elected,  and  is  now  filling 
that  office  to  the  peace  and  satisfaction  of  that  commonwealth. 

He  married  in  March,  1892,  Matilda  McCoy,  a  native  of  San 
Bernardino  County,  California,,  and  a  daughter  of  W.  W.  and  Elizabeth 
McCoy  of  San  Bernardino.  They  have  had  five  children,  one  of  whom 
is  deceased.  Those  living  are :  Weston  W.,  a  dentist  living  in  Los 
Angeles;  Emmett  .L.,  living  in  San  Bernardino,  as  are  the  other  two. 
George  VV.  and  Nellie.  Weston  W.  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  dental  corps 
of  the  Army  during  the  \\orld  war  and  Emmett  L.  served  in  the  Navy, 
being  assigned  to  the  naval  base  at  San  Pedro.  Weston  married  Helen 
Mewhart,  and  have  one  son,  Robert.  Emmett  married  Violet  Wixom, 
and  they  also  have  one  son,  William. 

In  politics  Mr.  Shay  is  a  member  of  the  republican  party.  Fraternally 
he  is  affiliated  with  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  Ancient  Free  and 
Accepted  Ma.sons,  with  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  290  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  with  Moose  Encampment  No.  51.  The  family 
is  identified  with  the  Baptist  Church. 

George  Dimock  Cunningh.xm  needed  only  a  few  months  more  of 
life  to  round  out  forty-five  years  of  continuous  residence  and  active  asso- 
ciation with  the  business  and  civic  affairs  of  Riverside.  He  came  to  the 
town  when  it  was  five  years  old,  and  his  business  enterprise  was  exhibited 
in  several  important  lines,  and  always  in  a  constructive  manner,  so  that 
the  city  owes  much  to  him. 

Mr.  Cunningham,  who  died  at  his  home,  386  West  Ninth  Street, 
January  22,  1921,  was  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  Canada,  April  30,  1852. 
Cunningham  is  an  old  Scotch  name,  and  when  it  first  appears  in  records 
in  1023  the  spelling  was  "Koningshame."  The  old  coat  of  arms  bore 
the  "Shakeforth"  motto,  meaning,  as  is  interpreted  by  Van  Barsen's 
History  "Kings  of  Scotland."  "over,  fork  over."  During  the  Colonial 
period  in  the  eighteenth  century  three  Cunningham  brothers  set  out 
from  the  north  of  Ireland  with  Pennsylvania  as  their  destination.  Being 
wrecked  on  Sable  Island,  Nova  Scotia,  in  1769,  they  landed  at  Halifax 
and  were  induced  to  remain  in  that  Province. 

Herbert  Robie  Cunningham,  father  of  the  late  George  Cunningham, 
was  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia,  was  a  merchant  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death  was  serving  as  county  treasurer,  being  succeeded  in  that  office 
by  his  son,  William  H.  The  mother  of  the  late  Riverside  citizen  was 
Ellen  McGregor,  also  a  native  of  Nova  Scotia. 


<^;;^yO^^^^^^*-^--c^ 


j/(/^a-<i^ 


cJ^o/n/H,  ^i^z^^'z^'i'oo;^^;^^^ 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         851 

tjeorge  D.  Cunningham  acquirt-d  a  coninKjn  school  education  in  liis 
native  province.  As  a  young  man  he  set  up  in  business  at  Merrimack, 
Massachusetts,  as  a  manufacturer  of  carriages.  He  became  a  very 
skilled  and  expert  worker  in  this  line,  and  continued  in  merchandising 
until  1876.  Through  correspondence  with  relatives  he  knew  something 
of  the  advantages  to  be  foui;d  at  Riverside,  and  arrived  here  April  22, 
1876.  For  six  months  he  was  clerk  in  his  cousin's  general  mercliandise 
store,  and  then  bought  a  wagon  sho))  and  continued  the  manufacture 
of  wagons  and  carriages  until  1883,  when  his  plant  was  destroyed  by 
tire.  He  soon  afterward  became  a  furniture  merchant,  but  from  1889 
to  1903  was  in  the  crockery  and  hardware  business^  his  principal  part- 
ner during  that  time  being  A.  A.  W  ood,  under  the  firm  name  of  Wood 
&  Cunningham,  He  had  great  faith  in  Riverside's  future  and  freely 
invested  his  surplus  funds  in  the  improvement  of  real  estate.  In  1883 
he  acquired  the  land  and  built  a  brick  business  block  at  Eighth  and  Main 
streets,  where  the  Security  Savings  Bank  is  now  located.  He  also  owned 
and  built  the  G.  Rouse  department  store  building.  He  was  also  the 
owner  of  (and  which  Mrs.  Cunningham  still  retains)  the  business  block 
on  the  northwest  corner  of  Eighth  and  Main  which  is  occupied  by  the 
Keystone  Drug  Store.  \\  hile  he  was  in  the  hardware  business  he  took 
some  part  in  the  construction  of   nearly  all  the  big  blocks  in  the  city. 

Mr.  Cunningham  was  not  a  politician,  but  was  the  type  of  citizen  in 
whom  people  place  implicit  confidence,  and  he  was  frequently  honored 
in  the  republican  party,  serving  in  county  and  state  conventions  and  on 
committees,  and  during  1916-18  was  a  member  of  the  State  Central 
Committee.  In  1903  President  Roosevelt  appointed  him  postmaster  of 
Riverside.  He  took  charge  of  the  office  April  1,  1903,  and  served 
throughout  Roosevelt's  administration  and  was  reappointed  by  Presi- 
dent Taft.  \\'hile  he  was  postmaster  the  new  Federal  Building  was 
completed,  and  he  was  postmaster  there  one  year.  In  1916  Governor 
Hiram  Johnson  appointed  him  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of 
the  Southern  California  State  Hospital  at  Patton,  and  he  was  chosen 
vice  president  of  the  board.  He  was  reappointed  by  Governor  Stephens 
in  1920,  and  held  that  post  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

Mr.  Cunningham  had  been  a  director  of  the  National  Bank  of 
Riverside  from  the  time  it  was  organized.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  Pioneer  Society,  and  Riverside  Lodge  No. 
643.  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  was  prominent  in 
Masonry,  having  joined  that  order  in  Nova  Scotia  and  demitting  to  become 
a  charter  member  of  and  assisting  in  organizing  Lodge  No.  259,  F.  and 
A.  M.  at  Riverside.  He  was  past  high  priest  of  the  Ro3'al  .\rch  and 
a  past  commander  of  the  Knights  Templar  and  a  member  of  Al  Malaikah 
Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  at  Los  Angeles.  His  funeral  was  conducted 
under   Masonic   auspices. 

Mr.  Cunningham  is  survived  by  Mrs.  Cunningham  and  three  mar- 
ried daughters,  who  have  seven  children,  while  the  child  of  his  only  son 
makes  eight  grandchildren.  At  Riverside,  February  20,  1879,  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham married  Miss  Susan  Elizabeth  Handy.  She  was  born  in 
Massachusetts.  Her  father.  Captain  B.  B.  Handy,  was  a  sea  captain, 
and  Mrs.  Cunningham  as  a  girl  once  accompanied  her  father  on  a 
whaling  voyage.  She  was  liberally  educated,  being  given  opportunity 
to  train  her  artistic  talents.  She  is  an  artist  of  exceptional  ability  and 
the  walls  of  her  home  are  graced  with  a  number  of  fine  water  color 
paintings,  prominent  among  which  might  be  mentioned  one  study  "Mis- 
sion Arches,"  which  has  attracted  much  favorable  attention.  She  spent 
the  summer  of  1921  at  Lake  Tahoe  sketching  the  lake,  mountains  and 
trees.     She  loves  the  outdoor  life  and  most  of  her  studies  are  from  na- 


852         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ture.  She  is  a  incmhcr  uf  llic  DaujjlUcrs  of  the  AiiK-rican  Revolution 
and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  chib  \vorl<  at  Riverside.  The  only  son 
of  their  union  was  Jonathan  Dexter,  who  died  in  189.^,  his  widow  being 
a  resident  of  Ocean  Park.  His  daughter,  Lucile  Cunningham,  is  in 
school.  The  three  surviving  daughters  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cunningham 
are:  Bessie,  wife  of  Harry  B.  Sewart,  of  Riverside,  their  sons  being 
Clarence  and  Byrl ;  Marjory,  wife  of  Jules  H.  Covey,  deputy  county 
recorder,  with  children  Jules  Hailand,  Jr.,  Elizabeth  and  George  Dexter, 
and  Dorothy  Katherine,  wife  of  Earl  L.  McDonald,  of  Prescott,  Arizona, 
mother  of  a  son,  John  Cunningham,  and  a  daughter,  Barbara. 

Major  Leo  Albin  Strom ee,  a  veteran  of  the  World  war,  is  one  of 
the  progressive  business  men  of  San  Bernardino,  where  he  owns  and 
operates  one  of  the  finest  shoe  stores  in  this  part  of  California.  He  is 
a  native  son  of  the  Golden  State,  as  he  was  born  at  Los  Angeles,  April 
3,  1890,  a  son  of  Gustaf  Stromee,  who  was  born  in  Sweden,  August  9, 
i  1845,  and  died  at  San  Bernardino  in  1911. 

In  1867  Gustav  Stromee  came  to  the  United  States,  and  after  landing 
in  New  York  City,  left  it  in  July  of  that  year  for  Chicago,  Illinois.  He 
had  only  $3.50  in  his  pocket  when  he  reached  Chicago,  was  friendless 
and  could  neither  speak  or  understand  the  language.  Because  of  this 
it  Vfc'as  almost  impossible  for  him  to  make  himself  understood  when 
he  applied  for  work,  but  finally  he  met  a  painter  who  could  speak  to 
him  in  his  own  language,  and  from  him  he  obtained  employment.  How- 
ever, this  employer  took  advantage  of  his  helplessness  and  cheated  him 
out  of  two-thirds  of  his  pay.  Further  misfortune  followed  him,  for 
he  was  taken  sick,  had  his  trunks,  and  even  his  clothing,  stolen,  but  with 
the  sturdiness  which  seems  inherent  with  the  Swedish  people  he  managed 
to  accumulate  a  little  hoard  of  money,  and  then  this,  too,  was  taken  from 
him  by  a  dishonest  land  shark. 

In  the  course  of  his  work  he  journeyed  westward,  and  in  1868  joined 
General  Custer's  army,  participating  in  one  engagement  on  December  24th 
of  that  year  when  Custer's  men  met  2,000  buck  Indians,  in  which  the 
soldiers  killed  1,500  and  took  eighty  squaws  and  papooses  prisoners. 
During  the  time  he  was  in  the  army  he  had  many  exciting  experiences, 
saw  murder  committed,  suffered  for  lack  of  food  and  water,  but  escaped 
the  final  fate  of  so  many  of  General  Custer's  soldiers.  Receiving  his 
six-months'  pay,  he  went  back  in  1871  to  Chicago,  and  subsequently 
returned  to  the  West,  locating  at  Los  Angeles.  He  was  married  at 
Highland,  Illinois,  November  6,  1875,  to  Matilda  Seline,  who  was  born 
at  Brooklyn,  New  York,  July  21,  1854.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stromee  became 
the  parents  of  the  following  children  :  Karl  Otto,  who  was  born  October 
27,  1876,  at  Highland,  Illinois,  married  Elsa  Hovander,  born  in  Sweden 
July  10,  1883,  and  they  have  one  daughter,  Eloise,  born  September  2, 
1918;  William  Frederick,  who  died  in  infancy;  and  Major  Stromee, 
whose  name  heads  this  review. 

Major  Stromee  attended  the  public  schools  of  Los  Angeles  and  the 
Los  Angeles  Military  Academy,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1903. 
For  one  year  thereafter  he  was  associated  with  his  father  in  his  building 
and  painting  contracting  business,  and  then  entered  the  employ  of  Wells, 
Fargo  &  Company  at  Los  Angeles,  and  in  February,  1907,  was  transferred 
to  the  San  Bernardino  office  of  that  company,  with  which  he  remained 
until  1908,  when  he  left  it  to  assume  the  management  of  a  shoe  store, 
and  this  position  he  held  until  in  1917,  when  he  resigned  to  enter  the 
United  States  military  service. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        853 

In  1908  Major  Stromee  enlisted  in  Company  K,  Seventh  Infantry, 
California  National  Guard,  and  the  following  year  was  commissioned  a 
second  lieutenant.  In  June,  1915,  he  was  commissioned  a  first  lieutenant, 
and  during  1916  served  on  the  Mexican  border  during  the  troubles  there, 
being  stationed  at  Nogales,  Arizona,  from  July  to  November.  1916.  He 
resigned  his  commission  in  January,   1917. 

On  March  6,  1917,  he  enlisted  as  a  private,  and  was  called  into  the 
service  March  25,  1917,  and  commissioned  captain  of  Company  K,  One 
Hundred  and  Sixtieth  Infantry.  He  received  his  training  at  Camp 
Kearney,  California,  and  sailed  with  the  Fortieth  Division  for  France  in 
July,  1918.  Transferred  from  the  One  Hundred  and  Sixtieth  Infantry 
to  Company  C,  Three  Hundred  and  lughth  Infantry,  Seventy-seventh 
Division,  he  participated  in  the  Argonne  offensive,  and  as  a  member  of 
the  "Lost  Batallion"  was  wounded.  October  3,  1918.  and  sent  to  a 
hospital  in  France.  SufTering  from  a  di.sability,  he  was  invalided  home, 
and  in  1919  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Kearney,  California. 
He  had  been  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major,  and  was  commissioned  as 
such  in  the  Reserve  Corps,  Infantry  Section,  United  States  Army. 

At  the  time  he  was  wounded  Major  Stromee  held  the  rank  of  captain, 
but  was  second  in  command  of  the  regiment.  His  wound,  which  was  in 
the  shoulder,  was  aggravated  because  it  was  not  properly  attended  to  for 
three  days,  and  he  was  suffering  because  of  the  fact  that  for  six  days  he 
and  his  men  had  been  without  food.  When  they  were  rescued  they 
were  subsisting  on  a  little  chewing  tobacco  and  the  leaves  from  surround- 
ing bushes.  Their  ammunition  was  almost  exhausted,  although  they  had 
kept  a  sufficient  amount  to  insure  their  escaping  capture  by  the  enemy, 
they  having  agreed  that  rather  than  submit  to  that  they,  would  kill  each 
other.  While  he  was  in  the  hospital  recovering  from  his  wounds  Major 
Stromee  contributed  to  the  "Stars  and  Stripes"  an  account  relating  in 
thrilling  language  the  sufferings  of  the  "Lost  Battalion,"  and  the  relief 
and  rescue  of  the  command,  one  of  the  greatest  incidents  of  the  war. 
They  had  repulsed,  in  spite  of  their  weakness  and  insufficient  ammunition, 
three  attacks,  and  were  gamely  making  ready  to  repulse  a  fourth  when 
succor  arrived. 

Upon  his  return  to  San  Bernardino  Major  Stromee  established  his 
pre.sent  business  at  521  Third  Street,  and  here  he  is  carrying  on  an 
up-to-date  shoe  store  with  gratifying  resuhs.  During  his  long  connection 
with  the  shoe  business  he  became  thoroughly  acquainted  with  all  of  its 
details,  and  his  success  proves  that  he  knows  his  trade  and  how  to  meet 
its  demand. 

He  has  served  twice  as  commander  of  his  post  of  the  American 
Legion;  is  past  exalted  ruler  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks ;  belongs  to  the  Masonic  fraternity,  the  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden 
West,  and  the  Disabled  Veterans  of  the  World  war.  A  young  man  of 
public  spirit,  he  belongs  to  the  San  Bernardino  Chamber  of  Commerce 
and  is  a  member  of  the  City  Council  from  the  Fourth  Ward. 

On  January  1,  1913,  Major  Stromee  married  at  San  Bernardino 
Miss  Ella  Scott,  and  they  have  two  children,  Karl  Gustaf,  who  was 
born  at  San  Bernardino  December  5,  1913  ;  and  Mary  Jane,  who  was 
born  March  31,  1920. 

Frank  F.  Corrington  has  been  a  Riverside  resident  for  twenty 
years,  has  taken  up  and  developed  some  active  business  interests  in 
Southern  California,  and  has  also  devoted  his  abihty  and  his  leisure 
to  the  active  welfare  of  the  city. 


854         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Corrington  was  born  at  Carrollton,  Illinois,  son  of  Stephen 
Fletcher  and  Susan  (Francis)  Corrington,  both  natives  of  that  state. 
His  mother  is  now  living  at  Riverside.  The  Corrington  family  is  of 
English  ancestry  and  runs  back  to  the  Revolutionary  period  in  America. 
Stephen  Fletcher  Corrington  was  a  man  of  scholarship  and  long  identified 
with  school  work  in  Illinois,  and  for  sixsteen  years  held  the  position  of 
county  superintendent  of  schools  at  Carrollton.  He  was  also  at  one 
lime  master  in  chancery.  He  was  prominent  in  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows. 

Frank  F.  Corrington  acquired  a  grammar  and  high  school  education 
at  Carrollton,  and  as  a  young  man  took  up  the  insurance  business  and  later 
became  an  Illinois  farmer.  He  followed  farming  in  Illinois  until  1902, 
when  he  came  \\'est,  seeking  a  milder  climate  and  other  business  opportuni- 
ties. His  quest  ended  at  Riverside,  and  at  the  present  time  he  is  associated 
in  business  with  his  son,  Kent  L.  Corringlon,  operating  an  automobile 
transfer  line.  Frank  F.  Corrington  was  a  pioneer  in  the  auto  transfer 
business  in  Riverside.  He  organized  the  Orange  Belt  Draymens  Associa- 
tion in  1919,  and  has  been  its  head  and  its  president  ever  since.  This 
includes  the  draymen  in  Riverside  and  San  Bernardino  counties  and 
part  of  Los  Angeles  County. 

When  he  came  to  Riverside  in  1892  and  for  a  number  of  years 
afterwards  he  was  foreman  of  the  Abies  Transfer  Company.  He 
started  in  business  for  himself  with  one  truck  and  now  has  five.  He 
has  always  opposed  the  abusing  of  the  highways  by  the  overloading  of 
trucks,  and  at  the  invitation  of  the  Riverside  County  and  Orange  County 
supervisors,  drafted  the  ordinances  on  this  subject  that  are  in  force  now. 

Mr.  Corrington  is  public  s])irited  and,  though  not  active  in  politics, 
was  honored  with  the  office  of  chief  of  police  of  Riverside,  and  per- 
formed those  duties  most  acce]nably  under  the  administrations  of  Mayors 
William  L.  Peters  and  Oscar  Ford.  Mr.  Corrington  is  a  member  of  the 
Kiwanis  Club  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  of  which  he 
is  a  past  grand,  having  gone  through  the  chairs  while  in  Illinois.  He  is 
on  the  Official  Board  of  the  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  in  which 
both  he  and  his  wife  are  active  workers. 

In  Illinois  he  married  Miss  Margaret  Maberry.  She  Avas  born  in 
that  state,  and  her  father,  W^  M.  Maberry,  lived  for  many  years  in  Illi- 
nois and  at  one  time  was  county  supervisor.  The  only  child  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Carrollton  is  their  .son  Kent  I...  born  in  Carrollton,  Illinois, 
in  1890.    He  is  engaged  in  business  with  his  father. 

Redmond  A.  Lill.\rd,  one  of  the  aggressive  young  business  men 
of  Riverside,  has  been  identified  with  this  community  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia for  the  past  six  years. 

He  was  born  in  Sevier  County,  Tennessee,  in  January,  1884,  son  of 
William  and  Angelette  Lillard.  His  father  died  when  the  son  was 
two  years  of  age.  Mrs.  Angelette  Lillard  is  still  living  and  is  of  Irish 
ancestry. 

Redmond  Lillard  made  the  best  of  his  early  advantages  in  the  country 
schools,  and  as  a  voung  man  he  worked  for  a  time  as  a  salesman  for  the 
.Singer  Sewing  Machine  Company  in  the  i.\tlanta,  deorgia,  district. 
Following  that  he  did  construction  work  at  ditTerent  points  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  and  when  he  came  to  California  in  191.^  he  wa'^ 
engaged  in  the  cattle  industry  in  the  northern  part  of  the  state. 

In  101.^  Mr.  Lillard  came  to  Riverside,  and  soon  afterward  established 
the  Bell  Cleaning  Comjwny,  which  is  now  a  flourishing  industry,  with 
modern  facilities  and  with  branch  offices  in  Corona,  Ferris,  Hemet  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        855 

Beaumont.     Mr.   Lillard  is  affiliated   with   the   Masonic  Order   and   the 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks. 

James  Harrington,  who  died  in  San  Bernardino  some  years  ago, 
was  regarded  as  one  of  the  state's  pioneers,  for  he  came  here  when  a 
young  man,  and  while  he  did  not  live  many  years  in  San  Bernardino 
he  was  there  long  enough  to  draw  around  him  a  circle  of  warm,  true 
friends,  to  whom  he  is  an  everlasting  memory.  As  he  devoted  his  life 
lo  railroad  work  in  positions  of  authority  he  was  thrown  in  contact  with 
all  kinds  and  conditions  of  men,  not  only  those  who  worked  under  him 
but  many  others,  and  with  all  he  was  popular,  for  with  him  it  was  once 
a  friend,  always  a  friend. 

Mr.  Harrington  was  born  in  Brantford,  Canada,  and  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools,  afterward  being  apprenticed  to  a  tool  maker,  with 
whom  he  served  eight  years.  When  he  was  twenty-five  years  old  he 
went  to  Port  Huron,  Michigan,  where  he  followed  the  trade  of  machinist, 
being  appointed  foreman  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway  shops.  In  1889 
he  came  out  to  San  Bernardino  as  general  foreman  of  the  California 
Southern  Railway  shops,  and  was  so  engaged  until  a  year  before  his 
death,  which  occurred  on  March  28,  1895.  He  went  into  Eternity 
loved  by  his  family  and  friends.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Catholic 
Church,  and  politically, he  was  a  member  of  the  democratic  party. 

On  May  27,  1868,  Mr.  Harrington  married  Isabel  McArron,  a  native 
of  Port  Huron,  a  daughter  of  Michael  McArron  and  Mary  (Kinney) 
McArron,  her  father  being  a  native  of  Scotland  and  her  mother  of 
Ireland.  Mr.  McArron  came  to  Port  Huron  in  early  days  and  conducted 
a  hotel.  Mrs.  McArron  was  also  a  pioneer  of  that  place.  Mrs.  Harring- 
ton was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Port  Huron.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Harrington  became  the  parents  of  the  following  children  :  Mary  Josephine, 
wife  of  A.  D.  Griffith,  of  San  Bernardino,  who  has  two  girls  and  one 
boy;  Kate,  deceased  wife  of  Clarence  Rasor,  and  left  two  boys  and  one 
girl ;  and  Gail  and  Lillian  Harrington. 

In  1895  Mrs.  Harrington  started  an  art  shop  in  the  old  Opera  House 
Building,  and  ran  that  for  three  years  and  then  went  into  the  millinery 
business  at  441  Third  Street.  She  successfully  conducted  this  establish- 
ment for  twenty-two  years,  and  then  opened  her  present  place,  December 
15,  1919,  located  at  third  and  F  streets.  Mrs.  Harrington  has  by  her 
own  skill  and  talent  made  this  into  the  leading  establishment  of  its 
kind  in  the  county.  Her  business  acumen  and  personality  have  united 
to  make  her  one  of  the  city's  most  progressive  citizens,  and  also  one  of 
the  most  popular.  She  is  always  more  than  willing  to  take  an  active 
part  in  anything  which  will  be  for  the  good  of  the  community.  Mrs. 
Harrington  has  made  herself  by  her  own  unaided  exertions  an  influence 
in  the  life  of  the  city,  and  her  reputation  for  rectitude  and  integrity  is 
second  to  none. 

John  G.  Eikelman — With  the  business  and  civic  interests  of  San 
Bernardino  the  late  John  G.  Eikelman  was  identified  a  number  of  years 
and  was  one  of  the  substantial  citizens,  prominently  interested  in  all 
movements  looking  to  the  advancement  and  progress  of  the  city. 

He  was  born  at  Quincy,  Illinois,  in  18M.  His  father,  Henry  lukel- 
man,  was  a  California  forty-niner,  having  been  a  participant  in  the  excit- 
ing days  of  the  original  discovery  of  gold.  John  G.  Eikelman  grew  up 
in  Quincy,  had  a  public  school  education,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was 
in  the  general  mercantile  business  at  Wichita,  Kansas.  In  that  city, 
October   22.    1891.    he   married    Miss   Viola    T.    Stewart.     She    was   born 


856        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

in  Indiana,  of  Scotch  ancestry.  Her  father,  John  L.  Stewart,  was  a 
graduate  of  De  Pauw  University  at  Greencastle,  Indiana,  and  in  early 
life  was  a  well  known  educator. 

On  coming  to  San  Bernardino  Mr.  Eikelman  entered  the  wholesale 
and  retail  grain  and  feed  business,  and  was  still  active  as  a  merchant 
in  that  line  when  he  died  in  1909.  His  first  home  in  the  city  was  on 
the  site  of  the  old  fort,  at  357  C,  now  Arrowhead  avenue.  In  this  home 
all  the  children  were  born.  The  present  handsome  home  occupied  by 
Mrs.  Eikelman  and  children,  at  345  Sixth  Street,  was  built  in  1909. 
The  late  Mr.  Eikelman  voted  as  a  democrat,  but  never  put  himself  in 
line  for  political  honors,  though  his  interest  was  unfailing  in  matters  of 
local  welfare.  He  belonged  to  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  was 
affiliated  with  the  Masonic  Order  and  the  Elks. 

Mrs.  Eikelman  is  the  mother  of  four  children.  All  of  their  birth- 
days fell  in  the  same  month.  The  oldest,  Miss  Frances,  during  the  period 
of  the  World  war  was  a  chemist  in  a  munition  factory  in  Amitol,  New 
Jersey,  and  then  resumed  the  work  for  which  she  was  especially  trained, 
the  welfare  work  in  the  Glenn  Mill  School  at  Slayton  Farm  in  Phila- 
delphia. Miss  Nell  Eikelman,  the  second  daughter,  graduated  in  1921 
from  Columbia  University  with  the  Master  of  Arts  degree,  her  major 
subject  being  English.  The  son,  J.  Albert  Eikelman,  finished  his  four- 
year  college  course  in  the  Oregon  Agricultural  College.  While  there 
he  distinguished  himself  as  an  athlete,  and  is  now  athletic  coach  for  the 
high  school  at  Hoquiam,  Washington.  He  married  Miss  Eva  Wheeler 
of  Tillamook,  Oregon.  They  have  one  son,  John  Albert  Eikelman,  Jr. 
E.  Carlyle  Eikelman,  the  younger  son,  is  a  member  of  the  class  of  1924 
in  the  commercial  course  of  the  Agricultural  College  at  Corvallis. 

Edgar  T.  Ham,  county  surveyor  of  San  Bernardino  and  a  citizen  of 
San  Bernardino  City,  just  missed  by  one  short  year  being  a  native  son 
of  California.  He  has  spent  his  life  since  school  days  in  surveying  and 
associate  activities,  and  he  was  the  popular  choice  of  the  residents  for 
the  position  he  so  adequately  fills.  He  is  a  real  Calif ornian  and  a  most 
loyal  one,  having  spent  his  entire  life,  save  for  that  one  little  year,  in 
the  state,  and  most  of  it  in  and  around  San  Bernardino. 

He  was  born  in  Waco,  Texas,  January  25,  1886,  the  son  of  W.  H. 
Ham  and  Elizabeth  (Tennant)  Ham.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Maine 
and  his  mother  was  born  in  Ontario,  Canada.  W.  H.  Ham  was  a  jeweler 
in  Texas,  but  in  1887  he  came  out  to  San  Bernardino  and  bought  an 
orange  grove  of  ten  acres  near  Highland.  He  has  since  added  to  his 
holdings  until  he  has  a  fine  property  of  thirty  acres.  With  his  wife  he 
now  lives  at  this  home.  They  were  the  parents  of  two  children,  Mamie, 
wife  of  William  Gutherie,  city  attorney  of  San  Bernardino,  and  Edgar 
T.  Ham. 

Edgar  T.  Ham  was  educated  in  the  public  and  High  Schools  of  San 
Bernardino,  and  then  worked  for  the  Arrowhead  Reservoir  and  Power 
Company  until  September,  1906.  .After  that  he  was  selected  assistant 
engineer  for  the  Rasor  Brothers,  mining  engineers,  and  until  February, 
1907,  was  with  them.  From  that  time  until  January,  1909,  he  was  an 
assistant  in  the  county  surveyor's  office.  He  next  went  to  the  hydrographic 
department  of  the  Arrowhead  Reservoir  Power  Company,  where  he 
remained  until  May,  1909.  Then,  until  January,  1911,  was  assistant 
city  engineer  of  San  Bernardino.  In  January,  1918,  he  was  appointed 
deputy  county  surveyor,  and  in  1919  was  elected  county  surveyor,  which 
position  he  now  holds  to  the  satisfaction  of  all. 

Mr.  Ham  was  united  in  marriage  on  October  20.  1909,  with  -Xudrey 
D.    Dresser,   a   daughter   of   Nathaniel    .\.    Dresser,   of    San    Bernardino. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        857 

They  are  the  parents  of  two  children,  Margaret  and  Audrey  E.  Dresser. 
Mr.  Ham  is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and  of  the  American  Association  of 
Engineers.  In  politics  he  is  a  republican,  and  in  religious  faith  he  is  affil- 
iated with  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

Georc.e  Kingston  Sherlock,  Jr. — The  importance  of  all  cuniniunitics 
are  measured  by  the  value  of  its  different  business  houses  and  the  men 
owning  and  controlling  them.  If  a  locality  does  not  possess  any  sound 
commercial  and  industrial  interests  its  rating  is  low,  no  matter  how 
desirable  may  me  its  natural  advantages.  Therefore  it  is  a  matter  of 
moment  to  secure  and  hold  those  concerns  whose  operations  will  add 
to  the  prestige  and  enhance  the  value  of  its  realty.  San  Bernardino 
owes  much  of  its  recent  remarkable  expansion  to  the  fact  that  it  has 
become  the  home  for  some  of  the  largest  and  most  dependable  establish- 
ments in  Southern  California,  one  of  which  is  conducted  by  George 
Kingston  Sherlock,  Jr.,  at  529  Court  Street,  where  he  operates  an  autn 
top,  tent  and  awning  business  with  very  gratifying  results  not  only  to 
himself  but  to  all  parties  concerned. 

George  Kingston  Sherlock,  Jr.,  was  born  at  Radersburg,  Montana, 
November  14.  1895,  a  son  of  George  Kingston  and  Hattie  L.  (McKay) 
Sherlock,  grandson  of  Wigmore  Sherlock,  and  great-grandson  of  Gover- 
nor Sherlock,  who  was  a  man  of  great  importance  at  Bandon,  Ireland,  and 
proprietor  of  the  landed  estate  of  The  Green.  He  was  the  father  of  four- 
teen children,  one  of  whom,  George  Sherlock,  although  now  ninety 
years  of  age,  is  still  serving  as  Queen's  Counsel  in  England.  Another 
.son,  Wigmore  Sherlock,  married  beneath  his  social  station  in  life,  was 
con.sequently  disinherited,  and  went  with  his  bride  to  New  Zealand, 
where  they  resided  for  many  years,  and  where  their  ten  children  were 
born.  They  then  came  to  the  United  States,  landing  in  California,  from 
whence  they  went  to  Montana,  driving  a  flock  of  sheep  and  homesteaded 
at  Radersberg.  and  there  he  died  two  years  later. 

C;eorge  Kingston  Sherlock,  Sr..  one  of  the  sons  of  Wigmore  Sherlock 
and  his  wife,  was  reared  and  educated  at  Rader.sburg.  and  there  he 
was  married,  his  wife  being  of  Scotch  parentage.  They  lived  at  Raders- 
burg until  after  the  birth  of  their  son  George  Kingston  Sherlock.  Jr., 
and  then  moved  to  San  Bernardino,  and  a  daughter.  Nellie,  was  born 
soon  thereafter.  Subsequently  twin  daughters.  Elsie  and  Ethel,  were 
born,  and  ten  years  thereafter  their  fifth  child,  Helen,  was  born.  George 
Kingston  Sherlock,  Sr.,  establi.shed  himself  in  business  as  a  manufacturer 
of  tents  and  awnings,  and  also  carried  on  a  carpet  cleaning  department, 
becoming  one  of  the  substantial  men  of  his  day  and  locality. 

Growing  up  at  San  Bernardino,  George  Kingston  Sherlock,  Jr.,  at- 
tended its  excellent  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  its  high 
school  course  in  1914.  Immediately  thereafter  he  entered  his  fathers'  es- 
tablishment, and  after  he  had  acquired  a  full  knowledge  of  it,  the  manage- 
ment was  turned  over  to  him.  In  1915  Mr.  Sherlock  branched  out  to  in- 
clude automobile  trimming  and  upholstering,  which  rapidly  grew  until  it 
became  the  most  important  part  of  the  business.  In  the  meanwhile  there 
was  such  an  expansion  in  all  of  the  departments  as  to  necessitate  the 
securing  of  larger  quarters,  and  in  1920  the  plant  was  moved  to  the 
present  new  and  commodious  building,  which  is  the  largest  establishment 
of  its  kind  in  Southern  California.  Mr.  Sherlock  has  a  model  plant,  for 
he  has  installed  many  new  and  valuable  machines  and  devices  for 
carrying  on   his   business  efficiently   and   expeditiously.      He   gives    em- 


858         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ployment  to  fifteen  skilled  mechanics,  and  has  the  surrounding  territory, 
including  the  desert,  covered  by  experienced  salesmen. 

In  addition  to  carrying  on  his  own  enterprise  with  commendable 
success  Mr.  Sherlock  finds  time  and  interest  for  different  organizations 
which  are  engaged  in  promoting  the  welfare  of  the  business  life  of  the 
city,  and  served  for  two  terms  as  president  and  a  director  of  the  Auto 
Trades  Association ;  is  a  director  of  the  Merchants  Association ;  and 
belongs  to  the  San  Bernardino  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  similar 
associations.  Fraternally  he  maintains  membership  with  San  Bernardino 
Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and  socially 
with  the  Rotary  Club  and  the  Mutual  Dancing  Club.  He  is  non-partisan 
in  his  political  activities. 

On  September  19,  1914,  occurred  the  marriage  of  George  Kingston 
Sherlock,  Jr.,  and  Miss  Daisy  C.  Peters,  at  San  Bernardino,  the  young 
people  eloping.  They  have  a  little  daughter,  Virginia  Lois  Sherlock, 
aged  six  years.  In  every  particular  Mr.  Sherlock  measures  up  to  a  high 
standard  of  citizenship,  and  stands  as  well  socially  as  he  does  in  business 
circles. 

Rev.  Richard  Ainslie  Kirch hoffer  is  rector  of  All  Saints  Episcopal 
Church  of  Riverside.  This  is  one  of  the  large  and  prosperous  Episcopal 
Churches  of  the  county,  with  over  five  hundred  baptized  members  and 
three  hundred  communicants,  and  is  an  organization  with  great  power 
and  influence  for  good  throughout  the  city. 

Members  of  the  Episcopal  Church  were  represented  in  the  pioneer 
colony  that  founded  Riverside,  and  the  services  of  an  Episcopal  minister 
were  held  there  as  early  as  June,  1871.  Thereafter  at  occasional  intervals 
the  community  was  attended  as  a  mission  until  October  5,  1884,  when  All 
Saints  parish  was  organized  from  All  Saints  Mission,  under  the  approval 
of  Bishop  Kip.  Among  the  prominent  members  of  the  parish  at  that 
time  were  E.  C.  Brown,  J.  D.  Brownlee,  E.  J.  Davis,  W.  H.  Hayt,  John 
Jarvis,  W.  P.  Lett,  Ottley  Papineau,,  Dr.  Woodill,  B.  B.  Wright,  L.  M. 
Holt  and  Dr.  Jenkins.  The  first  resident  rector  was  Rev  B.  W.  R. 
Tayler,  who  in  January,  1887,  came  from  New  Brunswick,  Canada,  to 
his  new  duties.  The  parish  was  greatly  prospered  during  his  adminis- 
tration, and  the  cornerstone  of  the  present  church  was  laid  June  24,  1887. 
Rev.  Mr.  Tayler  resigned  in  1891,  and  early  in  the  following  year  was 
succeeded  by  Dr.  Milton  C.  Dotten,  who  served  the  parish  as  rector  for 
twenty-six  years,  until  May,  1918.  His  successor  is  Rev.  Mr.  Kirch- 
hofl'er. 

Richard  Ainslie  Kirchhoffer  was  born  at  Souris,  Manitoba,  Canada, 
June  28.  1890.  His  name  is  Dutch  in  origin,  though  his  paternal  ances- 
tors for  generations  lived  in  Ireland,  which  was  also  the  home  of  his 
mother's  people.  The  Kirc^ihoffers  went  to  Ireland  from  Holland  with 
William  of  Orange.  Rev.  Mr.  Kirchhoffer's  parents  were  Richard 
Beresford  and  Mary  Elizabeth  (Young)  Kirchhoffer.  His  father  was 
born  in  Ballyvourney,  County  Cork,  Ireland,  was  educated  in  England, 
and  immigrated  to  Canada  in  1880,  being  one  of  the  pioneers  in  what  was 
then  the  Canadian  Northwest,  now  the  Province  of  IManitoba.  He  was 
also  a  pioneer  of  the  California  settlement  of  Canadians  known  as  Ontario, 
and  is  remembered  in  that  city  as  one  of  the  men  responsible  for  the 
laying  out  of  the  ornamental  and  shade  tree  system.  From  1904  until 
1919  he  was  a  member  of  the  Los  Angeles  Stock  Exchange,  and  his 
death  occurred  in  December  of  the  latter  year. 

Richard  A.  Kirchhoffer  was  educated  in  the  Los  Angeles  grammar 
schools,   graduated   from   the   Polytechnic    High   School   of   that   city   in 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        859 

1909,  and  received  his  A.  B.  degree  from  the  University  of  Southern 
California  in  1913.  He  then  went  East  to  New  York  City  and  in  1916 
graduated  from  the  General  Theological  Seminary  and  took  his  Orders  in 
the  Episcopal  Church  the  same  year.  From  1916  to  1918  he  served  as 
assistant  minister  at  All  Saints  Episcopal  Church  at  Worcester,  Massa- 
chusetts. In  the  interval  following  his  duties  at  Worcester  and  the 
beginning  of  his  rectorship  at  Riverside  he  was  an  army  chaplain.  From 
August  23,  to  September  26,  1918,  he  attended  the  training  school  for 
chaplains  at  Camp  Zachary  Taylor,  Kentucky,  and  from  September  26 
until  January  29,  1919,  was  chaplain  of  Headquarters  Train  and  Military 
Police,   12th   Division,   Camp   Devons,   Massachusetts. 

Rev.  Mr.  KirchhofTer  was  formally  installed  as  rector  of  All  Saints 
Church  at  Riverside  February  12,  1919.  He  has  been  chaplain  since 
organization  of  Riverside  Post  No.  79,  American  Legion,  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  International  Rotary  Club  of  Riverside,  and  a  republican 
in  politics. 

September  7,  1918,  at  St.  Luke's  Church  at  Anchorage.  Kentucky, 
he  married  Arline  Leicester  Wagner,  daughter  of  James  R.  H.  and 
Mabel  Monahan  Wagner,  now  of  Santa  Barbara.  Rev.  Mr.  Kirchhoffer 
and  wife  have  one  son,  Richard  Ainslie,  Jr.,  born  August  5,  1919. 

Matthew  Gage  was  a  man  to  whom  all  California  may  well  pay  a 
lasting  tribute  of  honor,  for  he  it  was  whose  initiative  and  enterprise 
made  possible  the  cultivation  and  development  of  the  navel  orange  in  the 
Riverside  district,  and  incidentally  led  to  the  upbuilding  of  one  of  the  most 
important  productive  industries  of  the  state.  A  man  of  sterling  char- 
acter, of  marked  civic  loyalty  and  public  spirit,  his  influence  was  ever 
one  of  helpfulness,  and  he  commanded  unqualified  popular  esteem.  His 
work  and  service  widened  in  beneficent  angle,  and  made  possible  the 
winning  of  substantial  fortunes  by  many  other  citizens  of  California. 
His  supreme  material  interest  in  life  was  in  the  development  and  prog- 
ress of  Riverside,  and  the  canal  which  he  constructed  and  which  still 
bears  his  name  is  the  main  artery  of  the  irrigation  system  that  give? 
life  to  the  magnificent  orange  groves  of  this  favored  section  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

Mr.  Gage  was  born  in  Coleraine,  Ireland.  January  11.  1844,  and 
was  a  son  of  James  and  Margaret  Jane  (Orr)  Gage.  His  father  was  a 
man  of  large  business  interests  in  his  native  land.  He  died  shortly  aftei 
his  return  to  Ireland  with  his  family  after  a  year's  visit  to  Canada.  His 
mother  died  at  Riverside,  California,  in  January,  1892,  at  the  age  of 
eighty-two. 

Matthew  Gage  was  reared  and  educated  in  Kingston,  Canada,  and 
was  there  actively  engaged  in  business  until  the  year  1881.  In  that  year 
he  came  to  Riverside,  which  became  his  permanent  residence. 

Prior  to  his  coming  to  Riverside  he  had  purchased  twenty  acres  of 
orange  and  deciduous  groves  on  the  corner  of  California  Avenue  and 
Jackson  Street.  Despite  his  earnest  efforts  this  venture  proved  unprof- 
itable. Regardless  of  that  fact,  his  faith  in  the  possibilities  of  Riverside 
was  not  weakened,  and  he  immediately  directed  his  energies  to  other 
fields  of  development.  On  March  6.  1882.  he  filed  a  Desert  Land  entry 
in  the  office  of  the  United  States  Land  office,  covering  section  thirtv, 
lying  east  of  the  City  of  Riverside,  and  on  the  20th  of  March,  1882, 
purchased  160  acres  of  land  from  W.  F.  Green  in  section  thirty-two  with 
the  hope  of  developing  water  thereon  by  means  of  wells  for  the  reclama- 
tion of  section  thirty.  On  the  same  date  he  also  purchased  Lot  One  of  the 
Southern   California   Colony   Association   Lands   from  Hettie   A.    Green, 


860        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

where  he  established  his  residence,  and  where  he  thereafter  continuously 
resided  until  his  death  in  1916. 

Failing  to  find  water  in  sufficient  amount  on  section  thirty-two,  he 
began  negotiations  with  J.  Alphonso  Carit  for  the  purchase  of  the  Carit 
Tract  (now  known  as  Victoria)  in  1885,  and  consummated  the  purchase 
of  1,000  acres  of  the  same  on  March  1,  1886,  for  the  sum  of 
$175,000.00.  Upon  this  tract  he  caused  to  be  bored  many  artesian 
wells,  some  of  which  now  constitute  a  part  of  the  water  supplv  of  the 
Cage  Canal. 

On  July  27,  1885,  Mr.  Gage  purchased  six-sevenths  of  the  Hunt  and 
Cooley  Ditch  from  George  Cooley,  Ambrose  Hunt,  James  Stewart  and 
Peter  Filaux,  which  carried  with  it  the  right  to  take  all  the  water  flowing 
in  the  Santa  Ana  River  at  the  point  of  the  intake. 

It  was  with  this  water  that  Mr.  Gage  intended  to  reclaim  section 
thirty.  To  convey  this  water  to  his  lands  it  was  necessary  to  construct  a 
canal  twelve  miles  in  length.  This  required  the  boring  of  more  than  a 
mile  of  tunnels  through  the  bluffs  to  the  south  of  the  Santa  Ana  River 
and  the  acquisition  of  rights  of  way  over  the  lands  of  others.  These 
rights  of  way  were  largely  acquired  by  conveying  to  the  owners  wafer 
rights  in  the  canal  to  be  built  and  necessitated  the  development  of  water 
in  amounts  not  only  sufficient  to  reclaim  section  thirty,  but  also  to  irri- 
gate what  was  then  known  as  East  Riverside,  but  now  called  Highgrove. 
The  Gage  Canal  was  thereafter  constructed  and  water  therefrom  supplied 
to  the  three  thousand  acres  of  land  on  the  Highgrove  Mesa,  and  con- 
veyed to  and  upon  section  thirty.  Unfortunately  the  time  within  which 
the  law  provides  that  desert  land  should  be  reclaimed  expired  before  water 
was  actuallv  placed  upon  section  thirty.  The  dav  after  the  expiration 
of  this  period  four  persons  filed  Homestead  and  Timber  Culture  entries 
unon  each  quarter  section  of  section  thirtv,  and  thereby  precipitated 
litigation  in  the  United  States  Land  Office  and  in  the  courts,  which  ulti- 
matelv  was  determined  in  Mr.  Gage's  favor  by  the  issuance  of  a  patent 
to  him  on  April   1,   1896. 

In  his  eflForts  to  obtain  water  for  the  reclamation  of  section  thirty 
the  vision  of  Mr.  Gage  grew  until  in  his  mind's  eye  he  could  see  not  only 
Highgrove  flourishing  with  groves,  but  also  the  six  thousand  acres  lying 
south  of  the  Terquisquito  Arroyo,  now  known  as  Arlington  Heights.  On 
June  1.^.  1887,  he  secured  an  option  from  S.  C.  Evans.  Sr..  for  the  pur- 
cha<;e  of  this  tract,  and  enlarged  the  plans  of  the  Gage  Canal  so  as  to 
permit  the  carrying  of  sufficient  water  not  only  for  the  irrigation  of 
Highgrove  and  section  thirty,  but  also  for  the  thousands  of  acres  of 
.Arlington  Heights.  Unable  to  secure  financial  assistance  to  carry  out 
this  protect,  he  proceeded  to  England  in  1889.  and  there  enlisted  the 
aid  of  British  capital.  .As  a  result  of  his  efforts  there  the  Riverside 
Trust  Company,  Limited,  was  incorporated  December  1,^,  1889.  which 
company  purchased  from  Mr.  Gage  Arlington  Heights  and  all  of  the 
stock  of  the  Gage  Canal  Company,  the  latter  company  beine  organized 
in  California  for  the  purpo<?e  of  managing  and  operating  the  Gage  Canal 
and  its  water  sources.  Mr.  Gage  reserved  a  large  block  of  stock  in  the 
Trust  Company  for  his  interests,  and  became  its  managing  director. 
The  Gage  Canal,  which  had  been  in  1888  extended  to  cover  Arlington 
Heights,  was  thereupon  put  into  commission,  and  the  lands  planted  under 
Mr.  Gage's  management;  streets  opened  and  graded:  and  this  develop- 
ment continued  under  his  supervision  until  1894,  at  which  time  he  resigned 
as  an  oflicer  of  the  company,  being  succeeded  as  manager  by  William 
Irving,  his  brother-in-law,  who  theretofore  had  been  the  engineer  for 
the  company. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         861 

I'or  a  considcralilc  pcricul  after  1804  iinich  of  Mr.  Gage's  time  was 
taken  up  with  litigation  connected  with  liis  varied  interests  and  in  the 
(leveloimient  of  section  thirty,  tliree  Inmched  acres  of  which  were  still 
owned  by  him  at   the   time  of  his   death. 

Mr.  Gage  was  an  earnest  member  of  the  Calvary  Presbyterian  Church, 
which  he  was  instrumental  in  organizing  and  which  in  its  early  years 
was  largely  supported  by  him.  In  1892  liis  wife  presented  to  the  church 
the  beautiful  organ  which  is  at  the  present  time  in  use,  and  which  was 
given  in  memory  of  the  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gage  who  had  passed 
away  at  that  time. 

He  was  interested  in  all  things  that  touched  the  civic  and  material 
welfare  and  progress  of  his  home  city  and  county. 

In  subdividing  the  lands  of  Arlington  Heights,  which  prior  to  the 
construction  of  the  (jage  Canal  were  covered  with  sage  brush  and 
cactus,  and  having  in  mind  the  future  development  and  beautification 
of  the  community,  he  caused  to  be  laid  out  \'ictoria  Avenue,  a  double 
road  leading  from  Victoria  Hill  on  the  north  to  the  lands  of  the  San 
Jacinto  Land  Company,  eight  miles  below.  As  managing  director  of 
the  Riverside  Trust  Company  he  caused  to  be  constructed  the  Victoria 
Bridge,  which  spans  the  Terquisquito  Arroyo,  and  presented  it  to  the 
city.  He  spared  neither  time  nor  efTort  to  beautify  the  properties  under 
his  control.  Widely  traveled  and  deeply  read  in  all  forms  of  literature, 
with  a  deep  appreciation  and  love  of  music,  and  with  a  keen  and  sparkling 
wit,  Mr.  Gage  was  both  a  delightful  companion  and  a  constant  inspiration 
to  all  those  who  enjoyed  his  friendship. 

Mr.  Gage  married  on  June  30.  1869,  Jane  Gibson,  of  Kingston, 
Canada,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Jane  Gibson,  both  of  whom  were  born 
in  Belfast,  Ireland.  Mr.  Gibson  was  the  owner  of  many  acres  of  farming 
lands  in  Ontario,  Canada. 

Mr.  Gage  left  surviving  him  three  children  and  one  grandson,  Gage, 
so  named  after  his  grandfather,  the  son  of  his  second  daughter,  Maude 
Louise,  now  Mrs.  W.  G.  Irving.  The  eldest  daughter,  Margaret  Jane 
Gage,  resides  with  her  mother.  His  third  daughter,  Anna  Stewart,  is  the 
wife  of  H.  S.  Montgomery,  a  mining  engineer  residing  at  Lompoc. 
California.  Five  children  were  lost  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gage.  Katherine 
MacKenzie,  Horace  James,  Robert  Condit,  Edith  Anna  and  Francis 
Gibson. 

Mr.  Gage  died  January  22,  1916,  and  was  interred  in  the  family  bmial 
ground  in  Olivewood  cemetery. 

William  Irvixc.  Among  the  men  whose  efforts  aided  in  the  rapid 
development  of  Riverside  during  the  late  eighties  and  early  nineties  of 
the  last  century  was  the  late  William  Irving.  Mr.  Irving  was  born  near 
Annandale,  Dumfries,  Scotland,  in  1833,  the  son  of  William  and  Eliz- 
abeth ( Brow  )  Irving.  At  the  age  of  twelve  he  came  to  Kingston,  Canada, 
where  he  received  his  education  as  an  architect  and  engineer.  Until  his 
father's  death  in  1874  he  was  associated  with  him  in  the  designing  and 
erection  of  many  of  the  public  and  collegiate  buildings,  which  distin- 
guish the  City  of  Kingston  among  Canadian  cities.  In  1881  he  organ- 
ized and  became  president  and  manager  of  the  Kingston  Car  Works. 

In  1887,  on  the  invitation  of  Matthew  Gage.  Mr.  Irving  came  to 
Riverside  to  act  as  engineer  of  the  Gage  Canal  System.  Under  his  direc- 
tion the  Gage  Canal  was  constructed  from  the  Terquisquite  Arroyo  to 
its  present  terminus  and  Arlington  Heights  was  laid  out  in  its  present 
form.  Later,  upon  the  organization  of  the  Riverside  Trust  Company, 
Limited,  in  1890,  which  company  acquired  Mr.  Gage's  interest  in  Arling- 
ton Heights,  and  in  the  Gage  Canal  he  became  the  engineer  of  that  com- 


862         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

jiany.  Immediately  followiiif^  tlie  orjjaiiizalion  of  the  Trust  t'omiiany 
tlie  planting  of  Arlington  Heights  was  begun  and  continued  until  upwards 
of  five  thousand  acres  of  desert  were  converted  into  prolific  citrus  groves. 
Mr.  Irving  in  1894  became  manager  of  the  company  and  continued  to 
act  as  such  until  the  year  1901  ;  and  thereafter  as  consulting  manager 
until   his  death. 

In  1901  Mr.  Irving  was  re((uested  by  the  United  States  Government 
to  make  an  investigation  and  report  upon  irrigation  practice  in  Southern 
California.  Upon  this  work  he  was  engaged  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  September  23,  1904. 

Mr.  Irving  was  widely  read  in  all  branches  of  literature.  His  chief 
]:)leasure,  however,  was  found  in  philosophical  and  scientific  studies,  and 
in  the  discussion  of  such  subjects.  Of  a  clear  and  logical  mind  he  fol- 
lowed the  course  of  reason  with  relentless  precision,  regardless  of  the 
results  to  generally  accepted  dogma.  The  solution  of  the  problems  of  life 
in  the  light  of  truth  was  everything  to  him,  and  no  demand  of  expediency 
could  cause  him  to  hesitate  in  putting  his  decisions  into  action. 

In  1867  Mr.  Irving  married  Eliza  Gage  at  Kingston,  Canada,  who 
still  survives  him.  Mrs.  Irving  was  born  in  Coleraine,  Ireland,  in  1839, 
the  daughter  of  James  and  Margaret  Orr  Gage. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Irving  had  a  family  of  six  children,  all  of  whom  are 
still  living.  In  1897  their  eldest  daughter,  Elizabeth  Brow,  married  John 
M.  Mylne.  who  succeeded  Mr.  Irving  as  engineer  of  the  Gage  Canal 
System.  His  second  daughter.  Margaret  Eva,  married  Stewart  E.  Mal- 
locb  of  Hamilton,  Canada,  in  1901  ;  and  the  youngest,  Kathleen,  married 
Edward  W.  Trevelyan. 

Of  his  three  sons,  William  G.  is  a  lawyer  practicing  in  Riverside; 
Robert  M.  is  engaged  in  horticulture ;  and  J.  Norman  is  a  civil  engineer 
of  Los  Angeles,  California. 

^^'ILLIAM  G.  Irving  has  been  active  in  his  practice  as  an  attorney- 
at-law  at  Riverside  for  a  number  of  years.  His  father  was  closely  identi- 
fied with  the  constructive  enterprises  that  developed  the  rich  horticul- 
tural area  around  Riverside. 

Mr.  Irving  was  born  at  Kingston,  Ontario,  Canada,  May  16,  1870, 
son  of  \\'illiam  and  Eliza  Irving.  His  father,  William  Irving,  Sr.,  was 
born  in  Dumfries,  Scotland,  in  1833.  He  was  a  civil  engineer,  and  for 
many  years  was  president  and  manager  of  the  Kingston  Car  Works 
Company.  He  also  held  the  office  of  alderman  in  Kingston.  In  1887 
he  came  to  California  and  thereafter  continued  his  business  and  pro- 
fessional career  as  engineer  and  manager  of  the  Riverside  Trust  Coni- 
])any,  Limited.  He  died  in  1904.  His  wife  was  born  in  Coleraine, 
Ireland,  in  1839. 

William  G.  Irving  was  reared  and  educated  in  Kingston,  Canada, 
attending  the  Collegiate  Institute,  and  is  a  graduate  Bachelor  of  Arts  of 
the  University  of  Queens  College  in  that  city.  After  finishing  his  uni- 
versity career  he  came  to  California  and  has  practiced  law  in  Riverside 
for  nearly  twenty-three  years  Mr.  Irving  was  for  five  years  by  federal 
appointment  referee  in  bankruptcy ;  and  for  seven  years  was  city  attorney 
of  Riverside. 

During  the  World  war  Mr.  Irving  turned  over  his  office  force  and 
his  entire  time  to  the  Red  Cross  chapter  of  Riverside,  of  which  he  was 
chairman,  and  to  the  Food  Administration,  which  he  represented  in 
Riverside  County. 

During  his  earjy  youth  he  served  as  a  private  in  C  Company,  Princess 
of  Wales  Own  Rifles,  in  Canada.  He  is  a  democrat  in  politics,  and  a 
member  of  the  Victoria  Country  Club  of  Riverside. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        863 

February  19,  1913,  at  Los  Angeles,  Mr.  Irving  married  Maude  Louise 
Gage,  daughter  of  Matthew  Gage,  of  Riverside. 

John  Alexander  Henderson,  the  popular  and  efficient  mayor  of 
San  Bernardino,  from  May,  1919,  to  May,  1921,  is  not  only  a  native 
son,  his  birthplace  the  city  of  which  he  was  mayor,  and  the  son  of  a 
pioneer,  but  he  is  a  man  who  experienced  as  many  vicissitudes  and  led 
as  strenuous  a  life  in  many  ways  as  the  earliest  of  pioneers.  He  took  a 
man's  part  at  a  very  young  age  and  when  he  reached  manhood  he  essayed 
various  lines  of  work,  generally  ending  by  being  placed  in  charge  of  the 
work,  but  at  the  same  time  he  had  many  adventures  and  made  many 
changes  of  occupation  and  of  scenes.  He  ma-naged  to  extract  plenty 
of  the  joy  of  life  as  he  went  along,  and  always  made  friends.  Mr. 
Henderson  is  of  the  West,  a  genuine  westerner,  and  typical  Californian. 
He  is  of  the  "salt  that  keeps  civilization  from  decay."  He  can  relate 
many  tales  of  the  early  pioneer  days  which  are  more  fascinating  than 
any  romance. 

Mr.  Henderson  was,  as  stated  above,  born  in  San  Bernardino,  on 
May  29,  1857.  His  father  was  David  Henderson,  a  native  of  Scotland, 
who  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1856.  He  was  a  merchant  in  the  old 
country,  and  a  stock  raiser  as  soon  as  he  located  in  California.  His 
wife  was  Margaret  Adam,  also  a  native  of  Scotland.  She  died  in  1900. 
They  were  the  parents  of  ten  children,  of  whom  John  A.  was  the  young- 
est.    Seven  of  them  reached  maturity. 

Mr.  Henderson  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernardino, 
and  worked  on  his  mother's  stock  ranch  as  soon  as  he  was  able  to  ride  a 
horse,  which  was  when  he  was  nine  years  of  age.  He  continued  in  this 
work  until  he  was  seventeen  years  old,  at  which  period  his  mother  moved 
to  Juappa,  which  at  that  time  was  supposed  to  be  Government  land,  but 
which  later  proved  to  be  a  part  of  the  Stearns  grant.  The  stock  was 
moved  to  this  district,  as  it  was  growing  so  fast  the  ranch  near  San 
Bernardino  was  getting  overcrowded.  They  were  notified  to  move 
off  the  property,  but  Mrs.  Henderson  had  a  will  of  her  own  and  paid 
no  attention  to  the  notice.  Later,  however,  she  sold  out  all  the  stock  and 
moved  back  to  San  Bernardino. 

At  this  juncture  Mr.  Henderson,  Jr.,  decided  to  work  in  a  saw- 
mill, and  did  so,  starting  in  one  owned  by  Tyler  Brothers,  where  he 
remained  until  the  fall  of  1875,  when  he  went  to  one  owned  by  Van 
Slack  &  Summers,  where  he  worked  several  years.  Real  money  was 
so  scarce  it  was  a  curiosity,  and  he  had  to  take  his  pay  in  lumber, 
which  he  managed  to  trade  for  his  necessities.  And,  true  to  form, 
the  necessities  were — a  six  shooter  and  a  watch.  After  two  years' 
work  at  the  last  named  place  he  was  made  head  sawyer,  and  was 
so  employed  for  two  years.  His  original  job  at  the  mill  was  wheeling 
sawdust,  and  his  promotions  were  won  by  sheer  hard  work  and  appli- 
cation. His  keen  eve  made  him  an  expert  at  settings  the  logs  on 
the  head  blocks,  and  this  was  what  decided  the  firm  to  give  him  the 
job  of  being  in  charge  of  the  sawing. 

In  1877  he  decided  on  a  change  and  went  to  Santa  Maria,  to  an 
uncle,  W.  L.  Adam,  who  had  purchased  eleven  leagues  of  land  and 
who  also  conducted  a  large  general  store.  He  worked  for  a  time  in 
the  store  and  then  engaged  in  driving  a  team,  as  he  did  not  like  the 
indoor  confinement.  He  varied  this  by  working  also  on  the  big  Suey 
ranch  for  a  man  named  Fields,  who  was  in  charge  of  the  property. 
In  1878  Mr.  Henderson  returned  to  San  Bernardino  and  drove  team 
for  Van  Slack  in  the  mountains  of  the  district  until  1880,  when  the 


864         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'Ei^iSlDJ-.  COUNTIES 

big  Bodie  boom  started.  With  seven  others  he  procured  teams  and 
started  for  Bodie,  but  on  tlie  way  up  they  met  crowds  of  men  return- 
ing from  Bodie  who  told  them  the  boom  was  "busted,"  so  they 
decided  not  to  go  on.  When  the  party  reached  Bishop  Creek,  Mr. 
Henderson  decided  to  get  a  job  there.  At  that  point  lived  a  man 
named  Gillette,  who  had  an  old  grist  mill.  Mr.  Henderson  talked 
with  him  about  the  chances  of  getting  a  job,  and  Gillette  went  to  a 
man  named  Mallory  and  secured  him  work  the  next  day.  Mallory 
had  320  acres  of  land  and  raised  grain,  cattle,  hogs  and  chickens,  sell- 
ing to  the  miners  around  Bellville.  He  went  to  work  for  him  in  May 
and  worked  all  summer..  After  the  first  month  he  was  made  fore- 
man. Among  the  men  he  had  to  oversee  were  a  number  of  Piute 
Indians.  In  the  fall  Mr.  Henderson  started  hauling  grain  to  Bell- 
ville, and  it  sold  for  five  cents  per  pound.  At  other  times  he  would 
take  out  hogs,  chickens  and  sometimes  a  bunch  of  cattle.  He  worked 
for  Mallory  until  1882,  and  then  went  to  work  again  for  Tyler  Broth- 
ers, and  was  engaged  as  lumberman  there  for  two  years. 

He  then  started  in  business  for  himself,  buying  a  team  and  haul- 
ing freight  up  to  the  mountains  and  hauling  down  lumber  on  the  return 
trip.  He  kept  this  up  about  seven  years,  and  in  1889  was  elected 
city  marshal  of  San  Bernardino,  and  ex  officio  tax  collector.  He  held 
these  offices  until  1901,  and  then  ran  again  for  the  position,  but  was 
defeated.  He  then  worked  for  Walter  Shay  in  the  police  department 
for  four  years,  after  which  he  was  special  officer  for  the  Santa  Fe  for 
seven  years.  He  resigned  from  this  position  then  in  order  to  be  at 
home  with  his  wife,  who  was  in  poor  health,  and  his  duties  in  that 
position  kept  him  away  from  home  most  of  the  time.  He  was  elected 
councilman  from  the  Fifth  Ward,  and  while  holding  this  position  he 
was  elected  mayor  of  San  Bernardino,  in  1919,  serving  until  May, 
1921.  After  leaving  the  mayor's  office  Mr.  Henderson  was  appointed 
administrator  and  has  been  looking  after  the  estate  of  his  deceased 
sister,  Mrs.  Margaret  Yeager.  This  estate  consists  principally  of 
orange  groves  in  the  Rialto  district.  Mr.  Henderson  owns  a  pretty 
home  of  five  acres  in  San  Bernardino. 

In  1889  he  married  Asenia  Wilson,  a  daughter  of  James  Wilson, 
of  El  Monte,  California.  He  is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge 
No.  348,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  and  of  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110,  Native 
Sons  of  the  Golden  West.  Politically  he  gives  his  allegiance  to  the 
democratic  party. 

Charles  P.  Hayt. — The  enterprises  originating  in  and  directed  by 
him  and  others,  with  which  he  has  been  prominently  associated,  give 
Charles  P.  Hayt  a  notable  place  in  the  history  of  Riverside  and 
Riverside  County.  An  early  recognition  of  the  possibilities  in  the 
building  line  and  unlimited  faith  in  the  city  has  brought  him  enviable 
prosperity.  Always  public  spirited,  he  has  given  time,  money  and 
energy  to  the  work  of  the  community  as  a  whole.  This  interest  has 
been  thoroughly  progressive  and  constructive. 

The  history  of  local  transportation  in  particular  involves  repeated 
reference  to  Charles  P.  Hayt  and  his  father.  He  had  the  distinction 
of  establishing  the  first  star  passenger  and  mail  route  between  River- 
side, Colton  and  Temecula.  It  was  not  only  his  capital  that  provided 
the  facilities  for  this  transportation  route,  but  his  brawn  and  muscle 
were  availed  in  driving  one  of  the  old  Concord  coaches  between  the 
points   named.     Mr.    Hayt    was   the   first   man   to   put   up   a   thousand 


SAX  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUXTIES         865 

dollars  for  the  franchise  and  the  first  steel  laid  in  Riverside  for  the 
Street  Railway,  which  afterward  merged  into  the  Arlington  Company 
and  has  since  been  developed  as  part  of  the  great  system  of  the 
Pacific  Electric  Railroad.  The  first  local  line  ran  on  Seventh,  Park 
and  Eighth  streets  to  Mount  Rubidoux,  and  the  passengers  were  car- 
ried in  little  cars  built  by  the  St.  Louis  Car  Company. 

Charles  P.  Havt  was  horn  in  Patterson,  Putnam  County,  New  York, 
October  15,  1854, 'son  of  William  A.  and  Mary  E.  (  Pugsley )  Hayt.  His 
great-grandfather,  Stephen  Hayt,  was  a  drummer  boy  in  Washing- 
ton's Army  during  the  Revolution.  Later  he  engaged  in  farming  in 
Putnam  County,  New  York,  where  his  son,  Harry,  his  grandson, 
William  A.,  and  his  great  grandson,  Charles  P.,  were  all  born,  and 
where  in  different  generations  they  were  identified  with  farming  and 
merchandising. 

William  A.  Hayt  made  his  first  trip  across  the  plains  to  California 
in  1859.  He  again  came  West  by  way  of  the  Isthmus  of  Panama  ten 
years  later.  He  had  a  part  in  various  enterprises  in  Riverside  and 
vicinity,  and  he  lived  there  for  many  years,  until  his  death  on  De- 
cember 4,  1915. 

Charles  P.  Hayt  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Putnam  County,  New  York.  For  eight  years  he  was  in  business 
in  New  York  State.  He  knows  intimately  many  phases  of  pioneer 
times  in  the  far  West.  During  the  exciting  days  of  the  Comstock 
lode,  during  the  seventies,  he  was  at  Virginia  City,  Nevada,  and  came 
in  touch  with  many  of  the  old  time  miners  and  the  mining  conditions 
of  that  period.  Mr.  Hayt  altogether  has  made  five  trips  across  the 
Isthmus  of  Panama.  His  observations  of  the  Isthmus  caused  him 
to  believe  that  a  mistake  was  made  when  the  United  States  started 
the  construction  of  its  great  canal.  He  has  always  favored  the  con- 
struction of  a  tide-water  canal  instead  of  the  lock  system. 

Mr.  Hayt  came  to  Riverside  in  September,  1882,  and  with  his 
father  engaged  in  the  livery  and  transfer  business  and  also  as  dealers 
in  meat.  It  was  a  very  small  scale  enterprise,  and  two  horses  com- 
prised the  livery  equipment.  They  built  a  stable  55x150  feet,  and 
soon  the  business  outgrew  even  these  facilities  and  they  purchased 
adjoining  property  and  built  upon  it.  Soon  after  this  C.  P.  Hayt 
purchased  all  his  father's  interests.  Charles  P.  Hayt  was  a  born 
veterinarian,  and  for  years  he  personally  cared  for  the  health  of  his 
horses.  In  former  years  he  conducted  one  of  the  best  stables  in 
Southern  California,  and  had  probably  the  largest  livery  business, 
and  was  also  a  large  dealer  in  hay  and  grain.  During  the  time  he 
and  his  father  were  associated  they  operated  the  first  mail  stage  line. 
This  line  boasted  one  of  the  old  six-horse  Concord  stages,  and  later 
that  coach  was  sold  to  Cave  &  Reeves  of  Redlands  to  be  used  in  the 
desert  runs. 

Mr.  Hayt's  personality  and  his  willingness  to  assist  in  all  matters 
of  public  importance  made  his  business  a  most  popular  and  profitable 
one.  He  finally  gave  up  the  livery  business  to  enter  larger  fields  of 
endeavor.  Building  construction  appealed  to  him,  and  he  and  his 
father  erected  a  number  of  buildings  in  Riverside.  They  jointly 
erected  the  three-story  brick  building  known  as  the  Hayt  Block  on 
the  southwest  corner  of  Seventh  and  Main  streets,  Charles  P.  Hayt 
later  purchasing  his  father's  interest.  It  was  constructed  in  1887  on 
ground  55x155  feet.  In  November,  1892,  Mr.  Hayt  built  his  present 
handsome  residence  at  484  Orange  Street.     He  constructed  other  build- 


866         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ings,  and  his  faith  in  the  rapid  advancement  of  Riverside  has  been  com- 
pletely justified. 

Mr.  Hayt  in  1888  took  an  active  part  in  the  formation  of  the  River- 
side Gas  &  Electric  Company,  and  was  the  second  to  fill  the  office  of 
secretary.  This  public  utility  was  successful  from  the  start,  and  is  still 
giving  Riverside  as  fine  a  service  as  is  enjoyed  by  any  other  city  on  the 
coast.  In  politics  Mr.  Hayt  is  a  republican,  but  has  concerned  himself 
with  politics  only  so  far  as  the  interests  of  the  local  community  were 
concerned.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows  Lodge  in  the  old 
home  town. 

May  22,  1884,  at  Riverside,  Mr.  Hayt  married  Miss  Minnie  Myrtle 
Morey,  of  an  old  American  family  of  English  ancestry.  She  was  born 
in  Naperville,  Illinois,  and  her  parents,  Amos  Benjamin  and  Mary 
Amanda  Morey,  are  both  natives  of  New  York.  Mr.  Morey  was  a  Union 
soldier,  serving  throughout  the  Civil  War.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hayt  have 
two  sons.  William  Augustus,  the  elder,  is  in  the  implement  business  at 
Los  Angeles,  while  Arthur  Pugsley  Hayt  is  engaged  in  the  automobile 
business  in  Los  Angeles.  Mrs.  Hayt  came  to  Riverside  May  10,  1883, 
in  the  interests  of  Aliss  Irene  Lamb.  Mrs.  Hayt  was  a  buyer  for  small 
mercantile  houses  and  was  instrumental  in  establishing  the  first  Riverside 
store  dealing  exclusively  in  ladies'  goods  and  art  work.  It  was  a  very 
successful  enterprise,  but  after  a  year  they  moved  to  Los  Angeles  and 
established  the  business  there.  Mrs.  Hayt  joined  the  Riverside  Woman's 
Club  when  it  was  three  weeks  old,  and  took  an  active  part  therein  until 
1917,  and  is  still  a  member  of  the  organization. 

Phil  G.  Rimell,  special  agent  for  the  Union  Oil  Company  at  River- 
side, California,  is  one  of  the  successful  men  of  this  region,  and  one 
whose  career  has  been  marked  by  earnest  endeavor,  hard  work  and  good 
business  management.  He  was  born  at  London,- England,  September 
23,  1874,  a  son  of  George  James  and  Ellen  (Carter)  Rimell,  both  of 
whom  are  still  living,  although  over  eighty  yeaps  old.  They  were  natives 
of  London,  and  here  he  has  been  engaged  in  handling  a  store  for  old 
books  and  engravings  which  was  established  over  seventy-five  years  ago. 
They  are  in  excellent  health,  and  in  spite  of  their  years  are  still  active. 
Both  belong  to  old  English  families. 

It  was  intended  by  his  parents  that  Phil  G.  Rimell  be  given  a  thor- 
ough training  and  fitted  for  the  calling  of  a  mining  engineer  in  both 
London,  England,  and  Madrid,  Spain,  and  to  this  end  he  was  sent  to  an 
excellent  private  school  to  acquire  the  fundamentals  of  a  solid  education. 
These  plans  were  entirely  upset,  however,  by  the  discovery  that  he  would 
not  be  able  to  complete  his  studies  on  account  of  his  weak  eyes,  and  so, 
when  only  fifteen  and  a  half  years  old,  the  courageous  lad  crossed  the 
ocean  to  the  L^nited  States,  and  reached  Helena,  Montana,  May  8,  1890, 
determined  to  learn  the  stock  business  in  all  its  details.  Young  men  were 
then  in  great  demand  by  the  large  cattle  growers  to  ride  the  range,  and 
in  spite  of  his  youth  he  had  no  difficulty  in  securing  work.  From  the 
beginning  he  earned  enough  to  pay  his  own  way,  and  liked  the  business 
in  spite  of  the  hardships  incident  to  it,  for  Montana  was  then  on  the 
outskirts  of  civilization  and  the  cowboys  of  that  period  had  to  rough  it 
in  true  pioneer  fashion. 

At  the  termination  of  a  five-year  experience  Mr.  Rimell  returned  to 
England,  and  after  proving  to  his  father's  satisfaction  that  he  could  make 
a  success  of  it  if  he  went  into  the  cattle  business  for  himself,  secured 
the  older  man's  financial  backing  and,  returning  to  Montana  in  1896, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         867 

purcliased  his  own  herds  and  operated  in  the  vicinity  of  Choteau  until 
1906  with  marked  success.  In  the  latter  year  his  wife's  health  failed, 
necessitating  a  change  to  a  less  vigorous  climate,  and  after  some  search 
Mr.  Rimell  decided  upon  locating  at  Riverside,  California,  moved  here, 
and  has  since  made  it  his  home. 

Soon  after  locating  at  Riverside  he  sold  his  Montana  interests  and 
turned  his  energies  to  orange  culture.  He  was  succeeding  beyond  his 
expectations  when,  in  1912,  together  with  other  growers  of  this  region, 
he  sulifered  heavy  financial  losses,  and  felt  that  he  could  not  afTord  to 
continue  in  a  line  of  business,  to  the  exclusion  of  everything  else,  which 
was  subject  to  such  periods  of  depression.  Therefore  he  began  handling 
real  estate,  having  already  had  considerable  experience  in  this  line  through 
his  successful  colonization  of  10,000  acres  of  land  on  the  Great  Northern 
Railroad  in  Montana  for  Eastern  capitalists.  The  colonists  were  Hol- 
landers, and  the  project  proved  satisfactory  to  all  parties  concerned. 
In  July,  1914,  the  Union  Oil  Company  opened  its  local  plant  at  Riverside, 
and  Mr.  Rimell  was  made  its  manager.  So  capable  did  he  prove  that 
within  six  months  this  company  appointed  him  special  agent  of  this 
territory,  which  position  he  has  since  held,  and  during  the  time  he  has 
been  occupied  with  these  duties  the  business  of  the  company  in  his  terri- 
tory has  increased  more  than  3,000  percent.  During  all  of  the  time  he 
has  resided  at  Riverside  Mr.  Rimell  has  given  some  attention  to  orange 
growing,  but  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  expansion  of  the  city  has  so 
increased  the  value  of  his  property  on  Cridge  Street  he  has  sub-divided 
a  portion  of  it  and  sold  it  for  residential  purposes,  but  still  retains  seven 
and  one-half  acres  at  575  Cridge  Street,  where  he  maintains  his  home. 

Since  coming  to  Riverside  Mr.  Rimell  has  been  very  active  in  all 
of  the  community  interests,  and  is  now  president  and  a  director  of  the 
Rotary  Club,  and  was  accredited  delegate  to  represent  it  at  the  Inter- 
national Convention  at  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  which  he  attended  in  June, 
1921.  He  is  a  member  and  stockholder  of  the  Victoria  Golf  Club,  and 
was  a  director  of  it  and  its  secretary  from  1911  to  1913.  As  a  director 
of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  a  member  of  the  Business  Men's  Asso- 
ciation and  the  Present  Day  Club  he  renders  an  efficient  service  in  a 
commercial  way.  He  is  a  member  of  Riverside  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  the  Modern  Woodmen  of  America. 
After  securing  his  papers  of  citizenship  he  espoused  the  cause  of  the 
republican  party,  and  has  continued  one  of  its  active  workers  ever  since. 
While  in  Montana  he  was  a  member  of  the  City  and  County  Central 
Committees,  and  since  coming  to  Riverside  has  been  a  member  of  the 
City  Central  Committee  for  one  term.  A  communicant  of  the  Episcopal 
Church,  he  is  very  active  in  All  Saints  parish,  serving  it  as  vestryman, 
and  is  vice  president  of  the  All  Saints  Men's  Club. 

On  April  26,  1899,  Mr.  Rimell  married  at  Choteau,  Montana,  Jennie 
McDonald,  a  native  of  Missouri,  and  a  daughter  of  Sterling  McDonald. 
The  latter  was  a  soldier  of  the  Union  Army  during  the  war  between  the 
states,  and  after  its  close  served  Scotland  County,  Alissouri,  for  many 
years  as  county  clerk.  Mrs.  Rimell's  health  was  greatly  improved  by  her 
change  of  residence,  and  she  was  spared  to  her  family  until  May,  1920, 
when  she  passed  away.  She  bore  her  husband  two  daughters,  namely: 
Ellen,  who  died  in  infancy ;  and  Elizabeth,  affectionately  known  as  Betty, 
who  is  a  student  in  the  National  Cathedral  School  at  Washington,  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  class  of  1923.  In  whatever  he  has  undertaken  Mr. 
Rimell  has  displayed  a  whole-hearted  interest  and  an  enthusiasm  which 
has  enabled  him  to  attain  to  an  unusual  success.     While  advancing  his 


868         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'ERSIDE  COUNTIES 

own  iiUercst.s,  however,  lie  has  never  forgoUeii  his  ohhgations  as  a  good 
citizen,  hut  has  contriljuled  freely  and  generously  of  his  time  and  means 
to  forwarding  those  projects  which  in  his  judgment  would  work  out  for 
the  good  of  the  majority.  His  wide  and  varied  experience  have  given 
him  a  broad  outlook  on  life,  and  ripened  his  judgment,  clarified  his  vision, 
and  enabled  him  to  weigh  carefully  and  concisely  the  merits  of  any  mat- 
ter. These  characteristics  are  recognized  and  appreciated  by  his  asso- 
ciates, who  are  glad  to  accord  to  him  a  leadership  he  is  so  capable  of  sus- 
taining, and  his  advice  is  sought  and  taken  on  numerous  occasions. 

Nelson  H.  Twogood,  who  has  become  one  of  the  successful  expon- 
ents of  the  citrus-fruit  industry  in  Riverside  County,  was  born  at 
Pecatonica,  Winnebago  County,  Illinois,  September  25,  1851,  a  son  of 
James  D.  and  Amanda  (Cable)  Twogood,  the  former  a  native  of  the 
State  of  New  York  and  the  lattter  of  Ohio,  the  lineage  of  both  tracing 
back  to  English  origin  and  the  respective  families  having  been  founded 
in  America  in  the  Colonial  days.  The  father  of  James  D.  Twogood 
became  a  pioneer  settler  in  Iowa,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his 
life.  James  D.  Twogood  continued  his  association  with  farm  enter- 
prise in  Illinois  until  1886,  when  he  came  to  Riverside  County,  Cali- 
fornia, where  he  developed  a  tine  orange  grove  of  thirty-two  acres  at 
Highgrove,  besides  becoming  the  owner  of  200  acres  of  land  in  Ferris 
Valley,  this  county.  His  home  at  Riverside  was  at  the  corner  of  Orange 
Grove  Avenue  and  Fourteenth  Street,  and  he  was  one  of  the  honored 
and  influential  citizens  of  the  county  at  the  time  of  his  death,  in  July, 
1895.     His  widow  passed  away  in  1905. 

Nelson  H.  Twogood  was  reared  and  educated  in  Illinois,  and  as  a 
young  man  became  a  successful  teacher  in  the  rural  schools.  He  con- 
tinued his  connection  with  farm  enterprise  in  that  state  until  1883,  when 
he  took  up  a  homestead  of  Government  land  in  what  is  now  the  State 
of  South  Dakota.  He  improved  this  property  and  continued  as  a  pro- 
gressive farmer  in  South  Dakota  until  1901,  when  he  came  to  Riverside 
County,  California,  where  he  has  since  given  his  attention  to  the  pro- 
duction of  citrus  fruit,  his  homestead  place  of  thirty-nine  acres  at  River- 
side being  devoted  to  oranges,  .and  his  place  of  thirty  acres  in  Ferris 
valley  being  devoted  to  dry  farming.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
the  Highgrove  Sugarloaf  Fruit  Association,  but  Later  severed  his  con- 
nection with  the  same.  He  is  now  a  director  and  the  .secretary  of  the 
Sierra  Vista  Fruit  Association,  and  was  formerly  a  director  of  the  bank 
at  Highgrove.  He  takes  deep  and  loyal  interest  in  community  affairs, 
is  a  republican  in  politics  and  for  several  years  has  been  president  of  the 
Highgrove  Board  of  Education.  He  is  an  active  member  of  the  High- 
grove Chamber  of  Commerce  and  of  the  Riverside  Farm  Bureau.  He 
and  his  wife  are  zealous  members  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at 
Highgrove,  both  being  teachers  in  its  Sunday  School,  besides  which  he 
is  serving  as  a  trustee  of  the  church,  while  Mrs.  Twogood  is  secretary 
of  its  Home  Missionary  Society. 

January  1,  1880,  recorded  the  marriage,  at  Andover,  Ohio,  of  Mr. 
Twogood  with  Miss  Mary  H.  Wight,  who  was  born  and  reared  in 
that  state,  a  daughter  of  Benjamin  P.  Wight,  a  representative  of  the 
English  family  that  resided  on  and  gave  title  to  the  Isle  of  Wight,  whence 
came  the  first  American  representatives,  who  settled  at  Dedham,  Massa- 
chusetts, long  prior  to  the  Revolution.  Mrs.  Twogood  is  chairman  of 
the  woman's  department  of  the  local  Farm  Bureau  and  is  popular  in 
the  representative  social  activities  of  her  home  community.  In  con- 
clusion is  given  brief  record  concerning  the  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs 
Twogood : 


(^.££i.^^W,<Jic>iT^^^i^ 


jhi  cui^   TiA  ■  d  ux-v 


^f-D-rcL 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        869 

Blanch  Wight  Twogood,  the  eldest,  was  a  graduate  of  Mitchell  Uni- 
versity of  South  Dakota  and  became  the  wife  of  E.  Elmer  Haas,  of 
Highgrove,  She  was  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  Business  College  and 
taught  in  the  public  schools  of  South  Dakota  and  Riverside  County  prior 
to  her  marriage.  She  passed  away  October  16,  1916,  leaving  three  chil- 
dren, two  of  whom  are  now  living.  The  living  children  are  Lawrence 
Nelson  Haas  and  Edward  L.  Haas,  both  students  of  the  Yarba  Luida, 
(California)  school.  Olive  Haas  died  in  infancy.  Ernest,  born  in 
South  Dakota,  is  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  High  School  and  of  the 
University  of  California,  from  which  he  received  the  degree  of  Bachelor 
of  Science.  He  is  now  in  the  employ  of  the  General  Electric  Company 
at  Schenectady,  New  York.  He  married  Margaret  Reims,  and  they 
have  one  son,  Robert  Reims  Twogood.  Captain  Ralph  S.  Twogood 
received  from  the  University  of  California  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Science  and  is  now  employed  in  the  engineering  department  of  the  South- 
ern Pacific  Railroad.  He  married  Grace  Moore,  of  Berkeley,  California, 
who  likewise  is  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  California,  and  their 
two  children  are  Ruth  Mary  and  Ronald.  In  the  World  war  period 
Captain  Twogood  entered  the  nation's  service,  and  at  Camp  Lee,  Virginia. 
he  gained  his  commission  as  captain.  Thereafter  he  was  stationed  at 
Washington,  D.  C,  as  inspector  of  railway  equipment.  Archibald  J. 
Twogood  received  from  the  University  of  California  the  degrees  of 
Bachelor  of  Science  and  Electrical  Engineer,  and  he  is  now  in  charge 
of  the  electrical  engineering  department  of  the  Oregon  Institute  of 
Technology  that  is  maintained  under  the  auspices  of  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association.  He  married  Dorothy  Pierce,  of  Berkeley,  this 
state,  and  their  two  daughters  are  Shireen  and  Margaret.  Ruth  Laura, 
youngest  of  the  children  and  the  light  and  life  of  the  parental  home, 
passed  to  the  life  eternal  September  9,  1903,  at  the  age  of  nine  years. 

David  C.  Bo\'T),  one  of  the  pioneer  orange  growers  of  Riverside, 
belongs  to  a  family  of  three  brothers,  all  of  whom  attained  to  distinction, 
although  each  one  followed  out  his  own  bent  in  the  choice  of  a  calling. 
One  of  the  brothers  was  a  talented  musician  ;  another  had  great  inventive 
genius  and  followed  that  lure  in  connection  with  patent  attorney  work : 
but  David  C.  Boyd  loved  the  soil  and  has  found  both  pleasure  and  profit 
in  its  cultivation.  Although  over  seventy  years  of  age,  he  is  hale  and 
hearty,  and  still  delights  in  following  the  furrow  of  the  plow.  He  is 
very  much  of  an  authority  on  orange  culture,  and  has  one  of  the  finest 
groves  in  Southern  California,  comprising  eighteen  and  one-half  acres. 
While  others  were  diverted  from  citrus  culture,  he  has  continued  faith- 
ful to  his  oranges,  and  they  have  paid  him  well  for  his  care.  In  their 
declining  years  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Boyd  have  a  most  cheerful  home,  which 
is  cared  for  by  their  charming  daughters.  His  has  been  a  well-spent 
life,  full  of  action  and  well  worth  living. 

The  birth  of  David  C.  Boyd  occurred  at  Bethany,  Butler  County, 
Ohio.  July  22,  1850.  He  is  the  youngest  and  only  survivor  of  three 
children,  namely  :  W.  S.,  a  patent  attorney,  formerly  of  Washington,  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  but  now  deceased,  was  the  inventor  and  patentee  of 
many  useful  articles  which  were  in  common  use ;  and  Squire  Brown 
Boyd,  a  natural-born  musician  who  found  his  pleasure,  as  well  as  Hving, 
in  harmony  He  was  a  young  man  of  magnetic  personality,  made  friends 
with  all  who  came  into  contact  with  him,  and  was  also  a  salesman  of  rare 
talent.  He  drove  out  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  with  the  first  wagon  equipped 
with  an  organ,  and  demonstrated  by  means  of  his  superior  playing  on 
it  and  his  singing  the  importance  of  having  a  musical  instrument  in  the 


870        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

home.  He  devoted  much  of  his  life  work  to  mastering  the  violin  and 
brass  instruments,  playing  all  at  different  times  in  concerts.  The  life 
of  this  brilliant,  lovable  young  man  was  terminated  by  death  when  he 
was  in  the  very  flower  of  his  young  manhood,  at  the  early  age  of  twenty- 
seven  years.  Nearly  half  a  century  has  passed  since  finis  was  written  in 
his  life  volume,  but  ihe  memory  of  this  rare  nature  remains  as  fresh 
with  his  devoted  brother  as  though  it  had  happened  but  yesterday. 

The  father  of  these  three  brothers  was  William  H.  Boyd,  who  was 
a  son  of  John  Boyd  and  a  native  of  Ohio  and  by  trade  a  cooper.  Wil- 
liam H.  Boyd  married  Harriet  Crane,  also  a  native  of  Ohio,  who  died 
in  California,  July  5,  1896,  at  the  age  of  seventy-two  years.  Her  father, 
Stephen  Crane,  a  farmer  of  large  landed  interests,  gave  to  each  of  his 
children  sufficient  land  to  make  a  farm.  After  the  death  of  her  first 
husband  Mrs.  Boyd  married  his  brother,  and  David  C.  Boyd  remained 
with  his  mother  and  step-father  until  he  was  ready  to  start  out  in  life 
for  himself,  at  which  time  he  bought  a  farm,  and  upon  it  raised  stock 
and  general  farm  products,  and  at  the  same  time  maintained  a  superin- 
tendence of  his  mother's  farm. 

His  aunt,  Mrs.  Eliza  Sarber,  came  to  California  in  1882  and  settled 
at  Riverside,  and  her  reports  of  the  region  were  so  favorable  that  Mr. 
Boyd,  through  her,  purchased  nine  and  a  quarter  acres  of  land  at  River- 
side, which  he  still  owns,  and  to  which  he  has  added  since  he  arrived 
in  this  city.  He  made  several  trips  of  inspection  to  California,  and  then, 
as  soon  as  he  could  dispose  of  his  Eastern  interests,  he  took  up  his  resi- 
dence here.  Mrs.  Boyd  still  owns  forty  acres  of  land  in  Butler  County, 
Ohio,  but  no  Eastern  interests  have  been  permitted  to  interfere  with  the 
development  of  the  California  property.  When  Mr.  Boyd  picked  his  first 
crop  of  oranges,  which  were  navels,  the  entire  product  could  have  been 
shipped  in  two  boxes.  He  now  picks  more  than  twelve  carloads  from 
the  same  grove.  Generally  speaking,  this  grove  is  of  navels,  although 
he  has  a  few  seedlings  and  a  few  valencias. 

At  one  time  Mr.  Boyd  was  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Farm  Bureau, 
but  no  longer  maintains  that  connection,  although  he  does  belong  to  the 
Riverside  Heights  Orange  Growers  Association.  In  politics  he  is  an 
independent,  but  has  taken  but  little  part  in  public  matters  since  coming 
to  California,  although  in  the  East  he  was  an  interested  worker,  especially 
during  the  campaign  of  James  G.  Blaine  for  the  presidency. 

On  April  2,  1887,  Mr.  Boyd  married  in  Butler  County,  Ohio,  Miss 
Lizzie  Magie,  a  native  of  that  state,  and  a  member  of  an  old  American 
family  of  Pennsylvania-Dutch  descent.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Boyd  are  the 
parents  of  three  children,  namely  :  Shirley  B.,  who  is  an  orange  grower, 
living  at  179  Riverside  Avenue,  Riverside,  who  married,  April  19,  1919, 
Miss  Helen  Hazel  Smith,  a  native  of  Wisconsin,  and  a  daughter  of 
Edwin  R.  Smith,  one  of  the  esteemed  retired  residents  of  Riverside ; 
Mary  Alice,  who  was  born  in  Ohio,  was  graduated  from  the  Riverside 
High  School,  and  is  now  living  with  her  parents ;  and  Harriet  Mildred, 
who  was  born  in  California,  was  also  graduated  from  the  Riverside 
High  School,  and  is  now  a  student  in  the  University  of  California, 
Southern  Branch. 

Mr.  Boyd  is  a  delightful  gentleman  to  meet,  genial  and  courteous, 
and  glad  to  relate  entertaining  reminiscences  of  the  earlier  days  at  River- 
side and  in  the  orange  growing  industry.  He  is  enthusiastic  about  the 
city  and  state,  and  feels  that  only  a  beginning  has  been  made  in  orange 
growing,  .so  great  does  he  believe  the  possibilities  to  be.  Fully  realizing 
the  dignity  and  importance  of  the  closely  allied  callings  of  agriculture  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        871 

horticulture,  both  of  which  have  had  in  him  an  earnest  and  efficient  sup- 
porter, he  is  anxious  to  enlist  in  them  the  younger  men  of  the  country, 
and  feels  that  thisi  can  be  accomplished  through  a  campaign  of  education 
which  will  teach  the  desirability  of  entering  an  occupation  which  not 
only  makes  excellent  returns  for  all  investments  of  time  and  money,  but 
also  bestows  good  health  and  gives  an  independence  none  other  can.  His 
own  example  proves  the  truth  of  his  many  arguments  in  favor  of  his 
beloved  work,  and  his  enthusiasm  is  an  inspiration.  He  is  one  of  the 
best  types  of  the  successful  citrus  growers  of  the  Southwest,  and  to  him 
and  his  associates  is  due  in  large  part  the  credit  for  the  remarkable  de- 
velopment of  this  great  region,  and  the  advent  in  it  of  a  fine  class  of 
citizens,  who,  coming  here  from  more  Eastern  homes,  appreciate  the  ad- 
vantages of  climate  and  location,  and  exert  themselves  to  become  partici- 
pators in  its  many  opportunities. 

Frank  W.  Parsons — The  energy,  the  enthusiasm,  the  steadfast  per- 
sistence that  Frank  W.  Parsons,  owner  of  the  garage  that  bears  his  name 
at  Riverside,  throws  into  his  business  not  only  are  characteristic  of  the 
man,  but  would  bring  him  success  in  any  line  he  might  enter.  In  the 
garage  business,  however,  he  has  the  work  he  likes,  and  in  it  he  has 
made  a  name  for  himself  for  reliability  and  excellence  of  work.  He  was 
born  at  Mount  Victory,  Ohio,  November  22,  1860,  a  son  of  Watson  and 
Mary  Ann  Eliza  (Chamberlayne)  Parsons.  Watson  Parsons  was  a 
native  of  New  York  State,  and  his  family  was  of  Revolutionary  stock 
and  English  descent.  During  the  war  between  the  states  he  enlisted  in 
the  Buell  Division  of  Light  Artillery,  of  which  Gen.  John  C.  Fremont 
was  the  commander.  For  two  and  one-half  years  he  was  in  the  service 
up  and  down  the  banks  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and  died  at  Keokuk, 
Iowa,  from  the  effects  of  the  hardships  he  endured  in  the  army.  He  was 
buried  with  honors  in  the  soldiers'  cemetary  at  Keokuk.  His  wife  also 
belonged  to  an  old  American  family  that  orginated  in  this  country  in  the 
persons  of  four  brothers  of  the  name  of  Chamberlin,  who  came  here 
from  England.  After  their  arrival  they  agreed  to  change  the  spelling 
of  their  name  from  the  old  method  to  that  of  Chamberlayne,  which  is 
still  used.  The  grandfathers  of  Frank  W.  Parsons  on  both  sides  were 
ministers  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  members  of  the 
General  Conference  of  Western   New   York   during  their   active  years. 

Frank  W.  Parsons  attended  the  public  schools  and  the  Lima  Seminary 
of  Lima,  New  York.  Entering  the  employ  of  the  Delaware  &  Hudson 
Railroad  as  a  telegrapher,  he  remained  with  that  road  for  thirty-two 
years,  rising  to  be  a  fireman,  and  then,  in  1881,  to  be  locomotive  engineer, 
his  run  being  principally  between  Binghamton  and  Albany,  Ne^v  York- 
He  resigned  in  1906,  and  early  in  the  following  year  came  West  to 
California  and  located  at  Riverside. 

Having  decided  to  enter  a  new  field,  he  built  the  Central  Garage, 
ran  it  for  three  years,  and  then  sold  it.  Erecting  the  old  Mission  Garage 
on  Main  Street,  he  conducted  it  for  six  years.  In  1915  he  put  up  the 
Parsons  Garage  on  Fifth  and  Main  streets,  one  of  the  most  modern  in 
the  city,  covering  a  large  floor  space  and  thoroughly  equipped  to  handle 
all  work  in  this  line.  His  wife  is  his  business  partner.  In  addition  to 
his  garage  interests  Mr.  Parsons  owns  fourteen  acres  of  fine  Valencia 
orange  trees  in  the  Bullis  subdivision  in  San  Bernardino  County  under 
the  Vista  Grande  Water  Company. 

On  September  26,  1883,  he  married  at  Binghamton,  New  York,  Miss 
Cora  Millet,  a  native  of  Malone,  New  York.     Her  father  was  engaged 


872        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

for  years  in  the  manufacture  of  stoves  at  Montreal,  Canada.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Parsons  are  members  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  He 
belongs  to  Evergreen  Lodge,  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons ;  to  the 
Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers;  the  Auto  Dealers  Association,  of 
which  he  is  president ;  and  to  the  Present  Day  Club  and  the  Business 
Men's  Association.  While  he  has  always  been  a  democrat,  he  has  con- 
fined his  participation  in  politics  to  the  exercising  of  his  right  of  suffrage. 
Mr.  Parsons  is  a  man  to  whom  home,  friends,  the  public  weal,  good 
government,  the  larger  interests  of  humanity,  education,  charity,  morality 
and  religion,  all  find  a  generous  welcome  in  his  heart  and  life.  He  is  by 
nature  a  friendly  man.  a  man  who  makes  friends,  who  holds  them,  is 
loyal  to  them  at  whatever  cost.  His  is  a  genial  personality,  whole-souled, 
generous  to  a  fault.  His  friendships  are  marked  by  no  boundaries  of  party 
or  creed.  He  honors  manhood,  fidelity,  courage,  high  principle,  and 
when  he  finds  men  to  his  liking  he  gives  them  his  confidence,  his  aflfection, 
his  steadfast  loyalty. 

D.^VTD  Charles  Strong,  M.  D.,  surgeon  and  physician  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, has  established  a  practice  that  is  in  itself  a  just  tribute  to  his 
professional  skill.  When  he  was  graduated  he  did  not  consider  his 
medical  education  was  completed,  and  by  means  of  hospital  experience 
he  added  much  to  his  already  thorough  knowledge  of  surgery  and 
medicine.  To  these  he  by  practical  experience  in  all  branches  of  his 
profession  has  added  a  masterly  understanding  of  each. 

Dr.  Strong  is  thoroughly  imbued  with  the  progressive  spirit  of  these 
times  and  he  neglects  no  opportunity  for  research  and  improvement,  and 
he  keeps  thoroughly  posted  in  all  new  methods  and  in  discoveries  in  sur- 
gery and  the  science  and  treatment  of  disease. 

In  surgical  cases  he  takes  a  very  special  interest,  and  he  has  per- 
formed many  exceedingly  delicate  and  difiicult  operations,  in  fact  he  is 
the  born,  not  made,  surgeon,  with  the  keen  eye  that  seems  to  see  unerr- 
ingly into  the  heart  of  things,  the  insight  and  delicate  discernment  which, 
combined  with  his  sure  knowledge,  makes  him  a  surgeon  second  to  few 
in   his  chosen  sphere. 

Dr.  Strong  was  born  in  Paxton.  Illinois,  the  son  of  Robert  and  Mar- 
tha (Miller)  Strong,  his  father  being  a  farmer  and  a  pioneer  of  that 
state.  His  mother  was  a  native  of  Indiana.  Both  died  in  Illinois. 
Dr.  Strong  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Paxton,  Illinois,  and 
from  them  went  to  the  Rice  Collegiate  Institute  of  the  same  city, 
from  whence  he  was  graduated  in  1898.  He  then  studied  medicine  in 
the  Medical  Department  of  the  LTniversity  of  Illinois,  graduating  in 
1902.  He  took  up  the  duties  of  house  surgeon  in  the  Wichita  Hospital 
of  Wichita,  Kansas,   remaining  there   for  a  year  and  a  half. 

Dr.  Strong  came  to  California  in  1903,  locating  first  in  Redlands, 
where  he  practiced  for  two  years,  in  November,  1905.  removing  to  San 
Bernardino,  where  he  has  been  in  constant  practice  since.  He  special- 
izes in  surgery  and  is  the  owner  of  the  .Sequoia  Hospital,  located  on  the 
corner  of  Fifth  and  D  streets.  It  is  an  up  to  date,  thoroughly  modern, 
well  equipped  hospital,   containing  twenty-five  beds. 

As  superintendent  of  the  County  Hospital  from  1905  to  1911,  he  made 
such  a  record  one  would  have  to  think  long  to  name  one  who  has  done 
more  valuable   work  in  that   position. 

Dr.  Strong  first  married  in  Chicago,  Illinois,  December  25,  1901,  to 
Miss  Mary  Alice  Glenn,  a  native  of  Chicago  and  a  daughter  of  \\'.  T. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        873 

Glenn,  a  business  man  of  that  city  who  served  in  the  Union  army  dur- 
ing the  Civil  war  as  captain  of  an  Indiana  Company.  He  was  of  old 
American  stock  of  English  descent.  Mrs.  Strong  passed  away  in  1910. 
They  had  one  child,  Robert  Glenn  Strong,  a  student  of  the  California 
State  University,  Class  of   1925. 

Dr.  Strong  contracted  a  second  marriage  in  1916,  with  Alice  Bixby, 
a  daughter  of  Charles  Bixby,  of  Pasadena.  Dr.  Strong  is  a  Fellow  of 
the  American  College  of  Surgeons  and  a  member  of  the  California  State 
Medical  Association,  the  American  Medical  Association  and  the  San 
Bernardino  County  Medical  Association.  Fraternally  he  is  affiliated 
with  the  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order 
of  Elks;  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Keystone 
Chapter  No.  56,  R.  A.  M.,  and  San  Bernardino  Commandery,  Knights 
Templar.  Politically  he  gives  his  allegiance  to  the  republican  party. 
In  religious  faith  he  is  a  Presbyterian. 

Benjamin  W.  Handy  is  one  of  the  ])ioneers  of  Riverside,  having 
come  here  in  1876,  so  that  today  he  is  one  of  the  oldest  living  citizens,  and 
is  held  in  the  highest  respect  by  all  who  know  him.  He  has  been  identified 
principally  with  the  orange  culture  of  this  region.  His  efforts  have  not, 
however,  been  confined  to  the  material  things  of  this  world,  for  to  him 
belongs  in  large  measure  the  credit  for  the  organization  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  in  this  city.  In  1883  Frank  Culver,  of 
Pasadena,  came  to  Riverside  and  with  Mr.  Handy  and  a  group  of  earnest 
young  men  discussed  the  advisability  of  organizing  the  association  here. 
The  result  of  the  conference  was  the  establishment  of  the  organization 
of  which  Mr.  Handy  was  the  first  president.  Since  then  he  has  continued 
to  do  much  in  its  behalf,  and  has  continued  one  of  its  directorate  since 
its  establishment. 

Born  at  Marion,  Massachusetts,  August  12,  1853,  Benjamin  W.  Handy 
is  the  son  of  Capt.  Benjamin  B.  and  Bet.sy  C.  (Small)  Handy,  the  former 
a  native  of  Marion,  Massachusetts,  and  the  latter  of  Provincetown,  Massa- 
chusetts. Captain  Handy,  who  died  in  1898,  came  from  a  family  of 
Revolutionary  stock  and  French  descent.  He  was  a  son  of  Caleb  Handy, 
a  captain  of  militia  during  the  War  of  1812,  and  a  man  who  saw  active 
service  in  that  conflict.  Mrs.  Handy,  who  died  in  1901,  belonged  to  a 
family  of  French  descent,  which  was  established  in  this  country  during 
its  Colonial  epoch. 

Capt.  B.  B.  Handy  commanded  a  whaling  vessel  out  of  New  Bedford, 
Massachusetts,  and  before  he  was  twenty-one  years  old  had  a  new  ship 
built  for  him,  of  which  he  was  made  the  captain.  He  followed  the  sea 
with  gratifying  success  until  1869,  when  he  took  the  post  of  station  agent 
at  Marion  Massachusetts,  and  held  it  until  the  fall  of  1876,  in  which 
year  he  brought  his  family  to  Riverside.  After  his  arrival  here  he  pro- 
ceeded at  once  to  become  a  property  owner,  buying  fifteen  acres  of  land 
on  Broughton  Avenue,  five  acres  of  which  were  under  cultivation,  and  he 
planted  the  other  ten  with  orange  trees.  In  the  fall  of  1878  his  sterling 
character  received  proper  recognition  in  his  election  as  supervisor  of 
San  Bernardino  County,  and  he  sold  his  ranch  and  moved  into  town. 
When  the  City  of  Riverside  was  incorporated  he  was  elected  as  one  of  the 
first  of  the  city's  trustees,  and  he  lived  up  to  the  best  expectations  of  his 
constituents  in  both  offices,  to  which  he  was  elected  on  the  republican 
ticket. 

Captain  Handy  was  a  man  of  much  executive  ability,  and  was  one  of 
the  promoters  and  stockholders,  with  a  group  of  his  fellow  citizens,  to 
erect  the  first  pavilion  for  orange  shows,  which   initial  undertaking  has 


874        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

developed  into  such  an  important  feature  for  both  Riverside  and  San 
Bernardino  counties.  This  first  pavilion  was  later  destroyed  by  fire. 
He  was  one  of  a  company  of  six  who  bought  the  Mound  City  tract  and 
built  the  hotel  there,  now  known  as  the  Loma  Linda.  The  Masonic 
fraternity  had  in  him  a  zealous  member. 

Benjamin  W.  Handy  attended  the  public  schools  of  Marion,  Massachu- 
setts, and  went  to  sea  with  his  father  on  his  last  two  voyages,  coming  home 
a  harpooner.  During  these  trips  he  had  a  wonderful  experience  he  has 
never  forgotten,  and  during  them  visited  the  Azore  Islands,  the  coast  of 
Africa,  the  West  Indies,  the  Bermudas,  and  other  places.  During  those 
days  before  the  introduction  of  kerosene,  whaling  was  a  most  remunerative 
occupation,  but  with  the  discovery  of  the  various  uses  to  which  the  coal 
oil  could  be  put,  and  the  fact  that  it  could  be  produced  so  much  more 
cheaply,  the  demand  for  whale  oil  fell  off  very  materially,  although 
there  will  always  be  a  sale  for  the  products  from  this  great  mammal. 

The  Handy  family  made  the  trip  to  California  by  steamer  and  the 
Isthmus  of  Panama  and  Aspinwall,  and  after  their  arrival  at  Riverside 
Benjamin  W.  Handy  assisted  his  father  in  his  orange  growing  business 
until  1882,  when  he  secured  property  in  his  own  name  on  Broughton 
Avenue.  He  later  sold  that  property  and  bought  another  near  Little 
Rubidoux  Mountain,  and  continued  in  the  orange  industry  for  thirty  years, 
shipping  through  Riverside  Heights  Association  Number  10.  About  1912 
he  sold  his  interests  and  since  then  has  lived  in  comfortable  retirement. 
He  has  always  voted  the  republican  ticket,  but  aside  from  serving  as 
the  first  probation  officer  Riverside  ever  elected  he  has  not  come  before  the 
public  for  political  honors. 

When  Mr.  Handy  first  arrived  at  Riverside  it  was  but  a  small  com- 
munity, and  he  has  had  the  privilege  of  witnessing  its  remarkable  growth, 
and  during  that  period  has  been  a  consistent  and  constructive  booster 
for  everything  he  honestly  believed  would  be  beneficial  to  the  city  and 
its  people,  and  has  eagerly  supported  what  would  secure  its  welfare. 

For  many  years  he  has  been  an  honored  member  of  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church  of  Riverside,  and  has  served  as  one  of  its  doacons. 
Both  he  and  his  sister.  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Handy,  have  been  active  in  the 
work  of  this  church.  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Handy  was  a  professional  nurse 
for  seven  or  eight  years  in  Los  Angeles.  She  was  called  home  by  the 
illness  of  her  mother,  and  remained  with  her  until  the  latter's  death. 
Since  that  time  she  and  Mr.  Handy  have  been  living  at  the  old  home 
place.  Mr.  Handy  has  never  married.  Another  sister,  Mrs.  Thomas 
Stephenson,  passed  away  in  1919,  and  one  brother,  John  Handy,  died 
two  years  after  the  family  located  in  the  city.  A  third  sister  is  Mrs. 
George  D.  Cunningham,  reference  to  whom  is  made  elsewhere  in  this 
volume. 

Mr.  Handy's  influence  in  his  community  has  always  been  of  the 
highest  character.  In  his  business  life  he  has  carried  out  his  religious 
creed,  and  always  has  taken  great  interest  in  the  welfare  of  the  young 
men  of  the  city,  not  only  through  the  usual  channels  of  the  Association, 
but  has  evinced  a  personal  care  for  them,  and  many  have  received  assistance 
from  him  at  a  critical  period  in  their  career.  While  he  no  longer  takes 
an  active  part  in  the  strenuous  life  of  Riverside,  he  is  still  regarded  as 
one  of  the  important  factors  in  the  welfare  work  of  the  city,  and  his 
advice  is  sought  and  taken  on  many  subjects. 

William  M.  Huls — While  his  early  life  back  in  his  native  state  of 
Ohio  included  service  as  a  teacher  and  railroad  man,  William  M.  Huls 
since  coming  to  San  Bernardino  has  had  his  time  and  energies  fully  taken 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        875 

up  with  his  printing  business,  which  he  established  here  on  a  small  scale 
and  has  developed  into  one  of  the  best  commercial  printing  shops  in  the 
two  counties. 

Mr.  Huls  was  born  at  Logan,  Ohio,  May  24,  1873,  son  of  William 
H.  and  Elizabeth  R.  (Weltner)  Huls,  both  natives  of  Ohio  and  of 
Pennsylvania  Dutch  ancestry.  The  parents  are  now  deceased.  William 
H.  Huls  entered  the  Union  Army  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  war,  in 
Company  H  of  the  58th  Ohio  Infantry,  served  four  years,  going  in  as 
a  first  lieutenant  and  coming  out  as  a  captain  of  his  company.  He  was 
in  many  battles,  including  the  great  engagement  at  Shiloh.  After  the 
war  he  followed  the  business  of  contractor  and  builder,  and  was  a  man 
of  prominence  in  his  home  community  of  Rockbridge,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education. 

William  M.  Huls  acquired  a  public  school  education  in  Ohio,  and  for 
four  terms  taught  in  the  district  schools  of  Rockbridge.  The  next  ten 
years  he  devoted  to  railroad  work  as  operator  and  ticket  agent  at  Cheshire, 
Ohio,  for  the  Hocking  Valley  Railroad.  He  then  joined  his  brother, 
A.  E.  Huls.  at  Logan,  owner  of  a  newspaper  and  printing  plant  there, 
and  under  his  brother  learned  the  printer's  trade  and  remained  associated 
with  the  business  five  years.  Mr.  Huls  in  the  meantime  had  determined 
that  the  best  energies  of  his  life  should  be  expended  in  Southern  Cali- 
fornia, and  when  he  came  to  the  state  he  brought  his  wife  and  two 
children,  leaving  them  at  Los  Angeles  while  he  looked  over  the  country 
for  a  suitable  location.  San  Bernardino  ofifered  the  most  attractions,  and 
here  he  established  a  job  printing  plant.  He  has  continued  the  business 
without  interruption,  and  now  has  what  is  regarded  as  the  best  equipped 
one-man  shop  in  the  two  counties.  It  is  fitted  with  automatic  presses 
and  all  the  facilities  for  a  general  commercial  job  printing  business,  and 
is  operated  on  a  capacity  schedule. 

Mr.  Huls  is  a  member  of  Typographical  Union  No.  84  of  San  Bernar- 
dino, and  is  also  president  of  the  Orange  Belt  Employing  Printers  Asso- 
ciation, embracing  all  the  printers  in  San  Bernardino  and  Riverside 
counties.  This  is  an  organization  for  mutual  good  and  interchange  of 
information  afifecting  the  welfare  of  the  printing  trade.  Mr.  Huls  is 
affiliated  with  the  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles,  and  has  always  cast  his 
vote  as  a  republican. 

At  Lancaster,  Ohio,  May  24,  1898,  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  L: 
Deeds,  who  was  born  in  Ohio,  daughter  of  William  J.  and  Sarah  Ann 
Deeds.  Her  father  was  a  merchant.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Huls  have  two 
children.  Trenton  D..  who  graduated  from  the  San  Bernardino  High 
School  in  1919,  was  during  the  World  war  in  the  service  of  the  navy  at 
San  Pedro  and  is  now  studying  for  the  profession  of  dentistry  at  Los 
Angeles.  The  daughter.  Nellie  Marie  Huls,  is  a  member  of  the  class  of 
1922  at  the  San  Bernardino  High  School.  She  is  unusually  gifted  in 
music  and  is  studying  with  the  purpose  of  following  a  musical  career. 

Lewis  C.  Hunsaker  was  a  man  whose  sterling  attributes  of  character 
gained  to  him  a  wide  circle  of  friends  in  Riverside  County,  where  he 
established  the  family  home  in  1902.  at  Riverside,  and  where  he  lived 
virtually  retired  until  his  death  in  1909. 

Mr.  Hunsaker  was  born  in  Adams  County,  Wisconsin,  June  29.  1840, 
his  father,  Abraham  Hunsaker,  gained  pioneer  honors  in  both  Iowa  and 
Wisconsin,  in  which  latter  state  he  conducted  farming  the  remainder  of 
his  life,  his  death  occurring  in  Kentucky  while  on  a  visit  to  his  daughter. 
He  was  of  a  representative  family  that  was  founded  in  America  prior  to 


876        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  War  of  the  Revolution,  and  his  wife,  whose  maiden  name  was  Mary 
Dodd,  was  of  remote  English  ancestry. 

Lewis  C.  Hunsaker  received  the  advantages  of  the  common  schools 
of  Wisconsin,  and  his  entire  active  career  was  marked  by  close  and 
successful  association  with  farm  industry.  He  continued  his  residence 
in  Wisconsin  until  1865,  when  he  removed  to  Iowa.  He  continued  as 
one  of  the  representative  farmers  of  the  Hawkeye  State  until  1902,  when 
he  came  with  his  wife  to  Riverside,  California,  where  he  lived  virtually 
retired  until  his  death.  His  f>rst  marriage  occurred  in  the  early  '60s, 
and  his  first  wife  was  survived  by  two  children,  Frank,  who  was  a 
successful  merchant  in  Iowa  at  the  time  of  his  death,  and  Viola,  who  is 
the  wife  of  John  Perry,  a  farmer  near  Chadron,  Nebraska. 

On  the  9th  of  December,  1872,  was  solemnized  the  marriage  of  Mr. 
Hunsaker  and  Miss  Ella  Cone,  who  was  born  in  Linn  County,  Iowa,  and 
who  knew  no  other  other  father  than  her  stepfather,  A.  B.  Mason,  of 
whom  more  definite  mention  is  made  on  other  pages  of  this  work,  in 
the  personal  sketch  of  his  son,  M.  S.  Mason.  Another  son,  D.  B.  Ma.son, 
was  one  of  the  prominent  and  honored  citizens  of  Riverside  at  the  time 
of  his  death.  Mrs.  Hunsaker  received  excellent  educational  advantages 
and  had  been  a  successful  school  teacher  in  Iowa  prior  to  her  marriage, 
her  active  interest  in  and  as.sociation  with  educational  work  having  con- 
tinued many  years.  Both  she  and  her  daughter  are  zealous  members  of 
the  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Riverside  and  are  teachers 
in  its  Sunday  School.  While  still  residing  in  Iowa  Mrs.  Hunsaker  was 
specially  active  in  church  work,  and  served  both  as  secretary  of  its  Home 
Missionary  Society  and  as  president  of  its  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 
She  resides  at  329  Beverly  Court,  Riverside,  and  is  popular  in  the 
representative  social  activities  of  the  community.  Mrs.  Hunsaker 
has  four  children  and  seven  grandchildren.  Charles  Hunsaker,  the 
eldest,  is  proprietor  of  a  well  equipped  grocery  store  on  Brocton 
Avenue,  Riverside.  He  married  Alice  Fable,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania. 
Burton  C.  Hunsaker  is  the  employ  of  the  Pacific  Balloon  Works  at 
Riverside.  Bertha  is  the  wife  of  George  E.  Palmer,  who  is  employed  by 
the  California  Iron  Works  of  Riverside,  and  they  have  two  children, 
Ruth  and  Ernest.  Walter  Scott  Hunsaker,  who  is  now  a  progressive 
and  successful  farmer  in  the  State  of  Arizona,  married  Miss  Ethel  Perry, 
of  Iowa,  and  they  have  five  children :  Helen  and  Walter,  who  were 
born  in  Iowa;  Perry,  who  was  born  at  Riverside.  California;  Robert 
Harold,  who  was  born  in  Arizona ;  and  Harold,  an  infant,  who  is  a 
native  of  Riverside. 

Myron  S.  Mason,  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  lived  the  strenuous  life 
of  an  Iowa  and  Minnesota  farmer.  During  a  brief  interlude  in  his 
responsibilities  he  paid  a  visit  to  California,  and  that  visit  became  a 
permanent  association  with  the  Riverside  community.  He  is  one  of 
many  original  Iowa  men  who  make  up  the  progressive  element  in  the 
town  and  country,  and  has  been  a  successful  orange  grower  here  for 
many  years. 

Mr.  Mason  was  born  in  Iowa  March  15,  1853.  He  is  a  de.scendant 
of  Sir  Tohn  Mason,  privy  counsellor  of  England  in  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. The  family  record  reads  that  two  brothers.  Sir  Hugh  Mason  and 
John  Mason,  came  to  America  in  early  Colonial  days  and  identified 
themselves  with  the  colonv  of  Massachusetts.  Both  were  old  Indian 
fiehters.  Myron  Mason  is  a  descendant  of  the  faniilv  of  Sir  Hugh. 
His  father.  A.  B.  Mason,  was  born  at  Spencer,  Massachusetts,  in  1801. 
In  early  life  he  moved  west  to  Illinois  and  later  to  Iowa,  locating  close 


1^ 

^^^■HI||^^^^H 

s^ 

^^^^^^^^^^^IHh^^^h 

SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        877 

to  the  town  of  Marion,  where  his  sgn,  Myron,  was  born.  He  was  a 
farmer,  contractor  and  builder,  and  his  business  and  personal  character 
made  him  prominent  in  the  community.  He  was  always  called  Squire 
Mason,  having  served  as  justice  of  the  peace  of  Toledo,  Iowa.  He  died 
in  1862.  His  wife  was  Harriet  Green,  a  native  of  New  York  State  and 
also  of  English  ancestry. 

Myron  S.  Mason  was  well  educated,  attending  the  public  schools  of 
Toledo,  Iowa,  and  also  Grinnell  College.  From  farm  worker  he  began 
the  operation  of  a  farm  in  Iowa,  but  in  1884  removed  to  Rock  County, 
in  the  southwestern  part  of  Minnesota,  where  he  bought  a  tract  of 
unimproved  land.  His  labors  there  over  a  period  of  years  developed 
a  productive  farm,  and  as  one  of  the  pioneers  he  was  otherwise  prom- 
inent in  that  district.  He  continued  his  farming  in  that  county  until 
1894,  and  did  not  sell  his  land  there  mitil  1919. 

His  brother,  Dwight  B.  Mason,  had  been  a  resident  of  Riverside 
since  1886.  Myron  Mason  paid  this  brother  a  visit  in  1899.  Imme- 
diately he  was  transformed  into  an  enthusiastic  Californian,  and  as  a 
preliminary  to  establishing  his  permanent  home  here  purchased  ten  acres 
of  unimproved  land  on  La  Cadena  Drive.  This  land  he  has  graded, 
and  he  personally  planted  every  tree  and  shrub  and  built  the  house  at 
381  La  Cadena,  which  he  has  occupied  for  the  past  twenty  years.  He 
has  brought  his  grove  into  a  high  state  of  bearing,  and  the  entire  tract 
is  one  of  the  beautiful  and  sightly  places  in  that  portion  of  the  city. 
Ever  since  the  trees  came  into  bearing  he  has  been  shipping  the  fruit 
through  Riverside  Heights  Packing  House  No.  10.  During  his  resi- 
dence in  Minnesota  Mr.  Mason  served  for  some  time  as  secretary  of 
the  School  Board.  He  has  never  been  in  politics,  though  interested  in 
the  election  of  republican  candidates. 

In  1891  he  married  Miss  Alvira  Irish,  a  native  of  Iowa.  She  died 
on  the  old  farm  in  Minnesota.  Mrs.  Ma.son  possessed  much  literary 
ability,  was  devoted  to  church  and  home,  and  frequently  wrote  for 
religious  papers.  December  16,  1908,  at  Tecumseh,  Nebraska,  Mr.  Ma- 
son married  Miss  Laura  E.  Ma.son,  a  second  cousin.  She  was  born  at 
Fairbury,  Illinois,  of  the  same  early  ancestry  as  her  husband.  Her 
father,  Otis  S.  Mason,  was  a  native  of  New  York  State  and  served  in 
the  129th  Illinois  Regiment  of  Infantry  during  the  Civil  war.  Mrs. 
Mason  has  long  been  identified  with  the  work  of  the  Methodist  Church, 
and  has  served  as  an  officer  in  the  Daughters  of  the  Rebekah.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Mason  have  no  children,  but  have  taken  a  niece,  Miss  Gwendolyn 
Virginia  Ma.son,  as  their  own.  She  is  now  a  student  in  the  Riverside 
schools. 

Mary  Elizabeth  (Knox)  Rouse — One  of  the  most  distinctive 
features  of  the  twentieth  century  has  been  the  opening  of  almost  all  doors 
to  women,  which  once  were  closed  in  their  faces,  so  that  today  the  sex 
is  well  represented  in  practically  every  profession  and  line  of  business. 
This  advance  was  not  secured  easily,  for  many  were  prejudiced  against 
a  woman  in  any  kind  of  work  outside  the  home  or  the  schoolroom,  but 
once  the  opening  wedge  was  entered  it  was  not  long  until  the  forceful 
women  who  were  aggressive  enough  to  take  the  lead  proved  that  not 
only  were  they  capable  of  performing  any  duties  hitherto  assigned  to 
men,  hut  that  in  many  instances  they  were  more  efficient,  and  fully  as 
trustworthy,  so  that  today  a  number  of  the  employers  prefer  them  to 
men.  Women  are  also  proving  themselves  worthy  aspirants  for  public 
office,  and  are  receiving  election  and  appointments  to  some  of  the  most 
responsible  of  them.  The  West  has  taken  the  lead  in  the  recognition  of 
women's  worth  in  the  business  world,  as  it  has  in  so  many  other  ways, 


878        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  San  Bernardino,  like  other  California  cities,  has  some  very  remarkable 
instances  of  women  in  office.  One  of  these  alert,  experienced  and  wide- 
awake women  in  public  affairs  who  is  making  a  splendid  record  and 
giving  her  city  expert  service  is  Mrs.  Mary  Elizabeth  (Knox)  Rouse, 
auditor  of  the  San  Bernardino  municipal  water  department,  deputy 
city  clerk  and  deputy  city  treasurer,  and  one  of  the  most  highly  specialized 
accountants  in  the  county. 

Mrs.  Rouse  was  born  in  Illinois,  September  11,  1891,  a  daughter  of 
Joseph  Knox,  a  native  of  Baden-Baden,  Germany,  whose  father  was  of 
German  birth  and  his  mother  of  Scotch.  Joseph  Knox  came  to  the 
United  States  when  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age,  with  his  brothers  and 
sisters,  and  they  located  in  Sangamon  County,  Illinois,  where  in  the 
process  of  time  they  became  landowners,  Joseph  Kpox  owning  a  valuable 
farm  near  Springfield.  Later  in  life  he  sold  his  farm  and  became  a 
resident  of  Springfield.  During  the  war  between  the  United  States  and 
Spain  he  enlisted  and  served  until  he  was  honorably  discharged  after 
the  termination  of  the  war.  Mrs.  Rouse's  mother  came  of  Irish  and 
English  ancestry. 

Growing  up  in  her  native  county,  Mrs.  Rouse  attended  the  public 
schools  and  a  convent,  and  then  acquired  a  business  training  in  a  com- 
mercial college.  Coming  to  California,  she  spent  one  year  in  a  stock- 
broker's office  at  Los  Angeles  and  another  year  as  an  executive  in  a 
motion  picture  exchange  business  in  the  same  city,  and  then,  in  1911, 
came  to  San  Bernardino.  In  1914  her  connection  with  the  municipality 
began  when  she  took  a  position  as  stenographer  in  the  municipal  water 
department.  So  capable  did  she  prove  to  be  that  she  was  rapidly  advanced 
to  be  cashier,  then  secretary  and,  finally,  auditor.  At  one  time  she  also 
was  a  copyist  and  deputy  county  recorder.  Her  present  duties  include 
acting  as  secretary  for  the  Board  of  Water  Commissioners,  and,  as  above 
stated,  she  is  deputy  city  clerk  and  deputy  city  treasurer,  and  she  is  a 
registered  notary  public. 

On  July  4,  1911,  Mary  Elizabeth  Knox  was  married  at  San  Bernardino' 
to  George  H.  Rouse,  of  Michigan,  who  died  May  8,  1915.  Mrs.  Rouse 
is  a  Catholic,  and  has  held  minor  offices  with  Catholic  societies. 

Henry  F.  Wegnori,  the  present  building  and  plumbing  inspector  for 
the  City  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of  the  most  enterprising  citizens  of 
San  Bernardino  County,  and  has  been  the  incumbent  of  his  present  office 
ever  since  the  adoption  of  the  new  charter.  As  he  is  also  a  builder  and 
general  contractor,  he  understands  his  duties  thoroughly  and  has  a  practi- 
cal knowledge  of  all  the  problems  which  arise  for  his  settlement,  including 
those  relating  to  the  state  housing  department,  which  is  under  his  charge. 

Mr.  Wegnori  is  of  French  descent,  his  grandfather,  H.  F.  Wegnori, 
having  been  a  native  of  Lyons,  France.  He  immigrated  to  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  when  a  young  man,  and  for  some  years  was  a  captain  on  a 
Mississippi  River  steamboat.  His  son  John  Wegnori,  father  of  Henry 
F.  Wegnori,  was  born  in  New  Orleans,  and  he,  too,  was  a  Mississippi 
River  captain,  but  later  was  sent  by  a  company  of  boatbuilders  to  Geneva, 
Switzerland,  to  build  and  operate  a  pleasure  boat  on  Lake  Geneva.  His 
wife,  Annie  Walther,  was  born  in  New  Orleans,  and  there  she  died.  Their 
children  were  four  in  number,  and  Henry  F.  was  the  youngest.  He  was 
only  three  years  old  when  he  was  taken  to  Geneva,  Switzerland,  his  birth 
having  taken  place  in  New  Orleans  November  1,  1846. 

From  1849  to  1864  Henry  F.  Wegnori  continued  to  live  at  Geneva, 
where  his  father  operated  the  pleasure  boat  until  his  death  in  1865,  and 
the  lad  attended  the  schools  of  that  city,  and  in  addition  to  the  regular 
studies  he  took  up  French,  German  and  Italian,  becoming  very  proficient 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES     '  879 

in  these  languages,  learning  to  speak,  read  and  write  them  fluently.  At 
the  same  time  lie  learned  the  carpenter  and  cabinetmaking  trades. 

In  1864  he  returned  to  the  United  States,  and  worked  at  his  trade 
at  New  Orleans.  In  1866  he  left  his  birthplace,  having  satisfied  his 
natural  desire  to  see  it,  and  went  to  Omaha,  Nebraska,  and  worked  as  a 
bridge  builder  for  the  Union  Pacific  road  to  Ogden,  Utah,  and  went 
through  to  California  in  1869,  when  the  Union  Pacific  and  Central  Pacific 
came  together.  He  had  the  satisfaction  of  being  present  when  the  historic 
golden  spike  was  driven  at  Promontary  Point,  Utah,  which  event  marked 
a  great  epoch  in  railroad  construction  history. 

Still  looking  for  a  permanent  place  of  residence,  in  1869  Mr.  Wegnori 
left  Ogden  for  San  Francisco,  California,  and  worked  at  his  trade  for 
a  time,  but  left  it  for  Virginia  City,  Nevada,  where  he  alternated  mining 
during  the  winter  and  building  and  contracting  in  the  summer.  At  the 
expiration  of  five  years  he  made  another  change,  going  to  Truckee, 
California,  and  was  foreman  of  a  planing  mill  until  1886. 

Mr.  Wegnori  went  to  France  in  1870  and  joined  the  French  army  as 
a  civil  engineer  in  the  Sudan  war.  In  1872  he,  with  the  rest  of  the 
French  army,  was  forced  to  lay  down  his  arms  to  the  Prussians.  He 
retreated  with  the  French  army  from  Metz.  When  the  World  war  started 
he  urged  his  adopted  son,  John  U.  Wegnori,  to  give  his  services.  The 
young  man  joined  the  Canadian  army  and  fought  in  the  same  battlefields 
as  did  his  father.  When  the  United  States  entered  the  war  John  Wegnori 
was  transferred  to  the  army  of  his  own  country.  He  was  wounded  in 
action. 

During  all  of  his  travels  Mr.  Wegnori,  while  interested  in  the  different 
places  in  which  he  stopped,  was  not  entirely  satisfied,  and  it  was  not  until 
1886,  when  he  reached  San  Bernardino,  that  he  found  conditions  to  suit 
him,  and  he  has  since  made  this  city  his  home.  For  the  first  three  years 
he  was  foreman  of  the  West  Coast  Lumber  Company,  but  since  then  has 
been  extensively  interested  in  building  and  contracting,  and  has  executed 
some  of  the  most  important  contracts  in  and  about  San  Bernardino. 
Among  other  buildings  which  stand  as  a  monument  to  his  skill  and  reliabil- 
ity may  be  mentioned  the  Harbison  and  Levy  buildings. 

His  marriage  to  Miss  Hattie  Dill,  a  native  of  Ohio,  occurred  in  Los 
Angeles.  California.  They  own  a  beautiful  residence  at  San  Bernardino, 
one  of  the  finest  in  the  city.  His  long  retention  in  his  present  office  is 
proof  positive  of  his  proficiency  in  his  calling  and  his  honesty  in  serving 
the  people  of  his  home  city.  In  politics  Mr.  Wegnori  is  a  republican. 
Fraternally  he  maintains  membership  with  the  Masons,  Knights  of 
Pythias  and  the  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen. 

Ivan  Lewis  Finkelberg,  M.  D. — Before  the  estabhshment  of  in- 
stitutions in  which  the  ambitious  young  man  could  secure  a  practical 
knowledge  at  first  hand  of  the  treatment  of  disease  it  was  not  until  a 
medical  practitioner  had  been  engaged  in  the  calling  he  had  adopted  for 
his  life  work  a  number  of  years  that  he  was  admitted  to  be  a  dependable 
man.  Now,  however,  the  physician  and  surgeon  enters  upon  his  practice 
more  fully  qualified  than  was  his  predecessor  of  half  a  century  ago  at 
the  close  of  his  career,  and  youth  in  this  learned  calling  is  now  an  addi- 
tional characteristic  to  be  added  to  the  sum  total  in  his  favor.  Dr.  Ivan 
Lewis  Finkelberg.  of  San  Bernardino,  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  most 
brilliant  young  medical  men  of  this  part  of  Southern  California,  and  is 
making  a  remarkable  record  in  his  profession.  His  advent  into  Southern 
California  is  of  recent  date,  but  already  he  has  won  the  place  in  his 


880         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

community  to  which  his  talents  entitle  him,  and  has  formed  connections 
which  are  very  valuable. 

Doctor  Finkelberg  was  born  in  Chicago,  lUinoi^^,  November  18,  1891. 
After  completing  the  high  school  course  in  his  native  city  he  further  con- 
tinued his  studies  at  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  and  was 
graduated  therefrom  with  honors.  He  was  a  successful  participant  in  all 
the  athletic  sports  and  events  during  the  time  he  was  a  student,  both  of 
the  high  school  and  association,  was  frequently  the  victor  in  the  various 
games,  and  made  good  in  his  studies  as  he  did  in  sports.  A  close  student. 
Doctor  Finkelberg  has  associated  himself  with  the  scientific  Research 
Society,  of  which  he  is  a  valued  and  active  member.  His  fraternal  affilia- 
tions are  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  college  fraternity  Zeta  Mu 
Phi.  During  his  senior  year  he  was  a  member  of  the  entertainment 
committee  at  College,  and  in  that  capacity  made  many  friendships. 
Following  the  completion  of  his  classical  education  the  young  man  became 
a  student  of  Loyola  University  School  of  Medicine,  and  was  graduated 
therefrom  in  1919  with  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine.  During  his 
junior  year  in  this  school  the  Scrap  Book  contained  an  interesting  sketch 
of  him  and  a  striking  portrait. 

Since  coming  to  California  Dr.  Finkelberg  has  made  it  his  pleasure  to 
acquaint  himself  with  the  conditions  in  San  Bernardino,  and  is  prepared 
to  give  his  unqualified  support  to  those  measures  which  will  bring  about 
reforms,  especially  in  sanitation,  and  to  maintain  the  many  excellent  public 
improvements  already  installed.  Having  decided  to  make  this  his  per- 
manent home,  he  is  anxious  to  keep  everything  in  prime  condition. 

Jonathan  Tibbet,  a  native  son  of  the  Golden  West,  was  born  on 
one  of  the  first  American  ranches  in  the  vicinity  of  old  San  Gabriel,  had 
a  strenuously  active  and  successful  commercial  career  both  in  California 
and  Arizona,  and  from  boyhood  to  the  present  time  has  been  deeply 
interested  in  the  problems  and  welfare  of  the  Indians  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia, and  regards  perhaps  as  the  greatest  distinction  of  his  life,  even 
more  than  his  material  achievements,  the  official  title  and  responsibilities 
he  now  enjoys  as  grand  chief  counselor  of  the  Mission  Indian  Federa- 
tion, of  which  he  was  one  of  the  founders. 

He  was  born  near  the  San  Gabriel  Mission  January  5,  1856.  His 
father,  Jonathan  Tibbet,  was  a  native  of  Michigan.  In  1848,  accom- 
panied by  his  mother  and  older  brother,  he  journeyed  to  California  across 
the  plains  with  an  ox  team.  He  was  in  Los  Angeles  County  for  a 
time,  thence  went  to  Hangtown,  now  known  as  Placerville.  Two  years 
of  arduous  labor  in  the  mines  gave  him  the  money  which  he  took  back 
East  to  buy  a  farm  long  coveted  by  him  and  his  wife.  They  settled  down 
with  the  purpose  of  remaining  there  in  peace  and  contentment  the  rest 
of  their  days.  However,  the  lure  of  the  Golden  Coast  was  strong  upon 
them,  and  after  enduring  the  bleak  climate  of  the  East  for  one  year  they 
sold  out  and  once  more  headed  West,  coming  across  the  plains  with 
some  of  the  first  herds  of  American  cattle,  sheep  and  horses  ever 
brought  to  the  coast.  Jonathan  Tibbet,  Sr.,  bought  the  interests  of  the 
heirs  to  a  Spanish  grant  of  many  thousands  of  acres  near  the  San 
Gabriel  Mission.  This  land  he  used  for  a  stock  ranch,  breeding  and  sell- 
ing stock,  and  getting  fabulous  prices  for  some  of  his  cows  in  1853. 
With  the  aid  of  his  Indian  neighbors  he  went  into  the  mountains  above 
the  present  site  of  Monrovia,  cut  trees,  hauled  them  down  and  whip- 
sawed  all  the  lumber  that  went  into  the  ranch  house.  In  the  dimension 
commodity  there  was  not  a  timber  less  than  6x6  and  the  joists  were 


JMc^ 


SAX  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        881 

12x12.  It  \\as  in  this  sturdy  pioneer  house  than  Jonathan  Tibbet  was 
born. 

On  the  Tibbet  lands  at  San  Gabriel  in  the  early  days  were  seven 
Indian  villages.  All  the  servants  in  the  Tibbets  house  were  Indians. 
The  regular  pay  for  the  Indians  was  twenty-five  cents  a  day,  but  Jona- 
than Tibbet,  Sr.,  gave  them  double  that  amount,  and  the  result  was 
that  both  father  and  son  became  "blood  brothers"  to  the  red  men. 
Through  this  intimate  contact  Jonathan  Tibbet,  Jr.,  developed  a  full 
command  of  Indian  language,  learning  to  speak  eleven  of  the  old  Indian 
dialects,  and  is  as  fluent  with  Spanish  as  a  native.  He  not  only  learned 
the  language  but  also  the  Indian  point  of  view,  and  through  the  Indian 
ceremonies  he  was  made  chief  a  number  of  times  and  to  the  Indians  is 
known  as  "Chief  ButYalo  Heart."  Jonathan  Tibbet,  Sr.,  in  addition  to 
conducting  his  ranch  bought  and  drove  cattle  north  to  the  mines.  There 
being  no  banks  to  transmit  money,  he  had  to  carry  it  with  him  and  many 
times  was  called  upon  to  defend  his  money  and  his  life  from  the  high- 
waymen who  infested  the  roads. 

Later  the  United  States  Government  sent  out  a  commissioner  to  adjust 
the  Spanish  grant  titles  to  California  land,  and  the  Tibbet's  holdings 
were  adjudged  as  a  grazing  permit  and  not  as  a  grant.  After  litigation 
extending  over  several  years  Mr.  Tibbet  lost  the  grant  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  old  home  place.  Subsequently  this  was  sold,  and  he  then  bought 
acreage  near  Santa  Monica,  where  he  established  his  home  and  with 
his  pioneer  wife  spent  the  declining  years  of  his  life.  This  place  is  now 
owned  by  his  younger  sister,  Mrs.  P.  N.  Arnold,  who  with  her  husband 
uses  the  ground  as  a  lima  bean  plantation. 

Jonathan  Tibbet  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  in  the  Episco- 
pal College  just  above  San  Gabriel  Mission.  Boyhood  experiences  had 
inured  him  to  the  customs  and  duties  of  the  frontier,  and  when  only 
twelve  years  of  age  he  stood  guard  with  his  father  against  an  impend- 
ing Indian  attack.  His  early  activities  were  those  of  a  stockman  and 
trader  and  merchant  in  Arizona  and  elsewhere,  and  his  business  was 
centered  in  Arizona  until  1891.  In  that  year  he  came  to  Riverside,  estab- 
lishing a  broker's  office  for  buying,  developing  and  selling  real  estate 
and  mines.  In  1912,  twenty  years  later,  he  abandoned  this  office,  since 
he  had  sufficient  business  and  personal  property  to  demand  his  whole 
attention.  Mr.  Tibbet  owns  three  ranches  in  Riverside  County,  two 
consisting  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  each  and  one  of  twenty  acres. 
These  are  leased.  He  owns  a  bee  ranch  in  the  white  sage  country,  where 
the  finest  honey  is  produced.  His  capital  is  also  enlisted  in  commercial 
enterprises  and  banks,  and  he  owns  forty  or  more  lots  and  a  number 
of  houses  in  Riverside,  considerable  acreage  and  city  property  in  Los 
Angeles  and  the  county,  and  has  some  valuable  ground  and  his  summer 
home  in  Orange  County. 

In  an  active  life  he  has  achieved  large  means  and  undoubted  suc- 
cess, which  good  fortune  he  attributes  in  part  to  the  steadfast  habit  of 
his  life  in  never  taking  a  drink  of  liquor,  never  winning  or  losing  a 
cent  in  any  kind  of  gambling  game,  and  never  signing  a  note. 

Mr.  Tibbet  is  a  scholarly  authority  on  local  history.  He  has  a  won- 
derful collection  of  pioneer  relics,  Indian  relics,  souvenirs  and  curios, 
sufficient  to  make  a  respectable  foundation  for  any  museum.  Included 
in  this  collection  are  many  articles  from  the  home  of  George  and  Martha 
Washington.  He  also  has  many  knives,  guns  and  pistols  of  bandits 
of  the  earlier  day,  including  the  knife  of  Joaquin  Murrietta  and  the 
knife,  spurs,  bridle  and  quirt  of  Tiburcio  Vasquez,  a  notable  bandit. 
Mr.  Tibbet  took  part  in  the  hunt  for  the  latter. 


882         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

During  all  the  years  of  his  active  business  career  his  interest  in  the 
Indian  never  waned.  While  in  Arizona  he  spent  many  years  as  civilian 
Indian  scout,  Chief  of  Scouts  and  U.  S.  deputy  marshal,  and  was  respon- 
sible for  saving  many  Indian  lives  on  account  of  his  friendly  attitude.  He 
has  been  Indian  commissioner  for  the  Riverside  and  San  Bernardino 
Pioneer  Society  and  also  the  Los  Angeles  Pioneer  Society.  Countless 
opportunities  have  been  given  him  to  understand  the  relations  of  the 
Indian  to  the  white  man,  and  the  burdens  and  disabilities  placed  upon 
them,  and  he  has  keenly  felt  the  injustice  involved  in  the  management 
of  Indians  and  Indian  affairs.  After  his  return  to  California  and  settle- 
ment at  Riverside  his  and  his  father's  old  Indian  friends  among  tlo 
tribes  sought  him  out,  and  through  him  they  gave  expression  to  their 
long  cherished  desires,  which,  when  officially  formulated  in  petition,  called 
for — "Justice;  to  be  free  citizens  of  America;  the  friendly  co-operation 
of  the  white  races ;  to  govern  and  develop  themselves  under  the  pro- 
tection of  Congress ;  the  right  of  arrest  by  warrant ;  the  right  of  trial, 
and  political  and  civil  protection ;  the  right  to  mingle  with  the  white 
races,  not  as  an  inferior  people,  afraid  of  laws  they  do  not  understand, 
but  with  the  proud  knowledge  that  they  are  free,  welcomed  and  pro- 
tected ;  the  restoration  of  their  rights  and  privileges,  not  merely  those 
God-given,  but  those  vouchsafed  and  promised  by  the  Government." 

Mr.  Tibbet  helped  these  Mission  Indians  organize  the  Mis- 
sion Indian  Federation,  and  he  was  in  turn  honored  with 
election  as  grand  chief  counselor.  He  has  never  voted  with 
the  tribes,  but  has  acted  as  counselor  on  ideas  they  advanced  them- 
selves. Over  fifty  tribes  are  represented  in  the  Federation,  with  a 
total  membership  of  about  twenty  thousand.  This  is  the  greatest  and 
strongest  Indian  organization  in  the  country,  and  it  is  believed  that  the 
organization  is  permanent  and  will  persist  until  at  least  the  fundamental 
purposes  are  accomplished.  Mr.  Tibbet  is  the  only  white  man  permitted 
to  be  a  member.  Many  proofs  might  be  cited  to  show  how  the  Indians 
are  rapidly  acquiring  white  civilization.  Their  love  of  country  and  the 
Government  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  in  the  late  war  the  Indians  of 
the  nation  sent  over  seventeen  thousand  men  into  the  armies,  and  con- 
tributed approximately  twenty  million  dollars  in  money,  indubitable 
proof  of  their  loyalty  and  patriotism.  Of  the  Mission  Indians  from 
pioneer  times  to  the  present  they  have  been  peaceful,  home  loving,  and 
never  engaged  in  any  organized  hostility  to  the  white  man.  In  fact, 
they  supplied  a  large  share  of  the  essential  labor  not  only  in  the  old 
Spanish  regime  but  after  Americans  took  possession  of  the  country,  and, 
as  noted  above,  Mr.  Tibbet's  father  employed  them  in  the  mines  as  early 
as  1848.  At  each  semi-annual  convention  of  the  Mission  Indians  they 
conduct  their  affairs  in  a  business  like  manner,  and  an  expert  accountant 
is  employed  to  go  over  their  books,  and  a  certified  statement  is  filed  with 
the  county  recorder  to  protect  them  against  unjust  criticism.  The  mem- 
bers of  this  Indian  Federation  almost  altogether  earn  their  living  outside 
the  Reservation,  since  conditions  in  the  Reservation  do  not  permit  of 
productive  work  or  business.  At  a  large  semi-annual  convention  of  the 
Federation,  when  between  twelve,  hundred  and  fifteen  hundred  delegates 
were  present,  the  question  was  asked  directly  as  to  how  many  of  the 
delegates  present  left  their  homes  on  the  Reservation  to  secure  em- 
ployment from  their  white  friends.  In  reply  every  Indian  delegate  sig- 
nified that  this  was  the  case.  Mr.  Tibbet  served  as  chief  of  the  vigilantes 
for  a  number  of  years  while  a  resident  of  Arizona.  From  the  decision 
of  the  Judge  Lynch  Court  there  was  no  appeal. 

Jonathan  Tibbet  is  a  member  of  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110, 
Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West,  of  Elsinore  Lodge  No.  289,  F.  and  A. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        883 

M.,  is  a  member  of  the  Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is  an 
honorary  member  of  Los  Angeles  County  Pioneers,  and  a  member  of  San 
Bernardino  and  Riverside  Pioneers.  In  1892  at  Riverside,  he  married 
Miss  Emma  H.  Baumann,  a  native  of  Wisconsin.  Her  father,  Gustave 
Baumann,  was  at  one  time  a  leading  wholesale  and  retail  meat  packer 
and  merchant  at  Oshkosh,  Wisconsin. 

Napoleon  Bonapart  Hale,  pioneer  business  man  and  citizen  of  San 
Bernardino,  was  often  alluded  to  as  San  Bernardino's  "grand  old  business 
man,"  for  he  possessed  the  sterling  qualities,  the  progressive  spirit,  the 
etiticient  social  citizenship  entitling  him  to  the  loving  appellation.  For 
over  forty  years  he  was  a  potent  factor  in  the  business  circles  of  his 
adopted  home,  and  in  all  he  spent  over  fifty  years  in  the  jewelry  business 
and  every  year  added  to  his  reputation  as  one  of  the  most  highly  respected 
residents  of  San  Bernardino. 

Mr.  Hale  had  a  rather  eventful  life  in  its  commencement.  He  saw 
the  pioneer  days  in  the  East  and  then  in  the  West,  for  he  was  born  in  a 
tiny  corner  crossroads  in  what  is  now  a  part  of  the  City  of  Milwaukee. 
In  Montana  it  was  all  in  the  making  and  when  he  came  to  California  this 
state  was  far  from  being  a  quiet,  staid,  settled  commonwealth.  San 
Bernardino  was  in  embryo,  and  he  lived  to  see  a  live,  modern  city  replace 
the  small  country  village,  heartily  entering  into  every  enterprise  tending 
to  build  up  and  advance  the  interests  of  San  Bernardino.  In  his  passing 
the  city  lost  one  of  its  most  valued  citizens,  and  those  who  knew  and  loved 
him,  a  staunch  friend.  He  was  a  kind  and  loving  father  and  husband, 
and  if  he  had  a  fault  it  was  his  loyalty  to  his  friends  and  neighbors. 
He  went  into  Eternity  loved  by  his  family  and  friends  and  respected  and 
honored  by  the  city  in  which  he  had  spent  the  most  of  his  life. 

Mr.  Hale  was  born  in  Hale's  Corners,  near  Milwaukee  February  27, 
1838,  the  place  being  named  after  his  father,  who  had  a  ranch  there  and 
kept  the  hotel  for  many  years,  and  a  man  of  high  repute.  Mr.  Hale  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Hale's  Corners,  now  a  part  of  Milwaukee. 
From  there  he  went  to  St.  Joseph,  Missouri,  where  he  followed  mining  for 
awhile  and  then  came  out  West,  locating  in  Helena,  Montana.  He  followed 
mining  there  for  some  time,  but  decided  to  learn  some  good  trade  or 
profession.  The  jewlery  business  possessed  the  greatest  attraction  and 
he  learned  the  business  thoroughly  under  a  Mr.  Lewis  in  Helena.  He 
pursued  this  occupation  there  for  some  time,  but  he  went  back  to  Grand 
Rapids,  Michigan,  where  he  worked  in  the  jewelry  line  for  two  years. 
He  had  married  a  native  daughter  of  Grand  Rapids,  Miss  French,  and 
when  her  father  returned  to  Grand  Rapids  he  followed  him  back,  although 
he  liked  what  he  had  seen  of  the  West.  Soon  afterwards  Mr.  French  came 
out  to  California,  and,  of  course,  was  delighted  with  it  especially  San  Ber- 
nardino. He  purchased  land  in  the  city,  some  of  it  at  Mt.  Vernon  and 
Fifth  streets.  He  then  returned  to  Michigan,  having  decided  to  bring 
his  family  out  here  to  live  and  to  persuade  his  son-in-law,  Mr.  Hale,  to 
locate  in  San  Bernardino  also.  Mr.  Hale  agreed  to  this,  and  he  came  out 
with  furniture,  fruit  trees,  etc. 

Mr.  Hale  at  once,  in  1874,  bought  out  a  man  named  Franklin,  who 
had  a  jewelry  store  near  the  corner  of  Third  and  Arrowhead  streets,  and 
he  at  once  embarked  in  business.  In  1876  he  sold  to  Truman  Reavis  a 
half  interest  in  the  business,  and  this  partnership  continued  until  1884, 
when  Mr.  Hale  sold  out  to  his  partner,  Mr.  Reavis.  He  soon  opened 
another  store,  on  D  Street,  south  of  the  Opera  House,  and  this  business  he 
continued  until  his  death  in  March,  1915,  on  the  17th  of  the  month,  with  the 
exception  of  the  last  three  years  of  his  life.     Over  thirty-one  years  he 


884         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

was  in  the  jewelry  business  in  the  same  location  and  ten  years  before 
that  in  his  first  location.  In  all  he  spent  over  fifty  years  of  his  life  in  the 
jewelry  business. 

Mr.  Hale  married  Cicilia  Adelia  French,  a  native  of  Grand  Rapids, 
Michigan,  and  they  were  the  parents  of  four  children  :  Willard  H.,  born 
in  Helena,  P'ebruary  27 ,  1868,  was  educated  in  the  San  Bernardino  public 
schools  and  then  entered  the  jewelry  business  in  1886,  and  continued  in 
it  until  1892.  He  is  a  republican  in  politics ;  Desdemona  H.  was  born  in 
Grand  Rapids,  Michigan,  and  died  in  1905 ;  Millard  Guy  was  born  in  San 
Bernardino  December  9,  1878;  Edward  Arthur  was  killed  in  a  street  car 
accident  in  1907.  Alillard  Guy  was  also  educated  in  the  pubhc  schools 
of  San  Bernardino,  and  then  went  into  the  jewelry  business,  which  he 
has  followed  since  1895,  making  a  success  of  it  in  every  way.  He  married 
in  1903  Elsie  A.  \'aughan  a  native  of  Colton  and  a  daughter  of  James 
Vaughan,  of  Colton.  They  have  one  child,  Leanore  C.  Mr.  Hale  is  a 
member  of  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110,  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West, 
and  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order 
of  Elks.    He  is  a  republican  in  politics. 

N.  B.  Hale  was  a  member  of  the  A.  O.  U.  W'.,  and  was  its  finan- 
cial secretary  for  many  years. 

John  Fl.\ck — Many  of  the  enthusiastic  boosters  for  San  Bernardino, 
while  dwelling  at  length  upon  its  greatness  as  a  railroad  center  and  the 
opportunities  here  afi^orded  for  industrial  and  commercial  expansion,  for- 
get another  and  important  claim  it  has  to  favorable  consideration  for  resi- 
dential purposes,  for  the  Gate  City  is  second  to  none  in  this  part  of  the 
country  as  a  home  city  the  year  around.  This  feature  is  recognized  by  a 
number  of  men  who  have  already  earned  the  right  to  step  aside  from  the 
deeply  trodden  path  of  business  endeavor  and  during  the  remainder  of 
the  years  allotted  them  enjoy  amid  delightful  surroundings  the  peace  and 
plenty  their  own  industry  has  provided.  One  of  these  representative 
retired  residents  of  the  city  is  John  Flack,  who  for  thirty-two  years  was  a 
railroad  man  before  coming  to  San  Bernardino,  and  for  some  years  there- 
after, a  merchant.  For  the  past  four  or  five  years,  however,  he  has 
belonged  to  the  leisure  class,  although  he  still  maintains  his  interest  in 
the  city  and  its  further  progress. 

John  Flack  was  born  at  Atlanta,  Georgia,  August  17,  1850,  a  son 
of  John  and  Mary  Flack,  natives  of  Germany,  both  of  whom  are  now 
deceased.  The  father  was  a  contracting  carpenter,  and  well  known  in 
his  day. 

Although  only  a  child  when  war  was  declared  between  the  North  and 
the  South,  the  younger  John  Flack  was  in  thorough  sympathy  with  the 
Confederacy,  and  in  spite  of  opposition  from  his  parents,  who  naturally 
felt  that  the  battlefield  was  no  place  for  one  of  his  tender  years,  he 
managed  to  join  the  famous  guerilla  leader  General  John  Morgan,  and 
participated  in  many  of  the  noted  expeditions  of  his  command,  and  re- 
mained in  the  service  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

The  excitement  and  discipline  of  his  military  service  aged  the  boy,  and 
at  the  close  of  the  war  he  did  not  return  to  the  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
schools  where  he  had  been  a  student,  but  went  into  railroad  work  for 
the  Nashville  &  Decatur  Railroad,  starting  at  the  bottom,  and  by  gradual 
steps  working  himself  up  to  the  position  of  locomotive  engineer.  He  was 
later  with  the  Louisville  &  Nashville  Railroad,  and  still  later  with  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad,  his  run  on  the  latter  being  from  Watervalley 
to  Canton,  Mississippi,  and  later  from  Canton  to  Memphis.  Out  of  the 
thirty-two  years  he  was  engaged  in  railroad  work  he  spent  twenty  years 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        885 

with  the  Ilh'nois  Central  Road.  Resigning  from  this  road  in  1899,  he  came 
to  California,  aniving  at  Colton  July  12  of  that  vear,  and  after  a  short 
stay  at  that  point  he  came  to  San  Bernardino  and  here  established  himself 
in  the  mercantile  line,  and  conducted  a  flourishing  business  until  about 
1916,  when  he  permanently  retired,  after  seventeen  years  in  business. 
Ill  health  necessitated  this  change,  but  he  still  looks  after  his  personal 
interests,  which  consist  principally  of  different  properties  in  San  Ber- 
nardino, for  his  faith  in  this  city  has  led  him  to  invest  extensively  in 
its  real  estate. 

As  an  echo  of  old  days  Mr.  Flack  maintains  membership  with  the 
Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers.  He  is  very  active  fraternally, 
and  is  a  member  of  Watervalley  Chapter,  Royal  Arch  Masons;  Water- 
vallev  Commanderv,  Knights  Tenijilar ;  the  Alystic  Shrine  at  Meridian. 
Mississippi ;  the  Knights  of  Pythias  at  Decatur,  Alabama,  and  also  belongs 
to  the  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men  and  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles. 
While  he  always  votes  the  democratic  ticket,  he  has  never  been  active  in 
politics. 

On  August  17,  1883.  Mr.  Flack  married  at  Yazoo  City.  Mississippi, 
Miss  Charley  Ann  McCarty.  a  native  of  Mississippi,  and  a  daughter 
of  Tom  and  Amanda  McCartv.  Tom  McCarty  was  a  Confederate  soldier 
who  died  from  the  effects  of  wounds  received  at  the  battle  of  Vicksburg. 
His  death  occurred  in  June,  and  Mrs.  Flack  was  born  the  followng 
August.  She  is  a  member  of  the  Knights  and  Ladies  of  Security  and  the 
Royal  Neighbors.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Flack  have  one  son,  Charles  L.  Flack, 
who  is  stenographer  for  the  district  attorney  of  San  Bernardino  County. 
He  married  Rose  Goodcell,  a  half-sister  of  Judge  Henry  Goodcell. 
Charles  L.  Flack  and  his  wife  have  three  children,  namely:  John,  Lillian 
and  Rosalind. 

There  are  very  few  men  of  Mr.  Flack's  age  who  served  in  the  war  of 
the  '60s,  and  his  reccollections  of  those  thrilling  days  are  extremely 
interesting.  Naturallv  his  viewpoint,  because  of  his  youth,  is  somewhat 
different  from  that  of  those  who  were  more  mature  at  the  time  of  their 
service,  and  for  that  reason  all  the  more  valuable.  He  is  often  called 
upon  to  relate  his  experiences  to  his  neighbors,  and  his  grandchildren 
hang  upon  his  tales,  never  tiring  of  them.  As  old  soldier,  former  railroad 
man  and  merchant,  and  present  man  of  property,  he  has  lived  up  to  his 
highest  conception  of  duty,  and  has  striven  to  do  just  what  he  thought  was 
right  and  just. 

.\rthur  H.  H.xLSTF.n — A  review  of  the  lives  of  many  of  the  leading 
business  men  and  reliable  citizens  of  Riverside  reveals  the  fact  that  many 
of  them  came  to  Riverside  primarily  in  search  of  health,  and,  remaining, 
not  only  gained  that  but  a  material  prosperity  far  bevond  anything  they 
had  hoped  for  in  their  former  homes.  To  be  sure,  these  men,  s:iven  the 
health  which  is  now  theirs,  would  have  been  successful  anywhere,  for 
while  Riverside  is  decidedly  the  Gem  City  of  the  country,  it  cannot  make 
rich  men  of  those  who  are  not  willing  to  exert  themselves  and  have  not 
the  necessary  qualifications.  Still  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  here  men 
of  ability  are  afforded  unusual  chances  to  acquire  a  fair  portion  of  this 
world's  goods.  Arthur  H.  Halsted,  president  of  the  Rivino  ^^'ater 
Company  and  an  orange  grower  of  considerable  prestige,  belongs  to  the 
class  above  referred  to,  and  he  has  not  only  made  a  success  here,  but 
has  also  rendered  the  citv  a  valuable  service  in  many  wavs,  and  is  recog- 
nized as  one  of  its  worthwhile  citizens. 

.Arthur  H.  Halsted  was  born  in  New  York  State,  January  1,  1870, 
a  son  of  John  F.  and  Catherine  (Thompson)  Halsted,  both  of  whom  are 


886        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

now  deceased.  .They  were  natives  of  New  York  State,  and  came  of 
English  descent,  although  their  families  had  long  been  established  in  this 
country.  John  F.  Halsted  was  a  prominent  man  of  New  York  City,  at  one 
time  serving  as  president  of  the  Firemen's  Insurance  Company,  with 
offices  at  153  Broadway,  which  building  has  been  torn  down  and  the 
company  been  absorbed  by  one  of  the  larger  insurance  companies.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution. 

Arthur  H.  Halsted  was  educated  in  private  schools  in  New  Jersey 
and  the  Brooklyn  Collegiate  and  Polytechnic  Institutes,  and  at  the  close 
of  his  studies  engaged  in  New  York  City  with  the  China  and  Japan 
Trading  Company.  After  four  years  with  this  concern  his  health  failed, 
and  in  April,  1890,  he  came  to  California  in  search  of  a  more  salubrious 
climate,  being  accompained  by  his  brother,  who  had  visited  Riverside  on 
previous  trips  and  was  fully  aware  of  the  many  attractions  and  advan- 
tages of  this  garden  spot.  He  induced  A.  H.  Halsted  to  look  the  place 
over,  and  the  latter  found  that  his  enthusiasm  had  a  real  foundation. 
In  fact,  he  was  so  pleased  with  Riverside  that  he  bought  seven  and  one- 
half  acres  of  the  old  Haight  place  on  Rubidoux  Avenue,  and  the  following 
year  erected  a  comfortable  residence  at  163  that  avenue,  which  has  been 
the  family  home  ever  since.  His  acreage  was  planted  to  seedling  oranges, 
and  he  has  subsequently  budded  every  alternate  tree  with  navel  oranges. 
He  has  also  planted  shrubbery  and  ornamental  trees  around  the  house, 
and  today  owns  one  of  the  most  attractive  homes  on  the  avenue. 

A  far-sighted,  public-spirited  man,  Mr.  Halsted  has  connected  himself 
with  numerous  enterprises  of  the  city,  and  is  a  director  of  the  Riverside 
Water  Company  and  president  of  the  Rivino  Water  Company.  One  of 
the  organizers  of  the  Rivino  Land  Company,  he  has  served  it  as  vice  presi- 
dent since  its  establishment.  This  company  owns  650  acres  of  land  in 
the  river  bottom,  largely  in  San  Bernardino  County,  although  some  of 
it  lies  in  Riverside  County.  At  one  time  this  company  held  large  holdings 
in  the  vincinity  of  Riverside,  which  it  developed  and  then  sold.  Mr. 
Halsted  is  a  member  of  the  Southern  California  Fruit  Exchange,  and  is 
responsible  in  large  part  for  much  of  the  improvement  in  his  section  of 
the  city.  During  the  World  war  he  served  as  a  member  of  the  Home 
Guard,  and  otherwise  made  himself  useful  in  local  war  work,  and  is  still 
chairman  of  the  Riverside  Chapter  of  the  American  Red  Cross,  which 
attends  largely  to  Home  Service  work.  While  he  is  interested  in  the 
success  of  the  republican  party,  he  has  not  been  active  in  politics,  and 
has  never  sought  public  honors. 

Mr.  Halsted  has  been  twice  married,  the  first  time  at  Riverside,  in 
April.  1895,  to  Euphemia  Wright,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  the 
daughter  of  John  Wright.  She  passed  away  in  1908,  leaving  two  children. 
Samuel  Thompson,  graduated  from  Leland  Stanford  University,  class 
of  1917.  with  the  degree  of  Civil  Engineer.  During  the  World  war  he 
served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Aviation  Squadron  at  Vancouver  Barracks. 
He  is  now  a  resident  of  Riverside,  he  and  his  wife,  formerly  Catherine 
MacMaster,  being  leaders  in  the  younger  social  set.  Miss  Katherine 
Halsted,  the  second  child  of  Mr.  Halsted,  is  a  student  in  Los  Angeles. 
M,r.  Halsted's  second  marriage  occurred  at  Riverside  in  June,  1909,  to 
Miss  Ada  Till,  a  native  of  England,  and  a  daughter  of  John  Till.  Both 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Halsted  are  earnest  members  of  All  Saints'  Episcopal 
Church,  of  which  he  has  been  senior  warden. 

Mr.  Halsted  is  enthusiastic  with  relation  to  the  possibilities  of  River- 
side, for  he  contends  that  its  natural  and  developed  advantages  are  unsur- 
passed, and  that  here  opportunities  are  offered  to  those  willing  to  take  the 
trouble  to  avail  themselves  of  them.     The  man  who  comes  to  the  city. 


ARNOLD  J    STALDER 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        887 

however,  expecting  to  have  the  good  things  of  hfe  fall  into  his  hands 
without  making  any  return  is  liable  to  be  disappointed,  for  here,  as 
elsewhere,  something  is  required  before  rewards  are  given.  However, 
it  is  certainly  true  that  the  returns  are  much  more  generous  for  the 
outlay  than  in  many  other  sections,  and  at  the  same  time  the  investor  has 
the  benefit  of  the  unsurpassed  climate  and  the  beautiful  surroundings.  The 
rigors  of  the  Eastern  climate  have  no  terrors  for  the  people  of  Riverside. 
In  the  midst  of  their  lovely  orange  groves,  surrounded  by  flowers  and 
fruits,  they  can  enjoy  life  as  never  before,  and  at  the  same  time  know 
that  they  are  the  owners  of  a  fine  income-bearing  property,  whose  value 
is  increasing  with  each  year.  Mr.  Halsted  is  proud  that  he  has  borne 
his  part  in  the  civic  development  which  now  furnishes  the  residents 
with  all  of  the  advantages  of  urban  life,  together  with  the  pleasures 
usually  only  to  be  found  amid  rural  surroundings. 

Arnold  J.  Stalder — Perhaps  a  few  of  his  old  time  friends  and 
associates  recall  the  time  when  Arnold  J.  Stalder  had  no  more  important 
relationship  with  business  in  Southern  California  than  as  a  teamster  and 
ranch  hand.  The  greater  part  of  his  wide  acquaintance  know  him  as  a 
very  prominent  figure  in  business  circles  at  Riverside  and  elsewhere  and  as 
a  man  who  has  accumulated  from  the  nucleus  of  ambition  and  industry 
interests  greatly  extended  over  the  farming  and  agricultural  area  of 
Southern  California  and  in  numerous  business  corporations  at  Riverside 
and  elsewhere. 

Mr.  Stalder  was  born  September  14.  1861,  in  Richardson  County, 
Nebraska,  out  on  the  frontier,  where  his  father,  Frederick  Stalder, 
settled  after  coming  from  Switzerland.  The  Stalders  were  identified  with 
all  the  pioneer  phases  of  life  in  Nebraska.  Frederick  Stalder  lived  in  a 
lonely  settlement  twenty-five  miles  from  the  nearest  market,  and  he  carried 
his  supplies  home  on  his  back.  When  he  first  went  there  the  entire 
district  contained  only  one  saddle  horse,  and  the  first  team  that  he  owned 
to  work  on  his  land  was  oxen. 

Arnold  J.  Stalder  himself  has  recollections  of  conditions  in  Nebraska 
not  far  different  from  those  encountered  by  the  real  pioneers.  He 
helped  his  father  on  the  farm,  attending  school  only  three  months  each 
winter,  and  that  was  the  routine  and  program  of  his  life  until  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age. 

In  February.  1882,  he  arrived  in  Los  Angeles  with  only  ten  dollars 
remaining  of  his  limited  capital.  The  fir.st  work  he  did  was  driving  a 
team  for  Mr.  Nadeau,  helping  haul  material  for  the  Nadeau  Hotel,  corner 
of  First  and  Spring  streets,  at  that  time  considered  the  outskirts  of  the 
city.  He  also  worked  on  the  Farming  and  Milling  Company's  ranch  as 
foreman  for  two  years.  Becoming  interested  in  farming,  from  there 
he  went  to  Cucamonga  Vallev  (later  called  Wineville)  and  took  up  a 
homestead  and  also  contracted  for  railroad  land  on  five  years'  time.  His 
assets  were  $25,000  borrowed  at  ten  per  cent,  payable  quarterly,  on  no 
security  but  his  name.  While  farming  he  also  did  his  own  cooking  and 
other  housework  until  his  marriage  on  September  14,  1887.  He  and  his 
wife  lived  on  their  farm  in  that  locality  fourteen  years,  since  which 
time  their  home  has  been  in  Riverside. 

Mr.  Stalder.  with  his  brother  F.  W.  Stalder  as  a  partner,  has  always 
maintained  a  large  share  in  farm  ownership  and  farming  interests.  At 
one  time  they  had  eight  thousand  acres  devoted  to  dry  land  farming. 
They  were  the  first  extensive  farmers  in  the  Wineville  and  Rincon  coun- 
try, also  the  first  at  Corona,  Arlington  and  West  Riverside.  In  1900 
the  farm  of  two  thousand  acres  at  Wineville  was  planted  as  a  vineyard 
and  was  sold  December  5.   1907,  to  the  Riverside  Vineyard  Company. 


888        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Later  buying  a  farm  four  miles  south  of  Wineville,  they  carried  on 
farming  and  cattle  raising  for  several  years.  They  finally  gave  up  cattle 
raising  on  a  general  scale  and  devoted  their  attention  to  farming  and 
to  pure  bred  Holsteins,  having  a  hundred  and  fifty  head  of  this  fine  stock 
at  the  time  the  ranch  and  herd  was  sold,  October  19,  20,  21,  1920.  Having 
faith  in  the  business  future  of  Riverside,  they  erected  a  concrete  building 
at  Eighth  and  Fairmont  Boulevard.  They  established  the  Riverside  Dairy 
Company  in  March,  1912,  and  A.  J.  Stalder  is  still  president  of  that 
industry,  which  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Vine  and  Tenth  streets,  with 
Steve  Kennedy  as  manager.  They  also  organized  the  Riverside  Farming 
and  Milling  Company  in  1902,  with  A.  J.  Stalder  as  president.  This  was 
incorporated  as  the  Riverside  Milling  and  Fuel  Company  in  1905,  of 
which  A.  J.  Stalder  is  president.  This  was  moved  to  Ninth  and  Orange 
streets,  where  it  is  still  continued  under  the  management  of  H.  L.  Graham. 
The  Glenwood  Mission  Garage  now  stands  on  the  lot  vacated  at  the 
corner  of  Market  and  Seventh  streets.  In  January,  1913,  Mr.  Stalder  and 
his  brother  bought  a  half  interest  in  this  garage.  It  was  incorporated  in 
1918  with  C.  A.  Dundas  as  president,  A.  J.  Stalder,  vice  president,  S. 
Gordon  Stalder,  secretary,  and  F.  E.  Bennet,  treasurer.  A.  J.  Stalder 
was  at  one  time  director  in  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside,  a  member  of 
the  City  Council  for  four  years,  on  the  Board  of  Utilities  for  two  years 
and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  Riverside.  He 
is  a  democrat  and  is  affiliated  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows, Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  the  Present  Day  Club  and 
the  Southern  California  Fair  Association. 

At  Los  Angeles,  September  14,  1887,  he  married  Miss  Lillie  Holmes, 
a  native  daughter  of  California.  Her  parents  were  pioneers  who  came 
across  the  plains  in  the  days  of  ox  teams  and  ox  carts,  settling  in  Los 
Angeles  in  1865.  Of  the  two  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stalder  one  died 
in  childhood.  The  other  is  Sydney  Gordon  Stalder,  whose  career  is 
taken  up  specifically  on  other  pages.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stalder  are  members 
of  the  Universalist  Church. 

Charles  Austin  Dundas — Successful  business  everywhere  is  a  record 
of  small  and  slow  beginnings,  with  gradually  accumulating  momentum 
and  power,  usually  due  to  the  driving  force  of  some  one  individual. 
Such  has  been  the  career  of  Charles  Austin  Dundas,  president  and 
manager  of  the  magnificent  Glenwood  Mission  Garage  of  Riverside 
and  actively  associated  with  a  number  of  other  large  commercial 
interests  in  Southern  California. 

Mr.  Dundas  was  born  in  Kansas  April  25,  1880.  His  birth  occurred 
in  Republic  County  of  that  State.  His  father  O.  J-  Dundas  was  a 
native  of  Illinois  and  was  possessed  of  that  pioneer  and  adventuresome 
spirit  which  kept  him  and  his  fatnily  almost  constantly  on  the  move, 
partly  with  the  desire  to  better  his  condition  and  partly  to  see  new 
countries.  He  was  an  early  settler  in  Kansas,  went  to  Nebraska 
when  Charles  A.  was  six  months  old.  There  he  started  construction 
of  a  steel  work  bridge  for  a  railroad  company,  but  ill  health  inter- 
vening he  went  out  to  Oregon,  and  for  a  time  was  in  the  shingle 
business  on  the  Columbia  River  in  Washington.  Then  followed 
a  brief  visit  to  California  after  which  he  returned  to  his  Nebraska 
farm,  then  went  South  to  Moscow,  Tennessee,  and  on  Elk  Rivt-r 
started  a  grain  mill.  .'Kfter  a  year  he  was  back  on  his  Nebraska  home- 
stead, remained  there  twelve  months  and  sold  out,  and  at  Lincoln 
the  state  capital  started  the  Purity  Dairy.  These  moves  are  indicated 
in  outline  since  Charles  A.  Dundas  was  at  that  time  a  bo\-  and  shared 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        889 

in  the  varying  family  fortunes.  On  leaving  Lincoln  O.  J.  Dundas 
moved  to  Colorado  and  went  on  a  wheat  and  potato  ranch  in  the  San  Luis 
Valley.  For  six  months  he  operated  a  restaurant  at  Grand  Junction, 
Colorado,  and  then  started  a  dairy  at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah.  He 
was  in  the  dairy  business  in  Utah  until  the  fall  of  1895. 

At  that  time  Charles  A.  Dundas  was  fifteen  years  of  age.  He 
joined  his  father  in  an  overland  expedition  to  Chino,  California. 
The  expedition  was  made  up  of  sixteen  teams,  with  prairie  schooner 
wagons,  and  the  party  started  with  a  large  bunch  of  horses.  It 
was  a  thirty-six  day  journey.  They  lost  their  way  in  Death  Valley, 
and  between  Chinaman  Ranch  and  Las  Vegas  were  completely  out 
of  water  and  feed.  Charles  A.  Dundas  and  a  man  named  Scott  were 
selected  to  make  a  rush  for  provisions,  feed  and  water.  They  started 
for  a  point  they  thought  was  Granite  Knob,  having  four  of  the  best 
horses,  two  tied  to  the  back  of  the  wagon.  Leaving  at  four  in  the 
afternoon  their  first  trip  was  for  water.  The  water  sump  hole  which  they 
finally  reached  was  full  of  dead  rabbits.  At  the  foot  of  Granite  Knob 
they  met  two  men  who  gave  them  directions  how  to  get  to  Johannes- 
burg. After  a  day  and  night  drive  they  reached  that  point,  where 
they  secured  six  horses,  three  barrels  of  water,  six  bales  of  hay  and 
provisions  and  started  to  return.  Reaching  the  scene  where  they 
had  left  the  party  they  picked  up  their  trail  and  as  they  proceeded 
met  two  men  and  a  burro  who  informed  them  of  where  they  could 
find  their  people.  The  remaining  party  had  in  the  meantime  reached 
some  old  smelter  ruins  where  there  was  a  lot  of  canary  grass  and  a 
little  stream  of  water.  Another  incident  of  the  trip  for  provisions 
was  the  losing  of  a  nut  off  the  wagon.  When  the  wheel  came  off 
C.  A.  Dundas  had  to  follow  back  for  half  a  mile  over  the  trail  before 
he  found  the  nut.  From  Johannesburg  the  party  proceeded  through 
Victorsville,  through  Cajon  Pass  into  Chino.  C.  A.  Dundas  remained 
there  until  fall  and  in  1900  reached  Riverside. 

About  that  time  Mr.  Dundas  began  an  eleven  months'  course  in 
the  Riverside  Business  College.  He  did  not  possess  a  dime  when 
he  arrived,  but  he  paid  tuition  and  cost  of  books  by  clerking  in  the 
shoe  store  at  the  present  site  of  the  Racket  store.  From  four  to  six 
and  from  six  to  eleven  he  "hopped  bells"  and  then  attended  school 
next  day  at  nine  o'clock.  When  he  finished  his  course  he  had  every- 
thing paid  up  and  had  two  hundred  twenty-five  dollars  in  bank. 

Following  this  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Telephone  Company. 
For  one  week  he  dug  post  holes,  did  lineman  work  one  week,  spent 
one  month  as  a  collector,  traveling  auditor  four  or  five  months,  and 
was  then  transferred  as  manager  of  the  San  Bernardino  Exchange. 
He  remained  in  the  service  of  the  Telephone  Company  until  the 
spring  of  1904. 

Up  to  that  time  he  had  made  a  living  but  had  accumulated  no 
capital  beyond  experience  and  a  great  deal  of  resourceful  courage. 
When  he  left  the  Telephone  Company  he  secured  an  automobile 
stage  outfit  and  began  running  a  line  between  San  Bernardino  and 
Arrowhead  Hot  Springs.  Later  he  sold  out  and  took  the  tourist 
auto  agency  for  Riverside  and  San  Bernardino  for  cars  manufactured 
in  Los  Angeles.  His  headquarters  for  a  time  were  at  the  Orange 
Valley  Garage,  and  from  there  he  moved  to  Seventh  Street  adjoining 
the  present  location  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Garage.  He  soon 
added  Frank  Miller's  business  to  his  own  by  purchase  and  after 
operating  alone  several  years  he  then  incorporated  the  Glenwood 
Mission  Garage.     He  is  now  president  and  manager  of  the  company 

Vol.   II-IO 


890         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

with  A.  J.  and  F.  W.  Stalder  half  owner  and  vice  president,  and 
Sydney  G.  Stalder,  secretary,  while  F.  E.  Bennett  is  treasurer.  This 
was  known  as  the  largest  garage  in  the  world  on  a  ground  floor, 
32,000  square  feet  of  floor  space.  It  is  reliably  recorded  tTiat  when 
Mr.  Dundas  began  his  business  in  Riverside  he  had  an  exact  capital 
of  three  hundred  nine  dollars.  The  corporation  of  which  he  is 
now  head  is  capitalized  at  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars 
and  has  about  fifty  thousand  dollars  in  dividends  to  date.  The 
company's  assets  today  are  about  $500,000. 

For  his  success  in  this  business  and  in  other  ways  automobile 
circles  credit  Mr.  Dundas  with  a  great  deal  of  deserved  prominence. 
He  is  the  oldest  Studebaker  dealer  in  Southern  California.  He  took 
the  Studebaker  automobile  agency  and  was  the  first  demonstrator 
of  that  car  and  brought  the  first  Studebaker  car  to  the  coast  by 
express.  For  one  year  he  was  president  of  the  Studebaker  Dealers 
Association  of  Southern  California.  In  early  days  Mr.  Dundas 
promoted  hill  climbs  by  autos  up  the  Box  Springs  grade.  He  has 
been  very  active  in  all  the  automobile  shows  and  races  of  Riverside 
and  in  Los  Angeles.  Mr.  Dundas  was  the  expert  who  repaired  the 
first  aeroplane  which  landed  in  Riverside  on  its  nose. 

He  is  a  stockholder  in  several  companies,  and  is  president  of  the 
Neuevo  Land  Company,  owning  about  five  thousand  acres  between 
Riverside  and  Ferris.  This  company  is  developing  this  tract  with  the 
planting  of  grape  vines,  peach,  apricot  and  other  deciduous  fruit  trees, 
and  selling  off  the  tract  in  small  lots.  It  is  situated  in  one  of  the 
best  deciduous  fruit  districts  in  California.  Six  big  wells  have  de- 
veloped water,  each  well  having  a  flowing  capacity  of  one  hundred 
inches. 

The  Glenwood  Mission  Garage  Company  also  owns  a  tract  of 
fifty  acres  at  8th  and  Gage  Canal,  with  seven  acres  in  lemons.  The 
company  also  owns  the  four-story,  eighty-four  room  Glenwood  Apart- 
ments at  722  South  Alvarado  Street. 

Mr.  Dundas  was  president  of  the  Riverside  County  Auto  Trades 
Association,  and  for  two  months  w-as  president  and  is  still  a  stock- 
holder in  the  Frazee  Film  Company.  He  is  a  former  director  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Riverside  Business  Men's  Association, 
Riverside  County  Fair  Association,  and  is  affiliated  with  Riverside 
Lodge  No.  643  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks  and  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  has  never  been  active 
politically. 

March  17,  1908,  at  Riverside  he  married  Miss  Estelle  Baker,  a 
native  of  Iowa  and  daughter  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Baker. 

Frederick  W.  Stalder  for  nearly  forty  years  has  been  one  of  the 
prominent  figures  in  the  development  of  the  country  and  the  business 
affairs  of  San  Bernardino  and  Riverside  counties.  He  and  his  brother 
A.  J.  Stalder  have  been  closely  associated  in  many  of  their  enterprises, 
which  are  briefly  described  in  the  sketch  of  A.  J.  Stalder. 

Frederick  W.  Stalder  was  born  October  9,  1863,  in  Southeastern 
Nebraska,  grew  up  and  received  his  public  school  education  there, 
and  his  life  was  that  of  a  farmer  until  1883  when  he  came  to  Cali- 
fornia. For  a  time  he  followed  different  occupations  at  Los  Angeles 
and  up  and  down  the  coast,  but  eventually  took  up  a  homestead  at 
Wineville.  Then  with  his  brother  A.  J.  Stalder  extensive  areas  were 
purchased  and  brought  under  cultivation  and  they  kept  their  large 
holdings  in  that  vicinity  selling  out  in  the  fall  of  1920. 


FREDERICK  W.  STALDER 


S.  Gordon  Stalder 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        891 

Many  diverse  interests  in  Riverside  County,  including  alfalfa 
ranching,  dairying,  automobile  business  and  others  have  been  jointly 
shared  in  by  Frederick  W.  Stalder  and  his  brother.  His  own  part 
in  this  fraternal  partnership  has  been  that  of  managing  the  farming 
interests,  a  line  of  work  in  which  he  has  taken  the  greatest  pleasure 
and  has  found  profitable  as  well.  He  is  one  of  the  owners  with  his 
brother  and  a  director  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Garage  at  Riverside, 
and  until  recently  was  one  of  the  directors  in  the  Riverside  Dairy 
Company. 

Mr.  Stalder  has  had  a  rather  prominent  and  leading  part  in  the 
democratic  politics  in  this  section  of  California,  though  his  business 
affairs  has  precluded  him  from  seeking  office.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Democratic  County  Central  Committee  in  San  Bernardino 
County,  and  was  a  leader  in  the  movement  for  the  creation  of  River- 
side out  of  original  San  Bernardino  County.  For  a  number  of  years 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is  affiliated  with 
the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  Independent  Order  of 
Odd  Fellows,  and  Present  Day  Club. 

In  October,  1892,  Mr.  Stalder  married  Miss  Mary  E.  Yount,  a 
native  daughter  of  California,  her  birthplace  being  Riverside.  Her 
father  was  Caleb  Yount.  Her  uncle  was  founder  of  Yountville,  known 
in  the  days  of  the  frontier  as  a  great  trapper  and  hunter,  and  at  one 
time  owned  a  large  part  of  the  Napa  Valley.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stalder 
have  six  children  :  Edna,  wife  of  Glenn  Starrit,  an  automobile  dealer 
at  Riverside:  Carlisle  who  is  in  the  tractor  business  at  Riverside; 
Leah,  wife  of  Ernest  L.  Yeager  of  Riverside;  Miss  Ona,  who  grad- 
uated in  1921  from  University  of  Southern  California  in  Los  Angeles ; 
Marvin,  a  member  of  the  class  of  1922  at  the  Riverside  High  School ; 
and  Kenneth,  in  the  Riverside  Grammar  School. 

Sydney  Gordon  Stalder  is  a  son  of  the  prominent  Riverside  capital- 
ist and  business  man,  Arnold  J.  Stalder.  Sydney  G.  Stalder  has  given 
his  time  and  energies  since  leaving  University  to  the  garage  business, 
and  is  one  of  the  active  executives  in  the  famous  Glenwood  Mission 
Garage  at  Riverside. 

He  was  born  at  Wineville,  California,  January  U,  1893,  and  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of  Riverside.  He 
was  graduated  from  Stanford  University  with  the  class  of  1913,  and  soon 
afterward  was  made  secretary  of  the  Glenwood  Mission  Garage,  in 
which  his  father  had  bought  a  half  interest  about  that  time.  This  garage 
has  the  largest  floor  space  of  any  similar  establishment  in  the  world  and 
does  an  immense  business.  It  is  a  $500,000  corporation,  having  been 
incorporated  in  1918  with  C.  A.  Dundas  as  president,  A.  J-  Stalder,  vice 
president,  S.  G.  Stalder.  secretary,  and  F.  E.  Bennet,  treasurer. 

On  November  11,  1914,  Sidney  G.  Stalder  married  Elizabeth  Frances 
Seaton,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  Her  father  was  the  late  George  H. 
Seaton,  formerly  prominent  in  the  lumber  business  at  Riverside.  Mr. 
Stalder  is  a  member  of  the  Universalist  Church  and  Mrs.  Stalder,  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  and  both  are  active  in  social  circles  in  Riverside. 
They  have  two  children,  Sydney  Louise,  born  February  11,  1916,  and 
Donald  Seaton,  born  February  2,  1919. 

Christi.\n  C.  Brinkmann — The  Kubidoux  Studio  at  714  Main  Street 
is  the  oldest  and  most  distinctive  of  the  jihotographic  studios  of  Riverside. 
Its  prestige  has  been  greatly  enhanced  since  it  came  under  the  active 
direction  and  control  of  Christian  C.  Brinkmann.  a  photographer  of  wide 
experience  both  in  America  and  abroad. 


892        SAN  BERNy\RDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Brinkmann  was  born  in  Hanover,  Germany,  August  30,  1869,. 
His  father  was  a  carpenter  by  trade.  The  son  Christian  completed  his 
worii  in  the  common  schools  and  high  school  of  Germany,  and  in  1888, 
as  a  young  man  of  nineteen,  became  an  apprentice  in  the  photographic  art 
at  Hanover.  He  first  came  to  the  United  States  in  1891,  and  was  at 
Chicago  until  after  the  World's  Fair.  He  then  returned  to  Germany,  and 
for  several  years  was  an  instructor  in  photography  in  the  Art  School 
of  Hanover. 

In  1905  Mr.  Brinkmann  took  charge  of  a  large  studio  at  Mexico  City. 
President  Diaz  and  all  the  notables  of  Mexico  of  that  day  had  sittings 
in  his  studio,  and  he  enjoyed  a  very  profitable  business  and  extensive 
clientele  there  for  five  years. 

In  1910,  Mr.  Brinkmann  decided  to  come  to  California,  and  after  a 
few  days  in  Los  Angeles  reached  Riverside.  He  then  bought  the  studio 
of  Charles  Heath,  and  this  has  since  been  the  Rubidoux  Studio,  to  which 
he  has  given  a  complete  equipment  of  modern  appliances  and  has  made  it 
representative  of  the  best  scientific  knowledge  and  discoveries  of  the  art. 
He  does  landscape  and  enlargement  work.  The  oldest  studio  in  Riverside 
and  one  of  the  oldest  in  Southern  California,  located  in  the  same  place 
for  over  thirty  years,  Mr.  Brinkmann  has  added  greatly  to  its  prestige 
and  is  a  thorough  artist  in  everything  he  does. 

Mr.  Brinkman  is  a  republican  voter.  In  Hanover,  Germany,  November 
16,  1897,  he  married  Elizabeth  Heimsoth,  a  native  of  Berlin,  daughter  of 
Heinrich  Heimsoth.  They  have  three  children  :  Heinrich,  Edith,  wife  of 
Glenn  D.  Watkins,   of   Los  Angeles,   and  Gerhard,  born  in   1916. 

His  son  Heinrich  Brinkmann  is  a  young  man  of  very  brilHant  attain- 
ments. When  he  came  to  Riverside  in  1910  he  did  not  have  the  command 
of  a  word  of  English,  yet  he  entered  the  eighth  grade  and  five  years  later 
graduated  from  the  high  school,  class  of  1915.  After  a  year  of  em- 
ployment at  Tetley's  Hotel  he  entered  Stanford  University,  graduating 
in  1920.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Student  Military  organization  through- 
out the  World  war.  In  his  university  career  he  exhibited  remarkable 
talent  in  mathematics,  and  during  his  senior  year  was  an  assistant  in 
the  University  and  was  on  the  regular  statif  of  instructors  of  Stanford 
University.  He  is  now  an  instructor  of  mathematics  at  Harvard  Uni- 
versity. 

Edgar  Robert  Skelley,  a  retired  business  man  of  Riverside,  was 
one  of  the  pioneer  fruit  packers  of  California,  and  for  a  long  period  of 
years  was  indentified  with  organizations  that  still  exist  under  other  names 
and  continue  a  large  part  of  the  packing  and  canning  industry  on  the 
Coast. 

Mr.  Skelley  was  born  in  Dewitt,  Missouri.  October  13.  1846.  His 
father.  Robert  Skelley,  who  died  in  1848,  was  for  the  greater  part  of  his 
life  identified  with  farming  at  Beamsville,  Ontario.  The  mother  of  Edgar 
R.  Skelley  was  Sarah  (Corvvin)  Skelley,  of  Irish  and  English  ancestry. 

Edgar  R.  Skelley  grew  up  in  Canada,  where  he  attended  grammar 
and  high  school.  As  a  boy  he  served  in  the  Canadian  Militia  during  the 
Fenian  troubles.  While  living  in  the  East  he  had  .some  experience  in 
strawberry  culture,  and  also  in  the  mercantile  business. 

Mr.  Skelley  came  to  California  in  the  spring  of  1882,  locating  in  San 
Bernardino  County,  at  Lugonia,  near  Redlands,  where  he  purchsed  and 
conducted  a  fruit  ranch  of  sixty  acres,  oranges  and  deciduous  fruits. 
In  December,  1884,  he  engaged  in  the  fruit  shipping  business  with 
W.  M.  Griffin,  of  San  I'^rancisco.  already  well  known  in  Riverside,  under 


SAX  RKRXARniXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         893 

the  firiii  name  of  GiiiTin  i1  Skelley  Company,  fruit  packers  and  shippers. 
In  August,  1895,  Mr.  Skcilcy  retired  from  the  company,  though  permitting 
the  firm  to  continue  the  use  of  his  name.  This  company  hy  its  substantial 
siiipments  became  well  known  all  over  the  United  States.  A  few  years 
ago  a  number  of  packing  companies,  including  the  Griffin-Skelley  Com- 
pany, joined  together  as  the  California  Packing  Corporation,  with  branches 
all  over  California.  This  corporation  now  controls  a  large  part  of  the  fruit, 
raisin  and  canning  industry. 

On  his  retirement  from  business  Mr.  Skelley  .sold  a  large  part  of  his 
fruit  ranches,  retaining  about  twenty  acres  on  the  east  side  of  Riverside. 
He  personally  planted  the  orange  trees  on  this  land.  This  grove  is  now  con- 
ducted by  his  son.  Mr.  Skelley  has  never  been  active  in  politics.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is  devoted  to  every 
good  interest  of  his  community.    He  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 

In  1880,  in  Canada,  he  married  Marie  Louise  Romaine,  a  native  of 
Canada  and  daughter  of  Francis  and  Anne  (Chisholm)  Romaine.  Her 
mother  was  born  in  Inverness,  Scotland.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Skelley  have 
had  three  sons,  only  one  of  whom  is  now  living.  This  son,  Robert 
Douglas,  conducts  the  ranch  on  the  east  side,  is  a  mining  engineer  by 
profession  and  a  graduate  of  Harvard  University.  He  married  Miss 
Constance  Beveridge,  of  Fresno,  and  has  three  children,  Jane,  Robert 
and  Kathleen. 

Cassius  C.  Pond,  pioneer  grower  and  real  estate  man  of  Riverside,  has 
a  genuine  aptitude  for  both  occupations,  as  he  has  proved  by  his  work  in 
them.  His  first  work  here  showed  him  the  splendid  promise  held  forth  in 
each  of  them  and  he  went  into  both  lines  with  a  fixity  of  purpose  which 
had  won  him  success.  He  is  an  example  also  of  efficient  citizenship,  large 
minded,  with  liberal  views,  and  he  is  closely  identified  with  all  progressive 
movements. 

Mr.  Pond  had  the  advantage  of  coming  to  Riverside  in  his  early  man- 
hood, coming  from  Indiana,  where  he  was  born  March  8,  1857.  He  is  the 
son  of  T.  H.  Pond,  also  a  native  of  Indiana,  who  was  a  farmer  and  tanner. 
He  was  English  ancestry,  the  family  dating  back  in  this  country  to  the 
Revolution.  His  grandfather  was  a  pioneer  of  Indiana  and  traveled  much 
with  George  W.  Campbell,  the  Evangelist  singer,  also  taking  an  important 
part  in  that  state  and  doing  active  part  in  church  work.  While  he  was 
a  religious  worker,  he  also  possessed  fighting  blood,  for  when  he  was  only 
twelve  years  of  age  he  ran  away  from  home  to  take  part  in  the  War  of 
1812,  but,  of  course,  he  was  sent  home.    He  died  in  Indiana. 

C.  C.  Pond  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  state 
and  then  engaged  in  farming,  staying  with  it  until  he  was  thirty  years 
old,  when  he  came  to  California,  reaching  Riverside  in  the  spring  of  1887. 
He  first  had  charge  of  the  water  for  the  Riverside  Water  Company 
from  the  old  Arlington  Drive  at  the  head  of  Magnolia  Avenue  to  the 
head  of  Temecula  Wash.  He  remained  in  this  for  seven  and  a  half 
years,  leaving  it  to  go  into  general  ranching.  He  planted  an  orange 
grove  at  Arlington,  living  there  sixteen  years,  at  one  time  being  extensively 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.  When  he  went  to  Arlington  there  were 
only  two  houses  there.  Later  on  the  lure  of  Riverside  brought  him  into 
town  and  he  sold  his  property  there,  engaging  in  the  real  estate  business 
here  and  following  that  business  ever  since.  Mr.  Pond  will  probably  never 
give  up  his  love  of  ranching  though,  for  he  is  always  engaged  in  it  in  some 
manner.  Just  now  he  has  about  thirty-five  acres  in  oranges.  He  was 
at  first  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business  with  J.  A.  King,  but  afterwards 
the  firm  was  composed  of  his  son  and  himself.    In  1916,  when  the  Realty 


894        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Exchange  was  organized,  J.  S.  Wagner  was  taken  in  as  a  partner.  Mr. 
Pond  has  probably  handled  as  much  real  estate  as  any  other  dealer  in  the 
coimtry,  and  he  knows  the  real  estate  of  this  district  from  Alplia  to 
Omega.  Eor  a  number  of  years  he  dealt  extensively  in  San  Bernardino 
property  and  for  three  or  four  years  also  operated  around  the  town  of 
Bioomington  and  Rialto,  practically  .selling  the  first  named  town.  He 
has  never  taken  an  active  part  in  politics  and  has  never  sought  political 
preferment.    He  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Pioneer  Society. 

]\Ir.  Pond  married  in  1879  Ina  L.  Miller,  a  daughter  of  John  Miller, 
of  Indiana.  They  have  the  following  children:  Edward  E.  Pond,  who  is 
head  of  the  Fairbanks,  Morse  Machinery  Works  of  Los  Angeles;  B.  H. 
Pond,  born  in  Riverside,  November  6,  1888,  on  the  birthday  of  Benjamin 
Harrison,  and  associated  with  his  father  in  business ;  Miss  \\'ilna  F.  Pond, 
a  native  of  Riverside  and  .secretary  of  the  Fisk  Rubber  Tire  Company 
of  Riverside ;  Claude  C.  Pond,  a  native  of  Riverside,  engaged  in  the 
automobile  business  in  Los  Angeles ;  and  Dorris,  a  native  of  Riverside, 
v.ife  of  Franklin  Kent,  of  Long  Beach,  California. 

W  iLLiAM  .\ND  Fred  Copley — The  two  brothers,  William  and  Fred 
Copley,  contractors  in  plumbing,  heating  and  sheet  metal  work,  are 
numbered  among  the  most  dependable  and  successful  business  men  of 
Riverside,  and  this  enviable  position  has  been  gained  through  individual 
merit  and  reliable  methods.  They  came  to  the  United  States  from 
Canada  in  the  late  '80s,  locating  at  Riverside,  and  while  they  have  de- 
voted themselves  in  large  measure  to  their  business,  they  have  been 
ready  and  eiifective  supporters  of  those  measures  which  have  for  their 
object  the  betterment  of  the  community.  At  the  same  time  they  have 
evinced  a  willingness  to  lend  a  helping  hand  to  those  less  fortunate  than 
ihey,  and  have  always  been  a  constructive  element  at  Riverside. 

Their  father,  Robert  Copley,  was  born  in  England,  but  in  young  man- 
hood came  to  Canada,  where  he  worked  as  a  carpenter,  at  one  time  being 
employed  in  the  bridge  construction  work  between  London,  Ontario, 
Canada,  and  Niagara  Falls,  New  York,  and  lived  to  see  the  original 
structure  of  wood  replaced  by  the  present  magnificent  structure  of  steel. 
In  1888  he  came  from  Ontario.Canada,  to  Riverside,  California,  following 
his  elder  son,  who  had  settled  in  this  city  in  1887.  Here  he  continued  to 
work  at  his  trade  until  his  death  in  1897,  at  the  age  of  sixty-three  years. 
His  wife  bore  the  maiden  name  of  Mary  May,  and  she  too  was  born 
in  England.  Mrs.  Copley  survives  her  husband,  being  now  eighty-four 
\ears  old,  and  resides  at  Riverside. 

William  Copley  was  born  at  Paris,  Ontario,  Canada,  November  22, 
1860.  After  completing  his  studies  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
])lace  he  began  to  learn  the  sheet  metal  business,  completing  his  apprentice- 
ship at  London,  Ontario,  where  he  continued  to  work  at  his  trade  until 
1887.  In  the  latter  year  he  located  at  Riverside,  and  for  a  year  was  in  the 
employ  of  Alfred  Woods,  leaving  him  to  go  with  A.  Fleck  &  Ormand. 
For  the  subsequent  thirteen  years  he  was  employed  by  the  latter  firm,  and 
then,  in  1901,  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  his  brother,  Fred  Copley, 
under  the  name  of  Copley  Brothers.  The  firm  has  done  a  large  business 
in  the  city  and  vicinity  as  contractors  of  plumbing,  heating  and  sheet 
metal  work,  at  one  time  giving  .steady  employment  to  fourteen  men. 
Success  attended  the  brothers  from  the  beginning,  and  they  have  become 
men  of  means.  Having  accumulated  a  fair  portion  of  this  world's  goods, 
they  decided  to  voluntarily  cut  down  their  business  so  as  to  be  able  to 
secure  some  leisure  for  the  proper  enjoyment  of  life.  They  erected  and 
own  a  two-story  brick  business  block  at  957  Main  Street,  and  purchased 


WaUuMJUU      i)0^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         895 

the  two-story  brick  block  they  occupy  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  and  Main 
streets.  They  own  and  conduct  a  eucalyptus  grove  at  Bloomington, 
California,  a  grain  ranch  in  the  Ferris  Valley,  and  an  orange  grove  on 
Victoria  Avenue,  Riverside,  besides  their  own  homes. 

On  March  24,  1898,  William  Copley  married  Miss  Jessie  Rouse,  a 
native  of  Michigan  and  a  daughter  of  Frank  Rouse.  One  of  her  brothers 
is  C.  A.  Rouse,  of  San  Bernardino,  and  he  has  served  as  sherif?  of  San 
Bernardino  County.  Mrs.  Copley  comes  from  an  old  American  family 
of  Rochester,  New  York,  of  French  descent  on  her  father's  side  and  of 
Welsh-English  on  her  mother's  side.  She  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal 
Church.  Mr.  Copley  belongs  to  the  Business  Men's  Association  and 
the  Odd  Fellows,  but  finds  his  greatest  happiness  in  his  home. 

Fred  Copley  was  born  at  Paris,  Ontario,  Canada,  September  9,  1870, 
and  completed  his  studies  in  the  Riverside  public  schools.  After  he  left 
school  he  began  his  apprenticeship  to  the  plumbing  trade  with  Patton  & 
McLeod,  and  worked  as  a  journeyman  for  some  years  before  he  formed 
his  present  partnership  with  his  brother.  Fraternally  he  is  a  past  patriarch 
and  a  trustee  of  the  Odd  Fellows ;  secretary  of  the  Foresters,  and  is 
past  commander  of  the  Knights  of  the  Maccabees. 

During  the  late  war  both  brothers  gave  liberally  to  all  of  the  war 
funds,  and  subscribed  to  their  full  limit  to  the  bond  issues.  Politically  both 
are  democrats,  but  neither  have  been  active  or  sought  public  honors. 

On  May  11,  1893,  Fred  Copley  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss 
Katie  Buckley,  a  native  of  Illinois,  and  a  daughter  of  H.  D.  Buckley,  now 
a  resident  of  Riverside. 

The  brothers  have  three  sisters  and  a  brother,  namely :  Dr.  Harry 
Copley,  a  practicing  dentist  of  JoHet,  Illinois;  Mary,  wife  of  Harry 
Bickle,  who  conducts  an  orange  grove  and  chicken  ranch  on  Victoria 
Avenue;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  J.  R.  White,  an  orange  grower  residing  at 
Twelfth  and  Orange  streets,  Riverside ;  and  Emma,  who  is  a  resident  of 
Prescott,  Arizona,  all  of  whom  are  highly  regarded  in  their  several  com- 
munities. 

Homer  Stephknson,  a  retired  orange  grower  at  Riverside,  has  all  the 
marks  and  experiences  of  a  true  American  pioneer.  He  was  a  soldier  of 
the  war  that  cemented  the  union  of  states.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  Kansas, 
where  he  farmed  and  ranched  for  over  twenty  years.  Nearly  thirty  years 
ago  he  came  to  Southern  California,  and  until  recently  had  the  congenial 
and  profitable  employment  of  an  orange  grower. 

Mr.  Stephenson  was  born  at  Kinsman,  Trumbull  County,  Ohio,  in  the 
Western  Reserve,  March  27,  1844,  a  son  of  Decatur  and  Phoebe  M. 
(  Webb)  Stephenson,  the  former  a  native  of  New  York  State  and  the  latter 
of  Connecticut.  Phoebe  Webb's  father  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary 
war.  Decatur  Stephenson  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  and,  though  well 
advanced  in  years,  volunteered  his  services  during  the  Civil  war  in 
Company  D  of  the  6th  Ohio  Cavalry.  He  was  with  that  command 
while  his  son  Homer  was  in  Company  B  of  the  105th  Ohio  Infantry. 
Father  and  son  met  for  the  first  time  after  peace  had  been  declared  at 
a  place  called  Manchester,  near  Richmond,  Virginia,  as  they  were  marching 
to  Washington,  where,  following  the  Grand  Review,  they  were  again 
united. 

Homer  Stephenson  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  Ohio.  He  was  seventeen  when  the  war  broke  out,  and  in  August, 
1862,  enlisted  and  was  in  almost  constant  fighting  and  campaigning  until 
the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  under  Generals  Rosecrans,  Thomas,  Slocum 
and  Sherman  and  was  in  the  March  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea.     Of  all  the 


896         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

many  battles  in  which  he  participated  the  one  that  stands  out  in  his 
memory  as  the  severest  ordeal  was  the  sanguinary  engagcinent  at  Perry- 
ville,  Kentucky,  in  the  fall  of  1862,  when  twenty-three  per  cent  of  the 
command  to  which  he  was  attached  were  either  killed  or  wounded  in  a 
comparatively  few  minutes.  He  was  in  the  almost  daily  fighting  of  the 
Atlanta  compaign  for  four  months,  until  reaching  Jonesboro,  after  which 
his  regiment  was  with  the  Federal  troops  that  pursued  Hood  almost  to 
Chattanooga.  At  one  time  he  was  with  the  Union  soldiers  pursuing  Gen- 
eral Morgan  and  his  raiders,  Morgan  being  mounted  while  the  Union 
troops  were  on  foot.  Morgan  tried  to  capture  the  brigade  in  which 
Mr.  Stephenson  was  a  member  at  Milton  Hill  near  Murfreesboro,  but 
failed  after  three  charges.  The  surrender  at  Appomattox  occurred  while 
Mr.  Stephenson  was  in  North  Carolina  while  marching  through  North 
and  South  Carolina  and  Virginia  to  Washington. 

When  the  war  was  over  he  took  steps  to  round  out  his  education, 
and  for  three  years  studied  at  the  Normal  Institute  at  Orwell  in  Ashtabula 
County,  Ohio.  Then,  returning  to  Trumbull  County,  he  taught  school  and 
in  1869  moved  to  Illinois  and  taught  for  a  year  near  Aurora. 

It  was  in  1871  that  Mr.  Stephenson  moved  to  Sedgwick  County,  Kan- 
sas, not  far  from  Wichita,  where  he  was  identified  with  some  of  the  first 
farming  development  in  what  had  hitherto  been  a  cattle  range.  He  took 
up  a  homestead  claim  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  and  he  also  taught 
school  for  five  years  in  a  pioneer  Kansas  schoolhouse.  He  soon  added 
to  his  homestead,  by  purchase,  two  hundred  and  forty  acres  of  railroad 
land,  and  engaged  in  stock  raising  on  an  extensive  scale,  feeding  his 
farm  products  to  his  stock.  He  was  instrumental  in  having  his  father 
and  mother  come  to  Kansas.  There  were  countless  hardships  and  adversi- 
ties that  beset  such  Kansas  pioneers  as  Mr.  Stephenson,  but  he  persisted 
in  the  struggle  and  came  through  the  hard  years,  developing  a  fine  farm 
of  between  four  hundred  and  five  hunderd  acres,  raising  horses,  cattle 
and  hogs.  He  was  on  the  site  of  Newton,  Kansas,  and  saw  the  first  lumber 
hauled  in  there  to  start  building. 

Mr.  Stephenson  in  1893  rented  his  Kansas  farm  in  order  to  take  a 
vacation.  He  intended  to  return  and  continue  farming.  A  few  months 
in  California  turned  all  his  enthusiasms  to  the  Golden  State,  and  he 
determined  no  longer  to  endure  the  hard  winters  and  blizzards  of  the 
Middle  West.  Selling  his  Kansas  property,  he  has  since  kept  all  his 
capital  employed  in  Riverside  County.  Only  a  few  years  ago  the  house 
and  barn  on  his  farm  in  Kansas  was  destroyed  by  a  cyclone  and  nothing 
was  left  of  the  big  twelve  room  house  excepting  the  flooring. 

Mr.  Stephenson  in  1893  bought  a  five  acre  orange  grove  on  Indianapolis 
Avenue.  Later  he  added  ten  acres  more,  but  eventually  traded  this  and 
bought  a  grove  near  Highgrove.  This  was  the  scene  of  his  labors  as  an 
orange  grower  until  recently,  when  he  turned  over  the  fifteen  and  a  half 
acres  of  oranges  to  the  management  of  his  son  Morgan.  While  managing 
his  grove  Mr.  Stephenson  shipped  his  fruit  .sometimes  independently 
but  chiefly  through  the  Le  Mesa  Packing  House  and  the  Highgrove 
Exchange. 

Mr.  Stephenson  is  a  past  commander  and  the  present  chaplain  of 
Riverside  Post  No.  118,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Official  Board  of  the  First  Methodist  Church  and  is  a  republican 
voter.  May  18,  1876,  in  Harvey  County,  Kansas,  he  married  Miss  Dora 
Morgan,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  English 
ancestry.  Her  father  Monforth  Morgan,  was  a  Kansas  pioneer.  Mrs. 
Stephenson's  mother  was  Rebecca  Kelly  (Mulford)  Morgan,  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania.      Mr.   and   Mrs.    Stephenson   became    the   parents   of    ten 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'ERSIDE  COUNTIES         897 

children,  eight  of  whom  arc  h'ving.  Stella  is  the  wife  of  W.  \V.  Ayers, 
of  Highgrove,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  four  children  :  Decatur  E.,  con- 
nected with  the  Riverside  cement  plant,  married  Pearl  Andrews,  of  River- 
side, and  they  have  a  family  of  seven  daughters  and  one  son.  At  the  present 
writing  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stephenson  have  altogether  a  group  of  twenty-two 
grandchildren.  The  third  of  their  children,  Laura  A.,  is  the  wife  of 
ClilTord  Stocking,  of  Santa  Cruz,  and  is  the  mother  of  four  sons.  Homer 
Bruce  Stephenson,  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley 
and  now  taking  a  special  course  in  hee  culture  at  Ontario,  was  a  captain 
in  the  constabulary  in  the  Philippines  after  the  Spanish-American  war, 
was  a  major  during  the  Mexico  border  troubles  along  the  Rio  Grande  in 
Texas,  and  in  the  recent  war  served  at  Camp  Fremont  and  Camp  Kearney. 
He  married  Miss  Madge  Spencer,  of  Berkeley.  Morgan  Stephenson,  who 
now  has  the  active  management  of  the  Stephenson  orange  groves  at 
Highgrove,  married  Corol  Crane,  of  Riverside,  and  they  have  a  family 
of  two  daughters  and  one  son.  Lillian  is  the  wife  of  Frank  Boileau,  of 
Pomona,  and  is  the  mother  of  a  son  and  daughter.  Beulah  has  a  daughter 
by  her  marriage  to  Harry  Bartee.  now  resident  of  Long  Reach,  who 
enlisted  from  Riverside  and  as  a  musician  was  with  the  American  Expedi- 
tionary Forres  in  France.  The  youngest  of  the  family,  Gladys  I\L,  is  a 
member  of  the  class  of  1922  in  the  Junior  Colle.ge  at  Riverside. 

F"rank  C.  Nye,  native  of  Iowa,  was  for  several  years  prominent 
in  the  theatrical  business  in  Southern  California,  but  is  best  known 
as  a  realtor,  being  proprietor  of  the  Frank  C.  Nye  Company,  an  organiza- 
tion specializing  in  the  handling  of  residence  property. 

Mr.  Nye  was  born  at  Marion,  Linn  County,  Iowa,  on  March  19,  1886. 
His  father,  Charles  L.  Nye,  was  born  in  Minnesota,  but  later  removed 
to  Iowa,  where  for  many  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business. 
After  spending  several  winters  in  Southern  California,  in  about  1903 
the  family  removed  to  the  state  to  live  permanently. 

F"rank  C.  Nye  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  at  Marion,  Iowa, 
graduating  from  the  -Marion  High  School  in  1903.  For  several  winters 
he  attended  the  Belmont  Military  School  at  Belmont  California,  graduating 
from  there  in  1904.  In  1905  he  completed  his  preparatory  schooling  at 
the  Riverside  High  Scool,  entering  the  Leland  Stanford  University  with 
the  class  of  1909,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the  Theta  Delta  Chi  Fra- 
ternity. 

In  1908  he  entered  business  in  Riverside,  taking  over  the  management 
of  the  Loring  Opera  House  Company.  Through  this  association  he 
entered  the  theatrical  business,  first  leasing  the  Loring  Theatre  in 
Riverside,  which  was  operated  under  his  management  for  several  years. 
Retaining  the  management  of  this  theatre,  Mr.  Nye  removed  to  Santa 
Barbara,  where  he  had  secured  a  lease  on  the  Potter  Theatre  in  that  city, 
later  taking  over  the  lease  of  the  Santa  Barbara  Opera  House  as  well. 
In  1912  Mr.  Nye  secured  an  interest  in  the  Wyatt  Theatre  at  Redlands, 
but  disposed  of  his  theatrical  holdings  before  taking  the  active  manage- 
ment of  this  theatre. 

His  first  active  association  with  the  real  estate  business  was  in  San 
Francisco  and  Oakland,  but  since  1914  he  has  been  located  at  Riverside. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Nye  &  Knight  Company,  which  on  consolidating 
with  the  Mead  Realty  Company  became  known  as  the  Riverside  Realty 
Company,  Incorporated.  Early  in  1921  Mr.  Nye  severed  his  connections 
with  this  Company  in  order  to  form  a  company  operating  under  his  own 
name,  to  specialize  exclusively  in  the  handling  of  residence  properties. 
Mr.  Nye  has  for  the  past  four  years  been  a  director  of  the  California 


898         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Real  Estate  Association,  is  a  member  of  the  board  of  the  National  Real 
Estate  Association  and  has  served  three  times  as  president  of  the  River- 
side Realty  Board. 

iJuring  the  World  war  all  his  resources  were  at  the  disposal  of  the 
(government  and  patriotic  movements.  He  was  a  member  of  the  local 
War  Council,  was  a  leader  in  every  local  campaign  and  also  served  as 
second  lieutenant  in  the  16th  separate  company  of  the  California  National 
Ciuard  until  the  signing  of  the  armistice. 

Mr.  Nye  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Rotary  Club  of  Riverside,  having 
served  two  times  as  secretary  of  the  club.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce.  Present  Day  Club  and  the  Victoria  Club,  and  is 
atifiliated  with  the  republican  party.  He  was  formerly  a  member  of  the 
Riverside  School  Board. 

On  February  25,  1909,  at  Riverside,  he  married  Miss  Alexina  Adair, 
a  daughter  of  A.  Aird  Adair,  a  prominent  attorney  of  Riverside.  They 
have  two  children,  Frank  Adair  and  Mary  Elizabeth. 

D.wiD  G.  Mitchell,  county  treasurer  of  Riverside  County  since  its 
inception,  has  proved  his  fitness  for  the  position  by  that  very  fact.  He 
has  as  steward  of  the  county's  wealth,  been  as  impregnable  as  the  Rock 
of  Ciibraltar,  the  driving  wheel  of  the  financial  machine  of  the  county, 
which  has  never  slipped  a  cog.  It  is  surely  a  record  of  which  to  be  proud, 
but  he  had  proved  his  manhood  before  he  came  to  California,  having 
been  one  of  the  youngest  soldiers  of  the  Union  and  actively  engaged  in 
many  battles.  He  is  also  a  pioneer  and  has  been  a  vital  factor  in  both 
civic  and  political  life  here. 

Mr.  Mitchell  was  born  in  Erie  County,  Pennsylvania,  July  3,  1846, 
the  .son  of  Richard  and  Sophia  (Bailey)  Mitchell.  His  father  was  a 
native  of  New  York  and  was  engaged  in  the  cooperage  business.  He 
came  of  Revolutionary  stock,  as  did  his  wife. 

D.  G.  Mitchell  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  birthplace 
from  six  to  fifteen  years  of  age.  when  he  left  school  and  enlisted  in  Com- 
|)any  C.  111th  Pennsylvania  Infantry.  He  served  the  time  of  his  enlist- 
ment, December  12,  1861,  to  December,  1864.  As  soon  as  mustered  out 
he  re-enlisted,  being  assigned  to  Company  M,  102d,  Pennsylvania  Veteran 
\'olunteer  Regiment.  When  he  was  honorably  discharged,  July  3,  1865, 
it  was  his  birthday  and  he  was  nineteen  years  old 

He  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  the  battle  of  Gettysburg 
and  after  that  the  11th  and  12th  Corps  were  sent  into  the  Western  Army, 
forming  the  20th  Corps.  He  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Gettysburg, 
Cedar  Mount,  Virginia,  the  Battle  of  Atlanta,  Gulps  Hill,  all  through 
Georgia,  then,  in  the  Western  Army,  he  participated  in  the  battles  of 
Wanhatchie.  Tennessee.  Lookout  Mountain,  Missionary  Ridge,  Ringgold 
Gay,  Taylor's  Ridge.  Rocky  Fall  Ridge.  Reseca.  New  Hope  Church, 
Dallas,  Altoona  Hills,  Marietta  and  Kenesaw  Mountain.  He  came  out 
a  mere  boy  but  a  seasoned  veteran  when  he  was  honorably  discharged. 

His  first  position  was  in  the  bridge  department  of  the  Erie  &  Pittf>- 
burg  Railway  Company,  where  he  remained  to  the  fall  of  1870.  Then 
he  was  for  six  months  in  a  store  in  Rockford,  Illinois,  and  from  there 
he  went  to  Fayette,  Iowa,  where  he  farmed  for  about  a  year.  He  then 
took  charge  of  a  construction  gang  for  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul 
Railway  Company.  He  returned  then  to  Rockford,  Illinois,  and  opened 
the  first  steam  laundry  there.  In  the  year  of  1886  he  came  to  California, 
locating  at  once  in  Riverside  County,  where  he  has  lived  ever  since. 

He  located  at  Perris.  where  he  engaged  in  ranching.  He  lived  there 
until  1893.     That  was  the  year  that  Riverside  County  was  created,  and 


.Jt^Jy^^^u-tz^ 


SAN  BKRXARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         899 

Mr.  Mitchell  took  an  active  part  in  the  work  of  organization  and  in  all 
the  many  details.  lie  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  one  of  the  five 
commissioners  to  complete  the  organization  and  bring  it  to  perfection.  He 
was  chosen  secretary  of  the  board,  and  when  the  duties  of  that  office  ended 
he  had  so  proven  his  ability  that  he  was  elected  county  treasurer  when 
the  county  commenced  housekeeping,  and  he  has  been  treasurer  ever  since, 
the  election  takmg  piace  in  June,  189^ 

Mr.  Mitchell  is,  of  course,  a  member  of  the  '^.  A.  R.,  Riverside  Post 
No.  118.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks,  Riverside  Lodge  No.  643 ;  of  the  Knights  Templar  Commandery  of 
Riverside;  of  Al  Malaikah  Tem])le,  Los  Angeles;  of  the  junior  '^)rder 
United  American  Mechanics,  which  he  has  served  as  state  counsellor  a:'-l 
has  represented  at  the  State  Organization  Convention  held  in  Detroit, 
Michigan,  in  1910.  He  is  a  republican,  and  has  served  his  party  on  the 
County  Central  Committee  and  has  represented  it  as  delegate  to  both 
county  and  state  conventions.  He  is  affiliated  with  the  Congregational 
Church,  which  he  has  served  as  a  deacon  for  sixteen  years. 

Mr.  Mitchell  married  at  Forestville,  New  York,  Miss  Harriet  Godfrey, 
of  that  city,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  They  have  had  five  children,  four 
sons  and  one  daughter,  Harry  E.,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  connected 
with  the  Sherman  Institute ;  Frank  E.,  a  native  of  Iowa,  in  Geneva, 
Illinois;  Claude  \\'.,  of  Berkeley,  California,  Richard  Ray,  road  building 
for  the  Government  in  Idaho,  and  Alice  M.,  a  deputy  in  the  treasurer's 
office,  all  natives  of  Illinois.  Claude  W.  and  Richard  Ray  are  graduates 
of  the  University  of  California.  Miss  Alice  M.  is  a  graduate  of  the  River- 
side High  School. 

John  Andreson,  Sr.,  a  prominent  business  man  and  capitalist  of  San 
Bernardino,  passed  away  a  number  of  years  ago,  but  he  is  remembered, 
and  will  be  in  the  years  to  come,  as  one  of  the  most  progressive,  altruis- 
tic and  worth-while  citizens  of  the  pioneer  period.  He  did  not  make  it 
his  home  from  previous  contemplation,  but  when  he  did  see  it  he  re- 
linquished all  other  plans  and  became  a  loyal  resident.  From  his  first 
residence  he  showed  his  faith  in  it  by  purchase  of  a  home  and  a  business, 
and  later  on  he  built  more  pretentious  business  buildings  and  hotels,  and 
always  he  worked  individually  for  the  best  interests  of  the  city,  and  much 
of  her  progress  and  improvement  is  due  to  his  efforts  and  his  money. 
He  wanted  the  best  of  everything  for  his  adopted  home  just  as  he  did  for 
himself,  for  he  erected  the  best  of  buildings  and  nothing  but  the  best 
ever  satisfied  him  in  work  for  the  commonwealth  and  for  himself.  He 
wanted  an  unhampered  development  of  the  city  and  he  succeeded  in  many 
of  his  plans,  practically  in  all,  for  the  word  failure  seemed  to  have  been 
eliminated  from  his  vocabulary.  His  public  record  speaks  for  him  now 
as  in  the  time  to  come  and  is  worthy  of  chronicle. 

Life  was  not  always  smooth  and  easy  for  Mr.  Andreson,  for  he  made 
his  own  way  in  the  world,  but  his  path  always  led  upward,  each  enter- 
prise a  stepping  stone  to  something  higher,  something  better.  Born  in 
another  country,  he  was  one  of  the  most  patriotic  of  citizens,  loyal  to  the 
land  of  his  adoption  and  its  flag.  He  came  from  Denmark,  which  has 
given  so  many  sturdy  men  to  America,  when  a  young  man,  and  America 
is  the  better  for  his  coming. 

Mr.  Andreson  served  his  city  and  county  in  public  office  many  times, 
most  satisfactorily,  as  well  as  the  state,  but  he  was  not  overly  fond  of 
official  life  and  only  accepted  such  positions  when  he  thought  it  was 
his  duty.  A  follower  of  the  sea  in  early  life,  indoor  confinement  and  de- 
tail irked  him.     He  led  an  interesting  life,  first  the  sea,  then  the  life  of  a 


900        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'ERSIDE  COL'N'llES 

prospector  in  llie  really  "«'ild  and  woolly"  da3S,  and  then  the  adventures 
of  pioneering  in  the  making  of  a  city. 

Mr.  Andreson  was  born  in  Schleswig  Holstein,  Dominion  of  Den- 
mark, January  28th,  1834,  and  came  to  South  America  as  a  cabin  boy 
in  1850  on  a  sailing  vessel  around  Cape  Horn.  He  landed  on  Peruvian 
Guano  Islands,  where  they  loaded  and  remained  a  short  time,  then  went 
to  Liverpool,  England.  He  came  back  again  in  1852,  on  the  same  boat, 
and  spent  six  months  in  the  Argentine  Republic  and  then  came  to  Cali- 
fornia, around  the  Horn.  He  was  a  seafaring  man  along  the  coast  for 
many  years,  owning  vessels  in  San  Francisco  Bay.  He  also  ran  a  river 
boat  up  the  Sacramento,  engaged  in  the  grain  business. 

In  1861  he  started  a  grocery  business  in  San  Francisco,  but  the  oc- 
cupation was  too  sedentary  for  him  and  he  could  not  stand  its  confine- 
ment, so  in  1863  he  sold  out  and  went  to  Arizona,  mining  and  prospecting 
for  several  years.  He  next  went  to  La  Paz,  Arizona,  and  with  a  practical 
brewer  he  started  a  brewery  there  which  was  very  successful,  accumu- 
lating what  was  considered  in  those  days  quite  a  fortune,  mostly  in  gold 
dust.  He  returned  to  California  in  1871,  intending  to  settle  in  San 
Francisco,  but  he  stopped  in  San  Bernardino  on  his  way,  and  went  no 
farther. 

His  first  act  was  to  buy  an  acre  of  land  on  the  northwest  corner  of 
Third  and  E  streets,  on  which  was  a  small  brewery.  He  enlarged  the 
plant  to  a  thirty  barrel  daily  capacity  and  ran  it  until  1884,  when  he  sold 
out  his  interest  in  the  brewery.  He  had  in  the  meantime  erected  a  brick 
block  on  the  property  in  1872.  In  1887  he  built  the  Andreson  Building, 
a  three-story  brick  block  considered  at  that  time  the  best  in  the  city.  It 
contained  eighty  rooms  and  was  occupied  by  the  St.  Charles  Hotel, 
with  offices  and  stores  on  the  ground  floor. 

In  1888,  with  H.  L.  Drew,  Mr.  Andreson  built  the  Post  Office  Block, 
corner  of  E  and  Court  streets,  and  he  was  also  one  of  the  owners  of  the 
.Stewart  Hotel.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Farmers  Exchange 
Bank,  served  as  a  director  from  its  organization  and  was  afterward 
its  president.  He  served  several  terms  as  a  county  supervisor  and  also 
as  city  trustee  and  as  a  member  of  the  Library  Board.  He  was  appointed 
a  director  of  the  State  Insane  Hospital  by  Governor  Waterman.  Mr. 
Andreson  was  one  of  five  men  who  purchased  the  land  where  part  of 
the  Santa  Fe  Depot  now  stands,  and  was  one  of  the  committee  of  five 
purchasing  the  above  land,  which  was  afterward  taken  up  by  public 
subscription  and  given  to  the  Santa  Fe  for  its  station. 

Mr.  Andreson  was  in  his  youth  a  democrat,  but  changed  to  the  re- 
publican party,  although  he  never  adhered  blindly  to  party  lines,  voting 
always  for  the  men  he  considered  best  qualified  for  the  positions  thev 
were  seeking.  His  fraternal  connection  was  with  Phoenix  Lodge  No.  178, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M. 

Mr.  Andreson  married  Emma  Knapp,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania; 
she  passed  on,  and  Mr.  Andreson  died  January  14,  1912,  in  San  Ber- 
nardino. They  were  the  parents  of  five  children,  Emma,  wife  of  O.  H. 
Kohl,  of  San  Francisco;  J.,  Jr.,  William  J.,  of  San  Bernardino;  Frances 
L.,  wife  of  Walter  Kohl,  of  San  Bernardino;  and  Edmund  Knapp, 
deceased. 

John  Andreson,  Jr.,  is  the  eldest  son  of  John  Andreson,  one  of  San 
Bernardino's  early  pioneers,  capitalists  and  prominent  financiers,  and  is 
himself  a  prominent  factor  in  the  financial  and  business  life  of  the 
city  in  which  he  was  born. 

John  Andreson,  Jr.,  was  born  in  San  Bernardino  on  January  7,  1873, 
and  he  was  educated  in  the  private  schools  of  the  city  and  in  Sturges 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        901 

Academy,  from  which  he  was  graduated.  His  first  essay  in  business  life  was 
in  surveying  for  the  Santa  Fe,  but  he  was  with  them  only  a  short  time 
when  he  entered  the  Farmers  Exchange  Bank  as  a  collector,  filling  vari- 
ous positions  up  to  cashier  and  then  vice  president.  He  was  in  the  service 
of  the  bank  for  sixteen  years,  from  1892  to  1908,  when  he  resigned, 
though  he  is  now  and  has  been  for  twenty  years  a  director. 

Mr.  Andreson  is  a  director  in  many  corporations  and  has  varied 
interests,  being  also  president  and  manager  of  the  Andreson  Company, 
which  was  incorporated  to  hold  the  Andreson  estate  intact.  He  has  an 
aptitude  for  finance  and  organization,  and  his  long  training  in  the  former 
has  made  him  a  prominent  figure  in  financial  and  business  circles. 

Mr.  Andreson,  in  addition  to  all  his  other  duties,  has  found  time  to 
serve  the  past  six  years  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education,  and  was 
two  years  on  the  Library  Board. 

Mr.  Andreson  married  in  1900  Minnie  Riley,  a  daughter  of  C.  F. 
Riley,  of  San  Bernardino.  They  are  the  parents  of  two  children :  Laura 
Frances  and  John,  Jr. 

His  fraternal  connections  are  with  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Keystone  Chapter  No.  56,  R.  A.  M.;  St.  Bernard 
Commandery  No.  23,  Knights  Templar ;  Al  Malaikah  Temple,  A.  A.  O. 
N.  M.  S.;  and  thirty-second  Scottish  rite  Mason.  He  is  also  a  member 
of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E.,  of  which  he  was  a  charter 
member;  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110,  Native 
Sons  of  the  Golden  West,  of  which  he  was  grand  trustee  in  1920. 

Mr.  Andreson  is  a  republican  in  politics. 

C.  L.  McFarland,  attorney-at-law  of  Riverside,  is  an  integral  part 
of  the  city,  professionally,  socially  and  civically.  In  all  but  the  "accident 
of  birth"  he  is  a  real  Californian. 

He  is  the  son  of  John  McFarland,  now  deceased,  who  was  of  Scotch 
descent,  the  lineage  tracing  back  to  the  Revolutionary  days  in  an  un- 
broken line.  Mr.  McFarland  came  with  his  parents  to  Riverside  in  1882, 
having  been  born  in  Galesburg,  Illinois,  September  22,   1872. 

He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Riverside,  and  then  spent 
four  years  in  the  University  of  California.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Los  Angeles  in  1896.  Immediately  afterward  he  established  an 
office  in  Riverside,  where  he  has  been  practicing  his  profession  ever  since. 

He  is  a  republican  in  politics,  and  has  always  taken  an  active  part 
in  the  ranks  of  that  party,  representing  them  in  both  county  and  state 
convention  prior  to  the  direct  primary.  He  also  served  on  the  County 
Central  Committee,  and  has  been  chairman  of  that  committee.  For  seven 
years  he  served  on  the  Riverside  Board  of  Trustees,  being  the  last  chair- 
man of  the  board,  and  also  was  a  member  of  the  commission  which  pre- 
pared the  present  charter  of  the  city. 

Mr.  McFarland  has  taken  a  very  vital  interest  in  the  afifairs  of  the 
I'ublic  Library,  having  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the 
Riverside  Public  Library  twelve  years,  and  is  now  president  of  the  Board. 

Mr.  McFarland  married  Jean  Henderson,  of  Riverside,  a  daughter 
of  Robert  Henderson,  and  they  have  three  children :  Jean,  Mary  and 
Ruth. 

Fred  Stebler.  On  coming  to  Riverside  something  over  twenty  years 
ago  Fred  Stebler  acquired  an  interest  in  a  small  machine  shop  plant,  and 
largely  through  hi?  talent  as  an  organizer  and  as  an  industrial  executive 
has  made  this  one  of  the  few  really  important  manufacturing  establish- 
ments of  Riverside  County. 


902         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Stebler  is  a  native  of  Iowa,  born  December  28,  1870.  His  father, 
Jacob  Stebler,  came  to  this  country  from  Switzerland  and  proved  his 
devotion  to  his  adopted  country  by  serving  four  years  as  a  Union  soldier 
in  Company  K  of  the  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry.  After  the  war  he  followed 
farming,  and  died  in  1898. 

A  public  school  education  in  Iowa  combined  with  a  practical  working 
knowledge  of  the  home  farm  filled  up  the  first  twenty  years  of  Fred 
Stebler's  life.  He  then  started  to  learn  the  trade  of  machinist,  and  had 
had  an  active  experience  of  eight  or  nine  years  in  his  work  when  he 
arrived  at  Riverside  July  5,  1899. 

At  that  time  Crawford  &  Fay  were  doing  a  machine  shop  business, 
making  packing  house  machinery.  Mr.  Stebler  bought  the  interest  of 
Crawford  and  in  March,  1902,  became  sole  proprietor.  In  1903  he  took 
in  Austin  A.  Gamble  as  a  partner,  and  they  were  associated  under  the 
name  of  the  California  Iron  \\'orks  until  1909,  since  which  year  Mr. 
Stebler  has  been  sole  owner  and  the  responsible  head  of  this  interesting 
industry,  continuing  under  the  name  of  the  California  Iron  Works  until 
January  1,  1921. 

On  the  latter  date,  the  California  Iron  Works  was  consolidated  with 
part  of  the  Parker  Machine  Works  of  Riverside  under  the  corporate 
name  of  the  Stebler,  Parker  Company. 

Mr.  Stebler's  specialty  is  machinery  supplies  and  machinery  of  all 
kinds  needed  in  the  citrus  fruits  industry.  The  works  include  a  foundry, 
machine  shop,  tin  shop,  pattern  shop  and  wood  shop,  and  all  depart- 
ments are  fully  equipped  and  can  handle  any  class  of  business.  Stebler, 
Parker  Company  and  its  predecessors  in  business  is  primarily  a  California 
industry,  but  it  is  a  tribute  to  Mr.  Stebler's  business  energy  and  the  high 
quality  of  his  products  that  machinery  and  equipment  from  his  plant 
have  gone  to  all  parts  of  the  world,  shipments  being  made  to  the  Holy 
Land,  South  Africa,  New  Zealand,  Australia,  British  Columbia  and  Mex- 
ico. The  business  is  one  requiring  a  floor  space  of  about  fifty  thousand 
square  feet. 

At  the  time  Mr.  Stebler  came  to  Riverside  the  citrus  industry  was 
without  adequate  mechanical  apparatus  of  any  kind,  and  he  built  up  his 
business  in  helping  to  supply  this.  He  has  invented  and  taken  out  patents 
on  numerous  inventions  and  improvements  which  tend  to  bring  this  line 
of  machinery  to  the  forefront.  Many  of  these  improvements  were  of  such 
a  character  as  to  at  once  become  accepted  and  in  preferred  demand. 
Patents  covering  them  were  sustained  as  valid  by  the  courts  as  constituting 
a  novel  and  advanced  improvement  in  the  art. 

Mr.  Stebler  is  a  republican,  but  close  attention  to  business  has  not 
allowed  any  participation  in  politics.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Flks,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  Wood- 
men of  the  World  and  the  Sons  of  Veterans.  June  15,  1904,  he  married 
Miss  Eva  V.  Woodman,  a  native  of  Cleveland.  Ohio.  Their  five  children 
are  named  Eve  Irene,  Hazel  Louise.  Jessie  Genevieve,  Frederick  Alfred 
and  Elsie  Frances. 

John  W.  Arnold,  M.  D.  V..  has  the  largest  practice  in  Riverside 
County  and  is  the  most  popular  and  prominent  man  in  his  profession  in 
his  home  district,  where  he  has  been  engaged  in  active  practice  over  twelve 
years. 

Mr.  Arnold  comes  of  Revolutionary  stock,  his  ancestors  being  of  Scotch 
and  Irish  descent.  His  parents  were  Ira  M.  and  Hattie  E.  Arnold,  both 
were  natives  of  Illinois  and  born  and  reared  in  DeKalb  County  of  that 
state.     Ira  M.  Arnold  was  a  farmer  and  livery  man.  and  a  man  of  high 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        903 

standing.  John  W.  Arnold  was  born  at  Sandwich,  Illinois,  February  12, 
1868  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  High  School  of  De- 
Kalb  County.  From  there  he  went  to  Chicago,  where  he  attended  the 
McKillip's  Veterinary  College,  graduating  with  the  degree  of  M.  D.  V. 
He  returned  to  Sandwich  and  practiced  for  some  time,  but  decided  to  come 
out  to  California,  which  he  did  in  1908,  locating  in  Riverside.  Here  he 
has  practiced  his  profession  ever  since,  his  clientele  embracing  not  only 
Riverside  County  but  all  the  district.  In  politics  Dr.  Arnold  is  a  repub- 
lican, but  has  never  taken  an  active  part.  He  married  Mary  S.  Snyder, 
a  daughter  of  Charles  S.  Snyder,  who  was  in  the  insurance  business 
in  Sandwich  but  is  now  deceased.  She  is  a  native  of  Illinois.  They  were 
married  in  the  old  Arnold  home  in  Illinois.  Dr.  Arnold  is  a  member 
of  Riverside  Lodge,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and  of  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  of  which  he  has  been  through  chairs 
and  is  a  past  noble  grand. 

Henry  P.  Zimmerman.  In  .some  forty  years  of  active  residence  at 
Riverside  Henry  P.  Zimmerman  has  been  identified  with  a  number  of 
the  local  mercantile  interests,  has  also  been  active  in  politics,  has  achieved 
prosperity  out  of  humble  beginnings,  and  has  used  this  prosperity  wisely 
and  considerately  for  the  welfare  of  the  community. 

Mr.  Zimmerman  was  born  in  Preble  County,  Ohio,  April  15,  1860, 
and  represents  an  old  American  family  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  original 
German  descent.  His  father,  John  Zimmerman  was  a  native  of  the 
Shenandoah  Valley.  Jeremiah,  an  older  brother  of  Henry  P.  Zimmerman, 
was  a  soldier  all  through  the  Civil  war.  Henry  P.  Zimmerman  was  nine 
years  of  age  when  his  parents  died,  and  his  meager  education  was  acquired 
in  the  public  schools  of  Ohio.  After  the  death  of  his  parents  he  found 
his  time  and  energies  fully  taken  up  with  farm  labor.  At  the  age  of 
fifteen  he  came  to  California,  and  for  a  year  and  a  half  worked  on  a 
ranch  at  thirty-five  dollars  a  month.  He  has  been  permanently  located  at 
Riverside  since  1882.  He  was  the  first  agent  of  the  old  motor  road,  now 
part  of  the  Pacific  Electric  .system.  The  first  day  his  motor  road  was 
operated  a  man  was  killed,  an  accident  which  cost  the  owners  seventeen 
thou.sand  dollars.  As  agent  of  the  road  Mr.  Zimmerman  rented  the  old 
Park  Hotel,  the  rental  for  the  entire  building  being  only  twenty  dollars 
a  month.  After  conducting  the  business  for  two  years  he  sold  out  to 
D.  G.  Clayton. 

For  two  years  he  was  a  merchant  on  Main  Street,  then  associated 
C.  D.  York  with  him  as  a  partner,  Mr.  York  eventually  buying  him 
out.  Still  later  he  was  in  the  mercantile  business  between  Main  and 
Market  on  Eighth  Street,  and  for  twelve  years  his  partner  was  Henry 
Miller.  He  finally  sold  out  to  Mr.  Miller,  who  changed  the  name  of 
the  business  to  "The  Ark." 

Mr.  Zimmerman  bought  the  old  Scott  place  at  Riverside  and 
owned  it  two  years  before  he  sold  to  S.  C.  Evans.  Leaving  there, 
he  bought  a  twenty-one  acre  ranch  on  Olivewood  Avenue,  built  a  home 
and  lived  there  three  years,  but  then  returned  to  Riverside  and  bought 
the  Star  Corral  Feed  and  Fuel  Company.  This  business  was  the 
headquarters  in  what  might  be  regarded  as  Mr.  Zimmerman's  chief 
enterprise  in  Southern  California.  He  is  well  known  in  horse  trading 
circles  all  over  the  southern  part  of  the  state.  For  twenty  years  he 
has  bought  and  sold,  and  has  conservatively  estimated  that  in  that 
time  he  has  handled  about  two  hundred  thousand  horses.  It  is  a 
business    in    which   he   is    still    interested.      He    owned    the    Star    Corral 


904        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Enterprise  for  seven  years.  Mr.  Zimmerman  owns  real  estate  property 
all  over  and  around  Riverside. 

In  1917  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  City  Council,  was  re-elected 
and  had  one  more  year  to  serve  when  two  years  ago  he  was  elected 
public  administrator.  After  the  first  two  years  in  the  City  Council  he 
was  candidate  for  mayor,  and  lacked  twenty-one  votes  of  election. 
He  is  one  of  the  most  active  and  influential  republicans  in  the  county. 
He  is  a  former  president  and  still  a  director  of  the  Humane  Society. 
Several  years  ago  Mr.  Zimmerman  built  a  chapel  called  Hebron  Hall 
on  Twelfth  Street  at  his  own  expense,  and  a  congregation  of  about 
thirty  worship  there  regularly.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Present  Day 
Club  and  for  many  years  has  been  identified  with  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce. 

In  1882  Mr.  Zimmerman  married  at  Riverside  Mrs.  Alice  Meldri™, 
who  came  to  Riverside  in  1882.  They  have  five  children :  Lertin  H., 
Robert,  Albert,  Inna  and  Storie.  Storie  is  still  in  high  school.  Lertin 
H.  is  associated  with  his  brothers  Albert  and  Robert  in  the  transfer 
business  at  Long  Beach.  Two  of  the  sons  have  military  records. 
Robert  was  a  captain  in  the  navy  during  the  war.  He  was  one  of 
a  crew  of  twenty-one  locating  mines  when  the  boat  went  aground, 
overturning  and  precipitating  all  the  men  into  the  water,  and  all 
were  drowned  except  Robert  and  his  captain.  The  son  Albert  was 
a  sergeant  in  the  army.  He  directed  the  training  of  a  hundred  and 
forty  men.  He  was  with  the  ammunition  transport  service  at  the 
front,  and  was  exposed  to  much  danger  and  saw  much  of  the  hard- 
ships of  real  fighting. 

Charles  Jefferson  D.\ley,  ex-chief  of  police  of  San  Bernardino, 
has  the  distinction  of  not  only  being  a  native  son  of  the  city  but  of  being 
also  the  son  of  one  of  the  earliest  pioneers  of  the  district,  a  man  who  left 
his  imprint  for  all  time  on  the  County  of  San  Bernardino.  No  history  of 
this  section  could  be  written  without  referring  to  the  many  projects 
he  inaugurated  and  carried  on  to  success.  His  life  history  carries  with 
it  the  history  of  the  State  of  California  from  "The  days  of  old,  the  days 
of  gold"  to  the  day  of  his  death. 

His  son,  Charles  Jefferson  Daley,  has  added  his  bit  to  that  same 
history.  He  secured  what  education  he  could  in  his  native  city,  but 
it  of  necessity  was  limited,  as  he  worked  on  the  ranch  with  his  father. 
In  later  years  he  supplemented  it  greatly.  On  the  ranch  he  became 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  stock  industry  in  all  its  branches,  and  was 
one  of  the  best  posted  men  in  the  state  in  this  line. 

He  remained  on  the  ranch  until  he  was  twenty-one,  when  he  went 
to  Arizona  to  take  charge  of  1,250  head  of  cattle  for  William  Hardy. 
He  was  foreman  of  this  ranch  in  Yucaipa  County  for  one  year,  when 
he  returned  to  San  Bernardino  to  take  up  ranching.  In  1905  he  was 
appointed  a  state  collector  by  Governor  Pardee,  and  he  served  two  years 
in  that  position  in  San  Francisco.  At  the  end  of  that  period  he  returned 
to  San  Bernardino  and  resumed  ranching,  in  which  he  has  continued 
ever  since. 

In  1919  he  was  appointed  chief  of  police  of  San  Bernardino  by 
Mayor  Henderson  and  filled  that  office  and  gave  a  splendid  adminis- 
tration until  1921. 

Mr.  Daley  was  born  in  San  Bernardino,  the  son  of  Edward  and 
Nancy  (Hunt)  Daley.  This  couple,  imbued  with  the  spirit  of  adventure 
and  the  desire  to  make  a  home  in  the  West,  came  to  California  in  1851, 
using  the  favorite  mode  of  conveyance  at  that  time,  the  ox  team,  reaching 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        905 

San  Bernardino  that  same  year  after  a  long  trip.  Their  third  child  was 
born  in  Nevada  on  the  way  here.  Mr.  Daley  was  a  rancher  and  stock 
man  all  his  life,  and  he  continued  in  that  occupation  until  his  death  on 
his  ranch. 

When  he  reached  San  Bernardino  he  knew  at  once  that  this  was  the 
El  Dorado  he  was  seeking,  and  immediately  purchased  fifteen  hundred 
acres  of  land.  On  this  land  the  City  of  Col'ton  now  stands.  With  keen 
foresight  he  located  a  water  right  of  1500  inches  of  water  for  irrigation 
purposes.  In  the  latter  he  was  associated  with  a  Mr.  Meeks,  who  ran  a 
grist  mill.  Meeks  wanted  the  water  for  power  and  Mr.  Daley  wanted 
it  for  irrigation,  so  it  was  a  fine  combination.  This  ditch  was  known 
as  the  Daley  and  Meeks  Ditch.  As  a  comparison  of  values  it  may  be 
noted  that  while  at  that  time  this  water  was  not  of  any  great  commercial 
value,  it  would  today  be  worth  about  thirty  million  dollars. 

When  he  first  came  to  San  Bernardino  Mr.  Daley  lived  with  his  family 
in  the  old  fort,  but  moved  shortly  and  started  a  hotel  on  the  northwest 
corner  of  Third  and  E  streets,  which  was  called  the  Daley  Tavern.  This 
hotel  became  noted  all  over  the  United  States,  and  many  people  gained 
rather  exaggerated  ideas  of  its  size  and  when  landing  there  asked  to  be 
shown  the  Daley  Tavern.  When  they  saw  a  one  story  place,  containing 
only  fourteen  rooms,  they  were  rather  astonished,  as  they  had  the  im- 
pression it  was  a  more  imposing  edifice.  He  sold  this  hotel  before  he 
bought  the  ranch. 

On  the  ranch  of  fifteen  hundred  acres  Mr.  Daley  established  a  colony, 
but  in  1862  he  sold  out  all  his  interests  in  the  tract  and  moved  into  San 
Bernardino.  In  1873,  eleven  years  later,  the  Southern  Pacific  built  the 
station  there  and  the  town  of  Colton  was  established. 

Mr.  Daley  bought  five  hundred  horses  and  drove  them  all  the  way 
to  Salt  Lake  and  to  Idaho,  where  he  traded  them  for  beef  cattle,  which 
he  took  to  Reno,  Nevada,  and  there  fattened  them  for  the  market,  selling 
them  in  Sacramento.  These  trips  were  hard  ones,  full  of  adventures  of 
all  kinds. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  he  bought  the  property  known  as  the  old  Daley 
homestead,  and  here  he  lived  until  he  died,. rancher  and  stockman  to  the 
last.  He  helped  build  the  first  road  to  Little  Bear  Valley  under  Captain 
Hunt,  and  was  known  as  the  Mormon  road.  Later,  in  1868-9,  he  built 
the  Daley  road,  over  which  was  hauled  most  of  the  lumber  that  built  the 
city. 

Mr.  Daley  was  not  alone  a  rancher,  for  he  performed  many  civic 
duties,  being  one  of  the  first  councilmen  of  San  Bernardino  and  also 
chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  when  the  county  was  changed 
into  districts,  making  five  instead  of  three  districts.  He  was  also  chair- 
man of  the  board  when  the  first  Court  House  was  built.  He  was  an  active 
republican,  and  always  took  an  active  part  in  all  public  affairs,  a  prominent 
figure  in  all  civic  and  county  movements.  His  wife  was  Nancy  Hunt,  a 
native  of  Illinois,  who.  as  before  noted,  made  the  long  perilous  trip  with 
him  overland.  She  died  at  the  age  of  ninety-four,  on  December  26, 
1920,  at  the  old  Daley  home  where  she  had  lived  fifty-eight  years.  They 
were  the  parents  of  eleven  children :  Moses  Loami,  born  in  Iowa ; 
Celia,  wife  of  B.  M.  Wall,  born  in  Iowa;  Edward,  the  child  born  in 
Nevada;  Nettie,  born  in  the  fort  in  San  Bernardino;  C.  J.,  born  in  the 
Daley  Tavern;  John,  also  born  in  the  Tavern;  Grace,  who  died  at  the 
age  of  six;  Frank  B.,  one  of  the  leading  attorneys  of  the  district; 
Louise,  wife  of  Frank  Higgins,  of  Merced;  Mary,  wife  of  George 
Asher,  of  San  Francisco ;  Kate,  wife  of  George  L.  Bryant,  of  San 
Bernardino,  all  born  in  San  Bernardino  and  all  proud  of  that  fact. 


906        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Charles  Jefferson  Daley,  with  Nate  Crandell,  took  the  contract  for 
grading  the  City  of  San  Bernardino  for  $27,000  in  1888,  the  first  time 
it  was  graded.  Mr.  Daley  was  in  charge  of  building  part  of  the 
Arrowhead  road  to  Little  Bear  Valley.  He  helped  work  on  the 
Southern  Pacific  from  Spadre  to  San  Bernardino,  and  also  into 
Colton.  He  worked  on  the  Santa  Fe  while  building  from  San  Bernar- 
dino to  San  Diego  in  1881-2,  and  later  through  the  Cajon  pass.  Mr. 
Daley  helped  work  on  the  ditch  that  took  the  first  water  irrigation 
into  Riverside. 

He  married  July  31,  1879,  Edna  Talmadge,  a  daughter  of  Frank 
Talmadge,  of  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Talmadge  was  the  owner  of  Little 
Bear  Valley  and  Mr.  Daley  was  married  in  the  valley,  where  Little 
Rear  Lake  now  stands.  Frank  Talmadge,  was  a  noted  Indian 
fighter  and  in  1867  the  Indians  surrounded  his  place  in  Little  Bear 
Valley.  Talmadge,  Curry,  John  Welty,  Jonathan  Richardson,  Bill 
Cane  and  George  Lish  fought  the  red  skins  off,  meeting  them  on  what 
is  now  known  as  Indian  Hill.  Three  of  the  Indians  were  killed  and 
two  of  the  white  men  wounded,  Welty  being  shot  through  the 
shoulder  and  Cane  in  the  leg.  Talmadge  dispatched  Richardson  for 
help.  The  next  afternoon  every  man  in  San  Bernardino  who  could 
pack  a  gun  went  out  after  the  Indians.  One  posse  surrounded  them 
at  Indian  Hill,  on  the  road  to  Big  Bear  Valley,  and  killed  thirty-four 
of  them,  and  that  was  the  last  trouble  that  San  Bernardino  had  with 
the  Indians.  Mr.  Talmadge  was  the  oldest  Mason  in  San  Bernardino, 
and  was  a  man  of  much  prominence.  He  had  five  children,  and  his 
sons :  Will,  John  and  Frank,  now  run  the  largest  part  of  Big  Bear 
Valley.  His  two  daughters:  Mrs.  Daley  and  Etta,  wife  of  I.  H. 
Benson,  of  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Daley  is  a  republican  in  politics.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No. 
348  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  and  was  one  of  the  charter  members 
of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  Lodge  in  San  Bernardino.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Parlor  No.  110  Native  Sons  of  the 
Golden   West. 

Frank  B.  Daley  is  not  only  a  native  son  of  California,  but  he  has 
the  honor  of  being  the  son  of  that  grand  old  pioneer  couple,  Edward 
and  Nancy  M.  (Hunt)  Daley.  That  he  has  been  worthy  of  that 
honor  is  proved  by  the  record  of  his  life,  for  it  has  been  one  of  progress 
to  the  position  he  now  occupies  as  one  of  the  leading  attorneys  of  the 
county.  As  soon  as  he  graduated  he  commenced  the  mastery  of  the 
law,  and  so  thoroughly  familiarized  himself  with  its  theories  and 
practices  that  his  success  was  assured  from  the  first.  He  is  well 
versed  in  the  intricacies  of  the  law,  and  a  long  period  of  practice  has 
given  him  a  wide,  deep  knowledge  of  humanity  as  well.  He  has  given 
himself  without  stint  to  his  profession  and  has  found  his  reward  in 
the  large  clientele  he  has  built  up  and  retained. 

Mr.  Daley  was  born  near  Colton,  San  Bernardino  County,  May 
13,  1861.  He  is  the  son  of  Edward  and  Nancy  (Hunt)  Daley,  whose 
history  is  given  at  length  in  the  sketch  of  Charles  Jefferson  Daley. 
Since  that  was  written  the  dearly  loved  and  revered  mother  has  passed 
on  to  join  the  husband  of  her  youth,  mourned  not  only  by  her  children 
but  by  every  one  who  knew  her,  and  their  name  was  legion.  She 
was  ninety-three  years  of  age  on  August  10,  1920,  and  she  lived  until 
December  26th  of  the  same  year.  To  all  her  friends,  both  new  and 
old,  she  was  tenderly  known  as  "Grandma"  Daley,  and  as  long  as  they 
remain  on  earth  her  memory  will  be  one  of  their  dearest,  best  remem- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        907 

bered  possessions.  She  was  a  pioneer  of  the  real  kind.  Born  of 
rugged  pioneer  parents,  the  eldest  of  a  large  family,  she  early  learned 
to  plan,  to  economize,  to  make  the  best  of  everything.  Then  when  she 
married  Edward  Daley  she  entered  another  pioneer  era,  in  the  West 
instead  of  the  East,  for  with  her  husband  she  crossed  the  plains  with 
ox  teams,  reaching  San  Bernardino  June  20,  1851.  All  the  heartaches, 
privations,  adventures  and  discouragements  of  the  early  pioneers  fell 
to  her  lot,  but  through  it  all  she  made  her  home,  even  when  a  cabin, 
the  center  of  hospitality.  She  always  contrived  to  give  the  "home 
touch"  to  her  surroundings,  making  rugs,  and  having  furniture  made, 
and  always  she  had  flowers,  wild  or  cultivated.  So  dear  were  flowers, 
"God's  thoughts,"  to  her  that  always  her  birthdays  brought  them  in 
loving  tribute.  She  never  was  happier  than  when  dispensing  her 
gracious  hospitality  whether  it  was  to  some  high  dignitary  or  one  of 
the  lowly,  judge,  governor  or  next  door  neighbor.  Of  late  years  her 
day  of  birth  was  the  occasion  of  almost  public  celebration,  so  great 
were  the  throngs  of  friends,  so  gorgeous  the  flowers  brought  to  her. 
Truly  hers  was  the  "white  flower  of  a  blameless  life."  "Grandma" 
Daley  was  the  mother  of  eleven  children,  seven  of  whom  were  living 
when  she  left  them  forever.  Frank  B.  Daley,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  her  youngest  son  and,  as  is  usually  the  case,  there  was  a 
very  strong  bond  between  mother  and  son. 

Edward  Daley,  the  father  of  Frank  B.  Daley,  died  in  1896,  one 
of  the  most  prominent,  highly  esteemed  men  who  made  that  city  home. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  city,  filled  many  positions  of  trust 
and  was  honored   above  all  others. 

Frank  B.  Daley  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernar- 
dino and  in  the  high  school  of  Oakland,  California.  He  was  graduated 
from  there  with  the  class  of  1883.  After  a  year's  time  he  entered  the 
offices  of  Judge  H.  C.  Rolfe  to  study  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1887.    He  had  offices  with  Judge  Rolfe  until  1906. 

From  January,  1894,  to  January,  1899,  Mr.  Daley  was  district  at- 
torney of  San  Bernardino  County.  From  1904  he  practiced  alone 
until  1910,  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with  W.  E.  Byrne,  which 
has  since  been  continued.  The  firm  is  attorneys  for  the  Mutual  Land 
and  Water  Company,  the  California  Trona  Company,  the  Rock  Springs 
Cattle  Company  and  for  a  number  of  other  corporations. 

Mr.  Daley  married  in  1890  Alena  M.  Martin,  of  Kansas.  They 
have  one  child,  Helen  I.,  formerly  a  teacher  in  the  Coachella  High 
School  and  now  the  wife  of  Hiram  E.  Smith,  connected  with  the 
Standard  Oil  Company  in  Riverside  County.  Mr.  Daley  owns  a 
fifteen  acre  orange  grove  near  Rialto.  He  is  a  member  of  the  San 
Bernardino  Lodge  No.  ,348,  .\ncient  Free  and  .Accepted  Masons ;  of  San 
Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks ;  of 
San  Bernardino  Valley  No,  27,  Knights  of  Pvthias ;  and  of  the  Woodmen 
of  the  World.  He  is  also  a  member  of  .-Xrrowhead  Parlor  No.  110 
Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West.     In  politics  he  is  a  republican. 

Peter  T.  Carter — While  he  is  not  a  native  of  California,  Air.  Carter 
is  one  of  the  most  enthusiastic  and  persistent  boosters  of  the  state 
and  more  particularly  of  his  chosen  home,  Riverside  and  River- 
side County.  For  over  twenty  five  years  he  has  been  a  prominent 
grower  and  rancher,  and  he  knows  the  possibilities  of  the  section 
as  few  men  do,  and  he  has  the  vision  to  see  what  the  future  can  hold 
if  the  latent  possibilities  are  developed  properly.  He  is  an  authority 
on  irrigation,  as  he  is  in  horticulture  and  general  ranching,  and  he  has 


908         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

accomplished  much  in  the  way  of  improvement  and  advancement  for 
all  the  lines  in  which  he  has  been  engaged. 

Mr.  Carter  was  born  in  Elinghearth,  England,  September  3,  1863, 
and  his  father,  Peter  Carter,  was  also  a  native  of  England.  The 
elder  Arnold  came  to  America  in  1878  with  his  family  and  settled  in 
Luling,  Texas,  where  he  followed  farming  and  conducted  a  hotel. 
Peter  T.  Carter  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  England 
until  his  coming  to  America,  when  he  assisted  his  father  in  the  ranch- 
ing and  in  the  hotel  keeping.  When  he  was  nineteen  he  decided  to 
learn  a  trade,  and  took  up  watchmaking  and  continued  in  that  until 
twelve  years  had  passed,  when  he  came  to  California,  locating  in  Moreno, 
Riverside.  In  Moreno  he  at  once  saw  the  future  of  the  citrus  industry. 
and  he  engaged  in  the  growing  of  oranges  and  general  ranching. 
He  still  has  the  original  investment,  which  was  one  hundred  and  sixty 
acres,  of  which  he  has  thirty-two  and  a  half  acres  in  oranges  and  twenty 
in  grain. 

In  February,  1912,  Mr.  Carter  accepted  the  position  of  manager  of  the 
now  famous  Hendrick  estate,  which  consists  of  16,000  acres,  all  in  River- 
side County  and  largely  in  grain.  In  his  management  of  the  estate  Mr. 
Carter  has  accomplished  much  towards  its  improvement  and  has  consider- 
ably advanced  its  value. 

He  is  the  president  of  the  Moreno  Mutual  Irrigation  Company,  which 
expects  to  cover  about  3,000  acres  with  the  water  it  will  have. 

Before  coming  to  Riverside  Mr.  Carter  had  a  most  interesting  experi- 
ence in  Alaska,  spending  the  year,  from  1902  to  1903,  at  Kodiak  Island. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  hatching  of  salmon  for  the  Alaska  Packing  Asso- 
ciation and  thoroughly  enjoyed  his  unusual  work  while  there. 

Mr.  Carter  married  in  Weimar,  Texas,  June  22,  1886,  Mrs.  Martha 
Rebecca  Thomas.  They  have  one  child,  Olive,  wife  of  C.  O.  Reed,  the 
county  auditor  of  Riverside  County.  Mr.  Carter  is  a  member  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  of  Riverside  and  one  of  its  vestrymen  for  several  years. 
His  fraternal  affiliation  is  with  the  Riverside  Lodge.  Benevolent  and  Pro- 
tective Order  of  Elks. 

Mr.  Carter  was  a  member  of  the  Texas  State  Militia  and  was  a  non- 
commissioned officer. 

Chester  W.  Benshoof  has  been  a  member  of  the  Riverside  bar  since 
1909,  and  while  his  energies  have  been  quite  fully  employed  in  a  growing 
volume  and  importance  of  practice,  he  has  been  ever  ready  to  put  his  time 
at  the  disposal  of  local  movements  and  organizations  working  in  the 
interests  of  the  general  welfare  of  the  community. 

Mr.  Benshoof  was  born  at  Muscatine,  Iowa,  September  5,  1869.  His 
father,  Evan  Benshoof,  was  of  Pennsylvania  Dutch  stock,  of  a  family 
represented  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  Evan  Benshoof  was  a  pioneer, 
leaving  Western  Pennsylvania  in  1844  and  going  out  to  Iowa  when  it 
was  practically  a  wilderness.  He  helped  his  father  hew  a  farm  out  of  the 
woods,  later  making  a  farm  for  himself  out  of  raw  Iowa  prairie  land,  and 
lived  there  the  rest  of  his  life.  His  wife  was  Calista  Allbee.  who  was 
born  in  Vermont,  of  Massachusetts  Colonial  ancestry,  her  family  having 
come  from  England  soon  after  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrim  fathers.  Two 
of  her  ancestors  were  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  Colonel  Ebenezer  Ban- 
croft, who  fought  at  Bunker  Hill,  and  his  brother,  Captain  James  Bancroft, 
in  the  Long  Island  Campaign.  The  Allbee  family  moved  to  Iowa  in  1857, 
and  the  father  of  Calista  heli)ed  build  the  first  bridge  over  the  Mississippi 
River  at  Davenport. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        909 

Cliester  W.  Benshoof  was  reared  on  a  prairie  farm  in  southwestern 
Iowa  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  that  state.  He  and 
his  father  "batch-d"  in  an  8x12  shanty  while  the  Iowa  farm  was  broken 
out  of  the  prairie,  and  at  the  age  of  nine  years  Chester  drove  three  horses 
attached  to  a  14  inch  plow.  At  the  age  of  fourteen  he  received  a  man's 
pay  on  the  thresher.  He  spent  six  years  as  a  carpenter  and  builder  in 
Iowa  returning  to  care  for  his  father,  who  was  ill.  For  six  months  he 
remained  on  the  home  place,  devoting  all  his  spare  time  to  the  study  of 
the  law. 

He  entered  the  State  College  at  Ames,  and  in  1905  received  his  law  de- 
gree from  the  University  of  Iowa.  He  taught  school  two  years  and  enjoyed 
a  successful  law  practice  at  Muscatine  four  years,  and  in  April,  1909, 
came  to  Riverside  and  has  been  in  active  practice  since  December  of  that 
year.  His  first  law  partner  was  W.  H.  Ellis.  The  firm  of  Benshoof  & 
Ellis  continued  until  Mr.  Ellis  was  appointed  justice  of  the  peace.  Later 
for  a  year  and  a  half  Mr.  Benshoof  was  a  partner  with  J.  L.  Granttham, 
under  the  name  Benshoof  &  Granttham.  Since  June,  1919,  he  has  prac- 
ticed alone.  Among  other  interests  he  is  attorney  for  the  Riverside 
County  Title  Guaranty  Company.  He  was  appointed  and  served  as  police 
judge  of  Riverside  during  1915-16.  Judge  Benshoof  was  an  ardent  war 
worker,  and  was  a  member  of  the  questionnaire  committee  and  a  leader 
in  many  of  the  local  drives. 

As  a  republican  he  has  served  on  the  Central  Committee.  He  is  a 
member  of  Evergreen  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.,  a  past  commander  of  Riverside 
Commandery,  K.  T.,  a  past  high  priest  of  Riverside  Chapter,  R.  A.  M., 
and  is  a  member  of  the  Modern  Woodmen  of  America  and  the  Riverside 
Bar  Association.    He  and  his  family  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

At  Davenport,  Iowa,  June  29,  1904,  Mr.  Benshoof  married  M.  Ella 
Taylor,  a  native  of  Iowa,  daughter  of  John  A.  Taylor,  who  was  a  railroad 
man.  Three  children  were  born  to  the  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ben- 
shoof.    The  only  one  now  living  is  Robert  E.,  a  student. 

Lyman  Evans,  an  attorney  of  Riverside,  is  almost  eligible  for  a  mem- 
bership in  the  pioneer  ranks  of  the  state,  for  he  was  a  number  of  years 
prominent  in  legal  circles  of  San  Bernardino  before  he  came  to  Riverside 
to  live. 

Mr.  Evans  possesses  the  distinction  of  having  been  connected  with  the 
office  of  district  attorney  in  San  Bernardino  and  Riverside  counties  for 
a  quarter  of  a  century — a  record  probably  unequalled  in  any  other  part 
of  the  country.  The  administration  of  his  office  was  in  accordance  with 
the  eternal  verities,  justice  and  right,  and  marked  him  both  as  jurist  and 
gentleman.  He  has  never  failed  in  courtesy  nor  in  the  exercise  of  the 
ethics  of  his  profession.  No  consideration  of  personal  advantage  can 
swerve  him  from  the  right  course,  as  he  sees  it,  and  the  public  knows  him 
as  a  man  who  will  not  compromise  with  his  conscience  nor  with  his  op- 
ponents when  he  is  satisfied  he  is  right.  He  has  never  been  dominated 
nor  controlled  by  any  man,  or  set  of  men,  but  has  gone  about  the  busi- 
ness of  life  with  the  vigor  and  spirit  born  of  honest  purpose. 

In  private  as  well  as  public  life  he  is  esteemed  for  his  courtesy  and 
unfailing  kindness,  for  he  takes  a  real  living  interest  in  his  fellowmen 
and  he  also  is  always  willing  to  work  for  the  benefit  of  the  commonwealth. 

Mr.  Evans  was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Iowa,  September  1,  1847,  the 
son  of  Charles  Evans  and  Almina  Ferguson  Evans.  His  father  was 
a  farmer  and  a  native  of  New  York,  going  from  there  to  Pennsylvania 
and  then  to  Iowa  in  1839,  making  him  a  pioneer  of  that  state.    He  died  in 


910        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

1888  in  Webbter  County,  Iowa,  where  he  made  his  home  during  the  latter 
part  of  his  Hfe. 

The  mother  of  Mr.  Evans  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  she  was 
born  in  1819.    She  was  tlie  daugiiter  of  Samuel  Ferguson. 

On  his  paternal  side  the  grandfather  of  Mr.  Evans  was  also  a  Lyman 
Evans,  and  he  was  a  soldier  in  the  War  of  1812.  His  great-grandfather 
was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution  and  was  a  native  of  Connecticut.  The 
family  traces  its  ancestry  back  to  Wales  and  to  the  early  part  of  the  seven- 
teenth century. 

Mr.  Evans  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Iowa  and  in  its 
university.  He  studied  law  in  De  Witt,  Iowa,  under  Judge  Pelley.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870.  He  commenced  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession at  Bedford,  Taylor  County,  Iowa,  in  1872,  and  while  he  was 
successful  in  that,  as  in  other  lines,  he  decided  to  come  to  California, 
arriving  in  San  Bernardino  in  1887. 

Mr.  Evans  is  a  republican  and  he  took  an  active  part  in  Iowa  politics, 
rendering  his  party  and  state  conspicuous  service.  He  represented  them 
in  both  county  and  state  conventions.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Iowa 
Legislature  in  1882-1883. 

His  ability  was  recognized  at  once  in  San  Bernardino,  and  he  was 
appointed  deputy  district  attorney  under  Henry  Conner,  serving  from 
1889-90,  and  in  1892-3,  when  Judge  Oster  was  district  attorney.  He  re- 
moved to  Riverside  in  1893,  when  the  latter  county  was  organized,  and  in 
1899  was  elected  the  district  attorney  of  Riverside  County,  holding  that 
ofiice  continuously  until  1919.  After  a  continuous  service  of  twenty  years 
he  declined  re-election  to  the  office  and  resumed  his  private  practice  in 
the  City  of  Riverside,  in  which  he  is  now  engaged. 

Mr.  Evans  married,  December  4,  1872,  in  Monmouth,  Illinois,  Mary 
N.  Wallace,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Wallace,  a  farmer  of  Fairview,  Ohio, 
in  which  state  she  was  born.  They  have  two  children :  Helen,  who  has 
been  librarian  of  the  State  Normal  School  at  San  Jose  for  several  years, 
and  Wallace,  who  is  a  business  man  in  San  Francisco.  The  fraternal 
membership  of  Mr.  Evans  is  in  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks  and  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  of  Riverside.  He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution. 

The  family  is  affiliated  with  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Riverside. 

Charles  A.  Webber,  whose  death  occurred  at  his  attractive  home  in 
Highgrove,  a  surburb  of  the  City  of  Riverside,  on  the  26th  of  January, 
1908,  came  with  his  family  to  California  in  the  year  1887,  and  he  was 
one  of  the  venerable  and  honored  citizens  of  Riverside  County  at  the 
time  when  his  righteous,  gentle  and  kindly  life  came  to  a  close.  He 
ordered  his  course  on  a  high  plane  of  integrity  and  unselfish  personal 
stewardship,  and  his  standing  in  the  community  was  such  that  a 
tribute  to  his  memory  properly  finds  place  in  this  publication. 

Charles  Austin  Webber  was  born  in  Halifax  County,  Nova  Scotia, 
in  January,  1841,  a  son  of  Francis  and  Mary  (Andrews)  Webber,  both 
of  whom  likewise  were  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  the  former  having  been  of 
Holland  Dutch  ancestry  and  the  latter  of  English  lineage.  The  patro- 
nymic of  Webber  is  a  contraction  of  Van  Webber,  the  original  form  in 
Holland,  where  the  family  was  one  of  prominence.  Francis  Webber 
became  a  pioneer  in  the  lumber  industry  in  Nova  Scotia  and  shipped 
lumber  to  South   American,   English  and  many  other   foreign  ports. 

In  addition  to  receiving  the  advantages  of  the  common  schools  of 
his  native  province  Charles  A.  Webber  there  attended  Arcadia  Uni- 
versity at  Wolfeville.    After  leaving  the  university  he  became  actively 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         911 

associated  with  his  father's  extensive  lumbering  operations,  and  he 
continued  his  connection  with  the  Nova  Scotia  lumber  trade  until  1887, 
when  lie  came  with  his  family  to  California,  the  manifold  attractions 
of  which  made  deep  appeal  to  all  members  of  the  family  after  experi- 
ence with  the  somewhat  austere  climatic  conditions  of  the  north 
Atlantic  coast.  At  Highgrove,  now  one  of  the  most  attractive  subur- 
ban sections  of  Riverside,  Mr.  Webber  purchased  six  and  one-half 
acres  of  land,  together  with  ten  acres  situated  just  over  the  line  in 
San  Bernardino  County.  Here  was  established  the  family  home,  and 
Mr.  Webber  played  a  large  part  in  the  development  and  upbuilding 
of  Highgrove.  His  ability  gained  to  him  marked  prestige  in  connection 
with  the  supervision  and  development  of  orange  groves,  and  to  this 
field  of  service  he  devoted  his  attention  until  the  time  of  his  death, 
besides  which  he  raised  and  sold  a  number  of  fine  horses.  He  made 
his  home  one  of  the  most  attractive  in  Highgrove,  and  there  his  widow 
still  resides. 

A  man  of  broad  views  and  high  ideals,  Mr.  W^ebber  was 
implacable  in  his  opposition  to  the  liquor  trafific  and  early  became  an 
ardent  worker  in  the  ranks  of  the  prohibition  party.  While  still  a 
resident  of  Nova  Scolia  he  gave  vigorous  service  in  behalf  of  the 
temperance  cause,  and  was  a  member  of  the  grand  division  of  the 
Sons  of  Temperance.  His  deep  religious  conviction  and  faith  found 
expression  in  his  daily  life  and  also  in  his  earnest  work  as  a  member 
of  the  Baptist  Church,  he  having  been  a  deacon  of  the  First  Baptist 
Church  of  Riverside  at  the  time  of  his  death,  and  his  widow  being 
still  one  of  its  zealous  and  loved  members. 

At  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  on  the  19th  of  December,  1871,  was 
solemnized  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Webber  and  Miss  Sophia  Ogilvie, 
who  was  born  and  reared  in  that  city,  a  daughter  of  George  and  Ann 
(Bruce)  Ogilvie,  both  of  whom,  as  the  names  clearly  denote,  were  of 
staunch  Scotch  lineage,  the  Ogilvie  family  having  been  of  the  high- 
lands of  Scotland  and  the  Bruce  family  of  the  lowlands.  George 
Ogilvie  became  a  farmer  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  was  only  thirty-one 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  death,  his  widow  surviving  him  many 
years.  Concerning  the  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Webber  the  following 
brief  record  is  consistently  entered :  Miss  Helen  Stevens  Webber, 
who  is  a  graduate  of  the  Missionary  Training  School  in  the  City  of 
Chicago,  and  is  now  with  her  widowed  mother ;  Harrison  Ogilvie 
Webber  was  born  at  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  on  the  22nd  of  November, 
1874,  and  his  rudimentary  education  was  there  acquired  in  the  public 
schools.  After  the  removal  of  the  family  to  California  he  attended 
the  public  schools  of  Riverside,  and  thereafter  entered  Leland  Stan- 
ford University,  in  which  he  took  a  course  in  civil  engineering  and 
bridge  construction.  Before  the  completion  of  a  full  course  he  left  the 
university  and  entered  the  employ  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad 
Company,  in  the  service  of  which,  from  1902  to  1915,  he  was  actively 
identified  with  the  erection  of  modern  steel  and  wooden  bridges  in 
California,  Nevada  and  Oregon,  the  year  1900  having  been  marked 
by  work  of  this  order  in  the  Imperial  Valley  of  California.  For  two 
years  Mr.  Webber  was  supervisor  of  bridges  and  buildings  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad  lines  in  Mexico,  from  Guaymas  south  to 
Guadalajara.  For  one  year.  1907-8,  he  was  in  service  on  the  extension 
connecting  the  ocean-to-ocean  line,  from  Guatemala  to  El  Rancho,  or, 
as  it  is  better  understood,  from  Fort  San  Jose,  on  the  Pacific,  to  Port 
Barrios,  on  the  Atlantic.  In  1915  Mr.  Webber  severed  his  connection 
with  railway  service  and  returned  to  his  home  at  Highgrove,  where  hr 


912         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

has  since  developed  a  prosperous  fruit-growing  and  dairy  business. 
He  has  a  fine  farm  of  about  thirty-five  acres,  with  a  well  developed 
orange  grove  of  five  acres.  He  is  president  of  the  Highgrove  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  is  a  republican  in  politics,  and  holds  membership  in 
the  Present  Day  Club  of  Riverside  and  the  local  Farm  Bureau.  At 
Bloomington,  San  Bernardino  County,  on  the  11th  of  October,  1911, 
Harrison  O.  Webber  wedded  Miss  Virginia  O'Hanlon,  who  was  born 
in  the  State  of  Iowa,  a  daughter  of  Peter  O'Hanlon.  Mary  Bambrick 
Webber,  younger  daughter  of  the  subject  of  this  memoir,  is  the 
wife  of  William  Hugh  Strong,  who  has  been  for  nearly  twenty 
years  advertising  manager  of  a  leading  department  store  in  the  City 
of  San  Diego.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Strong  have  three  children :  Jean  Harri- 
son, Katherine  Ogilvie  and  Austin  Webber.  Frank  Granville  Webber, 
youngest  of  the  surviving  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  A. 
Webber,  was  for  four  years  prominently  identified  with  local  fruit 
associations  as  manager  and  inspector,  and  he  is  now  manager  of  the 
fine  Sunshine  Ranch  of  42,000  acres  near  San  Fernando,  Los  Angeles 
County.  He  was  formerly  manager  of  the  Bloomington  Fruit  Associa- 
tion and  also  of  the  San  Fernando  Lemon  Association.  He  married 
Miss  Helen  Teggert,  who  was  born  in  the  City  of  Belfast,  Ireland, 
and  they  have  one  daughter,  Marjorie  Isabelle. 

Mrs.  Sophia  (Ogilvie)  Webber,  a  woman  of  gracious  presence  and 
distinctive  talent,  has  made  her  life  count  in  constructive  service  in 
behalf  of  humanity.  Prior  to  her  marriage  she  has  given  long  and 
effective  service  as  a  teacher  in  the  schools  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  three 
of  her  sisters  likewise  were  successful  teachers.  She  was  reared  in 
the  strict  Presbyterian  faith  of  the  Scotch,  but  in  later  years  has  been 
an  earnest  and  zealous  member  of  the  Baptist  Church.  The  Ogilvie 
and  two  other  families  in  Nova  Scotia  owned  a  tract  of  land  three 
miles  wide  and  six  miles  long,  and  the  school-house  was  in  the  center 
of  this  large  tract.  The  Ogilvie  home  was  at  one  end  of  the  tract, 
and  Mrs.  Webber  recalls  that  she  was  thus  compelled  to  walk  the 
three  long  miles  daily  to  attend  school,  stormy  weather  having  not 
been  looked  upon  as  a  reason  for  absence  of  the  pupils. 

For  many  years  after  coming  to  California  Mrs.  Webber  was  active 
and  influential  in  the  work  of  the  Woman's  Christian  Temperance 
Union.  She  was  for  six  years  president  of  the  county  organization  of 
this  union  in  Riverside  County,  and  was  a  state  vice  president  of  the 
union  for  two  years.  Under  her  personal  supervision  was  effected  the 
organization  of  most  of  the  unions  in  Riverside  County.  Mrs.  Webber 
has  been  active  also  in  the  work  of  the  Woman's  Home  and  Foreign 
Missionary  Society  of  the  Baptist  Church,  and  to  this  service  she 
has  given  much  of  her  time  in  later  years.  She  was  for  fifteen  years 
president  of  the  Santa  Ana  Valley  Association  of  this  missionary 
society.  She  conducted  a  mission  for  Mexicans  at  Highgrove,  and  at 
Spanishtown  she  established  and  conducted  a  Mexican  Sunday  School, 
in  which  she  had  ninety-four  pupils.  At  the  time  of  this  writing,  in 
the  autumn  of  1921,  Mrs.  Webber  is  making  plans  for  the  reviving  of 
both  the  mission  and  the  Sunday  school.  She  has  always  been  a  close 
student  of  social  conditions  and  as  ardent  advocate  of  a  single  stan- 
dard of  sex  morality,  Mr.  Webber  having  been  in  full  sympathy  with 
her  views  and  her  work  and  the  home  life  having  been  of  ideal  order, 
for  which  reason  Mrs.  Webber  is  sustained  and  comforted  by  hallowed 
memories  since  the  death  of  her  honored  husband. 


SAN  BERNAr>iDINO  AND  RIV'ERSIDE  COUNTIES        91,i 

William  E.  Stephens,  whose  qualifications  as  a  real  estate  man 
are  derived  from  many  years  of  active  experience  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
also  has  to  his  credit  a  record  as  a  practical  farmer  and  merchant.  He  is 
now  associated  with  W.  J.  Powell  in  the  Liberty  Realty  Company  of 
Riverside. 

Mr.  Stephens  was  born  near  Fayette  City,  Pennsylvania,  April  14,  1866, 
and  is  of  Scotch-Irish  ancestry,  his  people  having  been  in  America  since 
Colonial  times.  His  father  was  Nathaniel  Stephens,  a  Pennsylvania 
farmer.  William  E.  Stephens  attended  pubhc  schools  in  his  native  county, 
took  a  business  course  in  the  Ohio  Northern  University  at  Ada,  and  soon 
afterward  removed  to  Iowa  where  he  lived  on  a  farm  three  years  and  for 
ten  years  was  a  merchant.  He  was  in  the  abstract  and  real  estate  busi- 
ness at  Davenport,  Washington,  and  from  there  removed  to  Spokane, 
where  he  conducted  a  successful  real  estate  business  for  fifteen  years. 
Mr.  Stephens  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  since  1916,  and  his  high 
standing  in  local  realty  circles  is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  he  is  president 
of  the  Riverside  Realty  Board.  In  1919  he  and  William  J.  Powell  estab- 
lished the  Liberty  Realty  Company,  an  organization  complete  in  every 
way  and  competent  for  the  extensive  business  they  perform  in  general 
real  estate. 

Mr.  Stephens  during  his  career  has  been  active  politically  as 
a  republican.  While  at  Churdan,  Iowa,  he  was  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  and  city  treasurer  one  year.  At  Davenport,  Washington,  he 
served  two  terms  on  the  City  Council,  and  in  1911,  while  a  resident  of 
Spokane,  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature  and  was  chairman  of 
the  Spokane  Delegation.  Fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  the  Riverside 
Lodge  of  Elks  and  Neighbors  of  Woodcraft.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Lions  Club  of  Riverside. 

July  22,  1887,  in  Fayette  County,  Pennsylvania,  Mr.  Stephens  married 
Minerva  Patterson,  who  was  born  in  that  state,  daughter  of  William  G. 
Patterson,  a  farmer.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stephens  have  three  children  :  Ewing, 
the  oldest,  is  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Washington  and  a  successful 
attorney  now  practicing  at  Lewistown,  Idaho.  Eleanor  is  librarian  of  the 
Public  Library  at  North  Yakima,  Washington.  Ruth,  the  youngest,  is  the 
wife  of  Leonard  Difinia,  an  attorney  by  profession,  but  now  in  the  truck 
and  tractor  business  at  Riverside. 

William  J.  Powell.  The  name  of  William  J.  Powell  has  been  identi- 
fied with  the  business  and  civic  interests  of  Riverside  city  and  county 
for  thirty  years.  He  has  been  a  rancher,  merchant,  and  in  more  recent 
years  has  achieved  success  in  the  real  estate  business. 

He  was  born  in  Kentucky  January  13,  1870,  and  is  of  old  American 
and  Revolutionary  stock  of  Welsh  ancestry.  His  father  is  W.  R.  Powell, 
a  Kentucky  farmer  still  living  in  that  state.  William  J.  Powell  acquired 
a  public  school  education,  and  his  vacation  periods  were  given  to  his 
father's  farm  until  he  came  to  California  in  January,  1890.  In  the  River- 
side vicinity  he  was  engaged  in  ranching,  but  later  became  a  jewelry  mer- 
chant at  Riverside,  a  business  he  continued  twelve  or  fourteen  years, 
until  selling  out  in  1915.  Since  then  he  has  been  handling  real  estate, 
both  city  and  outside  property,  and  his  long  residence  has  given  him  a 
thorough  familiarity  with  land  values  that  is  an  indispensable  asset  to  his 
successful  work.  In  1919  he  formed  a  partnership  with  William  E. 
Stephens,  under  the  firm  name  of  the  Liberty  Realty  Company. 

Mr.  Powell  is  also  a  director  of  the  International  Petrol  Company, 
an  organization  now  drilling  three  miles  southwest  of  Chino  on  a  lease  in 
one  of  the  most  promising  oil  districts. 


914         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

The  International  Petroleum  Company  has  recently  leased  320  acres 
of  land  in  Pecos  County,  Texas,  south  of  the  so-called  Miracle  well  of 
the  ( Irant  Oil  Corporation.  This  Miracle  well  came  in  with  5,000  barrels 
at  96  feet. 

Mr.  Powell  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is 
a  republican  in  politics  and  affiliated  with  the  local  lodges  of  the  Elks, 
Odd  Fellows  and  Fraternal  Brotherhood. 

On  August  1,  1899,  he  married  Miss  Eva  Oldendorf,  daughter  of  the 
late  John  H.  Oldendorf,  of  Riverside. 

George  W.  Prior  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  County  more  than 
twenty  years,  and  up  to  ten  years  ago  was  active  in  business  affairs  and 
since  then  has  been  called  upon  to  serve  the  municipality  as  city  auditor. 

Mr.  Prior  was  born  at  Princeton,  Kansas,  March  29,  1871,  son  of 
Elijah  Prior.  He  is  a  man  of  education  and  of  versatile  gifts  and  attain- 
ments, and  before  coming  to  California  was  a  successful  teacher.  He 
attended  public  schools  at  Windom,  Kansas,  graduated  from  the  com- 
mercial department  of  Southwestern  College  at  Winfield,  that  state,  and 
for  seven  years  was  identified  with  school  work  in  McPherson  and  Rice 
counties.    For  a  time  he  was  principal  of  schools  at  Conway. 

For  two  years  before  coming  to  California  Mr.  Prior  was  in  the 
lumber  business  at  Windom,  Kansas.  In  the  spring  of  1899  he  located 
at  Hemet  in  Riverside  County,  and  for  two  years  was  connected  with  the 
Hcmet  Land  &  Water  Company.  His  home  has  been  at  Riverside  since 
1901,  and  for  a  number  of  years  he  was  in  the  lumber  business  with 
different  companies.  He  was  elected  city  clerk  in  the  fall  of  1911,  holding 
that  office  until  August,  1912,  when  he  was  appointed  city  auditor  to 
succeed  C.  R.  Stibbens.  Since  then  by  election  and  re-election  he  has 
been  at  this  post  of  duty  for  nine  years. 

Mr.  Prior  is  well  known  at  Riverside  and  elsewhere  for  his  leader- 
ship in  musical  affairs.  Since  coming  to  Riverside  he  has  given  his  talent 
first  to  the  First  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  then  to  Grace  Methodist 
Church,  and  is  a  member  and  director  of  the  choir  of  Grace  Church 
While  at  Hemet  he  was  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School,  and  became 
head  of  the  Sunday  School  work  of  his  church  after  coming  to  Riverside. 
While  at  Hemet  Mr.  Prior  served  as  a  member  of  the  School  Board  and 
for  many  years  has  been  a  director  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  He  is  a  republican 
in  politics  and  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Present 
Day  Club,  and  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows, 
Modern  Woodmen  of  America  and  Junior  Order  United  American 
Mechanics. 

At  Windom,  Kansas,  May  26,  1894,  Mr.  Prior  married  Miss  M. 
Gertrude  Moss,  a  native  of  Missouri,  daughter  of  the  late  Andrew  Moss. 
She  represents  an  old  Kentucky  family  of  Revolutionary  stock.  Mr. 
Prior's  son,  G.  Earl,  was  in  service  in  the  navy  three  years  and  three 
months,  being  acting  paymaster  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Saturn.  After  being 
honorably  discharged  from  the  navy  he  was  in  business  with  his  uncle, 
Clarence  E.  Prior,  at  Riverside,  but  has  returned  to  the  University  of 
Southern  California,  from  which  he  enlisted  in  his  junior  year.  August 
18,  1918,  G.  Earl  Prior  married  Ethel  May  Stevens,  daughter  of  Percy 
H.  Stevens,  of  Riverside. 

John  J.  (Pop)  H.\nford — No  name  can  be  mentioned  in  San  Ber- 
nardino which  will  call  forth  such  a  flood  of  reminiscences,  such  a 
wealth  of  stories  and  political  and  business  tales  as  that  of  John  J. 
Hanford,  popularly  know  as  "Pop"  Hanford.  He  is  the  one  man  who 
has  stamped  his  dominant  personality  upon  the  history  of  his  home 


0^/^^-^r^L^4~fn^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         915 

city  in  more  than  one  way,  fur  he  was  not  only  a  keen,  forceful, 
resourceful,  square  business  man.  but  he  was  also  an  aggressive 
politician  with  a  true  American  set  of  principles  and  with  no  such 
word  as  "compromise"  in  his  vocabulary.  He  was  a  man  with  red 
blood  in  his  veins,  a  born  tighter  when  he  knew  he  was  in  the  right, 
never  afraid  to  tackle  the  big  things  of  life  whether  it  was  a  business, 
political,  civic  or  national  problem  which  confronted  him.  One  always 
knew  where  to  find  him,  standing  "four  square  to  all  the  winds  that 
blow." 

Like  all  big  men  he  naturally  encountered  strenuous  opposition 
at  times,  but  in  the  course  of  time  Mr.  Hanford  was  vindicated 
for  many  reforms  for  which  he  fought,  and  many  innovations  he 
advanced  for  the  good  of  party,  city  or  county  have  since  been  found 
to  be  of  paramount  importance.  The  enemies  he  made  made  them- 
selves, for  he  was  entirely  free  from  personal  bitterness  and  even  in 
the  hottest  campaigns  he  insisted  upon  fair  play,  and  he  never  lost 
his  grip  on  anything  by  "wobbling."  He  seemed  to  meet  every  critical 
situation  with  an  inspiration,  and  he  was  one  of  the  most  prominent 
and  potential  political  leaders  in  the  state.  He  never  allowed  the 
personal  equation  to  warp  his  sound  judgment  on  any  matter,  little 
or  big,  and  it  was  his  singleness  of  aim,  solidarity  of  purpose,  his 
personal  popularity,  his  enthusiasm  and  optimism,  his  dynamic  vital- 
ity, that  made  him  a  man  among  men,  but  one  with  an  interest  in  his 
fellow  men.  He  was  generosity  personified,  and  he  gave  freely  to  all 
worthy  causes,  not  only  money  and  sympathy  but  his  time  as  well. 
His  love  of  country  and  his  partriotism  was  strong  and  deep ;  always 
eager  to  serve,  he  was  one  of  the  most  active  figures  in  the  late  World 
war,  and  he  was  just  as  successful  in  aiding  the  United  States  as  he 
was  in  other  things. 

Great  in  mind,  heart  and  sympathies,  a  loyal  friend,  a  kind  and 
thoughtful  neighbor,  a  loving  and  tender  husband  and  father,  the 
world  is  better  for  his  having  lived  in  it.  His  passing  into  the  Eternal 
Silences  caused  deep  and  poignant  grief,  and  so  long  as  this  generation 
shall  live  he  will  be  lovingly  remembered.  His  name  and  his  life 
work  will  be  a  part  of  the  history  of  the  state  of  California  for  all 
time  to  come. 

John  J.  Hanford  was  born  June  12,  1845,  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
State  of  New  York.  He  lived  the  life  of  the  boys  of  that  time  until 
he  was  sixteen  years  old,  when  he  apprenticed  himself  to  learn  the  iron 
molders  trade,  which  he  did  thoroughly.  All  branches  of  the  trade, 
including  green  sand,  dry  sand  and  loam  molding,  and  also  brass  ■ 
molding,  he  mastered,  learning  the  loam  molding  from  Scotch  molders 
from  the  Clyde.  He  was  soon  at  the  top  and  rated  as  one  of  the  best 
molders  in  the  trade,  but  he  left  the  work  to  go  into  politics. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  eighties  he  came  out  to  California  and 
located  in  Los  Angeles  for  a  time,  then  went  up  to  the  Antelope  Valley, 
where  he  first  took  up  a  homestead  and  later  purchased  640  acres 
more.  He  only  remained  a  year  and  returned  to  Los  Angeles.  Here 
he  again  took  up  molding,  and  made  the  first  mortar  bed  ever  made  in 
Southern  California,  at  the  Baker  Iron  Works,  then  located  on  the 
north-west  corner  of  Second  and  Main  streets.  In  those  days  that  was 
considered  a  "Big  Casting,"  and  the  Mayor  and  all  the  local  celebrities 
were  invited  to  see  the  castings  poured.  In  1899,  when  the  Baker  Iron 
Works  moved  their  shops  to  what  was  then  Buena  Vista  Street,  now 
North  Broadway,  Mr.  Hanford  went  with  them,  but  two  of  his  fellow 
workmen,  Tonkin  and  Vanderclute,  went  to  Coronado  and  started  the 


916         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Coronado  Foundry  and  Machine  Shop.  The)-  bid  on  and  were  awarded 
the  contract  to  make  the  big  sheave  wheels  for  the  San  Diego  cable 
railway,  and  Mr.  Tonkin  came  for  Mr.  Hanford  to  go  to  Coronado  to 
superintend  the  building  of  the  patterns  and  the  molding  of  the  cast- 
ings. This  he  did,  and  he  also  made  the  big  face  plate  to  finish  them 
on.  The  company  had  secured  the  contract  to  make  the  grey*  iron 
castings  for  the  California  Southern  Railroad  while  he  was  in  their 
employ,  but  afterwards  lost  it. 

Soon  after  Mr.  Hanford  left  them  and  returned  to  Los  Angeles, 
where  he  went  to  work  for  the  Union  Iron  Works,  then  located  on 
the  south  side  of  First  Street,  west  of  Almeda.  When  Mr.  Hanford 
learned  that  the  California  Southern  Railway  was  still  looking  for 
some  one  to  start  a  foundry  in  San  Bernardino  to  make  their  work, 
he  immediately  went  there  and  secured  the  contract  from  G.  W. 
Prescott,  then  master  mechanic  of  the  road.  This  was  in  February, 
1892,  and  was  the  inception  of  the  "Hanford  Iron  Works,"  and  it  was 
located  in  what  was  known  as  "The  Henderson  Foundry  Building," 
on  the  west  side  of  Warm  Creek  and  on  the  north  side  of  First  Street. 

As  soon  as  he  reached  San  Bernardino  Mr.  Hanford  entered  the 
political  arena  and  soon  was  the  leader  of  the  local  force.  Of  course 
those  he  deposed  were  not  very  friendly  at  first,  but  always  his 
friends  outnumbered  them  1000  to  1.  He  first  made  the  run  for  trustee 
from  the  First  Ward  and  was,  of  course,  at  once  made  chairman  of 
the  board.  He  was  re-elected  a  number  of  times,  and  from  first  to 
last  the  campaign  was  always  a  red  hot  one,  enlivened  as  only  he 
could  stir  things  up.  Pop  Hanford  was  at  first  a  staunch  democrat, 
and  he  toured  the  state  with  W.  J.  Bryan  during  the  16  to  1  campaign. 
When  Theodore  Roosevelt  was  the  republican  nominee  for  president 
the  first  time  he  was  won  over  to  his  standard  after  long  studying  of 
the  facts  and,  knowing  that  "only  fools  never  change  their  minds," 
"Pop"  became  a  Roosevelt  republican  and  continued  in  that  party 
until  he  passed  on. 

Mr.  Hanford  was  always  warm  in  the  support  of  anything  which 
would  advance  San  Bernardino,  and  he  was  eager  to  secure  the. Car- 
negie Public  Library  for  the  city,  refusing  to  be  turned  down  by  the 
board,  which  was  placing  the  libraries,  and  finally  succeeding  in 
getting  an  appropriation.  When  he  did  get  it  it  did  not  meet  with  his 
approval,  not  being  as  large  as  he  thought  it  should  be.  He  at  once 
got  busy  and,  with  the  late  Fred  Ferris,  prevailed  upon  E.  P. 
Ripley,  then  president  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railway  and  a  great  friend  of 
Mr.  Carnegie,  to  intercede  for  them,  to  try  and  get  them  a  larger  appropri- 
ation. He  urged  the  fact  that  San  Bernardino  was  to  be  the  second 
largest  place  on  the  Santa  Fe  system  for  their  shops,  and  Mr.  Ripley 
undertook  the  mission  and  succeeded  in  securing  a  larger  appro- 
priation. 

Among  the  other  positions  held  by  Mr.  Hanford  was  that  of 
mayor,  he  being  the  second  one  to  hold  the  office.  During  his  adminis- 
tration as  president  of  the  Board  of  City  Trustees  he  became  interested 
in  the  League  of  California  Municipalities,  and  was  at  once  selected 
as  vice  president  and  later  as  the  president  of  the  League. 

Mr.  Hanford  had  an  intuitive  sense  of  affairs  and  keenness  of  per- 
ception and  could  think  for  the  comrnonwealth,  see  the  possibilities 
the  future  held.  He  advocated  the  purchase  of  the  Hubbard  water 
rights  in  Lytle  Creek  and  the  installation  of  the  present  water  system. 
He  made  an  active  campaign  to  purchase  the  right,  buy  the  pipe  and 
lay  it. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        917 

Mr.  Hanford  was  one  of  the  Freeholders  who  framed  the  present 
City  Charter,  and  he  advocated  then  many  things  which  were  turned 
down  then  but  which  have  since  been  found  to  be  of  the  greatest  impor- 
lance  to  the  city  and  its  advancement. 

Mr.  Hanford  passed  away  on  November  12,  1917,  in  the  St.  Joseph's 
Hospital  in  San  Diego,  after  an  operation  for  hernia.  He  was  so  full 
of  life,  vitality  and  the  joy  of  living  that  even  now  it  seems  impossible 
he  is  not  in  his  accustomed  place,  one  of  the  best  loved  sons  of  the 
Soutiiland. 

He  left  a  widow,  Joan  E.  Hanford,  and  one  son,  W,  J.  Hanford. 

William  J.  Hanford — Like  his  honored  father,  J.  J.  Hanford, 
William  J.  Hanford  behevcd  in  a  life  of  action  and  preparation  for 
a  worth  while  career,  so  at  an  early  age  he  commenced  to  work,  his 
natural  inclination  being  toward  railroad  interest  at  that  time,  but  he 
discovered  his  real  life  work  when  he  joined  his  father  in  the  Iron 
Works.  He  is  carrying  on  the  work  which  his  father  founded  and 
is  making  a  success  of  it  in  every  way,  progressing  with  the  times  and, 
as  demanded  by  circumstances,  shaping  the  conduct  of  the  Hanford 
Iron  \\'orks.  It  is  an  institution  so  well  founded,  so  well  managed,  that 
it  is  bound  to  grow  and  expand  still  more,  and  no  one  could  be  better 
qualified  to  guide  its  course  than  William  J.  Hanford,  son  of  the  founder, 
for  he  worked  many  years  with  his  father  and  he  will  use  the  knowl- 
edge thus  gained  to  add  to  the  growth  and  permanence  of  the  works. 

He  was  born  in  the  City  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  on  July  1,  1870, 
and  was  one  of  three  sons  of  J.  J.  and  Joan  Hanford.  His  two  brothers 
died  in  infancy.  When  his  parents  came  to  California  he  accompanied 
them,  a  young  boy.  His  first  work  was  with  the  Western  Union  Tele- 
graph Company  in  Los  Angeles  as  a  messenger  boy  in  1885.  He 
remained  there  a  year  and  then  went  to  the  Southern  Pacific  Railway  as 
call  boy  and  messenger  in  1886.  He  commenced  his  railroad  work 
by  firing  a  switch  engine  October  1,  1887.  He  was  fireman  on  an  engine 
for  the  Coronado  Railway   from  July   15,  1890,  to  September  15,   1891. 

During  the  winter  of  1891-1892  he  went  East  and  fired  for  the 
E.  T.  N.  R.  Railroad,  going  as  far  as  Chicago.  From  September  10, 
1892,  to  November  15,  1893,  he  was  fireman  for  the  San  Diego, 
Cuyamaca  &  Eastern  Railway.  He  commenced  firing  for  the  California 
Southern  April  21,  1894,  but  he  lost  out  in  the  A.  R.  U.  strike  June 
29,  1894.  He  commenced  working  with  his  father  during  1895,  and 
he  has  been  with  the  Hanford  Iron  Works  ever  since. 

When  his  father,  J.  J.  Hanford,  passed  away  his  mother,  Joan  E. 
Hanford,  and  himself  conducted  the  business  successfully  until  it  was 
decided  to  incorporate,  and  P.  J.  Dubbell  came  into  the  company  as 
the  third  director  of  it.  When  Mrs.  Hanford  decided  to  dispose  of 
her  holdings  in  the  Hanford  Iron  Works  her  son,  W.  J.  Hanford,  took 
over  her  shares  and  disposed  of  part  of  them  to  several  of  the  present 
stockholders,  narrated  in  the  story  of  the  works.  William  J.  Hanford 
is  now  president  and  manager  of  the  Hanford  Iron  Works,  and  he 
holds  a  large  majoritv  of  stock  in  the  company. 

On  Augu.st  17,  1889.  he  married  Florence  B.  Steel,  of  Los  .Angeles. 

The  Hanford  Iron  Works,  one  of  the  foremost  institutions  of  San 
Bernardino,  was  founded  by  the  late  J.  J.  Hanford,  and  he  started  it 
to  make  iron  grey  castings  for  the  California  Southern  Railroad  Com- 
pany, having  secured  the  contract  to  do  all  this  work  for  them.  He  had 
a  partner,  also  a  molder,  Joseph  Bierce,  and  thev  began  in  the  old 
Henderson  Foundry  Building  located  on  the  west  side  of  Warm  Creek, 


918         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

north  side  of  First  Street.  In  addition  to  themselves  they  had  one 
workman,  William  Hackney. 

Like  everything  with  which  Mr.  Hanford  was  connected,  it  was 
an  instant  success,  growing  rapidly  in  every  line.  Early  in  1893  Mr. 
Hanford  bought  his  partner's  interest,  and  from  that  time  until  he 
passed  on  he  was  the  sole  owner  and  proprietor  of  the  Hanford  Iron 
Works.  So  rapidly  did  the  volume  of  business  increase  that  it  out- 
grew the  quarters  in  which  it  was  started,  and  Mr.  Hanford  erected 
the  foundry  on  its  present  site  in  the  spring  of  1895.  In  1904  he 
erected  the  machine  and  pattern  shop  in  front  of  the  foundry  on  its 
present  site  in  a  space  he  had  left  for  that  purpose. 

In  1910  the  Hanford  Iron  Works  secured  a  patent  for  driving  a 
nail  on  a  slant,  and  proceeded  to  build  and  manufacture  an  orange  box 
making  machine.  This  is,  of  course,  a  side  issue  with  the  Works,  as 
the  foundry  has  nearly  all  the  time  had  all  it  could  handle  producing 
the  castings  for  the  Santa  Fe  Railway  Company  and  the  other  business 
it  has  secured,  much  of  it  coming  from  Arizona  and  Nevada.  Another 
instance  of  "when  a  man  makes  a  better  article  than  others  the  world 
will  make  a  trail  to  his  door." 

After  the  passing  of  Mr.  Hanford  on  November  12,  1917,  the 
business  was  conducted  bv  his  widow,  Joan  E.  Hanford,  and  his  son, 
William  J.  Hanford.  On  May  28,  1918,  the  Hanford  Iron  Works  was 
incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  California,  with  Joan  E. 
Hanford  as  president,  William  J.  Hanford  as  vice  president  and  P.  J. 
Dubbell  as  secretary.  The  next  year,  April,  1919,  Joan  E.  Hanford 
disposed  of  her  interests,  William  J.  Hanford  securing  the  most  of 
them,  the  remainder  being  bought  up  by  James  Cunnison,  S.  E.  Bagley, 
P.  J.  Dubbell,  Clinton  Draper',  Cora  Draper,  Ralph  Ochs,  E.  E.  Katz, 
M.  D.  Katz  and  Gladys  Parsons  Katz.  P.  J.  Dubbell  passed  away 
in  June,  1919,  and  his  interests  in  the  works  were  purchased  by  James 
Cunnison,  S.  E.  Bagley,  Ralph  Ochs  and  \\'illiam  Woods. 

The  officers  of  the  company  now  are ;  \\'iniam  J.  Hanford,  presi- 
dent ;  S.  E.  Bagley,  vice  president ;  James  Cunnison,  secretary. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  tlie  Hanford  Iron  Works  Company  held 
in  January.  1920.  the  company  voted  to  erect  an  addition  to  the  plant 
to  be  devoted  exclusively  to  the  manufacture  of  steel  castings.  At 
present  the  Hanford  Iron  Works  employs  fifty-two  men,  the  average 
pay  roll  being  seven  thousand  dollars. 

The  Hanford  Iron  Works  enjoys  the  distinction  of  being  the  second 
oldest  foundry  making  castings  for  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad  in  point 
of  years  of  continuous  service. 

Paul  E.  Simonds.  A1.  D.  While  his  residence  in  Riverside  has 
not  covered  a  long  term  of  vears.  Dr.  Paul  E.  Simonds  has  bv  his  skill, 
acquired  a  reputation  and  high  standing  for  his  handling  of  the  various 
cases  under  his  care.  He  has  built  up  a  large  clientele,  which  is  always 
on  the  increase,  founded  on  his  skill  in  diagnosis  and  accuracy  of  treat- 
ment, for  he  is  not  only  the  trained,  educated  physician  but  the  rarer 
type,  the  natural  exponent  of  the  healing  art,  jiossessing  the  quickness 
of  perception  and  intuition  which  puts  thcni  in  a  class  by  themselves. 

Dr.  .Simonds  w;is  horn  in  Detroit.  Michigan.  October  12,  1876,  his 
father  being  John  H.  Simonds,  a  native  of  New  York  State  and  a 
prominent  organist  and  musician  who' is  living  now  in  Ventura  County, 
engaged  in  Church  and  Sundav  school  work. 

John  11.  Simonds  came  to  California  in  18''0,  ;m1(1  Dr.  SinioncK.  then 
a  \oung  boy,  accomjjanied  him.  He  commenced  his  education  in  the 
public   schools  of   Pontiac.   Miihigan.      In   California   he   attended   Napa 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        919 

College,  taking  the  academic  course.  He  then  majored  in  science  in  the 
University  of  Denver,  Colorado,  and  coming  back  to  California,  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  California  with  the  degree  of  M.  D.,  class  of 
1908. 

In  his  first  practice,  which  was  in  Los  Angeles,  he  was  associated  with 
Dr.  Stanley  T.  Black  for  four  years.  He  than  located  in  Hemet,  River- 
side County,  where  he  practiced  successfully  until  1916,  when  he  decided 
to  make  his  permanent  home  in  Riverside  City,  where  he  since  practiced 
continuously.  He  is  a  most  loyal  citizen  and  always  ready  to  work  for 
anything  which  will  be  of  material  advantage  to  his  home  city. 

Dr.  Simonds  is  a  member  of  the  American  Congress  on  Internal  Med- 
icine;  of  the  American  Medical  Association  ;  of  the  California  State  Medi- 
cal Association  and  the  Southern  California  Medical  Association.  He 
is  secretary-treasurer  of  the  Riverside  County  Medical  Society  and  is  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Society,  which  meets  in  San  Diego  in  May,  1921. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  a 
past  noble  grand  of  Hemet  Lodge.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Fraternal 
Brotherhood.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  the  famous  National  Guard, 
Denver  City  Troop,  of  Colorado,  to  which  it  is  a  great  distinction  to  have 
belonged.  He  was  a  first  corporal  for  three  years,  1896-1899,  and  saw  real 
service,  notably  during  the  Leadville  strike. 

Dr.  Simonds  was  the  chairman  of  the  Medical  Advisory  Board  No. 
1,  covering  San  Bernardino,  Riverside  County  and  Imperial  County,  dur- 
ing the  period  of  the  World  war,  with  headquarters  in  San  Bernardino,  a 
board  which  was  of  no  small  aid  to  the  Government. 

On  account  of  his  health  Dr.  Simonds  has  ranched  quite  a  little 
both  in  Colorado  and  Southern  California.  He  is  a  nature  lover,  an  en- 
tomologist and  naturalist,  and  he  has  quite  a  fine  collection  of  insects, 
which  he  enjoys  collecting.  His  chief  pleasure  though  is  in  birds  and  in 
butterfiies. 

Dr.  Simonds  is  considered  an  unusually  fine  singer,  his  voice  being  a 
beautiful  barytone,  and  he  sings  now  in  the  choir  of  the  First  Congrega- 
tional Church.  He  is  also  an  accomplished  violoncellist,  and  for  six  years 
played  that  instrument  in  the  orchestra  of  the  First  Congregational  Church 
in  Los  Angeles,  being  first  cellist.  Being  very  fond  of  music,  he  has  culti- 
vated his  talent  in  both  vocal  and  instrumental  music. 

Dr.  Simonds  is  the  father  of  two  children  :  William  and  Catherine, 
both  of  whom  are  students. 

Albert  S.  Me.ad  was  trained  as  a  technological  engineer,  was  for  a 
time  a  teacher,  also  trained  himself  for  foreign  missionary  service,  was 
with  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  France  for  some  months  during  the  war,  but  in 
Riverside  is  best  known  as  one  of  the  members  of  the  city's  leading 
real  estate  and  insurance  organizations,  the  Riverside  Realty  Company, 
Incorporated. 

Mr.  Mead  was  born  at  Atlanta,  Georgia,  March  4,  1880,  but  is  of 
New  England  ancestry.  His  father  was  a  Union  soldier,  while  his  mother, 
still  hving  at  Riverside,  is  the  daughter  of  a  Confederate  soldier  and  a 
member  of  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy.  He  is  of  English  descent, 
the  family  having  settled  in  Connecticut  in  pioneer  times.  He  had  two 
or  three  ancestors  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  Calvin  Mead  by  four  enlist- 
ments served  as  a  private  during  the  Revolution  under  Captain  Matthew 
Mead,  Colonel  John  Mead,  Captain  Isaac  Howe  Lawrence  and  Captain 
Isaac  Lockwood.  Oiie  of  Mr.  Mead's  ancestors  was  a  niece  of  Oliver 
Goldsmith.  His  great-great-aunt  was  a  niece  of  the  Lord  INIayor  of  Lon- 
don.   One  of  his  great-grandfathers  was  a  New  York  editor,  owner  of  the 


920        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Gazette,  afterward  the  New  York  Advertiser  and  later  the  New  York 
Globe.    Horace  Greeley  received  his  training  as  a  printer  in  that  office. 

The  Meads  came  originally  from  Cowfold  and  Bolney,  England.  The 
great-great-grandfather  of  Albert  S.  Mead  was  once  a  preacher  in  Lady 
Huntington's  Chapel  at  Bath,  England. 

The  grandfather  of  Albert  S.  Mead  earned  high  distinction  as  an 
educator.  He  was  president  of  Oglethorpe  University  in  Georgia,  founded 
during  the  thirties,  an  institution  that  enjoyed  a  high  rank  for  a  number 
of  years,  until  after  the  Civil  war.  His  most  famous  student  was  the 
South's  greatest  poet  and  man  of  letters,  Sidney  Lanier.  Leaving  the 
South  just  before  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  war  grandfather  Mead  sub- 
sequently conducted  a  high  class  private  school  at  Morristown,  New 
Jersey. 

Eugene  N.  Mead,  father  of  the  Riverside  business  man,  was  also  born 
in  Georgia,  but  returned  to  Connecticut  with  his  parents  when  tie  was  six 
years  of  age.  As  a  Union  soldier  he  was  in  the  Thirty-ninth  New  Jersey 
Infantry,  serving  actively  nine  months,  participating  in  two  battles,  and 
spent  seven  months  in  hospital.  After  the  war  he  was  a  buisness  man, 
and  he  died  at  Sierra  Madre,  California,  in  1915. 

A.  S.  Mead'.s  mother  was  of  the  Wynne  family.  Her  brother 
Fred  Wynne  was  color  bearer  on  Joe  Wheeler's  stafif  in  the  Civil  war. 

Albert  S.  Mead  was  the  first  honor  man  ever  graduated  in  the  textile 
course  south  of  Mason  and  Dixon's  line.  He  received  the  degree  B.  S. 
T.  E.  from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1901.  He  had  prepared  for 
college  in  private  schools.  This  was  the  first  class  ever  graduated  in 
textile  engineering,  and  Mr.  Mead  was  the  first  man  to  receive  a  medal 
as  first  honor  man  in  that  division.  He  began  teaching  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one,  and  was  connected  with  the  School  of  Technology  two  years. 
In  1899  he  was  on  the  survey  of  a  line  of  railroad  owned  by  the  Southern 
Railway  from  Marysville,  Kentucky,  to  the  Cumberland  Mountains.  In 
1903  he  came  to  Monterey,  California,  spending  one  year  recuperating. 
In  1905  he  left  Monterey  for  San  Anselmo,  Marine  County,  California, 
where  he  entered  the  Presbyterian  Theological  Seminary  with  the  inten- 
tion of  preparing  for  foreign  missionary  service  in  China.  He  remained 
in  the  seminary  two  years  and  had  charge  of  the  church  at  Bolinas.  As 
a  result  of  overwork  he  was  sent  South,  to  Long  Beach,  and  from  there  to 
Sierra  Madre.  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business  until 
1914.  He  was  the  secretary  and  later  president  of  the  Sierra  Madre 
Chamber  of  Commerce. 

Coming  to  Riverside  in  June,  1914,  Mr.  Mead  resumed  the  real  estate 
business  and  is  vice  president  and  general  manager  of  the  Riverside 
Realty  Company.  Incorporated.  During  the  year  1921,  the  Riverside 
Mortgage  Company,  a  financing  corporation  was  incorporated  with  Mr. 
Mead  as  vice  president  and  general  manager.  G.  E.  Dole  is  secretary. 
It  is  the  largest  organization  of  its  kind  in  Riverside,  handling  general 
real  estate,  loans  and  insurance.  During  the  first  ten  months  of  1920  more 
than  half  a  million  dollars  worth  of  real  estate  was  sold  through  this 
organization.  At  the  beginning  of  the  World  war  of  the  four  men  active 
in  the  office  of  the  companv  three  entered  the  service. 

Mr.  Mead  joined  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work,  and  was  in  the  Training 
Service  in  Paris,  France,  and  later  was  put  in  charge  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
Information  Department  for  the  whole  of  Paris.  Before  assuming  the 
duties  of  this  office  he  contracted  pneumonia,  and  was  sent  home  in 
June,  1918.  He  contracted  his  illness  in  France  at  the  Cathedral  of 
Rheims.  Mr.  IMead  at  one  time  sold  his  home  in  California  for  the 
purpose  of  going  to  China  in  the  interest  of  Mrs.  Russell  Sage,  as  busi- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        921 

ness  manager  of  two  mission  stations  and  supervising  engineer  for  the 
erection  of  colleges  at  Hang  Chow.  On  his  first  preliminary  medical 
examination  he  was  disqualified  for  disability. 

August  30,  1904,  Mr.  Mead  married  Miss  Susie  Hunter,  of  Louis- 
ville, Georgia,  daughter  of  a  prominent  attorney,  Edward  Hunter,  who 
at  one  time  was  professor  of  mathematics  in  the  University  of  Georgia. 
She  comes  of  three  generations  of  Meachers.  One  of  her  granfathers  was 
a  surgeon  and  a  Confederate  soldier  who  died  from  wounds  received 
in  battle.  Mr.  Mead's  ancestors  came  to  this  country  in  1707.  Her 
mother  and  two  sisters  are  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  and 
Mrs.  Mead  has  recently  qualified  for  membership  in  that  order.  She  is 
of  English  and  Irish-Scotch  descent.  Some  of  her  ancestors  were  among 
the  founders  of  Georgia,  who  came  over  with  Oglethorpe. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mead  have  four  children :  Elizabeth  and  Hunter,  high 
school  students  at  Riverside ;  Susan,  also  in  school ;  and  Eugene  West. 
Mr.  Mead  is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  order,  the  college  fraternity 
Sigma  Nu,  the  Kiwanis  Club  at  Riverside,  is  vice  president  of  the  River- 
side Realty  Board,  and  is  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School  of  the 
Congregational  Church. 

H.  S.  Denick  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  thirteen  years.  He 
came  to  Southern  California  with  a  prospect  of  three  months'  vacation 
here.  He  fell  in  love  with  Riverside,  the  city  beautiful,  and,  having  ar- 
ranged to  his  advantage  a  business  transaction,  has  remained  here  per- 
manently and  is  one  of  the  most  successful  of  Riverside's  real  estate  men. 

Mr.  Denick  is  a  native  of  New  York  State,  where  the  family  has 
lived  from  the  colonization  of  that  Province  by  the  Holland  Dutch.  His 
father,  James  Denick.  spent  his  active  life  as  a  farmer  in  New  York. 
was  also  a  merchant  and  a  school  teacher.  The  mother  of  Mr.  Denick 
was  Emeline  Sidman.  a  native  of  New  York.  Some  of  her  ancestors 
came  from  France  with  Lafayette.  Her  great-grandfather  was  a  guard 
to  General  Washington,  showing  the  passes  over  the  highlands  of  New 
York  to  a  point  where  the  British  were  entrenched  in  the  Ramapo  Moun- 
tains. This  service  enabled  General  Washington  to  keep  his  advantage 
in  the  subsequent  conflict  with  that  part  of  the  British  Army. 

H.  S.  Denick  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Cayuga  and  Os- 
wego counties,  New  York.  After  leaving  school  he  spent  some  years 
as  a  grower  and  purchaser  for  a  large  tobacco  firm,  and  for  a  large  part 
of  that  time  was  growing  tobacco  for  tobacco  handling  concerns  in 
New  York,  one  of  which,  Schoverling  &  Company,  dealt  in  leaf  tobacco 
to  the  extent  of  twenty-two  hundred  cases  per  year.  Following  that  for 
several  years  Mr.  Denick  sold  grass  and  grain  cutting  machinery  with 
an  agency  at  Fulton,  New  York. 

He  gave  up  that  business  in  1907.  and  on  January  6.  1908,  left  for 
California.  \\'hile  at  Riverside  he  effected  an  exchange  of  some  of  his 
New  York  property  for  some  local  property  owned  by  George  Frost. 
This  enabled  him  to  locate  permanently  at  Riverside,  and  ever  since  he  has 
been  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business.  He  handles  general  real  estate, 
largely  city  property,  but  also  some  orange  groves  and  alfalfa  ranches.  He 
platted  one  highly  attractive  and  profitable  subdivision,  the  Richard  Sub- 
division in  the  Magnolia  district. 

Mr.  Denick  is  a  member  of  the  Realty  Board.  He  is  a  democrat, 
but  has  never  looked  to  politics  for  any  personal  advantage.  He  attends 
the  Congregational  Church.  Mr.  Denick  married  Miss  Josephine  Pooler, 
daughter  of  Joseph  Pooler.     She  is  a  native  of  New  York  State.     This 


922         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

is  an  old  American  family  of  English  descent.     Some  of  her  uncles  were 
soldiers  in  the  Civil  war. 

Byron  W.  Allen — In  the  years  succeeding  every  great  war  this 
country  has  experienced  a  remarkable  growth  and  development,  and 
the  causes  for  this  are  apparent.  In  the  first  place  after  a  man  has 
risked  his  life  in  behalf  of  his  country  he  takes  more  interest  in  its 
welfare  and  is  not  willing  to  have  his  civic  duties  performed  for  him. 
The  careful  training  and  discipline  of  military  service  oftentimes  devel- 
ops latent  capabilities  which  when  released  in  private  life  result 
in  awakening  to  new  possibilities  for  individual  progress.  The 
love  of  change  and  need  for  excitement  are  other  contributing  forces 
which  urge  the  returned  soldier  to  get  out  of  the  rut  of  the  common- 
place and  accomplish  something  worth  recording.  Judging,  therefore, 
the  future  by  the  light  of  the  past  it  is  safe  to  predict  for  the  United 
States  during  the  next  decade,  once  the  distressing  problems  of  the 
reconstruction  period  are  solved  and  an  adjustment  is  made  to  nor- 
malcy, a  prosperity  never  before  reached.  In  some  of  the  Western 
states  where  there  is  more  room  for  growth  and  new  openings  for 
the  young  men  of  the  period  this  awakening  is  already  very  noticeable. 
One  of  the  returned  soldiers  of  the  World  war  who  is  making  his  name 
known  and  his  influence  felt  in  industrial  circles  in  San  Bernardino 
County  is  Lieut.  Col.  Byron  W.  Allen,  manufacturer  of  iron  and  steel 
products,  whose  plant  is  the  largest  of  its  kind  in  the  interior  of  South- 
ern California. 

Byron  W.  Allen  was  born  at  Homer.  Michigan,  June  17,  1880, 
a  son  of  Oliver  A.  and  Rose  (Knapp)  Allen.  Oliver  A.  Allen  was 
born  at  Chardon.  Geauga  County.  Ohio,  October  5.  1850,  a  son  of  Ira 
and  Rebecca  (Calkins")  Allen.  When  a  child  Oliver  A.  Allen  was 
taken  to  Homer,  Michigan,  by  his  parents,  and  there  he  was  reared, 
and  there  he  attended  the  public  schools.  He  learned  the  trade  of  a 
blacksmith,  which  calling  was  followed  by  his  father,  grandfather 
and  other  members  of  his  immediate  family.  In  1884  he  came  to  San 
Bernardino,  California,  and  for  three  years  worked  at  his  trade  for  a 
Mr.  Lehman.  At  the  expir,ation  of  that  period  he  purchased  the  busi- 
ness, and  developed  it  into  a  very  large  industrial  plant,  now  owned 
and  operated  by  his  son,  Colonel  Allen.  The  latter  has  photographs 
showing  the  original  equipment  when  his  father  bought  the  business, 
and  the  present  plant.  These  illustrations  conclusively  prove  that 
staying  with  and  properly  developing  a  business  is  a  paying  project. 
Oliver  A.  Allen  continued  to  conduct  his  plant  until  his  death,  and 
became  one  of  the  constructive  factors  of  this  region.  Oliver  A.  Allen 
married  Miss  Rose  Knapp,  who  was  born  at  Albion,  Michigan,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1850,  and  died  at  San  Bernardino  in  November,  1889, 
leaving  two  small  children,  Edna  and  Colonel  Allen.  Subsequently 
Mr.  Allen  married  Miss  Sarah  Hiller  of  Litchfield,  Michigan.  Frater- 
nally Mr.  Allen  was  a  Mason.  For  some  years  he  was  a  valued 
member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Board  of  Trade. 

Colonel  Allen  attended  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernardino  and 
was  early  taught  the  dignity  of  honest  labor  and  the  value  of  thrifty 
habits.  He  has  grown  up  in  his  father's  business,  and  since  returning 
from  the  \\'orld  war  has  devoted  his  attention  and  interest  to  its 
further  expansion  and  proper  conduct.  He  is  a  man  of  many  interests 
and  maintains  membership  with  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the 
Rotary  Club.     Fraternally  he  belongs  to  the  Masons,  in  which  order 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        923 

he  has  been  raised  to  the  thirty-second  degree,  and  the  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.     Colonel  Allen  is  married. 

For  a  man  of  his  age  Colonel  Allen  has  a  most  remarkable  military 
experience,  and  not  only  was  the  highest  ranking  officer  in  the  World 
war  from  San  Bernardino  and  Riverside  counties,  but  has  had  over 
twenty  years'  service,  fifteen  years  being  spent  in  the  California 
National  Guards  and  five  years  in  the  United  States  Army. 

In  1896,  when  only  sixteen  years  old,  Byron  \\'.  Allen  enlisted  Alarch 
16  in  Company  K,  Seventh  California  Infantry,  National  Cluard.  On 
June  8,  1901,  he  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant  of  this  company,  and 
September  6,  1910,  was  commissioned  captain.  On  April  18.  1915,  be 
was  commissioned  major  of  his  regiment. 

During  the  Spanish-American  war,  in  1898,  Colonel  Allen  served 
as  sergeant,  and  was  attached  to  the  Eighth  United  States  Infantry,  on 
the  RIexican  border  as  captain  of  his  company,  and  in  1916  he  was 
again  on  the  Mexican  Border  with  the  National  Guard.  During  that 
campaign  he  was  promoted  to  be  major  of  the  Seventh  California 
Infantry. 

When  this  country  entered  the  World  war  he  was  major  of  the 
California  National  Guards,  and  entered  the  Federal  Army  with  that 
rank.  He  was  first  located  at  Camp  Arcadia,  California,  where  he 
was  given  his  choice  by  Anita  Baldwin  of  a  saddle  horse  from  her 
stable  of  thoroughbreds  for  his  personal  use. 

On  July  31,  1917,  he  began  the  field  officers'  course  at  the  school  of 
musketry  at  Fort  Sill,  Oklahoma,  His  record  at  this  school,  together 
with  his  past  military  record,  was  the  cause  of  his  being  detached  from 
the  One  Hundred  and  Sixtieth  Infantry  and  instructed  to  report  to 
the  commanding  officer  of  the  Fortieth  Division  at  Camp  Kearney,  for 
duty  organizing  Schools  of  Instruction  and  was  assigned  for  duty  in 
the  office  of  the  chief  of  staff. 

On  October  4,  1917,  he  was  ordered  back  to  the  One  Hundred  and 
Sixtieth  Infantry,  and  placed  in  command  of  the  First  Battalion, 
Colonel  Allen  was  appointed  divisional  machine  gun  officer,  in  charge 
of  machine  gun  instruction,  January  2,  1918. 

On  February  2,  1918.  he  was  again  taken  from  the  One  Hundred 
and  Sixtieth  Infantry  and  placed  in  command  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Forty-fifth  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  in  addition  to  his  other  duties. 

On  July  3,  1918,  Colonel  Allen  was  relieved  from  the  One  Hundred 
and  Forty-fifth  Machine  Gun  Battalion  and  detailed  as  divisional  ma- 
chine gun  officer. 

About  this  time  he  submitted  to  the  chief  of  invention,  Department 
Army  War  College,  a  machine  gun  sight  for  indirect  firing,  which  the 
ordnance  department  made  up,  and  sent  to  all  machine  gun  centers  for 
testing. 

On  about  August  5  or  6,  1918,  Colonel  Allen  embarked  from  New 
York  for  France,  on  the  Lapland,  an  English  vessel,  with  a  convoy 
of  his  division.  They  arrived  at  Liverpool,  England  two  weeks  later, 
having  taken  the  Northern  route.  They  went  from  Liverpool  to 
Winchester  by  train,  and  after  two  weeks  stay  in  the  latter  city,  moved 
on  to  Southampton,  and  from  there  his  division  embarked  on  small 
vessels,  leaving  at  night  for  Cherbourg,  France.  Of  necessity  they 
were  packed  in  like  sardines  in  a  box.  When  depth  bombs  were 
dropped  for  their  protection  from  submarines  the  jar  given  their  vessel 
was  such  that,  having  no  knowledge  that  this  was  going  on,  many 
were  at  least  willing  to  leave  the  ship  on  their  arrival  at  port. 


924         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Two  days  later  they  left  Cherbourg  on  "side-door"  Pullmans  made 
to  accommodate  eight  horses  or  forty  men.  They  had  marched  all  day 
in  a  driving  rain  and  went  aboard  this  train  in  their  wet  clothing,  and 
for  two  days  and  nights  had  very  little  to  eat.  At  the  end  of  this 
period  they  reached  La  Guerche  and  one-half  of  the  division  was  sent 
on  for  replacement  at  the  front. 

Colonel  Allen  organized  and  was  made  commandant  of  Base  Train- 
ing School  for  the  Sixth  Army  Corps.  On  October  9,  1918,  he  was 
sent  to  report  for  duty  with  the  inter-allied  transport  Commission, 
composed  of  ofificers  of  the  allied  forces.  It  was  their  duty  to  guard 
all  of  the  advance  zones,  and  to  have  charge  of  all  allied  transportation 
of  troops  and  supplies  in  advanced  zones. 

In  order  to  co-ordinate  all  allied  means  of  transportation  it  was 
necessary  for  the  purpose  of  instruction  for  those  in  command  to  be 
at  all  active  fronts,  in  consequence  of  which  Colonel  Allen  was  present 
at  all  offensive  and  defensive  sectors  until  the  armistice  was  signed, 
being  under  fire  at  Verdun,  St.  Mihiel,  Somme,  Oise-Argonne 
and  others. 

He  has  in  his  possession  a  German  machine  gun  that  he  secured 
at  Somme.  and  ammunition  for  it  which  he  annexed  at  the  Argonne 
Forest  offensive. 

While  with  the  commission  there  were  weeks  at  a  time  that  he  did 
not  have  a  drink  of  water,  as  it  was  all  unfit  for  use,  and  was  obliged 
to  quench  his  thirst,  as  did  the  others,  with  light  wines  and  beer. 

After  he  left  the  commission  Colonel  Allen  received  a  personal  letter 
of  commendation   from   Major-General   Comday,   Sixth    Depot   Division. 

On  the  morning  of  November  11,  1918,  while  on  his  way  to  the 
front  on  approaching  a  small  village,  he  and  his  command  met  a  parade 
composed  of  old  men,  women,  boys  and  girls,  all  yelling,  crying  and 
playing  instruments.  They  had  received  word  that  the  armistice  had 
been  signed.  This  was  the  first  knowledge  that  Colonel  Allen  had  that 
the  war  was  over.  They  proceeded  to  invade  the  village  and  bought 
all  the  flags  and  bunting  to  decorate  their  automobiles,  and  they  did  not 
neglect  to  kiss  all  the  pretty  girls  in  the  store. 

As  senior  member  of  the  American  officers  he  was  given  option  as 
to  Avhether  he  should  be  sent  preparatory  to  his  return  to  the  United 
States,  and  he  chose  the  Fortieth  Division,  which  was  the  replace- 
ment division  at  Revigny,  and  was  made  assistant  chief  of  staff.  His 
command  and  staff  officers,  except  himself,  left  for  the  United  States 
so  that  he  was  in  command  of  the  rear  party  to  conduct  the  business 
of  the  division  headquarters. 

On  December  29,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to  Beautran  as  advance 
party  for  his  division.  His  first  duties  were  the  making  up  of  train 
schedules  and  movement  orders  for  the  division,  so  the  different  sec- 
tions could  be  moved  from  the  various  towns  in  which  they  were  bil- 
letted  to  their  embarkation  point  at  Bordeaux,  and  see  them  on  board 
ship  bound  for  the  United  States.  He  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  Infantry  while  in  France,  on  Feb.  14,   1918. 

On  his  return  to  California  he  was  granted  a  leave  of  absence 
for  fourteen  davs.  On  April  21,  1919,  he  was  attached  to  the  Thirtv- 
second  United  States  Infantry,  but  was  relieved  from  duty  April  29, 
1919,  in  the  Thirty-second  and  assigned  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Infantry 
of  Arizona.  On  May  12,  1919,  he  was  detailed  as  range  officer  in 
Camp  Stephen  D.  Little. 

On  June  16,  1919,  Colonel  .Mien  was  detailed  as  president  of  the 
Board    of    Officers    for    the    jnirjiose    of    examining    provisional    officers 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'ERSIDE  COUNTIES         925 

for  permanent   commissions  in  the  United   States   Army.     For  a  short 
lime  he  was  in  command  of  the  Twenty-fifth  United  States  Infantry. 

On  September  17,  1919.  Colonel  Allen  was  detailed  president  of 
sjjccial  court  martial.  He  was  dischary;ed  October  25,  1919,  with  a 
commission  of  lieutenant  colonel  of  infantry  section  Officers  Reserve 
Corps  of  the  United  States  of  America. 

Colonel  Allen  received  the  following  letter  from  Major-Gen.  F.  S. 
Strong : 

"Lt.-Col.  Bryon  W.  Allen, 
Infantry,  U.  S.  A. 
Subject — Commendation. 

"The  Division  Commander  desires  to  express  his  appreciation  of 
the  very  efficient  manner  in  which  you  have  performed  your  duties 
both  as  a  Machine  Gun  Battalion  Commander  and  as  Divisional  Machine 
Gim  Officer. 

"Your  work  in  charge  of  the  Divisional  Machine  Gun  School  at 
Camp  Kearney  was  most  satisfactory  and  produced  excellent  results. 
It  is  recognized  by  all  that  the  high  efficiency  of  the  machine  gun  units 
of  the  Division  was  in  a  very  great  mea.sure  due  to  your  energy  and 
luitiring  efforts  during  the  training  i:ieriod  and  after  the  Division 
arrived  in  France. 

"It  is  to  be  hoped  that  your  services  may  be  retained  in  the  Regular 
Establishment. 

"The  undersigned  would  consider  himself  privileged  in  having  you 
under  his  command. 

"Signed,  F.  S.  Strong,  Major  General,  U.  S.  A." 

Lieut.  Col.  Allen  has  a  great  many  medals  as  souvenirs  of  his  mili- 
tary service.  He  returned  to  San  Bernardino  in  December,  1919,  and 
resumed  control  of  his  business.  During  his  absence  it  had  been  run- 
ning under  the  supervision  of  his  wife  and  a  foreman.  It  still  retains 
the  firm  name  of  .Mien  &  Son  Machine  Works.  He  is  a  firm  believer 
that  the  San  Bernardino  district  is  going  to  become  a  great  oil  producer, 
and  has  built  extensive  additions  to  the  shop  to  care  for  this  trade  in 
support  of  his  belief. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  United  Commercial  Travelers  and  of  the 
Rotary  Club.  He  is  senior  deacon  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  348, 
F.  and  A.  M.,  and  a  member  of  the  San  Diego  Consistory,  and  a 
member  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  the  Automobile  Roads  Association  and  is  eligible  to  the 
.Sons  of  the  American  Revolution. 

Lieut.  Col.  Allen  married  in  San  Bernardino  in  July,  1905,  Miss 
Fannie  D.  Garner,  a  native  of  that  city  and  daughter  of  one  of  its 
old  and  honored  residents.  They  have  three  children :  Jack  Garner 
.\Ilen,  a  member  of  the  high  .school.  Class  of  1922,  who  is  active  in 
school  athletics,  both  track  and  of  the  gymnasium,  and  he  was  the  first 
young  man  who  made  the  debating  class  of  the  high  school.  William 
Atwal  Allen,  a  member  of  the  high  school  class  of  1925,  and  Byron 
William  Allen,  Jr.,  in  infancy. 

Addison  Henry  Holmes,  whose  death  occurred  at  Riverside,  Cali- 
fornia, in  1909,  was  born  in  Ohio,  of  English  ancestry,  and  was  a  repre- 
sentative of  a  family  that  gained  pioneer  distinction  in  the  vicinity  of 
Akron.  Ohio.  His  paternal  grandfather  was  an  early  settler  in  that  sec- 
tion of  the  Buckeye  State,  and  of  this  ancestor  it  is  related  that  in  going 
to  church  he  had  to  walk  over  a  log  which  served  as  a  bridge  over  a  stream, 
and  that  on  one  occasion  a  large  bear  appeared  at  the  other  end,  with 


Q26         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'KRSIDF.  COUNTIES 

the  result  that  he  returned  home  for  his  gun  and  then  shot  the  bear.  For 
this  action  on  Sunday  he  was  expelled  from  the  church,  and  his  wife 
likewise  met  the  same  punitive  injustice.  The  subject  of  this  memoir  at- 
tended school  at  Greenfield,  Pennsylvania,  until  he  was  eighteen  years 
old,  but  two  years  earlier  he  had  initiated  apprenticeship  to  the  trade  of 
harnessmaker.  He  followed  his  trade  until  the  Civil  war,  when  he 
promptly  enlisted  in  a  Pennsylvania  regiment,  of  whose  band  he  was 
made  drum  major.  He  took  part  in  many  engagements  and  was  with 
General  Sherman  on  the  historic  march  from  Atlanta  to  the  Sea.  After 
the  war  he  established  his  home  at  Akron,  Ohio,  where  for  twenty  years 
he  was  associated  with  the  manufacturing  of  bottles. 

Mr.  Holmes  came  to  California  about  1885  and  settled  at  Corona, 
Riverside  County,  where  he  engaged  in  the  kiln-burning  of  soil  and  water 
pipe  for  irrigation  purposes.  The  next  year  he  engaged  in  the  same  hne 
of  enterprise  at  Alberhill,  and  from  the  latter  place  he  finally  removed  to 
Riverside,  where  he  continued  to  reside  until  his  death.  He  was  an 
honored  and  appreciative  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
and  in  the  Fourth  of  July  celebration  at  Riverside  in  1897  he  led  the 
procession  with  the  drum  cori)s  named  in  his  honor.  He  broke  from  the 
ranks  of  his  corps  and  the  Grand  Army  in  front  of  the  judges'  stand 
and  saved  from  serious  injury  a  woman  whose  clothing  had  been  set 
afire  from  firecrackers.  He  was  a  republican,  but  never  desired  office, 
his  chief  interests  and  pleasure  having  centered  in  his  home,  and  his 
sterling  character  and  unfailing  consideration  having  gained  to  him  hosts 
of  warm  friends.  He  was  one  of  the  venerable  and  honored  citizens  of 
Riverside  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

In  Pennsylvania  Mr.  Holmes  married  Margaret  J.  Reherd,  daughter 
of  George  Reherd,  who  was  cabinetmaker  by  vocation,  the  Reherd  family 
being  of  remote  German  origin.  Mrs.  Holmes  survives  her  husband  and 
remains  in  the  pleasant  Riverside  home.  The  only  daughter,  Annora,  is  the 
wife  of  Fred  A.  Niemann,  an  employe  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad 
Company,  Los  Angeles.  Mrs.  Niemann  has  three  children  by  a  previous 
marriage,  Arthur  B.,  Lowell  B.  and  Ona  Marguerite  Shook.  Bert  R. 
Holmes,  eldest  of  the  sons,  is  engaged  in  the  oil  business  at  Fellows, 
California.  He  married  Maude  Songer,  of  Corona,  and  they  have  one 
child,  Mildred.  Howard  Henry  Holmes  and  his  younger  brother,  Del- 
mar  J.,  own  and  conduct  the  City  Market  on  West  Ninth  Street,  River- 
side.   The  maiden  name  of  his  wife  was  Daisy  Ross. 

Delmar  J.  Holmes  was  born  at  Akron,  Ohio,  February  9,  1883,  and 
gained  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools.  At  the  age  of  fourteen 
years  he  became  associated  with  coal  mining  at  Elsinore,  California,  and 
four  years  later  he  learned  the  barber's  trade,  which  he  there  followed 
three  years.  Seven  years  found  him  employed  as  a  meat  cutter  in  a  mar- 
ket at  Colton,  and  in  1913  he  came  to  Riverside,  where,  within  a  short 
time  thereafter,  he  and  his  brother  opened  a  meat  market.  They  have 
built  up  a  prosperous  business  and  their  market  is  one  of  the  best 
equipped  in  the  city.  Delmar  J.  Holmes  owns  a  brick  business  block, 
with  two  stores,  on  West  Ninth  Street,  and  also  five  residence  properties 
in  Riverside,  four  of  which  he  rents.  He  is  a  republican,  is  a  loyal  and 
progressive  citizen,  and  is  one  of  the  representative  young  business  men 
of  Riverside.  At  Elsinore,  in  1901,  Mr.  Holmes  wedded  Miss  Lua 
Townsend,  a  native  of  Boston,  Massachusetts,  and  a  daughter  of  C.  A. 
Townsend  of  that  city.  She  died  in  1911.  Delmar  Holmes  has  a  fine 
little  son,  Harold,  attending  the  public  school  at  Elsinore. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         927 

Dean  C.  Cori.ett,  one  of  the  oldest  living  residents  of  Riverside,  has 
been  engaged  in  orange  growing  for  forty  years,  and  has  devoted  the 
greater  part  of  his  efforts  to  the  betterment  of  the  industry.  At  present 
he  owns  fifteen  acres  of  orange  groves  on  Kansas  Avenue  that  are  in  a 
high  state  of  cultivation.  Mr.  Corlett  stands  high  in  the  community,  and 
is  one  of  those  men  who  attends  strictly  to  their  own  business  and  pursues 
the  even  tenor  of  their  way. 

Born  at  Cleveland.  Ohio,  when  it  was  known  as  Newburg,  January 
3,  1864,  Dean  C.  Corlett,  is  a  son  of  George  W.  and  Sarah  (Heptinstall) 
Corlett.  George  W.  Corlett  was  born  in  Ohio,  and  was  a  farmer  in 
Ohio,  and  after  he  came  to  California  he  was  foreman  for  the  H.  B. 
Everest  ranch  of  100  acres  at  Arlington,  which  he  set  out  in  oranges  in 
1884.  During  the  war  between  the  two  sections  of  the  country  he 
served  with  the  Seventh  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  was  at  Camp 
Dennison  for  three  months.  When  the  period  of  his  enlistment  expired 
he  had  to  return  home  to  take  care  of  his  sick  parents.  He  was  spared 
for  many  years  afterwards,  and  died  in  1907.  His  ancestors  came  to 
America  from  the  Isle  of  Man,  England.  His  widow,  who  was  born  in 
the  Yorkshire  district  of  England,  died  in  1919,  at  the  age  of  eighty  years. 

Dean  C.  Corlett  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Ohio  and  then 
worked  in  the  Cleveland  Rolling  Mills  imtil  he  came  to  Cahfornia  with 
his  father,  four  brothers  and  three  sisters,  their  arrival  at  Riverside  tak- 
ing place  July  21,  1883.  Mr.  Corlett's  brothers  and  sisters  were:  Arthur, 
decea.'^ed ;  Merrick  E.,  deceased ;  Bertram,  a  civil  engineer  of  Seattle, 
and  William  George  Corlett,  a  horticultural  inspector  residing  at  Arling- 
ton. He  is  married  and  has  three  boys,  Ralph,  Raymond  and  Clayton. 
The  two  former  were  overseas  with  the  Ameican  Expeditionary  Forces. 
The  three  sisters  of  Mr.  Corlett  were :  Kittie,  deceased,  was  the  wife  of 
Dr.  Craven  of  Riverside ;  Clara,  deceased,  was  a  school  teacher  of  River- 
side ;  and'Nettie,  wife  of  D.  D.  Sharp,  horticultural  commissioner  of  Riv- 
erside County.  She  has  two  children,  Milo,  in  Junior  College  and  Helen 
in  the  high  school,  Class  of  '22. 

For  two  years  after  coming  to  California  Mr.  Corlett  was  employed 
on  the  Everest  ranch  at  Arlington,  and  he  then  drove  a  milk  wagon  for 
W.  A.  Brouse  until  1887,  when  he  bought  the  business  and  formed  a  part- 
nership with  \V.  A.  Drayton.  Mr.  Drayton  died  in  September,  1889,  after 
which  Mr.  Corlett  conducted  it  alone  for  nine  years  longer,  and  then 
sold  it. 

In  the  meanwhile,  however,  he  had  bought  ten  acres  of  land  on 
Kansas  Avenue,  and  later  added  five  acres  more,  all  of  which  he  planted 
to  oranges.  The  trees  are  all  in  full  bearing,  and  Mr.  Corlett  is  devoting 
all  of  his  attention  to  this  industry,  although  he  is  also  a  director  of 
the  Sierra  Vista  Packing  Association,  of  which  J.  H.  Urquhart  is  man- 
ager. Fraternally  Mr.  Corlett  belongs  to  the  Odd  Fellows  and  Wood- 
men of  the  World.    A  stalwart  republican,  he  has  been  active  in  his  party. 

In  1891  Mr.  Corlett  married  first  Sarah  B.  Gray,  now  deceased,  a 
native  of  Fort  Fairfield,  Maine,  and  she  bore  him  three  children,  namely : 
George  H.,  who  is  a  sawmill  engineer  of  Island  Falls,  Maine;  Florence 
B.,  who  is  the  wife  of  Clifford  Lindsey,  a  horticulturist  of  Lemore,  Kings 
County,  California,  has  one  daughter,  Dorothy  ;  and  Dorothy  L.,  who  is 
a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  Business  College.  On  October  17,  1917,  Mr. 
Corlett  married  Miss  Clara  E.  Brooker,  a  native  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and 
a  daughter  of  James  Brooker,  now  deceased.  Mrs.  Corlett  had  three 
nephews  in  the  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Corlett  are  consistent  members  of 
the  Congregational  Church,  and  are  active  in  its  good  work. 


928         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Having  spent  so  many  useful  years  in  this  region,  Mr.  Corlett  is 
vvell-quaiitied  to  estimate  the  value  of  the  improvements  and  developments 
he  has  seen  made.  As  enthusiastic  as  any  of  the  younger  generation 
with  reference  to  the  desirability  of  Riverside  and  its  vicinity,  he  is 
proud  of  the  part  he  has  taken  in  making  it  what  it  now  is,  and  is  very 
optimistic  with  reference  to  its  future.  He  is  a  man  who  has  won  his 
wealth  and  prestige  through  his  own  efforts,  and  is  a  credit  to  his  neigh- 
borhood and  the  industry  of  which  he  is  so  able  a  representative. 

George  W.  Dennis  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  over  twenty 
years,  coming  here  after  a  professional  and  business  career  in  the  Middle 
West.  In  business  atTairs  he  has  been  actively  identified  with  real  estate 
in  Riverside,  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  authorities  on  values  and  pos- 
sibilities in  this  section  of  the  state. 

Mr.  Dennis  was  born  in  Marshall  County,  Illinois,  September  23, 
1848.  His  father,  James  Dennis,  was  a  native  of  England,  but  spent 
most  of  his  life  on  a  farm  in  Marshall  County,  Illinois.  He  also  held 
the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace  there. 

George  W.  Dennis  was  well  educated  in  grammar  and  high  schools 
and  in  early  life  took  up  the  study  and  practice  of  dentistry  at  LaSalle, 
Illinois.  He  practiced  dentistry  altogether  for  thirty  years.  During 
ten  years  of  that  time  he  was  in  the  drug  business  in  Nebraska. 

Mr.  Dennis  reached  Riverside  September  7,  1898.  For  two  years 
he  resumed  his  former  business  as  a  druggist,  and  has  since  been  giving 
his  time  to  real  estate  operations,  many  of  which  have  involved  large 
and  important  transactions  in  Riverside  and  vicinity.  For  three  or  four 
years  he  also  handled  insurance,  but  his  entire  time  is  now  given  to  a 
general  real  estate  business. 

Mr.  Dennis  is  a  republican,  and  was  formerly  active  in  party  affairs. 
He  at  one  time  was  an  alderman  at  Tecumseh,  Nebraska,  where  he  con- 
ducted a  drug  store  for  seven  years.  In  California  he  has  founS  profitable 
interests  as  an  orange  grower.  At  one  time  he  had  forty-five  acres  in 
citrus  fruit,  but  has  sold  all  this  property.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks  and  the  Congregational  Church. 

September  23,  1872,  at  Henry,  Illinois,  Mr.  Dennis  married  Miss 
Sarah  Poole,  who  was  born  in  that  state,  a  daughter  of  Guy  and  Soph- 
ronia  Poole.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dennis  are  the  parents  of  five  children: 
Bertha,  at  home;  Edith,  wife  of  W.  E.  Neblett,  a  druggist  at  Riverside; 
Charles,  a  real  estate  man  at  Los  Angeles ;  Fred,  a  dentist  at  Alhambra ; 
and  Guy,  who  died  in  1900. 

Ernest  M.'\rtin,  postmaster  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of  the  men 
of  this  part  of  California  who  has  earned  the  consideration  of  his 
fellow  citizens  because  of  the  commendable  public  spirit  he  has  always 
shown,  and  the  part  he  has  played  in  the  advancement  of  this  locality. 
For  a  number  of  years  he  was  connected  with  the  newspaper  business, 
and  in  this  connection  rendered  yoeman  service  to  tha  democratic 
party.  Since  his  appointment  in  1914  he  has  had  charge  of  the  San 
Bernardino  Post  Office,  and  under  his  wise  and  effective  management 
and  progressive  methods  the  business  of  this  office  has  been  so  measur- 
ably increased  that  it  has  been  found  necessary  to  enlarge  the  floor 
space  to  double  its  former  capacity.  During  his  administration  the 
receipts  of  the  office  have  grown  from  $46,884.94  tu  $75,048.66. 

Mr.  Martin  was  born  in  Indiana,  November  1,  1874,  a  son  of  Cap- 
tain Henry  B.  Martin.  The  latter  was  born  in  Indiana  and  became 
an  attorney  and  newspaper  man  of  distinction.     In   early   life  he   was 


SAN  LSERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         929 

engaged  in  surveying  and  was  in  Iowa  for  a  time.  While  at  Webster 
Cit)'  he  was  made  eaptain  of  a  compan)-  of  Erontier  Guards.  \\'hilc 
so  serving  in  1857-1859  he  was  sent  to  quell  the  Indians  at  Spirit  Lake, 
Iowa,  when  they  broke  out  and  massacred  the  whites,  and  had  an  excit- 
ing experience.  During  the  war  between  the  North  and  the  South  he 
served  as  captain  of  Company  A,  Second  Kentucky  Volunteer  Infantry, 
and  was  wounded  at  the  battles  of  Barboursville  and  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga.  He  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Stone  River,  Corinth 
and  many  others.  After  the  close  of  the  war  he  went  to  Indiana,  and 
later  to  Webster  City,  Iowa,  and  there  was  captain  of  the  Frontier 
Guards.  In  1898  he  came  to  San  Bernardino,  and  with  his  sons  and 
daughter  was  engaged  in  newspaper  work,  but  finally  returned  to  his 
old  home  in  Indiana,  and  there  he  and  his  wife  died  in  1913,  not  far 
from  their  birthplace.  David  Martin,  the  great-great-grandfather,  was 
a  soldier  in  the  .American  Revolution,  and  was  killed  while  serving  in 
the  Colonial  Army. 

Ernest  Martin  was  reared  at  Greencastle,  Indiana,  and  attended  its 
schools.  His  first  business  experience  was  gained  with  a  newspaper  owned 
by  his  family,  and  in  1898  he  accompanied  his  father  and  family  West 
to  San  Bernardino,  where  they  founded  the  San  Bernardino  daily  and 
weekly  Transcri])t,  and  conducted  it  for  four  years.  They  then  sold 
it  to  Holbrook  Brothers,  and  this  journal  was  later  consolidated  with 
the  Index,  with  which  Mr.  Martin  was  connected  until  1914.  During 
nearly  all  this  period  he  represented  as  correspondent  the  Hearst  news- 
papers. In  1914  he  resigned  his  position  to  accept  the  appointment  of 
postmaster  from  President  Wilson.  In  1918  he  was  re-appointed,  and 
still  holds  the  office. 

With  the  record  of  his  family  behind  him  it  was  only  natural  for 
Mr.  Martin  to  want  to  enter  the  military  service  during  the  World 
war,  in  spite  of  the  need  for  his  remaining  at  home  and  caring  for 
the  affairs  of  his  office,  and  he  registered  and  was  expecting  to  be 
called  when  the  signing  of  the  armistice  put  an  end  to  the  necessity 
of  enrolling  any  more  men. 

Mr.  Martin  married  Miss  Dora  Cooley,  a  daughter  of  George  M. 
Cooley,  January  21,  1903.  Fraternally  Mr.  Martin  is  a  charter  and  life 
member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective 
Order  of  Elks,  and  a  charter  member  of  the  Lions  Club.  He  is  one  of 
the  sound,  reliable  and  enterprising  men  of  the  city,  and  one  who  can  be 
depended  upon  at  all  times  to  do  everything  within  his  power  to  add  to 
the  prestige  of  his  city  and  county,  and  to  give  to  the  people  an 
efficient  and  satisfactory  service  as  head  of  the  .San  Bernardino  Post 
Office. 

Alfred  W.  Manning — With  the  exception  of  a  short  period  of  ab- 
sence Mr.  Manning  has  been  a  resident  of  California  since  May  23,  1859, 
when  gold  dust  and  gold  slugs  were  still  accepted  as  legal  tender.  Now 
venerable  in  years,  this  sterling  pioneer  is  living  retired  in  his  pleasant 
home  at  250  Main  Street,  Riverside.  In  the  early  days  Mr.  Manning 
became  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  popular  men  in  San  Francisco, 
and  there  are  but  few  of  the  old  Californians  who  do  not  recall  with 
pleasure  that  famous  old  restaurant  on  Pine  Street,  between  Montgomery 
and  Kearney  Streets,  known  as  Manning's  Oyster  Grotto.  Mr.  Mann- 
ing was  the  originator  of  the  name  grotto  in  connection  with  an  oyster 
house,  and  the  title  has  since  become  popular  in  such  usage  throughout 
the  United  Stales.  He  made  his  restaurant  one  of  the  most  popular 
resorts  of  the  kind  in  San  Francisco. 


930         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Manning  was  born  in  London,  England,  March  25,  1840,  a  son 
of  Dr.  George  Manning,  who  was  one  of  the  prominent  physicians  and 
surgeons  of  the  world  metropolis  and  who  had  five  diplomas,  one  of  his 
brother's  and  also  their  father  having  likewise  been  distinguished  physi- 
cians. The  maiden  name  of  Mr.  Manning's  mother  was  Eliza  Cronin, 
her  father,  Daniel  Cronin,  having  been  a  man  of  fine  scholarship  and 
a  representative  of  a  family  of  wealth  and  influence  in  London.  At  the 
age  of  fourteen  years  Alfred  W.  Manning  ran  away  from  home,  and 
thereafter  his  adventures  included  visits  to  the  various  countries  of 
Europe,  as  well  as  India,  East  Africa  and  all  parts  of  the  United  States. 
In  1859  he  made  the  voyage  around  Cape  Horn  to  California,  and  the 
following  year  found  him  on  the  Eraser  River  in  British  Columbia,  and 
thence  overland  to  Buzzard's  Inlet,  now  Vancouver.  He  took  one  of 
the  first  cayuse  trains  into  the  Caribou  mining  district  in  British  Colum- 
bia, in  1862,  and  was  engaged  in  mining  there  and  on  Eraser  River  three 
and  one-half  years.  A  physical  injury  then  caused  him  to  return  to 
San  Francisco,  which  city  had  37,000  population  at  the  time  of  his  first 
visit,  in  1859.  Mr.  Manning  was  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  when  Ere- 
mont  became  the  first  republican  candidate  for  president  of  the  United 
States,  and  in  the  next  national  election  he  cast  his  first  presidential  vote, 
for  Abraham  Lincoln.  In  1872  Mr.  Manning  established  his  restaurant 
in  San  Erancisco,  where  he  continued  in  the  restaurant  and  hotel  busi- 
ness for  the  long  period  of  forty-three  years.  Many  famous  men  visited 
his  oyster  grotto,  including  Mark  Twain,  and  the  De  Youngs  were  ap- 
preciative patrons  of  the  place.  He  initiated  advertising  in  the  personal 
department  of  the  San  Francisco  Chronicle,  and  continued  his  adver- 
tising in  the  same  twelve  years.  In  1889  he  disposed  of  his  restaurant 
and  purchased  another,  at  13-15  Powell  Street,  but  this  he  sold  a  year 
later,  on  account  of  a  waiters'  strike.  He  then  built  the  Sherman  apart- 
ment house  of  146  rooms  and  eight  stores,  on  Eighth  Street,  between 
Market  and  Manning's  Place,  this  having  been  the  second  apartment 
building  erected  in  San  Erancisco.  By  reason  of  the  impaired  health 
of  his  wife  he  turned  this  property  over  to  the  charge  of  one  of  his  sons 
and  in  1904  came  to  Riverside,  where  he  has  since  maintained  his  home. 
In  1906  the  apartment  house  was  destroyed  by  fire,  with  but  little  in- 
surance indemnity. 

Mr.  Manning  lias  continued  his  allegiance  to  the  republican  party, 
was  somewhat  active  in  San  Erancisco  politics  and  was  one  of  the  forty 
men  who  started  the  non-partisan  municipal  ticket  in  that  city.  He  was 
nominated  for  supervisor  of  the  Second  Ward,  but  withdrew  in  favor 
of  a  friend.  Mr.  Manning  is  the  oldest  Hfe  member  of  the  San  Eran- 
cisco Academy  of  Sciences  and  is  a  trustee  of  the  Swedenborgian  Society, 
or  New  Jerusalem  Church,  he  having  been  president  of  this  society  in 
San  Francisco  for  several  years  and  thereafter  its  librarian.  He  became 
the  owner  of  the  Herculean  Mine  in  Baker  County,  Oregon,  and  held  this 
property  many  years  before  he  disposed  of  the  same.  He  was  formerly 
a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce.  Two  of  his  brothers 
were  gallant  .soldiers  of  the  Union  in  the  Civil  war,  both  died  in  Cali- 
fornia and  both  received  burial  under  the  auspices  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the   Republic. 

Mr.  Manning  has  done  and  is  still  doing  much  writing  for  magazines 
and  other  periodicals,  and  so  wide  and  varied  have  been  his  personal 
experiences  that  there  is  much  demand  for  articles  from  his  pen  on  re- 
ligious subjects. 

In  1864  he  married  Sarah  Jane  Quigley,  a  native  of  Illinois,  whence 
her  father,  William  Quigley,  came  with  his  family  to  Sonoma  County, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         931 

California.  Of  the  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Manning,  all  of  whom  were 
born  in  San  Francisco,  Lilah,  the  first  born,  died  in  infancy.  Ira,  a  finan- 
cier in  New  York  City,  married  Marie  Bluxton ;  daughter  of  Colonel 
Bluxton,  a  pioneer  Cahfornian,  and  the  three  children  of  this  union  are 
Salina.  Helen  and  Virginia.  Ernest  L.,  at  present  a  resident  of  River- 
side, has  been  supplying  help  for  the  Arizona  Cotton  Association.  He 
married  Mary  Costello,  and  they  have  two  children,  Janice  and  Wilma. 
Helen  Elizabeth  is  the  wife  of  C.  F.  Prentiss,  who  is  associated  with  a 
wholesale  hardware  house  at  Sacramento,  and  their  only  child,  Rvelyn, 
is  there  assistant  librarian  of  the  state  law  library.  Alfred  E.  died  in 
infancy.  Mark  E.  is  an  architect  and  resides  in  San  Francisco.  Ruby  R. 
is  the  wife  of  Alexander  C.  Fulniore,  who  was  born  in  Humboldt  County, 
California,  and  who  is  now  county  engineer  of  Riverside  County.  They 
have  five  children.  Prentiss,  who  was  born  in  Sacramento,  is  now  pharma- 
cist mate  on  the  flagship  "Wilmington,"  of  the  United  States  Navy,  in 
which  he  enlisted  at  the  time  of  the  World  war.  He  served  on  transports 
which  brought  American  soldiers  back  from  France  and  made  several 
trips  across  the  .'\tlantic.  Helen  and  Dorothy  are  students  in  the  River- 
side High  School,  as  members  respectively  of  the  classes  of  1923  and  1925, 
and  Alfred  and  Roselle  are  attending  the  Riverside  schools.  Mrs.  Fulmor 
is  a  member  of  the  New  Jerusalem  Church  and  of  the  Tuesday  Musical 
Club  of  Riverside. 

Oakley  K.  Morton.  One  of  the  younger  attorneys  of  the  City  of 
Riverside,  Oakley  K.  Morton  has  accomplished  much  in  a  space  of  time, 
for  he  has  crowded  a  fund  of  experience  into  his  life.  He  prepared  for 
his  chosen  profession  by  acquiring  an  education  far  more  extensive  than 
the  average  attorney  deems  necessary.  That  he  has  put  it  to  good  use 
already  is  shown  by  his  successful  record  as  assistant  district  attorney 
of  Riverside  County  under  District  Attorney  Loyal  C.  Kelley  for  the 
past  four  years.  His  work  in  the  district  attorney's  office  has  not  required 
all  of  his  time,  and  since  locating  in  Riverside  he  has  built  up  an  extensive 
general  law  practice. 

He  has  also  had  considerable  experience  outside  of  his  profession 
in  a  business  way.  For  four  seasons  he  engaged  in  the  tourist  business 
as  city  passenger  agent  for  the  Wylie  Permanent  Camping  Company 
of  Yellowstone  Park,  with  offices  in  Salt  Lake  City  and  in  Ogden,  Utah. 

O.  K.  Morton  was  born  in  Crown  Point,  Indiana,  August  2,  1891. 
the  son  of  Byron  C.  Morton  and  Stella  A.  Morton,  also  natives  of  Indiana. 
His  father  and  grandfather,  C.  M.  Morton,  were  both  prominent  attorneys 
of  Northern  Indiana  and  trace  their  ancestry  to  pre-revolutionary  days, 
which  was  of  English  and  Scotch  descent. 

Mr.  Morton  attended  the  public  schools  and  the  high  school  of  Crown 
Point,  and  then  went  to  the  University  of  Chicago  in  1910,  from  which 
he  was  graduated  with  a  degree  of  Ph.  B.  in  the  class  of  1914.  After 
another  year's  study  in  the  University  of  Chicago  Law  School  he  came 
to  California  and  finished  his  course  in  Leland  Stanford  Junior  Uni- 
versity, graduating  with  the  class  of  1916,  with  a  degree  of  "Doctor  of 
Jurisprudence."    He  was  admitted  to  practice  May  23,  1916,  in  California. 

On  September  20,  1916,  he  located  in  Riverside,  California,  for  the 
general  practice  of  law  in  the  law  offices  of  Richard  L.  North.  The  fol- 
lowing spring  he  opened  associated  offices  known  as  "Kelley,  Morton  & 
Richardson."  On  Loyal  C.  Kelley 's  election  as  district  attorney  of 
Riverside  County  two  years  later  he  was  selected  for  assistant  district 
attorney,  which  position  he  now  holds. 


932         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIXMRSIDI-:  lOL'N'llES 

In  politics  Mr.  Morton  is  a  strong  republican,  and, has  been  very  active 
in  the  aflFairs  of  that  party.  .\t  present  he  is  chairman  of  the  Republican 
Ways  and  Means  Committee  of  Riverside  County,  and  was  also  secretary 
of  the  Harding-Coolidge  Club  of  Riverside.  He  is  a  member  of  River- 
side Commandcry,  Knights  Templar,  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  V.  and 
A.  M.,  Riverside  Lodge  No.  643.  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks,  Kiwanis  Club  of  Riverside,  and  is  also  a  member  of  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon  Fraternity. 

Mr.  Morton  married  in  Los  Angeles,  June  14,  1917,  May  J.  Jensen, 
a  native  of  Iowa  and  the  daughter  of  A.  P.  Jensen,  who  is  now  retired 
and  is  living  in  Los  Angeles.  They  are  the  parents  of  two  children. 
Oakley  K.,  Jr.,  and  Byron  C.  Morton. 

James  H,  Jord.\n,  dealer  in  goverment  and  municipal  bonds,  with 
office  headquarters  in  the  Loring  Block  in  the  City  of  Riverside,  was 
born  at  Eufaula,  Alabama,  March  27,  1885,  a  .son  of  George  Pierce  Jordan 
and  Martha  (Balcom)  Jordan,  both  natives  of  the  State  of  Georgia. 
The  father  is  deceased  and  the  widowed  mother  now  resides  in  the  City 
of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

In  the  public  schools  of  Atlanta,  Georgia,  James  H.  Jordan  continued 
his  studies  until  his  graduation  from  the  high  school  as  a  member  of  the 
class  of  1902.  Shortly  afterward  he  assumed  a  position  in  the  offices 
of  the  Southeastern  Tariff  Association,  an  institution  which  made  and 
promulgated  all  fire-insurance  rates  in  practically  all  of  the  southern 
states,  with  branch  offices  in  the  principal  cities  of  the  various  states  of 
the  South.  Mr.  Jordan  was  eventually  transferred  from  Atlanta  to  the 
association's  office  at  Birmingham,  Alabama,  and  after  there  continuing 
his  effective  service  for  a  brief  period  he  resigned  his  position  to  accept 
that  of  cashier  of  the  West  Pratt  Coal  Company.  In  1907  Henry  B. 
Gray  president  of  this  company,  took  Mr.  Jordan  into  his  private  banking 
institution,  the  Peoples  Trust  &  .Savings  Bank,  in  the  capacity  of  private 
secretary,  Mr.  Gray  having  been  elected,  about  this  time  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Alabama.  In  1909  Mr.  Jordan  set  forth  for  a  pleasure-  trip 
to  San  Francisco,  and  he  found  the  Pacific  Coast  so  alluring  that  his  leave 
of  absence  was  made  permanent,  the  while  the  business  affairs  with  which 
he  had  been  associated  at  Birmingham.  Alabama,  were  so  adjusted  that 
he  did  not  find  it  necessary  to  return  to  that  state.  In  San  Francisco 
Mr.  Jordan  took  a  position  as  stenographer  in  the  office  of  a  leading 
security  investment  concern,  and  in  less  than  a  year  he  became  one  of  its 
traveling  representatives  in  the  sale  of  securities.  In  1915  he  engaged 
independently  in  the  bond  business  in  the  City  of  Riverside,  and  he  had 
developed  a  prosperous  enterprise  at  the  time  when  the  nation  became 
involved  in  the  \\'orld  war.  He  promptly  subordinated  all  personal  in- 
terests to  the  call  of  patriotism,  his  enlistment  having  occurred  in  July, 
1918.  He  took  the  examination  for  entrance  to  the  Officers'  Training 
School,  was  passed  and  was  assigned  to  the  Fifth  Company,  Third  Bat- 
talion, I.  C.  O.  T.  S.,  at  Camp  Pike,  Arkansas.  The  armistice  was  signed 
about  three  weeks  before  the  scheduled  graduation  of  this  battalion,  and 
the  great  objective  of  the  war  having  been  gained  practically  all  of  the 
student  officers  of  the  battalion  elected  to  return  to  civilian  life,  and  the 
early  part  of  1919  found  Mr.  Jordan  again  in  charge  of  his  Riverside 
office. 

In  November,  1919,  was  solemnized  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Jordan  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Gore,  daughter  of  John  W.  and  Elizabeth  (Lee)  Gore, 
who  were  among  the  pioneer  settlers  of  Redlands,  California.     Mr.  and 


^JiA/^i^lA^  J^\J/^^<^^^^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        933 

Mrs.  Jordan  have  a  fine  little  son,  James  H.,  Jr.,  who  was  born  January 
29,  1921. 

Frank  T.  Trujillo — The  founder  of  the  Trujillo  family,  whose 
name  is  often  written  in  the  early  history  of  Southern  California  and 
which  has  been  one  of  the  highest  standing  in  the  district  comprising 
San  Bernardino  and  Riverside  counties,  located  here  as  early  as  1841. 
His  only  surviving  son,  Dario  Trujillo,  is  a  prominent  old  time  mining 
man  now  living  at  Ferris,  and  was  born  at  Spanishtown,  on  the  border 
between   Riverside  and   San   Bernardino   counties. 

A  son  of  Dario  Trujillo  is  Frank  T.  Trujillo,  who  was  born  at 
Spanishtown  August  22,  1881.  In  a  business  way  he  has  become 
widely  known  for  his  success  in  the  real  estate  field  at  San  Bernardino. 
He  also  has  to  his  credit  a  record  of  service  with  the  American  forces 
in  France.  He  was  educated  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of 
Riverside  County.  After  leaving  school  his  first  occupations  were  in 
line  with  his  father's  business,  and  he  worked  in  the  Good  Hope, 
Santa  Rosa  and  Gaviland  mining  districts  of  Riverside.  Out  of  his 
practical  experience  he  became  a  contractor,  handling  all  kinds  of  under- 
ground work.  The  poisonous  gasses  from  the  burned  powder  caused 
him  to  abandon  mining  as  an  occupation.  He  then  took  up  real  estate, 
and  is  an  acknowledged  authority  on  the  superficial  as  well  as  the  geo- 
logical resources  of  this  section.  He  is  a  skilled  geologist,  an  expert 
in  soils,  and  has  been  identified  with  real  estate  operations  both  at 
Ferris  and  Los  Angeles. 

January  24,  1918,  he  enlisted  in  Company  C  of  the  27th  Mining 
Engineers  organization.  His  active  service  covered  a  period  of  ten 
months.  While  overseas  he  was  a  participant  in  the  battles  of  the 
Marne  and  the  Argonne,  and  was  at  the  historic  points  of  conflict 
known  as  Belleau  Wood  and  Paris  Farm.  He  received  his  honorable 
discharge  May  4,   1919. 

After  the  war  Mr.  Trujillo  opened  his  offices  at  San  Bernardino. 
In  real  estate  he  specialized  in  acreage,  improved  and  unimproved. 
From  1910  to  1913,  while  a.ssociated  with  H.  A.  Shiffer  at  Ferris,  his 
firm  handled  two  million  dollars  worth  of  acreage  property.  He  also 
retains  some  interest  in  the  silica  and  feldspar  deposits  and  granite 
fiuarries  of  Riverside  county.  Mr.  Trujillo  is  a  member  of  the  Native 
Sons  of  the  Golden  West  and  the  American  Legion. 

At  San  Bernardino  December  14,  1904,  he  married  Lola  Ingman,  a 
native  of  Kansas,  daughter  of  the  late  Louis  Ingman.  The  two  chil- 
dren of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Trujillo  are  John  and  Lenore,  the  former  in 
the  class  of  1922  and  the  latter  in  the  class  of  1924  at  the  Ferris 
High   School. 

Terry  V.  Davenport  has  been  engaged  in  the  plumbing  business  at 
Riverside  since  1906,  has  built  up  a  substantial  and  representative  enter- 
prise in  this  field  and  is  known  and  valued  as  one  of  the  wide-awake  and 
])rogressive  young  business  men  and  loyal  and  appreciative  citizens  of 
Riverside  County.  Further  interest  attaches  to  his  status  in  the  community 
by  reason  of  the  fact  that  he  is  a  native  son  of  California,  his  birth  having 
occurred  in  Surprise  Valley,  in  Modoc  County,  on  the  22nd  of  July, 
1882.  His  father,  T.  W.  Davenport,  who  is  now  living  virtually  retired 
at  Arlington,  Riverside  County,  was  born  in  Missouri,  devoted  the  major 
part  of  his  active  career  to  farm  industry  and  served  during  the  Civil 
war  as  a  gallant  soldier  of  the  Union.  He  is  a  republican  in  political 
allegiance,  was  active  in  public  aflfairs  in  earlier  years  and  served  for  a 
time  as  judge  nf  the   Superior  Court  of   Dade   County.   Missouri.     He 


934         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

first  came  to  California  in  1881,  and  established  his  home  on  a  farm  in 
Modoc  County,  where  his  son  Terry  V.  of  this  review  was  born.  Finally 
T.  W.  Davenport  returned  to  Missouri,  but  in  1906  he  came  again  to 
California,  where  he  continued  his  association  with  agricultural  enterprise 
until  his  retirement,  since  which  time  he  has  resided  in  his  pleasant  home 
at  Arlington.  He  is  affiliated  with  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and 
with  the  Masonic  fraternity.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Scotland.  As 
a  young  man  T.  W.  Davenport  wedded  Miss  Mary  Davis,  who  likewise 
was  born  and  reared  in  Missouri,  the  Davis  family  lineage  tracing  back 
to  staunch  English  origin  and  representatives  of  the  name  having  come 
to  America  in  the  colonial  period,  as  attested  by  the  fact  that  members 
of  the  family  were  found  as  patriot  soldiers  of  the  Continental  Line  in 
the  \\'ar  of  the  Revolution.  The  gracious  marital  ties  of  many  years  were 
severed  when  the  loved  wife  and  mother  was  summoned  to  the  life  eternal, 
her  death  having  occurred  in  December,  1919. 

The  early  education  of  Terry  V.  Davenport  was  obtained  principally 
in  the  public  schools  of  Missouri,  and  his  initial  experience  of  practical 
order  was  in  connection  with  farm  operations,  with  which  he  continued 
his  association  in  Missouri  until  1905,  when  he  there  learned  the  plumber's 
trade.  In  1906  he  came  with  his  parents  to  California,  the  state  of  his 
nativity,  and  for  the  first  year  thereafter  he  followed  the  work  of  his 
trade  in  an  individual  way  at  Riverside.  He  then  formed  a  partnership 
with  his  brother,  J.  H.  Davenport,  and  they  continued  the  plumbing 
business  under  the  title  of  Davenport  Brothers  until  1913,  when  Terry 
V.  sold  his  interest  and  resumed  independent  operations.  He  has  built 
up  a  substantial  and  prosperous  business,  fully  fifty  per  cent,  of  which  is 
of  contract  order,  and  a  large  part  of  the  new  plumbing  work  in  the  River- 
side district  in  recent  years  has  been  installed  by  him.  In  partnership 
with  his  brother-in-law,  C.  E.  Sunstedt,  he  is  the  owner  also  of  a  well 
improved  alfalfa  and  cotton  ranch  of  120  acres  in  the  Palo  Verde  Valley, 
and  the  place  is  under  the  direct  management  of  Mr.  Sunstedt.  He  has 
varied  mining  interests  in  both  California  and  Nevada. 

Though  he  has  had  no  desire  to  enter  the  arena  of  practical  politics, 
Mr.  Davenport  is  aligned  loyally  in  the  ranks  of  the  republican  party. 
He  is  affiliated  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the 
Woodmen  of  the  World,  and  both  he  and  his  wife  hold  membership  in 
the  United  Brethren  Church  of  Riverside,  in  which  he  is  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Stewards. 

December  21,  1905,  recorded  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Davenport  with 
Miss  Eva  Harp,  who  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York  and  whose 
mother,  Mrs.  Helen  Harp,  resided  in  that  state  until  her  death  in  Sep- 
tember, 1921.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Davenport  became  the  parents  of  one  son 
and  four  daughters,  the  son  having  died  in  infancy.  Lois  Evelyn,  eldest 
of  the  daughters,  is  a  member  of  the  class  of  1923  in  the  Riverside  High 
School ;  Alta  May  and  Norma  Aileen  are  likewise  attending  the  public 
schools ;  and  Rachel  Ann,  who  maintains  gracious  sovereignty  in  the 
family  home  circle,  is  not  yet  of  school  age  at  the  time  of  this  writing, 
in  1921. 

Everett  C.  Blackmore  has  been  a  Southern  Californian  since  child- 
hood, and  for  a  number  of  years  has  been  identified  with  some  of  River- 
side County's  most  important  interests.  From  grain  raising  he  took 
volunteer  service  for  the  Government  during  the  World  war,  and  since 
then  has  been  a  leader  in  real  estate  and  insurance  circles  at  Riverside. 

Mr.  Blackmore  was  born  at  Morse  in  Johnson  County.  Iowa,  in  1888. 
His  father,  Charles  Blackmore,  was  a  native  of  England.     His  mother. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        935 

Mary  R.  Morse,  was  born  in  Iowa  and  is  now  deceased.  His  grand- 
father was  an  Iowa  pioneer  for  whom  the  town  of  Morse  was  named. 
This  is  the  same  family  as  that  to  which  the  perfector  of  the  telegraphic 
code  belonged.  The  Morses  are  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  English 
descent. 

Everett  C.  Blackmore  was  six  years  of  age  when  his  father  came  to 
California  in  1894  and  purchased  a  ten  acre  orange  grove  near  Santa 
Ana  in  Orange  County.  Charles  Blackmore  has  for  a  quarter  of  a  century 
been  active  in  Orange  culture.  The  son  received  his  education  in  the 
grammar  and  high  schools  of  Orange  County.  When  he  left  school  he 
took  up  grain  ranching  on  an  extensive  scale  in  French  Valley,  south 
of  Winchester,  in  Riverside  County.  For  twelve  successive  years  his 
work  was  one  of  arduous  responsibility  in  keeping  up  the  production  of 
wheat  and  barley  on  a  tract  of  six  hundred  acres.  Immediately  after 
America  entered  the  war  with  Germany  he  sold  his  interests  to  his 
brother,  J.  M.  Blackmore,  and  joined  the  War  Council  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
at  Camp  Kearney,  serving  without  pay  throughout  the  war. 

Receiving  his  discharge  in  January,  1919,  and,  after  a  few  months 
of  rest,  he  came  to  Riverside  in  November  of  the  same  year,  and  became 
special  agent  for  the  Riverside  County  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Com- 
pany, which  was  organized  in  1917,  and  of  which  Mr.  Blackmore  has 
been  one  of  the  directors  since  1920.  This  is  a  company  organized 
not  for  profit  but  for  saving  money,  and  a  full  review  of  the  organiza- 
tion and  aims  is  given  elsewhere  in  this  publication.  Mr.  Blackmore 
is  a  pioneer  in  Mutual  benefit  projects  in  Riverside  and  vicinity.  Be- 
sides his  work  as  special  agent  for  the  County  Mutual,  on  August  1, 
1920,  he  formed  a  copartnership  with  G.  O.  Tetley,  under  the  name 
Tetley  &  Blackmore.  and  they  now  conduct  a  general  real  estate  and 
fire  insurance  business. 

On  September  10,  1921.  Mr.  Blackmore  was  elected  a  director  and 
acting  secretary  of  the  California  Mutual  Life  Benefit  Association,  a 
non-profit  organization,  organized  November  25,  1920,  in  Riverside, 
the  object  being  a  state  wide  life  benefit  association.  It  is  now  doing 
business  in  Riverside,  San  Bernardino,  Orange  and  Los  Angeles  coun- 
ties. Its  officers  are:  President.  W.  H.  Ellis;  secretary,  J.  E.  Harris, 
treasurer,  W.  A.  Johnson.  The  directors  are  W.  H.  Ellis,  G.  A.  Mills. 
J.  E.  Harris,  Geo.  A.  Portus.  Everett  C.  Blackmore  The  depository 
is  with  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside 

Mr.  Blackmore  is  a  member  of  Riverside  Lodge  No.  643,  Benev- 
olent and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and  is  a  democratic  voter. 
August  25,  1920,  at  Santa  Ana,  he  married  Miss  Grace  A.  Hatfield. 
She  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  her  father,  George  A.  Hatfield, 
is  a  cabinet  maker  at  Santa  Ana.  She  is  a  member  of  an  old  Ameri- 
can family  of  English  descent. 

Mr.  Blackmore  has  two  brothers  and  two  sisters.  His  twin  brother, 
J.  M.  Blackmore,  still  continues  grain  ranching  in  the  French  Valley. 
He  married  Ednee  Nicholas,  a  native  of  that  valley  and  daughter  of 
a  pioneer,  Marius  Nicholas.  They  have  three  children.  The  second 
brother.  Bayard  C.  Blackmore,  was  the  first  to  enlist  from  the  Santa 
Ana  district  when  America  declared  war  against  Germany,  and  after  train- 
ing at  Camj)  Kearney  was  sent  overseas  with  the  Fourth  Division  and 
was  in  all  the  engagements  of  that  command  in  France  and  then  con- 
tinued with  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Germany  until  1920.  Since 
his  return  he  has  been  engaged  in  carpenter  and  building  work  at 
Santa  Ana. 


936         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

The  older  sister,  Sue  H.,  is  the  wife  of  Roy  I.  Smith,  an  orchardist 
at  Trustin,  California,  and  they  have  two  children.  The  younger  sis- 
ter, Mary  H.,  is  the  wife  of  Marius  Nicholas,  a  brother  of  Ednee,  and 
they  live  on  a  grain  ranch  in  the  French  Valley  and  are  the  parents 
of  two  children. 

Charles  A.  Ohliiauskx  has  been  identified  with  the  working  good 
citizenship  of  Riverside  for  over  thirty  years.  When  the  use  of 
cement  was  practically  a  new  thing  in  building  construction  Mr.  Obl- 
hausen  began  handling  that  material,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  cement  con- 
tractors in  Southern  California.  He  has  studied  the  material  and  its  use, 
has  made  practical  application  of  it  to  every  possible  form  of  construction 
and  his  experience  in  the  practical  as  well  as  in  the  scientific  side  makes 
him  a  noteworthy  authority  as  a  consulting  engineer. 

Mr.  Ohlhausen  is  probably  the  only  man  of  that  name  in  the 
linited  States.  Up  to  his  father's  time  the  name  was  Von  Ohlhausen. 
It  was  the  name  of  one  of  the  old  titled  families  of  Holland.  Charles 
.\.  Ohlhausen  was  born  in  St.  Louis  County,  Missouri,  September  17, 
1859.  His  father,  William  V.  Ohlhausen,  was  a  native  of  Holland 
who  came  to  this  country  when  a  young  man.  He  was  a  farmer,  also 
a  country  mechanic,  and  had  that  all  around  versatility  in  mechanical 
lines  seldom  found  nowadays.  He  was  well  versed  in  cooperage  and 
also  a  wagon  and  harness  maker,  and  possessed  a  genial  character  that 
made  him  a  citizen  of  influence  in  the  community  where  he  lived.  Ow- 
ing to  physical  disability  his  services  were  not  accepted  at  the  time  of 
the  Civil  war.  William  Ohlhausen  married  Suzanna  Terry,  who  was 
born  in  Virginia,  of  an  old  family  of  that  commonwealth  and  of  Eng- 
lish descent. 

Charles  A.  Ohlhausen  acquired  his  early  education  in  the  public  school,'; 
of  Missouri.  His  life  up  to  the  age  of  twenty-five  was  spent  on  a  farm 
and  in  farm  work.  In  1888  he  left  St.  Louis  County  and  came  to  Cali- 
fornia, and  his  first  employment  was  at  Laguna  Beach.  The  following 
year  he  moved  to  Riverside  and  joined  the  fortunes  of  that  town  when 
it  possessed  a  meager  population.  His  work  at  first  was  in  varied  lines, 
and  for  six  years  he  was  connected  with  O.  T.  Dyer  in  the  Riverside 
Bank.  Since  then  his  time  and  study  have  been  chiefly  given  to  cement, 
and  he  is  now  the  oldest  contractor  in  the  city  and  has  handled  a  part 
of  the  construction  of  nearly  all  the  important  buildings.  He  possesses 
a  knowledge  of  cement  construction  born  of  experience  since  early  youth, 
and  his  sons  have  likewise  followed  him  in  the  choice  of  a  career.  A 
complete  list  of  the  work  Mr.  Ohlhausen  has  done  as  a  cement  contractor 
would  be  almost  a  directory  of  all  the  important  building  construction 
in  and  around  the  city.  Some  of  the  more  important  examples  of  his 
work  are  the  Mission  Inn.  County  Court  House,  Y.  I\I.  C.  A.  Building, 
Citizens  National  Bank,  Glenwood  Mission  Garage,  Freeman  Building  and 
Garage,  Girls  High  School,  Manual  Training  School,  Longfellow  School, 
Fremont  School  and,  in  fact,  all  of  the  schoolhouses  in  Riverside  and 
.Arlington,  the  City  Electric  Plant,  Congregational  Church,  Seventh  Day 
."Xdventist  Church,  Carnegie  I,ibrar\".  Southern  Sierras  Power  Building, 
the  Santa  Fe  Depot  at  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Ohlhausen  put  down  the 
first  street  in  Riverside  made  from  domestic  cement,  and  has  constructed 
miles  of  street  and  boulevard  paving.  In  connection  with  his  other  busi- 
ness he  was  for  many  years  connected  with  the  Cresnier  Manufacturing 
Company  at  Riverside. 

As  a  profitable  and  interesting  diversion  from  his  chief  business  Mr. 
Ohlhausen  has  become  a  bee  keeper,  and  has  a  fine  apiary  consisting  of 


J^^!:^*^   ^^^^^^g:.^^^^  >Hg 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        937 

over  200  stands.  For  many  years  he  was  a  devoted  democrat  in  politics, 
though  he  now  counts  himself  as  a  free  thinker  or  socialist.  While  active 
in  his  party,  he  was  a  delegate  to  state  and  county  conventions  and  for 
many  years  was  county  organizer  and  served  on  both  the  city  and  county 
central  committees.  He  was  the  first  constable  elected  in  Orange  County 
when  that  county  was  taken  out  of  San  Diego  and  Los  Angeles  counties. 
He  gave  the  full  strength  of  his  influence  to  the  movement  for  the  forma- 
tion of  Riverside  County.  He  is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of  the  Macca- 
bees and  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  has  held  chairs  in  both  orders. 
December  10.  1884,  at  Clayton,  St.  Louis  County,  Missouri,  Mr. 
Ohlhausen  married  Miss  Mary  J.  Whiteman.  She  was  born  in  that  state, 
daughter  of  Charles  ^\'hitema^,  and  is  of  Scotch  and  German  ancestry. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ohlhausen  are  well  justified  in  the  pride  they  feel  in  their 
family  of  children,  six  in  number.  The  oldest,  Annie  D.,  is  the  widow 
of  George  Ferguson  and  lives  at  Los  Angeles.  The  second,  Isabel,  is 
the  wife  of  Robert  Smith,  a  box  maker  of  Riverside,  and  they  have  two 
children,  Margery  and  Robert,  both  in  school.  The  third  of  the  family 
is  Miss  Evelyn  Ohlhausen,  at  home.  Carlton,  the  oldest  of  the  three 
sons,  is  a  cement  worker  who  learned  the  business  with  his  father  and  now 
has  charge  of  the  firm's  work  for  the  Southern  Hotel  Association  at 
Pasadena.  He  married  Louise  Hudson,  of  Hemet,  and  their  four  chil- 
dren are  Nelda,  Sherman,  George  and  Audrie.  Leroy  Ohlhausen,  also 
a  cement  worker  with  his  father,  and  employed  by  the  Cresmer  Manu- 
facturing Company  and  other  contractors,  is  an  ex-service  man,  having 
spent  eighteen  months  in  Siberia  as  a  corporal  during  the  World  war. 
He  was  a  member  of  Company  I  of  the  I2th  Infantry  and  later  of  the 
31st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.  The  youngest  of  the  family,  Chester,  is  also 
engaged  in  cement  work,  and  is  employed  by  the  Cresmer  Manufacturing 
Company   and   other   contractors. 

John  Correja — The  late  John  Correja  began  spending  his  winters 
in  California  in  1910,  and  in  1916  built  his  beautiful  home  at  136 
Ramona  Drive  at  Riverside.  Mr.  Correja  lived  to  enjoy  the  luxuries 
and  beauties  of  this  home  environment  only  two  years.  He  died  April 
17,  1918.  Mrs.  Correja  still  occupies  the  residence,  and  is  one  of  the 
very  highly  esteemed  citizens  of  the  community. 

Mr.  Correja  was  a  man  of  remarkable  attainments,  a  thorough 
business  executive  and  yet  also  an  artist  possessed  of  a  range  of  culture 
such  as  few  bu.sy  Americans  can  ever  expect  to  attain. 

For  upwards  of  a  century  the  name  has  been  conspicuous  in  the 
nietropohtan  district  of  New  York.  LIntil  his  death  Mr.  Correja 
retained  his  beautiful  country  home  at  Iselin,  Woodbridge  Township,  New 
Jersey.  For  many  years  the  family  lived  in  New  York  and  Brooklyn, 
and  the  late  John  Correja  was  born  at  Brooklyn  April  12,  1854.  His 
father,  John  Correja,  Sr.,  was  a  native  of  New  York  City,  and  the 
grandfather,  who  also  bore  the  name  John,  was  of  Portuguese  ancestry, 
at  one  time  a  sea  captain  and  for  many  years  a  resident  of  New  York 
City.     He  also  owned  a  plantation  in  Cuba. 

John  Correja,  father  of  John,  Jr.,  was  a  very  distinguished  archi- 
tect, and  between  the  years  1840  and  1870  erected  some  of  the  finest 
buildings  of  New  York,  including  the  Academy  of  Design,  Dr.  Chapin's 
Church,  and  many  warehouses  and  business  structures. 

The  late  John  Correja  was  a  graduate  of  the  Polytechnic  Institute 
of  Brooklyn,  and  was  actively  associated  with  the  architectural  pro- 
fession with  his  father  until  1890,  when  he  gave  up  active  business. 
From  1864  the  Correja  family  had  made  their  summer  home  in  Wood- 


938        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

bridge  Township,  New  Jersey.  The  Correja  estate  of  five  hundred 
acres  was  one  of  the  most  striking  features  in  a  section  of  beautiful 
rural  homes.  The  residence  is  surrounded  with  parks,  gardens,  farm 
lands  and  forest.  In  that  community  John  Correja  proved  his  public 
spirit  and  generosity  in  many  substantial  ways.  At  his  personal 
expense  he  opened  a  roadway  forty  feet  wide,  known  as  Correja  Road 
or  Middlesex  Avenue,  direct  to  New  York  City.  On  account  of  his 
experience  in  road  building  and  as  a  civil  engineer  and  for  his  deep 
interest  in  the  subject  of  roads  he  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  of 
New  Jersey  a  delegate  to  one  of  the  pioneer  good  roads  conventions 
held  at  Buffalo.  New  York.  He  was  a  republican  in  politics.  For 
twelve  years  he  was  a  trustee  of  his  school  district,  being  a  member 
of  the  first  board.  He  was  afterward  chosen  freeholder  of  the  town- 
ship. He  was  also  a  member  of  the  County  Agricultural  Society,  the 
Colonial  Golf  Club,  the  Woodbridge  Athletic  Association  and  was  inter- 
ested in  banking. 

Mr.  Correja  married  Miss  Emma  Augusta  Ransom,  a  native  of  New 
York  City,  daughter  of  William  K.  and  Elizabeth  Ransom.  Her  father 
was  a  New  York  business  man,  and  represented  an  old  American  family 
of  English  descent.  Mrs.  Correja's  grandparents  on  both  sides  were 
born  in  New  York  City. 

From  their  first  acquaintance  with  California  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Correja 
were  especially  charmed  with  Riverside,  and  after  building  their  home 
they  showed  their  interest  in  many  practical  ways  in  the  community  life. 
Mr.  Correja  served  as  a  member  of  the  local  School  Board.  He  was 
wholly  the  artist  not  only  in  architecture  but  in  painting  and  drawing, 
and  did  much  creditable  work  in  oil.  He  was  also  interested  in  elec- 
tricity, and  fitted  up  a  model  shop  with  the  idea  of  delving  more 
deeply  into  the  subject.  Another  interest  that  was  something  more  than 
theoretical  was  automobile  building.  He  built  what  was  known  as  the 
Correja  car  and  manufactured  a  number  of  both  touring  cars  and 
roadsters,  which  possessed  not  only  fine  lines  but  also  excelled  in 
power  and  hill  climbing.  When  Mr.  Correja  withdrew  from  the  busi- 
ness and  came  to  California  he  brought  one  of  his  touring  cars,  and 
it  is  still  in  the  garage  at  the  Riverside  home. 

Mr.  Correja  was  an  enthusiastic  collector  of  armor  and  arms  of  the 
ancient  type,  and  the  home  on  Ramona  Drive  is  filled  with  a  wonderful 
collection  of  this  kind.  As  a  memorial  Mrs.  Correja  gave  to  the  River- 
side Library  his  fine  and  complete  collection  of  architectural  books, 
probably  the  finest  collection  of  its  kind  in  the  state.  It  is  known  as  the 
John  Correja  Collection,  and  comprises  Greek,  Latin,  Italian,  Gothic, 
French,  Holland  and  German  works. 

Anthony  Ruskauff,  vice-president  of  the  Almo  Water  Company 
and  one  of  the  representative  farmers  and  poultry  growers  of  the  River- 
side district,  has  been  a  resident  of  California  since  1907.  Prior  experi- 
ence in  various  states  of  the  Union  but  emphasized  his  appreciation  of 
the  attraction  and  advantages  of  Southern  California  when  he  decided 
here  to  establish  his  permanent  home,  and  in  Riverside  County  abundant 
success  has  attended  his  industrial  activities.  That  he  coincides  with 
the  opinions  of  the  late  and  honored  Colonel  Theodore  Roosevelt  in  the 
matter  of  "race  suicide,"  needs  no  further  voucher  than  the  statement 
that  he  has  a  fine  family  of  nine  sons  and  six  daughters,  besides  which 
he  can  point  with  pride  also  to  having  sixteen  grandchildren — eight  boys 
and  eight  girls. 

Mr.  RuskauiT  was  born  in  the  City  of  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania.  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1856,  and  in  Hanover,  Germany,  were  born  his  parents,  Conrad 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        939 

and  Anna  Elizabeth  (Fraker)  Ruskauflf.  After  coming  to  the  United 
States,  as  a  young  man,  the  father  gave  his  attention  to  farm  enterprise 
during  the  greater  part  of  his  active  career,  and  he  became  a  pioneer 
exponent  of  this  basic  Hne  of  industry  in  Richland  County,  Wisconsin, 
where  he  established  his  residence  in  1866  and  where  he  reclaimed  from 
the  forest  a  productive  farm  of  120  acres.  He  continud  to  give  his 
attention  to  the  improvement  and  operation  of  this  farm  until  his  death 
in  1873,  his  widow  having  survived  him  by  a  term  of  years.  Both  were 
earnest  communicants  of  the  Catholic  Church. 

Anthony  Ruskauflf  was  ten  years  old  at  the  time  of  the  family  removal 
from  Pennsylvania  to  Wisconsin,  where  he  was  reared  on  the  home  farm 
and  received  the  advantages  of  the  public  schools  of  the  period.  He  was 
a  sturdy  youth  of  seventeen  years  at  the  time  of  his  father's  death,  and 
upon  him  devolved  the  responsibility  of  managing  the  home  farm  for  his 
mother.  After  two  years  they  rented  the  place  and  he  removed  to  St. 
Charles,  Minnesota,  in  which  locality  Mr.  Ruskauff  was  employed  one  year 
at  farm  work.  He  returned  to  the  old  homestead  joining  his  mother, 
for  the  ensuing  winter,  and  during  the  next  year  he  was  engaged  in  farm- 
ing near  Sun  Prairie,  not  far  from  Madison,  capital  of  Wisconsin.  The 
next  year  found  him  again  in  charge  of  the  old  home  farm,  which  he  left 
the  next  year  to  pass  the  winter  in  the  pine  woods  of  Wisconsin.  After 
this  experience  in  lumbering  he  was  employed  successively  at  Lake  City, 
Minneapolis,  and  Red  Wing,  Minnesota,  mainly  in  lumber  and  shingle 
mills,  and  he  then  returned  to  the  old  homestead.  May  10,  1880,  recorded 
his  marriage  to  Miss  Theresa  Mulford,  who  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
and  whose  father,  George  Mulford,  was  a  native  of  Bavaria.  After  his 
marriage  Mr.  Ruskauflf  continued  his  active  association  with  farm  in- 
dustry in  Wisconsin,  on  rented  land,  until  the  death  of  his  wife,  who  is 
survived  by  three  children:  Edward,  who  is  now  a  prosperous  farmer 
near  Elsinore,  Riverside  County,  California,  married  Leona  Anderson, 
and  they  have  one  son  and  four  daughters.  Abbie  is  the  wife  of  William 
Unger,  of  Rockford,  Illinois,  and  they  have  two  sons  and  two  daughters. 
Anna,  the  widow  of  Henry  Schultz,  resides  at  Madison,  Wisconsin.  After 
the  death  of  his  wife  Mr.  Ruskauflf  purchased  eighty  acres  of  his  mother's 
farm,  and  she  cared  for  the  home  and  his  children  for  the  ensuing  fifteen 
months,  or  until  his  marriage,  June  12,  1889,  to  Katharine  Winkler, 
who  was  born  in  Alsace-Lorraine,  and  who  was  an  infant  at  the  time  of 
the  family  immigration  to  the  United  States.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ruskauflf  have 
twelve  children:  Johanna  is  the  wife  of  Leslie  Stewart,  of  Elsinore: 
Riverside  County,  and  they  have  one  son  and  one  daughter.  Frank  who 
conducts  a  meat  market  at  Hemet,  this  country,  married  Miss  Pauline 
Ward,  whose  father  is  (1921)  principal  of  the  public  schools  of  that 
village.  Conrad  J.,  an  automobile  salesman  residing  in  Los  Angeles, 
married  Mary  Agle,  and  they  have  one  daughter.  Rose  is  the  wife  of 
Henry  Ciple,  a  farmer  of  Riverside  County,  and  they  have  two  sons. 
George  and  Elizabeth  are  twins,  the  former  being  engaged  in  the  laundry 
business  at  Santa  Barbara  and  Elizabeth  is  the  wife  of  Alfred  Smith, 
of  Sonoma  County,  their  one  child  being  a  son.  Henry,  who  conducts 
a  meat  market  at  Santa  Paula,  married  Beatrice  McGrath,  and  they  have 
a  son.  William  is  associated  with  his  brother  Frank  in  the  meat-market 
business  at  Hemet.  Joseph  is  an  acetylene  welder  in  the  employ  of  the 
Riverside  Cement  Company.  Clements,  Matilda  and  Anthony,  Jr.,  are 
attending  the  Riverside  public  .schools.  Henry  enlisted  for  service  in  the 
World  war.  but  was  discharged  by  reason  of  physical  disability.  Frank 
was  called  into  service  in  connection  with  the  selective  draft,  was  in 
training  at  Medical  Lake,  Washington,  and  San  Diego,  California,  and 


940         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

was  about  to  be  sent  with  his  command  for  overseas  service  when  the 
armistice  brought  the  war  to  a  close.  George  also  was  ready  for  similar 
patriotic  service,  but  was  not  called. 

Mr.  Ruskauff  came  with  his  family  to  California  in  March,  1907,  and 
purchased  a  tract  of  twenty-three  acres,  containing  eight  acres  of  oranges 
and  five  of  almonds,  at  Elsinore,  Riverside  County.  He  assumed  posses- 
sion three  months  later  and  planted  the  remainder  of  the  tract  to  apricots. 
In  February,  1913,  he  sold  this  property  and  took  a  place  on  Iowa  Avenue, 
Riverside,  where  he  remained  two  months.  He  then  traded  property 
for  his  present  homestead  place  of  eleven  acres  at  499  Strong  Street, 
where  he  is  engaged  in  general  farming  and  also  in  the  raising  of 
poultry.  At  the  time  of  this  writing,  in  1921,  he  has  about  seven  hundred 
pullets,  and  he  is  gradually  increasing  his  flock  of  fine  poultry. 

Mr.  Ruskauff  is  a  republican,  and  while  he  has  never  sought  or 
desired  public  office  he  served  three  years  as  township  treasurer  while 
residing  in  \\'isconsin.  He  is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of  Columbus, 
and  he  and  his  family  are  communicants  of  the  Catholic  Church. 

Oliver  P.  Burdg  visited  at  Riverside  during  the  eighties,  when  it 
was  a  very  small  city.  His  first  visit  marked  the  turning  point  of  his 
career  so  far  as  a  permanent  home  environment  was  concerned.  He  has 
enjoyed  continual  business  associations  and  an  active  part  in  social  and 
civic  affairs,  and  has  the  pride  of  an  old  resident  in  the  wonderful 
transformation  effected  during  the  years,  as  a  result  of  which  Riverside 
is  now  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  important  cities  of  the  Southland. 
In  all  the  time  his  faith  in  the  ultimate  position  of  Riverside  has  never 
wilted,  and  the  community  holds  him  in  high  regard  as  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  the  eighties. 

Mr.  Burdg  was  born  in  Jennings  County,  Indiana,  December  23, 
1861,  son  of  Lewis  and  Sarah  (Malmsberry)  Burdg,  the  former  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania  and  the  latter  in  Ohio,  both  now  deceased.  His  father 
was  of  Scotch  and  his  mother  of  English  ancestry. 

Oliver  P.  Burdg  grew  up  on  his  father's  Indiana  farm,  had  a  grammar 
and  high  school  education  and  also  attended  the  Friends  Academy  at 
Bloomingdale,  Indiana.  As  a  youth  he  learned  the  harness  trade,  but 
followed  that  only  a  short  time  and  for  two  years  taught  school  in 
Indiana. 

It  was  in  1888  that  Mr.  Burdg  came  to  California  with  his  mother 
to  visit  two  of  her  daughters  then  living  in  Riverside.  After  a  time 
she  returned  East,  but  spent  her  last  years  in  Whittier,  California. 
Oliver  Burdg  is  the  youngest  of  seven  children.  His  three  sisters  now 
live  at  Pasadena.  Philena  B.  is  the  widow  of  Hiram  Hadley,  of  Indiana. 
Mary  J.  is  the  wife  of  Cyrus  Trueblood,  an  old  resident  of  Riverside 
and  for  many  years  a  trustee  of  Whittier,  now  retired.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Trueblood  have  three  children,  named  Stella,  Arthur  and  Herbert.  Mattie 
C,  the  youngest  of  the  sisters,  is  the  wife  of  Charles  D.  Lindley,  con- 
nected with  the  Mather  Company  of  Pasadena.  Their  three  children 
are  Ethel,  Earl  and  Aileen. 

Oliver  P.  Burdg  did  not  return  East  with  his  mother  at  the  conclusion 
of  her  visit.  The  spell  of  the  country  was  on  him,  and  he  immediately 
sought  an  opportunity  for  permanent  work  here.  His  first  employment 
was  with  the  undertaking  firm  of  George  Ward,  a  Riverside  pioneer. 
Four  years  later  he  took  up  the  profession  of  accountant,  and  in  that 
line  his  chief  commercial  service  has  been  rendered.  With  the  exception 
of  the  year  1901,  while  he  was  in  Los  Angeles,  his  interests  have  always 
been  identified  with  Riverside.     Soon  after  the  organization  of  Riverside 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        941 

County  he  served  two  years,  1893-94,  as  deputy  in  tlie  county  tax 
collector's  office.  He  was  also  accountant  for  I.  A.  W'ilhcrspoon  and 
for  thirteen  years  was  with  the  Newberry-Pai;ker  Company  as  secretary 
and  head  of  the  office  force.  For  three  years  lie  was  treasurer  of  the 
Thresher  iJt  Lewis  Company,  !iow  the  A.  M.  Lewis  Company.  In  March, 
1920,  he  became  head  bookkeeper  for  the  Riverside  branch  of  the  Channel 
Commercial  Company  of  Los  Angeles,  this  being  one  of  the  largest 
wholesale  grocery  houses  in  Southern  California  with  branches  in  a 
number  of  cities. 

Mr.  Burdg  for  many  years  has  been  a  consistent  member  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  is  a  trustee  and  is  treasurer  of  the  Cen- 
tenary Fund,  was  president  of  the  Epworth  League  when  it  was  first 
organized,  and  has  been  secretary  of  the  Sunday  School.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Present  Day  Club  and  is  a  republican,  with  an  active 
interest  in  politics,  though  the  only  public  office  he  ever  held  was  that  of 
deputy  tax  collector. 

June  30,  1891,  at  Riverside,  Mr.  Burdg  married  Ida  M.  Easton. 
She  was  born  in  Michigan,  daughter  of  Fernando  and  Olive  (Taylor) 
Easton.  She  is  of  English  ancestry  and  is  descended  from  several  Revolu- 
tionary soldiers  and  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  Daughters  of  the 
American  Revolution  and  for  two  years  has  been  regent  of  the  Rubidoux 
Chapter.  She  was  a  successful  and  popular  teacher  for  over  thirty 
years,  most  of  her  educational  work  having  been  done  in  Riverside, 
California.  Mrs.  Burdg  is  a  member  of  the  Woman's  Club  and  during 
the  war  was  active  in  Red  Cross  work.  For  over  five  years  she  has 
been  the  financial  secretary  of  the  First  Methodist  Church. 

Martin  R.  Shaw — Few  men  now  living  in  Riverside  came  as  early 
as  Martin  R.  Shaw,  whose  range  of  personal  recollections  of  the  city  and 
surrounding  country  runs  back  almost  half  a  century.  He  has  become 
the  owner  of  valuable  property  interests,  to  which  he  gives  his  supervision, 
though  he  retired  from  the  main  field  of  business  enterprise  several 
years  ago. 

Mr.  Shaw  was  born  in  White  County,  Indiana,  February  19,  1863. 
His  father  was  a  Union  soldier  and  was  killed  during  one  of  the  battles 
of  the  Civil  war,  so  that  the  son  has  no  recollection  whatever  of  him. 
The  mother,  Mrs.  Rebecca  (Russell)  Shaw,  was  born  in  Madison 
County,  Indiana,  of  English  ancestry  and  Revolutionary  stock.  Her 
father  was  a  pioneer  of  Eastern  Indiana  and  helped  build  the  Big  Four 
and  other  railroads  through  that  part  of  the  state.  In  1873  Mrs.  Shaw 
and  her  son  came  out  to  California,  the  latter  being  then  ten  years  of 
age.  Two  of  his  uncles,  P.  S.  and  W.  P.  Russell,  were  California  forty- 
niners.  They  crossed  the  plains,  first  locating  at  San  Jose,  then  at  San 
Diego,  and  in  1871  moved  to  what  is  now  Riverside  and  were  ranchers 
in  this  section  of  the  state.  Martin  R.  Shaw  almost  immediately  after 
reaching  California  went  to  work  on  one  of  these  ranches.  As  a  youth 
he  became  much  interested  in  the  subject  of  horticulture,  and  during  the 
six  years  he  was  employed  by  his  uncle  he  gained  a  knowledge  of  horti- 
cultural methods  that  some  years  later  he  put  to  practical  use  on  land  of 
his  own.  The  Russell  ranch  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  growing  of 
fruit,  one  of  its  chief  products  being  raisin  grapes.  Mr.  Shaw's  uncle. 
P.  S.  Russell,  died  at  Riverside. 

After  coming  to  California  Mr.  Shaw  completed  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  Riverside.  He  worked  for  an  uncle  who  represented 
the  Hathaway  house  of  San  Francisco,  clerked  in  stores  for  eleven  years, 
served  a  very  satisfactory  term  as  city  marshal  one  year,  and  then  for 


942         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

eight  years  conducted  a  livery  business  on  Market  between  Seventh  and 
Eight  streets.  This  and  various  other  interests  filled  up  his  active  years 
until  1917,  since  which  date  he  has  .regarded  himself  as  retired,  though 
he  still  has  eniploynicnt  for  all  his  working  hours. 

Many  years  ago  Mr.  Shaw  bought  ten  acres  of  land  on  New  Magnolia 
Avenue,  and  for  twenty  years  his  farming  and  intensive  cultivation 
produced  one  of  the  best  improved  ranches  in  the  county.  In  1880  he 
built  a  two-story  house  at  343  New  Magolia,  then  Cypress,  Street,  but 
subsequently  sold  this  and  about  1895  built  a  fine  home  at  938  Seventh 
Street,  where  his  family  has  lived  for  a  quarter  of  a  century.  Mr.  Shaw 
is  a  member  of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  has  been  affiliated  with  the 
Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  for  twenty-six  years,  and  is  an  in- 
dependent democrat  and  has  been  a  delegate  to  city  and  county  con- 
ventions. 

July  15,  1895,  at  Riverside,  he  married  Miss  Carrie  Schroeder.  She 
was  born  in  New  York  State,  of  German  ancestry,  and  had  lived  in 
Riverside  for  several  years  before  her  marriage,  completing  her  education 
in  that  city.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shaw  have  three  children;  Louis  Martin, 
who  was  rejected  for  duty  as  a  soldier  during  the  war  and  worked 
all  during  the  period  of  hostilities  at  the  shipyards,  is  now  in  the  truck 
and  motor  express  business.  He  married  Agnes  Krebb  and  has  a  son, 
Louis  M.  Jr.  The  second  child,  Agnes  Shaw,  graduated  from  the  River- 
side High  School  in  1920  and  is  now  employed  with  the  Sierra  Power 
Company.  The  youngest,  Eugene,  is  a  member  of  the  class  of  1925  at 
the  Riverside  High  School. 

Howe  &  Merrill — The  high  class  theatrical  attractions  afforded 
the  people  of  Riverside  during  the  past  seven  years  have  been  in  a 
noteworthy  degree  the  result  of  the  enterprise  of  the  firm  of  Howe  & 
Merrill,  who  have  been  singularly  successful  in  the  operation  and 
management  of  moving  picture  houses,  and  for  several  years  have  also 
been  managers  of  the  Loring  Theater,  the  old  established  legitimate 
theater  of  the  city. 

The  partnership  was  formed  in  May,  1914,  by  Mr.  Clififord  A.  Howe 
and  G.  Gurdon  Merrill.  Their  first  step  was  to  secure  a  long  time 
lease  on  a  room  that  had  formerly  been  occupied  as  a  hardware  store 
in  the  Frost  building.  This  place  on  Main  Street  has  since  been  known 
as  the  Regent  Moving  Picture  House,  and  through  subsequent  changes 
has  kept  up  to  the  highest  standard  of  moving  picture  house  equipment. 
It  is  well  ventilated,  has  a  large  seating  capacity,  and  a  pipe  organ  is 
installed.  The  house  when  first  opened  did  not  produce  encouraging 
financial  returns.  The  owners  had  set  out  with  a  policy  of  oflfering  only 
first  class  attractions,  and  as  soon  as  the  residents  of  Riverside  came 
to  appreciate  that  fact  the  Regent  reached  a  profitable  basis  of  opera- 
tion, and  for  several  years  has  been  one  of  the  most  popular  places  of 
entertainment  in  the  city.  Since  then  the  firm  has  extended  its  opera- 
tions to  the  Orpheum  and  the  Loring  Theaters.  They  obtained  a  lease 
on  the  old  Auditorium  two  years  after  opening  the  Regent,  and  at  a  cost 
of  nine  thousand  dollars  transformed  the  Auditorium  into  the  present 
Orpheum. 

Then  two  years  ago  they  secured  a  lease  on  the  oldest  theater  of 
Riverside,  the  Loring,  maintained  for  many  years  exclusively  for  the 
staging  of  road  shows.  Many  of  the  world's  famous  players  have 
enacted  their  roles  in  this  house,  and  there  is  on  file  at  the  Riverside 
Public  Library  the  successive  programs  that  have  been  played  at  the 
Loring  since  the  time  it  was  opened  until  it  was  leased  to  Howe  & 


/^.  ^.     'IjVU-^'-c, 


^.  ^.  2f -.^..v.:^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        94,? 

Merrill.  The  present  lessees  have  altered  the  Loring  for  the  showing 
of  special  moving  pictures,  also  for  high  class  road  attractions.  In 
all  their  ventures  at  Riverside  Mr.  Howe  and  Mr.  Merrill  have  con- 
tinued their  policy  of  offering  to  the  public  the  best  attractions  they 
could  book,  and  the  public  has  loyally  appreciated  their  efforts  in  that 
direction. 

Alive,  wide-awake,  progressive  business  men,  Howe  &  Merrill,  it 
is  the  opinion  of  many  of  the  older  residents,  have  done  more  to  con- 
tribute to  the  pleasure  of  the  people  than  any  other  two  men,  and  im- 
provements derived  from  their  enterprise  have  been  such  as  to  add 
the  touch  of  metropolitan  distinction  to  the  city,  reflecting  benefits  to 
all  classes  of  business. 

Clifford  A.  Howe,  first  member  of  the  firm  of  Howe  &  Merrill, 
was  born  at  South  Weymouth,  Massachusetts,  but  was  reared  and  edu- 
cated in  Boston.  His  father,  Joseph  B.  Howe,  was  a  native  of  Sharon, 
Vermont,  and  for  many  years  was  successfully  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facturing business.  The  mother  was  Mary  B.  Blanchard,  a  native  of 
South  \\eymouth.  Both  parents  are  now  deceased,  and  both  were  of 
English  ancestry  and  Revolutionary  stock. 

Clifford  A.  Howe  attended  private  schools  in  Boston,  and  his  first 
employment  was  with  the  mercantile  house  of  Cumner,  Jones  &  Com- 
pany, dealers  in  cotton  and  silk  goods.  Eventually  Mr.  Howe  acquired 
an  interest  in  the  firm,  became  its  buyer,  and  was  associated  with  the 
business  altogether  for  thirty  years. 

On  severing  this  connection  in  1912  Mr.  Howe  removed  to  Seattle, 
Washington,  and  it  was  in  the  Queen  City  of  Puget  Sound  that  cir- 
cumstances rather  than  direct  choice  brought  him  in  touch  with  the 
theatrical  business.  It  became  necessary  for  him  to  take  over  the  old 
Washington  Theater  on  Third  Street  in  order  to  save  his  financial 
interests  in  the  property.  In  the  management  he  soon  discovered  some- 
thing peculiarly  attractive  as  well  as  profitable  from  a  financial  stand- 
point, and  after  about  eighteen  months,  when  he  sold  his  interests  in 
Seattle,  he  went  to  Los  Angeles  in  search  of  further  opportunities.  In 
looking  for  the  most  attractive  place  in  the  state  he  was  drawn  to 
Riverside,  and  thus  entered  into  a  partnership  with  G.  liurdon 
Merrill,  with  the  results  that  have  been  described  elsewhere.  Mr. 
Howe  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  in  Boston  and  is  a  repub- 
lican in  politics.  In  part  he  was  expressing  his  enthusiasm  and  civic 
spirit  in  behalf  of  Riverside  when  he  constructed  his  magnificent  home 
on  Filmore  Street,  beyond  the  Victoria  Club.  There  is  a  peculiar  fitness 
in  speaking  of  this  as  one  of  the  show  places  of  the  city.  Its  location 
is  in  a  ten  acre  grove  or  park,  abounding  in  fancy  fruit  trees  and  shrubs, 
and  laid  out  with  the  finest  skill  of  the  landscape  gardener,  in  park  drive- 
ways. The  residence  is  one  of  the  artistic  triumphs  of  Spanish 
architecture  that  have  been  greatly  admired  by  visitors  to  California 
and  through  photographic  reproduction  in  magazines.  The  house  is  a 
modern  instance  of  cement  construction,  the  only  woodwork  being  doors 
and  window  frames.  It  is  the  one-story  type,  containing  seven  rooms, 
is  set  on  the  side  of  a  hill,  and  the  interior  is  a  harmony  of  line  and 
color  that  calls  forth  the  admiration  of  all  who  see  it. 

G.  GuRDON  Merrill,  junior  member  of  the  firm  Howe  &  Merrill,  was 
born  in  Connecticut,  son  of  John  L.  and  Ellen  (Beldon)  Merrill,  now 
deceased.  His  father  was  also  a  native  of  Connecticut,  and  for  three 
years  was  a  soldier  in  the  Civil  war,  entering  the  service  as  a  musician 
in  the  Second  Connecticut   Heavy  Artillery.     At  the  close  of   the  war 


944         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

he  conducted  a  brass  foundry.  It  was  exposure  in  the  Shenandoah 
Valley  campaign  that  eventually  caused  the  illness  terminating  in  his 
death  in  18tj5.  He  was  of  French  Huguenot  ancestry,  of  a  family  that 
came  to  the  y^merican  colonies  in  the  early  sixteen  hundreds,  and  was 
subsequently  represented  by  soldiers  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 
Ellen  Beldon  was  also  born  in  Connecticut,  of  English  and  American 
Revolutionary   stock. 

G.  Gurdon  Merrill  acquired  his  education  in  the  grammar  and  high 
schools  of  Connecticut,  and  his  first  employment  was  in  the  shipping 
department  of  a  Connecticut  clock  factory.  Then  followed  a  period 
of  training  in  the  dry  goods  business  at  Connecticut,  and  while  there 
he  married  and  for  the  benefit  of  his  wife's  delicate  health  removed  to 
California  in  the  spring  of  1898.  Locating  in  Riverside,  Mr.  Merrill 
was  for  fifteen  years  in  the  employ  of  Gaylor  Rouse  &  Company.  Then 
followed  his  co-partnership  with  C.  A.  Howe  in  the  notable  theatri- 
cal enterprise  which  has  been  described. 

Mr.  Merrill  owns  a  beautiful  Colonial  home  at  the  corner  of  Fourth 
and  Orange  streets.  It  was  the  first  true  type  of  the  American 
Colonial  residence  built  in  Riverside,  and  that  dignified  and  simple, 
yet  beautiful,  style  characterizes  both  the  exterior  and  interior.  Mr. 
Merrill  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Present  Day  Club  and  a  republican 
in  politics. 

In  Bristol,  Connecticut,  in  1898,  he  was  first  married,  his  wife 
passing  away  a  few  years  after  their  arrival  in  California.  July  4, 
1914,  at  Riverside,  he  married  Cora  Hooks  Beiter,  a  native  of  Alabama. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Merrill  have  one  daughter,  Estelle  Virginia  Beiter.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Merrill  are  members  of  the  All  Saints  Episcopal  Church. 

Joseph  W.  Cornwell — The  painter's  art  and  trade  came  to  Joseph 
\V.  Cornwell  almost  by  inheritance,  and  for  many  years  he  has  been  one 
of  the  leading  painting  contractors  in  Southern  California  and  has  handled 
most  of  the  notable  work  on  the  larger  and  more  imposing  buildings  of 
Riverside  and  other  towns  as  well. 

The  Cornwells  have  been  painters  for  three  generations.  Mr.  Corn- 
well's  grandfather  at  one  time  had  a  shop  in  New  York  City,  and  in  this 
shop  were  painted  the  first  omnibus,  the  first  street  car  and  the  first 
railway  coach  built  in  America  by  the  veteran  coach  builder,  John 
Stephenson.  Joseph  W.  Cornwell  was  born  at  Randolph,  Western  New 
York,  April  18,  1860.  His  father,  J.  H.  Cornwell,  who  was  assistant 
to  the  grandfather  in  the  shop  in  New  York  City,  followed  his  trade 
there  for  a  number  of  years  and  also  lived  at  Corry,  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  filled  a  place  on  the  City  Council  for  several  terms.  Cornwell 
is  an  old  American  family  of  Welsh  and  English  descent.  J.  H.  Cornwell 
married  Rebecca  B.  Angus,  a  native  of  New  York  City,  of  Scotch  Dutch 
descent.  J.  W.  Cornwell  and  his  brother  Louis  R.  are  lineal  descend- 
ants on  their  mothers'  side  of  the  first  heirs  of  the  Aneka  Janns'  estate, 
which  comprises  the  sixty-two  acres  in  New  York  City  of  which  the 
Trinity  Church  is  the  center. 

Joseph  W.  Cornwell  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  started  to  learn  the  painting  business  with  his  father  at  Corry, 
Pennsylvania.  When  he  was  sixteen  he  went  to  Minnesota,  living  in 
that  state  from  1876  to  1887.  In  1880  he  operated  a  boarding  outfit  dur- 
ing the  extension  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  through  the  bad  lands 
of  North  Dakato.  This  was  one  of  the  most  interesting  experiences  of 
his  life.     For  several  years  he  was  also  in  the  Dakotas,  conducting  a  plant 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         945 

and  oil  business  and  working  as  a  paint  contrattor  and  also  carried  a 
stock  of  general  merchandise. 

Mr.  Cornwell  spent  one  winter  in  California  in  1887.  Thereafter 
for  four  years  he  was  foreman  and  manager  of  the  C.  D.  Elder  Company 
at  Tacoma,  Washington.  Leaving  Tacoma  in  1895,  he  removed  to  Los 
Angeles,  where  he  followed  his  business  until  1900,  when  he  established 
his  headquarters  at  Riverside,  to  take  some  large  contracts  for  A.  W. 
Boggs,  for  whom  he  performed  many  extensive  painting  contracts.  The 
first  contract  was  painting  thirteen  packing  houses  during  1898-99.  He 
then  painted  the  Riverside  County  Hospital,  the  Martin  Chase  house, 
the  Jones  house  on  .'\dams  Street,  the  Romsey  residence  and  buildmgs, 
and  at  times  had  from  fifteen  to  twenty  painters  comprising  his  force. 
Mr.  Cornwell  also  established  a  paint  shop  at  Eighth  and  Market  streets, 
and  afterward  built  another  shop  across  the  street  on  property  now 
occupied  by  the  Southern  Sierras  Company.  His  establishment  there 
was  burned  August  15,  1913,  and  he  then  moved  to  the  North-west 
corner  of  Eighth  and  Market,  where  he  continued  in  business  until  he 
sold  out  in  May,  1920. 

As  a  paintmg  contractor  he  handled  such  jobs  as  the  Public  Library, 
Glenwood  Mission  Inn,  Masonic  Temple,  Elks  Building,  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows  Building,  Home  Telephone  Building,  performed 
many  contracts  in  San  Bernardino ;  painted  several  buildings  of  the 
State  Insane  Asylum  at  Patten ;  painted  the  Mary  Bridges  Memorial  Hall 
at  Claremont  College  for  Architect  Myron  Hunt,  which  was  given  by 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bridges  to  the  town  of  Claremont. 

Since  selling  his  business  Mr.  Cornwell  has  attended  to  his  various 
private  interests.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
Business  Men's  Association,  Riverside  Fair  Association,  and  is  a  repub- 
lican. He  is  a  member  of  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons  and  is  also  a  Royal  Arch  Mason  at  Riverside,  is  a  member  of 
Riverside  Lodge  of  Elks  ;  is  a  past  grand  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
I'ellows,  going  through  the  chairs  of  the  Lodge  at  Tacoma;  and  is  a  past 
sachem  of  the  Riverside  Red  Men.  His  children  are  all  affiliated  with  the 
Baptist  Church. 

At  Frazee  City,  Minnesota,  March  29,  1882,  Mr.  Cornwell  married 
Dorcas  Winslow.  She  was  born  in  the  state  of  Maine,  daughter  of 
Richard  Winslow,  a  farmer.  She  is  of  some  of  the  earliest  New  England 
stock.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cornwell  have  four  children :  Frank  J.,  a  native 
of  Minnesota,  now  living  in  the  State  of  Washington,  married  Barbara 
Vogt,  and  they  have  three  children,  Frank  J.,  Jr.,  Barbara  and  Joseph. 
Jonathan  R.  Cornwell,  who  was  born  in  the  State  of  Washington, 
married  Freida  Michelbacker,  of  Riverside,  and  their  two  children  are 
named  Ida  Emilie  and  Wilna.  Rebecca  B.,  the  older  daughter,  is  the 
wife  of  Harry  Gilette,  of  Riverside.  The  youngest  of  the  family,  Julia 
E.,  was  married  to  Albert  W'ood,  of  Riverside,  and  has  a  son,  Richard. 

During  his  residence  in  Riverside  Mr.  Cornwell  has  been  assisted  in 
many  of  his  contracts,  by  his  brother,  Louis  R.  Cornwell,  who  settled 
in  Stockton,  California,  in  1897,  and  came  to  Riverside  in  September,  1900. 
During  the  last  few  years,  he  has  resided  with  his  sons  at  Laton, 
California.  He  is  the  father  of  three  sons:  George  B.,  a  contractor 
and  builder  of  Seattle ;  Zero  L.  and  Francis  William,  who  are  engaged 
in  the  land  business  at  Fresno.  They  are  handling  the  eight  thousand 
six  hundred  acre  McCann  ranch  near  Hanford. 

Andrew  Difani — The  outsider  reading  of  Riverside  and  hearing 
of  the  wonderful  possibilities  of  this  favored  region  for  the  pursuance 


946         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  citrus  industry  has  no  idea  of  the  flourishing  commercial  houses 
with  headquarters  in  this  large  and  enterprising  city.  Just  as  no  man 
can  live  to  himself  alone,  so  it  is  impossible  for  any  industry  to  flourish 
without  a  stimulus  being  given  to  every  line  of  business  in  any  viay 
connected  with  it,  and  to  the  people  influenced  by  it.  Riverside  has 
afforded  the  opportunity  for  the  expression  and  development  of  men 
of  ability  in  varied  lines,  and  one  of  them,  who  since  1891  has  lived 
at  this  city,  is  Andrew  Difani,  senior  member  of  A.  Difani  &  Sons, 
dealers  in  vehicles,  trucks  and  farm  implements  and  proprietors  of  a 
general  repair  shop,  this  concern  being  one  of  the  most  reliable  in 
Riverside  and  San  Bernardino  counties. 

Andrew  Difani  was  born  at  Herman,  Missouri,  January  23,  1864, 
a  son  of  Andrew  Difani,  who  was  born  in  Baden,  Germany,  came  to 
the  United  States  in  young  manhood,  located  at  Saint  Louis,  Missouri, 
engaged  in  the  retail  shoe  business  there,  and  later  in  Montgomery, 
Missouri,  where  he  remained  about  thirty-five  years.  Although  he 
was  doing  well  in  his  business  he  felt  the  urge  to  move  westward,  and 
in  the  fall  of  1884  came  to  California,  his  family  accompanying  him, 
and  they  all  engaged  in  ranching  in  the  vicinity  of  Elsinore.  Two 
years  later,  however,  he  returned  to  Missouri,  and  died  in  that  state  in 
1892.  His  wife,  ahhough  a  native  of  Herman,  Missouri,  was  of  Swiss 
parentage,  and  her  father,  who  was  for  a  time  an  engineer  on  crafts 
plying  on  the  Ohio  River,  later  turned  his  attention  to  blacksmithing, 
which  trade  he  had  learned  in  Switzerland. 

Of  the  children  born  to  Andrew  Difani  and  his  excellent  wife,  three 
survive.  The  children  were :  Edward,  deceased,  until  recently  a  resident 
of  Los  Angeles ;  Andrew,  whose  name  heads  this  review ;  W.  Columbus, 
deceased,  who  was  a  resident  of  Palo  Alto,  California ;  Miss  Winona ; 
Byron,  a  rancher  of  Imperial  Valley ;  and  Olca,  deceased,  formerly 
a  resident  of  Riverside. 

Andrew  Difani,  of  this  review,  accompanied  his  parents  from  Missouri 
to  California  in  1884,  he  at  that  time  being  twenty  years  of  age.  In 
spite  of  his  youth  he  had  already  served  an  apprenticeship  of  three  years 
at  the  trades  of  horse-shoeing  and  carriage  manufacturing,  and  had 
worked  one  year  for  wages.  He  came  to  California  with  the  intention  of 
establishing  himself  in  business,  and  started  the  first  shop  at  Elsinore, 
and  conducted  it  for  nine  months,  going  from  there  to  Wildomar,  Cali- 
fornia, and  operated  another  shop  for  nine  months.  Coming  then  to 
Riverside,  he  and  a  partner  purchased  a  shop  on  Eighth  and  Orange 
streets,  of  which  he  became  the  sole  proprietor  in  1897,  and  from  that 
date  until  1921  he  remained  alone.  In  that  year,  however,  he  took  his 
sons  Leo  A.  and  Leonard  J.  into  the  business  and  adopted  the  present 
name.  For  many  years  he  made  a  specialty  of  manufacturing  all  kinds 
of  vehicles,  especially  those  for  business  and  delivery  wagons,  and 
fitting  up  hook  and  ladder  trucks.  In  1916  he  added  agricultural  imple- 
ments to  his  stock,  and  the  firm  now  handle  the  Fageol  trucks  and  tractors 
and  the  Moline  agricultural  implements.  The  firm  occupies  well-equipped 
quarters  at  851  Orange  Street,  between  Eighth  and  Ninth  streets.  The 
family  residence  at  1466  South  Main  Street  is  owned  by  Mr.  Difani. 

Andrew  Difani  married  Miss  Alice  R.  Robinson,  a  native  of  England, 
who  is  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Robinson,  now  deceased,  but  for  years  a 
business  man  of  Alexis,  Illinois.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Difani  became  the  parents 
of  the  following  children:  Leo  Andrew,  a  native  of  Wildomar,  California; 
Leonard  Joseph  and  Corrine  Bijatrice,  who  are  natives  of  Riverside.  The 
birth  of  Leo  Andrew  Difani  occurred  May  11,  1891,  and  he  attended 
the  grammar  and  high  schools  of   the   city,  and  .  was   connected   with 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        947 

Brainerd  &  Company  of  Riverside,  selling  the  Buick  automobiles,  before 
going  into  business  with  his  father.  During  the  World  war  he  enlisted, 
and  was  assigned  to  the  chemical  warfare  section  and  stationed  at  San 
Francisco,  where  he  was  made  a  sergeant,  and  was  discharged  as  such 
after  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  Corrine  Beatrice  Difani,  the  only 
daughter,  was  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  with  the  class 
of  1918.  She  completed  her  studies  at  Columbia  University,  New  York 
City.  At  present  she  is  connected  with  the  office  force  of  the  Pacific 
Telephone  and  Telegraph  Company.  Leonard  J.  Difani,  was  born  August 
19,  1894.  After  attending  the  Riverside  schools  he  matriculated  in  the 
University  of  Southern  California,  and  had  been  a  student  of  that 
institution  for  three  and  one-half  years  when  war  was  declared.  He 
enlisted  for  service  in  the  navy,  and  attended  the  Officers  Training  Camp 
at  San  Pedro  and  San  Francisco.  Receiving  his  commission  as  an 
ensign,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Brutus,  where  he  remained 
until  the  conclusion  of  hostilities,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged, 
and,  returning  to  the  University,  took  the  examination  for  the  bar  and 
was  admitted  to  practice.  He  followed  his  profession  for  two  months 
in  the  office  of  Carnaham  &  Clark  in  Los  Angeles,  and  then  returned  to 
Riverside,  to  go  into  partnership  with  his  father.  Leonard  J.  Difani 
married  December  25,  1919,  Miss  Ruth  Elizabeth  Stephens,  a  native  of 
Iowa  and  a  daughter  of  \V.  E.  Stephens,  a  realtor  of  Riverside,  a  sketch 
of  whom  appears  elsewhere  in  this  work.  They  have  a  daughter,  Elinor 
Elizabeth,  who  was  born  January  1,  1921.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Sigma 
Chi  fraternity,  and  his  wife,  who  attended  the  Washington  State  Univer- 
sity at  Seattle,  is  a  member  of  Delta  Gamma  Sorority. 

Mrs.  Andrew  Difani  is  affiliated  with  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
of  which  she  is  a  constant  worker,  and  she  also  belongs  to  the  Ladies  of 
the  Maccabees  and  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters.  Mr.  Difani 
has  been  too  busy  a  man  to  take  any  active  part  in  politics,  has  never 
sought  office,  but  is  interested  in  the  advancement  of  his  home  city,  of 
which  he  is  exceedingly  proud.  Fraternally  he  maintains  membership 
with  the  Woodmen  of  the  World.  By  his  own  honesty  and  hard  work 
and  his  determination  to  establish  a  reputation  for  quality  and  service  he 
has  won  a  place  in  his  community  of  which  he  may  well  be  proud.  He 
and  his  wife  have  reared  their  children  to  be  desirable  additions  to  the 
county,  and  his  sons,  both  in  war  and  peace,  are  proving  their  right  to  be 
considered  fine  types  of  young  American  manhood. 

DoNACiANo  Trevino,  M.  D. — One  of  the  distinguished  physicians  and 
surgeons  of  Southern  California,  Dr.  Trevino  graduated  from  Harvard 
Medical  College  more  than  thirty  years  ago,  his  professional  work  has 
been  done  in  Old  Mexico,  in  San  Francisco  and  Los  Angeles,  and  for 
several  years  past  in  San  Bernardino,  where  he  is  one  of  the  most  popular 
citizens. 

Dr.  Trevino  was  born  October  20,  1866,  in  the  City  of  Matamoras, 
state  of  Tamaulipas,  across  the  Rio  Grande  from  Brownsville,  Texas. 
His  parents,  now  deceased,  were  Juan  N.  Trevino  and  Clara  (Roderiguez) 
Trevino,  the  former  a  native  of  Matamoras  and  the  latter  of  Reynosa  in 
Tamaulipas.  Juan  Trevino  represented  a  prominent  family  in  Northern 
Mexico,  was  a  civil  engineer  by  profession,  a  thorough  scholar,  and  held 
the  rank  of  colonel  in  the  Mexican  Army  during  the  Diaz  administration. 

Dr.  Trevino  graduated  with  the  A.  B.  degree  from  St.  John's  Literary 
Institute  at  Matamoras  in  1882.  He  then  came  to  the  United  States 
and  primarily  as  a  means  of  learning  the  English  language  attended 
St.  Joseph  College  at  Bardstown,  Kentucky,  from  which  he  graduated 


948         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

with  the  Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  1884.  Erom  there  he  entered 
Harvard  Medical  College  at  Boston,  and  after  four  years  graduated 
M.  D.  in  1888. 

Dr.  Trevino  at  once  returned  to  Mexico  and  for  two  years  practiced 
in  the  City  of  Mexico,  was  engaged  in  professional  work  two  years  at 
Monterey,  the  capital  of  the  State  of  Nuevo  Leon,  and  then  returned  to 
Mexico  City  and  was  appointed  traveling  physician  for  the  Mutual  Life 
Insurance  Company  of  New  York.  In  1896  Dr.  Trevino  went  to  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  and  took  a  post  graduate  course  in  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians and  Surgeons.  After  two  years  he  went  to  La  Paz  on  the  Gulf 
Coast  of  Lower  California,  where  he  met  and  on  April  16,  1898,  married 
•Senorita  Erancisca  Romero.  She  was  born  at  La  Paz.  Her  father. 
Captain  Ignacio  Romero,  a  native  of  Tapic,  Mexico,  was  private  secretary 
to  the  Jefe  Politico  of  his  state  and  also  chief  of  police  and  a  captain  in 
the  army.  The  mother  of  Mrs.  Trevino  was  Nicola.sa  (Gonzales) 
Romero,  a  native  of  Mazatlan,  State  of  Sinaloa. 

On  leaving  La  Paz  Dr.  Trevino  came  to  California  and  located  at 
San  Francisco,  where  he  practiced  medicine  and  conducted  a  drug  store 
until  the  great  fire  of  1906.  That  calamity  destroyed  his  property,  and 
when  he  made  a  new  start  it  was  in  Los  Angeles,  where  he  practiced 
medicine  and  was  also  in  the  drug  business  with  a  store  on  North  Spring 
Street  one  year  and  then  on  San  Fernando  Street,  where  he  had  as  a 
partner  C.  M'.  Vozza.  \\'hile  in  Los  Angeles  he  was  also  editor  of 
the  Mexican  Standard,  a  Spanish   language  newspaper  published  daily. 

After  two  years  in  Los  Angeles  Dr.  Trevino  disposed  of  his  interests 
and  practice  and  came  to  San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  become  well 
established  with  a  large  professional  clientele  and  his  offices  are  at  402 
Third  Street.  Dr.  Trevino  is  a  member  of  the  American  Druids  and  the 
Catholic  Church,  and  for  one  year  held  the  rank  of  lieutenant  in  the 
National  Guards  of  Mexico. 

He  and  Mrs.  Trevino  became  the  parents  of  eight  children,  six  living: 
Ignacio  Juan,  a  San  Bernardino  merchant ;  Edmond,  who  died  January 
13,  1921,  at  the  age  of  nineteen;  Miss  Clara,  Erasmo  and  Rosa,  students 
in  the  San  Bernardino  schools;  Santiago;  James;  Hortensia  and  Andrew, 
who  died  in  infancy  at  Los  Angeles.  Ignacio  Juan  Trevino  enlisted  in 
the  aviation  corps  at  Marsh  Field  and  was  commissioned  as  military 
police.  During  this  period  of  service  he  had  some  exciting  times.  On 
one  trip  with  four  prisoners  from  the  Marsh  Field  to  put  to  work  on 
some  property  ten  miles  distant  he  was  violently  attacked  but  succeeded 
in  putting  two  of  them  out  of  commission  before  he  was  put  'hors  de 
combat.'  He  is  an  artist  to  his  finger  tips,  and  has  drawn  some  pictures 
which  show  much  merit. 

Antoine  Pellissier — A  native  of  France,  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States  for  over  a  quarter  of  a  century,  purely  and  simply  a  Californian 
and  an  American  to  his  finger  tips,  Antoine  Pellissier  has  undertaken 
and  carried  out  enterprises  linked  with  the  vital  welfare  and  commercial 
prosperity  of  Southern  California.  His  home  for  many  years  has  been 
at  Riverside. 

He  was  born  in  the  French  Alps  May  2,  1869,  son  of  Marin  and 
Appoline  (Gamier)  Pellissier,  also  natives  of  France,  now  deceased. 
His  father  was  a  citizen  of  considerable  prominence  in  his  home  com- 
munity, serving  at  one  time  as  mayor  of  Ancelles.  Antoine  Pellissier 
acquired  a  common  school  education  in  France.  When  only  sixteen 
years  of  age  he  came  to  the  United  States,  reaching  Los  Angeles  in 
1885.     The  two  chief  directions  his  enterprise  has  taken  in  Southern 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        949 

California  has  been  dairying  and  the  ofrowing  of  wine  grapes.  For 
twelve  years  he  was  identified  with  the  dairy  industry  at  Eos  Angeles. 
Then  for  three  years  he  was  actively  identified  with  the  famous  district 
of  Cucamonga,  where  he  purchased  and  set  out  six  hundred  and  forty 
acres  of  grapes.  His  extensive  personal  holdings  were  combined  with 
the  Italian  Vineyard  Company,  and  at  that  time  he  also  purchased  and 
set  out  a  hundred  and  fifty  acres  in  grapes  at  Monte  Vista.  The  latter 
tract  he  subsequently  sold,  and  also  his  dairying  business  at  Los  Angeles, 
but  is  still  one  of  the  stockholders  in  the  Italian  Vineyard  Company. 

When  Mr.  Pellissier  moved  to  ^Riverside  in  190.5  he  began  growing 
livestock.  In  1905  he  bought  part  of  the  Bandini  Donation  claim 
and  erected  a  winery  with  a  capacity  of  a  hundred  thousand  gallons. 
He  directed  the  wine  manufacture  at  this  plant  until  1916-17.  Mr. 
Pellissier's  first  landed  interests  at  Riverside  comprised  twenty-eight 
acres.  He  is  now  owner  of  five  hundred  acres,  and  through  all  the 
years  has  continued  his  interests  as  a  cattle  raiser.  He  also  conducts 
a  dairy  of  seventy-five  head,  is  interested  in  the  Riverside  Dairy  Com- 
pany and  is  a  member  of  the  Southern  California  Milk  Producers 
.Association.  Some  years  ago  he  bought  five  hundred  acres  of  land  on 
the  Mexican  side  of  the  Imperial  Valley  and  established  a  stock  ranch 
and  vineyard.  A  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres  of  this  tract  were 
planted  in  grapes,  and  this  vineyard  has  since  been  combined  with  the 
El  Progresso  Company,  in  which  he  is  a  large  stockholder. 

With  a  commendable  love  for  the  land  that  gave  him  birth,  Mr. 
Pellissier  was  generous  not  only  with  his  means  but  offered  his  personal 
services  in  the  World  war.  Too  old  for  active  duty  as  a  soldier,  he 
was  selected  as  an  interpreter  between  the  American  and  French 
armies,  and  had  ten  months  of  this  service.  He  was  in  Camp  de  Souge, 
an  artillery  camp,  as  interpreter,  and  was  also  one  of  the  French  agents 
of  encouragement.  He  remained  with  the  armies  abroad  until  the 
signing  of  the   armistice. 

June  20,  1900.  Mr.  Pellissier  married  Miss  Emily  Grand,  a  native 
of  Los  Angeles.  She  died  in  August,  1917,  the  mother  of  two  children: 
Ernest,  a  student  in  the  Riverside  High  School,  who  eraduated  in 
1921.  and  Florence,  who  attends  school  at  Los  Angeles.  While  in  France 
on  October  1,  1919.  Mr.  Pellissier  married  Miss  Elise  .Hubert,  also  a 
native  of  France.     They  have  one  child,  Elise. 

Charles  L.  Mecham — Hardly  any  fact  in  the  history  of  the  San 
Bernardino  Valley  since  pioneer  times  can  be  said  to  lie  outside  the  per- 
sonal experience  and  witness  of  Charles  L.  Mecham.  fine  of  the  oldest 
residents  and  for  half  a  century  or  more  intimately  associated  with  the 
development  and  growth  of  the  Southland,  and.  like  all  C  ilif<irnia  pioneers, 
was  called  upon  to  endure  many  hardships  in  early  davs. 

.Mthough  his  brother  was  one  of  the  original  locaters  of  the  famous 
Silver  King  mine  that  made  Calico  famous,  it  was  the  result  of  Charles 
Mecham's  prospecting  that  cau.sed  the  excitement  that  made  the  town, 
which  has  of  late  years  been  made  the  setting  of  numerous  romantic 
stories.  This  town  has  never  been  wholly  deserted,  as  there  have  always 
been  one  or  two  men  whose  faith  in  the  place  has  been  unsliaken  and  thev 
have  waited  many  years  and  are  still  waiting  for  "Calico  to  come  back." 
Charles  Mecham  has  written  the  story  of  the  camp  (published  elsewhere 
in  this  work)  and  h-e  is  the  logical  historian  of  the  place,  as  all  the  happen- 
ings were  within  the  scope  of  his  personal  recollection.  It  is  a  resurrec- 
tion of  the  desert  life  of  the  ])ioneers.  when  the  unbroken  silence  was 
shattered  by   the   hordes   of  men   searching   ior  treasin-e ;    feverish   days 


950         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  activity  under  a  pitiless  sun  ;  and  then  once  more  the  silence,  a  deserted, 
ghostly  mining  camp,  a  memory  and  a  regret. 

The  pioneer  father  of  this  pioneer  son  was  Lafayette  Mecham,  a  mem- 
ber of  a  family  of  rugged  pioneers  of  old  New  England.  Lafayette 
Mecham  was  born  at  Hopkinton,  St.  Lawrence  County,  New  York,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1829,  son  of  Stephen  and  Dolly  (Ransom)  Mecham,  whose 
families  were  among  the  first  to  settle  in  the  Champlain  Valley  of  Ver- 
mont. Stephen  Mecham  was  a  hunter  and  trapper  in  the  .\dirondack 
Mountains.  In  1838  he  moved  out  to  Illinois  and  lived  at  Springfield, 
where  the  family  were  well  acquainted  with  Abraham  Lincoln.  Lafayette 
Mecham  after  spending  ten  or  twelve  years  of  his  youth  at  the  Illinois  cap- 
ital started  for  California  in  1849  by  way  of  the  North  Platte,  wintered  in 
Utah,  and  early  in  1850  arrived  in  Southern  California.  He  was  at  San 
Bernardino,  San  Francisco,  also  at  Salt  Lake,  and  in  1854  located  in  Los 
Angeles  and  bought  thirty-six  acres  about  a  mile  southwest  of  the  present 
Los  Angeles  Post  Office.  This  he  used  for  agriculture  and  also  cultivated 
deciduous  fruits  and  grapes  for  six  years.  This  was  followed  by  a  peddling 
expedition  through  Arizona.  While  on  this  trip  his  home  in  Los  Angeles 
was  burned,  so  he  sold  his  land  and  in  1863  removed  to  San  Bernardino, 
thus  beginning  a  half  century  of  residence  in  that  city.  On  coming  to 
San  Bernardino  he  took  a  Government  contract  to  carry  mail  between 
that  point  and  Los  Angeles,  and  his  regular  stage  brought  the  first  daily 
mail  facilities  into  the  valley.  He  is  also  credited  with  bringing  the  first 
pepper  tree  to  San  Bernardino,  was  an  extensive  bee  keeper  and  acquired 
a  large  ranch  near  the  city.  Shortly  after  the  discovery  of  gold  in  Lytle 
Creek  he  went  to  that  point  and  for  two  years  conducted  a  butcher 
.shop.  He  also  kept  a  store  for  two  years  at  Camp  Cady,  a  Government 
post  in  the  Mojave  desert.  He  also  took  up  land  at  the  Fishpond,  six 
miles  east  of  Barstow,  and  kept  a  station  four  or  five  years.  The  activities 
coincided  with  the  period  when  the  Indians  were  frequently  on  the  war 
path,  so  that  a  shot  gun  and  rifle  were  his  constant  companions  even 
when  he  went  outside  for  a  pail  of  water.  For  a  time  he  was  also  located 
at  Fort  Mojave,  where  he  conducted  a  quartz  mill  and  did  business  as  a 
dealer  in  horses.  His  homestead  ranch  of  a  hundred  sixty  acres  was 
located  at  Verdamont,  and  that  was  his  permanent  home  for  some  thirty- 
five  or  forty  years,  until  his  death  July  24,  1914,  at  the  age  of  eighty-four. 
While  in  Utah,  March  20,  1852,  he  married  Miss  Letitia  Yeager,  a  native 
of  Indiana,  who  accompanied  him  across  the  plains  and  shared  in  all 
his  experiences  until  her  death  in  1900,  nearly  fifty  years  later.  The 
children  of  this  pioneer  couple  besides  Charles  L.  were :  William  Edwin, 
a  rancher  at  Verdemont ;  George  Franklin,  a  well  borer  and  rancher  of 
San  Bernardino ;  Ransom  Marshall,  a  painter  at  San  Bernardino ;  Stephen 
Clarence,  a  Santa  Fe  Railway  employe ;  Isaac  Augustus,  who  is  in 
business  at  Santa  Ana ;  Lida  Ann  and  Denver,  now  deceased.  All  but  one 
of  these  children  were  born  in  California. 

Charles  L.  Mecham  was  born  in  Los  Angeles  in  1856,  but  acquired 
much  of  his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernardino. 
His  personal  desire  and  family  conditions  put  him  into  the  serious  activi- 
ties of  life  at  the  age  of  .seventeen  and  in  early  years  he  followed  various 
occupations  at  San  Bernardino,  principally  digging  artesian  wells,  team- 
ing, farming  and  mining. 

His  brother  George  Franklin  Mecham,  George  Yeager  and  Totii 
Warden  were  the  discoverers  of  the  famous  Silver  King  mine  at  Calico, 
but  as  the  highest  assay  thev  received  was  eight  dollars  in  silver  to  the 
ton — the  discovery  did  not  occasion  much  of  a  stir.  In  June,  188^, 
Charles  Mecham  while  prospecting  the  ledge  found  the  native  silver  and 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         951 

the  green  horn  silver  which  put  Calico  on  the  map,  and  many  millions 
were  subsequently  taken  from  the  mine.  He  gave  his  own  time  to  mining 
there  for  two  years  and  then  returned  to  San  Bernardino,  and  about  that 
time  he  bought  two  acres  situated  on  what  is  now  Base  Line  and  E  streets. 
He  paid  five  hundred  dollars  for  the  two  acres,  though  a  hundred  dollars 
of  this  was  a  bonus,  since  the  owner  desired  to  sell  only  one  acre.  This 
property  today  is  worth  between  six  thousand  and  eight  thousand  dollars 
per  acre.  Mr.  Mecham  built  his  home  here  at  1196  E  Street,  and  while 
this  has  been  his  permanent  residence  he  also  farmed  the  land  of  his 
father  at  Verdemont,  and  has  made  a  model  dry  farm  of  his  portion  of 
the  estate.  It  is  claimed  that  he  raises  the  best  potatoes  in  the  country, 
wholly  without  irrigation. 

Mr.  Mecham  is  a  member  and  vice  chairman  of  the  San  Bernardino 
Pioneer  Society,  is  a  member  of  the  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West, 
belongs  to  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  and  has  been  quite  active  in 
the  democratic  party  as  a  member  of  the  City  and  County  Central  Com- 
mittees. 

At  Los  Angeles  September  29,  1886,  he  married  Miss  Eliza  Ann 
Wixom.  She  was  born  at  San  Bernardino,  daughter  of  Reuben  Wixom, 
a  pioneer  farmer  and  teamster  in  this  locality.  Mrs.  Mecham  died  in 
1908,  and  is  survived  by  one  daughter,  Lillie  Fay.  She  is  the  wife  of 
Dwight  Bryant,  of  San  Bernardino,  a  Santa  Fe  Railway  employe.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Bryant  have  two  children,  Frances  and  Katherine. 

John  D.  Eldridge  became  a  resident  of  San  Bernardino  twenty 
years  ago  as  one  of  the  shop  men  of  the  Santa  Fe  Company.  When  he 
left  the  railroad  service  he  became  a  factor  in  local  business  affairs,  and 
his  relations  have  brought  him  in  constant  contact  with  the  public  and  have 
gained  him  a  high  degree  of  popularity  and  esteem.  He  is  a  republican 
in  politics  and  has  frequently  aided  his  friends  in  campaigns  and  worked 
for  the  better  government  of  the  city  in  which  he  takes  such  pride.  A 
case  of  the  office  seeking  the  man  occurred  when  on  June  1,  1921,  Mayor 
McNabb,  expressing  officially  the  general  esteem  in  which  Mr.  Eldgridge 
is  held,  appointed  him  to  the  office  of  chief  of  police. 

Mr.  Eldridge  was  born  at  Centralia.  Illinois,  April  18.  1868,  son 
of  Louis  and  Sarah  J.  (Doane)  Eldridge.  His  father,  who  was  of 
English  descent,  was  born  in  Massachusetts,  of  New  England  ancestry, 
and  died  in  1874.  The  mother  was  born  at  Monterev,  New  York,  daugh- 
ter of  a  farmer,  and  one  of  her  uncles  was  Dr.  J.  B.  Doane,  a  noted 
physician  of  Chicago. 

John  D.  Eldridge  grew  up  on  a  farm  in  Southern  Illinois,  attended 
district  schools  in  that  state,  and  in  1881.  at  the  age  of  thirteen,  went 
to  Topeka,  Kansas,  where  his  early  work  was  in  the  line  of  dairying 
and  farming.  For  three  years  he  was  employed  in  the  shops  of  the 
Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  Company  at  Kansas  City,  Kansas.  Then 
returning  to  Topeka,  he  was  in  the  milk  business  and  in  farm  work,  but 
finally  settled  down  to  employment  in  the  Topeka  shops  of  the  Santa  Fe 
Railroad  Company.  About  1896  Mr.  Eldridge  paid  his  first  visit  to 
Southern  California,  and  his  oft  repeated  desires  to  identify  himself 
permanently  with  the  state  led  to  his  transfer  in  1902  from  Topeka  to 
the  San  Bernardino  shops.  He  remained  with  the  company  just  a  year. 
and  then  opened  a  restaurant  at  1013  Third  Street,  near  the  Santa  Fe 
De])ot.  Mr.  Eldridge  conducted  a  ])opular  and  successful  restaurant  until 
December.  1919.  and  in  that  line  of  business  he  gained  a  constantly  in- 
rreasine  following  of  loval  friends.  \\'hen  he  sold  the  restaurant  he  and 
Mrs.  Eldridge  entered  the  real  estate  field,  and  the  firm  is  now  known 


952        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

as  J.  D.  Eldridge  &  Son,  with  offices  at  470  Court  Street.  The  firm 
handles  general  real  estate  and  insurance,  and  has  been  a  medium  in 
eflFecting  a  number  of  notable  transactions  in  Southern  California  property. 
While  performing  his  duties  as  chief  of  police  Mr.  Eldridge's  son  had 
active  charge  of  the  business. 

The  San  Bernardino  police  department  has  thirteen  employes,  including 
three  desk  sergeants,  one  plain  clothes  man,  one  license  inspector  and  eight 
patrolmen.  Some  of  these  have  been  in  the  service  a  great  many  years, 
and  in  the  spirit  and  efficiency  of  the  personnel  there  is  not  a  more 
reliable  force  in  the  state.  Mr.  Eldridge  held  the  office  of  chief  for  two 
months  and  during  that  time  held  the  record  of  efficiency  in  the  collection 
of  fines  and  business  license  tax.  While  he  made  a  splendid  record  in 
the  office  of  chief  and  work  in  all  police  departments  were  in  harmony, 
he  came  to  the  conclusion  that  he  would  be  more  content  in  other  lines 
of  work  and  sent  in  his  resignation  so  as  to  again  engage  in  the  real 
estate  business.  In  regretfullly  accepting  the  resignation  the  City  Council 
took  occasion  to  pay  a  high  tribute  to  the  ability  of  Chief  Eldridge. 

Mr.  Eldridge  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  San 
Bernardino  Better  City  Club.  Fraternally  he  is  affiliated  with  Phoenix 
Lodge  No.  178,  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  Scottish  Rite  Consistory  No. 
3,  Al  Malaikah  Temple  of  the  Mystic  Shrine  at  Los  Angeles,  the  Eastern 
Star  and  for  thirty-one  years  has  been  a  member  of  the  Knights  of 
Pythias  Lodge  at  Topeka. 

October  14,  1891,  at  Topeka,  Mr.  Eldridge  married  Miss  Blanche 
M.  Fleischer.  She  is  a  native  Kansan.  Her  father,  Frederick  W. 
Fleischer,  was  one  of  the  earliest  pioneers  of  the  Sunflower  State,  going 
into  the  territory  in  1849.  He  served  in  the  Home  Guard  during  the 
Civil  war,  geing  called  out  for  active  duty.  In  after  years  he  became  a 
prominent  fruit  grower  in  that  state,  and  his  old  orchard  property  is  still 
continued  by  two  of  his  sons.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Eldridge  have  three  children. 

The  oldest,  Clarence  E.,  in  active  charge  of  the  real  estate  and  insurance 
business,  is  a  Scottish  Rite  Mason,  and  by  marriage  to  Miss  Anna 
Jamieson  has  a  son,  Louis. 

The  second  son,  Louis  Emery  Eldridge,  is  an  ex-service  man,  with 
two  years  of  soldier  duty  to  his  credit.  He  trained  at  Camps  Kearney 
and  Lewis,  and  in  the  course  of  training  it  was  discovered  that  he  was  an 
electrician  and  automobile  mechanic,  and  because  of  these  qualifications 
he  was  sent  to  Augusta,  Georgia,  where  he  was  attached  to  the  aerial 
service  as  a  mechanic.  At  Camp  Greene  he  was  promoted  to  coporal. 
and  during  the  year  he  spent  in  France  was  promoted  to  sergeant.  He 
is  now  a  contractor  and  builder  at  San  Bernardino,  is  a  Scottish  Rite 
Ma.son  and  Shriner,  and  married  Miss  Lillian  Lander  of  that  city. 

The  youngest  of  the  family  is  Thelma  B.,  wife  of  Percy  C.  Jones, 
and  both  are  in  business  at  Fresno,  Mr.  Jones  having  charge  of  the  Neil, 
White  Company  Shoe  Store  and  Mrs.  Jones  has  charge  of  the  glove 
department  of  another  store  at  Fresno. 

Charles  C.  Arnold  was  for  many  years  a  busy  lawyer  at  the 
Chicago  bar.  \\'hile  he  came  out  to  Riverside  to  enjoy  the  California 
comforts  that  his  working  years  had  earned,  he  could  hardly  be  called 
a  retired  citizen,  since  he  has  entered  largely  into  the  life  of  the  community, 
has  been  honored  by  being  .selected  to  till  important  jiositions  here,  an<l 
his  associates  have  learned  to  appreciate  him  as  an  executive  with  wide 
experience  and  exceptional  judgment.  He  takes  keen  delight  in  the 
interesting  occu])ation  of  an  orange  grower,  and  posseses  what  is  con- 
sidered one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  i)icturesquc  homes  in  the  county. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        953 

His  house  is  located  on  Victoria  Hill.  It  is  a  true  California  type  with 
wide  verandas,  commanding  a  view  of  the  valley,  though  the  house  itself 
is  almost  hidden  with  vines,  foliage  and  flowers.  Set  back  in  seclusion 
from  the  public  thoroughfare  it  is  aproached  by  a  winding  drive,  and  is 
surrounded  on  all  sides  with  citrus  growth  and  ornamental  trees. 

Charles  C.  Arnold  was  born  in  Franklin  County,  New  York,  December 
22,  1858,  and  is  a  descendant  of  Wilham  Arnold,  who  came  from 
luigland  in  1640  and  settled  in  Watertown,  Massachusetts.  Later  the 
Arnolds  moved  to  Warwick,  Rhode  Island,  and  before  the  Revolution 
the  great-grandfather  of  Charles  C.  Arnold  moved  to  Vermont.  One  of 
the  numerous  branches  of  the  original  Arnolds  in  America  was  represented 
by  Benedict  Arnold.  Christopher  C.  Arnold,  father  of  the  Riverside 
lawyer  and  orange  grower,  was  born  in  Vermont,  and  gave  his  active 
life  to  agriculture.  He  served  with  a  New  York  Cavalry  regiment  in 
the  Civil  war.  His  wife  was  Emily  L.  Tenny,  a  native  of  Vermont  and 
of  English  and  Revolutionary  stock.  His  grandfather  was  frequently 
called  out  to  serve  with  the  Minute  Men  in  repelling  British  invasions 
of  the  district  around  Eake  Champlain. 

Charles  C.  Arnold  attended  public  schools  at  Malone,  New  York,  and 
is  an  alumnus  of  Hamilton  College  at  Clinton,  New  York.  He  graduated 
A.  B.  with  the  class  of  1885.  While  in  college  he  joined  the  New  York 
National  Guard,  and  had  five  years  of  service  to  his  credit  with  that 
organization.  After  leaving  college  Mr.  Arnold  went  West  and  was 
principal  of  a  school  at  LaCrosse,  Wisconsin,  for  three  years.  While 
teaching  he  studied  law  and  when  admitted  to  practice  he  gave  up  teaching 
altogether. 

Mr.  Arnold  was  a  practicing  lawyer  at  the  Chicago  bar  from  1888 
until  1913,  a  period  of  twenty-five  years.  He  did  a  general  practice,  with 
a  clientele  that  associated  him  with  many  prominent  interests  in  that  city. 
For  more  than  twenty  years  of  this  time  he  had  his  home  in  the  north 
shore  suburb  of  Winnetka,  where  he  and  Mrs.  Arnold  were  influential 
in  promoting  many  of  the  movements  and  interests  that  made  that  one 
of  the  finest  home  communities  around  Chicago.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Library  Board,  attorney  for  the  Board  of  Education,  and  for  many 
years  city  attorney.  He  frequently  attended  state  and  county  republican 
conventions  as  a  delegate  and  was  also  for  years  president  of  the  Winnetka 
Republican  Club. 

Mr.  Arnold  on  giving  up  his  law  practice  came  to  Riverside  in  1913. 
He  purchased  various  orange  groves  and  now  owns  twenty-nine  acres 
in  citrus  fruits  on  Victoria  Avenue,  on  Horace  Street  and  on  Hawarden 
Drive.  He  also  has  .some  unimproved  acreage  on  the  hills  above  Hawarden 
Drive.  Since  coming  to  Riverside  he  has  been  a  director  in  the  Victoria 
Avenue  Citrus  Association,  and  for  the  last  two  or  three  years  has  been 
a  director  of  the  Riverside-Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange,  a  director 
of  the  California  Fruit  Growers  Exchange  and  of  the  Fruit  Growers 
Supply  Company.  The  year  after  he  came  to  Riverside  Mr.  Arnold  was 
elected  president  and  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce. 
He  served  as  president  one  year  and  has  since  been  retained  on  the  Board 
of  Directors.  He  has  also  been  a  member  of  the  Library  Board,  is  a 
member  of  the  Present  Day  Club,  and  for  many  years  has  been  deeply 
interested  in  the  objects  of  the  Humane  Society,  and  has  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  local  society. 

February  14,  1894,  at  Johnstown,  Pennsylvania,  Mr.  Arnold  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  Tittle,  a  native  of  that  state,  daughter  of  John  S.  and 
Jane  fMaclay)  Tittle.  Her  father  was  of  English  and  her  mother  of 
Scotch  ancestry.     Her  mother's  grand-uncle,  ^^'illiam  Maclay.   was  one 


954         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  the  first  two  senators  from  Pennsylvania.  Her  great-grandfather  and 
his  brother  were  in  the  United  States  Senate,  from  Pennsylvania.  The 
journal  of  William  Maclay_,  kept  during  the  two  years  of  his  service  as 
senator,  is  one  of  the  most  important  sources  of  the  history  of  the  first 
administration  of  Washington.  Another  ancestor  of  Mrs.  Arnold  was 
Rev.  Thomas  Buckingham,  a  New  England  preacher  from  1665  until 
1709,  and  one  of  the  founders  and  a  Fellow  of  Yale  University.  Mrs. 
.Arnold  has  been  a  member  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution 
for  many  years. 

The  interests  of  her  own  life  have  been  in  keeping  with  the  noble 
traditions  of  her  ancestry.  After  the  great  Johnstown  flood  of  1889,  as 
a  young  woman  she  served  as  chairman  of  the  committee  of  distribution 
for  the  Red  Cross  and  worked  in  that  connection  with  Miss  Clara  Barton, 
founder  of  the  American  Red  Cross.  Since  coming  to  Riverside  she 
has  borne  an  influential  part  in  civic  and  club  afi^airs,  has  been  president 
of  the  Woman's  Club,  is  past  president  of  the  Southern  District  of  the 
Federation,  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  State 
Federation.  She  was  chairman  of  the  History  and  Landmark's  Com- 
mittee. She  has  expended  much  time  and  eff'ort  during  the  last  few  years 
to  get  better  legislation  for  the  Indians.  Her  deep  interest  in  Indian  wel- 
fare was  largely  influential  in  having  the  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs 
include  this  as  one  of  its  activities,  and  she  was  the  first  chairman  of  the 
Indian  Welfare  Committee  of  the  State  Federation. 

M.\RK  B.MLEY  Sh.\w.  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of  the  most  highly 
esteemed  citizens,  and  while  he  is  not  a  pioneer  he  has  so  thoroughly 
impressed  his  personality  upon  its  civic  life,  has  created  such  confidence 
in  himself,  that  he  is  regarded  justly  as  one  of  its  leaders,  as  de- 
pendable as  the  Rock  of  Gibraltar. 

He  is,  in  some  respects,  anomalistic,  for  while  he  spent  the  years  of 
his  earlv  manhood  in  the  fervent  and  vigilant  service  of  God,  having 
a  deep  knowledge  of  the  things  of  God,  he  is  just  as  .successful,  just 
as  finely  qualified  for  an  active  business  life.  As  a  public  officer,  as  a 
leader  in  educational  matters,  Mr.  Shaw  has  demonstrated  many  times 
that  he  possesses  as  burning  a  zeal  for  service  of  the  commonwealth 
as  he  evidenced  in  the  pulpits  he  so  adequately  filled. 

Mr.  Shaw  has  never  been  mastered  by  circumstances,  but  always 
acts  upon  his  ow^n  initiative,  enthusiastically  and  decisively,  at  all  times 
his  motto,  the  time  worn,  "Be  sure  you're  right,  then  go  ahead."  He 
has  the  rare  gift  of  adroit  facility  of  speech,  is  a  past  master  of  the 
art  of  graceful  expression  and  in  popular  parlance  would  be  designated 
as  "silver-tongued,"  but  he  is  something  better  than  that.  He  has  a 
talent  for  clothing  his  opinions  in  phrases  which  cling,  which  live  in  the 
memory,  and  a  voice  attuned  to  utter  them.  When  occasion  demands  he 
can  drive  home  an  argvmient  in  swift,  frilless,  clean-cut  English,  which 
is   wonderfvilly  convincing. 

Mark  B.  Shaw  was  born  in  Waterville,  Nova  Scotia,  November  17, 
1862,  the  son  of  Isaac  and  Salome  (Freeman)  Shaw.  David  Shaw, 
grandfather  of  Isaac,  was  a  United  Loyalist  and  received  a  grant  of 
1,000  acres  in  Kings  County,  Nova  Scotia,  as  a  reward  for  his  loyalty 
to  the  crown.  Both  Isaac  Shaw  and  his  father,  Sidney  Shaw,  were 
farmers  and  nurserymen,  making  a  specialty  of  raising  fruit  trees. 
Zoeth  Freeman,  father  of  Salome  (Freeman)  Shaw,  was  also  of  United 
Empire  Loyalist  stock,  receiving  also  a  tract  of  land  in  Queens  County. 
He   was  a   miller  by   occupation,   and   met  his  death  by  drowning  in  a 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        955 

lake  near  his  mill.  On  both  sides  of  the  family  Mark  B.  Shaw's  ancestry 
was  loyally  patriotic. 

When  Mark  B.  Shaw  was  about  six  years  old  his  family  moved  to 
Berwick,  Kings  County,  Nova  Scotia,  and  here  he  received  his  primary 
education  in  the  public  schools,  but  the  most  valuable  education  he 
ever  had  was  that  given  him  by  his  mother,  a  highly  educated,  talented 
woman  and  a  graduate  of  Mt.  Holyoke  Seminary.  At  the  age  of 
seventeen  he  entered  Horton  Collegiate  Academy  at  Wolfville,  Nova 
Scotia,  and  matriculated  to  Acadia  University  and  was  graduated  in 
the  class  of  1886.  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.  In  the  summer  of  1889  he 
received  the  degree  of  A.  M. 

His  natural  inclination  was  towards  the  ministry,  and  he  began 
preaching  at  the  age  of  eighteen.  On  July  17,  1886,  he  was  ordained  at 
Cow  Bay,  Cape  Breton,  Nova  Scotia.  He  began  his  ministry  there, 
having  four  small  churches  in  the  district  under  his  charge,  and  a 
strenuous  life  ensued,  for  he  had  to  do  hard  driving  to  preach  a  sermon 
every  other  Sunday  in  the  four  churches  under  his  care.  For  this  he 
received  the  sum  of  five  hundred  pounds  yearly  and  in  addition  a  house 
to  make  his  home  in. 

In  May,  1888,  he  was  called  to  Yarmouth,  to  "The  Milton  Church" 
of  that  city,  and  in  Yarmouth,  Nova  Scotia,  he  remained  until  September, 
1889,  when  his  health  began  to  fail  rapidly,  until  he  was  completely 
broken  down,  physically.  About  this  time,  when  a  change  of  climate 
was  imperative  for  the  restoration  of  his  health,  D.  A.  Shaw,  an  uncle 
of  his  who  lived  in  Los  Angeles,  was  there  on  a  visit,  and  he  induced 
him  to  come  to  California  to  regain  his  health.  He  arrived  in  San 
Bernardino  October  8,  1889,  but  went  on  at  once  to  San  Diego.  Here 
he  met  the  deacons  of  the  church  at  Fallbrook,  and  they  at  once  offered 
him  the  charge  there.  He  accepted  and  took  charge  of  the  church  there, 
remaining  as  its  pastor  six  months. 

At  this  time  the  Baptist  Mission  Board  of  Nova  Scotia,  New  Bruns- 
wick, and  Prince  Edward  Island  had  a  missionary  field  in  India,  at 
X'izianagran,  Madras  Presidency,  about  half  way  between  Madras  and 
Calcutta,  about  212  miles  from  the  latter  city.  They  were  looking 
for  a  minister  with  exceptional  qualities  to  take  charge  of  this  field,  and 
knew  that  Mr.  Shaw  had  made  a  brilliant  record,  despite  his  youth, 
as  a  living,  loving  channel  of  truth,  and  as  a  iiastor  who  possessed  the 
"spark  of  Heavenly  fire  within."  And  above  all  that  he  was  a  graceful, 
happy,  apt  speaker  in  the  church,  one  who  would  be  quick  to  pick  up  the 
imagery  and  picture'jqueness  of  the  language  of  India,  who  would  appeal 
to  the  native  element  of  that  country.  They  wired  him  offering  him 
the  mission  field,  asking  him  to  open  it.  He  accepted  and  resigned  the 
pastorate  of  Fallbrook,  leaving  at  once  for  Nova  Scotia  to  prepare  for 
his  trip. 

In  September  he  sailed  for  India  from  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  arriv- 
ing at  his  destination  on  December  1,  1890.  He  found  his  headquarters 
was  a  bungalow  of  eighteen  suites  of  rooms  and  onlv  ten  feet  above  sea 
level.  Resolutely  he  started  in  his  work,  collecting  six  native  preachers 
out  of  the  old  missions  there  and  organized  the  field  in  fine  shape.  He 
speedily  mastered  the  language  and  worked  hard  until  January  1.  1895. 
when  he  resigned  and  returned  to  Fallbrook,  via  Vancouver,  British 
Columbia.  He  remained  in  Fallbrook  one  month,  and  then  occupied  the 
pulpit  at  Ontario  for  nine  months.  On  .\oril  1,  1896,  he  returned  to 
Fallbrook,  and  there  he  remained  until  October  18,  1899,  when  he 
came  to  San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  since  lived. 

When  he  came  to  San  Bernardino  it  was  as  pastor  of  the  First 
Baptist   Church,   succeeding  Dr.   Frost   there,   and   the   members   of   the 


956        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

church  at  first  thought  it  was  rather  presumptuous  for  a  man  of  his 
age  to  even  try,  with  any  idea  of  success,  to  fill  a  pulpit  so  recently 
occupied  by  a  man  of  whom  they  thought  so  highly.  But  in  a  very 
short  time  Dr.  Shaw  proved  to  them  that  he  was  making  the  church 
work  a  greater  success  than  it  had  ever  been.  As  an  illustration  of 
his  business  acumen  he  induced  the  trustees  to  sell  the  old  church  and 
build  on  the  present  site  at  Fourth  and  G,  the  beautiful  church  located 
there  now. 

On  November  1,  1909,  he  retired  from  the  pastorate  and  entered 
the  undertaking  business  with  J.  W.  Barton,  the  firm  being  Barton  & 
Shaw  and  existing  thirteen  months,  when  he  sold  out.  On  February 
1,  1911,  he  started  in  business  on  his  own  account,  but  now  the  firm 
is  the  Mark  B.  Shaw  Company,  the  company  consisting  of  his  sons, 
Harold  and  Douglas. 

On  June  7,  1886,  he  married  Antoinette  Dewis,  a  daughter  of  Cap- 
tain Robert  Dewis,  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  a  granddaughter  of  Joshua 
Dewis,  of  England,  who  was  the  founder  of  the  Dewis  family  in 
America.  They  were  the  parents  of  six  children :  Harold  Dewis  Shaw, 
born  in  Cow  Bay  in  1887,  married  Mabel  Johnston,  of  Upland,  and  has 
two  children,  Dewis  and  Muriel.  He  is  assistant  secretary  of  the  San  Ber- 
nardino Society  of  California  Pioneers.  Herbert  Carl,  born  in  Yar- 
mouth, Nova  -Scotia,  in  January,  1889,  married  Grace  Hison,  of  San 
Bernardino,  and  has  two  children,  Rosalyn  and  Glenn.  Wayland  Bart- 
lett,  born  in  Vizianagran,  India,  in  March,  1890,  married  Ilian  Hathaway, 
and  has  two  children,  Mark  B.  Jr.,  and  Robert.  He  lives  at  Buena 
Park,  Orange  County.  Douglas  McNeil,  born  in  Vizianagran,  India, 
June  20,  1893,  married  Marry  A.  Durbin,  of  San  Bernardino,  and  they 
have  three  children,  Antoinette  Joy.  Clella  May  and  Douglas.  Muriel 
Joy,  born  September  20,  1895,  in  Ontario,  San  Bernardino  County,  was 
married  to  Donald  W.  Brown,  of  San  Bernardino,  and  has  one  child; 
Donald  Shaw  Brown.  Vernal  Emily  was  born  March  22,  1902,  in  San 
Bernardino. 

Mr.  Shaw  was  for  four  years  a  member  of  the  school  board  and 
helped  to  build  the  Polytechnic  Schools.  He  was  elected  supervisor 
for  a  four  year  term  but  resigned  after  four  months  service  to  go  into 
his  old  regiment  as  chaplain.  He  was  most  unjustly  turned  down  on 
account  of  his  age,  and  was  immediately  reappointed  supervisor,  serv- 
ing two  years. 

On  April  1,  1909,  Governor  Gilette  appointed  him  chaplain  of  the 
.Seventh  Regiment.  N.  G.  C.  and  he  served  in  this  position  continuously 
for  seven  years. 

Mr.  Shaw  is  a  member  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  290,  I.  O.  O.  F\  ; 
of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  B.  P.  O.  E. ;  Phoenix  Lodge,  No.  178, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.;  Keystone  Chapter,  R.  A.  M. ;  and  San  Bernardino 
Commandery,  K.  T.,  of  which  he  was  prelate  eight  years. 

He  has  been  a  trustee  of  the  Baptist  Church  ever  since  leaving  his 
pastorate. 

Politically  he  is  affiliated  with  the  republican  party. 

William  J.  Mackey  is  one  of  the  prosperous  residents  of  Riverside 
and  is  operating  his  fifteen-acre  ranch  in  a  profitable  manner  and  raising 
alfalfa,  grain,  corn  and  chickens,  specializing  on  the  latter.  All  of  his 
life  he  has  been  a  farmer  and  is  one  of  the  most  experienced  agriculturists 
of  this  part  of  the  state.  He  was  born  in  Holt  County,  Missouri,  Novem- 
ber 21,  1853,  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  (Jones)  Mackey,  both  of  whom 
are  deceased.  They  were  born  in  Tennessee,  and  the  latter  was  taken 
from  the  Big  Bend  State  to  Missouri  at  a  very  early  day  after  her  father 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIXKRSIDI'  COUNTIES         957 

ha.l  ainiplricl  lii^  service  as  a  soUiiiT  dnrin;^  ilu'  War  of  1S12.  Tliunias 
JNIackey  was  taken  to  Missouri  by  iiis  parents  in  1810,  when  he  was  still 
a  baby,  they  being  among  the  first  settlers  of  Pike  County,  that  state, 
and  there  the  family  became  very  prominent.  In  1850  Thomas  Mackey 
left  Pike  County  with  the  idea  of  going  to  the  Coast  in  search  of  gold, 
but  passing  through  Holt  County,  Missouri,  was  so  pleased  with  it  that 
he  decided  to  settle  in  it.  The  Mackey  family  is  an  old  American  one, 
and  two  uncles  of  Thomas  Mackey  lived  through  their  service  in  the 
American  Revolution,  the  third  dying  in  the  service.  Thomas  Mackey 
tried  to  enlist  in  the  Union  army  during  the  war  between  the  North  and 
the  South,  but  was  refused  on  account  of  physical  unfitness.  By  occupa- 
tion he  was  a  farmer,  and  he  was  a  man  of  importance  in  Holt  County. 

William  J.  Mackey  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  county,  and 
early  in  life  worked  in  the  saw-mills  of  Missouri.  In  1875  he  went  by 
team  to  Idaho  and  located  near  Weiser,  and  there  he  was  engaged  in 
farming  until  1913,  when  he  came  to  California.  During  his  long  resi- 
dence in  Idaho  he  went  through  some  exciting  experiences,  and  was  in 
the  campaign  against  the  Indians  in  1877-8  when  the  Bannocks,  led  by 
Chief  ButTalo  Horn,  took  the  war  path.  It  is  difficult  for  the  present  gen- 
eration to  realize  the  dangers  of  those  times,  but  Mr.  Mackey  knows  all 
about  them  for  he  took  active  part  in  making  Idaho  safe  for  the  settlers 
and  placing  the  Indians  under  a  wise  restraint. 

In  1913  Mr.  Mackey  sold  his  Idaho  interests  and  came  to  Riverside, 
purchasing  fifteen  acres  at  225  West  Arlington  Street,  and  here  he  has 
since  resided.  His  place  is  specially  fitted  for  chicken  raising,  and  he  is 
doing  extremely  well  with  all  of  his  products.  While  he  is  a  democrat, 
Mr.  Mackey  in  local  matters  has  espoused  the  prohibition  cause  and  was 
one  of  the  active  workers  in  behalf  of  the  movement  in  both  Idaho  and 
California,  and  no  one  rejoiced  more  than  he  over  the  passage  and  ratifi- 
cation of  the  Eighteenth  Amendment,  and  he  is  equally  determined  that 
it  shall  be  rigidly  enforced.  In  Idaho  he  served  his  party  as  a  delegate 
to  the  county  conventions.  A  zealous  member  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows,  he  is  a  past  grand  of  his  order.  In  Idaho  he  belonged 
to  the  Farmers  Union.    The  Baptist  Church  has  in  him  a  sincere  member. 

On  October  18,  1885,  Mr.  Mackey  married  in  Idaho  Miss  Ada  Hopper, 
a  native  of  Mis.souri  and  a  daughter  of  Anderson  Hopper,  a  veteran  of 
the  war  between  the  states,  who  is  now  living  retired  at  Riverside.  Mrs. 
Mackey  is  of  Irish  descent.  There  are  five  children  in  the  Mackey  family, 
namely  :  Mary,  who  is  the  wife  of  Wilbur  Seid,  a  farmer  residing  on 
Central  .\venue.  Riverside,  has  three  children.  Evelyn,  William  and  Clif- 
ford ;  Alfred,  who  is  a  box  maker  for  the  Alta  Cresta  Packing  House ; 
Florence,  who  is  the  wife  of  F.  J.  Verdier,  a  veteran  of  the  World  war, 
having  served  in  the  Ninety-first  Division  in  France,  but  now  a  resident 
of  Riverside,  has  one  son,  Lowell  A. ;  Lowell,  who  is  now  assisting  his 
father,  was  for  a  long  time  connected  with  the  Post  Office  at  Seattle. 
Washington  ;  and  Curtis  W..  who  is  learning  the  sheet  metal  business  in 
Riverside. 

Arthur  B.  Cummins,  assistant  in  agricuhural  chemistry  of  the  Ex- 
perimental Station  of  the  University  of  California  at  Riverside,  is  one  of 
the  most  efficient  and  highly  trained  young  men  of  his  profession,  and 
this  region  owes  much  to  his  dependable  and  painstaking  eflforts  in  his 
special  lines.  He  is  a  native  son,  having  been  born  at  Los  Angeles 
June  6.  1895,  a  son  of  Lon  C    Cummins. 

Lon  C.  Cummins  was  born  in  Indiana,  where  he  was  reared  and 
where    he   became   a   contractor.      In    1886   he   came   to   California   and 


958         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVKRSIDK  COUNTIES 

embarked  in  a  real  estate  business,  and  was  particularly  interested  in 
Riverside  city  and  county  property.  He  was  also  interested  in  some 
miniJig  properties  in  the  desert.  For  some  vear.s  he  was  superintendent 
of  the  Hall's  Addition  Street  Railway,  the  first  line  to  be  constructed 
at  Riverside.  His  father-in-law,  Robert  Lancaster,  was  the  first  driver 
and  conductor  of  the  first  car  operated.  Subsequently  Mr.  Cummins 
established  himself  in  a  hardware  business  on  Main  Street,  just  above 
the  present  store  of  G.  Rouse  &  Company,  but  later  disposed  of  it  and 
v\'ent  into  the  lumbering  industry  in  the  State  of  Washington,  and 
while  he  was  in  that  state  looking  after  his  interests  he  died.  This  man 
of  many  and  varied  interests  served  as  editor  of  the  Daily  Enterprise 
in  earlier  days,  and  as  a  newspaperman  took  an  active  interest  in  politics, 
espousing  the  republican  cause.  Fraternally  he  was  an  Odd  Fellow 
and  belonged  to  the  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men. 

Lon  C.  Cummins  married  Miss  Annie  Lancaster,  a  native  of  Illinois 
and  a  daughter  of  Robert  Lancaster,  and  they  had  two  sons,  Roy  L. 
Cummins  and  Arthur  B.  Cummins.  Roy  L.  Cummins  was  born  at 
Riverside,  and  is  now  engaged  in  a  tailoring  business  at  Portland,  Oregon. 
He  married  Sylvia  Jackman,  and  they  have  three  children,  namely :  Car- 
roll Etta,  Vivian  and  a  son. 

Educated  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of  Riverside  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago,  Arthur  B.  Cummins  was  graduated  first  from  the 
high-school  course  in  1914,  and  from  his  university  course  in  1920,  re- 
ceiving from  the  university  his  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science.  In  1915 
he  entered  the  Experiment  Station  at  Riverside  and  remained  until  1919. 
In  the  latter  year  he  obtained  a  leave  of  absence  and  went  to  Chicago, 
Illinois,  where  he  took  his  degree.  Returning  to  Riverside,  he  resumed 
his  duties  as  laboratory  assistant,  and  is  still  performing  them.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  American  Chemical  Society  and  the  American  Electro 
Chemical  Society.  A  Mason,  he  belongs  to  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259, 
F.  and  A.  M.,  and  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  college  fraternity  Acacia. 
Republican  principles  and  candidates  receive  his  support  but  he  has 
never  been  active  in  politics. 

In  May,  1916,  Mr.  Cummins  married  at  San  Bernardino  Miss  Hazel 
Cutting,  a  native  of  Massachusetts  and  a  daughter  of  E.  T.  Cutting,  a 
rancher  of  Riverside.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cummins  have  one  daughter,  Thelma 
Alice. 

Wii.Li.\M  L.  Scott.  Riverside  is  noted  for  its  beautiful  park  system, 
which  compares  favorably  with  any  in  the  West,  and  the  thousands  who 
enjoy  the  many  advantages  furnished  by  the  fine  parks  of  the  city  have 
ample  cause  to  be  grateful  to  the  skill,  foresight  and  artistic  perceptions 
of  William  L.  Scott,  superintendent  of  parks.  Mr.  Scott  was  born  in 
Ontario,  Canada,  May  8,  1863,  a  son  of  George  and  Janet  (Irving)  Scott, 
natives  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  who  located  in  Ontario,  Canada.  Mr. 
Scott's  grandfather,  on  the  paternal  side,  died  while  on  the  ocean  and  his 
remains  were  buried  at  sea.  George  Scott  passed  away  in  Canada  in 
1876,  when  William  L.  was  thirteen  years  of  age.  His  widow  survived 
him  many  years,  passing  away  at  home  in  Canada  in  1917,  when  ninety- 
three  years  of  age. 

William  L.  Scott  attended  the  public  schools  of  Canada,  and  his  first 
business  experience  was  gained  in  a  livery  business  at  Winchester,  Canada, 
which  he  sold  in  1886,  and  came  West  to  California.  Settling  in  River- 
side County,  he  was  first  engaged  in  work  on  grading  the  famous  speed- 
way around  the  City  of  Corona,  and  then  came  to  the  City  of  Riverside, 
where  he  found  employment  in  the  livery  stable  of  Charles  P.  Hayt,  but 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  Rl\-KRSlDli  COUNTIES        959 

after  a  month  left  him  to  engage  with  Edward  E.  Miller.  Some  months 
later  he  obtained  the  position  of  baggage  master  for  the  Santa  Fe  Rail- 
road, and  held  it  for  four  years. 

The  office  of  ronstable  becoming  vacant  Mr.  Scott  was  appointed  to 
fill  out  the  unexpired  term,  and  proved  so  capable  that  he  was  elected  to 
the  office  at  the  succeeding  election  and  re-elected  four  years  later,  hold- 
ing it  for  twelve  years,  and  at  the  same  time  he  served  as  deputy  sheriff 
by  appointment. 

In  1910  he  bought  the  Hotel  Warrington  and  conducted  it  for  seven 
years,  trading  it  in  December,  1917,  for  a  house  at  494  Palm  Avenue;  a 
house  on  South  Olive  Street,  between  Thirty-ninth  and  Santa  Barbara 
streets  in  Los  Angeles  and  a  flat  building  on  Van  Ness  Avenue  in  Holly- 
wood. He  also  owns  his  beautiful  residence  at  1049  Almond  Street, 
Riverside. 

In  April,  1918,  Mr.  Scott  was  appointed  superintendent  of  parks  of 
Riverside,  and  has  occupied  that  position  ever  since.  Inaugurating  a  vig- 
orous campaign  upon  taking  charge  of  his  position  he  has  made  Fair- 
mont Park  an  excellent  paying  proposition,  turning  in  during  1920  from 
the  plunge,  boats  and  concessions  $8,509.50  to  the  city  treasury  as  against 
$3,300,  the  previous  revenue.  The  year  1921  yielded  from  the  same 
sources  $8,743.35.  The  park  has  been  greatly  improved  and  the  boat 
capacity  increased  from  $300  to  $2,500  annually.  The  old  wooden  fire- 
place in  this  park  has  been  replaced  by  a  fine,  sanitary,  up-to-date  com- 
munity kitchen,  with  sixteen  three-burner  plates,  a  cement  floor,  four- 
foot  walls,  all  screened  in.  On  the  island  in  the  park  he  has  put  in  four 
cement  bridges,  all  electric-lighted.  A  new  bandstand  has  been  built  at 
a  cost  of  $5,000,  and  he  is  now  engaged  in  putting  in  forty-i^even  new 
dressing  rooms  for  the  plunge.  There  are  seventy-three  and  one-half 
acres  in  this  park,  and  a  total  of  probably  ninety  in  all  of  the  parks,  in- 
cluding White  Park  in  the  heart  of  the  city,  which  contains  five  acres. 
Low  Park,  the  Palm  Garden  on  Fourteenth  and  New  Magnolia  streets, 
and  the  park  on  Eighth  Street  between  Pepper  Street  and  the  Rubidoux 
Drive.  He  has  added  many  beautiful  flowers  in  White  Park,  and  set  out 
all  of  the  palms  in  the  Palm  Garden.  In  all  of  these  improvements  he 
has  had  the  full  support  of  the  park  board,  as  well  as  of  the  leading 
citizens,  and  as  a  result  has  greatly  beautified  the  city,  which  is  recognized 
to  be  fully  entitled  to  its  name  of  the  Gem  City. 

On  September  17,  1884,  Mr.  Scott  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Matilda  Morrow,  a  native  of  Canada  and  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Mor- 
row, a  farmer  of  Canada,  whose  family  was  of  Irish  descent.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Scott  have  one  daughter.  Miss  Mabel  Janet  Scott,  a  very  talented 
young  lady,  who  was  formerly  connected  in  a  reportorial  capacity  on  the 
Riverside  Press,  but  is  now  prosecuting  special  .studies  in  New  York  City. 
Mr.  Scott  is  a  Christian  Scientist.  He  belongs  to  the  Independent  Order 
of  Foresters,  the  Pioneer  Club  and  the  Present  Day  Club.  During  the 
late  war  he  rendered  very  efficient  service  as  a  committeeman  on  all  of 
the  drives  to  secure  funds  for  war  purposes,  his  district  being  the  Palm 
Avenue  one.  A  republican,  he  is  active  in  his  party,  and  often  is  called 
upon  to  represent  it  in  both  city  and  county  conventions. 

Thorough-going  in  all  that  he  undertakes,  Mr.  Scott  is  emphatically 
the  right  man  in  the  right  place  and  if  he  is  only  permitted  to  continue 
to  carry  out  his  ideas,  will  work  miracles  in  landscape  gardening  and  city 
beautifying.  His  love  for  Riverside  is  sincere  and  practical,  and  he  is 
not  one  to  rest  content  with  what  he  has  already  accomplished,  but  is  ever 
looking  forward  toward  still  greater  achievements  for  he  fully  believes 
that  there  is  no  limit  to  the  possibilities  of  the  city. 


960        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Priestley  Hall — Among  men  to  whom  the  Riverside  community 
would  gladly  do  honor  none  was  more  worthy  by  reason  of  his  con- 
structive energy  than  the  late  Priestley  Hall.  A  large  area  on  which 
beautiful  homes  and  homesteads  now  stand  was  developed  from  land 
owned  by  Mr.  Hall  and  his  family.  Possessed  of  rare  intellectual  gifts, 
he  had  the  foresight  of  a  pioneer  and  the  practical  energy  to  realize 
visions  and  make  his  aims  and  purposes  come  true. 

Mr.  Hall  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  15,  1859.  A  year 
after  his  birth  his  parents  removed  to  New  York  City,  where  he 
lived  and  acquired  his  early  education.  He  was  fourteen  when  the 
family  came  to  California  in  1873.  This  date  is  almost  at  the  beginning 
of  the  real  history  of  Riverside.  Priestley  Hall  continued  his  educa- 
tion in  the  local  schools  here  until  1877,  and  after  that  became  associ- 
ated with  his  father's  horticultural  enterprises. 

In  1880  Mr.  Hall  bought  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  unimproved 
land  from  Mrs.  Annie  Denton  Cridge.  This  land  lay  east  of  his  father's 
place.  Later  he  added  another  eighty  acres,  and  with  forty  acres  left 
him  by  his  father  he  possessed  two  hundred  and  eighty  acres,  all  within 
the  city  limits.  The  first  important  development  of  this  land  for  resi- 
dential purposes  was  done  in  1886,  when  he  subdivided  twenty  acres 
and  sold  it.  In  the  spring  of  1887  he  subdivided  and  sold  forty  acres 
more.  The  success  in  handling  these  two  subdivisions  encouraged  him 
to  plan  the  improvement  and  development  of  the  entire  tract,  and  part 
of  his  father's  homestead  as  well.  This  he  platted  as  Hall's  Addition 
to  Riverside.  Mr.  Hall  graded  avenues  and  streets,  laid  out  parks,  set 
out  thousands  of  ornamental  trees,  and  during  his  lifetime  sold  every 
lot  and  parcel  except  twenty  acres  comprised  in  his  homestead.  As  a 
result  of  this,  one  of  the  largest  real  estate  development  transactions 
in  Riverside  County,  he  realized  a  substantial  fortune. 

As  a  young  man  he  acted  as  assistant  engineer  of  the  Gage  canal 
system  under  C.  C.  Miller,  and  was  really  a  technical  expert  in  irri- 
gation and  hydraulic  engineering.  In  the  development  of  his  land  he 
incorporated  Hall's  Addition  Water  Company,  became  its  president,  and 
laid  pipe  lines  from  the  reservoir  two  and  a  half  miles  to  his  addition, 
passing  all  the  principal  avenues  and  providing  a  sufficient  supply  for 
both  irrigation  and  domestic  purposes.  After  expending  sixty  thousand 
dollars  on  this  system  he  sold  to  the  Artesia  Water  Company  at  the 
actual  cost  of  installation. 

In  June,  1887,  was  incorporated  Hall's  Addition  Railroad  Company, 
with  Mr.  Hall  as  president  and  general  manager.  This  company  built 
and  equipped  a  mile  and  a  half  of  street  railway  from  Tenth  and  Main 
to  the  center  of  the  Hall  tract.  The  cars  were  operated  by  mule  power. 
This  car  line  he  consolidated  with  the  Riverside  Arlington  Railway, 
and  became  a  director  in  the  latter.  He  also  organized  and  was  sole 
proprietor  of  Hall's  Addition  Nursery  Company,  which  supplied  horti- 
cultural and  ornamental  stocks  over  a  wide  territory. 

Hall's  Addition  he  made  one  of  the  most  beautiful  residential  sec- 
tions of  the  city,  and  all  who  recognize  its  limits  appreciate  the  wonder- 
ful work  done  there  by  its  originator. 

His  enterprise  extended  in  other  directions.  At  Corona  he  developed 
and  placed  on  the  market  a  large  acreage  of  alfalfa  land,  and  its  develop- 
ment led  appreciably  to  the  present  prosperity  and  growth  of  Corona. 
Near  Arch  Beach  he  was  interested  in  land  as  far  as  San  Juan  Point. 
During  his  lifetime  his  home  place  was  noted  for  the  wonderful  quality 
of  the  oranges  produced  in  his  groves.  He  was  a  republican  and  pro- 
hibitionist, and  worked  ardently  for  prohibition.     He  was  a  member  of 


^juutt^-UtJA^ 


SAN  BEkXARDlNO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        %1 

the  Second  Church  of  Christ.  Scientist,  and  his  life  was  a  complete 
exemplification  of  the  doctrines  of  his  faith.  He  was  also  affihated 
with  Evergreen  Lodge  No.  259,  F.  and  A.  M.,  Riverside  Chapter  No. 
67,  R.  A.  M.,  and  Riverside  Commandery  No.  28,  K.  T.  He  was 
highly  esteemed  as  a  Mason,  and  the  resolutions  passed  by  these  bodies 
at  the  time  of  his  death  presented  a  straightforward  record  of  the 
beauty  of  his  character  and  his  devotion  to  friendship  and  fraternal 
brotherhood.  No  resident  of  Riverside  was  more  imbued  with  civic 
pride,  and  none  was  more  frequently  a  leader  in  public  movements  that 
would  tend  to  develop  or  improve  the  city. 

July  29,  1890,  ]\Ir.  Hall  married  ^iiss  Agnes  Overton,  who  was 
born  at  Avoca,  Wisconsin.  Mr.  Hall  gave  Mrs.  Hall  as  a  wedding  gift 
beautiful  Rockledge,  which  has  been  her  home  ever  since.  For  many 
years  she  has  been  a  consistent  member  of  the  Church  of  Christ, 
Scientist. 

Many  of  the  oldest  friends  and  business  associates  of  Priestley  Hall 
were  his  brothers  in  Riverside  Commandery  No.  28  of  the  Knights 
Templars,  and  the  formal  In  Memorium  drafted  by  this  Commandery 
and  entered  into  its  records  as  a  tribute  of  resfiect  contains  some  dis- 
criminating references  to  him  as  a  man  and  citizen  that  may  be  appropri- 
ately used  in  the  conclusion  of   this  brief  article: 

"Of  a  deeply  religious  nature  with  none  of  the  asperities  of  sect. 
Kindly,  generous,  with  a  large  sense  of  charity  toward  the  failings  of 
others,  it  seemed  impossible  for  him  to  view  his  fellow  men  from  any 
narrow  standpoint.  Few  men  worked  more  assiduously  in  business, 
yet  his  success  was  marked  by  a  greater  standard  than  money. 

"His  was  of  a  retiring  nature,  never  ostentatiously  or  offensively  ad- 
vancing any  of  the  views  he  held  so  decidedly  on  all  important  measures 
concerning  the  community,  maintaining  them  in  his  gentle  way,  often 
with  greater  efTect  than  loud  and  apparent  persistence  would  have  done. 
Public  life,  other  than  a  strict  attention  to  the  duties  of  a  private 
citizen,  had  no  attraction  for  him.  His  home  to  him  was  the  ideal  spot 
on  earth  and  his  love  of  birds  and  flowers  was  one  of  his  marked 
characteristics. 

"All  of  our  Commandery  who  knew  him,  all  his  neighbors  and  business 
associates,  in  speaking  of  him  will  always  have  in  mind  his  uncommon 
amiability  and  genial  smile  and  word,  and  after  character  is  considered, 
what  higher  word  of  praise  can  be  uttered." 

William  C.  Moore  has  been  a  merchant  and  business  man  of  River- 
side nearly  thirty  years.  His  life  career  has  been  one  of  somewhat 
strenuous  experience,  leading  him  all  the  way  from  a  ranch  in  the  Dako- 
tas  through  range  riding  and  mining  in  Nevada  until  he  reached  the  more 
peaceful  scenes  of  Southern  California,  where  he  has  successfully  solved 
the  problems  of  a  business  career. 

Mr.  Moore  is  one  of  the  founders  and  executive  officers  of  that 
widely  known  mercantile  service  known  as  the  Alpha  Beta  Stores,  one 
of  the  most  systematic  and  successful  organizations  of  the  kind  in  South- 
ern California. 

Mr.  Moore  was  born  at  Battle  Creek,  Michigan,  June  27,  1868.  The 
family  is  of  Irish  descent  and  was  established  at  old  Lowell,  Massa- 
chusetts, several  generations  ago.  His  father,  ].  H.  Moore,  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts  but  spent  his  early  life  in  Michigan  and  when  the  Civil 
war  came  on  enlisted  at  Battle  Creek  and  became  a  lieutenant  in  the 
Seventh  Michigan  Infantry.  He  was  in  many  engagements  and  battles, 
was  once  wounded  in  the  knee,  but  after  several  months  home  on  fur- 
lough recovered  in  time  to  rejoin  his  command. 


962         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  R1\ERS1DE  COUNTIES 

When  William  C.  JMoore  was  about  twelve  or  thirteen  years  of  age 
tile  family  moved  to  Dakota  Territory,  in  what  is  now  South  Dakota, 
where  his  father  pre-empted  land  about  ninety  miles  from  Aberdeen. 
For  eight  years  Mr.  Aloore  had  a  training  in  the  mental  and  jihysica! 
resourcefulness  required  of  all  those  who  contended  with  the  hardships 
of  the  frontier.  He  gained  a  thorough  knowledge  of  ranching,  and  in 
1888,  at  the  age  of  twenty,  when  he  started  out  to  make  his  own  living 
and  way  in  the  world  his  travels  led  him  to  Tuscarora,  Elko  County, 
Nevada,  where  he  secured  employment  on  the  Spanish  Ranch  owned  by 
the  Altube  Brothers.  This  enormous  ranch  was  probably  a  hundred 
miles  square,  extending  from  Tuscarora  to  the  Snake  River  in  Idaho. 
The  Altube  brothers  had  between  forty  thousand  and  fifty  thousand  head 
of  cattle,  and  on  the  northern  part  of  the  property  conducted  an  extensive 
sheep  ranch.  William  Moore  had  a  full  share  of  range  riding,  though 
l)art  of  the  time  he  had  charge  of  the  marketing  for  the  firm  from  Tus- 
carora. He  also  did  some  mining  in  Nevada,  and  leaving  there  in  1892 
came  to  Southern  California.  With  B.  E.  Wheeler  he  bought  some  un- 
improved land  near  San  Bernardino.  This  land  they  planted  to  lemons, 
apricots  and  peaches,  and  Mr.  Moore  retained  his  interest  in  the  property 
until  1899.  On  first  coming  to  California  he  also  did  .some  work  in  Ar- 
rowhead Tunnel  No.  3. 

Mr.  Moore  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  since  June,  1893.  For 
two  years  he  was  employed  by  Obar  Brothers  in  the  Boston  Meat  Market 
and  later  for  one  year  in  the  Pioneer  Meat  Market.  He  then  engaged  in 
business  for  himself  in  partnership  with  Dick  Roberts,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Moore  &  Roberts,  but  after  a  year  bought  out  Mr.  Roberts,  who 
is  now  located  in  Glendale.  Mr.  Moore's  long  experience  makes  him 
an  expert  in  handling  every  phase  of  the  livestock  and  meat  industry, 
and  even  now  much  of  his  time  is  devoted  to  the  buying  and  selling  of 
cattle  in  Utah  and  Arizona,  and  up  to  about  the  time  America  entered 
the  war  with  Germany  he  was  a  cattle  feeder  in  the  Imperial  Valley. 

Mr.  Moore  conducts  his  business  alone  at  Riverside  and  in  1917  he 
became  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Alpha  Beta  Stores.  This  company 
operates  a  chain  of  ten  stores,  two  at  Pomona,  two  at  Santa  Ana,  Hunt- 
ington Beach,  Claremont,  Ontario,  Monrovia  and  Orange.  The  members 
of  the  firm  are  all  related  by  family  ties  and  comprise:  A.  C.  Gerrard, 
president :  \V.  C.  Moore,  vice  president :  L.  J.  Bentley,  H.  A.  Gerrard, 
A.  W.  Gerrard.  \V.  J.  Mcjennev  and  G.  F.  Bentley.  These  stores 
are  purveyors  of  meats,  groceries,  fruits  and  vegetables,  and  every  Alpha 
Beta  Store  is  known  to  its  patrons  as  a  model  of  arrangement  as  well  as 
a  source  of  the  best  quality  of  goods.  One  feature  of  the  business,  from 
which  the  stores  derive  their  name,  is  an  alphabetical  arrangement  of  the 
stock,  .so  that  patrons  as  well  as  employes  can  direct  themselves  to  any 
article  desired. 

Besides  this  store  business  Mr.  Moore  conducts  a  ten-acre  orange 
orchard  located  at  West  Riverside.  He  was  a  charter  member  and  a 
director  for  a  number  of  years  in  the  Union  Title  and  Abstract  Company, 
and  is  still  financially  interested  in  its  succes.sor,  the  Riverside  Abstract 
Company.  He  was  formerly  vice  president  of  the  Cresmer  Manufac- 
turing Company  of  Riverside,  and  a  charter  member  of  the  National 
Bank  of  Riverside,  but  sold  his  interest  in  both  these  corporations.  He 
was  a  stockholder  in  the  City  Hospital  Association,  but  donated  his  stock 
to  the  New  Community  Hospital.  Mr.  Moore  is  a  director  in  the  Y.  M. 
C.  A.,  is  one  of  the  organizers  and  a  director  of  the  Business  Men's  As- 
sociation, is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the  Masons,  Knights 
of  Pythias,  and  Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen.     In  politics  he  has 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        963 

been  aligned  w  itli  the  republican  party,  though  identified  with  the  progr-es- 
sive  party  during  its  existence,  and  took  a  place  on  the  County  Central 
Committee  when  the  party  was  organized.  The  family  arc  members  of 
the  Christian  Church. 

At  Riverside  October  28,  180f>,  Mr.  M(jnrc  married  Aliss  Mary 
Gerrard.  She  was  born  at  Godrich,  Canada,  daughter  of  Alex  Gerrard, 
now  a  resident  of  Santa  Ana.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Moore  have  two  daughters : 
Miss  Ethel  Norine  Moore  and  Miss  Gladys  Naomi  Moore,  a  senior  in 
the  Riverside  High  School.  Miss  Ethel  Norine  is  a  graduate  of  high 
school,  spent  one  year  in  Junior  College,  and  was  formerly  employed  in 
the  Citizens  Bank  and  the  Ford  &  Chandler  Automobile  Agency,  but  left 
Riverside  to  go  to  Honolulu,  where  she  has  been  for  some  time  cashier 
of  the  Bishop  Insurance  Agency. 

Percy  A.  Powell  came  to  Riverside  in  1909,  and  has  for  the  past 
seven  years  given  all  his  lime  to  his  work  as  agent  of  the  Equitable  As- 
surance Association.  He  is  one  of  the  most  highly  qualified  men  in  his 
profession  in  California.  This  has  been  demonstrated  by  the  splendid 
record  he  has  made  at  Riverside  in  building  u])  and  maintaining  an 
unusually  large  volume  of  insurance  for  the  Equitable.     During  the  year 

1920  he  was  third  in  production  in  the  City  of  Riverside  alone  and  in 

1921  was  second,  and  in  recognition  of  the  efficiency  of  his  record  the 
company  in  January.  1921,  enlarged  his  responsibilities  by  making  him 
district  manager  of  Riverside  and  San  Bernardino  counties.  He  is  now 
extending  the  agency  representation  of  this  old  and  standard  insurance 
company  so  that  all  the  principal  towns  of  the  two  counties  will  be  repre- 
sented by  agencies,  about  twenty  all  told. 

Mr.  Powell  was  born  March  12.  1885.  and  represents  an  old 
family  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  His  grandfather  was  a  native  of  England 
and  came  around  the  Horn  to  Oregon,  settling  at  Salem.  He  owned 
most  of  the  townsite  but  sold  it  before  Salem  became  a  city.  Sherman 
J.  Powell,  father  of  Percy  A.,  was  horn  in  Oregon  and  moved  to  Los 
Angeles  in  1880.  He  was  engaged  in  the  piano  business  and  founded 
the  Southern  California  Music  Company,  one  of  the  largest  concerns  of 
its  kind  in  the  West.  He  sold  out  his  business  after  twenty  years  and 
is  now  living  retired  at  Riverside.  He  married  Rose  Hartwell,  a  native 
of  Michigan,  of  English  descent  and  of  Revolutionary  stock. 

Percy  A.  Powell  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Los  Angeles, 
took  a  business  college  course  in  that  city  in  1906,  and  for  three  years 
was  in  the  piano  business  with  the  Southern  California  Music  Coiupany 
while  his  father  was  an  officer  in  that  organization. 

On  coming  to  Riverside  in  1909  Mr.  Powell  entered  the  general  insur- 
ance business,  and  a  year  or  so  later  became  local  representative  of  the 
Equitable  Assurance  Association  and  since  1914  has  given  his  entire 
time  to  the  association.  As  director  of  the  Riverside  agency  for  city 
and  county  he  was  one  of  the  fifty  out  of  the  thousands  of  agents  of  the 
Equitable  whose  special  efficiency  in  production  earned  them  one  of  the 
gold  buttons  awarded  by  the  company. 

During  the  war  Mr.  Powell  made  his  business  and  private  affairs  sub- 
sidiary to  the  demands  of  the  Government.  His  special  contribution  to 
patriotic  activities  was  in  charge  of  the  American  Protective  League  for 
Riverside  County,  and  he  was  an  officer  in  the  Red  Cross.  September 
1,  1910,  at  Denver,  Colorado,  he  married  Miss  Margaret  S.  Saurs,  who 
was  born  in  that  state,  daughter  of  Paul  J.  Saurs.  They  have  one  daugh- 
ter, Jane  Powell. 


96+         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RINKKSIDI-.  LOUNTlliS 

Edward  M.  Dovle  lias  liccii  a  ri'sidcnt  of  Sutitlicni  Califdniia  since 
1884  and  is  one  of  Riverside's  most  successful  business  men  and 
public  spirited  leaders  in  every  movement  afifecting  the  progress  of  the 
community.  In  a  business  way  his  interests  have  been  concentrated 
for  many  years  in  the  management  and  operation  of  laundry  plants, 
and  he  is  one  of  the  executive  ofificials  of  the  Southern  Service  Com- 
pany, operating  about  a  score  of  high  class  laundry  establishments 
in  practically  all  the  important  cities  of  Southern  California. 

IMr.  Doyle  was  born  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  January  29,  1872,  son  of 
P.  W.  and  Helen  (Mix)  Doyle.  His  father  was  born  in  Ireland,  at  the 
age  of  two  years  was  taken  to  Canada,  and  when  twenty-two  moved 
to  Ohio.  He  was  a  contractor  and  builder,  and  for  many  years  was  a 
man  of  extensive  interests  in  Southern  California.  He  died  in  1918. 
The  mother  of  Edward  j\I.  Doyle  was  born  in  Germany,  and  was  six 
months  old  when  her  familv  went  to  Cleveland,  Ohio.  She  died  in 
October,  1920. 

Edward  JM.  Doyle  was  twelve  years  of  age  when  his  parents 
moved  to  Pomona,  California,  in  1884.  He  finished  his  education 
in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  and  for  a  time  was  in  the  nursery 
business  at  Pomona.  At  Pomona  he  gained  his  first  active  experience 
in  the  laundrj'  business,  where  he  was  a  wagon  driver  three  years. 
For  two  years  he  was  an  employe  of  the  Coronado  Hotel,  spent  three 
years  with  the  Acme  Laundry  at  Los  Angeles,  and  then  at  San  Ber- 
nardino, with  other  associates,  he  promoted  the  San  Bernardino 
Laundry  Company.  He  had  an  active  part  in  its  management  for 
four  years,  following  which  he  came  to  Riverside  and  acquired  a 
financial  interest  and  acted  as  manager  of  the  Riverside  Steam  Laun- 
dry. This  is  one  of  the  large  group  of  laundry  plants  that  have 
since  been  consolidated  with  the  Southern  Service  Company,  which 
was  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  California,  in  September,  l9l9,  with 
capital  of  two  million  dollars.  The  president  of  the  company  is  J.  Lee 
Cathcard,  the  vice  president  and  general  manager  is  Fred  White,  of 
Pomona,  the  secretary  is  Thomas  Brown  Rigge,  of  San  Diego,  and  Mr. 
Doyle  is  one  of  the  directors  and  treasurer.  He  is  also  manager  of  the 
Riverside  Laundry.  The  individual  plants  now  owned  by  the  South- 
ern Service  Company  include  the  Santa  Fe  and  San  Bernardino 
Laundry  at  San  Bernardino ;  the  Ontario  Laundrj'  at  Ontario,  the 
Pomona  Sanitary  and  the  Munger  Laundry  Companies  at  Pomona, 
the  Covina  Laundry  at  Covina,  the  Monrovia  Laundry  at  Monrovia, 
the  Long  Beach,  the  Seaside  and  Model  Laundries  at  Long  Beach, 
the  Electric  Laundry,  the  Munger  Laundry  Company,  the  Excelsior 
Laundry,  the  Peerless  Laundry  and  the  New  Way  Laundry  at  San 
Diego,  the  Marine  Laundry  at  Wilmington,  and  the  companj'  also 
has  an  interest  in  the  Pacific  Laundry  at  San  Pedro. 

Mr.  Doyle  was  formerly  a  director  and  is  still  one  of  the  principle 
stockholders  of  the  Citrus  Belt  Milling  Company,  dealing  in  feed, 
fuel  and  merchandise,  with  main  offices  in  Pomona  and  branches  in 
several  towns  in  that  district.  He  is  administrator  for  the  P.  W. 
Doyle  and  Helen  Doyle  Company  estate,  owning  extensive  orange 
interests  in  Pomona. 

He  has  to  his  credit  a  record  of  seven  years  service  with  the  Ninth 
Regiment  of  the  National  Guard  of  California  at  Pomona,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Ninth  Regiment  Band  four  years.  His  business  and 
every  other  interest  were  made  subordinate  to  his  patriotic  engage- 
ments during  the  World  war.  He  was  a  team  captain  and  committee- 
man  for   all   the   Liberty   Loan  drives   and  an  active   member   of  the 


/^^f^^<2:^^.^^^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        965 

Red  Cross.  Mr.  Doyle  is  a  director  of  the  Community  Hospital  of 
Riverside,  a  director  in  the  Southern  California  Fair  Association, 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Utilities  at  Riverside  from  1916 
to  1921,  was  chairman  of  the  Membership  Council  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  for  1921,  and  belongs  to  the  Present  Day  Club,  Rotary 
Club,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  is  district  deput}-  and  a  past  grand  knight  of  the 
Knights  of  Columbus,  also  affiliated  with  the  Modern  Woodmen  of 
America  and  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  Mr.  Doyle 
is  chairman  of  the  Building  Committee  of  the  St.  Francis  de  Sales 
Catholic  Church.  In  politics  he  is  one  of  the  republican  leaders,  was 
once  nominated  for  county  supervisor  on  a  non-partisan  ticket  but 
his  extensive  business  affairs  caused  him  to  refuse  a  number  of  civic 
and  political  honors. 

July  4,  1895,  Mr.  Doyle  married  Miss  Ora  Brown,  who  was  born 
in  Ohio,  her  father,  Sanford  Brown,  being  a  contractor  at  San  Diego. 
Their  two  children  are  Melvin,  a  graduate  of  Stanford  University, 
and  now  a  student  at  Harvard,  and  Olive,  in  the  senior  class  of  the 
University  of  California. 

William  Holland  Billingsley — Unselfishness  brings  its  own  re- 
ward in  business  as  well  as  social  life.  The  Golden  Rule  is  the  best 
measure  for  a  man's  life,  and  when  he  uses  it  in  his  transactions 
with  his  fellow  men  he  may  be  sure  of  not  only  giving  them  an  honest 
service,  but  of  securing  for  himself  the  benefits  which  can  only  come  of 
fair  dealing  and  upright  living.  The  dishonest,  unscrupulous  man  may 
seem  to  prosper  for  a  time,  but  his  success  is  only  transitory.  Eventually 
there  arrives  a  day  of  reckoning,  when  all  of  his  wrong  doing  comes  up 
to  confront  him  and  disfigure  his  character  forever  after.  Men  of  the 
present  day  are  coming  to  realize  that  what  is  known  as  the  Rotary 
methods  are  the  most  ennobling  and  inspiring,  and  those  who  govern  their 
actions  by  them  are  the  ones  who  not  only  attain  to  a  material  prosperity, 
but  also  win  a  firm  hold  upon  the  confidence,  respect  and  esteem  of  their 
fellow  citizens.  William  Holland  Billingsley,  retail  cigar  and  tobacco 
merchant  of  San  Bernardino,  is  one  of  the  most  sincere  believers  in  the 
Rotary  spirit,  and  his  enthusiasm  with  reference  to  this  form  of  education 
is  convincing  and  inspiring. 

William  Holland  Billingsley  was  born  in  Logan  County,  Ohio,  Febru- 
ary 9,  1881,  a  .son  of  Samuel  Y.  and  Martha  Jane  (Nason)  Billingsley. 
the  former  of  whom  was  born  in  Logan  County,  Ohio,  February  20, 
1832,  and  the  latter  in  Clark  County,  Ohio,  September  13,  1832.  Growing 
up  at  Springfield,  Ohio,  William  H.  Billingsley  attended  its  common 
schools,  and  in  September,  1898,  entered  the  cigar  business  as  a  clerk  in 
a  retail  store  at  Springfield,  Ohio.  Here  he  remained  until  1902,  when 
he  went  to  Denver,  Colorado,  and  continued  in  the  same  line  of  business 
as  a  .salesman.  Leaving  Denver  in  1903  for  San  Francisco.  California, 
he  was  a  salesman  for  M.  A.  Guest  &  Company,  now  the  General  Cigar 
Company,  and  was  educated  by  them  according  to  their  ideas  ofsalesman- 
ship.  These  ideas  embraced  the  Rotary  spirit,  service  at  all  times,  not 
self  but  others,  and  that  kind  of  education,  together  with  experience, 
according  to  Mr.  Billingsley 's  firm  conviction,  leads  a  man  to  the  right 
side  of  life,  and  he  has  proven  this  to  be  emphatically  true  in  his  own 
case.  In  July.  1913,  he  came  to  San  Bernardino  and  established  his 
present  business  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Third  and  East  streets. 

On  October  1.  1901,  Mr.  Billingsley  married  at  Springfield,  Ohio, 
and  his  wife  died  September  8,  1920,  leaving  one  daughter,  Francis 
Billingslev,  who  was  born  .\ugust  2,   1912,  at  Los  .Angeles,  California. 


966         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

On  June  1,  1921,  Mr.  Billingsley  married  Martha  A.  Beyrow  at  Santa 
Barbara,  California.  She  is  a  daughter  of  Ferdinand  and  Anna  Beyrow, 
of  Pomona,  California.  Mr.  Billingsley  is  a  republican.  Fraternally  he 
belongs  to  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  the  Rotary  Club 
of  San  Bernardino,  and  the  Fraternal  Order  of  Eagles.  Living  up,  as 
he  does,  to  high  ideals,  Mr.  Billingsley  set  an  excellent  example  for  others, 
and  is  particularly  zealous  in  behalf  of  the  Rotary  Club  of  his  city,  in 
which  he  is  a  dominating  factor.  Such  men  as  he  do  much  to  raise  the 
standard  of  citizenship  and  awaken  men  to  the  necessity  of  asking  of 
their  business  associates  fair  and  upright  treatment,  and  in  turn  render 
the  same  kind  of  service. 

Lee  N.'VFZGAR  is  city  engineer  of  Riverside,  a  thoroughly  qualified 
young  man  in  the  engineering  profession,  whose  time  and  work  have 
been  given  to  the  munici])al  engineering  problems  of  this  section 
practically  ever  since  he  left  school. 

Mr.  Nafzgar  was  born  in  Wyandotte  County,  Ohio,  April  27,  1886, 
son  of  L.  F.  and  Alice  J.  (Crumrine)  Nafzgar,  natives  of  Ohio,  now 
living  at  Newport  Beach,  California.  Both  parents  represent  old 
American  families  of  Pennsylvania  Dutch  ancestry.  These  families 
were  represented  in  the  Revolutionary  war  and  one  ancestor  came 
over  at  the  time  of  the  Mayflower.  L.  F.  Nafzgar's  father  was  a 
Union  soldier  during  the  Civil  war. 

The  family  moved  to  California  in  1898,  when  Lee  Nafzgar  was 
twelve  years  of  age.  He  finished  his  public  school  education  in  this 
state  and  through  supplemental  practical  experience  also  took  cor- 
respondence work  in  civil  engineering.  His  first  employment  at  the 
City  of  Riverside  was  as  chain  man  and  rod  man  with  an  engineering 
crew.  He  soon  qualified  for  and  took  charge  of  the  instrument  and 
for  ten  or  twelve  years  was  in  charge  of  field  work.  His  time  for 
fifteen  years  was  largel}-  devoted  to  engineering  service  with  the  city 
and  in  July,  1920,  he  was  appointed  city  engineer  to  succeed  Albert 
Braunschweiger.  The  duties  of  city  engineer  include  inspection  of 
buildings  and  plumbing,  duties  that  were  regularly  assigned  to  the 
city  engineer  in  1918.  The  city  engineer  is  also  ex-officio  member  of 
the  Board  of  Health  and  Planning  Commission,  and  acts  in  an  advisory 
capacity  on  all  subdivision  additions  to  city  streets.  Mr.  Nafzgar 
at  different  times  has  also  accepted  commissions  from  private  syndi- 
cates and  parties  for  surveying  w^ork  in  Riverside  County. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Association  of  Engineers  and  is 
affiliated  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Benevo- 
lent and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  September  12,  1920,  at  Rivcr.side,  he 
married  Mi.ss  Caroline  Kaufifman,  a  native  daughter  of  California. 
Her  father,  L.  N.  Kauffman,  is  an  orange  shipper. 

Fred  H.  Freeman  was  one  of  Riverside's  citizens  who  contributed 
to  her  upbuilding  in  more  than  one  important  line.  He  was  one  of 
the  first  of  the  practical  horticulturists,  and  he  developed  "Several 
important  orchards,  giving  them  such  careful  and  intelligent  treat- 
ment that  they  were  show  places,  rewarding  him  with  financial  inde- 
pendence. Later  in  life  he  was  interested  in  the  handling  of  real 
estate,  where  his  practical  foresight  and  business  ability  availed  him 
much.    A  number  of  the  buildings  of  the  city  were  erected  by  him. 

Mr.  Freeman  was  a  liberal  supporter  of  any  movement  affecting 
the  welfare  of  Riverside  city  or  county,  a  man  of  progressive  spirit 
and   broad   sympathies   and   a   most   lo}'al   citizen,   loving   the   city   of 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        967 

his  choice  and  advancing  its  interests  in  every  way  he  could.  His 
astociates  and  friends  will  always  recall  him  with  appreciation  and 
affection,  for  in  his  intercourse  with  his  fellowmen  he  was  always  kind, 
considerate  and  courteous. 

The  life  record  of  Mr.  Freeman  g;ives  his  birthplace  as  East  Alstead, 
Cheshire  County,  New  Hampshire,  and  the  dale  of  his  birth  as  May 
14,  1854.  He  was  the  son  of  Thuley  and  Clementine  (Flanders) 
F'reeman,  his  father  tracing  his  line  back  through  a  long  line  of  Ger- 
man ancestors,  while  his  mother  was  a  native  of  Newbury,  Massachu- 
setts. Thuley  Freeman  followed  the  sea  for  thirty-six  years,  retiring 
after  years  of  service  as  captain  to  a  farm  in  New  Hampshire,  where 
he  died  at  the  age  of  sixty-four.  His  wife  also  came  of  a  seafaring 
family,  having  six  brothers  who  were  sea  captains,  but  her  father 
was  a  surveyor  and  civil  engineer.  She  passed  away  at  the  age  of 
seventy-two. 

They  were  the  parents  of  six  children  :  James,  deceased  ;  Marcus, 
Agnes,  deceased;  Samuel,  Mrs.  Carrie  Herrington,  and  Fred  H.,  the 
youngest  and  subject  of  this  sketch. 

Fred  H.  Freeman  attended  the  public  schools  in  East  Alstead, 
graduating  from  the  Marlow  High  School,  while  from  a  young  boy 
he  had  charge  of  his  father's  farm.  In  1875,  when  he  was  twenty- 
one,  he  left  his  home  and  located  in  Kansas  City,  where  from  a 
single  team  he  built  up  a  transfer,  teaming  and  livery  business  without 
any  help.  When  he  sold  out  to  come  to  the  West  he  owned  twenty 
transfer  teams,  three  hacks  and  thirty  buggies.  His  health  com- 
menced to  fail  in  1890.  and  he  was  forced  to  sell  out  his  business  and 
seek  a  more  healthful  climatic  environment.  This  led  him  to  Cali- 
fornia and  in  1891  he  located  in  Riverside,  where  he  speedily  recuper- 
ated, regaining  entirely  his  normal  health. 

Horticulture  at  once  attracted  his  attention,  and  in  November, 
1891.  he  purchased  ten  acres  of  fine  land  in  what  was  then  known 
as  "The  frostless  belt"  on  Chicago  Avenue,  south  of  Center  Street, 
which  was  planted  in  oranges.  He  gave  this  grove  so  much  care  and 
such  intelligent  cultivation  that  it  soon  attracted  the  attention  of  less 
successful  growers  and  he  was  soon  in  demand  as  superintendent, 
having  over  two  hundred  acres  of  orange  groves  under  his  care. 

He  next  planted  fifteen  acres  in  navel  oranges  in  section  30,  less 
than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  his  home,  and  this  soon  became  a  show 
place  of  the  valley.  The  entire  tract  was  under  the  Gage  water  canal. 
Mr.  Freeman  was  employing  on  an  average  of  from  ten  to  fifteen  men, 
using  six  teams  in  the  orchard  work.  In  1900  he  disposed  of  the  first 
ten  acres  he  had  acquired  at  the  purchase  price  of  $4,500,  receiving 
$14,000,  an  advance  due  to  the  attention  he  had  given  it. 

After  the  sale  of  this  ten  acres  Mr.  Freeman  purchased  an  acre 
of  land  on  Center  Street,  between  Chicago  Avenue  and  Ottawa  Street, 
where  he  erected  a  residence  which  was  occupied  as  the  family  home 
for  many  years.  Mr.  Freeman  also  bought  four  hundred  and  fifty 
acres  of  land  in  Indio  County. 

Some  years  afterward  Mr.  Freeman  sold  all  his  ranch  properties 
and  built  the  Freeman  Building  on  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Orange 
streets.  This  he  sold,  realizing  handsomely  on  the  investment,  and, 
purchased  the  southeast  corner  of  Eighth  and  Lime  streets.  With 
S.  S.  Patterson  he  erected  the  Ark  Building  on  this  property  in  1910. 
Later  on,  when  the  health  of  Air.  Patterson  failed  and  he  practically 
retired,  dving  in  1914,  Air.  Freeman  looked  after  his  estate. 


968        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

For  some  time  prior  to  his  death,  January  27,  1918,  Mr.  Freeman 
had  practically  retired  from  active  business,  devoting  his  time  to 
looking  after  his  individual  interests.  He  was  in  sympathy  with  the 
principles  of  the  republican  party  and  supported  them  at  the  polls. 
He  was  identified  with  the  Baptist  Church. 

Mr.  Freeman  married  Miss  Florine  Braman,  who  was  born  at 
Braman  Hill,  Wyandotte  County,  Kansas,  her  parents  being  natives 
of  New  London,  Connecticut.  Her  childhood  was  spent  on  a  farm  in 
Wyandotte  County.  Her  father  was  an  abolitionist  and  they  under- 
went many  hardships  owing  to  this  fact.  He  was  a  first  lieutenant 
in  the  Sixth  Kansas  Cavalry,  and  saw  active  service  for  three  and 
one-half  years. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Freeman  had  two  children:  Flod  B.  Freeman,  en- 
gaged in  automobile  work  in  Pasadena.  He  married  Lillian  A. 
Nemeyer,  of  Pasadena,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  Robert  B.  and  Ruth 
N.  Freeman.  Agnes  E.,  the  daughter,  is  the  wife  of  C.  W.  Chapman, 
a  plumber  of  Pasadena,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  six  children : 
Margaret  F.  in  high  school;  Gilbert  W.  and  Freeman  H.  students; 
Dorr,  Dora,  twins,  and  Gertrude  Grace. 

Mrs.  Fred  H.  Freeman  is  a  member  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps, 
the  Auxiliary  of  the  sons  of  Veterans,  of  the  Daughters  of  Rebekah 
and  Neighbors  of  Woodcraft  and  of  the  Baptist  Church,  of  which  her 
husband  was  also  a  member. 

Benjamin  F.  Rockhold — For  over  thirty  years  Benjamin  F.  Rock- 
hold  has  been  numbered  among  the  leading  citizens  of  Riverside, 
and  for  the  greater  portion  of  that  time  was  closely  identified  with 
the  growth  and  development  of  some  of  its  most  representative  con- 
cerns. From  the  day  he  came  to  this  city  until  the  present  he  has 
always  had  a  faith  in  it  and  a  love  for  everything  connected  with 
its  prosperity,  toward  which  he  has  contributed  much.  He  has  not 
limited  his  efiforts  in  behalf  of  the  city  to  material  things,  but  has 
given  to  it  freely  of  his  enthusiasm,  ideas  and  vital  forces.  To  him 
now  in  the  days  of  his  luxurious  retirement,  as  in  those  of  his 
aggressive  actions,  he  believes  that  nowhere  in  the  country  are 
there  to  be  found  such  ideal  conditions  for  a  healthy,  happy  and 
honorable  existence  as   here  at   Riverside. 

Benjamin  F.  Rockhold  was  born  at  Canton,  Fulton  County,  Illi- 
nois, May  29,  1840,  a  son  of  Ezekial  M.  and  Jemima  (Turner)  Rock- 
hold. Ezekial  M.  Rockhold  was  born  in  Wirt  County,  Virginia, 
but  went  to  Illinois  prior  to  the  Black  Hawk  war,  in  which  he  served 
actively  as  a  captain  of  the  Thirty-second  Regiment,  Illinois  State 
Militia.  His  commission,  which  his  son  is  carefully  preserving,  is 
an  interesting  document  of  that  period  and  is  signed  by  Governor 
Duncan  of  Illinois  and  countersigned  by  Secretary-of-State  A.  P. 
Field.  It  bears  the  date  of  July  18,  1832,  and  commissioned  Mr.  Rock- 
hold captain  to  take  rank  from  July  1.  Captain  Rockhold  was  a  farmer 
by  occupation,  and  died  in  1845,'  at  the  age  of  thirty-six  years  and 
six  months.  His  ancestors  came  from  England  with  the  second  party 
to  make  the  trip  after  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  in  1620. 
Mrs.  Rockhold  was  born  in  Kentucky,  a  daughter  of  Sterling  Turner 
•and  a  meml>er  of  an  old  Southern  family.  The  Turners  originated 
in  England,  from  whence  they  immigrated  to  the  American  Colonies 
prior  to  the  American  Revolution  and  settled  in  North  Carolina.  Mrs. 
Rockhold  died  at  Riverside  at  the  age  of  seventy- eight  years,  having 
survived  her  husband  for  many  vears. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        969 

Growing  up  amid  strictly  rural  surroundings,  Benjamin  F.  Rock- 
hold  attended  the  country  schools  of  Illinois  during  the  winter  seasons 
and  made  himse'.f  useful  on  the  farm  in  the  summertime.  His  four 
brothers  followed  the  same  plan  of  attending  school  and  farming, 
but  their  peaceful  life  was  disturbed  by  the  outbreak  of  war  between 
the  two  sections  of  the  country. 

In  July,  1861,  Mr.  Rockhold  left  home  and  enlisted  in  Company 
E.  Eighth  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  under  General  Oglesby,  who 
later  became  colonel  of  the  regiment.  Assigned  to  the  Army  of  the 
Mississippi,  Mr.  Rockhold  served  for  three  years  with  it,  during  which 
time  he  was  made  a  sergeant,  and  one  year  with  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  He  was  at  the  capture  of  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson, 
the  battle  of  Shiloh  and  the  forty-seven-day  siege  of  Vicksburg.  After 
the  capture  of  the  latter  stronghold  he  was  in  the  campaign  against 
the  points  below  it,  and  although  in  many  bitterly  contested  engage- 
ments was  not  wounded.  However,  he  had  many  narrow  escapes, 
one  being  when  a  bullet  cut  through  the  right  shoulder  of  his  coat 
and  left  a  heavy  blue  mark  on  his  body.  At  the  termination  of  his 
three-year  enlistment  Mr.  Rockhold  was  mustered  out  and  returned 
home,  but  after  a  brief  stay,  re-enlisted  in  the  Hancock  Corps  and 
was  sent  to  Washington,  where  he  arrived  on  the  evening  of  the 
assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  April  14,  1865.  He  arrived  in 
the  city  at  nine  in  the  evening,  and  the  President  was  shot  an  hour 
and  a  half  later.  Upon  the  arrival  of  the  Hancock  Corps  at  Washing- 
ton the  troops  were  taken  to  the  Union  Depot,  where  they  spent  the 
night.  They  were  scarcely  settled  when  a  cavalry  regiment  came 
down  Pennsylvania  Avenue  and  surrounded  the  depot,  as  it  was 
thought  that  perhaps  Wilkes  Booth  had  tried  to  hide  among  the 
soldiers.  Needless  to  say  he  would  have  had  but  short  shrift  had 
this  been  the  case.  The  troops  were  heartbroken  at  the  news,  the 
first  they  had  received  of  the  terrible  tragedy.  Mr.  Rockhold  was 
one  of  the  guard  placed  about  the  prison  in  which  Mrs.  Surrat  and 
the  others  implicated  in  the  assassination  were  confined  and  later 
hung,  and  he  commanded  this  detachment.  He  also  had  charge  of 
the  guard  at  the  residence  of  Secretary-of-State  Seward  after  the 
attempted  assassination  of  the  latter.  For  two  months  Mr.  Rockhold 
continued  in  this  service,  and  in  all  was  with  the  Hancock  troops 
for  a  year,  after  which  he  was  honorably  discharged  and  returned 
home. 

From  the  time  of  his  return  from  the  army  until  1888  Mr.  Rock- 
hold was  engaged  in  a  geneal  mercantile  business  in  Stark  County, 
Illinois.  In  that  year  he  was  induced  to  come  to  Riverside  through 
the  enthusiastic  reports  sent  back  to  Illinois  by  his  old  neighbors, 
the  Dyer  family,  who  had  come  to  California  and  were  so  pleased  with 
Riverside  that  they  endeavored  to  have  their  friends  join  them.  Mr. 
Rockhold  responded  to  their  wishes  in  this  particular  and  has  never 
regretted  making  the  change. 

In  1889  Mr.  Rockhold  and  his  brother,  John  F.  Rockhold,  went 
into  a  grocery  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Rockhold  Brothers, 
and  he  remained  in  it  for  twenty-four  years  and  then  sold  to  his 
brother.  For  the  subsequent  four  or  five  years  he  was  engaged  in 
handling  real  estate,  but  then  retired,  feeling  that  he  had  earned  the 
privilege  of  enjoying  at  leisure  the  ample  means  his  foresight  and 
enterprise  had  accumulated.  At  one  time  he  was  the  owner  of  several 
orange  groves,  but  has  disposed  of  them  all.  He  was  a  director  of 
the  Citizens  Rank  and  the  National  Bank  of  Riverside,  but  has  dis- 


970         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

posed  of  his  interests  in  these  institutions.  He  still,  however,  retains 
his  connection  with  the  United  Wholesale  Grocers  of  Los  Angeles, 
and  belongs  to  its  Board  of  Directors. 

Long  a  member  of  the  local  post  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Repub- 
lic, he  was  its  commander  until  his  retirement  January  1,  1921.  In 
1918  he  attended  the  reunion  of  the  Vicksburg  soldiers  at  Vicksburg. 
Free  transportation  was  given  to  the  veterans  both  ways  and  101 
of  them  were  on  the  excursion  train.  He  also  attended  the  reunion 
of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  in  1920. 
While  living  in  Illinois  he  belonged  to  the  Odd  Fellows,  but  has  not 
put  in  his  card  since  coming  West.  A  strong  republican,  he  has 
always  been  active  in  party  matters  and  has  served  on  the  City 
Board  and  as  a  delegate  to  county  conventions. 

In  October,  1871,  Mr.  Rockhold  married  in  Illinois  Jennie  Hay- 
wood, a  native  of  England  and  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Haywood, 
who  belonged  to  an  old  and  prominent  English  family.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Rockford  became  the  parents  of  three  daughters,  two  of  whom  survive. 
Norma  H.  is  a  lady  of  unusual  talent,  who  finished  her  musical  educa- 
tion in  Italy.  She  is  now  the  wife  of  Maj.  William  Robbins,  who 
was  overseas  during  the  World  war,  in  active  service  with  the  Rain- 
bow Division,  and  is  now  in  the  bond  business  at  Los  Angeles,  Cali- 
fornia. Miss  Bonnie  E.  is  also  a  musician  of  great  talent.  She  is 
an  instructress  on  the  violin  and  lives  with  her  parents.  Vera  died  when 
thirty  years  old  She  was  the  wife  of  Roland  Adams,  of  Sierra  Madre. 
She  left  a  little  daughter,  Jane,  who  is  now  eight  years  old  and  makes 
her  home  with  her  grandparents.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rockhold  are  mem- 
bers of  the  First  Baptist  Church  of  Riverside,  of  which  he  has  been 
a  deacon  for  twenty-years,  and  of  which  he  was  a  trustee  for  a  num- 
ber of  years. 

Mr.  Rockhold  is  a  man  who  commands  the  respect  of  all  who 
know  him.  During  his  long  residence  at  Riverside  he  has  lived 
up  to  the  highest  standard  of  business  ethics  and  Christian  manhood, 
and  has  set  an  example  all  would  do  well  to  follow.  He  believes 
that  a  man  owes  it  to  his  community  to  take  an  honorable  interest 
in  its  welfare,  even  if  doing  so  necessitates  a  personal  sacrifice,  and 
he  never  has  been  too  much  occupied  with  his  own  affairs  to  respond 
to  any  demand  upon  him  for  civic  duty. 

A.  Heber  Winder,  of  the  law  firm  Adair  &  Winder,  of  Riverside, 
has  achieved  many  prominent  and  interesting  associations  with  the  bar 
of  Riverside  County  during  his  ten  years  residence  here.  He  is  a  highly 
qualified  lawyer,  and  has  gained  high  standing  in  other  activities  as  well. 

Mr.  Winder  was  born  at  Miamisburg,  Ohio,  May  2,  1882,  and  is  of 
English  ancestry,  his  people  having  lived  in  Maryland  during  the  Colonial 
and  Revolutionary  periods.  His  parents  were  also  born  in  Ohio,  and 
his  father  is  now  an  orange  grower  in  the  Riverside  district. 

A.  Heber  Winder  acquired  a  grammar  and  high  school  education  in 
Ohio,  and  for  five  years  successfully  engaged  in  teaching  in  his  native 
state.  For  several  years  he  was  principal  of  the  Fairview  High  School 
at  Dayton,  Ohio.  He  took  his  law-arts  course  in  Cornell  University  at 
Ithaca,  New  York,  graduating  LL.B.  in  1908,  and  in  the  same  year  was 
admitted  to  the  Ohio  bar.  Judge  Winder  was  admitted  to  the  California 
bar  in  1910,  and  since  June,  1911,  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside.  For 
seven  years  he  was  associated  with  the  firm  Purington  &  Adair,  and  on 
the  death  of  Mr.  Purington  continued  his  association  with  A.  A.  Adair 
under  the  name  Adair  &  Winder.    This  is  a  firm  whose  reputation  has  been 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        971 

well  earned.  They  handle  a  general  practice  but  to  a  large  extent  special- 
ize in  corporation  and  probate  law. 

The  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce  employed  Mr.  Winder  to 
perform  the  legal  work  as  attorney  for  March  Field,  and  he  gave  much 
of  his  time  for  three  years  to  that  cause.  During  1913-15  he  served  as 
city  judge  of  Riverside  and  was  city  attorney  from  1915  to  1918.  During 
the  year  1917  he  was  president  of  the  City  Attorneys  Association  of 
California. 

On  first  coming  to  Riverside  Judge  Winder  took  a  leading  part  in 
republican  politics,  and  at  one  time  was  secretary  of  the  Republican 
County  Central  Committee.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Alpha  Chi  Rho 
National  Fraternity,  is  a  past  master  of  Riverside  Masonic  Lodge,  mem- 
ber of  Riverside  Commandery,  K.  T.,  and  Al  Malaikah  Temple  of  the 
Mystic  Shrine  at  Los  Angeles.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Riverside  Lodge 
of  Elks,  is  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  vice 
president  of  the  Present  Day  Club,  a  director  of  the  Title  Insurance 
Company  of  Riverside  and  president  of  the  Kiwanis  Club,  Interna- 
tional. He  has  served  during  the  past  three  years  as  president  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  First  Congregational  Church  of  Riverside. 

July  18,  1912,  Judge  Winder  married  Helen  A.  Dobbs,  a  graduate 
of  Cornell  University.  She  was  born  in  New  York,  daughter  of  A.  W. 
Dobbs,  and  through  her  mother  is  descended  from  the  family  of  which 
the  late  Frances  Willard  was  a  distinguished  representative.  Judge  and 
Mrs.  Winder  have  two  children :  Beatrice  and  Willard. 

A.  S.  Maloney,  attorney  of  San  Bernardino,  has  devoted  his  life  to 
the  mastery  and  practice  of  the  law.  That  he  thoroughly  familiarized 
himself  first  with  its  theory,  and  then  with  its  application  is  shown  by 
his  record.  Mr.  Maloney  secured  the  practical  experience  necessary  early 
in  his  career  by  virtue  of  public  office,  but  he  soon  decided  that  private 
practice  was  preferable  and  succeeding  events  have  proved  the  wisdom 
of  his  choice.  Not  only  has  he  gained  high  standing  with  the  attorneys 
of  San  Bernardino  since  his  advent  here,  but  he  stands  equally  high  with 
the  general  public. 

Mr.  Maloney  was  born  in  Waseca,  Minnesota,  July  22,  1876,  the  son 
of  John  and  Bridget  (Nilan)  Maloney.  John  Maloney  was  a  native  of 
Ireland  who  came  to  the  United  States  in  1856.  He  did  not  remain  long 
in  New  York,  but  went  out  to  Minnesota  two  years  later,  in  1858,  where 
he  engaged  in  farming.  After  .sometime  spent  in  this  occupation 
he  embarked  in  a  mercantile  business,  and  carried  it  on  until  his  death  in 
1904.  Mrs.  Maloney  was  also  a  native  of  Ireland,  coming  to  America 
in  1856  and  marrying  Mr.  Maloney  in  Oliphant,  Pennsvlvania  that  same 
year.  They  were  the  parents  of  twelve  children,  only  four  of  whom  are 
now  living.     Mrs.  Maloney  still  lives  in  Waseca. 

A.  S.  Malonev  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Waseca,  after  his 
graduation  from  its  high  school,  attending  the  Universitv  of  Minnesota. 
He  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  in  June,  1904,  and  he  at 
once  commenced  practice  in  his  home  town.  It  was  not  lone  before  the 
Governor  of  Minnesota  appointed  him  municipal  judge,  and  he  was  still 
occupying  that  position  when  he  was  elected  county  attorney.  After 
serving  two  terms  in  this  position  Mr.  IMaloney  decided  upon  a  change 
and  removed  to  Williston,  North  Dakota.  He  formed  a  partnership  in 
that  citv  with  Lieutenant  Governor  Burbeck.  but  only  remained  one  year. 
coming  to  San  Bernardino  in  1911,  where  he  has  followed  the  general 
practice  of  law. 

Mr.  Maloney  married  in  1910.  in  Waseca.  Minnesota.  IMarearet  E. 
Drysdale,  a  daughter  of  Mrs.  Nora  Drysdale.  who  is  now  a  resident  of 


972        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

San  Bernardino.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Maloney  have  two  children,  Geraldine 
Francis  and  Mary  Grace,  both  students  in  St.  Catherine's  Convent  of 
San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Maloney  is  a  member  of  the  California  State  Bar 
Association  and  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Bar  Association.  He  is 
in  politics  a  republican.  He  is  a  trustee  of  the  San  Bernardino  City 
Library  Board  and  a  member  of  the  County  Welfare  Commission.  Dur- 
ing political  campaigns  he  is  called  upon  frequently  to  make  speeches 
throughout  the  county,  and  has  always  shown  a  willingness  to  perform 
this  duty  without  compensation.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Church 
and  is  a  past  grand  knight  and  a  past  district  deputy  of  the  Knights  of 
Columbus. 

R.  Bird  Shelden  has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  since  1893.  For 
some  years  his  active  interests  were  chiefly  identified  with  fruit  growing. 
He  represents  a  pioneer  family  of  the  Northern  Peninsula  of  Michigan, 
where  Shelden  has  been  a  distinguished  name  for  over  seventy  years. 
Mr.  Shelden  was  associated  with  mining  in  that  district,  and  still  has  im- 
portant mining  interests  both  in  the  copper  and  iron  districts  of  the  north- 
ern states  and  also  in  California. 

Mr.  Shelden  has  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  white  child  born  in 
Houghton  County,  Michigan.  His  birth  occurred  June  10,  1852.  The 
village  of  Houghton,  now  center  of  Michigan's  great  School  of  Mines, 
owes  its  inception  to  the  enterpri.se  of  his  father.  Ransom  Shelden,  who 
made  his  first  visit  to  the  site  in  1845.  He  moved  his  family  to  that 
locality  in  1847.  He  was  a  trader  for  several  years,  and  during  the 
early  fifties,  in  partnership  with  his  kinsman,  purchased  mining  lands 
including  the  present  sites  of  Houghton  and  Hancock.  He  was  post- 
master, one  of  the  first  village  trustees  of  Houghton,  owned  sawmills  and 
built  up  a  very  extensive  estate.  Ransom  Shelden  was  born  in  New  York 
in  1814,  and  died  in  1878.  His  two  older  sons  were  Carlos  D.  and 
George  C.  Shelden.  both  of  whom  were  long  prominent  in  the  life  and 
affairs  of  Northern  Michigan.  George  C.  Shelden  died  in  1896  and 
Carlos  D.  Shelden  in  1904.  Carlos  D.  Shelden  was  a  congressman  from 
Michigan  and  a  leader  in  the  republican  partv  in  the  state.  Both  he  and 
his  brother  were  Union  soldiers.  Carlos  raised  a  company  in  1861  and 
was  a  captain  in  the  23rd  Michigan  Infantrv  until  the  latter  nart  of  1864, 
George  C.  Shelden  was  also  a  participant  in  manv  battles.  Nevertheless. 
the  story  is  told  of  how  he  one  dav.  while  sitting^  on  the  steps  of  the 
capitol  building  at  Washington  watchingr  a  parade,  was  arrested  as  a 
deserter.  He  was  soon  released,  though  he  failed  to  get  restored  to  him 
his  saddle  and  puo  tent. 

The  wife  of  Ransom  Shelden  was  Theresa  M.  Douelas,  a  cousin  of 
Dr.  Douglas  Houghton,  who  was  the  first  state  sjeolosrist  of  Michigan 
and  whose  memory  is  preserved  in  the  Citv  of  Houghton. 

R.  Bird  .Shelden  is  the  only  surviving:  child  of  Ransom  Shelden.  He 
was  educated  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of  Houghton  and  in  a 
Military  Academy  at  Mount  Pleasant,  New  York.  For  several  years 
he  was  a  merchant  at  Houghton  in  dry  goods  and  groceries,  but  his  store 
burned  and  entailed  a  complete  loss.  After  that  he  was  bookkeeper  for 
a  time  and  then  for  a  number  of  years  served  as  deputy  internal  revenue 
collector  at  Houghton. 

On  account  of  ill  health  he  decided  to  come  to  California,  visiting 
the  state  in  1892.  He  returned  in  the  spring  of  1893,  and  since  that  year 
has  been  one  of  Riverside's  most  loyal  and  public  spirited  citizens.  For 
several  years  he  conducted  a  ranch  and  orange  grove  of  thirty  acres  at 
Highgrove  and  Palmyreta  Avenue,  but  since  selling  that  interest  has  lived 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        9/3 

in  the  city.  He  is  both  the  owner  and  operator  of  mining  properties. 
v\t  one  time  he  operated  the  Casey  Mines.  He  was  also  associated  with 
the  family  in  the  ownership  of  copper  bearing  properties.  Some  of  his 
valuable  ore  properties  are  hematite  iron  lands  near  the  Wisconsin  line 
in  the  Crystal  I'alls  district.  This  ore  is  being  produced  and  shipped 
by  the  lessees.  Mr.  Shelden  was  formerly  a  director  of  the  First  National 
Bank  of  Riverside.  He  is  a  republican,  a  Knight  Templar  Mason  and 
Elk. 

At  Houghton,  Michigan,  August  23,  1874,  he  married  Cordelia  A. 
Paull,  a  native  of  Wisconsin  and  daughter  of  Josiah  Paull,  who  repre- 
sented an  old  American  family  of  English  descent.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shel- 
den have  two  children:  Ransom  P.  and  Theresa.  Ransom  P.  was  for 
five  years  an  electrician  and  chief  electrician  in  the  United  States  Navy 
service,  being  in  China  after  the  Cuban  war,  but  most  of  his  time  was 
spent  in  special  duty.  He  is  now  connected  with  the  Electric  Company 
at  San  Bernardino.  The  daughter,  Theresa,  is  the  wife  of  Capt.  F.  L. 
Thompson,  U.  S.  A.,  and  has  two  children,  Leslie  Shelden  Thompson 
and  Douglas  Gregory.  Her  husband,  now  stationed  at  Camp  Travis, 
San  Antonio,  Texas,  was  in  service  as  a  machine  gunner  in  the  91st 
Division  in  France  and  received  a  special  citation  for  bravery  from  Gen- 
eral Pershing.  He  has  also  been  in  the  navy  and  was  on  the  Arizona 
border  during  the  Mexican  trouble. 

James  Bettner,  who  came  to  Riverside  soon  after  the  development 
started  by  the  original  colony,  was  one  of  the  most  successful  horticul- 
turists of  the  county,  and  among  other  achievements  that  give  him  a  high 
place  in  the  citizenship  he  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  movement  im- 
mediately preceding  the  organization  of  the  horticultural  interests  into 
what  is  now  the  Fruit  Growers  Exchange. 

He  was  born  at  Riverdale  on  the  Hudson,  now  within  the  limits  of 
New  York  City,  of  an  old  family  of  Scotch  descent.  He  was  educated 
both  for  a  technical  profession  and  for  the  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  New  York  State  Bar.  He  was  a  graduate  civil  engineer  of  the  Troy 
Polytechnic  College,  and  his  preference  decided  him  in  favor  of  the 
civil  engineering  profession.  During  the  seventies  he  was  assistant  to 
the  distinguished  engineer,  Mr.  Roberts,  in  surveying  the  route  of  the 
Northern  Pacific  Railroad  through  Montana.  Owing  to  the  arduous 
nature  of  his  profession  he  lost  his  health,  and  first  came  to  Riverside  in 
1877,  accompanied  by  his  wife  and  daughter.  The  daughter  soon  after- 
ward died.  During  the  winter  Mr.  Bettner  became  acquainted  with  A. 
S.  White,  and  he  soon  came  to  share  Mr.  White's  enthusiasm  for  the 
boundless  opportunities  of  Riverside.  That  led  to  his  purchase  of  forty 
acres  of  land,  which  Mr.  White  agreed  to  plant. 

In  December,  1879,  Mr.  Bettner,  Mrs.  Bettner  and  their  two  sons 
came  to  Riverside,  spending  a  short  time  at  the  old  Glenwood  Tavern 
and  then  with  G.  W.  Garcelon  while  Mr.  Bettner  was  building  a  home 
on  this  forty  acre  tract  at  Indiana  Avenue  and  Jefferson  Street.  He  was 
a  man  of  scientific  attainments  and  of  scientific  mind,  and  he  made  a 
serious  study  of  horticulture  and  proceeded  with  the  development  of  his 
tract  of  land  with  such  success  that  he  had  what  was  considered  the 
banner  grove  of  Southern  California.  He  was  perhaps  the  first  in  this 
district  to  appreciate  the  real  value  of  fertilization.  He  brought  his  land 
up  to  the  highest  productive  capacity.  In  1884-85,  at  the  W^orld's  Cot- 
ton Central  Exposition  at  New  Orleans,  his  oranges  took  first  prize.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  First  State  Board  of  Forestry  with  Abbott 
Kinney  and  Sands  Forman.  Active,  and  a  man  of  ability,  he  realized 
the  advantages  to  be  acquired  by  securing  other  property,  and  his  invest- 


974         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ineiits  proceeded  with  unlimited  faith,  a  faith  fully  justified  bj'  subsequent 
c\  ents.  In  1877  j\lr.  Bettner  bought  Frank  Miller's  property  on  Main 
Street,  the  Blue  Front  Store,  adjoming  the  property  belonging  to  Mat- 
thew Gage  at  Main  and  South  Eightli  Streets,  which  he  also  bought. 
J  he  price  he  paid  for  this  was  at  that  time  the  record  high  price  for  that 
class  of  property.  When  asked  why  he  paid  such  a  price  he  said  that 
he  bought  for  an  investment  and  believed  that  location  would  always  re- 
main the  center  of  the  town.     It  is  today. 

Mr.  Bettner  and  others  bought  Santa  Monica  Heights  and  other  prop- 
erty at  Santa  Monica,  and  in  Los  Angeles  acquired  a  tract  of  land  known 
as  the  Bettner  Tract,  in  the  southwestern  portion  of  the  city.  This  tract 
is  now  completely  covered  with  homes.  Mr.  Bettner  was  a  democrat 
-  in  politics  and  was  one  of  the  leaders  of  his  party  in  Riverside  County. 
He  was  a  speaker  on  many  occasions  and  was  completely  at  home  on  the 
platform. 

It  is  claimed  that  the  original  conception  of  the  idea  of  a  Fruit  Grow- 
ers Exchange  originated  with  a  few,  of  whom  Mr.  Bettner  was  one.  He 
and  T.  H.  B.  Chamblin  and  L.  G.  Rose  of  San  Gabriel  were  associated 
in  the  pioneer  organization,  eventually  merged  into  the  Fruit  Growers 
Exchange. 

At  Albany  Mr.  Bettner  married  Catherine  Allen,  a  native  of  that  city. 
His  son,  Louis  S.  Bettner,  is  deceased.  He  is  survived  by  Mrs.  Bettner 
and  their  son,  Robert  Lee  Bettner.  Mrs.  Bettner  lives  on  Magnolia  Ave- 
nue at  Riverside,  and  still  owns  about  ten  acres  of  the  original  prop- 
erty developed  l>y  Mr.  Bettner. 

Jerome  L.  Richardson,  who  has  been  police  court  judge  since  Jan- 
ary  1,  1918,  has  made  a  fine  record  which  has  attracted  much  favorable 
comment  and  is  the  youngest  judge  ever  on  the  Riverside  bench,  being 
first  appointed  when  twenty-five  years  of  age.  He  is  an  ernest  and  high 
minded  young  attorney,  and  in  his  official  duties  has  also  disclosed  a 
warmth  of  heart  and  a  personality  that  have  frequently  redeemed  the 
harsher  features  of  the  ordinary  police  court.  In  his  eagerness  to 
reclaim  people  brought  before  him  he  has  confined  his  attention  not  only 
to  juveniles  but  to  mature  men  and  women.  Frequently  he  has  been  able 
to  recognize  and  stimulate  the  potential  good  in  his  subjects,  though  when 
the  time  comes  to  enforce  the  law  he  does  it  fearlessly  and  has  not  hesi- 
tated to  impose  the  limit  penalty.  Evidently  a  dominating  principle  in 
the  life  of  Judge  Richardson  is  to  play  square  in  both  business  and  personal 
affairs.  He  has  a  great  pride  in  the  city  which  he  has  selected  for  his 
home,  and  has  been  actively  identified  with  all  public  movements  for  the 
general  welfare. 

His  breadth  of  sympathy  is  no  doubt  in  part  a  product  of  his  own 
individual  experience.  When  he  was  thirteen  his  father  died,  leaving 
a  family  without  a  fortune.  Jerome  Richardson  from  the  proceeds  of 
day  labor  took  care  of  his  mother  and  three  brothers,  and  was  largely 
instrumental  in  providing  educational  opportunities  for  the  brothers.  He 
kept  up  his  own  studies  in  the  evening  after  work,  and  in  that  manner 
passed  the  examinations  of  the  grammar  and  high  schools,  and  his  admis- 
sion to  the  California  bar  was  due  to  many  years  of  night  study  after 
arriving  in  Riverside. 

Jerome  L.  Richardson  was  born  at  Hopkinsville,  Kentucky,  August 
16,  1892,  son  of  Edward  L.  and  Agnes  M.  (Timmons)  Richardson.  His 
family  is  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  English  descent.  His  father  was 
a  native  of  Indiana,  was  at  one  time  master  mechanic  for  the  Evansville 
&  Terre  Haute  Railroad  and  later  owned  a  machine  shop  in  Kentucky 
Judge  Richardson's  mother  was  born  in  Kentucky.    Her  grandfather  was 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        975 

a  captain  in  the  Revolutionary  army  and  is  buried  at  Dixon,  Kentucky, 
where  for  distinguished  services  a  special  monument  was  erected  over 
his  grave  by  the  authorities.  Captain  Timnions  had  a  store  and  conducted 
a  large  tobacco  plantation  owning  a  hundred  and  ten  slaves,  but  finally, 
becoming  convinced  of  the  iniquity  of  slavery,  he  freed  them,  though  all 
but  four  remained  around  their  old  master.  The  father  of  Mrs.  Richard- 
son was  a  soldier  in  the  Northern  Army  during  the  Civil  war,  while  two 
of  his  brothers  fought  on  the  Confederate  side. 

When  his  father's  death  imposed  upon  him  the  necessity  of  becoming 
head  of  the  family  Jerome  Richardson  became  a  niilwright  in  Hopkins- 
ville,  and  followed  that  trade  for  six  years.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  he 
married  and  brought  his  bride  to  Californnia  in  191 1.  While  making 
his  living  by  work  in  a  grocery  store,  he  studied  nights  for  five  years 
under  the  guidance  of  Miguel  Estudillo,  and  took  the  bar  examination 
October  16,  1917.  Of  the  seven  applicants  in  the  class  three  passed, 
Judge  Richardson  taking  the  highest  honors. 

He  began  private  practice  in  partnership  with  Loyal  C.  Kelley  and 
O.  K.  Morton,  but  on  January  1,  1918,  was  appointed  Judge  of  the 
Riverside  Police  Court,  beginning  his  official  duties  on  the  5th  of  January. 
In  January,  1920,  he  was  reappointed.  Judge  Richardson  is  a  republican, 
and  for  several  years  has  been  an  influential  factor  in  city  and  county 
affairs.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Finance  Committee  of  the  last  Repub- 
lican County  Central  Committee.  During  the  war  he  gave  his  energies  to 
all  public  movements,  taking  part  in  the  Red  Cross  drives,  and  was  one 
of  the  "Four  Minute"  speakers  for  the  Liberty  Loans  and  served  as 
a  member  of  the  Legal  Advisory  Committee  for  the  Exemption  Board. 
While  in  Kentucky  he  served  in  the  National  Guard  during  the  night 
rider  trouble  of  1908  and  1909.  He  is  now  scout  master  of  the  boy 
scouts.  He  is  Secretary  of  the  Riverside  County  Bar  Association, 
the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Present  Day  Club. 

June  7,  1911,  at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  Judge  Richardson  married 
Eulia  Banks  Burrus.  She  was  born  in  Kentucky,  daughter  of  J.  L.  and 
Elizabeth  Burrus,  and  represents  an  old  Kentucky  family  of  planters  and 
slave  owners,  who  during  the  Civil  war  were  actively  identified  with 
the  Confederate  cause. 

Three  brothers  of  Judge  Richardson  are  all  residents  of  Riverside 
County.  They  are :  James  Edward,  a  ticket  agent  for  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  the  Pacific  Electric  Railways  at  Riverside  ;  George  S.,  agent 
for  the  Pacific  Electric  at  Corona ;  and  Richard  Richardson,  assistant 
freight  agent  of  the  Pacific  Electric  Railroad  at  Riverside. 

Fred  L.  Hall — One  of  the  show  places  in  Riverside  County  is  the 
noted  stock  ranch  of  the  Hall  family  in  the  Perris  Valley  near  Perris. 
Registered  livestock  has  been  a  specialty  of  the  Halls  for  over  half  a 
century.  The  Halls  were  for  many  years  and  until  recently  identi- 
fied with  the  livestock  industry  in  the  State  of  Minnesota.  They  have 
done  much  to  prove  the  adaptability  of  Southern  California  to  the  same 
industry. 

The  active  head  of  the  stock  farm  near  Perris  is  Fred  L.  Hall,  but 
his  father,  L.  S.  Hall,  is  senior  partner,  act«al  founder  of  the  business. 
and  still,  in  a  measure,  the  final  aiithority  to  whom  are  referred  all  im- 
portant questions  involving  superior  judgment  as  to  livestock.  L.  S.  Hall 
is  a  native  of  New  Hampshire  and  was  a  pioneer  in  Minnesota.  He 
went  there  when  Minnesota  was  a  territory,  and  when  the  Civil  war  came 
on  he  enlisted  at  Rochester  in  Company  F  of  the  First  Minnesota  Volun- 


976        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

leers.  This  regiment  was  with  the  Second  Corps,  Second  Division  and 
second  brigade,  and  made  a  splendid  record  ot  arduous  service  both  in 
me  iiidiaii  country  and  in  the  central  theater  of  the  war.  lie  was  in 
service  until  discnarged  at  I'ort  Snelling  in  August,  1865.  Through  all 
the  years  since  the  war  he  has  been  a  rancher  and  stockman,  and  for  many 
years  had  extensive  landed  interests  in  Earibault  and  Markham  counties, 
iViinnesota.  Noth withstanding  the  hardships  he  endured  in  the  war  and 
the  active  life  he  has  lived  since  he  is  still  a  fine  figure  of  a  man,  rugged 
and  efficient,  and  takes  a  keen  interest  in  the  conduct  of  the  farm.  Un- 
doubtedly he  is  one  of  the  best  informed  men  in  regard  to  fine  livestock 
in  California.  L.  S.  Hall  married  Susan  Northup,  a  native  of  Wis- 
consin.    She  is  still  living  at  the  home  at  Perris. 

Fred  L.  Hall  was  born  in  Markham  County,  Minnesota,  September 
16,  1874.  He  was  educated  in  the  pubhc  schools  and  is  a  graduate  of 
the  Agricultural  Department  of  the  University  of  Minnesota  with  the 
class  of  1898.  He  immediately  turned  his  technical  education  to  good 
account  on  the  ranch  of  his  father  in  Markham  and  Faribault  counties. 
In  1912  he  came  to  California  to  occupy  the  one  hundred  and  forty-four 
acres  in  the  Perris  Valley  which  had  been  purchased  by  his  father  the 
preceding  year.  L.  S.  Hall  acquired  his  first  registered  stock  as  early  as 
1868.  Some  of  the  descendants  of  this  stock  are  still  on  the  Perris  ranch. 
When  the  family  came  to  California  they  brought  ten  head  of  the  old 
herd  with  them.  The  Hall  stock  ranch  at  Perris  at  this  writing  has  eighty- 
eight  pure  bred  Shorthorn  cattle,  thirty  head  of  pure  bred  Percheron 
horses,  and  seventy-five  Berkshire  hogs.  An  interesting  department  of 
animal  husbandry  is  also  the  poultry  business  conducted  by  Mrs.  Hall. 
She  has  been  very  successful  with  a  flock  of  white  Wyandottes.  One 
of  the  Percheron  mares  owned  by  the  Halls  has  produced  colts  that  have 
been  sold  for  three  thousand  dollars,  and  three  of  these  colts  are  still  on 
the  ranch.  One  of  them,  a  four  year  old,  weighs  two  thousand  pounds, 
has  been  raised  wholly  on  barley  and  alfalfa  hay,  chiefly  alfalfa,  with 
never  a  feed  of  grain,  and  is  a  black  beauty  free  from  blemish,  perfect 
in  all  of  its  points  and  build.  The  Halls  have  had  horses,  hogs  and  cat- 
tle in  the  show  ring  at  all  the  fairs,  frequently  exhibiting  between  thirty- 
five  and  forty  animals,  and  have  innumerable  ribbons  and  trophies.  In 
one  year  seventy-six  ribbons  were  awarded  the  Hall  stock. 

With  the  exception  of  the  first  year  Fred  L.  Hall  has  since  its 
organization  been  a  director  of  the  Southern  California  Fair  Association. 
While  primarily  interested  in  pure  bred  stock,  he  is  also  one  of  the 
ranchers  of  Southern  California  who  has  taken  up  the  growing  of  long 
staple  cotton  and  is  president  of  the  local  Cotton  Growers  Association, 
which  has  a  gin  at  Perris.  In  1920  he  had  twenty  acres  planted  to  cot- 
ton, with  a  fair  crop,  and  with  still  better  prospects  for  1921.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  Perris  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  is  also  director  of  the 
Farm  Bureau.  A  republican,  he  has  had  no  time  from  his  busy  personal 
affairs  to  devote  to  politics. 

June  20,  1907,  in  Minnesota,  he  married  Miss  Winnifred  Matthews, 
a  native  of  that  state.  Her  father,  W.  T.  Matthews,  was  a  Minnesota 
pioneer  and  she  represents  an  old  American  family  of  Revolutionary 
stock  and  English  descent.  Mrs.  Hall  was  for  ten  years  a  teacher  in 
Minnesota,  and  throughoutthat  time  missed  only  one  day  from  her  duties. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hall  have  two  children :  Harwood,  born  in  1914,  and  Nulah, 
born  in  1915. 

John  Bennett  Hanna — By  reason  of  his  early  advent  in  California 
when  a  young  boy,  John  Bennett  Hanna,  public  administrator  and  ex- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        977 

cx-oflicio  coioiur  of  San  Bernardino  County,  is  classed  fittingly  with  the 
pioneers.  \\  ith  the  exception  of  several  years  spent  in  Colorado  Mr 
Hanna  has  lived  continuously  in  California,  most  of  the  time  in  the 
county  he  has  efficiently  served  and  is  now  so  serving.  He  is  a  typical 
Californian,  and  his  energies  and  actions  have  always  been  for  the  wel- 
fare of  his  some  county. 

The  firm  determination  to  do  right  as  he  saw  it,  never  deviating  from 
a  course  once  laid  out,  his  successful  administration  of  the  offices  to 
which  he  has  been  elected  has  been  a  matter  for  congratulation  by  the 
voters  of  San  Bernardino  County  and  repeatedly  they  have  shown  their 
sincere  appreciation  by  means  of  the  ballot  box  every  time  he  has  been 
a  candidate  for  justice  of  the  peace.  He  has  the  sunshine  of  the  genial 
nature  which  draws  around  a  man  a  circle  of  warm  friends  who  can 
value  a  worthwhile  man.  In  fraternal  circles  his  standing  is  shown  by 
the  records  and  in  civic  and  social  circles  he  is  equally  appreciated. 

Mr.  Hanna  was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Pennsylvania,  August  25, 
1856,  the  son  of  Robert  and  Tacie  Rebecca  (McDonald)  Hanna,  both  of 
whom  were  natives  of  Pennsylvania.  Robert  Hanna  died  October  28, 
1868,  and  his  wife  is  now  living  in  Colton,  California,  aged  eighty-four. 
Mr.  Hanna  had  been  a  timber  man  and  real  estate  operator  all  his  life. 

John  B.  Hanna  attended  the  public  and  private  schools  of  Clinton 
County,  Pennsylvania,  and  in  1874,  came  to  California,  landing  in  San 
Francisco.  He  then  attended  the  public  schools  of  San  Jose,  the  Uni- 
versity of  the  Pacific  and  after  that  was  for  a  brief  period  employed  as 
a  clerk  in  San  Jose.  The  Leadville,  Colorado,  mining  excitement  broke 
out  at  this  time,  and  Mr.  Hanna  went  there,  prospecting  and  at  the  same 
time  reading  law.  In  the  latter  he  was  so  successful  that  he  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  that  state  in  1882.  He  commenced  the  practice  of  law  at 
Leadville,  and  after  a  short  time  he  was  married  and  two  years  later  he 
returned  to  California,  locating  first  in  San  Jose. 

Very  soon  afterward  he  made  a  trip  to  Banning  with  his  stepfather 
for  the  purpose  of  seeing  the  country.  At  that  time  there  were  very 
few  people  in  Banning,  and  he  had  about  concluded  to  go  north  to  Seattle, 
but  was  prevailed  upon  to  stay  in  Banning  and  purchase  a  half  interest 
in  a  general  store  in  that  town,  which  was  the  only  one  between  Colton 
and  Yuma,  Arizona.  While  there  he  combined  store  keeping  with  the 
duties  of  postmaster,  Wells  Fargo  Company  agent  and  also  ticket  agent. 
He  remained  there  seven  years  and  then  sold  out. 

In  the  meantime  his  folks  had  moved  to  Colton,  and  he  went  there 
and  entered  the  grocery  business,  and  this  he  conducted  for  ten  years  and 
then  sold  out.  He  had  been  admitted  to  practice  law  in  California  also, 
in  1882,  and  in  that  year  was  elected  justice  of  the  peace  in  Colton  for  a 
two  year  term.  He  entered  this  office  with  the  fixed  purpose  of  putting 
a  stop  to  the  graft  that  had  been  going  on  in  these  offices  all  over  the 
state,  a  graft  whereby  the  justices  were  receiving  enormous  returns  for 
comparatively  little  service.  Instead  of  charging  five  dollars  per  case 
and  saddling  big  expenses  on  the  taxpayers.  Judge  Hanna  put  in  a  modest 
bill  for  about  sixty  dollars  per  month,  stating  that  that  was  all  the  serv- 
ice was  worth.  The  next  year  the  Legislature  placed  all  the  offices  on  a 
salary  basis.  In  1898  he  was  re-elected  and  altogether  was  re-elected 
seven  times. 

In  1919  Judge  Hanna  was  invited  by  the  Board  of  Supervisors  to  ac- 
cept his  present  office  of  public  administrator  and  ex-officio  coroner. 
This  office  he  is  now  filling  with  the  same  singleness  of  purpose  and 
efficiency  that  distinguished  his  occupancy  of  the  office  of  justice  of  the 
peace.     In  1893-1919  he  was  elected  one  of  the  freeholders  to  draft  the 


978         SAN  BERN/VRDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

county  charter.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Colton  Fruit  Exchange,  and  has 
been  for  over  twenty  years.  Judge  Hanna  is  also  greatly  interested  in 
orange  growing  and  owns  an  orange  grove  in  Colton. 

He  married  September  25,  1882,  Frances  A.  Creal,  of  Saratoga,  New 
York,  a  member  of  an  old  New  York  family  dating  back  to  Revolution- 
ary days.  They  have  three  children :  Wilson  Creal  Hanna,  chief  chemist 
of  the  California  Portland  Cement  Company  of  Colton,  married  Blanche 
Deal  of  Clarinda,  Iowa,  and  they  have  two  daughters,  Tacie  Madge  and 
l-lvanelle  Beal  Hanna.  Tacie  May,  at  home  and  a  teacher  in  dramatics 
and  expression  at  San  Bernardino  Polytechnic  High  School,  is  a  well 
known  writer  of  plays  and  has  a  brilliant  future.  Mary  Hanna  is  the 
wife  of  George  \\\  Campbell,  of  Los  Angeles,  who  is  with  the  circular 
lion  department  of  the  Los  Angeles  Times.  They  have  three  children, 
Frances  Louise,  John  F.  and  George  Washington  Campbell,  Jr. 

Judge  Hanna  is  a  member  of  Ashler  Lodge  No.  306,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
of  Colton;  of  Key.stone  Chapter  No.  56,  R.  A.  M.,  of  San  Bernardino; 
of  St.  Bernard  Commandery  No.  23,  K.  T.,  of  San  Bernardino ;  and  also 
a  member  of  Al  Malaikah  Temple,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.,  of  Los  Angeles. 
He  is  a  member  of  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  and  for  ten  years 
was  the  high  counselor  for  Southern  California.  In  1915  he  was  the 
grand  chaplain  of  the  Masonic  Grand  Lodge  of  California.  Judge  Hanna 
is  an  honorary  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Society  of  California 
Pioneers.  Politically  he  is  a  republican,  and  in  religious  faith  affiliates 
with  the  Methodist  Church. 

Frederick  Thomas  Harris,  architect  of  San  Bernardino,  has  not  only 
the  distinction  of  being  at  the  head  of  his  profession  in  the  city  but  also 
of  being  a  son  of  a  pioneer  and  a  native  son  himself  of  San  Bernardino. 
While  he  has  at  times  absented  himself  from  his  birthplace,  he  has 
always  returned  and  he  is  now  a  permanent  resident.  He  has  built  many 
fine  public  buildings  in  California  which  stand  as  monuments  to  his  archi- 
tectural skill,  which  is  as  well  founded  as  the  laws  of  gravitation. 

Mr.  Harris  was  born  in  San  Bernardino  September  27th,  1875,  the 
son  of  Benjamin  B.  and  Betty  Edwards  (Clark)  Harris.  He  was  a 
native  of  King  William  Courthouse,  Virginia,  while  his  wife  was  a  native 
of  Gallatin,  Sumner  County.  Tennessee.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar. 
but  in  1849  came  to  California,  by  the  way  of  Yuma  and  Warner's  ranch. 
His  party  outfitted  in  Missouri  and  came  over  the  long,  hard  overland 
trail  with  the  other  gold  seekers.  He  located  first  in  Los  Angeles,  but 
only  stayed  there  two  weeks,  going  on  to  Sacramento,  a  hotbed  of 
mining  excitement. 

An  interesting  incident  is  noted  during  his  short  stay  in  Los  Angeles, 
as  he  narrated  it  afterwards,  in  view  of  the  importance  of  the  oil  industry 
in  and  around  Los  Angeles.  He  remembered  very  well  seeing  oil  oozing 
from  the  ground  where  he  had  his  horse  staked  near  the  plaza.  In  these 
days  of  experience  and  excitement  in  the  oil  game  there  would  be  a  wild 
rush  there  on  such  a  report.  Then  it  was  not  even  considered,  for  men 
were  after  gold,  which  was  more  desirable  than  oil  those  days. 

Mr.  Harris  went  from  Sacramento  to  the  mines  in  Tuolumne  County, 
where  he  followed  minine  with  varied  success.  Not  caring  to  follow  that 
business,  he  returned  to  Sacramento  and  started  practicing  law.  He  was 
an  able  attorney,  a  master  of  the  law,  its  theory  and  practice,  and  his 
success  was  a  foreeone  conclusion.  In  addition  to  this  he  was  verv  highly 
educated  in  other  lines,  notablv  literature  and  the  languages.  He  soon 
built  up  a  large  clientele,  but  when  the  Civil  war  came  on  in  1861  as  a 
loyal  son  of  the  South  he  returned  at  once  to  Virginia  and  enlisted  in  a 
Virginia  regiment,  serving  throughout  the  war. 


^/:::^t:c^-^^^cJ<i^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  R1\ERS1DE  COUNTIES        979 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  organized  and  started  successfully  the  Nash- 
ville Universuy  at  iSashville,  iennessee.  in  this  he  occupied  the  chair 
ji  laiigtiages.  iJui  ver^-  soon  the  golden  nieiiRines  of  California  lured  hint 
back  to  her,  and  in  18/0  he  located  m  i>an  IJeniardino,  where  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  law,  which  he  continued  until  his  death  on  August  j,  189/. 
tie  was  one  of  the  city's  most  loyal  citizens  and  served  her  at  all  tunes 
ably  and  taithfulUy.  He  was  a  democrat.  He  was  district  attorney  from 
1660  to  189U.  He  also  served  the  city  as  city  attorney  without  pay  and 
was  also  city  clerk  without  remuneration.  He  was  a  man  of  quick  sym- 
pathy, wise  tolerance  and  a  mind  of  penetrating  keenness.  He  made  warm 
triends,  whom  he  held  in  ever-growing  attachment  because  of  his  unusual 
intellectual  gifts  and  his  high  character.  He  passed  into  eternity  loved  by 
his  family  and  friends  and  respected  and  honored  by  the  city  he  had 
served  so  well.  His  wife  died  in  1917,  and  to  them  were  born  seven 
children:  William  Temple,  now  in  Calixico ;  Lucy  Ellen,  wife  of  G.  W. 
Gross,  of  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico;  Frederick  Thomas;  Reuben  W., 
who  died  at  the  age  of  seven;  Emma,  wife  of  Prof.  I.  D.  Perry,  of  the 
Los  Angeles  High  School;  Owen  Overton,  of  Portland,  Oregon,  and 
Katherine  Ellen,  widow  of  H.  G.  Peck,  of  Santa  Monica. 

Frederick  T.  Harris  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Ber- 
nardino and  then  went  to  Los  Angeles,  where  he  served  three  years  ap- 
prenticeship with  McCarthy  &  Mendel,  architects.  He  then  returned  to 
San  Bernardino,  and  soon  afterward  opened  an  office  in  Redlands,  where 
he  remained  for  twelve  years.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  moved  to  El 
Centro,  where  he  practiced  his  profession  for  four  years.  While  there 
he  purchased  160  acres  of  land  and  cultivated  and  stocked  it.  In  1917 
he  sold  out  and  returned  to  San  Bernardino. 

Mr.  Harris  opened  an  office  and  started  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  his  place  of  birth  and  has  built  up  an  ever  growing  clientele.  Among 
the  public  buildings  he  has  erected  are  the  following:  The  McKinley 
Building  in  Redlands,  the  Lugenia  Building  in  Redlands,  the  High  School 
Building  in  El  Centro.  the  Mt.  X'ernon  Avenue  School  Building  in  San 
Bernardino,  the  Metcalf  Building,  also  in  San  Bernardino,  and  the  Upland 
School  Building. 

Mr.  Harris  was  married  in  1901  to  May  Hamilton,  a  daughter  of  Col. 
J.  L  Hamilton,  of  Los  Angeles.  They  have  one  son,  Harwell  H.,  a  gradu- 
ate of  the  High  School.  Mr.  Harris  is  in  politics  a  democrat.  Frater- 
nally he  is  affiliated  with  Redlands  Lodge  No.  300,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.; 
Redlands  Chapter,  R.  A.  M. ;  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows, 
N.  S.  G.  W.,  and  Redlands  Lodge,  B.  P.  O.  E.  He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Southern  California  Chapter  of  Architects. 

Henry  William  Mills  has  been  a  resident  of  San  Bernardino  for 
nearly  twenty  years,  arid  in  the  intelligent  and  sympathetic  exercise  of 
his  profession  in  that  period  of  time  has  established  himself  in  the  front 
rank  among  the  successful  and  prominent  surgeons  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia. 

A  native  of  England,  he  received  his  medical  education  in  that  country. 
In  no  country  are  the  requirements  higher,  and  a  man  has  to  work  hard 
for  his  diploma  no  matter  how  gifted  he  may  be.  By  the  time  he  is 
deemed  ready  to  practice  his  profession  he  certainly  has  the  mental 
equipment.  Dr.  Mills,  after  his  graduation,  successfully  practiced  in 
England  four  years,  but  he  is  a  true  Californian  and  devoted  to  his 
home  town.  In  the  World  war  he  served  America  faithfully  and  well, 
giving  up  his  practice,  home  and  family  to  go  overseas,  and  in  the  Base 
Hospital,  where  he  was  stationed,  no  surgeon  made  higher  record  for 
efficiency  and  skill  according  to  the  reports.     He  would  probably  deny 


980         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

this,  for  he  still  retains  much  of  the  conservatism,  not  to  say  modesty, 
of  his  early  youth. 

Dr.  Mills  has  added  to  his  professional  interests  by  the  hospitals  he 
has  so  successfully  established.  In  fraternal  and  social  circles  no  man 
stands  higher  than  Dr.  Mills,  and  in  civic  afifairs  he  is  an  important 
factor.  His  medical  affiliations  alone  would  establish  his  standing  as  a 
surgeon  of  the  highest  ability  and  training  and  the  estimation  in  which 
he  is  held  by  the  medical  world. 

Dr.  Mills  was  born  in  Hereford,  England,  on  December  5,  1872,  the 
son  of  William  Hathorn  and  Eliza  Husting  Mills,  his  father  being  a 
native  of  Orton,  Waterville,  near  Peterborough,  and  his  mother  of 
Cambridgeshire.  Both  are  now  living  in  San  Bernardino,  California. 
William  H.  Mills  was  a  graduate  of  Cambridge  University  and  is  a 
clergyman  of  the  Church  of  England,  a  man  of  high  intellectual  attain- 
ments. He  is  not  only  very  talented  and  a  profound  thinker,  but  he  is 
also  a  poet  of  reputation  and  has  written  several  poetical  works. 

Dr.  Mills  was  educated  primarily  in  King  Edward  the  Sixth  school 
at  Louth,  Lincolnshire,  England.  His  medical  education  was  secured  at 
the  Edinborough  University  and  at  St.  Thomas  Hospital,  London,  Eng- 
land. After  his  graduation  and  hospital  experience  he  practiced  in 
Gloucestershire,  England,  until  February,  1903,  when  he  came  to  San 
Bernardino.  He  has  been  in  active  practice  in  Los  Angeles  and  San 
Bernardino  ever  since  excepting  during  his  war  service.  He  specializes 
in  surgery,  and  has  attamed  a  state  wide  reputation  as  a  master  surgeon. 
He  does  not  "rest  on  his  laurels,"  but  keeps  abreast  of  the  modern  methods 
and  the  latest  advancements  in  his  profession,  continually  adding  to  his 
store  of  knowledge,  not  alone  through  books  and  reports,  but  by  his 
association  with  important  responsibilities  and  with  men  of  similar 
prominence  whose  researches  lend  vitality  and  interest  to  the  ever  ad- 
vancing tenets  of  the  profession.  In  fact  Dr.  Mills  is,  in  his  profession 
as  in  all  things,  thoroughly  imbued  with  the  progressive  spirit  of  the 
times. 

In  1905  Dr.  Mills  established  the  Marlboro  Hospital  of  San  Ber- 
nardino, and  in  1908  established  the  Ramona  Hospital  also,  and,  until 
returning  from  France  after  the  World  war,  also  conducted  a  training 
school  for  nurses.  Dr.  Mills  was  commissioned  a  captain  in  the  Medical 
Corps  in  March,  1918,  and  was  sent  to  Camp  Kearney.  On  July  1st  he 
went  to  France  and  was  stationed  in  Base  Hospital  No.  35  (subsequently 
at  Savenay).  After  the  armistice  was  signed  he  was  transferred  to  England 
on  December  22nd.  He  was  stationed  at  Liverpool  and  on  April  8th  he 
returned  to  the  United  States  on  the  Saxonia  as  consulting  surgeon.  He 
lost  no  time  in  returning  to  San  Bernardino,  and  upon  reaching  home  at 
once  commenced  practice.  Dr.  Mills  had  one  brother  killed  on  the 
vessel  "Artist,"  Captain  G.  M.  G.  Mills.  This  boat  was  torpedoed  and 
sunk  ofT  the  south  coast  of  Ireland  and  every  officer  on  her  and  all  but 
six  of  the  men  were  drowned. 

Dr.  Mills  is  the  father  of  four  children :  Gladys  Nana  Desiree,  now 
in  England  was  employed  by  the  British  Admiralty  during  the  war; 
Eulalia  Melvill,  at  the  Santa  Barbara  Girls  School,  Santa  Barbara ;  John 
Melvill,  George  Melvill.  Dr.  Mills  is  a  member  of  Phoenix  Lodge  No. 
178,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  San  Bernardino,  and  of  Keystone  Chapter  No. 
56,  R.  A.  M.,  of  San  Bernardino.  He  is  also  a  member  of  St.  Bernard 
Commandery  No.  23,  K.  T.,  and  is  a  past  eminent  commander.  His 
other  Masonic  affiliation  is  with  the  Consistory  of  Los  Angeles.  Another 
fraternal  organization  he  enjoys  is  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  856, 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.    He  is  a  member  of  the  San 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        981 

Bernardino  County  Medical  Association  and  of  the  California  State 
Medical  Association.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons 
of  England,  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians  of  London,  England, 
and  a  F"ellow  of  the  American  College  of  Surgeons.  In  politics  he  is 
staunchly  a  republican.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 

Ramona  Hospital — The  illustration  accompanying  this  sketch  is  the 
best  possible  description  of  the  exterior  environment,  the  quiet  and  digni- 
fied beauty  and  the  building  equipment  of  Ramona  Hospital,  which  is  a 
modern  high  class  surgical  hospital  situated  practically  in  the  heart  of 
the  business  section  of  San  Bernardino,  standing  at  the  corner  of  Fourth 
Street  and  Arrowhead  Avenue,  one  block  from  the  Post  Office.  Be- 
sides the  main  hospital  building  the  grounds  include  a  nurses'  home, 
which  was  built  in  1910  for  the  use  of  the  hospital  stafif. 

Ramona  Hospital  is  conducted  by  the  corporation  known  as  the 
Ramona  Hospital  Association.  The  hospital  was  built  in  1908  and  has 
fifty  beds,  besides  operating  rooms  and  other  facilities.  One  department 
of  the  hospital  is  devoted  to  obstetrics.  In  1920  a  pathological  laboratory 
was  added  to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  hospital  commissioners.  The 
hospital  is  supplied  with  an  elaborate  X-Ray  plant,  including  a  portable 
Campbell  apparatus  for  bedside  use. 

Until  1919  a  training  school  for  nurses  was  conducted,  but  since  then 
the  practice  has  been  discontinued  and  now  the  staflf  is  made  up  exclu- 
sively of  graduate  nurses. 

The  managing  director  and  consulting  surgeon  of  Ramona  Hospital  is 
Dr.  H.  W.  Mills  and  the  consulting  physician  is  Dr.  G.  S.  Landon. 
Other  officials  are :  Dr.  R.  W.  Prince,  secretary,  Dr.  C.  C.  Owen,  roent- 
genologist. Miss  Ella  Murray,  matron.  Miss  B.  Marsh,  dietitian ;  Ralph 
E.  Swing,  attorney. 

Edward  W.  Preston  is  a  native  son  of  California,  was  born  and 
reared  in  Rialto,  and  is  one  of  the  younger  men  who  has  achieved 
something  definite  in  that  community.  He  is  cashier  of  the  First  National 
Bank  of  Rialto. 

He  was  born  there  September  7,  1896,  son  of  Godfrey  and  Lizzie 
(Oldenburg)  Preston.  His  parents  were  natives  of  Germany,  and  his 
father  who  came  to  the  United  States  at  the  age  of  fourteen,  has  .since 
been  a  farmer  and. rancher  in  the  vincinity  of  Los  Angeles  and  Rialto, 
and  is  now  living  a  retired  life  in  Rialto.  Edward  W.  Preston  was 
only  four  years  of  age  when  his  mother  died.  He  acquired  a  public 
school  education  in  his  home  town,  and  soon  after  leaving  school  he 
went  to  work  in  the  First  National  Bank  as  a  clerk.  He  was  promoted 
to  teller,  then  to  assistant  cashier,  and  in  November,  1921.  became 
cashier.  Mr.  Preston  is  an  ex-service  man.  having  enlisted  May  14, 
1918,  in  the  Navy.  He  was  in  service  until  after  the  armistice,  and 
during  that  time  was  Paymaster  on  U.  S.  S.  "Wakvila"  and  on  the 
U.  S.  S.  "Panuco."  Mr.  Preston  is  a  republican,  a  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church  and  of  San  Bernardino  Post  of  the  American  Legion. 

March  10,  1920,  he  married  Miss  Verna  June  Herkelrath,  daughter 
of  Charles  and  Anna  (Ralphs)  Herkelrath  of  San  Bernardino. 

Charles  M.  Shiels,  through  boyhood,  youth  and  mature  manhood, 
has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  nearly  forty  years.  For  many  years  he 
had  an  active  part  in  a  successful  business  enterprise  founded  by  his  father 
and  conducted  by  father  and  sons,  but  for  the  past  five  years  has  given 
his  time  and  care  to  the  responsibilities  of  the  important  office  of  county 
sealer  of  weights  and  measures. 


982        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Mr.  Shiels  is  the  oldest  son  of  John  and  Emily  (Woods)  Shiels,  Ca- 
nadians and  of  Scotch  ancestry,  and  grandson  of  William  and  Elizabeth 
( Montgomery j  bhieis.  John  ^itiiels,  who  was  born  at  Frescott,  Canada, 
attended  public  school  there  until  he  was  fourteen,  and  in  1849  the  family 
moved  to  Maitland,  Ontario.  After  working  a  year  and  a  half  on  nearby 
farms  John  Shiels  apprenticed  himself  to  a  competent  tinsmith  at  King- 
ston. Ontario,  learned  the  business,  and  then  set  up  a  shop  of  his  own 
at  Kingston.  His  good  workmanship  and  his  good  citizenship  made  him 
a  valuable  asset  of  the  community,  and  for  thirty-four  years  he  remained 
there  in  business. 

Leaving  Canada  John  Shiels  came  to  Riverside  in  March,  1883.  He 
brought  a  limited  capital,  but  at  once  opened  a  shop  under  his  own  name 
and  soon  had  his  facilities  as  a  tinsmith  taxed  to  the  utmost.  His  first 
location  was  on  Main  Street,  near  Ninth.  From  tinsmithing  he  began 
taking  plumbing  contracts,  and  eventually  his  was  the  leading  plumbing 
hrni  of  the  city  and  handled  many  of  the  largest  heating  and  plumbing 
contracts.  For  years  it  was  his  policy  to  give  his  personal  direction  to 
these  contracts  in  the  minutest  detail.  In  1891  his  place  of  business  was 
moved  to  a  building  still  standing  at  Tenth  and  Market.  His  sons  on 
reaching  manhood  became  partners,  and  the  firm  was  John  Shiels  and 
Son  until  the  death  of  the  senior  partner  October  25,  1911,  after  which 
the  business  was  conducted  as  Shiels  Brothers  until  June,  1919. 

At  Kingston,  Canada,  John  Shiels  married  Emily  \\'oods.  Their  five 
children  were:  Charles  M.;  William  F.,  deceased;  Emily  E.  and  Mary 
F.  Kirby,  of  Ottawa,  Canada,  and  Miss  Margaret  E.,  living  with  her 
brother  Charles  at  Riverside.  The  second  son,  William  F.  Shiels,  was 
born  at  Kingston,  Canada,  was  reared  and  educated  and  lived  there  until 
1888,  when  he  came  to  Riverside  to  join  his  father  in  business.  He  mar- 
ried in  Riverside  January  29,  1905,  Miss  Lydia  Wildes,  by  which  union 
there  is  a  daughter,  Frances.  William  F.  Shiels  died  December  14,  1914. 
All  members  of  the  family  in  both  generations  have  been  devout  Presby- 
terians.    The  wife  of  John  Shiels  died  June  16,  1904. 

Charles  M.  Shiels  attended  the  public  schools  in  Canada  and  tlie  Mode' 
Schools  there  and  accompanied  his  parents  to  Riverside  in  1883.  Here 
he  finished  his  apprenticeship  as  a  plumber  in  1888,  and  immediately 
took  the  technical  supervision  of  the  plumbing  business  with  his  father, 
and  gradually  made  plumbing  the  outstanding  feature  of  the  firm.  He 
continued  this  business  successfully  after  the  death  of  his  father  and  then 
of  his  brother  until  several  years  ago. 

Mr.  Shiels  has  been  county  sealer  of  weights  and  measures  since  1917. 
He  represents  the  authority  of  the  State  Department  of  Weights  and 
Measures,  and  has  given  a  most  thorough  and  painstaking  administration 
to  his  duties.  His  official  jurisdiction  covers  a  very  extensive  territorv 
in  Riverside  County,  extending  as  far  as  Blythe  and  the  Colorado  River. 
Mr.  Shiels  is  a  strong  republican,  active  in  party  afTairs.  and.  like  all  his 
family,  is  a  Presbvterian. 

He  is  one  of  the  prominent  fraternalists  in  Riverside  County  and  has 
enjoyed  many  honors  in  the  various  orders.  He  is  a  member  of  Ever- 
green Lodge  No.  259.  F.  and  A.  M. :  is  a  past  hieh  priest  of  River- 
side Chapter  No.  67.  R.  A.  M. :  a  member  of  Vnllcv  Council  No.  27.  R. 
and  S.  M. ;  Riverside  Commandery  No.  28.  K.  T. :  A!  Malaikah  Temple 
of  the  Mvstic  Shrine  and  the  Eastern  Star  IJo  is  n  nnst  noble  grand 
of  Riverside  Lodfe  No.  28?  Tndepondent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  is  a 
iinst  chief  mtriarch  nf  Star  Fn'-nmnnipnt  TV,,  7:;  „i^„^iin,-  nf  Can'on  No, 
^5  nf  tlie  Rehekahs.  is  a  past  chief  ranger  of  Court  California  No.  451, 
Independent  Order  of  Foresters,  and  past  commander  nf  River-^ide  Tent 
No.  19,  Knights  of  the  Maccabees. 


CAPT.  ROBERT  BOSWOKTH 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        98.5 

Mr.  Shiels  and  his  sister  Miss  Margaret  live  together  at  Riverside. 
Miss  Margaret  is  prominent  in  Riverside  church  and  fraternal  circles, 
being  secretary  of  the  Chapter  of  the  Eastern  Star.  In  the  Presbyterian 
Lhurch  she  is  secretary  of  the  Sunday  School,  and  has  performed  the 
duties  of  secretary  for  a  number  of  years. 

Loyal  C.  Kelley,  district  attorney  for  Riverside  County,  has  had  a 
busy  professional  and  public  career  since  his  adniission  to  the  bar,  and 
has  been  a  resident  of  Riverside  County  for  over  thirty  years. 

He  was  born  in  Ohio,  February  20,  1884,  and  has  been  a  Calif ornian 
since  the  age  of  six.  His  father,  Albert  P.  Kelley,  was  also  a  native  of 
Ohio,  and  during  the  Civil  war  was  a  Union  soldier  four  years,  being  a 
sergeant  in  Company  C  of  the  72nd  Ohio  Infantry.  For  many  years 
afterward  he  was  a  manufacturer  si  Carey  in  Wyandotte  County.  Loyal 
C.  Kelley  came  with  his  parents  to  Riverside  in  1890,  and  in  the  following 
year  the  family  established  their  home  at  Corona,  where  his  father  is  still 
living,  retired.  Mr.  Kelley  attended  public  school  at  Corona  and  in  191 1 
received  his  law  degree  from  the  University  of  Southern  California  at 
Los  Angeles.  For  one  year  he  practiced  at  Corona,  and  since  then  his 
home  and  offices  have  been  in  Riverside.  A  large  part  of  his  work  as 
a  lawyer  has  been  in  public  and  official  channels.  He  was  appointed 
deputy  city  attorney  in  1914,  holding  that  office  until  I9I7.  In  the  mean- 
time, in  1913,  he  also  accepted  the  duties  of  deputy  district  attorney  under 
Lyman  Evans,  and  his  service  with  the  district  attorney's  office  has  been 
continuous  from  that  date.  In  November,  19.18,  he  was  elected  district 
attorney,  and  he  took  over  the  complete  authority  of  the  office  on  January 
6,  1919,  for  a  four  year  term. 

Mr.  Kelley  has  done  much  campaign  work  for  the  republican  ticket. 
He  is  a  Mason,  Elk,  Knight  of  Pythias  and  member  of  the'  Sons  of  Vet- 
erans. On  November  28,  1912,  at  Riverside,  he  married  Miss  Neva  A. 
Campbell,  a  native  of  that  city.  Her  father,  .Mbert  P.  Campbell,  is  a 
pioneer  of  Riverside  County  and  widely  known  for  his  work  as  a  high- 
way engineer.  For  sixteen  years  he  served  as  city  engineer  of  Riverside 
and  was  highway  commissioner  of  Riverside  County  from  191.^  to  1918, 
in  which  period  nearly  all  the  important  paved  roads  were  constructed. 
He  is  now  engineer  for  the  Fresno  County  Highway  Commission.  Mr. 
Campbell  stands  hio'h  in  Masonic  circles  in  the  state.  The  two  children 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kellev  are  Claire  Elizabeth,  born  June  11,  1918,  and 
Campbell  Kelley,  born  April  17,  1920. 

Capt.  Robert  Rosworth  in  his  eightieth  year  enjoyed  the  beautv 
and  prosperity  of  his  oran.ee  trees  and  home  at  Hi.ghlands  and  looked 
back  over  a  record  of  experiences  that  make  him  one  of  the  most  widely 
traveled  of  men  and  proved  him  a  man  of  the  old  American  type  in  which 
enterpri'^e.  courage  and  daring  were  predominant  qualities.  Captain 
Rosworth  lived  in  San  Bernardino  county  for  over  thirty  years,  and  came 
here  .soon  after  he  retired  from  the  sea.  He  passed  away  in  his  eightieth 
year  September   10,   1921. 

He  was  born  at  Rath,  Maine.  May  29,  1842,  son  of  Robert  and  Mary 
Ann  (McDonald)  Bosworth.  His  father  was  also  born  at  Bath  while 
his  mother  was  a  native  of  Roxburv,  Massachusetts.  Robert  Bosworth 
■^oent  all  his  active  life  at  sea  and  was  captain  of  American  vessels. 
Robert  Jr.  was  the  youngest  among  four  daughters  and  two  sons. 

He  acquired  his  early  education  at  Bath  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen 
went  to  'iea  as  a  sailor  before  the  mast.  For  twenty-seven  years  there 
was  hardly  an  interruption  to  his  sea-faring  experience.  For  eleven 
consecutive  years,   with   only   two   weeks  at  home,   he   was  on   the  high 


984         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

seas.  On  his  first  voyage  he  sailed  with  a  coasting  vessel  from  Bath  to 
Mobile,  Aj'here  he  shipped  for  Antwerp,  then  to  Cardiff  and  back  to  New 
York.  From  a  common  sailor  he  was  promoted  to  second  mate,  first 
mate,  and  for  twenty  years  was  a  captain.  In  his  home  at  Highlands 
is  a  painting  of  his  first  ship,  the  "Freeman  Clark."  Later  he  was 
captain  and  part  owner  of  the  ship  Thresher  which  was  lost  when  tugs 
towed  her  on  an  uncharted  reef  or  rock.  The  insurance  having  ex- 
pired Captain  Bosworth  suffered  a  total  loss.  As  captain  he  sailed  over 
all  seas  and  to  nearly  all  ports.  He  rounded  Cape  Horn  twenty  times 
and  Cape  Good  Hope  eight  times,  spent  two  years  in  the  East  India  trade, 
making  calls  at  such  ports  as  Calcutta,  Rangoon,  Burmah,  Hong  Kong, 
and  over  the  China  Sea  and  around  the  Philippines.  He  piloted  vessels 
through  the  China  Sea  when  piracy  still  existed,  and  he  has  seen  victims 
with  tongues  cut  out  and  set  adrift  by  the  pirates.  At  one  time  a  vessel 
not  far  from  his  was  set  upon  by  a  band  one  afternoon  and  the  captain 
and  crew  killed.  During  his  days  as  a  sailor  his  ship  was  wrecked 
during  the  winter  on  the  north  coast  of  Ireland,  the  vessel  going  to 
pieces  and  the  crew  escaping  in  small  boats. 

Captain  Bosworth  married  Miss  Harriet  Blake  who  was  born  at 
Rumford,  Maine,  May  23,  1849.  Her  mother  was  a  native  of  Rumford 
of  English  ancestry  and  her  father  was  a  minister  of  the  Gospel  for 
fifty-two  years.  Mrs.  Bosworth  after  her  marriage  had  her  home  in 
the  cabin  of  her  husband's  vessel,  and  for  many  years  sailed  the  seas 
and  has  visited  all  the  important  cities  and  capitals  of  the  world.  When 
General  Grant  and  party  in  their  world  tour  reached  Calcutta,  Captain 
Bosworth  and  wife  were  invited  guests  at  the  great  reception  tendered 
him,  attended  by  India's  royalty  and  nobility,  and  Mrs.  Bosworth  speaks 
interestingly  of  the  magnificence  of  that  assembly  and  has  a  true  woman's 
memory  for  the  jewels,  camel  hair  shawls,  diamonds  and  pearls  and  other 
precious  stones  that  gave  brilliance  to  the  party.  Captain  Bosworth 
followed  the  seas  when  the  American  merchant  marine  was  still  supreme 
and  when  there  was  an  American  flag  flying  from  the  masthead  in  nearly 
every  port  he  entered.  An  American  vessel  was  the  first  ship  sought 
by  heavy  shippers. 

On  retiring  from  the  sea  Captain  Bosworth  came  to  California  and 
in  1888  purchased  at  Highlands  ten  acres  of  land.  It  was  entirely  un- 
improved, covered  with  rocks  and  brush,  but  had  an  exceptional  location 
as  subsequent  events  have  proved.  He  had  the  land  cleared,  leveled  and 
planted  to  oranges,  built  his  home  on  Atlantic  street,  and  his  widow  is 
now  owner  of  one  of  the  finest  groves  in  the  county,  comprising  fifteen 
acres.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Gold  Buckle  Orange  Association  and 
during  1919-1920-1921  his  crop  was  marketed  through  this  association 
with  a  gross  revenue  of  thirty  thousand  dollars.  A  sea-faring  man. 
Captain  Bosworth  never  drove  a  horse  until  he  came  to  Santa  Barbara 
in  1888.  Captain  and  Mrs.  Bosworth  have  one  son,  Robert  Jr.,  who 
is  unmarried  and  lives  with  his  parents. 

Charles  Wesley  Filkins  will  always  be  remembered  in  Riverside, 
not  alone  as  an  upbuilder  of  prominence  and  achievement,  but  for  his 
lovable  qualities  which  made  every  one  with  whom  he  came  in  contact 
his  personal  friend.  During  his  residence  in  Riverside  he  was  never  in 
robust  health,  yet  he  accomplished  much  for  the  betterment  and  progress 
not  only  of  his  chosen  home  and  county  but  for  Southern  California. 

He  had  a  keen  appreciation  of  values,  not  alone  in  concrete  form  but 
ill  the  abstract,  and  could  visualize  what  the  future  held  for  this  district 
if  its  latent  possibilities  could  be  wi.sely  developed.  This  he  did  himself 
in  many  cases,  and  gave  his  energies  and  means  for  the  furtherance  of 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        985 

many  enterprises  and  projects,  and  today  they  stand  as  monuments 
to  his  memory.    Some  of  them  for  all  time  to  come. 

In  the  last  years  of  his  life,  when  his  physical  infirmities  confined  and 
prisoned  him  bodily,  his  outlook  on  life  was  invariably,  cheerful  and 
optimistic  and  he  bore  his  burden  of  pain  silently,  never  referring  to  i.t 
himself.  From  the  record  of  his  life  many  valuable  lessons  may  be 
gleaned.  To  the  time  of  his  passing  he  aided  in  many  ways  those  who 
came  to  him  for  help,  no  appeal  being  in  vain. 

Mr.  Filkins  was  born  in  Saratoga  Springs,  New  York,  in  1844,  the 
son  of  Seneca  and  Mary  (Haines)  Filkins.  His  grandfather,  Daniel 
Filkins,  was  a  native  of  England  but  came  to  America  at  an  early  age, 
settling  in  Saratoga  County.  He  owned  many  estates  in  that  county,  and 
his  son  Seneca  was  born  also  in  Saratoga  Springs,  but  he  did  not  remain 
long  in  that  state,  removing  to  Lapeer  County,  Michigan,  where  he  lived 
upon  his  country  estates  until  his  death.  His  wife  was  also  a  native  of 
New  York  State,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Haines,  a  merchant  and  promi- 
nent in  the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Church.  Mrs.  Filkins  was  of  an  old 
Holland-Dutch  family,  her  mother  having  been  a  Miss  Wynkook,  one  of 
her  ancestors  being  Anneka  Jans  of  New  York. 

C.  \V.  Filkins  received  a  good  education  in  New  York  State,  and  at 
one  time  was  a  student  of  Schenectady  College.  He  had  three  brothers, 
George  M.,  a  member  of  the  Tenth  Illinois  Cavalry,  who  lost  his  life  in 
one  of  the  Civil  war  battles ;  William,  who  died  in  Topeka,  Kansas,  and 
Daniel  D.,  a  veterinary  surgeon  now  residing  in  Kansas. 

One  of  the  regrets  of  Mr.  Filkins'  life  was  that  he  could  not  serve 
in  the  war  of  the  rebellion.  He  volunteered  at  the  commencement,  but 
was  rejected.  After  the  war,  in  1866,  he  went  to  St.  Paul,  Minnesota, 
and  there  conducted  a  wholesale  dry  goods  business  for  nearly  twelve 
years.  Then  his  health  became  the  first  consideration  and  he  sold  out 
and  removed  to  San  Francisco.  While  in  St.  Paul  he  was  buyer  for  the 
firm  and  in  California  he  was  a  traveling  salesman  for  a  time.  Then  his 
wife's  health  impelled  their  removal  to  Riverside. 

Mr.  Filkins'  mother  passed  on  when  he  was  a  small  boy.  so  that  despite 
his  frailness  he  became  very  self  reliant,  having  practically  to  rear  him- 
self. He  was  in  many  ways  a  self-made  man,  and  when  he  arrived  in 
Riverside  he  knew  he  had  reached  a  land  of  opportunity.  This  was  in 
1880.  and  after  trying  out.  tentatively,  several  proiects,  he  was,  in  1881. 
appointed  po.stmaster  of  Riverside  bv  President  Garfield.  He  held  the 
position  under  President  .'Arthur,  resigning,  however,  in  1885,  but  was 
not  released  until  urgent  telegrams  from  him  finally  forced  recognition. 

Previous  to  resiening  he  had  invested  in  an  orange  grove  here  and 
one  in  Redlands.  He  was  interested  in  real  estate  in  Riverside,  and  im- 
proved a  twenty  acre  tract  sixteen  miles  west  of  Riverside.  He  was 
interested  also  in  horses  and  raised  many  standard  breeds  of  the  Strath- 
more  and  Inka  strains. 

Mr.  Filkins  was  never  contented  with  one  or  two  enterprises,  and  he 
conceived  the  idea  of  the  town  of  Banning.  Associated  with  him  in  the 
organization  of  the  stock  company  known  as  the  Banning  Land  and  Water 
Company  was  Theodore  H.  Hofer,  Evan  Williams,  Jacob  Klein  and 
George  W.  Bryant  of  Carson  City,  Nevada.  Mr.  Filkins  was  riding 
through  what  is  now  Banning,  then  a  land  of  sage  brush  and  cactus,  and 
decided  that  irrigation  could  make  a  paradise  of  it.  A  colony  was  also 
formed  for  the  town,  which  had  been  laid  out  eighty-eight  miles  east  of 
Los  Angeles  in  1883,  more  than  justified  his  faith  in  it.  A  flume 
had  been  constructed  by  a  lumber  company  to  bring  down  cord  wood  from 
the  mountains  to  the  Southern  Pacific  Railway,  and  as  the  land  was  alkali, 


986        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

cement  ditches  were  constructed  at  points  in  the  mountains  through  which 
the  water  flowed.  Banning  has  grown  into  a  real  town,  and  the  wilderness 
has  been  turned  into  orchards  of  many  varieties  of  fruits.  The  company 
put  over  two  thousand  acres  of  land  under  water,  and  it  has  been  culti- 
vated until  today  not  only  fruit  but  large  crops  of  grain  are  raised.  This 
was  a  project  of  great  importance,  and  Mr.  Filkins  was  the  originator  of 
the  idea,  buying  the  land  and  water,  laying  pipe  and  building  ditches. 

Mr.  Filkins  had  a  narrow  escape  from  sudden  death  when,  in  1888, 
he  was  present  at  the  time  John  Oakes  killed  E.  H.  Morse,  cashier  of  the 
San  Bernardino  National  Bank.  He  had  gone  into  the  bank,  spoken  to 
Mr.  Morse  and  was  standing  at  the  check  desk  when  he  heard  a  shot  fired 
and  turned  to  see  Oakes  standing  at  the  cashier's  window  with  a  pistol 
in  his  hand  and  Mr.  Morse  trying  to  get  his  pistol  out  of  his  pocket. 
Oakes  fired  again  and  dodged  down  under  the  window.  Mr.  Morse 
shot  through  the  counter  and  Mr.  Filkins  said  "Now  you've  got  him 
Ted,"  whereupon  Oakes  shot  at  him,  the  bullet  going  through  his  over- 
coat, coat  and  vest  and  striking  his  watch  and  lodging  in  the  case.  As 
Mr.  Oakes  ran  out  of  the  bank  Mr.  Filkins  followed  him  and  saw  him 
put  under  arrest.  His  niece.  Miss  Edna  M.  Filkins,  has  the  bullet  in  her 
possession. 

In  1885  Mr.  Filkins  was  presented  with  a  fine  gold  watch  of  superb 
workmanship  by  the  men  he  had  interested  in  the  Banning  colony,  Messrs. 
Klein,  Hofer  and  Williams,  two  years  after  the  enterprise  was  started. 

Mr.  Filkins  was  married  in  St.  Helena.  Napa  County,  California,  to 
Miss  Ella  M.  Ball,  a  daughter  of  J.  D.  Ball,  a  native  of  Virginia,  who 
came  to  California  in  1854.  She  passed  on  in  the  winter  of  1902,  but  she 
will  be  remembered  as  not  only  a  friend  but  an  earnest  worker  in  many 
ways,  being  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Women's  Club  and  an  invaluable 
member  of  it.  Their  only  child  was  drowned  in  Riverside  in  his  fifteenth 
year.  When  Mrs.  Filkins  passed  away  the  niece  of  Mr.  Filkins,  Miss  Edna 
M.  Filkins,  daughter  of  his  youngest  brother,  Daniel  D.  Filkins,  tenderly 
cared  for  him,  giving  up  her  life  for  his  comfort  and  well  being.  In  their 
beautiful  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Filkins  the  committee  of  Ever- 
green Lodge  No.  259.  F.  and  A.  M..  made  especial  mention  of  her  care 
of  her  uncle  during  the  years  of  affliction  and  commended  her  sincerely. 
Miss  Filkins  is  now  a  Christian  Science  practitioner  of  Riverside. 

Mr.  Filkins  was  master  of  the  above  lodge  in  1892,  chaplin  of  the 
Grand  Lodge,  a  Shriner.  identified  with  Islam  Temple.  San  Francisco ; 
high  priest  of  the  local  chanter,  and  past  eminent  commander  of  San 
Bernardino  Commandery.  He  was  a  Mason  in  the  real  meaning  of  the 
word.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows,  a  past  noble  grand  in  office. 
In  politics  he  was  a  republican. 

Joseph  Schneider  has  been  fighting  Riverside  conflagrations  for  more 
than  twenty  years,  and  his  thorough  fitness  for  the  service  is  attested  by 
his  repeated  reappointment  as  chief  of  the  department.  He  was  one  of 
the  "call  men"  and  served  under  Captain  Keith,  the  first  chief,  when  the 
equipment  consisted  of  only  a  hand  pulled  hose  reel  and  a  hook  and  ladder. 

Chief  Schneider,  who  has  been  identified  with  the  good  citizenship 
of  Riverside  for  over  thirty-five  years,  was  born  in  Sainte  Marie,  Jasper 
County,  Illinois,  March  7,  1863,  son  of  Joseph  and  Theresa  Schneider. 
His  father,  a  native  of  Holland,  spent  his  active  life  in  the  LTnited  State.'^ 
as  a  merchant  and  farmer,  was  postmaster  of  Sainte  Marie  for  twenty 
years  or  more,  and  was  a  leading  republican  in  that  community.  His  wife 
was  a  native  of  Alsace-Lorraine  and  met  and  married  Mr.  Schneider  in 
Vincennes.  Indiana,  made  famous  bv  the  romance  "Alice  of  Old  Vin- 
cennes."     Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Schneider  were  devout  Cathohcs. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  ANU  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        987 

Joseph  Schneider  attended  pubHc  schools  to  the  age  of  thirteen,  and 
after  that  began  to  make  his  own  Hving.  For  a  time  he  worked  out  for 
neighboring  farmers,  and  later  with  his  father,  who  was  then  a  contractor 
in  railroad  construction.  For  a  time  he  was  a  section  hand  on  the  Wabash 
Railroad,  and  his  first  independent  business  undertaking  was  a  lunch 
counter  at  Bement,  Illinois.  From  there  he  lemoved  to  Decatur,  Illinois, 
and  conducted  a  lunch  counter  until  1886,  when  he  came  to  Southern  Cali- 
fornia. His  first  employment  at  Riverside  was  as  a  clerk  for  D.  A.  Car- 
rell  in  the  Blue  Front  Grocery.  In  1894  he  went  to  Ferris  and  for  a  year 
was  in  the  grocery  business  there.  On  returning  to  Riverside  he  conducted 
a  grocery  store  for  two  years,  selling  out,  and  then  joined  the  Witherspoon 
Crocery,  with  which  he  was  identified  until  1898. 

Mr.  Schneider  in  1898  was  eleced  constable  for  Riverside  Township, 
an  office  he 'held  until  1902.  On  April  15,  1901,  he  was  first  appointed 
chief  of  the  Riverside  Fire  Department,  and  has  recently  completed  twenty 
years  of  service  in  that  office.  Chief  Schneider  has  built  up  and  made 
the  fire  department  what  it  is  today,  a  motorized  .service  as  good  as  any 
in  the  country  in  a  city  of  this  size.  The  headquarters  station,  which 
is  allowed  ten  men,  is  a  fine  modern  building  on  West  Eighth  Street.  Chief 
Schneider  is  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Fire  Chiefs'  Association. 

He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  National  Guard  of  Califor- 
nia when  first  organized,  and  was  corporal  No.  6  of  Company  M,  Ninth 
Regiment.  He  is  a  republican,  and  so  far  as  his  official  duties  permit  has 
been  active  in  party  affairs.  He  is  a  past  noble  grand  of  Riverside  Lodge 
No.  282,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  is  past  chief  patriarch  of 
the  Encampment,  and  for  two  years  was  captain  of,the  Canton.  He  joined 
the  Riverside  Lodge  of  Elks  No.  643  soon  after  it  was  started,  was  esquire 
two  years,  and  has  since  held  the  post  of  tyler. 

November  4.  1890.  Mr.  Schneider  married  Miss  Nettie  C.  Jackson, 
who  was  born  at  St.  Catherine,  Ontario.  Canada.  They  have  two  children : 
Rena  C,  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  High  School  and  an  employe  of  the 
Southern  Sierras  Company  ;  and  Muriel  M.,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the 
Riverside  High  School  and  the  Los  Angeles  Normal  School,  and  is  now 
engaged  in  teaching. 

Albert  N.  Tefft — One  of  the  younger  generation  of  Riverside's  busi- 
ness men,  Albert  N.  Tefft  has  in  a  comparatively  brief  period  of  time 
established  himself  successfully  in  his  chosen  line  of  work.  And  this  in 
the  face  of  the  difficulties  attendant  upon  the  fact  that  he  started  in  prac- 
tically with  no  means  and  had  to  work  for  two  years  for  others  before 
he  could  embark  in  business  for  himself.  Confident  in  the  knowledge 
of  his  thorough  training  for  the  business,  all  he  needed  was  the  chance 
to  open  a  place  to  demonstrate  his  ability.  Since  then  he  has  had  a  most 
liberal  patronage. 

While  Mr.  Tefft  has  not  been  identified  with  the  business  life  of  River- 
side for  a  long  term  of  years,  he  has  the  welfare  of  his  chosen  home  very 
much  at  heart  and,  conservative  in  all  business  matters,  he  is  a  hearty 
booster  for  everything  pertaining  to  the  civic  advancement  and  uplift  of 
the  community. 

Before  coming  to  Riverside  Mr.  Tefft  had  a  thorough  training  in  stone 
work  and  in  the  art  of  finishing  marble  and  granite  in  the  largest  quarry 
of  the  country,  and  today  he  has  the  finest  marble  and  granite  yard  in 
Southern  California  outside  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles.  He  always  uses 
the  best  materials  and  executes  designs  of  all  kinds,  turning  out  the  highest 
grade  of  work. 

Mr.  Tefft  was  born  in  Chicago.  September  6,  1884.  the  son  of  Seymour 
A.  and  Susan  Eliza  (Fairbanks)  Tefft.    Seymour  A.  Tefft  is  a  native  of 


988        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Saratoga  Springs,  New  York,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in  newspaper 
work  in  Idaho  l^alls,  Idaho.  He  came  West  with  his  family  in  March, 
1906,  settHng  in  Beilingham,  Washington,  where  he  took  up  newspaper 
work,  which  he  has  followed  ever  since.  While  in  Saratoga  Springs  he 
was  a  member  of  the  police  commission  of  that  city.  He  comes  from  an 
old  American  family  of  Scotch  descent,  the  origmal  name  being  Taft, 
of  which  ex-President  Taft  and  ex-Secretary  of  War  Alfonzo  Taft  were 
descendants.  Dr.  Edward  Telft,  the  noted  surgeon  of  New  York  City, 
was  a  cousin  of  Seymour's  grandfather.  The  father  of  Seymour  during 
the  Civil  war  served  as  a  volunteer  in  the  Seventh  New  York  Volunteers 
and  took  part  in  many  important  engagements,  among  them  the  Battle 
of  the  Wilderness. 

The  ancestry  of  Mrs.  Seymour  A.  Tefft,  who  died  at  Beilingham, 
Washington,  in  March,  1917.  dates  back  to  three  Fairbanks  brothers  who 
came  from  Fairbank,  England,  in  1636.  This  family  has  produced  many 
noted  men,  including  the  vice  president  of  that  name  and  the  manufac- 
turers of  the  famous  Fairbank  scales. 

Albert  N.  Tefft  received  his  education  in  the  public  schools  and  the 
People's  Academy  of  Morrisville,  Vermont,  and  then  he  engaged  in  and 
learned  the  laundry  business.  His  next  move  was  to  the  quarries  of 
Barre,  Vermont,  the  largest  quarries  in  the  world,  where  he  learned  the 
trade  of  stone  cutting  and  granite  finishing  from  the  two  oldest  firms  in 
existence.  Since  starting  his  business  in  Riverside  he  has  been  buying 
much  of  his  material  from  those  firms. 

Mr.  Tefft  came  West  in  April,  1906,  joining  his  father  in  Beilingham, 
W'ashington,  and  he  remained  there  until  1910,  when  he  went  to  Tacoma, 
W^ashington,  where  he  stayed  until  1912.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  he 
went  to  Los  Angeles,  moving  to  Riverside  in  1913. 

He  is  a  director  in  the  Tip  Top  Laundry  of  Riverside  and  is  inter- 
ested in  the  violin  manufacturing  business  with  his  uncle,  G.  C.  Lindsey, 
in  Los  Angeles.  The  company  is  known  under  the  name  of  the  Interna- 
tional Violin  Accessory  Company,  which  puts  out  the  famous  Lindsey 
violin. 

During  the  time  of  the  World  war  Mr.  Tefft  was  corporal  of  the  Home 
Guards,  and  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  new  16th  Separate  Company, 
N.  G.  C,  and  he  worked  up  to  the  position  of  sergeant  in  this  company. 

Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Evergreen  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.. 
and  is  noble  grand  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  having 
worked  through  all  the  chairs.  He  has  also  passed  through  the  chairs  of 
the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  being  past  counsel  of  Mangolia  Lodge  No.  92. 
Mr.  Tefft  is  a  member  of  the  Granite  Manufacturers  Association  of  San 
Francisco,  the  Monumental  Retailers  Association  of  Los  Angeles  and  the 
Business  Men's  Association  of  Riverside.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Men's 
Club  of  the  All  Saints  Episcopal  Church,  and  was  its  first  secretary  and 
treasurer.  In  politics  he  is  a  republican  and  has  always  taken  an  active 
part  in  local  matters,  being  a  member  of  the  Young  Men's  Republicarf 
Club. 

At  Beilingham.  W^ashington,  he  married  Miss  Dorothy  Phillips,  of 
Plattsburg,  New  York,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  W^.  Phillips.  On  her  fa- 
ther's side  she  is  a  descendant  of  the  Prindle  family  of  Scotland  and  of 
the  Hudson  familv  of  Eneland  on  her  mother's  side.  ]\Ir.  and  Mrs.  Tefft 
are  the  parents  of  two  children,  Dorothea  Jnne  and  Tona  Fairbanks  Tefft, 
both  attending  school. 

Alfred  P.  Harwood — .Mfred  P.  Harwood  was  born  at  Bennineton. 
Vermont,  on  the  19th  of  November,  1838.  a  son  of  Hiram  and  Eliza 
Haswell  Harwood.     Of  Englisli  lineage,  the  Harwoods  came  to  Massa- 


^^v  I ,cA/ajAiris^Ql 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIXERSIDE  COUNTIES         98<1 

chusetts  in  1630.  They  were  among  the  founders  of  Bennington. 
Vermont,  and  were  all  substantial  farmers.  The  first  white  child  born 
in  Bennington  was  Benjamin  Harwood.  Mr.  Harwood  had  a  grandfather, 
a  great-grandfather  and  a  great-great-grandfather  in  the  Revolutionary 
War.  His  father  lived  to  the  age  of  ninety-two  and  his  mother  died  in 
her  hundredth  year.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Anthony  Haswell,  the 
founder  of  the  Vermont  Gazette  at  Bennington,  the  first  paper  established 
in  that  locality.  He  was  also  postmaster-general  of  Vermont  for  several 
years.  Mr.  Harwood  had  two  brothers  and  three  sisters,  all  but  one  of 
whom  are  still  living.  He  was  educated  in  the  country  schools  and  later 
attended  the  Bennington  Academy.  As  he  was  the  youngest  of  the  three 
sons,  he  remained  at  home  to  help  his  father  while  his  brothers  attended 
college. 

In  1864  he  joined  his  father's  family  in  Crystal  Lake,  Illinois.  Here 
he  met  and  married  Margaret  J.  Burton,  a  native  of  Massachusetts,  the 
daughter  of  Stephen  and  Charlotte  Jackson  Burton.  They  were  married 
November  23,  1864.  In  1868  he  went  to  Springfield,  Missouri,  where  he 
became  land  agent  for  what  is  now  part  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad.  He 
held  this  position  for  fifteen  years.  He  was  one  of  the  charter  members 
of  the  Springfield  Congregational  Church  and  was  influential  in  the  found- 
ing of   Drury  College. 

In  1888  Mr.  Harwood  came  to  California  and  established  his  perma- 
nent home  in  Upland,  which  was  then  included  in  Ontario  Colony.  He 
and  his  brother  owned  a  one-fifth  interest  in  the  Ontario  Land  Company 
which  brought  out  the  Chafifey  interests  in  the  Ontario  Colony.  When 
this  company  distributed  its  land,  Mr.  Harwood  and  his  brother,  Charles 
E.  Harwood,  took  the  land  lying  north  of  the  Santa  Fe  tracks,  known  as 
the  Magnolia  Tract.  They  set  this  out  and  sold  it  on  terms  easily  met. 
making  it  possible  for  many  to  own  their  own  homes.  They  believed 
that  this  made  for  the  upbuilding  of  a  desirable  community.  Mr.  Har- 
wood took  an  active  part  in  the  organization  of  the  California  Fruit 
Growers'  Exchange,  and  represented  the  O.  K.  Exchange  as  a  director  in 
the  organization  for  sixteen  years.  He  helped  organize  the  Citizens 
Bank  of  Ontario,  the  Commercial  National  and  the  Citizens  Savings 
banks  of  Upland.  Of  these  banks  he  has  been  a  director  since  the  time 
of  their  incorporation.  He  has  been  the  president  of  the  People's  Mutual 
Building  and  Loan  Association  of  Ontario  for  thirty  years.  Mr.  Harwood 
has  always  been  a  loyal  republican,  but  has  repeatedly  refused  political 
offices  of  every  kind. 

In  November,  1914,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harwood  celebrated  their  Golden 
Wedding  Anniversary,  and  less  than  a  year  later,  Mrs.  Harwood  died,  on 
the  19th  of  October,  1915.  They  had  si.x  children,  of  whom  three  are 
living,  two  daughters,  Mrs.  B.  A.  Woodford  of  Claremont,  California, 
and  Mrs.  E.  W^.  Thaver  of  Upland,  and  one  son,  Frank  H.  Harwood  of 
San  Dimas,  California. 

W^^LTER  D.wiD  Clark — Permanent  success  is  not  attained  in  a  mo- 
ment, nor  does  it  reward  the  worthless.  Rather  it  is  the  legitimate  out- 
growth of  definitely  laid  plans,  earnest  and  steadfast  endeavor  and  hon- 
orable action  on  the  part  of  the  worth-while  man.  W'alter  David  Clark, 
proprietor  of  the  extensive  business  at  Riverside  conducted  under  hi'; 
name,  is  a  man  whose  salient  characteristic  is  shown  in  the  title  he  has 
long  held,  that  of  "The  Prompt  Printer,"  and  during  the  thirty-one  years 
'he  has  conducted  this  plant  in  the  city  he  has  proven  in  every  way  his 
ability,  public-spirit  and  his  worthiness  for  the  patronage  of  his  fellow 
citizens.  That  he  has  received  it  in  a  generous  degree  is  shown  by  his 
present  prosperity  and  commercial  standing. 


990         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Walter  David  Clark  was  born  in  Chicago,  Illinois,  March  24,  1864, 
a  son  of  Charles  Henry  and  Lavina  Church  (Bangs)  Clark,  both  of  whom 
are  now  deceased.  Charles  Henry  Clark  was  born  in  New  Hampshire,  a 
member  of  a  family  of  Revolutionary  stock,  of  English  ancestry.  The 
name  was  without  doubt  originally  spelled  "Clerk."  Charles  H.  Clark's 
wife  was  born  at  Phillips,  Maine,  and  she,  too,  came  of  Revolutionary 
stock.  Her  ancestors  were  emigrants  from  England  to  the  American 
Colonies  in  1623. 

A  contractor  and  builder,  Charles  H.  Clark  found  ample  opportunity 
to  exercise  his  skill  at  Chicago,  and  in  that  city  his  son  Walter  David  re- 
ceived his  education  up  to  the  time  he  was  iifteen  years  old  in  the  public 
schools.  At  that  time  his  father  was  taken  ill,  and  he,  as  the  eldest  of 
six  children,  had  to  become  self-supporting.  This  he  was  better  able  to 
do  than  most  boys  of  his  age  as  from  the  time  he  was  eleven  years  old 
he  had  earned  money  with  a  little  printing  outfit  he  owned,  working  after 
school  and  on  holidays.  Having  proven  his  ability,  he  entered  his  appren- 
ticeship to  the  printing  trade  and  served  for  six  years  as  pressman  and 
job  compositor,  and  then  worked  as  a  journeyman  for  a  time. 

In  1886  Mr.  Clark  came  West  to  Los  Angeles,  California,  and  after 
five  years  in  that  city  came  to  Riverside,  where  he  formed,  in  1892,  a 
])artnership  with  John  B.  Walters,  under  the  firm  name  of  Walters  & 
Clark.  The  place  of  business  of  the  new  firm  was  at  the  northwest  corner 
of  Ninth  and  Main  streets,  under  the  old'  Riverside  Bank,  then  known 
as  the  Dyer  Bank.  After  three  years  in  that  location  the  business  was 
moved  to  the  southwest  corner  of  Eighth  and  Orange  streets,  adjoining 
the  old  Riverside  Enterprise  office,  which  was  then  conducted  by  Mark 
R.  Plaisted.  Mr.  Clark  remained  in  those  quarters  until  1900,  and  then 
moved  to  his  present  location  at  619-621  Eighth  Street,  going  into  his 
building  when  it  was  first  erected.  He  has  a  modern,  up-to-date  printing 
|)lant  and  specializes  on  the  commercial  business  of  the  city.  During  the 
thirty-one  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  business  in  Riverside  he  has  seen 
many  changes,  and  it  is  probable  that  today  there  are  not  remaining  more 
than  six  men  still  in  business  who  were  his  contemporaries  when  he 
came  here.  For  the  past  thirty  years  he  has  been  an  active  member  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association, 
and  has  been  a  forceful  factor  in  municipal  affairs,  for  he  has  always  had 
the  good  of  Riverside  at  heart  and  striven  to  do  all  in  his  power  to' 
advance  its  interests  in  every  possible  way.  Independent  in  politics,  he 
has  given  his  support  to  the  men  he  deemed  would  best  administer  the 
city  afi^airs,  rather  than  confining  himself  to  any  one  party.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Riverside  city  council  as  a  representative  of  the  progressive- 
republicans,  and  while  in  that  body  played  a  constructive  part  in  behalf 
of  the  city.  A  charter  member  of  the  Present  Day  Club,  he  has  par- 
ticipated in  all  of  its  very  important  work  since  its  organization  in  1902, 
is  now  its  secretary  and  has  held  that  position  since  1911.  When  he 
assumed  the  duties  of  that  office  the  total  membership  of  this  club  was 
only  150  members,  but  it  now  has  over  700  members  and  is  steadily  grow- 
mg.  It  is  an  open  forum,  and  a  vital  force  in  all  matters  pertaining  to 
the  public  welfare.  Mr.  Clark  was  the  first  president  of  the  Orange  Belt 
Employing  Printers  Association,  which  includes  the  printers  of  Riverside 
and  San  Bernardino  counties,  and  has  given  much  of  his  time  in  order 
to  benefit  his  craft.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Riverside  Busi- 
ness Men's  Association,  and  served  it  as  a  director  for  several  terms. 
Well-known  in  Masonry,  he  belongs  to  Evergreen  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  Riverside  Chapter,  R.  A.  M.,  Riverside  Commmandery,  the  Mystic 
Shrine,  A.  A.  O.  N.  M.  S.,  of  Los  Angeles,  and  of  Ungava  Chapter, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        991 

O.  E.  S.  He  is  connected  as  a  member  with  the  Riverside  Fair  Associa- 
tion and  the  Riverside  Farm  Bureau.  Riverside  Lodge,  1.  O.  O.  F.,  holds 
his  membership,  as  does  the  Fraternal  Brotherhood  and  the  Royal  Ar- 
canum, of  which  he  is  a  past  regent  and  a  life  member  of  the  Grand 
Council,  his  connection  with  this  last  named  order  dating  back  thirty- 
seven  years.  He  is  past  chief  ranger  of  the  Foresters  of  America  and 
has  been  a  delegate  to  its  Grand  Lodge,  having  joined  this  order  when  it 
was  organized  at  Riverside  in  1893.  This  lodge  today  is  known  as  Court 
Citrus.  He  is  now  a  director  and  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Kiwanis 
Club,  organized  at  Riverside  in  1920,  and  takes  a  deep  and  abiding  interest 
in  all  of  these  organizations. 

On  May  1,  1889,  Mr.  Clark  married  at  Los  Angeles,  California,  Helen 
A.  Brainerd,  a  native  of  Wisconsin  and  a  daughter  of  Emmons  E.  Brain- 
erd,  a  contractor  of  that  city  and  a  member  of  an  old  American  family 
of  English  descent.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Clark  became  the  parents  of  two  chil- 
dren, Edith  and  Walter  Dickson.  The  daughter  married  Prof.  Robert 
McDill  Ross,  director  of  manual  training  in  the  Sebastopol,  California, 
High  School.  They  have  one  daughter.  Elizabeth.  The  son  is  engaged 
in  the  printing  business  with  his  father.  During  the  World  war  Walter 
Dickson  Clark  was  overseas  as  a  member  of  the  Twenty-first  Air  Squad- 
ron, to  which  he  was  transferred  from  the  Eighty-fifth  Squadron.  He 
received  his  honorable  discharge  after  the  signing  of  the  armistice,  having 
been  in  the  service  nearly  two  years.  He  belongs  to  the  Masonic  frater- 
nity, the  Elks  and  the  Greek  Letter  fraternity  Gamma  Epsilon  Kappa,  of 
the  Riverside  High  School. 

The  elder  Mr.  Clark  belongs  to  the  Riverside  Baptist  Church,  and  has 
held  this  connection  for  thirty  years,  and  for  fifteen  years  has  been  church 
clerk.  He  is  a  life  member  of  the  Bangs  Descendants,  a  family  organiza- 
tion formed  to  perpetuate  the  memory  and  traditions  of  the  Bangs  family. 
Mr.  Clark  has  a  most  delightful  personality.  Sincere,  convincing  and 
genial,  he  possesses  the  power  to  win  friends  easily  and  to  hold  them  firmly 
attached  to  him  thereafter.  It  would  be  impossible  in  an  article  of  the 
brevity  of  this  one  to  do  more  than  touch  upon  the  many  activities  of 
this  really  remarkable  man  and  public-spirited  citizen,  for  he  has  accom- 
plished so  much  and  been  connected  with  so  many  and  varied  enterprises, 
and  always  to  their  betterment,  that  space  forbids  the  going  into  details. 
Suffice  to  say  that  whenever  the  occasion  has  arisen  Mr.  Clark  has  not 
only  been  found  willing  but  ready  and  competent  to  do  whatever  was 
asked  of  him,  and  that  he  did  everything  gladly,  cheerfullv  and  efficiently, 
gaining  not  only  the  gratitude  but  also  the  respect  of  all  with  whom  he 
has  ever  been  associated. 

K  D  Harger — While  he  is  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Michigan 
and  the  Kent  College  of  Law  with  the  degree  LL.B.,  Class  1895,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  bar,  Mr.  Harger  during  his  residence  in  the 
city  for  over  twentv  years  has  been  identified  lareely  with  the  title  busi- 
ness and  public  affairs.  For  the  past  seven  years  he  has  been  postmaster 
of  Riverside. 

Mr.  Harger  was  born  at  West  Bloomfield,  Oakland  Countv,  Michigan. 
December  8,  1856.  His  original  ancestors  were  English,  but  some  of 
the  family  were  driven  to  Holland  as  political  refugees,  and  from  there 
two  brothers  emigrated,  one  to  this  country  and  one  to  .A.ustralia.  Joel  P. 
Harger,  father  of  K  D  Harg^er,  was  born  in  New  York  State,  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation,  and  during  the  Civil  war  was  rejected  by  the 
recruiting  officer  on  account  of  a  physical  defect.  For  many  years  he 
was  supervisor  of  his  district. 


992         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

K  D  Harger  attended  the  district  and  high  schools  of  Pontiac,  Michi- 
gan, and  graduated  Bachelor  of  Science  from  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  1884.  For  a  year  he  taught  in  Michigan  country  schools,  for  one  year 
was  in  a  village  school  in  Alabama,  and  for  four  years  in  the  high  school 
of  Burlington,  Iowa.  He  rounded  out  ten  years  of  educational  work,  with 
four  years  as  principal  of  the  high  school  at  Elgin,  Illinois.  In  the  mean- 
time he  took  up  the  study  of  law  and  in  June,  1895,  received  his  LL.  B. 
degree  from  Kent  College  of  Law  at  Chicago.  He  remained  in  that  city 
and  practiced  for  four  years,  and  in  1898  came  to  California.  The  bulk 
of  his  legal  work  was  court  practice  in  perfecting  titles  for  the  Riverside 
Abstract  Company.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Riverside  Abstract  Company 
and  the  Title  Insurance  Company  of  Riverside.  He  was  also  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  Peoples  Trust  &  Savings  Bank,  and  was  its  director 
and  secretary. 

President  Wilson  appointed  him  postmaster  of  Riverside  January  27, 
1914,  and  he  is  now  in  his  second  term.  The  Post  Office  building  had 
been  occupied  one  year  when  he  took  office.  Mr.  Harger  has  been  active 
locally  in  democratic  politics,  serving  a  number  of  times  as  chairman  of 
the  County  Central  Committee.  At  one  time  he  was  candidate  for  the 
Assembly,  and  in  1910  candidate  for  mayor.  He  did  all  he  could  for  the 
ticket  during  the  Wilson  campaign  and  never  thought  of  office,  but  when 
Wilson  was  elected  the  Central  Committee  with  one  voice  said  "post- 
master." While  a  resident  of  Michigan  he  was  elected  and  served  a  term 
as  school  commissioner. 

Mr.  Harger  is  a  Royal  Arch  Mason,  is  past  chancellor  commander 
of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  a  member  of  the  Junior  Order  United 
American  Mechanics.  He  has  served  as  one  of  the  deacons  of  the  Con- 
gregational church  at  Riverside. 

At  Rochester,  Michigan,  August  17,  1889.  he  married  Maria  Mc- 
Donald, who  was  born  there,  and  her  father,  Benjamin  McDonald,  was 
a  pioneer  farmer  in  that  locality.  Her  father  was  active  during  the  Civil 
war  in  recruiting  duty.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harger  have  two  children :  Donald 
K,  a  student  at  Stanford  University,  and  Solon  Burt,  a  high  school 
student. 

William  J.  Mills,  now  engaged  at  Riverside  in  the  manufacture  of 
bodies  and  wheels  for  automobiles,  is  a  man  who  has  struggled  hard 
against  adversity  and  come  out  victorious  in  spite  of  discouragements 
which  would  have  induced  another  man  to  declare  that  fate  was  against 
him,  and  because  of  his  courage  and  determination  is  all  the  more  en- 
titled to  credit  for  his  prosperity.  He  is  a  man  who  understands  his  busi- 
ness in  every  detail  and  is  recognized  as  one  who  not  only  lives  up  to  the 
letter  of  his  promises,  but  the  spirit  as  well. 

The  birth  of  Mr.  Mills  took  place  in  Ontario.  Canada,  July  28.  1857, 
and  he  is  a  son  of  James  and  Catherine  (Hanley)  Mills,  natives  of  Can- 
ada. James  Mills,  now  deceased,  was  a  carpenter  by  trade,  and  during 
the  last  years  of  his  life  he  resided  at  Dacre,  Ontario,  Canada,  where 
he  conducted  a  tavern.  During:  one  period  of  his  life  he  was  postmaster 
at  Balmer  Island.  Canada.  He  came  from  an  old  English  family  of 
Irish  extraction.  Mrs.  Mills  survives  her  husband  and  is  now  living  with 
a  daughter  in  Canada,  being  in  her  eightv-sixth  year,  and  in  spite  of  her 
aee  is  in  excellent  health  and  in  the  enjoyment  of  life.  She,  too,  is  of 
Irish  extraction. 

William  J.  Mills  received  his  educational  training  in  the  public  schools 
of  Canada,  and  when  he  was  sixteen  years  old  beean  to  learn  carriage 
building  at  Renfrew,  Ontario.  Canada.  After  he  had  thoroughly  mas- 
tered his  trade  he  came  to  the  United  States,  in  1887,  and  located  at  River- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        993 

side.  I'"or  n  lime  he  \\oiked  at  carpenteriiis;,  and  later  at  his  trade  for 
Clarence  Stewart,  a  carriage  manufacturer.  After  a  year  Mr.  Stewart 
sold  his  business  to  ex-Mayor  Peters,  and  Mr.  Mills  continued  to  work 
for  the  new  firm  of  Thayer  «&  Peters  for  several  years. 

In  1891  Mr.  Mills  embarked  in  a  business  of  his  own,  opening  a  shop 
at  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Orange  streets,  but  after  two  years  sold  to  a 
Mr.  Hudson.  For  a  year  he  worked  for  Silas  Masters,  and  then  resumed 
operations  for  himself  at  his  old  stand  on  Eighth  and  Orange  streets,  with 
A.  Difani  is  a  partner,  the  firm  being  Mills  &  Difani.  Six  years  later 
Mr.  Mills  sold  to  his  partner  and  went  to  Alaska  in  July,  1897,  being 
influenced  to  do  so  on  account  of  the  gold  excitement.  He  went  by  way 
of  Saint  Michaels  and  up  the  Yukon  River  to  Rampart  City,  and  remained 
in  that  district  until  August  of  the  following  year,  when  he  had  the  mis- 
fortune to  meet  with  an  accident  which  necessitated  his  return  to  Riverside. 

For  a  time  after  his  return  home  Mr.  Mills  worked  for  the  firm  of 
O'Connor  &  Covey,  carriage  builders,  and  then  was  engaged  by  A.  W. 
Miller,  who  began  building  automobiles  on  the  site  now  occupied  by  the 
Cresmer  Manufacturing  Company.  After  a  year's  work  at  building  auto- 
mobile bodies  Mr.  Mills  returned  to  O'Connor  &  Covey. 

In  1900  Mr.  Mills  dared  fate  once  more  and  started  in  business  on 
Ninth  Street,  near  Orange,  continuing  there  until  February  2,  1915.  when 
his  business  was  destroyed  by  fire.  He  next  conducted  a  shop  in  the 
alley  back  of  the  Glenwood  Garage  for  about  three  years,  and  then  moved 
to  his  present  location  at  826  West  Seventh  Street  where  he  does  body 
and  wheel  work  for  autos,  and  is  the  only  specialist  of  his  kind  in  the 
country. 

Mr.  Mills  married  at  Renfrew,  Ontario,  Canada.  Miss  Agnes  Ster- 
rick,  a  native  of  Canada  and  a  daughter  of  James  Sterrick,  a  native  of 
Dundee,  Scotland.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mills  have  five  children,  as  follows : 
David  M.,  who  married  Annie  Elser,  of  Sawtelle.  California,  has  two 
children.  Hartley  and  Dorothy,  and  is  now  engaged  in  the  wholesale  hard- 
ware business  at  Los  Angeles,  California,  for  the  Standard  Sanitary 
Manufacturing  Company ;  William  W.,  who  is  married,  has  a  son,  Ed- 
ward, is  a  barber  by  trade  at  Riverside,  and  although  he  was  beyond  the 
age  limit  of  the  draft,  volunteered  and  was  in  the  service  at  Camp 
Kearney ;  George  Albert,  who  is  a  bookkeeper  for  the  Nash  Auto  Agency 
of  Riverside,  served  as  a  volunteer  with  the  Ninety-first  Division  in 
France  as  corporal  and  later  as  sergeant,  and  was  in  line  for  his  com- 
mission as  lieutenant  when  the  armistice  was  signed,  at  which  time  he 
was  on  the  firing  line,  and  had  been  trained  at  Camp  Lewis  ;  Pearl  Forbes, 
wife  of  Frank  Parker,  of  Riverside,  and  thev  have  two  children,  George 
and  Madlon ;  and  Arthur  R.,  who  married  Miss  Alda  Byle.  of  Riverside, 
has  one  child,  James,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  in  Imperial  Valley. 

Mr.  Mills  has  never  taken  any  active  part  in  politics,  has  not  connected 
himself  definitely  with  any  partv,  preferring  to  cast  his  vote  for  the  man 
he  deems  best  suited  for  the  office  in  question.  Although  he  owns  some 
acreage  in  Oregon,  he  has  never  engaged  in  any  agricultural  pursuits,  his 
talents  lying  in  another  direction.  During  the  late  war  he  did  his  full  part 
as  a  loval  citizen  and  sympathizer  with  the  Allied  cause.  The  member- 
ship which  he  maintains  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters  is  his 
only  fraternal  connection.  A  hard-working,  persistent  man.  Mr.  Mills 
has  finally  succeeded  in  making  his  efiforts  yield  him  an  ample  income,  and 
as  an  expert  in  his  line  he  has  no  rival  in  the  state.  Personally  he  stands 
very  high  in  the  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens,  and,  as  before  stated, 
he  deserves  his  success,  for  he  has  earned  it  through  many  adversities. 


994         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

John  E.  Backstrand — Twenty-one  years  have  come  and  gone  since 
John  F.  Backstrand  entered  the  business  world  of  Riverside,  and  each 
year  has  made  the  firm  of  which  he  is  a  member,  Backstrand  &  Grout, 
more  and  more  an  integral  part  of  the  civic  life  of  the  city.  Founded 
upon  honor,  carried  on  with  exceptional  insight  as  to  the  needs  of  the 
community  and  early  found  to  be  trustworthy  to  the  minutest  detail,  it 
is  today  firmly  established  as  the  Rock  of  Gibraltar. 

Mr.  Backstrand  had  to  surmount  many  difficulties  as  he  started  to 
make  his  way  in  the  world  at  a  very  early  age,  in  a  new  country,  among 
new  people,  handicapped  by  his  youth  and  lack  of  education.  The 
immaturity  of  the  first  was  overcome  by  time  and  the  latter  by  constant 
application  on  his  part.  He  is  as  thoroughly  American  as  though  born 
under  the  Star  Spangled  Banner,  and  has  become  a  most  loyal  son  of  the 
Southland,  loving  his  chosen  home  and  always  intent  upon  its  progress 
and  development  and  lending  a  helping  hand  to  any  plan  for  its  betterment. 

He  was  born  in  that  frost  bitten  land  whence  so  many  of  America's 
best  citizens  have  come,  Sweden,  near  the  City  of  Halmstad,  July  21, 
1858,  the  son  of  Gustav  and  Mary  Backstrand.  He  attended  the  schools 
of  his  native  place  until  he  was  thirteen  years  of  age,  when  his  parents 
came  to  the  United  States  with  their  children,  settling  in  Warren  County, 
Pennsylvania.  Undaunted  by  unfamiliar  surroundings,  he  started  out 
to  work,  first  as  a  bundle  boy  in  a  dry  goods  store  at  a  salary  of  three 
dollars  per  week.  But  his  ability  and  attention  to  business  was  soon 
recognized  and  he  was  promoted,  in  1880  becoming  a  clerk  in  the  store. 
Here  he  likewise  succeeded  and  soon  he  knew  the  drygoods  business 
thoroughly.  From  this  he  went  to  Sheffield,  Pennsylvania,  where  he 
took  a  position  as  clerk  in  a  store. 

In  1884  he  decided  to  move  West,  and  accordingly  located  in  Hold- 
redge,  Phelps  County,  Nebraska,  opening  a  grocery  store.  He  built  up 
a  good  business  but  disposed  of  his  interests  and  moved  to  Illinois  and 
opened  a  shoe  store  at  Princeton  in  that  state.  He  remained  here  until 
1897  when  he  came  out  to  the  real  West,  California,  engaging  in  the  shoe 
business  in  Los  Angeles.  In  1900  he  came  to  Riverside  and,  finding  it 
was  just  the  beautiful  place  he  had  been  looking  for  as  a  home  site,  and 
that  a  fine  business  also  could  be  established,  he  at  once  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  Harry  F.  Grout.  One  of  the  main  reasons  for  coming  to 
Riverside  was  that  it  was  a  dry  town  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Backstrand  knew 
it  was  the  ideal  place  to  raise  a  family.  Backstrand  and  Grout  opened  a 
general  merchandising  establishment,  a  department  store  in  almost  every- 
thing wearable  and  usable.  It  is  one  of  the  real  institutions  of  the  City 
of  Riverside,  and  none  stand  higher  in  the  public  estimation.  In  politics 
IVIr.  Backstrand  adheres  to  the  policies  of  the  republican  party,  and  while 
he  has  always  taken  an  interest  in  political  afifairs  he  has  never  accepted 
or  sought  political  preferment.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows  and  the  Woodmen  of  the  World. 

He  is  also  afiiliated  with  the  Masonic  Order,  a  member  of  the  Blue 
Lodge,  the  Chapter,  Commandery  of  Riverside  and  the  Al  Malaikah 
Temple  of  Los  Angeles.  He  was  interested  also  in  the  orange  business 
at  one  time,  but  sold  out  all  his  interests.  He  was  president  of  the  Fair 
Association  1914-15  and  takes  great  interest  in  it  still.  He  is  a  director 
now. 

Mr.  Backstrand  was  united  in  wedlock  with  Miss  Christine  S.  Scott, 
in  Jamestown,  New  York,  February  16,  1884.  Mrs.  Backstrand  is  a 
native  of  Sugar  Grove,  Pennsylvania,  and  a  daughter  of  Augustus  Scott, 
in  the  mercantile  business  of  that  town  and  Mr.  Scott  was  a  native  of 
Sweden.     Mr.   and  Mrs.   Backstrand  are   the  parents  of   five  children: 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES         995 

Clarence  F.,  residing  in  Riverside,  was  associated  with  the  Southern 
Sierras  Power  Company  as  an  electrician  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  the  Riverside  I'.lectric  Company  ;  Lillian  J.,  a  graduate  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  SoiUlicrn  California,  is  an  instructor  in  music  in  that  college  now. 
She  is  possessed  of  a  remarkably  beautiful  contralto  voice  and  is  a  soloist 
of  wide  reputation  in  California;  Lawrence  S.  died  September  22,  1911, 
aged  twenty  years  and  nine  months ;  Clifford,  who  was  graduated  from 
the  College  at  Claremont  in  1920,  graduated  from  the  Whorton  School 
ol  Commerce  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  Philadelphia,  receiving 
the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science  in  Economics,  Class  1921  ;  Leland  is 
studying  chemistry  at  Claremont.  Mrs.  Backstrand  is  a  member  of  the 
Methodi.st  Church  of  Riverside. 

Harry  F.  Grout — One  of  the  prominent  and  well  known  business 
men  of  Riverside  who  has  been  a  contributing  factor  to  its  upbuilding 
for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  is  Harry  F.  Grout,  partner  in  the 
drygoods  business  of  John  F.  Backstrand  since  1900. 

He  was  born  in  East  Dorset,  Bennington  County,  Vermont,  June  17, 
1872,  the  son  of  Stephen  and  Henrietta  (Fuller)  Grout.  He  attended 
the  primary  schools  of  his  native  town  and  then  went  to  the  Burr  &  Burton 
Seminary  at  Manchester,  Bennington  County,  Vermont,  and  was  grad- 
uated with  the  class  of  1890.  After  he  concluded  his  schooling  he  spent 
a  year  in  traveling  for  pleasure  and  observation,  and  among  other 
western  points  he  visited  Los  Angeles,  which  city  made  a  most  favorable 
impression  upon  him,  so  much  so  that  he  determined  to  visit  it  again 
with  a  view  to  making  it  his  home.  He  returned  to  Rutland,  Vermont, 
and  was  there  for  four  months  working  for  the  Western  Union  Telegraph 
Company  as  an  operator.  In  December,  1891,  he  went  South,  to  Beaufort, 
South  Carolina,  as  manager  of  the  wholesale  department  of  the  cotton 
.growing  firm  of  J.  J.  Dale  &  Company.  He  remained  with  this  firm  for 
two  years. 

At  the  end  of  that  time  he  returned  to  Rutland,  Vermont,  in  December, 
1893,  and  engaged  with  the  Howe  Scale  Company  as  office  manager,  and 
he  stayed  in  this  position  for  five  years,  when,  in  the  fall  of  1898,  he 
resigned  and  came  out  to  California,  locating  in  Los  Angeles  as  salesman 
with  L.  \y.  Godwin,  a  shoe  dealer. 

In  1900  he  determined  to  branch  out  for  himself,  and  in  seeking  the 
most  desirable  location  came  to  Riverside,  where  he  formed  a  partnership 
with  John  F.  Backstrand,  opening  a  dry  goods  store  that  has  developed 
into  one  of  the  leading  institutions  of  the  city  and  is  known  throughout 
the  district  as  a  reliable,  trustworthy  firm. 

Mr.  Grout  is  a  republican  and  an  ardent  and  liberal  supporter  of  all 
city  alTairs.  taking  great  interest  in  not  only  the  city  but  the  county 
development  and  upbuilding.  He  was  at  one  time  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Public  Utility.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce and  served  as  its  president  in  1911-12.  He  is  a  member  of 
Riverside  Lodge  No.  643,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  and 
of  Riverside  Lodge,  No.  282,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows. 

He  married  in  Rutland,  Vermont,  June  23,  1897,  Miss  Vida  E. 
Billings.  They  have  one  daughter,  Doris,  the  wife  of  Sheldon  R.  West- 
fall,  of  Riverside. 

Ferdinand  Bamberger — After  years  of  useful  endeavor,  Ferdinand 
Bamberger,  of  Riverside,  is  living  in  comfortable  retirement,  feeling  he 
has  earned  the  repose  he  is  now  enjoying.  He  was  born  in  Germany,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1847,  a  son  of  Lazarus  and  Mina  (Stern)  Bamberger,  natives 
of  Germany,  both  of  whom  are  now  deceased.     By  occupation  Lazarus 


996        SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIXERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Bamberger  was  a  grain  merchant,  and  he  was  a  well-known  and  prosper- 
ous man. 

After  acquiring  a  public-school  education  Ferdinand  Bamberger  went 
mto  business,  and  for  three  years  was  at  Frankfort-on-the-Main.  After 
he  had  closed  these  connections  he  looked  about  him  for  another  location, 
and  six  months  later  came  to  the  United  States,  and  arrived  in  California 
in  1864.  For  the  first  three  years  after  his  arrival  here  he  worked  as  a 
clerk  at  San  Jose,  and  then,  leaving  that  merchant,  went  to  Antioch,  where 
he  was  in  a  store  for  another  year.  During  the  mining  excitement  which 
centered  about  White  Pine,  Nevada,  he  went  there  and  continued  there 
about  eight  months,  hut  returned  to  California  and  worked  in  a  company 
store  at  New  Almaden,  at  the  quick  silver  mines  at  that  point.  He  was 
in  charge  of  the  store,  and  remained  in  that  position  for  three  years.  For 
the  subsequent  eighteen  months  he  was  at  Santa  Rosa,  and  from  there 
went  to  Pleasanton  and  clerked  in  a  store  for  a  year. 

During  all  of  these  changes  he  gained  a  valuable  experience  and  a 
knowledge  of  the  language  and  customs  of  his  adopted  country  so  that  he 
then  felt  competent  to  go  into  a  business  of  his  own.  Therefore  he  and 
a  brother  established  themselves  in  a  mercantile  business  in  Grass  Valley, 
Nevada  County,  where  they  remained  for  eight  years.  During  1887  and 
1888  Mr.  Bamberger  was  in  business  at  San  Diego,  but  owing  to  the 
financial  depression  of  the  latter  year,  lost  his  investment,  as  did  nearly 
all  of  the  business  men  of  that  period  in  San  Diego.  His  attention  having 
in  the  meanwhile  been  directed  toward  Riverside,  he  decided  to  come  to 
this  city,  and  the  change  proved  a  fortunate  one  for  him,  as  the  business 
he  then  established  proved  so  profitable  a  one  that  he  continued  to  conduct 
it  until  1913.  when  he  retired  with  ample  means.  He  erected  his  resi- 
dence at  1107  Chestnut  Street,  and  here  he  still  maintains  his  home.  While 
he  votes  the  republican  ticket,  he  has  never  been  active  in  politics,  nor  has 
he  sought  public  honors. 

In  1877  Mr.  Bamberger  married  in  Germany  Susette  Sterns,  a  native 
of  Germany.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bamberger  became  the  parents  of  three  chil- 
dren, namely:  Rena,  who  is  the  wife  of  Louis  Myers,  band  leader  in  Los 
Angeles,  and  they  have  three  children,  Sarah,  Leslie  and  Ferdinand  ;  Edna, 
who  is  a  widow  of  M.  Stern,  is  a  resident  of  Los  Angeles ;  and  Lester, 
who  married  Gertrude  Haas,  of  San  Francisco.  Lester  Bamberger  is 
now  engaged  in  the  apiary  business  at  Riverside.  The  grandson  of  this 
family,  Jack  Bamberger,  is  the  pride  of  his  grandfather's  heart.  Mrs. 
Bamberger  is  a  Christian  Scientist.  The  family  is  a  well-known  one  at 
Riverside,  and  its  members  are  worthy  of  the  confidence  they  enjoy. 

Charles  W.  Mathews — One  of  the  distinctive  features  of  modern 
life  in  a  city  is  the  care  given  to  the  welfare  of  children,  which  has  become 
so  important  as  to  enlist  the  attention  and  secure  the  efforts  of  some  of 
the  ablest  men  of  the  country.  One  of  them  who  is  devoting  himself  to 
juvenile  work  as  a  probation  officer  is  Charles  W.  Mathews  of  Riverside, 
a  man  well  fitted  for  the  work  bv  reason  of  his  sympathetic  understanding 
of  the  problems  of  his  young  charges. 

Mr.  Mathews  was  born  in  Dunn  Countv.  Wisconsin,  March  11,  1870. 
a  son  of  James  E.  and  Jane  (Mathews)  Mathews,  both  of  whom  were 
born  in  Ireland.  Tames  E.  Mathews  was  the  fifth  white  settler  to  locate 
in  Dunn  County,  Wisconsin,  and  went  through  all  of  the  hardships  inci- 
dent to  a  pioneer  communitv.  He  was  a  general  farmer,  and  also  en- 
paged  in  merchandising-  in  the  little  village  of  Colfax,  Wisconsin,  where 
he  acquired  considerable  prominence  in  republican  politics,  serving  his 
party  repeatedly  as  a  delegate  to  county  and  state  conventions.  During 
the  war  between  the  North  and  the  South  he  was  unable  to  enter  the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        997 

ranks  on  account  of  a  physical  disability,  but  his  family  was  represented 
in  the  Union  army  in  the  person  of  his  eldest  son,  George,  who  is  now 
deceased.  When  only  seventeen  years  old  George  Mathews  enlisted  in 
Company  C,  which  was  afterward  made  a  part  of  the  Eighth  Wisconsin 
Volunteer  Infantry  and  was  organized  at  Eau  Claire,  Wisconsin.  It 
was  his  company  which  carried  the  famous  eagle  "Old  Abe"  throughout 
the  war,  and  in  this  connection  an  interesting  reminiscence  is  given.  The 
eagle  was  captured  by  a  young  Chippewa  Indian  on  the  Flambeau  River, 
and  he  traded  it  to  a  man  for  a  bushel  of  corn.  It  was  later  sold  to 
Company  C  for  $2.50,  and  carried  to  war  by  a  man  named  David  Mc- 
Lain.  After  four  years  spent  in  the  service,  under  the  command  of  Gen- 
eral Sherman,  George  Mathews  was  honorably  discharged  at  Washing- 
ton, District  of  Columbia.  Both  James  E.  Mathews  and  his  wife  are 
now  deceased. 

Charles  W.  Mathews  attended  the  district  and  high  schools  of  his 
native  county,  and  was  graduated  from  the  latter  in  1888.  This  school 
was  afterward  established  at  the  county  seat,  Menomonie,  Dunn  County, 
\Visconsin.  After  leaving  school  Mr.  Mathews  spent  some  time  assist- 
ing his  father  in  the  work  of  the  farm,  where  he  remained  until  1890,  but 
in  that  year  went  to  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  and  was  engaged  in  a  realty 
and  building  business,  buying  property,  improving  it  and  then  disposing 
of  it  at  a  good  figure.  In  1908  he  came  to  Riverside,  and,  buying  a  home 
at  Arlington,  for  a  time  was  engaged  in  a  real-estate  and  insurance  busi- 
ness, but  in  1914  was  induced  to  take  up  juvenile  court  work,  and  since 
then  has  been  a  probation  officer  of  the  court.  In  politics  he  is  a  repub- 
h'can,  and  has  twice  represented  his  party  in  the  County  Central  Com- 
mittee. He  has  taken  an  effective  interest  in  the  work  of  advancing  and 
bettering  the  local  conditions  and  served  on  the  Arlington  Chamber  of 
Commerce  as  secretary  for  a  number  of  years,  and  during  1912  was 
president  of  that  body.  Connecting  himself  with  the  Magnolia  Avenue 
Presbyterian  Church,  he  has  taken  a  very  active  part  in  its  good  work, 
and  is  now  one  of  its  elders.  The  Present  Day  Club  has  in  him  an  active 
member.  Mr.  Mathews  is  a  Mason,  having  been  raised  in  the  Blue 
Lodsre  in  the  North  of  Ireland.  In  1897-8  he  paid  a  visit  to  the  old  home 
of  his  ancestors,  and  discovered  that  all  of  them  on  both  sides  of  the 
house  had  belonged  to  Lodge  No.  256  of  that  order  and  at  the  time  of 
his  visit  a  cousin  of  his  mother  was  the  worshipful  master,  and  another 
relative  was  senior  warden.  At  the  time  he  was  raised  this  lodge  was 
410  vears  old,  and  its  charter,  now  carefully  framed  is  printed  in  the 
old  English  alphabet,  and  is  nearly  faded  out.  This  lodge  claims  to  have 
members  in  every  part  of  the  world.  Mr.  Mathews  was  given  in  open 
lodge  a  clearance  certificate  when  he  left. 

On  June  14,  1898,  Mr.  Mathews  married  in  Wisconsin  Mary  J- 
Moore,  a  native  of  that  state  and  a  daughter  of  Robert  Moore,  a  farmer. 
I^Ir.  and  Mrs.  Mathews  have  two  children,  Alice  M..  who  is  a  student 
in  Junior  College ;  and  Walker  G.,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the  River- 
side High  School,  class  of  1918.  and  is  now  teller  of  the  Commercial 
Savings  Bank  of  Riverside. 

Peter  T.  Rubtdoux — There  are  few  names  better  known  in  River- 
side County  and  few  families  better  entitled  to  feel  a  proprietary  interest 
in  the  beautiful  modern  city  of  Riverside  than  that  of  Rubidoux.  Many 
years  of  the  past  must  be  covered  to  come  to  the  time  when  the  first 
bearer  of  this  name  in  America,  feasting  his  eyes  on  the  natural  beauties 
of  the  Imperial  Valley,  testified  to  his  faith  in  its  future.  With  far- 
sighted  vision  he  acquired  great  tracts  of  virgin  land  from  its  Spanish 


998         SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

holders,  and  spent  the  rest  of  his  long  life  on  the  very  site  of  the  present 
city  of  Riverside.  There  is  always  a  certain  glamour  about  the  past 
that  attaches  to  the  early  settler,  but  it  is  very  certain  that  Luis  Rubi- 
doux,  the  French  grandfather  of  Peter  T.  Rubidoux,  a  well  known  and 
highly  respected  resident  of  the  Riverside  of  today,  possessed  practical 
qualities  of  a  high  order  that  caused  the  family  name  to  be  closely 
interwoven  with  the  developing  history  of  this  district. 

Peter  T.  Rubidoux  was  born  January  25,  1867,  in  the  old  adobe 
building  that  was  the  original  residence  of  his  grandfather  at  River- 
side. His  parents  were  Luis  and  Castillo  (Flavia)  Rubidoux,  the  former 
of  whom  is  a  resident  of  San  Jacinto,  California.  The  latter  was  born 
and  died  at  Riverside.  During  boyhood  Peter  T.  Rudiboux  attended  the 
public  schools  at  Riverside  and  early  gave  his  father  assistance  in  starting 
a  livery  stable,  which  enterprise  was  the  first  of  its  kind  here  and  was 
later  sold  to  a  Mr.  Hayt.  after  which  Peter  T.  engaged  in  various  occu- 
pations until  he  accompanied  his  father  to  San  Jacinto,  where  he  followed 
teaming  and  freighting  for  a  time.  When  twenty  years  old  he  returned 
to  Riverside  and  entered  the  employ  of  George  W.  Dickson  and  after- 
ward Edward  Miller. 

In  the  meanwhile  Riverside  began  to  assume  the  appearance  and  offer 
the  advantages  of  a  growing  city,  and  naturally  Mr.  Rubidoux  took  a 
deep  interest  in  every  improving  condition.  When  the  Riverside  Water 
Company  became  a  fact  here  he  entered  the  employ  of  this  public  utility 
company  and  continued  with  it  for  the  next  seventeen  years.  He  next 
worked  for  five  years  at  the  blacksmith  trade  for  Mr.  Difani,  all  his  life 
having  been  able  to  turn  his  hand  usefully  in  one  calling  or  another.  Since 
1915  he  has  practically  given  all  his  effort  and  attention  to  city  work,  and 
the   municipality   has   no   more   honest   or    faithful   employe. 

At  Riverside,  on  May  25,  1890,  Mr.  Rubidoux  married  Adelina  Silvas, 
who  was  born  at  San  Diego,  California.  Her  father  was  Esidro  Silvas,  a 
native  of  California  and  a  member  of  an  old  Spanish  family  of  the  state. 
He  was  a  man  of  influence  and  importance,  a  prosperous  cattleman  and 
owner  of  the  San  Pasqual  ranch  near  San  Diego  and  also  had  extensive 
estates  near  Sonora,  Mexico.  Six  children  were  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Rubidoux :  Mack  J.,  Lucy  Smith,  Richard,  Sadie,  Albert  and  Clarence, 
all  of  whom  .survive  except  the  eldest. 

Mack  J.  Rubidoux  was  born  at  Riverside  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Riverside  High  School  with  the  class  of  1911.  He  was  a  bright, 
ambitious  youth  who  aimed  to  become  an  electrical  engineer,  and  while 
studying  for  this  profession  earned  his  way  by  working  at  packing  oranges. 
When  the  great  war  came  on  he  entered  military  service  and  as  a  cor- 
poral in  Company  E,  364  Infantry  in  the  91st  Division,  accompanied  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  to  France,  and  was  one  of  the  brave 
boys  who  fell  in  the  battle  of  Argonne  Forest.  He  was  a  notable  athlete, 
well  known  in  football  and  basket  ball,  and  an  enthusiastic  gymnasium 
worker  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  at  Riverside,  where  his  memory  will  long 
be  kept  green.  His  remains  were  brought  from  France  and  interred 
in  American  Legion  plot  in  Evergreen  Cemetery  in  Riverside  on 
September  17,  1921,  with  full  military  honors  by  the  American  Legion, 
Riverside  Post  No.  79.  His  funeral  was  attended  very  largely  by  River- 
side men  in  their  desire  to  pay  fitting  tribute  to  the  memory  of  the  dead 
hero. 

The  eldest  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rubidoux,  Mrs.  Lucy  Smith 
Rubidoux,  is  a  widow  and  has  two  children,  Dorothy  and  Theda.  Her 
sister,  Miss  Sadi*.  resides  with  her  parents. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES        999 

Richard  Rubidoux  is  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside  High  School  and 
a  business  college,  and  is  a  chemist  at  the  Cressmore  Cement  Plant.  He 
married  Miss  Katherine  Kiggins,  a  native  of  South  Dakota,  and  they 
have  a  daughter,  Lorraine.  Albert  Rubidoux  is  employed  with  the  Cres- 
cent Sheet  Metal  Works.  Although  but  twenty-one  years  old  he  has 
an  established  record  as  a  light  weight  fighter  of  120  pounds,  and  is  a 
drawing  card  in  the  San  Bernardino  Athletic  Club.  He  married  Thesa 
Taylor,  of  Redlands,  California,  and  they  have  a  daughter,  Evelyn. 
Clarence  Rubidoux  is  an  employe  of  the  Cressmore  Cement  Plant.  He 
married  Uyvon  Barstow,  who.  like  himself,  was  born  in  California.  The 
family  belongs  to  the  Catholic  Church.  Politically  Mr.  Rubidoux  is  a 
republican. 

John  Nathaniel  Baylis,  located  in  San  Bernardino  early  in  his 
life  work,  the  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery,  and  has  remained  there 
ever  since,  building  up  a  large  practice  and  taking  front  rank  among  the 
exponents  of  the  healing'  profession.  This  work  he  has  augmented  by 
association  with  important  responsibilities  relating  to  it.  His  skill  as  an 
administrator  to  the  medical  and  surgical  necessities  of  the  community 
is  greatly  and  justly  valued. 

But  important  as  has  been  his  part  in  the  professional  life  of  the 
city,  just  as  vital  and  even  more  enduring  has  been  his  work  in  the  crea- 
tion of  beauty,  not  only  for  the  residents  of  California,  but  for  the  world. 
Just  as  long  as  that  pageant  road,  that  road  of  enchantment,  "Rim  of  the 
World"  exists  to  glorify  the  State  of  California  will  his  work  live.  And 
just  as  long  as  "Pine  Crest"  draws  humanity  to  its  healing  bosom  will 
his  name  be  remembered — and  after. 

Dr.  Baylis  was  born  in  Smyrna,  Delaware,  April  22,  1865,  the  son  of 
John  Baylis,  the  second,  and  Anna  Mary  (Jones)  Baylis.  His  father, 
a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  went  to  Delaware  while  very  young,  following 
merchandising  most  of  his  life,  and  now  lives  retired  in  Philadelphia. 
The  mother  of  Dr.  Baylis  was  a  native  of  Delaware,  who  died  in  1918. 

Dr.  Baylis  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Bridgetown,  New 
Jer.sey,  and  in  the  South  Jersey  Institute,  after  which  he  entered  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1886  and  with  the  degrees  of  M.  D.  and 
Ph.  D.  He  practiced  for  a  year  and  a  half  in  the  hospitals  of  Philadel- 
phia and  in  May.  1887.  came  to  California,  locating  in  San  Bernardino, 
where  he  has  since  continuously  practiced.  He  has  a  general  practice  in 
medicine  and  surgery.  He  is  also  the  local  surgeon  for  the  Santa  Fe 
Railroad  and  fills  the  same  position  for  the  Southern  California  Edison 
Company. 

Dr.  Baylis  married  in  1890,  Elvira  Lucretia  Tucker,  a  daughter  of 
Richard  Tucker,  of  Hartford,  Connecticut.  They  have  two  children: 
Helen,  wife  of  Owen  E.  Coflfman,  of  Palm  Springs,  who  has  one  child, 
and  John  Baylis,  the  fourth,  who  is  assistant  manager  and  superintendent 
of  the  famous  Pine  Crest  properties  and  superintendent  of  the  Hillview 
Farms. 

Dr.  Baylis  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Medical  So- 
ciety of  the  Rotary  Club  and  of  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevo- 
lent and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  also  a  director  of  the  California 
State  Bank,  and  has  been  since  its  organization. 

He  is  the  owner  of  Pine  Crest,  one  of  the  most  noted  and  beautiful 
mountain  resorts  in  California.  It  was  through  his  work  and  efiforts  that 
the  property  was  developed  from  a  commonplace  homestead  to  its  pres- 
ent unique  beauty  and  charm.  It  is  surely  one  of  the  few  resorts  whose 
natural  beauty  and  acquired  attractions  none  can  gainsay,  a  natural  jewel 


1000      SAN  BERxNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

set  in  a  most  favored  nook  and  enhanced  by  all  that  modernity  could  give. 

But  probably  the  greatest  service,  one  which  never  will  be  forgotten, 
he  has  bestowed  upon  his  country  is  his  work  on  that  inspirational  road, 
"The  Rim  of  the  World,"  famed  alike  in  verse  and  story  and  known  all 
over  the  world  as  one  of  the  most  strikingly  scenic  roads  open  to  man- 
kind. The  majestic  snow-crowned  mountains,  the  purple  misted  hills,  the 
green  tracery  of  the  far-off  mystic  stretches,  the  soft  breezes  ever  gently 
blowing,  the  ever  unfolding  panorama  of  God's  making,  all  combine  in  a 
miracle  of  indescribable  beauty,  awe  inspiring,  so  poignantly  enchanting 
it  almost  overcomes  the  enthralled  beholder.  For  one  hundred  and  one 
miles  it  winds  its  way,  a  road  of  Paradise,  from  San  Bernardino,  up 
Waterman  Canyon,  through  Fawnskin  Valley,  Big  Bear  Valley,  onward 
and  ever  onward,  kaleidoscopically  gliding  to  its  picturesque  end.  A 
more  detailed  description  of  this  wonder  is  given  on  other  pages  of  this 
history,  of  how  the  three  original  parts  of  the  road,  really  beginning  and 
ending  nowhere,  were  united.  It  was  because  Dr.  Baylis  saw  a  vision 
and  dreamed  a  dream  of  a  wondrous  road,  and  he  made  that  dream 
come  true,  that  vision  materialize.  He  induced  the  supervisors  to  join 
those  wandering  road  children  into  the  "Rim  of  The  World"  marvel. 
But,  wise  in  his  day  and  generation.  Dr.  Baylis  knew  that  the  most  mar- 
velous flower  in  the  world,  a  miracle  of  beauty  and  fragrance,  would 
forever  blush  unseen  unless  public  attention  was  drawn  to  it.  So  he 
proceeded  to  inaugurate  an  advertising  campaign,  far  reaching  and  on 
a  most  stujjcndous  scale.  The  world  read,  came  and  beheld,  and  behold- 
ing first  held  its  breath  in  rapture  then  spread  the  glad  tidings  of  another 
California  wonder,  worthy  to  be  added  to  the  "Seven  Wonders  of  the 
World"  if  not  to  lead  them. 

Dr.  Baylis  is  the  owner  of  the  famous  Hillview  Farms  in  Riverside 
County,  comprising  some  forty-five  acres.  These  farms  are  not  for 
utility  alone,  for  they  are  among  the  show  places  of  the  entire  district. 
The  farms  supply  the  Pine  Crest  resort  with  all  its  pigeons,  pork,  oranges, 
grape  fruit,  deciduous  fruits  and  with  almost  every  variety  of  vegetable. 
At  Pine  Crest  there  is  a  fine  apple  orchard,  so  the  fruit  from  them  is 
supplied  right  from  the  trees  to  the  guests  of  Pine  Crest. 

Everett  B.  Howe.  D.  D.  S. — Natives  of  California  may  well  be 
excused  for  their  enthusiastic  admiration  of  a  birthplace  that  possesses 
such  a  wealth  of  attractions  and  practical  advantages,  for  truly  this  land 
of  sunshine,  plenteousness  and  hospitality  has  few  equals  in  the  sister- 
hood of  states.  Her  population,  however,  is  not  entirely  made  up  of  those 
who  have  been  fortunate  enough  to  have  been  born  under  her  blue  skies. 
On  every  side  may  be  found  without  search  just  as  enthusiastic  "Cali- 
fornians"  who,  born  perhaps  hundreds,  yes,  thousands  of  miles  away, 
claim  this  title  because  of  the  benefits  thev  have  both  given  and  received 
since  establishing  a  home  in  the  Golden  State.  Not  every  one  who  has 
long  enjoyed  the  bounty  of  California  has  justified  the  hospitable  recep- 
tion they  have  received,  but  there  are  others  whose  appreciation  has 
been  conscientious  and  they  have  in  many  ways  become  prominent  factors 
in  the  social  and  civic  life  of  different  communities.  In  this  connection 
reference  may  be  made  to  one  of  Riverside's  leading  citizens.  Dr.  Everett 
B.  Howe,  who  for  thirty-five  years  has  been  a  resident  and  has  sincerely 
and  successfully  promoted  the  welfare  of  this  section,  where  he  is  justi- 
fiably held  in  very  high  regard. 

Everett  B.  Howe  was  born  at  South  W^eymouth,  Norfolk  County, 
Massachusetts,  September  27.  1858.  His  parents  were  Joseph  B.  and 
Mary    (Blanchard)    Howe,  both   of   English   descent  and   Revolutionary 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       IWl 

stock.  Joseph  B.  Howe  was  born  in  Vermont  and  his  wife  in  Massachu- 
setts. 

Everett  B.  Howe  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated in  the  class  of  1876  from  the  high  school  at  South  Weymouth, 
following  which  he  completed  a  business  course  in  the  Bryant  &  Stratton 
Commercial  College,  Boston.  His  father  was  a  merchant  and  a  man  of 
local  prominence  at  South  Weymouth,  but  the  young  man  decided  upon 
a  professional  career,  in  pursuance  of  which  he  spent  three  years  in  pre- 
paratory training  in  a  dental  office,  and  after  completing  the  course  entered 
upon  the  practice  of  dentistry  at  Rockland,  Massachusetts.  Dr.  Howe 
remained  there  until  1886,  in  which  year  he  came  to  Riverside  County, 
California.  After  successfully  passing  his  examinations  before  the  State 
Board  of  Dental  Examiners  he  opened  an  office  at  Riverside,  built  up 
a  large  and  lucrative  practice  and  before  his  professional  retirement  in 
1912  had  become  an  eminent  authority  in  dental  surgery. 

Aside  from  his  profes.sion  Dr.  Howe  has  had  other  important  inter- 
ests since  coming  to  Riverside  County.  In  earlier  years  he  was  financially 
interested  in  several  orange  growing  projects,  the  great  industry  that 
has  been  the  basis  of  many  of  the  stupendous  fortunes  accumulated  in 
this  part  of  California.  He  was  a  practical  orange  grower  himself, 
buying  twenty  acres  of  land  in  Highgrove,  which  he  devoted  to  orange 
orchards.  With  pleasure  and  profit  he  watched  his  trees  grow  to  maturity, 
but  as  other  and  more  pressing  interests  demanded  his  attention  he  later 
dispo.sed  of  his  orange  groves.  His  connection  with  allied  interests  ex- 
panded, however,  and  he  was  one  of  the  original  stockholders  of  the 
Orange  Growers  Bank  at  Riverside,  later  became  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Directors,  and  subsequently  went  into  the  bank  as  vice  president  and 
assistant  cashier  and  became  well  and  favorably  known  in  financial  circles. 

At  South  Weymouth,  Massachusetts,  Dr.  Howe  married  Miss  Mary 
E.  Doble,  who  was  born  in  that  state  and  is  a  daughter  of  S.  R.  Doble, 
of  old  New  England  ancestry.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Howe  have  one  daughter, 
Marjorie,  who  is  the  wife  of  Harry  A.  Encell,  a  practicing  attorney  of 
Oakland,  California,  and  formerly  attorney  for  a  railroad  commission. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Encell  have  three  children :  Mary  A.,  John  Howe  and 
Virginia,  all  natives  of  California  and  now  in  school,  the  youngest  at- 
tending a  kindergarten  class. 

In  political  life  Dr.  Howe  has  strong  convictions  and  has  always 
had  the  courage  to  maintain  them.  A  republican  by  inheritance  and  from 
choice,  he  has  heartily  upheld  the  principles  of  his  party  and  has  accepted 
political  honors  only  when  he  believed  his  influence  would  be  beneficial 
and  with  this  understanding  has  served  on  many  occasions  as  a  delegate 
to  conventions.  Official  life  has  never  appealed  to  him,  however,  as 
his  time  has  been  too  largely  taken  up  with  personal  interests,  but  in  1919 
he  accepted  appointment  as  history  clerk  of  the  California  State  Legisla- 
ture. He  served  through  one  legislative  term,  and  with  such  a  degree 
of  efficiency  that  the  legislative  body  in  appreciation  introduced  a  com- 
plimentary resolution  in  relation  to  it. 

For  many  years  Dr.  Howe  has  maintained  close  relations  with  scien- 
tific bodies  of  a  professional  nature,  and  during  active  practice  was 
tendered  positions  of  honor  in  different  organizations  of  dental  surgery. 
He  belongs  to  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks  at  Riverside, 
but  otherwise  is  not  interested  in  fraternal  life.  Both  he  and  Mrs.  Howe 
are,  however,  enthusiastic  golfers,  and  with  a  wide  circle  of  friends 
may  often  be  found  enjoying  this  recreation  on  the  links  of  the  Victoria 
Golf  Club. 


1002      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Michael  Haitsch,  of  the  "Quality  Mill  Company"  firm,  has  been 
a  contributing  factor  to  the  success  which  the  firm  now  enjoys.  He 
thoroughly  understands  the  business,  and  so  is  able  to  properly  supervise 
all  work  done,  the  work  they  have  done  in  their  home  city  being  an  evi- 
dence of  the  excellence  of  their  workmanship. 

Mr.  Haitsch  was  born  in  Austria-Hungary,  November  23,  1883,  the 
son  of  Martin  Haitsch,  aso  a  native  of  Austria-Hungary,  by  occupation 
a  farmer,  and  he  died  in  1892.  Mr.  Haitsch  was  educated  in  his  native 
place  and  learned  the  trade  of  cabinet  maker  in  Kesmark.  He  has 
worked  at  his  trade  since  he  was  eleven  and  a  half  years  old. 

Mr.  Haitsch  came  to  the  United  States  in  1906,  landing  in  New  York 
and  going  from  there  to  Danbury,  Connecticut,  where  he  worked  at  his 
trade  for  a  year  and  a  half.  He  then  returned  to  New  York,  where  he 
remained  for  six  months,  working  another  six  months  in  Philadelphia  and 
then  locating  in  Cleveland,  where  he  lived  for  six  years. 

He  left  Cleveland  for  San  Bernardino,  locating  here  in  February, 
1913.  He  worked  at  his  trade  bv  himself  until  July  4,  1916,  when  he 
formed  a  partnership  with  Nicholas  B.  Perry,  under  the  firm  name  of 
"The  Quality  Mills  Company,"  which  has  grown  to  a  fine  business  and 
which  he  is  still  conducting,  having  purchased  his  partner's  interest  in 
1921. 

Mr.  Haitsch  married  in  1917  Evelyn  Louisa  Schwarz,  a  native  of 
Germany,  who  came  to  the  United  States  when  only  five  years  of  age. 

Mr.  Haitsch  is  a  member  of  the  German  Lutheran  Church  and  other 
organizations. 

The  Quality  Mill  Company  was  organized  by  N.  B.  Perry  and 
Michael  Haitsch  in  July,  1916,  as  a  copartnership,  located  at  231  E  Street. 
Their  intention  was  to  do  a  general  contracting  business,  together  with 
building,  and  they  have  succeeded  in  building  up  a  firm  that  is  one  of  the 
leading  institutions  of  the  country.  It  has  been  successful  from  the  very 
inception,  and  now  does  practically  all  the  building  mill  work  in  San  Ber- 
nardino, both  for  their  own  contracting  work  and  for  outside  firms  and 
contractors.  In  1921  Mr.  Haitsch  bought  his  partner's  interest  and  now 
conducts  the  business  alone. 

He  is  an  experienced,  practical  man  in  every  department  of  the  busi- 
ness, and  gives  his  personal  supervision  to  all  work.  All  necessary  work 
on  a  building  is  done  by  the  mill,  and  wood  turning  of  all  kinds  is  a 
specialty.  Among  some  of  the  contracts  completed  may  be  mentioned : 
The  Mt.  Vernon  School.  The  California  State  Bank,  The  City  Hall  Water 
Department.  The  Southern  California  Edison  Company,  The  William 
Gutherie  residence. 

T.  Jay  Wilkins — In  the  comparatively  few  years  of  his  residence 
in  San  Bernardino  J.  Jay  Wilkins  has  done  more  to  impress  his  in- 
dividuality upon  the  community  than  many  men  who  have  made  it 
their  home  for  a  long  term  of  years.  He  has  in  a  rather  short  space 
of  time  created  a  firm  confidence  in  himself  as  an  astute  business  man, 
for  his  many  enterprises  have  all  reached  a  successful  fruition  and. 
in  addition,  he  has  demonstrated  that  in  civic  and  political  afifairs  he 
has  all  the  qualities  which  make  for  real  leadership. 

Mr.  Wilkins  can  certainly  take  unto  himself  truthfully  the  term 
"self-made,"  for  he  has  been  the  builder  of  his  own  fortunes  ever 
since  he  started  out  in  life  for  himself,  sans  all  opportunity  save  such 
as  he  created  himself.  San  Bernardino  is  the  scene  of  his  real  life 
work,  for  while  he  essayed  different  lines  of  activities  before  coming 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1003 

to  California  they  were  just  the  ABC  fitting  him  for  a  real  career 
in  his  permanent  home.  He  is  a  present  and  growing  influence  in  the 
city  and  county,  and  the  future  certainly  holds  golden  promise  for 
him.  Mr.  Wilkins  is  getting  out  of  life  what  he  puts  into  it,  which 
probably  accounts  for  his  great  personal  popularity  and  warm  friend- 
ships. 

He  was  born  in  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  May  1,  1873,  the  son  of 
Edward  and  Anna  (Mooney)  Wilkins.  His  father  was  a  native  of 
Albany,  New  York,  who  moved  to  St.  Louis  in  the  early  days  and 
afterward  went  to  Kansas  and  located  at  Leavenworth.  He  was  a 
stone  mason  and  carpenter,  and  he  died  in  1890,  aged  seventy-three. 
His  wife  was  a  native  of  St.  Louis,  and  she  died  in  1878,  so  Mr. 
Wilkins  was  made  motherless  when  a  small  boy.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools  of  Leavenworth,  and  followed  the  newspaper 
business  for  a  time,  and  then  for  five  years  was  in  the  wholesale 
cigar  business  in  Leavenworth  under  the  firm  name  of  J.  J.  Wilkins  & 
Company.  He  then  entered  the  life  insurance  business  for  the  Equitable 
Life  of  New  York  in  the  State  of  Kansas.  He  was  with  them  for  five 
years,  and  then  was  appointed  state  manager  for  the  Colorado  National 
Life  Insurance  Company  at  Hutchinson,  Kansas,  in  1907-1908.  Going 
to  Kansas  City,  he  remained  there  one  year  and  then,  in  1909,  came  to 
California  for  the  Golden  State  Life  Insurance  Company.  He  assisted 
in  organizing  the  agency  force,  and  on  the  completion  of  this  he  became 
associated  with  the  Los  Angeles  Times  for  a  period,  but  subsequently 
opened  a  real  estate  and  insurance  ofifice  in  San  Bernardino. 

What  really  brought  him  to  San  Bernardino  was  the  organization  of 
the  first  Woodrow  Wilson  Club  in  the  United  States.  Always  a  crreat  ad- 
mirer of  President  Wilson,  Mr.  Wilkins  believed  that  greater  honors 
awaited  him  in  the  future  than  the  New  Jersey  governorship.  On  the 
night  of  Mr.  Wilson's  election  as  governor  of  New  Jersey  Mr.  Wilkins 
wired  him  that  the  club  was  organized,  and  Mr.  Wilson  replied  that  this 
was  the  first  club  to  so  honor  him.  Mr.  Wilkins  has  always  taken  an 
active  part  in  politics,  but  invariably  refused  to  even  consider  any  office 
for  himself.  He  was  tendered  such  offices  many  times.  Mr.  Wilkins 
organized  the  San  Bernardino  Country  Club,  taking  in  385  acres  in  the 
northeastern  part  of  the  city,  the  old  Severance  Homestead  tract,  and 
a  clubhouse  Golf  Course  and  all  other  amusements  have  been  installed. 
Mr.  Wilkins  also  organized  the  first  Wilsonian  Club  in  the  state,  and 
the  following  from  the  Arrozvhead  of  March  10,  1921,  is  here  inserted. 

"San  Bernardino,  March  10  (Special) — The  first  Wilsonian 
Club  in  the  United  States  has  been  organized  for  the  purpose  of  per- 
petuating the  ideals,  teachings  and  accomplishments  of  that  great  Amer- 
ican, Woodrow  Wilson.  It  was  decided  to  organize  the  club  on  the 
early  morning  of  November  3rd,  1920,  when  fifteen  of  the  faithful 
Democrats  remained  at  the  bulletin  boards  all  night  long  hoping  for  some 
ray  of  victory  for  their  party.  When  there  was  no  more  hopes  the 
party  adjourned  from  Democratic  Headquarters  to  the  office  of  J.  J. 
Wilkins,  Chairman  of  the  Democratic  County  Central  Committee,  where 
he  and  Captain  Earl  Harkins  struck  off  a  temporary  charter,  dedicating 
it  to  Woodrow  Wilson,  as  Charter  No.  1,  Wil.sonian  Ci.up.  hf  .Kmf.iuca. 
The  charter  as  drawn  up  at  that  time  reads : 

"  'We  the  undersigned,  who  have  stuck  to  the  good  ship  Democracy 
until  there  was  no  hopes  for  victory  in  1920,  dedicate  anew  our  loyalty 
to  the  Democratic  party  and  especially  to  the  ideals  and  teachings  of  our 


1004       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

great  leader,  Woodrow  Wilson,  and  pledge  our  best  efforts,  that  the 
Great  Democratic  Party  will  again  attain  to  State  and  National  success 
within  two  years. 

"  'To  the  end  of  such  attainment  we  herewith  subscribe  our  names 
to  this  document,  that  the  ideals  and  principles  of  Woodrow  Wilson 
will  live  and  grow  down  the  ages  that  are  to  come.' 

"A  meeting  of  the  Club  was  again  held  on  March  4  (inaugural  day), 
1921,  and  amid  rejoicing  and  reassertion  to  the  policies  of  Woodrow 
Wilson  the  Club  decided  that  success  for  the  Great  Democratic  Party 
is  already  appearing  on  the  1924  horizon,  and  for  this  reason  it  was  de- 
cided that  the  Club  should  become  active  and  remain  active  for  the  next 
four  years.  President  Wilkins  appointed  the  following  members  as  a 
committee  on  constitution  and  by-laws ;  Judge  J.  W.  Curtis,  J.  A.  Hadaller, 
T.  W.  Duckworth,  Ben  Harrison,  Byron  Waters,  C.  L.  Allison  and  Earl 
Harkins.  It  was  decided  to  lease  a  suite  of  club  rooms  for  permanent 
use,  to  maintain  a  library  and  social  quarters  in  connection  with  the 
political  features  of  the  organization,  the  rooms  of  the  Club  to  be  open 
to  members,  their  friends  and  visitors  at  all  times.  It  was  also  voted 
that  an  annual  banquet  is  to  be  held  each  and  every  year  on  December 
28th,  which  is  Woodrow  Wilson's  birthday  ;  the  first  banquet  to  be  held 
December  28,  1921,  and  to  invite  Judge  Benjamin  F.  Bledsoe  of  Los 
Angeles  to  act  as  toastmaster  and  to  invite  other  outside  Democrats  as 
speakers.  Hon.  William  F.  McAdoo  was  voted  an  honorary  member 
of  the  Club.  The  next  meeting  will  be  called  by  the  President  and  the 
report  of  the  Constitution  and  By-laws  Committee  will  be  received  and 
acted  upon  and  other  standing  and  special  committees  will  be  appointed. 

"  'He  Kept  Us  Out  of  Work'  is  a  slogan,  says  President  Wilkins,  that 
will  more  than  likely  be  used  in  the  1922-24  campaign." 

Mr.  \\'ilkins  organized  his  real  estate  business  absolutely  without 
capital,  and  when  he  opened  up  for  business  he  was  entirely  without 
funds.  His  acquaintances  predicted  an  ignominious  failure,  but  their 
[jredictions  were  not  verified  for,  on  the  contary,  he  has  scored  an  un- 
qualified success  and  is  now  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  prominent" 
men  in  his  line  in  the  whole  Southland.  He  has  in  his  employ  in  the 
San  Bernardino  office  five  salesmen,  and  he  also  conducts  an  office  in 
the  Grant  Building  in  Los  Angeles,  where  other  salesmen  are  employed. 
He  owns  property  in  six  states,  owns  two  ranches  in  San  Bernardino 
County,  one  in  the  Coachella  Valley  and,  in  addition,  city  property. 

In  1916  Mr.  Wilkins  was  prevailed  upon  to  run  for  the  Legislature  on 
the  democratic  ticket,  where  the  normal  republican  majority  was  ordi- 
narily between  3000  and  4000.  As  a  tribute  to  his  personality  and  his 
individual  popularity  it  may  be  mentioned  that  he  was  only  defeated  by 
1500  votes.  He  carried  the  City  of  San  Bernardino,  the  first  time  it 
was  ever  done  by  a  democrat  running  for  this  office. 

In    1897    he    married    Lucia    May    Barnet,    of    Columbia,    Missouri 

They  have  one  son,  Charles  Thornton  Wilkins,  now  in  Tulsa,  Oklahoma. 
Mr.  Wilkins  is  a  member  of  Hiram  Lodge  No.  68,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of 
Leavenworth,  Kansas.  He  is  a  past  master,  having  served  for  two  terms, 
and  he  was  the  youngest  Mason  ever  elected  master  of  a  lodge  in  Kansas, 
and  was  the  first  to  succeed  himself  as  master '  for  over  twenty  years. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and 
Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  is  .igent  for  the  New  York  Life  Insurance 
Company.  He  is  chairman  of  the  Democratic  County  Central  Commit- 
tee, member  of  the  Democratic  State  Central  Committee  and  a  member 
of   its  execution  committee. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1005 

Ellwin  H.  S.  Knap?,  manager  of  the  San  Jacinto  Packing  Company, 
is  one  of  the  reliable  and  experienced  business  men  and  good  citizens 
of  Riverside,  whose  connections  with  the  San  Jacinto  Packing  House  gives 
it  added  prestige  and  affords  him  ample  scope  for  the  exercise  of  his 
undoubted  abilities  commercially.  He  was  born  at  Owatonna,  Steel 
County,  Minnesota,  February  22,  1883,  a  son  of  Hiram  A.  and  Lovica 
(Carringer)  Knapp.  The  Knapps  were  for  several  generations  back 
all  Christian  Ministers.  The  grandfather  of  Hiram  was  also  a 
Christian  Minister  and  lived  to  be  one  hundred  years  old  lacking 
six  days.  Hiram  A.  Knapp,  a  native  of  Vermont,  is  now  residing 
at  Riverside,  having  retired  from  his  former  business  of  contract- 
ing in  masonry,  in  which  he  acquired  ample  means.  He  belongs  to 
an  old  American  family  of  Revolutionary  stock,  of  English  descent. 
Representatives  of  the  Knapp  family  came  across  seas  to  Canada  at  a 
very  early  date,  and  from  thence  immigrated  to  the  United  States,  settling 
in  Vermont  prior  to  the  American  Revolution.  Mrs.  Knapp.  who  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  is  now  deceased.  Her  family  was  a  Pennsylvania- 
Dutch  one,  and  she  was  born  in  the  Keystone  State.  In  it  her  grand- 
parents lived  to  an  advanced  age.  Her  grandfather  Jacob  Carringer, 
served  in  the  War  of  1812.  They  then  settled  in  Mercer  County. 
His  son  William  Carringer  married  Irene  Churchill  who  traced  her 
lineage  back  to  the  Mayflower.  The  Churchills  were  of  English  ex- 
traction. The  great-grandfather  of  Mrs.  Knapp  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  and  later  settled  in  Mercer  County,  Pennsylvania. 

Ellwin  H.  S.  Knapp  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Riverside,  his 
parents  having  come  here  soon  after  his  birth,  so  that  he  has  spent  prac- 
tically all  of  his  life  in  the  city,  although  he  spent  eighteen  months  in 
Mexico.  After  being  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  he  went 
to  Canania,  Sonora,  Mexico,  and  was  there  engaged  in  a  mercantile 
venture  for  a  year  and  a  half,  but  then  returned  to  Riverside.  For  six 
years  he  was  bookkeeper  for  the  San  Jacinto  Packing  House  at  Arling- 
ton, and  was  then  made  manager  of  the  company  and  has  held  that  posi- 
tion ever  since.  This  packing  house  is  affiliated  with  the  California  Fruit 
Growers'  Exchange,  and  handles  fruit  from  1,000  acres  of  citrus  land, 
shipping  in  a  normal  year  from  350  to  400  cars  of  oranges  and  lemons. 
Between  seventy-five  and  100  growers  ship  through  the  association. 

Mr.  Knapp  is  otherwise  interested,  and  owns  twelve  acres  of  land 
planted  to  navel  oranges,  from  which  he  derives  both  profit  and  pleasure. 
He  is  a  director  of  the  Riverside-Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange, 
and  of  the  Exchange  By-Products  Company  of  Corona,  which  latter 
concern  is  spoken  of  at  length  elsewhere  in  this  work.  Formerly  he  was 
a  director  of  the  California  Fruit  Grower's  Association,  and  of  the  Fruit 
Growers'  Supply  Company.  Fraternally  he  is  a  member  of  the  Odd 
Fellows  and  Woodmen  of  the  World.  While  he  always  votes  the  repub- 
lican ticket,  he  has  never  entered  actively  into  politics.  The  Baptist 
Church  affords  him  an  expression  for  his  religious  views,  and  he  has 
long  been  a  consistent  member  of  the  local  congregation. 

On  September  7,  1910,  Mr.  Knapp  married  at  Riverside  Miss  Pearl 
Taylor,  a  native  of  Michigan  and  a  daughter  of  the  late  Benjamin  Taylor. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Knapp  have  one  child,  Beverly.  While  his  time  and  atten- 
tion have  been  well  occupied  with  business  cares,  Mr.  Knapp  has  not 
neglected  his  civic  duties,  but  has  always  taken  a  deep  and  intelligent 
interest  in  the  welfare  of  Riverside  and  Arlington,  and  many  of  the 
movements  of  importance  in  them  have  received  his  support.  Person- 
ally he  is  an  alert,  efificient  and  competent  young  man,  well  fitted  to 
effectively  carry  out  the  duties  of  his  present  important  position. 


1006      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Glen  D.  Wight  is  superintendent  of  schools  for  Corona.  He  is  a 
graduate  of  the  University  of  Cahfornia  and  has  made  teaching  his  life 
profession. 

Mr.  Wight  was  born  at  Riverside,  California,  November  16,  1890. 
His  father,  Sion  L.  \\  ight,  was  born  at  Andover,  Ohio,  in  1866,  and  as 
a  young  man  was  in  the  contracting  business  at  Fulton,  South  Dakota, 
where  he  met  Miss  Emma  Downs,  a  native  of  Iowa.  They  were  married 
at  Los  Angeles  in  1886,  and  S.  L.  Wight  was  for  many  years  a  success- 
ful building  contractor  in  that  city.  He  was  elected  and  served  three 
consecutive  terms  of  two  years  each  as  chief  of  the  Riverside  Fire  De- 
partment. He  died  in  1904,  a  highly  esteemed  pubHc  servant  of  Riverside. 
The  mother  survived  him  until  1918.  Of  their  six  children  the  oldest 
was  fourteen  years  old  when  the  father  died.  As  a  family  they  have 
possessed  ambitions  and  talents  that  they  have  used  effectively  toward 
the  preparation  for  lives  of  usefulness.  All  but  the  youngest  of  the 
children  have  been  through  college,  and  he  is  in  high  school.  The 
brothers  of  Glen  D.  Wight  are:  Carl  Raymond,  aged  twenty-nine,  a 
foreman  for  the  Carpenter  Contracting  Company ;  Fred  Hartley,  twenty- 
two  years  old  and  studying  for  the  ministry ;  and  Gail  Benjamin  who 
was  drowned  September  5,  1921.  The  two  daughters  are  Miss  Veva 
and  Miss  Lela  May  Wight. 

Glen  D.  Wight  graduated  from  the  Riverside  High  School  and  then 
entered  the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley,  where  he  was  gradu- 
ated in  1912.  For  about  two  years  after  leaving  university  he  was  em- 
ployed in  the  statistical  department  of  the  State  Industrial  Accident 
Commission.  In  1914  he  took  up  his  vocation  as  a  teacher,  and  spent 
one  year  in  the  grammar  schools  at  Murrietta,  Riverside  County.  For 
three  years  he  was  principal  of  the  West  Riverside  School,  and  then 
joined  the  Corona  public  schools,  being  a  teacher  the  first  year,  principal 
one  year,  and  since  then  has  been  superintendent.  He  is  one  of  the 
leaders  in  community  affairs,  especially  all  things  connected  with  the 
education  of  youth.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  the 
Country  Club  and  the  Congregational  Church. 

Perle  Thomas  Glass  has  been  a  resident  of  Corona  since  1894,  and 
for  a  number  of  years  has  been  associated  with  the  hardware  business 
of  Glass  Brothers,  a  business  established  by  their  father  in  the  pioneer 
times  of  this  city. 

Perle  Thomas  Glass  was  born  at  Hiawatha,  Kansas,  February  11, 
1882.  His  father  moved  the  family  to  Corona  in  1894,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  established  a  hardware  store.  The  father  was  a  native  of 
Ohio,  and  served  as  a  Union  soldier  during  the  Civil  war.  He  was  active 
in  business  as  a  hardware  merchant  at  Corona  until  his  death  in  1908,  and 
since  then  the  business  has  been  conducted  by  Perle  T.  and  Howard  L. 
Glass.  The  original  store  was  at  518  Main  Street,  where  the  father 
had  a  floor  space  25x30  feet.  The  present  home  of  the  business  is  at 
120-122  East  Sixth  Street,  with  one  floor  affording  space  50x140  feet  and 
two  floors  40x50  feet.  This  is  a  general  hardware  store  and  carries  a 
thoroughly  up-to-date  stock. 

The  mother  of  the  Glass  brothers  was  Miss  Mary  A.  McBurney, 
a  native  of  Ohio,  who  died  at  Corona  in  1912.  Of  her  eleven  children 
three  are  living,  the  daughter  being  Mrs.  Margaret  Thacker,  a  teacher 
in  the  public  schools  at  Arlington. 

Perle  Thomas  Glass  acquired  a  public  school  education  in  the  East 
and  in  California,  attended  business  college,  and  he  also  took  a  technical 
course  in  electrical  wiring  at  Los  Angeles.     He  wired  the  first  house 


\j^\iL^.Aj}^\AJ^t)^^ 


SAN  URRNARniMD  A  \  1)  K' I  VlvRSI  I  )l<:  ConNTIKS        IOt'7 

for  electricity  in  Hollywood  in  1897.  He  also  assisted  in  wiring  the 
first  moving  picture  house  in  Los  Angeles,  located  in  the  second  tioor 
of  the  buildmg  at  Seventh  and  Broadway.  Mr.  Glass  recalls  that  the 
picture  machine  was  placed  on  the  floor  back  of  the  chairs. 

For  a  number  of  years  he  was  an  employe  of  the  New  Port  Wharf 
and  Lumber  Company,  and  had  charge  of  the  yards  from  1900  to  1905. 
This  company  had  contracts  for  the  drying  and  shipping  of  Redwood 
shingles  to  eastern  poiirts.  These  shingles  came  from  Humboldt  County, 
and  were  unloaded  at  New  Port  until  the  w-harf  went  out,  after  which 
they  were  unloaded  at  San  Diego  and  shipped  to  the  drying  yards  lo- 
cated at  "Porky  Spur,"  near  Corona.  Mr.  Glass  has  an  interesting 
enlarged  photograph  of  twenty-two  hundred  cars  of  shingles  that  were 
in  the  drying  process  there  for  six  months.  Later  they  were  shipped  to 
Oklahoma  and  thirty-one  other  states  east,  the  farthest  shipment  being 
to  Bath,  Maine.  Mr.  Glass  was  in  charge  of  this  immense  store  of 
shingles  during  the  unloading,  drying  and  shipping.  The  shingles  were 
piled  on  both  sides  of  the  track  for  a  distance  of  a  mile  and  a  quarter, 
the  piles  being  twenty  bunches  high  and  twenty  bunches  wide,  with  a 
passageway  of  two  feet  between  the  piles.  One  pile  would  load  four 
cars.  These  shingles  went  through  the  drying  yard  at  a  cost  of  one  cent 
per  bundle,  including  the  cost  of  unloading,  loading  and  rent.  The  low 
wages  paid  for  labor  at  the  time  made  that  possible.  Many  of  the  con- 
tracts for  shipment  of  these  shingles,  Mr.  Glass  recalls,  required  a  car- 
load per  day  for  thirty  days.  Mr.  Glass  is  the  oldest  active  member  of 
the  Corona  fire  department,  having  been  in  the  service  continuously  for 
twenty-two  years,  joining  it  two  years  after  it  was  organized.  He  married 
at  Los  Angeles  in  1908  Miss  Lena  E.  Dickey,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania. 
She  is  a  graduate  of  the  Los  Angeles  Normal  School,  was  a  teacher 
four  years  at  Garden  Grove,  and  is  an  active  member  of  the  Corona 
Woman's  Improvement  Club.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Glass  have  two  children  : 
Evelyn  Virginia,  born  in  1910;  and  Ruth  Eleanor,  born  in  1916.  Two 
other  members  of  their  family  are  a  nephew  and  niece  of  Mr.  Glass, 
Philip  O.,  aged  fourteen,  and  Catherine  Glass,  aged  sixteen,  who  were 
children  when  their  father  died. 

Wilbur  W.  Ayers — The  people  of  this  day  and  age  are  prone  to 
bewail  the  undeniable  fact  that  this  is  an  age  of  commercialism,  that 
the  money  changers  again  throng  the  temple  undisturbed,  that  the 
materialists  are  in  the  majority.  They  assert  that  the  people  have  lost 
all  desire  for  the  finer,  the  worth-while  things  of  life,  that  art  of  any 
kind  has  no  opportunity  to  express  itself,  either  by  brush  or  words ;  and 
drawing  the  deadly  comparison  they  predict  that  the  world  is  about  due 
for  another  overthrow,  particularly  that  part  known  as  America.  They 
claim,  with  much  truth,  that  the  penny-a-hners,  the  cubists,  the  ultra- 
futurists,  and  the  weird  verse  libre  addicts  fill  the  public  eye,  gain  the 
public  ear.  Mournfully  they  quote  "without  vision  the  people  perish" 
and  ask  "where  are  the  poets  and  the  painters  to  be  found  in  these 
decadent  days?  Where  are  the  gifted  of  the  Gods  to  take  the  place  of 
this  rabble?" 

While  they  are  right  in  many  of  their  premises  and  deductions,  they 
are  not  wholly  so,  for  there  are  poets  and  painters,  and,  while  sadly  few, 
when  they  write  or  paint  the  giddy  world  stops  to  listen  and  to  look. 
Very  rare  indeed  is  the  man  or  woman  reading  true  poetry  who  is  not 
enthralled,  and  the  man  who  can  crystallize  his  dreams  in  verse  is  set 
apart  in  the  honor  and  regard  of  his  fellowmen. 

Even  without  the  name  at  the  head  of  this  sketch  thousands  of  Cali- 
fornians  and  others  in  reading  what  has  been  said  would  have  mentally 


Km       SAX  BERXARDIXU   \XU  KIXERSIDE  COL^TsITIES 

anticipated  that  one  eminently  fitted  and  deserving  of  such  a  place  in 
the  hall  of  fame  is  Wilbur  W.  Ayers  of  Highgrove,  Riverside  County. 
As  a  poet  his  work  has  been  done  quietly  in  the  intervals  of  a  busy 
commercial  career,  but  the  products  of  his  pen  have  been  widely  published 
in  magazines  on  the  coast  and  elsewhere.  On  important  occasions  in 
Southern  California  he  is  regularly  importuned  to  "tune  his  lyre,"  and 
his  responses  have  never  failed  to  charm.  Mr.  Ayres  thoroughly  enjoys 
the  work  of  creating  beautiful  word  and  verse  forms,  but  is  duly 
modest  of  his  achievements,  and  recognizes  that  he  is  "of  the  earth 
earthy"  and  possessed  only  with  the  vision,  the  passion  for  all  beauty 
and  the  added  gift  of  power  of  expression  and  that  illusive  "spark  of 
heavenly  fire"  which  makes  the  true  poet. 

Some  of  his  most  graceful  verse  is  in  praise  of  California,  Riverside 
and  California  wonders.  Though  not  a  Californian  by  birth,  from  her 
first  smiling  welcome,  his  first  glimpse  of  her  radiant  loveliness,  he 
has  been  heart  and  soul  her  son,  from  choice  not  by  birth.  He  has 
brought  her  fresh  glory  and  triumph,  added  another  star  to  her 
celebrated  literary  firmament. 

His  poem  on  California  has  been  given  wide  publicity — California 
by  the  Sea: — 

On  the  east  the  grand  Sierras 

Rear  their  snow-caps  through  the  clouds ; 

On  the  west  the  mighty  ocean 

Lies  beneath  its  misty  shrouds ; 

South  the  turbid  Colorado 

Rushes  through  its  canyons  grand; 

North,  the  Siskiyou  towers  skyward 

Ever  guarding  this  fair  land. 

Land  of  sunshine  and  of  flowers. 
Land  of  gold  and  precious  stone. 
Land  of  history  and  romance — 
Constant  lure  wherever  known. 
Here  the  sandal-footed  padres 
In  the  dim  of  long  ago. 
Placed  the  cross  on  mission  towers. 
Which  today  their  hand  work  show. 

Here  the  sturdy  "Forty-niners," 

Sought   and   found   the   "Golden-Fleece," 

Here  the  golden  wheat  now  ripens 

With  a  magic-like  increase. 

Here  the  golden  orange  glistens 

In  its  bower  of  darkest  green, 

And  the  golden  poppy  nestles 

Mid  the  hillside  grassy  sheen. 

Here  the  rose  in  matchless  beauty, 
Over  fence  and  trellis  climbs, 
And  the  songs  of  birds  are  mingled 
With  the  sweet-toned  mission  chimes. 
Land  of  beauty,  love  and  gladness, 
How  my  heart  goes  out  to  thee, 
Naught  can  woo  me  from  my  sweetheart — 
California  by  the  Sea. 


SAK  BERXARDIXO  AXD  K1\-F.RSIDE  COUXTIES       1009 

Many  of  his  poems  show  a  passion  for  ideals,  many  flame  with 
the  spirit  of  opposition  to  tyranny,  many  indicate  a  deep  knowledge  of 
the  things  of  God,  others  show  a  new  orientation.  He  can  imprison 
the  colors  of  the  rainbow,  the  heart  of  a  rose,  the  white  lace  of  the 
waterfall,  the  music  of  the  birds  and  of  the  spheres,  and  all  the  wonder 
and  beauty  of  God's  handiwork  and  weave  them  into  a  shimmering 
robe  of  poesy  of  graceful  line,  leaving  a  lesson  for  all  men  to  read 
and  love. 

Mr.  Ayers  is  a  valued  and  honored  member  of  many  clubs  and  soci- 
eties, not  alone  because  of  his  poetic  gifts  but  because  he  is  one  of 
nature's  noblemen,  a  true  son  of  the  Southland.  One  of  his  poems  sung 
to  the  air  of  "Maryland,  my  Maryland,"  is  sung  at  the  Present  Day 
Club — "Riverside,  my  Riverside."     Two  of  the  six  stanzas  are : 

I  know  a  city  wondrous  fair. 

Where  orange  bloom  perfumes  the  air. 

And  birds  are  singing  everywhere. 

Riverside,  my  Riverside. 

Above  her  towers  Mount  Rubidoux 
Where  Easter  pilgrims  ever  go, 
While  mission  bells  ring  sweet  and  low 
In  Riverside,  blest  Riverside. 

At  the  Lincoln  Day  program  in  Corona  and  the  unveiling  of  the 
Lincoln  portrait  Mr.  Ayers'  poem  on  Lincoln  was  an  unusual  feature, 
one  verse  of  which  is  here  given  : 

A  hand  reaches  down  through  the  mist  of  the  years 
A  hand  that  steadies,  a  hand  that  cheers, 
A  hand  that  relieves  all  our  doubts  and  fears, 
'Tis  the  hand  of  the  martyred  Lincoln. 
His    patriotism    is    deep    and    strong,    typically    Californian.      His 
poems  "After  the  War,  What?"  "The  New  Battle  Hymn  of  the  Repub- 
lic," "The  West's  Battle  Cry,"  "What  is  the  Cause?"  "A  Prayer  for 
Peace,"  have  been  published  everywhere  for  the  message  they  carry. 
".America  is  now  Awake"  was  a  favorite.    His  poems  on  mother  love 
touch    the    heart,    from    "To    Mother    Mine,"    "Mother    of    Men,"    to 
"Mother's  Birthday."     His  poems  on  religion  carry  conviction  to  the 
soul.     Very  rarely  he  pens  some  humorous  verse,  and  they  are  really 
that.     His  verses  are  published,  some  of  them,  in  an  artistic  volume, 
"Some  Dreams  of  a  California   Poet,"  and  the  public  is  waiting  for 
the  volumes  of  all  his  verse  to  be  published  and  placed  on  the  market. 
One  of  the  most  symbolical  of  his  poems,  published  recently  and 
attended  with  wide  publicity,  is  "The   Potter  and   the   Clay"   which 
follows 

The  Potter  wrought  with  patience  and  care 

Beautiful  vessels  of  clay, 
They  were  made  for  the  King,  and  in  their  design 

They  were  fit  for  a  King  to  display. 

But  before  they  were  used,  these  vessels  rare 

Must  be  burned  in  the  fire's  fierce  ray. 

From  the  hardening  fire  some  vessels  came 

More  beautiful  than  before. 
But  some  were  scarred  and  some  were  marred 

With  flaws  no  hand  could  restore 
And  these  the  potter  would  cast  aside 

They  were  useful  to  him  no  more. 


1010       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

The  perfect  vessels  were  given  the  King 

And  they  graced  his  palace  fair, 
But  the  scarred  and  marred  were  ground  to  dust 

In  the  mill  of  the  potter  there, 
That  out  of  the  dust  might  be  shaped  again 

Forms  that  were  passing  fair. 

The  nations  today  are  the  vessels  rare 

That  the  potter   has   sought  to  glean 
And  the  fires  of  God  are  testing  them  out 

Ere  their  beautiful  shapes  are  seen, 
And  some  will  come  from  the  testing  fire 
More  perfect  in  form  and  sheen. 

But  some  will  fail  in  the  testing  time 

And  their  beauty  will  pass  away 
And  into  the  hopper  they'll  go  again 

To  be  ground  to  original  clay, 
That  the  potter  may  mould  their  shapes  once  more 

Fit  for  the  King's  display. 

And  the  dust  of  the  nation's  ground  again 

Will  be  wet  with  blood  and  tears 
And  the  shapes  they  form  'neath  the  potter's  hand 

Will  be  filled  with  hopes  and  fears, 
For  the  testing  time  will  come  again 

In  the  passing  of  the  years. 

The  potter  is  true  and  the  King  is  wise 

And  naught  that  is  false  shall  endure 
And  the  vessels  that  grace  his  palace  fair 

Must  be  faultless,  clean  and  pure. 
It  is  only  such  that  can  stand  the  test 

Which  to  each  remaineth  sure. 

His  Americanism  is  in  part  the  product  of  several  generations  of 
rugged  contact  with  the  frontier  of  American  life.  Mr.  Ayers  was 
born  in  Linn  County,  Kansas,  September  25,  1874,  son  of  William  H. 
and  Mary  M.  (Minnie  Newell)  Ayers.  His  father  was  born  in  Erie 
County,  Pennsylvania,  In  1845,  and  his  mother  in  Iowa  in  1846.  His 
grandfather,  Dr.  Samuel  Ayers,  moved  with  his  family  to  Ohio,  and  in 
1857  established  a  home  in  "bleeding  Kansas,"  and  in  the  days  of 
border  warfare  was  associated  with  members  of  the  John  Brown 
family.  William  H.  Ayers  during  the  Civil  war  was  a  member  of 
Company  M,  Fifteenth  Kansas  Cavalry.  He  married  in  Linn  County, 
and  he  and  his  wife  lived  there  until  they  came  West  to  Highgrove, 
California,  Their  children  were :  S.  F.,  now  at  San  Diego ;  Augusta, 
wife  of  J.  W.  Adams,  of  Los  Angeles;  Rollin  H.,  a  Methodist  minister 
at  Fort  Collins ;  Wilbur  W.,  and  E.  L.,  at  Santa  Ana. 

W.  W.  Ayers  acquired  a  public  school  education  in  Kansas,  also 
attended  normal  school,  and  for  a  time  taught  in  his  native  county. 
It  was  in  1897  he  came  West,  first  locating  at  Albany,  Oregon,  where 
he  was  employed  in  the  Albany  Woolen  Mills.  A  year  later  he 
moved  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  was  connected  with  a  Great  Ameri- 
can Tea  Importing  Company.     Then,  in  1898,  he  took  charge  of  the 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIX'ERSIDE  COUNTIES       1011 

Riverside  branch  of  that  business,  and  that  was  his  active  business 
connection  for  "^ix  years. 

Following  that  he  opened  a  merchandise  store  in  Highgrove  with 
his  younger  brother.  Soon  afterwards  he  was  appointed  postmaster, 
an  office  he  filled  seventeen  years.  The  quarters  of  his  first  store 
were  soon  outgrown,  and  he  erected  a  more  adequate  store  building 
and  the  business  has  steadily  increased  in  volume  and  patronage. 

Mr.  Ayers  has  associated  himself  with  many  of  the  movements  and 
undertakings  that  have  best  expressed  the  community'  ideals  of  High- 
grove.  He  is  an  official  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  for 
twelve  years  has  been  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School.  He  is 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Highgrove  Improvement  Association, 
under  whose  auspices  many  of  the  civic  enterprises  have  been  launched 
and  brought  to  successful  issue.  This  association  bought  and  paid 
for  the  community  hall,  where  all  community  gatherings  are  held 
and  which  has  been  of  great  value  in  fostering  community  spirit. 
Mr.  Ayers  is  a  republican,  and  is  affiliated  with  Riverside  Lodge  No. 
282,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  Mrs.  Ayers  is  very  active 
in  Red  Cross  work,  also  in  church,  and  a  member  of  the  Woman's 
Relief  Corps. 

December  25,  1898,  he  married  Miss  Stella  Stephenson,  a  native 
of  Sedgwick,  Kansas.  Her  father  was  Homer  Stephenson,  one  of 
the  prominent  citizens  of  Riverside  County.  Her  mother  was  Adora 
A.  (Morgan)  Stephenson,  a  native  of  Ohio.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ayers  have 
four  children:  Ronald  W.,  who  graduated  from  the  electrical  train- 
ing school  at  Mare  Island  as  a  second  class  electrician;  Arthur  M., 
who  graduated  in  1921  from  the  Riverside  Polytechnic  High  School ; 
W.  Walter,  a  member  of  the  class  of  1924  at  the  Riverside  High 
School ;  Newell  Morgan,  a  grammar  school  boy. 

Frank  Ernest  Redans  is  one  of  the  most  popular  men  in  Corona, 
is  town  marshal,  and  has  been  well  satisfied  to  believe  that  all  his  inter- 
ests are  permanently   identified  with  this  community. 

Mr.  Redans  was  formerly  in  the  railway  service,  and  his  family 
presents  perhaps  a  unique  record  of  wholesale  devotion  to  railroading. 
Mr.  Redans  was  born  September  6,  1881,  at  BufTalo,  New  York,  son 
of  Ernest  J.  and  Emma  (Kurtz)  Redans.  His  mother  was  born  at 
Attica,  New  York,  while  his  father  is  a  native  of  Portage,  New  York. 
The  first  and  only  position  Ernest  J.  Redans  ever  held  has  been  with  the 
Erie  Railway  Company.  He  has  been  in  the  employ  of  that  company  fifty- 
three  years,  running  back  to  a  time  when  this  was  a  narrow  gauge  rail- 
way. He  is  the  oldest  conductor  on  the  Erie  running  out  of  Buffalo. 
When  he  was  eight  years  of  age  he  lost  the  sight  of  one  eye,  and  it  is 
believed  that  his  is  the  only  case  in  history  where  a  man  thus  afflicted  has 
qualified  and  rendered  the  highest  efficiency  of  service  as  a  railway 
conductor.  He  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Order  of  Railway  Conduc- 
tors No.  2  and  is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Order.  He  and  his  wife 
have  made  four  visits  to  Corona,  and  plan  to  locate  there  permanently 
and  enjoy  this  as  the  home  of  their  declining  years. 

Ernest  J.  Redans  has  six  brothers,  all  of  whom  have  been  in  the 
employ  of  the  Erie  Railway  Company.  Four  of  the  seven  are  still  with 
the  company,  two  as  conductors  and  two  as  engineers.  Of  the  three  who 
left  the  service  one  died,  one  retired  and  the  other  is  now  a  stockman. 
The  record  extends  itself  still  further  by  the  statement  that  six  out  of 
the  eight  sons  of  these  brothers  are  employed  in  railroad  work,  one  being 
a  superintendent  for  the  Rock  Island  Company  and  the  other  a  super- 
intendent with  the  Union  Pacific. 


1012       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Frank  Ernest  Redans  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Lock- 
port  and  Buffalo,  and  from  high  school  attended  St.  John's  Military 
Academy  at  Manlius,  New  York.  After  completing  his  education  he 
immediately  took  up  raih-oading,  and  his  own  .services  and  experiences 
make  up  another  chapter  in  the  remarkable  family  history. 

He  was  successively  fireman,  brakeman,  switchman  and  in  the  detec- 
tive department.  Once  he  had  a  narrow  escape  from  death  while  riding 
in  the  cab.  A  warning  cry  from  the  fireman  caused  him  to  jump  and 
he  escaped,  while  the  engineer  and  fireman  were  severely  injured.  Mr. 
Redans  was  with  the  Northern  Pacific  in  Dakota  four  years.  He  left 
the  railroad  to  work  on  a  cattle  ranch  in  Wyoming,  but  found  that  he 
could  not  break  away  permanently  from  his  old  vocation.  Going  back 
to  Buffalo,  he  was  put  in  charge  of  the  railroad  yards  of  the  Lackawanna 
Steel  Plant,  remaining  there  a  year,  and  then  removed  to  West  Newton, 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  with  the  Boiler  and  Radiator  \A'orks  for  a  year 
and  a  half.  For  another  year  he  was  inspector  for  the  Standard  Steel 
Car  Company  at  Butler,  Pennsylvania,  and  for  five  years  was  in  detective 
service  for  the  New  York  Central  Railway  at  Buffalo. 

About  that  time  he  was  seized  with  the  California  Fever,  and  going 
to  Los  Angeles  spent  a  year  working  under  District  Attorney  Fredericks. 
This  was  in  1913.  He  than  went  back  East  and  resumed  his  duties 
as  detective  on  the  New  York  Central.  It  required  less  than  a  vear  to 
convince  him  that  his  affections  were  permanently  placed  in  California. 

Mr.  Redans  began  what  he  believes  and  hopes  is  his  permanent  resi- 
dence in  Corona  on  June  15,  1915.  He  was  a  peace  officer  of  the  town 
three  years  and  in  1918  was  elected  marshal,  his  present  post  of  duty. 

Mr.  Redans  is  also  a  member  of  the  Corona  Board  of  Health.  Fra- 
ternally he  is  affiliated  with  the  Masons.  Elks  and  Knights  of  Pythias. 
He  married  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  in  1905  Miss  Bell  Loreta  Davis,  a 
native  of  Tawas,  Michigan.  Mrs.  Redans  is  a  member  of  the  Eastern 
Star,  the  Woman's  Improvement  Club  of  Corona  and  the  Episcopal 
Church.  Mr.  Redans'  mother  is  a  member  of  the  Eastern  Star  and  of 
the  Episcopal  Church. 

First  N.\tioxal  Bank  of  Corona. — The  oldest  bank  in  Corona 
and  one  of  the  older  banking  institutions  of  Riverside  County  is  the 
Citizens  Bank,  which  was  organized  in  1888.  This  bank  is  now  owned 
by  the  stockholders  of  the  F"irst  National  Bank,  and  is  operated  exclu- 
sively as  a  savings  bank. 

The  history  of  the  First  National  Bank  begins  with  August,  1905, 
when  it  was  organized.  Its  president  for  many  years  was  Mr.  A.  J. 
Ware,  who,  while  not  personally  identified  with  the  management,  brought 
to  its  aft'airs  the  benefit  of  his  conservative  ideas  and  exoerience.  When 
he  retired  from  the  presidency  on  account  of  other  business  in  1919  he 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Harding,  one  of  the  very  active  and  promising 
young  business  men  of  Corona. 

George  E.  Snidecor.  who  had  been  a  merchant  and  banker  in  north- 
western states,  took  the  post  of  vice  president  of  the  First  National 
Bank  in  1909  and  cashier  of  the  Citizens  Bank,  and  is  still  connected 
with  both  of  these  institutions.  His  brother,  F.  E.  Snidecor.  in  1912 
became  assistant  cashier  of  the  First  National  Bank,  and  in  1913  was 
cho.sen  cashier  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  bv  the  resignation  of  G.  P. 
McCorkle.  The  present  officers  of  the  Citizens  Bank  are  T.  C.  Jameson, 
pre.sident ;  T.  O.  Andrews,  vice  president ;  Georee  E.  Snidecor.  cashier ; 
C.  C.  Harrineton,  assistant  cashier,  with  R.  L.  Willets  and  L.  I.  Andrews, 
directors.     The  present  officers  of  the  First  National  Bank  are  George 


.SAN  KFRNARnTNO  AND  RIVRRSIDK  (OllN  ril£S        1013 

E.  Snidecor,  president ;  Chester  A.  Harding,  vice  president ;  F.  E.  Snide- 
cor,  cashier ;  P.  L.  Hudson,  assistant  cashier ;  while  the  directors  are 
T.  O.  Andrews,  D.  W.  Glenn,  F.  S.  Johnson,  J.  W.  Rowe,  G.  W.  Water- 
bury  and  R.  L.  Willetts. 

In  1912  the  First  National  Bank  had  capital  and  surplus  of  thirty 
thousand  dollars,  while  the  volume  credited  to  those  heads  in  1921  is 
over  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  The  total  resources  in  1908  were  a 
hundred  twenty  thousand  dollars,  and  in  1921,  eight  hundred  and  fifty 
tliousand  dollars.  The  combined  resources  of  the  two  banks  now  total 
over  a  million  dollars.  On  the  old  site  has  been  erected  a  new  and  com- 
modious bank  home,  which  has  been  occupied  by  the  two  banks  since 
1920.  It  is  one  of  the  handsome  banking  houses  of  Southern  California, 
has  complete  modern  furniture,  fixtures  and  equipment,  including  elec- 
trically protected  safe  deposit  vaults.  There  is  a  large  directors  room, 
and  as  many  of  the  patrons  are  women  a  rest  room  is  provided  for  them. 

George  E.  Snidecor,  president  of  the  First  National  Bank,  was  born 
in  Marshall  County,  Iowa,  January  13,  1869,  and  the  following  year 
his  parents,  John  N.  and  Millie  C.  (Clary)  Snidecor,  moved  to  Cherokee 
County  in  that  state  and  located  near  the  village  of  Cherokee.  He  grew 
up  there,  graduating  from  high  school  in  1887,  and  later  was  a  student 
for  a  year  and  a  half  in  the  Iowa  State  University.  After  leaving  uni- 
versity Mr.  Snidecor  became  associated  with  his  father  in  the  mercantile 
business  at  Washta,  Iowa.  He  remained  in  Iowa  until  1907,  when  he 
moved  out  to  the  State  of  \\'ashington  and  for  a  year  was  cashier  of 
the  Ephrata  Bank.  He  then  came  to  Southern  California,  and  since  1909 
has  been  the  active  executive  in  the  First  National  Bank  of  Corona. 

Mr.  Snidecor  has  recognized  his  resijonsibilities  to  the  community 
as  well  as  to  his  bank,  and  has  worked  energeticallv  in  behalf  of  citv 
improvement.  He  is  a  staunch  republican  in  politics,  an  active  member 
end  director  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is  affiliated  with  the 
Masonic  Lodge,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  Knights  of  Pythias 
and  the  Congregational   Church. 

At  Cherokee.  Iowa,  in  October,  189,^.  be  married  Miss  Jessie  Ferrin. 
She  died  May  3,  1909.  April  7.  1917.  he  married  at  Pasadena  Miss 
Marion  Kimmell.  who  was  reared  at  Hemet.  California. 

Fred  E.  Snidecor.  cashier  of  the  First  National  Bank,  was  born  at 
Cherokee.  Iowa.  March  1.  1884.  ?radunted  from  hi<ih  school  there  in 
1899.  and  received  the  Bachelor  of  Phi'o'^onhv  degree  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Iowa  in  1905.  He  has  hid  a  bankintr  exnerience  covering 
most  of  the  vcars  since  he  left  universitv.  ^^'hiIe  in  the  bankingr  business 
at  Wilson  Creek  ^^'ashineton  he  homesteaded  a  hundred  sixtv  acres 
nearby.  He  was  assistant  ca^^hier  nf  the  Citizens  State  Bank  at  Wilson 
Creek  from  1906  to  1900  and  from  1909  to  1911  was  ca=hier  of  the 
Ka'isnell  \'allev  Bank  at  U-k.  Washintrton. 

He  came  to  Corona  in  191?  and  was  assistant  cashier  until  1913, 
when  he  was  promoted  to  ca'shier  of  the  First  National  Bank,  and  is 
also  one  of  its  director^.  He  is  a  staunch  renublican.  attends  the  Con- 
trreerational  Church,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Corona  Countrv  Club.  He 
held  the  chair  of  noble  grand  in  the  Tndeijendent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows 
in  1908  and  was  master  of  Tcmescal  Lodge  of  Masons  at  Corona  in 
1917  and  1918. 

At  Walla  Walla.  Washington,  in  December,  1909,  Mr.  Snidecor  mar- 
ried Miss  Adora  B.  Brewer,  who  was  born  at  Seattle,  Washington,  but  was 
reared  and  educated  at  \\'n\h  Walla,  daughter  of  John  F.  and  .'\dora  B. 
Brewer.  Mr.  and  Airs.  F,  F.  Snidecor  have  two  children,  Roliert  Brewer, 
born  in  1013,  and  Dorothy  Lnella,  born  in  1918. 


1014       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Ryland  a.  Newton  is  propurietor  of  a  very  handsome  and  successful 
automobile,  garage  and  sales  agency  at  Corona,  a  business  for  which 
he  is  eminently  well  qualified  and  in  which  he  has  demonstrated  his 
ability  by  a  progressive  record  extending  over  a  period  of  six  years. 

Mr.  Newton  was  born  at  Wayne,  Nebraska,  May  3,  1894.  His 
grandfather  was  a  native  of  Canada  and  his  father,  Dennis  E.  Newton, 
was  born  in  Iowa.  His  grandfather,  Lawson  Newton,  lived  in  Corona 
for  thirty-five  years  prior  to  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1914.  The 
grandfather  and  pioneer  selected  a  location  near  the  railroad,  but  when 
the  town  of  Corona  was  built  up  the  development  occurred  some  dis- 
tance from  the  railroad,  so  that  his  land  did  not  derive  the  full  benefit. 

Ryland  A.  Newton  attended  grammar  schools  at  Wayne,  Nebraska, 
and  completed  his  high  school  education  in  Corona.  For  two  years 
he  worked  on  a  salary,  and  in  1915  bought  out  a  garage  business  623 
Main  Street,  where  he  is  still  located.  The  previous  year  the  gross 
business  of  this  garage  amounted  to  about  six  hundred  dollars.  Dur- 
ing his  first  year  he  did  a  business  of  ten  thousand  dollars,  and  in 
1920  the  volume  of  business  rose  to  the  gratifying  figures  of  a  hun- 
dred and  ten  thousand  dollars,  all  of  which  demonstrates  the  quality 
of  enterprise  that  is  characteristic  of  Mr.  Newton.  He  has  the  au- 
thorized Ford  agency  for  Corona,  and  has  a  repair  force  working  ex- 
clusively on  Ford  cars.  During  1920  he  bought  the  site  of  his  business 
and  erected  a  modern  garage  and  sales  room  at  a  cost  of  twenty 
thousand  dollars.  The  sales  and  repair  department  cover  6,750  square 
feet,  and  he  also  carries  a  full  line  of  accessories. 

Mr.  Newton  is  a  director  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Corona  Country  Club.  Besides  his  automobile  garage  and 
sales  agency  he  has  other  business  and  residence  property,  and  his 
public  spirited  interests  are  completely  identified  with  his  home  city. 
He  and  Mrs.  Newton  are  members  of  the  Methodist  church. 

June  30,  1914,  he  married  Miss  Estelle  E.  Davis,  daughter  of 
former  Mayor  Edward  Davis  of  Corona.  Mrs.  Newton  was  educated 
in  the  grammar  and  high  schools  of  Corona.  They  have  two  children  : 
Donald  Edward,  born  in  1916,  and  Robert  Maurice  Newton,  born 
March  28,  1921. 

Dr.  Thomas  L.  Lorbeer,  osteopathic  physician  at  Riverside,  one  of 
the  foremost  representatives  of  his  profession  in  Southern  California, 
started  out  to  prepare  himself  in  the  regular  school  of  medicine, 
but  was  definitely  directed  into  osteopathy  where  his  special  talents 
have  enabled  him  to  handle  many  cases  successfully  that  were  the 
despair  of  other  medical  men. 

Dr.  Lorbeer  is  a  native  of  Iowa,  and  was  born  December  29,  1877, 
on  Eagle  Retreat  Farm  in  Humboldt  Count}'.  This  old  Lorbeer 
farm  adjoined  that  which  was  the  home  of  the  famous  wrestler  Frank 
Gotch.  His  father,  John  G.  Lorbeer,  was  born  in  Hanover,  Germany, 
and  spent  a  long  and  useful  life  as  an  Iowa  farmer.  His  death  in 
April,  1919,  at  the  age  of  eighty-six,  was  the  result  of  a  fall  from  a 
high  tree.  During  Civil  war  times  he  helped  organize  and  equip  a 
company,  and  his  brother  was  a  soldier  in  that  struggle.  He  was 
frequently  honored  in  his  home  district  in  Iowa  with  places  of  trust, 
such  as  road  supervisor.  John  G.  Lorbeer  married  Emma  Wicks, 
who  was  born  at  Stoves  Square,  New  York,  and  is  now  living  at 
Pomona.  California,  in  her  eighty-fifth  year,  still  preserving  good 
health.  She  represents  a  ])rominent  American  family,  running  back 
to  1636  and  of  English  ancestry.     Some  of  the  Wicks  name  founded 


c.^!(7>^^^?-<£-^^^ -'^^^T-zCe^^^' 


SAN  RRRNAJ^nTN-O  AND  K'TVPRSTDK  rOTIN'I'TES        1015 

a  town  on  Long  Island,  and  they  were  the  first  to  secede  from  the 
British  Government  and  furnished  ground  for  drilling  of  soldiers  and 
themselves  participated  in  the  war  for  independence. 

Dr.  Thomas  L.  Lorbeer  received  most  of  his  literarj'  education  at 
Wheaton,  Illinois,  where  he  attended  public  schools  and  one  year  was 
a  pupil  in  Wheaton  College.  In  1898,  on  account  of  ill  health,  he 
came  to  California  and  spent  one  year  on  the  ranch  of  his  sister  at 
La  Verne.  From  there  he  entered  Pomona  College  and  graduated 
A.  B.  with  the  class  of  1903,  having  majored  in  science.  For  a  num- 
ber of  3'ears  Dr.  Lorbeer  has  been  giving  prizes  of  ten  and  fifteen 
dollars  to  the  Pomona  College  students  in  anatomy  and  physiology 
for  the  best  written  essays  on  "How  to  Keep  Well." 

A  distinction  that  some  of  his  old  acquaintances  at  Riverside 
associate  with  him  is  that  Dr.  Lorbeer  conducted  the  first  moving 
picture  entertainment  in  the  town.  He  operated  a  moving  picture 
theater  here  in  1902,  and  also  in  the  following  summer.  He  also  gave 
illustrated  songs  and  pictures  and  moving  pictures  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  He  did  this  as  a  means  to  earn  the  money  for 
his  medical  education.  It  was  his  intention  to  enter  Rush  Medical 
College,  and  he  started  across  the  country  with  his  show.  In  Okla- 
homa he  was  badly  burned  by  an  explosion  of  an  ox-hydrogen  tank. 
While  sufifering  from  this  injury  he  went  to  an  uncle  at  Eldorado, 
Kansas.  His  uncle  advised  him  to  take  up  osteopathy.  Acting  on 
this  advice  he  sought  out  the  founder  of  osteopathy.  Dr.  A.  T.  Still, 
at  Kirksville,  Missouri,  and  went  to  work  for  Dr.  Still.  The  first 
night  he  spent  there  his  sleeping  quarters  were  the  first  class  room 
ever  used  for  osteopathic  instruction.  He  possessed  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  chemistry  as  a  groundwork  for  his  studies,  and  in  June, 
1906,  graduated  from  the  American  School  of  Osteopathy,  passing 
the  State  Board  of  Osteopathic  Examiners  July  17,  1906.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  Osteopathic  Association. 

The  principle  on  which  the  theory  of  osteopathy  is  practiced  is 
based  on  the  knowledge  that  the  body  is  built  on  mechanical  lines — 
no  machine  made  by  man  but  has  the  mechanical  concept  contained 
within  the  human  anatomical  machine.  The  student  of  osteopathy  is 
taught  what  the  perfect  human  machine  is,  or  should  be,  and  then  in 
practice,  as  he  finds  any  deviation  from  the  normal  or  perfect  body 
machine,  he  endeavors  by  mechanical  measures  to  adjust  the  struc- 
ture and  make  it  more  normal  and  perfect,  thus  establishing  harmony 
within  the  mechanical  body,  thereby  inducing  more  perfect  harmoni- 
f)us  action  of  the  chemical  and  mental  processes  of  the  bod}'.  Com- 
bind  with  mechanical  adjustments,  he  endeavors  by  directing  patients 
with  exercise  and  wholesome  diet  to  rebuild  the  machine  into  most 
perfect  human  form,  so  that  our  faculties  of  mind,  heart  and  flesh 
may  accomplish  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  intended. 

On  returning  to  California  Dr.  Lorbeer  practiced  two  years  at 
Fleniet  and  San  Jacinto  in  Riverside  County,  and  on  July  7.  1908. 
bought  Dr.  Edward  Mattock's  practice  in  the  Tetley  Block  at  River- 
side. He  has  been  in  active  practice  in  that  city  ever  since,  and  for 
about  ten  years  his  offices  have  been  in  the  Freeman  Building.  He 
has  always  practiced  alone,  and  his  work  covers  a  wide  range  and 
some  wonderful  cures  have  been  attributed  to  him,  though  he  modestly 
asserts  that  they  were  in  reality  simple  cases  that  yielded  to  the 
peculiar  advantages  of  osteopathy. 

Dr.  Lorbeer  is  a  member  of  the  State  and  County  Osteopathic 
Societv,  has  been  a  member  of  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce, 


1016       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  Present  Day  Club  for  ten  years,  the  Sierra  Club  of  California 
for  fourteen  years,  and  is  a  member  of  the  National  Travel  Club,  the 
National  Geographic  Society,  the  Society  for  Physical  Research,  the 
Tuesday  Music  Club,  and  is  a  republican  in  politics.  Dr.  Lorbeer  owns 
and  plans  to  develop  some  forty  acres  of  land  at  Blythe  and  also  a  ten 
acre  tract  he  owns  at  Crystal  Springs,  Florida. 

At  San  Gabriel,  June  15,  1916,  Dr.  Lorbeer  married  Miss  Florence 
E.  Patrick.  She  was  born  at  Wheaton,  Illinois,  daughter  of  the  late 
G.  W.  Patrick,  who  was  a  minister.  I.  E.  Ingraham,  an  uncle  of  Mrs. 
Lorbeer,  is  her  foster  father  and  cared  for  her  from  the  time  she  was 
four  years  of  age  and  gave  her  a  fine  muscial  education.  He  is  a 
native  of  Vermont,  now  seventy-one  years  of  age,  residing  at  San 
Gabriel  and  active  in  his  chosen  vocation  of  carpentering.  He  came 
to  Los  Angeles  in  1901,  and  has  constructed  many  Southern "  Cali- 
fornia buildings.  He  assisted  in  the  construction  of  the  Mission 
Play  House  of  San  Gabriel. 

^'Irs.  Lorbeer's  mother  was  a  prominent  vocal  soloist  of  Chicago. 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  Lorbeer  have  two  children,  Alice  Louise  and  Thomas. 
Jr.  Mrs.  Lorbeer  was  liberally  educated  in  music  and  is  a  talented 
soloist.  While  at  Riverside  she  was  soloist  in  the  Baptist  Church 
one  year  and  the  following  year  at  the  Congregational  Church,  and 
was  then  chosen  musical  director. 

George  Myron  Bl.mr  has  to  his  credit  a  genuine  achievement  in  the 
difficult  field  of  journalism.  The  Corona  Daily  Independent  is  re- 
garded as  not  only  a  very  influential  and  worth  while  newspaper,  but 
also  a  successful  business  institution,  and  every  phase  of  its  prosper- 
ous history  proceeds  from  impulses  given  by  Mr.  Blair  as  editor  and 
manager  and  now  as  sole  proprietor. 

Mr.  Blair  came  to  California  eighteen  years  ago.  He  was  then  a 
young  man  of  twenty,  only  recently  out  of  college.  He  was  born 
at  Lynn,  Randolph  County,  Indiana,  July  12,  1884,  son  of  Dr.  and 
Mrs.'james  S.  Blair.  His"  father  died"  at  Lynn,  April  1,  1913,  after 
having  practiced  medicine  in  that  community  thirty-four  years.  The 
mother  died  just  a  year  after  her  husband.  George  Myron  Blair  has 
a  sister,  Mrs.  Ida  B.  Converse,  of  Madison,  Wisconsin.  His  brother. 
Dr.  James  B.  Blair,  lived  at  Decatur,  Illinois,  and  was  killed  in  an 
automobile  accident  in  October,  1920.  He  was  the  patentee  of  Blair's 
"Safindicator."  a  direction  signaling  device  for  automobiles. 

George  Myron  Blair  acquired  his  education  from  the  Lynn,  In- 
diana, High  School,  from  which  he  graduated,  and  in  the  Ohio  Wes- 
leyan  University  of  Delaware.  On  coming  to  California  in  1904  he 
joined  the  stafi  of  the  Long  Beach  Daily  Telegram.  In  the  latter 
part  of  1905  he  went  with  the  San  Pedro  News.  In  1906  he  returned 
East,  and  on  June  2,  married  Miss  Helen  G.  Jukes,  of  Maryville, 
Tennessee.  They  had  been  schoolmates  at  Ohio  Wesleyan  Uni- 
versity. 

After  his  marriage  Mr.  Blair  returned  to  California  and  resumed 
his  place  with  the  San  Pedro  News.  He  left  it  in  the  summer  of 
1907,  and  spent  several  of  the  succeeding  months  in  traveling  over 
Southern  California,  seeking  a  suitable  place  for  his  independent  en- 
terprise as  a  newspaper  man.  November  19,  1908,  he  began  his 
permanent  connection  with  Corona.  At  that  time  the  Independent 
was  owned  by  a  stock  company,  and  under  a  succession  of  managers 
had  constantly  disai)|)ointcd  the  stockholders  and  also  the  public, 
which  held  the  paiicr  in  very  low  esteem.      Mr.  Blair  made  arrange- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1017 

mcnts  to  install  a  linotype  machine  and  do  the  composition  for  a  lessee 
of  the  plant.  The  lessee  after  five  months  gave  up  the  task  of  meet- 
ing the  current  expenses,  and  at  that  juncture  Mr.  Blair  leased  the 
plant.  The  Independent  was  then  published  as  a  semi-weekly,  five 
column  paper.  Air.  Blair  with  a  courage  and  determination  that 
accounts  for  his  success,  set  to  work  to  recover  lost  ground,  and  put 
The  Independent  into  a  position  as  an  influential  organ  of  public 
opinion.  It  was  a  difficult  struggle  at  the  beginning,  but  in  the 
meantime  the  people  of  Corona  came  to  appreciate  what  he  was  doing, 
one  recognition  of  this  fact  being  the  payment  of  many  long  due  bill>. 
New  business  came  in  sufficient  volume  to  enable  him  to  obtain  com- 
plete control  in  1911.  However,  he  continued  the  stock  company 
until  April.  1914,  when  it  was  dissolved  and  he  acquired  full  owner- 
ship. 

Mr.  Blair  now  publishes  the  only  daily  paper  in  Riverside  County 
outside  the  City  of  Riverside.  The  first  daily  issue  appeared  Septem- 
ber 11,  191,1  The  weekly  was  continued,  however,  until  it  became 
certain  that  the  daily  would  be  given  sufficient  support.  The  daily 
and  weekly  were  combined  February  1,  1914.  It  is  now  a  six-column 
paper,  all  home  print,  linotype  composition,  and  the  old  fashioned 
drum  cylinder  press  has  been  replaced  by  a  two-revolution  Hoe  press. 
September  1,  1912,  the  plant  was  moved  from  the  little  red  brick 
building  on  East  Sixth  Street  to  specially  arranged  quarters  in  its 
present  location  in  the  Corona  National  Bank  Building,  110-112  West 
Sixth  Street. 

July  1,  1920,  Mr.  Blair  purchased  the  Corona  Courier  and  is  now 
publishing  that  weekly  paper  from  The  Independent  plant.  Prior 
to  this  move  he  carefully  canvassed  the  Corona  merchants  with  a, 
view  to  gaining  their  opinions  regarding  the  proposed  venture.  Al- 
most without  exception  the  one  newspaper  plant  idea  was  backed  by 
the  merchants'  signatures,  and  on  June  22,  the  bill  of  sale  was  signed 
transferring  the  Courier  from  C.  F.  Hildrelh  on  July  1,  1920.  Mr. 
Blair  has  a  complete  newspaper  equipment  that  would  be  a  credit  to 
a  city  many  times  the  size  of  Corona.  He  has  unlimited  faith  in  the 
community,  its  future  development,  and  the  liberal  support  given  to 
The  Independent  shows  that  his  efforts  have  been  appreciated. 

Mr.  Blair  is  a  member  with  Temescal  Lodge  of  IVIasons  at  Corona 
and  is  a  member  of  Gamma  Chapter  of  the  Sigma  Chi  college  frater- 
nity. Mr.  and  Mrs.  Blair  have  two  .sons,  Eugene,  born  in  1912,  and 
Walter  Edmond,  born  in  1914. 

John  E.  King. — The  profession  to  which  John  F..  King  has  devoted 
himself  most  consistently  is  that  of  printing  and  journalism,  an  ex- 
perience that  covers  forty  years.  At  different  times  and  places  he 
has  been  a  leader  in  the  democratic  party,  and  his  name  is  influentially 
known  in  Minnesota  and  Montana,  and  during  the  past  ten  years  he 
has  earned  a  share  of  distinction  in  Riverside  County  as  editor,  pub- 
lisher and  public  official  at  Hemet. 

Mr.  King  was  born  August  27,  1870,  at  Laketon,  Wabash  County, 
Indiana,  son  of  Daniel  J.  and  Mary  (Grisso)  King.  His  father  was  a 
Union  soldier,  a  private  in  an  Ohio  regiment  of  infantry  during  the 
Civil  war.  John  E.  King  attended  common  schools  in  Indiana,  but 
his  real  education  was  acquired  in  the  practical  university  of  a  print- 
ing shop.  He  has  always  had  a  vivid  memory  of  the  time  as  well  as 
the  circumstances  when  he  started  to  set  type.  It  was  the  day  that 
President  Garfield  was  assassinated,  July  2.  1881.     After  his  appren- 


1018       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ticeship  in  the  printing  trade  he  embarked  in  the  broader  field  of 
journalism  and  established  his  first  newspaper  in  October,  1888,  known 
as  the  Larchwood  (Iowa)  Leader.  Not  long  afterward  he  moved  to 
Minnesota,  and  at  Adrian  established  the  Noble  County  Democrat  in 
1892.  In  1901  he  bought  the  Red  Lake  Falls  Gazette  in  the  same 
state.  In  1911,  with  Governor  Frank  A.  Day,  he  started  the  Missoula 
Daily  Sentinel  of  Montana,  one  of  the  foremost  papers  of  the  North- 
west. 

Mr.  King  has  been  a  resident  of  Hemet,  California,  since  1912,  at 
which  time  he  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  Hemet  News,  which  is 
now  published  by  the  firm  of  King  &  Monroe.  In  addition  to  his 
duties  as  a  newspaper  editor  and  publisher  Mr.  King  since  1916  has 
been  postmaster  of  Hemet.  He  is  also  active  in  the  financial  life  of 
that  Riverside  community,  being  both  vice  president  and  a  director 
of  the  First  National  Bank  and  a  director  of  the  Home  Builders'  As- 
sociation of  Hemet. 

Mr.  King  has  a  public  record  that  is  interesting  both  for  the 
service  rendered  and  his  associations  with  prominent  men  of  affairs. 
He  was  postmaster  at  Adrian,  Minnesota,  from  1894  to  1899,  and  a 
member  of  the  Minnesota  State  Board  of  Equalization  in  1900-01. 
During  the  years  1905  to  1911  he  was  state  librarian  of  Minnesota, 
and  during  1908-10  was  president  of  the  National  Association  of 
State  Librarians.  He  is  now  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
the  Hemet  Public  Library.  He  was  president  of  the  Southern  Cali- 
fornia Editorial  Association  for  1919-21,  and  in  1921  was  vice  presi- 
dent for  California  of  the  National  California  Association. 

Mr.  King  while  in  Minnesota  was  candidate  for  the  Legislature  to 
represent  Noble  County  in  1894,  and  in  1904  was  candidate  for  Secre- 
tary of  state.  He  was  one  of  the  ardent  admirers  and  active  promo- 
ters of  the  political  aspirations  of  Minnesota's  great  statesman,  the 
late  John  A.  Johnson,  and  was  manager  of  the  press  bureau  for 
Governor  Johnson  at  St.  Paul  during  three  campaigns.  In  1908  he 
was  secretary  of  the  John  A.  Johnson  presidential  campaign  commit- 
tee, with  headquarters  at  Chicago.  Mr.  King  is  a  director  of  the 
Hemet  Valley  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  was  a  leader  in  all  the 
local  drives  during  the  World  war.  He  is  a  past  chancellor  com- 
mander of  the  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  a  member  of  the  Tahquitz 
Country  Club  at  Hemet. 

At  Laketon,  Indiana,  June  12,  1895,  Mr.  King  married  Miss  Georgia 
Duncan,  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah  Duncan.  They  have  two  chil- 
dren :  Homer  D.  King,  now  managing  editor  of  the  Hollywood  Daily 
Citizen,  and  Miss  Helen  King,  a  senior  in  Pomona  College. 

Glenn  A.  Calkins  by  virtue  of  over  twelve  years  of  service  is  one 
of  the  veteran  automobile  men  of  Riverside  County,  and  for  ten  years 
has  been  the  authorized  agent  and  distributor  at  Riverside  for  the 
Ford  Motor  Company,  selling  the  Ford  cars  and  the  Fordson  tractors. 
He  established  this  business  in  1912  as  the  successor  of  A.  J.  Charl. 
At  that  time  the  business  was  at  446  Eighth  Street.  In  1913  the 
present  building  was  erected  at  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  Lime  Streets. 
It  is  now  one  of  the  largest  establishments  devoted  to  the  automobile 
business  in  the  city  and  affords  15,000  square  feet  of  floor  space. 
There  are  twenty-five  people  employed  in  the  business.  Besides  the 
sale  and  distribution  of  the  Ford  cars  and  Fordson  tractors  there  is 
a  complete  Ford  service  and  also  a  complete  accessory  stock.     Mr. 


/k  ^ 


.u^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1019 

Calkins  for  several  years  has  made  a  record  of  selling  fifty  cars  a  month 
and  fifty  tractors  per  year. 

Mr.  Calkins  was  born  at  Perry,  Michigan,  May  15,  1889.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Lansing,  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen 
came  to  California.  The  first  six  months  were  spent  in  Rivera,  Cali- 
fornia, was  then  on  an  orange  ranch  near  there,  and  in  1906  went  to 
Needles,  California,  and  was  an  employe  of  the  Santa  Fe  Company 
eight  months.  For  three  months  he  was  at  Los  x^ngeles,  then  was 
shipping  clerk  for  a  year  for  the  Hobbs  Wall  Lumber  Company  at 
Crescent  City,  and  for  another  year  was  at  Los  Angeles  with  the  Pacific 
Electric  Company,  in  the  excursion  department. 

Mr.  Calkins  in  1910  became  associated  with  the  Standard  Motor 
Company  of  Los  Angeles,  and  after  two  years  with  that  firm  he  came 
to  Riverside  to  take  the  Ford  agency. 

He  has  been  a  leader  in  every  line  of  business  and  civic  afifairs, 
is  a  former  president  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  still  a  director 
in  that  body,  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Rotary  Club,  for  several  years 
was  a  director  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  and  is  president  of  the  County 
Council  of  Bo}'  Scouts  Clubs.  Mr.  Calkins  is  a  republican,  a  deacon 
in  the  Christian  Church,  and  is  a  York  Rite  Mason  and  Shriner  and 
a  member  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks. 

September  1,  1910,  he  married  Miss  Alice  Mae  Fay,  of  Rivera. 
She  was  born  at  Redlands  and  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
that  city.     They  have  one  daughter,  Madeline  Fay. 

William  Augustus  Hayt— The  late  William  Augustus  Hayt,  of 
Riverside,  was  a  man  of  indomnitable  energy,  who  was  literally  in 
active  business  until  he  was  seventy-five  years  of  age,  after  which 
he  devoted  the  declining  years  of  his  life  to  closing  up  every  detail 
of  his  many  affairs.  Late  in  life  he  met  with  an  injury  which  forced 
him  to  take  to  a  wheel  chair,  but  this  accident  caused  no  cessation  of 
interest  in  the  city  which  he  loved.  Even  after  this  accident  he  took 
a  very  prominent  part  in  the  fight  for  the  Post  Office,  his  wife  joining 
him  in  his  efforts  and  entering  into  the  spirit  of  all  he  did.  He  and 
his  friends  bought  the  land  upon  which  the  Post  Office  and  Telephone 
Block  was  afterward  located,  turning  the  Government  site  over  when 
they  had  won  for  the  present  site.  His  idea  was  to  centralize  the  busi- 
ness buildings  of  the  city,  and  the  attractive  municipality  of  the  present 
day  is  largely  due  to  his  good  judgment  and  foresight.  Two  weeks 
before  he  passed  away  he  was  taken  down  town  so  that  he  might 
vote  in  the  local  election.  His  death  occurred  December  1,  1915,  when 
he  was  nearly  eighty-five  years  old. 

The  birth  of  William  Augustus  Hayt  occurred  at  Patterson,  New 
York,  January  22,  1831.  He  was  a  son  of  Harry  and  Thankful 
(Crosby)  Hayt,  and  grandson  of  Stephen  Hayt,  a  drummer  boy  in 
General  ^^'ashington's  troojis  during  the  American  Revolution.  The 
Hayt  family  is  of  English  origin.  Stephen  Hayt  became  a  farmer 
of  Putnam,  New  York,  after  the  close  of  the  American  Revolution, 
and  in  that  locality  his  son  Harry  was  born.  The  latter  after  he  had 
reached  years  of  maturity  became  a  successful  merchant  of  Patterson, 
New  York,  and  also  dealt  in  farm  lands  and.  slock.  He  was  also -prom- 
inent in  politics  as  a  whig,  and  when  he  died  at  the  age  of  fifty-four 
years  he  was  called  away  from  the  midst  of  an  active  and  useful  life. 
His  widow  survived  him  many  years,  dying  when  she  was  eighty-four 
years  old.    She  and  her  husband  had  seven  children  born  to  them. 


1020      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

William  Augustus  Hayt  attended  the  public  schools  and  academy 
of  Patterson,  and  at  the  death  of  his  father,  although  only  eighteen 
years  old,  he  assumed  charge  of  the  latter's  business  interests,  and 
for  several  years  operated  grist,  flour  and  plaster  mills.  This  exten- 
sive plant  was  destroyed  in  a  disastrous  flood  and  he  was  left  with 
a  heavy  debt.  From  1855  to  1859  Mr.  Hayt  had  charge  of  the  lum- 
bering interests  of  the  Hastings  Lumber  Company  at  Hastings, 
Minnesota. 

It  was  while  he  was  at  Hastings  that  Mr.  Hayt  decided  to  travel 
further  westward,  his  objective  point  being  Pike's  Peak,  Colorado. 
Loading  some  groceries  and  other  supplies  in  a  wagon  drawn  by 
mules,  he  started  on  the  long  journey  across  the  plains.  Among  his 
other  supplies  were  600  pounds  of  nails,  but  he  was  forced  to  leave 
them  along  the  way,  as  they  were  too  heavy  for  his  tired  mules,  but 
his  other  articles  met  with  a  ready  sale  all  along  the  route  to  Cali- 
fornia, he  having  decided  to  change  his  route  because  of  the  unfavor- 
able reports  he  received  from  travelers  who  were  on  their  way  back 
from  Colorado.  Because  of  the  excellent  prices  he  received  for  his 
goods  Mr.  Hayt  arrived  at  Sacramento  with  more  ready  money  than 
he  had  when  he  set  out  on  his  long  journey,  which  had  lasted  for 
four  and  one-half  months.  Investing  in  claims  at  Placerville,  he  spent 
the  winter  there  and  then  went  to  Gold  Hill,  Nevada,  where  he 
assisted  in  putting  in  the  first  shaft  in  the  Yellow  Jacket  Mine,  and 
helped  to  make  a  tunnel  into  the  Overman  Mine,  working  so  industri- 
ously that  in  1864  he  was  able  to  go  back  to  New  York  by  way  of  the 
Isthmus  of  Panama,  a  very  expensive  route,  but  one  much  more  lux- 
urious than  the  weary  one  across  the  plains.  Upon  his  arrival  in  his 
old  city  he  faithfully  discharged  every  debt  with  interest,  payng  out 
in  this  way  nearly  $3,000,  all  of  which  money  he  had  earned  by  hard 
work. 

It  was  his  intention  to  remain  in  Putnam  County,  and  he  began 
handling  cattle  and  carrying  on  similar  business,  but  the  lure  of  the 
West  was  too  strong  and  he  found  he  could  not  be  content  in  the 
East.  Therefore  he  returned  to  California  by  the  Isthmus  route,  and 
until  1869  was  engaged  in  a  commission  business  at  San  Francisco. 
In  the  latter  year  he  went  back  once  more  to  New  York,  this  time 
travelling  very  comfortablj'  on  the  trans-continental  railroad  lines 
which  by  that  time  had  been  completed.  For  about  ten  years  Mr. 
Hayt  was  engaged  in  the  cattle  business,  but  in  1879  he  went  to 
Sierra  Nevada  district  and  embarked  in  mining.  In  the  fall  of  that 
year  he  went  to  Petalunia  and  engaged  in  the  meat  business  with  his 
son  Charles,  where  he  remained  a  number  of  years.  He  took  a  trip 
through  .Southern  California  and  visited  Riverside.  .So  impressed  was 
he  with  the  aspects  of  the  city,  then  beginning  to  show  the  results 
of  the  efforts  of  the  pioneers,  that  he  decided  to  locate  here  perma- 
nently, and  bought  for  $300  a  lot  now  at  733  Main  Street,  where  for 
many  years  he  maintained  his  office.  Disposing  of  his  property  in 
the  East,  he  embarked  in  a  meat  business  at  Riverside,  and  in  the 
spring  of  1880  he  bought  the  Rubidoux  livery  stables  and  managed 
them  for  fifteen  months,  and  then  .sold.  Mr.  Hayt  then  erected  a 
large  stable,  and  when  his  business  outgrew  its  space,  bought  the 
corner  property  and  enlarged  his  premises,  taking  his  son,  C.  P.  Hayt, 
into  partnership  with  him.  A  man  of  great  foresight,  he  acquired 
ownership  of  one  of  the  local  stage  lines,  then  another,  until  he  had 
at  one  time  as  many  as  100  head  of  horses  working  on  these  lines, 
and   he  maintained  the  largest  livery  and  sales  stables  in   Southern 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RU'ERSIDE  COUNTIES       1021 

California.  Retiring  after  some  years  from  this  business,  his  son 
and  a  partner  continued  to  conduct  it. 

Desiring  to  leave  behind  him  some  permanent  and  substantial 
offerings  to  tlie  city,  Mr.  Hayt  erected  the  Hayt  Hlock  on  Seventh 
and  Main  streets,  and  built  another  block  of  the  same  size  adjacent 
to  it.  Together  with  three  others  he  erected  the  Loring  Opera  House, 
and  long  continued  president,  director  and  a  heav}-  stockholder  of 
the  company  managing  it  and  was  president  and  largest  stockholder 
at  the  time  of  his  death.  Many  of  the  handsome  residences  of  the 
city  were  built  by  him,  and  he  and  A.  S.  White  laid  out  White's  Addi- 
tion to  Riverside.  Together  with  Mr.  White  he  established  the  River- 
side Heights  Water  Company,  of  which  he  was  vice  president,  secre- 
tary, superintendent,  collector  and  a  director.  In  1888  he  was  the 
main  factor  in  securing  the  erection  of  the  Riverside  Gas  &  Electric 
Light  Company's  works,  of  which  he  was  president  and  manager  for 
a  long  period,  and  of  which  his  son,  C.  P.  Hayt,  was  secretary.  He 
and  Mr.  White  built  four  miles  of  the  first  street  railway  at  River- 
side, and  he  was  president  of  the  company  until  it  was  sold  to  the 
later  corporation.  He  was  president  and  director  of  Evergreen  Ceme- 
tery ;  vice  president  and  a  director  of  the  Riverside  &  Arlington  Elec- 
tric Street  Railway  Company.  He  assisted  in  organizing  the  Orange 
Growers'  Bank,  and  long  served  on  its  directorate.  With  Messrs. 
White  and  Sylvester  he  owned  the  Gold  Eagle  Mine,  and  was  inter- 
ested in  a  number  of  other  mining  properties.  Another  project  which 
stands  to  his  credit  is  the  fire  department,  for  he  organized  the  first 
one  at  Riverside  and  never  withdrew  his  support  from  this  important 
branch  of  the  city  government.  When  he  came  to  Riverside  he  had 
only  fifty  cents  in  cash.  At  that  time  Riverside  had  a  population  of 
400  people.  His  progress  was  steady  and  the  result  of  hard  work  and 
application,  and  when  he  died  he  was  one  of  the  most  popular  men  in 
the  city,  without  an  enemy  of  any  kind. 

Mr.  Hayt  was  the  pioneer  in  starting  the  system  of  tree  planting 
on  the  streets  of  Riverside,  and  the  palms  that  he  planted  about  his 
home  at  184  East  Seventh  Street  show  the  greatest  age  of  any  in  the 
city,  and  bear  mute  testimony'  to  the  fact.  It  is  from  street  planting 
that  the  arbor  laws  were  evolved,  and  there  is  scarcely  a  community 
of  any  importance  in  the  United  States  that  does  not  today  have  arbor 
laws,  patterned  after  those  of  Riverside.  Mr.  Hayt  also  planted  the 
locust  and  pepper  trees  on  the  south  side  of  Fairmount  Park.  At  the 
time  he  erected  his  residence  on  the  east  side,  in  1887,  there  were 
only  two  houses  in  that  district.  Today  this  is  one  of  the  most  attrac- 
tive residence  districts  of  Riverside.  It  was  Mr.  Hayt  who  financed 
Mr.  Gage  when  the  latter  started  the  work  of  building  the  canal 
which  has  since  been  such  an  important  factor  in  the  citrus  growth 
of  Riverside.  He  was  a  lover  of  horses,  and  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death  was  the  owner  of  a  trotting  horse  that  held  the  track  record, 
and  won  three  beautiful  cups,  one  of  which  was  taken  from  the  field 
at  Los  Angeles,  much  to  the  surprise  and  chagrin  of  the  racing  fra- 
ternity of  the  Angel  City. 

Mr.  Hayt  was  a  republican  and  always  took  a  very  active  part  in 
his  party.  For  many  years  he  was  a  zealous  member  of  the  River- 
side Chamber  of  Commerce.  In  1864  he  was  raised  a  Alason,  and  he 
demitted  to  Evergreen  Lodge  of  Riverside.  He  also  belonged  to 
the  Odd  Fellows  and  Knights  of  Pythias.  His  religious  home  was 
in  the  Episcopal  Church,  of  which  he  was  an  earnest  communicant. 
Early  in  life  Mr.  Hayt  married   Miss  Mary   E.   Pugsley,  of   Putnam 


1022       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

County,  New  York,  who  died  in  that  locality,  leaving  one  son.  Charles 
P.  Hayt,  who  was  associated  with  his  father  in  so  much  of  his  busi- 
ness. 'On  May  19,  1903,  JMr.  Hayt  married  Miss  Katherine  Bower 
at  Petaluma,  California.  Mrs.  Hayt,  who  survives  her  husband,  was 
born  in  Iowa,  and  is  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Bower,  for  many  years 
engaged  in  merchandising  near  Des  Moines,  Iowa.  She  retains  an 
interest  in  the  brick  block  erected  by  Mr.  Hayt  on  Main  Street  that 
is  now  occupied  by  Backstrand  &  Grout.  When  he  died  Mr.  Hayt 
left  two  grandsons,  namely:  W.  A.  Hayt,  Junior,  who  is  a  salesman 
of  Los  Angeles ;  and  Arthur  P.  Hayt,  who  is  with  the  Cole  Automobile 
Agency  of  that  city. 

The  work  IMr.  Hayt  and  his  associates  were  elected  to  accomplish 
has  been  completed.  Riverside  has  entered  into  a  new  phase  of  exist- 
ence. All  of  the  pioneer  period  has  faded  into  the  remote  past.  This 
is  now  one  of  the  most  flourishing  cities  of  the  Southwest,  if  not 
of  the  country,  with  every  modern  improvement  and  countless  advan- 
tages. Without,  however,  the  work  of  the  men  who  came  here  when 
even  the  natural  advantages  were  only  potentialities  today's  pros- 
perity would  have  been  impossible.  Such  men  as  Mr.  Hayt  and 
those  who  labored  under  his  able  direction  were  just  as  important 
in  their  line  of  work  as  any  this  country  has  produced,  and  their 
memory  will  be  kept  green  as  long  as  the  present  city  endures,  and 
of  all  of  these  pioneers  none  is  held  in  higher  respect  or  greater  grati- 
tude than  Mr.  Hayt. 

William  McMahill,  a  prosperous  general  rancher  and  fruit  grower, 
has  lived  in  Riverside  County  thirty  years,  and  his  home  today  is  a 
place  acquired  by  his  father  when  the  family  came  to  California,  being 
located  seven  miles  north  of  Perris. 

Mr.  McMahill  was  born  in  Warren  County,  Illinois,  September 
26,  1860,  son  of  George  and  Frances  (Barnum)  McMahill,  the  former  a 
native  of  Kentucky  and  the  latter  of  New  York  State.  George  Mc- 
Mahill was  born  i\iarch  9,  1829,  and  as  a  youth  came  out  to  California 
in  the  da3s  following  the  first  discovery  of  gold,  and  did  some  mining 
and  prospecting.  He  then  went  back  East,  lived  in  Illinois  on  a 
farm,  and  in  1867  moved  to  Mankato,  Minnesota,  where  he  was  in 
the  retail  lumber  business.  In  1890  he  brought  his  family  to  Cali- 
fornia and  homesteaded  twenty  acres  included  in  the  ranch  of  his  son, 
William.  He  engaged  in  fruit  growing  there  until  his  death  on  June 
9,  1913.  His  widow  is  still  living,  at  the  age  of  eighty-six,  and  makes 
her  home  with  her  son,  William.  George  McMahill  was  a  repub- 
lican in  politics  and  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church.  There  were 
four  children  in  their  family :  Luther,  of  Denver,  Colorado ;  Louis, 
deceased;  W'illiam.  and  Ira  B.,  of  San  Jose,  California. 

William  McMahill  was  seven  years  of  age  when  the  family  re- 
moved to  Minnesota,  and  he  attended  the  public  schools  and  Normal 
School  at  Mankato.  After  completing  his  education  he  became  a 
Minnesota  farmer,  and  in  1893  came  to  California  to  join  his  parents, 
and  has  since  lived  at  the  home  ranch.  His  holdings  here  now  con- 
stitute 340  acres,  chiefly  devoted  to  the  raising  of  grain.  He  also 
has  a  forty-acre  orange  grove  at  Cottonwood.  Mr.  McMahill  is  a 
director  in  the  Moreno  Water  Company. 

As  one  of  the  substantial  property  owners  he  has  given  freely 
of  his  time  and  influence  to  movements  affecting  the  general  welfare. 
He  is  an  active  member  of  the  Farm  Bureau,  has  served  as  deputy 
sheriflf  and  constable,  is  a  republican,  a  member  of  the  Grace  Metho- 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1023 

tlist  Episcojjal  Ihurcli,  ainJ  sings  in  its  male  (|uanelte,  and  is  alTiliated 
with  the  I\Ia.;ons,  Odd  Fellows  and  Junior  Order  United  American 
Mechanics. 

October  12.  1881,  Mr.  McMahill  married  Miss  Edith  J.  Taylor, 
daughter  of  William  L.  and  Julia  (Griffing)  Taylor,  of  Windom, 
Minnesota.  She  was  born  at  Plainview,  Minnesota,  August  12,  1858, 
and  acquired  her  education  in  the  public  and  normal  schools  of  Man- 
kato.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McMahill  have  three  children:  Florence,  wife 
of  A.  Rife,  of  Blythe,  Riverside  County,  California;  Julia  A.,  wife  of 
G.  R.  Pryor,  of  Blythe;  and  Lettie  A.," wife  of  James  Kettering,  also 
of  Blythe.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McMahill  also  have  four  grandchildren, 
Muriel  Ardes  Rife,  Carroll  Joy  and  Willis  Pryor,  and  Gray  Kettering. 

S-VMUEL  A.  Stevv.\rt  is  a  veteran  banker  and  business  man  of  Elsinore, 
and  has  been  one  of  the  influential  men  in  that  section  of  Riverside 
County  for  thirty-five  years. 

Mr.  Stewart  was  born  in  Richmond,  Wisconsin,  November  5,  1842, 
son  of  Samuel  Stewart.  He  acquired  a  public  school  education  at  Rich- 
mond and  attended  Allen  Grove  Academy.  As  a  very  young  man  he 
enlisted  in  Company  D  of  the  147th  Illinois  Infantry,  served  as  a  corporal, 
and  received  his  honorable  discharge  on  account  of  wounds.  After  the 
war  he  became  a  Wisconsin  farmer  and  laid  the  foundation  of  his  pros- 
perity in  that  section  of  the  Middle  West. 

Mr.  Stewart  in  1887  came  to  California  and  located^  at  Elsinore, 
where  he  invested  extensively  in  lands  and  developed  them  and  prosecuted 
his  farming  interests  actively  for  a  number  of  years.  He  had  a  large 
grain  ranch  in  Perris  Valley  and  also  owned  the  Alalpha  ranch.  He 
still  owns  two  grain  warehouses,  and  for  several  years  was  active  in  the 
grain  business.  He  is  best  known  in  a  business  way,  however,  as  a  banker, 
and  for  twenty-seven  years  was  president  of  the  First  National  Bank  of 
Elsinore. 

Mr.  Stewart  was  a  member  of  the  first  Board  of  County  Supervisors 
of  Riverside  County,  and  has  served  on  the  Elsinore  City  Council.  He 
is  a  republican,  was  for  many  years  a  trustee  of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  is  a  member  of  Riverside 
Post  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  He  also  belongs  to  the  Elsinore 
Chamber  of  Commerce. 

February  27,  1868,  Mr.  Stewart  married  Miss  Ella  E.  Langley,  of 
Richmond,  Wisconsin.  She  was  born  in  Dundee,  Illinois,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  there  and  at  Richmond,  Wisconsin,  and  also 
attended  the  Allen  Grove  Academy.  The  two  children  born  to  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Stewart  were  Corliss  and  Fred  L.,  both  now  deceased.  They  have 
one  grandchild,  Samuel  Stewart,  son  of  Fred  L.  Stewart. 

Fred  L.  Stewart  during  his  comparatively  brief  career  had  gained  a 
high  place  in  banking  circles.  He  was  born  in  Darian.  Wisconsin,  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  there  and  at  Elsinore,  California,  attended 
a  commercial  college  at  Los  Angeles,  and  .subsequentlv  entered  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Elsinore  as  cashier.  He  resigned  this  post  to  remove 
to  Kelso,  Washington,  where  he  became  cashier  of  the  Kelso  State  Bank. 
Fred  L.  Stewart  died  in  June,  1921. 

J.  C.  Hoover  came  to  California  in  Anril,  1914,  and  has  established 
and  built  up  a  fine  business  and  a  thoroughly  expert  service  as  an  under- 
taker and  furniture  merchant  at  Corona.  He  succeeded  J.  L.  Davis 
there  in  the  snring  of  1914.  Mr.  Davis  had  established  the  business  about 
1900.    Mr.  Hoover  has  a  store  stocked  with  dependable  merchandise  in 


1024       SAN  BERxNARDlNO  AND  RIXEKSIDE  COUNTIES 

the  furniture  line,  and  he  conducts  a  fine  funeral  chapel  at  714  Main 
Street. 

Josiah  C.  Hoover  was  born  at  Lockport,  New  York,  August  24,  1866, 
son  of  WilHam  and  Philothea  (Crane)  Hoover,  the  former  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania  and  the  latter  of  New  York  State.  His  father  was  a  car- 
penter and  later  a  farmer,  and  died  in  1878.  The  mother  survived  until 
1908. 

J.  C.  Hoover  acquired  a  public  school  education  at  Lockport,  spent 
twenty-eight  years  on  his  father's  farm,  and  then  for  eleven  years  was 
connected  with  the  Niagara  Falls  branch  of  the  General  Electric  Com- 
pany. While  there  he  helped  install  and  operate  the  tirst  ten  thousand 
horse  power  generators  in  the  world. 

Leaving  the  East,  Mr.  Hoover  came  to  California  and  soon  after- 
ward engaged  in  his  present  business  at  Corona.  He  is  a  licensed  em- 
balmer  of  New  York  State.  Canada  and  California.  He  casts  his  vote 
independently,  is  affiliated  with  the  Masonic  Lodge,  Royal  Arch  Chapter 
and  Knights  Templar  Commandery  at  Riverside,  with  Pomona  Council, 
R.  and  S.  M.,  and  the  Mystic  Shrine.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  belongs  to 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  Alerchants  and  IManufacturers  Associa- 
tion of  Corona. 

December  28,  1898,  he  married  Miss  Sarah  L.  Savage,  daughter  of 
Johnson  L.  Savage,  of  Lockport,  where  she  was  born  and  acquired  her 
public  school  education.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hoover  have  two  children,  Gladys 
P.  and  Leah  M.,  both  at  home. 

Charles  L.  Nevvcombe  is  proprietor  of  the  Corona  Bottling  Works, 
an  important  local  industry  established  by  the  firm  of  Maxwell  &  Leibig, 
subsequently  sold  to  Mr.  Dorsey,  and  since  1919  has  been  under  the  owner- 
ship and  direction  of  Mr.  Newcombe.  The  business  involves  the  botthng 
of  a  large  and  varied  line  of  soft  drinks,  and  the  entire  product  is  sold 
locally. 

Mr.  Newcombe,  who  is  a  widely  known  business  man  of  this  section, 
was  born  at  Watertown,  South  Dakota,  January  23,  1885,  son  of  Charles 
Henry  and  Leora  E.  (Link)  Newcombe,  the  former  a  native  of  St. 
Thomas,  Ontario,  Canada,  and  the  latter  of  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin.  His 
parents  now  reside  at  Redondo  Beach,  California,  his  father  being  a 
retired  photographer. 

Charles  L.  Newcombe  acquired  a  public  school  education  at  St.  Paul, 
Minnesota,  and  in  1902,  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  came  to  California. 
At  Los  Angeles  he  served  an  apprenticeship  in  a  machine  shop,  was  then 
in  an  automobile  garage,  and  left  that  to  take  up  eighty  acres.  Prior 
to  the  war  he  had  a  Flying  School  at  Venice,  California,  and  taught  stunt 
and  film  flying.  During  the  war  he  was  an  airplane  inspector  with  the 
California  Aviation  Company.  Mr.  Newcombe  in  1918  removed  to 
Corona,  entered  the  garage  business,  and  left  that  when  he  took  over 
the  Corona  Bottling  Works. 

He  is  a  republican,  is  afifiliated  with  Corona  Lodge  No.  291,  Knights 
of  Pythias,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Mer- 
chants and  Manufacturers  Association.  October  31.  1916,  he  married 
Miss  Laura  A.  Allgeyer,  daughter  of  Charles  H.  Allgeyer,  of  Anaheim, 
California.  She  was  born  at  Anaheim  and  was  educated  there,  and  re- 
ceived a  nurse's  training  school  course  at  Los  Angeles.  The  only  child 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Newcombe,  Charles  Herman,  is  deceased. 

Harvey  A.  Lynn  before  coming  to  California  had  an  extensive  expe- 
rience as  a  railroad  trafific  man.  In  California  his  work  has  been  alto- 
gether with   the  general  or  local  divisions  of  that  great  marketing 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1025 

organization  known  as  the  California  Fruit  Growers  Exchange.  Far 
the  past  seven  years  he  has  been  manager  and  one  of  the  execiitivc 
officers  of  the  Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange  at  Riverside. 

Mr.  Lynn  was  born  at  Warren,  Ohio,  November  28,  1883,  and  is  a 
member  of  one  of  the  oldest  families  in  one  of  the  first  settled  regions 
of  the  Western  Reserve  of  Ohio.  The  Lynns  were  of  Pennsylvania 
Dutch  ancestry.  His  father,  George  F.  Lynn,  is  still  living  on  the 
old  homestead  in  Trumbull  County,  Ohio,  and  has  been  an  active 
farmer  and  also  a  man  of  influence  in  local  and  county  affairs.  George 
F.  Lynn  married  Mary  A.  Kibler,  who  was  born  at  Warren,  Ohio,  and 
is  still  living  within  a  mile  of  her  birthplace. 

Harvey  A.  Lynn  acquired  a  public  school  education,  and  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  left  the  farm.  At  Warren  while  working  in  a  retail 
store  for  a  year  he  attended  night  school  and  then  finished  his  edu- 
cation with  a  commercial  training  in  a  business  college  and  supported 
himself  by  working  in  stores  during  evenings  and  on  Saturdays.  After 
graduating  he  took  a  position  in  the  office  of  the  Erie  Railroad  at 
Warren,  was  soon  promoted  to  chief  clerk  of  the  local  freight  office 
and  later  was  made  chief  clerk  of  the  division  freight  office  at  Mead- 
ville,  Pennsylvania,  and  continued  the  duties  of  that  post  until  he 
came  to  California. 

In  June,  1906,  Mr.  Lynn  came  to  California  to  visit  his  wife's 
people.  He  married  at  Warren  June  14,  1905,  Miss  Iva  Mary  Risk, 
who  was  born  in  Kent,  Ohio.  Her  father,  Robert  M.  Risk,  is  a 
retired  farmer  who  for  the  past  fifteen  years  has  had  his  home  at 
Santa  Monica.  Like  all  people  who  came  to  California,  J\Ir.  Lynn 
knew  it  was  the  place  he  wanted  for  a  permanent  home.  Within 
a  few  months  he  had  settled  his  interests  and  affairs  in  Ohio  and  had 
located  permanently  in  Southern  California.  His  first  home  was  at 
Santa  Monica,  and  he  was  employed  in  the  sales  department  of  the 
California  Fruit  Growers  Exchange.  He  removed  to  Los  x\ngeles  in 
1907,  and  for  six  years  continued  his  duties  with  the  Fruit  Exchange 
in  that  city,  the  first  three  years  in  the  orange  department  and  the 
last  three  in  the  lemon  department,  and  when  he  left  he  was  assistant 
lemon  sales  agent. 

Mr.  Lynn  came  to  Riverside  as  manager  of  the  Arlington  Heights 
Fruit  Exchange  in  January,  1914.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  this 
Exchange  took  over  the  actual  marketing  for  the  Riverside  Fruit 
Exchange,  and  at  that  time  Mr.  Lynn  was  made  secretary-treasurer 
as  well  as  manager.  He  is  also  a  director,  representing  this  district 
on  the  boards  of  the  California  Fruit  Growers  Exchange  and  the 
Fruit  Growers  Supply  Company. 

The  Riverside  Fruit  Exchange  was  incorporated  April  27,  1893, 
being  the  oldest  district  exchange  in  California.  The  original  incor- 
porators were  A.  H.  Naftzgar,  J.  B.  Crawford,  D.  W.  McLeod,  S.  C. 
Evans,  Jr.,  R.  W.  Meacham,  H.  A.  Westbrook  and  George  Frost, 
who  constituted  the  first  Board  of  Directors,  while  others  associated 
with  them  in  the  incorporation  were  M.  J.  Daniels,  Aberdeen  Keith, 
J.  Harrison  Wright,  T.  H.  B.  Chamberlin.  The  organization  con- 
tinued active  until  October  7,  1920,  at  which  date  was  organized  the 
Riverside  Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange,  taking  over  the  busi- 
ness of  the  Riverside  and  the  Arlington  Heights  Exchanges. 

The  Arlington  Heights  Fruit  Exchange  was  incorporated  May 
17,  1906,  and  included  among  the  organizers  C.  E.  Ramsey,  William 
Grant  Eraser,  Mr.  Little,  James  Mills  and  Reginald  Grinsmead.  The 
ofificial  board  of  the  company  at  present  is  W.  G.  Eraser,  president; 


1026       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Henry  D.  French,  vice  president ;  with  C.  C.  Arnold,  L.  V.  Barnes, 
J.  H.  Urquhart,  Arthur  S.  Holden,  Alfred  Crebbin,  directors,  and 
Harvey  A.  Lynn  secretary,  treasurer  and  manager.  Tlie  business 
of  the  Exchange  is  selling  oranges  and  lemons  for  a  number  of  grow- 
ers associations,  each  association  having  a  representative  on  the 
Board  of  the  District  Exchange.  The  marketing  is  done  through  the 
California  Fruit  Growers  Exchange,  and  seventy-five  per  cent  of 
the  fruit  shipped  out  of  the  State  of  California  goes  through  this 
exchange  organization. 

Mr.  Lynn  owns  and  conducts  two  orange  groves  at  Riverside, 
aggregating  about  eighteen  acres,  and  is  a  producer  as  well  as  an 
important  factor  in  the  marketing  facilities.  He  is  a  director  in  the 
Riverside  County  Farm  Bureau,  representing  the  Citrus  Center.  Mr. 
Lynn  is  a  republican  voter,  a  member  of  Riverside  Masonic  Lodge, 
Kiwanis  Club  and  Present  Day  Club.  He  and  Mrs.  Lynn  have  four 
children,  Robert,  Margaret  Mary  and  Frances  Lauretta  and  Betty 
Lou,  twins,  all  of  whom  are  attending  school. 

Peter  Provensal  has  been  a  resident  of  Southern  California  nearly 
lialf  a  century,  and  for  the  greater  part  of  that  time  has  been  active  in 
the  business  affairs  of  Riverside  County.  He  is  one  of  the  popular  resi- 
dents of  Corona,  and  has  given  that  city  one  of  its  distinctive  places  of 
entertainment,  the  French-American  restaurant. 

Mr.  Provensal  was  born  in  Northern  France,  November  11,  1855, 
son  of  Peter  Provensal.  He  acquired  a  public  and  private  school  educa- 
tion, and  as  a  youth  learned  the  baker's  trade  under  his  father.  In 
1875,  at  the  age  of  twenty,  he  came  to  the  United  States,  followeci 
his  trade  for  a  time  at  Los  Angeles,  and  then  moved  to  Riverside,  where 
he  was  in  the  retail  liquor  business.  Mr.  Provensal  has  been  a  business 
man  of  Corona  since  1892,  a  period  of  thirty  years.  About  1910  he 
established  the  Corona  Steam  Laundry,  but  sold  this  property  in  1914. 
The  French-American  restaurant  was  started  by  him  in  1915,  and  is  one 
of  the  most  largely  patronized  establishments  of  the  kind  in  the  city. 

Mr.  Provensal  is  a  republican  and  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce. He  has  been  three  times  married.  In  1881  he  married  Miss  Viola 
Arcadia  Corona,  of  Los  Angeles.  His  second  wife  was  Rosalie  Chambon, 
of  Riverside.  In  1914  he  married  Mary  Canore.  of  Corona.  Mr.  Pro- 
vensal has  one  son,  Adolph  Joseph,  of  Los  Angeles,  and  he  has  several 
grandchildren. 

Elmo  Hough  is  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Corona  Hardware 
Company,  the  oldest  and  most  substantial  business  of  its  kind  in  that 
city,  and  one  that  has  had  a  progressive  record  of  growth  through  a 
quarter  of  a  century.  This  business  was  established  on  a  modest  scale 
bv  W.  C.  Barth,  who  for  many  years  was  president  of  the  company. 
About  a  year  later  he  was  joined  by  George  B.  MacGilHvray,  and  under 
the  name  of  Barth  &  MacGilHvray  it  continued  to  grow  and  expand. 
In  April,  1916,  Elmo  Housh  and  Charles  Marsden  acquired  an  active  in- 
terest in  the  business,  and  the  executive  officers  are  now  E.  A.  Mac- 
Gillivray,  president.  Charles  Marsden,  vice  president,  and  Elmo  Hough, 
secretary  and  treasurer.  The  company  is  incorporated  for  $25,000.00. 
and  has  a  store  and  warehouses  with  7,600  square  feet  of  floor  space  and 
does  an  immense  business  over  practically  all  of  Riverside  County.  The 
company  carries  a  complete  stock  of  shelf  and  heavy  hardware,  plumbing 
goods,  sheet  metal  ware,  paints  and  oils,  farm  implements,  electrical  appli- 
ances, sporting  goods,  and  in  these  lines  are  represented  many  of  the 
standard  and  oldest  manufacturing  companies  in  the  country. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1027 

Elmo  Hough  was  born  at  Saliiia,  Kansas,  June  1,  1886.  His  father 
is  I.  M.  Hough,  now  engaged  in  the  implement  business  at  Redlands, 
California.  Elmo  Hough  finished  his  education  at  Redlands  in  the  public 
schools  and  college  there,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  associated 
with  the  Cope  Commercial  Comi)any  of  that  city.  In  April,  1916,  he 
moved  to  Redlands  to  take  an  active  share  in  the  present  business. 

Mr.  Hough  is  first  vice  president  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is 
president  of  the  Merchants  and  Manufacturers  Association  of  Corona, 
is  a  republican,  and  is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church.  July  3.  1910,  he  married  Miss  Bessie  Blaine  Brande- 
bury,  daughter  of  W  illiam  Brandebury,  of  Santa  Ana,  California.  Mrs 
Hough  was  born  in  Ohio  and  was  educated  in  that  state.  They  have  one 
daughter,  Constance  Beatrice,  at  home. 

Harry  L.  Lyman  is  well  known  in  business  circles  in  Riverside  Coun- 
ty, and  for  the  past  ten  years  has  been  proprietor  of  the  prosperous  estab- 
lishment known  as  Lyman's  Men's  Furnishing  Goods  and  Shoe  Store  at 
Corona.  This  business  was  established  a  number  of  years  ago  by  G.  B. 
Mac(iillivray,  who  was  succeeded  by  Parsons  and  he  in  turn  by  R.  B. 
McKinney.  Mr.  Lyman  brought  the  business  from  Mr.  McKinney  in 
1912.  It  is  located  at  520  Main  Street,  and  is  a  store  handling  some  of  the 
most  exclusive  and  standard  makes  of  men's  clothing  and  shoes,  including 
the  Style-Plus  brand,  the  goods  of  the  International  and  Lamm  Tailoring 
Company  and  the  Florsheim  and  Crossett  shoes. 

Harry  L.  Lyman  was  born  in  Silver  Township,  Cherokee  County, 
Iowa,  April  4,  1884,  son  of  Wilhs  L.  and  Mattie  A.  (Gleason)  Lyman. 
His  father  was  an  Iowa  farmer  until  1903,  when  he  removed  to  Corona, 
California,  and  died  in  January,  1919.  The  mother  is  still  living  in  River- 
side County.  Harry  L.  Lyman  acquired  a  public  school  education  in 
Iowa,  was  with  his  father  on  the  farm  in  Cherokee  County  for  one  year, 
and  after  coming  to  Corona  in  1903  he  attended  the  Riverside  Business 
College  and  then  for  two  and  a  half  years  was  in  the  employ  of  the  Co- 
rona Hardware  Company.  He  then  bought  a  hardware  business  in  Los 
Angeles,  and  after  selling  it  conducted  a  sporting  goods  house  at  Santa 
Paula.  For  one  year  he  was  in  the  livery  business  with  his  father  at 
Pomona,  following  which  he  acquired  his  present  business  in  Corona. 

Mr.  Lyman  is  also  deputy  county  clerk,  is  a  republican,  a  member  of 
the  Congregational  Church,  is  a  York  Rite  Mason  and  Shriner  and  an 
Odd  Fellow.  He  is  vice  president  of  the  Merchants  and  Manufacturers 
Association  of  Corona,  and  is  also  active  in  the  Chamber  of  Commerce 
and  the  Country  Club. 

December  9,  1906,  he  married  Miss  Bessie  Brubacher,  daughter  of 
Alvin  and  Frances  (Lovelace)  Brubacher,  of  Corona.  Mrs.  Lyman  was 
born  at  Storm  Lake,  Iowa,  but  was  reared  and  educated  in  Corona.  They 
have  one  child,  Alvin. 

Lester  B.  Harris  is  one  of  the  enterprising  young  merchants  of 
Corona,  where  he  is  proprietor  of  a  confectionery  and  tobacco  business 
which  was  established  as  successor  to  F.  A.  Perkins  about  1900.  Mr. 
Harris  bought  his  interest  in  the  business  in  May,  1919,  soon  after  leaving 
his  service  in  the  navy.  The  business  has  been  located  at  the  corner  of 
Sixth  and  Main  streets  since  1909,  and  is  a  high  class  establishment,  han- 
dling all  kinds  of  smokers'  supplies  and  serving  soft  drinks  and  light 
lunches. 

Mr.  Harris  was  born  in  Denver,  Colorado,  June  18,  1897,  son  of  Con- 
verse E.  and  Allie  (Bowen  )  Harris,  the  former  a  native  of  Ohio  and  the 


1028       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

latter  of  Illinois.  Converse  Harris  was  formerly  in  the  clothing  business 
at  Pomona,  California,  and  since  I'^OS  has  been  a  resident  of  Corona, 
where  he  is  engaged  in  the  citrus  frnit  business.  Lester  Harris  attended 
public  schools  at  \\'hittier.  Pomona  and  Corona.  In  1917  he  entered  the 
employ  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  CorOna,  but  six  months  later,  on 
July  26,  1917,  enlisted  in  Company  M  of  the  160th  Regiment  of  Infantry 
as  a  private.  He  was  transferred  from  the  army  to  the  navy,  and  served 
until  honorably  discharged  as  a  first  class  yeoman  on  December  26,  1919. 
Soon  after  his  return  to  Corona  he  bought  his  present  business. 

Mr.  Harris  is  a  member  of  the  American  Legion,  is  a  republican,  a 
Methodist,  is  affiliated  with  the  Elks  and  Knights  of  Pythias  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Merchants  and  Manufacturers 
Association  and  the  Country  Club.  He  married  December  29,  1921,  Miss 
Mabel  Margaret  Arborn,  daughter  of  Mrs.  Frances  Nunn,  of  Corona, 
California.  Mrs.  Harris  is  a  native  of  Corona,  and  was  educated  in  the 
public  and  high. schools  of  that  city. 

John  H.  Reed  and  Frederick  Morris  Reed — While  the  name  of 
Reed  is  closely  associated  with  the  development  of  the  citrus-grow- 
ing industry  of  the  Southwest,  Frederick  Morris  Reed  has  bestowed 
added  laurels  upon  it  by  the  work  he  has  accomplished  through  his 
researches  in  botany,  and  he  is  now  a  recognized  authority  on  matters 
pertaining  to  this  science.  His  name  is  probablj'  better  known  to 
the  faculty  of  the  California  State  University  than  it  is  elsewhere, 
even  at  Riverside,  where  he  is  a  grower  of  citrus  fruits,  having  about 
fifty  acres  in  oranges  and  lemons,  his  home  being  in  the  midst  of 
them,  at  547  Chicago  Avenue.  He  and  his  father  planted  the  trees 
and  brought  them  into  bearing,  and  they  constitute  an  attractive 
and  valuable  estate  in  the  northeastern  part  of  the  city.  Mr.  Reed 
is  also  a  member  of  the  Western  Society  of  Naturalists  and  is  the 
possessor  of  a  valuable  collection  of  rare  plants. 

Frederick  Morris  Reed  was  born  at  Mansfield,  Ohio,  Ma}^  29. 
1867,  a  son  of  the  late  John  H.  Reed,  formerly  an  honored  resident 
of  Riverside,  who  passed  away  February  26,  1920,  leaving  a  son 
and  a  daughter,  the  latter  being  Lois  R.,  who  is  the  wife  of  A.  C. 
Pickett,  state  inspector  of  fertilizers  and  insecticides,  and  an  orange 
grower. 

The  Reed  family  is  one  of  the  old-established  ones  of  this  country, 
and  its  members  took  a  constructive  part  in  the  earl)^  history  of  the 
establishment  of  this  government,  operating  in  Massachusetts.  From 
that  state  during  the  pioneer  period  of  the  history  of  Ohio  Abraham 
Reed  left  his  New  England  home  and  migrated  to  Portage  County, 
Ohio,  where  he  was  one  of  the  first  settlers,  and  his  son,  Horace 
Reed,  was  the  first  white  child  born  in  the  township  in  which  he 
had  located.  When  Abraham  Reed  left  Massachusetts  he  took  with 
him  various  belongings,  and  among  them  was  a  packet  of  apple 
seeds,  which,  planted  in  the  fertile  soil  of  Portage  County,  through 
careful  cultivation,  developed  into  the  first  orchard  of  that  region, 
and  one  of  the  finest  that  region  has  ever  known.  The  original  trees, 
still  standing,  are  still  bearing  fruit,  although  considerably  over  a 
century  has  elapsed  since  the  seeds  were  placed  in  the  ground.  The 
remainder  of  the  farm,  which  was  covered  by  a  dense  forest  when 
Abraham  Reed  secured  it,  is  equally  vaJuable,  and  from  it  the  differ- 
ent members  of  the  Reed  family  have  reaped  abundantly.  There 
Abraham  Reed  died,  and  on  it  his  son  Horace  spent  his  entire  life 


n 


JOH.N   HENRY  KEED 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       102'J 

and  died  in  1888,  his  widow  surviving  him  until  1898,  when  she,  too, 
passed  away. 

John  H.  Reed  was  the  son  of  Horace  and  Lois  E.  Reed,  and  he 
was  born  on  the  homestead  his  grandfather  had  won  from  the  wilder- 
ness in  Rootstown  Township,  Portage  County,  Ohio,  in  June,  1833. 
Early  evincing  more  than  a  usual  mentality,  his  proud  parents  resolved 
to  give  him  exceptional  educational  opportunities,  and  so  following 
the  completion  of  his  studies  in  the  local  schools  he  was  entered 
as  a  student  of  the  Holbrook  Normal  School  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  the 
first  institution  of  its  kind  in  the  state,  and  he  was  a  member  of  its 
first  graduating  class.  Owing  to  the  marked  ability  he  displayed  in 
mathematics  and  languages,  the  faculty  offered  him  the  position  in 
instructor  of  these  branches,  and,  accepting,  he  remained  there  imtil 
broader  opportunities  took  him  from  that  historic  institution. 

In  1858  John  H.  Reed  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Cath- 
erine S.  Morris,  of  Stark  County,  Ohio,  one  of  the  most  highly  edu- 
cated and  brilliant  women  of  her  day,  and  an  educator  of  note,  to 
whose  influence  and  assistance  Mr.  Reed  always  attributed  much  of 
his  success  in  life.  She  aided  her  husband  in  establishing  a  normal 
school  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  and  she  was  also  her  husband's  assistant 
during  the  seven  years  he  was  superintendent  of  the  schools  of  Mans- 
field, Ohio.  Following  his  resignation  from  the  educational  field,  she 
turned  her  superior  talents  in  the  direction  of  temperance  work,  and 
forwarded  the  prohibition  cause  by  exceptionally  effective  efforts  in 
its  behalf  on  the  lecture  platform.  The  First  Congregational  Church 
of  Mansfield,  Ohio,  also  had  the  benefit  of  her  strenuous  work,  and 
after  she  came  to  Riverside  she  participated  in  many  movements 
which  had  for  their  object  the  betterment  of  existing  conditions  and 
the  raising  of  the  highest  moral  standards.  Her  death  occurred 
November  17,  1908,  and  the  entire  city  mourned  her  passing. 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  he  was  afflicted  with  deafness,  John  H. 
Reed  was  forced  to  retire  from  educational  work,  much  to  the  regret 
of  the  people  of  Mansfield,  and  for  a  time  he  was  engaged  in  mer- 
cliandising  in  that  city.  Subsequently  he  moved  to  Nebraska  and 
settled  on  a  large  stock  farm,  but  the  climate  there  was  not  suited 
to  his  health,  then  delicate,  and  in  1890  he  came  to  California.  For 
fourteen  weeks  he  traveled  in  a  buckboard  and  slept  in  the  open  air, 
and  eventually  reached  Riverside,  with  his  health  greatly  improved. 
Purchasing  ten  acres  of  land,  he  made  this  city  his  permanent  home, 
and  not  only  amassed  a  comfortable  fortune,  but  fully  regained  his 
health  and  won  high  appreciation  from  his  fellow  men.  Later  he 
bought  more  acreage,  planting  fifty  acres  to  oranges  and  lemons  and 
ten  acres  to  deciduous  fruits. 

Inheriting  his  grandfather's  talents  for  horticulture,  Mr.  Reed 
soon  found  that  he  was  particularly  fitted  for  fruitgrowing,  and  not 
only  developed  a  magnificent  grove  of  his  own,  but  won  such  a  repu- 
tation as  a  citrus  grower  that  a  number  of  orchardists  asked  him  to 
take  charge  of  their  groves,  and  he  acquired  supreme  authority  as  an 
expert.  He  organized  the  first  horticultural  club  in  California,  and 
subsequently  branched  out.  organizing  horticultural  clubs  and  farmers' 
institutes,  and  these  were  the  forerunners  of  the  present  orange  grow- 
ers' associations. 

One  of  the  greatest  difficulties  experienced  by  the  pioneers  in  the 
orange  industry  was  that  of  the  decay  of  the  product  in  storage  and 
long  transit  to  market.  With  customary  zeal  Mr.  Reed  undertook  to 
remedy  the  evil,  appealing  to  the  Department  of  Agriculture  at  Wash- 


1030      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

ington  for  relief.  After  several  years  of  energetic  effort  through  cor- 
respondence Mr.  Reed  succeeded  in  having  Dr.  William  A.  Taylor, 
of  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  sent  to  Riverside.  After  a  thorough 
investigation  Doctor  Taylor  returned  to  Washington,  reported  favor- 
ably with  reference  to  Mr.  Reed's  contentions,  and  as  a  result  G. 
Harold  Powell,  of  national  repute  on  these  matters,  was  sent  to  River- 
side to  take  charge  of  the  investigation,  and  continued  there  for  six 
years. 

While  all  of  the  growers  recognize  the  marvelous  and  beneficent 
results  of  Mr.  Powell's  labors,  they  do  not  hesitate  to  accord  to  Mr. 
Reed  due  praise  for  his  efiforts  to  get  governmental  intervention. 
Among  the  prominent  men  who  have  rendered  due  credit  to  Mr.  Reed 
are  Mr.  Woodward,  manager  of  the  Southern  California  Fruit  Ex- 
change; E.  A.  Chase,  who  was  associated  with  Mr.  Powell  in  much 
of  his  work;  and  Secretary-of-Agriculture  Wilson. 

Having  secured  the  services  of  Mr.  Powell,  Mr.  Reed  then  turned 
his  attention  to  obtaining  assistance  from  the  state  department,  and 
for  five  years,  at  horticultural  clubs,  farmers'  institutes  and  through 
the  press,  urged  the  importance  of  awakening  the  interest  of  the 
California  state  officials.  Finally  the  request,  seconded  by  E.  W. 
Holmes,  E.  L.  Koethen  of  Riverside,  and  others  was  granted,  and  a 
citrus  experiment  station  was  established  at  Riverside,  and  an  appro- 
priation of  $20,000  secured.  Experimental  work  was  commenced,  and 
has  been  since  continued,  and  further  appropriations  have  been  granted 
by  the  Legislature  as  required. 

Mr.  Reed  was  a  man  who  never  rested  upon  what  he  had  accom- 
plished, but  as  soon  as  he  gained  one  point,  exerted  himself  to  secure 
another,  so,  when  he  had  brought  about  improvements  in  handling 
the  product,  took  up  a  new  feature  of  the  industry.  He  had  found 
that  even  in  the  better  orange  orchards  a  considerable  percentage 
of  the  trees  persistently  produced  inferior  fruit,  and  this  he  took  up 
with  Mr.  Powell,  who  finally  sent  A.  D.  Shamel,  an  expert  in  plant 
breeding  problems,  from  Washington,  and  through  his  investigations 
the  value  of  citrus  groves  was  increased  about  one-fourth.  It  was 
Mr.  Reed  who  first  advocated  the  importance  of  protecting  citrus 
groves  from  frost  damage,  and  he  was  chairman  of  the  committee 
which  made  the  first  experiments  along  this  line,  the  results  of  which 
attracted  the  attention  of  the  whole  country.  In  fact,  during  all  of 
his  residence  at  Riverside  Mr.  Reed  was  constantly  active  in  pro- 
moting various  measures  for  the  development  and  improvement  of 
the  citrus-growing  industry,  and  it  is  safe  to  declare  that  its  present 
importance  is  largely  due  to  his  persistent  and  intelligent  efiforts. 

Having  from  the  first  day  he  reached  Riverside  been  impressed 
to  a  profound  degree  with  its  magnificent  possibilities,  Mr.  Reed 
early  took  up  the  matter  of  beautifying  its  streets,  and  for  many 
years  worked,  almost  single-handed,  to  carry  out  the  project.  The 
"city-beautiful  campaigns."  now  so  universal,  had  not  then  been  pro- 
mulgated, and  it  was  difficult  to  awaken  general  public  interest  in 
the  subject,  but  finally  Mr.  Reed  succeeded  in  having  the  matter 
taken  up  by  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  which  made  him 
chairman  of  the  committee  on  tree-planting,  which  office  he  held 
without  remuneration.  The  $1,000  raised  by  this  body  for  trees  was 
of  course  entirely  inadequate,  and  Mr.  Reed  repeatedly  petitioned 
the  City  Council  to  take  over  all  of  the  tree  planting  and  create  the 
office  of  tree  warden,  who  should  have  supervision  of  all  of  the  work. 
Finally  the  council  agreed  to  do  this  if  he  would  consent  to   serve 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1031 

as  warden.  In  spite  of  the  work  entailed,  so  anxious  was  he  to  carry 
out  his  project  that  he  consented  and  held  it  for  seven  years,  finally 
resigning  from  it  in  1911.  During  that  period  he  planted  about  15,000 
trees  on  the  streets  of  Riverside.  This  was  the  first  city  of  the  West, 
if  not  of  the  country,  to  adopt  municipal  control  of  the  street  trees. 
Since  then  the  majority  of  the  cities  of  Southern  California  have 
adopted  this  plan,  to  the  greater  beautifying  of  their  streets. 

The  Riverside  Chamber  of  Commerce,  in  recognition  of  Mr.  Reed's 
remarkably  efficient  service  as  tree  warden,  on  the  occasion  of  his 
retiring  from  office  passed  these  resolutions: 

"Be  it  resolved,  therefore,  that  the  Riverside  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce record  upon  its  minutes  a  hearty  vote  of  thanks  to  Mr.  Reed 
for  his  faithful  performance  of  every  duty,  congratulating  him,  as  well, 
upon  the  fame  he  has  won  for  Riverside,  and  pledging  the  Chamber's 
continued  support  to  the  work  to  which  Mr.  Reed  has  given  so  unre- 
servedly of  his  thought  and  energy  during  the  past  seven  years. 

"By  order  of  the  executive  committee,  September  14,  1911. 

"H.  F.  Grout,  President. 
"H.  M.  May,  secretary." 

Mr.  Reed  probably  had  more  pride  in  and  took  greater  satisfaction 
from  the  influence  he  was  permitted  to  exert  in  favor  of  intelligent, 
systematic  beautifying  of  California  cities,  especially  the  parts  where 
the  masses  of  the  people  live,  than  in  any  other  of  his  efforts  during 
his  extended  life.  His  son,  Frederick  Morris  Reed,  is  a  member  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Present  Day  Club,  and  he,  too,  takes 
great  pride  in  the  city  and  is  a  consistent  booster  of  everything  for 
the  still  further  improvement  of  Riverside  and  this  region. 

Frederick  Morris  Reed  attended  the  Mansfield,  Ohio,  public 
schools,  and  in  1876  moved  with  his  parents  to  Nebraska,  where,  with 
a  short  interval  of  school-teaching,  he  followed  farming  until  1890. 
In  the  latter  year  he  accompanied  his  father  to  California.  They 
went  first  to  Santa  Barbara,  where  they  bought  a  horse  and  buck- 
board,  and  started  out  to  look  over  the  country  for  a  place  for  a 
permanent  home.  The  entire  region  was  delightful,  but  as  it  was 
desirable  for  the  elder  men  to  keep  in  the  open,  they  kept  on  their 
trip  until  they  reached  Riverside.  When  they  topped  the  divide 
between  Riverside  and  West  Riverside,  and  the  panorama  of  the 
bright  green  valley,  which  is  now  Riverside,  burst  upon  their  enrap- 
tured vision  John  H.  Reed  cried: 

"This  is  the  place  for  me,"  and  he  might  well  have  added,  "And 
I  am  the  man  for  the  place,"  had  he  not  been  too  modest  to  ever  lay 
claim  to  the  credit  which  was  due  him. 

Almost  immediately  the  first  investment  in  land  followed,  and 
Frederick  M.  Reed  was  his  father's  able  and  enthusiastic  assistant 
in  the  transforming  of  their  property  into  the  profitable  and  beautiful 
place  it  is  today.  At  the  death  of  the  elder  man,  the  younger  one  con- 
tinued the  cultivation  of  the  valuable  grove.  He  has  become  well 
known  as  an  orange  grower,  and  is  vice  president  and  one  of  the 
directors  of  the  Monte  Vista  Citrus  Association.  A  republican,  he 
has  taken  a  very  active  part  in  city  and  county  politics,  serving  on 
both  the  city  and  county  central  committees  of  his  party,  and  has 
repeatedly  represented  it  in  the  city  and  county  conventions.  Mr. 
Reed  is  unmarried. 

Possessed  of  a  fine  tenor  voice,  Mr.  Reed  has  the  distinction  of 
singing  in  a  choir  the  longest  of  any  singer  at  Riverside.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Congregational  Church,  and  has  sung  in  its  choir  for 


1032       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

twenty-six  years,  and  in  this  connection  and  that  of  the  singing  society 
known  as  the  Cantadores  Club,  of  which  he  is  also  a  member,  he  has 
given  great  pleasure  to  thousands  by  means  of  his  beautiful  voice 
and  knowledge  of  music.  His  life  is  a  full  one,  and  he  is  recognized 
as  one  of  the  finest  representatives  of  the  best  type  of  California. 

N.  H.  Norton  is  proprietor  of  the  Mission  Garage,  which  was  estab- 
lished by  C.  D.  McNeal  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  garage  and  automobile 
sales  agencies  at  Corona.  Mr.  Norton  purchased  the  business  in  1919. 
He  has  a  sales  territory  of  half  of  Riverside  County,  and  is  agent  and 
distributor  in  this  section  for  the  Studebaker  cars  and  the  Cletrac  tractors. 

Nicholas  Huston  Norton  was  born  in  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  October 
14,  1888.  He  acquired  a  public  sshool  education  in  Tennessee,  and  left 
home  at  the  age  of  seventeen.  Since  then  he  has  pursued  an  active  career 
in  many  localities  of  the  West,  and  has  been  progressively  successful.  For 
a  time  he  lived  on  a  farm  in  Kansas,  then  went  to  Spokane,  Washington, 
was  connected  with  the  engineering  department  of  the  Lewiston  &  Idaho 
Railway,  learned  the  carpenter's  trade  at  San  Francisco,  engaged  in  the 
contracting  business  at  Bakersfield,  then  did  work  during  the  preparation 
for  the  San  Diego  Exposition  and  contracted  in  the  Imperial  Valley.  In 
1915  he  purchased  the  Imperial  Valley  Motor  Company  for  the  sale  of 
Studebaker  cars,  but  sold  that  business  and  in  1919  came  to  Corona  and 
took  charge  of  his  present  business.  On  December  28,  1921,  F.  E.  Snide- 
cor  and  Mr.  Norton  purchased  the  Mission  Garage  at  212-214-216  East 
.Sixth  Street,  Corona,  and  are  remodeling  it.  It  is  a  tireiiroof  building  and 
contains  a  repair  department  with  all  new  equipment  and  up-to-date  facili- 
ties, also  a  storage  room  for  sixty  cars,  and  handles  a  fine  line  of  acces- 
sories, automobile  parts,  tires  and  tubes.  The  building  contains  9,000 
square  feet  of  floor  space,  while  the  second  floor  has  twenty-eight  rooms 
with  hot  and  cold  water  and  employment  is  given  ten  people.  The  firm 
are  exclusive  agents  for  the  Ajax  and  Coast  Tire  Companies. 

Mr.  Norton  is  an  active  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is 
atWiated  with  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  He  married 
Amanda  Marquardt,  of  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin.  They  have  three  chil- 
dren, Nicholas  Marquardt,  John  Pershing  and  Virginia. 

Thomas  Oct.wio  Andrews,  apiarist,  former  president  of  the  Cali- 
fornia State  Bee  Keepers  Association,  a  recognized  authority  on  honey 
production  in  California  and  owner  of  one  of  the  largest  bee  ranches  in 
the  state,  Thomas  Octavio  Andrews  has  lived  a  life  of  remarkable  activity 
and  changing  circumstances  and  experiences. 

He  was  born  at  St.  Thomas.  Canada,  August  3,  1845,  and  was  only 
three  and  one-half  years  of  age  when  his  father  died,  while  his  mother 
passed  away  January  25,  1855.  His  father  was  a  Baptist  minister,  highly 
educated,  commanded  seven  languages,  including  Greek  and  Latin,  and 
usually  preached  in  the  pioneer  communities  of  western  Canada  in  Eng- 
lish, French  or  Welsh. 

Thomas  Octavio  Andrews  had  a  brief  public  school  education,  and  as 
an  orphan  boy  served  an  apprenticeship  of  three  years  in  the  woolen  mills 
at  Aylmer,  Canada,  and  for  another  period  of  three  years  worked  in  mills 
at  Waterloo. 

While  the  Civil  war  was  still  in  progress  between  the  North  and  the 
South  he  went  to  Michigan,  and  on  August  7.  1863,  enlisted  in  the  First 
Michigan  Cavalry,  under  the  command  of  General  Custer.  He  was  in 
service  until  the  close  of  hostilities,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  the 
Wilderness,    Spottsylvania,   Cold    Harbor,   second   battle   of    Winchester, 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1033 

Cedar  Creek  and  in  some  of  the  final  campaigns  of  the  war.  October  19, 
1863,  at  Buckland  Mills,  he  was  wounded  in  the  hip,  and  his  horse  was 
killed  while  under  him.  At  Cold  Harbor  during  the  first  day  he  lost  the 
sight  of  his  right  eye,  a  wound  that  caused  his  transfer  to  the  Veterans 
Reserve  Corps,  though  later  by  petition  he  was  returned  to  his  old  com- 
pany. 

After  the  war  this  veteran  soldier  returned  to  Michigan,  and  from 
that  state  moved  to  northwestern  Missouri  and  from  1870  to  1873  was 
a  farmer  in  Andrew  County  of  that  state.  In  1873,  a  hard  times  year, 
he  started  for  California,  and  reached  the  city  of  Redding  with  only  a 
dollar  in  his  pocket.  The  following  months  he  worked  in  the  mines  of 
Siskiyou  and  Shasta  counties,  but  left  California  toward  the  end  of  1874 
for  Ashland.  Oregon,  where  he  resumed  his  old  trade  in  a  woolen  mill. 
He  remained  in  that  locality  for  eight  years,  and  was  promoted  to  mill 
superintendent.  For  a  year  he  was  sawyer  on  an  Indian  reservation,  then 
did  contract  furni.shing  of  supplies  for  Fort  Klamath,  and  for  two  years 
engaged  in  stock  raising.  Following  this  he  bought  an  interest  in  the 
A.shland  Woolen  Mills,  where  he  had  previously  been  employed,  and  for 
two  years  sold  the  product  of  those  mills  as  a  traveling  salesman.  He 
was  the  old  type  of  traveling  salesman  who  carried  his  samples  in  a  case 
on  the  back  of  the  horse  he  rode,  and  most  of  his  customers  were  a 
hundred  miles  or  more  from  a  railroad.  While  in  Oregon  Mr.  Andrews 
helped  establish  a  woolen  mill  at  Salem,  and  for  two  years  he  was  owner 
of  the  Capital  City  Nursery,  which  is  still  a  going  concern. 

Nearly  thirty  years  measures  the  period  of  his  residence  in  Southern 
California.  For  a  short  time  he  was  in  the  furniture  business  at  Santa 
Ana,  and  in  March,  1894,  bought  a  bee  ranch,  and  has  been  one  of  the 
prominent  bee  ranchers  of  the  state  ever  since.  His  ranch  for  many  years 
was  located  on  the  Riverside  County  line,  but  in  1905  he  sold  his  land  to 
the  Alta  Vista  Club,  and  it  is  now  the  Club  grounds.  In  1901  he  removed 
his  family  to  their  present  home  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  and  Vincentia 
.Avenue  in  Corona,  and  is  now  associated  in  the  bee  business  with  his  son, 
L.  L.  Andrews.  They  have  over  thirteen  hundred  stands,  constituting 
probably  the  largest  apiary  in  Riverside  County. 

Out  of  his  long  study  and  experience  in  this  industry  he  has  developed 
a  prosperous  business  and  also  achieved  prominence  in  the  profession  all 
over  the  Pacific  Coast.  For  over  twelve  years  he  has  been  bee  inspector, 
served  two  _»ears  as  president  of  the  State  Bee  Keepers  Association,  and 
is  president  of  the  corporation  that  owns  the  Western  Honey  Bee  Publica- 
tion, the  official  publication  of  the  State  Bee  Keepers  Association. 

Mr.  Andrews  was  also  president  of  the  Citizens  Bank  of  Corona  for 
seven  years,  is  still  vice  president,  and  is  a  director  of  both  the  Citizens 
and  the  First  National  Banks.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
Order  for  fifty  years,  and  is  now  an  honorary  member  of  Ashland  Lodge 
No.  23  in  Oregon,  this  lodge  having  honored  him  in  this  manner  twenty- 
five  years  ago.  He  is  also  affiliated  with  the  Ancient  Order  of  United 
Workmen  of  Oregon  and  is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Mr.  Andrews  married  Elizabeth  Lachner,  who  was  born  at  Hawks- 
ville,  Waterloo  County,  Ontario.  She  was  educated  in  public  schools  and 
in  both  English  and  German  languages. 

William  S.  Shepardson.  The  name  Shepardson  has  been  promi- 
nently and  favorably  known  in  San  Bernardino  city  and  county  for  a 
number  of  years.  William  S.  Shepardson  is  one  of  the  prominent  bankers 
of  San  Bernardino,  and  has  been  active  in  local  financial  and  other  aflfairs 
for  the  past  five  vears. 

Vul.  1I-2S 


1034      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

He  was  born  at  Marblerock,  Floyd  County,  Iowa,  May  17,  1872,  son 
of  Jared  and  Julia  D.  (Bucklen)  Shepardson,  now  deceased,  the  former 
a  native  of  Vermont  and  the  latter  of  New  York  State,  both  of  old  Amer- 
ican ancestry.  Jared  Shepardson  was  a  banker,  connected  with  several 
financial  institutions  in  Iowa,  and  he  served  several  times  in  the  State 
Legislature  of  that  state,  where  he  was  known  as  a  citizen  of  wealth  and 
well  deserved  influence.  He  began  coming  to  California  as  early  as  1887, 
and  after  retiring  from  business  he  lived  for  several  years  at  Colton,  and 
in  1907  settled  permanently  at  San  Bernardino,  where  he  died  July  1, 
1918. 

William  S.  Shepardson  was  educated  in  the  grammar  and  high  schools 
of  Iowa,  attended  the  Baptist  University  of  Los  Angeles,  and  as  a  youth 
became  interested  in  banking  under  his  father  at  Marblerock,  Iowa.  Mr. 
Shepardson  kept  his  home  and  most  of  his  interests  at  Marblerock  until 
1915,  when,  after  visiting  the  expositions  of  San  Diego  and  San  Fran- 
cisco, he  located  permanently  in  the  state.  In  December,  1916,  he  helped 
organize  the  American  National  Bank  of  San  Bernardino,  \vith  a  capital 
of  a  hundred  thousand  dollars.  He  has  been  vice  president  and  one  of 
the  directors  of  this  institution  at  Third  and  F  streets  since  its  inception. 
R.  D.  McCook  is  president  and  W.  O.  Harris,  cashier.  Mr.  Shepardson 
is  also  vice  president  and  one  of  the  directors  of  the  San  Bernardino 
Valley  Bank.  He  is  financially  interested  in  several  horticultural  projects 
in  the  county. 

Mr.  Shepardson  is  a  member  of  the  Elks  Lodge  of  San  Bernardino 
and  as  a  voter  is  affiliated  with  the  republican  party.  At  Chicago,  July  9, 
1898,  he  married  Miss  Sarah  V.  Stoliker,  a  native  of  Canada,  and  daugh- 
ter of  James  Stoliker,  a  farmer.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shepardson  have  three 
children:  Julia  V.  is  the  wife  of  Herbert  C.  Parker,  secretary  of  the 
Parker  Iron  Works  of  San  Bernardino,  and  they  have  a  daughter,  Eliza- 
beth Julia  Parker.  The  two  younger  children  are  Miss  Elizabeth,  mem- 
ber of  the  class  of  1923  of  the  San  Bernardino  High  School ;  and  Jared  B., 
in  grammar  school. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shepardson  are  members  of  the  First  Congregational 
Church.  They  erected  a  most  attractive  home  at  487  Seventeenth  Street, 
in  which  he  and  Mrs.  Shepardson  have  expressed  with  resulting  great 
harmony  their  selective  choice  of  several  different  styles  and  parts  of 
architecture.  Mr.  Shepardson  recently  completed  another  handsome  house 
adjoining,  to  be  occupied  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Parker. 

Henry  A.  Puls — The  life  of  a  citizen  like  Henry  A.  Puis,  who  has 
been  a  resident  of  Riverside  since  May,  1886,  is  involved  in  so  many 
important  interests  that  the  history  of  material  development  might 
readily  be  written  from  the  standpoint  of  one  personality.  Mr.  Puis 
through  his  activities  and  influence  has  been  a  real  contributor  to 
the  growth  of  Riverside,  not  only  in  a  constructive  and  material  way, 
but  in  the  upbuilding  of  its  schools  and  civic  welfare. 

He  was  born  in  Germany,  October  24,  1846,  and  came  to  the 
United  States  when  one  year  old,  his  parents  Gottlieb  and  Henrietta 
(Snyder)  Puis,  settling  in  Chicago,  Illinois.  His  parents  were  natives 
of  Germany  and  lived  in  Chicago  for  a  number  of  years,  until  the 
death  of  the  mother  in  1853.  Later  Gottlieb  Puis  moved  to  Sheboy- 
gan, Wisconsin,  and  spent  the  rest  of  his  life  on  a  farm.  He  was  the 
father  of  five  children:  William,  who  remained  at  Sheboygan;  Airs. 
Minnie  Scholl.  now  eighty-five  years  of  age  and  living  in  Chicago; 
Mrs.  Hannah  Clahorst,  of  Wisconsin;  August,  a  contractor  at  She- 
boygan ;  aufl  Henry  A. 


M,a.(Sc^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1035 

The  public  school  education  of  Henry  A.  Puis  was  acquired  in 
Chicago.  When  about  fifteen  years  of  age  he  began  learning  the 
cabinet  maker's  trade.  After  a  short  time  his  employer  was  drafted 
into  the  army,  and  not  long  afterward  he  realized  that  better  oppor- 
tunities were  offered  in  the  general  building  line  than  as  a  cabinet 
maker.  In  1862  he  went  to  the  Lake  Superior  copper  region,  and  for 
two  years  had  an  experience  as  a  clerk  and  teamster  there.  On  return- 
ing to  Chicago  he  worked  as  a  carpenter,  and  gradually  got  into  the 
contracting  and  building  business.  In  1871  he  moved  to  Little  Rock, 
Arkansas,  was  in  busines  there  as  a  contractor  for  a  time,  and  on 
returning  to  Chicago  established  himself  in  business  in  the  suburban 
city  of  Evanston. 

At  Evanston  in  October,  1875,  Mr.  Puis  married  Miss  Mary  E. 
Huse.  She  was  born  in  Farmington,  Maine,  daughter  of  Abel  W. 
Huse,  a  farmer  of  that  state.  Her  brother,  Curtis  F.  Huse.  became 
a  well  known  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  and  is  outside  superintendent 
for  the  University  of  Southern  California. 

In  May,  1876,  Mr.  Puis  came  out  to  California,  spending  a  short 
time  in  Los  Angeles  with  his  wife's  relatives  and  then  coming  to 
Riverside.  Riverside  then  was  not  accessible  by  railroad,  and  he  rode 
into  the  town  by  stage  from  Colton.  The  magnificent  possibilities  of 
the  valley  made  an  immediate  appeal  to  him.  He  was  soon  one  of 
the  busiest  men  of  the  little  city,  and  as  a  contractor  and  builder 
he  pursued  his  business  under  many  difificulties  in  early  days.  River- 
side had  no  lumber  yard,  and  all  the  lumber  used  by  him  in  his  build- 
ing operations  came  from  the  San  Bernardino  Mountains,  being  hauled 
by  horses  over  a  poor  road.  The  Santa  Ana  River  was  unbridged, 
and  many  fine  teams  were  stuck  in  mid  stream.  Mr.  Puis  continued 
in  the  contracting  business  until  recent  years,  when  he  retired  in  order 
to  look  after  his  personal  aflfairs.  He  erected  many  of  the  fine  homes 
of  Riverside  in  former  years,  also  built  the  First  Methodist  Church, 
which  has  been  remodeled  several  times,  and  the  Brockton  Square 
School  House,  which  has  since  been  moved.  He  prosecuted  his  busi- 
ness with  commendable  energy,  and  has  long  possessed  ample  means 
to  permit  a  pleasant  retirement.  Although  seventy-five  years  of  age, 
he  recently  made  an  extended  trip  throughout  the  United  States, 
visiting  every  state  in  the  Union. 

Soon  after  coming  to  Riverside  Mr.  Puis  bought  fifteen  acres  of 
sage  brush  land  on  Grand  and  Bandini  avenues,  and  in  time  trans- 
formed it  into  a  magnificent  orange  grove.  He  planted  the  trees  with 
his  own  hands  on  ten  acres,  and  developed  the  rest  to  alfalfa.  He 
was  one  of  the  promoters  and  president  of  the  Alvitrez  Irrigation 
Company,  owning  the  first  water  system  in  the  valley,  the  ditches  of 
which  supplied  his  own  grove.  This  water  system  when  Mr.  Puis 
sold  out  recently  was  absorbed  bj'  the  Evans  interests.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  directors  of  the  Sunset  Water  Company.  In  1883  Mr. 
Puis  bought  forty  acres  in  the  famous  Cucamonga  district,  which 
he  planted  first  in  grapes  and  then  in  oranges.  He  sold  the  last 
twenty  acres  of  this  tract  in  1920.  He  also  owns  twenty-five  acres 
at  Armada  in  the  Moreno  Valley,  which  was  planted  to  apricots, 
oranges  and  grapes  and  served  by  water  from  Bear  \'alley.  When 
the  use  of  this  water  was  cut  ofif  Mr.  Puis  sold  the  property. 

Associated  with  Judge  Campbell,  Major  Miller  and  others  from 
San  Francisco,  Mr.  Puis  gave  an  early  impulse  to  the  horticultural 
activities  in  the  Palm  Valley  near  Palm  Springs.  They  acquired  their 
land  in  that  locality  in  1890.  planted  it,  and  initiated  the  development 


1036       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

of  what  is  now  one  of  the  largest  producing  fruit  sections  in  Southern 
California.  Mr.  Puis  and  his  associates  went  to  a  great  deal  of  expense 
in  that  development  work,  having  to  build  a  branch  railroad  through 
the  property.  It  was  development  work  of  the  kind  that  only  men 
of  courage  as  well  as  money  would  undertake,  but  its  results  have 
greatly  extended  the  area  of  profitable  cultivation  in  Riverside  County. 
At  one  time  Mr.  Puis  had  a  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  oranges  in  this 
county.  He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Riverside  Orange  Grow- 
ers Association  and  the  Pachappa  Association,  the  interests  of  both 
organizations  now  being  continued  as  the  Riverside  Orange  Growers 
Association.  Mr.  Puis  has  owned  extensive  property  interest  in  River- 
side, San  Bernardino  and  San  Diego  counties,  owns  some  centrally 
located  property  on  Long  Beach,  and  on  one  piece  of  Long  Beach 
property  he  has  erected  a  two-story  business  block  with  eight  stores 
on  the  groifnd  floor  and  living  rooms  on  the  second. 

Mr.  Puis  has  been  a  deservedly  popular  citizen  in  Riverside.  He 
is  the  oldest  member  of  Riverside  Lodge  No.  282,  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows,  is  a  past  chancellor  commander,  and  is  also  a  past 
patriarch  of  the  Encampment  and  a  member  of  the  Rebekahs.  He 
gave  his  first  presidential  ballot  to  General  Grant  in  1868,  and  has 
been  prominently  identified  with  the  republican  interests  ever  since, 
having  served  on  the  county  and  city  committees  and  attended  county 
conventions. 

Mr.  Puis  was  deprived  of  the  companionship  of  his  good  wife  by 
death  in  April,  1910.  He  has  a  daughter,  Winnie  Inez,  who  is  the 
wife  of  Albert  O.  Knoll,  a  successful  mason  contractor  at  Riverside. 
Mr.  Knoll  spent  his  boyhood  at  Olive.  Orange  County,  and  has  been 
a  resident  of  Riverside  since  1906.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Knoll  have  three 
children,  all  attending  school  at  Riverside,  named  Vernon,  Glenn  and 
Marion. 

Charles  L.  Cronk,  cashier  of  the  San  Bernardino  Valley  Bank,  has 
been  identified  with  banking  afi'air.s  in  Southern  California  since  he  left 
school,  and  is  one  of  the  younger  men  who  furnish  a  large  share  of  the 
personal  resources,  energy  and  enthusiasm  that  keep  progress  marching 
to  a  lively  measure  in  this  part  of  the  state. 

Mr.  Cronk  was  born  at  Canton.  McPherson  County,  Kansas,  October 
13,  1890,  .son  of  Franklin  J.  and  Emeretta  (Ogden)  Cronk.  The  mother, 
now  deceased,  was  born  in  Iowa,  of  Revolutionary  stock  and  English  de- 
scent. The  Cronk  family  originated  in  seven  brothers  who  came  from 
Holland  in  the  early  sixteen  hundreds.  Franklin  J.  Cronk,  now  engaged 
in  the  dry  goods  business  at  Lamando  Park,  California,  was  born  in  New 
York  State,  and  during  his  active  life  was  a  farmer  and  merchant.  He 
was  a  Kansas  pioneer,  his  first  home  in  the  Sunflower  State  being  a  sod 
house,  with  his  most  numerous  neighbors  rattlesnakes.  He  endured  all 
the  hardships  of  the  early  .settlers  and  eventually  achieved  the  competence 
which  he  has  enjoyed  in  .Southern  California. 

Charles  L.  Cronk  began  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Eldorado, 
Kansas.  He  was  thirteen  when  liis  parents  came  to  California  in  1903, 
and  he  finished  his  schooling  at  Long  Beach.  In  1909  he  became  mes- 
senger boy  for  the  Exchange  National  Bank  of  Long  Beach,  at  wages  of 
twenty-five  dollars  a  month.  For  three  years  he  was  with  that  institution 
and  was  promoted  to  bookkeeper.  Leaving  there,  he  became  bookkeeper 
for  the  First  National  Bank  of  Long  Beach,  and  when  he  resigned  in 
1919  he  was  assistant  cashier. 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1037 

Mr.  Cronk  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1919  to  take  charge  of  the  old 
Savings  Bank  of  San  Bernardino.  This  institution  was  incorporated  in 
1889.  In  December,  1920,  it  was  reorganized  and  the  name  changed  to 
the  San  Bernardino  Valley  Bank.  As  reorganized  it  does  a  general  bank- 
ing service  and  was  incorporated  with  an  authorized  capital  of  a  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  eighty-five  thousand  dollars  paid  in,  and  a  recent  state- 
ment showed  total  resources  of  eight  hundred  and  sixty-two  thousand 
dollars.  The  officers  are  J.  C.  Smith,  president ;  W.  S.  Shepardson,  vice 
president;  Charles  L.  Cronk,  cashier;  while  the  other  directors  are:  A.  G. 
Armstrong,  J.  C.  Love,  J.  E.  Rich,  H.  R.  Scott,  H.  C.  McAlHster  and 
Ellen  Smith.    The  assistant  cashier  is  C.  H.  Shorey. 

Mr.  Cronk  had  a  leading  part  in  the  organization  of  the  local  Clear- 
ing House,  terminating  after  a  year  of  work  toward  that  end.  The  Clear- 
ing House  has  proved  very  successful  and  an  important  source  of  busi- 
ness prestige  to  San  Bernardino.  Mr.  Cronk  is  manager  of  the  Clearing 
House.  He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Los  Angeles  Chapter  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Banking,  a  purely  educational  organization  for  the  officers 
and  employes  of  banks,  with  national  organization  headquarters  in  New- 
York.  Mr.  Cronk  was  instrumental  in  organizing  the  Orange  Belt  Chap- 
ter of  that  association  and  was  elected  its  first  president. 

While  at  Long  Beach  he  had  charge  of  all  the  Liberty  Loan  drives 
under  the  title  of  assistant  manager.  During  the  Victory  Loan  drive  in 
San  Bernardino  he  was  also  assistant  chairman,  and  had  the  satisfaction 
of  seeing  the  local  quota  more  than  subscribed.  He  is  serving  his  second 
term  as  vice  president  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  is  chairman  of 
its  promotion  committee.  During  the  one  day  membership  drive  for 
the  Chamber  in  the  1920  campaign  he  was  captain  of  the  "Tigers,"  as 
opposed  to  the  "Bears."  The  Tigers  won  by  a  close  margin.  Mr.  Cronk 
again  headed  the  "Tigers"  in  1921,  securing  eighty -one  new  members 
personally,  more  than  any  one  team  of  five  men  of  either  "Tigers"  or 
"Bears,"  and  again  defeating  the  "Bears."  Other  interests  of  his  busy 
career  are  represented  in  his  life  membership  in  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevo- 
lent and  Protective  Order  Elks  at  San  Bernardino,  membership  in 
the  Rotary  Club  and  as  chairman  of  its  Public  Afifairs  Committee.  He  is 
a  republican  in  politics.  February  19,  1912,  at  Long  Beach,  Mr.  Cronk 
married  Miss  Mary  Sans  Souci.  She  was  born  in  Rhode  Island.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Cronk  have  one  son,  Frederick. 

William  O.  Harris.  Reared  and  educated  at  San  Bernardino,  William 
O.  Harris,  in  school  and  since  has  exercised  the  privilege  conferred  by 
his  genial  personality  of  achieving  a  solid  connection  of  loyal  friendships, 
and  with  his  growing  prestige  as  a  banker  he  has  become  one  of  the  men 
of  power  in  the  community. 

Mr.  Harris  regards  it  as  a  high  honor  that  he  was  one  of  the  organ- 
izers and  is  cashier  of  the  American  National  Bank  of  San  Bernardino. 
This  bank  has  made  one  of  the  most  remarkable  records  of  any  institu- 
tion of  the  kind  in  the  state.  It  was  opened  for  business  December  30, 
1916.  During  the  first  day,  between  nine  a.  m.  and  ten  p.  m.,  eight  hun- 
dred and  thirteen  new  accounts  were  opened,  at  the  rate  of  more  than  one 
every  minute.  It  has  a  capital  stock  of  a  hundred  thousand  dollars,  its 
resources  exceed  a  million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  at  the  end 
of  the  first  year  the  deposits  were  half  a  million.  The  first  dividend  was 
paid  eighteen  months  after  the  opening,  and  dividends  have  been  regular 
ever  since.  The  personnel  of  the  bank  consists  of  R.  D.  McCook,  presi- 
dent ;  W.  S.  Shepardson,  vice  president ;  William  O.  Harris,  cashier ;  O.  R. 
Ervin,  assistant  cashier,  while  the  directors  are  Joseph  E.  Rich,  H.  S. 


1038      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Wall,  Nelson  McCook,  E.  J.  Gilbert,  W.  S.  Shepardson,  J.  W.  Catick, 
Philip  M.  Savage  and  R.  D.  McCook. 

William  O.  Harris  was  born  at  Jamestown,  North  Dakota,  January  6, 
1892,  son  of  Sewel  A.  and  Anna  (Bennett)  Harris.  His  mother,  now 
deceased,  was  born  in  England.  Sewel  A.  Harris,  a  native  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, was  a  Dakota  pioneer  and  is  now  an  orchardist  at  Brewster,  Wash- 
ington, in  the  midst  of  the  belt  where  the  most  magnificent  winter  apples 
in  the  world  are  produced. 

H.  E.  Harris,  uncle  of  Wilham  O.,  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1900, 
and  is  vice  president  of  the  San  Bernardino  National  Bank,  as  told  else- 
where in  this  publication.  William  O.  Harris  lived  with  his  uncle,  and 
thus  acquired  most  of  his  early  education  in  San  Bernardino.  He  gradu- 
ated from  high  school  in  1910,  took  his  preparatory  course  in  Pomona 
College  and  received  his  A.  B.  degree  from  Cornell  University  of  New 
York  in  1914.  While  in  university  he  participated  in  athletics  of  all  kinds 
and  made  the  football  and  track  teams.  His  interest  in  athletics  has 
continued,  and  as  far  as  is  consistent  with  his  business  life  he  endeavors 
to  keep  in  form. 

The  two  years  following  his  university  career  and  before  the  opening 
of  the  American  National  Bank,  Mr.  Harris  was  in  training  for  his  finan- 
cial duties  as  bookkeeper  for  the  San  Bernardino  National  Bank.  Many 
of  his  friends  followed  him  to  the  new  institution,  and  its  patronage  is 
in  part  a  tribute  to  his  personality  as  well  as  his  banking  ability.  The 
American  National  is  the  only  bank  organized  in  San  Bernardino  since 
the  Federal  Reserve  Act,  which  gives  new  national  banks  authority  to 
carry  their  own  savings  accounts  without  the  necessity  of  maintaining  a 
separate  institution.  The  bank  now  has  a  working  force  of  fourteen  em- 
ployes, including  the  cashier. 

By  way  of  a  public  record  Mr.  Harris  has  for  the  past  three  years 
been  a  member  of  the  City  Board  of  Water  Commissioners.  He  is  a 
democrat,  is  affiliated  with  San  Bernardino  Lodge  of  Elks,  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  oldest  college  local  fraternity  of  Cornell,  the  Skull,  now  the 
Phi  Delta  Sigma.  He  and  his  family  are  members  of  the  First  Congre- 
gational Church.  September  11,  1917,  at  Slaterville  Springs,  New  York, 
Mr.  Harris  married  Miss  Katharine  Mary  Slater.  She  was  born  in  that 
state  and  is  of  English  descent.  Her  father,  A.  J.  Slater,  is  a  great- 
grandson  of  the  man  for  whom  Slaterville  Springs  was  named.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Harris  have  two  children,  Katharine  Sue,  born  in  1918,  and  William 
Oscar,  Jr.,  born  in  1920. 

William  Winton  Savage.  As  an  eye,  throat,  nose  and  ear  special- 
ist. Dr.  William  Winton  Savage  has,  in  a  comparatively  short  period  of 
time,  achieved  an  enviable  reputation  for  his  skillful  work  in  San  Ber- 
nardino, and  has  built  up  a  clientele  by  his  success  which  is  not  only  large 
and  lucrative  but  is  constantly  on  the  increase.  A  specialist  in  any  line 
has  to  "make  good,"  for  his  success  depends  entirely  on  the  outcome  of 
the  cases  he  handles,  and  the  public  expects  one  to  justify  himself  as  an 
expert  in  his  profession.  The  regular  medical  practitioner,  the  "family 
doctor,"  is  not  held  to  such  strict  account,  for  he  ministers  to  all  the  ills 
which  afiflict  mankind,  and  of  necessity  he  cannot  do  that  and  be  in  any 
line  a  specialist.  But  in  this  age  of  progress  mankind  is  demanding  more 
and  more  insistently  that  the  medical  fraternity  specialize,  as  the  world 
of  trade  and  commerce  is  demanding  of  its  exponents,  and  while  the  all 
around  physician  will  always  have  his  place,  the  specialist  has  "come  into 
his  own"  if  he  proves  worthy. 


lAt^(Xy€4.<jij\.^-iMAf-^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RI\'ERSIDK  COUNTIES       1039 

Ur.  W.  W.  Savage  was  born  in  Tulare  County,  California.  His 
father.  Philip  Savage,  a  native  of  'J'cxas,  came  to  California  when  a  very 
young  man  and  located  in  Yolo  County.  He  was  a  farmer,  raising  grain 
principally.  He  died  in  Sanger,  Eresno  County,  in  1913.  The  mother  of 
Dr.  Savage  is  Flora  (Darby)  Savage,  a  native  daughter  of  California. 
Her  people  were  pioneers,  her  father  at  one  time  owning  the  old  Arrow- 
head Hotel.  She  is  now  living  in  Berkeley,  California.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Savage  were  the  parents  of  twelve  children,  of  whom  the  following  are 
living:  Genevieve,  wife  of  George  P.  Manchester,  of  Berkeley,  California; 
Geraldine,  wife  of  Charles  Kavanaugh  of  Napa;  Dr.  Philip  Monroe  Sav- 
age, a  prominent  surgeon  of  San  Bernardino,  whose  sketch  is  given  else- 
where in  this  history  ;  Harold,  an  attorney  in  Fresno. 

Dr.  William  Winton  Savage  was  born  in  Tulare  County,  California, 
in  September,  1884,  and  is  a  native  son  of  California  and  a  son  of  a  native 
daughter  of  California,  which,  according  to  native  sons  and  adopted  sons 
of  the  Golden  State,  is  a  double  distinction.  Dr.  Savage  was  educated 
in  the  grammar  school  in  Tulare  County,  and  when  the  family  moved  to 
Sanger,  Fresno  County,  he  attended  the  high  school  there  and  was  gradu- 
ated in  1904.  In  1905  he  went  to  the  Cooper  Medical  College  in  San  Fran- 
cisco and  graduated  with  the  class  of  1909.  He  then  went  into  the  Fresno 
County  Hospital  as  interne  for  one  year.  He  next  located  in  Kingsbury, 
Fresno  County,  where  he  practiced  for  two  years,  and  was  the  surgeon 
for  the  Hume-Bennett  Lumber  Company  in  the  mountains  for  a  year  and 
a  half.  He  then  started  practicing  in  Fresno,  and  remained  there  until 
he  came  to  San  Bernardino.  After  locating  in  San  Bernardino  he  went 
lo  the  clinic  at  Lane  Hospital,  San  Francisco,  and  studied  diseases  of  the 
eye,  ear,  nose  and  throat.  Since  then  he  has  specialized  exclusively  in 
that  line. 

In  1908  he  married  Laurell  Moody,  a  daughter  of  N.  W.  Moody,  of 
Fresno  County.  They  have  three  children:  Mildred  Allen;  William  Win- 
ton,  Jr. ;  and  John  Nathan.  Dr.  Savage  is  a  member  of  the  San  Bernar- 
dino County  Medical  Association,  of  the  California  State  Medical  Asso- 
ciation and  of  the  American  Medical  Association.  He  is  a  member  of 
San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of 
Elks,  and  of  the  Rotary  Club.  He  is  a  democrat  in  political  belief  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

In  addition  to  his  own  practice  Dr.  Savage  does  special  work  as  the 
attending  specialist  for  the  Arrowhead  Hospital. 

William  A.  Burrows — The  late  William  A.  Burrows  was  responsible 
for  much  of  the  earlier  development  of  Riverside,  for  he  always  had 
a  deep  and  abiding  faith  in  its  future  and  gave  practical  expression 
to  it  in  his  heavy  investments  in  its  property.  He  also  became  an 
orange  grower,  and  figured  prominently  in  the  expansion  of  that 
industry.  As  a  man  he  exemplified  the  highest  type  of  honorable 
manhood  and  American  citizenship,  and  in  his  passing  Riverside  lost 
one  of  its  constructive  factors. 

William  A.  Burrows  was  born  in  New  York  State,  April  18,  1855, 
and  died  at  Riverside,  California,  in  December,  1916.  He  was  a 
son  of  Cyrus  and  Diana  (Thresher)  Burrows,  both  of  whom  were 
natives  of  New  York  State,  and  are  now  deceased.  By  trade  Cyrus 
Burrows  was  a  mason.  He  belonged  to  an  old  American  family 
which  was  founded  in  this  country  prior  to  the  American  Revolution 
by  ancestors  from  England.  He  was  a  direct  descendent  of  Ethen 
Allen. 


10-10       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Growing  up  in  his  native  state,  William  A.  Burrows  attended  its 
public  schools,  and  after  completing  his  studies  engaged  in  farming. 
Later  he  went  to  Fairport,  New  York,  where  he  embarked  in  a  dairy 
business,  and  there  carried  it  on  for  nineteen  years.  Seeking  a  milder 
climate,  Mr.  Burrows  in  1890  came  to  California,  and  for  several  years 
was  foreman  for  the  Bixby-Howard  Company  of  Los  Angeles.  He 
than  bought  a  general  merchandise  store  ten  miles  from  Los  Angeles, 
and  conducted  it  for  a  time.  During  his  early  residence  in  that  state 
he  several  times  visited  Riverside,  and,  as  he  afterward  expressed 
it,  thought  that  he  had  struck  the  "Garden  of  Eden."  He  invested 
in  property  at  Riverside,  purchasing  part  of  the  Jackson  Block  on 
Eighth  Street  and  a  business  block  on  Main  Street  between  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Streets.  Later  he  bought  the  adjoining  piece  of  property  on 
Main  Street,  remodeled  it,  and  it  is  now  known  as  the  Ray  Block. 
Mr.  Burrows  subsequently  sold  the  Jackson  Block  and  bought  the 
old  Press  Building  on  Eighth  Street,  put  in  a  modern  front  and  gener- 
ally remodeled  it.  This  property  is  now  owned  by  the  Eighth  Street 
Store.  In  time  Mr.  Burrows  disposed  of  the  properties  he  had  made 
so  valuable,  and  he  later  invested  in  some  business  property  at  Colton, 
still  owned  by  his  widow.  He  also  built  the  brick  block  at  Arlington 
known  as  the  Burrows  Block,  and  Mrs.  Burrows  still  owns  this  prop- 
erty. For  a  time  Mr.  Burrows  was  engaged  in  a  paint  and  oil  busi- 
ness at  Arlington,  and  later  conducted  a  grocery  business  in  that 
suburb. 

In  1897  Mr.  Burrows  bought  twelve  acres  of  oranges  and  alfalfa 
at  507  Indiana  Avenue,  where  the  family  have  since  resided.  This  is 
one  of  the  oldest  settled  pieces  of  property  at  Riverside,  the  euca- 
lyptus trees,  planted  by  the  original  owner,  having  attained  immense 
proportions.  Air.  Burrows  was  a  member  of  the  Arlington  Fruit 
Exchange,  disposing  of  his  oranges  through  its  medium,  and  from  the 
time  he  came  here  until  his  death,  was  prominent  in  the  business 
world,  and  held  the  full  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens.  While  he 
always  voted  the  republican  ticket,  he  was  not  active  in  politics. 

On  December  31,  1894,  Mr.  Burrows  married  Miss  Cora  B.  Had- 
dock, a  native  of  Minnesota,  a  daughter  of  James  and  Frances  M. 
(Lucas)  Haddock.  James  Haddock  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Los 
Angeles,  and  embarked  in  the  orange  growing  business  in  the  south- 
ern part  of  that  city.  He  was  a  popular  man  and  took  an  active 
interest  in  all  things  political,  but  never  sought  public  preferment. 
Born  in  Canada,  he  early  came  to  the  United  States,  and  during  the 
war  between  the  two  sections  of  the  country  served  as  a  sergeant  in 
the  First  Wisconsin  Cavalry.  Mrs.  Burrows  is  a  graduate  of  the 
Los  Angeles  State  Normal  School  and  taught  four  years  in  Los 
Angeles  County.  She  is  much  interested  in  uplift  work,  and  has 
devoted  much  time  to  the  Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union,  and 
is  president  of  the  Arlington  branch  of  that  organization.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Burrows  became  the  parents  of  five  children,  namely :  Ray,  who 
died  at  the  age  of  12  years ;  Ruth,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the  Riverside 
High  School,  Class  of  1921,  and  now  attending  Junior  College;  Orlo 
J.,  who  is  in  charge  of  the  home  ranch,  which  he  and  his  mother  are 
operating ;  Marjorie  and  WilHam,  both  of  whom  are  attending  the 
Riverside  public  schools,  the  former  a  student  of  the  High  School. 

Grace  Chandler  Stanley,  as  superintendent  of  San  Bernardino 
County's  schools,  has  been  one  of  the  many  talented  women  who  have 
demonstrated  that  a  woman,  properly  equipped,  is  the  ideal  supervisor  of 


SAN  BERXARDIXO  AXD  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1041 

all  branches,  relating  to  the  education  of  children.  She  has  a  large  terri- 
tory to  supervise,  but  her  handling  of  every  matter  pertaining  to  her 
office  has  shown  that  her  ability  and  judgment  leave  nothing  to  be  desired 
or  improved  upon,  and  her  record  speaks  for  her. 

Mrs.  Stanley  was  born  in  Smith  Center,  Kansas,  the  daughter  of 
Robert  A.  and  Eunice  (KellyJ  Chandler,  her  father  a  native  of  Iowa  and 
her  mother  of  Ohio.  Mr.  Chandler  moved  to  Kansas  from  Iowa  about 
1876,  and  followed  farming  in  that  state  at  first  but  later  was  cashier  of 
the  Smith  County  National  Bank  at  Smith  Center.  In  1900  he  came  to 
California  and  located  at  Santa  Paula,  and  afterward  moved  to  Long 
Beach,  where  he  lived  a  retired  life  until  his  death  on  July  19,  1918.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and  was  very 
active  in  the  cause  of  prohibition.  His  wife  died  in  Kansas  in  1898. 
They  were  the  parents  of  four  children :  John,  now  associated  with  the 
Standard  Oil  Company  in  Richmond,  California;  Walter,  deceased;  Nellie, 
wife  E.  E.  Wright,  of  Los  Angeles;  and  Grace  Chandler  Stanley. 

Mrs.  Stanley  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Smith  Center, 
Kansas,  and  at  Washburn  College  in  Topeka,  Kansas.  She  came  to  Cali- 
fornia to  attend  Stanford  University,  where  she  completed  the  course  in 
two  and  a  half  years  and  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1903,  the  pos- 
sessor of  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science. 

She  came  to  southern  California  in  1903,  and  was  principal  of  the 
Mission  school  near  Redlands  and  succeeding  that,  taught  in  the  grammar 
and  high  school  in  Long  Beach  for  two  years.  In  1912  she  started  teach- 
ing in  Redlands  as  a  substitute  and  in  January,  1913,  took  a  position  in 
the  McKinley  School  of  Redlands  and  taught  there  two  years. 

In  1915  she  was  appointed  county  superintendent  of  schools  and  served 
until  1918,  when  she  was  elected  for  the  four  year  term,  a  deserved  en- 
dorsement of  her  work  in  the  short  term.  At  the  close  of  1921  there 
were  seventy-four  school  districts  in  the  county,  and  she  has  supervision 
over  five  hundred  teachers.  She  supervises  all  districts  in  the  county  ex- 
cept the  City  of  San  Bernardino. 

She  was  married  on  November  27,  1906,  to  Percy  Dean  Stanley,  a 
native  of  Wisconsin,  an  orange  grower  near  Redlands.  He  died  October 
10,  1911,  leaving  three  children:  Richard  Lawrence,  Chandler  and  Bran- 
don. Mrs.  Stanley  is  a  member  of  the  Contemporary  Club,  and  of  the 
Congregational  Church  of  Redlands.  She  is  also  a  member  of  the  Local, 
State  and  National  Teachers'  Associations,  having  acted  as  president  of 
the  California  Teachers'  Association,  Southern  Section,  for  the  year 
1917,  and  at  present  vice  president  of  the  same  association  and  member 
of  the  State  Federal  Council.  She  has  also  acted  on  the  Superintendents' 
Legislative  Committee  and  as  secretary  of  the  Committee  of  Twenty-One 
for  the  Reorganization  of  the  State  School  System. 

John  H.  Cresmer.  The  importance  of  any  community  is  measured 
by  the  commercial  rating  and  efficiency  of  its  business  men,  and  judged  by 
this  standard.  Riverside  is  entitled  to  a  foremost  position  among  the 
flourishing  cities  of  the  southwest,  for  it  possesses  some  of  the  most  alert, 
aggressive,  experienced  and  capable  citizens  of  this  part  of  the  country, 
among  whom  none  is  more  entitled  to  extended  mention  than  John  H. 
Cresmer,  vice  president  of  the  Cresmer  Manufacturing  Company. 

John  H.  Cresmer  was  born  in  Creswell,  Maryland,  November  15, 
1860,  a  son  of  J.  G.  and  R.  Sophia  (Hartling)  Cresmer,  both  of  whom 
are  now  deceased.  J.  G.  Cresmer  was  born  in  Odenberg,  Saxony,  Ger- 
many, and  his  wife  in  Leipsic,  Germany.  They  were  farming  people, 
who  left  their  native  land  for  the  United  States  in  1838,  and  after  their 


1042       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  Rn'ERSIDE  COUNTIES 

anival  in  this  country  located  in  the  neighborhood  of  Crcswell,  Mary- 
land, where  they  continued  their  agricultural  operations  until  the  demise 
of  Mr.  Cresmer.  Later  in  life  Mrs.  Cresmer  came  to  California,  where 
she  died.  Herman  Cresmer,  a  brother  of  John  II.  Cresmer,  is  a  resident 
of  Fresno,  California.  During  the  war  between  the  states  he  served  as  a 
soldier  in  a  Maryland  regiment.  Frank  Cresmer,  another  brother,  lives 
at  Los  Angeles,  and  a  third  brother,  Edward  Cresmer,  is  deceased. 

Growing  up  in  Harford  County,  Maryland,  John  H.  Cresmer  attended 
its  public  schools,  and  at  the  same  time  learned  the  business  of  canning 
fruits  and  vegetables.  When  he  left  school  he  and  his  mother  decided  to 
go  into  the  canning  business  for  themselves,  this  move  being  necessary, 
as  in  the  meanwhile  the  father  and  husband  had  been  taken  from  them 
by  death.  Embarking  in  this  enterprise,  they  followed  this  line  of  en- 
deavor very  successfully  for  six  years,  their  pack  being  known  as  the 
"Forest"  brand.  They  specialized  on  tomatoes,  peaches  and  blackberries. 
At  the  termination  of  the  six  years  the  entire  plant  was  destroyed  by  fire, 
resulting  from  spontaneous  combustion.  Their  insurance  did  not  cover 
their  loss,  and  Mr.  Cresmer  was  once  more  thrown  on  his  own  resources. 
In  1882  he  went  to  Weldon,  DeWitt  County,  Illinois,  and  organized 
the  Cresmer  Brothers  Canning  Company,  locating  his  plant  in  the  midst 
of  a  very  productive  .section  of  the  country.  He  planned  to  can  about 
400  acres  of  sweet  corn,  and  planted  some  acreage  himself.  Unfortu- 
nately for  the  success  of  his  project  this  was  an  extremely  wet  season, 
the  corn  all  turned  yellow,  so  it  was  unfit  for  packing.  In  preparing  for 
the  business  he  had  purchased  the  tin  and  manufactured  1,000,000  cans. 
Owing  to  the  failure  of  the  corn  he  bought  pumpkins,  apples  and  other 
])roduce  to  fill  his  cans,  striving  to  retrieve  his  losses,  but  after  two  years 
of  earnest  etifort  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  his  project  and  began  learn- 
ing the  carpenter  trade. 

California  was  beginning  to  attract  settlers  as  a  desirable  place  of 
residence,  and  in  1886  Mr.  Cresmer  came  west  to  San  Jacinto,  where  he 
worked  in  a  planing  mill,  thus  learning  the  mechanism  of  the  sash,  door 
and  window  construction.  During  his  last  year  at  San  Jacinto  he  was 
connected  as  a  partner  with  John  Shaver.  His  residence  at  San  Jacinto 
covered  fourteen  years,  and  after  the  earthquake  he  practically  rebuilt 
the  town,  having  eighty  men  working  under  him. 

In  1900  Mr.  Cresmer  came  to  Riverside,  and  here  he  found  ideal  con- 
ditions for  the  carrying  out  of  a  plan  he  had  formulated.  He  bought  his 
present  site  from  the  A.  W.  Miller  Manufacturing  Company,  which  was 
conducting  a  small  planing  mill,  paying  for  it  $1,000  in  cash  and  the  re- 
mainder in  installments.  Four  years  later  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
George  F.  \N'ard,  and  during  the  following  year  incorporated  the  Cresmer 
&  Ward  Company.  Two  years  later  he  bought  out  his  partner,  and 
changed  the  name  to  the  present  one  of  the  Cresmer  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany. He  sold  additional  stock  and  erected  his  present  modern  and  com- 
modious quarters.  In  19C8  he  added  the  contracting  business  to  his  other. 
Some  idea  of  the  importance  of  this  company  and  the  value  of  its  opera- 
tions may  be  gleaned  from  the  following  extract  quoted  in  part  from  an 
article  which  appeared  in  a  contemporary  newspaper  during  1921. 

"The  Cresmer  Manufacturing  Company  of  Riverside  had  a  birthday 
during  the  past  week.  It  was  twenty-one  years  old,  having  been  in  busi- 
ness in  this  community  during  that  length  of  time.  This  company  has 
done  more  than  $500,000  worth  of  construction  work  during  the  past 
twelve  months.  It  has  had  a  payroll  of  more  than  $150,000,  expended  in 
Riverside.  It  operates  throughout  all  of  Southern  California,  and  has  the 
credit  for  some  of  the  largest  buildings  in  this  district,  including  the  Santa 


SAN  BERXARDIXX)  AND  RIX'EKSIDE  COUNTIES       1043 

l'"e  Depot  at  San  Bernardino,  which  cost  $250,000.  It  built  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church  building  of  Riverside.  It  built  the  University  of  Cali- 
tornia  Experiment  Station  buildings  of  this  city,  at  a  cost  of  $115,000. 
It  erected  the  Southern  Sierras  Power  Company  building  for  840,000, 
and  recently  the  Sperry  Flour  Company  building  for  $35,000.  It  did 
$80,000  worth  of  interior  work  for  the  Goodyear  Rubber  Company  fac- 
tory at  Los  Angeles.  It  has  built  such  outside  buildings  as  the  $100,000 
nuisic  hall  at  Claremount,  an  $80,000  residence  for  Mrs.  Fowler  near 
Chino,  $40,000  in  buildings  at  the  George  Junior  Republic,  a  $100,000 
Fifth  Street  grammar  school  at  San  Pedro,  and  many  other  structures 
of  importance. 

"Riverside  is  to  be  congratulated  upon  having  a  plant  such  as  that  of 
the  Cresmer  Manufacturing  Company.  It  is  an  asset  to  the  community. 
Local  people  having  mill  work  to  do  should  realize  that  it  is  not  necessary 
to  go  to  Los  Angeles  to  have  it  done,  and  that  it  can  be  done  as  well  and 
as  cheaply  at  the  Cresmer  plant.  The  fact  that  a  large  part  of  its  work 
is  in  other  communities,  secured  in  competition  with  Los  Angeles  and 
other  outside  firms,  shows  what  it  is  capable  of  doing." 

In  addition  to  constructing  and  building  the  company  deals  in  general 
mill  work,  plate  windows  and  ornamental  glass,  hard  woods,  office  fix- 
tures and  mission  furniture.  The  officials  are  :  J.  H.  Urquhart,  president ; 
J.  H.  Cresmer,  vice  president  and  manager;  and  J.  W.  Shrimp,  secretary 
and  treasurer. 

Mr.  Cresmer  is  an  independent  in  politics,  and  while  living  at  San 
Jacinto  was  a  member  of  its  City  Council.  He  belongs  to  the  Benevolent 
and  Protective  Order  of  Elks,  the  Woodmen  of  the  World,  American 
Yeomen,  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  Business  Men's  Association. 
All  of  his  life  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  and  has 
taken  an  active  part  in  the  work  of  this  denomination  in  the  several  com- 
munities in  which  he  has  resided,  and  while  at  San  Jacinto  was  secre- 
tary of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School,  and 
chairman  of  the  Church  Board.  For  the  past  twenty  years  he  has  been 
an  elder  of  the  Riverside  congregation. 

On  June  6,  1881,  Mr.  Cresmer  married  at  Creswell,  Maryland,  Miss 
Lena  E.  Gerhardt,  a  native  of  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  a  daughter  of 
Theodore  Gerhardt,  a  shoe  manufacturer  of  Baltimore.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Cresmer  have  eight  living  children,  namely  :  Walter  H.,  who  is  engaged 
with  his  father  in  the  mill  business ;  Anna  E.,  and  Eunice  L.,  both  of 
whom  are  at  home ;  J.  Roland,  who  is  a  brick  layer  of  Riverside ;  Elsie 
R.,  who  is  the  wife  of  A.  M.  Lyons,  a  plumber  of  Riverside;  Blanche, 
who  is  a  stenographer  and  typist  in  the  county  assessor's  office ;  Delta,  who 
is  a  student  in  the  Riverside  High  School,  class  of  1921  ;  and  Clarence  E., 
who  is  a  student  in  the  Republic  School,  Riverside. 

Mr.  Cresmer  is  a  man  whose  remarkable  success  may  be  attributed  in 
large  part  to  his  persistence  and  determination  to  win  out  in  spite  of  ob- 
stacles. Disaster  has  overcome  him  more  than  once,  but  he  has  not  been 
discouraged,  but  gone  right  along  working  hard  to  gain  a  new  hold  upon 
fortune.  Not  many  men  could  have  risen  above  the  discouragements  of 
business  disappointments  as  has  he,  and  all  the  more  credit  is  due  him 
for  what  he  has  ultimately  accomplished  because  of  these  early  failures. 
He  is  a  citizen  of  the  highest  standing,  and  a  man  whose  advice  and  sup- 
port are  sought  by  the  leading  and  most  responsible  people  of  this  and 
other  sections,  for  his  worth  is  fully  appreciated. 

Francis  D.  Keller — According  to  the  deep-rooted  belief  of  every 
native  son  of  California,  Francis  D.  Keller,  of  San  Bernardino,  is  greatly 


1044       SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

tv  be  envied,  for  he  is  not  only  one  of  those  sons,  his  father  one  of  the 
early  pioneers,  but  he  was  born  in  the  city  of  which  he  is  now  an  im- 
portant business  factor.  And  he  not  only  spent  practically  all  his  life  in 
San  Bernardino,  but  he  married  the  daughter  of  a  pioneer. 

His  father  was  Francis  M.  Keller,  a  native  of  Illinois,  who  after  being 
educated  in  the  public  schools  took  up  the  occupation  of  farming  and  con- 
tinued in  it  until  he  retired.  He  came  to  San  Bernardino  with  his  mother 
in  1854,  and  spent  most  of  his  life  in  that  city  and  district.  He  was  for 
thirty  years  a  member  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  and  in 
politics,  a  democrat. 

The  mother  of  Francis  D.  Keller  was  Rachael  Emma  (Robinson) 
Keller,  a  native  of  Iowa,  who  came  to  San  Bernardino  via  the  ox  team 
route  when  a  little  girl.  With  her  husband  she  is  now  living  in  San 
Bernardino,  on  a  ranch  on  Mill  Street,  about  two  and  a  half  miles  from 
San  Bernardino.  They  were  the  parents  of  five  children :  Francis  D., 
Clara  D.,  Alma  N.,  Henry  (Deceased)  and  Rachael,  wife  of  George  Hol- 
brook,  of  San  Bernardino. 

Francis  D.  Keller  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  San  Bernar- 
dino and  for  one  year  attended  Sturges  Academy.  He  then  went  into 
the  hardware  business  in  1887,  as  an  employe  of  George  M.  Cooley,  and 
he  remained  in  this  position  until  1899  and  left  it  to  take  one  with  C.  W. 
Nettler  He  remained  here  until  1903,  and  then,  with  A.  B.  Thomas, 
bought  the  business  and  incorporated  under  the  name  of  the  San  Ber- 
nardino Hardware  Company.  This  continued  for  ten  years,  when  the 
business  was  reorganized  in  1913,  J.  F.  McKinney  coming  into  the  or- 
ganization. It  was  at  the  same  time  disincorporated  and  made  a  partner- 
ship firm.  The  firm  has  always  been  a  popular  one  and  none  stands 
higher  in  the  estimation  both  of  the  public  and  of  business  associates,  and 
its  steady  growth  into  the  fine  established  business  it  is  today  is  well 
merited.  A  knowledge  of  all  branches  of  the  business,  careful  supervi- 
sion, expert  buying  and  square  dealing  has  placed  the  firm  in  the  secure 
niche  it  occupies  in  the  business  world  of  San  Bernardino. 

Mr.  Keller  was  united  in  marriage  in  1895  with  Ada  R.  Vale,  a 
daughter  of  W.  A.  Vale,  the  pioneer  photographer  and  piano  dealer  of 
San  Bernardino,  who  has  retired  and  is  now  enjoying  life  in  the  city. 
They  have  one  child,  Gerald  Vale  Keller.  Mr.  Keller  is  a  member  of 
San  Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks, 
of  Arrowhead  Parlor  No.  110,  Native  Sons  of  the  Golden  West,  and 
of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows.  He  gives  his  political  faith  to 
the  democratic  party. 

Orlis  I.  Kennedy— A  more  gifted  and  versatile  citizen  San  Ber- 
nardino County  perhaps  never  had  than  the  late  Orlis  I.  Kennedy,  whose 
death  on  August  12,  1920,  was  a  source  of  profound  sorrow  to  his  many 
associates  and  friends  as  well  as  to  his  immediate  family.  During  his 
residence  at  San  Bernardino,  extending  over  twenty  years,  he  had 
achieved  a  notable  place  as  a  successful  lawyer,  but  even  more  as  an 
enthusiastic  student  and  searcher  of  scientific  truth,  particularly  in  the 
realm  of  economic  and  theoretical  geology,  and  he  possessed  that  depth 
and  sweetness  of  character  usually  found  in  men  of  intense  devotion  to 
nature  and  her  works.  While  he  handled  a  successful  law  practice,  his 
chief  enthusiasm  and  source  of  recreation  was  in  studying  earth  forma- 
tions. He  was  an  authority  on  seismic  disturbances,  was  an  accurate 
forecaster  of  earthquakes,  and  the  subject  had  intrigued  him  greatly  and 
just  prior  to  his  death  he  had  written  a  treatise  on  the  "Romance  of  the 
Earthquake."     Since  his  death  his  theories  have  been  adopted  by  Stan- 


^^Ic.   ^ 


/^\jL-r*—''*-*^C^ 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       1045 

ford  University.  It  is  a  fascinating  story  dealing  in  popular  language 
with  the  scientific  aspect  of  a  subject  that  is  little  understood  by  the 
general  public. 

Mr.  Kennedy  was  born  in  Indiana,  June  16,  187.^,  son  of  J.  T.  and 
Martha  (Allen)  Kennedy,  the  latter  now  deceased.  His  mother  was 
born  in  North  Carolina  of  an  old  English  family,  and  from  the  same 
ancestry  is  descended  the  noted  Kansas  journalist  and  author,  William 
Allen  White.  J.  T.  Kennedy  was  born  in  Virginia,  of  old  Virginia  stock, 
and  is  now  living  in  San  Bernardino. 

Orlis  I.  Kennedy  acquired  his  education  in  the  public  schools  of  Vir- 
ginia, in  the  Turkey  Coo  Seminary  of  that  state,  and  in  1890  came  to 
San  Bernardino.  Here  he  studied  law  under  John  Brown,  Jr.,  and  other 
attorneys,  and  after  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1914  had  a  busy  gen- 
eral practice  in  civil,  criminal  and  probate  work. 

His  geological  investigations  had  a  practical  turn  and  for  years  he 
was  regarded  as  a  scientific  authority  on  the  oil  field  of  the  coast.  As 
a  field  geologist  he  carried  on  his  work  in  some  of  the  most  inaccessible 
places,  and  frequently  was  accompanied  by  Mrs.  Kennedy,  who  through 
him  learned  the  beauties  of  the  waste  land  and  the  pleasure  of  sleeping 
under  the  stars.  Mr.  Kennedy  with  Erwin  Swarthout,  Arthur  Armen- 
trout  and  his  own  son,  William  Kennedy,  located  the  oil  fields  of  the 
Painted  Hills  Oil  Association  in  Townships  2,  3  and  4,  South,  Ranges 
3  and  4,  East,  S.  B.  M.  This  property  lies  about  fifty-four  miles  east 
of  San  Bernardino  and  north  of  Whitewater  Station,  which  is  about 
twentv  miles  from  Banning.  The  holdings  of  the  company  now  consist 
of  3,520  acres,  comprising  a  huge  anticlinal  fold  of  the  earth  upon  which 
the  shale  and  fossil  associated  with  oil  bearing  sands  were  found  in 
abundance.  At  the  present  writing  the  first  well  is  down  between  600 
and  700  feet  and  has  penetrated  the  first  oil  sands.  The  fifty  original 
locaters  of  the  land  have  pooled  their  interests  in  the  association,  and 
Mr.  Kennedy  was  prominent  in  its  organization  and  was  president  until 
his  death,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Mrs.  Kennedy  as  president.  Cecil 
H.  Phillips  is  secretary  and  Roy  F.  Bradley,  treasurer.  The  other  direc- 
tors of  the  association  are  C.  W.  Linfesty,  Charles  Bennett,  Dr.  C. 
Chandler  and  Clarence  Johnson,  all  of  San  Bernardino  except  Dr. 
Chandler,  of  Hollywood. 

The  late  Mr.  Kennedy  also  owned  a  ranch  on  the  St.  Andrews  Fault. 
and  derived  much  pleasure  from  its  oneration.  This  property  is  still 
retained  by  Mrs.  Kennedy.  In  politics  he  was  a  socialist,  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  County  and  City  Central  Committees  of  the  party,  and  at  one 
election  was  candidate  for  the  office  of  mayor.  At  the  age  of  twenty- 
three  he  enlisted  in  the  United  States  Navy  as  a  marine,  hut  after  a 
short  time  was  discharged  on  account  of  ill  health. 

January  16,  1899,  at  San  Bernardino,  Mr.  Kennedy  married  Miss 
Cora  E.  See.  She  was  born  at  Whittier,  California,  and  is  a  member 
of  the  Baptist  Church.  Her  father,  the  late  Joseph  W^  See,  was  a  na- 
tive of  Missouri,  crossed  the  plains  in  1854.  and  for  many  years  was  a 
merchant  and  farmer  in  the  Whittier  district.  Mrs.  Kennedy's  mother, 
Eudora  (Brown')  See.  was  born  in  Northern  California  and  is  now  being 
at  Long  Beach.  Four  children  were  born  to  the  marriage  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Kennedy :  William,  who  as  mentioned  above,  was  one  of  the  original 
discoverers  and  is  active  in  the  affairs  of  the  Painted  Hills  Oil  Associa- 
tion, has  his  father's  intense  interest  in  geolog}'.  and  in  spite  of  his  youth 
has  several  times  been  called  upon  for  expert  advice  and  investigation. 
The  other  .son  of  Mrs.  Kennedy.  Orlis  I.,  Jr.,  died  at  the  age  of  eighteen. 
The  two  daughters  are  Helen,  wife  of  Lowell  Russell,  of  San  Bernardino, 


1046      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

and  Margaret,  member  of  the  class  of  1923  at  the  San  Bernardino  High 
School. 

Julius  Oehl  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  San  Bernardino  and 
the  pioneer  meat  packer  of  San  Bernardino  County.  He  was  born  in 
Denmark,  January  6,  1853,  the  son  of  Julius  and  Louise  (Tychosenj 
Oehl.  His  father  was  prominent  in  official  and  military  life,  holding  a 
public  office  and  also  serving  as  an  officer  in  both  the  Danish  and  Ger- 
man armies. 

Mr.  Oehl  at  the  age  of  seventeen  decided  to  come  to  America,  and 
he  landed  in  New  York  in  1872.  He  went  into  the  butcher  business  for 
a  year,  and  then  responded  to  the  call  of  the  West  and  located  in  Mon- 
tana. Here  he  worked  at  the  same  trade  for  several  years,  acquiring  such 
proficiency  that  he  went  to  Kansas  as  foreman  for  the  Jacob  Dold  Pack- 
ing Company.  Here  he  gained  much  necessary  experience  and  went  to 
Socorro,  New  Mexico,  where  he  opened  a  retail  meat  business,  opening 
also  a  branch  store  in  Crafton,  New  Mexico. 

He  came  to  San  Bernardino  in  1886  and  at  once  started  in  the  meat 
business,  in  a  retail  shop.  In  this  he  was  successful  and  decided  to 
start  a  packing  plant,  which  he  did  in  a  very  small  way  on  East  Ninth 
Street.  The  business  outgrew  the  cramped  quarters,  and  he  took  over 
an  old  plant  formerly  run  by  J.  S.  Purdy.  This  was  soon  enlarged  and 
several  times  since  it  has  outgrown  the  space  and  has  had  to  be  enlarged. 
The  present  plant  has  a  capacity  of  about  twenty  cattle,  fifty  sheep  and 
twenty  hogs  daily.  The  trade  now  extends  to  all  the  surrounding  towns, 
as  far  east  as  Needles  and  out  on  the  desert. 

Mr.  Oehl  was  a  member  of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  and  of  the 
Lutheran  Church.  He  married  in  June,  1885,  in  New  York,  Miss  Kath- 
erine  Claussen,  a  daughter  of  Johann  and  Flanke  (Siever)  Claussen,  of 
Denmark.  They  were  the  parents  of  six  children :  Ernest  Oehl.  manager 
of  the  Oehl  Packing  Company  ;  Richard,  who  married  Louise  Delore.  has 
two  children  ;  Julius  married  Leila  Ella  Rowe  and  has  three  children ; 
Herbert  married  Beatrice  Holmes ;  Conrad  married  Leona  Wilson ;  Freida 
is  the  wife  of  Clifford  Stewart,  a  banker  of  Perris.  These  children  with 
the  exception  of  Mrs.  Stewart,  are  all  residents  of  San  Bernardino. 

Ernest  Oehl,  manager  of  the  Oehl  Packing  Company,  was  born  in 
Socorro.  New  Mexico.  August  11.  1886,  and  was  educated  in  tlie  public 
and  high  schools.  He  afterward  went  to  work  with  his  father,  and  upon 
the  latter's  death  the  widow  conducted  the  business  for  a  short  time,  but 
it  soon  became  too  heavy  a  task  for  her  and  Ernest,  with  the  help  of  his 
uncle,  Conrad  Oehl,  took  over  the  business  and  has  since  managed  it, 
taking  full  charge  in  1916,  his  uncle  retiring.  As  each  younger  brother 
came  of  age  he  was  admitted  into  the  firm  as  an  equal  partner. 

Ernest  Oehl  married  Sadie  Crumley,  daughter  of  Mrs.  Flora  Crum- 
ley, in  1912,  in  San  Bernardino.  She  died  on  May  30.  1919.  and  their 
infant  child  also  died.  Mr.  Oehl  married  December  25.  1920,  in  San 
Bernardino,  to  Vannetla  Blanche  Secor,  a  native  of  Colorado  and  a 
daughter  of  Henry  Frey.  a  contractor  of  Van  Nuys,  California.  Mr. 
Oehl  is  a  member  of  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  San 
Bernardino  Lodge  No.  836.  and  of  Arrowhead  Council  No.  534,  United 
Commercial  Travelers.  A  vounger  brother.  Conrad  Oehl.  served  nine 
months  in  the  navy  during  the  war  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  the 
close  of  hostilities. 

T\Mi:s  Wk.mvps  l!h;\\i;KS,  physician  of  Snn  Bernardino,  is  descended 
from  a  long,  illustrious  line  of  ancestors  on  both  sides  of  the  family.     His 


SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES       10^7 

father,  Isaac  Benners,  traced  his  line  back  to  the  French  Huguenots  wiio 
left  France  aiter  the  revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes  to  seek  freedom 
from  persecution  and  more  tolerant  conditions  in  America. 

Isaac  Benners  was  a  man  of  strong  and  sterling  character,  a  remark- 
able personage,  trusted  and  honored  by  his  fellovvmen  as  few  men  are. 
His  fellow  citizens  showed  their  high  regard  and  esteem  by  their  actions. 
And  he  justified  their  faith  by  the  justness  and  fairness  with  which  he 
administered  the  duties  of  the  offices  given  tu  him.  No  trust  in  him  was 
ever  violated,  and  he  was  ever  watchful  of  the  interests  of  his  people, 
rich  and  poor  alike. 

He  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina  but  moved  to  Alabama  in  1855, 
his  vocation  at  the  time  being  that  of  a  farmer ;  but  later  on  he  occupied 
a  most  unique  and  peculiar  position.  Although  he  was  not  an  attorney, 
he  held  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace  in  Birmingham,  Alabama. 
When  the  new  constitution  was  being  framed  the  attorneys  of  the 
community  included  a  section  which  provided  that  a  county  or  superior 
judge  should  be  a  regular  qualified  and  admitted  attorney :  with  the 
exception  of  the  two  justices  of  the  peace  at  the  time  holding  office. 
They  wanted  Mr.  Benners  for  judge,  and  the  provision  was  framed 
in  that  manner  so  as  to  make  this  possible.  That  the  attorneys  knew  the 
man  and  his  character  was  shown  by  the  fact  that  afterward,  when 
he  was  elected  judge,  as  planned,  he  held  the  office  by  successive  re- 
elections  for  the  next  twenty-eight  years.  At  the  close  of  the  twenty-eighth 
year  he  voluntary  and  determinedly  retired  and  is  now  living  in  Birming- 
ham, Alabama. 

The  mother  of  J.  \V.  Benners  was  Miss  Harriet  Hatch,  a  native  of 
.Alabama,  who  traced  her  ancestral  line  to  England,  being  a  direct  lineal 
descendant  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  She  died  in  Birmingham  in  1892.  The 
children  of  her  union  with  Isaac  Benners  numbered  seven,  of  whom 
five  are  now  living.     J.  \V.  Benners  being  the  third  in  order  of  birth. 

His  early  education  was  acquired  in  the  Lebanon,  Tennessee,  public 
schools.  Later  he  clerked  in  a  drug  store  in  Alabama  and  afterwards 
in  Louisville,  Kentucky.  He  had  decided  to  become  a  physician,  and 
so  he  kept  on  in  this  line  until  he  graduated  in  pharmacy  in  Louisville 
in  1888.  He  then  entered  the  medical  department  of  the  University  of 
Louisville,  and  was  graduated  with  the  class  of  1893.  In  1897  he  took 
the  post  graduate  courses  in  the  Post  Graduate  Medical  School  of  New 
York.  He  next  took  a  post  graduate  course  at  the  Medical  College  of 
San  Francisco,  this  in  1915. 

He  started  practicing  in  Louisville,  and  continued  there  from  1893 
to  1911,  when  he  came  to  California,  but  after  a  stay  of  one  year  he  went 
to  Georgetown.  Colorado.  He  practiced  there  for  three  years,  when  he 
returned  to  California,  locating  at  Long  Beach.  He  spent  one  year 
there  and  one  year  at  Highland,  coming  to  San  Bernardino  in  1918.  He 
is  now  doing  a  general  practice  in  that  city. 

Doctor  Benners  married  in  1890  Addie  Lucas,  a  daughter  of  Charles 
Lucas,  of  Kansas  City,  and  a  granddaughter  of  General  Lucas,  of  In- 
dependence, Kansas.  They  have  one  child,  Josephine,  wife  of  Mark 
T.  Smith,  of  San  Bernardino,  and  she  has  two  children,  Mary  Frances 
and  Mark  T.  Smith,  Jr. 

Doctor  Benners  is  a  member  of  the  California  Stale  Medical  .Vssocia- 
tion  and  of  the  San  Bernardino  County  Medical  Association.  He  is  a 
life  member  of  Shibboleth  Lodge  No.  750,  .Ancient  Free  and  .Accepted 
Masons;  and  of  Highland  Castle.  Knights  of  Pythias.  He  is  independent 
in  politics.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church. 


1048      SAN  BERNARDINO  AND  RIVERSIDE  COUNTIES 

Edward  Doyle  Reid  came  to  Riverside  County  in  the  early  eighties, 
and  had  some  modest  working  part  in  some  of  the  pioneer  development 
of  this  district.  He  is  the  oldest  clothing  merchant  of  Redlands,  and 
has  had  an  active  business  career  in  this  section  of  California  for  over 
thirty  years. 

Mr.  Reid  was  born  in  McDonough  County,  Illinois,  February  11,  1863, 
son  of  L.  G.  and  Rena  Reid,  both  parents  natives  of  Kentucky.  His 
father  achieved  prominence  as  an  Illinois  lawyer.  Seventh  in  a  family 
of  ten  children,  Edward  D.  Reid  grew  up  in  Southern  Illinois,  attended 
school  until  he  was  eighteen,  and  then,  acting  upon  the  advice  of  physi- 
cians, came  to  California,  reaching  Riverside  in  October,  1881,  more 
than  forty  years  ago.  The  first  year  he  took  outdoor  work,  employed  on 
ranches  and  cultivating  and  working  among  orange  groves.  Then,  after 
a  trip  to  the  northern  part  of  the  state,  he  returned  to  Redlands,  and  in 
1884  was  employed  during  the  construction  of  the  original  Bear  Valley 
Dam.  Thus  his  own  recollection  of  his  early  experiences  enables  him 
to  tell  much  of  the  pioneer  development  of  the  Redlands  water  supply, 
of  the  development  of  electrical  energy,  and  the  very  foundation  of  the 
citrus  industry  in  this  part  of  the  state. 

In  the  spring  of  1886,  Mr.  Reid  returned  to  Illinois,  but  after  a 
year  and  a  half  came  back  to  Riverside  in  1888.  At  that  time  he  entered 
the  service  of  the  Reynolds  Clothing  and  Furnishing  Store,  learned 
the  business  by  a  diligent  apprenticeship  and  remained  a  trusted  worker 
of  the  firm  for  fourteen  years.  Severing  his  connections  there  in  1902, 
Mr.  Reid  came  to  Redlands,  and  soon  afterward  the  firm  of  Reid  & 
Findlay  began  business  as  clothing  and  furnishing  goods  merchants  at 
218  Orange  Street.  To  that  business  Mr.  Reid  has  now  given  his 
consecutive  attention  for  nearly  twenty  years.  Their  dealings  and  good 
business  management  brought  a  steady  and  constant  improvement,  and 
the  firm  stood  out  conspicuously  in  varying  fortunes  that  swept  away 
other  competing  concerns.  The  firm  owned  both  the  stock  of  goods  and 
the  building.  There  was  no  change  in  the  management  until  October 
1.  1920,  when  Mr.  Findlay  retired.  This  change  was  followed  by  the 
incorporation  of  E.  D.  Reid  S:  Company,  and  under  this  title  the  old 
business  is  continued  at  the  original  location.  This  is  the  oldest  clothing 
store  in  Redlands  from  the  standpoint  of  continuous  service. 

Mr.  Reid  was  reared  a  Presbyterian.  He  is  affiliated  with  Redlands 
Lodge  of  Knights  of  Pvthias.  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  and 
Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks.  In  Jnly,  1895,  he  married 
Miss  Genevieve  Parkinson,  of  Redlands.  They  have  an  adopted  daughter. 
Ruth  Adeline  Reid,  who  was  born  March  18,  191.3.  Mr.  Reid  has  made 
his  success  through  his  own  efforts  and  enjoys  an  honored  station  in 
the  community  of  Redlands. 


>  ;* 


r\ 


^     >• 


^^Ml^'' 


•c 


\ 


^^^^  ■- 


Y^  '\f